tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of customised dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses for aiding return to sport after lumbopelvic injury
Authors: L Sawle, M Mathews, J Freeman, J Marsden
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The aim was to evaluate effectiveness of a customised dynamic elastomeric fabric orthosis (DEFO) in aiding return to sport after lumbopelvic injury. Relevance: athletic lumbopelvic dysfunction (LPD) is a common problem. Pelvic belts have been used in the management of LPD, but with limited success. The authors designed a DEFO to aid LPD management and evaluated its effectiveness using a series of single case studies. Participants were one female and two male athletes, experiencing LPD during sport or at rest were recruited from local gyms and sports clubs. Three single case studies (AB design) with a randomised onset of intervention. Fifteen daily assessments were undertaken, with at least six during each phase. In the intervention phase participants wore the DEFO during pain-provoking activities. Measures were self-reported pain (Numerical Rating Scale): at rest, during resisted bilateral hip adduction, an active straight leg raise and a broad jump. Maximal resisted hip adduction was measured via a load cell. In each phase measures were repeated twice, separated by a 10-min rest. At baseline regular shorts were worn during both tests; during the intervention phase participants first wore the regular shorts and then the DEFO. Training diaries were kept. At 1 month participants were retested and completed a questionnaire about DEFO use. Visual analysis of trend, level and slope was undertaken on all data. Mean (±2 SD) was plotted for force data and pain scores, preceded by celeration lines. In two cases, force production significantly increased during the intervention phase. In all cases, during intervention, pain scores significantly reduced for all activities. Questionnaire data and diaries indicated enhanced sports participation with DEFO use. Preliminary evidence is provided supporting the use of this customised DEFO to aid the management of athletic lumbopelvic pain. This orthosis may support physiotherapeutic management of athletic LPD. Further work examining its impact on performance is required.
A prospective study of the risk of an immediate adverse reaction to protamine sulfate during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery
Authors: John M. Weiler, Melanie A. Gellhaus, James G. Carter, Ronald L. Meng, Patricia M. Benson, Rachel A. Hottel, Kay B. Schillig, Arthur B. Vegh, William R. Clarke
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1990)
Activation of long-term memory by alpha oscillations in a working-memory task?
Authors: Wolfgang Klimesch, Bärbel Schack
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

We focus on the functional specificity of theta and alpha oscillations and show that theta is related to working memory, whereas alpha is related to semantic long-term memory. Recent studies, however, indicate that alpha oscillations also play an important role during short-term memory retention and retrieval. This latter finding provides support for the basic hypothesis suggested by Ruchkin et al.
Using personal health information in medical research
Authors: Tom Walley
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Objectives</h3> In the current context of increasing population ageing and after trends of labour market flexibilisation, this study analyses the impact of labour trajectories on the potential years of working life lost (PYWLL) due to non-work related permanent disability (PD). <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective cohort of 14,999 workers affiliated with the Social Security System in Spain that began a non-work related PD between 2004 and 2010. The PYWLL is defined as the time in years between the age at which a worker initiates a PD and the official retirement age (65 years) or the age of reinstatement to a job. Two indexes of labour trajectory were obtained by Principal Components Analysis: Index 1 (number of contracts, number of unemployment periods and number of periods without affiliation) and Index 2 (percentage of inactive time). Median differences in PYWLL (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95%) were computed using a median regression. The main independent variable was obtained combining tertiles (low, medium, high) of index 1 and 2 ((Index 1, Index 2): (high, high), (high, low), [3DOTS], (low, low)) with category (low, low) as reference. Analysis were stratified by gender and adjusted by the total time elapsed by each worker in the labour trajectory. <h3>Results</h3> The median PYWLL was 8.7 for men and 11.0 for women. The greatest crude MD was for category (high, high) for men (MD:4.70, CI95%:3.88, 5.52) and (medium, high) for women (MD:4.09, CI95%:2.93, 5.25). The greatest adjusted difference in medians was for category (high, high) in men (MD:3.05, CI95%:2.64, 3.47) and in women (MD:3.68, CI95%:2.57, 4.68). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Workers with a labour trajectory corresponding to the highest indexes have the greatest loss of PYWLL due to non-work related PD. Greater labour market flexibilisation could mean a major loss of working years and therefore an advancement of age of disability in the coming years.
Efficacy and safety of leuprorelin in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (JASMITT study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Masahisa Katsuno, Haruhiko Banno, Keisuke Suzuki, Yu Takeuchi, Motoshi Kawashima, Ichiro Yabe, Hidenao Sasaki, Masashi Aoki, Mitsuya Morita, Imaharu Nakano, Kazuaki Kanai, Shoichi Ito, Kinya Ishikawa, Hidehiro Mizusawa, Tomotaka Yamamoto, Shoji Tsuji, Kazuko Hasegawa, Takayoshi Shimohata, Masatoyo Nishizawa, Hiroaki Miyajima, Fumio Kanda, Yasuhiro Watanabe, Kenji Nakashima, Akira Tsujino, Taro Yamashita, Makoto Uchino, Yasushi Fujimoto, Fumiaki Tanaka, Gen Sobue
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2010)
Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia following treatment of testicular cancer and gastric cancer with combination chemotherapy not including alkylating agents: Report of two cases
Authors: Jens Pedersen‐Bjergaard, Mikael Rørth, Søren Avnstrøm, Preben Philip, Klaus Hou‐Jensen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia following combination chemotherapy not including alkylating agents or radiotherapy was observed in one patient treated for testicular cancer and in another treated for gastric cancer. Both patients presented clinical, cytologic, and cytogenetic findings uncharacteristic for secondary acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. It is discussed whether these two cases of leukemia indicate a risk of secondary leukemia following chemotherapy with cisplatinum and adriamycin.
A “One Health” Approach to Address Emerging Zoonoses: The HALI Project in Tanzania
Authors: Jonna A. K. Mazet, Deana L. Clifford, Peter B. Coppolillo, Anil B. Deolalikar, Jon D. Erickson, Rudovick R. Kazwala
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

Jonna Mazet and colleagues describe their work in the Tanzania-based HALI Project, which adopts the "One Health" approach to address emerging zoonoses and that recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.
Bringing information to life
Authors: B. Woods
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The statistic is starkly presented: one in every 130 people visiting this exhibition will develop Alzheimer's disease at some point in their lives. With such telling facts, the displays seek to engage the visitor in the latest findings from the rapidly growing amount of research on Alzheimer's. The emphasis is on big medical science—the unfolding of the genetic factors, the makeup and significance of plaques and tangles, the possible risk factors, and the various types of high tech brain imaging available for research into the disease. As a backdrop, however, there is constantly playing a short series of extracts from videotaped interviews with relatives …
Adiponectin and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Naveed Sattar, Goya Wannamethee, Nadeem Sarwar, Julia Tchernova, Lynne Cherry, A. Michael Wallace, John Danesh, Peter H. Whincup
Journal: Circulation (2006)

There is uncertainty about the association between circulating concentrations of adiponectin and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. We report new data from a prospective study in the context of a meta-analysis of previously published prospective studies.We measured baseline adiponectin levels in stored serum samples of 589 men with fatal CHD or nonfatal myocardial infarction and in 1231 controls nested within a prospective study of 5661 men (aged 40 to 59 years) recruited during 1978-1980, as well as in paired samples obtained 4 years apart from 221 of these participants. Baseline adiponectin concentrations correlated (P < 0.0001) positively with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.33) and inversely with C-reactive protein (r = -0.11) and BMI (r = -0.21), and the year-to-year consistency of adiponectin values was comparable to those of blood pressure and total cholesterol levels. No significant difference between median adiponectin levels at baseline was observed between cases and controls (10.2 versus 10.8 microg/mL; P = 0.5), despite the fact that body mass index, HDL, and C-reactive protein were all significant predictors of events in this cohort. The odds ratio for CHD was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.67 to 1.18) in a comparison of men in the top third of adiponectin concentrations compared with those in the bottom third, similar to a meta-analysis (including the present study) of 7 prospective studies involving a total of 1318 CHD cases (odds ratio, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.70 to 1.01]).In contrast to the strong associations previously reported between adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes, any association with CHD risk is comparatively moderate and requires further investigation.
Effect of l-arginine on intestinal water and sodium absorption
Authors: C D HOLDSWORTH, M D HELLIER
Journal: Gut (1997)

Editor,—Wapnir et al ( Gut 1997; 40 :602–7) reported interesting observations on the effect of l-arginine in low concentrations on intestinal water and sodium absorption from rat jejunum, in experiments which they carried out to determine the possible proabsorptive effect of this amino acid if included in oral rehydration solutions. Their results, showing that perfusion of very low concentrations of arginine stimulated sodium and water absorption, but higher concentrations had the reverse effect, recalled to mind observations we made many years ago in the course of a systematic study of the effect of amino acids on sodium and water absorption in human jejunum.1 

In double lumen intestinal …
Evidence for, and predictions from, forward modeling in language production
Authors: F.-Xavier Alario, Carlos M. Hamamé
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Pickering &amp; Garrod (P&amp;G) put forward the interesting idea that language production relies on forward modeling operating at multiple processing levels. The evidence currently available to substantiate this idea mostly concerns sensorimotor processes and not more abstract linguistic levels (e.g., syntax, semantics, phonology). The predictions that follow from the claim seem too general, in their current form, to guide specific empirical tests.
Cohort study of predictive value of urinary albumin excretion for atherosclerotic vascular disease in patients with insulin dependent diabetes
Authors: T. Deckert, H. Yokoyama, E. Mathiesen, B. Ronn, T. Jensen, B. Feldt-Rasmussen, K. Borch-Johnsen, J. S. Jensen
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To examine whether slightly elevated urinary albumin excretion precedes development of atherosclerotic vascular disease in patients with insulin dependent diabetes independently of conventional atherogenic risk factors and of diabetic nephropathy.Cohort study with 11 year follow up.Diabetes centre in Denmark.259 patients aged 19-51 with insulin dependent diabetes of 6-34 years' duration and without atherosclerotic vascular disease or diabetic nephropathy at baseline.Baseline variables: urinary albumin excretion, blood pressure, smoking habits, and serum concentrations of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, sialic acid, and von Willebrand factor.atherosclerotic vascular disease assessed by death certificates, mailed questionnaires, and hospital records.Thirty patients developed atherosclerotic vascular disease during follow up of 2457 person year. Elevated urinary albumin excretion was significantly predictive of atherosclerotic vascular disease (hazard ratio 1.06 (95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.18) per 5 mg increase in 24 hour urinary albumin excretion, P = 0.002). Predictive effect was independent of age; sex; blood pressure; smoking; serum concentrations of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, sialic acid, and von Willebrand factor; level of haemoglobin A(lc); insulin dose, duration of diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy (hazard ratio 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) per 5 mg increase
Role of Coronary Artery Disease and Collateral Circulation in Redistribution of Thallium-201
Authors: RICHARD COOPER, SAVITA PURI, CHARLES K. FRANCIS, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

A total of 19 patients had myocardial perfusion imaging with thallium-201 thallous chloride (Tl-201) immediately after maximal treadmill exercise and 4–6 hours later (redistribution). They also were given rest–stress EKGs and coronary angiograms as part of an evaluation of coronary artery disease. Twenty-six defects were seen on initial postexercise scans in the 19 patients. Of these, 20 were in the region of noninfarcted myocardium and six were in zones of previous myocardial infarction (diagnosis based on the resting EKG). Of the 20 defects in noninfarcted myocardium, 12 were associated with significant obstruction (> 75%) of regional coronary vessels. The remaining eight had normal coronary arteries or ≤ 75% occlusion. Of the 12 defects with significant disease of coronary vessels, eight showed redistribution of Tl-201; there were functional collaterals to the involved vessels in all of these defects. Of the six defects in the region of prior myocardial infarction, no redistribution of Tl-201 was seen in five (one showed only partial redistribution). In this group, the incidence of collateral circulation was similar to that in noninfarcted myocardial cases. A significant association exists between redistribution of Tl-201 and absence of severe obstruction, or the presence of vessel disease, but with functional collaterals to the involved areas in patients with transient myocardial ischemia. Collaterals do not appear to influence redistribution of Tl-201 in zones of myocardial infarction.
Diagnostic Decision: The Utility of Routine Chest Radiographs
Authors: THOMAS G. TAPE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Although admission and preoperative chest radiography has been done for many years in various settings, existing data do not support its utility in enhancing patient care. Calculations based on estimates of the accuracy of chest radiographs and the likelihood of disease suggest that routine chest radiography may result in many more misleading than helpful results. Patients in whom chest radiographs are likely to improve outcome are best identified by a careful history and physical examination. We recommend that the practice of doing routine chest radiographs on admission and preoperatively be stopped and that the procedure be reserved for patients with clinical evidence of chest disease and patients having intrathoracic surgery.
Comparison of FEV<sub>1</sub> and specific airway conductance in assessing airway response to occupational agents
Authors: A. Larbanois, J.‐P. Delwiche, J. Jamart, O. Vandenplas
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: There is theoretical evidence that specific airway conductance (SGaw) could be more reliable than forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) for assessing changes in airway calibre. We investigated the changes in FEV 1 and SGaw when assessing bronchial responses to occupational agents. Methods: SGaw and FEV 1 were measured during inhalation challenges with various occupational agents in 174 consecutive subjects investigated for possible occupational asthma. Results: A decline in SGaw of 50% or greater was documented in 77 of 90 subjects (86%) who showed a ≥20% fall in FEV 1 and in 11 of 84 subjects (13%) who failed to demonstrate such a fall in FEV 1 . Among subjects who developed a ≥20% fall in FEV 1 , those who failed to develop a ≥50% decline in SGaw had a lower baseline SGaw than those who did. Among the group without a ≥20% fall in FEV 1 , a ≥50% decrease in SGaw was associated with either an ‘intermediate’ fall in FEV 1 (between 15 and 17% from baseline value) ( n = 4), a significant postchallenge increase in nonspecific bronchial hyper‐responsiveness to histamine ( n = 2), or both features ( n = 3). Conclusions: A decline in SGaw of 50% or greater may provide useful complementary evidence of a bronchial response during challenges that produce equivocal results in FEV 1 .
Physicians Disciplined for Sex-Related Offenses
Authors: Christine E. Dehlendorf
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—Physicians who abuse their patients sexually cause immense harm, and, therefore, the discipline of physicians who commit any sex-related offenses is an important public health issue that should be examined.Objectives.—To determine the frequency and severity of discipline against physicians who commit sex-related offenses and to describe the characteristics of these physicians.Design and Setting.—Analysis of sex-related orders from a national database of disciplinary orders taken by state medical boards and federal agencies.Subjects.—A total of 761 physicians disciplined for sex-related offenses from 1981 through 1996.Main Outcome Measures.—Rate and severity of discipline over time for sex-related offenses and specialty, age, and board certification status of disciplined physicians.Results.—The number of physicians disciplined per year for sex-related offenses increased from 42 in 1989 to 147 in 1996, and the proportion of all disciplinary orders that were sex related increased from 2.1% in 1989 to 4.4% in 1996 (P&lt;.001 for trend). Discipline for sex-related offenses was significantly more severe (P&lt;.001) than for non–sex-related offenses, with 71.9% of sex-related orders involving revocation, surrender, or suspension of medical license. Of 761 physicians disciplined, the offenses committed by 567 (75%) involved patients, including sexual intercourse, rape, sexual molestation, and sexual favors for drugs. As of March 1997, 216 physicians (39.9%) disciplined for sex-related offenses between 1981 and 1994 were licensed to practice. Compared with all physicians, physicians disciplined for sex-related offenses were more likely to practice in the specialties of psychiatry, child psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology, and family and general practice (all P&lt;.001) than in other specialties and were older than the national physician population, but were no different in terms of board certification status.Conclusions.—Discipline against physicians for sex-related offenses is increasing over time and is relatively severe, although few physicians are disciplined for sexual offenses each year. In addition, a substantial proportion of physicians disciplined for these offenses are allowed to either continue to practice or return to practice.
Patient Satisfaction, Prescription Drug Abuse, and Potential Unintended Consequences
Authors: Aleksandra Zgierska, Michael Miller, David Rabago
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interpreting the results of secondary end points and subgroup analyses in clinical trials: should we lock the crazy aunt in the attic?
Authors: N. Freemantle
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Hematopoietic differentiation is controlled by both genetic and epigenetic regulators. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be important for normal hematopoiesis, but their function in erythropoiesis needs to be further explored. We profiled the transcriptomes of 16 murine hematopoietic cell populations by deep RNA-sequencing and identified a novel lncRNA, <i>Gm15915</i>, that was highly expressed in erythroid-related progenitors and erythrocytes. For this reason, we named it <i>lncEry</i>. We also identified a novel <i>lncEry</i> isoform, which was also the principal transcript that has not been reported before. <i>LncEry</i> depletion impaired erythropoiesis, indicating the important role of the lncRNA in regulating erythroid differentiation and maturation. Mechanistically, we found that <i>lncEry</i> interacted with WD repeat-containing protein 82 (WDR82) to promote the transcription of <i>Klf1</i> and globin genes and thus control the early and late stages of erythropoiesis, respectively. These findings identified <i>lncEry</i> as an important player in the transcriptional regulation of erythropoiesis.
Sources of Medical Morals
Authors: Richard Thomas Barton
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Rather than go through a long list of rights and wrongs as they pertain to medical practice, I am going to outline the genealogy of  and its ethical codes, and then sketch the philosophical sources of ethics in order to demonstrate the influence of the natural-law theory and the pragmatic and empirical theories on moral discipline. My purpose is to show the thinking behind today's moral issues and to present some guidelines.  History of Ethical Codes  Let us begin with the time-line seen in Fig 1. In the earliest periods of man's history, the shaman was the tribal leader who usually represented the mayor, the policeman, the priest, and the physician combined in one entity against a background of superstition and mysticism. From this shamanism of the most primitive cultural groups gradually developed a physician-priest or medicine man who was the decision-maker and healer of the community, while the
An Open Letter to NASA
Authors: Theodore Scott Vergith
Journal: JAMA (1984)

In October 1983, James Watt made his now infamous remark concerning a federal coal-leasing commission composed of a black, a Jew, two women, and a cripple. As a quadriplegic physician, my initial reaction was similar to those of many other Americans: I was mildly offended yet pleased to know that such a diverse group of people was participating in the democratic process. I was most disturbed by the reference to a disabled person as a cripple. It is tough enough to resume useful work when friends and colleagues are doing their best to help you. How tough would it be if your associates merely tolerated you? After having time to reflect on the subject, I began to find Watt's remarks less offensive and actually inspirational. It occurred to me that America's pride, the space shuttle, has been shared by black Americans, female Americans, and even the people of West Germany.