tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lung Cancer Presenting as an Ankle Metastasis
Authors: R C McGarry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Figure 1. A 45-year-old man with a 70-pack-year history of smoking began to have pain and then swelling in his right foot and ankle. He had no history of trauma. The radiographic findings were inconclusive, and the chest film was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the foot showed a large enhancing lesion of the calcaneus (arrow in Panel A). A bone scan (Panel B) showed abnormalities in the right calcaneus and the right humerus consistent with the presence of a metastatic tumor. A needle biopsy of the calcaneus lesion showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; the results of immunohistochemical staining were consistent . . .
Endothelial Function of <i>von Hippel-Lindau</i> Tumor Suppressor Gene: Control of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Signaling
Authors: Kristen J. Champion, Maria Guinea, Vincent Dammai, Tien Hsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease results from germline and somatic mutations in the VHL tumor suppressor gene and is characterized by highly vascularized tumors. VHL mutations lead to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which up-regulates proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This pathway is therefore believed to underlie the hypervascular phenotypes of the VHL tumors. However, recent studies have identified novel VHL functions that are independent of the HIF-VEGF pathway. In addition, a potential role of VHL in the tumor microenvironment, which carries heterozygous VHL mutations in VHL patients, has been overlooked. Here, we report a novel HIF-independent VHL function in the endothelium. VHL knockdown in primary human microvascular endothelial cells caused defective turnover of surface fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor, increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, and ETS1 activation, leading to increased cell motility in response to FGF and three-dimensional cord formation in vitro. HIF-alpha knockdown in VHL loss-of-function endothelial cells does not impede their elevated in vitro angiogenic activity. Importantly, the elevated angiogenic response to FGF is recapitulated in Vhl-heterozygous mice. Thus, partial loss of function of VHL in endothelium may be a contributing factor in tumor angiogenesis through a HIF-VEGF-independent mechanism.
Hepatic Steatosis in Leptin-Deficient Mice Is Promoted by the PPARγ Target Gene Fsp27
Authors: Kimihiko Matsusue, Takashi Kusakabe, Takahiro Noguchi, Shouichi Takiguchi, Toshimitsu Suzuki, Shigeru Yamano, Frank J. Gonzalez
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2008)
NEURONITIS OF PREGNANCY WITHOUT VOMITING
Authors: John J. Maisel
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The etiology of neuronitis of pregnancy is still in question. Until recently, this condition was usually considered as being due to a toxemia associated with pregnancy. It is now generally believed, however, that it is caused by a deficiency in vitamins, such deficiency usually being attributed to the excessive vomiting that occurs among patients who develop the disease.  A review of the literature reveals the high incidence of vomiting in cases of neuronitis of pregnancy. Of the fifty-two cases, reports of which were collected by Berkwitz and Lufkin, 1 in only one was it specifically stated that vomiting had not been noted. Caffier, 2 Wilson and Garvey, 3 McGoogan, 4 Strauss and McDonald, 5 Luikart, 6 Lubin 7 and Gillespie 8 have all reported cases of this disease, and in each one of these severe vomiting occurred prior to the onset of neurologic symptoms. Vandel 9 has reported three cases
Abstract P2-17-01: The PI3K inhibitor GDC-0032 is selectively potent against PIK3CA mutant breast cancer cell lines and tumors
Authors: JJ Wallin, KA Edgar, J Guan, D Sampath, M Nannini, M Belvin, LS Friedman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Mutations in the phosphoinositide-3 kinase alpha isoform (PIK3CA) are frequent in breast cancer and activate the PI3K signaling pathway. We discovered GDC-0032, a selective, potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of PI3Ka with a Ki = 0.2nM, and with reduced inhibitory activity against PI3Kβ. This selectivity profile, and excellent pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutical properties, allowed for greater efficacy in vivo at the maximum tolerated dose relative to a pan Class I PI3K inhibitor in PIK3CA mutant xenografts. Notably, GDC-0032 preferentially inhibited PIK3CA mutant cells relative to cells with wild-type PI3K. GDC-0032 potently inhibits signal transduction downstream of PI3K and induces apoptosis at low concentrations in breast cancer cell lines and xenograft