tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnosing the undiagnosed with diabetes
Authors: P D Home
Journal: BMJ (1994)

self sufficiency in blood and blood products in accordance with the principle ofvoluntary, unpaid donation.It supported the proposal to collect and coordinate epidemiological data.Unfortunately, there was no progress on the proposed ban on tobacco advertising, which certain member states (including Britain) continue to block.8Altogether, a great deal is promised.The European Union has legal powers and a substantial budget.If the will is there it could become a major force for the improvement of health, especially if it maintains a sharp focus.The most promising topics are the generation of high quality, comparable health data; action on health problems that cross international boundaries; exchange of good practice; the promotion of study of the effectiveness of interventions; epidemiological studies, especially on conditions affecting morbidity more than mortality; and, above all, the incorporation of health protection into other aspects ofunion policy.4 5Many of these topics have been touched on in previous articles in the journal.
Pulmonary Impairment and Disability Claims
Authors: Inga Lindgren
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This is a pilot study of 100 persons claiming total and permanent disability because of pulmonary disease or dyspnea. The group was compared to 100 patients without disability claims who had similar age and sex distribution and virtually identical lung-function profiles. Among these, only 12 were totally disabled. One half of the claimants were unskilled laborers, as opposed to 12% of the controls. Among the claimants, 46% had no discernible pulmonary impairment. Their main problems were inactive tuberculosis, insignificant heart disease, psychiatric problems, obesity, and alcoholism. Chronic obstructive airway disease accounted for 21 of the 25 cases of severe impairment. Claimants showed more variability and poorer performance with the maximal breathing capacity test than with single breath tests. They complained of more severe dyspnea for a given pulmonary reserve than the controls. The clinical and socioeconomic differences between the claimants and the control group are stressed.
Effects of &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;-Cycloserine Administration on Weekly Nonemotional Memory Tasks in Healthy Participants
Authors: Michael W. Otto, Shawnee L. Basden, R. Kathryn McHugh, Kathleen M. Kantak, Thilo Deckersbach, Corinne Cather, Donald C. Goff, Stefan G. Hofmann, Angela C. Berry, Jasper A.J. Smits
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

The application of weekly doses of D-cycloserine (DCS) to the enhancement of exposure-based treatments has been a particular achievement of translational research. It is not known, however, whether this enhancement effect can be extended to other forms of learning. In this study, we investigated the relative benefit of DCS versus placebo for enhancing nonemotional verbal and nonverbal memory across weekly trials.We randomized healthy participants to weekly doses of 50 mg DCS or placebo, with 33 participants completing a 5-week protocol. Participants completed baseline neuropsychological evaluation and then 4 subsequent weeks of repeated learning tasks.No improvement was found in immediate or delayed memory following single doses of DCS for the memory tasks repeated on a weekly basis. Trends for an advantage of DCS were evident for novel word lists given each week.The learning tasks in our study were particularly distinct from the extinction learning paradigms that have shown strong DCS effects, and we were unable to demonstrate useful DCS effects with these nonemotional stimuli. Additional research is needed to elucidate the bounds of DCS augmentation effects on therapeutic learning.
A factor X-activating cysteine protease from malignant tissue.
Authors: S G Gordon, B A Cross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

A proteolytic procoagulant has been identified in extracts of human and animal tumors and in cultured malignant cells. It directly activated Factor X but its similarity to other Factor S-activating serine proteases was not clear. This study describes work done to determine whether this enzyme, cancer procoagulant, is a serine or cysteine protease. Purified cancer procoagulant from rabbit V2 carcinoma was bound to a p-chloromercurialbenzoate-agarose affinity column and was eluted with dithiothreitol. The initiation of recalcified, citrated plasma coagulation activity by cancer procoagulant was inhibited by 5 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride, 0.1 mM HgCl2, and 1 mM iodoacetamide. Activity was restored in the diisopropylfluorophosphate-, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride-, and HgCl2-inhibited samples by 5 mM dithiothreitol; iodoacetamide inhibition was irreversible. Russell's viper venom, a control Factor X-activating serine protease, was not inhibited by either 0.1 mM HgCl2 or 1 mM iodoacetamide. The direct activation of Factor X by cancer procoagulant in a two-stage assay was inhibited by diisopropylfluorophosphate and iodoacetamide. Diisopropylfluorophosphate inhibits serine proteases, and an undefined impurity in most commercial preparations inhibits cysteine proteases. Hydrolysis of diisopropylfluorophosphate with CuSO4 and imidazole virtually eliminated inhibition of thrombin, but cancer procoagulant inhibition remained complete, suggesting that cancer procoagulant was inhibited by the undefined impurity. These results suggest that cancer procoagulant is a cysteine endopeptidase, which distinguishes it from other coagulation factors including tissue factor. This and other data suggest that neoplastic cells produce this unique cysteine protease which may initiate blood coagulation.
Amniotic cell culture.
Authors: A D Hoyes
Journal: BMJ (1971)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Based on the hypothesis that variation of the metabolomes of latex is a response to selective pressure and should thus be affected differently from other organs, their variation could provide insight into the defensive chemical selection of plants. Metabolic profiling was utilized to compare tissues of <i>Euphorbia</i> species collected in various regions. The metabolic variation of latexes was much more limited than that of other organs. In all of the species, the levels of polyisoprenes and terpenoids were found to be much higher in latexes than in leaves and roots. Polyisoprenes were also observed to physically delay the contact and growth of pathogens with plant tissues. A secondary barrier composed of terpenes and, in particular, 24-methylenecycloartanol, exhibited antifungal activity. These results, together with the known roles of the enzymes also present in latexes, demonstrate that they are part of a cooperative defense system that comprises both biochemical and physical elements.
LOCALIZED UNILATERAL HYPERHIDROSIS—A CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDY
Authors: W. J. CUNLIFFE, C. E. JOHNSON, D. M. WILLIAMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article LOCALIZED UNILATERAL HYPERHIDROSIS—A CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDY Get access W. J. CUNLIFFE, W. J. CUNLIFFE Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds and Pontefract General Infirmary and University Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne (Mr Johnson) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. E. JOHNSON, C. E. JOHNSON Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds and Pontefract General Infirmary and University Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne (Mr Johnson) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. M. WILLIAMSON D. M. WILLIAMSON Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds and Pontefract General Infirmary and University Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne (Mr Johnson) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 4, 1 April 1972, Page 374, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb05050.x Published: 01 April 1972 Article history Accepted: 24 November 1971 Published: 01 April 1972
Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with advanced hepatitis C: Results from the HALT-C Trial
Authors: Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Richard K. Sterling, Raymond T. Chung, James E. Everhart, Jules L. Dienstag, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Elizabeth C. Wright, Gregory T. Everson, Karen L. Lindsay, Anna S.F. Lok, William M. Lee, Timothy R. Morgan, Marc G. Ghany, David R. Gretch, None the HALT-C Trial Group
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
P219Plasma oxidized low density lipoprotein, CD40 and p-selectin levels: relationship to diseases with and without atrial fibrillation:
Authors: N Idriss, M Gaber, D Sayed, H Hassen, Y Kishk
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Mitral valve disease (MVD) is a leading cause of atrial fibrillation (AF) and carries a risk of stroke. In the absence of valve disease, AF is linked to a hypercoagulable state with abnormalities such as platelet activation (soluble P-selectin (sPsel), and soluble CD40). An additional pathophysiological process is oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (oxLDL). However, data on hypercoagulability in AF on a background of valve disease is scarce. We therefore hypothesised altered sPsel, sCD40 and oxLDL in mitral valve disease with further abnormalities in the presence of AF.
