tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HEMOGLOBIN PRODUCTION IN ANEMIA AS INFLUENCED BY THE BILE FISTULA
Authors: W. B. Hawkins, F. S. Robscheit-Robbins, G. H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

The presence of a renal bile fistula with escape of all bile into the urinary tract seriously impairs the capacity of an anemic dog to form new hemoglobin on standard diets. These bile fistula dogs will produce about one-half as much hemoglobin in anemia on standard diets as during earlier control periods without a bile fistula. Iron given by mouth to an anemic bile fistula dog will effect the production of about one-half the amount of new hemoglobin as in control periods. Iron given by vein to an anemic bile fistula dog will approximate the theoretical 100 per cent return of new hemoglobin. Obviously absorption is a very important factor in the utilization of iron by these dogs. The reaction to liver feeding is much like the reaction to iron feeding but we have no proof of inadequate protein digestion and absorption in these bile fistula dogs. In fact the uniform body weight and normal clinical state over periods of years speak for adequate absorption of protein digestion products. Evidence cited above supports our belief that inadequate hemoglobin production (protein formation) noted in these bile fistula dogs may be related to a disturbed liver function.
Hypoparathyroidism and Hypothyroidism
Authors: RICHARD E. GOLDSMITH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 October 1971Hypoparathyroidism and HypothyroidismRICHARD E. GOLDSMITH, M.D.RICHARD E. GOLDSMITH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-4-647_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the July issue (Ann Intern Med75:136, 1971) I read with interest the letter by Drs. Orme and Conolly from Hammersmith Hospital. They called attention to a case of hypoparathyroidism after radioiodine treatment of thyrotoxicosis. I should like to call attention to an article by Dr. King, me, and our associates concerning this problem (Acta Endocrinol (Kbh)58:565, 1968). We concluded that we could demonstrate poor parathyroid reserve in patients subjected to radioiodine therapy for thyrotoxicosis only when these patients developed the postradioiodine treatment complication of hypothyroidism. We showed that replacement treatment using desiccated thyroid restored... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RICHARD E. GOLDSMITH, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine Cincinnati General Hospital University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1971Volume 75, Issue 4 Page: 647-647 Keywords Hypoparathyroidism Hypothyroidism Parathyroid Thyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Paclitaxel Stent Coating Inhibits Neointimal Hyperplasia at 4 Weeks in a Porcine Model of Coronary Restenosis
Authors: Alan W. Heldman, Linda Cheng, G. Mark Jenkins, Phillip F. Heller, Dong-Woon Kim, Melvin Ware, Cynthia Nater, Ralph H. Hruban, Banafsheh Rezai, Benjamin S. Abella, Katherine E. Bunge, James L. Kinsella, Steven J. Sollott, Edward G. Lakatta, Jeffrey A. Brinker, William L. Hunter, Jeffrey P. Froehlich
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Despite limiting elastic recoil and late vascular remodeling after angioplasty, coronary stents remain vulnerable to restenosis, caused primarily by neointimal hyperplasia. Paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing drug, has been shown to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation contributing to neointimal hyperplasia. We tested whether paclitaxel-coated coronary stents are effective at preventing neointimal proliferation in a porcine model of restenosis. Methods and Results —Palmaz-Schatz stents were dip-coated with paclitaxel (0, 0.2, 15, or 187 μg/stent) by immersion in ethanolic paclitaxel and evaporation of the solvent. Stents were deployed with mild oversizing in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) of 41 minipigs. The treatment effect was assessed 4 weeks after stent implantation. The angiographic late loss index (mean luminal diameter) decreased with increasing paclitaxel dose ( P &lt;0.0028 by ANOVA), declining by 84.3% (from 0.352 to 0.055, P &lt;0.05) at the highest level tested (187 μg/stent versus control). Accompanying this change, the neointimal area decreased (by 39.5%, high-dose versus control; P &lt;0.05) with increasing dose ( P &lt;0.040 by ANOVA), whereas the luminal area increased (by 90.4%, high-dose versus control; P &lt;0.05) with escalating dose ( P &lt;0.0004 by ANOVA). Inflammatory cells were seen infrequently, and there were no cases of aneurysm or thrombosis. Conclusions —Paclitaxel-coated coronary stents produced a significant dose-dependent inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia and luminal encroachment in the pig LAD 28 days after implantation; later effects require further study. These results demonstrate the potential therapeutic benefit of paclitaxel-coated coronary stents in the prevention and treatment of human coronary restenosis.
Osteopontin (OPN) Plays a Critical Role in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
Authors: Viviana P. Sampayo-Escobar, Terianne M. Wong, Sandhya Boyapalle, Raminder Bedi, Subhra Mohapatra, Shyam S. Mohapatra
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
GPAC—Genome Presence/Absence Compiler: A Web Application to Comparatively Visualize Multiple Genome-Level Changes
Authors: Angela Noll, Norbert Grundmann, Gennady Churakov, Jürgen Brosius, Wojciech Makałowski, Jürgen Schmitz
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2014)

