tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hair analysis does not support hypothesized arsenic and chromium exposure from drinking water in Woburn, Massachusetts.
Authors: C E Rogers, A V Tomita, P R Trowbridge, J K Gone, J Chen, P Zeeb, H F Hemond, W G Thilly, I Olmez, J L Durant
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

We hypothesized that residents of Woburn, Massachusetts, had been exposed to as much as 70 microg/l of arsenic (As) and 240 microg/l of chromium (Cr) in drinking water from municipal supply wells G and H. To test this hypothesis, we measured the concentrations of As and Cr in 82 hair samples donated by 56 Woburn residents. Thirty-six samples were cut between 1964 and 1979, the period during which wells G and H were in operation. The remainder were cut either before 1964 (1938-1963; n = 26) or after 1979 (1982-1994; n = 20). Washed hair samples were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation. Exposure to the well water--measured as access--was estimated using well pumping records and a model of the Woburn water distribution system. Our results show that access to wells G and H water was not significantly correlated (95% confidence interval) with As and Cr concentrations measured in the hair of Woburn residents, but As concentrations have declined significantly over the last half century. Linear regression of As concentrations (micrograms per gram) upon year of hair cut and access to wells G and H water yielded a standard coefficient for year of -0. 0074 +/- 0.0017 (standard error; p = 2.5 -multiple- 10(-5)) and -0.12 +/- 0.10 (p = 0.22) for access. The r2 value for the model was 0.19. The geometric mean concentrations (geometric standard deviation) of As and Cr in the hair of residents who had access (i.e., relative access estimate >0) to wells G and H water (n = 27) were 0.14 (2.6) and 2.29 (1.8) microg/g, respectively; the geometric mean concentrations of As and Cr in all of the hair samples from residents who did not have access (1938-1994; n = 55) were 0.13 (3.0) and 2.19 (2.0) microg/g, respectively.
Immunoblastic Sarcoma in Donor Cells after Bone-Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Thomas C. Gossett, Robert P. Gale, Heidi Fleischman, Garth E. Austin, Robert S. Sparkes, Clive R. Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

THE pathogenesis of lymphomas in man is unknown. A variety of factors are associated with lymphoma induction in animals, including immuno-suppression, immune stimulation, autoimmunity, loss of suppressor T-lymphocyte function, retravirus infection, drugs and irradiation.1 2 3 Recently several workers have reported an association between graft-vs.-host disease, activation of endogenous C-type RNA viruses, autoimmunity and lymphomas in susceptible mice.4 , 5 In man, a spectrum of immune-related disorders have been associated with malignant lymphomas. These diseases include Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and various other autoimmune disorders. Furthermore, in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, recipients of renal transplants, there is a marked increase . . .
Abstract 2956: c-FLIP (L) dual function in cervical cancer.
Authors: Carmen G. Ili, Priscilla Brebi, Alejandra Andana, Patricia Garcia, Pamela Leal, Oscar Tapia, Tamara Viscarra, Helga Weber, Juan Roa
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) is a caspasa-8/10 homolog catalytically inactive that interferes with the efficient formation of DISC. There are three isoforms of this protein: c-FLIPL (long) of 55kDa, c-FLIPS (short) of 26kDa y c-FLIPR (Raji) of 24kDa. c-FLIPS and c-FLIPR functions have been well established: both can block extrinsic pathway of apoptosis by inhibiting procaspasa-8 activation in DISC. However, c-FLIPL function still remains unclear. When c-FLIPL is overexpressed, as in some cancers, has an anti-apoptotic function very similar to c-FLIPS, but also can be a proapoptotic molecule at low concentrations. The aim of this study is to characterize c-FLIP functions in cervical uterine carcinogenesis. Three cervical cancer cell lines were used in this study: SiHa, C-4I and C-33A. c-FLIP expression in cell lines was determined by real time PCR and western blottting. c-FLIP expression was transiently downregulated by siRNA and the silencing effects on cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis were analysed, by comparing with a control negative siRNA-transfected cells. Using MTS analysis, SiHa and C4I c-FLIP transfected cells showed a increment of viability compared with scramble, since 24 hours after transfection in C 4I and 72 hours in SiHa (P&amp;lt;0.05), while C-33A cells do not show differences. Ki-67 immunocitochemestry was performed to evaluate proliferation in cervical cell lines. Statistical differences were found between SiHa and C 4I c-FLIP transfected cells compared with scramble (P&amp;lt;0.05). All three c-FLIP transfected cell lines showed a higher level of apoptosis than scramble control (P&amp;lt;0.05), using a TUNEL-based analyzed performed by flow cytometry. Our results suggest that c-FLIPL could be having a dual function in cervical cancer cell lines, both inhibiting proliferation and apoptosis. Grant Support: This investigation was financed by Proyect CORFO-INNOVA N°07CN13PBT-222 and Proyect CORFO N° 09CN14-5960 (CEGIN). CI is recipient of grants from FONDECYT Postdoctoral Proyect N° 3130630. PB is recipient of grants from FONDECYT Postdoctoral Proyect N° 3120141 Citation Format: Carmen G. Ili, Priscilla Brebi, Alejandra Andana, Patricia Garcia, Pamela Leal, Oscar Tapia, Tamara Viscarra, Helga Weber, Juan Roa. c-FLIP (L) dual function in cervical cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2956. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2956 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
"What is a General Internist?"
Authors: ALVIN R. TARLOV
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 June 1974"What is a General Internist?"ALVIN R. TARLOV, M.D.ALVIN R. TARLOV, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-6-780 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The Department of Medicine at the University of Chicago has long been organized into subspecialty sections (10, at present) each having separate outpatient units, and 8 of the 10 having separate inpatient units as well. In 1970, while retaining and further strengthening the subspecialty groups, we developed a 66-bed General Medical Service. In the following year a large (14 000 visits yearly) General Medical Out-Patient Unit was formed. Then, more recently, we developed a General Internal Medicine Section, with six faculty members specifically committed to it, and soon we will have a General Internal Medicine Fellowship Program.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine University of Chicago 950 East 59th St. Chicago, Illinois 60637 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1974Volume 80, Issue 6Page: 780-781KeywordsFellowshipsInpatientsMedical servicesOutpatientsSub-specialty care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of white light and narrow band high definition images in predicting colon polyp histology, using standard colonoscopes without optical magnification
Authors: S. Sikka, D. Ringold, S. Jonnalagadda, B. Banerjee
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

See also: Commentaire de travail de S. Sikka et al., pp. 818Endoscopy 2008; 40(10): 971-971DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306881
Antisecretory drugs and gastric cancer.
Authors: M J Langman
Journal: BMJ (1985)

increased y-glutamyltransferase activities (three quarters of whom were hazardous drinkers), and this test is under evaluation as a tool for further investigation, treatment, and control of high alcohol consumption.26In conclusion, commonly available laboratory markers, either individually or in combination, are not effective screening tests for detecting hazardous drinking but do identify those subjects whose alcohol consumption is producing possibly harmful metabolic changes.Further studies are needed to evaluate the place of other promising biological markers such as red blood cell aldehyde dehydro- genase activity,27 serum desialotransferrin,28 and serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase activity.29
Atypical antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with perinuclear fluorescence in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases and hepatobiliary disorders colocalize with nuclear lamina proteins
Authors: Birgit Terjung, Volker Herzog, Howard J. Worman, Ingo Gestmann, Christoph Bauer, Tilman Sauerbruch, Ulrich Spengler
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are frequently associated with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and hepatobiliary disorders. However, their target antigens have not been identified yet. Recently, we observed an atypical perinuclear ANCA fluorescence (p-ANCA) together with an intranuclear staining using ANCA-positive sera from patients with IBD and hepatobiliary disorders. This observation suggests that the target antigens are localized within the nucleus of neutrophilic granulocytes. To further investigate this hypothesis, we examined sera from patients with ulcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis or systemic vasculitis on ethanol or formaldehyde-fixed neutrophils using confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. Counterstaining with propidium iodide, a DNA-specific dye, showed that ANCA-positive sera in IBD and heptobiliary disorders react with intranuclear antigens at the nuclear periphery of the neutrophils. Double immunolabeling techniques revealed that nuclear lamina proteins, lamins A, C and B1, and lamin B receptor were colocalized with the antigen(s) recognized by atypical p-ANCA. No colocalization was observed with classical p-ANCA and antibodies against histones (H1-H4). Our study showed that atypical p-ANCA are antinuclear antibodies reactive with granulocyte-specific antigens present in the nuclear lamina.
