tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Proliferation of Immature Tumor Vessels Is a Novel Marker of Clinical Progression in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Karsten Gravdal, Ole J. Halvorsen, Svein A. Haukaas, Lars A. Akslen
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Nestin (neuroepithelial stem cell protein) is expressed in immature endothelial cells, and we here introduce coexpression of Nestin and Ki-67 as a novel angiogenesis marker on tissue sections. Including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression, we studied relation to disease progression in prostate cancer. Different patient series were included. Sections from 104 radical prostatectomies with long follow-up, 33 castration-resistant prostate cancers, 28 nonskeletal metastases, 13 skeletal metastases, and 41 benign prostatic hyperplasias were immunostained for Nestin/Ki-67, VEGF-A, and HIF-1α. Vascular proliferation by Nestin/Ki-67–positive vessels was counted within “hotspot” areas. Median vascular proliferation counts were 4- to 5-fold higher in castration-resistant prostate cancers and metastases versus localized cancers and prostatic hyperplasias (P &amp;lt; 0.0005). Among localized cancers, high vascular proliferation was significantly related to adverse clinicopathologic features and was a strong and independent predictor of biochemical failure (P &amp;lt; 0.005), clinical recurrence (P = 0.005), and skeletal metastasis (P = 0.025) in multivariate analysis. Castration-resistant cancers were characterized by reduced VEGF-A and increased HIF-1α expression, and vascular proliferation was associated with reduced patient survival in this group. Thus, vascular proliferation was of independent prognostic importance among prostate cancers. When compared with localized cancers, vascular proliferation was significantly increased in castration-resistant cases and metastatic lesions. The castration-resistant tumors exhibited weak VEGF-A but strong HIF-1α expression. These novel data might have an effect on clinical evaluation and treatment of prostate cancer patients. [Cancer Res 2009;69(11):4708–15]
Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Large Industrial Population
Authors: Sidney Pell
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Some clinical and epidemiologic aspects of myocardial infarction were examined in 1,356 employed patients from 25 to 64 years of age. Among salaried employees, the risk of infarction appeared to be inversely related to job level. The chances of developing an attack were increased during the waking hours and among persons with hypertension, diabetes, and certain electrocardiographic abnormalities. Overweight increased the risk of infarction among men under 45 years, but not in older persons. The case fatality rate in the entire series was 30%hyper-rate was significantly elevated among older hypertensives, when the attack occurred at night, and among patients with preexisting bundle-branch block or premature ventricular contractions. The immediate prognosis was not affected by overweight or physical activity at the time of the attack, but was more favorable when the attack occurred at work.
Systemic lupus erythematosus syndrome induced by pindolol.
Authors: J Bensaid, J C Aldigier, N Gualde
Journal: BMJ (1979)

imunlgia studyhou at thaten tim showed a95 poesitiv xrayesponseofa thebasi transformation of lymphocytes in the presence of pindolol. CommentThis case may be considered as one..of drug-induced SLE-like syndrome.After the withdrawal of the suspected drug the clinical
Persuasive fiction, ponderous facts
Authors: J. Collier
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Medicine is full of bizarre, not to say perverse, relationships. The hierarchical structure of clinical firms in hospitals is notorious. How is it possible that in a caring profession the care of our own young is so poor? We have known for years that many junior doctors consider leaving the profession, that demeaning jibes by consultants are commonplace, and that many junior doctors are demoralised but are too frightened to speak out for fear of putting their careers in jeopardy. More bizarre perhaps is the relationship between doctors and patients. Again, how can it be that we have got ourselves into a position in which patients so often …
Management of Septic Shock
Authors: Richard M. Reich
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by William Schumer, MD (242:1906, 1979), on the management of septic shock makes several dubious statements and recommendations. The statement, "If... [the septic shock is due to a] pneumonitis, which is caused by Gram-positive bacteria, then a penicillin, a cephalosporin, or an aminoglycoside can be used," is rather ambiguous. The placing of the comma after pneumonitis wrongly implies that all pneumonias are caused by Gram-positive bacteria or, indeed, that all pneumonias are infectious in nature. Moreover, the recommendation that aminoglycosides can be used as single-agent therapy for Grampositive infections cannot be condoned; their high toxic to therapeutic ratio compared with other antimicrobial agents and clinical failure against infections with<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>and<i>S pyogenes</i>(despite in vitro sensitivity) are well known.<sup>1</sup>Initial treatment of bacterial pneumonia should be based on examination of a Gram-stained smear of sputum. The dosage of 9 mg/kg/day of gentamicin
LETTER FROM EUROPE.Major Girard, Surgeon U. S. Army, to Professor Senn.
Authors: A. Girard
Journal: JAMA (1894)

