tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TREATMENT OF STRABISMUS OTHER THAN OPERATIVE.
Authors: EDWARD JACKSON
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Important as is the operative treatment of squint, it is less widely applicable than the non-operative treatment. A large proportion of cases may be cured without operation. The number so cured will increase, as it becomes customary to resort to the proper measures, as soon as the deviation is noticed. But in all cases some non-operative treatment is essential to effect a perfect cure. It may not be required only in that small class of operative cases in which binocular vision and normal ocular movements are not hoped for; but in which by operation we may lessen a deformity that we can not wholly remove. The non-operative treatment for strabismus includes the entire treatment of many cases, and the earliest treatment for all. The indications to be met by it are: 1, to bring about normal innervation of the muscles concerned in ocular movements, by the removal and exclusion of
Transport of lactoferrin from blood to bile in the rat
Authors: Erwin Regoeczi, Paul A. Chindemi, Wei-Li Hu
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The bile contains small quantities of lactoferrin, the origin of which is uncertain. For this reason, we studied the liver's capability of transferring lactoferrin from the plasma to the bile by injecting a dose (10 to 20 micrograms/100 gm) of labeled bovine lactoferrin intravenously and following its appearance in bile over 3 hr. Whether diferric or iron free, lactoferrin peaked in the bile 35 min after administration (i.e., the same time as bovine lactoperoxidase and diferric rat transferrin). However, only a small portion of the lactoferrin dose (approximately 1%) was recovered with the bile in 3 hr. On the basis of autoradiographic evidence, the excreted lactoferrin appeared intact. The biliary excretion profile of albumin, a protein thought to reach the canaliculus by paracellular diffusion, was notably devoid of a peak. This, together with competition observed between lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase on one hand and 2Fe-transferrin and lactoferrin on the other for transfer to bile, suggests that lactoferrin is routed through the hepatocyte in vesicles. The process is initiated by binding to a plasma membrane component to which lactoperoxidase and 2Fe-transferrin can also bind. Most 59Fe bound to lactoferrin accompanied the protein carrier to the bile. We conclude that under normal circumstances (i.e., when concentration of lactoferrin in the plasma is very low), lactoferrin transferred from plasma by the liver is probably not the major source of this protein in bile.
Phase 2 study of arsenic trioxide followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Masamitsu Yanada, Motohiro Tsuzuki, Hiroyuki Fujita, Katsumichi Fujimaki, Shin Fujisawa, Kazutaka Sunami, Masafumi Taniwaki, Akira Ohwada, Kosuke Tsuboi, Akio Maeda, Akihiro Takeshita, Shigeki Ohtake, Yasushi Miyazaki, Yoshiko Atsuta, Yukio Kobayashi, Tomoki Naoe, Nobuhiko Emi
Journal: Blood (2013)
Ophthalmoplegia, Ataxia, and Areflexia
Authors: Robert F. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE COMBINATION OF sudden, progressive ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia following an upper respiratory infection is extremely rare and has been linked with the constellation of findings known as the Guillain-Barré syndrome. The purpose of this communication is to report the sixth case of this unusual variant of the syndrome. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 54-year-old white foreman of a graveyard was transferred to Kansas City General Hospital on Jan 14, 1961. On Jan 1 he had complained of generalized muscular aching and a mild cough. The oral temperature was 102 F (38.9 C) and ranged during the next 5 days from normal to 103 F (39.4 C). On Jan 7 he returned to work but noticed trembling of the hands and arms. The next morning he complained of blurred vision when viewing distant objects and later noticed paresthesias in both hands and across the forehead. On Jan 8 he was
Multicenter, Randomized Trial for Stage IIIB or IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using Weekly Paclitaxel and Carboplatin Followed by Maintenance Weekly Paclitaxel or Observation
Authors: Chandra P. Belani, John Barstis, Michael C. Perry, Renato V. La Rocca, Sreenivasa R. Nattam, David Rinaldi, Ray Clark, Glenn M. Mills
