tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Inhaled Fluticasone Propionate in Asthma Results from Topical and Not from Systemic Activity
Authors: MICHAEL LAWRENCE, JAMES WOLFE, D. ROBERT WEBB, PAUL CHERVINSKY, DONALD KELLERMAN, JOHN P. SCHAUMBERG, TUSHAR SHAH
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

The objective of this study was to determine whether the therapeutic benefits of inhaled fluticasone propionate are mediated through topical or systemic effects. Two hundred seventy-four patients with asthma receiving beclomethasone dipropionate or triamcinolone acetonide during a 2-wk, single-blind, run-in period were randomized to inhaled fluticasone propionate powder 100 or 500 μ g twice daily, oral fluticasone propionate 20 mg once daily, or placebo during a 6-wk treatment period. Patients receiving inhaled fluticasone propionate had a significantly greater probability of remaining in the study over time compared with patients receiving oral fluticasone propionate or placebo (p = 0.001). FEV1 and PEF rates at end point were significantly higher with inhaled fluticasone propionate treatment regimens than with oral fluticasone propionate (with the exception of PEF rates for inhaled fluticasone propionate 100 μ g) or placebo treatments (p ⩽ 0.004). Systemic exposure to fluticasone propionate as assessed by trough plasma concentrations and/or 12-hr plasma concentration area under the curve analyses (AUC12) was higher with the oral fluticasone propionate than with the two inhaled fluticasone propionate treatment groups. The results of this study suggest that the therapeutic benefits of inhaled fluticasone propionate are mediated through topical effects in the lungs and not through systemic effects.
Screening for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Michael L. LeFevre
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Update of previous U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations on screening for chlamydia (2007) and gonorrhea (2005).The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infections in asymptomatic patients from studies published since its last reviews. The USPSTF also considered evidence from its previous recommendations and reviews.This recommendation applies to all sexually active adolescents and adults, including pregnant women.The USPSTF recommends screening for chlamydia in sexually active females aged 24 years or younger and in older women who are at increased risk for infection. (B recommendation) The USPSTF recommends screening for gonorrhea in sexually active females aged 24 years or younger and in older women who are at increased risk for infection. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in men. (I statement).
Mortality of Childhood-Onset IDDM Patients: A cohort study in Havana City Province, Cuba
Authors: Fernando Collado-Mesa, Oscar Díaz-Díaz, Ruber Melián-Torres, Rolando Suárez-Pérez, Manuel Vera-González, Deysi Aldana-Padilla
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

To determine the survival pattern and the underlying cause of death in a cohort of childhood-onset IDDm subjects from Havana City Province, Cuba.This was a descriptive study carried out on a historical cohort of IDDM subjects with disease onset before 15 years of age in Havana City Province, Cuba. The cohort was assembled from several sources. Subjects were diagnosed from 1965 to 1980, and their vital status was assessed at 31 December 1991. Cumulative survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and a univariate analysis was performed. To test survival differences between groups, the Cox-Mantel test was used. To compare the cohort mortality with the general population, standardized mortality ratios by sex and age were calculated. Specific causes of death were determined by a committee examining death certificates, clinical records, and necropsy reports.A total of 504 subjects were identified, and the mean follow-up time was 17.5 years. Of the subjects, 70 (13.9%) had died at 31 December 1991. Overall, the cohort had a 71% cumulative survival rate at 25 years of IDDM duration. There were no survival differences according to sex or calendar period of IDDM diagnosis. Statistically significant differences were found among age-at-diagnosis groups. The group with a peripubertal age at diagnosis showed the worst prognosis. The cohort experienced 8.5 times the all-causes death rate, compared with the general population. Renal disease accounted for almost half the deaths.IDDM subjects from Havana City Province, Cuba, showed a better survival pattern than IDDM subjects from other developing countries. However, when compared with IDDM populations from developed countries, there is a survival reserve to be achieved by reducing mortality due to renal disease and infections.
Accumulation of Spock and Worf, Two Novel Non-LTR Retrotransposons, on the Neo-Y Chromosome of Drosophila miranda
Authors: D. Bachtrog
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