Our understanding of genome-wide and comparative sequence information has been broadened considerably by the databases available from the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) Genome Bioinformatics Department. In particular, the identification and visualization of genomic sequences, present in some species but absent in others, led to fundamental insights into gene and genome evolution. However, the UCSC tools currently enable one to visualize orthologous genomic loci for a range of species in only a single locus. For large-scale comparative analyses of such presence/absence patterns a multilocus view would be more desirable. Such a tool would enable us to compare thousands of relevant loci simultaneously and to resolve many different questions about, for example, phylogeny, specific aspects of genome and gene evolution, such as the gain or loss of exons and introns, the emergence of novel transposed elements, nonprotein-coding RNAs, and viral genomic particles. Here, we present the first tool to facilitate the parallel analysis of thousands of genomic loci for cross-species presence/absence patterns based on multiway genome alignments. This genome presence/absence compiler uses annotated or other compilations of coordinates of genomic locations and compiles all presence/absence patterns in a flexible, color-coded table linked to the individual UCSC Genome Browser alignments. We provide examples of the versatile information content of such a screening system especially for 7SL-derived transposed elements, nuclear mitochondrial DNA, DNA transposons, and miRNAs in primates (http://www.bioinformatics.uni-muenster.de/tools/gpac, last accessed October 1, 2014).
Destabilization of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Protein in Response to Serum Stimulation Involves the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway
Authors: Zhi Yi Chen, Xuesheng Wang, Yunhong Zhou, Gwynneth Offner, Chi-Chuan Tseng
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Although the zinc finger transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) has been shown to be a negative regulator of cell proliferation, the mechanisms underlying the posttranslational modification of KLF4, especially at the level of protein degradation, are poorly understood. Here, we show that KLF4 protein levels in quiescent cells were high, but decreased rapidly as cells entered the proliferating stage following serum stimulation. This decrease was partially reversed by pretreatment with MG132, a proteasome inhibitor. Moreover, KLF4 was an unstable protein that underwent rapid turnover, and exhibited a relatively short half-life (t1/2 approximately 120 minutes). To investigate the involvement of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the regulation of the stability of KLF4, HCT116 cells were treated with proteasome inhibitors. Our results showed that, following lactacystin treatment, levels of endogenous KLF4 increased in a time- and dose-dependent manners. Using a cell-free system, in vitro-translated 35S-labeled KLF4 protein was degraded by protein extracts prepared from exponentially growing HCT116 cells in the presence of ATP. These effects were prevented by pretreatment with MG132 or replacement of ATP with ATP-gamma-S, a nonhydrolyzable analogue of ATP, suggesting that ATP is required for KLF4 degradation by the 26S proteasome. In addition, KLF4 was subject to ubiquitination when cells were treated with the proteasome inhibitor or transfected with exogenous ubiquitin. Collectively, these results indicate that destabilization of KLF4 following serum stimulation is mediated, at least in part, through a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
Hereditary Juvenile Pellagra*
Authors: CHARLES JAMES BLOOM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 January 1931Hereditary Juvenile PellagraA Resume of the LiteratureCHARLES JAMES BLOOM, M.D., B.Sc., F.A.C.P.CHARLES JAMES BLOOM, M.D., B.Sc., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-7-817 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptINTRODUCTIONPellagra has at this writing vital problems, the nature of which still remains unsolved. In the last decade, exhaustive and intensive research, clinical, anatomo-pathologic, and experimental studies have added scientific interest to a disease known to Europe since 1735. It has, in a brief space of time, diffused itself throughout the greater part of the Old World and, as years passed on, was noted and described in many other countries.The cause of the disease, the frequency with which it affects the infantile age, and the treatment, are topics most considered by the present day medical world. For a... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CHARLES JAMES BLOOM, M.D., B.Sc., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: New Orleans*This series of articles on Pellagra in Infants and Children was made possible through the munificent gift of Mr. and Mrs. Russell Clark, of New Orleans, in memory of their daughter, Alma Villere Clark. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1931Volume 4, Issue 7Page: 817-840KeywordsChildrenInfantsMemory ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1931 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Simple Enzymatic Method for the Determination of 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate in Small Amounts of Blood
Authors: Nobuji Maeda, Hsin Chang, Reinhold Benesch, Ruth E. Benesch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

To determine red-cell diphosphoglycerate, hemolysates prepared from 0.2 ml of blood were incubated with an enzyme that quantitatively and specifically converted diphosphoglycerate into inorganic phosphate, which was measured colorimetrically in the deproteinized filtrate.
Long-Term Ambient Residential Traffic–Related Exposures and Measurement Error–Adjusted Risk of Incident Lung Cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer
Authors: Jaime E. Hart, Donna Spiegelman, Rob Beelen, Gerard Hoek, Bert Brunekreef, Leo J. Schouten, Piet van den Brandt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

