tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New Perspectives in Training for Maximum Performance
Authors: John A. Faulkner
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Chronological plots of world records in track, field, and swimming events provide evidence of irregular but consistent increases in the performance capacity of man. The new records reflect a complex interaction between improvements in sports equipment, technique, training, and changes in social and nutritional influences. Data are now available to evaluate the long-term effects of training in terms of neuromuscular control, mitochondrial activity, and contractile speed and strength, as well as in terms of the total body responses of ventilation, circulation, and thermal exchange. However, the training of athletes continues to be more of an art than a science and training programs are evaluated empirically by the success of the athletes and coaches using them. In this paper, appropriate physiological data on athletes and animals will be used to evaluate current training practices and to suggest new perspectives for training the athlete. <h3>Training Theories</h3> Three theories provide the fundamental basis
Allergy to date fruits: characterization of antigens and allergens of fruits of the date palm (<i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> L.)
Authors: A.A.A. Kwaasi, R.S. Parhar, S.T. Al‐Sedairy, K.S. Collison, F.A. Al‐Mohanna, H.A. Harfi, R.C. Panzani
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Date-palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits are eaten daily by most inhabitants of the Middle East and the neighboring countries. Recent reports have indicated that dates are allergenic. This study aimed to investigate the antigenic and allergenic potential of date fruits.Date-fruit extracts from eight cultivars were evaluated in skin prick tests (SPT) in an atopic population, used to produce antisera, analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and fractionated by gel-filtration chromatography. Sera from SPT-positive individuals were evaluated by ELISA and RAST, and in anti-igE immunoblot experiments.About 13% of patients were SPT-positive for at least two extracts. SDS-PAGE of whole extracts revealed 15-18 protein bands of 6.5->100 kDa, and Sephacryl S-200 fractions gave distinct peptide bands. RAST and anti-IgE ELISA gave a range of positive results, which could be abrogated when sera were preabsorbed with fruit extracts. IgE immunoblots of different extracts with pooled positive sera revealed different anti-IgE-binding immunoprints. All the positive sera from fruit-allergic and pollen-allergic individuals bound strongly to two anti-IgE reactive bands of 6.5 to 12-14 kDa and 28-33 kDa, respectively, and about 50% of sera bound to a 54-58-kDa band.These results strongly indicate that 1) date-palm fruit is a potent allergen 2) sera from fruit-allergic as well as pollen-allergic patients recognize common fruit-specific epitopes 3) there is heterogeneity in patient responses to the different extracts.
CARCINOMA OF THE FEMALE URETHRA
Authors: J. Hartwell Harrison
Journal: JAMA (1966)

