tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of calcification on in vivo mechanical response of rabbit arteries to balloon dilation.
Authors: L L Demer
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Atherosclerosis has been associated with loss of artery wall distensibility in human cadavers and in experimental animal models, giving it the lay term "hardening of the arteries."To assess the effect of calcification on arterial distensibility, balloon pressure and volume were recorded during dilation of calcified aortas in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits in vivo. Calcification was induced by dietary supplements of cholesterol, vitamin D2, and calcium. Balloon pressure, volume, and time signals were acquired at high frequency with controls for temperature and balloon inflation rate. Resistance to balloon dilation was minimal in control rabbit aortas (delta Vmax = 5.0 +/- 3.5 microliters) and in excised nonatherosclerotic human coronary arteries, and it was small in aortas from cholesterol-fed rabbits (12.3 +/- 8 microliters), even when lipid levels were markedly elevated by a high cholesterol diet (611 +/- 347 mg/dl). With dietary cholesterol, vitamin D2, and calcium supplements, WHHL rabbits developed mild hypercalcemia (15 +/- 1.9 mg/dl), hypercholesterolemia (1,100 +/- 633 mg/dl), moderate-to-marked aortic calcification, and high resistance to balloon dilation (38 +/- 27) comparable to that seen in angioplasty patients.It is concluded that experimentally induced calcification decreases the distensibility of the rabbit aorta in vivo and that it yields to balloon dilation by plastic deformation closely resembling that seen in balloon angioplasty of human coronary arteries. These findings suggest that calcification contributes to arterial "hardening" associated with atherosclerosis.
The Fungicide Chlorothalonil Is Nonlinearly Associated with Corticosterone Levels, Immunity, and Mortality in Amphibians
Authors: Taegan A. McMahon, Neal T. Halstead, Steve Johnson, Thomas R. Raffel, John M. Romansic, Patrick W. Crumrine, Raoul K. Boughton, Lynn B. Martin, Jason R. Rohr
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Contaminants have been implicated in declines of amphibians, a taxon with vital systems similar to those of humans. However, many chemicals have not been thoroughly tested on amphibians or do not directly kill them.
Complement Protein C1q Reduces the Stoichiometric Threshold for Antibody-Mediated Neutralization of West Nile Virus
Authors: Erin Mehlhop, Steevenson Nelson, Christiane A. Jost, Sergey Gorlatov, Syd Johnson, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond, Theodore C. Pierson
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)
Fever of unknown origin in childhood: difficulties in diagnosis.
Authors: K Martin, E.G. Davies, J.S. Axford
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

We have described a child with systemic onset juvenile chronic arthritis who presented initially with fever of unknown origin. Treatment of a presumed infection led to a severe allergic response with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, renal failure and DIC. This reaction obscured the features of the underlying disease and delayed the diagnosis.
Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: Midlife obesity increases risk of future dementia
Authors: George Razay, Anthea Vreugdenhil
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<b>Objective:</b> To study frequency and traits of characters that smoke in films and to document on-screen consequences of tobacco use. <b>Design:</b> This study conducted a content analysis of the top 100 grossing films in 2002, with a total global gross of US$12.4 billion. <b>Outcome measures:</b> Three outcome measures were frequency of smoking incidents, traits of characters who smoke, and consequences of tobacco use. <b>Results:</b> 6% of characters smoked in 453 incidents, including 3% of children. In 92% of incidences, smoking had no consequences. The most frequent consequence was a verbal reprimand. Although tobacco is a leading cause of preventable deaths globally, only 0.4% of tobacco incidences resulted in death. No deaths were caused by disease. Characters who smoked tended to be major characters playing leadership roles. They tended to be from privileged elites: male, white, and mature. <b>Conclusions:</b> Films portray characters that smoke as leaders from privileged elites, making smoking more attractive to audience members. Because 99.6% of characters suffer no life threatening consequences from smoking on screen, smokers seem invincible, belying tobacco's role as a leading cause of preventable deaths.
A Case of Locked Twins
Authors: I. J. Cunningham
Journal: BMJ (1960)

