tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood Groups of Gastric Ulcer and Carcinoma
Authors: W. H. Beasley
Journal: BMJ (1960)

The earliest attempt to find a relationship between the ABO blood groups and disease was that of Alexander (1921). From a study of 50 malignant neoplasms he concluded that groups B and AB were peculiarly susceptible to various forms of neoplasm and that O was more stable or resistant, but admitted that his figures were too small for the susceptibility of group A to be discerned. He found that neoplasms in B and AB groups were severe and rapidly growing, while those in groups O and A were of low malignancy and of long duration.
P-Selectin and P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1 Are Major Determinants for Th1 Cell Recruitment to Nonlymphoid Effector Sites in the Intestinal Lamina Propria
Authors: Wael Haddad, Cristine J. Cooper, Zheng Zhang, Jeffrey B. Brown, Yuechun Zhu, Andrew Issekutz, Ivan Fuss, Hae-ock Lee, Geoffrey S. Kansas, Terrence A. Barrett
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

The recruitment of activated T cell subsets to sites of effector immune responses is mediated by homing receptors induced upon activation in secondary lymphoid tissue. Using an adoptive transfer model, the intestinal recruitment of CD4+ T cells activated with intraperitoneal antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant was examined. The data demonstrate that activated CD4+ T cells recruited to intestinal Peyer's patches (PP) and lamina propria (LP) up-regulate functional P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1). Blockade of IL-12 inhibited functional PSGL-1 expression and reduced PP and LP CD4+ T cell recruitment by &amp;gt;40%. P-Selectin blockade reduced LP recruitment of activated cells by 56% without affecting PP recruitment. Studies of mice examined 3 d after adoptive transfer of differentiated T cell subsets revealed that Th1 but not Th2 cells were recruited to small intestine PP and LP. Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule blockade reduced Th1 recruitment to PP by 90% and to LP by &amp;gt;72%, whereas P-selectin blockade reduced Th1 recruitment to PP by 18% and Th1 recruitment to LP by 84%. These data suggest that IL-12–induced functional PSGL-1 expression is a major determinant for the recruitment of Th1 effector cells to noninflamed as well as inflamed intestine.
Letter: Dukes classification of carcinoma of the rectum.
Authors: C G Lindstrom
Journal: BMJ (1976)

weakness in any other muscle groups.Two separate Tensilon tests (10 mg edrophonium chloride) wvith saline control were performed in a double-blind manner.After the first injection of edrophonium chloride the ptosis improved greatly, and two days later with the second test the im- provement was less marked.After the Tensilon tests all therapy was stopped and the patient referred to the late Professor Andrew Wilson, who suggested that this myasthenic syndrome might be related to the practolol.Electromyography revealed no abnormality, nor did it six months later, when the patient had been off all therapy.Investigations including ESR, haemoglobin, blood urea and electrolytes, thyroid function tests, and x-rays of the mediastinum revealed no abnormality.The myasthenic symptoms have not recurred following the second dose of edrophonium chloride, but because the patient's blood pressure rose after stopping the practolol he was restarted on spironolactone 100 mg daily and bendrofluazide 5 mg daily.
Most British non-white groups are less healthy than white people, census data show
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

New research has shown the widespread health inequalities among different ethnic minority groups in England and Wales, with most non-white groups “consistently more unhealthy” than white groups, with the exception of Chinese people, who are the healthiest of all.

