tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Classification criteria for Sjögren's syndrome: we actually need to definitively resolve the long debate on the issue
Authors: Claudio Vitali, Hendrika Bootsma, Simon J Bowman, Thomas Dorner, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, Xavier Mariette, Manuel Ramos-Casals, Philippe Ravaud, Raphaele Seror, Elke Theander, Athanasios G Tzioufas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

A new approach for the classification of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) has been recently proposed. Although these new criteria substantially differ from the American European Consensus Group criteria, which have represented the gold standard for the last decade, when compared with each other the two sets show a high statistical degree of agreement. However, the fact that two different criteria to classify patient with SS could be available may introduce some additional difficulties in the scientific communication, making cohorts of patients selected by using different methods less than completely equivalent, and the results of epidemiological studies and therapeutic trials not entirely comparable. Consequently, to reach a consensus agreement on universally accepted classification criteria for SS seems to be a very desirable objective.
Weekly INR self-testing did not reduce stroke, major bleeding, or death more than monthly clinic testing
Authors: Daniel M. Witt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club18 January 2011Weekly INR self-testing did not reduce stroke, major bleeding, or death more than monthly clinic testingDaniel M. Witt, PharmD, FCCP, BCPS, CACPDaniel M. Witt, PharmD, FCCP, BCPS, CACPKaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA (D.M.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-2-201101180-02004 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMatchar DB, Jacobson A, Dolor R, et al. Effect of home testing of international normalized ratio on clinical events. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:1608-20. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20961244Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: Hematology: References1 Garcia-Alamino JM, Ward AM, Alonso-Coello P, et al. Self-monitoring and self-management of oral anticoagulation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(4):CD003839. [PMID: 20393937] Google Scholar2 Cundiff DK. Clinical evidence for rebound hypercoagulability after discontinuing oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism. Medscape J Med. 2008;10:258. [PMID: 19099008] Google Scholar3 Rodger MA, Kahn SR, Wells PS, et al. Identifying unprovoked thromboembolism patients at low risk for recurrence who can discontinue anticoagulant therapy. CMAJ. 2008;179:417-26. [PMID: 18725614] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA (D.M.W.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 January 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoReview: Positive D-dimer results predict recurrence after first unprovoked VTE regardless of test timing or cutpoint, or patient age Daniel M. Witt Metrics 18 January 2011Volume 154, Issue 2Page: JC1-4KeywordsAnticoagulantsHemorrhageObesityPatientsQuality of lifeStroke ePublished: 18 January 2011 Issue Published: 18 January 2011 CopyrightCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Favorable Prognosis of Brain Metastases in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: LEONARD GIANNONE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Brain metastases are found at diagnosis in 10% of patients with small cell lung cancer. To clarify the effect of central nervous system metastases on prognosis, the records of 429 patients with small cell lung cancer were reviewed. Forty-three patients (10%) presented with brain metastases. In 18 patients the brain was the only site of metastatic disease, whereas the remaining 25 patients had at least one additional metastatic site. Forty-one of forty-three patients were treated with combination chemotherapy and cranial radiotherapy. Systemic response rates were similar for both groups. Twenty-seven patients underwent repeat central nervous system staging: 19 (70%) had a complete response, 4 (15%) a partial response, and 4 (15%) no response. Median survival of patients with only one site of metastatic disease was 11 months; patients with additional sites lived 5 months (p = 0.153). Survival in patients with only one site is similar to that in patients with limited disease (11 compared with 13 months; p = 0.074).
Indian childhood cirrhosis presenting in Britain with orcein-positive deposits in liver and kidney.
Authors: M S Tanner, B Portmann, A P Mowat, R Williams
Journal: BMJ (1978)

This report illustrates the utmost importance of reliable laboratory data for a specific diagnosis in a patient with decreased consciousness.It was later established that the negative result of the initial deter- mination of methanol in blood was due to a laboratory error.
Comparison of Diabetes Diagnostic Categories in the U.S. Population According to 1997 American Diabetes Association and 1980–1985 World Health Organization Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: Maureen I Harris, Richard C Eastman, Catherine C Cowie, Katherine M Flegal, Mark S Eberhardt
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

