tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychiatry for the Pediatrician.
Authors: Hale F. Shirley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

This book is the product of the author's experience in the study and treatment of patients brought to the Stanford University Pediatric Psychiatric Unit and of his efforts as a teacher of medical students and resident pediatric staff members to make a basic training in child psychiatry a useful part of their training for pediatric and general practice. "It is intended to be an introduction to the subject; a primer as it were." The author has succeeded well in his announced intention to keep his language simple but has not succeeded quite so well in observing another of his objectives, brevity. For example, under basic concepts in child guidance he has a discussion of enuresis that is repeated under development and habit training. In both of these, he repeats all the timeworn and largely discarded medical treatments for enuresis, even including Kragnogorski's inhuman and ineffective method of giving 5 Gm.
CASE OF PRIMARY COMBINED COLUMN DISEASE.
Authors: JOHN K. MITCHELL
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The patient, A. R., a farmer, when first seen Jan. 19, 1895, was 42 years of age. He had never suffered from any serious disease, had led a moderate life and denied syphilis. His hair was almost white but his complexion clear and unwrinkled. Four months previously (September 1894), he began to be troubled by numbness in the toes and fingers, which became worse after the first of December, 1894. His condition when first examined January 19 was as follows: He complained of numbness of both legs and of the body up to the manubrium. There was a subjective sense of numbness of the left arms and in a slighter degree of the right, ill-defined, but felt to and above the elbows. There were girdle pains in the lower abdomen, slight swaying on standing, but no staggering when walking; and a decrease of sexual desire. The knee-jerks were active, and
Abstract 3259: HIV protease inhibitors induce apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death in ovarian cancer cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Natalie A. Vandeven, Karen McLean, Dorothy R. Sorenson, J. Rebecca Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: HIV patients taking antiretroviral protease inhibitors have a lower incidence of HIV associated malignancies, leading to the hypothesis that these drugs have antineoplastic activity. Given the need for novel treatment approaches in ovarian cancer, we investigated the antineoplastic effects of the HIV protease inhibitors saquinavir and nelfinavir in vitro and in vivo. Methods: A panel of ovarian cancer cell lines was treated with saquinavir and nelfinavir. The effect of protease inhibitors on cell growth, viability, apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death was determined. Stimulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) response was assessed by immunoblotting for ERS regulators GRP78 and ATF6. Induction of autophagy was assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and confocal microscopy was performed to demonstrate changes in green fluorescent protein-labeled LC3 expression patterns. A xenograph model of ovarian cancer was used to assess the antineoplastic effect of nelfinavir in vivo. Results: HIV protease inhibitors induced cell death in chemosensitive and chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Treatment with protease inhibitors resulted in caspase-dependent apoptosis and caspase-independent cell death characterized by induction of ERS and autophagy. Cellular morphology assessed by TEM revealed apoptotic, autophagic, and necrotic cell death. Preliminary results indicate that nelfinavir administer intraperitoneally inhibits tumor growth in vivo without inducing weight loss. In contrast, the dose of intraperitoneal cisplatin required to attain a similar antineoplastic effect resulted in significant weight loss and morbidity. Conclusions: Because protease inhibitors can induce both apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death, these drugs may circumvent chemoresistance due to alterations in apoptotic response. Saquinavir and Nelfinavir are FDA-approved agents for the treatment of HIV, and our data suggest that these drugs may also have clinical application in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3259.
Respiratory-related evoked potential elicited in tracheostomised lung transplant patients
Authors: P. W. Davenport, A. D. Martin, Y-L. Chou, S. Alexander-Miller
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

The present study investigated the role of removal of upper airway and lung vagal afferents in the respiratory-related evoked potential (RREP) response to inspiratory occlusions in two patients with a tracheostomy, who had undergone double lung transplantation (DLT). The patients were 1.5 and 3 months post-DLT and surgical placement of the tracheostomy. RREP recordings in response to inspiratory occlusions were obtained under four conditions: mouth breathing ignore trial; mouth breathing attend trial; tracheostomy breathing attend trial; and tracheostomy breathing ignore trial. The RREP peak components, N f , P 1 and N 1 , were present in both mouth and tracheostomy ignore breathing trials. The P 300 was present in both mouth and tracheostomy attend trials. RREP peak latencies were similar between conditions. The peak amplitudes were greater with mouth breathing due to greater occlusion-related inspiratory pressure. These results demonstrate that the respiratory-related evoked potential can be elicited with inspiratory occlusion in the absence of mouth, upper airway and lung vagal afferent input. This suggests that inspiratory occlusion can elicit cortical activity with activation of inspiratory pump mechanoreceptors.
Toluene diisocyanate-induced in vitro tracheal hyperreactivity in the mouse.
