tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of maternal cholestasis on bile acid transfer across the rat placenta–maternal liver tandem
Authors: Rocio I. Macias, Maria J. Pascual, Ana Bravo, Maria P. Alcalde, Monica G. Larena, Marie V. St.-Pierre, Maria A. Serrano, Jose J.G. Marin
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Cholestasis of pregnancy induces alterations in bile acid transport by human trophoblast plasma membrane (TPM) vesicles. We investigated whether maternal cholestasis affects the overall ability of the rat placenta to carry out vectorial bile acid transfer from the fetus to the mother. Complete obstructive cholestasis (OCP) was maintained during the last week of pregnancy and released at term (day 21), before experiments were performed. In situ single-pass perfusion of one placenta per rat with 250 nmol [ 14 C]glycocholic acid (GC) revealed an impaired uptake in OCP rats (2.28 vs. 5.53 nmol in control rats). Approximately 100% of GC taken up by control placentas was secreted in maternal bile over 120 minutes (5.38 nmol), whereas this was only 61% (1.40 nmol) of the GC taken up by OCP placentas. When 5 nmol GC was administered through the jugular vein no significant difference between both groups in total GC bile output was found. The efficiency ( V max / K M ) of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent GC transport by vesicles from the maternal side of TPM was decreased (−41%) in OCP. Moreover, histological examination of the placentas suggested a reduction in the amount of functional trophoblast in the OCP group. This was consistent with a lower antipyrine diffusion across the placenta in these animals. In sum, our results indicate that maternal cholestasis affects the ability of the placenta to efficiently carry out bile acid transfer from fetal to maternal blood. Changes in both the structure and the functionality of the chorionic tissue may account for this impairment.
Role of Calclum and Lanatoside C in Increasing Oxygen Consumption in Human Myocardial Tissue Slices
Authors: Lamar Crevasse, Myron W. Wheat
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

1 x 10 -6 M Lanatoside C has been demonstrated to produce a sustained increase in oxygen consumption in human myocardial tissue slices as previously demonstrated by Burdette. This acceleration of qO 2 is independent of the substrates employed with the exception of succinate. This qO 2 acceleration has been demonstrated to be calcium dependent in human heart tissue slices similar to the known interrelationship of calcium and digitalis on myocardial contractility. The observation that the greatest increase in qO 2 occurred with glucose and without exogenous substrate suggests that the increase in qO 2 induced by the glycoside is dependent upon a stimulatory effect on glycolysis.
EPIGLOTTITIS
Authors: Roy R. Vetto
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Epiglottitis in children is generally abrupt in onset and often progresses from the first symptoms to a fatal respiratory obstruction in four to six hours. Most patients in the present series came to the hospital with fever and leukocytosis, but the gravity of their condition was not always proportionate to the extent of the leukocytosis. Of the 37 cases here reported, 20 (54%) occurred in boys, and 31 (84%) were in children between the ages of 1 and 5 years. Two patients were dead on arrival at the hospital, and one died within a few hours after admission; the mortality was 8%. Histories of the three fatal cases are given to illustrate the necessity of constant observation of the patient, the abrupt onset of respiratory obstruction, and the place of tracheotomy in management of the disease. Tracheotomy was carried out to prevent asphyxiation in 12 (34 % of the 35 patients who were treated in the hospital.
Abstract 3757: PTGS1 and PTGS2 polymorphisms, fatty acid intake, and risk of colon and rectal cancer
Authors: Nina Habermann, Martha L. Slattery, Elizabeth M. Poole, Liren Xiao, Rachel L. Galbraith, David Duggan, Richard J. Kulmacz, Bette J. Caan, Lisel Koepl, Anna E. Coghill, Karen W. Makar, Abbie Lundgreen, John D. Potter, Cornelia M. Ulrich
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Inflammation plays a major role in colorectal cancer. COX-1 and COX-2 convert n-3 and n-6 fatty acids into prostaglandins which have anti- and pro-inflammatory effects, respectively. We examined potential interactions between polymorphisms in PTGS1 (COX-1) and PTGS2 (COX-2) and fat and fatty acid (FA) intake in relation to colon and rectal cancer risk. Methods: A linkage-disequilibrium-based tagSNP-selection algorithm (r2=0.90, MAF=4%) identified tagSNPs in PTGS1 and PTGS2. We genotyped 16 SNPs in PTGS1 and 17 SNPs in PTGS2 on the same Illumina platform in two independent study populations (colon cancer: 1502 cases, 1862 controls; rectal cancer 713 cases, 914 controls). We investigated potential interactions with intake of total fat, saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on risk of colon or rectal cancer. Results: We observed several statistically significant interactions between PTGS1 and PTGS2 genotypes and fat and FA intake (Table). However, few interactions were consistent across fat variables and fell into three general categories of associations: a) individuals with the variant allele and low intake of total fat, SFA, or MUFA were at increased risk for rectal cancer (PTGS1 rs10306122-G, p int=0.01-0.01; PTGS2 rs4648268-A; p int=0.01-0.02); b) individuals with the variant allele and high EPA and DHA intake were less likely to develop colon cancer (PTGS1 rs10306110-G, p int=0.003-0.006); and c) individuals with the wildtype genotype and high EPA and DHA intake had stronger protection from colon cancer (PTGS2 rs4648310-A, p int=0.01-0.05). No interactions were observed for AA. Conclusion: Our study provides some evidence that genetic variability in PTGS1 and PTGS2 and intake of total fat, SFA, or MUFA and EPA or DHA may interact in causing rectal and colon cancer, respectively. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3757. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3757
Lack of high affinity fiber receptor activity explains the resistance of ciliated airway epithelia to adenovirus infection.