To compare the 1997 American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the 1980-1985 World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria in categorization of the diabetes diagnostic status of adults in the U.S.Analyses are based on a probability sample of the U.S. population age 40-74 years in the 1988-1994 Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). People with diabetes diagnosed before the survey were identified by questionnaire. For 2,844 people without diagnosed diabetes, fasting plasma glucose was obtained after an overnight 9 to < 24-h fast, HbA1c was measured, and a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was administered.Prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in this age-group is 7.9%. Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes is 4.4% by ADA criteria and 6.4% by WHO criteria. The net change of -2.0% occurs because 1.0% are classified as having undiagnosed diabetes by ADA criteria but have impaired or normal glucose tolerance by WHO criteria, and 3.0% are classified as having impaired fasting glucose or normal fasting glucose by ADA criteria but have undiagnosed diabetes by WHO criteria. Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose is 10.1% (ADA), compared with 15.6% for impaired glucose tolerance (WHO). For those with undiagnosed diabetes by ADA criteria, 62.1% are above the normal range for HbA1c compared with 47.1% by WHO criteria. Mean HbA1c is 7.07% for undiagnosed diabetes by ADA criteria and 6.58% by WHO criteria.The number of people with undiagnosed diabetes by ADA criteria is lower than that by WHO criteria. However, those individuals classified by ADA criteria are more hyperglycemic, with higher HbA1c values and a greater proportion of values above the normal range. This fact, together with the simplicity of obtaining a fasting plasma glucose value, may result in the detection of a greater proportion of people with undiagnosed diabetes in clinical practice using the new ADA diagnostic criteria.
Nepal's War and Conflict-Sensitive Development
Authors: Sonal Singh
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

The study by Planche et al. [1] provides important new information addressing intracellular volume depletion in children with severe childhood malaria, but does not address the question of whether intravascular volume depletion (hypovolemic shock) is present.Using sophisticated methodology to determine total body water and extracellular water, they demonstrate a 6.7% defi cit in total body water and an 11.7% defi cit of intracellular water, providing an important indication of the volumes of fl uid that may be required to optimize hydration.The data, however, do not address the degree of fi lling of the intravascular compartment, nor should they be used to answer the question about the state of tissue and organ perfusion.Indeed, we believe that these new data present no confl ict with our previously reported fi ndings.Using methods to study critical illness physiology that are widely employed within pediatric intensive care units for interpretation of circulatory status, we have demonstrated evidence for hypovolemia in 53 Kenyan children with severe malaria complicated by metabolic acidosis [2].Our children were younger, had longer capillary refi lling times (>3 s), lower central venous pressures (mean 2.9 cm H 2 O) and higher creatinines (>80 µmol/l): all features of compensated hypovolemic shock.Furthermore, hypotension (systolic BP < 80 mm Hg) was present in 44% of children with severe acidosis (base defi cit >15).These fi ndings also indicate important baseline differences in two cohorts of children studied.We agree that reconsideration of guidelines for acute fl uid management is warranted, particularly when current recommendations await an adequate evidence base.Nevertheless, confl icting opinions on the question of volume status in children with severe malaria can be satisfactorily resolved only through prospective randomized trials that include both fl uid resuscitation and control groups.While the design and conduct of such trials will involve considerable challenges, optimal fl uid management will never be resolved on the basis of theoretical consideration alone.
Ultrastructure of articular cartilage in experimental immobilization.
Authors: S Roy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

Hall, 1963;Crelin and Southwick, 1964;Roy, 1970). Varying degrees of degeneration and necrosis, occurring mostly in the areas that come in contact with the opposing cartilage, have been observed.The fine changes occurring in the early stages of immobilization can be appreciated only by ultramicroscopical examination, which also helps to determine changes in the cell organelles in the later stages.The effects C. { of immobilization in the areas that remain free from contact with the opposing cartilage are also better appreciated by electron microscopy.Material and methods A series of 22 1-year-old male rabbits was used in this experiment.The right knee joint of each animal was immobilized in plaster of Paris in a position midway between flexion and extension.The hip and ankle joints on the same side were also included in the plaster to ensure full immobilization of the knee joint.The left knees served as controls.FIG. 1 Normal chondrocyte, showing cytoplasmic processes (C), micropinocytotic vesicles (V), rough endoplasmic reticulum (R), mitochondria (T), Golgi apparatus (G), lipid droplet (L), and nucleus (N).x 32,000.
Is TIPS really superior to endoscopic therapy in the prevention of rebleeding from gastric varices?
Authors: L. Spahr, M. Maffei, A. Hadengue
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

We read with interest the paper by Lo et al. that compared transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) with endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for the prevention of rebleeding from gastric varices [1]. The authors randomized 72 patients with cirrhosis admitted to a single center for acute gastric variceal bleeding to receive either TIPS or repeated sessions of cyanoacrylate glue injection until obliteration of gastric varices was considered endoscopically to be complete. During the 36-month follow-up, they reported a higher rebleeding rate in the endoscopic treatment group than in the TIPS group (38 % vs. 11 %, P = 0.014), but no differences in survival or complications. As expected, episodes of hepatic encephalopathy were more frequent in patients from the TIPS group than in patients receiving endoscopic treatment [2]. The authors concluded that TIPS could be the treatment of choice to prevent rebleeding from gastric varices in patients with cirrhosis.
Correction: Wide Complex Tachycardia
Authors: G. V. REDDY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1986Correction: Wide Complex TachycardiaG. V. REDDY, M.D.G. V. REDDY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-4-635_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the June issue, Dr. Wellens (1) succinctly describes the various steps to be followed when evaluating a patient with wide QRS tachycardia. In Step 4 of Table 1 in that editorial, he states that "If [the QRS configuration is] left bundle branch block shaped, an R wave during tachycardia that is smaller than the R wave during sinus rhythm on V1or V2suggests ventricular tachycardia ....'' This is, in fact, contrary to what he stated in an earlier article (2). We think the R-wave amplitude on V1or V2during ventricular tachycardia with left bundle....References1. WELLENS H. The wide QRS tachycardia [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:879. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WELLENS H. The electrocardiogram 80 years after Einthoven. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986;7:484-91. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. WELLENS H. The wide QRS tachycardia [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:879. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1986Volume 105, Issue 4Page: 635-635KeywordsLeft bundle branch blockTachycardiaVentricular tachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Can the Education of the Physician Be Made More Rational?
Authors: Robert H. Ebert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

IF one puts aside tradition and reexamines the education of the physician objectively, two striking facts emerge. In the first place, there is no recognizable rationale for the sequence in which the basic biologic sciences are taught; secondly, the granting of the M.D. degree no longer has any particular meaning in terms of the clinical competence of the graduate to practice medicine. In other words, the medical-school experience spans a quite arbitrary period in the education of the physician, beginning as it does in the middle of one's education in science and ending about one third of the way through . . .
Charting the map of life.
Authors: C W Schmidt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Scientists expect that mapping the human genome will lead to a host of innovations in biology and research. For example, it may become possible to use DNA microarrays to accurately diagnose cancer and infectious disease subtypes and to predict clinical outcomes. Scientists might also use the genome to look at the interactions of the environment, genetic makeup, and toxic exposures, including the ability of certain beneficial genes to detoxify the body and resist disease. But despite the great potential of the field of genomics, scientists caution that public expectations need to be tempered by reality. People are as much a product of their environment as they are of their genes, say experts, and to suggest that genetics is the sole determinant that defines humans as individuals stretches the science beyond the current data.
Genome-wide association study in individuals of South Asian ancestry identifies six new type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci
Authors: Jaspal S Kooner, Danish Saleheen, Xueling Sim, Joban Sehmi, Weihua Zhang, Philippe Frossard, Latonya F Been, Kee-Seng Chia, Antigone S Dimas, Neelam Hassanali, Tazeen Jafar, Jeremy B M Jowett, Xinzhong Li, Venkatesan Radha, Simon D Rees, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Robin Young, Tin Aung, Abdul Basit, Manickam Chidambaram, Debashish Das, Elin Grundberg, Åsa K Hedman, Zafar I Hydrie, Muhammed Islam, Chiea-Chuen Khor, Sudhir Kowlessur, Malene M Kristensen, Samuel Liju, Wei-Yen Lim, David R Matthews, Jianjun Liu, Andrew P Morris, Alexandra C Nica, Janani M Pinidiyapathirage, Inga Prokopenko, Asif Rasheed, Maria Samuel, Nabi Shah, A Samad Shera, Kerrin S Small, Chen Suo, Ananda R Wickremasinghe, Tien Yin Wong, Mingyu Yang, Fan Zhang, Goncalo R Abecasis, Anthony H Barnett, Mark Caulfield, Panos Deloukas, Timothy M Frayling, Philippe Froguel, Norihiro Kato, Prasad Katulanda, M Ann Kelly, Junbin Liang, Viswanathan Mohan, Dharambir K Sanghera, James Scott, Mark Seielstad, Paul Z Zimmet, Paul Elliott, Yik Ying Teo, Mark I McCarthy, John Danesh, E Shyong Tai, John C Chambers
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Surgery for melanoma is often delayed in Medicare patients, study finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A fifth of US patients with melanoma being treated under the Medicare program wait more than 1.5 months before having the malignancy removed, and more than 8% wait longer than three months, a new study has found.

The researchers wrote that although no association between timeliness of melanoma excision and survival had been established, delay of excision had been shown to increase morbidity and mortality in patients with various malignant neoplasms, including cancers of the lung, bladder, and breast, and “informal recommendations suggest as customary care that melanomas undergo excision within 4 to 6 weeks of diagnostic biopsy.”

In the study, Jason Lott of Yale University School of Medicine …
Panton-Valentine leucocidin associated Staphylococcus aureus infections
Authors: J. Etienne, O. Dumitrescu
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Early diagnosis and treatment, and screening of close contacts are essential

Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) is a cytotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus that lyses leucocytes by creating pores on the cell surface. PVL was first detected in meticillin susceptible S aureus (MSSA) and then later in meticillin resistant S aureus (MRSA). Awareness of diseases related to PVL has increased since the worldwide emergence of these community acquired MRSA strains. In the United States, PVL positive MRSA has been associated with outbreaks of skin and soft tissue infection and sporadic life threatening diseases.1 2 In contrast, in Europe, especially in the United Kingdom, PVL positive S aureus strains are more commonly meticillin susceptible.3 4 Therefore, in the US, Switzerland, and Canada national guidelines for managing PVL positive S aureus disease are recommended for MRSA infections and in the UK for both MRSA and MSSA infections.

