tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Injuries to JFK
Authors: Patricia L. James
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —Your recent JFK autopsy report1,2quotes Dr Humes as saying, In 1963, we proved at the autopsy table that President Kennedy was struck from above and behind by the fatal shot....  That is not what Humes told the House Select Committee on Assassinations in 1979.3When asked if the essential findings were two gunshot wounds from above and behind, he said, I think behind is probably the most one can say from the anatomic findings.  Has Humes made new anatomic discoveries on JFK since 1979 that now permit him to assert that the shots were clearly from above? If so, will he share those findings withJAMA? If he was unsure of the superior location of the gunman, how could he be sure, from the anatomic data, that Oswald was on the sixth floor? Or did he conclude this from data outside the autopsy? If
Acute leukemia in adults: recent developments in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: S. M. Devine, R. A. Larson
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1994)

Frequency FAB Subtype Morphologic and Cytochemical Features (Percent) M0Large, agranular myeloblasts, sometimes resembling lymphoblasts 2-3 of FAB subtype L2.Stain negative for myeloperoxidase and Sudan black.Express CD13 or CD33 antigens on cell surface M1Acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation: Large, poorly 20 differentiated myeloblasts represent 90% or more of the nonerythroid cells.At least 3% of the myeloblasts stain positive for myeloperoxidase M2Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation: Between 30 and 89% of 25-30 the nonerythroid cells are myeloblasts having abundant cytoplasm with moderate to many granules.Auer rods are often visible M3Leukemia cells usually contain heavy azurophilic granulation.Nuclear 8-15 size varies greatly.Nuclei are often bilobed or kidney-shaped.Some cells contain bundles of Auer rods.Leukemia cells stain strongly positive for myeloperoxidase.There is a micro-granular variant M4Myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes, and other granulocytic 20-25 precursors make up over 30% of the nonerythroid cells but do not exceed 80%.Monocytic cells account for up to 20% of the nonerythroid cells.Nonspecific esterase and chloroacetate stains are often positive.Auer rods may be present M4EoMyelomonoblasts with cytochemically and morphologically abnormal 5 eosinophils M5Monoblasts, promonocytes, or monocytes make up 80% or more of the nonerythroid cells.In one subtype (M5a), 80% or more of all the monocytic cells are monoblasts.In the well-differentiated subtype (M5b), less than 80% are monoblasts.Naphthol AS-D acetate positivity is extinguished by sodium flouride M6Greater than 50% of the nucleated marrow cells are erythroid.Erythroblasts 5 are usually strongly positive for the periodic acid-Schiff reaction.Myeloblasts represent 30% or more of the nonerythroid cells M7Large and small megakaryoblasts with high nuclear/cytoplasm ratio.1-2 Cytoplasm is pale and agranular.Standard cytochemical stains not definitive.Platelet peroxidase and platelet-specific antibodies often positive
David Watkin Davies
Authors: M. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2014)

David Watkin Davies was born in Aberystwyth. He spent the first few years of his life growing up in Machynlleth, where his father, Tom, was physician at the local chest hospital. The family moved to Swansea when David was 5 years old.

After schooling at Wycliffe College he went on to Kings College, completing his training at Westminster Hospital in 1957. His wife, Mary, …
Robust evidence is needed in treating acne
Authors: S. Garner
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Although the review and commentary by Webster et al on the management of acne contain good sense, the opinions presented do not fully reflect the evidence base or the risks associated with antibiotics.1