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: To explore the efficacy and safety of three regimens of weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin as initial therapy and the feasibility of subsequent maintenance therapy versus observation in patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and Methods: Four hundred one patients were randomly assigned to one of the following arms: arm 1, paclitaxel 100 mg/m 2 weekly for 3 of 4 weeks with carboplatin (area under the curve [AUC] = 6) on day 1; arm 2, paclitaxel 100 mg/m 2 and carboplatin (AUC = 2) weekly for 3 of 4 weeks; or arm 3, paclitaxel 150 mg/m 2 cycle 1 and 100 mg/m 2 cycle 2 and carboplatin (AUC = 2) weekly for 6 of 8 weeks. Patients who responded (n = 130) at week 16 were randomly assigned to either weekly paclitaxel therapy (70 mg/m 2 , 3 of 4 weeks; n = 65) or observation (n = 65). Results: For the 390 assessable patients, the objective response rates observed with initial therapy were 32% for arm 1, 24% for arm 2, and 18% for arm 3. The median time to progression and median survival times were 30 and 49 weeks for arm 1, 21 and 31 weeks for arm 2, and 27 and 40 weeks for arm 3, respectively. The 1-year survival rates were 47% for arm 1, 31% for arm 2, and 41% for arm 3. Conclusion: Arm 1, paclitaxel 100 mg/m 2 weekly for 3 of 4 weeks with carboplatin (AUC = 6) administered on day 1, demonstrates the most favorable therapeutic index in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Abstract 3621: Dietary zinc and prostate cancer: a case-control study in African Americans men.
Authors: Firas Dabbous, Umaima Al-alem, Sparkle Springfield, Abeer M. Mahmoud, Ken Batai, Ebony Shah, Chiledum Ahaghotu, Rick A. Kittles
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer is a solid malignancy that disproportionately affects men of African descent. Zinc, an essential dietary trace mineral, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Total zinc intake is lower in older African American men compared to European Americans (NHANES III). Despite the high prevalence of prostate cancer and decreased levels of zinc intake among African Americans, very little is known about the relationship between zinc intake and prostate cancer in this group. This is significant because dietary factors such as zinc intake are potentially modifiable risk factors. Here, we examine the association between self-reported zinc intake and prostate cancer in a hospital-based case-control study. Methods: Newly diagnosed African American men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer (n=141) were recruited from an urban academic urology clinic in Washington, DC. Controls (n=109) were unaffected volunteers. Usual dietary intake was assessed at the time of recruitment (2000 to 2004) with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire. Two tailed T-Test was used to compare characteristic means between cases and controls. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: In this population, cases were older and had higher levels of PSA. Controls had higher zinc intake, with a mean of 13.23 mg/day (SD±13.9) versus 10.67 mg/day (SD±7.3) for cases. An increase of 1 mg/day of zinc decreased the odds of prostate cancer by 3% (OR=0.97 and 95% CI: 0.95-1.002). Controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), PSA and total food energy intake did not affect the observed association. Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest that zinc intake may have slight protective effect on prostate cancer. These analyses should be repeated in large studies to confirm these findings. Citation Format: Firas Dabbous, Umaima Al-alem, Sparkle Springfield, Abeer M. Mahmoud, Ken Batai, Ebony Shah, Chiledum Ahaghotu, Rick A. Kittles. Dietary zinc and prostate cancer: a case-control study in African Americans men. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3621. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3621
Searching for a Neurobiological Basis for Self-Medication Theory in ADHD Comorbid With Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Neivo Silva, Claudia M. Szobot, Ming C. Shih, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Carlos Eduardo Anselmi, Flavio Pechansky, Rodrigo A. Bressan, Luis Augusto Rohde
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUD) frequently co-occur. Although several studies have shown changes in striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) density in these disorders, little is known about the neurobiological basis of the comorbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate striatal DAT density in treatment-naive ADHD adolescents with SUD (ADHD + SUD) and without SUD (ADHD), compared to SUD adolescents without ADHD (SUD) and healthy control subjects (HC).Sixty-two male age-matched subjects diagnosed with DSM-IV criteria were included: ADHD + SUD (n = 18), SUD (n = 14), HC (n = 19), and ADHD (n = 11). Urine tests confirmed participants' drug use. All subjects performed SPECT scans with Tc-TRODAT-1 to evaluate DAT density in the striatum.The mean right striatum specific binding were 1.68 (ADHD), 1.38 (ADHD + SUD), 1.19 (HC), 1.17 (SUD), and in left striatum 1.65 (ADHD), 1.39 (ADHD + SUD), 1.19 (HC), and 1.17 (SUD). The ADHD group presented significantly higher striatal DAT density compared with ADHD + SUD, SUD, and HC groups. Adolescents with ADHD + SUD had significantly lower DAT density than those with ADHD, but significantly higher DAT density than those with SUD only and no significant difference from the healthy control group.The ADHD + SUD group had lower striatal DAT density in comparison with ADHD without SUD. It is possible to speculate that the use of cannabis and cocaine is responsible for the lower striatal DAT density in this group which would help in understanding the neurobiological basis for the self-medication theory in ADHD adolescents.
