tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hank at The Shed
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2004)

I liked Hank Wangford even before I met him. His name, perfect for a country and western singer, suggests deadpan mischief. It's made up, of course. In real life, he is a London doctor. He mentions this on stage but doesn't make a big thing of it.

I liked The Shed before I saw it, too. A tiny venue on the edge of the north Yorkshire moors, its gigs include poetry readings on Radio 4 …
A Psychotherapeutic Correspondence
Authors: E. Stengel
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Freud got to know Arnold Zweig, 30 years his junior and a distinguished German-Jewish novelist, in 1927 when he was 71 and already suffering from cancer of the mouth.Zweig, who had undergone an analysis himself, was an ardent admirer of Freud's, though he often disagreed with him.Freud liked some of Zweig's novels, and found him a pleasant and stimulating man with whom to exchange views about literature and about cultural problems.He must have felt the need for such exchanges all the more as his infirmity greatly limited his social contacts.The period over which this corres- pondence extended was one of political turmoil which drove both men into exile.Zweig emigrated to Palestine where he never felt at home, there being no demand for German novelists
Expression of Transforming Growth Factor (β)3 in Hypertrophic Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
Authors: Patricio E. Ray, Bryan K. McCune, R. Ariel Gomez, Edward J. Ruley, Paul E. Klotman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: The mechanisms responsible for hypertrophy of the juxtaglomerular apparatus are not understood. We present histologic evidence to suggest that transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3),...
Current Pediatric Therapy 1966-1967
Authors: Harrison F. Wood
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<b>Pediatric Therapy,</b>by Harry C. Shirkey, ed 2; 1,223 pp, 353 illus, $18.50, St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Co., 1966. Both these compendia of pediatric therapy aim at covering contemporary treatment methods in general pediatrics and in the major pediatric subspecialties. Because of the many broad areas covered, a number of contributors are represented in each book. However, the points of view and editorial organization of these books contrast sharply. Shirkey's book expresses a more unified organization and practical orientation toward therapy than does<i>Current Pediatric Therapy</i>, in which the editors' activity is not as apparent. The Shirkey quickly supplies answers to practical questions and will be of particular use to medical students and pediatric house officers, whereas the Gellis-Kagan book is more discursive and theoretical in many of its sections and will probably have more appeal to fully trained, more senior pediatricians. Shirkey's book is illustrated with excellent photographs,
Pernicious Anemia In Indians
Authors: Ralph Carmel
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Pernicious anemia requires as its sine qua non the absence of intrinsic factor. Without demonstration of such a defect, either by Schilling test with and without exogenous intrinsic factor or, preferably, by direct assay for intrinsic factor, one can not be certain of the diagnosis. Wintrobe,<sup>1</sup>in listing causes of megaloblastic anemia, mentions 22 categories in addition to addisonian pernicious anemia. Indeed, it is probable that even in the United States the majority of patients with megaloblastic anemia do not have pernicious anemia (though it remains the most common cause of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>deficiency). The coexistence of neurological symptoms and gastric achlorhydria with megaloblastic anemia is very suggestive of the disease, but not diagnostic.<sup>1</sup>It is, for example, conceivable that alcoholic neuropathy, chronic gastritis with achlorhydria, and folic acid deficiency could be the presenting symptoms of a chronic alcoholic, though alcoholism was not a
Methods in Comparative Effectiveness Research
Authors: Katrina Armstrong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Comparative effectiveness research (CER) seeks to assist consumers, clinicians, purchasers, and policy makers to make informed decisions to improve health care at both the individual and population levels. CER includes evidence generation and evidence synthesis. Randomized controlled trials are central to CER because of the lack of selection bias, with the recent development of adaptive and pragmatic trials increasing their relevance to real-world decision making. Observational studies comprise a growing proportion of CER because of their efficiency, generalizability to clinical practice, and ability to examine differences in effectiveness across patient subgroups. Concerns about selection bias in observational studies can be mitigated by measuring potential confounders and analytic approaches, including multivariable regression, propensity score analysis, and instrumental variable analysis. Evidence synthesis methods include systematic reviews and decision models. Systematic reviews are a major component of evidence-based medicine and can be adapted to CER by broadening the types of studies included and examining the full range of benefits and harms of alternative interventions. Decision models are particularly suited to CER, because they make quantitative estimates of expected outcomes based on data from a range of sources. These estimates can be tailored to patient characteristics and can include economic outcomes to assess cost effectiveness. The choice of method for CER is driven by the relative weight placed on concerns about selection bias and generalizability, as well as pragmatic concerns related to data availability and timing. Value of information methods can identify priority areas for investigation and inform research methods.
Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2, A Novel Regulator for Smooth Muscle Phenotypic Modulation and Vascular Remodeling
Authors: Xia Guo, Ning Shi, Xiao-Bing Cui, Jia-Ning Wang, Yoshinori Fukui, Shi-You Chen
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic modulation and vascular remodeling contribute to the development of several vascular disorders such as restenosis after angioplasty, transplant vasculopathy, and atherosclerosis. The mechanisms underlying these processes, however, remain largely unknown.The objective of this study is to determine the role of dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) in SMC phenotypic modulation and vascular remodeling.Platelet-derived growth factor-BB induced DOCK2 expression while modulating SMC phenotype. DOCK2 deficiency diminishes platelet-derived growth factor-BB or serum-induced downregulation of SMC markers. Conversely, DOCK2 overexpression inhibits SMC marker expression in primary cultured SMC. Mechanistically, DOCK2 inhibits myocardin expression, blocks serum response factor nuclear location, attenuates myocardin binding to serum response factor, and thus attenuates myocardin-induced smooth muscle marker promoter activity. Moreover, DOCK2 and Kruppel-like factor 4 cooperatively inhibit myocardin-serum response factor interaction. In a rat carotid artery balloon-injury model, DOCK2 is induced in media layer SMC initially and neointima SMC subsequently after vascular injury. Knockdown of DOCK2 dramatically inhibits the neointima formation by 60%. Most importantly, knockout of DOCK2 in mice markedly blocks ligation-induced intimal hyperplasia while restoring SMC contractile protein expression.Our studies identified DOCK2 as a novel regulator for SMC phenotypic modulation and vascular lesion formation after vascular injury. Therefore, targeting DOCK2 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of vascular remodeling in proliferative vascular diseases.
Alterations of peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in mice with STZ-induced diabetes
Authors: Yu Zhen, Lina Sun, He Liu, Kaizhong Duan, Chun Zeng, Lianjun Zhang, Di Jin, Jianxia Peng, Wenjun Ding, Yong Zhao
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2011)
Penetrating Abdominal Wounds
Authors: Ernest E. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Over the past decade a general consensus has evolved about the indications for celiotomy after civilian penetrating wounds. Stab injuries to the anterior part of the abdomen clearly warrant a selective approach based on physical signs, local wound exploration, and diagnostic peritoneal lavage. Gunshot wounds violating the peritoneum, on the other hand, mandate abdominal exploration. Peritoneal lavage is also valuable for the selective management of lower thoracic penetrating wounds. Back and flank injuries are difficult to assess, and patient care must be individualized with the assistance of retroperitoneal contrast studies. Although the adjunctive role of peritoneal lavage in the evaluation of penetrating wounds has substantially reduced unnecessary celiotomy, the safest policy is to explore the abdomen if any question of visceral injury exists.