Webster promotes the use of antibiotics in the routine management of even mild acne when there is considerable global effort to limit antimicrobial prescribing to reduce resistance in key pathogens (www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/actionplan/html).2 The extended antibiotic courses used in treating acne exert immense selective pressure on commensal flora,3 and, …
Does treatment with cimetidine extended beyond initial healing of duodenal ulcer reduce the subsequent relapse rate?
Authors: K D Bardhan, D S Cole, B W Hawkins, C R Franks
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Cimetidine 1 g daily is often continued for a fixed period beyond the time of healing of duodenal ulcer on the assumption that it might reduce the subsequent relapse rate. To test this, 194 patients whose ulcers had healed after one month of cimetidine 1 g daily were allocated at random to three groups for further treatment with cimetidine 1 g daily for two months (n = 63) or five months (n = 66) or placebo (n = 65). Thereafter all patients received placebo. Endoscopy was done routinely every three months, or earlier if symptoms recurred. During follow-up in the placebo phase, which lasted for up to 25 months, the estimated total proportions of patients in the three groups with symptomatic recurrences of ulcer were 80%, 90%, and 77%, respectively; the corresponding proportions with silent plus symptomatic relapses were 92%, 90%, and 100%. The relapse rates were also similar in all three groups. Statistical analysis showed a significant variation in relapse rate but the differences were regarded as clinically unimportant. These findings show that full-dose cimetidine continued for several months beyond the time of healing of duodenal ulcer dose not decrease the risk of subsequent relapse.
Arcuate NPY Controls Sympathetic Output and BAT Function via a Relay of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Neurons in the PVN
Authors: Yan-Chuan Shi, Jackie Lau, Zhou Lin, Hui Zhang, Lei Zhai, Guenther Sperk, Regine Heilbronn, Mario Mietzsch, Stefan Weger, Xu-Feng Huang, Ronaldo F. Enriquez, Lesley Castillo, Paul A. Baldock, Lei Zhang, Amanda Sainsbury, Herbert Herzog, Shu Lin
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2013)
Suspected Reactions to Gamma Benzene Hexachloride
Authors: Beulah Lee
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The special communication by Orkin et al "Treatment of Today's Scabies and Pediculosis" (236:1136, 1976) emphasized the current epidemic of scabies in the United States. As mentioned, gamma benzene hexachloride (Kwell, Gamene) is a specific agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration for marketing for the eradication of scabies and head lice. The<i>FDA Drug Bulletin</i>(6:28,1976) alerted health professionals to the potential dangers associated with imprudent topical application of this insecticide. As noted in the article, CNS toxicity is a prominent feature of acute toxicity studies in animals. Although animal studies have shown convulsions to be associated with gamma benzene hexachloride and other chlorinated hydrocarbons absorbed by the skin, clinical information about adverse reactions in man is limited. Following the<i>FDA Drug Bulletin</i>alert, the Division of Drug Experience received the following additional reports of suspected central nervous system toxicity. <h3>Report of Cases.—Case</h3>
Acquired Arteriovenous Fistulas Complicated by Endarteritis, and Endocarditis Lenta Due to<i>Streptococcus faecalis</i>
Authors: Loren F. Parmley, James A. Orbison, Carl W. Hughes, Thomas W. Mattingly
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

THE occurrence of an acquired arteriovenous fistula complicated by both bacterial endocarditis and endarteritis is unusual. Although 20 cases of traumatic arteriovenous fistula with associated bacterial endarteritis have been reported,1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 only 7 of these were complicated by coexistent endocarditis.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The aortic valve was the site of the endocarditis in all cases. Heretofore, Streptococcus viridans has been found to be the cause of the septicemia. Although arteriovenous fistula with endarteritis has occurred at variable sites, it has uniformly involved the femoral or closely associated vessels in cases complicated by both endarteritis and endocarditis. Among these patients, therapy was supportive except in . . .
Thyroiditis from a Seat Belt?
Authors: MICHAEL BORNEMANN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1988Thyroiditis from a Seat Belt?MICHAEL BORNEMANN, M.D.MICHAEL BORNEMANN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-4-641_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Thyroiditis is most often caused by infection or autoimmune mechanisms although other causes that have been implicated include radiation (1) and trauma (martial arts thyroiditis) (2). The following case report supports a traumatic mechanism causing thyroiditis and adds another hazard to the long list of injuries related to seat belt use.A 64-year-old man was taking cimetidine for reflux esophagitis and clonidine for hypertension but was otherwise in good health. He purchased a used, late model American car. He noticed that the shoulder harness of the driver's seat belt seemed tauter than usual, and after several weeks...References1. BLITZERPAOLOZZIGOTTLIEBZAMKOFFCHUNG JFAKC. Thyrotoxic thyroiditis after radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease. Arch Intern Med. 1985;145:1734-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BLUMSCHLOSS MM. Martial-arts thyroiditis. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:199-200. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tripler Army Medical Center Honolulu, HI 96859-5000 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThyroid implants after surgery and blunt trauma 1 April 1988Volume 108, Issue 4Page: 641-641KeywordsHypertensionShouldersThyroid Issue Published: 1 April 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Coeliac disease presenting as variceal haemorrhage
Authors: D Thorburn
Journal: Gut (2003)

A 59 year old woman was referred for investigation of lethargy, ankle oedema, and an elevated alkaline phosphatase. Sixteen years previously her entire jejunum had been resected at another hospital for acute mesenteric vein thrombosis.

