tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Physiological and Radiological Screening for Lung Volume Reduction Surgery
Authors: EDWARD P. INGENITO, STEPHEN H. LORING, MARILYN L. MOY, STEVEN J. MENTZER, SCOTT J. SWANSON, ANDETTA HUNSAKER, CHARLOTTE C. McKEE, JOHN J. REILLY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Physiological and radiological criteria are both used to identify candidates for LVRS. This study compares the predictive value of these screening techniques among patients with homogeneous (Ho) and heterogeneous (He) emphysema. Preoperative inspiratory lung conductance (G Li) during spontaneous breathing and quantitative radioisotope V˙/Q˙ scan (QVQS) results were available for 48 of 50 patients undergoing bilateral LVRS for emphysema. Ho disease (n = 21) was defined by QVQS as an upper/lower perfusion ratio (ULPR) between 0.75 and1.25. G Li correlated with 6-mo improvement in FEV1 ( Δ FEV1-6) (r = 0.53, p < 0.001) for the entire cohort, and for patients with both Ho (n = 21, r = 0.56, p = 0.015) and He disease (n = 27, r = 0.46, p = 0.017). ULPR correlated less well with Δ FEV1-6 (n = 48, r = − 0.38; p = 0.008) for the cohort, and was significantly correlated with outcomes only in the subgroup of patients with He disease (r = − 0.40, p = 0.04). Multivariate regression demonstrated that by combining G Li and ULPR criteria, 33% of the Δ FEV1-6 response could be accounted for. We conclude that both physiological and radiological criteria help identify appropriate candidates for LVRS. G Li best identifies patients with Ho emphysema who may benefit from surgery, but would be excluded on the basis of strictly radiological criteria. ULPR helps identify patients with He disease that improves with surgery, despite unfavorable G Li.
Glucocorticoid receptor down-Regulates c-jun amino terminal kinases induced by tumor necrosis factor ? in fetal rat hepatocyte primary cultures
Authors: Juan-José Ventura, César Roncero, Isabel Fabregat, Manuel Benito
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

The effect of dexamethasone on Jun N–terminal kinase (JNK) activity was assayed by using fetal hepatocytes in primary culture. The addition of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF–α) caused an increase in JNK in a dose– and time–dependent manner. We show that activation of JNK by this extracellular signal is inhibited by dexamethasone in a dose–dependent fashion. This inhibitory effect was observed in cells treated for 10 minutes with dexamethasone in the presence of protein phosphatase inhibitors such as orthovanadate or okadaic acid, or in cells previously treated with actinomycin D. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can be precipitated with the fusion protein, GST-c–Jun (1–79), bound to agarose beads. However, the inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on JNK activity was also observed using ATF–2 as substrate. In addition, dexamethasone inhibits JNK phosphorylation induced by TNF–α. Finally, we show that GR can also be phosphorylated in tyrosine residues in response to TNF–α and epidermal growth factor (EGF) upon ligand–binding. Our results suggest that the anti–inflammatory effect of glucocorticoids on the inflammatory pathways induced by TNF–α can be explained, at least in part, by modulating JNK activity through a direct protein–protein interaction; the JNK phosphorylation and tyrosine–phosphorylation state of GR may be regulatory steps also involved in that effect.
COCCIDIOSIS IN YOUNG CALVES
Authors: Theobald Smith, H. W. Graybill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1918)

