tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Glycated haemoglobin (HbA <sub>1c</sub> ) monitoring
Authors: Timothy M Reynolds, W Stuart A Smellie, Patrick J Twomey
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<i>Glycation of haemoglobin to produce HbA<sub>1c</sub> occurs throughout the 120 day average lifespan of the red blood cell. Repeat testing in less than 120 days or situations that shorten this lifespan will produce HbA<sub>1c</sub> results that do not fully reflect current diabetic control</i>
Changes in plasma endothelin-1 and Big endothelin-1 induced by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites
Authors: Jean-Paul Martinet, Louis Legault, Peter Cernacek, Louise Roy, Michel-Pierre Dufresne, Laurent Spahr, Daphna Fenyves, Gilles Pomier-Layrargues
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)
THE MORBIDITY OF ENDEMIC GOITER
Authors: FREDERICK A. COLLER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

This short study is an attempt to emphasize the fact that all goiters are potentially dangerous and that most of them do, in fact, eventually produce not only symptoms but also definite pathologic lesions. Our knowledge of the physiology and pathology of the thyroid gland has been increasing so rapidly that, even with many basic physiologic truths yet to be discovered, we have at hand enough facts to enable us to deal in a fairly satisfactory manner with abnormalities of this gland. There is not at present an entire unanimity of opinion in regard to the classification of goiter, but the differences hinge largely on words rather than on essential facts, and the confusion that does exist is one of nomenclature and not of fundamentals. Because of this confusion, it will be advisable to set forth the classification used in this analysis of cases. I have followed Plummer's1 classification, which
Family Privacy and Death — Antigone, War, and Medical Research
Authors: George J. Annas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A patient's right to privacy ends with the patient's death, but the privacy rights of the surviving family members are less clear. Annas discusses recent court rulings that have broadened privacy rights to include the family of the deceased. An Icelandic court ruled that a daughter could prevent the inclusion of information about her deceased father in a genetics research database. Given that relatives share patients' DNA, issues of family privacy will be hotly debated as genetic testing becomes more common in research and clinical practice.
Insider view of rationing down under
Authors: T. M Agnew, M. W I Webster
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR —Bridgewater gave an outsider's view of the assessment and treatment of patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting in New Zealand,1 particularly since the introduction of a priority scoring system.2 Several points need clarification.

Firstly, his example of a 50 year old man with class II angina and triple vessel disease who scores 34 points is typical of many who would receive bypass surgery in other developed countries.3 Bridgewater commented that acceptance for surgery at our hospital in these circumstances …
Efficacy of long radiation treatment in native in-stent restenosis: a subanalysis from the RENO registry
Authors: Dietrich Baumgart, T. Limpijankit, P. Serruys, A. Colombo, S. Silber, E. Eeckhout, P. Urban, R. Bonan, A. Zeiher, A.H. Gershlick, G. Dangas, A.A. Lansky, R. Mehran, G.W. Stone, M.B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Trials sponsored by drug companies: review ordered
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A dispute between a medical researcher and her drug company sponsor has led Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children to commission an external review of how it monitors clinical trials sponsored by drug companies.

Scores of the hospital's scientists and researchers signed a petition calling for an independent inquiry into the dispute between Dr Nancy Olivieri and the Toronto based pharmaceutical company Apotex. As the hospital's review will not examine the dispute specifically many hospital staff remain dissatisfied with its action. The situation has raised public concerns about potential conflicts between research ethics and drug firms' needs for profits.

In 1995 Dr Olivieri agreed …
Evidence for two isozymes of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase in leukemic leukocytes
Authors: Donald M. Miller, Angela Yang, Marcia Liepman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) is a granulocyte enzyme whose level of expression is markedly altered in various disease states. We have characterized LAP from normal cells and leukemic cells with a high level of LAP activity in order to determine whether increased enzyme levels are caused by increased levels of the same enzyme or induction of a different alkaline phosphatase. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase was purified from normal granulocytes and from leukemic cells of a patient with chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) in blast phase with an elevated LAP level. LAP was partially purified utilizing diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)‐cellulose ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and preparative electrophoresis. The sample prepared from normal granulocytes contained a single protein with LAP activity having a molecular weight of 61,000 as determined by SDS gel electrophoresis. The sample from the CGL blast‐phase cells, however, demonstrated two proteins with alkaline phosphatase activity, one with a molecular weight of 61,000 (LAP s ) and one with a molecular weight of 45,000 (LAP f ). Differential heat inactivation and distinct isoelectric points of the two isozymes suggest that they are different proteins. We interpret our data to suggest two closely related LAP alleles whose expression is controlled independently. This may represent either genetic heterogeneity or induction of “tumor marker” gene expression.
Sex Determinants in Heart Disease
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Sex discrimination in myocardial infarction, which leaves in its wake many more widows than widowers, has yet to be explained. Because this discrimination ceases after the menopause, it was only logical to assume that ovarian hormones exert a protective effect. However, plausible as this assumption may be, it was never proved, nor did it receive support from observations on men who were taking estrogens for reasons unrelated to vascular disease. Their susceptibility to coronary thrombosis has increased, as has the susceptibility to thromboembolism in some women taking estrogenic oral contraceptives. While the role of ovarian hormones in protecting women from coronary heart disease had been awaiting clarification, some investigators turned their attention to another aspect of menarche—the natural "blood letting" of menstruation. Speculating that increased blood viscosity related to a high hematocrit may be a factor in coronary thrombosis, De Pasquale and Burch<sup>1</sup>suggested that the low incidence of
IgE Specific to Oxycodone Identified by ELISA Inhibition in a Young Woman with Symptoms of Anaphylaxis Following Oral Ingestion: First Case Report of Oxycodone-Mediated Anaphylaxis
Authors: Daniel A. Steigelman, David Rose, Robert Anthony Gomez, Tonya S. Rans
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy and autonomic neuropathy.
Authors: O Kawano, H Kohrogi, Y Ando, H Iwagoe, K Fujii, J Hamamoto, T Yamaguchi, H Okabe, M Ando
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

To investigate the role of autonomic regulation on airway reactivity, we performed bronchial inhalation tests of methacholine (MCh) and histamine (Hist) in Japanese patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) and autonomic neuropathy. First we examined the FEV1 and Raw in seven patients with FAP and in six normal subjects, then we administered aerosols of increasing concentrations of MCh (0.075 to 25 mg/ml) at about 5-min intervals via a nebulizer controlled by a dosimeter. We measured the FEV1 until either the concentration of MCh producing a 20% reduction from the basal value (PD20) or the maximal concentration was reached. Five of the seven patients with FAP showed bronchial hyperreactivity to MCh, and PD20 to MCh was significantly lower than that of the normal subjects (p < 0.01). Furthermore the PD20 tended to correlate inversely with the severity of autonomic neuropathy (p = 0.052). The bronchial hyperreactivity to MCh was completely blocked by pretreatment inhalation of ipratropium bromide, suggesting the muscarinic receptor-mediated mechanism. Of these five patients with hyperreactivity to MCh, three with low PD20 to MCh (< 50 units) did not respond to Hist, but two with high PD20 (> 50 units) to MCh did, suggesting different mechanisms of hyperreactivity to MCh and Hist in FAP. The PD20 to Hist significantly correlated inversely to the PD20 to MCh (p < 0.05). Histochemical examination revealed marked amyloid deposition in the vagus nerves and tracheal wall in an autopsied patient with FAP and severe autonomic symptoms. These data suggest that patients with FAP and advanced autonomic neuropathy have bronchial hyperreactivity to MCh and/or Hist, probably because of denervation supersensitivity resulting from amyloid deposition in the peripheral autonomic nerves of the airways.
Medical Men in Congress.
Authors: W. F. Wagner
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Washington, D. C., April 21, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —An item with the above title appears in the last issue ofThe Journal, April 21, under the head of "Medical Legislation." The author may not have intended to name therein all the medical men who are at present members of the Fifty-ninth Congress, in which event he succeeded; if it was intended to include them all, and this might be inferred from the title, the person who prepared the article was rather careless or did not have access to the Congressional Directory. In the last thirty years there has scarcely been a congress without more or less medical men, some having retired from active practice long before entering congress, while many have gone from the active practice of their profession to the highest legislative body in the land. One of the latter class—and he is not mentioned in this article—is
Seeking Shortage Solutions
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Phased Approach for Assessing Combined Effects from Multiple Stressors
Authors: Charles A. Menzie, Margaret M. MacDonell, Moiz Mumtaz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

We present a phased approach for evaluating the effects of physical, biological, chemical, and psychosocial stressors that may act in combination. Although a phased concept is common to many risk-based approaches, it has not been explicitly outlined for the assessment of combined effects of multiple stressors. The approach begins with the development of appropriate conceptual models and assessment end points. The approach then proceeds through a screening stage wherein stressors are evaluated with respect to their potential importance as contributors to risk. Stressors are considered individually or as a combination of independent factors with respect to one or more common assessment end points. As necessary, the approach then proceeds to consider interactions among stressors. We make a distinction between applications that begin with effects of concern (effects based) or with specific stressors (stressor based). We describe a number of tools for use within the phased approach. The methods profiled are ones that have been applied to yield results that can be communicated to a wide audience. The latter characteristic is considered especially important because multiple stressor problems usually involve exposures to communities or to ecologic regions with many stakeholders.
Is Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Improved by Physical Exercise?
Authors: Alvan L. Barach
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Recent studies of hemodynamic responses to physical training (PT) in patients with chronic lung disease have not reported improvement in circulatory efficiency; thus, maximal cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume were unchanged by PT.<sup>1</sup>The clinical improvement observed by Degre et al<sup>1</sup>was associated with an increase in the arterial blood Po<sub>2</sub>at rest; the principal favorable effects of training were interpreted as an increased ability to extract oxygen more thoroughly from the circulatory blood and a favorable change in the ventilation perfusion ratio. Their patients received oxygen nasally, 3 to 4 liters/min, during exercise "in order to prevent rhythm disturbances previously observed during exercise."<sup>1</sup> In another hemodynamic study of PT, Alpert et al<sup>2</sup>found that after PT training, heart rates were considerably decreased, but that cardiac output and stroke output were unchanged. They concluded that no improvement in cardiac function could be detected.
RISK FACTORS FOR MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS TREATED WITH THE INTERLEUKIN-6 RECEPTOR INHIBITOR TOCILIZUMAB
Authors: Vijay Udyavar Rao, Andrey Pavlov, Micki Klearman, David Musselman, Jon Giles, Joan M. Bathon, Naveed Sattar, Janet S. Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Hemodialysis in Myelomatosis
Authors: J. PAUL LOCK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters1 March 1973Hemodialysis in MyelomatosisJ. PAUL LOCK, M.D., GLORIA A. M. CASTRO, M.D., LIBERTO N. PECHET, M.D., L. MICHAEL SNYDER, M.D.J. PAUL LOCK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, GLORIA A. M. CASTRO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LIBERTO N. PECHET, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, L. MICHAEL SNYDER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-3-454_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Drs. Leech, Polesky, and Shapiro (1) recently reported on chronic hemodialysis as palliative therapy to prolong the useful life span of two patients with meyelomatosis presenting primarily as renal failure. We have recently successfully treated a patient with multiple myeloma with prolonged intermittent peritoneal dialysis for acute and chronic renal failure associated with hypercalcemia and hyperuricemia. The judicious use of peritoneal dialysis carried the patient through a critical period and allowed time for chemotherapy to be effective and the patient to enter remission.A 71-year-old man entered the hospital because of a history of 2 months of...References1. LEECHPOLESKYSHAPIRO SHF: Chronic hemodialysis in myelomatosis. Ann Intern Med 77:239-242, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar2. ALEXANIANHAUTKHAN RAA: Treatment for multiple myeloma. Combination chemotherapy with different melphalan dose regimens. JAMA 208:1680-1685, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BRYANHEALY CJ: Acute renal failure in multiple myeloma. Am J Med 33:128-133, 1968 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hematology Division St. Vincent Hospital University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEndstage Renal Failure due to Multiple Myeloma — Poor Survival on Peritoneal DialysisDialysis and Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma“LONG-TERM” SURVIVAL IN LIGHT-CHAIN MYELOMA WITH DIALYSIS THERAPY ALONEAcute renal failure in patients with multiple myelomaTreatment of multiple myelomaMalignant lymphoma with “myeloma kidney” acute renal failure 1 March 1973Volume 78, Issue 3Page: 454-454KeywordsChemotherapyHypercalcemiaMultiple myelomaPalliative carePeritoneal dialysisRenal failure Issue Published: 1 March 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity: Assessment of Late Left Ventricular Dysfunction By Radionuclide Cineangiography
Authors: John S. Gottdiener, Douglas J. Mathisen, Jeffrey S. Borer, Robert O. Bonow, Charles E. Myers, Louis H. Barr, David E. Schwartz, Stephen L. Bacharach, Michael V. Green, Steven A. Rosenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Radionuclide cineangiography was used to evaluate 32 patients who sustained long-term remission of soft tissue sarcoma after adjuvant therapy with a cumulative doxorubicin dose from 480 to 550 mg/m2 body surface area. Left ventricular ejection fraction at rest was below normal (less than 45%) in eight of 32 patients. The abnormal response of ejection fraction to exercise identified an additional 12 patients with diminished left ventricular functional reserve. Ejection fraction determined at rest or during exercise did not differ between patients studied an average of 5 months (range, 1 to 9 months) and those studied 30 months (range, 21 to 43 months) after completing doxorubicin treatment. Sequential studies in 13 patients, done 6 to 15 months after initial post-doxorubicin evaluation also showed persistent depression of average ejection fraction at rest and with exercise, with the continued deterioration of left ventricular function in six patients. Left ventricular dysfunction, evident in over half of asymptomatic patients even long after "acceptable" cumulative doses of doxorubicin, may persist for years.
Implementing national guidelines at local level
Authors: R. F Jankowski
Journal: BMJ (2001)