A new method for assessing left atrial systolic function during isovolumetric atrial contraction in the intact heart: an animal study
Authors: Erwan Donal, Hirotsugu Yamada, Neil L. Greenberg, Deborah A. Agler, Zouhua Zhang, Shaowei Zhuang, Don W. Wallick, James D. Thomas, Leonardo Rodriguez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Association Between Dedicated Rural Training Year and the Likelihood of Becoming a General Surgeon in a Small Town
Authors: Karen Deveney, Mark Deatherage, David Oehling, John Hunter
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Although projections of surgical workforce predict an increased need for general surgeons, especially in rural areas, graduates of residency programs increasingly enter urban or metropolitan specialty practice.To determine whether fourth-year residents at a hospital in a rural setting were more likely to enter general surgery practice than a specialty.In 2002, we initiated a year-long program for fourth-year residents. The records of all surgical residents (n = 70) who completed our general surgical residency and entered practice since the rural rotation began were divided into those completing the rural surgery program (rural) and those who did not (other). Demographic characteristics of the 2 groups and initial intent to practice rural general surgery were compared. Critical end points included completion of a fellowship, general surgery practice, and practice setting population of less than 50,000. As an additional control group, we compared these residents with those who completed residency just before our rural program began (1993-2002) with regard to fellowship and practice characteristics.Age, sex, and initial practice plans.Age, sex, and initial practice plans of the 2 groups did not differ. Residents who completed the rural year were more likely to enter general surgery practice (10 of 11 [91%]) than those who did not (28 of 59 [47%]; P = .009). They were also more likely to practice in a site of population less than 50,000 (4 of 11 [36%] vs 4 of 59 [7%]; P = .02). The practice type and fellowship completion rate of the residents who finished all training years at Oregon Health and Science University during 1993-2002 and 2003-2012 did not differ. Most residents who completed the rural year (6 of 11 [55%]) entered residency with a desire to practice general surgery. All of them are practicing general surgery. Of the residents who entered training with a specialty career in mind, 4 of 5 (80%) who completed the rural year are practicing general surgery, while only 13 of 45 (29%) who stayed at our university program for the entire 5 years are in general surgery practice (P = .04).Providing residents a dedicated and significant experience in a rural setting increases the likelihood that they will practice general surgery in a similar setting despite initial specialty plans. Implementing such programs might help alleviate the increasing gap in workforce needs of small towns and rural hospitals.
416 CONSERVED PEPTIDES REDUCE VIRAL LOADS IN CHRONIC PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HCV GENOTYPE 4 WHO DID NOT RESPOND TO IFN/RBV TREATMENT
Authors: M.K. ElAwady, M.A. El Guindy, A.R. Zayadi, K. Atef, R. El Shenawy, N.G. Badr El Din, Y. El Abd, A.A. Tabll, T. Hussein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Immunoglobulin classes of DNA binding activity in serum and skin in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: J B Pennebaker, J N Gilliam, M Ziff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

36 systemic lupus erythematosus patients with native DNA binding activity (nDNA-BA) in the serum and subepidermal immunoglobulin deposits were studied to determine the relationship of the immunoglobulin (Ig) class distribution of serum nDNA-BA to the clinical characteristics of their disease and to the Ig class present at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ). The patients with predominantly (86-98%) IgM nDNA-BA in the serum had less active disease, mild or no renal involvement, and longer survival than those with predominantly (51-95%) IgG nDNA-BA in the serum. Renal biopsies in eight patients with predominantly IgM nDNA-BA in the serum showed relatively benign histologic changes in the kidney. In contrast, renal tissue from 23 patients with predominantly IgG nDNA-BA showed more severe histologic changes. All patients had multiple skin biopsies. Patients with predominantly IgM nDNA-BA consistently had only IgM at the DEJ. Patients with predominantly IgG nDNA-BA had IgG, usually in association with IgM, at the DEJ. The findings demonstrate that a minority of systemic lupus erythematosus patients may exhibit a limited anti-nDNA response characterized by the presence of chiefly IgM nDNA-BA in the serum and that this is reflected by the presence of mild disease and IgM alone at the DEJ. The development of IgG nDNA-BA is associated with more severe and active disease.