Authors: J Zabner, P Freimuth, A Puga, A Fabrega, M J Welsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Although recombinant adenoviruses are attractive vectors for gene transfer to airway epithelia, they have proven to be relatively inefficient. To investigate the mechanisms of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to airway epithelia, we examined the role of adenovirus fiber and penton base, the two proteins involved in attachment to and entry of virus into the cell. We used human airway epithelia grown under conditions that allow differentiation and development of a ciliated apical surface that closely resembles the in vivo condition. We found that addition of fiber protein inhibited virus binding and vector-mediated gene transfer to immature airway epithelia, as well as to primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and HeLa cells. However, fiber protein had no effect on vector binding and gene transfer to ciliated airway epithelia. We obtained similar results with addition of penton base protein: the protein inhibited gene transfer to immature epithelia, whereas there was no effect with ciliated epithelia. Moreover, infection was not attenuated with an adenovirus containing a mutation in penton base that prevents the interaction with cell surface integrins. These data suggest that the receptors required for efficient infection by adenovirus are either not present or not available on the apical surface of ciliated human airway epithelia. The results explain the reason for inefficient gene transfer and suggest approaches for improvement.
Reply to Sven Brandau and Henrik Suttmann’s Letter to the Editor re: Salvatore Siracusano, Francesca Vita, Rita Abbate, Stefano Ciciliato, Violetta Borelli, Massimiliano Bernabei and Giuliano Zabucchi. The Role of Granulocytes Following Intravesical BCG Prophylaxis. Eur Urol 2007;51:1589–99
Authors: Salvatore Siracusano
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Additional Evidence Implicating Moist Snuff as a Potent Carcinogen
Authors: S. L. Tomar, J. E. Henningfield
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

al. Identification of a peptide recognized by five melanoma-specific human cytotoxicTcell lines. Science 1994;264:716-9. (12) Gaugler B, Van den Eynde B, van der Bruggen P, Romero P, Gafforio JJ, De Plaen E, et al. Human gene MAGE-3 codes for an antigen recognized on a melanoma by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med 1994; 179:921-30. (13) Kawakami Y, Eliyahu S, Delgado CH, Robbins PF, Sakaguchi K, Appella E, et al. Identification of a human melanoma antigen recognized by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes associated with in vivo tumor rejection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994;91:6458-62. (14) van der Bruggen P, Traversari C, Chomez P, Lurquin C, De Plaen E, Van den Eynde B, et al. A gene encoding an antigen recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes on a human melanoma. Science 199I;254:1643-7. (15) Fenton RG, Keller CJ, Hanna N, Taub DD. Induction of T-cell immunity against Ras oncoproteins by soluble protein or Ras-expressing Escherichia coll.} Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1853-61. (16) Rock KL, Gamble S, Rothstein L. Presentation of exogenous antigen with class I major histocompatibihty complex molecules. Science 1990;249: 918-21. (17) Rock KL, Rothstein L, Gamble S, Fleischacker C. Characterization of antigen-presenting cells that present exogenous antigens in association with class I MHC molecules. J Immunol 1993; 150:438-46. (18) Fossum B, Gedde-DahJ T 3d, Breivik J, Eriksen JA, Spurkland A, Thorsby E, et al. p21-ras-peptide-specific T-cell responses in a patient with colorectal cancer. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells recognize a peptide corresponding to a common mutation (13Gly-»Asp). Int J Cancer 1994;56:40-5.