A case of variceal bleeding from the jejunum in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Chan Woong Park, Sae Hee Kim, Hyeon Woong Yang, Yun Jung Lee, Sung Hee Jung, Ho Sup Song, Sang Ok Lee, Anna Kim, Sang Woo Cha
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2013)

While esophagogastric varices are common manifestations of portal hypertension, variceal bleeding from the jejunum is a rare complication of liver cirrhosis. In addition, ectopic variceal bleeding occurs in the duodenum and at sites of previous bowel surgery in most cases, including of stomas. We report a case of obscure overt gastrointestinal bleeding from jejunal varices in a 55-year-old woman who had not previously undergone abdominal surgery, who had liver cirrhosis induced by the hepatitis C virus. Emergency endoscopy revealed the presence of esophageal varices without stigmata of recent bleeding, and no bleeding focus was found at colonoscopy. She continued to produce recurrent melena with hematochezia and received up to 21 units of packed red blood cells. CT angiography revealed the presence of jejunal varices, but no active bleeding was found. Capsule endoscopy revealed fresh blood in the jejunum. The patient submitted to embolization of the jejunal varices via the portal vein, after which she had a stable hemoglobin level and no recurrence of the melena. This is a case of variceal bleeding from the jejunum in a liver cirrhosis patient without a prior history of abdominal surgery. Keywords: Jejunal varices; Liver cirrhosis; Portal hypertension
Longitudinal evaluation of the association between pulmonary function and total serum IgE.
Authors: D L Sherrill, M D Lebowitz, M Halonen, R A Barbee, B Burrows
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The role of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the development and course of impaired ventilatory function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) required further study. This role has been examined in the longitudinal Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airways Obstructive Disease, which started in 1972. The association between IgE and longitudinal changes in pulmonary function measures was examined in subjects in the community population sample in Tucson who had an initial age of 35 or more. There were a total of 1,533 such subjects with lung function tests over the 20 yr period who also had IgE determinations. A significant inverse association was found between total serum IgE and FEV1/FVC that was independent of smoking and asthma status. The finding was statistically separate from the relation with age in all but elderly current smokers (age > 55). The magnitude of this effect in nonasthmatic subjects was relatively small. For asthmatic subjects, however, the inverse association was larger in both current and never smokers. Subjects excluded from the current analysis either did not have an IgE measurement and/or had no pulmonary function values after 35 yr of age. These findings suggest that higher IgE levels may indicate the presence of a disease process that may involve inflammation and/or other mechanisms related to IgE production, which impair lung function over time. However, in this study we were not able to account for possible parental or inheritance contributions to increases in total IgE, which have been shown to be important.
The dynamical hypothesis in social cognition
Authors: J. Richard Eiser
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Research in attitudes and social cognition exemplifies van Gelder's distinction between the computational and dynamical approaches. The former emphasizes linear measurement and rational decision-making. The latter considers processes of associative memory and self-organization in attitude formation and social influence. The study of dynamical processes in social cognition has been facilitated by connectionist approaches to computation.
Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) Terminated Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: MENASHE B. WAXMAN, EUGENE DOWNAR, NEIL D. BERMAN, CLARENCE H. FELDERHOF
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Five cases of recurrent, wide QRS complex tachycardia which could be terminated with phenylephrine are presented. These cases fulfilled all accepted criteria for ventricular tachycardia. Carotid sinus massage with and without edrophonium hydrochloride had no effect on the ventricular activity but selectively slowed the atrial rate in cases of atrioventricular (A-V) dissociation, or blocked retrograde conduction in cases of A-V association. The mechanism of action of phenylephrine remains unclear. These cases have many possible implications. Two of the most important are: 1) phenylephrine may be useful in terminating certain cases of ventricular tachycardia; 2) termination of an unknown, regular, wide QRS complex tachycardia by phenylephrine, and possibly other pressors, can no longer be taken as proof of a supraventricular mechanism.
Gonadal Dysgenesis with Male Chromatin Pattern: Testicular Feminization Syndrome
Authors: Frank S. Flor
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Two cases of testicular feminization syndrome in siblings were studied from their clinical, surgical, and pathologic aspects. When the endocrine, pathological, and gynecologic findings were correlated, these cases were found difficult to classify. Primitive  elements did not correspond to any normal stages of development. The authors believe they represent individual examples of a broad spectrum of related intersex disorders. As such, these 2 cases and other similar cases are best designated gonadal dysgenesis. Because of the reported association of  neoplasms, surgical extirpation of  tissue followed by maintenance on small doses of synthetic estrogens was the treatment chosen for these patients.
Pharmacologic induction of weight loss to treat type 2 diabetes.
Authors: J B Redmon, S K Raatz, C A Kwong, J E Swanson, W Thomas, J P Bantle
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Most individuals with type 2 diabetes are overweight, and weight loss for them is an important therapeutic objective. However, usual weight-loss strategies have generally not produced sustained weight loss. Pharmacologic agents to assist weight loss might be useful, but no long-term data on their effectiveness and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes are available. We therefore initiated a 2-year placebo-controlled trial of the weight-loss medications fenfluramine and phentermine in type 2 diabetic subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 44 overweight (&amp;gt; 120% ideal body weight) subjects with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of fenfluramine and phentermine. All subjects received intensive nutrition counseling, an exercise prescription, and instruction in behavior modification. Subjects were randomly assigned to 20 mg fenfluramine three times a day and 37.5 mg phentermine daily (n = 23) or dual placebos (n = 21). Diabetes medications were adjusted as necessary to achieve glycemic goals. Changes in weight, glycemia, lipemia, and blood pressure were assessed every 2 months, as were adverse events. In September 1997, when fenfluramine was withdrawn from the U.S. market, fenfluramine was stopped in all subjects. Thus the length of drug treatment varied, but 16 subjects (8 in each group) reached 12 months of treatment. Only data obtained before the withdrawal of fenfluramine are included in this report. RESULTS: A study termination, diabetes medications had been reduced in 1 subject in the placebo group (5%) and 11 subjects in the drug treatment group (52%) (P = 0.005). Drug treatment resulted in significant reductions in body weight, BMI, and HbA1c at all time points through 6 months. Changes in weight at 6 months were -2.7 +/- 1.4 kg (mean +/- SEM) with placebo treatment and -9.6 +/- 1.5 kg with drug treatment (P = 0.003). Even though more subjects in the drug treatment group required reductions in diabetes medications, at 6 months, changes in HbA1c were -0.3 +/- 0.2% with placebo treatment and -1.6 +/- 0.3% with drug treatment (P = 0.002). Fasting plasma glucose and triglycerides were significantly reduced at some time points with drug treatment. No serious adverse events attributable to study medications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Premature study termination decreased the power of our study at later time points. However, our data suggest that weight loss medications are an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes during active weight loss. Whether the benefit persists after weight loss has stopped remains to be determined.
Megalin and nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA interact with the adaptor protein Disabled-2 in proximal tubule cells
Authors: Kiyoko Hosaka, Tetsuro Takeda, Noriaki Iino, Michihiro Hosojima, Hiroyoshi Sato, Ryohei Kaseda, Keiko Yamamoto, Asako Kobayashi, Fumitake Gejyo, Akihiko Saito
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Vacuum Termination of Pregnancy
Authors: S. M. Sengupta, D. D. Mathews
Journal: BMJ (1971)

disquieting on this point.These classes pro- vide nursery facilities for all young handi- capped children from birth and in the presence of normal children and with simultaneous provision for mothers.Few of a sample of 18 classes felt they had a satis- factory relationship with local authorities and contact appears poorest where there is little or no provision.The need for a meaningful dialogue is urgent.-I am, etc.,
Possible mechanisms of immune modulation in chronic dermatophytoses: an in vitro study
Authors: J.M. McGREGOR, A.J. HAMILTON, R.J. HAY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Possible mechanisms of immune modulation in chronic dermatophytoses: an in vitro study Get access J.M. McGREGOR, J.M. McGREGOR Dunhill Research Laboratories, UMDS (Guy's Campus), St Thomas' Street. London SEl 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.J. HAMILTON, A.J. HAMILTON Dunhill Research Laboratories, UMDS (Guy's Campus), St Thomas' Street. London SEl 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J. HAY R.J. HAY Dunhill Research Laboratories, UMDS (Guy's Campus), St Thomas' Street. London SEl 9RT, U.K. Professor R.J. Hay. Department of Dermatology. Guy's Hospital. St Thomas' Street. London SEl 9RT. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 3, 1 September 1992, Pages 233–238, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00120.x Published: 01 September 1992
