tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN HUMAN SKIN MAINTAINED IN ORGAN CULTURE
Authors: I. SARKANY, P. M. GAYLARDE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN HUMAN SKIN MAINTAINED IN ORGAN CULTURE Get access I. SARKANY, I. SARKANY Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, Gray's Inn Road, London W.C.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. M. GAYLARDE P. M. GAYLARDE Department of Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, Gray's Inn Road, London W.C.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 5, 1 November 1970, Pages 572–581, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15744.x Published: 01 November 1970 Article history Accepted: 17 June 1970 Published: 01 November 1970
Hyperbaric oxygenation therapy now making 'careful comeback'
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) is making a comeback.  After a long near-hiatus in HBO work in the United States, there now is a flurry of activity, including as much as a fourfold increase in the number of hyperbaric pressure chambers in this country.  In such chambers, which can be either monoplace or multiplace, 100% oxygen is administered to patients at up to three times the sea level atmospheric pressure of 760 mm Hg. Monoplace chambers are pressurized throughout with pure (100%) oxygen, while multiplace chambers are pressurized with compressed air (20.98% oxygen by volume), which the medical personnel breathe, while the patient receives 100% oxygen by face mask, endotracheal tube, or upper body tent.  The most common association that most people make with HBO is treatment of the bends sometimes experienced by divers. However, potential applications to a wide variety of other medical problems are being explored. Each year, a committee
Lipoprotein Physiology in Nondiabetic and Diabetic States: Relationship to Atherogenesis
Authors: Henry N Ginsberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Abnormalities of plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations are common in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. In general, individuals with IDDM who are untreated or inadequately treated have elevations in both postprandial and fasting triglyceride levels in association with reduced activity of lipoprotein lipase. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels can rise when insulin deficiency impacts on LDL-receptor function. When patients with IDDM are treated and plasma glucose levels well controlled, plasma very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels are usually normal. In addition, plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are normal or elevated in well-controlled IDDM subjects. In NIDDM, increased VLDL triglyceride and reduced HDL cholesterol concentrations are common and are only partially related to glycemic control. Overproduction of VLDL leads to hypertriglyceridemia, which can be exacerbated if lipoprotein lipase activity is also reduced. The regulation of LDL levels is complex; catabolism can be reduced if significant insulin deficiency exists or increased if significant hypertriglyceridemia is present. The reduced levels of HDL cholesterol in NIDDM appear to be related to increased exchange of HDL cholesteryl esters for VLDL triglycerides, although other mechanisms may exist. The roles of insulin resistance, obesity, and independently inherited abnormalities of lipoprotein metabolism in the etiology of dyslipidemia of NIDDM are complex and require further investigation. Finally, the effects of diabetes on glycosylation of apoproteins; on other lipid enzymes, particularly hepatic triglyceride lipase; on lipoprotein surface lipids; and on hepatic uptake of remnants have only just begun to be defined. In view of the marked increase in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes mellitus, prompt attention to and aggressive therapy for dyslipidemia should be a central component of care for these patients.
Prevalence of antithrombin deficiency in healthy blood donors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Philip S. Wells, Morris A. Blajchman, Penny Henderson, Michael J. Wells, Christine Demers, Ron Bourque, Ann McAvoy
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract The prevalence of antithrombin (AT) deficiency In the general population has been variously estimated to be between 0.05 and 5 per 1,000 in the population; 2,491 blood donors were screened In an attempt to clarify this Issue using plasma samples taken from the blood donor units. From this initial population, 122 individuals were identified as having plasma AT levels lower than 2 standard deviations below the normal mean. Twenty‐two samples had evidence that thrombin had been generated during blood collection and the remaining cohort of 100 blood donors were asked to return but only 59 complied. The data obtained from these 59 were compared with that from 51 age‐ and sex‐matched control blood donors. Both groups of subjects were assessed for previous evidence, or family history, of thrombotic events, as well as exposure to risk factors associated with the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). All had venous blood samples taken from which the supernatant plasma was Immediately removed and quick frozen for later assaying. Only 6 of the 59 subjects with initial low AT levels had repeat AT‐Xa levels below 0.80 units/ml (normal range 0.94 ± 0.14). Upon repeating the AT‐Xa determinations on new samples from these six Individuals, only three were found again to be low. One was found to have a type 3 AT deficiency (an Arg47Cys substitution). The other two with a low AT level had mean functional AT‐Xa levels of 0.61 and 0.71 units/ml, respectlvely, with correspondingly low AT:Ag levels consistent with a type 1 AT deficiency. Two of these three subjects has been in high risk situations without evidence of having developed DVT and none had evidence of venous reflux on Doppler venography. In addition, none had personal or family histories of previous thrombotic events. These present data Indicate that the prevalence of AT deficiency In our blood donor population is 2 per 1,000 (95% confidence intervals: 0.7‐6/1,000). © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A single localized dose of enzyme-responsive hydrogel improves long-term survival of a vascularized composite allograft
Authors: Thusitha Gajanayake, Radu Olariu, Franck M. Leclère, Ashish Dhayani, Zijiang Yang, Anjan K. Bongoni, Yara Banz, Mihai A. Constantinescu, Jeffrey M. Karp, Praveen Kumar Vemula, Robert Rieben, Esther Vögelin
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

Tacrolimus-encapsulated hydrogels improve long-term survival of a vascularized composite allograft.
