tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial, Pulmonary, Diaphragmatic, Gastric, Splenic, and Renal Uptake of Tc-99m MDP in a Patient with Persistent, Severe Hypercalcemia
Authors: A K PADHY, P G GOPINATH, A C AMINI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Multiple organ concentration of Tc-99m MDP in a 60- year-old man who had primary hyperparathyroidism and persistent, severe hypercalcemia is reported. This patient was hospitalized for the evaluation of severe, generalized bone pain. A bone scan performed with Tc-99m MDP did not reveal any focal bony abnormality. Intense and diffuse accumulation of Tc-99m MDP, however, was seen in the myocardium, lungs, diaphragm, stomach, spleen, and kidneys, refecting soft tissue calcinosis as a result of prolonged hypercalcemia.
Lymphotoxin Controls the IL-22 Protection Pathway in Gut Innate Lymphoid Cells during Mucosal Pathogen Challenge
Authors: Alexei V. Tumanov, Ekaterina P. Koroleva, Xiaohuan Guo, Yugang Wang, Andrei Kruglov, Sergei Nedospasov, Yang-Xin Fu
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2011)
Trial of brief intermittent neuroleptic prophylaxis for selected schizophrenic outpatients: clinical and social outcome at two years.
Authors: A G Jolley, S R Hirsch, E Morrison, A McRink, L Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate a novel approach to the prophylaxis of schizophrenic relapse characterised by administration of brief courses of neuroleptic for the earliest non-psychotic signs of relapse (prodromal symptoms). DESIGN--Two year follow up of subjects randomised, double blind, to receive either active (control group) or placebo (intermittent group) depot neuroleptic medication. Both groups received brief courses of oral neuroleptic when prodromal symptoms or relapse occurred. SETTING--Psychiatric outpatient department, Charing Cross Hospital, London. SUBJECTS--54 Stable patients in remission who met the American Psychiatric Association9s DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia on the basis of case notes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Survival without relapse, survival without hospitalisation, point prevalence of extrapyramidal side effects and tardive dyskinesia, structured assessment of social functioning (social adjustment scale II), and frequency of prodromal symptoms. RESULTS--Of 19 relapses recorded over two years, 10 (53%) were preceded by non-psychotic prodromal signs. Survival rates for both relapse and hospitalisation were worse with intermittent treatment than continuous treatment over the two year follow up: 92% of controls and only 54% of patients given intermittent treatment survived the two year period without hospitalisation. Prolonged or frequent relapses as well as episodes of prodromal symptoms were more frequent with intermittent treatment. Lower scores for extrapyramidal side effects were recorded in the intermittent treatment group, but periodic assessments of social functioning failed to show any social advantages from this. CONCLUSION--The findings are at variance with a previous report of one year follow up in this cohort and attest to the superiority of continuous depot neuroleptic prophylaxis in preventing both psychotic and neurotic or dysphoric morbidity in schizophrenia.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN MORTALITY IN AORTIC DISSECTION &amp;ndash; RESULTS FROM THE KAISER PERMANENTE REGISTRY OF AORTIC DISSECTIONS
Authors: Somjot Singh Brar, Jaqueline Schwartz, Kevin Izquierdo, Cuong Lam, Aman Saw, Thomas Pfeffer, Albert Shen, Michael Jorgensen, Kevin Patel, Raymond Chen, George Vatakencherry, Steven Khan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract 3617: A novel competition-based antibody array technology as a potential platform for cancer biomarker discovery
Authors: Weidong Jiang, Yunru Chen, Lisha Wu, Ying Zhang, Valerie Jones, Ruopan Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract A novel competition-based antibody array assay has been developed. This assay, which is named the EIA array, adopts the principle of competition-based enzyme immunoassay (cEIA), in which an endogenous antigen and a labeled antigen competitively bind to a capture antibody fixed on a matrix. In this EIA array platform, 11 anti-adipokine antibodies are spotted onto membranes in an array format. After blocking, the capture antibodies can interact with either the endogenous adipokines in the sample or with the biotinylated adipokines spiked into the sample. Antibody-bound biotinylated adipokines are then detected by streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (SA-HRP), which catalyzes a color development reaction. The intensity of colorimetric signal is directly proportional to the amount of biotinylated peptide-SA-HRP complex and inversely proportional to the amount of adipokines in the standards or samples. The signal is standardized against a cocktail of unlabeled adipokine peptides, allowing