tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Saudi Arabia curbs tranquilliser prescribing
Authors: P. Kandela
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Urgent action is needed to curb the excessive prescribing and use of tranquillisers and hypnotics in Saudi Arabia, said its health minister, Dr Osama Shabakshi, last week. The health ministry is considering setting up a national computer network to link all pharmacies, hospitals, and primary health centres. This will make it easier to identify patients who have been prescribed such drugs and more difficult for people to get drugs from more than one source.

The health ministry is anxious to avoid giving the impression that there is an epidemic …
A STONE PHONENDOSCOPE TUBE.
Authors: HOWARD J. WILLIAMS
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Recently while examining a patient for stone in the bladder I wished to test the conductivity of the sounds by the phonendoscope placed over the suprapubic space while the searcher was being moved about in the bladder. The results were unsatisfactory, but the idea was suggested by the experiment of attaching the phonendoscope to the searcher. A medium-sized screw was procured, the head and point of which being removed the shank fitted in the handle of a Thompson stone searcher, while the thread end caught snugly in the opening in the cardiac diaphragm of the phonendoscope. The connection being made, I repeated the examination and was rewarded by finding that the sounds were easily carried to the ear, intensified by the vibrations of the middle diaphragm of the phonendoscope. I was so well pleased with this rough combination of the two instruments that I at once drew a design of
Bryostatin-1 Enhances the Maturation and Antigen-Presenting Ability of Murine and Human Dendritic Cells
Authors: Yoonkyung Do, Venkatesh L. Hegde, Prakash S. Nagarkatti, Mitzi Nagarkatti
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract In this study, we investigated the effect of bryostatin-1 (Bryo-1), an antineoplastic agent, on dendritic cell (DC) maturation, activation, and functions. Murine bone marrow-derived DCs on culture with Bryo-1 alone, Bryo-1 + calcium ionophore (CI), but not CI alone exhibited morphologic changes characteristic of mature DCs and expressed increased levels of CD40, CD80, and CD86. Moreover, Bryo-1 + CI–treated DCs exhibited enhanced antigen-presenting ability to naive and antigen-specific T cells and alloreactive T cells. Bryo-1 + CI–mediated activation of DCs involved protein kinase C (PKC), especially PKC-α, -δ, and -ι, and addition of PKC inhibitors impaired their ability to activate T cells. Bryo-1 + CI treatment of DCs did not activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38 MAPK, or stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathways. Finally, treatment of DCs with Bryo-1 alone and Bryo-1 + CI, but not CI alone, induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB as studied by confocal microscopy. DCs generated from human peripheral blood monocytes or from human cord blood CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells, when cultured with Bryo-1 + CI, also showed maturation and increased T-cell stimulatory activity. Bryo-1 + CI was more potent in inducing maturation and activation of DCs when compared with other agents such as tumor necrosis factor α, lipopolysaccharide, or phorbol 12-myristate 13acetate + CI. Collectively, the current study shows for the first time that Bryo-1 alone or in combination with CI may promote the maturation of DCs and therefore may be useful in development of DC-based cancer immunotherapy.
GENDER DIFFERENCE IN CULPRIT LESION CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH ACS: AN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: JinWei Tian, Sining Hu, Haibo Jia, Farhad Abtahian, Koji Kato, Taishi Yonetsu, Rocco Vergallo, Iris McNulty, Shaosong Zhang, Bo Yu, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Congenital hyperthyroidism caused by a solitary toxic adenoma harboring a novel somatic mutation (serine281--&gt;isoleucine) in the extracellular domain of the thyrotropin receptor.
Authors: P Kopp, S Muirhead, N Jourdain, W X Gu, J L Jameson, C Rodd
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Activating somatic mutations in the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor have been identified as a cause of hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas, and germline mutations have been found in familial nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism and sporadic congenital hyperthyroidism. All mutations reported to date have been located in the transmembrane domain. We now report an example of an activating mutation in the extracellular, TSH-binding domain, found in a male infant with congenital hyperthyroidism due to a toxic adenoma. The pregnancy was remarkable for fetal tachycardia. Scintigraphic studies demonstrated a large nodule in the right lobe, and a hemithyroidectomy was performed at the age of 2 yr. Direct sequencing of the TSH receptor gene revealed a mutation in one allele resulting in a substitution of serine281 by isoleucine (Ser281--> Ile) in the extracellular domain. The mutation was restricted to the adenomatous tissue. Expression of the Ser281--> Ile mutation in vitro revealed an increase in basal cAMP levels. Affinity for TSH was increased by the mutation. These findings demonstrate that activating mutations can also occur in the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor, and support a model in which the extracellular domain serves to restrain receptor function in the absence of TSH or antibody-induced conformational changes.
