tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid and long-term prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Christophe Corpechot, Ludovico Abenavoli, Nabila Rabahi, Yves Chrétien, Tony Andréani, Catherine Johanet, Olivier Chazouillères, Raoul Poupon
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is variable. It has been recently proposed that an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) decline of more than 40% in baseline value or a normal level after 1 year of UDCA treatment (Barcelona criteria) could serve as a good marker of long-term prognosis. Our aim was to define the best efficient set of biochemistries able to identify UDCA-treated patients at risk of death or liver transplantation (LT). The efficiency of several combinations of serum bilirubin, ALP, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) threshold values to predict outcome was assessed after 1 year of treatment in 292 patients with PBC. Patients showing ALP <3 upper limit of normal (ULN), AST <2 ULN, and bilirubin </=1 mg/dL after 1 year of UDCA had a 10-year transplant-free survival rate of 90% (95% confidence interval, 81%-95%), compared to 51% (95% confidence interval, 38%-64%) for those who did not (P < 0.001). Patients were less well discriminated by the Barcelona criteria (79% versus 63%). Independent predictive factors of death or LT were baseline serum bilirubin level >1 mg/dL (relative risk [RR], 1.7), histologic stage >/=3 (RR, 1.5), interface hepatitis (RR, 1.9), and the absence of biochemical response (ALP >3 ULN or AST >2 ULN, or bilirubin >1 mg/dL) (RR, 2.3). Antinuclear antibodies against gp210 or Sp100 proteins were associated with death or LT in univariate but not in multivariate analysis.This study defines the best efficient biochemical response to UDCA, which, independent of baseline predictive factors, identifies patients with PBC with a good long-term prognosis. Patients who fail to achieve this response and those with interface hepatitis or advanced histological stage should be targeted for further therapeutic research.
Trichoblastoma with sebaceous and sweat gland differentiation
Authors: S.N. Chang, Y.L. Chung, S-C. Kim, J.Y. Sim, W.H. Park
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Trichoblastoma with sebaceous and sweat gland differentiation Get access S.N. Chang, S.N. Chang Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea *Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongdong Severance Hospital, 146–92 Dogok‐dong, Kangnam‐gu, Seoul 135–720, Korea †Pochon CHA University Pundang CHA Hospital, Seoul, Korea Correspondence: Yae Lee Chung.E‐mail: ylchung@hanmail.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y.L. Chung, Y.L. Chung Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea *Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongdong Severance Hospital, 146–92 Dogok‐dong, Kangnam‐gu, Seoul 135–720, Korea †Pochon CHA University Pundang CHA Hospital, Seoul, Korea Correspondence: Yae Lee Chung.E‐mail: ylchung@hanmail.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S‐C. Kim, S‐C. Kim Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea *Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongdong Severance Hospital, 146–92 Dogok‐dong, Kangnam‐gu, Seoul 135–720, Korea †Pochon CHA University Pundang CHA Hospital, Seoul, Korea Correspondence: Yae Lee Chung.E‐mail: ylchung@hanmail.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.Y. Sim, J.Y. Sim Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea *Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongdong Severance Hospital, 146–92 Dogok‐dong, Kangnam‐gu, Seoul 135–720, Korea †Pochon CHA University Pundang CHA Hospital, Seoul, Korea Correspondence: Yae Lee Chung.E‐mail: ylchung@hanmail.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.H. Park W.H. Park Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea *Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongdong Severance Hospital, 146–92 Dogok‐dong, Kangnam‐gu, Seoul 135–720, Korea †Pochon CHA University Pundang CHA Hospital, Seoul, Korea Correspondence: Yae Lee Chung.E‐mail: ylchung@hanmail.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 5, 1 May 2001, Pages 1090–1092, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04209.x Published: 01 May 2001
Only full access to trial data will show signs of ghostwriting, meeting hears
Authors: A. Silversides
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Clinical trial registration alone provides only limited methodological information of variable quality and is inadequate to show the scale of drug company involvement in research studies, a conference has heard. 

An Wen Chan, a clinician, systematic reviewer, and scientist with the Women’s College Research Institute in Toronto, told a workshop on the ethics of ghost authorship at the University of Toronto on 4 May that access to full trial protocols is a vital first step towards greater transparency.

Problems associated with the ghost authorship of biomedical research studies range from “deeply disconcerting to shattering,” said Ross Upshur, director of the University of Toronto’s Joint Centre for Bioethics.

Ghost authorship of articles that overestimate the efficacy and underestimate the safety concerns …
Caring for Mrs Brown
Authors: G Dunea
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Mrs Brown is admitted to the hospital because of nausea and discomfort in the upper part of the abdomen after eating. She has seen several doctors in the past and has had various medications and diets. Her symptoms suggest organic disease but the tests give normal results. Immediately everybody loses interest. The attending physician says, “Well, there's nothing the matter with her.” The clinical clerk feels he has worked for nothing. The intern, eager to clear out the ward, sends her home saying she is lucky not to have anything serious. Mrs Brown is relieved at first but her symptoms soon return; so she goes to see another …
MORPHŒO-SCLERODERMIA OF THE SHINS ASSOCIATED WITH OSTEITIS DEFORMANS.*
Authors: GEORGE PERNET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1917)

Journal Article MORPHŒO‐SCLERODERMIA OF THE SHINS ASSOCIATED WITH OSTEITIS DEFORMANS. Get access GEORGE PERNET, M.D. GEORGE PERNET, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 29, Issue 2, 1 April 1917, Pages 110–113, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1917.tb09661.x Published: 01 April 1917
Expression of apoptosis-related proteins in experimental coxsackievirus myocarditis
Authors: J Colston
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Objective: The extent to which apoptosis contributes to myocyte cell loss during acute carditic viral infection is unknown. To assess whether apoptosis occurs in acute viral myocarditis, and how it is modulated, we studied mice inoculated with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). Methods: Five CD1 and C3H.HeJ (C3H) mice/group were sacrificed as saline vehicle-injected controls, and at 1, 2, and 3 weeks post-inoculation (p.i.) with 5×106 pfu CVB3. Histopathological status and terminal transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assays quantified inflammation, necrosis and apoptosis in myocardium. Apoptosis-related protein immunoreactivity defined presence and location of Bax, Fas, Fas Ligand (FasL), Bcl-2, interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the proto-oncogene p53. Results: Both strains exhibited significant histopathology at all time points. Saline-injected control animals showed no signs of inflammation and no significant difference in apoptosis-related protein immunoreactivity was observed between strains. Myocardial TUNEL-positive cells were exceedingly rare though apoptosis was present in thymic medulla and spleen follicles. Pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Fas, and FasL were present in all groups though no clear correlation with histopathology was apparent. By contrast, the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 showed mild immunoreactivity in controls, which increased following infection and correlated well with histopathological scores in both strains. Myocardial iNOS immunoreactivity displayed a similar though weaker staining pattern to Bcl-2 over the 3 week study period in both strains. Neither ICE nor p53 immunoreactivity could be demonstrated in myocardium. Conclusion: Thus, despite marked inflammatory activity, myocyte apoptosis is rare in acute CVB3 myocarditis in CD1 and C3H.HeJ mice.
Statins do not influence clinical response and B cell depletion after rituximab treatment in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sudipto Das, Meritxell Fernandez Matilla, Shouvik Dass, Maya H Buch, Andrew C Rawstron, Edward M Vital, Paul Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

B cell depletion by rituximab requires cross linking of CD20, which induces redistribution of CD20 to lipid rafts. This redistribution is correlated with efficiency of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in previous studies. The integrity of the lipid rafts may also be important in induction of apoptosis. In vitro , statins interfere with the formation of cholesterol-rich micro domains within the plasma membrane- the lipid rafts, which impairs lymphoma cell killing by ADCC and CDC by rituximab.1 We previously demonstrated that pre- and post-treatment numbers of plasmablasts were associated with clinical response to rituximab.2 Statins were recently reported to inhibit rituximab's clinical efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).3 We therefore tested for an association of statin use and both …
Prostate-Specific Antigen Velocity Versus Prostate-Specific Antigen Doubling Time for Prediction of 11C Choline PET/CT in Prostate Cancer Patients With Biochemical Failure After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Giampiero Giovacchini, Maria Picchio, Rita G. Parra, Alberto Briganti, Luigi Gianolli, Francesco Montorsi, Cristina Messa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We previously showed that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time (PSADT) is a significant predictor of 11C choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. This study compared PSA velocity (PSAV) and PSADT to predict 11C choline PET/CT findings.PSAV and PSADT were retrospectively calculated in 170 PCa patients with biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy, who underwent 11C choline PET/CT for restaging of disease.Median PSA was 1.25 ng/mL (range: 0.23-48.6 ng/mL), and median PSAV was 0.99 ng/mL/y (range: 0.11-98.9 ng/mL/y). Patients with positive 11C choline PET/CT (n = 75) had significantly (P < 0.05) higher PSAV than patients with negative 11C choline PET/CT (n = 95) (6.93 ± 13.08 vs. 1.23 ± 2.03 ng/mL/y). The percent of patients with positive 11C choline PET/CT was 21% for PSAV <1 ng/mL/y, 56% for PSAV between 1 and 2 ng/mL/y, and 76% for PSAV >2 ng/mL/y. The quality of fitting (r2) of PSA values according to the exponential function (PSADT) was significantly (P < 0.05) better than the quality of fitting according to the linear function (PSAV) in the entire sample and in all anatomic regions. At multivariate analysis, trigger PSA, PSADT but not PSAV obtained the statistical significance (P < 0.05).PSAV can be used to stratify the risk of positive 11C choline PET/CT in PCa patients with biochemical failure. Patients with PSAV >1 ng/mL/y should be selected to increase the positive detection rate of 11C choline PET/CT. The greater statistical power of PSADT compared with PSAV could be related to the better capability of fitting time-dependent changes in PSA values, thereby better reflecting the natural growth of recurrent PCa.
Selecting Criteria for the Diagnosis of “Diabetes Mellitus”
Authors: John B O'sullivan, Stefan S Fajans
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

We would agree with Drs. O9Sullivan and Fajans 1  that neither the National Diabetes Data Group nor any other proposals should be accepted uncritically; indeed we have ourselves already entered into the polemic on the subject and we welcome it. 2  The proposals will no doubt require modification if and when relevant new data appear. However, the Group9s report was the result of a critical review of the unsatisfactory situation concerning, at a certain level, the diagnostic criteria and, at another, the concept of diabetes itself. It took its direction from the availability of new data. Contrary to O9Sullivan and Fajans9 statement, the blood glucose levels adopted were based largely on three prospective studies in the United Kingdom, and not on the Pima Indian data, which was regarded as confirming, in a different and special population group studied by different methods, the findings in the United Kingdom.
GENERALIZED GENETIC DISORDERS OF THE OSSEOUS SKELETON
Authors: Victor A. McKusick
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The genetically determined disorders of bone comprise a large group which are of particular interest to orthopedists, radiologists, pediatricians, and medical geneticists. Terminology is confusing, with resort to eponyms in many instances. The chondrodystrophies, achondroplasia, hypochondroplasia, the various dysplasias and dysostoses, the epiphyseal dysplasias, and various sclerosing disorders of bone lumped under osteopetrosis are among the types of entities that are clearly generalized disorders of the skeleton. Metaphyseal dysostosis, craniometaphyseal dysplasia, hysostosis multiplex, dysplasia epiphysalis multiplex, dysplasia epiphysalis hemimelica, and dysplasia epiphysalis punctata illustrate the Tower of Babel in this field. Rubin 1 has attempted a classification of the dysplasia, of which the major categories are epiphyseal, physeal, metaphyseal, and diaphyseal. Each class of dysplasias has hypoplasia and hyperplasia subclasses, and in most of these more than one genus of disorder is recognized. It should be noted that further heterogeneity exists in most, perhaps all, of Rubin's terminal classes.  As
This is where I start to draw the line
Authors: N. Goodman
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Isent photocopies of a couple of articles to a colleague. He threw them in the bin. Well, unsolicited mail deserves no more, whether from an insurance company or from a colleague. Except that the articles, though not written by me, summarised pretty well my unease with xenotransplantation, and his specialty will be affected greatly if these transplants work. His attitude, and I suspect the attitude of many who are directly involved, is quite simple: my patients will benefit; my loved one will get better.

Last June the BBC in a Panorama programme tackled animal transplants, but it looked no further. True, the programme carefully underlined the practical difficulties that still lie in the way of off the shelf organs, but the ethics of the issue were scarcely touched on. The Nuffield Council on Bioethics, we were told, had decided that xenotransplantation was ethical.

There is nothing cut and dried about ethics. There is no measurement of ethicity, no associated e value, in some way analogous to the p value of statistical probability. Is abortion ethical? It depends who you ask. A statement in the Nuffield report on xenotransplantation, much quoted in the media as justification for the use of animal organs, was of the large number of people on the transplant waiting lists. That is not ethics; …
Evidence for iron deficiency screening "inadequate," US panel concludes
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The evidence to support routine screening of asymptomatic pregnant women and children for iron deficiency anemia is inadequate, the US Preventive Services Task Force has found.

The task force is an independent body commissioned by the US government to make recommendations concerning the effectiveness of preventive care services for asymptomatic patients. Its panels do not have regulatory authority but their recommendations are often influential in guiding policy and practice.

The task force released two draft recommendations on screening for iron deficiency on 1 April, one on screening pregnant women and a second on screening children aged 6 to 24 months.1 2 These recommendations were based on two systematic reviews, published in the Annals of Internal Medicin e and Pediatrics , respectively.3 …
Severity and extent of osteoarthritis and low grade systemic inflammation as assessed by high sensitivity C reactive protein
Authors: T Sturmer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<b>Background:</b> Although osteoarthritis (OA) is thought to derive from defective chondrocyte metabolism and thus inherently lack the large scale systemic response of rheumatoid arthritis, there is increasing interest in the acute phase proteins in OA. <b>Objective:</b> To assess the association between high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and severity and extent of OA in patients with advanced hip and knee OA. <b>Methods:</b> Preoperative hsCRP was measured in frozen serum samples from 770 consecutive patients with hip or knee joint replacement due to advanced OA recruited between 1995 and 1996. Pain was measured by a visual analogue scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA index (WOMAC). The extent of OA in different joints was assessed clinically and radiographically. <b>Results:</b> The (geometric) mean hsCRP was 2.5 mg/l among all patients. Severity of pain was associated with mean hsCRP (adjusted elevation highest <i>v</i> lowest quintile = 35%, p = 0.01) after controlling for known or suspected predictors of hsCRP, including age, smoking, and body mass index. Neither the bilateral nor the generalised extent of OA, nor any of the dimensions of the WOMAC were associated with mean hsCRP levels. <b>Conclusions:</b> Severity of pain, but not extent of OA, was associated with hsCRP levels in this group of patients with advanced OA. Longitudinal studies with repeated assessments of hsCRP and pain are needed to assess the possible value of hsCRP for monitoring or predicting the clinical course of OA.
Loffler's Syndrome Occurring During Streptomycin and P.A.S. Therapy
Authors: R. J. Cuthbert
Journal: BMJ (1954)

