tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-90: Essential kinases for human metastatic cells pertaining to c-Met signaling
Authors: Nanping Ai, Ed Harlow, Wenliang Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Kinases play key roles in the regulation of many cellular processes and are postulated to participate in the development of metastatic capability. To test the role of kinases in tumor progression, we compared pairs of non-metastatic and metastatic tumor cells, a commonly used model, to study the cellular changes that accompany metastasis. As such, we performed arrayed shRNA screens to determine how kinase requirements for survival and proliferation varied between the matched cell lines. These screens revealed patterns of kinase requirements among 4 pairs of cell lines. Of particular interest, we identified a set of kinases that were essential predominately for metastatic cells, including c-Met. In vivo metastasis experiments are underway to evaluate which kinases can promote metastasis when ectopically expressed in otherwise non-metastatic cells. Since inhibition of these kinases phenocopied c-Met inhibition, we also sought to test if any of these kinases are functionally linked to c-Met signaling. Indeed, several of the identified kinases, including PRKCZ, became essential when immortalized melanocytes were made tumorigenic and metastatic by introduction of activated c-Met. Biochemical and genetic rescue experiments are currently ongoing to further examine the links between these genes and c-Met. These studies offer new insights into the cellular signaling pathways operating in metastatic cancer cells and also suggest potential targets to treat metastatic cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-90. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-90
Influence of Preoperative Radiation Field on Postoperative Leak Rates in Esophageal Cancer Patients after Trimodality Therapy
Authors: Aditya Juloori, Susan L. Tucker, Ritsuko Komaki, Zhongxing Liao, Arlene M. Correa, Stephen G. Swisher, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Steven H. Lin
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

Postoperative morbidities, such as anastomotic leaks, are common after trimodality therapy (chemoradiation followed by surgery) for esophageal cancer. We investigated for factors associated with an increased incidence of anastomotic leaks.Data from 285 esophageal cancer patients treated from 2000 to 2011 with trimodality therapy were analyzed. Anastomotic location relative to preoperative radiation field was assessed using postoperative computed tomographic imaging. Logistic regression was used to evaluate for factors associated with any or clinically relevant (CR) (≥ grade 2) leaks.Overall anastomotic leak rate was 11% (31 of 285), and CR leak rate was 6% (17 of 285). Multivariable analysis identified body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.17; OR, 1.11, 95% CI, 1.01-1.22), three-field surgery (OR, 10.01; 95% CI, 3.83-26.21; OR, 4.83; 95% CI, 1.39-16.71), and within radiation field ("in-field") anastomosis (OR, 5.37; 95% CI, 2.21-13.04; OR, 8.63; 95% CI, 2.90-25.65) as independent predictors of both all grade and CR leaks, respectively. While patients with distal esophageal tumors and Ivor-Lewis surgery had the lowest incidence of all grade (6.5%) and CR leaks (4.2%), most of the leaks were associated with the anastomosis constructed within the field of radiation (in-field: 39% and 30% versus out-of-field: 2.6% and 1.0%, respectively, for total and CR leaks, p less than 0.0001, Fisher's exact test).Esophagogastric anastomosis placed within the preoperative radiation field was a very strong predictor for anastomotic leaks in esophageal cancer patients treated with trimodality therapy, among other factors. Surgical planning should include a critical evaluation of the preoperative radiation fields to ensure proper anastomotic placement after chemoradiation therapy.
Benchmark Dose for Cadmium-Induced Renal Effects in Humans
Authors: Yasushi Suwazono, Salomon Sand, Marie Vahter, Agneta Falk Filipsson, Staffan Skerfving, Jonas Lidfeldt, Agneta Åkesson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Our goal in this study was to explore the use of a hybrid approach to calculate benchmark doses (BMDs) and their 95% lower confidence bounds (BMDLs) for renal effects of cadmium in a population with low environmental exposure.Morning urine and blood samples were collected from 820 Swedish women 53-64 years of age. We measured urinary cadmium (U-Cd) and tubular effect markers [N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and human complex-forming protein (protein HC) ] in 790 women and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR; based on serum cystatin C) in 700 women. Age, body mass index, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and blood lead levels were used as covariates for estimated GFR. BMDs/BMDLs corresponding to an additional risk (benchmark response) of 5 or 10% were calculated (the background risk at zero exposure was set to 5%) . The results were compared with the estimated critical concentrations obtained by applying logistic models used in previous studies on the present data.For both NAG and protein HC, the BMDs (BMDLs) of U-Cd were 0.5-1.1 (0.4-0.8) microg/L (adjusted for specific gravity of 1.015 g/mL) and 0.6-1.1 (0.5-0.8) microg/g creatinine. For estimated GFR, the BMDs (BMDLs) were 0.8-1.3 (0.5-0.9) microg/L adjusted for specific gravity and 1.1-1.8 (0.7-1.2) microg/g creatinine.The obtained benchmark doses of U-Cd were lower than the critical concentrations previously reported. The critical dose level for glomerular effects was only slightly higher than that for tubular effects. We suggest that the hybrid approach is more appropriate for estimation of the critical U-Cd concentration, because the choice of cutoff values in logistic models largely influenced the obtained critical U-Cd.
Cyclosporine in Severe Ulcerative Colitis Refractory to Steroid Therapy
Authors: Simon Lichtiger, Daniel H. Present, Asher Kornbluth, Irwin Gelernt, Joel Bauer, Greg Galler, Fabrizio Michelassi, Stephen Hanauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

There has been no new effective drug therapy for patients with severe ulcerative colitis since corticosteroids were introduced almost 40 years ago. In an uncontrolled study, 80 percent of 32 patients with active ulcerative colitis refractory to corticosteroid therapy had a response to cyclosporine therapy.
The Importance of Biopsy Procedures
Authors: Anthony E. Maas
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I am taking issue with several of the statements made by Dr. George E. Moore in his article, "The Importance of Biopsy Procedures" (<b>205</b>:917, 1968). Dr. Moore states that clinicians should know how to prepare and stain frozen section and imprint preparations of surgical material. It seems to me that a surgeon's and his preceptee's time is better spent learning and practicing the minutiae of surgical procedures on their patients than to try to acquire some measure of adeptness in a procedure that basically belongs to another specialty. The accurate interpretation of frozen section material requires knowledge, experience, and skill. It would be a very unusual surgeon who would have the background in surgical pathology to do as well in frozen section diagnosis as the pathologist. While the diagnosis by frozen section of a grossly obvious carcinoma may not create a serious problem even for the
US approves new anti-leukaemia drug
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A new oral drug to treat chronic myeloid leukaemia has been approved in record time by the US Food and Drug Administration.

At a news conference in Washington, DC, attended by the US secretary of health and human services, Tommy Thompson, and the director of the National Cancer Institute, Dr Richard Klausner, the administration announced its approval of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec).

The new drug, manufactured by Novartis of Basle, Switzerland, was approved after a review of the clinical data lasting only two and a half months. The drug has also proved effective against rare gastrointestinal stromal tumours …
Comparison of Oral Bambuterol and Inhaled Salmeterol in Patients with Symptomatic Asthma and Using Inhaled Corticosteroids
Authors: GRAHAM K. CROMPTON, JON G. AYRES, GURNAM BASRAN, GIANFRANCO SCHIRALDI, VITO BRUSASCO, ARNE EIVINDSON, AUDREY H. JAMIESON, HÅKAN OLSSON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Salmeterol inhaled twice-daily is now being used more frequently as additional treatment in asthma insufficiently controlled by inhaled corticosteroids. We compared oral bambuterol in a dose of 20 mg taken once daily in the evening with inhaled salmeterol at 50 μ g taken twice daily in 126 asthmatic patients (60 bambuterol, 66 salmeterol) aged 18 to 74 yr who were treated for at least 4 wk with inhaled corticosteroids at a constant dose of 400 to 2,000 μ g/d or with oral corticosteroids at ⩽ 20 mg/d. The patients were able to use a pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) efficiently, and had an FEV1 of 40 to 85% of the predicted normal value. During a run-in period, patients had to show at least one nocturnal or early awakening caused by asthma symptoms that required rescue medication, and a ⩾ 15% overnight decrease in peak expiratory flow (PEF) on 3 of the preceding 7 d, in order to be randomized into this double-blind, double dummy, multicenter parallel group study (2-wk run-in period and 6 wk of treatment). There was no significant difference between bambuterol and salmeterol in morning change from baseline in PEF (p = 0.53). The median increases in morning PEF were 50 L/min for bambuterol and 55 L/min for salmeterol. Other variables (evening PEF, percent of overnight decrease in PEF, number of awakenings, percent of nights with an awakening, number of puffs of rescue medication, asthma symptoms during the day and night, and mean tremor score) also showed no significant difference between bambuterol and salmeterol. Both treatments, at the doses given, were well tolerated. Once-daily oral bambuterol is a convenient, effective, and less expensive alternative to twice-daily inhaled salmeterol for treating nocturnal asthma.
New Anti-HIV Drugs and Treatment Strategies Buoy AIDS Researchers
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