BackgroundThe International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recently declared air pollution carcinogenic to humans. However, no study of air pollution and lung cancer to date has incorporated adjustment for exposure measurement error, and few have examined specific histological subtypes.ObjectivesOur aim was to assess the association of air pollution and incident lung cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer and the impact of measurement error on these associations.MethodsThe cohort was followed from 1986 through 2003, and 3,355 incident cases were identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, for long-term exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black smoke (BS), PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm), and measures of roadway proximity and traffic volume, adjusted for potential confounders. Information from a previous validation study was used to correct the effect estimates for measurement error.ResultsWe observed elevated risks of incident lung cancer with exposure to BS [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.32, per 10 μg/m3], NO2 (HR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.54, per 30 μg/m3), PM2.5 (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.47, per 10 μg/m3), and with measures of traffic at the baseline address. The exposures were positively associated with all lung cancer subtypes. After adjustment for measurement error, the HRs increased and the 95% CIs widened [HR = 1.19 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.39) for BS and HR = 1.37 (95% CI: 0.86, 2.17) for PM2.5].ConclusionsThese findings add support to a growing body of literature on the effects of air pollution on lung cancer. In addition, they highlight variation in measurement error by pollutant and support the implementation of measurement error corrections when possible.CitationHart JE, Spiegelman D, Beelen R, Hoek G, Brunekreef B, Schouten LJ, van den Brandt P. 2015. Long-term ambient residential traffic–related exposures and measurement error–adjusted risk of incident lung cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. Environ Health Perspect 123:860–866; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408762
Bone marrow–based homeostatic proliferation of mature T cells in nonhuman primates: implications for AIDS pathogenesis
Authors: Mirko Paiardini, Barbara Cervasi, Jessica C. Engram, Shari N. Gordon, Nichole R. Klatt, Alagarraju Muthukumar, James Else, Robert S. Mittler, Silvija I. Staprans, Donald L. Sodora, Guido Silvestri
Journal: Blood (2008)
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and the Risk for Anastomotic Failure
Authors: Timo W. Hakkarainen, Scott R. Steele, Amir Bastaworous, E. Patchen Dellinger, Ellen Farrokhi, Farhood Farjah, Michael Florence, Scott Helton, Marc Horton, Michael Pietro, Thomas K. Varghese, David R. Flum
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have many physiologic effects and are being used more commonly to treat postoperative pain, but recent small studies have suggested that NSAIDs may impair anastomotic healing in the gastrointestinal tract.
Quality of life in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Renée Eugénie Poupon, Yves Chrétien, Olivier Chazouillères, Raoul Poupon, Judith Chwalow
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The impact of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is poorly documented. We assessed quality of life in a group of 276 unselected patients with PBC using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). This is a generic scale that assesses six major areas commonly associated with HRQOL. Data were compared with those of a sex- and age-matched control group. The associations between NHP scores and the severity of PBC were tested. Patients (86% women) had a median age of 62 years (range 33-87). Most patients were treated with UDCA. PBC patients showed a strong statistically significant difference in energy compared to controls (respectively, 40.6 vs. 22.9, P &lt; .0001) and had worse scores for emotional reactions (22.2 vs. 16.1, P &lt; .005). No other differences were observed. No associations of the dimension subscores were found with biochemical liver tests, histological stages, or duration of the disease. Among the signs or symptoms, fatigue was the finding most often associated with the dimension subscores. In conclusion , patients with PBC feel that their overall quality of life is worse than that of the control population. This difference is mainly due to the decrease in the subscores of energy and emotional reactions, both associated with fatigue. These effects must be taken into account by clinicians when treating these patients, as they constitute the clinical outcomes that have the most impact on patients’ lifestyle and adherence to treatment. (Hepatology 2004;40:489-494.)
The sensitivity of coronary vascular tone to glibenclamide: a study on the isolated perfused guinea pig heart
Authors: S. Cyrys, J. Daut
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to obtain an estimate of the affinity of glibenclamide binding to ATP sensitive potassium channels of coronary smooth muscle cells in the intact guinea pig heart, in order to assess possible cardiovascular risks for diabetic patients receiving sulphonylurea drugs. Methods: The arrested isolated perfused heart was used as a bioassay for KATP channels in coronary resistance vessels. The decrease of coronary perfusion pressure induced by hypoxia and by various concentrations of the potassium channel opener levcromakalim was measured and the inhibitory effect of glibenclamide on hypoxic and drug induced vasodilatation was analysed. Results: The delay between application of hypoxic solution and half maximum vasodilatation was on average 105(SEM 4) s. It was increased by 17.6(2.0) s in the presence of 5 nM glibenclamide. The dose-response curve of the effects of levcromakalim on coronary perfusion pressure was shifted to the right in the presence of 20 nM to 1 μM glibenclamide. The concentrations of levcromakalim required to produce half maximum vasodilatation in the presence and absence of glibenclamide were determined, and the data were analysed using a Schild plot. The measured concentration ratios could be fitted by a straight line with a slope of 0.93(SD 0.04), which was not significantly different from 1. This is consistent with competitive inhibition of the vasodilator effects of levcromakalim by glibenclamide. The apparent dissociation constant of glibenclamide binding to KATP channels in coronary smooth muscle cells was 35 nM. Conclusions: The KATP channels in coronary resistance arteries are almost as sensitive to inhibition by glibenclamide as the KATP channels in pancreatic β cells. It is likely that the plasma concentrations reached after oral ingestion of glibenclamide may inhibit a fraction of the KATP channels in coronary smooth muscle cells and thus impair hypoxic dilatation of coronary resistance arteries. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:888-893
Histological diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease in childhood.
Authors: S K Chong, A J Blackshaw, S Boyle, C B Williams, J A Walker-Smith
Journal: Gut (1985)

