tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-61: <i>Trends in Kidney Cancer.</i>
Authors: Jay Bitkower
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Kidney cancer_one of only four cancer types that have experienced greater than a 2 percent increase in incidence per year_has not had a significant decline in the mortality rate. According to the National Cancer Institute, kidney cancer incidence has been steadily increasing for the last 65 years. Meanwhile, although Federal funding for the disease has increased, it still lags behind the major cancers, especially when analysed with respect to research dollars per mortality. A group of kidney cancer survivors and caregivers formed the organization Action to Cure Kidney Cancer (ACKC) out of concerns about the inadequate government and private funding for kidney cancer research. ACKC's primary mission is to advocate specifically for kidney cancer research, and through our advocacy efforts, ACKC has reached out to thousands of kidney cancer survivors throughout the country. With their support, ACKC has met with members of Congress and local political leaders, has mounted letter writing campaigns, conducted briefings on kidney cancer for both the U.S. Senate and House health aides, and initiated a request by the House Labor, Health and Human Services and Education (LHHSE) sub-committee asking the National Cancer Institute to develop a strategic plan to combat kidney cancer. A another major focus of ACKC's efforts is to convince the U.S. Congress to appropriate kidney cancer research money for the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP) at the Department of Defense. In addition to the organization's efforts at the federal level, ACKC raises funds in order to grant awards to researchers developing innovative studies in the field of kidney cancer. ACKC has enabled grants supporting the work to develop an early screening test for kidney cancer based on methylated genes, to investigate the effects of the activation of a human endogenous retrovirus in the pathogenesis of kidney cancer, and to develop a therapy using a cytotoxic agent that destroys cancer cells based on the principle of synthetic lethality, to name a few. ACKC communicates with its constituency via its website www.ackc.org, Facebook (actiontocurekidneycancer), listservs like ACOR (Association of On-line Cancer Resources), and personal emails. Mr. Bitkower's poster will describe his organization's efforts and accomplishments in increasing research funding for this deadly disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-61. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-61
Transfer of computer-aided diagnosis of dyspepsia from one geographical area to another.
Authors: J C Horrocks, D E Lambert, W A McAdam, A G Morgan, C Pacsoo, A Darnborough, F T De Dombal
Journal: Gut (1976)

This paper reports a comparison in Airedale District General Hospital between computer-aided diagnosis of dyspepsia and endoscopy in a prospective unselected series of 165 patients. Patients were interviewed immediately before endoscopy and the findings analysed by a small desk-top computer-aided system. Each 9new9 patient was compared by the computer with a group of 360 similar patients from Leeds (25 miles away). Overall, 83% of the positive lesions found at endoscopy were correctly predicted by the computer, including all but three of the 22 cases of gastric cancer. It is suggested (1) that there is little loss of accuracy in transferring the computer-aided system from one locality to another; and (2) that a computer-aided analysis of the patient interview may be of value in selecting 9high-risk9 patients for intensive investigation.
ELECTRONEGATIVE LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN INDUCES CARDIOMYOCYTE APOPTOSIS THROUGH A CHEMOKINE-CYTOKINE CROSSTALK MECHANISM
Authors: An-Sheng Lee, Jenny Wang, Hua-Chen Chan, Fang-Yu Chen, Chia-Ming Chang, Chao-yuh Yang, Kuan-Cheng Chang, Chu-Huang Chen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Cost-Effectiveness of Canine Vaccination to Prevent Human Rabies in Rural Tanzania
Authors: Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Katie Hampson, Sarah Cleaveland, Imam Mzimbiri, Felix Lankester, Tiziana Lembo, Lauren A. Meyers, A. David Paltiel, Alison P. Galvani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

