tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Structure-function of recombinant Na/H exchanger regulatory factor (NHE-RF).
Authors: E J Weinman, D Steplock, K Tate, R A Hall, R F Spurney, S Shenolikar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Inhibition of the renal brush border membrane (BBM) Na/H exchanger by cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA, requires participation of a recently cloned regulatory cofactor, Na/H exchanger-regulatory factor (NHE-RF). As deduced from the cDNA of this 358-amino acid protein, amino acids 11-101 and amino acids 150-241 of the NHE-RF protein share 74% overall homology suggesting duplication of these PDZ containing domains. The serine residues at amino acid position 289 and 340 are considered to be the most likely sites for PKA mediated phosphorylation. To study the structure- function relation between NHE-RF and PKA mediated inhibition of the rabbit BBM Na/H exchanger, the effect of recombinant proteins representing full-length NHE-RF as well as truncated and mutant forms of NHE-RF were determined using a reconstitution assay. The reconstitution assay employed a fraction of rabbit BBM proteins that contains Na/H exchanger activity that is not regulated by PKA. NHE-RF in the presence of ATP and Mg but not PKA, inhibited Na/H exchange activity in a concentration-dependent manner. In the presence of PKA, there was a significant left shift in the dose-response relation such that 10(-12) M NHE-RF inhibited Na/H exchange transport by 30% in the presence but not in the absence of PKA. A recombinant polypeptide representing amino acids 1-151 (Domain I) did not affect Na/H exchange transport in the presence or absence of PKA. A polypeptide representing amino acids 149-358 (Domain II) in the presence of ATP and Mg but not PKA, inhibited Na/H exchange activity in a concentration-dependent manner. In the presence of PKA, there was a left shift in the dose-response relation. 10(-12) M of Domain II polypeptide inhibited transport by 18% in the presence but not in the absence of PKA. Mutation of serine residues 287, 289, and 290 to alanine did not affect the inhibitory effect in the absence of PKA but abolished the left shift in the dose-response relation elicited by PKA. Mutation of serine residues 339 and 340 to alanine were without effect on PKA dependent regulation of Na/H exchange transport. These studies indicate that NHE-RF inhibits basal rabbit renal BBM Na/H exchange activity-an effect which is augmented by PKA. The amino acid sequences in the polypeptide containing only the NH2-terminal PDZ domain of NHE-RF have no intrinsic activity as an inhibitor but appears to be required for the full-length NHE-RF to express its full inhibitory effect on the BBM Na/H exchanger. One or more of the serine residues at positions 287, 289, and/or 290 represent the critical PKA phosphorylation site(s) on the NHE-RF protein that mediates the physiologic effect of cAMP on the renal BBM Na/H exchanger.
Expert Medical Testimony
Authors: Burton L. Wise
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Several recent letters inThe Journalhave been addressed to the problem of expert medical testimony. I believe the solutions suggested have been only palliative and inadequate. I believe that the system needs total restructuring. The problem appears to be related to the basic difference between the practice of law and the practice of medicine. The practice of law in this country is based on an adversary system, whereas the practice of medicine is not or should not be. I believe that most physicians who serve as expert witnesses are basically fair and honest and attempt to be as fair as possible in their testimony. Admittedly, there are a few "professional witnesses" as mentioned in previous letters, but the majority of physicians do attempt to be honest. However, the system is what gets in the way. It seems that the most honest physician, when he is hired
Credo of a Surgeon Following the Academic Line
Authors: Owen H. Wangensteen
Journal: JAMA (1961)

TO HAVE the privilege of receiving the distinguished Passano Award is a great honor and one I never dreamed would come to me. It is with a sense of inadequacy and humility I find my name linked in the illustrious company of Passano Laureates, who have been cited for researches that have halted the devastation of scourges and improved the lot of mankind. The splendor of this occasion is owing primarily to the distinguished guests whom Mr. Gill and his associates of the Passano Award Committee have gathered here tonight. At the outset, let me say the Passano Award, in this instance, belongs as much to my school as to me, and to my colleagues, whose labors in research have done much to bring recognition to the Medical School of the University of Minnesota. We hear much discussion of what constitutes basic and applied research. One of the Passano Award
