tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mefloquine has more adverse effects than other drugs for malaria prophylaxis
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Researchers for the Cochrane Collaboration have found that mefloquine (Lariam) has more adverse effects than the two main alternatives for antimalaria prophylaxis.

They looked at prophylactic regimens for visitors to countries where Plasmodium falciparum has developed resistance to chloroquine ( Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009;(4):CD006491, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006491.pub2). Their review looked at the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of three regimens: atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone), doxycycline, and mefloquine.

On safety, the authors said that the main problem …
Bone regeneration by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and a novel biodegradable carrier in a rabbit ulnar defect model
Authors: Satoshi Kokubo, Ryuhei Fujimoto, Shoji Yokota, Shinji Fukushima, Kazutoshi Nozaki, Koichiro Takahashi, Keiji Miyata
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
Stocking Sucker's Syndrome
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Well-written reports of unusual cases form the backbone of medical literature. They cause physicians to consider diagnostic possibilities that otherwise might never come to mind. Surely this is true for the report of a patient's history by Loeb and King in the current issue of<i>American Journal of Diseases of Children</i>(128:256-257, 1974). <h3>Prelude.—</h3> From the age of 14 months, a youngster had been seen repeatedly by various physicians because of episodes of "bronchopneumonia" or severe vomiting or both that would last four to six days and subside with symptomatic therapy including fluids administered intravenously. In 1970, at 5 years of age, the child had undergone an operation for what was said to be a hiatal hernia. Numerous x-ray film studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract had failed to show any abnormality of the esophagus or stomach. <h3>Admission 1.—</h3> Loeb and King first saw the patient in November 1972 at
Statins Increase p21 through Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase Activity and Release of Promoter-Associated HDAC1/2
Authors: Yi-Chu Lin, Jung-Hsin Lin, Chia-Wei Chou, Yu-Fan Chang, Shu-Hao Yeh, Ching-Chow Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors broadly used for the control of hypercholesterolemia. Recently, they are reported to have beneficial effects on certain cancers. In this study, we show that statins inhibited the histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and increased the accumulation of acetylated histone-H3 and the expression of p21WAF/CIP in human cancer cells. Computational modeling showed the direct interaction of the carboxylic acid moiety of statins with the catalytic site of HDAC2. In the subsequent enzymatic assay, it was shown that lovastatin inhibited HDAC2 activity competitively with a Ki value of 31.6 μmol/L. Sp1 but not p53 sites were found to be the statins-responsive element shown by p21 luciferase-promoter assays. DNA affinity protein binding assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed the dissociation of HDAC1/2 and association of CBP, leading to the histone-H3 acetylation on the Sp1 sites of p21 promoter. In vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth were both inhibited by statins. These results suggest a novel mechanism for statins through abrogation of the HDAC activity and promoter histone-H3 acetylation to regulate p21 expression. Therefore, statins might serve as novel HDAC inhibitors for cancer therapy and chemoprevention. [Cancer Res 2008;68(7):2375–83]
A 23-Year-Old Woman With a Pelvic Mass Studied by Ultrasound and Computed Tomography
Authors: Ay-Ming Wang, Johan G. Blickman, Robert F. Rauktis, Harry P. Ellison, Calvin L. Rumbaugh
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>History</h3> A 23-year-old woman was found, on routine pelvic examination, to have a firm, tender, fixed adnexal mass, approximately 7 cm in diameter, extending into the superior pelvic cul-de-sac. She denied having genitourinary and gastrointestinal symptoms. No history of pelvic or urinary tract infection was present, nor was pregnancy a possibility. Laboratory studies were noncontributory. An excretory urogram was normal. A barium enema study demonstrated an increase in the retrorectal space but was otherwise normal. An ultrasound study of the pelvis (longitudinal section) demonstrated a solid mass (Fig 1, arrowheads) in the pelvis. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Neurofibroma of the sacral root (S-2). A 6-cm retroperitoneal mass was discovered at laparotomy, slightly to the right of the midline and below the sacral promontory, corresponding to the solid mass observed on ultrasonography, located behind the uterus. A biopsy specimen identified this mass as a neurofibroma; it was demonstrated on postoperative computed tomographic (CT) scan
Shigellosis from cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: M. A. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  In a letter concerning cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (241:2701, 1979), Khan et al addressed the potential danger of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation with the use of manikins in CPR training. We have recently had an interesting case illustrating the danger of mouth-to-mouth CPR.  Report of a Case.—  A 3-year-old child with a one-day history of fever, nausea, and vomiting arrived at a rural hospital emergency room without vital signs, and a physician immediately began mouth-to-mouth CPR in an unsuccessful attempt to revive the child. At autopsy, dehydration, follicular colitis, and Ascaris infestation were found, and multiple cultures were taken. The following day, similar symptoms developed in two of the child's siblings, one of whom was hospitalized. Three days after the attempted CPR, the physician who had administered it to the child was admitted to a hospital with fever, severe headache, and diarrhea. Stool cultures from the patient at autopsy, the hospitalized
Myocardial Expression of Fas and Recovery of Left Ventricular Function in Patients With Recent-Onset Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Richard Sheppard, Maninder Bedi, Toru Kubota, Marc J. Semigran, William Dec, Richard Holubkov, Arthur M. Feldman, Warren D. Rosenblum, Charles F. McTiernan, Dennis M. McNamara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Activation of the alternative complement pathway by exposure of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine on erythrocytes from sickle cell disease patients.
