tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Therapy of Bronchospasm from Muscarinic Drugs
Authors: R. BRIAN SMITH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1978Therapy of Bronchospasm from Muscarinic DrugsR. BRIAN SMITH, M.D., F.A.C.P., PETER M. WATERMAN, M.D.R. BRIAN SMITH, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, PETER M. WATERMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-2-289_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Recently Fratto (Ann Intern Med 88:362, 1978) reported a case of refractory bronchospasm believed to be activated via the muscarinic action resulting from the use of phospholine iodide eye drops. Therapy with methylxanthine bronchodilators, beta adrenergic agonists, and steroids resulted in no improvement. After 1 week the eye drops were changed and the bronchospasm improved.In retrospect perhaps one significant therapeutic agent was omitted. Atropine sulfate is used frequently by anesthesiologists to block the muscarinic effects seen with drugs used to reverse nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Rosen (1) considers the danger of giving atropine to patients with glaucoma...References1. ROSEN D: Anaesthesia in ophthalmology. Can Anaesth Soc J 9:545-549, 1962 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BENSON D: General anesthesia for plastic surgery. Clin Anesth 3:175-192, 1966 Google Scholar3. ODURO K: Glycopyrrolate methobromide. 2. Comparison with atropine sulfate in anaesthesia. Can Anaesth Soc J 22:466-473, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. RAMAMURTHYYAGANWINNIE SLA: Glycopyrrolate as a substitute for atropine: a preliminary report. Anesth Analg (Cleve) 50:732-736, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. RAMAMURTHYSHAKERWINNIE SMA: Glycopyrrolate as a substitute for atropine in neostigmine reversal of muscle relaxant drugs. Can Anaesth Soc J 19:399-411, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: R. BRIAN SMITH, M.D., F.A.C.P.; PETER M. WATERMAN, M.D.Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA 15261 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1978Volume 89, Issue 2Page: 289-290KeywordsAtropineBronchodilatorsDrug therapyDrugsGlaucomaMethylxanthineMusclesSteroids ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE MILK-SUPPLY IN THE KAISER UND KAISERIN FRIEDRICH HOSPITAL IN BERLIN.
Authors: A. BAGINSKY
Journal: JAMA (1900)

When the milk is brought into the hospital, the dairymaid takes the temperature of the milk, and makes a record of it, which is filed in the journal of the labor- atory at the end of each month.The temperature shows whether the milk has been properly cooled.It should not have a higher temperature than 10 C. If it should be higher the sender is notified, who must remedy this, and if it occurs again he is subjected to a fine.The specific weight is obtained by means of an exact areometer.If there is any doubt we first take the
Epidemiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis of onychomycosis
Authors: J. Faergemann, R. Baran
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Onychomycosis is a common nail disease, responsible for up to 50% of diseases of the nail. The distribution of different pathogens is not uniform; it depends on various factors such as climate, geography and migration. However, studies have revealed that two dermatophytes, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, account for more than 90% of onychomycoses. Onychomycosis can be divided into four major clinical presentations: distal subungal (the most common form of the disease), proximal subungal (the most common form found in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection), and superficial and total dystrophic onychomycosis. Onychomycosis is a multifactorial disease. Age has a very important effect on the occurrence of onychomycosis, with a correlation between increasing age and infection. Genetics has also been identified as a factor governing the epidemiology of onychomycosis; T. rubrum infection shows a familial pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance. Disease and lifestyle may also play a role in the epidemiology of fungal nail infections. Studies have shown that diabetes, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and peripheral arterial disease may be independent predictors of onychomycosis. Because of the multifactorial nature of the epidemiology, accurate diagnosis, pertinent treatment and patient education must be paramount when treating the disease.
Retinol-Binding Protein 4, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kenneth S. Polonsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

The current pandemic of type 2 diabetes is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance. It is therefore essential that we gain a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of these two conditions and develop new approaches for their prevention and treatment.The physiological changes responsible for the clinical manifestations of type 2 diabetes have been well characterized and include the defective secretion of insulin, enhanced hepatic glucose production, resistance to the action of insulin in its target tissues (muscle, fat, and liver), and elevated levels of triglyceride-rich particles and free fatty acids. All these abnormalities are generally present in clinically . . .
Dipyridamole-Thallium Scanning in Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery-Reply
Authors: Kim A. Eagle
Journal: JAMA (1987)

In Reply.—  We were pleased with the interest shown in our recent article. We appreciate the input of Dr Meyer and Drs Kleinman and Smith in correcting a misnomer in our article, which we had perpetuated from a prior study of preoperative risk assessment. 1 The ASA classification system is not related to the American Surgical Association, but rather the American Society of Anesthesiologists. Dr Meyer also objects to our comparing the means of the DrippsASA scores in Table 1 of our article. We could have instead used threshold values of the ASA scores. Regardless of the cutoff, more patients with complications exceed the threshold than patients without complications. However, two (25%) patients with postoperative ischemic events had ASA scores of 2.0 and three more had ASA scores of 3.0. Thus, all but very low threshold values for ASA scores will miss a large fraction of the patients who will
Waits for diagnostic tests threaten 18 week treatment target
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Patients at some hospitals in England are still enduring “unacceptable waits” for routine diagnostic services, such as scans and blood tests, says the health watchdog body the Healthcare Commission. Although some substantial improvements have been made, performance varies widely, it says.

