tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alcohol consumption and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis
Authors: Lindsay M Morton, Tongzhang Zheng, Theodore R Holford, Elizabeth A Holly, Brian CH Chiu, Adele Seniori Costantini, Emanuele Stagnaro, Eleanor V Willett, Luigino Dal Maso, Diego Serraino, Ellen T Chang, Wendy Cozen, Scott Davis, Richard K Severson, Leslie Bernstein, Susan T Mayne, Fred R Dee, James R Cerhan, Patricia Hartge
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2005)
Occupational Lung Disease
Authors: JAMES L. WEEKS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1983Occupational Lung DiseaseJAMES L. WEEKS, SC.D.JAMES L. WEEKS, SC.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-668_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his article, Richman (1) obscures some important features of the federal black lung program that are relevant to compensation for other occupational diseases. For example, a problem recognized in the "Interim Report to Congress on Occupational Diseases," but not mentioned by him is that many occupational diseases are clinically indistinguishable from those that arise from nonoccupational causes (2), as with respiratory disease (other than coal workers' pneumoconiosis) among coal miners. Given this problem, how is a workers' compensation board to decide whether to award a claim?The federal black lung program involves a broad definition of...References1. RICHMAN S. Why change? A look at the current system of disability determination and workers' compensation for occupational lung disease. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:908-14. LinkGoogle Scholar2. , An Interim Report to Congress on Occupational Disease. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor; 1980. Google Scholar3. ROGANATTFIELDJACOBSENRAEWALKERWALTON JMMSDW. Role of dust in the working environment in development of chronic bronchitis in British coal miners. Br J Ind Med. 1973;30:217-26. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. RYDERLYONSCAMPBELLGOUGH RJHJ. Emphysema in coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Br Med J. 1970;3:481-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. LYONSRYDORSEALWAGNER JRRJ. Emphysema in smoking and non-smoking coal workers with pneumoconiosis. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1981;17:75-85. MedlineGoogle Scholar6. . Legislation Authorized Benefits Without Adequate Evidence of Black Lung or Disability. Washington, D.C.: U.S. General Accounting Office; 1982. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCompensation for Occupational DiseaseSTEPHEN I. RICHMAN, J.D. 1 May 1983Volume 98, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 668-668KeywordsLungsPneumoconiosesPulmonary diseases Issue Published: 1 May 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Menarcheal age among Indian sportswomen.
Authors: S S Sharma, N B Shukla
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1992)

The subjects of the study were 85 Indian sportswomen from Delhi and the states of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Gujarat, and included outstanding players of cricket, hockey, kho-kho and table-tennis, who were winners of university, state or national championships. A sample of 77 subjects selected at random was used as the control. The recall procedures suggested by Damon and Bajema (1974) were used. The combined mean age at menarche for sportswomen is 13.56 years and for the control sample is 12.7 years. Menarche was significantly delayed in those sportswomen who embarked on physical training activities before the onset of menstruation. There are also variations in the mean menarcheal age between participants in different sports specialities.
Vascular Smooth Muscle Progenitor Cells
Authors: Mark W. Majesky, Xiu Rong Dong, Jenna N. Regan, Virginia J. Hoglund
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Molecular pathways that control the specification, migration, and number of available smooth muscle progenitor cells play key roles in determining blood vessel size and structure, capacity for tissue repair, and progression of age-related disorders. Defects in these pathways produce malformations of developing blood vessels, depletion of smooth muscle progenitor cell pools for vessel wall maintenance and repair, and aberrant activation of alternative differentiation pathways in vascular disease. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that uniquely specify and maintain vascular smooth muscle cell precursors is essential if we are to use advances in stem and progenitor cell biology and somatic cell reprogramming for applications directed to the vessel wall.
Missing Dosage Schedules
Authors: Bernard D. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editors.—</h3> The impressive article, "Therapy With Progestational Agents in Advanced Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy," by Geller et al (<b>210:</b>1421, 1969) contains a very annoying inadequacy. Nowhere in the article do the authors present the dosage schedules they used in their studies. Without this information, the reader obviously cannot make an intelligent evaluation of the authors' work or make an attempt to duplicate their results. It also would be helpful to learn of any possible undesirable side effects from the agents which they used. No mention of such side effects, even in a negative sense, is included in the authors' current commuication.
The core domain of retrotransposon integrase in Hordeum: predicted structure and evolution
Authors: A. Suoniemi, J. Tanskanen, O. Pentikainen, M. S. Johnson, A. H. Schulman
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

