tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of a pre-positioned guide wire to aid in the removal of a pancreatic duct stent that had migrated further into the duct
Authors: Y. Pan, L. Zhao, Z. Liu, R. Zhang, N. Hui, D. Fan, X. Guo
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Migration of a pancreatic duct stent further into the duct (proximal migration) after implantation is a relatively rare complication [1]. Various pieces of equipment such as a small balloon, snare, forceps, and grasping tripod have been used successfully to extract such stents [2] [3] [4]. However, their removal has proved technically challenging because of the narrow and tortuous shape of the pancreatic duct [2] [4]. This report describes a new method for extraction of a proximally migrated pancreatic duct stent with the help of a pre-positioned guide wire.
QT Dispersion Is Determined by the Extent of Viable Myocardium in Patients With Chronic Q-Wave Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Christian A. Schneider, Eberhard Voth, Frank M. Baer, Michael Horst, Rainer Wagner, Udo Sechtem
Journal: Circulation (1997)

QT dispersion is lower in patients with successful thrombolysis after acute myocardial infarction, suggesting that QT dispersion may be determined by the extent of viable and scarred myocardium.To test this hypothesis, QT dispersion was measured in a 12-lead resting ECG in 44 patients with chronic Q-wave myocardial infarction. To assess the extent of viable and scarred myocardium, all patients underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). In addition, all patients had revascularization of the infarct-related artery and repeated angiography 4 months later. QT dispersion was lower (53+/-20 versus 94+/-24 ms, P<.0001) in patients with evidence of a substantial amount of viable myocardium in the infarct region as demonstrated by PET (average FDG uptake > or = 50% of normalized, maximum FDG uptake) than in patients with only minimal residual viability. Average FDG uptake of the infarct region and FDG defect size were significantly related to QT dispersion (r=.64, P<.0001; r=.67, P<.0001), whereas ejection fraction was not (r<.1, P=NS). QT dispersion of < or = 70 ms had a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 82% to predict viable myocardium in the infarct region. QT dispersion was also lower in patients with improvement of left ventricular function 4 months after revascularization (54+/-21 versus 88+/-30 ms, P=.0003). QT dispersion of < or = 70 ms had a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 71% to predict improvement of left ventricular function.QT dispersion is determined by the amount of viable myocardium in the infarct region and may serve as a novel, rapidly available marker of substantial viability in the infarct region of patients with chronic Q-wave myocardial infarction.
Pregnancy and Diabetes
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Pregnancy and Diabetes Diabetes, a disorder that changes how the body deals with glucose (sugar), is divided into two main types: type 1 and type 2. In type 1 diabetes, which usually occurs in young persons, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.Type 2 diabetes is much more common and affects adults and children.Insulin resistance, not a shortage of insulin, is the major problem with type 2 diabetes.It is associated with obesity, heart disease, vascular disease, and other health problems.Women who have never had diabetes before but who develop high blood glucose levels during pregnancy are said to have gestational diabetes.This requires evaluation and treatment during pregnancy.It usually goes away after pregnancy but may return in subsequent pregnancies and may precede development of type 2 diabetes years later.The June 4, 2008, issue of JAMA includes an article about a woman with diabetes who is considering pregnancy.
Sex difference in the inhaled tartaric acid cough threshold in non-atopic healthy subjects.
Authors: M Fujimura, S Sakamoto, Y Kamio, T Matsuda
Journal: Thorax (1990)

The threshold for cough induced by inhaled tartaric acid was measured in 71 non-atopic healthy volunteers. The cough threshold was lower in women than in men, which may be relevant to previous reports that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors induce cough more frequently in women than in men.
Commentary. Ecstasy and crack cocaine.
Authors: M. Wickremasinghe
Journal: Thorax (1996)

An expandable metal stent was inserted to relieve bronchial obstruction following lobectomy for localised squamous carci- noma which had not been relieved by bronchoplasty with a Goretex flap.This resulted in substantial improvement in lung function and exercise tolerance for nine months, following which severe in- flammation around the stents required residual pneumonectomy.
Lessons from liver transplantation: flip, flop, and why?
Authors: P C Adams
Journal: Gut (2003)

A case of hereditary haemochromatosis developing in a non-hereditary haemochromatosis recipient following transplantation of a C282Y heterozygous donor liver

