tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT-203 Mid-term Follow-Up Results of Drug-eluting Stent Implantations Following Rotational Atherectomy for Heavily Calcified Lesions: Impact of the Second-generation Drug-eluting Stent
Authors: Yasushi Fuku, Kazushige Kadota, Seiji Habara, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Eccentric Ventricular Hypertrophy in Familial and Sporadic Instances of 46 XX, XY Turner Phenotype
Authors: KATHRYN H. EHLERS, MARY ALLEN ENGLE, AARON R. LEVIN, WILLIAM J. DEELY
Journal: Circulation (1972)

This study of individuals with familial and sporadically occurring 46 XX or XY Turner phenotype documented a wide range of right- and left-sided cardiovascular abnormalities and a previously unreported eccentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle. A mother and five of her seven children had abnormal cardiovascular findings. Five had an abnormal electrocardiogram with frontal ÂQRS of -60° to ±180° and rS or rsr' in V 1 and rS, qrS, or qRS in V 5 . Catheterization demonstrated the following anomalies: coarctation of the aorta in three, valvular aortic stenosis in one, pulmonary valvular insufficiency with atrial septal defect in one, and pulmonary arterial branch stenosis in one child. All six had a similar abnormality of the left ventricle on angiocardiography. During systole and also in diastole the cavity was encroached on in its superolateral and posteroinferior aspects. Septal hypertrophy altered right ventricular contour in two. A similarly abnormal electrocardiogram and left ventricle were found in four unrelated individuals with the XX, XY Turner phenotype. Three had pulmonary stenosis; in two there was an associated septal defect. The fourth, with no associated cardiac defect, died in heart failure at 5 months of age. At necropsy she had marked eccentric biventricular hypertrophy, chiefly involving the left ventricle so that the chamber was reduced to a slitlike cavity. The hypertrophied septum bulged into the right ventricular outflow tract. A number of cardiovascular anomalies occur in familial and sporadic instances of this syndrome; eccentric ventricular hypertrophy recognizable by an electrocardiographic abnormality seems to be a distinctive cardiac lesion in the XX, XY Turner phenotype. Except for the unusual and, we believe, characteristic ECG, there was no clinical clue on physical examination or cardiac series of chest roentgenograms to suggest the presence of eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy. We recommend that selective left ventricular angiocardiography be performed when patients with the Turner phenotype undergo diagnostic cardiac catheterization, especially when the frontal ÂQRS is superiorly directed.
Sport related proximal femoral fractures: a retrospective review of 31 cases treated in an eight year period
Authors: Hans Habernek, Lothar Schmid, Eva Frauenschuh
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2000)

In an eight year period, 31 patients with proximal femoral fractures resulting from sports accidents were treated by implantation of either a Gamma nail or a dynamic hip screw. Return to work or sports and the time to bone healing did not differ very much between the treatments. Gamma nailing was clearly the best with regard to stability and time to full mobilisation (4.5 days), but required 39 minutes to perform compared with insertion of a dynamic hip screw (27 minutes). The incidence of complications and malalignments did not differ very much between the two, although, when Gamma nailing was first used in the authors' clinic, more intraoperative complications occurred than with the dynamic hip screw. Stable pertrochanteric fractures may be treated with a dynamic hip screw. Unstable pertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures are treated with a Gamma nail at the authors' institution.
Tc-99m PYP Scanning Following Low Voltage Electrical Injury
Authors: ROBERTO R. SPENCER, ARVIS G. WILLIAMS, FRED A. METTLER, JAMES H. CHRISTIE, ROBERT D. ROSENBERG, WILLIAM D. WEAVER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

An adolescent boy sustained low voltage electrical injury to his extremities when he inadvertently touched a low tension (440 volts) wire with a metal tube. Early in his hospital course, he was evaluated with Tc–99m pyrophosphate whole body scanning for the extent of his injuries. The scintigraphic findings correlated well with his subsequent clinical course.
What about community standardised mortality ratios?
Authors: M. J. Dayer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The hospital standardised mortality ratio may not be a good measure of a hospital’s quality,1 but it focuses attention on the quality of a hospital’s performance.