Propagation of long terminal repeat (LTR)-bearing retrotransposons and retroviruses requires integrase (IN, EC 2.7.7.-), encoded by the retroelements themselves, which mediates the insertion of cDNA copies back into the genome. An active retrotransposon family, BARE-1, comprises approximately 7% of the barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) genome. We have generated models for the secondary and tertiary structure of BARE-1 IN and demonstrate their similarity to structures for human immunodeficiency virus 1 and avian sarcoma virus INs. The IN core domains were compared for 80 clones from 28 Hordeum accessions representative of the diversity of the genus. Based on the structural model, variations in the predicted, aligned translations from these clones would have minimal structural and functional effects on the encoded enzymes. This indicates that Hordeum retrotransposon IN has been under purifying selection to maintain a structure typical of retroviral INs. These represent the first such analyses for plant INs.
Nosocomial Legionnaires' Disease: A Continuing Common-Source Epidemic at Wadsworth Medical Center
Authors: CHARLES E. HALEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Forty-nine cases of Legionnaires' disease were identified from May 1977 through July 1978 in patients and employees at Wadsworth Medical Center. Cases clustered in October and November 1977. Fifteen patients died. All Legionnaires' disease (LD) patients were in the hospital before onset of illness (median time from admission to onset, 17 days; range, 3 to 276 days). Twenty patients were immunosuppressed or compromised by malignancy. In 1977, six of 12 renal-homograft recipients acquired LD pneumonia in contrast to three of 22 during the preceding 3 years (P = 0.031, Fisher's exact test). In a prospective survey of 1658 consecutive hospital admissions, seven cases of Legionnaires' diseases occurred (0.4%), including six among 14 patients who seroconverted to the LD bacterium. Prevalence of a reciprocal titer of 128 or above in Wadsworth employees was significantly greater than in a nearby control population (P = 0.044, Fisher's exact test). Exposure to the external hospital environment may be an important factor, and soil may be a reservoir for the LD bacterium. Legionnaires' disease at Wadsworth may be a nosocomial pneumonia affecting a small group of patients with particular risk factors.
Studies on the inhibitory effect of erythrose on the development of experimental cholera.
Authors: P. K. Bhattacharya, J. R. Chowdhury, A. G. Datta
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Adenotonsillectomy-Holden and MaherMEMWot 1351Operative blood loss was measured gravimetrically and the mean loss was found to be 128.1 ml.Nine patients had lost more than 10% of their total blood volume.A comparison of the effects of two anaesthetic agents, halo- thane and ether, on the operative blood loss was studied.No significant difference between the two agents was observed.The need for early blood transfusion where haemorrhagic complications occur is emphasized.It is suggested that a pre-operative deficit of fluid intake combined with post-operative vomiting and haemorrhage can lead to a fluid deficiency requiring early intravenous replace- ment.We wish to thank Mr. P. V. Reading and Mr. L. F.
Going to the Moon in Health Care
Authors: Ezekiel J Emanuel
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early prediction of anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery by measuring peritoneal cytokines: Prospective study
Authors: Burak Uğraş, Murat Giriş, Yeşim Erbil, Murat Gökpınar, Gamze Çıtlak, Halim İşsever, Alp Bozbora, Serdar Öztezcan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2007)
Reducing the Burden of Headache
Authors: A. Walling
Journal: BMJ (2003)

People who study, treat, or suffer from headache know that it “don't get no respect.” Nevertheless, great progress is being made. Advances in basic science are raising appreciation of its complex pathophysiology. New drugs (and greater application of evidence based recommendations) allow more effective management of several types of headache. It is time to add progress in measuring and articulating the societal or public health aspects of headache to the momentum towards “legitimacy.” Eds J Olesen, T J Steiner, R B Lipton Oxford University Press, £85, pp 425 ISBN 0 19 851589 8 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img> The importance of making the burden of headache more widely known goes … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
Sex steroids, bone mass, and bone loss. A prospective study of pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women.
Authors: C Slemenda, C Longcope, M Peacock, S Hui, C C Johnston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Although bone loss around the time of menopause is driven by estrogen deficiency, the roles of estrogens and androgens in the preservation of skeletal mass at other stages of life are less well understood. To address this issue we studied 231 women between the ages of 32 and 77 with multiple measurements of sex steroids and bone mass over a period of 2-8 yr. In all women bone mass was negatively associated with concentrations of sex-hormone binding globulin, and positively associated with weight. Bone loss occurred from all skeletal sites in peri- and postmenopausal women, but premenopausal women lost bone only from the hip (-0.3%/yr) and had positive rates of change in the radius and spine. Bone loss was significantly associated with lower androgen concentrations in premenopausal women, and with lower estrogens and androgens in peri- and postmenopausal women. Sex steroids are important for the maintenance of skeletal integrity before menopause, and for as long as 20-25 yr afterwards.
Association of Rapid-Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Clinical Acute Pancreatitis Positive for Autoantibodies to the Exocrine Pancreas
Authors: Takao Taniguchi, Junnya Tanaka, Shuji Seko, Kazuichi Okazaki, Motozumi Okamoto
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

