tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Separation of Conjoined Twins with the Twin Reversed-Arterial-Perfusion Sequence after Prenatal Planning with Three-Dimensional Modeling
Authors: Errol R. Norwitz, Lennox P.J. Hoyte, Kathy J. Jenkins, Mary E. van der Velde, Peter Ratiu, Diana Rodriguez-Thompson, Louise Wilkins-Haug, Clare M.C. Tempany, Steven J. Fishman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

There are two congenital anomalies specific to multifetal pregnancies: twin reversed-arterial-perfusion sequence and conjoined twinning. The twin reversed-arterial-perfusion sequence is a rare complication of monozygous twinning in which one fetus (the “pump” twin) perfuses the other fetus (the “perfused” twin), resulting in reversed flow in the umbilical vessels and multiple structural anomalies, including acardia, in the perfused twin.1 It occurs in fewer than 1 percent of pregnancies with monozygous twins and in about 1 in 35,000 births overall.2,3 Conjoined twinning occurs as a result of incomplete duplication of a single blastocyst during the process of monozygotic twinning.4 It is . . .
Carcinoma in Situ of the Uterine Cervix
Authors: Edith L. Potter
Journal: JAMA (1961)

With the growing use of cervical smears to detect the presence of abnormal cells desquamated from the cervix, the problems of the pathologist and clinician in diagnosing early cervical carcinoma have considerably increased. Any experienced pathologist can make a histological diagnosis on a clear-cut case with ease, but when less distinctive changes are present, it is often difficult to determine the potentialities for epithelial growth. This includes the differentiation of carcinoma in situ from abnormalities which are benign and reversible on the one hand, and from early invasive carcinoma on the other. In this book, the authors contribute a great deal to the diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of the cervix. They demonstrate different histologic patterns in excellent photomicrographs which will be of help to any pathologist examining histologic sections of the cervix. They stress the fact that there are all gradations between a benign and malignant state, and show
WHO confronts Chinese company over malaria drug
Authors: Anne Glusker
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The World Health Organization is asking a Chinese pharmaceutical company to stop making a malaria drug that earns millions of dollars annually in revenues.

The move is part of a campaign to combat increasing resistance to antimalarials and to promote use of combination treatments. The drug's manufacturer, Kunming Pharmaceutical, which is owned by the Holley Group and publicly traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, is refusing to halt sales, which amounted to $5m (£2.6m; €3.8m) in 2004, according to the Wall Street Journal (http://online.wsj.com, 6 Mar, “China's pride on line in malaria clash”).

The confrontation may prove awkward for Margaret Chan, the newly elected director general of WHO, who is from Hong Kong. One of the questions raised about Chan's …
Exhibition aims to encourage people to donate a kidney
Authors: Kathryn Godfrey
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A photographic exhibition aimed at raising awareness of kidney donation from live donors is being launched at a meeting of the British Transplant Society next week.

The photographs of donors and recipients, taken before and after donation, are accompanied by quotations from the subjects. The aim of the project is to address concerns and misconceptions that patients and families may have about living donation and to increase the uptake of this option.