APHONIA, DYSPHONIA, AND THE "SINGER'S ATTITUDE."
Authors: J. Dundas-Grant
Journal: BMJ (1930)

in 1903 had suggested that pre-natal tuiberculosis miglht in some cases posSibly be caused by the foetus swallowing liquior amnnii containing tubercle 'bacilli deriv-ed fromll a disintegrating lesioni of the placenta.How rare cases of ti ue congenital tuberculosis mnust be manv be jtlRgedl by the fact that in 1916 onie of us was able to summllnarize all the Litherto proved anid probable cases of trule conigeniittal tuber- 'ulosis in a short article published in thle British Jowurlial fC'h illrcn's Discascs.1'In ouir present paper it would plrllaps hav-e been better to lo.se the term " malignant melanomna " inistead of melan- otic sarcoma, as it might possiblly be suggested that the pl imary growth in the mother (the site of which is not ceirtaini) was a melano-tic carciomia.I'hle tui-mours in the child's liver w-ere obviouslyv of miultiple mietastatic type, annd it is the absence of any-pIriiiiaryt tuimouir ian the chlil-d thalt makes the case uiniqu;e, thle r eal primary growtlh hlavaiing been, of couirse, in the deatid m-iother.The inocula- tion of the-chilcd may hav-e takei l)lace llot loig before, or ("-evn at, birth.The liver, now in the museimiii of the Royal College of Suirgeons of England, was denionstrated by uis oni Fe(bruary 28tlh, at tho Section.for the Study of Disease in C'hiildrell, of the Royal Society of Medicine.
Abstract 237: Gene expression profiling identifies Sulindac-resistant colon tumors
Authors: Matthew P. Hanley, Shingo Miyamoto, Daniel Rosenberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Sulindac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with established chemopreventive efficacy for colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite its tumor suppressive effects, occasional resistance to this drug has been observed in clinical trials. To establish underlying mechanisms that may contribute to sulindac resistance, we have identified differentially expressed gene sets in two groups of colon tumors - those that respond to sulindac treatment and those that do not. Strain A mice were injected (ip) with azoxymethane (AOM) once per week for six weeks, followed by sulindac (180 ppm) treatment for an additional 15 weeks. Throughout the sulindac treatment period, tumor response was monitored endoscopically using a 3-mm fiber optic camera; tumor size and multiplicity were measured in situ every 3 weeks, allowing a real-time evaluation of tumor response to sulindac. At sacrifice, colons were removed and tumors were stratified according to size; large tumors (≥3 mm) were considered to be sulindac-resistant, whereas tumors ≤2 mm were classified as sulindac-responsive. Endoscopic measurements showed that presumed resistant tumors had an average doubling time of 0.9 ± 0.16 weeks, while sulindac-responsive tumors had an average doubling time of 4.0 ± 2.0 weeks. Whole genome expression analysis was conducted using an Illumina Mouse WG-6 Expression Microarray. Using Gene Ontology analysis, genes associated with inflammation, survival and proliferation were found to be differentially expressed between the two groups. Of particular interest was an increased expression of IL-1β and CXCL2, which have previously been implicated as part of a paracrine drug-resistance network in breast and lung cancers. Additionally, the growth factor MDK, which is involved in drug-resistant neuroblastomas, was found to be up-regulated in the largest colon tumors. These findings provide new insights into potential signaling networks that may contribute to the inconsistent response to sulindac chemoprevention and provide potential new targets for cancer protection. Citation Format: Matthew P. Hanley, Shingo Miyamoto, Daniel Rosenberg. Gene expression profiling identifies Sulindac-resistant colon tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 237. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-237
Association Between Lipoprotein(a) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I During Puberty and the Relationship to Microalbuminuria in Children and Adolescents With IDDM
Authors: Susanne Rudberg, Bengt Persson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To study pubertal changes in serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the relationship to microalbuminuria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Seventy-nine children and adolescents (59 with normoalbuminuria, 20 with microalbuminuria) with ≥ 5 years of IDDM were investigated together with 54 healthy control subjects in a cross-sectional study. Fasting serum Lp(a); apolipoprotein (apo) A-1 and B; total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; triglycerides; and IGF-I were analyzed as were HbA1c and overnight albumin excretion rate (AER). Pubertal development was assessed by Tanner staging. RESULTS Lp(a), apoB, triglycerides, and total and LDL cholesterol were higher (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and apoA-1 was lower (P = 0.03) in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients than in healthy control subjects. Lp(a) was increased during puberty (stages 2–4) in IDDM patients but not in healthy subjects, whereas IGF-I was significantly increased during puberty in healthy control subjects only. In IDDM patients Lp(a) correlated to insulin dose, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, but not to IGF-I, HbA1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, diabetes duration, age, or sex. In multiple regression analysis with Lp(a) as the dependent variable, puberty was the only significant contributor to the regression (r2 = 0.33, P = 0.008). Microalbuminuria was seen only in the pubertal stage 4–5. Lp(a) tended to be higher (P = 0.06) as did apoB, whereas IGF-I was lower (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in this group than in normoalbuminuric patients of the same pubertal stages. In multivariate analysis, with log AER as the dependent variable, apoB/apoA-1, systolic blood pressure, age, and IGF-I but not Lp(a) added to the regression (r2 = 0.47, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Lp(a) is elevated during puberty in normoalbuminuric subjects with IDDM, independent of metabolic control and IGF-I. Lp(a) tends to be further increased in microalbuminuria but does not seem to be a contributing determinant of log AER whereas low IGF-I does. Prospective studies are required to establish the temporal relationship between increased Lp(a) and microalbuminuria in children and adolescents with IDDM.
ARE CLINICAL MEASURES OF CERVICAL FLEXOR ENDURANCE, DIVIDED ATTENTION AND COMPUTERIZED DYNAMIC VISUAL ACUITY DIFFERENT IN ELITE YOUTH ICE HOCKEY PLAYERS WHO REPORT A PREVIOUS HISTORY OF CONCUSSION COMPARED TO THOSE WHO DO NOT?
Authors: K Schneider, CA Emery, J Kang, W Meeuwisse
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Concussion is a commonly encountered injury. Evaluation of clinical tests at baseline will provide insight on clinical alterations that may persist following concussion. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in baseline measures of cervical flexor endurance (CFE), walking while talking test (WWTT) and computerized dynamic visual acuity (cDVA) in elite youth ice hockey players who do and do not report a previous history of concussion. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Sport Medicine Clinic (Alberta, Canada). Participants Bantam (12–14 years) and Midget (15–17 years) ice hockey players (n=550). Risk factor assessment Participants completed a baseline questionnaire, including a question regarding previous history of concussion (yes/no). Main outcome measurements Participants completed clinical tests of CFE, WWTT and cDVA at baseline. Results Multivariate linear regression, adjusted for cluster, age group and sex was used to estimate mean differences in clinical measurement scores by concussion history (yes/no). Individuals reporting a previous history of concussion were able to hold a test of CFE for a geometric mean time of 0.88 (95% CI; 0.81–0.97) seconds less than those who did not report a previous history of concussion (P=.009). The time to complete WWTT complex compared to self-selected walking speed was a mean of 2.85 (1.09–4,62) seconds slower in midget females with a previous history of concussion. Players reporting a previous concussion had significantly lower cDVA score at 85 degrees/second [cDVA left =−0.036 logMAR (95%CI: −0.056, −0.016)]. Conclusion Computerized DVA (85 degrees/second) and CFE were lower in players with a previous history of concussion. The effect of past concussion history on tasks of divided attention depended on age group and sex. These findings allow a further understanding of clinical alterations that may persist following a concussion and identify an area to target in a future clinical trial for prevention.
Liver enzymes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and incident cardiovascular disease: A narrative review and clinical perspective of prospective data
Authors: Nazim Ghouri, David Preiss, Naveed Sattar
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract In recent years, a strong link has been established between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The potential role of NAFLD in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has also attracted interest. Published studies have tended to use biochemical and imaging surrogate markers of NAFLD, such as elevated gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and fatty liver on ultrasound, when investigating associations with incident CVD events. Positive associations between both baseline GGT and temporal change in GGT, as well as cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality independent of alcohol intake, have been reported in several prospective studies. However, adjustment for confounders is often incomplete, and there is scant evidence of improvement in cardiovascular risk prediction beyond established risk scores when incorporating such data. There also appears to be a strong and underrecognized age interaction, with associations between GGT and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) being strong in young individuals but relatively weak in the elderly. By contrast, ALT appears to be only weakly associated with incident CHD and may exhibit a U-shaped association with total mortality. Finally, although some studies have linked imaging-defined and biopsy-confirmed NAFLD with CVD risk, the evidence is inconsistent, with few incident events and/or insufficient potential confounders. Conclusion: A diagnosis of NAFLD is insufficient to consider patients as being at high risk for CVD. The presence of NAFLD should be a clear indication for diabetes screening, but cardiovascular risk screening should be performed with the use of existing risk calculators and should be guided by established cardiovascular risk factors.
Hepatitis C virus living off the fat of the land
Authors: Benno Wölk, Heiner Wedemeyer, Kris Kowdley
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The lipid droplet (LD) is an organelle that is used for the storage of neutral lipids. It dynamically moves through the cytoplasm, interacting with other organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These interactions are thought to facilitate the transport of lipids and proteins to other organelles. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a causative agent of chronic liver diseases. HCV capsid protein (Core) associates with the LD, envelope proteins E1 and E2 reside in the ER lumen, and the viral replicase is assumed to localize on ER-derived membranes. How and where HCV particles are assembled, however, is poorly understood. Here, we show that the LD is involved in the production of infectious virus particles. We demonstrate that Core recruits nonstructural (NS) proteins and replication complexes to LD-associated membranes, and that this recruitment is critical for producing infectious viruses. Furthermore, virus particles were observed in close proximity to LDs, indicating that some steps of virus assembly take place around LDs. This study reveals a novel function of LDs in the assembly of infectious HCV and provides a new perspective on how viruses usurp cellular functions.
Measurement of Recovery from Outpatient General Anaesthesia with a Simple Ocular Test
Authors: J. G. Hannington-Kiff
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Measurements of extraocular muscle balance with a Maddox wing can be a useful clinical test of the rate of recovery from general anaesthesia. In 65 dental outpatients recovery was found to be most rapid in those patients given only nitrous oxide, oxygen, and halothane, whereas the previous administration of methohexitone, propanidid, or thiopentone for induction was associated with slower recovery. Recovery rates after methohexitone and propanidid were similar and rapid enough to confirm their choice for intravenous induction of anaesthesia in outpatients, but delayed recovery after thiopentone showed that this agent is best avoided in these circumstances.
488. Engineering Enhanced Retroviral Vectors through the Insertion of a His6 Tag into VSV-G
Authors: Julie H. Yu, David V. Schaffer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
Engineering of retroviral vectors by inserting novel protein or peptide sequences into viral proteins could readily improve their properties as gene therapy vehicles. Enhancements to VSV-G, an envelope protein commonly used to pseudotype retroviral and lentiviral vectors, could aid in vector purification and cell-specific targeting. Because the structure of VSV-G is unknown, it is difficult to rationally determine where to insert a new sequence without disrupting the virus' ability to transduce cells. We have developed a system to modify viral genomes through the random insertion of small peptides that may confer novel function to the viral vector. This high throughput method was used to generate a library of VSV-G mutants that have a His6 tag randomly incorporated at as many or all possible points in the original protein sequence. We have screened these libraries to isolate variants that can be purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography while still retaining their ability to transduce cells. Purification by this method may provide advantages over current techniques in purity and scalability. In addition, these mutants will assist in identifying possible sites for the insertion of targeting ligands. The detailed genetic footprint provided by the comprehensive coverage of insertion sites will also provide further knowledge of the structure and function of VSV-G. Finally, we are utilizing this novel system to explore other desirable improvements to gene therapy vectors such as enhanced vector trafficking and antibody evasion.
Rate of Suicide Increases in Middle Age
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal