tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Methadyl Acetate vs Methadone
Authors: Jerome H. Jaffe
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Thirty-four long-term heroin addicts were treated with either methadone hydrochloride or methadyl acetate (<i>dl</i>-methadyl acetate, acetylmethadol) under double-blind conditions over 15 weeks. These drugs were not found to be significantly different with regard to acceptability to patients, reduction of illicit drug use, increase in legitimate employment, reduction of criminal activity, frequency of clinic attendance, and medical safety. These results suggest that the advantages of methadyl acetate, namely reduction in the frequency of clinic visits and the possibility of more effective control over administration and illegal redistribution, are not outweighed by any problems detectable under the conditions of the present study. However, in spite of these potential advantages, the unusual pharmacological actions of methadyl acetate could represent potential hazards.
Fluticasone propionate powder and lack of clinically significant effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and bone mineral density over 2 years in adults with mild asthma
Authors: James T.C. Li, Linda B. Ford, Paul Chervinsky, Stephen C. Weisberg, Donald J. Kellerman, Kenneth G. Faulkner, Nancy E. Herje, Abbas Hamedani, Stuart M. Harding, Tushar Shah
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
Full of bile
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2011)

No writer can have expended more bile on his homeland than Thomas Bernhard (1931-89). Not only were his books and plays extremely insulting to his country, Austria, but in his will he directed that none of his books should be published there (“whatever form the state takes”) and none of his plays should be produced on its stages. Of course, such obsessive rancour is not always easy to distinguish from love, albeit disappointed love.

Bernhard was infuriated by the distinction between the great natural beauty of Austria and of its human monuments and cultural achievements, on the one hand, and its moral obtuseness and will to amnesia after the war, on the other.

But there was another possible source …
Selective inhibition of cell death in malignant vs normal B-cell precursors: implications for cAMP in development and treatment of BCP-ALL
Authors: Elin Hallan Naderi, Hege Katrin Ugland, Phoi-Phoi Diep, Dag Josefsen, Ellen Ruud, Soheil Naderi, Heidi Kiil Blomhoff
Journal: Blood (2013)
Early Use of Drastic Therapy
Authors: Kenneth I. Weinberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Krabbe's disease, or globoid-cell leukodystrophy, is an inborn error of lipid metabolism first described in 1916 in two children with spasticity who died in infancy and were found to have “diffuse sclerosis” of the brain.1 Prominent features of the brain in affected children were decreased white-matter mass with relatively normal gray matter, generalized demyelination, and clusters of globoid cells in the white matter. Subsequent histopathological analyses have demonstrated that the changes in the white matter are due to the death of the myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, whereas the characteristic . . .
Body Image: A Surgical Perspective
Authors: Richard Carlton Schultz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This is a fine-looking, copiously illustrated book written by two well-known clinicians. It purports to deal with all aspects of body contouring surgery, although its title does not state that. In the preface and the first two and last chapters, the authors survey in sometimes ponderous fashion the anthropocentric, anthropomorphic, philosophical, and historical justification for this type of surgery. Included in this are eight fully illustrated pages of period costuming. Chapters on superficial anatomy and anesthesia are useful, the latter including the authors' routine. The bulk of the book deals with heavily illustrated case reports of abdominoplasty, each followed by a rather honest critique. Two chapters deal with complications of abdominoplasty, their prevention and treatment. There is one chapter each on the thigh plasty and brachioplasty, again generously illustrated and presented essentially in case report format. Although the authors liberally demonstrate their vast experience with body contouring surgery, I found
Endothelium-dependent responses in long-term human coronary artery bypass grafts.
Authors: D D Ku, J B Caulfield, J K Kirklin
Journal: Circulation (1991)

