tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract A59: Dixdc1 links the LKB1 tumor suppressor to Snail, noncanonical Wnt signaling, and metastasis
Authors: Jonathan M. Goodwin, Robert U. Svensson, David B. Shackelford, Monte M. Winslow, Reuben J. Shaw
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The kinase LKB1 is a tumor suppressor mutated in familial and sporadic human cancers, whose loss is uniquely coupled with metastatic progression. Although LKB1 controls growth and metabolism through phosphorylation of AMPK, it also phosphorylates the related MARK/ Par1 kinases, which play conserved roles in cell polarity and cytoskeletal dynamics. In a screen for novel targets of LKB1-dependent signals, we identified the scaffold protein DIXDC1 as a substrate of MARK1 which controls cell migration and invasion. DIXDC1 localizes to focal adhesions, and like LKB1, its depletion results in hyperactivation of focal adhesion kinase and subsequent increases in the EMT-transcription factors Snail and Slug. Depletion of LKB1 or DIXDC1 results in Snail-dependent induction of the noncanonical Wnt5a and Wnt5b, which are required for the increased invasive behavior of these cells. Studies on a panel of murine lung adenocarcinoma cell lines from defined stages of metastatic progression reveals that DIXDC1 depletion was sufficient to promote metastasis, while Wnt5a and Wnt5b are required for metastatic behavior in these cells. DIXDC1 is frequently downregulated in human cancers, and inversely correlates with Snail and Wnt5 family members expression. This study reveals the first downstream effector of LKB1 in tumor suppression that is independent of AMPK and identifies a novel signaling pathway that provides a molecular explanation for how LKB1 controls EMT and metastasis. Citation Format: Jonathan M. Goodwin, Robert U. Svensson, David B. Shackelford, Monte M. Winslow, Reuben J. Shaw. Dixdc1 links the LKB1 tumor suppressor to Snail, noncanonical Wnt signaling, and metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A59.
A Community-Wide Coxsackievirus A9 Outbreak
Authors: Alvin Novack
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Among members of 33 families, 37% had antibodies to coxsackievirus A9 before, and 93% after, an outbreak of this disease. In all, 88% of the susceptible members of this population converted, serologically. Rash was age related, being more frequent in the very young. Clinical illness was mild but expressed more often in the very young. Among 480 children less than 6 years of age who were bled in well-baby clinics after the epidemic, 58% were found to have coxsackievirus A9 antibodies. Coxsackievirus A9 was the most frequent cause of aseptic meningitis in the community during the epidemic period.
XANTHELASMA PALPEBRAEUM: A TUMOUR OF SEBACEOUS GLANDS.
Authors: EUGENE WOLFF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1951)

