tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Herbal medicines will need to be registered with drug regulator to be sold in UK
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Herbal medicines will have to be licensed by the United Kingdom’s agency for registering medicine and medical devices from the end of next month to be on sale legally.

The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has introduced the new scheme, traditional herbal registration, which will come into force on 30 April, in a bid to improve the safety of patients. However, the scheme does not deal with herbal medicines’ effectiveness.

Retailers will be allowed to sell existing stock after the deadline, but it will be illegal for them to buy new stock that has been licensed after that time. To comply with the new regulations companies will have to have shown that they have met safety, quality, and …
A CASE OF THE IMPETIGO OF DUHRING
Authors: LESLIE ROBERTS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1895)

UNDER this name Duhring has described a rare form of pyodermiit, which he believes to be the true form of Impetigo, and, indeed, the only affection to which it is proper to apply this term.Some dermatologists, with wide experience, are unable to admit that this affection is anything more than a form of that contagious impetigo
Studying mental states is not a research program for comparative cognition
Authors: Sara J. Shettleworth
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract The title of the target article suggests an agenda for research on cognitive evolution that is doubly flawed. It implies that we can learn directly about animals' mental states, and its focus on human uniqueness impels a search for an existence proof rather than for understanding what components of given cognitive processes are shared among species and why.
Women and Health
Authors: Anne W. Moulton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes6 March 2001Women and HealthAnne W. Moulton, MDAnne W. Moulton, MDRhode Island Hospital, Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island. (Moulton)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-5-200103060-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Goldman MB, Hatch MC, eds. 1276 pages. San Diego: Academic Pr; 2000. $149.95. ISBN 0122881451. Order phone 800-782-4479.Field of medicine: Women's health.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: The medical and scientific community and consumers of health care.Purpose: To provide a synthesis of the latest research on a comprehensive range of diseases and conditions that affect women.Content: Written from an epidemiologic perspective, the book covers social, environmental, and occupational determinants of health as well as a life span approach to diseases and disorders that affect women. Topics include the role of women in health care and research, women at ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rhode Island Hospital, Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island. (Moulton) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 March 2001Volume 134, Issue 5Page: 432KeywordsFibromyalgiaGlobal healthGraduate medical educationHealth careHealth information technologyObstetrics and gynecologyPrevention, policy, and public healthPrimary careSexually transmitted diseasesSoftware tools ePublished: 6 March 2001 Issue Published: 6 March 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
STUDIES ON HUMAN CAPILLARIES
Authors: J. Hamilton Crawford, Heinz Rosenberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1926)

Lombard (1) in 1911 showed that bv illuminating the skin the capil- laries could be seen under the microscope.Since then many ob- servations have been carried out on the changes which take place in these vessels in health and disease.The early observations which were made recorded the impressions of the author but had no quantitative basis.In recent years photographic records have been made by some investigators in order to study the changes which take pJace in human capillaries.This method is suitable for recording gross changes which last for a considerable length of time, such as comparing the form of the capillaries in different diseased conditions.Many changes which take place in the capillary circulation are however rapid and so fleeting that it seemed desirable, if they were to be placed on a quantitative basis, to obtain records at a more rapid rate than one could do by ordinary photography.It seemed possible that cinematographic records would enable one to follow these changes and subsequently analyse them in detail by measurement.The possibility of studying alterations in the capillaries by means of cinematography first suggested itself to Krogh and Rehberg (2).They developed a method of taking photographs of the circulation in the capillaries in the tissues of Rana temporaria.It is naturally simpler to obtain records from the tissues of frogs than from human tissues since for this purpose a technique resembling that used in histological photomicrography suffices.In the human case, however, transmitted light cannot be used, so Lombard's method of illumination from above has been universally adopted.This method is difficult because by it contrast and intensity of light are much reduced com-
BN80927
Authors: Danièle Demarquay, Marion Huchet, Helène Coulomb, Laurence Lesueur-Ginot, Olivier Lavergne, José Camara, Philip G. Kasprzyk, Grégoire Prévost, Dennis C. H. Bigg
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

