tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of an osteoblast defect in two cases of human malignant osteopetrosis. Correction of the phenotype after bone marrow transplant.
Authors: D Lajeunesse, L Busque, P Ménard, M G Brunette, Y Bonny
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Osteopetrosis is an inherited disorder characterized by bone sclerosis due to reduced bone resorption. Here we report that human osteopetrotic osteoblast-like (Ob) cells express a defective phenotype in primary cultures in vitro, and that bone marrow transplant (BMT) corrects osteoblast function. DNA analysis at polymorphic short-tandem repeat loci from donor, recipient, and primary Ob-like cells pre-BMT and 2 yr post-BMT revealed that Ob were still of recipient origin post-BMT. Osteopetrotic Ob-like cells obtained pre-BMT showed normal and abnormal 1,25(OH)2D3-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) and osteocalcin production, respectively, and failed to produce macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in response to IL-1a and TNF-alpha. These parameters were all normalized in primary Ob-like cells prepared 2 yr post-BMT. X-linked clonality analysis at the human androgen receptor (HUMARA) locus revealed that osteoblasts showed a polyclonal and an oligoclonal derivation pre- and post-BMT respectively, indicating that a limited number of progenitor reconstituted this population. Because osteoblasts were still of recipient origin post-BMT, this suggests that functional osteoclasts, due to the replacement of hematopoeitic cells, provided a local microenvironment in vivo triggering the differentiation and/or recruitment of a limited number of functional osteoblasts.
Senators Press for Health Insurance Exchange Enrollment Numbers
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Poly(2-oxazoline) based micelles with high capacity for 3rd generation taxoids: Preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Zhijian He, Anita Schulz, Xiaomeng Wan, Joshua Seitz, Herdis Bludau, Daria Y. Alakhova, David B. Darr, Charles M. Perou, Rainer Jordan, Iwao Ojima, Alexander V. Kabanov, Robert Luxenhofer
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
In vivo identification by confocal laser endoscopy of foamy macrophages associated with Whipple’s disease
Authors: W. Dolak, J. Leitner, J. Maresch, F. Wrba, C. Mueller
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Whipple’s disease is a very rare illness caused by the actinobacterium Tropheryma whipplei. The diagnosis is confirmed by demonstration of macrophages staining positive in the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction in histological biopsy sections, but cannot be made on the basis of the macroscopic appearance during endoscopy [1] [2]. We report the in vivo findings typical of Whipple’s disease at the single cell level, captured by confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) in the duodenal mucosa of a 69-year-old woman with confirmed Whipple’s disease.
TUMORS OF THE MAXILLA.
Authors: WILLIAM KNIGHT
Journal: JAMA (1898)

In this paper it is intended to describe briefly some of the more ordinary neoplasms of the maxilla. The upper, as well as the lower maxillary bones, besides being subject to diseases affecting other bony structures of the body, are liable to the invasion of neoplasms peculiar and limited to themselves; among these may be mentioned the epulides, dentigerous and multilocular cystic tumors. The pathologic congeners of the epulides may, however, be found in other parts of the body, but it is not customary to call every growth found arising from the gums or from the periosteum of the alveoli an epulis. Two, and only two, distinct forms of epulis are to be recognized as affecting these bones. The recognition of these is of importance, not only from a pathologic, but mainly from a surgical standpoint, as deciding the proper treatment, which is different in the two affections. The hard
Dignity and the Eye of the Beholder
Authors: Harvey Max Chochinov
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Mr. J was a 67-year-old man with an endstage gastrointestinal malignancy. Having decided he no longer wished to go on living, he had gone on a hunger strike, precipitating an admission to an inpatient tertiary palliative care unit. He reported that, aside from some minor discomforts, his symptom management was quite reasonable. Psychiatric consultation was initiated to determine if depression might be a factor influencing his wish to die. While he was not overtly suicidal, and in fact seemed ambivalent about his wish to die, he did state, “if I were in a European country where I could ‘press the button now,’ I would.” After careful evaluation, it was determined that rather than depression, the driving force behind his desire for death was a sense that life no longer held purpose, meaning, nor hope. While he spoke of a lingering wish to participate in various life activities, he bemoaned the fact that his body was simply too weak and too ill to allow him to do so. That being the case, he expressed the conviction that living had become redundant, his life had no worth, and there was little reason for him to carry on. How can we offer comfort to patients whose distress is primarily in the realm of the existential, or beyond the reach of an easily administered psychopharmaceutical or analgesic drug? While these matters are often deferred to the expertise of pastoral care professionals, there is a growing movement—particularly in reference to dying patients—for physicians to expand their caring with attentiveness to psychosocial, existential, or spiritual suffering. In the absence of a clinical depression or formal psychiatric disorder, the paucity of therapeutic options or formatted approaches can leave oncology practitioners at somewhat of a loss. There may be aspects of despair toward the end of life that may be inherent to the dying process itself. If such distress is not primarily an aberration of neurochemistry, but rather reflects a paucity of hope, meaning, and self worth, what can be done to safeguard or enhance those life-sustaining attributes? And if loss of meaning, hope, and self-worth are the essence of such despair, what implications does this have for palliative care providers?