models that harbor PIK3CA mutations. The mutant-bias of GDC-0032 is linked to unique properties of GDC-0032, including cellular potency against the mutant isoform and reduction of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling. Endocrine therapies such as letrozole are commonly used treatment options for metastatic Hormone Receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer but many patients ultimately relapse. Due to the importance of PI3K in breast cancer, PI3K inhibitors such as GDC-0032 are attractive for combination with endocrine therapies. GDC-0032 was evaluated in breast cancer lines and models in combination with letrozole, and assayed for cellular viability, modulation of PI3K pathway, modulation of ER pathway markers, and apoptosis induction. The combination of GDC-0032 and letrozole decreased cellular viability and increased apoptosis relative to either single agent. We observed cross-talk between the PI3K and ER pathways that suggest a mechanism of action for the combination. In a secreted factor screen we found that multiple soluble factors render breast cancer cells non-responsive to letrozole. It was discovered that many of these factors signal through the PI3K pathway and GDC-0032 in combination with letrozole was able to overcome the growth inhibition caused by the soluble factor. We also established letrozole resistant cell lines that grow independently of any estrogen source. These letrozole resistant lines have elevated PI3K pathway signaling and are still sensitive to GDC-0032. Taken together, these data provide rationale for evaluating GDC-0032 in combination with endocrine therapies for ER+ breast cancer treatment in the clinic. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P2-17-01.
Reply to “Meiotic drive and myotonic dystrophy”
Authors: Nessa Carey, Keith Johnson, Pekka Nokelainen, Leena Peltonen, Maria-Liisa Savontaus, Vesa Juvonen, Maria Anvret, Ulla Grandell, Kokila Chotai, Elaine Robertson, Helen Middleton-Price, Sue Malcolm
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
The Spectrum of Cardiac Defects in the Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Types I and III
Authors: CARL V. LEIER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Nineteen patients with types I and III Ehlers-Danlos syndrome were hospitalized at our institution between 1973 and 1978. Chest roentgenogram, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram were done; 11 patients underwent cardiac catheterization. Thirty-five cardiac or great vessel abnormalities were detected. Fifteen patients had mitral valve prolapse; six also had tricuspid valve prolapse. Dilatation of the aortic root or ectasia of the sinuses of Valsalva, or both, occurred in six patients. Dilatation of the pulmonary artery and annulus caused pulmonary regurgitation in one patient. Congenital heart defects included bicuspid aortic valve (two), pulmonary valvular stenosis (one), ventricular septal defect (two), and an atrial septal defect (one). The apparent high prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities in hospitalized patients with types I and III Ehlers-Danlos syndrome necessitates a careful cardiovascular evaluation. Conversely, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome types I and III should be excluded in patients with mitral or tricuspid valve prolapse, great vessel dilatation, and congenital heart defects.
Hiatus Hernia-Reply
Authors: John A. McChesney
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It should be pointed out that the statement that "x-ray studies were not adequate and sometimes misleading," referred to the diagnosis of the presence or absence of peptic esophagitis per se, and not to any associated conditions, such as hiatal hernia. Perhaps it was not explicit enough. In our experience, x-ray studies alone would not usually have revealed the presence of this entity. Esophagoscopy was required to make the proper diagnosis. Our experience is shared by others, as is pointed out by Dr. Eddy D. Palmer in his textbook,<i>Clinical Gastroenterology</i>. On page 34 of the text, the following note is made: "Roentgenologic examination is not helpful for diagnosis of esophagitis but is invaluable for demonstration of associated disease, such as hiatus hernia, and of certain complications, particularly stricture." Later on in the same section of his textbook, Dr. Palmer makes the following statement: "Unless esophagoscopic examination
US drug companies battle over dyspepsia drugs
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The recent decision by the US Food and Drug Administration to approve several drugs for dyspepsia for sale over the counter has led to increased rivalry among drug manufacturers. Three products have now been approved for non-prescription use, and a fourth goes before the administration later this month.

Remedies for dyspepsia rank only just behind analgesics and preparations for use in common colds on the nation's pharmacy shelves. The first drug of its class to receive approval …
Renal Vein Thrombosis and Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: John L. Duffy
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We must take exception to the statements by Luft et al (234:1158, 1975) accepting renal vein thrombosis as a "well-recognized cause of nephrotic syndrome" and as a cause of a pathologic picture similar to "membranous glomerulonephropathy." Although thrombosis is not uncommonly associated with nephrotic syndrome, this temporal relationship should not be interpreted as indicating a causal relationship. More than likely, this relationship indicates that factors intrinsic to the pathobiology of the nephrotic syndrome are associated with increased thrombotic phenomena. There is no evidence available to support the view that renal vein thrombosis has ever preceded the development of membranous glomerulopathy in any of the case reports cited to support the contention that renal vein thrombosis is a cause of the nephrotic syndrome.
Telephone advice scheme criticised
Authors: L. McKee
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The BMA has criticised the government for “jumping the gun” with its decision to expand NHS Direct--the 24 hour, nurse led, telephone advice scheme--before the system has been fully evaluated.

One of the General Practitioners Committee's negotiators, Dr Hamish Meldrum, said that the BMA was concerned at the speed at which the government intended to roll out the scheme without proper assessment of its effects on local services, including accident and emergency services …
Adjunctive Intracardiac Echocardiography to Guide Slow Pathway Ablation in Human Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
Authors: Westby G. Fisher, Michael A. Pelini, Martin E. Bacon
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Because of the inability of fluoroscopy to image intracardiac structures, the precise anatomic location of successful slow pathway (SP) ablation is controversial. We hypothesized that adjunctive intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) in concert with conventional fluoroscopy and electrogram guidance could identify the anatomic site of successful SP ablation. Methods and Results In 25 patients, radiofrequency ablation was performed in the triangle of Koch directed by biplane fluoroscopy and a 6.2F, 12.5-MHz ICE catheter positioned adjacent to the triangle of Koch. Persistent SP conduction, number of radiofrequency applications, presence of junctional tachycardia, and fluoroscopy times were evaluated. As demonstrated by ICE, anterograde SP ablation was achieved between 2 and 7 mm from the tricuspid valve in imaging planes containing the AV muscular septum in all cases. Radiofrequency energy applications applied at other sites within the triangle of Koch failed to interrupt SP conduction. A mean of three radiofrequency energy applications (3±2; range, 1 to 12) successfully ablated all evidence of anterograde SP conduction in all patients studied. Junctional tachycardia was seen in 96% (71/74) of the radiofrequency energy applications. Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation at the tricuspid valve’s insertion into the AV muscular septum as identified by ICE reliably terminates anterograde SP conduction, supporting the hypothesis that the SP consistently traverses this anatomic location.
HIV testing should not be used to restrict access to UK, report says
Authors: D. Singh
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Testing migrants and asylum seekers for HIV at the point of entry into the United Kingdom to restrict access into the country and to medical services would achieve little more than to stigmatise HIV further, a report from the All-Party Parliamentary Group on AIDS said last week.

View this table:

Number of new cases of HIV infections in UK for which probable country of infection was an African country



If the government were to adopt such a policy, not only would it be in breach of international obligations and human rights, but there was no evidence that the policy would be effective in …
Catalogue of western manuscripts on medicine and science in the Wellcome Historical Medical Library. I: Mss. written before 1650 A.D.
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This magnificent catalogue makes available to scholars the details concerning early manuscript material reposing in the Wellcome Medical Historical Library. Approximately 1500 individual manuscripts are recorded, written wholly or in part before 1650, the earliest dating from about 1025 A.D. Most of these manuscripts were acquired by Sir Henry Wellcome, who was especially interested in the development of medical and scientific thought. The fact that the items here described comprise only about 15% of the total manuscript collections furnishes some indication of the immense range of the library's collections. The catalogue itself is extremely meticulous. Mr. Moorat, librarian of the Wellcome Library from 1931 to 1946, has furnished precise details concerning collation, script, binding, and other bibliographic data, and has paid special attention to content. The catalogue contains numerous indices in diverse categories that furnish a maximum of information. The work, beautifully published, is a must for all scholars who
Multiple Antibody Response to Repeated Transfusions
Authors: R. H. Malone, J. Cowen
Journal: BMJ (1950)

A patient suffering from osteosclerosis with extramedullary haematopoiesis and who had been transfused 20 times was found to have nine blood-group antibodies in her serum; these were anti-A, anti-B, anti-N, anti-S, anti-E, anti-Cw, anti-K, anti-Lea, and anti-Leb.Five of these antibodies are very rare.We wish to thank Dr. L. K. Diamond, of the Blood Grouping Laboratory, Boston, for making it possible for one of us (R. S.)
Me and My Fibroid
Authors: Rachel Toor
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hazel Margaret Finlay
Authors: L. Abbott
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Hazel Margaret Finlay, MB, BCh, BA, BAO, followed her mother, who trained as a nurse in the Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, into a caring profession. She graduated from Trinity College Dublin in 1956 and spent her first year after qualifying in the Route Hospital, Ballymoney, where she worked with Mr Charles Irwin, consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist. Subsequently, she took up posts in England—in the Kent and Sussex …
Use of telechelic cis-1,4-polyisoprene cationomers in the synthesis of antibacterial ionic polyurethanes and copolyurethanes bearing ammonium groups
Authors: Nasreddine Kébir, Irène Campistron, Albert Laguerre, Jean-François Pilard, Claude Bunel, Thierry Jouenne
Journal: Biomaterials (2007)
The Frequency of Dyslipidemia in Adults in Turkey
Authors: Aytekin Oğuz, Sadi Güleç, Ahmet Temizhan, Yüksel Altuntaş, Kubilay Karşıdağ, Ayşe Arzu Akalın, Burcu Tümerdem Çalık, Neşe İmeryüz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Immune reconstitution is preserved in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation coadministered with regulatory T cells for GVHD prevention
Authors: Aline Gaidot, Dan Avi Landau, Gaëlle Hélène Martin, Olivia Bonduelle, Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer, Diana Matheoud, Sylvie Grégoire, Claude Baillou, Béhazine Combadière, Eliane Piaggio, José Laurent Cohen
Journal: Blood (2010)
Observer Variation in the Endoscopic Diagnosis of Esophageal Varices
Authors: Harold O. Conn, Howard W. Smith, Murray Brodoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

DURING the past fifteen years esophagoscopy has become one of the standard technics for the diagnosis of esophageal varices.1 2 3 4 5 By virtue of its direct visualization of the esophagus, esophagoscopy is often considered to be the most reliable means of establishing the diagnosis of esophageal varices.1 , 2 , 5 A recent, objective comparison of esophagoscopic and radiologic examinations in the diagnosis of esophageal varices, however, demonstrated that these technics disagreed with each other in approximately a fourth of the patients studied.6 Furthermore, the 3 participating radiologists in that study differed with each other's interpretations in about 20 per cent of the cases, and with . . .
1030-137 Clinical presentation and outcome of tricuspid regurgitation due to flail leaflets
Authors: David Messika-Zeitoun, Helen Thomas, Michael Bellamy, Christopher Scott, Christophe Tribouilloy, Joseph Dearani, A.Jamil Tajik, Hartzell Schaff, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
External Iliac Artery Thrombosis
Authors: A. M. Boyd, R. P. Jepson
Journal: BMJ (1950)

ulceration are among the most obvious toxic signs, and their development, presumably due to interference with the growth of the lining epithelial cells, is an indication to withhold the drug.Haemorrhage is a special and serious problem and repeated blood transfusions may be neces- sary, but may prove ineffective.The cause of the bleed- ing is obscure; it has been claimed in thrombocytopenic purpura and in untreated leukaemia that the amount of heparin-like substances in the blood is increased (Allen, Bogardus, Jacobson, and Spurr, 1947).Whether additional changes occur as the result of giving aminopterin, other than the depression of platelet numbers, is uncertain. Indications and LimitationsIn view of the temporary nature of the remissions and the ultimately disappointing results of the use of folic-acid antagonists in human acute leukaemia, and of the very small therapeutic margin and extreme toxicity of the drugs, it may well be asked what, if any, should be the role of aminopterin or allied compounds in the treatment of acute leukaemia.Although our experience is small it has been large enough for initial enthusiasm to be tempered and for us to realize the serious limitations of our attempts at treatment.It is impossible to be enthusiastic ; the hopes of patients, parents, and doctors are raised only to be dashed by later experience.Nevertheless, that remission can be observed at all is remarkable, and it seems difficult to withhold the drugs, should they be available, just because relapse will inevitably follow remission, any more than transfusions can be with- held just because they also are temporary expedients.It is always possible, if improbable, that a particular patient may have a prolonged and really worth-while remission, and further experience and different schemes of dosages may produce better results.SummaryThe results of treatment of 13 cases of acute and subacute leukaemia in children and adults with the folic-acid antagonist aminopterin are reported.Clinical and haematological remissions were obtained in all of seven children treated, and in two of six adults.In those cases which responded there was a clinical return to normality and the peripheral blood was rendered normal, or almost normal, for varying periods.Although striking improve- ments were obtained in the bone marrows, leukaemic cells were never completely eradicated from them.All patients who originally benefited have relapsed, and have eventually died after becoming more or less refractory to treatment.The action of aminopterin in any given case is unpredictable and the toxic effects of the drug are severe.Great caution is necessary in its use.We are indebted to Professors A. Haddow and E. Boyland, of the Chester Beatty Institute, for supplies of aminopterin for the early cases, and to Lederle Laboratories Division,
Is fasting leptin associated with insulin resistance among nondiabetic individuals? The Miami Community Health Study.
Authors: R P Donahue, R J Prineas, R D Donahue, P Zimmet, J A Bean, M De Courten, G Collier, R B Goldberg, J S Skyler, N Schneiderman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Whether serum leptin levels are associated with insulin resistance independent of the effects of hyperinsulinemia and adiposity is an important unanswered question. We examined the relationship between the rate of insulin-mediated glucose uptake and serum leptin concentrations among nondiabetic men and women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed among 49 young to middle-aged men and women who participated in the Miami Community Health Study. All participants had measures of insulin resistance (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp), postchallenge insulin levels, fasting serum leptin levels, and several measures of adiposity. RESULTS: The rate of insulin-mediated glucose uptake (M in milligrams per kilogram per minute) was significantly associated with leptin concentrations in both men (r = -0.83; P &amp;lt; 0.001) and women (r = -0.59; P &amp;lt; 0.001). M was also inversely related to percent body fat and to the 2-h insulin area under the curve (AUC). After covariate adjustment for sex, percent body fat, and AUC, leptin remained a significant correlate of M (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectionally, leptin was significantly associated with insulin resistance in this nondiabetic sample of men and women. There may be a different physiological mechanism to explain the leptin/insulin resistance association apart from the insulin/adiposity link. Confirmatory evidence awaits the results of clinical trials.