tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Dr. Aufranc: In an earlier presentation in this series, we discussed an acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis in a 10-year-old girl.<sup>1</sup>This child had had a sudden complete epiphyseal separation. Today's case deals with a much more common type of slipped capital femoral epiphysis, one of gradual onset. Dr. Joseph L. Shaw: A 13-year-old girl complained of limp and gradually progressive pain in the left hip over a three-week period. The case was evaluated in a hospital in another state where x-ray films showed a moderate slip of the left capital femoral epiphysis (Fig 1 and 2). Physical examination showed a painful, sensitive left hip with limitation of flextion to 90° and of internal rotation to 20°. There was 10° of abduction, but pain and involuntary muscle spasm limited other motion. Dr. Aufranc: Dr. Turner will discuss the management of this hip problem which is unique to the adolescent
Improving asthma self-efficacy: Developing and testing a pilot community-based asthma intervention for African American adults
Authors: Molly A. Martin, Catherine D. Catrambone, Romina A. Kee, Arthur T. Evans, Lisa K. Sharp, Christopher Lyttle, Cheryl Rucker-Whitaker, Kevin B. Weiss, John Jay Shannon
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
The New Treatment of Watery Eye (Epiphora): With Illustrative Cases
Authors: J. V. Solomon
Journal: BMJ (1859)

inches long, situate over the left eye, partly healed; the pupils were contracted.On opening the head, the appearance of the parts was natural.Thepia mater was slightly congested; the vessels were sonmiewhlat prominent; the substanee of the brain was healthy; but the vascular points were more prominent andl numerous than usual.There was a small quantity of clear watery fluid in the left lateral ventricle ; there was no clot, nor injury to the sikull.The base of the brain was healthy.Chest.The heart was healthy, and of usual size; the lungs were pale anteriorly, but seriously congested at the base and posteriorly, -witlh a good deal of mucus lining the bronchial tubes.There wvere no pleural adhesions.Abdomeni.The liver was lhealtlly; the gall bladder half full of dark thick bile.The spleen was small and firm ; the stomachlvas distended.I renmoved it by ligatures, together with the intestines, for analysis.Thle rigqht kidney was externally natural in size and appearanice; it wvas slightly diseased internally.The left k-idntey was externlally healthy; internally it was diseased, with some fat in the pelvis and sturrounding parts.There was no fluid in the peritoneum; and the other organs were healthy.In giving evidence before the coroner, on February 11th, I could niot swear whether this nman died of urnmia, or of poison by opiurn; I w^as not prepared to say for certain, that the amIlount of kidney disease found after death was sufficient to cause the former; and, as he had lived on very bad terms with his wife, and the neiglhbours openly said she had poisoned him, I felt, in common fairness to the woman, that an analysis was necessary.The inquest wvas consequently adjourned to Feb- ruary 25th; an-d in the meantimie a gentleman made ar analysis of the contents of stomach and bowels.His evidence proved the niont-existence of opium, and a verdict was returned accordingly, but against the wishes of sorne of the jury, who wanted onie nothing short of manslaughter.REMARKS.This case shews the great necessity of coroners courts of iniquiry; for had not a post mortent examination anid analysis taken place, the man's wvife must to the end of her days have been content to bear the stigma of having poisoned her husbatnd.The symptoms equally answered to those of OI)iuM-pOisOninD or ur;nmic disease.
Assessment of Depth of Invasion in Rectal Cancer by Endosonography
Authors: G. Feifel, U. Hildebrandt, G. Dhom
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

Pre-operative staging of rectal cancer could be significantly improved by the imaging method of endorectal ultrasound. Using high-frequency transducers a complex rectal wall pattern was demonstrated. Depending on in vitro or in vivo examinations and on US probes of different frequency the current interpretation is not uniform. Agreement exists on the interpretation of the muscularis propria which is of clinical importance. Objective and precise criteria for lymph node differentiation have yet to be worked out.
Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Practical Management of the Risk Factors
Authors: Irwin R. Callen
Journal: JAMA (1984)

