tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Treatment of Hyperthyroidism
Authors: John B. Stanbury
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Your editorialist reaches this conclusion: "In the present state of our knowledge surgical thyroidectomy appears to offer significant advantages over any other form of treatment." He dismissed the complication of surgery with the statement that "recent reports from many centers list many thousands of consecutive operations for hyperthyroidism with no mortality and extremely low morbidity and complication rates." We are correctly quoted as having written, "The complications of myxedema after<sup>131</sup>I therapy cannot be dismissed as trivial and may indeed imply morbidity and mortality rates higher than those of surgical thyroidectomy for the same patient" (<i>New Eng J Med</i><b>271</b>:195, 1964). We would like to quote further from our own paper: "Each kind of treatment has its own advantages and disadvantages, and a choice among them requires a careful assessment of all the information available as well as a sure appraisal of the patient." This
TCT-75 Lumen Enlargement of the Coronary Segments Located Distal to Chronic Total Occlusions Successfully Treated with Drug-Eluting Stents at Follow-up
Authors: Josep Gomez Lara, Luis Teruel, Silvia Homs, José Luis Ferreiro, Rafael Romaguera, Gerard Roura, Guillermo Sánchez-Elvira, Salvatore Brugaletta, Joan Antoni Gomez-Hospital, Angel Cequier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Pathological Aspects and Spread of Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: F. K. Mostofi
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The urinary bladder is the most easily accessible of the internal organs; its normal histologic charracteristics are quite simple, and most of its tumors are of epithelial origin. Yet, regrettably, there are no generally accepted pathological criteria for the diagnosis of malignancy, and there is no unanimity on a standard pathological classification or nomenclature of these tumors. What is designated as a papilloma by one pathologist may be called a urothelioma or a urothelial, papillary, transitional cell, or squamous cell carcinoma by others.<sup>11</sup>It has been impossible to assess the results of various forms of therapy or to compare epidemiologic, survival, mortality, or other data. It is the purpose of this communication to review the areas of disagreement and to propose a tumor classification of clinicopathologic value. <h3>Criteria for the Diagnosis of Carcinoma of the Bladder</h3> Although 97% of tumors of the bladder are of epithelial origin, and, in
Cosmetics and drugs Is there a need for a third group: cospeceutics?
Authors: A.P.M. Lavrijsen, B.J. Vermeer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Cosmetics and drugs Is there a need for a third group: cospeceutics? Get access A.P.M. Lavrijsen, A.P.M. Lavrijsen Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Rijnsburgerweg 10, 2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.J. Vermeer B.J. Vermeer Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Rijnsburgerweg 10, 2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 124, Issue 5, 1 May 1991, Pages 503–504, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb00636.x Published: 01 May 1991
Improving acne keloidalis nuchae with targeted ultraviolet B treatment: a prospective, randomized, split‐scalp comparison study
Authors: G.A. Okoye, B.M. Rainer, S.G. Leung, H.S. Suh, J.H. Kim, A.M. Nelson, L.A. Garza, A.L. Chien, S. Kang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Background Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) is a chronic scarring folliculitis with fibrotic papules on the occipital scalp. Its treatment is limited and unsatisfactory. Objectives To determine whether targeted ultraviolet B (tUVB) phototherapy will (i) improve the clinical appearance of AKN and (ii) induce extracellular matrix remodelling in affected lesions. Methods Eleven patients with AKN were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, split-scalp comparison study. One randomly selected side of the scalp was treated with tUVB up to three times weekly for 8 weeks. After week 8, both sides were treated for eight additional weeks. Assessment included lesion counts in two 3 × 3-cm regions of interest (ROIs), one on each side of the scalp (ROI-1: tUVB weeks 0–16, ROI-2: tUVB weeks 9–16), patient self-assessment and analysis of MMP1, MMP9, TGFB1 and COL1A1 mRNA expression by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Before treatment, the mean lesion count was similar between tUVB-treated and untreated sides (14·8 vs. 15·0). After 8 weeks of tUVB, the mean lesion count decreased significantly to 9·4 ± 1·2 (P = 0·03), with no change on the untreated side. With continued treatment, the mean lesion count in ROI-1 decreased further to 7 ± 1·5 (P = 0·04) after 16 weeks of tUVB. Conclusions tUVB significantly improved the clinical appearance of AKN, led to patient satisfaction and was well tolerated.
Lung Cancer Producing Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Rapid Spreading to Peritoneal Cavity
Authors: Kyoichi Kaira, Takahiro Ishizuka, Hiroto Tanaka, Yoshiki Tanaka, Noriko Yanagitani, Noriaki Sunaga, Takeshi Hisada, Tamotsu Ishizuka, Masatomo Mori
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
A bis-Benzylidine Piperidone Targeting Proteasome Ubiquitin Receptor RPN13/ADRM1 as a Therapy for Cancer
Authors: Ravi K. Anchoori, Balasubramanyam Karanam, Shiwen Peng, Joshua W. Wang, Rosie Jiang, Toshihiko Tanno, Robert Z. Orlowski, William Matsui, Ming Zhao, Michelle A. Rudek, Chien-fu Hung, Xiang Chen, Kylie J. Walters, Richard B.S. Roden
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
Most GPs would consider resigning from NHS
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Over half of the United Kingdom's 36000 GPs would consider resigning from their NHS contract if the BMA were unable to secure new and acceptable contracts and negotiating rights for all GPs.

There was a 66% response rate in a ballot organised by the BMA's General Practitioners Committee (GPC); 86% of respondents said that they would consider resigning in April 2002 if a satisfactory outcome was not reached by then. This means that 56% of all GP principals in the United Kingdom …
A STRIKING ANALOGY BETWEEN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF ANIMALS AND THAT OF PLANTS.
Authors: EDWARD DAVIES McDANIEL
Journal: JAMA (1898)

There is a unity of plan in the anatomy and physiology of plants and animals that affords one of the most striking, most forcible and most beautiful of the evidences of the unity of nature. This unity of plan, in addition to its great but overlooked importance in comparative anatomy and physiology, is also of so great consequence and utility in human physiology and dietetics as to demand from physicians constant consideration and utilization. It is so plain and easy to be understood, that it may be rapidly and satisfactorily traced, in the following illustration from plant to man, by going from left to right, or from man to plant, by going from right to left. All that is needed here is to start at the man, as every hearer will desire the pleasure of returning by himself back to the plant. The tree, as is seen, ends above in
Medicine in Society: Historical Essays
Authors: Ronald L. Numbers
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In 1936 Richard Harrison Shryock, one of the first professionally trained historians to write about medicine, brought out The Development of Modern Medicine , a survey of the subject from about 1600 to the early 20th century. Despite the efflorescence of medical history during the past several decades, Shryock's pioneering text (revised in 1947) has remained in many respects the best introduction we have. For whatever reason— whether from lack of courage or vision— medical historians have shied away from the daunting task of surveying their field. Thus, the few attempts to provide comprehensive treatments have usually come from persons untrained in medical history, with predictable results. To fill the pressing need for an up-to-date synthesis of scholarship in the history of medicine, the British historian of medicine Andrew Wear invited 11 colleagues to collaborate with him in exploring  medicine has affected society and how society has shaped medicine.  To
BMP signaling controls muscle mass
Authors: Roberta Sartori, Elija Schirwis, Bert Blaauw, Sergia Bortolanza, Jinghui Zhao, Elena Enzo, Amalia Stantzou, Etienne Mouisel, Luana Toniolo, Arnaud Ferry, Sigmar Stricker, Alfred L Goldberg, Sirio Dupont, Stefano Piccolo, Helge Amthor, Marco Sandri
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
The Use of Propofol and Mivacurium Anesthetic Technique for the Immediate Postoperative Adjustment of Sutures in Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Jane B. Ward, Arysol S. Niffenegger, C. William Lavin, Martin A. Acquadro, David K. Ahern, Paula V. Smith, Craig A. McKeown
Journal: Ophthalmology (1995)
Endovaginal Ultrasound to Exclude Endometrial Cancer and Other Endometrial Abnormalities
Authors: Rebecca Smith-Bindman, Karla Kerlikowske, Vickie A. Feldstein, Leslee Subak, Juergen Scheidler, Mark Segal, Richard Brand, Deborah Grady
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding is a common clinical problem. Endovaginal ultrasound (EVUS) is a noninvasive diagnostic test that may help determine which women should undergo endometrial biopsy.To determine the accuracy of EVUS in detecting endometrial disease in postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding according to hormone replacement use.Literature search of English-language and non-English-language articles published from 1966 through November 1996 using MEDLINE and by a manual search of bibliographies of published articles.Studies were included if they prospectively collected EVUS measurements of endometrial thickness prior to obtaining endometrial tissue for histologic evaluation in postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding. Of 85 studies that included data on EVUS and endometrial histology, 35 were included in the meta-analysis and included 5892 women.Articles were reviewed and independently selected and abstracted by 2 reviewers. Disagreement was resolved by consensus.The overall summary mean weighted estimates of sensitivity and specificity were calculated for thresholds of endometrial thickness from 3 to 10 mm. Using a 5-mm threshold to define abnormal endometrial thickening, 96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 94%-98%) of women with cancer had an abnormal EVUS result, whereas 92% (95% CI, 90%-93%) of women with endometrial disease (cancer, polyp, or atypical