tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
N-linked glycan modification on antigen-presenting cells restores an allospecific cytotoxic T cell response.
Authors: J J Neefjes, M L De Bruijn, C J Boog, J D Nieland, J Boes, C J Melief, H L Ploegh
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

The B6 anti-bm6 allospecific CTL response is strictly dependent on CD4+ cells when using LPS blasts as stimulator cells. Altering the N-linked carbohydrates on stimulator cells by use of the N-linked trimming glycosidase inhibitors 1-deoxymannojirimycin and swainsonine, or by treatment with bacterial neuraminidase, results in a restoration of the B6 anti-bm6 response in the absence of CD4+ cells. The extent of restoration is inversely correlated with the number of sialic acids present on N-linked glycans of stimulator cells.
Cardiac-specific overexpression of angiotensin II AT2 receptor causes attenuated response to AT1 receptor-mediated pressor and chronotropic effects.
Authors: H Masaki, T Kurihara, A Yamaki, N Inomata, Y Nozawa, Y Mori, S Murasawa, K Kizima, K Maruyama, M Horiuchi, V J Dzau, H Takahashi, T Iwasaka, M Inada, H Matsubara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Angiotensin (Ang) II has two major receptor isoforms, AT1 and AT2. Currently, AT1 antagonists are undergoing clinical trials in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Treatment with AT1 antagonists causes elevation of plasma Ang II which selectively binds to AT2 and exerts as yet undefined effects. Cardiac AT2 level is low in adult hearts, whereas its distribution ratio is increased during cardiac remodeling and its action is enhanced by application of AT1 antagonists. Although in AT2 knock-out mice sensitivity to the pressor action of Ang II was increased, underlying mechanisms remain undefined. Here, we report the unexpected finding that cardiac-specific overexpression of the AT2 gene using alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter resulted in decreased sensitivity to AT1-mediated pressor and chronotropic actions. AT2 protein undetectable in the hearts of wild-type mice was overexpressed in atria and ventricles of the AT2 transgenic (TG) mice and the proportions of AT2 relative to AT1 were 41% in atria and 45% in ventricles. No obvious morphological change was observed in the myocardium and there was no significant difference in cardiac development or heart to body weight ratio between wild-type and TG mice. Infusion of Ang II to AT2 TG mice caused a significantly attenuated increase in blood pressure response and the change was completely blocked by pretreatment with AT2 antagonist. This decreased sensitivity to Ang II-induced pressor action was mainly due to the AT2-mediated strong negative chronotropic effect and exerted by circulating Ang II in a physiological range that did not stimulate catecholamine release. Isolated hearts of AT2 transgenic mice perfused using a Langendorff apparatus also showed decreased chronotropic responses to Ang II with no effects on left ventricular dp/dt max values, and Ang II-induced activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase was inhibited in left ventricles in the transgenic mice. Although transient outward K+ current recorded in cardiomyocytes from AT2 TG mice was not influenced by AT2 activation, this study suggested that overexpression of AT2 decreases the sensitivity of pacemaker cells to Ang II. Our results demonstrate that stimulation of cardia AT2 exerts a novel antipressor action by inhibiting AT1-mediated chronotropic effects, and that application of AT1 antagonists to patients with cardiovascular diseases has beneficial pharmacotherapeutic effects of stimulating cardiac AT2.
