tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SPONTANEOUS CONVULSIONS FOLLOWING METRAZOL TREATMENT
Authors: ERICH LIEBERT
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Opinion regarding the occurrence of epileptic convulsions in cases of uncomplicated schizophrenic psychosis is divided. While Kraepelin, Bleuler and Marchand reported that convulsive seizures not infrequently may be observed during the course of a schizophrenic psychosis, especially in catatonic patients, other authors have expressed the opinion that epileptic convulsions are extremely rare. The latter view has been expressed especially by Vorkastner<sup>1</sup>and by Strauss and Steiner,<sup>2</sup>who critically reviewed the literature on the subject. According to them the number of confirmed reports on epileptic convulsions in cases of dementia precox is extremely small, especially if strict criteria are applied in the evaluation of the various forms of attacks which may accompany a catatonic psychosis. If one demands the presence of pupillary disturbances, clonic-tonic movements and pathologic reflexes to indicate the epileptiform character of a seizure, the number of cases of dementia precox with attacks becomes extremely small. Strauss
Prevalence of symptoms in patients with simple renal cysts.
Authors: A Caglioti, C Esposito, G Fuiano, C Buzio, M Postorino, T Rampino, G Conte, A Dal Canton
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Median (interquartde range) histomorphometric variables ofbone in postmenopausal women with breast cancer receiving tamoxifen and controls Rate offormation ofbone Bone area (%)Osteoid perimeter (%) Mineralising perimeter (%) (,um24.m/day)Women with breast cancer: Receiving tamoxifen 23-2 (19-25-5) 16-7 (9 9-24-2) 3-7 (2 7-6 4) 0-028 (0.02-0.036)*Not receivingtamoxifen 20-9 (18-5-24-3) 14 3 (10-9-17-9) 4-5 (3-3-9-1) 0-049 (0027-0066)* Normal women' 20-8 (14-30) 12-8 (7-25) 6-1 (0-5-8) 0-038 (0 003-0 068) *Women with breast cancer receiving tamoxifen v not receiving tamoxifen, p=005.All other comparisons not significant.
Case of Scurvy with Well-Marked Purpura
Authors: J. Clark Wilson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1902)

Journal Article Case of Scurvy with Well‐Marked Purpura Get access J. Clark Wilson, M.D. J. Clark Wilson, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 14, Issue 4, 1 April 1902, Pages 142–143, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1902.tb16441.x Published: 01 April 1902
Iconography in Recto-Sigmoidoscopy
Authors: S. Segál, J. Diot
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

The importance of visual records in recto-sigmoidoscopy is stressed by the authors. Slides or films should be taken even in simple procedures like sigmoidoscopy not only for documentation of the patient's illness, but also in follow-up studies, for clinical research and for teaching purposes. By using telescopically controlled endoscopy a field of vision of 60 provides optimal information.
Enhancement of Endothelial Function by Pregnancy
Authors: Jane E. Ramsay, Roslyn J. Simms, William R. Ferrell, Lynn Crawford, Ian A. Greer, Mary-Anne Lumsden, Naveed Sattar
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—Pregnant women with type 1 diabetes have a substantially increased risk of vascular complications. Our aim was to study vascular function and metabolic and inflammatory risk factors during the antenatal and postpartum periods in women with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy control subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 15 women with diabetes and 30 control subjects were recruited in the third trimester of pregnancy. Of these women, 9 case subjects and 16 control subjects were reinvestigated in the postnatal period. Blood samples were collected and microvascular skin perfusion was assessed in vivo using laser Doppler imaging and iontophoretic administration of endothelial-dependent (acetylcholine [ACH]) and endothelial-independent (sodium nitroprusside [SNP]) vasodilators. RESULTS—Microvascular responses in both control subjects (ACH, P = 0.018; SNP, P = 0.01) and diabetic women (ACH, P = 0.029; SNP, P = 0.105) were better during pregnancy than in the postnatal period, although responses in women with diabetes were significantly inferior to those in control subjects during both periods (all P &amp;lt; 0.001, two-way ANOVA). This dysfunction existed despite similar lipoprotein profiles. The difference in vascular responsivity between case and control subjects was significantly attenuated by adjustment for differences in HbA1c but not C-reactive protein concentrations in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS—Pregnancy enhances microvascular function, but in women with diabetes, such improvements are insufficient to attain responses seen in healthy nonpregnant women. This suggests a persistent vascular defect in young women with type 1 diabetes that may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcome. Our data suggest a role for the chronic effects of hyperglycemia in the impaired vascular responsiveness in such women.
N-myc Gene Amplification in Teratoma
Authors: I. ISHIWATA, C. ISHIWATA, M. SOMA, I. ONO, T. NAKAGUCHI, K. JOH, M. FURUSATO, S. AIZAWA, H. ISHIKAWA
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article N-myc Gene Amplification in Teratoma Get access ISAMU ISHIWATA, ISAMU ISHIWATA Ishiwata Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital1–4–21, Kami-Mito Ibaraki-ken 310 Mito-shi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CHIEKO ISHIWATA, CHIEKO ISHIWATA Ishiwata Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital1–4–21, Kami-Mito Ibaraki-ken 310 Mito-shi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MASAYUKI SOMA, MASAYUKI SOMA Ishiwata Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital1–4–21, Kami-Mito Ibaraki-ken 310 Mito-shi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ISAO ONO, ISAO ONO Mutual Aid Association Suifu HospitalMito-shi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar TAKENORI NAKAGUCHI, TAKENORI NAKAGUCHI Mutual Aid Association Suifu HospitalMito-shi, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KENSUKE JOH, KENSUKE JOH Department of Pathology The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MASAKUNI FURUSATO, MASAKUNI FURUSATO Department of Pathology The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SHIGEO AIZAWA, SHIGEO AIZAWA Department of Pathology The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HIROSHI ISHIKAWA HIROSHI ISHIKAWA Department of Anatomy The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan 1 We thank Drs. D. R. Naik and Damon C. Herbert for editing this manuscript. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 5, 7 March 1990, Page 430, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.5.430 Published: 07 March 1990
An unforgettable patient: Never give up trying
Authors: J A Kuzemko
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Paediatric medicine throws up occasionally a puzzling problem or an unexplained phenomenon which you encounter once or twice in your professional career. Mine occurred in the year I became a consultant paediatrician. I am thankful that I have not encountered a similar problem ever since.

In the summer of 1968 a general practitioner referred Jane to me—a 10 year old who, during the recent holidays abroad, developed a recurrent skin rash and joint pains. The clinical history was consistent with a diagnosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura despite the absence of any positive physical …
Rivaroxaban versus Enoxaparin for Thromboprophylaxis after Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Bengt I. Eriksson, Lars C. Borris, Richard J. Friedman, Sylvia Haas, Menno V. Huisman, Ajay K. Kakkar, Tiemo J. Bandel, Horst Beckmann, Eva Muehlhofer, Frank Misselwitz, William Geerts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

This phase 3 trial compared the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban, an oral direct inhibitor of factor Xa, with those of enoxaparin for extended thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.
Prevalence of epilepsy in prisoners: systematic review
Authors: S. Fazel
Journal: BMJ (2002)

British psychiatry, believed that people with epilepsy were particularly prone to violence and criminality, 1 a view shared by many leading psychiatrists and neurologists today. 2 Epilepsy is typically claimed to be about two to four times more common in prisoners than in the general population, but the epidemiological evidence cited to support this claim is of uncertain validity.Previous surveys of prisoners have involved unrepresentative populations, proxy measures (such as use of anticonvulsant drugs), and secondhand respondents (such as prison medical officers).To help clarify the evidence, we conducted a meta-analysis of available surveys based on personal clinical interviews in general prison populations.
Caring for the Sick
Authors: Fredrick R. Abrams
Journal: JAMA (1986)

IMPRECISE use of terminology and a fuzzy focus on basic objectives have led health care provision to a position of conflicting values. "Cost containment" means money is to be saved (implicitly, regardless of consequences). "Cost efficiency" means money is to be allotted to the best advantage (often saving money, but usually over a longer time span). <h3>Confusion of Purpose</h3> Professor of Economics Uwe Reinhardt states the<i>business ethic</i>is to maximize the return on investment without breaking the law. The<i>medical ethic</i>is to relieve suffering, to prolong life (when the patient judges this to be his desire), and to make each individual physically able to pursue happiness in whatever socially acceptable way he desires. The very thing that makes American business successful in a populous land of consumers—mass production—is essentially incompatible with the aspect of medical care most Americans treasure, viz, competent personal care clearly in the interest of
Creatinine, Diet, Micronutrients, and Arsenic Methylation in West Bengal, India
Authors: Arin Basu, Soma Mitra, Joyce Chung, D.N. Guha Mazumder, Nilima Ghosh, David Kalman, Ondine S. von Ehrenstein, Craig Steinmaus, Jane Liaw, Allan H. Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Ingested inorganic arsenic (InAs) is methylated to monomethylated (MMA) and dimethylated metabolites (DMA). Methylation may have an important role in arsenic toxicity, because the monomethylated trivalent metabolite [MMA(III)] is highly toxic.We assessed the relationship of creatinine and nutrition--using dietary intake and blood concentrations of micronutrients--with arsenic metabolism, as reflected in the proportions of InAS, MMA, and DMA in urine, in the first study that incorporated both dietary and micronutrient data.We studied methylation patterns and nutritional factors in 405 persons who were selected from a cross-sectional survey of 7,638 people in an arsenic-exposed population in West Bengal, India. We assessed associations of urine creatinine and nutritional factors (19 dietary intake variables and 16 blood micronutrients) with arsenic metabolites in urine.Urinary creatinine had the strongest relationship with overall arsenic methylation to DMA. Those with the highest urinary creatinine concentrations had 7.2% more arsenic as DMA compared with those with low creatinine (p < 0.001). Animal fat intake had the strongest relationship with MMA% (highest tertile animal fat intake had 2.3% more arsenic as MMA, p < 0.001). Low serum selenium and low folate were also associated with increased MMA%.Urine creatinine concentration was the strongest biological marker of arsenic methylation efficiency, and therefore should not be used to adjust for urine concentration in arsenic studies. The new finding that animal fat intake has a positive relationship with MMA% warrants further assessment in other studies. Increased MMA% was also associated, to a lesser extent, with low serum selenium and folate.
TREATMENT OF WOUNDS BY PARAFFIN
Authors: E. F. Pratt
Journal: BMJ (1919)

rMVI)BCALmJoUAL 243Table showinq Incidence of Istfluenza amonig (a) Navy (a Patrol Base of aver age strengith oj 1,350);*(b) Armyn (a Battalion of average stren(gth of 1,050); (c) Gas IVorkers (Nine Gasworks, emnployinq 148 men).Epidemic.(a) Navy.(b) Army.(a) Gas Workers.July ... ... 321 23% 100 = 9.5% 5 -3.3% Autumn ... ... 125 = 9.2 % 110 = 10.4 % 5 3 3% Total ... 446 -40 % 210 = 20 % 10 = 6.7%(d) At a National Cordite Factory.The total number of employees, men and women, may be diviadea into tlhe following classes:Class A.Not working in fumes ... ...
A history of nursing from ancient to modern times; a world view.
Authors: Mary Allison Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This valuable survey of past- and present-day care of the sick meets a real need for an up-to-date, comprehensive single textbook of broad scope but practical size. It will be especially useful for student nurses, graduate nurse students, and their teachers, as it has the attributes of a well-planned textbook: logical organization, informative headings, summaries, a helpful index, and a thoughtfully-selected bibliography that refers chiefly to materials obtainable in most places without too much difficulty. The book will also interest other readers who want an authoritative, concise treatment of the development of nursing throughout the world. The first quarter of the text concerns the care of the sick prior to and through the Nightingale revolution; here the reader benefits from the authors' familiarity with source materials, some of which have been selected by Miss Austin for presentation in another volume. This section is based on<i>A Short History of Nursing</i>
Endarterectomy for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Steven W. Seiden
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The authors and collaborators of the ACAS<sup>1</sup>are to be congratulated for rigorously conducting and analyzing a very important study. Indeed, even before its publication in<i>JAMA</i>, the results of this study were widely reported in the lay press and, if the three busy hospitals in which I practice are representative, widely embraced by neurologists and surgeons alike. However, several points should be emphasized. First, in calculating the primary end point, the 1.2% arteriographic stroke rate should have been applied to all 825 patients randomized to surgery, not just the 414 patients who received postrandomization arteriography or even the 724 patients who received carotid endarterectomy. This would of course decrease slightly the apparent benefit of surgery. Second, the end point of greatest interest (to the patient) is any stroke or death, because the patient who sustains this complication will care little that it was neither perioperative
Acquired hemophilia A: A concise review
Authors: Massimo Franchini, Giorgio Gandini, Tiziana Di Paolantonio, Guglielmo Mariani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Acquired hemophilia A is a rare but severe autoimmune bleeding disorder. It is more frequent in the elderly and results from the presence of autoantibodies directed against clotting factor VIII. In this review, we briefly report on the present state of knowledge regarding acquired hemophilia A, analyzing its epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic, and clinical features. We also describe the main characteristics of this disorder according to its association with different conditions and the most important advances in the treatment of bleeding episodes and the eradication of the autoantibody. Am. J. Hematol. 80:55–63, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two Cases of Aneurysm of the Femoral Artery, with Ligature of the External Iliac Artery: Recovery
Authors: A. Sheen
Journal: BMJ (1882)

IN November, iSSi, I had occasion, for the first time in my practice to tie the external iliac artery for aneurysm of the common femoral, and within a few days I had an opportunity of repeating the operation on another patient-an experience which is, perhaps, unique amongst provincial surgeons.Mr. Bryant in the second edition of his A4anital on SurS'er3', 1876, states that he has performed this operation four times.Both my cases were in young men; both had a history of syphilis and hard work, and the second was a hard drinker in addition.Both
Unsuspected Substantial Pericardial Effusions Detected by Echocardiography
Authors: Arthur L. Riba
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In a consecutive series of 1,225 routine echocardiograms, a pericardial effusion (PE) was present in 15% and was considered substantial in 10%. Sixty-one percent (68/111) of the latter were clinically unsuspected. A retrospective analysis of these patients showed that 60% (41/68) had underlying heart disease such as congestive heart failure, left ventricular hypertrophy, or asymmetric septal hypertrophy without other discernible causes for PE. In patients referred specifically for suspected pericardial effusion, 67% (29/43) had diseases recognized as causes of pericardial effusion. Unsuspected substantial PE are commonly detected by echocardiography, especially in patients with underlying heart disease.
The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry
Authors: William W. Weddington
Journal: JAMA (1996)

"Photograph No. 107. Successful excision of the upper portion of the shaft of the right femur." From<i>Orthopaedic Injuries of the Civil War: An Atlas of Orthopaedic Injuries and Treatments During the Civil War</i>, by Julian E. Kuz and Bradley P. Bengtson, 76 pp, with illus, paper, $9.95, ISBN 0-9635861-7-3, Kennesaw, Ga, Kennesaw Mountain Press, Grand Rapids, Mich, Medical Staff Press (http://www.iserv.net/ ~civilmed), 1996. Reproduced by permission. When I was a resident and junior faculty member working in consultation-liaison psychiatry, the literature on the field was scattered in journals and chapters of psychiatric and medical textbooks. Only a few, thin books were devoted to the field, such as the primer by Strain and Grossman.<sup>1</sup>My limited experiences as a physician working with medically and psychiatrically ill patients had convinced me of the need for a biopsychosocial, integrated approach to patient care. At the time, medicine was undergoing considerable specialty
Growth hormone preserves cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) and enhances cardiac function in cardiomyopathic hamsters
Authors: Takeshi Ueyama, Tomoko Ohkusa, Masafumi Yano, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Growth hormone (GH) improves cardiac function in experimental models of heart failure and human dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanism by which GH increases myocardial contractility is not entirely clear. Our aim was to examine the effects of GH on cardiac function and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors, RyR) in the hearts of UM-X7.1 cardiomyopathic hamsters during the development of heart failure.Experimental and healthy control hamsters were examined at the age of 20 weeks. Recombinant human GH (2 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or vehicle was then administered for 3 weeks. We examined (i) the in vivo left ventricular (LV) size and LV systolic function using transthoracic echocardiography, (ii) the density (Bmax) and affinity (Kd) of high-affinity [3H] ryanodine binding sites in crude homogenates from normal and cardiomyopathic hamster hearts.Vehicle-treated UM-X7.1 hamsters exhibited significant increases in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and end-systolic diameter (LVESd), and a significant decrease in LV fractional shortening (FS). GH-treatment attenuated the increase in LVESd and reduced the LV chamber size, and also significantly increased LVFS. Vehicle-treated UM-X7.1 hamsters exhibited a significantly lower Bmax than control hamsters (0.34 +/- 0.04 vs 0.44 +/- 0.06 pmol/mg, p < 0.05), and the treatment with GH in UM-X7.1 hamsters significantly attenuated the reduction of Bmax (0.42 +/- 0.03 pmol/mg vs vehicle-treated group (0.34 +/- 0.04 pmol/mg), p < 0.05). Kd did not differ significantly between the experimental groups. In normal control hamsters, GH treatment with this dose did not significantly enhance LV systolic function or the density of RyRs. There was no significant difference in terms of the connective-tissue volume-fraction, myocyte size and capillary density between the GH- and vehicle-treated groups of UM-X7.1 hamsters.GH treatment may improve cardiac function by preserving the density of RyRs and enhancing cellular function in cardiomyopathic hamster hearts.
Purpuric rash due to epsilon-aminocaproic acid.
Authors: A Chakrabarti, K A Collett
Journal: BMJ (1980)

CommentNormal blood pressure has been restored by transluminal angioplasty.Renal function was impaired after the angioplasty and was due to either extensive manipulation of the catheter or injection of radio contrast medium.5 Renal function subsequently returned close to pre-procedure levels.The reduced blood pressure coincided with, and may have been due to, a reduction in total exchangeable sodium, although external sodium balance was not measured.In patients with transplants who develop renal artery stenosis, it may be worth using this technique rather than surgery, which has a high failure rate and associated morbidity.
Innate immune response to<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>, a model enteric pathogen
Authors: Petr Broz, Maikke B. Ohlson, Denise M. Monack
Journal: Gut Microbes (2012)

The innate immune system provides the first line of defense against invading microorganisms by inducing a variety of inflammatory and antimicrobial responses. These responses are particularly important in the gastrointestinal tract, where the needs for efficient nutrient uptake and host defense collide. Many pathogens have evolved to specifically colonize the intestine, causing millions of cases of enteric infections a year. A paradigm of an enteric pathogen is Salmonella enterica, a gram-negative bacterium that causes a wide range of gastrointestinal and systemic diseases. Infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) lead to an acute intestinal inflammation in human and animal hosts, as a result of the bacterium invading the mucosa. A distinctive feature of Salmonella is that it has not only adapted to survive in a strong inflammatory environment, but it also uses this adaptation as a strategy to gain a growth advantage over the intestinal microbiota. We will use the model organism S. typhimurium to discuss the innate immune mechanisms employed by the mammalian gastrointestinal system and how the pathogen responds and subverts these mechanisms. In particular, we focus on the recognition of extra- and intra-cellular Salmonellae by germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors of the TLR and NLR families, and how Salmonella might profit from the activation of these receptors.
Special Aspects of Neuropsychiatric Illness in Women
Authors: J. Hamilton
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1993)

Many depressive disorders predominate in women. Other psychiatric disorders more prevalent in women than men often occur concomitantly with depression. A variety of these disorders show a premenstrual patterning of symptoms and are responsive to antidepressants. Migraine headaches are also more common in women, show a premenstrual patterning, and are responsive to antidepressants. Other neuropsychiatric and endocrine-related disorders predominating in women are discussed in this review. Greater attention to the special aspects of neuropsychiatric disorders in women may improve diagnosis and treatment.