tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stanley Arthur Mason
Authors: Jeremy Mason
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former senior anaesthetist King's College Hospital, London (b 1917; q London 1941; FFA RCS, DA, FRCA), died from uraemia and chronic osteoarthritis on 29 July 2004.

Stanley A Mason was a past president of the Association of Anaesthetists. Among his major achievements was his pioneering work in open heart surgery, liver transplant, intensive care units, and kidney and finally lung transplantation. During the second world war he served as an anaesthetist during the Normandy landings, and was mentioned in dispatches for devotion to duty under enemy fire. He was later sent to join the battle still raging in the Far East. Predeceased by his eldest son, he leaves a wife, Marjorie; three sons; and 10 grandchildren.
A 47-Year-Old Man With Chronic Depression
Authors: Frederick Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Dr Delbanco:</h3> Mr N is a 47-year-old man who has struggled with depression for approximately 15 years. Divorced from his first wife and now separated from his second, he is the father of two teenaged children. He works for a local human service institution and receives private managed care health insurance through his employer. At 32 years of age, Mr N sought marriage counseling with his first wife. After his marriage ended, he continued with individual counseling; a diagnosis of depression was established, and he began taking an antidepressant he believes to have been imipramine. In 1980, he moved to Massachusetts and was denied coverage for individual psychotherapy by his new health plan. He was offered group counseling but after three meetings found it an inappropriate setting for his problems. Between 1983 and 1984, Mr N felt markedly worse and quit his job. During this time his divorce became final.
How well can real-time perfusion imaging by myocardial contrast echocardiography detect peri-infarction ischemia? Comparison of adenosine stress and dobutamine stress
Authors: Chih-Hui Chin, Yan-Qiu Xing, Aldo Prado, Raeeda Gheewala, Joachim Nesser, Natesa G. Pandian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Response to upright exercise after myocardial infarction
Authors: M. HETHERINGTON, K. K TEO, R. G HAENNEL, R. E ROSSALL, T. KAPPAGODA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

The left ventricular response to upright bicycle exercise was studied in 39 unselected, non-beta blocked patients (mean(SEM) age 54.2(1.7)yr) (mean(SEM) resting ejection fraction 41.9(2.3)%) 8-10 weeks after myocardial infarction. Nine healthy, age matched, sedentary adult men were studied for comparison (mean(SEM) age 49.8(0.9) yr). The stroke volume and cardiac output were measured by impedance cardiography at rest and after each 3 min workload until symptom limited maximum. The patients were separated into three groups based on stroke volume response to graded exercise. Group 1 (n=14) had a normal stroke volume response to increasing heart rate. In group 2 (n=13) stroke volume increased initially then decreased by >15% at a heart rate >100-105 beats·min−1. In group 3 (n= 12) stroke volume failed to increase during exercise. In group 1 cardiac output and mean arterial pressure increased whereas vascular resistance decreased during exercise in a normal fashion. Group 2 had an increased mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance throughout exercise while heart rate increased in a similar fashion to group 1 until work of >70 W was undertaken, at which time heart rate increased in a curvilinear fashion and cardiac output was attenuated. Group 3 had an attenuated cardiac output and a higher heart rate during exercise. In this group of patients systemic vascular resistance failed to decrease normally during exercise. These results suggest that non-invasive identification of patient groups by determining the stroke volume to heart rate response to exercise (a) defined patients with increased vascular resistance and reduced ventricular function, which was not apparent by other available clinical data, and (b) may be important in planning long term management, such as exercise prescription and vasodilator treatment or inotropic treatment, or both.
γδ T Cells Recognize a Microbial Encoded B Cell Antigen to Initiate a Rapid Antigen-Specific Interleukin-17 Response
Authors: Xun Zeng, Yu-Ling Wei, Jun Huang, Evan W. Newell, Hongxiang Yu, Brian A. Kidd, Michael S. Kuhns, Ray W. Waters, Mark M. Davis, Casey T. Weaver, Yueh-hsiu Chien
Journal: Immunity (2012)

