tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Disease, Interleukin-6, and Risk of Mortality in Older Women
Authors: Stefano Volpato, Jack M. Guralnik, Luigi Ferrucci, Jennifer Balfour, Paulo Chaves, Linda P. Fried, Tamara B. Harris
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Systemic chronic inflammation has been found to be related to all-cause mortality risk in older persons. We investigated whether specific chronic conditions, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD), affect the association between high interleukin (IL)-6 level and mortality in a sample of disabled older women.IL-6 serum level was measured at baseline in 620 women >/=65 years old. The presence and severity of medical conditions was ascertained by standard criteria that used multiple sources of information. The sample was surveyed over the 3-year follow-up. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with those in the lowest tertile, women in the highest IL-6 tertile were at higher risk of all-cause mortality. The presence of CVD, however, strongly affected the risk of mortality associated with high IL-6. Among women with prevalent CVD, those with high IL-6 levels had >4-fold risk of death (RR 4.6; 95% CI 2.0 to 10.5) compared with women in the lowest tertile, whereas the relative risk associated with high IL-6 among those without CVD was much lower and not significant (RR 1.8; 95% CI 0.7 to 4.2). Adjustment for all chronic diseases and disease severity measures, including ankle-brachial index, forced expiratory volume, and exercise tolerance, did not change the results.IL-6 level is helpful in identifying a subgroup of older CVD patients with high risk of death over a period of 3 years. Systemic inflammation, as measured by IL-6, may be related to the clinical evolution of older patients with CVD.
High-Density Lipoprotein Suppresses the Type I Interferon Response, a Family of Potent Antiviral Immunoregulators, in Macrophages Challenged With Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Masashi Suzuki, David K. Pritchard, Lev Becker, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Natsuko Tanimura, Theo K. Bammler, Richard P. Beyer, Roger Bumgarner, Tomas Vaisar, Maria C. de Beer, Frederick C. de Beer, Kensuke Miyake, John F. Oram, Jay W. Heinecke
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— High-density lipoprotein (HDL) protects the artery wall by removing cholesterol from lipid-laden macrophages. However, recent evidence suggests that HDL might also inhibit atherogenesis by combating inflammation. Methods and Results— To identify potential antiinflammatory mechanisms, we challenged macrophages with lipopolysaccharide, an inflammatory microbial ligand for Toll-like receptor 4. HDL inhibited the expression of 30 (277 of 911) of the genes normally induced by lipopolysaccharide, microarray analysis revealed. One of its major targets was the type I interferon response pathway, a family of potent viral immunoregulators controlled by Toll-like receptor 4 and the TRAM/TRIF signaling pathway. Unexpectedly, the ability of HDL to inhibit gene expression was independent of macrophage cholesterol stores. Immunofluorescent studies suggested that HDL promoted TRAM translocation to intracellular compartments, which impaired subsequent signaling by Toll-like receptor 4 and TRIF. To examine the potential in vivo relevance of the pathway, we used mice deficient in apolipoprotein A-I, the major protein of HDL. After infection with Salmonella typhimurium , a Gram-negative bacterium that expresses lipopolysaccharide, apolipoprotein A-I–deficient mice had 6-fold higher plasma levels of interferon-β, a key regulator of the type I interferon response, than did wild-type mice. Conclusions— HDL inhibits a subset of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage genes that regulate the type I interferon response, and its action is independent of sterol metabolism. These findings raise the possibility that regulation of macrophage genes by HDL might link innate immunity and cardioprotection.
Gallium Scintigraphy in Bone Infarction Correlation with Bone Imaging
Authors: RENATO R. ARMAS, STANLEY J. GOLDSMITH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

The appearance of gallium-67 images in bone infarction was studied in nine patients with sickle cell disease and correlated with the bone scan findings. Gallium uptake in acute infarction was decreased or absent with a variable bone scan uptake, and normal in healing infarcts, which showed increased uptake on bone scan. The significance of these findings is discussed.
