tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Prognostic Significance of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Cancer Clinical Trials
Authors: Carolyn C. Gotay, Crissy T. Kawamoto, Andrew Bottomley, Fabio Efficace
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Purpose Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), routinely collected as a part of cancer clinical trials, have been linked with survival in numerous clinical studies, but a comprehensive critical review has not been reported. This study systematically assessed the impact of PROs on patient survival after a cancer diagnosis within the context of clinical trials. Design Cancer clinical trials that assessed baseline PROs and mortality were identified through MEDLINE (through December 2006) supplemented by the Cochrane database, American Society of Clinical Oncology/European Society for Medical Oncology abstracts and hand searches. Inclusion criteria were publication in English language and use of multivariate analyses of PROs that controlled for one or more clinical factors. Two raters reviewed each study, abstracted data, and assessed study quality; two additional raters verified abstractions. Results In 36 of 39 studies (N = 13,874), at least one PRO was significantly associated with survival (P &lt; .05) in multivariate analysis, with varying effect sizes. Studies of lung (n = 12) and breast cancer (n = 8) were most prevalent. The most commonly assessed PRO was quality of life, measured by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 in 56% of studies. Clinical variables adjusted for included performance status (PS), treatment arm, stage, weight loss, and serum markers. Results indicated that PROs provide distinct prognostic information beyond standard clinical measures in cancer clinical trials. Conclusion PROs might be considered for stratification purposes in future trials, as they were often better predictors of survival than PS. Studies are needed to determine whether interventions that improve PROs also increase survival and to identify explanatory mechanisms through which PROs relate to survival.
Service delivery should be funded centrally
Authors: Bruce Sizer, Philip Murray, Alan Lamont
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Donaldson does a considerable disservice to the work of the multidisciplinary members of radiotherapy departments, including radiographers and physicists, and misleads the more general readership of the BMJ , in implying that these errors are not being actively addressed.1

Following the incident at the Beatson Oncology Centre, Glasgow, every department in the United Kingdom was asked to evaluate its service in the light of the …
DNA-anti-DNA immune complexes. Antibody protection of a discrete DNA fragment from DNase digestion in vitro.
Authors: W Emlen, R Ansari, G Burdick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

We examined the ability of DNase I to digest DNA that was contained with DNA-anti-DNA immune complexes. IgG isolated from the sera of 20 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and containing antibodies to DNA was incubated with double-stranded DNA to form immune complexes. Excess DNase was added, and digestion of DNA was monitored by the conversion of DNA to TCA soluble products. IgG from 8 of the 20 SLE patients protected DNA from degradation by DNase in direct proportion to the amount of DNA bound to IgG as measured in the Farr binding assay. Using IgG from these sera, we showed that the DNA protected from degradation remained bound to IgG during digestion and was 35-45 base pairs in size. The size of this fragment is the same as that which has been proposed to be the minimal size necessary for monogamous bivalent binding of IgG to DNA. We therefore compared the ability of F(ab')2 and Fab' to protect DNA from DNase digestion and demonstrated that the bivalent F(ab')2 fragments were protective, but that the univalent Fab' fragments were not. These results suggest that some antibodies to DNA that bind to DNA via monogamous bivalent binding can protect a 35-45-base pair DNA fragment from DNase digestion. The implications of this finding are discussed with regard to the in vivo behavior and potential pathogenicity of small DNA-anti-DNA immune complexes.
New insights on low-grade and T-cell lymphoma
Authors: William Tse
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2009)

The advances in low-grade lymphoma & T-cell lymphoma from the 2008 ASH meeting were presented.These included therapeutic regimens for low grade lymphoma, frontline bendamustine plus rituximab data, radioimmunotherapy consolidation in advanced disease, idiotype vaccine, and other novel therapeutic agents such as next generation anti-CD20 GA101, syk inhibitor Fostamatinib in treatment of low-grade lymphoma.In T-cell lymphoma, updates were discussed on phase II HOVON 69 trial data of combination of alemtuzumab/CHOP, pralatrexate and romidepsin for relapsed/refractory PTCL, Lasparaginase-containing regimen for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma.
Myiasis in a Traveler: A Moving Story
Authors: Joshua P. Fogelman, Doris J. Day, Robert J. Cohen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters18 March 2003Myiasis in a Traveler: A Moving StoryJoshua P. Fogelman, MD, Doris J. Day, MD, and Robert J. Cohen, MDJoshua P. Fogelman, MDNew York University School of Medicine; New York, NY 10016 (Fogelman, Day, Cohen)Search for more papers by this author, Doris J. Day, MDNew York University School of Medicine; New York, NY 10016 (Fogelman, Day, Cohen)Search for more papers by this author, and Robert J. Cohen, MDNew York University School of Medicine; New York, NY 10016 (Fogelman, Day, Cohen)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-6-200303180-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Case Report: A 22-year-old man presented to the Bellevue Hospital Clinic of the New York University Department of Dermatology with four painful nodules on the gluteal region. The patient first noted these nodules, which had been present for 5 months, during travel through South America. He reported no fever, chills, or other symptoms. One month earlier, in an emergency department, he had received oral cephalexin for bacterial furunculosis, but symptoms and signs were not relieved.On physical examination, four tender, indurated, erythematous nodules measuring approximately 0.5 cm were noted, each with a central punctum draining serosanguinous exudate. ...References1. Arosemena R, Booth SA, Su WP. Cutaneous myiasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;28:254-6. [PMID: 8432924] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Iannini PB, Brandt D, LaForce M. Furuncular myiasis. JAMA. 1975;233:1375-6. [PMID: 1174211] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Hubler WR, Rudolph AH, Dougherty EF. Dermal myiasis. Arch Dermatol. 1974;110:109-10. [PMID: 4417636] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Kenney RL, Baker FJ. Botfly (Dermatobia hominis) myiasis. Int J Dermatol. 1984;23:676-7. [PMID: 6526562] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Gordon PM, Hepburn NC, Williams AE, Bunney MH. Cutaneous myiasis due to Dermatobia hominis: a report of six cases. Br J Dermatol. 1995;132:811-4. [PMID: 7772491] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Joshua P. Fogelman, MD; Doris J. Day, MD; Robert J. Cohen, MDAffiliations: New York University School of Medicine; New York, NY 10016 (Fogelman, Day, Cohen) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGlobal output of research on epidermal parasitic skin diseases from 1967 to 2017Human Infection with Schineria larvae 18 March 2003Volume 138, Issue 6Page: 521-522KeywordsAntibioticsHospitalsHypoxiaLesionsLeukocytosisOintmentsParasitic diseasesPruritusResearch laboratoriesSigns and symptoms ePublished: 18 March 2003 Issue Published: 18 March 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
National Study of Women’s Awareness, Preventive Action, and Barriers to Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Lori Mosca, Heidi Mochari, Allison Christian, Kathy Berra, Kathryn Taubert, Thomas Mills, Keisha Arrowood Burdick, Susan Lee Simpson
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— There is growing awareness of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as the leading cause of death in women, but whether this greater awareness is associated with increased action by women to lower their personal or family’s risk is unknown. Methods and Results— A nationally representative sample of 1008 women selected through random-digit dialing were given a standardized questionnaire about history of CVD/risk factors, awareness of leading cause of death, knowledge of healthy and personal levels of CVD risk factors, self-reported actions taken to reduce risk, and barriers to heart health. The rate of awareness of CVD as the leading cause of death has nearly doubled since 1997 (55% versus 30%) was significantly greater for whites compared with blacks and Hispanics (62% versus 38% and 34%, respectively) and was independently correlated with increased physical activity (odds ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.83) and weight loss (odds ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.14 to 2.02) in the previous year in logistic regression models. Fewer than half of the respondents were aware of healthy levels of risk factors. Awareness that personal level was not healthy was positively associated with action. Most women took steps to lower risk in family members and themselves. The most frequently cited barriers for heart health were confusion in the media (49%), the belief that health is determined by a higher power (44%), and caretaking responsibilities (36%). Conclusions— General awareness of CVD risk among women is associated with preventive action. Educational interventions need to be targeted at racial/ethnic minority women.
Naevus lipomatosus superficialis: a case report with a 2p24 deletion
Authors: N. Cardot-Leccia, A. Italiano, M.C. Monteil, E. Basc, C. Perrin, F. Pedeutour
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Naevus lipomatosus superficialis: a case report with a 2p24 deletion Get access N. Cardot‐Leccia, N. Cardot‐Leccia Department of Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, 20 avenue de la Voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France *Laboratory of Solid Tumour Genetics, University Hospital and CNRS UMR 6543, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France †Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint‐Roch Hospital, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Italiano, A. Italiano Department of Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, 20 avenue de la Voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France *Laboratory of Solid Tumour Genetics, University Hospital and CNRS UMR 6543, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France †Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint‐Roch Hospital, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.C. Monteil, M.C. Monteil Department of Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, 20 avenue de la Voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France *Laboratory of Solid Tumour Genetics, University Hospital and CNRS UMR 6543, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France †Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint‐Roch Hospital, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Basc, E. Basc Department of Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, 20 avenue de la Voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France *Laboratory of Solid Tumour Genetics, University Hospital and CNRS UMR 6543, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France †Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint‐Roch Hospital, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Perrin, C. Perrin Department of Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, 20 avenue de la Voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France *Laboratory of Solid Tumour Genetics, University Hospital and CNRS UMR 6543, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France †Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint‐Roch Hospital, Nice, France Correspondence: Christophe Perrin. E‐mail: xst.perrin@wanadoo.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Pedeutour F. Pedeutour Department of Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, 20 avenue de la Voie Romaine, 06002 Nice, France *Laboratory of Solid Tumour Genetics, University Hospital and CNRS UMR 6543, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France †Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint‐Roch Hospital, Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 2, 1 February 2007, Pages 380–381, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07622.x Published: 01 February 2007
Abstract 1874: Impact of vitamin D and calcium on PGE2 metabolism in colorectal cancer
Authors: Thomas Nittke, Henrik C. Horváth, Giovanna Bises, Theresia Thalhammer, Enikoe Kállay
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Aberrant expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), the enzyme responsible for synthesizing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), is one of the early events in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Repression of COX2 results in the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis which can delay colon tumorigenesis. It has been shown previously that in cancer cells 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) downregulates the expression of COX2 and increasing that of the PGE2 catabolizing enzyme 15-prostaglandin-dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). Due to the differentiation-promoting, pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects calcium and 1,25D3 have become factors of great interest for the chemoprevention of CRC. In order to study the effect of calcium on the PGE2 pathway, we treated the colon cancer cell line Caco-2 with low calcium (0.025 mM) for 48 hours. This led to an increase in COX2 expression while decreasing that of 15-PGDH. Similar effect was seen in vivo: in mice low calcium (0.04%) diet elevated COX2 expression in the colon when compared with the control diet (0.5%). Interestingly, expression of the vitamin D catabolizing enzyme, CYP24A1 was also augmented, in parallel with an increase of crypt cell proliferation. However, expression of the 1,25D3 synthesizing CYP27B1 was not affected. These results suggested that low dietary calcium might reduce 1,25D3 levels in the colon, thereby lowering the impact of 1,25D3 on the COX2-PGE2 pathway. To investigate whether this expression profile is prevalent also in the human colon, we screened over 200 tissue specimens from CRC patients by QRT-PCR. In colon tumors, the mRNA ratio of 15-PGDH and COX2 was significantly downregulated (p&amp;lt;0.0001). This unbalance implicates an elevated PGE2 production. In these tumor samples the CYP24A1/CYP27B1 mRNA ratio was also significantly increased (p&amp;lt;0.05) as compared with the adjacent mucosa. Additionally, CYP24A1 staining confirmed elevated levels of the enzyme in adenocarcinomas. Thus, in these colorectal tumors local 1,25D3 levels were most probably insufficient to inhibit PGE2 accumulation due to high CYP24A1 expression. Low dietary calcium is a promoter of CYP24A1 expression. Our data represent one of the possible molecular mechanisms for the synergistic action of calcium and vitamin D levels in CRC chemoprevention. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1874.
Abstract B4: MicroRNAs differentially expressed in preoperative human serum of ovarian cancer
Authors: Angel Chao, Tzu Hao Wang, Hua-Chien Chen, Shu-Jen Chen, Chyong-Huey Lai
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important regulatory roles in many biological processes and tumorigenesis. To investigate the roles of serum miRNAs in patients before tumor bulk was surgically removed from ovarian cancer patients, we utilized miRNA real-time QPCR profiling technology to characterize the miRNAs in pre-operative and postoperative sera. Six pairs of sera were analyzed using 270 miRNA SyberGreen probes. Upregulation of miR187, miR499-3p, miR548c-5p, miR1, miR107, miR125a-5p, miR18b were identified in the preoperative sera. Targetscan was utilized to identify Dab2 as the target gene of miR187. In vitro studies of SKOV3 cells showed that ectopic expression of miR187 suppressed Dab2 and resulted in increased cell proliferation. We concluded that miR187 may be a potential biomarker in sera of ovarian cancer patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate our results. Citation Format: Angel Chao, Tzu Hao Wang, Hua-Chien Chen, Shu-Jen Chen, Chyong-Huey Lai. MicroRNAs differentially expressed in preoperative human serum of ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B4.
Calcium Release and Calcium-Activated Chloride Channels in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: MICHAEL I. KOTLIKOFF, YONG-XIAO WANG
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Rapid progress has been made in the determination of specific ion channels expressed in airway smooth muscle cells and their role in excitation-contraction coupling. The combination of molecular biology and molecular physiology has provided insight into the properties of voltage-dependent cation (calcium and potassium) channels and their regulation by excitatory and inhibitory signaling processes. In this brief review, we will focus on calcium release and calcium-activated chloride channels. The former channels mediate receptor-activated calcium release, and the latter channels are opened following this release event. Moreover, the discovery of spontaneous calcium release events, or "calcium sparks," in smooth muscle, suggests an unanticipated level of regulation. Intracellular calcium release can drive electrical activity by the activation of calcium-dependent sarcolemmal ion channels, including calcium-activated chloride channels. These channels activate briefly but undergo a rapid phosphorylation by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, which uncouples channel activity from cytosolic calcium. The coupling between intracellular calcium release and depolarizing chloride currents represents a potentially important signaling system in airway smooth muscle.
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin discontinuation followed by hepatitis B virus vaccination: A new strategy in the prophylaxis of hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation
Authors: Alberto Sánchez-Fueyo, Antoni Rimola, Luis Grande, Josep Costa, Antoni Mas, Miguel Navasa, Isabel Cirera, Jose Maria Sánchez-Tapias, Juan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

It is widely agreed that hepatitis B virus immunoglobulin (HBIG) should be administered for at least 12 months to patients transplanted for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related diseases to prevent HBV recurrence. No data are available, however, on how long this treatment should be used, and most centers currently administer HBIG on a life-long basis. Herein, we report the results of a new prophylactic strategy aiming at the discontinuation of HBIG treatment and consisting of the administration of double dose recombinant HBV vaccine (0, 1-, and 6-month schedule) to liver transplant recipients fulfilling the following criteria: (1) liver transplantation for conditions related to nonreplicative HBV infection (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] positive, hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg] negative, and HBV DNA negative); (2) at least 18 months of HBIG administration; and (3) no HBV infection recurrence, normal or slightly altered liver graft function, and low-grade immunosuppression at the time of vaccination. Seventeen patients received HBV vaccination and 14 of them (82%) developed protective serum titers of anti-HBs (&gt;10 IU/L). Six patients seroconverted after a first course of vaccination, whereas 8 patients required a second course (3 additional doses of vaccine). Responding patients were followed for a median of 14 months (range, 3-50) after seroconversion. During this period no HBV recurrence occurred and in only 2 patients a decrease of anti-HBs titers below 10 UI/L was observed. Our data suggest that in selected liver transplant recipients, posttransplantation HBV vaccination may be a useful and cost-effective strategy in the prophylaxis of HBV recurrence, allowing the discontinuation of life-long HBIG treatment.
The study of the association of the p35 rs17852832 SNP polymorphism with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lili Shi, Yihua Qian, Xiaodan Hu, Hua Han, Yong Liu
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may be caused by multiple factors, including genetics, age, environment etc. At present, AD associated genes are: gene App, ps1, ps2 and apoE. However, these associated genes account mainly for the abnormal increase and accumulation of Ab, rather than the molecular genetic mechanism for the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal loss. P35 is a neuron specific regulative unit of CDK5. p35 gene contain several SNPs, and at some SNPs sites, the change of as ingle base results in the corresponding change of P35 amino acids. Cleavage of P35 into P25 greatly increases the kinase activity of CDK5, which in turn abnormally phosphorylates tauprotein, and then contributes to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. What we are interested in is whether the polymorphism of the P35 gene was involved in the pathogenesis of AD. There are few research reports about the relationship of the P35 gene polymorphism with AD. Methods
Benchmarking the US physician workforce. An alternative to needs-based or demand-based planning
Authors: D. C. Goodman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To propose population-based benchmarking as an alternative to needs- or demand-based planning for estimating a reasonably sized, clinically active physician workforce for the United States and its regional health care markets.Cross-sectional analysis of 1993 American Medical Association and American Osteopathic Association physician masterfiles.The resident population of the 306 hospital referral regions in the United States.Per capita number of clinically active physicians by specialty adjusted for age and sex population differences and out-of-region health care utilization. The measured physician workforce was compared with 4 benchmarks: the staffing within a large (2.4 million members) health maintenance organization (HMO), a hospital referral region dominated by managed care (Minneapolis, Minn), a hospital referral region dominated by fee-for-service (Wichita, Kan), and the proposed "balanced" physician supply (50% generalists).The proportion of the US population residing in hospital referral regions with a higher per capita generalist workforce than the benchmark was 96% for the HMO benchmark, 60% for Wichita, and 27% for Minneapolis. The specialist workforce exceeded all 3 benchmarks for 74% of the population. The per capita workforce of generalists was not related to the proportion of generalists among regions (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.06; P=.26).Population-based benchmarking offers practical advantages to needs- or demand-based planning for estimating a reasonably sized per capita workforce of clinically active physicians. The physician workforce within the benchmarks of an HMO and health care markets indicates the varying opportunities for regional physician employment and services. The ratio of generalists to specialists does not measure the adequacy of the supply of the generalist workforce either nationally or for specific regions. Research measuring the relationship between physician workforces of different sizes and population outcomes will guide the selection of future regional benchmarks.
A whole-genome sequencing approach to targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak management
Authors: Timothy Walker, Camilla L Ip, Ruth H Harrell, Jason T Evans, Georgia Kapatai, Martin J Dedicoat, David W Eyre, Daniel J Wilson, Peter M Hawkey, Derrick W Crook, Julian Parkhill, David Harris, Ann Sarah Walker, Rory Bowden, Philip Monk, E Grace Smith, Tim E Peto
Journal: The Lancet (2012)