tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tomsk—a glimpse of one Russian region's experience with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The Siberian region of Tomsk is one of 89 regions, or oblasts, in Russia. It lies on the south east of the West Siberian Plain and is rich in oil and gas. The incidence of HIV in the region is not high by Russian standards—97.2 per 100 000 population. This compares with a national incidence of 224 per 100 000. But the characteristics of the epidemic are probably typical of those seen in many other oblasts.

Life expectancy in Tomsk is low. On average men live to the age of 58; women live to 70. Unemployment is high and road traffic and industrial incidents are the region's biggest killers. Alcohol is also a big problem, as is drug misuse.

The city of Tomsk and its environs are home to roughly three quarters of the region's population. It has an estimated 6000 intravenous drug users and between 1250 and 2500 commercial sex workers (different surveys show these disparate figures). A neighbourhood health centre called Our Clinic, which runs a needle exchange programme and an outreach service to sex workers, encourages both groups …
The Passing of Hypnotism.
Authors: G. W. Chrouch
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Shaftsburg, Mich., Nov. 20, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof November 16, p. 867, is an editorial, "The Passing of Hypnotism." The criticisms in said editorial seem well taken. Some six or eight years ago this community was a witness of its effects as a psychic agent. This note is penned, needlessly perhaps, to illustrate the correctness of your conclusions. Hypnotism is, unquestionably, a dangerous agent, requiring a morbidity of mind for its manifestation. Now to our case: A young farm laborer went to a public meeting where hypnotism was practiced by a traveling lecturer, as he styled himself. The young man was hypnotized. Next day he was excused from work because his employer discovered that, using his own language, " He did not know what he was about." There was a condition of mental depression, a dullness, amounting almost to stupidity, which lasted many months. People who have
Abstract 3904: Array CGH analysis of cervical cancer
Authors: Rosemary E. Zuna, Christopher E. Aston
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: We hypothesize that there are characteristic chromosomal gains and losses in invasive cervical cancers that correlate with histologic cell type and HPV genotype. Methods and Materials: Array CGH analysis was performed on DNA extracted from 39 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded invasive cervical cancer cases using 1.4MB BAC microarray chips (HumArray3.2, UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center Array Core). Significant gains and losses were determined looking for convergent results from a random permutation approach based on GISTIC (Genomic Identification of Significant Targets in Cancer, Beroukhim R et al: PNAS 104: 20007, 2007), a modification of this approach using weighted sums over neighboring loci, frequency of gains and losses at each locus, and t-tests comparing log2 ratios from the cases to those from four control samples from non-cervical cancer tissue. The log2 ratios derived for each of the 2464 individual loci were aggregated for each locus over the entire set of 39 cases and for defined subsets including histologic subtype (squamous [SC:N=19] cancers, adenocarcinomas [AD:12], adenosquamous carcinomas [AS:6]) and HPV genotype [HPV16:12 and HPV18:14]. Results: Significant gains (108 individual loci) and losses (110 loci) were identified in the overall population. Congregations of significant gains were found on chromosomes 3q (8 loci), 1q (7), 1p (5) and losses on 4q (8 loci), 11q, (6) 4p (5), 3p (5). Overall,17 individual loci were significantly increased and 19 were decreased across the overall population as well as for each of the histologic subsets suggesting associations with cervical cancer per se. Individual loci with the most significant gains (P&amp;lt;0.001) were 3q26.3-3q27 (gained in 95% of cases), 19p13.2 (98%), 1q42-43 (93%) and losses (P&amp;lt;0.001) were 4q22 (100%), 11q22 (100%), 3p14 (90%) and 7p12.1 (100%). Differential changes associated with histologic cell type (P&amp;lt;0.001) included multiple gains in 1p (SC), 20q (AC), and losses in 3p (SC), 4p (AS). Multiple gains in 1p and 3q were related to HPV16 lesions while gains in 5p and 19q were related to HPV18. The HPV associations were somewhat influenced by cell type: 8/9 (89%) of AD (3 untyped) were HPV16, but only 2/18 (11%) of SC (1 untyped) were HPV16. Conclusions: Characteristic chromosome copy number alterations for regions and individual loci were identified for cervical cancer cases including patterns for different histologic subtypes and HPV genotypes. The regions harboring these loci can potentially be developed for screening, assessment of prognosis and therapeutic intervention. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3904. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3904
