tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Concordant Uptake of Tc-99m Sestamibi and TI-201 in Unsuspected Breast Tumor
Authors: R. J. CAMPEAU, K. A. KRONEMER, C. M. SUTHERLAND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

An unsuspected breast tumor was discovered in a 65-year-old woman referred for evaluation of possible ischemic heart disease. Marked tumor uptake of Tl-201 and concordant but less intense uptake of Tc-99m sestamibi (Tc-99m MIBI) was observed after both planar and SPECT imaging post treadmill exercise. Although many reports in the literature document Tl-201 tumor uptake, this is much less frequently reported with Tc-99m MIBI at this time. To the authors' knowledge, Tc-99m MIBI breast tumor uptake has not been reported to date. Tc-99m MIBI might prove useful in the detection of primary and metastatic breast carcinoma, and warrants further investigation.
Elucidation of the structural basis of interaction of the BCR-ABL kinase inhibitor, nilotinib (Tasigna) with the human ABC drug transporter P-glycoprotein
Authors: S Shukla, E E Chufan, S Singh, A P Skoumbourdis, K Kapoor, M B Boxer, D Y Duveau, C J Thomas, T T Talele, S V Ambudkar
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Galectin-1 serum levels reflect tumor burden and adverse clinical features in classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Jing Ouyang, Annette Plütschow, Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Katrin S. Reiners, Sabine Ponader, Gabriel A. Rabinovich, Donna Neuberg, Andreas Engert, Margaret A. Shipp
Journal: Blood (2013)
Functional Neurosurgery (Neurosurgical Operative Atlas)
Authors: Ian B. Ross
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Myocardial Infarction and Fatal Coronary Insufficiency During Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Allen E. Hussar
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Deaths due to coronary accidents during or following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) have been repeatedly reported. The connection between ECT and these deaths could only be presumptive. Our patient suffered a myocardial infarction during his first ECT and a fatal acute coronary insufficiency during his second ECT, given three months later. These two incidents together strongly suggest that ECT may trigger coronary death in persons with significant coronary heart disease.
Interobserver and Intraobserver Variability in Lung Scan Reading in Suspected Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: JOHN R. HOEY, PAUL A. FARRER, LEONARD J. ROSENTHALL, ROBERT F. SPENGLER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

The interobserver and intraobserver variability in lung scan reading and interpretation was tested using a consecutive series of 96 lung scans done for patients clinically suspected to have pulmonary embolism. Lung scans were also done on 37 reference patients who were matched to a suspect case and consented to the procedure. Two experienced readers blindly read all films twice. Intraobserver agreement was low, especially for lung scans showing minor defects. Kappa, a measure of agreement beyond chance, was consistently less than .500. Interobserver agreement was lower. Only 4.3% of the suspect cases had lobar defects on the lung scan. The distribution of abnormalities in suspect and reference cases was similar. The results indicate that the reproducibility of lung scan readings is probably too low to be clinically useful, for readings involving defects that are segmental or smaller. The reproducibility for lobar defects could not be determined adequately because of their low frequency in this study.
Hypoxia-induced VEGF and collagen I expressions are associated with angiogenesis and fibrogenesis in experimental cirrhosis
Authors: Christophe Corpechot, Veronique Barbu, Dominique Wendum, Nils Kinnman, Colette Rey, Raoul Poupon, Chantal Housset, Olivier Rosmorduc
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Cirrhosis consists of hepatocyte nodules surrounded by a highly vascularized fibrous tissue. We previously showed that the development of biliary cirrhosis in the rat is associated with the occurrence of hepatocellular hypoxia and the induction of hepatic angiogenesis. We herein examined the occurrence of hypoxia in an experimental model of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced cirrhosis. We also determined whether hypoxia directly affects the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), of VEGF receptors (Flt-1, Flk-1), and of type I and type IV collagens in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the expression of VEGF in hepatocytes. Our results show that in DEN-treated rats, although the progression of liver fibrosis is associated with hepatocellular hypoxia and angiogenesis, VEGF and Flt-1 expressions in the liver are increased and correlated with the density of microvessels. In vitro, hypoxia induces the expression of VEGF, Flt-1, and type I collagen in activated HSCs and that of VEGF in hepatocytes. In addition, we show that hypoxia-induced type I collagen expression in HSCs may occur independently of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) overexpression. In conclusion, the present study provides further evidence that hepatocellular hypoxia and angiogenesis progress together with fibrogenesis after liver injury and that hypoxia directly contributes to the progression of liver fibrosis.
