tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2416: The effects of methylation-controlled DnaJD1 in hepatitis B virus X protein expressed hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yi-Wen Lai, Jeremy, J.W. Chen, Hsiao-Ling Chen, Chuan-Mu Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The development of hepatocllular carcinoma (HCC) is a multistep process with accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alternations in regulatory genes, leading to activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. In our studies, we used non-commercial MCGI (mouse CpG islands) microarray to identify many genes that were hypermethylation in the liver tumor tissues of HBx-overexpressed transgenic mice, and examined the mehtylation pattern on these selected genes by bisulfite sequencing. According to the methylation analysis results, we focused on a methylation-controlled DNAJ family (MCJ) gene, DnaJD1. It was found hypermethylation in the promoter region and followed reduced mRNA expression in Hep3B hepatoma cells, which contain HBV genome. The HBV or HBx was involved in epigenetic modification during HCC tumorgenesis still not clear. In our previous research results, we are looking forward to realize the DnaJD1 characters in HBx expressed HCC. Consequently, the over-expressed DnaJD1 in Hep3B cells were established and investigated the physiologic effects of DnaJD1 in cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion ability in vitro. In addition, DnaJD1 shRNA fragments were also applied to realize the related roles of DnaJD1 in DnaJD1 over-expressed Hep3B cells. Data suggested that DnaJD1 re-expressed in Hep3B cells that could effect the cell physiological characterizations, and the semi-quantitative RT-PCR results showed DnaJD1 could effect the HBx gene expression. Furthermore, the tumorgenesis in xenotransplanted nude mice were also examined. In these results, we concluded that DnaJD1 could display the important role in HBx expressed HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2416. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2416
Pilot scheme is launched to resolve disputes with NHS through mediation
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A new pilot scheme has been launched in England to try to resolve clinical negligence claims by mediation rather than litigation.

The NHS Litigation Authority, which announced the scheme on 5 August, hopes that the initiative will resolve claims more quickly and avoid the high costs to both sides of going to law. The pilot will offer mediation in cases involving the death of a child or an elderly person or a dispute over …
Spectrum of LKB1, EGFR, and KRAS Mutations in Chinese Lung Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Bin Gao, Yihua Sun, Junhua Zhang, Yan Ren, Rong Fang, Xiangkun Han, Lei Shen, Xin-yuan Liu, William Pao, Haiquan Chen, Hongbin Ji
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
How to formulate research recommendations
Authors: Polly Brown, Klara Brunnhuber, Kalipso Chalkidou, Iain Chalmers, Mike Clarke, Mark Fenton, Carol Forbes, Julie Glanville, Nicholas J Hicks, Janet Moody, Sara Twaddle, Hazim Timimi, Pamela Young
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains the most aggressive and frequently occurring brain neoplasm. Members of the Rho family of small GTP-binding proteins, including Rho, Rac, and Cdc42, have been shown to participate in cell growth differentiation and motility. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which includes extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), has been shown to regulate cell growth, differentiation and motility. Here, the involvement of the Rho and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway, along with MAPK, was investigated to determine their roles in GBM cell migration and proliferation. Materials and Methods: In vitro studies utilized the human malignant glioblastoma cell line LN-18. The cells were treated with Y-27632, a ROCK inhibitor, and U0126, an upstream MAPK kinase inhibitor (MEK), alone or in combination with one another. Immunoblotting analysis established the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2. Cell migration was determined by radial migration assay and cell proliferation by MTT. Results: Y-27632 reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 at 0.5 and 2 h. U0126 in combination with Y-27632 led to a more pronounced repression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)- or fibronectin (FN)-induced ERK1/2 activation than U0126 treatment alone. Y-27632 treatment for 24 h suppressed GBM cell migration and resulted in a reduction in LN-18 cell proliferation. Furthermore, PDGF and FN-induced cell proliferation was suppressed by pre-treatment with Y-27632 or U0126, with the greatest reduction achieved by a combination of the two inhibitors. Conclusion: Rho/ROCK signaling is involved in GBM cell migration and proliferation, and this pathway may be linked to ERK signaling.
