tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Echocardiographic Determination of Left Ventricular Performance.
Authors: John A. Murray
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Echocardiographic Determination of Left Ventricular Performance.John A. Murray, M.D., William Johnston, B.S.E.E., John M. Reid, Ph.D.John A. Murray, M.D., William Johnston, B.S.E.E., John M. Reid, Ph.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-777_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPulsed, reflected ultrasound was used as a noninvasive tool to evaluate the performance and dimensions of the left ventricle (LV) in 20 patients with various types of heart disease before diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Ultrasonic measurements included LV end-diastolic diameter (LVDd), LV end-systolic diameter (LVDs), and LV posterior wall thickness (WTu). These dimensions and their derived relationships were compared with hemodynamic assessments of LV performance including angiocardiographic LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), major and minor axes, wall thickness (WTa), and mass (LVM) as well as their derived values. Significant correlations were found between LVDd and EDV (r= 0.75);... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Seattle, Wash. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAcute effects of hemodialysis on echographic-determined cardiac performance: Improved contractility resulting from serum increased calcium with reduced potassium despite hypovolemic-reduced cardiac outputLeft atrial size and left ventricular function in coronary artery disease: An echocardiographic-angiographic correlative studyProstacyclin effect on cardiovascular system in man evaluated by echocardiographyEchocardiographic Indices of Left Ventricular FunctionMeasurement of left ventricular ejection fraction by mechanical cross-sectional echocardiography.Measurements of left ventricular wall thickness and systolic thickening by M mode echocardiography: Interobserver and intrapatient variabilityAssessment of the postoperative patient by noninvasive techniquesEvaluation of the Ability of Echocardiography to Measure Acute Alterations in Left Ventricular VolumeNoninvasive techniques in pediatric cardiovascular diseaseEchocardiographic determination of left ventricular dimensions, volumes and performanceClinical applications of echocardiographyMeasurement of Left Ventricular Wall Thickness and Mass by EchocardiographyEchocardiographic recognition of left ventricular aneurysmDetermination of Left Ventricular Volumes by UltrasoundLeft Ventricular Volumes and Ejection Fraction by Echocardiography 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 777-777KeywordsCardiac ventriclesCardiovascular therapyCatheterizationHeart diseasesHemodynamicsLeft ventricleUltrasound imaging Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Other Side of Table Mountain
Authors: D. S. Josephs
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MDILJOURNALany later sets (that is, to hazards which ter- minate in abortions), we can safely assume that the observed downward gradient was not as steep as the true gradient.In short, tumours which grow relatively slowly are bound to have relatively late onset dates and dates of death, and the reverse must be true of fast growing tumours.It is also very likely that the different rates of growth are determined by the affected tissues.But one of the purposes of our recent article was to show that prob- ably all juvenile cancers are initiated before birth.Another was to show that the interval between initiation and onset for a given type of cancer is relatively constant and may exceed ten years.-Weare, etc.,
Cochrane researchers continue to face challenges over access to data on flu drugs
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Cochrane Collaboration researchers have said that they may be unable to analyse clinical trial data given to them by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) on the antiviral drug zanamivir (marketed as Relenza) because nearly two thirds of the reports provided have been redacted in different ways.

The researchers have been trying to get access to data held by drug companies on neuraminidase inhibitors for more than three years so that they can review the drugs’ safety and effectiveness.

GSK was the first company to hand over clinical study reports, giving researchers 30 reports at the end of April. The reports hold vast amounts of information on trials’ conduct, adverse events, and outcomes.

The Cochrane researchers remain positive about GSK’s attempt to share the detailed data it holds on zanamivir but have written to the company asking …
HÆMORRHAGIC GLAUCOMA WITH AN ANALYSIS OF THREE CASES.Read in the Section of Ophthalmology, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: ROBERT L. RANDOLPH
Journal: JAMA (1891)

By hæmorrhagic glaucoma I understand that form of glaucomo which is preceeded by numerous hæmorrhages in the retina, and when in the majority of cases the glaucomatous symptoms do not show themselves for many weeks after the visible retinæ changes. It is hence a secondary glaucoma.. The youngest case on record occurred at 35 years of age and is reported by V. Græfe. The disease occurs most frequently in persons who have passed the fiftieth year, and there is every reason to believe that the time of life is here an essential factor. The attacks generally commence with a sensation of pricking beneath the lids, as though a foreign body were lodged there. The lachrymation is considerable and there is much conjunctival injection. The pains radiate all around the eyeball, down the side of the nose and over the head frequently back to the occiput. We have, in other words
Cloning, expression and chromosomal mapping of human lysosomal sialidase and characterization of mutations in sialidosis
Authors: Alexey V. Pshezhetsky, Catherine Richard, Lorraine Michaud, Suleiman Igdoura, Shupei Wang, Marc-André Elsliger, Jingyi Qu, Daniel Leclerc, Roy Gravel, Louis Dallaire, Michel Potier
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LEFT ATRIAL STRAIN AND INCIDENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN THE MULTIETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Sanaz Samiei, Mohammadali Habibi, Masamichi Imai, Bharath Ambale Venkatesh, Colin Wu, Anders Opdahl, Thomas Helle-Valle, Alvaro Alonso, Susan Heckbert, Jaap Deckers, David Bluemke, Joao Lima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Sex, gender, and health: the need for a new approach
Authors: L Doyal
Journal: BMJ (2001)

With advances in medical technology more can be offered with respect to treatment, for example, in neonates born prematurely. This raises the public’s expectations of what medical professionals can offer and puts healthcare professionals under pressure to continue treatment, which may ultimately be futile. The courts may be asked to intervene in those cases where there is disagreement between parents and healthcare professionals. This may occur where doctors refuse to instigate or continue futile treatments or where treatment is not felt to be in the best interests of the patient. Cases may also be referred to the courts where doctors feel treatment options do exist but those with parental responsibility refuse to consent. Disagreement may also occur between parents. The best interests of the child are paramount and their welfare should always be the primary consideration. However, the court’s opinion will be increasingly sought as parents’ expectations increase and doctors fear litigation if they act against the parents’ wishes. This paper reviews the role of the courts, using a number of high profile cases as examples. While the courts generally support the views of the healthcare professional, this cannot be guaranteed.
Loss of vision.
Authors: M Jamieson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A common and often major handicap, visual loss may be preventable and is often symptomatic of treatable intraocular and extraocular disease.Diagnosis of its underlying cause is often possible without specialist experience or equipment.Early diagnosis by a general practitioner or general physician may lead to early treatment and will be a useful guide to prompt and appropriate referral, avoiding time consuming and perhaps unnecessary referral to opticians and ophthalmologists.In particular, chronic glaucoma may be detected and treated early, refractive -errors diagnosed and referred for retinoscopy, diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy found and appropriately managed, and disorders primarily of the central nervous system identified.This algorithm attempts to provide routes to diagnosis in cases where visual loss is the dominant symptom.Conditions in which pain predominates but where visual impairment may be present-for example, acute glaucoma, acute iritis-are not discussed.Likewise, conditions that are common world wide but rare in the United Kingdom-for example, vitamin A deficiency and infective diseases such as trachoma and onchocerciasis-are not considered further.injury to the optic nerve. ManagementOpportunities for management by the non-specialist are rather more limited, and most cases need appropriate referral.Chronic
AN OUTBREAK OF PHLEBOTOMUS FEVER
Authors: J. A. Hartley
Journal: BMJ (1918)

the body, an appreciable increase in muscular tone occurs.Overfeeding, therefore, is not only a cause of glycosuria in diabetes, but also results in a progressive failure in metabolism with loss of strengtl, It appears to matter little whether the excess of food is in the form of carbohydrate, or protein, or even fat-tlhe outcome is the same; but as the effects of an excess of fat are more insidious and difficult to recognize in the early stages it is necessary that particular care should be taken in regulating the fat allowance.Since I realized that fact and applied it in my clinical work I have obtained much better and more per- manent results than formerly.It has also enabled me to recognize and deal with cases of recurrent glycosuria that would otherwise have been puzzling, As an example I may quote the case of a boy of 14 who was brought to me in October, 1916, by Dr. J.Howard Cook.When he was first seen by Dr. Cook he was passing about 100 grams (5.5 per cent.) of sugar a day, but when he came to me the sugar excretion had fallen to about 10 grams a day.
Proposals for preventing community violence are naive
Authors: R. Cottingham
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Judicial functions of GMC should be abolishedEditor-Attempts are afoot to turn the General Medical Council into an Alan Milburn quango; hence, it has become necessary for doctors to know what they would be deprived of as a consequence.Currently, the GMC is like a court and is therefore not accountable to ministers or the public.It is a domestic tribunal with the sole purpose of allowing doctors to sit in judgment over other doctors.Therefore, although the Medical Act 1983 makes provision for non-doctors to be on the council, it does not oblige the GMC to give them a judicial role.Also the act ensures that the GMC is fully accountable to doctors.According to schedule 1 of the act, the GMC must first consult individual doctors before it can change the rules governing elections.According to schedule 4 of the act, the GMC must first consult doctors before making any changes to its judicial functions.The act does not even permit the GMC to go directly to the Privy Council to make changes to the constitution without first obtaining a mandate from doctors.The Privy Council itself cannot make changes without prior consultation with the GMC and its constituent doctors.The GMC is
Phylogenetic relationships among ascomycetes: evidence from an RNA polymerse II subunit
Authors: Y. J. Liu, S. Whelen, B. D. Hall
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1999)

In an effort to establish a suitable alternative to the widely used 18S rRNA system for molecular systematics of fungi, we examined the nuclear gene RPB2, encoding the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. Because RPB2 is a single-copy gene of large size with a modest rate of evolutionary change, it provides good phylogenetic resolution of Ascomycota. While the RPB2 and 18S rDNA phylogenies were highly congruent, the RPB2 phylogeny did result in much higher bootstrap support for all the deeper branches within the orders and for several branches between orders of the Ascomycota. There are several strongly supported phylogenetic conclusions. The Ascomycota is composed of three major lineages: Archiascomycetes, Saccharomycetales, and Euascomycetes. Within the Euascomycetes, plectomycetes, and pyrenomycetes are monophyletic groups, and the Pleosporales and Dothideales are distinct sister groups within the Loculoascomycetes. We confirm the placement of Neolecta within the Archiascomycetes, suggesting that fruiting body formation and forcible discharge of ascospores were characters gained early in the evolution of the Ascomycota. These findings show that a slowly evolving protein-coding gene such as RPB2 is useful for diagnosing phylogenetic relationships among fungi.
White Coat, Black Hat: Adventures on the Dark Side of Medicine
Authors: Joseph J. Fins
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DIAGNOSIS OF MINOR PHYSICAL INJURIES AND THEIR RELATION TO ACCIDENT INSURANCE ASSOCIATIONS (WITH ILLUSTRATIONS OF CASES).
Authors: LISTON H. MONTGOMERY
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Accident insurance and personal injuries to policyholders, are subjects to which I have devoted some thought and attention during the past few years, and I am a staunch advocate of the former. As a rule, the reasonableness of its cost should commend itself to every worthy male adult subject who is eligible to avail himself of the privilege of procuring a certificate of membership in some one or more of the various substantial insurance associations throughout the country. The business of accident insurance companies is mainly conducted by the secretary and a board of directors, and in the matter of claims, by the claims committee aided by the wisdom and advice of the surgeon, the medical director or medical examiner. The office that the surgeon fulfils is a most important one; one whose motive power and influence usually commands great respect from his business associates. To him is oftentimes referred
Hypercholesterolemia Inhibits Angiogenesis in Response to Hindlimb Ischemia : Nitric Oxide-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: J. Duan, T. Murohara, H. Ikeda, A. Katoh, S. Shintani, K.-i. Sasaki, H. Kawata, N. Yamamoto, T. Imaizumi
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO) plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis, whereas hypercholesterolemia (HC) impairs EDNO release. We examined the hypothesis that HC may inhibit ischemia-induced angiogenesis by inhibition of EDNO in a rat model of unilateral hindlimb ischemia and that oral L-arginine supplementation, a substrate for NO synthase, may prevent HC-related impairment of angiogenesis.Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed (A) standard diet (control), (B) 2% high-cholesterol diet (HC group), or (C) high-cholesterol diet with oral L-arginine (2.25% in drinking water) (HC+L-arg group). At 2 weeks of the dietary intervention, unilateral limb ischemia was surgically induced in all animals. Dietary HC groups (B and C) revealed elevated total and LDL cholesterol levels compared with control animals. Laser Doppler blood flow analyses showed significant decreases in the ischemic/normal limb blood flow ratio in the HC group compared with controls (P:<0.05) when followed up until 4 weeks after surgery. Selective angiography and immunohistochemical analyses in the ischemic limb at postoperative day 14 revealed significantly lower angiographic scores (P:<0.01) and capillary densities (P:<0.01) in the HC group than controls, which were associated with decreased tissue contents of NO(x) and cGMP. Oral L-arginine supplementation (HC+L-arg) significantly improved all parameters of the laser Doppler blood perfusion ratio, angiographic scores, and capillary densities (P:<0.01 versus HC group), which were accompanied by significant elevations in serum L-arginine levels and tissue NO(x) and cGMP contents.Collateral vessel formation and angiogenesis in response to hindlimb ischemia were significantly attenuated in rats with dietary HC. The mechanism may be related to the reduced NO bioactivity in the ischemic tissues. Augmentation of the tissue NO activity by oral L-arginine supplementation restored the impaired angiogenesis in HC.
Peritoneal Dialysis Bulletin
Authors: D.G. OREOPOULOS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1981Peritoneal Dialysis BulletinD.G. OREOPOULOS, M.D., PH.D.D.G. OREOPOULOS, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-3-417_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: ThePeritoneal Dialysis Bulletindisseminates information related to peritoneal dialysis rapidly, and it is distributed free of charge to all those working in the field of peritoneal dialysis. Persons interested in this publication who wish to be included in the mailing list should write to me directly.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1981Volume 94, Issue 3Page: 417-417KeywordsPeritoneal dialysis Issue Published: 1 March 1981 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Strategy for randomised clinical trials in rare cancers
Authors: Say Beng Tan, Keith B G Dear, Paolo Bruzzi, David Machin
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Proving that a new treatment is more effective than current treatment can be difficult for rare conditions. Data from small randomised trials could, however, be made more robust by taking other related research into account

The need for randomised trials to establish that treatments are effective is well established. However, because the effects of new treatments are usually modest compared with standard treatment, large numbers of patients are needed to detect any genuine benefits. This means that, even for common cancers, studies often have to be multicentred to ensure enough patients are recruited in a reasonable time. The strategy for testing new treatments in rare cancers, where it is impossible to accrue large number of patients, is unclear. We extend Lilford and others' proposal that a bayesian statistical approach, using related information from earlier studies, would be useful in designing and subsequently summarising small randomised controlled trials.1 We suggest a scoring system for pooling this evidence and detail how this may be combined with hypothetical scenarios to assist in the design of, and justification for, a small randomised controlled trial.

Randomised controlled trials are regarded as the standard when comparing a new treatment with the standard treatment for a particular cancer. However, to be considered clinically worth while in clinical trials, these (essentially) very toxic regimens typically need to show relative reductions in the risk of death of 20-30%. For studies to have sufficient statistical power (≥80%) to detect treatment effects of this magnitude, several hundreds of deaths (typically 200 to 500) need to be observed. This implies trial sizes that are unrealistically large for rare cancers. Furthermore, even if a much larger treatment effect could be expected, estimates derived from the resulting (small) randomised controlled trial would lack the precision needed for clinical decisions.

Thus, investigators who wish …
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel: differential effects of milrinone and enoximone
Authors: S. R M Holmberg, A. J Williams
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective — The aim was to investigate possible interactions between milrinone or enoximone and the calcium release channel from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Design — A membrane preparation enriched with “heavy” sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles containing the calcium release channel was prepared from sheep myocardium. The incorporation of these vesicles into artificial lipid bilayers permitted investigation of the effects of the drugs on single calcium release channels under voltage clamp conditions. The effects of the drugs on radiolabelled ryanodine binding were also investigated as a functional probe for the activity of large populations of channels. Measurements and main results — Milrinone (100 μM-2 mM) caused a reversible activation of channel opening when added at the cytoplasmic face of the channel. Lifetime analysis suggests this activation is synergistic with the effects of calcium on the channel. Milrinone also stimulated [3H]ryanodine binding, consistent with the proposition that it is an activating ligand of the calcium release channel. Enoximone (100 μM-1 mM) was without effect on both single channel activity and [3H]ryanodine binding. Conclusions — Activation of the calcium release channel probably contributes to the positive inotropic action in vivo of milrinone but not enoximone. Other drugs which activate the calcium release channel have been shown to be cardiotoxic, but it is not known whether this is a specific effect of channel activation or a more general result of raising cytoplasmic calcium concentration within the myocyte. Further research is required to determine accurately the mechanism of action of drugs with phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity.
Thank You to Our Reviewers
Authors: Frederick P. Rivara
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

You mean you do that for free?Why would you spend the time?What's in it for you?"These might be the comments to our peer reviewers from someone outside the scientific community.Our peer reviewers fit the adage that if you want something done, you ask a busy person.They are people with many other demands who freely give their time and expertise to JAMA Pediatrics by carefully reading manuscripts, thinking about them, writing detailed reviews, and sending them to us.These reviews