tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our older perceptions notwithstanding, coronary atherosclerosis, coronary thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and acute chest pain are not an indissoluble quartet. The tie between a clot in an atherosclerotic coronary artery and an infarction of the myocardium has been loosened by the observed occasional occurrence of the latter in the absence of the former. Nor is myocardial infarction invariably associated with pain. Silent infarcts, although hardly the rule, are not all that rare.  Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy appear to have more than their share of myocardial infarcts that are neither painful nor associated with coronary atherosclerosis. In a retrospective study, Maron and associates 1 examined hospital records of seven patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who had postmortem evidence of past transmural myocardial infarction without appreciable atherosclerosis of the extramural coronary arteries. None of the patients had typical angina, and in only one was the myocardial infarction evident clinically. Six of these patients—none of them
Emerging areas of research reported during the CDC National Conference on Pfiesteria: from biology to public health.
Authors: C Rubin, M A McGeehin, A K Holmes, L Backer, G Burreson, M C Earley, D Griffith, R Levine, W Litaker, J Mei, L Naeher, L Needham, E Noga, M Poli, H S Rogers
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Since its identification in 1996, the marine dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder has been the focus of intense scientific inquiry in disciplines ranging from estuarine ecology to epidemiology and from molecular biology to public health. Despite these research efforts, the extent of human exposure and the degree of human illness directly associated with Pfiesteria is still in the process of being defined. Unfortunately, during this same time Pfiesteria has also stimulated media coverage that in some instances jumped ahead of the science to conclude that Pfiesteria presents a widespread threat to human health. Political and economic forces also came into play when the tourism and seafood industries were adversely impacted by rumors of toxin-laden water in estuaries along the east coast of the United States. Amid this climate of evolving science and public concern, Pfiesteria has emerged as a highly controversial public health issue. In October 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sponsored the National Conference on Pfiesteria: From Biology to Public Health to bring together Pfiesteria researchers from many disparate disciplines. The goal of this meeting was to describe the state of the science and identify directions for future research. In preparation for the conference an expert peer-review panel was commissioned to review the existing literature and identify research gaps; the summary of their review is published in this monograph. During the meeting primary Pfiesteria researchers presented previously unpublished results. The majority of those presentations are included as peer-reviewed articles in this monograph. The discussion portion of the conference focused upon researcher-identified research gaps. This article details the discussion segments of the conference and makes reference to the presentations as it describes emerging areas of Pfiesteria research.
Use of the Pneumatic Antishock Garment
Authors: Robert J. Wilder
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The MEDICAL NEWS section contained a report entitled "One Caution in Pneumatic Antishock Garment Use" (1982;247:1112). We have doubts about the conclusion and recommendations of this report. A forensic pathologist is reported as indicating that an antishock garment application may have caused a massive fatal postpartum air embolism in a woman with placenta accreta. The woman delivered at home and began hemorrhaging after the birth of a normal-term baby. The husband started cardiopulmonary resuscitation and later called emergency medical technicians, who arrived about an hour after the birth. Seven minutes after her vital signs were no longer detectable, while en route to the hospital, the emergency medical technicians applied the pneumatic antishock garment to the patient. She was eventually pronounced dead at the receiving hospital. At autopsy, the pathologist determined the mechanism of death to be a massive air embolus. He theorized that the air embolus entered
Construction of Clinical Algorithms-Reply
Authors: Carmi Z. Margolis
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I am a bit puzzled by the letter of Dr Burt et al, which begins by disavowing affection for clinical algorithms but goes on to describe work that may greatly assist clinical algorithm construction. Until now, writers of all sorts of algorithms have been plagued by the graphics problem of frequently having to redraw an entire algorithm to make a minor correction. Burt et al seemed to tell us that by making algorithm construction user-friendly they have not only solved the graphics problem, but have also enabled clinicians to construct algorithms via the computer without drawing at all. Unfortunately, they provide no references for this potentially useful innovation. I must admit that I am almost as tantalized by their reasons for "not fully sharing my enthusiasm for clinical algorithms" as I am impressed by their constructive suggestion on algorithm construction. I would hope that at some point they
Exposure to atmospheric radon.
Authors: D J Steck, R W Field, C F Lynch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

We measured radon (222Rn) concentrations in Iowa and Minnesota and found that unusually high annual average radon concentrations occur outdoors in portions of central North America. In some areas, outdoor concentrations exceed the national average indoor radon concentration. The general spatial patterns of outdoor radon and indoor radon are similar to the spatial distribution of radon progeny in the soil. Outdoor radon exposure in this region can be a substantial fraction of an individual's total radon exposure and is highly variable across the population. Estimated lifetime effective dose equivalents for the women participants in a radon-related lung cancer study varied by a factor of two at the median dose, 8 mSv, and ranged up to 60 mSv (6 rem). Failure to include these doses can reduce the statistical power of epidemiologic studies that examine the lung cancer risk associated with residential radon exposure.
Anesthesia on an Other Than Empty Stomach
Authors: Clifford Gevirtz
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Meyer,<sup>1</sup>in his response to the question of mandatory "NPO" status for elective ambulatory surgery, expresses a humane and sensitive approach to this vexing problem. However, I was disappointed that he did not address the use of metoclopramide,<sup>2(p438)</sup>of nonparticulate antacids,<sup>2(p435)</sup>or of histamine<sub>2</sub>-receptor antagonists<sup>3</sup>in those ambulatory patients who have committed the minor transgression of stimulating gastric secretion by consumption of small amounts of clear liquids or chewing gum and candy. I would add to his suggested strategies that some combination<sup>4</sup>of the above agents might lessen the physical risk for these specific patients, as well as the medicolegal risk for the anesthesiologists. I would also caution against taking comfort in documenting the fact that the patient is accepting a slightly increased risk. The legal standard of maintenance of NPO status is firmly entrenched and even the most
Echocardiographic identification of cardiac amyloidosis patients capable of undergoing intensive treatment with intravenous melphalan therapy
Authors: L.A. Mendes, J.R. Reisinger, S.W. Dubrey, R. Comenzo, E. Vosburgh, V. Sanchorawala, M. LaValley, M. Skinner, R.H. Falk
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Early and late stimulation of ob mRNA expression in meal-fed and overfed rats.
Authors: R B Harris, T G Ramsay, S R Smith, R C Bruch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

ob protein is hypothesized to be a circulating feedback signal in the regulation of energy balance. Obese, overfed rats have high levels of ob mRNA expression and suppressed voluntary food intake, indicating the presence of a potent satiety factor. The objectives of this experiment were to determine whether feeding rats their normal daily intake in three meals, compared with ad libitum feeding, increased ob mRNA expression and to determine the degree of obesity required to stimulate expression of ob mRNA. Rats were fed ad libitum, were tube-fed their normal intake in three meals a day, or were tube-fed twice normal intake, ob mRNA was measured by Northern blot analysis after 0, 2, 7, 14, 21, and 32 d of tube-feeding. After only 2 d ob mRNA was threefold higher in tube-fed animals than in ad libitum controls. By day 21 there was a further increase in ob mRNA expression in overfed rats which were at 130% control weight. These results suggest that a metabolic consequence of meal-feeding increases ob mRNA expression in the absence of increased food intake or weight gain. There is a further increase in ob mRNA expression once significant obesity is established.
subclinical Eating Disorders and Glycemic Control in Adolescents with Type I Diabetes
Authors: Rena R Wing, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Marsha D Marcus, Randi Koeske, David Finegold
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

Several recent case reports have shown that anorexia nervosa and bulimia negatively affect glycemic control in diabetic patients. However, there have been no systematic studies to assess the prevalence of clinical or subclinical eating disorders among diabetic patients or to determine the impact of such disturbances on glycemic control. This study reports a survey of 202 adolescents, aged 12–18 yr, seen in the Diabetes Clinic, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, who were asked to complete the Binge Eating Scale (BES) and the EAT-26 questionnaire. Responses of diabetic patients to the EAT-26 questionnaire were compared with those of a nondiabetic control group and were related to measures of glycemic control. Diabetic subjects scored higher on the total EAT-26 than nondiabetic control subjects, ordinarily indicative of more eating pathology. However, diabetic subjects scored higher only on the dieting subscale of this questionnaire, probably reflecting adherence to the diabetes dietary regimen. Subjects with diabetes scored lower, or did not differ significantly, from nondiabetic control subjects on measures of oral control and bulimia. Among diabetic subjects, self-reported bulimic behaviors were related to poorer glycemic control. Patients with the highest scores on the BES had an average HbA1 of 13.1% compared with 11.8% for age- and sex-matched patients at the 50th percentile, and 10.8% for patients in the lowest 10th percentile. Further studies are needed to determine whether modification of these eating behaviors would improve glycemic control.
EFFECT OF SEROTONIN ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND LACK OF EFFECT OF ANTIMETABOLITE
Authors: Tom D. Spies
Journal: JAMA (1952)

For several years we have determined the blood pressure of patients with nutritive failure when they entered the nutrition clinic of the Hillman Hospital. We have found great variation in the blood pressure readings, ranging from systolic pressures of around 70 to pressures that cannot be read on an ordinary sphygmomanometer. In general, persons with severe nutritive failure tend to have a systolic and diastolic blood pressure below average, and, when the nutritive failure is corrected and they begin to lead a more energetic life, the blood pressure tends to increase. 1   In 1868 Ludwig and Schmidt 2 described a vasoconstricting agent that occurs in the serums of mammals, and it occurred to us that this agent, or some such substance, might be affected by nutritive failure and thus account for the decrease in blood pressure readings of certain of our patients. This thought led us to ask ourselves: Could
Target antigens of transmission-blocking immunity on gametes of plasmodium falciparum.
Authors: J Rener, P M Graves, R Carter, J L Williams, T R Burkot
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

Three proteins of apparent molecular weights on reducing SDS-PAGE of 255, 59, and 53 kilodaltons have been identified as the targets on gametes of P. falciparum malaria of two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that act synergistically to block transmission of the parasites to mosquitoes.
Evolution of the Large Secreted Gel-Forming Mucins
Authors: Jean-Luc Desseyn, Jean-Pierre Aubert, Nicole Porchet, Anne Laine
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2000)

Mucins, the major component of mucus, contain tandemly repeated sequences that differ from one mucin to another. Considerable advances have been made in recent years in our knowledge of mucin genes. The availability of the complete genomic and cDNA sequences of MUC5B, one of the four human mucin genes clustered on chromosome 11, provides an exemplary model for studying the molecular evolution of large mucins. The emerging picture is one of expansion of mucin genes by gene duplications, followed by internal repeat expansion that strictly preserves frameshift. Computational and phylogenetic analyses have permitted the proposal of an evolutionary history of the four human mucin genes located on chromosome 11 from an ancestor gene common to the human von Willebrand factor gene and the suggestion of a model for the evolution of the repeat coding portion of the MUC5B gene from a hypothetical ancestral minigene. The characterization of MUC5B, a member of the large secreted gel-forming mucin family, offers a new model for the comparative study of the structure-function relationship within this important family.
A DOUBLE BLIND, RANDOMIZED, MULTICENTER, PARALLEL GROUP, PLACEBO CONTROL TRIAL TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF STATIN THERAPY ON TRIGLYCERIDES LEVELS IN MEXICAN HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIC PATIENTS
Authors: Juan O. Talavera, Jose-Luis Cervantes, Javier A. Marin, Ignacio Briones, Jose-Gerardo Gonzalez, Gustavo Martinez, Ana C. Polanco
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Effects of Blood Flow and Left Atrial Pressure on Pulmonary Venous Resistance
Authors: Kizuku Kuramoto, Simon Rodbard
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

