tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regulatory B‐cell compartment in transfused alloimmunized and non‐alloimmunized patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Weili Bao, Hui Zhong, Deepa Manwani, Ljiljana Vasovic, Joan Uehlinger, Margaret T. Lee, Sujit Sheth, Patricia Shi, Karina Yazdanbakhsh
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Transfusion therapy is a life-sustaining treatment for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), but can cause serious complications including alloimmunization. We previously reported diminished regulatory T cells (Tregs) and skewed Th2 responses in alloimmunized SCD patients. We hypothesized that the B cell regulatory (Breg) compartment, which controls Treg and Th differentiation, may also be compromised in allosensitized SCD patients. Phenotypically, we did not find differences in the frequency or numbers of CD24(hi) CD38(hi) and CD24(hi) CD27(+) B cell subsets, both previously identified as human Bregs, between alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized SCD patients on regular transfusions. However, at the functional level, CD19+ B cells from alloimmunized SCD patients expressed lower levels of IL-10 following stimulation as compared with non-alloimmunized patients (P < 0.05), and had reduced ability in inhibiting autologous CD14+ monocyte TNF-α expression (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that Bregs from alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized SCD patients differ in their ability to produce IL-10 and dampen monocyte activation, all consistent with an altered immunoregulatory state in alloimmunized SCD patients.
A peptidomimetic antagonist of the alpha(v)beta3 integrin inhibits bone resorption in vitro and prevents osteoporosis in vivo.
Authors: V W Engleman, G A Nickols, F P Ross, M A Horton, D W Griggs, S L Settle, P G Ruminski, S L Teitelbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Osteoclastic bone degradation requires intimacy between the matrix and the resorptive cell. While the precise role the integrin alpha(v)beta3 plays in the process is not yet understood, occupancy of the heterodimer by soluble ligand or by blocking antibody effectively inhibits bone resorption in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that alpha(v)beta3 blockade may prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis. Thus, we identified a synthetic chemical peptide mimetic, beta-[2-[[5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-1-oxopentyl]amino]-1-+ ++oxoethyl]amino-3-pyridinepropanoic acid, bistrifluoroacetate (SC56631) based upon the alpha(v)beta3 ligand, Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), which recognizes the isolated integrin, and its relative, alpha(v)beta5, as effectively as does the natural peptide. The mimetic dampens osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. Most importantly, intravenous administration of the mimetic prevents the 55% loss of trabecular bone sustained by rats within 6 wk of oophorectomy. Histological examination of bones taken from SC56631-treated, oophorectomized animals also demonstrates the compound's bone sparing properties and its capacity to decrease osteoclast number. Thus, an RGD mimetic prevents the rapid bone loss that accompanies estrogen withdrawal.
693 INTERIM ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIAL COMPARING THYMOSIN ALPHA-1 PLUS PEGYLATED INTERFERON ALPHA-2A COMBINATION THERAPY WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON ÁLPHA-2A MONOTHERAPY IN HBEAG-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: W. Kim, J.H. Yoon, Y.J. Lee, S.J. Park, B.H. Kim, J.H. Lee, J.I. Yang, S.J. Myung, D.H. Kim, Y.J. Kim, H.S. Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Energy Dosage for Human Trans-Chest Electrical Ventricular Defibrillation
Authors: W. A. Tacker, Frank M. Galioto, Emilio Giuliani, Leslie A. Geddes, Dan G. McNamara
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

NO published data have defined the electrical dose for countershock in human subjects, pediatric or adult. Animal studies completed in our laboratories have demonstrated an electrical energy-to-bod...
Ultrasonographic and MRI characterisation of the palindromic phase of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Serena Bugatti, Roberto Caporali, Antonio Manzo, Garifallia Sakellariou, Silvia Rossi, Carlomaurizio Montecucco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Palindromic rheumatism (PR) is an episodic arthropathy characterised by recurrent attacks of short-lasting articular and periarticular inflammation without residual joint involvement. Although definite knowledge on the disease entity of PR is lacking, the clinical and immunological similarities and the frequent progression to chronic arthritis may suggest a pathogenic relationship with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).1 2 In particular, anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive PR has been regarded as a prodromic phase of RA.3 Compared with autoantibody-positive arthralgia, a well-established model of preclinical RA,4 ACPA-positive PR shows a clearly detectable articular phase and might thus represent a very early self-remitting stage of the disease.

