tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Nickerson Ballistocardiogram in Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease with and without Congestive Failure
Authors: RICHARD J. JONES
Journal: Circulation (1952)

Comparison of ballistocardiograms in patients with arteriosclerotic heart disease with those of normal subjects, young and old, with regard to the various time relationships of the I and J waves, as well as the IJ amplitude, reveals increasingly frequent abnormality in age as compared with youth, in arteriosclerotic heart failure as opposed to heart disease. Certain characteristics of the ballistic pattern in heart failure are noted, and these are modified to some extent by therapy. Serial studies indicate a peak increase in ballistic amplitude with diuresis which may not be sustained.
A3.1 Pathogenic role of IL-17 producing double negative (DN) T cells in primary sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Alessia Alunno, Francesco Carubbi, Onelia Bistoni, Sara Caterbi, Elena Bartoloni, Gianluca Santoboni, Giulia Mirabelli, Francesca Cannarile, Valentina Valentini, Paola Cipriani, Roberto Giacomelli, Roberto Gerli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> We recently demonstrated that a CD3<sup>+</sup> T cell population, that lacks both CD4 and CD8 molecules, defined as double negative (DN), is expanded in the peripheral blood of patients with long-standing primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), produces IL-17, accumulates in minor salivary glands (MSGs) and is resistant to corticosteroids (CS) <i>in vitro</i>. Since IL-17 represents a key cytokine in the pathogenesis of pSS, we aimed to investigate glandular and peripheral DN T cells in early phases of the disease in order to verify a possible correlation with clinical parameters, MSGs histological patterns and possibly ectopic lymphoneogenesis. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Paired samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and MSGs from early pSS patients were evaluated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining respectively to quantify DN T cells. Histological analysis to assess histological scores, B/T cell segregation and the presence of germinal center-like structures (GCs) was also performed. Ten patients with long-standing disease and 15 normal controls (NC) were also enrolled. Disease activity was assessed by the EULAR Sjögren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) and patient reported dryness, fatigue, pain and global disease activity were recorded on a 100 millimeters (mm) visual analogic scale (VAS). Unstimulated salivary flow was also collected. <h3>Results</h3> In early stages of pSS, circulating DN T cells appeared not to be expanded as it occurs in patients with long-standing disease and were inversely correlated to circulating CD4<sup>+</sup>Th17 cells. The number of infiltrating DN T cells was associated with the extent of glandular involvement, defined with Tarpley biopsy score, and with the presence of GCs. Furthermore, dryness symptoms were directly correlated with glandular DN T cells and inversely correlated with circulating DN T cells. Circulating DN T cells displayed an in vivo activated phenotype, confirmed by the expression of CD25, CD69 and HLA-DR, which was not affected by the addition of CS to the culture, as it occurred for IL-17 expression. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings suggest that DN T cells are in vivo activated Th17 cells involved in the pathogenic mechanisms leading to glandular dysfunction and damage in pSS. Furthermore, DN T cells may play a role in ectopic lymphoneogenesis development occurring during the disease.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: natural history of disease subcategories
Authors: Régis Peffault de Latour, Jean Yves Mary, Célia Salanoubat, Louis Terriou, Gabriel Etienne, Mohamad Mohty, Sophie Roth, Sophie de Guibert, Sebastien Maury, Jean Yves Cahn, Gerard Socié
Journal: Blood (2008)
Phonoangiography by autocorrelation.
Authors: R M Rosen, S P Parthasarathy, A F Turner, D H Blankenhorn, E J Roschke
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Phonoangiography, as a noninvasive quantitative analysis of arterial bruits, was conducted just prior to standard invasive radiographic angiography in 135 patients. Sound records from 162 carotid arteries were analyzed with a new processing technique employing a high speed analog acoustic analyzer, the autocorrelator. In 18 arteries with carotid stenosis, a correlation coefficient of 0.87 resulted between phonoangiographic diameter predictions and radiographic diameter estimates. Bruit analysis identified two patients with patent lumen diameters, but tortuous carotid vessels. One hundred thirty-three carotid arteries had no bruits that could be analyzed, but angiograms showed no extracranial stenosis. Four arteries from which bruits could not be analyzed were found to be totally occluded. Carotid phonoangiography appears applicable in approximately one of seven patients now requiring angiography of head and neck vessels. When applicable, phonoangiography is significantly correlated with angiographic findings.
Smooth muscle-like tissues engineered with bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Seung-Woo Cho, Il-Kwon Kim, Sang Hyun Lim, Dong-Ik Kim, Sun-Woong Kang, Soo Hyun Kim, Young Ha Kim, Eun Yeol Lee, Cha Yong Choi, Byung-Soo Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
New Anticoagulant Approved
Authors: Bernard A. Schwetz
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 109: <i>CSE1L</i>, a 20q gain passenger that drives colorectal adenoma to carcinoma progression
Authors: Anke H. Sillars-Hardebol, Beatriz Carvalho, Jeroen A.M. Belien, Meike de Wit, Pien M. Delis-van Diemen, Marianne Tijssen, Mark A. van de Wiel, Fredrik Ponten, Gerrit A. Meijer, Remond J. A. Fijneman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background ‘Driver genes’ are defined as genes that promote the tumorigenic process upon acquirement of somatic alterations. Gain of chromosome 20q is an important factor in the progression of colorectal adenomas to carcinomas. Previously we identified TPX2 and AURKA as two genes that drive 20q amplification in colorectal adenoma to carcinoma progression, based on correlation of mRNA and protein expression levels with 20q DNA copy number status while functionally influencing cancer processes. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the selection advantage imposed by 20q gain in colorectal adenoma to carcinoma progression is achieved by gain-of-function of multiple cancer-related genes at chromosome 20q, rather than affecting a single driver gene. In addition to TPX2 and AURKA, other 20q genes such as CSE1L may further contribute to tumor progression. Aim We here investigated whether CSE1L is another 20q located gene that drives colorectal adenoma to carcinoma progression, in a 20q gain-dependent manner. Methods Functional effects of CSE1L on cell viability, anchorage-independent growth and invasion were investigated upon gene knockdown using the SW480 colorectal cancer cell line. CSE1L protein expression levels were examined by immunohistochemical evaluation of tissue microarrays containing a series of colorectal adenoma and carcinoma samples, which were characterized by genome-wide (microarray-based) DNA and mRNA profiling. Results CSE1L knockdown affected cell viability and anchorage-independent growth. CSE1L mRNA expression levels correlated with chromosome 20q DNA copy number status. However, CSE1L protein expression was not associated with 20q gain, although its expression was increased in carcinomas compared to adenomas. Conclusion CSE1L appears to be a driver of colorectal tumor progression based on its functional effects combined with increased protein expression levels in carcinomas compared to adenomas. However, the lack of correlation between CSE1L protein expression levels and 20q DNA copy number status in colorectal adenoma to carcinoma progression implies that CSE1L is merely a passenger rather than a driver of chromosome 20q amplification, suggesting that CSE1L protein levels are subject to post-transcriptional regulation in a 20q gain-independent manner. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 109. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-109
Sustainability of 8% weight loss, reduction of insulin resistance, and amelioration of atherogenic-metabolic risk factors over 4 years by metformin-diet in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Charles J. Glueck, Dawit Aregawi, Mahlia Agloria, Magdalena Winiarska, Luann Sieve, Ping Wang
Journal: Metabolism (2006)
TREATMENT OF YELLOW FEVER
Authors: FRED L. SOPER
Journal: JAMA (1942)

In the treatment of yellow fever there is only one rule: do not kill the patient.— Miguel Couto.   The therapy of yellow fever can be given in a single line: the disease cures itself or kills in spite of any and every treatment.— Sinval Lins.   These aphorisms summarize the experience of the Brazilian medical profession in Rio de Janeiro from 1849 to 1908 and in 1928-1929; Couto, for many years the revered dean of the national profession, practiced in Brazil's capital during the last two decades of yellow fever endemicity and was still active during the 1928-1929 epidemic, and Lins was in charge of the hundreds of patients isolated in the Sao Sebastiao Hospital during this epidemic. Observations on experimental infections in the rhesus monkey since 1927 have confirmed this extreme therapeutic pessimism. A consideration of the etiology, pathology and symptomatology of yellow fever aids in understanding the difficulties of
Screening and Testing for Endocrine Disruption in Fish—Biomarkers As “Signposts,” Not “Traffic Lights,” in Risk Assessment
Authors: Thomas H. Hutchinson, Gerald T. Ankley, Helmut Segner, Charles R. Tyler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Biomarkers are currently best used as mechanistic "signposts" rather than as "traffic lights" in the environmental risk assessment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In field studies, biomarkers of exposure [e.g., vitellogenin (VTG) induction in male fish] are powerful tools for tracking single substances and mixtures of concern. Biomarkers also provide linkage between field and laboratory data, thereby playing an important role in directing the need for and design of fish chronic tests for EDCs. It is the adverse effect end points (e.g., altered development, growth, and/or reproduction) from such tests that are most valuable for calculating adverseNOEC (no observed effect oncentration) or adverseEC10 (effective concentration for a 10% response) and subsequently deriving predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs). With current uncertainties, biomarkerNOEC or biomarkerEC10 data should not be used in isolation to derive PNECs. In the future, however, there may be scope to increasingly use biomarker data in environmental decision making, if plausible linkages can be made across levels of organization such that adverse outcomes might be envisaged relative to biomarker responses. For biomarkers to fulfil their potential, they should be mechanistically relevant and reproducible (as measured by interlaboratory comparisons of the same protocol). VTG is a good example of such a biomarker in that it provides an insight to the mode of action (estrogenicity) that is vital to fish reproductive health. Interlaboratory reproducibility data for VTG are also encouraging; recent comparisons (using the same immunoassay protocol) have provided coefficients of variation (CVs) of 38–55% (comparable to published CVs of 19–58% for fish survival and growth end points used in regulatory test guidelines). While concern over environmental xenoestrogens has led to the evaluation of reproductive biomarkers in fish, it must be remembered that many substances act via diverse mechanisms of action such that the environmental risk assessment for EDCs is a broad and complex issue. Also, biomarkers such as secondary sexual characteristics, gonadosomatic indices, plasma steroids, and gonadal histology have significant potential for guiding interspecies assessments of EDCs and designing fish chronic tests. To strengthen the utility of EDC biomarkers in fish, we need to establish a historical control database (also considering natural variability) to help differentiate between statistically detectable versus biologically significant responses. In conclusion, as research continues to develop a range of useful EDC biomarkers, environmental decision-making needs to move forward, and it is proposed that the "biomarkers as signposts" approach is a pragmatic way forward in the current risk assessment of EDCs.
Report details US administration's efforts to enlist outside support for Affordable Care Act
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To identify predictors of mortality within 1 year after primary surgery for ovarian cancer. <h3>Design</h3> Prospective nationwide cohort study from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2012. <h3>Setting</h3> Evaluation of data from the Danish Gynaecology Cancer Database and the Danish Civil Registration System. <h3>Participants</h3> 2654 women who underwent surgery due to a diagnosis of primary ovarian cancer. <h3>Outcome measures</h3> Overall survival and predictors of mortality within 0–180 and 181–360 days after the primary surgery. Examined predictors were age, preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, body mass index (BMI), International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, residual tumour tissue after surgery, perioperative blood transfusion and calendar year of surgery. <h3>Results</h3> The overall 1-year survival was 84%. Within 0–180 days after surgery, the 3 most important predictors of mortality from the multivariable model were residual tumour tissue &gt;2 cm versus no residual tumour (HR=4.58 (95% CI 3.20 to 6.59)), residual tumour tissue ≤2 cm versus no residual tumour (HR=2.50 (95% CI 1.63 to 3.82)) and age &gt;64 years versus age ≤64 years (HR=2.33 (95% CI 1.69 to 3.21)). Within 181–360 days after surgery, FIGO stages III–IV versus I–II (HR=2.81 (95% CI 1.75 to 4.50)), BMI&lt;18.5 vs 18.5–25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (HR=2.08 (95% CI 1.18 to 3.66)) and residual tumour tissue &gt;2 cm versus no residual tumour (HR=1.84 (95% CI 1.25 to 2.70)) were the 3 most important predictors. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The most important predictors of mortality within 1 year after surgery were residual tumour tissue (0–180 days after surgery) and advanced FIGO stage (181–360 days after surgery). However, our results suggest that the surgeon should not just aim at radical surgery, but also pay special attention to comorbidity, nutritional state, age &gt;64 years and the need for perioperative blood transfusion.
