tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impaired Natural Killer Cell Phenotype and Function in Idiopathic and Heritable Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Mark L. Ormiston, Chiwen Chang, Lu L. Long, Elaine Soon, Des Jones, Rajiv Machado, Carmen Treacy, Mark R. Toshner, Kate Campbell, Alex Riding, Mark Southwood, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, Andrew Exley, Richard C. Trembath, Francesco Colucci, Mark Wills, John Trowsdale, Nicholas W. Morrell
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Beyond their role as innate immune effectors, natural killer (NK) cells are emerging as important regulators of angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by severe pulmonary vascular remodeling and has long been associated with immune dysfunction. Despite this association, a role for NK cells in disease pathology has not yet been described. Methods and Results— Analysis of whole blood lymphocytes and isolated NK cells from PAH patients revealed an expansion of the functionally defective CD56 − /CD16 + NK subset that was not observed in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. NK cells from PAH patients also displayed decreased levels of the activating receptor NKp46 and the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors 2DL1/S1 and 3DL1, reduced secretion of the cytokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, and a significant impairment in cytolytic function associated with decreased killer immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 expression. Genotyping patients (n=222) and controls (n=191) for killer immunoglobulin-like receptor gene polymorphisms did not explain these observations. Rather, we show that NK cells from PAH patients exhibit increased responsiveness to transforming growth factor-β, which specifically downregulates disease-associated killer immunoglobulin-like receptors. NK cell number and cytotoxicity were similarly decreased in the monocrotaline rat and chronic hypoxia mouse models of PAH, accompanied by reduced production of interferon-γ in NK cells from hypoxic mice. NK cells from PAH patients also produced elevated quantities of matrix metalloproteinase 9, consistent with a capacity to influence vascular remodeling. Conclusions— Our work is the first to identify an impairment of NK cells in PAH and suggests a novel and substantive role for innate immunity in the pathobiology of this disease.
Management of Chronic Tension-Type Headache With Tricyclic Antidepressant Medication, Stress Management Therapy, and Their Combination
Authors: Kenneth A. Holroyd, Francis J. O'Donnell, Michael Stensland, Gay L. Lipchik, Gary E. Cordingley, Bruce W. Carlson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Context Chronic tension-type headaches are characterized by near-daily headaches and often are difficult to manage in primary practice. Behavioral and pharmacological therapies each appear modestly effective, but data are lacking on their separate and combined effects. Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological therapies, singly and combined, for chronic tension-type headaches. Design and Setting Randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted from August 1995 to January 1998 at 2 outpatient sites in Ohio. Participants Two hundred three adults (mean age, 37 years; 76% women) with diagnosis of chronic tension-type headaches (mean, 26 headache d/mo). Interventions Participants were randomly assigned to receive tricyclic antidepressant (amitriptyline hydrochloride, up to 100 mg/d, or nortriptyline hydrochloride, up to 75 mg/d) medication (n = 53), placebo (n = 48), stress management (eg, relaxation, cognitive coping) therapy (3 sessions and 2 telephone contacts) plus placebo (n = 49), or stress management therapy plus antidepressant medication (n = 53). Main Outcome Measures Monthly headache index scores calculated as the mean of pain ratings (0-10 scale) recorded by participants in a daily diary 4 times per day; number of days per month with at least moderate pain (pain rating ≥5), analgesic medication use, and Headache Disability Inventory scores, compared by intervention group. Results Tricyclic antidepressant medication and stress management therapy each produced larger reductions in headache activity, analgesic medication use, and headache-related disability than placebo, but antidepressant medication yielded more rapid improvements in headache activity. Combined therapy was more likely to produce clinically significant (≥50%) reductions in headache index scores (64% of participants) than antidepressant medication (38% of participants; P = .006), stress management therapy (35%; P = .003), or placebo (29%; P = .001). On other measures the combined therapy and its 2 component therapies produced similar outcomes. Conclusions Our results indicate that antidepressant medication and stress management therapy are each modestly effective in treating chronic tension-type headaches. Combined therapy may improve outcome relative to monotherapy.
GPs warn of longer waiting times for appointments without more investment
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

More than 70% of GPs predict that patients will have to wait longer for a GP appointment within the next two years because of the growing workload in primary care, a survey by the Royal College of General Practitioners has found.

Of the 208 GPs from across the United Kingdom who responded to the survey, more than 80% said that they now had insufficient resources to provide …
The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the shark Mustelus manazo: evaluating rooting contradictions to living bony vertebrates
Authors: Y. Cao, P. J. Waddell, N. Okada, M. Hasegawa
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

A remarkable example of a misleading mitochondrial protein tree is presented, involving ray-finned fishes, coelacanths, lungfishes, and tetrapods, with sea lampreys as an outgroup. In previous molecular phylogenetic studies on the origin of tetrapods, ray-finned fishes have been assumed as an outgroup to the tetrapod/lungfish/coelacanth clade, an assumption supported by morphological evidence. Standard methods of molecular phylogenetics applied to the protein-encoding genes of mitochondria, however, give a bizarre tree in which lamprey groups with lungfish and, therefore, ray-finned fishes are not the outgroup to a tetrapod/lungfish/coelacanth clade. All of the dozens of published phylogenetic methods, including every possible modification to maximum likelihood known to us (such as inclusion of site heterogeneity and exclusion of potentially misleading hydrophobic amino acids), fail to place the ray-finned fishes in a biologically acceptable position. A likely cause of this failure may be the use of an inappropriate outgroup. Accordingly, we have determined the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence from the shark, Mustelus manazo, which we have used as an alternative and more proximal outgroup than the lamprey. Using sharks as the outgroup, lungfish appear to be the closest living relative of tetrapods, although the possibility of a lungfish/coelacanth clade being the sister group of tetrapods cannot be excluded.
Exhibits at the Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: Frank B. Wynn
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Indianapolis, Ind., Nov. 11, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In bringing to the attention of the readers of theJournala subject which I have in view, I am obliged to briefly mention some facts that will be in the nature of stale news to many. I refer to the Pathological Department of the Indiana State Medical Society. It has already received such favorable editorial mention that, we feel its introduction to the profession of the country has been quite general. The cordial reception of this unique departure is society work has been most gratifying to its promoters. The movement began in 1897, when an appeal was made to the members of the Indiana State Medical Society for pathologic specimens. At each annual meeting since, an exhibit has been made of the specimens contributed. The collection numbered about 200 in 1898, and almost 800 in 1899. It represented a wide range
Prospectively ECG-Triggered Rapid kV-Switching Dual-Energy CT for Quantitative Imaging of Myocardial Perfusion
Authors: Aaron So, Jiang Hsieh, Yasuhiro Imai, Suresh Narayanan, John Kramer, Karen Procknow, Sandeep Dutta, Jonathon Leipsic, James K. Min, Troy LaBounty, Ting-Yim Lee
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
Sustained ventricular tachycardia in recent canine myocardial infarction.
Authors: H Garan, J T Fallon, J N Ruskin
Journal: Circulation (1980)

To study recurrent ventricular tachycardia in the late phase or myocardial infarction (MI), transmural anteroapical infarcts were created by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in 25 dogs. Twenty dogs survived LAD ligation and underwent an open-chest electrophysiologic study an average of 20 days after MI. Programmed electrical stimulation was carried out using the extrastimulus technique and short bursts of rapid ventricular pacing via bipolar electrodes positioned at multiple left ventricular endocardial sites. Sixteen dogs had electrically induced ventricular tachycardia, and in 11, sustained ventricular tachycardia was reproducibly initiated and terminated by programmed ventricular stimulation. Short bursts of rapid left ventricular pacing from areas in periinfarct zone was the most effective technique for initiating ventricular tachycardia. The electrophysiologic phenomena in this model of sustained ventricular tachycardia in 3-week-old MI included electrically induced changes in rate and morphology and biventricular capture without termination during tachycardia.
Treatment of hyperpigmentation component in chronic radiodermatitis with alexandrite epilation laser
Authors: J. Santos-Juanes, P. Coto-Segura, C. Galache Osuna, J. Sánchez del Río, J. Soto de Delás
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Treatment of hyperpigmentation component in chronic radiodermatitis with alexandrite epilation laser Get access J. Santos‐Juanes, J. Santos‐Juanes Service of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Asturias, Spain E‐mail: jsantosj@hca.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Coto‐Segura, P. Coto‐Segura Service of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Asturias, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Galache Osuna, C. Galache Osuna Service of Dermatology, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Asturias, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Sánchez del Río, J. Sánchez del Río Service of Dermatology, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Asturias, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Soto de Delás J. Soto de Delás Department of Dermatology, Universidad del País Vasco, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 160, Issue 1, 1 January 2009, Pages 210–211, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08918.x Published: 01 January 2009
High-tech Assault on HIV: Gene Therapy
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

GENE THERAPY may still be in its infancy, but it is cutting teeth on attempts to ameliorate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Indeed, knowledge about the HIV genome seems to have come faster than clinical advances in treating the infection itself, and work with HIV clearly is breaking new ground in the field of gene therapy in ways likely to have impact far beyond the treatment of AIDS. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Md, is including several gene therapy approaches, along with other innovative cell transfer studies, in the new Strategic Program for Innovative Research on AIDS Treatment (SPIRAT). SPIRAT is "crucial," says NIAID Director Anthony Fauci, MD, because anti-HIV drugs "only partially and temporarily suppress" viral replication and are "hampered by toxicity and drug resistance." <h3>Enthusiasm and Cooperation</h3> There is "great enthusiasm about the potential of gene therapy" for treating HIV disease, says William
SHORTER HOSPITAL STAYS AND OUTCOMES AFTER NON-ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Jennifer Rymer, Michael Tempelhof, Robert Clare, Karen Pieper, Renato Lopes, Christopher Granger, Frans Van De Werf, David Moliterno, Robert Harrington, Harvey White, Paul Armstrong, Robert Califf, Kenneth Mahaffey, L. Kristin Newby
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Cross-linking the murine heat-stable antigen induces apoptosis in B cell precursors and suppresses the anti-CD40-induced proliferation of mature resting B lymphocytes.
Authors: M S Chappel, M R Hough, A Mittel, F Takei, R Kay, R K Humphries
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

The murine heat-stable antigen (HSA) is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked cell surface protein which has been implicated in cellular adhesion processes, the co-stimulation of CD4+ T cells, and B cell memory. We have recently demonstrated a significant reduction in pro-B and pre-B lymphocytes in transgenic mice that overexpress HSA. We now report that cross-linking HSA with the M1/69 monoclonal antibody induces the apoptosis of cultured B cell precursors in a stomal cell and cytokine-independent manner and that sensitivity to HSA-mediated cell death increases with developmental maturity. The cross-linking of HSA does not induce apoptosis in mature splenic B cells, but instead inhibits their ability to proliferate in response to anti-CD40 + IL-4. Taken together, these data implicate HSA as a potent negative regulator of B cell development and activation.
The Impact of eHealth on the Quality and Safety of Health Care: A Systematic Overview
Authors: Ashly D. Black, Josip Car, Claudia Pagliari, Chantelle Anandan, Kathrin Cresswell, Tomislav Bokun, Brian McKinstry, Rob Procter, Azeem Majeed, Aziz Sheikh
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

There is considerable international interest in exploiting the potential of digital solutions to enhance the quality and safety of health care. Implementations of transformative eHealth technologies are underway globally, often at very considerable cost. In order to assess the impact of eHealth solutions on the quality and safety of health care, and to inform policy decisions on eHealth deployments, we undertook a systematic review of systematic reviews assessing the effectiveness and consequences of various eHealth technologies on the quality and safety of care.We developed novel search strategies, conceptual maps of health care quality, safety, and eHealth interventions, and then systematically identified, scrutinised, and synthesised the systematic review literature. Major biomedical databases were searched to identify systematic reviews published between 1997 and 2010. Related theoretical, methodological, and technical material was also reviewed. We identified 53 systematic reviews that focused on assessing the impact of eHealth interventions on the quality and/or safety of health care and 55 supplementary systematic reviews providing relevant supportive information. This systematic review literature was found to be generally of substandard quality with regards to methodology, reporting, and utility. We thematically categorised eHealth technologies into three main areas: (1) storing, managing, and transmission of data; (2) clinical decision support; and (3) facilitating care from a distance. We found that despite support from policymakers, there was relatively little empirical evidence to substantiate many of the claims made in relation to these technologies. Whether the success of those relatively few solutions identified to improve quality and safety would continue if these were deployed beyond the contexts in which they were originally developed, has yet to be established. Importantly, best practice guidelines in effective development and deployment strategies are lacking.There is a large gap between the postulated and empirically demonstrated benefits of eHealth technologies. In addition, there is a lack of robust research on the risks of implementing these technologies and their cost-effectiveness has yet to be demonstrated, despite being frequently promoted by policymakers and "techno-enthusiasts" as if this was a given. In the light of the paucity of evidence in relation to improvements in patient outcomes, as well as the lack of evidence on their cost-effectiveness, it is vital that future eHealth technologies are evaluated against a comprehensive set of measures, ideally throughout all stages of the technology's life cycle. Such evaluation should be characterised by careful attention to socio-technical factors to maximise the likelihood of successful implementation and adoption.
Sublethal Exposure to Microwave Radar
Authors: Mauricio Castillo
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —Injuries resulting from exposure to microwave radiation are rare and usually occur in association with the use of microwave ovens. Both accidental and intentional (resulting from child abuse) injuries have been reported. 1,2 Microwaves are also used in industrial applications and in our national defense. For example, radar transmitters in the F-16 jet fighter operate with frequencies within the microwave spectrum. We briefly describe a rare case of accidental exposure to this type of radiation from an airplane radar system in which the patient survived.  Report of a Case.  —A 42-year-old male pilot inadvertently stood in front of a functioning microwave airfighter radar system for approximately five minutes. At that time, a moderate sensation of heat was perceived in the head and neck. The following morning while shaving, the patient noticed a small, tender lump in the lower right aspect of his neck. This mass continued to
Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Authors: Ryan A. Wilcox
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Disease overview: Cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas are a heterogenous group of T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders involving the skin, the majority of which may be classified as Mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS). Diagnosis: The diagnosis of MF or SS requires the integration of clinical and histopathologic data. Risk‐adapted therapy: Tumor, node, metastasis, and blood (TNMB) staging remains the most important prognostic factor in MF/SS and forms the basis for a “risk‐adapted,” multidisciplinary approach to treatment. For patients with disease limited to the skin, expectant management or skin‐directed therapies is preferred, as both disease‐specific and overall survival for these patients is favorable. In contrast, patients with advanced‐stage disease with significant nodal, visceral, or blood involvement are generally approached with biologic‐response modifiers, denileukin diftitox, and histone deacetylase inhibitors before escalating therapy to include systemic, single‐agent chemotherapy. Multiagent chemotherapy may be used for those patients with extensive visceral involvement requiring rapid disease control. In highly‐selected patients with disease refractory to standard treatments, allogeneic stem‐cell transplantation may be considered. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apolipoprotein(a) gene accounts for greater than 90% of the variation in plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations.
Authors: E Boerwinkle, C C Leffert, J Lin, C Lackner, G Chiesa, H H Hobbs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Plasma lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], a low density lipoprotein particle with an attached apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], varies widely in concentration between individuals. These concentration differences are heritable and inversely related to the number of kringle 4 repeats in the apo(a) gene. To define the genetic determinants of plasma Lp(a) levels, plasma Lp(a) concentrations and apo(a) genotypes were examined in 48 nuclear Caucasian families. Apo(a) genotypes were determined using a newly developed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis method which distinguished 19 different genotypes at the apo(a) locus. The apo(a) gene itself was found to account for virtually all the genetic variability in plasma Lp(a) levels. This conclusion was reached by analyzing plasma Lp(a) levels in siblings who shared zero, one, or two apo(a) genes that were identical by descent (ibd). Siblings with both apo(a) alleles ibd (n = 72) have strikingly similar plasma Lp(a) levels (r = 0.95), whereas those who shared no apo(a) alleles (n = 52), had dissimilar concentrations (r = -0.23). The apo(a) gene was estimated to be responsible for 91% of the variance of plasma Lp(a) concentration. The number of kringle 4 repeats in the apo(a) gene accounted for 69% of the variation, and yet to be defined cis-acting sequences at the apo(a) locus accounted for the remaining 22% of the inter-individual variation in plasma Lp(a) levels. During the course of these studies we observed the de novo generation of a new apo(a) allele, an event that occurred once in 376 meioses.
Medical care of homeless and rootless young people.
Authors: H M Holden
Journal: BMJ (1975)

ConclusionsObviously there is much room for improvement in hospital discharge reports, both in the type and amount of information recorded and in the presentation of this information.The data that family doctors find important is accurate identification of patient and consultant, a diagnostic assessment, information on drug reactions and treatment on discharge, and.possibly most important in the case of seriously ill patients, a note on how far the patient has been informed about his prognosis-should not be lost among narrative but should be immediately identifiable.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Yunzhi-Danshen on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Y.X. Bao, C.K. Wong, P.W. Li, E.L. Wong, A.T. Chan, S.F. Leung, P.C. Leung, K.P. Fung, Y.B. Yin, W.K. Lam
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Effect of PUVA on plasma and skin immunoreactive α-melanocyte stimulating hormone concentrations
Authors: J. SPIRO, S. PARKER, I. OLIVER, C. FRASER, JANET M. MARKS, A. J. THODY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Effect of PUVA on plasma and skin immunoreactive α‐melanocyte stimulating hormone concentrations J. SPIRO, J. SPIRO Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. PARKER, S. PARKER Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. OLIVER, I. OLIVER Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. FRASER, C. FRASER Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JANET M. MARKS, JANET M. MARKS Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. J. THODY A. J. THODY Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U. K. Dr A. J. Thody, Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue 6, 1 December 1987, Pages 703–707, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb07349.x Published: 01 December 1987