tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Potencies of Inhaled Glucocorticoids
Authors: DANY JAFFUEL, PASCAL DEMOLY, CLAIRE GOUGAT, PATRICK BALAGUER, GISÈLE MAUTINO, PHILIPPE GODARD, JEAN BOUSQUET, MARC MATHIEU
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Glucocorticoids (GC) are the most effective anti-inflammatory drugs used in asthma. By a process called trans-activation, they increase the transcription of genes involved in either beneficial processes or certain side effects. Through trans-repression, they inhibit the transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κ B) and activator protein-1 (AP-1), thereby decreasing the expression of many genes encoding inflammatory mediators such as the cytokine RANTES. We have measured the trans-activation and trans-repression potencies of the five currently available inhaled GC using reporter gene assays. The rank order of trans-activation potencies in HeLa cells stably transfected with a GC-inducible luciferase gene was fluticasone propionate > budesonide and triamcinolone acetonide > beclomethasone dipropionate and flunisolide. For all GC except beclomethasone dipropionate, there was a highly significant correlation between their potency to trans-activate in HeLa cells and their capacity to induce the gluconeogenic enzyme tyrosine aminotransferase in hepatoma tissue culture (HTC) cells. The rank order of trans-repression potencies in A549 lung cells transiently transfected with an AP-1- or NF- κ B-dependent luciferase gene was fluticasone propionate > budesonide > beclomethasone dipropionate, triamcinolone acetonide, and flunisolide. The same rank order was found for inhibition of RANTES release. Thus, determination of trans-repression and trans-activation potencies of GC may help to predict their capacity to produce anti-inflammatory and side effects, respectively.
Health of long term benzodiazepine users
Authors: E K Rodrigo, M B King, P Williams
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The physical and psychological health of long term (over one year) users of benzodiazepines in one general practice was assessed by patients9 self reporting of illness and by general practitioners9 records. Of 3741 patients registered with the practice, 82 had been prescribed a benzodiazepine, and 64 of these agreed to enter the study. All but five of these patients were over 40 years of age, nearly a third (19) were given a diagnosis related to depression by interviewers, and between a third and a half reported a current physical illness. Long term treatment with benzodiazepines is not necessarily optimum management but may reflect the realities of general practice.
Angio-oedema in a neonate with IgG antibodies to parvovirus B19 following intrauterine parvovirus B19 infection
Authors: S. Miyagawa, Y. Takahashi, A. Nagai, Y. Yamamoto, A. Nakagawa, K. Hori, H. Morikawa, A. Yoshioka, T. Shirai
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

We report a neonate with angio-oedema following fetal hydrops caused by maternal parvovirus B19 infection. Levels of complement components, including total haemolytic complement activity and C1 inhibitor concentration, were within normal ranges in cord blood. Neonatal angio-oedema might be included in the clinical spectrum of parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy.
Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein: crucial for activation of Rac1 in endothelial barrier maintenance
Authors: N. Schlegel, J. Waschke
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

The endothelium provides a selective barrier separating blood vessels and the interstitial tissue.1 The intercellular cleft is sealed by tight junctions and mechanical cohesion is provided by adherens junctions. Additionally, integrin-mediated anchoring of endothelial cells to the extracellular matrix contributes to endothelial barrier functions.1 All of these junctions are composed of transmembrane proteins that are linked directly or indirectly to the actin cytoskeleton via adaptor proteins. Therefore, it is conceivable that actin dynamics modulate junctional integrity and endothelial barrier functions in vivo .2 Because GTPases of the Rho family regulate cell adhesion and cytoskeletal reorganization, they are important regulators of the endothelial barrier.3 In particular, Rac1 is well known to be required for maintenance of endothelial barrier functions. Recently, the actin-binding vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) has been recognized to act in concert with Rac1 in endothelial barrier regulation.4,5 Here, we will discuss the current knowledge on the mechanisms underlying VASP-dependent endothelial barrier regulation.