Transposable elements constitute a major fraction of eukaryotic genomes. Here, I characterize two novel non-LTR retrotransposons, cloned from the neo-Y chromosome of Drosophila miranda.Worf is 4.1 kb in size and shows homology to the T1-2 non-LTR transposon characterized in Anopheles.Spock is 4.9 kb in size and shows similarity to the Doc element of D. melanogaster. Southern blot analysis of both elements yielded stronger signals for male DNA. In situ hybridization to polytene chromosomes revealed that both elements are accumulating on the neo-Y chromosome of D. miranda. PCR analysis was conducted to investigate the frequency of spock and worf and of the previously identified transposons, TRIM and TRAM, at individual chromosomal sites among 12 strains of D. miranda. Contrary to the observation that element frequencies are usually kept low at individual sites in Drosophila, the four transposons investigated are fixed at their genomic locations on the neo-Y chromosome. These results support the hypothesis that transposons accumulate in nonrecombining regions and may be one cause of the heteromorphism of sex chromosomes.
Deletion of the A gamma-globin gene in G gamma-delta beta-thalassemia.
Authors: S H Orkin, B P Alter, C Altay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

In an individual homozygous for G gamma-delta beta-thalassemia, a physical alteration in gamma-globin gene organization was detected by restriction enzyme mapping. The data indicated that the absence of A gamma-globin chains resulted from extension of the DNA deletion from the delta beta-globin gene region into the gamma-globin gene region rather than a functional disturbance of gamma-gene expression.
Medical Mystery — The Answer
Authors: Ralf Ostermaier, Marianne Taut
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

To the Editor: The medical mystery in the April 7 issue1 involved a radiograph (Figure 1) in a patient who had undergone four lifesaving procedures between 1949 and 2002. The radiograph shows remnants of a therapeutic pneumothorax for pulmonary tuberculosis, a coronary-artery bypass graft, a stent repair of a type B aortic dissection, and a dual-chamber pacemaker for complete atrioventricular block.
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor in rat brain: PAF mobilizes intracellular Ca2+ in hippocampal neurons
Authors: Haruhiko Bito, Motonao Nakamura, Zenichiro Honda, Takashi Izumi, Takeshi Iwatsubo, Yousuke Seyama, Akihiko Ogura, Yoshihisa Kudo, Takao Shimizu
Journal: Neuron (1992)
Primary cutaneous cribriform apocrine carcinoma: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 26 cases of an under-recognized cutaneous adnexal neoplasm
Authors: Arno Rütten, Heinz Kutzner, Thomas Mentzel, Markus Hantschke, Fritof Eckert, Jorge Angulo, Jose Luis Rodríguez Peralto, Luis Requena
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
Supine bicycle versus post–treadmill exercise echocardiography in the detection of myocardial ischemia: a randomized single-blind crossover trial
Authors: Shamim M Badruddin, Anwar Ahmad, Judith Mickelson, John Abukhalil, William L Winters, Sherif F Nagueh, William A Zoghbi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
The Rocking Bed and Head Position
Authors: Thad H. Joos, David G. Dickinson, Norman S. Talner, James L. Wilson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

UNTIL November, 1955, we had been using the rocking bed in the conventional manner as an aid in breathing for the patient with chronic poliomyelitis who was dependent upon a respirator. We had assumed that for maximal effect the head must come below the horizontal position when rocking. During this month, a patient (W.B.) returned for a periodic outpatient checkup and reported that she no longer could "rock" with her head flat. The reason she gave was that she just could not get enough exchange of air in that position and, consequently, was short of breath while attempting to rock. . . .
Polyarthritis in adults with hypogammaglobulinaemia and its rapid response to immunoglobulin treatment.
Authors: A D Webster, G Loewi, R D Dourmashkin, D N Golding, D J Ward, G L Asherson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Five patients with primary hypogammaglobulinaemia developed a severe polyarthritis that had some features in common with rheumatoid arthritis. Their joint disease could be distinguished from rheumatoid arthritis, however, by the dramatic improvement after gammaglobulin treatment. The arthritis of hypogammaglobulinaemia can, therefore, be included among the few potentially curable polyarthritides.
Are the peers peers?
Authors: C. L. Gruder
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —Drs Glantz and Bero 1 concluded that the members of the California Behavioral and Public Health Research on Tobacco Study Section (hereinafter reviewers) who evaluated Glantz's grant application to the Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program (TRDRP) were not his peers in  policy research because a MEDLINE search indexed on the keyword  revealed that they had fewer publications than he did.  To assess the appropriateness of reviewers to evaluate  policy research, it is preferable to use the keywords tobacco policy. We did this MEDLINE search and found that Glantz had one citation, while four reviewers had a total of five. Tobacco policy research was a nascent field in the early 1990s, so the small number of articles is not surprising.  These literature searches extended 1 year beyond the date when reviewers were selected for Glantz's proposal; it is more appropriate to limit searches to the period
TCT-659 Total coronary artery calcification as a predictor of advanced atherosclerotic characteristics: The PROSPECT study
Authors: Takehisa Shimizu, Christian W. Hamm, Alexandra Lansky, Amir Lerman, Akiko Maehara, Gary S. Mintz, Patrick W. Serruys, Gregg Stone, Rui C. Teles, Barry Templin, Giora Weisz, Ke Xu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Small intestinal transit in diabetics.
Authors: J H Scarpello, M Greaves, G E Sladen
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Small intestinal transit was assessed in diabetic patients and healthy controls by measuring the breath hydrogen appearance time after the ingestion of lactulose. Transit in diabetics with autonomic neuropathy was significantly slower than in diabetics without neuropathy and controls. Delayed transit is probably due to vagal denervation. These slower transit times would allow bacteria to proliferate, which might explain why some diabetics have diarrhoea. The test cannot be used in patients with bacteria in the small bowel because these may metabolise lactulose and release hydrogen prematurely.
INTERMEDIATE-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS AND PROGRESSION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIC MEN
Authors: RonaldM. Krauss, PaulT. Williams, John Brensike, KatherineM. Detre, FrankT. Lindgren, SherylF. Kelsey, Karen Vranizan, RobertI. Levy
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
GPs earn less from QOF points as thresholds for some indicators rise
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

General practices in England scored significantly lower in the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) in 2013-14, reflecting tougher achievement thresholds and, perhaps, a growing fatigue with this particular incentive scheme.

The framework sets a series of targets for general practice, which if achieved each earns points that count towards the practice’s income. QOF’s aim was to improve the quality of general practice by rewarding GPs for delivering services according to an agreed checklist. In 2012-13 practices achieved 96.7% of the maximum possible points, but this fell in 2013-14 to 92.4%, show figures published by the Health and Social Care Information Centre.1