Murine alanine aminotransferase: cDNA cloning, functional expression, and differential gene regulation in mouse fatty liver
Authors: Sanjay B. Jadaho, Rong-Ze Yang, Qiang Lin, Hong Hu, Frank A. Anania, Alan R. Shuldiner, Da-Wei Gong
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a widely used index of liver integrity or hepatocellular damage in clinics as well as a key enzyme in intermediatary metabolism. In this study, we have cloned the complementary DNAs of murine homologues of human alanine aminotransferase 1 and 2 (ALT1 and ALT2). The deduced peptides of murine ALT1 (mALT1) and ALT2 (mALT2) share 87% and 93% identity, respectively, with their human counterparts at the amino acid level. Murine ALT genes localize to separate chromosomes, with mALT1 gene (gpt1) on chromosome 15 and mALT2 gene (gpt2) on chromosome 8. The murine gpt1 and gpt2 differ in messenger RNA expression: gpt1 is mainly expressed in liver, bowel, and white adipose tissue and gpt2 is highly expressed in muscle, liver, and white adipose tissue. Expression of recombinant mALT1 and mALT2 proteins in Escherichia coli (E. coli) produced functional enzymes that catalyze alanine transamination. The potential diagnostic value of ALT isoenzymes in liver disease was evaluated in an obese animal model. In fatty livers of obese mice, ALT2 gene expression is induced 2-fold, but ALT1 remains the same. Furthermore, in fatty liver, total hepatic ALT activity is elevated significantly by 30% whereas aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity remains unchanged. In conclusion, these results indicate that ALT2 may be responsible for the increased ALT activity in hepatic steatosis and provide evidence that an ALT isoenzyme-specific assay may have more diagnostic value than the total ALT activity assay currently in clinical use.
The p53 Protein Is a Novel Substrate of Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2 and a Critical Intermediary for Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2 and Histone H3 Interaction
Authors: Yong-Yeon Cho, Zhiwei He, Yiguo Zhang, Hong Seok Choi, Feng Zhu, Bu Young Choi, Bong Seok Kang, Wei-Ya Ma, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 protein is one of the most highly connected nodes in cellular signal transduction pathways and acts as a central regulatory switch in networks controlling cell proliferation and apoptosis. It is involved in the activation of genes that maintain control over cellular responses to DNA errors such as DNA repair, chromosomal recombination, and chromosome segregation. Here we show that ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) activates and phosphorylates p53 (Ser15) in vitro and in vivo and colocalizes with p53 in the nucleus. Deficiency of p53 diminishes RSK2-mediated phosphorylation of histone H3 (Ser10) and adding back p53 to p53−/− embryonic fibroblasts restored phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10. These results show that the p53 protein is an important substrate of RSK2 and a critical intermediary in the RSK2 and histone H3 interaction. The RSK2-p53-histone H3 complex may likely contribute to chromatin remodeling and cell cycle regulation.
Identification of Patients
Authors: F. KEVIN MURPHY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 December 1973Identification of PatientsF. KEVIN MURPHY, M.D., H. BRUCE DULL, M.D.F. KEVIN MURPHY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. BRUCE DULL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-6-907_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Fierer, Bazeley, and Braude in the August issue (Ann Intern Med 79:225-228, 1973) will be appreciated by physicians, immunologists, and virologists alike for its importance to the understanding of the pathogenesis of herpesvirus infections in general, and of herpes B encephalomyelitis in particular. Their cogently presented argument for latency and reactivation of herpes B makes their paper considerably more valuable than the usual case report, and it has far-reaching implications for the epidemiology of this disease in laboratory personnel.But we find highly objectionable the use, in published medical reporting, of patient identification that... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Center for Disease Control Atlanta, Georgia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe case report. I. Guidelines for preparation 1 December 1973Volume 79, Issue 6Page: 907-907KeywordsEncephalomyelitisEpidemiologyPathogenesisResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 December 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Intracellular targeting of sodium mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate (BSH) to solid tumors by transferrin-PEG liposomes, for boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT)
Authors: Kazuo Maruyama, Osamu Ishida, Satoshi Kasaoka, Tomoko Takizawa, Naoki Utoguchi, Atsuko Shinohara, Momoko Chiba, Hisao Kobayashi, Masazumi Eriguchi, Hironobu Yanagie
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2004)
Subaortic fibrous ridge and ventricular septal defect: role of septal malalignment.
Authors: P Zielinsky, M Rossi, J C Haertel, D Vitola, F A Lucchese, R Rodrigues
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the presence of a subaortic ridge associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) is related to a malaligned ventricular septum caused by anterior or posterior deviation of the infundibular septum with or without obstructive lesions of the aortic arch. Thirty-two of 295 patients in whom a diagnosis of VSD was made by two-dimensional echocardiography and who were studied from June 1983 to April 1985 presented with a subaortic shelf. Every patient (p less than .00001) had a malalignment type of defect; the defect was produced by anterior deviation of the outlet septum (without compromise of the right ventricular outflow tract) in 28 and by posterior deviation of the infundibular septum in four. The prevalence of a subaortic shelf in the malalignment VSD group was 82% (32/39). Among the 28 patients with a subaortic ridge and anterior deviation of the outlet septum only three had aortic coarctation, but all four patients with subaortic stenosis and posterior infundibular malalignment had obstructive lesions of the aortic arch--coarctation in three and interruption of the aortic arch in one (p less than .001). We conclude that a malalignment type of VSD may be a consistent feature in patients with VSD and associated discrete subaortic stenosis. We also noted a high prevalence of subaortic ridge in the presence of a malalignment VSD and therefore speculate that there may be a common morphogenesis for malalignment VSD, subaortic shelf, and obstructive lesions of the aortic arch.
