tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SERIAL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING FOR THE EVALUATION OF AORTOCORONARY SAPHENOUS VEIN GRAFT DISEASE. INSIGHTS FROM THE CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION FOR BYPASS GRAFT PATENCY RATE OPTIMIZATION (CABG-PRO) STUDY
Authors: Anna Kotsia, Tesfaldet Michael, Bavana Rangan, Aristotelis Papayannis, Michael DiMaio, Mathias Peltz, Michele Roesle, Michael Jessen, Bernice Willis, Georgios Christopoulos, Jeffrey Hastings, Jerrold Grodin, Shuaib Abdullah, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Acyclovir given as prophylaxis against oral ulcers in acute myeloid leukaemia: randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial
Authors: O. J Bergmann, S. Ellermann-Eriksen, S. C Mogensen, J. Ellegaard
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To evaluate (a) the prophylactic effect of the antiherpetic drug acyclovir on oral ulcers in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia receiving remission induction chemotherapy and thus (b), indirectly, the role of herpes simplex virus in the aetiology of these ulcers. <b>Design</b>: Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. <b>Subjects</b>: 74 herpes simplex virus seropositive patients aged 18-84. Thirty seven patients received acyclovir (800 mg by mouth daily) and 37 placebo. The patients were examined daily for 28 days. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Occurrence of herpes labialis, intraoral ulcers, and acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis. <b>Results</b>: The two populations were comparable in age, sex, type of antineoplastic treatment, and history of herpes labialis. Acute oral infections occurred in 25 of the acyclovir treated patients and 36 of the placebo treated patients (relative risk 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.87)). This difference was due to a reduction in the incidence of herpes labialis (one case versus eight cases; relative risk 0.13 (0.02 to 0.95)), intraoral ulcers excluding the soft palate (one case versus 13 cases; relative risk 0.08 (0.01 to 0.56)), and acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (one case versus eight cases; relative risk 0.13 (0.02 to 0.95)). However, ulcers on the soft palate were diagnosed with similar frequency in the two groups. Isolation of herpes simplex virus type 1 in saliva was reduced from 15 cases in the placebo group to one case in the acyclovir group (relative risk 0.07 (0.01 to 0.48)). <b>Conclusion</b>: Intraoral ulcers excluding the soft palate are most often due to infection with herpes simplex virus, whereas ulcers on the soft palate have a non-herpetic aetiology. The findings suggest that acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis may also be due to herpes simplex virus. Prophylaxis with acyclovir should be considered for patients with acute myeloid leukaemia during remission induction therapy. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages Oral ulcers were found in more than half of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia during remission induction therapy The incidence of herpes labialis, intraoral ulcers outside the soft palate, and acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis was greatly reduced by prophylaxis with oral acyclovir (800 mg by mouth daily) during remission induction therapy Intraoral ulcers on the soft palate were not associated with herpes virus infection
Intimal hyperplasia thickness is independent of stent size: a serial intravescular ultrasound study
Authors: R. Hoffman, G.S. Mintz, R. Mehran, K.M. Kent, A.D. Pichard, L.F. Satier, C.L. Walsh, J.J. Popma, M.B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Malignant Transformation of Retroperitoneal Inflammatory Pseudotumor to Undifferentiated High-Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Linh Ho, Sindu Sheth, Heidi Wassef, Robert Henderson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We report FDG PET/CT appearance of malignant transformation of retroperitoneal inflammatory pseudotumor to pleomorphic sarcoma in a 78-year-old woman. The patient was diagnosed with left retroperitoneal pseudotumor in 2007. She subsequently suffered from recurrent disease and chronic osteomyelitis in the L5 vertebral body in July 2008, status post surgical excision. In November 2009, after the patient developed left groin pain, MRI study of lumbosacral spine and whole-body PET/CT study demonstrated 2 hypermetabolic soft-tissue masses originating from the L5 surgical bed. These masses were subsequently resected and were consistent with pleomorphic sarcoma. Malignant transformation of retroperitoneal pseudotumor to pleomorphic sarcoma is extremely rare.
