tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2569: Combination of the albumin-binding prodrug of doxorubicin (INNO-206) and doxorubicin produces complete remissions in an ovarian A2780 xenograft model
Authors: Felix Kratz, Iduna Fichtner, Ralph Graeser
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract INNO-206, the (6-maleimidocaproyl)hydrazone of doxorubicin (DOXO-EMCH) is an albumin-binding prodrug of doxorubicin with acid-sensitive properties that has demonstrated superior antitumor efficacy in eight murine tumor models compared to doxorubicin. After intravenous administration, INNO-206 rapidly binds to the cysteine-34 position of circulating albumin and accumulates in solid tumors due to passive targeting. It has shown objective responses in a phase I study, and phase II studies are planned for 2011 at the recommended dose of 260 mg/m2 i.e. an approximate 4-fold increase over the standard dose for doxorubicin. Interestingly, in contrast to free doxorubicin, which primarily locates in the nucleus, INNO-206, mainly accumulates in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the binding of INNO-206 to albumin and the resulting EPR-mediated accumulation and distribution in the tumor will differ from the distribution of free doxorubicin which will be mediated by diffusion. There might thus be a rationale to combine the two drug formulations for obtaining an optimal antitumor effect. Indeed, in cell culture experiments using A2780 cells, a moderate synergy was found at a 5:1 ratio of free Doxo : INNO-206. In a next step, we therefore tested whether a combination of suboptimal doses of INNO-206 with doxorubicin improved the therapeutic efficacy of INNO-206 or doxorubicin at their respective maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) in the mouse model. We treated nude mice with subcutaneously growing ovarian A2780 xenografts on a weekly schedule with 2 × 8 mg/kg doxorubicin (MTD), 3 × 24 mg/kg INNO-206 (doxorubicin equivalents) (MTD) and a combination of 3 × 12 mg/kg INNO-206 (doxorubicin equivalents) and 3 × 4 mg/kg doxorubicin. In the combination protocol, INNO-206 was administered 6 h prior to doxorubicin treatment. Doxorubicin showed a very moderate effect and a body weight loss of -21 %, whereas INNO-206 and also the combination produced complete remissions. The combination, however, was much better tolerated causing a body weight loss of -12 % compared to -31 % for INNO-206. The surprising result of this experiment is that the doses used in the combination regimen were able to induce complete remission and the best tolerability considering that when dosed individually at these doses, neither doxorubicin or INNO-206 would have produced such an impressive antitumor response. This work is an impetus for investigating further combinations of albumin-binding prodrugs with clinically established anticancer agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2569. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2569
Hope Brought Him Home
Authors: Ted Kohler
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Residents tend to be youthful, immature, energetic, impulsive, and idealistic. These qualities occasionally combine to allow them to be more caring physicians than they ever may be again as fully trained doctors. An incident that occurred while my wife, Hope, was a pediatric resident illustrates this point.  She cared for a 5-year-old patient named Billy who had disseminated Burkitt's lymphoma. Appropriate treatments had been tried; all had failed. He lived in Albuquerque, but his mother, an intensive care unit nurse, was from New England. She had brought Billy to Boston to get a final medical opinion, and also to give her family and Billy a chance to say good-bye. While visiting, Billy required hospitalization for sepsis after attempts to keep him comfortable at home receiving antibiotics and pain medication failed. When it appeared that death was imminent, Hope recommended that Billy's father fly to Boston, which he did, assisted by
Blood Transfusions and Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Olivier Busch, Wim Hop, Marlene Hoynck van Papendrecht, Richard L. Marquet, Johannes Jeekel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Blood transfusions may adversely affect the prognosis of patients treated surgically for cancer, although definite proof of this adverse effect has not been reported.
Abstract 4300: Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Implications of Coronary Stent Fracture: A Meta-analysis of 5321 Patients
Authors: Tarun Chakravarty, Mamta H Buch, Anthony J White, Hursh Naik, Niraj Doctor, Jay Schapira, Saibal Kar, James S Forrester, Robert E Weiss, Raj Makkar
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background Coronary stent fracture is a recently identified complication of drug-eluting stents; however, the clinical implications of stent fracture remain unclear. We thus conducted a meta-analys...
The effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic structure of amphiphilic polymeric micelles on their transport in epithelial MDCK cells
Authors: Chao Yu, Bing He, Meng-Hua Xiong, Hua Zhang, Lan Yuan, Ling Ma, Wen-Bing Dai, Jun Wang, Xing-Lin Wang, Xue-Qing Wang, Qiang Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Fundamental Techniques of Plastic Surgery and Their Surgical Applications
Authors: Bradford Cannon
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Ian A. McGregor's book, Fundamental  of Plastic Surgery , is now in its third edition. Each edition has surpassed its predecessor in the value of its contents to the surgical reader. Since the first edition appeared, this reviewer has recommended these volumes to house staff, to surgical colleagues, and to other specialists as a splendid source book of general and specific information.  The book is divided into two parts, Basic Techniques and Surgical Applications. In the first part, details of wound care and suturing, varieties of free skin grafts, types of local and remote skin flaps, and details of Z-plastic techniques have been carefully described and illustrated. The author presents valuable and practical hints to escape pitfalls and he avoids an encyclopedic text by including only those methods he found to work best in practice. It is gratifying to learn that some surgeons still prefer the skin graft knife to
Health and the Developing World
Authors: E. James Potchen
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This is an outstanding book! The Rockefeller Foundation study group chose Dr. Bryant to present their material on health care in developing countries. The title is somewhat forbidding and may limit reader appeal; however, the book contains the most moving series of case histories I have ever read. Dr. Bryant successfully presents in a highly readable fashion what could be dry statistical material. The chapters describe the various factors contributing to the health of selected developing countries. A detailed study of the "health team" concludes that a significant factor limiting health care delivery is the lack of physicians willingness to "delegate to nonprofessional personnel responsibility traditionally handled by professionals." This problem recurred, to some extent, in every country studied, despite the fact that some one half of the world's population have no access to any medical care. The deficiencies are related to the health care systems designed around European colonial
William Cullen and the Eighteenth Century Medical World
Authors: Saty Satya-Murti
Journal: JAMA (1994)

William Cullen (1710-1790) was a distinguished Scottish physician of the 18th century. He was a ship's surgeon and a practitioner in his hometown of Hamilton. Later he taught at Glasgow and Edinburgh. He had a large consultant practice not only in Scotland but also in England and Europe. He taught chemistry and medicine and wrote several books. He had such distinguished contemporaries as Adam Smith and such famous pupils as Joseph Black, discoverer of carbon dioxide ("fixed air"), and William Withering, who discerned foxglove's medicinal properties. Cullen was generous, sympathetic, modest, and well liked. All these attributes and accomplishments should have been enough to earn him a safe place in the history of medicine. History, though, is an unforgiving judge, and it accords a much more prominent position to Cullen's contemporaries Smith, Samuel Johnson, James Boswell, Benjamin Franklin, and Benjamin Rush. This may be so because Cullen "discovered nothing; no
OVARIAN DYSFUNCTIONS AND THEIR TREATMENT
Authors: C. FREDERIC FLUHMANN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The ovaries have three essential functions: First, they produce ova, the germ cells. Second, they elaborate or metabolize estrogenic substances, which play a primary role in the development of the female secondary sex characters and in the maintenance of the accessory genital organs. Third, in them is formed corpus luteum, an ovarian structure which appears at cyclic intervals and produces a hormone, progesterone, which is indispensable for reproduction.  Ovarian dysfunctions must be regarded as manifestations of deficiency or hyperactivity of one or more of these phenomena, but with the present knowledge a classification in terms of clinical syndromes is impossible. For this reason it is best to discuss the subject not on the basis of ovarian pathologic conditions but indirectly from evidences of gonadal disturbance obtained from the study of disorders of menstruation. It must be granted that there are disadvantages in doing this, since one must deal with symptoms
Unilateral Rotary Subluxation of C-3 on C-4
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Dr. Maureen Molloy: An 18-year-old healthy man fell headfirst a distance of about 12 ft into 2 ft of water. He was uncertain whether or not he lost consciousness, but from the time of the accident he was unable to move his right arm well. He was taken to a neighboring hospital where x-ray films showed a dislocation of C-3 on C-4. An adjustable cervical collar was applied, and he was referred to the Massachusetts General Hospital for treatment.  On arrival in the emergency ward, approximately 8 hours after the injury, he was drowsy but could be aroused easily. His blood pressure was 130/80 mm Hg, his pulse 88 beats per minute, and his respirations 18 per minute. There was blood on both lips with a laceration of the midupper gum. His nostrils were crusted with blood.  The patient's chest was clear to percussion and auscultation. Both the diaphragm and intercostal
Clinical, morphological, cytogenetic, and prognostic features of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and del(5q) including band q31
Authors: A A N Giagounidis, U Germing, S Haase, B Hildebrandt, B Schlegelberger, C Schoch, L Wilkens, M Heinsch, H Willems, M Aivado, C Aul
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Counseling About Physical Activity
Authors: Larry W. Gibbons
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article entitled "Physical Activity Counseling for Healthy Adults as a Primary Preventive Intervention in the Clinical Setting,"<sup>1</sup>the authors state that "screening asymptomatic persons for occult disease is not economically feasible and subjects them to psychological distress and to a significant risk of morbidity and mortality during further diagnostic workup." Also, it is stated that "exercise ECGs [electrocardiograms] produce many false-positive results, estimated at 80% in asymptomatic persons." The authors cite a false-positive rate of 80%, referencing an article by Shepard.<sup>2</sup>This is an error. The actual false-positive rate in Shepard's article was 70%, assuming a 5% prevalence of coronary disease in the population being tested. Also, in the United States, it is more likely that the prevalence of asymptomatic disease is closer to 10% or higher, which would significantly lower the estimated rates of false-positive tests.<sup>3(p369)</sup> From a public health standpoint,
Blood lead concentration, blood pressure, and renal function.
