tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Graft-versus-Host Disease as Adoptive Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Hematologic Neoplasms
Authors: Keith M. Sullivan, Rainer Storb, C. Dean Buckner, Alexander Fefer, Lloyd Fisher, Paul L. Weiden, Robert P. Witherspoon, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Meera Banaji, John Hansen, Paul Martin, Jean E. Sanders, Jack Singer, E. Donnall Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukemia is thought to decrease the probability of recurrence. To study this effect (called adoptive immunotherapy) we modified the prophylaxis of GVHD in patients with advanced hematologic neoplasms (mostly leukemia) who received bone marrow transplants. Patients under 30 years of age were randomly assigned to one of three regimens of post-transplantation immunosuppression: Group I (n = 44) received a standard course of methotrexate for 102 days after transplantation, Group II (n = 40) received an abbreviated (11-day) course of methotrexate, and Group III (n = 25) received the standard course of methotrexate plus viable buffy-coat cells from the marrow donors. All 109 patients received cyclophosphamide (60 mg per kilogram of body weight on each of two days), total-body irradiation (2.25 Gy daily for seven days), and unmodified marrow from HLA-identical sibling donors. The frequency of GVHD of Grades II through IV was 25 percent in Group I, 59 percent in Group II, and 82 percent in Group III (P = 0.0001). The incidence of chronic GVHD, however, did not differ significantly among the groups (33, 51, and 44 percent, respectively), nor did the five-year probability of recurrence of disease (38, 45, and 33 percent, respectively). However, mortality from causes other than cancer was 34 percent in Group I, 45 percent in Group II, and 64 percent in Group III (I vs. III, P = 0.024); the deaths were due primarily to infections complicating the course of GVHD. With a median follow-up of 5.1 years (range, 3.9 to 7.4), disease-free survival was 41 percent in Group I, 30 percent in Group II, and 24 percent in Group III (the differences were not statistically significant). We conclude that abbreviating methotrexate prophylaxis or infusing donor buffy-coat cells increased the incidence of acute GVHD and related mortality without altering the incidence of chronic GVHD or the recurrence of malignant disease.
Fetal blood volume responses to acute fetal hemorrhage.
Authors: R A Brace
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The purpose of this study was to explore the changes in fetal blood volume that occur after fetal hemorrhage. Fifteen unanesthetized, chronically catheterized fetal sheep averaging 130 +/- 3 (SD) days gestation were studied 4 to 6 (average 5) days after catheter implantation. The fetuses were hemorrhaged by continuous withdrawal from an arterial catheter over 5 minutes. On the average (n = 15), 13.9 +/- 5.3% of the initial volume was removed. Fluid gradually entered the fetal circulation during and after the hemorrhage. Thirty minutes after hemorrhage had been initiated, 53.0 +/- 22.0% restitution of the lost volume occurred. Thus, short-term fetal blood volume restitution after fetal hemorrhage averaged about twice that of the adult. Hemorrhages averaging 7.3 +/- 2.3% (n = 3), 12.9 +/- 1.0% (n = 8), and 21.0 +/- 3.3% (n = 4) were followed by 55.7 +/- 13.3%, 54.7 +/- 26.4%, and 47.7 +/- 19.9% restitution, respectively. Thus, fractional volume replacement appears independent of the shed volume over the range of 5-25% volume loss. The protein concentration in the fluid which entered the fetal vasculature averaged 53% of the plasma protein concentration, suggesting that the fetal interstitium was the primary source of the fluid. In summary, the data suggest that the fetus is able to replace rapidly about half of the volume lost due to rapid hemorrhage, and appears considerably better at controlling its blood volume immediately after rapid hemorrhage than the adult.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Tanana Squaw (Woman) and Dog&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thalidomide attenuates the development of fibrosis during post‐infarction myocardial remodelling in rats
Authors: Arne Yndestad, Leif Erik Vinge, Reidar Bjørnerheim, Thor Ueland, Jacob E. Wang, Stig S. Frøland, Håvard Attramadal, Pål Aukrust, Erik Øie
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition limits dysfunction in adjacent noninfarcted regions during left ventricular remodeling
Authors: Christoper M. Kramer, Victor A. Ferrari, Walter J. Rogers, Therese M. Theobald, Michael L. Nance, Leon Axel, Nathaniel Reichek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)

We hypothesized that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors would limit dysfunction in the first 8 weeks after transmural infarction in adjacent noninfarcted regions, as well as attenuate left ventricular remodeling. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition limits ventricular dilation and hypertrophy and improves survival after anterior infarction, but its effect on regional function during remodeling is not well characterized. Thirteen sheep underwent coronary ligation to create an anteroapical infarction. At postinfarction day 2, eight sheep were randomized to therapy with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril, and five sheep received no therapy. Animals were studied with magnetic resonance myocardial tagging before and 8 weeks after infarction. Left ventricular volume, mass and ejection fraction were measured, as were changes in percent circumferential shortening within the subendocardium and subepicardium of infarcted and noninfarcted myocardium, both adjacent to and remote from the infarction. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition limited the increase in end-diastolic volume from a mean (±SD) of +1.5 ± 0.7 ml/kg in control animals to +0.5 ± 0.8 ml/kg in the treated group (p < 0.04). Segmental function within infarcted and remote noninfarcted tissue did not differ between groups. However, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition limited the decline in function in the adjacent noninfarcted region 8 weeks after infarction. Percent circumferential shortening in the subendocardium decreased by −13 ± 5% in the control group compared with −5 ± 5% in the treated group (p < 0.03). In concert with a reduction in left ventricular remodeling after anterior infarction, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition limits the decline in function in the adjacent noninfarcted region. Dysfunction in adjacent noninfarcted regions may be an important determinant of left ventricular remodeling after infarction.
THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF IMMUNITY REACTIONS
Authors: C. H. Browning
Journal: BMJ (1915)

THE cheimiistry of ilmulnity reactions lhas beeln actively investigated 'and the results constitute an extenisive literature.The stage of simiplification lhas not yet been reaclhed, and later wvorlk lhas almost always added to tlhe conmplexitv of the subject.Few now doubt tiie celmeiiical basis of the alterationis in the tissues anid body fluids wlhiel constitute acquired immuinity.To speak of imnmunity reactioins, lhowever, may be miisleadincg, and it is more accuLrate to desinliate them antibody reactions, since the very opposite of inimunity, anaphylaxis, miiay result fromii so-called pro- cedures of inimnIunIiizatioln.The manifestationis of anti- body action are in most cases niot peculiar, but conisist in pliysical or chiemilical alterations whicil can usually be produced in various othier ways.Tllus absorption of coI- plement is not effected onily by an antigen-antibody conmplex.In general, the clharacteristic featrire of an antibody reaction consists in its being broughit about by an anti- serum, whiichl, apparently, differs fromi other serunis only in one constant feature-nanmely, its capacity to cause certain clhanges whien associated withi the lhomuologous anticen.It is extremely difficult to classifv antigens except according to tile effects whichi follow whien they are associated with thie corresponding antibodies.Thus it is possible to differentiate (1) antitoxic and alnti- ferment action, (2) agglutiniation aid p)recipitation, (3) com- plement fixation, which may or may iiot be accompanied by ,cytol tie action), (4) bacteriotropic or opsonic effects; in additioni to these there falls to be considered (5) decompositions (Itie to the actioni of anitagoniistic ferments-thlat is to sav, sulb- .stanicessuppose(d to be of fermenit cha&acter, which liave the property of breaking (lown iito clhemically siml)ler lbodies the compounds in response to which they ihave beeni dleveloped.This last class of reactive plhenomenia has beeii broughit into prominence l)y th-e recent investigations of Abderhalden aimd his co-workers.
BK Virus Nephropathy — Polyomavirus Adding Insult to Injury
Authors: Jay A. Fishman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Viruses are particularly troublesome pathogens in transplant recipients. Viral infections enhance susceptibility to opportunistic infection both by causing tissue injury and by contributing to systemic immunosuppression.1 Such infections increase the rate of graft rejection and the risk that cancer will develop. The problem of viral infection in transplantation reflects the intricate balance between lifelong viral infection in tissues, the host's antiviral immune function, and the level of immunosuppression required to maintain graft function.The likelihood that latent viral infection will be activated is a function of the microbiologic features of the specific virus, the presence of stimuli for the activation . . .
Anti-HIV Antibody Structure
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2283: Nano-scale proteomic profiles of response to targeted therapy in patients with RCC.
Authors: Alice C. Fan, John Leppert, Joanna E. Liliental, Liwen Xu, Thomas J. Metzner, Emelyn Shroff, Alia Yaghi, Christine Yost, James D. Brooks, Lauren C. Harshman, Chiara Sabatti, Sandhya Srinivas, Dean W. Felsher
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Novel agents that inhibit targets in the hypoxia and MTOR pathways can achieve response rates of 30-60% in renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, biomarkers have not yet been identified to measure degree of target inhibition and mechanism of biologic response in individual patients. We developed the use of a high-throughput, nanoscale immunoassay (NIA, Nanopro1000 Instrument, Protein Simple) to profile hypoxia pathways and downstream signaling in serially sampled clinical specimens from patients with RCC. NIA uses charge-based separation to distinguish multiple charged modifications of individual proteins, and measure relative ratios of individual unphosphorylated and phosphorylated isoforms. We first developed and optimized assays to measure therapeutic targets and proteins in hypoxia, proliferation and metabolic pathways (including CaIX, HIF, VEGFR, ERK, AKT, MYC, glutaminase) to analyze frozen surgical specimens, fine needle aspirates (FNA's) and blood PBMC specimens from patients with RCC. Next, we analyzed more than 200 FNA's from solid tumors, comparing RCC with paired adjacent non-tumor tissue and other epithelial malignancies. Basal MAPK signaling across the samples ranged across 3 logs for both normal and tumor tissue, demonstrating the difficulty in setting a threshold predictive of response based on a single pre-treatment measurement. To test whether analysis of serial specimens could detect changes, we prospectively collected and analyzed blood peripheral mononuclear cells from 20 RCC patients before and during treatment with standard targeted therapies including MTOR and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We report for the first time that targeted inhibitors can preferentially inhibit or activate specific protein phospho-isoforms in patients with RCC. Our studies demonstrate that rapid and quantitative nanoproteomic profiling in very small amounts of serially sampled clinical specimen may accelerate translational studies for predictive proteomic biomarkers of response to targeted therapy. Citation Format: Alice C. Fan, John Leppert, Joanna E. Liliental, Liwen Xu, Thomas J. Metzner, Emelyn Shroff, Alia Yaghi, Christine Yost, James D. Brooks, Lauren C. Harshman, Chiara Sabatti, Sandhya Srinivas, Dean W. Felsher. Nano-scale proteomic profiles of response to targeted therapy in patients with RCC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2283. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2283
Intoxication of the Fetus by a Local Anesthetic
Authors: John C. Sinclair, Howard A. Fox, Joseph F. Lentz, Gilbert L. Fuld, Jerome Murphy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

OVER a two-year period we have observed 4 newborn babies who have been intoxicated by a local anesthetic administered during caudal anesthesia of the mother in labor. In each case a visible puncture mark in the scalp indicated that the drug had been accidentally injected directly into the fetus. We believe that the syndrome in the infant is a clinically distinct, previously unrecognized complication of maternal caudal anesthesia.A preliminary report of the occurrence of this complication has recently appeared.1 The present communication describes in detail the clinical features and response to various therapeutic measures, including drug removal by exchange . . .
Delta-aminolevulinic acid transport by intestinal and renal peptide transporters and its physiological and clinical implications.
Authors: F Döring, J Walter, J Will, M Föcking, M Boll, S Amasheh, W Clauss, H Daniel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the precursor of porphyrin synthesis and has been recently used in vitro and in clinical studies as an endogenous photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy in the treatment of various tumors. For this purpose, ALA is given topically, systemically, or orally. When administered by the oral route, it shows excellent intestinal absorption. ALA is also efficiently reabsorbed in the renal proximal tubule after glomerular filtration. However, the pathways and mechanisms for its transmembrane transport into epithelial cells of intestine and kidney are unknown. Here we demonstrate that ALA uses the intestinal and renal apical peptide transporters for entering into epithelial cells. Kinetics and characteristics of ALA transport were determined in Xenopus laevis ooyctes and Pichia pastoris yeast cells expressing either the cloned intestinal peptide transporter PEPT1 or the renal form PEPT2. By using radiolabeled ALA and electrophysiological techniques in these heterologous expression systems, we established that: (a) PEPT1 and PEPT2 translocate 3H-ALA by saturable and pH-dependent transport mechanisms, (b) that ALA and di-/tripeptides, but not GABA or related amino acids, compete at the same substrate-binding site of the carriers, and (c) that ALA transport is electrogenic in nature as a consequence of H+/ALA cotransport. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis performed with specific primers for PEPT1 and PEPT2 in rabbit tissues demonstrates that, in particular, the PEPT2 mRNA is expressed in a variety of other tissues including lung, brain, and mammary gland, which have been shown to accumulate ALA. This suggests that these tissues could take up the porphyrin precusor via expressed peptide transporters, providing the endogenous photosensitizers for efficient photodynamic therapy.
292 ASSOCIATION OF HBSAG DECLINE WITH INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSES DURING ACUTE HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: J. Jaroszewicz, A. Markova, V. Schlaphoff, J. Grabowski, T. Voigtlaender, B. Calle Serrano, K. Port, B. Heidrich, M.P. Manns, H. Wedemeyer, M. Cornberg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Drug Promotion in a Family Medicine Training Center
Authors: A. F. Shaughnessy
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Advertising of pharmaceuticals is so commonplace that its potential impact on the practice of medicine often is overlooked. A family medicine residency training center was surveyed to determine the extent of drug promotion within this teaching environment. <h3>Study.—</h3> The family medicine center studied serves as a university-affiliatedtraining site for 39 family medicine residents and medical and pharmacy students. Patient-care areas consist of 24 examination rooms, five nursing stations, a waiting area, and four common hallways where prescription pads and prescribing information are kept. Access of medical service representatives to the center is limited to a "display room" that residents, students, and staff may visit to discuss the advertised product. Samples are kept in a locked cabinet. Any promotional material found in the center other than in these two areas is placed there by faculty or staff. Each patient-care area was surveyed for any type of promotional
On the Surgical Treatment of Uterine Cancer and its Recurrences
Authors: T. Landau
Journal: BMJ (1899)

Ll 1o=269sion, and situated on the anterior wall near the lesser curvature, and about I to If inch from the cardiac orifice.The stoinach wall was in- verted, and an attem'pt imade to stitch it by Lembert sutures.These held very badly, as the stomach wall for some distance around the ulcer was softened.The great omentum was then turned up, anid a large patch stitched with interrupted sutures over the floor of the ulcer.The portion of omentuni inieluded in the stitches measured about 2 inches in dikmeter.The stomach wall with the attached omentum was then folded and stitched.The abdomen was irrigated with warm saline solu- tion, and a large drainage tube was left in at thle outer extremity of the transverse portion of the incision.About sixty Lembert sutures were
Managing obstetric and gynaecological emergencies.
Authors: R Jelly
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Managing obstetric and gynaecological emergencies in the home is based on: (1) Accurate diagnosis, including assessing the degree of severity. Accuracy may sometimes have to be sacrificed in the interests of safety. (2) Transferring the patient to the appropriate hospital unit when necessary. (3) Starting treatment before transferring the patient. Admit? ting the patient to hospital is common (6% of all emergency admissions to hospital are gynaecological). Fortunately the necessity for treatment before transfer is uncommon. Virtually all emergencies are associated with pregnancy. Two major presenting symptoms dominate: vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. Bleeding is specific but abdominal pain is not, and the gynaecological diagnosis, even during pregnancy, may not be determined without considering the many causes of acute abdominal pain.
Book Review Kidney Stones: Medical and surgical management Edited by Fredric L. Coe, Murray J. Favus, Charles Y.C. Pak, Joan H. Parks, and Glenn M. Preminger. 1109 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven, 1996. $275. 0-7817-0263-1
Authors: Albrecht Hesse
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)
A Prospective Study of Endogenous Estrogens and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: P. G. Toniolo, M. Levitz, A. Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, S. Banerjee, K. L. Koenig, R. E. Shore, P. Strax, B. S. Pasternack
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article A Prospective Study of Endogenous Estrogens and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women Get access Paolo G. Toniolo, Paolo G. Toniolo Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of MedicineNew York Correspondence to: Paolo G. Toniolo, M.D., Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 341 East 25th St., New York, NY 10010. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mortimer Levitz, Mortimer Levitz Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of MedicineNew York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sila Banerjee, Sila Banerjee Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Karen L. Koenig, Karen L. Koenig Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of MedicineNew York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roy E. Shore, Roy E. Shore Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of MedicineNew York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Philip Strax, Philip Strax Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bernard S. Pasternack Bernard S. Pasternack Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of MedicineNew York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 3, February 1995, Pages 190–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.3.190 Published: 01 February 1995