tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Palliative Therapy of Advanced Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Richard J. Reitemeier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Palliative Therapy of Advanced Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma.Richard J. Reitemeier, M.D., F.A.C.P., Charles G. Moertel, M.D., F.A.C.P., Richard G. Hahn, M.D.Richard J. Reitemeier, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Charles G. Moertel, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Richard G. Hahn, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1081_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn excess of 500 patients with far-advanced adenocarcinoma of gastrointestinal tract origin have received palliative treatment with one or more chemotherapeutic agents. Nine separate protocols have been used with objective remissions determined by significant decrease in size of measurable lesions known to contain carcinoma. The following remission rate occurred:Fluorinated pyrimidine therapy:5-FU study of slow versus rapid administration: rapid, 9/45 (20%), slow, 5/45 (11%); 5-FU versus 5-FUDR study: 5-FU, 10/84 (12%), 5-FUDR, 19/84 (23%); oxylone-5-FU study (data as of October, 1964. Additional cases will be reported in March, 1965.) oxylone alone, 3/26 (12%); 5-FU alone, 3/32 (9%), oxylone and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, Minnesota PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1081-1081KeywordsAdenocarcinomaChemotherapeutic agentsGastrointestinal tractLesionsPalliative care Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Non-cryptosporidial diarrhoea in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients.
Authors: G M Connolly, D Shanson, D A Hawkins, J N Webster, B G Gazzard
Journal: Gut (1989)

Thirty of 81 consecutive HIV antibody positive patients referred with non-cryptosporidial diarrhoea had no potential infectious cause; most had AIDS related complex rather than the full blown syndrome. Opportunistic infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV), mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI), and herpes simplex virus (HSV), which allowed a diagnosis of AIDS to be made, were found in 19 patients and were the presenting features of AIDS in five. Other potential pathogenic species included entamoeba, giardia, campylobacter, and salmonella (without septicaemia). Cytomegalovirus infection was often accompanied by abdominal pain. Severe weight loss (greater than 10 kg) at presentation was found in patients with CMV infection and MAI. Bloody diarrhoea was confined to the group with HSV procitis. Malignant causes of diarrhoea were rare. Two patients developed a squamous carcinoma of the anorectal margin and one a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In only two of 12 patients who had Kaposi's sarcoma was this considered as a cause of diarrhoea. Rigid sigmoidoscopy showed macroscopic abnormalities in over a third (32) of the 81 patients with non-cryptosporidial diarrhoea. Most commonly this was severe inflammation (17) or discrete ulceration (four) [three of whom had CMV colitis]. Kaposi's sarcoma was identified in 11 patients. Non-specific inflammation was seen histologically in 40 of the 60 patients with no sigmoidoscopic inflammatory changes. Barium enema only revealed an abnormality in a minority of the patients and a colonoscopy only revealed information additional to rigid sigmoidoscopy in two patients--one with CMV ulcers in the transverse colon and the other with evidence of Kaposi's sarcoma not seen in the rectum. Ten patients had a rectal biopsy examined by electron microscopy as no infective cause of diarrhoea was uncovered. In four of these microtubular structures which are commonly seen in viral infections were found and two had prelymphomatous changes and in one of these frank lymphoma has developed. We recommend multiple stool analysis, sigmoidoscopy and rectal biopsy as the initial investigations in these patients reserving tests of malabsorption, colonoscopy, and barium enema for the small number of more difficult cases.
SPONTANEOUS UMBILICAL HÆMORRHAGE IN NEWLY-BORN INFANTS.Read before the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, February 4, 1891.
Authors: J. WESLEY BOVEE
Journal: JAMA (1891)