The annual mortality rate of human rabies in rural Africa is 3.6 deaths per 100 000 persons. Rabies can be prevented with prompt postexposure prophylaxis, but this is costly and often inaccessible in rural Africa. Because 99% of human exposures occur through rabid dogs, canine vaccination also prevents transmission of rabies to humans.To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of rabies control through annual canine vaccination campaigns in rural sub-Saharan Africa.We model transmission dynamics in dogs and wildlife and assess empirical uncertainty in the biological variables to make probability-based evaluations of cost-effectiveness.Epidemiologic variables from a contact-tracing study and literature and cost data from ongoing vaccination campaigns.Two districts of rural Tanzania: Ngorongoro and Serengeti.10 years.Health policymaker.Vaccination coverage ranging from 0% to 95% in increments of 5%.Life-years for health outcomes and 2010 U.S. dollars for economic outcomes.Annual canine vaccination campaigns were very cost-effective in both districts compared with no canine vaccination. In Serengeti, annual campaigns with as much as 70% coverage were cost-saving.Across a wide range of variable assumptions and levels of societal willingness to pay for life-years, the optimal vaccination coverage for Serengeti was 70%. In Ngorongoro, although optimal coverage depended on willingness to pay, vaccination campaigns were always cost-effective and lifesaving and therefore preferred.Canine vaccination was very cost-effective in both districts, but there was greater uncertainty about the optimal coverage in Ngorongoro.Annual canine rabies vaccination campaigns conferred extraordinary value and dramatically reduced the health burden of rabies.National Institutes of Health.
Nephropathy Due to Polyomavirus Type BK
Authors: Parmjeet S. Randhawa, Anthony J. Demetris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Polyomavirus type BK (BK virus) is a nonenveloped virus with circular, double-stranded DNA that has 70 percent homology with simian virus 40. It was first recognized as a member of the polyomavirus family in 1971, after isolation from the urine of a renal-transplant recipient with ureteral stenosis.1,2 Subsequent studies documented a worldwide rate of seroprevalence in adults of 60 to 80 percent, with first infections usually occurring in childhood by the respiratory route, followed by latency of the virus in the urogenital tract. Among renal-transplant recipients who are receiving immunosuppressive therapy, 10 to 60 percent have reactivation of polyomavirus . . .
Physicians and Patients in the Occupational Setting: The Rules of the Game
Authors: Bernard J. Schuman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

THE WORKPLACE is receiving increasing attention as a proper site for the cost-effective delivery of health care and related health information. With proper planning, more than 105 million working Americans, representing almost as many families, can be reached readily by health professionals. This imposes special responsibilities on the physicians functioning in this environment, with whom many workers share a common employer. It was precisely the credibility gap created by this relationship that, in July 1976, inspired the American Occupational Medical Association (AOMA), to develop and adopt a new Code of Ethical Conduct for Physicians Practicing Occupational Medicine, binding on all members of the AOMA. This was a unique achievement in that it established a second code of ethical conduct for a group of physicians practicing a specialty, many of whom are members of and adhere as well to the Code of Ethics of the American Medical Association. <h3>The 12 Guidelines</h3>
Cellular Antioxidant Levels Influence Muscle Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Lauren Drowley, Masaho Okada, Sarah Beckman, Joseph Vella, Bradley Keller, Kimimasa Tobita, Johnny Huard
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Although cellular transplantation has been shown to promote improvements in cardiac function following injury, poor cell survival following transplantation continues to limit the efficacy of this therapy. We have previously observed that transplantation of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) improves cardiac function in an acute murine model of myocardial infarction to a greater extent than myoblasts. This improved regenerative capacity of MDSCs is linked to their increased level of antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase. In the current study, we demonstrated the pivotal role of antioxidant levels on MDSCs survival and cardiac functional recovery by either reducing the antioxidant levels with diethyl maleate or increasing antioxidant levels with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Both the anti- and pro-oxidant treatments dramatically influenced the survival of the MDSCs in vitro. When NAC-treated MDSCs were transplanted into infarcted myocardium, we observed significantly improved cardiac function, decreased scar tissue formation, and increased numbers of CD31(+) endothelial cell structures, compared to the injection of untreated and diethyl maleate-treated cells. These results indicate that elevating the levels of antioxidants in MDSCs with NAC can significantly influence their tissue regeneration capacity.
Bleeding time prolongation and bleeding during infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in dogs: Potentiation by aspirin and reversal with aprotinin
Authors: Harry D. Garabedian, Herman K. Gold, Robert C. Leinbach, Tracy A. Svizzero, Dianne M. Finkelstein, J.Luis Guerrero, Désiré Collen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Translation of ovalbumin mRNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Characterization of the system and effects of estrogen on injected mRNA populations.
Authors: L Chan, P O Kohler, B W O'Malley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Ovalbumin messenger RNA (mRNAov) purified from hen oviduct was injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes. The oocytes were incubated in culture medium containing [3H]leucine. Analysis of the oocyte cytosol on Sephadex G-15O columns demonstrated a peak of radioactivity which cochromatographed with authentic ovalbumin. Radioactive protein contained in this peak was precipitated by ovalbumin antiserum, coelectrophoresed with ovalbumin on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and urea gels at pH 8.7, and eluted with the protein at the same pH (4.8) on CM-cellulose chromatography. Injection of increasing amounts of mRNAov was found to elicit a linear response in terms of ovalbumin synthesis. Moreover, there was linear incorporation of radioactivity into microinjected oocytes over a minimum period of 91 h. Less than 1 ng mRNAov was detected in this system. Ovalbumin mRNA activity was present in RNA preparations from chicks treated with estrogen but was undetectable in animals withdrawn from the hormone. This study constitutes an initial demonstration of a steroid hormone-induced alteration in mRNA population as assayed in intact viable heterologous cells.
Potassium supplements during treatment of glaucoma with acetazolamide.
Authors: A S Critchlow, S N Freeborn, R A Roddie
Journal: BMJ (1984)