The number of practices that maximised their income by achieving 100% …
Role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Nathalie Dhédin, Anne Huynh, Sébastien Maury, Reza Tabrizi, Kheira Beldjord, Vahid Asnafi, Xavier Thomas, Patrice Chevallier, Stéphanie Nguyen, Valérie Coiteux, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Yosr Hichri, Martine Escoffre-Barbe, Oumedaly Reman, Carlos Graux, Yves Chalandon, Didier Blaise, Urs Schanz, Véronique Lhéritier, Jean-Yves Cahn, Hervé Dombret, Norbert Ifrah
Journal: Blood (2015)
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Presenting as Hyperventilation Syndrome
Authors: MORTON S. SKORODIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1986Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Presenting as Hyperventilation SyndromeMORTON S. SKORODIN, M.D.MORTON S. SKORODIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-4-632_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Carbon monoxide poisoning remains a serious problem, accounting for 3500 reported deaths per year in the United States (1). It will remain a problem as long as people attempt to lower their home heating expenses with insulation and the damping of furnace flues. We report a case of carbon monoxide poisoning that presented as hyperventilation syndrome (respiratory alkalosis).An elderly, nonsmoking woman complained of weakness, shortness of breath, vomiting, and diarrrhea of several days' duration. She had been taking diuretics and a beta-blocker for treatment of hypertension. Postural hypotension was noted. Routine laboratory tests were normal; the...References1. FRIEDMAN P. Poisoning and its managements. In: PETERSDORF RG, ADAMS RD, BRAUNWALD E, ISSELBACHER KJ, MARTIN JB, WILSON JD, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.; 1983:1265. Google Scholar2. CHIODI H, DILL D, CONSOLAZIO F, and HORVATH J. Respiratory and circulatory responses to acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Am J Physiol. 1941;134:683-93. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. DOUGLAS C, HALDANE J, and HALDANE J. The laws of combination of hemoglobin with CO and O2. J Physiol (Lond). 1912;44:275-304. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BOHR C, HASSELBALCH K, and KROGH A. Ueber einen in biologischer Beziehung wichtigen Einfluss, den die Kohlensaurespannung des Blutes auf dessen Sauerstoffbindung übt. Scand Arch Physiol. 1904;16:402-12. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. SMITH J and BRANDON S. Morbidity from acute carbon monoxide poisoning at three-year follow-up. Br Med J. 1973;1:318-321. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MORTON S. SKORODIN, M.D.Affiliations: Veterans Administration Hospital Hines, IL 60141 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDiagnostic pitfall: carbon monoxide poisoning mimicking hyperventilation syndromePsychiatric issues in pulmonary disease 1 October 1986Volume 105, Issue 4Page: 632-632KeywordsCarbon monoxideDiureticsDyspneaElderlyHypertensionHypotensionLaboratory testsVomiting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Nervous Disorders and Malnutrition
Authors: S. J. Gross
Journal: BMJ (1948)

of G.D.O.s to the Services.The Medical Women's Federation wishes again to express its opinion that the newly qualified women doctors ought to take their share of the burden, and that they would provide a not inconsiderable contribution to the requirement.It is understood that a recommendation on these lines has been made by the Services Committee of the Central Medical War Committee to the Medical Priority Committee.This would involve legislation to render women doctors liable to National Service, but the principle at stake is so important and the immediate need so urgent that the Federation does not feel that this is an insuperable difficulty.
Community-Based Provision of Statin and Aspirin After the Detection of Coronary Artery Calcium Within a Community-Based Screening Cohort
Authors: Allen J. Taylor, Jody Bindeman, Irwin Feuerstein, Toan Le, Kelly Bauer, Carole Byrd, Holly Wu, Patrick G. O’Malley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
P736 SCREENING FOR HEPATITIS C AND COMPARISON OF DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS AND RESPONSE TO TREATMENT WITH NON-SCREENED PATIENTS
Authors: M. Sharma, S.A. Kaabi, N.A. Dweik, A.K. John, H. Wani, M.A. Mohannadi, M.F. Derbala, R. Yacoub, R.B. Thandassary, F. Pasic, M.E. Bedawi, M.T. Butt, R. Singh
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Effect of nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy on hepatocarcinogenesis in chronic hepatitis B patients: A propensity score analysis
Authors: Takashi Kumada, Hidenori Toyoda, Toshifumi Tada, Seiki Kiriyama, Makoto Tanikawa, Yasuhiro Hisanaga, Akira Kanamori, Takurou Niinomi, Satoshi Yasuda, Yusuke Andou, Kenta Yamamoto, Junko Tanaka
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Official Autopsy Report on President Kennedy
Authors: Thomas H. McConnell
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dilemmas in Potassium Therapy
Authors: HOWARD B. BURCHELL
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Dilemmas in Potassium TherapyT O BE PROVOCATIVE and to draw attention to the problem rather than resolve it, I suggest semifacetiously that a debate might be staged with the title: Resolved: That more lives have been lost than saved by potassium therapy in the past year in American hospitals.That potassium depletion is a frequent and sometimes serious problem in contem-
Indonesian doctors are told to prescribe generics to reduce health costs
Authors: B. Bland
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Government doctors in Indonesia will soon be required to prescribe generic drugs where possible in a bid to drive down the spiralling costs of providing health care in the world’s fourth most populous nation.