Ghrelin attenuates hepatocellular injury and liver fibrogenesis in rodents and influences fibrosis progression in humans
Authors: Montserrat Moreno, Javier F. Chaves, Pau Sancho-Bru, Fernando Ramalho, Leandra N. Ramalho, Maria L. Mansego, Carmen Ivorra, Marlene Dominguez, Laura Conde, Cristina Millán, Montserrat Marí, Jordi Colmenero, Juan J. Lozano, Pedro Jares, Josep Vidal, Xavier Forns, Vicente Arroyo, Juan Caballería, Pere Ginès, Ramón Bataller
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

There are no effective antifibrotic therapies for patients with liver diseases. We performed an experimental and translational study to investigate whether ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone with pleiotropic properties, modulates liver fibrogenesis. Recombinant ghrelin was administered to rats with chronic (bile duct ligation) and acute (carbon tetrachloride) liver injury. Hepatic gene expression was analyzed by way of microarray analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The hepatic response to chronic injury was also evaluated in wild-type and ghrelin-deficient mice. Primary human hepatic stellate cells were used to study the effects of ghrelin in vitro . Ghrelin hepatic gene expression and serum levels were assessed in patients with chronic liver diseases. Ghrelin gene polymorphisms were analyzed in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Recombinant ghrelin treatment reduced the fibrogenic response, decreased liver injury and myofibroblast accumulation, and attenuated the altered gene expression profile in bile duct–ligated rats. Moreover, ghrelin reduced the fibrogenic properties of hepatic stellate cells. Ghrelin also protected rats from acute liver injury and reduced the extent of oxidative stress and inflammation. Ghrelin-deficient mice developed exacerbated hepatic fibrosis and liver damage after chronic injury. In patients with chronic liver diseases, ghrelin serum levels decreased in those with advanced fibrosis, and ghrelin gene hepatic expression correlated with expression of fibrogenic genes. In patients with chronic hepatitis C, polymorphisms of the ghrelin gene (−994CT and −604GA) influenced the progression of liver fibrosis. Conclusion: Ghrelin exerts antifibrotic effects in the liver and may represent a novel antifibrotic therapy. (Hepatology 2010;51:974–985.)
Protoporphyrin-induced Cholestasis in the Isolated In Situ Perfused Rat Liver
Authors: Dennis L. Avner, Randall G. Lee, Malcolm M. Berenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

The pathogenesis of liver disease in protoporphyria has been presumed to result from the hepatic deposition of protoporphyrin. To examine the effects of protoporphyrin on hepatic bile flow and histopathology, studies were performed employing an isolated, in situ, rat liver perfusion system. Rat livers in the control group were perfused with 0-80 μmol sodium taurocholate/h. Rat livers in the experimental group were perfused with sodium taurocholate and (a) sufficient quantities of protoporphyrin to produce maximal canalicular secretion and (b) perfusate protoporphyrin concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM.
Mesenchymoma of the lung (so called hamartoma): a review of 154 parenchymal and endobronchial cases.
Authors: J M van den Bosch, S S Wagenaar, B Corrin, J R Elbers, P J Knaepen, C J Westermann
Journal: Thorax (1987)

In a series of 154 patients (116 male and 38 female) with so called pulmonary hamartoma the peak incidence was in the sixth decade, with only three patients less than 20 years of age. Sequential radiographs showed that in 55 patients the tumour first appeared in adult life and that in 53 it progressively increased in size. The age incidence and progressive growth leads to the conclusion that the tumour is a benign neoplasm rather than a hamartoma, consisting of various connective tissues intersected by clefts lined by respiratory epithelium. The epithelial elements are regarded as entrapped non-neoplastic inclusions and the tumour as a purely mesenchymal neoplasm: the name mesenchymoma therefore seems the most appropriate. There were two recurrences after simple enucleation, 10 and 12 years later. A total of 142 tumours were parenchymal, and only 12 were endobronchial. All lobes were affected but there was a slight preponderance in the left upper lobe. Four patients had two (synchronous) mesenchymomas. There was an associated bronchial carcinoma in 11 patients, synchronous in six and metachronous in five.