On investigation, alkaline phosphatase and prothrombin time were raised, and calcium, haemoglobin, and red cell folate were low. She was heterozygous for the prothrombin 20210A gene mutation and table 1 summarises the results of her thrombophilia screen. Activated protein C resistance, antithrombin activity, anticardiolipin antibodies, haemolysis, and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria screen were normal or negative. …
Abstract 5486: Cancer therapeutics and the βGBP cytokine. Activation of death pathways prior to and after PI3K inhibition, and efficacy in vivo.
Authors: Livio Mallucci, Valerie Wells
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K) signaling is crucial to the viability of cancers and represents a selective target for therapeutic intervention. Our strategy against cancer is based on the use of a newly identified cytokine (βGBP), a natural inhibitor of both class IA and class IB PI3K that in cancer cells, but not in normal cells, is a potent activator of cell death: a novel therapeutic concept which carries no chemotherapeutic disadvantages and that can be tested and utilised in clinical trials. Cell death by Hu-r-βGBP follows two modes: 1) Apoptosis consequent to downregulation of signaling downstream of PI3K where inhibition of PI3K activity by Hu-r-βGBP has two major outcomes: suppression of Ras-GTP loading leading to block of ERK activation, and negation of akt gene expression leading to loss of Akt, conditions that either by blocking the ability of cancer cells to proliferate or by impairing their ability to survive erase oncogenicity in many cancer cells including those from prostate, HER2-driven and triple negative breast cancer. 2) Apoptosis consequent to induction of protein-protein interactions from βGBP receptor to PI3K where conformational changes conveyed by allosteric modulation from the βGBP receptor to p110 lead to changes in PIP2 spatial distribution at the plasma membrane, loss of PIP2-actin linkages, increased macromolecular mobility within the plane of the plasma membrane, clustering of death receptors and devastating death in Kras-mutant cancer cells, therapeutically reproducible in vivo. Citation Format: Livio Mallucci, Valerie Wells. Cancer therapeutics and the βGBP cytokine. Activation of death pathways prior to and after PI3K inhibition, and efficacy in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5486. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5486
Digoxin intoxication: the relationship of clinical presentation to serum digoxin concentration
Authors: Thomas W. Smith, Edgar Haber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

A radioimmunoassay for serum digoxin concentration has been used to study the interrelationships of circulating levels of the drug and various factors in the clinical setting in 48 hospitalized patients with cardiac rhythm disturbances due to digoxin intoxication. 131 patients on maintenance doses of digoxin without toxicity and 48 patients with equivocal evidence of digoxin excess were also studied and compared with the toxic group. Patients with cardiac rhythm disturbances due to digoxin intoxication tended to be older and to have diminished renal function compared with the nontoxic group; body weight, serum potassium concentration, underlying cardiac rhythm, and nature of cardiac disease were not significantly different for the groups as a whole. Despite comparable mean daily digoxin dosages, digoxin intoxicated patients had a mean serum digoxin concentration of 3.7 +/-1.0 (SD) ng/ml, while nontoxic patients had a mean level of 1.4 +/-0.7 ng/ml (P < 0.001), 90% of patients without evidence of toxicity had serum digoxin concentrations of 2.0 ng/ml or less, while 87% of the toxic group had levels above 2.0; the range of overlap between the two groups extended from 1.6 to 3.0 ng/ml. Patients with atrioventricular block as their principal toxic manifestation had a significantly lower mean serum digoxin concentration than those in whom ectopic impulse formation was the chief rhythm disturbance. Patients with equivocal evidence of digoxin excess had received comparable daily maintenance doses of digoxin but had a mean serum concentration of 1.9 +/-0.8 ng/ml, intermediate between those of the nontoxic (P < 0.005) and toxic (P < 0.001) groups. Renal function as judged by mean blood urea nitrogen concentration was also intermediate. The data indicate that knowledge of the serum digoxin concentration, weighed in the clinical context, is useful in the management of patients receiving this drug.
Ventricular Pressure-Flow Dynamics in Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: AARON R. LEVIN, JOHN P. BOINEAU, MADISON S. SPACH, RAMON V. CANENT, M. PAUL CAPP, PAGE A. W. ANDERSON
Journal: Circulation (1966)

The present study was conducted to determine the instantaneous pressure-flow relationships across the ventricular septal defect in tetralogy of Fallot. Simultaneous right and left ventricular pressures and the pressure gradient were recorded with matched catheter systems. Biplane cineangiocardiography was used to evaluate the timing of the bi-directional shunts during various phases of the cardiac cycle. The instantaneous pressure differences between the two ventricles and the direction of the pressure gradient correlated well with the timing of the shunt across the defect. In 27 patients with moderate tetralogy of Fallot, a consistent pattern of bidirectional shunting was shown. The right-to-left shunt occurred at two places and two sites during the cardiac cycle; namely, during early ventricular ejection into the aorta, and during isovolumic ventricular relaxation directly across the ventricular defect into the left ventricle. Left-to-right gradients and shunting across the defect were found to occur during isovolumic ventricular contraction and during diastole. The results of this study suggest that further investigation of various cardiac defects may yield important information concerning shunting mechanisms.
A disorder of eating or of values?
Authors: J. Morris, D. Seng
Journal: BMJ (2011)