Journal Article XANTHELASMA PALPEBRAEUM: A TUMOUR OF SEBACEOUS GLANDS. Get access EUGENE WOLFF EUGENE WOLFF Institute of Ophthalmology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 63, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1951, Pages 296–301, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1951.tb13729.x Published: 01 August 1951
Pulsed ultraviolet laser irradiation produces endothelium-independent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle.
Authors: P G Steg, A J Rongione, D Gal, S T DeJesus, R H Clarke, J M Isner
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Recent studies have shown that continuous wave laser irradiation induces contraction of vascular smooth muscle, except at powers far below the threshold for tissue ablation. To determine the corresponding effects of pulsed laser irradiation on vascular smooth muscle tone, vascular rings of rabbit thoracic aorta were mounted isometrically with 1 g tension in Krebs-bicarbonate buffer and irradiated with 308 or 351 nm from an excimer laser through a 400-microns optical fiber. A total of 250 exposures were performed with 1-6.5 mJ/pulse (fluence = 0.8-5.5 J/cm2), 10-50 Hz, and cumulative exposures of 10-120 seconds. Excimer laser irradiation in combinations of pulse energy (PE), repetition rate (RR), and cumulative exposure below, at, or above threshold for tissue ablation consistently produced relaxation unassociated with contraction in each of the 250 exposures. For the total 250 exposures, the magnitude of relaxation (reduction in recorded tension, Rmax) was 55 +/- 4% (mean +/- SEM) of maximum vasomotor reactivity recorded in the specimen in response to administration of serotonin. Rmax varied directly with both PE and RR. When PE was increased from 1 to 5 mJ/pulse (n = 13), Rmax increased from 57 +/- 19% to 80 +/- 19% (p less than 0.0001); when RR was increased from 10 to 50 Hz (n = 10), Rmax increased from 27 +/- 8 to 46 +/- 8 (p less than 0.0001). Rmax varied independently of endothelial integrity (assessed anatomically and pharmacologically) and wavelength (308 vs. 351 nm). Simultaneously recorded tissue-temperature profiles disclosed that during pulsed laser irradiation, tissue temperature rise did not exceed 5 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT Ratio and Tp-e/QTc Ratio
Authors: Alptuğ Tokatlı, Tevfik Fikret İlgenli, Onur Akpınar, Fethi Kılıçaslan, Mehmet Uzun, Bekir Sıtkı Cebeci
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Sign in Gall-bladder Disease
Authors: R. Herrera-Llerandi
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MEDICBUAAL 559were inserted into the fossa navicularis, approximately 10 mm. from the exterior.It may be significant that the swabs were transported in our mycoplasma transport medium, which contains yeast extract and 20% unheated horse serum,3 and were not frozen.We have frequently isolated H.S.V. from cervical swabs transported in nutrient broth, but it is possible that a higher number of isolations of H.S.V. might be achieved by using a transport medium enriched with serum.-Weare, etc.,
Elevated HDL Cholesterol Is a Risk Factor for Ischemic Heart Disease in White Women When Caused by a Common Mutation in the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Gene
Authors: Birgit Agerholm-Larsen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Rolf Steffensen, Gorm Jensen, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The level of HDL cholesterol is inversely related to the risk of ischemic heart disease. Methods and Results —In 9168 women and men from a general population and 946 women and men with ischemic heart disease (all white), we tested the hypothesis that the Ile405Val mutation in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene ( CETP ) affects HDL cholesterol levels and the risk of ischemic heart disease. The relative frequencies of Ile/Ile, Ile/Val, and Val/Val carriers were 0.46, 0.43, and 0.11 for both women and men. Women with these 3 genotypes had mean HDL cholesterol levels of 1.68, 1.75, and 1.82 mmol/L, respectively ( P &lt;0.001, ANOVA), as well as a significant decrease in the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol ( P =0.002, ANOVA). On multiple logistic regression analysis, women not treated with hormone replacement therapy who were heterozygous or homozygous for Val405 had a 1.4-fold (95% CI 1.0 to 1.9) to 2.1-fold (95% CI 1.3 to 3.4) increase in the risk of ischemic heart disease. No significant associations were found in men. Conclusions —Increased HDL cholesterol levels caused by mutations in CETP are associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease in white women.
Drug points: Neonatal convulsions after withdrawal of baclofen
Authors: B D M Ratnayaka, H Dhaliwal, S Watkin
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Baclofen is a skeletal muscle relaxant used for the relief of chronic severe spasticity resulting from disorders such as multiple sclerosis or traumatic injury to the spinal cord. We report convulsions in a 7 day old girl who had been exposed to baclofen during intrauterine life.

A paraplegic mother had been taking baclofen 20 mg four times daily (Lioresal, Novartis, Surrey), oxybutanin 3 mg three times daily, and trimethoprim 100 mg daily, which she continued throughout her pregnancy. The pregnancy was uneventful, but the baby was …
Treatments for Osteoporosis — Looking beyond the HORIZON
Authors: Juliet Compston
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Bisphosphonates are an important option for the prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women. However, the complex instructions for the administration of oral bisphosphonates are inconvenient or unsuitable for many patients, and adherence to long-term therapy is poor.1 The introduction of oral regimens for administration once weekly and, recently, once monthly has been associated with improved tolerability for patients, although adherence remains suboptimal.2 The demonstration that once-yearly intravenous infusions of zoledronic acid produced a sustained reduction in bone turnover and increased bone mineral density raised the prospect that even less frequent administration and the hope of better adherence might be realized. . . .
Case 28-1961
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. Kibbee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

