tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ethnic differences in anemia among patients with diabetes mellitus: The Diabetes Study of Northern California (DISTANCE)
Authors: Ameena T. Ahmed, Alan S. Go, E. Margaret Warton, Melissa M. Parker, Andrew J. Karter
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

To examine ethnic differences in hemoglobin testing practices and to test the hypothesis that ethnicity is an independent predictor of anemia among patients with diabetes mellitus. We conducted a panel study to assess the rate of hemoglobin testing during 1999-2001 and the period prevalence and incidence of anemia among 79,985 adults with diabetes mellitus receiving care within Kaiser Permanente of Northern California. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <13.0 g/dL in men or < 12.0 g/dL in women. Overall, 82.1% of the cohort was tested for anemia at least once during the 3-year study period. Mixed ethnicity patients were most likely to be tested, followed by whites, blacks, Latinos, and Asians (P < 0.0001). Fifteen percent of the cohort had prevalent anemia at baseline, and an additional 22% of those tested developed anemia during the study period. Anemia was more prevalent among blacks and mixed ethnicity persons compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Anemia was also more prevalent among those >/=70 years of age or with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). In multivariable models, blacks had higher and Asians had lower odds of prevalent anemia and hazard ratios of incident anemia compared with whites. Within a large, diverse cohort with diabetes, ethnicity was predictive of anemia, even after adjustment for age, level of kidney function, and other potential confounders. Blacks with diabetes are at increased risk of anemia relative to whites. These differences may account for some of the observed ethnic disparities in diabetes complications.
Abstract LB-174: MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) and epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) in Bevacizumab-treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Boye S. Nielsen, Flemming B. Sorensen, Anders Johnsson, Anders Jakobsen, Torben F. Hansen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The miR-126 gene is located within intron 7 of the EGFL7 encoding gene, and therefore miR-126 expression is dependent on the transcription of the EGFL7 gene. It has been suggested that transcription is regulated by the VEGFR pathway through Ets1 transcription factor, that miR-126 itself negatively regulates the VEGF-R signaling pathway, and that EGFL7 itself regulates Notch signaling. In cancer therapeutic settings, VEGF or VEGF-R directed therapies are thus likely to affect expression of EGFL7 and miR-126. In colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue, miR-126 and EGFL7 are highly expressed in endothelial cells. In studies of XELOX-treated patients, we have previously reported that the miR-126 expression level measured by quantitative in situ hybridization (qISH) is related to poor response (Hansen et al, BMC Cancer 2012, 12:83). Here, we have analyzed miR-126 and EGFL7 expression by qISH and quantitative immunohistochemistry (qIHC), respectively, in 158 patients from two different cohorts with mCRC after treatment with anti-VEGF therapy (Bevacizumab) in combination with chemotherapy. We found that the EGFL7 vessel area (VA) in primary tumors was closely related to treatment response with a median EGFL7 VA in responding patients of 4 (95% CI 4-6) compared to 8.5 (95% CI 7-11) in non-responders, p&amp;lt;0.001. This difference translated into a borderline significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS, p=0.06). Furthermore, a significant relationship between high EGFL7 VA and KRAS mutation was detected (p&amp;lt;0.05). The results showed no significant relationship between the miR-126 VA and the clinical endpoints. Our study suggests a predictive value of EGFL7 in regard to first-line chemotherapy and bevacizumab in patients with mCRC. The strong predictive value of miR-126 found in mCRC patients treated with chemotherapy only was absent, suggesting that the anti-VEGF directed therapy is likely to have affected a key role of miR-126 in regulating the VEGFR pathway. Citation Format: Boye S. Nielsen, Flemming B. Sorensen, Anders Johnsson, Anders Jakobsen, Torben F. Hansen. MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) and epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) in Bevacizumab-treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-174. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-174
Severe osteoarthritis of the hand associates with common variants within the ALDH1A2 gene and with rare variants at 1p31
Authors: Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Hafdis T Helgadottir, Nils Bomer, Sarah Metrustry, S Bierma-Zeinstra, Annelieke M Strijbosch, Evangelos Evangelou, Deborah Hart, Marian Beekman, Aslaug Jonasdottir, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Finnur F Eiriksson, Margret Thorsteinsdottir, Michael L Frigge, Augustine Kong, Sigurjon A Gudjonsson, Olafur T Magnusson, Gisli Masson, Albert Hofman, Nigel K Arden, Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, Stefan Lohmander, Margreet Kloppenburg, Fernando Rivadeneira, Rob G H H Nelissen, Tim Spector, Andre Uitterlinden, P Eline Slagboom, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Ana M Valdes, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Joyce van Meurs, Helgi Jonsson, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Estimation of body composition using different equations on a longitudinal physical training paradigm of experimentation on female sports persons of national level
Authors: Seema Kaushik, Dhananjoy Shaw
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Estimation of body composition has always been a point of interest for health science applications as well as research. But there are many prediction equations available and it becomes difficult to select for specific purpose(s) for the Indian population. Hence, the objectives of present investigation were: (1) to estimate the body composition of female volunteers using different equations; and (2) to study the effect of longitudinal physical training programme on female sports volunteers of national level of University of Delhi on selected body composition variables as estimated by using different equations. The sample size for the study was 78 having three groups of female (ie, experimental or progressive, constant load and control or no load group), each group having 26 samples (the mean age was 19.76 ± 0.69 years). Different equations used to compute the body density included Sloan, Durnin and Womersley, Weltman and Katch, Nagamine and Suzuk, Sloan and Weir and Jackson and Pollock, while both Siri and Brozek's formula were used to compute the fat percentage. The variables included lean body weight, body fat and percentage body fat. Standard landmarks and measurement protocols were followed to measure the selected variables as described by various authors. The mean and SD were computed to describe the data while analysis of covariance was applied to test the variability of covariance as the effect of experimentation (18 weeks of training) on selected groups (progressive load or intensive training, constant load or moderate training, no load or sedentary group); at different stages of testing that is, test-1 (at 0 weeks of training ie, pretest), test-2 (after 6 weeks of training), test-3 (after 12 weeks of training), test-4 (after 18 weeks or completion of training) as well as for intermittent stages of testing in a longitudinal experimental paradigm on selected variables of male. The paired t test comparison for mean difference was done as post-hoc analysis, where the F-ratio was found to be significant at 0.05 level. The level of significance chosen for testing the hypothesis was 0.05. The study concluded that a long term physical training paradigm of experimentation had a significant impact on body composition of female sports person of national level (students of University of Delhi), The estimation of body composition using different equations are comparable.
200 injuries caused by playground equipment.
Authors: C Illingworth, P Brennan, A Jay, F Al-Rawi, M Collick
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Two-hundred children with injuries caused by playground equipment were studied. Whereas only about 9% of the total casualty attendances are for fractures, 26-5% (53) of these children had fractures. The climbing frame and the slide seemed to be associated with more severe injuries than the swing or other equipment, but more cases need to be studied to confirm this. The youngest children were at particular risk on equipment such as the wooden rocking horse or roundabout, when the speed of operation could be controlled by older children. Many of the injuries to the very youngest children occurred when they were walking behind a moving swing. Faulty equipment did not seem to be a major factor in causing accidents, but the use by older children of apparatus designed for young ones led to accidents. There was supervision, either at home, in a school playground, or in a park, in 62% of the cases. Many of the accidents were the result of the normal desire of children for experimentation and adventure.
Acute dysfunction of Starr-Edwards mitral prostheses
Authors: J. Gunstensen
Journal: Thorax (1971)

