tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia: XXXVIII. Cytogenetic experience in Ph<sup>1</sup>‐negative chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML)
Authors: Sei‐Ichi Kohno, Syuiti Abe, Avery A. Sandberg
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

Abstract Among 300 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) followed at our institute during the last ten years, 36 (12%) were thought to have Ph 1 ‐negative CML. In eight of these patients, chromosomal abnormalities were found in the leukemic cells; in four, the karyotypic abnormalities were established with banding techniques. The data of the present study and a review of the literature regarding chromosomal changes in Ph 1 ‐negative CML indicate that: 1) no characteristic or consistent karyotypic change is present in Ph 1 ‐negative CML and that diploidy is more common in this than any other leukemia; 2) the most common changes involve group C chromosomes (particularly +8); and 3) a missing Y is less common in Ph 1 ‐negative CML than in its Ph 1 ‐positive counterpart. The karyotypic changes in Ph 1 ‐negative CML resemble more those encountered in Ph 1 ‐positive CML than in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). The much shorter survival of the Ph 1 ‐negative CML patients vs that of the Ph 1 ‐positive group was again substantiated, and some of the previously reported clinical and laboratory findings unique to Ph 1 ‐negative CML were confirmed. On the basis of the cytogenetic findings it is concluded that Ph 1 ‐negative CML appears to be an entity unto itself.
Thyroid Disorders in the Newborn
Authors: I. D. Riley, G. Sclare
Journal: BMJ (1957)

Disturbances of thyroid function in the newborn have been recorded at three periods in the history of thyroid disorder.The first cases were described before the dis- covery of the value of iodine prophylaxis in endemic areas, the second after its employment, and the third following the introduction of tiouracil.Three cases of this third type are described in the present paper.Case 1 Male bor n normally at term on June 27, 1955.The mother, aged 28, was a primigravida and had had thyroidectomy for thyrotoxicosis in 1946.She was treated with 200 mg. of thiouracil daily for a recurrence in the same year.On January 5, 1955, she was not fully controlled on 100 mg.daily, and was admitted from March 31 to April 10 for stabilization.She was receiving 100 mg.daiIy at the time of her admission on June 9, and this was continued up to term.
STRAIGHTENING THE NASAL SEPTUM.
Authors: DUDLEY P. ALLEN
Journal: JAMA (1884)

A case of displaced nasal septum successfully operated has seemed of sufficient interest to be reported. The patient, aged 23, had, when a boy, fallen, striking his face upon a beam. His teeth were loosened and his nose badly injured. When I saw him, some months since, the right nostril was wholly closed by the septum being pushed over to that side, so that no air was inspired through that nostril. Both the cartilagnious and anterior portion of the bony septum were thus displaced. Rhinoscopic examination showed the posterior nares to be in a normal condition. The septum was firmly fixed in its displaced position, so that it could not be forced back by the thumb pressing firmly upon it. The same injury which had displaced the septum to the right had displaced the extremity of the nose to the left, so much so as to disfigure the face. The
Regression of a T-Cell Lymphoma after Administration of Antithymocyte Globulin
Authors: RICHARD I. FISHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