hyperplasia) had an abnormal result. This did not vary by hormone replacement use. However, the number of women with normal histology who had an abnormal EVUS result did vary by hormone replacement use. In women who were not using hormone replacement therapy, 593 (8%) with normal histological findings had an abnormal EVUS result (specificity, 92%; 95% CI, 90%-94%), whereas 1544 (23%) using hormone replacement therapy had an abnormal EVUS result (specificity, 77%; 95% CI, 75%-79%). For a postmenopausal woman with vaginal bleeding with a 10% pretest probability of endometrial cancer, her probability of cancer is 1% following a normal EVUS result.Endovaginal ultrasound has a high sensitivity for detecting endometrial cancer and other endometrial disease and can reliably identify postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding who are highly unlikely to have significant endometrial disease so that endometrial sampling may be unnecessary.
Ground Rules of Specialization and Advanced Education in Medicine
Authors: Wright Adams
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE TITLE of this discourse struck me as somewhat unusual when it was assigned to me. I am not accustomed to thinking of ground rules in connection with specialization or education. The title was not changed, in spite of an invitation to do so, for, on second thought, the phrase "ground rules" seemed a fortunate one. When one thinks of ground rules in connection with a sport, the implication is that they are local ground rules and may vary from place to place, depending on local conditions. Medical specialties and specialist training is becoming increasingly formalized, and standards are being raised. However, the problems of the different specialties are different, and each one requires different standards. Ground rules therefore seems a good term to describe these diverse standards generally. Further, the facilities and capabilities of different advanced educational centers vary, and it is important that we do not force different
The Bizarre Stiff Hip
Authors: Jan W. Duncan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Idiopathic chondrolysis of the hip is characterized by pain and limp in adolescence, with progressive loss of articular cartilage space and stiffness of the hip. In our five cases, the best results were obtained in those patients immobilized in a position of function. Those cases in which range-of-motion exercises were carried out resulted in ankylosis in a position of excessive flexion.
A novel mutation of the extracellular matrix protein 1 gene (ECM1) in a patient with lipoid proteinosis (Urbach-Wiethe disease) from Sicily
Authors: I. Lupo, A.B. Cefalu, M.R. Bongiorno, O. Daniele, V. Valenti, D. Noto, R. Camarda, G. Savettieri, M. Arico, M.R. Averna
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Lipoid proteinosis (LP), also known as Urbach-Wiethe disease, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a hoarse voice, warty skin infiltration and scarring. Mutations within the extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) gene cause LP.We report the molecular analysis of the ECM1 gene in a Sicilian patient with LP in order to extend the mutation spectrum of this genodermatosis.We studied a 32-year-old female born from consanguineous parents who was diagnosed at the age of 11 years as having LP. She has a clinical phenotype corresponding to Urbach-Wiethe disease characterized by papules/nodules, indurated plaques and sometimes ulcerated lesions primarily involving the skin and mucous membranes, and extracutaneous features such as epilepsy, hoarseness of the voice and neuropsychiatric abnormalities. Samples of clinically affected skin obtained by biopsies were analysed after staining with haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and PAS-diastase. The whole ECM1 gene was analysed by direct sequencing.We identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in exon 6 of the ECM1 gene, C589T (Q197Ter).Over 60% of mutations occur in exons 6 and 7. Exon 7 is alternatively spliced and frameshift mutations in exon 7 lead to ablation of the ECM1a transcript, but not the shorter ECM1b transcript that normally lacks this exon. Homozygous nonsense or frameshift mutations in exon 6 are predicted to affect both full-length ECM1a and ECM1b transcripts, whereas ECM1b should be unaffected for similar types of mutation in exon 7. It has been suggested that individuals with mutations in exon 7 have a slightly milder phenotype than those with exon 6 mutations. This is the first report with respect to a novel mutation of the ECM1 gene responsible for recessive LP in Sicily.
OBSERVATIONS ON SOME RECENT CASES OF ORTHODONTIA.
Authors: E A Bogue
Journal: JAMA (1902)

