tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Laryngospasm Induced by a Carotid-Sinus-Nerve Stimulator
Authors: Ronald F. Yatteau, Carl W. Hartman, Thomas I. Soule, Galen S. Wagner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

ELECTRICAL stimulation of the carotid-sinus nerves has been used in the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,1 , 2 essential hypertension3 and angina pectoris.4 , 5 Complications have been few and have occurred during the immediate postoperative period. The purpose of this communication is to describe a late complication arising from the use of a carotid-sinus-nerve stimulator.Case ReportA 60-year-old man with severe angina pectoris was admitted to the hospital 7 months after a carotid-sinus-nerve stimulator (Angistat*) was implanted for relief of chest pain. The device functioned well and over the next 5 months afforded him considerable symptomatic improvement. However, 2 months before admission, . . .
Scotland starts HPV vaccination programme
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Scotland was the first of the four UK countries to start a programme of vaccination against the human papilloma virus (HPV) this week, when its campaign got under way on 1 September, at the start of the new school year.

Five of the 14 health boards started immunising girls aged 12 to 13 years, against the virus that causes cervical cancer, in schools in Lanarkshire, Grampian, Tayside, Orkney, and Western Isles, with the remaining health boards expected to follow suit over the next fortnight.

The programme requires three injections of vaccine to be given over a period of …
New Antitrust Guidelines for Physician Networks, Part 1
Authors: Ronald M. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prognostic Implications of and Relationship Between CpG Island Hypermethylation and Repetitive DNA Hypomethylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hwan Seok Lee, Baek-Hee Kim, Nam-Yun Cho, Eun Joo Yoo, Minhee Choi, So-Hyun Shin, Ja-June Jang, Kyung-Suk Suh, Yong Sung Kim, Gyeong Hoon Kang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between CpG island DNA hypermethylation and global genomic DNA hypomethylation and their prognostic implications in hepatocellular carcinoma. The association of DNA methylation changes with clinicopathologic factors and the chronological ordering of DNA methylation changes along multistep hepatocarcinogenesis were also assessed. Experimental Design: Hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 20) and nonneoplastic liver samples (n = 72) were analyzed for their methylation status at 41 CpG island loci and 3 repetitive DNA elements (LINE-1, ALU, and SAT2) using MethyLight or combined bisulfite restriction analysis. After selection of 19 CpG island loci showing cancer-specific DNA methylation, another set of 99 hepatocellular carcinoma samples was analyzed for these loci. Results: The number of methylated genes in hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with a cirrhotic liver than in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with a noncirrhotic liver (9.9 versus 7.0, P = 0.001). Hepatocellular carcinoma from female patients showed a higher number of methylated genes than hepatocellular carcinoma from male patients (11.2 versus 8.4, P = 0.006). The genes CRABP1 and SYK showed significant association between CpG island hypermethylation and patients' poor survival. SAT2 hypomethylation occurred earlier than LINE-1 or ALU hypomethylation along the multistep hepatocarcinogenesis. Depending on the type of CpG island locus, a direct, inverse, or no relationship between CpG island hypermethylation and repetitive DNA hypomethylation was observed in hepatocellular carcinomas. Conclusion: The varying relationships between the hypermethylation of individual CpG island loci and the hypomethylation of repetitive elements suggests that they are not mechanically linked. SYK and CRABP1 hypermethylation may serve as useful tumor markers for prognostication of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
Traitement endoscopique des fistules post-sleeve gastrectomie: résultats d'une étude multicentrique, retrospective
Authors: D Christophorou, N Funakoshi, JC Valats, B Vedrenne, F Prat, P Bulois, J Branche, S Decoster, E Coron, C Duflos, MC Picot, D Nocca, P Bauret, P Blanc
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

La Sleeve Gastrectomie (SG) est la technique de chirurgie bariatrique la plus pratiquée en France. La survenue de fistules post-SG est une complication redoutable; le traitement en est souvent long et difficile. Buts: 1 °) évaluer l'efficacité de l'endoscopie interventionnelle dans le traitement des fistules post-SG, 2 °) répertorier les différentes techniques endoscopiques réalisées 3 °) préciser les facteurs prédictifs de cicatrisation après traitement endoscopique.
Total Lymphoid Irradiation in Refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Eldad Ben-Chetrit, David J. Gross, Abraham Braverman, Zeev Weshler, Zvi Fuks, Shimon Slavin, Marcel Eliakim
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

In two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, conventional therapy was considered to have failed because of persistent disease activity and unacceptable side effects. Both were treated with total lymphoid irradiation without clinical benefit, despite adequate immunosuppression as documented by markedly reduced numbers of circulating T lymphocytes and T-lymphocytedependent proliferative responses in vitro. The first patient developed herpes zoster, gram-negative septicemia, neurologic symptoms, and deterioration of lupus nephritis. The second patient developed massive bronchopneumonia, necrotic cutaneous lesions, and progressive nephritis and died 2 weeks after completion of radiotherapy. These observations, although limited to two patients, indicate that total lymphoid irradiation in patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus should be regarded as strictly experimental.
Significance testing in a Bayesian framework: Assessing direction of effects
Authors: Henry Rouanet
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Chow' efforts toward a methodology of theory-corroboration and the plea for significance testing are welcome, but there are many risky claims. A major omission is a discussion of significance testing in the Bayesian framework. We sketch here the Bayesian reinterpretation of the significance level for assessing direction of effects.
Mood and the "pill".
Authors: J. West
Journal: BMJ (1968)

A clinic in Croydon England reports a 17.7% incidence of depression and/or reduced libido among 1000 oral contraceptive users over a 5-year followup period.  Neither syndrome was found to be dose-specific in relation to combined preparations.  From 1962-1967 the incidence for strongly progestogenic pills with ethinylestradiol was 17.2% and 16.7% with mestranol.  Incidence for intermediate combined tablets was 23.8% with ethinylestradiol and 18.8% with mestranol.  Changes in estrogen/progesterone combinations only occasionally resulted in sustained relief from depression headaches.
Transfer of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Laurie J. Lambert, Kevin A. Brown, Lucy J. Boothroyd, Eli Segal, Sébastien Maire, Simon Kouz, Dave Ross, Richard Harvey, Stéphane Rinfret, Yongling Xiao, James Nasmith, Peter Bogaty
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Interhospital transfer of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is associated with longer delays to reperfusion, related in part to turnaround ("door in" to "door out," or DIDO) time at the initial hospital. As part of a systematic, province-wide evaluation of STEMI care, we examined DIDO times and associations with patient, hospital, and process-of-care factors.We performed medical chart review for STEMI patients transferred for PPCI during a 6-month period (October 1, 2008, through March 31, 2009) and linked these data to ambulance service databases. Two core laboratory cardiologists reviewed presenting ECGs to identify left bundle-branch block and, in the absence of left bundle-branch block, definite STEMI (according to both cardiologists) or an ambiguous reading. Median DIDO time was 51 minutes (25th to 75th percentile: 35-82 minutes); 14.1% of the 988 patients had a timely DIDO interval (≤30 minutes as recommended by guidelines). The data-to-decision delay was the major contributor to DIDO time. Female sex, more comorbidities, longer symptom duration, arrival by means other than ambulance, arrival at a hospital not exclusively transferring for PPCI, arrival at a center with a low STEMI volume, and an ambiguous ECG were independently associated with longer DIDO time. When turnaround was timely, 70% of patients received timely PPCI (door-to-device time ≤90 minutes) versus 14% if turnaround was not timely (P<0.0001).Benchmark DIDO times for STEMI patients transferred for PPCI were rarely achieved. Interventions aimed at facilitating the transfer decision, particularly in cases of ECGs that are difficult to interpret, are likely to have the best impact on reducing delay to reperfusion.
The Effect of Quinidine and Other Oral Antiarrhythmic Drugs on Serum Digoxin
Authors: EDWARD B. LEAHEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

We compared the effects of quinidine and three alternate antiarrhythmic drugs on serum digoxin concentration in 63 patients before and during administration of quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, or mexiletine. Quinidine increased digoxin concentration by at least 0.5 nmol/L in 21 of 22 patients: Mean serum digoxin rose from 1.2 nmol/L to 2.4 nmol/L (P < 0.001). Procainamide, disopyramide, or mexiletine increased serum digoxin by 0.5 nmol/L in one of 41 patients. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting developed soon after starting quinidine therapy in 10 of the 22 patients who received quinidine but in only five of the 41 patients who received procainamide, disopyramide, or mexiletine (P < 0.01). Quinidine prolonged the PR interval from 160 � 14 ms to 183 � 26 ms, but procainamide, disopyramide, and mexiletine did not change the PR interval (P < 0.005). In digitalized patients, quinidine increases serum digoxin concentration, increases digoxin's effect on atrioventricular conduction, and produces more adverse gastrointestinal effects than procainamide, disopyramide, or mexiletine.
Chlorhexidine Compared with Povidone-Iodine Solution for Vascular Catheter–Site Care
Authors: Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk, David L. Veenstra, Benjamin A. Lipsky, Sanjay Saint
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Purpose: Bloodstream infections related to use of catheters, particularly central-line catheters, are an important cause of patient morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. This study evaluated the efficacy of skin disinfection with chlorhexidine gluconate compared with povidone-iodine solution in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection. Data Sources: Multiple computerized databases (1966 to 2001), reference lists of identified articles, and queries of principal investigators and antiseptic manufacturers. Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials comparing chlorhexidine gluconate with povidone-iodine solutions for catheter-site care. Data Extraction: Using a standardized form, two reviewers abstracted data on study design, patient population, intervention, and incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection from all included studies. Data Synthesis: Eight studies involving a total of 4143 catheters met the inclusion criteria. All studies were conducted in a hospital setting, and various catheter types were used. The summary risk ratio for catheter-related bloodstream infection was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.88) in patients whose catheter sites were disinfected with chlorhexidine gluconate instead of povidone-iodine. Among patients with a central vascular catheter, chlorhexidine gluconate reduced the risk for catheter-related bloodstream infection by 49% (risk ratio, 0.51 [CI, 0.27 to 0.97]). Conclusions: These results suggest that incidence of bloodstream infections is significantly reduced in patients with central vascular lines who receive chlorhexidine gluconate versus povidone-iodine for insertion-site skin disinfection. Use of chlorhexidine gluconate is a simple and effective means of reducing vascular catheter–related infections.
Immune studies in a mouse model of MET and CAT induced liver tumors
Authors: Tobias Eggert, Jose Medina-Echeverz, Chi Ma, Jimmy K Stauffer, Robert H Wiltrout, Tim F Greten
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. We set out to perform immune studies in HCC. In a recent published mouse model of HCC, the hydrodynamic injection of two plasmids, pT3-
Supervised administration of methadone by pharmacists
Authors: R A Scott, S J Burnett, H McNulty
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - The Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs recently concluded that structured methadone maintenance programmes should be developed throughout Britain.1 Putting this recommendation into practice is not free from controversy. In the debate on the place of prescribing for drug misusers a criticism commonly made concerns “street leakage,” whereby some or all of the prescribed drug is diverted b]y various means from the patient for whom it is intended towards illicit users.2

In an attempt to minimise the …
Role of Pulse Oximetry in Examining Newborns for Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: William T. Mahle, Jane W. Newburger, G. Paul Matherne, Frank C. Smith, Tracey R. Hoke, Robert Koppel, Samuel S. Gidding, Robert H. Beekman, Scott D. Grosse
Journal: Circulation (2009)

The purpose of this statement is to address the state of evidence on the routine use of pulse oximetry in newborns to detect critical congenital heart disease (CCHD).A writing group appointed by the American Heart Association and the American Academy of Pediatrics reviewed the available literature addressing current detection methods for CCHD, burden of missed and/or delayed diagnosis of CCHD, rationale of oximetry screening, and clinical studies of oximetry in otherwise asymptomatic newborns. MEDLINE database searches from 1966 to 2008 were done for English-language papers using the following search terms: congenital heart disease, pulse oximetry, physical examination, murmur, echocardiography, fetal echocardiography, and newborn screening. The reference lists of identified papers were also searched. Published abstracts from major pediatric scientific meetings in 2006 to 2008 were also reviewed. The American Heart Association classification of recommendations and levels of evidence for practice guidelines were used. In an analysis of pooled studies of oximetry assessment performed after 24 hours of life, the estimated sensitivity for detecting CCHD was 69.6%, and the positive predictive value was 47.0%; however, sensitivity varied dramatically among studies from 0% to 100%. False-positive screens that required further evaluation occurred in only 0.035% of infants screened after 24 hours.Currently, CCHD is not detected in some newborns until after their hospital discharge, which results in significant morbidity and occasional mortality. Furthermore, routine pulse oximetry performed on asymptomatic newborns after 24 hours of life, but before hospital discharge, may detect CCHD. Routine pulse oximetry performed after 24 hours in hospitals that have on-site pediatric cardiovascular services incurs very low cost and risk of harm. Future studies in larger populations and across a broad range of newborn delivery systems are needed to determine whether this practice should become standard of care in the routine assessment of the neonate.
Case 12-1989
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Charles C.J. Carpenter, Jana C. Sullinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 24-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of right flank pain and fever.The patient was a native of Haiti, who came to this country five years before admission to attend educational institutions. There was a history of "skin infections" of both legs in childhood that resulted in scarring. Two years before entry a tuberculin skin test was reported to be positive, and the patient used pills of an unknown type irregularly during the succeeding year; he was told that repeated x-ray films of the chest were normal. Fourteen months before entry the patient had . . .
The Forgotten Remnant: The Elderly in Need
Authors: Dan G. Dallas
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A vast number of forgotten aged persons with combined medical and sociological problems are in dire need of protective services. When an older person has no cooperative relatives and his friends have disappeared, there is a need for various protective alternatives. So far, society's major response has been to provide for such elderly people to stay in public municipal, county, and state mental hospitals. This type of protective service is inadequate for two reasons: (1) Many older people who need some degree of protection would not benefit from being involuntarily hospitalized. (2) Some authoritative legal intervention such as commitment laws are based on the assumption that some member of the family will initiate the process. Provision should be made for authorized governmental involuntary agencies and institutions, preferably in the area of family welfare or social service, to help older persons requiring protective services. This should include authority
805 HCV-RNA STATUS AT WEEK 12 OF TREATMENT WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A/RBV PREDICTS SVR IN PATIENTS WITH PRIOR NON-RESPONSE TO PEGYLATED INTERFERON ALFA-2B/RBV: RESULTS FROM REPEAT STUDY
Authors: P. Marcellin, B. Freilich, P. Andreone, A. DiBisceglie, C.E. Brandao, K.R. Reddy, A. Craxi, A. Olveira, G. Teuber, D. Messinger, G. Hooper, M. Popescu, A. Tietz, D. Jensen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Proximity of the home to a cooling tower and risk of non-outbreak Legionnaires' disease.
Authors: R S Bhopal, R J Fallon, E C Buist, R J Black, J D Urquhart
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To study the source of non-outbreak legionnaires9 disease, particularly the role of cooling towers, by comparing the locations of patients9 homes in relation to the location of cooling towers. DESIGN--Retrospective, descriptive study of a case series of patients with legionnaires9 disease ill between 1978 and 1986 and, for comparison, a case series of patients with lung cancer. A prospectively developed register and interview based survey provided data on the location of cooling towers. SETTING--The city of Glasgow. PATIENTS--134 patients aged 14-84 with legionnaires9 disease during 1978-86 and 10,159 patients with lung cancer during the same period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--The locations of patients9 homes and cooling towers as defined by postcodes, which provided map grid references accurate to 10 m; numbers of expected and observed cases of legionnaires9 disease in census enumeration districts; and distance of enumeration districts from the nearest cooling tower as defined by five distance categories. RESULTS--Most cooling towers were in or near the city centre or close to the River Clyde, as were the places of residence of patients with community acquired, non-travel, non-outbreak legionnaires9 disease (n = 107). There was an inverse association between the distance of residence from any cooling tower and the risk of infection, the population living within 0.5 km of any tower having a relative risk of infection over three times that of people living more than 1 km away. There was no such association with respect to travel related legionnaires9 disease, and for lung cancer the association was weak (relative risk less than or equal to 1.2 in any distance group). CONCLUSION--In Glasgow cooling towers have been a source of infection in two outbreaks of legionnaires9 disease and, apparently, a source of non-outbreak infection also. Better maintenance of cooling towers should help prevent non-outbreak cases. This method of inquiry should be applied elsewhere to study the source of this and other environmentally acquired disease.
HIV, Age, and the Severity of Hepatitis C Virus–Related Liver Disease
Authors: Gregory D. Kirk, Shruti H. Mehta, Jacquie Astemborski, Noya Galai, Jonathan Washington, Yvonne Higgins, Ashwin Balagopal, David L. Thomas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Persons with HIV infection have been reported to develop age-related diseases at younger ages than those without HIV. Whether this finding is related to HIV infection or failure to control for other risk factors is unknown.To investigate whether persons with HIV infection develop hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver disease at younger ages than similar persons without HIV.Comparison of the severity of liver fibrosis by age among persons who have HCV with and without HIV followed concurrently in the same protocol.Observational cohort from Baltimore, Maryland, participating in the ALIVE (AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience) study.1176 current and former injection drug users with antibodies to HCV.Liver fibrosis assessed semiannually from 2006 to 2011 by elastography (FibroScan, Echosens, Paris, France) and using previously validated thresholds for clinically significant fibrosis and cirrhosis; concurrent assessment of medical history, alcohol and illicit drug use, HCV RNA levels, hepatitis B virus surface antigen level, body mass index, and (for those with HIV) CD4+ lymphocyte count and HIV RNA levels.Among 1176 participants with antibodies to HCV, the median age was 49 years and 34% were coinfected with HIV and HCV. Participants contributed 5634 valid liver fibrosis measurements. The prevalence of clinically significant fibrosis without cirrhosis (12.9% vs. 9.5%) and of cirrhosis (19.5% vs. 11.0%) was greater in persons coinfected with HIV and HCV than in those with only HCV (P < 0.001). Increasing age and HIV infection were independently associated with liver fibrosis, as were daily alcohol use, chronic hepatitis B virus infection, body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2, and greater plasma HCV RNA levels. When these factors were kept constant, persons with HIV had liver fibrosis measurements equal to those of persons without HIV, who were, on average, 9.2 years older.The process of liver fibrosis began before the study in most persons.In this cohort, persons who have HCV with HIV have liver fibrosis stages similar to those without HIV who are nearly a decade older.National Institute on Drug Abuse.