tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Vasa Vasorum Flow on Structure and Function of the Aorta in Experimental Animals
Authors: Christodoulos Stefanadis, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Panagiotis Karayannacos, Harisios Boudoulas, Costas Stratos, Theodoros Filippides, Manolis Agapitos, Pavlos Toutouzas
Journal: Circulation (1995)

It is known that vasa vasorum flow contributes substantially to the nutrition of the outer layers of the thoracic aorta. This investigation was undertaken to test the hypothesis that impairment of vasa vasorum flow would alter the structure of the aortic wall and change the elastic properties of the aorta.The periaortic fat that contain the vasa vasorum for the ascending aorta was removed in seven anesthetized dogs, and the results were compared with those obtained from six weight-matched sham-operated control dogs. Aortic pressures, aortic diameters, and aortic distensibility were obtained before and 30 minutes and 15 days after removal of the periaortic vasa vasorum network. Aortic pressures were measured directly with a fluid-filled catheter. Aortic diameters were measured simultaneously with aortic pressures with an elastic, air-filled ring connected to a transducer. Aortic distensibility was calculated by the formula 2 x pulsatile change in aortic diameter/(diastolic aortic diameter x pulse pressure). Histology was performed in transverse blocks of aortic wall at the end of the experiment in both groups. The efficacy of the technique for the interruption of vasa vasorum blood supply to the aortic wall was demonstrated by histology in four additional animals that were killed without removal of vasa vasorum (two animals) and immediately after vasa vasorum removal (two animals). At baseline, heart rate, aortic pressures, aortic diameters, and aortic distensibility were similar in the two groups. A significant decrease in aortic distensibility was observed 30 minutes and 15 days after removal of the vasa vasorum in the experimental group (baseline, 3.453 +/- 1.023; 30 minutes, 2.521 +/- 0.760; 15 days, 1.586 +/- 0.488 10(-6).cm2.dyn-1; F = 9.532, P < .001). No changes were observed in aortic distensibility in the control group during the experiment. Histology of the aorta revealed medial necrosis, alterations of the elastin fibers, and a trend (P = .055) for altered collagen-to-elastin ratio in a region occupying more than the one (outer) half of the media of the experimental group animals. No changes were observed in the control group.The findings of the present study demonstrated that interruption of vasa vasorum flow led to an acute decrease in the distensibility of the ascending aorta. Moreover, structural changes of the aortic wall and further deterioration of the elastic properties of the aorta occurred 15 days after vasa vasorum removal.
Abstract 3569: Changes in signaling pathways induced by vandetanib in a human medullary thyroid carcinoma model as detected by reverse phase protein arrays
Authors: Sophie Broutin, Frédéric Commo, Leane De Koning, Caroline Hego, Bérengère Marty, Monique Talbot, Bernard Caillou, Corinne Dupuy, Anderson Joseph Ryan, Martin Schlumberger, Jean-Michel Bidart
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) frequently involve activating mutations in the proto-oncogene tyrosine-kinase receptor RET. Vandetanib (ZD6474, ZACTIMATM) is a potent inhibitor of RET and VEGFR-2 tyrosine-kinase activities which is currently in phase III clinical trial in MTC. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro and in vivo molecular effects of vandetanib on MTC signaling pathways using a proteomic approach based on reverse-phase protein arrays (RPPA). Methods: The human MTC TT cell line, bearing a RETC634W activating mutation, was cultured in the absence or the presence of vandetanib (100, 500, 1000 nM) during 4, 24 and 72 hours. MTC TT xenografted athymic nu/nu mice received vandetanib (50 mg/kg/day p.o.) or placebo and xenografts were removed after 1 and 4 days of treatment. Twenty-eight protein extracts from in vitro (n=24) and in vivo (n=4) experiments were profiled by RPPA analysis. Equal amounts of lysates were printed in serial dilutions onto nitrocellulose-coated glass slides. Each slide was then probed with each of a 20-antibodies set, specific for oncogenic pathways (PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MEK/p44-42, STAT3, NFκB) and cell