Its review of radiology, pathology, and endoscopy services shows that just 16 of the 153 trusts surveyed achieved the highest rating of “excellent”—meaning that patients were kept waiting no longer than 13 weeks for diagnostic services—while 15 were awarded the lowest score of “weak.” The remainder were rated as “good” or “fair” in equal measure.

The survey was …
NICE guidance on newer drugs for epilepsy in adults
Authors: Emilio Perucca
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Individualisation of therapy remains the key to successful treatment 

With the introduction of felbamate, gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, tiagabine, topiramate, vigabatrin, and zonisamide, the number of antiepileptic drugs marketed in different parts of the world has virtually trebled between 1989 and 2002.1 The use of newer antiepileptic drugs is increasing steadily. In 2002 new antiepileptic drugs accounted for 20% of total prescriptions and for 69% of total costs for antiepileptic drugs in the United Kingdom (£99m of £142m).2 Is the shift towards new antiepileptic drugs justified, and what are the indications for these drugs in the modern treatment of epilepsy? These questions are addressed in the latest guidance from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE).2

The guidance, which is based on data from randomised trials, other published information, and feedback from professional, specialist, patient, and carer groups and drug manufacturers, focuses on the place of new antiepileptic drugs in adults. Zonisamide, not yet available in Europe, and felbamate—a last resort agent because of toxicity to bone marrow and liver—were not considered, but this does not affect the general applicability of the document. The …
Pseudocancer Symptoms in Coping
Authors: NATHAN SCHNAPER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1982Pseudocancer Symptoms in CopingNATHAN SCHNAPER, M.D., PETER H. WIERNIK, M.D.NATHAN SCHNAPER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PETER H. WIERNIK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-2-257_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A defensive pattern used by husbands or wives for dealing with the emotional effects on them of the spouse's cancer begs for attention. While our reporting is admittedly anecdotal, such cases are no longer occasional ones in our experience.The husband or wife (mostly wives), previously healthy, presents with various aches and pains: headaches, backaches, leg aches, abdominal pain. Careful studies turn up no findings or minimal findings. Soon the words, "I think I have cancer," or similar statements are heard. The concern for symptoms seems to be precipitated by a worsening of the ill spouse's prognosis.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: NATHAN SCHNAPER, M.D.; PETER H. WIERNIK, M.D.Affiliations: Baltimore Cancer Research Center Baltimore, MD 21201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPseudocancer Symptoms and MourningHARRY D. KERR, M.D. 1 February 1982Volume 96, Issue 2Page: 257-257KeywordsAbdominal painEmotionsLower back painPain ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hyperparathyroidism: Therapy and Response, with a Test for Assessment of Response
Authors: R. E. GOLDSMITH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Postoperative observation for 44 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (parathyroidal), reported in 1966, further supports the contention that partial parathyroidectomy is effective treatment. Twenty-five more patients have been treated since that report. Most were brought to surgery by screening for hypercalcemia. A rising incidence of multigland disease was noted, together with an increased frequency of treatment failure, which suggests primary hyperparathyroidism is now diagnosed earlier in the evolution of parathyroid dysfunction than before. Because of occasional nonspecific falls in serum calcium after noncurative partial parathyroidectomy, demonstrated in this study, another index for evaluation of cure was investigated. The hypophosphaturic response to curative surgery noted in 1966 was evaluated further and found to be an excellent index of cure; its absence heralded treatment failure. Five subjects with inconclusive explorations were reviewed: they benefited from the surgery, but no pathological abnormalities were identified. Criteria for diagnosis of early disease need clarification.
More Patients Get Good Diabetes Control, but Only a Minority Meet All Goals
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toward More Comprehensive Food Labeling
Authors: David A. Kessler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Interview with Professor David Kessler on more comprehensive food labeling. (12:18)Download The FDA's proposals for revising its Nutrition Facts label for foods are strong, urgently needed, and likely to affect consumer behavior positively. But additional labeling requirements can do more to influence food choices, reduce obesity, and promote health.
Beauty Parlor Stroke: When a Beautician Becomes a Physician
Authors: Gerald S. Golden
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I was puzzled by the use of the term<i>iatrogenic</i>arterial injury in the letter reporting five cases of beauty parlor stroke syndrome.<sup>1</sup>The term<i>iatrogenic</i>originally referred to disorders that occurred by suggestion on the part of the physician but more recently has been expanded to encompass any disorder caused by a physician's treatment. The author of this interesting report apparently has further broadened the definition to refer to a serious medical condition caused by the action of another individual, not necessarily a physician. I would counsel against such slippage.
The oesophageal Doppler monitor
Authors: T. J. Gan, J. E Arrowsmith
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The oesophageal Doppler monitor, described in the early 1970s1 and subsequently refined by Singer,2 provides a safe and minimally invasive means of continuously monitoring the circulation. A paper in this week's issue describes using the oesophageal Doppler monitor to guide intraoperative fluid resuscitation in elderly patients undergoing repair of proximal femoral fractures (p 909).3 These patients are typically managed with only minimal intraoperative monitoring, and the paper thus raises questions about the role of invasive intraoperative monitoring. Similar questions have recently been raised about the role and use of pulmonary artery catheters.4

