tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Amicrobial pustulosis with antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor
Authors: S. Inui, H. Azukizawa, H. Asada, S. Itami
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Amicrobial pustulosis (AP) is a recurrent, aseptic pyoderma involving mainly the skin folds such as the external acoustic meatus, scalp, pubis and digits of young females and is often associated with autoimmune diseases or immunological abnormalities.1 We describe a patient with AP who had positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and rheumatoid factor (RF). A 29‐year‐old woman presented with a 1‐year history of exudative eruptions and hair loss on the scalp. Examination showed exudative erythema with pustules, erosions and hair loss on the scalp (Fig. 1a). Moreover, erythema with pustules was observed on the axilla (Fig. 1b), vulva, external acoustic meatus, around the umbilicus and on the second and third fingertips of both hands (Fig. 1c). In addition, loss of axillary hair was observed. The patient had no past or family history of psoriasis. Laboratory data showed red blood cell count 4·39 × 1012 L−1, white blood cell count 7·5 × 109 L−1 (neutrophils 78·6%, lymphocytes 15·8%, monocytes 4·3%, eosinophils 1·2%, basophils 0·1%) and C‐reactive protein 0·5 mg dL−1. Liver and renal function tests were normal. ANA (× 80, speckled pattern) and RF (21 IU mL−1, normal 0–12) were positive, although lupus band test (LBT) was negative. Other autoantibodies, however, were negative and there were no symptoms of collagen diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured only once from a pustule on the axilla but not from any other lesions. Skin biopsy from the scalp showed infiltration of neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes in the dermis around the hair follicles (Fig. 2a,b), and skin biopsy from the axilla showed parakeratosis, psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia and neutrophilic spongiform pustules, which were similar to pustular psoriasis (Fig. 2c,d). Moreover, infiltration of neutrophils was detected in the dermis (Fig. 2c). On the basis of the clinical and histopathological findings, we diagnosed the patient as having AP.1 The effect of an oral antibiotic was limited, but topical application of mometasone furoate ointment, a class II glucocorticoid, markedly reduced the eruptions within 2 weeks and subsequently induced complete regrowth of the scalp hairs. Continued occasional applications of mometasone furoate have resulted in good control without scarring alopecia for the past 6 years.
Endoscopic clip tamponade of bleeding: a novel adjunct technique for endoscopic mucosal resection
Authors: W. Chen, D. Maru, S. Abraham, D. Tan, G. Raju
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of large nonpolypoid neoplasms of the colon may be complicated by immediate, early (first 24 hours), or delayed bleeding [1]. Endoscopic hemostasis of immediate bleeding can be achieved by epinephrine injection, cauterization of the bleeding site, and mechanical tamponade by resnaring the stalk or deployment of a band, clip, or detachable snare [1] [2] [3] [4].
In Vivo Selection for Human and Murine Hematopoietic Cells Transduced with a Therapeutic MGMT Lentiviral Vector that Inhibits HIV Replication
Authors: Brian M. Davis, Laurent Humeau, Boro Dropulic
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