The subject of hæmorrhage from the umbilicus and umbilical cord of infants during the first few days after birth has received very little attention from the profession. And I am led to think this condition has not received the amount of consideration it deserves. It is fortunately of infrequent occurrence, and having seen four cases, I have ventured to prepare this paper upon that subject. Any malady having a mortality rate of 76 per cent., occurring ever so seldom, should command more earnest attention from the medical profession than is shown by the literature upon this grave condition of the newly-born. It should not be cast aside with but superficial consideration; it should be carefully studied. In this paper I have considered only the variety of omphalorrhagia in which there are usually manifestations of a general condition. The seventeenth century brought us the first allusion to this subject, since which
Analysis of TNFR2-mediated functions on osteoclast precursor cells
Authors: S. Bluml, N. Binder, B. Niederreiter, G. Superti-Furga, J. Smolen, K. Redlich
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

The role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in the induction and maintenance of human rheumatoid arthritis is well established. However, the role of its two receptors, especially of TNFR2, is not sufficiently understood. The authors have previously demonstrated that lack of TNFR2 on haematopoietic cells leads to increased osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in …
Evidence Needs to Be Translated, Whether or Not It Is Complete
Authors: Penny A. Dacks, David A. Bennett, Howard M. Fillit
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Effects of Propranolol on Azygos Venous Blood Flow and Hepatic and Systemic Hemodynamics in Cirrhosis
Authors: Jaime Bosch, Ricardo Masti, David Kravetz, Jordi Bruix, Joan Gaya, Joaquin Rigau, Joan Rodes
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

The effects of propranolol on blood flow through gastroesophageal collaterals and on systemic and hepatic hemodynamies were investigated in 23 cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. Gastroesophageal collateral blood flow was evaluated by the measurement of azygos venous blood flow by continuous thermal dilution. Azygos venous blood flow was markedly increased in these patients (544 ± 48 ml per min, as compared with 132 ± 18 ml per min in subjects without portal hypertension (p &lt; 0.001). Propranolol at doses achieving effective β-blockage (83 ± 5 mg) (mean ± S.E.M.) markedly reduced azygos venous blood flow (to 354 ± 34 ml per min, p &lt; 0.001). Reduction of azygos venous blood flow (-34.2 ± 3.6%) was significantly greater (p &lt; 0.01) than reductions in cardiac output (-22.6 ± 1.9%), hepatic venous pressure gradient (-11.5 ± 2.4%) and hepatic blood flow (-13.4 ± 7.4%). The hemodynamic effects of propranolol were not related to plasma norepinephrine levels. Reduction of gastroesophageal collateral blood flow may be the mechanism by which oral propranolol therapy reduces the risk of repeated episodes of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.
Myocardial Gene Transfer for Patients With Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Ted J. Kaptchuk
Journal: Circulation (1999)