Four cases of acute dysfunction of Starr-Edwards mitral prostheses are recorded. The patients presented with sudden dysponea 4 to 18 months after apparently successful mitral valve replacement. The prosthetic valve dysfunction was caused by thrombus on the bare metal cage of the prosthesis. No warning thromboembolic phenomena had been recorded. Urgent replacement of the valve resulted in the survival of one patient.
Report from the Viennese Project. Outcome Research in Psychotherapy
Authors: Marianne Ringler, Elisabeth Jandl-Jager
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1983)

In this report form the Viennese Project we have tried to describe the outcome of psychotherapy patients who were seen for an interview 5 years before the follow-up interview at our institute. In order to measure the change that took place we categorized the type of therapy contact the patients had. It can be shown that the patients in these groups vary in age, social status, diagnosis, etc. The institute also offers different types of treatment to these varying groups. The first aim of our study was to check our own system of patient care.
Clearance of circulating activated platelets in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Norma Maugeri, Simona Malato, Eti A. Femia, Mariateresa Pugliano, Lara Campana, Francesca Lunghi, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, Federico Lussana, GianMarco Podda, Marco Cattaneo, Fabio Ciceri, Angelo A. Manfredi
Journal: Blood (2011)
Hypersensitivity Associated With Ranitidine
Authors: Bijoy K. Khandheria
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The following case of hypersensitivity associated with ranitidine (Zantac) seems worthy of report. I am unaware of similar cases in the literature, and, except for rash, hypersensitivity is not mentioned in the Zantac prescribing information. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 40-year-old woman being treated for gastritis failed to respond to a regimen of antacids and diazepam. Ranitidine, 150 mg twice a day, was prescribed in place of the antacids. The first dose, taken at bedtime, was accompanied by light-headedness. Two hours after the second dose of ranitidine, taken the next morning, she experienced shortness of breath, wheezing, a generalized pruritic maculopapular eruption, and rhinorrhea. When seen at the emergency room of St Agnes Medical Center, Philadelphia, she had expiratory wheezes on auscultation and a generalized maculopapular eruption. There was marked injection of the conjunctivae. Her symptoms responded to parenteral and oral diphenhydramine. <h3>Comment.—</h3> The nature of the
Influence of mutation in human apolipoprotein A-1 gene promoter on plasma LDL cholesterol response to dietary fat
Authors: J. Lopez-Miranda, A. Espino, C. Marin, J. Salas, F. Lopez-Segura, J. Jimenez-Pereperez, F. Perez-Jimenez, J.M. Ordovas
Journal: The Lancet (1994)
Diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency I: Usefulness of serum methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine concentrations
Authors: Robert H. Allen, Sally P. Stabler, David G. Savage, John Lindenbaum
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract The serum cobalamin assay is the primary diagnostic test for cobalamin deficiency. It appears to be an excellent screening test since most patients with clinically confirmed cobalamin deficiency have low levels. Recent studies indicate that the clinical picture of cobalamin deficiency is much more diverse than previously believed. It is also apparent that many patients with low serum cobalamin concentrations are not cobalamin deficient. Thus, there is a need for additional diagnostic tests to further distinguish patients with low serum cobalamin levels who are actually cobalamin deficient and will benefit from lifetime treatment from those who are not deficient and will not benefit. Serum levels of methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine have been shown to be markedly elevated in most patients with cobalamin deficiency, and total homocysteine concentrations are markedly elevated in most patients with folate deficiency. The levels of these metabolites fall to normal if these patients are treated with the appropriate vitamin but remain essentially unchanged if the wrong vitamin is administered. These observations demonstrate that serum methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine levels are useful in diagnosing patients with cobalamin and folate deficiency and in distinguishing between these two vitamin deficiencies.
Replication of Marburg virus in human endothelial cells. A possible mechanism for the development of viral hemorrhagic disease.
Authors: H J Schnittler, F Mahner, D Drenckhahn, H D Klenk, H Feldmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Marburg and Ebola virus, members of the family Filoviridae, cause a severe hemorrhagic disease in humans and primates. The disease is characterized as a pantropic virus infection often resulting in a fulminating shock associated with hemorrhage, and death. All known histological and pathophysiological parameters of the disease are not sufficient to explain the devastating symptoms. Previous studies suggested a nonspecific destruction of the endothelium as a possible mechanism. Concerning the important regulatory functions of the endothelium (blood pressure, anti-thrombogenicity, homeostasis), we examined Marburg virus replication in primary cultures of human endothelial cells and organ cultures of human umbilical cord veins. We show here that Marburg virus replicates in endothelial cells almost as well as in monkey kidney cells commonly used for virus propagation. Our data support the concept that the destruction of endothelial cells resulting from Marburg virus replication is a possible mechanism responsible for the hemorrhagic disease and the shock syndrome typical of this infection.
Increased serum levels of fibrinogen degradation products due to treatment with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator for acute myocardial infarction are related to bleeding complications, but not to coronary patency
Authors: Alfred E.R. Arnold, Ronald W. Brower, Desire Collen, Gerrit-Anne van Es, Jacobus Lubsen, Patrick W. Serruys, Maarten L. Simoons, Marc Verstraete
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1989)
Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in cynomolgus monkeys. Quantitation of T cell responses in peripheral blood.
Authors: L Massacesi, N Joshi, D Lee-Parritz, A Rombos, N L Letvin, S L Hauser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Chronic relapsing-remitting experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in cynomolgus monkeys by a single immunization with a homogenate of human brain white matter (BH) in adjuvant. Proliferative T lymphocyte responses to BH, to myelin basic protein (MBP), but not to proteolipid protein, were detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of all animals and persisted until their death or, in surviving animals, for greater than 10 mo postimmunization. Responses of higher magnitude tended to be associated with fatal, compared with nonfatal, episodes of clinical EAE. The frequency of MBP-reactive T cells in PBMC of animals with acute EAE was quantitated with a soft agar colony system; the ratio of T cells that proliferated specifically to MBP was estimated at between 5 and 20 per 10(6) PBMC. A similar frequency of peptide-specific T cells was estimated from PBMC of monkeys immunized with a synthetic 14-mer peptide corresponding to a region near the carboxy terminus of MBP. Thus, autoantigen-reactive T cells can be detected in the circulation throughout the course of chronic EAE, are predictive of disease severity, and occur at a frequency similar to that estimated to be present in humans with multiple sclerosis.
Sildenafil treatment in COPD does not affect stroke volume or exercise capacity
Authors: H. Rietema, S. Holverda, H. J. Bogaard, J. T. Marcus, H. J. Smit, N. Westerhof, P. E. Postmus, A. Boonstra, A. Vonk-Noordegraaf
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, stroke volume response to exercise is impaired. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether 3 months of sildenafil treatment improves stroke volume and, if so, whether this improvement is related to the pulmonary artery pressure and translated into an improved exercise capacity. A total of 15 stable COPD patients (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage II–IV) underwent right heart catheterisation at rest and during exercise. Stroke volume was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at rest and during submaximal exercise in the supine position and compared with eight age-matched controls. Additionally, a cardiopulmonary exercise test and a 6-min walking distance test were performed. Exercise tests and MRI were repeated after 12 weeks of oral therapy with 50 mg sildenafil three times daily. Stroke volume in COPD patients was significantly lower than in healthy controls (62±12 versus 81±22 mL at rest and 70±15 versus 101±28 mL during exercise). Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was diagnosed in nine patients and was absent in six. Treatment with sildenafil had no effect on stroke volume or exercise capacity. Although the stroke volume was lower in COPD patients with associated PH in comparison with non-PH patients, there was no difference in treatment response between both groups. In the present group of 15 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, a reduced stroke volume was found at rest and during exercise. Neither stroke volume nor exercise capacity were improved by 3 months of sildenafil therapy.
Sickling Crisis Treated Successfully by Urea in Invert Sugar.
Authors: Robert M. Nalbandian
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Sickling Crisis Treated Successfully by Urea in Invert Sugar.Robert M. Nalbandian, M.D., Raymond L. Henry, Ph.D., Garth Shultz, M.D., Noyes L. Avery Jr., M.D.Robert M. Nalbandian, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Raymond L. Henry, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Garth Shultz, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Noyes L. Avery Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-827_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe use of urea in invert sugar for the treatment of sickling crisis has a molecular basis and is implicit in Murayama's recently modified hypothesis for the molecular mechanism of sickling in sickling hemoglobin. Murayama implicates the formation of specified, pathologic hydrophobic bondsbetweeninteracting tetramers as necessary for the sickling. Hydrophobic bonds are now recognized to be primarily responsible for the tertiary structure of protein molecules in aqueous systems. Urea, long known to attack hydrogen bonds, has recently been shown to break hydrophobic bonds as well. We have successfully used urea in invert sugar as a chemical agent both... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Grand Rapids, Detroit, and Kalamazoo, Mich. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEffects of Urea and Cyanate on Sickling in Vitro 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 827-827KeywordsHemoglobinProtein structureUrea Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Fortnightly Review: Diagnosis and treatment of nasal polyps
Authors: V. J Lund
Journal: BMJ (1995)

