tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Taxes: travel outside the United States
Authors: A. J. Streich
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Counseling About Physical Activity
Authors: Neil M. Resnick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We enjoyed the recent<i>JAMA</i>article on exercise,<sup>1</sup>but feel that the evidence supporting its preventive role in postmenopausal osteoporosis is less convincing than implied. Since the conclusions seem to be influenced by one study in particular,<sup>2,3</sup>it might be useful to examine it in more detail. Although the methods section is unclear, the study cited does not appear to be a randomized study of exercise<sup>4</sup>; patients seemed to volunteer to exercise and then were randomized to receive medication or a placebo, making selection bias likely. The bias may well have continued, because results were provided only for those 62% of subjects able to participate for 3 years. Moreover, the exercises included arm lifts and pulling wheelchairs, with the only reported end point being densitometric measurements of the forearm. No evidence was provided or can be inferred regarding the effect of such exercise on
Loss of tolerance and overdose mortality after inpatient opiate detoxification: follow up study
Authors: John Strang, Jim McCambridge, David Best, Tracy Beswick, Jenny Bearn, Sian Rees, Michael Gossop
Journal: BMJ (2003)

to countries with better provision of intensive care units.However, for the United Kingdom, non-invasive ventilation for patients with mild to moderate acidosis due to decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a highly effective technique that improves clinical outcomes, reduces demand for intensive care, and, from the hospital's perspective, reduces costs.We thank Professor Christine Godfrey, Centre for Health Economics at the University of York, for advice on methods; Amanda Farrin and Vicky Allgar for statistical advice; ResMed
Aneurism of Posterior Tibial Artery Laid Open by Mistake
Authors: G. H. Macswinney
Journal: BMJ (1880)

Mater open her doors for the education of nurses, she will confer a great boon upon the public, and upon a number of women who want and like such work; and that the renown that she is sure to attain as a nursing school will only add an increasing lustre to her fame, while she augments the number of those who lovingly cherish her memory.ABNORMALLY HIGH TEMPERATURES.
Survival and the HL-A System in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: S. D. Lawler, P. T. Klouda, P. G. Smith, M. M. Till, R. M. Hardisty
Journal: BMJ (1974)

The relation between the HL-A antigens and survival has been studied in 58 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Patients with the HL-A9 antigen had the best estimated median survival times, the highest ratio of survivors to non-survivors, and the lowest median age at diagnosis. The data suggest that resistance to acute lymphoblastic leukaemia may be associated with the HL-A9 antigen.
Cyclooxygenase-2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through Akt activation: Evidence for Akt inhibition in celecoxib-induced apoptosis
Authors: Jing Leng, Chang Han, Jake A. Demetris, George K. Michalopoulos, Tong Wu
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Cyclooxygenase–2 (COX–2)–controlled prostaglandin (PG) metabolism recently has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the biologic role and molecular mechanism of COX–2–mediated PGs in the control of liver cancer growth have not been established. This study was designed to examine the direct effect of COX–2 and its inhibitor celecoxib on the growth control of liver cancer cells. Human HCC cell lines Hep3B and HepG2 transfected with COX–2 expression vector showed increased cell growth and enhanced phosphorylation of serine/threonine protein kinase B (Akt). The level of COX–2 expression and Akt phosphorylation is correlated positively in cultured HCC cells and human liver cancer tissues. Inhibition of Akt activation by phosphatidylinositol 3–kinase (PI3–kinase) inhibitor LY294002 significantly decreased the viability of Hep3B and HepG2 cells ( P &lt; .01). These results reveal a novel role of Akt activation in COX–2–induced HCC cell survival. Furthermore, HCC cells treated with the COX–2 inhibitor celecoxib showed significant reduction of Akt phosphorylation and marked morphologic and biochemical characteristics of apoptosis. Overexpression of COX–2 or addition of exogenous PGE 2 partially prevented celecoxib–induced apoptosis ( P &lt; .01). In conclusion, our results suggest the involvement of COX–2–dependent and –independent mechanisms in celecoxib–mediated HCC cell apoptosis.
Axon-attacking antibodies
Authors: Hema Bashyam
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

![Graphic][1] 

Antibodies (green) against neurofascin bind to the unmyelinated nodes of Ranvier (blue) in axons (red). Axons have an Achilles' heel that antibodies can attack to cause multiple sclerosis (MS), Mathey et al. show on page 

[2363][2].

