tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Textbook of Clinical Pathology
Authors: Seward Elmore Miller
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum to “A Randomised Controlled Trial of Fesoterodine in Subjects With Overactive Bladder and Suboptimal Response to Tolterodine Extended Release: Results From the AFTER Study” [Eur Urol Suppl 2013;2012:e740]
Authors: Linda Cardozo, Steven Kaplan, Sender Herschorn, Lars Grenabo, Martin Carlsson, Daniel Arumi, Tim J. Crook, Laurence Whelan, Fady Ntanios
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Mortality and Other Studies Questioning the Evidence for and Value of Routine Anticoagulant Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: SIDNEY SCHNUR
Journal: Circulation (1953)

This study of 1350 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to several hospitals during a 10-year period attempts to answer several questions currently in dispute: the correlation of the patient's condition on admission with the mortality rate, the relation of the patient's age to prognosis, and the value of routine anticoagulant therapy. It presents the major statistical objections to the study by the Committee for the Evaluation of Anticoagulants of the American Heart Association, questions the evidence upon which the Committee made its recommendations and concludes that incontrovertible proof of the advantages of routine anticoagulant therapy in patients mildly ill on admission to the hospital has not been presented thus far.
Target Dyspnea Ratings Predict Expected Oxygen Consumption as Well as Target Heart Rate Values
Authors: ROBERTO MEJIA, JOSEPH WARD, TIMOTHY LENTINE, DONALD A. MAHLER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

A target heart rate (THR) is the traditional method to prescribe and monitor exercise training intensity in healthy individuals. However, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are limited by ventilatory impairment and dyspnea rather than cardiovascular factors. An alternative approach is to use dyspnea ratings as a target for exercise training in patients with respiratory disease just as ratings of perceived exertion have been used in healthy individuals. The study was a randomized, parallel group trial comparing the ability of patients with COPD to accurately and reliably produce an exercise intensity using a target dyspnea rating (TDR) versus a THR. At Visit 1 patients performed an incremental exercise test on the cycle ergometer, and target values were calculated at ∼ 75% of maximal oxygen consumption (V˙ o 2). At Visits 2 (3 to 5 d later) and 3 (2 wk later) each patient was instructed to produce a TDR or a THR for 10 min of submaximal exertion. Anthropometric characteristics, lung function, and exercise performance were similar for the 22 patients in each group at Visit 1. For the TDR group the dyspnea target was 2.5 ± 1.5 at an expected V˙ o 2 of 0.88 ± 0.28 L/min; for the THR group the heart rate (HR) target was 114 ± 15 beats/min at an expected V˙ o 2 of 0.76 ± 0.29 L/min (p = 0.18 for V˙ o 2 between groups). Compared with the expected V˙ o 2 from Visit 1, the individual percent differences in V˙ o 2 at Visit 2 were − 3.9 ± 18.1% (TDR) and − 0.5 ± 23.2% (THR) (p = 0.58); at Visit 3 the individual percent differences in V˙ o 2 were − 2.3 ± 17.0% (TDR) and 2.6 ± 30.6% (THR) (p = 0.52). The number of patients < 10% and ⩾ 10% of the expected V˙ o 2 were similar for the two groups at Visits 2 (p = 0.38) and 3 (p = 0.27). There were no significant differences for V˙ o 2 values (absolute or individual percent) at Visits 2 and 3 for each group and between the groups (p = 0.79). In conclusion, patients with symptomatic COPD demonstrated a comparable ability to use dyspnea ratings and HR as a target to accurately and reliably produce an expected exercise intensity ( ∼ 75% of V˙ o 2max) for 10 min of submaximal exertion.
Efficient Monitoring of Cardiovascular Function in Seriously Ill Patients with a Digital Computer.
Authors: Herbert Shubin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Efficient Monitoring of Cardiovascular Function in Seriously Ill Patients with a Digital Computer.Herbert Shubin, M.D., F.A.C.P., Max Harry Weil, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.P.Herbert Shubin, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Max Harry Weil, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1153_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA computer system for high speed monitoring and immediate reporting on the condition of critically ill patients has been developed in the Shock Research Unit at the Los Angeles County Hospital. The system includes an IBM 1620 digital computer and an analogue to digital converter. It accepts electrical signals from 11 transducers on the patient's body. These are used to provide a total of 26 items of information on the physiological status of the patient. Arterial and venous pressure, heart, pulse and respiratory rate, body temperatures, and other physiological parameters are measured automatically as frequently as every 3 minutes and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1153-1154KeywordsComputersComputing systemsHeart rateRespiratory rateShockTemperature Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Drug company to offer new malaria drug cheaply in Africa
Authors: S. Pincock
Journal: BMJ (2003)