HAEMORRHAGIC CHICKEN-POX antibody response to the varicella virus had been modified-by cortisone therapy in Case 1 and by the infiltration of the reticulo-endothelial system in Case 2. It appears that chicken-pox may be a very serious disease in patients who are either undergoing cortisone therapy or who are suffering from a disease of the lymphoid tissue.If a patient on cortisone develops chicken-pox, serious consideration should be given to the advisability of withdrawing the drug, or at least reducing the dose; and it may also be worth while giving the patient convalescent varicella serum (Nichols, 1957).Summary and Conclusions Two fatal cases of haemorrhagic chicken-pox are described.The antibody mechanism had been upset in one by cortisone therapy, in the other by neoplastic infiltration of lyinphoid tissue.It may be necessary to modify cortisone therapy if chicken-pox supervenes.We thank Dr. H.
Differential prognostic effect of IDH1 versus IDH2 mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes: a Mayo Clinic Study of 277 patients
Authors: M M Patnaik, C A Hanson, J M Hodnefield, T L Lasho, C M Finke, R A Knudson, R P Ketterling, A Pardanani, A Tefferi
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Bilateral Simultaneous Sphygmomanometry
Authors: JAMES F. TOOLE, E. FRANK TULLOCH
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A series of 30 normal persons and four patients with proved subclavian steal were studied by use of a standard exercise test and an instrument devised by us for measuring blood pressure in the two arms simultaneously. No significant differences were found in the blood pressures in the arms of the normal persons in the base-line or exercise state, but in the patients with subclavian steal, exercise of the involved limb produced rapid fatigue and always reduced the blood pressure on the involved side. In one case, pulse pressure was lost completely so that there was no detectable blood pressure. In these four cases the radial pulse which had been palpable [see table in the PDF file] before the exercise test was either absent or barely palpable, and a definite pulse delay was detected on the involved side. The exercise test may serve to accentuate borderline differences in blood pressure and substantiate a clinical diagnosis of subclavian steal.
P670Modification of adiponectin and leptin in adipose tissue of patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: M Lupinski, I Werner, UA Stock, A Moritz, A Beiras-Fernandez
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Coronary heart disease is characterized by atherosclerosis, which typically results in coronary stenosis and myocardial ischemia. Myocardial ischemia can appear as chronic ischemia without symptoms or acute ischemia with diverse symptoms. Variable studies have shown that adipokines, produced by adipose tissue, are involved in inflammatory processes. It has been shown that adipokines influence the development and progress of coronary heart diseases. We investigate the expression of Leptin, Adiponectin and its receptors AdipoR-1 and AdipoR-2 in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), mediastinal adipose tissue (MAT) and peripheral adipose tissue (PAT) of patients with coronary artery disease with different ischemic states. EAT, MAT and PAT samples of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with chronic (CI; n=5), acute (AI; n=5) and non-ischemia (NI; n=5) were compared. Levels of Leptin, Adiponectin, AdipoR-1 and AdipoR-2 were determined by RT-PCR. Comparisons of the three groups were evaluated by one-way ANOVA. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Comparing Adiponectin expression in PAT, MAT and EAT samples, a significant gradually increase from NI to CI in expression levels was detected in the PAT and MAT groups. Adiponectin levels significantly decreased gradually from PAT to EAT in CI patients. AdipoR-1 showed the reverse expression levels. Leptin expression levels were opposed detected to Adiponectin levels when comparing PAT, MAT and EAT within the NI, AI and CI groups. Our results show a correlation between Adipokine, AdipoR-1 and Leptin expression in coronary artery disease with different stages of ischemia. Leptin, known to evoke pro-inflammatory effects, is up-regulated in CI tissue and EAT. On the other hand, Adiponectin, which is acting in a more anti-inflammatory way, is less found in AI tissue compared to CI tissue samples. Thus we suggest a regulatory relationship between Leptin and Adiponectin in ischemic inflammatory processes. Additionally, a reversed gradual expression of Adiponectin and Leptin was found in CI tissue samples.
Thrombocytosis, circulating platelet aggregates, and neurological dysfunction.
Authors: F E Preston, J F Martin, R M Stewart, G A Davies-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1979)