Summaryγδ T cells contribute uniquely to immune competence. Nevertheless, how they function remains an enigma. It is unclear what most γδ T cells recognize, what is required for them to mount an immune response, and how the γδ T cell response is integrated into host immune defense. Here, we report that a noted B cell antigen, the algae protein phycoerythrin (PE), is a murine and human γδ T cell antigen. Employing this specificity, we demonstrated that antigen recognition activated naive γδ T cells to make interleukin-17 and respond to cytokine signals that perpetuate the response. High frequencies of antigen-specific γδ T cells in naive animals and their ability to mount effector response without extensive clonal expansion allow γδ T cells to initiate a swift, substantial response. These results underscore the adaptability of lymphocyte antigen receptors and suggest an antigen-driven rapid response in protective immunity prior to the maturation of classical adaptive immunity.Highlights•Murine and human γδ T cells recognize a microbial encoded B cell antigen•Naive γδ T cells develop into IL-17 effectors in response to this antigen•Antigen-activated γδ T cells gain the ability to respond to cytokine signals•Robust and sustained IL-17 production requires both TCR and cytokine signals
Antihypertensive Medications and Breast Cancer Risk—Reply
Authors: Christopher I. Li, Mei-Tzu C. Tang, Kathleen E. Malone
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Treatment of herpes simplex gingivostomatitis with aciclovir in children: a randomised double blind placebo controlled study
Authors: J. Amir, L. Harel, Z. Smetana, I. Varsano
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To examine the efficacy of aciclovir suspension for treating herpetic gingivostomatitis in young children. <b>Design:</b> Randomised double blind placebo controlled study. <b>Setting:</b> Day care unit of a tertiary paediatric hospital. <b>Subjects:</b> 72 children aged 1-6 years with clinical manifestations of gingivostomatitis lasting less than 72 hours; 61 children with cultures positive for herpes simplex virus finished the study. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Duration of oral lesions, fever, eating and drinking difficulties, and viral shedding. <b>Intervention:</b> Aciclovir suspension 15 mg/kg five times a day for seven days, or placebo. <b>Results:</b> Children receiving aciclovir had oral lesions for a shorter period than children receiving placebo (median 4<i>v</i> 10 days (difference 6 days, 95% confidence interval 4.0 to 8.0)) and earlier disappearance of the following signs and symptoms: fever (1 <i>v</i> 3 days (2 days, 0.8 to 3.2)); extraoral lesions (lesions around the mouth but outside the oral cavity) (0 <i>v</i> 5.5 days (5.5 days, 1.3 to 4.7)); eating difficulties (4 <i>v</i> 7 days (3 days, 1.31 to 4.69)); and drinking difficulties (3 <i>v</i> 6 days (3 days, 1.1 to 4.9)). Viral shedding was significantly shorter in the group treated with aciclovir (1 <i>v</i> 5 days (4 days, 2.9 to 5.1)). <b>Conclusions:</b> Oral aciclovir treatment for herpetic gingivostomatitis, started within the first three days of onset, shortens the duration of all clinical manifestations and the infectivity of affected children. Further studies are needed to evaluate the ideal dose and length of treatment. <h3>Key messages</h3> Herpetic gingivostomatitis is the most common clinical manifestation of primary herpes simplex virus infection in young children The efficacy of oral aciclovir suspension was studied in a double blind placebo controlled study All clinical symptoms and viral shedding were shorter in children receiving aciclovir than in those receiving placebo Aciclovir was highly effective in treating children with herpetic gingivostomatitis