The Profession's View
Authors: Dwight L. Wilbur
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The existence of a health manpower shortage was perceived initially as a faint echo. It did not create a din to galvanize medical educators, already preoccupied with lack of institutional funds and adequate facilities, and with problems in the recruitment of talented teachers; nor was the sound deafening to sorely pressed physicians, engulfed in a maelstrom of scientific and technical advances, refinements of specialization, and changing delivery patterns of health care. From these modest beginnings, the clamor for more manpower has grown more insistent in recent years, and has currently mounted to a roaring crescendo. Now the podiums reverberate with stentorian "pronouncements from savants and scientists, demagogues and dilettantes. The range of suggested therapy for this malady of the medical manpower reproductive system varies from a simple placebo to radical reconstructive surgery. <h3>The Problem</h3> Medical educators and the American Medical Association have been jointly blamed for the current health manpower
Effects of changes in calmodulin levels on cell proliferation.
Authors: C D Rasmusen, A R Means
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Calmodulin (CaM) is one of several proteins regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. CaM is synthesized at the G1/S boundary and has been implicated in the regulation of cell cycle progression. To elucidate the role of calmodulin in cell cycle control, clonal mouse C127 cell lines transformed with one of four different bovine papilloma virus (BPV)-based vectors were studied. These vectors express a) a chicken CaM gene regulated by its own promoter (CM cells), b) the chicken CaM gene regulated by the inducible human metallothionein-IIa promoter (MCM cells), c) CaM antisense RNA using the Zn2+ inducible mouse metallothionein-I (mMT-I) promoter (AS cells), or d) a rat parvalbumin gene using the chicken CaM promoter (PV cells). C127 cells transformed by BPV-1 alone (BPV cells) are used as a control in each case. Previous studies showed that a 4-fold increase in CaM levels in CM cells shortened the cell cycle by reducing the length of the G1 period. Expression of parvalbumin in PV cells has no effect on cell cycle length, suggesting that increased CAM, and not simply increased Ca2(+)-binding protein, accelerates proliferation. Zn2(+)-induced expression of the chicken CaM gene in MCM cells increased the rate of proliferation, while Zn2(+)-induced expression of high levels of CaM anti-sense RNA stops proliferation at Zn2+ levels that do not affect the growth of BPV cells. In CM cells increased CaM affects cell cycle-dependent level of mRNAs for tubulin, vimentin, and c-myc relative to the levels in BPV cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Transthoracic Electrical Impedance in High-altitude Hypoxia
Authors: R. M. Ellis
Journal: BMJ (1974)

to the disease factor, to tissue response, and to drug delivery at the target site.May I suggest that the problem is further complicated by that fourth dimension, time?By that I mean the time of administration in relation to the subject's biological rhythm.There is a definite variability in drug utilization according to the phase of the individual diurnal cycle.Plasma levels would therefore be even more helpful if they could be related to the patient's daily rhyth,m.-Iam, etc., KLAUS HEYMANN London W.llMore about D and V SIR,-Acute transient attacks of diarrhoea and vomiting are so common in general practice that it would be surprising if there were no precise figures for their incidence, and it is perhaps a little misleading to suggest (leading article, 5 October, p. 1) that information is lacking on this side of the Atlantic.The symptom complex is not always easy to define, but intestinal infectious disease, including food poisoning, dysentery, enteritis, and diarrhoea, has been notified weekly to the Birmingham Research Unit of the Royal College of General Practitioners since 1965.Data from 40 reporting practices are thus available for examination for seasonal and other trends.Further information on the incidence and prevalence of intestinal infections (I.C.D. 003-009) and acute vomiting and diarrhoea (I.C.D. 7841) is derived from routine analyses of diagnostic indexes maintained in research prac- tices throughout the country.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 9 and 11 in erythema multiforme: immunohistochemical comparison with Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: M. Caproni, D. Torchia, W. Volpi, A. Frezzolini, D. Schena, A. Marzano, P. Quaglino, C. De Simone, A. Parodi, P. Fabbri
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)
MEDICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING
Authors: LEO WADE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Letters and Comments1 June 1969MEDICAL EDUCATION AND TRAININGLEO WADE, M.D.LEO WADE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-6-1281 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: My congratulations and personal appreciation to you and Dr. Engstrom for your magnificent commentaries on the problems of present-day medicine (Ann. Intern. Med. 70: 621, 635, 1969).At the risk of being considered naive and even revolutionary, I wish to add another thought. The much-heralded accomplishment of this century of having converted medical education from an apprenticeship to postgraduate university training may well have been an overshooting of the mark.The so-called basic sciences are appropriate fields for education and research. They are legitimate subjects for incorporation into a university curriculum for both those who expect to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LEO WADE, M.D.Affiliations: 410 E. 68th St. New York, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1969Volume 70, Issue 6 Page: 1281-1282 Keywords Medical education ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Further Studies on Sperm-Agglutinating Antibody and Unexplained Infertility
Authors: Robert R. Franklin, C. Dean Dukes
Journal: JAMA (1964)

FOR THE past two years, we have been investigating the immunologic aspects of infertility. In a recent report<sup>1</sup>we reviewed the history of the problem and summarized our data on 89 patients, carefully categorized as to fertility status. A remarkable percentage of the patients without demonstrable organic cause for infertility possessed circulating antibodies capable of agglutinating human spermatozoa. The present report is an extension of our previous publication, summarizing the results obtained in 214 patients. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> All patients in this study were assigned to one of five categories strictly on the basis of history and clinical evaluation by one of us (RRF). <h3>Group A—Patients With No Demonstrable Organic Cause for Infertility.—</h3> Minimal criteria included two years without contraceptives, normal pelvic findings, Rubin test, hysterosalpingogram, endometrial biopsy, and pertinent blood studies on the patient, as well as a normal sperm count from the husband. In addition, most of
Limitations of Gold Standards for Diagnosing Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Mattijs E. Numans, Peter A. Bonis, Joseph Lau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters19 October 2004Limitations of Gold Standards for Diagnosing Gastroesophageal Reflux DiseaseMattijs E. Numans, MD, PhD, Peter A. Bonis, MD, and Joseph Lau, MDMattijs E. Numans, MD, PhDFrom University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 AB Utrecht, the Netherlands, and Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this author, Peter A. Bonis, MDFrom University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 AB Utrecht, the Netherlands, and Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this author, and Joseph Lau, MDFrom University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 AB Utrecht, the Netherlands, and Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-8-200410190-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Dr. Shojania that our meta-analysis can be reasonably interpreted as reflecting the limitations of the currently accepted reference tests for GERD, a point we made in the introduction and in the Methods and Discussion sections. Considerable uncertainty clearly surrounds the optimal definition and diagnosis of GERD (1). Our meta-analysis provided a detailed understanding of the relationship between these various tests and the PPI test. We were able to better define sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the PPI test for GERD while delineating factors that affect test accuracy.We disagree with the suggestion that our ...Reference1. Moayyedi P, Duffy J, Delaney B. New approaches to enhance the accuracy of the diagnosis of reflux disease. Gut. 2004;53 Suppl 4 iv55-7. [PMID: 15082616] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mattijs E. Numans, MD, PhD; Peter A. Bonis, MD; Joseph Lau, MDAffiliations: From University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 AB Utrecht, the Netherlands, and Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoShort-Term Treatment with Proton-Pump Inhibitors as a Test for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Mattijs E. Numans , Joseph Lau , Niek J. de Wit , and Peter A. Bonis Limitations of Gold Standards for Diagnosing Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Kaveh G. Shojania Metrics 19 October 2004Volume 141, Issue 8Page: 648-649KeywordsDrugsEndoscopyGastroesophageal reflux diseaseHeart diseasesPatientsProton pump inhibitorsSpecificityStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 19 October 2004 Issue Published: 19 October 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Example of intermediate care: the new Lambeth Community Care Centre.