Bidirectional Ventricular Tachycardia and Fibrillation Elicited in a Knock-In Mouse Model Carrier of a Mutation in the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor
Authors: Marina Cerrone, Barbara Colombi, Massimo Santoro, Marina Raffaele di Barletta, Mario Scelsi, Laura Villani, Carlo Napolitano, Silvia G Priori
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited disease characterized by adrenergically mediated polymorphic ventricular tachycardia leading to syncope and sudden cardiac death. The autosomal dominant form of CPVT is caused by mutations in the RyR2 gene encoding the cardiac isoform of the ryanodine receptor. In vitro functional characterization of mutant RyR2 channels showed altered behavior on adrenergic stimulation and caffeine administration with enhanced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. As of today no experimental evidence is available to demonstrate that RyR2 mutations can reproduce the arrhythmias observed in CPVT patients. We developed a conditional knock-in mouse model carrier of the R4496C mutation, the mouse equivalent to the R4497C mutations identified in CPVT families, to evaluate if the animals would develop a CPVT phenotype and if beta blockers would prevent arrhythmias. Twenty-six mice (12 wild-type (WT) and 14RyR(R4496C)) underwent exercise stress testing followed by epinephrine administration: none of the WT developed ventricular tachycardia (VT) versus 5/14 RyR(R4496C) mice (P=0.02). Twenty-one mice (8 WT, 8 RyR(R4496C), and 5 RyR(R4496C) pretreated with beta-blockers) received epinephrine and caffeine: 4/8 (50%) RyR(R4496C) mice but none of the WT developed VT (P=0.02); 4/5 RyR(R4496C) mice pretreated with propranolol developed VT (P=0.56 nonsignificant versus RyR(R4496C) mice). These data provide the first experimental demonstration that the R4496C RyR2 mutation predisposes the murine heart to VT and VF in response caffeine and/or adrenergic stimulation. Furthermore, the results show that analogous to what is observed in patients, beta adrenergic stimulation seems ineffective in preventing life-threatening arrhythmias.
Systemic Inflammation (C-Reactive Protein) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Is Associated With Ambient Air Pollution in Pune City, India
Authors: Morteza A. Khafaie, Sundeep S. Salvi, Ajay Ojha, Behzad Khafaie, Sharad S. Gore, Chittaranjan S. Yajnik
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

To study the association between ambient air pollutants and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in 1,392 type 2 diabetic patients in Pune, India.A cross-sectional study was conducted that linked daily time series of ambient air pollution data (obtained from central monitoring sites) and plasma CRP concentration in type 2 diabetic patients from the Wellcome Trust Genetic (WellGen) Study, recruited between March 2005 and May 2007. Air pollution effects on CRP concentration were investigated with delays (lags) of 0-7 days and multiday averaging spans of 7, 14, and 30 days before blood collection adjusted for age, sex, BMI, hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, treatment with agents with anti-inflammatory action, season, air temperature, and relative humidity.Median CRP concentration was 3.49 mg/L. For 1 SD increase in SO(2) and oxides of nitrogen (NO(x)) concentrations in ambient air, a day before blood collection (lag(1)), we observed a significant increase in CRP (9.34 and 7.77%, respectively). The effect was higher with lag(2) (12.42% for SO(2) and 11.60% for NO(x)) and wore off progressively thereafter. We also found a significant association with multiday averaging times of up to 30 and 7 days for SO(2) and NO(x), respectively. No significant associations were found between particulate matter with an aerodynamic profile ≤10 µm (PM(10)) and CRP concentration except in summer. The association was significantly higher among patients with a shorter duration of diabetes, and in those not on statin and thiazolidinedione treatment.We demonstrate, for the first time, a possible contribution of ambient air pollution to systemic inflammation in Indian type 2 diabetic patients. This may have implications for vascular complications of diabetes.
