tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
UK and US groups announce new initiatives on open access publishing
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Two major groups, Oxford Journals and the Berkeley branch of the Academic Senate of the University of California, announced plans this week to encourage new open access publishing practices.

Oxford Journals, a division of Oxford University Press, the world's largest university press, announced that from July 2005 it will offer an optional author-pays model to authors who have papers accepted by a range of its journals.

The new system, Oxford Open, will give authors who have had manuscripts accepted the option to pay for their research articles to be made freely available online immediately on publication. The open access charge will be £1500 ($2800; €2200) for each article. Authors who do not want to pay will have their article published in one of the Oxford journals in the usual way.

Oxford Open is similar to the open access online system developed by the publishers Springer, Open Choice, which allows authors of journal articles to pay a basic fee …
Quantitative evaluation of a hydrophilic matrix intravaginal ring for the sustained delivery of tenofovir
Authors: Justin T. Clark, Todd J. Johnson, Meredith R. Clark, Joel S. Nebeker, Judit Fabian, Anthony L. Tuitupou, Satya Ponnapalli, Eric M. Smith, David R. Friend, Patrick F. Kiser
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Abstract 5376: Potentiation of the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity of ARQ 197 &amp; gemcitabine with a pulsatile exposure regimen
Authors: Chang-Rung Chen, Giovanni Abbadessa, Denise McSweeney, Jeffrey Szwaya, Thomas CK Chan, Dennis S. France
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract ARQ 197 is a small molecule that inhibits c-MET kinase and is being evaluated clinically both as a monotherapy and in combination with other anti-cancer agents, including gemcitabine. Prompted by clinical observations, in vitro studies were conducted to explore the combination of ARQ 197 and gemcitabine with the goal of determining the most effective exposure regimen and to further refine the strategy of an ongoing phase 1b combination clinical trial. Gemcitabine and ARQ 197 both induce cell cycle arrest in cancer cells, but in different phases. Gemcitabine induces a G1/S-phase arrest, while ARQ 197 arrests cells in the G2/M phase. We hypothesized that the efficacy of combining these two agents might be enhanced by deliberate pulsatile treatment with ample time allowed for gemcitabine-treated cells to re-enter the cell cycle and to therefore potentially increase their vulnerability to ARQ 197-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. A 7-day MTS cytotoxicity assay was employed in which the cells were seeded on Day 0, treated with gemcitabine for 24 h on Day 2, drug free medium added on Day 3, and ARQ 197 added on Day 5 for 24 h and then replaced with drug free medium. Cell viability was assayed with MTS reagent at the end of Day 7. To determine whether this pulsatile schedule was more advantageous then a regimen with no intervening “drug holiday”, control cultures were not replenished with drug free medium on Day 3 and ARQ 197 was added on Day 5. When the pulsatile schedule was employed, the combinatorial cytotoxicity of these two agents was significantly enhanced in several cancer cell lines (including NSCLC, bladder, pancreatic, breast, ovarian and uterine carcinomas). Mechanistic studies confirmed the G1/S-phase arrest of gemcitabine-treated cells, and G2/M arrest was observed following exposure to ARQ 197 in this regimen. Furthermore, this potentiation was also observed if ARQ 197 was exposed to the cancer cells as the first agent on Day 2 and gemcitabine added as the second agent on Day 5, as long as the pulsatile regimen was employed. These data suggest that modifications to dosing schedules of ARQ 197 and gemcitabine may improve the potential for synergistic anti-tumor activity in the clinic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5376. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5376
ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION PRECIPITATED BY TRANSFUSION OF STORAGE–AGED BUT NOT FRESH RED BLOOD CELLS
Authors: Robert B. Neuman, Vivek Menon, Sulaiman Karatela, James Newman, Salman Sher, Khuram Ashraf, Jose Binongo, John Roback, Arshed Quyyumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Cap-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection of large polyps involving the ileocecal valve
Authors: M. Conio, S. Blanchi, R. Filiberti, C. Ruggeri, D. Fisher
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Standard endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is limited with regard to lesions below or involving the ileocecal valve. We describe the treatment and outcomes when using cap-assisted EMR (EMR-C) to remove large laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) with ileal infiltration in seven patients (median age 74 years). Each LST (median size 40 mm) was successfully resected in one session (median procedure time 50 minutes). Intraprocedural and early bleeding occurred in two patients, and delayed hemorrhage in one. Circumferential resection of the ileum caused asymptomatic strictures in six patients, with regression during follow-up for five. We conclude that the novel EMR-C method is a potentially effective treatment for cecal LST involving the distal ileum. Serious complications such as perforation or symptomatic strictures of the ileocecal valve were not observed and any procedure-related bleeding was easily controlled.
ABC of blood pressure management. Investigation.
Authors: P F Semple
Journal: BMJ (1981)