function during prolonged treatment with captopril suggests that some of the renal impairment observed before treatment might be due to a functional disorder.We recommend close monitoring of renal function at the start of treatment with captopril in patients with chronic renal failure and severe arterial hypertension.Anonymous.Captopril: benefits and risks in severe hypertension [Editorial).
Relationship between Environmental Phthalate Exposure and the Intelligence of School-Age Children
Authors: Soo-Churl Cho, Soo-Young Bhang, Yun-Chul Hong, Min-Sup Shin, Boong-Nyun Kim, Jae-Won Kim, Hee-Jung Yoo, In Hee Cho, Hyo-Won Kim
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Concern over phthalates has emerged because of their potential toxicity to humans.We investigated the relationship between the urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and children's intellectual functioning.This study enrolled 667 children at nine elementary schools in five South Korean cities. A cross-sectional examination of urine phthalate concentrations was performed, and scores on neuropsychological tests were obtained from both the children and their mothers.We measured mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate (MEOHP), both metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), a metabolite of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), in urine samples. The geometric mean (ln) concentrations of MEHP, MEOHP, and MBP were 21.3 microg/L [geometric SD (GSD) = 2.2 microg/L; range, 0.5-445.4], 18.0 microg/L (GSD = 2.4; range, 0.07-291.1), and 48.9 microg/L (GSD = 2.2; range, 2.1-1645.5), respectively. After adjusting for demographic and developmental covariates, the Full Scale IQ and Verbal IQ scores were negatively associated with DEHP metabolites but not with DBP metabolites. We also found a significant negative relationship between the urine concentrations of the metabolites of DEHP and DBP and children's vocabulary subscores. After controlling for maternal IQ, a significant inverse relationship between DEHP metabolites and vocabulary subscale score remained. Among boys, we found a negative association between increasing MEHP phthalate concentrations and the sum of DEHP metabolite concentrations and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children vocabulary score; however, among girls, we found no significant association between these variables.Controlling for maternal IQ and other covariates, the results show an inverse relationship between phthalate metabolites and IQ scores; however, given the limitations in cross-sectional epidemiology, prospective studies are needed to fully explore these associations.
c-kit associated with the transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins constitutes a functionally distinct subunit in human hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Naoyuki Anzai, Younghee Lee, Byung-S. Youn, Seiji Fukuda, Young-June Kim, Charlie Mantel, Makoto Akashi, Hal E. Broxmeyer
Journal: Blood (2002)
Cigarette smoking exacerbates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese rats
Authors: Lorenzo Azzalini, Elisabet Ferrer, Leandra N. Ramalho, Montserrat Moreno, Marlene Domínguez, Jordi Colmenero, Víctor I. Peinado, Joan A. Barberà, Vicente Arroyo, Pere Ginès, Joan Caballería, Ramón Bataller
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

The prevalence of cigarette smoking (CS) is increased among obese subjects, who are susceptible to develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the hepatic effects of CS in control and obese rats. Control and obese Zucker rats were divided into smokers and nonsmokers (n = 12 per group). Smoker rats were exposed to 2 cigarettes/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. The effects of CS were assessed by biochemical analysis, hepatic histological examination, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression analysis. Phosphorylation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and quantification of carbonylated proteins were assessed by western blotting. As expected, obese rats showed hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, and histological features of NAFLD. Smoking did not modify the lipidic or glucidic serum profiles. Smoking increased alanine aminotransferase serum levels and the degree of liver injury in obese rats, whereas it only induced minor changes in control rats. Importantly, CS increased the histological severity of NAFLD in obese rats. We also explored the potential mechanisms involved in the deleterious effects of CS. Smoking increased the degree of oxidative stress and hepatocellular apoptosis in obese rats, but not in controls. Similarly, smoking increased the hepatic expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and procollagen-alpha2(I) in obese rats, but not in controls. Finally, smoking regulated ERK and AKT phosphorylation. The deleterious effects of CS were not observed after a short exposure (5 days). Conclusion: CS causes oxidative stress and worsens the severity of NAFLD in obese rats. Further studies should assess whether this finding also occurs in patients with obesity and NAFLD. (Hepatology 2010.)
An analysis of the mechanical capabilities of heart muscle during hypoxia
Authors: A. H. HENDERSON, D. L. BRUTSAERT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