Martyn John Bryant
Authors: G. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Consultant orthopaedic and trauma surgeon Chesterfield Royal Hospital (b Wimbledon 1957; q King's College Medical School, London, 1981; MD, FRCS, FRCS Orth), died from stomach cancer on 26 August 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Martyn began his training programme in Hull, followed by a research fellowship in Belfast. This led to his MD thesis in 1990 on the survival of joint replacements. A senior registrar post in Belfast gave him experience in the management of major trauma. He returned to Hull as a consultant in 1993 before moving to Chesterfield in 1998, where he established a service for shoulder and elbow problems. He leaves a wife, Marie, and two sons.
Abstract 12065: Optimal Projections for the Angiographic Imaging and the Percutaneous Closure of the Left Atrial Appendag:. Lessons Learned From the Intraprocedural Reconstruction of the Left Atrium and the Pulmonary Veins
Authors: Charalampos Kriatselis, Sotirios Nedios, Jin-Hong Gerds-Li, Eckart Fleck
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Percutaneous left atrium appendage (LAA) obliteration is a new alternative strategy for prevention of embolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and contraindications to...
'Med Prep' College Course Helps High School Students Work Toward Dreams
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1994)

A GLIMPSE of a perfect world, where highly diverse people come together, enjoy each other, share what's different about themselves, work hard, and move toward a common purpose. That's the characterization, apparently accurate as well as poetic, applied by a former codirector to the annual 5-week taste of a brighter future that goes by the prosaic name of Stanford Medical Youth Science Program (SMYSP). Its goal is to facilitate the entry of academically talented, underserved, predominantly minority high school students into the health care professions. The endeavor grew from a tutoring effort begun in 1987 by Mark Lawrence and Michael McCullough, undergraduates at Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif, who were struck by the economic and social disparity between the rich academic community and its predominantly poor, crime-ridden neighbor, East Palo Alto. Undergraduates were recruited not only to help high school students in that largely black and Hispanic community with their
Ethical codes on drug promotion in UK and Sweden are too weak, say researchers
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The authors of a study that found that the drug industry’s ethical codes on drug promotion in the United Kingdom and Sweden did not match the behaviour of individual companies have called for a raft of tighter measures, including bigger fines, to improve the quality of information the companies produce.

The authors concluded, “Policies that might improve the quality of medicines information include intensified pre-vetting and active monitoring efforts in conjunction with larger fines, as well as greater publicity following rulings.”

For the study the researchers, from Lund University …
Associations of Renal Vascular Resistance With Albuminuria and Other Macroangiopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Kumiko Hamano, Ai Nitta, Takayasu Ohtake, Shuzo Kobayashi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

Albuminuria can be caused by endothelial dysfunction as a result of ischemic nephropathy rather than classic diabetic nephropathy. We studied whether renal vascular resistance (resistive index [RI]) of the main renal arteries could be associated with albuminuria and further assessed the relationship between RI and aorta stiffness measured by brachial-ankle pulse-wave velocity (baPWV).We consecutively studied 150 patients with type 2 diabetes and the absence of clinically overt renal artery stenosis. Renal function expressed as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the modified formula of modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD). The RI [(peak systolic velocity -end-diastolic velocity)/peak systolic velocity] was measured with duplex Doppler ultrasonography.When the presence of albuminuria (uAlb) was defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (microg/mg x creatinine) >30, mean RI [(left RI + right RI)/2] was significantly higher in uAlb, compared with that in patients without uAlb. RI had significant associations with age (r = 0.398, P < 0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.398, P < 0.0001), eGFR (r = -0.373, P < 0.0001), and baPWV (r = 0.223, P < 0.05), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased RI when defined as RI >0.72 (median) was significantly associated with age (P < 0.01, 95%CI 1.02-1.19), diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.01, 0.86-0.97), and uAlb (P < 0.01, 1.53-15.46), respectively. Moreover, RI was an independent risk factor for uAlb after adjustment of both diastolic blood pressure and eGFR.Renal vascular resistance was associated with albuminuria and aorta stiffness. Increased RI may imply the presence of any type of underlying renal damage, including ischemic nephropathy.
