tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myelomatosis with Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: Claudio Cortese, Barry Lewis, Norman E. Miller, Michael A. Peyman, Suresh N. Rao, Brenda Slavin, Usha Sule, Peter R. Turner, Gerd Utermann, Anthony J. Wing, Michael Weight, Richard Wootton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We investigated the metabolism of intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL [1.006 to 1.019 g per milliliter]) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL [1.019 to 1.063 g per milliliter]) in two men with Type III hyperlipoproteinemia associated with myelomatosis. In vivo kinetic studies using Radio-labeled autologous lipoproteins demonstrated a greatly reduced fractional catabolic rate of IDL, relative to control values (patients vs. normal, 0.006 and 0.025 per hour vs. 0.20±0.08 per hour [mean ±S.E.M.]) and a greatly prolonged IDL-to-LDL conversion time (45 and 17 hours vs. 5.4±1.6 hours). In studies in vitro, LDL from both patients failed to bind to the LDL receptor of normal blood lymphocytes, whereas LDL from subjects with familial Type III hyperlipoproteinemia bound normally to the receptor. In one patient immunoglobulin was shown to be associated with IDL and LDL. Thus, hyperlipoproteinemia reflected an impaired metabolism of IDL, probably secondary to the binding of immunoglobulin to the lipoproteins. A similar impairment of receptor-mediated LDL catabolism did not elevate the plasma LDL concentration because of the low IDL-to-LDL conversion rate. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:79–83.)
HIV-1 replication and immune dynamics are affected by raltegravir intensification of HAART-suppressed subjects
Authors: Maria J Buzón, Marta Massanella, Josep M Llibre, Anna Esteve, Viktor Dahl, Maria C Puertas, Josep M Gatell, Pere Domingo, Roger Paredes, Mark Sharkey, Sarah Palmer, Mario Stevenson, Bonaventura Clotet, Julià Blanco, Javier Martinez-Picado
Journal: Nature Medicine (2010)
Uganda sees a rise of 12% in TB cases
Authors: Henry Wasswa
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The number of tuberculosis cases is on the rise in Uganda. The health ministry has seen an increase of almost 12% between 2001 and 2005, with cases increasing from 37 600 to 42 000.

Doctors and public health officials are turning to community based health care as the most cost effective means to contain the disease, because hospital services are thinly spread and ill equipped.

The increase in tuberculosis infections is blamed on a several causes, including the prevalence of HIV and AIDS, the country's poor health infrastructure and hospital coverage, a lack of awareness of the disease among the public, and poor sanitation in the slum areas of urban centres, where most cases have been recorded.

Joseph Imoka, the World Health Organization's …
Propranolol concentrations in plasma after insertion into the vagina.
Authors: L G Patel, S J Warrington, R M Pearson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The balance between hematopoietic progenitors and differentiated hemocytes is finely tuned during development. In the larval hematopoietic organ of <i>Drosophila</i>, called the lymph gland, the receptor tyrosine kinase Pvr signals from differentiated cells to maintain a pool of undifferentiated progenitors. However, little is known about the processes that support Pvr function. The small GTPase Ral is involved in the regulation of several membrane trafficking events. <i>Drosophila</i> has a single Ral protein, Rala, which has been implicated in the development of various tissues. Here, we investigated the involvement of Rala in the larval fly hematopoietic system. We discovered that the loss of <i>Rala</i> activity phenocopies <i>Pvr</i> loss of function by promoting hemocyte progenitor differentiation. Moreover, using epistasis analysis, we found that the guanine exchange factor RalGPS lies upstream of Rala in this event, whereas the exocyst and Rab11 are acting downstream. Strikingly, the loss of Rala activity leads to a considerable accumulation of Pvr at the plasma membrane, hence suggesting a trafficking defect and reduced Pvr function. Consistent with this hypothesis, <i>Rala</i> loss of function phenotype in the lymph gland is fully suppressed by constitutive STAT activity, which normally mediates Pvr function in the lymph gland. Together, our findings unravel a novel RalGPS-Rala-exocyst-Rab11 axis for the maintenance of lymph gland homeostasis through Pvr.
