tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Silicone Breast Implants and Risk of Cancer?
Authors: Joseph K. McLaughlin, Olof Nyren, Hans-Olov Adami, Joseph F. Fraumeni
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We examined cancer risk following breast implant surgery in Sweden by use of a nationwide linked registry. The registry combines individual hospital discharge information with subsequent cancer incidence. The methods of this linked-registry approach have been reported in a study that evaluated cancer risk associated with discharge diagnoses.<sup>1</sup>We identified 1756 Swedish women who received breast implants for nonmedical (cosmetic) reasons during the period 1965 through 1983. The patients were followed up for cancer occurrence through 1989. They contributed 20610 person-years of experience, with an average duration of 11.7 years since implant. We analyzed all major cancer sites, using national Swedish incidence rates to calculate expected numbers. In all, 34 cases of cancer were identified during the study period compared with 33.7 expected cases (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7 to 1.4). No cancers were observed in the first year of follow-up.
Hemodynamic Studies during Angina Pectoris
Authors: LAWRENCE S. COHEN, WILLIAM C. ELLIOTT, ELLIS L. ROLETT, RICHARD GORLIN
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Sixteen patients developed angina pectoris during cardiac catheterization. During an anginal attack, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure did not uniformly rise. When it did occur, it seemed to be more closely related to acute left ventricular hypertension. During a stress-induced anginal attack, the rise, if any, in systolic ejection rate of the left ventricle, was markedly decreased below that achieved in normal subjects or in subjects with coronary artery disease without angina. The impaired augmentation in systolic ejection rate was associated with subnormal increases in cardiac output as well as in stroke volume during the anginal state. Average heart rate and systolic ejection period were no different from the nonanginal patients. Myocardial excess lactate was found in the vast majority of cases during an anginal episode, and actual myocardial lactate production was seen in one half of the patients during angina. The abnormalities in left ventricular function may be related to abnormalities in oxygen supply to the myocardium.
AN EXPERIMENTAL BASIS OF COMBINED ANTIBIOTIC ACTION
Authors: E. Jawetz
Journal: JAMA (1952)

The increasing number of available potent antimicrobial agents tempts the physician to use several of these drugs simultaneously in the same patient. This practice is often justified with the statement, "if one drug should not influence the disease-producing micro-organisms, the other one will." Such indiscriminate combined therapy has led to diminishing emphasis on specific etiologic diagnosis which should be the basis of antimicrobial treatment.<sup>1</sup>On the basis of the claim "if one drug is good, two should be better," combinations are frequently administered although little is known about their effect. To approach the problem rationally it is important to assemble experimental facts on the behavior of combinations of antimicrobial drugs. Better clinical management might be built on such a foundation. The present report, however, is limited strictly to the effects of drug combinations observed in the laboratory under controlled conditions and in no way implies that the same principles
Mandibular advancement device and CPAP did not differ for health outcomes in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Matthew B. Stanbrook
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Phillips CL, Grunstein RR, Darendeliler MA, et al. Health outcomes of continuous positive airway pressure versus oral appliance treatment for obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;187:879-87. 23413266
Selective Measurement of Two Lipase Activities in Postheparin Plasma from Normal Subjects and Patients with Hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: Ronald M. Krauss, Robert I. Levy, Donald S. Fredrickson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

An assay has been developed for specific measurement of two different lipase activities in postheparin plasma. Lipoprotein lipase, derived from extrahepatic sources, is measured as protamine-inactivated lipase activity; hepatic lipase activity is protamine-resistant under the conditions of this assay. In 100 normal subjects, both enzyme activities were noted to be related to age and sex. Protamine-resistant lipase, which comprised 46-95% of the total activity, was highest in men over 18. Protamine-inactivated lipase activity was greatest in younger males and was age-correlated in women, doubling between the second and sixth decades.
Mad, Bad and Dangerous: The Scientist and the Cinema
Authors: Colin Martin
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Fictional narratives in literature, film, and television help shape public perception of scientists and doctors, their values, and how they behave; they also promote a shared self identity among professionals. Cultural commentators and medical historians' interest in how clinicians and medical scientists are represented in feature films has developed in parallel with the use of films in teaching, which is now a popular means of stimulating debate on biomedical ethics and professional conduct, in undergraduate medicine and medical history courses.

