tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CDR3 sequence motifs shared by oligoclonal rheumatoid arthritis synovial T cells. Evidence for an antigen-driven response.
Authors: Y Li, G R Sun, J R Tumang, M K Crow, S M Friedman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

T lymphocytes reactive with as yet undefined joint-localized foreign or autoantigens may be important in the pathogenesis of RA. Molecular studies demonstrating skewed T cell antigen receptor (TCR) variable gene usage and selective expansion of particular T cell clones within the synovial compartment support this view. Based on our recent study documenting selective expansion of V beta 17+ T cells in RA, we have pursued the identification of T cells relevant to the disease process, in an informative patient, by combining molecular analysis of freshly explanted RA synovial tissue V beta 17 TCR transcripts with in vitro expansion of V beta 17+ synovial tissue T cell clones. Peripheral blood V beta 17 cDNA transcripts proved heterogeneous. In contrast, two closely related sequences, not found in the peripheral blood, dominated synovial tissue V beta 17 transcripts, suggesting selective localization and oligoclonal expansion at the site of pathology. CD4+, V beta 17+ synovial tissue-derived T cell clones, isolated and grown in vitro, were found to express TCR beta chain transcripts homologous to the dominant V beta 17 synovial tissue sequences. One clone shares with a dominant synovial tissue sequence a conserved cluster of 4/5 amino acids (IGQ-N) in the highly diverse antigen binding CDR3 region, suggesting that the T cells from which these transcripts derive may recognize the same antigen. These findings have permitted a complete characterization of the alpha/beta TCR expressed by putatively pathogenic T cell clones in RA. Functional analysis suggests that the conserved CDR3 sequence may confer specificity for, or restriction by, the MHC class II antigen, DR4.
Serum Containing Three Rh Autohaemagglutinins
Authors: E. R. Gold, E. W. Ikin, A. E. Mourant
Journal: BMJ (1958)

The new Biochemical Laboratory which is being built in the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, at a cost of £56,000 is designed to do inore than accommodate the routine analytical work of the hospital, important though that is.(At present this involves some 80,000 quantitative analyses a year and the work is growing both in volume and com- plexity.)Facilities will also be provided for work as the reference laboratory of the South East (Scotland) Region and for research.This last, important in any teaching hos-
Morbidity and mortality of oesophageal perforation
Authors: M. R. B. Keighley, R. W. Girdwood, G. H. Wooler, M. I. Ionescu
Journal: Thorax (1972)

Thirty-three patients with oesophageal perforation seen within a 20-year period are reviewed. Endoscopic perforation in patients with neoplastic disease of the oesophagus carried a 100% mortality despite early diagnosis and immediate resection of the growth. Only two deaths occurred after instrumental perforation of the thoracic oesophagus for benign pathology in patients who were in the extremes of life. Twelve cases with spontaneous perforation were seen. Although the mortality figure of only 8% was encouraging, the morbidity in terms of postoperative complications was considerable, occurring in all but one of the survivors. The importance of early diagnosis and adequate treatment in relation to postoperative morbidity and mortality is discussed.
Pain in Cancer Survivors
Authors: Paul A. Glare, Pamela S. Davies, Esmé Finlay, Amitabh Gulati, Dawn Lemanne, Natalie Moryl, Kevin C. Oeffinger, Judith A. Paice, Michael D. Stubblefield, Karen L. Syrjala
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Pain is a common problem in cancer survivors, especially in the first few years after treatment. In the longer term, approximately 5% to 10% of survivors have chronic severe pain that interferes with functioning. The prevalence is much higher in certain subpopulations, such as breast cancer survivors. All cancer treatment modalities have the potential to cause pain. Currently, the approach to managing pain in cancer survivors is similar to that for chronic cancer-related pain, pharmacotherapy being the principal treatment modality. Although it may be appropriate to continue strong opioids in survivors with moderate to severe pain, most pain problems in cancer survivors will not require them. Moreover, because more than 40% of cancer survivors now live longer than 10 years, there is growing concern about the long-term adverse effects of opioids and the risks of misuse, abuse, and overdose in the nonpatient population. As with chronic nonmalignant pain, multimodal interventions that incorporate nonpharmacologic therapies should be part of the treatment strategy for pain in cancer survivors, prescribed with the aim of restoring functionality, not just providing comfort. For patients with complex pain issues, multidisciplinary programs should be used, if available. New or worsening pain in a cancer survivor must be evaluated to determine whether the cause is recurrent disease or a second malignancy. This article focuses on patients with a history of cancer who are beyond the acute diagnosis and treatment phase and on common treatment-related pain etiologies. The benefits and harms of the various pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic options for pain management in this setting are reviewed.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Trap in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Gregory J. Riely, Vincent A. Miller
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Several drugs currently in development target the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, a validated target in the treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Most clinical trial data generated to date have been with either bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody to VEGF, or small-molecule inhibitors of VEGF receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase activity (sunitinib, sorafenib, and ZD6474). VEGF Trap, an engineered soluble receptor made from extracellular domains of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, binds to all isoforms of VEGF and to placental growth factor. VEGF Trap binds to VEGF-A and VEGF-B with markedly higher affinity than bevacizumab. The toxicities seen in phase I trials of s.c. and i.v. administration of VEGF Trap, hypertension and proteinuria, are similar to those seen with other molecules that target the VEGF pathway. In the s.c. VEGF Trap phase I trial, significant radiographic improvement was observed in a patient with heavily pretreated NSCLC. Ongoing phase I trials are evaluating combinations of VEGF Trap with platinum-based doublets and single-agent docetaxel. The activity of single-agent VEGF Trap in NSCLC is being assessed in a multicenter phase II trial.
Scottish NHS signs 4m deal with private sector
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The National Health Service in Scotland has concluded its biggest deal of recent years with private hospitals to speed up the treatment of people waiting for hip and knee surgery.

It has provisionally booked all the spare capacity for orthopaedic surgery in Scotland's private hospitals over the next six months, at a cost of £4m ($6.2m; €6.4m). The money will be used to treat about 500 patients who have been waiting up to a year for hip or knee replacement surgery.

The decision …
Illicit Use of Volatile Anesthetics
Authors: Masao Yamashita
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  In the letter by Bass, 1 it was pointed out that modern volatile anesthetics might be abused by hospital personnel.  I agree with his opinion. In our brief review 2 on the illicit use of modern volatile anesthetics, it was revealed that halothane caused at least 11 reported deaths due to its illicit use. For suicidal purpose, halothane was intravenously injected or ingested, and for mood elevation, it was sniffed.  The danger of abuse of modern volatile anesthetics requires more careful control of the drugs.
James Stokes Ellis
Authors: Peter Ellis
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Jim Ellis was born in Selborne, Hampshire. He was brought up in Eastbourne, where he was educated as a day boy at Eastbourne Preparatory School. There he met his lifelong friend John Jesson, who became a consultant psychiatrist and in later years lived only 10 miles away from Jim in Fareham, Hampshire. After prepratorya school Jim went on to Charterhouse, where he decided to become a doctor. The Ellis family had interests in the wine business and in goldsmithing—his father having been a member of the goldsmiths' company—but there was no family medical tradition so this was a completely personal choice. Jim had an exceptional musical talent, winning the school music prize with a performance of Chopin's “Revolutionary Etude.” From childhood he had an interest in the theatre—an early memory being going with his father to performances at Eastbourne's Variety Theatre—and this interest covered all aspects of costume and staging, as well as performance. After Charterhouse Jim went on to Pembroke College, Cambridge. There he met and became engaged to Monica Verdon-Roe, who was at Girton, and the couple were married after a five-year engagement in 1938.

From Cambridge, where he graduated in 1937, Jim went to St Thomas' Hospital, London. He qualified conjoint and Cambridge in 1937, obtaining his English FRCS in 1939 and the Cambridge MChir in 1941. After qualification he worked in casualty at St Thomas' and was Mr Bernard Maybury's house surgeon. He was then appointed to the senior casualty post and, at the outbreak of war, was surgical registrar to Mr Romanis. As a student at St Thomas' Jim had begun to actively explore his interest in the …
Search for new antagonist ligands for adenosine receptors from QSAR point of view. How close are we?
Authors: Maykel Pérez González, Carmen Terán, Marta Teijeira
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2007)

Abstract In view of the large libraries of nucleoside analogues that are now being handled in organic synthesis, the identification of drug biological activity is advisable prior to synthesis and this can be achieved by employing predictive biological property methods. In this sense, Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships (QSAR) or docking approaches have emerged as promising tools. Although a large number of in silico approaches have been described in the literature for the prediction of different biological activities, the use of QSAR applications to develop adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists is not common as for the case of the antibiotics and anticancer compounds for instance. The intention of this review is to summarize the present knowledge concerning computational predictions of new molecules as adenosine receptor antagonists. © 2007 Wiley‐Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 28, No. 3, 329–371, 2008
Changes in left ventricular structure and function in patients with white coat hypertension: cross sectional survey
Authors: M. W Muscholl, H.-W Hense, U. Brockel, A. Doring, G. A J Riegger, H. Schunkert
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> : To assess the relation between white coat hypertension and alterations of left ventricular structure and function. <b>Design</b> : Cross sectional survey. <b>Setting</b> : Augsburg, Germany. <b>Subjects</b> : 1677 subjects, aged 25 to 74 years, who participated in an echocardiographic substudy of the monitoring of trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease Augsburg study during 1994-5. <b>Outcome measures</b> : Blood pressure measurements and M mode, two dimensional, and Doppler echocardiography. After at least 30 minutes9 rest blood pressure was measured three times by a technician, and once by a physician after echocardiography. Subjects were classified as normotensive (technician &lt;140/90 mm Hg, physician &lt;160/95 mm Hg; n=849), white coat hypertensive (technician &lt;140/90 mm Hg, physician ≥160/95 mm Hg; n=160), mildly hypertensive (technician ≥140/90 mm Hg, physician &lt;160/95 mm Hg; n=129), and sustained hypertensive (taking antihypertensive drugs or blood pressure measured by a technican ≥140/90 mm Hg, and physician ≥160/95 mm Hg; n=538). <b>Results</b> : White coat hypertension was more common in men than women (10.9% versus 8.2% respectively) and positively related to age and body mass index. After adjustment for these variables, white coat hypertension was associated with an increase in left ventricular mass and an increased prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (odds ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 3.2; P=0.009)compared with normotensive patients. The increase in left ventricular mass was secondary to significantly increased septal and posterior wall thicknesses whereas end diastolic diameters were similar in both groups with white coat hypertension or normotension. Additionally, the systolic white coat effect (difference between blood pressures recorded by a technician and physician) was associated with increased left ventricular mass and increased prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (P&lt;0.05 each). Values for systolic left ventricular function (M mode fractional shortening) were above normal in subjects with white coat hypertension whereas diastolic filling and left atrial size were similar to those in normotension. <b>Conclusion</b> : About 10% of the general population show exaggerated inotropic and blood pressure responses when mildly stressed. This is associated with an increased risk of left ventricular hypertrophy.
Intravenous Cocaine, Crack, and HIV Infection-Reply
Authors: Samuel R. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In his comment on our findings regarding cocaine injection, crack use, and human immunodeficiency virus infection among drug users, Dr Grove has misread our position regarding the substitution of smoking crack for injecting cocaine as a form of AIDS risk reduction. We mentioned this as a hypothesis regarding the evolving patterns of drug use in the United States and presented data showing the lack of a rapid switch between these two forms of using cocaine. (A long-term switch may still occur.) At no point were we "approving" the smoking of crack as a form of AIDS risk reduction. Testing a hypothesis should not be construed as advocacy of the behavior involved. We strongly disapprove of the use of crack, but must object to the logic in the statement by Dr Grove that "the drug user... will need to take full responsibility for whatever consequence of their drug use
Role of microtubules in the synthesis, conversion, and release of (pro)insulin. A biochemical and radioautographic study in rat islets.
Authors: F Malaisse-Lagae, M Amherdt, M Ravazzola, A Sener, J C Hutton, L Orci, W J Malaisse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

In the pancreatic B cell, microtubules are thought to be involved in the process of insulin release. Their possible participation in the sequence of events leading from the biosynthesis and conversion of proinsulin to the release of newly synthesized insulin was investigated in rat isolated islets exposed to colchicine (0.1 mM). When the islets were preincubated for 30 min with colchicine and [3H]-leucine and, thereafter, incubated for two successive periods of 90 min each, still in the presence of colchicine, the release of preformed insulin was progressively inhibited and that of newly synthesized hormone delayed. When the islets were preincubated for 120 min with colchicine, subsequently pulse-labeled with [3H]leucine, and eventually examined by ultrastructural autoradiography, the export of newly synthesized proinsulin out of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, its transit through the Golgi complex, and its eventual packaging in secretory granules were all retarded. This situation was associated with a delayed conversion of proinsulin to insulin. Under the same experimental conditions, colchicine failed to affect the oxidation of glucose and adenylate charge in the islets. The effect of colchicine upon the release of preformed and newly synthesized insulin was not reproduced by lumicolchicine. It is concluded that colchicine interferes with the system controlling the intracellular transfer of secretory material from site of synthesis to site of release. This interference is likely to be linked to the effect of colchicine on microtubules.
Housing as a Remedy for Chronic Homelessness
Authors: Mitchell H. Katz
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Estradiol Modulation of Monoamine Metabolism
Authors: C. Neill Epperson, Deborah R. Kim, Tracy L. Bale
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Sex differences in the timing of onset, prevalence, and clinical course of neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders provide clues to the underlying pathophysiology of these disorders. Disorders that occur more frequently in males tend to be neurodevelopmental in nature and include attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, Tourette syndrome, oppositional defiant disorder, and, arguably, schizophreing the sexually dimorphic organizational effects of androgens for this sex-specific vulnerability. In contrast, it is not until puberty that the sex bias for affective disorders in females is revealed, coinciding with the timing of activational effects of gonadal steroids. From puberty until postmenopause, females are approximately twice as likely as males to have affective and anxiety disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), dysthymia, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Risk for dementia, particularly Alzheimer disease, is also greater for aging women, although females are relatively protected from early-onset Parkinson disease.1
Asiatic and English Cholera
Authors: J. Barrett
Journal: BMJ (1842)

treat6d before I undertook the parish duties; but the inflammatory stage was over, and I found her with the followiing symptoms :-Countenance expressive of disease; skin blanched, as if from h.Tmorrhage, but of a yellow-white color; pulse quick and thready; flesh reduced and flabby; constant watchfulness (no sleep); acute and almost incessant pain in the regions of the bladder and rectum, increased on passing urine or stools; and the os uteri and its neck exceedingly sensitive.Both the breasts were enlarged, one more so than the other (as generally occurs in these cases); the secretions were scanty and unhealthy.She made no complaint of the head or back.There was no redness or tenderness of the vagina, or tenderness of the uterus beyond its neck.The neck of the uterus, and a little beyond it, was firm; and just beyond the circumscribed firm part she did not complain on pressure.
Reviews and Notes: Reconstructing Illness: Studies in Pathography
Authors: Rita Charon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine15 May 1994Reviews and Notes: Reconstructing Illness: Studies in PathographyRita CharonRita CharonCollege of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-10-199405150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Reconstructing Illness: Studies in PathographyAnne Hunsaker Hawkins. 217 pages. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press; 1993. $14.95.Contemporary pathographies—stories of illnesses written by patients—are the successors, suggests Anne Hunsaker Hawkins, to accounts of religious conversion and cautionary parables. Rather than throwaway rantings of doctor bashers, these narratives of disease and treatment illuminate, like their earlier counterparts, fears of death and hopes for redemption.A rigorously trained medieval scholar now teaching literature in a university medical center, Hawkins does a tremendous service for the contemporary physician. By treating these texts with the seriousness she would bring to the study of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byUnderstanding Patients' Voices 15 May 1994Volume 120, Issue 10Page: 895KeywordsAIDSCancer immunotherapyCardiovascular therapyFearLongitudinal studies ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cytologic manifestations of cervical and vaginal infections. II. Confirmation of Chlamydia trachomatis infection by direct immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies
Authors: N. B. Kiviat
Journal: JAMA (1985)

We found inflammatory patterns of transparent lymphocytes on increased numbers of histiocytes suggestive of chlamydial infection in 68 (56%) of 121 cervical cytologic smears. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 36 (53%) of those with and only two (4%) of those without such inflammatory patterns. Direct stain with fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibodies demonstrated elementary bodies of C trachomatis in 30 (79%) of the 38 culture-positive patients, including 29 of the culture-positive patients who had an inflammatory cytologic pattern suggestive of C trachomatis infection. Thus, Papanicolaou smears can be screened for inflammatory pattern, and separate endocervical smears from patients with a pattern suggestive of chlamydial infection can then be stained by immunofluorescence to confirm the presence of C trachomatis infection. This two-step approach detected 29 of 38 infections confirmed by culture in the present study, giving a sensitivity of 76%, a specificity of 100%, and a positive predictive value of 100% in a population having a 31% prevalence of C trachomatis infection.