Zoledronic Acid Infusion and Orbital Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Neil S. Sharma, Ju-Lee Ooi, Katherine Masselos, Michael J. Hooper, Ian C. Francis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 57-year-old man presented with a 4-day history of increasing orbital pain and swelling in the right eye. A diagnosis of orbital inflammatory disease due to bisphosphonate infusion was made.
Extracts from an Address on College Politics: Matters concerning the Royal College of Surgeons of England
Authors: P. Swain
Journal: BMJ (1888)

Poor balance and falls pose substantial risks to health and well-being. Thalidomide survivors with arm defects have an additional risk being unable to protect themselves in a fall. Generic exercise information to improve strength and balance is increasingly available to the elderly. However, disability can carry a lifetime risk. Identifying and correcting underlying musculoskeletal issues, correction of gait abnormalities together with establishing an appropriate exercise routine that is affordable, convenient and fun should improve outcomes at any stage of adult life. This can be challenging, not least in those who have never previously exercised and who are now middle aged or older. The Thalidomide Trust piloted focused support for a middle-aged thalidomide survivor with bilateral radial club hands and increasing balance issues who had never previously exercised. This met with great success improving his strength, balance, gait and posture together with ensuring an established exercise routine to maintain the improvement.
Identification of hemochromatosis gene polymorphisms in chronically transfused patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Michael R. Jeng, Patricia Adams‐Graves, Thad A. Howard, Matthew R. Whorton, Chin‐Shang Li, Russell E. Ware
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Three polymorphic gene mutations in the human hemochromatosis (HFE) gene (C282Y, H63D, S65C) are associated with non‐transfusion–related iron overload in Caucasians. More recently, these mutations have also been identified in African‐Americans. However, the prevalence of HFE gene mutations in African‐Americans with sickle cell disease (SCD) has not been described. The presence of these mutations in this population is particularly important, because patients with SCD may be placed on chronic red cell transfusion therapy and are thus at further risk for iron overload. Thus, we attempted to establish the gene mutation prevalence in African‐Americans with SCD, to compare this frequency with published gene frequencies in African‐Americans, and to evaluate their significance with regard to transfusion‐related iron overload. Eighty‐nine African‐American patients with SCD, all of whom were receiving chronic red cell transfusion therapy, were screened by DNA analysis for the three HFE gene mutations. Two patients were heterozygous for the C282Y HFE mutation (2.3%), six were heterozygous for the H63D mutation (6.8%), none carried the S65C mutation (0.0%), and no homozygous or compound heterozygous subjects were identified. The prevalence of C282Y and H63D in the SCD population was similar to that observed in the general African‐American population. In addition, there was no increased mutation prevalence when comparing those SCD patients on chronic transfusion therapy who had ferritin levels greater than 2,500 ng/mL and those less than 2,500 ng/mL. This study represents the first identification of the known HFE gene mutations by DNA analysis in the SCD population. We conclude that the presence of recognized HFE coding region mutations do not seem to have an impact on the degree of iron overload in patients with SCD receiving chronic transfusion therapy. Am J. Hematol. 74:243–248, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abstract 4697: Quantitation of <i>BRAF</i> V600E alleles predicts papillary thyroid cancer progression
Authors: Chan Kwon Jung, Min Hee Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Dong Jun Lim, Hyoungnam Lee, So Ra Jeon, Gyeong Sin Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract BACKGROUND: BRAF V600E is the most common genetic alteration in thyroid cancer. However, there is still controversy regarding its clinicopathological significance and clonal mutation frequency. To clarify these inconsistent results, we investigated the association between the allelic frequency of BRAF V600E and the clinicopathological features in classic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). DESIGN: Tumor tissues from 321 patients with classic PTC were microdissected under a dissecting microscope and analyzed for the presence or absence of the BRAF mutation and mutant allelic percentage using quantitative pyrosequencing. RESULTS: BRAF V600E was found in 264 (82.2%) of 321 classic PTC. In the BRAF V600E-positive tumors, the mutant allelic frequency varied from 8% to 41% of total BRAF alleles (median, 20%). The frequency of BRAF V600E alleles directly correlated with tumor size (R-squared = 0.162, P&amp;lt;0.001) and number of metastatic lymph nodes (R-squared = 0.063, P&amp;lt;0.001). Out of 264 BRAF-positive PTCs, 136 (51%) had ≥20% of BRAF mutant alleles. Extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis were more frequent in PTCs with high (≥20%) abundance of mutant alleles than in those with low abundance of mutant alleles (55% vs 37%, P=0.003 and 62% vs 46%, P=0.012, respectively). However, if the mutant allelic percentage was not considered, the presence of BRAF V600E was only associated with extrathyroidal extension, but not with tumor size and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: High abundance of BRAF V600E alleles predicts tumor progression in classic PTC. We suggest that the clonal, subclonal, or oligoclonal occurrence of BRAF V600E mutation may have different biological and clinicopathological significance in the PTC. Citation Format: Chan Kwon Jung, Min Hee Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Dong Jun Lim, Hyoungnam Lee, So Ra Jeon, Gyeong Sin Park. Quantitation of BRAF V600E alleles predicts papillary thyroid cancer progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4697. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4697
P762 TEMPORAL CHANGES IN HEPATITIS C VIRUS GENOTYPE 3A DISTRIBUTION AMONG PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGS IN VANCOUVER, CANADA
Authors: B. Jacka, T. Applegate, A.F. Poon, R. Harrigan, G.J. Dore, A. Olmstead, K. DeBeck, M.-J. Milloy, F. Lamoury, C. Woods, Z. Brumme, S. Dobrer, V. Dias Lima, J. Montaner, J. Joy, B.D. Marshall, T. Kerr, E. Wood, M. Krajden, J. Grebely
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
ONCE-MONTHLY RIFAMPICIN PLUS DAILY DAPSONE IN INITIAL TREATMENT OF LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY
Authors: S.J. Yawalkar, A.C. Mcdougall, J. Languillon, S. Ghosh, S.K. Hajra, D.V.A. Opromolla, C.J.S. Tonello
Journal: The Lancet (1982)
Lung Cancer Mortality and the Length of Cigarette Ends
Authors: R. Doll, A. B. Hill, P. G. Gray, E. A. Parr
Journal: BMJ (1959)

PROBLEM MEDICTLINSHRNAL lives lost in every country each year from cancer of the respiratory tract demands that we expedite our efforts.It is hoped that with the evidence already at hand a practical solution may be within our reach.It is toward this end that laboratory studies involving the smoking-cancer problem must now be directed.
Value of<sup>18</sup>Fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron-Emission Tomography in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Koen Van Laere, Annelies Vanhee, Jolien Verschueren, Liesbeth De Coster, An Driesen, Patrick Dupont, Wim Robberecht, Philip Van Damme
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting the motor system, with extramotor involvement to a variable extent. Biomarkers for early differential diagnosis and prognosis are needed. An autosomal dominant hexanucleotide (GGGGCC) expansion in the noncoding region of the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) gene is the most frequent genetic cause of ALS, but its metabolic pattern has not been studied systematically.To evaluate the use of 18fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission tomography as a marker of ALS pathology and investigate whether a specific metabolic signature is present in patients with C9orf72 mutations.In total, 81 patients with a suspected diagnosis of ALS at University Hospital Leuven were prospectively investigated. All underwent detailed neurological examination and electrodiagnostic and genetic testing for the major known genetic causes of ALS (C9orf72, SOD1, TARDBP, and FUS). A diagnosis of ALS was made in 70 of 81 patients. Of these, 11 were C9orf72 positive and 59 were C9orf72 negative. In 7 patients, the diagnosis of primary lateral sclerosis was made; 4 patients had progressive muscular atrophy. A screened healthy control population was used for comparison.Positron-emission tomographic data were spatially normalized and analyzed using a predefined volume of interest and a voxel-based analysis (SPM8). Discriminant analysis was done both volume of interest based and voxel based using a support vector machine approach.Compared with control participants, 18fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission tomography showed perirolandic and variable prefrontal hypometabolism in most patients. Patients with primary lateral sclerosis showed a similar pattern. Patients with C9orf72-positive ALS had discrete relative hypometabolism in the thalamus and posterior cingulate compared with those with C9orf72-negative ALS. A posteriori-corrected discriminant analysis was able to correctly classify 95% of ALS cases and 71% of primary lateral sclerosis cases. Prefrontal hypometabolism was associated with reduced clinical functioning (ALS Functional Rating Scale). Extensive hypometabolism in the prefrontal or anterior temporal areas was present in 10% of patients and associated with significantly shorter survival as an independent factor (n = 63, P < .001). Patients who were C9orf72 positive did not differ in survival compared with those who were C9orf72 negative.18Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission tomography is a useful early diagnostic and prognostic marker for ALS. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that is positive for C9orf72 is characterized by only mild cerebral metabolic differences that show no prognostic difference.
