tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE PATHOLOGIC EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUSLY ADMINISTERED SOLUBLE ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES
Authors: Robert T. McCluskey, Baruj Benacerraf, Jacobus L. Potter, Frederick Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1960)

The intravenous administration to mice of soluble antigen-antibody complexes in antigen excess resulted in a high incidence of glomerulonephritis and less frequently in endocarditis or arteritis. These lesions are present within 48 hours of the first of 3 injections and disappear within 2 weeks. The same pathological changes were produced with complexes prepared from either rabbit or chicken antibody. In the case of rabbit antibody, the severity of the glomerulonephritis was greater with the ovalbumin antiovalbumin system than with the BSA system. Anaphylaxis regularly occurred in mice given complexes prepared from rabbit antibody, but was not seen following administration of complexes prepared from chicken antibody. Pretreatment with cortisone diminished the severity of the glomerulo-nephritis and resulted in accumulation of amorphous, eosinophilic material within glomerular capillaries in mice injected with antigen-antibody complexes. The rabbit antibody used in these experiments failed to sensitize guinea pig skin to passive cutaneous anaphylaxis when injected in the form of soluble complexes. This indicates that these complexes do not dissociate to a detectable extent in vivo and thus favors the interpretation that complexes localize as such in the sites where tissue damage occurs. Chicken anti-mouse erythrocyte antibody produced hemolysis of mouse red cells in the presence of mouse complement. In contrast to a similar rabbit anti-serum, the hemolytic activity of the chicken antibody with mouse complement was very slight. This suggests that complement does not play an important role in the pathogenesis of these experimental lesions.
Genetic depletion of cardiac myocyte STAT-3 abolishes classical preconditioning
Authors: R SMITH, N SULEMAN, L LACERDA, L OPIE, S AKIRA, K CHIEN, M SACK
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Journal Article Genetic depletion of cardiac myocyte STAT-3 abolishes classical preconditioning Get access Robert M. Smith, Robert M. Smith * aHatter Institute for Cardiology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town Observatory, Cape Heart Centre, Chris Barnard Building, Cape Town 7925, South Africa *Corresponding author. Tel.: +27 21 808 3154; fax: +27 21 808 3145. Email address: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Naushaad Suleman, Naushaad Suleman aHatter Institute for Cardiology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town Observatory, Cape Heart Centre, Chris Barnard Building, Cape Town 7925, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lydia Lacerda, Lydia Lacerda aHatter Institute for Cardiology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town Observatory, Cape Heart Centre, Chris Barnard Building, Cape Town 7925, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lionel H. Opie, Lionel H. Opie aHatter Institute for Cardiology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town Observatory, Cape Heart Centre, Chris Barnard Building, Cape Town 7925, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shizuo Akira, Shizuo Akira bResearch Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kenneth R. Chien, Kenneth R. Chien cInstitute of Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael N. Sack Michael N. Sack dNational Institute of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 63, Issue 4, September 2004, Pages 611–616, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.06.019 Published: 01 September 2004 Article history Received: 13 May 2004 Revision received: 15 June 2004 Accepted: 22 June 2004 Published: 01 September 2004
Cross sectional survey of meningococcal C immunisation in children looked after by local authorities and those living at home
Authors: C. M Hill
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Children under the care of a local authority by voluntary agreement or by order of a court often have poor physical and mental health. 1 On 31 March 2001, 75 601 children in England, Scotland, and Wales were looked after by local authorities.In 1998, the government invested £885m in social services through the Quality Protects programme 2 (Children First in Wales) to improve public care.Compliance with immunisation schedules is an important health performance indicator of these programmes, although lack of immunisation may reflect neglect before, rather than after, a child enters public care.The national meningococcal C vaccine campaign 3 in 1999 provided a unique opportunity to measure immunisation uptake in public care, unbiased by historical health neglect.We compared immunisation rates in children looked after by local authorities with that in children at home.
Oncology in Medicine
Authors: B. J. KENNEDY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Oncology is a new subspecialty in internal medicine. It includes the study of the detection and diagnosis of neoplasms, their histopathology and biology, the modes of definitive and palliative therapies, and the care of patients dying from cancer. The medical oncologist has evolved to meet the demand for trained physicians to study the biologic nature of cancer and to manage patients with malignant diseases. Although medical oncology arose from various areas of science, the oncologist now represents a broadly trained internist primarily interested in the patient with cancer. Training programs are being expanded to meet the growing needs in this scientific field, which should constitute one of the subspecialties of the American Board of Internal Medicine.
Theatre: The Antipodes, or The World Turned Upside Down
Authors: C. Dover
