tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impression of General Practice
Authors: A. R. H. Williamson, P. M. R. Hemphill, J. C. Foster, T. I. Stewart, A. J. Pim, J. C. Hasler
Journal: BMJ (1967)

mum= therapy than biochemical estimations alone.We would therefore respectfully suggest that before reaching a conclusion on Dr. Friedman's study with regard to clinical activity one must first correlate this latter with the plasma 1l-OHCS curves described.We would, however, repeat that we have no desire to produce a long-acting A.C.T.H. preparation which has an identical duration of action to any other prolonged A.C.T.H. at present available.We would maintain that A.C.T.H./c.m.c.represents a highly purified long-acting A.C.T.H. preparation with a therapeutic action which is similar to A.C.T.H. gelatin and every other natural A.C.T.H. prepara- tion, but which has two additional practical advantages-the first is its liquid nature and the second is its stability.These properties facilitate subcutaneous injection and make self-administration a more practical form of A.C.T.H. therapy for the outpatient.The necessity of warming a heat labile compound before administration is avoided.-Iam, etc.,
Abnormal Whole-body Technetium-99m MDP Scintigraphy Indicating Cortical Hyperostosis Following Long-term Administration of Prostataglandin E-1 in an Infant with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: CARL-JOHAN EDELING, POVL B??CHLER FREDERIKSEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

A 2-month-old boy was treated for ductus arteriosus patency with prostataglandin E-1. At the age of 36 days he was shunt operated for congenital pulmonary atresia. Tc-99m MDP whole-body scintigraphy revealed intense accumulation in both upper and lower extremities and in the ribs, indicating cortical hyperostosis.
THE EFFECT OF DRUG-ELUTING STENTS ON CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES IN DIABETIC, PATIENTS, 2 YEARS RESULT: MULTICENTER REGISTRY IN ASIA
Authors: Sunao Nakamura, Hisao Ogawa, Jang-Ho Bae, Yeo H. Cahyadi, Wasan Udayachalerm, Damras Tresukosol, Sudaratana Tansuphaswadikul
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Freeze-dried formulations for in vivo gene delivery of PEGylated polyplex micelles with disulfide crosslinked cores to the liver
Authors: Kanjiro Miyata, Yoshinori Kakizawa, Nobuhiro Nishiyama, Yuichi Yamasaki, Tsunamasa Watanabe, Michinori Kohara, Kazunori Kataoka
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2005)
William H Bain
Authors: M. Turner
Journal: BMJ (2015)

William H Bain (“Bill”) spent an active life as a cardiac surgeon in Glasgow. Apart from his tenure of a research scholarship in the USA, he remained in Glasgow for the whole of his professional career. He quickly progressed to a lectureship in the university’s Department of Surgery, presided over by Professor William Arthur Mackey.

The new specialty of bypass cardiac surgery was encouraged there, and one of Professor Bain’s assignments was to develop a heart-lung machine. At that time, this subject played a leading part in several surgical centres throughout the world, following the work of professors Melrose in London and Kirklin at the Mayo Clinic. The exchange of ideas and their practical application allowed Bain to produce—after extensive laboratory testing—a relatively safe bypass machine for clinical use.

At that time in the 1950s the predominant cardiac pathology …
Hereditary Deafness in Man
Authors: Bruce W. Konigsmark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Hereditary Deafness Associated with Skeletal DiseaseAbout 12 different hereditary diseases have been described in which there is an association between hearing loss and disease of the skeletal system. The skeletal abnormalities include symphalangism, craniostenosis, facial deformities, abnormalities of the extremities and dysgenesis of bone.Dominant Proximal Symphalangism and Hearing LossAlthough four types of hereditary symphalangism have been described, in only one is there an associated hearing loss. Strasburger et al.77 and Vessel78 studied several families with dominant proximal symphalangism. Characteristics of this syndrome included ankylosis of the proximal interphalangeal joints and a conductive hearing loss. The number of . . .
CD95L Cell Surface Cleavage Triggers a Prometastatic Signaling Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Marine Malleter, Sébastien Tauzin, Alban Bessede, Rémy Castellano, Armelle Goubard, Florence Godey, Jean Levêque, Pascal Jézéquel, Loic Campion, Mario Campone, Thomas Ducret, Gaëtan MacGrogan, Laure Debure, Yves Collette, Pierre Vacher, Patrick Legembre
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) lacking estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2 amplification have a relatively high risk of metastatic dissemination, but the mechanistic basis for this risk is not understood. Here, we report that serum levels of CD95 ligand (CD95L) are higher in patients with TNBC than in other patients with breast cancer. Metalloprotease-mediated cleavage of CD95L expressed by endothelial cells surrounding tumors generates a gradient that promotes cell motility due to the formation of an unconventional CD95-containing receptosome called the motility-inducing signaling complex. The formation of this complex was instrumental for Nox3-driven reactive oxygen species generation. Mechanistic investigations revealed a Yes-Orai1-EGFR-PI3K pathway that triggered migration of TNBC cells exposed to CD95L. Our findings establish a prometastatic function for metalloprotease-cleaved CD95L in TNBCs, revisiting its role in carcinogenesis.
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor regulates both activities of neutral and acidic cholesteryl ester hydrolases in human monocyte-derived macrophages.
Authors: T Inaba, H Shimano, T Gotoda, K Harada, M Shimada, M Kawamura, Y Yazaki, N Yamada
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) regulates cholesterol metabolism in vivo and in vitro. We studied the effects of M-CSF on enzyme activities of acidic cholesteryl ester (CE) hydrolase, neutral CE hydrolase, and acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), all of which are involved in cellular cholesterol metabolism in macrophages. During the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages, these enzyme activities were induced and further enhanced in response to M-CSF. M-CSF (100 ng/ml) enhanced acidic and neutral CE hydrolase and ACAT activities by 3.2-, 4-, and 2.3-fold, respectively, in the presence of acetyl LDL. The presence of acetyl LDL influenced these enzyme activities. ACAT and acidic CE hydrolase activities were increased and neutral CE hydrolase activity was decreased, indicating that these enzymes are regulated by intracellular cholesterol enrichment. M-CSF increased the ratios of acidic CE hydrolase to ACAT activity and of neutral CE hydrolase to ACAT activity. The results suggest that M-CSF enhances net hydrolysis of CE by stimulating the two CE hydrolases to a greater extent than ACAT, and M-CSF may reduce the rate of atherogenesis.
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, a Potent Cardiac Hypertrophic Cytokine, Activates the JAK/STAT Pathway in Rat Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Hiroaki Kodama, Keiichi Fukuda, Jing Pan, Shinji Makino, Akiyasu Baba, Shingo Hori, Satoshi Ogawa
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a member of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines, which induces a wide range of responses in a variety of cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LIF induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and transmits signals through the JAK/STAT (indicating just another kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway in primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. LIF increased protein content and [ 3 H]phenylalanine uptake in cardiomyocytes in a dose-dependent manner. LIF (10 3 U/mL) induced rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of gp130, JAK1, JAK2, STAT1, and STAT3 but not Tyk2 or STAT2. LIF also induced autokinase activity of JAK1 in a time-dependent manner. Gel shift assays for interferon gamma activation site/interferon-stimulated responsive element and sis -inducible element (SIE) revealed that LIF induced dimerization of STAT1 and STAT3 and formation of sis -inducing factor complexes, which subsequently interacted with SIE in the promoter. Preincubation with anti-STAT1 and anti-STAT3 antibodies inhibited the binding of SIF complexes. In conclusion, LIF induces cardiac hypertrophy and directly stimulates the JAK/STAT pathway in cardiomyocytes.
Four in five nurses on mental wards face violence
Authors: Andrew Cole
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A detailed audit of 265 facilities for psychiatry and learning disability in England and Wales has uncovered “startlingly high” levels of violence towards staff and among patients.

It says that alcohol and drug abuse are the main triggers for this violence, although other factors are staff shortages, failures in basic safety techniques, poor training, and boredom and inactivity on many wards.

The study, produced by the Royal College of Psychiatrists for the NHS inspection body the Healthcare Commission, shows that nurses suffer the most violence, with nearly four out of five saying they experienced violent or threatening behaviour during their time on the ward. One staff member said it had …
FDA Focuses on Drug and Device Errors
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

"EVERY DAY in the United States a hospital patient dies because someone made a mistake in his or her prescribed medication." With these words, Sharon Smith Holston, JD, the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) deputy commissioner for external affairs, opened what was described—surprisingly—as the first meeting the agency has ever convened on preventing errors in the use of medications and other medical products. The gathering, which brought together FDA officials and groups representing physicians, pharmacists, and nurses, was an effort to move beyond finger-pointing at perpetrators of drug- and device-related errors to the development of strategies for preventing such mistakes. Underscoring the need for such strategies are the 150 new reports each month to the agency's database of medication errors. To date, the FDA has received approximately 4500 reports of medication mistakes, resulting in 250 deaths and 525 serious injuries, explained Jerry Phillips, RPh, director of the FDA's Division of
972-102 Suppression of ICAM-1 and P-Selectin Adhesion Molecule Expression by Bolus IV Liposomal PGE1 (TLC-C53) Immediately Prior to Reperfusion in a Two Hour Canine Infarct/Reperfusion Model
Authors: Richard Smalling, Margaret Uthman, Nagendra Ramanna, Edward Yeh, James Amirian, Patty Felli, Steve Feld, Michel Accad, Andrew Concoff, C. Wayne Smith, Mark Entman, Andrew Janoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Operative Surgery: Fundamental International Techniques—Abdomen
Authors: R. Dale Liechty
Journal: JAMA (1978)

"This is not an encyclopedia— rather a definitive description of what has been found practical and useful for the majority." Most surgeons will find that this book is both practical and useful. Five hundred pages of excellent black-and-white drawings illustrate various abdominal procedures from abdominal wall incisions to resections of the liver and pancreas. American surgeons should take special interest in two sections that describe the techniques of highly selective vagotomy for treating peptic ulcer disease. Developed in England and Denmark, this procedure has become the standard ulcer operation throughout much of Western Europe. On this side of the Atlantic, most surgeons are still wondering if they should join this medical common market. The key question is whether ten or 15 years postoperatively this new procedure will produce fewer "melancholy Danes" (and Britons) than the older, proved operations for peptic ulcer disease. A section on hydatid cysts of the liver
Lupus-like Illness Precipitated by Procainamide Hydrochloride
Authors: Jerrold M. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A lupus-like state occurred in four patients who were taking procainamide hydrochloride. Arthralgia, cutaneous lesions, pleuropulmonary involvement, and the demonstration of lupus erythematosus (LE) cells or antinuclear antibodies were the most characteristic clinical manifestations and laboratory abnormalities. Arthralgia was the presenting symptom in these patients. The occurrence of joint pain in patients taking procainamide should alert the physician to the possibility of a lupus-like state. Antinuclear-antibody determinations and serologic tests for syphilis yielded negative results in the relatives of two of our patients.
The histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275 induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
Authors: D M Lucas, M E Davis, M R Parthun, A P Mone, S Kitada, K D Cunningham, E L Flax, J Wickham, J C Reed, J C Byrd, M R Grever
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
The New Method of Inducing Sleep Without Drugs: One-Hundred-Dollar Prize.
Authors: J. B. Learned
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Northampton, Mass., Jan. 30, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The one grand step in scientific medicine during the centuries has been that just accomplished at the close of the nineteenth. Tuberculosis is now to be cured by sunshine, open-air exercise, and plain food. Drugs, predigested foods and the poisonous inhalations of the closed wards are recognized as causes rather than cures of tuberculosis. A revolution of no less importance is in process to liberate the non-sleeping, hypnotic, drug-taking brain-workers now on duty in all the great centers of this country. Drug unconsciousness is causative, not curative, of insomnia. By well-trained will power we may command quiet in the workshop of the brain, as we may in the mill. It is all a matter of turning on and off the belts. "The New Method of Inducing Sleep Without Drugs" consists in bringing under control two functions of organic life at the retiring
Calculating target allocations for commissioning general practices in England
Authors: G. Bevan
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A new formula tackles two of four abiding problems of formula funding in England

In 1946, Aneurin Bevan identified three causes of inequity in healthcare in the United Kingdom: the fact that access depended on ability to pay and the inequitable distributions of both general practitioners and hospitals. From 1948, the NHS was designed to tackle the first two problems: services became free at the point of delivery and medical practice committees exercised “negative direction” over the distribution of general practitioners, which restricted their entry into “overdoctored” areas.1 The effective remedy to the third problem followed the 1976 report of the Resource Allocation Working Party (RAWP), which interpreted its terms of reference as being “to secure through resource allocation a method that would promote equal opportunity of access for those at equal risk.”1 2 This has remained the principal objective of formula funding, which is used to determine estimated equitable target allocations for populations.1 Policies aim to phase budgetary allocations towards targets at a manageable pace of change. The linked study by Dixon and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.d6608) tackles two of four abiding problems of formula funding in England.3

The first problem is …
Natural Fostering in Fritillaria cirrhosa: Integrating herbal medicine production with biodiversity conservation
Authors: Xiwen Li, Jingyuan Song, Jianhe Wei, Zhigang Hu, Caixiang Xie, Guoan Luo
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Protected areas are generally regarded as a power tool to conserve biodiversity. Nonetheless, few protected areas could address three crucial problems simultaneously, namely funding, public participation and rural living. Here, we introduced a new protective approach, Natural Fostering, which integrated herbal medicine production with community conservation. The principles of Natural Fostering adopted species–species interaction at community level. Most effective chemical components of herbal medicine are derived from such interaction. Fritillaria cirrhosa was selected as an economic botany, one of herbal medicines, to carry out Natural Fostering. Community habitats, herbal medicine production, funding and income of local family were investigated to verify the feasibility of Natural Fostering for biodiversity. We found the density of plant populations and the annual average personal income of rural people increased. F. cirrhosa production could provide sufficient funds for sustainable conservation. Local people gradually changed their life style of wild collection and overgrazing, instead of herbal medicine production. The fostering area set up a good sustainable economic cycle. Natural Fostering can be presented as an effective and pragmatic way to conserve biological diversity and sustainable utilization of traditional medicinal resources.
Metabolic effects of cachectin/tumor necrosis factor are modified by site of production. Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor-secreting tumor in skeletal muscle induces chronic cachexia, while implantation in brain induces predominantly acute anorexia.
Authors: K J Tracey, S Morgello, B Koplin, T J Fahey, J Fox, A Aledo, K R Manogue, A Cerami
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

We have developed a murine model of wasting by injecting intracerebrally cells which continuously secrete h-cachectin/TNF (CHO-TNF) to: (a) determine the effects of cachectin/TNF produced continuously in the central nervous system (CNS), and (b) compare the metabolic effects of cachectin/TNF-secreting tumor in the brain to the cachexia caused by CHO-TNF tumor in peripheral tissue (IM). Intracerebral CHO-TNF tumors produced increased serum h-cachectin/TNF levels with lethal hypophagia and weight loss (mean survival time of 11 d); these changes were not observed in association with nonsecretory control brain tumors. The metabolic consequences of intracerebral cachectin/TNF production were indistinguishable from acute, lethal starvation: whole-body lipid content was decreased significantly but protein was conserved. Although intramuscular cachectin/TNF-secreting tumors caused similar increases of serum h-cachectin/TNF levels, profound anorexia did not develop; wasting developed after a longer period of tumor burden (50 d) with classical signs of cachexia (i.e., anemia and depletion of both protein and lipid). These studies provide a reproducible animal model of site-specific cytokine production and suggest that, regardless of serum levels, cachectin/TNF produced locally in brain influences both the rate of development of wasting and its net metabolic effects.
Kallmann's Syndrome Associated With Atrial Septal Defect
Authors: Cedo Dimitrovski
Journal: JAMA (1982)

