tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rescinnamine in Treatment of Hypertension in Hospital Clinic and in General Practice
Authors: R. Fife, J. C. Maclaurin, J. H. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1960)

Preparations of Rauwolfia serpentina, and in particular its alkaloid reserpine, are widely used in the treatment of hypertension. Their value has been challenged on the grounds that they rarely produce an adequate result in severe hypertension and that they can cause undesirable side-effects, especially depression. Many workers feel that they still have a place in the management of less severe hypertension, and that the adoption of smaller dosage reduces significantly the risk of side-effects. It has been suggested that rescinnamine, another alkaloid of rauwolfia, might have an antihypertensive effect equal to that of reserpine. but with less tendency to cause depression. The following report describes an experiment with two objectives: firstly, to determine whether the anti hypertensive effect of reserpine on a group of patients might be equalled by a smaller dose of reserpine together with rescinnamine, and whether the combined regime might have fewer side-effects; and, secondly, to compare the conclusions of the hospital clinic with an independent assessment of the results in the same patients by their own family doctors, during the same period of time. It was hoped also to obtain some data about the relationship between blood-pressure readings made in the hospital clinic and those made in she home or in the consulting-room.
SIRT1 Deacetylase in POMC Neurons Is Required for Homeostatic Defenses against Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Giorgio Ramadori, Teppei Fujikawa, Makoto Fukuda, Jason Anderson, Donald A. Morgan, Raul Mostoslavsky, Ronald C. Stuart, Mario Perello, Claudia R. Vianna, Eduardo A. Nillni, Kamal Rahmouni, Roberto Coppari
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
THE ROLE OF THE CIRCULATION IN MEASUREMENTS OF SKIN CONDUCTIVITY
Authors: ANN WOOLLEY-HART
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— Measurements of skin conductivity using silver disc and multiplint electrodes have been described. Comparisons with skin temperature measurements using thermistor probes have been made, and a parallel between the two parameters demonstrated. A connection between skin conductivity and blood flow was suggested, and confirmed by the effects on conductivity of exercise and the intradermal injection of adrenaline and histamine under the electrode site. The implications of this are discussed and a possible role of such measurements in the clinic is mentioned.
Guided Internet-based vs. face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy for psychiatric and somatic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gerhard Andersson, Pim Cuijpers, Per Carlbring, Heleen Riper, Erik Hedman
Journal: World Psychiatry (2014)

Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) has been tested in many research trials, but to a lesser extent directly compared to face-to-face delivered cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials in which guided ICBT was directly compared to face-to-face CBT. Studies on psychiatric and somatic conditions were included. Systematic searches resulted in 13 studies (total N=1053) that met all criteria and were included in the review. There were three studies on social anxiety disorder, three on panic disorder, two on depressive symptoms, two on body dissatisfaction, one on tinnitus, one on male sexual dysfunction, and one on spider phobia. Face-to-face CBT was either in the individual format (n=6) or in the group format (n=7). We also assessed quality and risk of bias. Results showed a pooled effect size (Hedges' g) at post-treatment of −0.01 (95% CI: −0.13 to 0.12), indicating that guided ICBT and face-to-face treatment produce equivalent overall effects. Study quality did not affect outcomes. While the overall results indicate equivalence, there are still few studies for each psychiatric and somatic condition and many conditions for which guided ICBT has not been compared to face-to-face treatment. Thus, more research is needed to establish equivalence of the two treatment formats.
Ophthalmic Surgery in India
Authors: J. N. Tennent
Journal: BMJ (1954)