The oesophageal Doppler monitor measures blood flow velocity in the descending thoracic aorta using a flexible ultrasound probe about the size of a nasogastric tube. When combined with a nomogram based estimate of aortic cross sectional area (derived from the patient's age, height, and weight), it allows haemodynamic variables, including stroke volume and cardiac output, to be calculated. Despite several potential sources of error, there is good correlation, at least in adults, between measures of …
The effect of age upon liver volume and apparent liver blood flow in healthy man
Authors: Hilary A. Wynne, Lance H. Cope, Elaine Mutch, Michael D. Rawlins, Kenneth W. Woodhouse, Oliver F. W. James
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of aging upon liver volume and apparent liver blood flow in healthy man. Sixty-five subjects between 24 and 91 years of age were recruited. Liver volume was quantitated by a gray scale B ultrasound scan method. Apparent liver blood flow was determined from the plasma clearance of indocyanine green, based on an assumption of no change in hepatic extraction of the dye with age. A significant negative correlation was observed between age and both liver volume and apparent liver blood flow (p &lt;0.001), whether expressed in absolute terms or per unit body weight. Similarly, a significant negative correlation was observed between apparent liver blood flow per unit volume of liver (liver perfusion) and age (p&lt;0.005). The reduction in liver volume, apparent liver blood flow and perfusion may at least partly account for the decline in the clearance of many drugs undergoing liver metabolism which has been noted to occur with aging in man.
Cellular behavior on TiO2 nanonodular structures in a micro-to-nanoscale hierarchy model
Authors: Katsutoshi Kubo, Naoki Tsukimura, Fuminori Iwasa, Takeshi Ueno, Lei Saruwatari, Hideki Aita, Wen-An Chiou, Takahiro Ogawa
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
PSYCHIATRIC MANAGEMENT OF SUICIDE PROBLEMS IN MILITARY SERVICE
Authors: WILLIAM OFFENKRANTZ, EDWIN CHURCH, ROBERT ELLIOTT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

This study describes a group of outpatients who had threatened or attempted suicide and were brought to the attention of military psychiatrists. Data are presented comparing the characteristics of this group with a similar number of nonsuicidal patients chosen at random from the files of the same mental hygiene clinic. The data indicate that the suicidal group were younger, had less time in service, and were more frequently diagnosed as "character disorders" and "immaturity reactions" than the comparison group. Within the suicidal group itself, the frequency of attempts was higher among enlistees (1 per 3.5) than among draftees (1 per 5.7). Each patient was handled in a like manner, and none was hospitalized nor seen a second time. A follow-up of 5 to 19 months indicated a low incidence of suicides among the patients [See Fig. 1. and Fig. 2. in Source PDF] managed in this way (1 in 75); also a significantly higher number of administrative discharges, and a significantly lower number of honorable discharges among the suicidal group. Comparison with civilian population, characteristics of the clinical interviews, rationale of management, therapeutic aspects, weaknesses of the study, and the nature of emotional blackmail are discussed.
Abnormal thyroid hormone metabolism in mice lacking the monocarboxylate transporter 8
Authors: Marija Trajkovic, Theo J. Visser, Jens Mittag, Sigrun Horn, Jan Lukas, Veerle M. Darras, Genadij Raivich, Karl Bauer, Heike Heuer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

