tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA12: Translation of an OX40 agonist: Putting a foot on an immunologic gas pedal.
Authors: Andrew D. Weinberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Our group has focused on using agonists to the TNF-receptor, OX40, to enhance anti-tumor immunity/activity. OX40 agonists have T cell costimulatory activity and are known to increase CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation, effector function, and memory T cell survival. Injecting OX40 agonists into cancer-bearing hosts leads to increased anti-tumor immunity, which has been observed in several different mouse tumor models. The OX40 agonist anti-tumor activity is dependent on both CD4 and CD8 T cells and mice cured via OX40 agonists are immune to tumor rechallenge, suggesting an enhanced tumor-specific memory T cell response. The preclinical data led to the development of a mouse anti-human OX40 agonist Ab that was recently tested in a phase I clinical trial. The phase I trial treated metastatic cancer patients from several different tumor types, which included melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer. A dose escalation of the human OX40 Ab was well-tolerated and showed increased signs of T cell proliferation in both CD4/FoxP3neg and CD8 T cells (via Ki-67 staining) that peaked at the 0.4 mg/kg dose level. We also found that OX40-induced proliferating CD8 T cells showed increased levels of immune activation, as these cells had increased levels of CD38 and HLA-DR on their surface. One round of treatment led to regression of at least one metastatic lesion in 12/30 patients treated, however there were no partial or complete responses by RECIST criteria. In a select group of patients we were able to assess anti-tumor immune responses pre- and post-anti-OX40 treatment. We found in 3 of 4 patients that the anti-tumor immune responses were increased following anti-OX40 administration. In summary, OX40 agonist stimulation enhances anti-tumor immunity in cancer-bearing hosts and this activity was translated to late stage cancer patients. The human OX40 agonist used in these clinical studies was a mouse Ab. Hence it could only be administered once and had a relatively short half-life in vivo, therefore humanized versions of the OX40 agonists will be tested in future clinical trials. Citation Format: Andrew D. Weinberg. Translation of an OX40 agonist: Putting a foot on an immunologic gas pedal. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA12.
Iron metabolism in normal and hemochromatotic macrophages
Authors: Roy D. Baynes, Gail Bukofzer, Thomas H. Bothwell, Theo E. Meyer, Brian M. Friedman, Bruce J. Macfarlane, Rosario D. Lamparelli
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Certain metabolic pathways of iron were studied in macrophages (cultured human monocytes) obtained from normal and hemochromatotic subjects. The relative abilities of the hydrophobic ferrous chelator 2,2' bipyridine and the hydrophilic ferric chelators desferrioxamine (DFO) and diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (DTPA) to release iron from normal and hemochromatotic macrophages which had previously been loaded with diferric transferrin were tested but there were no differences between the two groups. The relative affinity of the macrophages for diferric transferrin was next studied. Although the hemochromatic macrophages had a somewhat lower affinity for diferric transferrin iron than normal macrophages (Kd 4.7 x 10(-8) M vs. 3.0 x 10(-8)M) the difference did not reach statistical significance (t = 2.01013; P less than 0.07). In a further experiment there was no evidence that apotransferrin was directly involved in the release of iron from hemochromatotic macrophages. A clue to the nature of postendocytotic trans-membrane transport of iron was provided by the finding that it was inhibited by the hydrophobic ferrous chelator 2,2' bipyridine. However, the degree of inhibition was similar in both normal and hemochromatotic macrophages. In summary, none of the metabolic processes examined in the present study was abnormal in cultured human blood monocytes from hemochromatotic subjects.
Prevention of Citrate Intoxication During Exchange Transfusions
Authors: Thomas F. Nealon
Journal: JAMA (1963)

