tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Asian Ethnicity–Related Differences in Gastric Cancer Presentation and Outcome Among Patients Treated at a Canadian Cancer Center
Authors: Sharlene Gill, Amil Shah, Nhu Le, E. Francis Cook, Eric M. Yoshida
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Differences in stage-stratified survival have been reported between Asian and Western populations with gastric cancer. This study examines differences in presentation and outcomes among Asian and non-Asian patients evaluated and treated at a Canadian institution.We reviewed 2,043 patients (159 Asians and 1,884 non-Asians) with gastric adenocarcinoma treated between 1978 and 1997. Overall survival was examined by the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariable analysis by Cox proportional hazards was used to identify whether Asian ethnicity had independent prognostic significance for survival.Median survival was 13.1 months for Asians and 11.1 months for non-Asians (P =.0016). Asian patients were younger and had a greater proportion of signet ring cell histology but were less likely to have proximal disease. Signet ring cell histology did not adversely affect survival. By multivariable analysis, proximal location, poor differentiation, and extent of disease were independently associated with worse survival. Survival was improved with curative resection, palliative resection, and palliative chemotherapy. Asian ethnicity was not independently associated with survival (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.74 to 1.08). Although a similar proportion of patients underwent curative resection, an interaction was observed between Asian ethnicity and efficacy of resection, with Asians achieving a greater benefit as compared with non-Asians even when adjusted for age and location.The disparity between Eastern and Western gastric cancer survival is not explained by the hypothesis of ethnicity-related differences in tumor biology. Although it is not an independent predictor of survival, Asian ethnicity is associated with distinct characteristics at presentation and more favorable outcomes after curative surgery.
<i>Bin3</i> Deletion Causes Cataracts and Increased Susceptibility to Lymphoma during Aging
Authors: Arivudainambi Ramalingam, James B. Duhadaway, Erika Sutanto-Ward, Yan Wang, Joseph Dinchuk, Minzhou Huang, Preston S. Donover, Janette Boulden, Lois M. McNally, Alejandro P. Soler, Alexander J. Muller, Melinda K. Duncan, George C. Prendergast
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Bin3 encodes an evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed member of the BAR superfamily of curved membrane and GTPase-binding proteins, which includes the BAR, PCH/F-BAR, and I-BAR adapter proteins implicated in signal transduction and vesicular trafficking. In humans, Bin3 maps to chromosome 8p21.3, a region widely implicated in cancer suppression that is often deleted in non–Hodgkin's lymphomas and various epithelial tumors. Yeast studies have suggested roles for this gene in filamentous actin (F-actin) organization and cell division but its physiologic functions in mammals have not been investigated. Here we report that homozygous inactivation of Bin3 in the mouse causes cataracts and an increased susceptibility to lymphomas during aging. The cataract phenotype was marked by multiple morphologic defects in lens fibers, including the development of vacuoles in cortical fibers and a near total loss of F-actin in lens fiber cells but not epithelial cells. Through 1 year of age, no other phenotypes were apparent; however, by 18 months of age, Bin3−/− mice exhibited a significantly increased incidence of lymphoma. Bin3 loss did not affect normal cell proliferation, F-actin organization, or susceptibility to oncogenic transformation. In contrast, it increased the proliferation and invasive motility of cells transformed by SV40 large T antigen plus activated ras. Our findings establish functions for Bin3 in lens development and cancer suppression during aging. Further, they define Bin3 as a candidate for an unidentified tumor suppressor that exists at the human chromosome 8p21.3 locus. [Cancer Res 2008;68(6):1683–90]
Growth Reduction vs Budget Cuts for Medicare: What's in a Name?-Reply
Authors: R. Scott Wright
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Wynia's articulate and cogent response reflects his passion for American health care policy. A public argument about whether reducing the inflationary growth of Medicare spending reflects a "cut" or a "reduced rate of growth" is an unfortunate sidetracking of the crucial issue within the Medicare crisis. The Medicare Trust Fund is heading into bankruptcy, and such insolvency will threaten the basic health insurance security of most older Americans. The current House leadership in Washington, DC, recognized this problem early last year, and set out to financially stabilize the trust fund. Of interest, the AMA apparently predicted this trust fund financial crisis as early as 1988, but without any genuine congressional acknowledgment that a problem existed that justified intervention. I salute the House plan for Medicare reform. The House plan reduces the rate of growth to approximately 7% per year, and actuarially accounts for the expected increase in recipient numbers.
MIDTERM OUTCOMES OF STENT RECOIL WITH STENT FRACTURE AFTER VARIOUS DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATIONS
Authors: Masanobu Ohya, Kazushige Kadota, Takeshi Tada, Seiji Habara, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Yasushi Fuku, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
297 PREDICTIVE FACTORS FOR SILIBININ MONOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C AND NONRESPONSE TO PEG-IFN/RBV THERAPY
Authors: K. Rutter, A. Stättermayer, T. Reiberger, J. Aberle, K. Zinober, T.-M. Scherzer, S. Beinhardt, H. Holzmann, P. Steindl-Munda, H. Hofer, P. Ferenci
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Basic Concepts in the Determination of vascular Volumes by Indicator-Dilution Methods
Authors: Fred S. Grodins
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

In this paper, we have considered some of the basic concepts underlying the measurement of vascular volumes by indicator-dilution methods. Granting the assumptions of stationary flow and homogeneous labeling of flowing blood, the classical Stewart-Hamilton prescription, V = Qt, provides a valid estimate of central volume. Although the boundaries of this volume can be precisely defined in terms of "time distances," the anatomic description is less definite. The classical treatment did not provide a theoretical model from which the form of the indicator-dilution curve could be deduced but a number of such models have now appeared. These include the mixing-chamber model of Newman and the stochastic models of Sheppard. The slope-volume based on Newman's model measures some fraction of the classical central volume, but precise anatomic boundaries probably cannot be assigned to it. We have attempted to show that so long as we deal with a linear system, the indicator-dilution problem, including recirculation, can be conveniently treated in terms of a block diagram-transfer function approach. Finally we have considered some of the theoretical and practical aspects of the measurement of ventricular volumes. In conclusion, it might be appropriate to say something about mathematical models in general. Every such model is an abstraction which deliberately neglects certain features of the prototype in order to make possible the rigorous treatment of others. We should therefore not be disappointed to find that "no thoroughly defined system can be expected to mimic completely all of the phenomena of physiological importance." 5 What we should demand of a model is that it mimic enough of these phenomena to make it useful, and that it point the way to its own continuing improvement. If it does these things, it cannot help but be a contribution to the advancement of both theory and practice.
Wives who work lower their HDL levels
Authors: Jaan Kangilaski
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Working outside the home may be good for women's health as far as certain risk factors for coronary heart disease are concerned. Evidence for this view comes from a study of almost 700 housewives and women with outside employment by a team from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio who presented their report to the American Public Health Association meeting in Montreal. The investigators looked at four risk factors: obesity, blood lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels, BP, and smoking history. "The levels of certain cardiovascular risk factors, namely, total serum cholesterol, systolic and diastolic BP, and obesity, are quite similar in currently employed women and housewives," stated epidemiologist Helen P. Hazuda, PhD. "However, for... high-and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, the pattern of differences consistently favors working over nonworking women." (In this context, "nonworking women" was used as a synonym for "housewives.") "It is particularly interesting
CUTANEOUS GRANULOMA FROM ACCIDENTAL CONTAMINATION WITH BERYLLIUM PHOSPHORS
Authors: A. D. NICHOL
Journal: JAMA (1949)

During the past ten years an appreciation of the peculiar properties of beryllium led to its utilization in a variety of industrial processes and products. 1 Unfortunately, in occasional persons exposed to a beryllium-contaminated atmosphere an illness developed characterized by a distinctive clinical course and a generalized granular pattern seen on roentgen examination of the lungs. 2   Despite the failure to produce generalized or pulmonary chronic granulomatosis 3 by exposure of experimental animals to beryllium compounds, clinical observations continue to emphasize the probable causative significance of zinc beryllium silicate in this disease. 4 Characteristic histologic changes and the presence of abnormal quantities of beryllium in the tissues and urine of such patients furnish further presumptive evidence incriminating these beryllium phosphors. Similar detailed observations in persons exposed to beryllium oxide and beryllium alloys 1a tend to single out beryllium as the principal known causative factor. Recent observations 5 that typical histologic
Effects of cigarette smoking on lung function in four population samples in the People's Republic of China. The PRC-US Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Epidemiology Research Group.
