tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dr. H. Butt tribute
Authors: Keith D. Lindor
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Dr. Hugh R. Butt, 98, the last assistant to work directly with Dr. William Mayo, died Aug. 16, 2008 in Rochester. Hugh R. Butt was born Jan. 8, 1910, in Belhaven, NC and grew up in Virginia. He graduated from the University of Virginia Medical School and entered Mayo Graduate School in 1934. He was appointed to the faculty in 1938. He was lauded internationally for his accomplishments in medicine, including the discovery that vitamin K stopped bleeding in patients with jaundice, previously a fatal condition. These findings, published in 1938, changed the practice of hepatology. Three years later, Dr. Butt became interested in the anticoagulation properties of dicumarol. He conducted the first human trials using this substance, found in spoiled sweet clover, and made another seminal discovery. He was the first chair of the Mayo Clinic's Division of Gastroenterology and a professor of medicine in the Mayo Graduate School of Medicine. His association with Mayo Clinic lasted more than 50 years and included terms on the Mayo Clinic Board of Governors and the Mayo Clinic Board of Trustees. As recently as 2006, he gave an introductory lecture to first-year medical students on the legacy of Doctors Will and Charlie Mayo. On April 8, 1939, he married Mary Dempwolf in York, PA. They had four children; three of whom survive. He served in the Navy from 1942 to 1946. He was discharged as a lieutenant commander. In the early 1960s, he served as president of both the American Gastroenterological Association and the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. In 1971, he was named a fellow in the Royal College of Physicians, London, one of only 20 Americans to be elected to this honorary position at that time. At the same time, he served as president of the American College of Physicians and, in 1973, he received a mastership from the association. Dr. Butt was one of the driving forces in creating the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, heading a $500 million endowment. The Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research has now emerged as the largest international academic institute focused on cancer. He was also the longtime physician of Shirley and Miles Fiterman, who live in the Minneapolis–St. Paul area. In 1990, the Fitermans established the Hugh R. Butt Award for Distinguished Achievement in Hepatology and Nutrition through the American Gastroenterological Association and funded the Shirley and Miles Fiterman Center for Digestive Diseases at Mayo Clinic. Post-retirement, Dr. Butt devoted more time to his longtime interest in art. He was a self-taught metal sculptor and used farm implements, old tools, wire and other metals to create whimsical figures. His sculptures were featured in three solo exhibitions at the Rochester Art Center in Rochester, most recently in 2006, and in two invitational exhibits there. His work has been exhibited in galleries in New York, Texas, Wisconsin and at the Circa Gallery in Minneapolis.
Atypical measles infections in leukaemic children on immunosuppressive treatment.
Authors: C R Pullan, T C Noble, D J Scott, K Wisniewsk, P S Gardner
Journal: BMJ (1976)

One case of giant-cell pneumonia and two of encephalopathy, all due to measles infection in children in leukaemic remission on immunosuppressive treatment, were seen recently. The clinical syndromes were variable and atypical and the antibody responses unpredictable. Conventional doses of pooled immunoglobulin failed to protect the two children to whom it was given. Degeneration rather than inflammation seems to characterise the encephalopathy in immunosuppressed children infected with measles virus.
Subendocardial blood flow in children with congenital aortic stenosis.
Authors: L J Krovetz, J P Kurlinski
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Subendocardial blood flow may be estimated from the ratio of flow to the subendocardium to myocardial oxygen consumption. The first may be estimated from the diastolic pressure time index (area between aortic and left ventricular (LV) pressure during diastole) and the latter by the tension time index (integral of LV pressure during systolic ejection). Subendocardial flow index (SEFI) averaged 1.27 (0.96-1.78) in 13 children with normal aortic valves. SEFI averaged 0.88 (0.43-1.65) in asymptomatic children with congenital aortic stenosis and was never greater than 0.9 in symptomatic children. Aortic valve area and systolic pressure difference did not correlate well with symptoms. SEFI and aortic valve area increased in 26 of 28 patients after surgery. However, 23 of 28 had varying degrees of aortic regurgitation following valvotomy. Since calculation of SEFI is not affected by aortic regurgitation, it would appear to be a more useful measure of surgical success than aortic valve area.
Connexin 26 regulates epidermal barrier and wound remodeling and promotes psoriasiform response
Authors: Ali R. Djalilian, David McGaughey, Satyakam Patel, Eun Young Seo, Chenghua Yang, Jun Cheng, Melanija Tomic, Satrajit Sinha, Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto, Julia A. Segre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Inflammatory skin disorders result in significant epidermal changes, including keratinocyte hyperproliferation, incomplete differentiation, and impaired barrier. Here we test whether, conversely, an impaired epidermal barrier can promote an inflammatory response. Mice lacking the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) have a severe defect in epidermal barrier acquisition. Transcription profiling of Klf4–/– newborn skin revealed similar changes in gene expression to involved psoriatic plaques, including a significant upregulation of the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26). Ectopic expression of Cx26 from the epidermis-specific involucrin (INV) promoter (INV-Cx26) demonstrated that downregulation of Cx26 is required for barrier acquisition during development. In juvenile and adult mice, persistent Cx26 expression kept wounded epidermis in a hyperproliferative state, blocked the transition to remodeling, and led to an infiltration of immune cells. Mechanistically, ectopic expression of Cx26 in keratinocytes resulted in increased ATP release, which delayed epidermal barrier recovery and promoted an inflammatory response in resident immune cells. These results provide a molecular link between barrier acquisition in utero and epidermal remodeling after wounding. More generally, these studies suggest that the most effective treatments for inflammatory skin disorders might concomitantly suppress the immune response and enhance epidermal differentiation to restore the barrier.
Treatment of clonorchiasis.
Authors: W H Jopling
Journal: BMJ (1978)

volved.Some patients may have spent time in an intensive treatment unit or in a medical ward before transfer, but 75 % are discharged within 48 h of admission to the unit, approxi- mately 15 % to psychiatric hospitals.Outpatient follow-up is now carried out in the unit, which has reduced the default rate to less than 5 %, and over the past three years the relapse rate, defined as repeat of selfpoisoning within 12 months, has fallen to less than 10%.
P657Pathological stimuli-induced remodeling of rat heart mitochondrial membranes: positive role in processes of myocardial adaptation
Authors: M Ferko, I Kancirova, M Jasova, I Waczulikova, S Carnicka, J Kucharska, O Ulicna, M Murarikova, T Ravingerova, A Ziegelhoffer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Mitochondria (MIT) from hearts of rats with acute streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetes (DIA) and hearts subjected to remote preconditioning induced by limb ischemia (R-PC) exhibited functional remodeling of membranes followed by a cascade of changes reflecting a dynamic equilibrium between the pathological processes and the processes of endogenous protection (EP). Aim of the study was to investigate the effects of R-PC and PC - induced acute diabetes mellitus (DM), on the biophysical and biochemical properties of cardiac MIT.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (220±20g) were used in the experiment. DIA was induced by a single dose of STZ, (65 mg/kg, i.p.). R-PC was induced by 3 series of 5 min. ischemia and 5 min. reperfusion. Hearts were rapidly excised, perfused in the Langendorff mode and exposed to 30 min. global ischemia and 40 min reperfusion. MIT were isolated by means of differential centrifugation combined with protease treatment. Mg2+-dependent and 2, 4-dinitrophenol - stimulated ATPase activity was determined by estimation of Pi liberated from ATP splitting. Membrane fluidity (MF) of isolated MIT was assessed by measuring fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. Content of oxidized isoforms of the coenzyme Q (CoQ9-ox and CoQ10-ox) in the MIT was assessed by means of HPLC and the content of conjugate dienes (CD) was determined spectrophotometrically at 230 nm.

Results: MIT from acute (8 days) DIA hearts exhibited significantly (p<0.05) elevated MF and Mg2+-ATPase activities. An increase in MF was also observed in R-PC and it remained present even after ischemia and post-ischemic reperfusion. Free radicals created in heart MIT in the time course of development of the DIA left the MIT membrane without inducing any considerable increase in the amount of CD or decrease in fluidity of the lipid bilayer. On the other hand, the increase in oxidized formes of the CoQ9-ox and CoQ10-ox in the MIT membrane occurred in sense of the old paradigm that radicals-induced oxidative changes in components of the respiratory chain are at least co-responsible for its malfunction in diabetes.

Conclusions: Our findings confirmed that the changes in properties and function of MIT membranes associated with DIA- and R-PC-induced remodeling are intimately involved in increased ischemia-tolerance of the myocardium. Grants: VEGA 2/0101/12, APVV 0102-11, KEGA 003 UK-4/2012.
In the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal Experimentation
Authors: Michael T. McGuire
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The title tells a good part of the story:<i>In the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal Experimentation</i>is about attitudes, ethical arguments, legislation, protocol review, animal pain scales, and so forth, all issues that are on center stage in the debate over animal experimentation. For readers not familiar with the factions, they are somewhat as follows. Two extreme points of view bracket the debate. The proponents of one argue that literally any type of research using animal subjects is defensible—indeed, even desirable—provided the outcome of the research is likely to provide some valuable information about humans, eg, human behavior, human disease, disease cure. The proponents of the other argue essentially the opposite, namely, that any use of animals as experimental subjects is unacceptable no matter what the supposed benefits to humankind. At times members of the latter group will engage in criminal activities. Between these two extremes is
Pathological Considerations in the Choice of Operation for Chronic Relapsing Pancreatitis
Authors: Kenneth W. Warren, Malcolm Veidenheimer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE most controversial aspect of pancreatic surgery concerns the choice of an appropriate operative procedure in the management of chronic relapsing pancreatitis. The evolution of the surgical treatment of this disease characterizes the evolution of surgery of the pancreas in general. The slow and painful progress in knowledge of pancreatic surgery is recognizable. The initial timid, indirect and circuitous approach to the surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis, dictated by ignorance of the etiology and pathology of the disease and by the fear of attacking the pancreas directly, is apparent. Concern with the theories of etiology overshadowed considerations of the precise . . .
Abstract 4533: In vivo activation of the p53 pathway leading to tumor regression by a novel and potent HDM2 antagonist SCH 1450206
Authors: Yaolin Wang, Xiaoying Wang, Philip Lipari, Abdul-Samad Ponery, Suxing Liu, Asra Mirza, Yinghui Liu, Stephane Bogen, Yao Ma, Ronald Doll, Gerald Shipps, Ming Liu, Cynthia Seidel-Dugan, Daniel J. Hicklin, Walter Robert Bishop
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The HDM2-p53 protein-protein interaction is well characterized through X-ray crystallography. Disrupting this HDM2-p53 protein-protein interaction by a small molecule would therefore release the p53 from the negative inhibition of HDM2 and restore its anti-tumor activities. Peptides, antisense oligonucleotides and small molecules have been identified which disrupt this interaction and result in the stabilization of p53 protein and activation of its downstream targets. We have recently discovered a novel, potent HDM2 antagonist (SCH 1450206) with mechanism-based activity both in vitro and in vivo. Oral administration of SCH 1450206 as a single agent resulted in tumor regression in the SJSA-1 osteosarcoma xenograft model without any observable toxicity. Analysis of the pharmacodynamic markers demonstrated that the anti-tumor activity of SCH 1450206 correlated with the robust activation of p53 pathway in vivo. In addition to its single agent anti-tumor activity, combination of HDM2 antagonist SCH 1450206 with various cytotoxics resulted in further tumor growth inhibition in various human cancer xenograft models. The activation of p53 pathway in vivo targets preferentially to tumor tissues compared to high proliferating and radio sensitive organs of the mouse at the efficacious dose. The lack of single agent toxicity at the efficacious dose and schedule would potentially allow the combination of this type of HDM2 antagonist with other anti-cancer agents at full dose in the clinic. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4533.
Epidemiology of antituberculosis drug resistance 2002–07: an updated analysis of the Global Project on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance
Authors: Abigail Wright, Matteo Zignol, Armand Van Deun, Dennis Falzon, Sabine Ruesch Gerdes, Knut Feldman, Sven Hoffner, Francis Drobniewski, Lucia Barrera, Dick van Soolingen, Fadila Boulabhal, CN Paramasivan, Kai Man Kam, Satoshi Mitarai, Paul Nunn, Mario Raviglione
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
Effect of exercise conditioning on the intrinsic contractile state of cat myocardium.
Authors: J F Williams, R D Potter
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Fourteen adult cats were exercised on a motor-driven treadmill 5 days each week for 6 weeks to determine the effect of exercise conditioning on the intrinsic contractile state of the myocardium. The exercise program was sufficient to produce a cardiovascular training effect manifested by slower exercising heart rates and resting heart rates after atropine by the end of the 6th week. The mechanical function of the isolated right ventricular papillary muscle from exercised cats was compared with that of 17 sedentary adult cats. There were no significant differences between exercised and control cats in in heart weight-body weight ratios, resting and active lenght - tension relations, maximal rate of isometric force development at the peak of the length-tension curve (Lmax), time to peak force at Lmax, maximal force development with paired stimulation and norepinephrine, or force-velocity relations. These results indicate that the intrinsic state of feline myocardium is unaffected by exercise conditioning.
Double blind randomized, comparative multicenter study of the effectof terlipressin in the treatment of acute oesophageal varicealand/or hypertensive gastropathy bleeding
Authors: R. Bruha, Z. Mareček, J. Spicak, P. Hu̇lek, J. Lata, J. Petrtýl, P. Urbánek, P. Taimr, M. Volfová, P. Dite
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Interstitial lung disease in a patient treated with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C.
Authors: J W Fielding, R A Stockley, V S Brookes
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Interstitial lung disease in a patient treated with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C Many cytotoxic agents are associated with pulmonary toxicity, the most common being bleomycin, methotrexate, and busulphan.1This complication, however, has not been recorded during treatment with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C. We report a case of interstitial lung disease occurring during treatment with these two agents.Case report
Plasma Lipoproteins in Liver Disease: I. Immunologically Distinct Low-Density Lipoproteins in Patients with Biliary Obstruction*
Authors: Sam Switzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Sera from patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction were found to have an abnormal lipoprotein (obstructive lipoprotein) which failed to react with antibodies to normal lipoproteins of d < 1.063. Preparations of this abnormal lipoprotein made by a combination of immunoprecipitation and multiple polyanion precipitations revealed a high content of free cholesterol (26%) and phospholipids (61%) but only trace amounts of cholesterol esters and triglycerides. Protein content varied from 13% to a corrected low of 5% when ultracentrifugation was also performed. Amino acid analyses of the latter preparations resembled that of lipoproteins of d < 1.006. The reasons underlying the apparent unreactivity of the abnormal lipoprotein were explored. No evidence could be found for soluble antigen-antibody complexes of gamma-globulin and the abnormal lipoprotein, nor for inhibition of antigen-antibody complex formation by serum factors. Purified preparations of obstructive lipoprotein did not react with antisera to high- or low-density lipoproteins prepared from normal sera. Moreover, rabbits immunized with the abnormal lipoproteins produced specific antibodies to this lipoprotein which reacted with a d < 1.006 lipoprotein in normal sera. All other lipoprotein fractions from normal sera were unreactive. It is not known whether this lipoprotein is abnormal by virtue of the presence of a unique peptide or because of secondary alterations in lipoprotein structure.
Landmark perspective: Bladder neoplasms
Authors: G. P. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Edwin Beer made many contributions to the study of bladder cancer. We are indebted to him for the summary of his work at the Mount Sinai Hospital published in 1935.<sup>1</sup> Looking back in that volume on his contributions to the control of bladder cancer, Beer felt that the first advance in operative therapy had been introduced by Billroth in 1874. At the time, urologic surgeons relied on either blind transurethral manipulation or lateral perineal incisions for the removal or excision of bladder tumors. Billroth often employed a suprapubic incision and first removed a bladder tumor under direct visual control. Despite the proven validity in this approach, by 1885 only nine bladder tumors had been removed in this way, according to a review by Antal that was cited by Beer in 1935.<sup>1</sup> Beer believed that the operative approach to removal of bladder cancer was developing according to two schools
Chronic Fatigue Syndromes in Clinical Practice
Authors: Peter Manu, Thomas J. Lane, Dale A. Matthews
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1992)

Chronic fatigue is a common and difficult challenge in clinical practice. The majority of patients with this chief complaint have treatable mood or anxiety disorders, complicated by a tendency toward somatization. A minority of patients suffer from sleep disorders, endocrinologic abnormalities, or chronic inflammatory conditions. Prolonged recovery after viral infections is only rarely the cause of chronic fatigue. Specific pharmacologic interventions and cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective in an environment that is sensitive to the patient's interpretation of symptoms and avoids unproven medical investigations and therapies.
Congenital occipital dermal sinus with intracranial dermoid cyst complicated by recurrent <i>Escherichia coli</i> meningitis
Authors: Shih‐Tsung Hsu, None Yu‐Yun Lee, Sheau‐Chiou Chao, Meng‐Ying Hsieh, Chao‐Ching Huang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)
Trends in Twin Birth Outcomes and Prenatal Care Utilization in the United States, 1981-1997
Authors: Michael D. Kogan
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextMultiple births account for an increasing percentage of all low-birth-weight infants, preterm births, and infant mortality in the United States. Since 1981, the percentage of women with multiple births who received intensive prenatal care (defined as a high number of visits, exceeding the recommendation of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists by approximately 1 SD beyond the mean number of visits for women initiating care within each trimester) has increased significantly.ObjectivesTo explore the hypothesis that more aggressive management of twin-birth pregnancies may be associated with changes in birth outcomes in this population.Design, Setting, and SubjectsCross-sectional and trend analysis of data from the National Center for Health Statistics' birth and infant death records for all twin births occurring in the United States between 1981 and 1997, excluding those with missing or inconsistent data.Main Outcome MeasuresTrends in preterm birth, low birth weight, preterm and term small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births, and infant mortality, by level of prenatal care utilization.ResultsThe preterm birth rate for twins increased from 40.9% in 1981 to 55.0% in 1997. The percentage of low-birth-weight infants increased from 51.0% to 54.0%. The preterm SGA rate also increased from 11.9% to 14.1%, while the term SGA rate decreased from 30.7% to 20.5%. For women with intensive prenatal care utilization, the preterm birth rate increased from 35.1% to 55.8%, compared with an increase from 50.6% to 59.2% among women with only adequate use. Twin preterm deliveries involving either induction or first cesarean delivery also increased from 21.9% to 27.3% between 1989-1991 and 1995-1997. The twin infant mortality rate for women with intensive prenatal care use declined between 1983 and 1996 and remained lower than the overall twin infant mortality rate.ConclusionsAn apparent increase in medical interventions in the management of twins may result in the seeming incongruity of more prenatal care and more preterm births; however, these data suggest that women with intensive prenatal care utilization also have a lower infant mortality rate.