Officials from the health ministry said that doctors working in state hospitals and clinics would be able to prescribe more expensive branded drugs only if no generic equivalents were available.

Although a decree requiring doctors to use generic drugs was implemented in 1989 it …
Local PUVA treatment for nail psoriasis
Authors: S.E. Handfield-Jones, J. Boyle, R.M. Harman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Local PUVA treatment for nail psoriasis Get access S.E. Handfield‐Jones, S.E. Handfield‐Jones Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Boyle, J. Boyle Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.M. Harman R.M. Harman Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 116, Issue 2, 1 February 1987, Pages 280–281, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05834.x Published: 01 February 1987
Dose related effects of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide on airway calibre and reactivity in subjects with asthma.
Authors: J Britton, S P Hanley, H V Garrett, J W Hadfield, A E Tattersfield
Journal: Thorax (1988)

The relationship between change in airway calibre and change in airway reactivity after administration of bronchodilator drugs has been investigated by comparing the effect of increasing doses of inhaled salbutamol and ipratropium bromide on the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), specific airways conductance (sGaw), and the dose of histamine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PD20) in six subjects with mild asthma. On each of 10 occasions measurements were made of baseline FEV1, sGaw, and PD20 after 15 minutes9 rest, and followed one hour later, when the FEV1 had returned to baseline, by a single nebulised dose of salbutamol (placebo, 5, 30, 200 and 1000 micrograms) or ipratropium (placebo, 5, 30, 200 and 1000 micrograms) given in random order. Measurements of FEV1, sGaw, and PD20 were repeated 15 minutes after salbutamol and 40 minutes after ipratropium. Salbutamol and ipratropium caused a similar dose related increase in FEV1 and sGaw, with a mean increase after the highest doses of 0.76 and 0.69 litres for FEV1 and 1.15 and 0.96 s-1 kPa-1 for sGaw. Salbutamol also caused a dose related increase in PD20 to a maximum of 2.87 (95% confidence interval 2.18-3.55) doubling doses of histamine after the 1000 micrograms dose, but ipratropium bromide caused no significant change in PD20 (maximum increase 0.24 doubling doses, 95% confidence interval -0.73 to 1.22). Thus bronchodilatation after salbutamol was associated with a significantly greater change in airway reactivity than a similar amount of bronchodilatation after ipratropium bromide. This study shows that the relation between change in airway reactivity and bronchodilatation is different for two drugs with different mechanisms of action, suggesting that change in airway calibre is not a major determinant of change in airway reactivity with bronchodilator drugs.
A Lifeline for Primary Care
Authors: Thomas Bodenheimer, Kevin Grumbach, Robert A. Berenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Primary care in the United States needs a lifeline. In 2009, for the 12th straight year, the number of graduating U.S. medical students choosing primary care residencies reached dismally low levels.1 Overloaded primary care practices, whose doctors are aptly compared to hamsters on a treadmill, struggle to provide prompt access and high-quality care. Three major factors contribute to this crisis. First, primary care physicians earn far lower incomes than procedural specialists, reducing career attractiveness for medical students with high debt burdens. Second, the work-related stresses felt by primary care physicians tags primary care as the career with more work at . . .