FOR THE FIRST time in recent years, the mood among many AIDS researchers is uncharacteristically upbeat. Promising results from studies of a new class of antiviral drugs, presented at the Third Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Washington, DC, a few weeks ago, have infused optimism into a field more accustomed to frustration and disappointment. "There's a lot of excitement and a real sense of optimism that we're making progress," said Douglas D. Richman, MD, an AIDS researcher from the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, and vice chair for the meeting's scientific program committee. Researchers at the meeting also said that a better understanding of the immunopathology of HIV is creating a new sense of direction regarding treatment strategies. "Just last year, a keynote speaker for this meeting summed up the state of the field as 'confusion reigns,'" said Alvan E. Fisher, MD, clinical associate professor
CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING ASSESSMENT OF DIASTOLIC FUNCTION IN CARDIOMYOPATHIC STATES IN COMPARISON TO HEALTHY SUBJECTS AS ASSESSED BY A NOVEL FEATURE TRACKING METHOD
Authors: Deepu Alexander, Kanna Posina, Esosa Odigie-Okon, Nabil Shafi, Kathleen Bertman, Lynette Duncanson, Rena Toole, Simcha Pollack, Madhavi Kadiyala
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
AFFECTIONS OF THE SPINAL COED IN EPILEPTICS.
Authors: WILLIAM N. BULLARD
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In consideration of the immense amount of literature on the subject of epilepsy it is somewhat surprising that practically nothing has been written in regard to the condition of the spinal cord in this disease and that there are practically no observations on this subject. This may be accounted for in part by the fact that the source of the striking motor and mental symptoms has almost from the first been recognized as due to the brain, or at least of intracranial origin, and in part also because so long as no anatomic or pathologic change in the cerebrum or medulla could be demonstrated, it seemed useless to examine a portion of the body less affected and where the lesions, if such existed, were likely to be even more obscure. A third cause is that in this country, at least, it is only of late years that the spinal cords
Absence of SPARC results in increased cardiac rupture and dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Mark W.M. Schellings, Davy Vanhoutte, Melissa Swinnen, Jack P. Cleutjens, Jacques Debets, Rick E.W. van Leeuwen, Jan d'Hooge, Frans Van de Werf, Peter Carmeliet, Yigal M. Pinto, E. Helene Sage, Stephane Heymans
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2008)