denuded and stitched together by interrupted silkworm- gut sutures.An opening made through the wall of the uterus into the uterine cavity at a point corresponding with the loca- tion of the external meatus and a retention catheter in- serted up through the dilated cervical canal into the bladder.
Cognitive Effects of Marijuana-Reply
Authors: Harrison G. Pope, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —We certainly agree with Drs Scheier and Botvin that heavy marijuana users might have antecedent neuropsychological and behavioral deficits to a greater degree than occasional marijuana users and that this phenomenon could account for the differences observed in our study. In fact, we address this question in detail in our article. However, our analyses controlling for verbal IQ and reported Scholastic Aptitude Test scores both suggested that premorbid deficits were unlikely to account for the differences in cognitive functioning observed. Further, we were unable to detect clear differences between even the heaviest and the lightest marijuana users on a number of psychological and behavioral measures. 1 Similarly, in the other large recent study of the residual cognitive effect of marijuana, 2 an analysis using test scores obtained years earlier, prior to marijuana use, also suggested that premorbid deficits could not account for the findings. Thus, the burden of
INDICATIONS FOR CHOLECYSTECTOMY.
Authors: BYRON B. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1903)

The primary object of every surgical operation is to secure the completest and quickest relief compatible with safety. If it can be shown that in certain specified conditions of the gall bladder cholecystectomy is followed by more perfect restoration to ideal health, by a prompter convalescence, and that the mortality is no greater than in cholecystostomy, my point is made. Cholecystostomy is frequently disappointing, the hoped-for benefits are only partially realized and the patient still has pain. Of my last twenty-eight cholecystostomies, six are known to have pain, not so severe as before the operation, but enough to be a source of worry and inconvenience. This means more than 20 per cent. of failures to accomplish fully what was attempted. Hans Kehr reports that in more than 17 per cent. of his cholecystostomies the relief was only partial. Others report the same disappointing results.
Interstitial ATP and Norepinephrine Concentrations in Active Muscle
Authors: Jianhua Li, Nicholas C. King, Lawrence I. Sinoway
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Sympathetic nervous system activity increases with exercise in normal subjects. Heightened peripheral sympathetic nervous activity and the resultant increased neurovascular levels of norepinephrine (NE) evoke vasoconstriction and serve to maintain blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs. Previous work demonstrated that the interstitial ATP concentrations ([ATP]i) rise in contracting skeletal muscle, and it is known that sympathetic nerves have purinergic P2X receptors. Thus, in this report we tested the hypothesis that elevated ATP would stimulate these receptors and increase interstitial NE concentrations ([NE]i).Muscle interstitial samples were collected from microdialysis probes inserted in the skeletal muscle of rats, and dialysate concentrations of ATP and NE were determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography method. Stretch (0.5 kg of tension) increased [ATP]i by 68% (P<0.05) and [NE]i by 45% (P<0.05) in active muscle. The rise in NEi was linearly linked to the elevated ATPi (r=0.878, P<0.001). [NE]i was also elevated by 76% (P<0.05) after ATP (3 micromol/L) was injected into the arterial blood supply of the hindlimb muscles. The [NE]i response to muscle stretch was blunted after the P2X receptor antagonist pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS) was given. Finally, this response was potentiated by the nucleotidase inhibitor 6-N,N-diethyl-beta-gamma-dibromomethylene-D-adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ARL67156).ATPi released by skeletal muscle during stretch stimulates P2X receptors on the sympathetic nerves and increases the concentration of NEi in the muscle interstitium.
A Device to Increase Humidity in the House in Winter
Authors: Kenneth Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1913)

