tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evidence Based Cardiology
Authors: John F. Moran
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings15 December 1998Evidence Based CardiologyJohn F. Moran, MDJohn F. Moran, MDLoyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IllinoisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-12-199812150-00047 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Evidence Based Cardiology; Yusuf S, Cairns JA, Camm AJ, Fallen EL, Gersh BJ; eds. 1123 pages. London: BMJ; 1998. $168.00. ISBN 0727911716. Order phone 44-1-71-387-4499.Field of medicine: Cardiovascular medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Undergraduate and graduate practitioners of cardiology at all levels.Purpose: To offer a balance between objective and empirical therapy in heart disease, integrating clinical expertise with available clinical evidence from the literature.Content: The book presents an extensive review of clinical trials in all areas of cardiovascular medicine. The authors consider the operating characteristics of various tests, prevention strategies, cost-effectiveness, and quality-of-life measurements. An extensive section ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1998Volume 129, Issue 12Page: 1085KeywordsArteriesCardiology and cardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular therapyClinical trialsForecastingGraduate medical educationStable coronary artery diseaseUndergraduatesVeins ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3175: Importance of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXC7 in breast cancer cells
Authors: Nahed M. Hawsawi, Felicity E.B. May
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand the relative importance of the two chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 in the response of estrogen-responsive and estrogen-nonresponsive breast cancer cells to the chemokine CXCL12. CXCR4 has long been accepted, whereas CXCR7 was identified more recently as a CXCL12 receptor. CXCL12 is expressed by stromal and epithelial cells in breast tumors and has been shown to be regulated by estrogen in estrogen-responsive breast cancer epithelial cells. CXCL12 activates the two seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7, that transduce signals via heterotrimeric G-proteins. Methods The expression of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7 was measured in five estrogen-responsive and five estrogen-nonresponsive breast cancer cell lines by qRT-PCR and western transfer analysis. The ability of CXCL12 to activate the CXCR4 receptors was measured by western transfer analysis with a phospho-specific antibody. The motogenic responses of different breast cancer cell lines to CXCL12 were measured in modified Boyden chamber and in vitro wounding assays. The relative importance of CXCR4 in the CXCL12 response was probed with a specific inhibitor of CXCR4 receptor. Results The expression of CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7 varied greatly between the ten breast cancer cell lines analyzed. CXCL12 expression was highest in estrogen-responsive T-47D cells whereas CXCR4 and CXCR7 expression was highest in estrogen-nonresponsive MDA-MB-231 cells. CXCL12 protein expression was not detected in protein extracts from breast cancer cells. CXCL12 was detected however after secretion into medium conditioned by T-47D and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Chemotaxis assays showed that CXCL12 stimulated breast cancer cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner and cells that expressed higher concentrations of the receptors were more responsive to CXCL12. CXCR4 phosphorylation was stimulated by CXCL12 in some but not all breast cancer cells. AMD3100, a competitive inhibitor of CXCL12 binding to CXCR4, inhibited CXCL12-induced migration. Maximum inhibition of migration stimulated by 12.5 nM CXCL12 was achieved with 5 µM AMD3100. Conclusion This study shows that CXCL12 is an autocrine motogen in estrogen-responsive breast cancer cells. CXCL12 stimulates migration of both estrogen-responsive and estrogen-nonresponsive breast cancer cells. The sensitivity of the migratory response of breast cancer cells to CXCL12 depends on the relative concentrations of CXCR4 and CXCR7. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3175.
The Ombudsman Reports — Rationing of Health Care — Units of Medical Time
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

ALTHOUGH British doctors can practice medicine with far less fear of litigation than their American colleagues, they are sometimes involved in complaints that patients make against certain aspects of their treatment under the National Health Service. In the past, such complaints have been infrequent, and it was partly because patients seemed uncertain about how to express a grievance that Sir Alan Marre, a retired senior civil servant, was appointed Health Service Commissioner or ombudsman.His terms of reference provide chiefly for the investigation of complaints about administrative failures, complaints about the actions of family physicians and about the clinical judgment . . .
Fine epitope mapping of the human SS-B/La protein. Identification of a distinct autoepitope homologous to a viral gag polyprotein.