Christopher Frayling's book characterises several thematic variations in the portrayal of scientists …
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided Nd:YAG laser ablation of recurrent pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: a promising revolution?
Authors: Francesco Di Matteo, Francesca Picconi, Margareth Martino, Monica Pandolfi, Claudio Pacella, Emiliano Schena, Guido Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has developed from a diagnostic tool into a therapeutic one [1]. A 46-year-old woman was diagnosed with recurrent pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) by positive 68Ga-[1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraacetic acid]-1-NaI3-octreotide (68Ga-DOTA-NOC) positron emission tomography (PET) ([Fig. 1 a]). Two years earlier she had undergone curative distal pancreatectomy for previous PNET in the setting of multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. At computed tomography (CT) scan, the lesion appeared as a 9-mm nodular area with early contrast enhancement on the pancreatic residual body ([Fig. 2 a]).
Adolescents’ Reports of Parental Knowledge of Adolescents’ Use of Sexual Health Services and Their Reactions to Mandated Parental Notification for Prescription Contraception
Authors: Rachel K. Jones
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Legislation has been proposed that would mandate parental notification for adolescents younger than 18 years (minors) obtaining prescription contraception from federally funded family planning clinics.To determine the extent to which parents are currently aware that their teenage daughters are accessing reproductive health services and how minors would react in the face of mandated parental involvement laws for prescription birth control.A total of 1526 female adolescents younger than 18 years seeking reproductive health services at a national sample of 79 family planning clinics were surveyed between May 2003 and February 2004.Proportions of minor females who reported that a parent or guardian was aware that they were at the family planning clinic and, under conditions of mandated parental involvement, proportions of minors who would access prescription contraceptives at family planning clinics or engage in unsafe sex.Sixty percent of minors reported that a parent or guardian knew they were accessing sexual health services at the clinic. Fifty-nine percent of all adolescents would use the clinic for prescription contraception even if parental notification were mandated. This response was less common (29.5%) among adolescents whose parents were unaware of their clinic visits and more common (79%) among those whose parents were aware. Many adolescents gave more than 1 response to mandated parental involvement. Forty-six percent would use an over-the-counter method, and 18% would go to a private physician. Seven percent said that they would stop having sex as one response, but only 1% indicated this would be their only reaction. One in 5 adolescents would use no contraception or rely on withdrawal as one response to mandated notification.Most minor adolescent females seeking family planning services report that their parents are aware of their use of services. Most would continue to use clinic services if parental notification were mandated. However, mandated parental notification laws would likely increase risky or unsafe sexual behavior and, in turn, the incidence of adolescent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.
Everything Is Up-to-date in Warsaw, Moscow, and Budapest
Authors: C. K. Wittenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Everything Is Up-to-date in Warsaw, Moscow, and Budapest Get access Clarissa K. Wittenberg Clarissa K. Wittenberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 16, 15 August 1990, Page 1313, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.16.1313 Published: 15 August 1990
Production, isolation, and characterization of rabbit anti-idiotypic antibodies directed against human antithyrotrophin receptor antibodies.