Authors: S J Pocock, A G Shaper, D Ashby, T Delves, T P Whitehead
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Blood lead concentrations were related to blood pressure and indicators of renal function in a clinical survey of 7735 middle aged men from 24 British towns. There was no overall evidence that blood lead concentrations were associated with systolic or diastolic blood pressure (r = +0.03 and +0.01, respectively). In the 74 men with a blood lead concentration of 1.8 mumol/l (37.3 micrograms/100 ml) or more there was some suggestion of increased hypertension, but this did not reach significance. Blood lead concentration did not have any relation with serum creatinine concentration. Moderate increases in blood lead concentration were associated with small increases in mean serum urate concentration and small decreases in mean serum urea concentration; these associations were both reduced when alcohol consumption was taken into account. There is no indication that exposure to lead at concentrations commonly encountered in British men is responsible for impaired renal function or increased blood pressure.
Massive Catecholamine Release From Caffeine Poisoning
Authors: Neal L. Benowitz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

CAFFEINE is widely consumed both in beverages such as coffee, tea, or cola soft drinks and in over-the-counter anorectic, stimulant, diuretic, and analgesic drugs. The sympathomimetic effects of caffeine are well known and are believed to result from inhibition of phosphodiesterase, an enzyme that degrades the β-adrenergic messenger, cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Recently, it was shown that caffeine in doses that might be consumed in beverages increases plasma catecholamine concentrations.<sup>1</sup>We have observed a patient who took a suicidal overdose of caffeine and had a hyperadrenergic syndrome associated with markedly elevated circulating catecholamine concentrations. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 30-year-old woman was found on the floor of her room, acting bizarrely. She had a history of bipolar affective illness with hypomanic behavior and hallucinations. For several days, she had been obsessed with the idea that her body was ridden with cancer, which led to her ingestion of four bottles of
Risk factors for arterial and venous thrombosis in WHO-defined essential thrombocythemia: an international study of 891 patients
Authors: Alessandra Carobbio, Juergen Thiele, Francesco Passamonti, Elisa Rumi, Marco Ruggeri, Francesco Rodeghiero, Maria Luigia Randi, Irene Bertozzi, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Elisabetta Antonioli, Heinz Gisslinger, Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch, Guido Finazzi, Naseema Gangat, Ayalew Tefferi, Tiziano Barbui
Journal: Blood (2011)
Do Lackluster Trial Findings Mean New Avenues Are Needed for Heart Research?
Authors: M. Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metoclopramide and Gastric Stasis
Authors: BEN HANDELSMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1982Metoclopramide and Gastric StasisBEN HANDELSMAN, M.D.BEN HANDELSMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-1-139_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent double-blind, controlled study by Snape and associates (1), which showed the superiority of oral metoclopramide versus placebo in relieving symptoms of gastric stasis in patients with chronic insulin-dependent diabetes, is most welcome, particularly because this application is the indication for which the oral form of the drug was recently released. However, there was no mention of a minimum evaluation, as recommended in a recent letter (2), before diagnosing the delay of gastric emptying as idiopathic (gastroparesis diabeticorum being a diagnosis of exclusion). Unfortunately, no mention was made of anatomic studies (upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or barium...References1. SNAPEBATTLESCHWARTZBRAUNSTEINGOLDSTEINALAVI WWSSHA. Metoclopramide to treat gastroparesis due to diabetes mellitus. A double-blind, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:444-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MCCALLUMSALTZMAN RM. "Tachygastria" [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:379-80. LinkGoogle Scholar3. BRADYRICHARDSON PR. Gastric bezoar formation secondary to gastroparesis diabeticorum. Arch Intern Med. 1977;137:1729. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CAMPBELLHEADINGTOTHILLBUISTEWINGCLARKE IRPTDB. Gastric emptying in diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Gut. 1977;18:462-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1982Volume 97, Issue 1Page: 139-139KeywordsDrugsEndoscopyGastroparesisInsulin Issue Published: 1 July 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Nature and specificity of the immune response to collagen in type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
Authors: J M Stuart, A S Townes, A H Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

To determine the role of collagen-immunity in the development of collagen-induced arthritis, DBA/1 mice were immunized with type II collagen and observed for the development of polyarthritis. 96% of the mice immunized with native type II collagen developed inflammatory arthritis between 4 and 5 wk after primary immunization. Immunization with denatured type II collagen in exactly the same manner was not effective in inducing arthritis. Cell-mediated immunity in arthritic mice was assessed by measuring [3H]thymidine incorporation by mononuclear cells cultured in the presence of collagen. The maximal proliferative response to collagen occurred at 2 wk after immunization. Equally good incorporation of label occurred when cells were cultured with native or denatured type II collagen or type I collagen. The cellular response of nonarthritic mice immunized with denatured collagen was indistinguishable from that seen in arthritic mice. Humoral immunity was assessed by an ELISA assay for antibodies to collagen. The immunoglobulin M (IgM) response peaked at 2 wk and the IgG response at 5 wk after immunization. Antisera from arthritic mice immunized with native type II collagen were relatively specific for conformational determinants on the native type II molecule although some reactivity with denatured collagen was noted. Antisera from nonarthritic mice immunized with denatured collagen primarily recognized covalent structural determinants. It was concluded that native type II collagen was essential for the induction of arthritis and that an antibody response specific for native type II collagen may be important for the development of arthritis.
The prevalence and clinical significance of residual myocardial ischemia 2 weeks after uncomplicated non-Q wave infarction: a prospective natural history study.
Authors: R S Gibson, G A Beller, M Gheorghiade, T W Nygaard, D D Watson, B L Huey, S L Sayre, D L Kaiser
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Despite having smaller infarct size and better left ventricular function, patients with non-Q wave myocardial infarction (NQMI) appear to have an unexpectedly high long-term mortality that is ultimately comparable to that of patients with Q-wave myocardial infarction (QMI). Patients with NQMI may lose their initial prognostic advantage because there is more viable tissue in the perfusion zone of the infarct-related vessel, rendering myocardium more prone to reinfarction. We tested this hypothesis in a prospective study of 241 consecutive patients 65 years of age or younger with acute uncomplicated myocardial infarction confirmed by creatine kinase levels (MB fraction). All patients received customary care and none underwent thrombolytic therapy or emergency angioplasty. Predischarge coronary angiography, radionuclide ventriculography, 24 hr Holter monitoring, and quantitative thallium-201 (201T1) scintigraphy during treadmill exercise were performed 10 +/- 3 days after infarction. Infarcts were designated as QMI (n = 154) or NQMI (n = 87) by accepted criteria applied to serial electrocardiograms obtained on days 1, 2, 3, and 10. The baseline Norris coronary prognostic index, angiographic jeopardy scores, and prevalence of Lown grade ventricular arrhythmias were similar between groups despite evidence for less necrosis with NQMI vs QMI, reflected by lower peak creatine kinase levels (520 vs 1334 IU/liter; p = .0001, 4 hr sampling), higher resting left ventricular ejection fraction (53% vs 46%; p = .0001), fewer akinetic or dyskinetic segments (1.2 vs 2.4; p = .0001), and fewer persistent 201Tl defects in the infarct zone (0.9 vs 1.9; p = .0001). Patients with NQMI also had more patent infarct-related vessels (54% vs 25%; p less than .0001) and a shorter time from onset of infarction to peak creatine kinase level (16.9 vs 22.5 hr; p = .0001). Importantly, the prevalence and extent of quantitatively determined 201Tl redistribution within the infarct zone on exercise scintigraphy was greater in patients with NQMI vs those with QMI (60% vs 36%, p = .007; and 0.98 vs 0.53 myocardial segments, p = .0003); when the two groups were stratified on the basis of the infarct-related vessel, subset analysis revealed the same findings. During 30 months median follow-up, cardiac mortality was low, 8.4% in the QMI group and 9.2% in the NQMI group (p = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE OF DOUBTFUL NATURE.PRELIMINARY NOTE.
Authors: LEONARD K. HIRSHBERG
Journal: JAMA (1906)

During the past four years I have had six cases<sup>1</sup>of continuous fever, which lasted from seven to sixteen days, without enlarged spleen, abdominal tenderness, rose spots, or a positive Widal reaction. In no case were malarial parasites demonstrated; nor was leucocytosis present. The cases all occurred in Baltimore, in young adults, between June and December. The onset was acute in every case, with a rapidly ascending temperature, which was the main feature, a strong, full pulse which never rose over 80, and flushed face, analogous to that seen in typhoid. In the last three cases agglutination tests were made with strands of paratyphoid, as well as typhoid cultures. They were both entirely negative. The object in calling attention to these few cases is to lead my friends, who have similar cases, to report them, and perhaps to classify them. They are evidently not typhoid, paratyphoid, malaria, or acute