Authors: A S Buist, W M Vollmer, Y Wu, R Tsai, L R Johnson, S Hurd, C E Davis, O D Williams, Y Li, B Chen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

As part of an ongoing study of cardiopulmonary risk factors in the People's Republic of China, we conducted lung function tests and obtained information about smoking habits on 6,765 Chinese men and women 35 to 56 yr of age residing in or around Beijing in the north and in or around Guangzhou in the south. Within each region, separate urban and rural populations were recruited. This study examined the relationship between tobacco consumption (both manufactured cigarettes and leaf tobacco) and lung function in a subset of current smokers and never smokers who had acceptable lung function data. All methods were strictly standardized. Overall, tobacco smoking was associated with a statistically significant mean difference in FEV1 among men (-89 ml) and women (-52 ml) relative to never smokers after adjusting for age, height, and residence. Differences between smokers of cigarettes and smokers of leaf tobacco were not significant. Among the subset of smokers who smoked only cigarettes, this decrement increased with increasing duration of cigarette smoking, but it was small (-4 ml/yr of smoking for FEV1 for both men and women) in comparison with the effects of smoking reported from western countries. Although the smoking effect tended to increase with increasing dose, these differences were small and generally not statistically significant. The relatively small smoking effect in this study may result from differences between developed and developing countries in the cumulative dose of tobacco products. Alternative explanations or contributing factors such as racial differences in susceptibility and differences in the form and delivery of tobacco cannot be discounted.
Renal Hemodynamic Effects of Total Cardiopulmonary Bypass Eliminating Heparinized Blood
Authors: ARTHUR C. BEALL, DENTON A. COOLEY, C. Polk Smith
Journal: Circulation (1963)

In order to compare the renal hemodynamic effects of using 5 per cent dextrose in distilled water with the effects of using fresh, heparinized blood as the priming agent for extracorporeal circulation, mongrel dogs were subjected to 30 minutes of total cardiopulmonary bypass by each technique. Discrete renal function determinations were performed before and after bypass. In one group, homologous blood was used to prime the pump oxygenator. Renal function in these animals was depressed to approximately two-thirds of control values. In the other group, 5 per cent dextrose in distilled water was used as the priming agent. In these animals, little or no change in renal function was noted following operation, indicating more optimal maintenance of renal function by this technique.
Cost effectiveness analysis of larval therapy for leg ulcers
Authors: M. O Soares, C. P Iglesias, J M. Bland, N. Cullum, J. C Dumville, E A. Nelson, D. J Torgerson, G. Worthy
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective</b> To assess the cost effectiveness of larval therapy compared with hydrogel in the management of leg ulcers. <b>Design</b> Cost effectiveness and cost utility analyses carried out alongside a pragmatic multicentre, randomised, open trial with equal randomisation. <b>Population</b> Intention to treat population comprising 267 patients with a venous or mixed venous and arterial ulcers with at least 25% coverage of slough or necrotic tissue. <b>Interventions</b> Patients were randomly allocated to debridement with bagged larvae, loose larvae, or hydrogel. <b>Main outcome measure</b> The time horizon was 12 months and costs were estimated from the UK National Health Service perspective. Cost effectiveness outcomes are expressed in terms of incremental costs per ulcer-free day (cost effectiveness analysis) and incremental costs per quality adjusted life years (cost utility analysis). <b>Results</b> The larvae arms were pooled for the main analysis. Treatment with larval therapy cost, on average, £96.70 (€109.61; $140.57) more per participant per year (95% confidence interval −£491.9 to £685.8) than treatment with hydrogel. Participants treated with larval therapy healed, on average, 2.42 days before those in the hydrogel arm (95% confidence interval −0.95 to 31.91 days) and had a slightly better health related quality of life, as the annual difference in QALYs was 0.011 (95% confidence interval −0.067 to 0.071). However, none of these differences was statistically significant. The incremental cost effectiveness ratio for the base case analysis was estimated at £8826 per QALY gained and £40 per ulcer-free day. Considerable uncertainty surrounds the outcome estimates. <b>Conclusions</b> Debridement of sloughy or necrotic leg ulcers with larval therapy is likely to produce similar health benefits and have similar costs to treatment with hydrogel. <b>Trial registration</b> Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN55114812 and National Research Register N0484123692.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Paclitaxel Plus Carboplatin or Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status 2 Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: ECOG 1599
Authors: Corey Langer, Sigui Li, Joan Schiller, William Tester, Bernardo L. Rapoport, David H. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose Appropriate therapy for Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) -2 patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging. PS-2 patients on ECOG 1594 had a median survival (MS) of only 4.1 months and 1-year overall survival (OS) of 19%. Three percent had grade 5 toxicity. Patients and Methods ECOG 1599, the first PS 2–specific, US cooperative group trial for treatment-naïve advanced NSCLC, randomly assigned patients to dose-attenuated carboplatin/paclitaxel (the least toxic regimen in ECOG 1594) or gemcitabine/cisplatin (which yielded an MS of 7.9 months in PS-2 patients). Patients received either carboplatin (area under the concentration-time curve, 6) and paclitaxel 200 mg/m 2 every 3 weeks (CbP) or gemcitabine 1 g/m 2 days 1 and 8 and cisplatin 60 mg/m 2 day 1 every 3 weeks (CG). Results One hundred three patients were enrolled; 100 proved eligible. Median age was 66 years; 46% had at least 5% weight loss; 88% had stage IV or recurrent disease. Median number of cycles administered was three per arm. CbP featured more grade 3 neutropathy (10% v 0%) and more grade ≥ 3 neutropenia (59% v 33%), whereas CG yielded more grade ≥ 3 thrombocytopenia (33% v 14%), more grade ≥ 3 fatigue (22% v 14%), and more grade ≥ 1 creatinine elevations (43% v 6%). One grade 5 toxicity, confined to the CbP arm, occurred. Response rate, time to progression, MS, and 1-year OS rates for CG and CbP, were 23%, 4.8 months, 6.9 months, and 25%, and 14%, 4.2 months, 6.2 months, and 19%, respectively. Conclusion Platinum-based combination chemotherapy for PS-2 patients with NSCLC is feasible with acceptable toxicity, but survival in these patients remains inferior to that of PS-0 to -1 patients.
Relation between change of blood pressure and age.
Authors: W. E. Miall, H. G. Lovell
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MaterialPolycythaemia vera was diagnosed when the haemoglobin was greater than 17 g./100ml. or the red cell count greater than 6,000,000/cu.mm., together with one other feature-namely, a leucocyte count greater than 12,000/cu.mm., a platelet count greater than 300,000/cu.mm., or splenomegaly.Acute leukaemia was diagnosed when both blood and marrow were on 11 July
(2) Generalized granuloma annulare
Authors: E.A. Bingham, J.M. Beare
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article (2) Generalized granuloma annulare Get access E.A. Bingham, E.A. Bingham Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.M. Beare J.M. Beare Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s26, 1 July 1984, Pages 44–46, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb05272.x Published: 01 July 1984
The activation of factor X and prothrombin by recombinant factor VIIa in vivo is mediated by tissue factor.
Authors: H ten Cate, K A Bauer, M Levi, T S Edgington, R D Sublett, S Barzegar, B L Kass, R D Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The human coagulation system continuously generates very small quantities of Factor Xa and thrombin. Current evidence suggests that basal level activation of the hemostatic mechanism occurs via Factor VIIa-dependent activation of Factor X, but direct proof has not been available for the participation of tissue factor in this pathway. To examine this issue, we infused relatively high concentrations of recombinant Factor VIIa (approximately 50 micrograms/kg body wt) into normal chimpanzees and observed significant increases in the plasma levels of Factor IX activation peptide, Factor X activation peptide, and prothrombin activation fragment F1+2. Metabolic turnover studies with radiolabeled Factor IX activation peptide, Factor X activation peptide, and F1+2 indicate that elevated levels of the activation peptides are due to accelerated conversion of the three coagulation system zymogens into serine proteases. The administration of a potent monoclonal antibody to tissue factor, which immediately neutralizes function of the Factor VIIa-tissue factor complex in vitro, abolishes the activation of Factor X and prothrombin mediated by the infused recombinant protein, and also suppresses basal level activation of Factor IX and Factor X. The above results suggest that recombinant Factor VIIa functions as a prohemostatic agent by interacting with endogenous tissue factor sites, but definitive proof will require studies in hemophilic animals using relevant hemostatic endpoints.
A recombinant HER2/neu expressing listeria monocytogenes (Lm-LLO) immunotherapy delays metastatic disease and prolongs overall survival in a spontaneous canine model of osteosarcoma - a Phase I clinical trial
Authors: Josephine S Gnanandarajah, Georges Habineza Ndikuyeze, Julie B Engiles, Anu Wallecha, Nicola Mason
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Osteosarcoma (OSA) is an aggressive mesenchymal bone tumor that affects ~3000 children annually in the USA. Treatment consists of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and radical surgery. Despite treatment, metastatic disease is common and results in 30-40% mortality within 5 years. Novel
Positional cloning of a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 13q14 that influences immunoglobulin E levels and asthma
Authors: Youming Zhang, Nicholas I Leaves, Gavin G Anderson, Chris P Ponting, John Broxholme, Richard Holt, Pauline Edser, Sumit Bhattacharyya, Andy Dunham, Ian M Adcock, Louise Pulleyn, Peter J Barnes, John I Harper, Gonçalo Abecasis, Lon Cardon, Melanie White, John Burton, Lucy Matthews, Richard Mott, Mark Ross, Roger Cox, Miriam F Moffatt, William O C M Cookson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Connexin-43 in the osteogenic BM niche regulates its cellular composition and the bidirectional traffic of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors
Authors: Daniel Gonzalez-Nieto, Lina Li, Anja Kohler, Gabriel Ghiaur, Eri Ishikawa, Amitava Sengupta, Malav Madhu, Jorden L. Arnett, Rebecca A. Santho, Susan K. Dunn, Glenn I. Fishman, David E. Gutstein, Roberto Civitelli, Luis C. Barrio, Matthias Gunzer, Jose A. Cancelas
Journal: Blood (2012)
Streptomycin and Sulfisoxazole for Treatment of Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis
Authors: Richard H. Meade
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The increasing number of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae recoveries have required a change in the treatment of meningitis due to this organism. Chloramphenicol has been recommended and is an effective though toxic substitute. Streptomycin combined with sulfisoxazole has been as effective as ampicillin in treating H influenzae meningitis. The results of treating 61 children with ampicillin were compared with results of those given streptomycin intramuscularly, in three intrathecal doses with sulfisoxazole intravenously, and by mouth to 50 children. Permanent neurological sequelae, including deafness, mental retardation, and persisting seizures, developed in the six given ampicillin; communic-ting hydrocephalus occurred in one who had been treated with streptomycin and sulfisoxazole. There was no phlebitis, buttocks abscess, or drug eruptions, and treatment was better tolerated in the streptomycin and sulfisoxazole group. This combination is suggested as an effective alternative to ampicillin.
Reduced respiratory responses to carbon dioxide after propranolol: a central action.
Authors: C P Mustchin, H R Gribbin, A E Tattersfield, C F George
Journal: BMJ (1976)

In a double-blind study in six subjects propranolol significantly reduced the respiratory sensitivity to carbon dioxide rebreathing. This effect seems to have been due to beta-adrenergic blockade, since it was not seen with D-propranolol. In two subjects increasing doses of propranolol caused progressive reductions in respiratory sensitivity to values below normal and similar to those of patients with ventilatory failure. These changes are probably due to a central action of propranolol.