tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychological consequences for parents of false negative results on prenatal screening for Down's syndrome: retrospective interview study
Authors: S. Hall
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine the psychological consequences for parents of children with Down9s syndrome of having received a false negative result on prenatal screening. <b>Design:</b> Comparison of adjustment of parents who received a false negative result with that of parents not offered a test and those who declined a test. <b>Setting:</b> Parents were interviewed in their own homes. <b>Participants:</b> Parents of 179 children with Down9s syndrome (mean age 4 (range 2-6) years). <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Anxiety, depression, parenting stress, attitudes towards the child, and attributions of blame for the birth of the affected child. <b>Results:</b> Overall, regardless of screening history, parents adjusted well to having a child with Down9s syndrome. Compared with mothers who declined a test, mothers in the false negative group had higher parenting stress (mean score 81.2 <i>v</i> 71.8, P=0.016, 95% confidence interval for the difference 1.8to 17.0) and more negative attitudes towards their children (124.9<i>v</i> 134.2, P=0.009, −16.2 to −2.4). Fathers in the false negative group had higher parenting stress test scores (77.8 <i>v</i> 70.0, P=0.046, 1.5 to 14.2) than fathers not offered a test. Mothers in the false negative group were more likely to blame others for the outcome than mothers who had not been offered the test (28% <i>v</i> 13%, P=0.032, 3% to 27%). Mothers and fathers in the false negative group were more likely to blame others for this outcome than parents who had declined a test (mothers 28% <i>v</i> 0%, P=0.001, 19% to 37%; fathers 27% <i>v</i> 0%, P=0.004, 17% to 38%). Blaming others was associated with poorer adjustment for mothers and fathers. <b>Conclusions:</b> A false negative result on prenatal screening seems to have a small adverse effect on parental adjustment evident two to six years after the birth of an affected child.
ABC of colorectal diseases. Haemorrhoids.
Authors: B. D. Hancock
Journal: BMJ (1992)

B D HancockLarge haemorrhoids.The dentate line, which should be halfway up the anal canal, can be clearly seen separating the prolapsed anal cushions (autonomic innervation) from the secondarily congested external plexus (somatic innervation).* At home * Day case (with general -Suppositories anaesthesia) -High residue diet -Dilatation and banding * Outpatient -Cryosurgery -Injection * lnpatient -Infrared coagulation -Haemorrhoidectomy -Rubber band ligation -Cryosurgery
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: James R Cerhan, Sonja I Berndt, Joseph Vijai, Hervé Ghesquières, James McKay, Sophia S Wang, Zhaoming Wang, Meredith Yeager, Lucia Conde, Paul I W de Bakker, Alexandra Nieters, David Cox, Laurie Burdett, Alain Monnereau, Christopher R Flowers, Anneclaire J De Roos, Angela R Brooks-Wilson, Qing Lan, Gianluca Severi, Mads Melbye, Jian Gu, Rebecca D Jackson, Eleanor Kane, Lauren R Teras, Mark P Purdue, Claire M Vajdic, John J Spinelli, Graham G Giles, Demetrius Albanes, Rachel S Kelly, Mariagrazia Zucca, Kimberly A Bertrand, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Charles Lawrence, Amy Hutchinson, Degui Zhi, Thomas M Habermann, Brian K Link, Anne J Novak, Ahmet Dogan, Yan W Asmann, Mark Liebow, Carrie A Thompson, Stephen M Ansell, Thomas E Witzig, George J Weiner, Amelie S Veron, Diana Zelenika, Hervé Tilly, Corinne Haioun, Thierry Jo Molina, Henrik Hjalgrim, Bengt Glimelius, Hans-Olov Adami, Paige M Bracci, Jacques Riby, Martyn T Smith, Elizabeth A Holly, Wendy Cozen, Patricia Hartge, Lindsay M Morton, Richard K Severson, Lesley F Tinker, Kari E North, Nikolaus Becker, Yolanda Benavente, Paolo Boffetta, Paul Brennan, Lenka Foretova, Marc Maynadie, Anthony Staines, Tracy Lightfoot, Simon Crouch, Alex Smith, Eve Roman, W Ryan Diver, Kenneth Offit, Andrew Zelenetz, Robert J Klein, Danylo J Villano, Tongzhang Zheng, Yawei Zhang, Theodore R Holford, Anne Kricker, Jenny Turner, Melissa C Southey, Jacqueline Clavel, Jarmo Virtamo, Stephanie Weinstein, Elio Riboli, Paolo Vineis, Rudolph Kaaks, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Roel C H Vermeulen, Heiner Boeing, Anne Tjonneland, Emanuele Angelucci, Simonetta Di Lollo, Marco Rais, Brenda M Birmann, Francine Laden, Edward Giovannucci, Peter Kraft, Jinyan Huang, Baoshan Ma, Yuanqing Ye, Brian C H Chiu, Joshua Sampson, Liming Liang, Ju-Hyun Park, Charles C Chung, Dennis D Weisenburger, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Joseph F Fraumeni, Susan L Slager, Xifeng Wu, Silvia de Sanjose, Karin E Smedby, Gilles Salles, Christine F Skibola, Nathaniel Rothman, Stephen J Chanock
