tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer-Drug Discovery — Let's Get Ready for the Next Period
Authors: Dan L. Longo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

The use of drugs to treat cancer began about 70 years ago. After World War II, Louis Goodman and Alfred Gilman and their colleagues at Yale University noted that people who had been exposed to mustard gas often had bone marrow suppression. They identified the active chemical moiety in the gas, gave it to patients, and saw responses in patients with hematologic cancers.1 Thus, alkylating agents were developed and became key components of treatments for many forms of cancer.Not all useful drugs emerged as a product of accurate hypotheses. Sidney Farber mistakenly thought that leukemic cells looked megaloblastic, and . . .
Detection of Vaccinia DNA in the Blood Following Smallpox Vaccination
Authors: Michael R. Savona, Wilfred P. Dela Cruz, Morris S. Jones, Jennifer A. Thornton, Dongxiang Xia, Ted L. Hadfield, Patrick J. Danaher
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Khaled (“Karl”) Ghattas
Authors: Alan Selwyn
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Khaled Ghattas (“Karl”) worked as a senior house officer in surgery in several hospitals in London and Chester. Becoming disenchanted with many aspects of medicine, he took an MSc in philosophy at the London School of Economics in 1989. He taught himself to paint and emerged as a wildly original and sought after artist in many …
Managing Care — Should We Adopt a New Ethic?
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The reorganization of health care is profoundly influencing the roles, responsibilities, and even the loyalties of physicians. The accelerated disappearance of the solo practitioner has been matched by an increase in the number of physicians who belong to various complex organizational groupings, including independent practice associations (IPAs), physician–hospital organizations (PHOs), and group- and staff-model health maintenance organizations (HMOs). No matter what the physician reimbursement mechanism is in each plan (fee-for-service or global capitation), plan administrators expect individual physicians or groups of physicians to stay within a fixed budget for their panels of patients. To achieve this goal, many try to . . .
When it's worth repeating
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Bone scans were performed on 204 patients at Intervals ranging from 6 hr to several years after traumatic fractures. The minimum time for a bone scan to become abnormal following fracture was age-dependent; however, 80% of all fractures were abnormal by 24 hr, and 95 % by 72 hr, after injury. Three distinct temporally related phases were noted on bone scans as sequential studies showed a gradual return to normal. The minimum time for a fracture to return to normal on a bone scan was 5 mo. Approximately 90% of the fractures returned to normal by 2 yr after injury.
US pain expert faces prison after pleading guilty to research fraud
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Scott Reuben, an anaesthesiologist and former head of the pain clinic at Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, and author of 21 papers published over 15 years, has been convicted in the Federal District Court of falsifying medical research studies.

Dr Reuben will be sentenced on 24 May. He faces penalties of 10 years in prison, followed by two years of supervision after release, and $250 000 (£170 000; €185 000) in fines. Baystate Medical Center asked journals to retract his papers.

In a plea agreement with the court he pleaded guilty and …
Antinuclear Autoantibodies Specific for Lamins
Authors: KAISS LASSOUED
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