Pioglitazone vs Glimepiride and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness—Reply
Authors: Theodore Mazzone
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MIXED LYMPHOCYTE REACTIVITY AGAINST NORMAL CELLS BY SPLENIC LYMPHOCYTES FROM TUMOR-BEARING MICE
Authors: R. G. Devlin, J. D. McCurdy, P. E. Baronowsky
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

The establishment of an intimate connection between autoimmunity and neoplasia would require the demonstration of an experimentally induced, tumor-dependent autoimmune process. For this reason, we have studied cellular immune reactions of mice bearing a transplantable leukemia (L1210). Spleen cells from hybrid BDF(1) mice bearing the L1210 tumor (BDFt) reacted vigorously in mixed lymphocyte culture with mitomycin-treated, normal spleen cells from mice of the parental strain from which the L1210 tumor was derived (DBA/2). Spleen cells from nontumor-bearing BDF(1) mice reacted only weakly with these parental cells. The BDFt cells likewise did not respond when cultured with mitomycin-treated spleen cells from the other parental strain (C57B1/6). The vigorous mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) by BDFt cells against normal parental cells of the same strain as the tumor was not due to a double exposure of the reacting cells to histocompatibility antigens shared by tumor cells and normal parental cells. The response of cells from tumor-bearing F(1) mice against normal parental cells seen in these experiments suggests the possibility of the induction of an autoimmune-like process against host lymphocytes by spleen cells from leukemic mice. Theoretically such a phenomenon would considerably reduce an animal's ability to mount an immune attack against malignant cells.
Winter pollinosis in Paris
Authors: J. Laurent, L. Decoux, M. R. Ickovic, C. Le Gall, J. C. Gacouin, J. Sauvaget, M. Lafay
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Pollen is rarely investigated as a cause of winter respiratory symptoms. Infectious coryza and asthma are particularly common during winter, and it has been shown that environmental antigens can cause at least some cases in Paris. Recent experimental data with from Calhoun et al. (1991) indicate that pollen may act synergistically with viral respiratory infections, which are particularly prevalent in winter. In the present study, we investigated, in 130 consecutive patients presenting with winter aggravation of asthma or rhinitis, winter pollinosis by skin test, radioallergosorbent test (RAST), and specific endonasal challenge test. Totals of 35, 24, and 21 patients reacted positively in skin, RAST (&gt; 0.70 PRU/ml), and endonasal tests, respectively. Clinical features during the season established the diagnosis of winter pollinosis in 20 cases; it was due to alder pollen in 10 patients and hazel pollen in 12. The positive predictive value of the skin test was only 0.57, as compared with 0.86 for the specific endonasal test, which had a negative predictive value of 1. Our results indicate that hazel and alder pollens should be prick‐tested for more often as causes of winter respiratory symptoms in Paris, even if similar manifestations were absent during previous winters, were previously present during spring or summer, or were both absent in previous winters and present in spring or summer.
Geographic Differences in US Health Care Spending—Reply
Authors: Joseph P. Newhouse, Alan M. Garber
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atrial Fibrillation Impairs the Diagnostic Performance of Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides in Dyspneic Patients
Authors: Mark Richards, Salvatore Di Somma, Christian Mueller, Richard Nowak, W. Frank Peacock, Piotr Ponikowski, Martin Mockel, Christopher Hogan, Alan H.B. Wu, Paul Clopton, Gerasimos S. Filippatos, Inder Anand, Leong Ng, Lori B. Daniels, Sean-Xavier Neath, Kevin Shah, Robert Christenson, Oliver Hartmann, Stefan D. Anker, Alan Maisel
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2013)
Tumor Hypomethylation at 6p21.3 Associates with Longer Time to Recurrence of High-Grade Serous Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Chen Wang, Mine S. Cicek, Bridget Charbonneau, Kimberly R. Kalli, Sebastian M. Armasu, Melissa C. Larson, Gottfried E. Konecny, Boris Winterhoff, Jian-Bing Fan, Marina Bibikova, Jeremy Chien, Viji Shridhar, Matthew S. Block, Lynn C. Hartmann, Daniel W. Visscher, Julie M. Cunningham, Keith L. Knutson, Brooke L. Fridley, Ellen L. Goode
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract To reveal biologic mechanisms underlying clinical outcome of high-grade serous (HGS) epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOC), we evaluated the association between tumor epigenetic changes and time to recurrence (TTR). We assessed methylation at approximately 450,000 genome-wide CpGs in tumors of 337 Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) patients. Semi-supervised clustering of discovery (n = 168) and validation (n = 169) sets was used to determine clinically relevant methylation classes. Clustering identified two methylation classes based on 60 informative CpGs, which differed in TTR in the validation set [R vs. L class, P = 2.9 × 10−3, HR = 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34–0.80]. Follow-up analyses considered genome-wide tumor mRNA expression (n = 104) and CD8 T-cell infiltration (n = 89) in patient subsets. Hypomethylation of CpGs located in 6p21.3 in the R class associated with cis upregulation of genes enriched in immune response processes (TAP1, PSMB8, PSMB9, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DMA, and HLA-DOA), increased CD8 T-cell tumor infiltration (P = 7.6 × 10−5), and trans-regulation of genes in immune-related pathways (P = 1.6 × 10−32). This is the most comprehensive assessment of clinical outcomes with regard to epithelial ovarian carcinoma tumor methylation to date. Collectively, these results suggest that an epigenetically mediated immune response is a predictor of recurrence and, possibly, treatment response for HGS EOC. Cancer Res; 74(11); 3084–91. ©2014 AACR.
