tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Researches into the Aetiology of Acute Rheumatism: I. Rheumatic Carditis: Post-Mortem Investigation of Nine Consecutive Cases
Authors: C. A. Green
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1939)

RESULTS.Nine consecutive cases of primary or recurrent rheumatic carditis were examined by the above methods, and twenty-two non-rheumatic subjects were similarly treated as controls.RHEUMATIC SERIES: CASE 1.-C.C., female, aged fifty-three years.Clinical Diagnosis.-Acuterheumatic endocarditis.Clinical Features.-Admittedto hospital in fourth attack of acute rheumatism with obvious signs of established endocarditis.She developed acute congestive failure after the subsidence of joint pains.Hamolytic streptococci, type 27, were isolated from the throat ten days before death.Post-mortem Findings.-Thepericardial sac was completely obliterated by fibrinous adhesions, no free fluid being present.The heart showed generalised dilatation, with marked hypertrophy of the left ventricle and auricle.Tricuspid valve: Areas of old fibrous thickening, and several small, recent vegetations of rheumatic type.Mitral valve: Gross stenosis due to old fibrous thickening of chordse tendineaw, with several recent vegetations on auricular surface.Aortic valve: Fibrous lesions, resulting in partial adhesion of cusps, but no evidence of recent endocarditis.Pulmonary valve: Healthy.There were no vegetations of the ulcerative type nor those associated with subacute bacterial endocardial endocarditis.The lungs, liver and spleen presented the appearances produced by venous congestion, and no infarcts were detected.Cultural Results: Heart blood .. .. Tube 1. B. coli.Tube 2. B. coli.Tricuspid valve .. Tube 1. Heemolytic streptococci, type 27, and B. coli.Tube 2. B. coli.Tube 3. No growth.Mitral valve .. .. Tube 1. Hawmolytic streptococci, type 27.Tube 2. Hsemolytic streptococci, type 27, and B. coli.Tube 3. B. coli.Aortic valve .. .. Tubes 1, 2 and 3.No growth.Pulmonary valve . .Tube 1. B. coli.Tube 2. No growth.Pericardial exudate . .Tube 1. Haemolytic streptococci, type 27.Tube 2. Haemolytic streptococci, type 27.Microscopic Examination.-Sections of mitral valve, stained by haema - toxylin and eosin, showed fibrous scarring with persistent vascularisation.There was superficial necrosis and new formation of vegetations, but little or no cellular reaction.Sections of myocardium showed a few small areas of fibrosis, but no Aschoff bodies.Sections of mitral valve and myo- cardium, stained Gram, showed no organisms.88
Errol Mendus Edwards
Authors: D. Edwards, E. H. M. Edwards
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Background:</h3> Tennis elbow (TE) is a painful condition affecting the common extensor origin at the lateral humeral epicondyle. Colour Doppler examination has shown increased blood flow at this site and the sensory, and sympathetic innervation patterns have been delineated. However, it is not known whether there is local production of catecholamines and/or acetylcholine in this tissue, which is the case in patellar and Achilles tendinopathies. <h3>Objective:</h3> To investigate the possible presence of local production of catecholamines and acetylcholine in non-neuronal cells (fibroblasts) in connective tissue at the muscle origin at the lateral humeral epicondyle in patients with TE. <h3>Design:</h3> Immunohistochemical studies were performed on biopsies taken from the extensor origin in patients with TE and in pain-free controls. For reference purpose, biopsies from the flexor origin in patients with golfer’s elbow (GE) were also studied. <h3>Patients:</h3> Seven patients with TE and four patients with GE. Six healthy asymptomatic individuals served as controls. <h3>Method:</h3> Immunohistochemistry, using antibodies detecting synthesising enzymes for catecholamines (tyrosine hydroxylase; TH) and acetylcholine (choline acetyltransferase; ChAT). <h3>Results:</h3> TH-like immunohistochemical reactions were seen in fibroblasts in four of the seven patients with TE and two of the four patients with GE. No such reactions were detected in controls (0/6). No ChAT reactions were seen in any of the investigated specimens. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> There is evidence of local, non-neuronal production of catecholamines, but not acetylcholine, in fibroblasts in the tissue at the muscle origin at the lateral and medial epicondyles in patients with TE and GE, respectively, which might have an influence on blood vessel regulation and pain mechanisms in these conditions.
Feasibility of Image-Guided Transthoracic Core-Needle Biopsy in the BATTLE Lung Trial
Authors: Alda L. Tam, Edward S. Kim, J. Jack Lee, Joe E. Ensor, Marshall E. Hicks, Ximing Tang, George R. Blumenschein, Christine M. Alden, Jeremy J. Erasmus, Anne Tsao, Scott M. Lippman, Waun K. Hong, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Sanjay Gupta
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Bias and Trials Stopped Early for Benefit
Authors: Susan S. Ellenberg, David L. DeMets, Thomas R. Fleming
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drugs Five Years Later
Authors: MELVIN D. YAHR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Levodopa administered alone or in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor is at present the best means available for the control of Parkinson symptoms. It has proved particularly effective in Parkinson's disease and postencephalitic parkinsonism. In these disorders its continued administration for periods that now exceed five years has resulted in sustained therapeutic responses and a significant decrease in mortality rate. Levodopa has been shown to be a safe pharmacologic agent even after long-term usage. However, its potential for inducing side effects makes it essential that patients be carefully screened before use and monitored throughout the period of administration. Though not fully established and lacking FDA approval at this time, levodopa appears to be useful in reversing the symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy and as a diagnostic aid in assessing pituitary disorders as well as uncovering presymptomatic Huntington's chorea.
Successful liver transplantation in babies under 1 year.
Authors: S V Beath, G D Brook, D A Kelly, A J Cash, P McMaster, A D Mayer, J A Buckels
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To review the outcome of liver transplantation in babies aged less than 1 year. DESIGN--Prospective evaluation of survival, clinical complications, and nutritional and developmental status before and one year after liver transplantation. SETTING--The Children9s Hospital and Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham. SUBJECTS--All 25 babies who received liver transplantation from January 1989 to December 1992 were included. Median age was 9 months and median weight was 7.0 kg. Seven babies were assessed but were not given transplants because they died while on the waiting list (two) or had severe extrahepatic disease (five). RESULTS--24 babies had severe decompensated liver disease and 20 were severely malnourished despite nutritional support. Six babies received a whole liver graft and 19 received a reduction hepatectomy. Postoperative complications included primary nonfunction of the transplanted liver (one baby), hepatic artery thrombosis (two), biliary obstruction (seven), acute and chronic rejection (six), and sepsis (18). Three babies required a second transplant; all survived. Three babies, two of whom presented with fulminant hepatic failure, died. The overall actuarial survival rate (4 months to 4 years) is 88%. Review at 12 months showed a dramatic improvement in growth (p &lt; 0.001) and normal psychosocial development with good quality of life. CONCLUSION--The improvement in survival rates and quality of life in this group of very sick babies is related not only to the development of reduction hepatectomy but also to advances in medical and nursing expertise. Early referral for liver transplantation is justified even if babies are critically ill.
The Combination Product Captisol-Enabled® Budesonide + Azelastine HCl Nasal Spray Provides Significant, Long-lasting Relief of Ocular Allergy Symptoms in Ragweed Allergic Patients Studied in an Environmental Exposure Chamber (EEC)
Authors: P. Patel, A. Salapatek, P. D'Angelo, M. Bates, D. Patel, R. Zimmerer, J.D. Pipkin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: James T. Jelks
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Why should we moveThe Journalto Washington? It is a great political centre and nothing more. We do not wantThe Journalentangled in the wire-pulling of medical politicians.The Journalis the expression of the American Medical Association, and not of self seekers in politics. Certainly the " original work" could not be improved by locating it at Washington. I do not know of much lasting original research coming from a political centre. The men in such places are usually too busy in self seeking to work very hard. By all means keepThe Journalin Chicago. Hot Springs, Ark., March 13, 1891.
Mathematical formulation of post-occlusion hyperaemia and autoregulation of blood flow in the capillaron model
Authors: H. MURAO, S. RODBARD
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Journal Article Mathematical formulation of post-occlusion hyperaemia and autoregulation of blood flow in the capillaron model Get access HIROSHI MURAO, HIROSHI MURAO From the City of Hope Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SIMON RODBARD SIMON RODBARD From the City of Hope Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 10, Issue 1, January 1976, Pages 13–19, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/10.1.13 Published: 01 January 1976
Depletion of glutathione from brain cells in hyponatremia
Authors: Edward C. Clark, Darbbie Thomas, Jane Baer, Richard H. Sterns
Journal: Kidney International (1996)

In response to hyponatremia, brain cells extrude electrolytes and organic osmolytes, thereby minimizing brain edema. We demonstrate that rat brain is depleted of the antioxidant glutathione in response to hyponatremia and that osmotically-induced loss of glutathione makes neuronal cells more susceptible to oxidative injury. Total glutathione content of brain tissue decreased from 6.80 +/- 0.14 mumol/g dry wt in normonatremic controls to 5.00 +/- 0.31 mumol/g dry wt after 72 hours of hyponatremia. Following slow correction of hyponatremia, brain glutathione content returned to control values (6.77 +/- 0.34 mumol/g dry wt). Brain content of taurine, a beta-amino acid with antioxidant properties, similarly decreased in hyponatremia (29.6 +/- 0.9 to 17.1 +/- 1.2 mumol/g dry wt), then increased with slow correction (24.8 +/- 1.3 mumol/g dry wt). Although taurine served as an osmolyte in rat heart, liver and brain, osmotically-induced changes in glutathione content were found only in brain. We also studied osmotically-induced changes in glutathione and taurine content in C6 glioma and SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. In both cell lines, adaptive decreases in glutathione and taurine content were found in response to lowering medium sodium concentration from 140 mM to 100 mM. The cell content of these solutes increased after returning to media containing 140 mM sodium. Following exposure of both cell lines to hypoosmolar media, there was no increase in media content of glutathione. This suggest that osmotic depletion of glutathione is not due to cellular efflux of intact glutathione. We questioned if osmotic depletion of glutathione and taurine renders brain cells more susceptible to oxidative stress. Incubation of SK-N-SH cells with 1.0 mM H2O2 for four hours induced greater cytolytic injury in cells adapted to hypoosmolar media than in isoosmolar controls. Hypoosmolar C6 glioma cells were not significantly more sensitive to cytolytic injury from H2O2 than were cells grown in isosmolar media. We conclude that hypoosmolality induces glutathione depletion in rat brain in vivo and in cultured brain cells in vitro. Osmotic depletion of this antioxidant renders SK-N-SH neuronal cells more susceptible to oxidative injury.
Abnormalities in the flow-volume loop in obstructive sleep apnoea sitting and supine.
Authors: E T Shore, R P Millman
Journal: Thorax (1984)

