tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anti-Infectious Action of Crede's Collargol.
Authors: C. F. Steifel
Journal: JAMA (1903)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your issue of December 20 I notice with much surprise and regret an editorial, "Anti-Infectious Action of Credé's Collargol," in which the statement is made that, because the bacteriologic investigations of Cohn in Pfeiffer's laboratory (Königsberg) have given negative results, and because 45 minutes after introduction into the circulation colloid silver is no longer demonstrable in the blood, its fate as a specific against sepsis is settled. It seems that you expect from collargolum a powerful bactericide effect, as from sublimate or nitrate of silver; if it possessed an action of this character, it could never be introduced so freely into the system. As, however, Professor Wenckebach (director of the Groningen University Medical Clinic) states, collargolum is a powerful catalysator in the body, and hence can only enhance the normal bactericide properties of the blood. Bacteriologic experiments are incompetent to determine the efficacy or inefficacy of
Tc-99m-EXAMETAZIME EVALUATION OF NON-EPILEPTIC (PSEUDO) SEIZURES
Authors: H. Tran, L. Lamki, B. Baron, J. Wheless, J. Wilmore, V. Curtis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Tran, H.; Lamki, L.; Baron, B.; Wheless, J.; Wilmore, J.; Curtis, V. Author Information
Diseases of the Pancreas and Their Surgical Treatment.
Authors: Arthur William Mayo Robson, Robson, Berkeley Moynihan Moynihan, Arthur William Mayo Robson Sir, Baron Berkeley Moynihan Moynihan, Arthur William Mayo
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Bacille Calmette-Guérin Vaccination on C-Peptide Secretion in Children Newly Diagnosed With IDDM
Authors: John F Elliott, Karen L Marlin, Robert Couch
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE To determine whether administration of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination to newly diagnosed IDDM patients can help preserve C-peptide secretion over the subsequent 18 months. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-six IDDM patients, all of whom had been diagnosed within the previous year, had basal C-peptide levels &amp;gt;0.06 nmol/1, and had negative reactions to Mantoux's test, were randomized pairwise as they presented and were given either 0.1 ml (100 μg) BCG vaccine or 0.1 ml saline intradermally. Both the patients and the investigators were blinded to the treatment. Fasting and glucagon-induced C-peptide levels and HbA1c were measured in all patients at enrollment and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months after vaccination, and insulin dose was recorded at each visit. RESULTS At enrollment, there was no significant difference in age, duration of diabetes, insulin dose, HbA1c, or fasting C-peptide levels between the BCG-vaccinated and control groups. The mean basal and stimulated C-peptide levels in the BCG-treated group did not differ significantly from those in the control group at any time during the 18 months of followup, and there was no difference in insulin dose or HbA1c at any time between the groups. CONCLUSIONS BCG vaccination in children who have been recently diagnosed with IDDM does not affect the progressive decline in C-peptide levels or alter the clinical course of the disease.
Targeting Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism in Melanoma Causes Metabolic Compensation through Glucose and Glutamine Utilization
Authors: Ji-Hong Lim, Chi Luo, Francisca Vazquez, Pere Puigserver
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Metabolic targets offer attractive opportunities for cancer therapy. However, their targeting may activate alternative metabolic pathways that can still support tumor growth. A subset of human melanomas relies on PGC1α-dependent mitochondrial oxidative metabolism to maintain growth and survival. Herein, we show that loss of viability caused by suppression of PGC1α in these melanomas is rescued by induction of glycolysis. Suppression of PGC1α elevates reactive oxygen species levels decreasing hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) hydroxylation that, in turn, increases its protein stability. HIF1α reprograms melanomas to become highly glycolytic and dependent on this pathway for survival. Dual suppression of PGC1α and HIF1α causes energetic deficits and loss of viability that are partially compensated by glutamine utilization. Notably, triple suppression of PGC1α, HIF1α, and glutamine utilization results in complete blockage of tumor growth. These results show that due to high metabolic and bioenergetic flexibility, complete treatment of melanomas will require combinatorial therapy that targets multiple metabolic components.
Hospital-Acquired Salmonellosis Traced to Carmine Dye Capsules
Authors: Louis E. Komarmy, Mary E. Oxley, George Brecher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

A RECENT outbreak of infection due to Salmonella cubana in 7 patients hospitalized at the University of California, San Francisco, Medical Center was traced to carmine dye ingested as a stool marker. This discovery demonstrates a serious flaw in the protection of patients from hospital-acquired enteric infection. It also illustrates the problem of tracing hospital-acquired salmonellosis and of differentiating mere stool passage of salmonella from actual infection.During a four-week period in June and July, 1966, S. cubana was isolated from the stools of 5 adult patients admitted to the hospital for investigation of weight loss and chronic diarrhea. The . . .
Abstract 2174: MLL3 act as a tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sonal Gupta, Radha Mukherjee, Marco dal Molin, Michael Goggins, Sachin Hebbar, Anirban Maitra
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 3 (MLL3) is a histone 3-lysine 4 methyltransferase, found frequently mutated in a variety of solid tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma where it is the fourth most common somatically mutated gene (excluding homozygous deletions). Despite various somatic mutations, the functional role of MLL3 has not been studied in pancreatic cancer. Upon careful compilation of all the known MLL3 somatic mutations in various solid tumors, no hotspots were identified. However, regardless of the mutation status, we found significantly diminished MLL3 expression in a panel of patient-derived pancreatic tumor cell lines, tumor xenografts and archived patient tumors. Examination of the MLL3 promoter region revealed a CpG island. Methylation of the promoter region was confirmed by methylation-specific PCR in majority of the tumor cell lines and xenografts. Treatment with DNA methyltransferase inhibitor relieved the promoter methylation causing increase in MLL3 transcript expression. Further, knockdown of MLL3 by siRNA in cell lines increased anchorage-independent growth, and enhanced the migration/invasion phenotype of cancer cells. Agilent microarray analysis of two pancreatic cancer cell lines subsequent to knockdown of residual MLL3 function by siRNA, revealed a battery of potential gene targets and pathways regulated by MLL3. The most common Gene Ontology (GO) categories for differentially expressed genes include those involved in cell cycle, cell migration, and DNA repair, underscoring the phenotypes observed with MLL3 siRNA. We indeed observed an increase in MLL3 expression upon DNA damage which was independent of p53 status. Using transgenic mouse model of pancreatic cancer, we are investigating whether loss of MLL3 function in exocrine pancreas cooperates with mutant Kras to accelerate the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) to invasive neoplasia. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2174. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2174
Further comment on the article cited follows.
Authors: Lynn Perry, Beulah Learnard
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a recent issue ofThe Journal, Moore, Stunkard, and Srole expressed uncertainty regarding the accuracy of reports of body weight. This problem also arose in connection with a study we have been conducting on the association between overweight and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Accordingly, we have been comparing a person's statement of his own weight with that of others in the household and with the scale reading taken at the end of the interview. While the work is still in progress, a report of our preliminary findings seems appropriate at this time. For 144 subjects, the accuracy of estimate is quite high; the product moment correlation between subjects' self-estimates and scale weights is r=0.98. This is also true for males and females taken separately. In addition, another adult in the same household is able to give an accurate report of the subject's weight; r=0.94. Although Moore
Scuba Diving and Laryngospasm
Authors: R. D. Workman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  I read Dr. Huss's answer and wondered at the time, as did Dr. Bowen, whether Dr. Huss was fully aware of the mechanism of air embolism. Yet, I felt that the answer given was excellent, since it mentioned all treatment requirements subsequent to an unconscious diver being brought to the surface, which is when he will be initially seen by most physicians.  The scuba diver is taught to exhale sufficiently on ascent so that the air in his lungs, expanding in accordance with Boyle's Law, will be released to avoid lung overpressure. An unconscious diver with a relaxed larynx would not trap air in his lungs and overpressurize them on ascent. The outward expansion of the air in the lungs with decreasing water pressure would probably be sufficient to keep water out, just as a swimmer keeps water out of his nostrils by exhaling through his nose.
Neglect of Clinical Teaching.
Authors: Wm. Osler
Journal: JAMA (1889)

<h3>Dear Sir:</h3> —Allow me to make one remark on the question of bed-side teaching, with which you dealt so fully and so well in your editorial of the 9th inst. The difficulty lies entirely in the short three-session course. The students, teachers and patients are here, and there is no reason whatever why Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Baltimore, Chicago, St. Louis and Cincinnati should not have clinical teaching just as thorough, and just as systematic as is given to-day in Edinburgh, or on this continent, in Montreal. Large classes, in large cities with ample hospital facilities, can be perfectly well managed. The lack of a fourth year is the only obstacle. Yours truly,
IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE OF THE SKIN: THE INTERPRETATION OF THE STAINING OF BLOOD VESSELS AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE AIDED BY NEW TECHNIQUES
Authors: R. H. CORMANE, E. SZABO, L. S. HAUGE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.– Basic technical aspects of immunofluorescence (IF) methods such as section cutting, substrate tissue, the purity of the fluorescein labelled antisera, and the optical properties of the fluorescence microscope, are discussed in relation to standardizing them. Direct and indirect fluorescence methods are mentioned. For IF study of the skin epi‐illumination has the advantage that no darkfield image of green excitation light (often still transmitted by some filter combinations) is mistaken for green FITC fluorescence. Also epi‐illumination gives a better contrast and therefore it is possible to dilute the antisera and conjugates more than before to reduce non‐specific staining. The immunopathological findings in various dermatoses are briefly discussed in relation to diagnosis. Interpretation of the findings is affected by the use of a vertical illuminator with interchangeable dichroic mirrors for epi‐illumination. The main finding concerns the location of Ig‐complement complexes in the dermis in various dermatoses. Also the fluorescence of vessels in ‘normal’ and affected skin in various dermatoses is discussed. These include lupus erythematosus, and include results of a study of immunofluorescence and autotransplantation reactions, dermatitis herpetiformis, pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigoid, allergic vasculitis, cutaneous amyloidosis, and porphyria‐erythropoietic and cutanea tarda varieties. The participation of complement in various immunological reactions is commented upon.
Advances in the Diagnosis of Fetal Defects
Authors: Frank A. Chervenak, Glenn Isaacson, Maurice J. Mahoney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

FETAL diagnosis is a young and rapidly changing field of study aimed at detecting fetal disease and improving its management. The current success of fetal diagnosis is the product of new methods for the anatomical and biochemical evaluation of the unborn human. Of these tools, ultrasonography has become the dominant technique for visualizing the fetus in utero. At the same time, the cytogenetic and biochemical makeup of the fetus is increasingly accessible to study by a variety of laboratory tests. This paper will describe the newest methods in antenatal diagnosis and discuss the changing roles of the more established techniques. . . .
Impracticability of Informed Consent in the Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network
Authors: Jack V. Tu, Donald J. Willison, Frank L. Silver, Jiming Fang, Janice A. Richards, Andreas Laupacis, Moira K. Kapral
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Government legislators and research ethics boards in some jurisdictions require all patients to give written informed consent before enrollment in clinical registries. However, the effect of such a requirement on the use of clinical registries and the extent to which registry data can be generalized remain uncertain.We examined the effectiveness of a comprehensive attempt to obtain informed consent between June 2001 and December 2002 on the overall participation rate and the characteristics of participating patients in the Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network, a prospective registry based at 20 major stroke centers across Canada.The overall participation rate (i.e., the consent rate among all potential participants) was 39.3 percent of 4285 eligible patients during phase 1 of the project (June 2001 through February 2002) and 50.6 percent of 2823 eligible patients during phase 2 (June 2002 through December 2002), despite the presence of neurologic research nurse coordinators at each site. Many patients died or left the hospital before they could be approached for consent. Major selection biases were found; the in-hospital mortality rate was much lower among patients who were enrolled (6.9 percent) than among those who were not enrolled (21.7 percent) (relative risk of in-hospital death, 3.13; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.65 to 3.70; P<0.001). We estimate that approximately 500,000 dollars (Canadian dollars) was spent on consent-related issues during the first two years of the registry.Obtaining written informed consent for participation in a stroke registry led to important selection biases, such that registry patients were not representative of the typical patient with stroke at each center. These findings highlight the need for legislation on privacy and policies permitting waivers of informed consent for minimal-risk observational research.
Cancer Research UK sets out measures to ensure that UK medical research flourishes
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Increasing the range of research funders, a supportive infrastructure, and a simpler regulatory system are among the recommendations of Cancer Research UK to encourage innovative medical research in the United Kingdom.

The charity’s report, published on 14 September, urges the government to develop a clear vision in its strategy for research and innovation, which its recent white paper on higher education announced would be set out by the end of the year.

To inform this strategy Cancer Research UK details the components it considers essential to help world class medical research continue in the UK. Its recommendations are based on interviews with 30 cancer researchers funded by the charity and experts in research funding and strategy.

“We hope that in this tight financial climate the strategy will show investors, including charities, industry, and international funders, …
Diagnostic Evaluation of Arrhythmic Disorders
Authors: Kenneth M. Rosen
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THE specialized cardiac conduction system consists of sinus node, atrioventricular node, His bundle, and the bundle-branch system. Impulse formation is normally initiated in the sinus node, while the other structures are necessary for conduction of the impulse from atrium to ventricles and for distribution of the impulse in an orderly fashion to the ventricles. Activation of the specialized conduction system is not seen directly on the surface electrocardiogram, which only shows activity of atrial muscle (P wave) and ventricular muscle (QRS complex). Abnormalities of the specialized conduction system are inferred from the surface cardiogram; eg, atrioventricular block, which produces abnormal conduction patterns between P waves and QRS complexes, and bundle-branch blocks, which produces a disordered QRS. Techniques are now available that allow a more direct look at the function of the specialized conduction system.<sup>1-4</sup>The most important of these is the catheter recording of His bundle electrograms. With catheterization of
Origins of the Pernkopf Anatomy Atlas-Reply
Authors: Alfred Ebenbauer
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The medical faculty of the University of Vienna has produced negative headlines in recent years because of limited identification with the events occurring during and after the annexation (<i>Anschluss</i>) of Austria by Nazi Germany.<sup>1,2</sup>Serious reproaches are the alleged existence still today within our medical school of organ preparations derived from victims of Nazi persecution and the unanswered question of whether the corpses depicted in Pernkopf's atlas are of the same origin. We deeply regret that no relevant investigations were initiated during the half century that has elapsed since World War II to shed light on all aspects concerning the university's role under Nazi dictatorship. Furthermore, it is deplored that the events associated with Nazi terror were systematically suppressed, forgotten, and sometimes even denied. Current staff of the University of Vienna condemn this policy of sweeping unpalatable facts under the carpet. It is only recently, on the occasion of
Angioneurotic Edema From an Oral Contraceptive
Authors: R. L. Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the editor:--A 29-year-old white woman was seen April 17, 1967, with a severe angioneurotic edema of the face which had developed suddenly. She had taken aspirin for the two previous days and ethynodiol diacetate with mestranol (Ovulen) for 15 days. Treatment with epinephrine and dexamethasone administered parenterally and diphenhydramine orally did not benefit. Oral contraceptive thereapy was discontinued, and the edema subsided five days later. On April 25, she was asymptomatic. Aspirin had produced no ill effect, and oral contraceptive therapy was started again. After four days edema of the uvula and soft palate appeared, and again medication did not give relief. The edema subsided after a few days during which the patient abstained from cosmetics, tooth pastes, and all allergenic dietary items. Later she resumed all foods and contactants, but has taken no oral contraceptives, and has remained asymptomatic.
Effect of inhaled leukotriene B4 alone and in combination with prostaglandin D2 on bronchial responsiveness to histamine in normal subjects.
Authors: P N Black, R W Fuller, G W Taylor, P J Barnes, C T Dollery
Journal: Thorax (1989)

The effect of intradermal injection of leukotriene B4 alone and in combination with prostaglandin D2 and E2 and the effect of inhaled leukotriene B4 in combination with prostaglandin D2 were studied in six non-asthmatic men. The intradermal injection of leukotriene B4 (1 microgram) alone caused no immediate or late response in five of the six subjects but greatly potentiated the flare response to intradermal prostaglandin D2 (0.5 microgram) and E2 (0.5 microgram) in all subjects. In contrast, inhaled prostaglandin D2 (6 micrograms) alone and in combination with inhaled leukotriene B4 (12 micrograms) caused no change in the response to inhaled histamine, measured 30 minutes and three and six hours after the inhalation. These findings provide no support for the suggestion that leukotriene B4 has an important role in causing bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The possibility that higher doses of inhaled leukotriene B4 may alter bronchial responsiveness cannot, however, be ruled out.
Reply from Authors re: Vincenzo Ficarra, Giacomo Novara, Guido Martignoni. The Use of Simplified Versions of the Fuhrman Nuclear Grading System in Clinical Practice Requires the Agreement of a Multidisciplinary Panel of Experts. Eur Urol 2009;56:782–4
Authors: Maxine Sun, Giovanni Lughezzani, Mathieu Latour, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Mendel--forgotten or ignored?
Authors: R. Kessel
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Colin Cowell's letter (July 2002 JRSM1) repeats inter alia the common misconception that Gregor Mendel's work of the 1860s languished unread for 40 years. Not so! As Arno Gustafsson pointed out over 30 years ago2, Mendel's work was referred to in the scientific literature a dozen times between its first publication and its ‘rediscovery’ around 1900. Indeed, as Peter Portin details in his comprehensive study of the development of the concept of the gene3, by the beginning of the 19th century it was already recognized by von Niessel and others that Mendel's long-lasting experiments were in no way unknown or hidden but rather were actively put aside on the basis of others' views prevailing. A phenomenon not unknown today.
Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Services, Treatments, and Outcomes
Authors: R J Greenwood
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ed M Anne Chamberlain, Vera Neumann, Alan Tennant Chapman and Hall, pounds sterling26.99, pp 273 ISBN 0 412 48970 8

Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation is one of the few books that provide a European perspective on this subject. Its flavour is indicated by the fragmented cover graphics, representing the fractured skull, personality, life, family, etc, that occur after severe brain injury, the fact that traumatic (dramatic) rather than diffuse brain injury is emphasised, and the words such as “strive” and “challenge” that …