tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A1.5 Exploring the Role of the Lymph Node Microenvironment in Health and Disease
Authors: J Hähnlein, TH Ramwadhdoebe, KI Maijer, YK Choi, NAM Smits, M Maas, DM Gerlag, PP Tak, LGM van Baarsen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objective</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology. Changes in the lymph nodes could precede those in the synovial joints. Recent studies reported the importance of lymph node stromal cells (LNSCs) in lymphoid homeostasis, peripheral tolerance and the adaptive immune response. Therefore, we characterised the functional capacities of LNSCs in human lymph nodes during health and different phases of RA. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Individuals with arthralgia but without any evidence of arthritis upon physical examination who were positive for IgM rheumatoid factor and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies were included (n = 12; RA risk group). In addition, we included patients with early arthritis (disease duration &lt;1 year; n = 6), RA (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 8). All study subjects underwent ultrasound-guided inguinal lymph node biopsy. LNSCs were isolated and cultured from freshly collected lymph node needle biopsies. LNSCs originating from different culture passages were studied to investigate the effects of in vitro culture on the expression level of stromal cell associated genes, including VCAM-1, ColIVa and IL-6. In addition, we analysed the expression of Deaf1 and Aire, transcriptional regulators involved in peripheral tolerance. Functional capacities of LNSCs were studied by analysing STAT-1 and MxA mRNA induction and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production after TLR-3 triggering by PolyI:C. <h3>Results</h3> Cells with a fibroblast-like morphology started to grow out from the stromal part of lymph node biopsies within a few weeks of culture. Passage 0 consisted of a mixture of adherent cells, resulting in a lower expression of the measured stromal genes. From passage 1 gene expression levels for VCAM-1, ColIVa and IL-6 increased and stabilised. All LNSCs cell lines expressed Deaf1 while the expression of Aire was only detected at very low levels. LNSCs were sensitive for TLR-3 ligation by PolyI:C resulting in upregulated STAT-1 and MxA, downregulated Deaf1 and high levels of IL-6 and IL-8. Chemokines CCL19 and CCL20 were only expressed after stimulation with PolyI:C. There was a high variability between donors and interim analysis showed no clear differences between LNSCs cultured from healthy individuals, RA risk or RA patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We developed a culture system for human LNSCs to facilitate research on the role of the lymph node microenvironment in the pathogenesis of RA. Cultured human LNSCs express typical stromal cell markers and are responsive for TLR-3 triggering. Interestingly, the LNSCs express the transcriptional regulator Deaf1 which may indicate peripheral tissue antigen expression by LNSCs.
Symptomatic hypomagnesaemia after parathyroidectomy.
Authors: C T Jones, R A Sellwood, J M Evanson
Journal: BMJ (1973)

were receiving 14 tablets of Slow Sodium (140 mEq sodium) per dialysis.As no alteration in mean blood pressure or body weight was detected it is concluded that Slow Sodium is a useful drug in the prophylaxis of muscle cramps in patients on maintenance haemodialysis for end-stage renal failure.We wish to thank Mrs. Susan Standen for statistical advice, Ciba pharmaceutical company for the supply of tablets, and the nursing staff of the medical renal unit for their help.
Abstract 178: <i>RASSF10</i> is frequently methylated in epithelial cancers
Authors: Victoria Hill, Dietmar Krex, Ivan Bieche, John Minna, Dion Morton, Msahiro Yao, Eammon R. Maher, Farida Latif
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The classical Ras-association domain family (RASSF1-6) are a group of Ras effector molecules that contain a C-terminal Ras-association (RA) domain of the RalGDS/AF-6 variety and a protein interaction domain known as the Sav/RASSF/Hippo (SARAH) domain. Several members of the classical RASSF family are involved in tumorigenesis since epigenetic inactivation of many isoforms is a frequent event across many tumor types and their functions are consistent with roles as tumor suppressor proteins. Recently several additional RA-domain containing family members have been identified and designated N-terminal RASSF proteins (RASSF7-10). These comprise RASSF7 (also known as HRC1 located 11p15.5), RASSF8 (also known as HOJ-1 or C12ORF2 located 12p12.1), RASSF9 (also known as P-CIP1 or PAMCI located 12q21.31) and RASSF10 (located 11p15.2). These proteins are divergent and structurally distinct from RASSF1-6, containing an RA domain within their extreme N-termini and lacking the SARAH protein interaction domain. Little is known about the N-terminal RASSF7-10 proteins although they represent an evolutionarily conserved group of proteins with orthologues of all four in the lower vertebrate Xenopus laevis and a RASSF7/8 homologue in Drosophila melanogaster distinct from the RASSF1-6 Drosophila homologue. We have recently characterized the N-terminal RASSF10 gene and demonstrated frequent methylation of the associated 5’ CpG island in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In this report we analysed the methylation status of the CpG island in a range of common epithelial cancers. RASSF10 was frequently methylated in grade II-IV gliomas (grade II, 50%; grade III, 80%, grade IV 57%) but was unmethylated in grade I astrocytomas and in DNA from age matched control brain samples. In other common epithelial cancers RASSF10 was also methylated but at a lesser frequency compared to grade II-IV gliomas. RASSF10 was methylated in 25% breast tumors, 31% of colorectal cancers, 20% lung tumors and 28% of renal cell carcinomas. RASSF10 was unmethylated in DNA from corresponding normal tissues or control tissue samples. This work demonstrates that RASSF10 is a frequent target of epigenetic inactivation in a range of epithelial cancers as well as haematological cancers. We are now undertaking biological characterization of this novel protein. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 178.
Chemotherapeutic Goals in Acute Leukemia
Authors: James F. Holland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Acute lymphocytic leukemia of childhood has, in its responsiveness to drugs, served as a model system wherein certain principles of cancer chemotherapy have been established. Studies have been made during florid disease, and during complete remission when the leukemia is below the threshold of reliable clinical detection. Different drugs, singly or in combination, and different schedules of treatment have been found in controlled clinical trials to have distinctive effects during these two stages of leukemia. Induction treatments, maintenance treatments, inducer dosing during maintenance and reinduction treatments for the subsequent relapses have all been evaluated. Methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine in optimal schedules . . .
Evaluating Patients With Chronic Pain After Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Loretta S. Loftus, Christine Laronga
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carcinoma of Large Bowel in the Young
Authors: A. van Langenberg, G. B. Ong
Journal: BMJ (1972)

The incidence of large-bowel carcinoma in young people seems to be increasing. Twenty-one cases occurring between the ages of 13 and 25 are reviewed. Most cases were found to be in an advanced state of the disease. High grade malignant growths were found to be twice as common in the young as in adults. The mode of presentation is no different from that in adults and a plea is made for improving results of treatment by earlier diagnosis, which can be established by an increased awareness of the disease in children and young adults.
The Banquet to Dr. N. S. Davis.
Authors: T. D. Crothers
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Hartford, Conn., Oct. 12, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The testimonial banquet to Dr. Davis, so warm and appreciative in its recognition of his great service to medicine, and to medical men, failed to note the real monument which he has been building for the future. The recent great advances of science have pointed out the wisdom and prescience of the persistent and insistent efforts of Dr. Davis to make known the dangers from the use of alcohol. For nearly half a century from laboratory and clinical experience he has called attention to the errors and delusions which have invested the alcoholic problem. Dr. Rush, the great physician of the last century, is more often quoted to-day and is more vividly remembered for his statements of the nature of alcohol and the diseases which follow than for any other work he did. Condelac, a noted French philosopher of the eighteenth century,
Doctors told to collaborate with community pharmacists to improve pain management
Authors: G. Watts
Journal: BMJ (2012)

GP surgeries should work with community pharmacists to provide better pain management for their patients because it could cut GP workload, take pressure off hospital services, and reduce the financial burden on the UK economy, a report says.

