tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radiological Atlas of Bone Tumors
Authors: Howard L. Steinbach
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The Netherlands Committee on Bone Tumours includes radiologists, pathologists, and orthopedic and general surgeons. The present book represents a study of 1,569 welldocumented cases. It begins with general remarks on tumors of the skeleton and much statistical data. A chapter, "Radiographic Diagnosis of Bone Tumours," describes radiographic techniques and the presence and significance of destruction of bone, formation of bone—including various types of periosteal bone formation and reactive bone—calcification, and changes in shape of the bone. Each of the subsequent chapters is devoted to a separate entity. Included are all of the common primary tumors of bone and some of the rare ones, as well as malignant diseases of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues and metastatic tumors. The chapters describing the malignant bone tumors are extremely well organized, with brief discussions and statistical information, clinical features, radiographic, gross pathologic, and histologic appearances, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. References are brief
Hematologic Management of Hemophilia A for Surgery
Authors: Carol K. Kasper
Journal: JAMA (1985)

From mid-1967 to mid-1983, three hundred fifty surgical operations were performed on 163 patients with hemophilia A, without factor VIII inhibitor. One death occurred, in a patient with a serious head injury. Postoperative hemorrhages occurred after 23% of operations, but the incidence after surgery on the knee, 40%, was decidedly higher than the 15% incidence after operations at other sites. Concurrent plasma factor VIII levels were over 0.40 units/mL in 72% of instances and under 0.30 units/mL in only 15% of instances. The incidence of postoperative hemorrhage did not change over the study period despite a threefold increase in typical dosage of factor VIII (from 600 to 2,000 units/kg per operation) and doubling of typical trough factor VIII levels (from 0.37 units/mL to 0.70 units/mL). Circulating factor VIII levels apparently are not the sole determinants of postoperative bleeding in hemophilia A.
Abstract A23: Frequent ASS1 deficiency in bladder cancer and sensitivity to pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20): A potential novel therapeutic strategy
Authors: Michael Allen, Nelofer Syed, Tim Crook, Louise Jones, Nicholas R. Lemoine, Dan Berney, Peter Szlosarek
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Tumors deficient in argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1), a key enzyme involved in arginine synthesis, are auxtrophic for arginine and sensitive to amino acid deprivation. Based on reports of ASS1 negativity and arginine auxotrophy of prostate and renal cancers, we investigated the role of ASS1 and arginine depletion in bladder cancer, a common urological malignancy with limited treatment options for advanced disease. First, we screened 8 bladder cancer cell lines revealing very low mRNA levels and low or absent ASS1 protein in 4 of 8 cell lines. The ASS1 negative cell lines were all hypermethylated at the ASS1 promoter, compared with the ASS1 – positive cell lines, which were hypomethylated. An analysis of 48 patients with bladder cancer revealed 65% were ASS1 -negative by immunohistochemistry, with evidence for ASS1 methylation as a mechanism for ASS1 inactivation. There was no correlation between ASS1 loss and the type, grade or stage of bladder tumor. Next, we exposed two ASS1 -negative and two ASS1 -positive bladder cancer cell lines to pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20), an arginine depleting agent that is currently undergoing evaluation in several clinical trials in patients with solid malignancies. The ASS1-negative, but not the ASS1 -positive, bladder cancer cell lines were sensitive to ADI-PEG20 treatment. Current work is focussed on determining whether there is enhanced cell killing when ADI-PEG20 is combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. In summary, ADI-PEG20 is a potential novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of ASS1 – negative bladder cancer and warrants further investigation in the clinic. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):A23.
Unrecognized HIV Infection, Risk Behaviors, and Perceptions of Risk Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men—Six US Cities, 1994-1998
Authors: Florida Miami
Journal: JAMA (2002)