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A striking paradox of our time is that, for many conditions, medical resources are not allocated to the most pressing conditions.One of these conditions is, of course, HIV infection.In addition to the extraordinarily limited resources for diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection and its associated complications in the developing world, there is also a lack of basic information available to community health workers in these regions.Thus, although less than 5% of HIV infected people live in industrialised countries, almost all information regarding this epidemic is generated in and aimed at these countries.A quick Medline search, using the term "HIV," yielded more than 80 000 articles, most of little relevance to most people living with HIV worldwide.It is distressing that the scanty information available to the developing world leads to inevitable misunderstandings and mistaken beliefs.Granich and Mermin have made a valuable effort to address this information imbalance.Their book is a useful and concise treatise on HIV infection, targeted at community health and social workers working mainly, but not exclusively, in the poorest communities of the globe.Using clear and understandable language, the authors summarise aspects of aetiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HIV infection and related conditions.They also provide some practical guidelines for the development of social projects.To facilitate the readability of the book to non-specialised people, each chapter begins with an imaginary story to introduce the topic.Illustrations and boxes with key points help to summarise their guidelines.Apart from the basic information provided in the main body of the book, an appendix has been added in which the authors briefly review the conditions associated with HIV infection and their manifestations and management.This appendix is more specialised than the rest of the book and, as the authors recognise, it has been influenced by their training in Western medicine.As a consequence, the treatments outlined for these conditions unfortunately are beyond the possibilities of the poorest communities.A useful glossary of terms and a detailed index complete this eminently practical book created to fill a gap in the information accessible to most of the social and health workers in this field around the world.
Apolipoprotein C-III(Lys58----Glu). Identification of an apolipoprotein C-III variant in a family with hyperalphalipoproteinemia.
Authors: A von Eckardstein, H Holz, M Sandkamp, W Weng, H Funke, G Assmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Apolipoprotein C-III is a major protein constituent of triglyceride rich lipoproteins and HDL. It occurs in plasma in three isoforms differing by their sialic acid content. Apo C-III putatively inhibits lipolysis and the apo E mediated hepatic uptake of remnants from triglyceride rich particles. We identified a heterozygous carrier of an apolipoprotein C-III variant by the presence of additional bands after isoelectric focusing (IEF) of VLDL. Structural analysis of the variant protein by HPLC, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and automated gas phase sequencing revealed a lysine to glutamic acid replacement in position 58. The underlying A to G exchange was verified by direct sequencing subsequent to amplification by polymerase chain reaction of exon 4 of the apo C-III gene. Family studies revealed vertical transmission of this defect. The two variant carriers exhibited plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apo A-I above the 95th percentiles of sex matched controls whereas the unaffected father and sister showed normal values. The plasma concentrations of apo C-III in the two variant carriers were decreased by 30-40% compared with those of the two unaffected family members and to random controls. Using two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis as well as IEF and subsequent scanning densitometry, we found that the low serum concentration of apo C-III was a consequence of diminished concentrations of the variant apo C-III isoproteins in both VLDL (15% of normal) and HDL (25% of normal). Apo C-III(Lys58----Glu) heterozygotes possessed unusual HDL as demonstrated by nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. They consisted mainly of HDL2b and contained a proportion of atypically large particles, enriched in apo E, with a Stokes diameter of 13-18 nm and resembling HDLc. In conclusion, heterozygosity for a structural apo C-III variant--apo C-III(Lys58----Glu)--was identified in two hyperalphalipoproteinemic subjects characterized by the presence of low plasma apo C-III concentrations and atypically large HDL.
E/EM CANNOT REFLECT CARDIAC HEMODYNAMIC BURDEN AS MEASURED BY NT-PROBNP IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION OF RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY TERRITORY
Authors: Kye Hun Kim, Hyun Ju Yoon, Young Joon Hong, Hyung Wook Park, Ju Han Kim, Young Keun Ahn, Myung Ho Jeong, Jeong-Gwan Cho, Jong Chun Park, Jung Chaee Kang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Increased Mortality from Lung Cancer and Bronchiectasis in Young Adultsafter Exposure to Arsenic <i>in Utero</i> and in Early Childhood
Authors: Allan H. Smith, Guillermo Marshall, Yan Yuan, Catterina Ferreccio, Jane Liaw, Ondine von Ehrenstein, Craig Steinmaus, Michael N. Bates, Steve Selvin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Arsenic in drinking water is an established cause of lung cancer, and preliminary evidence suggests that ingested arsenic may also cause nonmalignant lung disease. Antofagasta is the second largest city in Chile and had a distinct period of very high arsenic exposure that began in 1958 and lasted until 1971, when an arsenic removal plant was installed. This unique exposure scenario provides a rare opportunity to investigate the long-term mortality impact of early-life arsenic exposure. In this study, we compared mortality rates in Antofagasta in the period 1989–2000 with those of the rest of Chile, focusing on subjects who were born during or just before the peak exposure period and who were 30–49 years of age at the time of death. For the birth cohort born just before the high-exposure period (1950–1957) and exposed in early childhood, the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for lung cancer was 7.0 [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.4–8.9; p &lt; 0.001] and the SMR for bronchiectasis was 12.4 (95% CI, 3.3–31.7; p &lt; 0.001). For those born during the high-exposure period (1958–1970) with probable exposure in utero and early childhood, the corresponding SMRs were 6.1 (95% CI, 3.5–9.9; p &lt; 0.001) for lung cancer and 46.2 (95% CI, 21.1–87.7; p &lt; 0.001) for bronchiectasis. These findings suggest that exposure to arsenic in drinking water during early childhood or in utero has pronounced pulmonary effects, greatly increasing subsequent mortality in young adults from both malignant and nonmalignant lung disease.
Peake, Prunesquallor, and Pye
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Like many a famous author, Mervyn Peake (1911-1968) had a medical father. Dr Peake was a medical missionary in China who once had to prove his prowess by operating on an official’s cataracts in public. Fortunately for him he passed the test; he might otherwise have been done to death and Mervyn would never have seen the light of day.

