tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient as manuscript
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of Intra-Articular Cortisone Analogues in Osteo-Arthritis of the Knee
Authors: M. J. Kehr
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1959)

The use of intra-articular steroids in the treatment of osteo-arthritis of the knee joints has not been much discussed in the literature.Burgess (1957) states that intra-articular hydrocortone is of most value in joints distended by synovial fluid.Williams (1958) found that hydrocortisone tertiary- butylacetate was effective over a longer period than hydrocortisone, but that both might dramatically relieve symptoms, especially pain, for anything from 2 weeks to several months.Zuckner, Machek, and Ahern (1956) compared the effects of intra-articular hydrocortisone acetate and hydrocortisone tertiary- butylacetate in a number of rheumatic joints, including the knee.They found no significant difference between the two compounds, but stated that 80 per cent. of joints so treated, whether rheumatoid or osteo-arthritic, responded for periods varying from 3 weeks to several months.Hollander and Moore (1956), who studied the intra-articular temperature response to injection of hydrocortisone acetate and prednisone, found that osteo-arthritic joints had a higher temperature than the normal,
Detection of replicative intermediates of hepatitis C viral RNA in liver and serum of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Authors: T L Fong, M Shindo, S M Feinstone, J H Hoofnagle, A M Di Bisceglie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The hepatitis C virus is a positive stranded hepatotropic RNA virus. We describe a method of detecting positive and negative strands of hepatitis C viral RNA using the polymerase chain reaction. We tested serum and liver tissue from nine patients with chronic hepatitis C. The positive RNA strand of HCV was detected in the sera and livers of all nine, the negative strand was detected in the livers of eight (89%), and in the sera of five (55%). Titers of both strands of HCV RNA were determined by serial endpoint dilutions. The amount of the negative strand in the serum and liver was usually 10-100 times less than the positive strand. Predigestion of serum with ribonucleases did not alter the detection of the negative strand. This suggests that the negative strand found in the serum may be protected from digestion by being associated with virions.
Schizophrenic cognition: Taken out of context?
Authors: David R. Hemsley
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Abstract This commentary addresses: (a) the problems of definition which have been prominent in the use of the term context in schizophrenia research; (b) potentially useful distinctions and links with other theories of schizophrenic cognition; and (c) possible pathways to schizophrenic symptoms. It is suggested that at least two major aspects of the operation of context may be distinguished and that both may be impaired in schizophrenia.
The Community Hospital
Authors: Robert H. Goodwin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

WHAT is a "community hospital"? It is easy to delineate a "university hospital" as one directly associated with a university medical school. Most community hospitals lack this affiliation. Usually, they are nonprofit voluntary organizations providing primary and general medical care to a geographically defined surrounding area. "Of the nearly 6,800 general hospitals in the country, some 1,600 have fewer than 25 beds, and only 2,300 have more than 100 beds."1 The vast majority have no university affiliation.A 50-bed hospital staffed almost entirely by general practitioners in a town of 5000 is a "community hospital" for that community. It may . . .
PPARγ in emphysema: blunts the damage and triggers repair?
Authors: Neil J. Kelly, Steven D. Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Cigarette smoke is the most common cause of pulmonary emphysema, which results in an irreversible loss of lung structure and function. Th1 and Th17 immune responses have been implicated in emphysema pathogenesis; however, the drivers of emphysema-associated immune dysfunction are not fully understood. In this issue of the JCI, Shan and colleagues found that peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is downregulated in APCs isolated from the lungs of emphysematous chronic smokers and mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Furthermore, treatment with a PPARγ agonist prevented emphysema development and appeared to reduce emphysema-associated lung volume expansion in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Further work will need to be done to evaluate the potential of PPARγ agonists to restore lung capacity in emphysematous patients.
