tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Domestic Production vs International Immigration
Authors: David A. Kindig
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To determine alternate combinations for reductions in US medical school graduates (USMGs), international medical graduate (IMG) immigration, and graduate medical education (GME) residencies, based on future physician supply targets.A demographic projection model of the physician supply was constructed and calibrated to fit observed American Medical Association Physician Masterfile data and current supply forecasts. Total annual input to GME was backcast from given future supply targets, adjusting for the portion of IMGs in GME who do not enter the US workforce.The annual number of new physicians added to supply from domestic or international sources needed to reach future physician-to-population ratio targets.Because of the low rate of attrition from the physician supply, it takes up to 50 years for workforce policy to effectively stabilize the physician-to-population ratio at a target level. All target ratios considered here would require immediate reductions in the total number of GME positions. These reductions must be followed by gradual annual increases to account for population growth. The size of USMG and IMG reductions are interrelated and depend critically on the percentage of IMG trainees who remain to practice in the United States.Reductions in future physician supply can come from either the IMG or USMG component of physician production, or both. The model developed here allows the estimation of multiple combinations of both GME components.
Aquired factor VIII inhibitor treated with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone
Authors: Eric C.‐Y. Lian, Mary Jo Villar, Lionel I. Noy, Zoneddy Ruiz‐Dayao
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Life-threatening bleeding can occur in non-hemophiliacs with factor VIII inhibitor and is difficult to control. Various methods have been used to suppress the inhibitor. Since 1993 we treated 6 non-hemophilic patients with factor VIII inhibitor with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP) every 3-4 weeks. Five had complete response with disappearance of factor VIII inhibitor and normalization of factor VIII after 1 to 7 cycles of CVP. One patient did not respond after 4 cycles of CVP; mitoxantrone was added to additional two cycles of CVP, and the inhibitor disappeared.
Overdiagnosis of Lyme Disease
Authors: Hugh Ferguson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 November 1998Overdiagnosis of Lyme DiseaseHugh FergusonHugh FergusonValatie, NY 12184Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-9-199811010-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I carefully read Reid and colleagues' article, [1] copies of which had been sent to me by two physicians who had previously tried to convince me that I did not have Lyme disease.I can testify from my own experience that “inappropriate use of health services … and substantial disability and distress” can result from seeking a diagnosis of late or chronic Lyme disease. A preliminary talley of the medical expenses I recently incurred in pursuit of such a diagnosis comes to $3500. My primary care provider, acknowledging inexperience with Lyme disease, deferred to specialists in neurology, ...References1. Reid MC, Schoen RT, Evans J, Rosenberg JC, Horwitz RI. The consequences of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of Lyme disease: an observational study. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:354-62. Google Scholar2. Donta ST. Tetracycline therapy for chronic lyme disease. Clin Infect Dis. 1997; 25(Suppl 1):S52-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Hugh FergusonAffiliations: Valatie, NY 12184 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1998Volume 129, Issue 9Page: 752KeywordsDisabilitiesLyme diseaseMagnetic resonance imagingMedical servicesNeurologyOrthopedicsPeripheral neuropathyRheumatologyTetracyclinesWestern blot ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Insulin and adrenergic effects during endotoxin shock: in vivo myocardial interactions
Authors: W. R Law, M. P McLane, R. M Raymond
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Journal Article Insulin and β adrenergic effects during endotoxin shock: in vivo myocardial interactions Get access William R Law, William R Law Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael P McLane, Michael P McLane Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard M Raymond Richard M Raymond Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 24, Issue 1, January 1990, Pages 72–80, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/24.1.72 Published: 01 January 1990 Article history Received: 15 June 1989 Accepted: 31 August 1989 Published: 01 January 1990
The endothelial cell ecto-ADPase responsible for inhibition of platelet function is CD39.
Authors: A J Marcus, M J Broekman, J H Drosopoulos, N Islam, T N Alyonycheva, L B Safier, K A Hajjar, D N Posnett, M A Schoenborn, K A Schooley, R B Gayle, C R Maliszewski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

We previously demonstrated that when platelets are in motion and in proximity to endothelial cells, they become unresponsive to agonists (Marcus, A.J., L.B. Safier, K.A. Hajjar, H.L. Ullman, N. Islam, M.J. Broekman, and A.M. Eiroa. 1991. J. Clin. Invest. 88:1690-1696). This inhibition is due to an ecto-ADPase on the surface of endothelial cells which metabolizes ADP released from activated platelets, resulting in blockade of the aggregation response. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) ADPase was biochemically classified as an E-type ATP-diphosphohydrolase. The endothelial ecto-ADPase is herein identified as CD39, a molecule originally characterized as a lymphoid surface antigen. All HUVEC ecto-ADPase activity was immunoprecipitated by monoclonal antibodies to CD39. Surface localization of HUVEC CD39 was established by confocal microscopy and flow cytometric analyses. Transfection of COS cells with human CD39 resulted in both ecto-ADPase activity as well as surface expression of CD39. PCR analyses of cDNA obtained from HUVEC mRNA and recombinant human CD39 revealed products of the same size, and of identical sequence. Northern blot analyses demonstrated that HUVEC express the same sized transcripts for CD39 as MP-1 cells (from which CD39 was originally cloned). We established the role of CD39 as a prime endothelial thromboregulator by demonstrating that CD39-transfected COS cells acquired the ability to inhibit ADP-induced aggregation in platelet-rich plasma. The identification of HUVEC ADPase/CD39 as a constitutively expressed potent inhibitor of platelet reactivity offers new prospects for antithrombotic therapeusis.
Onercept for Moderate-to-Severe Crohn’s Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Paul Rutgeerts, William J. Sandborn, Richard N. Fedorak, Daniel Rachmilewitz, Dino Tarabar, Peter Gibson, Ole Haagen Nielsen, Gary Wild, Stefan Schreiber, Claudia Pena Rossi, Monia Zignani
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2006)
Points: Fenclofenac induced interstitial nephritis
Authors: L Sellars
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Morris mentions several precipitating causes of infective endocarditis culled from the studies by Bayliss et al' 2 (25 May, p 1532).I would like to draw attention to an important and often forgotten route of introduction of sepsis in patients at risk in hospitals- from intravenous drip or venepuncture sites. 3Recently, we saw two children aged 11 and 12 who presented with relapse of their rheumatic fever with flitting arthralgia, pericardial rubs, and fever.These symptoms subsided on aspirin and bed rest but a week later a high swinging fever was noted, with changing heart murmurs and evidence of heart failure in one case.One of the blood cultures subsequently grew a penicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.The child died despite high dose intravenous penicillin, cefuroxime, and cloxacillin.In the second case no pathogens were grown despite repeated blood cultures, but the fever was later controlled with cefuroxime, cloxacillin, and gentamycin.The most likely site of entry of the organism was through the drip site, where both children had developed mild cellulitis, and neither had received any antibiotics.Poorly cleaned venepuncture sites for routine blood investigations were another possible site of entry.Routine setting up of drips in casualty is a common practice and is often far from being an aseptic procedure.Those who practise this must realise that it is not without risk, especially to patients with valvular heart disease.We believe that care with cleaning the drip site with iodine, introduction of the intravenous cannula by an aseptic technique, and regular change of drip sites before cellulitis sets in are the best ways of preventing infective endocarditis in patients at risk.
Hungary confronts corruption in its health service
Authors: Thomas Land
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The Socialist-Liberal coalition government in Hungary has promised to tackle what it describes as widespread corruption in the health service. It proposes to restructure healthcare finance and discard the 50 year old state monopoly provider of medical insurance.

The cabinet will publish draft legislation early this autumn, after a month long consultation period just ended. It blames the problem of corruption on the low pay of medical staff and the insurance structure inherited from the bygone communist regime.

Dr Lajos Molnar, the health minister, described the dependence of healthcare provision on ubiquitous “gratuity” payments for supposedly free services as “a minefield of explosive conflicting interests.”

Patients make such payments to medical staff to purchase privileged treatment at the expense of other patients, he says, with most people paying for fear of losing out. He calculates that such payments total as much as 100bn forints (£250m; €370m; $470m) a year.

Several recent academic studies have examined corruption in the service. They describe various practices, such as nurses ignoring the discomfort of patients unless they are given gratuities of …
BCL6 programs lymphoma cells for survival and differentiation through distinct biochemical mechanisms
Authors: Samir Parekh, Jose M. Polo, Rita Shaknovich, Przemyslaw Juszczynski, Paola Lev, Stella M. Ranuncolo, Yingnan Yin, Ulf Klein, Giorgio Cattoretti, Riccardo Dalla Favera, Margaret A. Shipp, Ari Melnick
Journal: Blood (2007)
Onchocerciasis Treated with Hetrazan
Authors: F. Hawking
Journal: BMJ (1952)

Description of Nodules Specimens were available from five untreated patients and from nine patients after treatment with hetrazan, as follows:Case 20, after 0-38 g. in 8 days Case 37, after 5 8 g. in 15 days 23 4-26, 26 pi, 38 t 0°2,o , 24,, 30 2.30 13 38 2,50 9,,,, 26,,32,, 29,,,, 13,, ,so,, 4.17,,,, 15t 33 ,, 475,,,, 27 , Doses given in terms of base.
Kinetic properties of the Na+/H+ antiporter of lymphocytes from the spontaneously hypertensive rat: role of intracellular pH.
Authors: A M Saleh, D C Batlle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Enhanced activity of the Na+/H+ antiporter is increasingly reported as a feature of cells from hypertensive subjects but the intracellular pH (ipH) dependency of its activity has not been examined. This study was designed to characterize the kinetic properties of the Na+/H+ antiporter in lymphocytes from adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and in those from age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) controls. Steady-state ipH, estimated from the measurement of BCECF fluorescence, was significantly lower in lymphocytes from the SHR than in those from WKY rats (7.09 +/- 0.02, n = 17 and 7.17 +/- 0.03, n = 19, respectively, P less than 0.025). The velocity of the antiporter determined from the product of the change in intracellular hydrogen ion concentration (i[H+]) by the buffering power measured concurrently at each starting ipH exhibited similar kinetic parameters in SHR and WKY cells: Vmax, 72 +/- 18 vs. 79 +/- 24 mM H+/30 s; pKH, 10.04 +/- 0.87 vs. 8.49 +/- 0.80; and Hill coefficient, 1.67 +/- 0.12 vs. 1.44 +/- 0.10, respectively. Likewise, no significant differences were observed between SHR and WKY cells in either the Km (29 +/- 5 and 32 +/- 8 mM, respectively) or the Vmax (6.0 +/- 1.0 and 5.53 +/- 1.0 mM H+/30 s, respectively) of the sodium activation curve. We conclude that while the ipH of SHR lymphocytes is reduced, the kinetic properties of the Na+/H+ antiporter are virtually identical in SHR and WKY lymphocytes. Consequently, a primary abnormality in the activity of this antiporter is not an inherent feature of lymphocytes from the SHR model of genetic hypertension. We propose that the activity of the Na+/H+ antiporter in SHR cells is apt to be increased as a result of reduction in ipH which dictates a higher set point in its steady-state activity.
Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Murdo G. MacDonald, Bruce R. MacKay
Journal: JAMA (1964)

DRUG REACTIONS have increased in number and severity because of the increased availability and use of potent drugs. From 1949 to 1958 the yearly deaths ascribed to therapeutic misadventure rose from 160 to 842.<sup>1</sup>Thalidomide focused the public and legislative eyes on this problem of adverse drug effects and their combined attention will undoubtedly continue. The delay between recognition and reporting of new drug reactions may be hazardous to other users of the same drug. Disseminating information of drug reactions to the physicians prescribing drugs is a further problem. New approaches to the solutions of these problems have been undertaken in recent years. <h3>Adverse Drug Reaction Programs.—</h3> The American Medical Association (AMA) Council on Drugs established a registry of blood dyscrasias in 1954 and has published several valuable reports.<sup>2,3</sup>The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains an adverse-drug-reaction reporting program with approximately 200 hospitals throughout the country as
Punch Liver Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Miliary Tuberculosis
Authors: Charles G. Craddock, H. C. Meredith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

SINCE it is often difficult to substantiate a suspected diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis, an additional practical diagnostic procedure would be of value. As it is well known that miliary tubercles are scattered throughout the liver in this disease,1 2 3 histologic study of a specimen of liver tissue would be of unquestioned value in confirming a clinical impression. In recent years punch liver biopsy has been established as a simple, practical and safe method of obtaining a specimen of liver tissue satisfactory for microscopical study and causes very little discomfort to the patient.4 5 6 7 8 Liver biopsy is not generally recognized as a method . . .
The aetiology of juvenile plantar dermatosis
Authors: ALAN B. SHRANK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Studies of the sweating mechanism in juvenile plantar dermatosis have demonstrated features of miliaria, including inhibition of sweating and occlusion of the sweat coil in the horny layer of the epidermis. These are considered to be a sequel to changes in the composition of children's shoes and hose. Possible remedies are suggested.
Retraction: CPAP for the Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. N Engl J Med 2011;365:2277-86
Authors: Surendra K Sharma, Swastik Agrawal, Deepak Damodaran, Vishnubhatla Sreenivas, Tamilarasu Kadhiravan, Ramakrishnan Lakshmy, Priya Jagia, Atin Kumar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

To the Editor: As the authors of the article entitled “CPAP for the Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea”1 published in the Journal on December 15, 2011, we regret to report that transcription errors occurred in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of the article at NEJM.org. There were multiple errors in the table on pages 18 and 19 of the Supplementary Appendix concerning data on the accumulation of abdominal fat as assessed with the use of computed tomography and on carotid intima–media thickness as assessed with the use of ultrasonography. These errors, in turn, changed . . .
Universities and tobacco money
Authors: J. E Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2001)

In December 2000 Nottingham University announced the establishment of an international centre for corporate social responsibility, with initial funding of £3.8m provided by British American Tobacco (BAT). To protest aganst their university's acceptance of money from the tobacco industry, an MBA student refused to accept his “student of the year” award; Richard Smith, editor of the BMJ , resigned from his post as professor of medical journalism; a cancer research team decided to relocate; and a member of the European parliament relinquished her roles at the university.

Nottingham joins a long list of universities that have accepted funding from the tobacco industry. Other academic institutions have, however, taken the opposite stance and severed their ties with this industry. For example, Brigham and Women's and Massachusetts General hospitals in Boston, the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo, and the University of Sydney all have policies precluding acceptance of research funds from the tobacco industry.1 The …
New law introduces tougher rules on drug regulation in France
Authors: P. Benkimoun
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The lower house of the French parliament, the National Assembly, adopted the government’s bill to overhaul the safety of medicines on 19 December—a move that the minister of health said aimed to prevent scandals such as the one surrounding Servier’s antidiabetes drug benfluorex. 

The law establishes a new agency, the National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (Agence Nationale de Securite du Medicament (ANSM)), that will take over from AFSSAPS (Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire des Produits de Sante). AFSSAPS has been under fire for having left benfluorex (Mediator) on the market for 30 years despite evidence of harm for many years and …
Effects of heparin and protamine on left ventricular performance in the dog
Authors: J. A. MARIN-NETO, M. K. SYKES, J. L. B. MARIN, C. ORCHARD, M. K. CHAKRABARTI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Journal Article Effects of heparin and protamine on left ventricular performance in the dog Get access J. A. MARIN-NETO, J. A. MARIN-NETO 1 From the Departments of Medicine and Anaesthetics, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, and Hammersmith Hospital 1On permit of leave from the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. K. SYKES, M. K. SYKES From the Departments of Medicine and Anaesthetics, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, and Hammersmith Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. L. B. MARIN, J. L. B. MARIN From the Departments of Medicine and Anaesthetics, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, and Hammersmith Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. ORCHARD, C. ORCHARD From the Departments of Medicine and Anaesthetics, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, and Hammersmith Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. K. CHAKRABARTI M. K. CHAKRABARTI From the Departments of Medicine and Anaesthetics, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, and Hammersmith Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 13, Issue 5, May 1979, Pages 254–259, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/13.5.254 Published: 01 May 1979
Inadequate Oxygenation and Ventilation Using the Esophageal Gastric Tube Airway in the Prehospital Setting
Authors: Paul S. Auerbach
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In a prospective study to evaluate the respiratory effectiveness of the esophageal gastric tube airway (EGTA) in the prehospital setting, we analyzed arterial blood samples from 43 victims of out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest managed with the EGTA. Five minutes after emergency department endotracheal intubation, arterial blood gas analysis was repeated for comparison. During EGTA ventilation, the mean arterial PO2 measured 83.6 +/- 110.4 mm Hg; endotracheal intubation increased the mean PO2 to 189 +/- 167.5 mm Hg. During EGTA ventilation, the mean arterial PCO2 measured 77.1 +/- 34 mm Hg; endotracheal intubation decreased the mean PCO2 to 57.8 +/- 34.4 mm Hg. We conclude that endotracheal intubation remains the procedure of choice for airway management in the victim of cardiopulmonary arrest.
OPIUM AS A TRANQUILIZER
Authors: ERIC T. CARLSON, MERIBETH M. SIMPSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

We have seen in our survey that our current search for a drug that will calm without sedating is not in any sense new. Over the centuries opium has been used as a tranquilizer and also for its effect as a hypnotic. It was used throughout the spectrum of psychiatric diagnoses but primarily for hysteria and hypochondriasis in its earliest history, then for mania for over a century, and more recently in the treatment of melancholia. Its use in psychiatry reached a peak in the middle of the 19th century, when many doctors considered it the greatest pharmaceutical aid that psychiatry had available. It was about this same time however that this favored psychiatric treatment began to be considered an occasional cause of mental illness and finally as morphinomania, a psychiatric disease itself. But not all psychiatrists recognized it as a disease, and we see in the late 19th century a final irony in the fact that as overcrowding increasingly plagued mental hospitals, addicts whose condition was frequently caused by physicians were turned away in favor of patients with other types of disorders.
Rapid activation of endothelial cells enables Plasmodium falciparum adhesion to platelet-decorated von Willebrand factor strings
Authors: Daniel J. Bridges, James Bunn, Jan A. van Mourik, Georges Grau, Roger J.S. Preston, Malcolm Molyneux, Valery Combes, James S. O'Donnell, Bas de Laat, Alister Craig
Journal: Blood (2009)
MODIFIED LAVATORY CHAMBER
Authors: J. B. Potsdamer
Journal: JAMA (1918)

tested.This is not being followed by some, and only empha¬ sizes one more reason why we should have a standard technic, at least a standard antigen or a prescribed method for mak¬ ing one ; there is as much indication for a standard antigen as there is for a standard unit for diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin, and I hope to see the U. S.