The 46 kDa protein VASP belongs to the ENA/VASP family proteins which are known to be involved in the regulation of actin dynamics, cell adhesion, and cell migration.6 The ENA/VASP family members share a tripartite structure, consisting of (i) an N-terminal segment (EVH1), necessary for interaction with various junction-associated proteins, (ii) a central core containing a polyproline-rich region, and (iii) a C-terminal segment (EVH2) for tetramerization and binding to filamentous actin.6,7 In endothelial cells, VASP is phosphorylated by serine/threonine kinases, such as cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKA and PKG), as well as by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK),8,9 which target residues of endothelial VASP. PKA and …
Platelet Aggregation Induced by I-Desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin (dDAVP) in Type IIb von Willebrand's Disease
Authors: Lars Holmberg, Inga Marie Nilsson, Lise Borge, Margot Gunnarsson, Elsy Sjörin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Type IIB von Willebrand's disease is a distinct form of this disorder, in which there are abnormal factor VIII/von Willebrand factor multimers in plasma (but normal multimers in platelets) and heightened interaction between the von Willebrand factor and platelets in the presence of ristocetin. We have found that infusion of desmopressin acetate (1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin [DDAVP]), an agent used in the treatment of von Willebrand's disease, causes platelet aggregation and thrombocytopenia in patients with Type IIB disease. In vitro, platelets in normal plasma and those obtained from patients with Type IIB disease before DDAVP infusion aggregated upon the addition of platelet-poor plasma from Type IIB patients treated with DDAVP. Platelet aggregation was associated with adsorption of multimers of factor VIII/von Willebrand factor onto the platelets and was inhibited by EDTA. We conclude that in Type IIB von Willebrand's disease, DDAVP releases an abnormal factor with platelet-aggregating properties. DDAVP should not be used to treat patients with Type IIB disease, since the presence of platelet aggregates in the circulation may be harmful.
Carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex control of respiration.
Authors: M J Brunner, M S Sussman, A S Greene, C H Kallman, A A Shoukas
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

We have studied the effect of the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex on respiration in 10 vagotomized, spontaneously breathing, pentobarbital anesthetized dogs. The carotid body chemoreceptor reflex response was eliminated by surgically excluding the carotid bodies from the carotid sinus baroreceptor area. Steady state frequency, tidal volume, and minute ventilation were measured after 25 mm Hg step changes in intrasinus pressure between 50 and 200 mm Hg. Over this range, the step decreases in intrasinus pressure caused concomitant increases in mean arterial pressure from 86 to 182 mm Hg. All of the respiratory response curves were sigmoidal in shape. Decreasing intrasinus pressure from 200 to 50 mm Hg caused respiratory frequency to increase from 4.8 to 9.7/min, and tidal volume to decrease from 704 to 515 ml. The calculated total ventilation, however, increased from 3180 to 4530 ml/min. The time of inspiration decreased from 3.7 to 2.4 seconds, and the time of expiration decreased from 9.8 to 4.1 seconds. These ventilatory responses are shown to be baroreceptor reflex mediated, and not secondary to changes in arterial pressure. These findings indicate that not only does the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex control arterial pressure, but it also simultaneously influences ventilation, through changes in both respiratory frequency and tidal volume.
Shuttleworthia satelles endocarditis: Evidence of non-dental human disease
Authors: Neel B. Shah, Rakesh M. Suri, Rowlens M. Melduni, Robin Patel, Øyvind Kommedal, Øystein Sæbø, Daniel R. Gustafson, Walter R. Wilson, Larry M. Baddour
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)
Multiple Morphine and Enkephalin Receptors and the Relief of Pain
Authors: Gavril W. Pasternak
Journal: JAMA (1988)

AFTER thousands of years, opiates remain the drugs of choice for severe pain. Their potency and ability to relieve the "hurt" associated with nociceptive stimuli without significantly altering such basic sensations as touch, temperature, and proprioception separate them from all other analgesics. Despite these advantages, side effects such as tolerance, physical dependence, respiratory depression, and constipation greatly limit their usefulness. In addition to these physiological actions of the opiates, their abuse is also a concern, but this remains uncommon in the treatment of acute pain and cancer pain. Opiates mimic the actions of a series of brain peptides and activate endogenous pain-modulating systems by binding to a number of different types of opioid receptors, each mediating distinct actions. Recent work indicates that the receptors responsible for many opiate side effects differ from those producing analgesia, implying that analgesics lacking these unwanted actions may be possible. This article reviews some physiological
TCRγδ+ large granular lymphocyte leukemias reflect the spectrum of normal antigen-selected TCRγδ+ T-cells
Authors: Y Sandberg, J Almeida, M Gonzalez, M Lima, P Bárcena, T Szczepañski, E J van Gastel-Mol, H Wind, A Balanzategui, J J M van Dongen, J F San Miguel, A Orfao, A W Langerak
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Embolic Occlusion of the Main Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Joseph R. Stanton, Joseph P. Lynch, Richard H. Stanton, Thomas J. Ryan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

SINCE the original paper of Trendelenburg1 describing attempted removal of massive pulmonary emboli, the literature has contained many reports of unsuccessful attempts to relieve the mortally distressed patient and only occasional successes. Wieberdink,2 in 1960, reviewing the world literature on pulmonary embolectomy, could find only 16 cases of successful operation and added a seventeenth. Allison et al.3 simultaneously reported a successful embolectomy using cardiac-inflow occlusion under hypothermia thirteen days after the initial massive embolus. Cooley, Beall and Alexander,4 in 1961, reported the first successful pulmonary embolectomy using temporary cardiopulmonary bypass.The present report describes the successful removal of an embolus . . .
A METHOD OF TREATMENT FOR CONJUNCTIVITIS
Authors: F. Jefferson, W. E. M. Armstrong
Journal: BMJ (1916)

342 MNIDICAL JoualqkL I CH 4i 1418~~~~~~~~ Previouts istory.-Hehad suffered for six years from some- what similar symptoms.CASE I.A driver in the A.B.C., seen as an out-patient on July 9th, 1915, complained of defective vision, which, however, was due to myopia, as follows: V. -R a a -3 D. = a partly.L. I partly a -2.25 D. = partly.VYith both eyes .t the same time he complained of difficulty as a driver, as he felt tnsteady and wished to be transferred to an infantry regiment.There was no sign of nystagmus at time of examination.Previouls History.-Hestated that he lhad alway's bad bad sight, that a few years ago he lhad suffered from nystagmus, that he was affected by the lights in the pit, and that he found dlifficulty In staring at lights at the present time.He said that lie had beeni at various timiies in the armv, but bad twice been discharged on account of bad sight (probaily myopia).I'flaLily History.-Father'ssight good; mother's sight weak;ei$ht sisters and one brother have good sight; one blother is said to have sLffered in the same Nvay as the patient.A private in an inifantrv regimsenit attenlded as an ouit-patient for test of vision oil July 14th, 1915.V -R.A1, aind L.almblyopic; lypermiietropic with soimie astigmatism; not im- proved by glasses to any appreciable extent.He complained of J)ain in the lhead, and said that he could niet bear a strong tight.Pi-evious HIistory.-Iestated that he had lhad weak eves all lhis life, that he had had an accident to the head as a chlild, to whliich he ascribes the failure of theleft eye; that two years ago lie had inflammationi in botlh eyes, and that sinice then he has noticed dancing or flickering lights when worliinig in the mine.le was better after joininlg the armly until lie startedl musketry r)Yactice. CASE VI.A private in an infantry regimilent camle up on July 15th, 1915, as an out-patient for examiniationi of eyes.V.-R.^-C -l-2.5 D. cyl.ax.\500=-' ptly.L. .-%c ± 2 D. cvl.ax.vert.= I ptly.Prctiotus HIistory.-Hehad been troubled with his eyes for twelve mnonthls, especially in loolinlg at lights in the pit, and at iight wheni above groundct.C4SE Vii.A private in an inlfanitry regiment was seeln oni July 17tl, 1915, on accountit of failure at musketry practice.V-= R. -4 ptl.5.3 D. csvl.ax.-hor._, L. ,t's ptlv. 3+ 2 D. cylv.ax.vert.Tllere was somiie sliglht sign of oscillation of eyeballs, and it was difficult to get hiim to look upwards.Previols 1Iistory.-Hestated that he ha(l stuffered fromn miner's iiystagmnus, wllich he believed was caused by knocks over the eyes.He comiiplained of the glittering of lights in the ilark and of thje moving of thliings before hiis eyes, especially if reading a paper. CASE 'viIr.A private in ani infanltry regiment, aged 33, was admittcd July 9th, 1915, on account of conjunctivitis.V. was at first 11 in both, imnproved in hospital so that on Auigust 18th it was V. -R.
Darwin — Down House — Dawn
Authors: Benjamin Spector
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE title chosen for this article draws attention first, to Darwin the man, secondly, to Down House, in which he wrote The Origin of Species, and, thirdly, to the dawn of a new mood and method in man's thinking in the domains of religion, law, society and science.In recognition of his genius, Darwin has been called the Newton of natural history, the Nazareth of evolution and the Copernicus of animate nature. These designations indicate the width and depth of formulated opinion regarding the stamp of perpetuity of his contributions to civilization. It will surely not stretch the pia mater . . .
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: Wm. Lomax
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> I prefer to seeThe Journalcontinue its publication in Chicago. Besides the superior facilities of communication with all parts of the country, the ambition to excel all competing cities in laudable enterprises that give prosperity to a city, which prevails there, may sharpen editorial energy to make it the best medical journal in the world. Marion, Ind., Feb. 2, 1891.
Noninvasive gene delivery to the liver by mechanical massage
Authors: Feng Liu, Leaf Huang
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

With the recent completion of the human genome project and the tremendous growth of biotechnology, the desire to extract information concerning gene expression, protein level, subcellular localization, and functionality in the liver will demand the development of efficient gene transfer to this organ with minimal toxicity. In this report, we show that significant gene expression in the liver could be achieved by simple mechanical massage after intravenous injection of naked plasmid DNA into mice. This method is simple, highly reproducible, repeatable, and, more importantly, free of toxicity. Hepatic gene transfer with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plasmid DNA prevented endotoxin-induced lethal fulminant hepatic failure, leading to dramatically enhanced survival in mice.
Circulating Concentrations of Soluble Receptor for AGE Are Associated With Age and <i>AGER</i> Gene Polymorphisms in Children With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Kirsi M. Salonen, Samppa J. Ryhänen, Josephine M. Forbes, Taina Härkönen, Jorma Ilonen, Antti-Pekka Laine, Per-Henrik Groop, Mikael Knip
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

OBJECTIVE We analyzed the relationship among soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGEs), the clinical phenotype, HLA genotype, and risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the AGER gene in a large population of Finnish children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Samples from 2,115 clinically phenotyped children &amp;lt;15 years of age in whom type 1 diabetes was diagnosed and 316 control subjects were analyzed for sRAGEs. Three SNPs of AGER, previously associated with HLA-DR/DQ haplotype independent diabetes risk (rs2070600, rs9469089, and rs17493811), were analyzed in 1,390 affected subjects. RESULTS Children with type 1 diabetes and control subjects had similar sRAGE concentrations (1,171 vs. 1,153 pg/mL, P = 0.48). There was a correlation between age at diagnosis and serum sRAGE concentrations (r = 0.10, P &amp;lt; 0.001) among the patients but not among the control subjects. Children &amp;lt;2 years of age had the lowest concentrations in the diabetic population (1,027 vs. 1,181 pg/mL, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and the highest among the control subjects (1,329 vs. 1,140 pg/mL, P = 0.04). Ketoacidosis at diagnosis was associated with reduced concentrations (1,086 vs. 1,190 pg/mL, P &amp;lt; 0.001). HLA DR3/DR4 heterozygosity and the DR3 allele were associated with reduced sRAGE concentrations. The predisposing AA genotype of rs2070600 was associated with decreased sRAGE concentrations, while the protective CC genotype of rs9469089 was linked to increased concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Age and AGER polymorphisms are associated with the circulating sRAGE concentration among children with type 1 diabetes. The observations of reduced sRAGE concentrations in young children, in those with ketoacidosis, and in carriers of the high-risk HLA DR3/DR4 genotype suggest that decreased sRAGE concentration reflects a more aggressive disease phenotype.
A comparison of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging shows that kidney length predicts chronic kidney disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Harpreet Bhutani, Vikram Smith, Frederic Rahbari-Oskoui, Ankush Mittal, Jared J. Grantham, Vicente E. Torres, Michal Mrug, Kyongtae T. Bae, Zhiyuan Wu, Yinghui Ge, Doug Landslittel, Patrice Gibbs, W. Charles O'Neill, Arlene B. Chapman
