tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Protein Allowances for Premature Infants
Authors: Harry H. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This paper will analyze data and concepts which underlie estimates of protein allowances for premature infants. It is fitting that this be done at Cornell University Medical School where careful metabolic and clinical studies have supplied the basis for currently popular, moderately "high" protein, moderately "low" fat feeding mixtures long advocated by Dutch and American pediatricians. It is important to distinguish between "allowances" and "requirements." "Allowances" is a permissive term implying nutrient levels that will cover individual variations both constitutional and environmental. "Requirements" is a tyrannical term implying absolute needs for all infants. Even its expression as a range or as a mean with a standard deviation does not jibe comfortably with practice of a pediatrician who is impressed daily with the variation in appearance, behavior, and adaptability of his patients. Socioeconomic or geographic factors may necessitate attempts to estimate requirements, but adaptability to minimal intakes under limited circumstances is
1060-83 Calcification of the culprit lesion is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in ST elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with fibrinolytic therapy
Authors: Dimitrios Karmpaliotis, Ajay J Kirtane, Sabina A Murphy, Ioanna Kosmidou, Daniela Budiu, Dan Guerra, Robert Giugliano, Christopher P Cannon, Elliot M Antman, Eugene Braunwald, C.Michael Gibson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Loss of CBP causes T cell lymphomagenesis in synergy with p27Kip1 insufficiency
Authors: Ningling Kang-Decker, Caili Tong, Fayçal Boussouar, Darren J Baker, Wu Xu, Alexey A Leontovich, William R Taylor, Paul K Brindle, Jan M.A van Deursen
Journal: Cancer Cell (2004)
Predictive parameters for mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ progenitor cell collection in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Giovanni D'Arena, Pellegrino Musto, Lazzaro Di Mauro, Nicola Cascavilla, Nicola Dello Iacono, Potito Rosario Scalzulli, Rosella Matera, Mario Carotenuto
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

In order to investigate what is the best single parameter to predict the leukapheretic yield of circulating CD34+ progenitor cells, we retrospectively analyzed data from 68 patients with hematological malignancies who underwent mobilizing therapy. Three main parameters were monitored: total white blood cell (WBC), CD34+ cells, and monocyte counts in peripheral blood (PB) at the same day and at the preceding day of the apheretic procedure. Linear regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between CD34+ cell value in PB just before harvest and the number of CD34+ cells collected (P < 0.0001), but not at the preceding day. Monocyte PB concentration and absolute WBC count did not correlate with CD34+ cells harvested, at the preceding day of leukapheresis as well as at the same day of the procedure. The number of CD34+ cells in mobilized PB at the same day of harvest evidenced a very good capacity of predicting the value of harvested CD34+ cell number after collection, while WBC and monocyte count displayed quite a wide dispersion of results. In particular, an amount greater than 50/microL of circulating CD34+ cells ensured the best collections. Finally, CD34+ and CFU-GM content evaluated for each apheresis showed a strong reciprocal correlation (r 0.78; P < 0.0001). We conclude that the absolute number of CD34+ cells at the day of leukapheresis is the only parameter for identifying the exact timing for apheresis and predicting the amount of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) that will be collected. In this setting, WBC and monocyte counts, at the day of collection or at the preceding day, are not useful tools.
POSTDIPHTHERIC PARALYSIS OF THE DIAPHRAGM
Authors: L. A. ALESEN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Postdiphtheric paralysis of the diaphragm is a complication so universally associated with 100 per cent. mortality, both in the literature and in the minds of those engaged in the practice of medicine, that an undoubted instance presenting a typical picture with grave symptoms eventuating in complete recovery seems of sufficient interest to warrant a somewhat detailed report. In general, the various types of paralyses so commonly associated with diphtheria are estimated to occur in from 10 to 25 per cent. of all infections with the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus. The time of onset varies from three or four days (as mentioned by Tice<sup>1</sup>for severe cases) to from one to six or seven weeks (as estimated by Osler<sup>2</sup>). Concerning the frequency of true diaphragmatic paralysis in diphtheria, there is considerable variance among the authorities, Tice quoting Jochman's series of 130 cases with an incidence of 3.8 per cent. for diaphragmatic
Motor Vehicle Crashes in Diabetic Patients with Tight Glycemic Control: A Population-based Case Control Analysis
Authors: Donald A. Redelmeier, Anne B. Kenshole, Joel G. Ray
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

Complications from diabetes mellitus can compromise a driver's ability to safely operate a motor vehicle, yet little is known about whether euglycemia predicts normal driving risks among adults with diabetes. We studied the association between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the risk of a motor vehicle crash using a population-based case control analysis.We identified consecutive drivers reported to vehicle licensing authorities between January 1, 2005 to January 1, 2007 who had a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and a HbA1c documented. The risk of a crash was calculated taking into account potential confounders including blood glucose monitoring, complications, and treatments. A total of 57 patients were involved in a crash and 738 were not involved in a crash. The mean HbA1c was lower for those in a crash than controls (7.4% versus 7.9%, unpaired t-test, p = 0.019), equal to a 26% increase in the relative risk of a crash for each 1% reduction in HbA1c (odds ratio = 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.54). The trend was evident across the range of HbA1c values and persisted after adjustment for measured confounders (odds ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.55). The two other significant risk factors for a crash were a history of severe hypoglycemia requiring outside assistance (odds ratio = 4.07, 95% confidence interval 2.35-7.04) and later age at diabetes diagnosis (odds ratio per decade = 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.07-1.57).In this selected population, tighter glycemic control, as measured by the HbA1c, is associated with an increased risk of a motor vehicle crash.
Inotropic Action of Hexamethonium
Authors: WOO CHOO LEE, F. E. SHIDEMAN
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

The positive inotropic action of hexamethonium in hypodynamic and freshly prepared papillary muscles of the eat and the hypodynamic heart-lung preparation of the dog has been demonstrated. Within certain limits, there exists a proportionality between the concentration of hexamethonium and the magnitude of the inotropic response. In both preparations results have been obtained which indicate that a state of partial refractoriness to the positive inotropic action of hexamethonium may be produced.
Intermittent venous sampling without heparinisation.
Authors: D P Mikhailidis, R A Hutton
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Manipulation trialsSIR,-Every doctor and most laymen are well aware of patients who have been treated for backache for months, even years, within the NHS and have finally been adjured to "live with it."A proportion of such patients secured rapid relief from a lay manipulator.It was this well-recognised fact that let me teach spinal manipulation (among other techniques) to my physiotherapy students from 1940 to 1970.The intention was that those who needed this treatment should get it immediately, from skilled personnel, and in full view within the hospital rather than wander off in the end on their own to try their luck with some self-styled layman.This policy worked very well, many patients recovering swiftly-in half of all cases, backache recovered in one session of manipulation.It is very noble of Dr H Sims-Williams and others (24 November, p 1318) to have put up the controlled trial that they describe.The result was negative; but, firstly, the patients were not selected as suited or unsuited to manipulation; secondly, they were treated by Maitland's adaptation of Balfour's' (1819) and Recamier's oscillatory techniques2 (methods with scant resemblance to those taught by me3); and, thirdly, they were all assessed at the end of a month.Physiotherapy (that is, heat and exercises) for backache is useless.Their article states, "The management of non-specific back pain is unsatisfactory and physiotherapy is often prescribed empirically."On what grounds?No patient should be treated until the cause of his symptoms becomes clear, and the measure prescribed should be appropriate to the diagnosis.If manipulation were confined to suitable cases, proper methods were employed, and the assessment were made after a few days a very different picture would emerge.Meanwhile, doctors are discouraged by papers like this one from adopting sensible measures and the jubilant lay manipulators cash in again.
Medical education, manpower, and unemployment
Authors: R Silverstone, M R Salkind
Journal: BMJ (1981)

vast number of clinicians-definitely not limited to teaching hospitals.Rothchild's report of 19712 was all for applied research, and I think that this is how it should be.It was rather disenchanting to see in Patients First that no mention was made of research since a lot of applied research is meant eventually to result in a better service because it is nothing but re-evaluating current procedures and treatments.AHMES L PAHOR
Comparison of Outcomes from a Phase 3 Study of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with a Matched, Observational Cohort
Authors: Mark C Gillies, Richard J Walton, Jennifer J Arnold, Ian L McAllister, Judy M Simpson, Alex P Hunyor, Robyn Guymer, Rohan W Essex, Nigel Morlet, Daniel Barthelmes
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
IMPOTENCE CAUSED BY THE EXCESSIVE CONSUMPTION OF BROMO-SELTZER.
Authors: WILLIAM J. ROBINSON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The case herewith reported possesses a double interest. It demonstrates the hitherto, I think, unreported injurious effect of the coal-tar derivatives on the sexual sphere and the danger of permitting the indiscriminate sale to the laity of dangerous drugs and nostrums. <h3>Patient.</h3> —Mr. S. J., teacher, married, father of three children, consulted me Feb. 2, 1906, for loss of sexual power. For over a year he had been noticing a gradual diminution of the<i>libidio sexualis</i>, together with<i>ejaculatio prœcox</i>. He has been generally running down, losing flesh, etc. <h3>Examination.</h3> —His complexion was sallow, dingy, cachectic. He tires very quickly, and gets out of breath on walking up stairs, or on running after a car. His tongue was heavily coated and breath was offensive. He had no appetite, bowels were constipated. He had had gonorrhea twelve years ago, but is apparently perfectly cured, there being no shreds in the urine
Identification of novel candidate tumour marker genes for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Ryuhei Nishino, Masao Honda, Taro Yamashita, Hajime Takatori, Hiroshi Minato, Yoh Zen, Motoko Sasaki, Hiroyuki Takamura, Katsuhisa Horimoto, Tetsuo Ohta, Yasuni Nakanuma, Shuichi Kaneko
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Environmental tobacco smoke effects on cysteinyl leukotrienes in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis*1
Authors: B.H. Salt, K.S. Kott, J.N. Sakimura, S. Jhawar, R.J. McDonald, L.J. Gershwin, V.L. Mitchell, J.P. Joad
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
New Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibitor HOE 694 improves postischemic function and high-energy phosphate resynthesis and reduces Ca2+ overload in isolated perfused rabbit heart.
Authors: M Hendrikx, K Mubagwa, F Verdonck, K Overloop, P Van Hecke, F Vanstapel, A Van Lommel, E Verbeken, J Lauweryns, W Flameng
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Experiments were carried out using the new Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibitor (3-methylsulfonyl-4-piperidinobenzoyl)guanidine methanesulfonate (HOE 694) to assess the role of Na(+)-H+ exchange in myocardial ischemic and reperfusion injury.Three groups of rabbit hearts (n = 5 in each) were perfused with blood and were subjected to 45 minutes of global normothermic (37 degrees C) ischemia, followed by 1 hour of reperfusion. Group 1 was the control group (vehicle only); in group 2, HOE 694 (1 mumol/L) was administered before ischemia (pretreatment group); and in group 3, HOE 694 was given only during reperfusion to separate actions exerted during ischemia from those specifically obtained during reperfusion. End-diastolic pressure rise at 1 hour of reperfusion was reduced by administration of HOE 694 starting before ischemia (from 52.2 +/- 8.5 mm Hg in group 1 to 17.6 +/- 4.5 mm Hg in group 2, P < .01) or starting on reperfusion (28.8 +/- 5.4 mm Hg in group 3, P < .05 versus group 1). Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and its derivative (dP/dt) recovered better in HOE 694-pretreated hearts (LVDP, 79 +/- 9.9 mm Hg in group 2 versus 24.8 +/- 10 mm Hg in group 1; dP/dt, 1580 +/- 198 mm Hg/s versus 340 +/- 221 mm Hg/s, P < .01). In hearts treated only on reperfusion, some improvement was observed, which, however, did not reach statistical significance. Coronary flow on reperfusion was higher in groups 2 and 3 compared with controls, and no "no-reflow" was observed. Two additional groups of hearts were perfused with phosphate-free Krebs-Henseleit solution to enable studies with 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). ATP was better preserved in HOE 694-pretreated (62 +/- 4.9% of preischemic value) than in control hearts (44 +/- 3.3%) at the end of 30 minutes of reperfusion, and phosphocreatine resynthesis was higher (109 +/- 3.7% versus 86 +/- 5.4%). HOE 694 did not affect the time course of intracellular acidosis during ischemia but suppressed a small alkaline overshoot occurring early in reperfusion (pH 6.96 +/- 0.02 in HOE 694-pretreated hearts versus 7.14 +/- 0.05 in control hearts). Electron microscopy with Ca2+ staining of the blood-perfused hearts showed that clumping of Ca2+ aggregates in mitochondria was prevented by HOE 694.Postischemic dysfunction was associated with a rise in end-diastolic pressure. This rise was effectively blocked by HOE 694. The drug was most effective when hearts were treated before ischemia, although partial protection was observed when administration was started on reperfusion. The action of HOE 694 strengthens the idea that Na(+)-H+ exchange during both ischemia and reperfusion contributes to contractile dysfunction.