British pharmaceutical firm GlaxoSmithKline has announced that it will offer its new antimalarial drug at non-profit prices in Africa, after its approval by British regulators.

The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency has given approval to the combination of chlorproguanil hydrochloride and dapsone, or Lapdap, for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in adults and children weighing over 5 kg.

The company said it would make the drug available at preferential prices across sub-Saharan Africa as soon as local approval has been granted. The cost to …
Adults with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease: Hematologic Management
Authors: Joseph K. Perloff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Hematologic management of adults with cyanotic congenital heart disease has received little recent attention. The lack of practical therapeutic guidelines prompted us to consolidate our observations on 124 cyanotic adults for general physicians, cardiologists, and hematologists who care for these patients. Specific attention focused on regulation of erythrocyte mass and concepts of compensated and decompensated erythrocytosis, symptoms of deficient tissue oxygen transport, hyperviscosity and iron deficiency, the potential relation between elevated hematocrit levels and brain injury, hemostasis, urate metabolism, and renal function. Cerebral infarction was not seen in any patient. Phlebotomy is best reserved for treatment of symptomatic hyperviscosity. Iron therapy is indicated for symptomatic iron deficient erythropoiesis. Abnormal hemostatic mechanisms are the rule. Antithrombotic medications have little or no role in treatment. Hyperuricemia is the result of abnormal renal uric acid excretion not urate overproduction, and serves as a marker of abnormal renal function. Drugs that promote urate excretion are the preferred maintenance treatment in symptomatic hyperuricemic patients.
Identification of an obeche (<i>Triplochiton scleroxylon</i>) wood allergen as a class I chitinase
Authors: S. Kespohl, I. Sander, R. Merget, A. Petersen, H. E. Meyer, A. Sickmann, T. Bruening, M. Raulf‐Heimsoth
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: Wood dust is known to cause allergic occupational asthma and obeche ( Triplochiton scleroxylon ) is a prominent exponent in this field. However, the knowledge about wood allergens is still limited. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize obeche wood allergens. Methods: Obeche extracts were prepared from freshly ground in comparison to 7 years stored wood dust and investigated by Sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis, enzyme‐linked allergosorbent test and immunoglobulin (Ig)E‐immunoblot. Allergens were detected by specific IgE of seven obeche allergic patients’ sera and protein analysis was performed by mass spectrometry. Cross‐reactivity was demonstrated by ImmunoCAP‐inhibition with sera of seven obeche and four latex‐allergic patients. Results: Obeche extracts showed different protein pattern and IgE‐binding capacities depend on the age of the wood dust. A 38 kDa protein was identified as major obeche wood allergen, detected by six of seven (85%) obeche allergic patients’ sera and was entitled as Trip s 1. Trip s 1 is homologous to plant class I chitinases and exhibited enzyme activity demonstrated by chitinolysis. Co‐recognition or cross‐reactivity of Trip s 1 according to structural similarity was seen in sera of latex allergic patients. IgE inhibition studies with obeche as solid phase and Trip s 1 and latex hevein as inhibitor demonstrated that Trip s 1 was a more effective inhibitor in obeche as well as in latex allergic patients’ sera. Conclusions: Trip s 1 is a new obeche wood allergen of the plant class I chitinase family. This finding may explain the dominant role of obeche in sensitization against wood dust.
Neonatal gonococcal infection. I. Orogastric contamination with Neisseria gonorrhoea
Authors: H. H. Handsfield
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>was isolated from the orogastric aspirates (OGA) of 14 neonates in Seattle, including nine born at the University of Washington Hospital over a four-year period. Prematurity, prolonged rupture of the fetal membranes, associated maternal peripartum fever, histologic evidence of chorioamnionitis, OGA leukocytosis, and a clinical diagnosis of sepsis were more frequent among the infants whose OGA contained gonococci than among 153 infants whose OGA showed no pathogenic bacteria. Mothers whose peripartum endocervical, endometrial, or placental specimens contained<i>N gonorrhoeae</i>had an increased frequency of premature delivery and prolonged rupture of membranes. Gonococcal infection may have an adverse effect on the course of pregnancy, with resultant maternal and infant morbidity. Gonococcal amniotic-orogastric contamination is probably the most common form of neonatal colonization by<i>N gonorrhoeae</i>at the present time.
Case of Varicella in an Adult
Authors: W. T. Greene
Journal: BMJ (1870)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.569 nicotine, will also stand in the some relation.Another an& not uncom.mon cause is distant local hyperaemia, exampled especially in children who suffer from convulsive disease, as an affection secondary to dis- turbance of the digestive organs and the irritation of worms; exempli- fied also in the dentition of infancy; but in this latter case, as perhaps also in a minor degree in the former, the element of peripheral irritation must be somewhat taken into account.Irritation of the peripheral extremity of a nerve will produce epilepsy.A remarkable case was quoted by Dr.
Prophylactic Antibiotics and Dog Bite Wounds-Reply
Authors: Michael Callaham
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I was most interested to read the letter and report of a study by Drs Elenbaas, McNabney, and Robinson. Their study of prophylactic oxacillin in dog bite wounds sounds well designed and well controlled, and I cannot argue with their conclusions. At the time of writing my discussion of the management of dog bite injuries, I did not have the results of this study available to me. However, I would agree with the authors that the differences are simply those of interpretation of the same data. Regarding my original study in the<i>Annals of Emergency Medicine</i>, it is true that several observers provided follow-up evaluation, thus lessening uniformity of evaluation and management. High-risk wounds were indeed equally distributed between treated and controlled patients, as were other variables such as patient age and wound location. Although some clinically infected wounds were not recultured, these amounted to less than 10%.
On a Case in which the Upper Half of the Fibula was Excised for a Sarcoma
Authors: J. B. Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1896)