MS is triggered when T cells breach
Coping Style and Social Support in Women Suffering from Cluster Headache or Migraine
Authors: Vanja Blomkvist, Jan Hannerz, Kristina Orth-Gomér, Töres Theorell
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1997)

Many clinical neurologists have considered cluster headache patients to differ from migraine patients as to behavioral patterns. There is, however, little empirical validation of such a differentiation.Coping profiles and social networks were studied in patients suffering from two kinds of recurrent headache. Twenty-four female patients with cluster headache, aged 23-72 years, and 24 age-matched migraine patients with and without aura participated in the study. All female cluster patients treated at the neurologic clinic of the hospital were included, and consecutive outpatients, who had been referred to the policlinics for diagnosis and treatment, whose symptoms agreed with the IHS criteria for migraine and who had ages matching the cluster headache patients, participated in the study.In the semiprojective coping tests the cluster headache patients were found to be statistically significant more 'positive' as to their anticipated activities in the future compared to the migraine patients (p < 0.04). No other statistical differences were found between the two groups. Compared to randomly selected and age-matched referents in the population. cluster headache patients reported significantly poorer social support (p < 0.01), while no other difference was found when the migraine patients were compared with controls.The findings indicate that there are differences in perception of anticipated activities and social support between patients with cluster headache and migraine.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: E. Douglas Wigle, Harry Rakowski, Brian P. Kimball, William G. Williams
Journal: Circulation (1995)

HCM is a heterogeneous disease genotypically, phenotypically, pathophysiologically, clinically, and therapeutically. In decisions on the management of these patients, it is important to recognize this heterogeneity and to direct therapy at the predominant abnormalities.
Toll-like receptor triggering augments activation of human mast cells by anti-citrullinated protein antibodies
Authors: J Suurmond, F Rivellese, A L Dorjée, A M Bakker, Y J P C Rombouts, T Rispens, G Wolbink, A Zaldumbide, R C Hoeben, T W J Huizinga, R E M Toes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objective</h3> Mast cells may play a role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but activation of human mast cells in autoimmune settings has been little studied. Toll-like receptors (TLR) and Fcγ receptors (FcγR) are important receptors for cellular activation in the joint, but expression and stimulation of these receptors in human mast cells or the functional interplay between these pathways is poorly understood. Here, we analysed triggering of human mast cells via these receptors in the context of anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive (ACPA+) RA. <h3>Methods</h3> RNA and protein expression of TLRs and FcγR was quantified using PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Mast cells were stimulated with TLR ligands (including HSP70) combined with IgG immune complexes and IgG-ACPA. <h3>Results</h3> Human mast cells expressed TLRs and produced cytokines in response to TLR ligands. Both cultured and synovial mast cells expressed FcγRIIA, and triggering of this receptor by IgG immune complexes synergised with activation by TLR ligands, leading to two- to fivefold increased cytokine levels. Mast cells produced cytokines in response to ACPA immune complexes in a citrulline-specific manner, which synergised in the presence of HSP70. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data show that synovial mast cells express FcγRIIA and that mast cells can be activated by IgG-ACPA and TLR ligands. Importantly, combined stimulation via TLRs and immune complexes leads to synergy in cytokine production. These findings suggest mast cells are important targets for TLR ligands and immune complexes, and that combined activation of mast cells via these pathways greatly enhances inflammation in synovial tissue of RA patients.
Recurrence of hepatitis C virus after loss of virus specific CD4+ T cell response in acute hepatitis C
Authors: J.T. Gerlach, H.M. Diepolder, N.H. Grüner, M.C. Jung, R. Zachoval, R. Hoffmann, C.A. Schirren, W. Schraut, T. Santantonio, M. Houghton, G.R. Pape
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
THE SPECIFIC POLYSACCHARIDE CONTENT OF PNEUMONIC SPUTA
Authors: J. T. Tripp, A. W. Frisch, C. D. Barrett, B. E. Pidgeon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

1. The average specific polysaccharide content of rusty or bloody sputa in Type III was 91 times greater than the average for Types I, II, VII, and VIII pneumonia. 2. Those Type III sputums which were classified as reticulated contained an average S concentration of 1,360 mg. per cent or 170 times more than the amount found in other types. 3. Those Type III sputa which were classified as non-reticulated contained an average S concentration of 45 mg. per cent or 5.5 times more than the amount found in other types. 4. The amount of specific polysaccharide in the sputa of patients with Type III pneumonia furnishes an index to the severity of the disease and an aid in prognosis.
Solid feeding guidelines
Authors: Lloyd N Werk, Joel J Alpert
Journal: The Lancet (1998)

