tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) tumour staging with integrated PET/CT colonography: technical feasibility and first experiences in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: P Veit
Journal: Gut (2005)

<b>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to implement an imaging protocol for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) colonography and to combine this protocol with whole body PET/CT tumour staging for a single whole body examination for routine clinical use. <b>Subjects and methods:</b> A whole body PET/CT protocol for tumour staging and a protocol for PET/CT colonography were integrated into one examination. Fourteen prospective patients with suspected colorectal cancer underwent whole body PET/CT after aqueous bowel distension and pharmacological bowel relaxation. Colonoscopy and histopathology served as the standards of reference in all patients. <b>Results:</b> The modified PET/CT examination detected all but one lesion in the colon. One additional lesion was detected in a patient with incomplete colonoscopy due to high grade luminal stenosis. One polyp with malignant conversion was identified with the modified PET/CT protocol. PET/CT colonography proved accurate in local lymph node staging and staged nine out of 11 patients correctly. Six additional extracolonic tumour sites were detected based on the whole body staging approach. <b>Conclusion:</b> Whole body PET/CT with integrated colonography is technically feasible for whole body staging in patients with colorectal cancer. Based on these initial diagnostic experiences, this integrated protocol may be of substantial benefit in staging patients with colorectal cancer, focusing on patients with incomplete colonoscopy and those with small synchronous bowel lesions.
Interaction of erythrocyte membranes with particulates.
Authors: A C Ottolenghi, L B Joseph, H A Newman, R E Stephens
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Chrysotile fibers promoted the fusion of human erythrocyte membranes and the hemolysis and fusion of fowl erythrocytes. Amosite and glass fibers did not show the same effect. These findings provide a model for the internalization of the fibers by animal cells.
Group A Streptococcal Resistance to Clindamycin and Erythromycin
Authors: Alfred F. Sorbello
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Routine susceptibility testing of group A streptococcal isolates has been considered unnecessary owing to the low frequency of antibiotic resistance encountered. I wish to report on a patient who was bacteremic with a group A streptococcal strain that exhibited resistance to clindamycin and erythromycin. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 28-year-old black man was admitted for treatment of cellulitis of his right arm. He was an intravenous cocaine abuser who had been frequently injecting into the veins of his right forearm during the preceding 3 days. He was febrile (temperature, 39.4°C), with swelling, tenderness, and erythema of the right forearm, painful right axillary lymphadenopathy, and a focal fluctuant area in the right midforearm. As he was allergic to penicillin (facial swelling), he was treated with intravenous clindamycin (600 mg/8 h) pending incision and drainage of the developing abscess. Group A β-hemolytic streptococci were recovered from initial blood and
Duodenal ulcer healing after presentation with haemorrhage.
Authors: W R Murray, G Laferla, G Cooper, M Archibald
Journal: Gut (1986)

Forty patients who were managed conservatively after haemorrhage from an endoscopically verified duodenal ulcer were randomised at discharge from hospital to enter a blind study of ranitidine therapy (150 mg bd) versus a placebo tablet. The patients were re-endoscoped after four weeks, ulcer status defined and the trial code broken revealing that five of 20 placebo patients had healed their duodenal ulcer compared with 16 of 20 ranitidine patients (p = 0.001). Lifestyle parameters of both groups improved during the study period but no directly related benefit in duodenal ulcer healing could be shown. We conclude that effective anti-ulcer therapy, such as ranitidine, is required to heal a duodenal ulcer which presents with haemorrhage.
Swimming-induced pulmonary oedema in two triathletes: a novel pathophysiological explanation
Authors: Helen Casey, Amardeep Ghosh Dastidar, David MacIver
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2014)