mined should an opportunity arise of puncturing the verte- bral sac immediately after death in a suitable case.EXAMINATION OF THE FLUID.Appearan?e, Colour, etc.-In all the cases of general para- lysis tapped during life the fluid was perfectly clear and pellucid, and of a very faint straw tint (only noticed on looking through a fairly long column of the fluid in a glass cylinder) or else colourless.In one case, after flowing for a short time it became tinged with blood.After death (Nos.viiia, xa, A. B.) it becomes turbid, and the turbidity seems to increase with the time that elapses after death before tapping.Shaking the fluid up with ether removes most of this turbidity.1eaction.-Normalcerebro-spinal fluid is neutral or faintly alkaline, becoming after death acid, and Meynert6 states that probably in certain pathological conditions the same change occurs during life.Dr. Batty Tuke assumes that in general paralysis the nerve cells are bathed in a poisonous acid fluid.As the pericellular and perivascular spaces are continuous with the subarachnoid space, this would mean that the reaction of the latter would be acid, but in every one of the cases I tapped it was distinctly alkaline.The reaction was tested in most of the cases with litmus, but in No. xiv with phenolphthalein as well.The specific gravity Dresented no departure from the normal.Proteids.-Fibrinogen was not tested for in all cases; in the two cases in which I did test for it, it was absent.Serum globulin was practically the only proteid present beyond traces (not tested for in all cases) of albumen.
Influence of inflammatory bowel disease on intestinal microflora.
Authors: M R Keighley, Y Arabi, F Dimock, D W Burdon, R N Allan, J Alexander-Williams
Journal: Gut (1978)