In this volume Drs Kaplan and Stamler with the assistance of 22 other contributors have given us the most up-to-date and comprehensive review of the epidemiology and prevention of coronary heart disease.  Frankly, I approached the work with trepidation, expecting a dull, repetitious presentation, after coming across a dismayingly long sentence near the beginning. My early expectations of more of the same proved groundless when the balance of the chapter, as well as the others, proved to be well written and of excellent content.   number of factors have been identified and firmly established as risks for cardiovascular disease, write the editors. In 219 pages, the 24 contributors rarely repeat their material. A concise glossary follows the preface by Drs Kaplan and Stamler. Chapter 1, by Dr Kannel, consists of an overview of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Dr Strong in chapter 2 discusses the pediatric roots of atherosclerosis.
Is housing a public health issue? A survey of directors of public health.
Authors: P Roderick, C Victor, J Connelly
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the views of directors of public health on the importance of housing for public health and their departments9 and health authorities9 participation in housing issues. DESIGN--Postal self administered questionnaire survey. SETTING--All district health authorities in England and health boards in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. SUBJECTS--All 221 district directors of public health in England and chief administrative medical officers in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Response to questionnaire consisting of fixed and open ended questions on housing issues. RESULTS--The response rate was 89% (196/221). Housing was perceived as a major health problem by 33% (65/196) of directors. Positive responses were most likely from inner city districts. In 47% (93/196) of departments there was a formal time commitment to housing issues with a median time of one session/week (range one per month to 10 per week). The main function was allocation of medical priority for public sector rehousing. Overall, 73% (144/196) reported some participation in this process. Reported participation in joint care planning and links with non-statutory housing organisations were uncommon. 53% (104/196) of directors had included housing issues in their annual health report. In 16% (32/196) of districts specific services for the homeless had been set up. CONCLUSIONS--Although concern about the impact of current housing policy on public health was shown by a substantial number of directors, the main activity was still allocation of medical priority despite a background of increasing housing need and homelessness. The underlying need is for greater advocacy to produce a healthy housing policy for all, and the annual public health report could be used to promote this objective.
Abstract 2916: Discovery of pyrazolimidazopyridine compounds as potent <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors
Authors: Jamal C. Saeh, Bin Yang, Bo Peng, Victor Kamhi, Rane Harrison, Caroline Rivard, Allan Wu, Lisa Drew, Daniel J. Russell
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Translocations linking anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) to multiple fusion partners were identified in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors, esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, neuroblastoma, and in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This fusion leads to constitutive activation of ALK and has potent transforming activity. The recent approval of Crizotinib validated clinically the usefulness of treating EML4-ALK +ve patients with an Alk inhibitor. We report two novel series of compounds that potently inhibit ALK both in vitro and in vivo. Two series of pyrazolimidazolpyridine compounds, with good physical properties, were identified as part of our screening effort as potent ALK inhibitors in ALK enzyme assays. Subsequent testing of the mode of action of these compounds in Del cell lines containing NPM-ALK fusions demonstrated strong inhibition of phospho-ALK. In vivo, oral administration of 10 mg/kg of a pyrazolimidazopyridine compound in a Del xenograft model in SCID mice resulted in greater than 90% inhibition of phospho-ALK over 6 hours. In conclusion, we have identified two series of pyrazolimidazopyridine compounds as potent ALK inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2916. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2916
Narco-analysis with Nitrous Oxide
Authors: C. H. Rogerson
Journal: BMJ (1944)

MEDICAL JRNL 811that direct spread from bed-pans was the cause of the epidemic, as pathogenic organisms were not recovered from any in use. SummaryAn outbreak of haemoly.icstreptococcal infection among puerperal women is described.All the 7 cases were infected with the same type of streptococcus.It is suggested that the infection was spread, directly or indirectly, from a lavatory seat in the receiving ward.
The relevance of maternal immune responses to inhalant allergens to maternal symptoms, passive transfer to the infant, and development of antibodies in the first 2 years of life
Authors: Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Elizabeth A. Erwin, Anne B. Allison, Kevin Blumenthal, Marisa Barr, Diane Sredl, Harriet Burge, Diane Gold
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Abstract 3103: Survivin expression is enhanced by the oncoprotein SF2/ASF in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Maria J. Pajares, Teresa Ezponda, Jackeline Agorreta, Jose I. Echeveste, Jose M. Lopez-Picazo, Wenceslao Torre, Ruben Pio, Luis M. Montuenga
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Recent data have shown that the regulation of mRNA metabolism contributes to the genesis of a variety of diseases, including cancer. Modifications in the levels of mRNA processing proteins can elicit global changes in the profile of mRNA expression, affecting a number of cancer-associated genes. The splicing factor SF2/ASF has been described as an oncoprotein with roles both in the establishment and maintenance of a transformed phenotype. The mTOR pathway activation is required for SF2/ASF-mediated transformation, but the specific effectors involved in the SF2/ASF oncogenic potential are not well known. In the present work, we examined the role of SF2/ASF in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and analyzed the molecular mechanisms involved in the SF2/ASF-oncogenic potential. First, we studied the expression of SF2/ASF in human NSCLC by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. SF2/ASF was overexpressed in most lung cancer cell lines and primary tumors. We next downregulated SF2/ASF expression in NSCLC cells using siRNAs. Inhibition of SF2/ASF induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We found that SF2/ASF inhibition caused a decrease in the main isoform of survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein upregulated in several types of cancer. SF2/ASF specifically bound survivin mRNA, increasing its stability and translation. The translation of survivin mRNA was induced through an mTORC1 pathway-dependent mechanism by the phosphorylation and inactivation of the translational repressor 4E-BP1. Moreover, we found a strong correlation between the expression of SF2/ASF and survivin in both human NSCLC lung cancer cell lines and primary tumors, supporting the concept that survivin expression levels are controlled by SF2/ASF. In conclusion, we show that SF2/ASF over-expression plays an important role in lung cancer cell survival and provide novel data on the molecular mechanisms of SF2/ASF-mediated oncogenic transformation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3103.
Different Patterns of Human Porphyria
Authors: J. Waldenstrom, B. Haeger-Aronsen
Journal: BMJ (1963)

