tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A VALUABLE MANIPULATION FOR THE RELIEF OF CONSTIPATION
Authors: Herbert B. Whitney
Journal: JAMA (1924)

About fifteen years ago, in a German publication called "Excerpta Medica," a suggestion was made for the relief of a certain form of constipation which has proved of the utmost value in my experience and practice. Although, at the age of 65, I have been so fortunate as to have required a cathartic but twice in my life, evacuation is not always easy because of the condition of the fecal mass; and the long continued straining thus required in past years has not only been very annoying, but has also resulted in several attacks of hemorrhoids. Since the adoption of the manipulation described, such attacks have never recurred. The procedure is applicable only to the evacuation of a fecal mass in the lower rectum, close to the anal sphincter, but hard to move because of its size, or density, or both. It consists in a remolding of the mass by
Consumption of Olive Oil, Butter, and Vegetable Oils and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors
Authors: Maurizio Trevisan, Vittorio Krogh, Jo Freudenheim, Alma Blake, Paola Muti, Salvatore Panico, Eduardo Farinaro, Mario Mancini, Alessandro Menotti, Giorgio Ricci
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The cross-sectional association between consumption of various fats (eg, butter, olive oil, and vegetable oil) and risk factors for coronary heart disease was analyzed in a sample of 4903 Italian men and women 20 to 59 years of age. The intake of fats was ascertained by an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Increased consumption of butter was associated with significantly higher blood pressure and serum cholesterol and glucose levels for men; in women only the association with glucose reached statistical significance. In both sexes consumption of olive oil and vegetable oil was inversely associated with serum cholesterol and glucose levels and systolic blood pressure. These findings were adjusted for confounding effects of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease. These cross-sectional findings from a large population sample suggest that consumption of butter may detrimentally affect coronary risk factors, while polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats may be associated with a lower coronary risk profile. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:688-692)
Publishing Genomewide Association Studies
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen, Elizabeth G. Phimister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

On July 18, 2007, two original research articles appeared on the Journal's Web site (and will be published in this and later print issues) conveying the results of “genomewide association studies.” We anticipate that we will publish a number of such articles during the coming months and years. These articles are a major fruit of the human genome and HapMap projects, and they report variants of specific genes, or narrow genomic regions, that are associated with the presence or severity of specific clinical conditions. Because the publishing of the results of such studies is a new endeavor for the . . .
Possible Response of Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria to Danazol
Authors: MORIE A. GERTZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1987Possible Response of Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria to DanazolMORIE A. GERTZ, M.D.MORIE A. GERTZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-4-635_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I report the case of a patient with paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria whose disease went into remission after the initiation of danazol therapy.A 58-year-old man developed the abrupt onset of dark red urine on 10 June 1986. He was hospitalized for evaluation of anemia. His hemoglobin level consistently fell below 7 g/dL and over the next 30 days he required a total of 28 units of packed erythrocytes. A 1-month trial of prednisone at 1 mg/kg body weight · d did not reduce his transfusion requirement and was discontinued. Physical examination was normal except for pallor and...References1. AHNHARRINGTONMYLVAGANAMAYUBPALL YWRJL. Danazol therapy for autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:298-301. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MACKENZIE G. Paroxysmal hemoglobinuria: a review. Medicine. 1929;8:159-91. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1987Volume 106, Issue 4Page: 635-635KeywordsAnemiaBody weightHemoglobinUrine Issue Published: 1 April 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Dynamics of alanine aminotransferase during hepatitis C virus treatment
Authors: Ruy M. Ribeiro, Jennifer Layden-Almer, Kimberly A. Powers, Thomas J. Layden, Alan S. Perelson
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Studies of the kinetics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) decline during interferon (IFN)-based therapy have led to insights into treatment efficacy. However, the kinetics of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), an enzyme used as a surrogate of liver damage, have not been closely monitored, and it is not known if they correlate with those of HCV RNA. Here we describe the associations between ALT and HCV dynamics. We analyzed 35 patients treated daily with 10 mIU IFN-alpha 2b with or without ribavarin for 28 days followed by standard IFN/ribavirin therapy. Patients exhibited 4 patterns of ALT change: (1) exponential decay of ALT, (2) transient increase in ALT followed by a decrease to pretreatment or normal levels, (3) increase in ALT to a new level, and (4) no significant change. By simultaneously modeling HCV and ALT dynamics, we successfully fit the observed changes. We found ALT decays with t(1/2) = 12.7 hours. The transient increase in ALT observed in some patients suggested a mild hepatotoxic effect of IFN. However, patients with a smaller initial ALT increase achieved higher rates of viral negativity by week 72 (P =.02). The week-4 ALT decline correlated with the HCV log drop (P =.006) and the efficacy of therapy (P =.025). In conclusion, our results suggest the use of ALT as a surrogate marker for treatment effect in patients with elevated ALT.