Authors: R H Wang, G Phillips, M E Medof, C Mold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Deoxygenation of erythrocytes from sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients alters membrane phospholipid distribution with increased exposure of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outer leaflet. This study investigated whether altered membrane phospholipid exposure on sickle erythrocytes results in complement activation. In vitro deoxygenation of sickle but not normal erythrocytes resulted in complement activation measured by C3 binding. Additional evidence indicated that this activation was the result of the alterations in membrane phospholipids. First, complement was activated by normal erythrocytes after incubation with sodium tetrathionate, which produces similar phospholipid changes. Second, antibody was not required for complement activation by sickle or tetrathionate-treated erythrocytes. Third, the membrane regulatory proteins, decay-accelerating factor (CD55) and the C3b/C4b receptor (CD35), were normal on sickle and tetrathionate-treated erythrocytes. Finally, insertion of PE or PS into normal erythrocytes induced alternative pathway activation. SCA patients in crisis exhibited increased plasma factor Bb levels compared with baseline, and erythrocytes isolated from hospitalized SCA patients had increased levels of bound C3, indicating that alternative pathway activation occurs in vivo. Activation of complement may be a contributing factor in sickle crisis episodes, shortening the life span of erythrocytes and decreasing host defense against infections.
Dyserythropoiesis and erythroblast‐phagocytosis preceding pure red cell aplasia
Authors: Michael J. Keefer, Dilip L. Solanki
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract A 50‐year‐old woman with typical acquired primary pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) was successfully treated with prednisone. A later relapse was preceded by a period of ineffective erythropoiesis characterized by a reticulocyte response inappropriately low for the degree of anemia, serum iron of 189 üg/dl, total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC) of 213 μ/g/dl, and erythroid hyperplasia. In addition there was marked dyserythropoiesis and erythroblast‐phagocytosis. One month later, bone marrow examination showed classic PRCA. This rarely reported evolutionary stage of PRCA has several implications: 1) it suggests antibody induced erythroblast cytotoxicity as one mechanism of PRCA; 2) at a particular time in the development of PRCA there is potential for misdiagnosis as primary refractory anemia (PRA); and 3) some cases of PRA with similar morphologic and laboratory findings may be pathogenetically related to PRCA and may benefit from evaluation for immune‐mediated suppression of erythropoiesis.
THE MODERN TREATMENT OF EMPYEMA BY ANTISEPTICS
Authors: R. A. Stoney
Journal: BMJ (1918)

FEB. i6, x9x8 at eulsi'uced ttlat ou attem'pt shiouild be nitade to remiiove the foirewgni body from the lung, while tlle patienit is in a base hospitl in France. RESULTS.In my series of 450 cases there were 27 deathis, the causes of whlichl wlhen examined will slhow the hiopelessness of certain cases and will also point to one problem in surgerv wlhich has not been solved-tlhat is, cases in wlicih the infected haemotlhorax is pocketed.In these 27 cases tlle causes of death were as follows:1. Septicaeuiia, due to pocketing ... ... Drained. 2. Septicanemia ... ...
Perforated Duodenal Ulcer During Pregnancy
Authors: M. Horwich
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Perforated DuodenaJ Ulcer During PregnancyPerforation of a duodenal ulcer during pregnancy is a rare and serious condition which requires urgent treatment to obtain a successful outcome for both mother and foetus.The following case is reported on account of the rarity and importance of the condition, and also because some interesting points occurred during treatment.
ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS RECRUITMENT CORRELATE WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE SEVERITY
Authors: Federica Massaro, Niccolò Mancini, Maria Elena Lucia Picoi, Chrysanthos Grigoratos, Tatiana Santoni, Maria Chiara Barsotti, Francesca Felice, Paola Collecchi, Cristian Scatena, Giuseppe A. Naccarato, Generoso Bevilacqua, Uberto Bortolotti, Rossella Di Stefano, Alberto Balbarini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Altruism, Self-interest, and Medical Ethics
Authors: Robert F. Sanke
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —On reading Dr Pellegrino's response to the letter by Dr Tiemstra,<sup>1</sup>I was surprised at how indirectly Dr Pellegrino addressed the issues brought up by Dr Tiemstra. His response was superficial and seemed to be more defensive than explanatory. Dr Tiemstra has raised some important issues that concern the medical profession and the practice of health care at this time. Dr Pellegrino referred to one of Dr Tiemstra's points (about student selection) as being "gratuitous." With all due respect to Dr Pellegrino, I think his response is gratuitous. He raises the question of whether there is a reliable way of measuring altruism. Although there is no infallible way of measuring this, there is definitely a reliable way of ensuring that the greatest amount of altruism is encouraged and discovered in members of the medical profession, both students and practitioners. Dr Tiemstra seems to have isolated one
Development and Use of an Administrative Claims Measure for Profiling Hospital-wide Performance on 30-Day Unplanned Readmission
Authors: Leora I. Horwitz, Chohreh Partovian, Zhenqiu Lin, Jacqueline N. Grady, Jeph Herrin, Mitchell Conover, Julia Montague, Chloe Dillaway, Kathleen Bartczak, Lisa G. Suter, Joseph S. Ross, Susannah M. Bernheim, Harlan M. Krumholz, Elizabeth E. Drye
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Existing publicly reported readmission measures are condition-specific, representing less than 20% of adult hospitalizations. An all-condition measure may better measure quality and promote innovation.
Homocysteine Modulates the CD40/CD40L System
Authors: Cesaria Prontera, Nicola Martelli, Virgilio Evangelista, Etrusca D’Urbano, Stefano Manarini, Antonio Recchiuti, Alfredo Dragani, Cecilia Passeri, Giovanni Davì, Mario Romano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
<i>The Girls on the Bridge</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Selective bacterial adherance to cardiac endothelial cells in tissue culture
Authors: L. R PETERSON, A. A SINHA, R. P GRUNINGER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1981)

The adherence of 16 gram-positive bacterial isolates and eight gram-negative bacterial isolates to cardiac endothelial cells from rabbits, chickens, pigs and opossums was evaluated using a tissue culture system. A single coagulase-negative staphylococcus was significantly more adherent over cell cultures and controls than any other organism tested. Adherent bacteria were sticky to most surfaces tested. No differences in adherence were demonstrated between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria when they were compared as groups.
Naevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome with unilateral neoplasms and pits
Authors: C. CAMISA, CINDY ROSSANA, L. LITTLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Naevoid basal‐cell carcinoma syndrome with unilateral neoplasms and pits Get access C. CAMISA, C. CAMISA Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. Dr Charles Camisa, 4731 University Hospitals Clinic, 456 Clinic Drive, Columbus, Ohio 43210, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CINDY ROSSANA, CINDY ROSSANA Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. LITTLE L. LITTLE Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue 3, 1 September 1985, Pages 365–367, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02092.x Published: 01 September 1985 Article history Accepted: 10 March 1985 Published: 01 September 1985
THE TRACHOMA PROBLEM AMONG THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS
Authors: L. WEBSTER FOX
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The subject of trachoma is inexhaustible. Most of the literature is confined to European trachoma, with here and there an excursion into the American type, as it exists in the big cities and in the mountain fastnesses of this or that Southern state. But the searcher after truth will be amazed to find how few recorded observations there are as regards a permanent population wholly under the domain of the federal government, whose life and habits permit of continuous surveillance. When the governmental agencies take an interest in the citizens of any of the sovereign states, the question is raised as to their authority to do so; yet here is an entire people, over whom the federal government has unhampered authority, who are affected from time to time with infectious diseases and yet the medical profession, as a whole, has paused not at all to consider these affections as of
1016. Modulation of Transgene Expression: DNA Methylation Is, at Best, Only Partly Responsible
Authors: Marlene S. Strayer, Gongyi Ren, Martyn K. White, Dawn Maier, David S. Strayer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Many vectors are prone to waning transgene expression. To maintain expression one must first understand how inactivation occurs. Although SV40-derived vectors (rSV40s) are not susceptible to waning transgene expression, some transgenes (mainly of nonvertebrate origin, e.g., red fluorescent protein, RFP), express well when virus genomes are transfected but poorly on rSV40 transduction. Studying gene silencing in this system may provide useful insights into regulation of transgene expression.