RESULTS AUAMAi ,lCOrNSTITUENT 1 3 7 1 SODIUM 135-145 (m mol/1) 2 .8LOW POTASSIUM 3.5-5.0(m molA) 83 LOW CHLORIDE 97-107 (m mol/I) 3 2 H I G H CO0 23-30 (m.mol/l) 27 .3H T GH UREA 2.5-7-5 (m moilA) 368 T (isH CREATININE 35-130 (pmol/I)
Cell death–inducing DFF45-like effector C is reduced by caloric restriction and regulates adipocyte lipid metabolism
Authors: Björn Magnusson, Anders Gummesson, Camilla A.M. Glad, Julia H. Goedecke, Margareta Jernås, Theodore C. Lystig, Björn Carlsson, Björn Fagerberg, Lena M.S. Carlsson, Per-Arne Svensson
Journal: Metabolism (2008)
Environmental chemical-induced macrophage dysfunction.
Authors: L D Loose, J B Silkworth, T Charbonneau, F Blumenstock
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Immunomodulation by environmental chemical contaminants and the role immune parameters play in toxicity and risk assessment studies is of increasing concern. Although considerable evidence has indicated that various xenobiotics may be immunosuppressive, little attention has been directed toward ascertaining a specific cellular locus which could be responsible for the impaired immune responsiveness. Since previous studies had suggested a macrophage defect in xenobiotic-induced immunosuppression and since macrophages are integral components of an immune response, an in-depth evaluation of macrophage function was conducted in xenobiotic-exposed mice. Macrophages isolated from mice receiving PCB, HCB, and dieldrin had no alteration in their in vitro O2 consumption while at rest or during phagocytosis. In addition, no alteration in in vitro phagocytic activity, phagocytic capacity or microbicidal activity was demonstrated. However, a significant impairment in the in vivo phagocytic clearance of a labelled antigen and an altered tissue distribution of the antigen was observed and was, perhaps, related, in part, to a significant decrease in serum fibronectin, an opsonic alpha 2 surface-binding glycoprotein. Furthermore, animals exposed to HCB and dieldrin, but not to PCB, had a profound decrease in their resistance to a challenge tumor cell implant which was related to a select alteration in tumor cell killing. The adherent spleen cells from HCB-treated mice had a profound suppression in their tumoricidal activity which was in contrast to dieldrin-treated mice, where the target cell type appeared to be the nonadherent cells. However, although dieldrin-exposed adherent cells (macrophages ?) did nt appear to have an altered tumoricidal capacity, all four macrophage types isolated from dieldrin-treated mice had a significantly impaired ability to process a cellular antigen. Splenic and alveolar macrophages appeared to be the most sensitive cell types to dieldrin. The present studies suggest that macrophage dysfunction may be an integral part of xenobiotic-induced immunosuppression and that the effector but not affector component of macrophage function may be the site of alteration.
Acute Ethchlorvynol (Placidyl®) Intoxication
Authors: Brendan P. Teehan, John F. Maher, James J. H. Carey, Pauline D. Flynn, George E. Schreiner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Experience with six consecutive patients with severe acute ethchlorvynol (Placidyl®) intoxication is described, and the pertinent literature is reviewed. The typical clinical picture consisted of prolonged deep coma, hypothermia, marked respiratory depression, hypotension that usually responded to conventional therapy, and relative bradycardia despite significant hypotension. Complications included severe infections, cardiorespiratory arrest, peripheral neuropathy, and pulmonary edema. Serum levels were as high as 16.6 mg/100 ml, and the distribution space exceeded total body water. Clearances by peritoneal dialysis, forced diuresis, and hemodialysis were 18.5, 23, and 64 ml/ min, respectively. Hourly removal rates ranged from 85 to 210 mg/hr by forced diuresis and 175 to 344 mg/hr by hemodialysis. The serum half-life was shortened from over 70 hr to 22 hr when hemodialysis was used.
Bile Acids in Hepatobiliary Disease. Basic Research/Clinical Applications
Authors: M C BATESON
Journal: Gut (1998)

