tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Courage to Skip Mu
Authors: JACK M. BATSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 January 1972Courage to Skip MuJACK M. BATSON, M.D.JACK M. BATSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-1-146_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: "Readers, Scanners, and Shirkers," on page 406 of the September issue . . . gives me courage enough to skip certain articles that are far afield from the practice of internal medicine. A case in point is the article on page 407, . . . "Mu-Chain Disease." Indeed, I wonder if anyone who read . . . page 406 took the time to read the [facing] article . . .?... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 413 Mid-State Medical Center Nashville, Tenn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1972Volume 76, Issue 1Page: 146-146 Issue Published: 1 January 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prematurity and neonatal death.
Authors: J Hunter, J Davies
Journal: BMJ (1976)

lowest saralasin infusion rate.At the higher in- fusion rates blood pressure decreased continuously to a minimum of 75/55 mm Hg at the end of the infusion period.At that moment the patient felt seriously ill, had a pale complexion, and vomited several times.After the infusion was stopped the blood pressure reached its preinfusion level within 30 min.Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured at the beginning and the end of each infusion (see table ).PRA (,ug'l 3 h) BeforeAfter saralasin saralasinModerate sodium intake 10 6 3 After six days' chlorthalidone 100 mg, day 40 > 125The findings in this patient show firstly that saralasin infusion may lead to a potentially hazardous initial rise in blood pressure when PRA is low, as has been demonstrated by others,2 and secondly that saralasin infused after severe sodium depletion with chlor- thiazide diuretics and vigorously stimulated PRA may cause severe hypotension even at low-dose infusion rates.
The Three-Chambered Heart
Authors: Carol Bender
Journal: JAMA (1970)

WHO WILL SAY I am mad? It was all in the interest of science, was it not? But let me tell you the whole story. It is impossible to say when the idea first came to me. I did not envy the venerable doctor his reputation, nor his wealth. It was his three-chambered heart, so well preserved in a bottle by his bed, that haunted me. I felt a mitral insufficiency in its presence, and I longed to own it. Yes, you fancy me mad. But I was so cautious, so intelligent. The radio played "Maladie de Roger" softly. I took my truncus arteriosus and proceeded quietly to the old man's room. I stood under the double aortic arch and shook my arteriovenous fistula. He never suspected that I was watching as he slept. Every night for a week I watched, never moving. On the eighth night, I dropped my
The Contribution of Peptide-MHC Affinity to the Efficacy of Peptide Immunotherapy in a Murine Model of Allergic Airways Disease
Authors: Daniel M. Moldaver, Tarandeep Singh, Melissa Babra, Christopher Rudulier, Mantej S. Bharhani, Jennifer Wattie, Marianne van Hage, Mark D. Inman, Mark Larché
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Grasping-forceps-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection using a novel irrigation cap-knife for large superficial early gastric cancer
Authors: K. Kume, M. Yamasaki, I. Yoshikawa, M. Otsuki
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