A patient with Sézary syndrome developed a diffuse undifferentiated lymphoma of T-cell origin. After becoming resistant to multiple chemotherapeutic agents, the patient was treated with antithymocyte globulin. A 75% reduction in adenopathy and complete resolution of skin erythema was observed during an 8-day period. In addition the percent of circulating T cells and the ability of those cells to respond to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A were reduced after antithymocyte globulin therapy. The patient died of an intracerebral hemorrhage secondary to profound thrombocytopenia. The study suggests that tumor lysis may be achieved by passive antibody therapy in certain advanced lymphomas.
Abstract 2446: Biodistribution of antibody drug conjugates by LC-MS
Authors: Mohan Srinivasan, Lourdes Thevanayagam, Indrani Chakraborty, Alasdair Bell, Shrikant Deshpande, Chin Pan, Pina M. Cardarelli, Sanjeev Gangwar, Colin Chong, Orville Cortez, David Klitzing, Jerry Jiang, Meghan Greenbaum, James Phillips
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: A method to study biodistribution of adduct forming antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) by LC-MS Description: ADCs are increasingly used to deliver cytotoxic payloads to tumor cells. While the targeted approach has vastly improved the toxicity profiles of these drugs, it is still important to understand the bio-distribution and the enhanced tumor localization this approach offers. Radio-labeled methods are still the most reliable approach to study the bio-distribution, but may not be able to differentiate between the drug that is present in the tissue from those that have formed covalent adducts upon non-specific internalization. Here, we describe a mass-spectrometric methods to identify these covalent adducts these cytotoxic agents form and how such methods could be utilized to map the bio-distribution in xenograft models. Data: The antibody drug conjugate is highly localized in the tumor with a %ID/gm value of almost 40 within 24 hours of dosing and no non-specific accumulation in other organs observed. Conclusions: A simple and robust LC-MS based method has been developed to understand the bio-distribution of antibody-drug conjugates by detecting and quantifying the actual and final chemical state of the toxin in the targeted cell. This method could be used to evaluate the (1) PK of antibody-drug conjugates (2) make lead selections at advanced preclinical stages of antibody-drug development (3) understand the ADME properties of the chosen antibody-drug conjugate Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2446.
Pattern of total and regional lung function in subjects with bronchoconstriction induced by 15-me PGF2 alpha.
Authors: L H Andersen, N J Secher
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Closing volume (single breath nitrogen test), regional ventilation and perfusion (using intravenous xenon-133), and total lung function (TLC, VC, and FEV) were measured before and after intramuscular administration of 250 mug 15-methyl prostaglandin F2alpha (15-me PGF2alpha) in 10 healthy women. The cardiac output was measured with the Minnesota impedance cardiograph model 304A and the transthoracic impedance was used as an expression of the thoracic fluid volume. The slope of the alveolar plateau on the closing volume tracing showed a 271% increase 20 minutes after the prostaglandin administration, at which time the closing volume per cent (CV%) had decreased (P less than 0-01) and the closing capacity (CC%) had increased (P less than 0-05). Vital capacity (VC) decreased (P less than 0-01), residual volume (RV) increased (P less than 0-01), and the total lung capacity (TLC) remained unchanged. The maximal decrease (9%) in FEV1 was seen after 20 minutes. All these measurements except the slope of the alveolar plateau returned to control levels after 60 minutes. The redistribution of regional ventilation was more pronounced than that of the regional pulmonary blood flow. No change was observed in cardiac output and transthoracic impedance. None of the patients experienced any dyspnoea. Our results are consistent with a more pronounced effect of prostaglandin F2alpha on the small airways (the alveolar plateau) than on the larger airways (FEV1). In cases where an increase in the slope of the alveolar plateau is observed, the closing volume per cent should not be used as a measurement of the lung disease. It is concluded that the single breath nitrogen test (N2 closing volume) is more sensitive than the conventional tests.
Slow release potassium chloride treatment.
Authors: A D Howie, R W Strachan
Journal: BMJ (1975)

brain levels of HCP varied between 0-442 and 1-204 nmol[g (0-18 and 0 49 ig/g).4So myelinopathy in case 2 was probably attributable to HCP, despite the absence of clinical signs of toxicity.The trace level in case 1 suggests that myelinopathy was unrelated to HCP, for other causes of infantile spongioform myelinopathy are known, though none has been identified in small premature infants.Nevertheless, case 1 may have lived long enough (24 days) for HCP to have been cleared from the brain.In rats HICP myelinopathy takes months to resolve, whereas the half-life of a dose of HCP is 19 hours.Until now, the only direct evidence that HCP may cause myelino- pathy in premature babies has been the correlation between spongy change and the extent of exposure to HCP.5 The amount of the compound recovered from our second case indicates that myelinopathy may result from the normal clinical use of a 3% solution of HCP on very immature infants.
Secondary hyperparathyroidism but stable bone‐mineral density in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib
Authors: Sofia Jönsson, Therese Standal, Bob Olsson, Dan Mellström, Hans Wadenvik
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Imatinib is currently the standard treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia(CML). Previous studies have shown that imatinib affects bone metabolism in CML patients. However, these effects are not well-studied prospectively. The authors studied bone-mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in 17 CML patients and matched controls in 2007 and now repeated the analyses prospectively in 2011. All CML patients were in complete cytogenetic remission during this 4-year period and treated with 400 mg imatinib q.d. (n 5 15) or 600 mg imatinib q.d. (n 5 2). Mean treatment duration was 102 months (range 69–129) in 2011. The authors found that serum levels of parathyroid hormone increased significantly in the patients between 2007 and 2011, and seven out of 17 patients had secondary hyperparathyroidism in 2011. However, the mean areal and volumetric BMDs were stable in the CML patients over the 4-year-observation period. Moreover, the CML patients had significantly higher volumetric BMD in the cortical compartment when compared with controls in 2011 and 2007. Thus, despite a high incidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism,there were no signs of osteoporosis or osteomalacia in imatinib-treated CML patients as suggested earlier.
Rupture of a Pancreatic Pseudocyst into the Duodenum
Authors: H Hiraishi, A Terano
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Figure 1. A 42-year-old man who had consumed approximately 180 g of alcohol per day for 22 years was admitted to the hospital with acute pancreatitis complicated by a pseudocyst. On the second hospital day, blood was aspirated through an inserted nasogastric tube, and emergency endoscopy demonstrated rupture of the pseudocyst into the duodenum. Computed tomographic scanning of the abdomen with intravenous contrast medium showed a large, walled-in collection of fluid around the pancreatic head (arrows in Panel A) and scattered areas of high density within the pancreatic head, indicating hemorrhage. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a large, fistula-like orifice (arrow . . .
Discovery of the Biology of the Ubiquitin System
Authors: Alexander Varshavsky
Journal: JAMA (2014)