Delayed Childbearing in Sweden
Authors: Michele R. Forman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry, we examined whether reproductive history influenced pregnancy outcomes among women aged 30 to 39 years who gave birth to a first or second child in 1976 through 1980. They were classified group 1, primigravida; group 2, gravida 2, para O; and group 3, gravida 2, para 1. Compared with women aged 20 through 24 years with the same parity and gravidity, the relative risk (RR) of late fetal deaths was significantly greater among those aged 35 through 39 years (RR: group 1 = 1.76, group 2 = 2.22, and group 3 = 2.39). The risk of giving birth to newborns who were low birth weight and preterm, or low birth weight at term, or 2,500 g or greater but preterm was greater among women aged 30 through 39 years in groups 1 and 2--significantly so for group 1 aged 30 through 39 years v group 1 aged 20 through 24 years. Risk increased with maternal age, from 30 through 34 to 35 through 39 years. The increased risk with age and parity-gravidity has ramifications for the increasing rate of delayed childbearing in the United States and elsewhere.
Tricuspid Atresia with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Authors: BERTRAND A. MARCANO, THOMAS A. RIEMENSCHNEIDER, HERBERT D. RUTTENBERG, STANLEY J. GOLDBERG, MICHAEL GYEPES
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The pathologic and clinical findings in 13 cases of tricuspid atresia and increased pulmonary blood flow encountered in UCLA Medical Center were reviewed. In seven, the great vessels were normally related (group I), and in six, the great vessels were transposed (group II). In all group II cases, aortic arch anomalies were encountered, a finding not duly emphasized in previous reports. Comparison of the two groups revealed significant clinical and laboratory differences. Group II patients typically presented with severe congestive heart failure and expired within the first 2 months of life. Group I patients usually presented with mild congestive heart failure which responded to therapy. Five of the latter demonstrated progressive change from increased to decreased pulmonary blood flow during their clinical course and eventually required palliative shunt procedures, four prior to the age of 2 years and one at 5 years of age. While the electrocardiogram demonstrated right atrial enlargement and left ventricular hypertrophy in both groups, the mean frontal plane axis was between –15° and –100° in group I and –75° and +75° in group II. QRS vector loops tended to be superiorly oriented in group I and inferiorly oriented in group II. Because the natural history and prognosis in these two groups differ significantly, diagnostic efforts should include determination of the relationship of the great vessels. When transposition of the great vessels is demonstrated, aortography should be performed because of the high incidence of aortic arch anomalies.