cycle/apoptotic proteins (CDK1, PARP, cleaved-PARP). Results: In in vitro experiments, vandetanib treatment induced an increase of cleaved-PARP (p&amp;lt;10-5) with a 3-fold rise after 72 hours at 100 nM. Phosphorylation of NFKB was not significantly modified when compared to actin. In contrast, phosphorylation of STAT3 significantly decreased after 72 hours of vandetanib treatment. Overall, the MAPK signaling pathway was dramatically inhibited by vandetanib, as substantiated by the decrease of MEK and p44-42 phosphorylation when compared to their total protein forms (p&amp;lt;10-3). Inhibition of p44/42 and STAT3 phosphorylation were also observed in MTC TT xenografted mice treated by vandetanib. Several proteins were re-analyzed by western-blot and/or immunohistochemistry analyses and the results were in agreement with those observed in RPPA. Conclusions: Together these observations demonstrated that, at the protein level, vandetanib induces apoptosis and mainly inhibits MAPK and AKT pathways in MTC. Furthermore, our experimental approach confirmed the interest of this method of protein arrays for analyzing changes in signaling pathways induced by tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3569. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3569
Different molecular levels of post-induction minimal residual disease may predict hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcome in adult Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: R Bassan, O Spinelli, E Oldani, T Intermesoli, M Tosi, B Peruta, E Borlenghi, E M Pogliani, E Di Bona, V Cassibba, A M Scattolin, C Romani, F Ciceri, A Cortelezzi, G Gianfaldoni, D Mattei, E Audisio, A Rambaldi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Different molecular levels of post-induction minimal residual disease may predict hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcome in adult Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia
A new class of colorectal cancer gene.
Authors: L Cawkwell, P Quirke
Journal: Gut (1995)

A new class of colorectal cancer geneColorectal cancer (CRC) is curable if diagnosed at an early stage and thus identification of subjects and families who have an inherited predisposition to the disease is import- ant.Hereditary colorectal cancer is estimated to account for up to 15% of all colorectal cancer cases.'There are two comparatively common syndromes where an inherited pre- disposition to CRC is evident and which are inherited as an autosomal dominant.In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), which accounts for about 1% of CRC, there is a clear phenotypic marker (that is, polyposis) and also the APC gene responsible has been isolated.2-5The APC gene is a tumour suppressor gene and, in one study, 67% of FAP patients were shown to have germline mutations of this gene.6Thus, screening for FAP is comparatively easy and can be performed both phenotypically and genetically.The second, and much commoner, class of inherited CRC, however, causes more problems.Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)7 accounts for between 5 and 15% of CRC.1 A predisposi-
Left ventricular‐based pacing in patients with chronic heart failure: comparison of acute hemodynamic benefits according to underlying heart disease
Authors: Jacques Mansourati, Yves Etienne, Martine Gilard, Valérie Valls‐Bertault, Jacques Boschat, David G. Benditt, Keith G. Lurie, Jean‐Jacques Blanc
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
F-18 FDG Uptake Due to Acinetobacter Infection Causing Misinterpretation of Treatment Response in a Lymphoma Patient
Authors: Ramazan Yildiz, Ugur Coskun, Ozlem Kapucu, Ali Osman Kaya, Umit Ozgur Akdemir, Mustafa Benekli, Suleyman Buyukberber
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A 59-year-old woman, diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 4 months ago by biopsy from a right cervical lymph node, was hospitalized due to febrile neutropenia 10 days after the 5th cycle of R-CHOP chemotherapy. In the setting of monitoring therapy, new pulmonary lesions with mild F-18 FDG uptake after the 4th cycle of chemotherapy were illustrated. Acinetobacter was isolated from the cultures taken from these lesions by fiberoptic broncoscopy. Disappearance of these new lesions after the treatment with sensitive antibiotics confirmed that this is a case of 18-F FDG uptake due to acinetobacter infection in a lymphoma patient.
After the epidemic: follow up study of HIV seroprevalence and changing patterns of drug use.
Authors: C A Skidmore, J R Robertson, A A Robertson, R A Elton
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To follow up known intravenous drug users to determine current health state and drug use, compare characteristics with those of recent drug users, and examine HIV exposure and serostate. DESIGN--Subjects were identified from conventional general practice records and recruited from 1980 to the end of 1985; they were followed up during 1987 and 1988 and compared with drug users identified in the same way but recruited after 1985. SETTING--General practice and community in north west Edinburgh. Follow up conducted throughout the United Kingdom. SUBJECTS--Subjects known to have injected illegal drugs before 1986 (n = 203) and since that time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Mortality from and prevalence of HIV seropositivity and various parameters indicative of abstinence. RESULTS--Of the 203 subjects in the follow up group, 189 (93%) were traced; 16 (8%) had died and the remaining 173 (85%) were interviewed. In all, 146 (72% of the follow up cohort) had been tested for HIV antibodies, 94 (64%) having positive and 52 (36%) negative results; 57 (28%) had not been tested. Of the 65 subjects in the recently recruited group, 51 (79%) had been tested for HIV, 15 (29%) having positive results. A further 21 (43%) were currently negative for HIV antibody but still at risk. Thirty three (19%) of those followed up were confirmed abstinent, although more (about half) showed evidence of diminished drug injecting. Age correlated strongly with abstinence (p less than 0.001). One third of the group currently used cannabis, buprenorphine, dihydrocodeine, or diazepam. When the two groups were analysed together there was a strong association between the date of starting injecting and HIV seropositivity (chi 3 = 23.81, df = 2, p less than 0.001), with a peak around 1980-3. CONCLUSIONS--Although only a fifth of the followed up group were convincingly abstinent, a much larger group showed evidence of prolonged periods of remission. Overall, much use of oral drugs was confirmed and worrying trends towards taking buprenorphine and benzodiazepines were evident. The peak incidence of starting drug use and the comparatively low seroprevalence of HIV in the newer drug users probably explain the anomalous high seroprevalence in Edinburgh drug users during 1980-5. The epidemic of HIV during the first half of the 1980s in the group suggests that the virus was probably being transmitted because of a pattern of behaviour. Changing patterns of HIV transmission suggest a need to concentrate on heterosexual transmission as the main problem in the future.
Positive Correlation of Galanin With Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ioannis Legakis, Timos Mantzouridis, Theodoros Mountokalakis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Compelling literature (1) has been accumulated regarding the action of galanin as an incretin on insulin secretion. Although galanin inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release in animals, no such effect has been documented in humans (2). Actually, galanin administration in humans has been shown to suppress the initial postprandial rise in plasma concentration of glucose and insulin (3) with unaltered glucose-stimulated insulin release (2). Nevertheless, basal plasma galanin levels have been shown to diverge with obesity and hormonal status.

We enrolled 21 patients with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 7.8 ± 1.19%): 9 men (aged 54.6 ± 3.87 years, BMI 28.5 ± 1.6 …
Clinical Trials
Authors: Andrew Bottomley
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Islet-After-Lung Transplantation in a Patient With Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes
Authors: H. Siebe Spijker, Bruce H.R. Wolffenbuttel, Wim van der Bij, Marten A. Engelse, Ton J. Rabelink, Eelco J.P. de Koning
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

Cystic fibrosis–related diabetes (CFRD) is the most common comorbidity of cystic fibrosis (1). The incidence and prevalence of CFRD have increased due to lifesaving advances, especially lung transplantation (2). In the pancreas, acinar fibrosis and fat cell infiltration are associated with decreased β-cell mass and β-cell dysfunction. Delayed gastric emptying contributes to dysregulation of glucose homeostasis (3). We report the case of a successful intraportal islet transplantation 7 years after bilateral lung transplantation in a patient with CFRD.

A 48-year-old woman was referred to our clinic with CFRD duration of 30 years, complicated by severe gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy with delayed gastric emptying. She had received a bilateral lung transplantation 7 years earlier. Immunosuppressive agents included mycophenolate mofetil (1,000 mg/day) and tacrolimus (6 mg/day). She had used steroids during the first 2 postoperative years. Lung function was stable (forced vital capacity 3,140 …
Hypertension in the United States, 1999 to 2012
Authors: Brent M. Egan, Jiexiang Li, Florence N. Hutchison, Keith C. Ferdinand
Journal: Circulation (2014)

To reduce the cardiovascular disease burden, Healthy People 2020 established US hypertension goals for adults to (1) decrease the prevalence to 26.9% and (2) raise treatment to 69.5% and control to 61.2%, which requires controlling 88.1% on treatment.To assess the current status and progress toward these Healthy People 2020 goals, time trends in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999 to 2012 data in 2-year blocks were assessed in adults ≥18 years of age age-adjusted to US 2010. From 1999 to 2000 to 2011 to 2012, prevalent hypertension was unchanged (30.1% versus 30.8%, P=0.32). Hypertension treatment (59.8% versus 74.7%, P<0.001) and proportion of treated adults controlled (53.3%-68.9%, P=0.0015) increased. Hypertension control to <140/<90 mm Hg rose every 2 years from 1999 to 2000 to 2009 to 2010 (32.2% versus 53.8%, P<0.001) before declining to 51.2% in 2011 to 2012. Modifiable factor(s) significant in multivariable logistic regression modeling include: (1) increasing body mass index with prevalent hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 1.44); (2) lack of health insurance (OR, 1.68) and <2 healthcare visits per year (OR, 4.24) with untreated hypertension; (3) healthcare insurance (OR, 1.69), ≥2 healthcare visits per year (OR, 3.23), and cholesterol treatment (OR, 1.90) with controlled hypertension.The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2012 analysis suggests that Healthy People 2020 goals for hypertension ([1] prevalence shows no progress, [2] treatment was exceeded, and [3] control) have flattened below target. Findings are consistent with evidence that (1) obesity prevention and treatment could reduce prevalent hypertension, and (2) healthcare insurance, ≥2 healthcare visits per year, and guideline-based cholesterol treatment could improve hypertension control.
Methotrexate inhibits proliferation and regulation of the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: E. Yamasaki, Y. Soma, Y. Kawa, M. Mizoguchi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

The mechanism by which a low dose of methotrexate (MTX) works to treat psoriasis is not clear. The overexpression of cell adhesion molecules on dermal vessels is important in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and is probably induced by upregulation of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.To determine the effects of MTX at concentrations comparable with in vivo levels after the administration of low-dose MTX to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on the growth and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).Cell proliferation assay, immunostaining, immunoblotting, cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed to examine the effects of MTX on HUVEC.MTX inhibited the proliferation of HUVEC at 10-7 mol L-1 and 10-6 mol L-1 without showing cytotoxic effects. It also inhibited TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression by HUVEC at 10-6 mol L-1. The inhibitory effect of MTX was more pronounced on ICAM-1 expression than on VCAM-1 expression. RT-PCR analysis revealed that TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 gene expression was strongly downregulated by MTX.Low-dose MTX may act on psoriasis by suppressing the TNF-alpha-induced expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 by vascular endothelial cells. Inhibition of neovascularization may be another mechanism of action of MTX.
Proton pump inhibitors have no measurable effect on calcium and bone metabolism in healthy young males: A prospective matched controlled study
Authors: Ala I. Sharara, Mustapha M. El-Halabi, Ola A. Ghaith, Robert H. Habib, Nabil M. Mansour, Ahmad Malli, Ghada El Hajj-Fuleihan
Journal: Metabolism (2012)
Involvement of IL-9 in the bronchial phenotype of patients with nasal polyposis
Authors: Anne Tsicopoulos, Ayako Shimbara, Patricia de Nadai, Oday Aldewachi, Catherine Lamblin, Philippe Lassalle, Andrew F Walls, Stéphanie Sénéchal, Roy C Levitt, Jean Darras, Qutayba Hamid, Benoît Wallaert
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
A Bacteriological Investigation of the Suppurative Discharge Occurring as a Complication in Scarlet Fever
Authors: F. R. Blaxall
Journal: BMJ (1894)

Before recording my own results, I will briefly give an abstract of some of the more important researches of other observers which bear upon this subject.It is evident that this class of cases presents us with an association and causa- tive relation of two processes which may be distinct and independent.Thus I shall endeavour to separate the literature on these subjects into three parts, taking first that which relates to the scarlatinal process per se; secondly, that which deals with the bacteriology of otitis media, both acute and chronic; and, thirdly, that which relates to the combination of the two processes, as in my own cases.I.-THE BACTERIOLOGY OF SCARLET FEvER.The specific pathogenesic nature of Klein's' micrococcus or Edington's2 bacillus has not been established.Crooke3 discovered cocci in various parts of the body in scarlatinal cases, and Fraenkel and Freudenberg,4 in three cases, noticed
Landmark article Feb 23, 1924: Roentgenologic examination of the gallbladder. Preliminary report of a new method utilizing the intravenous injection of tetrabromphenolphthalein. By Evarts A. Graham and Warren H. Cole
Authors: E. A. Graham
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The revolutionary effect on the diagnosis of gastrointestinal conditions which was made possible by the use of the opaque meal has given rise repeatedly to the idea that if, by some means, an opaque substance could be safely introduced into the gallbladder so that its contour could be seen with the roentgen ray, the diagnosis of many obscure and doubtful cases of cholecystitis might be made easy and accurate. To fulfil the necessary practical requirements, the opaque substance must be something that is excreted into the bile after being injected either subcutaneously or intravenously or after being given by mouth; and, furthermore, it must be devoid of toxic effects when used in the concentrations necessary for the shadow of gallbladder to be seen. The extensive use of various dyes in the search for a test of liver function has revealed the fact that certain ones are excreted almost entirely into
Dangerous Diagnostics: The Social Power of Biological Information
Authors: David Mark
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic and the numerous controversies surrounding testing for human immunodeficiency virus have loudly and prominently displayed the main issues of this book. We have had serious debates on confidentiality, employment rights, eligibility for insurance, screening of various populations (military recruits, marriage license applicants), testing for research and epidemiology, and, recently, testing for early treatment. Never has it been so powerfully shown that testing can serve multiple uses for different institutions and that these institutions and purposes are often in conflict with each other and with the rights of individuals. The authors' stated main purpose is to extend this discussion to new developments in genetic and psychiatric testing, such as DNA testing and positron emission tomography. Such tests may lead to better understanding of disease and cure, but they may also subject people to discrimination and exclusion. In addition to describing some of these tests and their
Genome-wide association study identifies a locus at 7p15.2 associated with endometriosis
Authors: Jodie N Painter, Carl A Anderson, Dale R Nyholt, Stuart Macgregor, Jianghai Lin, Sang Hong Lee, Ann Lambert, Zhen Z Zhao, Fenella Roseman, Qun Guo, Scott D Gordon, Leanne Wallace, Anjali K Henders, Peter M Visscher, Peter Kraft, Nicholas G Martin, Andrew P Morris, Susan A Treloar, Stephen H Kennedy, Stacey A Missmer, Grant W Montgomery, Krina T Zondervan
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Plasma Catechol Amine Concentrations in Myocardial Infarction and Angina Pectoris
Authors: P. C. GAZES, J. A. RICHARDSON, E. F. WOODS
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Urinary catechol amines have been shown to be increased in a few cases of acute myocardial infarction. The present study shows that patients with acute myocardial infarction and with angina pectoris (after exercise) have an increase in plasma catechol amines as compared to normal subjects before and after exercise and as compared to patients with noncardiac types of pain. The significance of these findings is discussed.