So rare is carcinoma of the female urethra that even the urologist, over a period of 30 to 40 years, will probably see no more than half a dozen or so of these tumors. In fact, as Grabstald and his associates report elsewhere in this issue (p 835), during a period of 40 years only 79 patients with cancer of the urethra were seen at the Memorial Hospital for Cancer and Allied Diseases. Few physicians will have the opportunity of studying such a large series.  Fifty-nine of the 79 women had epidermoid Carcinoma, suggesting a possible progression through a stage of squamous metaplasia based on chronic inflammation, suppuration, or hormonal changes. The large majority of these tumors were found in women after the menopause. It is also interesting that carcinoma of the female urinary bladder is seldom seen during the reproductive years. This certainly suggests a possible endocrine background for
Case of Coronary Occlusion With Complete Heart Block
Authors: LOUIS H. SIGLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 April 1928Case of Coronary Occlusion With Complete Heart BlockInteresting Electrocardiographic FindingsLOUIS H. SIGLER, M.D.LOUIS H. SIGLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-10-835 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere are several features in the following case which make it of sufficient interest to be put on record. The correlation between certain of the electrocardiographic findings and the clinical manifestations; the resemblance of such findings to those of experimental production of coronary closure, as reported by some workers; and, their occurrence in a pulseless individual, with heart sounds practically inaudible, are all factors worthy of note.The case is that of a Hebrew, male, 70 years of age, retired grocer, whose past history is essentially negative, except for "stomach complaints" for the past twenty years, consisting of constipation, occasional...References(1) SMITH FM: Ligation of coronary arteries with electrocardiographic study. Arch. Int. Med., 22: 8-27, July, 1918. Further observation of the T-wave following ligation. Arch. Int. Med., 26: 673-679, June, 1920. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(2) PARDEE HE: Electrocardiographic sign of coronary artery obstruction. Arch. Int. Med., 26: 244-257, Aug. 1920. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(3) SMITH FM: Electrocardiographic change following occlusion of the left coronary artery. Arch. Int. Med., 32: 497-599, Oct., 1923. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(4) LEWIS T: Paroxysmal tachycardia. Heart, 1: 43-72, 1909-1910. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHEART-BLOCK IN CORONARY THROMBOSIS 1 April 1928Volume 1, Issue 10Page: 835-840KeywordsConstipationElectrocardiographyHeartStomach Issue Published: 1 April 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3064: An alternative mechanism of action for paclitaxel in breast cancer
Authors: Lauren M. Zasadil, Beth A. Weaver
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Paclitaxel is a microtubule-stabilizing drug that binds to the β-tubulin subunit and accumulates in mitotic cells. As a chemotherapeutic agent, paclitaxel is used for the treatment of a variety of cancers including breast. Currently, no biomarker is available to predict which patients will benefit from paclitaxel treatment. Paclitaxel studies in cells focus primarily on relatively high concentrations of the drug, which cause cells to die following long-term mitotic arrest. The clinically relevant concentration of paclitaxel is currently unknown, although it is widely speculated to be in the low nM range. Cells exposed to low concentrations of paclitaxel complete mitosis with minimal delay, but frequently contain multipolar spindles. In chromosomally stable breast cancer cells, low concentrations of paclitaxel are sufficient to increase aneuploidy within two days of exposure. These data suggest that the mechanism of cell death due to low dose paclitaxel is likely to be quite different from the mechanism of cell death caused by high dose paclitaxel. They also predict that chromosomally instable (CIN) cells may be more sensitive to cell death caused by low doses of paclitaxel. CIN cells have an existing level of chromosomal missegregation, which is likely to be exacerbated by treatment with low doses of paclitaxel. Since missegregation of large numbers of chromosomes per division causes rapid cell death, these cells may be more likely to die after low dose paclitaxel treatment as a result of losing both copies of a vital chromosome. Chromosomally stable cells, which do not normally missegregate chromosomes with each division, would be more resistant to death following paclitaxel treatment than CIN cells. These data suggest that CIN may be used as a biomarker to determine which tumors are most likely to be sensitive to treatment with clinically relevant concentrations of paclitaxel. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3064. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3064
Origins, Treatment and Destiny of Skid-Row Alcoholic Men
Authors: David J. Myerson, Joseph Mayer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THIS paper reports a ten-year-follow-up study of a group of indigent alcoholic men. In 1950 we established a work-oriented halfway-house program for their rehabilitation at the Boston Long Island Hospital.1 In 1956 we evaluated 101 patients who had volunteered for this program four years previously.2 In 1962 we re-evaluated this treatment group. For comparison, we made an extensive record search not only of these 101 patients but of an additional 108 skid-row alcoholics who entered the Hospital in 1952 but who, for one reason or another, never applied for the halfway-house treatment program. This record search consisted of gathering data . . .
Protective effects of complement blockade in an isograft model of lung preservation and transplantation
Authors: Yoshifumi Naka, Dilip K. Roy, Henry C. Marsh, Susanne M. Scesney, Una S. Ryan, David M. Stern, Hui Liao, Robert E. Michler, Mehmet C. Oz, David J. Pinsky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Lysosomal Cathepsin B Participates in the Podosome-Mediated Extracellular Matrix Degradation and Invasion via Secreted Lysosomes in v-Src Fibroblasts
Authors: Chun Tu, Cesar F. Ortega-Cava, Gengsheng Chen, Norvin D. Fernandes, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Bonnie F. Sloane, Vimla Band, Hamid Band
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Podosomes mediate cell migration and invasion by coordinating the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton and focal matrix degradation. MMP and serine proteases have been found to function at podosomes. The lysosomal cysteine cathepsins, a third major class of matrix-degrading enzymes involved in tumor invasion and tissue remodeling, have yet to be linked to podosomes with the exception of cathepsin K in osteoclasts. Using inhibitors and shRNA-mediated depletion, we show that cathepsin B participates in podosomes-mediated focal matrix degradation and invasion in v-Src-transformed fibroblasts. We observed that lysosomal marker LAMP-1 localized at the center of podosome rosettes protruding into extracellular matrix using confocal microscopy. Time-lapse live-cell imaging revealed that lysosomal vesicles moved to and fused with podosomes. Disruption of lysosomal pH gradient with Bafilomycin A1, chloroquine, or ammonium chloride greatly enhanced the formation of podosomes and increased the matrix degradation. Live-cell imaging showed that actin structures, induced shortly after Bafilomycin A1 treatment, were closely associated with lysosomes. Overall, our results suggest that cathepsin B, delivered by lysosomal vesicles, is involved in the matrix degradtion of podosomes.
Transsexualism and Sex Reassignment
Authors: Virginia A. Sadock
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This book, edited by an obstetrician-gynecologist and a psychiatrist, is an interesting introduction to transsexualism. The editors and 17 contributors all are Australian and represent a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of the problem. The writers are clearly in favor of surgical gender reassignment for carefully selected patients. However, they mention opposing schools of thought, including those who see transsexuals as suffering from a delusion and surgery as complying with the psychosis and those who see transsexualism as a defense
The Management of Pneumonias in Immunocompromised Patients
Authors: Henry Masur
Journal: JAMA (1985)

