tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of non-pulsatile renal blood flow on plasma erythropoietin
Authors: Brian Krafte-Jacobs
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Erythropoietin is a hormone responsible for regulation of red blood cell production. Circulating erythropoietin values are regulated by renal oxygen supply, which is determined by hemoglobin concentration, hemoglobin oxygen saturation, and renal blood flow. Previous animal and human studies regarding erythropoietin regulation have assumed pulsatile renal blood flow. During cardiopulmonary bypass, non-pulsatile renal perfusion has been shown to result in decreased glomerular filtration rate and decreased renal blood flow in comparison to pulsatile perfusion. Repair of congenital heart disease during cardiopulmonary bypass is an attractive circumstance in which to study the effect of non-pulsatile blood flow on erythropoietin production. The hypothesis in this study was that non-pulsatile perfusion would result in increased erythropoietin production because of decreased renal oxygen supply. Fourteen children with congenital heart disease and without preoperative renal insufficiency or anemia were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent cardiopulmonary bypass with non-pulsatile flow. In addition, 10 control patients without congenital heart disease were enrolled. Six cardiopulmonary bypass patients had 1.5- to 6-fold increases in plasma erythropoietin concentrations from baseline. These patients had longer cardiopulmonary bypass times, more commonly performed under low flow deep hypothermic conditions. The remaining 8 patients with congenital heart disease, and all control patients, did not develop increased postoperative erythropoietin concentrations. The conditions under which cardiopulmonary bypass are performed appear to influence postoperative circulating erythropoietin concentrations. Am. J. Hematol. 57:144–147, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Novel surface antigen expressed on dividing cells but absent from nondividing cells.
Authors: W Judd, C A Poodry, J L Strominger
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

Radioimmunoprecipitation followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to study the distribution on human lymphoid cells of a previously undescribed surface antigen recognized by several heteroantisera. A glycoprotein with a 90,000 mol wt (under reducing conditions) was detected on all cell lines tested including T, B, null, and myeloid cell lines, although the amount of antigen present varied considerably. The antigen was absent from normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), B and T cells, monocytes, granulocytes, thymocytes, and erythrocytes. After stimulation with lectins or allogeneic B cells, the antigen was induced on PBL T cells. A limited number of leukemic T cells tested all expressed the antigen, as did melanoma cell line and human embryonic lung fibroblasts. Hence, the antigen was present only on dividing lymphoid cells and absent from nondividing cells, but was also present on the two examples of dividing non-lymphoid cells tested. Under nonreducing conditions, the 90,000-mol wt band normally present disappeared to be replaced by another at approximately 200,000 mol wt. The glycoprotein bound to lectins from lentil and ricin, but not to wheat germ agglutinin. It could be readily labeled metabolically by [35S]methionine or by surface iodination, and appeared to be a major membrane protein on some cell lines.
ADDENBROOKE'S HOSPITAL, CAMBRIDGE. THREE CASES OF STRICTURE OF THE RECTUM TREATED BY INCISION
Authors: G. M. Humphry
Journal: BMJ (1856)

CAsI i. W. H., aged 30, a healthy looking man, was ad- mitted Dec. 17th, 1852, with the usual symptoms of stric- ture of the rectum.Of these the chief was great difficulty in passing motions, which were never larger than a tobacco- pipe.Sometimes they were loose; at others, nothing passed without the aid of medicine.The stricture was situated about two inches from the anus, with a sharply defined edge encircling a narrow orifice that would not ad- mit the tip of the finger.Several warty exerescences sur- rounded the verge.There was a fistulous opening in the perineaum, discharging feculent matter; and the presence
Discourse as Rock Formation— Fruitcake as Professionalism
Authors: Karen Anijar
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2004)

Twelve years ago cultural theorist L. Grossberg (1992) wrote a theory surrounding  rock formation (as in rock 'n' roll). What initially might seem to be an oppositional genre of expression is modified in order to gain wider acceptance, usurping libidinal and affective qualities for hegemonic purposes. I often speak about educational reforms as fruitcake. I believe that there are only a few Christmas fruitcakes in the world. Every year somebody somewhere (perhaps you) receives one of the fruitcakes as a gift. The next year you take the fruitcake out of storage, rewrap and send it on to someone else. But, no matter how you repackage it, it is still the same fruitcake.
Propranolol Does Not Prevent Thyroid Storm
Authors: Margareta Eriksson, Sheldon Rubenfeld, Alan J. Garber, Peter O. Kohler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Propranolol is useful in the management of the cardiovascular and neuromuscular problems occurring in hyperthyroid patients.1 , 2 Propranolol has been used as the sole drug in preparation of patients for thyroidectomy,3 , 4 in the treatment of pregnant thyrotoxic patients5 6 7 and in neonatal thyrotoxicosis.8 Thyroid storm in both the adult9 and the child10 has been managed with propranolol in conjunction with specific antithyroid therapy.It has been assumed that propranolol will prevent thyroid storm.11 In the two patients described below, thyroid storm developed on seemingly adequate propranolol therapy for thyrotoxicosis.Case ReportCase 1. A 24-year-old Mexican-American woman was admitted to Ben Taub . . .
HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma without cirrhosis
Authors: Amany El-Refaie, Kay Savage, Satyajit Bhattacharya, Salim Khakoo, Tim J. Harrison, Mohamed El-Batanony, El-Sayed Soliman, Safaa Nasr, Nadia Mokhtar, Kawther Amer, Peter J. Scheuer, Amer Paul Dhillon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)
Very Early Risk Stratification Using Combined ECG and Biochemical Assessment in Patients With Unstable Coronary Artery Disease (A Thrombin Inhibition in Myocardial Ischemia [TRIM] Substudy)
Authors: Lene Holmvang, Michael S. Lüscher, Peter Clemmensen, Kristian Thygesen, Peer Grande
Journal: Circulation (1998)

The diagnostic capability of troponin T (TnT), troponin I (TnI), myoglobin, and creatine kinase (CK)-MB mass for detection of myocardial injury seems evident. Newer studies have found these sensitive markers to carry independent prognostic information in patients with unstable coronary artery disease as well. ST-segment depression in the admission ECG is known to be an important indicator of poor outcome in these patients. The present study investigates the prognostic capacities of the ECG in combination with biochemical admission measurements in 516 patients admitted to hospital with unstable coronary artery disease.Baseline ECG recordings and blood samples were collected for central analysis. The patients were followed up for 30 days, and predefined end points, ie, death, myocardial infarction, and refractory angina, were registered as end points. By univariate analysis, ST-segment depression, inverted T waves in >/=5 leads, TnT >/=0.1 microg/L, TnI >/=0.5 microg/L, myoglobin >/=40 microg/L, female sex, and age >/=65 years were predictors of death and myocardial infarction at 30 days. By multivariate analysis, female sex, ST-segment depression at randomization, or inverted T-waves in >/=5 leads were the only independent predictors of death or myocardial infarction. On the basis of baseline ECG ST-T changes and CK-MB mass/TnT/TnI/myoglobin levels, the patients were divided into 3 subgroups at high (14% event rate), intermediate (6%), and low (3%) risk of early death/myocardial infarction.The present study found the combination of baseline values of TnT, TnI, CK-MB mass, and ST-T changes in the ECG to be effective for early risk stratification in patients with unstable coronary artery disease.
Clinico-Pathological Discrepancies in the Diagnosis of Causes of Maternal Death in Sub-Saharan Africa: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Jaume Ordi, Mamudo R Ismail, Carla Carrilho, Cleofé Romagosa, Nafissa Osman, Fernanda Machungo, Josep A Bombí, Juan Balasch, Pedro L Alonso, Clara Menéndez
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

Background Maternal mortality is a major public-health problem in developing countries. Extreme differences in maternal mortality rates between developed and developing countries indicate that most of these deaths are preventable. Most information on the causes of maternal death in these areas is based on clinical records and verbal autopsies. Clinical diagnostic errors may play a significant role in this problem and might also have major implications for the evaluation of current estimations of causes of maternal death. Methods and Findings A retrospective analysis of clinico-pathologic correlation was carried out, using necropsy as the gold standard for diagnosis. All maternal autopsies (n = 139) during the period from October 2002 to December 2004 at the Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique were included and major diagnostic discrepancies were analyzed (i.e., those involving the cause of death). Major diagnostic errors were detected in 56 (40.3%) maternal deaths. A high rate of false negative diagnoses was observed for infectious diseases, which showed sensitivities under 50%: HIV/AIDS-related conditions (33.3%), pyogenic bronchopneumonia (35.3%), pyogenic meningitis (40.0%), and puerperal septicemia (50.0%). Eclampsia, was the main source of false positive diagnoses, showing a low predictive positive value (42.9%). Conclusions Clinico-pathological discrepancies may have a significant impact on maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and question the validity of reports based on clinical data or verbal autopsies. Increasing clinical awareness of the impact of obstetric and nonobstetric infections with their inclusion in the differential diagnosis, together with a thorough evaluation of cases clinically thought to be eclampsia, could have a significant impact on the reduction of maternal mortality.
Protein C and S Response to Danacrine in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: WILBERT J. HENKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1988Protein C and S Response to Danacrine in End-Stage Renal DiseaseWILBERT J. HENKE, M.D.WILBERT J. HENKE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-6-910_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Patients having chronic hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease have an increased incidence of thromboembolic complications. Various factors may contribute to this problem, including trauma (shunts), multiple venous and arterial punctures, prolonged inactivity, and low levels of natural anticoagulants (1-4).An 82-year-old woman who had been on hemodialysis for 5 years because of end-stage renal disease presented with a hypercoagulable state. Her Gortex shunt clotted five times at 5-day intervals. Treatment with thrombokinase and heparin failed to control the problem. The natural anticoagulant concentrations were antithrombin III, 92%; protein C, 45%; and free protein S, 81%.The patient...References1. BRANDTJESPERSENSOLRENSEN PJL. Antithrombin III and platelets in haemodialysis patients. Nephron. 1981;28:1-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. JORGENSENERIKSENTRANEBJAERG MHL. Plasma antithrombin III concentration in patients on regular haemodialysis treatment. Nephron. 1985;40:22-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WOOWEILEELAULIM HSEYC. Effects of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis on antithrombin III and platelets. Nephron. 1985;40:25-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ALEGREVINCENTEGONZALEZALBERCA AVRI. Effect of hemodialysis on Protein C levels. Nephron. 1987;46:386-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. GONZALEZALBERCASALAVINCENTE RINV. Protein C deficiency—response to danazol and DDAVP. Thromb Haemost. 1985;53:320-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Paul, MN 55116 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByFatal Tumor Thrombosis Due to an Inferior Vena Cava Leiomyosarcoma in a Patient With Antiphospholipid Antibody SyndromeEFFICACY OF DANAZOL IN A PATIENT WITH CONGENITAL PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY: PARADOXICAL EVIDENCE FOR DECREASED PLATELET ACTIVATION WITH INCREASED THROMBIN GENERATIONVariations of protein C in uremic hemodialysed patientsSevere Clotting During Extracorporeal Dialysis ProceduresA 31-Year-Old Female with Hypercoagulability 1 June 1988Volume 108, Issue 6Page: 910-910KeywordsAnticoagulantsAttentionHeparinProteinsRenal failure Issue Published: 1 June 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Endosonographic Diagnosis of an Esophageal Duplication Cyst
Authors: M. S. Bhutani, B. J. Hoffman, C. Reed
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

A patient with an esophageal duplication cyst who presented with dysphagia is described here. The diagnosis was accurately made preoperatively by endosonography due to the demonstration of contiguity of the muscularis propria of the esophagus with the muscle layer of the cyst wall. Endoscopic ultrasound is the most reliable nonsurgical method for the diagnosis of this lesion, assisting in surgical planning in symptomatic patients and observation in asymptomatic ones.
Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients
Authors: Regina Corbalán, Nicolas Chatauret, Sönke Behrends, Roger F. Butterworth, Vicente Felipo
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Modulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) by nitric oxide (NO) is altered in brain from experimental animals with hyperammonemia with or without liver failure. The aim of this work was to assess the content and modulation of sGC in brain in chronic liver failure in humans. Expression of the α-1, α-2, and β-1 subunits of sGC was measured by immunoblotting in autopsied frontal cortex and cerebellum from cirrhotic patients and controls. The contents of α-1 and α-2 subunits of guanylate cyclase was increased both in cortex and cerebellum, whereas the β-1 subunit was not affected. Addition of the NO-generating agent S -nitroso- N -acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) to homogenates of frontal cortex from controls increased the activity of sGC 87-fold, whereas, in homogenates from cirrhotic patients, the increase was significantly higher (183-fold). In contrast, in cerebellum, activation of guanylate cyclase by NO was significantly lower in patients (156-fold) than in controls (248-fold). A similar regional difference was found in rats with portacaval anastomosis. In conclusion, these findings show that the NO-guanylate cyclase signal transduction pathway is strongly altered in brain in patients with chronic liver failure and that the effects are different in different brain areas. Given that activation of sGC by NO in brain is involved in the modulation of important cerebral processes such as intercellular communication, learning and memory, and the sleep-wake cycle, these changes could be implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in these patients.
Cancer centre at "breaking point"
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2001)

An urgent report has been demanded into the running of Scotland's biggest cancer treatment centre after the resignation of three consultants and claims that the service is at breaking point.

Medical staff at the Beatson Oncology Centre in Glasgow, which treats 60% of all cancer cases in Scotland, have been concerned for some time that the rise in workload has not been matched by an increase in resources. Although the Royal College of Radiologists recommends that consultant oncologists should only see 315 new patients a year, some of the oncologists at the Beatson …
Limits of Simplicity
Authors: Bernhard C. Pestalozzi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

TO THE EDITOR: Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE) is a time-honored term in clinical oncology that has found its way into textbooks and public dictionaries. It accurately describes a typical adverse effect of continuous-infusion fluorouracil, oral capecitabine, and other cytotoxic anticancer agents. With time, the descriptive term PPE has been replaced with the term hand-foot syndrome (HFS), which is preferred for its simplicity. With the advent of the multikinase inhibitors sunitinib and sorafenib, a new type of dermatologic toxicity has been recognized. It consists of callosities (thickened callous skin) that are usually in patchy distribution on palms and soles, mostly located where skin is subjected to particular pressure or strain (heel, ball, or above joints), often painful, and sometimes ulcerated or blistering. This type of dermatitis has been called hand-foot-skin reaction (HFSR). Unfortunately, HFSR is being confused with HFS. Many oncologists have become negligent in this respect, calling any toxic dermatitis on the palms and soles HFS. This is clearly an undue medical simplification because the dermatitis induced by capecitabine is clearly different from the dermatitis induced by sunitinib or sorafenib both clinically and histologically and, most importantly, requires different dermatologic treatment. Dermatologists should help us distinguish the two conditions, perhaps by using time-honored descriptive terms such as PPE. What then could be a descriptive term for HFSR? Should we call it palmar-plantar patchy callosities (PPPC)? Maybe you have a better idea.
Long-term follow-up of a patient with idiopathic myelofibrosis associated with chromosome 11 and 13 abnormalities
Authors: Tomomi Toubai, Junji Tanaka, Toshio Higa, Shuichi Ota, Makoto Ibata, Yusuke Shono, Shinobu Mashiko, Yoko Miura, Shintaro Umehara, Kaoru Kahata, Nobuyasu Toyoshima, Masanobu Morioka, Masahiro Asaka, Masaharu Kasai, Masahiro Imamura
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

A case of a leukemic transformation following a 27-year history of idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) is presented. The patient had two chromosomal abnormalities: a deletion of chromosome 13, del 13(q12q14), and a deletion of chromosome 11, del 11(q14q23). This patient's final diagnosis was acute micromegakaryocytic leukemia, and she died 1 month after leukemic transformation with an additional chromosomal abnormality, trisomy 8. IMF with myeloid metaplasia associated with deletion of the long arms of chromosomes 11 and 13 has not been previously reported. We speculate that the leukemic transformation in this patient was associated with chromosomal abnormalities del 11 and trisomy 8. Am. J. Hematol. 78:67–70, 2005. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Surgery for the Complications of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Alan T. Marty
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Many cardiac surgeons live life as a procession of exquisitely shaped moments: the thrill of seeing a motionless heart revive itself, the drama of another successful weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. "To burn always with this hard, gemlike flame," however, is all too often made difficult when one operates on patients with complicated myocardial infarctions. Suddenly, the surgeon loses his customary control of relevant variables, as he confronts "reflow injury" in this setting, and other fascinating biologic paradoxes. This book helps to chart these waters by promoting a thorough understanding of pathology, physiology, and pharmacology as they relate to patients with complications of myocardial infarction. Other important issues, such as when and whether ischemic mitral regurgitation can be corrected without valve repair or replacement, are serially addressed. Several pioneers detail the surgical management of postinfarction ventricular septal defect and ventricular aneurysms. Regarding the latter, two methods of repairing an aneurysm that
Food intolerance and Crohn's disease.
Authors: A M Riordan, J T Rucker, G A Kirby, J O Hunter
Journal: Gut (1994)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Human PSC (hPSC) differentiations can capture developmental phenotypes and processes and are useful for studying fundamental biological mechanisms driving tissue morphogenesis and cell lineage development. Here, we show for the first time the temporal development of lung cell lineages using hPSC that model developmental milestones observed in primary tissue, the generation of renewable fetal lung epithelial organoids, and the functional utility of the lung models at different differentiation stages for Cystic fibrosis disease modeling. We first show the presence of hPSC-derived lung progenitor cells reminiscent of early trimester lung development and can capture a population enriched with basal stem cells that generates renewable airway organoids. Maturation and polarization in air liquid interface (ALI) generates additional epithelial cell lineages found in adult lung tissues including pulmonary neuroendocrine, brush, mature basal, ciliated and secretory cell types. Finally, pseudotime analysis of the integrated datasets from the fetal and ALI stages reveal the developmental trajectories of the cells as they emerge during differentiation. Overall, hPSC differentiation can capture aspects of human lung development and potentially provide important insight into congenital causes of diseases.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Auditory Canal Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Rebecca J. Mueller, Alan Siegel, Marc Seltzer, Timothy A. McKnight
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 24-year-old woman presented with recurrent bilateral ear infections since childhood and a more recent history of partial hearing loss, discharge, and ear pain. Biopsy of the left external auditory canal revealed Langerhans cell histiocytosis. An 18F-FDG PET/CT was done to look for additional sites of disease. Increased metabolic activity was seen within both external ear canals.
Audit of Cancer and Leukemia Group B Data
Authors: William C. Wood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: One of the cases reported in our paper “Dose and Dose Intensity of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage II, Node-Positive Breast Carcinoma” (May 5 issue)1 came from St. Mary's Hospital in Montreal, an institution that is reported to have provided false information to the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project. The Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) audited data from this hospital on April 13 and 14, 1994. As part of this audit, the primary data on the case reported in the CALGB 8541 trial were carefully reviewed and compared with the research record. Although we are . . .