Presentation of Case A sixty-eight-year-old woman entered the hospital because of weakness of the left foot. One year previously she noticed dragging of the left foot when she walked. Subsequently, numbness of the right leg developed. During the three months before entry she had difficulty in voiding and experienced an aching pain below the left scapula, with radiation to the axilla and the anterior thorax, that was unaffected by respiration or movements of the neck. All the symptoms gradually increased in severity. Five years previously a combined abdominoperineal resection of an adenocarcinoma of the rectum and a colostomy were performed . . .
Training Too Many, Training Too Few
Authors: Samer Jabbour
Journal: JAMA (1996)

It was a Friday morning in June 1995, and my final day at the hospital where I had virtually lived for four years. I arrived there at 6AM, and by 10 I had visited my patients, joined in a meeting for quality improvement, and listened to the residents complain about coverage the previous night. As one of the departing chief medical residents, I was to deliver a graduation speech in the hospital's main auditorium. The ceremony was beginning in an hour, and I still had not translated all my ideas into words. There was much to say. I was among the first few exchange visitor international medical graduates (EVIMGs) to join the program and the first to have become a chief resident. I wanted my speech to capture the experiences that other EVIMGs and I had lived through during training. Despite our different backgrounds, we had confronted similar challenges
ULCERATIVE SYPHILID OF THE PHARYNX.
Authors: A. RAVOGLI
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Syphilis attacks the pharynx like any other organ, and cases have been reported in which the initial lesion was found in the upper pharynx, the infection, being communicated by means of the Eustachian catheter. In the secondary stage syphilis attacks the pharynx as a result of a specific erythema, which from the soft palate and the tonsils spreads to the surface, and sometimes it produces a catarrhal inflammation without characteristic specific symptoms. Mucous patches which we so frequently meet with on the tonsils, faucial pillars and soft palate, very rarely are found on the wall of the pharynx. Zeissler never saw a mucous patch on the pharynx, and in my experience I do not remember to have seen mucous patches on this region. Ulcerative syphilid affects the pharynx at an advanced secondary period. As the affection is not a common one, I find it worthy to be submitted to your
The plasticity of the grapevine berry transcriptome
Authors: Silvia Dal Santo, Giovanni Battista Tornielli, Sara Zenoni, Marianna Fasoli, Lorenzo Farina, Andrea Anesi, Flavia Guzzo, Massimo Delledonne, Mario Pezzotti
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Abstract Background Phenotypic plasticity refers to the range of phenotypes a single genotype can express as a function of its environment. These phenotypic variations are attributable to the effect of the environment on the expression and function of genes influencing plastic traits. We investigated phenotypic plasticity in grapevine by comparing the berry transcriptome in a single clone of the vegetatively-propagated common grapevine species Vitis vinifera cultivar Corvina through 3 consecutive growth years cultivated in 11 different vineyards in the Verona area of Italy. Results Most of the berry transcriptome clustered by year of growth rather than common environmental conditions or viticulture practices, and transcripts related to secondary metabolism showed high sensitivity towards different climates, as confirmed also by metabolomic data obtained from the same samples. When analyzed in 11 vineyards during 1 growth year, the environmentally-sensitive berry transcriptome comprised 5% of protein-coding genes and 18% of the transcripts modulated during berry development. Plastic genes were particularly enriched in ontology categories such as transcription factors, translation, transport, and secondary metabolism. Specific plastic transcripts were associated with groups of vineyards sharing common viticulture practices or environmental conditions, and plastic transcriptome reprogramming was more intense in the year characterized by extreme weather conditions. We also identified a set of genes that lacked plasticity, showing either constitutive expression or similar modulation in all berries. Conclusions Our data reveal candidate genes potentially responsible for the phenotypic plasticity of grapevine and provide the first step towards the characterization of grapevine transcriptome plasticity under different agricultural systems.
Impact of B-cell count and imaging screening in cMBL: any need to revise the current guidelines?
Authors: L Scarfò, S Zibellini, A Tedeschi, F Maura, A Neri, P Bertazzoni, B Sarina, G Nalli, M Motta, F Rossini, A Cortelezzi, M Montillo, E Orlandi, P Ghia
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Association of Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain With an Increase in Body Fat
Authors: Ursula Eder, Barbara Mangweth, Christoph Ebenbichler, Elisabeth Weiss, Alex Hofer, Martina Hummer, Georg Kemmler, Monika Lechleitner, W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to explore the pathophysiology of weight gain during treatment with olanzapine for schizophrenia. METHOD: The authors used a prospective, controlled, open study comparing body weight, body mass index, and related biological measures in mentally and physically healthy volunteers and olanzapine-treated patients with schizophrenia. Weight, eating behavior, leptin serum levels, body mass index, and body composition were assessed over an 8-week observation period. RESULTS: A significant increase in body weight, leptin serum levels, and percentage of body fat was seen in patients treated with olanzapine, but the drug-free comparison group did not show any significant changes. The weight gain during antipsychotic treatment with olanzapine was mainly attributable to an increase in body fat; patients' lean body mass did not change. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the original finding that an increase in body fat is mainly responsible for olanzapine-induced weight gain, these findings confirm results obtained in other studies showing increases in body weight and serum leptin levels during treatment with second-generation antipsychotics.
Persistent Cardiac Aldosterone Synthesis in Angiotensin II Type 1A Receptor–Knockout Mice After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jun Katada, Tomomi Meguro, Hitomi Saito, Akira Ohashi, Toshihisa Anzai, Satoshi Ogawa, Tsutomu Yoshikawa
Journal: Circulation (2005)