A 24-year-old woman presented with epigastralgia on day 0. About 2 weeks before day 0, she had a low- grade fever for a few days. On day 3, she consulted a clinic, where hyperamylasemia (2.8 multiples of the upper normal limit) and swelling of the pancreas on ultrasonography were detected. The subject’s fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level was 85 mg/dl. Her serum insulin and C-peptide levels, as measured later with the frozen plasma, were 20.5 μU/ml and 7.7 ng/ml, respectively. On day 5, the subject’s serum amylase was 4.58 multiples of the upper normal limit. On day 6, her FPG level was elevated to 370 mg/dl and her urinary ketone showed +++. After treatment with intravenous administration of glucose, insulin, and ulinastatin (serine protease inhibitor) at the clinic, she was referred and admitted to Ohtsu Red Cross Hospital. The subject had no history of diabetes, pancreatitis, or alcohol consumption. Her BMI was 17.2 kg/m2, her serum amylase was …
The importance of interleukin 1β in<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> associated disease
Authors: E M EL-OMAR
Journal: Gut (2001)

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with divergent clinical outcomes that range from simple asymptomatic gastritis to more serious conditions such as peptic ulcer disease and gastric neoplasia. The key determinants of these outcomes are the severity and distribution of the H pylori induced gastritis. Gastritis that is largely confined to the antral region is associated with excessive acid secretion and a high risk of duodenal ulcer disease.1 In contrast, gastritis that involves the acid secreting corpus region leads to hypochlorhydria, progressive gastric atrophy, and an increased risk of gastric cancer.2 The association of H pylori with such variable outcome poses a fascinating scientific challenge, the unravelling of which will not only explain how ulcers and gastric cancer develop but will also act as a paradigm for gene-environment interactions in most human diseases. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β is emerging as a key mediator of many pathophysiological events that characterise host-environment interactions. In this article we discuss the role of IL-1β in H pylori associated disease.

The key pathophysiological event in H pylori infection is initiation of an inflammatory response. Bacteria or their products trigger this inflammatory process and the main mediators are cytokines. Cytokines, including interleukins, are soluble peptide molecules that mediate the interaction between immunocompetent and haematopoietic cells and between the immune and neuroendocrine systems.3 They are produced by a variety of activated cells and exert their biological effects through binding to specific receptors on target cells. IL-1β is the archetypal pleiotropic cytokine being produced by many cells and exerting its biological effects on almost all cell types.4 IL-1β is a potent proinflammatory cytokine and is involved in the host's response to many antigenic challenges.

Nearly all microbes/microbial products and many non-microbial agents stimulate transcription and synthesis of IL-1β. Some of the more interesting non-microbial …
SOCS1 Silencing Enhances Antitumor Activity of Type I IFNs by Regulating Apoptosis in Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells
Authors: Kathrin Zitzmann, Stephan Brand, Enrico N. De Toni, Sebastian Baehs, Burkhard Göke, Jennifer Meinecke, Gerald Spöttl, Heinrich H.H.D. Meyer, Christoph J. Auernhammer
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

IFN-alpha is commonly used for biotherapy of neuroendocrine carcinomas. However, its antitumor efficacy is often limited due to IFN resistance. In this study, we evaluate the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling protein 1 (SOCS1) in modulating the effects of type I IFNs (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) in human neuroendocrine BON1 and CM tumor cells. In both cell lines, type I IFNs activated signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) and significantly decreased cell viability. However, the effects of IFN-beta were significantly more pronounced than those of IFN-alpha and involved the induction of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway as shown by cleavage of caspase-8, Bid, and caspase-9. Stable overexpression of SOCS1 completely abolished the apoptotic effects of both type I IFNs. In contrast, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of SOCS1 resulted in strongly enhanced type I IFN signaling as shown by increased and prolonged STAT phosphorylation and stronger induction of apoptosis. Silencing of SOCS1 was associated with down-regulation of basal Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and up-regulation of basal Bak and Bax, suggesting that reduced SOCS1 expression might lower the threshold of susceptibility to type I IFN-mediated apoptosis by decreasing the ratio of antiapoptotic to proapoptotic molecules. In summary, our results indicate an important role of SOCS1 in IFN resistance of neuroendocrine tumor cells, mediated through negative regulation of type I IFN-induced Jak/STAT signaling. Knocking down SOCS1 by siRNA is a promising new approach to enhance the therapeutic potency of type I IFNs in neuroendocrine tumors.
Sex Hormone Upset in Africans
Authors: J. N. P. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1949)

