tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metabolic and cardiovascular risk profiles and hepatitis C virus infection in rural Egypt
Authors: D Marzouk, J Sass, I Bakr, M El Hosseiny, M Abdel-Hamid, C Rekacewicz, N Chaturvedi, M K Mohamed, A Fontanet
Journal: Gut (2006)

<b>Background and aim:</b> To investigate the relationship between lipid profiles and diabetes with past and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among village residents of Egypt. <b>Patients and methods:</b> Fasting lipids and glucose profiles were compared among adults never infected with HCV (negative HCV antibodies), infected in the past (positive HCV antibodies and negative HCV RNA) and chronically infected (positive HCV antibodies and HCV RNA). <b>Results:</b> Of the 765 participants, 456 (59.6%) were female, and median age was 40 (range 25–88) years. Chronic HCV infection was present in 113 (14.8%) and past infection in 67 (8.8%). After adjustment for age and sex, participants with chronic HCV infection had lower plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared with those never infected (age and sex adjusted differences (95% CI) were −19.0 (−26.3 to −11.7) mg/dl and −26.2 (−39.0 to −13.3) mg/dl, respectively). In contrast, participants with cleared HCV infection had higher triglyceride levels compared with those never infected (age and sex adjusted difference (95% CI) was +16.0 (0.03 to 31.9) mg/dl). In multivariate analysis, participants with chronic HCV infection were more likely to have diabetes (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.19 to 7.81) compared with those never infected, independent of LDL cholesterol levels. <b>Conclusion:</b> In conclusion, this community based study has shown that in a single population, chronic HCV infection is associated with glucose intolerance and, despite that, a favourable lipid pattern. An intriguing finding was the high triglyceride levels observed among participants with past infection, suggesting that elevated triglycerides at the time of acute infection may facilitate viral clearance.
Abstract 5347: Disruption of PDZ protein-protein interactions inhibits Tax transformation and HTLV-1 infection capacities
Authors: Jean-Claude Twizere, Jean-François Dewulf, Sebastien Legros, Mathieu Boxus, Pascale Zimmermann, Naoaki Fujii, Richard Kettmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Approximately 15 to 25 million people worldwide are infected with human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) or type 2 (HTLV-2). One of the viral regulatory proteins, Tax, is critical for viral transcription and replication and has been clearly implicated in T-lymphocyte transformation in vitro and oncogenesis in vivo. Elucidation of the metabolic processes involved in Tax activity is thus of prime importance for understanding the pathogenesis induce by HTLV. Interactions between Tax and a selected group of PDZ containing proteins are associated with the transforming activities of Tax1 as well as persistent HTLV-1 infection. We demonstrate that the PDZ-containing protein syntenin-1 and −2, known to interact with Heparan sulfate proteoglycan receptor syndecan-1 and to connect cytoskeletal proteins, interact with HTLV-1 Tax and with the HTLV-1 receptor GLUT-1 but not with HTLV-2 Tax. Both PDZ1 and 2 domains of syntenins are required for Tax binding. We also show that syntenin-2 co-localizes with Tax in nuclear speckles. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an antagonist for PDZ protein- protein interaction suppresses Tax-induced transformation and prevents T cell infection by HTLV-1. Thus, disruption of PDZ protein-protein interaction may provide new therapeutic opportunities for HTLV-1 induced diseases. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5347.
Estrogen and Combined Estrogen and X-Ray Therapy
Authors: George White, Gerald G. Garcelon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

RECENT clinical experience with malignant tumors of salivary-gland origin has demonstrated that this form of cancer may be favorably influenced either by hormones or by the combination of hormone and x-ray therapy. Healing of ulcerated lesions and tumor regression have been observed after administration of estrogen alone. Relief of pain and improvement of the patients' general status have also been noted. Similar responses have occurred when the disease has been subjected to x-ray therapy in patients who were currently under estrogen treatment.This clinical experiment is based on observations made by Nathanson and White1 after x-ray therapy of breast cancer . . .
