tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of myocardial changes between pressure induced hypertrophy and normal growth in the rat heart
Authors: A VAN DER LAARSE, H W VLIEGEN, K H VAN DER NAT, L HOLLAAR, J M EGAS, G P H SWIER, A J C M VAN DEN BROEK
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

To evaluate differences in tissue composition between hearts with pressure overload hypertrophy and normal hearts of comparable weight, 30 rat hearts with aortic constriction of 4, 10 and 30 days, and nine hearts of sham operated controls were studied. Surgery was performed at age 70 days. Morphometric analysis of myocardial tissue sections revealed (1) myocyte hypertrophy in left ventricular myocardium of hypertrophic hearts was proportional to heart weight, and in normal growth myocyte volume increased in proportion to heart weight; (2) myocyte number in left ventricular myocardium was identical in hypertrophic and normal hearts; (3) non-muscle cell proliferation was proportional to heart weight identically in hypertrophic and normal hearts; (4) volume fractions of myocytes were significantly lower in hypertrophic hearts [0.76(SD 0.05)] than in normal hearts [0.82(0.04)]; (5) volume fractions of all nuclei, myocyte nuclei and non-myocyte nuclei were similar in hypertrophic and normal hearts; (6) measured ventricular DNA content increased with heart weight identically in hypertrophic and normal hearts, and equalled DNA content calculated using the data on tissue composition. Neither right ventricular weight nor right ventricular DNA content were affected by the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy. We conclude that left ventricular hypertrophy due to aortic constriction in the rat resulted in changes of myocardial tissue composition similar to the changes associated with normal growth. Tissue composition of hypertrophic rat hearts corresponds strikingly to that of normal rat hearts with comparable heart weight, although myocardial changes in hypertrophy develop considerably faster than in normal growth.
COMPARISONS OF DILTIAZEM ALONE VERSUS DILTIAZEM WITH NITRATE TREATMENT ON 5-YEAR CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH SIGNIFICANT CORONARY ARTERY SPASM: A PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING STUDY
Authors: Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Se Yeon Choi, Shaopeng Xu, Harris Ngow Abdullah, Jae Joong Lee, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong-Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Cities and the Health of the Public
Authors: Russ Lopez
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Associations of blood lead, dimercaptosuccinic acid-chelatable lead, and tibia lead with polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor and [delta]-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase genes.
Authors: B S Schwartz, B K Lee, G S Lee, W F Stewart, D Simon, K Kelsey, A C Todd
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

A cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the influence of polymorphisms in the [delta]-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes on blood lead, tibia lead, and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)-chelatable lead levels in 798 lead workers and 135 controls without occupational lead exposure in the Republic of Korea. Tibia lead was assessed with a 30-min measurement by (109)Cd-induced K-shell X-ray fluorescence, and DMSA-chelatable lead was estimated as 4-hr urinary lead excretion after oral administration of 10 mg/kg DMSA. The primary goals of the analysis were to examine blood lead, tibia lead, and DMSA-chelatable lead levels by ALAD and VDR genotypes, controlling for covariates; and to evaluate whether ALAD and VDR genotype modified relations among the different lead biomarkers. There was a wide range of blood lead (4-86 microg/dL), tibia lead (-7-338 microg Pb/g bone mineral), and DMSA-chelatable lead (4.8-2,103 microg) levels among lead workers. Among lead workers, 9.9% (n = 79) were heterozygous for the ALAD(2) allele and there were no homozygotes. For VDR, 10.7% (n = 85) had the Bb genotype, and 0.5% (n = 4) had the BB genotype. Although the ALAD and VDR genes are located on different chromosomes, lead workers homozygous for the ALAD(1) allele were much less likely to have the VDR bb genotype (crude odds ratio = 0.29, 95% exact confidence interval = 0.06-0.91). In adjusted analyses, subjects with the ALAD(2) allele had higher blood lead levels (on average, 2.9 microg/dL, p = 0.07) but no difference in tibia lead levels compared with subjects without the allele. In adjusted analyses, lead workers with the VDR B allele had significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher blood lead levels (on average, 4.2 microg/dL), chelatable lead levels (on average, 37.3 microg), and tibia lead levels (on average, 6.4 microg/g) than did workers with the VDR bb genotype. The current data confirm past observations that the ALAD gene modifies the toxicokinetics of lead and also provides new evidence that the VDR gene does so as well.
The NIEHS Predictive-Toxicology Evaluation Project.
Authors: D W Bristol, J T Wachsman, A Greenwell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The Predictive-Toxicology Evaluation (PTE) project conducts collaborative experiments that subject the performance of predictive-toxicology (PT) methods to rigorous, objective evaluation in a uniquely informative manner. Sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, it takes advantage of the ongoing testing conducted by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) to estimate the true error of models that have been applied to make prospective predictions on previously untested, noncongeneric-chemical substances. The PTE project first identifies a group of standardized NTP chemical bioassays either scheduled to be conducted or are ongoing, but not yet complete. The project then announces and advertises the evaluation experiment, disseminates information about the chemical bioassays, and encourages researchers from a wide variety of disciplines to publish their predictions in peer-reviewed journals, using whatever approaches and methods they feel are best. A collection of such papers is published in this Environmental Health Perspectives Supplement, providing readers the opportunity to compare and contrast PT approaches and models, within the context of their prospective application to an actual-use situation. This introduction to this collection of papers on predictive toxicology summarizes the predictions made and the final results obtained for the 44 chemical carcinogenesis bioassays of the first PTE experiment (PTE-1) and presents information that identifies the 30 chemical carcinogenesis bioassays of PTE-2, along with a table of prediction sets that have been published to date. It also provides background about the origin and goals of the PTE project, outlines the special challenge associated with estimating the true error of models that aspire to predict open-system behavior, and summarizes what has been learned to date.
Effect of Ascending an Ordinary Flight of Stairs on the Work of the Heart
Authors: JAMES A. L. MATHERS, HAROLD I. GRIFFEATH, ROBERT L. LEVY, JOHN L. NICKERSON
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Observations of cardiac work were made in normal persons and in patients with coronary heart disease after ascending an ordinary staircase at various rates of speed. Cardiac output was calculated from records obtained with the low frequency, critically-damped ballistocardiograph. The results were compared, for statistical significance, with those noted following descent and after walking for an equivalent distance on the level. It appears that the compensated coronary patient can mount a flight of stairs leisurely without imposing a greatly increased burden of work on the heart. The optimal rate of ascent usually is the one chosen by the individual.
Use of human surfactant low molecular weight apoproteins in the reconstitution of surfactant biologic activity.
Authors: S D Revak, T A Merritt, E Degryse, L Stefani, M Courtney, M Hallman, C G Cochrane
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Two low molecular weight (LMW) apoproteins were isolated from human pulmonary surfactant. SDS polyacrylamide gel analysis showed one protein (SP 18) to have an apparent molecular weight of 18,000 when unreduced and 9,000 D after reduction. The second protein (SP 9) migrated at approximately 9,000 D in the presence or absence of reducing agents. Both proteins contain a high number of hydrophobic amino acids. The NH2-terminal sequence of SP 18 was determined to be: NH2-phe-pro-ile-pro-leu-pro-tyr-. A cDNA clone isolated from a human adult lung cDNA library contained a long open reading frame encoding at an internal position the human SP 18 amino-terminal sequence. Mixtures of phospholipids (PL) and SP 9 and SP 18 were assessed for their capacity to reduce surface tensions on a pulsating bubble surfactometer. The addition of 1% apoprotein resulted in a reduction of surface tension after 15 s from 42.9 dyn/cm for PL alone to 16.7 and 6.3 dyn/cm for preparations containing SP 9 and SP 18, respectively. In vivo assessment of reconstituted surfactant activity was performed in fetal rabbits. Reconstituted surfactant consisting of PL + 0.5% SP 18 instilled intratracheally at delivery resulted in a marked increase in lung compliance, while the incorporation of 0.5% SP 9 yielded a moderate increase. These data show the ability to produce biologically active surfactant by the addition of isolated LMW apoproteins to defined PL.
Spleen Scanning and Function Studies with HG-197 Mercurihydroxypropane (MHP).
Authors: Donald R. Korst
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Spleen Scanning and Function Studies with HG-197 Mercurihydroxypropane (MHP).Donald R. Korst, M.D., F.A.C.P., John C. Nixon, M.D., Delbert E. Boblitt, M.D.Donald R. Korst, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, John C. Nixon, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Delbert E. Boblitt, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1094_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA new radiopharmaceutical MHP (Merprane®) binds tightly to erythrocytes resulting in splenic sequestration and subsequent scintillation scanning. Studies in 50 subjects in this report suggests a measure of the sequestration function of the spleen.Erythrocyte damage by MHP is induced by a concentration of 1.5 mg/ml of blood at a 50% hematocrit reading for 15 to 30 minutes at room temperature results in agglutination in vitro. Whole blood is drawn into a syringe with 50 µc of MHP, heparin, and carrier nonradioactive MHP to a volume of 5 to 10 ml and incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. After... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ann Arbor, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1094-1095KeywordsAttentionBloodBlood volumeHematocritHeparinSpleenTemperature ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Counselling patients before an HIV test
Authors: M. Reynolds
Journal: BMJ (1991)

took a study of 2600 seafarers working with Belgian shipping companies.Of 336 screening tests, 15 (4-5%) yielded a positive result.This is extremely high, the average prevalence of HIV infection among Belgians being 0062%.3Thus, like prisoners, seafarers require management, treatment, education, and information is tailored to their circumstances.They need to be targeted as they pose complex logistical problems with regard to decreasing their risk.
Reply by Dr. David M. Eddy: Malignant Melanoma
Authors: D. M. Eddy
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1986)

Dr. Lichtenstein raises some interesting points concerning the appropriateness of a visual examination of the skin to screen for skin cancer.He points out that the Ameri can Cancer Society recommends skin ex aminations every three years from age 20 to40, and everyyearthereafter, aspartof
Sexual Differentiation and Testosterone Production
Authors: Susumu Ohno
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Since the number of genes characterizing mammalian species is approximately 50 to 100 X 103, it would be reasonable to assume that mammalian sex determination and differentiation involve either directly or indirectly thousands of genes. Yet these numerous genes cannot be left alone to go their separate ways. They should be controlled by a series of genetic regulatory systems that constitute an orderly hierarchy. This orderliness, I believe, is the hallmark of higher organisms.Viewed in this light from the top of a hierarchy, the genetic basis of the mammalian sex-determining mechanism, in which the Y chromosome plays the . . .
Physicians Warned of High-Dose Cytarabine
Authors: F. X. Mahaney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Physicians Warned of High-Dose Cytarabine Get access Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 4, 21 February 1990, Pages 259–261, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.4.259 Published: 21 February 1990
A PATHOLOGIC STUDY OF EIGHTY TUMORS OF THE MAMMARY GLAND, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE OCCURRENCE OF MALIGNANCY.
Authors: FRITZ CARLETON HYDE
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The frequent occurrence of tumors in the mammary gland, the question of their benignancy or malignancy, and the evils which so commonly arise from the waiting policy in these cases, make requisite a knowledge of the microscopic anatomy, manner and possibilities of growth of these tumors, if a rational treatment is to be carried out. There has long been a general classification of tumors in all parts of the body as benignant and malignant. Whether such a classification is possible in neoplasms of the mammary gland is doubtful, and with this doubt I present a microscopic analysis of eighty tumors of the breast. These tumors are largely from Dr. Nancrede's clinic at the University Hospital, during the years 1892 to 1899. A few were sent to this laboratory, by physicians about the state, for diagnosis. The cases may be classified according to their histologic structure. Fifty-six of the number warrant
Coeliac disease and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: A. L. Parke, E. A. Fagan, V. S. Chadwick, G. R. V. Hughes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

Three cases are reported of adult coeliac disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis.Coeliac disease is associated with many disorders, such as dermatitis herpetiformis,' 2 hyposplenism,3 and many autoimmune diseases.5Lancaster-Smith et al.6 found that 19% of their patients with coeliac disease gave a history of an associated autoimmune disorder, but only one of their patients studied had rheumatoid arthritis.We have recently had the opportunity of studying 3 patients with adult coeliac disease and rheumatoid arthritis.Two of these patients also had dermatitis herpetiformis, and one in addition had cutaneous vasculitis with biopsy-proved Sjogren's syndrome. Case histories CASE 1Mrs A, aged 35, has suffered constant ill health for most of her life.She was weaned at the age of 5 months, then failed to thrive, with persistent diar- rhoea and vomiting.Throughout her childhood she developed numerous episodes of pneumonia, and at the age of 4 she developed asthma.This was associ- ated with the development of a rash, which was described as being vesicular, and disappeared some time during childhood.At the age of 16 she developed arthritis.This became an erosive, symmetrical polyarthritis, involving large and small joints.She also developed nodules, and later cutaneous vas- culitis.She was found to have a positive rheumatoid factor of 1:320 and a weakly positive antinuclear antibody; DNA binding was normal, and she was diagnosed as having rheumatoid arthritis.Throughout the next 10 years the arthritis continued, poorly modified by gold, penicillamine, and even low-dose prednisone.At the age of 26 she became unwell with an obvious anaemia, vesicular rash, and a malabsorption syndrome.Investigations revealed a low serum
Judge rules against surgeon who sued colleague and his trust over emails
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A surgeon who sued a colleague and his employers for libel over emails that alleged that he was angry at losing the chance of overtime pay rather than concerned about compromises to patients’ safety has lost his case at the High Court in London.

