tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Second-Trimester Abortions
Authors: Leslie Iffy
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report of Cates and associates inThe Journal(1982; 248:559) was the latest one of a series of publications in which they extolled the merits of second-trimester abortion by dilatation and evacuation (D&amp;E). In their recent article, the authors continued to emphasize the safety of the method as compared with other midtrimester procedures and present reassuring data about the rate of "serious" postoperative complications. Regretfully, there is much evidence to indicate that neither the statistics they quoted nor the scope of complications they referred to present a realistic picture. A rapidly increasing number of publications indicate that the main risk of artificially induced abortion is not postoperative hemorrhage, sepsis, and uterine perforation (which only occasionally occur), but permanent cervical incompetence that follows induced abortion in a considerable proportion of the cases. The fact that second-trimester spontaneous abortion and premature birth frequently follow instrumental interruption of gestation
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Problems of Parathion Poisonings
Authors: DAVID W. WYCKOFF
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Because poisoning by parathion may simulate other more common diseases, its early diagnosis is not always easy. The ultimate outcome of such an intoxication is very largely dependent upon, first, the speed with which this diagnosis is made and treatment begun, and, second, the vigor with which the highly specific antidotal and resuscitative procedures are pressed. Both the early diagnosis and the successful handling of such cases require not only the judicious use of one's clinical skills but also the proper interpretation of the various laboratory measurements available. Some of the problems that can be expected in early diagnosis and in the subsequent management are described through the recounting of our own experiences with a young girl who ingested approximately 450 mg of 15% parathion powder.
A Poliomyelitis-like Syndrome from West Nile Virus Infection
Authors: A. Arturo Leis, Dobrivoje S. Stokic, Jo Lynn Polk, Victor Dostrow, Michael Winkelmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

To the Editor: Muscle weakness is a common finding and an important predictor of death in patients with West Nile virus encephalitis.1,2 Yet this important sign does not have a defined pathological basis. In monkeys, horses, and birds, West Nile virus causes poliomyelitis.3–5 Our clinical and electrodiagnostic findings in three consecutive patients with confirmed West Nile virus infection suggest that the virus also attacks the spinal cord in humans. Patient 1, a 56-year-old man, presented with fever, chills, night sweats, myalgias, and confusion. Weakness gradually developed in his arms, along with flaccid paralysis in his right leg, areflexia, . . .
The Threat of Biological Weapons— Prophylaxis and Mitigation
Authors: Annette Flanagin
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Recent advances in molecular biology have important implications for human welfare. On the one hand, they help man to a deeper understanding of his own evolution and functioning as the most complex of life forms on earth.... On the other hand, molecular biology might be exploited for military purposes and result in a biological weapons race whose aim could well become the most efficient means for removing man from the planet.... My gravest concern is that similar scientific breakthroughs of a rather predictable kind will be made and their potential military significance exploited, so as to result in a transformation of current doctrine about unreliable biological weapons. 1   These statements about the threats of biological weapons (BW) were presented a quarter of a century ago during testimony before the United Nations Committee on Disarmament.  See also p. 349.  Two years after this testimony, the committee negotiated an international treaty, the
419 Impaired interferon-alpha production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Authors: A. Ulsenheimer, M.C. Jung, J.T. Gerlach, N. Gruener, C.A. Schirren, M. Waechtler, M. Backmund, W. Schraut, R. Zachoval, G.R. Pape, H.M. Diepolder
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
TGFβ restores hematopoietic homeostasis after myelosuppressive chemotherapy
Authors: Fabienne Brenet, Pouneh Kermani, Roman Spektor, Shahin Rafii, Joseph M. Scandura
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2013)

Myelosuppression is a life-threatening complication of antineoplastic therapy, but treatment is restricted to a few cytokines with unilineage hematopoietic activity. Although hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are predominantly quiescent during homeostasis, they are rapidly recruited into cell cycle by stresses, including myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Factors that induce HSCs to proliferate during stress have been characterized, but it is not known how HSC quiescence is then reestablished. In this study, we show that TGFβ signaling is transiently activated in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) during hematopoietic regeneration. Blockade of TGFβ signaling after chemotherapy accelerates hematopoietic reconstitution and delays the return of cycling HSCs to quiescence. In contrast, TGFβ blockade during homeostasis fails to induce cycling of HSPCs. We identified the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Cdkn1c (p57) as a key downstream mediator of TGFβ during regeneration because the recovery of chimeric mice, incapable of expressing p57 in HSPCs, phenocopies blockade of TGFβ signaling after chemotherapy. This study demonstrates that context-dependent activation of TGFβ signaling is central to an unrecognized counterregulatory mechanism that promotes homeostasis once hematopoiesis has sufficiently recovered from myelosuppressive chemotherapy. These results open the door to new, potentially superior, approaches to promote multilineage hematopoietic recovery by blocking the TGFβ signaling that dampens regeneration.
Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Primary Prevention
Authors: Heidi D. Nelson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Letters15 January 2013Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Primary PreventionHeidi D. Nelson, MD, MPHHeidi D. Nelson, MD, MPHFrom Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-2-201301150-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Schaer is correct that studies of the human, nonpharmacologically altered form of progesterone were not included in our systematic review of menopausal hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions. Although all types of hormone therapy were included in our searches of reference databases, studies of progesterone were not included in the systematic review because they did not meet the inclusion criteria detailed in the methods section of the article and technical report (1). The inclusion criteria were developed to identify the strongest available evidence to address the key questions of the review, which are the ...Reference1. Nelson HD, Walker MW, Zakher B, Mitchell J. Menopausal Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review to Update the 2002 and 2005 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations. Contract HHSA-290-2007-10057-1-EPC3, task order 3. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2012. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Heidi D. Nelson, MD, MPHAffiliations: From Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M11-3020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMenopausal Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review to Update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations Heidi D. Nelson , Miranda Walker , Bernadette Zakher , and Jennifer Mitchell Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Primary Prevention Teresa M. Schaer Metrics Cited byFollicular Development 15 January 2013Volume 158, Issue 2Page: 141KeywordsBone densityConflicts of interestDatabasesDisclosureHormonal therapyHormonesProgesteroneSystematic reviews ePublished: 15 January 2013 Issue Published: 15 January 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Charles W. Shilling, MD
Authors: Meg Dedolph
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCTAP A-058 The Changes and Clinical Outcomes of Peri-Contrast Staining (PSS) in First Generation DES Era to Second Generation DES Era
Authors: Takahiro Tokuda, Toshiya Muramatsu, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Masahiro Yamawaki, Motoharu Araki, Norihiro Kobayashi, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Shinsuke Mori, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Hiroya Takafuji, Takuro Takama, Yohsuke Honda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Litigation Reform Proposed
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Ralph E. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Cancer of the breast is newly diagnosed in approximately 90,000 patients per year in the United States, and the long-standing debate continues as to the relative merits of various therapeutic approaches. Often lost in this swirl of controversy over treatment has been the need for a deliberate effort to approach the total patient from the onset. Whereas many examples could be cited within the field of oncology, cancer of the breast serves as an eloquent illustration of this point. Consider the standard sequence of events when a woman is found to have a breast mass, whether on selfexamination or by her physician. A biopsy is scheduled with the greatest of dispatch, and when frozen-section histologic examination confirms a diagnosis of cancer, some form of mastectomy is immediately performed. For the moment, the majority of surgeons have an understandable preference for the traditional radical mastectomy, since unequivocal documentation
Scientific Foundations of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Authors: Nathan Kase
Journal: JAMA (1970)

In a time when the only justification for presenting another textbook in obstetrics and gynecology seems to be commercial rather than educational motivation, what a pleasure it is to encounter a new text that truly offers something unique and valuable to its readership! Such an offering is<i>Scientific Foundations of Obstetrics and Gynecology</i>, edited by Elliot E. Phillip, Joseph Barnes, and Michael Newton, with contributions by 80 distinguished authors. The book is a success because it accomplishes the lofty purpose set by its editors: to provide the background and associated information necessary to understand the recent advances made in this specialty. Furthermore, these basic data are continually correlated with relevant issues in current clinical practice. Some examples taken at random illustrate this exceptional quality: In a section on organ function a description of basic renal physiology and pathology is followed by a fundamental discussion of fluid balance theory and practice
Mode Switching Kinetics Produced by a Naturally Occurring Mutation in the Cytoplasmic Loop of the Human Acetylcholine Receptor ε Subunit
Authors: Margherita Milone, Hai-Long Wang, Kinji Ohno, Richard Prince, Takayasu Fukudome, Xin-Ming Shen, Joan M. Brengman, Robert C. Griggs, Steven M. Sine, Andrew G. Engel
Journal: Neuron (1998)

We describe the genetic and kinetic defects in a congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by heteroallelic mutations of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) ε subunit gene. The mutations are an in-frame duplication of six residues in the long cytoplasmic loop (ε1254ins18) and a cysteine-loop null mutation (εC128S). The ε1254ins18 mutation causes mode switching in the kinetics of receptor activation in which three modes activate slowly and inactivate rapidly. The ε1245ins18-AChR at the endplate shows abnormally brief activation episodes during steady state agonist application and appears electrically silent during the synaptic response to acetylcholine. The phenotypic consequences are endplate AChR deficiency, simplification of the postsynaptic region, and compensatory expression of fetal AChR that restores electrical activity at the endplate and rescues the phenotype.
Comparison of effects of nitroprusside and prazosin on left ventricular function and the peripheral circulation in chronic refractory congestive heart failure.
Authors: N A Awan, R R Miller, D T Mason
Journal: Circulation (1978)

We compared cardiocirculatory actions of nitroprusside (NP) to prazosin (PZ) in eleven chronic coronary patients with refractory congestive heart failure. Each drug equally lowered systemic arterial pressures mildly while heart rate was unaltered. NP decline (P less than .001) in left ventricular filling pressure (28 to 17 mm Hg) and rise (P less than .005) in cardiac index (2.20 to 2.96 L/min/m2) were similar to PZ (30 to 17) and (2.08 to 3.00). PZ and NP equally enhanced cardiac efficiency of stroke work and myocardial oxygen consumption index. Total systemic vascular resistance declined (P less than .001) the same with NP and PZ. Forearm vascular resistance (FVR) and venous tone (FVT) diminished equally with NP and PZ. Similar FVR/FVT percent changes of 0.88 and 0.64 with NP and PZ indicated relatively balanced systemic arteriovenous relaxation. Sinze PZ effects persisted six hours with symptomatic improvement, oral PZ is the best vasodilator for long-term use, extending in-hospital NP-like actions to ambulatory heart failure therapy.
Caltnodulin and psoriasis
Authors: U. Wollina, B. Knopf, R. Klinger, R. Wetzker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Caltnodulin and psoriasis Get access U. Wollina, U. Wollina Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology, Jena ‐6900 German Democratic Republic Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Knopf, B. Knopf Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology, Jena ‐6900 German Democratic Republic Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Klinger, R. Klinger Institute of Biochemistry, Jena ‐6900 German Democratic Republic Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Wetzker R. Wetzker Department of Medicine, The Friedrich Schiller University, Jena ‐6900 German Democratic Republic. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 120, Issue 6, 1 June 1989, Pages 856–857, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01388.x Published: 01 June 1989
Intrahepatic amino acid and glucose metabolism in a ?-galactosamine–induced rat liver failure model
Authors: Kosuke Arai, Kyongbum Lee, François Berthiaume, Ronald G. Tompkins, Martin L. Yarmush
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