Abstract 3609: Homology structure-based design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel Axl and Mer kinase inhibitors
Authors: Alexis Mollard, Steven L. Warner, Lee Call, Mark Wade, Jared Bearss, Anupam Verma, Mei Yang, Sunil Sharma, David J. Bearss, Hariprasad Vankayalapati
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Axl and Mer kinases belong to the TAM family that was first identified as a transforming gene in chronic myeloid leukemia. Its intracellular region has the typical receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) structure and its extracellular domain is similar to cadherin-type adhesion molecules in that it is composed of fibronectin type II and immunoglobulin (Ig) motifs. Axl binds various growth factors, with vitamin K-dependent protein growth-arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) being the best studied. Axl is involved in mesenchymal and neuronal development as well as in cell survival, adhesion and blood vessel function. High levels of Axl are found in various tumors, including malignant glioma and metastatic colon, ovarian and breast cancers, and it plays a role in cancer invasion. Recent development of Axl inhibitors suggested that inhibition of Axl activity may be impact both tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. We describe here the design, synthesis, molecular modeling, and biological evaluation of a series of small molecule, inhibitors of Axl and Mer kinases. Our initial lead compound was identified via cross-docking experiments utilizing the homology model of Axl kinase and screening of a diverse in-house chemical library. We subsequently carried out structure-activity relationship studies and optimized the lead structure which has 2 to 6.1 μM inhibition activity to 2-fold improvement in the Axl and Mer kinase activities to 730 nM. As a starting point for further optimization, it was considered that the modest of these series could be improved by introducing a spacer at the aryl piperazine moiety and focused on maximizing the in vitro potency, addressing the SAR and molecular properties. We further explored Leu620, hydrophobic, Gly543, Phe547 and DFG motif sites through scaffold hoping lead to the identification of an electron-withdrawing functional groups lead to the compound HCI-2084 and HCI-2091 which exhibited potent Axl kinase inhibition activity of 7 and 12 nM in Axl kinase assay and 30-50 nM is panel of cancer cell lines. These novel series of compounds were synthesized in two-step procedure via a standard cross-coupling reaction or with various substituted aryl amine derivatives under amination conditions. In a subsequent step we employed Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction to prepare target molecules. Due to the ready synthesis accessibility, we extensively investigated the SAR improving the RO5, solubility and permeability parameters. The details of these results will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3609. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3609
GRADING OF PATIENTS IN MENTAL HOSPITALS AS A THERAPEUTIC MEASURE
Authors: Milton H. Erickson, R. G. Hoskins
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1931)

A plan is described that is in successful operation as one feature in situational therapy in a research service devoted to the study of schizophrenia. The patients are formally divided into six groups in accordance with their psychiatric status. Each group is described in terms comprehensible to the patients, and to each group is assigned a grade letter. Patients are promoted or demoted from grade to grade in accordance with changes in the mental condition. All promotions and demotions are given ward publicity. This is an effective method of motivating efforts toward self-improvement and of stimulating hope in the individual patient. The method is widely applicable to state hospital practice, and yields excellent therapeutic results for the effort expended.
Propranolol Inhibition of Renin Secretion
Authors: Fritz R. Bühler, John H. Laragh, Leslie Baer, E. Darracott Vaughan, Hans R. Brunner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

The antihypertensive effect and mechanism of propranolol were studied in 47 hypertensive patients classified according to high, normal, or low plasma renin activity. The drug was uniformly effective in 13 patients with high renin activity and malignant, renovascular, or essential hypertension, producing a mean fall in diastolic pressure of 30 mm of mercury. In 22 with normal renin, propranolol reduced mean diastolic pressure by 20 mm of mercury, but individual responses were less consistent. In contrast, the drug was uniformly ineffective in the 12 patients with low-renin essential hypertension. In all three groups, the action of propranolol closely correlated with both the control renin levels and the degree of renin suppression produced. Propranolol usually suppressed aldosterone secretion but to a lesser extent than it did renin, perhaps because of a hyperkalemic effect of the drug. These special effects of propranolol in renin-dependent hypertensions point to the possibility of an associated neurogenic mechanism in these patients.
