tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of hyperthyroidism on bronchial reactivity in non-asthmatic patients.
Authors: J A Roberts, A R McLellan, W D Alexander, N C Thomson
Journal: Thorax (1989)

Thyrotoxicosis may be associated with deterioration in asthma. To determine whether bronchial reactivity to histamine is increased in hyperthyroidism 10 thyrotoxic non-asthmatic patients were assessed before and after treatment of their thyrotoxicosis. No significant change in bronchial reactivity was found after treatment.
Psychosocial Slate of Patients With IDDM Prone to Recurrent Episodes of Severe Hypoglycemia
Authors: Regina AM Wredling, PG Töres Theorell, H Martin Roll, Per Eric S Lins, Ulf KC Adamson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the psychosocial situation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with recurrent attacks of severe hypoglycemia (SH). Research Design and Methods The study group consisted of 17 adult patients with SH and 17 patients matched to the study group with regard to sex, age, and duration of diabetes without severe attacks. The psychosocial situation was measured by means of self-rated questionnaires and an observer's rating scale. Results Parameters such as social support, life events, type A behavior, neuroticism, and vital exhaustion were not different, although a higher anxiety rating (P &amp;lt;0.05) and a lower rating of happiness (P &amp;lt;0.01) were found in the SH group. Conclusions We conclude that the anxiety level is increased and that experienced happiness is decreased in patients prone to recurrent severe hypoglycemia.
France targets tobacco industry to raise cash for global health
Authors: P. Benkimoun
Journal: BMJ (2011)

France is considering introducing an innovative new additional tax on the tobacco industry, in an effort to reduce the number of deaths from tobacco related illnesses. It is estimated that there are 60 000 deaths a year in France from these illnesses.

The proposed new tax, which would raise money to be used in France and in the developing world, is inspired by Unitaid, the international facility to buy drugs for developing countries. Unitaid’s main source of funding is a levy on airplane tickets.

France’s …
ADHERENCE, PREDICTORS OF ADHERENCE AND OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH SELF-CARE RECOMMENDATIONS AMONG HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Authors: Catherine Norton, Vasiliki Georgiopoulou, Andreas Kalogeropoulos, Lucy Fike, Grigorios Giamouzis, Sonjoy Laskar, Robert Cole, Andrew Smith, Wilson W.H. Tang, Sandra Dunbar, Javed Butler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Permissive roles of hematopoietin and cytokine tyrosine kinase receptors in early T-cell development
Authors: Christina T. Jensen, Charlotta Böiers, Shabnam Kharazi, Anna Lübking, Tobias Rydén, Mikael Sigvardsson, Ewa Sitnicka, Sten Eirik W. Jacobsen
Journal: Blood (2007)
Are We Underestimating Diabetes-Related Lower-Extremity Amputation Rates?
Authors: Gerry Rayman, Singhan T.M. Krishnan, Neil R. Baker, Alison M. Wareham, Anne Rayman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