Clinical coding has undoubted problems,2 despite its central importance. It is improving but still inadequate. In a system where hospitals are required to assess themselves, clinical coders risk being put …
The Acute Hemodynamic and Metabolic Response of Hypertensive Patients to Pentolinium Tartrate
Authors: ARCHER P. CROSLEY, JOHN F. BROWN, HERMAN TUCHMAN, CHARLES W. CRUMPTON, JOHN H. HUSTON, GEORGE G. ROWE
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Although pentolinium tartrate is widely used in the treatment of hypertension, there are no reports available regarding some of its cardiovascular effects and its influence on water and electrolyte excretion. The results of the present study indicate that this drug is of value in reducing the mean arterial blood pressure in hypertensive patients. However, the data also indicate the necessity for caution in the use of this agent and the need for a continuing search for newer agents in the treatment of this disease.
Breast screening controversy continues
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2013)

When the Marmot report on breast cancer screening was published in November last year, many will have hoped for an end to this particular controversy. Prompted by calls in the BMJ for more honest information on the harms of screening ( BMJ 2010;340:c3106, BMJ 2011;343:d6894), Marmot and his committee were charged with asking whether the screening programme should continue, and if so, what women should be told about the risks of overdiagnosis.

As nicely summarised by Nigel Hawkes at the time ( BMJ 2012;345:e7330), the committee concluded that the programme should continue because it did prevent deaths—43 deaths …
The CIBMTR score predicts survival of AML patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation with active disease after a myeloablative or reduced intensity conditioning: a retrospective analysis of the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Di Midollo Osseo
Authors: E Todisco, F Ciceri, E Oldani, C Boschini, C Micò, M T VanLint, I Donnini, F Patriarca, P E Alessandrino, F Bonifazi, W Arcese, W Barberi, P Marenco, E Terruzzi, S Cortelazzo, S Santarone, A Proia, P Corradini, E Tagliaferri, S Falcioni, G Irrera, L Dallanegra, L Castagna, A Santoro, A Camboni, N Sacchi, A Bosi, A Bacigalupo, A Rambaldi
Journal: Leukemia (2013)

