tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical and immunological profiles of 25 patients with pemphigoid gestationis
Authors: N. Tani, Y. Kimura, H. Koga, T. Kawakami, C. Ohata, N. Ishii, T. Hashimoto
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Clinical and immunological profiles of 25 patients with pemphigoid gestationis Get access N. Tani, N. Tani Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology 67 Asahimachi Kurume Fukuoka 830‐0011 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Kimura, Y. Kimura Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology 67 Asahimachi Kurume Fukuoka 830‐0011 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Koga, H. Koga Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology 67 Asahimachi Kurume Fukuoka 830‐0011 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Kawakami, T. Kawakami Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology 67 Asahimachi Kurume Fukuoka 830‐0011 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Ohata, C. Ohata Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology 67 Asahimachi Kurume Fukuoka 830‐0011 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Ishii, N. Ishii Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology 67 Asahimachi Kurume Fukuoka 830‐0011 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Hashimoto T. Hashimoto Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology 67 Asahimachi Kurume Fukuoka 830‐0011 Japan Correspondence Takashi Hashimoto. E‐mail: hashimot@med.kurume-u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 1, 1 January 2015, Pages 120–129, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13374 Published: 01 January 2015
Cholera in Africa: A Message for the West
Authors: RICHARD W. GOODGAME
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

West Africa had been free of cholera during the entire twentieth century until August 1970 when a devastating epidemic of more than 150 000 cases and 20 000 deaths occurred. Cholera is now endemic in all the areas involved. The patterns of spread initially involved coastal waterways, but subsequently extended to desert areas. The role of various modes of transportation and the high carrier-to-case ratio characteristic of Vibrio cholerae biotype El Tor are discussed. The fundamental importance of adequate fluid replacement therapy in preventing panic and dispersal of affected populations with consequent spread to new areas is stressed. It is urged that all physicians become familiar with cholera in order to be prepared to render appropriate care when cases occur in the Americas.
Victor Ariyaratnam Benjamin
Authors: N. Arulanantham
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Victor Ariyaratnam Benjamin grew up in Jaffna, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). He was head prefect and athletic captain at St John’s College Jaffna, an Anglican school. He obtained distinctions in botany and chemistry, and he continued to excel at Colombo medical school. After medical school he served as demonstrator in pathology in the Faculty of Medicine, Colombo, before travelling to England to …
International Trial of the Edmonton Protocol for Islet Transplantation
Authors: A.M. James Shapiro, Camillo Ricordi, Bernhard J. Hering, Hugh Auchincloss, Robert Lindblad, R. Paul Robertson, Antonio Secchi, Mathias D. Brendel, Thierry Berney, Daniel C. Brennan, Enrico Cagliero, Rodolfo Alejandro, Edmond A. Ryan, Barbara DiMercurio, Philippe Morel, Kenneth S. Polonsky, Jo-Anna Reems, Reinhard G. Bretzel, Federico Bertuzzi, Tatiana Froud, Raja Kandaswamy, David E.R. Sutherland, George Eisenbarth, Miriam Segal, Jutta Preiksaitis, Gregory S. Korbutt, Franca B. Barton, Lisa Viviano, Vicki Seyfert-Margolis, Jeffrey Bluestone, Jonathan R.T. Lakey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Islet transplantation offers the potential to improve glycemic control in a subgroup of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who are disabled by refractory hypoglycemia. We conducted an international, multicenter trial to explore the feasibility and reproducibility of islet transplantation with the use of a single common protocol (the Edmonton protocol).We enrolled 36 subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who underwent islet transplantation at nine international sites. Islets were prepared from pancreases of deceased donors and were transplanted within 2 hours after purification, without culture. The primary end point was defined as insulin independence with adequate glycemic control 1 year after the final transplantation.Of the 36 subjects, 16 (44%) met the primary end point, 10 (28%) had partial function, and 10 (28%) had complete graft loss 1 year after the final transplantation. A total of 21 subjects (58%) attained insulin independence with good glycemic control at any point throughout the trial. Of these subjects, 16 (76%) required insulin again at 2 years; 5 of the 16 subjects who reached the primary end point (31%) remained insulin-independent at 2 years.Islet transplantation with the use of the Edmonton protocol can successfully restore long-term endogenous insulin production and glycemic stability in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus and unstable control, but insulin independence is usually not sustainable. Persistent islet function even without insulin independence provides both protection from severe hypoglycemia and improved levels of glycated hemoglobin. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00014911 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Profound but Reversible Myocardial Depression in Patients with Septic Shock
Authors: MARGARET M. PARKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

To characterize the role of cardiac function in septic shock, serial radionuclide cineangiographic and hemodynamic evaluations were done on 20 patients with documented septic shock. Although all patients had a normal or elevated cardiac index, 10 patients had moderate to severe depression of their ejection fraction with values below 0.40. Thirteen of twenty patients survived their episode. Paradoxically, 10 of 13 survivors, but none of the 7 nonsurvivors, had an initial ejection fraction less than 0.40 (p less than 0.005). The mean initial ejection fraction for the survivors was 0.32 +/- 0.04, and their mean end systolic and end diastolic ventricular volumes were substantially increased with a normal stroke volume. The survivors' serial scans showed a gradual return to normal ejection fraction and ventricular volume by 10 days after the onset of shock. Nonsurvivors had normal initial ejection fractions and ventricular volumes that did not change during serial studies.
Girls do not see HPV vaccine as green light for sex, study says
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) does not promote sexual activity among young girls who receive it, as some have claimed, a study in Pediatrics concludes.1

Researchers from Kaiser Permanente, a large managed healthcare organization, and Emory University, both in Atlanta, Georgia, reviewed clinical markers of increased sexual activity—such as pregnancy, diagnosis of or testing for sexually transmitted infections, and contraceptive counseling—during the three years after girls were vaccinated against HPV. The study looked at 1398 girls aged 11-12 years between July 2006 and December 2007 and followed them up to December 2010.

Of the girls, 493 received the vaccine and 905 did not. Clinical markers of sexual activity were no more …
1100-55 Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell therapy early after reperfused acute myocardial infarction improves left ventricular function and alters ventricular electrophysiologic properties
Authors: Matthew J Price, Chung-Chuan Chou, Malka Frantzen, Takahashi Miyamoto, Saibal Kar, Dougal McCean, Suzhen Guo, Steve Lee, Prediman K Shah, Bradley J Martin, Michael Lill, James S Forrester, Peng-Sheng Chen, Raj R Makkar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Alvimopan Accelerates Gastrointestinal Recovery After Radical Cystectomy: A Multicenter Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Cheryl T. Lee, Sam S. Chang, Ashish M. Kamat, Gilad Amiel, Timothy L. Beard, Amr Fergany, R. Jeffrey Karnes, Andrea Kurz, Venu Menon, Wade J. Sexton, Joel W. Slaton, Robert S. Svatek, Shandra S. Wilson, Lee Techner, Richard Bihrle, Gary D. Steinberg, Michael Koch
Journal: European Urology (2014)
P3-16-03: Enhancing Anti-IGF Directed Therapeutics by Co-Targeting Autophagy.
Authors: AS Oh, K LaPara, D Yee
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Autophagy (macroautophagy) is a cellular mechanism that maintains homeostasis and cell growth by regulating the turnover of damaged proteins. Autophagy has a critical role in maintaining cellular viability during nutrient starvation and metabolic stress by recycling intracellular proteins for nutrient reallocation. Whether the autophagy pathway utilized by breast cancer cells has a survival mechanism or is a feature of cell death is not fully understood. Since the IGF/insulin signaling maintains cellular growth, nutrient utilization, and survival, increased autophagy or autophagic flux might be induced with IGF-I inhibitors as a compensatory survival mechanism. In breast cancer cells treated with anti-IGF1R kinase inhibitors, we observed an increase in autophagic flux; similar to levels induced by nutrient deprivation. Objective: In this study, we examined whether IGF1R inhibitor -induced autophagy is cytoprotective or cytotoxic. If autophagy has a protective role in nutrient-depleted conditions it could reduce the long term efficacy of IGF1R inhibition by making cells refractory to blockade of this signaling system. In this study, we hypothesized that blocking autophagy in combination with anti-IGF1R therapies (antibodies or small molecules) would further enhance growth inhibition in a panel of breast cancer cells types (luminal and basal-like/triple negative). Results: We initially examined whether autophagy inhibitors (chloroquine or bafilomycin A1) had a differential growth effect on breast cancer cells that varied in their sensitivity to IGF1R stimulated growth. We found that low-to-moderate IGF growth dependent MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435A breast cancer cells were more sensitive to chloroquine alone. However, sensitivity to bafilomycin A1 differed between breast cancer cell lines compared to chloroquine. In conditions of cellular stress when autophagy is normally triggered, co-treatment with IGF inhibitor (OSI-906) and chloroquine, increased growth inhibition in all breast cancer cell lines. Further, basal-like breast cancer cells (i.e. low-to-moderate IGF growth dependent cells) had a higher baseline autophagic flux compared to luminal MCF-7L breast cancer cells (i.e. highly IGF-I dependent). Using MCF-7L cells selected for long-term resistance to IGF1R kinase inhibitor (AEW-541), we found that these cells were not sensitivite to chloroquine or Bafilomycin A1 compared to wild type MCF-7Ls. Inhibiting autophagy in combination with anti-IGF therapies could offer benefit over single therapy alone if autophagy inhibitors are given together with IGF1R inhibitors, but not in IGF1R inhibitor resistant cancers. Additionally, targeting autophagy as a single agent therapy may be more beneficial in triple negative breast cancer compared to other subtypes of breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-16-03.
Reflux oesophagitis trials
Authors: B A Scobie
Journal: BMJ (1979)

TIA patients should simply be given daily aspirin, we would urge general practitioners or others who see any TIA patients over the next few years to refer them to one of the neurologists collaborating in the UK TIA aspirin trial, so that reliable information will eventually emerge.We would be pleased to supply inquirers with the name of a nearby collaborator.
Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Roelof J. Bennink, Freerk W. van der Meulen, Nicole J. Freling, Jan Booij
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a nonlymphomatous, squamous cell carcinoma that originates in the epithelial lining of the nasopharynx. We report a case of intense In-111 octreotide uptake of an intracranial tumor situated in the base of the skull in a patient referred for scintigraphy for evaluation of a possible meningioma. The presence of an In-111 octreotide positive cervical node justified histologic diagnosis. Biopsies revealed an unsuspected nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the base of the skull. A cervical lymph node metastasis was confirmed by fine needle aspiration.
Inferior petrosal sinus sampling in healthy subjects reveals a unilateral corticotropin-releasing hormone-induced arginine vasopressin release associated with ipsilateral adrenocorticotropin secretion.
Authors: K T Kalogeras, L K Nieman, T C Friedman, J L Doppman, G B Cutler, G P Chrousos, R L Wilder, P W Gold, J A Yanovski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) acts synergistically with corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) to stimulate ACTH release from the anterior pituitary. In a previous study of bilateral simultaneous inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) sampling in healthy human subjects, we observed lateralized ACTH secretion, suggesting lateralized secretion of an ACTH-regulating hypothalamic factor. To investigate this possibility, we measured ACTH, CRH, AVP, and oxytocin (OT) levels in the IPS and the peripheral circulation in nine normal volunteers, before and after 1 microgram/kg i.v. bolus ovine CRH (oCRH). At baseline, ACTH, AVP, and OT exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) two to threefold intersinus gradient (ISG), indicating the existence of a dominant petrosal sinus. Endogenous CRH was undetectable in all samples. Despite similar exogenous oCRH levels in both petrosal sinuses, oCRH caused a significant increase (P < 0.001) in the ACTH ISG (15.8 +/- 5.6, mean +/- SEM), suggesting increased responsiveness of one dominant side of the anterior pituitary. This was associated with an ipsilateral CRH-induced AVP release and a significant increase (P < 0.01) in the AVP ISG (8.6 +/- 2.3), suggesting lateralized AVP secretion by the hypothalamus. Furthermore, the increased AVP ISG after oCRH correlated strongly with the ACTH ISG (r = 0.92, P < 0.01). oCRH administration did not affect OT. These findings suggest that there is a dominant petrosal sinus in healthy volunteers that appears to reflect a dominant side of the adenohypophysis, characterized by increased functional activity and/or responsiveness of the pituitary corticotrophs. This may reflect lateralized hypothalamic and/or suprahypothalamic function resulting in CRH-responsive lateralized secretion of AVP from parvocellular and/or magnocellular axons in the median eminence and the posterior pituitary. Although the functional and teleologic significance of these findings remains to be investigated, our data suggest a novel mechanism for CRH-mediated ACTH release, namely CRH-induced release of AVP which then enhances CRH action on the corticotrophs. Furthermore, our data represent the first direct evidence for the concept of brain lateralization with respect to neuroendocrine secretion.
Points: Remember the family doctor
Authors: M Ferris
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Hyperlipidaemia advances and retreatsDr A LEWIS (London WlN 1FJ) writes: How long will it be before the hazards of eating dairy foods (23 August, p 564) are remembered with amusement like those of eating meat.This dangerous stuff (especially red meat) "caused" kidney disease, hypertension, rheumatism, and gout because it was a source of uric acid and urea, with which these conditions were thought to be associated. Drugs and rheumatoid arthritisDr JACK BOURNE (Hornchurch, Essex) writes: In his letter on the effect of corticosteroids on the manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis,
X-Linked Ichthyosis
Authors: Mark A. Crowe
Journal: JAMA (1993)

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Increased production of interleukin 1 beta and hepatocyte growth factor may contribute to foveolar hyperplasia in enlarged fold gastritis.
Authors: Y Yasunaga, Y Shinomura, S Kanayama, Y Higashimoto, M Yabu, Y Miyazaki, S Kondo, Y Murayama, H Nishibayashi, S Kitamura, Y Matsuzawa
Journal: Gut (1996)

It has been reported that eradication of Helicobacter pylori improves fold width in H pylori associated enlarged fold gastritis. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of fold thickening in this condition.In eight patients with enlarged fold gastritis and 13 patients without enlarged folds, the presence of H pylori infection, inflammatory infiltrates, mucosal plasia, and epithelial cell proliferation in the body mucosa were investigated, and production of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin 1 beta (IL 1 beta) was determined by a competitive reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction method and in vitro short-term culture of biopsy specimens.In the patients with enlarged fold gastritis, inflammatory infiltrates including macrophages increased with H pylori colonisation in the body. Foveolar thickness and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labelling index were increased. Messenger RNA levels of HGF, but not TGF alpha, were increased, and release of HGF and IL 1 beta was increased. HGF release, which was positively correlated with IL 1 beta release and foveolar thickness, decreased in the presence of IL 1 receptor antagonist. After eradication of H pylori, inflammatory infiltrates, IL 1 beta and HGF release decreased with concomitant decreases in PCNA labelling index, foveolar thickness and fold width.Increased IL 1 beta and HGF production caused by H pylori infection may contribute to fold thickening of the stomach by stimulating epithelial cell proliferation and foveolar hyperplasia in patients with enlarged fold gastritis.
Characterization and Management of Cardiac Involvement of Thymic Epithelial Tumors
Authors: Anish Thomas, Sujata Shanbhag, Karl Haglund, Arlene Berman, Marko Jakopovic, Eva Szabo, Andrew Arai, David S. Schrump, King F. Kwong, Arun Rajan, Giuseppe Giaccone
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Incidence, Predictors, and Significance of Abnormal Cardiac Enzyme Rise in Patients Treated With Bypass Surgery in the Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study (ARTS)
Authors: Marco A. Costa, Ronald G. Carere, Samuel V. Lichtenstein, David P. Foley, Vincent de Valk, Wietze Lindenboom, Paul C.H. Roose, Theo R. van Geldorp, Carlos Macaya, José L. Castanon, Francisco Fernandez-Avilèz, Jesús Herreros Gonzáles, Günter Heyer, Felix Unger, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Although it has been suggested that elevation of CK-MB after percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, limited data are available in the setting of coronary bypass grafting. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence, predictors, and prognostic significance of CK-MB elevation following multivessel coronary bypass grafting (CABG). Methods and Results The population comprises 496 patients with multivessel coronary disease assigned to CABG in the Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study (ARTS). CK-MB was prospectively measured at 6, 12, and 18 hours after the procedure. Thirty-day and 1-year clinical follow-up were performed. Abnormal CK-MB elevation occurred in 61.9% of the patients. Patients with increased cardiac-enzyme levels after CABG were at increased risk of both death and repeat myocardial infarction within the first 30 days ( P =0.001). CK-MB elevation was also independently related to late adverse outcome ( P =0.009, OR=0.64). Conclusions Increased concentrations of CK-MB, which are often dismissed as inconsequential in the setting of multivessel CABG, appear to occur very frequently and are associated with a significant increase in both repeat myocardial infarction and death beyond the immediate perioperative period.
The significance of multiple blue-grey dots (granularity) for the dermoscopic diagnosis of melanoma
Authors: R.P. Braun, O. Gaide, M. Oliviero, A.W. Kopf, L.E. French, J.-H. Saurat, H.S. Rabinovitz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

The presence of multiple blue-grey dots (MBGD) is widely used by clinicians to decide if a pigmented lesion should be removed, but only little is known about their significance.To evaluate the significance of MBGD for the dermoscopic diagnosis of melanoma.In part 1 we retrospectively evaluated 340 pigmented lesions for the presence and morphological appearance of granularity. One hundred and seventy melanomas were included and matched with 170 benign and dysplastic naevi which were randomly chosen from our collection. In part 2, 3773 lesions were examined prospectively in at-risk patients: all lesions with granularity were recorded, surgically removed and subjected to histopathological examination.In part 1, granularity was found in 26.5% of the benign lesions and 93.5% of melanomas. The presence of granularity, granularity at the periphery, irregularly distributed granularity and granularity in association with red and white colour were statistically highly significant for the diagnosis of melanoma (P < 0.001). In part 2, granularity was found in 1.08% of the 3773 lesions and more frequently in sun-damaged skin. Sensitivity for the diagnosis of melanoma was 85% and specificity 99%.After the revision of many lesions with MBGD, we concluded that the term 'granularity' better describes this entity. Lesions with irregular granularity (periphery, irregularly distributed) should be removed especially if they are associated with red, blue or white colour. Lesions with a benign dermoscopy pattern which have granularity with a regular appearance and involving only a small portion of the lesion do not require surgical excision.
INTRACORONARY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY (OCT) AND HISTOLOGY 2, 3 AND 4 YEARS AFTER IMPLANTATION OF BIORESORBABLE EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS IN A PORCINE CORONARY MODEL: AN ATTEMPT TO DECIPHER THE HUMAN OCT IMAGES IN THE ABSORB TRIAL
Authors: Yoshinobu Onuma, Tskayuki Okamura, Nieves Gonzalo, Evelyn Regar, Willem van der Giessen, Laura Perkins, Jennifer Powers, Richard Rapoza, Renu Virmani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)