Augmentation of allergic inflammation by cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition does not depend on STAT6 signaling
Authors: R.S. Peebles, K. Hashimoto, P.W. Jones, J.D. Morrow, R.D. Collins, K. Goleniewska, J. Furlong, D.B. Mitchell, B.S. Graham, J.R. Sheller
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
THE AMELIORATION OF MENTAL DISEASE BY INFLUENZA
Authors: KARL A. MENNINGER
Journal: JAMA (1930)

That any somatic disease may influence any mental disease favorably is a matter of great theoretical and practical importance. The malarial treatment of paresis is a concrete example of its clinical utilization.<sup>1</sup>But its theoretical implications extend far into the complicated questions of the interrelations of psychic and somatic disease and touch intimately on the important problem of reversibility. That it is a fact of repeated observation that somatic disease may favorably affect preexisting psychotic manifestations should not require much evidence here. Pinel<sup>2</sup>enumerates various disorders "operating to produce a permanency of recovery." Jacobi<sup>3</sup>mentioned it in 1844. Koster<sup>4</sup>wrote an inaugural dissertation on it in 1848 at Bonn; and the literature contains fully two score contributions, case reports and discussions. Back of all this, of course, is the theory, presumably based on many observations, of traumatic or shock treatment. But the precise delimitation of the
Evaluation and Management of Infertility in Women: The Internists' Role
Authors: Karen Rosene-Montella, Erin Keely, Steven A. Laifer, Richard V. Lee
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Interventions for infertility have greatly increased in number and sophistication. Women with multiple medical problems and women near or beyond menopause are now able to conceive. The internist will be called on to assess the risk that infertility interventions pose and to counsel patients accordingly. Knowledge of the medical illnesses associated with infertility, the types of infertility treatments available, and the medical complications of these interventions are required to properly assess this risk. Medical complications of infertility interventions can be direct effects of related drugs and technologies and indirect consequences of the induced pregnancy, multiple gestation, or associated medical conditions. This article reviews the definitions and scope of infertility, the interventions used for treatment of infertility, the medical complications of these interventions, the potential risks of fertility treatment in women unable to conceive spontaneously, and important issues for preconception counseling.
A new look at medicine and politics
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Cyril Chantler, one of Britain’s wisest doctors, likes to give people a photocopy of Enoch Powell’s book on medicine and politics and tell them that it’s the best thing ever written on the NHS. Younger readers may not have heard of Enoch Powell, but he was a Tory minister of health in the early 1960s. He is most famous for his racist “rivers of blood speech,” and I can remember protesting outside his Belgravia home. Could he really have written the best book on the NHS?