† Study participants who tested HIV-positive and who reported not ever testing HIV-positive previously.§ Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel chi-square comparing infected unaware with noninfected, controlling for city.¶ Measured by respondent answering "no chance of it," "very unlikely," or "unlikely" to the following question: "Which of the following describes how likely it is that you are infected with HIV today?" ** Measured by respondent agreeing with the following statement: "There is little chance that I could become infected with HIV, or infect others, from what I do sexually."† † Perceived low risk for both being HIV-infected and ever becoming infected.§ § Most recent HIV test before study participation.¶ ¶ With other men only during the 6-month period preceding the survey.*** Measured as not always using condoms during insertive or receptive anal intercourse.† † † More than one reason could be given.
Cancer risk in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Authors: Henrik Gregersen, Lene Mellemkj�r, Jenna Salling Ibsen, Henrik Toft S�rensen, J�rgen Helge Olsen, Jens Oluf Pedersen, Jens Frederik Dahlerup
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

To assess the cancer risk of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) we identified 1229 cases of MGUS in the period 1978 to 1993. Data on cancer occurrence in the MGUS cohort were obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. The expected numbers of cancer cases were calculated from age-, sex-, county-, and period-specific cancer incidence rates. In the MGUS cohort 64 new cancers with a known association with M-components were diagnosed versus 5.0 expected giving a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 12.9 (95% confidence interval, 9.9–16.5). The relative risks of developing multiple myeloma (SIR 34.3), Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (SIR 63.8), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (SIR 5.9) were significantly increased and independent of time passed from detection of the M-component. The relative risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia was not significantly increased, SIR 2.7 (0.5-7.7). Among cancer sites without known association with M-components 141 cases were observed versus 94.6 expected giving a SIR of 1.5 (1.3-1.8). This enhanced risk was seen for several non-hematological cancer sites but for most cancer sites the risk was dependent on time passed from detection of the M-component, indicating a bias rather than a causal role of MGUS. Am. J. Hematol. 63:1–6, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Alternate-Day, Low-Dose Aspirin and Cancer Risk: Long-Term Observational Follow-up of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Nancy R. Cook, I-Min Lee, Shumin M. Zhang, M. Vinayaga Moorthy, Julie E. Buring
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Chinese translation Background: Recent evidence suggests that daily aspirin use decreases cancer risk, particularly for colorectal cancer, but evidence for alternate-day use is scant. Objective: To examine the association between long-term, alternate-day, low-dose aspirin and cancer in healthy women. Design: Observational follow-up of a randomized trial. Setting: Female health professionals. Participants: 39 876 women aged 45 years or older in the Women's Health Study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00000479), 33 682 of whom continued observational follow-up. Intervention: 100 mg of alternate-day aspirin or placebo through March 2004, with a median 10-year follow-up. Posttrial follow-up continued through March 2012. Measurements: Cancer incidence. Results: A total of 5071 cancer cases (including 2070 breast, 451 colorectal, and 431 lung cancer cases) and 1391 cancer deaths were confirmed. Over the entire follow-up, aspirin had no association with total (hazard ratio [HR], 0.97 [95% CI, 0.92 to 1.03]; P = 0.31), breast (HR, 0.98 [CI, 0.90 to 1.07]; P = 0.65), or lung (HR, 1.04 [CI, 0.86 to 1.26]; P = 0.67) cancer. Colorectal cancer was reduced in the aspirin group (HR, 0.80 [CI, 0.67 to 0.97]; P = 0.021), primarily for proximal colon cancer (HR, 0.73 [CI, 0.55 to 0.95]; P = 0.022). The difference emerged after 10 years, with a posttrial reduction of 42% (HR, 0.58 [CI, 0.42 to 0.80]; P < 0.001). There was no extended effect on cancer deaths or colorectal polyps. More gastrointestinal bleeding (HR, 1.14 [CI, 1.06 to 1.22]; P < 0.001) and peptic ulcers (HR, 1.17 [CI, 1.09 to 1.27]; P < 0.001) occurred in the aspirin group. Limitations: Not all women received extended follow-up, and posttrial ascertainment bias cannot be ruled out. Gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcers, and polyps were self-reported during extended follow-up. Conclusion: Long-term use of alternate-day, low-dose aspirin may reduce risk for colorectal cancer in healthy women. Primary Funding Source: National Institutes of Health.
Relationship between beta-adrenergic receptor numbers and physiological responses during experimental canine myocardial ischemia.
Authors: A Mukherjee, L R Bush, K E McCoy, R J Duke, H Hagler, L M Buja, J T Willerson
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

In the present study, we evaluated the physiological responsiveness of the increased numbers of beta-adrenergic receptors in ischemic canine myocardium to in vivo stimulation by (-)-isoproterenol and epinephrine. After 1 hour of temporary proximal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and during a 15-minute period of reflow, dogs received (1)-isoproterenol intravenously at a rate sufficient to increase their heart rates 20--40 beats/min. Following the infusion of isoproterenol, myocardial tissue was obtained from the LV ischemic and nonischemic regions for measurement of beta-adrenergic receptor numbers, cyclic AMP content, and phosphorylase b to a conversion. beta-Adrenergic receptor numbers were significantly increased in the left ventricular (LV) ischemic tissue. The administration of (-)-isoproterenol was associated with significant increases in cyclic adenosine monophosphate content and phosphorylase b to a conversion in the LV ischemic tissue. Also, the administration of (-)-epinephrine significantly increased the phosphorylase b to a conversion in ischemic tissue over the nonischemic tissue and this conversion was blocked by pretreatment with (+/-)-propranolol. These data suggest that, in this experimental model, the increased numbers of beta-adrenergic receptors in canine LV ischemic tissue are capable of translating physiological responses when they are activated with an appropriate agonist in vivo.
Intermediate Coronary Care Units
Authors: Leon Resnekov
Journal: JAMA (1977)

CORONARY care units have functioned since 1962, 1 and despite some contrary views, 2 most physicians agree that they reduce the mortality from acute myocardial infarction if the patient survives long enough to be admitted. The mortality during the later in-hospital phase following acute myocardial infarction may, however, be as high as that within the unit itself, 3 and, in consequence, Gotsman and Shrire 4 proposed setting up an intermediate coronary care unit (ICCU) to provide the patient continued and progressive coronary care after he had left the coronary care unit (CCU). By 1971 Grace and Yarvote 5 began routinely monitoring patients beyond the fifth hospital day in a specially equipped and staffed area separate from the CCU, and Whipple et al 6 were also early in developing dedicated units of this type.  It seems reasonable, therefore, that when considering appropriate management for patients suffering coronary heart disease, we should
Effect of perioperative myocardial infarction on late survival in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
Authors: D L Namay, K E Hammermeister, M S Zia, T A DeRouen, H T Dodge, K Namay
Journal: Circulation (1982)