<h3>No. I.</h3> WÜRZBURG—JULIUS HOSPITAL—PROF. SCHÖNBORN—DR. HOFFA. WURZBURG, Feb. 13, 1894. <h3>Dear Dr. Senn:</h3> —On my arrival in Würzburg I proceeded to the Julius Hospital, where thirty-two years ago I had attended the clinics, and was greatly surprised and pleased that, instead of being directed to the old amphitheater in the main building, I was informed that a new operating room with attendant offices had been constructed in the second court and occupied since 1889. I repaired thither and presented myself to Professor Schönborn, the distinguished operator of this University. I met with the cordial reception usually bestowed upon Americans, especially when provided with an introduction from you. It being the hour for the clinical instruction we proceeded through a large anteroom paved with marble terrazo to the amphitheater. This room has accommodations for about 200 students; the framework of the seats being of iron, the walls of cement, the floor
How Do Viruses Cause Different Diseases?
Authors: Bernard N. Fields
Journal: JAMA (1983)

VIRUSES are capable of causing a wide variety of clinical illnesses.<sup>1</sup>Such illnesses vary from asymptomatic or mild infections, such as the common cold, to rapidly progressive fatal infections, such as rabies or herpes encephalitis. In addition to differing in the severity of illness, different viruses are associated with highly distinct patterns of illness. For example, the most common of all clinical illnesses are associated with infections of surface epithelial cells, either the respiratory epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree (as best illustrated by influenza) or gastrointestinal (GI) tract absorptive cells (as seen in the diarrheal illnesses caused by the human rotaviruses).<sup>2</sup>In both of these instances, the infection is usually limited to epithelial cells directly in contact with the primary portal of entry, the nose or the mouth. A second general pattern of infection is illustrated by a wide variety of viruses that, after entering through a primary
Double-blind randomised controlled trial of folate treatment before conception to prevent recurrence of neural-tube defects.
Authors: K M Laurence, N James, M H Miller, G B Tennant, H Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A randomized controlled double-blind trial was undertaken in south Wales to prevent the recurrence of neural-tube defects in women who had had one child with a neural-tube defect. Sixty women were allocated before conception to take 4 mg of folic acid a day before and during early pregnancy and 44 complied with these instructions. Fifty-one women were allocated to placebo treatment. There were no recurrences among the compliant mothers but two among the non-compliers and four among the women in the placebo group. Thus there were no recurrences among those who received supplementation and six among those who did not; this difference is significant (p = 0.04). It is concluded that folic acid supplementation might be a cheap, safe, and effective method of primary prevention of neural-tube defects but that this must be confirmed in a large, multicentre trial.
Overestimation of cost savings: in prevention of osteoporosis
Authors: F French, D Torgerson, R W Porter
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Harrison differentiate between somatoform pain disorder and the simple adoption of the sick role by those who are aware that it may be to their advantage to complain?Finally, a plaintiffs failure to return to work after the settlement of litigation does not neces- sarily mean that he or she is psychologically sick.It may merely mean that, with the present level of unemployment and the difference between invalidity benefit and unemployment benefit, the incentive to return to work is low.All that the person has to do is to go on complaining: with the support of a psychiatrist who diagnoses somato- form pain disorder, the prospects for the future are rosy.
Laser ablation of human atherosclerotic plaque without adjacent tissue injury
Authors: Warren S. Grundfest, Frank Litvack, James S. Forrester, Tsvi Goldenberg, H.J.C. Swan, Leon Morgenstern, Michael Fishbein, I. Stuart McDermid, David M. Rider, Thomas J. Pacala, James B. Laudenslager
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1985)
Letter: Screening of the newborn for duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Authors: H Zellweger, V Ionasescu, J Simpson, M Waziri, A Antinik
Journal: BMJ (1975)

discontinuation of the therapy and the pat- ient with intractable diarrhoea relapsed while on therapy and died.No response was observed in the patient with acute myeloblastic leukaemia after two months of continuous therapy.No adverse or side effects were noted.On the basis of this limited experience we believe that loperamide is a valuable adjunct to the management of life-threatening diarr- hoea of varying aetiology and that further studies are warranted in larger series of pat- ients.-Weare, etc.,
Heterogeneity and hypothesis testing in neuropsychiatric illness
Authors: Curtis K. Deutsch, Wesley W. Ludwig, William J. McIlvane
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract The confounding effects of heterogeneity in biological psychiatry and psychiatric genetics have been widely discussed in the literature. We suggest an approach in which heterogeneity may be put to use in hypothesis testing, and may find application in evaluation of the Crespi &amp; Badcock (C&amp;B) imprinting hypothesis. Here we consider three potential sources of etiologic subtypes for analysis.
End-Stage Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: James A Brown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Figure 1. A 45-year-old man with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease presented to the urology clinic for consideration of bilateral nephrectomy as treatment for severe abdominal pain and distention. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen (Panel A) demonstrated profound enlargement and complete replacement of the liver (top arrow) and kidneys (lower arrows) by cysts. A bilateral nephrectomy was performed (Panel B), with removal of a left kidney measuring 29 cm by 20 cm by 14 cm (weight, 3100 g) and a right kidney measuring 28 cm by 14 cm by 11 cm (weight, 1600 g). The kidneys contained cysts as . . .
Extracts from "Clinical Evidence": Infantile colic
Authors: S. Wade, T. Kilgour
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Competing interests: None declared.



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Clinical Evidence is published by BMJ Publishing Group. The fifth issue is available now, and Clinical Evidence will be updated and expanded each month on the website. Individual subscription rate, issues 5 and 6 £75/$110; institutional rate £160/$240; student rate £55/$80. For more information including how to subscribe, please visit the Clinical Evidence website at www.clinical evidence.org
Paradoxic elevation of serum growth hormone levels after splenectomy and/or paraesophagogastric devascularization in patients with portal hypertension
Authors: Y. Iwasaki, H. Satoh, T. Tsushima, A. Ohkubo, F. Matsuzaki, K. Kosaka, T. Beppu, S. Futagawa, M. Sugiura
Journal: Metabolism (1980)
When and why are babies weaned?
Authors: P W Wilkinson, D P Davies
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A prospective study was designed to investigate the weaning practices of 50 primiparous mothers whose babies were born between September 1976 and March 1978. The question whether the age of weaning influenced growth from birth to 6 months was also considered. The mothers and babies were seen in hospital and then at a follow-up clinic at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months. Details were taken of feeding practices, and measurements made of the babies' weight, length, and subscapular and triceps skinfold thicknesses. Seventeen infants who were breastfed received their first solid food at a mean age of 13.8 weeks, compared with 8.3 weeks for the 33 bottle-fed infants. Most (38) mothers weaned because they though their babies were hungry (crying after a feed or demanding more frequent feeds, or both). The age of weaning did not influence weight gain, growth in length, or change in skinfold thicknesses. The results suggest that the "4-month rule" for weaning is unrealistic. The decision to wean should be based more on the mother's interpretation of her baby's needs than on age alone.
Acitretin treatment of premalignant and malignant skin disorders in renal transplant recipients: clinical effects of a randomized trial comparing two doses of acitretin
Authors: R.G.L de Sévaux, J.V Smit, E.M.G.J de Jong, P.C.M van de Kerkhof, A.J Hoitsma
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
Thanatophoric dysplasia (types I and II) caused by distinct mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
Authors: Patricia L. Tavormina, Rita Shiang, Leslie M. Thompson, Ya-Zhen Zhu, Douglas J. Wilkin, Ralph S. Lachman, William R. Wilcox, David L. Rimoin, Daniel H. Cohn, John J. Wasmuth
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Effects of vasoconstrictor agents on flow rate of isolated epicardial coronary artery of humans with various degrees of atherosclerosis and of young pigs
Authors: N. SAKAINO, H. ARAKI, K. NISHI, T. KIMURA, H. YASUE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Journal Article Effects of vasoconstrictor agents on flow rate of isolated epicardial coronary artery of humans with various degrees of atherosclerosis and of young pigs Get access NARITSUGU SAKAINO, NARITSUGU SAKAINO **From the Department of Pharmacology, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HARUO ARAKI, HARUO ARAKI **From the Department of Pharmacology, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KATSUHIDE NISHI, KATSUHIDE NISHI **From the Department of Pharmacology, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar TADASHI KIMURA, TADASHI KIMURA †From the Division of Cardiology, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HIROFUMI YASUE HIROFUMI YASUE †From the Division of Cardiology, Kumamoto University Medical School, Kumamoto, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 22, Issue 8, August 1988, Pages 555–561, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/22.8.555 Published: 01 August 1988 Article history Received: 19 November 1987 Accepted: 10 March 1988 Published: 01 August 1988
RESTORATION OF THE ROUND LIGAMENTS
Authors: A. J. Nyulasy
Journal: BMJ (1922)

RESTORATION OF THE ROUND LIGAMENTS.rTIM B11 separated as completely as possible and a drainage tube inserted from which for a few days a small amount of bile escaped.-After the operation the coughing of bile ceased completely for five days and then began again.He continued to cough up a con- siderable quantity for some time, but it steadily diminished and Qeased altogether about a month after the operation.He was discharged on January 9th of this y.ear, feeling well, free from cough, and having gained several pounds in weight.The wound was quite healed, the crepitations at the right base had gone, but some dullness remained.The signs in the abdomen were unchanged.When examined again, six months later, he felt perfectly well and was doing full work.He had regained his former weight, the enlarged veins in the abdominal wall had disappeared, and there were no abnormal signs in the chest with the exception of slight persistent dullness.
131 JX-594, A TARGETED MULTI-MECHANISTIC ONCOLYTIC POXVIRUS, IS WELL-TOLERATED AND EXHIBITS ANTI-TUMOR ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY LIVER CANCER AND LIVER METASTASES
Authors: J. Heo, M. Cho, T. Reid, H.Y. Lim, L. Ruo, C.W. Kim, M. Bloomston, B.-G. Rhee, S.Y. Oh, B.-H. Park, H.C. Chung, R. Patt, C. Breitbach, T.-H. Hwang, J.C. Bell, D.H. Kirn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Beta-Adrenergic Potentiation of the Increased In Vitro Accumulation of Cycloleucine by Rat Thymocytes Induced by Triiodothyronine
Authors: James Etzkorn, Patricia Hopkins, Janet Gray, Joseph Segal, Sidney H. Ingbar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

We have previously demonstrated that 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3), whether administered in vivo or added to suspending media in vitro, promptly stimulates the in vitro accumulation of the nonmetabolized amino acids, alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, and cycloleucine (CLE) by thymocytes isolated from weanling rats. In these studies, we have examined the in vitro interaction between catecholamines and T3 with respect to this effect. The previously reported enhancement of CLE accumulation in thymocytes by T3 in vitro (1 μM) was confirmed. When added alone in concentrations ranging between 10 nM and 0.1 mM, the adrenergic agonists, epinephrine and norepinephrine, had no effect on CLE accumulation. At a concentration of 1 μM, isoproterenol, terbutaline, and phenylephrine were also without effect. However, the effect of T3 was clearly potentiated by the concomitant addition of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and possibly isoproterenol, whereas terbutaline and phenylephrine were without effect. Neither basal nor T3-enhanced CLE accumulation was affected by the addition alone of the adrenergic blocking agents, propranolol (0.1 mM), phentolamine (10 μM), or practolol (0.1 mM). Nevertheless, the beta1- and beta2-antagonist, propranol, and the beta1-antagonist, practolol, blocked the increment in CLE accumulation produced by epinephrine; the alpha-antagonist, phentolamine, was without effect.
Endoscopic treatment of acute<i>Ascaris</i>pancreatitis
Authors: S. Leelakusolvong, T. Sriprayoon, A. Methasate, T. Akaraviputh
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 36-year-old man presented with a 2-day history of epigastric pain and fever. Physical examination revealed marked epigastric tenderness. Laboratory values were: white blood cell count 22 000/µL; serum amylase 1461 U/L; lipase 1531 U/L. Computer tomography (CT) scan showed pancreatic swelling with a long, linear filling defect in the pancreatic duct, which was dilated, and mild dilatation of the common bile duct ([Fig. 1]). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed. The endoscopic view showed a round worm protruding from the ampulla of Vater. A snare was placed around the worm and pulled gently until the worm was extracted from the duodenum ([Fig. 2]). However, the pancreatogram showed another tubular-shaped filling defect occupying the whole of the dilated pancreatic duct ([Fig. 3]). Pancreatic sphincterotomy was performed and another round worm was successfully removed with a Dormia basket catheter over a guide wire. The patient was treated with mebendazole and his symptoms completely resolved.
Patient-Reported Outcomes and Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Can We Do Better With Artificial Pancreas Devices?
Authors: Katharine D. Barnard, Thomas Kubiak, Norbert Hermanns, Lutz Heinemann
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) assess a person’s experience, feelings, and thoughts about both their condition and its treatment. PROs are able to contribute to a benefit assessment of new medical products by introducing the patients’ subjective evaluation of medical products into the evaluation process. Thus, PROs are also the cornerstone of medical product development for understanding patients’ perceptions on medical products and/or its benefit assessment.

In the past 15 years, PROs were also evaluated in most clinical trials performed with continuous glucose monitoring systems. However, in its recent evaluation of such trials, the German Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG)—which has to provide an evidence-based review of the …
Tribal violence worsens humanitarian crisis in South Sudan
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Six months after independence, the world’s newest nation is struggling to cope with a mounting refugee crisis, massive population displacement, and the dislocation of health services and relief supplies caused by repeated rounds of intertribal violence.

South Sudan has declared the eastern Jonglei state a “humanitarian disaster area” and appealed for international aid after fighting among tribes displaced more than 60 000 people in the past few weeks.

The fledgling country already had some of the world’s worst health and social indicators before the latest round of fighting, cattle raiding, and child abductions ( BMJ 2011;342:d3726, doi:10.1136/bmj.d3726).

The United Nations estimates that more than 1100 people died and 63 000 were displaced last …
Patient information leaflets in the dermatology out-patient department
Authors: C.C. Harland, R.J. Madeley, L.G. Millard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Patient information leaflets in the dermatology out‐patient department Get access C.C. Harland, C.C. Harland Departments of Dermatology, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J. Madeley, R.J. Madeley Community Medicine, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.G. Millard L.G. Millard Departments of Dermatology, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 123, Issue s37, 1 July 1990, Pages 35–36, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb04439.x Published: 01 July 1990
MicroRNAs in cardiovascular disease: from pathogenesis to prevention and treatment
Authors: Daniel Quiat, Eric N. Olson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The management of cardiovascular risk through lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy is paramount to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies have identified obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension as interrelated factors that negatively affect cardiovascular health. Recently, genetic and pharmacological evidence in model systems has implicated microRNAs as dynamic modifiers of disease pathogenesis. An expanded understanding of the function of microRNAs in gene regulatory networks associated with cardiovascular risk will enable identification of novel genetic mechanisms of disease and inform the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.
RADIOIODINE THERAPY IN THROTOXICOSIS
Authors: Simin Dadparvar, Monem M. Gillan, Kiran M. Kapadia, Jason L. Damsker, Walter J. Slizofski
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Dadparvar, Simin M.D.; Gillan, Monem M. M.D.; Kapadia, Kiran M. M.D.; Damsker, Jason L. B.A.; Slizofski, Walter J. M.D.