tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Hospital Procedure Volume and Outcomes in Patients with Colon Cancer at High Risk for Recurrence
Authors: Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Paul J. Catalano, Deborah Schrag, John Z. Ayanian, Daniel G. Haller, Robert J. Mayer, John S. Macdonald, Al B. Benson, Charles S. Fuchs
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Background: Studies that use registry data have demonstrated superior long-term overall survival after curative surgical resection of colon cancer at hospitals where the volume of such surgeries is high. However, because such administrative data lack information on cancer recurrence, the true nature of this relation remains uncertain. Objective: To determine whether hospital procedure volume predicts long-term outcomes of colon cancer surgery. Design: Nested cohort study within a randomized clinical trial. Setting: Intergroup 0089 national adjuvant colon cancer study conducted between 1988 and 1992. Patients: 3161 patients with high-risk stage II and stage III colon cancer. Measurements: Overall survival and recurrence-free survival, by hospital procedure volume as defined by Medicare claims data. Results: With a median follow-up of 9.4 years, 5-year overall survival significantly differed across tertiles of hospital procedure volume (63.8% for patients who had resection at low-volume hospitals compared with 67.3% at high-volume hospitals; P = 0.04). After adjustment for other predictors of colon cancer outcome, the hazard ratio for overall mortality in patients treated at low-volume centers was 1.16 (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.32). However, the risk for cancer recurrence was not associated with hospital procedure volume. Five-year recurrence-free survival was 63.9% for patients who had resection at low-volume hospitals compared with 63.0% at high-volume hospitals (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.03 [CI, 0.89 to 1.18]). These findings did not materially change after stratification by other potential demographic and clinical predictors of outcome. Conclusions: According to prospectively recorded data from a large clinical trial, patients whose colon cancer was resected at low-volume hospitals experienced a higher risk for long-term mortality; however, this increased mortality was not attributable to differences in colon cancer recurrences.
Myositis Ossificans: A Problem of Terminology
Authors: Sheldon Berrol
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article, "Nontraumatic Myositis Ossificans in Healthy Individuals," by Samuelson and Coleman (235:1132, 1976) classifies ectopic calcification under the generic title of myositis ossificans. I believe there is need for a distinction in the nomenclature of ectopic ossification that would, if possible, signify known etiologic factors. The term myositis appears to identify the origin of the calcification as a result of inflammation within muscle tissue, and therefore, myositis ossificans progressiva and myositis ossificans traumatica appear to belong in this general category, as well as ossification resulting in burns. In that there does not appear to be a distinct inflammatory process of muscle involved in ectopic calcification associated with neuromuscular and chronic diseases, it would appear that the term "heterotopic ossification" more clearly delineates the possibility of a distinctly different cause and, additionally, appears to be more universally accepted in centers dealing with neuromuscular and chronic disorders. I
Localization of the membrane attack complex (MAC) in experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis.
Authors: D Koffler, G Biesecker, B Noble, G A Andres, A Martinez-Hernandez
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

The role of the membrane attack complex (MAC) as a mediator of renal tissue injury was evaluated in rats affected by bovine serum albumin (BSA)-induced immune complex glomerulonephritis. Immunofluorescence studies revealed concurrent deposits of IgG, BSA, C3, and the MAC along glomerular capillary walls, although the MAC manifested a more restricted distribution than that observed for immune complexes. Immunoelectron microscopic techniques were utilized to demonstrate immune complexes, C3, and the MAC within dense deposits in the subepithelial aspect of the basement membrane. Visceral epithelial foot processes were fused in areas overlying large dense deposits and exhibited intense staining for the MAC, lesser reactivity for C3 but IgG was absent from the foot process membranes. Smaller granular deposits of immune complexes, C3, and the MAC were observed in the subendothelial region of the lamina rara interna and the lamina densa. Immune complexes may activate the classical complement pathway causing diffuse injury to the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), allowing subepithelial accumulation of complexes. These observations implicate the MAC as a mediator of GBM and juxtaposed podocyte membrane injury, thereby contributing to disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier. IgG and C3 were demonstrated within tubulointerstitial regions on the surface of collagen fibers in close proximity to the tubular basement membrane (TBM) of proximal convoluted tubules. Within the TBM, C3 localization was prominent with diminished reactivity for the MAC, but IgG was not detectable. The demonstration of C3 and scant MAC deposits in the TBM of nonimmunized control rats without evidence of interstitial IgG and C3 deposits suggests that both nonimmune and immune processes play a role in the pathogenesis of extraglomerular lesions. Evidence derived from these morphologic studies indicates that the MAC is associated with injury to the GBM, foot process membranes of visceral epithelium, and the TBM. Further experiments designed to selectively enhance or inhibit the deposition of MAC and assess consequent renal dysfunction are required to substantiate hypotheses concerning the in vivo membranolytic potential of the MAC in experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis.
Activities of cathepsins B, D, H and L in rat heart atrial and ventricular muscle
Authors: P. H SUGDEN, A. LAZOU
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

Activities of four lysosomal proteolytic enzymes, namely cathepsins B, D, H and L are 1.8 to 2.8 times greater in atria of 360 g rats compared with ventricles. Activities of acid phosphatase and β-acetylglucosaminidase (both lysosomal enzymes) are not significantly different in atria and ventricles. Catheptic activities thus reflect the greater protein turnover rate in atria.
Arterial Ligation for Control of Colonic Diverticular Hemorrhage
Authors: James C. Gieske
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Massive diverticular hemorrhage in an elderly poor-risk woman was controlled by simple ligation of the feeding artery which had been clearly demonstrated by emergency mesenteric arteriography. Since the basic lesion is erosion of a single submucosal artery, mesenteric arteriography is advocated as a primary diagnostic tool in this clinical setting because it may provide the necessary localization which will permit simple ligation. Thus major or blind resection and multiple operations with inherent high risk may be avoided.
Cytogenetic markers, DNA single-strand breaks, urinary metabolites, and DNA repair rates in styrene-exposed lamination workers.
Authors: Pavel Vodicka, Jarno Tuimala, Rudolf Stetina, Rajiv Kumar, Paola Manini, Alessio Naccarati, Luciano Maestri, Ludmila Vodickova, Miroslava Kuricova, Hilkka Järventaus, Zuzana Majvaldova, Ari Hirvonen, Marcello Imbriani, Antonio Mutti, Lucia Migliore, Hannu Norppa, Kari Hemminki
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

The effect of occupational exposure to styrene on frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and binucleated cells with micronuclei and on single-strand break levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in 86 reinforced plastic workers and 42 control individuals (including 16 maintenance workers with intermittent, low-dose exposure). In these individuals, the irradiation-specific DNA repair rates and the repair rates of 8-oxoguanines were investigated. We assessed the exposure by measuring the concentrations of styrene in air and in blood and of mandelic acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, 4-vinyl phenol conjugates and regioisomeric phenyl hydroxyethyl mercapturic acids in urine. All these parameters correlated with one another. No clear relationship was found between the styrene exposure and the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations. Binucleated cells with micronuclei were moderately related to the parameters of styrene exposure. We found a negative correlation between all exposure parameters and single-strand breaks. The positive correlation between exposure parameters and DNA repair rates suggests that particular DNA repair pathways may be induced by styrene exposure.
Alfred Ian Douglas Prentice
Authors: J B Enticknap
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Former consultant pathologist Black Notley Hospital, Essex (q The London Hospital 1942; MC, MA, FRCPath), died from a heart attack on 30 August 2005.

Ian had a fine war record in the Royal Army Medical Corps, about which he was most reticent. He spent the major part of his career at Black Notley orthopaedic hospital. While there he made a number of contributions to the pathology of bone and the application of antibiotics. He was a great traveller and held several attachments to hospitals in distant parts of the globe. He was an early advocate of personal computing. He leaves a wife, Meg, and three children.
Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles shows increased cytotoxicity efficacy agains hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Luc Barraud, Philippe Merle, Emilienne Soma, Lydie Lefrancois, Sylviane Guerret, Michele Chevallier, Christine Dubernet, Patrick Couvreur, Christian Trepo, Ludmila Vitvitski
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Improve staff infrastructure
Authors: J. K Lewin
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The primary function of language is to communicate– that is, to make individuals reach a state of mutual understanding about a particular thought or idea. Accordingly, daily communication is truly a task of social coordination. Indeed, successful interactions require individuals to 1) track and adopt a partner9s perspective, and 2) continuously shift between the numerous elements relevant to the exchange. Here, we use a referential communication task to study the contributions of perspective-taking and executive function to effective communication in non-aphasic human patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Similar to previous work, the task was to identify a target object, embedded amongst an array of competitors, for an interlocutor. Results indicate that bvFTD patients are impaired relative to controls in selecting the optimal, precise response. Neuropsychological testing related this performance to mental set-shifting, but not to working memory or inhibition. Follow-up analyses indicated that some bvFTD patients perform equally well as controls, while a second, clinically-matched patient group performs significantly worse. Importantly, the neuropsychological profiles of these subgroups differed only in set-shifting. Finally, structural MRI imaging analyses related patient impairment to gray matter disease in orbitofrontal, medial prefrontal, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, all regions previously implicated in social cognition and overlapping those related to set-shifting. Complementary white matter analyses implicated uncinate fasciculus, which carries projections between orbitofrontal and temporal cortices. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that impaired referential communication in bvFTD is cognitively related to set-shifting, and anatomically related to a social-executive network including prefrontal cortices and uncinate fasciculus. <b>Significance Statement</b> While traditional models of language processing focus on single word and sentence comprehension, successful communication during conversational exchanges may involve additional executive resources and social perspective-taking. Here, we report a novel study of non-aphasic patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), who have documented deficits in social and executive function but relatively preserved language. Our findings demonstrate that patients with bvFTD have difficulty coordinating perspectives with a conversational partner in a referential communication task. Patient impairment was related to disease in a network of prefrontal regions associated with social functioning and mental set-shifting, highlighting the essential contribution of non-language brain regions to daily communication.
The Skin; a Handbook
Authors: John R. Haserick
Journal: JAMA (1962)

ABSTRACT Sutton's The Skin should be subtitled An Evening (or 2) with Richard Sutton. Suttonisms, which friends anticipate in his conversation, appear with delightful regularity, and the reader who is familiar with the author will doubly enjoy the identifying passages. Sutton puts the reader at ease, and his homespun (but not corny) style makes one want to continue reading.No one doubts Sutton's authority to write a book on clinical dermatology; he is eminently qualified to do so. Moreover, he has the ability to translate the dermatologist's cloudy jargon into clear, nonprofessional prose. This is a volume for both the intelligent layman and the nondermatologic physician, as well as the sophisticated dermatologist. There is much of real value—old and new—in this book.It is probably impossible to write a perfect text, but the errors in The Skin are minimal and few. How can we agree, for example, with Sutton's statement that
Trying To Let Go
Authors: David J. Costigan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

On Being a Doctor2 March 1999Trying To Let GoDavid J. Costigan, MDDavid J. Costigan, MDSt. Louis, MO 63128 (Costigan)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-5-199903020-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Just the other day, I was in an intensive care unit in St. Louis, Missouri, evaluating a patient for a gastrostomy tube. Apparently, the patient had suffered an in-hospital cardiac arrest. The nurse began to give me more of the details. “After a prolonged, 1- to 2-hour code. …” Then it happened again: My mind began to wander.It was 20 years ago in Philadelphia. I was a second-year resident in internal medicine, doing my training in a small community hospital affiliated with one of the area universities. I was only 28 years old. I had just lain down to ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Louis, MO 63128 (Costigan)Corresponding Author: David J. Costigan, MD, 10007 Kennerly Road, St. Louis, MO 63128. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSeeking Forgiveness Michael A. LaCombe Metrics Cited BySeeking ForgivenessMichael A. LaCombe, MD 2 March 1999Volume 130, Issue 5Page: 446KeywordsEmergency departmentHeartHospital medicineNursesOral contraceptive therapyResearch laboratoriesResuscitationShockSurgeonsThorax Issue Published: 2 March 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The arcuate nucleus mediates GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide-dependent weight loss
Authors: Anna Secher, Jacob Jelsing, Arian F. Baquero, Jacob Hecksher-Sørensen, Michael A. Cowley, Louise S. Dalbøge, Gitte Hansen, Kevin L. Grove, Charles Pyke, Kirsten Raun, Lauge Schäffer, Mads Tang-Christensen, Saurabh Verma, Brent M. Witgen, Niels Vrang, Lotte Bjerre Knudsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog marketed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Besides lowering blood glucose, liraglutide also reduces body weight. It is not fully understood how liraglutide induces weight loss or to what degree liraglutide acts directly in the brain. Here, we determined that liraglutide does not activate GLP-1-producing neurons in the hindbrain, and liraglutide-dependent body weight reduction in rats was independent of GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in the vagus nerve, area postrema, and paraventricular nucleus. Peripheral injection of fluorescently labeled liraglutide in mice revealed the presence of the drug in the circumventricular organs. Moreover, labeled liraglutide bound neurons within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and other discrete sites in the hypothalamus. GLP-1R was necessary for liraglutide uptake in the brain, as liraglutide binding was not seen in Glp1r(-/-) mice. In the ARC, liraglutide was internalized in neurons expressing proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART). Electrophysiological measurements of murine brain slices revealed that GLP-1 directly stimulates POMC/CART neurons and indirectly inhibits neurotransmission in neurons expressing neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) via GABA-dependent signaling. Collectively, our findings indicate that the GLP-1R on POMC/CART-expressing ARC neurons likely mediates liraglutide-induced weight loss.
Imaging: High Relaxivities and Strong Vascular Signal Enhancement for NaGdF<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles Designed for Dual MR/Optical Imaging (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 11/2013)
Authors: Rafik Naccache, Pascale Chevallier, Jean Lagueux, Yves Gossuin, Sophie Laurent, Luce Vander Elst, Cornelia Chilian, John A. Capobianco, Marc‐André Fortin
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Tripositive gadolinium-ion doped NIR-to-NIR upconverting paramagnetic nanoparticles are efficiently detected are NIR imaging techniques but can also provide efficient “positive” contrast in MRI. On page 1478 John A. Capobianco, Marc-André Fortin, and co-workers show that citrate-coated nanoparticles present the lowest relaxometric ratios reported for NaGdF4 nanoparticle suspensions. IV-injected nanoparticles evidence long blood retention times in mice while biodistribution studies show elimination through the reticuloendothelial and urinary systems.
Acute toxic gastric mucosal damage induced by Lugol's iodine spray during chromoendoscopy
Authors: A Sreedharan
Journal: Gut (2005)