G-749, a novel FLT3 kinase inhibitor, can overcome drug resistance for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hee Kyu Lee, Hong Woo Kim, In Yong Lee, Jungmi Lee, Jaekyoo Lee, Dong Sik Jung, Sang Yeop Lee, Sung Ho Park, Haejun Hwang, Jang-Sik Choi, Jung-Ho Kim, Se Won Kim, Jung Keun Kim, Jan Cools, Jong Sung Koh, Ho-Juhn Song
Journal: Blood (2014)
Multiple "Cold" Areas Demonstrated on Bone Scintigraphy in a Patient With Neuroblastoma
Authors: ANTHONY M. COOK, STEVEN WALLER, MERLE K. LOKEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

A “cold” or photopenic defect on bone scintigraphy is a well recognized phenomenon and has been described in several conditions affecting bone. An unusual case of multiple “cold” defects in a patient with stage IV neuroblastoma is presented. A follow-up scan with the patient in clinical remission shows resolution of these “cold” defects. The patient subsequently relapsed and again multiple new “cold” defects were noted on bone scintigraphy. The possible etiology of “cold” defects is discussed.
One Problem in Medical Ethics
Authors: Henry A. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA (1965)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— Your editorial Some Problems in Medical Ethics (193:301, July 26, 1965) discusses the obligation of senior to junior scientists, a problem which must be faced by every investigator in all branches of science. The ethics of the matter are clear; the practice of those ethics, as in all human endeavor, varies as widely as do the moral characters of the individuals concerned.A senior investigator owes as much guidance and help to young individuals as he can reasonably spare. The senior investigator is a doctor in the true sense of the word, a teacher, and it is his obligation to train young scientists for the future. Without fulfilling that obligation, the future of science would be dim.Credit for research belongs to him who creates from his imagination a hypothesis and to him who tests that hypothesis in the laboratory or the clinic according to experimental
<i>S</i> -Ethyl- <i>N,N</i> -dipropylthiocarbamate Exposure and Cancer Incidence among Male Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study: A Prospective Cohort
Authors: Dana M. van Bemmel, Kala Visvanathan, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Joseph Coble, Jane A. Hoppin, Michael C.R. Alavanja
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective cohort study of licensed pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina enrolled between 1993 and 1997. EPTC (S-ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate) is a thiocarbamate herbicide used in every region of the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that EPTC is most likely not a human carcinogen; however, the previous epidemiologic data on EPTC exposure and cancer risk were limited.
Understanding and overcoming the immunosuppressive effects of glioma induced immunosuppression
Authors: Christopher Moertel, Junzhe Xi, Michael R Olin
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Utilizing tumors as a source of vaccination antigens in immunotherapy has demonstrated promising results with minimal toxicity. Unfortunately, researchers have failed to overcome the overpowering suppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment. Recently we demonstrated that the
Recognition and Management Of Airway Obstruction
Authors: Yale J. Berry
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The article by Peter Safar, MD (<b>208</b>:1008, 1969), states: "orotracheal and nasotracheal tubes have been left in place for as long as two weeks without serious complications." The ear, nose, and throat literature is replete with cases of orotracheal and nasotracheal intubation as causes of death, as causes of tracheal necrosis, and as causes of many other serious complications. Certainly if an emergency airway has to be established, and this is a convenient way to do so, then these tubes can be inserted. But, if the tube is to remain in for any length of time, or if the patient is awake, coughing, tugging, or choking on the tube, then the tube should be removed and/or a tracheotomy should be performed. The use of tubes for more than a few hours is to be condemned.
Longitudinal melanonychia in lichen planus
Authors: R. Baran(Cannes), E. Jancovici(Marseilles), J. Sayag(Marseilles), R.P.R. Dawber(Oxford)
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Longitudinal melanonychia in lichen planus Get access R. Baran(Cannes), R. Baran(Cannes) The Dermatological Unit, General Hospital, 06407 Cannes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Jancovici(Marseilles), E. Jancovici(Marseilles) The Dermatological Unit, General Hospital, 06407 Cannes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Sayag(Marseilles), J. Sayag(Marseilles) The Dermatological Unit, General Hospital, 06407 Cannes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.P.R. Dawber(Oxford) R.P.R. Dawber(Oxford) The Dermatological Unit, General Hospital, 06407 Cannes, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue 3, 1 September 1985, Pages 369–370, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02093.x Published: 01 September 1985