In 11 patients, sera displaying a ringlike nuclear immunofluorescent staining on sections of rat liver tissue were shown by Western blotting to contain antibodies to lamins. Sera from 8 patients contained autoantibodies reacting with lamin B, whereas sera from the other 3 patients reacted with lamins A and C. All patients (9 women and 2 men) had a chronic autoimmune disorder, which rarely fulfilled the usual criteria for a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. The disorder was characterized by acute or chronic (active or granulomatous) hepatitis; steroid-responsive blood cytopenia, often associated with a circulating anticoagulant, or anticardiolipin antibodies, or both; and cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis or probable brain vasculitis. Eight patients had at least two of these three conditions. Antilamin autoantibodies may thus be a marker for an unusual subset of autoimmune diseases.
The renal effect of low-dose dopamine in high-risk patients undergoing coronary angiography
Authors: Meir Gare, Yosef S Haviv, Arie Ben-Yehuda, Dvorah Rubinger, Tali Bdolah-Abram, Shmuel Fuchs, Ora Gat, Mordecai M Popovtzer, Mervyn S Gotsman, Morris Mosseri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Fuel-mediated teratogenesis. Use of D-mannose to modify organogenesis in the rat embryo in vivo.
Authors: T Buchanan, N Freinkel, N J Lewis, B E Metzger, S Akazawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The unique embryotoxic properties of D-mannose have been used as the basis for a new technique to secure precise temporal correlations between metabolic perturbations during organogenesis and subsequent dysmorphogenesis. Conscious, pregnant rats were infused with D-mannose or equimolar amounts of D-glucose by "square wave" delivery during the interval in which the neural plate is established and early fusion of neural folds takes place, that is, days 9.5-10.0 of gestation. Infusions of mannose to maternal plasma levels of 150-200 mg/dl did not elicit any toxicity in the mothers: motor activity, eating behavior, and serum components (electrolytes, osmolality, bilirubin) did not differ in glucose- vis-à-vis mannose-infused dams. Embryos were excised by hysterotomy on day 11.6 for evaluation of development. Examination with a dissecting microscope did not disclose developmental abnormalities in any of the 136 embryos from glucose-infused mothers or in 62 additional embryos from mothers that had not received any infusions. By contrast, dysmorphic changes were seen in 17 of 191 embryos (8.9%) from mannose-infused mothers. 14 of the 17 had abnormal brain or neural tube development with incomplete neural tube closure in 9 instances. Abnormal axial rotation was present in 8 of the 191 embryos (4.2%) and lesions of the heart or optic vesicles were seen in 4 (2.1%) and 3 (1.6%), respectively. Embryos from mannose-infused mothers displayed significant retardations in somite number, crown-rump length, and total protein and DNA content. These stigmata of growth retardation were more marked in the 17 dysmorphic embryos. The experiments indicate that D-mannose may be employed in model systems with rodents for precisely timed interruptions of organogenesis in vivo. Initial applications are consistent with our earlier suggestion that multiple dysmorphic changes may supervene after interference with communally observed metabolic dependencies during organogenesis. The studies do not identify the vulnerable site(s) within the conceptus (e.g., investing membranes, embryos, or both). However, the findings suggest that dysmorphic events are manifest most markedly in a general setting of embryo growth retardation.
Ectopic bone formation associated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins-2 using absorbable collagen sponge and beta tricalcium phosphate as carriers
Authors: Chang-Sung Kim, Joon-Il Kim, Jin Kim, Seong-Ho Choi, Jung-Kiu Chai, Chong-Kwan Kim, Kyoo-Sung Cho
Journal: Biomaterials (2004)
Trends of Antibiotic Use In the United States
Authors: Te-Wen Chang
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> All agree that there has been overuse of antibiotics in the United States. One aspect is not clear to us because of astonishing absence of data. That is: Have we gained from the widespread use of antibiotics? Before the antibiotic era, suppurative diseases involving the sinuses and the middle ear were quite common. Mastoidectomy and sinus operation were common procedures everywhere in the United States. With the advent of antibiotics, they have become rarities. However, otitis media is still common among the American Indians and the Alaskan Eskimos. If the American Indians and Alaskan Eskimos received the same amount of medication as in the rest of the country, the high incidence of suppurative otitis media might not have occurred. This is just one example; no one knows how many others might exist. While we know so much about the adverse effects of the overuse of antibiotics, we
Functional Cardiac Paraganglioma Associated with a Rare SDHC Mutation
Authors: Adam C. Millar, Ozgur Mete, Robert J. Cusimano, Stephen E. Fremes, Shaf Keshavjee, Christopher D. Morgan, Sylvia L. Asa, Shereen Ezzat, Jeremy Gilbert
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2014)
Follow-up FDG PET in the Evaluation of Unexplained Focal Activity in the Abdomen
Authors: Yifan Zhang, Yan Xiu, Hongming Zhuang, Simin Dadparvar, Jian Q. Yu, Thiruvenkatasamy Dhurairaj, Abass Alavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Purpose: This study assessed the value of a follow-up FDG PET scan when the initial PET demonstrated unexplained findings of focal FDG uptake in the abdomen. Method: The records of 3634 patients with PET scans were retrospectively reviewed. Those patients who had follow-up PET scans after the initial PET scan showed unexplained FDG activity in the abdomen were further analyzed. The results from the second PET scan were compared with the follow-up data, which included the findings from other imaging modalities, clinical course, and biopsy or surgical pathology interpretations. Results: A total of 59 patients were included in the final analysis. The average time interval between the initial and the follow-up PET scans was 4.2 + 2.3 months. The follow-up PET provided a clear-cut diagnosis in 55 (93.2%) of these patients, whereas diagnoses in only 4 patients remained indeterminate. Follow-up PET scans were negative for abdominal malignancy in 38 patients. Thirty-five of these 38 patients with negative follow-up PET were proven to be without abdominal malignancy, with a negative predictive value of 92.1% (35 of 38). The follow-up PET was positive in 17 patients. Fifteen of these 17 patients with a positive follow-up PET scans were found to have malignancy in the abdomen with a positive predicative value of 88.2% (15 of 17). All 4 patients with indeterminate follow-up scans were proven not to have malignancy. Conclusion: Follow-up FDG PET scan provides an effective means for diagnosing unexplained findings in the abdomen that were previously detected on initial PET scan.
The Two Faces of Medicine
Authors: Carl Binger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

SOME years ago I visited a new dig at Amphearaeon between Athens and Marathon. At this spot a temple to Aesculapius was being unearthed and restored. My companion was a Greek psychiatrist named Kouretas, whose French was a good deal better than my Greek. All I could say was, "Good day, Sir," or "Thank you very much." These two expressions will take one a long way in Greece; far from being xenophobes the Greeks are uncommonly kind and welcoming to foreigners. When I left the dig and said goodbye to Dr. Kouretas, he handed me a fragment of fluted marble, . . .
Aquisition Of Hepatitis-Associated Antigen
Authors: Lewellys F. Barker
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Twelve participants in studies on inactivation of the agent of serum hepatitis in blood and blood products, which were conducted in 1951 to 1954, became persistent carriers of the Australia or hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA). In eight of the 12, their inoculation with various icterogenic materials resulted in illness of minimal severity. Four others had no recognizable clinical illness. Of the 12, ten had follow-up examinations from one to three years later, and all were thought to have either probable or definite evidence of minimal residual hepatic dysfunction at that time. This group of 12 differs from 103 individuals in whom transient serum HAA developed. Most members of the latter group had more severe initial illness, but only 16 of 72 were thought to have evidence of residual hepatic dysfunction on follow-up examination.
Urinary-Tract Infections in the Elderly
Authors: Lawrence R. Freedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

THE study of elderly institutionalized men reported by Nicolle and colleagues in this issue1 confirms the high frequency with which urinary-tract infections are acquired in this patient population and illustrates the ineffectiveness of discrete courses of antibiotics in maintaining sterility of the urine in such patients.The increasing prevalence of urinary-tract infections with advancing age is well established.2 The rate is about 1 per cent in randomly selected ambulatory young women and rises to about 20 per cent at age 70. Infections are rarely seen in men under 50 and occur in about 4 per cent at age 70. With . . .
Evidence for Expanding Physician Supply
Authors: Vincent M. Pedre
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters15 March 2005Evidence for Expanding Physician SupplyVincent M. Pedre III, MDVincent M. Pedre III, MDFrom Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10028.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-6-200503150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In contrast to what Cooper's article (1) suggests, the root of the problem of physician undersupply in the coming years is not only the limits on allopathic medical school admissions following the 1970s but also the drastic changes in the health care world that have made becoming a doctor a headache-ridden nightmare. Today's doctors must deal with a changing health care climate in which insurance carriers dictate how much they can make and how they practice medicine. Look at the recent report in Medical Economics(2) detailing how physician salaries, especially those of much-needed primary care physicians, trail ...References1. Cooper RA. Weighing the evidence for expanding physician supply. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:705-14. [PMID: 15520427] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Lowes R. Primary care tries to hang on. Med Econ. 2004;81:52-4, 56, 58 passim [PMID: 15493653] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Vincent M. PedreIII, MDAffiliations: From Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10028. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoWeighing the Evidence for Expanding Physician Supply Richard A. Cooper Evidence for Expanding Physician Supply William A. Curry and Clyde Barganier Evidence for Expanding Physician Supply Sharon I.S. Rounds and Derek C. Angus Evidence for Expanding Physician Supply Richard A. Cooper Evidence for Expanding Physician Supply W. Bruce Fye Metrics Cited byHealth Care Policy, Quality Improvement, and Patient Safety in Pain Medicine Practice 15 March 2005Volume 142, Issue 6Page: 473KeywordsGlobal healthHealth careHealth economicsHealth insuranceHealth Insurance Portability and Accountability ActMedical servicesPatient advocacyPrimary care physiciansResidencyRunning ePublished: 15 March 2005 Issue Published: 15 March 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
X-Ray Sign in Weber-Christian Disease
Authors: Norman Zheutlin, Joe Golenternek
Journal: JAMA (1964)

WEBER-CHRISTIAN DISEASE, more descriptively known as relapsing, febrile, nodular, nonsuppurative panniculitis, is characterized by recurrent tender inflammatory nodules in the subcutaneous fat. Internal fat deposits may also be involved. Many excellent reviews of this syndrome have appeared in the literature in recent years.<sup>1-6</sup>It is of interest to note that, in many of the patients described,<sup>1</sup>rheumatic fever or some other rheumatic disease had at one time or another been diagnosed. Similarly, for the patient described in this report the diagnosis of rheumatic fever had been made on three widely separate occasions. During a recent episode of panniculitis this patient presented with a severely swollen, red, warm, painful knee. X-rays of the knee revealed changes which we feel are helpful in establishing the diagnosis of Weber-Christian disease. Although x-ray visualization of calcification within the necrotic subcutaneous fat nodules has been described in this condition, we have found no
Clinical Correlations With Lewy Body Pathology in<i>LRRK2</i>-Related Parkinson Disease
Authors: Lorraine V. Kalia, Anthony E. Lang, Lili-Naz Hazrati, Shinsuke Fujioka, Zbigniew K. Wszolek, Dennis W. Dickson, Owen A. Ross, Vivianna M. Van Deerlin, John Q. Trojanowski, Howard I. Hurtig, Roy N. Alcalay, Karen S. Marder, Lorraine N. Clark, Carles Gaig, Eduardo Tolosa, Javier Ruiz-Martínez, Jose F. Marti-Masso, Isidre Ferrer, Adolfo López de Munain, Samuel M. Goldman, Birgitt Schüle, J. William Langston, Jan O. Aasly, Maria T. Giordana, Vincenzo Bonifati, Andreas Puschmann, Margherita Canesi, Gianni Pezzoli, Andre Maues De Paula, Kazuko Hasegawa, Charles Duyckaerts, Alexis Brice, A. Jon Stoessl, Connie Marras
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common cause of genetic Parkinson disease (PD) known to date. The clinical features of manifesting LRRK2 mutation carriers are generally indistinguishable from those of patients with sporadic PD. However, some PD cases associated with LRRK2 mutations lack Lewy bodies (LBs), a neuropathological hallmark of PD. We investigated whether the presence or absence of LBs correlates with different clinical features in LRRK2-related PD.We describe genetic, clinical, and neuropathological findings of 37 cases of LRRK2-related PD including 33 published and 4 unpublished cases through October 2013. Among the different mutations, the LRRK2 p.G2019S mutation was most frequently associated with LB pathology. Nonmotor features of cognitive impairment/dementia, anxiety, and orthostatic hypotension were correlated with the presence of LBs. In contrast, a primarily motor phenotype was associated with a lack of LBs.To our knowledge, this is the first report of clinicopathological correlations in a series of LRRK2-related PD cases. Findings from this selected group of patients with PD demonstrated that parkinsonian motor features can occur in the absence of LBs. However, LB pathology in LRRK2-related PD may be a marker for a broader parkinsonian symptom complex including cognitive impairment.
Abstract 2319: Histone demethylase JMJD2C is a coactivator for hypoxia-inducible factor 1 that is required for breast cancer progression.
Authors: Weibo Luo, Ryan Chang, Jun Zhong, Akhilesh Pandey, Gregg L. Semenza
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activates transcription of genes encoding proteins that play key roles in breast cancer biology. We hypothesized that interaction of HIF-1 with epigenetic regulators may increase HIF-1 transcriptional activity and thereby promote breast cancer progression. We report that the histone demethylase jumonji domain containing protein 2C (JMJD2C) selectively interacts with HIF-1α, but not HIF-2α, and that HIF-1α mediates recruitment of JMJD2C to the hypoxia response elements (HREs) of HIF-1 target genes. JMJD2C decreases trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9, and enhances HIF-1 binding to HREs, thereby activating transcription of BNIP3, LDHA,PDK1, and SLC2A1, which encode proteins that are required for metabolic reprogramming, as well as LOXL2 and L1CAM, which encode proteins that are required for lung metastasis. JMJD2C expression is significantly associated with expression of GLUT1, LDHA, PDK1, LOX, LOXL2, and L1CAM mRNA in human breast cancer biopsies. JMJD2C knockdown inhibits breast tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis to the lungs of mice following mammary fat pad injection. Taken together, these findings establish a novel epigenetic mechanism that stimulates HIF-1-mediated transactivation of genes encoding proteins involved in metabolic reprogramming and lung metastasis in breast cancer. Citation Format: Weibo Luo, Ryan Chang, Jun Zhong, Akhilesh Pandey, Gregg L. Semenza. Histone demethylase JMJD2C is a coactivator for hypoxia-inducible factor 1 that is required for breast cancer progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2319. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2319
Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Video Series
Authors: Nanette K. Wenger
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The appropriate use of technology has enormous potential to improve patients' understanding of their medical (cardiac) problems and the components of their care. The videotape series by Videocare,<i>Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Program</i>, is exemplary in this regard. Physical activity is increasingly prescribed for coronary patients by their physicians; this includes patients with angina pectoris, those recovering from myocardial infarction, and those who have undergone coronary angioplasty or coronary bypass surgery. Exercise can improve physical work capacity and enhance psychosocial functioning as well. Supervised exercise rehabilitation programs are often either unavailable or inconvenient for many of these patients; for others, costs may limit participation. Our contemporary ability to delineate those coronary patients who can, with reasonable safety, exercise without medical supervision has highlighted several unmet needs. How can these "low-risk" coronary patients be taught about the multifaceted aspects of appropriate and safe cardiac exercise? How can motivation to exercise be provided,
261 Relationships of hepatocellular carcinoma with single nucleotide polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor-α gene in korean population
Authors: K.W. Chung, H.S. Lee, S.Y. Kim, Y.S. Lee, B.K. Jang, W.J. Chung, K.S. Park, K.B. Cho, S.H. Ahn, D.H. Shine, J.S. Hwang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)