tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2923: Estrogen signaling modulates cisplatin resistance in the treatment of human non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Diana C. Márquez-Garbán, Amitkumar D. Patel, Hsiao-Wang Chen, Lee Goodglick, Michael C. Fishbein, Edward B. Garon, Hermes J. Garbán, Richard J. Pietras
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality in male and female patients in the US. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 85% of lung cancers. Standard initial chemotherapy for patients with advanced NSCLC is a platinum-based regimen, with data showing that these therapies elicit a modest improvement in patient survival. However, a major limitation to cisplatin therapy is development of drug resistance, leading to cancer progression and reduced patient survival. Cisplatin acts by interacting with DNA to form adducts that, in turn, activate signaling pathways for cell death (apoptosis). DNA damage-mediated apoptotic signals, however, can be blocked, and the resistance that ensues is a major drawback of cisplatin therapy. Resistance mechanisms, such as increased DNA adduct repair, may be modulated by interactions with other signaling pathways for cell survival, and emerging data suggest that estrogens may play a role in this process. To understand how estrogens modulate cisplatin resistance in vitro, we used two models of human NSCLC, A549 and H23 cells, that proliferate in response to estradiol-17β (E2) and express estrogen receptors and aromatase (enzyme that produces estrogens locally). Cisplatin markedly reduces tumor cell growth and enhances apoptosis in both models. However, the antitumor action of cisplatin is significantly blocked when cells are treated with estrogen in vitro. Using qRT-PCR and Western immunoblot analysis of excision repair cross-complementing-1 (ERCC1) protein (repairs cisplatin-induced DNA damage), we find that ERCC1 mRNA and protein levels are significantly increased in the presence of estrogen, thereby suggesting a potential mechanism for estrogen-induced cisplatin resistance. Analyses of the 5’-regulatory region of the human ERCC1 gene revealed putative half-estrogen responsive elements in close proximity with sp1 and AP1 sites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed binding of estrogen receptors to these promoter sites. Furthermore, treatment of human NSCLC xenografts in vivo with an aromatase inhibitor (exemestane) alone or combined with standard cisplatin chemotherapy elicits a significant reduction in tumor progression as compared to paired controls. A new strategy to block NSCLC progression may be use of cisplatin with simultaneous suppression of estrogen signaling (such as use of aromatase inhibitors). [Supported by NIH Lung Cancer SPORE, National Lung Cancer Partnership and Stiles Program funds]. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2923.
THE THERAPEUTIC EMPLOYMENT OF X RAYS
Authors: G. H. Lancashire
Journal: BMJ (1902)

~~~[ MAY 3, 190? asthma.She has one brother and he is quite healthy.There is no con- sumption or other disease in the family.Personal Uistory.-She has always enjoyed very good health, and has never been laid up by a serious illness.History of Present Condition.-Thedisease began on the left cheek when she was I6 years of age.She remembers it first as a small red patch whichl gradually increased in size.Ten years ago it was scraped, and two years ago it was again scraped and cauterized.In spite of the operations the ,disease has never been completely eradicated, and since the last scraping it has been a good deal worse.Present Condition.-There is a triangular-shaped patch of lupus on the left cheek, the base of the triangle being uppermost, and represented by a line drawn from the lobe of the ear to the lowest point of the ala of the nose.From this base line the patch gradually tapers almnost to a point, terminating at the lower edge of the jaw.Transversely the diseased area measures about iin. and the same vertically.The patch presents a dark-brown, scaly, slightly-projecting surface.It is infiltrated with the disease, which is confluent except at the upper edge, where there are some discrete nodules.There is no visible scarring, but the characters of the disease are partly obscured by large scales.There are no satellite nodules and no disease elsewhere.March 22nd, I9OI.Began light treatment, one hour daily.March 26th.Severe reactions have occurred and the part is sore and covered with large blisters.April 23rd.There is less thickening of the affected skin, and it is paler in colour.May gth.The whole area is inflamed and diE- -charging so that the granulomatous tissue is hidden.June I5th.She is making a steady improvement.Most of the infiltration has disappeared.JulY 3ist.Has had a fortnight's rest.The patch is rather red, and very little "apple-jelly" can be seen.August x3th.Treatment postponed for summer vacation.September ioth.Still further improvement, but one
Electroide cather recording during malignant ventricular arrythmia following experimental acute myocardial ischemia. Evidence for re-entry due to conduction delay and block in ischemic myocardium.