<h3>Abstract</h3> A tedizolid-resistant isolate of MRSA was selected by serial passage. Whole genome sequencing revealed only a single nucleotide variant in <i>rpoB</i>. Cross-resistance to linezolid, chloramphenicol, and quinupristin-dalfopristin was observed but susceptibility to other drugs including rifampin was unchanged. Models of the RNA-polymerase-ribosomal complex revealed that the mutated residue was unlikely to interact directly with the oxazolidinone binding site. This is the first time that <i>rpoB</i> mutation has been associated with resistance to the PhLOPSa antimicrobials.
Diagnostic Value of the Colchicine Therapeutic Trial
Authors: Stanley L. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The reliability of the colchicine therapeutic trial as a diagnostic tool in differentiating acute gout from other forms of arthritis was tested in this study. Rigid criteria for improvement as a result of colchicine therapy were established: (1) major subsidence of objective joint inflammatory changes within 48 hours of colchicine therapy, and (2) no recrudescence of inflammatory joint manifestations within seven days. Approximately 75% (44 of 58) of patients with acute gout responded in this manner; three of 62 (5%) patients with other arthritic disorders also responded. It is concluded that the colchicine therapeutic trial is a useful, but not infallible, diagnostic aid.
Rifampin-Induced Hypothyroidism in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Authors: Nobuyuki Takasu, Masaki Takara, Ichiro Komiya
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

To the Editor: Rifampin is often used to treat tuberculosis.1 Isley2 reported on a patient with treated hypothyroidism (euthyroid while taking stable doses of thyroxine) but who again became hypothyroid after receiving rifampin. We now report on three euthyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis who became frankly hypothyroid after the administration of rifampin. A 62-year-old man with recurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was admitted one month before the onset of a productive cough. He had been euthyroid (thyrotropin level, 2.0 to 2.4 mU per liter) but had positive tests for antithyroid antibodies (thyroid peroxidase antibody level, 28 U per milliliter [normal value, <6.7]; . . .
MLH3 Mutation in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Nicholas P. Taylor, Matthew A. Powell, Randall K. Gibb, Janet S. Rader, Phyllis C. Huettner, Stephen N. Thibodeau, David G. Mutch, Paul J. Goodfellow
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

MLH3 is a recently described member of the DNA mismatch repair gene family. Based on its interaction with the MutL homologue MLH1, it was postulated that MLH3 might play a role in tumorigenesis. Germ line and somatic mutations in MLH3 have been identified in a small fraction of colorectal cancers, but the role of MLH3 in colorectal cancer tumorigenesis remains controversial. We investigated MLH3's role in endometrial tumorigenesis through analysis of tumor and germ line DNA from 57 endometrial cancer patients who were at increased risk for having inherited cancer susceptibility. Patients with known MSH2 or MSH6 mutations were excluded as well as those who had MLH1-methylated tumors. Sixteen different variants were identified by single-strand conformational variant analysis. Of the 12 missense changes identified, three were somatic mutations. One patient had a germ line missense variant and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in her tumor specimen. There was no evidence of MLH3 promoter methylation based on combined bisulfite restriction analysis. The identification of inherited missense variants, somatic missense mutations (present in 3 of 57 tumors), and LOH in the tumor from a patient with a germ line missense change suggest a role for MLH3 in endometrial tumorigenesis.
The Role of C-Type and Other Oncogenic Virus Particles in Cancer and Leukemia
Authors: Ludwik Gross
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

During the first half of this century, cancer and allied diseases were generally thought to be caused by a variety of internal, presumably genetic and inherited, factors. The viral theory of cancer and leukemia was in disrepute. During those early years only a few tumors, such as chicken leukemia, chicken sarcoma, mouse mammary carcinoma, frogkidney carcinoma and some of the warts and papillomas in rabbits, dogs, cattle and human beings, were found to be transmissible by filtrates and were therefore believed to be caused by filterable viruses.1 , 2 Gradually, experimental tools became available, among them pedigreed strains of mice, propagation of . . .
In Vivo Gene Transfection of Human Endothelial Cell Nitric Oxide Synthase in Cardiomyocytes Causes Apoptosis-Like Cell Death
Authors: Hiroyuki Kawaguchi, Wee Soo Shin, Yuepeng Wang, Masao Inukai, Masayoshi Kato, Yoko Matsuo-Okai, Aiji Sakamoto, Yoshio Uehara, Yasufumi Kaneda, Teruhiko Toyo-oka
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Nitric oxide (NO) has various actions on the cardiovascular system, although its pathophysiological significance in myocardial cells remains obscure. The aim of the present study was to identify direct NO actions on cardiomyocytes by gene transfection in vivo using a newly developed vector under physiological conditions. Methods and Results Liposomes containing the β-galactosidase (β-gal) gene alone or with the human endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) gene were coated with UV-inactivated Sendai virus and injected into the left ventricular wall of rat heart in vivo. Histological examination confirmed that the transfection efficiency was comparable to adenovirus-mediated transfection and that the new vector per se caused no inflammation. β-Gal expression was confined to cardiomyocytes between two intercalated discs, suggesting that the transfected gene did not permeate the discs. An immunohistochemical study showed that cotransfection of the ecNOS gene induced massive myocardial cell shrinkage in both transfected cells and the adjacent myocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Histochemical findings in shrunk cells coincided with apoptosis as identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling. Electron microscopy of the lesion revealed myofibrillar degradation and accumulation of mitochondria but no apoptotic bodies. Pretreatment with the NOS inhibitor N ω -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester abolished these morphological alterations. Conclusions The efficient expression of the human ecNOS gene in vivo suggests that NO or its toxic metabolite caused myocardial degradation, a part of which was compatible with apoptosis of the transfected cardiomyocytes themselves and the adjacent cells as a paracrine effect. These morphological features mimicked acute myocarditis or ischemic injury.
Spontaneous Abortions in Mongolia Linked to High Air Pollutant Levels
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE EFFECT OF THE PULSE ON THE SPREAD OF SUBSTANCES THROUGH TISSUES
Authors: Philip D. McMaster, Robert J. Parsons
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

The pulsation of blood vessels in the ear of the rabbit greatly increases the rate of the spread of dye introduced into the subcutaneous tissue. The appearance of edema in tissues perfused at a constant pressure leads to very little increase in the rate of dye spread. By contrast, a rapid interstitial spread of dye occurs in tissues becoming edematous while perfused with a pulsatile flow of blood. The significance of these facts is discussed.
Art: DEAD: An End to Conveyor Belt Funerals
Authors: J. Beadle
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Lanternhouse, Ulverston, Cumbria, 29 March to 30 June 2001 (open Wednesday to Sunday excluding 13 and 15 April) Also on the web at http://www.dead.uk.com/

What will the funeral of the future look like? Most of the paraphernalia we have come to associate with funerals today is of Victorian invention and aesthetic. The coffin, the hearse, the black clothes, these are all relics from the 19th century that have seen little reinterpretation. The professionalisation of funerals, and changes in social and family …
Successful resolution of severe perianal ulceration with photochemotherapy (PUVA)
Authors: F. CARABOTT, R.M. VALORI, W.R. BURNHAM, R.D.R. CAMP, J.E. LENNARD-JONES, C. BLAIR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

We report a case of recurrent perianal ulceration associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, but without evidence of underlying disease, that responded to a course of photochemotherapy (PUVA).
Shall We Follow China?
Authors: Bayard Holmes
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Chicago, April 21, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The recent examination for internes at the Cook County Hospital, Chicago, taken in connection with the mania which now prevails in the public schools and in various departments of the so-called civil service, of rating students and men solely by a written examination, reminds one very much of the academic bureaucracy into which China crystallized two thousand years or more ago, and from which it is only to be aroused by dismemberment. It is presumed that the County Hospital Board endeavors to secure the best educated and best trained young men to act as resident physicians in the County Hospital, to the end that the sick poor may receive the best treatment. The qualities which such young men should have might be enumerated as follows: They should be strong and well. They should have the ability to recognize disease, and the more rare
THE OCULAR SYMPTOMS OF AFFECTIONS OF THE ACCESSORY SINUSES OF THE NOSE.
Authors: WILLIAM CAMPBELL POSEY
Journal: JAMA (1905)

A few years ago there were but few specialists in the practice of diseases of the eye who did not combine with the treatment of affections of that organ that of diseases of the throat, nose and ear, also. By reason of the development of each of these several branches of medicine and the increased demands which have been made in consequence on the time and resources of those practicing them, the continuance of this combination of specialties has seemed no longer desirable and physicians are confining themselves more and more to but one subject. While this course is surely to be commended, and while the various departments of medicine will undoubtedly attain their highest development in this way, it should be remembered that the manner in which specialists have divided the body is purely arbitrary and that Nature draws no such lines of limitation, but that each organ has
Reduced cytoplasmic calcium concentration may be both necessary and sufficient for photoreceptor light adaptation
Authors: H. R. Matthews, G. L. Fain
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Light adaptation is modulated almost exclusively by changes in intracellular Ca 2+ concentration, and other Ca 2+ -independent mechanisms are likely to play only a minor role. Changes in Ca 2+ i may be not only necessary for light adaptation to take place but sufficient to cause it.
STUDIES ON EXPERIMENTAL PNEUMONIA
Authors: Russell L. Cecil, Francis G. Blake
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1920)

1. The subcutaneous injection of small doses of living virulent Pneumococcus Type I stimulates in monkeys a degree of active immunity sufficient to protect them against experimental pneumococcus pneumonia of homologous type. 2. The subcutaneous injection of living avirulent Pneumococcus Type I, if administered in a sufficiently large dose, likewise renders the monkey immune to a subsequent pneumonia of homologous type. 3. Vaccination of monkeys with small doses of living virulent pneumococci may or may not be followed by a severe constitutional reaction, depending on the natural resistance of the individual. The severe reactions are caused by the development of a pneumococcus septicemia. which is either temporary, or leads to a fatal termination. The mild reactions are not accompanied by septicemia, and there are no symptoms other than a slight elevation of temperature and moderate leucocytosis. Vaccination with living avirulent pneumococci does not induce severe reactions and is not accompanied by pneumococcus septicemia. 4. Active immunity against pneumococcus pneumonia, produced by vaccination with living pneumococci, appears to be largely independent of the presence or absence of agglutinins and protective bodies in the serum of the monkey. 5. Vaccination with living cultures of Pneumococcus Type I confers against other types of pneumococci a certain amount of cross-immunity which, however, varies considerably with the individual monkey. 6. immunity against pneumococcus, like other forms of immunity, is a relative term, and depends upon the capacity of the individual for antibody production, the virulence of the invading microorganism, and the size of the dose injected.
Linking Payment for Care to Informed Consent
Authors: John R. Bierly
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The article by Mr Kapp<sup>1</sup>and the accompanying editorial by Faden<sup>2</sup>in the April 7 issue of<i>JAMA</i>deserve comment. Once again, we find nonphysicians making policy statements regarding the dynamics between physicians and patients for which they have no empirical data and little practical experience. In this case, proposed interventions by Mr Kapp center on the process of informed consent. He contends that patients unnecessarily undergo life-sustaining procedures against their will without adequate informed consent. Furthermore, he believes that coupling reimbursement for these services to informed consent will preserve patient autonomy and may have a "salutary" effect of financial savings to third-party payers. Perhaps it is a result of having trained in a highly litigious atmosphere such as New York, but in my clinical experience virtually all medical services rendered in life-sustaining situations are in the setting of informed consent. Imposition of proposed regulations
Ageing of human epidermis: the role of apoptosis, Fas and telomerase
Authors: A. Gilhar, Y. Ullmann, R. Karry, R. Shalaginov, B. Assy, S. Serafimovich, R.S. Kalish
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Aged human epidermis is characterized by morphological changes including flattening of the dermal-epidermal junction and a decrease in thickness.To determine the roles of proliferation, apoptosis, Fas (CD95), Fas ligand (FasL) and telomerase in changes of human epidermis during ageing.Human epidermis from aged subjects (n = 14; mean age 70.7 years) and young subjects (n = 14; mean age 23.4 years) was studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labelling assay for apoptotic cells and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to determine epidermal thickness, proliferation (Ki-67), apoptosis, expression of Fas and FasL, and telomerase activity.Aged skin was associated with thinning of the epidermis, decreased proliferation, and increased apoptosis below the granular layer. This was associated with increased epidermal expression of Fas and FasL. Telomerase activity was similar in aged and young epidermis.Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis, along with decreased proliferation, may have a role in changes of human epidermis during ageing. Telomerase activity did not appear to be limiting in young vs. old human epidermis.
NURSING-ADMINISTERED, PROCEDURALIST-DIRECTED PROPOFOL USE: A SAFE AND EFFECTIVE SEDATION OPTION IN DEFIBRILLATOR IMPLANTATION
Authors: Sameh Sayfo, Kairav P. Vakil, Ahmad M. Alqaqa’a, Helen L. Flippin, Miriam R. Groh, Deepak Bhakta, Anil Yadav, Mithilesh K. Das, John C. Lopshire, John M. Miller, William J. Groh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Comparison of intravenous and oral high-dose methotrexate in treatment of solid tumours.
Authors: N Christophidis, F J Vajda, I Lucas, W J Moon, W J Louis
Journal: BMJ (1979)

An outpatient regimen of oral high-dose methotrexate was studied in 14 patients with solid tumours over 12 months. Detailed pharmacokinetic analysis in five patients showed high oral bioavailability (mean +/- SE of mean 87.6 +/- 1.5%), indicating that with this regimen oral methotrexate was well absorbed and the first-pass effect low. Oral administration resulted in peak plasma methotrexate concentrations of 8.4 +/- 0.5 mumol/l (382 +/- 23 microgram/100 ml) and was almost as effective as intravenous administration, which achieved peak concentrations of 9.9 +/- 0.4 mumol/l (450 +/- 18 microgram/100 ml). In all 14 patients the clinical response to oral treatment was comparable to that reported to intravenous administration of high-dose methotrexate used in combination with other cytotoxic drugs. The disease-free interval in cases of adult sarcoma was 7.4 +/- 1.3 months and the relapse rate 29%. Out of four patients with small-cell carcinoma, two showed an objective response to oral treatment. We suggest that oral high-dose methotrexate given in divided doses is a rational alternative to expensive intravenous high-dose methotrexate regimens, but further clinical evaluation is necessary.
468 Evidence for high rates of HCV and HBV related mortality in FRANCE: A large-scale national survey
Authors: P. Marcellin, E. Pequignot, E. Delarocque-Astagneau, N. Ganne, P. Hillon, M. Bovet, M. Mechain, D. Antona, T. Asselah, J.C. Desenclos, E. Jougla
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Biosynthesis of electron transfer flavoprotein in a cell-free system and in cultured human fibroblasts. Defect in the alpha subunit synthesis is a primary lesion in glutaric aciduria type II.
Authors: Y Ikeda, S M Keese, K Tanaka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We investigated the biosynthesis of electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) in a cell-free system. Both alpha-(alpha-ETF, 32,000 molecular weight [mol wt]) and beta-subunits (beta-ETF, 27,000 mol wt) were nuclear-coded, and synthesized in the cytosol. alpha-ETF was synthesized as a precursor (p alpha-ETF), 3,000 mol wt larger than its mature counterpart, and was translocated into the mitochondria and processed to the mature alpha-ETF. The newly synthesized beta-ETF was the same as the mature beta-ETF. Using [35S]methionine labeling, we also studied the biosynthesis in cultured normal human fibroblasts. p alpha-ETF was detected when the cells were labeled in the presence of dinitrophenol or rhodamine 6G. Among six glutaric aciduria type II (GAII) and two ethylmalonic-adipic aciduria cell lines, defective p alpha-ETF synthesis was observed in three GAII cell lines, and beta-ETF synthesis was normal. In one of them, no p alpha-ETF was synthesized at all, while in another, a faint p alpha-ETF band of normal size was detected, and was efficiently processed. In the third line, alpha-EFT was 1,000 mol wt smaller than the normal counterpart, both as the precursor and as the mature form.