tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tuberculin Tine Test
Authors: Franklin E. Hull
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The tuberculin tine test (TTT) and the standard purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD; 5 tuberculin units [TU]) were compared on 1,242 healthy prisoners. The single 72-hour reading yielded the best TTT sensitivity and specificity, with an intertest disagreement of 3.8%. When the test results were grouped as negative, weak positive, and strong positive, there was about 10% intertest disagreement, unaffected by race or tuberculosis exposure. Respective TTT and PPD limits of 3 to 4 mm and 6 mm permitted as good interest agreement as the usual limits of 2 mm and 5 mm. Eighty-nine percent of all false positive TTT responses were weak positive. Of the false negative TTT responses, none were associated with strong positive PPD responses. The incidence of weak positive TTT or PPD responses (11% to 13%) showed no relationship to race or tuberculosis exposure. The TTT was as sensitive but less specific than the PPD.
Surgeons and HIV
Authors: J. Elford, A. Cockcroft
Journal: BMJ (1991)

<b>Background:</b> The GAP (gender, age, and lung physiology) model has been reported to have good predictive and discriminative performances for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients with easy calculation. However, we previously reported that in the Japanese IPF cohort, the GAP model did not show accurate model performances like those observed in the original report. We tried adjusting the GAP model using our cohort to show better model performances for Japanese IPF patients. <b>Methods:</b> We included 325 IPF patients in this study. According to the AICc of the Cox proportional hazards regression, we chose gender, age, %VC and %DLCO as prognostic factors, similar to the original GAP model. We trisected values of these factors and made them into points. Moreover, we corrected the weighting of these points based on regression coefficients for each factors. The total points were stratified into Stage I – III, considering the distribution of the number of patients and the survival rate at each stage. Moreover, we validated this ‘adjusted’ model with another IPF cohort (validation cohort) that included 117 patients. <b>Results:</b> Using the adjusted GAP model, the survival rates of each stage were significantly different from each other using the log-rank test. The cumulative mortality rates at each stage a year after diagnosis were 7.0% (Stage I), 26.6% (Stage II) and 40.1% (Stage III), which were close to those of the original report. The model performances were confirmed with the validation cohort. <b>Conclusion:</b> We adjusted the GAP model using the Japanese IPF cohort. By resetting thresholds and points for the GAP parameters, we might adjust the GAP model suitable to respective cohorts.
Kidney injury molecule‐1 and <i>N</i>‐acetyl‐ß‐<scp>d</scp>‐glucosaminidase in chronic heart failure: possible biomarkers of cardiorenal syndrome
Authors: Carsten G. Jungbauer, Christoph Birner, Bettina Jung, Stefan Buchner, Matthias Lubnow, Christian von Bary, Dierk Endemann, Bernhard Banas, Matthias Mack, Carsten A. Böger, Günter Riegger, Andreas Luchner
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Disseminated zoster, hyponatraemia, severe abdominal pain and leukaemia relapse: recognition of a new clinical quartet after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: W.Y. Au, S.Y. Ma, V.C.C. Cheng, C.G.C. Ooi, A.K.W. Lie
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Disseminated zoster, hyponatraemia, severe abdominal pain and leukaemia relapse: recognition of a new clinical quartet after bone marrow transplantation Get access W.Y. Au, W.Y. Au Departments of Medicine, Microbiology W.Y.Au. E‐mail: auwing@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.Y. Ma, S.Y. Ma Departments of Medicine, Microbiology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V.C.C. Cheng, V.C.C. Cheng Departments of Medicine, Microbiology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.G.C. Ooi, C.G.C. Ooi Diagnostic Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.K.W. Lie A.K.W. Lie Departments of Medicine, Microbiology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue 4, 1 October 2003, Pages 862–865, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05656.x Published: 01 October 2003 Article history Accepted: 29 May 2003 Published: 01 October 2003
Biochemical characterization of a gamma interferon-inducible cytokine (IP-10).