Current Treatment of Patients Surviving Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Ross Brooks
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Most out-of-hospital cardiac arrests result from the sudden onset of a sustained ventricular arrhythmia in the absence of a new myocardial infarction. Individuals who survive cardiac arrest are at high risk for recurrent arrhythmias and sudden unexpected death. To prevent recurrent cardiac arrest, effective treatment must be provided during hospitalization after the initial episode. Caring for the survivor of cardiac arrest requires a detailed clinical investigation to define the underlying cardiac anatomy and left ventricular function and to elucidate the mechanism and characteristics of the patient's arrhythmia. Appropriate antiarrhythmic therapy, such as drugs or a nonpharmacological intervention (eg, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator), is then selected based on these considerations. In addition, ischemia is treated aggressively with beta-adrenergic blocking agents and, when appropriate, with surgical coronary artery revascularization.
Engines of Healing
Authors: Shirley A. Cody
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extracts from "Clinical Evidence": Malaria: prevention in travellers
Authors: A. Croft
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Malaria is caused by a protozoan infection of red blood cells with one of four species of the genus plasmodium: P falciparum, P vivax, P ovale, or P malariae. Clinically, malaria may present in different ways, but it is usually characterised by fever (which may be swinging), tachycardia, rigors, and sweating. Anaemia, hepatosplenomegaly, cerebral involvement, renal failure, and shock may occur. INCIDENCE/PREVALENCE: Each year there are 300-500 million clinical cases of malaria. About 40% of the world's population is at risk of acquiring the disease. Each year 25-30 million people from non-tropical countries visit areas in which malaria is endemic, of whom between 10,000 and 30,000 contract malaria. AETIOLOGY/RISK FACTORS: Malaria is mainly a rural disease, requiring standing water nearby. It is transmitted by bites from infected female anopheline mosquitoes, mainly at dusk and during the night. In cities, mosquito bites are usually from female culicene mosquitoes, which are not vectors of malaria. Malaria is resurgent in most tropical countries and the risk to travellers is increasing.
Failure of consultant expansion
Authors: P. Aveyard
Journal: BMJ (1995)

216 7 (33-1) mmHg; P=0 07) in patients who presented in March.Our findings are in keeping with a seasonal variation in arterial blood pressure as it is known that higher blood pressures are recorded in winter than in summer.'4There was, however, no seasonal pattern to the incidence of malignant phase hyper- tension.
INDIVIDUALIZED LONGEVITY PROMOTION (PRECLINICAL MEDICINE)
Authors: WILLIAM G. EXTON
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Practice of medicine, in its last analysis, aims to promote longevity. This function, however, is not always recognized by the practitioner, because of his absorption in the labors of alleviating pain and meeting clinical emergencies. As a matter of fact, the profession has been so preoccupied in caring for the sick that important functions of the general practitioner have been left open to usurpation by more or less well intentioned outside agencies, which engage in exploiting those phases of longevity promotion concerned with keeping the well well, and preventing or postponing the development of clinical conditions in the near sick. This work is characterized by the great emphasis laid on personal health values to be gained by as wide an application as possible of personal hygiene, prophylaxis, prevention, and eventually also of earlier or, as Sir James Mackenzie puts it, "predispositional diagnosis." If one agrees with the view I hold
Cavernous Hemangioma Why Is Peripheral Filling at Scintigraphy So Rare?
Authors: WALTER E. DRANE, ELLSWORTH WEATHERBY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Peripheral filling at dynamic CT occurs frequently with cavernous hemangiomas, yet this phenomenon is a rare finding on Tc-99m RBC imaging. A case of peripheral filling of a cavernous hemangioma with scintigraphy is reported and the rationale for its infrequent occurrence is discussed.
