tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of optimal glycaemic control with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion on energy expenditure in type I diabetes mellitus.
Authors: P Leslie, R T Jung, T E Isles, J Baty, R W Newton, P Illingworth
Journal: BMJ (1986)

To assess the role of insulin in the control of body weight energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry in eight patients of normal weight with type I diabetes initially while poorly controlled during conventional insulin treatment and later during optimal glycaemic control achieved by using the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump. Their response to seven days of fat supplementation was also assessed and the results compared with those in eight non-diabetic subjects. After a mean of 5.3 months of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion the diabetic subjects had gained on average 3.5 kg. In the poorly controlled diabetic state the resting metabolic rate was raised but decreased by a mean of 374 kJ (90 kcal) per 24 hours with optimal glycaemic control. The thermic response to infused noradrenaline was reduced by 59% in the diabetic subjects, was not improved by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, but was improved when three of the subjects were given metformin in addition. The diabetic subjects had no abnormality in the thermic response to a meal while taking their usual diabetic diet. During fat supplementation, however, this thermic response was reduced when glycaemic control was poor but not when control was precise. Fat supplementation did not alter the resting metabolic rate or the reduced noradrenergic thermic response in the diabetic subjects. These findings suggest that precise glycaemic control could produce weight gain if energy intake remained unaltered, for diabetic subjects do not compensate for the decrease in metabolic rate by an increase in noradrenergic and dietary thermic responses. Also precise glycaemic control using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion does not correct all the metabolic abnormalities of diabetes mellitus.
Low proteins C and S and activation of fibrinolysis in treated essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Iwona Wieczorek, Ian R. Macgregor, Christopher A. Ludlam
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether abnormalities in the fibrinolytic system and in the naturally occurring anticoagulant proteins could contribute to the thrombotic risk in essential thrombocythemia. Euglobulin lysis time, fibrin plate lysis area, tissue plasminogen activator antigen, and activity and plasminogen activator inhibitor antigen were measured before and after venous occlusion in a group of 16 patients with essential thrombocythemia and in 16 healthy age and sex matched controls. In addition, resting levels of antithrombin III, D‐dimer, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, and protein C and S were assessed. The results were related to the presence or absence of a thrombotic history. The results demonstrated that the patients had a significantly elevated fibrin plate lysis area and significantly decreased plasminogen activator antigen, both at baseline and after venous occlusion. They also had significantly decreased levels of plasma protein C and total protein S. There was a modest, non‐significant elevation in the plasma concentration of D‐Dimer and F 1 + 2. Those patients with a history of thrombosis had significantly lower protein C levels compared with individuals without a thrombotic history. We conclude that patients with essential thrombocythemia have evidence of activated fibrinolysis in the resting state and after stimulation. This, and the decreased levels of protein C and total protein S, may be secondary to chronic clinically occult thrombosis occurring in myeloproliferative disorders. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rapid, enhanced, and persistent protection of patients with renal insufficiency by AS02V-adjuvanted hepatitis B vaccine
Authors: Murielle Surquin, Christian L. Tielemans, Imre Kulcsár, Miroslav Ryba, Péter Vörös, Olivier Mat, Serge Treille, Michel Dhaene, Jean-Claude Stolear, Sherine O. Kuriyakose, Maarten X. Leyssen, Sophie A. Houard
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
The Pyrethroid Pesticide Esfenvalerate Suppresses the Afternoon Rise of Luteinizing Hormone and Delays Puberty in Female Rats
Authors: Michelle D. Pine, Jill K. Hiney, Boyeon Lee, W. Les Dees
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

One of the most widely used classes of insecticides is the synthetic pyrethroids. Although pyrethroids are less acutely toxic to humans than to insects, in vitro studies have suggested that pyrethroids may be estrogenic.We assessed pubertal effects by orally administering 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg/day of the type II pyrethroid esfenvalerate (ESF) to female rats beginning on postnatal day (PND) 22 until vaginal opening. ESF administration suppresses serum estradiol and delays pubertal onset.To assess possible hypothalamic and/or pituitary effects, animals received 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg ESF or corn oil on PNDs 22-29. On PND30, we drew three blood samples (200 microL) from each rat at 15-min intervals beginning at 1000 hours, and again at 1500 hours. To test hypothalamic responsiveness, after the third afternoon sample, all animals received an intravenous injection of N-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid (NMA; 40 mg/kg), and then we drew two more samples. We performed a second experiment as above except that animals received luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH; 25 ng/rat) to test pituitary responsiveness.Basal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the afternoon hours were higher in control animals than in animals treated with 1.0 mg/kg ESF (p < 0.05). Furthermore, NMA- and LHRH-stimulated LH release was similar in control and ESF-treated animals, indicating that both hypothalamic and pituitary responsiveness, respectively, were unaffected.Although the hypothalamus is able to respond to exogenous stimuli, absence of a normal afternoon rise in LH would indicate a hypothalamic deficit in ESF-treated animals.
ASPIRATION THROMBECTOMY DURING PRIMARY ANGIOPLASTY AS ADJUNCTIVE THERAPY TO EARLY ABCIXIMAB ADMINISTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: AN ANALYSIS FROM LEIDEN MISSION! PROGRAM
Authors: Tarek A. Ahmed, Jael Z. Atary, Ron Wolterbeek, Hosam Hasan-Ali, Samir S. Abdel-Kader, Martin J. Schalij, J. Wouter Jukema
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Authors: Christlieb Haller, Mandeep Dhadly
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 May 1991The Tumor Lysis SyndromeChristlieb Haller, MD, Mandeep Dhadly, MDChristlieb Haller, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Mandeep Dhadly, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-9-808_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:We report a case of the acute tumor lysis syndrome arising from the empiric administration of "stressdose" glucocorticoids in a 75-year-old man with an occult lymphoid malignancy. The patient presented somnolent with a history of gradually increasing lethargy and hypotension. In 1979 and 1980, he had had craniotomies for the resection of a recurrent sphenoid meningioma. On admission, he had a blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg. He was afebrile without evidence of infection. The results of the neurologic examination were non-focal in the presence of obtundation. The results of the initial laboratory evaluation were significant only...References1. CohenBalowMagrathPoplackZiegler LJIDJ. Acute tumor lysis syndrome. A review of 37 patients with Burkitt's lymphoma. Am J Med. 1980;68:486-91. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SparanoRamirezWiernik JMP. Increasing recognition of corticosteroid-induced tumor lysis syndrome in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer. 1990;65:1072-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Christlieb Haller, MD; Mandeep Dhadly, MDAffiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA 02114 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAcute kidney injury associated with tumor lysis syndrome: a paradigm shiftTumor Lysis Syndrome after Hydrocortisone Treatment in Metastatic Melanoma: A Case Report and Review of the LiteratureDexamethazone-induced Acute Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a T-cell Malignant LymphomaARDS Associated With Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient With Non-Hodgkin's LymphomaTubular causes of renal failureCorticosteroid induced tumor lysis syndrome in acute lymphoblastic leukemiaDisorders of Calcium and Phosphate Regulation 1 May 1991Volume 114, Issue 9Page: 808-809KeywordsBlood pressureHypotensionResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Camptodactyly in a painting by Dirk Bouts (c. 1410-1475)
Authors: W Hijmans, J Dequeker
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

In 1464 Dirk (Dieric) Bouts received the commission for The Last Supper from the brotherhood of the Holy Sacrament of the Church of St Peter in Leuven. This ‘masterpiece’1 is a triptych with a painting of the Jewish Passover on the left lower wing. A detail is presented in Figure 1: a woman with a white turban holds the biblical ‘bitter herb’ (Exodus 12:8) in her right hand. One also notices a hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the right fifth finger with the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) slightly flexed. In the following paragraphs the various possibilities to explain this unusual presentation will be discussed. Our conclusion leads to a suggestion about the identity of the person depicted.



Figure 1

Detail from The Last Supper, by Dirk Bouts (from the Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage, Brussels, with permission)
Severe Henoch‐Schönlein purpura in a thalassemic patient under deferiprone treatment
Authors: Sule Unal, Safak Güçer, Gülsev Kale, Nesrin Besbas, Seza Özen, Fatma Gümrük
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Herein we present a 7‐year‐old β‐thalassemia major patient who developed severe Henoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP) with renal, pulmonary involvement and invagination while under iron chelation with deferiprone. DNA analysis for familial Mediterranean fever revealed M696V mutation. Various cellular and humoral immunological impairments have been described in thalassemia major patients and the severe course of HSP in our case may be related to these underlying immunological defects. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Progress in Evidence-Based Medicine
Authors: Victor M. Montori, Gordon H. Guyatt
Journal: JAMA (2008)

A new paradigm for medical practice is emerging. Evidence-based medicine de-emphasizes intuition, unsystematic clinical experience, and pathophysiologic rationale as sufficient grounds for clinical decision making and stresses the examination of evidence from clinical research. Evidence- based medicine requires new skills of the physician, including efficient literature searching and the application of formal rules of evidence evaluating the clinical literature.See PDF for full text of the original JAMA article.
Drug Treatment of Pneumonia in Adults
Authors: H. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1959)

In considering the treatment of patients with pneumonia it is useful to classify the pneumonias in two main groups: specific pneumonias and aspiration pneumonias.While this is not an absolutely satisfactory or theoretically complete classification, it has proved its worth in teaching and as a practical way of thinking about individual patients, especially in relation to treatment.Classification of the Pneumonias 1. Spedfic
Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty in Children: Long-Term Outcome and Critical Analysis of 10-Year Experience in a Teaching Center
Authors: Thomas Blanc, Cecile Muller, Hendy Abdoul, Stoyen Peev, Annabel Paye-Jaouen, Matthieu Peycelon, Elisabeth Carricaburu, Alaa El-Ghoneimi
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Thymic requirement for cyclical idiotypic and reciprocal anti-idiotypic immune responses to a T-independent antigen.
Authors: G Kelsoe, D Isaak, J Cerny
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

The role of the thymus in the cyclical appearance of the dominant idiotype of the myeloma protein secreted by the TEPC-15 plasmacytoma (T-15)-bearing plaque-forming cells (PFC) and anti-idiotypic cells (i.e., cells with receptors for T-15) in the spleen during a primary response to the phosphorylcholine determinant of Streptococcus pneumoniae, strain R36a (Pn) was studied using normal mice, thymus-deficient nude mice, and thymus gland-grafted nude mice (TG-nude). The nude mice and their phenotypically normal littermates (LM) were backcrossed on the BALB/c genetic background. The kinetics of the anti-Pn PFC response of BALB/c inbred mice, littermates of nude mice, and TG-nude mice were essentially the same. There was an initial peak on day 5-6 followed by a decline to near background, and then a second peak on day 12. In nude mice, the first peak of anti-Pn PFC (day 5) was comparable in magnitude to that of mice with an intact thymus; however, there was no second peak. In contrast to the cellular response measured at the level of PFC, the serum antibody response to Pn (assayed by passive hemagglutination of sheep erythrocytes coated with Pn polysaccharide) was comparable in all groups of mice and did not show a measurable oscillation. The anti-idiotypic cellular activity was determined by the ability of spleen cells to bind radiolabeled (125I) TEPC-15 myeloma protein (IgA, kappa) which carries an idiotypic determinant indistinguishable from that of most anti-phosphorylcholine antibodies in BALB/c mice. Binding of radiolabeled McPC-603 (IgA, kappa) and MOPC-315 (IgA, lambda 2) myeloma proteins (which lack the T-15 idiotypic determinant) served as controls. The changes in T-15 binding by splenic lymphocytes following the Pn immunization differed between normal and athymic mice. BALB/c, LM, and TG-nude mice showed a biphasic pattern with peaks at days 3--4 and 10--11 that was nearly reciprocal to the PFC curve. On the other hand, T-15 binding in nude mice either declined and remained depressed or was not affected by the ongoing anti-Pn response. These observations demonstrate that mature T cells are required for cyclical idiotypic and anti-idiotypic responses to immunization with a T-independent antigen and suggest that the cyclical immune response may result from an interaction between idiotypic and anti-idiotypic cell clones.
Activation of natural killer T cells in NZB/W mice induces Th1-type immune responses exacerbating lupus
Authors: Defu Zeng, Yinping Liu, Stephane Sidobre, Mitchell Kronenberg, Samuel Strober
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

In vivo treatment of mice with the natural killer T (NKT) cell ligand, α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer), ameliorates autoimmune diabetes and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by shifting pathogenic Th1-type immune responses to nonpathogenic Th2-type responses. In the current study, in vivo activation of NKT cells in adult NZB/W mice by multiple injections of αGalCer induced an abnormal Th1-type immune response as compared with the Th2-type response observed in nonautoimmune C57BL/6 mice. This resulted in decreased serum levels of IgE, increased levels of IgG2a and IgG2a anti–double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) Ab's, and exacerbated lupus. Conversely, treatment of NZB/W mice with blocking anti-CD1d mAb augmented Th2-type responses, increased serum levels of IgE, decreased levels of IgG2a and IgG2a anti-dsDNA Ab's, and ameliorated lupus. While total CD4+ T cells markedly augmented in vitro IgM anti-dsDNA Ab secretion by splenic B cells, the non–CD1d-reactive (CD1d-αGalCer tetramer-negative) CD4+ T cells (accounting for 95% of all CD4+ T cells) failed to augment Ab secretion. The CD1d-reactive tetramer-positive CD4+ T cells augmented anti-dsDNA Ab secretion about tenfold. In conclusion, activation of NKT cells augments Th1-type immune responses and autoantibody secretion that contribute to lupus development in adult NZB/W mice, and anti-CD1d mAb might be useful for treating lupus.
Affect, Emotional Conflict, and Deficit: An Overview
Authors: P.E. Sifneos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

Review Articles| February 18 2010 Affect, Emotional Conflict, and Deficit: An Overview Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology P.E. Sifneos P.E. Sifneos Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Hospital and Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School Boston, Mass., USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1991) 56 (3): 116–122. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288543 Article history Published Online: February 18 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P.E. Sifneos; Affect, Emotional Conflict, and Deficit: An Overview. Psychother Psychosom 1 March 1991; 56 (3): 116–122. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288543 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. 1991Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Acute cough in children
Authors: Alastair D Hay, Knut Schroeder, Tom Fahey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A previously well boy of 24 months is brought in by his mother in February. For 10 days he has had worsening cough, fever, and coryza. Both parents have asthma, and his mother is worried that he too might have asthma. ### What issues you should cover
Textbook of Surgery
Authors: John H. Wulsin
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In Britain, as the editors state in the preface, many medical students do not possess standard large texts of surgery. The present work is intended to fill this need for a comprehensive yet compact book at a moderate price.  To achieve homogeneity and awareness of the common problems of medical students, the number of contributors has been kept low. The style and composition lend the feeling of a single-authored text. The senior editor has written ten of the 31 chapters, and the coeditor, five. Five other authors contribute the balance. The editors have stressed general principles and accepted concepts rather than the divergent views of research workers. The book includes very little operative detail. Excellent line drawings emphasize practical points, but no original photographs or roentgenograms are reproduced.  The style is succinct, direct, and clear, as we have come to expect of English authors, and the diagrams are pertinent and
Registries of congenital anomalies: EUROCAT.
Authors: M F Lechat, H Dolk
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Congenital anomalies are one of the potential adverse effects of the environment on reproductive health. Registries of congenital anomalies are useful to detect abnormal frequencies, clusters, and trends. Such registries should meet a number of conditions, including an appropriate population denominator, an efficient system for collecting information, standardized diagnostic procedures, postmortem examinations of still-births, and linkage of records. The EUROCAT (European Registration of Congenital Anomalies and Twins) program is a Concerted Action of the Commission of the European Communities initiated in 1979. One of its objectives is the surveillance of congenital anomalies as related to environmental hazards. This surveillance system covers at present 350,000 births per year in 15 countries. A number of problems encountered in the development of EUROCAT and in the course of ongoing activities are reviewed: populations coverage, classification of malformations, coding, definition and coverage of late fetal death, registration of induced abortion, validation of diagnostic information, registration of late diagnosed cases, and maintenance of motivation in data collection. The issue of confidentiality and the need for strict safeguards for the protection of individual privacy are emphasized.
Investigate scale and causes of food poverty, say public health specialists
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Public health specialists have urged the UK government to set up an independent working group to monitor nutrition and hunger linked to “increasing” food poverty.

The call came in an open letter to Prime Minister David Cameron published on 1 May in the Lancet and signed by 170 members and associates of the Faculty of Public Health.1

The letter warned that increasing numbers of UK citizens were not earning enough to meet …
The injuries to JFK
Authors: D. W. Mantik
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The congruent skull and scalp defect described by Dr Humes was 400% larger in area than that reported in Dallas. The Dallas wound was more occipital; Humes described a chiefly parietal wound. Contemporary sketches prepared from the two sources are remarkably different.  Mr Breo 1,2 quotes Dr M. T. Pepper Jenkins as retracting his 1963 viewing of the cerebellum in Dallas. In fact, Jenkins repeated this for the Warren Commission hearings. Cerebellar tissue was also seen by Drs William Kent Clark, Charles Baxter, James Carrico, Robert McClelland, and reported by Dr Malcolm Perry to the House Select Committee on Assassinations.  The entrance wound, according to Humes, was near the external occipital protuberance. The Clark panel, 3 however, located it 100 mm (sic) superior to this site, ie, near the cowlick area. This 10-cm discrepancy was also confirmed by Dr Baden before the House Select Committee on Assassinations.