In the present study, responses of long-term human coronary artery bypass grafts (CABGs) to known endothelium-dependent vasodilators, acetylcholine, calcium ionophore A23187, thrombin, and histamine, as well as authentic nitric oxide, the putative endothelium-derived relaxing factor, were studied. Sixteen CAGBs were isolated within 1-2 hours from hearts of 14 patients receiving a cardiac transplant. A total of 109 ring segments were prepared from these CABGs and studied in vitro. The duration of the CABGs ranged from 7 months to 12 years. Addition of acetylcholine (0.01-10 microM), calcium ionophore A23187 (0.01-1.0 microM), thrombin (0.01-1.0 unit/ml), and histamine (0.01-1.0 microM) consistently produced a dose- and endothelium-dependent relaxation, reaching a maximum of -35.3 +/- 3.3%, -45.3 +/- 5.5%, -26.9 +/- 4.8%, and -17.8 +/- 2.5% (mean +/- SEM), respectively. No significant difference was observed among the CABGs with different duration of transplantation, whereas the relaxant responses of different segments along the entire length of a CABG were markedly different. These latter differences in the endothelium-dependent responses appear to correlate inversely with the development of intimal proliferative lesions in these CABGs. Addition of nitric oxide (0.01-10 microM) produced a potent dose- and endothelium-independent relaxation, which was also slightly depressed in CABGs with severe intimal proliferation. These results demonstrate that long-term transplanted human saphenous vein grafts retain their endothelium-dependent responses and that development of severe intimal proliferative lesions, rather than the duration of the grafts, result in marked alterations in the reactivity of these transplanted CABGs.
Occupational health. Government program for county employees
Authors: J. S. Felton
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The County of Los Angeles is a huge plot of ground exceeding 4,000 square miles, with an astounding number of structures, yards, parks, airstrips, vehicles, and beaches serving as worksites for more than 73,000 county employees, divided among 2,200 separate job classifications. Several thousand workers are located in the Civic Center in downtown Los Angeles, and another 15,000 work in nine county hospitals, the remainder being scattered in myriad communities within county boundaries. There are just less than 70 separate departments and districts, ranging in size from a score of employees to many thousands. Most fascinating in this governmental setting is the broad and intriguing variety of positions held. A few of the unusual jobs include pilot, art restorer, portfolio analyst, autopsy photographer, calligrapher, criminalist, museum taxidermist, dam operator, butcher, angiography technician, harbormaster, and marine and aircraft appraiser. Filling the interstices of this people-matrix are the many familiar types of
Hydroxyproline excretion in patients with breast cancer and response to treatment.
Authors: T J Powles, C L Leese, P K Bondy
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The urinary excretion of hydroxyproline, measured as the hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio, was useful in monitoring the progression of metastatic cancer of the breast. After new treatment was started changes in the hydroxyproline excretion occurred earlier than other clinically observable responses. The test could therefore be used for predicting the response to treatment and early detection of the sensitivity of the tumour to hormone therapy.
Lack of hidden complement fixing IgM rheumatoid factor in adult seronegative rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D L Robbins, T L Moore
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

IgM rheumatoid factors capable of complement fixation and activation are commonly present in the sera of adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Hidden complement fixing IgM rheumatoid factor has been demonstrated in the majority of patients with juvenile RA and hidden agglutinating IgM rheumatoid factors have been demonstrated in the serum of adults with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. We studied 27 adults with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and were unable to demonstrate hidden complement fixing IgM rheumatoid factor in their sera.
Factor IX levels and oestrogens.
Authors: A. M. Dickins
Journal: BMJ (1968)

hepatitis was 30,000 cases with nearly 3,600 deaths.No account was taken of the incidence of anicteric hepatitis, and, in general, the accepted ratio is 1 overt case for at least 10 actual infections, although in 1965 it was estimated that the ratio of anic- teric to icteric hepatitis after blood trans- fusion could be greater than 100: 1 (based
Wandering Spleen Presenting as a Pediatric Pelvic Mass
Authors: EDWARD R. SAVOLAINE, PAMELA J. SCHLEMBACH, MARGARET G. ROBINSON, KEVIN MCCANN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Wandering spleen is a rare entity, especially in the pediatric age group. It is a result of congenital incomplete fusion of the dorsal mesogastrium and may be further aggravated by abdominal organomegaly or by visceroptosis, as in prune belly syndrome. Its discovery may be incidental to variable abdominal complaints such as intermittent pain, vomiting, and anorexia, or as an acute abdomen in the event of torsion of its vascular pedicle. In a clinical setting where malignancy is suspected, it is desirable to resolve quickly whether the abdominal or pelvic mass represents tumor or tumor-related splenomegaly. Multiple imaging modalities may contribute to the solution to this problem; however, Tc-99m SC radionuclide imaging is the most specific method, providing splenic vascular perfusion is not compromised.
<i>IL4Rα</i> Mutations Are Associated with Asthma Exacerbations and Mast Cell/IgE Expression
Authors: Sally E. Wenzel, Silvana Balzar, Elizabeth Ampleford, Gregory A. Hawkins, William W. Busse, William J. Calhoun, Mario Castro, K. Fan Chung, Serpil Erzurum, Benjamin Gaston, Elliot Israel, W. Gerald Teague, Douglas Curran-Everett, Deborah A. Meyers, Eugene R. Bleecker
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Background: Severe asthma has been associated with severe exacerbations, lower lung function and greater tissue inflammation. Previous studies have suggested that mutations in interleukin-4 receptor α (IL4Rα) are associated with lower lung function, higher IgE, and a gain in receptor function. However, an effect on exacerbations and tissue inflammation has not been shown.Hypothesis: Allelic substitutions in IL4Rα are associated with asthma exacerbations, lower lung function, and tissue inflammation, in particular to mast cells and IgE.Methods: Two well-characterized cohorts of subjects with severe asthma were analyzed for five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL4Rα. These polymorphisms were compared with the history of severe asthma exacerbations and lung function. In the primary (National Jewish) cohort, these polymorphisms were also compared with endobronchial tissue inflammatory cells and local IgE.Results: In both cohorts, the presence of the minor alleles at E375A and Q551R, which were more common in African Americans, was associated with a history of severe exacerbations and lower lung function. In the National Jewish cohort, the C allele at E375A was associated with higher tissue mast cells and higher levels of IgE bound to mast cells. The significance for most of these associations remained when whites (the larger racial subgroup) were analyzed separately.Conclusions: SNPs in IL4Rα, which are more common in African Americans, are associated with severe asthma exacerbations, lower lung function, and increased mast cell–related tissue inflammation. Further studies of the impact of these mutations in African Americans and on receptor function are indicated.
FAECAL AND INTESTINAL VOMITING AND JEJUNOSTOMY
Authors: V. Bonney
Journal: BMJ (1916)

