tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) Test and Hyponatremia
Authors: LESLIE I. ROSE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 August 1979Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) Test and HyponatremiaLESLIE I. ROSE, M.D.LESLIE I. ROSE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-2-321_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest the paper in the May 1979 issue by Sheeler and Schumacher (1) concerning hyponatremia during adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) infusions. They postulated that ACTH might be contaminated by antiduretic hormone (ADH). Baumann and associates (2) showed that natural ACTH is indeed contaminated by ADH, but that synthetic ACTH does not contain ADH.In the 48-h ACTH test (3) we now use 50 U of cosyntropin per 24 hours. After several hundred infusions we have not encountered hyponatremia....References1. SHEELER L and SCHUMACHER O. Hyponatremia during ACTH infusions. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:798-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BAUMANN G, RAYFIELD E, ROSE L, WILLIAMS G, and DINGMAN J. "Trace" contamination of corticotropin and human growth hormone with vasopressin-clinical significance. J Clin Endocrinol. 1972;34:801-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ROSE L, WILLIAMS G, JAGGER P, and LAULER D. The 48-hour adrenocorticotrophin infusion test for adrenocortical insufficiency. Ann Intern Med. 1970;73:49-54. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LESLIE I. ROSE, M.D.Affiliations: Hahnemann Medical College & Hospital Philadelphia, PA 19102 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1979Volume 91, Issue 2Page: 321-321KeywordsAdrenocorticotropic hormoneAntidiuretic hormoneHormonesHyponatremia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Safety and Efficacy of Regional Intravenous (RI) Versus Intramuscular (IM) Delivery of rAAV1 and rAAV8 to Nonhuman Primate Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Alice Toromanoff, Yan Chérel, Mickaël Guilbaud, Magalie Penaud-Budloo, Richard O Snyder, Mark E Haskins, Jack-Yves Deschamps, Lydie Guigand, Guillaume Podevin, Valder R Arruda, Katherine A High, Hansell H Stedman, Fabienne Rolling, Ignacio Anegon, Philippe Moullier, Caroline Le Guiner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

We developed a drug-free regional intravenous (RI) delivery protocol of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) 1 and 8 to an entire limb in the nonhuman primate (NHP), and compared the results with those produced by intramuscular (IM) delivery of the same dose of vector. We show that RI delivery of both serotypes was remarkably well tolerated with no adverse side-effects. After IM, muscle transduction was restricted to the site of injection with a high number of vector copies per cell for rAAV1. In contrast, although RI delivery resulted in a lower vector copy per cell, it was detectable in the vast majority of muscles of the injected limb. The amounts of circulating infectious rAAV were similar for both serotypes and modes of delivery. At autopsy at up to 34 months after vector administration, similar biodistribution patterns were found for both vectors and for both modes of delivery, with numerous organs found to be positive for vector sequence when assayed using PCR and Southern blot. Altogether, we demonstrated that RI is a simple and efficient transduction protocol in NHPs, resulting in higher expression of the transgene with a lower number of vector genomes per cell. However, regardless of the mode of delivery, concerns continue to be raised by the presence of vector sequences detected at distant sites.
Platelet-activating factor receptor-dependent activation of the muscarinic K+ current in bullfrog atrial myocytes.
Authors: J Ramos-Franco, C F Lo, G E Breitwieser
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent signaling lipid implicated as a mediator of pathological responses, has both negative chronotropic and inotropic effects on the heart, although the mechanism(s) involved is not well defined. Because activation of the muscarinic acetylcholine-activated K+ current (IK(ACh)) also produces a negative chronotropic and inotropic response in myocardium, this study examines whether PAF has effects on IK(ACh) in isolated bullfrog atrial myocytes under whole-cell voltage-clamp conditions. We find that 2 microM PAF increases the rate of GTP-gamma-S-mediated IK(ACh) activation (from 0.30 +/- 0.01 min-1 [n = 20] to 0.73 +/- 0.07 min-1 [n = 12], p &lt; 0.005, in the absence of acetylcholine). This effect of 2 microM PAF was blocked by the PAF antagonist CV-3988 (5 microM, 0.33 +/- 0.14 min-1 [n = 12]), suggesting the presence of specific PAF receptors coupled to IK(ACh) activation. Further support for mediation by specific G protein-coupled PAF receptors derives from the inability of PAF to modulate IK(ACh) after maximal activation in the presence of GTP-gamma-S. Eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA, an inhibitor of 5- and 12-lipoxygenases) did not prevent the PAF-mediated increase in the rate of IK(ACh) activation (10 microM ETYA, 0.28 +/- 0.03 min-1 [n = 7]; 10 microM ETYA plus 2 microM PAF, 0.58 +/- 0.13 min-1 [n = 8]; p &lt; 0.05), suggesting that the observed PAF effect is not mediated by increases in arachidonic acid metabolism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Prolonged Antiplatelet Therapy to Prevent Late Thrombosis After Intracoronary γ-Radiation in Patients With In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Ron Waksman, Andrew E. Ajani, R. Larry White, Ellen Pinnow, Regina Dieble, Anh B. Bui, Maeve Taaffe, Luis Gruberg, Gary S. Mintz, Lowell F. Satler, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth K. Kent, Joseph Lindsay
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Intracoronary γ-radiation reduces recurrent in-stent restenosis. Late thrombosis (&gt;30 days after radiation therapy) is identified as a serious complication. The Washington Radiation for In-Stent Restenosis Trial (WRIST) PLUS, which involved 6 months of treatment with clopidogrel and aspirin, was designed to examine the efficacy and safety of prolonged antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of late thrombosis. Methods and Results —A total of 120 consecutive patients with diffuse in-stent restenosis in native coronary arteries and vein grafts with lesions &lt;80 mm underwent percutaneous coronary transluminal angioplasty, laser ablation, and/or rotational atherectomy. Additional stents were placed in 34 patients (28.3%). After the intervention, a closed-end lumen catheter was introduced into the artery, a ribbon with different trains of radioactive 192 Ir seeds was positioned to cover the treated site, and a dose of 14 Gy to 2 mm was prescribed. Patients were discharged with clopidogrel and aspirin for 6 months and followed angiographically and clinically. All patients but one tolerated the clopidogrel. The late occlusion and thrombosis rates were compared with the γ-radiation–treated (n=125) and the placebo patients (n=126) from the WRIST and LONG WRIST studies (which involved only 1 month of antiplatelet therapy). At 6 months, the group receiving prolonged antiplatelet therapy had total occlusion and late thrombosis rates of 5.8% and 2.5%, respectively; these rates were lower than those in the active γ-radiation group and similar to those in the placebo historical control group. Conclusions —Six months of clopidogrel and aspirin and a reduction in re-stenting for patients with in-stent restenosis treated with γ-radiation is well tolerated and associated with a reduction in the late thrombosis rate compared with a similar cohort treated with only 1 month of clopidogrel and aspirin.
Press: Struck off, but why?
Authors: G. Yamey
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The message to parents was clear: be afraid. Your family doctor may strike you and your children off the list without rhyme or reason.

The Daily Mail led the clarion call to arms on Wednesday, 8 September. Next to a picture of a cute blond child and his smiling mother, its large print opening paragraph accused doctors of “striking off children whose parents refuse to let them have the controversial MMR jab.” On 13 September, the Independent told us that doctors were “striking from their lists huge numbers of patients, including children.”

What could possibly drive GPs to such cruelty against the small and defenceless? Lucre of course. The Express headline on 13 September trumpeted its outrage at our “Greedy GPs' vaccine ploy” and called them “devious doctors.” The Daily Mail announced none other than a full blown “MMR jabs cash scandal.” You could almost picture the masked villains, stethoscopes around their necks, running from their surgeries with bags labelled “swag.”

Like proud detectives unravelling a complex sting operation, all three papers educated their readers about the sordid details of this “trim and win” swindle. GPs were being given “large …
Location of Regional Intestinal Lymphangiectasia Using Tc-99m Dextran Lymphoscintigraphy
Authors: FLÁVIO ZELMANOVITZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

After unsuccessful dietary treatment for intestinal lymphangiectasia, a 21-year-old man underwent Tc-99m dextran lymphoscintigraphy to localize regional disease that could be managed by surgery. Early images showed abnormal radionuclide accumulation at the distal ileum and the ascending colon. Delayed images showed transit of the leaked intraluminal radionuclide in the colon.
Upper Respiratory Flora of Husbands and Wives
Authors: Henry Stimson Harvey, Marjorie Bodwell Dunlap
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

IF contact alone were the determining factor in upper respiratory flora, one would expect that married couples would in general carry the same kinds of bacteria. One would further expect that when an unusual organism was present in one member of a pair, it would be present at the same time in the other member. In the course of a study of normal families we have had the opportunity to observe the throat and nose flora of 75 married couples. Contrary to expectation there were differences in their bacterial population that we consider significant.MethodThe method of culturing has . . .
Effect of Towne Live Virus Vaccine on Cytomegalovirus Disease after Renal Transplant
Authors: Stanley A. Plotkin, Stuart E. Starr, Harvey M. Friedman, Kenneth Brayman, Sandra Harris, Stephanie Jackson, Nancy B. Tustin, Robert Grossman, Donald Dafoe, Clyde Barker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To test the efficacy of vaccination with the Towne live attenuated cytomegalovirus vaccine. Design: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in candidates for renal transplantation. The cytomegalovirus serologic status of both recipients and donors was determined, and the recipients were followed for periods of 6 months to 7 years after transplant. Setting: A university transplant center. Patients: The analyses were made on 237 patients who were given either vaccine or placebo, received renal transplants, and were followed for at least 6 months. Intervention: Subcutaneous inoculation with Towne live attenuated virus or with placebo. Main Outcome Measures: The presence of cytomegalovirus infection was defined by virus isolation and antibody tests. If infection occurred, a prearranged scoring system for cytomegalovirus disease was used to objectify disease severity. Results: The vaccine was well tolerated, and there were no discernible long-term adverse effects. Recipients who were originally seropositive did not clearly benefit from vaccination. Protective efficacy was analyzed in the group at highest risk for cytomegalovirus disease: recipients who were seronegative at the time of vaccination and who received a kidney from a seropositive donor. Compared with placebo recipients, vaccinated patients in this group had significantly less severe cytomegalovirus disease, with a significant reduction in disease scores (P = 0.03) and 85% decrease in the most severe disease (95% CI, 35% to 96%), although infection rates were similar. Graft survival at 36 months was improved in vaccinated recipients of cadaver kidneys (8 of 16) compared with unvaccinated recipients (4 of 16) (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Previous vaccination of seronegative renal transplant recipients with live cytomegalovirus results in reduction of disease severity mimicking the action of naturally derived immunity.
Pancreatic ductal mucinous hyperplasia: distribution within the pancreas, and effect of variation in ampullary and pancreatic duct anatomy.
Authors: T G Allen-Mersh
Journal: Gut (1988)

The prevalence and amount (hyperplasia score) of ductal mucinous hyperplasia (DMH) were estimated in 12 predetermined areas taken from 102 pancreases obtained at necropsy from patients dying of non-pancreatic diseases. The mean prevalence of DMH was 18% (213/1206) per section and 63% (63/102) per pancreas. Different areas of the pancreas could be stratified by amount of DMH into 9high9 (hyperplasia score greater than 0.09), 9intermediate9 (0.06-0.09), and 9low9 (less than 0.06). There was no significant difference in either prevalence or amount of DMH with variation in ampullary or pancreatic ductal anatomy. There was significantly (p less than 0.05) less DMH adjacent to the accessory papilla when it was patent, compared with when it was not patent and the accessory duct communicated with the main pancreatic duct. The findings suggest that DMH is a proliferative response to exogenous agents which injure the pancreas, and that some areas of the pancreas are more vulnerable than others to this damage. There was no evidence that this injury was associated either with reflux, or with any particular variation in pancreatic duct anatomy. The association between DMH and occlusion of the accessory papilla may explain the susceptibility of pancreas divisum to pancreatitis.
Renal Vein Thrombosis in Acute Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: A. Pringle, E. K. M. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1964)

The size of the abnormal urea gradient between C.S.F. and plasma produced by haemodialysis is proportional to the con- centration of plasma urea at the beginning of dialysis, and this abnormal gradient persists for approximately 24 hours after the termination of dialysis.The delay in removal of urea from C.S.F. is associated with a change in the osmolality gradient between C.S.F. and plasma.This results in the passage of water into C.S.F., with con- sequent symptoms due to an increase in intracranial pressure.It has also been demonstrated that haemodialysis creates a disturbance in equilibration of uric acid, creatinine, inorganic phosphorus, and bicarbonate between C.S.F. and blood.It is therefore suggested that haemodialysis be performed at low levels of biochemical disturbance, for short periods of time, and at frequent intervals so that minimal biochemical disturb- ances be opened up between C.S.F. and blood and the dialysis disequilibrium syndrome be prevented.
Secondary Resistance to Erlotinib: Acquired T790M Mutation and Small-Cell Lung Cancer Transformation in the Same Patient
Authors: Vincent Fallet, Anne-Marie Ruppert, Virginie Poulot, Roger Lacave, Laure Belmont, Martine Antoine, Jacques Cadranel, Marie Wislez, Armelle Lavolé
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
RODENT ULCER TREATED BY POTASSIUM BICHROMATE
Authors: Wm. Gemmill
Journal: BMJ (1909)

POTASSIUM BICHROMATE IN RODENT ULCER.[ I DaICAu JO 1I225 Case 14. Epithelioma of lip.The usual history of constant smoking, the pipe being held on one side of the mouth.The growth was removed three times with many years between the operations, the lip finally remaining clear for twenty years, when he was attacked with bladder symptoms and a walnutsized tumour was removed by one of us.Several months later the rectum became involved.Case 13.Epithelioma (doubtful}.The trouble originated from the habit of continuously holding nails between the lips while at work, these acting as a chronic irritant.Case 30.Cancer of the rectum.This patient suffered for long with piles, which were irritated by bicycling and riding.Case 8. Cancer of bowel.A history of injury to tbe side while wrestling was given; the side had felt weak all his life.Case 16.Cancer of rectum.A long history of piles was given.Habits of the Patients.All the cases affected led healthy lives, much of the time being spent in the open air.With regard to their diet, they were all hearty, some of them very large eaters of meat.Thev all drank tea with all their meals, and frequently between meals.The tea is taken very strong, and often drunk out of tin pannikins in which it has stood for a considerable time.As a general rule, tea was taken with meat at least three times a day.Case 1. Drank tea to excess; also a good quantity of alcohol; and later drank " pain-killer."Case 2. Excessive tea-drinker and smoker.Case 6. Heavy smoker and drinker.Case 8. Excessive tea-drinker.Case 10.Excessive tea-drinker; also took alcohol.Case 11.Much tea and alcohol.Case 16.Excessive tea-drinker.Cases 5, 24, 29, 30.Took tea in excess.
Tolerance to solid organ transplants through transfer of MHC class II genes
Authors: Kai-C. Sonntag, David W. Emery, Akihiko Yasumoto, Gary Haller, Sharon Germana, Tomasz Sablinski, Akira Shimizu, Kazuhiko Yamada, Hideaki Shimada, Scott Arn, David H. Sachs, Christian LeGuern
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Donor/recipient MHC class II matching permits survival of experimental allografts without permanent immunosuppression, but is not clinically applicable due to the extensive polymorphism of this locus. As an alternative, we have tested a gene therapy approach in a preclinical animal model to determine whether expression of allogeneic class II transgenes (Tg’s) in recipient bone marrow cells would allow survival of subsequent Tg-matched renal allografts. Somatic matching between donor kidney class II and the recipient Tg’s, in combination with a short treatment of cyclosporine A, prolonged graft survival with DR and promoted tolerance with DQ. Class II Tg expression in the lymphoid lineage and the graft itself were sequentially implicated in this tolerance induction. These results demonstrate the potential of MHC class II gene transfer to permit tolerance to solid organ allografts.
Abstract CT414: Efficient induction of cellular and humoral immune responses by heterologous prime-boost therapeutic vaccination, involving plasmid DNA and adenoviral vector, in subjects with HER2-expressing breast cancer: Results from a phase Ib study
Authors: SUNGBAE KIM, KyungHae Jung, JinHee Ahn, Jeongeun Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract A phase I clinical trial was conducted to assess safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of a heterologous prime-boost strategy, involving a plasmid DNA (pHM-GM-CSF, expressing truncated HER2 and GM-CSF as a bicistronic message) and an adenoviral vector (Ad-HM, containing the same modified HER2 sequence only), in subjects with stage III-IV metastatic breast cancer expressing HER2 (1+∼3+ by immunohistochemistry). Nine eligible subjects were divided into three cohorts based on three different DNA doses (2, 4 and 8 mg) of pHM-GM-CSF, which were intramuscularly injected three times on weeks 0, 2, and 4 (i.e. 6, 12, and 24mg in total), followed by a single injection of Ad-HM (3x109 viral particle) on week 6. Relevant parameters were measured during the 6-month follow-up period. Seven minor grade 1 toxicities were found in four of nine patients, while no drug-related serious adverse event was reported. HER2-specific cell-mediated or humoral immunities were produced in all (100 %) or three patients (33 %), respectively. One patient showed a partial response, and seven subjects had stable diseases. No clear correlation was observed between DNA dosages and induction of immunogenicity and clinical tumor response. Our data showed that intramuscular injection of pHM-GM-CSF 24mg and Ad-HM 3x109 VP were well tolerated and safe. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical study demonstrating an efficient induction of HER2-specific cellular and humoral responses in patients with metastatic breast cancer expressing HER2. Citation Format: SUNGBAE KIM, KyungHae Jung, JinHee Ahn, Jeongeun Kim. Efficient induction of cellular and humoral immune responses by heterologous prime-boost therapeutic vaccination, involving plasmid DNA and adenoviral vector, in subjects with HER2-expressing breast cancer: Results from a phase Ib study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr CT414. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-CT414
UK report calls for cooperation on population genotyping
Authors: T. Richards
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The government must work with the pharmaceutical industry, healthcare providers, insurance companies, and the public to define the policy issues posed by the rapid advances in genetics and to agree terms under which population genotyping might proceed, according to a report from the School of Public Policy in London.

Currently, public policy lags behind the science, and the social and ethical issues posed by widespread genotyping, particularly with respect to the privacy and confidentiality of genetic data, are not being actively confronted. Meanwhile, the pace is being set-as the recent …
Puff volume increases when low-nicotine cigarettes are smoked.
Authors: R I Herning, R T Jones, J Bachman, A H Mines
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Variables of smoking were measured when subjects smoked the first cigarette of the day after an eight- to 10-hour period of abstinence. The cigarettes smoked had high, medium, or low nicotine yields but the tar and carbon monoxide yields, taste, and draw characteristics remained constant. The number of puffs and interval between puffs did not differ between nicotine doses. The smokers took larger puffs, however, when smoking cigarettes delivering lower nicotine yields than their normal brands. This change in the size of puff must be attributed to the change in nicotine yield since all other characteristics of the cigarettes remained constant. Thus encouraging the smoking of low-nicotine cigarettes may increase exposure to combustion products and not appreciably decrease exposure to nicotine, since the smokers increased the size of their puffs in response to the decreased nicotine yield.
Trace element analysis of hair.
Authors: T L Dormandy
Journal: BMJ (1986)

neurological injury is to be avoided in the low birthweight infant.In utero transfer reduces such risks because of the availability of trained specialist staff at all hours.Nevertheless, most low birthweight infants are born in district hospitals, and improved tinig and staffing iN those hospitals in conjunction with-not instead of-in utero transfer will offer the best opportunity for further improvements.
Recovery of contractile function in post-ischaemic reperfused myocardium of conscious dogs: influence of nicorandil, a new antianginal agent
Authors: T. M SHIMSHAK, K. C PREUSS, G. J GROSS, H. L BROOKS, D. C WARLTIER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

The effects of intravenous administration of nicorandil, a new antianginal agent, on the recovery of regional myocardial contractile function after a 10 minute coronary artery occlusion were studied in chronically instrumented conscious dogs. Compared with the control group nicorandil administration resulted in an increase in heart rate and a decrease in blood pressure with an overall increase in the double product during the preocclusion period, no significant difference in double product during ischaemia, and a significant decrease in double product during reperfusion. After reperfusion the return of regional contractile function was appreciably enhanced in the nicorandil treated group. These effects were seen immediately after coronary reflow and persisted throughout the reperfusion period. These data suggest that nicorandil protects ischaemic cardiac tissue, and that the beneficial actions may be mediated through a reduction in left ventricular afterload.