Distalward Modification of the Arterial Pulse Wave in Children with Congenital Aortic Stenosis
Authors: RICHARD E. HAWKER, CARLOS A. SEARA, L. JEROME KROVETZ
Journal: Circulation (1974)

In 38 children with congenital aortic stenosis (32 valvar, three subvalvar, and three supravalvar: 28 preoperative, ten postoperative), the left ventricular pressure, left ventricular-to-aortic pressure difference and aortic valve area were compared with several components of the central and peripheral arterial pulse waves. In 23 patients, a catheter-tip manometer was used, and in 15, pressure was measured with a regular manometer system and corrected for artifact by resynthesis of pulse waves after harmonic analysis. The severity of the anomaly was not reflected in the central or peripheral pulse pressure, the first derivative of these pressures, mean aortic pressure, pulse wave velocity, or peripheral amplification of pulse waves or of their individual harmonics. While in adults with aortic stenosis, the various pulse wave characteristics correlate with severity, the change in the pulse wave as it travels down the aorta in children is so modified by vascular factors as to be worthless in assessing the severity of the obstruction.
Persistent asthma after repeated exposure to high concentrations of gases in pulpmills.
Authors: M Chang-Yeung, S Lam, S M Kennedy, A J Frew
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

This is a clinicopathologic study of three subjects with irritant-induced asthma. They were pulpmill workers who had a history of multiple "gassing" episodes that occurred over a period of years. Persistent symptoms of asthma and nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness and/or variable airflow obstruction occurred after at least one episode of "gassing," resulting in symptoms severe enough to require emergency room treatment. One of the three subjects had normal spirometry values before he entered the pulpmill. Bronchial biopsy done on these subjects showed changes compatible with asthma, including thickened basement membrane in two and cellular infiltration with activated eosinophils and mononuclear cells in all three. The results of immunohistology of bronchial mucosal biopsy of these subjects were compared with those of patients with allergic asthma and patients with Western red cedar-induced asthma. Subjects with irritant-induced asthma had a greater density of activated eosinophils and fewer T-lymphocytes, suggesting that cell-mediated immune mechanisms are not involved in the pathogenesis of this condition.
CYSTS OF BARTHOLIN'S GLANDSWITH BRIEF REMARKS ON THE ANATOMY OF THE NORMAL GLAND STRUCTURE.
Authors: THOMAS S. CULLEN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Bartholin's gland was named after Bartholinus, who described it in detail in the seventeenth century. In 1761 Duverney<sup>1</sup>gave in detail the results of further studies of the gland, and pointed out the resemblance between its tissue and that of the prostate gland; he also mentioned the duct of the gland and demonstrated its opening at the vulva. Huguier<sup>2</sup>(1850) published a most extensive and thorough article on diseases of this gland and referred to it as the vulvovaginal gland. In 1892 Müller gave a résumé of the literature of the development of Bartholin's glands. He says that they are first recognized in the fetus when it has attained a length of 4.5 cm. Here they are seen as solid cords passing off from the<i>sinus urogenitalis</i>. Pohlman, who has been giving this subject much study in Professor Mall's laboratory, tells me that the beginning of
Injury-induced innate immune response in human skin mediated by transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor
Authors: O. E. Sorensen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

We found that sterile wounding of human skin induced epidermal expression of the antimicrobial (poly)peptides human β-defensin–3, neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin, and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor through activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. After skin wounding, the receptor was activated by heparin-binding epidermal growth factor that was released by a metalloprotease-dependent mechanism. Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor generated antimicrobial concentrations of human β-defensin–3 and increased the activity of organotypic epidermal cultures against Staphylococcus aureus. These data demonstrate that sterile wounding initiates an innate immune response that increases resistance to overt infection and microbial colonization.