The technique of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) needs special skills and involves a long procedure. We therefore developed a new type of dissection knife, the irrigation cap-knife (the Kume cap-knife attachment, which uses a fixed snare), that facilitates ESD by just sliding over the muscle layer with a coagulating current. The ESD procedure using the irrigation cap-knife was performed in seven patients with intramucosal gastric cancer. The tumor was separated from the surrounding normal mucosa using the insulated-tip knife. Submucosal dissection was then performed by pushing our device along the muscle layer while applying a coagulating current, at the same time as a grasping forceps, deployed through the accessory channel, was used to push the lesion away from the muscle layer. The rate of en bloc resection was 100 % (7/7). The irrigating cap-knife was extremely useful for ESD of large intramucosal cancers in the stomach.
Abstract 1091: ShcA-mediated ERK signaling contributes to the tumor-promoting activity of TGF-beta in the presence of mutant p53
Authors: Shu Lin, Lan Yu, Junhua Yang, Lu-Zhe Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling has been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis at the early stage and promote metastasis at the late stage. However, biomarkers for identifying the complicated molecular alterations mediating the switch of TGF-β from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter still remain obscure. Published studies have shown that the presence of mutated tumor p53 can switch TGF-β to becoming tumor-promoting. However, we found that in the p53-null PC-3 prostate cancer cell line, the ectopic expression of the mutant p53 R175H (mp53) enhanced the Smad-dependent signaling, but inhibited TGF-β-induced cell migration by downregulating the active ERK. Since TGF-β is known to activate MAPK/ERK pathway to induce cell migration, EMT and survival through direct phosphorylation of adaptor protein ShcA isoform p52, we investigated how the expression of the mp53 inhibited ERK activation. We found that the expression of mp53 led to downregulation of phospho-p52ShcA and upregulation of ERK antagonist p66ShcA isoform. Interestingly, we found partial depletion of p52ShcA by using siRNA enhanced the TGF-β/Smad signaling and inhibited the TGF-β/ERK signaling in PC-3 cells and spontaneously immortalized and non-tumorigenic human mammary epithelial MCF-10A cell line, suggesting ShcA may act as an additional switcher of the TGF-β. Furthermore, reactivation of ERK by the expression of its activator, MEK1, restored active ERK level and TGF-β-induced cell migration in PC-3/mp53 cell. Those findings show that mp53 expression alone is not sufficient to promote the malignant phenotype of TGF-β in certain cells and the cooperation of mp53 and ShcA-mediated ERK signaling may switch TGF-β to be a tumor promoter. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1091. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1091
Effects of phthalic acid esters on the liver and thyroid.
Authors: R H Hinton, F E Mitchell, A Mann, D Chescoe, S C Price, A Nunn, P Grasso, J W Bridges
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The effects, over periods from 3 days to 9 months of administration, of diets containing di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate are very similar to those observed in rats administered diets containing hypolipidemic drugs such as clofibrate. Changes occur in a characteristic order commencing with alterations in the distribution of lipid within the liver, quickly followed by proliferation of hepatic peroxisomes and induction of the specialized P-450 isoenzyme(s) catalyzing omega oxidation of fatty acids. There follows a phase of mild liver damage indicated by induction of glucose-6-phosphatase activity and a loss of glycogen, eventually leading to the formation of enlarged lysosomes through autophagy and the accumulation of lipofuscin. Associated changes are found in the kidney and thyroid. The renal changes are limited to the proximal convoluted tubules and are generally similar to changes found in the liver. The effects on the thyroid are more marked. Although the levels of thyroxine in plasma fail to about half normal values, serum triiodothyronine remains close to normal values while the appearance of the thyroid varies, very marked hyperactivity being noted 7 days after commencement of treatment, this is less marked at 14 days, but even after 9 months treatment there is clear cut evidence for hyperactivity with colloid changes which indicate this has persisted for some time. Straight chain analogs of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-n-hexyl phthalate and di-n-oxtyl phthalate differ entirely in their short-term effects on the liver and kidney but have similar effects on the thyroid. The short-term in vivo hepatic effects of the three phthalate esters can be reproduced in hepatocytes in tissue culture. All three phthalate esters, as well as clofibrate, have early marked effects on the metabolism of fatty acids in isolated hepatocytes. The nature of these changes is such as to increase storage of lipid in the liver. A hypothesis is presented to explain the progress from these initial metabolic effects to the final formation of liver tumors.
Thyroid C-Cell Hyperplasia Shown by Combined In-111 Pentetreotide, Tc-99m Pertechnetate, and Tc-99m MIBI Scintigraphy
Authors: Diego Cecchin, Franco Lumachi, Filippo Marino, Roberto Stramare, Umberto Basso, Gaia Grassetto, Franco Bui
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A patient with a previous diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma presented with increased chromogranin A. In-111 pentetreotide whole body scan revealed an area of intense homogeneous uptake in the right thyroid lobe. A “cold” area, corresponding to the nodule was detected by Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy (PTS). Two US-guided FNA biopsies indicated that the lesion was benign, whereas it appeared to have a malignant potential in functional imaging studies. Tc-99m Sestamibi thyroid scintigraphy was indicative of cellularity increasing the likelihood of malignancy. Calcitonin-specific stain on the removed nodule revealed some strongly-stained parafollicular elements. Final diagnosis was neoplastic C-cell hyperplasia, which is thought to precede sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma.
CD4+ Lymphocytes Are an Incomplete Surrogate Marker for Clinical Progression in Persons with Asymptomatic HIV Infection Taking Zidovudine
Authors: Sungsub Choi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: To determine the extent to which lymphocytes, particularly those with the CD4 surface antigen, are a surrogate marker for the development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in persons with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Design: Analysis of data from the AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 019, a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial. Setting: University-based referral centers. Patients: Asymptomatic HIV-infected patients with 500 or fewer CD4+ cells/mm3 at baseline who were given placebo (350 patients) or one of two daily doses of zidovudine (725 patients). Measurements: Baseline and interim measurements of CD4+ and other leukocytes were assessed. Patients were followed for progression to AIDS. Results: Patients' lymphocyte levels were correlated with progression to AIDS (P < 0.001; relative risk for each depletion of 50 CD4+ cells/mm3, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.53 to 2.01); however, only a small portion (0% to 37%) of the effect of zidovudine on this progression was statistically explained by its effect on CD4+ lymphocyte levels. A substantial portion of zidovudine's effect on delaying progression to AIDS that was independent of the levels of these markers occurred within the first 16 weeks of therapy. In patients who had not progressed to AIDS by week 16, most of the subsequent zidovudine effect in reducing the risk for progression could be explained by its effect on net CD4+ percent (percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes among all leukocytes) for the first 16 weeks of therapy. Conclusion: Levels of CD4+ lymphocytes are an incomplete surrogate marker for progression to AIDS, and the association is especially weak during the first 16 weeks of zidovudine therapy.
Airways insufficiency and pituitary failure.
Authors: S G Barber
Journal: BMJ (1979)

These observations do not detract from the interesting points made by Verbeelen and Fuss with more modern methods, especially the induction of hypercalcaemia on oestrogen withdrawal, as well as of hypocalqaemia on oestrogen administration.They merely indi- cate that the latter phenomenon is a perennial one.
Transient ischemic attacks, asymptomatic bruits, and carotid endarterectomy
Authors: F. Jarrett
Journal: JAMA (1978)

For most of the time since the Greeks coined the word<i>apoplexia</i>(to strike down), it was generally believed that strokes were caused by intracranial vascular accidents that could not be prevented. Recently, we have come to appreciate that lesions of extracranial arteries may cause strokes, and that the stroke itself may be preceded by focal attacks of cerebral or retinal ischemia that are arbitrarily called transient if they persist for less than 24 hours. Nevertheless, there persists a certain amount of misunderstanding and insouciance regarding the evaluation of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Most carotid TIAs are caused by emboli, and most of these originate from ulcerated plaques at the carotid bifurcation. Neither evaluation of lipid and endocrine factors nor further screening by noninvasive studies as a prelude to arteriography is relevant, a recent<i>JAMA</i>editorial notwithstanding.<sup>1</sup>Prompt arteriography is mandatory in patients with TIAs since the decision on
Acquired Immunity to Blood Transfusion Reactions: A New Phenomenon
Authors: J. J. Wolfe, C. E. D. Gupta
Journal: BMJ (1941)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Short-term forecasts of infectious disease can aid situational awareness and planning for outbreak response. Here, we report on multi-model forecasts of Covid-19 in the UK that were generated at regular intervals starting at the end of March 2020, in order to monitor expected healthcare utilisation and population impacts in real time. <h3>Methods</h3> We evaluated the performance of individual model forecasts generated between 24 March and 14 July 2020, using a variety of metrics including the weighted interval score as well as metrics that assess the calibration, sharpness, bias and absolute error of forecasts separately. We further combined the predictions from individual models into ensemble forecasts using a simple mean as well as a quantile regression average that aimed to maximise performance. We compared model performance to a null model of no change. <h3>Results</h3> In most cases, individual models performed better than the null model, and ensembles models were well calibrated and performed comparatively to the best individual models. The quantile regression average did not noticeably outperform the mean ensemble. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Ensembles of multi-model forecasts can inform the policy response to the Covid-19 pandemic by assessing future resource needs and expected population impact of morbidity and mortality.
NON-INVASIVE RISK STRATIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY USING CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Mohamad Ghosn, Patrick Green, Kongkiat Chaikriangkrai, Itamar Birnbaum, Sherif Nagueh, Miguel Quinones, William Zoghbi, Dipan Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
In vitro re-endothelialization of detergent decellularized heart valves under simulated physiological dynamic conditions
Authors: Artur Lichtenberg, Igor Tudorache, Serghei Cebotari, Stefanie Ringes-Lichtenberg, Gerrit Sturz, Klaus Hoeffler, Christof Hurscheler, Gudrun Brandes, Andres Hilfiker, Axel Haverich
Journal: Biomaterials (2006)

The production of viable biological heart valves is of central interest in tissue engineering (TE). The aim of this study was to generate decellularized heart valves with an intact ultra-structure and to repopulate these with endothelial cells (EC) under simulated physiological conditions. Decellularization of ovine pulmonary valve conduits was performed under agitation in detergents followed by six wash cycles. Viability of EC cultures exposed to washing solution served to prove efficiency of washing. Resulting scaffolds were free of cells with preserved extracellular matrix. Biomechanical standard tension tests demonstrated comparable parameters to native tissue. Luminal surfaces of decellularized valvular grafts were seeded with ovine jugular vein EC in dynamic bioreactors. After rolling culture for 48 h, pulsatile medium circulation with a flow of 0.1 L/min was started. The flow was incremented 0.3 L/min/day up to 2.0 L/min (cycle rate: 60 beats/min), while pH, pO2, pCO2, lactate and glucose were maintained at constant physiological levels. After 7 days, a monolayer of cells covered the inner valve surface, which expressed vWF, indicating an endothelial origin. A complete endothelialization of detergent decellularized scaffold can be achieved under simulated physiological circulation conditions using a dynamic bioreactor system, which allows continuous control of the culture environment.
Relation between rates of leg amputation and distal arterial reconstructive surgery
Authors: J A Michaels, P Rutter, J Collin, F M Legg, R B Galland
Journal: BMJ (1994)