Social Desirability Bias in Self-rated Presenteeism Among Resident Physicians—Reply
Authors: Anupam B. Jena, Valerie G. Press, Vineet M. Arora
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Palmitate and glycerol kinetics during brief starvation in normal weight young adult and elderly subjects.
Authors: S Klein, V R Young, G L Blackburn, B R Bistrian, R R Wolfe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Data obtained in vitro suggest that the ability to mobilize fat decreases with age. We determined lipolytic rates in vivo in normal weight young adult (22-33 yr) and elderly (65-77 yr) subjects using a simultaneous infusion of [1,2-13C2]palmitate and [2H5]glycerol. The subjects were studied after a 12-h fast and again after 60-82 h of fasting. When lipolysis was expressed per unit of adipose tissue the values for the young adults were more than double those for the elderly (P less than 0.05). However, the amount of body fat in the elderly was twice that of the young adults, so that lipolysis per unit of body weight was similar in both groups. These results demonstrate that lipolysis per unit of adipose tissue is lower in elderly subjects. This may be due to their increase in body fat, however, since the total amount of potential energy mobilized from adipose tissue was similar to that of the young adults.
Heart Disease in Infancy and Childhood
Authors: Thomas W. Rowland
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Since the second edition (1967), the management of congenital heart disease has evolved substantially, and the scope of pediatric cardiology has widened into such areas as a preventive cardiology, exercise physiology, and noninvasive diagnostic techniques. The new third edition, 156 pages shorter than its precursor, retains the usual clinical textbook format, but much weeding of material was necessary to allow any comprehensive approach to the subject. The strength of this book continues to be its superlative chapters relating to specific forms of congenital heart anomalies. These excellent reviews have been well updated. Thoroughly and lucidly written, they are supplemented with clear diagrams and illustrations. Dr Richard VanPraagh's discussion of the segmental approach to cardiac diagnosis and the comprehensive review of patent ductus arteriosus by Dr Richard Rowe stand out particularly. Once beyond the didactics of congenital heart disease, however, certain inadequacies in covering the whole of the "new" pediatric cardiology
FINAL TRANSMURAL EXTENT OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AT 4-MONTH CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE CAN BE PREDICTED BY 2-DIMENSIONAL SPECKLE TRACKING STRAIN IMAGING IN THE ACUTE PHASE
Authors: Mario Previtali, Michela Cottini, Sergio Leonardi, Claudia Raineri, Annalisa Turco, Margherita Calcagnino, Guido Tavazzi, Fiorenza Fava, Erica Ferrara, Luigi Oltrona Visconrti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Lehrbuch der Psychiatrie
Authors: Roy R. Grinker
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In 1911 Eugen Bleuler published the first edition of his famous<i>Textbook of Psychiatry</i>, which he saw through 6 editions. This year the 10th edition appears, with the help of Villinger, Scheidegger, Hess, Stransky, and Reisner. Nowhere in the English language is such a well-rounded one-volume textbook to be found. However, the 629 pages are not all useful to the American reader, since the last 60 pages are devoted to German, Austrian, and Swiss law as applied to psychiatry. There is a fairly large index, not including names, but practically no references to the literature. Nevertheless this famous book, thoroughly revised, is highly recommended.
Long-term Effects of Dieting on Resting Metabolic Rate in Obese Outpatients
Authors: Thomas A. Wadden
Journal: JAMA (1990)

There is growing concern that dieting may adversely affect the metabolic rate and exacerbate efforts to control weight. In this study we measured the resting metabolic rate nine times over 48 weeks in 18 obese women (108.0 +/- 3.1 kg) who were randomly assigned to one of two dietary conditions. Nine patients consumed approximately 5021 kJ/d (1200 kcal/d) throughout the 48 weeks, while the other nine consumed a 1757-kJ/d (420-kcal/d) diet for 16 of the first 17 weeks and a conventional reducing diet for the remainder of treatment. All patients increased their physical activity, primarily by walking. During the first 5 weeks, the fall in metabolic rate was more than double the relative reduction in weight. By contrast, at week 48, the metabolic rate of patients in the two conditions was reduced by 9.4% +/- 4.0% and 8.3% +/- 2.2%, respectively, while weight was reduced by 16.6% +/- 2.7% and 19.5% +/- 2.7%, respectively. Thus, neither dietary regimen, combined with modest physical activity, was associated with long-term reductions in resting metabolic rate that exceeded decreases anticipated with the achievement of a lower body weight.
Quality improvement report: Clinical screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in Northern Ireland
Authors: S L Maxwell
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The incidence of late diagnosed developmental dysplasia of the hip requiring surgery in Northern Ireland is high. The reported incidence was 1.14 per 1000 children born during 1983-7.Comparative retrospective study.Clinical screening programme in Northern Ireland. Key measure for improvement: Reduced rate of operative intervention in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip detected after 6 months of age.Increased emphasis on staff training, introduction of a centralised nurse led clinic to improve access to orthopaedic surgeons, and increased use of ultrasonography.The incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip diagnosed after 6 months in children born between January 1991 and December 1997 fell to 0.59 per 1000, presumably due to improved early detection. Nevertheless, 29 (16%) of the affected hips were not diagnosed when the child was first referred in the first 3 months of life. In addition, for 27 affected hips in children diagnosed after the age of 6 months there was a known risk factor (family history or breech delivery).Improvements to screening processes can reduce late incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip. Further steps to improve detection in children with known risk factors and rate of detection at first referral could reduce late presentation further.
Evidence based medicine: looking forward and building on what we have learnt
Authors: D. Tovey, R. Churchill, L. Bero
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Greenhalgh and colleagues’ commentary on the state of evidence informed healthcare is timely.1 However, labelling this as a “crisis” and the plea for a “return” to a mythical golden past are misguided.

The solution does not involve looking backwards, and headings such as “Return to real evidence based medicine” are unhelpful. The world has moved on. Evidence is continually evolving to reflect the needs …
Hemodynamic Evaluation of Glucagon in Symptomatic Heart Disease
Authors: PAUL W. ARMSTRONG, HERMAN K. GOLD, WILLARD M. DAGGETT, W. GERALD AUSTEN, CHARLES A. SANDERS
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Glucagon was administered as a 5 mg intravenous bolus in 26 patients. Studies were performed in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory and soon after cardiac surgery. When the response to glucagon was compared on the basis of functional classification, patients with class I and II heart disease had a significantly greater increase in cardiac output (+700 ml) than patients with class III and IV heart disease (+100 ml). Isoproterenol augmented cardiac output by a significantly greater amount (+2500 ml) than glucagon in eight of these patients. It is concluded that glucagon is a less effective inotropic agent than isoproterenol and that glucagon's usefulness is limited in patients with advanced symptomatic heart disease.
Glutaminyl cyclase inhibition attenuates pyroglutamate Aβ and Alzheimer's disease–like pathology
Authors: Stephan Schilling, Ulrike Zeitschel, Torsten Hoffmann, Ulrich Heiser, Mike Francke, Astrid Kehlen, Max Holzer, Birgit Hutter-Paier, Manuela Prokesch, Manfred Windisch, Wolfgang Jagla, Dagmar Schlenzig, Christiane Lindner, Thomas Rudolph, Gunter Reuter, Holger Cynis, Dirk Montag, Hans-Ulrich Demuth, Steffen Rossner
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
ANGIOGRAPHIC RESTENOSIS AND ITS CLINICAL IMPACT AFTER BELOW-THE-KNEE ANGIOPLASTY
Authors: Osamu iida, Yoshimitsu Soga, Daizo Kawasaki, Terutoshi Yamaoka, Kenji Suzuki, Yusuke Miyashita, Shinsuke Nanto, Masaaki Uematsu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Treatment of Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome with Home Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: David M. Ferney, Katherine Deschryver-Kecskemeti, Ray E. Clouse
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1986Treatment of Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome with Home Total Parenteral NutritionDAVID M. FERNEY, M.D., KATHERINE DESCHRYVER-KECSKEMETI, M.D., RAY E. CLOUSE, M.D.DAVID M. FERNEY, M.D., KATHERINE DESCHRYVER-KECSKEMETI, M.D., RAY E. CLOUSE, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-4-588_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is characterized by nonfamilial, generalized, gastrointestinal polyposis (retention type) associated with diarrhea, weight loss, and ectodermal changes (1). The attendant effects of the disorder on nutrient absorption and food intake with concomitant intestinal protein losses can result in inanition. Remissions of this idiopathic syndrome have been reported, yet the prognosis is generally considered poor; many deaths are attributable to malnutrition (2, 3). We recently evaluated a patient with classic features of the syndrome.A 66-year-old white man had had 6 months of progressive anorexia, hypogeusia, vomiting, and diarrhea accompanied by complete loss of scalp...References1. DANIELLUDWIGLEWINRUPRECHTRAJACICHSCHWABE ESKRGA. The Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: an analysis of clinical and pathologic features and therapy in 55 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 1982;61:293-309. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. FREEMANANTHONYMILLERWARIN DPDA. Cronkhite Canada syndrome: a new hypothesis. Gut. 1985;26:531-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. JONESPAONE AD. Canada-Cronkhite syndrome in an 82-year-old woman. Am J Med. 1984;77:555-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KATAYAMAKIMURAKONG YMM. Cronkhite-Canada syndrome associated with a rectal cancer and adenomatous changes in colonic polyps. Am J Surg Pathol 1985;9:65-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. RUSSELLBHATHALST JOHN DPD. Complete remission in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. Gastroenterology. 1983;85:180-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCronkhite–Canada SyndromeParaneoplastic SyndromesCronkhite–Canada syndrome six decades on: the many faces of an enigmatic diseaseThe skin: a mirror to the gutA case of Cronkhite–Canada syndrome presenting with adenomatous and inflammatory colon polypsApplication of Technetium-99m-Labeled Human Serum Albumin Scan to Assist Surgical Treatment of Protein-Losing Enteropathy in Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome: Report of A Case 1 April 1986Volume 104, Issue 4Page: 588-588KeywordsDiarrheaEatingMalnutritionNutrientsProteinsTotal parenteral nutritionVomitingWeight loss Issue Published: 1 April 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Jury awards $28bn in punitive damages to former smoker
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A Los Angeles jury has awarded $28bn (£18bn; £29bn) punitive damages to Betty Bullock, aged 64, of Newport Beach, California, a former smoker with lung cancer, against tobacco giant Philip Morris. It is the largest punitive damage amount ever awarded to an individual in a smoking case, and is likely to be reduced on appeal.

Michael Piuze, the lawyer who represented Ms Bullock, had won the previous record, $3bn, in California last year ( BMJ 2001;321:1445). In September …
Skin trauma and corticosteroids.
Authors: J Sneddon
Journal: BMJ (1972)

sary.The stimulation is used purely as an educational aid to increase the patient's awareness of the pelvic floor musculature in order that she can actively retrain the muscles herself by repeated exercises.It seems to be a reasonable rather than an extreme view to try to cure stress in- continence, for merely to control it with continuous electrical stimulation involves the permanent use of an electrode bearing device either in the vagina or anal canal and recurrent expense on batteries to the patient ad infinitum.It also seems reasonable to co- operate with physiotherapists whose special experience and skill can increase the effec- tiveness of these modern techniques.-Weare, etc.,