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Polymerase chain reaction–reverse cross‐blot hybridization assay in the diagnosis of sporotrichoid <i>Mycobacterium marinum</i> infection
Authors: None Posteraro, None Sanguinetti, None Garcovich, None Ardito, None Zampetti, None Masucci, None Sbordoni, None Cerimele, None Fadda
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

In this paper, we report a patient in whom Mycobacterium marinum sporotrichoid infection was diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA gene and subsequent analysis of the amplified product in a reverse cross-blot hybridization assay with mycobacterial species-specific probes. This molecular method allowed us rapidly to detect and identify this organism directly in the patient's lesional skin biopsy rather than in cultures in conventional media. The identification provided by PCR–reverse cross-blot hybridization assay was confirmed by examination of the morphological and biochemical features and by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mycolic acid from the clinical isolate, suggesting the validity of our molecular approach.
Winter Sports Medicine
Authors: Peter J. Dorsen
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<i>Winter Sports Medicine</i>is a realistically sized reference book for the generalist who chooses to volunteer in a field that "is work in the visibility it demands, but is a breeze compared with everyday medical practice." It covers year-round preparation, high altitude, nutrition, youth and women, sports psychology, overtraining, the recent potential bugaboo of prescribing for the athlete, sports anemia (one of my favorites), and blood doping (the revelation that a US-Nordic combined silver medalist blood doped shocked the Nordic sports community). Infectious or acute respiratory diseases can often prove to be the bane of the overly stressed athlete just as acute gastrointestinal issues are so often part of foreign travel. The integument becomes of vital concern with frostbite counterpoint to such esoterica as hot tub infections, eg, "Bikini Bottom." It should come as no surprise with the constant jarring and 4<i>g</i>gravity force that exertional headaches plague luge
St. Louis Encephalitis and Subacute Thyroiditis
Authors: JOSHUA GOLDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1977St. Louis Encephalitis and Subacute ThyroiditisJOSHUA GOLDMAN, M.D., ANTHONY J. BOCHNA, M.D., FRANK O. BECKER, M.D.JOSHUA GOLDMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ANTHONY J. BOCHNA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, FRANK O. BECKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-2-250_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: With reference to the article of Dr. Shenhman and Dr. Bottone (1) on the origin of subacute thyroiditis, we wish to report a case of subacute thyroiditis observed during a recent local endemic of St. Louis encephalitis in which the illness was associated with a rising titer of St. Louis equine encephalitis virus. This virus has not previously been reported to be a causal factor in subacute thyroiditis.The patient is a 42-year-old white woman with a 2-week history of nocturnal fever up to 38.9 °C, dry nonproductive cough, and right-sided neck pain. Two days before admission,...References1. SHENHMAN L and BOTTONE E: Antibodies to Yersinia enterocolitica in thyroid disease. Ann Intern Med 85:735-739, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. VOLPE' R: Thyroiditis: current views of pathogenesis. Med Clin North Am 59:1163-1177, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GREENE J: Subacute thyroiditis. Am J Med 51:97-108, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOSHUA GOLDMAN, M.D.; ANTHONY J. BOCHNA, M.D.; FRANK O. BECKER, M.D.Affiliations: Christ Hospital Oak Lawn, IL 60453 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySubacute ThyroiditisPathobiology of the Flaviviruses 1 August 1977Volume 87, Issue 2Page: 250-250KeywordsEncephalitisFeversThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Crohn’s disease of the esophagus without inflammatory activity confirmed by the use of endoscopy with narrow-band imaging
Authors: J. Souza, J. da Silva, A. Sipahi
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Crohn’s disease of the esophagus is uncommon. Better diagnostic tools, more frequent use of upper endoscopy, and careful histologic examination are probably the causes of the reported higher frequency of proximal Crohn’s disease over the past decade [1] [2].