One hundred and four children were initially assessed by clinical, radiological, and endoscopic criteria as chronic inflammatory bowel disease. All were assessed independently using precise histological diagnostic criteria. Fifty eight patients were diagnosed as Crohn9s disease, 25 as ulcerative colitis, 15 remained provisionally categorised as indeterminate colitis and six proved to be normal. Diagnostic granulomas were found in 36% of endoscopic biopsies from the 58 children with Crohn9s disease. This appears to be an underestimate as only four of 14 children with granulomatous Crohn9s disease operated on had granulomas on endoscopic biopsy. This study shows that there is a spectrum of histological appearances in endoscopic biopsies in chronic inflammatory bowel disease in childhood ranging from definite Crohn9s disease to definite ulcerative colitis with indeterminate features in between. Accurate histological diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease is dependent upon either multiple endoscopic biopsies or assessment of a surgically resected specimen.
B1 selective adrenoreceptor blockade for the long term management of variceal bleeding. A prospective randomised trial to compare oral metoprolol with injection sclerotherapy in cirrhosis.
Authors: D Westaby, W M Melia, B R Macdougall, J E Hegarty, A E Gimson, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1985)

Oral metoprolol, in a dose sufficient to reduce resting pulse rate by 25%, was compared with repeated injection sclerotherapy for the long term management of variceal bleeding. The prospective, randomised study was undertaken in 32 patients with biopsy proven cirrhosis and variceal bleeding who were Grade A or B on a modified Child9s classification. In the 15 patients receiving metoprolol, portal pressure showed a mean fall of 3.7 mmHg (17.3 +/- 1.2 to 13.6 +/- 1.2 mmHg, p less than 0.01) after four weeks of continuous therapy, as compared with pretreatment levels. Nine of the 15 patients taking metoprolol had further bleeding (total of 21 episodes) compared with six of 17 in the sclerotherapy group (nine episodes). The risk of bleeding per patient/month of follow up was three times higher in the metoprolol group compared with those treated by sclerotherapy (0.14 and 0.04 respectively, p less than 0.025). Rebleeding in the metoprolol group occurred in six of the patients who had a fall in portal pressure of 10% or more.
CD16 promotes Escherichia coli sepsis through an FcRγ inhibitory pathway that prevents phagocytosis and facilitates inflammation
Authors: Fabiano Pinheiro da Silva, Meryem Aloulou, David Skurnik, Marc Benhamou, Antoine Andremont, Irineu T Velasco, Murilo Chiamolera, J Sjef Verbeek, Pierre Launay, Renato C Monteiro
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
First data on the palliative treatment of patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction using the WallFlex enteral stent: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: J. van Hooft, M. Mutignani, A. Repici, H. Messmann, H. Neuhaus, P. Fockens
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de J. van Hooft et al., pp. 434Endoscopy 2007; 39(05): 484-485DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306932
THE BEAUFORT ARTIFICIAL LIMB WITH RECENT MODIFICATIONS
Authors: C. W. Cathcart
Journal: BMJ (1929)

PELLAGRA AMONG M1AIZE-EATING BANTUS.[aTHE BnrTTs prisoners wlio, uintil MNarel 31st, wero onl tIlo grossly (leficient " E " diet.Tlhe preponederanc3e of cases a-miionig tlle prison1ers workin1g chieflv in the suni is indicated in the -follow-ing table.Tlhe two cases founid suffering fromii' pellagra oni admission are omitted from the table.TABLE V.-Dis(tribution of Pcllagr a Cascs in the Thrcc Scetio 's of the Durban Prison Commz17aznd.Central Point Conigella Gaol.Prisoii.Priscnl.