tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy and Standardization of Haemostatics
Authors: J. W. Pickering, A. Hemingway
Journal: BMJ (1926)

disturbance in the pyramidal and spino-thalamic tracts was found."It is necessary, however, to point out that later in the paper it is stated that the tumour in one of these cases, a small pointed chondroma, was placed in such a position that it could compress a small circumscribed area of cord in the region of the left spino-thalamic tract, and that in this case the sensory disturbances were confined to the right side.From personal observation it appears that uncomplicated compression of the spinal cord is commonly manifested by the following symptoms and signs, which as a rule present themselves in the order given:
No Stranger to Tears: A Surgeon's Story
Authors: William G. Abel
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<i>No Stranger to Tears</i>is the riveting, hard-to-put-down memoir of a pioneering surgeon. His education and career coincided with an epoch of numerous dramatic medical advances. Commencing with his childhood and recounting experiences that perhaps influenced his pathway to medical study, William G. Cahan traces his career through retirement. His long interest in the performing arts began with childhood piano lessons, harmony construction, and choral training, but his interest and subsequent contacts in the theater were augmented by his first wife, the daughter of the eminent Gertrude Lawrence. A wide acquaintance among performers, conductors, producers, and art patrons did not hurt his career. Cahan entered Columbia University College of Physicians &amp; Surgeons in 1935, before antibiotics, blood banks, cardiac surgery, and intensive care units, at a time when fluids were given subcutaneously, not intravenously. His accounts of medical student life should bring back fond memories for physicians and prove of
Expression of extracellular matrix in hair follicle mesenchyme in alopecia areata
Authors: A.J.G. MCDONAGH, LISA CAWOOD, A.G. MESSENGER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Human hair follicle mesenchyme contains a distinctive extracellular matrix which varies in volume and composition in concert with the hair growth cycle. To investigate the possibility that mesenchymal function is disturbed in alopecia areata we have studied the expression of extracellular matrix constituents in scalp biopsies from 14 patients by immunohistochemical staining for basement membrane proteins, proteoglycans and interstitial collagens. The staining patterns in follicles from non-lesional scalp were normal. Miniature anagen follicles from bald patches also showed relatively normal expression of basement membrane proteins and proteoglycans. However, in some large anagen follicles from lesional sites, there was loss of the normal staining pattern for chondroitin-6-sulphate in the dermal papilla. In lesional Catagen follicles, the glassy membranes showed marked convolution and thickening. These structures stained strongly for laminin and type IV collagen but only weakly for interstitial collagens.
Lung cancer: multidisciplinary approach for management: Cell and Molecular Biology Assembly contribution to the celebration of 20 years of the ERS
Authors: E. Brambilla
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

The Cell and Molecular Biology Assembly, in association with the Thoracic Oncology Assembly, has been leading a Task Force on an adenocarcinoma multidisciplinary classification, which includes histomolecular and radiological correlation as well as oncology and surgical management. With >1.3 million deaths annually 1, 2, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide 3, 4. The dismal prognosis of lung cancer is due to lack of early diagnostic tools, presentation at a late stage and an at best modest effect of chemotherapy. The major cause of lung cancer is tobacco smoking (85% of lung cancer). Major requirements in the fight against lung cancer can be met by tobacco smoking cessation, and by understanding the genetic and epigenetic origins of progression of the disease, since smokers remain at risk 15 yrs after cessation. In addition, recent epidemiological data point to a preoccupying increase in incidence of lung adenocarcinoma in never-smokers, particularly in females. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer in most countries, accounting for almost half of all lung cancer. Within lung adenocarcinoma, a widely divergent clinical, radiological, molecular and pathologic spectrum exists. In the past decade and despite spectacular advances in understanding of the molecular origins of lung cancer, there has remained a need for universally accepted criteria for adenocarcinoma histological subtypes and their histomolecular correlations.

The 2004 World Health Organization classification 5 has not been used on a widespread level among pathologists and medical oncologists, and while enormous resources are being spent on trials evaluating molecular and therapeutic aspects of adenocarcinoma, the development of standardised criteria for classification are of great importance to the advancement of the impact of research and the improvement of patient care. In their wide view of the lung cancer human problem and challenge, the International Association for …
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus-Reply
Authors: Gastone G. Celesia
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In Reply.—  Dr Wells emphasizes another important aspect of nonconvulsive status epilepticus—the occurrence of transient psychotic states associated with electroencephalographic evidence of continuous epileptogenic activity.  The clinical manifestations of nonconvulsive status are protean and have been described as twilight states, confusion, crazy behavior, stupor, lethargy, delirium, and psychosis. 1,2 All these clinical presentations of altered behavior have the common feature of sudden onset. Often there is a past history of seizures or other spells.  I agree with Dr Wells that only a constant awareness of these conditions and electroencephalographic recordings during these episodes will lead to the proper diagnosis of a nonconvulsive epileptic state.
Novel mutations in TNFRSF7/CD27: Clinical, immunologic, and genetic characterization of human CD27 deficiency
Authors: Omar K. Alkhairy, Ruy Perez-Becker, Gertjan J. Driessen, Hassan Abolhassani, Joris van Montfrans, Stephan Borte, Sharon Choo, Ning Wang, Kiki Tesselaar, Mingyan Fang, Kirsten Bienemann, Kaan Boztug, Ana Daneva, Francoise Mechinaud, Thomas Wiesel, Christian Becker, Gregor Dückers, Kathrin Siepermann, Menno C. van Zelm, Nima Rezaei, Mirjam van der Burg, Asghar Aghamohammadi, Markus G. Seidel, Tim Niehues, Lennart Hammarström
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Intrafamilial Spread of Methicillin-Resistant &lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/emph&gt; Infections
Authors: Henry R. Bloom
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Local immune responses in certain extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: J T Halla, R E Schrohenloher, W J Koopman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Significant progress has been made in the characterisation of immunological events occurring in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Synthesis in the synovium of immunoreactants present in locally deposited immune complexes has been well documented. -1 These local humoral immune responses almost certainly play a part in the perpetuation of tissue injury in the joint and perhaps in the initial development of the articular manifestations of RA.1 2 Extra-articular manifestations of RA are well recognised and include involvement of the pleura, pericardium, and muscle.Their occur- rence increases with the duration and severity of the peripheral joint disease.'The term 'rheu- matoid disease' is preferred when considering extra-articular manifestations to indicate the systemic nature of the disease.Many extra- articular manifestations of RA are attributed to vasculitis, or remain undefined pathogenetically.1-l'3Studies have provided insights about the possible part played by local humoral immune responses in the pathogenesis of at least some extra-articular manifestations of RA.'`'8This paper reviews the evidence suggesting that local humoral immune responses occur in some extra-articular manifestations of RA and considers the implications of these observations.
Immediate effect of vagotomy on pancreatic insulin secretion.
Authors: I Nordback, E Harju
Journal: Gut (1991)

The effect of vagotomy and gastric resection on insulin secretion was examined by the glucagon stimulated C-peptide test in gastrectomy patients (n = 11) without truncal vagotomy and in total gastrectomy patients (n = 10) with truncal vagotomy. The test was performed twice in each patient: 10 minutes after the midline incision was made and then 60 to 90 minutes later when gastric resection or total gastrectomy was completed, during the reconstructive phase of the operation. Gastric resection without truncal vagotomy was followed by a higher increase (48%) in serum C-peptide concentration caused by glucagon stimulation than total gastrectomy with truncal vagotomy (13%). There was a significant (p less than 0.05) increase in the glucagon stimulated glucose-related C-peptide concentration in patients without truncal vagotomy, whereas truncal vagotomy inhibited this increase. These results suggest that truncal vagotomy will produce a reduction in stimulated insulin secretion in humans.
Working memory and sentence comprehension: Whose burden of proof?
Authors: Arthur Wingfield
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Caplan &amp; Waters argue that the processing resources used for sentence comprehension are not drawn from an undifferentiated verbal working memory resource. This commentary cites data from normal aging to support this position. Still lacking in theory development is a specification of the transient memory representations necessary for interpretive and post-interpretive operations.
Long-term Renal and Neurologic Outcomes Among Survivors of Diethylene Glycol Poisoning
Authors: Laura Conklin, James J. Sejvar, Stephanie Kieszak, Raquel Sabogal, Carlos Sanchez, Dana Flanders, Felicia Tulloch, Gerardo Victoria, Giselle Rodriguez, Nestor Sosa, Michael A. McGeehin, Joshua G. Schier
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

At least 13 medication-associated diethylene glycol (DEG) mass poisonings have occurred since 1937. To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study characterizing long-term health outcomes among survivors beyond the acute poisoning period.
Normal mouse peritoneum contains a large population of Ly-1+ (CD5) B cells that recognize phosphatidyl choline. Relationship to cells that secrete hemolytic antibody specific for autologous erythrocytes.
Authors: T J Mercolino, L W Arnold, L A Hawkins, G Haughton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

We have found that, in the peritoneums of normal adult mice, 5-15% of lymphocytes bind a fluorescent liposome probe. In ontogeny, cells with this specificity were shown to appear by 8 d after birth, and increase to the adult frequency by 2-3 wk. Some older mice contain an expanded population of these cells. We have shown that liposome binding occurs by cell surface IgM recognizing the common membrane phospholipid, phosphatidyl choline (PtC). Virtually all of these PtC-specific cells bear the cell surface marker Ly-1. Our results indicate that roughly 1 in 10 peritoneal Ly-1+ B cells has this single specificity. We have found that the precursors to all the cells that form plaques on protease-treated autologous erythrocytes (BrMRBC) are included in the PtC-specific population and can be isolated by FACS. We believe this is the first report of sorting large numbers of B cells with a single antigen specificity from normal, unimmunized animals. This method will allow for in vitro and in vivo studies of differentiative and proliferative properties of Ly-1+ B cells, which may help define their role in development and disease.
A Report on a Test of Mester's "Specific" Reaction in Rheumatic Cases
Authors: W. S. C. Copeman, W. Stewart
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1942)

T1HE need is urgent for a specific test which will differentiate cases of true rheumatism, of any type, from those which should not be placed in this category.As Messoloff wrote, " what we need is a specific reaction similar to the tuberculin test or the Wasser-- mann reaction, which could be used as an absolute criterion in the diagnosis of all rheumatic manifestations.Until then all work done on this disease is prone to the many pitfalls and subject to the many difficulties that the students of tuberculosis and syphilis had to contend with less than a generation ago."Me §ter2 has recently claimed that he has found such a reaction, which depends upon the special sensitivity of rheumatic patients to salicylic acid.His description of the test is as follows: The patients are resting and fasting.A count is made of the white blood cells, and after this count 1 c.c. of a 0-1 per cent.aqueous solution of salicylic acid is injected intradermally, forming five blebs of 0-2 c.c. each on the flexor aspect of the forearm, and after 30 minutes another white count is made.During this time the patient is forbidden to eat, drink, or make any effort.Nearly all rheumatic patients, acute, subacute or chronic, show after the injection a drop in the number of white cells after 30 minutes.The lowest figure regarded as positive was 15 per cent.below the level before injection, but diminutions as great as 50 to 70 per cent.were observed.The reaction appears to be positive in every kind of rheumatic infection-joints, heart, seroius membranes, nerves, eyes, etc.In a series 98 per cent. of rheumatic cases gave a positive result, while all controls were negative.Mester claimed that by the use of this test malingerers can be detected, and cas of arthritis which are not due to rheumatism -e.g., tuberculous or syphilitic-can be divided off, since the test is positive only in cases of rheumatic fever, subacute rheumatism and chronic rheumatoid arthritis.He points out, however, that the results of the test must be read in conjunction with the clinical findings, as is the case with all biological tests.Professor Lenoch3 carried out this test in 140 cases, divided 107 by copyright.
Selection by consequences
Authors: B. F. Skinner
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1984)

Abstract Human behavior is the joint product of (i) contingencies of survival responsible for natural selection, and (ii) contingencies of reinforcement responsible for the repertoires of individuals, including (iii) the special contingencies maintained by an evolved social environment. Selection by consequences is a causal mode found only in living things, or in machines made by living things. It was first recognized in natural selection: Reproduction, a first consequence, led to the evolution of cells, organs, and organisms reproducing themselves under increasingly diverse conditions. The behavior functioned well, however, only under conditions similar to those under which it was selected. Reproduction under a wider range of consequences became possible with the evolution of processes through which organisms acquired behavior appropriate to novel environments. One of these, operant conditioning, is a second kind of selection by consequences: New responses could be strengthened by events which followed them. When the selecting consequences are the same, operant conditioning and natural selection work together redundantly. But because a species which quickly acquires behavior appropriate to an environment has less need for an innate repertoire, operant conditioning could replace as well as supplement the natural selection of behavior. Social behavior is within easy range of natural selection, because other members are one of the most stable features of the environment of a species. The human species presumably became more social when its vocal musculature came under operant control. Verbal behavior greatly increased the importance of a third kind of selection by consequences, the evolution of social environments or cultures. The effect on the group, and not the reinforcing consequences for individual members, is responsible for the evolution of culture.
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>and hand eczema severity
Authors: P. Haslund, N. Bangsgaard, J.O. Jarløv, L. Skov, R. Skov, T. Agner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

The role of bacterial infections in hand eczema (HE) remains to be assessed.To determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in patients with HE compared with controls, and to relate presence of S. aureus, subtypes and toxin production to severity of HE.Bacterial swabs were taken at three different visits from the hand and nose in 50 patients with HE and 50 controls. Staphylococcus aureus was subtyped by spa typing and assigned to clonal complexes (CCs), and isolates were tested for exotoxin-producing S. aureus strains. The Hand Eczema Severity Index was used for severity assessment.Staphylococcus aureus was found on the hands in 24 patients with HE and four controls (P < 0.001), and presence of S. aureus was found to be related to increased severity of the eczema (P < 0.001). Patients carried identical S. aureus types on the hands and in the nose in all cases, and between visits in 90% of cases. Ten different CC types were identified, no association with severity was found, and toxin-producing strains were not found more frequently in patients with HE than in controls.Staphylococcus aureus was present on hands in almost half of all patients with HE, and was significantly related to severity of the disease. This association indicates that S. aureus could be an important cofactor for persistence of HE.
The Great Game of Monopoly
Authors: Francis D. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Precisely what is a medical monopoly?This is a time of increasing pressure for open disclosure of the educational training and competence of hospital-staff members and recertification of their qualification to carry out hazardous procedures. At the same time there seem to be new accusations of "monopoly" applied to the National Colleges, Associations, Academies and Boards that seek to establish these credentials, not only for all the medical and surgical specialties but also for family practice.In recent newspaper articles and books — an example is Stevens's American Medicine and the Public Interest — the term "monopoly" is applied to . . .
IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE CROSS-REACTIVITY BETWEEN STREPTOCOCCAL AND STAPHYLOCOCCAL MUCOPEPTIDE
Authors: Walter W. Karakawa, Dietmar G. Braun, Henry Lackland, Richard M. Krause
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

Particulate mucopeptides of Group A-variant streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus, solubilized by ultrasonic treatment, give a precipitin reaction with the sera of rabbits immunized with Group A-variant streptococci. γ-G globulin antibodies have been recovered from these sera which react with the mucopeptides but not with the Group A-variant carbohydrate. The immunochemical basis for the cross-reactivity between the streptococcal and staphylococcal mucopeptides was investigated in detail. Three chemically different fractions have been isolated from enzymatic digests of staphylococcal mucopeptide and were employed as haptenic inhibitors of the precipitin reaction. A fraction consisting of the peptide moiety of mucopeptide was the strongest inhibitor, whereas the hexosamine-rich fraction was less effective. The third fraction, rich in glycine, was least effective. It is suggested that the immunologic cross-reactivity between streptococcal and staphylococcal mucopeptide is due to the fact that these two substances contain chemically similar tetrapeptides. The hexosamine polymer which is identical for both mucopeptides may also contribute to their cross-reactivity.
Cancer survivors report array of unmet needs many years after diagnosis
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Many cancer survivors face physical and mental challenges resulting from their disease and its treatment even decades after they are considered cured, a US study has found.

To assess cancer survivors’ unmet needs Mary Ann Burg, of the University of Central Florida in Orlando, and her colleagues looked at the responses from a survey by the American Cancer Society, to which 1514 cancer survivors had responded to the open ended question: “Please tell us about any needs you have now as a cancer survivor that ARE NOT being …
Gastric Cancer and the High Combination Prevalence of Host Cytokine Genotypes and Helicobacter pylori in Honduras
Authors: Douglas R. Morgan, Ricardo L. Dominguez, Temitope O. Keku, Paris E. Heidt, Christopher F. Martin, Joseph A. Galanko, Oluwaseun A. Omofoye, Robert S. Sandler
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2006)
Should reviewers of papers have their names published?
Authors: Ioannis Dimoliatis
Journal: BMJ (2004)

I recently reviewed a paper, which I ended up loving. I felt as though the paper was mine. Although my name is nowhere to be found in the published version, I am in there. I spent much time and effort on it: I wrote hundreds of words in recommendations, some of which were important and accepted by the authors, improving the first version of the manuscript and resulting in version two. Then a new cycle began. And all this depended on my dedication and voluntary contribution—at the expense of my own papers, and at the expense of building my own curriculum vitae. Reviewing does not seem to count for much. But why not? Shouldn't it?

Some two months later the editor asked me to review the second version of the manuscript. In doing so I felt—besides helping the authors and editors—a great responsibility to readers. I felt I needed to protect the readers from “junk information” and to contribute to the dissemination of the truth (and …
Hypercalcemia and Normal Ionized Serum Calcium in a Case of Myelomatosis
Authors: Folke Lindgärde, Olle Zettervall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

In a patient with myelomatosis and persistent increase of total serum calcium but without clinical hypercalcemic symptoms, the serum ionized calcium was normal. In contrast, ionized calcium was elevated in all serums from 14 other patients with hypercalcemic myelomatosis. The increased nonionized serum calcium in our patient was explained by the presence of a calcium-binding IgG myeloma globulin. Hypercalcemia caused by calcium-binding myeloma globulins does not seem to have been described earlier.