ANESTHESIA AND ANTISEPTICS IN PLASTIC RESTORATION OF THE FACE AND MOUTH
Authors: A. E. ROCKEY
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Plastic restoration of war wounds has made a new requirement of operative surgery. Sliding and turning flaps, bone transplants, secondary flaps, and even skin grafts open tissues that are not infected. The mouth, and particularly war wounds of the mouth, always contain infective organisms. Newly opened tissues should, if possible, be protected from infection in these operations. The anesthetic devices in general use have in the main proved satisfactory. In addition to conductive and local anesthesia, the chief reliance for general anesthesia has been the ordinary mask and pumps and blowers of various types and combinations. By none of them, however, may one secure even an approximately aseptic field for operations about the mouth. None of them protect the field from mouth secretions, and none of them permit the use of efficient antiseptics, for the reason that the respiratory tract is only relatively protected. An efficient antiseptic, like tincture of
Abstract B15: Pediatric glioblastoma cell lines maintain response to developmental growth factors
Authors: Marie Renee Mooney
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive brain tumor arising from an astrocytic cell lineage. In the United States, nearly 500 children each year develop GBMs. Pediatric GBM has a different mutational, methylation, and gene expression spectra than adult GBM, implicating a strong role for developmental processes in disease pathogenesis. The developmental growth factors that define the astrocytic lineage include epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Expression of these growth factors also distinguishes pediatric versus adult GBM. Here, we use EGF or PDGF as a stimulus for malignant behavior in GBM cell lines isolated from either adult or pediatric patients to understand whether the cell line models parallel growth factor receptor signaling preferences observed clinically. In response to these stimuli, pediatric cell lines demonstrate distinct protein signaling and invasion phenotypes from adult cell lines in vitro, and generate invasive, multifocal lesions in an orthotopic xenograft model. Thus, distinguishing features of adult and pediatric GBM are maintained in the cell line models that will be used to test therapeutic regiments preclinically. Both of the receptors activated by EGF and PDGF are known to interact with a promising therapeutic target in adult glioblastoma: signal transducer and activator 3 (STAT3). STAT3 acts as either an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on cellular context such as the activating receptor complex and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutational status. Our studies will therefore address the differential implications of STAT3 therapy for pediatric versus adult GBM. Citation Format: Marie Renee Mooney. Pediatric glioblastoma cell lines maintain response to developmental growth factors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improved Outcomes; Nov 3-6, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;74(20 Suppl):Abstract nr B15.
Genetic changes during mouse skin tumorigenesis.
Authors: P A Burns, R Bremner, A Balmain
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

This paper describes specific genetic changes involving chromosome 7 in mouse skin tumors, the most important consequence of which appears to be an alteration in the allelic balance of normal and mutant H-ras genes. The use of restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms in F1 hybrid mice demonstrates that trisomy of chromosome 7 is an early event preceding papilloma formation, and further events, such as mitotic recombination, seem to occur during progression to malignant carcinomas. There is some evidence of a tumor-suppressor locus situated on chromosome 7.