Discharges of blood per rectum, associated with oocysts of coccidia, were observed occurring in young calves during the warmer season of the year. In a small percentage of the cases death was probably due directly to the coccidiosis. Although the disease, known as red dysentery in Switzerland, may have existed in this country for some time, there seems to have been no knowledge of its existence and no reports of it have thus far been published. The coccidia have been artificially cultivated and shown to produce four spores. Two oocysts of quite different dimensions and having minor differential characters were encountered in the same animal in several instances. The invasion of the epithelium of the small intestine was slight. The chief seat of the parasitism was the large intestine. The lesions following the loss of epithelium were superficial hemorrhages and filling up of the denuded tubules with polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Ultrasonic angioplasty in totally occluded peripheral arteries. Initial clinical, histological, and angiographic results.
Authors: U Rosenschein, L A Rozenszajn, L Kraus, C C Marboe, J F Watkins, E A Rose, D David, P J Cannon, J S Weinstein
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Ultrasonic angioplasty was recently shown to ablate thrombi and atherosclerotic plaques in vitro and to recanalize occluded arteries in experimental animal models. The goal of the present study was to examine the clinical feasibility of ultrasonic angioplasty.Intraoperative ultrasonic angioplasty was performed in vivo on totally occluded peripheral arteries (n = 7). The ultrasonic angioplasty device consists of a 1.6-mm diameter flexible wire attached to a piezoelectric crystal generating ultrasound at 20 kHz. The controls, totally occluded human atherosclerotic femoral arterial segments (n = 6), were crossed mechanically with the ultrasound wire ex vivo but without application of ultrasonic energy. Ultrasonic angioplasty achieved successful recanalization without perforation in all vessels. Angiograms of the treated arteries showed an average lumen patency of 82.5%. Histological examination of the recanalized arteries revealed that the recanalization had taken place through intima diffusely involved with complicated plaque. The treated arteries, compared with the controls, had greater area of recanalized lumen (5.9 +/- 1.8 versus 1.7 +/- 0.4 mm2, p less than 0.05) and more flow (49.3 +/- 16.0 versus 11.8 +/- 4.9 ml/min, p less than 0.03). The damage in treated and control arteries was similar. Size-distribution analysis of the plaque debris from the treated arteries showed that 41 +/- 5% of the debris was 0.2-8 microns, 48 +/- 8% was 8-30 microns, and the remainder was 30-100 microns. In the mechanically crossed arteries, there was a shift in the distribution to larger size debris with 47 +/- 1% greater than 100 microns (p less than 0.001).Ultrasonic angioplasty may be a useful clinical method for recanalization of total occlusions in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Ultrasonic energy appears to cause controlled injury to the atherosclerotic intima by selectively disrupting the ultrasound-sensitive occlusion.
The effects of co-delivery of BMSC-affinity peptide and rhTGF-β1 from coaxial electrospun scaffolds on chondrogenic differentiation
Authors: Zhentao Man, Ling Yin, Zhenxing Shao, Xin Zhang, Xiaoqing Hu, Jingxian Zhu, Linghui Dai, Hongjie Huang, Lan Yuan, Chunyan Zhou, Haifeng Chen, Yingfang Ao
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Abstract 2042: TOB1 promotes cell survival in estrogen-independent estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
Authors: Yong-Wei Zhang, Rochelle Nasto, Robert Clarke, Louis M. Weiner
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Antiestrogens are the most widely administered endocrine agents for the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-expressing breast cancers, such as tamoxifen, fulvestrant and aromatase inhibitor. However, most initially responsive breast tumors acquire resistance and become estrogen-independent. To find potential therapeutic target(s) against drug resistance, we performed siRNA library screening studies to identify cell survival determinants in estrogen independent cell lines from 631 ER network related genes. LCC1 and LCC9 cells, derivatives of MCF-7, are estrogen-independent. LCC1 cells are sensitive to fulvestrant and tamoxifen. LCC9 cells are resistant to fulvestrant and cross-resistant to tamoxifen. A number of genes selectively support the survival of estrogen-independent tumor cells, including TOB1 (Transducer of ErbB2). TOB1 gene knockdown significantly inhibited (&amp;gt;50%) estrogen-independent cell growth in LCC1 and LCC9 cells, but had much less effect on the survival of MCF-7 cells (10%). These cell lines have similar levels of Tob1 protein. TOB1 knockdown did not cause apoptosis or autophagy. DNA replication was reduced and G1 to S phase transition was blocked by TOB1 knockdown in the estrogen-independent cell lines. Next, we studied cell-signaling pathways that regulate cell cycle transition. Cyclin D1 was upregulated and activated by TOB1 knockdown in estrogen-independent cells, but not in MCF-7 cells. Therefore, cyclin D1 might be involved in G1/S transition blockage induced by Tob1 inhibition. TOB1 knockdown also activated cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) and induced DNA damage. Our data demonstrated that Tob1 promotes cell survival after ER+ breast cancer cells acquire estrogen-independence, which might be mediated by cyclin D1. Citation Format: Yong-Wei Zhang, Rochelle Nasto, Robert Clarke, Louis M. Weiner. TOB1 promotes cell survival in estrogen-independent estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2042. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2042
Alpha cells secrete acetylcholine as a non-neuronal paracrine signal priming beta cell function in humans
Authors: Rayner Rodriguez-Diaz, Robin Dando, M. Caroline Jacques-Silva, Alberto Fachado, Judith Molina, Midhat H. Abdulreda, Camillo Ricordi, Stephen D. Roper, Per Olof Berggren, Alejandro Caicedo
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
Hospice Care in America
Authors: Jill Rhymes
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Hospice care, an appropriate way of caring for many terminally ill patients, now is reimbursed by Medicare and other insurance systems. However, access to hospice care is limited by unavailability, ignorance, Medicare regulations, and internally imposed restrictions. Reasons for the barriers to hospice care and other appropriate terminal care are discussed, together with potential actions that might improve care for dying patients.The medical director of a hospice reviews the state of hospice care in the United States. Rhymes outlines the history and philosophy of the modern hospice movement and summarizes the findings of recent studies comparing the efficacy and costs of hospice care with those of conventional care of the dying. She identifies and discusses barriers to hospice care, which currently is available only to a small proportion of terminally ill patients in the United States. Rhymes concludes with suggestions of changes that could renew and expand the role of hospices and lead to more humane care for the dying.
Physicians Helping the Underserved
Authors: H. Denman Scott, Johanna Bell, Stephanie Geller, Melinda Thomas
Journal: JAMA (2000)

In the current health care environment of competition and market forces, concern has arisen that the classic principle of serving disadvantaged persons may not be fulfilled due to pressures from managed care. Reach Out, a $12 million national program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, was developed to recruit leaders from among practicing physicians to organize projects to care for the uninsured and underserved. Physician volunteerism was a key component of all projects.Thirty-nine Reach Out projects were implemented and carried out across the United States, with average funding per project of $300,000 distributed over a period of 4 years. Seven model types emerged, the most common of which, the free clinic and the referral network, accounted for two thirds of the total. At the program's conclusion, 199,584 patients were enrolled and 11,252 physicians recruited. Project execution was more complex than initially supposed, and major progress commonly was not evident until the third or fourth year, but at least two thirds of the projects are likely to continue with local support.With strong physician leadership and a funded administrative core, organized community efforts can develop and sustain an effective program. Programs such as Reach Out cannot solve the national problem of access to health care, but they can make a small but important impact on the number of uninsured and underserved persons without access to health care.
LONG-TERM PATENCY OF CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS VEIN GRAFTS HARVESTED ENDOSCOPICALLY: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Marco Zenati, Kousick Biswas, Annie Laurie Shroyer, Jacquelyn Quin, Miguel Haime, J. Michael Gaziano, Kristin Taylor, Deepak Bhatt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
PRELIMINARY ANNOUNCEMENT OF A NEW INSTRUMENT TO BE USED IN PHOTOTHERAPY.
Authors: J. W. KIME
Journal: JAMA (1905)

During the past six years in which I have made use of light in the treatment of tuberculosis in its various forms I have constantly felt the need of a much more intense light than any that has yet been produced. I believe that it is impossible to obtain a light from any source, except the sun, that is sufficiently powerful to accomplish what we desire in this direction. The electric arc light is exceedingly limited, but, with the sun as our source of supply, the amount of light is unlimited, and that which we may utilize depends wholly on the size and construction of the apparatus used to gather up the light. The illustration shows the mirror which I now use and the relative proportion of one now nearing completion. The smaller is three feet in diameter and contains an area of seven square feet, while the larger has a diameter of ten feet and contains an area of seventy-eight square feet.
Risk of Blood Clots Higher for Oral Contraceptives With Certain Progestins
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE SUPPLY OF PHYSICIANS
Authors: Sarah M. Hobson
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The editorial inThe Journal, September 27, is worthy of consideration. There is an unquestioned shortage of adequately trained physicians in the rural districts. Every physician knows why. The laity, save for a thoughtful and discriminating minority, does not recognize either the financial problem or the professional comradeship aspect. But it is the laity who, seeing the need, is quick to join any widespread movement that promises improvement. This is the "mass action" of the public. Neither deans nor councils nor state boards unaided can remedy the situation. Any attempt at a solution must recognize the gregarious instinct, the desire to achieve professional success and the ambition to provide generously for a family. These all are reasonable conditions. There is an experiment in process which may promise some degree of success. Almost every physician knows now and then a young man or woman giving promise of ability
CLINICAL HISTORY OF THE CASE OF PRESIDENT JAMES ABRAM GARFIELD.
Authors: ROBERT REYBURN
Journal: JAMA (1894)

(Concluded from page 624). September 17, 8:30A.M.Temperature 99.8; pulse 108; respirations 21. September 17, 12M.Temperature 102.2; pulse 120; respirations 24. September 17, 5:30P.M.Temperature 98; pulse 102; respirations 24. Up to midnight last night the condition of the President had not improved. At 11P.M.his pulse was 130 per minute, and it varied from 116 to 130 during the night. At about 3A.M.he fell asleep and slept until 6A.M.When he awoke his pulse had receded to 106, and his temperature to 98 (F). His temperature during the night did not vary much from the normal point. He slept fairly well in the night taking nourishment at proper intervals. At 11:30A.M.he had a severe chill lasting about half an hour, and his pulse ran up to 137, followed by perspiration. After 12M.the temperature gradually fell with diminished
LIBRARIES FOR THE PATIENTS IN HOSPITALS FOR THE INSANE
Authors: EDITH KATHLEEN JONES
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1911)