A Monoclonal Antibody to the α2 Domain of Murine Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I that Specifically Kills Activated Lymphocytes and Blocks Liver Damage in the Concanavalin A Hepatitis Model
Authors: Shuji Matsuoka, Hiromichi Tsurui, Masaaki Abe, Kazuo Terashima, Kazuhiro Nakamura, Yoshitomo Hamano, Mareki Ohtsuji, Nakayuki Honma, Isao Serizawa, Yasuyuki Ishii, Masafumi Takiguchi, Sachiko Hirose, Toshikazu Shirai
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

We earlier found that a rat monoclonal antibody (mAb) RE2 can induce rapid death of murine activated, but not resting, lymphocytes and lymphocyte cell lines, in a complement-independent manner, a cell death differing from typical apoptosis or necrosis. We here found that this cell death is independent of pathways involving Fas, caspase, and phosphoinositide-3 kinase. With the advantage of producing human B cell line transfectants with stable expression of human/mouse xeno-chimeric MHC class I genes, we found that RE2 epitope resides on the murine class I α2 domain. However, the α3 domain plays a key role in transducing the death signal, which mediates extensive aggregation of the MHC class I-integrin-actin filament system, giving rise to membrane blebs and pores. In mouse models with T/NKT cell activation-associated fulminant hepatitis, administration of mAb RE2 almost completely inhibited the development of liver cell injuries. Taken collectively, this form of cell death may be involved in homeostatic immune regulation, and induction of this form of cell death using the mAbs may be potentially therapeutic for subjects with immunological diseases mediated by activated lymphocytes.
Demonstration of Intracardiac Tumor and Its Associated Hemodynamic Derangement by Radionuclide Angiography
Authors: DAN-JIANG WANG, CHENG-YI CHENG, CHENG-YUN CHEN, MING-CHON HSIUNG, None JENG-WEI, KUO-PIN YU, SHYH-MING SHIEH, FU-KEN CHANG, WEI-LIAN CHEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

A case of malignant lymphoma primarily involving the heart is reported for the first time in which the tumor per se and its accompanying hemodynamic abnormalities were demonstrated by radionuclide angiography (RNA). The patient had severe and progressive failure of the right side of the heart of obscure origin. The tumor was pathologically proven to have involvement of the pericardium, right atrium, and right ventricle, causing significant tricuspid and pulmonic obstruction.