the unknown concentrations to be quantified. All 11 adipokines were detected at pg/ml and ng/ml levels with a CV of less than 20%, indicating that the EIA array has high sensitivity and reproducibility. Furthermore, no cross-reactivity was found among the 11 adipokine markers, indicating high specificity. Using this novel competition-based antibody array, we screened adipokine expression profiles in cancer cell lines HepG2 and MCF-7 with and without treatment of 100µM H2O2 and 100ng/ml EGF. Among these adipokine markers, visfatin was significantly increased in culture supernatants of both cell lines after H2O2 treatment, but not increased in cell lysates. The upregulation of visfatin after H2O2 treatment was confirmed by both EIA array and Western blot. Currently, studies investigating the role of visfatin in liver carcinogenesis are underway using serum samples from clinically diagnosed pre-operative hepatocellular carcinoma patients with age and sex-matched controls. In summary, our results suggest that the novel competition-based EIA array has great potential for cancer biomarker discovery. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3617. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3617
Cytotechnologists' Proficiency and Laboratory Regulations-Reply
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In Reply.—  While cytotechnologists are professionals who are trained to perform cytodiagnosis as well as screening, they spend most of their effort screening cytological preparations. While cytopathologists are physicians who are trained to perform screening as well as diagnosis, they spend most of their efforts in cytopathology making or confirming diagnoses. The ill-advised Final Rule, which revises laboratory regulations for the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1967 regarding cytology proficiency testing of individuals, which was issued by the Health Care Financing Administration in March 1990, groups cytotechnologists and cytopathologists together for testing purposes. I believe that proficiency testing (if required) should test individuals primarily on what they do. To hold cytotechnologists to the same standard as cytopathologists in the Bethesda system of diagnosis with a potential of sudden death loss of their livelihood following a single, unannounced, on-site cytology proficiency test by some government bureaucrat poses yet another severe
Early cancer of the gastric remnant.
Authors: R Pointner, G Schwab, A Konigsrainer, E Bodner, K W Schmid
Journal: Gut (1988)

Early carcinoma of the gastric remnant was diagnosed in 19 patients between January 1976 and January 1986. In all patients early cancer was suspected at endoscopy and confirmed by biopsy and histology. The main reason for endoscopic examination was diffuse epigastric pain suggestive of stump gastritis. The surgical procedure was stump gastrectomy. Two of the 19 patients were not operated on because of advanced age. In contrast with the poor prognosis of patients with cancers of the gastric remnant of tumour stages T2 to T4 according to the TNM-classification regardless of their NM-stage, patients with tumour stage T1N0 and T1N1 have a good prognosis.
Factor VIII supply and demand.
Authors: P Jones
Journal: BMJ (1980)

<h3>Objectives</h3> A major incident is any emergency that requires special arrangements by the emergency services and generally involves a large number of people. Recent such events in England have included the Manchester Arena bombing and the Grenfell Tower disaster. Hospitals are required by law to keep a major incident plan (MIP) outlining the response to such an event. In a survey conducted in 2006 we found a substantial knowledge gap among key individuals that would be expected to respond to the enactment of an MIP. We set out to repeat this survey study and assess any improvement since our original report. <h3>Methods</h3> We identified NHS trusts in England that received more than 30 000 patients through the emergency department in the fourth quarter of the 2016/2017 period. We contacted the on-call anaesthetic, emergency, general surgery, and trauma and orthopaedic registrar at each location and asked each individual to answer a short verbal survey assessing their confidence in using their hospital’s MIP. <h3>Results</h3> Of those eligible for the study, 62% were able to be contacted and consented to the study. In total 50% of respondents had read all or part of their hospital’s MIP, 46.8% were confident that they knew where their plan was stored, and 36% knew the role they would play if a plan came into effect. These results show less confidence among middle-grade doctors compared with 2006. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Confidence in using MIPs among specialty registrars in England is still low. In light of this, we make a number of recommendations designed to improve the education of hospital doctors in reacting to major incidents.
