tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of the heat shock response in rats modulates heart rate, creatine kinase and protein synthesis after a subsequent hyperthermic treatment
Authors: R W. Currie, B. M Ross, T. A Davis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Study objective – The aim of the study was to examine the effect of prior induction of the heat shock response on heat shock protein synthesis and physiological variables relevant to the shock response. Design – Synthesis of heat shock protein (SP71, molecular mass 71000) was induced in rats by 15 min hyperthermia (42°C). Protein synthesis, heart rate, blood pressure and creatine kinase activity were determined in comparison with controls (no heat shock) and a group receiving two heat shock treatments 24 h apart (prior induction group). Subjects – 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats (125-150 g) were used, divided into three groups: controls (n=4), heat shock × 1 (HS, n=ll), heat shock × 2 (2×HS, n=9). Heat shock was induced under anaesthesia on a heating pad. Measurements and results – Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at the beginning of the hyperthermia period, when body temperature first reached 42°C (t=0 min) and at the end of the hyperthermia treatment (t=15 min). At t=0 min systolic blood pressure and heart rate were increased compared to the control values in both HS and 2×HS groups. At t=15 min heart rate in the HS group was increased to 554 (SEM21) beats·min−1v control 465(19) (p<0.05). In the 2×HS group, heart rate of 494(14) beats·min−1 at t=15 min was not significantly different from control. At t=15 min, creatine kinase values in the hyperthermia treatment groups were not different from control. However at 2.5 h after hyperthermic treatment plasma creatine kinase was increased in the HS group to 481(83) mU·ml−1 (n=6) v 223(20) in controls, but was not increased in the 2×HS group [178(64), n=4]. Rats were radiolabelled for 2 h with 1.0 mCi of [35S]-methionine 30 min after hyperthermic treatment in HS group and 30 min after the second hyperthermic treatment in 2×HS group. Following the 2×HS treatment, synthesis of SP71, though increased above control values, was lower than in the HS group. Conclusions – The reduction in heart rate, plasma creatine kinase and synthesis of SP71 following a second hyperthermic exposure could be caused by a protective influence of the first exposure.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Confers Resistance to Hypoxic Injury in the Adult Mammalian Cardiac Myocyte
Authors: Masayuki Nakano, Anne A. Knowlton, Ziad Dibbs, Douglas L. Mann
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Previous studies in isolated cardiac myocytes have shown that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α provokes increased expression of 27- and 70-kD stress proteins as well as manganese superoxide dismutase, suggesting that TNF-α might play a role in mediating stress responses in the heart. Methods and Results —To determine whether TNF-α stimulation would protect isolated cardiac myocytes against environmental stress, myocyte cultures were pretreated with TNF-α for 12 hours and then subjected to continuous hypoxic injury (O 2 content, 3 to 5 ppm) for 12 hours, followed by reoxygenation. Cell injury was assessed in terms of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release, 45 Ca 2+ uptake, and MTT metabolism. Pretreatment with TNF-α concentrations ≥50 U/mL significantly attenuated LDH release by hypoxic cells compared with diluent-treated hypoxic cells. Similar findings were observed with respect to 45 Ca 2+ uptake and MTT metabolism in TNF-α–pretreated cells that were subjected to prolonged hypoxia. To determine the mechanism for the TNF-α–induced protective effect, the cells were pretreated with heat shock protein (HSP) 72 antisense oligonucleotides. These studies showed that the protective effect of TNF-α was not inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides, despite use of a concentration of antisense that was sufficient to attenuate the TNF-α–induced increase in HSP 72 expression. Subsequent studies using mutated TNF ligands showed that activation of both types 1 and 2 TNF receptors was sufficient to confer a protective response in isolated cardiac myocytes through an as yet unknown pathway(s). Conclusions —Taken together, the above observations demonstrate that TNF-α pretreatment confers resistance to hypoxic stress in the adult cardiac myocyte through a novel mechanism that appears to be different from but not necessarily exclusive of the protective response conferred by HSP 72 expression.
Personal Responsibility and Physician Responsibility — West Virginia's Medicaid Plan
Authors: Gene Bishop, Amy C. Brodkey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Interview with Gene Bishop and Nancy Atkins on the new West Virginia Medicaid Plan. (11:24)Download Mary Jones is your 53-year-old patient with diabetes and obesity. These conditions developed after she began to take an atypical antipsychotic drug for schizophrenia. Jones signed a treatment contract stating that she will keep all her medical appointments, attend diabetes education classes, and lose weight. She attended one class but became paranoid and left halfway through it, and she has gained 5 lb. You gave her educational materials to read, but you have discovered that she doesn't understand them. She has just missed her second consecutive appointment with you; last time, she didn't have bus fare. Neither her glycated hemoglobin . . .
Liver Scans in the Budd-Chiari Syndrome
Authors: Nicola Carulli
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  We have read with interest the letter toThe Journalby Chaudhuri et al on liver scan in the Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) (221:506, 1972). The authors stated that the liver scan in BCS appears as that in advanced cirrhosis. It is well known that the end stage of a chronic BCS is a nonportal cirrhosis and the liver scan performed at this stage would be hardly distinguishable from that of any other type of cirrhosis.  We would like to present liver scans performed in three patients in the early stage of a block of the hepatic venous outflow. In case 1 a BCS of unknown etiology was presented (Fig 1); case 2, veno-occlusive disease (Fig 2); and case 3, a constrictive pericarditis (Fig 3).  Cases 1 and 2 were proven at autopsy; patient 3 underwent pericardiotomy. In all cases the scan revealed a splenic uptake of the
Downregulation of miR-193b in systemic sclerosis regulates the proliferative vasculopathy by urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression
Authors: Naoki Iwamoto, Serena Vettori, Britta Maurer, Matthias Brock, Elena Pachera, Astrid Jüngel, Maurizio Calcagni, Renate E Gay, Michael L Whitfield, Jörg H W Distler, Steffen Gay, Oliver Distler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the role of microRNA-193b-3p (miR-193b) in the vascular pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis (SSc). <h3>Methods</h3> Expression of miR-193b in skin biopsies and fibroblasts from patients with SSc and normal healthy (NH) controls were determined by real-time PCR. Transfection with miR-193b precursor and inhibitor were used to confirm targets of miR-193b. Proliferative effects of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) were determined by water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assay and by analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression. Fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis was performed to investigate the effect of uPA on apoptosis. For inhibition of the uPA-cellular receptor for uPA (uPAR) pathway, uPAR neutralising antibodies and low molecular weight uPA were used. <h3>Results</h3> We found that miR-193b was downregulated in SSc fibroblasts and skin sections as compared with NH controls. The expression of miR-193b was not affected by major profibrotic cytokines and hypoxia. Induction of miR-193b in SSc fibroblasts suppressed, and accordingly, knockdown of miR-193b increased the levels of messenger RNA and protein for uPA. uPA was found to be upregulated in SSc as compared with NH controls in a transforming growth factor-β dependent manner, and uPA was strongly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells in SSc skin section. Interestingly, uPA induced cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, and these effects were independent of uPAR signalling. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In SSc, the downregulation of miR-193b induces the expression of uPA, which increases the number of vascular smooth muscle cells in an uPAR-independent manner and thereby contributes to the proliferative vasculopathy with intimal hyperplasia characteristic for SSc.
ELECTRONARCOSIS IN A GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: MARION M. ESTES, HERVEY M. CLECKLEY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1951)

