tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Effects of Intracoronary β-Radiation in Balloon- and Stent-Injured Porcine Coronary Arteries
Authors: Grzegorz L. Kałuża, Albert E. Raizner, Wojciech Mazur, Daryl G. Schulz, John M. Buergler, Luis F. Fajardo, Fermin O. Tio, Nadir M. Ali
Journal: Circulation (2001)

The data on the long-term safety and efficacy of intracoronary beta-radiation in animal models are limited.A total of 30 coronary arteries in 15 swine were subjected to balloon or stent injury followed by beta-radiation from a centered 32P source (2000 cGy to 1 mm beyond lumen surface) or a sham radiation procedure. The animals received aspirin for 6 months and ticlopidine for 30 days. Five of the 10 animals subjected to radiation died (at 5 days, 7 days, 3 months [n = 2], and 4 months) as a result of layered, occlusive thrombus at the intervention site (3 stent and 2 balloon injury sites). No deaths occurred in the control group. In the surviving animals, balloon-injured and irradiated vessels showed a trend toward larger lumens than controls (2.15 +/- 0.17 versus 1.80 +/- 0.08 mm2, P=0.06) and larger external elastic lamina areas (3.32 +/- 0.21 versus 2.62 +/- 0.10 mm2, P=0.003). In the stent-injured vessels from surviving animals, lumen, neointimal, and external elastic lamina areas were 3.58 +/- 0.33, 3.16 +/- 0.35, and 8.12 +/- 0.42 mm2 for irradiated vessel segments; these values were not different from those in controls (3.21 +/- 0.15, 2.84 +/- 0.27, and 7.76 +/- 0.28 mm2, respectively). Histologically, healing was complete in most survivors, although intramural fibrin and hemorrhage were occasionally seen.In the long-term (6 month) porcine model of restenosis, the inhibition by intracoronary beta-radiotherapy of the neointimal formation that is known to be present at 1 month is not sustained. This lack of effect on neointimal formation after balloon and stent arterial injury is accompanied by subacute and late thrombosis that leads to cardiac death on a background of continuous aspirin but relatively brief ticlopidine treatment.
Pressure to prescribe antipsychotic drugs in learning disability too
Authors: S. Yates
Journal: BMJ (2012)

My first specialist job in community old age psychiatry entailed frequent visits to nursing homes. Fortunately, my consultant was conscious of the clinical and ethical challenges of managing the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, but even with such support I was often pressured by care home staff and sometimes relatives to prescribe something to “sort things out.”1 …
THE PHYSIOLOGIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SECRETION OF ENDOGENOUS INSULIN INTO THE PORTAL CIRCULATION. I. COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF GLUCAGON-FREE INSULIN ADMINISTERED VIA THE PORTAL VEIN AND VIA A PERIPHERAL VEIN ON THE MAGNITUDE OF HYPOGLYCEMIA AND PERIPHERAL GLUCOSE UTILIZATION1
Authors: Leonard L. Madison, Roger H. Unger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1958)
1102 THE POTENT BILE ACID SEQUESTRANT COLESEVELAM (CHOLESTAGEL®) IS NOT EFFECTIVE IN CHOLESTATIC PRURITUS. RESULTS OF A RANDOMIZED PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: E. Kuiper, K. van Erpecum, U. Beuers, B. Hansen, H. Thio, R. de Man, H. Janssen, H. van Buuren
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Expansion of the medical schools
Authors: D. V Bateman
Journal: BMJ (1976)

the hospital staffing pyramid which is the cause of so many problems and uncertainties but also the principle of one clinician being entirely responsible for any individual patient -undoubtedly to the mutual benefit and satisfaction of both.It would cut down unnecessary and repetitive examinations and documentation and would lead to better record keeping, to more effective prescribing of treatment, and to more economic use of laboratory and radiological investigations.It would eliminate the "cushion" of junior staff and would cost no more-probably less-than at present.Junior staff provision would then be that required for training-nearer to a ratio of 1: 0 3 than 1: 229 for the replacement of consultants-with whatever further addition would be required for those entering general practice.
BRUCELLA ABORTUS INFECTION IN A WOMAN
Authors: G. N. Belyea
Journal: JAMA (1927)