The matricellular protein SPARC (secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine, also known as osteonectin) mediates cell–matrix interactions during wound healing and regulates the production and/or assembly of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This study investigated whether SPARC functions in infarct healing and ECM maturation after myocardial infarction (MI). In comparison with wild-type (WT) mice, animals with a targeted inactivation of SPARC exhibited a fourfold increase in mortality that resulted from an increased incidence of cardiac rupture and failure after MI. SPARC-null infarcts had a disorganized granulation tissue and immature collagenous ECM. In contrast, adenoviral overexpression of SPARC in WT mice improved the collagen maturation and prevented cardiac dilatation and dysfunction after MI. In cardiac fibroblasts in vitro, reduction of SPARC by short hairpin RNA attenuated transforming growth factor β (TGF)–mediated increase of Smad2 phosphorylation, whereas addition of recombinant SPARC increased Smad2 phosphorylation concordant with increased Smad2 phosphorylation in SPARC-treated mice. Importantly, infusion of TGF-β rescued cardiac rupture in SPARC-null mice but did not significantly alter infarct healing in WT mice. These findings indicate that local production of SPARC is essential for maintenance of the integrity of cardiac ECM after MI. The protective effects of SPARC emphasize the potential therapeutic applications of this protein to prevent cardiac dilatation and dysfunction after MI.
Short course of steroids in home treatment of children with acute asthma.
Authors: A Deshpande, S A McKenzie
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study of the treatment of children with acute asthma at home showed that a three day course of prednisolone hastened improvement of both asthmatic symptoms and peak expiratory flow rates. Thus all asthmatic children who present with an acute attack should be considered for treatment with corticosteroids in addition to bronchodilators not only to prevent possible deterioration but also to speed recovery.
Incident perioperative AF increased risk for ischemic stroke at 1 year, with greater risk after noncardiac surgery
Authors: Patrick Pullicino
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club20 January 2015Incident perioperative AF increased risk for ischemic stroke at 1 year, with greater risk after noncardiac surgeryPatrick Pullicino, MDPatrick Pullicino, MDUniversity of Kent, Canterbury, England, UK (P.P.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-162-2-011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationGialdini G, Nearing K, Bhave PD, et al. Perioperative atrial fibrillation and the long-term risk of ischemic stroke. JAMA. 2014;312::616-22. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25117130Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: Geriatrics: Neurology: References1. Vanassche T, Lauw MN, Eikelboom JW, et al. Risk of ischaemic stroke according to pattern of atrial fibrillation: analysis of 6563 aspirin-treated patients in ACTIVE-A and AVERROES. Eur Heart J. 2014 Sep 3. [Epub ahead of print]. [PMID: 25187524] Google Scholar2. Seet RC, Friedman PA, Rabinstein AA. Prolonged rhythm monitoring for the detection of occult paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in ischemic stroke of unknown cause. Circulation. 2011;124:477-86. [PMID: 21788600] Google Scholar3. Camm AJ, Lip GY, De Caterina R, et al; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG). 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:2719-47. [PMID: 22922413] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Patrick Pullicino, MDAffiliations: University of Kent, Canterbury, England, UK (P.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 January 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 January 2015Volume 162, Issue 2Page: JC11KeywordsAtrial fibrillationCardiac surgeryHospitalizationsHypertensionInpatientsIschemic strokePeripheral vascular diseaseRacial and ethnic issuesStrokeSurgery ePublished: 20 January 2015 Issue Published: 20 January 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Systematic in vitro nanotoxicity study on anodic alumina nanotubes with engineered aspect ratio: Understanding nanotoxicity by a nanomaterial model
Authors: Ye Wang, Gagandeep Kaur, Aneta Zysk, Vasilios Liapis, Shelley Hay, Abel Santos, Dusan Losic, Andreas Evdokiou
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Abstract 1032: Impact of HOXC9 recapitulation on cancer biology and clinical outcome in gastric cancer
Authors: Sungmin Moon, Changsoo Hong, Sangrok Lee, Xue-Feng Zhao, Hyewon Lee, Semi Kim, Sang-Uk Han, Ik-Joo Chung, Young-Kyu Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The HOX genes encode transcription factors and may be implicated in the growth and the progression of many types of tumors. There are growing lines of evidence that dysregulation of HOX gene expression plays important roles in cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the level of HOXC9 expression during gastric cancer progression and the impact of its alteration on cancer biology and clinical outcome. HOXC9 expression was evaluated in normal mucosa, malignant legions, gastric cancer tissues by RT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. We established AGS gastric cancer cell in which HOXC9 was knock-down by shRNA and conditionally knock-down the HOXC9 expression by tetracycline-regulated gene expression (Tet-Off) system. The effect of HOXC9 knock-down on cell proliferation and apoptosis in AGS gastric cancer line were analyzed by tetrazolium salt-based proliferation assay (WST assay) and FACScan. Knockdown of HOXC9 by specific shRNA (67.3%) increased apoptosis, compared to scambled (7.3%) after 48 hours treatment of doxycycline, and increased active form of cellular apoptosis-related enzyme capsae-9, caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, whereas decreased expression of Bcl-xL, a mitochondria dependent anti-apoptosis factor. There was a gain or substantial increase of HOXC9 protein expression according to gastric cancer progression. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that HOXC9 overexpression is correlated with inferior disease-specific survival (P&amp;lt;0.001). multivariate Cox repression analysis revealed HOXC9 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor (Hazard ratio, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.99; P=0.047). We then demonstrated that HOXC9 directly regulated Bcl-xL transcription by binding to a HOXC9-responsive element in the Bcl-xL promoter by reporter gene assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). In conclusion, these results suggest that HOXC9 overexpressed in advanced gastric cancer setting and its expression should be useful as a prognostic marker in gastric cancer patients. HOXC9 dependent Bcl-xL overexpresion may be an important mechanism by which HOXC9 protects gastric cancer cells from apoptosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1032.
World Health Focus of Fogarty International Center
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
COMA FOLLOWING MEDICATION WITH TETRACHLORETHYLENE
Authors: J. H. Sandground
Journal: JAMA (1941)

On the score of safety and high efficacy especially against hookworms, tetrachlorethylene (C<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub>), first introduced into human medicine via the veterinary field by Hall and Shillinger<sup>1</sup>in 1925, enjoys great repute as approaching the ideal in anthelmintics. Its sponsors expressed the opinion that tetrachlorethylene would be found to be safer than carbon tetrachloride, a view which has been amply substantiated by later clinical experience. This is also borne out by the pharmacologic studies of Lamson, Robbins and Ward,<sup>2</sup>who wrote as follows: "Tetrachlorethylene differs from carbon tetrachloride in being absorbed little, if at all, in the intestinal tract of dogs in the absence of fat. If fat is present, or if enormous doses are given to animals of different species, absorption may take place with symptoms or even death, but these symptoms are those of an overdose of hypnotics, not those of chemical change secondary
The Normal Composite Electrocardiogram
Authors: PAUL S. EZRA
Journal: Circulation (1961)

N EWMAN recently has had this to say about the interpretation of the scalar electrocardiogram: ". . . (part) of the proc- ess involves quite a remarkable mental ac- complishmnent.It involves an estimate of the magnitude and direction of the QRS deflec- tions relative to that of the T waves, and then a comparison of the estimates with normal experience.