tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of pathologic and angiographic findings in a porcine preparation of coronary atherosclerosis.
Authors: B H Weiner, I S Ockene, J Jarmolych, K E Fritz, A S Daoud
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Coronary atherosclerosis was induced in Yorkshire swine by diet-induced hyperlipidemia and balloon intimal abrasion of a coronary artery. Severe stenoses pathologically similar to the lesions of human atherosclerosis were seen after 8 months of the atherogenic regimen. To examine the relationship between the angiogram and pathology in the assessment of the extent and location of coronary atherosclerosis, antemortem angiographic results were compared with results of pathologic examination. Vernier caliper measurements of the coronary angiogram were compared with results of morphometric evaluation of perfusion-fixed coronary arteries. Isolated focal stenoses were correctly localized and quantified, as were focal lesions within vessels diffusely diseased. Both overestimation and underestimation of lesions occurred at bifurcation sites. Diffuse disease without focal stenoses was not well demonstrated angiographically. Vessels that were angiographically thought to be normal or only minimally diseased demonstrated significantly larger lumens angiographically than pathologically. This is believed to be due to fixation and paraffin-processing artifact, even though fixation was performed by perfusion at physiologic pressure. The demonstration of an excellent correlation between the luminal size as determined angiographically and morphometrically at sites of focal obstruction confirms the value of quantitation of coronary angiograms in vivo as a diagnostic tool in coronary atherosclerosis.
Epidemiology and outcome of thrombocytopenic patients in the intensive care unit: results of a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Fabrice Thiolliere, Anne Françoise Serre-Sapin, Jean Reignier, Marcel Benedit, Jean Michel Constantin, Christine Lebert, Dominique Guélon, Jean François Timsit, Bertrand Souweine
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
Hemiplegia as a Complication in Typhoid Fever.
Authors: Theodore Diller
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Pittsburg, Pa., Aug. 17, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —On two or more occasions I examined the literature to ascertain the frequency of hemiplegia as a complication of typhoid fever, and I was able to find very few references to it. Some text-books failed to mention the subject, and in none can one find it adequately treated. The accounts by Osler and Nothnagel were the fullest found. Therefore, the article on this subject by Dr. Frank Smithies, Ann Arbor, inThe Journal, August 3, impresses me as a very valuable one. After considerable search through the literature, Dr. Smithies was able to collect forty-three cases. In his text-book Dr. Osler refers to Hawkins' collection of seventeen cases as the largest number with which he is familiar. The value of Dr. Smithies' paper thus becomes apparent. The writings of Nothnagel, Osler and Hawkins, and this recent paper by Smithies indicate that hemiplegia
Carcinoma of the Mammary Crease
Authors: James R. Watson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Few cases of carcinoma of the mammary crease appear in the literature. Seven such cases from a series of 402 consecutive breast carcinomas emphasize several characteristics of this disease. The lesion initially resembles a callus and its significance is usually overlooked, which leads to delayed diagnosis and therapy. Although it is frequently ulcerated with underlying fascial fixation, radical "curative" surgery in selected cases is justified.
The expansion of human ES and iPS cells on porous membranes and proliferating human adipose-derived feeder cells
Authors: Seung-Taeh Hwang, Sun-Woong Kang, Suk-Jun Lee, Tae-Hee Lee, Wonhee Suh, Sung Han Shim, Dong-Ryul Lee, Lakeshia J. Taite, Kwang-Soo Kim, Soo-Hong Lee
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
William (“Bill”) George French
Authors: Peter Gordon
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Founder of the Northern Ireland Renal ServiceMollie McGeown overcame gender prejudice in 1950s Northern Ireland medicine to build a career that changed the lives of thousands of people affected by kidney failure.After completing an MD thesis on endocarditis followed by a PhD in biochemistry, she was awarded a five year Medical Research Council fellowship and went on to develop an international reputation in calcium metabolism, hyperparathyroidism, and kidney stone disease.In 1959 she was appointed to set up a dialysis service for Northern Ireland and carried out the first successful dialysis on a uraemic patient later that year.This was a pivotal moment for patients in Northern Ireland with kidney failure.Over 200 patients in Northern Ireland at that time died each year from this cause.In 1971 a young woman treated by Mollie for pregnancy related renal failure founded the Northern Ireland Kidney Research Fund, which has to date raised £3m (€4.38m; $5.6m).Mollie was the patron of this fund up to her death.
Influence of Local Temperature and of Digital Nerve Block on Critical Opening Pressure of Vessels in the Finger
Authors: P. GASKELL, A. DIOSY
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

Local cooling of the finger increased and local warming decreased the critical opening pressure of small vessels supplying the nailfold capillaries. Digital nerve block also decreased the critical closing pressure of these vessels independently of any concomitant change in local temperature.
Altered oscillatory work by ventricular myofilaments from a rabbit coronary artery ligation model of heart failure
Authors: D Miller
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Objectives: Understanding the changed ability of cardiac myofilaments to produce pump work requires knowledge of kinetics of crossbridge function as well as more widely studied parameters such as Ca-sensitivity and isometric force development. We tested the hypothesis that altered crossbridge kinetics contribute to reduced myofilament work in early-stage heart failure (left ventricular dysfunction, LVD). Methods: The sinusoidal oscillation technique can yield insights into crossbridge function. Dynamic stiffness, oscillatory work and power were assessed in chemically skinned, Ca-activated trabeculae from rabbit ventricles in early-stage failure, 8 weeks after infarction induced by coronary artery ligation (LIG). Results were compared with sham-operated controls (SH). LVD was assessed by echocardiography. Results: Ca-activated force and myofilament Ca-sensitivity were not significantly altered at this early stage of LVD. In maximally Ca-activated preparations, the frequency of minimal dynamic stiffness (fmin) was 23% lower in LIG. fmin increases by >80% between pCa 5.8 and 4 in SH but not in LIG. Maximal phase lead and lag angles (between length and tension) were lower in LIG at frequencies near fmin, lowering oscillatory work and power. The Lissajous figures (oscillatory work loops) of imposed length vs. tension are often asymmetric near fmin. The degree of asymmetry was greater in LIG. Conclusions: Reduced capacity for mechanical power, consistent with depressed haemodynamic performance in LVD hearts, is only partially attributable to crossbridge slowing; changes in the phase relationship will also contribute. These changes are not readily attributable to known alterations in contractile protein isoforms. Some deductions are drawn about which steps in the crossbridge cycle are modified in this model of LVD. Altered cardiac myocyte Ca-transients, reported to be associated with LVD, will be translated into pump work by a contractile machinery that is functionally altered, even though isometric force and myofilament Ca-sensitivity might remain near-normal at this stage.
Understanding the Divergent Data on Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy
Authors: Francine Grodstein, Thomas B. Clarkson, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

In contrast to observational studies, randomized clinical trials of hormone-replacement therapy have not shown a cardioprotective effect. The authors propose several methodologic and biologic explanations for these discrepant results.
Survey Methods in Community Medicine
Authors: Christopher Maylahn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 May 2000Survey Methods in Community MedicineChristopher Maylahn, MPHChristopher Maylahn, MPHBureau of Health Risk Reduction, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York. (Maylahn)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-10-200005160-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Fifth edition. Abramson JH, Abramson ZH. 419 pages. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1999. $39.00. ISBN 0443061637. Order phone 800-543-1918.Field of medicine: Epidemiology and public health.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Physicians, nurses, health educators, managers, and public health officials.Purpose: To provide a simple, systematic guide to planning and performing health-related studies.Content: The book begins with the first steps that an investigator must consider after a health-related problem or issue has been identified. Successive chapters address such topics as ethical issues, sample selection, measurement scales, collection and analysis of data, and interpretation of study findings. Health surveys, cohort and case–control ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bureau of Health Risk Reduction, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York. (Maylahn) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 May 2000Volume 132, Issue 10Page: 848KeywordsCohort studiesEpidemiological methods and statisticsEpidemiologyHealth surveysInternetPrevention, policy, and public healthSoftware toolsStatistical data ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 16 May 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reforming the consultant contract again?: Applied in partnership, the contract works for both consultants and patients
Authors: Jonathan M Fielden
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Maynard and Bloor show no benefit of financial incentives, rather their limitations, divisions, and distortions, with regard to the consultant contract.1 Most recent changes in health have not been driven by such incentives.

Overall, 85% of consultants have signed up to the new contract. Surveys show that a third are already seeing improvements. …
Contact Dermatitis in Home Helps Following the Use of Enzyme Detergents
Authors: C. F. J. Ducksbury, V. K. Dave
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Twelve women in the home help service in Nottingham developed dermatitis after using enzyme detergents. A survey based on a questionary showed an incidence of 5% among those using them. The enzyme appears to act as a primary irritant.
The Evolutionary Fate of Nonfunctional DNA in the Bacterial Endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola
Authors: L. Gomez-Valero
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2004)

Reduction of the genome size in endosymbiotic bacteria is the main feature linked to the adaptation to a host-associated lifestyle. We have analyzed the fate of the nonfunctional DNA in Buchnera aphidicola, the primary endosymbiont of aphids. At least 164 gene losses took place during the recent evolution of three B. aphidicola strains, symbionts of the aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (BAp), Schizaphis graminum (BSg), and Baizongia pistacia (BBp). A typical pattern starts with the inactivation of a gene, which produces a pseudogene, and is followed by the progressive loss of its DNA. Our results show that during the period from the separation of the Aphidinae and Pemphiginae lineages (86–164 MYA) to the divergence of BAp and BSg (50–70 MYA) the half-life of a pseudogene was 23.9 Myr. For the remaining periods of evolution, the ranges of values obtained for this parameter are of the same order of magnitude. These results have revealed that a gene inactivated during B. aphidicola evolution requires 40–60 Myr to become almost completely disintegrated. Moreover, we have shown a positive correlation between the decrease in the GC content and the DNA loss for these nonfunctional DNA regions. When gene losses are classified, based on the detection of a pseudogene or otherwise of an absent gene in the modern B. aphidicola genomes, we have observed a drastic reduction of DNA length in the latter versus the former relative to the functional gene. Finally, we have also detected a slight reduction in size of the intergenic regions in the three B. aphidicola strains, when they are compared with the size of the close relative Escherichia coli.
Studies with the maximal histamine test.
Authors: B J Vakiland, A M Mulekar
Journal: Gut (1965)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS The maximal acid output in Indian controls and subjects with duodenal ulcer is lower than that reported from the West.There is a significantly higher acid output in men than in women of comparable age and weight groups.After 50 years of age, there is a falling-off in acid output in both sexes.No significant decline in acid outputs could be established with age in subjects under 50 years of age.There is an increase in acid output with increase in weight in both sexes, more pronounced for females.Male smokers have a higher acid output than men who do not smoke, but the difference is not significant.There is no difference in acid output between vegetarians and non-vegetarians.
Angioneurotic Edema as a Side Effect of Pioglitazone
Authors: Samiah Shadid, Michael D. Jensen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Thiazolidinediones are agents used to improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. We are currently conducting an institutional review board-approved research study to examine the effects of pioglitazone on metabolic parameters in upper body-obese volunteers. One of the volunteers developed a sore throat 7 days after starting the …
Bowel Compression on the Gallbladder Mimicking a Gallstone on Cholescintigraphy
Authors: ERRIN J. HOFFMAN, MARK TULCHINSKY, DOUGLAS F. EGGLI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A photopenic defect was noted over the gallbladder on cholescintigraphy, which has been previously described in the literature as a sign of cholelithiasis. It changed in size and appearance during the course of the examination. An ultrasound examination revealed no cholelithiasis. However, there was a loop of colon juxtaposed to the gallbladder, which intermittently indented the wall. This was the only explanation for the photopenic defect observed on cholescintigraphy. Recognition of this possibility may prevent misdiagnosis of cholelithiasis on cholescintigraphy.
Abstract 3164: <i>MiR-134</i> expression is oncogenic for oral cancer
Authors: Chung-Ji Liu, Shu Chuan Lin, Kuo-Wei Chang, Meng-Miao Tsai Tsai
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant diseases around the worldwide. Understanding the pathogenetic basis of these tumors will bestow profound benefits in resolution of this disease, to validate individualized therapy and reduction in medical resources consumption. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a short, non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression by controlling mRNA translation. Which can affect biological and pathological processes. Dysregulation of miRNA function might lead to human disease including human cancers. Upregulation of miR-134 in OSCC was observed in a our previous study. However, the clinical implications and functions of miR-134 in oral tumorigenesis remain unclear. Methods Quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze the miR-134 expression in OSCC tissue pairs. The oncogenic phenotypes including proliferation, migration and anchorage-independent colony formation were assayed in cells with miR-134 expression or miR-134 blockage. The xenografic tumorigenecity was assayed on nude mice model. TargetScan predicted WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) a tumor suppressor gene to be putative targets of miR-134. To test the targeting activity of miR-134, antisense sequences complementary to miR-134 sequences and the 3β untranslatedregion (UTR) of WWOX containing predictive miR-134 target sites were cloned into the pCMV-LacZ plasmid at the 3α-end of the lacZ coding sequence; these reporter plasmids were designated miR-134-asR and pCMV-LacZ-WWOX3αUTR, respectively. Results miR-134 was found to be markedly upregulated in cancerous tissues than in non-cancerous matched tissues in OSCC tissue pairs. Higher miR-134 was associated with the more advanced tumor size and vascular invasion. Transfection of miR-134 precursor transiently upregulated miR-134 expression in OSCC cells. It increased oncogenic potential of OSCC cells. Conversely, the in vitro oncogenic potential of OSCC cells was attenuated after blocking of miR-134 expression. Stable SAS OSCC cell subclone with ectopic miR-134 expression was established by lentiviral delivery. Ectopic miR-134 expression increased the tumorigenicity of SAS subclone. Downregulation of WWOX mRNA expression and protein expression was found in SAS-miR-134 cells compared with controls. Conversely, upregulation of WWOX mRNA expression and protein on miR-134 LNA treatment relative to controls was found. Conclusion This identified for the first time that miR-134 is oncogenic to oral epithelium and its expression level could be validated as a diagnostic marker of OSCC. Our findings suggest that miR-134 contributes to the development of OSCC by targeting WWOX. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3164. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3164
Drug regulator criticised for error in reporting consultation results
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The UK consumers' association Which? has called for a review of the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) after the organisation admitted that it had made an “administrative error” in reporting results of a public consultation on the availability of the over the counter statin Zocor Heart-Pro (simvastatin).

