tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply: Intractable Hiccups and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Ronald J. Brzana
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 December 1997Reply: Intractable Hiccups and Gastroesophageal Reflux DiseaseRonald J. Brzana, MD and Kenneth L. Koch, MDRonald J. Brzana, MDMilton S. Hershey Medical Center; Hershey, PA 17033Search for more papers by this author and Kenneth L. Koch, MDMilton S. Hershey Medical Center; Hershey, PA 17033Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Nausea is a common symptom that can range in intensity from irritating and bothersome to incapacitating. Dr. Hatahet reminds us of another common symptom, hiccups, which can also range from irritating to disabling. Dr. Hatahet's observation underscores the point that gastroesophageal reflux disease is a great masquerader in its own right and that the possibility of reflux should be entertained when clinicians evaluate a variety of symptoms that can be related to the stomach or esophagus. Nausea or hiccups are not trivial symptoms. Establishment of a specific diagnosis and a successful therapeutic outcome are appreciated by the patient ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Milton S. Hershey Medical Center; Hershey, PA 17033 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 12Page: 1135KeywordsEsophagusGastroesophageal reflux diseaseNauseaStomach Issue Published: 15 December 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Mls-1-like superantigen in the MA/MyJ mouse is encoded by a new mammary tumor provirus that is distinct from Mtv-7.
Authors: C K Rudy, E Kraus, E Palmer, B T Huber
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Mls-1 is an endogenous superantigen that leads to in vivo deletion and in vitro stimulation of T cell receptor (TCR) V beta 6-, 7-, 8.1-, and 9-expressing cells. The MA/MyJ mouse deletes the identical set of TCR from its mature T cell repertoire; however, it does not contain Mtv-7, the murine mammary tumor provirus (MMTV), whose sag gene encodes Mls-1. Interestingly, the superantigen activity of this mouse strain segregates with a new mammary tumor provirus, Mtv-43, not seen in other inbred strains. The predicted amino acid sequence of the sag gene of Mtv-43 was compared with that of Mtv-7. Strikingly, the COOH terminus of the two molecules is very similar, while all other MMTV-encoded superantigens differ 100% in this segment.
Degos's Syndrome.
Authors: P. Hall-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1968)

common in the enterobacteria of the infant population of Dublin.Dr. Anderson suggests that the R factors in the Tees-side strains had probably been transferred from non-pathogenic Re+ B. coli.Our findings support his view.One possible method of preventing the spread of R factors within a hospital is to isolate all infants ecreting R+ enterobacteria on admission.As it is a routine practice in most children's hospitals to culture the faeces of infants on admission for pathogenic enterobacteria, I suggest that a direct sensitivity test should also be done on the faeces.All infants carrying R* strains should be isolated within the hospital.It would not be possible or necessary to screen for R factors, because it is most probable that if the organism is multiresistant it is R+.
LUNG DEVELOPMENT IN THE CHILD.
Authors: J. ALLEN GILBERT
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The prominence of affections of the lungs in various diseases, either as complications or primary elements, gives this organ perhaps a higher importance than any other organ in the body. The emphasis given to tuberculosis is not the result of a mere scare, nor is the fear of it to be characterized as a simple "phthisiophobia" without sufficient foundation. Statistics show the danger only too plainly and until specifics are obtained for the cure of the various diseases the human race must resort to prophylaxis as its chief means of rescue. Even when cure is accomplished the result is obtained by attention to the individual as well as to the causative germ or agent. It is not the intention of this article to discuss the degree to which pulmonary diseases are infectious, contagious or communicable but, accepting the fact that the lungs are a fertile field for the cultivation and
Severe hyponatremia after repeated intravenous administration of desmopressin
Authors: Ralph E. Weinstein, Robert D. Bona, Arnold J. Altman, John J. Quinn, Steven J. Weisman, Ann Bartolomeo, Frederick R. Rickles
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract Desmopressin (DDAVP) has recently been found to improve hemostasis in patients with congenital or acquired disorders of coagulation and to reduce operative blood loss in patients with normal hemostasis undergoing certain surgical procedures. Despite its potent antidiuretic effect, severe hyponatremia after the intravenous administration of DDAVP is felt to be rare. We report four cases of severe hyponatremia with serious clinical sequelae occurring in patients with underlying coagulopathies who were treated prophylactically with DDAVP to improve hemostasis prior to surgical procedures. Each patient received multiple (3–22) doses of DDAVP and was given intravenous hydration with hypotonic solutions before developing clinical signs and laboratory evidence of hyponatremia. We believe that the risk of significant hypoantremia after treatment with intravenous DDAVP may be higher than is generally appreciated and that patients undergoing surgical procedures, who often receive multiple doses of DDAVP and intravenous hydration, are at particular risk for this complication. Hypotonic intravenous solutions should be avoided and serum sodium levels should be monitored frequently in those patients receiving multiple doses of DDAVP.