Dr Peake returned to England to become a general practitioner in Surrey. The young Mervyn showed artistic promise early, and studied at Chelsea Art College, where he met his wife, Maeve Gilmore, whose father was also a doctor.

One of the main characters in Peake’s Gormenghast trilogy of novels, Titus Groan (1946), Gormenghast (1950), and Titus Alone (1959), was Dr Alfred Prunesquallor. …
Hypoaldosteronism
Authors: James B. Hudson, Aram V. Chobanian, Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

MOST patients with Addison's disease can be demonstrated to have a defect in electrolyte regulation.1 The resulting tendency to sodium depletion and hyperpotassemia is often an important feature of the presenting clinical syndrome, but almost always there are associated signs and symptoms ascribable to a deficiency in the production of the glucocorticoid hormones, particularly hydrocortisone. Even when the signs of mineralocorticoid deficiency are prominent, spontaneous potassium intoxication is unusual, since the serum concentration of potassium rarely reaches levels capable of having serious cardiac effects.2 The purpose of the present report is to describe studies carried out on a patient with . . .
On-field sports medicine emergencies: what's new!
Authors: Heinz Lohrer, Nikos Malliaropoulos
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2012)

Last Saturday, after I completed a review for a scientific paper, I went out for what I planned as a relaxing mountain bike ride. The plan was to enjoy the Taunus highlands near my home in Frankfurt/Main for 90 min. However, 25 min into the ride, shortly after leaving the city and entering a wood I heard the siren of an ambulance as it approached from behind and passed by me. As I trailed the ambulance I wondered what might have happened and where. Another 5 min later, in a steep downhill trail the ambulance and I stopped and I leaned my mountain bike against a tree. In front of the ambulance (staffed with two paramedics), at the border of the trail in a curve, lay a cyclist prone against a tree stump with his right side. His friend had already removed his riding partner's helmet.