Authors: H Kohsaka, K Yamamoto, H Fujii, H Miura, N Miyasaka, K Nishioka, T Miyamoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

To analyze the autoepitopes on the SS-B/La protein, a cDNA covering the entire region coding the protein was isolated from a human cDNA library. The cDNA was subcloned into an expression plasmid vector, pEX, to express its protein product as a fusion protein with cro-beta-galactosidase in Escherichia coli. A recombinant pEX plasmid expressing three-fourths of the protein (amino acid 112-408) was also constructed. The antigenicities of these recombinant proteins were confirmed with a patient's serum. Their various deletion mutants were produced with exonuclease III treatment from the 3' ends of the cDNAs without changing the proper translational frame. Immunoblot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate the reactivities of the recombinant proteins with patients' sera to determine the autoepitopes. A narrow segment (amino acid 88-101) and the region where several epitopes were located (amino acid 283-338) on the SS-B/La protein were universally recognized by all the sera with anti-SS-B/La antibodies examined. An additional epitope region (amino acid 179-220) was recognized by some patients' sera. Computer analysis revealed that the most distinct autoepitope, amino acid 88-101, had a striking homology to a retroviral gag polyprotein. These findings indicate that exogenous or endogenous retroviruses may play a role in initiation of the anti-SS-B/La autoimmunity.
Vascular Diseases: Current Controversies
Authors: Ronald W. Busuttil
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The authors, Drs Philip N. Sawyer and Richard M. Stillman, have put together a monograph that attempts to interface basic biologic considerations with clinical applications in peripheral vascular diseases. Although the title suggests a focus on current controversies, it can be more aptly described as a summary of the authors' experiences in investigative as well as clinical management of patients suffering from various vascular disorders. Part 1 of the monograph deals with the physiochemical properties of blood and blood conduits and the various pharmacologic agents that affect thrombosis and hemostasis. In this section, some interesting historical and experimental observations are presented relating physiochemical properties of blood and vessels to the eventual development of thrombosis. The two chapters dealing with anticoagulants and fibrinolytic agents review a large number of pharmacologic agents, both experimental and currently available, that have an effect on coagulation and clot lysis. Regrettably, the data presented in these
Multiple melanoma and atypical melanocytic naevi—evidence of an activated and expanded melanocytic system
Authors: RONA M. MacKIE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Twelve patients with malignant melanoma and/or multiple atypical naevi are described. Of these, three were familial and four were sporadic cases of a syndrome characterized by multiple irregular melanocytic naevi and multiple primary cutaneous malignant melanomata. The other five were cases of multiple atypical naevi without malignant melanoma. Three new features emerge from this study: (1) in these patients malignant melanoma may develop on clinically normal skin; (2) melanocyte counts in normal skin adjacent to the lesion show an expanded population of epidermal melanocytes; (3) most of these patients (9/12) give a history of significant sun exposure. The unsatisfactory terminology previously used in describing this syndrome is discussed, and the term expanded and activated melanocyte syndrome is offered as an alternative.
Syringe and Needle Exchange to Prevent HIV Infection-Reply
Authors: Don C. Des Jarlais, Samuel R. Friedman, Jo L. Sotheran
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Fernando raises both methodologic and policy issues. We reported that increased use of syringe exchange was accompanied by decreases in injecting with used syringes and in passing used syringes on to others. Dr Fernando states that we should have considered "rented" as well as "used, lent, and exchanged" syringes. In this analysis, injections with rented, used syringes were a subset of injection with used syringes. The frequency of injections with rented, used syringes was too low to analyze for 1990 through 1992 (see "shooting gallery injections" in Table 3). Our previous reports have addressed expansion of the street market in injection equipment in response to IDUs' concerns about AIDS.<sup>1</sup> We agree that no single sample could be representative of the New York City IDU population. Our sample, however, is one of the most representative available, for reasons detailed in the article, including the citywide scope of
The immunobiology of basal cell carcinoma: an in situ monoclonal antibody study
Authors: D.R. SYNKOWSKI, PHYLLIS SCHUSTER, J.C. ORLANDO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article The immunobiology of basal cell carcinoma: an in situ monoclonal antibody study Get access D.R. SYNKOWSKI, D.R. SYNKOWSKI Departments of Dermatology, Good Samaritan Hospital, 5601 Loch Raven Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21239, U.S.A. Dr D.R.Synkowski, Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Good Samaritan Hospital, 5601 Loch Raven Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21239, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PHYLLIS SCHUSTER, PHYLLIS SCHUSTER Departments of Dermatology, Good Samaritan Hospital, 5601 Loch Raven Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21239, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.C. ORLANDO J.C. ORLANDO Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Good Samaritan Hospital, 5601 Loch Raven Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21239, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue 4, 1 October 1985, Pages 441–446, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02358.x Published: 01 October 1985 Article history Accepted: 08 January 1985 Published: 01 October 1985
The short form of RON is expressed in acute myeloid leukemia and sensitizes leukemic cells to cMET inhibitors
Authors: C Fialin, C Larrue, F Vergez, J E Sarry, S Bertoli, V Mansat-De Mas, C Demur, E Delabesse, B Payrastre, S Manenti, S Roche, C Récher
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Ordering patterns and clinical impact of cardiovascular nuclear medicine procedures.
