tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Symposium: Reproduction in baboons. Preface
Authors: F. Khan-Dawood
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1998)

The ultimate goal of all biomedical research is to obtain a clear understanding of the normal physiology, biochemistry and disease processes which are of relevance to the human.Although some aspects of research can be conducted directly using human subjects, for obvious reasons some experimental paradigms are not ethically and practically feasible.Several animal models including mice, rats, dogs, cats, swine, cattle, goats and sheep are being utilized for medical research and have provided abundant significant correlative data which have proved valuable in the practice of medicine.However, biological differences between these animals and humans often result in inapplicable data.The non-human primates hold a key bridging position between these animal models and the human.There are over 200 primate species which include the Great Apes (chimpanzee, gorillas and orangutans), Lesser Apes (gibbons and siamangs), Old World monkeys including the baboon, New World monkeys (squirrel, cebus and spider), and prosimians.The most commonly used primates are the Old World species and include the rhesus monkey, the long-tailed macaque and the baboon, with the squirrel monkey being the most commonly used New World monkey.The baboon (Papio spp) has been used in medical research since 1927; thus much baseline biochemical data exists for both the male and the female baboons which show close parallelism to the human.Thus, the baboon is presently extensively utilized in numerous areas, including cancer, cardiovascular and pulmonary research, pediatric and periodontal disease, osteoporosis, infectious disease, teratogenesis, neuroscience, immunology, genetics, mental disease, ageing, the development of neurosurgical techniques, and reproduction.The reproductive endocrinology of the female baboon is remarkably similar to that of the human female.Its menstrual cycle is 28-30 days,
Lack of Effect of Walking on Labor and Delivery
Authors: Steven L. Bloom, Donald D. McIntire, Mary Ann Kelly, Heidi L. Beimer, Rebecca H. Burpo, Marcy A. Garcia, Kenneth J. Leveno
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Walking during labor may reduce patients' discomfort and improve outcomes. We conducted a randomized trial of walking during active labor to determine whether it altered the duration of labor or other maternal or fetal outcomes. Women with uncomplicated pregnancies between 36 and 41 weeks' gestation and in active labor were randomly assigned either to walking or to no walking (usual care). Pedometers were used to quantify walking, and the time spent walking was recorded.
FLAGIDA‐lite is an effective regimen for patients between 70 and 80 years with acute myeloid leukemia or refractory anemia with excess blasts‐2 and is feasible as outpatient treatment
Authors: Arancha Bermúdez, German Pérez‐Vázquez, Andres Insunza, Julio Baro, Mercedes Colorado, Eulogio Conde, Zuriñe Díez‐Gallarreta, Maria Luisa Gutiérrez, Monica López‐Duarte, Ignacio Olalla, Pedro Sanroma, Lucrecia Yañez, Arturo Iriondo, Carlos Richard
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract We investigated a FLAGIDA‐lite protocol (fludarabine 40 mg/m 2 /d orally days 1–5, cytarabine 20 mg/m 2 /d subcutaneously days 1–5, G‐CSF 300 μg/d subcutaneously days 1–5, and idarrubicin 15 mg/m 2 /d orally days 1–3) in 38 consecutive patients older than 70 years of age with acute myeloid leukemia (32 patients) or refractory anemia with excess blasts‐2 (six patients) and no prior therapy. Seventy‐nine percent had intermediate/unfavorable karyotype and 79% had a high comorbidity. Overall response was 55% [complete response (CR) 47%] and 37% were refractory. CR rate was 52% in patients between 71 and 79 years of age and 38% in patients 80 years or older. The 4‐week induction mortality was 16% (8% in patients between 70 and 79 years of age and 32% in patients 80 years or older). Overall survival (OS) at 3 years was 22% (31.3% in patients between 70 and 79 years and 15.4% in patients 80 years or older). Relapse‐free survival (RFS) at 3 years was 15%. A total of 65 cycles (47 as induction and 18 as consolidation) were administered, 46 of them (70%) in an outpatient setting. In summary, this FLAGIDA‐lite protocol is an effective and well‐tolerated option for patients between the ages of 70 and 79 years with acute myeloid leukemia or refractory anemia with excess blasts‐2 and is usually feasible as outpatient treatment, but is not beneficial for most patients 80 years or older. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regional variations in British alcohol morbidity rates: a myth uncovered? II: population surveys.