We have developed an HIV-based lentiviral vector, VRX496, which efficiently transduces human CD34+ progenitors and CD4+ T lymphocytes. VRX496 contains an antisense sequence against the HIV envelope and is currently being evaluated for safety in a clinical trial for treatment of HIV. Selective outgrowth of transduced hematopoietic cells in vivo is anticipated to increase the therapeutic efficacy of this treatment by maximizing the persistence of virus-resistant cells in the body. Although HIV resistance is selective, additional selection may aid in treatment efficacy due to the vast quantity of target cells. Therefore, we engineered VRX496 to express the P140K MGMT gene to drive potent drug-mediated in vivo selection for transduced hematopoietic long-term repopulating cells. Suboptimally transduced T cell cultures treated with O6-benzylguanine and BCNU were selected from 3 to 100%, and after selection cultures did not support HIV replication. Primary CD34+ progenitors derived from G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood were transduced at 27 to 35% efficiency. Approximate sixfold selection was observed for transduced CD34+ progenitors, colony-forming units, and long-term culture-initiating cells. Multilineage in vivo selection was demonstrated for transduced murine hematopoietic cells in human CD34(+)-derived hematopoietic cells in NOD-SCID mice. These results establish efficient ex vivo and in vivo selection for hematopoietic cells transduced with lentiviral vectors and support the potential therapeutic benefit of this strategy in human gene therapy.
CAMP-mediated inhibition of the renal brush border membrane Na+-H+ exchanger requires a dissociable phosphoprotein cofactor.
Authors: E J Weinman, D Steplock, S Shenolikar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Prior studies have suggested that protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated inhibition of the rabbit renal brush border membrane (BBM) Na(+)-H+ exchanger involves a regulatory protein that is distinct from the transporter. This putative regulatory protein was purified by column chromatography and SDS-PAGE, and a partial primary amino acid sequence was determined. An affinity-purified polyclonal antibody to a synthetic peptide representing a sequence of the protein recognized a polypeptide of 55 kD in BBM but not in basolateral membrane. The antibody immunoprecipitated a PKA substrate of a similar molecular mass from detergent-solubilized BBM proteins. When assayed after reconstitution, PKA in the presence of ATP and Mg2+ did not inhibit Na(+)-H+ exchange transport in a fraction of solubilized BBM proteins eluting from an anion exchange column between 0.2 and 0.4 M NaCl (fraction B). Coreconstitution of fraction B with the immunoprecipitated 55-kD protein restored the inhibitory effect of PKA (change = 42%, P < 0.05). By contrast, Na(+)-H+ exchange transport in total solubilized BBM proteins was inhibited 25% (P < 0.05) by PKA, ATP, and Mg2+. This effect was abolished by immunodepletion of the cAMP regulatory protein (change = +5%, P = NS). These findings provide evidence that the regulation of renal BBM Na(+)-H+ exchange transport by PKA is affected by repletion and depletion of a specific protein. This suggests that PKA-mediated inhibition of the renal BBM Na(+)-H+ exchanger requires participation of a regulatory protein that is distinct from the transporter itself.
Number of babies born by assisted reproduction rises by 12%
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

More than 200 000 babies worldwide are born each year as a result of assisted reproduction technology (ART).

A report estimates that 219 000 to 246 000 babies were born in 2002, an increase of 12% compared with 2000, from an estimated 911 000 to 1 025 000 cycles ( Human Reproduction 2009 May 27, doi:10.1093/humrep/dep098).

But the report shows wide geographical differences in the availability of assisted reproduction technology, from two cycles per million population in Ecuador to 3688 cycles per million population in Israel.

“There are wide variations between countries in the availability and quality of ART,” says Jacques de Mouzon, who led the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology, which compiled the report. …
Isolated drainage of the superior vena cava into the left atrium in a 52-year-old man: a rare congenital malformation in the adult presenting with cyanosis, polycythemia, and an unsuccessful lung scan.
Authors: M D Ezekowitz, P O Alderson, B H Bulkley, P N Dwyer, L Watkins, D L Lappe, H L Greene, L C Becker
Journal: Circulation (1978)

This report describes a 52-year-old black male with the isolated finding of an anomalous superior vena cava draining into the left atrium. The patient presented with dizziness, mild cyanosis, polycythemia and normal cardiac and pulmonary findings. The first major diagnostic clue in this confusing clinical presentation was an unsuccessful lung perfusion scan in which intravenous tracer consistently bypassed the lungs. This appears to be the first adult presenting with this rare anomaly. This condition should be suspected if cyanosis, clubbing, and a "normal" cardiac examination coexist and if the more common pulmonary and hematological causes of this triad have been excluded.
Cardiomyopathic and healthy acidotic hamster hearts: mitochondrial activity may regulate cardiac performance
Authors: J. WIKMAN-COFFELT, R. SIEVERS, W. W PARMLEY, G. JASMINT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

