tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer stem cells in the development of liver cancer
Authors: Taro Yamashita, Xin Wei Wang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Liver cancer is an aggressive disease with a poor outcome. Several hepatic stem/progenitor markers are useful for isolating a subset of liver cells with stem cell features, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). These cells are responsible for tumor relapse, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Liver CSCs dictate a hierarchical organization that is shared in both organogenesis and tumorigenesis. An increased understanding of the molecular signaling events that regulate cellular hierarchy and stemness, and success in defining key CSC-specific genes, have opened up new avenues to accelerate the development of novel diagnostic and treatment strategies. This Review highlights recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of liver CSCs and discusses unanswered questions about the concept of liver CSCs.
Keratoderma with scleroatrophy of the extremities or sclerotylosis (Huriez syndrome): a reappraisal
Authors: E. DELAPORTE, C. N'GUYEN-MAILFER, A. JANIN, J.B. SAVARY, F. VASSEUR, N. FEINGOLD, F. PIETTE, H. BERGOEND
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Keratoderma with scleroatrophy of the extremities, also referred to as Huriez syndrome, is a rare, autosomal dominant condition, first described in 42 of 132 members of two families from northern France. The term sclerotylosis was proposed because of the pseudosclerodermatous appearance of the hands and digits. The distinctive feature of this syndrome is the risk of the development of squamous cell carcinoma on affected skin. Since the initial description of this disease, three other families, and possibly a fourth, have been reported. In the present study, we reassessed the clinical, pathological and genetic data in 114 members of one of the two original families, of whom 27 were affected by this syndrome.
Health Effects and Further Consequences of the Train From Golmud to Lhasa
Authors: Matiram Pun
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters5 May 2009Health Effects and Further Consequences of the Train From Golmud to LhasaMatiram Pun, MBBSMatiram Pun, MBBSFrom Tribhuyan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with great interest the article by West (1) about the train from Golmud, China, to Lhasa, Tibet; its pathophysiologic aspects; and the approaches taken to address them. However, a few more points should be made.First, it is important to consider the possible effects of high-altitude travel on travelers who have different kinds of comorbid conditions (for example, diseases of the heart and lung) (2) and the effects of long, high-altitude, and sedentary travel on the blood coagulation profile and other conditions, such as deep venous thrombosis, the antiphospholipid syndrome (3), sickle cell disease, and ...References1. West JB. A new approach to very-high-altitude land travel: the train to Lhasa, Tibet. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149:898-900. [PMID: 19075209] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Luks AM, Swenson ER. Travel to high altitude with pre-existing lung disease. Eur Respir J. 2007;29:770-92. [PMID: 17400877] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Basnyat B, Graham L, Lee SD, Lim Y. A language barrier, abdominal pain, and double vision. Lancet. 2001;357:2022. [PMID: 11438136] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Saito M, Pan WK, Gilman RH, Bautista CT, Bamrah S, Martín CA, et al. Comparison of altitude effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection between rural and urban communities in Peru. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;75:49-54. [PMID: 16837708] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Into thin air: high-altitude train travel on the Qinghai–Lhasa railway; interview with Dr. John West, MD, PhD, of the University of California San Diego. 16 December 2008. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149. Accessed at www.annals.org/podcast/2008-v149.shtml on 4 March 2009. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Tribhuyan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoA New Approach to Very-High-Altitude Land Travel: The Train to Lhasa, Tibet John B. West Metrics 5 May 2009Volume 150, Issue 9Page: 653KeywordsChinese peopleHeart diseasesHypoxiaLungsOxygenProtein C deficiencyProtein S deficiencySickle cell diseaseSleepTuberculosis ePublished: 5 May 2009 Issue Published: 5 May 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The cluster headache
Authors: R. C. Duvoisin
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Within the migraine family there is a very distinctive variety of headache. The symptoms are unilateral, abrupt in onset, brief in duration, and appear consistently on the same side. Attacks recur often, usually daily, with remarkable regularity, for a period of one or two months and then subside to return only after an interval of months or years. Because of this distinctive temporal pattern, the descriptive term "cluster headache" suggested by Kunkle et al<sup>1</sup>a number of years ago has gained general recognition and largely displaced previous designations such as histamine cephalgia, ciliary neuralgia, and periodic migrainous cephalgia. <h3>Symptoms</h3> The typical patient with cluster headache seeks medical aid because of a unilateral headache recurring frequently, perhaps daily, which is not relieved by the usual analgesics. The headache begins suddenly and without warning, with a pulling, tugging, or pressing sensation behind one eye. It progresses rapidly within minutes to a
Routine Screening for Cancer of the Prostate
Authors: Glenn S. Gerber, Gerald W. Chodak
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

The value of screening for prostate cancer remains unclear. Although digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasono-graphy, and determination of serum prostate-specific antigen levels may lead to early detection of a malignancy, these procedures have never been shown to reduce disease-specific mortality from prostate cancer. Unfortunately, several potential errors found in uncontrolled trials may suggest benefit from screening where none exists. Only a large, randomized, controlled clinical study demonstrating decreased mortality from prostate cancer can prove that screening is beneficial. Until such a study is performed, patients should be informed of both the potential benefits and the risks of screening and treatment. [J Natl Cancer Inst 83:329–335, 1991]
Amantadine and Pulmonary Peripheral Airways
Authors: JOHN C. RUCKDESCHEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments and Corrections1 March 1977Amantadine and Pulmonary Peripheral AirwaysJOHN C. RUCKDESCHEL, M.D.JOHN C. RUCKDESCHEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-3-359_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent article by Little and co-workers, "Amantadine Effect on Peripheral Airways Abnormalities in Influenza" (Ann Intern Med 85:177-182, 1976), suggests mechanisms by which amantadine might influence the recovery phase of an influenza infection. There are few or no data to support or refute the possible effects of amantadine on bronchial tone or airway reactivity, but there is evidence to suggest a role for amantadine in the modification of the inflammatory response of peripheral airways.Amantadine is known to be a suppressant of in-vitro lymphocyte responsiveness to specific antigen (1) and is toxic to lymphocytes at high...References1. MARDINEYBREDT MA: The immunosuppressive effect of amantadine upon the response of lymphocytes to specific antigen in vitro. Transplantation 12:183-188, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. TOGOHORNICKFELITTI YRV: Evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of amantadine HCl and rimantadine HCl in naturally occurring A2 influenza. JAMA 211:1149-1156, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. RUCKDESCHELGRAZIANOMARDINEY JKM: Additional evidence that the cell-associated immune system is the primary host defense against measles (Rubeola). Cell Immunol 17:11-18, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WALDMANNHENNEY RC: Cell-mediated immunity and antibody responses in the respiratory tract after local and systemic immunization. J Exp Med 134:482-494, 1971. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. OGRAKERR-GRANTUMANA PDG: Antibody response in serum and nasopharynx after naturally acquired and vaccine-induced infection with rubella virus. N Engl J Med 285:1333-1339, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. KILBOURNEBUTLERROSSER EWR: Specific immunity in influenza—summary of influenza workshop III. J Infect Dis 127: 220-236, 1973 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. BLEIDNERHARMONHEWES WJW: Absorption, distribution and excretion of amantadine hydrochloride. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 150:484-490, 1965 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1977Volume 86, Issue 3Page: 359-360KeywordsAntigensLymphocytesPulmonary diseases Issue Published: 1 March 1977 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Shapers of American Health Care Policy: An Oral History
Authors: William Campbell Felch
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Reading this interesting book reminds one of the old saw about a volume entitled<i>An Objective Account of the War Between the States—Written From the Viewpoint of the South.</i>One does not have to turn many pages to gather that the "shapers" depicted are nearly all people connected with the hospital industry and that the "health care policy" detailed is looked at mostly from the viewpoint of hospitals and their leaders. Readers looking for the perspective of organized medicine about the same era (roughly the last 50 years) should turn to Frank Campion's excellent book<i>The AMA and US Health Policy Since 1940</i>. Those looking for historical and economic viewpoints could tackle Rosemary Stevens or Paul Starr. Despite its somewhat restricted scope, this book makes fascinating reading. It employs the modern technique of oral history, in which the participants in certain important events or activities are interviewed separately. The taped
Effect of oral 13-cis-retinoic acid on serum lipids
Authors: F. LYONS, M.F. LAKER, J.R. MARSDEN, R. MANUEL, SAM SHUSTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Serum lipid concentrations were measured in eighteen patients with severe acne before, during and after treatment with 0.8 mg/kg 13-cis-retinoic acid for 3 months. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations increased and HDL-cholesterol concentrations fell significantly during therapy. There were significant abnormalities of liver function and small decreases in indices of thyroid function. These changes had reverted to normal by 1 month after treatment. The data suggest that use of the drug in acne is likely to be limited by its toxicity.
Reply to Helmut Madersbacher and Klaus-Peter Jünemann’s Letter to the Editor re: Christopher R. Chapple, Vik Khullar, Zahava Gabriel, et al. The Effects of Antimuscarinic Treatments in Overactive Bladder: An Update of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur Urol 2008;54:543–62
Authors: Christopher Chapple
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Ovarian Stockpiling in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Infertility, and the Combined Use of Rosiglitazone and Metformin
Authors: Tarik A. Elhadd, Tarek Fiad, Lorna Meer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

We read with interest the recent report by Vaughan and Bell (1), in which the addition of rosiglitazone to metformin to control glycemia in their 46-year-old patient of Euroasian decent resulted in an unplanned and unexpected, yet successful, pregnancy. This case is another anecdote for the potential usefulness of the glitazone class of drugs in treating the infertility of women …
GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN THE SURGERY OF CHILDHOOD
Authors: WILLIAM C. WOOLSEY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

A presentation of the subject of general anesthesia in children has become an annual occurrence of the Section on Diseases of Children of the American Medical Association, and should be a valuable one if it does nothing more than recall to mind the constantly active factor that narcosis constitutes in the morbidity and mortality of childhood's various surgical procedures. In addition to thus refreshing the hearer's minds, it adds from time to time record of the advances that have been made in the technic and practicability of the art, and acts as an incentive to further investigation and study. The specialist in anesthesia, as in every other branch of surgery, brings forth that which is ultrascientific, often complex, not that he so far lacks in common sense as to expect every practitioner to adopt it, but that, having the ideal in mind, the general standard may be elevated. Several important
Psychological Sequelae of the September 11 Terrorist Attacks in New York City
Authors: Sandro Galea, Jennifer Ahern, Heidi Resnick, Dean Kilpatrick, Michael Bucuvalas, Joel Gold, David Vlahov
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The scope of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, was unprecedented in the United States. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of acute post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among residents of Manhattan five to eight weeks after the attacks.
New Therapy for Endometriosis
Authors: Robert L. Barbieri
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Endometriosis is the presence of tissue resembling endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus. The anatomical sites most often affected by endometriosis are the ovaries, uterosacral ligaments, pelvic peritoneum, rectovaginal septum, cervix, vagina, vulva, and large bowel. Most authorities believe that endometriotic tissue arises as the result of retrograde transport of small fragments of viable endometrium from the uterine cavity through the Fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity. Disease processes such as congenital cervical stenosis, which increase the severity of retrograde menstruation, appear to increase the risk of endometriosis.Endometriotic tissue is completely dependent on estrogen for continued growth. . . .
Malpractice Crisis: The Flood of Legislation
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

TWO earlier columns this year recognized the malpractice insurance crisis of 1975. These writings were primarily analytical, since legislative reaction had not yet occurred except in a few states. Now, in the late autumn, most of the year's activity in the state assemblies has taken place, and the results can be assessed in rough fashion. Detailed review and thorough understanding of the effects of these changes will take some months. Comprehension of the operational implications of some of the more radical reforms will take much longer, since court tests of interpretation, consistency, and constitutionality could consume years of time and . . .
Atrial natriuretic peptide is negatively regulated by microRNA-425
Authors: Pankaj Arora, Connie Wu, Abigail May Khan, Donald Bendit Bloch, Brandi Nicole Davis-Dusenbery, Anahita Ghorbani, Ester Spagnolli, Andrew Martinez, Allicia Ryan, Laurel T. Tainsh, Samuel M Kim, Jian Rong, Tianxiao Huan, Jane E. Freedman, Daniel Levy, Karen Klahr Miller, Akiko Hata, Federica Del Monte, Sara Vandenwijngaert, Melissa Swinnen, Stefan Janssens, Tara M. Holmes, Emmanuel Buys, Kenneth Daniel Bloch, Christopher Holmes Newton-Cheh, Thomas Wang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Numerous common genetic variants have been linked to blood pressure, but no underlying mechanism has been elucidated. Population studies have revealed that the variant rs5068 (A/G) in the 3′ untranslated region of NPPA, the gene encoding atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), is associated with blood pressure. We selected individuals on the basis of rs5068 genotype (AG vs. AA) and fed them a low- or high-salt diet for 1 week, after which they were challenged with an intravenous saline infusion. On both diets, before and after saline administration, ANP levels were up to 50% higher in AG individuals than in AA individuals, a difference comparable to the changes induced by high-salt diet or saline infusion. In contrast, B-type natriuretic peptide levels did not differ by rs5068 genotype. We identified a microRNA, miR-425, that is expressed in human atria and ventricles and is predicted to bind the sequence spanning rs5068 for the A, but not the G, allele. miR-425 silenced NPPA mRNA in an allele-specific manner, with the G allele conferring resistance to miR-425. This study identifies miR-425 as a regulator of ANP production, raising the possibility that miR-425 antagonists could be used to treat disorders of salt overload, including hypertension and heart failure.
Motility of neutrophils and monocytes in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Authors: J M Rhodes, D P Jewell
Journal: Gut (1983)

Random motility and chemotaxis of peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes from patients with Crohn9s disease and ulcerative colitis have been measured using a modified Boyden Chamber filter assay. Increased random motility and chemotaxis of monocytes were found in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Monocyte motility was normal in Crohn9s disease and no abnormality of neutrophil motility or chemotaxis was found in either disease. Drug therapy with prednisolone or sulphasalazine received in vivo was found to have no effect on the motility of the washed neutrophils and monocytes in vitro. This work adds to the evidence that monocytes are activated in ulcerative colitis but does not support the hypothesis that Crohn9s disease is due to an inherent defect in phagocyte motility.
1221 NO S282T MUTATION DETECTED BY DEEP SEQUENCING IN A LARGE NUMBER OF HCV PATIENTS WHO RECEIVED GS-7977 WITH RBV AND/OR GS-0938: THE QUANTUM STUDY
Authors: E. Svarovskaia, H. Dvory-Sobol, V. Gontcharova, R. Martin, R. Hyland, W.T. Symonds, J. Lalezari, M.D. Miller, H. Mo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Probable Extensive Ischemic Damage of the Small Bowel with Spontaneous Recovery
Authors: Baroukh E. Kodsi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

THE arterial type of small-bowel infarction is the result of acute occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery or one of its branches, and, depending upon the size of the involved vessel and the collateral circulation, the process may be massive or segmental. The diagnosis of massive small-bowel infarction, which is usually an easy clinical exercise, calls for immediate surgery because the mortality approaches 100 per cent in untreated cases. The present report describes a unique case of extensive and probably ischemic damage of the small bowel with spontaneous recovery.Case ReportA 55-year-old woman with mild diabetes suffered from rheumatic . . .