The objective of this study was to accurately determine the incidence of lower-extremity amputation using prospective data collection and to compare the results with those obtained by retrospective methods.The study was carried out over a 3-year period in a large district general hospital covering a clearly defined and relatively static population. All diabetic inpatients with foot problems were identified and followed-up until discharge or death. The demographic and admission details, medical history, investigations, procedures, and history and etiology of the foot lesion were collected twice weekly by a specialist nurse and podiatrist from all relevant wards. Thus, all subjects who underwent amputation could be identified. For comparison, retrospective data were collected from the hospital coding activities database, operating theater log books, anesthetic database, and limb-fitting records.The total population of the region in 2000 was 337,859, of which 9,183 were known to have diabetes. The total number of amputations during the 3-year survey period was 79, of which 45 were major and 34 minor. In our local population, the mean incidence during the survey period (1997-2000) equates to 7.8/100,000 general population and 2.85/1,000 diabetic population for all amputations, 4.5/100,000 general population and 1.62/1,000 diabetic population for major amputations, and 3.3/100,000 general population and 1.23/1,000 diabetic population for minor amputations. The prospective survey detected all lower-extremity amputations identified by the various retrospective methods; however, for the reverse, this was not the case. All of the retrospective methods, including the most commonly used (ICD-9 and OPCS-4 coding), failed to detect all of the cases revealed by the prospective survey (error rate ranging from 4.2 to 90.6%), and between 4.5 and 17.4% of amputations were misclassified.This study demonstrates the advantages of prospective data collection as a means of determining the incidence of lower-extremity amputations and highlights the limitations of retrospective data collection methods, which underestimate the incidence. In particular, the operating theater records, which have been the gold standard for many surveys, were found to be unreliable. Moreover, we have shown a 47% reduction in the major amputations during the survey period. Thus, we recommend that a prospective audit be incorporated into the activities of the specialist foot care team as a means of assessing and improving clinical care.
Hepatosplenomegalic lipidosis: what unless Gaucher? Adult cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD) with anemia, mesenteric lipodystrophy, increased plasma chitotriosidase activity and a homozygous lysosomal acid lipase −1 exon 8 splice junction mutation
Authors: Stephan vom Dahl, Klaus Harzer, Arndt Rolfs, Bettina Albrecht, Claus Niederau, Christoph Vogt, Sonja van Weely, Johannes Aerts, Gerd Müller, Dieter Häussinger
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Successful Pregnancy after Surgery and Supervoltage Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Dysgerminoma
Authors: James A. Whelton, Robert J. Fallon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

A REVIEW of the recent literature indicates that continued controversy exists concerning the best mode of therapy for the patient with ovarian dysgerminoma. The conservative approach is strongly supported by the excellent results cited by Brody1 in a large series of cases treated at the Radiumhemmet. Conversely, Pedowitz et al.2 , 3 who have analyzed cases from diverse institutions, tend to favor radical therapy, with subsequent loss of reproductive capacity. Reports of successful pregnancy after conservative surgery, with or without supple-mental radiation treatment for localized dysgerminoma, have previously been reported.1 , 4 5 6 In the case reported below, metastases to the para-aortic lymph nodes were . . .
Elevated High-Density Lipoprotein Levels in Marathon Runners
Authors: Marvin M. Adner
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The data base of a prospective long-term study of 50 distance runners and 43 controls indicated that the runners had significantly lower pulse rates and relative weights and elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels. There was no difference in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures or triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. Relative weight and triglyceride levels did not appear to be causal factors in producing HDL elevation. It is possible that in some way distance running results in HDL-cholesterol elevation. If the inverse correlation between HDL-cholesterol concentration and development of coronary artery disease is correct, then distance runners should have a lower risk of developing coronary artery disease than nonrunners.
Response of the left ventricle in coronary artery disease to postextrasystolic potentiation.
Authors: R I Hamby, A Aintablian, G Wisoff, M L Hartstein
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Left ventricular volumes and contractile patterns were evaluated during the first sinus beat after a compensatory pause resulting from ventricular arrhythmia and were compared to the second sinus beat (control beat) in order to evaluate the effect of postextrasystolic potentiation. Twelve patients had no evidence of heart disease (group I). Fifty patients had coronary artery disease and included 14 patients (group IIa) with no prior myocardial infarction and a normal left ventricular contractile pattern and 19 pateints (group IIb) with an abnormal contractile pattern. Seventeen pateints (group IIc) had a documented transmural myocardial infarction as well as an abnormal left ventricular contractile pattern. In all patients the first postextrasystolic sinus beat, when compared to the second sinus beat, demonstrated increases in stroke volume and ejection fraction and decrease in end-systolic volume. There were no qualitative changes in the contractile pattern in the immediate postextrasystolic beat in the patients with normal left ventricular function. In both group IIb and group IIc the changes in end-systolic volume, stroke volume and ejection fraction were significantly greater than observed in groups I and IIa. Abnormal wall segments present in the control beat in groups IIb and IIc demonstrated after postextrasystolic potentiation a normal contractile pattern, improved pattern or no change when compared to the control beat. Abnormal wall segments were more likely to revert to normal as a result of postextrasystolic potentiation in group IIb than group IIc. Akinesia was less likely to revert completely to normal than hyposinesia. In 20 of 24 patients the changes in contractile pattern after aortocoronary bypass surgery corresponded to those observed as a result of postextrasystolic potentiation.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for diagnosis of an infectious mediastinal mass and/or lymphadenopathy:
Authors: C. Chaya, V. Schnadig, P. Gupta, R. Logrono, M. Bhutani
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) can be useful in the diagnosis of infection, providing material for both cytomorphologic diagnosis and for fungal/mycobacterial cultures. We present here three cases where EUS provided a diagnosis of mediastinal infection.
Abstract P1-13-02: Analysis of the NNBC 3-Europe trial: Addition of docetaxel to anthracycline containing adjuvant chemotherapy in high risk node-negative breast cancer patients.
Authors: Christoph Thomssen, Eva-Johanna Kantelhardt, Christoph Meisner, Martina Vetter, Marcus Schmidt, Pierre-Marie Martin, Corinne Veyret, Doris Augustin, Volker Hanf, Daniela Paepke, Fred CGJ Sweep, Manfred Schmitt, Gunter von Minchwitz, Fritz Jaenicke, Nadia Harbeck
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Withdrawn by Author Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-13-02.
Regulation of T-cell-mediated lympholysis by the murine major histocompatibility complex. I. Preferential in vitro responses to trinitrophenyl-modified self K- and D-coded gene products in parental and F1 hybrid mouse strains.
Authors: R B Levy, G M Shearer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

