tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Infarction risk found with calcium channel blocker
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Hypertensive patients with diabetes who are treated with the long acting calcium channel blocker nisoldipine are five times more likely than patients treated with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril to have a heart attack. These unexpected findings caused one arm of a study to be stopped and have raised renewed concerns over the safety of calcium channel blockers.

The appropriate blood pressure control in diabetes trial was led by Raymond Estacio and Robert Schrier from the University of Colorado Health Science Center ( New England Journal of Medicine 1998;338:645-52). The researchers enrolled 470 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus who were divided into two cohorts—one with high blood pressure and one with normal blood pressure. These cohorts were randomised to receive either intensive treatment of blood pressure, with the goal of dropping diastolic pressures by 10 mm Hg, or moderate treatment with no change in baseline diastolic blood pressures.

The normotensive cohort was subdivided into three groups—half of the cohort received placebo while the remaining half was equally divided into one …
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1–Dependent Leukocytic Infiltrates Are Responsible for Autoimmune Disease in Mrl-<i>Faslpr</i> Mice
Authors: Gregory H. Tesch, Stefanie Maifert, Andreas Schwarting, Barrett J. Rollins, Vicki Rubin Kelley
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Infiltrating leukocytes may be responsible for autoimmune disease. We hypothesized that the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 recruits macrophages and T cells into tissues that, in turn, are required for autoimmune disease. Using the MRL-Fas(lpr) strain with spontaneous, fatal autoimmune disease, we constructed MCP-1-deficient MRL-Fas(lpr) mice. In MCP-1-intact MRL-Fas(lpr) mice, macrophages and T cells accumulate at sites (kidney tubules, glomeruli, pulmonary bronchioli, lymph nodes) in proportion to MCP-1 expression. Deleting MCP-1 dramatically reduces macrophage and T cell recruitment but not proliferation, protects from kidney, lung, skin, and lymph node pathology, reduces proteinuria, and prolongs survival. Notably, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes and kidney Ig/C3 deposits are not diminished in MCP-1-deficient MRL-Fas(lpr) mice, highlighting the requirement for MCP-1-dependent leukocyte recruitment to initiate autoimmune disease. However, MCP-1-deficient mice are not completely protected from leukocytic invasion. T cells surrounding vessels with meager MCP-1 expression remain. In addition, downstream effector cytokines/chemokines are decreased in MCP-1-deficient mice, perhaps reflecting a reduction of cytokine-expressing leukocytes. Thus, MCP-1 promotes MRL-Fas(lpr) autoimmune disease through macrophage and T cell recruitment, amplified by increasing local cytokines/chemokines. We suggest that MCP-1 is a principal therapeutic target with which to combat autoimmune diseases.
Cerebral aspergillosis in a liver transplant recipient: a case report of long-term survival after combined treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and surgery
Authors: Rosa Maria Iemmolo, Andrea Rossanese, Andrea Rotilio, Gioacchino Mattisi, Giorgio Enrico Gerunda, Roberto Merenda, Daniele Neri, Gaetano Crepaldi, Mario Strazzabosco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Blood Donors with Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Robert S. Klein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 May 1996Blood Donors with Antibody to Hepatitis C VirusRobert S. Klein, MDRobert S. Klein, MDMontefiore Medical Center; Bronx, NY 10467Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-10-199605150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Shakil and colleagues [1] present interesting data on the correlations of clinical, biochemical, virologic, and histologic findings in persons with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Their findings are consistent with and expand on those of previous reports. It is important to note, however, the limitations of the study design suggesting that caution should be taken in generalizing some of Shakil and colleagues' findings.Of the 3653 blood donors who were positive for the antibody to HCV, were screened between 1991 and 1993, and were asked to participate in a long-term follow-up study, only 460 (12.6%) agreed to ...REFERENCE1. Shakil AO, Conry-Cantilena C, Alter HJ, Hayashi P, Kleiner DE, Tedeschi V, et al. Volunteer blood donors with antibody to hepatitis C virus: clinical, biochemical, virologic, and histologic features. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:330-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Montefiore Medical Center; Bronx, NY 10467 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1996Volume 124, Issue 10Page: 930KeywordsAlcoholismBlood donorsDrugsHepatitis AHepatitis C virusInfectious hepatitis Issue Published: 15 May 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Trends in parasuicide and unemployment among men in Edinburgh, 1968-82.
Authors: S Platt, N Kreitman
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Between 1968 and 1982 annual unemployment and annual incidence of parasuicide among men in Edinburgh were positively and highly significantly correlated (r = 0.77). Similarly, they were found to be correlated across the city wards in 1971 (r = 0.76) and, even more strongly, 1981 (r = 0.95). Throughout the period the incidence of parasuicide among the unemployed was nearly always more than 10 times higher than among the employed. Men unemployed for more than a year were at much higher risk than those out of work for shorter periods. These findings were considered to be consistent with the view that unemployment, especially if long term, increases the incidence of parasuicide. The official prediction of an increase in long term unemployment has important implications.
THE EDUCATIONAL ASPECT OF THE CANCER QUESTION
Authors: C. P. Childe
Journal: BMJ (1907)

exercised, and if, instead of a ball, a metal ring fitted with steel springs be used, this also could be carried about, and the fingers could then be exercised quietly in the coat pockets while walking about town or in trams, etc., as well as having the regular exercises before and after business hours.In stammering we must give tbe patient regular exercises of his speech muscles quietly by himself, as Demosthenes is reported to bave done, under surround- ings different from those which are apt to induce the spasm.In other cases, such as those of spasms of the laryngeal muscles, where exercises are less available, it may be necessary to resort to hypnotic suggestion in order to break the habit, but I have not yet seen such a case myself, and, on general principles, I should not resort to hypnotism unless I had failed to devise curative measures of a less dangerous kind.In all these cases a careful study of the morbid habit acquired will give us the clue -as to the best way of counteracting that habit, and so curing, or, at all events, greatly relieving, our patient.
Hematopoiesis in the human spleen
Authors: Melvin H. Freedman, E. Fred Saunders
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract To assess the capacity of the human spleen to function as a hematopoietic organ, spleen mononuclear cells from patients undergoing splenectomy were cultured to assay CFU‐E, BFU‐E, and CFU‐C. Although the peripheral blood from cases of hereditary spherocytosis, Gaucher disease, Thalassemia major, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura yielded 3–20 BFU‐E/5 × 10 5 cells plated and 1–7 CFU‐C/5 × 10 5 , suspensions of spleen cells failed to grow colonies. Histologically these spleens did not show extramedullary hematopoiesis. In contrast, peripheral blood from a patient with osteopetrosis (marble bone disease) yielded 130 BFU‐E/5 × 10 5 , 40 CFU‐E/5 × 10 5 , and 9 CFU‐C/5 × 10 5 . The spleen had extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis on microscopy and grew 180 BFU‐E/10 5 , 210 CFU‐E/10 5 , and 25 CFU‐C/10 5 . We conclude that spleens from patients without extramedullary hematopoiesis do not contain committed hematopoietic progenitors in spite of normal precursors in the blood. In osteopetrosis the spleen contained stem cells in a concentration comparable to bone marrow, and the embryonic role of the spleen in blood formation appeared to continue in postnatal life.
Management of the Medical Complications of Renal Transplantation: A Sequential Analysis.
Authors: Edward S. Spilkin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Management of the Medical Complications of Renal Transplantation: A Sequential Analysis.Edward S. Spilkin, M.D., James A. Greene Jr., M.D., John M. Weller, M.D., F.A.C.P.Edward S. Spilkin, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, James A. Greene Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John M. Weller, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1096_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe medical complications of 47 renal homotransplants done between March 1964 and October 1968 are analyzed. Complications classified according to their sequential occurrence were as follows: [1]In the pretransplant phase-hypertension, congestive heart failure, peripheral neuropathy, infections, malnutrition, and other problems related to the underlying renal failure. Adequate hemodialysis was necessary and useful in their management. [2]In the immediate posttransplant period—acute oliguric renal failure. Renal biopsy and evaluation of the clinical course aided in differentiating acute rejection from acute tubular necrosis. [3]During the 6 months after transplantation—azathioprine toxicity, episodes of acute rejection, hyperparathyroidism, and unusual infections. Weekly physical... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Edward S. Spilkin, M.D.; James A. GreeneJr., M.D.; John M. Weller, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Ann Arbor, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1096-1097KeywordsBiopsyHeart failureHyperparathyroidismMalnutritionNecrosisPeripheral neuropathyRenal analysisRenal failureRenal transplantationToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Observations on the Atrial Sound in Hypertension
Authors: HERMES A. KONTOS, WILLIAM SHAPIRO, V. ERIC KEMP
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Recovery from heart failure in hypertensive patients having an audible atrial sound was associated with decrease in the intensity of this sound and lengthening of the P-G interval. In most patients the atrial sound disappeared entirely. The rapid intravenous infusion of saline was invariably associated with the appearance of an audible atrial sound in 10 hypertensive patients with left ventricular disease. This procedure was ineffective in producing an audible atrial sound in nine normal subjects and in eight of nine hypertensive patients without left ventricular disease. In four hypertensive patients with left ventricular disease and an audible atrial sound, the infusion of saline resulted in increase in the intensity of the sound and shortening of the P-G interval. An audible atrial sound was most frequently found in association with left ventricular disease and elevation of atrial and ventricular diastolic pressures. The findings suggest that an audible atrial sound is frequently a manifestation of cardiac dysfunction.
Environmental exposure to benzene: an update.
Authors: L Wallace
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

During the 1990s, several large-scale studies of benzene concentrations in air, food, and blood have added to our knowledge of its environmental occurrence. In general, the new studies have confirmed the earlier findings of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) studies and other large-scale studies in Germany and the Netherlands concerning the levels of exposure and major sources. For example, the new studies found that personal exposures exceeded indoor concentrations of benzene, which in turn exceeded outdoor concentrations. The new studies of food concentrations have confirmed earlier indications that food is not an important pathway for benzene exposure. The results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on blood levels in a nationwide sample of 883 persons are in good agreement with the concentrations in exhaled breath measured in about 800 persons a decade earlier in the TEAM studies. Major sources of exposure continue to be active and passive smoking, auto exhaust, and driving or riding in automobiles. New methods in breath and blood sampling and analysis offer opportunities to investigate short-term peak exposures and resulting body burden under almost any conceivable field conditions.
GPR119 expression in normal human tissues and islet cell tumors: evidence for its islet-gastrointestinal distribution, expression in pancreatic beta and alpha cells, and involvement in islet function
Authors: Shinji Odori, Kiminori Hosoda, Tsutomu Tomita, Junji Fujikura, Toru Kusakabe, Yoshiya Kawaguchi, Ryuichiro Doi, Kyoichi Takaori, Ken Ebihara, Yoshiharu Sakai, Shinji Uemoto, Kazuwa Nakao
Journal: Metabolism (2012)
Smodingium (African 'poison ivy') dermatitis
Authors: G.H. FINDLAY, D.A. WHITING, S.H. EGGERS, R.P. ELLIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Smodingium (African ‘poison ivy’) dermatitis Get access G.H. FINDLAY, G.H. FINDLAY Department of Dermatology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.A. WHITING, D.A. WHITING Department of Dermatology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.H. EGGERS, S.H. EGGERS National Chemical Research Laboratory, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.P. ELLIS R.P. ELLIS Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 90, Issue 5, 1 May 1974, Pages 535–541, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06449.x Published: 01 May 1974 Article history Accepted: 02 August 1973 Published: 01 May 1974
A "FLUOROSCOPIC" DUODENAL BUCKET
Authors: Sylvan D. Manheim
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Within recent years, there have been devised many new duodenal buckets, differing from the original Einhorn bucket in that they are more round or more oval, lighter or heavier, or that the shape and number of fenestrations are altered. They all have as their ultimate object the more rapid entrance into the duodenum and the easier flow of bile. In my experience, the original Einhorn duodenal tip has yet to be improved on, as it enters the duodenum as quickly as any other and affords a drainage of bile as ample as can be. The one difficulty I have had with all the buckets was in determining, in the obstinate case, whether or not the bucket was in the duodenum. I have therefore devised a bucket in which can be placed a capsule containing barium sulphate, the outline of which can readily be seen through the spiral opening, on fluoroscopy
Skin Barrier Dysfunction and Low Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Hiraku Suga, Makoto Sugaya, Tomomitsu Miyagaki, Hanako Ohmatsu, Makiko Kawaguchi, Naomi Takahashi, Hideki Fujita, Yoshihide Asano, Yayoi Tada, Takafumi Kadono, Shinichi Sato
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Atopic dermatitis is characterized by decreased expression of filaggrin and loricrin. Patients with atopic dermatitis often suffer from skin infections, which are also frequently seen in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). In this study, we aimed to investigate the skin barrier in CTCL. Experimental Design: We assessed skin moisture and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in patients with CTCL. We next examined mRNA expression levels of filaggrin, loricrin, and antimicrobial peptides (AMP) in skin samples of CTCL, using skin from healthy volunteers and patients with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis as controls. Immunostainings for filaggrin, loricrin, and S100 proteins were also performed. Results: Lower levels of skin moisture accompanied by higher levels of TEWL were seen in lesional skin of CTCL than in normal skin. CTCL lesional skin contained lower levels of filaggrin and loricrin mRNA than normal skin, which was also true with atopic dermatitis and psoriatic skin. mRNA expression levels of filaggrin in CTCL skin negatively correlated with disease severity markers. Expression levels of AMPs in lesional skin of CTCL and atopic dermatitis were significantly lower than in psoriatic skin. Immunohistochemistry confirmed decreased expression of filaggrin and loricrin in CTCL, atopic dermatitis, and psoriatic skin and enhanced expression of S100 proteins in psoriatic skin. Conclusions: Our results show that there is barrier dysfunction in CTCL skin, similar to what is seen with atopic dermatitis skin. In addition, low AMP expression in CTCL skin was documented when compared with psoriatic skin, which may explain frequent infections that can occur in patients with CTCL. Clin Cancer Res; 20(16); 4339–48. ©2014 AACR.
Hypertension due to Renal Artery Stenosis Caused by Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: D. GORDON ABRAHAMS, E. H. O. PARRY
Journal: Circulation (1962)