Ultrastructural features of the innervation and smooth muscle of the rabbit facial vein, and their relationship to function.
Authors: R A Rowan, R D Bevan, J A Bevan
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent the ultrastructure of the intramedial plexus of autonomic nerves and the smooth muscle of the rabbit facial vein could be correlated with the functional properties of this vessel. The mean observed widths of neuromuscular clefts were 250 nm in untreated control vessels, 260 in the dilated vein, and 390 in the contracted vein. Variation in the plane of section and in cell surface contours may lead to overestimation of cleft width, particularly in contracted vessels; the conclusion was reached, therefore, that the actual mean cleft width in this vessel, which may be closer to 200 nm, is relatively narrow in comparison with other blood vessels. There is probably little significant variation in cleft width with changes in vessel diameter. This narrow cleft correlates with the pronounced neurogenic response of this vessel. The smooth muscle cells of the facial vein appear to contain a relatively small amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum, which may be related to the dependence of maintained tone on extracellular calcium. Areas of close apposition of cell surfaces, with gaps of approximately 15 nm, may be related to propagation of electrical activity from one smooth muscle cell to another.
Thoracic lymphadenopathy in Asians resident in the United Kingdom: role of mediastinoscopy in initial diagnosis.
Authors: P R Farrow, D A Jones, P J Stanley, J S Bailey, J M Wales, J B Cookson
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Although the incidence of superficial glandular tuberculosis is high in Asian immigrants, a clinical diagnosis without biopsy has previously been shown to be inaccurate in 22% of cases. The role of diagnostic mediastinoscopy and biopsy in thoracic lymphadenopathy was therefore evaluated in 41 consecutive Asian patients. Tuberculosis was diagnosed by histological examination or culture (or both) of gland biopsy material in 24 (59%). A further 12 patients, however, also received antituberculous chemotherapy, with a response in 10 cases. If these are included, 34 (83%) were finally considered to have tuberculosis. The symptoms and ages of the patients with tuberculosis were similar to those typically seen in caucasians with sarcoidosis. Six had tuberculous bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. In only four cases (10%) was a positive diagnosis other than tuberculosis established; in two (lymphoma and thymoma) mediastinoscopy confirmed preoperative suspicions, and saved only two more (with sarcoidosis and vascular anomaly) from unnecessary antituberculous treatment. Complications included severe haemorrhage (1) and chronic tuberculous sinus in the endoscopy tract (2). Mediastinoscopy is unlikely to change management in most patients, produces an appreciable amount of morbidity, and should be reserved for cases in which there is additional clinical doubt. Any future decline in the prevalence of tuberculosis in Asians may, however, require its further evaluation.
Anemia and the Spleen
Authors: Arno G. Motulsky, Fredrick Casserd, Eloise R. Giblett, Goronwy O. Broun, Clement A. Finch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE spleen has come to be known as an organ of phagocytosis and antibody production. It appears admirably suited for these functions, since it is located in the direct stream of the circulating blood and composed for the most part of macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes. Although its functions remain inconspicuous in the normal subject, an extensive literature attests to its effects on the formed elements of the blood in pathologic states. Data concerning leukocytes and thrombocytes appear so fragmentary that the present discussion is limited to the consideration of splenic-erythrocyte relations.Explanations of the mechanisms whereby anemia is produced . . .
Predictors of Cardiac Events After Major Vascular Surgery
Authors: Eric Boersma, Don Poldermans, Jeroen J. Bax, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Ian R. Thomson, Jan D. Banga, Louis L. M. van de Ven, Hero van Urk, Jos R. T. C. Roelandt, None for the DECREASE Study Group
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextPatients who undergo major vascular surgery are at increased risk of perioperative cardiac complications. High-risk patients can be identified by clinical factors and noninvasive cardiac testing, such as dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE); however, such noninvasive imaging techniques carry significant disadvantages. A recent study found that perioperative β-blocker therapy reduces complication rates in high-risk individuals.ObjectiveTo examine the relationship of clinical characteristics, DSE results, β-blocker therapy, and cardiac events in patients undergoing major vascular surgery.Design and SettingCohort study conducted in 1996-1999 in the following 8 centers: Erasmus Medical Centre and Sint Clara Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, Twee Steden Ziekenhuis, Tilburg, Academisch Ziekenhuis Utrecht, Utrecht, and Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands; Ziekenhuis Middelheim, Antwerp, Belgium; and San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.PatientsA total of 1351 consecutive patients scheduled for major vascular surgery; DSE was performed in 1097 patients (81%), and 360 (27%) received β-blocker therapy.Main Outcome MeasureCardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction within 30 days after surgery, compared by clinical characteristics, DSE results, and β-blocker use.ResultsForty-five patients (3.3%) had perioperative cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction. In multivariable analysis, important clinical determinants of adverse outcome were age 70 years or older; current or prior angina pectoris; and prior myocardial infarction, heart failure, or cerebrovascular accident. Eighty-three percent of patients had less than 3 clinical risk factors. Among this subgroup, patients receiving β-blockers had a lower risk of cardiac complications (0.8% [2/263]) than those not receiving β-blockers (2.3% [20/855]), and DSE had minimal additional prognostic value. In patients with 3 or more risk factors (17%), DSE provided additional prognostic information, for patients without stress-induced ischemia had much lower risk of events than those with stress-induced ischemia (among those receiving β-blockers, 2.0% [1/50] vs 10.6% [5/47]). Moreover, patients with limited stress-induced ischemia (1-4 segments) experienced fewer cardiac events (2.8% [1/36]) than those with more extensive ischemia (≥5 segments, 36% [4/11]).ConclusionThe additional predictive value of DSE is limited in clinically low-risk patients receiving β-blockers. In clinical practice, DSE may be avoided in a large number of patients who can proceed safely for surgery without delay. In clinically intermediate- and high-risk patients receiving β-blockers, DSE may help identify those in whom surgery can still be performed and those in whom cardiac revascularization should be considered.
SOME FACTORS DETERMINING THE LOCALIZATION OF A CHICKEN TUMOR AGENT
Authors: Ronald D. Mackenzie, Ernest Sturm
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

A localization out of the blood stream of the agent causing a chicken tumor, with the subsequent development of the growth can be brought about in the breast muscle, by inducing in this tissue a reaction by such substances as Scharlach R, tar, embryonic tissue and kieselguhr. Localization in the reaction tissue elicited by kieselguhr takes place relatively infrequently. The earlier stages of the reaction induced by these substances localize the tumor agent more regularly than the later stages of the reaction.