Decreased Fluidity of Red Cell Membrane Lipids in Abetalipoproteinemia
Authors: Richard A. Cooper, John R. Durocher, Mary H. Leslie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Acanthocytic red cells in patients with abetalipoproteinemia are morphologically similar to the red cells in spur cell anemia. Fluidity of membrane lipids is decreased in spur cells due to their excess cholesterol content. Acanthocyte membranes have an increased content of sphingomyelin and a decreased content of lecithin. To assess the effect of this abnormality of acanthocyte membrane lipid composition on membrane fluidity, we studied red cells from five patients with abetalipoproteinemia and four obligate heterozygote family members. Membrane fluidity was measured in terms of microviscosity ( eta) at 37 degrees C, assessed by means of the fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. It was increased from 3.2+/-0.1 poise in normals to 4.01-4.14 poise in acanthocytes. This was associated with an increase in the sphingomyelin/lecithin ratio from 0.84+/-0.08 in normals in 1.45-1.61 in acanthocytes. The eta of acanthocyte membranes was not influenced by the degree of vitamin E deficiency. Similar changes in eta were observed in liposomes prepared from red cell lipids. Heterozygotes had normal sphingomyelin/lecithin ratios and normal values for eta. The flow activation energy for viscosity, a measure of the degree of order in the hydrophobic portion of the membrane, was decreased from 8.3 kcal/mole in normal red cells to 7.2 kcal/mole in acanthocytes, indicating that acanthocyte membrane lipids are more ordered. Variations in the sphingomyelin/lecithin mole ratio of liposomes prepared from brain sphingomyelin and egg lecithin with equimolar cholesterol caused similar changes in both eta and activation energy. The deformability of acanthocytes, assessed by means of filtration through 3-mum filters, was decreased. These studies indicate that the increased sphingomyelin/lecithin ratio of acanthocytes is responsible for their decreased membrane fluidity. As in spur cells and in red cells enriched with cholesterol in vitro, this decrease in membrane fluidity occurs coincidentally with an abnormality in cell contour and an impairment in cell deformability.
The Specialty of Preventive Medicine
Authors: Harold V. Ellingson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This year of 1968 represents the 20th anniversary of the founding of the American Board of Preventive Medicine. In these two decades the whole world has been swept by changes—social, scientific, and educational—and many of these changes have had special significance for us in preventive medicine. Certainly this has been an exciting period for the board. As we move into our 21st year, the anniversary provides an occasion to review some of the causes for satisfaction regarding the specialty of preventive medicine, as well as some causes for concern. My emphasis will be on matters which have a bearing on the status of the specialty, and on education and training—the preparation of future leaders in our field. <h3>Causes for Satisfaction</h3> First, it seems to me that in the past 20 years preventive medicine has come to the end of one era and entered a wholly new one. We seem to
Autosomal-dominant familial hematuria with retinal arteriolar tortuosity and contractures: A novel syndrome
Authors: Emmanuelle Plaisier, Sonia Alamowitch, Olivier Gribouval, Beatrice Mougenot, Alain Gaudric, Corinne Antignac, Etienne Roullet, Pierre Ronco
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
TEACHING THE STUDENT THE OPERATION OF PARACENTESIS OF THE DRUM-HEAD
Authors: HARRY FRIEDENWALD
Journal: JAMA (1910)

As a teacher of otology, I have long experienced the difficulty of all teachers of this branch to properly train the medical student to perform the operation of paracentesis of the drum head, an operation which I think it is agreed that every general practitioner should be able to perform. I have solved this difficulty by a little device which I have put to use for several years in my classes at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore. It consists of an addition to the well-known schematic ear model of Bacon (Fig. 1). This model is supplied with a large number of brass plates into which colored pictures of the normal and diseased drum-heads are placed for the purpose of "teaching manipulation of the speculum and head mirrors." I have had made double brass plates of a general form similar to those made to hold the pictures, but
Efficacy of switching between tumor necrosis factor-alfa inhibitors in psoriasis: Results from the Italian Psocare Registry
Authors: Stefano Piaserico, Simone Cazzaniga, Sergio Chimenti, Alberto Giannetti, Mara Maccarone, Mauro Picardo, Andrea Peserico, Luigi Naldi
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
Management of low back pain
Authors: S. P Cohen, C. E Argoff, E. J Carragee
Journal: BMJ (2008)

