tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2871: Tumor-derived CCL2 promotes recruitment of CD11b/Gr1midmyeloid cells to sustain colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
Authors: Su Yin Lim, Lei Zhao, Alex Gordon-Weeks, Thomas Tapmeier, Ruth Muschel
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prominent causes of cancer-related mortality. However, therapeutic options for patients with metastatic CRC are limited and development of new and more effective therapeutics aimed at downstaging the disease and prolonging survival is urgently required. Primary tumor dissemination to secondary sites, predominantly the liver, is a dynamic process dependent on the interactions between tumor cells and the host tissue microenvironment. Immune cells in the tumor microenvironment have been shown to play pivotal roles in the metastatic process but their pro-metastatic functions in CRC liver metastasis remains incompletely understood. To simulate liver metastasis, MC38 colon carcinoma cells were injected into the spleen of C57BL/6 mice. A population of CD11b/Gr1mid cells, distinct from other metastasis-associated myeloid cells previously described, increased dramatically during establishment of liver metastases. Adoptive transfer of bone marrow cells confirmed that these CD11b/Gr1mid cells were derived from bone marrow progenitor cells. MC38 tumor cells expressed high levels of CCL2 and serum levels were elevated in tumor-bearing mice compared to controls. Inhibition of tumor-derived CCL2 using shRNA, and absence of its cognate receptor in CCR2 KO mice significantly diminished CD11b/Gr1mid cell infiltration into tumor-bearing livers. Importantly, inhibition of CD11b/Gr1mid cell recruitment led to a marked reduction in tumor burden. Moreover, when CD11b/Gr1mid cells were depleted in a transgenic CD11b-DTR mouse model, a striking decrease in tumor vessel density was observed, with a concomitant reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Serum CCL2 concentrations were similarly elevated in CRC patients, including those who present metastasis, compared to normal controls. Furthermore, CD11b/CCR2 myeloid cells, analogous to the CD11b/Gr1mid population described in our mouse model, were identified in liver metastases of several CRC patients. Together, our studies demonstrate the importance of a distinct CD11b/Gr1mid myeloid subset in sustaining CRC liver metastasis and implicate a CCL2/CCR2-dependent pathway in their recruitment to metastatic sites. Our findings reinforce how tumor cells utilize host systems for successful propagation and identify a potential target for therapeutic manipulation. Citation Format: Su Yin Lim, Lei Zhao, Alex Gordon-Weeks, Thomas Tapmeier, Ruth Muschel. Tumor-derived CCL2 promotes recruitment of CD11b/Gr1mid myeloid cells to sustain colorectal cancer liver metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2871. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2871
Guanoclor as an antihypertensive drug.
Authors: J. V. Hodge
Journal: BMJ (1966)

movement and account for the relatively low incidence of severe atherosclerosis in the external iliac artery.In the 100 aortograms studied the femoral and popliteal arteries were found to be patent in 56 (Table III).Femoro- popliteal patency in five patients with aortic occlusion could not be demonstrated by aortography, but can perhaps be assumed because aortic and femoro-popliteal occlusion com- bined would be more likely to produce gangrene than claudica- tion.If this assumption were correct the distal patency rate would be 61%.TABLE III.-Incidence of Proved Patency of Femoral and Popliteal Arteries in Relation to Principal Aorto-iliac Lesion in 100 Aortograms Femoro-popliteal Site of Occlusion No. of Patency Cases No. % Aorta .10 5 50 Aortic bifurcation stenosis .20 17 85 Common iliac stenosis 21 16 76 Common iliac occlusion .14 8 57 External iliac occlusion .14 4 29 Combined iliac occlusion .9 4 44 Common femoral occlusion .7 1 14Others (common iliac bifurcation or internal iliac occlusion)
Dieulafoy’s Lesion: Management and Long-Term Outcome
Authors: J. Romãozinho, J. Pontes, C. Lérias, M. Ferreira, D. Freitas
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Dieulafoy's lesion is usually considered to be a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and little information is available about the long-term follow-up of this condition. We studied the clinical pattern and long-term outcome in patients with Dieulafoy's lesion who were managed in a gastrointestinal intensive care unit.We reviewed the data on the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of 70 patients admitted to our unit for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to Dieulafoy's lesion. Endoscopic hemostasis was performed in 69 cases. Patients underwent surgery if endoscopic therapy failed. A phone interview was carried out to assess the long-term clinical outcome.Dieulafoy's lesion accounted for 4 % of cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients admitted during the period studied. The mean number +/- SD of endoscopies required to establish the diagnosis was 1.4 +/- 0.75. Endoscopic hemostasis was initially successful in 91.3 % of patients, while nearly 16 % of patients required surgery because endoscopic therapy failed. The overall mortality rate was 8.6 %. None of the 52 patients who were followed up by phone reported recurrent bleeding after discharge from hospital, in a mean follow-up period of 69 months.Dieulafoy's lesion is a not uncommon cause of severe recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic therapy is safe and effective in achieving permanent hemostasis. The long-term prognosis for Dieulafoy's lesion is excellent, even when patients are treated using endoscopic methods alone.
Medical Records: a framework for establishing a record system.
Authors: L I Zander
Journal: BMJ (1981)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is considered a non-invasive precursor to breast cancer, and although associated with an increased risk of developing invasive disease, many women with DCIS will never progress beyond their in situ diagnosis. The path from normal duct to invasive disease is not well understood, and efforts to do so are hampered by the substantial heterogeneity that exists between patients and even within patients. Using gene expression analysis, we have generated a ‘Timeline’ of disease progression, utilising the variability within patients and combining &gt;2,000 individually micro-dissected ductal lesions from 145 patients into one continuous trajectory. Using this Timeline we show there is a progressive loss in basal layer integrity, coupled with two epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT), one early in the timeline and a second just prior to cells leaving the duct. We identify early processes and potential biomarkers, including <i>CAMK2N1</i>, <i>MNX1</i>, <i>ADCY5</i>, <i>HOXC11</i> and <i>ANKRD22</i>, whose reduced expression is associated with the progression of DCIS to invasive breast cancer.
Manifestation of familial porphyria cutanea tarda after childbirth
Authors: L. MALINA, C.K. LIM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Manifestation of familial porphyria cutanea tarda after childbirth Get access L. MALINA, L. MALINA Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medical Hygiene, Charles University, Prague 10, Czechoslovakia Dr. L.Malina, Faculty Hospital, Dept. Dermatology, Srobárova 50, 100 34 Prague 10, Czechoslovakia. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.K. LIM C.K. LIM Division of Clinical Cell Biology, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, Middlesex, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 2, 1 February 1988, Pages 243–245, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb01781.x Published: 01 February 1988
THE RIGID OS AS A COMPLICATION IN LABOR.Read before the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: E. H. KING
Journal: JAMA (1893)

