tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Ad Libitum15 April 2014War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh CityJack Coulehan, MD, MPHJack Coulehan, MD, MPHFrom Setauket, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M14-0148 Audio Reading - “War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh City” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh City," by J. Coulehan. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The bulk of the remnants are photographsof crimes—a naked girl whose skin is on firefrom splotches of napalm, a vacant hillsidewith dead trunks, relics of Agent Orange.Larger remnants sit on the grounds outside—an American Chinook aircraft,a Russian-built tank, a fragment of sewerfrom Thanh Phong in which three children hid.Some remnants have sprung into beingsince then—In carts and wheelchairs and bracesat the building's entrance, a chorusof song-filled children, playing instrumentswith toes and prostheses, living remnantsof hubris, as is the ingot of shamein my heart. During the applause, they nodtheir heads and smile at the audience.Jack Coulehan, MD, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Setauket, New York.Current Author Address: Jack Coulehan, MD, MPH; e-mail, John.[email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh City” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh City," by J. Coulehan. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 2014Volume 160, Issue 8Page: 564KeywordsChildrenCombined antiretroviral therapyHeartWheelchairs ePublished: 15 April 2014 Issue Published: 15 April 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cooperative IFN-γ production of mouse liver B cells and natural killer cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Atsushi Matsumoto, Manabu Kinoshita, Satoshi Ono, Hironori Tsujimoto, Takashi Majima, Yoshiko Habu, Nariyoshi Shinomiya, Shuhji Seki
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Polyfunctional T-cells and effector memory phenotype are associated with active TB in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Teresa Chiacchio, Elisa Petruccioli, Valentina Vanini, Gilda Cuzzi, Carmela Pinnetti, Alessandro Sampaolesi, Andrea Antinori, Enrico Girardi, Delia Goletti
Journal: Journal of Infection (2014)
A 15-Year Follow-up Study of Ventilatory Function in Adults with Asthma
Authors: Peter Lange, Jan Parner, Jørgen Vestbo, Peter Schnohr, Gorm Jensen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Although the prevalence of asthma and morbidity related to asthma are increasing, little is known about the natural history of lung function in adults with this disease.
Obtaining Drug for AIDS-Related Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

SULFADIAZINE, a sulfa drug commonly used in combination with pyrimethamine for the treatment of toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in newborns with congenital infection, may become available again under an Investigational New Drug (IND) protocol from the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Ga.  The CDC has obtained permission from the the Food and Drug Administration to proceed with an IND protocol under which sulfadiazine may be imported and made available to physicians without charge until a domestic commercial source is reestablished.  The only US manufacturer of the drug ceased production in October 1992, leaving no large inventories ( MMWR . 1992; 41:950-951 and JAMA . 1993;269:461). According to Dennis Juranek, DVM, MS, chief of epidemiology activity at the CDC's Division of Parasitic Diseases, physicians can now obtain a 6-week supply of the drug under the CDC IND, for treating acute toxoplasmosis infection in patients
Patient-centred care after Shipman
Authors: E Tierney
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

Professor Baker (April 2004 JRSM1) believes that the Shipman case exposed a medical culture in need of radical reform. In laying blame on the medical profession he tends to ignore those who were primarily responsible for delay in detecting Shipman's murderous behaviour.

We now know that Shipman was a criminal who at the same time was a registered medical practitioner. It was in the public domain that Shipman had a criminal record dating back to his time in practice in Todmorden, West Yorkshire. Following his disgrace and his rehabilitation, he applied to enter practice in Hyde, Cheshire. His new family practitioner committee failed to check whether he had had a previous criminal record.

During Shipman's time in practice in Hyde, the family practitioner committee had medical advisors visiting practices, and part of the advisors' duties was to check doctors' drug registers. Pharmaceutical inspectors visited chemist outlets regularly and likewise examined drug registers.

In both of Shipman's convictions, any failure in either the storage of drugs or the recording of drugs in drug registers had to be the responsibility of Government inspectors to enforce regulations available to them at the time or to detect irregularities in their system. What information was passed by all of those professional State-paid inspectors to alert the appropriate authorities with regard to Shipman's activities? Our coroners were not vigilant. Thus they failed in their duties. The police, though alerted, failed to investigate fully a complaint. Funeral directors also had a public duty. Government statistical analysts through their computerized information should have noticed an abnormal trend. Yet Professor Baker writes about systems that failed at the patient-doctor level and at the patient-professional level.