Bile Acids in Hepatobiliary Disease. Basic Research/Clinical Applications. Edited by Paumgartner G, Stiehl A, Gerok W. (Pp 328; illustrated; £95.00/£156.00.) Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press, 1997. ISBN 0792387252.

The father of Dr Herbert Falk ran a dispensing chemist in Freiburg im Breisgau. This South German town was flattened by Allied bombing, but rebuilt largely on the original plan. It is now a thriving university and tourist city.

During the post-war reconstruction and thereafter, Dr Falk developed a very successful manufacturing pharmaceutical business, and generously devoted much of the profits to sponsorship of scores of first-rate international medical educational meetings.

Notable organisational successes include the 1979 Basel meeting on viral hepatitis. Three thousand delegates attended what was the largest meeting ever held on liver disease. Another particularly successful initiative was the series of biennial Bile Acid meetings, the 14th of which was held in Freiburg in October 1996 and forms the basis of this book. The high quality of these gatherings ensures that all the important players in bile acid laboratory research and clinical investigation were present. To attend is to find out what is really going on in the field, rather than …
Giant alopecic nodule of the scalp: unusual presentation of a cellular blue naevus in an adult
Authors: A.J.G. McDONAGH, R.W. LAING, C.I. HARRINGTION, R.W. GRIFFITHS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Giant alopecic nodule of the scalp: unusual presentation of a cellular blue naevus in an adult Get access A.J.G. McDONAGH, A.J.G. McDONAGH Department of Dermatology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, U.K. Dr A.J.G.McDonagh, Department of Dermatology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.W. LAING, R.W. LAING Departments of Pathology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.I. HARRINGTION, C.I. HARRINGTION Department of Dermatology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.W. GRIFFITHS R.W. GRIFFITHS Departments of Plastic Surgery, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue 4, 1 April 1992, Pages 375–377, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00682.x Published: 01 April 1992
The role of biotransformation in chemical-induced liver injury.
Authors: J R Mitchell, W R Snodgrass, J R Gillette
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The role of drug metabolism in chemical-induced liver injury is reviewed. Parameters for studying the formation of chemically reactive metabolites are discussed and the factors that alter the formation and covalent binding of reactive metabolites are selectively emphasized. Some of the experimental work that led to these concepts is discussed, especially the chemical toxicology of the hepatic injury produced by acetaminophen, bromobenzene, furosemide, isoniazid and iproniazid.
Acute Myoglobinuria Associated With Type A2 (Hong Kong) Influenza
Authors: Norman M. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A 27-year-old man developed acute myoglobinuria with renal failure following an infection of type A2 (Hong Kong) influenza virus, an association not previously reported. Other respiratory infections in the past also appeared to precipitate myoglobinuria of a less severe degree.
Coproantibodies to Gluten in Celiac Disease
Authors: Teodoro Herskovic
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Coproantibodies to the peptic-tryptic digest of wheat (fraction III) were demonstrated in three patients with celiac disease but were not demonstrated in 14 control subjects with various diarrheal diseases nor in six normal subjects. This preliminary report suggests that the polypeptides of gluten may elicit the production of antibodies within the gut and that the intestine continues to secrete these antibodies for extended periods even in the apparent absence of ingested wheat proteins. These copro-antibody studies are being further evaluated as to their specificity in the diagnosis of celiac disease.
Topical Application Of Rapamycin Ointment Inhibits Dermatophagoides Farinae Body (Dfb) Extract Antigen-Induced Dermatitis In NC/Nga Mice
Authors: Fei Yang, Lingli Yang, Mari Tanaka, Mari Wataya-Kaneda, Ayumi Nakamura, Shoji Matsumoto, Mostafa Attia, Hiroyuki Murota, Ichiro Katayama
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Abstract 3897: A novel function for threonyl-tRNA synthetase as a stimulator of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration.
Authors: Tamara Williams, Adam Mirando, Christopher Francklyn, Karen M. Lounsbury
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract In mammalian systems, several aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are known to have distinct non-canonical functionality. For the first time, we demonstrate that human threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TARS) induces angiogenesis through endothelial cell signaling, and this induction can be blocked by the borrelidin derivative compound BC194. Upon stimulation with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), human endothelial cells secrete TARS into the extracellular space. Extracellular TARS induces and BC194 inhibits angiogenesis in both in vitro tube formation assays and in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic effects of BC194 are specific to its inhibition of TARS angiogenic activity rather than an indirect stress response. Additional evidence supports a stimulatory role for TARS in endothelial cell migration as a mechanism for its angiogenic activity. Taken together, these findings reveal a previously undefined function for TARS as an angiogenesis inducer stimulated by hypoxic and inflammatory signals. Detecting or intervening in the non-canonical extracellular TARS signaling pathway may thus provide a novel means of diagnosing or treating angiogenesis and inflammatory responses involved in cancer. Citation Format: Tamara Williams, Adam Mirando, Christopher Francklyn, Karen M. Lounsbury. A novel function for threonyl-tRNA synthetase as a stimulator of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3897. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3897
Thiouracil, etc. in Experimental Polyarthritis
Authors: H. B. Tripi, W. C. Kuzell, G. M. Gardner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1949)