A Case of a Ruptured Aneurysm of the Descending Aorta
Authors: W. H. Mackinlay, L. M. Weeks
Journal: BMJ (1913)

RUPTJUED ANEUlRYSt 01X DESCENDING AORTA.THF.DItInsm I6 the depth is at his command.I tlhink tlle wisest course is to keep respiration present, avoidina on the one lhand its conmplete absence and on the other such an.amount of respiratory moveiment as to -defeat the-aims of insufflation.Ilressure should be kept below 25 mmini.Hg; above this the safety valve slhould blow off.In feeble and in emplvsematous patients, or in operations on tlle chest where one on 20 August
BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF CILOSTAZOL OVERCOMING ADVERSE SMOKING OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION: ANALYSIS OF LONGER-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF THE CILON-T RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: Hack-Lyoung Kim, Jung-Won Suh, Seung-Pyo Lee, Hyun-Jae Kang, Bon Kwon Koo, Young-Seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae, Dong-Ju Choi, Seung-Woon Rha, Jang-Ho Bae, TaekGeun Kwon, Jang-Whan Bae, Myeong-Chan Cho, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Evidence of a third ADPKD locus is not supported by re-analysis of designated PKD3 families
Authors: Binu M. Paul, Mark B. Consugar, Moonnoh Ryan Lee, Jamie L. Sundsbak, Christina M. Heyer, Sandro Rossetti, Vickie J. Kubly, Katharina Hopp, Vicente E. Torres, Eliecer Coto, Maurizio Clementi, Nadja Bogdanova, Edgar de Almeida, Daniel G. Bichet, Peter C. Harris
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Flow cytometric analysis of anti‐platelet antibodies in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) using acid‐treated, formalin‐fixed platelets
Authors: Y. Mizumoto, Y. Fujimura, K. Nishikawa, M. Uchida, H. Fukui, T. Morii, N. Narita, Y. Kurata
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Acid treatment of normal washed platelets prepared by albumin density gradient centrifugation followed by formalin fixation effectively eliminates HLA class I antigens from the platelet surface, without altering the immunoreactivity of platelet membrane glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa complex. Using these platelets, flow cytometric analysis was performed on a total of 20 sera from different patients with chronic ITP, and revealed an inverse linear correlation between the platelet count and the mean fluorescence intensity which represents a relative amount of platelet‐bound IgG. These results suggest that acid‐treated, formalin‐fixed platelets can be used as specimens to detect anti‐platelet antibodies to differentiate from those to HLA‐class I antigens.
Cariporide, a selective Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor, decreases liver fibrosis in the bile duct ligated rat
Authors: Antonio Di Sario, Emanuele Bendia, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni, Silvia Taffetani, Francesco Ridolfi, Ursula Schindler, Heinz-Werner Kleemann, Cinzia Candelaresi, Paola Sterpetti, Luciano Trozzi, Antonio Benedetti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Transcutaneous Ultrasound Augments Naked DNA Transfection of Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Peter Schratzberger, Joseph G. Krainin, Gabriele Schratzberger, Marcy Silver, Hong Ma, Marianne Kearney, Robert F. Zuk, Axel F. Brisken, Douglas W. Losordo, Jeffrey M. Isner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that transcutaneous ultrasound (US) exposure may augment the transfection efficiency and biological outcome associated with nonviral DNA gene transfer. Hindlimb muscles of New Zealand White rabbits were transfected with the reporter plasmid pCMV-beta, with or without US exposure. Optimization studies employed US exposure at various frequencies, mechanical indices, duty cycles, durations of exposure, and exposure time points. Based on these results, we explored the effect of US exposure on nonviral gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, phVEGF165) to promote neovascularization of ischemic hindlimbs. Ultrasound at 1 MHz, 100 W/cm(2), 6% duty cycle, and 5 minutes exposure time, applied immediately following DNA injection, was found to be the most effective among the settings tested, increasing beta-galactosidase expression approximately 20 fold. Compared with US exposure alone, or phVEGF165 only, phVEGF165 + US exposure yielded a statistically significant improvement in revascularization, as determined by calf blood pressure ratio, angiographic score, intravascular Doppler blood flow, and capillary/myocyte ratio. These data demonstrate that ultrasound, when applied directly after intramuscular gene transfer, significantly increases transfection efficiency in vivo. The biological significance of this finding was confirmed by augmented limb perfusion in response to US exposure and naked VEGF DNA.
PROSPECTIVE DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL OF DUODENAL ULCER RELAPSE AFTER ERADICATION OF CAMPYLOBACTER PYLORI
Authors: BarryJ. Marshall, J.Robin Warren, ElizabethD. Blincow, Michael Phillips, C.Stewart Goodwin, Raymond Murray, StephenJ. Blackbourn, ThomasE. Waters, ChristopherR. Sanderson
Journal: The Lancet (1988)
"MICROBE HUNTERS"—A DENIAL
Authors: Aldo Castellani
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Our attention has been drawn to a book called "Microbe Hunters" recently published by Harcourt, Brace &amp; Company, New York, and alleged to have been written by one Paul de Kruif—a gentleman whose name is quite unknown to us. The work evidently aims at being a kind of popular history or rather romance regarding medical discovery, and mentions us among others. We should like an opportunity to say, for the information of your readers, that the author's statements about ourselves and our researches are almost entirely apocryphal; that they are not supported by reference to the original literature; that they are clearly derived almost only from his own imagination or from spurious prompting by others; and that his knowledge of the subjects with which we have been concerned is obviously incomplete. We have been legally advised that some of his assertions regarding ourselves are libelous according to
Impaired Fasting Glucose and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Postmenopausal Women with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Alka M. Kanaya, David Herrington, Eric Vittinghoff, Feng Lin, Vera Bittner, Jane A. Cauley, Stephen Hulley, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Background: Type 2 diabetes increases risk for cardiovascular disease. Persons with impaired fasting glucose levels may also have increased risk. Objective: To evaluate the association between glucose status and cardiovascular outcomes and the effect of lowering the fasting glucose level criterion for impaired fasting glucose from a lower limit of 6.1 mmol/L (110 mg/dL) to 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL). Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: 20 U.S. clinical centers. Patients: 2763 postmenopausal women with established coronary heart disease (CHD) who were followed for 6.8 years. Measurements: Any CHD event (nonfatal myocardial infarction or CHD death), stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), congestive heart failure (CHF) hospitalization, and any cardiovascular event. Results: During follow-up, 583 women had a CHD event, 329 women had a stroke or TIA, and 348 women were hospitalized for CHF. Women with diabetes were at an approximately 75% increased risk for each outcome compared with normoglycemic women. The 218 women with impaired fasting glucose according to the 1997 definition (fasting glucose level, 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/L [110 to 125 mg/dL]) had increased risk for any CHD event (hazard ratio, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.08 to 1.74]), while the 698 women with impaired fasting glucose according to the 2003 definition (fasting glucose level, 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L [100 to 125 mg/dL]) were not at increased risk (hazard ratio, 1.09 [CI, 0.90 to 1.34]). Most of the women (n = 480) with fasting glucose levels between 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) and 6.0 mmol/L (109 mg/dL) had no increased risk for CHD (hazard ratio, 0.90 [CI, 0.73 to 1.12]). Women with impaired fasting glucose according to either definition were not at increased risk for stroke or TIA or CHF. Limitations: These findings may not be generalizable to men or women without existing heart disease. Conclusions: Among postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease, the 2003 definition for impaired fasting glucose was not associated with increased risk for new CHD, stroke or TIA, or CHF.
An Automated Intervention With Stepped Increases in Support to Increase Uptake of Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Beverly B. Green, Ching-Yun Wang, Melissa L. Anderson, Jessica Chubak, Richard T. Meenan, Sally W. Vernon, Sharon Fuller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Chinese translation Background: Screening decreases colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality, yet almost half of age-eligible patients are not screened at recommended intervals. Objective: To determine whether interventions using electronic health records (EHRs), automated mailings, and stepped increases in support improve CRC screening adherence over 2 years. Design: 4-group, parallel-design, randomized, controlled comparative effectiveness trial with concealed allocation and blinded outcome assessments. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00697047) Setting: 21 primary care medical centers. Patients: 4675 adults aged 50 to 73 years not current for CRC screening. Intervention: Usual care, EHR-linked mailings ("automated"), automated plus telephone assistance ("assisted"), or automated and assisted plus nurse navigation to testing completion or refusal ("navigated"). Interventions were repeated in year 2. Measurements: The proportion of participants current for screening in both years, defined as colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy (year 1) or fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) in year 1 and FOBT, colonoscopy, or sigmoidoscopy (year 2). Results: Compared with those in the usual care group, participants in the intervention groups were more likely to be current for CRC screening for both years with significant increases by intensity (usual care, 26.3% [95% CI, 23.4% to 29.2%]; automated, 50.8% [CI, 47.3% to 54.4%]; assisted, 57.5% [CI, 54.5% to 60.6%]; and navigated, 64.7% [CI, 62.5% to 67.0%]; P < 0.001 for all pair-wise comparisons). Increases in screening were primarily due to increased uptake of FOBT being completed in both years (usual care, 3.9% [CI, 2.8% to 5.1%]; automated, 27.5% [CI, 24.9% to 30.0%]; assisted, 30.5% [CI, 27.9% to 33.2%]; and navigated, 35.8% [CI, 33.1% to 38.6%]). Limitation: Participants were required to provide verbal consent and were more likely to be white and to participate in other types of cancer screening, limiting generalizability. Conclusion: Compared with usual care, a centralized, EHR-linked, mailed CRC screening program led to twice as many persons being current for screening over 2 years. Assisted and navigated interventions led to smaller but significant stepped increases compared with the automated intervention only. The rapid growth of EHRs provides opportunities for spreading this model broadly. Primary Funding Source: National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health.