Authors: L Goldman, A R Feinstein, W P Batsford, L S Cohen, A Gottschalk, B L Zaret
Journal: Circulation (1980)

We analyzed the ordering and impact of the first 171 fee-for-service cardiovascular nuclear medicine procedures at one hospital. The ordering physicians said 72% of the study results were useful and 28% contributed to changes in patient management. Experienced cardiology reviewers, however, felt that only 65% of studies were appropriately ordered, that 97% of appropriately ordered studies provided potentially useful information, and that 12% of all studies made important contributions to appropriate changes in patient management. The revieweres were most likely to rate exercise thallium procedures and procedures ordered by physicians from distant hospitals as being appropriately ordered and having important clinical impact. We conclude that (1) ordering physicians and revieweres may disagree substantially in their estimates of the impact of a diagnostic test; and (2) although a test may yield important information in appropriate patients, its total clinical impact will depend on how often it is suitably ordered and used.
Internet Support Groups for Depression: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Thomas K. Houston, Lisa A. Cooper, Daniel E. Ford
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

This study described the characteristics of users of Internet-based depression support groups and assessed whether use predicts change in depression symptoms and social support.Users (N=103) of these groups were recruited into the study cohort and followed prospectively. Demographic characteristics, support group use, depression care, score on the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and score on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D Scale) were assessed by Internet survey at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months.Users' demographic characteristics included median age of 40 years, 78.6% women, and 56.3% unmarried. Most (86.4%) were currently depressed (CES-D Scale score >22). Over 50% of participants heavily used the support group (5 or more hours in 2 weeks), and 37.9% preferred online communication to face-to-face counseling. Social support scores were low, compared with those from other studies of primary care patients with depression. The overall follow-up rate was 81.6% at 6 or 12 months. During follow-up, 72.6% of responders still participated in the online group; 81.0% were still receiving face-to-face depression care. Heavy users of the Internet groups were more likely to have resolution of depression (CES-D Scale score < or =22) during follow-up than less frequent users, after adjustment for age, gender, employment, and baseline CES-D Scale score with logistic regression. Social support scores did not change during follow-up.Users had high depression severity scores, were socially isolated, and perceived considerable benefit from the group. Internet depression support groups warrant continued research regarding supplementation of face-to-face depression care.
More about ancient Egyptian
Authors: A. L Pahor
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following More about ancient Egyptian Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Largest-Ever Antismoking Effort Aims to Form Grass-Roots Coalitions
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE FEDERAL government is beginning to disburse what will be a total of $135 million for a 7-year program designed to establish grass-roots antismoking coalitions. The American Cancer Society is pitching in with another $25 million to $30 million. The American Stop Smoking Intervention Study (ASSIST) is not a study at all, but an attempt to put into action findings from the National Cancer Institute's research studies that have proven the efficacy of methods to help people quit or not start smoking. Contracts have been awarded to 17 state health departments for a total of more than $7 million this year alone. "This is, quite simply, the largestever national program to combat public health enemy number one—cigarette smoking," said Louis W. Sullivan, MD, secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, when announcing the contract recipients at a press conference in Washington, DC. He predicts that the program will
Desmoid Tumour Resembling a Pseudo-Pancreatic Cyst in a Male
Authors: E. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1956)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA OUTSIRNALtibial muscles but also had atrophied sternomastoids, paresis of frontalis and orbicularis muscles, and a wasted tongue.It is quite probable, therefore, that that case may have been an unusual type of dystrophia myotonica.The predominance of involvement of the leg muscles in the present case indicates that it is an example of distal myo- pathy.In view of the electrical abnormalities found in the peronei muscles, and the "inverted champagne bottle" appearance of the lower limbs, the diagnosis of Charcot- Marie-Tooth syndrome was excluded by the absence of any sensory changes and by the normal upper limbs.An interesting point in the above case was the presence of slight spasticity and hyperreflexia in the lower limbs.In most cases of muscular dystrophy the tendon jerks are reduced or lost pari passu with the muscle-wasting.A number of cases have, however, been recorded in which muscular dystrophy was associated with spasticity in Fried- reich's ataxia (Bramwell, 1893;Hodge, 1897;Rook and Dana, 1890).There was in this case, however, no evidence of cerebellar ataxia or of any of the commonly found features of Friedreich's disease.Creatinuria is a common finding in muscular dystrophy, and is found even on a creatine-free diet (Boothby, 1932).It is often associated with a diminished urinary excretion of creatinine.These findings have been attributed to the loss of muscle tissue occurring in the disease.This patient's urine showed an increased creatine excretion, but the amount of creatinine present in the urine was within normal limits.Bony changes of rarefaction and increased fragility have been described in-muscular dystrophy by Spiller (1905aSpiller ( , 1905b) ) and Merle and Raulot-Lapointe (1909), but these were not evident in this case.
Definition of impairment essential for prosecuting 'drunken drivers'
Authors: Terra Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Effective prosecution for "drunken driving" requires a definition of impairment acceptable in all jurisdictions. This is particularly important today because, even by conservative estimates, ethyl alcohol plays a role in at least half of all fatal automobile accidents (eg, Ross, HL:<i>Deterring the Drinking Driver</i>, Lexington, Mass, Lexington Books, 1984; and Henry [ed]:<i>Todd, Sanford, Davidsohn Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods</i>, ed 17, Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1984, p 368). The need for an objective, enforceable, and well-defined test for ethanol concentration in a body fluid therefore seems straightforward enough. But as the countless books, pamphlets, and policy documents on defending or deterring the "drunken driver" suggest, there is a tremendous amount of confusion—among those outside the field—about what is the best test to measure blood alcohol concentrations and even about the units in which to report these concentrations. To convict a driver of "driving under the influence," prosecutors must show that the driver's behavior has
Human PTRF mutations cause secondary deficiency of caveolins resulting in muscular dystrophy with generalized lipodystrophy
Authors: Yukiko K. Hayashi, Chie Matsuda, Megumu Ogawa, Kanako Goto, Kayo Tominaga, Satomi Mitsuhashi, Young-Eun Park, Ikuya Nonaka, Naomi Hino-Fukuyo, Kazuhiro Haginoya, Hisashi Sugano, Ichizo Nishino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Caveolae are invaginations of the plasma membrane involved in many cellular processes, including clathrin-independent endocytosis, cholesterol transport, and signal transduction. They are characterized by the presence of caveolin proteins. Mutations that cause deficiency in caveolin-3, which is expressed exclusively in skeletal and cardiac muscle, have been linked to muscular dystrophy. Polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF; also known as cavin) is a caveolar-associated protein suggested to play an essential role in the formation of caveolae and the stabilization of caveolins. Here, we identified PTRF mutations in 5 nonconsanguineous patients who presented with both generalized lipodystrophy and muscular dystrophy. Muscle hypertrophy, muscle mounding, mild metabolic complications, and elevated serum creatine kinase levels were observed in these patients. Skeletal muscle biopsies revealed chronic dystrophic changes, deficiency and mislocalization of all 3 caveolin family members, and reduction of caveolae structure. We generated expression constructs recapitulating the human mutations; upon overexpression in myoblasts, these mutations resulted in PTRF mislocalization and disrupted physical interaction with caveolins. Our data confirm that PTRF is essential for formation of caveolae and proper localization of caveolins in human cells and suggest that clinical features observed in the patients with PTRF mutations are associated with a secondary deficiency of caveolins.
Eosinophil viability-enhancing activity in sputum from patients with bronchial asthma, Contributions of interleukin-5 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Authors: T Adachi, S Motojima, A Hirata, T Fukuda, S Makino
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

To investigate the mechanisms of eosinophil activation in the airways of patients with asthma, we attempted to detect eosinophil-activating cytokines in sputum extracts obtained from asthmatic patients during acute attacks or in remission by eosinophil survival assay. Purified guinea pig eosinophils were cultured in the presence or absence of sputum extracts, and the eosinophil viability was measured on Day 4. Eosinophil viability in the presence of sputum extracts derived from patients during moderate or severe attacks was significantly higher than that for sputum obtained from patients in remission or during mild attacks or from those with other respiratory diseases, including bronchiectasis and diffuse panbronchiolitis (p < 0.05). The total symptom score during the week prior to sputum collection correlated with the eosinophil viability (rs = 0.79, p < 0.01). Eosinophil viability-enhancing activity (EVEA) in the sputum of asthmatic patients with moderate or severe attacks was neutralized by anti-IL-5 antibody and by anti-GM-CSF antibody by 19.9 +/- 13.7% and 76.9 +/- 8.2% (mean +/- SEM, n = 7), respectively. EVEA was completely neutralized by a combination of anti-IL-5 and anti-GM-CSF antibodies. There was a significant correlation between the concentration of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in sputum extracts and the eosinophil viability (rs = 0.54, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that IL-5 and GM-CSF are present in the sputum during asthma attacks and that these cytokines are at least partially responsible for eosinophil activation in asthma.