From the Seattle Heart Watch angiography registry, the baseline characteristics and late survival of 77 patients who sustained operative infarction (new Q waves) with myocardial revascularization were compared with 1790 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass without perioperative infarction. With the exception of coronary collateral vessels, which were less frequently seen in the patients with perioperative infarction, no baseline or operative characteristic distinguished between the two groups. Late survival was clearly adversely affected by perioperative infarction. Five-year survival was 76% in patients with perioperative infarction, compared with 90% in those with no perioperative infarction.
Impairment of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells for IFN Production by the Ligand for Immunoglobulin-Like Transcript 7 Expressed on Human Cancer Cells
Authors: Nobuo Tsukamoto, Starlyn Okada, Yoko Onami, Yusuke Sasaki, Kazuo Umezawa, Yutaka Kawakami
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are specialized cells to produce type I IFN. Infiltration of pDCs in cancer tissues that have impaired ability to produce IFN-alpha has been suggested to play immunosuppressive roles in tumor immunity. To identify potential mechanisms causing pDC impairment in the cancer microenvironment, expression of immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 ligands (ILT7L), which inhibits pDC production of type I IFNs on the surface of various human cancer and noncancer cells, was examined.To detect unidentified ILT7L, reporter cells, which express green fluorescent protein on interaction with ILT7L, were constructed. ILT7L expression on various human cancer cell lines as well as various noncancerous stromal cells and immune cells was examined. Cytokines and signals involved in the ILT7L expression were also investigated.ILT7L was detected on all of the various types of human cancer cell lines tested. IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, transforming growth factor-beta, lipopolysaccharide, and imiquimod induced ILT7L expression on cancer and noncancer cells. High ILT7L-expressing cancer cells inhibited production of IFN-alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by pDC stimulated with CpG. ILT7L does not appear to be a member of classic or nonclassic HLAs. Additionally, NF-kappaB and mammalian target of rapamycin are involved in regulating ILT7L expression.ILT7L expression on cancer cells may be one of the mechanisms for impairment of pDCs in the cancer microenvironment. ILT7/ILT7L signaling may normally enable a negative immune response feedback following viral infection. Intervention of the ILT7L/ILT7 system may be useful for enhancing antitumor immunity as well as antiviral immunity.
Gab2 signaling in chronic myeloid leukemia cells confers resistance to multiple Bcr-Abl inhibitors
Authors: F U Wöhrle, S Halbach, K Aumann, S Schwemmers, S Braun, P Auberger, D Schramek, J M Penninger, S Laßmann, M Werner, C F Waller, H L Pahl, R Zeiser, R J Daly, T Brummer
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Psychological, Allergic, and Toxicological Aspects of Patients with Amalgam-Related Complaints
Authors: Birgit Gottwald, Jörg Kupfer, Isabel Traenckner, Carolina Ganss, Uwe Gieler
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2002)

To deepen the understanding of the numerous unspecific complaints which are related to the dental material amalgam both in patients and physicians, an interdisciplinary case-control study regarding toxicological, allergic, psychological and psychiatric aspects was conducted. Forty patients with amalgam-associated complaints were compared to a well-matched group of 40 amalgam bearers without complaints.Patients and controls underwent a dental examination, which included recording of the quantity, surface area and quality of amalgam fillings, a determination of the mercury load in blood and urine, an allergy examination including patch testing with amalgam and a psychometric assessment with questionnaires noting coping strategies (ABI-UMW-P), interpersonal problems (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems) and self-consciousness (SAM), the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Symptom Checklist-90-R, Beck Depression Inventory and a screening instrument for somatoform disorders.Patients and controls did not differ with respect to mercury concentrations in body fluids. Only 1 patient was found to have a positive amalgam patch test; various other allergies could be determined in 28% of patients (n = 11). Patients had higher levels of psychic distress, a higher incidence of depression and somatization disorders as well as different styles of coping with anxiety compared to controls.No indication for mercury intoxication or amalgam allergy as a cause of the patients' complaints could be found. The theory of amalgam-related complaints as an expression of underlying psychic problems is supported. Treatment should focus on somatization and changing coping and attribution styles.
Reactive perforating collagenosis occurring in a zosteriform distribution
Authors: None Nakanishi, None Tsunemitsu, None Akagi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Journal Article Reactive perforating collagenosis occurring in a zosteriform distribution Get access G. Nakanishi, G. Nakanishi Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima City Hospital, 7‐33 Motomachi, Naka‐Ku, Hiroshima 730‐8518, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Tsunemitsu, R. Tsunemitsu Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima City Hospital, 7‐33 Motomachi, Naka‐Ku, Hiroshima 730‐8518, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Akagi O. Akagi Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima City Hospital, 7‐33 Motomachi, Naka‐Ku, Hiroshima 730‐8518, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 141, Issue 2, 1 August 1999, Pages 367–369, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.03007.x Published: 01 August 1999
Epidemiological profile of 806 Italian children with hepatitis C virus infection over a 15-year period
Authors: Flavia Bortolotti, Raffaele Jorio, Massimo Resti, Calogero Cammà, Matilde Marcellini, Raffaella Giacchino, Maria Grazia Marazzi, Gabriella Verucchi, Lucia Zancan, Cristiana Barbera, Giuseppe Maggiore, Pietro Vajro, Antonietta Giannattasio, Samuela Bartolacci
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
OBSERVATIONS WITH REGARD TO THE ACTION OF EPINEPHRIN ON THE CORONARY ARTERY
Authors: Edwards A. Park
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1912)