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure. Pharmacological blockade of angiotensin II (Ang II)-dependent signaling is clinically effective in reducing cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction (MI) but still fails to completely prevent remodeling. The molecular basis underlying this Ang II-independent remodeling is unclear.Acute MI was induced by coronary ligation in wild-type (WT) and angiotensin II type IA receptor-knockout (AT1A-KO) mice. Left ventricular (LV) geometry, hemodynamics, and cardiac gene expression were evaluated on day 28. Severe LV remodeling and resultant cardiac dysfunction were observed in WT mice, whereas less marked, but still significant, LV remodeling and cardiac dysfunction were induced in AT1A-KO mice. Gene expression levels of aldosterone synthase and the cardiac aldosterone content were both elevated in the MI hearts, even in AT1A-KO mice. In AT1A-KO mice treated with spironolactone (20 mg/kg per day), LV remodeling, cardiac dysfunction, and cardiac gene expression of collagens and natriuretic peptides were almost normalized.Our results indicate that genetic blockade of AT1A signaling fails to arrest aldosterone production in cardiac tissues and that cardiac aldosterone plays a critical role in post-MI LV remodeling. The results suggest that spironolactone could be potentially effective in patients with MI, when used in combination with renin-angiotensin system blockade, by blocking the actions of aldosterone produced by Ang II-independent mechanisms.
Rate of misdiagnosis of childhood epilepsy "may not be unusual"
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A misdiagnosis rate of almost one in three cases of childhood epilepsy, made by a consultant paediatrician in Leicester, “may not be unusual,” concludes an 18 month investigation of his clinical practice.

But more than 300 families are pursuing legal action against the trust involved, and furious parents continue to press for an independent inquiry.

Dr Andrew Holton was suspended from his post at Leicester Royal Infirmary in May 2001, after an internal review of children's services at the hospital and mounting numbers of complaints from parents and clinicians ( BMJ 2001;323:1323). Dr Holton, who was not a paediatric neurologist, had looked …
Low-Tryptophan Diet in Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: John W. Petrozzi
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Of all the dietary regimens proposed for the treatment of psoriasis, none has excited more public interest than the turkey diet low in tryptophan recently reported by Spiera and Lefkovits.<sup>1</sup>The authors recorded dramatic clearing in four patients with long-standing psoriasis within two weeks after instituting treatment with the "tryptophan deficient" diet. The following case reports show failure of response in three hospitalized patients with psoriasis who were given a diet believed to be low in tryptophan. Analysis of the dietary constituents revealed that turkey, the main protein component of the diet, actually contained significant amounts of tryptophan. <h3>Report of Cases.—Case 1.—</h3> A 16-year-old white boy had disabling pustular psoriasis for the past two years. The disease was first observed during infancy and then subsided without recurrence until the age of 13. During the past two years he had required hospitalization several times because of generalized pustular
TCT-81 Ex-Vivo Simulator for Training, Teaching, and Testing of Transcatheter Valve Therapies Based on the Principle of a Passive Beating Heart
Authors: Matthias F. Menne, Devesh Amatya, Rob Fraser, Maximilian Kuetting, Ulrich Steinseifer, Gerry Wight
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Potasssium transport in human blood lymphocytes treated with phytohemagglutinin.
Authors: G B Segel, M A Lichtman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