Milton Pena, a consultant orthopaedic surgeon, sued the consultant obstetrician Lenzi Hanna and Tameside Hospital NHS Foundation Trust over emails that Dr Hanna sent to members of the senior medical staff committee at Tameside General Hospital in Greater Manchester. But Mr Justice Eady gave a summary judgment (judgment without a trial) in favour of Dr Hanna and the trust, ruling that they had valid defences to the claim.

Mr Pena, chairman of …
IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES WITH A STRAIN OF LEPTOSPIRA ISOLATED FROM A CASE OF YELLOW FEVER IN MERIDA, YUCATAN
Authors: Hideyo Noguchi, I. J. Kligler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1920)

Identification of the leptospira isolated from a case of yellow fever in Merida was accomplished by means of an anti-icteroides immune serum prepared in a horse with several Guayaquil strains of Leptospira icteroides. The immune serum showed a protective action of high titer against the Merida strain, thus establishing its efficacy as a therapeutic agent against this strain. Polyvalent anti-icteroides immune serum prepared in the horse or monovalent anti-icteroides immune serums prepared in the rabbit had a definite devitalizing action upon the Merida strain, while immune serums similarly prepared with strains of icterohoemorrhagioe had no perceptible effect upon the Merida strain. Serums from yellow fever convalescents in Merida gave a positive Pfeiffer reaction with the Merida strain of Leptospira icteroides. The reactions between the Guayaquil strains (Nos. 1 and 5) and two of these serums from convalescents varied from definitely positive to doubtful, owing probably to the diminution of active immune principles in the serums during the prolonged and unfavorable conditions of their transportation.
Pacemakers in Infarction With Complete AV Block
Authors: X. S. Dalle
Journal: JAMA (1966)

To the Editor:—  New methods generate controversies which are necessary to the development and improvement of the technique and the definition of its applications. Jensen et al ( 195 :916, 1966) report that completely implantable pacemaker units for the management of heart block will circumvent the 25% to 33% risk of infection which occurs when a transvenous catheter is employed in conjunction with an external pacemaker. The use of a completely implantable pacemaker unit would indeed significantly reduce the risk of infection. We also agree that once a surgeon and the instrument are available, effective pacing can be achieved almost as fast with a totally implantable unit as with transvenous pacing with an external power supply. We feel, however, that these two advantages are insignificant in view of the following considerations.   When atrioventricular (AV) block is first identified, it is frequently impossible to evaluate its cause (or causes) and to
Government must do more to de-politicise science, says US group
Authors: R. McKie
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Corporations and companies in the United States are continuing to distort and falsify the views of scientists and doctors by manipulating and suppressing scientific data, says a report from an independent scientific research group.

“People may believe that political interference in science went extinct when George W Bush left office, but the reality is that the pressure to politicise science is still with us,” said Francesca Grifo, director of the Scientific Integrity Program at the Union of Concerned Scientists, which produced the report. The union is a not for profit organisation that describes itself as working for a healthy environment and a safer world. 

The report, which was published at the American Association …
Firstly, improve availability of endoscopy
Authors: M. A Butt, U. A Mohammed, A. B Ballinger
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The SIGN guidelines summarised by Palmer and Nairn recommend that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) should not be used before endoscopic therapy and that early endoscopic examination be performed within 24 hours of admission, where possible.1

A randomised controlled trial cited in the SIGN guidelines found …
Autologous Blood Donation — Can We Bank on It?
Authors: Cynthia J. Rutherford, Harold S. Kaplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Dread of contracting AIDS from blood transfusion has driven the dramatic expansion in autologous blood donation programs that began in the mid-1980s. At that time, the blood-banking community, sharing the public's concern about AIDS and anxious about legal liability, eagerly endorsed autologous blood donation. The practice was also seen as a way to reduce the transmission of hepatitis, which by then had been recognized as a much more frequent complication of transfusion than was previously thought.Much has changed since that time. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody testing was incorporated into donor screening 10 years ago, together with the imposition . . .
The Tourniquet Test in Identifying Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Aazy A. Aaby
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of new blindness among adults aged 20 to 65 years. The sooner the proliferative changes of diabetic retinopathy are seen, the greater is the chance of saving useful vision through the use of laser photocoagulation, a fact well demonstrated in the National Diabetic Retinopathy Study.<sup>1</sup>We were appalled by the inability of physicians treating diabetics to diagnose proliferative diabetic retinopathy, as reported by Sussman et al (1982;247:3231). We fully agree with their conclusion that "ophthalmologic opinions should be obtained or eye examination skills should be improved." In light of this, we were surprised that Dr Reynolds would recommend that the primary care physician should, in addition to a funduscopic examination, perform an annual tourniquet test as a means of identifying diabetic retinopathy—an abnormal test result suggesting the need for ophthalmic consultation (1983; 249:1267). The tourniquet test has historically been described