tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Down-regulation of TCF8 is involved in the leukemogenesis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Tomonori Hidaka, Shingo Nakahata, Kinta Hatakeyama, Makoto Hamasaki, Kiyoshi Yamashita, Takashi Kohno, Yasuhito Arai, Tomohiko Taki, Kazuhiro Nishida, Akihiko Okayama, Yujiro Asada, Ryoji Yamaguchi, Hirohito Tsubouchi, Jun Yokota, Masafumi Taniwaki, Yujiro Higashi, Kazuhiro Morishita
Journal: Blood (2008)
A Mitochondria‐Targeting Gold–Peptide Nanoassembly for Enhanced Cancer‐Cell Killing
Authors: Xiaochuan Ma, Xiaobo Wang, Ming Zhou, Hao Fei
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Abstract Design and construction of multifunctional nanoparticles for effective delivery and therapeutic application remains a challenging task. It is desirable that nanoparticles can overcome multiple biological barriers and reach specific cellular locations to achieve maximum therapeutic effects. This aim often requires the fine tuning of nanoparticles' chemical and physical properties, as well as better understanding of their interaction with live cells. A peptide‐modified gold–nanoparticle platform is designed, which consists of a 20‐nm gold core stabilized with a layer of biotinylated CALNN‐based peptides and a further layer of tetrameric streptavidins for functionalization with biotinylated molecules. The nanoassembly undergoes an efficient dynamin‐dependent and caveolae‐mediated endocytosis pathway, and displays highly specific localization to mitochondria, organelles of great therapeutic importance. When functionalized with a cytotoxic peptide (KLA: (KLAKLAK) 2 ), the KLA‐anchored nanoassembly exhibits dramatically enhanced anticancer activity, thousands of times stronger than that of the free KLA peptide, likely because of its improved cell entry efficiency, mitochondria‐specific delivery, and the polyvalent effect of the nanoassembly. The study opens up the possibility of developing mitochondria‐targeted nanomedicines.
Risk Stratification in Unstable Angina
Authors: James E. Calvin, Lloyd W. Klein, Betsy J. VandenBerg, Peter Meyer, Joseph V. Condon, R. Jeffrey Snell, Luz Maria Ramirez-Morgen, Joseph E. Parrillo
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To validate the Braunwald classification of unstable angina as a predictor of in-hospital cardiac complications; to determine which factors of the Braunwald classification contributed significantly to this prediction; and to devise a method of combining these predictive factors into an overall odds ratio for complications.A validation cohort of consecutive patients followed prospectively for in-hospital cardiac complications including myocardial infarction and death.A community-based academic medical center.A total of 393 patients admitted consecutively to the coronary care and intermediate care units with unstable angina.Major cardiac complications including death, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and severe ventricular dysrhythmias.Multiple logistic regression analysis identified four clinical factors used in the Braunwald classification that predicted the in-hospital occurrence of major cardiac complications: (1) myocardial infarction within less than 14 days (odds ratio [OR], 5.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92 to 16.97); (2) need for intravenous nitroglycerin (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.31 to 4.17); (3) lack of beta-blocker or calcium channel blocker prior to admission (OR, 3.83; 95% CI, 1.55 to 9.42); and (4) baseline ST depression (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.45 to 5.47). Two other clinical factors, diabetes and age, were also significant predictors. Validation of this model using parametric and nonparametric bootstrap techniques revealed excellent agreement between the CIs for adjusted ORs derived from the multiple logistic regression and those derived from the bootstrap.The classification of unstable angina proposed by Braunwald includes four factors that predict risk of major in-hospital cardiac complications. Specific factors used in this classification can be combined with diabetes and age to better stratify risk of major cardiac complications in this disorder using a simpler model.
Democratic Defense Spending in an Age of Bioterrorism
Authors: Michael J. Selgelid
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

"Democratic Defense Spending in an Age of Bioterrorism." The American Journal of Bioethics, 5(4), pp. 49–50 Notes 1. May says very little, it should be noted, about the importance of answering his question (about the extent to which biodefense research spending should be prioritized) in a democratic fashion. That science is democratic, in the meanwhile, cannot be taken for granted (CitationKitcher 2001). 2. This is apparently the solution that would be favored by Annas (CitationAnnas 2005, 16).
Absence of Anatomic Origin from Heart of Pulmonary Arterial Supply
Authors: JESSE E. EDWARDS, DWIGHT C. MCGOON
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Among certain patients with cardiovascular malformations, a common phenomenon is a ventricular septal defect and absence of anatomic origin of the pulmonary arterial supply from the heart. In this situation, true pulmonary arteries may be present or absent. In the latter case, the pulmonary arterial supply comes through bronchial arteries. When true pulmonary arteries are present, the left and right pulmonary arteries either may be in continuity at their origins (confluence) or they may arise from separate sites (nonconfluence). When confluence is present, the two pulmonary arteries may arise either from an atretic pulmonary trunk or from certain forms of persistent truncus arteriosus. Pulmonary atresia may be localized to the proximal end of the pulmonary trunk or diffuse in this vessel. When nonconfluence is present, each pulmonary artery arises separately from one of three possible sources as follows: (1) a form of persistent truncus arteriosus, (2) through ducti arteriosi from the aortic arch system, or (3) through bronchial arteries from the descending aorta.
Type I Primary Hyperoxaluria
Authors: B Bastani, G Nahass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Figure 1. A plain abdominal film (Panel A) revealed diffuse renal calcification in a 22-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease. After two months of regular hemodialysis, skin bullae and livedo reticularis appeared on her legs, and loss of central vision and peripheral neuropathy developed. Funduscopy showed crystal deposition in the macula (Panel B). Examination of a skin-biopsy specimen revealed deposition of crystalline material in the vessel walls (arrows in Panel C) that was birefringent on polarizing microscopy (Panel D) (Panels C and D: hematoxylin and eosin, ×250). Blood oxalate and glycolate concentrations were high, confirming the diagnosis of type I . . .
Abstract 3417: The genomic landscape of canine melanoma reveals broad mutational heterogeneity and recurrent patterns of structural variation
Authors: William P. Hendricks, Victoria Zismann, Berry Button, Christophe Legendre, Waibhav Tembe, Holly Yin, Michael Bittner, Donald Berry, Matthew Huentelman, Chand Khanna, Patricia LoRusso, Matthew Breen, Aleksandar Sekulic, Jeffrey Trent
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Despite remarkable therapeutic advances in malignant melanoma, an incomplete understanding of melanoma's extraordinary genetic diversity, complex disease course and ability to resist treatment continues to impede rational, curative clinical intervention. This is particularly true for the understudied “dark matter” of the melanoma genome, i.e. cases that lack mutations in the three most commonly-mutated melanoma genes (BRAF, NRAS, NF1) and that display extensive mutational heterogeneity. Clearly a pressing need exists for transformative approaches to melanoma medicine. We have therefore broadened our traditional focus on melanoma in human patients to include canine melanoma as a model of human disease. Given canine melanoma's clinicopathological resemblance to human non-cutaneous triple-negative subtypes, study of this disease in each species may inform the other. Further, the accelerated clinical course of canine melanoma and flexibility in veterinary clinical trial design may allow for evaluation of novel treatment designs that would not be possible in human cancer trials. Thus, we have undertaken a first-in-dog genomic characterization study of canine melanomas from a cohort of 37 dogs to further explore the landscape of this comparative model. This analysis combines comprehensive genomics (whole genome, whole genome long-insert, RNA sequencing, and array comparative genomic hybridization) in 7 matched canine melanoma/normal tissues with targeted analysis in an additional 27 tumors and 3 cell lines. These canine tumors display striking patterns of mutation and subtype heterogeneity resembling that of their non-cutaneous human counterparts with the majority being BRAF, NRAS, and NF1 wild type and lacking recurrent single nucleotide variants. Despite heterogeneity at the single nucleotide level, shared patterns of structural variation and gene expression exist and these patterns suggest core pathways that may define therapeutic vulnerabilities in these disease subtypes. These data provide the genomic framework for further clinical pursuit of melanoma in the canine model as a paradigm for drug development. Citation Format: William P. Hendricks, Victoria Zismann, Berry Button, Christophe Legendre, Waibhav Tembe, Holly Yin, Michael Bittner, Donald Berry, Matthew Huentelman, Chand Khanna, Patricia LoRusso, Matthew Breen, Aleksandar Sekulic, Jeffrey Trent. The genomic landscape of canine melanoma reveals broad mutational heterogeneity and recurrent patterns of structural variation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3417. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3417
Antibiotics for Bacteroides Sepsis
Authors: MARTIN F. KAGNOFF
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 August 1971Antibiotics for Bacteroides SepsisMARTIN F. KAGNOFF, M.D., DONALD ARMSTRONG, M.D.MARTIN F. KAGNOFF, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DONALD ARMSTRONG, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-2-316_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent article by Drs. Bodner, Koenig, and Goodman, "Bacteremic Bacteroides Infections," (Ann Intern Med73:537-544, 1970) states, "In the absence of sensitivity data bacteroides sepsis appears to represent another of the few indications for therapy with chloramphenicol." We have just evaluated 55 patients at Memorial Hospital for Cancer and Allied Diseases, New York, who had 67 positive blood cultures forBacteroidesspecies ("Bacteroides Bacteremia,"Cancer. In press). Antibiotic disk sensitivity studies were done on 48 isolates, using three disk concentrations of chloramphenicol and tetracycline (5, 10, and 30 µg/disk). Results showed 24 isolates to be sensitive,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Infectious Disease Service Department of Medicine Memorial Hospital for Cancer and Allied Diseases New York, N. Y. 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byComparative Susceptibility of Anaerobic Bacteria to Ticarcillin, Cefoxitin, Metronidazole, and Related Antimicrobial AgentsAnaerobic infections of the female genital tractAntimicrobial Considerations in Anaerobic InfectionsPathogenic Anaerobic BacteriaIn Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Specimens 1 August 1971Volume 75, Issue 2Page: 316-317KeywordsAntibioticsAttentionBacteremiaBacteroidesBloodChloramphenicolSepsisTetracyclines Issue Published: 1 August 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hepato-splenic ?? T-cell lymphoma: A rare entity mimicking the hemophagocytic syndrome
Authors: Annamaria Nosari, Pier Luigi Oreste, Andrea Biondi, Maurizio Caroli Costantini, Luca Santoleri, Liliana Intropido, Giuliana Muti, Ester Pungolino, Livio Gargantini, Enrica Morra
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Hepatosplenic γδ T-cell lymphoma is a rare histologic type of the peripheral T-cell lymphomas, clinically characterized by predominant involvement of liver and spleen, no or little adenopathy, and an often aggressive course; it affects mainly adolescents and young adults, with a male predominance. Postthymic T-cell malignancies are heterogeneous in their clinical and laboratory features. Among the γδ postthymic T-cell lymphomas, two distinct entities (cutaneous and hepatosplenic, respectively) are reported in the literature. The former shows predominant multiple involvement of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; it occurs mostly in older patients and the phenotype is CD3−, CD4−, CD8−. Because of the small number of reports, the course of the disease was unknown. The latter shows a clinical picture characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, no or little adenopathy, and sometimes systemic symptoms (fever, cytopenias likely due to hypersplenism); it presents a peculiar sinusoidal involvement of liver and spleen. The bone marrow histologic feature often reveals a little infiltration, especially sinusoidal and easily underestimated phenotype: CD2+, CD3+, CD7+, CD5−, CD4−, CD8−, CD44+. Few cases of this lymphoma associated by hemophagocytic syndrome are described (Sun, 1990; Kadin, 1981; Jaffe, 1983). We report a case of a young man with a rapid and fatal course in which the more important clinical feature was hemophagocytosis. The diagnosis of lymphoma was very difficult because of paucity of histologic involvement, and only the rearrangement of TCR γ chain gene by polymerase chain reaction on paraffin sections confirmed a clonal T-cell proliferation. Am. J. Hematol. 60:61–65, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Chronically decreased GFR and cardiovascular risk in living kidney donors
Authors: N. Seyahi
Journal: Kidney International (2008)

To the Editor: I read with great interest the letters by Wan et al.1.Wan R.K. Spalding E. Winch D. et al.Reduced kidney function in living kidney donors.Kidney Int. 2007; 71: 1077Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (15) Google Scholar and Garg.2.Garg A.X. Response to ‘Reduced kidney function in living donors’.Kidney Int. 2007; 71: 1077Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar The authors discussed the possibility and consequences of labeling former kidney donors with estimated GFR <60 ml per min per 1.73 m2 as chronic kidney disease patients. According to NKF K/DOQI guidelines that established the current classification of chronic kidney disease, it is possible that GFR 30–59 ml per min per 1.73 m2 could also be normal in individuals after unilateral nephrectomy.3.National Kidney Foundation K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification and stratification.Am J Kidney Dis. 2002; 39: S57-S58Google Scholar Therefore ‘chronically decreased GFR’ could be the more appropriate term to name the condition of these subjects in the absence of any additional marker of kidney damage. Both authors agree about the possibility of increased cardiovascular risk in these patients and then emphasis the need of research on the prognostic significance of a reduced estimated GFR in this population. We recently studied the frequency and severity of coronary artery calcification in 101 former kidney donors to test the hypothesis that decreased GFR is associated with increased coronary artery calcification.4.Seyahi N. Kahveci A. Bolayirli M. et al.Coronary artery calcification and chronically decreased GFR in living kidney donors.Am J Kidney Dis. 2007; 49: 143-152Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (15) Google Scholar The median post nephrectomy duration was 64.7 months and mean GFR was 75 ml per min per 1.73 m2. The frequency or severity of coronary artery calcification was not increased in these former kidney donors. These results could be at least partially reassuring the safety of kidney donation in carefully selected donors. Certainly, this reassurance should not shadow the importance of healthy life style behavior and yearly regular follow-ups after kidney donation.
Glucocorticoid Use and Risks of Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma
Authors: Nicholas Macris
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The case-control study by Dr Garbe and colleagues<sup>1</sup>raises the concern that high-dose inhaled corticosteroid use could be associated with the ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. Although the analysis controls for a number of putative confounding factors, one important confounder was not considered that could have important implications in the interpretation of the study results: the use of antihistamines. Many patients who use inhaled steroids regularly for reactive airways disease or allergic rhinitis also use antihistamines. Antihistamines have anticholinergic activity, which could increase intraocular pressure to dangerous levels in patients with angle-closure glaucoma or cause other vision complaints. The study investigators excluded patients with angleclosure glaucoma. However, given the margin of error contained within<i>International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9)</i><sup>2</sup>codes in claims data to distinguish between subsets of primary diagnoses<sup>3,4</sup>and the small effect observed for high-dose inhaled steroids in this study, failure to consider
Characteristic repartition of monocyte subsets as a diagnostic signature of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Dorothée Selimoglu-Buet, Orianne Wagner-Ballon, Véronique Saada, Valérie Bardet, Raphaël Itzykson, Laura Bencheikh, Margot Morabito, Elisabeth Met, Camille Debord, Emmanuel Benayoun, Anne-Marie Nloga, Pierre Fenaux, Thorsten Braun, Christophe Willekens, Bruno Quesnel, Lionel Adès, Michaela Fontenay, Philippe Rameau, Nathalie Droin, Serge Koscielny, Eric Solary
Journal: Blood (2015)
Calcitriol 3 µg g<sup>−1</sup>ointment in combination with ultraviolet B phototherapy for the treatment of plaque psoriasis: results of a comparative study
Authors: J. Ring, L. Kowalzick, E. Christophers, W.B. Schill, E. Schöpf, M. Ständer, H.H. Wolff, P. Altmeyer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Background Combinations of topical treatments and ultraviolet (UV) B phototherapy for plaque psoriasis may be more beneficial than either type of treatment used alone. Objectives To determine the efficacy of calcitriol 3 µg g−1 ointment in combination with UVB phototherapy in treating plaque psoriasis. Methods Calcitriol ointment with UVB was compared with vehicle plus UVB in a randomized, double-blind study in 104 patients. Results Mean global improvement scores for both groups increased over the 8-week study period; there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0·05) in favour of the calcitriol/UVB combination from week 1. At end-point, 45% of the calcitriol/UVB group showed considerable improvement or clearing of psoriasis, compared with 21% of the control group. The superiority of calcitriol plus UVB was also reflected in the global severity and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores; at end-point the mean percentage decrease in PASI score was 65% for the calcitriol/UVB group and 43% for vehicle/UVB (P = 0·0014). The incidence of skin-related adverse events was low (< 12%) and similar in the two treatment groups. No clinically significant changes in blood chemistry, in particular calcium levels, occurred. The greater efficacy of combined calcitriol and phototherapy allowed a 34% decrease in total UVB exposure. Conclusions Calcitriol 3 µg g−1 ointment and UVB phototherapy in combination provides a promising therapy for managing chronic plaque psoriasis.
Intracellular Osteopontin Inhibits Toll-like Receptor Signaling and Impedes Liver Carcinogenesis
Authors: Xiaoyu Fan, Chunyan He, Wei Jing, Xuyu Zhou, Rui Chen, Lei Cao, Minhui Zhu, Rongjie Jia, Hao Wang, Yajun Guo, Jian Zhao
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Osteopontin (OPN) has been implicated widely in tumor growth and metastasis, but the range of its contributions is not yet fully understood. In this study, we show that genetic ablation of Opn in mice sensitizes them to diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Opn-deficient mice (Opn−/− mice) exhibited enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines and compensatory proliferation. Administering OPN antibody or recombinant OPN protein to wild-type or Opn−/− mice-derived macrophages, respectively, had little effect on cytokine production. In contrast, overexpression of intracellular OPN (iOPN) in Opn-deficient macrophages strongly suppressed production of proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, we found that iOPN was able to interact with the pivotal Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling protein MyD88 in macrophages after stimulation with cellular debris, thereby disrupting TLR signaling in macrophages. Our results indicated that iOPN was capable of functioning as an endogenous negative regulator of TLR-mediated immune responses, acting to ameliorate production of proinflammatory cytokines and curtail DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Together, our results expand the important role of OPN in inflammation-associated cancers and deepen its relevance for novel treatment strategies in liver cancer. Cancer Res; 75(1); 86–97. ©2014 AACR.
Preadmission Screening of Medicare Patients
Authors: James E. Barone
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Preadmission Screening of Medicare Patients"<sup>1</sup>did not address an important issue that I feel must be considered when discussing the effectiveness of such a program. What is the cost of preadmission screening? Using data from the article, one could surmise that at least 115 000 telephone calls are received per year. I would like to know how many nurse reviewers, physician reviewers, and secretaries are needed to staff the program. What is the cost of the office rental and supplies? On a yearly basis, one could expect about 400 admission denials, with about half of these patients eventually being admitted anyway. If the program costs $1 million per year to run, each true denial will result in a $5000 expenditure. Of course, I ignore the cost of wasted man-hours on the part of practicing physicians and their personnel while repeatedly dialing the telephone
Author's reply to review of his book on autism
Authors: Richard Lathe
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—The misrepresentations and omissions in Fitzgerald's review of my book demand correction.1 The book overviews evidence for (and against) the apparent rise in autism and concludes that the increase is probably real—pointing to an environmental risk factor so far unknown.

A focus of the book is on physiological dysregulation that accompanies and exacerbates autism. It reviews evidence that limbic damage can both cause and reflect physiological problems, with environmental toxins including heavy metals having a causal role, although concluding that …
The Diagnosis of Meningococcal Meningitis
Authors: Herbert Ratner
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  That the presence of petechiae is a useful predictor of meningococcal meningitis, 1 differentiating it from other types of purulent meningitis, validates one of the earliest names of the disease, petechial fever. Petechiae associated with meningococcal meningitis occur during the meningococcemic stage and are caused by the plugging of arterioles by meningococci.  In contrast to the predictive approach, a simple and inexpensive diagnostic procedure is to lift off the top of the petechia, press a glass slide to the serum, dry, heat fix, and stain it with Gram's stain, and examine it under the microscope. The diagnosis can be made by anyone with an elementary knowledge of bacterial morphology. The results can be obtained within several minutes by anyone who has access to Gram's stain and a microscope. The diagnosis is definitive and early. In a fulminant case, this quick and early diagnosis may make the difference