tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and related vascular diseases in southwestern arseniasis-endemic and nonendemic areas in Taiwan.
Authors: Shu-Li Wang, Jeng-Min Chiou, Chien-Jen Chen, Chin-Hsiao Tseng, Wei-Ling Chou, Cheng-Chung Wang, Trong-Neng Wu, Louis W Chang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

There is evidence indicating that ingestion of arsenic may predispose the development of diabetes mellitus in arsenic-endemic areas in Taiwan. However, the prevalence of diabetes and related vascular diseases in the entire southwestern arseniasis-endemic and nonendemic areas remains to be elucidated. We used the National Health Insurance Database for 1999-2000 to derive the prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes and related vascular diseases by age and sex among residents in southwestern arseniasis-endemic and nonendemic areas in Taiwan. The study included 66,667 residents living in endemic areas and 639,667 in nonendemic areas, all greater than or equal to 25 years of age. The status of diabetes and vascular diseases was ascertained through disease diagnosis and treatment prescription included in the reimbursement claims of clinics and hospitals. The prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes, age- and gender-adjusted to the general population in Taiwan, was 7.5% (95% confidence interval, 7.4-7.7%) in the arseniasis-endemic areas and 3.5% (3.5-3.6%) in the nonendemic areas. Among both diabetics and nondiabetics, higher prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular diseases was observed in arseniasis-endemic than in the nonendemic areas. Age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of microvascular disease in endemic and nonendemic areas was 20.0% and 6.0%, respectively, for diabetics, and 8.6% and 1.0%, respectively, for nondiabetics. The corresponding prevalence of macrovascular disease was 25.3% and 13.7% for diabetics, and 12.3% and 5.5% for nondiabetics. Arsenic has been suggested to increase the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and its related micro- and macrovascular diseases.
Phosphates and Hypercalcemia
Authors: Bent Halver
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their short review of the treatment of hypercalcemia, Newmark and Himathongkam (230: 1438, 1974) recommend the intravenous administration of inorganic phosphate. The risk of ectopic calcification as a consequence of the treatment was only touched on, not warned against. In several articles, serious side effects have been described.<sup>1-5</sup>Goldsmith and Ingbar,<sup>6</sup>proponents of phosphate therapy, made autopsy observations of ectopic calcifications in five of seven phosphate-treated patients. In a later report they recommended avoidance of this therapy in patients with increased serum phosphate concentration and decreased kidney function.<sup>7</sup>Tubular calcification as a consequence of phosphate infusions in hypercalcemic patients leading to decreased glomerular filtration rate is to be considered an extremely serious and sometimes fatal complication. Bernheim and Vischer<sup>1</sup>observed an increase of serum creatinine concentration, from 8 to 116 mg/liter, in a patient with estrogen-induced hypercalcemia treated with a 100-millimol phosphate
Recent Progress in the Management of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: J. A. Garcia, B. I. Rini
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2007)

A better understanding of the molecular biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has led to a dramatic paradigm shift in the treatment of patients with metastatic disease. Historically, a nonspecific immune approach using cytokines was employed, but recently this has transitioned to a molecularly-targeted approach against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and related pathways. Several anti-VEGF agents, including ligand-binding agents such as bevacizumab and the small molecule inhibitors of VEGF and related receptors such as sunitinib and sorafenib, have demonstrated clinical activity in patients with metastatic RCC. Other agents that inhibit alternative targets such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have also demonstrated activity. This generation of novel molecular targeted therapies continues to show great promise. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current management and to discuss potential future directions in the management of metastatic RCC.
<i>Para</i> to <i>Ortho</i> Repositioning of the Arsenical Moiety of the Angiogenesis Inhibitor 4-(<i>N</i>-(<i>S</i>-Glutathionylacetyl)Amino)Phenylarsenoxide Results in a Markedly Increased Cellular Accumulation and Antiproliferative Activity
Authors: Pierre J. Dilda, Stephanie Decollogne, Michael Rossiter-Thornton, Philip J. Hogg
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

The synthetic tripeptide arsenical 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino)p-phenylarsenoxide (p-GSAO) is an angiogenesis inhibitor that inactivates mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) by cross-linking a pair of matrix-facing cysteine residues. This causes an increase in superoxide levels and proliferation arrest of endothelial cells followed by mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis. p-GSAO induces proliferation arrest in endothelial cells and is a selective inhibitor of endothelial cells compared with tumor cells. An analogue of p-GSAO has been made in which the arsenical moiety is at the ortho instead of the para position on the phenyl ring. o-GSAO, like p-GSAO, bound to ANT in a dithiol-dependent manner but was approximately 8-fold more efficient than p-GSAO at triggering the mitochondria permeability transition in isolated mitochondria. o-GSAO was an approximately 50-fold more potent inhibitor of endothelial and tumor cell proliferation than p-GSAO. The mechanism of this effect was a consequence of approximately 300-fold faster rate of accumulation of o-GSAO in the cells, which is due, at least in part, to impaired export by the multidrug resistance-associated protein 1. Administration of o-GSAO to tumor-bearing mice delayed tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis but there were side effects not observed with p-GSAO administration.
Management of Stable Coronary Disease — Polling Results
Authors: Susan Cheng, John Jarcho
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

In late October, we presented the case of a patient with stable coronary artery disease in Clinical Decisions,1 an interactive feature designed to assess how readers would manage a clinical problem for which there may be more than one appropriate treatment. Our patient was a 65-year-old man with hypertension, obesity, and type 2 diabetes who presented with a 2-week history of exertional angina. He underwent an exercise-tolerance test on a treadmill, along with myocardial perfusion imaging, which showed a fixed anterior defect and a reversible anterolateral defect, both of moderate size. His subsequent cardiac catheterization revealed an occluded first diagonal . . .
Scholarship in General Internal Medicine
Authors: DONALD E. GIRARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1985Scholarship in General Internal MedicineDONALD E. GIRARD, M.D.DONALD E. GIRARD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-955 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Friedman and Pozen (1) and the editorial comment by Karpf and Levey (2) raise concerns about the viability of the academic general internist. All agree that these individuals have succeeded as teachers and practitioners, filling an important void in the modern-day health sciences center. The authors point out, however, that the generalists' lack of productivity as traditional scholars has left them ineligible for academic advancement, the prerequisite for academic longevity. Unfortunately, the solutions discussed can be distilled into only two: replacement or retraining. We offer a third, which has proved successful for our section...References1. FRIEDMANPOZEN RJ. The academic viability of general internal medicine: the views of department of medicine chairmen. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:839-44. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KARPFLEVEY MG. Divisions of general internal medicine: accomplishments and needs. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:456-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DONALD E. GIRARD, M.D.Affiliations: The Oregon Health Sciences University Portland, OR 97201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1985Volume 103, Issue 6_Part_1Page: 955-956KeywordsAcademic medicine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Indian Rock Art
Authors: Klaus F. Wellmann
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Aldona Jonaitis' comments (240:736, 1978) on my article "North American Indian Rock Art and Hallucinogenic Drugs" (239:1524, 1978) are appreciated. I trust that my deliberations—which by necessity were confined to an examination of a possible relationship between the rock art of two specific areas and plant-derived hallucinogens—did not create the impression that I consider these beautiful paintings "mere representations of hallucinations." I fully agree with Dr Jonaitis that each work of art can be examined and understood only within the framework of the culture that produced it. In fact, I attempted to do just that in my article. Can it be denied that in both the Chumash and the lower Pecos River region hallucinogens firmly belong to the cultural context in which the aboriginal artists found themselves? To unilaterally exclude any of the established cultural traits, in this case "the existence of rituals using drugs," from
Emotional Distress and Occupational Burnout in Health Care Professionals Serving HIV-Infected Patients: A Comparison with Oncology and Internal Medicine Services
Authors: J. López-Castillo, M. Gurpegui, J.L. Ayuso-Mateos, J.D. Luna, J. Catalan
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The present paper examines the levels of emotional distress and professional burnout among health care professionals working with HIV patients in two different settings, Infectious Disease (ID) Units and a Haemophilia (H) Unit, and compares them with those of professionals working in Oncology (O) or General Internal Medicine (IM) Units, all at public hospitals. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Cross-sectional anonymous survey assessing their psychological condition, occupational stress, work and social adjustment, and providing information about stressors, supports and coping methods, using the General Health Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Modified Social Adjustment Scale, and other self-administered instruments. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Perceived stress was higher in both O and IM, and the number of stressful circumstances was especially higher in O. No significant differences in psychological morbidity were found among the groups, with these exceptions: a better status among the H staff, who also showed less overall burnout; emotional exhaustion was lower in both ID and H than in the two other groups; the ID staff showed less personal accomplishment. Using a multiple regression model, a series of variables – including work adjustment, social/leisure adjustment, and having chosen to work in their position – was able to predict outcome. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Our results highlight the presence of substantial levels of emotional distress and work-related difficulties in a significant number of health care workers. The mental health services could play an important role in conducting further research in this field and in providing practical help to deal with staff’s difficulties.
Clinical Evaluation of Practolol, a New Cardioselective Beta-blocking Agent in Angina Pectoris
Authors: G. Sandler, G. A. Clayton
Journal: BMJ (1970)

In a controlled double-blind study practolol, a new cardioselective beta-blocking drug, was given to 15 patients with angina pectoris, and compared with propranolol 80 mg. q.d.s. The dose of practolol ranged from 200 to 600 mg.b.d. and was decided by initial open titration in individual patients. Though practolol did not influence the incidence of angina or glyceryl trinitrate consumption, it increased the duration of exercise possible in exercise tests and reduced the amount of ischaemic S—T depression in the radiocardiogram during exercise. Propranolol reduced the incidence of angina and, in the exercise tests, increased the amount and duration of exercise but did not affect the degree of S—T depression. Unlike propranolol, practolol did not produce any adverse effects on bronchial smooth muscle. Hence it is concluded that practolol is an effective drug in treating angina, and in the dosage used is of potential value in patients with asthmatic bronchitis and angina. It should, however, be used cautiously in anginal patients with heart failure.
Driving and Alzheimer disease
Authors: J. A. Mattes
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —In the article by Dr Fitten and colleagues1regarding Alzheimer disease and driving, do the authors have data on what type of crashes and moving violations these patients were involved in? My impression is that many Alzheimer patients can drive reasonably well if their spouse is in the car giving necessary directions and advice. In an effort to allow patients to drive as long as possible (especially if only one member of an elderly couple drives and that person develops Alzheimer disease), it might be reasonable to evaluate driving ability of the two as a pair, with the spouse assisting the patient as he or she normally does.
Four-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Flow Analysis Clarifies Paradoxical Symptoms in a Patient With Aortic Bypass and Retrograde Flow Mimicking Subclavian Steal
Authors: S. Gupta, A.R. Popescu, R.A. De Freitas, D. Thakrar, J. Puthumana, J. Carr, M. Markl
Journal: Circulation (2012)
TCT-384 The Coronary Sinus Reducer – a Device Based Therapy for Refractory Angina; Interim Safety Results of the ongoing COSIRA clinical Trial and efficacy results of the CS Reducer Registry
Authors: Shmuel Banai, Marc Jolicoeur, Jean-François Tanguay, Elazer Edelman, Stefan Verheye
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Palmar Fasciitis and Polyarthritis Associated with Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: THOMAS A. MEDSGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Six postmenopausal women (ages 50 to 65 years) developed palmar fasciitis and polyarthritis associated with a malignant ovarian tumor. Rheumatic signs preceded the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the ovary by 5 to 25 months. All had bilateral pain and limitation of motion of the shoulders and hands as well as prominent palmar fasciitis and polyarthritis. Arthritis of the elbows, wrists, knees, ankles, and feet was also common. Two patients had carpal tunnel syndrome. Nonresectable tumor with ascites and peritoneal metastatic seeding was found in all patients. Endometrioid carcinoma, poor tumor differentiation, and unusually severe stromal proliferation of fibrous tissue were seen. There was no consistent improvement of the musculoskeletal syndrome after corticosteroid treatment or chemotherapy. All patients died 2 to 17 months after diagnosis of the neoplasm.
Body-Surface QRST Integral Mapping
Authors: Heidi A.P. Peeters, Arne SippensGroenewegen, Bas A. Schoonderwoerd, Eric F.D. Wever, Cornelis A. Grimbergen, Richard N.W. Hauer, Etienne O. Robles de Medina
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Ventricular tachycardia originating in the right ventricle may arise in the presence or absence of structural heart disease. The two main causes of right ventricular tachycardia are arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) and idiopathic right ventricular tachycardia (IRVT) originating from the outflow tract. This study was carried out to determine whether body-surface QRST integral mapping can differentiate patients with ARVD from patients with IRVT. Methods and Results Body-surface QRST integral maps were obtained during sinus rhythm in 8 patients with ARVD, 8 patients with IRVT, and 27 healthy control subjects. QRST integral maps were analyzed both visually and mathematically. All control subjects had a normal dipolar QRST integral map. In all patients with ARVD, a specific dipolar QRST integral map with an abnormally large negative area covering the entire inferior and right anterior thorax was recorded. In 6 of 8 patients with IRVT, a normal map pattern was found, whereas the remaining 2 patients showed an abnormally large negative area on the right anterior thorax. Conclusions Patients with ARVD display a specific abnormal QRST integral map that may be related to delayed repolarization in the structurally abnormal right ventricle. The majority of patients with IRVT demonstrate a normal QRST integral map. A slightly abnormal QRST integral map was noted in 2 of 8 patients with IRVT, which may be related to minor structural abnormalities, undetectable by the present routine diagnostic techniques. These preliminary results indicate that body-surface QRST integral mapping may become an important diagnostic tool to differentiate patients with ARVD from those with IRVT.
Abortion: Between Freedom and Necessity, by
Authors: S. W. Derbyshire
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Janet Hadley: Temple University Press, £16.99, pp 250 ISBN 1 56639 506 2

This book documents the rise and current fall of extreme antiabortion activity in the United States. Organisations such as “Operation Rescue,” which thought it acceptable to shoot at doctors working in abortion clinics, repelled moderate antiabortion activists and voters. The Republican party, which had courted antiabortion votes, lost the election.

Hadley rightly comments, however, that this is no cause for celebration or complacency from those who support abortion. Clinton may be vaguely “pro-choice,” but he has done little to prevent antiabortionists from chipping away at abortion legislation, “virtually eliminating abortion …
Abstract LB-247: Regulation signatures consistently detect activity of EGFR pathway in different cell lines
Authors: Zoltan Dezso, Craig Webb, Jeremy Miller, David Cherba, Andrej Bugrim
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In this work we introduce a concept of “regulation signatures” which aims to overcome shortcomings of existing methods of molecular diagnostics. In this approach we utilize our recently developed methodology for identifying key regulatory proteins in biological networks. The procedure works by combining high-throughput molecular data from individual biological samples with the knowledge-base on the global network of protein interactions. The algorithm performs scoring of signaling proteins in the global network to identify those that most likely represent key regulators responsible for observed downstream changes in gene and protein expression. Using these scores we construct “regulation signatures” - sets of proteins that characterize core cell signaling activity associated with a condition of interest. In the present study we illustrate this approach by building a signature for the EGFR pathway activation using gene-expression profiles from different cell lines stimulated with EGF. We demonstrate that our algorithm consistently predicts activity of the EGFR pathway despite significant variation in gene expression profiles across different samples. We also illustrate that this signature can detect signaling patterns associated with constitutive RAS activity. We discuss how regulation signatures could be applied to develop more accurate, robust and mechanistically relevant methods for predicting drug sensitivity, disease progression, and other clinical end-points. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-247.
Ozone exposure and its influence on the worsening of childhood asthma
Authors: S. I. V. Sousa, M. C. M. Alvim‐Ferraz, F. G. Martins, M. C. Pereira
Journal: Allergy (2009)

It is well documented that high levels of many airborne pollutants can adversely affect many systems of the human body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the specific impact of ozone (O(3)) on the worsening of childhood asthma, comparing children living at regions with high and low O(3) concentrations (reference site) without the confounding effects of other pollutants.Pollutant concentrations were monitored and data concerning asthma prevalence were collected through a questionnaire. The studied population consisted of 478 children aged 6-13 years old enrolled in four schools of the municipalities where monitoring was performed. Remote sites were identified with very low concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and volatile organic compounds and high concentrations of O(3).The prevalence of wheeze for lifetime period and in the past year was 15.9% and 6.3%, respectively. Asthmatic children were identified when dyspnoea and wheezing were simultaneously mentioned in the absence of upper respiratory infections; according to that, the lifetime prevalence of asthmatic symptoms at the remote sites was 7.1%. The comparison with other previous studies was difficult because the criteria for analysis are not conveniently established.The prevalence of childhood asthmatic symptoms was about 4% higher at the high O(3) site than at the low O(3) site.
Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction from Metastatic Breast Carcinoma
Authors: MARIA J. MERINO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1980Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction from Metastatic Breast CarcinomaMARIA J. MERINO, M.D., VIRGINIA A. LIVOLSI, M.D.MARIA J. MERINO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, VIRGINIA A. LIVOLSI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-5-716_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the paper by Popp and associates "Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction Caused by Metastatic Breast Carcinoma," which appeared in your October 1979 issue (1). The authors state that each patient had proven "invasive adenocarcinoma of the female breast." The type of carcinoma is not further identified.Such information would be important data to publish. Our own studies of breast cancer and those of others (2) indicate that serosal, retroperitoneal, and gastrointestinal metastases are found much more commonly with lobular carcinoma (especially signet-ring variety) (3) than with ductal cancer. Most large series indicate that ductal cancer...References1. POPPSCHAPIROWARSHAW JRA. Extrahepatic biliary obstruction caused by metastatic breast carcinoma. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:568-71. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KLEINSHERLOCK MP. Gastric and colonic metastases from breast cancer. Am J Dig Dis. 1972;17:881-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. STEINBRECKERSILVERBERG JS. Signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast: the mucinous variant of infiltrating lobular carcinoma. Cancer. 1970;37:828-40. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. HAAGENSEN C. Diseases of The Breast. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 1971. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT 06510 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1980Volume 92, Issue 5Page: 716-716KeywordsAdenocarcinomaBreast cancerInvasive lobular carcinoma Issue Published: 1 May 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...