PROGNOTIC PREDICTORS AFTER THE SUCCESSFUL ANGIOPLASTY FOR THE CORONARY ARTERIES WITH CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION
Authors: Dong-Ho Shin, Sanghoon Shin, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Jung-Sun Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Donghoon Choi, Myeong-Ki Hong, Yangsoo Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
FDG Uptake in a Rheumatoid Nodule With Imaging Appearance Similar to a Malignant Soft Tissue Tumor
Authors: Klaus Strobel, Arthur R. von Hochstetter, Ulrich G. Exner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Partial-body F-18 FDG PET/CT was performed in a 40-year-old woman with a soft tissue tumor at the left elbow. She had rheumatoid arthritis for several years. PET/CT showed moderate FDG uptake (SUV max. 4.2) in the known soft tissue lesion. The tumor was resected and histology revealed rheumatoid granulomas with bursitis.
Biological Profiles in Subjects With Recurrent Acute Coronary Events Compared With Subjects With Long-Standing Stable Angina
Authors: Peter Bogaty, Paul Poirier, Serge Simard, Luce Boyer, Susan Solymoss, Gilles R. Dagenais
Journal: Circulation (2001)

At one end of the clinical spectrum of coronary artery disease (CAD) are subjects who have had repeated acute ischemic events, and at the other end are those with long-standing angina who have never been unstable. This study tests the hypothesis that a specific biological profile can distinguish these 2 extreme groups and predict acute coronary events.Blood levels of lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and von Willebrand factor were compared in 3 groups of 50 subjects each: (1) those with previous multiple acute coronary events, (2) age-matched subjects with >/=3 years of stable angina and no prior acute coronary events, and (3) matched controls without evidence of atherosclerotic disease and a normal coronary angiogram. All subjects were followed for 4.0 years. Lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, tissue plasminogen activator, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were similar in both CAD groups and significantly higher than in the control group. However, compared with subjects with long-standing stable angina, those with previous multiple coronary events had higher values of CRP (5.7+/-5.4 versus 3.0+/-5.2 mg/L, P=0.012), fibrinogen (3.38+/-0.75 versus 2.92+/-0.64 g/L, P=0.001), and von Willebrand factor (1.60+/-0.55 versus 1.25+/-0.36 U/mL, P=0.0003). On follow-up, myocardial infarction and unstable angina occurred in 42% of the group with multiple events, 4% of the stable angina group (P<0.0001), and none of the control subjects. In the 100 patients with CAD, CRP was 4.9 mg/L in those with and 1.8 mg/L in those without new instability (P<0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, only CRP distinguished those with follow-up acute coronary events (adjusted odds ratio 5.9, 95% CI 2.0 to 17.9; P=0.002). A baseline CRP >3.5 mg/L had a relative risk of 7.6 (2.6 to 21.7, P=0.0002) for subsequent acute events.An inflammatory biological profile distinguished patients with previous multiple acute coronary events from those with long-standing stable angina and predicted acute coronary instability.
Progressive Pulmonary Vascular Obstruction and Cor Pulmonale Due to Repeated Embolism from Axillary Vein Thrombosis
Authors: RAUL E. FALICOV
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

A case of posttraumatic axillary vein thrombosis in an otherwise healthy young man gave rise to rapidly progressive obstructive pulmonary hypertension, a result of recurrent thromboembolism. The syndrome is clinically rare and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism.
Really taking metaphysics seriously
Authors: Barbara Montero
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Ross &amp; Spurrett (R&amp;S) fail to take metaphysics seriously because they do not make a clear enough distinction between how we understand the world and what the world is really like. Although they show that the behavioral and cognitive sciences are genuinely explanatory, it is not clear that they have shown that these special sciences identify properties that are genuinely causal.
No evidence on screening for cancer
Authors: S. P. Hart
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) now recommends screening for cancer in patients aged over 40 years with a first unprovoked deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. However, this comprises a small section of the venous thromboembolism (VTE) guideline,1 which otherwise adds little to existing guidelines. The British Thoracic Society and European Society …
826-2 Interleukin-6 but not C-reactive protein is elevated at the site of ruptured plaques in acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Lukas A Altwegg, Roberto Corti, Arnold von Eckardstein, Friedrich Maly, Gabor Sütsch, Marco Roffi, Franz R Eberli, Lukas Bestmann, Bernd van der Loo, Thomas F Lüscher, Willibald Maier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Synthetic anti-BR3 antibodies that mimic BAFF binding and target both human and murine B cells
Authors: Chingwei V. Lee, Sarah G. Hymowitz, Heidi J. Wallweber, Nathaniel C. Gordon, Karen L. Billeci, Siao-Ping Tsai, Deanne M. Compaan, JianPing Yin, Qian Gong, Robert F. Kelley, Laura E. DeForge, Flavius Martin, Melissa A. Starovasnik, Germaine Fuh
Journal: Blood (2006)
Child Development: Physical and Psychologic Growth Through Adolescence
Authors: W. W. Bauer
Journal: JAMA (1960)

This is more than a textbook. The authors "urge college teachers not to use this book as a text alone, but rather as a focus for vigorous class discussion of experiences and observations made by the students." The book is also a valuable reference source for persons or groups concerned with problems in child growth and development. The book contains a list of films and film strips, a bibliography of more than 1,400 items, and an excellent index. The authors cover the subject competently and comprehensively. They begin with general principles and take up in turn physical influences, effects of nutrition and routines, and the influence of home, school, church, and camps. The influences of culture, race, socio-economic status, community environments, movies, radio and television, newspapers and magazines, and other recreational influences are then discussed. Typical evaluations are those of radio and television about which the authors present factual and
McCune-Albright Syndrome
Authors: Penny H. Saxon, Luke R. Scalcione, Jocelyn A. Luongo, Jonathan S. Luchs, Joseph P. Mazzie, Douglas S. Katz, Elizabeth Y. Yung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

We present a 30-year-old woman with a medical history of McCune-Albright Syndrome who underwent an F-18 FDG-PET scan for further evaluation of cervical adenopathy noted on a recent computed tomographic examination. Intensely hypermetabolic foci were noted in the axial and appendicular osseous structures, correlating with foci of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia seen on CT scan. Increased uptake of Tc-99 MDP or HDP in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia is well described. The potential for misdiagnosis of intensely hypermetabolic foci involving fibrous dysplasia on F-18 FDG-PET scan has also been described. This is a rare case of FDG-PET hypermetabolism of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia in the setting of McCune-Albright Syndrome.
Needle Biopsy of the Kidney
Authors: Howard J. Frankel
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Drs. Immergut and Plotkin (<b>211</b>:827, 1970) are to be commended for their courage and candor in reporting their renal biopsy complication. I agree with their conclusion that renal arteriography should be done promptly when faced with postbiopsy bleeding. However, I must take issue with their statement that renal biopsy under fluoroscopic visualization after infusion pyelography is a "blind" procedure. The advantage of the fluoroscopic pyelographic technique is that the biopsy needle may be easily guided to a point just within the lateral margin of the lower pole of the kidney. This extra precaution avoids large blood vessels and calyces and minimizes the possibility of trauma to the vascular supply or collecting system. Reference to Fig 2 in the report illustrates this last point. The kidney is well outlined by dye but the site of biopsy is almost closer to the hilus than to the peripheral margin,
Chronic liver disease in murine hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 induces resistance to cell death
Authors: Arndt Vogel, Inge E.T. van den Berg, Muhsen Al-Dhalimy, John Groopman, Ching-Nan Ou, Olga Ryabinina, Mihail S. Iordanov, Milton Finegold, Markus Grompe
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The murine model of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) was used to analyze the relationship between chronic liver disease and programmed cell death in vivo . In healthy fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase deficient mice ( Fah -/- ), protected from liver injury by the drug 2-(2- nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione (NTBC), the tyrosine metabolite homogentisic acid (HGA) caused rapid hepatocyte death. In contrast, all mice survived the same otherwise lethal dose of HGA if they had preexisting liver damage induced by NTBC withdrawal. Similarly, Fah -/- animals with liver injury were also resistant to apoptosis induced by the Fas ligand Jo-2 and to necrosis-like cell death induced by acetaminophen (APAP). Molecular studies revealed a marked up-regulation of the antiapoptotic heat shock proteins (Hsp) 27, 32, and 70 and of c-Jun in hepatocytes of stressed mice. In addition, the p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) stress-activated kinase pathways were markedly impaired in the cell-death resistant liver. In conclusion, these results provide evidence that chronic liver disease can paradoxically result in cell death resistance in vivo . Stress-induced failure of cell death programs may lead to an accumulation of damaged cells and therefore enhance the risk for cancer as observed in HT1 and other chronic liver diseases. (Hepatology 2004;39:433-443.)
Unreliability of Radiodilution Assays as Screening Tests for Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Deficiency
Authors: Kenneth L. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Recent studies have demonstrated problems with the radiodilution assay method for measuring serum cobalamin (vitamin B<sub>12</sub>) levels. We have found the standard commercial radiodilution kit assay to be totally ineffective in screening for cobalamin deficiency. In a four-month period, 352 patients were screened in a routine clinical laboratory using this kit. None of the serum samples yielded a result below the given normal range of 200 to 1,100 pg/mL. However, when 42 patients with low-normal serum cobalamin levels (200 to 500 pg/mL) were retested by a combination of a modified radiodilution kit, a human intrinsic factor assay, and a microbiological (<i>Lactobacillus leichmannii</i>) assay, 16 (36%) were identified as having serum cobalamin levels that were abnormally low. The diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency may have been incorrectly dismissed in many patients on the basis of test results obtained with these kits, which are in widespread use. (<i>JAMA</i>244:1942-1945, 1980)
GATA and FOG2 transcription factors differentially regulate the promoter for Kv4.2 K+ channel gene in cardiac myocytes and PC12 cells
Authors: Y Jia
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Objective: Kv4.2 subunits are major components of transient outward K+ channels in cardiac myocytes and somatodendritic A-type channels in neurons. To identify molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of Kv4.2 gene, we have isolated and characterized the promoter for the rat Kv4.2 gene. Methods: PCR-based amplification of cDNA end (5′RACE) and RNase protection assays were used to determine transcription start sites. Transient transfection of Kv4.2 promoter-luciferase reporter constructs into neonatal cardiac myocytes and PC12 cells was employed to measure activity of the Kv4.2 promoter. Cotransfection of expression vectors for the transcription factors, GATA and/or FOG2, was performed to determine the effects of these transcription factors on the Kv4.2 promoter. Results: Transcription of the gene initiates at 552 bp upstream from the translation initiation site in the brain and heart. Deletion analysis revealed that the ∼200-bp fragment encompassing this start site drives significant transcription in neonatal cardiac myocytes and PC12 cells. The transcription factors GATA4 and 6 differentially enhance activity of the minimum promoter in the two cell types: GATA4 produces a larger increase than GATA6 in cardiac myocytes, whereas the latter results in a more substantial enhancement in PC12 cells. Furthermore, the coregulator of GATA, FOG2, markedly suppresses the GATA-induced increase in myocytes, but enhances it in PC12 cells. The use of GATA mutants that are incapable of forming complexes with FOG2 indicates that the formation of GATA–FOG complexes is required for the FOG2-induced suppression in myocytes, but not for the FOG2-mediated enhancement in PC12 cells. Conclusion: These results indicate that GATA and FOG2 transcription factors use distinct mechanisms to control the expression of Kv4.2 gene in cardiac myocytes and PC12 cells. The lack of a GATA-binding consensus sequence in the Kv4.2 minimum promoter suggests that these transcription factors indirectly influence the channel gene transcription.
