tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Declining Air Lead Levels on Blood Lead–Air Lead Slope Factors in Children
Authors: Jennifer Richmond-Bryant, Qingyu Meng, Allen Davis, Jonathan Cohen, Shou-En Lu, David Svendsgaard, James S. Brown, Lauren Tuttle, Heidi Hubbard, Joann Rice, Ellen Kirrane, Lisa C. Vinikoor-Imler, Dennis Kotchmar, Erin P. Hines, Mary Ross
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Background: It is difficult to discern the proportion of blood lead (PbB) attributable to ambient air lead (PbA), given the multitude of lead (Pb) sources and pathways of exposure. The PbB–PbA relationship has previously been evaluated across populations. This relationship was a central consideration in the 2008 review of the Pb national ambient air quality standards.Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between PbB and PbA concentrations among children nationwide for recent years and to compare the relationship with those obtained from other studies in the literature.Methods: We merged participant-level data for PbB from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) and NHANES 9908 (1999–2008) with PbA data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We applied mixed-effects models, and we computed slope factor, d[PbB]/d[PbA] or the change in PbB per unit change in PbA, from the model results to assess the relationship between PbB and PbA.Results: Comparing the NHANES regression results with those from the literature shows that slope factor increased with decreasing PbA among children 0–11 years of age.Conclusion: These findings suggest that a larger relative public health benefit may be derived among children from decreases in PbA at low PbA exposures. Simultaneous declines in Pb from other sources, changes in PbA sampling uncertainties over time largely related to changes in the size distribution of Pb-bearing particulate matter, and limitations regarding sampling size and exposure error may contribute to the variability in slope factor observed across peer-reviewed studies.Citation: Richmond-Bryant J, Meng Q, Davis A, Cohen J, Lu SE, Svendsgaard D, Brown JS, Tuttle L, Hubbard H, Rice J, Kirrane E, Vinikoor-Imler LC, Kotchmar D, Hines EP, Ross M. 2014. The Influence of declining air lead levels on blood lead–air lead slope factors in children. Environ Health Perspect 122:754–760; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307072
Thalidomide inhibits tumor necrosis factor ?, decreases nitric oxide synthesis, and ameliorates the hyperdynamic circulatory syndrome in portal-hypertensive rats
Authors: J C Lopez-Talavera, G Cadelina, J Olchowski, W Merrill, R J Groszmann
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