Spironolactone and risk of upper gastrointestinal events: Association is unproved
Authors: Muhammad F Dawwas
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—The study reported by Verhamme et al has several noteworthy limitations.1 Firstly, the mortality benefit conferred by spironolactone therapy in heart failure has been shown only among patients with severe disease2 and hence, as the authors acknowledged, such patients are far more likely to be prescribed this therapy than patients with, for example, relatively asymptomatic echocardiographic evidence of impaired left ventricular function. Given …
Sulfonylurea Inadequacy
Authors: Alex Wright, A.C. Felix Burden, Richard B. Paisey, Carole A. Cull, Rury R. Holman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—To evaluate the efficacy of the addition of insulin when maximal sulfonylurea therapy is inadequate in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Glycemic control, hypoglycemia, and body weight were monitored over 6 years in 826 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in 8 of 23 U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) centers that used a modified protocol. Patients were randomly allocated to a conventional glucose control policy, primarily with diet (n = 242) or an intensive policy with insulin alone (n = 245), as in the main study. However, for patients randomized to an intensive policy with sulfonylurea (n = 339), insulin was added automatically if the fasting plasma glucose remained &amp;gt;108 mg/dl (6.0 mmol/l) despite maximal sulfonylurea doses. RESULTS—Over 6 years, ∼53% of patients allocated to treatment with sulfonylurea required additional insulin therapy. Median HbA1c in the sulfonylurea ± insulin group was significantly lower (6.6%, interquartile range [IQR] 6.0–7.6) than in the group taking insulin alone (7.1%, IQR 6.2–8.0; P = 0.0066), and significantly more patients in the sulfonylurea ± insulin group had an HbA1c &amp;lt;7% (47 vs. 35%, respectively; P = 0.011). Weight gain was similar in the intensive therapy groups, but major hypoglycemia occurred less frequently over all in the sulfonylurea (± insulin) group compared with the insulin alone group (1.6 vs. 3.2% per annum, respectively; P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS—Early addition of insulin when maximal sulfonylurea therapy is inadequate can significantly improve glycemic control without promoting increased hypoglycemia or weight gain.
Clinical Relevance of Early Disseminated Breast Cancer Cells Depends on Their Cytokeratin Expression Pattern.
Authors: K. Effenberger, E. Borgen, K. Bartkowiak, C. zu Eulenburg, B. Brors, R. Kaaresen, J. Nesland, K. Pantel, B. Naume
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: The factors determining the clinical relevance of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in breast cancer patients are largely unknown. Here we compared the specificity and clinical performance of two anti-cytokeratin(CK) antibodies frequently used for DTC detection, namely A45-B/B3 (A45) and AE1/AE3 (AE). Additionally we explored the CK gene expression patterns in primary breast tumors.Methods: Specificities of antibodies A45 and AE for selected CKs were assessed by 2-DE western blot analysis. Using these antibodies bone marrow aspirates from 391 breast cancer patients (M0, pT1-3, pN0-3) were screened for the presence of DTC. To obtain prognostic information, patients were followed up over a median of 83 months for time to relapse and 99 months for time to death. Two breast cancer patient datasets (Oslo (n=123), and van de Vijver et al. (NEJM 2002; n=295)) were analysed for CK primary tumor gene expression patterns and grouped by hormone receptor (HR) status of the primary tumors. T-tests and hierarchial clustering analyses were applied.Results: AE detected CK5, CK7, CK8, and CK19, whereas A45 recognized CK7 and CK18. In total, 24 of 391 patients (6.1%) were DTC-positive for A45, and 41 (10.5%) for AE. Although concordance between the two antibodies was 84.4%, overlap among positive cases was only 3.2%. DTC-positivity with AE and A45 was more frequent in patients of higher nodal status (p=0.019 and p=0.036, respectively). Nearly all patients with A45-positive DTC had hormone receptor-positive tumors (23/24), while detection of AE-positive DTC was more frequent among hormone receptor negative patients (p=0.006). Clear differences in primary tumor CK expression patterns between HR+ and HR- tumors were detected in both datasets. Compared to HR- tumors, CKs up-regulated in HR+ tumors were CK8 and 18, in addition CK19 in two datasets, whereas e.g. CK5, CK6, CK7, CK14, CK15, CK16, and CK17 were significantly down-regulated.Survival analyses of all patients revealed shorter distant disease-free survival (p=0.039) for patients with A45-positive DTC, whereas the prognostic relevance of AE-positive DTC was restricted to node positive patients.Conclusion: The clinical utility of immunocytochemical DTC detection depends on the anti-CK antibody used, which may reflect the complex CK composition of DTC. Tumor CK expression patterns and their correlation to antibody-sprecific DTC detection will further be explored by A45- and AE- staining of corresponding patient samples. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3021.
