tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of functional neovascularization by combined VEGF and angiopoietin-1 gene transfer using AAV vectors
Authors: Nikola Arsic, Lorena Zentilin, Serena Zacchigna, Daniela Santoro, Giorgio Stanta, Alessandro Salvi, Gianfranco Sinagra, Mauro Giacca
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Vectors based on the adeno-associated virus (AAV) deliver therapeutic genes to muscle and heart at high efficiency and maintain transgene expression for long periods of time.Here we report about the synergistic effect on blood vessel formation of AAV vectors expressing the 165 aa isoform of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165), a powerful activator of endothelial cells, and of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), which is required for vessel maturation.High titer AAV-VEGF165 and AAV-Ang-1 vector preparations were injected either alone or in combination in the normoperfused tibialis anterior muscle of rats.Long term expression of VEGF165 determined massive cellular infiltration of the muscle tissues over time, with the formation of a large set of new vessels.Strikingly, some of the cells infiltrating the treated muscles were found positive for markers of activated endothelial precursors (VEGFR-2/KDR and Tie-2) and for c-kit, an antigen expressed by pluripotent bone marrow stem cells.Expression of VEGF165 eventually resulted in the formation of structured vessels surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle cells.Presence of these arteriolae correlated with significantly increased blood perfusion in the injected areas.Co-expression of VEGF165 with angiopoietin-1-which did not display angiogenic effect per se-remarkably reduced leakage of vessels produced by VEGF165 alone.
4-Aminobipheny1 Hemoglobin Adducts in Fetuses Exposed to the Tobacco Smoke Carcinogen In Utero
Authors: J. Coghlin, P. H. Gann, S. K. Hammond, P. L Skipper, K. Taghizadeh, M. Paul, StevenR. Tannenbaum
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Maternal-fetal exchange of a potent tobacco-related human carcinogen, 4-aminobiphenyl, was studied in smoking (n = 14) and nonsmoking (n = 38) pregnant women. N-Hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl, the active metabolite of 4-aminobiphenyl, forms chemical addition products (adducts) with hemoglobin. Levels of 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adducts were measured in maternal-fetal paired blood samples obtained from smoking and nonsmoking women during labor and delivery. Carcinogen-hemoglobin adducts were detected in all maternal and fetal blood samples. Levels of such adducts were significantly higher (P less than .001) in maternal and fetal blood samples from smokers: the mean 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adduct level was 92 +/- 54 pg/g of hemoglobin in blood samples from fetuses of smokers, and 17 +/- 13 pg/g of hemoglobin in blood samples from fetuses of nonsmokers; the mean maternal 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adduct level was 183 +/- 108 pg/g of hemoglobin in smokers, and 22 +/- 8 pg/g of hemoglobin in nonsmokers. Fetal carcinogen-adduct levels were consistently lower than maternal levels: the mean maternal to fetal ratio was 2.4 +/- 1.1 in smokers and 1.9 +/- .98 in nonsmokers. Fetal 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adduct levels were strongly associated (correlation coefficient [r2] = .51, P = .002) with maternal 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adduct levels when paired samples from smoking mothers were analyzed. A measure of third-trimester tobacco smoke exposure based on number of cigarettes smoked per day, amount of each cigarette smoked, and depth of inhalation was associated (r2 = .59, P = .029) with maternal 4-aminobiphenyl levels but not with fetal 4-aminobiphenyl levels. This study demonstrates that a potent tobacco-related carcinogen, 4-aminobiphenyl, or its active metabolite, N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl, crosses the human placenta and binds to fetal hemoglobin in concentrations that are significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers.
Primary prevention of cancer: needs and opportunities for research.
Authors: A B Miller
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Strategies for cancer prevention generally come from observational epidemiology and must include monitoring for the effects of the actions. The measurement-iterative loop allows us to refine our approach to cancer prevention. When available, clinical trials can also provide strategies for control. Exposure-specific strategies are described; these are such things as health promotion and behavior modification, legislative approaches, treatment for addiction, changes in the food supply, chemoprevention, occupational and environmental regulation, immunization, identification of persons with enhanced genetic susceptibility, and improved surveillance systems. For some exposures such as tobacco, zero exposure is the goal. For others, prudent avoidance or exposures as low as reasonably achievable are appropriate approaches. Research on how to impact deeply ingrained lifestyle and cultural factors has high priority.
Commentary: Controversies in SIGN guidance on diagnosing and managing headache in adults
Authors: G. Elrington
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A discussion of headache centres on two largely independent areas: diagnosis of possible serious cause (usually none is found), and pain management (typically less, not more medication is needed). The newly published guideline from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)1 uses the familiar split of primary and secondary headache—that is, benign and serious headache.

It is unusual for headache to be the sole symptom of brain tumour.1 The guideline omits demographics: the approximate risk of brain tumour or other serious cause for headache is 1:1000 for headache presenting in primary care, 1:100 for headache presenting in secondary care (outpatients), and 1:10 for headache presenting in accident and emergency departments.

### Imaging

The guideline lists familiar “red flag” indications.1 Reassurance from a scan is supported by a single, unblinded study showing benefit at three months but not at one year.2 The guideline discusses risks of imaging, not confined to computed tomography ionising radiation. Incidental …
Personal health benefits of Masters athletics competition.
Authors: R J Shephard, T Kavanagh, D J Mertens, S Qureshi, M Clark
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1995)

Questionnaires (750 respondents, 44.4% response rate) examined the long-term health value of endurance exercise training in older age-classed competitors ('Masters Athletes', 551 men and 199 women) over a 7-year period (1985-1992). The majority had initially completed maximal exercise tests. The weekly time devoted to training, competition and exercise-related travel was 10 to 30 h, and the annual expenditure on clothing, equipment and entrance fees was typically in the range Canadian $500-1500. Despite their age (mean(s.d.) 58(10), current range 40-81 years), only 1.4% reported sustaining a non-fatal heart attack and 0.6% had required bypass surgery over the 7-year interval. The majority (90%) were very interested in good health; 76% considered themselves as less vulnerable to viral illnesses than their peers, and 68% regarded their quality of life as much better than that of their sedentary friends. The majority of former smokers had stopped smoking before they began training, but 37% indicated that exercise had helped them in smoking withdrawal. In keeping with their health-conscious attitude, 59% had regular medical check-ups, and 86% obeyed legislation requiring use of a seat-belt when driving. In contrast with many older people, 88% slept well or very well. Slightly over half of the sample (57%) had sustained some injury which had limited their training for one or more weeks over the 7-year study. Although participation in Masters competition appears to carry considerable health benefits, gains may in part reflect an overall healthy lifestyle.
A case of milium-like syringoma with focal calcification in Down syndrome
Authors: Seo Sh, Oh Ck, Kwon Ks, Kim Mb
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article A case of milium‐like syringoma with focal calcification in Down syndrome Get access S‐H. Seo, S‐H. Seo Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University, School of Medicine, 1‐10 Ami‐dong, Seo‐gu, Busan, 602‐739, Busan, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐K. Oh, C‐K. Oh Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University, School of Medicine, 1‐10 Ami‐dong, Seo‐gu, Busan, 602‐739, Busan, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K‐S. Kwon, K‐S. Kwon Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University, School of Medicine, 1‐10 Ami‐dong, Seo‐gu, Busan, 602‐739, Busan, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M‐B. Kim M‐B. Kim Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University, School of Medicine, 1‐10 Ami‐dong, Seo‐gu, Busan, 602‐739, Busan, Korea Correspondence: M‐B. Kim. E‐mail: drkmp@hanmail.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 3, 1 September 2007, Pages 612–614, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07967.x Published: 01 September 2007
KV2.1 channels mediate hypoxic inhibition of IKV in native pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells of the rat
Authors: Dayle S Hogg, Andrew R.L Davies, Gordon McMurray, Roland Z Kozlowski
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Objective: To determine whether, in native pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC), KV2.1 delayed-rectifying K+ channels are central to the process of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Methods: In this study, we tested for the presence of KV2.1 channel transcripts in rat small pulmonary arteries using RT-PCR, and for the protein itself using immunolocalisation. The contribution of KV2.1 channels to whole-cell KV currents (IKV) and their role in hypoxic inhibition of IKV in native PASMC was investigated utilising patch-clamp recordings. Results: KV2.1 mRNA expression and AbKV2.1 (anti-KV2.1 antibody) protein immunoreactivity were both present in small pulmonary arteries. Dialysis of PASMC with AbKV2.1 significantly attenuated IKV by 67% at +50 mV. Hypoxia (∼20–30 mmHg) inhibited IKV by ∼70% at +50 mV. Ablation of currents associated with KV2.1 using AbKV2.1 caused a marked reduction in the amplitude of IKV. Hypoxia in the presence of the antibody did not affect the magnitude of IKV. Conclusions: These results indicate that KV2.1 channel subunits exist within small pulmonary arteries and conduct a significant part of IKV within native PASMC. Furthermore, application of AbKV2.1 abolishes hypoxic inhibition of IKV in native PASMC suggesting that KV2.1 channels play a pivotal role in mediating hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
Self-made Martyrdom?
Authors: W. B. Mumford
Journal: BMJ (1964)

A case is reported of a 46 year old woman who died after a five month illness characterized by focal neurological signs, evidence of meningeal irritation, and the finding of `blast9 cells in the CSF. Immunoglobulin A was consistently absent from her serum and secretions. Necropsy showed extensive infiltration by a reticulum-cell sarcoma of the subarachnoid space, with tumour nodules on several cranial nerves and tumour infiltration of the tuber cinereum. The significance of the association between immunoglobulin A deficiency and neoplasia is discussed.
Kinetics of Ascites and Edema Mobilization.
Authors: Leroy Shear
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Kinetics of Ascites and Edema Mobilization.Leroy Shear, M.D., Santiago Ching, M.D., George J. Gabuzda, M.D.Leroy Shear, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Santiago Ching, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, George J. Gabuzda, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1071_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRates of ascitic fluid absorption and edema mobilization were measured in patients with hepatic cirrhosis who were undergoing spontaneous or drug-induced diuresis. Ascites absorption rate was determined from the difference between two separate measurements of ascites volume. This was compared with the simultaneous rate of weight loss, which approximated total body fluid loss over the relatively short time intervals utilized. Ascites volume was determined from dilution of intraperitoneally injected radioactive iodinated serum albumin. Repeated measurements in eight patients with stable body weight demonstrated the method was accurate to ±2%. During spontaneous diuresis in seven patients, ascites absorption averaged 202 ml/24... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Leroy Shear, M.D.; Santiago Ching, M.D.; George J. Gabuzda, M.D.Affiliations: Cleveland, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1071-1071KeywordsAscitesBody fluidsBody weightCirrhosisDrug absorptionDrugsEdemaSerum albuminWeight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
STABLE PARAMAGNETIC COMPLEXES AS INTRAVENOUS CONTRAST AGENTS FOR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (NMR)
Authors: V. M. Runge, J. A. Clanton, M. A. Foster, C. L. Partain, A. E. James
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Runge, V. M.; Clanton, J. A.; Foster, M. A.; Partain, C. L.; James, A. E. Jr. Author Information
Public Funds and the Injured Motorcyclist
Authors: Andrew A. Vernon
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  The article by Bray et al 1 concerning payment of hospitalization costs for motorcycle injuries addresses an important issue in public health, and I applaud the authors for their effort. Since motorcycles are an inexpensive form of transportation with special appeal for young, risk-taking males, it is not surprising that injured cyclists prove to have low rates of insurance and high reliance on public funds. Documentation of this fact is important if policy is to be influenced.  After reading this BRIEF REPORT, however, I wished to comment on several issues it raises. First, and most important, the role of alcohol was not emphasized sufficiently. The fact that between 16 and 38 (31% to 75% ) of 51 drivers were legally intoxicated at the time of hospital admission is consistent with the belief that alcohol is a potent risk factor in motorcycle injury. Compared with automobiles, motorcycles are unforgiving
Outcome of clinical versus genetic family screening in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with focus on cardiac beta-myosin gene mutations Prediction of clinical status—is molecular genetics a new tool for the management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in clinical practice?
Authors: C Hengstenberg
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

See article by Havndrup et al. [1] ( pages 347 -357) inhigh incidence of SCD (in the MYH7 (b myosin heavy this issue.chain gene) and in the TNNT2 (cardiac troponin T gene)) whereas others appear to have a more 'benign' course [8,9]. . IntroductionTherefore, for both the patient and the doctor, there is a clear need to have a tool in hand: (1) to estimate the During the last decade, there was a major breakthrough patient's risk for SCD and with it the patient's prognosis; in the molecular genetics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(2) to evaluate HCM relatives pre-symptomatically; and (HCM) and a total of nine genes could be identified to(3) to examine molecular testing as diagnostic (or even cause HCM (for review see [2]).Since all of these genes potentially as prenatal) tool.In these respects, several code for sarcomeric proteins, it has been hypothesised that conventional cardiological methods (such as ECG, stress HCM is a disease of the sarcomere [3].The abnormal ECG, Holter monitoring, invasive electrophysiological function of the sarcomere is, thus, the primary and examination, etc.) have been examined and proven to be of hypertrophy of the myocardium the secondary abnormality limited value [7,10].[4,5].In this issue, Havndrup et al. report on the role of However, HCM exposes phenotypic heterogeneity molecular genetics as a medical tool in clinical practice.which means that with a certain gene mutation (e.g. aThe authors support this new tool for a better diagnosis mutation in the b-MHC gene), there is a wide range of and for an improved management of both, HCM patients clinical features, such as a variable degree of LV hy-and their families [1].Sixty-eight index cases with HCM pertrophy, a variable age of onset, and a variable degree of were investigated and of the MYH7 gene the exons 3-23 risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) [6].Furthermore, the (where almost all mutations are located) were screened for risk for SCD is probably not directly related to the extent mutations.Eight different mutations were found in nine or the severity of LV hypertrophy [7].Interestingly, index cases (13% of all 68 HCM patients), and the accumulating data support the role of the genetic hetero-mutations were associated with an adverse prognosis.A geneity (different genes, different mutations) to explain, at total of 327 relatives of index patients were then investileast in part, the phenotypic heterogeneity of the disease.gated using both, conventional cardiological tools and Some mutations have been associated with particularly molecular genetic testing.A comparison of the clinical and the genetic examinations was performed.Conventional cardiological examination was characterised by both, a low positive and a low negative predictive value.In contrast,
Prevalence of variant CJD in the UK
Authors: M. Pocchiari
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The limited number of cases and diagnostic problems make accurate measurement difficult