Authors: R Higgs
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Pressure on the British health service in the past decade has led to many difficult decisions. In several areas small or peripheral hospitals have been closed to centralise secondary care and reduce expenditure. In 1976 the Lambeth Hospital was one of the first casualties of what has since become a national trend. Yet on 20 November 1985 the Prince and Princess of Wales will visit the site of the original hospital to celebrate the opening of a new small unit in south London that represents a step forward in health care appropriate to urban areas. In this environment there are many patients whose conditions need the skills of the medical or nursing generalist but who for lack of home care, community support, or adequate preventative measures end up on a specialist hospital ward not designed for their needs. For such patients this experience may be difficult and even dangerous, for their carers it is often frustrating and demotivating, and for the health service it is usually expensive and wasteful. Health care in the 1980s should provide a more appropriate and economic response, which at the same time enables the resources of the neighbouring hospital to be used more effectively. One answer to this, combining the innovative with the traditional, is the new Lambeth Community Care Centre. Intermediate care in the city
A NEW DELIVERY BED
Authors: George Gellhorn
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The delivery beds in common use in this country have one or more of the following distinct shortcomings: The legs of the patient in labor must be held by attendants. This is a drain on the nursing force, which is none too ample in any hospital, and seriously cripples the nursing service at night. Moreover, nurses who act as human leg holders are unable to watch the process of labor and thus miss at least one important part of their training. If the second and third stages are at all prolonged, the actual physical effort is not inconsiderable. Mechanical leg holders, on the other hand, are by no means satisfactory. Of the various types in use, the straight leg holder, in which the foot of the patient is secured in a vertical elevation, imposes a noticeable strain on the sacroiliac ligaments, leaves the patient with backache for some days after
British GP wins libel case against partners
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A British GP has accepted £50000 ($80000) damages for libel from his partners over suggestions in a press release that he was guilty of misconduct warranting his expulsion from the partnership.

Dr Barry Robinson's partners barred him from the Lyme practice in Lyme Regis, Dorset, when he returned from a Christmas holiday two years ago. …
Rearrangement Rate following the Whole-Genome Duplication in Teleosts
Authors: M. Semon, K. H. Wolfe
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

It is now clear that a whole-genome duplication (WGD) occurred at the base of the teleost fish lineage. Like the other anciently polyploid genomes investigated so far, teleost genomes now behave like diploids with chromosomes forming pairs at meiosis. The diploidization process is currently poorly understood. It is associated with many gene deletions, such that one of the duplicates is lost at most loci and has also been proposed to coincide with an increase in genomic instability. Here we ask whether WGD is a determinant of the genomic rearrangement rate in teleosts. We study variability of the rates of rearrangement along a vertebrate phylogenetic tree, composed of 3 tetrapods (human, chicken, and mouse) and 3 teleost fishes (zebrafish, Tetraodon, and Takifugu), whose complete genome sequences are available. We devise a simple parsimony method for counting rearrangements, which takes into account various methodological complications caused by the WGD and the subsequent gene losses. We show that there does appear to be an increase in rearrangement rate after WGD, but that there is also a great deal of additional variability in rearrangement rates across species.
