tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Late abortion statistics are published after pro-life group wins court ruling
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Twenty six abortions were performed in England and Wales between 2002 and 2010 because the fetuses had cleft lips or palates, figures released after a High Court judgment show.

One, in 2005, was after 24 weeks’ gestation, the cut-off point after which abortions are legal only if (apart from cases of serious risk to the mother) there is a substantial risk that the baby would be seriously handicapped.

The Department of Health for England stopped publishing figures for abortions performed on the ground of fetal abnormality in 2003, after what the Department of Justice’s Information Tribunal called a “media …
Sparing effect of neurological deficit and trauma on the course of adjuvant arthritis in the rat.
Authors: L J Courtright, W C Kuzell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1965)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The maternal brain displays considerable plasticity, and motherhood is associated with changes in affective and cognitive function. Motherhood can alter the trajectory of brain ageing, including modifications to neuroplasticity and cognition. Here, we investigated the short- and long-term effects of motherhood on hippocampal neurogenesis, microglial density and morphology, and circulating cytokines, domains known to be altered with age and implicated in cognition and mood. Female rats were bred then euthanized during gestation or at various postpartum timepoints, culminating in middle age, and nulliparous rats served as age-matched controls. Hippocampal neurogenesis was significantly suppressed during gestation and the postpartum period. Interestingly, neurogenesis declined significantly in middle-aged nulliparous rats, but increased in primiparous rats across the same period. Transient postpartum adaptations to the neuroimmune environment of the hippocampus were evidenced, as Iba-1-immunoreactive microglia assumed a de-ramified morphology followed by increased density. Intriguingly, ageing-related changes in circulating cytokines were dependent on parity. These adaptations in neurogenic and immune processes may have ramifications for maternal mood and cognition across the peripartum period and beyond.
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor from pulmonary artery and vein possesses pharmacologic and chemical properties identical to those of nitric oxide radical.
Authors: L J Ignarro, R E Byrns, G M Buga, K S Wood
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The objective of this study was to elucidate the close similarity in properties between endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) and nitric oxide radical (NO). Whenever possible, a comparison was also made between arterial and venous EDRF. In vascular relaxation experiments, acetylcholine and bradykinin were used as endothelium-dependent relaxants of isolated rings of bovine intrapulmonary artery and vein, respectively, and NO was used to relax endothelium-denuded rings. Oxyhemoglobin produced virtually identical concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on both endothelium-dependent and NO-elicited relaxation. Oxyhemoglobin and oxymyoglobin lowered cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels, increased tone in unrubbed artery and vein, and abolished the marked accumulation of vascular cGMP caused both by endothelium-dependent relaxants and by NO. The marked inhibitory effects of oxyhemoglobin on arterial and venous relaxant responses and cGMP accumulation as well as its contractile effects were abolished or reversed by carbon monoxide. These observations indicate that EDRF and NO possess identical properties in their interactions with oxyhemoproteins. Both EDRF from artery and vein and NO activated purified soluble guanylate cyclase by heme-dependent mechanisms, thereby revealing an additional similarity in heme interactions. Spectrophotometric analysis disclosed that the characteristic shift in the Soret peak for hemoglobin produced by NO was also produced by an endothelium-derived factor released from washed aortic endothelial cells by acetylcholine or A23187. Pyrogallol, via the action of superoxide anion, markedly inhibited the spectral shifts, relaxant effects, and cGMP accumulating actions produced by both EDRF and NO. Superoxide dismutase enhanced the relaxant and cGMP accumulating effects of both EDRF and NO. Thus, EDRF and NO are inactivated by superoxide in a closely similar manner. We conclude, therefore, that EDRF from artery and vein is either NO or a chemically related radical species.
Bull's-Eye Maculopathy
Authors: Hugo Mesquita Nogueira, Rita Dinis Gama
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