Anti-EGFL7 antibodies enhance stress-induced endothelial cell death and anti-VEGF efficacy
Authors: Leisa Johnson, Mahrukh Huseni, Tanya Smyczek, Anthony Lima, Stacey Yeung, Jason H. Cheng, Rafael Molina, David Kan, Ann De Mazière, Judith Klumperman, Ian Kasman, Yin Zhang, Mark S. Dennis, Jeffrey Eastham-Anderson, Adrian M. Jubb, Olivia Hwang, Rupal Desai, Maike Schmidt, Michelle A. Nannini, Kai H. Barck, Richard A.D. Carano, William F. Forrest, Qinghua Song, Daniel S. Chen, Louie Naumovski, Mallika Singh, Weilan Ye, Priti S. Hegde
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Many oncology drugs are administered at their maximally tolerated dose without the knowledge of their optimal efficacious dose range. In this study, we describe a multifaceted approach that integrated preclinical and clinical data to identify the optimal dose for an antiangiogenesis agent, anti-EGFL7. EGFL7 is an extracellular matrix-associated protein expressed in activated endothelium. Recombinant EGFL7 protein supported EC adhesion and protected ECs from stress-induced apoptosis. Anti-EGFL7 antibodies inhibited both of these key processes and augmented anti-VEGF-mediated vascular damage in various murine tumor models. In a genetically engineered mouse model of advanced non-small cell lung cancer, we found that anti-EGFL7 enhanced both the progression-free and overall survival benefits derived from anti-VEGF therapy in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we identified a circulating progenitor cell type that was regulated by EGFL7 and evaluated the response of these cells to anti-EGFL7 treatment in both tumor-bearing mice and cancer patients from a phase I clinical trial. Importantly, these preclinical efficacy and clinical biomarker results enabled rational selection of the anti-EGFL7 dose currently being tested in phase II clinical trials.
The Mechanism of Action of Metaraminol (Aramine).
Authors: C. A. Chidsey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963The Mechanism of Action of Metaraminol (Aramine).C. A. Chidsey, M.D., D. L. Harrison, M.D., E. Braunwald, M.D., F.A.C.P.C. A. Chidsey, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, D. L. Harrison, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. Braunwald, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-713_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe mechanism of action of metaraminol, a vasopressor widely employed today in clinical practice, has not been precisely defined. The present study was carried out to investigate this problem in open-chest anesthetized dogs. The response of systolic arterial pressure and right ventricular contractile force, recorded with a Walton-Brodie strain gauge arch, to various doses of metaraminol was measured in 4 reserpine-pretreated, catecholamine-depleted dogs and in 4 control dogs. The increase in contractile force produced by 30 μg/kg metaraminol was decreased from an average of 125% in the control to 22% in the amine-depleted animals. Similar reductions in the pressor... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 713-713KeywordsBlood pressureSystolic pressureVasopressors Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: 2012 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Sameer A. Parikh, Ayalew Tefferi*
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Abstract Disease Overview: Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder that is classified as a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm by the 2008 World Health Organization classification of hematopoietic tumors. It is characterized by absolute monocytosis (&gt;1 × 10 9 L −1 ) in the peripheral blood that persists for at least 3 months. Patients may present with symptoms related to cytopenias and/or an underlying hypercatabolic state with drenching night sweats, splenomegaly, and weight loss. Diagnosis: The diagnosis of CMML rests on a combination of morphologic, histopathologic, and chromosomal abnormalities in the bone marrow, after careful exclusion of other conditions (both malignant and nonmalignant) that can cause monocytosis. Numerous molecular abnormalities have been recently recognized in patients with CMML—unfortunately, no single pathognomonic finding specific to CMML has been identified thus far. Risk stratification: The International Prognostic Scoring System for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cannot be used to risk stratify patients with CMML because this model excluded patients with a leukocyte count &gt;12 × 10 9 L −1 . Other risk stratification models such as the MD Anderson prognostic score and Dusseldorf score have been published. In the only model that took karyotype into account, bone marrow blasts ≥ 10%, leukocyte count ≥ 13 × 10 9 L −1 , hemoglobin &lt; 10 g/dL, platelet count &lt; 100 × 10 9 L −1 , and presence of trisomy 8, abnormalities of chromosome 7, or complex karyotype were found to be independent predictors of adverse survival. Risk‐adapted therapy: The Food and Drug Administration has approved azacitidine and decitabine for the treatment of patients with CMML based on two pivotal trials in MDS. Novel classes of agents including immunomodulatory drugs, nucleoside analogs, and small‐molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors are being investigated in the treatment of CMML. With the advent of reduced intensity conditioning, an allogeneic stem cell transplant has also become a viable option for a subset of patients. Am. J. Hematol. 87:610–619, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Children held in UK detention centres being failed by system, says report
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Children at Yarl’s Wood immigration centre are subject to a “symptomatic” failure to provide a standard of NHS care that any other child in the United Kingdom could expect, says a damning report by the Children’s Commissioner.

In the report, “The arrest and detention of children subject to immigration control,” Professor Al Aynsley-Green highlighted his concerns about “significant areas” of health care provided to 1000 children at Yarl’s Wood immigration removal centre in Bedfordshire.

Professor Aynsley-Green’s report draws attention to four incidents that were recorded as leading to referrals to the emergency department at Bedford Hospital. Inspectors found that in one case there was an “unacceptably poor nurse consultation,” which compounded a …
Missense Mutation in the Pore Region of <i>HERG</i> Causes Familial Long QT Syndrome
Authors: D. Woodrow Benson, Calum A. MacRae, Mark R. Vesely, Edward P. Walsh, J.G. Seidman, Christine E. Seidman, Carol Ann Satler
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Long QT syndrome (LQT) is an inherited cardiac disorder that results in syncope, seizures, and sudden death. In a family with LQT, we identified a novel mutation in human ether-a-go-go –related gene (HERG) , a voltage-gated potassium channel. Methods and Results We used DNA sequence analysis, restriction enzyme digestion analysis, and allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization to identify the HERG mutation. A single nucleotide substitution of thymidine to guanine (T1961G) changed the coding sense of HERG from isoleucine to arginine (Ile593Arg) in the channel pore region. The mutation was present in all affected family members; the mutation was not present in unaffected family members or in 100 normal, unrelated individuals. Conclusions We conclude that the Ile593Arg missense mutation in HERG is the cause of LQT in this family because it segregates with disease, its presence was confirmed in three ways, and it is not found in normal individuals. The Ile593Arg mutation may result in a change in potassium selectivity and permeability leading to a loss of HERG function, thereby resulting in LQT.
Surgical preadmission clinic.
Authors: J A Williams, J M Yates
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Vaccination 5 4 4 0c2 °2 ----Treatment O 2 3 4 Time (weeks)cantly (t = 4. 185, P < 0001) lower than in controls.The finding that co-trimoxazole in dosages commonly used for curing bacterial in- fections in man partially suppresses antibody response warrants more detailed investiga- tion.Whether the effect is due to the com- bined drug or trimethoprim alone also remains to be investigated.-Weare, etc.,
Control of grain size, shape and quality by OsSPL16 in rice
Authors: Shaokui Wang, Kun Wu, Qingbo Yuan, Xueying Liu, Zhengbin Liu, Xiaoyan Lin, Ruizhen Zeng, Haitao Zhu, Guojun Dong, Qian Qian, Guiquan Zhang, Xiangdong Fu
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Growth in Medicare Expenditures for Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Donald S. Likosky, Weiping Zhou, David J. Malenka, William B. Borden, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Jonathan S. Skinner
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Medicare expenditures continue to grow rapidly, but the reasons are uncertain.To compare expenditures from 1998 through 1999 and 2008 for Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Cross-sectional analysis of a random 20% sample of fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries admitted with AMI from 1998 through 1999 (n = 105,074) and a 100% sample for 2008 (n = 212,329).Per-beneficiary expenditures, standardized for price and adjusted for risk and inflation. Expenditures were measured across 4 periods: overall (index admission to 1 year), index (within the index admission), early (postindex admission to 30 days), and late (31-365 days). RESULTS Compared with the subjects from 1998 through 1999, those in 2008 were older and had more comorbidities but slightly less ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Although there was a 19.2% decline in the rate of hospitalizations for AMI, overall expenditures per patient increased by 16.5% (absolute difference, $6094). Of the total risk-adjusted increase in expenditures, 25.6% occurred within 30 days (22.0% attributed to the index admission), and 74.4% happened 31 to 365 days after the index admission. Spending per beneficiary within 30 days increased by $1560 (7.5%), and spending between 31 and 365 days increased by $4535 (28.0%). Expenditures for skilled nursing facilities, hospice, home health agency, durable medical equipment, and outpatient care nearly doubled 31 to 365 days after admission. Mortality within 1 year declined from 36.0% in 1998 through 1999 to 31.7% in 2008; of the decline, 3.3% was in the 30 days following admission, and 1.0% was in days 31 to 365.Between 1998 and 2008, Medicare expenditures per patient with an AMI substantially increased, with about three-fourths of the increase in expenditures occurring 31 to 365 days after the date of hospital admission. Although current bundled payment models may contain expenditures within 30 days of an AMI, they do not contain spending beyond 30 days.
Evaluation of Factors Associated with Recruitment in Breast Cancer Clinical Trials in a Specialized Breast Cancer Centre.
Authors: J. Lemieux, G. Forget, O. Brochu, S. Camden, L. Provencher, J. Robert, G. Cantin, C. Desbiens, C. Doyle, J. Morin, B. Poirier
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Recruitment of patients (pts) in cancer clinical trials has been reported to be between 3-5%. Very few data come from Canada. Methods: The objective was to measure the recruitment and its associated characteristics in breast cancer clinical trials for non-metastatic breast cancer pts. This was a retrospective cohort study at the Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, a specialized breast cancer centre in Québec City, Canada. Clinical trials opened between 2004 and 2008 were used. For each protocol, main criteria were used to define the population under study (e.g. triple negative breast cancer). Charts were identified from our database and reviewed in decreasing chronological order of diagnosis. Staging, hormone receptors status and Her2 status were available from the database. All charts were reviewed to assess eligibility criteria (inclusion and exclusion criteria). Also, information was sought in the notes about whether or not the protocol has been proposed to the pt, if the pt accepted and if not, reason(s) for refusal. Protocol and physicians characteristics were collected. Results: A total of 9 protocols were studied and 244 charts identified (relates to 704 pt-protocols because one pt could be assessed for more than one protocol if applicable). Eligibility could not be assessed for 19% (n=138) pt-protocols. Among all pt-protocols, 74.4% met all the eligibility criteria. There was a note in the chart, about protocol being proposed to a potentially eligible pt, in 13.8% of the pt-protocols. Overall, 9.7% of pt-protocols were recruited. Among patients who had a protocol offered, 74.2% accepted. Data on characteristics associated with recruitment will be presented at the meeting. Conclusion: Enrollment in clinical trials in a specialized breast cancer centre is slightly higher than the 3-5% generally reported but still low. Interventions should focus on finding ways to offer a clinical trial when available to every suitable eligible patient. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5122.
Regenerating islet-derived 3-alpha is a biomarker of gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease
Authors: James L. M. Ferrara, Andrew C. Harris, Joel K. Greenson, Thomas M. Braun, Ernst Holler, Takanori Teshima, John E. Levine, Sung W. J. Choi, Elisabeth Huber, Karin Landfried, Koichi Akashi, Mark Vander Lugt, Pavan Reddy, Alice Chin, Qing Zhang, Samir Hanash, Sophie Paczesny
Journal: Blood (2011)
Further Observations on Penicillin-Treated Cardiovascular Syphilis
Authors: JOSEPH EDEIKEN, WILLIAM T. FORD, MORTIMER S. FALK, JOHN H. STOKES
Journal: Circulation (1952)

One hundred and eleven cases of cardiovascular syphilis were treated with penicillin and, of these, 13 were in congestive heart failure, eight suffered from angina pectoris, and three had a history of coronary occlusion. Except for mild fever in a few instances therapeutic shock was not observed in any of the patients and therapeutic paradox, although sought for, was also not observed. There is evidence to suggest that penicillin has a favorable influence upon cardiovascular syphilis; angina pectoris and congestive heart failure do not contraindicate the use of penicillin in cardiovascular syphilis.
Does early life exposure to antibiotics increase the risk of eczema? A systematic review
Authors: T. Tsakok, T.M. McKeever, L. Yeo, C. Flohr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

A number of studies have suggested that early life exposure to antibiotics can lead to an increased risk of developing eczema. This systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies, involving children or young adults aged 0-25 years, assessed the impact of antibiotic exposure either in utero or during the first 12 months of life on subsequent eczema risk. Twenty studies examined the association between prenatal and/or postnatal exposure to antibiotics and development of eczema. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for the 17 studies examining postnatal antibiotic exposure was 1.41 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-1.53]. The pooled OR for the 10 longitudinal studies was 1.40 (95% CI 1.19-1.64), compared with a pooled OR of 1.43 (95% CI 1.36-1.51) for the seven cross-sectional studies. There was a significant dose-response association, suggesting a 7% increase in the risk of eczema for each additional antibiotic course received during the first year of life [pooled OR 1.07 (95% CI 1.02-1.11)]. Finally, the pooled OR for the four studies relating to antenatal exposure was 1.30 (95% CI 0.86-1.95). We conclude that exposure to antibiotics in the first year of life, but not prenatally, is more common in children with eczema.
Management of ventricular fibrillation by cardiac arrest teams
Authors: T M Cook, J Handel
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—K Y Tham and colleagues report the results of a telephone survey regarding the management of ventricular fibrillation by doctors in cardiac arrest teams.1 While the responses given to a telephone survey may be accurate, they may not correlate with actual management at cardiac arrests. We are auditing the management of cardiac arrests in our hospital. We will establish …
A SHUTTLE STITCH FOR CLOSING ABDOMINAL AND OTHER WOUNDS.
Authors: JOSEPH B. BACON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

One of the very important points to be observed in closing a wound after a celiotomy is to evert the peritoneal edges and thus avoid adhesions of the viscera to the wound. By any of the old methods of suturing this was a very difficult thing to do and often so tedious that no attempt was made to evert the edges. I have practiced this new stitch now in eight cases and find it an ideal one. I use No. 3 chromicized catgut, and thus have a suture material that, while extra heavy for the peritoneum, is just right for the fasciæ, and, as only a small amount of it is used, the extra size is of small consequence. Any right-angled curved needle with a handle will do, but I am having made one with a glover's needle point and a round eye, so that the same needle will do