Comparison of high resolution magnetic resonance imaging, intravascular ultrasound, and digital subtraction angiography for assessment of atherosclerotic plaques in humans
Authors: Johannes Rieber, Oliver Meissner, Johannes Rieger, Federico Tato, Thomas Schiele, Klauss Juergen Pfeiffer, Ulrich Hoffmann, Volker Klauss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Azaribine in the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: HOWARD V. DUBIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 May 1971Azaribine in the Treatment of PsoriasisHOWARD V. DUBIN, M.D., E. RICHARD HARRELL, M.D.HOWARD V. DUBIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. RICHARD HARRELL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-797 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the December 1970 issue of the ANNALSVogler and Olansky (1) presented a double-blind study of azaribine (6-azauridine triacetate) in the treatment of psoriasis. They showed, as did Turner and Calabresi (2) in 1964, that this drug was effective in the treatment of psoriasis. They stated that "toxicity was mainly hemopoietic but was not severe and was usually reversed with dose reduction." They went on to say that "except for the hematologic effects, azaribine appeared to be nontoxic." In light of the recent multiple studies (3-6) showing severe liver disease associated with long-term use of methotrexate,...References1. VOGLEROLANSKY WS: A double-blind study of azaribine in the treatment of psoriasis. Ann Intern Med 73:951-956, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar2. TURNERCALABRESI RP: The effect of triacetyl azauridine on psoriasis. J Invest Derm 43:551-557, 1964 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. COEBULL RF: Cirrhosis associated with methotrexate treatment of psoriasis. JAMA 206:1515-1520, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MULLERFARROWMARTALOCK SGD: Cirrhosis caused by methotrexate in the treatment of psoriasis. Arch Derm (Chicago) 100:523-530, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. EPSTEINCROFT EJ: Cirrhosis following methotrexate administration for psoriasis. Ibid., pp. 531-534 Google Scholar6. DUBINHARRELL HE: Liver disease associated with methotrexate treatment of psoriatic patients. Arch Derm (Chicago) 102:498-503, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. CHARACHECONDITHUMPHREYS SPS: Studies on the folic acid vitamins. IV. The persistence of amethopterin in mammalian tissues. Cancer 13:236-240, 1960 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. WERKHEISER W: The relation of folic acid reductase to aminopterin toxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 137:167-172, 1962 MedlineGoogle Scholar1. MCDONALD C: Personal communication Google Scholar2. STANDERFERHANDLER SP: Fatty liver induced by orotic acid feeding. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 90:270-271, 1955 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Dermatology University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, Mich. 48104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 797-798KeywordsDrugsLiver diseasesMethotrexatePsoriasisToxicity Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Letter: Treatment of shoulder subluxation in the hemiplegic.
Authors: D C Mears
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Normal full-term infants require about 100 IU of vitamin D daily to prevent rickets and premature infants about 200 IU.The adult requirements may be so low as to be met by the amount in unfortified foods and exposure to sunlight.2A survey of American children (newborn to 17 years) showed that half ingest 400-800 IU daily; almost 10%, consistently consume over 1000 IU daily.3In contrast, in the past half-century magnesium intakes have fallen, whereas dietary contents of protein, fat, sugar, and calcium have risen.4High intakes of these nutrients, and of vitamin D, increase magnesium requirements and increase susceptibility to magnesium deficit.56Metabolic balance studies indicate that Occidental magnesium intakes are suboptimal.7The cardiovascular and renal lesions of experimental magnesium deficiency and experi- mental hypervitaminosis D are similar, as are those of infantile hypercalcaemia, an out- break of which in England was related to excessive vitamin D-2000-4000 IU daily.68Increased magnesium intakes protect against cardiomyopathy produced by many agents, including excessive vitamin D.59It may be the combination of excesses of most nutrients, with the exception of mag- nesium, that contributes to the high in- cidence of ischaemic heart disease in the industrialized countries.Perhaps the amount of magriesium provided by hard water10 may be sufficient to correct a marginal deficit, thereby contributing to the lower death rates from ischaemic heart disease in hard-water than in soft-water areas.-Iam, etc.,
The emerging role of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for urogenital cancers
Authors: Muhammad Nawaz, Giovanni Camussi, Hadi Valadi, Irina Nazarenko, Karin Ekström, Xiaoqin Wang, Simona Principe, Neelam Shah, Naeem M. Ashraf, Farah Fatima, Luciano Neder, Thomas Kislinger
Journal: Nature Reviews Urology (2014)
An Aspect of the Psychotherapy of Borderline Personalities
Authors: Miguel Leibovich
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1975)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 An Aspect of the Psychotherapy of Borderline Personalities Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Miguel Leibovich Miguel Leibovich Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1975) 25 (1-6): 53–57. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286830 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Miguel Leibovich; An Aspect of the Psychotherapy of Borderline Personalities. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1975; 25 (1-6): 53–57. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286830 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1975Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Successful Treatment of Disfiguring Hemosiderin-Containing Hyperpigmentation With the Q-Switched 650-nm Wavelength Laser