VARIATION IN GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A NATIONWIDE ANALYSIS
Authors: Sadip Pant, Abhishek Deshmukh, Kathan Mehta, Apurva Badheka, Nileshkumar Patel, Smith Giri, Neeraj Shah, Ankit Chothani, Tushar Tuliani, Kaustubh Dabhadkar, Jawahar Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Too Much, Too Little, or Just Right? Tumor Margins in Women Undergoing Breast-Conserving Surgery
Authors: Kelly K. Hunt, Aysegul A. Sahin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Article Tools ONCOLOGY GRAND ROUNDS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2013.54.8388 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print March 31, 2014 PMID: 24687821 Too Much, Too Little, or Just Right? Tumor Margins in Women Undergoing Breast-Conserving Surgery Kelly K. HuntxKelly K. HuntSearch for articles by this author , Aysegul A. SahinxAysegul A. SahinSearch for articles by this author Show More The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2013.54.8388 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2014 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Size-Fractionated Particle Number Concentrations and Daily Mortality in a Chinese City
Authors: Xia Meng, Yanjun Ma, Renjie Chen, Zhijun Zhou, Bingheng Chen, Haidong Kan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Associations between airborne particles and health outcomes have been documented worldwide; however, there is limited information regarding health effects associated with different particle sizes.We explored the association between size-fractionated particle number concentrations (PNCs) and daily mortality in Shenyang, China.We collected daily data on cause-specific mortality and PNCs for particles measuring 0.25-10 μm in diameter between 1 December 2006 and 30 November 2008. We used quasi-Poisson regression generalized additive models to estimate associations between PNCs and mortality, and we used natural spline smoothing functions to adjust for time-varying covariates and long-term and seasonal trends.Mean numbers of daily deaths were 67, 32, and 7 for all natural causes, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases, respectively. Interquartile range (IQR) increases in PNCs for particles measuring 0.25-0.50 μm were significantly associated with total and cardiovascular mortality, but not respiratory mortality. Effect estimates were larger for PNCs during the warm season than the cool season, and increased with decreasing particle size. IQR increases in PNCs of 0.25-0.28 μm, 0.35-0.40 μm, and 0.45-0.50 μm particles were associated with 2.41% (95% CI: 1.23, 3.58%), 1.31% (95% CI: 0.52, 2.09%), and 0.45% (95% CI: 0.04, 0.87%) higher total mortality, respectively. Associations were generally stable after adjustment for mass concentrations of ambient particles and gaseous pollutants.Our findings suggest that particles < 0.5 μm in diameter may be most responsible for adverse health effects of particulate air pollution and that adverse health effects may increase with decreasing particle size.
Benign Diffuse Breast Hyperplasia during Pregnancy
Authors: Shikha Pasrija, Nayantara Sharma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 24-year-old woman, para 2, who was 36 weeks pregnant, presented with massive diffuse enlargement of both breasts, which had progressed since conception (Panel A). There had been no such enlargement during her earlier pregnancies. Multiple cutaneous ulcerations occurred as a result of the rapid enlargement of the breasts over a period of 4 to 5 months. The breasts were normal on ultrasonography. Fine-needle aspiration revealed hyperplasia of the mammary glands that was consistent with pregnancy (Panel B), with no evidence of fibrosis or cancer. Supportive treatment was given until delivery at 38 weeks of gestation. The patient did not . . .
Diastolic properties of the left ventricle in normal adults and in patients with third heart sounds.
Authors: F Van de Werf, A Boel, J Geboers, J Minten, J Willems, H De Geest, H Kesteloot
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To explore the pathogenesis of the third heart sound (S3), left ventricular hemodynamics in early diastole were studied during catheterization in normal adults without S3S (group I, n = 12) and in cardiac patients with S3S as the result of severe mitral regurgitation (group II, n = 11), dilated cardiomyopathy (group III, n = 24) or restricted left ventricular filling (group IV, n = 4). The height and steepness of the rise in left ventricular pressure after minimum diastolic pressure (the so-called rapid filling wave), maximum dV/dt, and the time constant of fall in isovolumetric pressure were measured. The completeness of relaxation was evaluated from the number of time constants elapsed at the time of minimum diastolic pressure. Pressure-volume data were fitted to simple elastic and viscoelastic models incorporating inflow rate into the equation. In all patients with S3S a significantly higher and steeper rapid filling wave was found than in normal adults. Maximum dV/dt was significantly greater in group II (1084.9 +/- 416 ml/sec; mean +/- SD) than in the other groups (463.9 +/- 177.1 ml/sec in group I, 448.8 +/- 134.0 ml/sec in group III, and 709.9 +/- 226.8 ml/sec in group IV). No significant differences in left ventricular chamber elastic properties in the different groups were found. However, intrapatient comparisons of the results of the use of elastic and viscoelastic equations revealed a significantly better curve fit (r = .930 vs .968, p less than .005) and a much higher viscous constant for group III. Similar results were found in group IV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Heat shock protein 70-associated peptides elicit specific cancer immunity.