Are the dorsal/ventral pathways sufficiently distinct to resolve perceptual theory?
Authors: George J. Andersen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

The author argues that the theory of a dorsal/ventral stream for visual processing can be used to reconcile the constructivist and direct perception theories. My commentary discusses neurophysiological and psychophysical studies that run counter to the view. In addition, the central issue of debate between the constructionist and direct perception approaches regarding what is visual information is discussed.
Letter: Diagnosis of "reflux oesophagitis".
Authors: M Yunus, J R Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Drugs Taken during First Mothers of Babies Mothers of Trimester of Pregnancy with Malformations Control Babies Hormonal pregnancy test used: Fe and/or folic acid (no other drugs) 10 1 Fe and/or folic acid and one or more other drugs 4 1 One or more other drugs (no Fe or folic acid) 6 3 No other drugs 3 3 Total (hormonal pregnancy test) 23 8 Hormonal pregnancy test not used: Fe and/or folic acid (no other drugs) 40 53
Toward a national child health policy
Authors: B. Harvey
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A 2-year-old has otitis media. She is the only child of parents whose combined monthly income is $800 . In Alaska this child would be eligible for care under the state Medicaid program. In Alabama she would not be eligible because her parents earn more than $120 per month. 1    A 3-year-old and a 5-year-old both have pneumonia. They live with their mother, who earns $5000 per year working part time . In New Jersey, care for the 3-year-old is available through Medicaid. This is not true of the 5-year-old sibling. 1    An infant develops acute leukemia. His family has insufficient insurance or other financial sources to pay for his care . In Arkansas this child would receive care through Children's Special Care Services, the state's crippled children's program. In Colorado no state-supported medical care would be available (S. Kessel, MD, MPH, oral communication, Feb 10, 1990).  Three 4-year-olds who live in equal
Production of left ventricular cavitary obliteration in normal man.
Authors: R Grose, C Maskin, H Spindola-Franco, T Yipintsoi
Journal: Circulation (1981)

To determine whether left ventricular cavitary obliteration (a finding previously described only in hypertrophic states) can be induced in normal subjects, 16 patients without coronary artery disease or clinical evidence of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy were studied during cardiac catheterization. Resting left ventricular and aortic pressures and left ventriculography were repeated during the strain phase of Valsalva maneuver after administration of amyl nitrite. Cavitary obliteration during normal sinus rhythm was defined as disappearance of the sinus portion of the left ventricle during systole, and graded as absent, partial or total. Patients were placed into two groups on the basis of qualitative analysis of the resting left ventriculogram: the 10 patients in group A had normal left ventriculograms and the six patients in group B had hyperkinetic left ventricles. During the left ventriculogram done with amyl nitrite and Valsalva, left ventricular volumes in both decreased dramatically, from 69 ml/m2 to 43 ml/m2 (p less than 0.001) and ejection fraction increased from 70% to 82% in group A (p less than 0.01). None of the patients in group A had evidence of cavitary obliteration at rest, but eight developed total and two developed partial cavitary obliteration with the second ventriculogram. Three patients in group B had partial or complete cavitary emptying at rest and all developed total cavitary obliteration with provocation. Pressure gradients between left ventricle and aorta were produced in two group A patients and three group B patients. Thus, cavitary obliteration can be produced in normal left ventricles by manipulation of loading conditions.
Lysophosphatidylcholine Modulates Cardiac <i>I</i> <sub>Na</sub> via Multiple Protein Kinase Pathways
Authors: Cheryl L. Watson, Michael R. Gold
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a naturally occurring intracellular phospholipid metabolite that has been implicated in arrhythmogenesis during ischemia. LPC has been shown to affect the cardiac Na + current ( I Na ), but the mechanism of modulation remains undescribed. Recently, low concentrations of LPC have been shown to activate protein kinase C (PKC) independent of the receptor-delineated pathway. The purposes of this study were to describe the effects of intracellularly introduced LPC on I Na and to determine if these effects were mediated by kinases. Modulation of I Na was studied in ventricular cells with LPC (1 nmol/L to 1 μmol/L) internally applied using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. Intracellular LPC caused a dose-dependent depolarizing shift of steady state inactivation that was accompanied by a change in slope factor. The development of resting inactivation from closed states was delayed 40%, whereas the recovery from inactivation was significantly accelerated. These results were mimicked by another bioactive lipid, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, or by a peptide analogue of PKC, which is a potent stimulator of endogenous PKC activity. Maximal recruitable current was significantly increased by LPC but not by PKC activation. Some of the effects of LPC on I Na could be partially inhibited by the specific PKC inhibitor chelerythrine chloride or by downregulation of PKC with phorbol ester pretreatment. However, genistein, a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, completely inhibited all the modulation of I Na caused by LPC. These data suggest that LPC modulates I Na in cardiac myocytes by a pathway that involves both PKC-dependent and tyrosine kinase dependent phosphorylation.
PWE-009 Measurement Of Colonic Polyps. Is Visual Estimation Accurate?
Authors: J Woo, H Rozati, K Besherdas
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Colon polyp size is a critical biomarker for clinical management of colonic polyps. Larger polyps have a greater malignant potential. During colonoscopy, it is important to correctly measure the size of the polyps because of the direct correlation of size with colon cancer.<sup>1</sup> During polypectomy, size of the colonic polyps encountered are often gauged by visual estimation or the open forceps method.<sup>2</sup> However, some data exists on the questionable reliability of a visual estimate even amongst expert colonoscopists. We aim to compare the estimation of polyp size using the visual estimation of colon polyp with or without the open biopsy forceps technique against actual polyp size measurement by our histopathology department for all polyps &gt;1 cm in size. <h3>Methods</h3> A single centre, retrospective analysis using the Unisoft GI auditors software was used to identify patients who have had polypectomies done for polyps &gt;1 cm in size from October 2005 till September 2013. The size of the polyps documented in the endoscopy report was then compared to the lab measured actual polyp size. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 39 patients were identified with polyps &gt;1 cm in size who has had polypectomy done. Results are as below: <h3>Conclusion</h3> From this study we can conclude that visual estimation with or without the open biopsy forceps technique is completely inaccurate with wide variations between the reported size and the actual size of the polyps when measured in our laboratory. Accurate measurement of colonic polyps is important as inaccuracies can lead to potentially larger polyps not being tattooed and subsequent difficulty in identification during surgery and surveillance. We advocate that the ‘gold standard’ practice of direct measurement of the polyp once excised and outside the body be adopted and the actual size should be documented according to direct measurement. <h3>References</h3> Gopalswamy N, Shenoy V, Choudhry U <i>et al</i>. Is <i>in vivo</i> measurement of size of polyps during colonoscopy accurate? <i>Gastrointest Endosc</i>. 1997 Dec;46(6):497–502 Rex D, Rabinovitz R. Variable interpretation of polyp size by using open forceps by experienced colonoscopists. <i>Gastrointest Endosc</i>. 2013 Oct 8. pii: S0016–5107(13)02317–1 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.