To the Editor:The report by Losordo et al 1 concerning myocardial gene transfer for patients with myocardial ischemia is promising.However, I believe their report merely demonstrates safety and does not provide substantial "evidence for a favorable clinical effect of direct myocardial injection of naked plasmid DNA encoding for VEGF [vascular endothelial growth factor]." 1 The clinical outcomes are equally compatible with placebo effects that result from surgical procedures.Excitement often accompanies new cutting-edge scientific advances.This enthusiasm seems to be especially communicated through innovative surgical procedures. 2 Cardiovascular disease seems especially susceptible. 3The results reported in this phase 1 clinical study do not exceed outcomes reported from the 2 late-1950s randomized controlled trials comparing internal mammary artery ligation with sham operation. 4,5In these trials, subjective improvement was dramatic, especially in the sham procedure, and objective evidence, although more primitive by today's standards, was substantial.
Synovial fibroblasts spread rheumatoid arthritis to unaffected joints
Authors: Stephanie Lefèvre, Anette Knedla, Christoph Tennie, Andreas Kampmann, Christina Wunrau, Robert Dinser, Adelheid Korb, Eva-Maria Schnäker, Ingo H Tarner, Paul D Robbins, Christopher H Evans, Henning Stürz, Jürgen Steinmeyer, Steffen Gay, Jürgen Schölmerich, Thomas Pap, Ulf Müller-Ladner, Elena Neumann
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
Heterogeneous β <sub>2</sub> -Adrenoceptor Expression and Dilation in Coronary Arterioles Across the Left Ventricular Wall
Authors: Travis W. Hein, Cuihua Zhang, Wei Wang, Lih Kuo
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Previous in vivo studies have shown that beta-adrenoceptor agonists cause a redistribution of coronary flow away from the subendocardium; however, the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. We tested the hypothesis that a heterogeneous distribution of beta-adrenoceptors and their vasomotor responses exists in the coronary microcirculation across the left ventricular wall.Porcine subepicardial and subendocardial arterioles (<100 microm) were isolated from the left ventricle and pressurized for in vitro study of vasodilation to the nonselective beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol and the selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist procaterol. Both vessel types developed a similar level of basal tone and dilated to isoproterenol and procaterol. However, subepicardial arterioles exhibited a much higher sensitivity and greater dilation capacity to both agonists. The isoproterenol-induced vasodilations were inhibited by glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel blocker. In contrast to isoproterenol, dilations of subepicardial and subendocardial arterioles to pinacidil, a K(ATP) channel opener, were similar. In both vessel types, isoproterenol-induced dilation was inhibited by the beta2-adrenoceptor blocker ICI-118,551 but was insensitive to the beta1-adrenoceptor blocker atenolol. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical data revealed that beta2-adrenoceptor mRNA and protein expression, respectively, were markedly greater in subepicardial arterioles.This study demonstrates that selective activation of beta2-adrenoceptors elicits dilation of both subepicardial and subendocardial arterioles through opening of K(ATP) channels. The higher beta2-adrenoceptor expression in subepicardial arterioles may contribute to the greater dilation of these vessels to beta2-adrenoceptor activation.
Reptilase time in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: P J Johnson, Y White, I L Woolf, R Williams
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Four days later, at the age of 15 weeks, he was reanaesthetised, and the bronchoscopic findings confirmed.An uncut, 3 5-mm Portex nasotracheal tube was passed, and as ventilation was easy he was given alcuronium and intermittent positive pressure ventilation with nitrous oxide and oxygen.The trachea was exposed via a right thoracotomy, and then incised vertically.Ventilation then being impossible, the surgeon tried unsuccessfully to pull the endotracheal tube down the trachea and push it into the left main bronchus.Instead, he wedged a 12FG Warne tube into the open end of the left bronchus; connected a sterile, Jackson-Rees modified Ayres T-piece circuit to the tube; and passed the other end of the circuit to the anaesthetist.One-lung anaesthesia was continued without difficulty until the trachea was repaired after complete excision of the tumour.At the end of the operation the child was extubated, and made an uneventful recovery.The solid tumour was confirmed to arise from the carina and to prolapse into the right main bronchus.It measured 6 4 3 mm, the internal diameters of the trachea at his age being roughly 6 7 mm.The histological diagnosis was postintubation granuloma, the alternative diagnosis of preexisting capillary haemangioma being considered unlikely.
Left atrial dimension is associated with atrial fibrillation recurrence: four-year echo follow-up data
Authors: Ratika Seth, Martin S. Green, Charles R. Kerr, Stuart J. Connolly, George J. Klein, Robert S. Sheldon, Mario Talajic, Xiaohua Wang, Paul Dorian, Karin Humphries
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Abstract 1606: Photochemical internalization (PCI): a novel technology for site-specific drug delivery.
Authors: Kristian Berg, Colin Hopper, Anette Weyergang, Pål K. Selbo, Anders Høgset
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The utilization of macromolecules in therapy of cancer and other diseases is becoming increasingly important. Recent advances in molecular biology and biotechnology have made it possible to improve targeting and design of cytotoxic agents, DNA complexes and other macromolecules for clinical applications. To achieve the expected biological effect of these macromolecules in many cases internalisation to the cell cytosol is crucial. At an intracellular level, the most fundamental obstruction for cytosolic delivery of therapeutic macromolecule is the membrane-barrier of the endocytic vesicles. Photochemical internalisation (PCI) is a novel technology for release of endocytosed macromolecules into the cytosol. The technology is based on the use of photosensitizers located in endocytic vesicles that upon activation by light induces rupture of the endocytic vesicles and thereby release of the macromolecules into the cytosol. PCI has been shown to enhance the biological activity of a large variety of macromolecules and other molecules that do not readily penetrate the plasma membrane, including type I ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), gene-encoding plasmids, adenovirus, oligonucleotides and the chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin. For clinical utilization a novel photosensitizer has been developed and evaluated for PCI of bleomycin. Preclinical results with this combination will be presented. Furthermore, a phase I/II dose-escalating clinical trial has been finalized and results from this trial will also be presented. Citation Format: Kristian Berg, Colin Hopper, Anette Weyergang, Pål K. Selbo, Anders Høgset. Photochemical internalization (PCI): a novel technology for site-specific drug delivery. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1606. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1606
Pili annulati: refinement of the locus on chromosome 12q24.33 to a 2·9-Mb interval and candidate gene analysis
Authors: K.A. Giehl, M.A. Rogers, M. Radivojkov, A. Tosti, D.A.R. de Berker, G. Weinlich, M. Schmuth, T. Ruzicka, G.N. Eckstein
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Background Pili annulati is an autosomal dominant hair shaft disorder characterized by alternating light and dark bands in hairs of affected individuals. Recently, a locus for pili annulati was mapped to chromosome 12q24.32–24.33 and recombination events defined a critical region of 9·2 cM (3·9 Mb). Objectives The aim of the current study was to narrow the size of the candidate region and to identify the pathogenic mutation for pili annulati by analysing the candidate genes. Methods In three families with 90 individuals, including 40 affected subjects, linkage analysis was performed with 13 microsatellite markers in the candidate region on chromosome 12. Candidate genes were analysed for their expression in hair follicles and other tissues by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and mutation analysis. Results Multipoint LOD score analysis for all three families confirmed the locus on the long arm of chromosome 12 with a maximum LOD score of 12·26 at marker D12S357. In two families, recombinations were identified which narrowed the region to 2·9 Mb containing 36 genes. We analysed the candidate genes in this region by RT‐PCR and found that 24 were expressed in human hair follicles. Based on the result of the expression analysis, DNA sequencing of the coding region of the candidate genes was performed; this did not result in the discovery of a causal mutation. Conclusion We reduced the critical interval of pili annulati to 2·9 Mb and excluded mutations in the coding region of all 36 possible candidate genes by sequence analysis.
VIRUS NEUTRALIZATION EXPERIMENTS WITH ROSENOW'S AND PETTIT'S ANTIPOLIOMYELITIC SERA
Authors: Fred W. Stewart, Peter Haselbauer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