A 64-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus and normal renal function had received chloroquine at a dose of 3.24 mg per kilogram of lean body weight per day for 6 years (cumulative dose, 390 g). After 3 years of therapy, she noticed bilateral, progressive visual loss, which continued for the remaining 3 years. Two years after discontinuing the chloroquine, she presented to our hospital for further management. An ophthalmologic examination at this time revealed a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 in the right eye and 20/100 in the left eye, and funduscopy revealed a concentric zone of hypopigmentation around both . . .
Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and Maternally Reported Developmental Milestones in Infancy
Authors: Chunyuan Fei, Joseph K. McLaughlin, Loren Lipworth, Jørn Olsen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) are fluorinated organic compounds present in the general population at low concentrations. Animal studies have shown that they may affect neuromuscular development at high concentrations.We investigated the association between plasma levels of PFOS and PFOA in pregnant women and motor and mental developmental milestones of their children.We randomly selected 1,400 pairs of pregnant women and their children from the Danish National Birth Cohort. PFOS and PFOA were measured in maternal blood samples taken in early pregnancy. Apgar score was abstracted from the National Hospital Discharge Register in Denmark. Developmental milestones were reported by mothers using highly structured questionnaires when the children were around 6 months and 18 months of age.Mothers who had higher levels of PFOA and PFOS gave birth to children who had similar Apgar scores and reached virtually all of the development milestones at the same time as children born to mothers with lower exposure levels. Children who were born to mothers with higher PFOS levels were slightly more likely to start sitting without support at a later age.We found no convincing associations between developmental milestones in early childhood and levels of PFOA or PFOS as measured in maternal plasma early in pregnancy.
Connective-Tissue Disease and Rheumatoid Factors in Patients with Renal Transplants
Authors: Marion Waller, Robert Irby, Franklin Mullinax, Elam G. Toone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

AN impressive body of experimental evidence can be summarized by the statement that graft rejection is initiated by an immunologic process.1 Similarly, there is evidence that immunologic events may determine certain features of rheumatic disease in man.2 Furthermore, there are at least superficial resemblances between the graft-versus-host response and the generalized connective-tissue diseases.3 For these reasons, attention is naturally paid to the possible occurrence of connective-tissue alterations in patients harboring grafted tissues. Our interest in this problem was stimulated by the observation that certain patients with renal transplants had evidence of rheumatic disease and a change from negative to positive . . .
Sex Differences in the Association Between Proinsulin and Intact Insulin With Coronary Heart Disease in Nondiabetic Older Adults
Authors: Jee-Young Oh, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Nicole M. Wedick
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Insulin or insulin resistance is considered a coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor, but proinsulin may have a stronger association with CHD than insulin. The role of sex differences in this association is unclear. We examined the cross-sectional association of proinsulin and insulin with CHD in older men and women without diabetes. Methods and Results — A cross-sectional study of community-dwelling men (n=554) and women (n=902), 50 to 97 years of age, without diabetes by history or oral glucose tolerance test, was done between 1992 and 1996; plasma levels of intact insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide were measured by radioimmunoassay. Based on questionnaire, medical history, or ECG abnormalities, 25% of men (n=136) and 24% of women (n=214) had prevalent CHD. All insulin variables were positively correlated with CHD risk factors. Compared with those without CHD, men and women with CHD had significantly higher levels of proinsulin. Women but not men with CHD also had higher levels of C-peptide and fasting and postchallenge insulin. Only proinsulin was significantly and independently associated with prevalent CHD in both men (OR=2.41, 1.42 to 4.11) and women (OR=1.80, 1.22 to 2.64) (adjusted for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol). Similar analyses for fasting and postchallenge intact insulin and for C-peptide showed that among these three variables, only postchallenge insulin was significantly associated with CHD, and only in women. Conclusions — In older nondiabetic men and women, proinsulin was more strongly and consistently associated with CHD than was intact insulin.
CT coronary angiography was more accurate than stress testing for diagnosing CAD, especially in patients at intermediate risk
Authors: Paul Heidenreich
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club19 October 2010CT coronary angiography was more accurate than stress testing for diagnosing CAD, especially in patients at intermediate riskPaul Heidenreich, MD, MSPaul Heidenreich, MD, MSVA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA (P.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-8-201010190-02009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationWeustink AC, Mollet NR, Neefjes LA, et al. Diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of noninvasive testing for coronary artery disease. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:630-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20479028Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Hospitalists: Cardiology: References1 Garber AM, Solomon NA. Cost-effectiveness of alternative test strategies for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:719-28. [PMID: 10357690] Google Scholar2 Kuntz KM, Fleischmann KE, Hunink MG, Douglas PS. Cost-effectiveness of diagnostic strategies for patients with chest pain. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:709-18. [PMID: 10357689] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA (P.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 October 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 October 2010Volume 153, Issue 8Page: JC4-9KeywordsAngiographyComputed axial tomographyCoronary arteriesExercisePatientsStable coronary artery diseaseStenosisStent implantationSurgeryThorax ePublished: 19 October 2010 Issue Published: 19 October 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Ethnic differences in incidence of severe burns and scalds to children in Birmingham.
Authors: V. Vipulendran, J. C. Lawrence, R. Sunderland
Journal: BMJ (1989)