Isolated first rib fracture in athletes
Authors: T Sakellaridis, A Stamatelopoulos, E Andrianopoulos, P Kormas
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2004)

Isolated fractures of the first rib are uncommon. They are caused by major blunt trauma, a violent muscular pull, or fatigue. Diagnosis is usually made by chest radiography and computed tomography. Angiography is justified when certain criteria are met. Treatment is rest and mild analgesia. Early and late complications have been reported and are treated accordingly. The purpose of this article is to report a case of first rib stress fracture in a kick boxer and review the pertinent literature.
Pericardial Effusion Mistaken for Cardiac Enlargement in Severe Anemia
Authors: LOUIS A. SOLOFF, C. T. BELLO
Journal: Circulation (1950)

Anemia is sometimes the sole cause of enlargement of the so-called cardiac silhouette. Successful treatment of the anemia may then restore the silhouette to normal. The enlargement has been attributed to cardiac dilatation. Because of the recognized difficulty in distinguishing pericardial effusion from cardiac dilatation, direct puncture was attempted in two instances of anemia with the silhouette enlarged presumably due to dilatation. In each instance, the enlargement was demonstrated to be due almost exclusively to pericardial effusion.
Clotting Factors during Oral Contraception: Further Report
Authors: L. Poller, J. M. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Coagulation studies were performed on 97 women taking a variety of oral contraceptives (OCs) 100 normal control women and 76 pregnant women (13 in the first trimester 26 in the second and 37 in the third).  Prothrombin activity cephaline time and factor 7 8 and 10 assays were performed before the start and after 1 2 and 3 months then between 3-6 months 7-12 months and between 1-2 years.  Prothrombin activity showed only slight variation throughout.  There was little difference in cephalin time between the OC and the normal group.  In contrast the pregnant patients showed progressively shorter cephalin times which became shortened during the second trimester the most marked acceleration occurring postpartum.  There was little change in factor 7 during the first trimester of pregnancy but from the second trimester on a rise was recorded.  A rise in factor 7 and 10 levels was seen from the third month on with the maximum in those patients who had been on OCs for more than 2 years.  A broader spectrum of clotting tests appeared to be accelerated during normal pregnancy than during OC therapy and both factor 7 and 10 were higher when comparing trimesters of pregnancy with a similar period on OCs.  After a 2 year course the rise in factor 7 levels was of the same order.  It was concluded that it is important to determine whether factor 7 goes on increasing with more prolonged courses of oral contraception.
Orbital Hydatid Cyst: Treatment and Prevention of Recurrences with Albendazole plus Praziquantel
Authors: M.E. Jiménez-Mejı́as, J.C. Alarcón-Rivas, F.J. Márquez-Rivas, J. Palomino-Nicás, J.M. Montero, J. Pachón
Journal: Journal of Infection (2000)
Demand on Medicaid slows in 2012 as economy improves
Authors: E. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The genetic cross is a fundamental, flexible, and widely-used experimental technique to create new mutant strains from existing ones. Surprisingly, the problem of how to efficiently compute a sequence of crosses that can make a desired target mutant from a set of source mutants has received scarce attention. In this paper, we make three contributions to this question. First, we formulate several natural problems related to efficient synthesis of a target mutant from source mutants. Our formulations capture experimentally-useful notions of verifiability (e.g the need to confirm that a mutant contains mutations in the desired genes) and permissibility (e.g., the requirement that no intermediate mutants in the synthesis be inviable). Second, we develop combinatorial techniques to solve these problems. We prove that checking the existence of a verifiable, permissible synthesis is <b>NP</b>-complete in general. We complement this result with three polynomial time or fixed-parameter tractable algorithms for optimal synthesis of a target mutant for special cases of the problem that arise in practice. Third, we apply these algorithms to simulated data and to synthetic data. We use results from simulations of a mathematical model of the cell cycle to replicate realistic experimental scenarios where a biologist may be interested in creating several mutants in order to verify model predictions. Our results show that the consideration of permissible mutants can affect the existence of a synthesis or the number of crosses in an optimal one. Our algorithms gracefully handle the restrictions that permissible mutants impose. Results on synthetic data show that our algorithms scale well with increases in the size of the input and the fixed parameters.