To the Editor  —The problem of getting enough moisture in the air of our houses in winter has been rather difficult to solve; but after trying many experiments I have hit on a simple device which may be worth passing along.  Some of the various contrivances in the shape of radiator pans are unsightly, and most of them, in my experience, inadequate. Shallow pans placed on top of the radiators are the most effective, but are usually inconvenient and unsightly. The concealed, fluted, deep pans which are made to hang back of the radiators have too small a surface to allow much vaporization, and are poorly heated.  To furnish air fit to breathe, a quart of water transformed into vapor every twenty-four hours is none too much for a room 14 feet square. These pans, as I have seen them used, furnish much less than that am unt.  I have
A Statement on the Generalist Physician From the American Boards of Family Practice and Internal Medicine
Authors: Harry R. Kimball
Journal: JAMA (1994)

PROFOUND change is under way in the health care delivery system for Americans. As our health care system moves to center on the generalist as the primary provider of health services, the acknowledged deficiency in the number of such physicians has emerged as a fundamental concern. The Clinton Health Security Act, the Council on Graduate Medical Education, the Physician Payment Review Commission, and others have called for a near doubling of the output of generalists by the end of the decade. Family physicians and general internists provide the vast majority of adult generalist care and must continue to do so to ensure the highest quality of care for the American public. The American Board of Family Practice (ABFP) and the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) accept their respective roles in meeting this challenge and to this end believe there are many areas in which the two disciplines can more
Palliative Laser Treatment of Malignant Stenoses in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Ch. Ell, J.F. Riemann, G. Lux, L. Demling
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

The present state of palliative laser therapy of inoperable malignant tumor stenoses in the upper gastrointestinal tract is reviewed. Indications, contraindications, several different sources of energy and forms of energy application, as also the various technical procedures, are discussed. Finally, the authors' experience with palliative laser therapy in 62 patients, and the results of an international inquiry covering data obtained in 1,359 patients, are presented.
METHEMALBUMIN. I. APPEARANCE DURING ADMINISTRATION OF PAMAQUINE AND QUININE 12
Authors: Morris Rosenfeld, Charles G. Zubrod, William D. Blake, James A. Shannon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1948)

Hematin was first identified by Schumm (1) as an abnormal constituent of blood plasma occur- ring in certain hemolytic states.The fact that this pigment does not circulate as free hematin but is combined with serum protein was suspected by Heilmeyer (2) on the basis of a displacement of one of the hematin absorption bands in the pres- ence of serum.The serum albumin-hematin com- plex was first adequately described and differenti- ated from methemoglobin by Fairley and Brom- field (3) who studied the pigment in cases of blackwater fever.Fairley (4) named the com- pound "methaemalbumin" and presented a detailed characterization of its spectrophotometric prop- erties, synthesis and chemical behavior.Spectrograms of the pigment as it occurs in serum of pa- tients with blackwater fever were published by Foy and Kondi (5).Fox (6) based an analytical procedure for the estimation of methemalbumin on the intensity of the absorption band at 623 mtt and its response to certain reagents, sodium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide.The nature of the reac- tion between hematin and serum albumin was re- cently examined by J. Keilin (7).The metabolic disposition of methemalbumin is treated in the
Standardization of <i>in vitro</i> methods
Authors: Lars Yman
Journal: Allergy (2001)

IgE-antibody analysis is a major diagnostic procedure and a primary tool in allergological research. The determination of sensitization frequencies and antibody concentrations against allergens of defined sources provides critical information for the estimation of the relative importance of food and environment in clinical allergy. True quantitation is essential and requires assay designs providing allergen excess and mass unit calibration. Standardized and reproducible methods show geographic and culture dependent differences between patient populations and contribute to the quality of diagnosis and treatment of allergic disease.