Human Herpesvirus 8 Seroprevalence in Blood Donors and Lymphoma Patients From Different Regions of Italy
Authors: Denise Whitby, Chris Boshoff, Robin A. Weiss, Mario Luppi, Patrizia Barozzi, Giuseppe Torelli
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Independent epidemiologic studieshave shown a strong association be-tween Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and infec-tion with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8or KSHV). HHV-8 genomic sequenceshave been found in all forms (1–5)andall histologic stages (6) of KS, with viralDNA being localized to tumor endothe-lial cells and spindle cells (7,8). Detec-tion of HHV-8 DNA sequences in theperipheral blood of patients who are se-ropositive for human immunodeficiencyvirus 1 (HIV) is a strong predictor ofprogression to KS (9,10). The vast ma-jority of patients with KS have antibod-ies against HHV-8(11–14), with sero-conversion before clinical disease (15).HHV-8 infection is apparently not com-mon in the general population of theU.K. and the United States, but it iscommon in groups at high risk for KS(11–14).In addition, HHV-8 seropreva-lence is higher in HIV-positive homo-sexual men than in HIV-positive pa-tients with hemophilia (13), just asacquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)-related KS occurs far morecommonly in homosexual men than inpatients with hemophilia. HHV-8 infec-tion is common in the general popula-tion of Uganda, which has a high inci-dence of endemic KS (11,13,14).The classic form of KS affectsmainly elderly men in Mediterraneanand Eastern Europe (16). If HHV-8 isthe major etiologic agent in KS, a higherprevalence of antibodies against HHV-8would be expected in regions with anelevated incidence of KS. KS is preva-lent in Italy, especially in the South,Sardinia, and the lower Po valley(Northern Italy) (16–18). From 1976through 1984, before the era of AIDS,elevated incidence rates of KS werefound in nine Italian cancer registries;these incidence rates were twofold tothreefold higher than those in the UnitedStates and Sweden and 10-fold higherthan those in the U.K. (17–20) (Fig. 1,A, and data not shown).We investigated the prevalence of an-tibodies against the HHV-8 latentnuclear antigen (LNA-1) by use of animmunofluorescence assay (13) in 747blood donors from different regions ofItaly. Since HHV-8 is also associatedwith primary effusion lymphoma (21)and multicentric Castleman’s disease(22), we additionally investigated the se-roprevalence of this lymphotropic her-pesvirus in 163 lymphoma patientsfrom the same Italian regions; 78 ofthese patients had Hodgkin’s disease,and 85 had non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas(64 of B-cell origin and 21 of T-cell ori-gin). The immunofluorescence assay isthe most sensitive and specific assaycurrently available to detect HHV-8 in-fection (23). Sera were tested in ablinded manner at a dilution of 1:100,and 38 positive sera were also titrated to
Phase 1 study of epigenetic priming with decitabine prior to standard induction chemotherapy for patients with AML
Authors: Joseph M. Scandura, Gail J. Roboz, Michelle Moh, Ewelina Morawa, Fabienne Brenet, J. Robi Bose, Luis Villegas, Usama S. Gergis, Sebastian A. Mayer, Cindy M. Ippoliti, Tania J. Curcio, Ellen K. Ritchie, Eric J. Feldman
Journal: Blood (2011)
Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis expressing a novel type of TEL-PDGFRB chimaera responded to imatinib mesylate therapy
Authors: K Tokita, K Maki, J Tadokoro, Y Nakamura, Y Arai, K Sasaki, M Eguchi-Ishimae, M Eguchi, K Mitani
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Rickets in Glasgow Pakistanis.
Authors: E B Mawer, A M Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1972)