1. The Rosenow antistreptococcic poliomyelitis serum concentrated or unconcentrated does not neutralize the virus of poliomyelitis as tested in monkeys. 2. The Pettit antipoliomyelitis horse serum neutralizes the virus only occasionally. 3. "Immune" sheep sera prepared according to the method of Pettit have not neutralized virus even when the normal sera of the same animal have given neutralization. 4. The reason for such chance neutralizations is obscure and should not be confused with the constant virus-neutralizing action of both human and monkey convalescent sera. 5. Experimental evidence affords no basis for the use of either the Rosenow or the Pettit serum in the therapy of poliomyelitis.
Up-regulation in the kidney and its genetic polymorphism of MUC20, a regulator of Met signaling cascade, in patients with IgA nephropathy
Authors: Ichiei Narita, Bassam Alchi, Fuminori Sato, Daisuke Saga, Asa Ogawa, Yutaka Tsubata, Daisuke Kondo, Minoru Sakatsume, Tadashi Yamamoto, Fumitake Gejyo
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Prognosis for Patients with Ventricular Septal Defect and Severe Pulmonary Vascular Obstructive Disease
Authors: PATRICIA M. CLARKSON, ROBERT L. FRYE, JAMES W. DUSHANE, HOWARD B. BURCHELL, EARL H. WOOD, WILLIAM H. WEIDMAN
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The status of 58 patients, 3 to 57 years of age, with ventricular septal defect and a marked increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (pulmonary obstructive disease) was determined 5 years or longer after diagnostic catheterization. Forty-six (80%) were alive 5 years after that study. The probability of living 5 years was 95% for patients aged 10 through 19 years and 56% for those 20 years of age or older. The dissimilarity of actuarial curves between these two groups is consistent with the hypothesis that pulmonary vascular obstructive disease develops under age 20. Calculated pulmonary resistance increased with age of patient on admission to the study, suggesting its progressive nature. Hemoptysis was rare under age 20, and its presence over this age indicated a poor prognosis. The most common causes of death were "sudden" or "unknown." Most surviving patients were gainfully employed or attending school without severe symptoms.
Social Psychology and Medicine
Authors: Chris Meuli
Journal: JAMA (1983)

