tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New Development of Peroral Cholangioscopy - Evaluation of Double-angle, Oblique Viewing Cholangioscope
Authors: T. Fuji, S. Ariyama, K. Harima, T. Aibe, H. Amano, F. Asagami, T. Takemoto
Journal: Endoscopy (1984)

Seven years have passed since the first report on peroral cholangioscopy by Takekoshi and Takagi (1) in Japan. Recently, several types of peroral cholangioscope with a forceps channel have been made for this treatment. However, the success rate of insertion of these instruments into the common bile duct was less than 50%. Therefore, in cooperation with Fuji-Photo-Optical Co. Ltd., we have made a new scope with the aim of facilitating insertion into the bile duct. Using this new scope, called a double-angle, oblique viewing cholangioscope, we obtain good orientation in the duodenum in en-face view and close inspection of the duodenal papilla, which makes possible easier insertion into the common bile duct. This new scope proved useful in basket removal of bile duct stone, or differential diagnosis between stones and carcinoma of the biliary tract.
Abstract 4338: The lipogenic phenotype of HER2/neu-positive breast cancer cells
Authors: Jan M. Baumann, Douglas S. Conklin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract 15 - 30 % of all breast cancer cases are classified as HER2/neu-positive, a very aggressive form of breast cancer that correlates with a poor prognosis, reduced survival time and increased incidence of metastasis. We have shown that the HER2-positive breast cancer cell line BT474 relies on a unique Warburg-like metabolism for survival and aggressive behavior. These cells are dependent on fatty acid synthesis, presumably as a means to regenerate NAD+ for aerobic glycolysis. The cells show markedly increased levels of stored fats compared to other breast cancer cell lines and disruption of the synthetic process results in apoptosis. This metabolic phenotype is operating at its limits in HER2-positive cells, as addition of exogenous palmitate results in cell death, whereas HER2-normal cells are not affected by this treatment. Microarray analysis of palmitate-treated HER2/neu-positive SKBR3 cells and HER2-normal MCF7 cells suggests that palmitate induces an ER-stress response in the HER2-positive cells. This is congruent with protein markers for stress-related translational stalling, which ultimately result in CHOP-dependent cell death. Palmitate distinctly reduces the expression of the HER3 protein and combination treatments with palmitate and HER2-targeted therapeutic compounds show synergistic effects and markedly increase the cytotoxic effects of either compound alone. In addition to these translational changes, palmitate treatment of HER2/neu-positive SKBR3 cells results in AMPK activation and subsequent inhibition of fatty acid synthesis. Transcriptome and global metabolite profiling analyses of the effect of increased palmitate on these cells indicate that palmitate alters the metabolic phenotype by re-routing the glucose carbon flux in the cells. Supported by CDMRP Award W81XWH-11-1-0094 to Jan Baumann and NCI Award 5R01CA136658-03 to Douglas Conklin. Citation Format: Jan M. Baumann, Douglas S. Conklin. The lipogenic phenotype of HER2/neu-positive breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4338. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4338
P641 HIGH PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS D VIRUS (HDV) IN VIETNAMESE HBsAg-POSITIVE PATIENTS AND A NATURAL INTER-GENOTYPIC RECOMBINANT OF HDV-GENOTYPES 1 AND 2
Authors: T.S. Bui, B.A. Ratsch, M.H. Nguyen, T.P. Velavan, C.-T. Bock
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Fully Synthetic Carbohydrate-Based Vaccines in Biochemically Relapsed Prostate Cancer: Clinical Trial Results With α-<i>N</i>-Acetylgalactosamine-<i>O</i>-Serine/Threonine Conjugate Vaccine
Authors: Susan F. Slovin, Govindaswami Ragupathi, Cristina Musselli, Krystyna Olkiewicz, David Verbel, Scott D. Kuduk, Jacob B. Schwarz, Dalibor Sames, Samuel Danishefsky, Philip O. Livingston, Howard I. Scher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: We report the synthesis of a mucin-related O-linked glycopeptide, α-N-acetylgalactosamine-O-serine/threonine (Tn), which is highly simplistic in its structure and can induce a relevant humoral response when given in a trimer or clustered (c) formation. We tested for an antitumor effect, in the form of a change in the posttreatment versus pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) slopes, that might serve as a surrogate for effectiveness of vaccines in delaying the time to radiographic progression. Methods: We compared the antibody response to immunization with two conjugates, Tn(c)-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and Tn(c)-palmitic acid (PAM) with the saponin immunologic adjuvant QS21, in a phase I clinical trial in patients with biochemically relapsed prostate cancer. Patients received Tn(c)-KLH vaccine containing either 3, 7, or 15 μg of Tn(c) per vaccination. Ten patients received 100 μg of Tn(c)-PAM. QS21 was included in all vaccines. Five vaccinations were administered subcutaneously during 26 weeks with an additional booster vaccine at week 50. Results: Tn(c), when given with the carrier molecule KLH and QS21, stimulated the production of high-titer immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies. Inferior antibody responses were seen with T(c)-PAM. There was no evidence of enhanced immunogenicity with increasing doses of vaccine. An antitumor effect in the form of a decline in posttreatment versus pretreatment PSA slopes was also observed. Conclusion: A safe synthetic conjugate vaccine in a trimer formation was developed that can break immunologic tolerance by inducing specific humoral responses. It seemed to affect the biochemical progression of the disease as determined by a change in PSA log slope.
On Structural Diseases Induced through the Influence of the Nervous System
Authors: J. Hutchinson
Journal: BMJ (1880)

TuEa discussion which I have been requested to open concerns ques- tions of unusual difficulLy.The determination of the share which the nervous system takes in the production of structural disease is difficult, partly on accotunt of the extremely complex functions of the various parts of that system, and partly because nerve-tissue itself is liable to many and various forms of organic disorder.With diseases of the nervous system itself we have, on the present occasion, nothing to do; but, as I shall have to show before long, it is very easy to mistake, for a result of disturbance through nerves, certain symptoms which are probably produced by degeneration or inflammation of the nervous structure.Let me here say, I consider myself unusually fortunate in having to open this subject under the presidency of one to whom we owe some of the earliest and most suggestive teaching respecting it.It was from Sir James Paget's lectures at the College of Surgeons, twenty- five years ago, that my earliest interest in the subject dates;
A COMPLETE SET OF CURETTES FOR MASTOID AND MIDDDE EAR OPERATIONS.
Authors: S. S. BISHOP
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The illustration shows six curettes and spoons conveniently arranged in the form of three instruments. They are all-sharp except one that I have had left dull for work in the immediate vicinity of the facial nerve. The smallest one is my middle ear curette. The others are the sizes and forms I have found to be the most serviceable in the mastoid operations. It is a considerable advantage to have all the curettes we require within the compass of three instruments. It saves valuable time in selecting the various instruments as we proceed, and these all having the same general appearance, the eye recognizes them at a glance. The handles are flattened and roughened so as not to slip or turn easily. They will be found useful in other operations requiring curettes. They are fine specimens of the workmanship of Truax, Greene &amp; Co.
Analysis of the Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2) gene in familial myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Cécile Saint-Martin, Gwendoline Leroy, François Delhommeau, Gérard Panelatti, Sabrina Dupont, Chloé James, Isabelle Plo, Dominique Bordessoule, Christine Chomienne, André Delannoy, Alain Devidas, Martine Gardembas-Pain, Françoise Isnard, Yves Plumelle, Olivier Bernard, William Vainchenker, Albert Najman, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot
Journal: Blood (2009)
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone and Hypertension
Authors: THEODORE A. KOTCHEN, GORDON P. GUTHRIE
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1980)

IT HAS long been recognized that the kidney is intimately involved in the regulation of systemic arterial pressure. The capacity of the kidney to excrete sodium is possibly the most important determinant of arterial pressure (1). In 1898, Tigerstedt and Bergman identified a renal pressor substance subsequently named renin (2), and with the recent availability of assays for the measurement of renin, this substance has been widely studied in hypertensive diseases. Additionally, the kidney may produce a number of other vasopressor and vasodepressor substances. These substances have not been studied as extensively as renin, and their role in the pathogenesis of hypertension has not been clearly defined. The purpose of this paper is to describe the renin-angiotensinaldosterone axis and to review evidence for its contribution to the regulation of both normal arterial pressure and elevated arterial pressure in selected hypertensive diseases. Renin is produced within the portion of the renal afferent arteriole that is adjacent to an early segment of the distal convoluted tubule, the macula densa (3, 4).
Methotrexate reduced pain and improved function in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Lawrence E. Hart
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Abou-Raya A, Abou-Raya S, Khadrawe T. Methotrexate in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: randomised placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print] 24675098
Scientists Target Cocaine Addiction
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