Survivorship Patterns of Larval Amphibians Exposed to Low Concentrations of Atrazine
Authors: Sara I. Storrs, Joseph M. Kiesecker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Amphibians can be exposed to contaminants in nature by many routes, but perhaps the most likely route is agricultural runoff in amphibian breeding sites. This runoff results in high-level pulses of pesticides. For example, atrazine, the most widely used pesticide in the United States, can be present at several parts per million in agricultural runoff. However, pesticide levels are likely to remain in the environment at low levels for longer periods. Nevertheless, most studies designed to examine the impacts of contaminants are limited to short-term (approximately 4 days) tests conducted at relatively high concentrations. To investigate longer-term (approximately 30 days) exposure of amphibians to low pesticide levels, we exposed tadpoles of four species of frogs--spring peepers (Pseudacris crucifer), American toads (Bufo americanus, green frogs (Rana clamitans), and wood frogs (Rana sylvatica)--at early and late developmental stages to low concentrations of a commercial preparation of atrazine (3, 30, or 100 ppb; the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water standard is 3 ppb). We found counterintuitive patterns in rate of survivorship. Survival was significantly lower for all animals exposed to 3 ppb compared with either 30 or 100 ppb, except the late stages of B. americanus and R. sylvatica. These survival patterns highlight the importance of investigating the impacts of contaminants with realistic exposures and at various developmental stages. This may be particularly important for compounds that produce greater mortality at lower doses than higher doses, a pattern characteristic of many endocrine disruptors.
Falciparum malaria resistant to chloroquine and fansidar: implications for prophylaxis.
Authors: C Herzog, C C Kibbler, C J Ellis, C V Mtawali
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Results of questionnaire on employment experience of patients with diabetes Insulin Non-insulin Men Women dependent dependent Total (n = 244) (n = 122) (n = 186) (n = 180) (n = 366) Mean age (years) 52 8 44-0 40 3 53.048.4 Mean duration of diabetes (years) 8-2 9 2 13 0 4-5 8-5 No (,) employed 176 (72) 63 (51) 120 (65) 119 (66) 239 (65) No (o°,) registered unemployed 35 (14) 9 (7) 25 (13) 19 (11) 44 (12) No (",) ever refused work because of diabetes 17 (7) 6 (5) 20 (11) 3 (2) 23 (6) No (",) ever made redundant because of diabetes 12 (5) 2 (2) 14 (8) 14 (4) No (" ,, ) registered disabled 30 (12) 13 (11) 29 (16) 14 (8) 43 (12)' Jackson JGL.Employment survey.
Association of Depression Duration With Reduction of Global Cerebral Gray Matter Volume in Female Patients With Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Indrag K. Lampe, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Joost Janssen, Hugo G. Schnack, René S. Kahn, Thea J. Heeren
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

The authors investigated the relationship between depression duration and cerebral gray matter volume in female patients with recurrent major depressive disorder.Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure intracranial and total brain volumes as well as gray matter and white matter volumes of the cerebrum; frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes; cerebellum; and the lateral and third ventricles in 23 female patients with DSM-IV major depression.Correlation and regression analyses showed a significant relationship between total illness duration and cerebral gray matter (including cortical lobe) volume after correction for intracranial volume and age.Depressive states may lead to changes in global cerebral gray matter volume.
