tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Severe neutropenia associated with IgG2 subclass deficiency and bone marrow T-lymphocyte infiltration
Authors: K. Lassoued, E. Oksenhendler, J.P. Lambin, D. Cazals-Hatem, J.P. Clauvel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Patients with selective IgG2 subclass deficiency (IgG2 SD) usually suffer from recurrent respiratory infections. The occurrence of cytopenia is extremely rare in these patients. We report on two patients with isolated IgG2 SD who experienced unexplained severe neutropenia associated with T-lymphocyte proliferation. IgG2 SD clearly preceded the occurrence of neutropenia in one patient. In the other patient, the long-standing history of recurrent respiratory infections prior to diagnosis of agranulocytosis suggests that IgG2 SD also preceded the occurrence of neutropenia. Analysis of bone marrow biopsy in both patients and skin tissue lesions in one patient showed massive infiltration with CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. The pathological feature did not suggest any malignant lymphoproliferative disorder. Neutropenia was refractory to i.v. Ig in both patients and to recombinant G-CSF, steroids, and cyclophosphamide in one patient. Severe cellulitis led to death in one patient. In summary, we reported herein a heretofore undescribed syndrome characterized by the association of IgG2 SD with severe neutropenia and tissue T-cell infiltration. It suggests that bone marrow analysis as well as determination of serum IgG subclasses need to be performed in patients with unexplained neutropenia. Am. J. Hematol. 57:241–244, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Formation of a New Socket for an Artificial Eye
Authors: Alex. Ogston
Journal: BMJ (1894)

orpased beyond this point, as the drug then produced sickness.Since 35guains wure given it bad aused slight headache.Improvement was very rapid.The special nurse was not required after forty-eight hours By January 7th the pa i ent was so far recovered as to be able to sit by tlhe fire.Movemeuts still persis ed, but they became very slight, and were con- fined to tbe i ight baLd at,d leg.After January 16th tbe drug was twie stopped for a cay owing to siVCDess, and on J,nuary 23rd the dose was reduced to 40 grains 'brice daily, and Easton's syrup was given.The dose of antipyrin wa then gradually further reduced.Slignt movement of the rigot hand persisted for some time, but this also finhlly disap-Poared.8he was cismissed quite well on March .th, 1893.Did space permit mDny other similar cases, inwhichequally good results were obtained, might be quoted, but the above may be taken as fair samples of the whole; and I may sum up my experience in the tollowing aphorisms:1. Antipyrin is not the dangerous drug which some observers have led us to suppose.2..It may be given withi safety in large doses, even in the case of children, in most cases, although the injitial dose must be small, and it must be slowly and cautious]y in- creased, the patient always beinng carefully supervfsed.3. In large doses it often yields burprisingly good results, and in chorea it is the only medicine from which cures may confidently be anticipated.
Fibrosis and Mortality in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy—Reply
Authors: Ankur Gulati, Tevfik F. Ismail, Sanjay K. Prasad
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Short-acting calcium antagonist clevidipine protects against reperfusion injury via local nitric oxide-related mechanisms in the jeopardised myocardium
Authors: A Gourine
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Calcium antagonists may, in addition to their classical actions, release nitric oxide (NO) from coronary arteries. The aim of this study was to elucidate the possible interaction between the cardioprotective effect of a short-acting calcium antagonist and NO during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion.Anaesthetised pigs were subjected to 45 min ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by 4 h of reperfusion. Five groups were given vehicle (n=9), clevidipine (n=8), the NO synthase inhibitor L-NMMA (n=6), clevidipine in combination with L-NMMA (n=6) or clevidipine in combination with L-NMMA and NO precursor L-arginine (n=6) into the LAD during the last 10 min of ischaemia and the first 5 min of reperfusion.There were no significant differences in LAD blood flow, mean arterial pressure, rate-pressure product or dP/dt between the groups before ischaemia or during reperfusion. The infarct size (IS) was 86+/-2% of the area at risk in the vehicle group. Clevidipine reduced the IS to 59+/-3% (P<0.001). When clevidipine was administered together with L-NMMA, the protective effect of clevidipine was abolished (IS, 87+/-3%; P<0.001 vs. clevidipine), whereas addition of L-arginine restored its cardioprotective effect (IS 60+/-3%; P<0.001 vs. vehicle). L-NMMA did not affect IS per se (88+/-5%). Endothelium-dependent coronary vasodilation induced by substance P was significantly larger in the clevidipine group than in the other groups.Local administration of a calcium antagonist during the late ischaemia and early reperfusion reduces IS and preserves coronary endothelial function. The cardioprotective effect of clevidipine is suggested to be dependent on maintained local bioavailability of NO.
US Health System Reform in the Early 21st Century
Authors: Eli Ginzberg
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New EU proposals ban communication of drug information through mass media
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The European Commission has tabled a revised proposal for EU-wide legislation on the information that pharmaceutical companies may give the public on prescription drugs. The draft rules take account of the views of the European parliament, which last autumn said that it believed that the original proposal presented in 2008 failed to distinguish strongly enough between information and advertising.

The latest text, which must be approved by the European parliament and European Union governments before it can come into force, maintains the current ban on advertising of prescription only drugs. It also defines the …
Randomised controlled trial needed to determine necessity of surgery for "atypical" breast lesions
Authors: N. Makretsov
Journal: BMJ (2012)

“Unnecessary surgery” as a possible harm from breast cancer screening needs to be elucidated.1 Many indeterminate or “atypical” breast lesions are found on breast core biopsy after abnormal results in screening mammography.

Most current recommendations assume that surgery …
Failure to spell out need for reform has led to health bill crisis, says former health secretary
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The government is in crisis over its Health and Social Care Bill because it didn’t make it clear enough what the proposed changes in policy are designed to achieve, says the Conservative MP and former health secretary Stephen Dorrell.

Mr Dorrell, who is currently chairman of the House of Commons health select committee, said that protests over the closure of some units of Chase Farm Hospital in Enfield, north London, were happening because of similar misunderstandings: no explanation had been given of why the closures were needed and what the positive results and alternatives were. He was speaking on 12 May at a meeting on preparing for commissioning organised by the health policy think tank the King’s Fund and the NHS Alliance, which represents primary care staff.

Mr Dorrell went on to define the problem facing the NHS: “There …
FIBROID TUMOR OF THE UTERUS; DIAGNOSIS.
Authors: FRANKLIN H. MARTIN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

A knowledge of the existence of a fibroid tumor of the uterus may be gained by the diagnostician by first obtaining the symptoms as appreciated by the patient, the subjective symptoms; and further by acquainting himself with the actual physical changes by direct personal examination of the patient, the objective symptoms. <h3>SUBJECTIVE SYMPTOMS.</h3><h3>Pelvic Symptoms.</h3> —Among the early local symptoms of fibroid tumors of the uterus may be enumerated an irritable bladder amounting frequently to positive dysurea; rectal pressure; sensation of pelvic fullness; low backache or sacralgia, and frequently pain on cohabitation. These symptoms are all produced by a gradually enlarging uterus, and resemble many of the pelvic disturbances of early pregnancy, from which they must be differentiated. As the tumor enlarges the sensation of fullness extends to the lower abdomen, the pressure on the nerves to the lower extremities causes pain in the line of the nerves on the
Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in pediatric sickle cell disease patients
Authors: Mark V. Zilberman, Wei Du, Srikant Das, Sharada A. Sarnaik
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Although cardiac involvement is common in adult sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, it is unknown when cardiac dysfunction appears in the course of SCD. Diastolic function has not been comprehensively analyzed in children with SCD. Thus, our aim was to evaluate diastolic function in pediatric SCD patients. Echocardiograms were performed in 156 (73 SC and 81 control) patients. Left ventricular and left atrial volumes, left ventricular mass, mitral inflow, and tissue Doppler indices (TDI) were obtained. The right ventricular pressures (RVP) were calculated. For each SCD patient, mean hemoglobin (Hb), fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels, and blood transfusion encounters were recorded. Data were analyzed using t ‐test, univariate and multivariate regression, and Spearman correlation analyses. SCD patients had significantly larger left ventricular and atrial volumes than controls. Mitral inflow velocities were significantly higher in the SCD group. Of 73 SCD subjects, 32 had left ventricular dilatation, 11 had hypertrophy, and 25 had elevated RVP. Left ventricular size was inversely related to Hb, but unrelated to HbF or age. The early mitral inflow velocity was correlated negatively with Hb and positively with left ventricular sizes. TDI indices did not differ between the SCD and control groups. They were unrelated to Hg, HgF, transfusion history, or ventricular size; however, Doppler indices of left ventricular stiffness were increased in SCD patients. Pediatric SCD patients demonstrate increased left ventricular stiffness, and a significant percentage of them have left ventricular hypertrophy. There are strong positive relations between left ventricular hypertrophy and right ventricular pressure in these patients. TDI should be employed in the evaluation of SCD patients. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of Thimerosal-Related Changes in Hepatitis B Vaccine Birth-Dose Recommendations on Childhood Vaccination Coverage
Authors: Elizabeth T. Luman
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextIn July 1999, the longstanding preference to begin hepatitis B vaccination of all US infants at birth was temporarily suspended because of concerns about exposure to mercury contained in the vaccine preservative thimerosal.The suspension was lifted in September 1999 when preservative-free hepatitis B vaccine became available.Objective To determine the effects of changes in recommendations regarding administration of a hepatitis B birth dose on vaccination coverage.Design, Setting, and Participants Cohort analysis of vaccination status of 41589 US children born before, during, and after the recommendation to suspend the birth dose.Main Outcome Measures Association between birth cohort and age at receipt of hepatitis B vaccine dose 1, and receipt by 19 months of age of all recommended vaccines. ResultsThe proportion of US infants who received dose 1 of hepatitis B vaccine at birth declined from 47% among those born 7 to 12 months before the suspension to 11% among those born during the suspension.Birth-dose coverage remained significantly lower in the year after the suspension was lifted (23% in the first 6 months and 33% in months 7-12).Coverage with 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine by 19 months of age declined from 88% among those born 7 to 12 months before the suspension to 81% among those born during the suspension and 85% among those born in the 6 months after the suspension, but returned to baseline levels for those born 7 to 12 months after the suspension was lifted.These reductions represent 750000 fewer newborns vaccinated during 2000 compared with 1998, and an excess 182000 children undervaccinated for hepatitis B at 19 months of age compared with 1998 coverage levels.Coverage with other recommended vaccinations did not decline over this time.Conclusions Reductions in hepatitis B vaccine birth-dose coverage persisted after recommendations were made to resume previous newborn vaccination practices.Although the recommendation to complete the series by 19 months of age was never changed, infants born between July and December 1999 were less likely to have completed the series by 19 months, compared with infants born during the previous year.The lack of impact on other vaccinations suggests that public confidence in immunization remained strong.
Proper Title of a Medical Officer of the Army.
Authors: Joseph B. Doe
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Groveland, Mass., May 4, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I notice in theJournalof February 1 an article entitled " Some Remarks about Asepsis in Military Service," read, etc., by Lieut.-Col. —. At first one would wonder what a military m an might know about asepsis, and although there is little of professional instruction contained in the paper, I infer that this Lieut.-Col. for some reason or other ignores his professional title. This craze makes me tired, Doctor. Time was when the honorable title of doctor would be considered an honor for a prince. In point of fact, there is to-day no more honorable title, and no good reason why physicians who respect their profession should be willing to exchange it for a complimentary military title. I send you a communication received recently from the Secretary of War. For the sake of the profession and to put a damper on bombast
Drug Therapy of Parkinsonism
Authors: Jan Koch-Weser, Joseph R. Bianchine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The introduction of levodopa, 3–4-dihydroxy-phenylalanine (Larodopa, Dopar), for the treatment of Parkinson's disease was followed by prompt and enthusiastic recognition of its remarkable therapeutic action in the majority of cases. The more recent introduction of levodopa "potentiators" — i.e., the dopa decarboxylase inhibitors — has further augmented the clinical value of levodopa.It is important to note that the early studies were performed by experts who slowly and carefully individualized treatment with levodopa to maximize therapeutic benefit realized by their patients. Only if similar careful attention is given to each patient is it likely that one will reconfirm the therapeutic . . .
Effects of ibuprofen on molecular markers of cartilage and synovium turnover in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: E Gineyts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ibuprofen on the urinary excretion of C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) and urinary glucosyl galactosyl pyridinoline (Glc-Gal-PYD), two new molecular markers of cartilage and synovial tissue metabolism, respectively, in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).We studied 201 patients with knee pain and radiographic evidence of knee OA who were on treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) prior to study initiation. After an initial screening visit, patients were withdrawn from their pre-study NSAID and, following a flare of their OA symptoms, were randomised to ibuprofen (2400 mg/day) or placebo. Urinary CTX-II and Glc-Gal-PYD levels were measured at time of randomisation (baseline) and after 4-6 weeks of treatment.After 4 to 6 weeks, urinary CTX-II (+17%, p = 0.023) and Glc-Gal-PYD (+10%, p = 0.020) increased significantly from baseline in the placebo group whereas marginal or no increase was observed in the ibuprofen group (CTX-II +2%, NS and Glc-Gal-PYD +4%, p = 0.045). For urinary CTX-II, the difference in the change from baseline between placebo and ibuprofen treated groups was significant (13%, p = 0.017). At baseline, urinary levels of CTX-II and Glc-Gal-PYD were higher in patients with knee swelling (n = 127) than in those without (n = 74) (p<0.02 for both markers). When patients were stratified according to presence or absence of knee swelling at baseline, the increases over 4-6 weeks of urinary CTX-II and Glc-Gal-PYD in the placebo group were restricted to patients with knee swelling (+22% from baseline, p = 0.001 and +12%, p = 0.011, for urinary CTX-II and Glc-Gal-PYD respectively). In patients with knee swelling who were treated with ibuprofen this increase was not observed and the difference from placebo was significant for urinary CTX-II (p = 0.014).In patients with a flare of knee OA, specifically in patients with evidence of joint inflammation documented by knee swelling, there was a significant increase in markers reflecting cartilage and synovium metabolism that could partly be prevented by high doses of ibuprofen. These data suggest that patients with a flare of knee OA are characterised by increased cartilage and synovial tissue degradation, which may be partly prevented by high doses of NSAIDs.
The effects on human gastric secretion of prolonged continuous intravenous infusions of maximal and supramaximal doses of histamine acid phosphate and pentagastrin
Authors: D. A. Aubrey
Journal: Gut (1970)

The effects of continuous intravenous infusions of `maximal9 and `supramaximal9 doses of histamine acid phosphate and pentagastrin were assessed in a normal human volunteer. The secretory patterns in respect of the two drugs were indistinguishable over two and a quarter hours. During the steady states of acid secretion, outputs of pepsin and of electrolytes were also constant. The output of acid during the first hour of the steady state is a valid measurement of the maximal secretory capacity. The constant output of pepsin during the steady state of acid secretion suggests that both drugs are true stimulants of pepsin secretion.
A NEW METHOD OF INFLATING THE STOMACH
Authors: STEWART LEWIS
Journal: JAMA (1910)

The method of inflating the stomach described below seems absurdly simple, yet I have found it of much practical value. <h3>Procedure.—</h3> The patient is placed on the examining table, the abdomen exposed, a towel arranged under the chin and a siphon of carbonated water rested on the shoulder with the nozzle at the patient's lips. These instructions are given: "I wish you to drink some of this carbonated water in order to get some gas into the stomach, which will swell it a little and help my examination. Please manage the siphon yourself; drink very slowly at first so as not to choke yourself and then drink as rapidly as you can. I will tell you when to stop." The average patient will thus take eight ounces or more without difficulty. In favorable cases even half this amount will bring the outline of the stomach clearly into view, while the
The changing face of refractive surgery
Authors: S. Shah
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Ametropia, when the eye needs corrective lenses to bring an image into focus, is common—and has been so for centuries. The Roman emperor Nero observed gladiator fights through an emerald to correct his ametropia. The presence of 1 dioptre (D) of refractive error reduces Snellen visual acuity to less than 6/12—that is, below the level needed to drive. More than half of all eyes have a refractive error of greater than 1D and 15% have an error greater than 2D.1 Although the vast majority of patients will continue to wear spectacles or contact lenses, the popularity of refractive surgery to correct ametropia continues to grow. So too does the variety of surgical techniques available to correct ametropia.

The factors exerting the greatest influence on refractive power are corneal curvature, the power of the lens, and axial length. The surgeon can thus act on the cornea or the natural lens with or without introducing artificial lenses. Assessing the best procedure for a particular refractive error is difficult because of the speed of change within this field. Most data come only from case series, and individual surgeons may also be limited by lack of experience in particular refractive techniques or by …
Trials of streptokinase in stroke depend on early, accurate diagnosis
Authors: K. W Muir
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—Paul Dorman and Peter Sandercock's survey of access to computed tomography provides scant reassurance to those with experience of trials of streptokinase in acute stroke.1 Randomised controlled trials (involving over 1200 patients) have provided ample evidence of the hazard of streptokinase in stroke. The availability of computed tomography is only a minor factor in the safe conduct of further trials. Despite computed tomography being carried out before treatment, intracerebral haemorrhage …
Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Gene Promoter Mutations Help Discern the Origin of Urogenital Tumors: A Genomic and Molecular Study
Authors: Song Wu, Peide Huang, Chong Li, Yi Huang, Xianxin Li, Yongqiang Wang, Chao Chen, Zhaojie Lv, Aifa Tang, Xiaojuan Sun, Jingxiao Lu, Weiping Li, Jie Zhou, Yaoting Gui, Fangjian Zhou, Daping Wang, Zhiming Cai
Journal: European Urology (2013)