CITRATE INTOXICATION, which can result from the use of large amounts of stored blood containing the anticoagulant, acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) solution, has been shown to be a danger in experimental animals<sup>1-4</sup>and in clinical cases.<sup>5</sup>Infusions of the ACD solution alone into laboratory animals can produce the same untoward effects. The citrate itself, low pH, lack of ionized calcium, excess potassium, and alterations in the potassium: calcium ratio have each been considered the dangerous factor. Foote, Trede, and Maloney<sub>6</sub>successfully used ACD blood to prime heart-lung machines after giving sufficient calcium to the patient to reverse the alterations in the electrocardiogram. Bunker and associates<sup>7</sup>were able to reverse the effects of sodium citrate by the intravenous administration of calcium chloride, but they found that the increase in ionized calcium in the blood could not be predicted on the basis of the amount of calcium administered. When the
Response of livedoid vasculitis to intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: F.E. Ravat, A.V. Evans, R. Russell-Jones
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Livedoid vasculitis is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent painful ulceration of the lower limbs, which heals to leave atrophie blanche surrounded by hyperpigmentation and telangiectasia. We report two patients with livedoid vasculitis who, after failure of conventional therapies, responded to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). There was healing of areas of active ulceration and improvement of erythema, swelling and pain. IVIg has been used successfully to treat a variety of vasculitic disorders and appears to be well tolerated. We suggest that this treatment is offered to patients who have livedoid vasculitis that is unresponsive to other therapies.
An interstitial deletion-insertion involving chromosomes 2p25.3 and Xq27.1, near SOX3, causes X-linked recessive hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Michael R. Bowl, M. Andrew Nesbit, Brian Harding, Elaine Levy, Andrew Jefferson, Emanuela Volpi, Karine Rizzoti, Robin Lovell-Badge, David Schlessinger, Michael P. Whyte, Rajesh V. Thakker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

X-linked recessive hypoparathyroidism, due to parathyroid agenesis, has been mapped to a 906-kb region on Xq27 that contains 3 genes (ATP11C, U7snRNA, and SOX3), and analyses have not revealed mutations. We therefore characterized this region by combined analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms and sequence-tagged sites. This identified a 23- to 25-kb deletion, which did not contain genes. However, DNA fiber-FISH and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed an approximately 340-kb insertion that replaced the deleted fragment. Use of flow-sorted X chromosome-specific libraries and DNA sequence analyses revealed that the telomeric and centromeric breakpoints on X were, respectively, approximately 67 kb downstream of SOX3 and within a repetitive sequence. Use of a monochromosomal somatic cell hybrid panel and metaphase-FISH mapping demonstrated that the insertion originated from 2p25 and contained a segment of the SNTG2 gene that lacked an open reading frame. However, the deletion-insertion [del(X)(q27.1) inv ins (X;2)(q27.1;p25.3)], which represents a novel abnormality causing hypoparathyroidism, could result in a position effect on SOX3 expression. Indeed, SOX3 expression was demonstrated, by in situ hybridization, in the developing parathyroid tissue of mouse embryos between 10.5 and 15.5 days post coitum. Thus, our results indicate a likely new role for SOX3 in the embryonic development of the parathyroid glands.
The State of Health in the United States
Authors: Harvey V. Fineberg
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Improving Patient Safety by Taking Systems Seriously
Authors: Stephen M. Shortell, Sara J. Singer
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Authors: John N. Sheagren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus has persisted and is now resurging as an important hospital and community pathogen.1 In recent data gathered by the Centers for Disease Control, Staph. aureus finished second behind Escherichia coli as a cause of all types of hospital-acquired infections and essentially equaled that organism in causing hospital-acquired bacteremias.2 Although the exact incidence of community-acquired Staph. aureus sepsis is not known, it continues to be the most common cause of serious progressive skin, soft-tissue, and post-traumatic infections in that setting. Staph. aureus is marvelously equipped as a pathogen, containing biochemical machinery that enables it to colonize quickly and invade . . .
Charges of corporate manslaughter in the NHS
Authors: Ash Samanta, Jo Samanta
Journal: BMJ (2006)

May be brought if patients die after clinical negligence 

U ntil now, indictments for manslaughter founded on alleged gross negligence after the death of a patient in the United Kingdom have been brought against doctors rather than hospitals and NHS trusts. A recent groundbreaking legal decision indicates that this may change. A hospital or trust as an organisation could be incriminated in a charge following the death of a patient, and corporate manslaughter, or corporate killing, may emerge as a new threat for the NHS.