Nonrandom location of IS1 elements in the genomes of natural isolates of Escherichia coli
Authors: E. F. Boyd, D. L. Hartl
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

We have studied the spatial distribution of IS1 elements in the genomes of natural isolates comprising the ECOR reference collection of Escherichia coli. We find evidence for nonrandomness at three levels. Many pairs of IS1 elements are in much closer proximity (< 10 kb) than can be accounted for by chance. IS1 elements in close proximity were identified by long-range PCR amplification of the genomic sequence between them. Each amplified region was sequenced and its map location determined by database screening of DNA hybridization. Among the ECOR strains with at least two IS1 elements, 54% had one or more pairs of elements separated by < 10 kb. We propose that this type of clustering is a result of "local hopping," in which we assume that a significant proportion of tranposition events leads to the insertion of a daughter IS element in the vicinity of the parental element. A second level of nonrandomness is found in strains with a modest number of IS1 elements that are mapped through the use of inverse PCR to amplify flanking genomic sequences: in these strains, the insertion sites tend to be clustered over a smaller region of chromosome than would be expected by chance. A third level of nonrandomness is observed in the composite distribution of IS elements across strains: among 20 mapped IS1 elements, none were found in the region of 48-77 minutes, a significant gap. One region of the E. coli chromosome, at 98 min, had a cluster of IS1 elements in seven ECOR strains of diverse phylogenetic origin. We deduce from sequence analysis that this pattern of distribution is a result of initial insertion in the most recent common ancestor of these strains and therefore not a hot spot of insertion. Analysis using long-range PCR with primers for IS2 and IS3 also yielded pairs of elements in close proximity, suggesting that these elements may also occasionally transpose by local hopping.
Chronic constipation in elderly patients.
Authors: D J Mack, L Erwin, J D Fulton
Journal: BMJ (1993)

the former Yugoslavia-and particularly besieged areas-to offer help with the specific surgical and medical problems.Humanitarian Aid with Medical Deployment is now organising specialist surgical teams to visit Bosnia for periods of seven days to work on specific problems such as nerve injuries, joint contractures, and complex fractures that have failed to unite.This plan should be pursued during the winter months and volunteers, either individuals or teams, are very welcome.Professor Dudley was told in Vietnam that his teams would "be remembered in the marketplace," and we can assure any volunteer that this was exactly our experience in Bosnia.Volunteers should not expect to make a large contribution, but they will inestimably raise the morale of the local medical professionals and their patients.
Acute geriatric medicine
Authors: O M P Jolobe
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Chlorpromazine, amylobarbitone sodium, and haloperidol, as mentioned by Dr Short, may be use- ful but I was surprised to find no mention of droperidol.This can be given intramuscularly, or orally, in a dose of 5-10 mg and produces a calming effect without sedation within a few minutes.It is also safe in patients suffering from epilepsy.Another useful standby is paraldehyde (5-10 ml intra- muscularly or orally), which in spite of its pene- trating smell is safe, effective, and rapidly acting.If no more than 5 ml is given at any one injection site it is unlikely to produce sterile abscesses.Some of the more modern plastic syringes do not appear to be affected by paraldehyde, but it is wise to check this first.
Sustained Virological Response to Treatment in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Patrick Maisonneuve, Savino Bruno
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Mr Maisonneuve and Dr Bruno raise the possibility that the association between SVR and reduced occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic HCV infection and advanced hepatic fibrosis in our analyses could be confounded by HCV genotype or subtype.
Validation of a Doppler guide wire for intravascular measurement of coronary artery flow velocity.
Authors: J W Doucette, P D Corl, H M Payne, A E Flynn, M Goto, M Nassi, J Segal
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND An improved intravascular ultrasonic Doppler device could aid the clinical assessment of coronary hemodynamics. We evaluated a new device consisting of a 12-MHz piezoelectric transducer integrated onto the tip of a 0.018-in. flexible, steerable angioplasty guide wire. METHODS AND RESULTS Doppler spectra were recorded in model tubes with pulsatile blood flow and in-line electromagnetic flowmeter. In four straight tubes (i.d., 0.79-4.76 mm), the time average of spectral peak velocity (APV) was linearly related to blood flow (QEMF) (r2 greater than or equal to 0.98 for each tube). A Doppler-derived quantitative flow estimate (QD) was calculated as the product of vessel cross-sectional area and mean velocity, with mean velocity estimated as 0.5 x APV. The slope of QD versus QEMF for the four tubes was near unity. APV was less accurate in a 7.94-mm straight tube and in tortuous segments. In four dogs, the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) was perfused from the femoral artery via a cannula with in-line electromagnetic flowmeter. Good-quality signals were obtained in proximal and distal LCx vessels 3.3-1.2 mm in diameter. APV varied linearly with QEMF (r2 greater than or equal to 0.99 in the cannula, r2 = 0.93-0.99 in proximal LCx, and r2 = 0.86-0.99 in distal LCx). QD was calculated by quantitative angiography to determine proximal LCx diameter. For all dogs combined, the slope of QD versus QEMF was 0.95 in the cannula and 0.85 in the proximal LCx. CONCLUSIONS The Doppler guide wire measures phasic flow velocity patterns and linearly tracks changes in flow rate in small, straight coronary arteries. It should facilitate measurement of phasic coronary flow velocity during coronary angiography and angioplasty.
Laparoendoscopic Single-site Partial Nephrectomy: A Multi-institutional Outcome Analysis
Authors: Francesco Greco, Riccardo Autorino, Koon H. Rha, Ithaar Derweesh, Luca Cindolo, Lee Richstone, Thomas R.W. Herrmann, Evangelos Liatsikos, Yinghao Sun, Caterina Fanizza, Udo Nagele, Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg, Soroush Rais-Bahrami, Michael A. Liss, Luigi Schips, Ahmad Kassab, Linhui Wang, Panagiotis Kallidonis, Zhenjie Wu, Shin Tae Young, Nasreldin Mohammed, Georges-Pascal Haber, Christopher Springer, Paolo Fornara, Jihad H. Kaouk
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Intrauterine Transfusion by the Multiple-Needle Technique
Authors: John T. Queenan
Journal: JAMA (1966)

IN 1963, LILEY reported the first successful intrauterine transfusion of a fetus with severe erythroblastosis fetalis.<sup>1</sup>Instillation of Rh-negative erythrocytes into the fetal peritoneal cavity enabled the fetus to survive long enough to permit a preterm viable delivery. The patient was a 32-year-old woman with a history of intrauterine transfusions done at 32 weeks and one day, and again at 33 weeks and four days. An amniogram outlined the placenta and showed no evidence of fetal edema. Five hours later, premedication was administered and the patient was transferred to the x-ray department. Paper clips were placed at sites on the maternal abdomen estimated to correspond to the fetal peritoneal cavity as determined roentgenographically by swallowed radiopaque medium. With the patient under local anesthesia, an 8-cm Touhy needle was inserted into the amniotic cavity and the stylet was withdrawn. Sterile saline was injected through the needle as it was advanced