In humans, inactivating mutations in the gene of the thyroid hormone transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8; SLC16A2) lead to severe forms of psychomotor retardation combined with imbalanced thyroid hormone serum levels. The MCT8-null mice described here, however, developed without overt deficits but also exhibited distorted 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) serum levels, resulting in increased hepatic activity of type 1 deiodinase (D1). In the mutants’ brains, entry of T4 was not affected, but uptake of T3 was diminished. Moreover, the T4 and T3 content in the brain of MCT8-null mice was decreased, the activity of D2 was increased, and D3 activity was decreased, indicating the hypothyroid state of this tissue. In the CNS, analysis of T3 target genes revealed that in the mutants, the neuronal T3 uptake was impaired in an area-specific manner, with strongly elevated thyrotropin-releasing hormone transcript levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and slightly decreased RC3 mRNA expression in striatal neurons; however, cerebellar Purkinje cells appeared unaffected, since they did not exhibit dendritic outgrowth defects and responded normally to T3 treatment in vitro. In conclusion, the circulating thyroid hormone levels of MCT8-null mice closely resemble those of humans with MCT8 mutations, yet in the mice, CNS development is only partially affected.
Medical error reporting must take necropsy data into account
Authors: J. Sington, B. Cottrell
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Responding to correspondence relating to medical error, organ retention, and death certification,1 we wish to communicate the results of our study comparing causes of death on death certificates with those at 440 hospital necropsies, in which substantial discrepancies were identified.2

The sensitivity of the death certificate in predicting cause of death was 0.47, with a range from 0.90 in the neurological system to 0.28 in the cardiovascular system. Sensitivity for malignant causes of death on …
ZIC1 Is Silenced and Has Tumor Suppressor Function in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Yuen Yee Cheng, Michaela B. Kirschner, Ngan Ching Cheng, Sumedha Gattani, Sonja Klebe, J. James B. Edelman, Michael P. Vallely, Brian C. McCaughan, Hong Chuan Jin, Nico van Zandwijk, Glen Reid
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase–Derived Nitric Oxide Promotes Glomerular Angiogenesis via Upregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors
Authors: Tammo Ostendorf, Claudia van Roeyen, Ralf Westenfeld, Alexander Gawlik, Masashi Kitahara, Emile de Heer, Dontscho Kerjaschki, Ju[Combining Diaeresis]rgen Floege, Markus Ketteler
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

ABSTRACT. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) system is of major importance for glomerular endothelial repair in glomerulonephritis (GN) and is significantly affected by nitric oxide (NO) release. For investigating whether glomerular upregulation of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in GN might affect VEGF-mediated repair, a selective iNOS inhibitor, L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysin (L-NIL), was administered to rats with anti–Thy 1.1 GN from day −2 until day 5 after GN induction. Compared with untreated nephritic rats, L-NIL–treated nephritic rats showed similar mean arterial BP, significantly decreased de novo peak nitrate production, and increased albuminuria on day 6. This was preceded by a significant decrease of glomerular endothelial cell proliferation and endothelial area on day 2 in L-NIL–treated nephritic rats. Upregulation of glomerular VEGF mRNA and protein expression, in particular of the VEGF164 splicing variant, occurred similarly in L-NIL–treated and untreated nephritic rats on days 2 and 7. However, the upregulation of glomerular VEGF receptor 1 and 2 mRNA expression on day 2 was reduced by 77 and 67%, respectively, in L-NIL–treated nephritic rats as compared with untreated nephritic rats. In parallel, glomerular VEGF165 binding was reduced by 34% in L-NIL–treated nephritic rats on day 2. Glomerular upregulation of the VEGF164 co-receptor neuropilin-1 mRNA in nephritic rats was reduced by L-NIL treatment only on day 7. Healthy untreated or L-NIL–treated controls showed no significant differences in any parameter analyzed. In conclusion, impaired repair of glomerular endothelium and downregulation of glomerular VEGF receptor expression was observed after selective iNOS inhibition in experimental GN. These data identify iNOS-derived NO production as the first in vivo regulator of the glomerular VEGF system and as an important mechanism promoting glomerular healing.
Upgrading V.D. Departments
Authors: W. Fowler
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BIUTISHinserted it slightly crookedly so that its mouth was directly adjacent to the mouth of the outlet (Fig 2).This led to air being drawn into the set.Approximately 25 ml. of air alternated with 25 ml. of fluid in the tubing of the set, and when the drip chamber was filled it emptied again within six seconds.We later found that this situa- tion can also occur if the force required to insert the air inlet into the bottle pushes the shaft of the needle back into its plastic holding.We have mentioned this complication, which can occur with some of the other Baxter sets, to the manufacturers.They point out that if the directions for use are correctly followed air should not be drawn into any drip set.Nevertheless, they have agreed to modify the sets to make such events impossible.-Weare, etc.,