tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mechanical restitution of isolated human ventricular myocardium subjected to in vivo pressure and volume overload
Authors: I. C Cooper, C. H Fry, M. M Webb-Peploe
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Objective: The aim was to make a comparison of the mechanical and electrical refractory properties of isolated strips of human ventricular myocardium obtained from patients with either left ventricular pressure overload, volume overload, or normal left ventricular function. Methods: Strips of ventricular myocardium were obtained at the time of cardiac surgery from 17 patients with aortic stenosis, representing pressure overload, 14 patients with aortic regurgitation, representing volume overload, and nine patients with mitral stenosis, representing normal left ventricular function. Muscle strips were mounted isometrically in a tissue bath, superfused with physiological saline at 37°C, and stimulated at 1 Hz. Mechanical restitution curves were constructed from the isometric twitch tension obtained from extrastimuli during a special stimulus protocol. Transmembrane action potentials were recorded using glass microelectrodes and restitution of the upstroke velocity of action potentials studied in the presence of high external potassium concentration. Results: The aortic stenosis group was older and had higher left ventricular systolic pressures and thicker left ventricular walls than the other groups. Electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy was present in both the aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation groups. Peak tension, time to peak tension, and the maximum rates of rise and fall of tension were not significantly different between groups. The time constant of the initial rapid recovery phase of mechanical restitution (τi) was prolonged in the aortic stenosis group, at 603(SEM 80) ms v 367(53) ms in the aortic regurgitation group (p<0.005), and 259(70) ms in the mitral stenosis group (p<0.005). There was a positive correlation between ti and left ventricular wall thickness (p<0.05). Neither "normal" nor "slow" (in the presence of raised external potassium) transmembrane action potentials differed in the groups studied. The mean time constant of recovery of "slow" action potential dV/dtmax was slower in the aortic stenosis group, but this difference was not significant. Conclusions: These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the rate of recovery of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is slowed in myocardial hypertrophy due to pressure overload in man and provides a possible explanation of the occurrence of mechanical alternans in such patients. Cardiovascular Research 1992;26:978–982
321 Role of nuclear bile acid receptor FXR in regulation of bile acid detoxification and organic solute transporter (OST-α/β) expression in bile acid-fed mice
Authors: G. Zollner, M. Wagner, T. Moustafa, P. Fickert, D. Silbert, J. Gumhold, D. Helmut, H.U. Marschall, M. Trauner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells with a combination of cyclophosphamide, r-metHuSCF and filgrastim in patients with breast cancer previously treated with chemotherapy
Authors: F Prósper, C Solá, J Hornedo, C Arbona, P Menéndez, A Orfao, A Lluch, H Cortés-Funes, J J López, J García-Conde
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Pegylated interferon beta-1a for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (ADVANCE): a randomised, phase 3, double-blind study
Authors: Peter A Calabresi, Bernd C Kieseier, Douglas L Arnold, Laura J Balcer, Alexey Boyko, Jean Pelletier, Shifang Liu, Ying Zhu, Ali Seddighzadeh, Serena Hung, Aaron Deykin
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2014)
Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W135 Disease-Reply
Authors: Richard B. Roberts
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The comments and data presented by Dr Salit are very much appreciated. Unfortunately, neither of our two patients with SLE who were receiving steroids every other day were tested at the time of their illness for immunoglobulin or complement deficiency. However, I agree with Dr Salit that in the few patients described to date, there is a striking association of W135 meningococcal disease and immunosuppression, with or without immunoglobulin and complement deficiency, and such studies should be performed to document this association.
Non-invasive electromagnetic measurement of the peripheral pulsatile blood flow: experimental study and clinical applications
Authors: H. J. L. BOCCALON, B. J. L. CANDELON, H. G. DOLL, P. F. PUEL, A. P. ENJALBERT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

The non-invasive electromagnetic blood flowmeter described in this paper allows us to measure pulsatile flow through a limb. The limb is placed in a magnetic field and the blood flow rate induces electromagnetic forces which are detected at the skin surface with ECG electrodes (Faraday's law). A special computer technique is necessary to isolate the signal from artefacts (local ECG, BCG, EMG). In vitro calibration is performed using a circulatory model and in vivo using mongrel dogs. Its validity is assessed by comparing the results with the responses obtained from the invasive electromagnetic flowmeter. Sources of error in the measurement such as blood composition (Na+, K+), haematocrit (45% to 29%), and venous flow are reported here. The results indicate that the method is reliable, easy to utilise and offers a unique non-invasive way of measuring true pulsatile blood flow rate in humans. Various clinical applications are discussed for possible use of the device.
Vasodilator mechanism of the intracerebral (non-sympathetic) adrenergic pathway
Authors: G. MITCHELL, D. MITCHELL, C. ROSENDORFF
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Stimulation of the intracerebral noradrenergic pathway causes a vasodilatation in the hypothalamus. We have investigated whether this vasodilatation is caused by a direct vascular innervation or whether it is secondary to an activation of hypothalamic neurons. Non-specific neuronal activation using glutamate increased the mean hypothalamic blood flow. Depression of neuronal activity using barbiturate reduced hypothalamic blood flow and blocked the glutamate and the intracerebral noradrenergic pathway-induced vasodilatation. These results suggest that stimulation of the intracerebral noradrenergic pathway increases hypothalamic neuronal activity which indirectly causes a vasodilatation.
DIABETES MELLITUS AND CHRONIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: H. W. Jordan
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The article on this subject (The Journal, February 20, p. 535) suggests a note on my personal experience with diabetes and arthritis. In July, 1923, after twenty years of careful, conventional antidiabetic dieting, I had a sudden acute attack of sciatica in the right hip and leg. My physician immediately began the use of insulin with a weighed diet. There was no other treatment. After ten weeks of helplessness in bed followed by four months spent in getting the muscles back to normal, complete recovery was secured, except for a slight numbness in the right big toe. The net stripped weight, which had dropped during five years to 149 pounds (68 Kg.), began to increase. Within a year it went to its former 187 (85 Kg.), the right figure for my height of 6 feet 1 inch (185 cm.). It stays at 187. Four years before the
Diagnosis of Urinary Frequency
Authors: Peter F. Schossberger
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am writing to comment briefly on recommendations made by F. A. Fried, MD, in answer to the patient complaint of urinary frequency, urgency, and nocturia in the absence of bladder, prostatic, or urethral inflammatory disease (239:545, 1978). While the patient's complaints are reminiscent of classic neurogenic bladder, similar or identical histories are also consistent with lower motor neuron disease, such as occult discogenic disease. I fully agree with Dr Fried's third recommendation that the patient have neurological studies of the bladder and urethra and have neurological examination for any neurological deficits. Consideration during this neurological examination not only should be to sacral roots 2, 3, and 4, the general level of supply to the bladder, but also should include a screen of spinal cord function to look for occult myelopathy. Lower motor neuron disease, as an expression of herniated lumbar disc without back pain or sciatica,
ANAESTHESIA BY THE INTRATRACHEAL INSUFFLATION OF ETHER
Authors: R. E. Kelly
Journal: BMJ (1912)

maintained (No. 2); four relapsed later (Nos. 1, 4, 5, 6), and of one (No.3) no subsequent report has been obtained.In one case tllere was sliglht improvement during treat- mnent (No. 9), but the patient died shortly after leaving the hospital.In three cases (Nos.7, 8, 10) tllere was no obvious improvement during the continuance of the treatment.In none of the cases was there evidence of complete arrest of the disease.4. The strength improved with tlle gelneral condition, anld the remaiks under the last lheading mlay be applied here.5. Seven patients gained weight during the treatinient; one (No.2) has continued to do so; tlhree lost weight (Nos. 1, 4, an'd 6) subsequently, and of two there is no futhelr report.IP4eti t(7.-and 8) lost weiglht during the treatmcint, but gained wdS; h4menntly.In the case of tubercu- Ious peritonitis there was a -ain g" wcijht after thc operation.6.-None of the cases developed intercuLrrelt affections, anid this assertioin could not be tested.7. No case of tubercAilous adenitis was treated; the case of tuberculous epididymlitis anid peiitonitis did not seeem to be influenced by tlhe treatment.8: No case of tubercutloLs laryngitis was treated.9. Evidence of local action was difficult to flind.In Case 3 the patient -said tllat he couLld taste the dioradin a few minutes after the injection, and thouglht tlhat it
False-Positive Tests for Urinary 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid
Authors: Arthur T. Pedersen
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A metabolic by-product of glyceryl guaiacolate, a widely used expectorant, causes a false-positive increase in urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in laboratory tests. This interference may result in confusion during evaluation of patients for the carcinoid syndrome. This problem of false-positive test results is particularly relevant to asthmatic patients, who are frequently on a regimen of compounds which contain glyceryl guaiacolate. On occasion, particularly when they have abdominal distress and diarrhea, asthmatics may be evaluated for the carcinoid syndrome. In such instances, discontinuation of glyceryl guaiacolate for 24 hours before the collection of 24-hour urine specimens for 5-HIAA determination is recommended.
Cholestyramine and Probucol Synergism
Authors: P.J. NESTEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1982Cholestyramine and Probucol SynergismP.J. NESTEL, M.D.P.J. NESTEL, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-4-622_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug that has been in use in the United States for some time, is considered only moderately effective (1, 2). Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is reduced less consistently with probucol than with cholestyramine and the simultaneous lowering of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol may be disadvantageous. (3) We saw a marked potentiation by probucol of the cholesterol lowering effect of cholestyramine. Because patients with familial hypercholesterolemia are often resistant to treatment with cholestyramine alone and need an additional drug such as nicotinic acid, or even plasmapheresis, we report our findings in six men...References1. LE LOSIER J, DU-BREUIL-QUIDOZ S, LUSSIER-CACAN S, HUANG Y, and DAVIGNON J. Diet and probucol in lowering cholesterol concentrations. Diet and probucol in lowering cholesterol concentrations. Arch Intern Med. 1977;137:1429-34. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. PARSONS W. Effect of probucol in hyperlipidemic patients during two years of administration. Am Heart J. 1978;96:213-23. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. NESTEL P and BILLINGTON T. Effects of probucol on low density lipoprotein removal and high density lipoprotein synthesis. Atherosclerosis. 1981;38:203-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MIETTINEN T. Mode of action of a new hypocholesterolaemic drug (DH-581) in familial hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 1972;15:163-76. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: P.J. NESTEL, M.D.Affiliations: Baker Medical Research Institute Prahan, Victoria Australia 3181 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byWhen and How to Treat HyperlipidemiaHomozygous familial hypercholesterolemia occurring with apoprotein E3 deficiency. Report of two cases. 1 October 1982Volume 97, Issue 4Page: 622-622KeywordsDrugsFamilial hypercholesterolemiaHigh density lipoproteinHypercholesterolemiaLow density lipoproteinNiacin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Effects of Raloxifene on Bone Mineral Density, Serum Cholesterol Concentrations, and Uterine Endometrium in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Pierre D. Delmas, Nina H. Bjarnason, Bruce H. Mitlak, Anne-Catherine Ravoux, Aarti S. Shah, William J. Huster, Michael Draper, Claus Christiansen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Long-term estrogen therapy can reduce the risk of osteoporotic fracture and cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. At present, however, these beneficial effects are not separable from undesirable stimulation of breast and endometrial tissues.
Assessment of aggression in psychiatric admissions: semistructured interview and case note survey
Authors: J. Sanders
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Most mentally ill people are not violent, and most violence is carried out by mentally well people. 1 Nevertheless psychiatric illness is associated in the public mind with violence. 2 3Psychiatric assessment routinely examines suicidality, but how commonly clinicians ask patients about other forms of aggressive ideation is unclear.We aimed to measure the prevalence of aggressive ideation among patients admitted to psychiatric hospitals, and how frequently examining psychiatrists asked about such thoughts.