This article, about the discovery of the biology of the ubiquitin system, describes my laboratory’s main contribution to date, and stems, in part, from previous historical summaries. Another antecedent is the interview given in 2006 to Dr Istvan Hargittai, a distinguished Hungarian chemist. It described my life and science, including the early years in Moscow (Russia), the 1977 emigration from the former Soviet Union to the United States, and scientific work that ensued.
Pediatric Esophageal Scintigraphy Results of 200 Studies
Authors: J GUILLET, S WYNCHANK, B BASSE-CATHALINAT, E CHRISTOPHE, D DUCASSOU, P BLANQUET
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Esophageal transit of a small volume of watery liquid has been observed scintigraphically in 200 studies performed on patients aged between 6 days and 16 years. Qualitative information concerning esophageal morphology and function in the various phases of deglutition, and scintigraphic features of achalasia, stenosis, and other pathologies are described. Measured esophageal transit time and its normal variation, its relevance to the diagnosis of esophagitis, and the monitoring of treatment are discussed. This technique observing distinct deglutitions has proven a useful diagnostic tool. Its advantages and limitations are discussed in comparison with other methods.
The Effect of Handwashing at Recommended Times with Water Alone and With Soap on Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh: An Observational Study
Authors: Stephen P. Luby, Amal K. Halder, Tarique Huda, Leanne Unicomb, Richard B. Johnston
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

By observing handwashing behavior in 347 households from 50 villages across rural Bangladesh in 2007, Stephen Luby and colleagues found that hand washing with soap or hand rinsing without soap before food preparation can both reduce the burden of childhood diarrhea.
Academic Medicine
Authors: Jordan J. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1995)

The 103rd Congress resisted the best opportunity this country has yet had to restructure its health care delivery system and establish universal coverage for basic health care services for all Americans. The stakes were high in the debate, particularly for academic medicine. We strongly endorsed universal coverage for a number of reasons. Universal access to health insurance would alleviate our institutions' uncompensated care burden. Moreover, a system of universal coverage would provide a structure on which to secure permanent federal support (eg, an all-payer surcharge) for our missions to educate the nation's physicians, provide high-quality care to the sickest patients, and conduct biomedical and behavioral research to prevent disease and improve the quality of life. Academic medicine must continue its fight for a broad-based, all-payer system that explicitly supports graduate medical education, teaching hospitals, medical schools, biomedical and behavioral research, and advanced nursing education. Currently, academic missions are being financed
Evaluation of myocardial ischemia using a rest metabolism/stress perfusion protocol with fluorine-18 deoxyglucose/technetium-99m MIBI and dual-isotope simultaneous-acquisition single-photon emission computed tomography
Authors: Martin P. Sandler, Searle Videlefsky, Dominique Delbeke, James A. Patton, Colin Meyerowitz, William H. Martin, Israel Ohana
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
THE TRANSPORT SPLINTS OF THE AMERICAN ARMY
Authors: ROBERT B. OSGOOD
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Statistics show that somewhat more than 50 per cent. of gunshot wounds involve the bones and joints. The efficient splinting of these injuries at the earliest possible moment is universally acknowledged by all surgeons to be of the greatest importance for the following reasons: It relieves the suffering of the soldier. It saves time in transport. It decreases the danger of shock. It maintains alinement of broken bones. It limits the spread of infection. It prevents the further laceration of nerve, vascular and muscular tissue. In August, 1917, it became evident to certain American surgeons who had been serving in British hospitals that entirely satisfactory splinting for transport could be accomplished with a small number of splints of simple pattern. The matter was called to the attention of the chief surgeon, American Expeditionary Forces, and a splint board for the standardization of splints for the medical department of the U.
Rx for Health Care Reform
Authors: Joseph J. Fins
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human genes with CpG island promoters have a distinct transcription-associated chromatin organization
Authors: Tanya Vavouri, Ben Lehner
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