1. Excised rings of the coronary artery of the ox properly weighted react to epinephrin by dilatation. 2. This reaction of the ox coronary is not an active dilatation, but is in the nature of a sudden lowering from a high to a relatively low degree of tonus. The tonus is not, however, entirely abolished by epinephrin. 3. The degree of relaxation produced by epinephrin is not constant. It depends on several factors other than the concentration of epinephrin used. 4. It is possible to increase the sensitiveness of the coronary artery to epinephrin. 5. There is no evidence of any primary constrictor effect on the ox coronary from epinephrin in most dilute solutions, nor can the existence in this artery of any constrictor mechanism of sympathetic origin be determined by the excised ring method.
THE VALUE OF VARIOUS FORMS OF HEMOGLOBINOMETERS TO THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER
Authors: M. HOWARD FUSSELL
Journal: JAMA (1905)

We have undertaken this study because the general practitioner as a rule looks on hemoglobin instruments in general as a sort of medical toy, to be used largely by the consultant, and because we believe that the use of these instruments is practicable and that it does not take more time, nor nearly as much time with some forms, as is wasted over every patient by each of us. In 1899 one of us read a paper before the Pennsylvania Medical Society in which the following points were noted: The necessity of blood instruments becoming part of the equipment of every practitioner. The value of various blood examinations as pointing out the true diagnosis and treatment in many cases. The fact that blood examinations done in a routine manner do not take more time than is constantly wasted in gossip with each patient. We believe these points were well taken
US state rules that a viable fetus is a person
Authors: N. Macready
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A viable fetus is a person and covered by state child abuse laws, the Supreme Court of South Carolina has stated, in a ruling that differs from that of every other US state that has addressed the issue.

Cornelia Whitner, now 33, pleaded guilty in 1992 to criminal child neglect because she gave birth to a son with traces of cocaine in his system. She was …
Vitamins C and E Inhibit O <sub>2</sub> <sup>−</sup> Production in the Pig Coronary Artery
Authors: Gilberto L. Nunes, Keith Robinson, Anna Kalynych, Spencer B. King, Demetrios S. Sgoutas, Bradford C. Berk
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background We previously found in a pig coronary balloon injury model that vitamins C and E as well as probucol had beneficial effects on the vessel response to injury measured by morphometry . These effects correlated with an inhibition in the ability to oxidize LDLs ex vivo, suggesting that the morphological response was due to the antioxidant effect of the treatments. Methods and Results In the present study, the production of O 2 − by vessels 14 days after balloon injury was determined and correlated with circulating and tissue levels of vitamins C and E. Twenty-five domestic pigs were divided into four groups: control (n=7), vitamin C (500 mg/d, group C, n=6), vitamin E (1000 IU/d, group E, n=6), and vitamins C and E (500 mg/d and 1000 IU/d, group C+E, n=6). Vitamins were administered 7 days before oversized balloon injury of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and continued for 14 days after injury. Vitamin C and E concentrations were determined in plasma and lymphocytes as an index for tissue levels. Vessels were harvested after animals were killed, and O 2 − production was measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence. O 2 − production by the injured LAD was 2.5-fold greater than O 2 − production by the uninjured LAD or right coronary artery (RCA). The increase in O 2 − was caused primarily by cells present in the media and neointima. All vitamin-treated groups showed significantly decreased O 2 − production in both the RCA and LAD (≈45% inhibition) relative to vessels in the control, untreated group. There was a significant correlation between LAD O 2 − production and lymphocyte vitamin E levels. Conclusions The present study is the first to show increased O 2 − production in injured vessels and to demonstrate that antioxidant vitamins reduce O 2 − production. These results suggest that beneficial effects of antioxidant vitamins in coronary artery disease are related, in part, to alterations in vessel redox state.