tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Candesartan vs Losartan and Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure—Reply
Authors: Lars H. Lund
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A 50-Year-Old Woman With Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Charles E. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the Clinical Crossroads article entitled "A 50-Year-Old Woman With Disabling Spinal Stenosis,"<sup>1</sup>the authors argue that Miss W has low back and leg pain due to spinal stenosis and that conservative treatment other than epidural injection of steroids has failed. Because epidural treatment is not covered by the patient's insurance, operative treatment is considered. Unfortunately, attributing the patient's symptoms primarily to spinal stenosis is unjustified. Given that significant conservative treatment options were neglected, the discussion of surgical options is premature. The patient, a 50-year-old overweight woman with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia, complains of intermittent low back pain and bilateral leg pain. Magnetic resonance imaging indicates spinal stenosis and mild lumbar disk disease. Her symptoms could be caused entirely or in part by spinal stenosis, midline lumbar disk disease, or fibromyalgia; because treatment of these entities differs, proper assessment of the role each plays is essential.
Reliability of Individual Frontal Plane Axis Determination
Authors: NOBORU OKAMOTO, KATSUMI KANEKO, ERNST SIMONSON, O. H. SCHMITT
Journal: Circulation (1971)

In a sample of 649 healthy men, the QRS and T amplitude frontal plane QRS and T axes and mean vectors were determined from leads I and III (standard reference), II and III, I and II, I and aV F , aV L and aV F , and from a vectorial combination of leads I, II, and III. The group means were similar, but there were large intraindividual differences of the QRS axis (up to ± 35°) and, to a somewhat lesser degree, of the T axis between the different lead combinations. Hypothetically, the axes from different lead combinations should be identical. The intraindividual discrepancies of the mean frontal plane vectors were also large (about 20%). In a smaller sample of 50 healthy men the axis was also determined from Frank X, Y leads, and the QRS and T axes were determined from both amplitudes (as in the larger sample) and areas. The results were similar to those obtained in the larger sample: no significant differences in the group means, but large intraindividual discrepancies between the various lead combinations both for amplitude and area axes. It is concluded that the normal standards obtained for the axis determined from leads I and III are also valid for the other lead combinations, but that for the individual patient there is no assurance that the axis determined from any one lead combination will be the true axis, even with a liberal range of error. The major part of the variation in axis as measured from various lead combinations is attributable in this study to time disparity between components measured in the individual leads, but skin impedance contributes substantially in many conventional measurements. For a patient in whom the axis is considered to be of diagnostic importance, it is probably worth averaging axes determined by several different lead combinations.
T cell contact with Ia antigens on nonhemopoietic cells in vivo can lead to immunity rather than tolerance.
Authors: E K Gao, H Kosaka, C D Surh, J Sprent
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Long-term H-2-heterozygous a----(a x b)F1 bone marrow (BM) chimeras prepared with supralethal irradiation (1,300 rad) are devoid of Ia+ host BM-derived antigen-presenting cells (APC), but show quite strong host Ia expression in germinal centers, probably on follicular dendritic cells (a class of nonhemopoietic stromal cells). To examine whether Ia expression on these non-BM-derived cells is capable of inducing post-thymic tolerance of T cells, thymectomized irradiated (a x b)F1 mice were reconstituted with parent alpha stem cells and then, 6 mo later, given parent alpha thymus grafts. As measured by primary mixed lymphocyte reactions and V beta expression, the CD4+ cells differentiating in the thymus-grafted mice showed no detectable tolerance to the H-2 (Ia) antigens of the host. To examine whether the thymus-grafted mice contained immunologically significant quantities of host Ia antigens, long-term alpha----(alpha x b)F1 chimeras were injected with normal strain alpha CD4+ cells; the donor cells were recovered from thoracic duct lymph of the chimeras and tested for host reactivity in vitro. The results showed that Ia expression in the chimeras was sufficient to cause selective trapping of a substantial proportion of host-Ia-reactive CD4+ cells soon after transfer and, at later stages, to induce strong priming. Tolerance was not seen. The data place constraints on the view that T cell recognition of antigen expressed on cells other than typical BM-derived APC leads to tolerance induction.