A hyperdynamic circulatory state frequently is observed in portal hypertension with liver failure or extensive portal-systemic shunting. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) causes marked hypotension in mammals by inducing nitric oxide synthesis and has been shown to play a role in the development of the hemodynamic changes observed in portal hypertension. Thalidomide selectively inhibits TNF production by enhancing messenger RNA degradation. We investigated the systemic and portal hemodynamic effects of thalidomide in a prehepatic model of portal hypertension and evaluated whether suppressing TNF synthesis decreases NO production. Portal hypertension was induced by partial ligation of the portal vein (PVL). Animals received thalidomide (T) (50 mg/kg/d) + water or water alone (W), orally, daily for 2 days before and 13 days after PVL operation, at which time hemodynamic studies were performed and TNF plasma levels were obtained. Sham-operated animals were studied identically. In an additional group of PVL animals, 24-hour urinary excretion of NO2- and NO3- was measured during treatment. PVL animals receiving T presented with a significantly higher mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance and significantly lower portal pressure, TNF plasma levels, and 24-hour urinary excretion of NO2- and NO3-, in comparison with rats receiving W. A significant correlation (r = -0.61) was observed between TNF plasma levels and mean arterial pressure among PVL animals. Thalidomide did not have any significant effects on sham rats. Thalidomide inhibits TNF synthesis and reduces NO production, blunts the development of the hyperdynamic circulation, and decreases portal pressure in PVL-operated rats.
Adiponectin is markedly increased in patients with nephrotic syndrome and is related to metabolic risk factors
Authors: Carmine Zoccali, Francesca Mallamaci, Vincenzo Panuccio, Giovanni Tripepi, Sebastiano Cutrupi, Saverio Parlongo, Francesco Catalano, Sachiyo Tanaka, Noriyuki Ouchi, Shinji Kihara, Tohru Funahashi, Yuji Matsuzawa
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
MULTIPLE DIVERTICULA OF SMALL INTESTINE
Authors: John R. Boling
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Rothschild,<sup>1</sup>in 1925, collected thirty-three case reports of diverticula of the jejunum, from articles by Balfour, Helvestine,<sup>2</sup>Watson and others. Of this number, nineteen were multiple, only ten of which were discovered at operation. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> J. C. H., a white man, aged 58, a farmer, was admitted to the hospital on the morning of Nov. 9, 1929. The past history was of no interest, except that for the past three years he had had some indigestion, with several mild attacks of general abdominal pain of the cramping type, lasting for a day or two. None of these attacks were severe enough to confine him to bed. His present illness began forty-eight hours before admittance to the hospital, with pain in the epigastrium, and with nausea and vomiting. The pain was of a cramping type. This attack lasted a few hours. The patient took a cathartic and
New Anti–Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Gene Therapy Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Knockout Mice
Authors: Weihua Ni, Kensuke Egashira, Shiro Kitamoto, Chu Kataoka, Masamichi Koyanagi, Shujiro Inoue, Katsumi Imaizumi, Chiyuki Akiyama, Ken-ichi Nishida, Akira Takeshita
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Monocyte recruitment into the arterial wall and its activation may be the central event in atherogenesis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is an important chemokine for monocyte recruitment, and its receptor (CCR2) may mediate such in vivo response. Although the importance of the MCP-1/CCR2 pathway in atherogenesis has been clarified, it remains unanswered whether postnatal blockade of the MCP-1 signals could be a unique site-specific gene therapy. Methods and Results —We devised a new strategy for anti–MCP-1 gene therapy to treat atherosclerosis by transfecting an N-terminal deletion mutant of the human MCP-1 gene into a remote organ (skeletal muscle) in apolipoprotein E–knockout mice. This strategy effectively blocked MCP-1 activity and inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic lesions but had no effect on serum lipid concentrations. Furthermore, this strategy increased the lesional extracellular matrix content. Conclusions —We conclude that this anti–MCP-1 gene therapy may serve not only to reduce atherogenesis but also to stabilize vulnerable atheromatous plaques. This strategy may be a useful and feasible form of gene therapy against atherosclerosis in humans.
Implementation of recommendations for the care of children in UK emergency departments: national postal questionnaire survey
Authors: R Salter, I K Maconochie
Journal: BMJ (2004)

In June 1999 an intercollegiate working party of Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, British Association of Accident and Emergency Medicine (BAEM), British Association of Paediatric Surgeons, Faculty of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Royal College of Nursing (RCN), and Royal College of General Practitioners was established. Terms of reference were to review emergency services for children and to make recommendations for future provision of these services. The subsequent report— Accident and Emergency Services for Children (AESC)—made 32 recommendations (representing minimum levels of care), to be implemented by 2004.1

We sent questionnaires to lead emergency doctors (listed in the BAEM's directory of 2001-2) between Oct 2003 and Jan 2004 about the recommendations. Nonresponders were re-sent the questionnaire.