Prevalence of Inflammation and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia on Autopsy in Asian and Caucasian Men
Authors: Alexandre R Zlotta, Shin Egawa, Dmitry Pushkar, Alexander Govorov, Takahiro Kimura, Masahito Kido, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Cynthia Kuk, Marta Kovylina, Najla Aldaoud, Neil Fleshner, Antonio Finelli, Laurence Klotz, Gina Lockwood, Jenna Sykes, Theodorus van der Kwast
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Persistent Aberrations in Circulating DNA Integrity after Radiotherapy Are Associated with Poor Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients
Authors: K.C. Allen Chan, Sing-Fai Leung, Sze-Wan Yeung, Anthony T.C. Chan, Y.M. Dennis Lo
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Aberrations of circulating nucleic acid integrity have been observed in cancer patients. However, the clinical significance of such changes has not been completely elucidated. In this study, we investigated the plasma DNA integrity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and its association with patients' survival after radiotherapy. Experimental Design: Plasma DNA integrity was analyzed for 105 NPC patients before and after curative-intent radiotherapy and for 40 healthy controls. The plasma DNA concentration of each sample was measured by two real-time PCRs targeting the leptin gene. The amplicon sizes of the two assays were 105 and 201 bp. The integrity index was calculated as the ratio of the two concentrations (201 bp/105 bp). More intact circulating DNA would give a higher integrity index. Results: The plasma DNA integrity index of the NPC patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy controls (median, 0.356 versus 0.238; P &amp;lt; 0.001). After radiotherapy, a reduction in plasma DNA integrity index was observed in 70% NPC patients. Patients with persistent aberrations of plasma DNA integrity had significantly poorer survival probability than those with reduced DNA integrity after treatment (P &amp;lt; 0.001, Kaplan-Meier). Conclusions: NPC is associated with disturbances in the integrity of circulating cell-free DNA. The persistence of DNA integrity aberrations after radiotherapy is associated with reduced probability of disease-free survival. Therefore, the measurement of plasma DNA integrity may serve as a useful marker for the detection and monitoring of malignant diseases.
ON THE INFLUENCE OF MUSCULAR EXERCISE ON LONGEVITY
Authors: H. Weber
Journal: BMJ (1918)

FEB. 23, ?9I8 whlen contact is made.Wlhen the blades are broualgt into tihe correct relationslhip with the foreign body-thiat is, witlh thle longer blade alongside and thie slhorter blade D~~C ' FIG.3.-Diagranlmmaticviewof theinatrunment.A.Screen holder "nd contact of the Instilated blade; c.Instilated blade; D, block of fibre on insulated blade; E, connexion bell circuit.touicliing the top of the fragment-contact is made and the bell rings.TThis indicates that by raising very sliglhtly antd( opening the blades the foreign body can be picLed up without any intervening strutctures being also caughit.Protection, additional to that of the diaplhragm, tube, box, etc., is afforded by a sheet of lheavy x-ray proof ruibber witlh a 3-in.lhole in it that is placed eitlher above or below -the patient.T\ue use of this instrument is not eatsy; like other surgical instruments, it requires practice.It also requires experience in the initerpretation of x-ray slhadows.Wlhen the foreign body can be c kW seen, it looks so simnple to pick it up witlh the points of the ex- tractor, wlliclh can also be seen in-tlhe fluorescent screen.And it g 9 ¢'t-'f
Complications of Pancreatitis: Medical and Surgical Management
Authors: A. R. Moossa
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This superbly written and well-organized monograph deals with the clinical aspects of the complications of pancreatitis, irrespective of the etiology. The 13 chapters are written by acknowledged experts, mainly surgeons. Their overall emphasis is on clinical management of all systemic and local complications, many of which are often life threatening. The pathophysiology of pancreatitis and its ramifications is covered in sufficient detail to enable the reader to follow each specific complication from development to treatment. Specific guidelines are given regarding the sequence of investigations, their use and abuse, and the available options in the treatment of each problem. Although the flavor of the book is surgical, the purely medical and metabolic aspects of the disease are also covered in depth. The book is not a technical-surgical treatise, and therapy is dealt with by emphasizing the theoretical pros and cons of each approach without belaboring the technical details. Case reports add
Abstract 4356: EphB4 as a novel therapeutic target for head-neck SCC.
Authors: Ren Liu, Hai-yun Yen, Rizwan Masood, Uttam Sinha, Anthony El-Khoueiry, Stephen Liu, Barbara Gitlitz, Parkash S. Gill
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Receptor tyrosine kinase EphB4 and its cognate trans-membrane ligand EphrinB2 regulate venous-artery determination and are critically required for fusion of vein and arterial compartments, as well as vessel maturation in development and in pathological angiogenesis. Aberrant induction of EphB4 in certain tumors and pro-tumor cell survival function independent of its role in tumor angiogenesis have been reported. We have studied the expression and function of EphB4 in head neck squamous cell cancer. Methods: EphB4 expression in 78 freshly frozen head/neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor samples were studied by immunostaining, western blot analysis, gene copy number, and correlated with stage. Head/neck tumor cell lines also were studied for expression and significance of EphB4 expression on survival by knock down studies using EphB4 lentiviral shRNA. Inhibition of EphB4 activation using decoy soluble EphB4 receptor fused in frame at the C-terminus with human albumin (sEphB4-HSA) was evaluated for in vivo studies of human tumor xenografts. Results: EphB4 was expressed in all human tumor tissues, and the levels correlated directly with stage. High EphB4 also predicted shortened survival. EphB4 protein levels varied in tumor cell lines, and loss of cell viability with EphB4 shRNA knock down was highest in cell lines with highest EphB4 levels (range 25-78%). Tumor xenografts in sEphB4-HSA treated mice were reduced over 80% compared to the control PBS treatment. Tissue analysis revealed reduction in tumor vessel density, reduced recruitment of pericytes, and decreased perfusion of the tumor vessels. sEphB4-HSA treatment also decreased tumor tissue PI3K activity manifested by reduced phosphorylated AKT and S6 level. Tumor cell death by apoptosis was widespread consistent with combined anti-angiogenic activity and direct tumor cell toxicity. Conclusion: EphB4 receptor tyrosine kinase is highly expressed in head/neck squamous cell cancer. EphB4 provides survival signal to the tumor cells directly. Decoy EphB4 inhibitor sEphB4-HSA is highly potent in in vivo tumor xenograft models. sEphB4-HSA is thus a candidate for investigation in human trials and the clinical trials are underway. Citation Format: Ren Liu, Hai-yun Yen, Rizwan Masood, Uttam Sinha, Anthony El-Khoueiry, Stephen Liu, Barbara Gitlitz, Parkash S. Gill. EphB4 as a novel therapeutic target for head-neck SCC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4356. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4356
Prenatal Treatment of Methylmalonic Acidemia
Authors: William L. Nyhan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Among the many advances in human genetics, treatment has probably been the least publicized. The definition of previously unrecognized pathologic entities, the documentation of their fundamental molecular enzymatic nature, and control in families at risk through prenatal diagnosis are the recognized state of the art in this field. Physicians are by nature and by training concerned with treatment, and it is rewarding to see that approaches to the treatment of genetic disease are also being developed. In this week's issue of the Journal, an article by Ampola and her colleagues describes a new venture, the prenatal treatment of a patient . . .