#### Summary points Back pain is the leading cause of occupational disability in the world and the most common cause of missed workdays. As the population ages and our lives become more sedentary, this situation is unlikely to change. We aim here to provide an evidence based overview of low back pain aimed at primary care physicians. The most frequently quoted epidemiological studies cite lifetime adult prevalence rates varying from 50% to 80%, and point prevalence rates from 15% to 30%.1 Yet even these statistics may underestimate the problem. A recent prospective study of 154 reserve soldiers with no prior history of back pain found that 64% of this low risk group developed at least moderate back pain over an 18 month period when queried monthly.w1 This suggests that reported prevalence rates may be a function of the type and frequency of surveillance. ### History Box 1 lists the causes of low back pain. The origin of pain can be broadly classified as mechanical, neuropathic, or secondary to another cause. Mechanical back pain implies that the source of pain is in the spine or its supporting structures. Neuropathic back pain denotes the presence of symptoms that stem from irritation of a nerve root(s). #### Box 1 Common causes of low back pain* ##### Mechanical (80-90%)
Doctor admits research fraud
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A doctor who admitted producing bogus curricula vitae to secure academic posts, faking approval of ethics committees for three studies, and falsifying statistics in a research paper was erased from the medical register by the General Medical Council (GMC) last week.

Mark Williams, aged 43, lied about his qualifications to secure posts as a lecturer and senior lecturer in public health medicine at Bristol University in 1991 and 1993. He falsely claimed in …
Hematologic and Cytogenetic Responses to Imatinib Mesylate in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Hagop Kantarjian, Charles Sawyers, Andreas Hochhaus, Francois Guilhot, Charles Schiffer, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini, Dietger Niederwieser, Debra Resta, Renaud Capdeville, Ulrike Zoellner, Moshe Talpaz, Brian Druker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is caused by the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, the product of the Philadelphia chromosome. Imatinib mesylate, formerly STI571, is a selective inhibitor of this kinase.
Race, Ethnic Group, and Disease
Authors: Thomas M. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A recent letter to the editor condemns the common practice of including racial or ethnic group affiliation as part of the patient identification data in medical case reports.<sup>1</sup>While we agree with the assertion that such distinctions are sometimes vague, we take issue with the statement that "the racial distinction of patients by terms such as 'black,' 'white,' 'Indian,' 'Arab,' or others is litigious, improper, and useless." While it may be true that the post hoc reporting of racial or ethnic affiliation in published case reports may not contribute much necessary information (particularly when in tabular form), case reports in the literature often follow directly from the clinical treatment of patients, where assessment of the cultural influences on health beliefs and practices is essential for good medical practice. Indeed, collaboration between medical anthropologists, sociologists, and physicians has resulted in a well-established body of literature cataloging the
Health Care Delivery in the Texas Prison System
Authors: Ben G. Raimer, John D. Stobo
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Faced with explosive growth in its prison population and a legal mandate to improve medical care for incarcerated offenders, the state of Texas implemented a novel correctional managed health care program in 1994. The organizational structure of the program is based on a series of contractual relationships between the state prison system, 2 of the state's academic medical centers, and a separate governing body composed of 9 appointed members, which include 5 physicians. All medical, dental, and psychiatric care for more than 145,000 offenders, incarcerated under the jurisdiction of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, is provided by the University of Texas Medical Branch and Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. The health delivery system is composed of several levels of care, including primary ambulatory care clinics in each prison unit, 16 infirmaries at strategic locations throughout the state, several regional medical facilities, and a dedicated prison hospital with a full range of services. Specialized treatment programs have been established at various units for patients with chronic conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, major psychiatric disorders, hepatitis, and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Significant improvements in health outcomes have occurred since the managed care program was established.