α <sub>4</sub> β <sub>1</sub> Integrin Mediates Selective Endothelial Cell Responses to Thrombospondins 1 and 2 In Vitro and Modulates Angiogenesis In Vivo
Authors: Maria J. Calzada, Longen Zhou, John M. Sipes, Jane Zhang, Henry C. Krutzsch, M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe, Douglas S. Annis, Deane F. Mosher, David D. Roberts
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

We examined the function of α 4 β 1 integrin in angiogenesis and in mediating endothelial cell responses to the angiogenesis modulators, thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2. α 4 β 1 supports adhesion of venous endothelial cells but not of microvascular endothelial cells on immobilized thrombospondin-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, or recombinant N-terminal regions of thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2. Chemotactic activities of this region of thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2 are also mediated by α 4 β 1 , whereas antagonism of fibroblast growth factor-2–stimulated chemotaxis is not mediated by this region. Immobilized N-terminal regions of thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2 promote endothelial cell survival and proliferation in an α 4 β 1 -dependent manner. Soluble α 4 β 1 antagonists inhibit angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane and neovascularization of mouse muscle explants. The latter inhibition is thrombospondin-1–dependent and not observed in explants from thrombospondin-1 −/− mice. Antagonizing α 4 β 1 may in part block proangiogenic activities of thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2, because N-terminal regions of thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2 containing the α 4 β 1 binding sequence stimulate angiogenesis in vivo. Therefore, α 4 β 1 is an important endothelial cell receptor for mediating motility and proliferative responses to thrombospondins and for modulation of angiogenesis.
Aberrant Expression of proPTPRN2 in Cancer Cells Confers Resistance to Apoptosis
Authors: Alexey V. Sorokin, Binoj C. Nair, Yongkun Wei, Kathryn E. Aziz, Valentina Evdokimova, Mien-Chie Hung, Junjie Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

The protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor PTPRN2 is expressed predominantly in endocrine and neuronal cells, where it functions in exocytosis. We found that its immature isoform proPTPRN2 is overexpressed in various cancers, including breast cancer. High proPTPRN2 expression was associated strongly with lymph node-positive breast cancer and poor clinical outcome. Loss of proPTPRN2 in breast cancer cells promoted apoptosis and blocked tumor formation in mice, whereas enforced expression of proPTPRN2 in nontransformed human mammary epithelial cells exerted a converse effect. Mechanistic investigations suggested that ProPTPRN2 elicited these effects through direct interaction with TRAF2, a hub scaffold protein for multiple kinase cascades, including ones that activate NF-κB. Overall, our results suggest PTPRN2 as a novel candidate biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Social mobility and health: cause or effect?
Authors: E. Dahl
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Social mobility and health: cause or effect?More likely that adverse social circumstances cause ill health than the other way around Since the publication of the Black report in 1980,' health researchers throughout the industrialised world have given extensive attention to the issue of inequalities in health.Health inequalities are large, widespread, and remarkably persistent.Different socioeconomic indicators give roughly the same picture, showing inequalities with a variety of health measures' i both sexes and at all ages, with adolescence as a possible exception.'The consistent and robust links between socioeconomic status and health suggest that scientists of dif- ferent disciplines have a lot to explain.Much discussion has been devoted to the relative
APPROVAL OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH BY WOMEN'S CLUBS AND BY THE BLUE CROSS
Authors: William Pepper