Some sort of medical library in the modern hospital for the insane is an understood thing and must be carried on along fairly conventional lines, but the organized central library for the use of the patients is a comparatively new idea and presents several problems peculiar to itself.In order to find out how the various hospitals are meeting these problems and how far the organized library is superseding the old plan of bookcases on the wards, a circular letter was sent from Mc-Lean Hospital to 120 of the largest and most representative institutions of the kind in this country and in Canada.Answers were received from 95; adding for statistical purposes McLean itself, we have a basis of 96 hospitals and asylums from which to draw our conclusions.Of these 96, there are only 15 which have no
Regional myocardial blood flow and cardiac function in a naturally occurring congestive cardiomyopathy of turkeys
Authors: S. EINZIG, N. A STALEY, E. METTLER, D. M NICOLOFF, G. R NOREN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1980)

Journal Article Regional myocardial blood flow and cardiac function in a naturally occurring congestive cardiomyopathy of turkeys Get access STANLEY EINZIG, STANLEY EINZIG From the Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, the Hennepin County Medical Center, and the Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar NANCY A STALEY, NANCY A STALEY From the Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, the Hennepin County Medical Center, and the Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar EGON METTLER, EGON METTLER From the Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, the Hennepin County Medical Center, and the Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DEMETRE M NICOLOFF, DEMETRE M NICOLOFF From the Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, the Hennepin County Medical Center, and the Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GEORGE R NOREN GEORGE R NOREN From the Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, the Hennepin County Medical Center, and the Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 14, Issue 7, July 1980, Pages 396–407, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/14.7.396 Published: 01 July 1980
Percutaneous Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Experience of a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Hasan Kaya, Faruk Ertaş, Nihat Polat, Abdulkadir Yıldız, Mehmet Ata Akıl, Mehmet Serdar Soydinç, Sait Alan, Mehmet Sıddık Ülgen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Aristolochic acid nephropathy
Authors: M. R. Gokmen, G. M. Lord
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A disease that could be prevented through more careful regulation of herbal products 

More than 20 years ago a Belgian report described nine women with rapidly progressive fibrosing interstitial nephritis who either required dialysis or showed progressive renal impairment.1 All of the women had taken a slimming regimen that included herbs of the Aristolochia family, which have been known to be nephrotoxic and carcinogenic since the 1980s. Within five years, this group of nephrologists identified more than 100 patients with aristolochic acid nephropathy, almost half of whom were later found also to have tumours of the upper urinary tract.2 Case reports and series from around the world followed.3 Aristolochic acid was classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and regulatory authorities in Europe, North America, and several other regions issued alerts or instituted import bans. However, these regulatory measures have been wholly inadequate at eliminating this preventable disease, with a recent report describing 300 cases of aristolochic acid nephropathy from a single centre in Beijing.4

Herbs that contain aristolochic acid are often found in traditional Chinese preparations, particularly—although not exclusively—in those with fang ji …
Barbiturate Antagonists to Shorten Drowsiness after Sedated B.M.R. Determinations
Authors: H. K. Ibbertson, G. F. Joplin, R. Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1957)

A study is described of the part played by the umbi- lical cord of the newborn infant as a source of infection in a maternity hospital.The cords of one group of babies were treated with triple dye.Nasal and skin swabs were compared with those of an untreated group in another unit and counts made of Staph.aureus colonies on settling-plates put down in the two nurseries.After a fortnight, treatment was introduced into the unit which had previously acted as a control, and similar investigations were carried out.There was a significant difference between the treated and untreated groups in respect of both the nasal and skin swabs and the numbers of Staph.aureus colonies isolated from settling plates.In a second investigation, treated and untreated babies were kept together in the same nursery.Skin swabs again showed a significant difference, but the nasal infection rates were the same in both groups.The practical value of these findings is discussed in relation to the prevention of cross-infection among new- born infants.
The Flexner Report of 1910— A Scholarly Accomplishment
Authors: Robert A. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent attack on the Flexner Report of 1910 criticizes many things, including Flexner's eliteness and the actual accomplishments long attributed to Abraham Flexner and his most famous manuscript.<sup>1</sup>It may be true, as King maintains, that the Flexner Report of 1910 did not result in fundamental changes in American medicine but rather only delineated conditions that were also observed by others before him and that were, in fact, being rectified at the time. Nevertheless, his assault on Flexner and his contributions is a bit overzealous. Much of Flexner's work, as he himself noted, was done by him as a nonphysician educator who relied on analysis of a given medical school's educational environment rather than its statistics.<sup>2,3</sup>Flexner would evaluate an institution to see how the dynamics of the educational process were achieved; King would prefer that he look at how many anatomy professors were