tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Late Postoperative Conduction Disturbances After Repair of Ventricular Septal Defect and Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: M. J. GODMAN, N. K. ROBERTS, T. IZUKAWA
Journal: Circulation (1974)

His bundle electrograms were recorded in five children who developed complete heart block (CHB) five months to five years after cardiac surgery. In four children who had an electrocardiographic pattern of right bundle branch block and left axis deviation (RBBB and LAD) preceding the appearance of CHB, the site of block was distal to the area generating the His potential. The fifth child, who had an electrocardiographic pattern of RBBB with normal axis prior to the development of CHB, had block occurring proximal to the area generating His potential. All five children had had transient CHB in the immediate postoperative period. In an additional 17 postoperative patients, His bundle recordings were obtained during sinus rhythm. Five out of ten patients with RBBB and LAD on the electrocardiogram and one patient with LBBB had H-V interval prolongation, a recording suggesting incomplete bilateral bundle branch block or trifascicular block. Six patients with RBBB only on the electrocardiogram had normal H-V intervals. All the patients with H-V interval prolongation had had CHB transiently in the immediate postoperative period. This study suggests that patients with an electrocardiographic pattern of RBBB and LAD who have had transient CHB postoperatively may have, more extensive residual damage to the conduction system than suspected on the basis of the surface electrocardiogram alone and because of the risk of late recurrence of CHB should be given a guarded prognosis.
Impact of pretransplant minimal residual disease after cord blood transplantation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission: an Eurocord, PDWP–EBMT analysis
Authors: A Ruggeri, G Michel, J-H Dalle, M Caniglia, F Locatelli, A Campos, C D de Heredia, M Mohty, J M P Hurtado, M Bierings, H Bittencourt, M Mauad, D Purtill, R Cunha, N Kabbara, E Gluckman, M Labopin, C Peters, V Rocha
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Realities in accessing records
Authors: A. Finn
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Realities in accessing records Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Integrating constructivist and ecological approaches
Authors: Wayne Shebilske
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Norman relates two theoretical approaches, the constructivist and ecological, to two cortical visual streams, the ventral and dorsal systems, respectively. This commentary reviews a similar approach in order to increase our understanding of complex skill development and to advance Norman's goal of stimulating and guiding research on the two theoretical approaches and the two visual systems.
Associations between criteria air pollutants and asthma.
Authors: H S Koren
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The evidence that asthma is increasing in prevalence is becoming increasingly compelling. This trend has been demonstrated not only in the United States, but also in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, and several other Western countries. In the United States, the increase is largest in the group under 18 years of age. There is mounting evidence that certain environmental air pollutants are involved in exacerbating asthma. This is based primarily on epidemiologic studies and more recent clinical studies. The U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970 provides special consideration to the class of outdoor air pollutants referred to as criteria pollutants, including O3, sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter (PM), NOx, CO, and Pb. Standards for these pollutants are set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency with particular concern for populations at risk. Current evidence suggests that asthmatics are more sensitive to the effects of O3, SO2, PM, and NO2, and are therefore at risk. High SO2 and particulate concentrations have been associated with short-term increases in morbidity and mortality in the general population during dramatic air pollution episodes in the past. Controlled exposure studies have clearly shown that asthmatics are sensitive to low levels of SO2. Exercising asthmatics exposed to SO2 develop bronchoconstriction within minutes, even at levels of 0.25 ppm. Responses are modified by air temperature, humidity, and exercise level. Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that exposure to PM is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality in the general population and that hospital admissions for bronchitis and asthma were associated with PM10 levels. In controlled clinical studies, asthmatics appear to be no more reactive to aerosols than healthy subjects. Consequently, it is difficult to attribute the increased mortality observed in epidemiologic studies to specific effects demonstrated in controlled human studies. Epidemiologic studies of hospital admissions for asthma have implicated O3 as contributing to the exacerbation of asthma; however, most study designs could not separate the O3 effects from the concomitant effects of acid aerosols and SO2. Controlled human clinical studies have suggested that asthmatics have similar changes in spirometry and airway reactivity in response to O3 exposure compared to healthy adults. However, a possible role of O3 in worsening atopic asthma has recently been suggested in studies combining allergen challenge following exposure to O3. Attempts at identification of factors that predispose asthmatics to responsiveness to NO2 has produced inconsistent results and requires further investigation. In summary, asthmatics have been shown to be a sensitive subpopulation relative to several of the criteria pollutants. Further research linking epidemiologic, clinical, and toxicologic approaches is required to better understand and characterize the risk of exposing asthmatics to these pollutants.