A number of cases of undulant fever due to<i>B. abortus</i>infection have been reported in the United States. The majority of these have been in males. In the cases of women, no mention has been made of conditions referable to the genital tract, although the bloody uterine discharge is common in cattle having this disease. The epidemiology of the disease, and the rôle of domestic animals, especially the cow, appears to have been satisfactorily settled following the work of Evans,<sup>1</sup>Huddleson<sup>2</sup>and Duncan.<sup>3</sup>The case reported here is submitted with the added interest of being the first from the large dairy areas of the Pacific Coast states, where<i>B. abortus</i>infection is widespread among the cattle. One can but speculate on the possibly unrecognized cases among human beings. In line with the latter thought, the case was presented with the history and all laboratory data excepting the
Motor planning in primates
Authors: Daniel J. Weiss, Kate M. Chapman, Jason D. Wark, David A. Rosenbaum
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Vaesen asks whether goal maintenance and planning ahead are critical for innovative tool use. We suggest that these aptitudes may have an evolutionary foundation in motor planning abilities that span all primate species. Anticipatory effects evidenced in the reaching behaviors of lemurs, tamarins, and rhesus monkeys similarly bear on the evolutionary origins of foresight as it pertains to tool use.
Safety of combination therapy with once-daily niacin extended-release/lovastatin in over 4,000 patients participating in the impact of medical subspecialty on patient compliance to treatment study
Authors: Mark E. McGovern, Eugenio A. Cefali, Suzanne Balandis, Rosemary Evans, Deborah L. Kennedy, Phillip D. Simmons, William M. Gentry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
ON THE ABSORPTION OF BILE PIGMENTS FROM THE INTESTINE
Authors: M. A. Blankenhorn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

Bilirubin as such is not reabsorbed from the intestine by way of the portal vein in healthy animals. Bilirubin may be absorbed from the intestine by the lymphatics but only in minute amounts. Urobilin is reabsorbed from the intestine by way of the portal vein and by way of the lymphatics.
Overweight and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus
Authors: R. N Maric
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—In their editorial, Jankowski et al provide useful information on molecular changes leading to adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction.1 The incidence of and mortality from oesophageal adenocarcinoma have risen dramatically over the past few decades in Europe and North America. One very important explanation for the …
Protests follow US Congress's passing of health reform bill
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Violent local protests took place after President Barack Obama signed into law the health reform bill passed on 21 March by the House of Representatives ( BMJ 2010;340:c1635, 22 Mar, doi:10.1136/bmj.c1635). Days later, on 25 March, the House passed the reconciliation bill to finalise changes, bringing the different bills passed by the Senate and the House in line. The president will sign the reconciliation bill this week.

Republicans moved immediately to repeal health reform. The attorneys general of 14 states began legal fights to declare the bill unconstitutional.

Republicans said they would campaign on the issue in the November elections, when all members of the House of Representatives and a third of the Senate will be running for re-election.

President Obama dared the Republicans to try that tactic. “If they want a fight we can have it,” he said to a supportive crowd in Iowa.

In the past, important social legislation such as Social Security (pensions for elderly people) and Medicare and Medicaid (health insurance for elderly and poor people) met objections at first but then was widely accepted. Several polls have shown increasing support for health reform.

Republicans said that health reform was unconstitutional because it forced people to buy health insurance …
Daniel Drake (1785-1852)
Authors: John H. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Approximately a year ago, I became particularly interested in Daniel Drake, pioneer physician of the Midwest, who was an important factor in establishing 2 medical schools in the Ohio River Valley. An editorial was prepared on Daniel Drake and was published inThe Journal, July 15, 1961. Scarcely was this finished when Dr. Horine's full-length biography appeared. The editorial, having been scheduled, was modified to include a reference to this biography. Not long after, Dr. Horine brought to our attention a number of errors in the essay which had been derived from "secondary sources." These were noted under "corrections" in the Sept. 2 issue ofThe Journal. The period for preparation of Horine's biography was 32 years. This is rather an extended period of literary research and composition, but the results seem well worth the efforts. Some impression of the magnitude of the job may be gained from the statement
The Neurotic's Diet.
Authors: John A. Cutter
Journal: JAMA (1899)

New York City, Aug. 31, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The article entitled, "The Neurotic's Diet," by Henry C. Eyman, M.D., is good reading, and I shall reproduce it with due credit in the<i>Dietetic and Hygienic Gazette</i>. Dr. Eyman says: "There is no doubt of the efficacy of raw meat, dry bread and hot water, exclusively in the very common acid dyspeptic states, while plethoric individuals with irritated kidneys and the neuralgic twinges of the uric acid condition, will just as surely obtain relief by the use of farinaceous food and nuts." Who uses raw beef when he can obtain it cooked? What physician is foolish enough to prescribe a food uncooked, unpalatable, not in a condition for digestion and liable to provoke the presence of tapeworm in the body? Occasionally I come across this statement of the use of raw beef; physicians also ask, "how do you get your
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin
Authors: G. I. M. Swyer
Journal: BMJ (1948)

White Paper.I imagine that one of the reasons why I suffered neglect was that most of your present-day correspondents were still in the karyokinetic stages of their medico-political develop- ment.I am glad to think they have now passed the early stages of dentition, for some of them can bite !But, Sir, why ask for more than the fundamental requirements enumerated in the White Paper above quoted ?-I am, etc.,
Estrogens in human psychosexual differentiation
Authors: Heino F. L. Meyer-Bahlburg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

There is some very limited evidence for a role of estrogens in human psychosexual masculinization; its interpretation is uncertain. Fitch &amp; Denenberg's demonstration of a role for estrogens in the behavioral feminization of nonhuman mammals implicitly suggests an answer to a riddle posed by the syndrome of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in women.
The histone deacetylase inhibitor, romidepsin, suppresses cellular immune functions of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma patients
Authors: Michael J. Kelly‐Sell, Youn H. Kim, Suzanne Straus, Bernice Benoit, Cameron Harrison, Katherine Sutherland, Randall Armstrong, Wen‐Kai Weng, Louise C. Showe, Maria Wysocka, Alain H. Rook
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Romidepsin is the second histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) approved for the treatment of advanced stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Recent in vitro data suggest that HDACis suppress immune function although these findings have not been confirmed in patients. Thus, we serially examined the cellular immune function of eight CTCL patients undergoing treatment with three cycles of romidepsin. We measured the patients' natural killer (NK) and dendritic cell (DC) function and performed an in vitro terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay to measure cellular apoptosis. Patients' NK cell cytolytic activity decreased from baseline to the third cycle of treatment (P = 0.018) but stimulation with a toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist increased this activity (P = 0.018). At baseline, a TLR agonist could both activate patients' DC (P = 0.043) and stimulate interleukin-12 protein production (P = 0.043) but both were suppressed after the first cycle of romidepsin. Finally, we observed increased specificity for romidepsin-induced CD4+ tumor cell apoptosis and dose-dependent increases in cellular apoptosis of healthy cells in multiple lineages (P < 0.05). These findings raise concern that HDACis suppress immune function in CTCL patients and they support the concurrent use of multiple immune stimulatory agents to preserve the host immune response.
Survival after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Hospital
Authors: Susanna E. Bedell, Thomas L. Delbanco, E. Francis Cook, Franklin H. Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Little is known about prognostic factors that determine outcomes after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We studied prospectively 294 consecutive patients who were resuscitated in a university teaching hospital. Forty-one patients (14 per cent) were discharged from the hospital; three quarters of them were still alive six months later. A multivariate analysis revealed that pneumonia, hypotension, renal failure, cancer, and a homebound life style before hospitalization were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (P less than 0.05). None of the 58 patients with pneumonia and none of the 179 in whom resuscitation took longer than 30 minutes survived to be discharged. On the other hand, fully 42 per cent of the patients who survived for 24 hours after resuscitation left the hospital. At the time of discharge from the hospital and again six months later, 93 per cent of the survivors were mentally intact. Although depression was generally present at the time of discharge, it tended to resolve subsequently. However, all patients reported some decrease in functional capacity, often attributed to fear. This persisted at six months after discharge. Age alone did not appear to influence the prognosis for survival after cardiopulmonary resuscitation or the adjustment to chronic illness after discharge from the hospital.
648. Transductionally Modified Oncolytic Adenoviruses for Treatment of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Tommi Pisto, Lotta Kangasniemi, Tanja Hakkarainen, Tuula Kiviluoto, Kilian Guse, Anna Kanerva, Akseli Hemminki
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Top of pageAbstract
216 367 new cases of pancreatic cancer are estimated worldwide, with 213 462 subsequent deaths and the incidence is increasing. A reason for the strikingly low survival is the fact that clinical symptoms appear late and the lack of good therapy modalities. Virotherapy with conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRADs) has been explored for enhanced tumor transduction and amplification of effect. Expression of the coxsackie adenovirus receptor (CAR) has been shown to be expressed variably in many cancer types thus compromising adenoviral transduction.

We evaluated infectivity enhancement approaches for pancreatic cancer in vitro using a selection of cell lines (HPAC, Capan-2, HS766T,SW1990, Panc-1) and clinical samples fresh from patients. Capsid modifications utilized were RGD-4C, serotype chimerism (5/3), and polylysine modification of the adenoviral fiber. The RGD- 4C motif in the fiber knob allows adenovirus binding to integrins, serotype chimerism targets the Ad3 receptor and polylysine modification allows binding to heparin sulphate proteoglycans, thus circumventing potentially lacking or variable expression of CAR. To measure transduction efficacy, cell lines and clinical samples were infected with replication deficient viruses expressing firefly luciferase or b-galactosidase. After 24 hours of infection, cells were lysed and relative light units were measured and compared to wild type capsid containing viruses. The oncolytic effect of CRADs with similiar capsid modifications was tested by measuring mitochondrial activity of the cell lines post infection.

Our data showed the benefits of infectivity enhancement for pancreatic cancer. In all cell lines and clinical samples either the pk7 or 5/3 capsid modified viruses showed significantly better transduction efficacy over wild type. Also CRADs with chimeric or polylysine modifications showed superior in vitro oncolytic potency compared to wild type. For in vivo analysis, we utilized a subcutaneous model of pancreatic cancer and comparison of capsid modified CRADs is ongoing. More importantly, we have developed orthotopic models of disseminated pancreatic cancer for comparing candidate CRADs and data will be presented at the meeting.
Hereditary Occurrence of the Pre-Excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-White) Syndrome with Re-Entry Mechanism and Concealed Conduction
Authors: WILLIAM W. HARNISCHFEGER
Journal: Circulation (1959)