Of 219 departments with inpatient paediatric facilities,2 139 (63%) replied (table). In all, 47 (34%) of replying hospitals saw more than 18 000 children annually; 41 (87%) …
CROSS VALIDATION OF NT-PROBNP AS A PREDICTOR OF CARDIAC TRANSPLANT IN CHILDREN WITH DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Paolo G. Rusconi, David A. Ludwig, Satinder Sandhu, Maria Marin, Christopher Ratnasamy, William H. Harmon, Gabriela Lopez-Mitnik, Steven E. Lipshultz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Review: Omega-3 fatty acid supplements provide no protective benefit in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Sharif A. Halim, L. Kristin Newby
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Source Citation Kwak SM, Myung SK, Lee YJ, Seo HG; Korean Meta-analysis Study Group. Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplements (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:686-94.
Hypomorphism for RPGRIP1L, a Ciliary Gene Vicinal to the FTO Locus, Causes Increased Adiposity in Mice
Authors: George Stratigopoulos, Jayne F. Martin Carli, Diana R. O’Day, Liheng Wang, Charles A. LeDuc, Patricia Lanzano, Wendy K. Chung, Michael Rosenbaum, Dieter Egli, Daniel A. Doherty, Rudolph L. Leibel
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)
The Meaning of Authorship
Authors: Gary Michael Smith
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —As managing editor of<i>Hypertension</i>, I frequently request justification for authorship.1 Often, a corresponding author submits names to appear in the list of authors with an explanation of their substantive contribution that alerts me that it may be more appropriate for some individuals to be included in the acknowledgments. In my correspondence to the lead author, I can only suggest that holding the door open while rats are brought into the laboratory does not constitute authorship. Although this analogy may be an exaggeration, my point is that standardization of authorship criteria is long overdue. I can appreciate the detail of<i>JAMA</i>'s authorship statement, which must be signed by all authors.<sup>1</sup>For our journal, we request in our 2300+-word guidelines that authors "conform to 'Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals,'''<sup>2</sup>and I include the following reminder in my letter acknowledging receipt: Additionally, in an effort to
Sodium Nitrofurantoin Administered Intravenously
Authors: Arthur Halliday, Ernest Jawetz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

NITROFURANTOIN is widely given by mouth for the treatment of bacterial infections of the urinary tract. After ingestion the drug is readily absorbed and excreted largely in the urine. The resulting high drug levels in urine are inhibitory or bactericidal for a majority of bacteria commonly found in urinary-tract infections.1 With daily doses of 600 mg. urinary concentrations of nitrofurantoin may reach 240 microgm. per milliliter determined as antibacterial activity against test micro-organisms.2 However, there is no antibacterial activity in serum or plasma, perhaps because the drug is firmly bound to blood protein.2 , 3 In spite of a few reports to . . .
Advances Seen in Mood Disorders Research
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (2006)

clinical research rather than basic and “translational” research. Translational research falls between basic and commercially relevant research—for example, testing in human tissue whether a particular molecular pathway is relevant to a disease. “It’s the critical step that’s the most vulnerable,” said Moses. Woolley and Propst reported that individuals in the United States rate research as a high national priority, and they support greater investment by public and private funders (Woolley M and Propst SM. JAMA. 2005;294:13801384). Given this support, said Woolley, the proportion of the entire health budget devoted to health research should be more than the current 5.5%. “It doesn’t make sense to people that you would put less than 6 cents of the dollar toward your future, in this case the future of health,” she said. Despite such concerns, Moses noted that the funding situation is not dire. While NIH support may not be keeping up with inflation, “there’s still more than $110 billion going to biomedical research. It’s a tremendous amount of money, so to say that the barn is burning is probably not accurate.” The more important issue may be how the money is spent, added Moses. “The challenge for science in biomedicine today is productivity—to get more out for what goes in.” To achieve that, academic and NIH science should be brought together with industry science, he said. The good news is that new kinds of interactions and collaborations are occurring as companies and universities show greater flexibility, said Moses.
A simplified parameter of LV function in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: P. SEKELJ, S. VIRMANI, G. COLLINS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Myocardial state in children with various congenital anomalies was assessed using pressured-derived parameters; Vmax and Vpm. A simple approach, based on the relationship between peak value of the first derivative of the left ventricular isovolumic pressure and its associated total pressure, for identifying patients with impaired myocardial function is described.
Studies on the Relation of Pituitary-Adrenal Function to Rheumatic Disease
Authors: George W. Thorn, Theodore B. Bayles, Benedict F. Massell, Peter H. Forsham, S. Richardson Hill, Stephen Smith, Joseph E. Warren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

DURING the past few years it has become increasingly evident that the adrenal cortical hormones exert a marked influence on a wide variety of metabolic processes in man. The over-all effects exerted by these hormones may be divided into three general groups: an electrolyte-regulating effect; the regulation of the rate of utilization of carbohydrate, protein and fat; and an androgenic and anabolic effect.Nature of Adrenal Cortical Activity Electrolyte-Regulating Effect of Adrenal Cortical Steroids This is characterized by urinary retention of sodium and chloride, increased excretion of potassium, increased plasma and extracellular fluid volume.1 It has also been shown that . . .
The effect of increased salt intake on blood pressure of chimpanzees
Authors: Derek Denton, Richard Weisinger, Nicholas I. Mundy, E. Jean Wickings, Alan Dixson, Pierre Moisson, Anne Marie Pingard, Robert Shade, D. Carey, Raymond Ardaillou, Françhise Paillard, John Chapman, Joelle Thillet, Jean Baptiste Michel
Journal: Nature Medicine (1995)
Temporal Trends in the Prevalence of Diabetic Kidney Disease in the United States
Authors: Ian H. de Boer, Tessa C. Rue, Yoshio N. Hall, Patrick J. Heagerty, Noel S. Weiss, Jonathan Himmelfarb
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney disease in the developed world. Over time, the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) may increase due to the expanding size of the diabetes population or decrease due to the implementation of diabetes therapies.To define temporal changes in DKD prevalence in the United States.Cross-sectional analyses of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) from 1988-1994 (N = 15,073), NHANES 1999-2004 (N = 13,045), and NHANES 2005-2008 (N = 9588). Participants with diabetes were defined by levels of hemoglobin A(1c) of 6.5% or greater, use of glucose-lowering medications, or both (n = 1431 in NHANES III; n = 1443 in NHANES 1999-2004; n = 1280 in NHANES 2005-2008).Diabetic kidney disease was defined as diabetes with albuminuria (ratio of urine albumin to creatinine ≥30 mg/g), impaired glomerular filtration rate (<60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula), or both. Prevalence of albuminuria was adjusted to estimate persistent albuminuria.The prevalence of DKD in the US population was 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8%-2.6%) in NHANES III, 2.8% (95% CI, 2.4%-3.1%) in NHANES 1999-2004, and 3.3% (95% CI, 2.8%-3.7%) in NHANES 2005-2008 (P <.001 for trend). The prevalence of DKD increased in direct proportion to the prevalence of diabetes, without a change in the prevalence of DKD among those with diabetes. Among persons with diabetes, use of glucose-lowering medications increased from 56.2% (95% CI, 52.1%-60.4%) in NHANES III to 74.2% (95% CI, 70.4%-78.0%) in NHANES 2005-2008 (P <.001); use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors increased from 11.2% (95% CI, 9.0%-13.4%) to 40.6% (95% CI, 37.2%-43.9%), respectively (P <.001); the prevalence of impaired glomerular filtration rate increased from 14.9% (95% CI, 12.1%-17.8%) to 17.7% (95% CI, 15.2%-20.2%), respectively (P = .03); and the prevalence of albuminuria decreased from 27.3% (95% CI, 22.0%-32.7%) to 23.7% (95% CI, 19.3%-28.0%), respectively, but this was not statistically significant (P = .07).Prevalence of DKD in the United States increased from 1988 to 2008 in proportion to the prevalence of diabetes. Among persons with diabetes, prevalence of DKD was stable despite increased use of glucose-lowering medications and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.
Diverse Causes of Hypoglycemia-Associated Autonomic Failure in Diabetes
Authors: Philip E Cryer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

This review explains our current understanding of the syndromes of defective glucose counterregulation and hypoglycemia unawareness in persons with diabetes. The physiologic defenses against hypoglycemia — the glucagon and epinephrine responses — are compromised in most people with type 1 diabetes and in many with advanced type 2 diabetes. In addition to hypoglycemia, exercise and sleep are causes of autonomic failure that must be recognized and require changes in the management of diabetes.
Value of ultrasonic measurement of spinal canal diameter in general practice.
Authors: J N Drinkall, R W Porter, C S Hibbert, C Evans
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The diameter of the spinal canal was measured by ultrasonic scanning in 193 patients with back pain and 193 matched controls. The spinal canal was found to be significantly narrower in the patients compared with all 193 controls (p less than 0.01) and compared with 132 of the controls with no history of back pain (p less than 0.001), but measurement of canal size was found not to have any value in the prognosis or management of back pain in general practice.
Operative Morbidity and Mortality in Renovascular Disease
Authors: Stanley S. Franklin
Journal: JAMA (1975)

There were 104 major complications (13.1%) and 34 deaths (5.9%) among 502 patients with evidence of renovascular, disease who underwent 577 operative procedures. The operative mortality rate in patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease was 9.3% vs 3.4% with fibromuscular hyperplasia. Important determinants of renovascular operative mortality are (1) cause of disease, (2) presence of coronary artery disease, (3) presence of bilateral renal functional impairment, (4) the complexity of the renal operative procedure, and (5) concurrent extrarenal surgery. (<i>JAMA</i>231:1148-1153, 1975)
Reply to E.A. Rakha et al
Authors: Antonio C. Wolff, M. Elizabeth H. Hammond, David G. Hicks, Kimberly H. Allison, John M.S. Bartlett, Michael Bilous, Patrick Fitzgibbons, Wedad Hanna, Robert B. Jenkins, Pamela B. Mangu, Soonmyung Paik, Edith A. Perez, Michael F. Press, Patricia A. Spears, Gail H. Vance, Giuseppe Viale, Mitch Dowsett, Lisa M. McShane, Daniel F. Hayes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)
Abstract 3597: Association between the ABCG2 polymorphisms and the gefitinib-induced side effects in Japanese patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yasuo Imai, Keiichi Akasaka, Takayuki Kaburagi, Johji Imura, Yoshihiko Ueda
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract ABCG2 is a half-size ATP-binding cassette transporter implicated in cellular gefitinib transport. Reportedly, the c.421C&amp;gt;A ABCG2 gene variant was associated with gefitinib-induced diarrhea in Caucasian patients with non-small cell lung cancer. c.421C&amp;gt;A ABCG2, resulting in p.Q141K substitution, is more prevalent in Asian populations. Therefore, the putative relationship between gefitinib-induced adverse effects and this functional polymorphism was investigated in 75 Japanese patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with gefitinib 250 mg/d orally, and the results were correlated with treatment-related adverse effects. c.376 C&amp;gt;T, resulting in truncated, non-functional ABCG2, was also investigated. Forty one (54.7%) patients harbored 376T or 421A ABCG2 on at least one allele, while the remaining 34 (45.3%) were wild type for ABCG2. No significant group differences were observed in frequency of gefitinib-related diarrhea or other adverse effects. Next, DLD-1 colon cancer cells expressing wild-type (DLD-1/WT) or 141K mutant ABCG2 (DLD-1/Q141K) were established for investigation of in-vitro cell sensitivity to the ABCG2-substrate drugs, gefitinib and SN-38. ABCG2 expression was much lower in DLD-1/Q141K cells than in DLD-1/WT cells, despite similar ABCG2 mRNA levels. DLD-1/WT cells acquired more resistance to SN-38 than did DLD-1/Q141K cells, but neither cell line acquired gefitinib resistance compared with parental cells. In-vitro data also suggested that ABCG2 has only a limited role in toxicity of gefitinib, but not SN-38, in colon-derived cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3597.
Occurrence of Factor VIII-related antigen positive cells in perivascular infiltrates of venous stasis dermatitis
Authors: J. T. BERANEK, B. L. HSI, J. P. ORTONNE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Occurrence of Factor VIII‐related antigen positive cells in perivascular infiltrates of venous stasis dermatitis Get access J. T. BERANEK, J. T. BERANEK Unité 210 INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, Chemin de Vallombrose, 06034 Nice Cédex, France Dr J. T. Beranek, Unité 210 INSERM, Faculté de Médécine, 06034 Nice Cédex, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. L. HSI, B. L. HSI Unité 210 INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, Chemin de Vallombrose, 06034 Nice Cédex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. P. ORTONNE J. P. ORTONNE Department of Dermatology, Faculté de Médecine, Chemin de Vallombrose, 06034 Nice Cédex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue s28, 1 July 1985, Pages 128–132, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb15641.x Published: 01 July 1985