<h3>Abstract</h3> We present a compartment model that explains melanoma cell response and resistance to mono and combination therapies. Model parameters were estimated by utilizing an optimization algorithm to identify parameters that minimized the difference between predicted cell populations and experimentally measured cell numbers. The model was then validated with <i>in vitro</i> experimental data. Our simulations show that although a specific timing of the combination therapy is effective in controlling tumor cell populations over an extended period of time, the treatment eventually fails. We subsequently predict a more optimal combination therapy that incorporates an additional drug at the right moment.
Organized Action: Management Advisory Councils
Authors: John M. Danielson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

If the hospital is becoming the focal point of health care, and if the quality of its care is to continue to be vested totally in the hands of the physician, then the most intimate partnership must necessarily exist between the executive branch and the professional branch of the institution. How can the physician become a part of management? One principle is clear: a management advisory council within the hospital that involves the physician leadership as well as the executive officer seems a requirement. This is a council where the only criterion for the adoption of an idea is its own validity. No dictate but consensus—no pecking order to threaten assigned official prerogatives, or votes to cause division. Ironically, in an age when the prerogatives of management are held to be so priceless, hospital executives need to return to the sharing of these prerogatives with the physicians; yet the physicians
Case 4-1966
Authors: Peter M. Yurchak, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

Presentation of CaseA sixty-four-year-old elevator operator was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea.He had been entirely well until the onset of mild dyspnea four weeks previously. Two weeks later he began to have a cough that was productive of 1 teaspoonful of brownish-black sputum daily. At that time he complained of a transient pain in the lower anterior portion of the thorax. Three days before admission the cough and dyspnea became more severe, and a physician prescribed several medications, which afforded no relief. During the evening before entry he experienced marked orthopnea and noticed ankle edema for . . .
The Temperance Lunch.
Authors: T. D. Crothers
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Hartford,Conn., June 13, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have received several letters from persons who evidently were not present at the Atlantic City meeting, inquiring about the "temperance lunch." A general statement of this occasion will be a sufficient answer to all inquiries and will be of interest to others. For some time past a marked sentiment was expressed to us that the American Medical Association should show more interest in the alcohol problem at its annual meeting. The American Association for the Study of Alcohol and Other Narcotics has for the past twelve years held its annual meetings at the same time and place as the American Medical Association, but has not attracted much attention. The feeling has been expressed widely that a general meeting should be held, in which all members of the American Medical Association might join and discuss some of the great problems. Following the
Studies Question How Much Role Menopause Plays in Some Women's Emotional Distress
Authors: Chris Anne Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