Das Herz des Menschen. Vol I und II
Authors: Ford K. Hick
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This work, made up of contributions from 19 authors, presents the basic scientific foundation for clinical and therapeutic studies in cardiology. Prepared by preclinical scientists, it includes little clinical material and nothing bearing directly on diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. It does, however, present a mass of basic science information about the heart, its anatomy, pathology, and physiology. It is, as the foreword states, "more than a textbook but less than a handbook." Beautifully and profusely illustrated, it is attractive, well indexed, and heavily studded with pertinent and up-to-date references. In some respects the book is unique. For example, Dr. Harry Monsen, the anatomist, tells me he knows of no other volume presenting such quantitative data on embryology. He adds that the section on "mechanics in heart development" is to be found elsewhere only in research journals. The electron microscopy pictures of heart muscle and conducting tissue are impressive.
VALUE OF SMALL QUANTITIES OF HUMAN MILK IN THE TREATMENT OF INFANTILE ATROPHY AND THE INFECTIONS OF INFANTS.
Authors: FRANCIS P. DENNY
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Recent additions to our knowledge of the differences between human and cows' milk as a food for infants seem to show that the superiority of mothers' milk depends in part on the action of substances which are of the nature of ferments. As ferments are bodies "which are themselves unaffected by the changes which they produce" and which "can work on indefinitely, provided the products of their action do not accumulate too much,"<sup>1</sup>it follows that the benefits of human milk, in so far as they are dependent on the action of ferments, will not be proportional to the amount that is given, but effects may be expected from relatively small amounts. It is the purpose of this paper: To discuss recent investigations in regard to human milk, and to show that artificial feeding fails in just those conditions in which the action of ferments is thought to play
Diabetic Retinopathy in Oklahoma Indians With NIDDM: Incidence and risk factors
Authors: Elisa T Lee, Vivian S Lee, Ronald M Kingsley, Min Lu, Dana Russell, Nabih R Asal, C P Wilkinson, Reagan H Bradford
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence rates and risk factors for development of diabetic retinopathy in Oklahoma Indians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cohort follow-up study with baseline examination between 1972 and 1980 and follow-up examination between 1987 and 1991. Mean ± SD follow-up time was 12.8 ± 1.7 yr. Eleven Indian Health Service facilities (clinics and hospitals) in Oklahoma participated in the study. Study participants were a quasirandom sample of 1012 American Indians (379 men, 633 women) in Oklahoma with NIDDM, 927 of whom received a detailed eye examination at baseline. The mean age of participants was 52 yr with a duration of diabetes of 6.9 yr at baseline. The average quantum of Indian blood was 92% (77% full blood). At follow-up, 515 (55.6%) were alive, 408 (44.0%) were deceased, and 4 (0.4%) could not be traced. Of the living participants, 380 (73.8%) underwent an ophthalmoscopic examination. RESULTS The incidence of retinopathy among the participants who were free of disease at baseline and who survived the follow-up interval was 72.3%. By multivariate analysis, significant independent predictors of retinopathy recorded at baseline were FPG level, therapeutic regimen, systolic blood pressure, and duration of diabetes. FPG levels ≥ 11.1 mM (200 mg/dl) increased the risk of retinopathy 1.7 times that for levels &amp;lt; 7.8 mM (140 mg/dl). Insulin use was associated with a 20% greater incidence. Hypertension was a particularly significant risk factor for those with lower FPG levels. CONCLUSIONS Given that NIDDM is reaching epidemic proportions in Oklahoma Indians and that most may be afflicted with retinopathy, frequent ophthalmological examinations are clearly indicated for this high-risk population. The role of intervention, namely glycemic and hypertensive control, deserves further study.