Authors: J R Baker, Y G Lukes, K D Burman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Previous studies have shown that anti-idiotypic antibodies can be developed in vivo through animal immunization with idiotype, and that these antibodies can be isolated from other anti-immunoglobulin antibodies by affinity purification. These techniques have relied on large amounts of idiotype, which were produced either by hyperimmunization or by monoclonal antibodies, to serve as the affinity adsorbent. In the present study, we produced anti-idiotypic antibodies to human anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies by first injecting rabbits with (TSH receptor purified) IgG from Graves' patients. The resulting antiserum was then adsorbed with Sepharose-coupled TSH in an attempt to specifically bind and isolate the anti-idiotype. The antibody obtained from this process was shown to bind specifically to TSH receptor-binding antibodies from Graves' patients, and this binding could be inhibited by 56% with the addition of 10(-4) M TSH but not by HCG (10(-2) M). The anti-idiotype also bound to TSH, and this binding could be specifically inhibited by receptor-purified Graves' IgG (60% inhibition at 10 micrograms/ml IgG), but not by IgG from normal subjects (no inhibition at 50 micrograms/ml IgG). In a TSH receptor binding assay, the anti-idiotype could inhibit TSH receptor binding in Graves' sera at a 1,000-fold lower concentration than could anti-kappa/lambda antiserum; the anti-idiotypic antiserum also inhibited in vitro TSH-mediated adenylate cyclase stimulation at an IgG concentration of 5 micrograms/ml, while heterologous anti-TSH antisera and normal IgG at similar concentrations had no effect. Finally, despite being generated against a single patient's TSH receptor binding antibody, the anti-idiotype was able to block TSH receptor binding in the serum of six other Graves' patients, thus suggesting that there may be conformational conservation in the antigen that is recognized by different individuals' TSH receptor-binding immunoglobulins.
Provision of cardiopulmonary resuscitation differs across ethnic and racial groups
Authors: K. S. V. Shah, A. S. V. Shah, R. Bhopal
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Introduction</b>: We reported significant improvement in pulmonary artery mean (PAM) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) for those treated with 16 weeks (wks) of bosentan (BOS) versus no change in those treated with placebo (PLA) for sarcoidosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SAPH). <b>Purpose of the study</b>: To determine whether patients with advanced parenchymal disease were less likely to respond to BOS. <b>Methods</b>: Patients with SAPH confirmed by right heart catheterization (RHC) were randomized 2:1 to receive either BOS or PLA. After 16 wks of therapy, patients underwent repeat RHC. Patients had forced vital capacity (FVC) and Scadding chest x-ray (CXR) stage. <b>Results</b>: Of the 25 patients treated with BOS, 2 stopped study drug before wk 8. At 16 wks, 21had repeated RHC. Patients were subgrouped into those with FVC% ≥70% predicted (FVC≥70%) or below 70% (FVC≤70%) and those with CXR stage 0-3 (CXR&lt;4) versus stage 4 (CXR=4). The table demonstrates the changes in PAM and PVR. There was significant improvement in PAM and PVR for those with FVC&lt;70% but was not for those with FVC≥70%. No changes were seen for the PLA group. <b>Conclusion</b>: After 16 wks of treatment, bosentan therapy was associated with a significant improvement in PAM and PVR. These changes remained significant for patients with an FVC&lt;70% predicted. SAPH patients with advanced parenchymal lung disease may respond to vasodilatory therapy.
Role of the Kidney and the Renin-Angiotensin System in the Response of Aldosterone Secretion to Hemorrhage
Authors: PATRICK J. MULROW, WILLIAM F. GANONG
Journal: Circulation (1962)

In summary, these data show that in hypophysectomized dogs: 1. Hemorrhage stimulates mainly aldosterone secretion. 2. Nephrectomy prevents stimulation of aldosterone secretion by hemorrhage. 3. Nephrectomy lowers basal secretion of aldosterone. 4. Crude saline extracts of dog kidneys, semipurified renin extracts of dog kidneys, and synthetic angiotensin can stimulate aldosterone secretion. These findings suggest that in hypophysectomized dogs, the kidney, via the renin-angiotensin system, is an important mechanism by which hemorrhage stimulates aldosterone secretion.