Journal: JAMA (1922)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It is most encouraging that the cause of experimental research is enlisting the sympathy and the aid of the intelligent women of the country. Thus, the women of California have testified to their belief that medical research is not carried on with cruelty; the women of New York City have reechoed this sentiment; and recently the Massachusetts State Federation of Women's Clubs passed the following resolution: Whereas, It is impossible to estimate the number of persons alive today who owe their existence to the application of methods, preventive or remedial, made possible through scientific experimentation on animals; therefore, be it <i>Resolved</i>, That the Massachusetts State Federation of Women's Clubs, assembled in Boston, on December 15, 1921, in gratitude to medical science for past discoveries beneficial, both to humanity and to animals, go on record as favoring the continuance of medical research through animal experimentation. It is also
Spurious Inferences about Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Theodore J. Iwashyna, Giora Netzer, Kenneth M. Langa, Christine Cigolle
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Survivors of critical illness suffer significant limitations and disabilities.Ascertain whether severe sepsis is associated with increased risk of so-called geriatric conditions (injurious falls, low body mass index [BMI], incontinence, vision loss, hearing loss, and chronic pain) and whether this association is measured consistently across three different study designs.Patients with severe sepsis were identified in the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative cohort interviewed every 2 years, 1998 to 2006, and in linked Medicare claims. Three comparators were used to assess an association of severe sepsis with geriatric conditions in survivors: the prevalence in the United States population aged 65 years and older, survivors' own pre-sepsis levels assessed before hospitalization, or survivors' own pre-sepsis trajectory.Six hundred twenty-three severe sepsis hospitalizations were followed a median of 0.92 years. When compared with the 65 years and older population, surviving severe sepsis was associated with increased rates of low BMI, injurious falls, incontinence, and vision loss. Results were similar when comparing survivors to their own pre-sepsis levels. The association of low BMI and severe sepsis persisted when controlling for patients' pre-sepsis trajectories, but there was no association of severe sepsis with injurious falls, incontinence, vision loss, hearing loss, and chronic pain after such controls.Geriatric conditions are common after severe sepsis. However, severe sepsis is associated with increased rates of only a subset of geriatric conditions, not all. In studying outcomes after acute illness, failing to measure and control for both preillness levels and trajectories may result in erroneous conclusions.
Coronary Events After Arterial Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: A. Legendre, J. Losay, A. Touchot-Koné, A. Serraf, E. Belli, J. D. Piot, V. Lambert, A. Capderou, C. Planche
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Transfer of the coronary arteries is a crucial step during the arterial switch operation (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries. This retrospective study aims to assess the incidence and risk factors of coronary events after ASO and sensitivity of noninvasive tests in the diagnosis of the coronary obstruction.Between 1982 and 2001, 1304 newborn and infants had an ASO and the 1 198 hospital survivors had a 59-month mean follow-up. Coronary events occurred in 94 patients (7.2%; 95% CI, 6 to 9). Survival without coronary events were 92.7, 91, and 88.2% at 1, 10, and 15 years, respectively. The incidence was bimodal: high early and slow later. Multivariate analysis showed correlation with type B or C coronary pattern and major operative events (P<0.0001 and P=0.0024). In a subset of 324 patients who underwent a coronary artery angiography, lesions were observed in 22 patients (6.8%; 95% CI, 5 to 10). Multivariate analysis showed correlation with only type B or C coronary pattern (OR=20.8, P=0.0002). All of these patients had electrocardiogram and echocardiogram, 174 patients also had a treadmill test, and 115 patients had a myocardial scintigraphy. The association of these tests had the highest diagnosis sensitivity, 75%.After ASO, coronary events are not rare, occurring most often early and are an important cause of death. Coronary repair can be needed lately. Noninvasive tests are not sensitive enough to detect significant delayed coronary artery stenosis and coronary artery angiography should be performed.
FRI0295 Syndesmophytes are associated with higher bone turnover in ankylosing spondylitis patients with active disease
Authors: S. Arends, E. van der Veer, P. M. Houtman, M. K. Leijsma, C. G. M. Kallenberg, E. Brouwer, A. Spoorenberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Bone formation and bone loss are both present in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). New bone formation can lead to the formation of syndesmophytes, ankylosis of the spine and sacroiliac joints, and bone formations on enthesal sites. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the relation between the presence of syndesmophytes and bone turnover markers (BTM) in AS patients with active disease. <h3>Methods</h3> 55 consecutive outpatients with AS based on the modified New York criteria (n=54) or the ASAS criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (n=1) and active disease defined by Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) ≥4 (range 0-10) or based on expert opinion were included. Patients with recent fractures, use of bisphosphonates, and/or inflammatory bowel disease were excluded. The lateral view of radiographs of the cervical and lumbar spine were blinded and scored for the presence of syndesmophytes at the anterior corners of the vertebrae by two independent observers. In case of discrepancy between the two observers, there was a consensus meeting afterwards. Markers of bone formation procollagen type 1 N-terminal peptide (PINP) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and marker of bone resorption serum collagen-telopeptide (sCTX) were measured. Z-scores of BTM were calculated using matched 10-years-cohorts of a Dutch reference group (200 men or 350 women) to correct for the normal influence that age and gender have on bone turnover. <h3>Results</h3> Mean age of the 55 AS patients was 40.4 years (SD ± 11.2), median duration of symptoms was 15 years (range 3-46), median time since diagnosis was 5 years (range 0-27), mean BASDAI was 6.1 (SD ± 1.8), and 58% were male. Syndesmophytes were present in 33 of the 55 (60%) patients. Patients with syndesmophytes had significantly higher levels of PINP (median Z-score: 0.41 vs. -0.17, p=0.005) and sCTX (median Z-score: -0.02 vs. -0.58, p=0.025) than patients without syndesmophytes. No significant differences were found in BALP (median Z-score: 1.56 vs. 0.67, p=0.213) and BASDAI (mean: 6.2 vs. 5.9, p=0.581) between patients with and without syndesmophytes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This cross-sectional analysis in AS patients with active disease shows that markers of both bone formation (PINP) and bone resorption (sCTX) are significantly higher in patients with syndesmophytes compared to patients without syndesmophytes. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether BTM can serve as potential biomarkers for radiographic damage in AS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Recurrence of Pressure Ulcers in Paraplegic Patients
Authors: James H. Salmon
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> This letter refers to the article entitled "Recurrence of Pressure Ulcers: A Study of Five Cases," by Dr J. Elizabeth Morgan (236:2430, 1976). On the basis of my seven years' experience on a Veterans Administration Hospital neurosurgical service, I believe that the recurrence of pressure ulcers in a paraplegic patient represents a suicide attempt. Management of this aspect of the patient's illness may be more effective than frequent examination of the skin by a surgeon. Or, it may not be.
The anguish of teenage mental illness
Authors: A. Clark, A. Bhatt, A. Gilchrist
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editor—As the consultants responsible for the inpatient adolescent psychiatry unit featured in the Channel 4 documentary The Madness of Children we share the concerns expressed by Pearce about the programme's stigmatising title, its muddling of “extensions of normal behaviours and feelings” with specific mental illnesses, and its overemphasis on the use of drugs without reference to specific indications or accompanying psychotherapeutic interventions.1

Allowing the media to portray medical practice is fraught with difficulties. A large amount …
Treg Cells Expressing the Coinhibitory Molecule TIGIT Selectively Inhibit Proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 Cell Responses
Authors: Nicole Joller, Ester Lozano, Patrick R. Burkett, Bonny Patel, Sheng Xiao, Chen Zhu, Junrong Xia, Tze G. Tan, Esen Sefik, Vijay Yajnik, Arlene H. Sharpe, Francisco J. Quintana, Diane Mathis, Christophe Benoist, David A. Hafler, Vijay K. Kuchroo
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Livedo Reticularis and Cold Agglutinins
Authors: Teresa Kauke, Armin J Reininger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A previously healthy 56-year-old woman had spontaneous eruption of a lacy, net-like erythema of her entire skin, which was especially pronounced on her arms and legs (Panel A). The erythema of her lower arms disappeared within 2 minutes after immersion into a water bath at exactly 37°C. Her blood clumped immediately after being drawn and placed in a Petri dish (Panel B). Microscopical examination showed large red-cell agglutinates (Panel C). Results on electrocardiography, echocardiography, radiography, and skin biopsy (Panel A, arrow) were normal, as were the differential blood count and kidney function. There was no evidence of vasculitis or the . . .
EU sets standards for safe blood products
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

up as not-for-profit, public interest organisations, outside Whitehall control but part of the NHS and held to account by locally elected boards.They will operate under a licence granted by an independent regulator that will require them to meet national clinical standards and duties of partnership. Matthew Limb LondonEU sets standards for safe blood products 61, 217, 116, 170
Acute injuries in cyclists participated in 3rd International Presidency Iran Cycling Tour
Authors: Sajjad Bagherian, Nader Rahnama
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The increasing participation in the athletic forms of bicycling warrants expanded physician attention to the traumatic and overuse injuries experienced by cyclists. The aim of this study was to describe injuries in cyclists participated at the 3rd International Presidency Iran Cycling Tour (Iran–Tehran 10–15 May 2010). All injuries occurring over a 5-day period at this tournament were documented for analysis. Altogether, 93 cyclists from 19 teams (14 foreign countries and 5 local teams) participated in this tournament. Seventeen out of 93 cyclists were injured in this event. In total, 71 injuries occurred. Abrasions (80%), contusions (16%) and fractures (4%) were the most common injuries in cyclists. Shoulder and clavicle (18%), pelvis (17%), elbow (15%), femur (13%) and knee (13%) represented the most common sites of injury (p&lt;0.05). Collision with another cyclist (49%) accounted as a main cause of injury followed by collision with obstacles in the road (30%), slippery road (13%) and sudden twist in front of another cyclists (8%) (p&lt;0.05). Rate of injury during the escape period (intense race with high speed) (89%) was significantly (p&lt;0.05) more than less intense period (11%). Number of minor injuries (96%) was significantly higher than that of severe injuries (p&lt;0.05). More injuries occurred in the initial period of the race (68%) than mid and end of the race (p&lt;0.05). Injured cyclists lost the results and were not successful in this event. In conclusion, lower extremities had greater number of injury and collision with another rider was the main cause of injury; this information will assist decision makers in designing injury prevention techniques.
Extrachromosomal probes for mutagenesis by carcinogens: studies on the mutagenic activity of O6-methylguanine built into a unique site in a viral genome.
Authors: J M Essigmann, K W Fowler, C L Green, E L Loechler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

This work examines the mutagenic activity of O6-methylguanine (O6MeGua), a DNA adduct formed by certain carcinogenic alkylating agents. A tetranucleotide, 5'-HOTpm6GpCpA-3', was synthesized and ligated into a four-base gap in the unique Pst I site of the duplex genome of the E. coli virus, M13mp8. The double-stranded ligation product was converted to single-stranded form and used to transform E. coli to produce progeny phage. The mutation frequency of O6MeGua was defined as the percentage of progeny phage with mutations in their Pst I site, and this value was determined to be 0.4%. To determine the impact of DNA repair on mutagenesis, cellular levels of O6MeGua-DNA methyltransferase (an O6MeGua-repair protein) were depleted by treatment of host cells for virus replication with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) prior to viral DNA uptake. In these host cells, the mutation frequency due to O6MeGua increased markedly with increasing MNNG dose (the highest mutation frequency observed was 20%). DNA sequence analysis of mutant genomes revealed that in both MNNG treated and untreated cells, O6MeGua induced exclusively G to A transitions.
Hypocalcemia Precipitating Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Thomas B. Connor, Barry L. Rosen, Mordecai P. Blaustein, Mark M. Applefeld, L. Austin Doyle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

CALCIUM ions have a key role in the excitation as well as the contraction of cardiac muscle fibers.1 2 3 Calcium also influences the renal excretion of sodium.4 , 5 The importance of sodium retention in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure has been well described.6 It is therefore surprising that clinical evidence of cardiac failure is observed so infrequently in calcium-deficiency states. There are a few reports of hypocalcemic patients, usually children, who acquired cardiomegaly and cardiac failure that appeared to be refractory to therapy until the serum calcium concentration was raised.7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 However, the relation between the level of serum calcium and recovery . . .