Abstract 4205: Regulation of Hif-1α expression by NADPH oxidase 5 (Nox5) in human cancer cell lines
Authors: Smitha Antony, Yongzhong Wu, Han Liu, Guojian Jiang, Agnes Juhasz, Jiamo Lu, Krishnendu K. Roy, James H. Doroshow
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidases (Noxs) participate in signaling cascades regulating proliferation. However, the relative contribution to tumor cell growth by the seven Nox homologues (Nox1-5 and Duox 1 and 2) remains unclear. Several studies have proposed that Nox5 plays a role in promoting cell proliferation in Hairy cell leukemia, Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma cells, and in prostate cancer; however, little is known about the signaling pathways mediated by Nox5. We explored the functional role of Nox5 in a variety of tumor cell lines, including the NCI-60 cell panel; real time RT-PCR revealed that several melanoma lines express Nox4 and Nox5, but no Nox1 mRNA; and that prostate cell lines express Nox5 mRNA. Of the Nox5- expressing NCI-60 human cancer cell lines, we studied UACC-257 melanoma and PC-3 prostate cancer cells. These lines were characterized for variations in their N-terminus Ca2+ binding domains; RT-PCR revealed that both cell lines expressed the Nox5α and Nox5γ forms. The functional role of Nox5 in UACC-257 and PC-3 cells was studied by generating stable Nox5-overexpressing clones, and by transiently silencing Nox5 that was expressed endogenously, as well as that in clones stably overexpressing Nox5. Redox-sensitive assays for both intra- and extracellular ROS production confirmed that Nox5 was functional and generated superoxide in UACC-257 and PC-3 clones overexpressing Nox5. Nox5 could be activated by the phorbol ester PMA and by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin in overexpressing clones. This enzymatic activity was Ca2+- and flavin dehydrogenase-dependent; the calcium chelator BAPTA-AM and the flavoprotein inhibitor DPI (200nM) significantly decreased Nox5-mediated ROS production. Overexpression of Nox5 in UACC-257 cells resulted in increased normoxic Hif-1α expression that was also Ca2+-, flavin dehydrogenase- and ROS-dependent. Silencing Nox5 by RNAi significantly inhibited both endogenous and PMA-stimulated ROS production, confirming that ROS production was Nox5-mediated. Knockdown of both endogenous and overexpressed Nox5 in both UACC-257 and PC-3 cells resulted in decreased Hif-1α expression. Studies to characterize the mechanisms by which Nox5 modulates cell proliferation through the HIF-1α pathway are ongoing. Our experiments suggest that Nox5 expression may play an important role in the generation of high local concentrations of ROS that could contribute to activation of Hif-1α and promote cell proliferation in human cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4205. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4205
Abstract 5281: Insulin-mediated regulation of the miR132/212 cluster and miR 122/181a expression through PI3K, Akt, mTOR signaling in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.
Authors: Upasana Shukla, Nithin Tumma, Theresa Gratsch, Alan Dombkowski, Raymond Novak
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background and Objective: Several microRNAs were selected for characterization of their response to insulin signaling based on previous reports implicating their role in the regulation of hepatic metabolism, diabetes, hepatocellular carcinoma, and predictions of targeting CYP2E1. CYP2E1 catalyzes the metabolic activation of carcinogens, increases cellular oxidative stress, and is elevated in diabetes and at low insulin levels (0.1nM) in primary cultured hepatocytes. In addition, aberrant miR-122 expression was reported to be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in rats, as well as in human tissue, and may be involved with hepatocarcinogenesis. In view of the critical role of the PI3K, Akt and mTOR signaling pathway in pathogenesis, mechanistic studies were conducted to examine the role of this pathway in regulation miR 132/212, 122 and 181a expression. Methods: Insulin effects on miRNA (miRs) levels were monitored using qPCR, and mechanistic studies employing inhibitors of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR were used to examine the role of this insulin signaling pathway on miR expression. The results were compared to miR let-7a, which is not implicated in the regulation of hepatic metabolism or diabetes and does not target CYP2E1 mRNA. Results: Insulin at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, and 10 nM increased the expression of miRNA-132 and 212 ∼2- and 1.8-fold respectively, whereas expression of miRNAs 181a and 122 increased ∼1.6- and 1.4-fold, respectively. In contrast, insulin failed to significantly alter the expression of miRNA let-7a. Inhibition of PI3K with LY294002, Akt with A-443654 and mTOR with rapamycin resulted in significant suppression of the insulin-mediated elevation of miR-132, miR-212, and miR-122 levels monitored over the insulin concentrations examined. Inhibition of PI3K with LY294002, or Akt with A-443654 decreased the insulin-mediated increase in miR-181a levels by ∼20 to 50% relative to the respective insulin-concentration. Rapamycin inhibition of mTOR produced a marginal (&amp;lt;10%) decrease in miR-181a levels. Inhibition of PI3K or Akt did not show any significant effect on miR let-7a. In summary, seminal evidence is provided for insulin regulation of microRNA expression in primary cultured hepatocytes through PI3K, Akt and mTOR (TORC1). Citation Format: Upasana Shukla, Nithin Tumma, Theresa Gratsch, Alan Dombkowski, Raymond Novak. Insulin-mediated regulation of the miR132/212 cluster and miR 122/181a expression through PI3K, Akt, mTOR signaling in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5281. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5281
A CASE OF MENSTRUAL ALLERGY
Authors: W. T. Harrison
Journal: JAMA (1933)

This case is reported in view of the unusual nature of the allergin and the possibility that similar instances of hypersensitiveness may be fairly common. Mrs. C., white, aged 23, seen Feb. 12, 1932, complained of giant urticaria since the preceding November. The lesions were from 4 to 8 inches in diameter and occurred chiefly on the face and extremities, but appeared on any part of the body. She was sometimes free for as long as two weeks; again she would have two or three attacks in twenty-four hours. At the age of 16 she had one attack after eating strawberries. She was married at 18 and had her first child at 21, and a second child eighteen months later. Labor was normal. The menses reappeared when the second child was 5 months old and were accompanied by an attack of giant hives. She also noticed local irritation during the
Commentary on Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs
Authors: Simone A. French, Mary Story
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Blockade of endogenous anterior hypothalamic atrial natriuretic peptide with monoclonal antibody lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: R H Yang, H K Jin, Y F Chen, J M Wyss, S Oparil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

We have previously shown that the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) content of the anterior hypothalamic region of NaCl-sensitive spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-S) is higher than that of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. ANP has been shown to inhibit neuronal norepinephrine release and to reduce the excitability of hypothalamic neurons. This study tested the hypothesis that blockade of endogenous ANP in the anterior hypothalamus by local microinjection of a monoclonal antibody to ANP (MAb KY-ANP-II) lowers blood pressure in SHR-S. Purified MAb KY-ANP-II (0.055 and 0.55 micrograms) or control mouse IgG in 200 nl saline was microinjected into the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) of conscious SHR-S and control WKY rats. As a further control, Mab KY-ANP-II (0.55 microgram) was microinjected into the posterior hypothalamic area (PHA) of SHR-S. Anterior hypothalamic microinjection of MAb KY-ANP-II caused significant dose-related decreases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in SHR-S but not in WKY rats. Control injections of equal volumes of IgG had no effect on MAP or HR. Microinjection of Mab KY-ANP-II into PHA produced no significant alteration in MAP or HR in SHR-S. These data provide the first demonstration that endogenous ANP in a region of brain known to influence cardiovascular function mediates BP and HR control in the rat. These findings suggest that the increased endogenous ANP in the anterior hypothalamus of SHR-S may be involved in the central regulation of BP in the model.
Stainless Steel Wire Suture Technique in Thoracic Surgery
Authors: R. Belsey
Journal: Thorax (1946)

Before embarking upon any new surgical procedure or technique three condi- tions need to be fulfilled.First, it must be shown to be necessary, secondly, there must be sufficient experimental evidence to justify a trial of the new method; and tlhirdly, any advantage the new may appear to have over the old must be shown to possess statistical significance before its final adoption is justified, unless there are overwhelming practical advantages such as greater simplicity or economy.If thiese three rules are observed there will be far less of the fashionable " try every- thing once " approach that is responsible for so much confusion and wasted effort.Condition " one " was met by dissatisfaction with the high morbidity rate attendant upon certain thoracic operations.The patient's attitude to, and recol- lection of, an operation are governed largely bv the complications that occur in the post-operative period.Whereas mortality rates are of greater interest to the surgeon, who fosters the illusion that his value to society is judged largely by the number of patients he does, or does not, slaughter; to the patient the question of how prolonged will be the period of post-operative misery is of far greater moment than any consideration of immortality.Ninety per cent of post-operative morbidity in thoracic surgery is probably caused bv two complications: the bronchial fistula and bacterial infection.These brief niotes constitute a preliminary report upon the efforts of the surgical staff at Kewstoke to eliminate or control these two bogies.Condition " two " has been adequately answered by the volume of experi- mental work done in recent years upon the degree and type of tissue reaction to various foreign suture materials.The observations recorded by various experi- mentalists are remarkably consistent, and those of Wu and Pai (1943) are typical.They observed very little inflammatory tissue reaction to stainless steel wire in experimental wounds, as contrasted with the terrific reaction to catgut and some- what less severe reactions to thread and silk.In wire wounds, fibroblasts were shown to be present in five days as compared with 14 days in silk wounds, and the resulting fibrosis was minimal.In infected wounds there was no greater reaction round the wire than in the rest of the wound, no sinus formation, and no delay in healing ; thread, on the other hand, invariably led to sinus formation, and
Prognostic impact of WT1 mutations in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia: a study of the German-Austrian AML Study Group
Authors: Verena Ingeborg Gaidzik, Richard Friedrich Schlenk, Simone Moschny, Annegret Becker, Lars Bullinger, Andrea Corbacioglu, Jürgen Krauter, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Arnold Ganser, Hartmut Döhner, Konstanze Döhner
Journal: Blood (2009)
XX/XY Lymphoid Chimerism in a Boy With Fatal Lymphohistiocytic Proliferation
Authors: Gabriel Cividalli
Journal: JAMA (1981)

XX/XY chimerism, present in peripheral blood and bone marrow cells, but absent in other somatic tissues, was demonstrated in a 6-year-old patient. The initial clinical presentation with "butterfly" rash, pancytopenia with a hemolytic component, and hypergammaglobulinemia was suggestive of an immune disorder. Infiltration of skin, bone marrow, and lymph nodes with histiocytes, without disruption of the general configuration, was similar to the findings in familial lymphohistiocytosis. The results of specific cellular markers and of cytogenetic and immunologic studies are analyzed and the nature of the disease and origin of the chimeric state are discussed. The most likely explanations include a chronic graft-vs-host reaction induced by proliferation of foreign lymphoid cells derived from a blood transfusion that the child had received during infancy, or proliferation of neoplastic cells present in the transfused blood.
VIOSTEROL IN RICKETS
Authors: F. E. Mussehl
Journal: JAMA (1930)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am much interested in your editorial comment inThe Journal, September 13, on "Vitamin A in Disease." Toward the end of the editorial appears this statement: "Recently viosterol has come into vogue in the treatment and prevention of rickets. Because of its high vitamin D content it should be more valuable than cod liver oil, but in certain cases cod liver oil has seemed to be more curative than viosterol." Some research work that we have done at this institution with irradiated ergosterol as an antirachitic for chickens indicates clearly that the standard established for this product by the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association is entirely out of line with the real antirachitic value of this product. We have fed irradiated ergosterol, or viosterol, in amounts theoretically equivalent to 2, 4, 6, 20, 50, 100 and 200 per cent of cod
The Shc-binding site of the βc subunit of the GM-CSF/IL-3/IL-5 receptors is a negative regulator of hematopoiesis
Authors: Hayley S. Ramshaw, Mark A. Guthridge, Frank C. Stomski, Emma F. Barry, Lisa Ooms, Christina A. Mitchell, C. Glenn Begley, Angel F. Lopez
Journal: Blood (2007)
An Address on KOCH'S DISCOVERY OF THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS: SOME OF ITS IMPLICATIONS AND RESULTS
Authors: R. Philip
Journal: BMJ (1932)

Clausthal among the Harz Mountains, the third child of a family of thirteen.His father was a minling official.The lad passed fromi the local gymnasium to the mlt 'ibour- ing university at G6ttingen, where, after working at mathematics and physics, he turned to medicine.As an undergraduate he assisted Henle in the pathological museum.-He took his M.D. in January, 1866.After gaining experience in hospital at Hamburg and in general practice near Hanover and in Posen, he did Army medical serv ice during the Franco-Prussian war.Thereafter he went to Wolstein as district physician in Bomst, Polish Prussia.EARLIEST INVESTIGATIONS In this little provincial town of Bomst, without the facilities of a university laboratory, Koch began observa- tions on his own account.In his modest home a portion of the consulting room was curtained off so that, in the intervals between seeing patients, he might do micro- scopical work and, with some help irom the local apothe- cary, seek answers to the questions which were stirring in his mind.He quickly realized the insufficiency of the existinig microscope, and made suggestions to Professor Abbe and the firm of Zeiss with a view to its improvement.He investigated micro-organisms by means of staining methods and cultures to such purpose that, in April, 1876, he was able to write to the botanist, Ferdinand Cohn of Breslau, that in his study of the anthrax bacillus he had found the spores of the bacillus which, from analogy with other bacilli, Cohn had predicated.At the Botanical In- stitute, Breslau, to' an audience which, in addition to Cohn, included three distinguished men-namely, Cohn- heim, Weigert, and Traube, Koch demonstrated the development of spores within the Bacillus anthracis, their liberation from the bacillus, and the sprouting of the bacillus from the spore, the occurrence of spore formation in anthracic blood, and the production of anthrax in mice and rabbits by inoculation of the bacilli and spores.In 1876 he published his first classic paper on the aetio- logy of anthrax, based on a study of the life-history of the bacillus.Following this, in 1878, came a like importanit paper on the aetiology of wound infections.