BRAIN AND THYMUS LIPID INHIBITION OF ANTIBRAIN-ASSOCIATED ϑ-CYTOTOXICITY
Authors: W. J. Esselman, H. C. Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Reif and Allen (1-3) demonstrated that 0-antigen was present on the surface of mouse thymocytes and a number of murine leukemia cells, in brain tissue and, to a lesser extent, in lymph nodes and spleen.They later showed that 0-antigen was controlled by a single locus with two alleles: 8-AKR found in AKR mice, and 0-C3H found in most inbred strains of mice, including CBA.Golub (4) has employed the fact that 0-antigen is present in brain to produce an antibrain-associated 0-antiserum (BA0) 1 by injecting mouse brain into rabbits.The activity of BA0 antiserum parallels that of AKR anti-0 C3H and C3H anti-0 AKR.The relationship between O-C3H, 8-AKR, and BA0 has recently been shown by Clagett et al. ( 5) and Peter et al. ( 6) to consist of a complex system of shared and unshared antigens between mouse 8-C3H, 0-AKR, and rat Lewis (Le) thymocytes.The immunochemical reactions of lipids have been the subject of a review (7).Among the most studied of these antigens of haptenic determinants are the Forssman hapten (8, 9), cytolipin R, K, and H (7), and the A B H and Le b isoantigens (10).Antisera can be prepared toward gangliosides with extended immunization schedules using pure gangliosides or brain (11,12).We now describe the partial characterization of a lipid which has been isolated from mouse thymocytes and brain, and which is capable of inhibiting the cytotoxicity of anti-BAO antiserum.The data presented here are consistent with the proposal that BAO antigen is GDlb ganglioside. Materials and MethodsAnimals.---CBA/J female mice 4-12-wk old were used as donors of thymocytes and brains" Young Dutch Belt rabbits (3 kg) were used for preparation of antisera.Thymocytes.--Care was exercised upon removal of mouse thymus to avoid contamination with surrounding mediastinal lymph nodes.Thymuses were placed in Eagle's minimal essen-
Does topical tacrolimus induce lentigines in children with atopic dermatitis? A report of three cases
Authors: J.R. Hickey, A. Robson, J.N.W.N. Barker, C.H. Smith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Three children with severe atopic dermatitis were noted at routine follow‐up to have developed multiple small pigmented macules during long‐term therapy with topical tacrolimus 0·1% (Protopic®, Fujisawa). Representative lesions in two of the three cases were confirmed histologically as simple lentigines. The focal distribution of lentigines to sites of tacrolimus use, and the temporal association between use of tacrolimus and development of lesions, suggest that topical tacrolimus is of direct aetiological relevance to their development. Careful long‐term follow‐up will be required to assess the clinical implications of these findings and whether they represent an increase in risk for melanocytic neoplasia.
Nak Regulates Localization of Clathrin Sites in Higher-Order Dendrites to Promote Local Dendrite Growth
Authors: Wei-Kang Yang, Yu-Huei Peng, Hsun Li, Hsiu-Chen Lin, Yu-Ching Lin, Tzu-Ting Lai, Hsien Suo, Chien-Hsiang Wang, Wei-Hsiang Lin, Chan-Yen Ou, Xin Zhou, Haiwei Pi, Henry C. Chang, Cheng-Ting Chien
Journal: Neuron (2011)

During development, dendrites arborize in a field several hundred folds of their soma size, a process regulated by intrinsic transcription program and cell adhesion molecule (CAM)-mediated interaction. However, underlying cellular machineries that govern distal higher-order dendrite extension remain largely unknown. Here, we show that Nak, a clathrin adaptor-associated kinase, promotes higher-order dendrite growth through endocytosis. In nak mutants, both the number and length of higher-order dendrites are reduced, which are phenocopied by disruptions of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Nak interacts genetically with components of the endocytic pathway, colocalizes with clathrin puncta, and is required for dendritic localization of clathrin puncta. More importantly, these Nak-containing clathrin structures preferentially localize to branching points and dendritic tips that are undergoing active growth. We present evidence that the Drosophila L1-CAM homolog Neuroglian is a relevant cargo of Nak-dependent internalization, suggesting that localized clathrin-mediated endocytosis of CAMs facilitates the extension of nearby higher-order dendrites.Video AbstracteyJraWQiOiI4ZjUxYWNhY2IzYjhiNjNlNzFlYmIzYWFmYTU5NmZmYyIsImFsZyI6IlJTMjU2In0.eyJzdWIiOiI3OGY1ZWRlOTZkYTdhYzgzMmFmM2NhYWIyN2RiZjgwOSIsImtpZCI6IjhmNTFhY2FjYjNiOGI2M2U3MWViYjNhYWZhNTk2ZmZjIiwiZXhwIjoxNjc4MDQ5OTYyfQ.CcL3Z4lwvPj0phXA7QoIqS5HXHD3csYQ9dUxtJ3t4diTemzdz2AwXIprDJtt2Tn_cCOlzrfdAuYlXRi3OBe5NTrJELYPAlX9GEQXEqmi_M1ya3jgZpgEOMCCaFOzKziwUFCR8lLqjzEeewXTWDyxJtzhCjCnMpFraYf3Ei0qm68MFoJ92EdWzEM5WJD_oZsDl74s-Gnodb3HxLv1KA2BL8Umgy8FXAhOiQR6Zf32AbTXuqANwqrzxNUTwDtYLqqrX0r6rJe8xOes7qOpHvq27Qid15s5a-FUYfZfBiUs21Jo-ze0dhvvfod1HHpiETMFgCVn4mjjQuLA4wvBoGIZSA(mp4, (16.13 MB) Download video
