tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DISEASES OF FEMALE PELVIC ORGANS.WHEN TO OPERATE BY ABDOMINAL SECTION. Read in the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held in Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: M. B. WARD
Journal: JAMA (1890)

In accepting the kindly request sent me by the President of this Section of the American Medical Association, to read a paper on "some subject connected with Abdominal Surgery" on this occasion, I was not in the least unmindful of my unfitness for such a task. I have but one special reason for attempting to appear before you with a few remarks based upon the above title. I thought a paper on this subject from a<i>Kansan</i>might be a "novelty," in view of the fact that most of the papers which will be presented for your consideration, will come, (and justly), from eminent men residing in the great medical centres. The mass of physicians seem to have a very imperfect understanding of pelvic diseases. "Pelvic cellulitis" as taught in the past, and understood by many at the present time, has had to bear the opprobrium of every abnormal condition
CORRELATION BETWEEN COLCHICINE EFFECTS ON EARLY ATRIAL FIBRILLATION RECURRENCE AFTER ABLATION AND LEFT ATRIUM EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE VOLUME
Authors: Yasuyuki Egami, Masami Nishino, Ryu Shutta, Nobuhiko Makino, Masayuki Taniike, Daisuke Nakamura, Takahiro Yoshimura, Naoki Mori, Akihiro Tanaka, Hisaki Morita, Jun Tanouchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Antagonistic Human FcγRIIB (CD32B) Antibodies Have Anti-Tumor Activity and Overcome Resistance to Antibody Therapy In Vivo
Authors: Ali Roghanian, Ingrid Teige, Linda Mårtensson, Kerry L. Cox, Mathilda Kovacek, Anne Ljungars, Jenny Mattson, Annika Sundberg, Andrew T. Vaughan, Vallari Shah, Neil R. Smyth, Bhavwanti Sheth, H.T. Claude Chan, Zhan-Chun Li, Emily L. Williams, Giusi Manfredi, Robert J. Oldham, C. Ian Mockridge, Sonya A. James, Lekh N. Dahal, Khiyam Hussain, Björn Nilsson, J. Sjef Verbeek, Gunnar Juliusson, Markus Hansson, Mats Jerkeman, Peter W.M. Johnson, Andrew Davies, Stephen A. Beers, Martin J. Glennie, Björn Frendéus, Mark S. Cragg
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
A luxury drug?
Authors: P Trevor-Roper
Journal: BMJ (1979)

cases of travellers' diarrhoea belonged to sero- groups previously associated with infantile gastroenteritis.Indeed, one of our toxigenic strains could not be typed at all.Therefore in screening for ETEC in travellers with diarrhoea not associated with Salmonella and Shigella we feel that it is important to underline the need to test several colonies of E coli isolated from the primary culture, regardless of serotype.
A Medical Misdemeanor: I Harbored Evil Thoughts About the Fredrickson Fat Classification
Authors: Lawrence D. Grouse
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Donald Fredrickson, MD, is one of my heroes even though his classification of hyperlipoproteinemias resulted in many unpleasant experiences for me. It began when the Fredrickson schema was presented during medical school, and certain confusing aspects of the classification suggested to me that it would not hold up over time. Occasionally, I would bet on the inherent shakiness of a theory by completely ignoring it; this strategy proved effective on numerous occasions in the more speculative research areas of medicine, somewhat less effective in subjects like anatomy, but the worst failure of my technique was in relation to the Fredrickson classification. I cannot be blamed for skepticism concerning the classification. After all, of the five types of hyperlipoproteinemia (there are actually six classes, since type 2 comprises two subtypes, 2a and 2b), I was disturbed to learn that three were so rare as to be hardly worth considering. Worse than
Common extensor tendon rupture following corticosteroid injection for lateral tendinosis of the elbow.
Authors: A G Smith, K Kosygan, H Williams, R J Newman
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1999)

Corticosteroid injections are commonly administered to athletes to relieve symptoms of lateral elbow tendinosis. This report presents a case of almost total rupture of the common extensor origin in a 45 year old female squash player secondary to such a procedure.