Authors: A D Luster, J V Ravetch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

An IFN-gamma-inducible protein, IP-10, has previously been described to belong to a gene family of chemotactic and mitogenic proteins, associated with inflammation and proliferation. Biochemical characterization of this predicted protein has been pursued through the development of polyclonal monospecific antisera to recombinant protein and synthetic peptides. These reagents establish that the IP-10 protein is secreted from a variety of cells (endothelial, monocyte, fibroblast, and keratinocyte) in response to IFN-gamma. Posttranslational processing occurs in the biosynthesis of this protein, resulting in a 6-7-kD species, which may reflect COOH-terminal cleavage. Pulse-chase studies indicate that this processing is a rapid event in the primary cell lines studied, completed in the 30-min labeling period. A model is presented for the processing and secondary structure of this protein. In an accompanying study, Kaplan, et al. using these antisera, demonstrate that the IP-10 protein is associated, in vivo, with a delayed-type hypersensitivity response.
NOTE ON THE MORPHINE-HYOSCINE METHOD OF PAINLESS CHILDBIRTH
Authors: A. F. Martin
Journal: BMJ (1917)

JOURNAL for October 14th last by Drs.Haultain and Swift on this subject cannot be overestimated.I lhave tlhought thlat a few further'observations fromii my 'owIn experience in fifteen cases, all primiparae, would perhaps be of lhelp.These results were embodied in a paper read before the Biradford Medico-Chirargical Society in Marelh, 191b.To acquire tle -technique of Kronig's method was not easy.The first difficulty was to know wlen tW give thle first dose.I fancy I lhave miet cases in whiich the os was the size of a crow.n,but wvlere, notwithstanding tlhis, tllc uterine pains were inliibited by thlc h,yoscine, wlhicl
Platelet response in fat embolism and its relationship to petechiae.
Authors: E M Hoare
Journal: BMJ (1971)

FIG. 3-Typial film showing bronchogram produced by aspiration of contrast medium under ketamine anaesthesia.Case 2 from group 1. not completed because of the development of partial laryn- gospasm after only 2 ml of Dionosil.Group 2.-Each of the seven conscious controls had no x-ray evidence of radio-opaque material in the lungs.Discussin None of the conscious patients aspirated contrast medium.This result is supported by the fact that accidential inhlation of radio-opaque dye by patients undergoing oesophageal swallow,investigations is rarely reported despite large numbers of such examinations.However, several investigations have shown that the laryngeal-closure reflex is depressed under various forms of conventional anaesthesia (Nunn, 1967; Wise et al., 1969; Healey et al., 1970).In addition, Tomlin et al. (1968) showed that the reflex may not return to normal within two hours of wakening from anaesthesia.This study shows a similar depression during anaesthesia with ketamine.It would appear, therefore, that ketamine does not differ from conventional anaesthetics in causing depression of pharyn.geal and laryngeal reflexes during surgical anaesthesia.The advent of this new type of anaesthetic agent might tempt some clinicians to use ketamine for obstetric anaesthesia on the grounds that its unique properties would make it an ideal agent to use in the presence of a full stomach.These results suggest that it must be accompanied by endotracheal intubation to prevent the risk of silent aspiration.
A kallikrein-like serine protease in prostatic fluid cleaves the predominant seminal vesicle protein.
Authors: H Lilja
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

A 33-kD glycoprotein, known as the "prostate-specific antigen," was purified to homogeneity from human seminal plasma. The prostatic protein was identified as a serine protease, and its NH2-terminal sequence strongly suggests that it belongs to the family of glandular kallikreins. The structural protein of human seminal coagulum, the predominant protein in seminal vesicle secretion, was rapidly cleaved by the prostatic enzyme, which suggests that this seminal vesicle protein may serve as the physiological substrate for the protease. The prostatic enzyme hydrolyzed arginine- and lysine-containing substrates with a distinct preference for the former. All synthetic substrates tested were poor substrates for the enzyme. Synthetic Factor XIa substrate (pyro-glutamyl-prolyl-arginine-p-nitroanilide), and the synthetic kallikrein substrate (H-D-prolyl-phenylalanyl-arginine-p-nitroanilide) were hydrolyzed with maximum specific activities at 23 degrees C of 79 and 34 nmol/min per mg and Km values of 1.0 and 0.45 mM, respectively. Synthetic substrates for plasmin, chymotrypsin, and elastase were either not hydrolyzed by the enzyme at all, or only hydrolyzed very slowly.