Mood Disorders in Women
Authors: James Westphal, Mary Jo Fitzgerald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes7 August 2001Mood Disorders in WomenJames Westphal, MD and Mary Jo Fitzgerald, MDJames Westphal, MDDepartment of Psychiatry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana. (Westphal, Fitzgerald)Search for more papers by this author and Mary Jo Fitzgerald, MDDepartment of Psychiatry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana. (Westphal, Fitzgerald)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-3-200108070-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Steiner M, Yonkers K, Eriksson E, eds. 573 pages. Malden, MA: Martin Dunitz; 2000. $99.95. ISBN 1853175455. Order phone 800-215-1000.Field of medicine: Women's health.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Obstetrics-gynecology, psychiatry, and primary care.Purpose: To present knowledge on mood disorders in women.Content: The book reviews the epidemiology, biology, clinical presentation, and treatment of mood disorders in women from menarche through old age. It focuses on the interaction of mood and reproductive physiology, including premenstrual disorders, pregnancy, subfertility, pregnancy loss, postpartum disorders, breast feeding, and menopause.Highlights: The three chapters on the behavioral effects of estrogens, progestins, and androgens ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Psychiatry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana. (Westphal, Fitzgerald) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 August 2001Volume 135, Issue 3Page: 228KeywordsAnxietyBreast feedingClinical epidemiologyDrug therapyMenopauseMood disordersPregnancySchizophreniaSexual identitySystematic reviews ePublished: 7 August 2001 Issue Published: 7 August 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Secretion of Cholesterol-Rich Lipoproteins by Perfused Livers of Hypercholesterolemic Rats
Authors: Simon-Pierre Noel, Laurence Wong, Peter J. Dolphin, Ladislav Dory, David Rubinstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Rats maintained on a high-fat diet supplemented with propylthiouracil develop a hypercholesterolemia, an increased serum level of apolipoprotein (apo) E, abnormal very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL), and a fatty liver which contains cholesterol ester as its major lipid. The fatty liver secretes apoE into a recirculating perfusate at a significantly higher rate and produces cholesterol ester-rich, apoC-deficient VLDL with slower electrophoretic mobility than the triacylglycerol-rich VLDL produced by perfused normal livers. LDL, secreted in significant quantities by the perfused fatty liver, but not by the normal liver, is also cholesterol rich and contains apoE as well as apoB. The incorporation of [3H]leucine into apoVLDL and apoLDL secreted by the livers of the hypercholesterolemic animals and the apoVLDL secreted by the normal liver corresponds to the pattern visualized when the apoproteins are separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Similar patterns are noted when non-recirculating perfusates are studied. These results indicate that the cholesterol ester-rich, apoC-deficient VLDL and the apoE-containing LDL found in the serum of hypercholesterolemic rats are not solely catabolic remnants of VLDL and chylomicrons but are secreted by the liver. Separation of the perfusate lipoproteins by agarose gel filtration revealed that most of the apoE secreted by the livers of hypercholesterolemic rats is found in the VLDL and LDL, whereas apoE secreted by the normal livers is distributed equally between VLDL, high density lipoproteins, and a low molecular weight fraction which corresponds to the virtually delipidated apoprotein. Thus the distribution of apoE among the lipoprotein fractions may be related to the total amount of cholesterol being transported in the circulation.