A better understanding of the hepatic metabolic pathways affected by fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) would help develop nutritional support and other nonsurgical medical therapies for FHF. We used an isolated perfused liver system in combination with a mass–balance model of hepatic intermediary metabolism to generate a comprehensive map of metabolic alterations in the liver in FHF. To induce FHF, rats were fasted for 36 hours, during which they received 2 d–galactosamine injections. The livers were then perfused for 60 minutes via the portal vein with amino acid-supplemented Eagle minimal essential medium containing 3% wt/vol bovine serum albumin and oxygenated with 95% O 2 /5% CO 2 . Control rats were fasted for 36 hours with no other treatment before perfusion. FHF rat livers exhibited reduced amino acid uptake, a switch from gluconeogenesis to glycolysis, and a decrease in urea synthesis, but no change in ammonia consumption compared with normal fasted rat livers. Mass–balance analysis showed that hepatic glucose synthesis was inhibited as a result of a reduction in amino acid entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle by anaplerosis. Furthermore, FHF inhibited intrahepatic aspartate synthesis, which resulted in a 50% reduction in urea cycle flux. Urea synthesis by conversion of exogenous arginine to ornithine was unchanged. Ammonia removal was quantitatively maintained by glutamine synthesis from glutamate and a decrease in the conversion of glutamate to α–ketoglutarate. Mass–balance analysis of hepatic metabolism will be useful in characterizing changes during FHF, and in elucidating the effects of nutritional supplements and other treatments on hepatic function.
Paralytic Poliomyelitis in a Contact of a Vaccinated Child
Authors: Plero Balduzzi, Lowell A. Glasgow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis in the United States has steadily declined since the development of the inactivated, Salk-type vaccine and, later, of the attenuated, Sabin oral vaccine.1 The use of living, attenuated-virus vaccine has been remarkable for its high degree of safety, and in the United States only a small number of cases of paralytic poliomyelitis have been associated with the administration of the vaccine.2 Even less frequent has been the occurrence of paralytic diseases in unvaccinated contacts of vaccinated persons, usually members of the family.2 This paper describes a case of paralytic poliomyelitis in a partially immunized nonhousehold . . .
Case 20-1963
Authors: Morton N. Swartz, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Presentation of Case First admission. A fifty-year-old salesman was referred to the hospital because of dyspnea.Nineteen years previously he was rejected for military service because of a heart murmur. There was no history of cardiac disease, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, previous dyspnea, chest pain or palpitation, and physical activity had never been limited. Seven months before entry to this hospital several teeth were extracted, and he was given prophylactic penicillin for the first time. Four weeks later he was admitted to another hospital because of night sweats, weakness, aching of the extremities and diarrhea. Physical examination revealed a . . .
Book Review Evolution in Health and Disease Second edition. Edited by Stephen C. Stearns and Jacob C. Koella. 374 pp., illustrated. New York, Oxford University Press, 2008. $180 (cloth); $85 (paper). 978-0-19-920745-9 (cloth); 978-0-19-920746-6 (paper).
Authors: Leonid Gavrilov, Natalia Gavrilova
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)
Remarks on Acute Mania
Authors: F. Needham
Journal: BMJ (1860)

suddenly, from the fibrinous mass having been carried forcibly upwalrds into the iitulndililiim, and from the arrest in the arterial cirencubtion necessarily resulting from so great an obstructio.n.FI¢X.C.( U .l, c1 sion of a Fibriiienis C'ozieretil,llto tilp Ileart.A. Purltioll olj N'jj-l Ve t 99; B. Mijt.-jlI-jjtl7(,; C.tiolleI.,Slieli, tlien, are t':, broqd( annstonlictil c31:rante'l.S of tle, fibrinou-, deposits mi;t witlli,) illtj le,e:t an;l roat vessiels ad- ,joiningz the ]tlw:wt.I :1,> t!!(? firl,t of the-se (¢vaiotiex n. static formzatior), b)ec:qlls~e it i. 1) (.1ii-( froTn iloodl at rest.I'l"e iemaindei-, oiie :,I-I(l n.11, (l X llltllesai l(le nta they are le, resultl ot' .1(Iz;,ifl'Oec that i.s to sav, thley are formed 1iolli bloo(l iii n,,otilm.''lTo (,& C!}}lti)ll f;l.: am in('e'o*tel to t1,l .a(ss;; t' Mr. Ori-iri Smthll f,)i the excellent wvoodcuts (execpt) tile 1;j,s; 1):, x1t,i.. thf) itl)v,,v¢ reml.irkls;are illustr*atedl.REMIAT-'XS (ON ACUTE MANIA.By FREDERICK NEE}DIIA.*l., Snli)(-it(_ndent of the