Lugol’s solution, named after the French Physician JGA Lugol (1786–1851), has a high affinity for glycogen in non-keratinised squamous epithelium.1 Since the 1960s when Lugol’s iodine was first used to investigate oesophageal diseases,2 advances in the field of diagnostic endoscopy have resulted in its increasing use to detect early mucosal abnormalities and to target biopsies from unstained areas.3,4 We have been performing chromoendoscopy using Lugol’s solution for the last 10 years, carrying out 10–15 procedures every year. Here we report the first case of an acute toxic reaction affecting the gastric mucosa.

At gastroscopy of a 67 year old woman with reflux symptoms, a small nodule was noted at the gastro-oesophageal junction together with reflux oesophagitis (LA grade B). Biopsies from the nodule raised the …
Redox-responsive, reversibly-crosslinked thiolated cationic helical polypeptides for efficient siRNA encapsulation and delivery
Authors: Nan Zheng, Ziyuan Song, Yang Liu, Rujing Zhang, Ruoyan Zhang, Catherine Yao, Fatih M. Uckun, Lichen Yin, Jianjun Cheng
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Psychiatrist failed to follow guidance on interviewing child witnesses, GMC hears
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A consultant child psychiatrist failed in her duty as an expert witness in a case of suspected child sex abuse, a General Medical Council fitness to practise panel was told.

Diana Bazeley-White asked the 5 year old alleged victim leading questions that suggested she had been sexually abused, wrongly described the girl’s answers to a social worker on a previous occasion as “spontaneous,” and produced a report that provided no helpful evidence on the issues, the panel …
PEPFAR's commitment to country ownership and achieving an AIDS-free generation
Authors: Eric Goosby
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2013)

The Oct 17 Comment by Chris Collins and Chris Beyrer1Collins C Beyrer C Country ownership and the turning point for HIV/AIDS.Lancet Glob Health. 2013; 1: e319-e320Summary Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (17) Google Scholar raises several important challenges associated with strengthening country ownership and accelerating progress in the global HIV/AIDS response. Working together with our partners, the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) is firmly committed to help address these challenges as we take steps to enhance the sustainability of HIV/AIDS programmes. The goal of creating an AIDS-free generation is a shared responsibility, with partner countries in the lead convening role. At the same time, we absolutely agree that advancing country ownership and sustainability is a process, the pace and nature of which will vary on the basis of the unique circumstances in each country. For example, although some PEPFAR partner countries are already in a position to assume a larger role in funding their national HIV/AIDS response, others might continue to be heavily dependent on external support for the foreseeable future. Wherever countries stand on the country ownership continuum, PEPFAR remains committed to help advance and sustain the remarkable progress against HIV/AIDS achieved to date. This includes by ensuring that the HIV-related needs of vulnerable populations are met, and that civil society and other non-governmental voices participate energetically as country ownership takes root. I am the US Global AIDS Coordinator at PEPFAR.
Measurement of blood pressure in children: Authors' reply
Authors: M De Swiet, M J Dillon, W Littler, E O'Brien, P L Padfield, J C Petrie
Journal: BMJ (1989)

A further important point is that 20-30% of the population in the Paddington and North Kensington area is not registered with a general practitioner and would therefore not be included in any screen- ing programme that is based on the family practi- tioner committee register.This is a cause of some concern and necessitates the implementation of alternative strategies, which bear an additional cost.We also emphasise that the problem of cervical screening is not one of simply contacting women but of achieving a response.It is worrying that our study showed that even having received an invita- tion letter, a significant number, particularly of older women, chose not to attend for a smear test.In our health authority valuable resources have been spent in terms of time, money, and energy in implementing a particular screening system.We remain unconvinced that it is appropriate for inner London, and we would like to see the available resources put to more effective use in an attempt to make an impact on the incidence of cervical cancer locally.