Two-Step Islet Autoantibody Screening for Risk Assessment of Type 1 Diabetes in Relatives
Authors: Matteo R Pastore, Elena Bazzigaluppi, Riccardo Bonfanti, Nicoletta Dozio, Alessandro Sergi, Annalisa Balini, Cristina Belloni, Franco Meschi, Ezio Bonifacio, Emanuele Bosi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

To examine the performance of islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GADA), IA-2 (IA-2 antibody [IA-2A]), and insulin (insulin autoantibody [IAA]), alone and in combination, in assessing type 1 diabetes risk within type 1 diabetic families to identify a practical and effective screening strategy for predicting type 1 diabetes in relatives.ICA, GADA, IA-2A, and IAA were determined in 806 first-degree relatives participating in a prospective type 1 diabetes family study (median follow-up 6.17 years, range 0.6-8.3). The conferred risk of developing type 1 diabetes within 6 years was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier for each antibody marker, used alone or in combination.ICAs were detected in 3%, GADA in 5.1%, IA-2A in 2.5%, and IAA in 3.7% of relatives; > or =1 antibody markers were detected in 10.7% of relatives and > or =2 were detected in 1.9% of relatives. The risk of type 1 diabetes at 6 years was 1.5% in relatives with only 1 marker and 24.8% in relatives with > or =2 markers. As a practical and effective strategy for type 1 diabetes risk assessment in relatives, this study indicates a first-step screening based on GADA and IA-2A measurement--which identified 6.5% of relatives, including all who developed the disease, with a 6-year type 1 diabetes risk of 9.0%--followed by a second step based on ICA and IAA measurement in relatives with either GADA or IA-2A, which identified a total of 1.9% of all relatives as having > or =2 markers, and a 6-year risk of 24.8%, including 6 of 7 who developed type 1 diabetes.A two-step antibody screening, based first on GADA and IA-2A and then on ICA and IAA measurements in identified individuals, is likely to be a practical, sensitive, and effective strategy for predicting type 1 diabetes in first-degree relatives.
Preintubation Pap Smears of Vocal Cords and Larynx
Authors: J. Chalon
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We note in theQUESTIONS AND ANSWERSsection of your March 27th issue that Dr. Sam Nixon of Floresville, Tex, is interested in the possibility of early diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma by routine swabbing of the vocal cords, prior to intubation, by the anesthesiologist. Dr. William J. Fable of Richmond, Va, answered that this could very well be done if an interested anesthesiologist were to be found. We, in fact, are very interested in the development of diagnostic procedures for the early detection of unsuspected airway cancers in anesthetized patients undergoing routine surgery. Procedures which might be tedious in the awake subject become simple under narcosis. Since 1969, we have been conducting a research project for the early diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma during general endotracheal anesthesia. Through the support of various grants we have been able to maintain a fully staffed cytology laboratory on the operating room
Abstract 3002: ID3 expression and oxidative DNA damage are associated with growth of benign and malignant vascular lesions
Authors: Quentin H. Felty, Jayanta K. Das
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Higher levels of Id3 expression have been reported in tumor-infiltrating blood vessels from various tumors, but the exact role of Id3 in vascular lesion formation is poorly understood. This study aims at identifying the status of Id3 expression and distribution in benign vascular lesions and attempts to correlate this information with the progression of vascular lesion. In this study we investigated the expression pattern of Id3 in malignant, benign, and normal human vascular tissue specimens. Expression analysis of Id3 was carried out using immunohistochemical analysis in 48 sporadic samples of a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant vascular tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that many of the malignant vascular lesions exhibited strong Id3 expression that correlated positively with increased 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) a marker of oxidative DNA damage. In contrast, in normal human vascular tissue, Id3 expression and 8-OHdG was low. In malignant vascular tissue, Id3 protein displayed a stronger nuclear localization when compared to the cytoplasm. Id3 expression levels in benign vascular lesions while still expressing Id3 were to a lesser extent when compared to malignant vascular tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare benign and malignant vascular lesions to assess the role of Id3 and 8-OHdG. Our data reveals Id3 expression and oxidative DNA damage to be highly associated in malignant cells and to a lesser extent in their benign counterparts, indicating that the growth of vascular lesions may require oxidative stress signaling converging on Id3. The results also support the involvement of Id3 in tumor angiogenesis a process that critically influences the malignant behavior of cancer cells. Citation Format: Quentin H. Felty, Jayanta K. Das. ID3 expression and oxidative DNA damage are associated with growth of benign and malignant vascular lesions. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3002. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3002
Health effects of organophosphate sheep dips.
Authors: R. R. Cook
Journal: BMJ (1992)

extraction we have used the prevalence of cataract in the population and the methods to which the authors refer to derive estimates of the incidence.We adjust for ethnic origin, the discrepancy between diagnostic and operative thresholds, attrition by death, and the level of contraindicated operations.Our estimates also suggest that unmet need for cataract extraction exists but they are unaffected by factors such as knowledge of, or access to, services that may distort demand incidence among elderly people.
Prognostic Value of HIV-1 RNA, CD4 Cell Count, and CD4 Cell Count Slope for Progression to AIDS and Death in Untreated HIV-1 Infection
Authors: John W. Mellors, Joseph B. Margolick, John P. Phair, Charles R. Rinaldo, Roger Detels, Lisa P. Jacobson, Alvaro Muñoz
Journal: JAMA (2007)