One of the most frequent complications which occurs to annoy the obstetrician, protract labor and exhaust the patience and endurance of the parturient, is a rigid and unyielding os. This term is applied in a general way to a variety of conditions, materially differing from each other; but possessing this feature in common—the cervical tissues are unyielding, and the os undilatable. This may depend upon non-development in the early primipara; upon fibrous degeneration in the old; upon cicatricial induration, consequent to previous lacerations, and upon pathological change, incident to carcinomatous disease. But we frequently find a persistent rigidity where none of these conditions are present; wherein the lower uterine segment is apparently fully developed, and normal in character, thin and soft when quiescent, but upon the advent of each uterine contraction the encircling tissues spasmodically contract and become rigid and unyielding. More or less sensitiveness and irritability of the cervical
Asbestos-Associated Diseases: Lessons From the Past for the Future
Authors: Alf Fischbein
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  Asbestos-associated diseases constitute an important occupational health problem in the United States, and JAMA has been in the vanguard in transmitting information on this matter to the medical and scientific communities. 1   In his recent COMMENTARY, Dr John Craighead 2 addresses several issues on asbestos-related diseases in the context of two recent reports published in JAMA . 3,4 These, according to the commentary, contribute to the confusion expressed by many physicians. We would rather consider the publication of case reports, including our own, which discusses the occurrence of mesothelioma in a man who had worked in the immediate vicinity of a navy yard, as attempts to shed further light on complex issues. Case reports frequently address unusual clinical problems and often serve as departure points for epidemiologic investigations as well. The suggestion that there is an association between asbestos exposure and lung cancer, reported in 1935 by Lynch
NASAL DRILL FOR REMOVAL OF SEPTAL SPUR
Authors: Hugh H. Young
Journal: JAMA (1923)