Journal Article An analysis of the mechanical capabilities of heart muscle during hypoxia Get access A. H. HENDERSON, A. H. HENDERSON 1 From the Department of Physiology, University of Antwerp, Belguim 1Reprint requests to: A. H. Henderson, Department of Cardiology, Welsh National School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. L. BRUTSAERT D. L. BRUTSAERT From the Department of Physiology, University of Antwerp, Belguim Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 7, Issue 6, November 1973, Pages 763–776, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/7.6.763 Published: 01 November 1973
NCD Alliance responds to Iona Heath
Authors: J.-C. Mbanya, S. C. Smith, E. Cazap, S. B. Squire
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Congratulations for including perspectives on the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a recent issue of the BMJ , in preparation for September’s high level summit at the United Nations.1 This summit is a rare opportunity to bring together heads of state and governments to shape a global response to one of the most pressing health and development issues of the 21st century.

The NCD Alliance (NCDA) was one of the earliest voices calling for such a summit, and has been central to preparations for this unprecedented event. The alliance comprises four international federations (International Diabetes Federation, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Union for International Cancer Control, and the World Heart Federation), world leaders in the fight against cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes, as well as 900 member associations and 350 …
A National Registry for Healthy Volunteers in Phase 1 Clinical Trials
Authors: David B. Resnik
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5332: Snail transcription factor contributes to prostate cancer tumor progression via reactive oxygen species and Rac1 activation
Authors: Petrina K. Barnett, Veronica Henderson, Rebecca S. Arnold, Roman Mezencev, Kousik Kundu, Tamaro Hudson, Niren Murthy, Leland W K Chung, Majd Zayzafoon, Valerie Odero-Marah
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represses cell adhesion associated genes, making cells more migratory. Snail is the master gene that regulates the EMT process by down regulating tight junction proteins, such as E-cadherin, and up-regulating mesenchymal genes, such as vimentin. Cell migration can also be regulated by the Rho family of GTPases such as Rac1, which can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically superoxide, via the NADPH oxidase (Nox) pathways. ROS, specifically hydrogen peroxide has been shown to mediate EMT induced by MMP-3. The objective of this study is to determine whether Snail Transcription factor contributes to tumor progression via ROS and Rac1 and to study the effect(s) of antioxidants on Snail signaling. We utilized androgen-dependent LNCaP and androgen-independent 22Rv1 and ARCaP cell lines overexpressing Snail to examine Rac1 activity in vitro. ROS (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) levels were examined in vitro and in vivo. Western blot analysis of EMT markers, cell migration on collagen and Real Time PCR Array to assay oxidative stress enzymes was also performed. We found that LNCaP, 22Rv1 and ARCaP cells overexpressing Snail displayed increased Rac1 activity while LNCaP and ARCaP cells with Snail overexpression expressed higher levels of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in vitro. Furthermore, ARCaP cells overexpressing Snail injected into nude mice showed higher tumorigenicity as compared to ARCaP Neo control cells and excised tumors displayed increased levels of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide ex vivo. Real Time PCR Array revealed significant increase in key enzymes involved in oxidative stress such as aldehyde oxidase I and peroxidasin. Treatment with the hydrogen peroxide scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), could partially revert Snail-mediated EMT in ARCaP cells as evidenced by re-expression of E-cadherin after 3 days. The muscadine grape skin extract (MSKE) antioxidant decreased ROS levels and Rac1 activity and reverted Snail-mediated EMT as seen by decreased vimentin, re-induction of E-cadherin, and decreased cell migration. This is the first report of Snail regulation of ROS by regulating oxidative stress enzymes, leading to EMT and tumor progression. We are also showing novel data that Snail can regulate cell motility via Rac1 activation. Therefore, targeting Snail-mediated EMT with antioxidants offers a promising therapy to reduce prostate cancer progression in future. Research supported by NIH Grants: 1P20MD002285 and G12RR03062. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5332. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5332
Janus kinase-2 inhibition induces durable tolerance to alloantigen by human dendritic cell–stimulated T cells yet preserves immunity to recall antigen
Authors: Brian C. Betts, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Shane A. Curran, Erin T. St Angelo, Priya Koppikar, Glenn Heller, Ross L. Levine, James W. Young
Journal: Blood (2011)