Spleen cells from H-2b,k,d C57Bl/10 congenic mice were sensitized in vitro to trinitrobenzenesulfonate (TNBS)-modified autologous spleen cells. Cold target competition studies at the lytic phase demonstrated three distinct patterns of cytotoxic responsiveness: (a) H-2b spleen cells generated approximately equivalent CTL responses against Kb and Db modified self products, (b) H-2d spleen cells generated preferential responses against Dd modified self products, and (c) H-2k spleen cells generated cytotoxic responses which could only be detected against Kk self products in association with TNP. F1 spleen cells were sensitized against autologous TNBS-treated cells. The results showed that, although H-2b parental cells generated approximately equivalent Kb-TNP- and Db-TNP-specific CTL, the presence of the H-2b haplotype did not result in the generation of (a) Dk-TNP CTL response by (H-2b x H-2k) spleen cells, nor (b) a Db CTL response by (H-2b x H-2a) F1 spleen cells. Additionally, (H-2d x H-2k) F1 cells failed to generate detectable Dd-TNP-specific CTL, although H-2d parental cells generated D-regional-specific CTL. The findings demonstrated that these F1 response patterns paralleled those of the H-2k and H-2a parents, i.e. weak or no D-region TNP-specific CTL were induced. Because (H-2d x H-2a) F1 responders stimulated with H-2d TNBS-treated cells did generate good Dd TNP responses, the results illustrated that the presence of responder genes was not sufficient to result in a D-region TNP CML. It is suggested that the absence of Kk alleles on the stimulating population is necessary for the generation of D-region TNP CTL in these F1's. Mechanisms which could account for these response patterns in parental F1 mice are discussed including immunodominance, suppression, T-cell response , and Ir-gene defects.
Abstract 4083: Inhibition of constitutive aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling attenuates androgen indepenent signaling and growth in (C4-2) prostate cancer cells.
Authors: Cindy Tran, Oliver Richmond, LaTayia Aaron, Joann B. Powell
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a member of the basic-helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors. AhR mediates the biochemical and toxic effects of a number of polyaromatic hydrocarbons such as 2,3,7,8,-tetrachloro-dibenzo-dioxin (TCDD). AhR is widely known for regulating the transcription of drug metabolizing enzymes involved in the xenobiotic metabolism of carcinogens and therapeutic agents, such as cytochrome P450-1B1 (CYP1B1). Additionally, AhR has also been reported to interact with multiple signaling pathways during prostate development. Here we investigate the effect of sustained AhR signaling on androgen receptor function in prostate cancer cells. Immunoblot analysis shows that AhR expression is increased in androgen independent (C4-2) prostate cancer cells when compared to androgen sensitive (LNCaP) cells. RT-PCR studies revealed constitutive AhR signaling in C4-2 cells without the ligand induced activation required in LNCaP cells. A reduction of AhR activity by pharmacologic inhibitors or short RNA mediated silencing in C4-2 cells reduced expression of both AhR and androgen responsive genes. The decrease in androgen responsive genes correlates to a decrease in phosphorylated androgen receptor and androgen receptor expression in the nucleus. Furthermore, the forced decrease in AhR expression resulted in a 50% decline in the growth rate of C4-2 cells. These data indicates that AhR is required to maintain hormone independent signaling and growth by the androgen receptor in C4-2 cells. Collectively, these data provide evidence of a direct role for AhR in androgen independent signaling and provides insight into the molecular mechanisms responsible for sustained androgen receptor signaling in hormone refractory prostate cancer. Citation Format: Cindy Tran, Oliver Richmond, LaTayia Aaron, Joann B. Powell. Inhibition of constitutive aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling attenuates androgen indepenent signaling and growth in (C4-2) prostate cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4083. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4083
Fluid and Electrolyte Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: M. HENRY GAULT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