About a year ago it was necessary to have my sphenoid and ethmoidal cells opened and drained. In order to obtain a good view of these cells, it was necessary to remove a large eburnated mass of bone, which had resulted from a fracture many years ago. After the mucous membrane had been stripped back, the bone was removed, first with chisels and then with bone forceps. While I lay there undergoing this procedure, the idea struck me (or perhaps was "hammered into my brain") that a rapidly revolving drill, so designed as to be accurately used in the nasal cavities, would be a far more gentle and rapid method of removing bone. Accordingly, during my convalescence in the hospital I made drawings of such an instrument, and summoned the chief mechanic of the Brady Institute and had him construct the instrument shown in the accompanying illustration. As will be
Mutation signature of adenoid cystic carcinoma: evidence for transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming
Authors: Henry F. Frierson, Christopher A. Moskaluk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), a relatively rare malignancy usually of salivary gland origin, has a signature v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog-nuclear factor I/B (MYB-NFIB) gene fusion that activates MYB transcriptional regulatory activity. A new study in this issue by Stephens et al. is a comprehensive genomic mutation profiling analysis of this neoplasm and documents a common theme of alteration in chromatin regulatory genes. Also, mutations in SPEN (split ends, homolog of Drosophila), which encodes an RNA-binding coregulatory protein, suggest that other changes in transcriptional regulation may involve the NOTCH, FGFR, or other signaling pathways in which SPEN participates. Since there is a low prevalence of mutations in common oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, it is likely that alterations primarily in specific transcriptional regulatory genes, augmented by changes in chromatin structure, drive the neoplastic process in ACC.
Cabin air quality in aircraft
Authors: R Harding
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Passenger safety during aircraft emergencies attracts considerable attention in the media.1 Fortunately, the dramatic is also the rare, so for most air travellers emergency considerations are academic. Comfort and wellbeing during normal flight are, however, of concern to all, and recently the quality of the environment in aircraft cabins has come under scrutiny. This has followed reports that nausea, headaches, and mucosal irritation are common; that poorly ventilated cabins may spread disease among passengers; and that environmental contaminants such as tobacco smoke may increase the risk of respiratory illness. Thus aircraft manufacturers devote much attention to national regulatory requirements for ventilation, pressurisation, and the composition and filtration of cabin air.2

Until the late 1980s about 0.57 m3 fresh air was delivered to the cabin per person per minute. In modern aircraft this figure has been halved although the total requirement remains the same: consequently, the rest is recirculated air. It was concern about contamination of recirculated cabin air with environmental tobacco smoke, and the increased awareness of the risks of …
The Genetic Activity Profile database.
Authors: M D Waters, H F Stack, N E Garrett, M A Jackson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

A graphic approach termed a Genetic Activity Profile (GAP) has been developed to display a matrix of data on the genetic and related effects of selected chemical agents. The profiles provide a visual overview of the quantitative (doses) and qualitative (test results) data for each chemical. Either the lowest effective dose (LED) or highest ineffective dose (HID) is recorded for each agent and bioassay. Up to 200 different test systems are represented across the GAP. Bioassay systems are organized according to the phylogeny of the test organisms and the end points of genetic activity. The methodology for the production and evaluation of GAPs has been developed in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Data on individual chemicals have been compiled by IARC and by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Data are available on 299 compounds selected from volumes 1-50 of the IARC Monographs and on 115 compounds identified as Superfund Priority Substances. Software to display the GAPs on an IBM-compatible personal computer is available from the authors. Structurally similar compounds frequently display qualitatively and quantitatively similar GAPs. By examining the patterns of GAPs of pairs and groups of chemicals, it is possible to make more informed decisions regarding the selection of test batteries to be used in evaluating chemical analogs. GAPs have provided useful data for the development of weight-of-evidence hazard ranking schemes. Also, some knowledge of the potential genetic activity of complex environmental mixtures may be gained from assessing the GAPs of component chemicals. The fundamental techniques and computer programs devised for the GAP database may be used to develop similar databases in other disciplines.
Is It Pre-Enucleation Chemotherapy or Delayed Enucleation of Severely Involved Eyes With Intraocular Retinoblastoma That Risks Extraocular Dissemination and Death?
Authors: Guillermo Chantada, Carlos Leal-Leal, Herve Brisse, Pim de Graaf, Rita S. Sitorus, Ibrahim Qaddoumi, Celia B.G. de Antoneli, Nurdan Tacyildiz, Sandra Luna Fineman, Livia Lumbroso, François Doz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)
Sodium Depletion Simulating Deterioration in a Toxemic Pregnancy
Authors: Jacob F. Palomaki, Marshall D. Lindheimer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

WHEN renal function is measured in a patient with pre-eclampsia, decreasing glomerular filtration rate accompanied by greater percentage reduction in uric acid clearance ordinarily suggests increasing severity of the toxemia.1 , 2 As the following report shows, however, similar decrements in renal function may be due to sodium depletion and not progression of toxemia.Case ReportA 25-year-old multipara was hospitalized at 31 weeks' gestation with a diagnosis of pre-eclampsia superimposed on pre-existing hypertension. She had a hypertension of 4 years' duration, and 2 years previously, pre-eclampsia had complicated her initial pregnancy. She was asymptomatic, but the blood pressure, which had averaged . . .
1055 TREM-2 EXPRESSION IS INDUCED DURING THE REGENERATIVE PHASE OF LIVER INJURY AND ACTS AS A NEGATIVE REGULATOR OF NEUTROPHILLIC INFILTRATION AND HEPATOCYTE PROLIFERATION
Authors: M. Perugorria, F. Oakley, J. Mann, O. Sharif, S. Knapp, D. Mann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Meta-analyses of observational data should be done with due care
Authors: G. D. Smith, M. Egger
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—In our review of meta-analyses of observational studies we pointed out that all these are susceptible to all the biases inherent in observational research1 and that it is easy to generate seemingly plausible explanations for findings of observational studies that are in fact spurious.2Birkett's critique of one of our examples illustrates these points.3



Relation between dietary calcium and systolic blood pressure by method of dietary assessment. Erroneous data published by Cappuccio et al4 (panel A) and corrected analyses by Birkett3 (panel B). Slopes with 95% …
Bad experiences in early childhood can lead to "health harming life course," study shows
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The greater the number of adverse experiences a child goes through, the more likely they are to binge drink, be involved in violence, or develop illegal drug habits as adults, a national study has found.