Typical attacks of PR may escape definite joint effusion at clinical examination, in spite of considerable periarticular and para-articular swelling, pain and loss of function.1 More accurate identification of the anatomical targets of PR might expand our knowledge on the mechanisms of disease initiation in very early RA before its full-blown clinical stage. We have undertaken a study to characterise the imaging correlates of acute arthritis in ACPA-positive PR.

Inclusion criteria were: (1) fulfilment of the diagnostic criteria for PR1; (2) an …
Myocardial Infarction After General Anesthesia
Authors: Sait Tarhan
Journal: JAMA (1972)

During 1967 and 1968, a total of 32,877 patients had general anesthesia at the Mayo Clinic; 422 had previous myocardial infarction. Of these 6.6% experienced another infarction during the first postoperative week. There was no relationship between incidence of postoperative reinfarction and type or duration of anesthesia. However, operations on the thorax and upper abdomen were followed by three times as many reinfarctions as operations at other sites. Patients who were operated on within three months of infarction had a 37% reinfarction rate. This rate decreased to 16% in patients at three to six months after infarction, and remained at 4% to 5% when infarction had occurred more than six months previously. A significantly higher number of myocardial infarctions occurred during the third postoperative day.
Abstract 4583: A blocking antibody to HB-EGF inhibits the growth of tumor xenograft
Authors: Naoki Kimura, Kenji Taniguchi, Yuichi Hirata
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), a member of the EGF family of growth factors, is widely expressed in many human cancers compared with normal tissues. HB-EGF is initially produced as a membrane-anchored form (pro-HB-EGF) and later processed to a soluble form (s-HB-EGF), which exert its biological activity through activation of EGFR and EGFR4. A key role of HB-EGF in the acquisition of malignant phenotypes has been well documented, such as tumorigenicity, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of an anti-HB-EGF mAb for cancer therapy by generating a potent blocking monoclonal antibody, HC-15. The HC-15 mAb recognized both forms of HB-EGF, pro- and s-HB-EGF. HC-15 efficiently blocked the binding of HB-EGF to EGFR-Fc in the ELISA. Furthermore, HC-15 substantially inhibited the HB-EGF-dependent proliferation of the EGFR expressing Ba/F3 transfectant lines. To investigate the potential of HC-15 for cancer therapy, the in vivo antitumor activity of HC-15 was tested. Significant growth inhibition by treatment of HC-15 (10mg/kg once a week) was observed in established human tumor models, such as ovarian cancer (MCAS), pancreatic cancer (BXPC-3), and breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) in athymic nude mice. Thus, we conclude that the anti-HB-EGF mAb HC-15 has strong anti-tumor activity in various models, supporting the inhibition of HB-EGF functions by mAb is useful in cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4583. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4583
Integration of Scaffolds into Full‐Thickness Skin Wounds: The Connexin Response
Authors: Daniel J. Gilmartin, Maia M. Alexaline, Chris Thrasivoulou, Anthony R. J. Phillips, Suwan N. Jayasinghe, David L. Becker
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Scaffolds have been reported to promote healing of hard-to-heal wounds such as burns and chronic ulcers. However, there has been little investigation into the cell biology of wound edge tissues in response to the scaffolds. Here, we assess the impact of collagen scaffolds on mouse full-thickness wound re-epithelialisation during the first 5 days of healing. We find that scaffolds impede wound re-epithelialisation, inducing a bulbous thickening of the wound edge epidermis as opposed to the thin tongue of migratory keratinocytes seen in normal wound healing. Scaffolds also increase the inflammatory response and the numbers of neutrophils in and around the wound. These effects were also produced by scaffolds made of alginate in the form of fibers and microspheres, but not as an alginate hydrogel. In addition, we find the gap junction protein connexin 43, which normally down-regulates at the wound edge during re-epithelialisation, to be up-regulated in the bulbous epidermal wound edge. Incorporation of connexin 43 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides into the scaffold can be performed to reduce inflammation whilst promoting scaffold biocompatibility.
Glycemic Relapse After an Intensive Outpatient Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Tom A. Elasy, Alan L. Graber, Kathleen Wolff, Anne Brown, Ayumi Shintani
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

The effectiveness of interventions that reduce hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes (1,2) is limited by the tendency for glycemic relapse after the intervention ends. We sought to characterize the occurrence of glycemic relapse after initial improvement and to describe predictors of relapse.

Glycemic relapse was evaluated in 265 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes who participated in a 3-month intensive outpatient intervention and were followed at least 1 year after completion of the intervention. Details of the intervention have been previously described (3). All had HbA1c …
The Lung as a Metabolic Organ
Authors: Irvine H. Page, David F. Bohr, Donald S. Fredrickson, Eugene Braunwald, Morton I. Grossman, Alfred P. Fishman, Robert F. Rushmer, Sami I. Said
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

RECENTLY, increasing attention has been called to an area of respiratory physiology that has hitherto received only sporadic or cursory examination — namely, the lung as an organ of metabolism. Already, several important physiologic facts have emerged, and there is promise of greater yield in the future.As an illustration of the importance of these metabolic lung functions in human disease, we may consider the effects of occlusion of a branch of the pulmonary artery, such as those after pulmonary embolism. This common clinical problem often presents varied manifestations. Relatively few of these (for example, arterial hypoxemia or increase in . . .
Long-term follow-up of mothers who received high doses of stilboestrol and ethisterone in pregnancy.
Authors: M A Vance, W R Millington
Journal: BMJ (1980)

have been shown so far.Given all this, why not vaccinate and try to vaccinate well ?The Health Council of Sweden has just recommended general vaccination with triple measles-mumps-rubella vaccine at the age of 18 months, as well as vaccination with triple vaccine of 12-year-old boys and girls.Belgium is expected to recommend shortly routine vaccination against measles and mumps at the age of 15 months, and vaccination of older children who have not had the vaccine or the disease.The Federal Republic of Germany (since 1976) and Canada have also joined the United States in recommending routine mumps vaccination of young children.
A CASE OF HODGKIN'S DISEASE TREATED WITH BENZENE
Authors: G. B. Lawson
Journal: JAMA (1913)

tortuosity of the artery and the dilatation and thickening of the wall extended into the inferior vena cava, while the right common iliac vein appeared normal.Prom the condition of the vena cava, its dilatation and thickening, it is reasonable to suppose that the pressure within >t liad been increased over a long period of time and the findings in the heart, especially on the right side, may well nave been due to the distal arteriovenous communication.With a pelvis so crowded by the enormously dilated vessels 't is indeed surprising that the patient gave no history of disturbances of urination or defecation.That the pressure liad exerted some effect was evidenced by the fact that both ureters were dilated to about twice their normal size, and that tho renal pelves were moderately dilated.Some inter- ference with the lymphatic drainage of the left leg had occurred, for tho thigh was edeniatous and the lymphatics a>id lymph-nodes in the left groin were considerably enlarged.
Malignant Lymphoma with Intracytoplasmic IgM Crystalline Inclusions
Authors: Ralph Mennemeyer, Samuel P. Hammar, William J. Cathey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

INTRACYTOPLASMIC crystalline inclusions occurring in circulating lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and in the neoplastic cells of plasma-cell tumors have been the subject of several case reports 1 2 3 4; in all, electron microscopy and immunofluorescent studies have demonstrated the inclusions to be located within the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and to represent synthesized but unreleased immunoglobulin.In the case of malignant lymphoma reported below, intracellular crystalline IgM inclusions were demonstrated in cells identified by conventional means as lymphocytes and "histiocytes." This finding merits discussion in the light of current knowledge about immunoglobulin biosynthesis by the cells of malignant "lymphoreticular" . . .
Effects of clonidine on diuretic response in ascitic patients with cirrhosis and activation of sympathetic nervous system
Authors: Anne Lenaerts, Thierry Codden, Jean‐Claude Meunier, Jean‐Pol Henry, Gaston Ligny
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

