tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Western Medical Tradition, 1800 to 2000
Authors: Peter McCandless
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Detection of an Intrathymic Parathyroid Adenoma by Tc-99m Tetrofosmin:
Authors: ALESSANDRO GIORDANO, GUIDO MEDURI, SALVATORE MARIA CORSELLO, PAOLA PASQUINI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 35-year-old woman who had hyperparathyroidism (increased serum levels of calcium and parathormone) and normal neck US scan, underwent standard Tl-201/Tc-99m pertechnetate parathyroid scintigraphy with the addition of early and delayed imaging with Tc-99m tetrofosmin. A rounded area of increased uptake of Tl-201 and Tc-99m tetrofosmin, located in the upper left mediastinum, was detectable on raw and Tc-99m subtracted images, which represented an ectopic parathyroid adenoma that was surgically removed and histologically confirmed as an intrathymic parathyroid adenoma. Adenoma detectability was much better with Tc-99m tetrofosmin than with Tl-201 as shown by the higher tumor to background ratio. Such favorable imaging characteristics suggest that Tc-99m tetrofosmin may have the potential to act as a suitable agent for parathyroid scintigraphy.
Reply to Dr. Tominaga et al.
Authors: W. McDonnell, F. Loura, M. Pointon, J. Greenson
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

We strongly believe that cat scratch colon is due to barotrauma; however, we have not been able to provide any evidence. We have on several occasions noted the sudden onset of bright red linear marks (”cat scratch”) upon insufflating a Hartmann’s pouch, but this cannot be extrapolated to the colon.
Acute Myelofibrosis
Authors: Joan F. Kroener
Journal: JAMA (1983)

ACUTE<i>myelofibrosis</i>is one of several names given to a disease first described in 1963 by Lewis and Szur,<sup>1</sup>which they designated as<i>malignant myelosclerosis</i>. They reported five cases of an acute fatal illness characterized by anemia without adenopathy or splenomegaly, a peripheral blood picture like that of acute leukemia, and a bone marrow biopsy specimen demonstrating marked fibrosis. Since then, numerous cases have appeared in the literature and have been reviewed by Bearman et al,<sup>2</sup>who have proposed a set of diagnostic criteria. The disease has been uniformly fatal despite treatment attempts with steroids, androgens, and chemotherapy, although no uniform attempt has been made to evaluate the results of treatment with combination chemotherapy. Recently, Smith et al<sup>3</sup>and Wolf et al<sup>4</sup>have reported treatment of five patients with acute myelosclerosis with chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Four patients had prompt engraftment and resolution of
Addition of zatebradine, a direct sinus node inhibitor, provides no greater exercise tolerance benefit in patients with angina taking extended-release nifedipine: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study
Authors: William H. Frishman, Carl J. Pepine, Robert J. Weiss, Wolfgang M. Baiker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
3D CMR Mapping of Metabolism by Hyperpolarized 13C-Pyruvate in Ischemia–Reperfusion
Authors: Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Francesca Frijia, Vincenzo Positano, Luca Menichetti, Maria Filomena Santarelli, Jan Henrik Ardenkjaer-Larsen, Florian Wiesinger, Vincenzo Lionetti, Simone Lorenzo Romano, Giacomo Bianchi, Danilo Neglia, Giulio Giovannetti, Rolf F. Schulte, Fabio Anastasio Recchia, Luigi Landini, Massimo Lombardi
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
ASSOCIATION OF BODY MASS INDEX WITH RISKS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND ISCHEMIC STROKE IN YOUNG WOMEN: A NATIONWIDE STUDY
Authors: Michelle Dalgas Schmiegelow, Charlotte Andersson, Kober Lars, Soren Skott Andersen, Jonas B. Olesen, Thomas B. Jensen, Aziza Azimi, Christian Torp-Pedersen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Should mechanical ventilation be optimized to blood gases, lung mechanics, or thoracic CT scan?
Authors: F Brunet, D Jeanbourquin, M Monchi, J P Mira, L Fierobe, A Armaganidis, B Renaud, M Belghith, S Nouira, J F Dhainaut
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

