tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of immunologic injury of cultured cells infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: role of defective interfering virus in regulating viral antigenic expression
Authors: RM Welsh, MBA Oldstone
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

The expression of viral antigens on the surfaces of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-infected L-929 cells peaked 2-4 days postinfection and thereafter precipitously declined. Little or no viral antigen was expressed on the plasma membrane surfaces of persistently infected cells, but LCMV antigens were clearly present in the cytoplasms of most of those cells. Cells early after acute infection (days 2-4) were lysed by both virus-specific antibody and complement (C) and immune T lymphocytes. To the contrary, antibody and C did not kill persistently infected cells, but T lymphocytes did kill such cells although at a lower efficiency than acutely infected cells. The expression of viral antigens on the surfaces of infected cells was regulated by the virus- cell interaction in the absence of immune reagents and was closely associated with defective interfering (DI) LCMV interference. DI LCMV, per se, blocked the synthesis and cell surface expression of LCMV antigens, and DI LCMV generation immediately preceded a precipitous reduction in cell surface antigenicity during the acute infection. Persistently infected cells produced DI LCMV but no detectable S LCMV. Peritoneal cells isolated from mice persistently infected with LCMV resembled cultured persistently infected cells in their reduced expression of cell surface antigens and their resistance to LCMV superinfection. It is proposed that DI virus-mediated interference with viral protein synthesis may allow cells to escape immune surveillance during persistent infections.
Projections for the generalist physician workforce
Authors: D. A. Kindig
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —Several issues addressed by Dr Whitcomb 1 require clarification and response. First, Whitcomb erred in stating that the Council on Graduate Medical Education (COGME) relied heavily on a single cross-national study in making its 1992 recommendation to move toward a system in which generalist physicians approach 50% of the physician workforce. COGME based its recommendation on a critical analysis of all relevant data available at the time, including health maintenance organization (HMO) staffing data, analysis of changes in the US health care delivery system, and data on costs generated by generalist and specialist physicians. 2 For the past 2 years, COGME has relied exclusively on population-based studies and evidence regarding supply and requirements. 3   Second, Whitcomb's conclusion that the current US generalist supply is adequate is drawn from a single managed care study commissioned by COGME and performed by Dr Weiner. 4 Using a similar methodology but
Return Cycle Mapping After Entrainment of Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Takashi Nitta, Richard B. Schuessler, Masataka Mitsuno, Chris K. Rokkas, Fumitaka Isobe, Christopher S. Cronin, James L. Cox, John P. Boineau
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The central common pathway, which is the target for ablation in reentrant ventricular tachycardia, can be localized by entrainment mapping techniques. However, localization of the pathway is not always possible because of the elevated pacing threshold and the low voltage and fractionated potentials at the pathway. We examined whether return cycle mapping after entrainment localizes the pathway without pacing at the pathway or recording the potentials from the pathway and determined the required electrode resolution to localize the pathway. Methods and Results —Epicardial mapping was performed with 253 unipolar electrodes during and after entrainment of 13 morphologies of ventricular tachycardia that were induced in dogs 4 days after infarction. The return cycle was calculated by subtracting the first activation time from the second activation time after the last stimulus and the return cycle distribution map was constructed for each stimulation site. The return cycle isochrones equal to the ventricular tachycardia cycle length converged on the lines of conduction block irrespective of the stimulation site, and the central common pathway was localized at the region between the intersections of the return cycle isochrones after entrainment from different stimulation sites. The potentials from the central common pathway were not required to localize the pathway, and the mapping accuracy did not change with or without analysis of the potentials from the pathway. According to the correlation between the electrode resolution and the mapping accuracy, an interelectrode distance of 8.5 mm was estimated as sufficient resolution for successful tachycardia termination during radiofrequency ablation guided by return cycle mapping. Conclusions —Return cycle mapping after entrainment localizes the central common pathway without pacing at the pathway or recording the potentials from the pathway. This new mapping technique could improve the success rate of the ablative procedures.
ABC of resuscitation. Training manikins.
Authors: R S Simons
Journal: BMJ (1986)

In 1982-3, 35 children from the West Midlands developed the haemolytic-uraemic syndrome.This was a higher incidence than expected and included an epidemic localised to the Wolverhampton area in July 1983 which comprised 11 cases in two weeks.Twenty three children were treated with dialysis, of whom three died.Six patients developed chronic renal failure, four of them from Wolverhampton.Extrarenal manifestations included neurological sequelae in four, two of whom also developed insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and chronic renal
Improved Operation for Esophageal Rupture
Authors: Alan P. Thal, Tetsuhiko Hatafuku
Journal: JAMA (1964)

THE HAZARDS of spontaneous perforation of the esophagus are such that 16 years after the first successful primary closure,<sup>1</sup>the mortality rate varies between 34% and 50%.<sup>2</sup>In addition, the morbidity is considerable, and, while mediastinal drainage is readily accomplished and often life-saving, primary closure of the inflamed esophageal wall is commonly followed by suture-line breakdown and empyema. Recently Tuttle and Barrett,<sup>3</sup>reporting on four patients with spontaneous perforation of the distal esophagus, all of whom experienced sutureline breakdown when primary closure was attempted. The term Mallory-Weiss syndrome has been used to embrace both mucosal ulceration of the gastroesophageal junction with hemorrhage, and spontaneous perforation of the esophagus. It is true that both probably represent variants of the same disease. However, the former lesion was originally described by Mallory and Weiss, and the latter was described in the 18th century by Boerhaave. Moreover, complete perforation requires urgent
A Transplantable Bile-Secreting Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Rat&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Melvin D. Reuber
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

A bile-secreting, transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma, with bile plugs in the canaliculi, is described in the rat. All transplants of this tumor, which has been carried for 6 generations, have shown bile pigment. This finding has not been previously reported. The tumor also contained iron and ceroid pigments. Bile pigment and iron were also present in the kidneys, in addition to a third unidentified pigment, which was probably lipofuscin.
Preventing Surgical Infection Is More Important Than Ever
Authors: M. Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
STRANGULATION OF LEFT LOBE OF LIVER
Authors: L. D. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1930)

O. C. P., a physician, aged 60, was taken with severe pain, April 23, 1929, following an attack of sneezing. The previous history was unimportant, except that the patient had had an appendectomy fifteen years before and had been in an automobile accident one year before, at which time he suffered injury to his head, causing a temporary unconsciousness, from which he recovered in a few hours. There was considerable soreness remaining under the upper abdominal regions afterward. The pain of April 23, was considered an attack of cholelithiasis; it required considerable morphine. The patient remained in bed. Morphine had to be repeated. The general condition was one of cholosis with cholelithiasis. On account of the general condition and a gradual increase in temperature, an exploratory incision was deemed advisable.  A right rectus incision was made. The abdomen was found filled with serum slightly bloody and the left lobe of
Phantom of an outpatient service
Authors: S L Kaye
Journal: BMJ (1987)

<h3>Objective</h3> This study explored the prophylactic effects of long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for febrile neutropenia (FN) in newly diagnosed patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). <h3>Methods</h3> Patients were randomised into a study group (long-acting G-CSF for all chemotherapy cycles) and a control group (short-acting G-CSF for first cycle and treatment per physician discretion for subsequent cycles) at a ratio of 1:2. The incidences of FN and myelosuppression and the number of clinical visits, medication doses, complete blood count (CBC) tests and adverse events were compared between the two groups. A regression model was used to determine the risk factors for FN. <h3>Results</h3> From 30 November 2018 to 1 April 2019, 84 cases were included in the final analysis; there were 24 (28.6%) and 60 (71.4%) patients in the study and control groups, respectively, and 605 chemotherapy cycles. The study group or chemotherapy cycles utilising long-acting G-CSF had significantly fewer utilisations and doses of short-acting G-CSF; clinical visits; CBC tests; and incidences of FN and myelosuppression; and less G-CSF-associated pain. The utilisation of G-CSF was the only independent factor for FN in a binary regression model. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Long-acting G-CSF could effectively reduce the incidences of FN and myelosuppression and had mild adverse effects in newly diagnosed patients with EOC receiving chemotherapy. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT03740464.
"And have you done anything so far?" An examination of lay treatment of children's symptoms.
Authors: S Cunningham-Burley, S Irvine
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Interview data and health diary material were collected for an investigation of mothers9 perceptions of their children9s illnesses and of how they routinely coped with minor ailments in their children. The descriptions offered by the mothers of how they treated their children9s symptoms and their actual use of various remedies as reported in the health diaries helped clarify the issues and processes concerned in their use of proprietary medicines and home remedies and their attitudes towards prescriptions. There was extensive use of proprietary medicines, yet mothers also used some home remedies or took no action at all. They were found to treat their children9s symptoms themselves, contacting their general practitioner only if symptoms did not clear up or became more serious. Generally mothers should be treated as competent in caring for a child whose health and behaviour are causing concern, and in these cases the skills of the general practitioner should be viewed as complementing those of the mother. Mothers do not invariably expect a prescription from the doctor.
Disruption of the BCL11B gene through inv(14)(q11.2q32.31) results in the expression of BCL11B-TRDC fusion transcripts and is associated with the absence of wild-type BCL11B transcripts in T-ALL
Authors: G K Przybylski, W A Dik, J Wanzeck, P Grabarczyk, S Majunke, J I Martin-Subero, R Siebert, G Dölken, W-D Ludwig, B Verhaaf, J J M van Dongen, C A Schmidt, A W Langerak
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
The Anatomical Works of George Stubbs
Authors: William B. Ober
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Too long undervalued as a mere "horse painter," George Stubbs (1724-1806) has belatedly come into his own, and his credentials as an anatomist and classical artist are fully established by this handsome volume that collects for the first time all his anatomical plates and drawings. Included are the ten illustrations for Burton's<i>Midwifery</i>(1751) that have never been republished; and not only the plates from The<i>Anatomy of a Horse</i>(1766), upon which Stubbs's reputation had chiefly rested, but also the 24 drawings for it that were recently discovered in the Royal Academy, plus the 126 drawings for his unfinished ambitious project,<i>A Comparative Anatomical Exposition of the Human Body with that of a Tiger and a Common Fowl</i>(1804-06). The drawings for the last-named work were long thought lost but were rediscowered in 1957 in the Free Public Library at Worcester, Mass. A magisterial introduction by Terence Doherty provides
language, ecological structure, and across-population sharing
Authors: alexa bódog, gábor p. háden, zoltán jakab, zsolt palatinus
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