In the case in question a 31 year old man admitted to Southampton General Hospital in 2000 for a routine knee operation developed a bacterial infection which two senior house officers failed to diagnose and treat. The patient subsequently died of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. The doctors were convicted of gross negligence manslaughter at the Winchester Crown Court in 2003 and given suspended prison sentences. The NHS trust was prosecuted under section three of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 on an indictment of five charges. In January 2006 the trust pleaded guilty to an amended charge of failing to adequately manage and supervise the doctors.1 In giving judgment, Judge Michael Broderick said that the case would have implications for the whole NHS.1 …
Epigenomic analysis of primary human T cells reveals enhancers associated with TH2 memory cell differentiation and asthma susceptibility
Authors: Grégory Seumois, Lukas Chavez, Anna Gerasimova, Matthias Lienhard, Nada Omran, Lukas Kalinke, Maria Vedanayagam, Asha Purnima V Ganesan, Ashu Chawla, Ratko Djukanović, K Mark Ansel, Bjoern Peters, Anjana Rao, Pandurangan Vijayanand
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)
799-6 I-123 Metaiodobenzylguanidine Scintigraphy for the Prediction of Response to Beta Blocker Treatment in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Michihiro Suwa, Yoshiaki Ohtake, Ayaka Moriguchi, Yuzo Hirota, Keishiro Kawamura, Itaru Adachi, Isamu Narabayashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
GALL BLADDER THROUGH FORAMEN IN LIVER.
Authors: J. C. O'DAY
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Mrs. S. was referred to me by Dr. John Hadley. The diagnosis of gallstones was made and operation was advised. The patient and her friends agreeing, the operation was performed at the Oil City Hospital, Feb. 16, 1905. Entering the peritoneal cavity, the fundus of the gall-bladder was found to be transmitted through a foramen in the liver. The lower margin of the foramen was about one-half inch from the thin edge of the liver, under which edge the gall bladder is usually found. I have never seen nor heard of such a formation before.
Detaining asylum seekers
Authors: M. Salinsky
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The recent hunger strike by asylum seekers detained at Rochester prison has brought to public attention the British government's practice of detaining some of those seeking political asylum. Between 750 and 800 such people are in British prisons or detention centres at any one time. Some remain detained for over a year. This practice is neither humane, nor, in most cases, necessary.

Britain has accepted international obligations to identify and protect refugees who have a genuine fear of persecution “for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.” 1 This necessitates procedures to decide which asylum seekers meet this criteria. Unfortunately, Britain's current procedures involve long delays before decisions are reached, and too often they fail to inspire confidence that the right decision has been made.

The most important consideration for asylum seekers when they arrive in Britain is to know that they have reached a place of safety. They are often …
Hepatology: A Textbook of Liver Disease
Authors: Frank L. Iber
Journal: JAMA (1983)

It is always a pleasure to review a book that will compete with earlier giants in the field that have performed well and are in editions well beyond their first. Hepatology as a field is becoming more distinct because so many new directions require specific information. This creates a need for new writers. This book might be characterized as the West Coast of America book, with many new and excellent authors coming together attempting to do something even better that has been well done in the past. In my judgment, they have produced an excellent product that will be recognized and used. Hepatology bridges imagery, pathology, endoscopy, and clinical biochemistry and immunology in a manner beyond that of any other field. Most of the advances of the past decade have been away from the classic hepatology axis of clinical and biopsy medicine. The thrust of this new book recognizes this,
Abstract 3067: Regulation of PAX2 expression/activity by hypoxia and EGF in breast cancer cells
Authors: Catherine Lacombe, David Beauchemin, Borhane Annabi, Céline Van Themsche
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is associated with the highest mortality rate after lung cancer. The leading cause of deaths associated with this cancer is metastasis, but cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the metastatic ability of breast cancer cells are only partially elucidated. There is direct and indirect evidence suggesting that PAX2, a transcription factor preferentially activated in breast cancer cells of the luminal subtype, could reduce the invasive and metastatic ability of these cells, by downregulating the expression of ERBB2. It is thus primordial to understand the mechanisms regulating the expression and activity of PAX2 in breast cancer cells. Specifically, because hypoxic conditions prevailing in the center of solid primary tumours are known to regulate the expression of many genes controlling invasion and metastasis, we are investigating the impact of hypoxia-mimicking agent cobalt chloride (CoCl2) on PAX2 expression in breast cancer cells. Similarly, because EGF growth factor regulates the expression and/or activity of many genes controlling invasion and metastasis, we are determining the impact of EGF exposure on PAX2 activation and/or gene expression in ER+ MCF-7 cell line. The identification of factors and mechanisms regulating the expression and activity of PAX2 in breast cancer cells will help understand the biology of this emerging factor in breast cancer cells and may provide multiple strategies to control invasion and metastasis of these cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3067. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3067
VopV, an F-Actin-Binding Type III Secretion Effector, Is Required for Vibrio parahaemolyticus-Induced Enterotoxicity
Authors: Hirotaka Hiyoshi, Toshio Kodama, Kazunobu Saito, Kazuyoshi Gotoh, Shigeaki Matsuda, Yukihiro Akeda, Takeshi Honda, Tetsuya Iida
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2011)
Asbestos Exposure and Neoplasia
Authors: Irving J. Selikoff, Jacob Churg, E. Cuyler Hammond
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Building trades insulation workers have relatively light, intermittent, exposure to asbestos. Of 632 insulation workers, who entered the trade before 1943 and were traced through 1962, forty-five died of cancer of the lung or pleura, whereas only 6.6 such deaths were expected. Three of the pleural tumors were mesotheliomas; there was also one peritoneal mesothelioma. Four mesotheliomas in a total of 255 deaths is an exceedingly high incidence for such a rare tumor. In addition, an unexpectedly large number of men died of cancer of the stomach, colon, or rectum (29 compared with 9.4 expected). Other cancers were not increased; 20.5 were expected, 21 occurred. Twelve men died of asbestosis.
Disposable Syringes for Drug Addicts
Authors: W. I. Carter
Journal: BMJ (1966)