Sympathetic Function Test of Vasoconstrictor Changes in Foot Arteries in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Tatsuji Takahashi, Yoshiki Nishizawa, Masanori Emoto, Takahiko Kawagishi, Naoki Matsumoto, Eiji Ishimura, Masaaki Inaba, Yasuhisa Okuno, Hiroyuki Shimada, Hirotoshi Morii
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE We studied the relationship between vasoconstrictor changes in foot arteries (pedal, metatarsal, and digital arteries) and autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients to estimate the degrees of sympathetic dysfunction. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Sixty-two patients and nineteen age-matched control subjects were studied. The resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured as vascular hemodynamic parameters using Doppler sonography, and the increases in these hemodynamic parameters (%RI and %PI) from rest to a deep breath were measured as indexes of the degrees of sympathetic vasoconstrictor function. Cardiovascular autonomic function tests (AFTs) were performed and the score was compared to %RI and %PI values obtained. RESULTS Of the 62 diabetic patients, 51 had various degrees of autonomic neuropathy. Both %RI and %PI in the diabetic patients were significantly &amp;lt; those in the control subjects for all foot arteries tested (all P &amp;lt; 0.001). There were strongly inverse correlations between the %RI and %PI of foot arteries and the AFT score (r = −0.556 to −0.846, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The %RI of the digital artery was the most strongly correlated with AFT score (r = −0.846, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) among foot arteries tested. The abnormality of sympathetic vasoconstriction was detectable in the majority of the diabetic patients with the early phase of autonomic neuropathy (%RI: 89.5%; %PI: 94.5%). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the %RI of the digital artery is a useful and reliable sympathetic function test of early phase in diabetic patients.
Exposure to a low dose of bisphenol A during fetal life or in adulthood alters maternal behavior in mice.
Authors: Paola L Palanza, Kembra L Howdeshell, Stefano Parmigiani, Frederick S vom Saal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Maternal behavior in mammals is the result of a complex interaction between the lactating dam and her developing offspring. Slight perturbations of any of the components of the mother-infant interaction may result in alterations of the behavior of the mother and/or of the offspring. We studied the effects of exposure of female CD-1 mice to the estrogenic chemical bisphenol A (BPA) during fetal life and/or in adulthood during the last part of pregnancy on subsequent maternal behavior. Pregnant females were fed daily doses of corn oil (controls) or 10 microg/kg body weight BPA during gestation days 14-18. As adults, the prenatally treated female offspring were time-mated and again fed either corn oil (controls) or the same doses of BPA on gestation days 14-18, resulting in four treatment groups: controls, prenatal BPA exposure, adult BPA exposure, and both prenatal and adult BPA exposure. Maternal behavior was then observed on postnatal days 2-15 and reflex responses were examined in the offspring. Dams exposed to BPA either as fetuses or in adulthood spent less time nursing their pups and more time out of the nest compared with the control group. Females exposed to BPA both as fetuses and in adulthood did not significantly differ from controls. No alterations in postnatal reflex development were observed in the offspring of the females exposed to BPA. The changes seen in maternal behavior may be the result of a direct effect of BPA on the neuroendocrine substrates underlying the initiation of maternal behavior.
NeuroD1 Expression in Human Prostate Cancer: Can It Contribute to Neuroendocrine Differentiation Comprehension?
Authors: Luca Cindolo, Renato Franco, Monica Cantile, Giulia Schiavo, Giuseppina Liguori, Paolo Chiodini, Liugi Salzano, Riccardo Autorino, Arturo Di Blasi, Mario Falsaperla, Elisa Feudale, Gerardo Botti, Antonio Gallo, Clemente Cillo
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Lifespan of mice and primates correlates with immunoproteasome expression
Authors: Andrew M. Pickering, Marcus Lehr, Richard A. Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

There is large variation in lifespan among different species, and there is evidence that modulation of proteasome function may contribute to longevity determination. Comparative biology provides a powerful tool for identifying genes and pathways that control the rate of aging. Here, we evaluated skin-derived fibroblasts and demonstrate that among primate species, longevity correlated with an elevation in proteasomal activity as well as immunoproteasome expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Immunoproteasome enhancement occurred with a concurrent increase in other elements involved in MHC class I antigen presentation, including β-2 microglobulin, (TAP1), and TAP2. Fibroblasts from long-lived primates also appeared more responsive to IFN-γ than cells from short-lived primate species, and this increase in IFN-γ responsiveness correlated with elevated expression of the IFN-γ receptor protein IFNGR2. Elevation of immunoproteasome and proteasome activity was also observed in the livers of long-lived Snell dwarf mice and in mice exposed to drugs that have been shown to extend lifespan, including rapamycin, 17-α-estradiol, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid. This work suggests that augmented immunoproteasome function may contribute to lifespan differences in mice and among primate species.