Authors: Heather K. Hamilton, Jeffrey S. Dover, Kenneth A. Arndt
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Report of a Case A63-year-oldwhitewomanpresentedwith a 3-year history of progressive dark facial discoloration. Findings from physical examination included prominent brown patches coveringmuch of her face (Figure, A) andyellow-orangeplaquesonherbreasts. The facial pigmentation also had a slight yellow tint. The result from a biopsy performed in 2009 had been interpreted as plane xanthoma. The patient was found to have an IgG λ monoclonalgammopathyandwas laterdiagnosedashavingchronic lymphocytic leukemia not requiring treatment. Selected areas had been treatedwith the pulsed-dye laser (595 nm) and 3-millisecond alexandrite laser (755 nm) without benefit. We performed a skin biopsy of the cheek, which revealed a dermal histiocytic infiltrate with scattered xanthomatous cells, Toutongiantcells,andperivascular lymphocytic inflammation.Aniron stainwaspositivewithin someof thehistiocytes andgiant cells, consistentwithhemosiderin, and thepresenceofdermalmelanophages wasconfirmedbyaFontana-Massonstain.Thebreast lesionsshowed similarchanges,withpalisadinggranulomaswithcentralnecrosis,cholesterol clefts, andscatteredextravasatederythrocytes.The findings werecompatiblewithadiagnosisofnecrobioticxanthogranuloma.The darkpigmentationseenclinically appeared tobecausedby thecombination of hemosiderin andmelanin. The patient sought treatment for the disfiguring intense pigmented patches that covered most of her face, which severely affected her quality of life. She is an astronomer and could not examine telescopesbecauseher thickmakeup transferred to their lenses. The patient stopped swimming laps at the local pool because she worriedthatchildrenwould findherappearance frightening,andshe experienced a great deal of social discomfort.
Vascular Smooth Muscle α <sub>v</sub> β <sub>3</sub> Integrin Mediates Arteriolar Vasodilation in Response to RGD Peptides
Authors: Jon E. Mogford, George E. Davis, Steven H. Platts, Gerald A. Meininger
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

Arteriolar vasodilation and the resultant increase in blood flow are characteristic vascular responses to tissue injury. The dilatory mediators signaling these responses are incompletely understood. We show that integrin-binding peptides containing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) tripeptide sequence cause immediate and, in some instances, sustained vasodilation when applied to isolated rat cremaster arterioles. The vasodilation is dependent on interaction of the soluble RGD sequence with the alpha v beta 3 integrin expressed by smooth muscle cells in the arteriolar wall. Possible in vivo sources of soluble RGD sequences are fragments of extracellular matrix proteins that are generated after tissue injury. Indeed, protease-generated fragments of denatured collagen type I (a major source of RGD sequences) also cause cremaster arteriolar vasodilation through the alpha v beta 3 integrin. Thus, extracellular matrix protein fragments containing the RGD sequence may act as vascular wound recognition signals to regulate blood flow to injured tissue.
The Causes of Flatulence
Authors: ALBERT S. WELCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 November 1928The Causes of FlatulenceALBERT S. WELCH, M.D.ALBERT S. WELCH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-5-456 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe symptom, flatulence, indicates the presence of excess gas in the bowel, or the passage of gas from the rectum in noticeable quantities. The causes are so numerous that flatulence is in itself of little diagnostic importance, but occasionally it is the chief or only symptom, or the earliest noticeable symptom, and then its study becomes of value.From a circumspective point of view gas gets into the bowel in three ways. It may be swallowed, may be generated in the alimentary tract, or may be excreted through the bowel wall into the lumen.OUTLINE OF CAUSESSwallowed Gasin... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City, Missouri PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1928Volume 2, Issue 5Page: 456-462KeywordsRectum Issue Published: 1 November 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Comparison of Smoking Patterns in the People's Republic of China With the United States
Authors: Jing Jie Yu
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Half of the global increase in tobacco use from 1976 to 1986 occurred in the People's Republic of China. In 1984, the first national smoking survey was conducted in China, involving over a half-million subjects. Sixty-one percent of Chinese males over age 15 smoke, with higher rates in all occupational groups than for corresponding groups in the United States. Current smoking patterns in China are similar to those in the United States during the 1950s, and these patterns forecast a steadily increasing epidemic of smoking-related deaths. It is estimated that by 2025, two million Chinese men will die annually from smoking. Foreign tobacco companies are mounting massive production and advertising campaigns in China. Government health education programs lack funds to counter these influences with sustained and comprehensive educational and interventional campaigns. To avert an impending national health catastrophe, China must launch a comprehensive smoking-control initiative aimed at public education, cessation, and legislation and policy. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1575-1579)