Loss of the PlagL2 Transcription Factor Affects Lacteal Uptake of Chylomicrons
Authors: Frederik Van Dyck, Caroline V. Braem, Zhao Chen, Jeroen Declercq, Rob Deckers, Byeong-Moo Kim, Susumu Ito, Michele K. Wu, David E. Cohen, Mieke Dewerchin, Rita Derua, Etienne Waelkens, Laurence Fiette, Anton Roebroek, Frans Schuit, Wim J.M. Van de Ven, Ramesh A. Shivdasani
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2007)
Treatment of War-Injured Vietnamese Children in the United States
Authors: Leonard M. Linde
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor:—  In December 1966 a group of physicians, clergy, and laymen, moved by the enormity of the suffering of war-burned and war-injured Vietnamese children, formed the Committee of Responsibility to bring these innocent victims of war to the United States for the restorative surgery and rehabilitative treatment not available to them in Vietnam. Since that time the committee, an independent, nonprofit, nonpolitical group, has won the support of hundreds of physicians and surgeons who have volunteered their services. Some of the most outstanding medical centers and hospitals in the nation have offered beds for these children and legions of citizens have asked to care for them at home during their convalescence. The committee today has branches in cities throughout the country, including Hawaii and Alaska.  C. Wilmer Myers, Episcopal Bishop of California has said, Saddest of all, however, are the statistics covering injuries of noncombatants. No completely accurate
Beneficial effect of monoclonal antibody to interleukin 2 receptor on activated T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: V Kyle, R J Coughlan, H Tighe, H Waldmann, B L Hazleman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Campath 6, a rat IgG2b monoclonal antibody to the interleukin 2 receptor on activated T cells, was used to treat three patients with active rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive to conventional treatment. Two patients had an excellent response for about three months. There were no significant side effects. The results suggest that activated T cells are of importance in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Although infusions of rat monoclonal antibodies could not be repeated because of the risk of sensitisation, the development of humanised monoclonal antibodies targeted against specific T cell sets would allow repeated courses of treatment to be given.
ORGAN WEIGHTS OF NORMAL RABBITS
Authors: Wade H. Brown, Louise Pearce, Chester M. Van Allen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

The results of a second series of organ weight determinations on normal rabbits are reported and the values obtained are compared with those for the first series. Figures are also given which represent the results obtained by combining the two series of animals or from weight determinations made on 645 apparently normal rabbits selected from stocks used for various experimental purposes.
HYDRAMNIOS AND CONGENITAL ANOMALIES
Authors: Frank Moya
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A series of 74 patients with hydramnios was studied; 80% were multiparas and there were five sets of twins. There was a high rate of cesarean section (21.6%), breech deliveries (6.8%), diabetes (18.9%) and preeclampsia (14.9%). Among the 79 neonates delivered, there were 23 deaths and the perinatal mortality was 29.1%. There is a remarkable association of hydramnios and congenital anomalies; 21 infants (26.6%) had congenital anomalies and 14(17.7% ) had pathological conditions. Anencephaly and hydrocephaly were the most common lesions; 6 infants had gastrointestinal defects and 10 had anomalous lesions which would have obstructed swallowing or prevented the passage of fluid through the gastrointestinal tract while in utero. Special emphasis should be placed on lesions in which there is urgent need for correction of respiratory obstruction, early surgery, or both. Routine gastric catheterization and aspiration are therefore valuable diagnostic procedures.
Book Review Autism Spectrum Disorders in Infants and Toddlers: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment Edited by Katarzyna Chawarska, Ami Klin, and Fred R. Volkmar. 348 pp. New York, Guilford Press, 2008. $42. 978-1-59385-649-6
Authors: Rita Enahoro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)
Effect of cadmium on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats.
Authors: A Margeli, S Theocharis, S Skaltsas, A Skopelitou, M Mykoniatis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Cadmium is a nonabundant element that is widely distributed throughout the biosphere and its toxic effects are becoming potentially more serious due to industrialization. It has been reported that cadmium might interact with nucleic acid biosynthesis. In this study we examined the effect of cadmium administration, either 24 hr before or simultaneously to partial hepatectomy, on the liver regenerative process in rats, at different time intervals. The rate of DNA synthesis was suppressed markedly in the cadmium pretreated group and the first peak of liver regeneration was delayed, compared to the simply partially hepatectomized one. The administration of cadmium simultaneously to partial hepatectomy, caused a marked decrease of the rate of DNA biosynthesis, compared to the pretreatment. The rate-determining enzyme thymidine kinase was suppressed in the liver of both cadmium-treated groups. Biochemical parameters and histological findings were also coestimated. The above data suggest that either pre- or simultaneous administration of cadmium, suppressed the liver regenerative process, probably due to the inhibition of thymidine kinase.
In Praise of 'Letters'
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In trying to keep up to date with the literature, the medical journal reader will turn to original articles. Here he will find reports on large-scale studies either confirming or discrediting accepted ideas and practices. If lucky, he may even strike a new observation, possibly one in the nature of a breakthrough. When in a less ambitious mood, our reader will glimpse through the letters to the editor. There he will find a mix of useful tips, whether based on anecdotal evidence or derived from modest preliminary studies. These tips may suggest improvements, however small, in diagnostic or therapeutic techniques; they may provide new or revive old clues to prognosis; occasionally they may even suggest a lifesaving maneuver. Such a mélange of tips can be found in any letters to the editor section of reputable medical journals. For instance, browsing through the letters of a randomly selected issue of the
Changes in Cellular Immune Function after Immune Specific Guided Imagery and Relaxation in High and Low Hypnotizable Healthy Subjects
Authors: R. Zachariae, J.B. Hansen, M. Andersen, T. Jinquan, K.S. Petersen, C. Simonsen, C. Zachariae, K. Thestrup-Pedersen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1994)

This article presents the results of two investigations, each measuring cellular immune function on 3 investigation days 1 week apart in 15 high and 15 low hypnotizable healthy subjects randomly selected for three groups: (1) a guided imagery group receiving instructions to enhance cellular immune function: (2) a relaxation group which did not receive instructions regarding the immune system, and (3) a control group. Study 1 investigated changes in monocyte chemotaxis (MC) and lymphocyte proliferative response (LPR) to three mitogens, while natural killer cell activity (NKCA) was measured in study 2. The results show similar patterns of brief decreases in LPR and NKCA immediately after intervention on all investigation days in both the imagery and relaxation groups. Increases in MC were found in both intervention groups on day 1. On a follow-up investigation day in study 2, a brief stress task yielded a slight increase in NKCA. In study 2, the control group showed decreases in NKCA similar to those observed in the two intervention groups. In general there were no significant changes in preintervention immune function throughout the investigation period. When comparing the effects in high and low hypnotizable subjects, we found that high hypnotizables showed greater decreases in LPR and NKCA than low hypnotizables. There are several inconsistencies between the results of the limited number of investigations studying the effects of guided imagery and relaxation on immune function. These differences may in part be explained by differences in methodology, time intervals between blood sampling, and subject characteristics such as age, health status and hypnotizability. The inconsistent results make it premature to make inferences about possible benefits of the application of these techniques in the treatment of immune related diseases, and further investigations are needed.
Protein synthesis of muscle fractions from the small intestine in alcohol fed rats.
Authors: V R Preedy, T J Peters
Journal: Gut (1990)

The effects of chronic ethanol feeding on the amounts and synthesis rates of cytoplasmic, contractile, and stromal protein fractions were investigated in the small intestine of eight pairs of immature and seven pairs of mature rats. Treated rats were fed ethanol as 36% of total energy in a nutritionally adequate liquid diet. Paired controls were fed isovolumetric amounts of the same diet in which ethanol was substituted by isocaloric glucose. After six weeks the total cytoplasmic and contractile protein content in immature rats was reduced by 18% and 31%, respectively (p less than or equal to 0.007). The decline in the stromal protein content (26%) was not statistically significant (p = 0.130). In mature rats the protein contents were also reduced in the cytoplasmic (25%, p = 0.035) and contractile (27%, p = 0.005) protein fractions, though the stromal protein fraction was unaltered (p = 0.913). In immature rats fractional rates of protein synthesis in cytoplasmic and contractile protein fractions of the small intestine were unaltered by chronic ethanol feeding (p less than or equal to 0.853). In mature rats, the synthesis rates of corresponding fractions declined, by 18% and 31%, respectively, but were also not statistically significant (p less than or equal to 0.369). Absolute rates of protein synthesis in immature rats fell by 6% (p = 0.549) in the cytoplasmic and 31% in the contractile protein fraction (p = 0.045). In mature rats, the corresponding reductions were 38% (p = 0.106) and 48% (p = 0.033), respectively. Virtually no radioactivity could be detected in the stromal fraction, signifying very low synthesis rates. Chronic ethanol feeding reduces the amount of protein in the small intestine of the immature and mature rat with the contractile protein fraction showing the greatest decrease. In the absence of statistically significant reductions in fractional synthesis rates a partial adaptation in turnover rates may have occurred.
Effects of Age and Ethnicity on the Link Between APOE epsilon4 and Alzheimer Disease
Authors: D. C. Ewbank
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulated expression of foreign genes in vivo after germline transfer.
Authors: R S Passman, G I Fishman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Tight transcriptional control of foreign genes introduced into the germline of transgenic mice would be of great experimental value in studies of gene function. To develop a system in which the spatial and temporal expression of candidate genes implicated in cardiac development or function could be tightly controlled in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice expressing a tetracycline-controlled transactivator (tTA) under the control of a rat alpha myosin heavy chain promoter (MHC alpha-tTA mice), as well as mice harboring a candidate target gene implicated in the control of differentiation, Id1 (tet-Id1 mice). No expression of the target transgene was detected in any tissues of hemizygous tet-Id1 mice. Genetic crosses with MHC alpha-tTA mice resulted in transactivation of the Id1 transgene, but expression was restricted to heart, where tTA was expressed. Furthermore, transactivation of the target gene was tightly and reversibly controlled by systemic therapy with tetracycline, both in utero and postnatally. These studies demonstrate the feasibility of such a binary approach for tightly controlling the timing and extent of expression of transgenes in vivo. This approach should be generally useful for the ectopic expression of candidate genes in selected tissues during delineated developmental stages.
Prolylcarboxypeptidase (angiotensinase C) in human lung and cultured cells.
Authors: K Kumamoto, T A Stewart, A R Johnson, E G Erdös
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

The activity of prolylcarboxypeptidase (PCP), or angiotensinase C, was measured in lung tissues, leukocytes, and cultured human cells using Cbz-Pro-[14C]Ala as a substrate. A lysosomal fraction of homogenized rat or human lung contained most of the PCP activity in that tissue. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes isolated from human blood had PCP activity. Fibroblasts cultured from human tissues had the highest activity (0.56-1.15 mumol/h per 10(6) cells), more than endothelial cells cultured from human pulmonary arteries. PCP of cultured human fibroblasts was similar to the human renal enzyme because it was resistant to moderate heating and was not inhibited by p-chloromercuriphenyl sulfonic acid. These properties and the substrate specificity distinguish PCP from cathepsin A, which is also in fibroblasts. Antibody to human renal PCP reacted with fibroblast PCP in immunofluorescence, indicating common antigenic determinants. Hydrocortisone changed PCP activity in fibroblasts in parallel with changes in beta-glucuronidase activity and cell-protein concentration; the activity was depressed at low concentration of the hormone. PCP activity was also found in synovial fluid from arthritic joints and in fibroblasts from the synovium. That PCP is found in both inflammatory exudates and in cells that appear at sites of inflammation indicates that, in addition to inactivating angiotensins, this enzyme may have a role in inflammation.
Treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis with ketoconazole: I. Response of seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp to topical ketoconazole
Authors: MARY M. CARR, D.M. PRYCE, F.A. IVE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study was made of ketoconazole shampoo in the treatment of 20 subjects with seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp. Responses were measured by clinicians using clinical gradings, and by the patients using a linear analogue scale. Scaling and itching of the scalp improved significantly with ketoconazole and no response was seen with placebo. Topical ketoconazole appears to be an effective therapy for seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp, and more suitable for long-term treatment than the oral preparation.
Pinch skin grafting or porcine dermis in venous ulcers: a randomised clinical trial.
Authors: K R Poskitt, A H James, E R Lloyd-Davies, J Walton, C McCollum
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Chronic venous ulcers are common, and even with effective compression or elevation large ulcers may take months to heal. Pinch skin grafting may allow healing from epithelial islands throughout the surface area of the ulcer, and a prospective randomised trial was therefore conducted comparing this treatment with porcine dermis dressings. Most patients were treated as outpatients, 25 ulcers being randomised to treatment with pinch skin grafts and 28 to treatment with porcine dermis. Though the groups were well matched, the mean healing rate in the first week was 15 cm2 for pinch skin grafts compared with 3.5 cm2 with porcine dermis (p less than 0.02). By life table analysis 64% of ulcers treated by pinch grafts were healed at six weeks and 74% by 12 weeks compared with 29% and 46% of ulcers, respectively, treated with porcine dermis dressings (chi2 = 4.1; p less than 0.05). All ulcers that failed to heal within 12 weeks included an area posterior to the medial malleolus, where local compression may have been inadequate. Pinch skin grafting improves the rate of healing in large venous ulcers and is a simple technique that may be performed as an outpatient procedure under local anaesthesia.
ABCB1 Modulation Does Not Circumvent Drug Extrusion from Primitive Leukemic Progenitor Cells and May Preferentially Target Residual Normal Cells in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Marc H.G.P. Raaijmakers, Elke P.L.M. de Grouw, Bert A. van der Reijden, Theo J.M. de Witte, Joop H. Jansen, Reinier A.P. Raymakers
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a disease originating from normal hematopoietic CD34+CD38− progenitor cells. Modulation of the multidrug ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCB1 has not resulted in improved outcome in AML, raising the question whether leukemic CD34+CD38− cells are targeted by this strategy. Experimental Design: ABCB1-mediated transport in leukemic CD34+CD38− cells compared with their normal counterparts was assessed by quantitating the effect of specific ABCB1 modulators (verapamil and PSC-833) on mitoxantrone retention [defined as efflux index (EI), intracellular mitoxantrone fluorescence intensity in the presence/absence of inhibitor]. Results: ABCB1 was the major drug transporter in CD34+CD38− cells in normal bone marrow (n = 16), as shown by the abrogation of mitoxantrone extrusion by ABCB1 modulators (EI, 1.99 ± 0.08). Surprisingly, ABCB1-mediated drug extrusion was invariably reduced in CD34+CD38− cells in AML (n = 15; EI, 1.21 ± 0.05; P &amp;lt; 0.001), which resulted in increased intracellular mitoxantrone retention in these cells (mitoxantrone fluorescence intensity, 4.54 ± 0.46 versus 3.08 ± 0.23; P = 0.004). Active drug extrusion from these cells occurred in the presence of ABCB1 modulators in the majority of samples, pointing in the direction of redundant drug extrusion mechanisms. Residual normal CD34+CD38− cells could be identified by their conserved ABCB1-mediated extrusion capacity. Conclusion: ABCB1-mediated drug extrusion is reduced in leukemic CD34+CD38− progenitor cells compared with their residual normal counterparts. Redundant drug transport mechanisms confer mitoxantrone transport from leukemic progenitors. These data argue that ABCB1 modulation is not an effective strategy to circumvent drug extrusion from primitive leukemic progenitor cells and may preferentially target residual normal progenitors in AML.