Coexistent atypical bullous pemphigoid and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: EVA SZABO, SANDOR HUSZ, LASZLO KOVACS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Coexistent atypical bullous pemphigoid and systemic lupus erythematosus Get access EVA SZABÓ, EVA SZABÓ Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University School of Medicine, Szeged, 6701, P.O. Box 480, Hungary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SÁNDOR HUSZ, SÁNDOR HUSZ Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University School of Medicine, Szeged, 6701, P.O. Box 480, Hungary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar LÁSZLÓ KOVÁCS LÁSZLÓ KOVÁCS Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University School of Medicine, Szeged, 6701, P.O. Box 480, Hungary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 104, Issue 1, 1 January 1981, Pages 71–76, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01714.x Published: 01 January 1981 Article history Accepted: 09 May 1980 Published: 01 January 1981
Interferon alfa-2b induced long-term relief of pain in two patients with adiposis dolorosa and chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Zbigniew Gonciarz, Wo̵dzimierz Mazur, Jacek Hartleb, Marek Machniak, Ilona Bednarek, Urszula Mazurek, Tadeusz Wilczok
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Impact of the Phytoestrogen Content of Laboratory Animal Feed on the Gene Expression Profile of the Reproductive System in the Immature Female Rat
Authors: Jorge M. Naciff, Gary J. Overmann, Suzanne M. Torontali, Gregory J. Carr, Jay P. Tiesman, George P. Daston
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

The effect of the dietary background of phytoestrogens on the outcome of rodent bioassays used to identify and assess the reproductive hazard of endocrine-disrupting chemicals is controversial. Phytoestrogens, including genistein, daidzein, and coumestrol, are fairly abundant in soybeans and alfalfa, common ingredients of laboratory animal diets. These compounds are weak agonists for the estrogen receptor (ER) and, when administered at sufficient doses, elicit an estrogenic response in vivo. In this study, we assessed the potential estrogenic effects of dietary phytoestrogens at the gene expression level, together with traditional biologic end points, using estrogen-responsive tissues of the immature female rat. We compared the gene expression profile of the uterus and ovaries, as a pool, obtained using a uterotrophic assay protocol, from intact prepubertal rats fed a casein-based diet (free from soy and alfalfa) or a regular rodent diet (Purina 5001) containing soy and alfalfa. Estrogenic potency of the phytoestrogen-containing diet was determined by analyzing uterine wet weight gain, luminal epithelial cell height, and gene expression profile in the uterus and ovaries. These were compared with the same parameters evaluated in animals exposed to a low dose of a potent ER agonist [0.1 microg/kg/day 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol (EE) for 4 days]. Exposure to dietary phytoestrogens or to a low dose of EE did not advance vaginal opening, increase uterine wet weight, or increase luminal epithelial cell height in animals fed either diet. Although there are genes whose expression differs in animals fed the soy/alfalfa-based diet versus the casein diet, those genes are not associated with estrogenic stimulation. The expression of genes well known to be estrogen regulated, such as progesterone receptor, intestinal calcium-binding protein, and complement component 3, is not affected by consumption of the soy/alfalfa-based diet when assessed by microarray or quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Our results indicate that although diet composition has an impact on gene expression in uterus and ovaries, it does not contribute to the effects of an ER agonist.