Abstract Background More than 50% of human genes initiate transcription from CpG dinucleotide-rich regions referred to as CpG islands. These genes show differences in their patterns of transcription initiation, and have been reported to have higher levels of some activation-associated chromatin modifications. Results Here we report that genes with CpG island promoters have a characteristic transcription-associated chromatin organization. This signature includes high levels of the transcription elongation-associated histone modifications H4K20me1, H2BK5me1 and H3K79me1/2/3 in the 5' end of the gene, depletion of the activation marks H2AK5ac, H3K14ac and H3K23ac immediately downstream of the transcription start site (TSS), and characteristic epigenetic asymmetries around the TSS. The chromosome organization factor CTCF may be bound upstream of RNA polymerase in most active CpG island promoters, and an unstable nucleosome at the TSS may be specifically marked by H4K20me3, the first example of such a modification. H3K36 monomethylation is only detected as enriched in the bodies of active genes that have CpG island promoters. Finally, as expression levels increase, peak modification levels of the histone methylations H3K9me1, H3K4me1, H3K4me2 and H3K27me1 shift further away from the TSS into the gene body. Conclusions These results suggest that active genes with CpG island promoters have a distinct step-like series of modified nucleosomes after the TSS. The identity, positioning, shape and relative ordering of transcription-associated histone modifications differ between genes with and without CpG island promoters. This supports a model where chromatin organization reflects not only transcription activity but also the type of promoter in which transcription initiates.
Sexual Harassment in Medical Training
Authors: Miriam Komaromy, Andrew B. Bindman, Richard J. Haber, Merle A. Sande
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Sexual harassment has become a national concern and one that is increasingly recognized in the field of medicine. Although there are reports of the sexual harassment of medical trainees, there is little information on the prevalence of this problem and whether it is adequately addressed by training institutions.
Inquiry to probe £6.2bn deals for NHS computer systems
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The Government's spending watchdog, the National Audit Office, is to examine whether £6.2bn ($11bn, €9.1bn) awarded to contractors to build a new computer system for the NHS has been wisely spent.

The study into the work of the national programme for information technology in the NHS will also investigate how contracts were procured, whether they deliver value for money, and the progress made so far.

The programme, which was set up in October 2002, plans to create an IT infrastructure for the NHS that will improve patient care by …
Late marrow recurrences in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
Authors: J M Chessells, F Breatnach
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Thirty children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia had a recurrence in the bone marrow after treatment was stopped electively. A second haematological remission was achieved in 27 (90%), and the median duration of remission was shortest (six months) in those relapsing within six months of stopping treatment. Four of six children relapsing over one year after stopping treatment remained in second haematological remission. Leukaemic infiltration of the central nervous system developed in four patients remaining in marrow remission. It is concluded that conventional chemotherapy is unlikely to be effective in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who relapse soon after stopping treatment, that "reprophylaxis" of the central nervous system probably with long-term intrathecal chemotherapy is essential, and that some patients relapsing after prolonged unmaintained remission may achieve long-term leukaemia-free survival.
Real-time PCR quantification of major Wilms’ tumor gene 1 (WT1) isoforms in acute myeloid leukemia, their characteristic expression patterns and possible functional consequences
Authors: K Kramarzova, J Stuchly, A Willasch, B Gruhn, J Schwarz, J Cermak, K Machova-Polakova, O Fuchs, J Stary, J Trka, L Boublikova
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
SULPHARSPHENAMINE IN THE TREATMENT OF WARTS
Authors: Richard L. Sutton
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Verrucae, and particularly those of the juvenile flat type, often present a therapeutic problem that is hard to solve. The remedies that have been suggested are legion—curettage, electrolysis, radium, roentgen ray, fulguration, caustics of various kinds, carbon dioxide snow, salicylic acid, sulphur, sulphurated potassa and numerous others. Internally, C. J. White found yellow mercurous iodide helpful; Jadassohn has long advocated arsenic; Colrat of Lyons was first to suggest magnesium sulphate, and many practitioners have prescribed nitrohydrochloric acid with success. In deciding on the character of the local application to he used, care must be exercised to select something that will not cause permanent scarring; otherwise, the result may be worse than the disease. I have known of many a reputation damaged by so slight a thing as this. In 1922, Siemens found arsphenamine, dissolved in physiologic sodium chloride solution, and injected directly into the lesions, curative in a large percentage
“AMPing up” our understanding of the hypothalamic control of energy balance
Authors: Kevin W. Williams, Roberto Coppari, Joel K. Elmquist
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has emerged as a metabolic "fuel gauge," which oscillates between anabolic and catabolic processes that ultimately influence energy balance. A study in this issue of the JCI by Claret et al. now extends the role of AMPK in medial basal hypothalamic neurons (see the related article beginning on page 2325). These findings maintain AMPK signaling as a common cellular mechanism in proopiomelanocortin and neuropeptide Y/agouti-related protein neurons and links hypothalamic AMPK to coordinated energy and glucose homeostasis.