FAECAL AND INTESTINAL VOMITING AND JEJUNOSTOMY.[mEDICB 583permanganate was poured into the cavity, which had been thorouglhly curetted to remove the pyogenic lining.The powder was pusled into every crevice with a piece of cotton on a force)s and withi the finger, and some gan- grenous skin and cellular tissl1e removed with scissors, and the wound was packed witlh a strip of gauze.It was left alone for a few days, during which tlte man rapidly improved, and wlhen the wouud was washed out there was a healthjy pink granulating surface, but almost dry.At the end of ten days he was out and about.Mencei6re's MIethod of Embalming.Onie of tlhe greatest pleasures of my stay in France was that of assisting Mencitwle at these operations at the H6pital de la Conpassion.I mnay describe one of the many cases I saw witlh hiim.A young farmer from the south of France was shot through the ankle by a rough piece of cast steel shrapnel.Pieces of his shloe anid sock were carried through and left there, although the steel went through.As he had been standing in the same wet
Innovations In the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The names of its distinguished editors and contributors are a sure index of the quality of this book, the contents of which transcend its title. Not only do we get the latest wrinkles in diagnosing, quantifying, treating, and prognosticating acute myocardial infarction, but we are also treated to an authoritative update of their more "established" aspects. Roberts has contributed a minimonograph on the pathology and clinical implications of the type and distribution of coronary artery lesions, superbly illustrated, and demonstrating—with this outstanding worker's usual flair—that anatomic pathology need not be a static discipline. Likoff's brief note on impending infarction sheds light on this confusing concept that "cannot be defined by objective criteria" (so far). Yu's "The Acute Phase of Myocardial Infarction" is succinct and analytic, including diagnostic criteria, clinical features of complicated and uncomplicated infarcts and many useful tables. Cohen (Lawrence S.) covers the early and late prognosis of infarction
Diagnostic Markers for Ovarian Cancer Screening: Not Ready for Routine Clinical Use
Authors: Ralph J. Coates, Katherine Kolor, Sherri L. Stewart, Lisa C. Richardson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

To the Editor: Given the number of women who are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year ([1][1]) and the poor survival after diagnosis,[1][2] the development of an effective screening method would clearly be of public health benefit. Therefore, the results of the study by Visintin et al. ([2][3], [
Cancer risk from asbestos in drinking water: summary of a case-control study in western Washington.
Authors: L Polissar, R K Severson, E S Boatman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

We conducted a case-control, interview-based study of the risk of developing cancer from asbestos in drinking water. An area that included Everett, Washington, was selected for the study because of the unusually high concentration of chrysotile asbestos in drinking water from the Sultan River. Through a population-based tumor registry, 382 individuals with cancer of the buccal cavity, pharynx, respiratory system, digestive system, bladder, or kidneys, diagnosed between 1977 and 1980, were identified, and they or their next of kin were interviewed. We conducted validation checks of our interviews, including a comparison with secondary sources. Data on asbestos exposure were collected based on residence and workplace history, and on individual water consumption. Logistic regression was used to estimate cancer risk. We found no convincing evidence for increased cancer risk from imbibed asbestos. Confidence intervals for relative risks for almost all sites included unity. There were significantly elevated risks only for male stomach and male pharyngeal cancer, but these sex-inconsistent results, based on small numbers of cases, are probably due to other factors.
Electrocardiographic Changes in Acute Subendocardial Infarction
Authors: RODERICK W. COOK, JESSE E. EDWARDS, RAYMOND D. PRUITT
Journal: Circulation (1958)