of the authorities" is a narrow one and views the situation out of context.The truth of the matter is that Africans are relegated to restricted areas-Bantustans-which are a necessary step for the implementation of separate development.These areas, other than not being open to all races, are the most economically impoverished parts of the country.These areas comprise just less than 13 % of the Republic's surface area and account for 1-99% of the total product of South Africa.In 1966-7 the output per head was about one eighteenth of that in the re- mainder of the Republic."These undeniable facts are hardly conducive to attracting medical personnel into these "homelands" even if they were able to go.The assertion by Dr. McKechnie that "the medical profession in South Africa is as concerned with discrimination as she [Dr.Dowling] is" may be argued.We believe that in King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, in the medical school and in a few liberal pockets in the country, a great deal of good- will exists amongst the White doctors for us, but that it is too often misdirected.--Weare, etc.,
It's time for the UK government to fully review drug policy
Authors: Ewan Hoyle
Journal: BMJ (2011)

On 18 September at their annual party conference the Liberal Democrats will debate a motion about policy for illicit drug use, which my colleagues and I have prepared. It’s not a hugely radical motion. How radical is it to call for an examination of the impact of current policy and a thorough investigation of the potential impact of alternative approaches? This is how we should expect governments to formulate policy for all of the areas for which they have responsibility.

Sadly though, politicians have long believed that drug policy is not like other policy: to follow the evidence risks being seen as being “soft on drugs” and recklessly endangering the vulnerable bodies and minds of our nation’s children.

If Liberal Democrats are to challenge the tabloids—particularly the Daily Mail , whose influence over politicians in suppressing debate on this matter is chilling—and gain the support of backbench Conservatives to have a meaningful impact on government policy, then they must instead adopt a policy that can be framed as “tough on drugs” by effectively restricting their ability to cause harm (Why do we so wilfully cover up the failure of the war on drugs?” 1 Aug 2010, www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/aug/01/angus-macqueen-drugs-trade-policy).