The patient was alert and conscious. However, he could not provide details of the accident or the injury mechanism. Initial examination was done without moving the patient. There were no obvious bleeding and head and spine were not tender. There was severe left shoulder pain as well as pain with inspiration. Meanwhile, an emergency physician arrived. While I manually fixed the patients shoulder region we (emergency physician, myself, two paramedics and the accompanying mountain biker) carefully put the patient in a (flexed) standing position. Then we sat and laid him down supine to a spine board. His clothes were cut and further examination revealed a clavicular fracture and a pneumothorax, both on the left side. His head and trunk were fixed to the spine board and the emergency physician initially inserted a cannula in the right cubital vein and provided him with analgesics and infusion. Then we put the patient inside the ambulance. He was intubated and …
The Doctor Has a Heart Attack
Authors: Alan J. Lippman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Patients untrained in medical concepts may not appreciate the logic behind the treatment of myocardial infarction. Such individuals, while convalescing from the acute phase of their illness, may attempt to continue activities which endanger their health and their chances for survival. A patient with myocardial disease must learn to live with his condition, yet not resign himself to invalid status. This book, intended for coronary patients and their families, presents in straightforward and lucid fashion the medical principles underlying this doctrine. The author points out that with proper care and a constructive outlook most such patients recover to continue productive lives. The best teacher is experience. Describing in detail his own recovery from a coronary thrombosis, Dr. Goodstone relates the medical care he received and considers the important factors, emotional and psychological, which guide the coronary patient back to health. With confidence and knowledge gained through many years in the
THE IMPACT OF SIX–MINUTE WALK TEST PERFORMANCE ON OUTCOMES AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT: INSIGHTS FROM THE PARTNER TRIAL
Authors: Philip Green, Ajay Kirtane, Philippe Genereux, Tom McAndrew, Irene Hueter, Maria Alu, Suzanne Arnold, Nirat Beohar, Charanjit Rihal, Michael Mack, Samir Kapadia, Mathew Maurer, Mathew Williams, Susheel Kodali, Martin Leon, David Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Results of Transfemoral or Transapical Aortic Valve Implantation Following a Uniform Assessment in High-Risk Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Dominique Himbert, Fleur Descoutures, Nawwar Al-Attar, Bernard Iung, Gregory Ducrocq, Delphine Détaint, Eric Brochet, David Messika-Zeitoun, Fady Francis, Hassan Ibrahim, Patrick Nataf, Alec Vahanian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Miscellaneous expense grants
Authors: B J Burke
Journal: BMJ (1977)

whereas 19 % of the women on diuretics had hypokalaemia of varying degrees.My conclusions are that the evidence in favour of a general recommendation of potassium supplementation in elderly, non- digitalised cardiac patients on diuretics is insufficient and that elderly women are prob- ably more prone to diuretic-associated hypo- kalaemia than elderly men.R
Regional co-ordinator for haemophilia in domiciliary practice.
Authors: B T Colvin, C Aston, G Davis, G C Jenkins, K M Dormandy
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The North-east Thames Region has appointed a nursing sister to co-ordinate the organisation of care for haemophiliacs in the region. As a result of the appointment, facilities for home treatment have expanded rapidly. Several associate centres providing care to haemophiliacs have been set up around the region in addition to the four main haemophilia centres, which are all in the south-west corner of the region. As well as providing support and supervision of patients on home treatment, the co-ordinator helps to place haemophiliac children in suitable schools, maintains the regional register of haemophiliacs, and has a more general role in ensuring that services are available where they are needed throughout the region.
Inhibition of Tumor Growth with Antiangiogenic Cancer Vaccine Using Epitope Peptides Derived from Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1
Authors: Hidenobu Ishizaki, Takuya Tsunoda, Satoshi Wada, Mai Yamauchi, Masabumi Shibuya, Hideaki Tahara
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Antiangiogenic therapy is now considered to be one of promising approaches to treat various types of cancer. In this study, we examined the possibility of developing antiangiogenic cancer vaccine targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) overexpressed on endothelial cells of newly formed vessels in the tumor. Experimental Design: Epitope-candidate peptides were predicted from the amino acid sequence of VEGFR1 based on their theoretical binding affinities to the corresponding HLAs. The A2/Kb transgenic mice, which express the α1 and α2 domains of human HLA-A*0201, were immunized with the epitope candidates to examine their effects. We also examined whether these peptides could induce human CTLs specific to the target cells in vitro. Results: The CTL responses in A2/Kb transgenic mice were induced with vaccination using identified epitope peptides restricted to HLA-A*0201. Peptide-specific CTL clones were also induced in vitro with these identified epitope peptides from peripheral blood mononuclear cells donated by healthy volunteers with HLA-A*0201. We established CTL clones in vitro from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with HLA-A*2402 as well. These CTL clones were shown to have potent cytotoxicities in a HLA class I–restricted manner not only against peptide-pulsed target cells but also against target cells endogenously expressing VEGFR1. Furthermore, immunization of A2/Kb transgenic mice with identified epitope peptides restricted to HLA-A*0201 was associated with significant suppression of tumor-induced angiogenesis and tumor growth without showing apparent adverse effects. Conclusions: These results strongly suggest that VEGFR1 is a promising target for antiangiogenic cancer vaccine and warrants further clinical development of this strategy.