LIFE-THREATENING disease can develop in immunosuppressed patients due to a myriad of potential pathogens causing disease in virtually any organ system in the body. The prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these infectious processes are essential to limiting their extent and duration and are vital to the prolongation of these patients' lives. Pneumonia is a particularly important cause of life-threatening infection in these populations because it is so frequent, because specific diagnoses can be established in a high percentage of cases, and because specific effective therapy is available for many of these diagnostic possibilities. Thus, the diagnosis and management of pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients are essential skills for any physician who deals with this patient population. During the last decade, a number of important developments regarding pneumonitis have occurred: the range of recognized pulmonary pathogens has expanded, progress has been made in developing new noninvasive and invasive diagnostic techniques, and
Treatment of Elbow Lesions: New Aspects in Diagnosis and Surgical Techniques
Authors: Young Kwon
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erythrocyte Sodium-Lithium Countertransport Activity as a Marker of Predisposition to Hypertension and Diabetic Nephropathy in NIDDM
Authors: Jun Fujita, Kinsuke Tsuda, Michiyo Seno, Hiroshi Obayashi, Iwao Fukui, Yutaka Seino
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

To evaluate the potentiality of erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport activity (SLC) as a marker of predisposition to hypertension and diabetic nephropathy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).We examined 96 patients with NIDDM and 26 healthy control subjects. SLC and other data were compared among subgroups of the patients classified on the basis of hypertension, family history of hypertension, and stages of nephropathy. Data were also analyzed by stepwise multiple regression analyses.SLC was significantly higher in patients with hypertension than in those with normotension and significantly higher in patients with a positive family history of hypertension than in the negative group. Further analysis revealed that a family history of hypertension has independent influence on SLC, but hypertension itself does not. SLC was significantly higher in patients with macroalbuminuria than with microalbuminuria and higher in patients with microalbuminuria than with normalbuminuria. In stepwise multiple regression analyses, a family history of hypertension was the most important determinant of SLC, and SLC was the most important determinant of nephropathy.These data suggest that SLC strongly reflects a predisposition to hypertension and that it can be a useful marker of diabetic nephropathy in NIDDM.
Matching scheme madness
Authors: Derek E Roskell
Journal: BMJ (2005)

T here is a great job advertised in the region at the moment. It rotates between this teaching hospital and a district general, where previous registrars have been well trained and enjoyed the experience. The post is open to suitably qualified applicants from all over the world—except, it seems, my excellent registrar.

He cannot apply because he is “on the scheme” already. His post rotates to a different district general hospital. He cannot apply for the job he would prefer, even though he is not due to rotate for nine months, and could easily give the statutory three months' notice. Apparently transferring within the scheme might be possible at the discretion of the postgraduate dean, but there would have to be a good personal reason to be allowed to change.

> Matching schemes must be set up so that they are not too large and so that people are not locked in 

What is a good reason? A sick child? Getting married? Living with someone? What about living with seven other people in a hippy commune? What about simple personal preference?

