tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sequential induction of heme pathway enzymes during erythroid differentiation of mouse Friend leukemia virus-infected cells.
Authors: S Sassa
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

The process of erythroid differentiation in mouse Friend leukemia virus transformed cells (T3-C1-2) was examined by following changes in several enzyme activities of the heme biosynthetic pathway and in heme concentration while the cells were undergoing erythroid differentiation after treatment with dimethylsulfoxide. Untreated cells on the one hand, have a limited capacity for spontaneous differentiation. On the other hand, dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)-treated cells showed an increase in the activities of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetase, ALA dehydratase, uroporphyrinogen-I synthetase, ferrochelatase, and heme concentration by days 1, 1.5, 2, and 4, respectively. The increase of the heme pathway enzymes and heme concentration followed the order of these enzymes or products as they are arranged in the heme biosynthetic pathway. These changes induced by DMSO were effectively inhibited by treatment with actinomycin D, suggesting that continued RNA synthesis is required for the differentiation process. 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) (10(-5) M) inhibited the DMSO-induced changes of the heme pathway enzymes. BrdU was most effective when it was present during the first 2 days of cell culture. It gradually lost its inhibitory effect when added after the 3rd day or later. The BrdU-mediated inhibition was completely overcome by the addition of thymidine (7 x 10(-5) M), but not by uridine (7 x 10(-5) M). All these data suggest that a sequential induction of the heme pathway enzyme takes place during erythroid differentiation of Friend leukemia cells, and that the sequential induction of the enzymes may be due to a sequential activation of genes coding for these enzyme activities.
Lack of BRAF V600E mutation in human myeloma cell lines established from myeloma patients with extramedullary disease
Authors: L Lodé, P Moreau, A Ménard, C Godon, C Touzeau, M Amiot, S Le Gouill, M C Béné, C Pellat-Deceunynck
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2013)

After whole genome sequencing of samples from 38 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) had identified one patient with an activating mutation of BRAF (G469A), BRAF mutations have been intensively screened in MM patients.1 Among 161 samples, 3 K601N and 4 V600E (the most common in melanoma) mutations were found in 4% of the patients.1 This low incidence is still consistent with a recent study involving 32 MM samples that reported no BRAF mutation.2 In the more specific field of extramedullary disease (EMD) in MM, Andrulis et al.3 recently reported a significant association with BRAF exon 15 mutations. Notably, the V600E mutation was found in 8.5% of patients with EMD (4 out of 47) versus 1.5% of patients without EMD (3 out of 204). The EMD of the four patients harbouring BRAF V600E mutation (all soft tissue plasmacytomas) was primitive for one patient and secondary after one or several lines of treatments for the three others. This recent work contrasts with an older one in which no BRAF mutation was found in 65 fresh bone marrow samples from 18 patients with PCL and 47 patients with MM at diagnosis.4 The incidence of EMD in MM is rare at diagnosis but extramedullary involvement increases with disease evolution. Spreading of MM cells out of the bone marrow is commonly associated with a poor outcome and resistance to salvage therapies.5 In this context, the recent findings of Andrulis et al. raise the interest of identifying patients with EMD carrying the BRAF V600E mutation, who could benefit from the V600E-mutated BRAF protein targeted therapy, that is, vemurafenib.
Childhood Poisoning Accidents
Authors: Henry L. Verhulst
Journal: JAMA (1968)

From 500,000 to 2 million American children accidentally ingest potentially toxic materials every year, and approximately 500 children under 5 year of age die as a result. Although these incidents are called accidental poisonings they are, more correctly, poisoning accidents.  Ninety percent of the reports to the National Clearinghouse involve children under the age of 5 who have ingested products that are commonly found in and around the house. From the reports submitted annually to the National Clearinghouse, it is known that these substances are medicines in approximately one half of the cases and household products in the other half. Approximately one fourth of the total problem is due to the ingestion of aspirin (88% due to 0.08-gm [1 1/4-grain] tablets, 12% due to 0.3-gm [5-grain] tablets); thus the number of cases in which aspirin is involved roughly equals the number involving all other internal medicines. Cleaning and polishing agents
Endothelin inhibits vasopressin-stimulated water permeability in rat terminal inner medullary collecting duct.