Authors: H Udono, P K Srivastava
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Vaccination of mice with heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) preparations derived from the Meth A sarcoma, but not from normal tissues, renders the mice immune to a substantial challenge with Meth A sarcoma. The immunogenicity is dose dependent and tumor specific. Treatment of an antigenically active hsp70 preparation with ATP followed by removal of low-molecular weight material leaves hsp70 intact, as judged by SDS-PAGE but results in loss of antigenicity, as judged by tumor rejection assays. Separation of this low-molecular weight material on a C18 reverse-phase column shows a diverse array of peptides with molecular mass between 1,000 and 5,000 daltons. Our data indicate that antigenicity of hsp70 preparations derives, not from hsp70 per se, but from associated peptides. These observations may suggest a novel method of using the peptide-binding property of hsp70 for specific vaccination against cancer and infectious diseases.
Interhemispheric Transfer Deficit in Alexithymia: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Authors: Vincenzo Romei, Luigi De Gennaro, Fabiana Fratello, Giuseppe Curcio, Michele Ferrara, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Mario Bertini
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

A deficit in interhemispheric transfer was hypothesized in alexithymia more than 30 years ago, following the observation that split-brain patients manifest certain alexithymic characteristics. However, direct evidence of interhemispheric transfer deficit has never been provided. This study investigated the hypothesis of a transcallosal interhemispheric transfer deficit in alexithymia by means of paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation.A random sample of 300 students was screened for alexithymia using the Italian version of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Eight right-handed males and eight females with high alexithymic scores and an age- and gender-matched group with low alexithymic scores were selected. A first (conditioning) magnetic stimulus was delivered to one motor cortex followed by a second (test) stimulus to the opposite hemisphere at different interstimulus intervals for both motor cortices. Motor evoked responses were recorded from the abductor digit minimi muscles.High alexithymic subjects showed reduced transcallosal inhibition as compared to low alexithymic subjects at interstimulus intervals of 10, 12 and 14 ms in the left-to-right and right-to-left interhemispheric transfer directions.Results point to functional differences in transcallosal interactions in high alexithymic as compared to low alexithymic subjects, supporting the hypothesis of an interhemispheric transfer deficit in alexithymia.
The Marihuana Conviction: A History of Marihuana Prohibition in the United States
Authors: Steven Zalcman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This book by two professors at the University of Virginia School of Law is described on its dust jacket as "the first full-scale history of marihuana use and prohibition in the United States." This may be a bit of publisher's hyperbole, but the authors do present a comprehensive and objective treatise on the subject. As befits their training and background, their approach is basically sociocultural. They trace the evolution of marihuana use in the United States during this century, describe society's reaction to introduction of this agent, and examine the impact of this reaction on subsequent legislation. They also examine the more recent contributions from the scientific community and try to assess their effects on public policy. They conclude that governmental policy concerning psychoactive drugs in general, and marihuana in particular, is chiefly the result of political, economic and cultural factors; science and philosophy, in their view, have exerted little
Development of multilineage adult hematopoiesis in the zebrafish with a runx1 truncation mutation
Authors: Raman Sood, Milton A. English, Christiane L. Belele, Hao Jin, Kevin Bishop, Rebecca Haskins, Mary Cathleen McKinney, Jagman Chahal, Brant M. Weinstein, Zilong Wen, P. Paul Liu
Journal: Blood (2010)
DEPRESSION AND NEUROHORMONAL MODULATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TREATMENT FOR CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: RANDOMIZED EVALUATION OF STRATEGIES FOR LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION SUBSTUDY
Authors: Ramya Raghavan, Fei Yuan, Francois Lesperance, Jean Rouleau, Robert McKelvie, Catherine Demers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)