Last year Susan donated a kidney to her long term partner, Richard, as life with a partner on dialysis and two children had become too difficult. …
Histamine Induces Tissue Factor Expression
Authors: Jan Steffel, Alexander Akhmedov, Helen Greutert, Thomas F. Lüscher, Felix C. Tanner
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Histamine can induce coronary vasospasm, leading to variant angina and acute myocardial infarction. However, the role of histamine in thrombus formation is ill defined. Hence, this study investigates whether histamine induces tissue factor (TF) expression in vascular cells. Methods and Results— Histamine (10 −8 to 10 −5 mol/L) induced TF expression in a concentration-dependent manner in human aortic endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas TF pathway inhibitor expression remained unaffected. RT-PCR and Northern blotting revealed that histamine stimulated TF mRNA transcription, peaking at 1 hour. Protein expression increased 18-fold ( P &lt;0.02) with a maximum at 5 hours, which was paralleled by a 4-fold augmentation in surface activity ( P &lt;0.01). These effects were completely prevented by pretreatment with the H 1 receptor antagonists mepyramine ( P &lt;0.0001), chlorpheniramine, and diphenhydramine but not the H 2 receptor antagonist cimetidine ( P =NS). Histamine induced a time-dependent, H 1 receptor–mediated activation of p38 MAP kinase (p38), p44/42 MAP kinase (ERK), and c-jun terminal NH 2 kinase (JNK). Blocking of p38, ERK, or JNK with SB203580 ( P &lt;0.0001), PD98059 ( P &lt;0.0001), or SP600125 ( P &lt;0.0001), respectively, impaired histamine-induced TF expression in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, histamine-stimulated TF expression was increased by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibition with LY294002 or wortmannin, whereas it was not affected by Rho-kinase inhibition with Y-27632 or hydroxyfasudil. Conclusions— Histamine induces expression of TF, but not TF pathway inhibitor, in vascular cells via activation of the H 1 , but not H 2 , receptor. This effect is mediated by the MAP kinases p38, ERK, and JNK. This observation may open novel perspectives in the treatment of variant angina and acute coronary syndromes.
Automated preoperative planning of femoral stem in total hip arthroplasty from 3D CT data: Atlas-based approach and comparative study
Authors: Itaru Otomaru, Masahiko Nakamoto, Yoshiyuki Kagiyama, Masaki Takao, Nobuhiko Sugano, Noriyuki Tomiyama, Yukio Tada, Yoshinobu Sato
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2011)
The Schizophrenia Phenotype in 22q11 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Anne S. Bassett, Eva W.C. Chow, Philip AbdelMalik, Mirona Gheorghiu, Janice Husted, Rosanna Weksberg
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the schizophrenia phenotype in 24 subjects with 22q11 deletion syndrome (22qDS) and schizophrenia (22qDS-schizophrenia), a rare but relatively homogenous genetic subtype of schizophrenia associated with a microdeletion on chromosome 22. Individuals with 22qDS are at genetically high risk for schizophrenia. METHOD: Standard measures of signs, symptoms, and course of schizophrenia were assessed in 16 adults with 22qDS-schizophrenia who did not meet criteria for mental retardation and in 46 adults with schizophrenia without evidence of 22qDS from a community familial sample. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age at onset, lifetime or cross-sectional core positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms, or global functioning between the two groups of patients with schizophrenia. Patients with 22qDS-schizophrenia had higher excitement subscale scores and less lifetime substance use than the comparison patients with schizophrenia, but no significant differences in anxiety-depression symptom severity were found between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the core clinical schizophrenia phenotype would not distinguish individuals with a 22qDS subtype from those with schizophrenia who did not have the 22qDS subtype. The results provide further support for the utility of 22qDS-schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia as well as support for prospective studies of individuals with 22qDS to help identify precursors of schizophrenia.
Laryngeal resistance immediately after panting in asthmatic subjects.
Authors: M Yanai, T Ohrui, K Sekizawa, H Sasaki, T Takishima
Journal: Thorax (1989)