It is true that there was and is a system failure in death certification. The medical profession, the Royal Colleges, the BMA and the General Medical Council collectively and separately over the years lobbied for changes in death certification. As a profession we recognized that technology has progressed and changes were needed in many areas. Government must accept that funding is a vital element so that our monitoring systems can be upgraded. Government had failed to provide Parliamentary time to support requests from the General Medical Council and the Royal Colleges for new statutory regulations.

It was Government-paid officials who failed the people of Hyde. The statutory instruments that were available to them were not used.
Prognostic Value of 24-Hour Blood Pressure in Pregnancy
Authors: Gianni Bellomo
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Context Elevated blood pressure (BP) measured at the physician's office may reflect true hypertension or white coat hypertension (WCH).The prognostic value of WCH among pregnant women is unknown.Objective To assess the prognostic value of WCH in pregnancy.Design Prospective cohort study conducted between September 1994 and October 1997. Setting Community hospital.Patients Women without preexisting hypertension and not treated with antihypertensive drugs and with high (n = 148) or normal (n = 106) office BP (high office BP was defined as Ն140 mm Hg systolic and/or Ն90 mm Hg diastolic) matched for gestational age during their third trimester of pregnancy.All women underwent 24-hour noninvasive BP monitoring, and women without hypertension on 24-hour monitoring (125/74 mm Hg or less for average 24-hour BP) with office hypertension were classified as having WCH.Women were followed up through the end of pregnancy.Main Outcome Measures Duration of pregnancy, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia or eclampsia, cesarean delivery, placental and neonatal weight, and length of maternal and neonatal hospital stays for those with and without elevated office BP. ResultsAfter application of exclusion criteria, data for 7 women were removed from the analysis.For the remaining subjects, in the group with elevated BP, prevalence of WCH was 29.2% (42/144).Duration of pregnancy was similar in the normotensive and WCH groups (39.6 vs 39.8 weeks; P = .50),but shorter (38.3 weeks; PϽ.001) in the true hypertension group.Incidence of preeclampsia was similar in the normotensive and WCH groups (5.8% vs 7.1%; P = .86)but higher in the true hypertension group (61.7%;PϽ.001).Frequency of cesarean delivery was lower in the normotensive (12.4%) than in the WCH (45.2%;P = .008)and true hypertension (41.1%;P = .009)groups.Neonatal weight was lower (PϽ.001) in the true hypertension (mean, 2911 g) than in the normotensive (3336 g) and WCH groups (3435 g), which did not differ (P = .68).The duration of neonatal hospital stay did not differ between the normotensive and the WCH group (5.3 vs 6.9 days; P = .13)but was longer in the true hypertension group (12.3 days; PϽ.001). ConclusionsIn women with elevated BP during their third trimester of pregnancy, 24-hour BP was superior to office BP (distinguishing true hypertension from WCH) for prediction of the outcome of pregnancy.Outcomes in the normotensive and WCH group were comparable, but the increased incidence of cesarean delivery in the WCH group may reflect decision-making processes influenced by office BP.
"It Just Ain't Fair": The Ethics of Health Care for African-Americans
Authors: Linnea Capps
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Ethics issues are increasingly important topics of discussion in the medical community, from bedside ethics related to use of technology and end-of-life decision making to a host of problems raised by health care financing and managed care. A number of new texts, manuals, and articles have been published in recent years addressing some of these issues. This book attempts to go beyond the ethical issues that surround caring for individual patients to deal with issues of social justice and resource allocation. The editors are specialists in medical ethics and philosophy. Contributors come from varying backgrounds. Many are physicians, other health professionals, and students. Others are educators, sociologists, and philosophers. The book has four sections. The first, "Medical Ethics in a Political Context," according to the editors' introduction, "not only introduces the idea of African-American perspectives on biomedical ethics, but also shows some of the political underpinnings that have led to
Epigenetics Markers of Metastasis and HPV-Induced Tumorigenesis in Penile Cancer
Authors: Andrew Feber, Manit Arya, Patricia de Winter, Muhammad Saqib, Raj Nigam, Peter R. Malone, Wei Shen Tan, Simon Rodney, Matthias Lechner, Alex Freeman, Charles Jameson, Asif Muneer, Stephan Beck, John D. Kelly
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Penile cancer is a rare malignancy in the developed world with just more than 1,600 new cases diagnosed in the United States per year; however, the incidence is much higher in developing countries. Although HPV is known to contribute to tumorigenesis, little is known about the genetic or epigenetic alterations defining penile cancer. Experimental Design: Using high-density genome-wide methylation arrays, we have identified epigenetic alterations associated with penile cancer. Q-MSP was used to validate lymph node metastasis markers in 50 cases. A total of 446 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESCC) samples were used to validate HPV-associated epigenetic alterations. Results: We defined 6,933 methylation variable positions (MVP) between normal and tumor tissue, which includes 997 hypermethylated differentially methylated regions associated with tumor supressor genes, including CDO1, AR1, and WT1. Analysis of penile cancer tumors identified a 4 gene epi-signature which accurately predicted lymph node metastasis in an independent cohort (AUC of 89%). Finally, we explored the epigenetic alterations associated with penile cancer HPV infection and defined a 30 loci lineage-independent HPV specific epi-signature which predicts HPV status and survival in independent HNSCC, CESC cohorts. Epi-signature–negative patients have a significantly worse overall survival [HNSCC P = 0.00073; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.021–0.78; CESC P = 0.0094; HR = 3.91, 95% CI = 0.13–0.78], HPV epi-signature is a better predictor of survival than HPV status alone. Conclusions: These data demonstrate for the first time genome-wide epigenetic events involved in an aggressive penile cancer phenotype and define the epigenetic alterations common across multiple HPV-driven malignancies. Clin Cancer Res; 21(5); 1196–206. ©2014 AACR.
Abstract 408: Expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 is a novel prognostic predictor for patients with advanced stage high-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ching-Chou Tsai, Tarrik M. Zaid, Chloe N. Co, Tsz-Lun Yeung,, Melissa S. Thompson, Amy Carroll, Zachary P. Yeung, Kwong-Kwok Wong, Samuel C. Mok
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Objectives: Utilizing the transcriptome profiling approach to identify genes that are differentially expressed in normal ovaries, and serous borderline ovarian tumors of low-malignant potential (LMP), and low-grade ovarian serous carcinomas compared with high-grade ovarian serous carcinomas (HGSC), we identified ISG15, an ubiquitin-like molecule that is strongly up regulated by type I interferon, to be highly up-regulated in advanced stage HGSCs. We seek to validate the expression patterns of ISG15 and correlated them with clinical outcomes. Methods: Over-expression of ISG15 was confirmed in ovarian cancer cell lines and tissue by real time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Immunolocalizaation of ISG15 was performed on 155 HGSCs, 10 serous LMPs, 10 normal ovaries, and 10 fallopian tubes. Expression levels of ISG15 were quantified by Image-Pro plus software. The correlation between overall survival and progression free survival and ISG15 expression levels was performed on 155 and 130 HGSC, respectively, using both Kaplan Meier and Cox Regression analyses. Results: ISG15 expression was not detected in normal ovaries, fallopian tubes and LMPs. Over-expressed of ISG15 was confirmed in a majority of HGSC cell lines and tumor tissue. To further evaluate the clinical significance of nuclear ISG15 expression, both Cox and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed on patients with HGSC. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that ISG15 expression levels were associated with improved overall survival (HR:0.9, P=0.011). In addition, using median ISF15 staining intensity as a cut-off, Kaplan-Meier analysis and log rank test demonstrated that strong ISG15 expression was associated with improved overall and progression free survival (P&amp;lt;0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Over-expression of ISG15 is common in high-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. The expression levels in tumor cells are strongly correlated with overall survivals, suggesting ISG15 may be a powerful prognostic marker for patients with HGSC. Further functional studies on the functional role of ISG15 in ovarian cancer progression are warranted. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 408. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-408
Ultrastructure of the Legionnaires' Disease Bacterium
Authors: F. W. CHANDLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

The Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium appeared ultrastructurally identical in human lung, egg yolk membrane, and artificial media, seen as a blunt or tapering rod measuring 0.3 to 0.9 micron in diameter and greater than or equal to 2.0 micron long. Greatly elongated forms were commonly found in cultures and yold sac membranes after 5 to 7 days of growth but were only rarely seen in human lung. The LD bacterium was clearly prokaryotic. Prominent features included electron-lucent nucleoids interspersed among areas of well-defined ribosomes; cleanly circumscribed cytoplasmic vacuoles or granular inclusions; and a double envelope enclosure, each portion consisting of a triple-layered "unit" membrane, approximately 75 A wide. Division always occurred as a pinching, nonseptate process typical of bacteria with a double, gram-negative type of envelope. No definite structure was seen in the periplasmic space that might represent the peptidoglycan layer. These features of the LD bacterium confirm earlier reports of the gram-negative staining reaction of organisms obtained from cultures and preliminary evidence of their gram-negative ultrastructure. We found no unique features that would aid in the ultrastructural differentiation of the LD bacterium from other small gram-negative bacilli.
The Association of the Myasthenic Syndrome and Bronchial Carcinoma.
Authors: Frank J. Luparello
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 November 1965The Association of the Myasthenic Syndrome and Bronchial Carcinoma.Frank J. Luparello, M.D., Robert P. Blume, M.D., Pearl G. McNall, M.D.Frank J. Luparello, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Robert P. Blume, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Pearl G. McNall, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-918_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA number of neuromuscular syndromes, particularly polyneuropathy and myopathy, occur in association with bronchial carcinoma. Rarely, certain patients with bronchial carcinoma, usually of the oat cell or anaplastic type, present with clinical features resembling those of myasthenia gravis. The term "myasthenic syndrome" has been used to separate this group of patients from those with typical myasthenia gravis.In a large myasthenia gravis clinic comprised of 132 patients, the authors have recently encountered three male patients with this syndrome. The purpose of this report is to describe in detail the clinical features of these cases and to demonstrate clinical differences from... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 918-918KeywordsMyasthenia gravis Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
SHOULD MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY BECOME A FUNCTION OF THE STATE?
Authors: C. S. BACON
Journal: JAMA (1893)