A 50% decrease in adenine nucleotides and a 60% decrease in adenosine triphosphate concentration was found in glucose perfused myopathic Syrian hamster heart (240 days old) whereas there was an 18% decrease and 40% decrease respectively in acidotic healthy Syrian hamster heart re-equilibrated with a physiological medium. Correspondingly, there was a 60% decrease in cardiac performance with both models. Developed pressure fell when the phosphorylation potential decreased to ≤ 2; however, the heart recovered if mitochondrial activity was activated. If a substrate such as pyruvate or ribose was used with either model cardiac performance returned to near normal, although adenine nucleotide and adenosine triphosphate concentrations were further depressed. With glucose as substrate cardiomyopathic hearts, healthy acidotic hearts, and healthy acidotic hearts re-equilibrated with glucose as substrate had low pyruvate concentrations; limited availability of pyruvate depressed mitochondrial activity. Like the myopathic hearts the re-equilibrated acidotic hearts had high myocardial pyruvate concentrations, above normal ratios of phosphocreatine to creatine, and near normal oxygen consumption, developed pressure, dP/dt, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentrations when re-equilibrated with a medium containing pyruvate or ribose as substrate, although adenosine triphosphate and adenine nucleotide concentrations were severely depressed. When adenosine triphosphate values fell from 24 to 2 μmol·g−1 dry weight in the pyruvate or ribose perfused and normal functioning heart the heart stopped beating with no progressive fall in performance before termination of the metabolic processes.
Human Ventricular Unloading Induces Cardiomyocyte Proliferation
Authors: Diana C. Canseco, Wataru Kimura, Sonia Garg, Shibani Mukherjee, Souparno Bhattacharya, Salim Abdisalaam, Sandeep Das, Aroumougame Asaithamby, Pradeep P.A. Mammen, Hesham A. Sadek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Paraneoplastic pemphigus without antidesmoglein 3 or antidesmoglein 1 autoantibodies
Authors: M. Inaoki, M. Kodera, A. Fujimoto, H.C. Nousari, G.J. Anhalt, K. Takehara
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering disease characterized by IgG autoantibodies that bind to various epithelia and immunoprecipitate a complex of 250, 230, 210, 190 and 170 kDa proteins. A recent study has suggested that PNP patients have antidesmoglein (Dsg) 3 autoantibody and that the antibody plays a pathogenic role in PNP. We report a 72‐year‐old woman with PNP associated with thymoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Diagnosis of PNP was made by the characteristic clinical, histological and immunopathological findings, as well as immunoprecipitation of characteristic 230, 210 and 190 kDa proteins. Using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay with baculovirus‐expressed recombinant proteins, the patient’s serum was negative against both Dsg 3 and Dsg 1. This finding is unusual, and it suggests that the target antigen, which is involved in acantholysis, may be other than Dsg 3 in this case.
Linking Physicians' Pay to the Quality of Care — A Major Experiment in the United Kingdom
Authors: Martin Roland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

In this Health Policy Report, the author describes a major pay-for-performance program that is being implemented in the United Kingdom. Additional government payments to family practitioners will be based on the quality of care they deliver. Family practitioners can earn up to 1050 quality bonus points (expected to be worth more than $75,000 in gross income) for performing well on a complex set of indicators that measure the quality of clinical care, organization of the practice, and experience of the patients.
Idiopathic Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia
Authors: Brent W. Kinder, Harold R. Collard, Laura Koth, David I. Daikh, Paul J. Wolters, Brett Elicker, Kirk D. Jones, Talmadge E. King
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

The American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Consensus Classification panel identified the clinical entity idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) as a provisional diagnosis and recommended further study.We hypothesized that idiopathic NSIP is an autoimmune disease and the lung manifestation of undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD), a recently described, distinct entity.We studied 28 consecutive patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) enrolled in the University of California, San Francisco Interstitial Lung Disease Center who met prespecified criteria for UCTD, as follows: at least one clinical manifestation of connective tissue disease, serologic evidence of systemic inflammation in the absence of clinical infection, and absence of sufficient American College of Rheumatology criteria for another connective tissue disease. Medical record reviews, evaluation of radiographs, and scoring of lung biopsies were performed. The control group consisted of all other patients (n = 47) with IIP who did not meet the UCTD criteria.The patients with UCTD were more likely to be women, younger, and nonsmokers than the IIP control subjects. Compared with the control group, patients with UCTD-ILD were significantly more likely to have ground-glass opacity on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and NSIP pattern on biopsy, and less likely to have honeycombing on HRCT or usual interstitial pneumonia on biopsy. At our center, the majority of patients classified as idiopathic NSIP (88%) met the criteria for UCTD.Most patients diagnosed with idiopathic NSIP meet the case definition of UCTD. Furthermore, these results show that the clinical entity idiopathic NSIP is different from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and appears to be an autoimmune disease.
No time to train the surgeons: Choosing trainees carefully may be the solution
Authors: Vipin Zamvar
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Chikwe et al mainly blame the Calman reforms and the European Working Time Directive for the crisis in surgical training.1 Maybe a share of the blame lies with the medical establishment, especially the royal colleges and postgraduate deans, who have an influential role in selecting trainees.