The panting manoeuvre may be used during the assessment of airway resistance and in asthmatic patients during bronchial provocation testing or spontaneous asthma. To study whether panting opens the larynx in patients with asthma, laryngeal resistance was examined in six patients with stable asthma before and after methacholine induced bronchoconstriction and in another six patients with spontaneous asthma. Subjects were asked to pant and then to hold their breath immediately afterwards. Laryngeal resistance after panting was compared to that during quiet tidal breathing. Change in laryngeal resistance was estimated by a method using low frequency sound and respiratory resistance by forced oscillation at 10 Hz. Mean baseline respiratory resistance during inspiration was 0.245 and 0.470 kPa/l.s before and after methacholine in the patients with stable asthma and 0.480 kPa/l.s in the patients with spontaneous asthma. In the patients with stable asthma mean laryngeal resistance was lower after panting than during the preceding quiet tidal breathing, both before and after methacholine induced bronchoconstriction (by 0.08 before and by 0.065 kPa/l.s after). In contrast, the patients with spontaneous asthma showed an increase in laryngeal resistance after panting of 0.089 kPa/l.s. The magnitude of change in laryngeal resistance after panting was similar to the change in respiratory resistance in the patients with spontaneous asthma and in the patients with stable asthma after methacholine, but was greater than the change in respiratory resistance in the patients with stable asthma before methacholine. These results suggest that panting may cause different effects on the laryngeal aperture in patients with stable and spontaneous asthma.
Abstract 4185: Serum concentrations of angiogenesis-related molecules in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Hideharu Kimura, Hiroki Sakamoto, Tomoyuki Nagai, Kanae Kudo, Kazuyuki Furuta, Tokuzo Arao, Masayuki Kitano, Masatoshi Kudo, Kazuto Nishio
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Objectives: A number of antiangiogenic inhibitors have been studied in clinical settings, some of which are now under clinical evaluation in pancreas cancers (PC), therefore, prognostic marker of angiogenesis-related molecules in PC is needed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the serum levels of angiogenesis-related factors in patients with pancreas cancer. Methods: The plasma samples obtained from 45 pancreas cancers (PC) were analyzed compared with 9 pancreatitis (P), 16 benign hepatobiliary diseases (HD) and 58 colorectal cancers (CC). Serum angiogenesis-related factors including Angiopoietin-2, Follistatin, G-CSF, HGF, IL-8, Leptin, PDGF-BB, PECAM-1 and VEGF were determined by antibody suspension bead arrays system. Results: All of the serum angiogenesis-related factors were not increased in PC compared with P and HD, while those of CC were markedly increased. Although IL-8 levels were not increased in most samples of PC, it was significantly increased in patients with distant metastases and there was a trend toward to a shorter survival. Conclusions: Serum levels of angiogenesis-related factors were basically not increased in patients with PC, however, serum IL-8 levels may reflect PC progression and shorter survival. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4185. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4185
790 Bronchialhyperreactivity in young asthmatics: Comparison between exercise and ultrasonically nebulized nonisotonicsolutions
Authors: M CASTELBRANCO, J MOREIRASILVA, H FALCAO, J RODRIGUES, I LOPES, F CARBALLADA, C CUESTA, P LIMA, M AZEVEDO
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
"Pigeon Mites" Causing a Pruritic Dermatitis
Authors: S. Bert Litwin
Journal: JAMA (1961)

BIRD and fowl mites are important in the transmission of viruses, spirochetes, rickettsiae, Salmonellae, Bartonellae, Pasteurellae, Sporozoa, hemogregarines, flagellates, and filariae. They may also cause simple local discomfort in the form of dermatitis and pruritus while temporarily residing on the skin of a human host. Such mites have spread from infested pigeons, swallows, warblers, canaries, and starlings. A case of spread from pigeons to a human host is reported here with a brief comment. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 21-year-old female, previously in good health, was seen because of pruritus on her lower legs. Approximately 2 weeks prior, she had noted the onset of intense pruritus greatest on her lower legs and extending as high as the buttocks. This was characteristically nocturnal; the patient recalled scratching intensely during most of the night while attempting to sleep. Relief could temporarily be obtained by bathing with soap and warm water. In
Access to Experimental Drugs in Terminal Illness: Ethical Issues
Authors: Henry S. Perkins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes1 June 1999Access to Experimental Drugs in Terminal Illness: Ethical IssuesHenry S. Perkins, MDHenry S. Perkins, MDThe University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. (Perkins)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-11-199906010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Schüklenk U. 228 pages. New York: Pharmaceutical Products Pr; 1998. $49.95. ISBN 0789005638. Order phone 800-429-6784.Field of medicine: Palliative care and medical ethics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: AIDS specialists, palliative care specialists, and medical ethicists.Purpose: To advocate letting patients with terminal disease take experimental drugs outside of research trials.Content: Using AIDS patients as a focus, the author draws on philosophy, science, and economics to support his position. He cites individual choice as a core western value and argues that society must permit people to make informed, logical choices, even though these choices may prove harmful to themselves. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. (Perkins) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1999Volume 130, Issue 11Page: 951KeywordsAIDSBioethicsClinical trialsDrug research and developmentDrug therapyDrugsPalliative carePatient advocacyQuality of lifeReasoning ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 June 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Natural rubber latex allergy in a health-care population in Wales
Authors: M.M.U. Chowdhury, B.N. Statham
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Natural rubber latex allergy in a health‐care population in Wales Get access M.M.U. Chowdhury, M.M.U. Chowdhury Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Box 100, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, U.K Dr M.M.U.Chowdhury. E‐mail: mabs@chowdhurym.freeserve.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.N. Statham B.N. Statham Department of Dermatology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea SA2 8QA, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 4, 1 April 2003, Pages 737–740, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05114.x Published: 01 April 2003 Article history Accepted: 07 August 2002 Published: 01 April 2003
Use of lipid lowering drugs for primary prevention of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of randomised trials
Authors: Michael Pignone, Christopher Phillips, Cynthia Mulrow
Journal: BMJ (2000)