Authors: H Scheerens, T L Buckley, E M Davidse, J Garssen, F P Nijkamp, H Van Loveren
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Toluene diisocyantate (TDI) is a low-molecular-weight compound that is known to cause occupational asthma in 5% to 10% of exposed workers. These patients exhibit marked airway hyperresponsiveness and granulocyte accumulation in the airways, and 10% to 20% were also determined to have TDI-specific IgE in their serum. In this study, we developed a murine model for TDI-induced asthma. After several sensitization and challenge regimens were tested, it was decided that optimal sensitization was observed after mice (BALB/c) were skin sensitized with TDI (1%) two times on two consecutive days and challenged intranasally 8 d later with TDI (1%). Sensitized mice exhibited tracheal hyperreactivity to carbachol 24 h after challenge (69% increase in maximal contractile response). In contrast, no differences between the control and TDI-treated groups was observed 2 and 48 h after challenge with 1% TDI. There appeared to be no elevation in TDI-specific IgE antibodies in the serum at all time points measured. In addition, no influx of leukocytes could be detected histologically in the trachea and lung tissue or airway lumen 2, 24, and 48 h after the challenge. Surprisingly, the tracheal hyperreactivity was associated with a marked increase in myeloperoxidase but not eosinophil peroxidase activity in the lung tissue and in the cells of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at 24 h after the challenge. To investigate the role of lymphocytes in the induction of tracheal hyperreactivity, mice were passively sensitized by intravenous injection of lymphoid cells from TDI-sensitized donor mice. Similar to active sensitization, adoptive transfer of lymphocytes from sensitized donors resulted in tracheal hyperreactivity 24 h after challenge of the recipients. In conclusion, these data show that TDI is capable of inducing lymphocyte-dependent but IgE-independent tracheal hyperreactivity in the mouse that is not associated with cellular infiltration in the airways. This model can be used to further investigate the possible mechanisms involved in the development of occupational asthma induced by TDl.
Recurrent leg ulcers and arterial thrombosis in a 33‐year‐old homozygous variant of antithrombin
Authors: Kazuhiro Shimizu, Fumi Toriyama, Fumihide Ogawa, Ichiro Katayama, Kenji Okajima
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract We report here a homozygous variant case of antithrombin (AT) associated with arterial thrombosis and recurrent leg ulcers. The deep vein thrombosis was recognized by the venogram of his pelvic veins. His leg ulcers were scattered around his left ankle and accompanied by lipodermatosclerosis, which was evident in venous insufficiency. The propositus had developed cerebral infarction 12 years prior to his leg ulcers. Coagulation study showed low heparin cofactor activity of his AT with a normal level of immunoreactive AT. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the exon 2 of his AT gene showed Arg47‐Cys mutation, leading to the lack of affinity of AT for heparin. The propositus is a homozygote for this abnormality. Am. J. Hematol. 66:285–291, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Central venous concentrations of immunoreactive prostaglandins E, F, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 in eclampsia.
Authors: J Moodley, R J Norman, K Reddi
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Concentrations of prostaglandins E, F, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha were estimated in central venous blood and amniotic fluid in 21 women with eclampsia and 16 healthy pregnant controls. Central venous blood concentrations of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and prostaglandin E were significantly lower in patients than controls before delivery and remained reduced for at least 48 hours after delivery. Low concentrations of prostaglandins E and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha are probably directly related to the pathogenesis of eclampsia.
953-36 L-Arginine Administration Improves Left Ventricular Performance in Neonatal Lambs Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Two Hours of Global Hypothermic Ischemia
Authors: Joseph M. Forbess, Takuya Miura, Takeshi Hiramatsu, Mark Cioffi, John E. Mayer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
How Well Does the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Predict Postoperative Hemorrhage?
Authors: Anthony L. Suchman
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To determine the clinical usefulness of the activated partial thromboplastin time in screening patients before surgery, we related preoperative test results to the occurrence of hemorrhagic complications, studying all adult inpatients undergoing invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedures at a large university hospital during a one-year period. Using clinical characteristics to divide the population into two groups according to a priori risk of hemorrhagic complications, we found that the activated partial thromboplastin time had no ability to predict the occurrence or absence of hemorrhage in the low-risk group, but that it was a predictor of modest strength in the high-risk group. Our data justify limiting preoperative coagulation screening to patients with active bleeding, known or clinically suspected bleeding disorders (including use of anticoagulants), liver disease, malabsorption, malnutrition, or other conditions associated with acquired coagulopathies and patients whose procedures may interfere with normal coagulation. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:750-753)
Relationship of Hospital Teaching Status With Quality of Care and Mortality for Medicare Patients With Acute MI
Authors: Jeroan J. Allison
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextIssues of cost and quality are gaining importance in the delivery of medical care, and whether quality of care is better in teaching vs nonteaching hospitals is an essential question in this current national debate.ObjectiveTo examine the association of hospital teaching status with quality of care and mortality for fee-for-service Medicare patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Design, Setting, and PatientsAnalysis of Cooperative Cardiovascular Project data for 114,411 Medicare patients from 4361 hospitals (22,354 patients from 439 major teaching hospitals, 22,493 patients from 455 minor teaching hospitals, and 69,564 patients from 3467 nonteaching hospitals) who had AMI between February 1994 and July 1995.Main Outcome MeasuresAdministration of reperfusion therapy on admission, aspirin during hospitalization, and β-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors at discharge for patients meeting strict inclusion criteria; mortality at 30, 60, and 90 days and 2 years after admission.ResultsAmong major teaching, minor teaching, and nonteaching hospitals, respectively, administration rates for aspirin were 91.2%, 86.4%, and 81.4% (P&lt;.001); for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 63.7%, 60.0%, and 58.0% (P&lt;.001); for β-blockers, 48.8%, 40.3%, and 36.4% (P&lt;.001); and for reperfusion therapy, 55.5%, 58.9%, and 55.2% (P = .29). Differences in unadjusted 30-day, 60-day, 90-day, and 2-year mortality among hospitals were significant at P&lt;.001 for all time periods, with a gradient of increasing mortality from major teaching to minor teaching to nonteaching hospitals. Mortality differences were attenuated by adjustment for patient characteristics and were almost eliminated by additional adjustment for receipt of therapy.ConclusionsIn this study of elderly patients with AMI, admission to a teaching hospital was associated with better quality of care based on 3 of 4 quality indicators and lower mortality.
Androgen Production and Biosynthesis by Human Adrenal Tissues.
Authors: George L. Cohn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Androgen Production and Biosynthesis by Human Adrenal Tissues.George L. Cohn, M.D., F.A.C.P.George L. Cohn, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1075_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is well-recognized that the human adrenal gland synthesizes and secretes into the adrenal vein free androgens and sulfate derivatives. Recently the biosynthetic pathways of these androgens were established. "Normal," adenomatous, hyperplastic, and carcinomatous adrenal tissues removed at operation were incubated in buffer solution (1) alone, (2) with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), (3) with tracers alone of H3-17α-rhydroxy-pregnenolone and C14-17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and (4) in equimolar amounts of (3). The data indicate that predominant biosynthetic Pathway I is 17α-hydroxypregnenolone → dehydroepiandrosterone → androstenedione. Although the Pathway II 17α-hydroxypregnenolone → 17α-hydroxyprogesterone → androstenedione was demonstrated, it is of lesser importance than Pathway I. It... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New Haven, Connecticut PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1075-1075KeywordsAdrenal glandsAdrenocorticotropic hormoneAndrogensBiosynthesisDehydroepiandrosteroneSulfatesVeins Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Philo Phylo Phyllo
Authors: George X. Trimble
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I would like to ask George X. Trimble, MD, a serious question. How can a philogist writing appositely about phylogeny vs phyllogeny (<b>194</b>:236, 1965) overlook philogyny? Can it be he's not? Orchids, of the phyllogenous variety, to Dr. Walworth for reminding us that "unto the man is a woman." As one who admits to philodemic beliefs and to being a philogeant, I must of necessity confess to philogynous traits. Philogynist, yes. Philogist, no. Philanderer, No. A confirmed bachelor, such as I, though blessed with philogynic inclinations must nevertheless plead mobility and agility to explain his non-nubility.
Survey of bottled drinking water available in Manitoba, Canada.
Authors: E Pip
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Forty domestic and imported brands of bottled water were purchased in Manitoba, Canada and examined for total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, sulfate, nitrate-nitrogen, cadmium, lead, copper, and radioactivity. The samples showed great variation in quality, and some exceeded the Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for drinking water for TDS, chloride, and lead. Carbonation, ozonation, and type of packaging were not associated with differences in metal levels, although carbonated samples tended to show higher TDS values. A number of deficiencies were found with respect to product labeling.
Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot in Infancy
Authors: CECILLE O. SUNDERLAND, RUTH G. MATARAZZO, MARTIN H. LEES, VICTOR D. MENASHE, LAWRENCE I. BONCHEK, JACK A. ROSENBERG, ALBERT STARR
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Total intracardiac repair of symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot was accomplished in twenty-nine infants under two years of age with a mortality of six per cent. All twenty-seven survivors are asymptomatic. Postoperative hemodynamic evaluation of 17 randomly selected children was performed at least 12 months following surgery. Pulmonary regurgitation was present in 12 of the 17 children but was well tolerated, with only minimal cardiac enlargement and in no case were there symptoms or important hemodynamic consequences. Growth of the pulmonary artery with respect to the aorta occurred. Normal left ventricular performance was indicated by normal ejection fraction and normal systemic arterial pressure. Intellectual and social development were indistinguishable from a "normal" group of randomly selected children as assessed by detailed psychological testing.
Proinflammatory cytokines stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression in rat cholangiocytes
Authors: A. Granato, L. Calò, C. Spirli, NF. LaRusso, D. Vianello, E. Duner, L. Okolicsanyi, G. Crepaldi, M. Strazzabosco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts in plasma and liver of rats with iron overload.
Authors: K Houglum, M Filip, J L Witztum, M Chojkier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

In hepatic iron overload, iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation has been implicated in the mechanisms of hepatocellular injury. Lipid peroxidation may produce reactive aldehydes such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which may form aldehyde-protein adducts. We investigated whether lipid peroxidation occurred in rats fed a diet containing 3% carbonyl iron for 5-13 wk, and if this resulted in the formation of MDA- and 4-HNE- protein adducts. Chronic iron feeding resulted in hepatic iron overload (greater than 10-fold) and concomitantly induced a 2-fold increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation. Using an antiserum specific for MDA-lysine protein adducts, we demonstrated by immunohistochemistry the presence of aldehyde-protein adducts in the cytosol of periportal hepatocytes, which co-localized with iron. In addition, MDA- and 4-HNE-lysine adducts were found in plasma proteins of animals with iron overload. Only MDA adducts were detected in albumin, while other plasma proteins including a approximately 120-kD protein had both MDA and 4-HNE adducts. In this animal model of hepatic iron overload, injury occurs primarily in periportal hepatocytes, where MDA-lysine protein adducts and excess iron co-localized.
Preoperative Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Lessons Learned and Future Prospects
Authors: George W. Sledge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.05.980 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 14625269 Preoperative Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Lessons Learned and Future Prospects George W. Sledge JrxGeorge W. Sledge JrSearch for articles by this author Show More Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.05.980 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Preoperative Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Lessons Learned and Future Prospects." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(24), pp. 4481–4482© 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
P2Y <sub>12</sub> H2 Haplotype Is Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Pierre Fontana, Pascale Gaussem, Martine Aiach, Jean-Noël Fiessinger, Joseph Emmerich, Jean-Luc Reny
Journal: Circulation (2003)

We recently described a gain-of-function haplotype, called H2, of the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor P2Y12 gene associated with increased ADP-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo in healthy volunteers. Because platelets play a key role in atherosclerosis and arterial thrombosis, we tested the possible link between the H2 haplotype and the risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a case-control study.We studied 184 consecutive male patients under 70 years of age with PAD and 330 age-matched control subjects free of symptomatic PAD and with no cardiovascular history. Mean age was 57.1+/-7.2 years (cases) and 56.7+/-7.6 years (control subjects). The H2 haplotype was more frequent in patients with PAD than in control subjects (30% and 21%, respectively; OR, 1.6; CI, 1.1 to 2.5; P=0.02 in univariate analysis). This association with PAD remained significant in multivariate regression analysis (OR, 2.3; CI, 1.4 to 3.9; P=0.002) after adjustment for diabetes, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and other selected platelet receptor gene polymorphisms.These data point to a role of the H2 haplotype in atherosclerosis and raise the possibility of relative thienopyridine resistance in carriers of the P2Y12 H2 haplotype.
A case of primary oropharyngeal and gastric syphilis mimicking oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: S. Tamura, Y. Takimoto, Y. Hoshida, K. Okada, M. Yoshimura, K. Uji, A. Yoshida, H. Miki, M. Itoh
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is one of the most valuable imaging methods by which to establish tumor extent and size, to assess nodal disease, and to detect distant metastasis in head and neck cancer. For this reason, FDG-PET imaging has been reported to be useful for preoperative or preradiotherapy staging [1] [2]. However, high FDG uptake can be observed in inflammatory diseases [3] [4] [5]; thus, it is important to suspect inflammatory or infectious diseases even in cancer patients to avoid a false-positive interpretation.
The Hyperactive Child With Minimal Brain Dysfunction: Questions and Answers
Authors: Arthur L. Drew
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Presumably based on questions asked by the nonspecialist, parent, teacher, and student, this book is offered to these groups as a helpful guide to what Dr. Millichap seems to assume is an entity. The author denies this quite specifically, but that is, nevertheless, the flavor of the book. I am concerned that the audience it is written for will carry away that conviction. There is much useful information, perhaps too much, that in less well-informed and experienced hands than the author's may well lead to a reader becoming an instant expert in neurologic and psychological diagnosis, to say nothing of drug therapy. The sections on epilepsy and its treatment, electroencephalography, cerebral palsy, psychopharmacology, and the neurological examination are too detailed for a book of this sort. They are much too simplistic for the more informed and sophisticated reader. The present reviewer has difficulty in recommending the book to the professional