JM and DS were struggling to find a shared perspective on the management of patients with eating disorders. JM, a middle aged consultant, was educated in the West, in all-female schools and colleges, where dieting and body image disparagement are norms. She has worked for decades with patients who lose weight obsessively and who defend their behaviour as a lifestyle choice …
How should European health policy develop? A discussion
Authors: T. Richards, R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1994)

when the Maastricht Treaty on European Union was signed, the European Community had no legal basis to act on public health.The inclusion of article 129 (box), the health chapter of the treaty, changed this, and the European Union is now legally obliged to work towards improving public health in its member states.It has also to consider the health implications of other European Union policies such as those related to the environment and agriculture.
Feeling the skin
Authors: R. I Rudolph
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

It is clear the authors are ignorant of the role, training and history of my profession; otherwise they would have known better than to use the surgical role as their example.To appreciate the folly of this example, one must understand that for many years the theatre nursing hierarchy sought to deny ODPs the opportunity to practice in the surgical role-claiming this 'a purely nursing function'.My profession was then predominantly associated with providing care as part of the anaesthetic team, where patients are initially conscious, often fearful and requiring both psychological and physiological support.As far back as the 1970s our syllabus incorporated patient care (e.g.'Respect the dignity and rights of the patient; Principles of ethics and etiquette; Psychological reaction of patients to surgery and the theatre environment').These were introduced early and developed throughout the course.Today's qualification has developed these themes into the modern era, with emphasis on the assessment, planning and evaluation of care.Caring is not genetically implanted into nurses, but taught to all professions with caring responsibilities.The notion that ODPs are 'expropriating nurses' knowledge and skills' is laughable.We had the first nationally organized course in operating department practice in 1951.In 1989 Bevan 2 noted 'only 13.8% of nurses working in theatre had received post-registration training in operating department and/or anaesthetic nursing.'Throughout the 1990s the NVQ in Operating Department Practice, the ODP's primary qualification, was taken by many perioperative nurses as their preferred postgraduate qualification.
Partial purification and characterisation of a synovial fluid inhibitor of osteoblasts.
Authors: R A Hazelton, R Vedam, P P Masci, A N Whitaker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

A polypeptide inhibitor of osteoblast proliferation is described which occurs in synovial effusions of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Partial purification of the inhibitor showed a molecular weight of approximately 81,000 by gel electrophoresis. This polypeptide seems to be unique as no inhibitor of osteoblasts of similar molecular weight has been previously described in rheumatoid synovial effusions.
Methylphenidate and Growth Retardation
Authors: Mark Barter
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Long-term use of the stimulant drugs methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine in the treatment of hyperactive children has been reported to cause a slowing of both height and weight gain in some patients as compared with others who have never received the medication.<sup>1,2</sup>The exact mechanism whereby this phenomenon occurs remains obscure, for it is unlikely that the growthsuppressant effects are due (entirely) to the anorexigenic effect of the drugs alone.<sup>1</sup>We recently had the opportunity to study a child with stunted growth who was receiving methylphenidate as treatment for hyperkinesis. He demonstrated a normal growth hormone (GH) response to provocative stimuli but failed to demonstrate sleep-induced GH release. The patient was an 11-year-old boy who was the product of an 8 1/2-month gestation, being 50.8 cm long and weighing 3.16 kg at birth. His father is 1.8 m tall, and his mother is 1.7 m tall.
THE ETIOLOGY OF PARETIC DEMENTIA.
Authors: FRANK P. NORBURY
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The lesion of paretic dementia is that of a diffuse parenchymatous atrophy of the nerve cells and part, at least, of the neuroglia. This process is essentially chronic and involves more or less the whole of the cortex, even extending to the basal ganglia and the cord. The well-known vascular changes start in the minute arterioles and in a slow but progressive manner involve the nutrition of the cells thereby causing degeneration of the neurons and neuroglia. The cortical substance undergoes atrophic changes and the lymph spaces dilate or widen; the lymph currents are interfered with —they are laden with debris—and ultimately the combined processes produce profound degenerative changes. The question of the cause of this now well-recognized degeneration is seemingly in dispute, but I dare say that we all feel that there should be but little controversy over this question, when in the light of the accumulated knowledge of
Transient mycoardial dysfunction after liver transplantation
Authors: B KIM
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The stress rupture characteristics of bare and thermal barrier coated (TBC) superalloy AE 437A were determined in air at temperatures between 600 and 850 °C with both short and long term testing undertaken at 800 °C. Because the bond coat contributed an addition ∼10% cross-sectional area and was able to support load, the higher stress, shorter term rupture lives of the TBC coated alloy exceed those for the bare material. However under lower stress, longer life conditions the ability of the bond coat to support loading was reduced, and the rupture lives of both bare and TBC coated alloy were similar.