tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endothelium damage and von Willebrand factor antigen.
Authors: P Elling, A Olsson, H Elling
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

Letters to the editor was noted with low doses of prednisone, however, in contrast with the dramatic im- provement obtained in the original papers.5 6On the other hand, synovial biopsy in our case did not show malignant infiltration.Thus it is reasonable to suggest that the rheumatic manifestations belong to a paraneoplastic syndrome, as has been previously reported with other neoplasms.7To our knowledge this is the first description of peripheral synovitis and pitting oedema as an initial manifestation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.We would like to emphasise the need to consider the possibility of an under- lying malignancy in a patient with these clinical characteristics who is unresponsive to the usual medical treatment.
Passive transfer of anti-laminin 5 antibodies induces subepidermal blisters in neonatal mice.
Authors: Z Lazarova, C Yee, T Darling, R A Briggaman, K B Yancey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Patients with a recently identified subepithelial blistering disease have IgG anti-laminin 5 autoantibodies. To determine if such antibodies can be pathogenic in vivo, we developed and characterized rabbit anti-laminin 5 IgG, and passively transferred these antibodies to neonatal mice. Immune rabbit IgG specifically bound human and murine epidermal basement membranes, immunoblotted and immunoprecipitated all laminin 5 subunits from extracts of human and murine keratinocytes, and showed no reactivity to other keratinocyte proteins or epithelial basement membranes that do not contain laminin 5. Mice (n = 29) receiving purified anti-laminin 5 IgG developed, in a dose-related fashion, circulating anti-laminin 5 antibodies, deposits of rabbit IgG and murine C3 in epidermal basement membranes, and subepidermal blisters of skin and mucous membranes. No alterations developed in controls (n = 14) receiving identical amounts of normal rabbit IgG. Passive transfer of anti-laminin 5 (but not control) IgG to neonatal C5- (n = 3) or mast cell-deficient (n = 3) mice produced subepidermal blisters with the same clinical, histologic, and immunopathologic features as those documented in BALB/c mice. These studies establish an animal model of a human blistering disease that can be used to define disease mechanisms and treatment modalities.
Spinal Cord Tear in Breech Delivery
Authors: Mark C. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1969)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— I was interested in the article, Laceration of the Spinal Cord Related to Breech Delivery, by Allen et al (208:1019, 1969).Some years ago, I saw a typical case of this tragic obstetrical complication in a 3-week-old infant. At that time, I did a myelogram and the radiographic manifestations of complete intraspinal extramedullary block was also present. I could find no references as to the significance of the block, but Dr. Sidney Carter (pediatric neurology) assured me that this had been found several times on his service, and emphasized that surgical exploration of the area was unnecessary.We chose to do nothing, and the child eventually died of respiratory complications. At autopsy, the classical pathological manifestations of cord disruption with meningeal adhesions was present.The point of this letter is to urge that after clinical and myelographic diagnosis of cervical cord disruption after breech delivery, surgical
Iron Stain in Decalcified Marrow
Authors: C. Jack Bark
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Over the past several years, I have noted that decalcified marrow fails to react with Prussian blue stain for iron. The phenomenon does not seem to be mentioned in the literature. This was first noted in examining bone-marrow needle biopsies and clot sections in staging Hodgkin disease. The decalcified needle biopsy specimens showed about 50% reduction in hemosiderin compared to the clot sections, and often when the latter showed normal amounts of iron the decalcified material would have none. The agent we use for decalcification (manufactured by DuPage Kinetic Laboratories, Inc., Downers Grove, Ill) is rapid and therefore very popular, but must also remove iron. This could obviously lead to false-negative results. One simple way to obviate this problem, if only a biopsy core specimen is available, is to first make several "touch" preparations from the marrow biopsy specimen and submit one of these for iron stain.
High Serum Levels of Lactic Dehydrogenase Identify a High-Grade Lymphoma-like Myeloma
Authors: Bart Barlogie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Although conferring a grave prognosis in patients with malignant lymphoma, high levels of serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) are usually not seen in patients with multiple myeloma, a more indolent tumor composed mainly of B cells in their terminal stage of differentiation. Thus, only 2 of 118 patients in earlier phases of myeloma showed marked LDH elevations to more than 500 U/L, whereas such abnormalities were present in 12 of 64 patients with advanced disease progressing despite treatment with vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), dexamethasone (VAD) (median LDH level, 700 U/L). High LDH levels were associated with high serum levels of beta-2-microglobulin, hypercalcemia, extraosseous disease features, a short preceding clinical course as well as a short subsequent survival time. A poor prognosis was also noted in patients with lower LDH in whom marked increments were induced by high-dose chemotherapy; thus, LDH elevations to greater than 300 U/L present before or found after high-dose cytotoxic therapy were observed in about 50% of patients with VAD-resistant myeloma and define a new clinical entity with features of extraosseous disease and an unusually aggressive course ("high-grade myeloma"). The shorter survival of newly diagnosed patients with high-normal compared with those with low-normal LDH levels (less than 200 U/L), regardless of tumor mass, suggests the presence in some patients of a tumor subpopulation with high LDH production that escapes growth control with standard treatment. Staging of multiple myeloma should therefore include measurements of serum LDH levels in addition to beta-2-microglobulin analysis and tumor mass estimation.