Authors: A Crawford, M A Plant, N Kreitman, R W Latcham
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Regional variations in officially recorded rates of alcohol related morbidity in Britain were investigated by surveying community drinking habits of a randomly selected sample of adults in the Highlands, Tayside, and part of the South East Thames region. Contrary to expectations, patterns of alcohol consumption did not differ in a manner consistent with the much higher rates of alcohol related problems recorded in the north.
EIGHTEEN YEARS OF PERSONAL OBSERVATION OF TUBERCULOSIS IN ASHEVILLE, N. C.
Authors: JOHN HEY WILLIAMS
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In presenting this paper to your honorable body it is well to premise by stating that it is not my intention to exploit any new discovery or vaunt any new mode of treatment. I simply present deductions drawn from a personal observation of over two thousand cases, covering a period of eighteen years; during which time I have been more or less actively engaged in the general practice of medicine in Asheville, N. C., and with, perhaps, special opportunities for such observaticn. My excuse for this paper is, that I believe that the profession at large has a deep interest in such observations, made by one of a fair amount of intelligence and a deep interest in his profession. It is too often true that with the specialist the "wish is father to the thought," and conclusions are reached long before the clinical facts will justify such conclusions. It is
Effect of propranolol on regional myocardial blood flow in acute ischaemia
Authors: B. Pitt, P. Craven
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1970)

In the anaesthetized dog propranolol alters the distribution of intramyocardial blood flow, in that flow is selectively decreased to non-ischaemic areas. The failure of propranolol to reduce flow to ischaemic areas of myocardium may have several explanations which are discussed.
Recanalization of chronic total coronary occlusions using a laser guide wire: The Eu and US total experience
Authors: P.W. Serruys, M. Leon, J.N. Hamburger, J. Popma, W. Rutsch, W. O'Neill, D. Mathey, S. Oesterle, R. Simon, P. Gilmore, E. Fleck, J. Margolis, J. Koolen, F. Litvack, A. Buchwald, J.E. Tcheng
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Basal Release of Nitric Oxide Augments the Frank-Starling Response in the Isolated Heart
Authors: Bernard D. Prendergast, Vadim F. Sagach, Ajay M. Shah
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The Frank-Starling response contributes to the regulation of cardiac output. The major underlying subcellular mechanism is a length-dependent change in myofilament responsiveness to Ca 2+ . Recent studies indicate that nitric oxide decreases myofilament responsiveness to Ca 2+ and modulates myocardial relaxation and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function. We therefore investigated the interaction between nitric oxide and the Frank-Starling response. Methods and Results Isolated ejecting guinea pig hearts (constant afterload and heart rate) were studied before and after interventions. Elevation of filling pressure from 10 to 20 cm H 2 O increased cardiac output, LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and peak LV pressure (LVP max ). In the presence of N G -monomethyl- l -arginine (L-NMMA, 10 μmol/L; n=10) or free hemoglobin (1 μmol/L; n=8), preload-induced increases in cardiac output were significantly attenuated but baseline cardiac output was unaffected. The effects of L-NMMA were inhibited in the presence of excess l -arginine (100 μmol/L; n=6). These changes were not attributable to alterations in coronary flow. Prostaglandin F 2α (0.01 μmol/L; n=6), which reduced coronary flow, failed to alter the cardiac output response to preload elevation. The exogenous nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (1 μmol/L; n=6) reduced cardiac output at the lowest preload but not at higher preloads. LVEDP was elevated after L-NMMA and hemoglobin but reduced after sodium nitroprusside. Conclusions Basal intracardiac production of nitric oxide significantly augments preload-induced rises in cardiac output in the isolated ejecting guinea pig heart. The mechanism appears to be unrelated to changes in coronary flow and may involve direct effects of nitric oxide on myocardial diastolic and/or systolic function.