Authors: S P Nadler, J A Zimpelmann, R L Hébert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Renal tubule solute and water transport is subject to regulation by numerous factors. To characterize direct effects of the recently discovered peptide endothelin (ET) on renal tubule transport, we determined signaling mechanisms for ET effects on vasopressin (AVP)-stimulated water permeability (PF) in rat terminal inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) perfused in vitro. ET caused a rapid, dose-dependent, and reversible fall in AVP- but not cyclic AMP-stimulated PF, suggesting that its effect on PF is by inhibition of cyclic AMP accumulation. Indomethacin did not block ET actions, ruling out a role for prostaglandins in its effect. The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor calphostin, or pretreatment of perfused tubules with pertussis toxin, blocked ET-mediated inhibition of AVP-stimulated PF. ET caused a transient increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in perfused tubules, an effect unchanged in zero calcium bath or by PT pretreatment. ET effects on PF and [Ca2+]i desensitized rapidly. Inhibition of PF was transient and largely abolished by 20 min ET preexposure, and repeat exposure to ET did not alter [Ca2+]i. In contrast, PGE2-mediated inhibition of AVP-stimulated PF and increase of [Ca2+]i were sustained and unaltered by prior exposure of IMCD to ET. Thus desensitization to ET is homologous. We conclude that ET is a potent inhibitor of AVP-stimulated water permeability in rat terminal IMCD. Signaling pathways for its effects involve both an inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein and phospholipase-mediated activation of PKC. Since ET is synthesized by IMCD cells, this peptide may be an important autocrine modulator of renal epithelial transport.
Would Health Care Reform Be Easier With a Single-Payer System?
Authors: Aaron M. Roland
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters1 September 2009Would Health Care Reform Be Easier With a Single-Payer System?Aaron M. Roland, MDAaron M. Roland, MDFrom University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Marmor and colleagues (1) correctly argue that “embrac[ing] price restraint, spending targets, and insurance regulation [must be part of] credible cost control,” at least within our current system.If we could move to a fundamentally different system in which health care would still be delivered through our existing network of providers but would be financed through a single financing mechanism, then the goals articulated by President Obama and by Marmor and colleagues would be more easily achieved.Much of our health care expense is created by the waste and inefficiency of our balkanized system of public and ...Reference1. Marmor T, Oberlander J, White J. The Obama administration's options for health care cost control: hope versus reality. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:485-9. [PMID: 19258549] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Aaron M. Roland, MDAffiliations: From University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Obama Administration's Options for Health Care Cost Control: Hope Versus Reality Theodore Marmor , Jonathan Oberlander , and Joseph White Would Health Care Reform Be Easier With a Single-Payer System? Jonathan Oberlander , Theodore Marmor , and Joseph White Metrics 1 September 2009Volume 151, Issue 5Page: 365KeywordsConflicts of interestHealth careHealth care providers ePublished: 1 September 2009 Issue Published: 1 September 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF DISCOID LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: T. S. HAROON, K. A. FLEMING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF DISCOID LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS Get access T. S. HAROON, T. S. HAROON Department of Dermatology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. A. FLEMING K. A. FLEMING Department of Dermatology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 6, 1 December 1972, Pages 642–645, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb07456.x Published: 01 December 1972 Article history Accepted: 23 June 1972 Published: 01 December 1972
Comparison of radionuclide and contrast ventriculography for detection and quantitation of regions of myocardial ischemia in dogs.
Authors: M W Kronenberg, M L Born, C W Smith, L Brorson, J C Collins, S B Higgins, W K Vaughn, F D Rollo, G C Friesinger, S S Pearson, J L Norris, O H Wolfe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Radionuclide and contrast ventriculography were evaluated for their ability to estimate myocardial ischemia. In 14 closed-chest, sedated dogs, a small and larger region of ischemia were produced by inflating balloon occluders on the left anterior descending coronary artery. The systemic arterial pressure, atrial-paced heart rate, global ejection fraction by radionuclide and contrast ventriculography, regional wall-motion abnormalities (as the percentage of abnormally contracting segments), and regional myocardial blood flow (using the microsphere technique) were measured during an initial control period, two separate ischemic periods, and a final control period. The regional ischemic weights based on myocardial blood flow ranged from 0 to 38.5 g and were grouped as zero, small (range 0 to less than 10 g, mean 3.40 g), and large regions of ischemia (greater than 10 g, mean 24.8 g). Regional wall-motion abnormalities were sensitive qualitative indicators of ischemia. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that both ventriculographic methods were highly sensitive, specific, and accurate for detecting regional ischemia. Contrast ventriculography was slightly superior for detecting small regions less than 4 g, but the methods were equal for regions greater than 4 g. The arterial pressure and heart rate were unchanged during ischemia. For small regions of ischemia, the global ejection fraction did not fall using either the contrast or radionuclide technique, but it fell significantly when large regions were produced. There was a quantitative relationship between the percentage of abnormally contracting segments and the grams of myocardial ischemia (for radionuclide ventriculography, r = 0.65, P = 0.003, and for contrast ventriculography, r = 0.75, P less than 0.001), but for many small regions of ischemia, wall-motion changes were greater than anticipated, suggesting hypofunction of the continguous normal tissue. This study demonstrated that both radionuclide and contrast ventriculography were quite sensitive and specific for detecting measured amounts of regional ischemia. The functional changes resulting from ischemia are quantitatively related to the extent of regional ischemia, small areas resulting in regional wall motion abnormalities, and large areas producing both reduced global ejection fraction and wall motion changes.
Simultaneous delivery of therapeutic antagomirs with paclitaxel for the management of metastatic tumors by a pH-responsive anti-microbial peptide-mediated liposomal delivery system
Authors: Qianyu Zhang, Rui Ran, Li Zhang, Yayuan Liu, Ling Mei, Zhirong Zhang, Huile Gao, Qin He
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Methylphenidate Interaction With Both Anticonvulsants and Ethyl Biscoumacetate
Authors: Lorne K. Garrettson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Therapeutic doses of methylphenidate hydrochloride, given for the minimal cerebral dysfunction syndrome, were found to raise the serum levels of primidone, diphenylhydantoin sodium, and phenobarbital in a child. In this patient, diphenylhydantoin levels rose from therapeutic to toxic levels and ataxia was produced. To explain this apparent inhibition of drug metabolism, experiments in four adult male volunteers were performed. Methylphenidate slowed the rate of disappearance of ethyl biscoumacetate from the serum. This suggests that enhanced anticoagulant action may occur in the presence of methylphenidate.
Smoking, Statistics and Stress — Rubella for Tea — Shirt-Sleeve Corner
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE Medical Research Council, in its annual report, has now expressed the definite view that a major part of the great increase in deaths from cancer of the lung among men during the last twenty-five years has been due to heavy smoking, particularly of cigarettes.In this country the research into the incidence of lung cancer and its relation to smoking has been proceeding for nearly five years. Two types of investigations, both now well recognized in this field, have been followed. In the first, patients with cancer of the lung have been interviewed, and their previous smoking habits and . . .
Abstract 2057: Cigarette smoke enhances pulmonary carcinogenesis via downregulation of has-miR-487b in respiratory epithelial cells
Authors: Sichuan Xi, Maocheng Yang, Yong-Guang Tao, Jiqui Shan, Hong Xu, Mary Zhang, David S. Schrump
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Limited information is available regarding the mechanisms by which miRNA alternations contribute to initiation and progression of lung cancer. In order to examine this issue, array techniques were used to assess miRNA expression profiles in short term normal human bronchial epithelia (NHBE) and small airway epithelial cells (SAEC), as well as A549 and Calu-6 lung cancer cells cultured in normal media (NM) with or without cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). Under relevant exposure conditions, CSC consistently mediated a 3.4 − 5.5 fold decrease in has-miR-487b expression in cultured normal as well as lung cancer cells. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments demonstrated that expression levels of has-miR-487b were significantly downregulated (2.9 − 21 fold) in a panel of resected lung cancers relative to adjacent normal tissues. Software-guided analysis revealed numerous potential targets for has-miR-487b including H2AZ, encoding a histone variant modulating expression of developmentally regulated genes as well as SUZ12, which encodes a component of polycomb repressor complexes implicated in aberrant silencing of tumor suppressor genes such as Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) in lung cancer cells. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments revealed that constitutive over-expression of has-miR-487b mediated 3-35 fold reductions in H2AZ and SUZ12 expression in SAEC, A549, and Calu-6 cells. RNA cross-link immunoprecipitation (CLIP) experiments confirmed direct interference of has-miR-487b with H2AZ and SUZ12 transcripts. Overexpression of has-miR-487b enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin in lung cancer cells. Collectively, these data suggest that CSC-mediated downregulation of has-miR-487b promotes pulmonary carcinogenesis, in part, via activation of genes encoding proteins implicated in epigenetic regulation of stem cell gene expression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2057.
Use of yttrium 90 in persistent synovitis of the knee. I. Retention in the knee and spread in the body after injection.
Authors: J M Gumpel, E D Williams, H I Glass
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

Radioisotopes have an established role in the management of chronic synovitis and to varying degrees are used in the place of surgical synovectomy (Delbarre, Roucayrol, Cayla, Menkes, Ingrand, and Aignan, 1969).Yttrium-90 is now increasingly used in place of gold-198 in the treatment of chronic synovitis in the knee.Among the reasons for this are the greater penetration of its beta radiation, the absence of undesirable gamma radiation, and the apparently small loss from the knee.In the first studies assessing the use of 198 Au, no leakage from the knee was noted (Ansell, Crook, Mallard, and Bywaters, 1963), but with improved techniques it became apparent that significant amounts of 198 Au spread to regional lymph nodes and also to the liver (Virkkunen, Krusius, and Heiskanen, 1967; Grahame, Ramsey, and Scott, 1970; Topp and Cross, 1970).The presence of gamma radiation makes it easy to count extemally, and thus to follow the spread of 198 Au around the body.Prichard, Bridgman, and Bleehen (1970), comparing two preparations of 90Y injected into the knee, found no leakage when the yttrium was in a form bound to colloidal ion-exchange resin.When using a colloidal suspension of 90Y-silicate, they found considerable leakage to lymph nodes and liver.This paper describes the use of a quantitative scanning method (Williams, Glass, Arnot, Goolden, and DeGarretta, 1969) for estimating both the amount of 90Y retained in the knee, and its distri- bution in other sites in the body.As 90Y emits only beta radiation, it is necessary to use special measurement conditions to count the bremsstrahlung. Material and MethodsAll the eleven patients treated had chronic synovitis of the knee, despite full conservative therapy and the use of intra-articular steroids.The duration of their effusions
In search of radical similarity
Authors: Oscar Vilarroya
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

It is difficult to see how one can support the continuum between rules and similarity, as Pothos proposes. A similarity theory could dispense with the rules end of the continuum. The only thing that we need is one (or more than one) theory of similarity that goes beyond the stimulus-carrying information and behavioristic restrictions that have usually been attributed to similarity theories.
THE REGULATION OF PINOCYTOSIS IN MOUSE MACROPHAGES
Authors: Zanvil A. Cohn, Eileen Parks
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

A study has been conducted on the influence of nucleosides and nucleotides to induce the formation of pinocytic vesicles in cultured mouse macrophages. Extremely high levels of cytoplasmic vesicles were found after exposure of macrophages to adenosine 5'-phosphate, ADP, and ATP. A limited vesicle response was obtained with adenosine 2'-. and 3'-phosphate, 3',5'-adenosine-phosphate, and deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate. The di- and triphosphates of guanosine, inosine, cytidine, and uridine were stimulatory but much less active than the adenosine derivatives. Adenosine administration resulted in high levels of pinocytic activity whereas other nucleosides, including inosine, guanosine, cytidine, and uridine, yielded little or no stimulatory effect. Adenosine and its 5'-phosphates produced morphological effects on macrophages characterized by increased spreading, a thin, peripheral cytoplasmic veil with denser cores of oriented mitochondria and contraction of the centre-sphere region. Large numbers of pinosomes were seen in association with mitochondria-containing portions of the cytoplasm. The stimulatory effects of adenosine and ATP were rapid and involved the majority of cells in the culture. Adenosine was unable to reverse the pinocytosis inhibition produced by 2,4-DNP, whereas ATP raised vesicle counts to high levels. Possible mechanisms for these effects are discussed.
Causes and consequences of portal vein thrombosis in 1,243 patients with cirrhosis: Results of a longitudinal study
Authors: Filipe Nery, Sylvie Chevret, Bertrand Condat, Emmanuelle de Raucourt, Larbi Boudaoud, Pierre‐Emmanuel Rautou, Aurelie Plessier, Dominique Roulot, Cendrine Chaffaut, Valerie Bourcier, Jean‐Claude Trinchet, Dominique‐Charles Valla
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

In cirrhosis, portal vein thrombosis (PVT) could be a cause or a consequence of the progression of liver disease. We analyzed data from a prospective trial of ultrasound screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in order to identify risk factors for and the impact of PVT in patients with cirrhosis. In all, 1,243 adults with cirrhosis without PVT were enrolled from 43 liver units in France and Belgium between June 2000 and March 2006. The mean follow‐up was 47 months. Doppler ultrasonography was used to check the portal vein. Progression of liver disease was defined by the development of: ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, prothrombin &lt;45%, serum bilirubin &gt;45 μmol/L, albumin &lt;28 g/L, and/or creatinine &gt;115 μmol/L. G20210A prothrombin and factor V gene mutations were assessed in sera stored at three large centers. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of PVT was 10.7%. PVT was mostly partial and varied over time. The development of PVT was independently associated with baseline esophageal varices ( P = 0.01) and prothrombin time ( P = 0.002), but not with disease progression before PVT, or prothrombotic mutations. Disease progression was independently associated with baseline age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11‐2.17), body mass index (HR 1.40; 95% CI: 1.01‐1.95), prothrombin time (HR 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70‐0.90), serum albumin (HR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94‐0.99), and esophageal varices (HR 1.70; 95% CI: 1.21‐2.38) but not with the prior development of PVT (HR 1.32; 95% CI: 0.68‐2.65). Conclusion : In patients with cirrhosis, the development of PVT is associated with the severity of liver disease at baseline, but does not follow a recent progression of liver disease. There is no evidence that the development of PVT is responsible for further progression of liver disease. (H epatology 2015;61:660‐667)
Clinical Approach to Infection in the Compromised Host
Authors: Jerry D. Smilack
Journal: JAMA (1988)

There is perhaps no greater challenge facing the clinician than the diagnosis and treatment of infection in the immunologically impaired patient. Diagnosis is particularly difficult because disease may appear in bizarre or unusual guise when a patient is granulocytopenic, and traditionally rarely encountered pathogens may be the most common in such settings. Treatment can be particularly perplexing, and response to therapy delayed. The second edition of<i>Clinical Approach to Infection in the Compromised Host</i>comes to the rescue! Here is an up-to-date volume targeted to the needs of the practitioner. How does one approach the patient with granulocytopenia and nodular pulmonary infiltrates? How is that approach different if the infiltrates are interstitial? Is candidal meningitis a concern in the patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? If a skin biopsy shows acid-fast bacilli, what possibilities come to mind? With admirable clarity the authors—all highly regarded experts in their respective fields—present the