The report, published by the UCL School of Pharmacy and the UK Clinical Pharmacy Association, points out that a fifth of the UK population lives with substantial pain and, at any one time, a million people have a persistent problem that could be better treated and might even have been prevented.

Relieving Persistent Pain, Improving Health Outcomes puts the cost of inadequately controlled pain to British society at …
Effect of acute cardiac tamponade on left ventricular pressure-volume relations in anaesthetised dogs
Authors: W. E Johnston, J. Vinten-Johansen, H S. Klopfenstein, W. P Santamore, W. C Little
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Study objective – The aim was to determine whether depressed myocardial contractility is responsible for the decline in stroke volume that occurs with cardiac tamponade. Design – Left ventricular contractile performance was assessed before and after β adrenergic blockade using the end systolic pressure-volume relation, the left ventricular dP/dtmax-end diastolic volume relation, and the left ventricular stroke work-end diastolic volume relation during acute cardiac tamponade in dogs. Experimental material — In eight pentobarbitone anaesthetised dogs (15.7-24.8 kg), transducer tipped and volume impedance catheters were positioned in the left ventricle. Through a median sternotomy incision, a pericardial catheter was inserted to produce varying stages of cardiac tamponade. By the use of transient bicaval occlusions, variably loaded pressure-volume loops were recorded. Measurements and results – Incremental tamponade reduced mean arterial pressure from 105(SEM 3) to 89(2) mm Hg (mild tamponade), 75(2) mm Hg (moderate tamponade), and 59(10) mm Hg (severe tamponade). The slope of the end systolic pressurevolume relation was 6.3(1.2) mm Hg·ml−1 at baseline and increased slightly to 7.7(1.8), 8.5(1.3), and 9.2(1.5) mm Hg·ml−1 with the progressive levels of tamponade (NS). The role of autonomic reflexes was assessed by repeating the tamponade sequence after β adrenergic blockade with 10 mg of metoprolol intravenously. The slope of the end systolic pressure- volume relation was reduced by metoprolol, at 4.9(1.0) mm Hg·ml−1 (p<0.0l), but was not significantly altered by the sequence of tamponade following β blockade [5.6(0.9), 6.0(1.0), and 5.5(7.0) mm Hg·ml−1, respectively (NS)]. Neither were changes found indicative of depressed contractile function with progressive tamponade in the slopes of the left ventricular dP/dtmax-end diastolic volume and stroke work-end diastolic volume relations. Conclusions – Left ventricular contractility was not altered during acute cardiac tamponade in an anaesthetised, closed chest canine model. Depressed left ventricular contractile function was not responsible for the observed haemodynamic deterioration.
A Further Experience in the Etiology and Treatment of Encephalitis
Authors: S. R. SALZMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

Article1 April 1929A Further Experience in the Etiology and Treatment of EncephalitisS. R. SALZMAN, M.D.S. R. SALZMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-10-1076 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAt this time, when another epidemic of influenza is spreading throughout the country, we may expect again the recurrence of some cases of encephalitis of the so-called epidemic type.Because of the high mortality and still higher morbidity and the marked economic loss following this disease, everything which may hold out any hope in the treatment of this disease deserves consideration by the medical profession.This is my excuse for again calling attention to the probable association between gall-bladder disease, or more particularly, gallbladder toxemia, and this type of encephalitis.Previously I reported (Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, Nov., 1925... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Toledo, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1929Volume 2, Issue 10Page: 1076-1080KeywordsArchivesEncephalitisEtiologyGallbladderMorbidityMortalityNeurology Issue Published: 1 April 1929 PDF downloadLoading ...
New Drugs: Anti-infectives
Authors: R. Finch
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Other infectionsSecondary syphilis.Infectious mononucleosis-As well as the erythematous lesions on the palate a maculopapular rash affecting the face and limbs can occur.Cat scratch disease-A crusted nodule at the site ofthe scratch is associated with development ofregional lymphadenopathy one to two months later.A maculopapular eruption on the face and limbs or erythema multiforme may occur.Psittacosis and ornithosis may be associated with a rash.RickettsialInfections, including typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fewer, and Rickettsial pox are all associated with rashes.Syphilis-_Although not a viral infection, the transient roseolar rash of secondary syphilis is followed by a papulosquamous eruption, which affects the trunk, limbs, and mucous membranes.The palms and soles may be affected.The diagnosis should always be considered in any rash that does not fit a recognised pattern.
Extraction and Quantitative Characteristics of Actomyosin in Canine Heart Muscle
Authors: ELLIS S. BENSON, BEN E. HALLAWAY, ESTHER FAY FREIER
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

The conditions for quantitative extraction of actomyosin from dog heart ventricular muscle were studied. By use of appropriate techniques and conditions, yields of actomyosin comparable to those found by others for a variety of muscles were obtained. The method used could be standardized to give reproducible values with both fresh and frozen muscle. Actomyosin so obtained retained its characteristic properties as evidenced by its viscosity response to ATP and its enzymatic activity.
THE PURIFICATION OF HYPERTENSIN I
Authors: Leonard T. Skeggs, Walton H. Marsh, Joseph R. Kahn, Norman P. Shumway
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1954)

The purification of hypertensin I has been described. The final product which is four times as powerful a pressor agent as l-arterenol, is obtained with an over-all recovery of 40 per cent. The product consists of a single component in countercurrent distribution, having a nitrogen content of 15.97 per cent and a specific activity of 7050 Goldblatt units per mg. of N or 1125 units per mg. of solid. Acid hydrolysis and paper chromatography indicate in a preliminary fashion that there are about nine amino acids present in the intact polypeptide.
EUS-guided rendezvous technique for difficult cannulation of an intradiverticular papilla
Authors: B. Mangiavillano, P. Arcidiacono, S. Carrara, E. Masci, P. Testoni
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

The intradiverticular papilla is a quite frequent finding, encountered in 5–23 % of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures [1]. When present, it can make cannulation of the common bile duct difficult, especially if the papilla is located deep in the diverticulum [2]. A 69-year-old woman was referred to our center for a second attempt at performance of ERCP after an earlier failure caused by a big duodenal diverticulum with a deeply located papilla. The patient had a diagnosis of intrahepatic abscess between hepatic segments VII and VIII, which had been unsuccessfully treated by antibiotic therapy and percutaneous drainage. With the patient under deep sedation (propofol) we tried to cannulate the papilla, but our attempt too was unsuccessful. An endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided rendezvous drainage of the bile duct was performed (FG 36UX echoendoscope; Pentax GmbH, Hamburg, Germany), puncturing the common bile duct with a 22G needle (EUSN 1; Wilson–Cook, Winston Salem, NC, USA) ([Fig. 1]). A 0.018-inch guide wire (Pathfinder; Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA) was passed through the needle until it reached the duodenum ([Fig. 2]). Using a duodenoscope (ED 3480TK; Pentax), the wire was captured with a snare ([Fig. 3]) and a 2-mm sphincterotome was placed over the wire ([Fig. 4]). After sphincterotomy a 7-Fr pigtail nasobiliary drain was placed for drainage of the bile ducts.
THE DETERMINATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CARBOHYDRATES IN THE URINE.Read before the Section on Practice of Medicine at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: CHARLES W. PURDY
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Carbohydrates are so called because they are compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; the last two elements being present in the proportion in which they occur in water. The carbohydrates met with in the urine are chiefly glucose, levulose, lactose and inosite. They resemble one another in their chemical composition, in all containing six atoms of carbon or a multiple thereof. They also resemble one another in their chemical characteristics; being neutral in reaction, not prone to enter into combinations, and with the exception of inosite, they all possess a strong rotary power over polarized light. The chief clinical interest with regard to the presence of carbo-hydrates in the urine at present belongs to grape sugar; some knowledge of the other carbohydrates met with in the urine is necessary for differential purposes in testing; as well in a few cases for their clinical significance, but since the latter are for
Soluble ST2 as a prognostic marker in community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Masato Watanabe, Hajime Takizawa, Masaki Tamura, Akira Nakajima, Daisuke Kurai, Haruyuki Ishii, Saori Takata, Keitaro Nakamoto, Erei Sohara, Koujirou Honda, Masuo Nakamura, Toshiya Inui, Hiroo Wada, Hajime Goto
Journal: Journal of Infection (2015)
HEART DISEASE FORTY YEARS AGO AND NOW
Authors: Paul D. White
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Despite the disturbed state of the world at present and the increase in the prevalence of heart disease, physicians and patients can look back over the last 40 years with much satisfaction; what is more important, we can look forward to the next 40 years with hope and confidence. The state of the world is not so bad as it is painted. Newspapers are filled with gloomy headlines, and it has become almost a fad to publicize the distressing events in current history and to foster fear and pessimism about the world of tomorrow. Even in medicine there is an overemphasis on the alarm reaction and the effect of the unhappy emotions on body, mind, and soul. Worse events than present ones were taking place a generation ago in many different parts of the world, but the press was less avid then. There was no radio, communications were slow, and
Abstract 4517: Evaluation of the TOR kinase inhibitor CC214-2 in a mouse model of hormone-refractory prostate cancer
Authors: Wenqing Yang, Jing Jiu, Rama Krishna Narla, Heather K. Raymon
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancy diagnosed in men. Although androgen deprivation therapy is effective at the beginning of treatment, the majority of patients eventually progress to hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC), which leads to a poor outcome. HRPC mouse models have been developed to study transition from hormone dependent (HD) to hormone refractory (HR) disease; however, the exact mechanism behind this phenotypic conversion remains unclear. By using serial in vivo transplantation of LNCap xenograft tumors in castrated male SCID mice, we developed, validated and characterized a mouse model of HRPC, HR-LNCap. In vivo passaged tumor fragments form solid tumors in castrated male SCID mice. By comparison, HR-LNCap tumors grow more aggressively than parental LNCap tumors in SCID mice. A tumor cell line established from HR-LNCap xenograft tumors was able to grow in charcoal stripped serum containing medium, indicating it is androgen independent. HR-LNCap tumors lost sensitivity to androgen receptor antagonist bicalutamide, but remained sensitive to MDV-3100, a second generation AR antagonist approved for treating HRPC. Characterization of this model revealed that HR-LNCap tumors had unique AR signaling pathway profiles, including elevated AR expression and decreased expression of the AR-regulated genes, prostate specific antigen (PSA) and FKBP5, when compared with parental LNCap tumors. RNA sequencing was performed on HR-LNCap tumors to determine expression signature of the model. Interestingly, additional pathway analysis showed that HR-LNCap tumors have significantly higher levels of pAKT in comparison with parental LNCap tumors, indicating activation of AKT/mTOR pathway. Treatment of HR-LNCap tumor bearing mice with a small molecule TOR kinase inhibitor CC214-2 showed significant tumor growth inhibition. Further analysis demonstrated that treatment with CC214-2 inhibited TORC1 and TORC2 pathway markers, pAKT, pS6 and p4EBP1, in HR-LNCap tumors. Taken together, this study describes a mouse model of HRPC with a unique molecular profile, which can be used to evaluate novel therapeutics against HRPC. Citation Format: Wenqing Yang, Jing Jiu, Rama Krishna Narla, Heather K. Raymon. Evaluation of the TOR kinase inhibitor CC214-2 in a mouse model of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4517. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4517