Update in Sleep Medicine 2012
Authors: Puja Kohli, Kathleen Sarmiento, Atul Malhotra
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

In 2012, the Journal published several influential studies that have enhanced our knowledge of the pathophysiology, management, and consequences of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).The aim of this update is to highlight these discoveries. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHINGIn obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the upper airway recurrently collapses during sleep due to an imbalance in forces that usually maintain pharyngeal patency.Given the importance of upper airway motor control, Saboisky and colleagues sought to confirm the presence of neurogenic changes and quantify the extent of neural remodeling in hypoglossal nerve branches (1).In this study of 31 patients, 17 of whom had OSA, genioglossus EMG signals and motor unit potential trains were extracted and analyzed quantitatively.This study revealed that the genioglossus motor unit potential trains were longer in duration and larger in size index in patients with OSA versus control subjects, strong indicators of neurogenic change.These changes were attributed to motor unit remodeling from denervation, collateral sprouting, and reinnervation and were associated with the severity of hypoxemia during sleep.In an accompanying editorial, Levy and colleagues suggested that the cross-sectional study design did not allow separation of cause and effect (2).Although pharyngeal neuropathy might be a consequence of SDB, it may also perpetuate OSA.The authors acknowledged that more studies are required regarding these neurogenic changes.Given the evidence for hypoglossal neurogenic dysfunction in OSA, specific treatment modalities such as hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) may have a therapeutic role.HGNS is potentially efficacious in patients with OSA intolerant of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (3).Schwartz and colleagues sought to determine if the efficacy of HGNS was due to its ability to improve airflow and to relieve airway obstruction (4).This study of 30 patients with OSA found that HGNS produced marked doserelated increases in airflow without arousal from sleep.Although all patients achieved near-normal flow with HGNS, patients with persistent inspiratory airflow limitation required higher stimulus intensity to achieve peak flow, suggesting this subset of patients needed recruitment of other pharyngeal dilator muscles.Overall, the authors believed their findings supported the need for further research into HGNS, including awaiting the results of multiple ongoing multinational randomized trials, although early unpublished reports have been disappointing.
REST AND EXERCISE MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCANS AND CLEARANCE RATES OF SQ302I7, A NEW TECHNETIUM- 99m PERFUSION IMAGING AGENT
Authors: Lynne L. Johnson, David W. Seldin, Michael Muschel, Kevin Smith, David K. Blood, Paul J. Cannon
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Johnson, Lynne L. M.D., F.A.C.C.; Seldin, David W. M.D.; Muschel, Michael M.D.; Smith, Kevin B.S.; Blood, David K. M.D., F.A.C.C.; Cannon, Paul J. M.D., F.A.C.C. Author Information
The use of folate-PEG-grafted-hybranched-PEI nonviral vector for the inhibition of glioma growth in the rat
Authors: Bing Liang, Ming-Liang He, Chu-yan Chan, Yang-chao Chen, Xiang-Ping Li, Yi Li, Dexian Zheng, Marie C. Lin, Hsiang-Fu Kung, Xin-Tao Shuai, Ying Peng
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)