TNF-mediated inflammation represses GATA1 and activates p38 MAP kinase in RPS19-deficient hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Elena Bibikova, Min-Young Youn, Nadia Danilova, Yukako Ono-Uruga, Yoan Konto-Ghiorghi, Rachel Ochoa, Anupama Narla, Bertil Glader, Shuo Lin, Kathleen M. Sakamoto
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 2296: IDH2 mutation induced histone and DNA hypermethylation is progressively reversed by small molecule inhibition
Authors: Andrew Kernytsky, Fang Wang, Erica Hansen, Stefanie Schalm, Kimberly Straley, Camelia Gliser, Hua Yang, Jeremy Travins, Stuart Murray, Marion Dorsch, Sam Agresta, David P. Schenkein, Scott A. Biller, Shinsan M. Su, Wei Liu, Katharine E. Yen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Mutations of IDH1 and IDH2 which produce the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), have been identified in several tumors including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recent studies have shown that expression of the IDH mutant enzymes results in high levels of 2HG and a block in cellular differentiation that can be reversed with IDH-mutant specific small molecule inhibitors. To further understand the role of IDH mutations in cancer, we conducted mechanistic studies in the TF-1 IDH2 R140Q erythroleukemia model system and found that IDH2 mutant expression caused both histone and genomic DNA methylation changes that can be reversed when IDH2 mutant activity is inhibited. Specifically, histone hypermethylation is rapidly reversed within days whereas reversal of DNA hypermethylation proceeds in a progressive manner over the course of weeks. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed several pathways involved in tumorigenesis of leukemia and lymphoma, indicating a selective modulation of relevant cancer genes by IDH mutations. As methylation of DNA and histones is closely linked to mRNA expression and differentiation, these results indicate that IDH2 mutant inhibition may function as a cancer therapy via histone and DNA demethylation at genes involved in differentiation and tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Andrew Kernytsky, Fang Wang, Erica Hansen, Stefanie Schalm, Kimberly Straley, Camelia Gliser, Hua Yang, Jeremy Travins, Stuart Murray, Marion Dorsch, Sam Agresta, David P. Schenkein, Scott A. Biller, Shinsan M. Su, Wei Liu, Katharine E. Yen. IDH2 mutation induced histone and DNA hypermethylation is progressively reversed by small molecule inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2296. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2296
c-MET/Phospho-MET Protein Expression and MET Gene Copy Number in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinomas
Authors: Koji Tsuta, Yoshiki Kozu, Takahiro Mimae, Akihiko Yoshida, Takashi Kohno, Ikuo Sekine, Tomohide Tamura, Hisao Asamura, Koh Furuta, Hitoshi Tsuda
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Circulating Antibodies to Bile Ductular Cells in Various Liver Diseases
Authors: Fiorenzo Paronetto, Fenton Schaffner, Raymond D. Mutter, Jared C. Kniffen, Hans Popper
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Sera were examined by immunofluorescence for circulating antibodies to cytoplasm of bile ductular cells in order to ascertain the role of these antibodies in progression or self-perpetuation of liver diseases. Cirrhotic livers were examined with positive sera to identify the nature of the antigen and the type of ductules to which the sera bind. Antiductular antibody was found most frequently in primary biliary cirrhosis (75%), viral hepatitis (67%), and postnecrotic cirrhosis (47%), and the incidence roughly reflected the extent and severity of the bile ductular reaction. The antigen is presumed to be a carbohydrate-protein complex occurring in larger ductular cells with basophilic cytoplasm surrounded by mesenchymal reaction.
Relationship of Cosmetic Disfigurement to the Severity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Burn Injury or Digital Amputation
Authors: Isao Fukunishi
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)

&lt;i&gt;Background: &lt;/i&gt;The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of physical factors including physical functioning and cosmesis to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in patients with burn injury and in patients with digital amputation. &lt;i&gt;Methods: &lt;/i&gt;Subjects were 56 patients with burn injury and 26 patients with digital amputation. In addition to assessments of physical factors, psychiatric interviews were administered to examine mental disorders including PTSD and major depression. &lt;i&gt;Results: &lt;/i&gt;The prevalence rates of PTSD and major depression were 33.9 and 7.1% in burn-injured patients and 18.5 and 7.4% in patients with digital amputation respectively. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that, regardless of the severity of burn injury such as percentage of total body surface burned, female victims with cosmetic disfigurement (i.e., facial burn) exhibited PTSD symptoms, in particular PTSD symptoms of avoidance and emotional numbing. For subjects with digital amputation, MANOVA indicated that, regardless of the degree of physical functioning after replantation, female victims with cosmetic disfigurement exhibited PTSD symptoms. &lt;i&gt;Discussion: &lt;/i&gt;These findings suggest that, in female victims with burn injury and/or digital amputation, the degree of cosmetic disfigurement is related to the manifestation of PTSD symptoms of avoidance and emotional numbing.