distribution presumably within a large tumour mass in the right lobe of the liver.At a second laparotomy a fine catheter was in- serted into the hepatic artery through the gastro- duodenal artery, which was ligated to prevent ,drug toxicity to the duodenum.5-Fluorouracil, 15 mg./kg.per day, in 1 1. of 5% dextrose.was then infused continuously for 24 days.Bile was now flowing freely from the T-tube and her jaundice was fading rapidly.A further cholangiogram showed that almost all the bile ducts had been reopened.The right hepatic duct system appeared nor- mal and dye had also outlined the left duct system, though a small filling defect remained in the main left hepatic duct.This was thought to represent residual tumour.At this stage the catheter blocked and the patient refused any further operation.The T-tube was removed without incident.Now, five and a half months later, she remains well.She is taking cyclophosphamide orally in view of the residual tumour clearly present.-Iam, etc.,
Adrenomedullin reduces mesangial cell number and glomerular inflammation in experimental mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis
Authors: Christian Plank, Andrea Hartner, Bernd Klanke, Bettina Geissler, Markus Porst, Kerstin Amann, Karl F. Hilgers, Wolfgang Rascher, Jörg Datsch
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Clinical Impact of Endoscopic Ultrasonography at a County Hospital
Authors: A. P. Ainsworth, M. B. Mortensen, J. Durup, P. A. Wamberg
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Although endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a well-described examination method, there have been few reports concerning its clinical impact. The aim of this study was to describe EUS as it is performed at a county hospital, with an emphasis on the indications and clinical outcome.Patients examined using EUS between December 1997 and November 2000 were recorded prospectively. Follow-up was conducted by examining each patient's medical records at least 3 months after the investigation. The EUS findings were compared with the patient's final diagnosis, and the decisions made by the referring department on the basis of each investigation were recorded.A total of 344 EUS procedures were performed. In the third year, the distribution of patients relative to the various referral diagnoses was: 78 with suspected benign pancreaticobiliary disease, 33 for staging of known upper gastrointestinal tract malignancy, 15 with suspected mediastinal disease or for staging of lung cancer, 13 with suspected submucosal lesions, and five with unclassified disease. Follow-up was possible in 340 patients (99 %). Compared to the final diagnosis in each patient, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates of EUS were 86 %, 90 %, and 88 %, respectively. The EUS findings made more invasive procedures unnecessary in 199 patients (58 %). EUS led to a switch to less invasive procedures in 61 patients (18 %), and it had no influence on the further management strategy in 80 patients (24 %).EUS has a high level of accuracy and a substantial clinical impact when performed in an unselected population. The estimated numbers of investigations needed appear to justify setting up an EUS center at institutions with a catchment population of 350 000 inhabitants.
Gender-specific Differences in Clinicopathologic Outcomes Following Radical Cystectomy: An International Multi-institutional Study of More Than 8000 Patients
Authors: Luis A. Kluth, Malte Rieken, Evanguelos Xylinas, Matthew Kent, Michael Rink, Morgan Rouprêt, Nasim Sharifi, Asha Jamzadeh, Wassim Kassouf, Dharam Kaushik, Stephen A. Boorjian, Florian Roghmann, Joachim Noldus, Alexandra Masson-Lecomte, Dimitri Vordos, Masaomi Ikeda, Kazumasa Matsumoto, Masayuki Hagiwara, Eiji Kikuchi, Yves Fradet, Jonathan Izawa, Ricardo Rendon, Adrian Fairey, Yair Lotan, Alexander Bachmann, Marc Zerbib, Margit Fisch, Douglas S. Scherr, Andrew Vickers, Shahrokh F. Shariat
Journal: European Urology (2013)