Swimming-induced pulmonary oedema/edema (SIPO/SIPE) is likely to become commoner with increasing popularity of endurance sports meaning an increased awareness by participants, organisers and medical personnel is important, especially as individuals are at increased risk of future life threatening episodes and drowning if an accurate diagnosis and appropriate advice are not given. The most important risk factors we identified are a highly trained individual, competitive exercise, hypertension and cold environment.
Abstract 1789: Auristatin-based antibody-drug conjugates are synergistic in combination with PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors in hematologic malignancies and carcinoma
Authors: Timothy S. Lewis, Renee S. McCormick, Weiping Zeng, Jamie B. Miyamoto, Dana Kennedy, Eric L. Sievers, Julie A. McEarchern, Che-Leung Law
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that couple the potent anti-mitotic agents monomethyl auristatin E or F (MMAE or MMAF) to tumor antigen specific monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical models. We report that the combination of auristatin-based ADCs with inhibitors of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway improves cytotoxic activity in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell line models. Implicated in tumor cell growth and survival, the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway is frequently hyperactivated in carcinomas and hematologic malignancies with elevated AKT activity reported in ∼64% of Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells and 25-52% of primary patient diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. We produced dose response curves for auristatin ADCs and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors, alone and in combination, and then performed combination index (CI) analysis using the Chou-Talalay method. The CD30-targeting ADC brentuximab vedotin (SGN-35) and the CD19-targeting ADC (SGN-19A) were synergistic (CI &amp;lt; 0.7) with the allosteric mTORC1 inhibitors sirolimus and temsirolimus in panel of lymphoma cell lines. Similarly, a CD70 targeting ADC (SGN-75) was synergistic with sirolimus and temsirolimus in RCC cell lines. Unconjugated MMAE drug was synergistic in combination with sirolimus and temsirolimus, proving the auristatin component of the ADC is responsible for enhanced combinatorial activity. Next, we found that brentuximab vedotin, SGN-19A, and SGN-75 were each synergistic with NVP-BEZ235, a dual specificity PI3K and mTORC1/2 catalytic site inhibitor. Therefore, the synergy observed with auristatin ADCs is generalizable to inhibitors of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and not unique to rapamycin analogs. Finally, the brentuximab vedotin combination with temsirolimus was evaluated in a L428 mouse xenograft model of B-like HL. Temsirolimus and brentuximab vedotin alone showed antitumor activity in the L428 model; however, the brentuximab vedotin plus temsirolimus combination had significantly greater (P-value = 0.001) antitumor activity than either drug alone. The mechanism for the synergy observed in these combinations may involve reduced expression of antiapoptotic proteins by mTOR pathway inhibitors, which sensitizes cancer cells to auristatin ADCs. Collectively, these data suggest the potential for auristatin ADC plus mTOR inhibitor cotherapy in PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway hyperactivated lymphomas and carcinomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1789. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1789
Highly site-selective transvascular drug delivery by the use of nanosecond pulsed laser-induced photomechanical waves
Authors: Shunichi Sato, Ken Yoshida, Satoko Kawauchi, Kazue Hosoe, Yusuke Akutsu, Norihiro Fujimoto, Hiroshi Nawashiro, Mitsuhiro Terakawa
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Drug for heart failure increases mortality
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Patients with heart failure who were treated with the drug nesiritide to help them survive a crisis were 80% more likely to die in the month after treatment than were patients who had received traditional drugs for symptoms of acute heart failure. This was the finding of a US study published last week in JAMA (2005;293: 1900-5).

The drug's manufacturer Scios, which is part of Johnson & Johnson, released …
Methadone and Theories of Addiction
Authors: Albert D. Fraser
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  In the article by Dr Dole 1 in the November 25 issue of JAMA , it was stated that clinical success in the rehabilitation of heroin addicts requires stabilization of the blood level of methadone in a pharmacologically effective range (150 to 600 ng/mL).  Other investigators have studied plasma concentrations of methadone and have attempted to establish whether a threshold serum concentration or therapeutic window exists for methadone in the treatment of opiate dependency. 2-7 All these studies measured the total serum concentration of methadone (protein-bound fraction and free fraction). Olsen 8 studied the binding of tritiated l -methadone with solutions of purified human γ-globulin and human plasma. γ-Globulin bound 13% to 17.5% of the methadone and human plasma bound 83.7% to 87.3%. Since the maximum albumin binding was 43.8%, the author thought that other proteins probably bound methadone as well.  Romach et al 9 reported the
Increased Plasma Levels of Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Muneo Yoshibayashi, Tetsuro Kamiya, Yoshihiko Saito, Hisayuki Matsuo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: Brain natriuretic peptide was originally isolated from the mammalian brain1,2 and acts as a cardiac hormone resembling atrial natriuretic peptide3,4. Brain natriuretic peptide is syn...
L'amplification du gène hTERC par FISH des adénocarcinome pancréatiques est-elle un marqueur de progression tumorale? Etude de 35 ponctions pancréatiques à l'aiguille fine sous écho-endoscopie
Authors: K Drak Alsibai, L Palazzo, S Ferlicot, C Guettier, M Fabre
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: La ponction sous écho-endoscopie (EE) est l'examen de référence pour porter un diagnostic de malignité. La télomérase, enzyme absente dans la plupart des cellules somatiques, est exprimée dans une grande majorité de cancers. L'activité télomérase associée à sa stabilisation est une caractéristique des cellules immortalisées. La sous-unité ARN de la télomérase humaine (hTERC) sert de molécule matrice lors de la synthèse des répétitions télomériques. Le gène codant pour cette sous-unité est localisé en 3q. Des études moléculaires sur le cancer du pancréas ont permis de détecter une activité télomérase élevée, ainsi que des gains du 3q. A ce jour, aucune étude n'a été publiée sur l'amplification éventuelle du gène hTERC avec une sonde locus spécifique 3q26 utilisant la technique d'hybridation fluorescente in situ (FISH) sur des échantillons provenant de ponctions pancréatiques. Cette étude a pour but de connaître le type d'échantillons le plus adapté à l'utilisation de la technique FISH: suspensions cellulaires ou coupes en paraffine et de déterminer si l'amplification du gène hTERC est corrélé au diagnostic de cancer du pancréas.
Genetically Guided Choices for Chemotherapy
Authors: George L. Anesi
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Altered Crossbridge Kinetics in the αMHC <sup>403/+</sup> Mouse Model of Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Edward Blanchard, Christine Seidman, J. G. Seidman, Martin LeWinter, David Maughan
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