This study was aimed at providing data for optimization of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The effects of ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titrated to blood gases were studied by thoracic computed tomographic (CT) scans and lung mechanics measurements in eight patients. CT density histograms at end-expiration were used to investigate the effects of PEEP on three differently aerated zones. Static pressure-volume (P-V) curves were used to determine the deflection point above which baro-volotrauma (a combination of barotrauma and volotrauma) may occur. Peak pressures, plateau pressures, and lung volumes measured by Respitrace were compared with the deflection point. CT scan showed that PEEP increased "normally aerated" areas, decreased "nonaerated" areas, and did not change "poorly aerated" zones. No correlations were found between CT scan and either PaO2 or mechanical data. Pressure at the deflection point was lower than the usually recommended 35 to 40 cm H2O for peak pressure in four patients (range, 28 to 32 cm H2O). With regard to plateau pressures, only one patient was ventilated above the deflection point. However, monitoring of volumes showed that these four patients had an end-inspiratory volume above this point. We conclude that mechanical ventilation may be initially adjusted on the basis of blood gas values and then optimized on the basis of lung mechanics to limit the risk of baro-volotrauma.
Louisiana tells Ebola doctors to stay away from tropical medicine conference
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The state of Louisiana has ordered medical researchers and healthcare workers not to come to New Orleans for the upcoming annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene if they have recently been to Sierra Leone, Liberia, or Guinea or have had recent contact with someone with Ebola virus disease.

In a letter addressed to the conference delegates Kathy Kliebert, secretary of Louisiana’s Department of Health and Hospitals, and Kevin Davis, director of the state governor’s Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness, wrote, “Given that conference participants with a travel and exposure history for EVD [Ebola virus disease] are recommended not to participate in large group settings (such as …
Management of cutaneous malignant melanoma by dermatologists of the American Academy of Dermatology. I. Survey of biopsy practices of pigmented lesions suspected as melanoma
Authors: Thomas G Salopek, Johnny Slade, Ashfaq A Marghoob, Darrell S Rigel, Alfred W Kopf, Robert S Bart, Robert J Friedman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1995)

The incidence of malignant melanoma (MM) has rapidly increased during the past five decades. Relatively little information is available on whether the role of the dermatologist has increased concomitantly in the surgical management of this cancer.Our purpose was to learn how members of the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) treat patients with lesions highly suspected as being MM and how the management of these patients may have changed over the past decade. This, the first of a two-part series, concerns biopsies.The data for the study were collected by means of a questionnaire that was sent to all members of the AAD practicing in the United States (N = 7412).A total of 2991 valid questionnaires were returned, a response rate of 40%. The majority of respondents (89% in 1982; 90% in 1992) stated that they performed the biopsies of pigmented lesions suspected of being MMs. Excisional biopsy was the preferred technique (58% in 1982; 68% in 1992). The type of biopsy and who performed the initial biopsy of a suspected MM were associated with the following factors: (1) the number of years in practice, (2) the type of practice, and (3) whether the dermatologist subsequently performed the definitive surgery for the MM. Regional variations in biopsy practices were also noted.Most AAD dermatologists who responded to the questionnaire perform the biopsies of lesions highly suspected of being MM. During the last decade an increasing proportion of dermatologists are performing excisional biopsies rather than other types of biopsies for such lesions.
The Operations of Surgery. Vol I: Infections and Injuries of the Soft Tissues, Burns and Plastic Surgery, Surgery of the Breast and Lymphatic Glands, Surgery of the Abdomen, Genito-Urinary Surgery
Authors: Arthur B. Voorhees
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This text crosses the arbitrary boundaries of classic disease description, technical dissertations, and clinical management of surgical patients. The book is a clear and systematic collection of surgical experience by competent surgeons who deal with those major topics which fall under the heading of general surgery in many institutions. The authors "... do not wish to lay down rules, but only to indicate the paths which can be followed safely until the explorer knows his country well enough to make his own way." They have accomplished this by orientating the chapters to surgical problems of a specific organ, and then providing a technical discourse on the definitive surgical solutions. Pertinent references are in the body of the text and the diagrams are on the whole concise and sufficiently labeled. The volume is concerned primarily with the surgical aspects of intraabdominal trauma or disease, the breast and the lymphatic system, and the
Reduction in Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease in Men Residing at High Altitude
Authors: Edward A. Mortimer, Richard R. Monson, Brian MacMahon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

In New Mexico, where inhabited areas vary from 914 to over 2135 m above sea level, we compared age-adjusted mortality rates for arteriosclerotic heart disease for white men and women for the years 1957-1970 in five sets of counties, grouped by altitude in 305-m (1000-foot) increments. The results show a serial decline in mortality from the lowest to the highest altitude for males but not for females. Mortality rates for males residing in the county groups higher than 1220 m in order of ascending altitude were 98, 90, 86 and 72 per cent of that for the county group below 1220-m altitude (P less than 0.0001). The results do not appear to be explained by artifacts in ascertainment, variations in ethnicity or urbanization. A possible explanation of the trend is that adjustment to residence at high altitude is incomplete and daily activities therefore represent greater exercise than when undertaken at lower altitudes.
Fluctuations in the blood flow of forearm skin
Authors: N.T.S. Evans, P.F.D. Naylor, B.McA. Sayers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Journal Article Fluctuations in the blood flow of forearm skin Get access N.T.S. Evans, N.T.S. Evans St. Thomas’ Hospital, London S.E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.F.D. Naylor, P.F.D. Naylor St. Thomas’ Hospital, London S.E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.McA. Sayers B.McA. Sayers St. Thomas’ Hospital, London S.E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue s11, 1 July 1975, Page 25, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06776.x Published: 01 July 1975
Benign Parturient Purpura
Authors: Jonathan K. Wilkin
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor. —  A petechial eruption in an obstetric patient is regarded as a serious sign requiring immediate investigation. Perhaps most ominous is the presence of petechiae in the skin that may herald the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Since 50% of persons with DIC are obstetric patients, 1 the concern of obstetricians for a petechial eruption is understood, especially when it obtains in a preeclamptic patient. Furthermore, in approximately 50% of cases of DIC, cutaneous lesions are the presenting sign. 2   However, a more common petechial rash is also seen in obstetric patients. We have often seen it in patients with mild preeclampsia, and it usually occurs in patients who vigorously pushed during the second stage of labor (Valsalva maneuvers that augment the expulsive forces of the uterus in the descent and birth of the fetal head).  Benign parturient purpura (BPP) is suggested by a triad of
NCAS performance assessment is seriously flawed
Authors: H. L. Birch
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The responsibility of healthcare workers to speak up about concerns features strongly in the Francis report.1 Doctors are well placed to blow the whistle on poor medical practices, but not until they are adequately protected. What better way to silence whistleblowing doctors than to devise a clinical assessment they can only ever fail? An absurd idea, but this is …
Iloprost reverses established fibrosis in experimental right ventricular failure
Authors: Jose Gomez-Arroyo, Masahiro Sakagami, Aamer A. Syed, Laszlo Farkas, Benjamin Van Tassell, Donatas Kraskauskas, Shiro Mizuno, Antonio Abbate, Harm J. Bogaard, Peter R. Byron, Norbert F. Voelkel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Prostacyclin and its analogues improve cardiac output and functional capacity in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We hypothesised that prostanoids have load-independent beneficial effects on the right ventricle (RV). Angio-obliterative PAH and RV failure were induced in rats with a single injection of SU5416 followed by 4 weeks of exposure to hypoxia. Upon confirmation of RV dysfunction and PAH, rats were randomised to 0.1 μg·kg −1 nebulised iloprost or drug-free vehicle, three times daily for 2 weeks. RV function and treadmill running time were evaluated pre- and post-iloprost/vehicle treatment. Pulmonary artery banded rats were treated 8 weeks after surgery to allow for significant RV hypertrophy. Inhaled iloprost significantly improved tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion and increased exercise capacity, while mean pulmonary artery pressure and the percentage of occluded pulmonary vessels remained unchanged. Rats treated with iloprost had a striking reduction in RV collagen deposition, procollagen mRNA levels and connective tissue growth factor expression in both SU5416/hypoxia and pulmonary artery banded rats. In vitro , cardiac fibroblasts treated with iloprost showed a reduction in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced connective tissue growth factor expression, in a protein kinase A-dependent manner. Iloprost decreased TGF-β1-induced procollagen mRNA expression as well as cardiac fibroblast activation and migration. Iloprost significantly induced metalloproteinase-9 gene expression and activity and increased the expression of autophagy genes associated with collagen degradation. Inhaled iloprost improves RV function and reverses established RV fibrosis partially by preventing collagen synthesis and by increasing collagen turnover.
Superiority of Clopidogrel Versus Aspirin in Patients With Prior Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Deepak L. Bhatt, Derek P. Chew, Alan T. Hirsch, Peter A. Ringleb, Werner Hacke, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —After coronary artery bypass surgery, patients have a high cumulative rate of graft closure and recurrent ischemic events. We sought to determine whether antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel would be more effective than aspirin, the accepted standard, in these patients. Methods and Results —The event rates for all-cause mortality, vascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and rehospitalization were determined for the 1480 patients with a history of cardiac surgery randomized to either clopidogrel or aspirin in a trial of 19 185 patients. The event rate per year of vascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or rehospitalization was 22.3% in the 705 patients randomized to aspirin and 15.9% in the 775 patients randomized to clopidogrel ( P =0.001). A risk reduction was also seen in each of the individual end points examined, including a 42.8% relative risk reduction in vascular death in patients on clopidogrel versus aspirin ( P =0.030). In a multivariate model incorporating baseline clinical characteristics, clopidogrel therapy was independently associated with a decrease in vascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or rehospitalization in patients with a history of cardiac surgery, with a 31.2% relative risk reduction (95% CI, 15.8 to 43.8; P =0.0003). Although clopidogrel therapy was efficacious in the entire Clopidogrel Versus Aspirin in Patients at Risk of Ischemic Events (CAPRIE) population, multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients with previous cardiac surgery derived particular benefit ( P =0.015). Conclusion —Compared with aspirin, clopidogrel therapy results in a striking reduction in the elevated risk for recurrent ischemic events seen in patients with a history of prior cardiac surgery, along with a decreased risk of bleeding.
False-Positive Axillary Lymph Node on FDG-PET/CT Scan Resulting From Immunization
Authors: Gethin Williams, Robin M. Joyce, J Anthony Parker
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

An initial CT of a 59-year-old man with increasing back pain and weight loss showed lymphadenopathy in multiple nodal beds. A biopsy showed diffuse, large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). After initial chemotherapy, residual disease prompted an autologous stem cell transplant. After a follow-up FDG-PET/CT scan showed no FDG-avid disease, a subsequent study showed FDG uptake in a nonenlarged left axillary lymph node. Questioning elicited a recent immunization history. A follow-up PET/CT scan showed no uptake in this lymph node and no disease recurrence. Without this history, an unnecessary biopsy or treatment may have ensued. Methods to avoid such occurrences are discussed.
Suicide Risk and the SSRIs
Authors: Simon Wessely, Robert Kerwin
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Modulation of hepcidin production during hypoxia-induced erythropoiesis in humans in vivo: data from the HIGHCARE project
Authors: Alberto Piperno, Stefania Galimberti, Raffaella Mariani, Sara Pelucchi, Giulia Ravasi, Carolina Lombardi, Grzegorz Bilo, Miriam Revera, Andrea Giuliano, Andrea Faini, Veronica Mainini, Mark Westerman, Tomas Ganz, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Giuseppe Mancia, Gianfranco Parati
Journal: Blood (2010)
Impact of resistant starch on colonic crypt cytokinetics and cell cycle regulatory genes
Authors: I. T Johnson
Journal: Gut (2009)

Food is an immensely complex and endlessly varied matrix, rich in polymers of plant and animal origin, some of which resist hydrolysis by human digestive enzymes. The upper gastrointestinal tract is exquisitely adapted for the extraction of energy and nutrients from food, but inevitably some undigested material passes from the ileum into the colon, where the host benefits from the much greater repertoire of hydrolytic enzymes deployed by the resident microflora. Interest in the fate and biological effects of unabsorbed food residues has waxed and waned since at least the 19th century, but the scientific investigation of polysaccharides resisting hydrolysis in the small intestine began in earnest in the 1970s, with the study of dietary fibre. Early definitions of fibre encompassed only plant cell wall polysaccharides and lignin, but efforts to standardise the measurement of these substances in food soon revealed that a significant fraction of dietary starch could also resist hydrolysis by pancreatic enzymes, both in vitro and during normal digestion in humans.1

Starch is the principal storage polysaccharide in plants utilised by humans as food. It consists of varying proportions of two polymers: amylose, a simple linear chain of glucose units linked by α1–4 bonds, and amylopectin, which is a more complex macromolecule containing shorter linear chains and α1–6-linked branches. In plant tissue, the starch polymers are packed into semicrystalline granules, which need to be hydrated and dispersed by cooking before they can be digested. Starch resists digestion for many reasons; in leguminous …