WHILE EFFECTIVE MEDICATIONS foraddictionstoopioidsoralcoholhavebeenavailable for decades, clinicians must rely on behavioral therapies to treat patients who are addicted to cocaine. But that may soon changebecauseseveralexperimentaltreatmentshavedemonstratedpromiseinhelpingcurtailcocaineuseinpatientsorinanimal models of cocaine addiction. Results from an early clinical trial of a vaccine for cocaine addiction, published in October, showed that patients who achieved sufficient antibody levels reduced their cocaine use. Later that month, scientists presented data at the Society for Neuroscience’s annual meeting showing that in animal models of cocaine addiction an antibiotic and a drug used to treat acetaminophen overdose can help to normalize brain function and prevent relapse to cocaineseeking behavior. Current therapies for cocaine addiction use behavioral approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy. But these are unable to offer patients relief from the intense cravings and neurological alterations that accompany chronic cocaine use and may contribute to relapse. The new findings are stoking optimism that effective drug-based therapies for cocaine addiction may soon be available to the more than 2.7 million US residents who, according the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), are dependent on cocaine.
Neutropenia while receiving anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: S Rajakulendran, K Gadsby, D Allen, S O'Reilly, C Deighton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

are depleted. 10However, we did not detect autoantibodies associated with atrophic gastritis, pernicious anaemia or thyroiditis.Anti-CD25 treatment induced long-term steroid-free remission in our patient.However, further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of anti-CD25 antibody treatment in this and other forms of vasculitis.
Why I love a free lunch
Authors: Kinesh Patel
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Who’s ever heard of ivabradine? Who even knows how to pronounce it?

In a nutshell it’s a newish negatively chronotropic drug used to manage stable angina in patients who don’t tolerate s blockers. I certainly had never heard of it until a leaflet was handed to me by a smiling drug company representative at a sponsored lunch before a hospital grand round.

I know it’s not politically correct to say this, but I quite enjoy a free lunch, especially when it comes from Marks & Spencer. Judging by the number …
Reply to R.M. Memmott et al
Authors: Pamela J. Goodwin, Jennifer A. Ligibel, Vuk Stambolic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

We thank the authors 1 for their excellent summary of potential mechanisms of anticancer action of metformin.The assays they suggest were included as core embedded correlative research activities in a proposal for a large scale phase III trial of metformin in the adjuvant breast cancer setting developed by our group.
Patients should be sent copies of doctors letters about them
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

All doctors in the NHS should automatically send copies of referral letters and consultation results to the patient concerned, even if they contain bad news, according to the Department of Health's director of patient experience and public involvement.

Harry Cayton, chief executive of the Alzheimer's Society and currently on secondment to the department of health, is championing proposals outlined in the NHS Plan to improve communication between patients and doctors.

“What we are interested in is re-balancing the relationship between patients and health professionals,” he told a London conference of consultants, GPs, healthcare workers, and some patients, which launched the initiative.

Direct copies of blood test printouts, or copies of x ray films, should …
Alcohol intake and glycemia in American Indians: The strong heart study
Authors: Weiquan Lu, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Helaine E. Resnick, Arvind K. Jain, Kristina L. Jones, Adrienne M. Gottlieb, Thomas K. Welty, Elisa T. Lee, Richard R. Fabsitz, Barbara V. Howard
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
[364] INTERFERON-GAMMA PREVENTS CHEMICALLY INDUCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND PRENEOPLASTIC LESIONS IN LIVER INDEPENDENT OF FUNCTIONAL T-CELLS
Authors: S. Lilth, J. Schrader, J. Andreas, P. Schumacher, K. Reifenberg, M. Schuchmann, A.W. Lohse, J. Herkel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
ENCOURAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND ORIGINAL RESEARCH.
Authors: WM. ERNEST WALKER
Journal: JAMA (1900)

I have the honor of submitting for your consideration the following outline of a plan which has for its object the encouragement of higher education and original research. To this end I propose that the Section on Stomatology of theAmerican Medical Associationtake steps to acquire the power or authority, whether by charter or otherwise, by virtue of which it may be empowered to confer on deserving individuals, regardless of sex, the degree of S.D.,<i>Stomatologiœ Doctor</i>—Doctor of Stomatology—and in order that this degree may stimulate to higher education and original research I would recommend that this degree be conferred strictly and only on compliance with the following requirements: 1, that the recipient shall be of good moral character and in good professional standing; 2, that he shall have previously acquired the degree of M.D. from an institution not conferring the degree of M.D., subsequent to 1903, on
German scientists want dialogue with the public
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (1999)

German science organisations have launched a new initiative to try to create a more favourable climate for science.