TRANSPLANTATIONMBCnmsU guinea-pigs, or to act in a more limited capacity-for example, as an exclusion test.6.It can be assumed that the compatibility or incompati- bility revealed by the N.L.T. test applies to organs other than skin.7. The N.L.T. test is to be thought of as an ad hoc measure which may be useful until the adoption of methods analogous to those used in erythrocyte grouping provide a definitive solution of the typing problem. General ConsiderationsThe N.L.T. test is biologically interesting in two ways.It shows that blood lymphocytes are much more reactive than lymph-node cells-a discovery for which the work of Billingham, Silvers, and Wilson (1962) and of Gowans (1962) had already prepared us.Secondly, the inflammation raised in the N.L.T. test is almost the simplest imaginable outward sign that an immunological performance is in progress.The speed at which it develops is not surprising in the light of the evidence presented by Gowans (1962) and by Miller, Pierce, Martinez, and Good (1963).As a test of immunological competence-for which it is otherwise well suited-the N.L.T. reaction will of course be especially vulnerable to interference by the non-specific inflammation that may be provoked by the injection of damaged cells.Summary In guinea-pigs the intradermal injection of normal blood lymphocytes from the intended recipient of a homograft into each member of a panel of possible donors excites inflammatory reactions of delayed onset and unequal intensity.The intensity of this inflammatory response provides an almost exact forecast of the intensity of the reaction which a homograft from each donor will elicit after transplantation to the future recipient.Where choice can be exercised, this " normal lymphocyte transfer" (N.L.T.) test may therefore be made the basis of an ad hoc method for choosing the homograft donor most compatible with a given recipient.Subject to certain safeguards, the N.L.T. test should be applicable to human beings.
Abstract 4498: Prognostic significance of nuclear factor kappa B expression in human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Hongzheng Zhang, Zhongliang Hu, Vanessa Phelan, Yuan Liu, Susan Müller, Nabil F. Saba, Jonathan J. Beitler, Fadlo R. Khuri, Georgia Z. Chen, Dong M. Shin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) has been implicated in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) from premalignant changes to tumor progression and recurrence. However, the prognostic significance of cytoplasmic or nuclear localization of NFκB expression in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated HNSCC has not been investigated largely due to limited patient samples. We hypothesized that cytoplasmic and/or nuclear expression of NFκB may be a poor prognostic factor for tumor recurrence and overall survival (OS) regardless of p16 status. We conducted a retrospective study with archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies collected from 188 patients with oropharyngeal SCC between October 1994 and February 2008 from Emory University Department of Pathology. Median follow-up was 21.7 and 58.0 months for p16- and p16+ patients, correspondingly. Tumors were evaluated for p16 expression (a surrogate marker for HPV) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cytoplasmic expression of NFκBp65 by IHC or total expression combining cytoplasmic and nuclear localization were significantly greater in p16- patients (N=58) than p16+ patients (N=130), p&amp;lt;0.05. High cytoplasmic expression of NFκBp65 was significantly associated with poor OS (p=0.0276) and the total expression was associated with recurrence (p=0.0081) by log rank test, whereas nuclear NFκBp65 displayed weak association. Positive nuclear expression significantly correlated with smoking history (p=0.025). In conclusion, p16+ and low total NFκBp65 expression is associated with the best while p16- and high total NFκBp65 is associated with the worst OS in this patient cohort (Table I). (The study was supported by Head and Neck SPORE Grant P50CA128613). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4498. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4498
Reducing the Risk for Stroke in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Antonio M. Gotto, John A. Farmer
Journal: Circulation (2002)