The widespread application of liver transplantation has been the single most important therapy to extend long term survival in patients with a variety of acute and chronic liver diseases. A fringe benefit of liver transplantation has been identification, confirmation, and cure of the metabolic basis of diseases.1 Haemophilia patients transplanted for chronic hepatitis C are cured of their clotting disorder, and patients transplanted for Wilson disease show no signs of copper accumulation following transplantation. Although many transplant recipients have mild to moderate iron overload at the time of transplantation, liver transplantation has been uncommon in homozygotes for the C282Y mutation of the HFE gene for haemochromatosis, and the metabolic effects on iron metabolism have not been clearly established.2 Studies in which C282Y homozygous donors have been transplanted into normal recipients have …
Does desmopressin acetate reduce blood loss after surgery in patients on cardiopulmonary bypass?
Authors: E Rocha, R Llorens, J A Páramo, R Arcas, B Cuesta, A M Trenor
Journal: Circulation (1988)

It has been suggested that desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) administration reduces blood loss after cardiac surgery. We have investigated the effect of DDAVP administration in a double-blind, randomized, prospective trial including 100 patients placed on cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery. Fifty patients received 0.3 micrograms/kg DDAVP and 50 patients received a placebo administered in a 50 ml saline solution over 15 min when cardiopulmonary bypass had been concluded. Results showed no significant differences either in total blood loss per square meter (458 +/- 206 ml in the DDAVP group vs 536 +/- 304 ml in the placebo group) or in necessity for red cell transfusions (1642 +/- 705 ml in the DDAVP group vs 1574 +/- 645 ml in the placebo group) in the first 72 hr after surgery. Only intraoperative blood loss per square meter was significantly lower (p less than .02) in the DDAVP group (131 +/- 106 ml) as compared with the placebo group (193 +/- 137 ml). The prolongation of bleeding time and the decrease of factor VIII:C and factor VIII:von Willebrand factor 90 min after treatment were significantly lower (p less than .001) in the DDAVP group as compared with the placebo group. We conclude that the administration of DDAVP in patients placed on cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery does not reduce total blood loss and is only effective in reducing intraoperative bleeding.
Charity Commission says claim against GMC cannot proceed
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Dr Jennifer Colman's legal action for £5.1m ($8.1; €7.4m) against the General Medical Council has been dealt a blow by the Charity Commission, which has refused to allow the claim to go to court.

Dr Colman, a GMC member who is currently standing for re-election, is suing the GMC for negligence and breach of its statutory duty towards her. She claims she has been stopped from sitting on committees and subjected to a whispering campaign since she raised questions with the Charity Commission about GMC members' expense claims.

The GMC is a charity, and under the Charities Act 1993 most court proceedings relating to a charity require the authorisation of …
Chess and the Computer
Authors: Andrew Diosy
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To  Editor.—  I read with great interest  letter on Algorithms, Medicine, Chess, and War (239:1847, 1978). How ironic that Charles L. Witte, MD, was not aware that David Levy,  international chess master from Scotland, was recently defeated by a computer programmed by American experts and that he lost his wager of $4,000 on this issue.  I cannot but agree with William H. Crosby, MD, that the algorithm, like chess, is clean, elegant, intellectual, and knowable. On  other hand, life is a mess and so is  practice of medicine.
Influenza Vaccination of Children and Infection Rates in the Community—Reply
Authors: Mark Loeb
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Principles of Obstetrics
Authors: Warren C. Plauché
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The editor proposes in his preface to offer the student a core text with emphasis on physiological principles. He has, in fact, produced a binary text, part "core" material, part "advanced specialty" material. The core portion of the book consists of very brief, and sometimes superficial, chapters concerning the classic elements of obstetrics, such as fetal presentation, mechanism of labor, and prenatal and postpartum care. Most of these chapters were written by the editor himself. Interspersed among this very basic core material are erudite and extensive chapters on reproductive physiology, endocrinology, genetics, and a number of topics in the field of maternal-fetal medicine. This reviewer was particularly impressed with J. L. Simpson's genetics, Y. Dawood's endocrinology of pregnancy, N. H. Lauerson's fetal heart rate testing, and A. Berkeley's fetal monitoring chapters. These authoritative discussions by respected contributors raise the book to unexpected heights that may overshoot the stated core goals.
Paediatricians meet to tackle child abuse in former Soviet bloc
Authors: C. Kovac
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The true extent of child abuse in former Soviet bloc countries is at last being recognised, after years of its existence being completely denied, paediatricians and psychologists at a Budapest conference heard last week.