MENOPAUSE MAY BE LESS than it has been cracked up to be in terms of emotional distress. In two related analyses of a survey of middle-aged American women, investigators found that only a very small minority of women— 3%—express regret during and after menopause about the physical changes they are experiencing, and menopause does not cause depression. Rather, it appears that it is the small group of women who already are depressed from which originates the bulk of complaints physicians receive about menopause and the popular stereotype of the menopausal blues, according to investigators. These data suggest that physicians may find it fruitful to look more deeply at underlying emotional distress in women who present with apparently physiological problems around the menopause. The findings of the largest-ever prospective study of noninstitutionalized middle-aged women, reported at the Boston meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, were greeted less with surprise than
Debt ridden trust has no cash to pay creditors
Authors: Rebecca Coombes
Journal: BMJ (2005)

An NHS trust, one of the 15 most efficient in England, is in such financial dire straits that it has been unable to pay its creditors or place orders for essential supplies, a report by government spending watch-dog has said. The Royal West Sussex NHS Trust, an organisation rated two stars by the Healthcare Commission, had amassed a debt of £20.5m ($37.4m; €30.6m) by March, the end of the last financial year, says a special report by the Audit Commission.

The crisis is so severe that the trust, which serves a largely elderly population, has been left without the …
MATERNAL MORTALITY IN NORTH DAKOTA
Authors: JOHN H. MOORE
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Editorial comment<sup>1</sup>on United States infant and maternal mortality rates inThe Journalopened with this significant statement: "Maternal mortality rates of the United States have been reported and discussed for several years apparently to conjure conclusions designed to throw discredit on the medical profession." I agree with the Editor that such conclusions have been drawn. I submit the record made by North Dakota physicians to prove, for my state at least, that they are fallacious. North Dakota held the enviable position of having the lowest maternal mortality rate in the United States for 1938, 2.4 per thousand live births. The provisional rate for 1939 is 2.3. In a report<sup>2</sup>to the North Dakota State Medical Association I stated: "The problem of maintaining this low rate or even of lowering it still further is our problem as private practitioners. I believe that the private physician in North Dakota
Survivin Protects Breast Cancer Cells from DNA Damage during Mitosis.
Authors: G. Desplanques, P. Hulin, P. Juin, S. Barillé-Nion
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Survivin has attracted considerable attention as a therapeutic target for anticancer strategies because of its dual role in regulating cell division and apoptosis, which are both involved in tumor development. Survivin associates with Aurora B kinase and inner centromere protein to form chromosomal passenger complex, dictating the localization of the complex and the activation of Aurora B kinase. Therefore, survivin plays an important role in mitotic spindle checkpoint. Survivin has been consistently identified as a risk-associated gene in various malignancies, carrying unfavorable implications for cancer prognosis, disease recurrence and abbreviated survival. Of note, together with other gene signatures, this information is now being used in the clinic for the risk assessment of breast cancer patients. Of particular interest, high Survivin levels have been consistently linked to inhibition of apoptosis induced by DNA damaging agents. We first confirmed in breast cancer cells that Survivin protected cells from cytotoxicity induced by the genotoxic agents cisplatin or doxorubicin. We further analyzed how Survivin might regulate DNA damage in these cells. We pointed out that Survivin knockdown by RNA interference led to mitotic arrest in breast cancer cells associated to DNA damage accumulation. Indeed phosphorylation on serine c-4 of the protein H2AX (gH2AX) and formation of (gH2AX) chromatin-associated foci were evidenced in Survivin-depleted cells in the absence of exogenous DNA damage. Moreover increase in comet parameters in single cell gel electrophoresis (alkaline comet assay) was also detected in these cells compared to control cells. Of note, this process was independent of apoptosis triggering since the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk did not abolish the DNA damage marks. Interestingly, Survivin knockdown had no impact on cell response to DNA damage, since (1) the increase in gH2AX foci was also associated with significant colocalization with both actors of DNA damage repair response Mre11 and Nbs1 and (2) the resolution of ionizing radiation-induced foci was similar in Survivin-depleted cells compared to control cells. These results demonstrate that Survivin depletion is indeed genotoxic in breast cancer cells but not involved in DNA repair pathways. Finally,we evidenced that taxol, that stabilizes microtubules in mitotic spindle and blocks cells cancer cells in mitosis, also induced DNA damage in breast cancer cells. Thus we conclude that prolonged mitosis induced by Survivin depletion contributes to DNA damage accumulation in breast cancer cells. We speculate that Survivin depletion in combination with genotoxic agents or inhibitors of DNA repair pathways may contribute to trigger apoptosis in these cells. Altogether, our results highlight the interest to use Survivin inhibitors in breast cancer therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1124.