The effects of the addition of clonidine to diuretics on the mobilization of ascites in the short term (diuretic response and requirement of diuretics) and the long term (readmissions for tense ascites and requirement of diuretics) were examined in patients with cirrhosis and with increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity. We also studied neurohormonal, hemodynamic effects and side effects of clonidine and diuretics. Patients were randomized to receive placebo (group1, n = 32) or clonidine (0.075 mg) twice daily (group 2, n = 32) for 3 months. After 8 days and for 10 days duration, spironolactone (200 mg/day) was added in both groups. After this period, the dosages of diuretics were individually increased until diuretic response. Responding patients were discharged and followed at the outpatient clinic. During the first hospitalization, the time needed for diuretic response was shorter in group 2 than in group 1. The mean requirement for diuretics was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2, and the diuretic complications (hyperkalemia and renal impairment) were significantly lower in group 2. Clonidine induced a permanent decrease in SNS activity and delayed decrease in renin/aldosterone levels. During the follow-up, the time to the first readmission for tense ascites was shorter in group 1 than in group 2. Readmissions related to tense ascites or diuretic complications were significantly lower in group 2. The mean requirement for diuretics was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. In conclusion, the additional administration of clonidine to diuretics induced an earlier diuretic response associated with fewer diuretic requirements and complications. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;44:844–849.)
29. Effect of AAV6-Mediated TIMP-2 Overexpression in a Murine Model of Heart Failure
Authors: Satsuki Mori, Xiaodong Zhu, Gregory Gibson, Benjamin Burkhead, Charles F. McTiernan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Top of pageAbstract
Heart failure (HF) and dilation are associated with increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which are involved in the turnover of a broad spectrum of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. MMP activity is regulated not only by gene expression and processing of proenzyme, but also by the four Tissue Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Increased MMP activities and decreased TIMP expression may underlie cardiac remodeling during heart failure. To test the hypothesis that remodeling can be limited by altering the ratio of TIMPs to MMPs, we have employed adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) as the vector to deliver murine TIMP-2 gene to a heart failure model, TNF 1.6. TNF1.6 (Tg) mice develop a well-characterized and progressive heart failure resulting from cardiac-specific transgenic overexpression of tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa). By 12 week of age, TNF 1.6 mice display significantly decreased systolic function and increased dilation, among which the males (M) develop a more severe heart failure than the females (F). AAV6-TIMP-2 (1|[times]|1012 viral genome) were administrated by tail vein injection into 12-week old TNF 1.6 mice (MTg, n=7; FTg, n=5), with uninjected TNF 1.6 mice as the controls. At 18 weeks old, mice were analyzed by echocardiography to determine LVDD and systolic function, and hearts were harvested to analyze TIMP-1 and -2 and MMP-3 and -9 expression. All injected mice showed significantly elevated cardiac TIMP-2 expression (about ten fold increase) and decreased MMP-3 and -9 expressions (about 50%), compared with the uninjected controls. Male mice showed no change in TIMP-1 expression while the female mice showed a significant decrease (injected, 76.8+/|[minus]|25.3; control, 148.9+/-31 pg/mg, p<0.002). Male mice also showed no change in cardiac function while their female counterparts showed a trend towards improvement in % Fraction Shortening (injected, 39.2+/|[minus]|3; control, 35.5+/|[minus]|3.4, p<0.09) and a significant reduction in dilation (injected, 3.22+/|[minus]|0.14; control, 3.59+/|[minus]|0.2 mm, p<0.02). The results of this on-going research demonstrated that AAV-6-mediated TIMP-2 gene delivery increases cardiac TIMP-2 expression which may limit cardiac dilation and partially normalize MMP3 and MMP9 expression levels in a murine transgenic model of moderate heart failure.
SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH REPAIRED CHD-PAH IN THE MODERN MANAGEMENT ERA
Authors: Ming-Li Sun, Chun-Yan Cheng, Dan-Chen Wu, Rui Zhang, Xin Zhang, Xi-Qi Xu, Kai Sun, Qin-Hua Zhao, Xiao-Jian Wang, Rong Jiang, Lu Zheng, Qian-QIan Liu, Zhi-Cheng Jing
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Thallium-201 SPECT in the Evaluation of Early Effects on Brain Tumors Treated With Stereotactic Irradiation
Authors: Noriaki Tomura, Jun-ichi Izumi, Akira Anbai, Satoshi Takahashi, Ikuo Sakuma, Koichi Omachi, Hiroyuki Kidani, Kazuhumi Sasaki, Jiro Watarai, Akira Suzuki, Kazuo Mizoi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