BN80927 belongs to a novel family of camptothecin analogs, the homocamptothecins, developed on the concept of topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibition and characterized by a stable seven-membered beta-hydroxylactone ring. Preclinical data reported here show that BN80927 retains Topo I poisoning activity in cell-free assay (DNA relaxation) as well as in living cells, in which in vivo complexes of topoisomerase experiments and quantification of DNA-protein-complexes stabilization, have confirmed the higher potency of BN80927 as compared with the Topo I inhibitor SN38. In addition, BN80927 inhibits Topo II-mediated DNA relaxation in vitro but without cleavable-complex stabilization, thus indicating catalytic inhibition. Moreover, a Topo I-altered cell line (KBSTP2), resistant to SN38, remains sensitive to BN80927, suggesting that a part of the antiproliferative effects of BN80927 are mediated by a Topo I-independent pathway. This hypothesis is also supported by in vitro data showing an antiproliferative activity of BN80927 on a model of resistance related to the noncycling state of cells (G(0)-G(1) synchronized). In cell growth assays, BN80927 is a very potent antiproliferative agent as shown by IC(50) values consistently lower than those of SN38 in tumor cell lines as well as in their related drug-resistant lines. BN80927 shows high efficiency in vivo in tumor xenograft studies using human androgen-independent prostate tumors PC3 and DU145. Altogether, these data strongly support the clinical development of BN80927.
The Use of Crystalline Visammin in the Treatment of Angina Pectoris
Authors: L. A. NALEFSKI, W. B. RUDY, N. C. GILBERT
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The high incidence of unpleasant side effects following the use of crude preparations of khellin in the treatment of angina pectoris has limited its clinical use. It was felt that if this vasodilator drug were prepared free of resins, chromones and other plant impurities, it might then be used more extensively in the treatment of coronary insufficiency. Currently, a crystalline preparation of high purity has become available. A series of patients with angina pectoris were studied using this preparation. A Starr ballistocardiograph was interjected into our study in an attempt to obtain objective evidence of any effect this drug might have on the mechanical action of the heart.
When the Enemy Is the Environment, Medical Research May Help Provide Effective Defense
Authors: Chris Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1989)

AT THE ARMY'S research center in Natick, Mass, the environment is the enemy. Investigators develop physiological, psychological, fitness, and nutritional strategies to help soldiers perform optimally in scorching heat, subzero chill, at high altitudes, and under chemical exposure. The US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine is located 27 kilometers west of Boston, yet its mission has taken researchers to Alaska, Egypt and the Tibetan Plateau. Field trips involve weeks of studying problems confronting soldiers on maneuvers in many environmental conditions. The institute's research has roots in laboratories set up just before World War II when the Army realized that no agency was studying how a soldier's performance might be affected by such stressful environments as the inside of a tank rolling across a desert. In 1942, the Secretary of War authorized establishment of the Armored Medical Research Laboratory at Fort Knox, Ky, to study acclimatization to heat, vision, nutrition,
Diastolic left ventricular pressure-volume and stress-strain relations in patients with valvular aortic stenosis and left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: K L Peterson, J Tsuji, A Johnson, J DiDonna, M LeWinter
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Left ventricular (LV) chamber and myocardial stiffness were determined in 17 patients, four subjects with normal LV function and 13 subjects with valvular aortic stenosis and concentric myocardial hypertrophy, using simultaneous catheter micromanometry and LV cineangiography. Pressure (P), volume (V), and wall thickness (h) were measured. Variability in both chamber and myocardial stiffness parameters was found with five of the aortic stenosis patients (Group 1, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure = 15 +/- 2 (SEM) mm Hg) exhibiting normal values for end-diastolic dP/dV and dP/dV/V, for chamber stiffness constants (a,a') derived from P-V and normalized P-V relations, respectively, for end-diastolic myocardial elastic stiffness (ES or EE, where S = spherical model and E = ellipsoidal model) at the midwall of the minor axis circumference, and for the myocardial stiffness constants (KS or KE) of the circumferential stress-strain relation. Eight other patients with aortic stenosis (Group II, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure = 20 +/- 3 (SEM) mm Hg) exhibited significant increases in end-diastolic dP/dV,dP/dV/V,ES and EE and a tendency for increase in the chamber stiffness constants (a,a') and myocardial stiffness constants (KS, KE). These observations suggest that concentric increase in muscle mass (increase in wall thickness/minor axis radius ratio and wall volume/chamber volume ratio) is an important determinant of elevated mid- and late diastolic pressures in patients with valvular aortic stenosis, while concurrently mitigating increases in both systolic and diastolic wall stress. In some patients with aortic stenosis, however, diastolic filling pressures are elevated more severely, not only as a result of concentric hypertrophy, but also in response to augmented muscle stiffness. Reversibility of increased ventricular diastolic stiffness and elevated filling pressures was documented as concentric hypertrophy regressed post-aortic valve replacement in one patient, suggesting that fibrosis is not invariably the cause of enhanced myocardial stiffness in this secondary and compensatory form of hypertrophy.
Managing Behavior Problems in Nursing Homes
Authors: Stephen F. Jencks
Journal: JAMA (1991)