679 INHIBITION OF CHYMASE-DEPENDENT PRODUCTION OF KIDNEY ANGIOTENSIN II IMPROVES RENAL SODIUM HANDLING AND PREVENTS ASCITES IN EXPERIMENTAL LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: G. Sansoe’, M. Aragno, R. Mastrocola, G. Mengozzi, E. Novo, A. Smedile, M. Parola, M. Rizzetto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Immunophenotypic patterns and cytogenetic anomalies in acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia subtypes: a prospective study of 432 patients
Authors: RO Casasnovas, L Campos, F Mugneret, C Charrin, MC Béné, R Garand, M Favre, C Sartiaux, I Chaumarel, M Bernier, G Faure, E Solary
Journal: Leukemia (1998)
(18) Multiple familial cafe au lait spots and glioma
Authors: T.A.J. Dawson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article (18) Multiple familial café au lait spots and glioma Get access T.A.J. Dawson T.A.J. Dawson Craigavon Area Hospital, Craigavon, Northern Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s26, 1 July 1984, Pages 64–65, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb05288.x Published: 01 July 1984
Eosinophilopoietic factors prime eosinophils for increased interleukin‐8 generation
Authors: M. Miyamasu, Y. Misaki, K. Hirai, S. Izumi, T. Takaishi, K. Matsushima, Y. Morita, T. Kasahara
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Recent studies have identified eosinophils as a cellular source of various cytokines, indicating that eosinophils play not only an effector role but also a regulatory role within the allergic inflammatory cell network. Because eosinophilopoietic factors are known to stimulate various functions of eosinophils, we examined the effect of interleukin (IL)‐5 on chemoattractant‐induced IL‐8 generation from eosinophils. Although IL‐5 alone induced little or no IL‐8 production from eosinophils, short‐term preincubation with IL‐5 markedly enhanced the eosinophil IL‐8 generation caused by C5a plus cytochalasin B (CB). IL‐3 also potentiated C5a‐induced IL‐8 generation. Both factors were active at picomolar concentrations. Furthermore, competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments revealed that the enhancement occurred at the pretranslational level. Since eosinophils in allergic inflammation are believed to be activated by these eosinophilopoietic factors, eosinophil‐derived cytokines may play more important roles in the allergic inflammatory cell network than has been previously supposed.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF GOITER.
Authors: C. H. MAYO
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The statistics of the continental surgeons in reference to goiter have greatly added to the wholesome respect we have held as to their surgical skill. There the various operative methods of affording relief have been advanced to a high state of perfection. Especially is this true in localities in which goiter is endemic, where many surgeons have done hundreds, a few over a thousand, and the great surgeon, Kocher, is well along now in his third thousand of operations for goiter. Their mortality is low, and becomes less with increasing experience. In this country, where the disease is comparatively rare, the greater proportion of operations have been from necessity, and too often were delayed until a fatal result was a not infrequent occurrence. Few operators have had a large experience, and the mortality has been somewhat higher, taken as a whole, than that of continental surgeons; but possibly this difference
CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF INVERSION OF THE UTERUS
Authors: CHARLES E. McLENNAN
Journal: JAMA (1942)

It has often been said that inversion of the uterus is an extremely rare obstetric complication. However, it is difficult to estimate accurately the true incidence of inversion because of the discrepancy between figures from the older literature and those of recent years. Most early reports cite an incidence of one inversion to several hundred thousand deliveries,<sup>1</sup>while more recently the reported incidence in various clinics has ranged from a high of 1: 740 to a low of 1: 16,000.<sup>2</sup>Apparently, then, inversion of the uterus occurs with sufficient frequency to make it likely that any one doing obstetric practice will encounter an occasional case. But, as with other rare disorders, accepted standard methods of treatment have not been generally agreed on. This leads to the use of a variety of therapeutic measures of doubtful value and tends to keep the mortality rates at unnecessarily high levels. A
Accumulation of AMPA Receptors in Autophagosomes in Neuronal Axons Lacking Adaptor Protein AP-4
Authors: Shinji Matsuda, Eriko Miura, Keiko Matsuda, Wataru Kakegawa, Kazuhisa Kohda, Masahiko Watanabe, Michisuke Yuzaki
Journal: Neuron (2008)