Researchers at the University of Manchester examined census data spanning two decades and found that the prevalence of long term illness was consistently 10% higher among Pakistani and Bangladeshi women than among white …
Medullary collecting duct acidification. Effects of potassium, HCO3 concentration, and pCO2.
Authors: H R Jacobson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The medullary collecting duct (MCD) from renal outer medulla possesses significant HCO3 absorptive capacity. In vitro microperfusion studies have shown that HCO3 absorption in this segment is carbonic anhydrase dependent, affected by peritubular and luminal chloride concentrations, is independent of the presence of Na or the presence of Na transport, and is stimulated by mineralocorticoid hormone. The present in vitro microperfusion studies defined regulatory influences on MCD acidification as assessed by acute changes in the extracellular K and HCO3 concentrations and pCO2. These studies showed that acute changes in the peritubular K concentration to either 0 mM K or 50 mM K have no significant effect on HCO3 absorption in MCD. Intracellular voltage recordings showed that elevation of peritubular K concentration from 5 to 50 mM produced only a 2.8 mV depolarization of the basolateral cell membrane of MCD cells. In addition, acute reduction of peritubular K from 5 to 0 mM had no significant effect on intracellular voltage. Studies that were designed to assess the effects of HCO3 concentration and pCO2 on acidification showed that acute reduction of peritubular HCO3 concentration from 25 to 5 mM (pH change from 7.4 to 6.8) increased lumen-positive voltage from 30.2 +/- 3.8 to 40.0 +/- 4.4 mV, and simultaneously increased net HCO3 absorption from 15.6 +/- 1.9 to 22.9 +/- 2.9 pmol X mm-1 X min-1. Elevation of peritubular HCO3 concentration from 25 to 50 mM (pH change from 7.4 to 7.8) significantly decreased lumen-positive voltage from 33.8 +/- 2.4 to 26.7 +/- 1.5 mV and simultaneously decreased net HCO3 absorption from 17.9 +/- 1.2 to 12.8 +/- 1.3 pmol X mm-1 X min-1. In addition, acute reduction of peritubular pCO2 from 40 to less than 14 mmHg (final pH 7.8-7.9) significantly decreased lumen-positive voltage from 31 +/- 4.4 to 15.7 +/- 1.0 mV. Coincidentally, HCO3 absorption decreased significantly from 11.0 +/- 3.7 to 5.3 +/- 0.7 pmol X mm-1 X min-1. We conclude that: alteration of peritubular K concentration from 0 to 50 mM in vitro does not affect HCO3 absorption in the MCD, and that this lack of effect appears to be related to a low basolateral cell membrane K conductance; net HCO3 absorption and the associated lumen-positive voltage can be modulated by in vitro changes in peritubular HCO3 and pCO2 (or pH); and the MCD perfused in vitro appears to be a good model for studying the mechanisms and regulation of distal nephron acidification.
AUSCULTATORY FRICTION: A LITTLE-USED METHOD OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Authors: H. H. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1910)

The results agree closely with Bohr's recent calculations of the aiterial 'oxyen' pressure which might be expected during rest if diffusion alone were in play.2. When a much higher percentage of CO 'is breathed' (0.2 per cent.or more) the oxygen pressure in the arterial 'blood rises to nearly double that of the alveolar air, and considerably above that of the external air.With intermediate percentages of CO there are, intermediate rises in the arterial oxygen pressure.
Notes on American Medical History
Authors: David F. Musto, Manuel R. Ramos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Abstract From 1918 to 1920, the police department of New Haven, Connecticut, operated a maintenance clinic for morphine addicts. The clinic registered 91 patrons by September 1920, when the facility was closed because of a change in federal narcotics-regulation policies. Death certificates recovered for 40 of the 91 registrants (44 per cent) show that the patrons' mean age of death was 55.9 years. Although this age is 13 years younger than the mean age of death of the general population, it is comparable to the death rates for lower socioeconomic groups. The causes of death of the 40 patrons were rarely related to drugs; however, like nonaddicted persons in lower socioeconomic groups, the patrons faced higher risks of alcoholism, infectious diseases, suicide, and accidents. Thus, although many in the group appear to have freed themselves from drug addiction, they continued to face other hazards predisposing them to premature mortality. (N Engl J Med. 1981; 304:1071–7.)
Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms
Authors: Dilantha B. Ellegala, Arthur L. Day
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

The brain derives its blood supply from two internal carotid arteries, which supply most of the cerebrum, and two vertebral arteries, which merge to form the basilar artery and supply the brain stem, the cerebellum, and the visual cortex of the cerebrum. These vessels shed most of their external supporting layers as they enter the skull and are therefore considerably thinner and more fragile than vessels elsewhere in the body. On penetrating the dura mater, each vessel traverses the subarachnoid space at the base of the skull, where communications are established between the major trunks to form the circle of . . .
Where worlds meet
Authors: A. Sheikh
Journal: BMJ (2003)