We are gradually realizing that the quality of medicine and health care provision relies on much more than the promising technological advances of the past several decades. We have come to see that the provision of medical care is intimately related to behavioral medicine, clinical psychology, psychosomatic medicine, interpersonal communications, social anthropology, and sociology. This book is the first integrated introduction and comprehensive overview of these various interrelated fields and medicine. The two authors, both of whom teach in the psychology department at the University of California at Riverside, state in the preface that their emphasis is very clearly on the influences of people on health care, health, and illness.  The book begins by introducing the scope of social psychology and its importance in the art of medicine. It includes the study of the sociocultural context of the patient's behavior, the impact of the verbal and nonverbal communication of the
Medical Students' Attitudes Toward Physician-Assisted Suicide
Authors: Richard S. Mangus, Albert Dipiero, Claire E. Hawkins
Journal: JAMA (1999)

In November 1994, Oregon became the first US state to legalize physician-assisted suicide (PAS) as an option for end-of-life care.This study compares the attitudes and experiences of medical students in Oregon regarding PAS to those of fourth-year medical students in the United States outside Oregon.A survey of all students at the Oregon Health Sciences University and fourth-year medical students at 3 non-Oregonian US medical schools.Oregon medical students returned 227 questionnaires (58%), and 113 were returned from control schools (33%).A similar percentage of both study groups favored the legalization of PAS (64% vs 66%; P = .74). If the practice were legal, 55% of the total surveyed reported they "might be willing to write a lethal prescription," (50% Oregon students vs 60% control; P = .13 and 44% fourth-year Oregon students vs 60% control; P = .04). Among fourth-year students, 20% reported a request by a patient to the student or a preceptor for a lethal prescription in the past year (26% vs 16%; P = .09).This study demonstrates support for and willingness by many medical students to participate in PAS. Some medical students reported observation of PAS during their training experience. Fourth-year Oregon students reported significantly less willingness than other students to provide a patient with a lethal prescription, perhaps indicating hesitancy to include PAS in clinical practice.
PHYSICIANS AND PROPRIETARY MEDICINES.
Authors: HENRY P. LOOMIS
Journal: JAMA (1905)

recorded wherever possible.The systematic study of a satis- factory series of cases would enable physicians to know more clearly the line of demarcation between Landry's paralysis and multiple neuritis.It is, of course, absurd to suppose that cases of this character should conform to any conventional type.There will be considerable variations, but there are three points which Dr. McGregor believes are fairly constant and which serve as guides in the diagnosis of any form of Landry's paralysis: 1, The toxic element as a causative fac- tor; 2, the implication of the motor elements of the spinal cord; 3, rapidly ascending paralysis and, in rare cases, descend- ing in character-a paralysis which is flaccid and purely motor and in which the electric irritability of the muscles is little, if at all, changed.Dr. David Wolfstein said that a diagnosis of Landry's paralysis should not be made simply because of the severity of the symptoms.He declared that it is unfortunate that the