“Officially, child abuse didn't exist under the Communist concept of a perfect society,” said Dr Owen Lewis, associate clinical professor of psychiatry at New York City's Columbia Medical School and cofounder of the Children's Mental Health Alliance. “Soon after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989, it became very evident that …
A PLEA FOR MORE THOROUGH TRAINING IN GENERAL MEDICINE AND OBSTETRICS ON THE PART OF THE GYNECOLOGIST.Read in the Section on Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: HENRY P. NEWMAN
Journal: JAMA (1894)

In the pursuit of any calling or profession, as time advances and experience widens, certain conclusions force themselves upon us as the result of individual observation. These develop into positive opinions and generally strike us as original, since they are born of our knowledge of things as they are and our convictions of things as they should be. But very often we find that other workers in the same lines have been impressed with like certitudes, and have arrived at conclusions identical with our own. If, then, it happens that certain necessities or reforms are urged simultaneously by many careful and competent observers, it follows that there must be strong indications for their iteration, and if the matters be of any moment too much attention can not be given them. With this in mind it has occurred to me to offer to my colleagues in the gynecologic specialty some suggestions
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Authors: JOEL E. RICHTER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

In recent years, considerable new information has become available on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of gastroesophageal reflux. Gastric contents, mucosal resistance, esophageal acid clearance, and gastric emptying are now recognized, along with incompetency of the lower esophageal sphincter, as contributing factors to gastroesophageal reflux disease. The potential tests for reflux are reviewed and the diagnostic accuracy of each is evaluated. A diagnostic approach to the patient with reflux symptoms is outlined that considers the sensitivity and specificity of these various tests as well as their availability to the generalist and gastrointestinal specialist. Finally, an overview of the current therapy for reflux disease summarizes the controlled studies in the medical literature.
The effect of altering area of application and dose per unit area on sensitization by DNCB
Authors: S. I. White, P. S. Friedmann, Celia Moss, Judy M. Simpson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article The effect of altering area of application and dose per unit area on sensitization by DNCB Get access S. I. WHITE, S. I. WHITE Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Dr S.I.White, Department of Dermatology, Anderson College, 56 Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11, 6NU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. S. FRIEDMANN, P. S. FRIEDMANN Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CELIA MOSS, CELIA MOSS Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JUDY M. SIMPSON JUDY M. SIMPSON Department of Medical Statistics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue 6, 1 December 1986, Pages 663–668, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb06646.x Published: 01 December 1986 Article history Accepted: 14 May 1986 Published: 01 December 1986
Chronic Sildenafil Improves Erectile Function and Endothelium-dependent Cavernosal Relaxations in Rats: Lack of Tachyphylaxis
Authors: D BEHRROUSSEL, D GORNY, K MEVEL, S CAISEY, J BERNABE, G BURGESS, C WAYMAN, L ALEXANDRE, F GIULIANO
Journal: European Urology (2004)
Ended Beginnings: Healing Childbearing Losses
Authors: T. Keith Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1985)

After reading this book, I am convinced that the authors care about people. They render comfort and help to many women who have suffered childbearing losses. However, the authors and I view the process of labor and delivery from alien standpoints. We do not even agree on definitions. The authors say: "We define childbearing loss as not only miscarriage, stillbirth, and infant death (including sudden infant death syndrome), but also infertility, release to adoption, the birth of handicapped children, and abortion. We include as well losses inherent in surgical deliveries, traumatic birth, and the post-partum period" (p xiv). Reading the book, one realizes that their definition of childbearing losses includes deliveries resulting in perfectly normal healthy children when the labor did not meet the prenatal fantasies of the mother; that is, it could not be conducted without some assistance by medical or nursing personnel. On page 35 the authors say:
Platelet-Inhibiting Drugs in the Prevention of Clinical Thrombotic Disease
Authors: Edward Genton, Michael Gent, Jack Hirsh, Laurence A. Harker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

(Second of Three Parts) Coronary Heart Disease In coronary heart disease, there is evidence that platelets may be involved, both by their incorporation into occlusive thrombi and by embolization of aggregates into the microcirculation.3–5,38 , 39 The conduct of clinical trials in coronary heart disease presents major difficulties, the most important of which relates to the large number of patients required to perform the study in a reasonable time, since the incidence of the end points, myocardial infarction and death, is low. If a primary prevention study were performed on randomly selected middle-aged subjects without evidence of overt coronary-artery disease, and myocardial . . .
The Contribution of the Capabilities Approach to Reconciling Culturally Competent Care and Nondiscrimination
Authors: Suzanne van de Vathorst, Dick Willems, Marie-Louise Essink-Bot
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

Entwistle and Watt (2013) argue that the capabilities approach could offer us a new view on person-centered care. This new view incorporates a requirement for responsiveness to individuals, indepen...
Patient-Reported Outcomes of Patients With Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers Receiving Gemcitabine Plus Capecitabine: A Multicenter, Phase II Trial of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research
Authors: Dieter Koeberle, Piercarlo Saletti, Markus Borner, Daniela Gerber, Daniel Dietrich, Clemens B. Caspar, Walter Mingrone, Kurt Beretta, Florian Strasser, Thomas Ruhstaller, Oreste Mora, Richard Herrmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