The onset of LV failure in pressure overload hypertrophy is more closely related to deleterious chamber remodeling than to myocardial dysfunction
Authors: G. Norton, R. McGinn, T. Mela, E.S. Chung, A. Woodiwiss, G. Aungemma, W.H. Gaasch, T.E. Meyer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Tetanus Antitoxin Skin Tests
Authors: Robert E. Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The report by Dr. Eade, entitled "The Unreliability of Tetanus Antitoxin Skin Tests After Injury" (<i>JAMA</i><b>180</b>:972 [June 16] 1962), emphasizes that after severe trauma the reduced skin blood flow may be sufficient to produce a false negative, intradermal reaction to tetanus antitoxin (TAT). He states that "the usual practice after injury is to give a skin test, observe for 20 to 30 minutes, and then give TAT." Correct practice consists of obtaining a complete history of allergic conditions, especially sensitivity to horse dander or serum, and testing with normal horse serum by both the intradermal and conjunctival methods. A positive conjunctival reaction, although rarer than a positive intradermal reaction, is much more significant, and is a contraindication to administering the serum. The exact technique for performing these tests and the procedure for administration of TAT, based on the results of the history and the testing,
Attempted Suicide in Old Age
Authors: I. R. C. Batchelor, M. B. Napier
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Suicide and the mental disorders of old people are two of the foremost social and psychiatric problems of to day. Though the incidence and types of mental disorder occurring in old people have recently attracted much attention, and the rise of the suicide rate with advancing age has long been recognized, few clinical studies of suicide or suicidal attempts in this age group of the population have been reported. This is the more surpris ing since, as the proportion of old people in the com munity rises, the suicide rate may for that reason also rise. It is striking, for example, to find in a recent authoritative study of the mental disorders in later life (Kaplan, 1945) only brief reference to suicide, and no elaboration of its clinical aspects. Gruhle (1941) is often quoted in an opinion which minimizes the importance of psychoses in the genesis of suicidal acts in this age group and emphasizes, as motives, morbid reactions to physical illness and mental incapacity, idleness, boredom, loneliness, and inadapta bility in changed circumstances. Swinscow (1951) in a valuable statistical investigation has come to the conclusion that  suicide in the last 50 years has increasingly become a disorder of elderly people, and has suggested that,  as the present century has advanced, the old may have found their environment more hostile than the young. Kiorboe (1951) has made a study of 14 old people who committed and 21 who attempted suicide. His con densed findings cannot be abstracted briefly. All his cases were residents in an institution, and his sample is therefore not representative of the community at risk. His conclusions differ materially from those of this paper ?for example, he reported in his group a high incidence of syphilis, and found alcoholism to be an important factor and loneliness rare as a motive for suicide.
Osteopontin Transgenic Mice Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet Develop Early Fatty-Streak Lesions
Authors: Kikuo Isoda, Yashuhiro Kamezawa, Makoto Ayaori, Masatoshi Kusuhara, Norihiro Tada, Fumitaka Ohsuzu
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Osteopontin (OPN) is a noncollagenous adhesion protein found at the site of atherosclerotic lesions. However, it has not yet been clarified whether or not OPN can promote atherosclerotic lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the contribution of OPN to atherosclerosis by evaluating aortic sinus lesions of both OPN transgenic (Tg) and non-Tg mice fed an atherogenic diet (1.25% cholesterol) for 16 weeks. The atherosclerotic lesions were found to be significantly larger in OPN-Tg compared with those in non-Tg (17,859+/-2010 versus 6469+/-485 micro m(2), P<0.01). The lesions in both mice were fatty-streak lesions with an accumulation of mononuclear cells and lipids. We next investigated the production of interleukin (IL)-10 by macrophages from both mice. Compared with the non-Tg mice, a 42% (P<0.01) and 73% (P<0.001) decrease in the IL-10 production was identified in the OPN-Tg mice either without or with lipopolysaccharide.The expression of OPN induces fatty-streak lesion formation in mice fed an atherogenic diet and inhibits IL-10 production by macrophages, thus suggesting that OPN plays an important role in the development of fatty-streak lesions in vivo.