tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of outcome of laparoscopic splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by platelet count
Authors: A. Keidar, M. Feldman, A. Szold
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is now performed routinely in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) refractory to the medical treatment. Low preoperative platelet count was deemed to be a contraindication for a laparoscopic approach; however, there is no data reporting the outcome in those patients. We aimed to evaluate the influence of the preoperative platelet count on the operative and postoperative course and complication rate. Retrospective cohort study that was conducted in tertiary care university-affiliated medical center and included 110 consecutive patients who underwent LS. All patients were divided into three groups by their preoperative platelet counts: <or=20 x 10(9)/L (n = 12), (20-50) x 10(9)/L (n = 18), and >50 x 10(9)/L (n = 80). The outcome and the influence of preoperative factors predictive of complications, blood transfusion, and length of stay were compared between the groups. Patients with a platelet count of <or=20 x 10(9)/L had a much longer hospital stay, received more blood transfusions, and suffered more complications than patients with platelet counts of (20-50) x 10(9)/L or higher (P < 0.05). Transfused patients had a longer hospital stay than non-transfused patients (2.08 vs. 6.4 days, P = 0.029). The strongest predictor for transfusion was the platelet count (odds ratio = 23, P = 0.008). LS in patients with very low platelet counts is feasible and reasonably safe, but the platelet count is a major determinant of morbidity. Every effort should be made to elevate platelet levels to >20 x 10(9)/L before surgery. Patients with counts >20 x 10(9)/L can safely undergo LS.
Impact of Surgical Volume on the Rate of Lymph Node Metastases in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy and Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Alberto Briganti, Umberto Capitanio, Felix K.-H. Chun, Andrea Gallina, Nazareno Suardi, Andrea Salonia, Luigi F. Da Pozzo, Renzo Colombo, Valerio Di Girolamo, Roberto Bertini, Giorgio Guazzoni, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Francesco Montorsi, Patrizio Rigatti
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Adults Are Whooping, but Are Internists Listening?
Authors: Mark S. Dworkin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Although studies have shown that pertussis is responsible for approximately 20% to 30% of cases of cough lasting more than 2 weeks in adults and adolescents, physicians have generally considered pertussis a disease that affects only children. Epidemiologic trends demonstrate that the incidence of pertussis has been rising, especially in adolescents and adults. Consequently, pertussis is not a "zebra" diagnosis but deserves a place among the community-acquired list of adult pathogens. Increased awareness among physicians about pertussis is important because adults may transmit the infection to infants, in whom the disease often leads to hospitalization and may result in death. Reporting this disease to the local health department is critical to its control because both case-patients and their close contacts should receive antimicrobial prophylaxis. A booster vaccine for adolescents and adults is likely to become available in the near future, so this is an important time to ensure that all physicians, not just pediatricians, are knowledgeable about the diagnosis, treatment, and reporting requirements for pertussis.
Chemokine levels in human liver homogenates: Associations between GRO alpha and histopathological evidence of alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: J Maltby
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by parenchymal neutrophil infiltration. Hepatic synthesis of the neutrophil chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is highly elevated in alcoholic hepatitis and levels correlate with the degree of neutrophil infiltration. The aim of this study was to further determine the spectrum of synthesis of chemokines in liver tissue from patients with alcoholic liver disease and a range of disease control subjects. Subjects were composed of 24 patients with alcoholic liver disease of whom 15 had histopathological evidence of alcoholic hepatitis (10 cirrhotic) and 9 no evidence of alcoholic hepatitis (5 cirrhotic); other controls included; normal liver (n = 6), viral hepatitis (n = 16), primary biliary cirrhosis (n = 5), acute liver failure (n = 4), and miscellaneous liver disease (n = 13). Levels of the C-X-C neutrophil chemokine GRO alpha and the mononuclear cell C-C chemokines: macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, macrophage chemotactic protein 1 and RANTES, were determined by ELISA in liver homogenates. Levels of the neutrophil chemokine GRO alpha were specifically elevated (mean 46 pg/mg, compared with normal liver 11 pg/mg) in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. GRO alpha levels correlated with IL-8 levels and were higher in patients with alcoholic liver disease and parenchymal neutrophil infiltration. Hepatic RANTES was elevated in diseased liver, with the highest levels found in viral hepatitis (mean 117 pg/mg, compared with 24 pg/mg in normal liver). No significant changes in hepatic levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) or macrophage chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) were found. These data provide further supportive evidence that parenchymal neutrophil infiltration in alcoholic hepatitis may be determined by selective upregulation of C-X-C chemokine synthesis. (Hepatology 1996 Nov;24(5):1156-60)
Clinical Pharmacology: An Electronic Drug Reference and Teaching Guide, version 1.0 for Windows
Authors: Saty Satya-Murti
Journal: JAMA (1994)

One of his poultice prescriptions... included swallow's nests, dirt, dung and all, boiled in oil of chamomel and lillies. To this was added the faeces of a dog, and hen's grease as well as sundry herbs.... In Elizabethan times we used preparations such as the one above.<sup>1</sup>Fortunately, we are much more discriminating in our use of apothecary in the late 20th century. Otherwise, it would be a veritable challenge to fathom all the drug-drug interactions in the above nostrum. Yet, even today we are not beyond guilt in what we prescribe.<sup>2,3</sup>As the good doctor Cornelius warns us in Shakespeare's<i>Cymbeline</i>, we should guard ourselves against dispensing "a drug of such damn'd nature... first... on cats and dogs,/Then afterward up higher..." perhaps on humans. Software intended to assist rational prescribing is common today. Many programs are excellent and most are expensive. Practicing
Pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis.
Authors: H Sarles, J P Bernard, L Gullo
Journal: Gut (1990)

<h3>Objectives:</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate whether removing the calcifications in the rotator cuff tendons during surgical subacromial decompression improves outcome in patients with calcific tendonitis. <h3>Methods:</h3> Two groups of 20 patients with a subacromial impingement syndrome and cuff calcifications were operated on. In group A, patients had an anterolateral acromioplasty according to Neer with excision of calcifications. In group B, the same procedure was performed without additional excision of calcifications. After a minimum follow-up of 3 years the patients were assessed with the disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand score (DASH), the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, measurements of range of motion (ROM) in all planes, and satisfaction with treatment. <h3>Results:</h3> The results for the DASH score, ROM, VAS and satisfaction with treatement showed no significant difference between the two groups. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> The results of our study suggest that removal of calcific deposits with anterolateral acromioplasty does not influence patient outcome. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal surgical treatment for calcific tendonitis.
Tension Hemothorax Due to Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: William F. Dippel, Donald B. Doty, J. L. Ehrenhaft
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

COMPLICATIONS associated with patent ductus arteriosus are congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, subacute bacterial arteritis, and aneurysm of either the ductus or the pulmonary artery that may rupture and cause death. In the following, extremely unusual case an infant with tension hemothorax resulting from spontaneous rupture of a patent ductus arteriosus was treated successfully.Case ReportA 4-week-old male infant, the product of a normal full-term delivery, with a birth weight of 3900 g, was admitted to the University of Iowa Hospitals on March 1, 1972. The neonatal history was negative. He was well until 4 days before admission, when . . .
Observations on the Inverse Correlation of TSH With FTI
Authors: Paul J. Drinka
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the euthyroid state, thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) and circulating thyroid hormone control each other's secretion in balanced fashion. In primary hypothyroidism, thyroid hormone secretion fails and TSH levels rise progressively. With the previously mentioned thyroid physiology in mind, we analyzed our large thyroid database to examine and validate the levels of TSH and circulating thyroid hormone at which primary hypothyroidism manifests itself. <h3>Study.—</h3> Results of thyroid function studies were obtained in 429 male and 134 female nursing home residents aged 60 years and older. Residents with known thyroid disease, acute illness, or exposure to iodine or contrast media within the last 30 days or who received lithium were excluded. Fasting venous blood samples were drawn between 7 and 9 AM. The free thyroxine index (FTI) (normal value, 2.2 to 4.6) was derived by multiplying the thyroxine concentration by the fractional triiodothyronine uptake (Nuclear Medical Laboratories,
New compound heterozygous mutations in a Chinese family with lipoid proteinosis
Authors: C.Y. Wang, P.Z. Zhang, F.R. Zhang, J. Liu, H.Q. Tian, L. Yu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article New compound heterozygous mutations in a Chinese family with lipoid proteinosis Get access C.Y. Wang, C.Y. Wang Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, 57 Jiyan Road, Jinan, China *Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.Z. Zhang, P.Z. Zhang Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, 57 Jiyan Road, Jinan, China *Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China F.R. Zhang, L. Yu. E‐mail: zhangfuren@hotmail.com, longyu@fudan.edu.cn C.Y.W. and P.Z.Z. contributed equally to this work. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.R. Zhang, F.R. Zhang Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, 57 Jiyan Road, Jinan, China *Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Liu, J. Liu Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, 57 Jiyan Road, Jinan, China *Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.Q. Tian, H.Q. Tian Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, 57 Jiyan Road, Jinan, China *Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Yu L. Yu Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, 57 Jiyan Road, Jinan, China *Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 2, 1 August 2006, Pages 470–472, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07292.x Published: 01 August 2006 Article history Accepted: 22 April 2005 Published: 01 August 2006
High numbers of vacancies exist on NHS boards, survey shows
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A third of NHS providers in England have at least one board level position that is not permanently filled, and the worst performing trusts having the most difficulty recruiting executives, research by the King’s Fund has shown.

The report, Leadership Vacancies in the NHS , said that these high numbers of vacancies can negatively affect organisations—damaging staff morale, causing strategic instability, wasting financial resources, and affecting patient care.1

The survey found that 31% of acute trusts, 38% of mental …
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Significantly Influences Atherogenic Risk and Cytokine-Induced Oxidant Production
Authors: Corey M. Harrison, Melissa Pompilius, Kent E. Pinkerton, Scott W. Ballinger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Oxidative stress associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors contributes to disease development. However, less is known whether specific subcellular components play a role in disease susceptibility. In this regard, it has been previously reported that vascular mitochondrial damage and dysfunction are associated with atherosclerosis. However, no studies have determined whether altered mitochondrial oxidant production directly influences atherogenic susceptibility and response in primary cells to atherogenic factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).We undertook this study to determine whether increased mitochondrial oxidant production affects atherosclerotic lesion development associated with CVD risk factor exposure and endothelial cell response to TNF-α.We assessed atherosclerotic lesion formation, oxidant stress, and mitochondrial DNA damage in male apolipoprotein E (apoE)-null mice with normal and decreased levels of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2; apoE(-/-) and apoE(-/-), SOD2(+/-), respectively) exposed to environmental tobacco smoke or filtered air.Atherogenesis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage were significantly higher in apoE(-/-), SOD2(+/-) mice than in apoE(-/-) controls. Furthermore, experiments with small interfering RNA in endothelial cells revealed that decreased SOD2 activity increased TNF-α-mediated cellular oxidant levels compared with controls.Endogenous mitochondrial oxidative stress is an important CVD risk factor that can modulate atherogenesis and cytokine-induced endothelial cell oxidant generation. Consequently, CVD risk factors that induce mitochondrial damage alter cellular response to endogenous atherogenic factors, increasing disease susceptibility.
NICE needs sweeping changes to maintain credibility, say MPs
Authors: K. Burke
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) should think more broadly and adopt more rigorous processes to avoid “serious damage” to its credibility, according to the first independent evaluation of the institute's work.

A cross party committee of MPs has unanimously commended NICE's efforts in a “highly contentious” area, but it has called for sweeping changes in the way it works and has urged government commitment to develop a robust rationale for prioritising healthcare spending.

The House of Commons health select committee's report, launched on Wednesday, urged NICE to establish robust mechanisms to ensure closer collaboration with respected publications such as …
Splenic proliferative lymphoid nodules distinct from germinal centers are sites of autoantigen stimulation in immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Capucine Daridon, Christoph Loddenkemper, Simone Spieckermann, Anja A. Kühl, Abdulgabar Salama, Gerd R. Burmester, Peter E. Lipsky, Thomas Dörner
Journal: Blood (2012)
AUTO-TOXEMIA AS A FACTOR IN THE NEUROSES.
Authors: GEORGE F. BUTLER
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The doctrine of auto-intoxication is a very old one; the central idea of the primitive conception survives in the term rheumatism, applied to a condition due to the auto-intoxication resultant on suboxidization. Many of the morbid states now regarded as auto-toxemic were of old charged to rheums, as the products of rheumatism. Obesity and allied states were placed in the sixteenth century in the nosologic position they occupy to-day. In Sydenham's time the effects of these conditions were even better recognized than during the middle decades of the nineteenth century. Sydenham pointed out that suppressed gout (that is, gout without joint expression) exercised marked influence on the constitution. The body, he remarks, "is not the only sufferer and the dependent condition of the patient is not his worst misfortune. The mind suffers with the body, and which suffers most is hard to say. So much do mind and reason lose
Is Zero the Ideal Death Rate?
Authors: Thomas H. Lee, David F. Torchiana, James E. Lock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Massachusetts recently joined New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania in reporting death rates associated with cardiac surgery for individual surgeons — another wave in the tide of public reporting that is sweeping the country. Such reporting raises questions about distinguishing the goals that define one's work from the targets used to measure success. For hospitals and physicians, minimizing death and complications is an undisputed goal. But is zero the ideal target for measures of performance with respect to death and complications?In this era of public accountability, the answers to questions such as this turn out to be surprisingly complex. . . .
Application of transient elastometry to differentiate mild from moderate to severe liver fibrosis in HIV/HCV co-infected patients
Authors: Juan Macías, Eva Recio, Eugenia Vispo, Antonio Rivero, Luis F. López-Cortés, M José Ríos, Dolores Merino, Mercedes González, Pablo Barreiro, Victor de Lédinghen, Carmen Quereda, Juan A. Pineda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Physician-Assisted Death — From Oregon to Washington State
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In November, residents of the state of Washington voted 58% to 42% to allow physician-assisted suicide.1 The Washington Death with Dignity Act is modeled on a similar law that has been in effect in Oregon since October 1997 and that was upheld in 2006 by the U.S. Supreme Court. The act permits terminally ill state residents, defined as adults with an illness expected to lead to death within 6 months, to request and receive a prescription for a lethal dose of a medication that they may self-administer in order to end their life. Booth Gardner, a former governor of Washington . . .
Observe cases minutely, improve in my profession, write to the <i>Lancet</i>
Authors: Frank Rugman
Journal: BMJ (2007)

So wrote Arthur Conan Doyle to his mother on qualifying in medicine from the University of Edinburgh in 1881. But the creator of Sherlock Holmes had already published a letter in the BMJ while a medical student.1

In his third year, he worked as a dispensing assistant to Reginald Hoare, a general practitioner in Aston. Conan Doyle had developed symptoms of persistent neuralgia and taken tincture of Gelseminum sempervirens , the dried rhizome and root of yellow jasmine. …
Drugs Five Years Later: Desmopressin
Authors: DONALD W. RICHARDSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Desmopressin (dDAVP), a synthetic analog of the neurohypophyseal nonapeptide arginine vasopressin, has enhanced antidiuretic potency, markedly diminished pressor activity, and a prolonged half-life and duration of action compared to the natural hormone. Desmopressin is the treatment of choice for central diabetes insipidus and can be administered either intranasally or parenterally. A newly approved indication is treatment of mild classical hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease, in which deficient concentrations of factor VIII and von Willebrand's factor are transiently increased to levels that allow minor surgery.
New American Medical Schools
Authors: J. D. Spillane
Journal: BMJ (1960)

hot-air ovens.The consultant bacteriologist should play an important part in the maintenance and control of sterility and act in an advisory capacity, and also be conversant with the working of the sterilizers.Thanks are due to the many people who have co-operated in the setting up of this department, especially the Nuffield Foundation and the Northern Ireland Hospitals Authority.Dr. Darmady has given helpful advice on syringe processing,
Transient myeloid and erythroid aplasia associated with infectious hepatitis.
Authors: F C Firkin, K Nicholls, G Whelan
Journal: BMJ (1978)

histological changes of sarcoidosis.She was followed for a further four years without further incident.At no time during the 11 years that she was under supervision was evidence found to suggest a sarcoid lesion anywhere else than in her right lung and right breast.
Alternate-Day Prednisone Therapy
Authors: Rob Roy MacGregor, John N. Sheagren, Mortimer B. Lipsett, Sheldon M. Wolff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Patients with a variety of febrile, inflammatory disorders were given an average dose of 62 mg of prednisone every other day for periods lasting from one to 16 months. In seven patients, a switch from daily to alternate-day therapy was followed by increased delayed hypersensitivity responses to appropriate antigens. In five patients started directly on an alternate-day schedule, pre-existing skin reactivity was not suppressed. In addition, six of seven patients could be sensitized to dinitrochlorobenzene while on alternate-day steroids. Patients on the alternate-day schedule had remarkably mild side effects.
INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN 7 IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS: A NOVEL BIOMARKER OF MYOCARDIAL DIASTOLIC FUNCTION?
Authors: Parul U. Gandhi, Shweta Motiwala, Alex D. Sheftel, Rory Weiner, Aaron Baggish, Hanna Gaggin, Peter Liu, James Januzzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Phencyclidine. Nine cases of poisoning
Authors: C. B. Liden
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In nine cases of phencyclidine hydrochloride poisoning, early signs of overdose included drowsiness, nystagmus, miotic pupils, blood pressure elevation, increased deep tendon reflexes, ataxia, anxiety, and agitation. In more severe cases, seizures, spasticity, and opisthotonos were seen in addition to deep coma and respiratory depression. Treatment included removal by emetics or lavage, hydration, and a quiet, reassuring environment. Spasticity, agitation, and ocular manifestions responded to diazepam. Psychiatric intervention was instituted after the patients were stable and no longer agitated.