Journal: Kidney International (2015)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is marked by gradual renal cyst and kidney enlargement and ultimately renal failure. Magnetic resonance-based, height-adjusted total kidney volume (htTKV) over 600 cc/m predicts the development of CKD stage 3 within 8 years in the Consortium for Radiologic Imaging in Polycystic Kidney Disease cohort. Here we compared simultaneous ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging to determine whether ultrasound and kidney length (KL) predict future CKD stage 3 over longer periods of follow-up. A total of 241 ADPKD patients, 15-46 years, with creatinine clearance of 70 ml/min and above had iothalamate clearance, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound evaluations. Participants underwent an average of five repeat clearance measurements over a mean follow-up of 9.3 years. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance-based TKV and KL were compared using Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlations. Each measure was tested to predict future CKD stage 3. Relatively strong intraclass correlations between ultrasound and magnetic resonance were found for both htTKV and KL (0.81 and 0.85, respectively). Ultrasound and magnetic resonance-based htTKV and KL predicted future CKD stage 3 similarly (AUC of 0.87, 0.88, 0.87, and 0.88, respectively). An ultrasound kidney length over 16.5 cm and htTKV over 650 ml/min had the best cut point for predicting the development of CKD stage 3. Thus, kidney length alone is sufficient to stratify the risk of progression to renal insufficiency early in ADPKD using either ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging.
Open access, impact, and demand
Authors: Peter Suber
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Why some authors self archive their articles 

T he great current divide in scientific publishing is between open access articles—that is, those freely available on the internet—and non-open access ones, those for which a reader has to pay on order to gain access to them. Before Jonathan Wren's study appeared (p 1128)1 we knew that open access copies of scientific journal articles published in non-open access (subscription based) journals were a fairly small subset of the overall journal literature.2 Wren studied just which subset it was and found that papers from journals with high impact factors were more likely to have free online copies at other locations around the web than papers from low impact journals.

To show why this matters, and why it's puzzling, let's review what we knew before Wren did his study. We knew that some scientists deposited copies of their published articles in open access repositories, a process called self archiving. We knew that about 80% of subscription based journals allowed their authors to do so.3 Hence, we knew that self archiving was compatible with copyright and with publication in a non-open access journal. We knew that it took an author about 10 minutes to self archive one paper.4 We knew that the open access archives where authors deposited articles were “interoperable,” which means that they conformed to a common standard allowing users to search them all at once, as if they comprised one grand, virtual archive. We knew that there were many …
Nasal peak‐flow‐rate recording is useful in detecting allergic nasal reactions—a case report
Authors: M. Åhman, K. Wrangsjö
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Serial nasal peak‐expiratory‐flow‐rate recordings have been used to detect changes in nasal patency. A hospital nurse with allergy to latex showed a marked decrease in nasal flow when exposed to latex gloves in a challenge test and in her work environment. We propose using the method as a diagnostic tool for allergic rhinitis in occupational and other exposure situations in which nasal blockage is a prominent symptom.
Angiocardiographic and Physiologic Correlations in Mitral Stenosis
Authors: DANIEL S. LUKAS, PETER R. MAHRER, ISRAEL STEINBERG
Journal: Circulation (1958)

With the use of the technics of angiocardiography and cardiac catheterization the relation of specific hemodynamic abnormalities to alterations in cardiovascular anatomy in mitral valvular disease was investigated in 56 patients.