tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An unusual case of abdominal pain
Authors: N Yazaki
Journal: Gut (2004)

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is an intestinotrophic mediator with therapeutic potential in conditions with compromised intestinal capacity.However, growth stimulation of the intestinal system may accelerate the growth of existing neoplasms in the intestine.Aims: In the present study, the effects of GLP-2 treatment on the growth of chemically induced colonic neoplasms were investigated.Methods: In 210 female C57bl mice, colonic tumours were initially induced with the methylating carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and mice were then treated with GLP-2.Two months after discontinuation of the carcinogen treatment, 135 of the mice were allocated to one of six groups which were treated twice daily with 25 mg GLP-2, 25 mg Gly2-GLP-2 (stable analogue), or phosphate buffered saline for a short (10 days) or long (one month) period.The remaining 75 mice had a treatment free period of three months and were then allocated to groups subjected to long term treatment, as above.Results: Colonic polyps developed in 100% of the mice, regardless of treatment.Survival data revealed no statistical significant differences among the different groups but histopathological analysis demonstrated a clear and significant increase in tumour load of mice treated with Gly2-GLP-2.The tumour promoting effect of native GLP-2 was less pronounced but the number of small sized polyps increased following long term treatment.Conclusions: The present results clearly indicate that GLP-2 promotes the growth of mucosal neoplasms.Our findings highlight the need for future investigations on the effects of GLP-2 in conditions needing long time treatment or with increased gastrointestinal cancer susceptibility.
AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study Numbers
Authors: C. Fordham von Reyn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 September 1995AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study NumbersC. Fordham von Reyn, MDC. Fordham von Reyn, MDDartmouth-Hitchock Medical Center; Lebanon, NH 03756Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-5-199509010-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article by Fischl and colleagues [1] was useful. However, as with most other AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) studies you and others have published, it lacked any reference to the ACTG study number. Among AIDS clinicians and in future citations, this study will usually be referred to as the ACTG 155 study, but the unfortunate reader will be unable to find this information in the article itself. The ACTG numbers should be published ACTG studies.References1. Fischi MA, Stanley K, Collier AC, Ardunio JM, Stein DS, Feinberg JE, et al. Combination and monotherapy with zodovudine and zalcitabine in patients with advanced HIV disease. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:24-32. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: C. Fordham von Reyn, MDAffiliations: Dartmouth-Hitchock Medical Center; Lebanon, NH 03756 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1995Volume 123, Issue 5Page: 395KeywordsAIDSClinical trialsForecasting ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A catalytic-independent role for the LUBAC in NF-κB activation upon antigen receptor engagement and in lymphoma cells
Authors: Sonia M. Dubois, Catherine Alexia, Youtong Wu, Héloïse M. Leclair, Claire Leveau, Emilie Schol, Thierry Fest, Karin Tarte, Zhijian J. Chen, Julie Gavard, Nicolas Bidère
Journal: Blood (2014)
Vaccines and Autism Revisited — The Hannah Poling Case
Authors: Paul A. Offit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Hannah Poling was diagnosed with encephalopathy caused by a mitochondrial enzyme deficit. Her parents believed that vaccines had triggered her encephalopathy, and they sued the Department of Health and Human Services for compensation under the Vaccine Injury Compensation Program and won. Dr. Paul Offit writes that the Poling case is best understood in the context of the decision-making process of this unusual vaccine court.
Neoplasms After Childhood Irradiation of the Thymus
Authors: Gerhart S. Schwarz
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the article "Neoplasms After Childhood Irradiation of the Thymus Gland," by Janower and Miettinen (<b>215</b>:753-756, 1971), the authors found a lesser incidence of late neoplasms than others have found. I would like to propose that it was due to the dose received by the infants, which was smaller in the series now presented than in the cases reported by Hempelmann and others. It stands to reason to assume that (aside from the degree of shielding) the incidence and perhaps even the length of the latency period vary with the dose administered. The original work by Hempelmann was based primarily upon individuals who had received their treatment in the greater Rochester (NY) area. I was radiologist of the Clifton Springs Sanitarium and Clinic (now Clifton Springs Clinic) from 1946 to 1950. During that period, I saw two young adult patients who had been irradiated for "Enlarged
Thyroid Hormones and Respiratory-Distress Syndrome of the Newborn
Authors: Inder J. Chopra
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Idiopathic respiratory-distress syndrome (RDS) generally occurs in premature infants, whose immature lungs may not contain an adequate amount of the surface-active, lecithin-laden layer of surfactant lining the alveoli. The surfactant normally functions to lower the surface tension of the alveolar lining, which prevents complete loss of air from the alveoli during expiration, thereby avoiding alveolar collapse and reducing the work effort in subsequent breathing. The surfactant is apparently produced predominantly by Type II pneumocytes in the alveolar lining; these cells contain characteristic inclusion bodies which, as lung matures, correlate in size and number with the surfactant content in the lung. . . .
Burnley's battle ends in consultants' victory
Authors: L Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Consultants at an NHS trust hospital in Lancashire won a long and bitter dispute with management last week when Dr Sam Pickens, the medical director, resigned. He did so after over 50 consultants at Burnley Health Care Trust threatened to pass a vote of no confidence in the trust's board if he did not give up his post. He will return to being a full time consultant physician at the hospital.

Doctors had already passed two votes of no confidence in Dr Pickens - the first in early September, when he was criticised for not consulting them on medical issues. Tension increased at the trust when Mr Ian Mahady, a consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist, was made redundant. On 15 September Mr Mahady, was told by Dr Pickens and David Meakin a senior manager to clear his desk and leave the hospital in three hours. Less than two weeks later consultants passed their second vote of no confidence in Dr Pickens in protest at his involvement in Mr Mahady's departure. At that time the trust's board stood by …
Training in accident and emergency
Authors: M. Jones, C. Tulloch
Journal: BMJ (1990)

stung region.In the case of stone fish poisoning, however, it is best that the concentrated necrotising venom is allowed to diffuse freely away from the region.Deaths due to the svstemic effects of the venom are extremely rare, with onlv a couple recorded in published work.Infection often occurs with this type of injury.It should be remembered that marine bacteria comprise a wide range of organisms, and many are resistant to common antibiotics and also may require saline media for culture.It follows that debridement should be assisted by washing the wound well with fresh or preferably sterile water.The drug of first choice is trimethoprim-sulpha- methazole.Tetanus prophvlaxis should also receive attention.
Hyperechoic ultrasound (US) pattern of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in liver cirrhosis: Prevalence and statistical correlations in 154 patients
Authors: M.E. Lippi, M. Pompili, S. Beccaria, M. Covino, E. Caturelli, L. Riccardi, R. Picconi, A. Cedrone, G. Gasbarrini, G.L. Rapaccini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Challenge, 110 Deep Knee Bends; Reward, Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Madeline Frucht
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: A 21-year-old man presented to our hospital with a one-day history of brown urine, nocturia, urinary frequency, and mild suprapubic pain. Three days earlier, while participating in a prison hazing ritual, he was challenged to maneuver 10 chess pieces, a task requiring 110 deep knee bends in rapid sequence. The chess pieces were lined up on the floor, and the prisoner had to squat to pick up the first piece and then squat to set it down next to the second piece. He then had to retrieve the first two pieces by squatting twice to pick them . . .
SAVING TIME IN THE MEDICAL SCHOOL
Authors: RAY LYMAN WILBUR
Journal: JAMA (1926)

With the introduction into premedical and medical courses of those subjects requisite for a proper understanding of modern medicine, there has been a prolongation of the training period for the degree of Doctor of Medicine to a point that is approaching the upper limit of reasonable requirement.  As physics and chemistry were introduced into the premedical curriculum, and experimental physiology, laboratory bacteriology and practical pathology found their way into the day to day work of the medical school, the necessary clinical training was pushed forward. This, based on the traditional and ridiculous four-system of American education, meant four years of high school, four years of college, and four years of medical school. When additional training of a practical sort was added to this, the medical student before he actually met the problems of practice had passed out of the stage when it is easy to train his senses and his
The Silent Sinus Syndrome
Authors: Charles N.S. Soparkar, James R. Patrinely, Mary J. Cuaycong, Roger A. Dailey, Robert C. Kersten, Peter A.D. Rubin, John V. Linberg, Gene R. Howard, Donald T. Donovan, Alice Y. Matoba, John B. Holds
Journal: Ophthalmology (1994)
Femoral and Direct Inguinal Hernias in Infants and Children
Authors: Eric W. Fonkalsrud
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Femoral and direct inguinal hernias are very uncommon in infants and children, and management differs considerably from that of the more usual indirect inguinal hernias. In this series, there were 25 pediatric patients, 12 with a femoral hernia and 13 with a direct inguinal hernia; the correct preoperative diagnosis was made for only 8. Four of the 13 patients with direct hernias had been subjected to previous inguinal explorations for hernia, and the direct hernia may have resulted from damage to the previously normal or tenuous transversalis fascia weakened during the inguinal exploration. The basic defect in both femoral and direct inguinal hernias is a weakness or absence of a portion of the posterior inguinal wall associated with increased intra-abdominal pressure. In contrast to indirect inguinal hernias in which simple high ligation of the sac may suffice to produce surgical cure, these infrequent lesions require fascial repair, even in infants and children. High ligation or inversion of the hernial sac followed by a Cooper's ligament repair is recommended for femoral hernias, A formal reconstruction of the transversalis fascia behind the spermatic cord will suffice for the direct lesion.
Isolation of T cell receptors specifically reactive with mutated tumor associated antigens
Authors: Maria Parkhurst, Paul Robbins, Steven Rosenberg
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can mediate the regression of metastatic melanoma [[1][1]]. In addition, the adoptive transfer of lymphocytes expressing T cell receptors (TCRs) specifically reactive with antigens expressed on melanoma cells can
A Digoxin-Antibiotic Drug Interaction
Authors: James E. Doherty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

IN this issue of the Journal, Lindenbaum et al.1 carefully document a drug interaction between antibiotics and digoxin, the eighth most frequently prescribed drug in 1980. This interaction is of interest not only because it may affect many patients taking digoxin but also because of its nature and mechanism.Approximately 10 per cent of patients receiving digoxin may metabolize 40 per cent or more of the drug to cardioinactive compounds.2 The bacterial flora of the intestine contribute greatly to this metabolic process. In these patients, the administration of antibiotics, by altering the bacterial flora, appears to arrest the metabolic . . .
ERYSIPELOID. with BACTERIOLOGICAL REPORT
Authors: JOHN T. INGRAM, ROBERT D. STUART
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1934)

Journal Article ERYSIPELOID. with BACTERIOLOGICAL REPORT Get access JOHN T. INGRAM, M.D.Losd., M.R.C.P.Lond., JOHN T. INGRAM, M.D.Losd., M.R.C.P.Lond. Physician in Charge of the Skin Department, General Infirmary, Leeds; Lecturer on Diseases of the Skin, University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ROBERT D. STUART, M.D.Aberd., D.P.H. ROBERT D. STUART, M.D.Aberd., D.P.H. Late Demonstrator, Bacteriological Department, University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 46, Issue 7, 1 July 1934, Pages 303–306, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1934.tb09786.x Published: 01 July 1934
Identification of Women at Unsuspected Risk of Primary Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 during Pregnancy
Authors: Julie A. Kulhanjian, Vista Soroush, Deborah S. Au, Rachel N. Bronzan, Linda L. Yasukawa, Laura E. Weylman, Ann M. Arvin, Charles G. Prober
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Primary infections with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) acquired by women during pregnancy account for about half of the morbidity and mortality from HSV-2 among neonates. The other half results from reactivation of old infections. Better methods are needed to identify which women are at risk for primary HSV-2 infection.
Further evidence for a muscarinic component to the neural vasodilator innervation of cerebral and cranial extracerebral arteries of the cat.
Authors: J A Bevan, G M Buga, C A Jope, R S Jope, H Moritoki
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Transmural electrical stimulation of segments of lingual and cerebral (basilar, middle and posterior cerebral) and also other cranial arteries of the cat results after a long latency in a dilator response. The response may be resolved into two components--an initial transient atropine-sensitive component and a slower more ponderous one that is atropine-resistant. The variability in pattern of dilation responses from segments of different vessels or even those from the same segment of different cats is considerable. Some responses are entirely atropine-sensitive and others atropine-resistant; however the vast majority show a dilation that can be considered to be made up of both components. The latencies of the atropine-sensitive and atropine-resistant components are not different. The effect of atropine on the lingual but not the cerebral arteries is frequency dependent, being proportionately greater at low than at high frequencies. In both vessels, the effect of atropine is independent of train length at 1 Hz. Physostigmine potentiates significantly the dilation of the lingual artery but not that of the cerebral arteries. The potentiation is reversed by atropine. The endogenous acetylcholine level was measured in a series of vessels. It can be correlated with the activity of choline acetyltransferase and the presence of neurogenic dilation. It is proposed that there are two transmitters released in parallel from nerve(s) in the walls of cerebral, lingual, and possibly, other cranial arteries to cause vasodilation. It seems that one of these is acetylcholine.
Management of Immune Thrombocytopenia — Something Old, Something New
Authors: James N. George
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

For most of my career, the management of immune thrombocytopenia has evolved from clinical experience rather than clinical evidence. When I was a medical student at Ohio State University in 1960, my mentors were shifting their initial treatment for immune thrombocytopenia from splenectomy to the recently available glucocorticoids.1 Over the next 40 years, although multiple other treatments were reported in case series of selected patients, glucocorticoids and splenectomy remained the most common first and second treatments, respectively, for immune thrombocytopenia. When a guideline for immune thrombocytopenia was developed by the American Society of Hematology in 1996,2 there was little clinical-trial . . .
Promoting normality in childbirth
Authors: R. Johanson, M. Newburn
Journal: BMJ (2001)

See also Papers p 1155 

Researchers have shown much interest in possible explanations for rising caesarean section rates.1 Consumer choice is seen as being very influential. An often cited survey of London obstetricians found that 31% would choose caesarean section as their preferred mode of delivering babies. 2 3 However, there appear to be paradoxes within this decision making process.4

Professionals choose abdominal delivery, on the basis that it appears to be “easier, less painful and more convenient,” even though they consider it to be more expensive and dangerous than a vaginal delivery.4 A subsequent study, with a wider national base, found a more balanced attitude to normal birth, but this has yet to be commented on in the national press.5 National data in this area have been collected and the results of the national sentinel audit of caesarean section were presented at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists on 26 October 2001. Accurate comparative figures on rates, indications, standards which can be audited, women's views …
Poor serological responses upon influenza vaccination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with rituximab
Authors: L B S Gelinck, Y K O Teng, G F Rimmelzwaan, B J F van den Bemt, F P Kroon, J M van Laar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for immunocompromised patients.1 2 Rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, recently approved by American and European authorities for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients failing tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking agents, diminishes the number of circulating B cells for a period of six to nine months after infusion.3 4 Circulating plasma cells and immunoglobulin levels are not affected by this therapy. Based on data in lymphoma patients, the package insert states that patients should not be vaccinated from one month before the administration of rituximab until six months after.5 6 In those studies the underlying lymphoma and treatment …
Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Employees of a Children's Hospital
Authors: Kytia B. Balcarek
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Employees of a children's hospital were studied to determine the prevalence of antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and the incidence of CMV infection between 1984 and 1988 in relation to patient contact. At enrollment, 783 (63%) of 1250 employees had antibody to CMV. By logistic regression analysis, age greater than 30 years, black race, fewer than 16 years of education, employment for more than 1 year, female sex, and being married were each associated with seropositivity at enrollment. Three hundred workers who were seronegative initially were followed up; 13 seroconverted over a median follow-up interval of 1.96 years, 2.2% per year. Administrative, patient-care, laboratory, and support personnel were included among seroconverters. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of CMV infection when employees were grouped by job type, number of hours per week of patient contact, or nursing unit. The incidence of CMV among employees of a children's hospital was similar to the rate expected for the general population. Risk of CMV infection was not increased by patient contact in this setting.
The Value of Imponderables
Authors: Reginald Fitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

EVERY medical student is familiar with the Ether Dome of the Massachusetts General Hospital and the words beginning, "On October 16, 1846, in this room, then the operating theater of the Hospital, was given the first public demonstration of anesthesia to the extent of producing insensibility to pain during a serious surgical operation." I have often wondered how knowledge of this achievement spread over the world so promptly — largely, it seems to me, through a strange combination of the two imponderables chance and friendship.Dr. William Morton was a dentist, young and ambitious, poor and struggling hard to obtain . . .
P286 EFFECTS OF LIVER-SPECIFIC NO-DONOR, V-PYRRO/NO ON LIVER STEATOSIS IN MICE FED HIGH FAT DIET
Authors: E. Maślak, A. Jasztal, K. Kochan, B. Sitek, P. Zabielski, A. Chabowski, K. Kuś, M. Walczak, B. Proniewski, M. Barańska, L. Keefer, S. Chłopicki
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Severe right ventricular pressure loading in fetal sheep augments global myocardial blood flow to submaximal levels.
Authors: M D Reller, M J Morton, G D Giraud, D E Wu, K L Thornburg
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND It has previously been shown that the fetal right ventricle (RV) is sensitive to changes in arterial pressure and that its stroke volume is significantly reduced with acute increases in pulmonary arterial pressure. However, the myocardial blood flow (MBF) response to increases in pulmonary arterial pressure have not been investigated in the fetus. METHODS AND RESULTS To assess whether the RV afterload sensitivity to arterial pressure is associated with limitation in MBF, seven fetal lambs were instrumented at 130 days of gestation with a pulmonary arterial occluder and intravascular catheters. RV stroke volume was measured by an electromagnetic flow probe and MBF by 15-microns labeled microspheres. MBF was determined at baseline and during incremental increases in pulmonary arterial pressure. Maximal MBF was determined in seven additional fetuses during adenosine infusion. The highest tolerated pressure was associated with a 50% reduction in RV stroke volume. The highest pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure resulted in a doubling of MBF to all regions of the heart (266 +/- 99 to 504 +/- 158, 193 +/- 69 to 387 +/- 100, and 171 +/- 66 to 338 +/- 134 ml/min/100 g for the RV, septum, and left ventricle, respectively). The best correlation for increases in both RV and global MBF was the RV heart rate-systolic pulmonary pressure product. Adenosine infusion was associated with a threefold increase in global MBF that was significantly greater than the MBF achieved during pulmonary arterial occlusion. CONCLUSIONS The fetal RV sensitivity to acute pressure loading is not associated with limitation of MBF. The fetal myocardium has a remarkable flow reserve that allows for preservation of function during acute increases in arterial pressure.
Rutin in Capillary Fragility
Authors: A. L. Bacharach, H. Scarborough
Journal: BMJ (1947)

In connexion with an investigation which I am making into the incidence and symptomatology of actinomycosis in- volving the rectum and anus, I should be greatly obliged if any of your readers would let me have details of any such cases which may have come under their observation.-Iam, etc.,