A mutation in the cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain, Arg403Gln (R403Q), causes a severe form of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) in humans. We used small-amplitude (0.25%) length-perturbation analysis to examine the mechanical properties of skinned left ventricular papillary muscle strips from mouse hearts bearing the R403Q mutation in the alpha-myosin heavy chain (alphaMHC403/+). Myofibrillar disarray with variable penetrance occurred in the left ventricular free wall of the alphaMHC403/+ hearts. In resting strips (pCa 8), dynamic stiffness was approximately 40% greater than in wild-type strips, consistent with elevated diastolic stiffness reported for murine hearts with FHC. At pCa 6 (submaximal activation), strip isometric tension was approximately 3 times higher than for wild-type strips, whereas at pCa 5 (maximal activation), tension was marginally lower. At submaximal calcium activation the characteristic frequencies of the work-producing (b) and work-absorbing (c) steps of the crossbridge were less in alphaMHC403/+ strips than in wild-type strips (b=11+/-1 versus 15+/-1 Hz; c= 58+/-3 versus 66+/-3 Hz; 27 degrees C). At maximal calcium activation, strip oscillatory power was reduced (0. 53+/-0.25 versus 1.03+/-0.18 mW/mm3; 27 degrees C), which is partly attributable to the reduced frequency b, at which crossbridge work is maximum. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the R403Q mutation reduces the strong binding affinity of myosin for actin. Myosin heads may accumulate in a preforce state that promotes cooperative activation of the thin filament at submaximal calcium but blunts maximal tension and oscillatory power output at maximal calcium. The calcium-dependent effect of the mutation (whether facilitating or debilitating), together with a variable degree of fibrosis and myofibrillar disorder, may contribute to the diversity of clinical symptoms observed in murine FHC.
Interferon Alfa Combined with Cytotoxic Chemotherapy for Patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Richard V. Smalley, Janet W. Andersen, Michael J. Hawkins, Vandana Bhide, Michael J. O'Connell, Martin M. Oken, Ernest C. Borden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Interferon alfa has been found to be effective as an antitumor agent (with a response rate of 30 percent) in patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, but its effectiveness in those with intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been less adequately tested. In a prospective randomized study we evaluated the effectiveness of adding interferon alfa to cytotoxic chemotherapy in patients with clinically aggressive, low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and certain histologic variants of intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, not including diffuse histiocytic lymphoma.
Nucleated Red Blood Cells in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: ABRAHAM M. FRUMIN, THEODORE H. MENDELL, SOLOMON S. MINTZ, PAUL NOVACK, ARTHUR T. FAULK
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Five patients with congestive heart failure who had peripheral nucleated red cells are reported and the literature is reviewed. We believe that bone marrow anoxia is the cause for the premature or abnormal release of nucleated red cells in congestive heart failure. The presence of nucleated red cells in the peripheral blood of patients with congestive heart failure is suggestive of a poor prognosis.
Peripheral Vascular Diseases
Authors: Christopher K. Zarins
Journal: JAMA (1992)