Self-Assessment of Medical Knowledge Programs
Authors: Hugh R. Butt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

A scant six years ago, the American College of Physicians (ACP) developed a concept of the Medical Knowledge Self-Assessment Program (MKSAP) designed to help physicians determine, voluntarily and confidentially, their current awareness of biomedical knowledge as applied to the clinical practice of internal medicine. By measuring how well they kept up with the continuing flow of information, physicians were able to ascertain for themselves in what areas they were deficient and thus to guide themselves in future continuing-education activities. Also, practicing physicians could find out what medical educators thought should be known and how this knowledge could best be applied . . .
Reflex in Irritable Urethra.
Authors: Jas. H. Morroway
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Bagley, Iowa, March 4, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —An aid in the diagnosis of irritable or irritated urethral mucous membrane and in the so-called uricacidemics, especially in those where there is great benefit derived from a few passages of the cold steel sound, is what may be called the "umbilico-urethral reflex." The elicitation of this is an easy matter in lean individuals, but in fat persons, difficult, yet practicable. The manner of performance is a movement from above downward of the nail of the forefinger over the exact center of the umbilicus—"a scratching"—and done not quickly or lightly. This causes the above characterized patients to complain of a sharp, shooting, cutting pain, sometimes of momentary persistence followed by a desire to urinate—from the neck of the bladder to the meatus urethræ. I will not attempt to explain the observation, but believe it due to the complex innervation of the fetal
Gunshot-Wound of Abdomen: Abdominal Section: Wounded Intestine Sutured to Surface: Death from Shock
Authors: J. Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (1883)

CASE III occurred in a soldier-a most insubordinate man, with uncontrollable temper.In this case, there was a depressed fracture of the frontal bone.This fracture prevented his being certified fit for corporal punishment.
The Prevention of Hepatitis B in Medical Students
Authors: Jeffrey T. Kuvin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Hepatitis B is the most important chronic viremia in the world, bar none.<sup>1</sup>This global pandemic of hepatitis B contrasts with the 6 to 15 million cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection worldwide (<i>Sci Am.</i>1988;258:82-89; and World Health Organization Global Programme of AIDS, unpublished data, 1989. We are currently witnessing a growing national problem regarding hepatitis B, with about 300 000 new infections each year.<sup>2</sup>Hepatitis B is a major cause of primary hepatocellular cancer, with almost 60 million of the world's chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus destined to die of the complications of this disease. Clearly, the infection rates of hepatitis B, which is transmitted through blood, sex, needles, and birth, are alarming and have a direct impact on the health of medical students currently receiving their education in the United States. Numerous vaccination programs targeted at eliminating the spread of hepatitis
NOSE AND THROAT OBSERVATIONS IN EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors: PHILIP S. STOUT
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Four years ago the chief of the Asthma Clinic arranged with a member of the laryngeal staff (Dr. C. F. Moore) to examine in the Asthma Clinic each patient's nose, throat and ears, thinking that by this method infections and abnormalities of the nose, throat and ears would be immediately detected and proper treatment could be started without delay. For the last three years I have done this work. Treatments of the nose and throat are not, however, given in the Asthma Clinic, but all patients requiring such treatments are referred to the laryngeal department under Dr. Fielding O. Lewis, at whose request all these asthma patients are again referred to me. In this way a more careful follow-up system was established, and the increasing percentage of improvements in these patients argues favorably for this procedure. This study is made from the examination of a rather large series of patients
When to Perform Biopsies of Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Young Patients
Authors: Elliot Abemayor
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We wish to point out an error in the otherwise excellent article by Slap et al that appeared in the Sept 14 issue ofThe Journal.<sup>1</sup>They correctly note that cervical lymphadenopathy in older patients probably represents cancer rather than infection.<sup>2</sup>Their suggestion to perform biopsies of these enlarged nodes, however, can be disastrous and violates the standard of oncological care in the community of head and neck surgeons. Hayes Martin<sup>2</sup>warned surgeons never to perform a biopsy of an enlarged, potentially cancer-filled neck node. McGuirt and McCabe<sup>3</sup>retrospectively reviewed cases in which such biopsies took place. The incidence of wound infection and local and distant disease was higher in the group that underwent biopsies than in the group undergoing en-bloc resection. The current evaluation of an enlarged cervical node in an elderly individual should include a head and neck examination of the
Xeno-free serum replacement for ex vivo culture and expansion of T cells
Authors: Karoline W Schjetne, Grethe Økern, Sandra Kuligowski, Tanja Aarvak
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The manufacture of a majority of clinical T cell products for immunotherapy applications requires ex vivo T cell culture and expansion. Commercialization of T cell manufacturing processes requires reagents that meet regulatory guidelines and ultimately help reduce manufacturing
[610] AN OPEN-LABEL, COMPARATIVE, MULTICENTER STUDY OF PEGINTERFERON a-2a PLUS RIBAVIRIN FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C/HEPATITIS B CO-INFECTION VERSUS CHRONIC HEPATITIS C MONOINFECTION: AN INTERIM REPORT
Authors: C.-J. Liu, P.-J. Chen, J.-H. Kao, M.-Y. Lai, C.-L. Chen, C.-H. Liu, D.-S. Chen, M.-L. Yu, C.-Y. Dai, Y.-Z. Lin, W.-L. Chuang, S.-N. Lu, J.-H. Wang, T.-H. Hu, C.-H. Hung, C.-M. Lee, W.-W. Su, S.-S. Wu, C.-L. Lin, L.-Y. Liao, H.-T. Kuo, H.-D. Tung, Y.-C. Chao, S.-Y. Tung, S.-S. Yang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
TOTAL NONDIALYZABLE SOLIDS (TNDS) IN HUMAN URINE. I. THE AMOUNT AND COMPOSITION OF TNDS FROM NORMAL SUBJECTS1
Authors: J. S. King, W. H. Boyce, J. M. Little, C. Artom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1958)

A number of high molecular weight compounds have been separated as constituents of normal urine.Regardless of the investigators' intention, in practically all of these studies only one or a few components were isolated.Interpretation and cor- relation of these numerous data, obtained by vari- ous procedures, would be greatly facilitated by the quantitative determination of the amount and composition of the total biocolloid content of nor- mal 24 hour urine specimens.Hamerman, Hatch, Reife, and Bartz (1) have reported the recovery of the total nondialyzable solids (TNDS) from three 24 hour urine specimens by alternate dialysis and vacuum distillation with final lyophilization.The following experiments were designed to ex- pand these data and to study individual variations in TNDS, in order to establish the limits of such variation in normal human urine.
More on Medical Malpractice
Authors: David R. Neiblum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 June 1993More on Medical MalpracticeDavid R. Neiblum, MDDavid R. Neiblum, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-11-199306010-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his editorial, Mr. Bovbjerg [1] failed to mention two of the best measures to curtail the myriad medical malpractice suits in the United States:1. Have plaintiff's attorneys pay all fees and levy stiff penalties for suits deemed frivolous.2. Eliminate the antiquated and unfair contingency fee remuneration of plaintiff's attorneys. Instead, have them work by an hourly or case rate, as do plumbers, auto mechanics, defense attorneys, and yes, physicians.Things would change in a hurry.Reference1. Bovbjerg RR. Medical malpractice: folklore, facts, and the future. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:788-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1993Volume 118, Issue 11Page: 909-910 Issue Published: 1 June 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Fulminant hepatitis caused by a hepatitis B virus core region variant strain
Authors: Junko Nakayama, Toshio Nakanishi, Toshiyuki Obatake, Keiko Arataki, Eiji Sanada, Fumiko Sasaki, Takashi Moriya, Mikiya Kitamoto, Yasuyuki Watanabe, Goro Kajiyama
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1995)
704-5 Adenosine Dilates Conductance and Resistance Vessels in Denervated Human Coronary Arteries and is more Potent than Dipyridamole
Authors: Tony M. Chou, Thomas M. Amidon, Krishnankutty Sudhir, Cindy S. Klinski, Debra M. Lau, Teresa DeMarco, Kanu Chatterjee, Elias H. Botvinik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)