This series of 110 patients represents a fairly unusual collection of patients from several considerations. They are largely patients in whom previous forms of therapy have not been effective and who have not developed spontaneous remission. It was our feeling that any improvement gained through electronarcosis therapy represented a hitherto unrealized salvage of mental health and probably a preventive of many patient-days of chronic illness. Although this is a small series that will not bear statistical analysis adequately, we feel that the results justify, and in some cases require, the use of electronarcosis treatment in the mechanical treatment of psychiatrically ill people. From our data we believe that patients with anxiety neuroses of 18 months' duration, under 30 years of age, who have not responded to other forms of treatment, should receive electronarcosis. Neurotic depressions and mixed psychoneuroses are also considered good candidates for electronarcosis. Although many physicians are turning to psychosurgery after electroshock failures with schizophrenia of 2 years' duration, when patients present affective lability, our experience leads us to feel that electronarcosis offers hope to some of these cases and deserves a trial. The involutional psychoses, particularly with agitation and/or melancholia, should be treated with electronarcosis when electroshock fails. The conclusion seems justified that this step should be taken before performing psychosurgery. Because of the uniformly poor results with other forms of mechanical treatment of the psychopathic personality we feel that this disorder should be given the opportunity to benefit from electronarcosis. No particular advantage from electronarcosis was found in manic-depressive psychoses, neurasthenia, or obsessive-compulsive ruminative tension states. Safety of electronarcosis therapy is reflected in the fact that no deaths directly attributable to electronarcosis and relatively few serious complications occurred in the series. There were no orthopaedic complications in the 110 cases. It should be pointed out again that one of the indications for electronarcosis in. this series was poor physical risk for other forms of mechanical therapy. The advantages of electronarcosis are many. Postshock confusion is relatively little, and therefore more freedom for the patient is possible. Concomitant psychotherapy is made possible, as well as more accurate evaluation of the status of the disorder during treatment. From the patient's standpoint electronarcosis is obviously less objectionable than electroshock. The disadvantages of electronarcosis as compared to electroshock are apparent. Electronarcosis is time-consuming, fairly exacting, and demands highly trained personnel. It does not seem likely, or even desirable, that electronarcosis should replace the tried and proved mechanical treatment methods. It is, however, a valuable adjunct to the established therapies in our efforts to provide total treatment for our patients.
Public Health Problems Relating to the Vietnam Returnee
Authors: Jerome H. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The large numbers of military personnel and ships and planes returning from Vietnam present the possibility of introducing a variety of infectious diseases into the United States. Thus far, only malaria has been diagnosed in significant numbers of patients, while plague presents a threat primarily through the possible importation of infected rats and fleas. Current control programs and conditions in the United States make it extremely unlikely that any of the diseases present in Vietnam will be introduced into the United States and become serious public health problems. Sporadic cases and localized outbreaks may occur, however, and will present a problem for individual medical practitioners and local public health personnel.
Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Merrill A. Ritter
Journal: JAMA (1983)

When asked to review another publication on the revision of the total hip replacement, I was concerned that it would be more of what fills our literature to date.<i>Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty</i>is a pleasant surprise. The first three chapters should be absolute reading for all orthopedists. Frequently, the first chapter of a book with this subject matter would be a review that required the reader to have read the cited material. By contrast, this first chapter is a delight to read and an excellent review that does more than simply cite the problems to date. The second chapter, on radiology, adds to the previous chapter. It should be available to most radiologists, for it summarizes beautifully what to look for and how the radiologist can be of help in the diagnosis of a loose total hip replacement. This information is not common knowledge to most radiologists in private
Glomerular Ultrastructure and Functional Integrity in the Human Renal Transplant.
Authors: D. A. Ogden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Glomerular Ultrastructure and Functional Integrity in the Human Renal Transplant.D. A. Ogden, M.D., F.A.C.P., B. Hulme, M.D., K. A. Porter, M.D.D. A. Ogden, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, B. Hulme, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, K. A. Porter, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-832_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe ultrastructure and function of the glomerular basement membrane was studied in 44 patients, 4 to 35 months after transplantation. Tissue from 47 biopsies was examined by light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. Glomerular function was evaluated by creatinine clearance, 24-hr protein excretion, and measurement of graded macromolecular permeability with polydispersed125I polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The patients were grouped according to observed glomerular ultrastructure. Group A was normal; group B showed slight focal subendothelial deposits; in group C there were moderate to marked subendothelial deposits; in group D there were mesangial proliferation, subendothelial deposits, and infiltration of the lamina densa; in group... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Denver, Colo., and London England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 832-832KeywordsBasement membraneBiopsyCreatinineElectron microscopyExcretionImmunofluorescenceProteinsRenal transplantationTransplantation Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Magnetic resonance imaging of focal liver lesions: Approach to imaging diagnosis
Authors: Kathryn J. Fowler, Jeffrey J. Brown, Vamsi R. Narra
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract This article is a review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of incidental focal liver lesions. This review provides an overview of liver MRI protocol, diffusion-weighted imaging, and contrast agents. Additionally, the most commonly encountered benign and malignant lesions are discussed with emphasis on imaging appearance and the diagnostic performance of MRI based on a review of the literature. (Hepatology 2011)
Scintigraphic Features of Malignant Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: KIEN S. LEE, MONICA A. ROSSLEIGH, VIVIAN B. FERNANDES, JOHN G. MORRIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

The scintigraphic features of malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver have not been previously documented. In particular, there are no reports on the nature of gallium uptake in these rare tumors. The case reported is a young woman with primary hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Metastatic disease in the skull was detected on a Tc–99m MDP bone scan. A Ga–67 study demonstrated that this tumor was not gallium avid.
Reduced serum levels of car☐y-terminal propeptide of human type I procollagen in a family with type I-A osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Salvatore Minisola, Anna Lina Piccioni, Rossana Rosso, Elisabetta Romagnoli, Maria Teresa Pacitti, Liliana Scarnecchia, Gianfranco Mazzuoli
Journal: Metabolism (1994)
Successful Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients With Previous Atrial Fibrillation Results in a Significant Decrease in Left Atrial Size
Authors: Willem P. Beukema, Arif Elvan, Hauw T. Sie, Anand R. Ramdat Misier, Hein J.J. Wellens
Journal: Circulation (2005)

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relation between freedom from atrial fibrillation (AF) and left atrial (LA) size in patients who underwent circumferential pulmonary vein (PV) isolation and LA ablation.One hundred five consecutive patients with symptomatic and drug-refractory paroxysmal or persistent AF were included in the present study. The mean age was 52+/-9.5 years (range, 27 to 75 years); 74 patients (70%) were male. Paroxysmal AF was present in 52 (49.5%) and persistent AF in 53 (50.5%) patients. Mean AF duration was 6.0+/-5.1 years in the paroxysmal AF group and 7.6+/-6.0 years in the persistent AF group. A 3D electroanatomic map of the LA including the PV ostia was constructed with a nonfluoroscopic navigation system (Carto, Biosense Webster). Left- and right-sided PVs were encircled by continuous radiofrequency ablation lines. We performed 128 ablation procedures in 105 patients, ie, 23 redo procedures. The mean long-term follow-up duration was 14.6+/-4.9 months (range, 6 to 24 months). Sinus rhythm was present in 45 patients (86.5%) in the paroxysmal AF group and in 41 patients (77.3%) in the persistent AF group at the latest follow-up. Six months after ablation, LA dimension in the persistent AF subjects who remained in sinus rhythm decreased from 44.0+/-5.8 to 40+/-4.5 mm (range, 31 to 51 mm). In contrast, in patients with recurrences of AF, LA dimension increased from 45+/-6.5 to 49+/-5.4 mm (range, 32 to 59 mm). In the successfully treated paroxysmal AF group, LA dimension decreased from 40.5+/-4.4 to 37.5+/-3.5 mm (P<0.01).In radiofrequency ablation of AF using an electroanatomic approach, there is a statistically significant relationship between medium-term procedural success and LA size: persistent sinus rhythm is associated with reduced and recurrent AF with increased LA dimensions.
Systemic delivery and preclinical evaluation of Au nanoparticle containing β-lapachone for radiosensitization
Authors: Seong-Yun Jeong, Sung-Jin Park, Sang Min Yoon, Joohee Jung, Ha Na Woo, So Lyoung Yi, Si Yeol Song, Heon Joo Park, Chulhee Kim, Jin Seong Lee, Jung Shin Lee, Eun Kyung Choi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Both permissive and nonpermissive HLA-DPB1 mismatches can induce polyclonal HLA-DPB1 specific immune responses in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Caroline E. Rutten, Simone A. P. van Luxemburg-Heijs, Edith D. van der Meijden, Marieke Griffioen, Machteld Oudshoorn, Roel Willemze, J. H. Frederik Falkenburg
Journal: Blood (2010)
Fixing the NHS: Summary of rapid responses
Authors: B. Twisselmann
Journal: BMJ (2006)

I just wanted to be a doctorWe need to be more than "just" doctors Editor-Hunt articulates the feelings of many doctors on discovering that the effective practice of modern medicine requires a range of skills beyond the provision of direct clinical care. 1 Her slightly delayed entry into medicine may explain why this issue is troubling her now, rather than later in her career: certainly these are sentiments I hear more commonly from consultant colleagues than juniors.However, to imagine that good medical practice is confined to the delivery of care to one patient at a time is to overlook the role of doctors in organising healthcare systems and delivery in the wider context.It is disappointing that Hunt's appraiser chose to frame the process in terms of her trust's participation in the clinical negligence scheme, since most junior doctors value well conducted appraisals.Nevertheless, cheaper insurance premiums for hospitals mean more money to spend on health care, and also indicate that organisations that carry out effective appraisal make fewer clinical errors: presumably these are both outcomes that Hunt would approve of.Furthermore, research and audit without the active participation of doctors will soon become clinically irrelevant or ineffective.We have a wider responsibility for patient care that is served by informed participation in these and many other activities, such as teaching and continuous quality improvement (which also seem to get irritatingly in the way of a narrowly focused approach to patient care).However, all is not lost.Hunt appears well placed to fall into the "Modernising Medical Careers" vacuum that currently threatens to swallow those junior doctors who are too old for a foundation programme yet too young to have secured a specialist registrar post.If this does indeed curtail all opportunities for career progression she may end up as "just" a doctor after all.
Effect on Circulation of Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation to Sinus Rhythm
Authors: ROBERT GILBERT, ROBERT H. EICH, HAROLD SMULYAN, JOHN KEICHLEY, J. HOWLAND AUCHINCLOSS
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Treadmill exercise tests were performed in cardiac subjects before and after conversion from atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. The most striking changes following conversion were a marked reduction in exercise heart rate and increase in stroke volume and cardiac output. Exercise performance as judged by a standardized exercise test improved significantly in some but not all subjects following conversion. Duplicate control studies in nonconverting subjects failed in general to show these improvements. The results indicate that conversion from atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm is worthwhile from a functional standpoint in patients with valvular heart disease, and is especially indicated after successful mitral commissurotomy.
Rise in US spending on healthcare in 2009 was twice that in UK
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Higher prices, more readily accessible technology, and greater levels of obesity are probably the main reasons why the United States spends far more on healthcare than do other developed countries. The analysis was contained in a briefing paper prepared by the charity the Commonwealth Fund.1

The higher rate of spending cannot be attributed to higher income, an older population, or a greater supply and use of hospitals and doctors, wrote David Squires, the paper’s author.

His analysis drew on data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and from Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, …