tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3768: Colorectal cancer risk is not associated with increased levels of homozygosity in a population from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdul K. Siraj, Hanif Khalak, Maha Al-Rasheed, Mehar Sultana, Prashant Bavi, Nasser Al-Sanea, Alaa Abduljabbar, Samar Al Homoud, Luai Ashari, Fouad Al-Dayel, Shahab Uddin, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Autozygosity is a term used to denote the presence of two identical haplotypes that are derived from an ancestor shared by both parents, so it essentially represents a special type of homozygosity. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) in the genome is a measure of the extent of autozygosity and is directly correlated with the extent of inbreeding. While the role of ROH in unmasking recessively acting mutations is well established in Mendelian genetics, much less is known about their contribution to more complex disorders such as cancer. Recently, it has been suggested that ROH may contribute to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) perhaps through the unmasking of a recessively acting CRC-predisposing mutations in one or more genes. However, this observation could not be replicated. In this study, we examine the role of homozygosity in the CRC risk by asking four specific questions. First, do CRC patients have enrichment for ROH in particular chromosomal regions compared to controls? Second, do CRC patients have longer ROH compared to controls? Third, is there a particular SNP that is more likely to be homozygous in CRC patients compared to controls? And fourth, are CRC patients more inbred than controls? By comparing 48 Saudi CRC patients to 100 ethnically matched controls, all processed on Affy 250SytI SNP Chip platform and analyzed by Partek, we found that the answer is no to all these four questions. We note here that this is the first study to address these questions in an inbred population so the negative results in our study carry more significance than what has been previously reported in the literature. We also note that our subgroup analysis of patients with MSI-positive tumors compared to other groups did not significantly change our results. While these results do not rule out the potential presence of recessively acting CRC-predisposing genes in a small percentage of patients that our relatively small sample size could not capture, they do suggest that such genes are unlikely to account for the disturbingly high incidence of CRC in our consanguineous population and that future research should consider other mechanisms. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3768. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3768
Association of endogenous insulin secretion and mode of therapy with body fat and serum leptin levels in diabetic subjects
Authors: Shoichiro Nagasaka, San-e Ishikawa, Tomoatsu Nakamura, Akio Kawakami, Kumiko Rokkaku, Hiroko Hayashi, Ikuyo Kusaka, Minori Higashiyama, Toshikazu Saito
Journal: Metabolism (1998)
Book: Safe Motherhood Initiatives: Critical Issues
Authors: V. S Raleigh
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Eds Marge Berer, T K Sundari Ravindran Reproductive Health Matters, £24, pp 244 ISBN 0 9531210 11 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Differences in maternal mortality constitute the greatest inequality in health between developed and developing countries. About 600 000 women in developing countries die each year from causes related to pregnancy and childbirth, of whom one in six die from an unsafe abortion. Whereas maternal deaths have become rare events in the developed world, pregnancy continues to be unnecessarily hazardous for most poor women in the South, even in countries that have achieved substantial health gains in other areas. The combination of high maternal mortality and high fertility means that … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Radiophosphate Imaging of Regional Migratory Osteoporosis
Authors: SIMON HELFGOTT, HYMAN TANNENBAUM, LEONARD ROSENTHALL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

A patient with regional migratory osteoporosis had somewhat unusual features in that there was involvement of the small joints of the foot demonstrable by 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate joint imaging.
Adefovir Dipivoxil for Chemotherapy-Induced Activation of Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Authors: Francisco Pérez-Roldán, Pedro González-Carro, María Concepción Villafáñez-García
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Adefovir Dipivoxil for Chemotherapy-Induced Activation of Hepatitis B Virus Infectionto the editor: Adefovir dipivoxil is an oral prodrug of adefovir, an analogue of AMP.Adefovir has recently been used for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), resulting in an improvement in liver histology and a reduction in serum HBV DNA. 1 We describe a case of subfulminant HBV infection that was successfully treated with adefovir.A 69-year-old man with prostate adenocarcinoma (stage D2) and bone metastasis had had intermittent cholestasis of unknown origin years earlier.The patient had completed a course of chemotherapy with mitoxantrone and prednisone 30 days before he was admitted to the hospital for asthenia, anorexia, and jaundice.Laboratory tests revealed an international normalized ratio of 1.61, an alanine aminotransferase level of 990 IU per liter, and a total bilirubin level of 10.7 mg per deciliter
Erythroid Cell Maturation and the Control of Hemoglobin A and F Formation.