Internal Medicine and Family Medicine
Authors: Richard B. Davis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 September 1996Internal Medicine and Family MedicineRichard B. Davis, MD, PhDRichard B. Davis, MD, PhDWilliamsburg, VA 23188Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00046 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his recent paper [1], Dr. Saultz suggested that rotations in family medicine might be established for residents in internal medicine. In fact, that suggestion was anticipated more than 45 years ago by Dr. Ellsworth L. Amidon, who at that time was Chairman of the Department of Internal Medicine at the University of Vermont College of Medicine. Long before family medicine was recognized as an academic discipline, first-year residents in internal medicine were assigned to serve as “city physicians” in Burlington, Vermont, for 6 months. In this capacity, the residents were responsible for the immediate health needs ...References1. Saultz JW. Reflections on internal medicine and family medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:600-3. Google Scholar2. Davis RB, Kresge DJ. Domiciliary medical practice in an indigent population. JAMA. 1956; 1617-24. Google Scholar3. Langdon LO, Toskes PP, Kimball HR, the American Board of Internal Medicine Task Force on Subspecialty Internal Medicine. Future roles and training of internal medicine subspecialists. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:686-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Williamsburg, VA 23188 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 6Page: 525KeywordsAcademic medicineEpidemiologyHealth careSub-specialty care Issue Published: 15 September 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cardiac arrest and bone cement.
Authors: P M Frost
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BMITURH risk of cardiac arrest.There is an added advantage since cement extruding through these holes acts as a key preventing rota- tional strains from loosening the cement in the shaft.I had hoped to study the long-term results by x-ray films using radio-opaque cement but, unfortunately, there was some reluctance to use this substance in case of toxic effects.-Iam, etc.,
SAFETY FOR RADIOLOGIST AND PATIENT IN DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC RADIOLOGY
Authors: HENRY K. PANCOAST
Journal: JAMA (1931)

The discovery of the therapeutic properties of x-rays was the outcome of the observation of damage to tissues as the result of prolonged exposure. Any therapeutic agent that is dangerous to tissues or to life must be administered according to standardized dosage, which must be determined by experience and animal experimentation. Before the dangerous properties of x-rays were known, some of the early patients were the victims. Steps were then taken to attempt to prescribe a safe limit for irradiation, but several years elapsed before this could be accomplished in an entirely satisfactory manner. The operator of the equipment was exposed to the radiation to a less amount than the patient, but continually, and the early roentgenologists, technicians, and even manufacturers became the victims of damage to their skin which was later found to be irreparable. The chronic and irritated ulcerations became the seat of cancerous degenerations in many instances,
Staph Gene Swappers
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE DETECTION OF GAS IN THE TISSUES BY X RAYS
Authors: H. Black
Journal: BMJ (1917)

m CASE III.Pte. A. S.There was an irregular incised wound oln the inner side of the left calf.X-ray report: Two pieces of metal and gas preseint (Fig. 3).Treatieut.-Metalremoved and free drainagre established.Temperature 1040, pulse 140.Peroxide bath given.A few days later hie was discharged to Englantd.CASE IV.Pte. F. N. was woun(led iin the upper Part of the left calf.There was conisi(lerable swellinig.The proseiice of gas was ilot suspecte(l.Temperature 102c, pulse 120.X-ray report: beveral pieces of metal, an(l g%s, present.T'reathievt.-Themetal was removed, and the wouni( freely opene(l.The temperature wa7s tlheni 103 .OIn the folloVing day the temperature wits 1040, pulse 144.As the pthtteint's c-ondition conitinued to get worse, amputation wvas performed.On the followinig day temperature 102>, pulse 110.A week later the patienit was dischlarged to Englaniid; temperature 100'. CASE V.Here, too, the presenice of gas was diagnose(l by the d, rays (Fig. 5) before aniy cliniical evi(lece was visible, except some swellinig of the leg, which might have beenl (mlie to anl ordinary.septic wouild.CASE VI.Pte. A.-.M. was wouindedl ini the lknee, niear the headl of the fibula.X-ray report: No metal present.TThe skiagraini sug- gested tlle presenice of gas in thie anterior portioni of the kniee- joint, above the level of the patella.Temperature 1020.pulse 116.Next (lay temperature 1010, pulse 112.He was discharged to Enlglalnd. CASE VII.Pte. A. G. Was woun(le(l a!)ont the mniddle of the patella.X-ray report: Sorime (lamage to the lower pole of the patella.A piece of metal lies just below aInd initernial to this bonie.No gas ws IIotice(d at the subsequenlt operationi.The recovery was unin1terrupted, the temperature being normalD after the fifth dty.Again, comDpare witlh these last two the followinig: CASE vIII.In this case no wound was presenit.The slha(low of the air space (Fig. 8i wvas probably caused by a bursa under the tendon of the quLadriceps extensor.