Researchers from Liverpool John Moores University surveyed a nationally representative sample of 3885 people aged 18-69 years. Almost half (47%) of the respondents had experienced at least one of the nine adverse childhood experiences they were asked about: physical, sexual, or verbal abuse; living with someone who had a mental illness; parental separation; having a household member incarcerated; domestic violence; and alcohol or drug use in the home.1

The findings, reported in BMC Medicine , showed that the most prevalent adverse childhood experience was parental separation, reported by 24% …
Left Ventricular Wall Motion Assessed by Using Fixed External Reference Systems
Authors: BERNARD R. CHAITMAN, J. DAVID BRISTOW, SHAHBUDIN H. RAHIMTOOLA
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Of two methods utilized to assess ventricular wall motion, one (method A) assumes the left ventricular wall moves symmetrically during contraction toward the approximate geometric center of the left ventricle. The other (method B) assumes the left ventricular wall moves symmetrically toward the base of the heart. Clearly, both methods cannot be correct in all patients. We are presenting a method (R) which utilizes two external markers and the diaphragm as an internal marker to evaluate left ventricular contraction pattern. Of 44 patients studied, the diaphragm moved in four and ventricular wall motion could not be assessed. Fifteen patients had valvular heart disease; six were normal. Findings in method R corresponded to those determined by method B in five of eight patients (63%) with left ventricular hypertrophy and by method A in eight of 13 patients (62%) without left ventricular hypertrophy. This difference was significant ( P &lt; 0.05). The remaining 19 patients had coronary artery disease; twelve of them had a previous myocardial infarction. In the latter, method R detected an area of asynergy (akinesis or dyskinesis) at ventriculography in ten of 12 patients (84%). The area of asynergy corresponded to the site of infarction determined by electrocardiogram in all patients. Methods A and B detected asynergy in only five of 12 patients (42%) and six of 12 patients (50%), respectively. Using two fixed external reference points and the diaphragm as an internal marker, a better evaluation of left ventricular wall motion can be obtained.
Anticoagulants in Treatment of Patients With Hip Fracture
Authors: Stanford Wessler
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dr. Benjamin M. Goldstein<sup>*</sup>:A 71-year-old white woman was admitted to the Jewish Hospital for the first time on March 30, 1967, because of weakness and slurred speech. She had a 15-year history of hypertension and had been hospitalized 3 years previously at another institution for evaluation of hemoptysis and cardiomegaly. Physical examination showed a thin, elderly white woman with slurred speech. The temperature was 98.4 F (36.9 C); the pulse, 88 beats per minute; and respirations, 12 per minute. The blood pressure was 250/90 mm Hg. Findings from examination of the eyes were normal. Firm carotid pulsations were present bilaterally. Cardiopulmonary and abdominal examinations were unremarkable. There was right-central facial weakness and paresis of the right arm and leg with associated increase in the deep-tendon reflexes; a Babinski reflex was present on the right, as well as a decrease to pinprick sensation over the right arm and leg. There
Leucocyte count may predict heart disease in women
Authors: Barbara Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A new study indicates that a white blood cell count is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and of mortality from all causes in postmenopausal women.

The research, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine (2005;165:500-8), showed that a leucocyte count greater than 6.7 × 109/l may identify postmenopausal women at high risk of disease who are not currently identified by traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Doctors should pay attention to white blood cell counts in the upper normal range in postmenopausal women, said the principal investigator, Karen Margolis, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Minnesota.

Dr Margolis and her colleagues studied how …
Quality improvement forum sets sights on developing countries and on patients
Authors: J. Clark
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Doctors and healthcare researchers last week debated how to import the theories and methods of healthcare quality improvement into the developing world.

At the forum on quality improvement in health care in Bergen, Norway, speakers identified inadequate infrastructure, lack of local expertise and leadership, and language as the main barriers preventing the establishment of “first world standards of care” in developing countries.

Speakers focused on systems rather than individualised approaches to improving health care and treatment, an idea that is an essential part of the quality improvement movement.

“To ask individuals to make change is a bankrupt idea,” said Don Berwick, head of the US Institute for Healthcare Improvement and a plenary speaker at the forum. “This is the case in the North, but even more so in …