tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disappearing teaspoons: Teabags and forks are confounding factors
Authors: Alan A Woodall
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Good quality monitoring is crucial for informed choiceEditor-In accordance with the patient choice scheme, all 303 primary care trusts in England were obliged from January 2005 to offer patients a choice of at least two providers for cataract surgery. 1 The scheme allows patients to be involved in how, where, and when they are treated.Providers can be NHS trusts, diagnostic and treatment centres, or independent sector providers from the UK or overseas.By February 2005 13 000 extra operations had already been performed under the independent sector treatment programme. 2However, concern was raised about variations in clinical safety between different providers. 3 We sent a postal questionnaire to the leaders of patient choice for each of the primary care trusts in England asking how they monitor the quality of care from their providers.The table shows the replies from 125 trusts.The quality monitoring of providers by primary care trusts is poorly structured and variable.Who then should monitor standards and what variables should they use?Traditionally, NHS providers have used audit and clinical governance to measure their performance.Should it now be the role of the Strategic Health Authority, the provider, or the purchaser in the form of primary care trusts to monitor the product offered to the patient?Information technology exists to collect accurate data about adverse events in addition to visual acuity and refractive outcomes.The public expect that safe cataract care should be commissioned for them, 4 and robust methods of monitoring need to be agreed and implemented so that patients can make a truly informed choice.These decisions need to be made not only for cataract surgery but also for other elective procedures that will increasingly be made available to patients through the patient choice scheme.
Peripheral arterial disease: still on the periphery?
Authors: Belch Jill, Gerry Stansby
Journal: BMJ (2006)

ABSTRACT. Diets enriched with fish oil may favorably affect the vascular perturbations underlying synthetic graft thrombosis. Therefore, these studies were designed to test the hypothesis that diets enriched with fish oil would decrease the incidence of thrombosis in newly constructed polytetrafluorethylene grafts. A double-blind, randomized trial was conducted. Twenty-four patients were randomized to receive 4000 mg of fish oil or 4000 mg of control oil. Both preparations were enriched with antioxidants and deodorized with peppermint. Patients began therapy within 2 wk after graft placement and were monitored for 12 mo or until thrombosis developed. With a permuted-block randomization schedule, 12 patients received fish oil and 12 patients received control oil. The primary patency rates at 365 d were 14.9% for the control group and 75.6% for the fish oil-treated group. Survival analysis revealed a significant difference between fish oil-treated and untreated patients (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.03, Mantel-Cox test), with a power of 90%. Moreover, analysis of covariables, including age of ≥50 yr, gender, race, body weight, diabetes mellitus, bleeding times, and lipid profiles, indicated that this effect occurred principally as a result of fish oil administration. Importantly, fish oil treatment also decreased venous outflow resistance and systemic BP, compared with control values. Fish oils possess unique biologic properties that favorably affect the incidence of polytetrafluorethylene graft thrombosis, and they thus represent a potential treatment strategy for the prevention of access thrombosis.
The Humanities in Medicine
Authors: JOANNE TRAUTMANN BANKS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1985The Humanities in MedicineJOANNE TRAUTMANN BANKS, Ph.D., K. DANNER CLOUSER, Ph.D., ROBERT L. SEVENSKY, Ph.D., STEVEN STOWE, Ph.D., E. A. VASTYAN, B.D., ARTHUR ZUCKER, M.A.JOANNE TRAUTMANN BANKS, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, K. DANNER CLOUSER, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT L. SEVENSKY, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, STEVEN STOWE, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. A. VASTYAN, B.D.Search for more papers by this author, ARTHUR ZUCKER, M.A.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-2-270_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Students of the humanities are indebted to Kenneth S. Warren for his attempt to spot the "mirages" of medical humanities education (1). It is especially interesting that medical school applicants whose majors are in the humanities have a relatively higher acceptance rate than that of students (still a far greater number) majoring in the natural sciences.We believe, however, another mirage or two may be shimmering between the lines of Dr. Warren's brief discussion. One is his unexamined notion that the humanities in a medical school curriculum are best described as "compensatory" or "remedial" with respect to...References1. WARREN K. The humanities in medical education. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:697-701. LinkGoogle Scholar2. . Physicians for the twenty-first century. J Med Educ. 1984;59(11 pt 2):1-208. Google Scholar3. HUTH E. The humanities, science, and the medical curriculum [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:864-5. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Hershey, PA 17033 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1985Volume 102, Issue 2Page: 270-270KeywordsMedical educationMedical ethics, humanities, and education Issue Published: 1 February 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Intensive glucose control increased mortality and did not prevent cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Victor M. Montori, German Malaga