PTH-112 A Single Centre Experience Of Treatment Of Refractory Celiac Disease Type 2
Authors: I Nasr, S Donnelly, C Ho-Yen, T Mitchell, F Chang, P Ciclitira
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Refractory celiac disease (RCD) is a persistent malabsorption and villous atrophy despite adhering to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 6–12 months in the absence of other cause <sup>1</sup>. It is a rare complication of celiac disease (CD). RCD is classified based on the T-cells in the intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) morphology into type 1 with normal IEL and type 2 with aberrant IEL. RCD1 is managed with strict nutritional and pharmacological management. RCD2 can be complicated by ulcerative jejunitis or enteropathy associated lymphoma (EATL), the latter having a 5-year mortality of 8–20%. It is therefore necessary to investigate and manage RCD2 which has a less predicted response and has a poor prognosis due to the associated complications. Treatment options vary due to the low incidence of RCD2 and hence the small numbers of randomised control trials. We present a single centre’s experience in the treatment of RCD2. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a single centre retrospective study of all cases of RCD2 using the celiac database in a single centre between 2000 and 2013. Case notes, biological and histological data were reviewed for patients with a diagnosis of RCD2 diagnosed between 2000 and 2013. All patients were treated with prednisolone, 20 mg, and azathioprine, 2 mg/kg/day with repeat small bowel biopsy and T cell receptor analysis by PCR at 4 monthly intervals. <h3>Results</h3> Fourteen out of twenty patients with RCD2 were successfully treated with prednisolone and azathioprine to become either type 1 refractory celiac disease, in 12 patients, or celiac disease, in 2 patients, with a better 5-year survival. None of the type 2 refractory patients developed lymphoma on this treatment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Prednisolone combined with azathioprine can be used successfully to treat RCD2. Our experience shows it is a safe and successful approach to improve prognosis. We successfully treated 7 out of 10 patients with RCD2 with this regimen. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Joseph A Murray. Classification and Management of Refractory Celiac Disease. <i>Gut</i> 2010 April; 59(4):547–557 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Toxicity of the anthraquinone glycoside P-1894B for human skin fibroblasts
Authors: G C Priestley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

P-I894B inhibits prolyl hydroxylase in vitro and has been proposed as a topical treatment for dermal fibrosis. The drug had simitar effects on two fibroblast lines from normal human skin and one line from a patient with lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. Exposure of logarithmically-growing cell monolayers for 72 h caused dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation at 0.05-0.5 μg/ml but time-dependent cell death at 1–50 μg/ml. The epithelial cell line NCTC 2544 gave a similar result. Collagen lattices containing normal fibroblasts contracted more slowly in the presence of the drug at 0.1–05 μg/ml, but this was clearly related to loss of viability. Collagen synthesis by monolayer cultures was unaffected at 0.05 and 0.1 μg/ml P-1894B in one line of normal fibroblasts, but was reduced by 40% and 15% respectively, in the other. The concentrations of P-1894B reported to be active against prolyl hydroxylase are therefore lethal to cultured skin cells. Although the effective use of dithranol as a topical anti-psoriatic agent, despite its cytotoxicity in vitro, is encouraging for P-1894B, further toxicological studies are imperative.
Increased endothelin-1 expression in the kidney in hypercalcemic rats
Authors: Naoki Shiraishi, Kenichiro Kitamura, Yukimasa Kohda, Takefumi Narikiyo, Masataka Adachi, Taku Miyoshi, Kozo Iwashita, Hiroshi Nonoguchi, R. Tyler Miller, Kimio Tomita
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Research pointers: Does month of birth affect risk of Crohn's disease in childhood and adolescence?
Authors: H. T. Sorensen, L. Pedersen, B. Norgard, K. Fonager, K. J Rothman
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Does month of birth affect risk of Crohn's disease in childhood and adolescence?Early factors seem to have a role in the development of Crohn's disease later in life.A few recent studies have shown that in utero or early infections-in particular measles 1 -are important risk factors, but other studies have failed to show an association. 2 A recent British study reported slightly increased risk of Crohn's disease in people born in the first half of the year. 3 If infectious agents potentially linked to Crohn's disease include some that are common at particular times of year, their seasonal variation might be reflected in the pattern of birth month in people with Crohn's disease.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CHANGES IN ANTIGENIC VOLUME AS THE RESULT OF SPECIFIC AGGLUTINATION
Authors: F. S. Jones, Ralph B. Little
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1933)

Findings are described which amplify those of a preceding paper in showing that bacteria increased in volume when treated with specific agglutinin. When the increase in volume approximated 20 per cent all the bacteria were agglutinated. We have attempted to correlate the volumetric increase with the quantity of protein adsorbed by the organisms during agglutination and have studied not only bacteria but collodion particles first sensitized to antigen and then agglutinated with a precipitin specific for the antigen. The increase in volume of the collodion particles was small and the quantity of protein adsorbed relatively large. When two species of bacteria were agglutinated with their respective antisera the reverse was true; the apparent volume increase was much greater than the quantity of protein deposited during the reaction. There is, then, no direct correlation between protein deposition and apparent increase in volume. Nevertheless, the results of experiments here reported have suggested an explanation for the fact of increase in volume.