The microflora of the jejunum, ileum, and colon has been studied from operative samples in Crohn9s disease (n = 30), ulcerative colitis (n = 15), and controls (n = 40). There was no significant difference in the flora of patients with ulcerative colitis compared with controls. In Crohn9s disease there was a significant increase in E. coli (P less than 0.001) and B. fragilis (P less than 0.001) in the ileum and of E. coli (P less than 0.001) and lactobacilli (P less than 0.01) in the colon. The abnormal ileal flora in Crohn9s disease was unrelated to serological evidence of disease activity (indices: ESR, serum albumin, serum seromucoids), diameter of the ileum, or excision of the ileocaecal valve. The abnormal colonic flora in Crohn9s disease was not related to presence of macroscopic colitis.
selection of Cancer Chemotherapy for a Patient by an In Vitro Assay Versus a Clinician
Authors: Daniel D. Von Hoff, John F. Sandbach, Gary M. Clark, Judy N. Turner, Barbana F. Forseth, Martin J. Piccart, Nicoletta Colombo, Franco M. Muggia
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

One hundred thirty-three patients with advanced metastatic cancer were randomized to receive single-agent chemotherapy selected by either a medical oncologist or an in vitro capillary cloning system. Thirtysix of the 65 patients (55%) who were randomly assigned to selection of a drug by the clinician actually received a drug; these patients were able to be evaluated for clinical response. Of these 36 patients, one had a partial tumor response (3%). Only 19 of the 68 patients (28%) who were randomly assigned to selection of a drug by the capillary system actually received a drug; these patients were able to be evaluated for clinical response. Of these 19 patients, four (21%) had partial tumor responses. In the assessable patients (36 in the clinician's choice group, 19 in the capillary cloning group), the partial response rate was superior for drug selection by the capillary cloning system ( P =.04). For all patients randomly assigned to a group (65 in the clinician's choice group, 68 in the capillary cloning group), the response rate was not significantly different (1.5% and 5.9%, respectively; P =.37). When overall survival rates for patients in the two groups were compared, there was no difference. We conclude that drug sensitivity testing in capillary tubes can improve the response rate for patients with advanced malignancies. This improved response rate, however, does not translate into improved survival times for these patients. [J Natl Cancer Inst 82: 110–116, 1990]
A Comparison of Electrokymography and Roentgenkymography in the Study of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: SIMON DACK, DAVID H. PALEY, MARCY L. SUSSMAN
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The authors present two cases of myocardial infarction to demonstrate that electrokymography is superior to roentgenkymography as a method for detecting localized areas of myocardial damage. This superiority is based principally on greater ease of exploration of the ventricular pulsations, clearer delineation of the kymographic curve as a result of greater magnification, and more accurate analysis of the phases of the cardiac cycle by simultaneous recording and integration with other graphic tracings.
Detection of Sclerosing Adenosis of the Breast on a Thallium Scan
Authors: P TODD MAKLER, NANCY SHERWIN, DAVID M. McCARTHY, ABASS ALAVI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Uptake of thallium in a patient with sclerosing adenosis of the breast was detected. Although thallium has been reported to accumulate in primary carcinoma of the thyroid, lung, and liver, detection of a breast lesion on a thallium scan has not been previously reported.
A FORM OF SPECTACLE FRAMES IN LIEU OF NOSE PIECES.
Authors: H. CULBERTSON
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read in the Section on Ophthalmology, Otology, and Laryngology.] In the application of glasses for the relief of ametropia and presbyopia we often have need of two pair of spectacles or glasses—one for near and another for distant vision. It is inconvenient for the wearer to apply and remove move each pair in remote and proximal vision. Again, the use of bifocal glasses is attended with the constant and often annoying influence of such lenses upon the eyes, incident to the rapid variation in the accommodation. Moreover, although it may be effected, it is too expensive to be desirable. We cannot not ordinarily adapt glasses for astigmatism in the upper and lower lenses in bifocals. We desire, then, to adopt some plan which will avoid at least some of these defects. The first object, then, is to obviate the unpleasant effects of nose-pieces in those who are able to wear
Acupuncture Treatments for Pain Relief
Authors: George A. Ulett
Journal: JAMA (1981)