Diagnostic Accuracy of CT Angiography to Assess Coronary Stent Thrombosis as Determined by Intravascular OCT
Authors: Takashi Kubo, Yoshiki Matsuo, Yasushi Ino, Hironori Kitabata, Takashi Tanimoto, Kohei Ishibashi, Yasushi Okumoto, Kenji Nakamura, Kenichi Komukai, Shigeho Takarada, Atsushi Tanaka, Toshio Imanishi, Hideharu Akagi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Expression of LIGHT/TNFSF14 Combined with Vaccination against Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E7 Induces Significant Tumor Regression
Authors: Shreya Kanodia, Diane M. Da Silva, Tigran Karamanukyan, Lies Bogaert, Yang-Xin Fu, W. Martin Kast
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract LIGHT, a ligand for the lymphotoxin-β receptor, establishes lymphoid-like tissues inside tumor sites and recruits naïve T cells into the tumor. However, whether these infiltrating T cells are specific for tumor antigens is not known. We hypothesized that therapy with LIGHT can expand functional tumor-specific CD8+ T cells that can be boosted using HPV16E6E7-Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (HPV16-VRP) and that this combined therapy can eradicate human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16)–induced tumors. Our data show that forced expression of LIGHT in tumors results in an increase in expression of IFNγ and chemoattractant cytokines such as interleukin-1a, MIG, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 within the tumor and that this tumor microenvironment correlates with an increase in frequency of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. Forced expression of LIGHT also results in the expansion of functional T cells that recognize multiple tumor antigens, including HPV16 E7, and these T cells prevent the outgrowth of tumors on secondary challenge. Subsequent boosting of E7-specific T cells by vaccination with HPV16-VRP significantly increases their frequency in both the periphery and the tumor and leads to the eradication of large well-established tumors, for which either treatment alone is not successful. These data establish the safety of Ad-LIGHT as a therapeutic intervention in preclinical studies and suggest that patients with HPV16+ tumors may benefit from combined immunotherapy with LIGHT and antigen-specific vaccination. Cancer Res; 70(10); 3955–64. ©2010 AACR.
Principles of Cognitive Neuroscience
Authors: Scott C. Molitor
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IRF3 Mediates a TLR3/TLR4-Specific Antiviral Gene Program
Authors: Sean E. Doyle, Sagar A. Vaidya, Ryan O'Connell, Hajir Dadgostar, Paul W. Dempsey, Ting-Ting Wu, Govinda Rao, Ren Sun, Margaret E. Haberland, Robert L. Modlin, Genhong Cheng
Journal: Immunity (2002)
Survival in primary pulmonary hypertension. Validation of a prognostic equation.
Authors: J Sandoval, O Bauerle, A Palomar, A Gómez, M L Martínez-Guerra, M Beltrán, M L Guerrero
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND The prognosis of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) remains a major problem for the planning and assessment of therapeutic interventions. The objectives of this study were (1) to characterize mortality in a Mexican population of patients with PPH and to investigate factors associated with survival and (2) to test the applicability in this population of the prognostic equation proposed by the US National Institutes of Health study on PPH. METHODS AND RESULTS A dynamic cohort of patients with PPH at our institution were enrolled between June 1977 and August 1991 and prospectively followed at regular intervals through September 1992. Measurements at diagnosis included hemodynamic and pulmonary function variables in addition to information on demographic data and medical history. The response to vasodilator treatment was also analyzed. The estimated median survival of the group was 4.04 years (95% confidence interval, 2.98 to 5.08 years). Variables associated with poor survival (univariate analysis) included an elevated mean right atrial pressure, a decreased cardiac index, and a decreased mixed venous PO2. A reduced forced vital capacity and the absence of vasodilator treatment were also associated with poor survival. A multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis was used to assess the adjusted hazard ratios, hence the relative contributions of the variables controlling for confounding. Reduced forced vital capacity and cardiac index and increased right atrial pressure were still significantly associated as risk factors for survival in patients with PPH. Survival as computed by the equation correlated with real survival of PPH patients with positive predictive values of 87%, 91%, and 89% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The equation, however, was relatively unable to predict deaths in our population, in part because of the strict limits of poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Mortality in PPH is largely associated with hemodynamic variables that assess right ventricular function. The proposed prognostic equation had a high sensitivity and a relatively low specificity to predict survival in our PPH population. To improve this specificity it may be necessary to increase the limits of poor prognosis as defined by the equation.