haemoperitoneum,4 and, more recently, in association with adrenal haemorrhage (B Karpe, T Nybonde, 35th international congress of British Association of Paediatric Surgeons, Athens, 1988).The sign of inguinal bruising suggests blood within the spermatic cord, and leakage presumably occurs at the origin of the external spermatic fascia from the external oblique aponeurosis at the superficial inguinal ring.These clinical features suggest that the testis will remain viable, whereas in neonatal torsion a necrotic testis is almost invariably found.'An operation should still be done to establish the diagnosis and drain the haematoma.I Btirge DMI.Neonatal testicular torsion and infarction: aetiology and manage-
Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and rosacea: report of 10 cases
Authors: D. Ioannides, E. Lazaridou, Z. Apalla, D. Devliotou-Panagiotidou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Certain medications, such as amiodarone or topical steroids, have been considered triggers or causal agents of rosacea or rosacea‐like eruptions.1 However, to our knowledge this is the first study reporting development of rosacea following administration of phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors (PDE5i). We report 10 men, with a mean age of 53·6 years, who attended our Department of Dermatology from January 2006 to January 2008, complaining of facial erythema, telangiectasias, burning sensation, photosensitivity and intermittent episodes of inflammation with papules, lasting for at least 4 months (Fig. 1a). Their personal medical history was unremarkable, except for the recent initiation of treatment with PDE5i for erectile dysfunction (ED) that was followed by the development of the previously described symptoms and signs. Only two patients reported sporadic episodes of transient erythema that preceded PDE5i initiation. The patients’ most significant clinical and histological features are summarized in Table 1. All 10 patients met the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of rosacea. Punch biopsies from the affected skin were performed. Ectatic venules and lymphatics with perivascular and perifollicular lymphohistiocytic and neutrophilic infiltration were the most prominent histological alterations (Fig. 1b). Additional histological features included moderate elastic tissue hyperplasia, slight oedema and mild actinic elastosis. The presence of the required clinical diagnostic criteria in combination with the histological features confirmed the diagnosis of rosacea. Seven of our 10 patients had the erythematotelangiectatic subtype, while three were classified as having the papulopustular subtype. All 10 individuals were of skin phototype II.
The diffuse and maeular atrophic dermatosis. A premature light degenerative heritable condition
Authors: D.V. Stevanovic
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article The diffuse and maeular atrophic dermatosis. A premature light degenerative heritable condition Get access D.V. Stevanovic D.V. Stevanovic Belgrade Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Pages 10–11, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14290.x Published: 01 December 1977
Points: Precipitation of laryngeal obstruction in acute epiglottitis
Authors: M H Yardley
Journal: BMJ (1985)

ments committees, grant awarding bodies, etc, are more impressed by the quantity than by the quality of published work.Unfortunately, the medical profession can- not seek guidance in proper behaviour from the scientific community, whose morals are questioned because of duplication and fraud.2Among so called pure scientists the ethic of "publish or perish" seems even more revered.Only when it is agreed that scientific communications are intended to further knowledge, rather than careers or egos, will we reach the peak of the present, senseless, exponential
Practical Experiences in Obtaining Informed Consent for a Vaccine Trial in Rural Africa
Authors: Marie-Pierre Préziosi, Ablaye Yam, Malick Ndiaye, Aminata Simaga, François Simondon, Steven G.F. Wassilak
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The Helsinki Declaration outlines clear ethical principles, including the basic concepts of informed consent, for physicians conducting biomedical research. There are guidelines for applying those principles specifically in research conducted in developing countries.14 One guideline allows a community-based approach to enrollment, according to which the decision whether or not to participate can be elicited through an intermediary, such as a trusted community leader, who helps convey information about the research to the people in the community.1 There is considerable debate about the appropriateness of obtaining individual informed consent in non-Western cultures.58 In the process of conducting a study . . .
Nicotine Replacement Therapy During Pregnancy
Authors: Neal L. Benowitz
Journal: JAMA (1991)

CIGARETTE smoking is a major preventable cause of fetal death and injury, yet many women continue to smoke cigarettes throughout pregnancy. The most effective pharmacologic adjunct to smoking cessation therapy is nicotine replacement, including nicotine chewing gum or transdermal nicotine. However, the use of nicotine replacement therapy is contraindicated during pregnancy. The analysis presented herein suggests that the benefits of nicotine replacement therapy to aid smoking cessation in pregnant women who cannot stop smoking without such therapy substantially outweigh the risks of continued smoking or the risks of nicotine replacement per se. <h3>PREVALENCE OF CIGARETTE SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY</h3> Although the prevalence of smoking has declined in recent years and many women quit smoking when they become pregnant, 20% to 25% of pregnant American women continue to smoke throughout pregnancy; many of these women are heavy smokers. The National Health Interview survey of women pregnant in 1985 or with a birth
Frequency of anti-recipient alloreactive helper T-cell precursors in donor blood and graft-versus-host disease after HLA-identical sibling bone-marrow transplantation
Authors: A.P. Schwarer, Y.Z. Jiang, A.J. Barrett, J.M. Goldman, P.A. Brookes, J.R. Batchelor, R.I. Lechler
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
A 44-Year-Old Woman With Severe Pain at the End of Life, 1 Year Later
Authors: Richard A. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Photobiological activity of suction blister fluid from patients treated with 8-methoxypsoralen
Authors: L. DUBERTRET, D. AVERBECK, P. PROGNON, J. BLAIS, P. VIGNY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Suction blister fluid was collected from normal human volunteers before (SBF) and 2 h after (SBF 8-MOP) oral 8-mcthoxypsoralen (0.6 mg/kg) ingestion without irradiation. In SBF 8-MOP the concentration of 8-MOP was 150 ng/ml, and fluorescent metabolites were also present. The toxicity of SBF 8-MOP was then determined with and without UV-A irradiation in the diploid strain D7 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiac which is suitable for the detection of lethal, mutagenic and recombinogenic events. It was compared with that of SBF, SBF with 8-MOP added in vitro (150 ng/ml) and 8-MOP (150 ng/ml) in water. SBF showed no effect with UV-A doses up to 360 kj m-2; SBF 8-MOP showed a slight decrease in survival and a dose-dependent increase in nuclear mutations, mitotic gene conversion and crossing over; SBF with 8-MOP added in vitro showed increased photobiological activity compared with SBF 8-MOP. This photobiological activity was increased by a factor of six when using 8-MOP in water. These results indicate a different bioavailability of 8-MOP in water and in interstitial fluid containing proteins. The metabolites of 8-MOP in human skin did not increase the photobiological activity of the drug. We conclude that the 8-MOP present in human skin during PUVA therapy is mutagenic and recombinogenic for eukaryotic cells.
PROGRESS IN BACTERIOLOGY.
Authors: EDWIN C. BALDWIN
Journal: JAMA (1900)

As there have been no epoch-making discoveries in bacteriology during the past year, I shall not confine my remarks to what has been brought to light during that time, but rather attempt to show what bacteriology of to-day is in its relation to the sphere of medicine, and incidentally mention a few of the resuts of more recent investigation. While bacteriology is still in its infancy, and thousands of bacteriologists are devoting their best energies to the development of the science in its various phases and along different lines, we are all of us aware that the benefits which it already affords to the practitioner and to the public are manifold and far-reaching. Though broad in their scope, they are definite and tangible. Some of the most patent ways in which bacteriology has contributed to the advancement of medicine are: 1, in affording a quick and certain diagnosis; 2, in
T's and blues. Abuse of pentazocine and tripelennamine
Authors: C. V. Showalter
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Pentazocine, long an abused drug among the medical community, has become popular among street addicts. The tablet form of pentazocine is combined with the antihistamine, tripelennamine, dissolved in water, and injected intravenously. This combination is known as "T's and Blues." Prescribing physicians should be aware of the abuse of these two drugs, particularly since pentazocine in tablet form is often considered of low abuse potential. Patterns of abuse, serious medical complications, and treatment considerations are discussed.
Hearing the News While Walking on the Beach
Authors: Michael Wynn
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal