tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P70 Management of pleural effusions: Are healthcare professionals adequately trained?
Authors: CL Ross, R Dimock, A Chotai, R Meeajan, T Wan, L Finney, SL Elkin
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Management of pleural effusions is evolving with the introduction of a Best Practice Tariff for unilateral effusions and increasing use of thoracic ultrasound. However, transitions have been slow to filter through to clinical practice. This improvement project investigated the current management of pleural effusions within our Trust. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted: 1) An audit of all procedures for pleural effusions between 01.09.12 and 30.11.12; 2) A survey of junior doctors to establish their training provision, current practice and knowledge; and 3) A survey of acute medicine, respiratory, cardiothoracic and oncology nurses who regularly care for patients with effusions. <h3>Results</h3> The audit reviewed 52 chest drains and 20 aspirations across 3 sites. Documentation of consent occurred in 39% of cases. Ultrasound was used in 79% of drains, but 26% of cases still used a remote ‘X marks the spot’ approach. 27% of procedures were done out-of-hours and 34% of patients waited over 12 hours for a chest x-ray following drain insertion. 61 junior doctors responded to the survey: 44% did not use sterile gowns when inserting drains; 11% did not use sterile gloves. No medical doctors had acquired level 1 ultrasound competence. Of the 31 nurses surveyed: 19% did not know the significance of a ‘bubbling’ drain; 39% did not know what ‘swinging’ indicated; 48% did not equate closing a 3-way tap with clamping a drain; and 26% were not aware chest drain bottles should be kept below the insertion point. 54% had never received any training regarding chest drain management. 45% of doctors and 58% of nurses were unaware of local guidelines. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It is unlikely our findings are grossly different to practice in other inner city Trusts. With high staff turnaround, regular training for those caring for people with pleural effusions is clearly needed. Training should focus on aspects of patient safety such as image-guidance, aseptic technique and drain management. This study has led to the introduction of new local guidelines and pathways, creation of a pleural procedure kit to include aseptic equipment, implementation of an effusion bundle, and training sessions for doctors and nurses.
The relationship between water concentrations and individual uptake of chloroform: a simulation study.
Authors: Heather J Whitaker, Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen, Nicola G Best
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

We simulated the relationship between water chloroform concentrations and chloroform uptake in pregnant women to assess the potential extent of exposure measurement error in epidemiologic studies of the health effects of exposure to water disinfection by-products. Data from the literature were used to assign statistical distributions to swimming pool chloroform concentrations, frequency and duration of swimming, showering and bathing, and average tap water consumption. Measured increases in blood chloroform concentrations after these activities were used to estimate average uptake per microgram per liter chloroform in the water, per minute spent in the activity or per liter consumed. Given average tap water chloroform concentrations from a U.K. epidemiologic study, an average daily uptake over 90 days was simulated for 300,000 mothers. The correlation between simulated uptakes and home tap chloroform concentration was 0.6. Mothers who swam regularly received far greater doses than did nonswimmers. Results suggest there will be considerable attenuation in risk estimates and/or power loss in epidemiologic studies if the putative agent is chloroform.
Technical Advances in Behavioral Psychotherapy of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
Authors: Paul M.G. Emmelkamp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1993)

Editorials| February 18 2010 Technical Advances in Behavioral Psychotherapy of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Paul M.G. Emmelkamp Paul M.G. Emmelkamp Academic Hospital, Department of Clinical Psychology, Groningen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1993) 60 (2): 57–61. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288680 Article history Published Online: February 18 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Paul M.G. Emmelkamp; Technical Advances in Behavioral Psychotherapy of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders. Psychother Psychosom 1 February 1993; 60 (2): 57–61. https://doi.org/10.1159/000288680 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1993Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Bone Scintigraphy in Massive Disseminated Bone Necrosis
Authors: I SZASZ, R T MORRISON, D M LYSTER, S C NAIMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

SZASZ, I M.D., F.R.C.S.(C)*; MORRISON, R T M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P. (C)*; LYSTER, D M Ph.D.*; NAIMAN, S C M.D., F.R.C.P. (C)† Author Information
Regional lung function in patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: T. Heckscher, H. Bass, A. Oriol, B. Rose, N. R. Anthonisen, D. V. Bates
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

The regional distribution of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion and regional alveolar ventilation/perfusion ratios were measured with radioactive xenon (133xenon) in 10 patients with asthma in remission. Four subjects had normal ventilation distribution, four had hypoventilation in some regions and normal ventilation in others, and two patients had abnormal ventilation in almost all lung regions. The lung bases were involved most frequently and the middle zones least frequently. Correlation was good between the degree of over-all ventilatory impairment calculated from 133xenon values and measurement of the maximal midexpiratory flow rate the same day.
Subsets of airway myeloid-derived regulatory cells distinguish mild asthma from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Jessy S. Deshane, David T. Redden, Meiqin Zeng, Marion L. Spell, Jaroslaw W. Zmijewski, John T. Anderson, Rohit J. Deshane, Amit Gaggar, Gene P. Siegal, Edward Abraham, Mark T. Dransfield, David D. Chaplin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Preoperative evaluation of subvalular fibrosis in mitral stenosis. A predictor factor in conservative vs replacement surgical therapy.
Authors: C W Akins, J K Kirklin, P C Block, M J Buckley, W G Austen
Journal: Circulation (1979)

To assess the degree of mitral subvalvular fibrosis (SVF) in patients with mitral stenosis, left ventriculograms were reviewed, and a mitral subvalvular distance ratio (DR) was determined by dividing the distance from the papillary muscle tips to the closed mitral leaflets in systole by the distance from the aortic valve to the left ventricular apex in diastole. In 15 patients with normal ventricles, the mean DR was 0.244 +/- 0.017. In nine patients with minimal SVF, the mean DR was 0.181 +/- 0.025. In 10 patients with moderate SVF, the mean DR was 0.148 +/- 0.033. In 5 patients with severe SVF, the mean DR was 0.087 +/- 0.009. All mean DRs were mutually distinguishable at p less than 0.01. The clinical results and preoperative DR of 28 patients who had mitral commissurotomy were reviewed. A DR of less than 0.140 precluded a good longterm result from mitral commissurotomy alone. The DR reliably predicts the degree of SVF preoperatively and identifies patients with mitral stenosis who require valve replacement or a direct surgical attack on the subvalvular mechanism.
Primary Care and the Specialist
Authors: Neal A. Vanselow
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lysis of left ventricular thrombi with urokinase.
Authors: P Kremer, R Fiebig, V Tilsner, W Bleifeld, D G Mathey
Journal: Circulation (1985)

In 16 patients with recent myocardial infarction (3 to 12 week old) and with large left ventricular thrombi systemic thrombolysis with urokinase was performed. Left ventricular thrombi were diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiography; in all patients the mural thrombus was located in the area of recent myocardial infarction. Each of three patients suffered an embolic episode before the initiation of thrombolytic therapy and the episode caused a stroke in one. Urokinase was infused intravenously at a rate of 60,000 U/hr for 2 to 8 days in combination with intravenous heparin (200 units/kg X 12 hr). Left ventricular thrombi were successfully lysed in 10 of 16 patients, as determined by two-dimensional echocardiography. In four of the six remaining patients only partial thrombolysis was achieved and in two thrombolytic treatment failed. There was no evidence of embolic events during thrombolysis in any of the 16 patients. The success of thrombolysis seemed to depend on the age of the thrombus: the thrombus was dissolved in eight of nine patients undergoing thrombolysis within 4 weeks of the acute myocardial infarction vs in two of seven patients receiving treatment later (p = .057). The presence of a left ventricular aneurysm or depressed left ventricular function also appeared to reduce the likelihood of successful thrombolysis. All patients were discharged on oral anticoagulants. At 6 months follow-up (n = 9) no recurrence of left ventricular thrombus was found. These results show that left ventricular thrombi can be safely lysed by intravenous urokinase. However, for better definition of the risk and benefit of this new therapy further investigation is necessary.
Acute Psychological Disturbances Preceding Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Peter Reich
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To investigate the prevalence of acute psychological disturbances during the 24 hours preceding life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, we studied the mental states and psychological experiences preceding arrhythmic episodes in 117 patients who were referred for antiarrhythmic management. Sixty-two had survived cardiac arrest and 55 suffered symptomatic ventricular tachycardia. Twenty-five patients were experiencing acute emotional disturbances during the 24 hours preceding the arrhythmias. Eighteen had two or more episodes associated with psychological disturbances. These 25 patients were distinguished from the rest of the series in having generally less severe structural heart disease. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:233-235)
Vaginal Douching and Ectopic Pregnancy-Reply
Authors: Julius Schachter, Joan M. Chow, Richard L. Sweet
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> We appreciate the interest of Meyer et al in our study, which found previous exposure to<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>and current douching behavior to be risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. Our article and another study<sup>1</sup>have come to the same conclusions. That<i>C trachomatis</i>infection can damage fallopian tubes and thus impair fertility and increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy is clear. However, the role of douching in causing infertility or ectopic pregnancy is less certain. In our study, the increased risk of ectopic pregnancy associated with douching was independent of the risk associated with increased chlamydial antibody rates. Others have found douching and exposure to chlamydiae to be correlated.<sup>1</sup> We agree with Meyer et al that douching activity is culture related and varies among racial and/or ethnic groups. However, the matched-pair, case-control analysis that we did should have controlled for that type of confounding. We
Abstract B53: Proteasome inhibitor MG132 induces NAG-1 expression through activation of p38 MAPK pathway
Authors: Sachie Shimizu, Harriet Kinyamu, Hiroki Yoshioka, Mitsutoshi Kadowaki, Takashi Watanabe, Thomas Eling
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the highly invasive primary tumors with a poor prognosis despite current surgical, radiation and chemotherapy approaches. Proteasome inhibitor, an approved drug for treatment of hematological cancer is currently being tested in clinical trials against various malignancies, including GBM. The pro-apoptotic and antitumorigenic protein NAG-1(nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene-1) is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily. We showed that the proteasome inhibitor, MG132 induces NAG-1 protein and mRNA expression and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in U87 cells. Studies with NAG-1 luciferase reporter constructs show that the −133 to +41 region of the NAG-1 promoter is activated by MG132 however activation does not require the Sp-/Egr-1 binding site. Using the selective pharmacologic p38 mitogen -activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor, we showed that NAG-1 induction following MG132 is mediated by the p38 MAPK pathway. Pretreatment with MAPK inhibitor, SB203580 and SB202190, blocked the MG132-induced NAG-1 expression, whereas an inhibition of p53, JUNK, MEK, PKC, PKA activity had no effect on NAG-1 levels. In summary, our data indicate linkage between p38MAPK, NAG-1 and the proteasome inhibitor, MG132 and provides a new clue to the molecular mechanism of the antitumorigenic activity of NAG-1.
Nerve Growth Factor Induces a Neurokinin-1 Receptor– Mediated Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Guinea Pigs
Authors: ANNICK de VRIES, MARK C. DESSING, FERDI ENGELS, PAUL A. J. HENRICKS, FRANS P. NIJKAMP
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Because asthmatic patients show increased nerve growth factor (NGF) serum levels, we examined the effect of NGF on airway function. Intravenously administered NGF potentiates the histamine- induced bronchoconstriction with a maximum of over 200% in anesthetized spontaneously breathing guinea pigs. Doses of 8 ng and 80 ng NGF/kg body weight induce a significant hyperresponsiveness to histamine. NGF itself does not affect airway reactivity. Airway hyperresponsiveness is observed 30 min and 3 h after NGF administration, and has disappeared after 24 h. The neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist SR 140333 completely blocks the NGF-induced hyperresponsiveness, pointing to a role for tachykinins. This is the first report showing a direct relation between peripherally administered NGF and airway hyperresponsiveness. Taking into consideration that plasma NGF levels have been shown to be elevated in asthmatic patients, our result points to an important role for NGF in the pathogenesis of asthma.
Undulant Fever
Authors: S. U. MARIETTA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

Article1 December 1929Undulant FeverReport of Five CasesS. U. MARIETTAS. U. MARIETTASearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-6-611 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptJudging from the medical literature of the past two years it seems that I am one of the few remaining physicians in the United States who has not reported one or more cases of undulant fever. I therefore hasten to add my quota.No attempt is made to review the literature or to discuss anything of the distribution, etiology or bacteriology of this disease as these features are necessarily fresh in the minds of every one.Two of these cases perhaps have points of interest in that one of them was not affected in any way by the intravenous use... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: S. U. MARIETTAAffiliations: Medical Corps U. S. A. Letterman General Hospital San Francisco, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1929Volume 3, Issue 6Page: 611-615KeywordsBacteriologyEtiologyFevers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1929 PDF downloadLoading ...
Arterial-venous nitroglycerin gradient during intravenous infusion in man.
Authors: P W Armstrong, J A Moffat, G S Marks
Journal: Circulation (1982)

We assessed the concentration of nitroglycerin (GTN) measured in plasma at different sampling sites in the circulation during a constant i.v. infusion. Twenty patients with chronic congestive cardiac failure underwent hemodynamic monitoring during i.v. GTN infusion. Our end point was a reduction in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure by at least 25% of its control value or a 10-fold increment over the initial infusion rate. Nitroglycerin infusion produced no change in heart rate, a reduction in mean arterial pressure from 90 +/- 21 (+/- SD) to 83 +/- 17 mm Hg (p less than 0.001), a fall in total peripheral resistance from 24.3 +/- 10.8 to 20.8 +/- 7.0 units (p less than 0.02), and a substantial reduction in both pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (from 27 +/- 6 to 20 +/- 6 mm Hg, p less than 0.001) and right atrial pressure (from 12 +/- 4 to 8 +/- 4 mm Hg, p less than 0.001). The concentrations of GTN in the pulmonary artery and systemic artery were similar (29.8 ng/ml +/- 52.8 and 25.1 +/- 48.4 ng/ml, respectively) and considerably higher than the concentration in the peripheral vein (7.3 +/- 15.4 ng/ml). There was a 17.4 +/- 19.1% extraction of GTN across the pulmonary vascular bed and a 60.8 +/- 27.2% extraction across the arterial-venous bed (p less than 0.001). There was no relationship between the arterial-venous extraction and the magnitude of arterial plasma (GTN concentration, the duration of the infusion of GTN or the total dose administered. These data show that a better understanding of GTN pharmacokinetics is provided by simultaneous arterial and venous samples.
Psychotherapeutic Strategies in the Treatment of Psychophysiologic Disorders
Authors: R. Kellner
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1979)

The outlined treatment strategies are based on research findings. The techniques include repeated physical examinations to reassure patients with hypochondriacal concern and continuous empathy with the patient's distress; explanatory therapy which includes emphasis on the innocuousness of the phenomena, accurate information about the psychophysiologic processes involved, making the patient aware of his selective perception; deliberate suggestion when this is in keeping with accurate predictions and appropriate treatment of coexisting psychiatric disorders.
Drug Firms, Countries Hope to Cash in on Natural Products
Authors: Tom Reynolds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Drug Firms, Countries Hope to Cash in on Natural Products Get access Tom Reynolds Tom Reynolds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 15, 5 August 1992, Pages 1147–1149, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.15.1147 Published: 05 August 1992
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase mediates the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat
Authors: Carmen Peralta, Ramón Bartrons, Anna Serafin, Cristina Blázquez, Manuel Guzmán, Neus Prats, Carme Xaus, Blanca Cutillas, Emilio Gelpí, Joan Roselló-Catafau
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury associated with liver transplantation and hepatic resections are an unresolved problem in the clinical practice. Preconditioning is known to preserve energy metabolism in liver during sustained ischemia, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are still unclear. Different metabolic signals, including adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and nitric oxide (NO), have been implicated in preconditioning. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protects cells by acting as a low-fuel warning system, becoming switched on by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion. NO synthesis is induced by AMPK in the heart during ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate: 1) whether preconditioning induces AMPK activation; and 2) if AMPK activation leads to ATP preservation and reduced lactate accumulation during prolonged ischemia and its relationship with NO. Preconditioning activated AMPK and concomitantly reduced ATP degradation, lactate accumulation, and hepatic injury. The administration of an AMPK activator, AICAR, before ischemia simulated the benefits of preconditioning on energy metabolism and hepatic injury. The inhibition of AMPK abolished the protective effects of preconditioning. The effect of AMPK on energy metabolism was independent of NO because the inhibition of NO synthesis in the preconditioned group and the administration of the NO donor before ischemia, or to the preconditioned group with previous inhibition of AMPK, had no effect on energy metabolism. Both preconditioning and AICAR pretreatment, through AMPK activation, may be useful surgical and pharmacologic strategies aimed at reducing hepatic I/R injury.