The decision to start solid foods for infants should be based not on custom, beliefs, or marketing, but on an assessment of the nutritional needs of the baby, on his or her physiological maturity, and on developmental cues, as well as on a desire to avoid food sensitivity and susceptibility to illness. Over this century, recommendations on when to start babies on solid foods have varied from within a few days of birth to a full year of life. The most recent US and UK guidelines encourage a delay in the introduction of solids (transitional feeding) until the child is aged 4–6 months. 1 American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on NutritionPediatric nutrition handbook. 4th edn. American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, Illinois1998 Google Scholar , 2 Department of HealthWeaning and the weaning diet. Report on health and social subjects v45. H M Stationery Office, London1994 Google Scholar Competing with physician recommendations are parental perceptions that equate spoon-feeding with a healthy, chubby baby and an unsubstantiated belief that solid food given at bedtime will encourage sleep through the night. Furthermore, there is the allure of commercially prepared baby food.
Pressure grows for government to "grasp the nettle" and close hospitals
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Around 20 hospitals in England need to close because they are a financial drain on the NHS and will hamper efforts to improve the overall quality and safety of NHS care, health leaders are arguing.

The government is coming under mounting pressure from leading health professionals and policy makers to “grasp the nettle” and not stand in the way of reconfigurations requiring hospital closures for financial and clinical reasons.

Peter Carter, chief executive of the Royal College of Nursing, said at a meeting of the think tank Reform on 15 June that the government needed to end the political taboo of hospital closures and to be prepared to shut down or merge poorly performing hospitals.

The Daily Telegraph reported …
Radioimmunoassay of Triiodothyronine in Unextracted Human Serum
Authors: R.-D. Hesch, D. Evered
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Serum triiodothyronine (T-3) concentrations have been estimated by radioimmunoassay using unextracted serum. The serum T-3 concentrations have been shown to be similar in two separate European populations (0.76-1.67 ng/ml). Raised T-3 values have been observed in all subjects with hyperthyroidism. Low values are seen in hypothyroidism although there is some overlap with the normal range. There is a good correlation between serum T-3 and serum thyroxine (T-4) concentrations, and estimation of T-3 seems likely to prove a practical and reliable test of thyroid function.
Sumatriptan Approved for Migraine Headache Pain
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Insulin resistance and liver injury in hepatitis C is not associated with virus-specific changes in adipocytokines
Authors: Ian Homer Y. Cua, Jason M. Hui, Priyanka Bandara, James G. Kench, Geoffrey C. Farrell, Geoffrey W. McCaughan, Jacob George
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract The role of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, leptin, and adiponectin in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated insulin resistance (IR) remains controversial. We tested the hypothesis that these adipocytokines contribute to chronic HCV-associated IR and liver injury by first comparing their serum levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 154 untreated, non-diabetic, HCV-infected male subjects with fibrosis stage 0-2, to that in 75 healthy volunteers matched for age, body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip ratio (WHR). We next examined whether the adipocytokine levels were associated with the extent of hepatic steatosis, portal/periportal inflammation and fibrosis in our total cohort of 240 HCV-infected male subjects. Significantly higher levels of HOMA-IR (2.12 versus 1.63, P = 0.01), TNFα (1.28 versus 0.60 pg/ml, P &lt; 0.001) and IL6 (2.42 versus 1.15 pg/ml, P = 0.001) were noted in the HCV cohort compared with healthy controls respectively, but there were no significant differences in leptin and adiponectin concentrations. By multiple linear regression, independent predictors of HOMA-IR included the body mass index, and the serum levels of leptin (positive correlation) and adiponectin (negative correlation), but not that of TNFα and IL6. Only TNFα levels were correlated with the extent of histological injury (portal/periportal inflammation, P = 0.02). Conclusion: Whereas leptin and adiponectin contribute to IR, none of the adipocytokines accounted for the elevated IR in HCV-infected subjects. The adipocytokines were not associated with histological features of chronic HCV infection except for TNFα which correlated with portal/periportal inflammation. HCV-associated IR is most likely an adipocytokine-independent effect of the virus to modulate insulin sensitivity. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;46:66–73.)
DIABETES MELLITUSTHE LIMITATIONS OF ITS DIETETIC TREATMENT.
Authors: ARTHUR R. ELLIOTT
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Over 100 years ago Rollo pointed out the supreme importance of diet in diabetes, and demonstrated that by restriction of the carbohydrate principles of food sugar could be made to disappear from the urine and a general improvement in the patient's nutrition result. In elaboration of this principle, Bouchardat laid down in their minutest details the rules of the dietetic regimen, and ever since, and until a very recent date, discussion has only been on points of minor importance, such as the eligibility of certain foods or beverages for introduction into the various dietaries, strict or moderate. This, our most valuable means of combating the diabetic dystrophy, was conceived in empiricism, and, until comparatively recent times, was practiced empirically, the only guide being the results obtained—the fluctuations of the glycosuria and the state of the patient's general well-being. It may be said that these indications, to a large extent, still govern our procedure, but, thanks
Uptake of Technetium-99m DTPA in a Hepatic Hemangioma
Authors: ALBERT J. MORENO, ANA A. RODRIGUIZ, PETER FREDERICKS, FRANCIS S. KYTE, GOTTLIEB L. TURNBULL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

A 60-year-old woman who had a prior nephrectomy of the right kidney for renal cell carcinoma demonstrated localization of Tc-99m DTPA in the region of a recently diagnosed hepatic cavernous hemangioma. This case illustrates another extrarenal cause of Tc-99m DTPA localization.
THE PHARMACOLOGIC ACTION OF DRUGSIS IT DETERMINED BY CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OR BY PHYSICAL CHARACTERS?
Authors: ARTHUR R. CUSHNY
Journal: JAMA (1903)

A close connection between therapeutics and chemistry has been recognized so long and has survived so many changes in each of these subjects that it was only natural that in the last half century the infant science of experimental pharmacology should renew the old alliance. Accordingly, soon after the idea of molecular structure and the use of structural formulæ were introduced in chemistry, the question was broached whether the effects of drugs in the organism could be co-ordinated with their molecular constitution. The answer has very generally been in the affirmative, and the view that there exists a direct relationship between chemical configuration and pharmacologic action has been supported by a number of important memoirs. Some sanguine advocates have even expressed the hope that with advancing knowledge of pharmacology the time may arrive when the action of a remedy will be deduced from its structure alone, and when
Beijing diary: ten days at the women's conference
Authors: N. Craft
Journal: BMJ (1995)

A British Medical Journal editor recorded her impressions and experiences at the Fourth World Conference on Women in the form of a 10-day diary. She described a logistical nightmare extending from her attempt to check into the hotel where she had a reservation to workshops and meetings held in unfinished buildings, overcrowded classrooms, and public areas of a hotel (even after hotel management extinguished the lights). The journalist's movements were dutifully recorded by a uniformed attendant, and taxi drivers refused to take her to the conference center. Early lobbying and strategy meetings revolved around the issues to be discussed at the conference. The opening of the Conference was marked with pomp and ceremony while workshops held at the nongovernmental (NGO) forum 50 miles away provided an opportunity for women to describe their attempts to improve their status. Rain forced Hilary Clinton to speak inside and disappointed thousands of women who had waited in line for hours to hear her comments. Betty Friedan described the conference as a metaphor for women's experience in the world and called for a "new vision of equality." Debates at the NGO forum centered around the rights of parents to have access to their children's medical records and punitive measures for women who have had abortions. At the Conference, the UN was unable to explain the paucity of women in positions of under secretary general or higher. By the end of the first week, the governments of Australia, India, Tanzania, China, the US, Ghana, the UK, Turkey, and Cambodia had all made commitments to improve the status of women. During the second week of the Conference the wording for the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action was passed through various committees. The resulting document represents a significant contribution to the gradual progress towards equity for women, instead of a major shift in world view, but grassroots organizations will find in it the ammunition to hold governments to promises made in Beijing. The logistical problems of the Conference provide a manifestation of the roadblocks that women will face as they attempt to change their role in society. They also illustrate the problems encountered by anyone attempting to challenge the status quo in China.
Length of huntingtin and its polyglutamine tract influences localization and frequency of intracellular aggregates
Authors: Diane Martindale, Abigail Hackam, Andrew Wieczorek, Lisa Ellerby, Cheryl Wellington, Krista McCutcheon, Roshni Singaraja, Parsa Kazemi-Esfarjani, Richard Devon, Seung U. Kim, Dale E. Bredesen, Frank Tufaro, Michael R. Hayden
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)