In Germany science is perceived as having an evil as well as a good side, and German pharmaceutical firms have consequently tended to site most of their research and production facilities abroad, especially in the US and Britain. The presidents of all the major German science organisations recently signed a memorandum agreeing …
Monitoring of WT1 expression in PB and CD34+ donor chimerism of BM predicts early relapse in AML and MDS patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning
Authors: T Lange, M Hubmann, R Burkhardt, G-N Franke, M Cross, M Scholz, S Leiblein, H K Al-Ali, J Edelmann, J Thiery, D Niederwieser
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
Deafness Gene Identified
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Paclitaxel Directly Binds to Bcl-2 and Functionally Mimics Activity of Nur77
Authors: Cristiano Ferlini, Lucia Cicchillitti, Giuseppina Raspaglio, Silvia Bartollino, Samanta Cimitan, Carlo Bertucci, Simona Mozzetti, Daniela Gallo, Marco Persico, Caterina Fattorusso, Giuseppe Campiani, Giovanni Scambia
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

We reported previously that Bcl-2 is paradoxically down-regulated in paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells. We reveal here that paclitaxel directly targets Bcl-2 in the loop domain, thereby facilitating the initiation of apoptosis. Molecular modeling revealed an extraordinary similarity between the paclitaxel binding sites in Bcl-2 and beta-tubulin, leading us to speculate that paclitaxel could be mimetic of an endogenous peptide ligand, which binds both proteins. We tested the hypothesis that paclitaxel mimics Nur77, which, like paclitaxel, changes the function of Bcl-2. This premise was confirmed by Nur77 interacting with both paclitaxel targets (Bcl-2 and beta-tubulin) and a peptide sequence mimicking the Nur77 structural region, thus reproducing the paclitaxel-like effects of tubulin polymerization and opening the permeability transition pore channel in mitochondria. This discovery could help in the development of novel anticancer agents with nontaxane skeleton as well as in identifying the clinical subsets responsive to paclitaxel-based therapy.
A Hypothesis to Account for the Mary Walker Phenomenon
Authors: BERNARD M. PATTEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Certain myasthenic patients show that their skeletal muscles produce a substance during ischemic exercise which, when released into the circulation, increases muscle weakness. This phenomenon has been named after Mary Walker, the physician who popularized its demonstration. It is suggested that ischemic exercise produces lactic acid that binds calcium, reducing ionized and total serum calcium. The decreased calcium has an adverse effect on skeletal muscle function especially in patients with myasthenia gravis, where neuromuscular function is often so precarious it may be interrupted by weak inhibitors.
Collaborative Care for Post-CABG Depression
Authors: Geoff D. Schrader, Frida Cheok, John F. Beltrame
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Basis for the control of purine biosynthesis by purine ribonucleotides.
Authors: M Itakura, R L Sabina, P W Heald, E W Holmes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

An animal model was used to determine the basis for the increase in purine biosynthesis that results from hepatic depletion of purine nucleotides, such as seen in patients with type I glycogen storage disease or following fructose administration. Mice were injected intravenously with glucose or fructose, 2.5 mg/g of body weight, and the animals were killed at 0, 3, and 30 min following carbohydrate infusion. Fructose, but not glucose, administration led to a threefold increase in [14C]glycine incorporation into hepatic purine nucleotides documenting an increase in the rate of purine biosynthesis in the liver of fructose-treated animals. In the fructose, but not the glucose-treated animals, there was a reduction in the hepatic content of purine nucleotides that are inhibitory for amidophosphoribosyltransferase, the enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction unique to the pathway of purine biosynthesis. PP-ribose-P, an important metabolite in the control of purine biosynthesis, was increased 2,3-fold in liver following fructose, but not glucose administration. In conjunction with the decrease in inhibitory nucleotides and increase in PP-ribose-P 29% of amidophosphoribosyltransferase was shifted from the large inactive to the small active form of the enzyme. Results of these studies demonstrate that the end-products of the pathway, purine nucleotides, control the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction leading to purine nucleotide synthesis either through a direct effect of purine nucleotides on the enzyme, through an indirect effect of the change in nucleotides on PP-ribose-P synthesis, or a combination of these effects. The resultant changes in amidophosphoribosyltransferase conformation and activity provide a basis for understanding the increase in purine biosynthesis that results from hepatic depletion of purine nucleotides.