Distance of Lipid Core–Rich Plaques From the Ostium by NIRS in Nonculprit Coronary Arteries
Authors: Salvatore Brugaletta, Hector M. Garcia-Garcia, Patrick W. Serruys, Josep Gomez-Lara, Sanneke de Boer, Jurgen Ligthart, Karen Witberg, Cihan Simsek, Robert-Jan van Geuns, Carl Schultz, Henricus J. Duckers, Nicolas van Mieghem, Peter de Jaegere, Sean P. Madden, James E. Muller, Antonius F.W. van der Steen, Eric Boersma, Wim J. van der Giessen, Felix Zijlstra, Evelyn Regar
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
The Navel Shadow
Authors: Wayne A. Chesledon
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I would like to call attention to the fact that on the oblique films of gallbladder examinations the shadow of the navel is seen occasionally. It may project over the gallbladder (Fig. 1). The typical umbilication may be only partially present and may resemble a stone. The recognition of this normal anatomical structure, therefore, is important (Fig. 2). A search through the literature did not reveal any previous mention of the x-ray appearance of this structure. There is a detailed account of the surface anatomy of the umbilicus in T. S. Cullen's book,<i>The Umbilicus and Its Diseases,</i>W. B. Saunders Co., 1916.
Abstract 4353: Primary sarcoma of the liver and biliary tract in children: Results for the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) studies MMT 84, MMT89 and MMT95
Authors: Max M. van Noesel, Willemijn Mulder, Annie Rey, Anna Kelsey, Michael C.G. Stevens, Hélène Martelli, Odile Oberlin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Sarcomas of the liver (SL) are mostly Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver (UESL), or RMS. Sarcoma of the biliary tract (SBT) are usually botryoid or embryonal RMS. The prognosis is not well known. The value of common prognostic factors, (histology, tumor size, age, IRS grouping, chemotherapy) have only been described in case reports or very limited series. Patients and Methods: Here, we analyzed outcome and modality of relapse for patients under 18 years of age with nonmetastatic SL and SBT of the prospective SIOP Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies (MMT 84, 89 and 95). MMT studies are based on IVA (Ifosfamide, vincristine, actinomycin-D) and local surgery and/or radiotherapy. Results: The MMT studies (1984-2003) included 1554 sarcoma patients, of which 39 SL (11 RMS and 28 UESL) and 8 SBT, total 47 (3%). The median age was 6.3 years, M:F=39:10. The 5 years OS and EFS were 80%, not significantly different in RMS vs. UESL, or liver vs. biliary tract. Pre-surgical T1 vs. T2 tumors were significantly different in prognosis (5-yrs EFS 85 % vs. 62 %, resp.; p=0.03), but this was non-significantly different in the post surgical IRS staging (group I, II vs. III; p=0.08). Age at diagnosis, tumor size or histology, and treatment protocol were none significantly related to outcome. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 45/47of the patients (96%), 7/47 (15%) after primary surgery, 3/47 after chemotherapy, 31/45 after surgery and chemo, 4/47 after chemo, radiotherapy and surgery, In 22 second, delayed surgery was performed, 21/22 achieved CR. Relapsed patients (11/47; 23%) did not survive. The effect of chemotherapy was no different between studies (MMT 84, 89, 95). Conclusion: In the SIOP MMT studies, an IVA based chemotherapy combined with local treatment resulted in a favorable outcome for sarcomas of the liver and bile duct. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4353. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4353
Alopecia areata: light and electron microscopic pathology of the regrowing white hair
Authors: A.G. MESSENGER, S. S. BLEEHEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Light and electron microscopic studies have been carried out on fifteen regrowing white anagen hair follicles from seven patients with alopecia areata. Seven bulbs showed evidence of cell injury that was concentrated in cortical keratocytes. Lower bulb matrix cells appeared undamaged though in six bulbs apoptotic degeneration was seen in the lower bulb keratocytes, perhaps indicating early catagen transformation. Melanocytes were identified in all the bulbs except those from one patient. The number of melanocytes and their melanization were much less than in the normal pigmented follicle, and pigment transfer was rarely seen. It is proposed that alopecia areata is a disease of differentiating cortical keratocytes. The failure of pigmentation in the regrowing white hair may be post-inflammatory, but the various other pigmentary features of alopecia areata, especially the sparing of senile white hairs, suggest that pigmentary mechanisms in the hair bulb are of primary importance in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
Abstract 351: 2-Methoxyestradiol targets RON kinase and FLIP to inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer
Authors: Izhar Singh Batth, Jingjing Gong, Roble G. Bedolla, Susan T. Weintraub, Addanki Pratap Kumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate Cancer (PCA) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men in the United States. Despite significant progress in our understanding of prostate biology, early detection and treatment, the five-year survival for hormone refractory metastatic prostate cancer (HRPCA) patients is less than 30%. Current therapies targeting PCA are not effective against the metastatic stage. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2) is a metabolic product of 17-β-estradiol and is found in trace amounts in the body; it has shown anti-tumorigenic properties in multiple cancer models. Previous studies from our lab have shown that 2-ME2 can induce apoptosis in PCA cells by blocking cell cycle progression, and also inhibits PCA growth and progression in TRAMP mice. However, the precise mechanism of action of 2-ME2 has not yet been elucidated. In order to classify the mechanism behind PCA inhibition by 2-ME2, we tested its effectiveness on an array containing genes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We identified Recepteur d'Origine Nantais (RON) as one of the most significantly downregulated genes in response to 2-ME2 treatment. RON has been shown to promote cell invasiveness, migration, survivability, and proliferation in many cancers such as breast, colon, lung, and pancreatic. However, very little is known about RON's signaling mechanism in PCA. We've found RON to be highly increased in advanced stage PCA cell lines. RON knockdown shows a concomitant decrease in the expression of FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP). FLIP is an anti-apoptotic protein which prevents death receptor-induced apoptotic signaling. FLIP has been found to promote EMT as well as androgen-independent PCA growth. Stimulation with the RON ligand HGF yielded elevated expression of RON and FLIP in PCA cell lines while treatment with 2-ME2 caused downregulation. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed RON to be associated with the androgen-induced proliferation inhibitor (APRIN) in PCA cells. Our data suggest that RON/FLIP crosstalk plays a role in prostate cancer. Therefore, targeting RON/FLIP signaling could have potential therapeutic benefit for metastatic PCA. Supported by NIH CA 135451 (APK). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 351. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-351
TCT-725 Aortic Valve Calcium Score (AVCS) Predicts The Prevalence Of Paravalvular Leakage After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)
Authors: Jovana Pavicevic, Thi Dan Linh Nguyen-Kim, Maximilian Y. Emmert, Thomas Frauenfelder, Volkmar Falk, Willibald Maier, Roberto Corti, André Plass, Jürg Grünenfelder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Consequences of False-Positive Screening Mammograms
Authors: Anna N. A. Tosteson, Dennis G. Fryback, Cristina S. Hammond, Lucy G. Hanna, Margaret R. Grove, Mary Brown, Qianfei Wang, Karen Lindfors, Etta D. Pisano
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

False-positive mammograms, a common occurrence in breast cancer screening programs, represent a potential screening harm that is currently being evaluated by the US Preventive Services Task Force. To measure the effect of false-positive mammograms on quality of life by measuring personal anxiety, health utility, and attitudes toward future screening. The Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST) quality-of-life substudy telephone survey was performed shortly after screening and 1 year later at 22 DMIST sites and included randomly selected DMIST participants with positive and negative mammograms. Mammogram requiring follow-up testing or referral without a cancer diagnosis. The 6-question short form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory state scale (STAI-6) and the EuroQol EQ-5D instrument with US scoring. Attitudes toward future screening as measured by women's self-report of future intention to undergo mammographic screening and willingness to travel and stay overnight to undergo a hypothetical new type of mammography that would identify as many cancers with half the false-positive results. Among 1450 eligible women invited to participate, 1226 (84.6%) were enrolled, with follow-up interviews obtained in 1028 (83.8%). Anxiety was significantly higher for women with false-positive mammograms (STAI-6, 35.2 vs 32.7), but health utility scores did not differ and there were no significant differences between groups at 1 year. Future screening intentions differed by group (25.7% vs 14.2% more likely in false-positive vs negative groups); willingness to travel and stay overnight did not (9.9% vs 10.5% in false-positive vs negative groups). Future screening intention was significantly increased among women with false-positive mammograms (odds ratio, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.54-2.93), younger age (2.78; 1.5-5.0), and poorer health (1.63; 1.09-2.43). Women's anticipated high-level anxiety regarding future false-positive mammograms was associated with willingness to travel overnight (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.28-2.95). False-positive mammograms were associated with increased short-term anxiety but not long-term anxiety, and there was no measurable health utility decrement. False-positive mammograms increased women's intention to undergo future breast cancer screening and did not increase their stated willingness to travel to avoid a false-positive result. Our finding of time-limited harm after false-positive screening mammograms is relevant for clinicians who counsel women on mammographic screening and for screening guideline development groups.
Preamble to the 2015 SITC immunotherapy biomarkers taskforce
Authors: Lisa H Butterfield, Mary L Disis, Bernard A Fox, Samir N Khleif, Francesco M Marincola
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) has regularly hosted workshops and working groups focused on immunologic monitoring and immune biomarkers. Due to advances in cancer immunotherapy, including positive results from clinical trials testing new agents and combinations, emerging new technologies for measuring aspects of immunity, and novel candidate biomarkers from early phase trials, the SITC Immune Biomarkers Taskforce has reconvened to review the state of the art, identify current hurdles to further success and to make recommendations to the field. Topics being addressed by individual working groups include: (1) validation of candidate biomarkers, (2) identification of the most promising technologies, (3) testing of high throughput immune signatures and (4) investigation of the pre-treatment tumor microenvironment. Resultant recommendations will be published in JITC.
Accuracy of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the early diagnosis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in critical illness
Authors: Xavier Valette, Benoit Savary, Marie Nowoczyn, Cédric Daubin, Véronique Pottier, Nicolas Terzi, Amélie Seguin, Sabine Fradin, Pierre Charbonneau, Jean-Luc Hanouz, Damien du Cheyron
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
Cadmium, an effector in the synthesis of thionein.
Authors: S E Bryan, H A Hidalgo, V Koppa, H A Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Cadmium can elicit the synthesis of thionein in liver cells independent of tissue-organ interactions. The metal diffuses across the plasma membrane and is partitioned between subcellular components in a time dependent manner such that thionein synthesis responds to levels of nonspecifically and specifically bound cytoplasmic metal. Cadmium appears to function at the transcriptional level, and the metal may act to increase the pool of specific m-RNA's.
Medical Libraries Today
Authors: L.M. Asta
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Currents15 May 1998Medical Libraries TodayL.M. Asta, MDL.M. Asta, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Although physicians once skimmed printed journals and Index Medicus to keep up with advances, today's practitioners can log onto databases linked to full-text journals and electronic books. Many studies have documented the importance of medical libraries to patient care, and that effect is likely to continue as medical librarians use their expertise to teach information skills and develop the electronic libraries of the future.Medical libraries endure and evolve because they enhance patient care. One study found that 41% of all MEDLINE searches affected diagnoses, tests, and treatments (JAMA. 1993; 269:3124-9). When clinical medical librarians contribute to patient care, they ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByJustification for the LibraryAdoption of Internet technology by UK postgraduate centres: a questionnaire survey 15 May 1998Volume 128, Issue 10Page: 881-882KeywordsDatabasesHealth care qualityHealth information technologyHealth surveysInformation technologyLibrariesPatientsPilot studiesQuestionnairesTelemedicine Issue Published: 15 May 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...