Rapid determination of pesticide residues in Chinese materia medica using QuEChERS sample preparation followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Yichen Hu, Li Wan, Jinming Zhang, Fang Yang, Jiliang Cao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Pesticide residue analysis plays an important role in the quality control of Chinese materia medica. This paper reports the development and validation of an analytical method for the quantitative determination of the residues of 39 pesticides in 12 different matrices of Chinese materia medica. Sample preparation utilized the QuEChERS method with acetonitrile:1% aqueous acetic acid (9:1, v/v) as extraction solvent followed by sample clean-up by dispersive solid phase extraction using primary secondary amine sorbent and graphitized carbon black. Extracts were then analysed by gas chromatography coupled with electron impact mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) values were in the ranges 0.5–50 ng/g and 1–100 ng/g, respectively. The recoveries of the 39 pesticides were in the range 75–112% with precision (as relative standard deviation, RSD) <15%. The results show that the modified QuEChERS method allows rapid and sensitive analysis of multiple pesticide residues in Chinese materia medica.
INTRANASAL ANGIOMA: BLEEDING POLYPUS OF THE SEPTUM.
Authors: W. E. CASSELBERRY
Journal: JAMA (1900)

A typical<i>angioma simplex</i>is composed of new-formed, very tortuous blood-vessels, held together by a small amount of connective tissue and situated usually in the skin, e. g., nevus. The normal vessels of the part where it is situated may enter more or less into its formation, becoming dilated and tortuous, and it has therefore become customary to include in the class of angiomata tumors composed entirely of dilated pre-existent vessels, although the term telangiectasis or telangiectoma is by some preferred to this sort of angioma where dilatation is more prominent than actual new formation. A typical<i>angioma cavernosum</i>is composed chiefly of blood spaces lined with endothelium, separated by a stroma of connective tissue. The spaces contain venous blood, but seem to represent capillaries, being interposed between arteries and veins. The structure is similar to that of the corpus cavernosum. Such are often found in the liver. The vascular
Once-daily Fluticasone Furoate∗ Nasal Spray (FF) Provides 24-hour Symptom Relief In Subjects With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) Caused By Mountain Cedar Pollen ∗USAN approved name
Authors: F.C. Hampel, R. Jacobs, B. Martin, T. Toler, A. Ellsworth, E. Philpot
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Novel SN-38–Incorporating Polymeric Micelles, NK012, Eradicate Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Secreting Bulky Tumors
Authors: Fumiaki Koizumi, Masayuki Kitagawa, Takahito Negishi, Takeshi Onda, Shin-ichi Matsumoto, Tetsuya Hamaguchi, Yasuhiro Matsumura
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38), a biological active metabolite of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11), has potent antitumor activity but has not been used clinically because it is a water-insoluble drug. For delivery by i.v. injection, we have successfully developed NK012, a SN-38-releasing nanodevice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pharmacologic character of NK012 as an anticancer agent, especially in a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–secreting tumor model. The particle size of NK012 was ∼20 nm with a narrow size distribution. NK012 exhibited a much higher cytotoxic effect against lung and colon cancer cell lines as compared with CPT-11. NK012 showed significantly potent antitumor activity against a human colorectal cancer HT-29 xenograft as compared with CPT-11. Enhanced and prolonged distribution of free SN-38 in the tumor was observed after the injection of NK012. NK012 also had significant antitumor activity against bulky SBC-3/Neo (1,533.1 ± 1,204.7 mm3) and SBC-3/VEGF tumors (1,620.7 ± 834.0 mm3) compared with CPT-11. Furthermore, NK012 eradicated bulky SBC-3/VEGF tumors in all mice but did not eradicate SBC-3/Neo tumors. In the drug distribution analysis, an increased accumulation of SN-38 in SBC-3/VEGF tumors was observed as compared with that in SBC-3/Neo tumors. NK012 markedly enhanced the antitumor activity of SN-38, especially in highly VEGF-secreting tumors, and could be a promising SN-38-based formulation. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(20): 10048-56)
Inhibition of antigen-specific T lymphocyte activation by structurally related Ir gene-controlled polymers. Evidence of specific competition for accessory cell antigen presentation.