#### Summary points

Nasal polyps have been a medically recognised condition since the time of the ancient Egyptians and their removal with a snare was described by Hippocrates, a method which persisted well into the second half of the 20th century.1 Interestingly, only man and the chimpanzee are affected by this condition.

No single predisposing disease can be implicated in the formation of polyps, though they may be associated with several other diseases (table), notably non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma and aspirin intolerance or sensitivity. No evidence exists, however, for an allergic origin.2 In allergic rhinitis the prevalence of symptomatic nasal polyps is low (1.5%), similar to that in the normal population (1%). Since the advent of nasal endoscopy, however, any area of mucosal content may be associated with localised oedema or “polypoid” change, particularly in the middle meatus (fig 1).3 It is not known whether this change is the progenitor of gross polyposis (fig 2) and, if so, what factors determine progression of the disease process. Nasal polyps seem to be far more common than previous clinical studies have shown. Larsen et al reported that, with careful endoscopic examination of cadavers, a quarter of individuals had polyps originating in the sinus ostia or recesses of the lateral nasal wall without a history of sinonasal disease.4

View this table:



FIG 1 
Endoscopic photograph showing localised area of polypoid change where mucosa of middle turbinate touches lateral wall in left nasal cavity





Fig 2 
Endoscopic photograph showing more extensive polyposis in the right middle meatus between middle turbinate and lateral wall



Polyps do not …
Case 7-1980
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Werner D. Chasin, Max L. Goodman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Presentation of CaseA 19-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of an aural polyp.Three months previously the patient noticed pain and a sensation of blockage in the left ear, with diminished hearing. A physician prescribed penicillin, followed by erythromycin, without benefit. Two months later otitis externa with a question of an abscess of the ear canal was diagnosed in the clinic. Eardrops containing polymyxin B, neomycin, and hydrocortisone were prescribed. Ten days later he returned to the clinic because of persistence of pain and hearing loss. Examination revealed that the anterior wall of the left external auditory . . .