ACUPUNCTURE is the most controversial of nondrug pain control methods in contemporary US medicine. This form of treatment originated in China some 4,000 years ago. It has been of interest in the United States for scarcely a decade although widely used in Europe since early in this century and universally acclaimed for its pain-relieving qualities. <h3>Traditional Acupuncture</h3> United States physicians have failed to embrace acupuncture for several reasons, but mainly because, as it is usually presented to them, it has lacked documented scientific validity and has been taught as a practice based on ancient Taoist philosophy passed down through the centuries with relatively little change. The many texts and frequent seminars on acupuncture all adhere to this traditional approach with its fanciful theories. In this archaic acupuncture theory, man is thought to be a microreflection of the cosmos with two major forces (yin and yang) affecting his energy balance (<i>chi</i>
Alzheimer's Disease — Clinical Trials and the Logic of Clinical Purpose
Authors: Jason Karlawish
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Agitation, aggression, delusions, and hallucinations are among the most common and disabling symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. These problems diminish the quality of life for both the patient and caregiver.1 They are also costly.2 Treatments for these symptoms include the second-generation, or “atypical” antipsychotic medications.The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) labels for antipsychotic medications state bluntly that they are not approved for the treatment of dementia-related psychosis, and they display a “black-box” warning: “Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs are at an increased risk of death compared to placebo.”3 Yet, clinicians, including me, continue to prescribe . . .
Contribution of multiple inert gas elimination technique to pulmonary medicine. 6. Ventilation-perfusion relationships during anaesthesia.
Authors: G Hedenstierna
Journal: Thorax (1995)

ATELECTASISBendixen and coworkers' published their "con- cept of atelectasis" 30 years ago.They noticed successive decreases in lung compliance and arterial oxygen tension (Pao2) which returned towards normal after deep inflation ofthe lungs.The authors proposed slow development of
Small Blood Vessels
Authors: WILLIAM H. KNISELY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Observations of living vascular beds have contributed anatomical information that is significant for understanding normo- and pathophysiology. M. H. Knisely's 1940 classification of vascular beds according to whether tissue or blood is nourished or acted upon is functionally important (1). Common significant anatomical features include cylindrical capillaries, tapered, cone-shaped arteries and veins, arterial branching at obtuse angles, and distensibility allowing emboli to plug arterioles three fourths to two thirds their own diameters. Small pulmonary blood vessels have significant variants. Small arteries and veins lie proximate to alveoli, appear to taper very rapidly, have many precapillary and capillary branches leaving at 90 deg, and form extensive anastomoses. Variants are seen in the bat's wing, with 90-deg branching arterioles containing a muscular ring at the orifice; and in the very thin walls of cerebral vessels. Small pulmonary vessels, being in series with the rest, are potentially traps for all particulate matter originating in the vascular system. Two current examples with such pathophysiologic significance are the intrapulmonary events in somatic burns and "Da Nang lung."
Reduction of hospital mortality in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction receiving glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists: Results of the ACOS Registry
Authors: Anselm K. Gitt, Rudolf Schiele, Steffen Schneider, Harm Wienbergen, Tobias Heer, Martin G. Gottwik, Jochen Senges
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)