So, those who would seek to criticise or ignore research on socioeconomic deprivation and health using ecological correlation studies in which appropriate indices of deprivation have been used cannot legitimately seek support from the ecological fallacy.
James Joyce and Medicine
Authors: J. B. Lyons
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> For some years I have been engaged on a clinical appraisal of James Joyce and his writings. My book on the subject,<i>James Joyce and Medicine</i>, will be published by the Dolmen Press, Dublin, in the next few weeks. Accordingly, I was interested in N. J. C. Andreasen's contribution to your book number (224:67, 1973), but there are errors and inconsistency in her unsympathetic essay. Admittedly the errors are minor ones—Joyce's first publication was<i>The Day of the Rabblement</i>not<i>Chamber Music</i>; the family lived in Paris not Zurich when Lucia Joyce came under Jung's care; Joyce's final illness was complicated by gastrointestinal haemorrhage but the cause of death was peritonitis following a perforated duodenal ulcer—but they may indicate that Dr. Andreasen's study has been less than meticulous. She does not mention in her bibliography the three volumes of Joyce's letters so indispensable to anyone interested in
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Pregnancy: We Have the Technology but Not All the Answers
Authors: Helen R. Murphy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Huge progress has been made in the management of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. With increasing recognition of the importance of good glycemic control (before and during pregnancy) and improvements in obstetric and neonatal care, the vast majority of women with diabetes can expect to deliver a healthy live-born infant. However, the problem of macrosomia, present in the era after insulin was first introduced (1), persists, as highlighted in recent reports from Scandinavia (2,3). Near-optimal glucose control, defined as HbA1c ≤7.0% (53 mmol/mol) in the nonpregnant state, does not prevent neonatal morbidity (macrosomia, preterm delivery, neonatal hypoglycemia) (4). The U.K. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) now recommends more stringent glucose control targets, with an HbA1c <6.1% (43 mmol/mol) throughout pregnancy (5). However, the dilemma of how best to balance the daily risk of maternal hypoglycemia with the longer-term risks of the effect of hyperglycemia to the fetus remains.

In this issue of Diabetes Care , Secher at al. (6) report on their results from a randomized controlled trial of intermittent real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in pregnant women with diabetes. They included 154 pregnant women (123 with type 1 diabetes, 31 with type 2 diabetes) randomized to either real-time CGM or routine capillary glucose monitoring. Women in both groups were advised to perform at least seven finger-stick tests daily (before and after meals and before bed). The …
Aminopterin in the Treatment of Acute Leukaemia
Authors: J. V. Dacie, E. Dresner, D. L. Mollin, J. C. White
Journal: BMJ (1950)

Since the synthesis of pteroylglutamic acid (folic acid) by Angier et al. (1945), several analogues having either a similar or a biologically antagonistic activity have been prepared (Smith et al., 1948).Of the antagonists, the most potent is 4-aminopteroylglutamic acid ("aminopterin "), produced by the substitution of an NH2 group for the OH group in the 4 position of the pteridine ring of the folic acid molecule (Seeger et al., 1947).The first report of the use of folic acid antagonists in acute leukaemia was that of Meyer (1948), who obtained temporary clinical and haematological improvement in four of five cases treated with pteroylaspartic acid and methylpteroic acid.Subsequently, Farber et al. (1948) reported important remissions in 10 out of 16 children with acute leukaemia treated with aminopterin.The drug seemed to have a pronounced effect on leukaemic bone marrow, causing a decrease or disappearance of letukaemic
A COMBINATION FINOCHIETTO AND STEINMANN PIN TRACTION STIRRUP
Authors: George W. Hawley
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Traction, either temporary or continuous, is one of the forces constantly utilized in fracture treatment, and while the moleskin straps applied to the surface of the limb still have their place in practice, the introduction of methods in which a direct pull is obtained on the bone structure itself is a step in the right direction. The advantages of the direct traction are its efficiency (and there is no denying that a comparatively light weight of from 5 to 15 pounds usually provides effective extension) and its peculiar usefulness in fractures associated with extensive injuries of the soft tissues when surface traction is impossible. As is so often the case, there are some who carry direct traction too far, and others who have gone to the other extreme. They serve the natural purpose of indicating the middle ground.  The Codavilla and Steinmann pins were designed and have been almost entirely
703-1 Detection of Coronary Stenoses and Quantification of Blood Flow Mismatch Using Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography During Coronary Hyperemia with FS-069, a New Intravenous Contrast Agent
Authors: Gustavo P Camarano, Ananda R. Jayaweera, Suad Ismail, Norman C. Goodman, Sanjiv Kaul
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)