Pulmonary venular pressure was measured in 11 thoracotomized dogs and in 8 isolated lung lobes by introducing a small catheter (O.D. 0.6 or 0.9 mm.) as far as possible retrograde into the pulmonary veins. In thoracotomized dogs, insufflated with a maximal air pressure of 6 mm. Hg, the mean pulmonary arterial, venular, and left atrial pressures averaged 18.4, 9.1, and 4.2 mm. Hg, respectively. An almost linear relationship was found between venular pressure and pulmonary blood flow, except in the low flow ranges; venular pressures exceeded left atrial pressure by one-fourth to one-half of the gradient from pulmonary artery to left atrium. The calculated pulmonary venous resistance decreased with increased blood flow. The fall in pulmonary vascular resistance resulting from elevation of the left atrial pressure was shown to reside primarily in the venous system, especially when left atrial pressure was low; arterial and capillary resistance also fell, but to a lesser extent. Pulmonary venular pressure is higher than left atrial pressure by a factor which varies with blood flow. The effect of such mechanical forces on the venous resistance is discussed.
Acute Complications Associated With Insulin Infusion Pump Therapy
Authors: Robert S. Mecklenburg
Journal: JAMA (1984)

We determined the frequency of acute complications associated with insulin pump therapy in 161 insulin-dependent patients followed up for a total of 2,978 patient-months. Diabetes control improved substantively with pump therapy, but 42% of the patients experienced one or more acute complications while using insulin pumps. Infected infusion sites, ketoacidosis, and hypoglycemic coma occurred once in every 27, 78, and 175 patient-months, respectively. More patients experienced ketoacidosis after the onset of pump therapy than in an equivalent interval immediately before the onset of pump therapy. Ketoacidosis also occurred in more patients using pump therapy than in a comparison group of 165 patients receiving conventional insulin injections surveyed during an equivalent period. The frequency of hypoglycemic coma was not significantly changed by pump therapy.
Meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the hospital
Authors: J. Kluytmans, M. Struelens
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the hospital Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Postoperative hypoglycaemia in small children.
Authors: S Ware, J P Osborne
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Six of 57 children under 4 years old became hypoglycaemic during postoperative recovery from various surgical procedures. Fluids either by mouth or intravenously did not always prevent this. Children at risk could not be predicted on the basis of age or weight-for-age. Small children should be fed as soon as practicable after operations, preferably with milk.
Androgen Therapy in Patients with and Without Kidneys Undergoing Hemodialysis.
Authors: Walter Fried
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Androgen Therapy in Patients with and Without Kidneys Undergoing Hemodialysis.Walter Fried, M.D., Olga M. Jonasson, M.D., Gordon R. Lang, M.D., Franklin D. Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Walter Fried, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Olga M. Jonasson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Gordon R. Lang, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Franklin D. Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-823_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAndrogens increase renal but not extrarenal erythropoietin production in mice. They also increase erythropoiesis in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study compares the effects of androgens on erythropoiesis and erythropoietin levels in anephric patients and those with kidneys. Twelve male patients undergoing hemodialysis were studied; six had kidneys and six were anephric. AU were observed for 2 months before, 3 months during, and 2 months after androgen therapy (testosterone propionate, 150 mg intramuscularly, twice weekly). Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and plasma erythropoietin titers were determined once a week. Erythropoietin was assayed in polycythemic mice. All six anephric patients had pretherapy hematocrits... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Walter Fried, M.D.; Olga M. Jonasson, M.D.; Gordon R. Lang, M.D.; Franklin D. Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEffect of reversible androgen deprivation on hemoglobin and serum immunoreactive erythropoietin in menHematologic aspects of renal insufficiencyAndrogen therapy for anemia in renal failure 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 823-823KeywordsAndrogensBlood plasmaErythropoiesisErythropoietinHematocritHemoglobinKidneysPropionatesTestosterone ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Triggered activity as a mechanism for inherited ventricular arrhythmias in German shepherd dogs
Authors: Robert F. Gilmour, Sydney Moïse
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)

Objectives.This study sought to determine whether early after-depolarization-induced triggered activity is responsible for the initiation of ventricular arrythmias in dogs with an inherited predisposition to sudden death. Background.We have identified a colony of German shephered dogs that display inherited ventricular ectopic activity and sudden cardiac death. The arrhythmias in these animals are pause dependent but are not associated with a prolonged QT interval, suggesting that they might be initiated by early afterdepolarization-induced triggered activity in Purkinje fibers. Methods.Cardiac Purkinje fibers obtained from dogs that either did or did not exhibit ventricular tachyarrhythmias at the time of study were superfused in vitro with normal. Tyrode solution (extracellular potassium ion concentration 4 mmol/liter) and were studied using standard microelectrode techniques. Results.Early afterdepolarizations and triggered activity occurred spontaneously in Purkinje fibers obtained from affected dogs (n = 7) but not in fibers obtained from unaffected dogs (n = 13). Exit conduction block of triggered responses occurred to varying degrees within the Purkinje fiber but not at the Purkinje-muscle junction. Overdrive pacing suppressed triggered activity. The reemergence of triggered activity after cessation of pacing was both time and rate dependent. Triggered activity in fibers obtained from affected dogs was potentiated by phenylephrine and epinephrine and was suppressed by isoproterenol. Triggered activity was not induced by phenylephrine or epinephrine in fibers obtained from unaffected dogs. Conclusions.These results support the hypothesis that early afterdepolarization-induced triggered activity in Purkinje fibers is responsible for the initiation of ventricular arrhythmias in this canine model of inherited sudden death.
Abstract P3-01-04: Surgical management of mammographic microcalcification is improved by full field digital mammography (FFDM)
Authors: SM Bundred, J Zhou, E Hurley, M Wilson, J Morris, NJ Bundred
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Preoperative diagnosis of impalpable breast lesions correlates closely with the number of surgical procedures required for treatment. Correct diagnosis of mammographic microcalcification as DCIS or invasive cancer is important because lesions upgraded to malignant diagnosis at surgery require repeat surgical procedures in 44% of cases (BASO Audit 2011). Methods: To determine the impact of FFDM (FFDM only since April 2010) on diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and surgical management of MM. Screening and symptomatic women with mammographic microcalcification (n = 1125) in one visit were reviewed. Demographic information; pre and post operative diagnosis and number of surgical procedures were recorded for pre FFDM (8/ 2007 to 3/2010: n=710) and post FFDM (4/2010 to 5/2011: n=413). Results: Overall 299 (106 invasive) and 144 (62 invasive) malignant lesions were diagnosed before and after FFDM introduction. Reduction in PPV of biopsy for mammographic microcalcification was observed (SFM PPV 42.6%: FFDM PPV 34.6% (p &amp;lt; 0.01)). Upgrade of B3/4 lesions reduced (SFM 50% (21/42) vs. FFDM 21.7% (5/23): p &amp;lt; 0.05) and pre-operative diagnosis of DCIS improved (88.6% vs. 94%) using digital mammography. Correct histological pre-operative diagnosis permitted a single therapeutic operation for 76.7%, compared to 66% of mammographic microcalcification where pre-operative diagnosis was inaccurate (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Re-excision rates for DCIS lesions &amp;gt;20mm fell from 34.1% (60/176) to 21.1% (19/90) with FFDM (p &amp;lt;0.05). Conclusions: Correct pre-operative diagnosis of mammographic microcalcification using FFDM has reduced second therapeutic procedures for mammographic microcalcification, decreased upgrade of B3/4 lesions at diagnostic surgery, but increased benign non-operative biopsies for mammographic microcalcification. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-04.