General practice p 1282

Both internationally and nationally, the introduction of clinical guidelines is seen as a means of improving healthcare outcomes and reducing costs.1 In the NHS primary care professionals, hospital trusts, and health authorities are becoming increasingly involved in disseminating, implementing, and evaluating local clinical guidelines. 2 3 Though evaluations of the most effective strategies by which to implement guidelines have been undertaken, 4 5 few studies have evaluated the impact of such guidelines on both patient outcomes and health service costs.

Two evaluations of similar sets of clinical guidelines on the management of infertile couples (one of them in this week's BMJ ) have now shown improvement in general practitioners' performance. Following the use of the guidelines their performance in obtaining the clinical history and performing appropriate examination and investigations before referring patients to hospital had improved (p 1282). 6 7 Compared with the earlier study in Aberdeen,7 the Glasgow study reported this week …
Human plasma epidermal growth factor/beta-urogastrone is associated with blood platelets.
Authors: Y Oka, D N Orth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) has previously been isolated from urine and probably is identical to human beta-urogastrone (hUG). Immunoreactive hEGF/UG has been found in the plasma of normal subjects. In this study, using immunoaffinity chromatography to extract hEGF/UG from plasma, we found that immunoreactive hEGF/UG in blood was associated with blood platelets. It was present in platelet-rich, but not platelet-poor plasma and serum, and was found predominantly in the platelet fraction of whole blood. Sephadex G-50 Fine gel-exclusion chromatography of an extract of outdated blood bank platelets revealed two hEGF/UG components, one of which eluted in the void volume, and the other of which coeluted with purified standard hEGF/UG. The former hEGF/UG component was a high-molecular weight form that was cleaved into hEGF/UG by incubation with either mouse EGF/UG-associated arginine esterase or trypsin. It appeared to be identical to the high-molecular weight hEGF/UG previously reported in human urine, except for its apparently equal activities in radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay. The latter hEGF/UG component was immunologically, biologically, and physiochemically indistinguishable from highly purified hEGF/UG from human urine and was immunologically different from purified human platelet-derived growth factor. Platelet-associated hEGF/UG may account for the mitogenic activity of serum in cell lines in which platelet-derived growth factor is not active. Since hEGF/UG appears to be liberated from platelets during coagulation, platelet-associated EGF/UG may be involved in normal vascular and tissue repair and in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic lesions. The discovery that the EGF/UG in plasma is associated with blood platelets raises important new possibilities for its role in human health and disease.
Cytokine Conditioning Enhances Systemic Delivery and Therapy of an Oncolytic Virus
Authors: Elizabeth Ilett, Timothy Kottke, Oliver Donnelly, Jill Thompson, Candice Willmon, Rosa Diaz, Shane Zaidi, Matt Coffey, Peter Selby, Kevin Harrington, Hardev Pandha, Alan Melcher, Richard Vile
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Optimum clinical protocols require systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses in the presence of an intact immune system. We show that preconditioning with immune modulators, or loading virus onto carrier cells ex vivo, enhances virus-mediated antitumor activity. Our early trials of systemic reovirus delivery showed that after infusion reovirus could be recovered from blood cells--but not from plasma--suggesting that rapid association with blood cells may protect virus from neutralizing antibody. We therefore postulated that stimulation of potential carrier cells directly in vivo before intravenous viral delivery would enhance delivery of cell-associated virus to tumor. We show that mobilization of the CD11b(+) cell compartment by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor immediately before intravenous reovirus, eliminated detectable tumor in mice with small B16 melanomas, and achieved highly significant therapy in mice bearing well-established tumors. Unexpectedly, cytokine conditioning therapy was most effective in the presence of preexisting neutralizing antibody. Consistent with this, reovirus bound by neutralizing antibody effectively accessed monocytes/macrophages and was handed off to tumor cells. Thus, preconditioning with cytokine stimulated recipient cells in vivo for enhanced viral delivery to tumors. Moreover, preexisting neutralizing antibody to an oncolytic virus may, therefore, even be exploited for systemic delivery to tumors in the clinic.