In 12 patients whose neurological dysfunction was associated with thrombocytosis or evidence of abnormal platelet activation, or both, correction of the platelet disorder corresponded with reversal of the neurological symptoms. This suggests that platelet abnormalities may, in certain cases, produce several syndromes of neurological dysfunction, presumably as a result of obstruction of the cerebral microcirculation.
Over the Counter but No Longer under the Radar — Pediatric Cough and Cold Medications
Authors: Joshua M. Sharfstein, Marisa North, Janet R. Serwint
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Dr. Joshua Sharfstein, Marisa North, and Dr. Janet Serwint write that, in October, an FDA advisory committee voted in favor of immediate action against the use of cough and cold medications in children under 6. After the meeting, the major manufacturers of these products announced that they would continue to market these preparations for children between 2 and 5 years of age.
Prazosin: Preliminary Report and Comparative Studies with Other Antihypertensive Agents
Authors: G. S. Stokes, M. A. Weber
Journal: BMJ (1974)

In a group of 14 hypertensive patients a 10-week course of treatment with prazosin 3-7·5 mg/day produced a significant reduction in mean blood pressure without serious side effects. The fall in diastolic pressure exceeded the response to a placebo by 10 mm Hg or more in 9 patients. The average decrease in diastolic pressure was similar to that produced by methyldopa 750 mg/day or propranolol 120-160 mg/day but the fall in systolic pressure was comparatively smaller, consistent with reported experimental work showing that the drug causes vasodilatation. The hypotensive effect of prazosin 1·5-3 mg/day combined with propranolol was significantly greater than that of propranolol alone and resulted in good control of blood pressure.
Balloon dilatation of calcific aortic stenosis in elderly patients: postmortem, intraoperative, and percutaneous valvuloplasty studies.
Authors: R G McKay, R D Safian, J E Lock, V S Mandell, R L Thurer, S J Schnitt, W Grossman
Journal: Circulation (1986)

To assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in calcific aortic stenosis, balloon dilatation of critically stenosed, calcified aortic valves was performed in five postmortem hearts, in five patients intraoperatively before aortic valve replacement, and in two elderly patients percutaneously at the time of diagnostic catheterization. The etiology of aortic stenosis in the 12 cases was rheumatic in two, congenital bicuspid calcific stenosis in one, and senile calcific degenerative stenosis in the remaining nine. Prevalvuloplasty examination in the 10 postmortem and intraoperative cases revealed rigid valve leaflets with commissural fusion in three valves and extensive nodular calcification in seven. Subsequent balloon dilatation with 15 to 18 mm valvuloplasty balloons resulted in decreased cusp rigidity and increased mobility of valve leaflets in all cases, without evidence of tearing of valve leaflets, disruption of the valvular ring, or liberation of calcific or valvular debris. In the three valve specimens with commissural fusion, balloon dilatation resulted in partial or complete separation of leaflets along fused commissures. In two cases with extensive nodular calcification, balloon dilatation resulted in a fracture of a calcified leaflet that was evident on both gross and radiologic examination. After postmortem and intraoperative studies, percutaneous catheter valvuloplasty was performed at the time of diagnostic catheterization in two elderly patients (93- and 85-year-old women) with long-standing calcific aortic stenosis. Balloon dilatation with 12 to 18 mm balloons resulted in significant decreases in aortic gradients and significant increases in cardiac index and aortic valve area in both patients. Percutaneous valvuloplasty in both patients resulted in a mild increase in aortic insufficiency and no evidence of embolic phenomena.
Prenatal Diagnosis and Prevention of Hyaline-Membrane Disease
Authors: Mary Ellen Avery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

A sharp increase in cortisol in amniotic liquid is a normal event after about the 34th week of gestation (as noted by Fencl and Tulchinsky elsewhere in this issue of the Journal); cord blood levels of cortisol rise around the 36th week of gestation, and higher levels of cortisol in mixed cord blood are associated with less respiratory distress in infants than are lower levels.1 , 2 The implication of the observations on cortisol levels in blood and amniotic liquid is that normal intrauterine life is characterized by a period after the 34th to the 36th week of pregnancy during which . . .
Changing Relationship of Blood Pressure with Mortality over Time among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Christine A. Stidley, William C. Hunt, Francesca Tentori, Darren Schmidt, Mark Rohrscheib, Susan Paine, Edward J. Bedrick, Klemens B. Meyer, H. Keith Johnson, Philip G. Zager
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

High BP is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease mortality in the general population. Surprising, studies that have been conducted among hemodialysis (HD) patients have yielded conflicting data on the relationship between BP and mortality. This study explores two hypotheses among HD patients: (1) The relationship between BP and mortality changes over time, and (2) mild to moderate hypertension is well tolerated. Incident HD patients who were treated at Dialysis Clinic Inc. facilities between 1993 and 2003 were studied. Primary end points were atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. The relationship between BP and mortality was analyzed in two sets of Cox proportional hazards models. Model-B explored the relationship between baseline BP and mortality in sequential time periods. Model-TV assessed the relationship between BP, treated as time-varying, and mortality. The study sample (n = 16,959) was similar in characteristics to the United States Renal Data Systems population, although black patients were slightly overrepresented. Model-B demonstrated that the relationship between baseline BP and mortality changes over time. Low systolic BP (<120 mmHg) was associated with increased mortality in years 1 and 2. High systolic BP (> or =150 mmHg) was associated with increased mortality among patients who survived > or =3 yr. Low pulse pressure was associated with increased mortality. Model-TV demonstrated that mild to moderate systolic hypertension may be relatively well tolerated. In conclusion, the relationship between baseline BP and mortality changes over time. Mild to moderate systolic hypertension was associated with only modest increases in mortality.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Liver and Biliary Diseases
Authors: William G. M. Hardison
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine15 March 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Liver and Biliary DiseasesWilliam G. M. Hardison, MDWilliam G. M. Hardison, MDUniversity of California and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-6-199303150-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Liver and Biliary DiseasesNeil Kaplowitz; ed. 732 pages. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1992. $105.00.Major textbooks now contain ample, accurate, and current information. They are carefully scrutinized by reviewers and editors to insure this standard. One textbook is distinguished from another by its content, organization, writing, and accessibility of information. I believe Dr. Kaplowitz's book scores high in each area. The book starts with three chapters on liver structure and function, which I consider to be as concise, well written, and informative as anything I have read in the literature. These chapters, along with the next section on pathophysiology, set a ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1993Volume 118, Issue 6Page: 479-480KeywordsLibrariesLiverLiver diseasesScientists ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Ectoparasite Induced Elevations of alpha-gal Specific IgE are Associated with Increased Total Serum IgE and Cat Sensitization but not with Asthma
Authors: L.A. Kelly, S.L. Pochan, H.R. James, L.J. Workman, P.W. Heymann, S.P. Commins, T.A.E. Platts-Mills
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to coeliac disease
Authors: I Djilali-Saiah, J Schmitz, E Harfouch-Hammoud, J-F Mougenot, J-F Bach, S Caillat-Zucman
Journal: Gut (1998)

Background —Susceptibility to coeliac disease is strongly associated with particular HLA class II alleles. However, non-HLA genetic factors are likely to be required for the development of the disease. Among candidate genes is the CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated) gene located on chromosome 2q33 in humans, which encodes a cell surface molecule providing a negative signal for T cell activation. Aims —To investigate CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism (position 49 A/G) in patients with coeliac disease. Patients —101 patients with coeliac disease and 130 healthy controls. Methods —Allele specific hybridisation and restriction enzyme digestion of polymerase chain reaction amplified genomic DNA. Results —The A allele of the CTLA-4 position 49 polymorphism was found on 82.2% of chromosomes in patients with coeliac disease compared with 65.8% in controls (p&lt;0.0001), mostly in the homozygous form (68.3% in patients versus 47.7% in controls; odds ratio (OR) 2.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37 to 4.06, p=0.002). Four patients only had the G/G genotype compared with 21 controls (OR 0.21, CI 10.07 to 0.64, p=0.002). These differences were maintained when subjects were stratified according to the HLA class II phenotype, in particular when patients and controls were matched for the presence of the predisposing HLA DQB1*02 (DQ2) allele or HLA-DQA1*0501/DQB1*02 heterodimer. Conclusion —The CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is a non-HLA determinant that predisposes to coeliac disease. Whether it directly contributes to disease susceptibility or represents a marker for a locus in linkage disequilibrium with CTLA-4 needs further investigation.
A Rapid Method of Performing Enterectomy without the Aid of any Special Apparatus
Authors: L. Rogers
Journal: BMJ (1896)

ENTERECTOMY WITHOUT SPECIAL APPARATUS.TEC BRT 903 or subsequent to it, and in each of these three cases the guinea-pigs became tuberculous.In the other cases no tubercle bacilli were even found in the expectoration, and in no case did the animals become tuberculous.I think these experiments will show how reliable such ex- periments are in guinea-pigs if carefully performed, and that if expectoration from a human being whiclh is not affected with tuberculosis is inoculated into guinea-pigs, and precau- tions are taken in the experiment to prevent contamination,
Treatment of Bed-wetting
Authors: Russell B. Roth
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  The article Treatment of Bed-Wetting, reports chiefly on advice and encouragement, antidepressant drugs, and alarm systems. It does, however, add mention of bladder training, surgery, psychotherapy, and other drug regimens. In support of completeness, if for no other purpose, it should be called to the attention of the author that approximately one fourth of the children in the world today live in China, and in China, acupuncture is far and away the treatment of choice for bed-wetting. I will not detail the varieties in method that are employed, but I can report that there was unanimous agreement among Chinese pediatricians and urologists that acupuncture should be used first. It was then added by some of the physicians that the addition of imipramine hydrochloride could make the results even better. Having said all this, I can only add that, in my urologic practice, I do not use acupuncture.
Status and Prospects for Discovery and Verification of New Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease by Proteomics
Authors: Robert E. Gerszten, Aarti Asnani, Steven A. Carr
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Despite unmet needs for cardiovascular biomarkers, few new protein markers have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the diagnosis or screening of cardiovascular diseases. Mass spectrometry–based proteomics technologies are capable of identifying hundreds to thousands of proteins in cells, tissues, and biofluids. Proteomics may therefore provide the opportunity to elucidate new biomarkers and pathways without a prior known association with cardiovascular disease; however, important obstacles remain. In this review, we focus on emerging techniques that may form a coherently integrated pipeline to overcome present limitations to both the discovery and validation processes.
Emergency admissions for the elderly
Authors: D. F. C. Deacon
Journal: BMJ (1967)

As regards the suggestion that there should be 100 full-time "A" doctors, my feeling is that there has been misunderstanding here.At the outset it was indicated that if fulltime doctors were to run the new service this could be done by between 80 and 100 doctors, but I am not of the view that it was ever intended that the new service should be run by full-time doctors, but by part-time, as at present, and that the number required would be about 400 instead of the present 1,600 to 2,000.It is a known fact that at present 80% of all appointed factory doctors' work is carried out by 20% of the appointed factory doctors-namely, about 400.Far from accepting our demise with equanimity, we view the new service as a challenge, and a worth-while job for us to carry out with skill and experience.-Iam, etc.,
Hypobetalipoproteinaemia--a variant of the Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome.
Authors: B B Scott, J P Miller, M S Losowsky
Journal: Gut (1979)

A patient is reported with hypobetalipoproteinaemia and clinical features resembling the Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome (abetalipoproteinaemia) more completely than previously described. This supports a link between hypobetalipoproteinaemia and abetalipoproteinaemia and it is suggested that the Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome has a wide spectrum with serum betalipoprotein ranging from absent to normal. It is likely that there are different genetic entities with similar end results.