An extensive aneurysm of the thoracic and abdominal aorta involving the left renal artery was found in a 21-year-old Nigerian man who presented with abdominal pain and hypertension. Nephrectomy was followed by a significantly lower pressure. The etiology of the aortic aneursym is discussed briefly.
Dihydrotestosterone inhibits murine hair growth via the androgen receptor
Authors: A. Naito, T. Sato, T. Matsumoto, K. Takeyama, T. Yoshino, S. Kato, M. Ohdera
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Androgens cause regression of human hair follicles in the parietofrontal scalp, but the precise mechanisms by which they do so are unknown. Although many investigators have elucidated the effect of androgens on hair growth by using rodents and other animals, some of the evidence is conflicting.To investigate the effect of androgens on mouse hair regrowth and hair cycle by using androgen receptor knockout (ARKO) mice. Methods We examined the effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on hair regrowth by using ARKO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates, compared the hair cycles in ARKO mice and WT littermates by histology and histomorphometry, and measured hair length and thickness in ARKO mice and WT littermates.DHT inhibited the hair regrowth of WT mice but not that of their ARKO littermates. The anagen phase in the second hair cycle was longer in ARKO mice than in their WT littermates. The hair of ARKO mice was longer and thicker than that of their WT littermates.Androgens inhibit hair growth in mice, and this inhibition might be caused by androgen-androgen receptor signals.
Innovation needs to follow reform for US to get better healthcare
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Healthcare reform in the United States requires a simultaneous change in technology, attitudes, work roles, and reimbursement, according to results of demonstration projects highlighted in the March edition of Health Affairs (http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/30/3.toc).

A piecemeal or partial change in one area or a few areas will not be enough, and often care providers will slide back into old patterns of delivering care once the funding of a demonstration project ends, authors warn.

The results of the projects were presented at a conference on innovation in December, sponsored by the journal, and were released on 8 March.

One project, by the Baylor Health Care System, introduced off the shelf electronic health records into 26 primary care practices in north Texas …
Moraxella infectious arthritis: first report in an adult.
Authors: J Rosenbaum, D H Lieberman, W A Katz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

The first occurrence of septic arthritis due to moraxella in an adult is reported. The clinical presentation mimicked disseminated gonococcaemia with associated gonococcal arthritis except for an atypical rash. Diagnosis was made by culture.
Difference in Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor-Mediated Hyperpolarization and Nitric Oxide Release Between Human Internal Mammary Artery and Saphenous Vein
Authors: Z.-G. Liu, Z.-D. Ge, G.-W. He
Journal: Circulation (2000)

The greater nitric oxide (NO) release that occurs in the internal mammary artery (IMA) when compared with the saphenous vein (SV) has been suggested by more endothelium-dependent relaxation in the IMA or measured by bioassay; however, no direct measurement of NO- or endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated hyperpolarization has been reported. The present study measured such hyperpolarization, as well as NO release, in these vessels.IMA (n=46) and SV (n=61) segments taken from patients undergoing coronary surgery were studied in the organ chamber. Hyperpolarization (by intracellular glass microelectrode) and NO release (by NO-sensitive electrode) in response to acetylcholine and bradykinin, with and without incubation with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine, indomethacin, and oxyhemoglobin, were measured. The resting membrane potential of the smooth muscle cells from the IMA (58+/-0.8 mV; n=15) was higher than that in those from the SV (-62+/-0.9 mV; n=23; P:=0.0001). The EDHF-mediated hyperpolarization induced by acetylcholine (10(-5) mol/L: -9.4+/-1.5 mV in IMA, n=10, versus -4. 5+/-1.0 mV in SV, n=17; P:<0.01) and bradykinin (10(-7) mol/L: -10. 9+/-1.5 mV in IMA, n=8, versus -5.1+/-0.5 mV in SV, n=8; P:<0.01) and the basal release of NO (16.8+/-1.6 nmol/L in IMA, n=13, versus 9.9+/-2.8 nmol/L in SV, n=13; P:<0.001) were significantly greater in the IMA than in the SV. The duration of acetylcholine- and bradykinin-induced NO release was longer in the IMA than in the SV.The basal release of NO and EDHF-mediated hyperpolarization were significantly greater in the IMA than in the SV. In addition, the duration of the stimulated release of NO was longer in the IMA than in the SV. These differences may contribute to the superior long-term patency of IMA grafts.
LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSSYNCHRONY, LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD POSITION AND MYOCARDIAL SCAR: LONG-TERM SURVIVAL PREDICTORS OF ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE PATIENTS AFTER CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY
Authors: Victoria Delgado, Rutger J. van Bommel, Matteo Bertini, CT Arnold Ng, C. Jan Willem Borleffs, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Gaetano Nucifora, Nico RL van de Veire, Claudia Ypenburg, Eduard R. Holman, Ernst E. van der Wall, Martin J. Schalij, Jeroen J. Bax
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)