_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EIA ORAL treated, the toxicity rate during the early portion of treat- ment is 1.37%, and that for the out-patient phase of treatment 2.14%-thus giving an estimated total toxicity rate of 3.51 %.In Table XI these figures are broken down according to the stage of disease when first treated.TABLE Xl.-Analysis of Raites of Toxic Reactions SePrimary Sero-pos.Secondary Total Toxicity rate during hospital phase of treatment .141%°113%o 1-720 1-37% Late toxicity rate .1 9t% 2-63% 1-54% 2-14°/Overall toxicity rate. 3-32%3-76% 3-26%3-51% Summary and ConclusionsAn analysis of the results of treatment of 1,028 patients treated for early syphilis, with a schedule consisting of 4,000,000 units of penicillin combined with one course of neoarsphen- amine and bismuth, is described.There was a high rate of "default " from surveillance due to the rapid release of patients from the Service.In order to offset this and to obtain a true statistical picture an actuarial method has been used.If all patients who were considered by the clinician con- cerned to have become reinfected were accounted for as relapses, then the total cumulative relapse rate at 18 months was found to' be 15 ,' and the cumulative muco-cutaneous infectious relapse rate 8.2 %/.If four of the ten cases clinically diagnosed as reinfections are accepted as such these relapse rates would be 10.8 and 500 respectively.These results would seem to be more satisfactory than those reported by others using commercial penicillin alone and in combination with mapharside by the semi-intensive method.Treatment failures (cases showing sero-resistance) were small in number, being 0.9 %,b of sero-positive primary cases and 3.87% of secondary cases.Toxic reactions were of a very low incidence, occurring in 3.51 ,% of all patients treated, and there were no' fatalities.We are indebted to Brigadier J. Bennett, Director of Medicine and Consulting Physician to the Army, and Brigadier H. T. Findlay,
Health Science Information Management and Continuing Education of Physicians
Authors: John W. Williamson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Purpose: To identify self-perceived problems in managing science information needs of U.S. primary practitioners and their opinion leaders. Sample: A two-stage random sample of the American Medical Association's "Masterlist of Physicians" to identify 625 office-based physicians, including general practice, family practice, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and 100 physician opinion leaders. Data Collection: A formal telephone survey was completed for 79% of practitioners and 90% of opinion leaders sampled, using a pretested instrument applied by trained telephone surveyors. Results of Data Analysis: Both practitioners and opinion leaders claimed that published reviews were the most useful means of identifying their information needs. When asked about use of six recent clinical advances, that is, "markers," for example, hemoglobin-A1C for diabetic control, as many as one fifth to one half were not using or were not aware of such an advance. Less than 1 in 3 practitioners personally searched the literature when information was needed; 2 in 3 claimed literature volume was unmanageable; 9 of 10 practitioners and opinion leaders assessed the scientific value of literature obtained, primarily from their own experience, with less than 1 in 10 contacting research methods specialists. Respondents suggested various innovations to better manage their science information needs in the future. Conclusions: Primary practitioners require substantial help in meeting current science information needs. Increase in such resources as "validated reviews" or "expert networks" might help meet these needs.
"Healthy People 2010": national health objectives for the United States
Authors: R. M Davis
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Establishing health objectives for a population is an important component of programmes aimed at improving and protecting public health. At whatever level it is used—community, state, country, or continent—a system to develop and attain health objectives serves several useful purposes (see box below). Adoption of health objectives at the national (or international) level can encourage the adoption of health objectives in smaller jurisdictions, tailored to local needs and circumstances. #### Summary points Despite the clear benefits of establishing health objectives for populations, their use is still not universal. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, for example, have promulgated broad national health objectives, but Canada has not. Europe has distinguished itself among continents by establishing regional health objectives. #### Purposes of establishing health objectives
Rabies and Snake Bites
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal