tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Environmental Cancer and Chemical Agents 1976
Authors: PHILIPPE SHUBIK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Editorials1 July 1976Environmental Cancer and Chemical Agents 1976PHILIPPE SHUBIK, D.M., D.PHIL., DAVID B. CLAYSON, PH.D.PHILIPPE SHUBIK, D.M., D.PHIL.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID B. CLAYSON, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-1-120 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe most optimistic of investigators in environmental chemical carcinogenesis of 25 years ago could not possibly have foreseen the recognition now accorded to this area. Not only is the field one in which research is encouraged, but the practical applications of discoveries have become a major factor in public health programs. As might have been surmised, an overreaction to the new concepts of potential environmental hazard was inevitable. Obviously any group of persons faced with potential disaster from incompletely understood influences will initially allay their terrors by frantic action and consequential misjudgments.The word "carcinogen" was once a scientific term... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: PHILIPPE SHUBIK, D.M., D.PHIL.; DAVID B. CLAYSON, PH.D.Affiliations: Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, Nebraska PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Over-selling of Modern MedicineChapter 1 Introduction 1 July 1976Volume 85, Issue 1Page: 120-122KeywordsCarcinogenesisCarcinogensPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cardiac Munchausen Syndrome
Authors: MARK A. FIALK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 October 1974Cardiac Munchausen SyndromeMARK A. FIALK, M.D., HENRY W. MURRAY, M.D.MARK A. FIALK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HENRY W. MURRAY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-4-562_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We report a case considered a rather sophisticated "cardiac" example of Munchausen syndrome.A 28-year-old white man was transferred to the New York Hospital (New York, New York) because of chest pain.His history included rheumatic fever, at ages 3 and 6, and the later development of orthopnea, nocturnal dyspnea, pedal edema, and inability to keep up. Multiple episodes of palpitation and syncope during his teens led to a clinical diagnosis of mitral stenosis, and quinidine was given. At age 17 he developed angina pectoris. From 1963 to 1970, while a premedical student at Yale University, his... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center New York, New York 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCardiac Munchausen SyndromeMunchausen Cases with ConnectionsCHARLES R. RETHY, M.D. 1 October 1974Volume 81, Issue 4Page: 562-562KeywordsAdolescentsAnginaDyspneaEdemaIschemiaMitral stenosisRheumatic feverSyncope Issue Published: 1 October 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Acral Melanoma
Authors: John Wen-Cheng Chang
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
The Future General Internist
Authors: Michael E. Pauszek
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 July 1995The Future General InternistMichael E. PauszekMichael E. PauszekSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-2-199507150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I was saddened while reading the position paper on the role of the future general internist [1]. I wonder whether a learned dinosaur in the Mesozoic period wrote similarly of the need for the continued existence of his species? Would such shallow arguments have been raised?The training I received in my 4 postgraduate years at a medical center in the Midwest was superb. When I entered practice in 1981, the scope of care I delivered covered the breadth of my specialty, internal medicine. Yet, the availability of subspecialty care continues to grow, and my valued and ...REFERENCE1. American College of Physicians. The role of the future general internist defined. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:616-22. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1995Volume 123, Issue 2Page: 156-158KeywordsClinical epidemiologyDecision analysisForecastingHealth careHospitalizationsMedical educationPatientsSub-specialty care ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
1041. Delayed Infusion of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Improves Engraftment after Low-Dose Parenterally Administered Busulfan in a Congenic Murine Transplant Model
Authors: Matthew M. Hsieh, Saskia Langemeijer, Bob Wesley, Elizabeth M. Kang, John F. Tisdale
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

With the goal of reducing toxicity associated with conditioning for transplantation of genetically modified autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), others and we have explored non-myeloablative approaches. In this work, we sought to identify an alternative to irradiation that would allow dose dependent engraftment along a less steep dose response curve. Busulfan is a widely employed conditioning agent, yet the oral formulation is erratically absorbed, necessitating cumbersome pharmacokinetic monitoring. The recent availability of an intravenous formulation prompted our assessment in the murine congenic transplantation model. To assess hematopoietic toxicity, busulfan liquid at 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20mg/kg was injected into 10-12 week-old C57BL6 mice intraperitoneally (IP) in cohorts of 5 mice. Complete blood counts were obtained twice a week for 1 month. Busulfan produced dose dependent toxicity that was most pronounced in the third week after infusion. All mice recovered to baseline without hematopoietic support. To determine the level of engraftment attainable with IP busulfan, twenty million nucleated bone marrow cells from 6-8 week-old B6.SJL-Ptprca-Pep3b-/BoyJ donors (CD45.1) were injected into 10-12 week-old recipient C57BL6 mice (CD45.2), one day after 10 (n=8) or 20 (n=5) mg/kg busulfan. Donor chimerism was determined among lymphocytes and granulocytes at 4, 8, and 13 weeks post-transplant. At 13 weeks post transplant, mean donor lymphoid and myeloid engraftment were 28.6% and 25.8% respectively for the 10mg/kg dose, and 68.7% and 76.1% for the 20mg/kg dose. As busulfan is primarily toxic against metabolically quiescent cells in the bone marrow producing myelosuppressive effects that are delayed, we reasoned that delaying the infusion of HSCs until the nadir of peripheral blood counts might improve engraftment, and performed a delayed infusion time course study to test this hypothesis. Twenty million nucleated bone marrow cells from 6-8 week-old donor mice, C57BL6 (CD45.2), were injected at 1, 10, 13, 15, 17, 20, and 22 days after a single IP injection of 10mg/kg busulfan into 10-12 week-old recipient mice, B6.SJL-Ptprca-Pep3b-/BoyJ (CD45.1). There were 5 mice per cohort. Donor chimerism was determined among lymphocytes and granulocytes at 4, 8, and 13 weeks post-transplant. Groups of mice were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and confirmed with post-hoc Games/Howell analysis. The delayed infusion time course spanning days 1 to 22 following busulfan demonstrated that both lymphoid and myeloid engraftment were significantly improved from a mean of 28.6% (day -1) to 55.2% (day -15) and 25.8% (day -1) to 58.8% (day -15), respectively (Figure 1), p<0.05. Our results have implications for both autologous and allogeneic HSC transplant applications.
International Debate Erupts Over Research on Potentially Dangerous Bird Flu Strains
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

TWO TEAMS OF SCIENTISTS HAVE identified genetic mutations that enable the H5N1 avian influenza virus to spread more easily among ferrets, which are often used as a model to determine whether an influenza virus might be transmissible among humans. Concerns about the potential for such findings to aid terrorists and the possibility of accidental release of the virus into the wild touched off a worldwide debate, delayed publication of the results, and prompted a temporary moratorium on such research. The controversial studies were both scheduled for publication in December. Findings from a team of researchers led by Ron Fouchier, PhD, of the Erasmus Medical Center in the Netherlands, were slated to appear in Science, and those from a team led by Yoshihiro Kawaoka, PhD, DVM, of the University of Wisconsin in Madison and the University of Tokyo, were to be published in Nature. However, concerns about potential biosecurity risks led the journals and authors to postpone publication. At that time, the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB), which advises the National Institutes of Health on research that, while useful, might also pose biosecurity risks, took the unprecedented step of recommending that the researchers and journals omit some details from the papers to prevent individuals with ill intent from replicating the results. The publications were subsequently delayed. Both the research itself and the NSABB’s recommendations sparked a firestorm of debate about whether the merits of such research outweigh the risks and when sensitive information should be withheld.
Abstract 3339: Elimination of cancer stem cells in pancreatic cancer cell lines by a combinatorial therapy
Authors: Carmen Visús, Antonio Lozano-Leon, YangYang Wang, YooJung Chang, David C. Whitcomb, Randall E. Brand, Albert B. DeLeo
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSC) are tumor initiating cells and considered resistant to current conventional chemo and radio therapies. Consequently, novel strategies are needed to target these cells. Tumor cells expressing elevated levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 activity (ALDHbright cells) have been shown to have many properties attributed to CSC, including tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. We used FACS analysis to identify and sort ALDHbright cells from several human pancreatic cell lines using ALDEFLUOR (Stem Cell Technologies, Vancouver Canada). We show that ALDHbright but not ALDHnegative cells sorted from the human MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell are highly tumorigenic at low inoculum of 500 cells in immunodeficient NOD.SCID mice, a critical property of CSC. Previously, we identified the ALDH1A188–96 peptide as an HLA-A2-restricted, cytotoxic T cell (CTL)-defined tumor antigen. Using a flow cytometry-based assay, ALDHbright cells in the HLA-A2+ MiaPaCa-2 cell line were selectively eliminated in vitro by ALDH1A188–96 peptide-specific CTL. The Hedgehog (Hh) stem cell signaling pathway has been shown to play a critical role in invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Treatment of the MiaPaCa-2 cell line with the Hg inhibitor, cyclopamine, significantly eliminated ALDH+ MiaPaCA-2 cells compared to treatment with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. The efficacy of a combinatorial therapy consisting of adoptive transfer of ALDH1A1-specific CTL combined with systemic administration of cyclopamine in vitro and in vivo on ALDHbright cells and in vivo growth inhibition of MIA PaCa-2-derived xenografts is detailed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3339.
Portable Cholesterol Analyzers
Authors: Wendell R. O'Neal
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Kaufman et al<sup>1</sup>reported the performance of five compact chemistry analyzers in the measurement of lipids and characterized them for accuracy and precision. It is appropriate for a report of this kind to compare its findings with those of others who have done similar evaluations. For four of the analyzers considered—two of which were characterized as having acceptable accuracy and precision and two of which were reported to have unacceptable accuracy and precision—supporting data from other publications were presented. In only one case, that of the DuPont Analyst, which was characterized as having acceptable precision but poor accuracy, did the authors fail to refer to any other published works, of which there are several. Armbruster et al,<sup>2</sup>Koch et al,<sup>3</sup>and Ng et al<sup>4</sup>have all evaluated the DuPont Analyst system for its performance in cholesterol measurements. The results of these three evaluations
Leucocyte Migration Test and Hypersensitivity to Glafenin
Authors: J. H. Saurat, L. Galoppin, CL. Ponvert, J. Paupe
Journal: Allergy (1978)

The leucocyte migration test (LMT) was performed on 20 patients with an intolerance to glafenin--a non-narcotic analgesic drug. LMT was found to be positive in 50% of the subjects with intolerance, a highly significant percentage as compared with the control groups. HSA-glafenin was found to be the most appropriate method for presenting the antigen, but glafenin and its hydroxylated metabolites were only found to induce a migration inhibition in the subjects intolerant to glafenin.
Prenatal Treatment for Serious Neurological Sequelae of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mario Cortina-Borja, Hooi Kuan Tan, Martine Wallon, Malgorzata Paul, Andrea Prusa, Wilma Buffolano, Gunilla Malm, Alison Salt, Katherine Freeman, Eskild Petersen, Ruth E. Gilbert
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

Background The effectiveness of prenatal treatment to prevent serious neurological sequelae (SNSD) of congenital toxoplasmosis is not known. Methods and Findings Congenital toxoplasmosis was prospectively identified by universal prenatal or neonatal screening in 14 European centres and children were followed for a median of 4 years. We evaluated determinants of postnatal death or SNSD defined by one or more of functional neurological abnormalities, severe bilateral visual impairment, or pregnancy termination for confirmed congenital toxoplasmosis. Two-thirds of the cohort received prenatal treatment (189/293; 65%). 23/293 (8%) fetuses developed SNSD of which nine were pregnancy terminations. Prenatal treatment reduced the risk of SNSD. The odds ratio for prenatal treatment, adjusted for gestational age at maternal seroconversion, was 0.24 (95% Bayesian credible intervals 0.07–0.71). This effect was robust to most sensitivity analyses. The number of infected fetuses needed to be treated to prevent one case of SNSD was three (95% Bayesian credible intervals 2–15) after maternal seroconversion at 10 weeks, and 18 (9–75) at 30 weeks of gestation. Pyrimethamine-sulphonamide treatment did not reduce SNSD compared with spiramycin alone (adjusted odds ratio 0.78, 0.21–2.95). The proportion of live-born infants with intracranial lesions detected postnatally who developed SNSD was 31.0% (17.0%–38.1%). Conclusion The finding that prenatal treatment reduced the risk of SNSD in infected fetuses should be interpreted with caution because of the low number of SNSD cases and uncertainty about the timing of maternal seroconversion. As these are observational data, policy decisions about screening require further evidence from a randomized trial of prenatal screening and from cost-effectiveness analyses that take into account the incidence and prevalence of maternal infection. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Journals are not biased towards positive trial results, conference hears
Authors: L. Banham
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Journals are just as likely to publish trials with negative results as those with positive findings, concludes research presented this week at the International Congress on Peer Review and Biomedical Publication in Chicago.

Bias towards publication of positive results, particularly in industry sponsored trials, has been well described in the medical literature. It has not been clear, however, whether this occurs because authors and sponsors fail to submit negative studies or because of lack of interest among editors.

Marlins van Lent and …
Disparities in the Utilization of High-Volume Hospitals for Complex Surgery
Authors: Jerome H. Liu, David S. Zingmond, Marcia L. McGory, Nelson F. SooHoo, Susan L. Ettner, Robert H. Brook, Clifford Y. Ko
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Referral to high-volume hospitals has been recommended for operations with a demonstrated volume-outcome relationship. The characteristics of patients who receive care at low-volume hospitals may be different from those of patients who receive care at high-volume hospitals. These differences may limit their ability to access or receive care at a high-volume hospital.To identify patient characteristics associated with the use of high-volume hospitals, using California's Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development patient discharge database.Retrospective study of Californians receiving the following inpatient operations from 2000 through 2004: elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, coronary artery bypass grafting, carotid endarterectomy, esophageal cancer resection, hip fracture repair, lung cancer resection, cardiac valve replacement, coronary angioplasty, pancreatic cancer resection, and total knee replacement.Patient race/ethnicity and insurance status in high-volume (highest 20% of patients by mean annual volume) and in low-volume (lowest 20%) hospitals.A total of 719,608 patients received 1 of the 10 operations. Overall, nonwhites, Medicaid patients, and uninsured patients were less likely to receive care at high-volume hospitals and more likely to receive care at low-volume hospitals when controlling for other patient-level characteristics. Blacks were significantly (P<.05) less likely than whites to receive care at high-volume hospitals for 6 of the 10 operations (relative risk [RR] range, 0.40-0.72), while Asians and Hispanics were significantly less likely to receive care at high-volume hospitals for 5 (RR range, 0.60-0.91) and 9 (RR range, 0.46-0.88), respectively. Medicaid patients were significantly less likely than Medicare patients to receive care at high-volume hospitals for 7 of the operations (RR range, 0.22-0.66), while uninsured patients were less likely to be treated at high-volume hospitals for 9 (RR range, 0.20-0.81).There are substantial disparities in the characteristics of patients receiving care at high-volume hospitals. The interest in selective referral to high-volume hospitals should include explicit efforts to identify the patient and system factors required to reduce current inequities regarding their use.
Abstract 500: Heat shock protein gp96 regulates LRP6-Wnt-Survivin pathway and myeloma progression
Authors: Yunpeng Hua, Shai White-Gilbertson, Joshua Kellner, Saleh Rachidi, Zihai Li, Bei Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell neoplasm whose pathogenesis is closely linked to dysregulated unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Constitutive activation of UPR in mice causes myeloma, as demonstrated by transgenic expression of a master UPR transcription factor XBP1s. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Heat shock protein gp96 (grp94) is an ER paralogue of the cytosolic HSP90 and its expression can be induced by the accumulation of misfolded proteins. As one of the most abundant proteins in the ER lumen, gp96 is a key downstream chaperone in the ER to mediate UPR. However, the roles of individual ER HSPs in plasma cell and myeloma have not been reported. In this study, we demonstrated that the persistence of plasma cells as well as the development of myeloma in XBP1s-transgenic mice is critically dependent on gp96 in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that gp96 silencing in human MM cells led to significant reduction of surface expression of Wnt coreceptor LRP6 and the downstream canonical Wnt signaling. gp96 knockdown causes severe compromise in MM cell growth which can be significantly rescued by GSK3β inhibitors. In the absence of gp96, MM cells undergo mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis which correlated with decreased expression of survivin, a downstream molecule of Wnt in controlling cell survival. This is the first study to uncover the critical roles of gp96 in the initiation and progression of multiple myeloma, suggesting that blockade of gp96 is a novel therapeutic strategy against multiple myeloma. Citation Format: Yunpeng Hua, Shai White-Gilbertson, Joshua Kellner, Saleh Rachidi, Zihai Li, Bei Liu. Heat shock protein gp96 regulates LRP6-Wnt-Survivin pathway and myeloma progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 500. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-500
Forssman expression on human erythrocytes: biochemical and genetic evidence of a new histo-blood group system
Authors: Lola Svensson, Annika K. Hult, Robert Stamps, Jonas Ångström, Susann Teneberg, Jill R. Storry, René Jørgensen, Lennart Rydberg, Stephen M. Henry, Martin L. Olsson
Journal: Blood (2012)
IgA class reticulin antibodies of human subtype in gluten sensitive enteropathy.
Authors: S Karpati, I Kosnai, E Torok
Journal: Gut (1990)

numerous calculi and showing fibrous thickening of their walls.The ducts were lined by normal and mildly to severely dysplastic biliary epithelium.Severe dysplasia was characterised by cellular crowding, stratified pleomorphic nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and a papillary surface (Figure ).No invasive carcinoma was identified.