PTH-113 Change In Awareness Of Gluten Related Disorders Amongst Chefs And The General Public In The United Kingdom: A 10 Year Follow-on Study
Authors: I Aziz, M Karajeh, J Zilkha, E Tubman, C Fowles, DS Sanders
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> For individuals with gluten-related disorders (GRD) eating out has traditionally been difficult, and socially impacting, due to concern over the lack of public awareness regarding GRD and a gluten-free diet (GFD). However, the recent rise in media coverage highlighting these conditions may have altered knowledge amongst community members. <h3>Aims</h3> To assess whether there has been a change in awareness of GRD, and a GFD, amongst the general public and chefs over a ten year period. <h3>Methods</h3> A face-to-face questionnaire survey about coeliac disease (CD) and gluten sensitivity (GS) was performed on the general public and chefs based in Sheffield, United Kingdom. The assessment was first conducted in 2003 and repeated in 2013. Chefs were also asked about their workplace (takeaway or restaurant) and whether or not they had formal qualifications. Additional questions for the 2013 cohort included correct recognition of the cross-grain symbol to identify gluten-free products and whether they displayed a notice/sign for gluten-free products. <h3>Results</h3> <i>Public survey:</i> 513 public members in year 2003 (mean age 49.2, 62% female) were compared to 575 public members in year 2013 (mean age 37.8, 57% female). Adjusting for age and sex, there was a significant rise in the awareness of GRD from the years 2003 to 2013; CD (44.2 to 74.4%, OR 3.94 [CI: 2.99–5.19]) and GS (58.2 to 89%, OR 7.09 [CI: 5–9.98]), p value &lt; 0.0001. <i>Chef Survey:</i> 322 chefs in year 2003 (mean age 37.6, 15.2% female, qualified 51.2%, restaurant chefs 50%) were compared to 265 chefs in year 2013 (mean age 27.1, 38.1% female, qualified 93.2%, restaurant chefs 83%), p &lt; 0.0001. Adjusting for age, sex, workplace and qualifications, there was a significant rise in the awareness of GRD from the years 2003 to 2013; CD (17.1 to 78.1%, OR 12.5 [CI: 7.9–19.6]) and GS (9.3 to 87.5%, OR 65.7 CI: [35.4–122]), p &lt; 0.001. Whereas in 2003 the public were significantly more aware of GRD than chefs, by 2013 there was a similar prevalence of awareness in both groups. In addition, the correct recognition of the gluten-free symbol was 44% for the public and 40% for chefs (p 0.28). Furthermore, in the year 2013, 41% of restaurants and 27% of takeaways displayed selling gluten-free products (p 0.07). <h3>Conclusion</h3> There has been a dramatic rise in both the public and chefs awareness of GRD. This suggests that individuals with GRD can take greater confidence discussing and ordering a GFD whilst eating out. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Blood glucose control and glomerular capillary basement membrane thickening in experimental diabetes.
Authors: C J Fox, S C Darby, J T Ireland, P H Sonksen
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Glomerular capillary basement membrane thickness (BMT) was measured in 23 rats which had had streptozocin-induced diabetes for 14 months and in 12 age-matched controls. Diabetic rats were randomly allocated to different groups, either receiving no treatment or treated with a low carbohydrate diet or insulin, or both. Control rats were randomly allocated to a normal or low carbohydrate diet. Among the diabetic rats mean plasma glucose concentrations for the groups ranged from 27-4 mmol/l (494 mg/100 ml) in the untreated rats to 9-8 mmol/l (177 mg/100 ml) in those receiving both a low carbohydrate diet and insulin. A highly significant positive relation was found between BMT and plasma glucose concentration for individual rats. When BMT was corrected for body weight a similar relation was observed.
Base-rate respect meets affect neglect
Authors: Paul Whitney, John M. Hinson, Allison L. Matthews
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract While improving the theoretical account of base-rate neglect, Barbey &amp; Sloman's (B&amp;S's) target article suffers from affect neglect by failing to consider the fundamental role of emotional processes in “real world” decisions. We illustrate how affective influences are fundamental to decision making, and discuss how the dual process model can be a useful framework for understanding hot and cold cognition in reasoning.
Experimental Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Human Respiratory Cilia
Authors: John J. Ballenger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE purpose of the experimental work reported in this manuscript is to demonstrate a possible mechanism whereby tar and other combustion products in cigarette smoke might be deposited in the lower respiratory tract of human beings. An impressive body of literature has accumulated to support the thesis that prolonged and heavy cigarette smoking is positively related to the increased incidence of bronchogenic carcinoma. These reports are of three general types: statistical studies; post-mortem examinations of the bronchial epitheliums of smokers versus nonsmokers; and experimental data on the carcinogenicity of the combustion products of tobacco.In May, 1950, Wynder and Graham . . .
Slug, a highly conserved zinc finger transcriptional repressor, protects hematopoietic progenitor cells from radiation-induced apoptosis in vivo
Authors: Akira Inoue, Markus G. Seidel, Wenshu Wu, Shintaro Kamizono, Adolfo A. Ferrando, Roderick T. Bronson, Hiromi Iwasaki, Koichi Akashi, Akira Morimoto, Johann K. Hitzler, Tamara I. Pestina, Carl W. Jackson, Ryuhei Tanaka, Miriam J. Chong, Peter J. McKinnon, Takeshi Inukai, Gerard C. Grosveld, A.Thomas Look
Journal: Cancer Cell (2002)