To summarise the effect of primary prevention with lipid lowering drugs on coronary heart disease events, coronary heart disease mortality, and all cause mortality.Meta-analysis.Systematic search of the Medline database from January 1994 to June 1999 for English language studies examining drug treatment for lipid disorders (use of the MeSH terms "hyperlipidemia" and "anticholesteremic agents," keyword searches for individual drug names, and a search strategy for identifying randomised trials to capture relevant articles); identification of older studies through systematic reviews and hand search of bibliographies.All randomised trials of at least one year's duration that examined drug treatment for patients with no known coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral vascular disease and that measured clinical end points, including all cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, and non-fatal myocardial infarctions.Review of the articles and extracted relevant data by two authors separately, with disagreements resolved by consensus.Four studies met eligibility criteria. Drug treatment reduced the odds of a coronary heart disease event by 30% (summary odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.62 to 0.79) but not the odds of all cause mortality (0.94, 0.81 to 1.09). When statin drugs were considered alone, no substantial differences in results were found.Treatment with lipid lowering drugs lasting five to seven years reduces coronary heart disease events but not all cause mortality in people with no known cardiovascular disease.
Towards the patient revolution
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2014)

In an editorial last year we called for a patient revolution (doi:10.1136/bmj.f2614). We said that patients, far more than clinicians, understand the impact of disease and treatment. We said that clinicians and patients therefore needed to work in partnership if we are to improve healthcare. We talked about corruption in the mission of healthcare and the need to challenge deeply ingrained practices and behaviours. We said that we wanted to develop a strategy for patient partnership at the BMJ , that we planned to establish a panel of patients and clinicians to help us with this work—and that we would report back …
Size-Dependent Mutability and Microsatellite Constraints
Authors: D. Falush, Y. Iwasa
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1999)