orbidity and mortality from cerebrovascular disease remain a major public health problem in the United States.Despite an encouraging decline in case fatality rates between 1989 and 1999, the actual number of stroke-related deaths increased during this period. 1Approximately 600 000 people in the United States suffer an initial or recurrent stroke each year.Beyond the risk of death, the complications arising from cerebrovascular disease present a major personal and economic burden.Further therapies are needed both to reduce the incidence of initial stroke and to improve clinical outcomes after a cerebrovascular accident.
HIV Seroprevalence in Injection Drug Users
Authors: John K. Watters
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence among injection drug users (IDUs) is thought to be low in cities in the western United States when compared with New York, NY, Miami, Fla, and Chicago, Ill. Data from published serological surveys of IDUs in San Francisco, Calif, suggest seroprevalence of 8% among IDUs enrolled in drug treatment programs during 1988 through 1990<sup>1</sup>and a mean seroprevalence of 12% (range, 10% to 14%) among heterosexual, street-recruited IDUs during 1987 through 1992.<sup>2</sup>These studies also suggest declining incidence of HIV among San Francisco IDUs in the late 1980s. However, this epidemiologic portrait of center-city populations may not accurately portray conditions in neighboring communities. The Urban Health Study conducts studies of street-recruited IDUs in Northern California. We found higher HIV seroprevalence rates at baseline in smaller, predominantly African-American neighborhoods outside San Francisco than among IDUs within the city (Table). Odds for
Letter: Treatment of Wilson's disease.
Authors: K Gibbs, J M Walshe
Journal: BMJ (1975)

bosis later in her life with perhaps fatal embolism on that occasion.Jarvinen and Asp' found that the post- thrombotic state developed with unexpected rapidity-after one to three years 87 0 of patients already had symptoms and/or signs of venous insufficiency and after eight years at the latest all patients had such symptoms and/or signs.Bauer2 found that 80%, of patients with a venous ulcer had had a deep vein thrombosis.In the varicose vein clinic in this hospital, where approximately 2000 patients are seen each year, we have found that over 50 °of the female patients with a postphlebitic limb give a history of ante- or post-partum deep vein thrombosis and in some cases it had occurred after several deliveries.While the 30 deaths from pulmonary embolism per million deliveries are of ex- treme importance in the maternal mortality figures they do not give any picture of the hundreds of women with the postphlebitic limb for the remainder of their lives.
Fully Detargeted Polyethylene Glycol-coated Adenovirus Vectors Are Potent Genetic Vaccines and Escape from Pre-existing Anti-adenovirus Antibodies
Authors: Andreas Wortmann, Sabine Vöhringer, Tatjana Engler, Stephanie Corjon, Reinhold Schirmbeck, Jörg Reimann, Stefan Kochanek, Florian Kreppel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Genetic vaccination with adenoviral (Ad) gene transfer vectors requires transduction of professional antigen-presenting cells. However, because the natural Ad receptors are expressed on many cell types, the Ad vectors currently in use are characterized by high promiscuity. In fact, the majority of injected Ad vector particles are likely to transduce non-target cells. We have analyzed various sizes of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules for vector particle detargeting, and our data provide evidence that the size of the PEG determines detargeting efficiency. With the use of appropriately large PEG molecules, vector particles were detargeted from muscle after local delivery and from liver after systemic delivery in mouse models. Surprisingly, fully detargeted PEGylated Ad vectors still induced strong cellular and humoral immune responses to vector-encoded transgene products. Also, injection of PEGylated and non-PEGylated vector particles resulted in similar kinetics of transgene product-specific cytotoxic immune responses, thereby suggesting that the same cell types were involved in their induction. Furthermore, we showed that PEGylated vectors evade neutralizing anti-Ad antibodies in vivo. This feature might help circumvent the recognized limitation imposed by the widespread occurrence of anti-Ad immunity in the human population. We suggest that PEGylated Ad particles with significantly reduced promiscuity may qualify as a novel and safe vector format for genetic vaccination.
Interprofessional Issues in Community and Primary Health Care
Authors: D. P. Gray
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Interprofessional Issues in Community and Primary Health Care consists of a series of chapters by different authors, many of whom are nationally and internationally known; they include a former director of the Centre for Advancement of Interprofessional Education in Primary Health and Community Care, and its founding father, John Horder. Each chapter is separate and free standing, and some, such as that on the relationship between professionals and management, by Patricia Owens and Heather Petch, are highly topical (and make interesting reading). Each chapter is referenced--in some cases quite extensively--although many …