I think that Cyril is right. One of Powell’s strengths is that he was a distinguished classicist and writes beautifully, with directness, clarity, and …
A MILK-BORNE EPIDEMIC OF SEPTIC SORE THROAT IN PORTLAND, OREGON
Authors: R. L. BENSON
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The epidemic here reported, which includes 487 cases of septic sore throat, with twenty-two deaths, occurred almost exclusively among the customers of a single raw-milk dairy. All but one of the patients who died had drunk this milk. Prompt detection of the cause of the epidemic and equally prompt control of the milk supply by heating were made possible by complete cooperation between the clinicians, the city health bureau and the dairy management, and resulted in checking further extension of the epidemic within twenty-four hours after the suspicion of a milk-borne epidemic was first brought to the attention of the health bureau, March 27, 1922. <h3>HISTORY OF THE OUTBREAK</h3> A child, aged 2 years, died, March 25, 1922, with the clinical picture of sore throat and acute encephalitis. Other cases occurred in various parts of the west side of Portland on this day and the next two days, all evidently
Combined expression of A1 and A20 achieves optimal protection of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Uta Kunter, Soizic Daniel, Maria B. Arvelo, Jean Choi, Tala Shukri, Virendra I. Patel, Christopher R. Longo, Salvatore T. Scali, Gautam Shrikhande, Eduardo Rocha, Eva Czismadia, Christina Mottley, Shane T. Grey, Jürgen Floege, Christiane Ferran
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
1176 A PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF HEPATIC, SYSTEMIC AND PULMONARY HEMODYNAMICS IN HIV-HCV COINFECTED PATIENTS PRIOR AND AFTER ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
Authors: T. Reiberger, A. Ferlitsch, B.A. Payer, W. Sieghart, A. Rieger, M. Peck-Radosavljevic
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Aspirin for strokes and transient ischaemic attacks
Authors: J. M Kellett
Journal: BMJ (1988)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Current dietary guidelines recommend limiting sugar intake for the prevention of diabetes mellitus (DM). Reduction in sugar intake may require sugar substitutes. Among these, D-allulose is a non-calorie rare monosaccharide with 70% sweetness of sucrose, which has shown anti-DM effects in Asian populations. However, there is limited data on the effects of D-allulose in other populations, including Westerners. <h3>Research design and methods</h3> This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study conducted in 30 subjects without DM. Study participants were given a standard oral (50 g) sucrose load and randomized to placebo or escalating doses of D-allulose (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 g). Subjects crossed-over to the alternate study treatment after 7–14 days of wash out. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured at five time points: before and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after ingestion. <h3>Results</h3> D-allulose was associated with a dose-dependent reduction of plasma glucose at 30 min compared with placebo. In particular, glucose was significantly lower with the 7.5 g (mean difference: 11; 95% CI 3 to 19; p=0.005) and 10 g (mean difference: 12; 95% CI 4 to 20; p=0.002) doses. Although glucose was not reduced at the other time points, there was a dose-dependent reduction in glucose excursion compared with placebo, which was significant with the 10 g dose (p=0.023). Accordingly, at 30 min D-allulose was associated with a trend towards lower insulin levels compared with placebo, which was significant with the 10 g dose (mean difference: 14; 95% CI 4 to 25; p=0.006). D-allulose did not reduce insulin at any other time point, but there was a significant dose-dependent reduction in insulin excursion compared with placebo (p=0.028), which was significant with the 10 g dose (p=0.002). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This is the largest study assessing the effects of D-allulose in Westerners demonstrating an early dose-dependent reduction in plasma glucose and insulin levels as well as decreased postprandial glucose and insulin excursion in subjects without DM. These pilot observations set the basis for large-scale investigations to support the anti-DM effects of D-allulose. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT02714413.
Effect of an Oral Shiga Toxin–Binding Agent on Diarrhea-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Children&lt;SUBTITLE&gt;A Randomized Controlled Trial&lt;/SUBTITLE&gt;
Authors: Howard Trachtman
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children. Most cases are caused by an intestinal infection with Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli.To determine if administration of an oral agent that binds Shiga toxin could diminish the severity of diarrhea-associated HUS in pediatric patients.Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 145 children (96 experimental and 49 placebo) aged 6 months to 18 years with diarrhea-associated HUS conducted between July 27, 1997, and April 14, 2001, at 26 tertiary care pediatric nephrology centers in the United States and Canada. Trial included 2 phases, the hospital course for treatment of the acute illness and a 60-day outpatient follow-up period after discharge from the hospital.Patients were assigned to receive the binding agent, 500 mg/kg daily, or cornmeal placebo orally for 7 days in a 2:1 randomization scheme.Combined frequency of death or serious extrarenal events and need for dialysis in the experimental vs placebo group.A total of 62 patients (43%) were male and 123 (85%) were white. The median age of the patients was 4.2 years. Most patients (59%) were transferred from other hospitals to participating sites. The severity of disease at the time of randomization was comparable in the 2 groups. The prevalence of death or serious extrarenal events was 18% and 20% in the experimental and placebo groups, respectively (P =.82). Dialysis was required in 42% of experimental and 39% of placebo groups (P =.86).Oral therapy with a Shiga toxin-binding agent failed to diminish the severity of disease in pediatric patients with diarrhea-associated HUS.