tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Notes on a Case of Accessory Thyroid Gland Projecting into the Mouth
Authors: C. H. McIlraith
Journal: BMJ (1894)

ACCESSORY THYROID.[DEc. 1, 189.definitely limited the infected area, which occurred in a region with faults and dislocations, in the earth's crust and profound breaks in the whole strata, while on the other side of the mountains the country is level and unfaulted.Neither overerowding of habitations nor any of the evils usually accompanying or flowing from this condition were factors in the present case, since only in four families was more than one member affected.It was quite usual for children to sleep with those who were affeced and themselves remain entirely free from the disease.No isolation was practised, nor did such precaution appear to be of the slightest value.Indeed, the brunt of the disease fell upon the purely rural portion of the community.NQ clue was discoverable in the domestic and personal hygiene of those attacked.The houses were all detached, and in most cases there was nothing in the nature of privy or cesspool.Nor had penuryv any part in the epidemic.The
Anandamide as a Marker of Human Disease
Authors: Mauro Maccarrone
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
UK charities to train African midwives in emergency obstetric surgery
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Midwives in Liberia and the Gambia will be trained to do emergency obstetric surgery, including caesarean sections, and nurses will be taught to act as anaesthetists, under a new initiative from three UK based international medical charities.

The move aims to tackle a severe shortage of doctors in the two sub-Saharan African countries and to cut numbers of women and babies dying or having complications in childbirth.

The charities, Maternal and Childhealth Advocacy …
SP0011 Complement Activation and Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: J. Salmon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> Pregnancy complications in women with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and/or SLE include recurrent miscarriage, preeclampsia, placental insufficiency, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The mechanisms leading to placental and fetal injury in vivo are incompletely understood and treatment remains sub-optimal. We have identified complement as an early effector in pregnancy loss and/or IUGR associated with placental inflammation in a mouse model of APS and shown that complement activation drives angiogenic imbalance, placental insufficiency and endothelial injury. In vivo murine studies also implicate activation of the classical complement pathway in thrombosis associated with APS. Activation of complement by antiphospholipid(aPL) autoantibodies generates C5a, which binds and activates neutrophils and endothelial cells. On the basis of murine studies, C3 and C5 have been proposed as possible therapeutic targets for treating obstetrical APS syndrome and case reports document the use of the C5 inhibitor eculizumab in patients with acute catastrophic APS. The <b>PROMISSE Study</b> (<b>P</b>redictors of p<b>R</b>egnancy <b>O</b>utcome: bio<b>M</b>arkers <b>I</b>n antiphospholipid antibody <b>S</b>yndrome and <b>S</b>ystemic lupus <b>E</b>rythematosus) is a first-time effort to translate our novel findings in mice to humans and determine examine the role of complement as a mediator of complications in patients with aPL antibodies and/or SLE. The following discoveries from PROMISSE will be summarized (1) Activation of complement early in pregnancy can be detected in the blood of women destined to have preeclampsia and (2) Mutations in complement pathway genes that lead to uncontrolled complement activation are associated with preeclampsia in pregnant patients with SLE and/or aPL antibodies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> J. Salmon Grant/research support from: Hoffmann La Roche, Consultant for: Alexion, Novartis
PARAVERTEBRAL ANESTHESIA IN ACUTE SUPPURATIVE PLEURISY
Authors: ISADORE SEFF
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Paravertebral nerve block anesthesia lends itself for the induction of regional analgesia. It has been sufficiently developed to be employed almost as a routine in a certain group of cases. The good results reported by Kroenig and Siegel in 1916, with paravertebral conductive anesthesia in a large series of abdominal and gynecologic operations, prompted me to utilize this method in patients with empyema of the chest. It is conceded that it is somewhat hazardous to subject a patient, already in a state of lowered resistance from a suppurative pleurisy, to the risks of a general anesthetic. Some of the dangers encountered with general anesthesia are the induction of a new pathologic lesion or an extension of an existent process in the lungs. For these and many other reasons, local anesthesia is advisable in this group of cases. Paravertebral anesthesia was first conceived by Sellheim in 1905. The object of the
Neuropsychiatric Complications of Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Sidney Leibowitz, Warren F. Gorman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

NERVOUS and mental complications in nonfatal acute virus (infectious) hepatitis are uncommon, despite the widespread occurrence of this disease. These complications may be grouped under two headings: structural involvement of the central or peripheral nervous systems and mental changes without proved disease in the nervous system that comprise coincidental and reactive mental disturbances.Under the first heading are included meningitis, encephalitis, neuritis and myelitis. The incidence of meningitis is low. In 6 separate reports1 2 3 4 5 6 dealing with a total of 1365 cases, mostly of the jaundiced variety and with few fatalities, only 1 case of a meningeal reaction was noted.3 In . . .
SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF GLIAL GROWTH FACTOR 2 IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: A PHASE I SINGLE DOSE ESCALATION STUDY
Authors: Daniel J. Lenihan, Sarah Anderson, Carrie Geisberg, Anthony Caggiano, Andrew Eisen, Evan Brittain, James A.S. Muldowney III, Lisa Mendes, Douglas Sawyer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A cause for celebration, and caution
Authors: K. J. Jorgensen, J. Brodersen, M. Nielsen, O. J Hartling, P. C Gotzsche
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The figure in the news item by Mayor shows that UK breast cancer mortality has fallen steadily since 1989.1 According to Cancer Research UK, the NHS breast screening programme has contributed, but it was introduced in 1988, only a year before the decline began.1 Screening works through advancing the time of detection, and …
Chronic erosive herpes simplex virus infection of the penis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive man, treated with imiquimod and famciclovir
Authors: A.G. Danielsen, C.S. Petersen, J. Iversen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Sir, Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are exceedingly common, and are the most common sexually transmitted disease among patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).1 The treatment of HSV can be a particular problem in immunodeficient patients as aciclovir resistance is more common in this group.1 Chronic erosions on the genitalia are very disabling and painful, and increase the risk of transmitting not only HSV but also HIV to sexual partners. We describe a 28‐year‐old black man from Africa with a 4‐year history of penile erosions. In February 1996 he attended our sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Copenhagen, with a penile erosion measuring 2 × 2 cm. Biopsy showed an eroded epidermis with an underlying inflammatory infiltrate. HSV‐1 was identified by immunofluorescence, and the virus was shown to be sensitive to aciclovir. Treatment with valaciclovir for 1 week healed the erosion, but it recurred within a few weeks. Laboratory tests for syphilis, Borrelia and Haemophilus ducreyi were negative.
Proton-Pump Inhibitor Use and the Risk for Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Monika Sarkar, Sean Hennessy, Yu-Xiao Yang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Background: Recent studies suggest that proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase the risk for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Objective: To examine the association between PPI use and CAP in adults followed in general practices in the United Kingdom. Design: Nested case–control study. Setting: The General Practice Research Database (1987 to 2002) in the United Kingdom. Participants: Patients age 18 years or older with at least 6 months of initial pneumonia-free follow-up in the database. Case patients (n = 80 066) were defined as those who received an incident diagnosis of CAP. Control participants (n = 799 881) were selected by using incidence density sampling, matching on practice site, calendar period, and follow-up duration. Measurements: Use of PPIs within 30 days before the index date. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Overall, current PPI use was not associated with an increased risk for CAP (adjusted OR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.97 to 1.08]) or risk for CAP that required hospitalization (adjusted OR, 1.01 [CI, 0.91 to 1.12]). There was a strong increase in risk for CAP associated with current use of PPI therapy that was started within the previous 2 days (adjusted OR, 6.53 [CI, 3.95 to 10.80]), 7 days (adjusted OR, 3.79 [CI, 2.66 to 5.42]), and 14 days (adjusted OR, 3.21 [CI, 2.46 to 4.18]), but there was no statistically significant association for longer-term current PPI therapy. A separate matched case–control analysis, which included the 3 strongest confounders as additional matching factors, yielded similar results as the primary analysis (adjusted OR, 0.96 [CI, 0.91 to 1.02]). Limitations: Adherence to PPI prescription was assumed to be 100%. No radiographic evidence was available to corroborate a diagnosis of CAP. Conclusion: Proton-pump inhibitor therapy started within the past 30 days was associated with an increased risk for CAP, whereas longer-term current use was not.
On the Structure of the Matrix of Human Articular Cartilage
Authors: H. A. Reeves
Journal: BMJ (1876)

The urine should be carefully tested for sugar and albumen-the specific gravity is usually much below normal.I have found injections of one- fortieth grain of atropine to moderate the excessive salivary secretion ; and, as the digestive powers are usually good, cod-liver oil, with phos- phorus and steel, are undoubtedly useful.
William Hawksworth Barker
Authors: Susan Breeson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

​FormerFormer general practitioner Stevenage (b Todmorden, Yorkshire, 1923; q Cambridge/Guy's 1947), died on 12 February 2005 following heart surgery.




Figure 1




Bill initially wished to specialise in hospital medicine, but realised, after marrying Valerie, a Canadian doctor, that general practice was a more realistic option. He settled in Stevenage, which became his home from 1955 until his death. He maintained his involvement in hospital medicine as a clinical assistant in respiratory medicine and by serving on the Lister Hospital management committee. Bill was a renowned expert philatelist, enjoyed performing in amateur operatics and choral singing, and produced a meticulously researched family history. He leaves Valerie, three children, and 10 grandchildren.
The Practice of Medicine in 18th-Century Massachusetts
Authors: J. Worth Estes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

THE act of the Massachusetts legislature by which the state's medical society was formally incorporated in 1781 begins by referring to health as "essentially necessary to the happiness of society" and to its preservation or recovery as "closely connected with the knowledge of the animal economy [i.e., physiology], and of the properties and effects of medicines. . . ." 1 The Massachusetts Medical Society was born in the late 18th century, that period of unprecedented innovation in many fields of intellectual activity that even then was called the Age of Enlightenment. In America, the major accomplishment of that period was the . . .
Lymphoma and Rifampin
Authors: ROBERT RATE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 February 1979Lymphoma and RifampinROBERT RATE, M.D., CAROL CHERVENAK, R.PH., GARY PAVINICH, R.PH.ROBERT RATE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CAROL CHERVENAK, R.PH.Search for more papers by this author, GARY PAVINICH, R.PH.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-2-276_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The immunosuppressive effects of rifampin have been well established (1-3). Long-term complications, however, have not yet been reported. We wish to report the case of a patient who developed nasopharyngeal lymphoma after treatment with rifampin for Pott's disease.A 41-year-old Navajo man presented in June 1974 with a large right paraspinal mass and T6,T7,T8destruction. He had been taking isoniazid for 2 months because of a positive PPD test (5 TU). His initial treatment was with isoniazid, ethambutol, and streptomycin but was subsequently changed to isoniazid, ethambutol, and rifampin because of the possibility of isoniazid-resistant organisms. He...References1. SANDERS W: Rifampin. Ann Intern Med 85:82-86, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. GRABERJEBAILYGALPHINDOERING CJRE: Light chain proteinuria and humoral immunoincompetence in tuberculous patients treated with rifampin. Am Rev Respir Dis 107:713-717, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar3. MUKERJEESCHULDTKASIK PSJ: Effect of rifampin on cutaneous hypersensitivity to purified protein derivative in humans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 4:607-611, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT RATE, M.D.; CAROL CHERVENAK, R.PH.; GARY PAVINICH, R.PH.Affiliations: Keams Canyon U.S. Public Health Service Keams Canyon, AZ 86034 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAtypical Lymphoproliferative Reaction to Antibiotic TherapyRifampinReverse Osmosis Membranes 1 February 1979Volume 90, Issue 2Page: 276-277KeywordsImmunosuppressivesIsoniazidLymphomaStreptomycinTuberculin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Activating Oncogenic Mutations in C-Kit and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor (Pdgfr) Tyrosine Kinase Gene in Saudi Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (Gists)
Authors: Muhammad Faiyaz-Ul-Haque, Asma Tulba, Hala Abalkhai, Mohamed Toulimat, Hussa Husseini, Muhammad Memon, Shamayel Mohammed, Tarek Amin, Mohamed Satti, Fouad Al-Dayel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION IN PEDIATRIC HEART TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS IS PREDICTED BY BIATRIAL ANASTOMOSIS AND DONOR AGE BUT DOES NOT AFFECT SURVIVAL
Authors: Iqbal El-Assaad, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Guilherme Oliveira, Bruce Wilkoff, Gerard Boyle, Peter Aziz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES OF HEART TISSUE
Authors: Melvin H. Kaplan, Frederick D. Dallenbach
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

Using fluorescent antibody methods, deposits of bound gamma globulin, as determined in unfixed washed sections of auricular appendages from rheumatic hearts, were noted in a significant number (18 per cent) of 100 specimens studied. Such deposits were observed in myofibers, sarcolemma, interstitial connective tissue, and vessel walls. Albumin and fibrin were generally found absent from these sites. Control hearts from normal and pathologic material, including postmortem and biopsied specimens, in general, did not reveal such deposits. These various tissue sites which contained bound gamma globulin frequently exhibited evidence of alteration as indicated both by enhanced affinity for eosin and by strongly positive reaction with the periodic acid-Schiff reagent, and appeared comparable in some cases to "fibrinoid." Bound gamma globulin was not observed in cellular or stromal components of Aschoff lesions, nor was the occurrence of Aschoff lesions correlated with presence of bound gamma globulin. It is suggested that deposition of gamma globulin and the eosinophilic alteration associated with such deposition are related to certain of the pathologic changes of rheumatic heart disease. The nature of such deposits of gamma globulin was considered from immune and non-immune points of view.
Treatment of hereditary angio-oedema by low dose attenuated androgens: disassociation of clinical response from levels of C1 esterase inhibitor and C4
Authors: ANDREW P. WARIN, MALCOLM W. GREAVES, MARGARET GATECLIFF, DONALD M. WILLIAMSON, ROBERT P. WARIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Nine patients with hereditary angio-oedema (H.A.E.) with a deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 INH), have been treated with low dose attenuated androgenic drugs, with complete control of their disease. The C1 esterase inhibitor and C4 levels became normal in only one patient. It is concluded that H.A.E. can be controlled in the absence of correction of the reduced levels of C1 INH and C4. The mode of action of these drugs appears to be more complex than is generally realized.
In vivo intraclonal and interclonal kinetic heterogeneity in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Carlo Calissano, Rajendra N. Damle, Gregory Hayes, Elizabeth J. Murphy, Marc K. Hellerstein, Carol Moreno, Cristina Sison, Matthew S. Kaufman, Jonathan E. Kolitz, Steven L. Allen, Kanti R. Rai, Nicholas Chiorazzi
Journal: Blood (2009)
Prevalence of Isolated Joint Involvement in Chronic Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease: Comment on the Article by Inamoto et al
Authors: Zoya Kuzmina, Galen O. Joe, Kristin Baird, Edward W. Cowen, Haley B. Naik, Seth M. Steinberg, Lauren Curtis, Leora E. Comis, Steven Z. Pavletic
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)
Characteristics of hepatitis C viral genome associated with disease progression
Authors: Kazuyoshi Nagayama, Masayuki Kurosaki, Nobuyuki Enomoto, Yuka Miyasaka, Fumiaki Marumo, Chifumi Sato
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

The clinical presentations of chronic hepatitis C are not uniform. Some patients show persistently high serum alanine transaminase (ALT) values and develop liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whereas serum ALT values stay normal in other patients. The mechanism causing this diversity remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to identify genomic characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b associated with disease progression. Full length sequences of HCV were determined in 14 patients who showed persistently normal serum ALT values (normal ALT group) and 13 cirrhotics with HCC (HCC group). Residues in which amino acid usage was different between these 2 groups were extracted, and Progression score was defined as the total number of residues with 7 amino acids, more frequently present in the HCC group than in the normal ALT group. In the validation of this Progression score in 9 patients with normal ALT and 25 with HCC, the score was significantly higher in the HCC group (3.1 ± 1.1 vs. 2.0 ± 0.9, P = .019). Finally, the correlation between the score and clinical markers related to disease progression was analyzed. In a total of 107 patients with chronic HCV infection, the Progression score was correlated significantly with platelet counts ( r = −0.31, P = .0024) by multivariate analysis. In conclusion, high Progression scores were associated with the presence of HCC and low platelet counts. Sequences of the HCV-1b genome may be related to the progression of chronic hepatitis C.
Methicillin Tolerance After Anaphylactoid Reactions to Penicillin G
Authors: Edgar F. Luton
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THE OCCURRENCE rate of anaphylactoid reactions to penicillin is in the thousands each year, and the mortality rate is estimated to be about 10 per cent.<sup>1</sup>In the development of newer forms of penicillin, one of the primary interests has been the possibility of finding one that would not produce allergic reactions, especially in those already showing sensitivity to the older forms. Inasmuch as penicillin is not very antigenic in animals and information regarding antibodies from in vitro studies is scanty, knowledge of the characteristics of anaphylactoid penicillin allergy is secured only from clinical reports. The following cases are reported because of positive reactions to penicillin G (benzyl penicillin), with negative skin tests, and tolerance to full doses of sodium methicillin (Staphcillin), given intramuscularly. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 31-year-old male laborer was admitted to Kennedy VA Hospital on Nov. 13, 1960 because of an acute hallucinosis
Lichenoid tattoo hypersensitivity.
Authors: A Taaffe, A G Knight, R Marks
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Four patients are described who developed granulomatous reactions in the red portions of their tattoos. Histopathological and immunofluorescence studies showed features of lichen planus. Mercury was identified in only one patient9s lesion, and hypersensitivity to mercury was shown by patch testing in one other patient. Tattooing may provide a localised antigenic challenge resulting in spontaneously occurring lichen planus.