we propose a way to achieve across-population sharing within the authors' model in a way that is plausibly in accordance with human evolution, and also a simple way to capture ecological structure. finally, we briefly reflect on the model's scope and limits in modeling linguistic communication.
Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy Locus Maps to Chromosome 2q31
Authors: Benjamin L. Siu, Hideshi Niimura, John A. Osborne, Diane Fatkin, Calum MacRae, Scott Solomon, D. Woodrow Benson, J. G. Seidman, Christine E. Seidman
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Inherited gene defects are an important cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Although the chromosome locations of some defects and 1 disease gene (actin) have been identified, the genetic etiologies of most cases of familial dilated cardiomyopathy remain unknown. Methods and Results —We clinically evaluated 3 generations of a kindred with autosomal dominant transmission of dilated cardiomyopathy. Nine surviving and affected individuals had early-onset disease (ventricular chamber dilation during the teenage years and congestive heart failure during the third decade of life). The disease was nonpenetrant in 2 obligate carriers. To identify the causal gene defect, linkage studies were performed. A new dilated cardiomyopathy locus was identified on chromosome 2 between loci GCG and D2S72 (maximum logarithm of odds [LOD] score=4.86 at θ=0). Because the massive gene encoding titin, a cytoskeletal muscle protein, resides in this disease interval, sequences encoding 900 amino acid residues of the cardiac-specific (N2-B) domain were analyzed. Five sequence variants were identified, but none segregated with disease in this family. Conclusions —A dilated cardiomyopathy locus (designated CMD1G ) is located on chromosome 2q31 and causes early-onset congestive heart failure. Although titin remains an intriguing candidate gene for this disorder, a disease-causing mutation is not present in its cardiac-specific N2-B domain.
Pacemaker Electrode Break: Emergency Treatment
Authors: Edward G. Abinader
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since the advent of electrical pacing of the heart, many unusual causes of malfunction have been recognized. This report also describes an unique emergency maneuver. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 70-year-old farmer had a left ventricular epicardial pacemaker implanted eight years ago. The generator pocket was in the upper abdomen, and the electrodes crossed the belt region in a subcutaneous tunnel. A few months later, the patient was brought to the emergency room because of repeated Stokes-Adams attacks particularly when in the supine position. His family noted that he had no syncopal episodes throughout the two-hour journey by car while in the sitting position. In the emergency room, he lost consciousness while supine, and ventricular standstill was recorded on his electrocardiogram. Sitting him forward or pressing his abdomen at the waist above the electrode, resulted in immediate resumption of electrical pacing. This was confirmed repeatedly under electrocardiographic
Peripheral arterial tonometry during hyperemia is blunted in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Jeffrey T. Kuvin, Ayan R. Patel, Kathleen A. Sliney, Jacob Sheffy, Robert P. Schnall, Natesa G. Pandian, Richard H. Karas, James E. Udelson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Five-year prospective comparison study of topical glyceryl trinitrate treatment of chronic lateral epicondylosis at the elbow
Authors: S. D. McCallum, J. A. Paoloni, G. A. Murrell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

Topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) treatment has previously demonstrated short-term efficacy in the treatment of lateral epicondylosis. No long-term follow-up has been performed.Benefits from topical GTN persist 5 years after the cessation of therapy.A prospective comparative study.A follow-up study of 58 patients treated with 6 months of topical GTN or placebo, combined with a tendon rehabilitation programme, was performed 5 years after discontinuation of therapy. Assessment included patient-rated pain scores, clinically assessed lateral epicondylar and proximal common extensor tendon tenderness, hand-held dynamometer measurement of resisted third finger metacarpophalangeal extension with a fully extended elbow (Maudsley's test) and wrist extensor tendon mean peak force using a modified chair pick-up test (the Orthopaedic Research Institute-tennis elbow testing system).Patients in both the GTN group and those in the placebo group had significant improvements in symptoms, clinical signs and provocative functional tests compared with baseline week 0 measures. GTN did not offer any additional clinical benefit over a standard tendon rehabilitation programme at 5 years.While GTN appears to offer short-term benefits up to 6 months in the treatment of lateral epicondylosis, at 5 years there does not appear to be significant clinical benefits when compared with patients undertaking a standard tendon rehabilitation programme alone. This is in contrast to findings of continued benefits at long-term follow-up described in the literature for patients with Achilles tendinopathy treated with GTN.
Virologic response and characterisation of HCV genotype 2–6 in patients receiving TMC435 monotherapy (study TMC435-C202)
Authors: Oliver Lenz, Leen Vijgen, Jan Martin Berke, Maxwell D. Cummings, Bart Fevery, Monika Peeters, Goedele De Smedt, Christophe Moreno, Gaston Picchio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Functional haplotypes of IL-12B are associated with childhood atopic asthma
Authors: Tomomitsu Hirota, Yoichi Suzuki, Koichi Hasegawa, Kazuhiko Obara, Akira Matsuda, Mitsuteru Akahoshi, Kazuko Nakashima, Lei Cheng, Naomi Takahashi, Makiko Shimizu, Satoru Doi, Kimie Fujita, Tadao Enomoto, Motohiro Ebisawa, Shigemi Yoshihara, Yusuke Nakamura, Fumio Kishi, Taro Shirakawa, Mayumi Tamari
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
CONTINUOUS INHALATION IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: D. B. Lees
Journal: BMJ (1912)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following CONTINUOUS INHALATION IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
First official FGM figures for England identify more than 1700 cases at hospitals in past six months
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2014)

More than 1700 girls and women treated at acute NHS hospital trusts in England were identified over the past six months as having undergone female genital mutilation (FGM), the first official figures1 in a national data programme have shown.

From 1 September 2014 all acute care trusts in England have had to report any patients that they identify as having been subjected to FGM, which is illegal in the United Kingdom. Clinicians are …
The Basic Physics of Radiation Therapy
Authors: Marshall Brucer
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The first chapters of this textbook review some simple mathematics used in the physics of radiation therapy and the methods for producing x-rays. The units of dose in radiation are described, and it is shown how these units are applied to x-ray therapy and in treatment planning. The same kind of background information is given for radioactivity and supervoltage generators. There are sections on the medical use of radioactive isotopes, radiobiology, and protection in radiotherapy. There do not seem to be any biases in the presentation of the subject matter, but neither are there any strong opinions. Rather, this appears to be a collection of expanded lecture notes for radiologists, residents in radiology, and radiological technicians. As an only textbook it is adequate for x-ray technicians but far too superficial for residents in radiology. The book is well printed and bound. The typography is excellent. The illustrations are well conceived
Cost-Effective Care of End-Stage Renal Disease: A Billion Dollar Question
Authors: STEPHEN D. ROBERTS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

We examined the survival time and costs of therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. A computer simulation model of the current system was constructed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of home and center hemodialysis and live related as well as cadaver donor renal transplantation. Analysis of the simulation showed that live related donor transplantation was the least costly and had the greatest survival time, while center hemodialysis had the poorest cost-effectiveness. By simulating changes to the present system of care, we found that shifts from center dialysis to either home dialysis or cadaver donor transplantation would save $7000 to $8000 per life year, or $284 million per year for the existing end-stage renal disease population. However, if legislative changes fail to produce real shifts from center hemodialysis, costs will increase. We conclude that the substantial costs for end-stage renal disease can be contained by shifting from the widespread use of center hemodialysis.
Lipoproteins in Cancer Patients
Authors: M. Barclay, V. P. Skipski, O. Terebus-Kekish, E. M. Greene, R. J. Kaufman, C. C. Stock
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1971)

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians publishes information about the prevention, early detection, and treatment of cancer, as well as nutrition, palliative care, survivorship, and additional topics of interest related to cancer care.