Authors: N El Sherif, B J Scherlag, R Lazzara
Journal: Circulation (1975)

In 20 anesthetized opened-chest dogs, plunge wire and electrode catheter recordings of the this bundle electrogram which also showed septal activation, were monitored before and after ligation of the anterior septal artery. The average time to onset of ventricular tachycardia after ligation was 5-1/2 min. The evolution of the arrhythmia was temporally related to progressive fragmentation and delay of the septal potential, resulting in a marked increase in total ventricular activation time (up to 335 msec). In six experiments the fragmented, delayed septal depolarization was inscribed well beyond the T wave of the surface QRS prior to the onset of arrhythmias. Various conduction disorders involving the ischemic septal myocardium were observed which closely correlated to the patterns of conduction disorder in the ischemic proximal His-Purkinje system. First degree block, 2 degree block of the Mobitz II and Wenckebach types, higher degree block and paroxysmal complete block occurred. The onset of the arrhythmia was characteristically associated with a Wenckebach pattern of conduction delay of a part of the septal deflection. Conduction disorders of the ischemic myocardium were tachycardia-dependent. Bradycardia resulted in recovery of form, duration, and timing of the septal potential with the coincident disappearance of ventricular arrhythmias. The study shows that the basic prerequisites for re-entry do exist during the early period following occlusion of a major coronary artery and can explain the malignant phase of ventricular arrhythmias. Similar disorders in man may be detected by intracardiac electrode catheter recordings.
A memorable patient: Words unsaid
Authors: A. Drake-Lee
Journal: BMJ (2000)

International assistance agencies can easily overlook hidden problems such as suffering caused by the deterioration of health services, less visible problems such as increases in substance abuse and violence, conditions more complex to measure such as environmental degradation, and those associated with declining quality of public sector service provision and decision making.These, however, require identification and action if health for the people is to be promoted after years of suffering.
737 INTRAOPERATIVE APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME TISSUE ELASTOGRAPHY FOR FOCAL LIVER LESIONS. THE INITIAL EXPERIENCE USING MINI PROBE FOR INTRAOPERATIVE USE
Authors: K. Omichi, Y. Inoue, M. Takahashi, J. Kaneko, T. Aoki, Y. Sakamoto, Y. Sugawara, K. Hasegawa, N. Kokudo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
<i>In Vivo</i> MAPK Reporting Reveals the Heterogeneity in Tumoral Selection of Resistance to RAF Inhibitors
Authors: Kevin J. Basile, Ethan V. Abel, Neda Dadpey, Edward J. Hartsough, Paolo Fortina, Andrew E. Aplin
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Activation of the ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) confers resistance to the RAF inhibitors vemurafenib and dabrafenib in mutant BRAF-driven melanomas. Methods to understand how resistance develops are important to optimize the clinical use of RAF inhibitors in patients. Here, we report the development of a novel ERK1/2 reporter system that provides a noninvasive, quantitative, and temporal analysis of RAF inhibitor efficacy in vivo. Use of this system revealed heterogeneity in the level of ERK1/2 reactivation associated with acquired resistance to RAF inhibition. We identified several distinct novel and known molecular changes in resistant tumors emerging from treatment-naïve cell populations including BRAF V600E variants and HRAS mutation, both of which were required and sufficient for ERK1/2 reactivation and drug resistance. Our work offers an advance in understanding RAF inhibitor resistance and the heterogeneity in resistance mechanisms, which emerge from a malignant cell population. Cancer Res; 73(23); 7101–10. ©2013 AACR.
Efficiency of rituximab in the treatment of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura associated with common variable immunodeficiency
Authors: M. Mahévas, L. Le Page, V. Salle, R. Cevallos, A. Smail, P. Duhaut, J.P. Ducroix
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

To the Editor: Primary tonsillary lymphoma accounts for less than 1% of head and neck malignancies.Tonsillectomy is used to mainly establish the diagnosis and can be performed for localized small lesions.In general, the patients are treated by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy [1,2].We present a 23-year-old woman who was referred to our ENT clinic with asymmetric tonsillary enlargement and acute bleeding.Tonsillectomy was performed.In paraffin sections; a tumor composed of large lymphoid cells that were positive for CD20, bcl-2, and p53 by immunohistochemistry was identified.Ki-67 index was roughly 80% (Figure 1).Polymerase chain reaction for immunoglobulin gene rearrangements was performed using DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue and showed a single band indicating the presence of a clonal B cell proliferation.A diagnosis of ''Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma'' was rendered.No clinical or radiological evidence for tumor involvement in any other site was identified and the patient was accepted as Stage I clinically.The patient did not accept any further treatment.The patient was followed periodically every 6 months.Recurrence or systemic involvement was not observed during the 5-year-follow-up.This case is unusual since only tonsillectomy was curative.In general, radiation therapy is considered the primary mode of therapy for localized disease in tonsil lymphomas (stages I and II) [3,4].In one study, Jelic et al. reported a cure rate of 80% among their stage I NHL patients, who they followed without any therapy.In light of their experience as well as our observation, therapy options for localized NHL cases should be re-evaluated.
Effect of cytochalasin B on epidermal cell migration in vitro*
Authors: T. NISHIKAWA, R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article Effect of cytochalasin B on epidermal cell migration in vitro Get access T. NISHIKAWA, T. NISHIKAWA Department of Pathology and Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Leicester Square, London W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. MARKS R. MARKS Department of Pathology and Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Leicester Square, London W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 88, Issue 5, 1 May 1973, Pages 469–474, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb15452.x Published: 01 May 1973 Article history Accepted: 26 October 1972 Published: 01 May 1973
THE TECHNIC AND PATHOLOGY OF THE PERIDENTAL MEMBRANE.
Authors: VIDA A. LATHAM
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Dental histology and pathology are yet in the embryonal stage, less advanced, perhaps, than any other kindred subject. With the exception of a few, we can not claim special micro-workers. Little encouragement is given to prosecute the subject. The technic is difficult and unsatisfactory at the best, and our schools are content to teach the subject in such a brief elementary way that a student graduates in dental surgery with but a slight knowledge of the barest facts concerning the structures that compose the teeth. It is needless to urge that this is wrong, such a fact is self-evident. An exact knowledge of structure always aids in understanding the function of a part, and is absolutely essential to a clear idea of its diseases and to rational treatment. If we do not know the arrangement of enamel, we are in danger of splitting the tooth in chiseling. We can not
Genital Herpes and Erythema Multiforme-Reply
Authors: Lawrence Corey
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In Reply.—  I appreciate Dr Epstein's comments concerning the association between mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections and recurrent bouts of erythema multiforme. Indeed, immune complexes containing antibody and HSV antigen have been found in serum samples from patients with this syndrome.1
Postgraduate Medical Education
Authors: D Murfin
Journal: BMJ (1994)

John Lister Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust, pounds sterling 15, pp 118 ISBN 0-900574-84-4

The trouble with medicine in Britain is that training often seems never ending. The inherent danger in such a system is that eventually for many learning becomes a great effort. Reconciling educational requirements within service needs has proved a planning nightmare in the hospital sector. General practice has fared better, but there is still much to be done. A book that tackles the history of postgraduate …
The gene encoding the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin is regulated by anemia, hypoxia, and inflammation
Authors: Gaël Nicolas, Caroline Chauvet, Lydie Viatte, Jean Louis Danan, Xavier Bigard, Isabelle Devaux, Carole Beaumont, Axel Kahn, Sophie Vaulont
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