To evaluate the effects of palliative chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus capecitabine (GemCap) on patient-reported outcomes measured using clinical benefit response (CBR) and quality-of-life (QOL) measures in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.Patients had to manifest symptoms of advanced biliary tract cancer and have at least one of the following: impaired Karnofsky performance score (60 to 80), average analgesic consumption >or= 10 mg of morphine equivalents per day, and average pain intensity score of >or= 20 mm out of 100 mm. Treatment consisted of oral capecitabine 650 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 through 14 plus gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) as a 30-minute infusion on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks until progression. The primary end point was the number of patients categorized as having a CBR or stable CBR (SCBR) during the first three treatment cycles.Forty-four patients were enrolled (bile duct cancer, n = 36; gallbladder cancers, n = 8). The main grade 3 or 4 adverse events included hematologic toxicity and fatigue. After three cycles, 36% of patients achieved a CBR, and 34% achieved an SCBR. Over the full course of treatment, 57% of patients achieved a CBR, and 18% achieved an SCBR. Improved QOL was observed in patients with a CBR or SCBR. The objective response rate was 25%. Median time to progression and overall survival times were 7.2 months and 13.2 months, respectively.Chemotherapy with GemCap is well tolerated and effective and leads to a high CBR rate. Patient-reported outcomes are useful for evaluating the effects of palliative chemotherapy in patients with biliary tract cancer.
TREATMENT OF FELONS WITH REFERENCE TO THE PATHOLOGIC ANATOMY AND LOCATION OF INCISIONS
Authors: GEORGE MORRIS DORRANCE
Journal: JAMA (1913)

A felon is primarily an inflammation of the connective-tissue space which is situated on the palmar surface of the last phalanx of the fingers (Fig. 2).  This definition was determined on after studying the anatomy of this part and making careful dissections of several felons. The anatomy of the anterior or palmar surface of the last phalanx is exceedingly interesting. In studies of the longitudinal and cross-sections, one will note a connective-tissue space situated anteriorly to the bone. The space is surrounded by a dense wall of connective tissue which prevents the escape of any substance injected into it. To demonstrate this space or cavity, I have injected it with wax. The specimen was then frozen and a longitudinal section made showing the space to be greatly distended and completely walled off from the remaining subcutaneous tissue of the rest of the finger (Fig. 2).  It has been noted by
Lipoprotein Metabolism during Acute Inhibition of Hepatic Triglyceride Lipase in the Cynomolgus Monkey
Authors: Ira J. Goldberg, Ngoc-Anh Le, James R. Paterniti, Henry N. Ginsberg, Frank T. Lindgren, W. Virgil Brown
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

The role of the enzyme hepatic triglyceride lipase was investigated in a primate model, the cynomolgus monkey. Antisera produced against human postheparin hepatic lipase fully inhibited cynomolgus monkey posttheparin plasma hepatic triglyceride lipase activity. Lipoprotein lipase activity was not inhibited by this antisera. Hepatic triglyceride lipase activity in liver biopsies was decreased by 65-90% after intravenous infusion of this antisera into the cynomolgus monkey. After a 3-h infusion of the antisera, analytic ultracentrifugation revealed an increase in mass of very low density lipoproteins (S(f) 20-400). Very low density lipoprotein triglyceride isolated by isopycnic ultracentrifugation increased by 60-300%. Analytic ultracentrifugation revealed an increase in mass of lipoproteins with flotation greater than S(f) 9 (n = 4). The total mass of intermediate density lipoproteins (S(f) 12-20) approximately doubled during the 3 h of in vivo enzyme inhibition. While more rapidly floating low density lipoproteins (S(f) 9-12) increased, the total mass of low density lipoproteins decreased after infusion of the antibodies. The changes in high density lipoproteins did not differ from those in control experiments. In order to determine whether the increases of plasma concentrations of very low density lipoproteins were due to an increase in the rate of synthesis or a decrease in the rate of clearance of these particles, the metabolism of radiolabeled homologous very low density lipoproteins was studied during intravenous infusion of immunoglobulin G prepared from the antisera against hepatic triglyceride lipase (n = 3) or preimmune goat sera (n = 3). Studies performed in the same animals during saline infusion were used as controls for each immunoglobulin infusion. There was a twofold increase in the apparent half-life of the very low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein-B tracer in animals receiving the antibody, consistent with a decreased catabolism of very low density lipoproteins. Concomitantly, the rise in low density lipoprotein apoprotein-B specific activity was markedly delayed. None of these changes were observed during infusion of preimmune immunoglobulin G.Hepatic triglyceride lipase participates with lipoprotein lipase in the hydrolysis of the lipid in very low density lipoproteins, intermediate density lipoproteins, and the larger low density lipoproteins (S(f) 9-12). Thus, hepatic triglyceride lipase appears to function in a parallel role with lipoprotein lipase in the conversion of very low density and intermediate density lipoproteins to low density lipoproteins (S(f) 0-9).