Assessment of ventricular septal defect closure by intraoperative epicardial ultrasound
Authors: Oliver Stümper, Alan G. Fraser, Nynke Elzenga, Marc Van Daele, Ingrid Frohn-Mulder, Lex A. Van Herwerden, Jan M. Quaegebeur, George R. Sutherland
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Prospective randomized trial of chemoembolization versus intra-arterial injection of131I-labeled-iodized oil in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: J Raoul, D Guyader, J Bretagne, J Heautot, R Duvauferrier, P Bourguet, D Bekhechi, Y M Deugnier, M Gosselin
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Intra-arterial injection of radioactive Lipiodol has shown promising results in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal obstruction. The aim of this prospective, randomized trial was to compare the efficacy and tolerance of 131 I-labeled Lipiodol and chemoembolization for the treatment of patients with HCC. From September 1990 to September 1993, 142 patients (135 men, 7 women; age: 65 ± 6.6 years) were randomly assigned to treatment groups and given either intra-arterial injections of 131 I-labeled Lipiodol (60 mCi; 2.2 GBq) (n = 73) or chemoembolization (70 mg cisplatin) (n = 69). Subsequent injections were given at 2, 5, 8, 12, and 18 months. Tumor response was assessed on the basis of tumor size and serum α-fetoprotein levels. Patient tolerance was assessed clinically and angiographically. Survival rate was the main end-point. A total of 129 patients (65 in the 131 I-labeled Lipiodol group and 64 in the chemoembolization group) were available for analysis; 13 were excluded, mainly because of portal vein thrombosis. The two groups were comparable. Actuarial survival curves were not significantly different between the two groups. Overall survival rates at 6 months, 1, 2, 3, and 4 years were 69%, 38%, 22%, 14%, and 10%, and 66%, 42%, 22%, 3%, and 0% in the 131 I-labeled Lipiodol and chemoembolization groups, respectively. Reduction in tumor size was similar for the two groups, with complete response in 1 and 0 patients and partial response in 15 and 16 patients in the 131 I-labeled Lipiodol and chemoembolization groups, respectively. Tolerance was significantly better in the 131 I- labeled Lipiodol group both clinically (3 severe side effects vs. 29 in the chemoembolization group; P &lt; .001) and angiographically (1 arterial thrombosis vs. 10 in the chemoembolization group; P &lt; .01). In terms of patient survival and tumor response, radioactive 131 I-labeled Lipiodol and chemoembolization were equally effective in the treatment of HCC, but tolerance to 131 I-labeled Lipiodol was significantly better.
629 UPTAKE OF HEPATITIS C SCREENING AND TREATMENT AMONG ACTIVE DRUG USERS IN AMSTERDAM: RESULTS OF THE DUTCH-C PROJECT (DRUG USERS TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C)
Authors: C. Lindenburg, A. Urbanus, F. Lambers, C.J. Weegink, J. Schinkel, P.L.M. Jansen, M. Beld, A. Krol, G. Casteelen, G. van Santen, C. van den Berg, R. Coutinho, M. Prins
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Melanoma antigen-encoding gene expression in melanocytic naevi and cutaneous malignant melanomas
Authors: None BASARAB, None PICARD, None SIMPSON, None RUSSELL-JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Melanoma antigen-encoding (MAGE) genes encode peptides which are expressed by a proportion of malignant melanomas (MMs) and can be recognized in vitro by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes in a human leucocyte-associated antigen (HLA)-restricted manner. Although expression of MAGE genes has been studied in cutaneous MMs, little is known about their expression in melanocytic naevi. We studied MAGE 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 gene expression in tissue from 10 benign melanocytic naevi, 14 dysplastic melanocytic naevi, three cutaneous MMs in situ, four primary cutaneous MMs and three distant metastatic MMs. MAGE gene expression was determined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using random hexamers to generate cDNA from total tissue homogenate RNA followed by PCR using intron-spanning, MAGE-specific primer pairs. Controls were cDNA from MAGE-expressing melanoma cell lines. Expression of HLA class 1 was used as a cDNA quality control. MAGE 2, 4, 6 and 12 gene expression was not detected in any of the lesions studied. MAGE 1 and 3 gene expression was also not detected in any of the cases of benign and dysplastic melanocytic naevi and in situ MMs. One of four primary MMs expressed the MAGE 3 gene. Two of three distant metastatic MMs also expressed the MAGE 3 gene and one of these additionally expressed the MAGE 1 gene. Thus, MAGE gene expression appears to be a late event in the evolution of MMs.
The influence of coronary collateral flow on the assessment of myocardial perfusion by videodensitometry
Authors: Kazuya Murata, Valmik Bhargava, François Ricou, Shiro Ono, None Masashi Kambayashi, Byung-Hee Oh, Kirk L Peterson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

Coronary collateral flow often mitigates the effects of coronary artery obstruction and has a significant impact on the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. In the presence of variable degrees of coronary collateral flow, digital radiographic assessment of myocardial blood flow has not been quantitatively validated.A distal coronary arterial collateral path was created into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) bed in 8 anesthetized pigs. Both LAD and collateral paths were pump-perfused and corresponding flows measured. A number of commonly used digital indices and parametric images of myocardial perfusion were then extracted from the sequence of images filmed before and during the injection of contrast. Data were acquired at 5 levels of total flow (LAD flow + collateral flow): 100, 85, 70, 55 and 40% of maximally vasodilated, baseline flow. At each level of total flow, data were acquired at 4 levels of collateral flow ratios (collateral flow/total flow): 0, 10, 25 and 50%.Regional percent segment shortening, reflecting myocardial blood flow, decreased as total flow fell, and remained unaltered when coronary collateral ratio alone was altered without change in total flow. On the other hand, linear regression between total flow and digital indices at 10, 25 and 50% coronary collateral flow ratios, compared with 0%, showed a successive and significant downward displacement, documenting an underestimation of flow by all digital indices in the presence of collateral flow.In the absence of a collateral pathway and during maximal coronary vasodilation with adenosine, digital radiographic indices of myocardial perfusion, based upon indicator dilution theory, show a relatively good correlation with regional transmural myocardial blood flow. However, due to underestimation of total transmural blood flow, these indices have limited utility when myocardial perfusion is provided in part by a collateral pathway. The effect is probably related to an alteration in the regional vascular volume into which iodinated contrast is injected.
Abstract 2983: Gene resilencing following decitabine therapy is initiated by nucleosome reoccupancy and is related to CpG island shore methylation.
Authors: Vibha Patil, Mathew A. Sloane, Jason Wh Wong, Jia Liu, Robyn L. Ward, Luke B. Hesson
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Decitabine is a front line therapy for myelogenous leukaemias and is in clinical trials for various solid tumour types. This DNA demethylating agent reactivates genes silenced by promoter hypermethylation in cancer. However upon drug withdrawal reexpressed genes undergo remethylation (resilencing) which may underlie drug resistance and presents a barrier to effective therapy. We aimed to define the ordered sequence of epigenetic events associated with resilencing. Using biallelically methylated MLH1 as a model gene, we profiled epigenetic changes at the MLH1 promoter associated with reexpression and resilencing in a colorectal cancer cell line before, during and after Decitabine treatment. In contrast to the closed chromatin structure observed before treatment, Decitabine induced increased MLH1 expression and 54% decreased promoter methylation. We show that gene resilencing, which occurs 6-8 days following removal of therapy, is not due to promoter remethylation but is initiated by reoccupancy of nucleosomes to demethylated promoter alleles. Furthermore, long-term monitoring of cells following treatment showed MLH1 expression never reverts to pretreatment levels with low-level expression and demethylated promoter alleles persisting up to 118 days after withdrawal of Decitabine. Genome-wide methylation profiling was used to categorise promoter CpG Islands (CGI) based on their degree of demethylation after treatment. This revealed that CGIs with persistence of demethylated promoter alleles after long-term recovery (n=108) showed significantly lower levels of CGI shore methylation (p=0.0231). Our findings suggest a role for shore methylation in susceptibility to CGI remethylation and that therapeutic targeting of nucleosome assembly may provide a novel strategy to prevent gene resilencing. Citation Format: Vibha Patil, Mathew A. Sloane, Jason Wh Wong, Jia Liu, Robyn L. Ward, Luke B. Hesson. Gene resilencing following decitabine therapy is initiated by nucleosome reoccupancy and is related to CpG island shore methylation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2983. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2983
New Drugs: Controlling symptoms in advanced cancer
Authors: T D Walsh, T S West
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Many patients who have cancer have metastatic  at diagnosis and cannot be cured by modern cancer treatment, though there are tumour s?for example, tumours of  testis, choriocarcinomas, and Hodgkin's disease?that are now curable even at an advanced stage. Some other tumours?for example, in  lung (oat cell), breast, and prostate?may show considerable benefit from chemotherapy or hormonal manipulation. This is why histological proof of diagnosis should always be obtained and management reviewed by an oncologist. Many patients who have cancer present with pain or other symptoms, and for them  need for relief from symptoms occurs throughout  course of   and not just in  terminal stages. Those patients who are unfortunate enough to have an incurable cancer will often die within two years after metastatic  has been diagnosed. Early in treatment of   priority must be given to attempts to obtain a cure. For patients who have advanced cancer, however,  symptoms are  illness. A decision must then be made that   is incurable and that henceforth  priorities of management must focus on controlling  symptoms. Once this has been decided, medical and nursing care can aim positively at relieving distress. Recognising that the symptoms are  disease is an important psychological adjustment for both  doctor and  patient. It helps to avoid  nothing more can be done syndrome or  continuation of ineffective treatments. Implicit in this decision is tactful honesty and open communication among  patient, doctor, and family.
The Financial Management of Hospitals
Authors: Charles E. Housley
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The fifth and latest edition of<i>The Financial Management of Hospitals</i>, by Berman and Weeks, continues in the tradition of its predecessors as a classic text of health financial management. Yet, its usefulness today is not and should not be limited to students or practitioners of administration. Rather, Berman and Weeks provide a well-written and far-reaching introduction to the world of health care finance for trustees, physicians, consumers, and politicians— in short, all of those involved in decision making in the health field today. The usefulness of this text is increased by its well-organized, selfcontained chapters and fluid prose style. The scope, which exceeds that of most introductory finance books, makes it appropriate as a first exposure for the novice or a refresher course for the more experienced. However, readers wishing a more in-depth treatment of some subjects, such as inventory management, will find the bibliographies following the chapters very
Chemotherapeutic agents against RNA viruses: ranks swelling
Authors: M. L. Zoler
Journal: JAMA (1983)