Should postgraduate deans and regional advisers really have to judge …
British woman is given go ahead to clarify law on assisted suicide
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Five years after a major reorganisation of England's neonatal services, large and unexplained variations between regions in mortality among neonates still exist, concludes a new report from the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee.England's 178 neonatal care units were ordered in 2003 to reorganise into 23 regional networks.But that reorganisation has failed to address discrepancies between regions; and two regions, Essex and the Northern, have still not formally merged into unified organisations after five years.In 2005 the neonatal mortality rate among babies born at more than 22 weeks' gestation varied from 1.8 deaths per 1000 live births in the Surrey and Sussex region to 4.8 in the South West Midlands.The Conservative MP Edward Leigh, who chairs the Public Accounts Committee, said that the 2003 reorganisation "has had limited effect in reducing regional variations in mortality rates of babies born prematurely or suffering an illness [and] needing specialist care."The Department of Health was unable to confirm whether these discrepancies were due to disparities in care or to demographic factors, he said.Primary care trusts, Mr Leigh added, "need to improve their understanding of the Reorganisation of neonatal service in England fails to iron out regional variation in death rates UK NEWS Regulation of alternative medicine faces more delays, p 1395 WoRld NEWS dutch doctors make advice on suicide available to public, p 1394 bmj.com Germany promises protection to hospital doctors over longer working hours
Leaky channels make weak muscles
Authors: Alfred L. George
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Mutations in the skeletal muscle voltage-gated calcium channel (CaV1.1) have been associated with hypokalemic periodic paralysis, but how the pathogenesis of this disorder relates to the functional consequences of mutations was unclear. In this issue of the JCI, Wu and colleagues recapitulate the disease by generating a novel knock-in CaV1.1 mutant mouse and use this model to investigate the cellular and molecular features of pathogenesis. They demonstrated an aberrant muscle cell current conducted through the CaV1.1 voltage-sensor domain (gating pore current) that explains an abnormally depolarized muscle membrane and the failure of muscle action potential firing during challenge with agents known to provoke periodic paralysis. Their work advances understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying an inherited channelopathy.
The Cincinnati Doctors' Forum.
Authors: John Duffy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Among the difficulties of writing the history of a local medical organization are, that the history tends to be largely biographical, and further that it must be written largely for local readers. Granting these handicaps,<i>The Cincinnati Doctors' Forum</i>, a history of The Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, dose a good job of tracing the founding and development of the organization, and a thorough job of providing thumbnail sketches of all who played a significant part in it. In the process the author has provided some intriguing glimpses into early medical practice and public health in Cincinnati. He shows, too, the lack of unity and the bitter personal quarrels which rent the medical profession in the 19th century. By 1900, however, The Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati had passed its time of troubles, and, as a strong unified organization, effectively represented the profession in Cincinnati. Dr. McGrane's book could have
Improved pain relief after thoracotomy: use of cryoprobe and morphine infusion.
Authors: I A Orr, D J Keenan, J W Dundee
Journal: BMJ (1981)

In a randomised controlled trial carried out during the first to days after thoracotomy patients who had had intercostal nerves frozen with a cryoprobe or were given morphine by continuous intravenous infusion had significant less pain at rest than patients given intramuscular morphine. Differences between the groups with respect to pain on movement and during physiotherapy were not significant. Pain was estimated using visual analogue scales, and an arc sine transformation was carried out on values obtained from these scales before comparison using an analysis of variance. The trial did not distinguish between the cryoprobe and infusion treatment. The simplicity of the cryoprobe had much to commend it, but in units without access to this equipment a small infusion pump offers a satisfactory alternative.
Lamivudine plus adefovir combination therapy for lamivudine resistance in hepatitis-B-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Jeong Han Kim, Soon Young Ko, Won Hyeok Choe, So Young Kwon, Chang Hong Lee
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2013)

Background/Aims Lamivudine (LAM) plus adefovir (ADV) combination therapy has been accepted as one of the best treatments for LAM-resistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of this combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods The medical records of CHB patients who developed LAM resistance and were treated with LAM plus ADV combination therapy for more than 6 months were reviewed. Their virological response (VR; undetectable HBV DNA) and biochemical response (BR; alanine aminotransferase normalization) were evaluated, and the findings of HCC and non-HCC patients were compared. Results The data from 104 patients (19 with HCC and 85 without HCC) were analyzed. The VR rates did not differ significantly between the HCC and non-HCC groups: 33.3% vs. 55.6% at 12 months (P=0.119), 58.3% vs. 67.2% at 24 months (P=0.742), 50% vs. 69.8% at 36 months (P=0.280), and 66.7% vs. 71.0% at 48 months (P=1.000). The BR rates also did not differ significantly between the groups: 55.6% vs. 84.0% at 12 months (P=0.021), 58.3% vs. 83.8% at 24 months (P=0.057), 70.0% vs. 77.8% at 36 months (P=0.687), and 66.7% vs. 80.6% at 48 months (P=0.591). Conclusions The efficacy of LAM plus ADV combination therapy is comparable in HCC and non-HCC patients. Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B; Lamivudine; Adefovir; Resistance; Hepatocellular carcinoma
Graham Edward Schofield
Authors: A. D. Schofield
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Graham Edward Schofield was one of a small number chosen to sit the final MBBS six months early and so graduated at the age of 21. He then became house surgeon to Professor Grey Turner at the British Postgraduate Medical School at Hammersmith Hospital for six months. 

He joined the Royal Air Force Medical Service for three years and was posted overseas on active service in Palestine during the troubles there in 1947-8, and …
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α accelerates disease progression in mouse models of leukemia and lymphoma but is not a poor prognosis factor in human AML
Authors: C E Forristal, A L Brown, F M Helwani, I G Winkler, B Nowlan, V Barbier, R J Powell, G A Engler, S M Diakiw, A C W Zannettino, S Martin, D Pattabiraman, R J D'Andrea, I D Lewis, J P Levesque
Journal: Leukemia (2015)