Association of Leukocyte Telomere Length With Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Mass
Authors: Ramachandran S. Vasan, Serkalem Demissie, Masayuki Kimura, L. Adrienne Cupples, Charles White, Jeffrey P. Gardner, Xiaogian Cao, Daniel Levy, Emelia J. Benjamin, Abraham Aviv
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) decreases over the adult life course owing to the cumulative burden of oxidative stress, inflammation, and exposure to vascular risk factors. Left ventricular (LV) mass is a biomarker of long-standing exposure to cardiovascular disease risk factors. We hypothesized that LTL is related inversely to LV mass.We related LTL (measured by Southern blot analysis) to echocardiographic LV mass and its components (LV diastolic dimension and LV wall thickness) in 850 Framingham Heart Study participants (mean age 58 years, 58% women) using multivariable linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, height, weight, systolic blood pressure, hypertension treatment, and smoking. Overall, multivariable-adjusted LTL was positively related to LV mass (beta-coefficient per SD increase 0.072; P=0.001), LV wall thickness (beta=0.053; P=0.01), and LV diastolic dimension (beta=0.035; P=0.09). We observed effect modification by hypertension status (P for interaction=0.02 for LV mass); LTL was more strongly associated with LV mass and LV wall thickness in individuals with hypertension (beta-coefficient per SD increment of 0.10 and 0.08, respectively; P<0.01 for both). Participants with hypertension who were in the top quartile of LV mass had LTL that was 250 base pairs longer than those in the lowest quartile (P for trend across quartiles=0.009).In contrast to our expectation, in the present community-based sample, LTL was positively associated with LV mass and wall thickness, especially so in participants with hypertension. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that longer LTL may be a marker of propensity to LV hypertrophy.
Case of Camphor Poisoning
Authors: G. D. Summers
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Sudden Death after Intravenous Injection of Mercurial Diuretic SIR,-A.G. Oettle's case of sudden death after intravenous "neptal " (Oct.4, p. 530) prompts me to a few remarks.Such disasters cannot always be avoided-e.g., if they happen after the first injection to a patient, where there is no reason to expect untoward reactions.Such cases, fortunately, are extremely rare.More often, faulty.choice of the case and an overdose are the cause of toxic reactions.The following rules should help to restrict fatal or toxic reactions.Mercury administration must never be given in excess of the excretory power of the kidneys.Low con- centrating power and poor response to a previous injection are warning signals.The minimal injection-free interval should be three days, except in acute emergencies.Digitalis, strophanthin, urea, and ammonium chloride help to make this possible.The
Congestive Heart Failure Caused by Oral Disopyramide
Authors: Philip J. Podrid, Arno Schoeneberger, Bernard Lown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Disopyramide was reported by Mokier and Van Arman in 1962 to be an effective antiarrhythmic agent.1 It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1978 for use in patients with ventricular arrhythmias, and it has gained prompt and wide acceptance. Although disopyramide differs structurally from quinidine, these two drugs have similar electrophysiologic properties.2 , 3 A number of studies have shown disopyramide to be as effective as quinidine and to produce fewer adverse reactions.4 5 6 7 The side effects encountered have generally been related to the anticholinergic properties of disopyramide; although usually mild, these side effects have sometimes proved disabling.4 , 8 , 9 Major adverse . . .