TREATMENT OF ANOGENITAL WARTS BRrJru=L it has settled, the area being kept well powdered.It is, however, very seldom that any discomfort is reported by the patient, and in no case has an oedematous balanitis developed.This really does seem, in fact, to be a safe and yet most reliable form of treatment, that can be carried out even by an untrained assistant.It has been our experience that the harder and more chronic lesions are generally resistant to podophyllin, and usually require destruction by diathermy or electrocautery.I should like to express my gratitude to Surgeon Commander H. L. Belcher, R.N.
Child resistant containers for liquid medications.
Authors: I M Wright
Journal: BMJ (1993)

was also considerably less, with 37 of 40 (93%) patients having no postoperative discomfort and being able to return to school soon after surgery compared with 16 of 35 (46%) who were circum- cised.Twenty eight of 40 responding parents whose son had had preputial plasty thought that the final appearance of their son's penis was normal.Only two patients were unable to retract their foreskins, and in both there had been no effort at early mobilisation.Preputial plasty is a well recognised procedure in Europe,4 and we think that it is a reliable option for selected patients with tight but unscarred and uninfected foreskins.It certainly enables many more foreskins to be saved.
Vitamin E–gene interactions in aging and inflammatory age-related diseases: Implications for treatment. A systematic review
Authors: Eugenio Mocchegiani, Laura Costarelli, Robertina Giacconi, Marco Malavolta, Andrea Basso, Francesco Piacenza, Rita Ostan, Elisa Cevenini, Efstathios S. Gonos, Claudio Franceschi, Daniela Monti
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2014)
Therapeutic Advances and Treatment Options in Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Douglas B. Johnson, Jeffrey A. Sosman
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Over the past several years, management of advanced melanoma has been transformed by the development and approval of novel therapeutic approaches. Genetically targeted therapies are now effective treatment options for the approximately 50% of patients whose melanomas harbor activating point mutations in<i>BRAF</i>. Combination regimens of small-molecule inhibitors have been developed to delay the onset of acquired resistance. Specifically, combined BRAF and MEK inhibition improves response rates and survival compared with single-agent BRAF inhibitors and has now received regulatory approval. During the same time frame, excitement has surrounded the development of immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors. New immune checkpoint inhibitors blocking cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) or programmed death-1 receptor/ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) improve patient outcomes by promoting an antitumor immune response. These agents have been associated with an increasing number of durable responses and are being developed in various combinations. In this review, we discuss the development of these targeted and immune therapies, review current patient management, and highlight future directions.
Identification of discriminators of hepatoma by gene expression profiling using a minimal dataset approach
Authors: Soek Ying Neo, Chon Kar Leow, Vinsensius B. Vega, Philip M. Long, Amirul F.M. Islam, Paul B.S. Lai, Edison T. Liu, Ee Chee Ren
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The severity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the lack of good diagnostic markers and treatment strategies have rendered the disease a major challenge. Previous microarray analyses of HCC were restricted to the selected tissue sample sets without validation on an independent series of tissue samples. We describe an approach to the identification of a composite discriminator cassette by intersecting different microarray datasets. We studied the global transcriptional profiles of matched HCC tumor and nontumor liver samples from 37 patients using cDNA (cDNA) microarrays. Application of nonparametric Wilcoxon statistical analyses (P < 1 x 10(-6)) and the criteria of 1.5-fold differential gene expression change resulted in the identification of 218 genes, including BMI-1, ERBB3, and those involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Elevated ERBB2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression levels were detected in ERBB3-expressing tumors, suggesting the presence of ERBB3 cognate partners. Comparison of our dataset with an earlier study of approximately 150 tissue sets identified multiple overlapping discriminator markers, suggesting good concordance of data despite differences in patient populations and technology platforms. These overlapping discriminator markers could distinguish HCC tumor from nontumor liver samples with reasonable precision and the features were unlikely to appear by chance, as measured by Monte Carlo simulations. More significantly, validation of the discriminator cassettes on an independent set of 58 liver biopsy specimens yielded greater than 93% prediction accuracy. In conclusion, these data indicate the robustness of expression profiling in marker discovery using limited patient tissue specimens as well as identify novel genes that are highly likely to be excellent markers for HCC diagnosis and treatment.