Progressive depletion of plasma cholinesterase during daily plasma exchange.
Authors: J L Paterson, E S Walsh, G M Hall
Journal: BMJ (1979)

between the exposed and unexposed patients. CommentOf the men with HD, which was diagnosed between 20 and 65 years of age, about 200' had occupations indicating that they handled chemicals.In the three control groups the corresponding figure was only 2-30%, which agrees well with the prevalence (29%) of such on 14 July 2023 by guest.
Interleukin-33-Dependent Innate Lymphoid Cells Mediate Hepatic Fibrosis
Authors: Tamar Mchedlidze, Maximilian Waldner, Steffen Zopf, Jennifer Walker, Andrew L. Rankin, Marcus Schuchmann, David Voehringer, Andrew N.J. McKenzie, Markus F. Neurath, Stefan Pflanz, Stefan Wirtz
Journal: Immunity (2013)
The persistence of immunophenotypically normal residual bone marrow plasma cells at diagnosis identifies a good prognostic subgroup of symptomatic multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Bruno Paiva, Maria-Belén Vidriales, Gema Mateo, Jose J. Pérez, Maria Angeles Montalbán, Anna Sureda, Laura Montejano, Norma C. Gutiérrez, Alfonso García de Coca, Natalia de las Heras, Maria Victoria Mateos, Maria Consuelo López-Berges, Raimundo García-Boyero, Josefina Galende, Jose Hernández, Luis Palomera, Dolores Carrera, Rafael Martínez, Javier de la Rubia, Alejandro Martín, Yolanda González, Joan Bladé, Juan José Lahuerta, Alberto Orfao, Jesús F. San-Miguel
Journal: Blood (2009)
"Caring" as Part of Health Care Quality
Authors: W. Walter Menninger
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The subjective aspects of "caring" are an important part of health care quality and should be understood in the context of the illness-recovery process and the physician-patient relationship. "Caring" requires sensitivity on the part of the physician to the role of illness in our society and to the emotional component of illness in every patient. The patient's emotional response to the health care he or she receives should be respected as a valid aspect of health care quality. It is a continuing challenge to the medical profession to include some means of assessing this aspect of health care as part of professional standards review. As Dr Peabody noted, "The secret of the care of the patient is in caring for the patient."<sup>1</sup> (<i>JAMA</i>234:836-837, 1975)
Abstract 1554: Identification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 somatic mutations in breast cancer tumors with loss of BRCA1 nuclear expression
Authors: Carolina Alvarez, David Wiener, Patricia Gajardo, Wanda Fernandez, Valeria Cornejo, Jorge Gamboa, Pilar Carvallo
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Breast cancer is the first cause of death by cancer in women in Chile as in many countries around the world. Until today, BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the most relevant genes for breast cancer high risk. Moreover, different studies have shown that BRCA1 is under expressed in breast tumors. Our group has found that in a high percentage of hereditary tumors BRCA1 protein have a diminished or null expression, or is mislocalized to the cytoplasm (unpublished data). In this regard, it has become a goal for us to identify if mislocalization and/or loss of expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 could be related to somatic mutations in the tumors. In this work, we sequenced BRCA1 and BRCA2 in DNA extracted from 14 fresh/frozen tumors. DNA was isolated from each tumor and amplified by PCR in 5 multiplexes (a total of 93 amplicons) considering all exons and intron/exon junctions with approximately 30bp of intronic sequence each side. Multiplexes were then pooled for each patient and processed for sequencing in the GS Junior Roche. All reads were processed with AVA software to detect nucleotide changes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 sequences and analyzed manually to discard misinterpretations. All mutations identified were confirmed by Sanger. From the same tumors we obtained a second section that was formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. This FFPE fragment was cut in 4 μm sections and analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to assess BRCA1 expression and localization. We found a total of 5 mutations, 3 in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2, in 6 tumors. Interestingly, one BRCA1 mutation present in 7 to 20% of reads, was found in 5 tumors. Among those, two tumors presented two different mutations in BRCA2, in addition. The last tumor presented one extra mutation in BRCA1. BRCA1 expression analysis was coherent between immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. In general 9 tumors showed weak or negative BRCA1 nuclear expression and 5 mainly moderate nuclear staining. In addition 6 tumors presented moderate to strong cytoplasmic expression of the protein, considered abnormal. Considering tumors with weak or negative expression of BRCA1, 40% presents BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. The relevance of the absence of BRCA1 expression, or function impairment of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 due to somatic mutations, relays on the possible treatment with PARP1 inhibitors. Supported by FONDECYT 1120200. Citation Format: Carolina Alvarez, David Wiener, Patricia Gajardo, Wanda Fernandez, Valeria Cornejo, Jorge Gamboa, Pilar Carvallo. Identification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 somatic mutations in breast cancer tumors with loss of BRCA1 nuclear expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1554. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1554
Inhibition of human topoisomerase II in vitro by bioactive benzene metabolites.