The agency held a public consultation last year on whether the cholesterol lowering drug should be available from pharmacies without a prescription. A report by the Committee on Safety of Medicines was made available for consultation and 100 pharmaceutical groups; medical colleges; and organisations, patient groups, industry representatives, and members of the public replied. In May 2004, the MHRA reported on its website that “about two thirds of respondents were in …
Angiotensin I converting enzyme gene polymorphism in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hiroaki Yoshida, Satoru Kuriyama, Yoshihito Atsumi, Haruo Tomonari, Tetsuya Mitarai, Akihiko Hamaguchi, Hitoshi Kubo, Yoshindo Kawaguchi, Valentina Kon, Kenpei Matsuoka, Iekuni Ichikawa, Osamu Sakai
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
FMRP Acts as a Key Messenger for Dopamine Modulation in the Forebrain
Authors: Hansen Wang, Long-Jun Wu, Susan S. Kim, Frank J.S. Lee, Bo Gong, Hiroki Toyoda, Ming Ren, Yu-Ze Shang, Hui Xu, Fang Liu, Ming-Gao Zhao, Min Zhuo
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Feasibility of a Noncontact Catheter for Endocardial Mapping of Human Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Richard J. Schilling, Nicholas S. Peters, D. Wyn Davies
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is limited by difficulty in identifying suitable sites for ablation. This study assesses use of a system capable of simultaneous endocardial mapping of the human left ventricle to map and guide radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of VT. Methods and Results —A catheter-mounted noncontact multielectrode array was used to reconstruct 3360 electrograms, superimposed onto a computer-simulated endocardial model. Of 24 patients studied, 20 had ischemic heart disease. Exit sites were demonstrated by the noncontact system in 80 (99%) of 81 VTs, with complete VT circuits traced in 17 (21%). In another 37 VTs, 36±30% (mean±SD) of the diastolic interval was identified. Thirty-eight VT morphologies were ablated with 154 RF energy applications. Successful ablation was achieved by 77% of RF applications to relevant diastolic activity identified by the system and was significantly more likely ( P &lt;0.0001) than by RF at the VT exit or remote from diastolic activation. Over a mean follow-up of 1.5 years, 14 patients (64%) have had no recurrence of VT, and only 2 target VTs (5.3%) have recurred. Five patients have had recurrence of other VTs. Conclusions —This noncontact mapping system identified diastolic portions of the circuit in most VTs studied and can safely map and guide ablation of human VT.
Depression in children
Authors: P. Hazell
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Children with depressive disorders lack interest in activities they previously enjoyed, criticise themselves, and are pessimistic or hopeless about the future. They may feel sad or irritable. Problems at school arise from indecision and difficulties with concentration. Depressed children tend to lack energy and have problems sleeping. They may have stomach aches or headaches. Morbid thoughts may progress to suicidal thinking and even suicide attempts.1 For various reasons, some adults find it hard to accept that children may experience unpleasant psychological states such as depression. Compared with the literature on depression in adults, evidence from randomised controlled trials for the efficacy of treatments for depression in young people is scarce.

A community survey of Australian children found that 3.7% of boys and 2.1% of girls aged 6-12 years had experienced a depressive episode in the previous 12 months.2 The average duration of a depressive episode in young people is about nine months, with a 70% …
Variability of ZAP 70 expression in a patient with CLL
Authors: Bassem T. Chaar, Leonard Grosso, Paul J. Petruska
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

To the Editor: Primary tonsillary lymphoma accounts for less than 1% of head and neck malignancies.Tonsillectomy is used to mainly establish the diagnosis and can be performed for localized small lesions.In general, the patients are treated by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy [1,2].We present a 23-year-old woman who was referred to our ENT clinic with asymmetric tonsillary enlargement and acute bleeding.Tonsillectomy was performed.In paraffin sections; a tumor composed of large lymphoid cells that were positive for CD20, bcl-2, and p53 by immunohistochemistry was identified.Ki-67 index was roughly 80% (Figure 1).Polymerase chain reaction for immunoglobulin gene rearrangements was performed using DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue and showed a single band indicating the presence of a clonal B cell proliferation.A diagnosis of ''Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma'' was rendered.No clinical or radiological evidence for tumor involvement in any other site was identified and the patient was accepted as Stage I clinically.The patient did not accept any further treatment.The patient was followed periodically every 6 months.Recurrence or systemic involvement was not observed during the 5-year-follow-up.This case is unusual since only tonsillectomy was curative.In general, radiation therapy is considered the primary mode of therapy for localized disease in tonsil lymphomas (stages I and II) [3,4].In one study, Jelic et al. reported a cure rate of 80% among their stage I NHL patients, who they followed without any therapy.In light of their experience as well as our observation, therapy options for localized NHL cases should be re-evaluated.