Brain Damage Due to Penicillin
Authors: Sheldon B. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Two young adults suffered anaphylactic shock after administration of penicillin. One patient received an intramuscular injection while the other ingested a tablet. Upon recovery from shock, signs and symptoms of an acute brain syndrome, including disorientation and confusion, were present. This was followed by a persistent chronic brain syndrome. Nine months after the episode of shock, one patient showed moderate intellectual impairment with constriction of interests and confabulation. The other patient, 15 months after being in shock, was severely impaired with disorientation, very poor memory, and was unable to adequately take care of her home or child. Other psychiatric disturbances due to penicillin do not generally have such serious sequelae. It seems quite probable that many other patients who recover from anaphylactic shock resulting from penicillin suffer some degree of brain damage due to
Complete Situs Transversus With Auricular Fibrillation and Flutter
Authors: HAROLD A. ROBINSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Article1 January 1933Complete Situs Transversus With Auricular Fibrillation and FlutterReport of a CaseHAROLD A. ROBINSON, M.D.HAROLD A. ROBINSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-7-948 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis case is reported because of its interesting electro-cardiographic findings. A thorough search of the literature reveals no previous similar case reported. There are many cases reported in the literature of complete situs transversus with electrocardiographic depictions of dextrocardia. Some of them are associated with pathologic conditions of the heart, for the most part, congenital anomalies. Other case reports are of situs transversus associated with diseases other than those of the heart.A discussion of complete situs transversus and auricular fibrillation and flutter will not be taken up here, having been thoroughly discussed in other reports in the literature.In... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HAROLD A. ROBINSON, M.D.Affiliations: Detroit, MichiganReceived for publication April 10, 1932. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1933Volume 6, Issue 7Page: 948-951KeywordsAtrial fibrillationCongenital disordersElectrocardiographyHeartHeart diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
Low-Energy Biphasic Waveform Defibrillation: Evidence-Based Review Applied to Emergency Cardiovascular Care Guidelines
Authors: Richard O. Cummins, Mary Fran Hazinski, Richard E. Kerber, Peter Kudenchuk, Lance Becker, Graham Nichol, Barbara Malanga, Tom P. Aufderheide, Edward M. Stapleton, Karl Kern, Joseph P. Ornato, Arthur Sanders, Terence Valenzuela, Mickey Eisenberg
Journal: Circulation (1998)

HomeCirculationVol. 97, No. 16Low-Energy Biphasic Waveform Defibrillation: Evidence-Based Review Applied to Emergency Cardiovascular Care Guidelines
Factor IX deficiency in liver disease
Authors: S. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> After reading Dr. Ramsey's article and your EDITORIAL, I am compelled to express my dismay at the repressive attitudes expressed. Through the entire paper runs the underlying theme "This is the way medicine is; it has always been this way; it will always be this way." I can hear echoes of an older theme which repressed exploration of the world for centuries: "Of course the world is flat, everybody knows that." If it were not for men of vision who said "According to my theory, the world is really round, and I am going to risk my life to find out," we would still be living in Europe, debating what supports the columns holding up the world. The sexual union of the male and female is a reflex-driven act that occurs throughout the animal kingdom. It is only with the human element of love and the attempts
An expression profile for diagnosis of lymph node metastases from primary head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Paul Roepman, Lodewyk F A Wessels, Nienke Kettelarij, Patrick Kemmeren, Antony J Miles, Philip Lijnzaad, Marcel G J Tilanus, Ronald Koole, Gert-Jan Hordijk, Peter C van der Vliet, Marcel J T Reinders, Piet J Slootweg, Frank C P Holstege
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)