SNS01-T Modulation of eIF5A Inhibits B-cell Cancer Progression and Synergizes With Bortezomib and Lenalidomide
Authors: Sarah M Francis, Catherine A Taylor, Terence Tang, Zhongda Liu, Qifa Zheng, Richard Dondero, John E Thompson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

The high rates of recurrence and low median survival in many B-cell cancers highlight a need for new targeted therapeutic modalities. In dividing cells, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is hypusinated and involved in regulation of protein synthesis and proliferation, whereas the non-hypusinated form of eIF5A is a potent inducer of cell death in malignant cells. Here, we demonstrate the potential of modulating eIF5A expression as a novel approach to treating B-cell cancers. SNS01-T is a nonviral polyethylenimine-based nanoparticle, designed to induce apoptosis selectively in B-cell cancers by small interfering RNA-mediated suppression of hypusinated eIF5A and plasmid-based overexpression of a non-hypusinable eIF5A mutant. In this study, we show that SNS01-T is preferentially taken up by malignant B cells, inhibits tumor growth in multiple animal models of B-cell cancers without damaging normal tissues, and synergizes with the current therapies bortezomib and lenalidomide to inhibit tumor progression. The results collectively demonstrate the potential of SNS01-T as a novel therapeutic for treatment of a diverse range of B-cell malignancies.
Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products Is a Marker of Type I Cell Injury in Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Tokujiro Uchida, Madoka Shirasawa, Lorraine B. Ware, Katsuo Kojima, Yutaka Hata, Koshi Makita, Gabe Mednick, Zachary A. Matthay, Michael A. Matthay
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is one of the alveolar type I cell-associated proteins in the lung.To test the hypothesis that RAGE is a marker of alveolar epithelial type I cell injury.Rats were instilled intratracheally with 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide or hydrochloric acid. RAGE levels were measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum in the rats and in the pulmonary edema fluid and plasma from patients with acute lung injury (ALI; n = 22) and hydrostatic pulmonary edema (n = 11).In the rat lung injury studies, RAGE was released into the BAL and serum as a single soluble isoform sized approximately 48 kD. The elevated levels of RAGE in the BAL correlated well with the severity of experimentally induced lung injury. In the human studies, the RAGE level in the pulmonary edema fluid was significantly higher than the plasma level (p < 0.0001). The median edema fluid/plasma ratio of RAGE levels was 105 (interquartile range, 55-243). The RAGE levels in the pulmonary edema fluid from patients with ALI were higher than the levels from patients with hydrostatic pulmonary edema (p < 0.05), and the plasma RAGE level in patients with ALI were significantly higher than the healthy volunteers (p < 0.001) or patients with hydrostatic pulmonary edema (p < 0.05).RAGE is a marker of type I alveolar epithelial cell injury based on experimental studies in rats and in patients with ALI.
Tension and Distensibility of Carotid Sinus Wall, Pressoceptors and Blood Pressure Regulation
Authors: C. HEYMANS, A. L. DELAUNOIS, G. VAN DEN HEUVEL-HEYMANS
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

Local carotid sinus application of noradrenaline induces a stimulation of the pressoceptors at different constant physiologic and nonphysiologic intrasinusal pressure ranges. Tension and resistance to stretch of the arterial wall where the pressoceptors are located, are the fundamental factors affecting, at different pressure ranges, those receptors which regulate and moderate reflexly the systemic arterial pressure.
Genome-wide analysis of the maternal-to-zygotic transition in Drosophila primordial germ cells
Authors: Najeeb U Siddiqui, Xiao Li, Hua Luo, Angelo Karaiskakis, Huayun Hou, Thomas Kislinger, J Timothy Westwood, Quaid Morris, Howard D Lipshitz
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

During the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) vast changes in the embryonic transcriptome are produced by a combination of two processes: elimination of maternally provided mRNAs and synthesis of new transcripts from the zygotic genome. Previous genome-wide analyses of the MZT have been restricted to whole embryos. Here we report the first such analysis for primordial germ cells (PGCs), the progenitors of the germ-line stem cells.We purified PGCs from Drosophila embryos, defined their proteome and transcriptome, and assessed the content, scale and dynamics of their MZT. Transcripts encoding proteins that implement particular types of biological functions group into nine distinct expression profiles, reflecting coordinate control at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. mRNAs encoding germ-plasm components and cell-cell signaling molecules are rapidly degraded while new transcription produces mRNAs encoding the core transcriptional and protein synthetic machineries. The RNA-binding protein Smaug is essential for the PGC MZT, clearing transcripts encoding proteins that regulate stem cell behavior, transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. Computational analyses suggest that Smaug and AU-rich element binding proteins function independently to control transcript elimination.The scale of the MZT is similar in the soma and PGCs. However, the timing and content of their MZTs differ, reflecting the distinct developmental imperatives of these cell types. The PGC MZT is delayed relative to that in the soma, likely because relief of PGC-specific transcriptional silencing is required for zygotic genome activation as well as for efficient maternal transcript clearance.
Removal of thioridazine from primary care formulary will result in prescribing vacuum
Authors: N. Wright
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Recently the Committee on the Safety of Medicines recommended that general practitioners should not prescribe thioridazine.1 It recommended that prescribing should be limited to second line treatment in schizophrenia and that prescription should be initiated only by a consultant psychiatrist. The reason was that the drug was thought to be a cause of very rare cardiac deaths by widening the QT interval in an electrocardiogram, leading to a greater risk of developing arrhythmias.

The evidence base to substantiate this decision is not, …
ABC of spinal cord injury. Physiotherapy.
Authors: S Biss, D Grundy, J Russell
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Assisted coughing-Careful coordination and explanation between patient and therapist is vital ifthese techniques are to be successful.(1) The therapist's hands are placed just below the ribs and as the patient coughs the therapist pushes upwards and inwards, taking care not to press down on to the abdomen, thus producing an effective cough.(2) Help can also be given by the therapist ifthe forearm is placed under the lower ribs, pushing upwards and forwards as the patient coughs.(3) A heavily built patient or one with excessive pulmonary secretions will be more effectively treated by two people, one on either side ofthe patient and each having one arm below the ribs and the other on the upper chest wall.
Cancer of the Head and Neck
Authors: Bromley S. Freeman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Physicians interested in the treatment of cancer of the head and neck, who were unable to attend this extensive symposium devoted to many aspects of the topic, will welcome this book. By no means a monograph, these papers are from "an outstanding group of specialists who devote their entire life to these problems... encouraged to give their personal opinions on the basis of their experience, hoping that the information would be... provocative." Although not a composite compendium of all methods and techniques, these papers—some old, but most new—interpret truly international concepts and are everything the editor had planned. Several articles are reviews of previously published papers; the majority have a personal touch and a philosophy invariably present in symposia of this type. A few carry the ornate prose of the speakers, which undoubtedly would have been edited in a monograph; most of the articles are extremely full. It must have
Psoriatic hair follicle cells in culture
Authors: A. J. M. VERMORKEN, B. SHROOT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Psoriatic hair follicle cells in culture Get access A. J. M. VERMORKEN, A. J. M. VERMORKEN Research Unit for Cellular Differentiation and Transformation, University of Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Noord 21,6525 EZ Nijmegen. The NetherlandsCentre International de Recherches Dermatologiques, Sophia Antipolis, 06565 Valbonne Cedexj France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. SHROOT B. SHROOT Centre International de Recherches Dermatologiques, Sophia Antipolis, 06565 Valbonne Cedexj France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s27, 1 July 1984, Pages 73–82, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb15584.x Published: 01 July 1984
Cessation of Recurrent Bleeding from Gastrointestinal Angiodysplasias After Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: MITCHELL S. CAPPELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Recurrent bleeding from gastrointestinal angiodysplasias associated with aortic stenosis ceased after aortic valve replacement in two patients. In one patient numerous gastrointestinal angiodysplasias disappeared, as shown by endoscopy, after aortic valve replacement. Valve replacement may be adequate treatment for gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia associated with aortic stenosis. Elective surgery for angiodysplasias should be postponed until after a trial period to ascertain whether bleeding stops after valve replacement.
Abstract 733: A therapeutic opportunity in melanoma: Targeting CXCR1/2-dependent signaling attenuates therapy resistance
Authors: Sheng Wu, Michelle L. Varney, Seema Singh, Rakesh K. Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Advanced melanoma is one of the most intractable tumors, due to its insensitivity to all current treatment. Systemic chemotherapy is still considered the mainstay of treatment for advanced melanoma with limited survival impact. Failure of most agents is attributed to development of therapy resistance. Our previous findings demonstrate that CXCL-8 is a critical mediator in tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis. Two high affinity receptors for CXCL-8, CXCR1 and CXCR2, are differentially expressed on melanoma and endothelial cells. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that targeting CXCR1/2-dependent signaling will attenuate chemotherapy resistance and will synergistically enhance chemotherapeutic response for malignant melanoma. We used human melanoma cell lines A375P (low metastatic) and A375SM (highly metastatic), which express low and high levels of CXCL-8 respectively. First, we evaluated the role of CXCR1/2 ligands in chemo-resistance. CXCL-1 and -8 mRNA and protein expression was analyzed by quantitative realtime PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, following treatment of dacarbazine and temozolomide. A significant increase in the CXCL-1 and -8 levels was observed in A375P and A375SM cells which was dependent on concentration and duration of chemotherapeutic treatment. In order to test whether blocking CXCR1/2 expression using genetic knock-down modulates chemotherapeutic responses, we used A375SM cells expressing different levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2. Our data suggest that knockdown of CXCR1 significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effect of dacarbazine in vitro. However, we did not observe a similar response in melanoma cells knocked down for CXCR2. Taken together, our preliminary data demonstrate that melanoma cells that survive chemotherapy express higher levels of CXCR1/2 ligands and targeting the CXCR1/2-dependent pathway might be a potential therapeutic approach to be combined with chemotherapy in advanced melanoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 733. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-733
Immune complex orchitis in vasectomized rabbits.
Authors: P E Bigazzi, L L Kosuda, K C Hsu, G A Andres
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

The results of the present study show that bilaterally vasectomized rabbits with high levels of antibodies to sperm antigens frequently develop an orchitis associated with granular deposits of rabbit IgG and C3 in the basement membranes of seminiferous tubules. The immune deposits correspond in location to electron-opaque deposits seen by electron microscopy. The "membranous orchitis" is characterized by thickening of tubular basement membranes, acc-mulation of macrophages and a few polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and destruction of the basal lamina, of the Sertoli and spermatogenetic cells. The pathogenetic role of the immune deposits and the possibility that they contain antigen-antibody complexes is indicated by: (a) selective accumulation of IgG and C3 granular deposits along the basement membranes of seminiferous tubules in rabbits producing high and persistent levels of antibodies to sperm antigens; (b) the elution of immunoglobulins from tissues with chaotropic ion-containing buffers, acid buffers, or heat; (c) the observation that the immuno-globulins accumulated in the testis contain antibody to sperm antigens; and (d) the demonstration of sperm antigens in a location similar to that of IgG and C3. It is postulated that sperm antigen-antibody complexes are formed in the basement membranes of seminiferous tubules when antigens leaking out of the tubules react with specific antibody coming from the circulation. In two rabbits with higher levels of circulating antisperm antibodies and severe orchitis, granular deposits of IgG and C3 were also present in renal glomeruli. Immunoglobulins eluted from the kidneys contained antibody with antisperm activity. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that in some vasectomized rabbits extratesticular lesions may develop by a mechanism comparable to that of chronic serum sickness.
The Impact of Superior Mediastinal Lymph Node Metastases on Prognosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Located in the Right Middle Lobe
Authors: Yukinori Sakao, Sakae Okumura, Mun Mingyon, Hirofumi Uehara, Yuichi Ishikawa, Ken Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Treatment of unilateral visual impairment on preschool vision screening: Study leaves questions unanswered
Authors: Hirekatur V Srinivas
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Clarke et al provide evidence that deferring treatment for amblyopia from age 4 to 5 is not harmful as visual acuity remains the same after treatment.1 Deferring makes it easier to target the population, mobilise resources, and motivate children to wear glasses and patches. They also recommend that …