1059-24 Physical activity attenuates the risk of stroke in middle-age men with left ventricular hypertrophy: 40-year follow-up (1961–2001) of the Corfu cohort (Seven countries study)
Authors: Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Christos Pitsavos, Christina Chrysohoou, Alessandro Menotti, John Skoumas, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Relation between ambient air pollution and low birth weight in the Northeastern United States.
Authors: M Maisonet, T J Bush, A Correa, J J Jaakkola
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We evaluated the relation between term low birth weight (LBW) and ambient air levels of carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter up to 10 microm in diameter (PM(10)), and sulfur dioxide (SO(2)). The study population consisted of singleton, term live births (37-44 weeks of gestation) born between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 1996 in six northeastern cities of the United States: Boston, Massachusetts; Hartford, Connecticut; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Springfield, Massachusetts; and Washington, DC. Birth data were obtained from National Center for Health Statistics Natality Data Sets. Infants with a birth weight < 2,500 g were classified as LBW. Air monitoring data obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency were used to estimate average trimester exposures to ambient CO, PM(10), and SO(2). Our results suggest that exposures to ambient CO and SO(2) increase the risk for term LBW. This risk increased by a unit increase in CO third trimester average concentration [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06,1.62]. Infants with SO(2) second trimester exposures falling within the 25 and < 50th (AOR 1.21; CI 1.07,1.37), the 50 to < 75th (AOR 1.20; CI 1.08,1.35), and the 75 to < 95th (AOR 1.21; CI 1.03,1.43) percentiles were also at increased risk for term LBW when compared to those in the reference category (< 25th percentile). There was no indication of a positive association between prenatal exposures to PM(10) and term LBW. Increased ambient levels of air pollution may be associated with an increased risk for LBW.
Abstract 2687: Immunopotentiator, protein-bound polysaccharide K, is efficient for advanced gastric cancer with negative expression of MHC Class I
Authors: Ito Gentaro, Tanaka Hiroaki, Yoshi Mami, Iwauchi Takehiro, Muguruma Kazuya, Kubo, Naoshi, Nagahara Hisashi, Kimura Kenjiro, Amano Ryosuke, Noda Eiji, Yamada Nobuya, Yashiro Masakazu, Onoda Naoyoshi, Maeda Kiyoshi, Nakata Bunzo, Ohira Masaichi, Ishikawa Tetsuro, Hirakawa Kosei
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract It has been reported that down-regulation of MHC class I in cancer cells was associated with poor prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer, because of immunological escape from the attack of antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Protein-bound polysaccharide K (PSK), nonspecific immunopotentiator, is approved for adjuvant chemotherapy against Stage II/III gastric cancer in Japan. Several randomized studies have demonstrated the efficacy of immunochemotherapy using PSK for colon and gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether expression of MHC class I was associated with prognosis of the patients who received PSK as postoperative adjuvant therapy. We retrospectively analyzed total of 349 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative gastric cancer surgery in Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University from 1995 to 2008. We investigated the expression of MHC class I antigen in primary lesions using immunohistchemistry to compare the relapse-free survival (RFS) between the patients receiving only oral fluoropyrimidine agents (the control group) and plus PSK (the PSK group). 124 patients were assigned to the PSK group and 225 patients to the control group. There were no differences between two groups in background factors. In analysis of MHC class I expression, 193 patients were classified as MHC class I positive, and 156 patients as MHC class I negative. RFS was significantly better in MHC class I positive group. Combination of anti cancer agents with PSK did not improve the RFS among total patients. However, in patients with multiple lymph node metastasis and negative expression of MHC class I, the 5-year RFS of the PSK group was significantly better than the control group. These results suggested that the expression of MHC Class I in primary lesion could be one of the prognostic markers related to the efficiency of adjuvant immunochemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2687. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2687
Breaking Chemoresistance and Radioresistance with [213Bi]anti-CD45 Antibodies in Leukemia Cells
Authors: Claudia Friesen, Gerhard Glatting, Bernd Koop, Klaus Schwarz, Alfred Morgenstern, Christos Apostolidis, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Sven N. Reske
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Chemoresistance and radioresistance are considered one of the primary reasons for therapeutic failure in leukemias and solid tumors. Targeted radiotherapy using monoclonal antibodies radiolabeled with α-particles is a promising treatment approach for high-risk leukemia. We found that targeted radiotherapy using monoclonal CD45 antibodies radiolabeled with the α-emitter 213Bi ([213Bi]anti-CD45) induces apoptosis, activates apoptosis pathways, and breaks β-irradiation–, γ-irradiation–, doxorubicin-, and apoptosis-resistance in leukemia cells. In contrast to β-irradiation–, γ-irradiation–, and doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis and DNA damage, [213Bi]anti-CD45–induced DNA damage was not repaired, and apoptosis was not inhibited by the nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair mechanism. Depending on the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, [213Bi]anti-CD45 activated apoptosis pathways in leukemia cells through the mitochondrial pathway but independent of CD95 receptor/CD95 ligand interaction. Furthermore, [213Bi]anti-CD45 reversed deficient activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, deficient cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and deficient activation of mitochondria in chemoresistant and in radioresistant and apoptosis-resistant leukemia cells. These findings show that [213Bi]anti-CD45 is a promising therapeutic agent to break chemoresistance and radioresistance by overcoming DNA repair mechanisms in leukemia cells and provide the foundation for discovery of novel anticancer compounds. [Cancer Res 2007;67(5):1950–8]
Association Between Impaired Cardiovascular Autonomic Function and Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Mamta Jaiswal, Katherine McKeon, Nicholas Comment, James Henderson, Scott Swanson, Cynthia Plunkett, Patrick Nelson, Rodica Pop-Busui
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

We studied the association between glycemic variability (GV) reflecting hypoglycemic stress and cardiovascular autonomic function in subjects with type 1 diabetes.Forty-four type 1 diabetic patients (mean age 34 ± 13 years, 40% male, 86% Caucasian, mean diabetes duration 13 ± 6 years, mean hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] 8.0 ± 1.2% [64 ± 5 mmol/mol]) without cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, or hypertension participated in this pilot study. Indices of GV reflective of hypoglycemic stress (low blood glucose index [LBGI] and area under the curve [AUC] for hypoglycemia) were computed using data obtained during 5-day continuous glucose monitoring. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) was assessed using standardized cardiovascular reflex testing and measures of heart rate variability (HRV), which were analyzed as time and frequency domain measures.Both LBGI and AUC hypoglycemia had a significant negative association with the low-frequency power of HRV (r = -0.47, P = 0.002; r = -0.43, P = 0.005, respectively) and with the high-frequency power of HRV (r = -0.37, P = 0.018; r = -0.38, P = 0.015, respectively). These inverse associations persisted after adjusting for HbA1c, although they were attenuated in multivariable analysis after adjustment for age, diabetes duration, and several other covariates.Increased GV promoting hypoglycemic stress was associated with reduced HRV independent of glycemic control as assessed by HbA1c. These pilot data suggest that glucose variability may contribute to cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction among adults with type 1 diabetes.
The Morning-Report Syndrome and Medical Search
Authors: Leslie J. DeGroot, Mark Siegler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

In many teaching hospitals around the country, the medical resident's morning report, presented to the department chairman or to his delegate, is the intellectual highlight of the day. Work rounds have been completed, the problems of patients have been assessed, and while interns and students scurry about performing procedures and gathering data, the residents retire to a seminar room to sip coffee, eat doughnuts, and engage in graduate clinical education. Some of the rituals of the morning report are well established: new or problem cases are reviewed, a faculty member or the chief resident presides, and points are awarded for . . .
Leucocyte Ascorbic Acid Levels and Vitamin C Intake in Older People
Authors: J. S. Milne, M. E. Lonergan, J. Williamson, F. M. L. Moore, R. McMaster, N. Percy
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Leucocyte ascorbic acid (L.A.A.) levels and vitamin C intake were measured in a random sample of men and women aged 62-94 years. L.A.A. distributions are positively skewed but log normal. L.A.A. mean values show no age difference in men but are significantly lower in older women. The mean value for all women (23·88μg/10<sup>8</sup> cells) is significantly higher than that for all men (18·11 μg/10<sup>8</sup> cells). L.A.A. values are significantly higher in both sexes in the six months July to December. Vitamin C intake distributions are positively skewed but not improved by log transformation. No significant age or sex differences were found except that a significantly greater proportion of men over than of those under 70 years have intakes less than 30 mg daily. Mean intake is significantly higher in men but not in women in the six months April to September, though in both sexes a significantly greater proportion have intakes less than 30 mg daily in October to March compared with April to September. Fifty per cent. of men and 58% of women have intakes less than 30 mg daily, 23·6% of men and 28·1% of women have intakes less than 20 mg daily, and 4·7% of men and 3% of women have intakes less than 10 mg daily. These percentages increase during the winter. A moderate correlation is present between vitamin C intake and L.A.A. level. L.A.A. levels increase in parallel with but lag behind seasonal increases in vitamin C intake.
Gamma irradiation effects on poly(dl-lactictide-co-glycolide) microspheres
Authors: Luisa Montanari, Monica Costantini, Elena Ciranni Signoretti, Luisa Valvo, Mara Santucci, Monica Bartolomei, Paola Fattibene, Sandro Onori, Antonio Faucitano, Bice Conti, Ida Genta
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1998)