Authors: Paul A. Marks
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Erythroid Cell Maturation and the Control of Hemoglobin A and F Formation.Paul A. Marks, M.D.Paul A. Marks, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1084_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHemoglobin synthesis by erythroid cells is a useful model for investigating the mechanisms of cell differentiation and maturation. This will be illustrated, first, by describing studies on the role of polyribosomes in protein synthesis and, in particular, the alterations in polyribosome structure and function that occur as these cells mature and lose capacity to make hemoglobin. Secondly, studies on the mechanisms controlling the formation of hemoglobin A and hemoglobin F will be considered. The conversion from hemoglobin F to A formation in late fetal development and from hemoglobin A to F synthesis in erythroid cells of adults with certain hemolytic... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1084-1084KeywordsCell differentiationHemoglobinProtein synthesis Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Urinary oestriol after intra-amniotic injection of oestriol sulphate.
Authors: A. I. Kloppeer, K. J. Dennis, V. Farr
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Post-thrombotic Syndrome-Negus RBAMSH varicose veins in seven.Most patients had relatively normallooking legs apart from some swelling.It must be emphasized that the primary purpose in the treatment of these patients is to relieve pain.The appearance of the leg is of secondary importance.Successful operative relief of venous obstruction results in the relief of " venous claudication " (Cockett, 1967), and, though swelling of the leg is usually little if at all affected,
Cleansing Blood Pipettes.
Authors: George H. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Toledo, Ohio, Nov. 29, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your last issue I read Dr. Benmosche's article describing the use of a camera bulb to cleanse blood pipettes. It may be of some interest to readers ofThe Journalto know that an ordinary rubber ear syringe will be more satisfactory for this purpose, and for many it is more easily obtainable. For some time I have been using one for the same purposes as described by Dr. Benmosche and have found that the end of the pipette fits into the rubber "tit" of the bulb ear syringe better, and with less likelihood of leakage of air and fluid, than with any other bulb I have used.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the head and spine: effective for the clinician or the patient?
Authors: A. K. Dixon, J. P. Southern, A. Teale, C. E. Freer, L. D. Hall, A. Williams, C. Sims
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVES--To test how the results of magnetic resonance imaging influence clinicians9 diagnoses and management plans for patients with cranial and spinal problems and to assess changes in the quality of life of these patients. DESIGN--Survey of patients undergoing cranial and spinal magnetic resonance imaging with questionnaires about diagnoses and intended management plans before and after imaging and quality of life questionnaires at the time of imaging and again four months later. SETTING--Regional magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy unit. SUBJECTS--100 consecutive patients referred for cranial imaging in early 1989; 100 similar patients referred for spinal imaging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Changes in clinicians9 leading diagnoses after magnetic resonance imaging and their confidence in these diagnoses; changes in intended management plans; assessment of the contribution to the future management of the patient; changes in patients9 quality of life. RESULTS--Magnetic resonance imaging altered the clinicians9 leading diagnoses in 35 of 169 (21%) cases. The clinicians became more confident about their leading diagnoses in 90 of 167 (54%). There was a change in management plan in 113 of 182 (62%). The clinicians considered that magnetic resonance imaging made an important contribution to management in 119 of 162 (73%) patients. Overall, the patients9 quality of life was unchanged at the four month assessment. CONCLUSIONS--Magnetic resonance imaging of patients with cranial and spinal problems influences clinicians9 diagnoses and management plans, but the quality of life of these patients remains unchanged.
Hepatitis C-induced hepatic allograft injury is associated with a pretransplantation elevated viral replication rate
Authors: Shawn J. Pelletier, Daniel P. Raymond, Traves D. Crabtree, Carl L. Berg, Julia C. Iezzoni, Young S. Hahn, Robert G. Sawyer, Timothy L. Pruett
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) allograft infection after liver transplantation follows a variable but accelerated course compared with the nontransplantation population. Predictors of outcome and mechanisms of reinfection remain elusive. The accelerated HCV-induced allograft injury associated with a 10- to 20-fold increase in serum viral quantity posttransplantation was hypothesized to be the result of elevated intrahepatic viral replication rates. Patients (N = 23) with HCV-induced end-stage liver disease who underwent liver transplantation between October 1995 and December 1998 were prospectively studied. HCV-induced allograft injury was defined by posttransplantation persistent biochemical hepatitis or allograft fibrosis not explained by other diagnoses. Liver biopsies (N = 92) were obtained by protocol and when clinically indicated. Negative-strand HCV RNA (putative intermediate for replication) was detected by a strand-specific reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and semiquantatively compared with constitutively expressed 18S rRNA. Recipients with increased pretransplantation replication were at increased risk for the development of posttransplantation biochemical hepatitis ( P = .03), an increased rate of allograft fibrosis ( P = .006), and increased mortality rate (40.0% vs. 0.0%; P = .02). There was no correlation with quantities of genomic HCV RNA in the serum with relative intrahepatic viral replication either before or after liver transplantation. The relative rate of HCV replication within the allograft was not elevated in the posttransplantation period compared with that seen within the explanted liver. Accelerated allograft injury caused by HCV may be predicted by viral replication rates within the explanted liver. The stable intrahepatic replication rate after transplantation suggests that elevated serum viral loads are the result of decreased viral clearance, possibly secondary to immunosuppressive therapy.
Domoic Acid Transfer to Milk: Evaluation of a Potential Route of Neonatal Exposure
Authors: Jennifer M. Maucher, John S. Ramsdell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Domoic acid (DA), produced by the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia, is a glutamate analog and a neurotoxin in humans. During diatom blooms, DA can contaminate filter-feeding organisms, such as shellfish, and can be transferred by ingestion to higher trophic levels. Several intoxication events involving both humans and various marine mammals have been attributed to DA. Affected organisms show neurological symptoms such as seizures, ataxia, headweaving, and stereotypic scratching, as well as prolonged deficits in memory and learning. Neonatal animals have been shown to be substantially more sensitive to DA than adults. However, it has not been demonstrated whether DA can be transferred to nursing young from DA-exposed mothers. This study demonstrates transfer of DA from spiked milk (0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg) to the plasma of nursing neonatal rats and an overall longer DA retention in milk than in plasma after 8 hr in exposed dams. DA was detectable in milk up to 24 hr after exposure (1.0 mg/kg) of the mothers, although the amount of DA transferred to milk after exposure was not sufficient to cause acute symptoms in neonates.
P4-01-16: The Influence of CYP2D6 Genetic Polymorphisms on Variability of Tamoxifen Metabolism in the Lebanese Breast Cancer Population.
Authors: A Tfayli, N Zgheib, J Holail, M-Z Habbal, R Halawi, N El-Saghir, Z Salem
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction The selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen is commonly used for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. Tamoxifen needs to be converted by the highly polymorphic enzyme, CYP2D6, to its active metabolites (4-hydroxytamoxifen and endoxifen) to exert its anti-estrogenic effect. Several clinical trials have shown that CYP2D6 poor metabolizers have decreased benefit from tamoxifen compared to extensive metabolizers. Large ethnic variations have been noticed in the frequency and effect of CYP2D6 polymorphisms. Objectives To assess for the frequency of CYP2D6*3, *4, *5 (nonfunctional alleles with *5 being a gene deletion), *41 (reduced functional allele) as well as CYP2D6*x N (allele copy number) in a sample of Lebanese participants receiving maintenance doses of tamoxifen for early stage breast cancer, and to assess the effect of these polymorphisms on tamoxifen metabolism in the same subjects. Methods 111 (median age= 48.7± 8.6years) Lebanese breast cancer women were recruited. Blood for isolation of DNA and measurement of tamoxifen metabolites was collected. CYP2D6 genotyping was performed using real-time PCR. Plasma levels of tamoxifen were being measured using HPLC. Results The allele frequencies of CYP2D6*3, *4, and *41 were 0.9, 15.9 and 12.1 respectively. 18.9% of patients had more than 2 CYP2D6 copies and 9% had only 1 copy. Tamoxifen plasma concentration didn't significantly vary among the 4 phenotypic groups, although a trend was observed whereby PMs had the highest tamoxifen plasma concentrations and UMs had the lowest tamoxifen plasma concentrations (Tamoxifen median plasma concentrations in μg/L: PM=290, IM=210, EM=190 and UM=170). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant variation of Z-tamoxifen plasma concentrations among the phenotypic groups when PMs and IMs were grouped together: Z-tamoxifen median plasma concentrations in μg/L: PM+IM=130, EM=90 and UM=62 (P=0.03). Conclusion This is the first study in the Middle East that evaluates the frequencies of CYP2D6 polymorhisms in a Lebanese breast cancer population and the effect of these polymorphisms on tamoxifen metabolism. We have shown that CYP2D6 phenotype is significantly correlated with Z-tamoxifen levels. PMs and IM group had the highest Z-tamoxifen plasma concentrations; in contrast UMs had the lowest Z-tamoxifen plasma concentrations. Further recruitment and follow up are being performed to assess for the role of these polymorphisms in disease outcome. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-16.
Sequential Chemotherapy with Combination Irinotecan and Cisplatin Followed by Docetaxel for Treatment-Naïve Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tony S.K. Mok, Simon Ho, Gong Chan, Wing-Ming Ho, Herman Wong, Anthony T.C. Chan, Winnie Yeo, Anthony P.C. Yim, Karen Chak, Yolanda Lee, Kwok-Chi Lam
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
VAMP7 controls T cell activation by regulating the recruitment and phosphorylation of vesicular Lat at TCR-activation sites
Authors: Paola Larghi, David J Williamson, Jean-Marie Carpier, Stéphanie Dogniaux, Karine Chemin, Armelle Bohineust, Lydia Danglot, Katharina Gaus, Thierry Galli, Claire Hivroz
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
THE BALLISTOCARDIOGRAPHIC SMOKING TEST
Authors: William Dock
Journal: JAMA (1963)

More than 10 years ago the Johns Hopkins team, using Starr's ballistocardiograph, reported that the change in pattern due to smoking a cigarette seemed "to differentiate normal persons from those with coronary disease more adequately than other available means of study." At the 1960 symposium on nicotine at the New York Academy of Science, the specificity of this test was confirmed by several observers.<sup>1</sup> In the Starr ballistocardiogram, the systolic waves become smaller during expiration, although the systemic pulse waves increase slightly. As Starr was the first to note, the expiratory decrease in the systolic waves is greater in old men than in the young, in those with heart disease, and even in those "normals" who—in follow-up studies now extended to over 20 years—show a high incidence of cardiac disease later in life. Cigarette smoking, tobacco chewing, or giving nicotine causes a prompt decrease in height of the systolic
Traditional birth attendants are an effective resource
Authors: E. Hodnett
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Strategies to ensure their training and support in all settings are key

Traditional birth attendants, regardless of how well trained or resourced, are commonly thought to be a poor substitute for care by skilled birth attendants (defined as care providers with professional qualifications, such as doctors, midwives, or nurses) in a healthcare facility. In the linked meta-analysis of studies of deliveries assisted by traditional birth attendants, Wilson and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.d7102) found that offering training, support, and resources—such as clean delivery kits—to traditional birth attendants reduced perinatal and neonatal deaths in low income countries.1 This study provides compelling evidence that trained and supported traditional birth attendants save babies’ lives. 

There are enormous economic and logistical barriers to the provision of skilled birth attendants in many countries, especially where women live in remote areas with inadequate transport to healthcare facilities. “Healthcare facility” is a term that encompasses everything from a stand alone birth centre …
Incidence of Macrocytic Anaemia in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: R. E. H. Partridge, J. J. R. Duthie
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Moderate anaemia of a hypochromic normocytic type is common in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of macrocytic anaemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, however, has been reported on only a few occasions. This association was regarded as coincidental by Short, Bauer, and Reynolds (1957), due to the presence of Hodgkin's disease (Varadi, 1960), or due to the use of anticonvulsant drugs (Chanarin, Laidlaw, Loughridge, and Mollin, 1960). Dixon (1961) described a case of rheumatoid arthritis with megalo blastic anaemia for which no other obvious cause was found.
Thick Intergluteal Cleft and Lower Extremity Plaques
Authors: Karen C. Broussard, Alan Boyd, Jennifer Gloeckner Powers
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
1329 CORRELATION OF NORMAL VERSUS ELEVATED ALT AND GGT IN AN OBESE POPULATION, ASSOCIATION WITH LIVER HISTOLOGY AND METABOLIC PARAMETERS
Authors: A. Verrijken, S. Francque, I. Mertens, M. Ruppert, G. Hubens, E. Van Marck, P. Michielsen, L. Van Gaal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
1-Hydrazinophthalazine (Apresoline in the) reatment of Hypertension: A Two Year Study
Authors: JOSEPH H. HAFKENSCHIEL, M. AUGUST LINDAUER
Journal: Circulation (1953)

Patients with severe essential hypertension have been carefully studied periodically in an attempt to group them as to probable life expectancy. Forty such patients have been observed while on oral 1-hydrazinophthalazine and a low salt diet. Nineteen of the 33 patients in the groups having a relatively good prognosis for survival had some decrease in diastolic pressure. Only one of seven patients in Smithwick group IV had a satisfactory reduction in blood pressure.
Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction With Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Paul V. Holland
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Fever, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, oliguria, and a marked fall in hematocrit values developed in a patient with a bleeding peptic ulcer 13 days after he had received 4 units of apparently compatible blood. He went on to become frankly uremic and hyperkalemic, but eventually recovered. Results of routine serologic studies at the time of the transfusion reaction were normal, but an anti-Jk<sup>b</sup>antibody could be demonstrated when cells treated with trypsin were used in the indirect Coombs' test; the patient's blood type was found to be Jk (a +b-); the blood type of three of his four donors was Jk(b+).
Effects of Respiratory Exchange Ratio on the Prognostic Value of Peak Oxygen Consumption and Ventilatory Efficiency in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Paul J. Chase, Aarti Kenjale, Lawrence P. Cahalin, Ross Arena, Paul G. Davis, Jonathan Myers, Marco Guazzi, Daniel E. Forman, Euan Ashley, Mary Ann Peberdy, Erin West, Christopher T. Kelly, Daniel R. Bensimhon
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2013)