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, JapanWe investigate a model of microsatellite evolution in which both the mutation rate and the average change in arraysize caused by each mutation increase with the size of the array. Consequently, ‘‘mutability,’’ the rate at whichmutation creates variance in size, increases rapidly. Mutation is upwardly biased for arrays of all sizes. We ﬁnd apattern of microsatellite array size evolution that is not directional but cyclical. Throughout the greater part of eachcycle, array size increases steadily. Longer array sizes entail a progressive increase in mutability, which inevitablyleads to the array returning to a small size. Both the duration and the amplitude of each cycle are stochastic, butarray size never remains large for a long period. Because of this property, size dependence in mutability can limitboth the mean and variance in array size. This mechanism provides a novel explanation for the observed constraintson microsatellite array sizes.
Irreversible Renal Failure Secondary to Hypertension Induced by Oral Contraceptives
Authors: BARRY J. ZACHERLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Oral contraceptive therapy was responsible for two episodes of severe hypertension in a young woman. On the second occasion she developed malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis that progressed to end-stage renal failure before the contraceptive therapy was stopped. She is now well, requiring no antihypertensive medications, after maintenance hemodialysis, bilateral nephrectomy, and kidney transplantation. The implications of this rare but not unexpected complication from the casual use of hormonal contraceptives are discussed.
Facing the Ethical Questions in Facial Transplantation
Authors: George J. Agich, Maria Siemionow
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2004)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1 The more recent rejection on February 6, 2004 of a proposal for facial transplantation by the French National Consultative Bioethics Committee similarly deserves critical analysis (CitationComité Consultatif National d'Ethique pour les sciences de la vie et de la santé 2004).
Junior doctors need to work more than 48 hours a week
Authors: A M Hamade, A K AlDabbagh
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—Rory Watson reports that the European Commission is canvassing the degree of support for extending the 48 hour week to the small group of professions that was originally excluded from the legislation adopted in 1993.1 The social affairs commissioner, Padraig Flynn, said: “The …
ASSOCIATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CULPRIT ATHEROMATIC PLAQUES WITH THE OUTCOME OF THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY: NEW IMPLICATIONS OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Konstantinos Toutouzas, Elefterios Tsiamis, Antonis Karanasos, Maria Drakopoulou, Andreas Synetos, Maria Riga, Costas Tsioufis, Dimitrios Tousoulis, Elli Stefanadi, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Kaposi's Sarcoma and Hepatitis B Vaccine
Authors: MARTIN H. POLESKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

ExcerptTo the editor: Fauci (1) in his editorial discussing the reports of Kaposi's sarcoma and opportunistic infections in young homosexual men asked two questions that I am sure have been in many readers' minds: Why homosexual men and why occurrence or recognition only as recently as 1979? The development of multiple viral bacterial and parasitic infections, or the use of illicit drugs, or both, may result in profound immune incompetence. However, many of these factors have existed in the homosexual population for years. The clustering of cases in New York City, Los Angeles, and San Francisco suggests a local factor....
Paradoxical glottic narrowing in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea.
Authors: I Rubinstein, A S Slutsky, N Zamel, V Hoffstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Most patients with obstructive sleep apnea have increased pharyngeal collapsibility (defined in the present study as an increased lung volume dependence of pharyngeal area), which predisposes them to upper airway occlusion during sleep. However, there are patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea who have low-normal pharyngeal collapsibility. The factors leading to nocturnal upper airway obstruction in such patients have not been ascertained. We studied 10 overweight male patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea and low-normal pharyngeal collapsibility to determine the site of upper airway pathology in these patients. We found that all 10 patients exhibited paradoxical inspiratory narrowing of the glottis during quiet tidal breathing. This phenomenon was not observed in a matched group of 10 snoring, nonapneic male controls. We conclude that paradoxical glottic narrowing may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of upper airway obstruction in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea who have low-normal pharyngeal collapsibility.
Calcium in electromechanical dissociation
Authors: Y. S. Choi
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —We noted that in the latest standards for emergency cardiac care published in JAMA , 1 calcium was no longer recommended as a drug to be given for electromechanical dissociation. Furthermore, the guidelines for neonatal advanced life support state that there is no current evidence that two previously recommended drugs, atropine and calcium, are useful in the acute phase of neonatal resuscitation. 1 Overall, this recommendation seems reasonable, since calcium may have a detrimental role in cardiac disease 2,3 and has not been shown to be of benefit in prehospital cardiac arrest 4 or in the treatment of electromechanical dissociation. 5,6 However, in a certain subset of patients it may deserve another look. We report two cases in which a 10% infusion of gluconate calcium (0.5 mL/kg) immediately corrected hyperkalemia-associated electromechanical dissociation.  Report of Cases.  Case 1.  —Triplet C was a girl born at 28 weeks of gestation