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Royal President — Fitness to Plead — Four Million Teen-Agers
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN a special article in the British Medical Journal a correspondent has recalled how keenly the monarchy in this country has supported medicine and science over the centuries. In the medieval period the monarchs were intimately concerned with the foundation of the early teaching hospitals and later with the organization of the colleges of medicine and surgery. During the Victorian era, when many of the great advances were surrounded by controversy, the Queen herself recognized the doctrine of antisepsis and the development of anesthesia as being of major importance. Her own submission to chloroform, administered by Dr. John Snow at . . .
Rhabdomyolysis after co-prescription of statin and fusidic acid
Authors: S. Kearney, A. S. Carr, J. McConville, M. O. McCarron
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Avoid co-prescription of fusidic acid with statins to reduce the risk of rhabdomyolysis

Statins can cause a spectrum of muscle disorders ranging from an asymptomatic increase in serum creatine kinase concentration to life threatening rhabdomyolysis.1 The risk of statin myotoxicity is related to serum levels of the drug,2 and co-prescription with other drugs can influence statin levels and so increase risk.3 4 The British National Formulary emphasises muscle effects of statins and recommends avoidance of their concomitant use with fibrates, azole antifungals, antiretrovirals, and ciclosporin because of increased myopathy risk.5 An increased risk of myopathy with co-prescription of simvastatin and fusidic acid, and a possible increased myopathy risk with co-prescription of atorvastatin and fusidic acid are also identified, but avoidance of co-prescription was not explicitly recommended until 2012.5 This drug combination continues to be prescribed, with substantial associated morbidity and mortality.

We report eight cases of rhabdomyolysis apparently precipitated by fusidic acid in patients already taking statins. We highlight the potential seriousness of this interaction and continued co-prescription.

Between 2006 and March 2012, eight patients with rhabdomyolysis attributed to co-prescription of a statin and fusidic acid were identified by the Northern Ireland neurology service. Northern Ireland has a population of approximately 1.7 million and is served by a “hub and spoke” neurology service from Belfast. We present clinical accounts of two representative cases, and table 1⇓ provides a summary of all the cases.

View this table:

Table 1 
 Cases of rhabdomyolysis associated with co-prescription of statin and fusidic acid identified by Northern Ireland neurology service during 2006–March 2012



### Case 1

A 59 year old man with type 2 diabetes and ischaemic heart disease underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in July 2006. He had been taking atorvastatin 40 mg daily for over a year without adverse effect and had normal baseline renal …
Angiogenin Is Translocated to the Nucleus of HeLa Cells and Is Involved in Ribosomal RNA Transcription and Cell Proliferation
Authors: Takanori Tsuji, Yeqing Sun, Koji Kishimoto, Karen A. Olson, Shumei Liu, Saori Hirukawa, Guo-fu Hu
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Angiogenin is an angiogenic protein known to play a role in rRNA transcription in endothelial cells. Nuclear translocation of angiogenin in endothelial cells decreases as cell density increases and ceases when cells are confluent. Here we report that angiogenin is constantly translocated to the nucleus of HeLa cells in a cell density–independent manner. Down-regulation of angiogenin expression by antisense and RNA interference results in a decrease in rRNA transcription, ribosome biogenesis, proliferation, and tumorigenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous angiogenin rescues the cells from antisense and RNA interference inhibition. The results showed that angiogenin is constitutively translocated into the nucleus of HeLa cells where it stimulates rRNA transcription. Thus, besides its angiogenic activity, angiogenin also plays a role in cancer cell proliferation.