tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
541. Oncolytic Effects of Conditionally Replicating Adenoviruses (CRAds) with Mutations in E1A and E1B Regions
Authors: Hyunhee Kim, Jaesung Kim, Kyung-Ju Choi, Pyung Hwan Kim, Tae Young Koo, Ahmed M. Al-Abd, Hye Jin Choi, Joo-Hang Kim, Chae-Ok Yun
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Gene-attenuated replication-competent adenoviruses are emerging as a promising new modality for the treatment of cancer. For the aim of improving adenoviral vectors for cancer gene therapy, we have constructed genetically attenuated replicating adenoviruses (Ads) with different combinations of E1A & E1B mutant genes and investigated the possibility of enhanced oncolytic and replication effects of these engineered replication-competent Ads. We show here that cytolytic potency of each gene attenuated replicating adenoviruses differed significantly depending on the presence or deletion of E1B55 kDa and E1B19 kDa function. More specifically, among the constructed (Ad-DE1B19, Ad-DE1B55, Ad-DE1B19/55, and Ad-wt), E1B19 kDa-inactivated adenovirus (Ad-DE1B19) was the most potent against all tumor cells tested, inducing the largest-sized plaques and marked CPE. As an additional effort to increase cancer cell-selectivity of replicating adenovirus, we have generated eleven E1A-mutant Ads (Ad-mt|[num]|1 |[sim]||[num]|11) with deletion or substitution in retinoblastoma (Rb) binding sites of E1A. Of these viruses, Ad-mt|[num]|7 demonstrated significantly improved CPE and viral replication in a cancer cell-specific manner. To further increase the cancer cell-specific cell killing effect of Ad-mt|[num]|7 adenovirus, both E1B19 kDa and E1B55 kDa gene was deleted, resulting in an Ad-|[Delta]|B7 Ad. As assessed using CPE assay, MTT assay, and Ad fiber immunoblot analysis, Ad-|[Delta]|B7 exerted markedly enhanced cancer cell-specific killing effect as well as viral replication in comparison to either Ad-mt|[num]|7 or Ad-|[Delta]|E1B19/55. Furthermore, the growth of established human cervical carcinoma in nude mice was significantly suppressed by intratumoral injection of Ad-DB7. In summary, we have developed replication competent adenoviruses with significantly improved therapeutic profiles for cancer treatment.
The Role of the Physician in Occupational Epidemics
Authors: Peter James Dyck
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Two epidemics of neuropathy, initially seen as urinary retention and impotence, described in this issue ofThe Journalby Keogh and co-workers (p 746) and by Kreiss and co-workers (p 741) and linked by them to exposure to an industrial toxin, are unusual and instructive.  Several recent epidemics of neuropathy come to mind, but none like the present one. Only a few years ago, the swine influenza immunization program in the United States was found to be associated with an increased frequency of a paralytic disorder, Guillain-Barre syndrome. 1 Before that, a group of workers experienced a sensory ataxic neuropathy from formulating an ant pesticide, chlordecone. 2 Methyl- n -butyl ketone exposure in several Ohio plants produced a serious outbreak of a sensory motor neuropathy. 3 Worldwide, a serious outbreak of diffuse neuropathy in Japan resulted from eating fish taken from Minimata Bay heavily contaminated with methyl mercury. 4 In
Family Cancer Syndrome-Reply
Authors: Frederick P. Li
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The author of this letter provides further support for our contention that the familial syndrome of diverse cancers involves an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and that the higher-than-expected percentage of affected relatives is the result of ascertainment bias. The proband and family members on the line of ascent represent only one of several potential biases in retrospective studies to assess the familial aggregation of disease. Our prospective study dealt with additional selection factors, as enumerated in the "Comments" section. Cancer develops during the lifetime of one in four persons in the United States. On a chance basis, some families show a much higher percentage of relatives with cancer while others have a low proportion affected. A selective study of the former type of families may suggest a multiple cancer syndrome when chance aggregation is the true explanation. Segregation analysis can also be misleading when study families are
Urinary 17-Ketosteroid and 17-Ketogenic Steroid Excretion in Obese Patients
Authors: Benjamin Simkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

AS a consequence of the more than occasional finding of increased urinary 17-ketogenic steroid excretion in selected obese patients during the past four years, it was considered worth while to expand further and document this observation by urinary steroid determinations in a larger number of consecutive, unselected obese patients and a concurrent control group of healthy persons of normal weight. This resolve was strengthened by published reports of a higher than normal average urinary 17-hydroxy-corticosteroid output in a small group of obese men1 and increased 17-ketogenic steroid excretion in obese children.2 A final factor prompting this study was the frequent . . .
Massachusetts Department of Labor and Industries
Authors: Heinrich G. Brugsch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

RECENT DEATHS FROM PARATHION INTOXICATION IN MASSACHUSETTSOn August 14, 1959, 2 young farm workers died in a rural district of Massachusetts. They had been engaged in outdoor dusting for approximately sixteen hours over a period of five days with a preparation containing 1.5 per cent parathion. On the day of the fatality their exposure had been about seven and a half hours. They had felt sick at about 5 p.m., were taken by their employer in coma to a nearby hospital at about 7 p.m., and died a few hours after admission despite administration of atropine intravenously and oxygen. . . .
Acquired Cell-Mediated Immunodepression in Acute Chagas' Disease
Authors: Antonio R. L. Teixeira, Glória Teixeira, Vanize Macêdo, Aluizio Prata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

In this study two groups of patients with acute Chagas' disease were identified. Group one consisted of five patients with apparent acute Chagas' disease. These patients showed symptoms and signals of an acute illness, such as high fever and enlarged spleen. One of these patients developed severe myocarditis and heart failure. Group two consisted of seven patients with inapparent acute Chagas' disease. This was a nonclinical entity, not perceived by the patient who did not seek medical care. The diagnosis was made by the shift of a serologic test which indicates the presence of immunoglobulin M antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi. The patients with apparent acute Chagas' disease showed positive delayed-type skin response to T. cruzi antigen. Also, their leukocytes showed significant inhibition of migration in the presence of this antigen. By contrast, the patients with the inapparent acute Chagas' disease did not show positive delayed-type skin response to T. cruzi antigen and no significant inhibition was observed when their cells migrated in the presence of this antigen. Of interest, none of these patients was capable of developing contact sensitivity to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. However, three out of five patients with the apparent acute disease and all the normal control subjects showed positive contact reaction after sensitization to this drug. The results of these experiments would suggest that the thymus-derived (T)-lymphocyte function is depressed in patients with the clinically inapparent acute Chagas' disease. This immunodepression seems to be acquired in the course of the T. cruzi infection because all patients showed positive delayed-type skin response to at least one ubiquitous microbial extract, thus indicating previously normal T-cell function. We hypothesize that T. cruzi antigens may directly stimulate T cells with the concomitant release of factors that might become supressive for T-cell responses. Furthermore, the suppressive effect might interfere with the T-cell response to other antigens, such as to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene.
Activation of Peripheral-Blood Granulocytes Is Strongly Correlated With Patient Outcome After Immunotherapy With Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Authors: Irene Y. Cheung, Katharine Hsu, Nai-Kong V. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Adjuvant therapy using anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has shown treatment success for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB). Although there is ample evidence on how the antibody targets NB, in vivo contribution by GM-CSF remains unclear. This report investigates granulocyte activation and its correlation with treatment outcome.Patients enrolled onto NCT00072358 received multiple treatment cycles, each consisting of anti-GD2 antibody 3F8 plus subcutaneous (SC) GM-CSF. Peripheral-blood (PB) samples from 151 patients were collected on day 0 and day 4 of cycle 1. PB from a subgroup of 35 patients had intravenous (IV) instead of SC GM-CSF during cycle 4. Samples were analyzed by flow cytometry for CD11a, CD63, CD87, and CD11b and its activation epitope CBRM1/5.Comparing cycle 1 day 4 PB samples with day 0 PB samples, five of five activation marker-positive granulocytes were significantly higher. The change in frequency and mean fluorescence intensity of CBRM1/5-positive granulocytes correlated with progression-free survival (PFS; P = .024 and P = .008, respectively). A multivariable analysis identified increasing CBRM1/5-positive granulocytes and missing killer immunoglobulin-like receptor ligand as positive independent prognostic factors for PFS, whereas second-line cyclophosphamide-based therapy before protocol entry negatively influenced outcome. Thirty-five patients who received SC GM-CSF at cycle 1 and IV GM-CSF at cycle 4 had significantly less CBRM1/5 activation after IV GM-CSF. In contrast, 63 patients who received SC GM-CSF at both cycles had comparable CBRM1/5 activation.GM-CSF-induced granulocyte activation in vivo is associated with improved patient outcome. This activation was more apparent when GM-CSF was given by the SC route instead of IV route.
Discovery of a New Role of Human Resistin in Hepatocyte Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Suppression Mediated in Part by Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9
Authors: Michelle Melone, Larissa Wilsie, Oksana Palyha, Alison Strack, Shirya Rashid
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
THE LARYNX IN LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA.
Authors: W. B. G. HARLAND
Journal: JAMA (1907)

About five years ago, at the suggestion of Dr. Charles W. Burr, I examined the larynges of patients with tabes dorsalis at the Philadelphia Home for Incurables. Later I examined all the cases of that disease under Dr. Burr's care at the Philadelphia General Hospital, and also the cases then under the care of Drs. Spiller and Weisenburg at that hospital, these gentlemen having kindly placed their patients at my disposal for the purpose. This report of the examination in these cases may be considered a negative one, for practically nothing of great interest was discovered, but it seems worth while to bring up the subject for discussion because, in the text-books and elsewhere, one is led to believe that laryngeal trouble is rather frequently found in locomotor ataxia. Of the cases at the Home for Incurables examination was possible in four, and the results are given in detail. <h3>Case</h3>
Don't Forget Palliative Patients—Reply
Authors: Neil L. Schechter
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Renal and Cardiac Failure
Authors: James Malone
Journal: JAMA (1977)

SINCE THE original description by Brescia et al<sup>1</sup>in 1966, arteriovenous fistulas have become the vascular access route of choice for patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are few complications attributable to these fistulas. To our knowledge, this is a previously unreported complication of prerenal azotemia associated with high-output cardiac failure, secondary to an arteriovenous fistula that occurred in a recipient of a renal allograft. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old man was admitted to the University of California Hospital at San Francisco seven weeks after an uncomplicated cadaver renal transplant. The patient's complaints included progressive leg edema, a 4.6 kg weight-gain, increasing abdominal girth, and progressive dyspnea on exertion, with a greatly decreased exercise tolerance. Prior to transplantation, he had had no history of cardiac symptoms. The patient had two functioning arteriovenous fistulas: a right arm side-to-side distal radial artery-cephalic vein fistula, and a left upper forearm side-to-side brachial artery-anticubital
Therapy of Osteoarthritis Of the Great Toe and Hallux Rigidus
Authors: Marvin D. Steinberg
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Please permit me to add to the already excellent answer given to the question on the "Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Great Toe and Hallux Rigidus" (<b>216</b>: 1207, 1971). Whereas x-ray film and clinical findings may indicate a severe degree of bony ankylosis and loss of motion, the injection of 2 cc of 2% lidocaine (Xylocaine) dorsally and into the first intermetatarsal space at the level of the metatarsal heads often results in a gratifying increase in the range of motion. A 24-gauge five-eighths inch needle is used and intraarticular injection is avoided. Apparently a great deal of the limited motion is caused by muscle splinting around the painful joint. If moderately forced dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are induced after the injection and repeated at weekly intervals, progressive and lasting improvement often occurs. In a series of 100 consecutive cases of hallux rigidus without complicating factors such
Binding of cytokines to pharmaceutically prepared human immunoglobulin.
Authors: M Svenson, M B Hansen, K Bendtzen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Pharmaceutically prepared IgG, pooled from sera of over 2,000 normal individuals, contained both monomeric and dimeric IgG. Each type of IgG bound 125I-labeled interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Increased binding to IgG was observed if 125I-IL-1 beta was denatured by heating to 39 degrees C. However, the binding of both nondenatured and denatured 125I-IL-1 beta was not inhibited by unlabeled IL-1 beta. In contrast, binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha, 125I-IL-6, and 125I-TNF alpha was inhibited by the corresponding unlabeled cytokine. Papain-digestion of IgG abolished binding of 125I-TNF alpha but failed to influence the displaceable binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha and 125I-IL-6. 125I-TNF alpha was a mixture of trimeric and monomeric forms, the latter being the predominant form at lower concentrations. The apparent saturability of 125I-TNF alpha was explained by a higher nonspecific binding of monomeric than of trimeric 125I-TNF alpha to IgG. The amounts of cytokine antibodies in IgG preparations would contribute approximately 2 micrograms anti-IL-1 alpha IgG and 1 microgram anti-IL-6 IgG per kg body wt during high dose immune globulin therapy. In conclusion, pharmaceutical preparations of human IgG contain specific and neutralizing, high affinity antibodies against IL-1 alpha and IL-6, but not against TNF alpha or IL-1 beta. There are significant methodological pitfalls that hamper detection of IgG autoantibodies against cytokines.
229 NATURAL HISTORY AND MULTIMODALITY TREATMENT OF EARLY HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA PROSPECTIVELY DETECTED IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS UNDER SURVEILLANCE
Authors: A. Sangiovanni, C. Della Corte, M.A. Manini, S. Vavassori, M. Iavarone, R. Romeo, M. Fraquelli, L.V. Forzenigo, G. Ronchi, A. Aghemo, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Therapeutic Abortion Law Confusion
Authors: Jerome M. Kummer
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The problems relating to criminal abortion are of utmost complexity from social, medical, and legal viewpoints. Airing these problems is deemed prerequisite to any attempt at solution, and clarifying therapeutic abortion laws, to bring them into conformity with responsible medical attitudes and practices, is a significant primary step in clearing the atmosphere of the extreme confusion surrounding the matter of abortion in general and of therapeutic abortion in particular. While the laws of abortion in the United States and most of the western world profess primarily to safeguard the prospective mother, by their uncompromising severity they drive large numbers of desperate women into the hands of the unskilled abortionist, the very person from whom society seeks to shield them. <h3>Abortion in the United States</h3> In our country, it is apparent that abortion is a definite part of our social mores, with society steadfastly refusing to acknowledge this to be so.
Dominance of HIV-1 Subtype CRF01_AE in Sexually Acquired Cases Leads to a New Epidemic in Yunnan Province of China
Authors: Yong Zhang, Lin Lu, Lei Ba, Li Liu, Li Yang, Manhong Jia, Haibo Wang, Qing Fang, Yuhua Shi, Wenyun Yan, Guangcai Chang, Linqi Zhang, David D Ho, Zhiwei Chen
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Dating back to the first epidemic among injection drug users in 1989, the Yunnan province has had the highest number of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections in China. However, the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Yunnan has not been fully characterized.Using immunoassays, we identified 103,015 accumulated cases of HIV-1 infections in Yunnan between 1989 and 2004. We studied 321 patients representing Yunnan's 16 prefectures from four risk groups, 11 ethnic populations, and ten occupations. We identified three major circulating subtypes: C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC (53%), CRF01_AE (40.5%), and B (6.5%) by analyzing the sequence of p17, which is part of the gag gene. For patients with known risk factors, 90.9% of injection drug users had C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC viruses, whereas 85.4% of CRF01_AE infections were acquired through sexual transmission. No distinct segregation of CRF01_AE viruses was found among the Dai ethnic group. Geographically, C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC was found throughout the province, while CRF01_AE was largely confined to the prefectures bordering Myanmar. Furthermore, C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC viruses were found to consist of a group of viruses, including C, CRF08_BC, CRF07_BC, and new BC recombinants, based on the characterization of their reverse transcriptase genes.This is the first report of a province-wide HIV-1 molecular epidemiological study in Yunnan. While C/CRF07_BC/CRF08_BC and CRF01_AE are codominant, the discovery of many sexually transmitted CRF01_AE cases is new and suggests that this subtype may lead to a new epidemic in the general Chinese population. We discuss implications of our results for understanding the evolution of the HIV-1 pandemic and for vaccine development.
Letter by Shanmugam et al Regarding Article, “Primary Results From the SmartDelay Determined AV Optimization: A Comparison to Other AV Delay Methods Used in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (SMART-AV) Trial: A Randomized Trial Comparing Empirical, Echocardiography-Guided, and Algorithmic Atrioventricular Delay Programming in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy”
Authors: Nesan Shanmugam, Gabor Borgulya, Lisa Anderson
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Square eyes and plastic brains
Authors: I. Robertson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

It is Saturday morning and my friend Bob strides purposefully in from the garden to flush out his two children from the room where they have been watching television since dawn. “Come on you two, you'll get square eyes if you stay here any longer,” he cliches in the style unique to parents of young children. Her eyes not leaving Power Rangers for a millisecond, his precocious 6 year old daughter murmurs sweetly and reassuringly, “It's all right daddy, every now and again we turn and look at the round doorknob.” A subdued father closes the door quietly behind him and returns obediently to his weeds.

Before considering the neurological significance …
Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes have a promiscuous interleukin-8 receptor.
Authors: A I Roberts, M Bilenker, E C Ebert
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND: Human intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), predominantly T cells of the CD8+CD45RO+ phenotype that are situated between epithelial cells, have a chemotactic response to the alpha-chemokines, IL-8 and GRO, and the beta-chemokine, and the protein termed regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). AIM: To evaluate the specificity of the IL-8 receptor on IELs. METHODS: Specificity was determined by the degree of desensitisation of the IL-8 response caused by each chemokine and the degree of inhibition of IL-8 binding to the cell. RESULTS: IELs migrated towards two additional beta chemokines, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP). All chemokines inhibited IL-8 induced chemotaxis and calcium ion mobilisation by IELs, with IL-8 having the greatest effect and MCP the least. In addition, specific binding of radiolabelled IL-8 to IELs was reduced by each of the five chemokines in cold competition experiments, whereas only GRO and IL-8 itself displaced 125I-IL-8 from receptors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CONCLUSIONS: The IL-8 responsiveness of IELs is desensitised by chemokines of both the alpha and beta families, and this is likely to occur by the binding of the chemokines to common receptors.
Painless Thyroiditis: Diagnostic Essentials
Authors: Valentine J. Burroughs
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It is important for therapeutic as well as academic reasons to identify patients who have the newly described silent, or painless, thyroiditis and to differentiate them from patients with hyperthyroidism of other cause. The former condition is usually self-limiting, occasionally recurring, and rarely may lead to long-term hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Symptomatic treatment is all that is usually required, and methods that destroy thyroid tissue or interfere with hormone production should not be employed. Elevated concentration of thyroid hormone, a low radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU), and a normal ESR are prerequisites for a reliable diagnosis of the condition. However, ingestion of thyroid hormone or an expanded iodine pool also reduces RAIU and therefore can confuse the diagnosis. Subacute thyroiditis can usually be differentiated by the high ESR and on clinical grounds. Recently, Check and Avellino (1980; 244:1361) reported as an example of painless thyroiditis and transient thyrotoxicosis after