tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Time for the single researcher impact factor
Authors: Gianluca Castelnuovo
Journal: BMJ (2008)

advocate, so when patients say they do not feel well enough to work, the GP is expected to support them.A fine principle perhaps, but clearly much abused.GPs say that advising on fitness to work is an area they are untrained for.Often, however, the issue is not a challenging medical decision; the patient has long since recovered (if there ever was any disease process), and they now have nothing medically important wrong with them.The argument therefore hinges on "ethics" and the distinction between giving patients what they want, or giving them what they and society need.For ethics to create such a conflict at a suggested cost to society of several billion pounds a year suggests a profound ethical muddle.As the General Medical Council holds the key responsibility for medical ethics in the United Kingdom, this suggests that it holds a trump card for the solution to a substantial percentage of sickness absence in the country.This was not made clear in the Black report, 2 but it is an area worth exploring further.
Immunologic and Coagulation Disorders in Chlorpromazine-Treated Patients
Authors: MOHAMMAD H. ZARRABI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

The prevalence of immunologic and coagulation disorders in 75 schizophrenic patients treated with chlorpromazine or other antipsychotic drugs was evaluated. Four groups were studied: Group A, chlorpromazine treatment for more than 2 1/2 years; Group B, chlorpromazine and other antipsychotic drug treatment for more than 2 1/2 years; Group C, chlorpromazine treatment for less than 2 1/2 years; Group D, no chlorpromazine, but other antipsychotic drug treatment. Significant elevation of serum IgM and prolongation of partial thromboplastin time were noted in patients who had long-term chlorpromazine treatment. The latter was caused by a circulating inhibitor resembling that seen with systemic lupus erythematosus. There was a significant correlation between the IgM level versus chlorpromazine dose or duration of treatment and the partial thromboplastin time versus chlorpromazine dose or duration of treatment. In Groups A and B, 63% had a positive antinuclear antibody test (greater than or equal to 1:80), 40% had antibodies to native DNA, and 58% had antibodies to nucleoprotein. These antibodies were negative in the other groups. The percentages of T lymphocytes were below normal in 13 of 41 patients treated with chlopromazine. Twenty of 42 patients in Groups A and B, and none of 28 in Groups C and D had splenomegaly. This study indicates that most patients on long-term chlorpromazine treatment develop one or more immunologic abnormalities.
Disseminated malignant phaeochromocytoma: localisation with iodine-131-labelled meta-iodobenzylguanidine.
Authors: H Sutton, P Wyeth, A P Allen, O A Thurtle, T K Hames, M I Cawley, D Ackery
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Meta-iodobenzylguanidine, a guanethidine analogue, is a newly synthesised substance capable of imaging the adrenal medulla. In a woman in whom phaeochromocytoma has been diagnosed iodine-131-labelled metaiodobenzylguanidine was given intravenously; gamma-camera images showed bilateral adrenal tumours and uptake corresponding to bone and liver metastases. 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine is effective in localising phaeochromocytomas, and the technique is safe, specific, and non-invasive.
Mortality Trends in Critical Access Hospitals
Authors: Ira S. Moscovice, Michelle M. Casey, Jeffrey S. McCullough
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Consultants' contract of 2003 is my biggest regret, Milburn says
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Alan Milburn’s biggest regret, as he looked back at his period as health secretary for England (1999 to 2003), was the 2003 consultants’ contract. Its defect, he told a London workshop on 26 February, was that it failed to provide the right incentives; consultants were rewarded regardless of merit, with no encouragement to move towards the very different systems of care that the 21st century required.

It was a claim that provoked no rebuttal at the workshop, entitled NHS@75 and organised by the consultancy firm PwC (formerly PricewaterhouseCoopers), perhaps because no hospital consultants were present. There was general agreement among those there—who included NHS managers, staff of the Nuffield Trust, politicians, and private sector representatives—that profound changes would be needed before 2023, when the NHS celebrated its 75th birthday, including new …
Public information needs after the poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko with polonium-210 in London: cross sectional telephone survey and qualitative analysis
Authors: G James Rubin, Lisa Page, Oliver Morgan, Richard J Pinder, Paul Riley, Stephani Hatch, Helen Maguire, Mike Catchpole, John Simpson, Simon Wessely
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<b>Objectives</b> To identify public perceptions of the risk to health after the poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko with polonium-210 (<sup>210</sup>Po) in London and to assess the impact of public health communications. <b>Design</b> Cross sectional telephone survey and qualitative interviews. <b>Setting</b> London, United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> 1000 people completed the cross sectional survey and 86 potentially exposed people completed the qualitative interviews. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Perception of risk to personal health after the <sup>210</sup>Po incident. Qualitative interviews were analysed with an emphasis on information needs. <b>Results</b> 11.7% of the survey sample (n=117) perceived their health to be at risk. Aside from personal variables the main predictors of perceived risk to health were believing that the incident was related to terrorism (odds ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 4.6) rather than to espionage, that it was targeted at the wider public rather than one person (5.9, 3.2 to 10.9), and that it could affect people who had not been in the contaminated area (3.2, 2.1 to 5.1). Participants in the qualitative interviews were generally satisfied with the information they had received, although they would have preferred more information about their individual risk of exposure, the results of their urine tests, and the health implications of the incident. <b>Conclusions</b> Perceptions of the public that the <sup>210</sup>Po incident in London in 2006 was related to espionage helped to reassure them that the risks to personal health were low. In the event of future incidents it is important to ensure that detailed, comprehensible information about the risks of any exposure is available.
Technology Assessment and the Fear of Litigation-Reply
Authors: H. David Banta
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Wizenberg expresses a concern that is widely held by our peers in clinical medicine about the impact of medical malpractice on clinical judgment. Indeed, malpractice litigation has been characterized as "the single most talked-about topic among physicians"<sup>1</sup>and "the most potent environmental factor currently affecting obstetricians and gynecologists."<sup>2</sup>As a result, physicians and others have argued that the legal system is fraught with too many lawsuits and too many large jury awards for plaintiffs. In an 11-state study reported on in 1989, however, it was found that few cases in obstetrics and gynecology actually go to a jury trial, and, in fact, plaintiffs usually do not win.<sup>3</sup>A small portion of obstetric and gynecologic cases result in a jury trial, and physicians win most of the time. When physicians lose, it is likely to be in situations that involve severe injuries and older, well-established
The Joints of Mammals Contrasted with those of Man
Authors: F. G. Parsons
Journal: BMJ (1899)

e Winternitz states that the patients perspire profusely while in th cabinets, and the rapidity with which the perspiration sets in is specially insisted on by him.He says that after five minutes' exposure to the electric lamps profuse perspiration begins although the temperature of the air in the cabinets is not more than 8IO P.KeUogg, of Battle Creek, U.S.A., made experiments with the same kind of apparatus in 1894, and arrived at the same results.He seems to have recognised that the effects noticed were mainly due to radiant heat, and compares the action of radiant heat from a source at a high temperature with that of the heat of lower grade which is employed in the hot room of a Turkish bath.Thus, he says the degreeof erspiration obtained with an air temperature of 850 F. in the electrc cabinet was equal to that produced in a rurkish bath at 0o60 F.
Protecting breast feeding from breast milk substitutes
Authors: A. Costello, H. S Sachdev
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Papers p 1117 

In all societies breast feeding is one of the most important measures to improve child health. An important component of the global effort to protect breast feeding is the WHO's international code of marketing of breast milk substitutes. In this week's issue an interagency group on breast feeding monitoring produces compelling evidence that the code is widely violated (p 1117).1

The World Health Organisation estimates that 1.5 million deaths a year could be prevented by effective breast feeding protection.2 A recent systematic review estimated that in a low income country with a postneonatal mortality rate of 90 per 1000 children, artificial feeding would produce an excess of postneonatal deaths per million births ranging from 11 290 (13%) to 112 900 (59%) at prevalences of artificial feeding at 6 months of 10% and 100% respectively.3 In the industrialised world a failure to breast feed increases the risk of childhood diseases,4 impairs child development,5 and may increase the risk of adult disease.6

The international code, devised in 1981, reaffirmed in 1996, and endorsed by the manufacturers, was developed to protect mothers and …
THE RÔLE OF THE PREMORBID PERSONALITY IN ARTERIOSCLEROTIC PSYCHOSES
Authors: DAVID ROTHSCHILD
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1944)

A study of the clinical-anatomic relationships in arteriosclerotic psychoses reveals numerous inconsistencies, which indicate that different persons vary greatly in their ability to withstand cerebral damage. The observations suggest that individuals who are in any way handicapped psychologically are highly vulnerable to arteriosclerotic psychoses. A considerable number of patients displayed inadequate and unstable personalities; less frequently, situational stress was noted. Such patients break down mentally in the face of damage which persons of a stable make-up could successfully withstand. Extensive cerebral changes may produce a psychosis in anyone, but the anatomic factor can be regarded as all-important in only a minority of the group. In the other cases, responsibility for the psychosis is shared by factors of personality.
Lysozyme from Bone?
Authors: Reubin Eisenstein, Klaus E. Kuettner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 October 1976Lysozyme from Bone?REUBIN EISENSTEIN, M.D., KLAUS E. KUETTNER, PH.D.REUBIN EISENSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KLAUS E. KUETTNER, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-4-537_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In a recent letter to this journal, Goldstein and colleagues (1) reported the occurrence of elevated serum lysozyme activity in hypercalcemic patients. Because increased serum lysozyme activity has previously been described in animals injected with either parathyroid extract (2) or vitamin D (3), and because we have encountered a similar phenomenon in man, we welcome this documentation in the literature.On the basis of experimental studies, the authors suggest that this may be due to the selective release of lysozyme from leukocytes caused by elevated concentrations of ionized calcium. This hypothesis is both reasonable and well founded....References1. GOLDSTEINHORNKAPLAN IJH: Hypercalcemia: a possible cause for elevated serum lysozyme levels. Ann Intern Med 84:445-446, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. WOLINSKYCOHN ID: Bone lysozyme: partial purification, properties, and depression of activity by parathyroid extract. Nature 210:413-414, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. EISENSTEINSORGENTEARSENIS RNC: Vitamin D effects on tissue and serum lysozyme. Arch Pathol 94:479-485, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. FLEMINGALLISON AV: Bacteriolytic substance (lysozyme) found in secretions and tissues. Br J Exp Pathol 3:252-260, 1922 Google Scholar5. KUETTNEREISENSTEINSORGENTE KRN: Lysozyme in calcifying tissues. Clin Orthop 112:316-339, 1975 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySynthesis and Transformations of Alkyl 1,5-Bis(dimethylamino)-3-oxopenta-1,4-diene-2,4-dicarboxylates. A Simple Synthesis of Dialkyl 1-Substituted 4-Oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxy-latesNitroimidazole Chemistry I: Synthetic MethodsLysozyme and HypercalcaemiaP. J. PHILLIPS, R. W. PAIN, J. LLOYD 1 October 1976Volume 85, Issue 4Page: 537-538KeywordsAttentionBoneCalciumLysozymeParathyroidVitamin D Issue Published: 1 October 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Intestinal Obstruction Due to Inspissated Barium
Authors: Mohamed A Kurer, Srinivas Chintapatla
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A 64-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis presented with abdominal pain. Plain radiography of the abdomen showed dilatation of the large bowel with a plug of barium (Panel A, arrow) and a second plug in the pelvis. The patient's last barium study, performed 9 months earlier, had been normal. Abdominal computed tomographic examination for strictures and underlying masses showed a short segment of thick-walled left colon immediately distal to the plug of barium in the abdomen (Panel B, arrow). The plug in the pelvis was found to be in the cecum and was not associated with small-bowel obstruction. The patient underwent . . .
Synergistic cytotoxicity of gemcitabine, clofarabine and edelfosine in lymphoma cell lines
Authors: B C Valdez, A R Zander, G Song, D Murray, Y Nieto, Y Li, R E Champlin, B S Andersson
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Treatments for lymphomas include gemcitabine (Gem) and clofarabine (Clo) which inhibit DNA synthesis. To improve their cytotoxicity, we studied their synergism with the alkyl phospholipid edelfosine (Ed). Exposure of the J45.01 and SUP-T1 (T-cell) and the OCI-LY10 (B-cell) lymphoma cell lines to IC10-IC20 levels of the drugs resulted in strong synergistic cytotoxicity for the 3-drug combination based on various assays of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Cell death correlated with increased phosphorylation of histone 2AX and KAP1, decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential, increased production of reactive oxygen species and release of pro-apoptotic factors. Caspase 8-negative I9.2 cells were considerably more resistant to [Gem+Clo+Ed] than caspase 8-positive cells. In all three cell lines [Gem+Clo+Ed] decreased the level of phosphorylation of the pro-survival protein AKT and activated the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) stress signaling pathway, which in J45.01 cells resulted in the phosphorylation and heterodimerization of the transcription factors ATF2 and c-Jun. The observed rational mechanism-based efficacy of [Gem+Clo+Ed] based on the synergistic convergence of several pro-death and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways in three very different cell backgrounds provides a powerful foundation for undertaking clinical trials of this drug combination for the treatment of lymphomas.
Sudan: eating dust and returning to dust
Authors: H. Veeken
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Gerhard Rose, one of Germany's most respected physicians, stood in the prisoner's dock at the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg, Germany, awaiting his sentence for "murders, tortures, and other atrocities committed in the name of medical science."Dr Rose, the department head for tropical medicine of the Robert Koch Institute, was on trial along with 22 of his medical colleagues, for perpetrating "ghastly" and "hideous" experiments on concentration camp prisoners during the war. 1 At one point in the trial when the chief prosecution witness, Dr Andrew C Ivy of the medical school of the University of Illinois, underscored the basic principle "that human experimental subjects must be volunteers," Dr Rose and his defence counsel vigorously objected, arguing that the United States was guilty of similar medical practices and giving several examples to support this contention.
Ineffectiveness of Intramuscularly Injected Factor VIII Concentrate in Two Hemophilic Patients
Authors: Judith Graham Pool, John Welton, William P. Creger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

PROPHYLACTIC therapy of hemophilia is handicapped by the short half-life of factor VIII in the circulation (eight to fifteen hours). However, even 1 per cent of the normal level probably confers some protection against spontaneous bleeding. The hope that intramuscular injection would be followed by continuous, slow release into the circulation prompted this clinical trial using the high-potency concentrate now routinely produced in blood banks.1 Reports on preparations for intramuscular injection appeared in 1945 for human beings and in 1957 for dogs, but the assay methods in the former, and the large injection volumes in the latter, make the results . . .
Experimental Clinic for Preventing Chronic Bronchitis
Authors: C. H. Wood, S. H. Meadows
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Mmxc.s Jouw, able for accurate control in the range 21%-40%.An electrical blower system is shown to be capable of controlling the inspired-oxygpn concentration with one standard deviation of 0.9% if the ventilation is less than 10 litres per minute.A simple oxygen mask of our design (authors' mask) is described, and shown to be capable of controlling the inspired-oxygen concentration with the same accuracy as the Venturi apparatus.This authors' mask should be very much cheaper than the Venturi apparatus.
SUGGESTIONS ON THE EXAMINATION OF THE EYES OF APPLICANTS FOR PENSION.
Authors: J. L. THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1884)

(Read before the Mitchell District Medical Society, Dec. 28, 1883.) In the examination of the eyes of applicants for pension, a more thorough knowledge of the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the organ is needed than in one's ordinary private practice, for the following reasons, to-wit: 1st. Many of them are impostors, who really have nothing abnormal about their eyes, they, in many Instances having been induced by pension agents to add eye disease to their many other real or supposed infirmities. 2d. Others have slight disease, or abnormal condition, which they greatly magnify. 3d. In others, disease may have at one time existed and now have disappeared; but once having been on the pension rolls, they dislike to have their names stricken therefrom. 4th. Many present themselves whose troubles originated prior to their enlistment, or subsequent to their discharge from the service. 5th. Others fancy themselves entitled to a
Ebola — An Ongoing Crisis
Authors: Lindsey R. Baden, Rupa Kanapathipillai, Edward W. Campion, Stephen Morrissey, Eric J. Rubin, Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

In March 2014, an outbreak of a febrile illness associated with a high case fatality rate was identified in the Gueckedou region of Guinea–Conakry, a remote part of West Africa. An international field investigation was initiated. On April 16, the Journal published a preliminary report identifying the outbreak as due to Ebola virus.1 The initial sequence data showed that the outbreak strain was Zaire ebolavirus, but a strain distinct from those identified in prior outbreaks, such as those in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Gabon. In Guinea there appeared to be ongoing human-to-human transmission. Over the next 4 . . .
Seeking Explanations for Secular Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality-Reply
Authors: William B. Kannel
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In Reply.—  Among those who have made a study of the issue, opinion is divided as to how much of the decline in cardiovascular mortality has resulted from an altered life-style and how much is a consequence of innovations in medical care. To provide a supportable answer, certain currently unavailable information is required. It is necessary to know whether the incidence (attack rate) has declined along with mortality; whether reinfarction rates have decreased; whether the ratio of sudden to nonsudden deaths has changed; and whether there has been a decrease in incidence of myocardial infarction following angina. Unfortunately, data on these points are sparse and inconsistent.  The case for either improved treatment or risk-factor modification is difficult to sustain. A substantial part of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality progresses from inapparent disease to death rather precipitously. Much of the premature coronary mortality comes on with little warning, in a population
Abstract 11040: Arthritis: Its Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Association with Cardiovascular Diseases in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008
Authors: Kwok Leung Ong, Ben J Wu, Bernard My Cheung, Philip J Barter, Kerry-Anne Rye
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Arthritis is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, there are limited studies on arthritis in a national representative sample. We therefore investigated the prevale...