We have confirmed that phytohemagglutinin (PHA) rapidly enhances the uptake of potassium (K+) by human blood lymphocytes. PHA, however, did not produce an increase in lymphocyte K+ concentration. The apparent steady-state of cell K+ concentration despite the marked increase in uptake of 42K+ could be explained by either an increase in K+-K+ exchange or an increase in concentrative (active) K+ accumulation in association with an increase in the leak of K+ from the cell. We compared, therefore, the uptake of 42K+ with the decrement in cellular K+ content when active transport was inhibited by ouabain. These studies established that K+-K+ exchange was negligible in human blood lymphocytes and that the increase in 42K+ uptake after PHA treatment represented concentrative transport. Our studies did indicate that 42K+ exodus from PHA treated lymphocytes increased markedly from 19 to 38 mmol-1 cell water-1-h-1. Within the same time period K+ influx into PHA-treated lymphocytes increased from 20 to 38 mmol-1 cell water-1-h-1. Thus, PHA produces a marked increase in the permeability of the lymphocyte membrane to K+, and the increase in active K+ influx in PHA-treated lymphocytes may represent a homeostatic response by the membrane K+ transport system to the increase in K+ efflux. Increased K+ turnover was observed at the lowest concentrations of PHA which produced an observable increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA. Thus, PHA produces an increase in K+ permeability that closely parallels its mitogenic effect. The rapid increase in K+ influx preceding blastogenesis and mitogenesis is required, therefore, to maintain normal intracellular K+ concentration. An adequate intracellular K+ concentration is essential for the synthetic processes required for cell transformation or division.
Medical Malpractice: Solving the Crisis
Authors: Sara C. Charles
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This small book is another attempt by a deeply committed, practicing physician to "take a crack" at the seemingly insurmountable problem of medical malpractice litigation. The author, an emergency medicine physician, tells us that he is taking us on "a journey" that will hopefully shed light on and deepen our understanding of the current crisis affecting both doctors and their patients. He is an engaging writer, moving us swiftly through his burgeoning interest in medicine, the decisive role of his Vietnam experiences in choosing a medical career, and his rationale for choice of specialty. All goes well until nine years into his career, when the medical records of a patient he has treated are "pulled." He is shaken by the potential of litigation, and his career takes on new meaning. Although the case eventually evaporated, his interest in litigation did not. He writes an article on the subject for<i>Newsweek</i>
On the Action of Mercury upon the Liver
Authors: T. Inman
Journal: BMJ (1860)

destroyed by intense inflammation of the anterior chamber, which was completely filled with a solid cake of lymph.The lens was hazy, and its fibres presented the usual appearance seen in cataract at a not very advanced stage.Immediately under the capsule, both anterior and posterior, and imbedded in the superficial lens-substance, there was found a layer of peculiar bo(lies, varying much in form and shape.The pre- dominant form was splheroidal, btit many were of the most eccentric shapes.Under the polariser, several of the larger presented a distinct cross; in the smaller bodies, the cross was faintly marked, or absent.Tested with tincture of iodine, they assumed a deep blue colour, grad(ually increasing in in- tensitv till they became opaque.In making the examination, every precauition was taken to prevent fallacy.Cretaceoous degeneration of the crystalline lens, and of its capsule, is no uincornmmion souirce of the sympathy; and in the numbers of the l31edical Times above quoted are manv ex- amples from my practice.Osseous degeneration of these parts alvays pro(luces the same effects.With suclh complete disorganisation of one portion of the eye, the rest of the interior is always spoiled, and vision lost.The altered lens and its covering are generally adlerent to the iris.I have traced disturbance to have commenced from its becoming loose.At thle end of the chapter, I shall further notice these and allied changes of otlher tissues, any of which may, I sus- pect, set up irritation.