The present study was aimed at determining whether hepcidin, a recently identified peptide involved in iron metabolism, plays a role in conditions associated with both iron overload and iron deficiency. Hepcidin mRNA levels were assessed in two models of anemia, acute hemolysis provoked by phenylhydrazine and bleeding provoked by repeated phlebotomies. Hepcidin response to hypoxia was also studied, both ex vivo, in human hepatoma cells, and in vivo. Anemia and hypoxia were associated with a dramatic decrease in liver hepcidin gene expression, which may account for the increase in iron release from reticuloendothelial cells and increase in iron absorption frequently observed in these situations. A single injection of turpentine for 16 hours induced a sixfold increase in liver hepcidin mRNA levels and a twofold decrease in serum iron. The hyposideremic effect of turpentine was completely blunted in hepcidin-deficient mice, revealing hepcidin participation in anemia of inflammatory states. These modifications of hepcidin gene expression further suggest a key role for hepcidin in iron homeostasis under various pathophysiological conditions, which may support the pharmaceutical use of hepcidin agonists and antagonists in various iron homeostasis disorders.
The Role of the Individual in Health Service
Authors: L. Beveridge
Journal: BMJ (1954)

Last week, in speaking at Eastbourne at another Annual Conference-that of Rotary International-I expressed doubts about the term " Welfare State."" Welfare " was right, but " State " gave to some people the idea that for everything they desire in welfare men should look to the State and use their votes to get those desires.Some things for welfare, I agreed, must be done by the State, because they would not get done otherwise, but many more things would be done best by private citizens.Welfare requires the free co-operation of the State and the individual, thinking and acting both for himself and for his neighbours.I prefer to speak of " Welfare
Distal tubule bicarbonate accumulation in vivo. Effect of flow and transtubular bicarbonate gradients.
Authors: M Iacovitti, L Nash, L N Peterson, J Rochon, D Z Levine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We have performed microperfusion studies on distal tubules of normal and alkalotic rats in an attempt to demonstrate in vivo bicarbonate secretion. All perfusion solutions were free of phosphate and other nonbicarbonate buffers. In both normal and alkalotic rats, distal perfusions elicited significant tCO2 entry only at high flow (24 nl/min). Even when perfusate tCO2 concentration closely matched plasma tCO2 concentration (30 mM tCO2), significant tCO2 entry again occurred at high flow. This was associated with a rise of the perfusate tCO2 concentration, which indicated net entry of tCO2 against a concentration gradient. In this "symmetrical" perfusion situation, acetazolamide blockade prevented tCO2 entry. Accordingly: distal tubule tCO2 entry is demonstrable in both alkalotic and normal rats at high flow rates; increasing perfusate tCO2 concentration can suppress tCO2 entry; and entry can occur in the absence of a gradient and this effect can be blocked by acetazolamide.
STUDIES OF PHOTOSENSITIZATION BY POKPHYRINS.
Authors: HAROLD F. BLUM, NELLO PACE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1937)

Journal Article STUDIES OF PHOTOSENSITIZATION BY POKPHYRINS. Get access HAROLD F. BLUM, HAROLD F. BLUM From the Division of Physiology, University of California Medical School, Berkeley, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar NELLO PACE NELLO PACE From the Division of Physiology, University of California Medical School, Berkeley, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 49, Issue 11, 1 November 1937, Pages 465–485, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1937.tb11662.x Published: 01 November 1937
CONTACT DERMATITIS FROM PARABEN
Authors: I. SARKANY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1960)

Journal Article CONTACT DERMATITIS FROM PARABEN Get access I. SARKANY, M.R.C.P. I. SARKANY, M.R.C.P. Royal Free Hospital, London, W.C.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 72, Issue 10, 1 October 1960, Pages 345–347, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1960.tb13815.x Published: 01 October 1960
The Significance of Pleural Effusion in Patients Past the Age of Fifty
Authors: Stanley H. Sahn, Melvyn Leichtling, Hyman E. Bass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

IN RECENT years the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion has assumed great importance. Newer methods of cytologic examination have permitted more exact diagnosis.1 , 2 Little attention has been paid to the importance of age in the differential diagnosis, however; although some observers have studied groups of cases of pleural effusion from the standpoint of etiology, few have emphasized age factors.Tuberculosis has been implicated as the commonest cause of pleural effusion in all age groups.3 Similar views have been expressed by Ormond,4 whose cases were reported from a tuberculosis sanatorium. Skatvedt5 specifically studied patients over forty years of age; he concludes . . .
EX VIVO METABOLIC SIGNATURES OF GLIOMAS BASED UPON TUMOR GRADE, IMAGING CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT HISTORY
Authors: S. J. Nelson, A. Elkhaled, L. Jalbert, Q. Wen, J. J. Phillips, A. Molinaro, M. Berger, S. M. Chang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to use ex vivo NMR spectroscopy of image guided tissue samples in order to characterize the metabolic signatures of gliomas and to determine which in vivo parameters are likely to be of interest for directing treatment, evaluating response and predicting outcome. METHODS: A total of 254 image guided tissue samples were obtained from 126 patients with glioma who were undergoing surgical resection for either a new or recurrent lesion. Half of each sample was flash frozen for analysis using ex vivo high resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) 1H spectroscopy with a 500MHz NMR scanner. Metabolite levels were estimated from the ex vivo spectra using the HR-QUEST software package. The other half of each sample was fixed in paraffin for subsequent histological analysis. Confirmation of the presence of tumor, the definition of tumor grade and evaluation of histology were made by an experienced pathologist. Associations between samples with different pathologies and/or from different anatomic regions were evaluated using a proportional odds logistic regression model with repeated measures in order to take account of the multiple samples per subject. RESULTS: Significant differences in the ex vivo metabolite levels were observed between samples from groups that were separated based upon (i) primary tumor grade, (ii) IDH status, (iii) having arisen as primary vs secondary GBM, (iv) being classified as corresponding to recurrent GBM vs treatment effect and (v) coming from regions of GBM that were contrast enhancing versus non-enhancing on T1-weighted post-Gadolinium images. Key metabolites that were relevant for making distinctions between the various groupings included levels of 2-hydroxglutarate, myo-inositol, phosphocholine, glycerophosphcholine, glutathione, glycine, glutamate, creatine, N-acetylasparate and mobile lipids. CONCLUSIONS: Many of the metabolites that were highlighted as being associated with different pathologies and regional imaging characteristics can be measured using clinically available 3T whole body MR scanners in conjunction with in vivo 1H MR spectroscopic imaging. Recent advances in the methodology for acquiring and analyzing such data have made it possible to obtain maps of metabolite levels from the brain in a scan time of 5-10 minutes. Applications to patient care include assessment of tumor burden, prediction of outcome and tailoring treatment to individual patient characteristics.Supported by: NIH P50 CA097257, RO1 CA127612 and P01 CA118816. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Neuropathology & Tumor Biomarkers.
Proposal for ethical standards in therapeutic trials
Authors: I. Lenox-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1985)

psoriasis NS; Student's t test).At present a sex and smoking matched control group is not available for comparison with the patients with palmoplantar pustulosis, but there was no difference between results for smokers and non-smokers within the three groups of subjects.Our study has shown similar results of assessment of neutrophil morphology in palmoplantar pustulosis and psoriasis.Abnormalities of neutro- phil C3b receptor function in the two disorders have also been reported to be similar,6 although this may not be the case for intralesional neutrophils.7Although our preliminary results suggest that peripheral blood neutrophil morphology is not changed by cigarette smoking, further studies of the relation between psoriasis, palmoplantar pustulosis, smoking, chemoattractant production, and neutrophil function are certainly warranted to explain the epidemiological findings reported by Dr O'Doherty and Ms Macintyre.