tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reconstitution of T cell receptor signaling in ZAP-70-deficient cells by retroviral transduction of the ZAP-70 gene.
Authors: N Taylor, K B Bacon, S Smith, T Jahn, T A Kadlecek, L Uribe, D B Kohn, E W Gelfand, A Weiss, K Weinberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

A variant of severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID) with a selective inability to produce CD8 single positive T cells and a signal transduction defect in peripheral CD4+ cells has recently been shown to be the result of mutations in the ZAP-70 gene. T cell receptor (TCR) signaling requires the association of the ZAP-70 protein tyrosine kinase with the TCR complex. Human T cell leukemia virus type I-transformed CD4+ T cell lines were established from ZAP-70-deficient patients and normal controls. ZAP-70 was expressed and appropriately phosphorylated in normal T cell lines after TCR engagement, but was not detected in T cell lines from ZAP-70-deficient patients. To determine whether signaling could be reconstituted, wild-type ZAP-70 was introduced into deficient cells with a ZAP-70 retroviral vector. High titer producer clones expressing ZAP-70 were generated in the Gibbon ape leukemia virus packaging line PG13. After transduction, ZAP-70 was detected at levels equivalent to those observed in normal cells, and was appropriately phosphorylated on tyrosine after receptor engagement. The kinase activity of ZAP-70 in the reconstituted cells was also appropriately upregulated by receptor aggregation. Moreover, normal and transduced cells, but not ZAP-70-deficient cells, were able to mobilize calcium after receptor ligation, indicating that proximal TCR signaling was reconstituted. These results indicate that this form of SCID may be corrected by gene therapy.
NF-κB p100 limits TNF-induced bone resorption in mice by a TRAF3-dependent mechanism
Authors: Zhenqiang Yao, Lianping Xing, Brendan F. Boyce
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

TNF and RANKL mediate bone destruction in common bone diseases, including osteoarthritis and RA. They activate NF-κB canonical signaling directly in osteoclast precursors (OCPs) to induce osteoclast formation in vitro. However, unlike RANKL, TNF does not activate the alternative NF-κB pathway efficiently to process the IκB protein NF-κB p100 to NF-κB p52, nor does it appear to induce osteoclast formation in vivo in the absence of RANKL. Here, we show that TNF limits RANKL- and TNF-induced osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo by increasing NF-κB p100 protein accumulation in OCPs. In contrast, TNF induced robust osteoclast formation in vivo in mice lacking RANKL or RANK when the mice also lacked NF-κB p100, and TNF-Tg mice lacking NF-κB p100 had more severe joint erosion and inflammation than did TNF-Tg littermates. TNF, but not RANKL, increased OCP expression of TNF receptor–associated factor 3 (TRAF3), an adapter protein that regulates NF-κB p100 levels in B cells. TRAF3 siRNA prevented TNF-induced NF-κB p100 accumulation and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. These findings suggest that upregulation of TRAF3 or NF-κB p100 expression or inhibition of NF-κB p100 degradation in OCPs could limit bone destruction and inflammation-induced bone loss in common bone diseases.
A piece of my mind. Forgiveness
Authors: L. A. Gerber
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cannulation of Obscured Papilla Aided By Using a Balloon to Flatten Out Duodenal Folds, in a Patient with Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: V. Cennamo, D. Baroncini, C. Fabbri, F. Ferrara, S. Guersi, N. D’Imperio
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Cannulation of the papilla is the indispensable step in performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) [1], but sometimes there are technical problems that can lead to failure [2]. In patients with gallstone pancreatitis, there is a potential difficulty for endoscopists due to the possible presence of duodenal edema which may hide the papilla of Vater [3]. We describe here a case of difficult cannulation, achieved by using a balloon to reduce the duodenal folds.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and fibrosis‐4 index for detecting liver fibrosis in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: A systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Guangqin Xiao, Jiayin Yang, Lunan Yan
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

The aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis index based on the four factors (Fibrosis 4 index; FIB‐4) are the two most widely studied noninvasive tools for assessing liver fibrosis. Our aims were to systematically review the performance of APRI and FIB‐4 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adult patients and compare their advantages and disadvantages. We examined the diagnostic accuracy of APRI and FIB‐4 for significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis based on their sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Heterogeneity was explored using metaregression. Our systemic review and meta‐analysis included 16 articles of APRI only, 21 articles of APRI and FIB‐4 and two articles of FIB‐4 for detecting different levels of liver fibrosis. With an APRI threshold of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5, the sensitivity and specificity values were 70.0% and 60.0%, 50.0% and 83.0%, and 36.9% and 92.5% for significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis, respectively. With an FIB‐4 threshold of 1.45 and 3.25, the sensitivity and specificity values were 65.4% and 73.6% and 16.2% and 95.2% for significant fibrosis. The summary AUROC values using APRI and FIB‐4 for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis were 0.7407 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7033‐0.7781) and 0.7844 (95% CI: 0.7450‐0.8238; ( Z = 1.59, P = 0.06), 0.7347 (95% CI: 0.6790‐0.7904) and 0.8165 (95% CI: 0.7707‐0.8623; Z = 2.01, P = 0.02), and 0.7268 (95% CI: 0.6578‐0.7958) and 0.8448 (95% CI: 0.7742‐0.9154; ( Z = 2.34, P = 0.01), respectively. Conclusions : Our meta‐analysis suggests that APRI and FIB‐4 can identify hepatitis B‐related fibrosis with a moderate sensitivity and accuracy. (H epatology 2015;61:292–302)
Criteria for the Onset of Vascular Murmurs
Authors: Alvin H. Sacks, E. Glenn Tickner, lan B. Macdonald
Journal: Circulation Research (1971)

A general "sound boundary" curve was developed which establishes the combinations of minimum flow Reynolds numbers and percent stenosis required for the onset of vascular murmurs. The curve was derived by a combination of engineering analysis and animal experiments in which thin circular orifice plates were implanted in the descending aortas of anesthetized dogs. The results indicate that the sounds are prndnced by jet instability and the associated "free turbulence" in the flow. Such turbulence may occur at Reynolds numbers far below that for transition in a straight pipe, depending upon the degree of stenosis. However, below thir critical Reynolds number for any given degree of stenosis, a murmur would not be detected even with perfect hearing or an ideal microphone, since the flow remains steady and the jet (if any) is laminar and silent. In pulsating flow, sounds can be produced only when this critical Reynolds number is exceeded.
Prevention of Spontaneous Tumor Development in a<i>ret</i>Transgenic Mouse Model by Ret Peptide Vaccination with Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor 1-Methyl Tryptophan
Authors: Jun Zeng, Shaohui Cai, Yanmei Yi, Yuwen He, Zhen Wang, Guangmin Jiang, Xiaokun Li, Jun Du
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The present study investigated an immunotherapeutic strategy for rearranged during transfection proto-oncogene (ret)-associated carcinomas in a transgenic MT/ret 304/B6 mouse model in which spontaneous tumors develop due to overexpression of the ret gene. A Ret peptide vaccine comprising an extracellular fragment of Ret protein and Th1-polarized immunoregulator CpG oligonucleotide (1826) induced strong and specific cellular and humoral immune responses in wild-type C57BL/6 mice, showing that the Ret peptide has a strong immunogenic potential as part of an antitumor vaccine. In MT/ret 304/B6 mice, however, the vaccine was only modestly effective as an inducer of the humoral immune response, and it failed to elicit a T-cell response. An immunohistochemical analysis revealed marked indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression after immunization with Ret peptide vaccine in the lymph nodes and spleens of MT/ret 304/B6 mice. The systemic administration of the potent inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1-methyl tryptophan (1MT) along with Ret vaccine produced a significant increase in tumor-specific cytotoxic activity. A delay in spontaneous tumor development was also observed in the MT/ret 304/B6 mice to which the Ret vaccine and 1MT were administered. These results indicate that an improved Ret vaccine composed of Ret peptide plus CpG oligonucleotide plus 1MT is a potential therapeutic strategy for treatment of ret-associated carcinomas.
The Complexity of Microbial Diversity in Bacterial Vaginosis
Authors: Sharon L. Hillier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

From the time that Robert Koch prepared stained smears of biologic samples from humans, scientists have been engaged in describing the microbiologic flora of the human vagina. In 1882, Döderlein described the lactic acid–producing lactobacilli from the vaginas of healthy women, and he was the first to report the treatment of gonococcal infections in women with human-derived strains of lactobacillus. In 1921, Schröder published detailed drawings of vaginal smears from women with the condition now known as bacterial vaginosis, and these drawings portended the incredible microbiologic diversity present in the female reproductive tract.The microbiologic cause of bacterial vaginosis has . . .
The Concise Encyclopedia of Modern Surgery
Authors: Helen Marshall
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In the brief scope of 308 pages the author presents a concise view of the entire field of surgery in all its aspects: the specialties and their scope, hospitalization, pathology, preoperative and post-operative care, anatomy and operations of every organ of the body, complications, convalescence, and rehabilitation. Here are to be found the basic facts that any person related to the surgical team might need to know, whether nurse, physical therapist, medical librarian, secretary, patient, his family, or even the student who thinks he would like to be a surgeon some day and wants a reliable and easy-to-read outline of the field. In addition to helping the technician, the nurse, and the student to orient themselves, this book should help those who come into direct contact with the layman to answer his questions regarding a stay in the hospital and the nature and purpose of tests, operations, and treatment. The
Review: Tiotropium mist inhaler increases mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Brian J. Lipworth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Source Citation Singh S, Loke YK, Enright PL, Furberg CD. Mortality associated with tiotropium mist inhaler in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2011;342:d3215. 21672999
THE FOUCHET TEST IN CHOLECYSTITIS
Authors: JOHN D. GARVIN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The test for hyperbilirubinemia as first set forth by Fouchet 1 has recently been applied clinically in the diagnosis of cholecystitis without jaundice by Friedman and Straus, 2 and later by Speik, Liljedahl and Falk. 3 Friedman and Straus obtained positive reactions in 83 per cent, of a series of twenty-nine cases of cholecystic disease, and felt that the test was useful in distinguishing between gastric and duodenal ulcer, or carcinoma of the stomach and cholecystitis. In a series of forty patients with cholecystitis and stones, Speik, Liljedahl and Falk obtained a positive reaction in 67 per cent.; however, 42 per cent. of them showed the presence of excess bilirubin macroscopically. These investigators also found that many other conditions besides cholecystitis gave a positive reaction, among them being duodenal ulcer; hence, the differential diagnostic value of the test in certain conditions is impaired. 2   In our investigation, the technic as
Effects of the pericardium on the diastolic left coronary pressure-flow relationship in the isolated dog heart.
Authors: J Watanabe, Y Maruyama, S Satoh, M Keitoku, T Takishima
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We studied the effects of the pericardium on diastolic left coronary pressure-flow relationships in heart-blocked and isolated canine preparations. In these preparations, the left and right coronary arteries were dilated with adenosine and perfused by means of a pressurized arterial reservoir. The diastolic left heart pressure (LHP) was controlled by the height of a reservoir connected to the left atrium and left ventricle. The right atrial and ventricular pressure i.e., coronary outflow pressure, was kept constant at 0 mm Hg. Before and after pericardiectomy, diastolic coronary pressure-flow relationships were obtained at three values of LHP (0, 15, and 30 mm Hg) with driving pressure decreasing (2 mm Hg/sec or less) from approximately 60 mm Hg to the actual zero-flow pressure (Pf = 0) during a single long diastole induced by cessation of ventricular pacing. The slopes of the coronary pressure-flow relationships were approximated by a linear regression analysis in which the correlation coefficients were greater than .98 in all cases. Before pericardiectomy, with LHP increasing from 0 to 15 and 30 mm Hg, the value of Pf = 0 significantly increased from 7 +/- 1 to 16 +/- 1 (p less than .01) and 28 +/- 2 mm Hg (p less than .01), respectively. After pericardiectomy, it increased from 7 +/- 1 to 14 +/- 1 (p less than .01) and 17 +/- 2 mm Hg (p less than .01), respectively. When LHP was at 0 and 15 mm Hg, the pericardiectomy had no effect on the value of Pf = 0.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Induction of TGF-β1 by the matricellular protein SPARC in a rat model of glomerulonephritis
Authors: James A. Bassuk, Raimund Pichler, Justin D. Rothmier, Jeffrey Pippen, Kathy Gordon, Rick L. Meek, Amy D. Bradshaw, Donna Lombardi, Thomas P. Strandjord, May Reed, E. Helene Sage, William G. Couser, Richard Johnson
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
Panel Recommends Easing Restrictions on Rosiglitazone Despite Concerns About Cardiovascular Safety
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sudden Operative Death Due to Tumour Embolism
Authors: A. H. B. Masson, A. W. Branwood
Journal: BMJ (1955)

BMEDICALJSHRNAL the larger infarctions.Abdomen: The liver showed chronic nutmeg change with early cardiac cirrhosis.The spleen was about one and a half times normal size.The remaining abdominal organs were normal.Lymphatic System: The glands of the neck and chest were grossly oedematous and much enlarged, but the cut surface appeared normal.The brain was not examined.Cause of death: (a) congestive cardiac failure, and (b) myxoma of left auricle.COMMENT Viewing this case retrospectively, it is unlikely, even if the true diagnosis had occ'urred to us as a possibility, that we would have been disposed to retreat from the diagnosis of mitral stenosis, since the clinical pattern could be fairly well correlated with its aetiological type and the signs of failure were not disproportionate to the physical findings.Like most cases of cardiac myxoma, however, this one presented with severe cardiac failure, relentlessly and rapidly progres- sing and failing to respond to any treatment.A large proportion of the cases in the literature presented with systolic and diastolic apical murmurs.Several of the features fre- quently found in myxoma of the heart were absent: namely, preference for lying flat for the relief of the dyspnoea; embolic phenomena from fragments of the tumour; sudden onset with fainting attacks; and sudden death.The E.C.G. did not show enlarged P waves and right ventricular strain as reported in some cases.The deceptive resemblance of this case to one of mitral stenosis, when considered feature by feature, was quite remarkable.
Abstract 3527: Potent anti-tumor activity of AbGn-100, an anti-CD326 x anti-TCR bispecific antibody to CD326-expressing solid tumors
Authors: Evelyn Chiang, Shu-Hua Lee, Yu-Ying Tsai, Meng-Ru Liu, Yu-Chi Hsieh, Chiu-Chen Huang, Shih-Yao Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract CD326 is one of the first and prominent immunotherapeutic targets in cancer therapy due to its frequent and high-level expression on most carcinomas of various origins. The dominant role of cytotoxic T cells for tumor suppression and surveillance in vivo is well documented in literature. A novel bi-specific antibody AbGn-100 was constructed, in which the antigen-binding domain of an anti- human CD326 antibody was linked to the antigen-binding domain of an anti-human T cell receptor (TCR) ≤ chain antibody. Human serum albumin was incorporated into this construct to prolong the half life in vivo. This bi-specific antibody is able to direct T cells toward CD326-expressing cancer cells to execute T cell cytotoxic function after TCR cross-linking mediated by CD326 expressed on cancer cells while it remains harmless when either T cells or CD326-expressing cancer cells is absent. In vitro cytotoxicity assays with PBMCs from different donors have demonstrated potent (up to 60% above the background) cytotoxicity eliciting activity of AbGn-100 to lung (NCI-H358), ovarian (OMC3) and colorectal (COLO205) cancer cells lines. In the absence of cancer cells, the addition of AbGn-100 didn't trigger the up-regulation of T cell activation markers such as CD25 or CD69, nor did it increase the secretion of cytokines such as IL-2 and Interferon β, demonstrating the safety profile of AbGn-100. In vivo activity of AbGn-100 was tested with established lung (NCI-H358) and ovarian (OMC-3) cancer xenografts in NOD-SCID mice. AbGn-100, in the presence of human PBMC, significantly reduced the size of the established lung and ovarian tumors. Most notably, in some of the mice, tumor was not detectable after 50 days of treatment, suggesting the possibility of tumor eradication. PK studies in mice showed the half-life of AbGn-100 to be around 20 hours, which is substantially longer than conventional single-chain Fv bi-specific antibodies. These data support the potential of further development of AbGn-100 as therapeutics for the treatment of CD326-expressing solid tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3527. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3527
Reply to Jai Prakash, Apul Goel and Manish Garg's Letter to the Editor re: Anobel Y. Odisho, Anna B. Berry, Ardalan E. Ahmad, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Peter R. Carroll, Badrinath R. Konety. Reflex ImmunoCyt Testing for the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer in Patients with Atypical Urine Cytology. Eur Urol. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.019
Authors: Anobel Y. Odisho, Anna B. Berry, Ardalan E. Ahmad, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Peter R. Carroll, Badrinath R. Konety
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Diagnosis and management of bone stress injuries of the lower limb in athletes
Authors: J. Pegrum, T. Crisp, N. Padhiar
Journal: BMJ (2012)

#### Summary points

The annual incidence of overuse injuries in track and field athletes is estimated to be 3.9 per 1000 training hours, with a prevalence of 76%,w1 and 10-20% of consultations in sports medicine practice are for stress fractures.1 Stress fractures are also common among army recruits.

With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging, stress fractures are diagnosed earlier and more readily than they were in the past, and early surgical treatment is increasingly considered as a management option for patients who are at high risk of fracture non-union. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of stress fractures is important to prevent propagation of the fracture, and early effective treatment may reduce time away from training and participation in sport. Experts think that overtreatment of low risk stress injuries and undertreatment of high risk injuries both occur and lead to unnecessary time away from training.2 In addition, increasing participation of non-athletes in endurance sports such as marathon running has led to an increase in stress injuries among non-professional sportspeople.

We review the diagnosis and management of stress injuries of the lower limb, drawing on evidence from randomised trials, non-randomised intervention studies, observational studies, …
Evidence of Dietary Copper and Zinc Deficiencies
Authors: Leslie M. Klevay
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The mean daily amounts of copper and zinc found in hospital diets by atomic absorption spectrometry were 0.76 and 9.4 mg, respectively. Comparison of these diets with published data showed median daily amounts of copper and zinc to be 0.78 and 12.0 mg, respectively, for 20 diets made from conventional foods. These amounts of copper and zinc are less than the 2 mg of copper and 13 mg of zinc thought to be required daily by adults. Hospital diets and perhaps diets in general seem to be low in copper and zinc; the amounts of copper are lower than those of zinc in comparison with respective requirements. Common dietary amounts of these elements may cause health problems.