The hereditary occurrence of the pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-White) syndrome in 3 generations of 1 family is reported. The syndrome was observed in a grandfather. father, in a set of identical twin girls, and in the male of a second set of fraternal twins. Completed abortive circus movements with re-entry into the normal conduction pathway, as well as concealed forward conduction, in the pre-excitation syndrome are demonstrated. The importance of this observation for the understanding of the mechanism of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is discussed.
Diagnosis of Unexplained Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Andrew D. Krahn, Michael Gollob, Raymond Yee, Lorne J. Gula, Allan C. Skanes, Bruce D. Walker, George J. Klein
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Cardiac arrest with preserved left ventricular function may be caused by uncommon genetic conditions. Although these may be evident on the ECG, long-term monitoring or provocative testing is often necessary to unmask latent primary electrical disease.Patients with unexplained cardiac arrest and no evident cardiac disease (normal left ventricular function, coronary arteries, and resting corrected QT) underwent pharmacological challenge with adrenaline and procainamide infusions to unmask subclinical primary electrical disease. Family members underwent noninvasive screening and directed provocative testing on the basis of findings in the proband. Eighteen patients (mean+/-SD age, 41+/-17 years; 11 female) with unexplained cardiac arrest were assessed. The final diagnosis was catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) in 10 patients (56%), Brugada syndrome in 2 patients (11%), and unexplained (idiopathic ventricular fibrillation) in 6 patients (33%). Of 55 family members (mean+/-SD age, 27+/-17 years; 33 female), 9 additional affected family members were detected from 2 families, with a single Brugada syndrome patient and 8 CPVT patients.Provocative testing with adrenaline and procainamide infusions is useful in unmasking the etiology of apparent unexplained cardiac arrest. This approach helps to diagnose primary electrical disease, such as CPVT and Brugada syndrome, and provides the opportunity for therapeutic intervention in identified, asymptomatic family members who harbor the same disease.
Assessment of Bacterial Colonization in Airways of Children with Asthma and Chronic Cough by Culture and 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Authors: Pia J. Hauk, Elena Goleva, Leisa P. Jackson, J. Kirk Harris, J. Tod Olin, Susan M. Brugman, Dave P. Nichols, Marzena Krawiec, Donald Y. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Prevention of Cryosurgical Adherence With Silicone
Authors: L. Christensen
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> One of the serious disadvantages of cryosurgery is the occasional adherence of the cryosurgical probe to the tissue under treatment or to contiguous tissues. The tissues treated may be inadvertently torn with removal of the probe, and occasionally adjacent tissues are often disrupted with serious results. In ophthalmology attachment of the iris and adherence of the cornea occur so frequently that exceptional caution and immediate attention during extraction of the lens is required. Although much less important, adherence of the cryoprobe to sclera during retinal detachment surgery has also been a nuisance. In this latter surgical procedure the problem has been partially corrected by installation of heating units within the various cryosurgical instruments. It is the purpose of this article to describe a technique of shielding the probe from the tissues by a simple additional maneuver to insure the operator against this undesirable adherence and still permit
The Hyde Amendment in Action
Authors: Willard Cates
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In August 1977 the Hyde Amendment, which restricts the use of federal funds for abortion, was implemented; it remained in operation during the next 2% years. During this interval, the Hyde Amendment was effective in nearly eliminating federally financed abortions. However, an estimated 94% of pregnant, low-income women "at risk" obtained a legal abortion, 65% with state funds and 29% with other sources of funding. About 5% of low-income women continued their pregnancies to term, while only an estimated 1% resorted to illegal abortion. These results are contrary to the predictions of both "pro-life" and "pro-choice" advocacy groups. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1109-1112)
Detection and Follow-up of Metastatic Melanoma Before and After High-Dose Regional Chemotherapy by Isolated Limb Perfusion With Tc-99m Tetrofosmin
Authors: LUKAS RETTENBACHER, JOSEF KOLLER, HELMUT KASSMANN, GUNTHER GALVAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Tc-99m tetrofosmin has been used successfully to detect various tumors, such as in the thyroid and breast. This case illustrates increased uptake of cutaneous and lymph node metastases of malignant melanoma with Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintigraphy. One month after high-dose regional chemotherapy by isolated hyperthermic perfusion of the right leg, no uptake was found with Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintigraphy. This suggests that tetrofosmin scintigraphy may be helpful in detecting metastatic melanoma and evaluating the success of cytostatic therapy.
Utility of Amino-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, Galectin-3, and Apelin for the Evaluation of Patients With Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Roland R. van Kimmenade, James L. Januzzi, Patrick T. Ellinor, Umesh C. Sharma, Jaap A. Bakker, Adrian F. Low, Abelardo Martinez, Harry J. Crijns, Calum A. MacRae, Paul P. Menheere, Yigal M. Pinto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Intensity of FDG Uptake Is Not Everything
Authors: Mathieu Charest, Amit Singnurkar, Marc Hickeson, J A. Novales, Vilma Derbekyan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

A growing number of studies have demonstrated the usefulness of FDG PET-CT in the preoperative assessment of soft tissue sarcomas. We report a case of a patient with a known low-grade liposarcoma demonstrating only mild hypermetabolism on a FDG PET-CT study. An incidental osseous lesion was found in the distal tibia of the same extremity during the initial workup. This tibial lesion was significantly more intense on the FDG PET-CT study than the primary sarcoma. Further investigation showed this to be an unexpected benign fibrous dysplasia. We present this case as an example of the discrepancy of FDG activity, which may exist between truly malignant and benign lesions that may arise from soft tissue and osseous structures. A benign process should remain in the differential diagnosis for hypermetabolic lesions when evaluating a case of known malignancy, especially when the degree of uptake of that lesion differs significantly from that of the primary lesion.