ABSTRACT Although peripheral vascular diseases are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in our population, they are frequently poorly understood by practicing physicians and surgeons. The development of noninvasive diagnostic techniques and successful surgical methods of treatment has resulted in the rapid growth of vascular surgery and the publication of a number of excellent textbooks on it.For many years comparable growth did not occur in vascular medicine except in several isolated centers. One such was the Mayo Clinic, whose physicians published the bible of vascular medicine, Peripheral Vascular Diseases. The text was first published in 1946 and was revised with four editions, the last in 1980.Since then, a number of major developments have occurred, including the perfection and refinement of balloon angioplasty to treat vascular stenoses, the development of effective thrombolytic therapy, the introduction of new and effective methods of treating hyperlipidemia, and a better understanding of vasoactive
Interaction Between Warfarin and Ethacrynic Acid
Authors: Robert J. Petrick
Journal: JAMA (1975)

HAZARDOUS conditions may result from interactions of drugs that can substantially increase or decrease a patient's response to warfarin sodium. The interaction between warfarin and ethacrynic acid has been demonstrated in vitro, but apparently, no clinical evidence has been reported in the literature confirming this. We have had the opportunity to observe a patient taking both warfarin and ethacrynic acid.  Report of a Case  A 38-year-old woman was admitted with known primary pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by cardiac catheterization. As on multiple prior admissions, she had weight gain, shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and belching. She had a two-year history of labile hypertension. During 1972, she developed increased skin pigmentation, elevated blood pressure, and cor pulmonale. Since then, severe failure of the right side of the heart has required several admissions and therapy with extremely high doses of diuretics. A diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy with hypoalbuminemia was established. Recently, paroxysmal nocturnal
Motivational Interviewing to Improve Adherence to a Behavioral Weight-Control Program for Older Obese Women With NIDDM: A pilot study
Authors: Delia E Smith, Christine M Heckemeyer, Polly P Kratt, Dehryl A Mason
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE The aim of this randomized pilot study was to examine whether the addition of motivational interviewing strategies to a behavioral obesity intervention enhances adherence and glucose control in older obese women with NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-two older obese women (41% black) with NIDDM were randomly assigned to 1) a standard 16-week group behavioral weight-control program that provided instruction in diet, exercise, and behavioral modification or 2) the same group behavioral program with three individualized motivational interviewing sessions added. RESULTS The motivational group attended significantly more group meetings (13.3 vs. 8.9), completed significantly more food diaries (15.2 vs. 10.1), and recorded blood glucose significantly more often (46.0 vs. 32.2 days) than the standard group. Further, participants in the motivational group had significantly better glucose control post-treatment (9.8 vs. 10.8%). Although both groups demonstrated significant weight loss, no differences were apparent between groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that augmenting a standard behavioral treatment program for obese women with NIDDM with a motivational interviewing component may significantly enhance adherence to program recommendations and glycemic control. Preliminary data warrant further investigation with larger samples and a longer follow-up.
An intermediate-risk multiple myeloma subgroup is defined by sIL-6r: levels synergistically increase with incidence of SNP rs2228145 and 1q21 amplification
Authors: Owen W. Stephens, Qing Zhang, Pingping Qu, Yiming Zhou, Shweta Chavan, Erming Tian, David R. Williams, Joshua Epstein, Bart Barlogie, John D. Shaughnessy
Journal: Blood (2011)
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Therapy For Shigellosis
Authors: John D. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Twenty-eight infants and children hospitalized for severe shigellosis were treated orally either with ampicillin trihydrate (100 mg/kg/day administered in divided doses every six hours) or with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (trimethoprim, 10 mg; sulfamethoxazole, 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 12 hours) for five days. Four patients with ampicillin-resistant shigellae continued to have diarrhea and positive stool cultures during therapy. Patients with susceptible shigellae treated with ampicillin and all patients treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole responsed promptly and comparably within an average of 1.6 and 1.7 days, respectively, until stool cultures were negative, and 3.1 and 2.9 days, respectively, until diarrhea stopped. Patients with ampicillin-resistant shigellae responded to treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. It is concluded that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the best currently available drug for treatment of shigellosis in areas where multiple antibiotic resistance of shigellae is common.
HIV Drug Resistance — A Chink in the Armor
Authors: Martin S. Hirsch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

In the resource-rich countries, a remarkable success story has emerged during the past decade in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. There has been strikingly reduced morbidity and mortality among patients treated with potent combination antiretroviral regimens. This success, however, has not been without consequences, the most serious of which are toxic effects associated with current regimens and development of resistance to antiretroviral drugs. In this issue of the Journal, Little et al.1 report that in North America, the proportion of new HIV infections with some degree of drug resistance is increasing. This finding is based on a . . .