To determine whether thallium-201 SPECT can predict response to stereotactic irradiation (STI) earlier than magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the change in tumor size measured by MRI was compared with the change in tumor activity measured by Tl-201 SPECT before and after STI.Twenty-one tumors in 16 patients with intracranial tumors were treated by STI. Tl-201 SPECT was performed within 1 week before the beginning of STI and within 1 week after the end of STI in all patients. All patients underwent MRI within 1 week before the beginning of STI, and 14 patients (19 tumors) underwent MRI within 1 week after the end of STI. Follow-up MRI was performed 1 to 2 months after the end of STI in 14 patients (16 tumors). The activity of Tl-201 in the tumor divided by that of the uninvolved symmetric area was defined as the Tl-index. The change in tumor size immediately and 1 to 2 months after STI was compared with the change in Tl-index immediately after STI.No significant relationship between the ratio of tumor size immediately after STI and the ratio of Tl-index immediately after STI was found. A significant correlation (r = 0.69, P <0.05) between the ratio of tumor size 1 to 2 months after STI and the ratio of Tl-index immediately after STI was found.This study suggests that Tl-201 SPECT immediately after STI can predict treatment response 1 to 2 months after STI, and that Tl-201 SPECT can be an early indicator of treatment response.
REMARKS INTRODUCTORY TO A DISCUSSION ON ACUTE DIFFUSE PERITONITIS,Given before the New York State Medical Association, Oct. 28, 1891.
Authors: ALFRED L. CARROLL
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Question 1. What does the normal histology of the peritoneum teach us of its physiological purpose? The first question in our programme might have been not inaptly preceded by the inquiry, what is a "serous membrane?" and simple as the query sounds, there would be diversity of opinion in the answers to it; for neither in embryological origin, in apparent physiological use, nor in reaction to morbid processes, is there correspondence between all the textures which are grouped under this generic title. The epiblastic ocular chambers and aural labyrinths still hold their places in our text books, notwithstanding that the normal purpose of their contained fluids is rather to maintain separation of surfaces than to relieve friction. So, too, the single-layered, non-vascular arachnoid bears a very doubtful relationship to the thoracic and abdominal membranes in either its histology or its normal or morbid behavior. And when we find an instructor
The use of agarose microwells for scalable embryoid body formation and cardiac differentiation of human and murine pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Julia Dahlmann, George Kensah, Henning Kempf, David Skvorc, Anke Gawol, David A. Elliott, Gerald Dräger, Robert Zweigerdt, Ulrich Martin, Ina Gruh
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Pentosan polysulphate prolongs survival in CJD, study indicates
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

An experimental treatment for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) may prolong life but does not seem to halt progressive deterioration of the brain, a study of seven British patients who took the drug has found.

Pentosan polysulphate, widely prescribed in pill form around the world for urological conditions, is infused directly into the brain of patients with CJD.

Ian Bone, a Glasgow neurologist, did the study on behalf of the Medical Research Council. Of the seven patients, three had variant CJD (vCJD, contracted from bovine spongiform encephalopathy); two had iatrogenic prion disease from growth hormone; and two had the hereditary form of CJD. All were …