Authors: K L Rock, B Benacerraf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

The interaction of nominal Ag with major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted T cells and accessory cells was studied by analyzing the effect of structurally related antigens on the response of antigen-specific MHC-restricted T cell hybridomas. The copolymer L-glutamic acid50-L-tyrosine50 (GT) completely inhibits the response of L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine40-L-tyrosine10 (GAT)-specific, I-Ad-restricted T cell hybridomas to GAT plus accessory cells. This inhibition is specific, as hybridomas of other specificities are not inhibited under identical conditions, and is unique to the GT antigen, as other similar copolymers are not inhibitory. The inhibitory effect is reversible by adding increasing amounts of GAT. Antigen-pulsing experiments localized the inhibition to the level of antigen-presenting cell (APC). GT-prepulsed APC are not inhibitory in cell-mixing experiments and can present other antigens. GT only inhibits the nominal antigen-directed component of a GAT-specific, autoreactive hybrid's response. Together these findings suggest that GT causes inhibition by competing for GAT association at the accessory cell. GT interferes with GAT presentation by an I-Adxb F1 APC to a BALB/c, I-Ad-restricted, but not B10, I-Ab-restricted, T cell hybridoma, and GT inhibits presentation by GAT-prepulsed APC. The implications of these findings for MHC-restricted presentation of antigen are discussed.
Chronic Translucent Papules of the Palms and Soles
Authors: Julie E. Mervak, Lori Lowe, Kelly B. Cha
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Awoman inher50swithamedical historyof asthmaandseasonal allergiespresentedwith numerousasymptomatic flesh-colored to translucentpapulesonherpalmsandpalmar and lateral aspects of her fingers (Figure, A and B). Many of the papules were depressed centrally. Therewasnoextensiononto thedorsal aspectof thehands. Therewere similar translucent papules over themargins of her feet, particularly her great toes, and hyperkeratotic yellow plaques with scattered pits over her bilateral soles, concentrated in areas of pressure. The lesions onher hands first developed inher40s andwere exacerbatedby alcoholbased hand sanitizer at work. They became more prominent with exposure to water but remained asymptomatic. Occasional application of urea cream to her feet did not lead to significant improvement. Shealsohad fine-texturedhair, present sincechildhoodwith thinning noted in thepast 7 years. She hadnohistory of eczema. At the time, shedenied a family historyof similar skin findingsbut recently reported similar handand foot findings inher mother. Two punch biopsies were performed from the left thenar eminence (Figure, C). A
Mandatory graduate entry to nursing
Authors: P. Gough, A. Masterson
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective: </b> To assess whether serum copper in Alzheimer disease (AD) correlates with cognitive scores, β-amyloid, and other CSF markers of neurodegeneration. <b>Methods: </b> The authors studied copper, ceruloplasmin, total peroxide, and antioxidants levels (TRAP) in serum; β-amyloid in plasma; and copper, β-amyloid, h-tau, and P-tau in the CSF of 28 patients with AD and 25 healthy controls, in relation to clinical status. <b>Results: </b> Serum copper (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), peroxides (<i>p</i> = 0.002), a copper fraction unexplained by ceruloplasmin (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and CSF h-tau (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were increased in AD, whereas serum TRAP (<i>p</i> = 0.03) and CSF β-amyloid were decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Plasma β-amyloid increased with age in healthy controls (<i>r</i> = 0.6; <i>p</i> = 0.05). CSF markers of AD correlated with serum copper variables. CSF copper was partially dependent on the serum copper fraction unexplained by ceruloplasmin (<i>t</i> = 2.2, <i>p</i> = 0.04). CSF β-amyloid seemed to be related to serum copper (<i>r</i> = −0.46; <i>p</i> = 0.002). Mini-Mental Status Examination scores correlated positively with β-amyloid (<i>r</i> = 0.46, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and inversely with copper unexplained by ceruloplasmin (<i>r</i> = −0.45, <i>p</i> = 0.003). <b>Conclusions: </b> The authors9 results confirm the existence of changes in copper component distribution, particularly the copper fraction unexplained by ceruloplasmin and support the hypothesis of a β-amyloid and copper connection in Alzheimer disease.