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

ACP Journal Club16 September 2008Intensive glucose control increased mortality and did not prevent cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetesVictor M. Montori, MD, MSc, German Malaga, MDVictor M. Montori, MD, MScMayo Clinic,, Rochester, Minnesota, USA (V.M.M.)Search for more papers by this author, German Malaga, MDUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru (G.M.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-6-200809160-02007 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationThe Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2545-59. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18539917Clinical Impact RatingsEndocrinology: References1 Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321:405-12. [PMID: 10938048] Google Scholar2 Montori VM, Permanyer-Miralda G, Ferreira-González I, et al. Validity of composite end points in clinical trials. BMJ. 2005;330:594-6. [PMID: 15761002] Google Scholar3 Montori VM, Devereaux PJ, Adhikari NK, et al. Randomized trials stopped early for benefit: a systematic review. JAMA. 2005;294:2203-9. [PMID: 16264162] Google Scholar4 Singh S, Loke YK, Furberg CD. Long-term risk of cardiovascular events with rosiglitazone: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2007;298:1189-95. [PMID: 17848653] Google Scholar5 Shichiri M, Kishikawa H, Ohkubo Y, Wake N. Long-term results of the Kumamoto Study on optimal diabetes control in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 2000;Supp 2:B21-9. [PMID: 10860187] Google Scholar6 Gaede P, Lund-Andersen H, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:580-91. [PMID: 18256393] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Victor M. Montori, MD, MSc; German Malaga, MDAffiliations: Mayo Clinic,, Rochester, Minnesota, USA (V.M.M.)Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru (G.M.)This article was published at Annals.org on 2 September 2008. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoIntensive glucose control did not prevent important complications in type 2 diabetes Victor M. Montori , German Malaga Metrics 16 September 2008Volume 149, Issue 6 Page: JC3-7 Keywords Cardiovascular disease risk Cardiovascular diseases Glucose HbA1c Hemoglobin Hypoglycemia Medical risk factors Mortality Myocardial infarction Type 2 diabetes ePublished: 16 September 2008 Issue Published: 16 September 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Operations for hernia and varicose veins in a day-bed unit.
Authors: I A Goulbourne, C V Ruckley
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Over eight years (1970-8) 1055 patients underwent operations for hernia or "major" varicose veins in a day-bed unit. Here, 608 were discharged home on the day of operation, 262 were transferred to a convalescent hospital for 48 hours, and 161 were retained in the acute ward as part of a controlled trial. Special emphasis was placed on selection and preadmission screening. Failure of planning was uncommon in that only 2.5% were detained in hospital and 1% had to be readmitted. About one-quarter of the patients had complications but these were generally trivial and were satisfactorily treated by the community nursing sisters or general practitioners, or both. Analysis of the total operations for hernia or varicose veins in the unit over the past 19 years shows that, whereas formerly all patients with these conditions were admitted to the main surgical ward, nowadays almost all are managed either by day care or in a five-day ward.
Genetic Variation in Base Excision Repair Genes and the Prevalence of Advanced Colorectal Adenoma
Authors: Sonja I. Berndt, Wen-Yi Huang, M. Daniele Fallin, Kathy J. Helzlsouer, Elizabeth A. Platz, Joel L. Weissfeld, Timothy R. Church, Robert Welch, Stephen J. Chanock, Richard B. Hayes
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Base excision repair (BER) corrects DNA damage caused by oxidative stress and low folate intake, which are putative risk factors for colorectal neoplasia. To examine the relationship between genetic variation in BER genes and colorectal adenoma risk, we conducted a case-control study of 767 cases of advanced colorectal adenoma and 773 controls from the baseline screening exam of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Cases included participants diagnosed with advanced left-sided adenoma, and controls were subjects without evidence of a left-sided polyp by sigmoidoscopy, frequency-matched to cases on race and gender. Twenty single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in four BER genes (APEX1, PARP1, POLB, and XRCC1), and conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association with colorectal adenoma. Two variants with possible functional significance were associated with risk. The APEX1 51H variant was associated with a borderline significant decreased risk of colorectal adenoma (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44–1.00), and the XRCC1 399Q variant was inversely associated with risk among Caucasians (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.64–0.99). Homozygotes at two PARP1 loci (A284A and IVS13+118G&amp;gt;A) were also associated with a decreased risk of colorectal adenoma compared with wild-type carriers (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.49–0.98 for both), which was restricted to advanced adenomas displaying histologically aggressive characteristics (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.33–0.78, P = 0.002 for PARP1 A284A). This study suggests that polymorphisms in APEX1, XRCC1, and PARP1 may be associated with advanced colorectal adenoma. [Cancer Res 2007;67(3):1395–404]
Relationships of Thyroid Hormones with Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Dioxins, Furans, and DDE in Adults
Authors: Mary E. Turyk, Henry A. Anderson, Victoria W. Persky
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Thyroid hormone homeostasis can be disrupted by exposure to ubiquitous and bioaccumulative organochlorines such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Whereas investigations of health effects have generally focused on human populations with relatively high exposures through occupation, accident, or high fish consumption, general population exposures may also carry risk.We studied associations of total thyroxine (T(4)) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with PCBs, dioxin-like toxic equivalents (TEQs), and p,p'-diphenyldichloroethene (DDE) in adult participants without thyroid disease who participated in the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey examining a random sample representative of the U.S. population.We found inverse associations of total T(4) with exposure to TEQs in both sexes, with stronger associations in females. In women, mean T(4) was 8.2 microg/dL, and levels were on average 0.75 microg/dL lower (95% confidence interval, 0.04-1.46) in women in the highest quintile of TEQ exposure compared with the lowest two quintiles. Effects were stronger in people > 60 years of age, with negative associations of T(4) with PCBs and TEQs, and positive associations of TSH with PCBs and TEQs in older women, and a negative association of TSH with PCBs in older men.The data show a dose-dependent decrease in total T(4) with exposure to TEQs at levels similar to those found in the general U.S. population. The effects were stronger in women. The results suggest that older adults, who have a high risk of thyroid disease, may be more at risk for disruption of thyroid hormone homeostasis by dioxin-like organochlorines than younger adults.
Interferon joins attack on severe laryngeal papilloma
Authors: Elizabeth Chappell White
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Jennifer, a 3-year-old from Memphis, had laryngeal papilloma of such severity that she required laser surgery every two or three weeks.  Tracey, 5 years old, was being treated for asthma in Kansas City and nearly died of asphyxia before laryngeal papilloma was diagnosed. A tracheotomy had to be performed.  Chris, 24 years old, is an unusually old laryngeal papilloma patient living in St Louis. He had endured countless laryngoscopies and surgical procedures throughout his life, with little hope for a better existence.  Until now. These patients are participants in a multi-institutional study to determine the effects of a synthetic interferon-α (Wellferon—made by Burroughs Wellcome Co) in the treatment of laryngeal papilloma. All have shown improvement. Jennifer, in fact, can go more than twice as long between surgeries; after two months, she is only beginning to show signs of relapse.  The coordinating center for the study is at the Johns Hopkins
Differential expression of human telomerase catalytic subunit mRNA by In situ hybridization in pheochromocytomas
Authors: Zuojie Luo, Jianling Li, Yinfen Qin, Yan Ma, Xinghuan Liang, Jing Xian, Decheng Lu, Minyi Wei, Jack Y. Yang, Mary Qu Yang, Zhiheng He
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2006)
Interindividual Variation in Distribution of Extramural Ganglion Cells in the Male Pelvis: A Semi-Quantitative and Immunohistochemical Study Concerning Nerve-Sparing Pelvic Surgery
Authors: Atsushi Takenaka, Michihiro Kawada, Gen Murakami, Shinichi Hisasue, Taiji Tsukamoto, Masato Fujisawa
Journal: European Urology (2005)
Evidence for Success of Exercise in Weight Loss and Control
Authors: Steven N. Blair
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Physically active men and women may be less likely than their sedentary peers to become overweight. Caloric restriction in overweight persons produces larger weight losses than does exercise, although more of the weight loss by dieting is from lean body mass. The addition of exercise to diet intervention produces more weight loss than does dieting alone. Exercise has a favorable effect on body fat distribution, with a reduction in waist-to-hip ratio with increased exercise. Exercise is especially important in maintaining weight loss in overweight persons. Several prospective studies have shown that overweight men and women who are active and fit have lower rates of morbidity and mortality than overweight persons who are sedentary and unfit. Therefore, exercise is of benefit to overweight persons, even if it does not make them lean. Exercise is recommended as an important part of a weight control program.
Significance of Right Anterior Insula Activity for Mental Health Intervention
Authors: Charles H. Tegeler, Sung W. Lee, Hossam A. Shaltout
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Splanchnic and extrasplanchic arterial hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Tadashi Iwao, Kazuhiko Oho, Teruhiro Sakai, Chizuru Tayama, Masahiro Sato, Ryohichi Nakano, Makoto Yamawaki, Atsushi Toyonaga, Kyuichi Tanikawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Meteorological Journal: Kept at Sidmouth
Authors: W. H. Cullen
Journal: BMJ (1843)

difference in structure between voluntary and involuntary muscles. 5. By what mechanism is air introduced inlto and expelled from the lungs in respiration ?Enumerate the muscles which are constantly, and those which are only occasionally, employed in inspiration and expiration.Tuesday, August 8.-Morning, 10 to 1.
Microsurgery: Through the Looking Glass
Authors: Rollin K. Daniel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

MICROSURGERY may be broadly defined as surgery performed under the magnification provided by an operating microscope.1 Although Nylén used a simple monocular microscope in patients in 1921, microsurgical technics have only been employed in most surgical specialties within the past two decades.2 The initial proponents of microsurgery were otolaryngologists who found magnification essential for operating within the restrictive (1 cm2) confines of the middle ear. Subsequently, ophthalmologists became dependent on microsurgical technics for repair and reconstruction of deformities within the eye's anterior chamber.3 In the 1960's, Jacobson4 , 5 used microscopical technics to repair blood vessels less than 2 mm in . . .
ADSORPTION AND MATURATION OF POLIOVIRUS IN SINGLY AND MULTIPLY INFECTED H<scp>E</scp>L<scp>A</scp> CELLS
Authors: James E. Darnell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1958)

Studies with polio-infected HeLa cells using cell disruption techniques during the early stages of infection have shown that: The inoculum of poliovirus adsorbed on HeLa cells is largely inactivated. Infective virus accumulates in a monolayer sheet of cells in advance of release into the medium. The eclipse period is shorter in multiply infected cells than in those infected with a single particle.
Gifted and black?
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Cerebral ischemia is due to either embolic or cerebrovascular occlusive disease, which most commonly occurs as a manifestation of atherosclerosis. Although carotid endarterectomy has been proven more effective than medical therapy in the treatment of cervical carotid disease, there are no effective surgical strategies for the management of vertebral artery or intracranial carotid disease. Management of patients with these conditions is well suited to a multidisciplinary team with the combined skills to provide optimal care. Percutaneous revascularization techniques with balloon angioplasty and stenting can be used to successfully treat occlusive disease of the vertebral and intracranial arteries. Percutaneous revascularization of intracranial and vertebral vessels with angioplasty and stenting is an effective strategy. The outcomes in this difficult to manage cohort of patients appears to be markedly improved over the natural history of this disease with medical therapy alone.
Endoscopic Lesions in Crohn's Disease early after Ileocecal Resection
Authors: G. N. J. Tytgat, C. J. J. Mulder, W. H. Brummelkamp
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

Fifty patients with Crohn's disease were studied endoscopically 6 weeks to 6 months (median 9 weeks) after ileocecal or ileocolonic resection for evidence of non-resected abnormality. Only 8 of the 50 patients were endoscopically free of abnormalities. Microscopic examination of the surgical specimen revealed inflammatory pathology at the site of resection line in 30 patients. Of the latter, 27 had endoscopic lesions at the anastomosis or in the "neoterminal" ileum. Of the 42 patients with endoscopic lesions only 8 had minor biochemical abnormalities. This study suggests that the well known reappearance of inflammatory activity after resection, especially at and proximal to the anastomosis, develops from foci of remaining inflammation and should be considered as recrudescence of the disease rather than true recurrence.
1113. Spliceosome Mediated RNA Trans-Splicing (SMaRT™) Strategy To Increase the Production of Human Apolipoprotein (ApoA1)
Authors: M. Puttaraju, Jun Wang, Alan T. Remaley, Bryan H. Brewer, Gerard J. McGarrity, Mariano A. Garcia-Blanco
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death in Western societies, and its worldwide prevalence is increasing. A very strong predictor of CVD risk is the plasma concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or of its major protein component, ApoA-1. HDL and ApoA-1 levels exhibit an inverse relationship with the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease1,2,3 and exogenous ApoA1 and HDL protect against atherosclerosis and plaque development 4,5,6,7. The present study was undertaken to determine if RNA trans-splicing could be used to increase blood levels of human ApoA-1 (hApoA1). To this end we targeted a pre-trans-splicing molecule (PTM) encoding human ApoA1 to the highly abundant albumin pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA). Trans-splicing between the PTM and the albumin pre-mRNA results in the production of human ApoA1 protein with two residual albumin amino acids. This fusion protein was expressed, processed and secreted as well as authentic hApoA1 and indeed the fusion protein had full activity in ATP-binding cassette transporter protein (ABC1)-mediated transfer of cellular cholesterol efflux assays.