On concluding the midday prayer, the imam turned to the congregation, which must have numbered over 100 people, and told them that he had, that morning, been informed that their friend and fellow worshipper was making good progress in hospital. Being a visitor to the area, I had no idea to whom he was referring and paid little attention to the progress report that followed. The imam's parting advice did, however, catch my notice: “There is, therefore, no need for you all to visit him today, and please pass this message on to your family and friends. Also, …
Cancer support services in the voluntary sector.
Authors: C Dickens
Journal: BMJ (1993)

register should be well defined.Having a list of recognised qualifications or colleges would be pointless as a potential patient would find it almost impossible to ascertain which were bona fide; in addition, there would be no opportunity to impose sanctions.Lastly, hypnotherapy does not have to be confined to the medical profession as a medical qualification is not a prerequisite to being a good hypnotherapist.Indeed, some lay therapists are better than their medical
Direct In-Vitro Isolation of the Legionnaires' Disease Bacterium in Two Fatal Cases
Authors: MORRIS DUMOFF
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Two cases of Legionnaires' disease were diagnosed by direct isolation of the organism, from pleural fluid obtained before death in one case and lung tissue obtained after death in both cases. The organisms were recovered on a commercially prepared, enriched chocolate agar (Gibco, Madison, Wisconsin). Subcultures grew on commercially prepared, enriched chocolate agar (Baltimore Biological Laboratories, Cockeysville, Maryland) and on in-house enriched chocolate agar prepared with GC Medium Base (Difco, Detroit, Michigan). No growth was obtained on enriched chocolate agar prepared with trypticase soy agar. The organisms were poorly visualized in Gram-stained sections of formalin-fixed lung tissue. In Giemsa-stained sections poorly stained intracellular and extracellular slender rods were seen. However, with a silver impregnation stain, either a modified Dieterle or a modified Warthin-Starry procedure, many large, blunt-ended rods were seen. Smears prepared from minced formalin-fixed lung tissue and stained with a fluorescent antibody conjugate contained large numbers of well-stained organisms.
Neural effects on sinus rate and atrioventricular conduction produced by electrical stimulation from a transvenous electrode catheter in the canine right pulmonary artery.
Authors: T B Cooper, G R Hageman, T N James, A L Waldo
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

We studied the effects on sinus rate and atrioventricular (AV) conduction of electrical stimulation from a 12-polar electrode catheter advanced into the right pulmonary artery of 21 anesthetized dogs.In each experiment, the distal tip of the electrode catheter was positioned at a standard fluoroscopic site, and a sequence of bipolar electrograms was recorded during sinus rhythm from the 11 adjacent catheter electrode pairs using a standardized technique.Within each sequence of electrograms, a characteristic change in the polarity of the atrial complexes was identified at a site in the proximal right pulmonary artery.This recording site was labeled the site of initial polarity transition.Stimulus-strength response testing was performed from each catheter electrode pair during spontaneous sinus rhythm and during atrial fibrillation sustained by rapid atrial pacing.The least stimulus strengths required to slow sinus rate or to depress AV conduction were obtained using an electrode pair at a proximal right pulmonary artery site identified as the optimal stimulation site.This stimulation site was at, or immediately proximal to, the recording site of initial polarity transition.Stimulation distal to the site of initial polarity transition precipitated atrial fibrillation using stimulus strengths which were very low compared to stimulus strengths required to precipitate atrial fibrillation at more proximal sites.Negative chronotropic and negative dromotropic effects persisted throughout 5-minute periods of stimulation from the optimal stimulation site and could be modulated by varying stimulus parameters.Using neurophysiological and neuropharmacological techniques, we demonstrated that these effects were produced by stimulation of preganglionic parasympathetic efferent nerve fibers.
Paying for Cancer Care Under the Diagnosis-Related Group Reimbursement-Reply
Authors: John W. Yarbro
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  We agree with Dr Wizenberg that Dr Davis 1 did not address the core of the issue. Dr Davis suggests that patient care costs of patients on clinical trials are research costs. These patients would be getting treatment even if data were not being collected on the effect of the treatment, so these are really patient care costs. She states that the law prohibits her from paying research costs, but then she states that Medicare is currently paying these costs up to the prevailing DRG. Dr Davis essentially argues that if the care of patients in clinical trials costs more, this should be paid by community hospitals as a loss leader. This is a strategy used by supermarkets, but is a questionable strategy on which to base the future of our national biomedical research program.  Moreover, our current data suggest that conventional cancer care may be a breakeven
Syrian Hamster as a Permissive Immunocompetent Animal Model for the Study of Oncolytic Adenovirus Vectors
Authors: Maria A. Thomas, Jacqueline F. Spencer, Marie C. La Regina, Debanjan Dhar, Ann E. Tollefson, Karoly Toth, William S.M. Wold
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Oncolytic adenoviruses represent an innovative approach to cancer therapy. These vectors are typically evaluated in immunodeficient mice with human xenograft tumors. However, in addition to being immunodeficient, this model is limited because normal and cancerous mouse tissues are poorly permissive for human adenovirus replication. This prompted us to search for a model that more accurately reflects the use of oncolytic adenoviruses in cancer patients. To this end, we developed a novel Syrian hamster model that is both immunocompetent and replication-permissive. We found that human adenovirus replicates well in Syrian hamster cell lines and confirmed replication in the lungs. Oncolytic adenovirus injection showed efficacy in three different hamster tumor models. Furthermore, i.t. oncolytic adenovirus injection resulted in suppression of primary and metastatic lesions, i.t. replication and necrosis, vector entrance into the bloodstream, replication in the liver and lungs, and anti-adenovirus antibody induction. Our findings show that the Syrian hamster is a promising immunocompetent model that is permissive to human adenovirus replication in tumors as well as normal tissues. Therefore, the Syrian hamster model may become a valuable tool for the field of oncolytic adenovirus vectors in which vector safety and efficacy can be evaluated. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1270-6)
Direct stimulatory effect of low-intensity 670 nm laser irradiation on human endothelial cell proliferation
Authors: A. Schindl, H. Merwald, L. Schindl, C. Kaun, J. Wojta
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Direct stimulatory effect of low‐intensity 670 nm laser irradiation on human endothelial cell proliferation Get access A. Schindl, A. Schindl Departments of Dermatology (Division of Special and Environmental Dermatology) and Andreas Schindl MD PhD. E‐mail: Andreas.Schindl@akh‐wien.ac.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Merwald, H. Merwald Departments of Dermatology (Division of Special and Environmental Dermatology) and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Schindl, L. Schindl Institute for Laser Therapy, Rathausplatz 4, A‐3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Kaun, C. Kaun Internal Medicine II, University of Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A‐1090 Vienna, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Wojta J. Wojta Departments of Dermatology (Division of Special and Environmental Dermatology) and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 2, 1 February 2003, Pages 334–336, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05070.x Published: 01 February 2003 Article history Accepted: 01 July 2002 Published: 01 February 2003
Affinity of FVIII-specific antibodies reveals major differences between neutralizing and nonneutralizing antibodies in humans
Authors: Christoph J. Hofbauer, Shawn F. J. Whelan, Maria Hirschler, Peter Allacher, Frank M. Horling, John-Philip Lawo, Johannes Oldenburg, Andreas Tiede, Christoph Male, Jerzy Windyga, Andreas Greinacher, Paul N. Knöbl, Gerald Schrenk, Jadranka Koehn, Friedrich Scheiflinger, Birgit M. Reipert
Journal: Blood (2014)
RECTO-UTERINE FISTULA.
Authors: L. H. BERND
Journal: JAMA (1905)

<h3>Patient.</h3> —Mrs. S., aged 33, married, housewife, was referred to me at the Italian Hospital, April 5, 1905, with the following history: <h3>History.</h3> —Patient has given birth to eight children, three still living, five miscarriages; otherwise she never had any trouble. Her present trouble started five weeks ago, when she aborted a three months fetus. She was curetted by her family physician at that time. <h3>Examination.</h3> —The woman is very pale and thin, complains of headache, backache, and a feeling of uneasiness in the lower part of the pelvis; also of a bloody fetid discharge. The perinneum is lacerated through the external sphincter. She has a slight cystocele and a large rectocele. There was no visible discharge, the patient having taken a douche. A unilateral laceration of the cervix could be felt, and the uterus seemed slightly adherent to the rectum. The fundus was enlarged and soft; the tubes and
Missbildungen des menschlichen Herzens: Entwicklungsgeschichte und Pathologie—
Authors: F. D. Zeman
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In his foreword, the author admits that when first assigned to this subject he was dismayed at working in what seemed then to be an unproductive field. With increasing knowledge, however, he succumbed to the fascination of the subject. The result is a first-rate contribution toward the solution of difficult problems. The first part of the book is concerned with the fundamentals of normal development of the human heart. The author's beliefs are presented in detail. The effect of exogenous factors such as anoxia, as shown by Warkany and others, fits appropriately into the framework of his findings. The second part considers malformations, and is based on the author's classification. Complementing and enhancing the excellence of the text are the wonderfully vivid illustrations by Ingrid Schaumburg. This is a book for the practicing cardiologist who may not be interested in the genetic and anatomic details of the first part, but
Mercury Embolization of the Lung
Authors: Bartolome Celli, M. Anees Khan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Although accidental or suicidal mercurial embolization of systemic or pulmonary vasculature has occasionally been described,1 2 3 4 5 self-administration intravenously of metallic mercury in the hope of attaining muscular strength of an athlete is unusual. In contrast, the practice, among the laity, of deliberate intramuscular injection of metallic mercury under the false hope of developing stronger musculature has been informally recognized in Latin and South America (Cortez C: personal communication), but sequelae have not been described. We report on a case of acute lung disease that developed in a young amateur boxer after deliberate intravenous injection of 20 ml of metallic mercury.Case . . .
Structure of the cGMP-gated channel
Authors: Daniel D. Oprian
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract The subunit structure of the cGMP-gated cation channel of rod photoreceptors is rapidly being defined, and in the process the mode of regulation by Ca 2+ -calmodulin unraveled. Intriguingly, early results suggest that additional subunits of unknown function are associated with the channel and remain to be identified.
Subjective Follow-up of Patients from a Surgical Intensive Therapy Ward
Authors: P. B. Hewitt
Journal: BMJ (1970)

One-hundred consecutive patients who had been treated in the surgical intensive therapy ward completed a form recording their impressions of their stay. Most patients had a reasonable idea of how long they had spent in the ward and few remembered being in pain or excessively worried by any of the procedures carried out. Those who had been artificially ventilated had little recollection of this period; most either did not realize that their breathing had been artificially maintained or had no idea of the duration of ventilatory support. Very few of the patients who had tracheal suction via endotracheal or tracheostomy tubes were unduly worried by this, but 60% of the patients who needed nasopharyngeal suction to help sputum clearance had been considerably worried by this.Most of the patients were very pleased with the medical and nursing attention they had received and did not find the "intensive" nature of their care unduly disturbing.
T cells reactive to a single immunodominant self-restricted allopeptide induce skin graft rejection in mice.
Authors: A Valujskikh, D Matesic, A Gilliam, D Anthony, T M Haqqi, P S Heeger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Alloreactive T lymphocytes can respond to foreign MHC complexed with foreign peptides through the direct pathway of allorecognition and can additionally recognize allopeptides expressed in the context of recipient (self) MHC through the indirect pathway. To better elucidate how indirect pathway-responsive CD4(+) T cells mediate allograft rejection, we isolated and characterized a TH1 T cell line from BALB/c recipients of B10.A skin that responds to a defined immunodominant, self-restricted allopeptide, I-Abetak58-71. When transferred into BALB/c severe combined immunodeficiency recipients of B10.A skin allografts, this cell line specifically induced a form of skin graft rejection characterized by the presence of TH1 cytokines, macrophage infiltration, and extensive fibrosis. Recall immune responses and immunofluorescence of the rejecting skin revealed only the presence of the peptide-specific T cells within the recipient animals, with no evidence of a direct pathway alloresponse. These studies demonstrate that T cells reactive to a single self-restricted allopeptide can mediate a form of allogeneic skin graft rejection that exhibits characteristics of a chronic, fibrosing process.