One or more of the following complications developed in five patients during peritoneal dialysis: hypovolemia, hypernatremia, alkalosis, and hyperglycemia. Possible causes are considered, and the composition and use of commercially available dialysis solutions are reviewed. The relatively high sodium and lactate content of some solutions predisposes to hypernatremia and alkalosis, which occur particularly when rapid dialysate fluid and weight loss are associated with hypertonic solutions. Complications are commonest with 7% dextrose solutions, which are seldom necessary. Excessive fluid loss may occur with 1.5% dextrose solutions, particularly in patients receiving recurrent peritoneal dialysis. The value of a 0.5% dextrose solution with 135 mEq/liter of sodium and 34.5 mEg/liter of lactate under special circumstances is illustrated. Dialysis solutions should be chosen from a group with various tonicities and electrolyte compositions after consideration of the patient's serum osmolality, concentrations of serum sodium and bicarbonate, state of fluid balance, and glucose tolerance. Changes can then be made as necessary, as these factors are reevaluated at intervals during dialysis. Complications can ordinarily be prevented by anticipating problems and appropriate management.
Sema3a maintains normal heart rhythm through sympathetic innervation patterning
Authors: Masaki Ieda, Hideaki Kanazawa, Kensuke Kimura, Fumiyuki Hattori, Yasuyo Ieda, Masahiko Taniguchi, Jong-Kook Lee, Keisuke Matsumura, Yuichi Tomita, Shunichiro Miyoshi, Kouji Shimoda, Shinji Makino, Motoaki Sano, Itsuo Kodama, Satoshi Ogawa, Keiichi Fukuda
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
US will no longer use vaccination programs as cover for spy operations, White House says
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) will no longer use vaccination programs as a cover for its spy operations, a White House official has told US public health school deans, who nearly a year ago wrote to President Barack Obama protesting against the practice.

In the best known instance of such operations CIA agents employed a Pakistani doctor, Shakil Afridi, to pose as …
Lessons Learned From Molecular Biology of Insulin-Gene Mutations
Authors: Donald F Steiner, Howard S Tager, Shu Jin Chan, Kishio Nanjo, Tokio Sanke, Arthur H Rubenstein
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

Studies on naturally occurring and man-made mutations in the insulin gene have provided new insights into insulin biosynthesis, action, and metabolism. Ten families have been identified in which one or more members have single-point mutations in their insulin genes that result in amino acid substitutions within the proinsulin molecule. Six of these cause the secretion of biologically defective insulin molecules due to changes within the A or B chains. Replacing A3-Val with Leu, B24-Phe with Ser, or B25-Phe with Leu results in molecules that have essentially normal immunoreactivity but greatly reduced insulin-receptor-binding potency. Individuals with these mutations have a syndrome of mild diabetes or glucose intolerance, which is inherited in an autosomal-dominant mode and is associated with hyperinsulinemia and altered insulin-C-peptide ratios. Although affected individuals are heterozygous and coexpress both normal and abnormal molecules, the elevated circulating insulin consists mainly of the biologically defective form, which accumulates because it fails to be rapidly metabolized via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Four additional families have mutations that are associated with relatively asymptomatic hyperproinsulinemia. A point mutation affecting proinsulin occurs in 3 of the 4 families, leading to replacement of Arg-65 by His, which prevents recognition of the C-peptide-A-chain dibasic cleavage site by the appropriate beta-cell processing protease and results in the circulation of a type II proinsulin intermediate form (des 64, 65 HPI). Members of a fourth family with hyperproinsulinemia have a substitution of B10-His with Asp, resulting in a proinsulin that exhibits markedly altered subcellular sorting behavior.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography
Authors: Martin J. Lipton
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The purpose of this latest edition has not changed, providing an updated and expanded handbook for all cardiologists and radiologists who are involved in the day-to-day practice of cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography. The book contains excellent chapters on the proper utilization of radiology equipment and lucid, concise sections on established percutaneous and arteriotomy techniques, in addition to methods of transseptal and balloon-tipped catheterization. Special attention is given to infants and children. Basic principles are de scribed in an organized and efficient style. Modern concepts and methods for obtaining hemodynamic measurements, as well as ventricular dimensions, are also discussed and well documented. The text and references are pertinent and adequate, but deliberately not exhaustive. The well-designed illustrations are simple and practical, resulting in enhanced clarity of purpose. Interpretation of findings has wisely been separated from those sections dealing with technique, which is helpful in enabling pertinent integration of the hemodynamic data
Endoscopic closure of the natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) access site to the peritoneal cavity by means of transmural resorbable sutures: an animal survival study
Authors: D. von Renteln, A. Eickhoff, G. Kaehler, B. Riecken, K. Caca
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de D. von Renteln et al., pp. 154Endoscopy 2009; 41(02): 252-252DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306734
Opposing regulation of the locus encoding IL-17 through direct, reciprocal actions of STAT3 and STAT5
Authors: Xiang-Ping Yang, Kamran Ghoreschi, Scott M Steward-Tharp, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales, Jinfang Zhu, John R Grainger, Kiyoshi Hirahara, Hong-Wei Sun, Lai Wei, Golnaz Vahedi, Yuka Kanno, John J O'Shea, Arian Laurence
Journal: Nature Immunology (2011)
Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: ROGER K. LARSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

The prevalence of abnormalities of pulmonary function among 156 relatives of 61 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was found to be significantly higher than the prevalence in a control group of their spouses. No relationship of this increased familial prevalence to alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency could be demonstrated. This provides further evidence that at least some chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be genetically determined and that this may be independent of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Heredity and smoking probably contribute about equally to the likelihood of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The Federal Regulation of Medical Devices
Authors: David A. Kessler, Stuart M. Pape, David N. Sundwall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

BEFORE 1976, medical devices could be marketed without review by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Periodic attempts to regulate some devices as drugs for which the agency did require premarketing clearance proved to be cumbersome and inadequate. Spurred by the increased technological complexity of devices and mounting disclosures of shortcomings involving pacemakers, intrauterine devices, and intraocular lenses, Congress enacted the comprehensive Medical Device Amendments of 1976 to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.1 2 3 4 The primary purpose of the amendments was to ensure that new devices were safe and effective before they were marketed.In the past few . . .