CD44 splice isoform switching in human and mouse epithelium is essential for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and breast cancer progression
Authors: Rhonda L. Brown, Lauren M. Reinke, Marin S. Damerow, Denise Perez, Lewis A. Chodosh, Jing Yang, Chonghui Cheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a tightly regulated process that is critical for embryogenesis but is abnormally activated during cancer metastasis and recurrence. Here we show that a switch in CD44 alternative splicing is required for EMT. Using both in vitro and in vivo systems, we have demonstrated a shift in CD44 expression from variant isoforms (CD44v) to the standard isoform (CD44s) during EMT. This isoform switch to CD44s was essential for cells to undergo EMT and was required for the formation of breast tumors that display EMT characteristics in mice. Mechanistically, the splicing factor epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1) controlled the CD44 isoform switch and was critical for regulating the EMT phenotype. Additionally, the CD44s isoform activated Akt signaling, providing a mechanistic link to a key pathway that drives EMT. Finally, CD44s expression was upregulated in high-grade human breast tumors and was correlated with the level of the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin in these tumors. Together, our data suggest that regulation of CD44 alternative splicing causally contributes to EMT and breast cancer progression.
M. WARD "Mountain Medicine"
Authors: D. E. M. Taylor
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1976)

Michael Ward has a justly earned reputation both as a mountaineer and as a surgeon, so this book on a clinical study of cold and high altitude raises expectations of an authoritative work based on a wealth of personal experience.In the event the expectations are fully realised, for here is a book which is both a comprehensive review of mountain medicine and yet is written with such clarity of style that it can be readily understood and enjoyed both by the non-medical mountaineer and by the low altitude doctor.
Association of Lifestyle Factors With Abdominal Subcutaneous and Visceral Adiposity
Authors: Esther A. Molenaar, Joseph M. Massaro, Paul F. Jacques, Karla M. Pou, R. Curtis Ellison, Udo Hoffmann, Karol Pencina, Steven D. Shadwick, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Caroline S. Fox
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between lifestyle factors and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in a community-based setting.Cross-sectional associations between lifestyle factors (dietary quality, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) and SAT and VAT volumes were examined in 2,926 Framingham Heart Study participants (48.6% women, aged 50 +/- 10 years).Diets consistent with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines Adherence Index and greater physical activity were inversely associated with SAT and VAT (P < 0.0001-0.002). In men, former smoking was associated with higher SAT (2,743 +/- 56 cm(3)) compared with current smokers (2,629 +/- 88 cm(3)) or those who never smoked (2,538 +/- 44 cm(3); P = 0.02). Both former and current smoking was associated with higher VAT (P = 0.03 [women]; P = 0.005 [men]). Women with high amounts of alcohol intake (>7 drinks/week) had lower SAT (2,869 +/- 106 cm(3)) than those who consumed less alcohol (3,184 +/- 44 cm(3), P = 0.006); significant differences in VAT were not observed (P = 0.18). In men, high amounts of alcohol intake (>14 drinks/week) were associated with higher VAT (2,272 +/- 59 cm(3)) compared with intake of <or=14 drinks/week (2,139 +/- 25 cm(3), P = 0.04), whereas SAT did not differ (P = 0.91). An increasing number of healthy lifestyle factors were associated with lower SAT and VAT volumes (all P < 0.003).Adherence to recommended dietary guidelines and physical activity are associated with lower SAT and VAT volumes. However, both smoking and high alcohol intake are differentially associated with VAT volumes. Further research to uncover the putative mechanisms is warranted.
Skin Patches: Enhanced Skin Adhesive Patch with Modulus‐Tunable Composite Micropillars (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 1/2013)
Authors: Won Gyu Bae, Doogon Kim, Moon Kyu Kwak, Laura Ha, Seong Min Kang, Kahp Y. Suh
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Modulus-tunable composite micropillars are developed by combining replica molding and selective inking for medical skin adhesives in U-health diagnostic devices. Inspired from hierarchically organized gecko foot hair, Kahp Y. Suh and co-wokers present on page 109 composite PDMS micropillars to enhance adhesion strength and durability of dry adhesive skin patches.
Alexithymia and Chronic Respiratory Disease
Authors: Robert J. Feiguine, Francie A. Johnson
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

Alexithymia within a chronic respiratory illness population has been given considerable attention in the psychiatric/psychological literature over the course of the past 5 years. Various observations as to the alexithymic trait within the chronic respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic bronchitis/emphysema, and tuberculosis) have revealed significant findings as to the manner in which alexithymia manifests itself and impacts on chronic respiratory disease. The present paper reviews the literature on alexithymia that has emanated from National Jewish Hospital and Research Center/National Asthma Center and raises questions for future research as regards alexithymia in chronic respiratory diseases.