This issue of<i>JAMA</i>contains two disquieting articles on the use of neuroleptics and mechanical restraints in nursing homes. These articles have a special timeliness because of a growing movement, embodied in recent Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA)<sup>1</sup>regulations, to transform nursing homes into rehabilitative environments that promote individualized care and the highest practical levels of functioning and independence. A major objective of this movement is to limit the use of medication and mechanical restraints to purposes of medical treatment. For 15 years, evidence has been accumulating that nursing home residents receive more psychotropic drugs, especially neuroleptics, than is easily explained by good medical practice.<sup>2,3</sup>Garrard et al<sup>4</sup>confirm previous evidence that the prescribing of neuroleptic drugs is widespread (not news) and show that the reasons for such prescribing are poorly documented (a new finding). Specifically, only half of the neuroleptic therapy used in the study of
Role of cryoanalgesia in the control of pain after thoracotomy.
Authors: J C Roxburgh, C G Markland, B A Ross, W F Kerr
Journal: Thorax (1987)

Thoracotomy causes severe postoperative pain, which is difficult to manage since the use of systemic analgesics often causes respiratory depression. Cryoanalgesia of the intercostal nerves has been advocated as an effective means of local analgesia without serious side effects. A prospective randomised blind trial to investigate the efficacy of the technique was carried out. A total of 53 patients undergoing thoracotomy were allocated to either the trial or a control group. At thoracotomy the surgeon was informed of the patient9s trial allocation. The trial group received one minute of direct cryotherapy to at least five intercostal nerves related to the incision. All patients received methadone via the lumbar epidural route in a dose calculated according to their weight. A linear analogue assessment of postoperative pain was made by the patients as soon as they were sufficiently awake. An independent record of all postoperative analgesia was kept. After discharge from hospital further assessments were made at least six weeks after operation. Statistical analysis of the scores of postoperative pain and analgesic consumption showed that there was no significant difference between the trial and the control group. There was, however, a suggestion of an increase in the long term morbidity, although these figures were not amenable to statistical analysis. Thus is has not been possible to demonstrate a role for cryoanalgesia in the control of post thoracotomy pain.
Human Lymphoblastoid Proteome Analysis Reveals a Role for the Inhibitor of Acetyltransferases Complex in DNA Double-Strand Break Response
Authors: Eef H.C. Dirksen, Jacqueline Cloos, Boudewijn J.M. Braakhuis, Ruud H. Brakenhoff, Albert J.R. Heck, Monique Slijper
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract A DNA double-strand break (DSB) is highly cytotoxic; it emerges as the type of DNA damage that most severely affects the genomic integrity of the cell. It is essential that DNA DSBs are recognized and repaired efficiently, in particular, prior to mitosis, to prevent genomic instability and eventually, the development of cancer. To assess the pathways that are induced on DNA DSBs, 14 human lymphoblastoid cell lines were challenged with bleomycin for 30 and 240 minutes to establish the fast and more prolonged response, respectively. The proteomes of 14 lymphoblastoid cell lines were investigated to account for the variation among individuals. The primary DNA DSB response was expected to occur within the nucleus; therefore, the nuclear extracts were considered. Differential analysis was done using two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis; paired ANOVA statistics were used to recognize significant changes in time. Many proteins whose nuclear levels changed statistically significantly showed a fast response, i.e., within 30 minutes after bleomycin challenge. A significant number of these proteins could be assigned to known DNA DSB response processes, such as sensing DSBs (Ku70), DNA repair through effectors (high-mobility group protein 1), or cell cycle arrest at the G2-M phase checkpoint (14-3-3 ζ). Interestingly, the nuclear levels of all three proteins in the INHAT complex were reduced after 30 minutes of bleomycin challenge, suggesting that this complex may have a role in changing the chromatin structure, allowing the DNA repair enzymes to gain access to the DNA lesions. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1473-80)
Neurobiology of Non-REM Sleep in Depression: Further Evidence for Hypofrontality and Thalamic Dysregulation
Authors: Anne Germain, Eric A. Nofzinger, David J. Kupfer, Daniel J. Buysse
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

OBJECTIVE: Sleep disturbances characterize depression and may reflect the abnormal persistence of brain activity from wakefulness into non-REM sleep. The goal of this study was to investigate the functional neuroanatomical correlates of non-REM sleep relative to presleep wakefulness in depressed patients and healthy subjects. METHOD: Twelve medication-free depressed patients and 13 healthy subjects underwent polysomnography and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans during presleep wakefulness and non-REM sleep. Statistical parametric mapping contrasts were performed to detect differences in relative regional cerebral glucose metabolism between presleep wakefulness and non-REM sleep in each group as well as interactions across states and between groups. RESULTS: Relative to healthy subjects, depressed patients showed less of a decrease in relative regional cerebral glucose metabolism from presleep wakefulness to non-REM sleep in the left and right laterodorsal frontal gyri, right medial prefrontal cortex, right superior and middle temporal gyri, insula, right posterior cingulate cortex, lingual gyrus, striate cortex, cerebellar vermis, and left thalamus. CONCLUSIONS: Patterns of relative regional cerebral glucose metabolism changes from presleep wakefulness to non-REM sleep differ in healthy subjects and depressed patients. Specifically, the transition from wakefulness to non-REM sleep was characterized by the relative persistence of elevated metabolic activity in frontoparietal regions and thalamus in depressed patients compared with healthy subjects. These findings suggest that abnormal thalamocortical network function may underlie sleep anomalies and complaints of nonrestorative sleep in depressed patients.
Spontaneous Left Atrial Dissection Presenting as Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Jung-Hyun Choi, Jun-Kyu Kang, Kyung-Joo Park, Jo-Won Jung, So-Yeon Choi, Myeong-Ho Yoon, Gyo-Seung Hwang, Seung-Jea Tahk, Joon-Han Shin
Journal: Circulation (2005)
Counting Heads in the War against Cancer: Defining the Role of Annexin A5 Imaging in Cancer Treatment and Surveillance
Authors: Maarten F. Corsten, Leonard Hofstra, Jagat Narula, Chris P.M. Reutelingsperger
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract The unveiling of the heterogeneous nature of cell death modes has compromised the long-lived consensus that cancer treatment typically kills cancer cells through apoptosis. Moreover, it implies that measures of apoptosis may be misleading indicators of treatment efficacy. Simultaneously, it has become clear that phosphatidylserine exposition, traditionally considered a hallmark of apoptosis, is also associated with most other cell death programs, rendering phosphatidylserine an attractive target for overall cell death imaging. Annexin A5 binds with strong affinity to phosphatidylserine and hence offers an interesting opportunity for visualization of aggregate cell death, thus providing a fit benchmark for in vivo monitoring of anticancer treatment. This might be of significant value for pharmacologic therapy development as well as clinical monitoring of treatment success. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1255-60)
Monoclonal antibodies reactive with the mouse interleukin 5 receptor.
Authors: A G Rolink, F Melchers, R Palacios
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

The rat mAbs R52.120 and R52.625 inhibit the action of IL-5 on both IL-5-sensitive cell lines and freshly isolated splenic B lymphocytes. Neither antibody inhibits the proliferative cell responses promoted by IL-2, IL-3, or IL-4. Purified R52.120+ lymphoid spleen cells contain 15-20-fold higher numbers of B lymphocytes responding to IL-5 in the form of maturation into antibody-producing cells. By immunofluorescence staining and flow fluorocytometry, the R52.120 and R52.625 antibodies bound to all 12 IL-5-sensitive cell lines tested. Both antibodies react with 2-4% cells in the spleen, 5% lymphoid cells, and 10-15% myeloid cells in the bone marrow, and 10-14% in the peritoneum of C57BL/6, DBA/2, and BALB/c adult mice. No positive cells for either antibody were detected in the thymus and lymph nodes of these mice. Both R52.120 and R52.625 antibodies specifically inhibit the binding of radiolabeled IL-5 to its receptor. Finally, R52.120 and R52.625 antibodies precipitate from 35S-methionine-labeled IL-5-R+ cell lysates three proteins with Mr 46,000, 130,000, and 140,000. Taken together from these results, we conclude that the R52.120 and R52.625 mAbs recognize epitopes on the IL-5-R complex very close or identical to the IL-5 binding sites.
A Doctor Among Crab Apple Trees
Authors: Joseph Geskey
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Treatment of Gonococcal Urethritis with Single Injections of Penicillin-Beeswax-Peanut Oil Mixtures
Authors: William Leifer, Samuel P. Martin, William M. M. Kirby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

ROMANSKY and Rittman1 , 2 have developed a practical and apparently safe procedure for retarding the absorption of penicillin by suspending it in a mixture of peanut oil and beeswax, and have reported favorable results in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis.During the last nine months, various mixtures of penicillin in beeswax and peanut oil have been prepared and investigated at this hospital in an attempt to determine which one would produce the most satisfactory results, from the standpoint both of prolongation of blood levels and of clinical results. In the course of these studies, 217 men with acute gonococcal urethritis were . . .