The number of cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) in the United Kingdom has decreased since 2000,1 but controversy remains about how many people carry the infectious agent and will eventually develop disease. In the linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.b1442), Clewley and colleagues add to the debate by assessing 63 007 pairs of tonsils for the only available marker of prion disease—the pathological, partially protease resistant, prion protein.2 Although more than half of the samples came from people born between 1961 and 1995, when the risk of exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) infection was high, no convincingly positive tonsil specimens were detected. The study estimates that the prevalence of vCJD in the British population is zero, but with a large confidence interval of 0 to 113 per million.

This result agrees with one UK survey of 2000 tonsil specimens,3 but it differs from another survey of 1427 tonsils and 11 247appendices, which found that more than 10 000 people were incubating the disease.4 However, despite the discrepancy, the 95% confidence intervals …
Vesico-ureteric Reflux after Renal Transplantation
Authors: S. J. A. Powis, A. D. Barnes, P. Dawson-Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The uretero-vesical junction has been examined by micturating cystography in 20 patients after renal transplantation. Intravenous pyelograms were used to investigate the upper urinary tract in 13 of the patients. Persistent urinary infection did not occur in patients without vesico-ureteric reflux. However, both those with reflux of their own and the transplant ureters had persistent infection. When reflux affected the tunnelled transplanted ureter there was no infection, but two patients without a tunnel implant had a persistent urinary infection.
Comparison of Review Articles Published in Peer-Reviewed and Throwaway Journals
Authors: Paula A. Rochon
Journal: JAMA (2002)

To compare the quality, presentation, readability, and clinical relevance of review articles published in peer-reviewed and "throwaway" journals.We reviewed articles that focused on the diagnosis or treatment of a medical condition published between January 1 and December 31, 1998, in the 5 leading peer-reviewed general medical journals and high-circulation throwaway journals. Reviewers independently assessed the methodologic and reporting quality, and evaluated each article's presentation and readability. Clinical relevance was evaluated independently by 6 physicians.Of the 394 articles in our sample, 16 (4.1%) were peer-reviewed systematic reviews, 135 (34.3%) were peer-reviewed nonsystematic reviews, and 243 (61.7%) were nonsystematic reviews published in throwaway journals. The mean (SD) quality scores were highest for peer-reviewed articles (0.94 [0.09] for systematic reviews and 0.30 [0.19] for nonsystematic reviews) compared with throwaway journal articles (0.23 [0.03], F(2,391) = 280.8, P<.001). Throwaway journal articles used more tables (P =.02), figures (P =.01), photographs (P<.001), color (P<.001), and larger font sizes (P<.001) compared with peer-reviewed articles. Readability scores were more often in the college or higher range for peer-reviewed journals compared with the throwaway journal articles (104 [77.0%] vs 156 [64.2%]; P =.01). Peer-reviewed article titles were judged less relevant to clinical practice than throwaway journal article titles (P<.001).Although lower in methodologic and reporting quality, review articles published in throwaway journals have characteristics that appeal to physician readers.
Resolution of peanut allergy following bone marrow transplantation for primary immunodeficiency
Authors: J. O'B Hourihane, H. L. Rhodes, A. M. Jones, P. Veys, G. J. Connett
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Peanut allergy is a severe and life‐threatening form of food allergy. Treatments are being developed but the mainstays of current management remain avoidance of peanut and appropriate use of rescue medication. We report the case of a boy with peanut allergy who required a bone marrow transplant (BMT) for combined immunodeficiency. A food challenge, 2 years after transplant, showed that his peanut allergy had resolved. Allergic disorders constitute a form of immune deviation and while we do not advocate BMT as a treatment for peanut allergy, we believe this case provides an insight into the basic mechanisms involved in food allergy.
Assessing complement blockade in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria receiving eculizumab
Authors: Régis Peffault de Latour, Véronique Fremeaux-Bacchi, Raphaël Porcher, Aliénor Xhaard, Jérémie Rosain, Diana Cadena Castaneda, Paula Vieira-Martins, Stéphane Roncelin, Paula Rodriguez-Otero, Aurélie Plessier, Flore Sicre de Fontbrune, Sarah Abbes, Marie Robin, Gérard Socié
Journal: Blood (2014)