A CASE OF DIBOTHRIOCEPHALUS LATUS INFECTION
Authors: G. C. Low, E. J. O'Driscoll
Journal: BMJ (1921)

1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Cases such as this mav be taken to justify my conten- tion that there are more surgical ways than one of curing toxic stasis, and that every case should be treated in accordance with the spscial indications it presents.Neither, although I have been speaking as a surgeon, am I advocating surgery as the only remedy.Diet, drugs, aperients, paran, massage, exercises, posture, abdominal supports, regulation of -life, change of climate, spa treatment, removal of toxic foci-all have their place in the treatment of intestinal stasis.In treatment, operative and non-operative, the psychic factor must not be over- looked.The rest and careful after-treatment is of benefit after all abdominal operations.The prevention of stasis and toxic foci should begin in babyhood and continue.J. B. Blow in eye June 3rd.Foreign body in cornea on June 18th.Played five weeks.J. H. Struck by iron stone
Idiosyncrasy to Aureomycin
Authors: P. D. Bedford
Journal: BMJ (1951)

person yesterday."Repressed material is released fluently, and the saving in time is*tremendous.In my experience the method is much more successful in re- vealing repressed incidents and particularly repressed emotions than the procedure of narco-analysis, using intravenous barbiturate.If partial resistance is encountered during the session, a few further breaths of 20% carbon dioxide will usually be sufficient to overcome this.The patient is able to leave as soon as the session has ended, and there are no complaints of headache and giddiness such as are found after the use of higher concentrations of carbon dioxide or one of the other methods of inducing abreaction.It is therefore a suit- able method for use in the treatment of out-patients.Case 3 is quoted to indicate the value of the treatment in even the most chronic types of psychoneurosis.The applications of this method are undoubtedly much more diverse than those of the abreactive techniques which were developed originally to deal with the casulalties of war.SummaryA simple method of producing abreaction and liberation of repressed memories by the use of carbon dioxide is described.This method is perfectly safe, and is particularly suitable for use in the treatment of out-patients.Three illustrative cases are reported.
Initiation of Uterine Contractions by Disopyramide during Pregnancy
Authors: Roger F. Leonard, Theodore E. Braun, Arthur M. Levy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

DISOPYRAMIDE (Norpace), a new antiarrhythmic agent with electrophysiologic properties similar to quinidine and possessing anticholinergic activity,1 is effective in the suppression of ventricular a...
Effect of Blood Glucose Control on Retinal Vascular Permeability in Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: S J Bleicher, T Y Lee, R Bernstein, L Schachter, R Temes, T Krupin, J Santiago, B Becker, S R Waltman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Thirteen patients were instructed in a technique of self-management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, using multiple home-monitored blood glucose determinations and multiple injections of regular insulin in conjunction with once-daily Ultra Lente insulin. Hemoglobin A1c and quantitative fluorescein fluorophotometry were used to assess blood glucose control and retinal permeability, respectively. In those patients achieving normal blood glucose control, retinal vascular leakage was statistically identical to that of a nondiabetic control population. In those patients less well controlled, retinal permeability did not differ statistically from values observed in a population of insulin-dependent diabetic patients under “standard” control. It is concluded that with “tight” control of blood sugar and normalized A1c hemoglobin, retinal permeability similarly is normalized.