Some trainees have two …
Longitudinal analysis of categorical epidemiological data: a study of Three Mile Island.
Authors: S E Fienberg, E J Bromet, D Follmann, D Lambert, S M May
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in 1979 led to an unprecedented set of events with potentially life threatening implications. This paper focusses on the analysis of a longitudinal study of the psychological well-being of the mothers of young children living within 10 miles of the plant. The initial analyses of the data utilize loglinear/logit model techniques from the contingency table literature, and involve the fitting of a sequence of logit models. The inadequancies of these analyses are noted, and a new class of mixture models for logistic response structures is introduced to overcome the noted shortcomings. The paper includes a brief outline of the methodology relevant for the fitting of these models using the method of maximum likelihood, and then the model is applied to the TMI data. The paper concludes with a discussion of some of the substantive implications of the mixture model analysis.
Physiologic and Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Gliomas
Authors: Yue Cao, Pia C. Sundgren, Christina I. Tsien, Thomas T. Chenevert, Larry Junck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides excellent soft tissue differentiation and in vivo assessment of physiologic and metabolic properties of tissue. As new and more aggressive treatment modalities and combined modalities are being investigated for brain tumor treatment, it is becoming more important to accurately define tumor volumes for treatment planning, to determine the most aggressive tumor regions for intensified radiation treatment, to identify early regional response to therapy for reoptimization of treatment, and to detect early indicators of developing normal tissue toxicity. Readily available MR techniques of physiologic and metabolic imaging can currently provide useful information regarding tumor tissue properties including chemical composition, cerebral blood volume, perfusion, vascular permeability, and water mobility. This article will focus on the potential value of MR physiologic and metabolic imaging in the clinical management of malignant gliomas.
Association between Genetic Variants in Pre-MicroRNAs and Survival of Early-Stage NSCLC
Authors: Mi Jeong Hong, Yi Young Choi, Ji-Ae Jang, Hye-Jin Jung, Shin Yup Lee, Won Kee Lee, Seung Soo Yoo, Jaehee Lee, Seung Ick Cha, Chang Ho Kim, Eungbae Lee, Hyo-Sung Jeon, Ji Woong Son, Jae Yong Park
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
The Effervescence of Nascent Phosphorescence
Authors: Harry L. Arnold
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  Morris Fishbein's conviction that nouns can't be adjectives seems to linger aroundThe Journaloffice still. If a  compound poisoned someone, would the poisoning be called phosphoric poisoning or phosphorous poisoning? What's the matter with just calling both of them phosphorus poisoning?
D-propranolol and DL-propranolol both decrease conversion of L-thyroxine to L-triiodothyronine.
Authors: P Heyma, R G Larkins, L Higginbotham, K W Ng
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The effects of propranolol (DL-propranolol) and D-propranolol on thyroid hormone metabolism were studied in six euthyroid volunteers receiving L-thyroxine (T4) and six hypothyroid patients receiving T4 replacement. D-propranolol as well as propranolol decreased L-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations and the ratio of T3 to T4 in the euthyroid subjects, and D-propranolol decreased these variables in the subjects with hypothyroidism (propranolol was not given to this group). It is concluded from this study and from parallel invitro investigations that the effect of propranolol on the conversion of T4 to T3 is unrelated to its beta-adrenergic blocking activity, and that at low therapeutic doses propranolol may exert appreciable "membrane-stabilising" effects in vivo.
Survival and hospitalization among patients using nocturnal and short daily compared to conventional hemodialysis: a USRDS study
Authors: Kirsten L. Johansen, Rebecca Zhang, Yijian Huang, Shu-Cheng Chen, Christopher R. Blagg, Alexander S. Goldfarb-Rumyantzev, Chistopher D. Hoy, Robert S. Lockridge, Brent W. Miller, Paul W. Eggers, Nancy G. Kutner
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Recovery after 700-foot Fall
Authors: F. G. Neild, C. M. Mackenzie
Journal: BMJ (1943)