FIG.1.-Albino rat showing (A) polyarthritis two weeks after intraperitoneal moculatlon of 2 c.cm. broth culture of L4 strain of pleuropneumonia-like organisms, and (B) radio- graph showing arthrodesis of tarsal joints two months after inoculation.1254A
Comprehensive Analysis of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Status in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chenguang Li, Yihua Sun, Zhaoyuan Fang, Xiangkun Han, Rong Fang, Yang Zhang, Yunjian Pan, Wenjing Zhang, Yan Ren, Hongbin Ji, Haiquan Chen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Chylopericardium Caused by Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Rare Complication of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Authors: Kiminobu Tanizawa, Jiro Sakamoto, Seishu Hashimoto, Takashi Misaki, Satoshi Noma, Yoichiro Kobashi, Yoshio Taguchi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
The Alternative Reading Frame Tumor Suppressor Antagonizes Hypoxia-Induced Cancer Cell Migration via Interaction with the COOH-Terminal Binding Protein Corepressor
Authors: Seema Paliwal, Ramesh C. Kovi, Bharath Nath, Ya-Wen Chen, Brian C. Lewis, Steven R. Grossman
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The alternative reading frame (ARF) tumor suppressor exerts both p53-dependent and p53-independent activities critical to the prevention of cancer in mice and humans. Recent evidence from mouse models suggests that when p53 is absent, further loss of ARF can widen the tumor spectrum, and potentiate invasion and metastasis. A major target of the p53-independent activity of ARF is the COOH-terminal binding protein (CtBP) family of metabolically regulated transcriptional corepressors, which are degraded upon acute exposure to the ARF protein. CtBPs are activated under conditions of metabolic stress, such as hypoxia, to repress epithelial and proapoptotic genes, and can mediate hypoxia-induced migration of cancer cells. The possibility that ARF could suppress tumor cell migration as part of its p53-independent activities was thus explored. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA)–mediated knockdown of ARF in human lung carcinoma cells led to increased cell migration, especially during hypoxia, and this effect was blocked by concomitant treatment with CtBP2 siRNA. Introduction of ARF into p53 and ARF-null human colon cancer cells inhibited hypoxia-induced migration. Furthermore, overexpression of CtBP2 in ARF-expressing cells enhanced cell migration, and an ARF mutant defective in CtBP-family binding was impaired in its ability to inhibit cell migration induced by CtBP2. ARF depletion or CtBP2 overexpression was associated with decreased PTEN expression and activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, and a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor blocked CtBP2-mediated cell migration. Thus, ARF can suppress cell migration by antagonizing CtBP2 and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, and these data may explain the increased aggressiveness of ARF-null tumors in mouse models. [Cancer Res 2007;67(19):9322–9]
Training in the operating theatre: is it safe?
Authors: R Aggarwal
Journal: Thorax (2006)

The importance of a systems approach to surgical training

Recent years have witnessed a number of drivers for change in the delivery of health care.1 Working time restrictions, quality assurance targets, the introduction of new technologies and star ratings for hospitals have served to create antagonism between service and training priorities. The provision of a high quality service necessitates the employment of proficient practitioners, using tools to the highest of their abilities. This is in discord with the apprenticeship model of training whereby trainees undergo graded practice on patients, leading to the development of proficiency.2 Furthermore, a number of high profile cases have highlighted the need for regular audit of outcomes to ensure patient care is not compromised.3

It is well known that achievement of proficiency to perform a procedure entails a learning curve during which morbidity and mortality gradually decline.4,5 However, some of the complications which occur during the learning curve are avoidable through appropriate case selection and adequate supervision during the procedure. In the example offered by Chaudhuri et al 6 in this issue of Thorax , trainee thoracic surgeons led over one third of the cases of lung resection. A comparison of outcomes revealed similar rates of complications and survival at 1 year. In terms of case selection, consultants operated on greater numbers of stage III tumours and trainees on …
Endosulfan exposure disrupts pheromonal systems in the red-spotted newt: a mechanism for subtle effects of environmental chemicals.
Authors: D Park, S C Hempleman, C R Propper
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Because chemicals introduced into the environment by humans can affect both long-term survivorship and reproduction of amphibians, discovering the specific mechanisms through which these chemicals act may facilitate the development of plans for amphibian conservation. We investigated the amphibian pheromonal system as a potential target of common environmental chemicals. By treating female red-spotted newts, Notophthalmus viridescens, to a commonly used insecticide, endosulfan, we found that the pheromonal system is highly susceptible to low-concentration exposure. The impairment of the pheromonal system directly led to disrupted mate choice and lowered mating success. There were no other notable physiologic or behavioral changes demonstrated by the animals at the insecticide concentrations administered. Our findings suggest that the amphibian pheromonal system is one of the systems subject to subtle negative effects of environmental chemicals.
Utopian Ideals of Francis Bacon
Authors: Robert V. Sager
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To the Editor:—  Your interesting editorial, Modern Technology and the Life Sciences in the June 15 issue ofThe Journal( 184 :889) starts with a condescending bow to the utopian ideals of Francis Bacon. Far from being utopian, Bacon was thoroughly practical and modern ( even to the extent of accepting bribes ).  I raise this difference not to be precious, but because we can still learn much from him; we should be at home with him as he would with us were he here now. He has justly been called the philosopher of the industrial revolution. He looked into all fields of knowledge with a glance that penetrated the future. His influences on scientists of the 17th century, such as Hooke and Boyle, was crucial, and Boerhaave acknowledged a debt to him. He is still current coin.  Physicians, if they will cut away the specific nonsense, will find masterful abstractions in
Systematic Direct Angioplasty and Stent-Supported Direct Angioplasty Therapy for Cardiogenic Shock Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction: In-Hospital and Long-Term Survival
Authors: David Antoniucci, Renato Valenti, Giovanni M Santoro, Leonardo Bolognese, Maurizio Trapani, Guia Moschi, Pier F Fazzini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)