Medical Aspects of Sports
Authors: Allan J. Ryan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Although physicians have been interested in L sports, games, and exercise at least from the time of the Greek Olympiads, athletic medicine as a special field of interest is modern in concept. The growing interest in all medical aspects of sports is characterized by a multiplication of organized professional groups, publications, and conferences devoted to this subject. The effects are being noted favorably in improved coordination of the efforts of medicine with those of athletic personnel and in better standards of care of our athletes. Since ancient times, physicians have been interested in games and sports and in exercises of a gymnastic character as they relate to health. Herodicus, a contemporary of Hippocrates in the fifth century, BC, was the first Greek physician to whom we can trace the use of therapeutic gymnastics. He practiced this form of therapy so enthusiastically that he drew a rebuke from Hippocrates for treating
Atlas of Mental Retardation Syndromes: Visual Diagnosis of Facies and Physical Findings
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

"One picture is worth a thousand words" may be a conservative maxim in this instance. This is a Magnificent atlas of congenital or hereditary defects usually associated with mental retardation, ranging from the fairly common Down's syndrome to conditions which the average practitioner may not encounter even once in a lifetime. Edited by Drs. Sidney Gellis and Murray Feingold, and supported financially by a division of HEW, the volume represents a commendable outlay of the taxpayers' money. The subject matter offers excellent opportunity for visual presentation. Would that other fields of medicine had equal potential in this regard! In the main the illustrations, many taken from the Picture of the Month section of the<i>American Journal of Diseases of Children</i>, are superb. Some of the figures might have stepped directly out of a Goya canvas. Opposite each page of illustrations appears a brief text, summarizing the salient distinguishing features and
Foci of Tuberculosis Transmission in Central Los Angeles
Authors: PETER F. BARNES, ZHENHUA YANG, JANICE M. POGODA, SUSAN PRESTON-MARTIN, BRENDA E. JONES, MICHIKO OTAYA, LAURA KNOWLES, SYDNEY HARVEY, KATHLEEN D. EISENACH, M. DONALD CAVE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

To identify sites of tuberculosis transmission and to determine the contribution of HIV-infected patients to tuberculosis morbidity in an urban area, we prospectively evaluated 249 patients with culture-proven tuberculosis in central Los Angeles. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to identify patients infected with the same strain. Using RFLP and clinical and epidemiologic data, we identified the most likely source case and site of transmission for 79 patients. Homelessness, birth in the United States and Native American ethnicity were independent predictors of being a source case, but HIV infection was not. Three homeless shelters were sites of tuberculosis transmission for 55 (70%) of the 79 patients. HIV-infected patients constituted 27% (66/249) of the study population, but only 17% (13/79) of patients were infected by an HIV-infected source case. We conclude that transmission of tuberculosis in central Los Angeles was highly focal, and that the major transmission sites were three homeless shelters. HIV- infected tuberculosis patients did not play a major role in spread of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis control measures targeted at specific homeless shelters can reduce tuberculosis morbidity in urban areas where homelessness is common and the incidence of tuberculosis is high.
Preventing Suicide’s Ripple Effects Takes Coordinated Effort
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-798 The 3C-HF as a new predictor of outcomes after MitraClip
Authors: Francesco Maisano, Michele Senni, Nicola Buzzatti, Antonello Gavazzi, Paolo Denti, Micaela Cioni, Maurizio Taramasso, Antonio Colombo, Ottavio Alfieri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Rofecoxib caused excess heart disease
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The COX 2 (cyclo-oxygenase-2) inhibitor rofecoxib (Vioxx) could have caused an estimated 88 000-140 000 excess cases of serious coronary heart disease in the United States since its launch in 1999, says a study published this week. The drug was withdrawn in September last year after being linked to increased cardiac deaths ( BMJ 2004;329: 816).

The study analysed a cohort of all patients age 18-84 years receiving health care from a managed care organisation, Kaiser Permanente, in California, who were treated with …
Hemodynamic effects of hydralazine in infants with a large ventricular septal defect.
Authors: R H Beekman, A P Rocchini, A Rosenthal
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To evaluate the effects of acute afterload reduction, hydralazine, 0.2 mg/kg, was administered at cardiac catheterization to seven infants who had a large ventricular septal defect (VSD). The infants were 2.5 - 11 months old (mean 5.1 months). Before and 5, 15, 25 and 35 minutes after hydralazine, aortic, pulmonary capillary wedge, pulmonary artery, right atrial and superior vena caval pressures and saturations, heart rate and oxygen consumption were measured. Hemodynamic effects were noted after 5 minutes but were most pronounced 35 minutes after hydralazine. Prehydralazine baseline data were therefore compared with values 35 minutes after hydralazine. Pulmonary flow did not changes, but systemic flow increased significantly (4.5 +/- 0.2 to 6.7 +/- 0.5 liters/min/m2 [mean +/- SEM], p less than 0.001). The pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio decreased by 32% (3.4 +/- 0.4 to 2.3 +/- 0.2, p less than 0.001) and the absolute left-to-right shunt decreased by 24% (10.8 +/- 1.3 to 8.2 +/- 1.2 liters/min/m2, p less than 0.01). Hydralazine caused a significant decrease in systemic resistance (13.9 +/- 0.7 to 9.5 +/- 0.7 U, p less than 0.001). Pulmonary resistance, aortic, pulmonary artery and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures, heart rate and oxygen consumption did not change after hydralazine. Right atrial pressure decreased slightly (4.0 +/- 0.6 to 2.4 +/- 0.6 mm Hg, p less than 0.05). In conclusion, hydralazine caused a significant increase in systemic blood flow and a significant decrease in both pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio and absolute left-to-right shunt in seven infants with a large VSD. These effects appear to be related to the decrease in systemic resistance that occurred with hydralazine. Although limited to the acute setting, these findings suggest that hydralazine may be beneficial in the management of infants with a large VSD.
MHRA label seems to be illegal
Authors: D. Colquhoun
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Aberrant immune response and changes in the gut microflora are the main causes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (Pglyrp1, Pglyrp2, Pglyrp3, and Pglyrp4) are bactericidal innate immunity proteins that maintain normal gut microbiome, protect against experimental colitis, and are associated with IBD in humans. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (Nod2) is an intracellular bacterial sensor and may be required for maintaining normal gut microbiome. Mutations in <i>Nod2</i> are strongly associated with Crohn's disease, but the causative mechanism is not understood, and the role of <i>Nod2</i> in ulcerative colitis is not known. Because IBD is likely caused by variable multiple mutations in different individuals, in this study, we examined the combined role of <i>Pglyrp3</i> and <i>Nod2</i> in the development of experimental colitis in mice. We demonstrate that a combined deficiency of <i>Pglyrp3</i> and <i>Nod2</i> results in higher sensitivity to dextran sodium sulfate–induced colitis compared with a single deficiency. <i>Pglyrp3</i><sup>−/−</sup><i>Nod2</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice had decreased survival and higher loss of body weight, increased intestinal bleeding, higher apoptosis of colonic mucosa, elevated expression of cytokines and chemokines, altered gut microbiome, and increased levels of ATP in the colon. Increased sensitivity to dextran sodium sulfate–induced colitis in <i>Pglyrp3</i><sup>−/−</sup><i>Nod2</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice depended on increased apoptosis of intestinal epithelium, changed gut microflora, and elevated ATP. <i>Pglyrp3</i> deficiency contributed colitis-predisposing intestinal microflora and increased intestinal ATP, whereas <i>Nod2</i> deficiency contributed higher apoptosis and responsiveness to increased level of ATP. In summary, <i>Pglyrp3</i> and <i>Nod2</i> are both required for maintaining gut homeostasis and protection against colitis, but their protective mechanisms differ.
Closing the chapter on Maharishi Ayur-Veda
Authors: C. A. Lambert
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The JAMA article on Maharishi Ayur-Veda by Andrew Skolnick 1 makes several false statements regarding Harvard Magazine and my published work.  Our associate managing editor, Jean Martin, told Mr Skolnick that an assistant to Dr Deepak Chopra had ordered  large number of reprints of my article from our September-October 1989 issue. One cannot fault Skolnick for accurately reporting what he was told. As it turns out, however, while Chopra's associate did inquire about reprints, no such order ultimately was placed; no reprints were purchased, printed, or delivered.  Skolnick's article describes my Harvard Magazine article as one that gives a glowing account of Maharishi Ayur-Veda. The article in question profiles two brothers, Sanjiv and Deepak Chopra, both Boston-based physicians. Sanjiv Chopra is  gastroenterologist and hepatic specialist who practices mainstream academic medicine at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, Mass. Ayurvedic medicine does not enter his practice.  My description
Heat Stress, Exercise, and Muscle Injury: Effects on Urate Metabolism and Renal Function
Authors: JAMES P. KNOCHEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Twenty-two men were studied serially to examine the possible mechanism of acute renal failure during intense physical training in hot climates. By day eleven, hyperuricemia was prevalent and uric acid excretion rose, suggesting overproduction. Creatinuria, abnormal serum creatine Phosphokinase activity, and depressed serum calcium and elevated serum phosphorus concentrations suggested muscle injury and occurred with maximal muscle tenderness. In hot weather, urine volumes were smaller and contained higher concentrations of uric acid. As these abnormalities improved, glomerular filtration rate and extracellular volume rose to levels clearly above normal. These results suggest that muscle injury caused overproduction of uric acid and that hyperuricemia and uricosuria may play a role in heat stress nephropathy. The rarity of heat stress nephropathy in trained men under comparable conditions might be the result of resistance to muscle injury, decreased uric acid production, expansion of extracellular volume, and supercompensation of glomerular filtration rate.
Overexpression or Lack of beta 2-Adrenergic Receptor Correlate with Progression of Breast Cancer.
Authors: Z. Ou, L. Wang, X. Hong, Z. Shen, Z. Shao
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Recent studies showed that stress can modulate biological behavior of ovarian carcinoma through adrenergic receptors. Since both nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol and selective beta 2-adrenergic receptor (b2AR) antagonist ICI 118,551 instead of b1AR antagonist atenolol could eliminate most of the effects, b2AR is accordingly regarded as the key molecule. In this study, we investigated the role of b2AR in breast cancer. Material and Methods: Gene expression of b2AR was analyzed by RT-PCR in human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7, T47D, BT-549, HCC1937, BCaP-37 and normal mammary epithelial-like cell line HBL-100. b2AR cDNA was transfected into MDA-MB-435 cells. Protein level of b2AR was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in clinical samples, including 25 normal human breast or benign disease breast tissues and 202 breast cancer tissues. Results: b2AR was detected in majority of breast cancer cell lines, except for MDA-MB-435, MCF-7 and T47D, and all of normal or benign disease breast tissues. Both nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor agonist norepinephrine (NE) and selective b2AR agonist terbutaline promoted proliferation and invasion of spontaneous b2AR-positive MDA-MB-231 cells and transfectant MDA-MB-435-b2AR cells, these effects were completely inhibited by selective b2AR antagonist ICI 118,551. In the breast cancer patients, 125 samples (61.9%) expressed b2AR weakly or moderately just as normal breast or benign diseases tissue, and 43 (21.3%) presented significantly stronger b2AR expression, while no b2AR staining was found in other 34 samples (16.8%). Higher expression or lack of b2AR were associated with axillary lymph nodes metastasis and poor disease free survival (DFS). Discussion: Based on our preliminary results, the breast cancer patients could be classified into three subgroups: b2AR “normal”, high expression and negative groups. Overexpression or lack of b2AR associated with metastasis and clinical prognosis in breast cancer. Obviously, abnormal expression of b2AR may influence the outcome of breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4165.
Commentary: Good, but not perfect
Authors: Mike Clarke
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In commenting on the systematic review by Eric Manheimer and colleagues of the effects of acupuncture for women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF),1 I have focused on the methods used in the review. My commentary stems from issues raised when the manuscript was refereed and, perhaps, a wish to have an independent opinion on the reliability of the findings. Having accepted this challenge, I set out to assess whether the review provides knowledge of a sufficient standard to influence decisions.

The eligible interventions were specific types of acupuncture, used close to the time of embryo transfer, compared with sham acupuncture or no adjuvant treatment. Other aspects of care were the same for women within each trial. The trials were randomised and the population studied was women trying to get pregnant through IVF. Whether it is appropriate to combine trials using sham acupuncture …
On the TRAIL to therapeutic intervention in liver disease
Authors: Ingrid Herr, Peter Schemmer, Markus W. Büchler
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the 10 most common cancers worldwide. The fact that HCC is resistant to conventional chemotherapy and is rarely amenable to radiotherapy leaves this disease with no effective therapeutic options and a very poor prognosis. Therefore, the development of more effective therapeutic tools and strategies is much needed. HCCs are phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous tumors that commonly emerge on a background of chronic liver diseases, most of which culminate in cirrhosis, such as alcoholic cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B and C infections. This review outlines recent findings on the progression of liver disease, including our knowledge of the role of apoptotic processes, with an emphasis on the tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). The proapoptotic and antiapoptotic properties of TRAIL, its involvement in liver injury, and its potential as a therapeutic agent in fibrosis and HCC are discussed. Several contradictory and confusing data have not yet been resolved or placed into perspective, such as the influence of factors that determine the TRAIL sensitivity of target cells, including the tumor microenvironment or cirrhotic tissue. Therefore, we assess these data from the perspectives of gastroenterologists (P.S. and M.W.B.) and a molecular oncologist (I.H.) with research interests in liver injury, apoptosis, and experimental therapeutics. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;46:266–274.)