Regardless of meticillin resistance, PVL positive S aureus cause either recurrent spontaneous skin infections or rare severe illnesses, such …
GALECTIN-2 EXPRESSION IS DEPENDENT ON THE 3279C&gt;T POLYMORPHISM AND IS ASSOCIATED WITH ARTERIOGENESIS IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Anja M. Van Der Laan, Stephan Schirmer, Oscar Volger, Margreet de Vries, Jasper de Koning, Joost Fledderus, Josefien Baggen, Reina Mebius, Tineke van der Pouw-Kraan, Paul Quax, Jan Piek, Anton Horrevoets, Niels van Royen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
1068. Plasmid DNA Sequences Present in Conventional HSV Amplicon Vectors Cause and Rapid Transgene Silencing by Inactive Chromatin Formation
Authors: Masataka Suzuki, Kazue Kasai, Yoshinaga Saeki
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The HSV-based amplicon vector, a bacteria-virus-mammalian cell shuttle system, holds promise as a versatile gene delivery vehicle because of its large transgene capacity. However, amplicon-mediated transgene expression is often transient. We hypothesized that the presence of prokaryotic DNA sequences within the packaged vector genome can trigger transcriptional silencing of the entire vector sequence. To test this, we constructed a novel amplicon vector devoid of bacterial sequences (minicircle amplicon). Although the same dose of the minicircle (MC) amplicon vector in normal human fibroblasts resulted in expression of luciferase approximately 20 times higher than that produced by the conventional amplicon vector, no significant difference was observed in copy numbers of luciferase DNA between MC amplicon- and control-transduced cells. Quantitative analyses of levels of luciferase mRNA revealed that differential expression of luciferase was controlled at the transcriptional level. Chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR analyses of several regions of vector genomes revealed that the bacterial sequences found in the conventional amplicon DNA were associated with an inactive form of chromatin immediately after infection. The presence of bacterial sequences also affected the remaining vector sequences in the conventional amplicon vector. Similar results were obtained with nondividing normal human astrocytes in culture, precluding the possibility that this phenomenon is fibroblast specific. Finally, nude mice injected with MC amplicon exhibited higher and more sustained expression of luciferase than those injected with conventional amplicon, confirming the usefulness of the MC amplicon devoid of bacterial sequences. These findings are a significant first step towards developing a novel herpes simplex virus (HSV) amplicon vector that can achieve enhanced long-term transgene expression.
Helicobacter pylori Exploits Host Membrane Phosphatidylserine for Delivery, Localization, and Pathophysiological Action of the CagA Oncoprotein
Authors: Naoko Murata-Kamiya, Kenji Kikuchi, Takeru Hayashi, Hideaki Higashi, Masanori Hatakeyama
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2010)
In vitro effect on human leukemic K562 cells of co-administration of liposome-associated retinoids and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C)
Authors: R. Cortesi, V. Gui, R. Gambari, C. Nastruzzi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

The administration of retinoids has been demonstrated to be of potential utility in the therapy of a wide spectrum of neoplastic pathologies due to the ability to induce differentiation in a large variety of primary tumor cells as well as in vitro cultured cell lines.Moreover, a number of compounds, including hemin, cytosine arabinoside, and 5-azacytidine are able to induce erythroid differentiation of the erythroleukemic cell line K562.In this paper we determined whether a combined treatment of K562 cells with suboptimal concentrations of cytosine arabinoside and retinoids containing liposomes lead to a full expression of differentiated functions.Liposomes were prepared by reverse phase evaporation technique followed by extrusion through polycarbonate filters.Cell growth kinetics studies and intracellular detection of hemoglobin by benzidine staining were performed.The results obtained showed that the combined treatment with liposomes containing retinoids and sub-optimal concentration of ara-C is an effective strategy to induce K562 cell differentiation, minimizing at the same time toxic effects.Control experiments aimed to determine possible selection of subpopulations of K562 cells suggest that the observed results are not related to toxicity and/or potential selection of induced cells.In conclusion, liposomally delivered retinoids could be proposed for differentiation therapy as an effective strategy in the treatment and management of malignancy.In addition, the finding that liposomally delivered retinoids increase the capacity of cytosine arabinoside to induce erythroid differentiation, could be of interest in studies aimed at the development of treatment able to reactivate fetal globin genes in ␤-thalassemia patients.