Combination of a Brief Irrigation With Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) and Adenovirus-Mediated Local TFPI Gene Transfer Additively Reduces Neointima Formation in Balloon-Injured Rabbit Carotid Arteries
Authors: Nobuhiko Atsuchi, Takahiro Nishida, Kousuke Marutsuka, Yujiro Asada, Yuichi Kamikubo, Akira Takeshita, Hikaru Ueno
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a physiological antagonist of TF. We tested whether a brief irrigation with TFPI protein (rTFPI) or TFPI gene transfer into injured arteries would suppress TF activity and reduce fibroproliferative changes and investigated whether a combination of these methods would show an additive effect. Methods and Results —We prepared adenoviruses expressing either TFPI (AdTFPI) or bacterial β-galactosidase (AdLacZ). Rabbit carotid arteries were balloon-injured and either infected with AdTFPI (or AdLacZ) or irrigated briefly with rTFPI (or saline). After injury, TF activity in arteries increased and was sustained; however, it was suppressed during the initial 24 hours by rTFPI irrigation (but not by gene transfer) and for a substantial period of time by TFPI gene transfer (but not by rTFPI irrigation). Four weeks later, the ratio of the intimal to medial areas was 34.3±8.7% (mean±SD, n=14) in saline-treated arteries and 33.3±4.2% in AdLacZ-infected arteries ( P =NS versus saline). However, it was reduced to 25.5±8.5% in rTFPI-irrigated arteries ( P &lt;0.01 versus saline) and to 20.7±5.3% in AdTFPI-infected arteries ( P &lt;0.01 versus AdLacZ). With a combination of irrigation and gene transfer, the ratio was further reduced to 12.6±4.7% ( P &lt;0.01 versus rTFPI, P &lt;0.05 versus AdTFPI). Systemic coagulation status was not affected in these animals. Conclusions —A combination of rTFPI irrigation and TFPI gene transfer overcomes the shortcomings shown by each method when used alone and achieves a full coverage of TF activity suppression, thereby enhancing their therapeutic effects without systemic side effects. This combination may be an effective strategy for the prevention of thrombosis and proliferative changes after angioplasty in humans.
Case of Congenital Syphilis, with Ascites, in a Child Three Months Old: Death: Post Mortem Examination
Authors: W. B. Cheadle
Journal: BMJ (1875)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL _OVRNAL.669chloroform produced a rapid lowering of the excessive arterial pressure.At 8 P.M., the patient was still insensible, although much quieter; temperature I02. 3. The os uteri was high up, and just admitted one finger into the cervical cavity.I then decided to commence the in- duction of premature labour, which I did by rupturing the membranes with a stylet.At iI P.m., the fits had not recurred; she was somewhat more sen- sible, and occasionally answered questions when addressed.The labour had not made any advance.Temperature 99.2; pulse io8.At 9 A.M. on the 4th, she had no more convulsions, and was much more sensible.The urine was very slightly albuminous; specific gravity IOI5.At 5 P.M., the os was high up, and not more dilated; the vertex was not presenting, but the presentation could not be fairly made out.No pains had occurred.At 9 P.M., the obstetric resident was summoned, and found her in a wild, excited, semiunconscious state, with both feet of the child protruding from the vulva, the cord not pulsating.Chloro- form was given, and in a few minutes the head was extracted.No more convulsions occurred; and on the 8th, the urine contained no albumen nor casts; specific gravity 1020.She recovered rapidly.It is to be noticed in the course of this case that a considerable improvement followed the use of chloroform; but a still more decided benefit from the diminution of nerve-irritation obtained by the reduction in size of the uterus at the escape of the liquor amnii, although labour did not come on until twenty-four hours later.The temperature had continued to rise after the use of chloroform, but fell three degrees in three hours after the rupture of the membranes.The chief reason, however, for which I bring it before you, is because it shows that high arterial tension existed at the time of the convulsions, and before chlo- roform was administered.Now, it has been shown by the use of the sphygmograph, that the same state of the vascular system exists in chronic, and to some extent even in acute Bright's disease.It is attri- buted to a resistance to the circulation of the blood, either directly the