THE EXISTENCE of hypogonadism with anosmia was first described in an autopsy case in 1856 by Maestre de San Juan.<sup>1</sup>In 1944, Kallmann et al<sup>2</sup>suggested sex-linked inheritance of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia and noted occurrence of harelip, cleft palate, and craniofacial asymmetry. Since then, other clinical cases associated with various skeletal, ophthalmic, urogenital, and cardiovascular abnormalities have been reported.<sup>3-5</sup> This article reports an association of Kallmann's syndrome with atrial septal defect (ASD)-type ostium secundum. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 22-year-old male student was admitted to our clinic because of great concern about his small penis and inadequate masculinization. He had never shaved or ejaculated. There was a history of lifelong insensitivity to common odors but no family history of hypogonadism, sterility, anosmia, or cardiovascular disorder. Physical examination showed a eunuchoidal man with some increased adipose tissue over the abdomen and hips. His height was 173 cm
A Request to State Examining Boards—University of Michigan Has Two Departments of Medicine.
Authors: Victor C. Vaughan
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Ann Arbor, Mich., Aug. 18, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Please permit me through your columns to request the state medical examining boards to distinguish in their reports of examinations between the Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Michigan and the Homeopathic Medical College of the University of Michigan. These are two distinct schools, with different requirements for admission, and with essential differences in the courses offered.
SHEEP RED CELL BINDING TO HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES TREATED WITH NEURAMINIDASE; ENHANCEMENT OF T CELL BINDING AND IDENTIFICATION OF A SUBPOPULATION OF B CELLS
Authors: Z. Bentwich, S. D. Douglas, E. Skutelsky, H. G. Kunkel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Neuraminidase treatment of normal human lymphocytes enhances their capacity to form SRBC rosettes; more red cells are bound and the rosettes are more stable. Under these conditions approximately 90% of peripheral blood lymphocytes form rosettes. In addition to the effects on T cells, another population of lymphocytes which possess surface immunoglobulin and have the Fc receptor acquire the rosette-forming property after neuraminidase. This subpopulation of ‘B’ cells represents approximately half of the lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulin but is not found among the leukemic lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Electron microscope observations indicate close approximation and intimate association of the red cell and lymphocyte membranes after neuraminidase.
Problems in Testing for Abused Drugs
Authors: Arthur J. McBay
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Analyses of urine and other specimens for drugs are becoming very popular. Proponents of such drug testing should be prepared to demonstrate the need for the program and to ensure that testing will be properly conducted and the significance of the results properly interpreted. Before submitting to such a program, the person to be tested should have these guarantees. Testing has been proposed or is being done on urine from members of the armed services, employees, applicants for employment, athletes, students, and others. Subjects may be randomly chosen or may be tested after some incident. Positive findings have been interpreted as evidence of use of a drug or that the user was adversely influenced or impaired at some time before the specimen was obtained. The use of such testing may lead to counseling, to termination of employment, to imprisonment, or to other sanctions. The substances sought are
Volunteer doctors start a clinic for the marginalized of New York city
Authors: E. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The charity Doctors of the World was there to help injured and homeless people after hurricane Sandy hit, but after seeing a long standing need for health services in the area it has established a permanent base, writes <b>Edward Davies</b>. The charity is well versed in bringing care to the most vulnerable people all over the world, which is why the <i>BMJ</i> has chosen it for this year’s Christmas appeal. Please give generously
Multicentric Epithelioidal Hemangioendothelioma of Bone
Authors: ALICIA CAMARERO, MONTSERRAT DELGADO, RAFAEL LORENTE, JUAN I. RAYO, JUAN L. RAMOS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Epithelioidal hemangioendothelioma of bone is a tumor with a low degree of malignancy originating in the vascular endothelium. The differential diagnosis of epithelioidal hemangioma and epithelioidal angiosarcoma as well as metastatic carcinoma is proposed. Although the final diagnosis is based fundamentally on anatomopathologic findings, methods involving the use of images are useful for locating and accurately delimiting the lesions and also for orienting a possible surgical approach. We show the contribution of the different techniques used to evaluate and diagnose a vertebral tumor of vascular origin that appears multicentrically.