Although some have suggested that a discussion …
Disinfection for HTLV-III: Halogenated Soaps
Authors: Michael Schuster
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  The recently published editorial on human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type III (HTLV-III) transmission makes a case for realistic infection control precautions in caring for patients having diagnosed or possible HTLV-III infection. 1 The known susceptibility of the virus to common disinfecting agents, including peroxide, alcohols, phenolics, and hypochlorite, as demonstrated by recent in vitro studies that monitored reverse transcriptase activity, is mentioned. 2,3   As infectious disease practitioners, we had thought it odd that none of these published studies evaluated halogenated compounds or iodophors such as povidone-iodine (Betadine), which are used almost universally for personal and patient disinfection. We therefore looked with interest at the statement in the editorial that hand-washing, using halogenated soap, also appears to eradicate the organism. However, a review of the reference cited for that statement 3 reveals no data to support such a claim. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control group did
11C-Acetate PET/CT in a Case of Recurrent Hemangiopericytoma
Authors: Ian Jong, Sirong Chen, Yim Lung Leung, Shing Kee Cheung, Chi-lai Ho
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Intracranial hemangiopericytoma (IHPC) is a rare tumor representing less than 1% of all CNS tumors and is often indistinguishable from meningioma on structural imaging alone. Unlike meningioma, IHPC is an aggressive tumor with the propensity for early locoregional recurrence and distant metastases. Hence, its management strategies differ greatly from that of meningioma. Some investigators have reported the potential role of multitracers (F-FDG, C-methionine, and O-H2O) PET imaging in distinguishing IHPC from meningioma. We described the findings of dual-tracer (C-acetate and F-FDG) PET/CT imaging in a histopathologically proven case of IHPC with extensive extracranial osseous metastases that showed significantly greater C-acetate avidity.
Capture, Enrichment, and Mass Spectrometric Detection of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Biomarkers with Nanoporous Silicon Microparticles
Authors: Jie Tan, Wei‐Jie Zhao, Jie‐Kai Yu, Sai Ma, Michael J. Sailor, Jian‐Min Wu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Abstract Mining the disease information contained in the low‐molecular‐weight range of a proteomic profile is becoming of increasing interest in cancer research. This work evaluates the ability of nanoporous silicon microparticles (NPSMPs) to capture, enrich, protect, and detect low‐molecular‐weight peptides (LMWPs) sieved from a pool of highly abundant plasma proteins. The average pore size and porosity of NPSMPs are controlled by the electrochemical preparation conditions, and the critical parameters for admission or exclusion of protein with a definite molecular weight are determined by reflectometric‐interference Fourier transform spectroscopy (RIFTS). Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide‐gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) analysis of the proteins captured by the NPSMPs show that the chemical nature of the NPSMPs surface and the solution pH also play vital roles in determining the affinity of NPSMPs for target analytes. It is found that carboxyl‐terminated porous microparticles with a porosity of 26% (pore diameter around 9.0 nm) specifically fractionate, enrich and protect LMWPs sieved from either simulated samples or human serum samples. Moreover, NPSMPs containing captured peptides can be directly spotted onto a MALDI plate. When placed in a conventional MALDI matrix, laser irradiation of the particles results in the release of the target peptides confined in the nanopores, which are then ionized and detected in the MALDI experiment. As a proof‐of‐principle test case, mass spectra of NPSMPs prepared using serum from colorectal cancer patients and from control patients can be clearly distinguished by statistical analysis. The work demonstrates the utility of the method for discovery of biomarkers in the untapped LMWP fraction of human serum, which can be of significant value in the early diagnosis and management of diseases.
Pseudo-EBM-ers have their own lexicon
Authors: S. Shortt
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed the lives of millions of people worldwide and threatens to become an endemic problem, therefore the need for as many types of vaccines as possible is of high importance. Because of the millions of doses required, it is desirable that vaccines are not only safe and effective, but also easy to administer, store, and inexpensive to produce. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) is responsible for a respiratory disease in chickens. It has no pathogenic homologue in humans. NDV is recognized as an oncolytic virus, and its use in humans for oncological treatment is being evaluated. In the present work, we have developed two types of NDV-vectored candidate vaccines, which carry the surface-exposed RBD and S1 antigens of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. These vaccine candidates were produced in specific-pathogen-free embryonating chicken eggs, and purified from allantoic fluid before lyophilization. These vaccines were administered intranasally to three different animal models: mice, rats and hamsters, and evaluated for safety, toxicity, immunogenicity, stability and efficacy. Efficacy was evaluated in a challenge assay against active SARS-CoV-2 virus in the Golden Syrian hamster model. The NDV-vectored vaccine based on the S1 antigen was shown to be safe and highly immunogenic, with the ability to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 <i>in-vitro</i>, even with an extreme dilution of 1/640. Our results reveal that this vaccine candidate protects the lungs of the animals, preventing cellular damage in this tissue. In addition, this vaccine reduces the viral load in the lungs, suggesting that it may significantly reduce the likelihood of transmission. Being lyophilized, this vaccine candidate is very stable and can be stored for several months at 4-8⁰C. In conclusion, our NDV-based vaccine candidate has shown a very favorable performance in the pre-clinical study, serving as evidence for a future evaluation in a Phase-I human clinical trial. This candidate represents a promising tool in the fight against COVID-19.
The Management of Malignant Pericardial Effusions
Authors: Jacob J. Lokich
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The accumulation of fluid in the potential space between serosal membranes may develop in 5% to 50% of patients with disseminated malignant disease.<sup>1</sup>Malignant pericardial effusion is particularly important because of its insidious clinical expression and the life-threatening potential of cardiac tamponade. Two mechanisms for the production of pericardial effusion that have been suggested are (1) tumor implantation on serosal surfaces leading to exudation of fluid, and (2) obstruction to lymphatic flow by mediastinal or hilar neoplastic infiltration causing transudation of fluid within the pericardial sac.<sup>2</sup>In the experimental model, lymph flow proceeds from the endocardial to the epicardial surface, and pericardial effusion is an accumulation of fluid exuding from the visceral pericardium (epicardium). Mere obstruction of the mediastinal lymphatic system draining the heart is inadequate to produce pericardial effusion, and additional ligation of the coronary sinus and the anterior coronary veins is essential. These studies have two
Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressing Genes
Authors: S H Friend, T P Dryja, R A Weinberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

THE past decade has witnessed great changes in our understanding of the molecular origins of cancer. Much of this progress stems from the discovery of specific genes, the oncogenes, which are carried in the genomes of a variety of tumor cells and appear to be responsible for specifying many of the malignant traits of these cells. Laboratory work in several areas has now uncovered 30 distinct oncogenes, some of which are associated with specific tumor types.1 Recently, researchers have discovered a very different class of genes that are involved in some forms of carcinogenesis. These "tumor-suppressing" genes appear to be . . .