try and stick it out."He said he suffered from aches and pains in his back and legs, especially in the muscles of the calf and in both knee-joints.He also had a severe frontal headache.He said that he had had rheumatic fever eleven years previously, and since then had suffered almost every year from similar attacks.In civilian life he went to bed and was attended by his doctor; the last attack was two years previously.On examination his temperature was 104.8' and his pulse 120.The only physical sign detected was a soft
Drug companies defend rewards to doctors for switching treatments
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Pharmaceutical companies in the United States have criticised attempts by the government to restrict handouts and promotions to doctors.

Department of Health and Human Services guidelines issued last October warn drug manufacturers against payments or other encouragement, such as entertainment and travel, to doctors and health professionals to switch patients to their own products ( BMJ 2002;325:795).

The government is …
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Stimulates VEGF Expression and Angiogenesis in Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Noriyuki Ouchi, Rei Shibata, Kenneth Walsh
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is regulated by various cellular stresses. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key regulator of angiogenesis, is also upregulated by several stress-inducible factors such as hypoxia and stimulation by cytokines and growth factors. Here, we investigated whether AMPK signaling in muscle has a role in regulating VEGF-mediated angiogenic processes. AICAR stimulated VEGF mRNA and protein levels in C2C12 myotube cultures. Transduction with dominant-negative AMPK abolished AICAR-induced VEGF expression at both steady state mRNA and protein levels. AICAR increased VEGF mRNA stability without affecting VEGF promoter activity. AICAR also stimulated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation. Activation of p38 MAPK was suppressed by transduction with dominant-negative AMPK, suggesting that AMPK is upstream of p38 MAPK. The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 blocked AICAR-induced increase in VEGF mRNA and protein levels, indicating that AICAR-mediated VEGF induction is dependent on p38 MAPK signaling. AICAR treatment increased VEGF expression and accelerated angiogenic repair of ischemic hindlimbs in mice in an AMPK-dependent manner. These data indicate that AMPK-p38 MAPK signaling cascade can increase VEGF production in muscle and promote angiogenesis in response to ischemic injury.
Treatment and survival on advanced breast cancer.
Authors: T Priestman, M Baum, V Jones, J Forbes
Journal: BMJ (1978)

The final results of a clinical trial comparing endocrine with cytotoxic drug treatment for advanced breast cancer were analysed. Although cytotoxic treatment gave a significantly higher response rate with a remission duration comparable to that obtained with endocrine treatment, the sequence in which the two treatments were given did not appear to influence survival--except possibly in women with rapidly progressing disease, when cytotoxic treatment is preferred.
Temporal dependence of coronary collateral development
Authors: J Kersten
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

Objective: Previous evidence suggests that episodes of myocardial ischemia of sufficient duration and intensity are required to produce coronary collateral development during repetitive coronary occlusion. This investigation tested the hypothesis that coronary collateral development is also temporal-dependent. Methods: Chronically instrumented dogs (n=16) were subjected to brief (2 min) left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusions, once every hour, 8 h a day, for 3 weeks or once every hour, 24 h a day for 1 week. Collateral perfusion (radioactive microspheres), LAD contractile function (ultrasonic crystals), and post-occlusive flow debt repayment (LAD flow probe) were measured during occlusions 1, 55, 105, and 155. Results: Increases (P<0.05) in subendocardial collateral blood flow to ischemic myocardium, progressive normalization of contractile function during LAD occlusion, and successive reduction in flow debt repayment were observed in dogs receiving occlusions over 3 weeks. In contrast, dogs receiving the same number of coronary occlusions over 1 week demonstrated minimal increases in collateral blood flow, persistent regional contractile dysfunction, and sustained flow debt repayment. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that LAD collateral development in response to repetitive coronary occlusion requires sufficient time for growth adaptation of the collateral circulation to occur.