The electrocardiographic consequences of subendocardial infarction will find their most evident and characteristic expression in the acute has of a large lesion. Five cases of this kind are presented here and the associated electrocardiographic changes are described. At what level in the myocardium between the endocardium and epicardium do the electrocardiographic expressions of subendocardial infarction give way to those of transmural infarction Data in 6 cases of large nontransmural infarction are presented for comparison with findings in the 5 cases of subendocardial infarction.
Safety and efficacy of cytology brushings versus standard fine-needle aspiration in evaluating cystic pancreatic lesions: a controlled study
Authors: M. Al-Haddad, K. Gill, M. Raimondo, T. Woodward, M. Krishna, J. Crook, L. Skarvinko, L. Jamil, M. Hasan, M. Wallace
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de M. Al-Haddad et al., pp. 127Endoscopy 2010; 42(02): 183-183DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291832
Shall Ingenuity and Invention be Discredited Among Physicians?
Authors: Charles Denison
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Denver,Colo., April 9, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The above is practically one of the important questions which should have been decided at last year's meeting in San Francisco. Could it have come to the surface so as to have been voted on separately, the indications were then that the proposition to change the Code in this particular would have carried by a large majority. Happily, Dr. Quimby, of New Jersey, put in an amendment, separately from all others proposed, which brings this question squarely before the Baltimore meeting. Dr. Quimby's motion is to "change the Code of Ethics—Duties for the Support of Professional Character—by leaving out the words 'Surgical Instruments,'in second line, Clause 5, Article I." To spare the precious time of the meeting and to "hedge" against the possibility of my not being able to be present when this question comes up, please allow me to give a
A Hybrid Radioactive and Fluorescent Tracer for Sentinel Node Biopsy in Penile Carcinoma as a Potential Replacement for Blue Dye
Authors: Oscar R. Brouwer, Nynke S. van den Berg, Hanna M. Mathéron, Henk G. van der Poel, Bas W. van Rhijn, Axel Bex, Harm van Tinteren, Renato A. Valdés Olmos, Fijs W.B. van Leeuwen, Simon Horenblas
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Severe Symptomatic Hyponatremia: Treatment and Outcome
Authors: RICHARD H. STERNS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

A serum sodium concentration of 110 mmol/L or less is thought to be extremely dangerous; mortality rates of 33% to 86% have been cited. Experience at the University of Rochester School of Medicine does not corroborate this widespread belief. Among 62 patients with 64 episodes of severe hyponatremia, the mortality rate was only 8%, and most deaths were caused by underlying diseases; with a serum sodium concentration of 105 mmol/L or less, the mortality rate was 5%. Rapid correction of hyponatremia did not account for this favorable prognosis. Only 6% of the 64 cases were corrected to a serum sodium concentration of 120 mmol/L at recommended rates of 1.5 to 2 mmol/(L · h); half of the patients achieved this rate of correction because of a spontaneous water diuresis. In some settings, vigorous therapeutic efforts may have contributed to an adverse outcome. Rapid correction of hyponatremia is not indicated just because the serum sodium concentration is extremely low.
Perioral dermatitis: a 12-year review
Authors: D.S. WILKINSON, VERONICA KIRTON, J.D. WILKINSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

A continuing study of perioral dermatitis over a period of 12 years is presented. A distinction is made between various patterns of circumoral and paranasal dermatitis and the clinical picture that we describe as 'perioral dermatitis'. No cases were seen before 1966 but the number of patients presenting to hospital clinics or in private practice rose dramatically until 1970–1972, after which there has been a progressive fall in numbers. In this period, 259 patients were diagnosed as having the condition and of these 203, resident in an area of some 275,000 population and seen by one or other of us on at least two occasions, form the basis of this study. There were 173 females, fifteen males and fifteen children under 12 years of age. In many cases it was possible to suggest the primary lesion for which patients sought treatment. In sixty-nine patients this consisted of a para-oral eruption on the side of the chin and, in forty-one a paranasal erythematous dermatitis. The characteristic appearance and spread of the eruption to the glabella and eyelids are described. A few patients, mostly male, showed lesions around the eyelids only, from treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis. All but nine of the patients acknowledged the use of potent (not necessarily fluorinated) topical corticosteroids over long periods; in many cases these were self-administered. Some of the children had been treated with preparations intended for their mothers. The numerous aetiological agents that have been incriminated as causes of this eruption are examined. We believe that the prolonged use of topical potent corticosteroids is the only one tenable from our observations. The role of hormonal factors and of local irritant agents is examined in this context. Tetracyclines are curative in the great majority of patients in 6 weeks if local corticosteroids are discarded. Relapses are rare. Perioral dermatitis is a most satisfying condition to treat but several questions remain unanswered. The current 'revolt' against all forms of cortisone may enable us to answer some of these in the near future.
Detrusor Underactivity and the Underactive Bladder: A New Clinical Entity? A Review of Current Terminology, Definitions, Epidemiology, Aetiology, and Diagnosis
Authors: Nadir I. Osman, Christopher R. Chapple, Paul Abrams, Roger Dmochowski, François Haab, Victor Nitti, Heinz Koelbl, Philip van Kerrebroeck, Alan J. Wein
Journal: European Urology (2013)