In these days when the functions of the State are somewhat rapidly increasing, so that we hear without amazement proposals that the State shall undertake to manage railroads and telegraphs, and the municipality shall furnish gas and electric lights and manage street railways, we may ask if this extension of governmental activity can effect the medical profession. The right of the State to interfere in the preservation of public health is now recognized. Quarantine laws, laws regulating medical and dental education and practice, building of hospitals and asylums, etc., shows that the State assumes certain medical functions. How far they ought to extend may well be a legitimate subject of inquiry. I will omit that logically important portion of the discussion concerning the sphere of the State and assume that when anything can be better done by the State than in any other way, and that the greatest good to
Prostaglandin I2 Receptor (IP) Signaling Inhibits Alternaria-Induced IL-5 and IL-13 Expression Through Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2)
Authors: Shinji Toki, Kasia Goleniewska, Sara Reiss, Weisong Zhou, R. Stokes Peebles
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
One of the oldest cases of schizophrenia in Gogol's Diary of a Madman
Authors: E. L. Altschuler
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Besides intrinsic historical and literary interest and clinical usefulness by providing good exemplar cases, the study of the history of a disease can provide clues to its pathogenesis—it is necessary, but not sufficient, that the cause of a disease be at least as old as the disease itself. Here I note one of the oldest and most complete descriptions of schizophrenia, in Nicolai Gogol's classic short story Diary of a Madman (1834).1 #### Summary points Nicolai Gogol's classic short story Diary of a Madman (1834) contains one of the earliest, and most complete, descriptions of schizophrenia Beyond intrinsic and historical interest, this case is important because it has implications for the antiquity, and possibly the aetiology, of schizophrenia From a literary point of view, the story can be appreciated as a sketch—albeit a most brilliant one—of the disease It might seem unnecessary to need to prove that schizophrenia is an old disease because “every town had a fool.” However, the only case of schizophrenia that possibly meets the diagnostic criteria for the disease (see box) much before 1800 is that of Edgar or Poor Tom in Shakespeare's King Lear .3-5 This has led to the tentative suggestion that some factor—a virus, environmental toxin, or perhaps “modernity itself”—in play since 1800 has greatly increased the incidence of schizophrenia.3 As the signs of schizophrenia can be noticed without any laboratory test or even specialised training, the extreme dearth of old cases of schizophrenia cannot trivially be due to lack of advanced diagnostic equipment or medical education in days of yore. The “mad” ravings of a local town “fool” could have been secondary to mania, temporal lobe epilepsy,6 substance misuse or withdrawal, vitamin deficiencies, or heavy metal poisoning. #### Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia (according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual , third edition2)
"Stiff man syndrome" and trauma.
Authors: C D Hall, C C Haworth
Journal: BMJ (1971)

benztropine 2 mg t.i.d., and she was dis- charged from inpatient treatment on this dosage.She began attending a psychiatric re- habilitation day hospital shortly afterwards, and one month after starting pimozide 4 mg b.d.her schizophrenic symptomatology ap- peared to be under con rol, but she was complaining of poor visual acuity.On examination there was paralysis of the ciliary muscle of both eyes, with fixed dilated pupils, and paralysis of accommodation.She was examined by an ophthalmologist at this time and no other abnormality noticed to account for this.Pimozide was reduced to 2 mg daily as a maintenance dose, and orphenadrine 50 mg t.i.d.substituted for benztropine.Her vision and pupillary re- sponses to light and accommodation gradually returned to normal over the following two weeks.It would appear, therefore, that as well as causing Parkinsonian side effects in a dosage of 8 mg daily, pimozide caused paralysis of accommodation, and interfered with normal pupillary reactions.