Authors: C E Frantz, H Chen, D A Eastmond
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Benzene is a clastogenic and carcinogenic agent that induces acute myelogenous leukemia in humans and multiple of tumors in animals. Previous research has indicated that benzene must first be metabolized to one or more bioactive species to exert its myelotoxic and genotoxic effects. To better understand the possible role of individual benzene metabolites in the leukemogenic process, as well as to further investigate inhibition of topoisomerase II by benzene metabolites, a series of known and putative benzene metabolites, phenol, 4,4'-biphenol, 2,2'-biphenol, hydroquinone, catechol, 1,2,4-benzenetriol, 1,4-benzoquinone, and trans-trans-muconaldehyde were tested for inhibitory effects in vitro on the human topoisomerase II enzyme. With minor modifications of the standard assay conditions, 1,4-benzoquinone and trans-trans-muconaldehyde were shown to be directly inhibitory, whereas all of the phenolic metabolites were shown to inhibit enzymatic activity following bioactivation using a peroxidase activation system. The majority of compounds tested inhibited topoisomerase II at concentrations at or below 10 microM. These results confirm and expand upon previous findings from our laboratory and indicate that many of the metabolites of benzene could potentially interfere with topoisomerase II. Since other inhibitors of topoisomerase II have been shown to induce leukemia in humans, inhibition of this enzyme by benzene metabolites may also play a role in the carcinogenic effects of benzene.
Review: Varenicline is better than placebo or bupropion, but not clearly different from the nicotine patch, for smoking abstinence
Authors: James Brophy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club19 April 2011Review: Varenicline is better than placebo or bupropion, but not clearly different from the nicotine patch, for smoking abstinenceJames Brophy, MD, PhDJames Brophy, MD, PhDMcGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (J.B.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-02004 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationCahill K, Stead LF, Lancaster T. Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(2):CD006103. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21328282Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Pulmonology: Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (J.B.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 April 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 April 2011Volume 154, Issue 8Page: JC4-4KeywordsAdverse eventsInsomniaLung and intrathoracic tumorsNauseaNicotineResearch fundingSafetySafety studies ePublished: 19 April 2011 Issue Published: 19 April 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Study of the Work of a Community Medical Emergency Service with Psychosomatic and Psychiatric Patients
Authors: M. Rigatelli, M. Marcon, A.R. Morritti
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

The study aims to: (a) assess the incidence of functional/psychosomatic (FP) and psychiatric (P) calls to the Community Emergency Medical Service (during the night, weekends, public holidays, when the primary care physicians are not on duty) and to determine the type of response provided; (b) highlight the diagnostic, relational, therapy and assistance problems involved in an approach to these patients at an emergency call level by a young, nonspecialist physician. The study data show that the quantitative importance of FP and P patients, as noted in the literature, is equally valid for emergency. But the study also highlights the numerous difficulties these patients cause to nonspecialist physicians. Liaison psychiatrist activity should find excellent growth potential in this new direction.