The CIBMTR score predicts survival of AML patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation with active disease after a myeloablative or reduced intensity conditioning: a retrospective analysis of the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Di Midollo Osseo
Geese of a different feather
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The cost of drugs in America has become so high that those who can afford them complain, and those who cannot afford them sometimes go without. Not a week passes without some newspaper commenting about high drug prices and exploding hospital or state budgets. Many people complain about the excessive cost of the drugs required to treat their rheumatoid arthritis, their depression, hypertension, or peptic ulcers; or grumble about the high price …
Sources of Prescription Opioid Pain Relievers by Frequency of Past-Year Nonmedical Use
Authors: Christopher M. Jones, Leonard J. Paulozzi, Karin A. Mack
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Jane A. Gwira Baumblatt, MD; Caleb Wiedeman, MPH; John R. Dunn, DVM, PhD; William Schaffner, MD; Leonard J. Paulozzi, MD, MPH; Timothy F. Jones, MD
Loss and the Duration of Grief
Authors: George F. Davis
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pleural macrophage recruitment and activation in asbestos-induced pleural injury.
Authors: N Choe, S Tanaka, W Xia, D R Hemenway, V L Roggli, E Kagan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The pathogenesis of asbestos-induced pleural fibrosis is poorly understood. Moreover, there has been a long-standing controversy regarding the relative potential of different commercial types of asbestos to cause pleural disease. We postulated that inhaled asbestos fibers translocate to the pleural space where they stimulate the recruitment and activation of pleural macrophages. To test this hypothesis, and to determine whether there are differences between inhaled amphibole and serpentine asbestos, Fischer 344 rats were exposed by intermittent inhalation (6 hr/day for 5 days/week over 2 weeks) to either National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) crocidolite (average concentration 7.55 mg/m3) or NIEHS chrysotile fibers (average concentration 8.51 mg/m3). Comparisons were made with sham-exposed rats. The rats were sacrificed at 1 and 6 weeks after the cessation of exposure. More pleural macrophages were recovered at 1 and 6 weeks after crocidolite and chrysotile exposure than after sham exposure. Small numbers of crocidolite fibers (approximately 1 per 4000 cells) were detected in the pleural cell pellet of one crocidolite-exposed rat by scanning electron microscopy. Pleural macrophage supernatants were assayed for production of nitric oxide (NO) (by the Griess reaction) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) (by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method). Significantly greater amounts of NO as well as TNF-alpha were generated by pleural macrophages at 1 and 6 weeks after either crocidolite or chrysotile inhalation than after sham exposure. Conceivably, translocation of asbestos fibers to the pleural space may provide a stimulus for persistent pleural space inflammation, cytokine production, and the generation of toxic oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Enhanced cytokine secretion within the pleural space may in turn upregulate adhesion molecule expression and the synthesis of extracellular matrix constituents by pleural mesothelial cells. Thus, our findings may have significance for the development of asbestos-induced pleural injury.
Abstract 3735: Preclinical studies of salinomycin as a therapeutic agent for pediatric high-grade glioma cancer stem cells.
Authors: Emily S. Moses, Judy C. Chang, Jaclyn Y. Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Brain tumors are the most prevalent childhood solid tumors. In the low-grade astrocytomas complete surgical resection has achieved over 90% five-year survival rate. In contrast, the aggressive anaplastic astrocytoma high-grade 3 and the fast growing glioblastoma multiforme high-grade 4 are often refractory to standard therapies; the majority of these patients at presentation are beyond cure by surgery and or radiotherapy. Emerging data substantiate the idea that a small pool of post-therapy residual cells within a tumor displaying stem-like properties is responsible for relapse. Therefore, selectively targeting these cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) may lead to advances in the treatment of these tumors. Salinomycin, an antibiotic potassium ionophore, has been shown to be highly effective against breast cancer stem cells and other malignancies; however, its potential use has not been studied in childhood astrocytomas. Recent studies indicate that salinomycin exerts its effect on components of the Wnt signaling cascade. In this study, we undertook in vitro and in vivo analyses on the effect of salinomycin on four pediatric high-grade astrocytoma cell lines, UW479 (provided by Dr. John Silber, University of Washington), SF188 (from Dr. Daphne Haas-Kogan, UCSF), SJ-GBM2, and CHLA-200 (COG Cell Culture and Xenograft Repository). Our results indicated that salinomycin was able to inhibit cellular viability in a dose-dependent manner. The soft-agar anchorage independent growth assay showed salinomycin inhibition of colony formation in 3 of the 4 cell lines tested. A decrease in the number of cycling cells (S-phase) was observed in cells treated with salinomycin. Notably, a 95% reduction in the glioma stem cells, read-out as CD133+, and impairment in the ability to form spheres (read-out as self-renewal) was observed. A xenograft mouse model was used to determine the effect of salinomycin on tumor growth in vivo and is ongoing. Salinomycin's modulation of Wnt targets measured by qRT-PCR, western blot analysis, and Bio-Plex protein assays, is in progress. Our data suggest that salinomycin could be exploited for the treatment of the aggressive form of pediatric gliomas. Citation Format: Emily S. Moses, Judy C. Chang, Jaclyn Y. Hung. Preclinical studies of salinomycin as a therapeutic agent for pediatric high-grade glioma cancer stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3735. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3735
SUPINE THALLIUM STRESS TESTING
Authors: James L. Lear
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Although thallium stress testing is usually performed on a treadmill (Tl-TM), supine bicycle ergometer exercise thallium testing (Tl-SB) has been reported and possible advantages have been suggested. This study was performed to evaluate the accuracy of Tl-SB and to correlate its results with those of Tl-TM. Fifteen patients were studied by both Tl-SB and Tl-TM an average of one week apart in random sequence. There were 10 patients with coronary artery disease (by catheterization) and 5 without disease (1 by catheterization and 4 asymtomatic volunteers). Tl-TM produced significantly higher pulse rates (PR), pulse-pressure products (PP), percent of dose in heart after exercise (%Tl-H), and percent thallium washout (%TW). EKG changes were similar. Change in %TW between Tl-TM and Tl-SB correlated with change in PR (r = .80). Sensitivity and specificity were significantly higher for Tl-TM. These preliminary results indicate superiority of Tl-TM over Tl-SB in diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Additional patients are presently being studied. Tl-TM Tl-SB Significance PR 120 102 p<.001 PP 174 146 p<.05 %TW 45 33 p<.005 ERG ischemia 6/10 6/10 Sensitivity 10/10 (100%) 5/10 (50%) Specificity 5/5 (100%) 3/5 (60%)
Adenyl cyclase and interleukin 6 are downstream effectors of parathyroid hormone resulting in stimulation of bone resorption.
Authors: E M Greenfield, S M Shaw, S A Gornik, M A Banks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Parathyroid hormone and other bone resorptive agents function, at least in part, by inducing osteoblasts to secrete cytokines that stimulate both differentiation and resorptive activity of osteoclasts. We previously identified two potentially important cytokines by demonstrating that parathyroid hormone induces expression by osteoblasts of IL-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor without affecting levels of 14 other cytokines. Although parathyroid hormone activates multiple signal transduction pathways, induction of IL-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor is dependent on activation of adenyl cyclase. This study demonstrates that adenyl cyclase is also required for stimulation of osteoclast activity in cultures containing osteoclasts from rat long bones and UMR106-01 rat osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. Since the stimulation by parathyroid hormone of both cytokine production and bone resorption depends on the same signal transduction pathway, we hypothesized that IL-6 might be a downstream effector of parathyroid hormone. We found that addition of exogenous IL-6 mimics the ability of parathyroid hormone to stimulate bone resorption. More importantly, an antibody directed against the IL-6 receptor blocks moderate stimulation of osteoclast activity induced by the hormone. Interestingly, strong stimulation of resorption overcomes this dependence on IL-6. Thus, parathyroid hormone likely induces multiple, redundant cytokines that can overcome the IL-6 requirement associated with moderate stimulation. Taken together with studies showing that many other bone resorptive agents also stimulate IL-6 production, our results suggest that IL-6 may be a downstream effector of these agents as well as of parathyroid hormone.
Hearing without ears: do cochlear implants work in children?
Authors: G. M O'Donoghue
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Profound deafness in early childhood has major consequences for the child, its family, and society. Critical periods exist for speech and language development during which the developing nervous system is particularly responsive to auditory stimulation. Inadequate sensory input during these periods leads to lifelong linguistic and communicative deficits.1 Fortunately, if identified early enough, most hearing losses can be satisfactorily managed by hearing aids and rehabilitation. Until the advent of cochlear implantation, however, the outlook for children who were too deaf to hear speech through a hearing aid was less promising and they often failed to develop intelligible spoken language.

Conrad found that the median reading age of profoundly deaf 16year olds was that of normal hearing 9year olds and that no fewer than half these children could not read.2 As a consequence, their educational and employment opportunities were restricted. In the United Kingdom about 220children are born each year with hearing losses in excess of 95dB and a further 80lose their hearing, mainly through bacterial meningitis.3

In profoundly deaf patients auditory nerve …
Intracellular expression of type VII collagen during wound healing in severe recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa and normal human skin
Authors: J.A. McGRATH, I.M. LEIGH, R.A.J. EADY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Intracellular expression of type VII collagen during wound healing in severe recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa and normal human skin Get access J.A. McGRATH, J.A. McGRATH St John's Institute of Dermatology, UMDS (St Thomas's campus), St Thomas's Hospital, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.M. LEIGH, I.M. LEIGH Department of Experimental Dermatology. The Royal London Hospital, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A.J. EADY R.A.J. EADY St John's Institute of Dermatology, UMDS (St Thomas's campus), St Thomas's Hospital, London, U.K. Professor R.A.J.Eady, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 4, 1 October 1992, Pages 312–317, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00447.x Published: 01 October 1992
Placebo controlled trials of ondansetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting
Authors: J. B D Palmer, C. G Haigh, T. G Gibbs, C. M Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Pitfalls in the interpretation of tumour markers ED1TOR,-We do not agree with H S Pandha and colleagues that poor sensitivity and specificity of assays cause a major problem in the measurement of a fetoprotein concentrations.'Measurements of a fetoprotein are used in several clinical situations, including to diagnose and monitor neoplastic disorders (such as germ cell tumours and hepa- tomas) and in antenatal screening for Down's syndrome and neural tube defects.Modem immunoassays for a fetoprotein have adequate sensitivity, and it is important for clinical labora- tories to use an assay that is specific for a feto- protein but that adequately detects all its molecular forms in view of the variety of clinical settings in which a fetoprotein is measured.In specific cases, identification of the particular form of a fetoprotein secreted may be valuable, but this is not generally required.Although concentrations of both a fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin were initially raised in the case reported, the authors do not comment on the absence of any increase in the concentration of human chorionic gonadotrophin concomitant with the second increase in a fetoprotein concentration.This might have suggested that this increase in a fetoprotein concentration was not due to recurrence of the primary tumour.However, recurrent tumour deposits or metastases may not secrete the same tumour markers (or may not secrete them in the same proportions) as the primary tumour, and this may cause particular difficulty with heterogeneous tumours such as teratomas.
Accuracy of staging in early oesophageal cancer using high resolution endoscopy and high resolution endosonography: a comparative, prospective, and blinded trial
Authors: A May
Journal: Gut (2004)

The increasing use of endoscopic resection for curative treatment of early oesophageal cancers requires accurate staging before therapy. In a prospective blinded trial, we compared staging of early oesophageal carcinoma using high resolution endoscopy (HR-E) with staging using high resolution endosonography (HR-EUS).A total of 100 patients (89 men, 11 women; mean age 63.9 (10.8) years (range 31-91)) with a suspicion of early oesophageal adenocarcinoma (n = 81) or squamous cell carcinoma (n = 19) were enrolled in the study. After endoscopic staging with high resolution video endoscopy by two experienced endoscopists, HR-EUS was performed by an experienced endosonographer who was blinded to the endoscopic assessment. Results of the staging examinations were correlated with the histology of the resected tumours.Overall rates for accuracy of the endoscopic and endosonographic staging were 83.4% and 79.6%, respectively. Sensitivity for mucosal tumours (n = 68) was more than 90% (EUS 91.2%, endoscopy 94.1%) while sensitivity for submucosal tumours (n = 25) was lower, at 48% for EUS and 56% for endoscopic staging. A combination of the two techniques increased the sensitivity for submucosal tumours to 60%. Submucosal tumours in the tubular oesophagus were significantly better staged with HR-EUS than submucosal tumours close to the oesophagogastric junction (10/11 v 2/14; p<0.001). Tumours infiltrating the second and third submucosal layers were also more correctly diagnosed than tumours with slight infiltration of the first submucosal layer (sm1).The overall diagnostic accuracy of both HR-E and HR-EUS with a 20 MHz miniprobe in early oesophageal cancer was high (approximately 80%), with no significant differences between the two techniques. HR-E and HR-EUS provide a high level of diagnostic accuracy for mucosal tumours and submucosal tumours located in the tubular part of the oesophagus. With submucosal tumours located at the oesophagogastric junction or with infiltration of the first third of the submucosa however, the diagnostic accuracy of both techniques is not yet satisfactory.