tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Muddy River and Boylston's 250th
Authors: Francis D. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Just west of Muddy River (the Fenway to us), still tidal where it trickled down from the cattail swamp (now known as Jamaica Pond) to the clammy mud flats of the Charles (about where the overpass crosses), was a low hill ascended by a narrow road (now called Walnut Street) leading to the wilds of the West (yes, Newton). To the south of this well beaten track as it passed the local Church (the First Parish, founded in 1717) and its nearby cemetery (sheltering the bones of pox victims) rose a steeper hilltop from whose summit could be seen the . . .
Path to Immunotherapy – What Is Driving Immunotherapy Use? : The Allergies, Immunotherapy, &amp; Rhinoconjunctivitis (AIRS) Patient Survey
Authors: David P. Skoner, Michael S. Blaiss, Mark S. Dykewicz, Bryan D. Leatherman, Nancy Smith, Felicia C. Allen-Ramey
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Comparison of the hemodynamic responses to ketanserin and prazosin in portal hypertensive rats
Authors: Susan A. Cummings, Alberto J. Kaumann, Roberto J. Groszmann
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Ketanserin, a serotonin antagonist, is effective in lowering portal pressure in a rat model of portal hypertension. As ketanserin has α 1 -adrenoceptor-blocking properties in addition to its serotonin-blocking effects, we sought to define further the mechanism of ketanserin’s portal pressure-lowering effect. We attempted to determine whether the portal pressure-reducing effect of ketanserin was due to the unspecific effect of arterial blood pressure reduction mediated by α 1 -adrenoceptor blockade or to serotonin receptor-blocking properties of ketanserin. The hemodynamic action of prazosin and α 1 -adrenoceptor antagonist and ketanserin were compared in portal hypertensive rats in which the arterial pressure was equally reduced by both agents. The portal pressure was significantly lower in the ketanserin-treated group (11.3 ± 0.4 mm Hg) when compared to the saline-treated group (13.6 ± 0.7 mm Hg). The portal pressure was not significantly lower in the prazosin-treated group when compared to the saline-treated group (12.3 ± 0.5 vs. 13.6 ± 0.7 mm Hg, respectively). The same relationship held true for portal venous inflow and cardiac output. For each measurement, results in the ketanserin group were significantly lower when compared to the saline-treated group. These data in the prazosin-treated group were similar to data in the saline-treated group. The differences between the effect of ketanserin and prazosin were obtained despite similar blood pressure decreases. Ketanserin produced an 18% decrease and prazosin a 14% decrease in blood pressure when values were compared to their preinjection baselines. Ketanserin at the dose used lowers portal pressure primarily via serotonin blockade; α 1 -adrenoceptor blockade and arterial hypotension appear to play a lesser role. This finding further supports a role for serotonin in portal hypertension.
THE DENTAL NEEDS OF THE POOR OF LONDON, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SCHOOL CHILDREN AND THE EDUCATION (ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS) ACT, 1907
Authors: J. G. Turner
Journal: BMJ (1908)

an admission and discharge book so filled up any clerk can make out a elassified return of diseases: Infective diseases, malignant diseases, diseases of the various systems that are not either infective or malignant, are compelled to fall-Into proper order, and a bracket to define the sections is all that is necessary to complete the return.The first page of the form furnished to the hospitals underthe superintendence of the Dublin Hospital Board is reproduced, as it furnishes an illustration of how the system works.On it the number of infective cases, of malignant cases, of injuries, etc., are seen at once.I would asks representatives of hospitals to give this system their consideration, and If they approve of it to try and introduce it into the institutions with which they are connected.I have said It is in use in the Army Medical Service, and it may be in more general employ- ment than I am aware of; it is for its universal adoption that I plead.Why should not each disease carry a like number in every land?
Abstract SY17-02: A systems approach to understanding tumor specific drug response
Authors: Uri David Akavia, Oren Litvin, Felix Sanchez-Garcia, Helen C. Dylan Kotliar, Jessica Kim, Levi A. Garraway, Dana Pe'er
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Systematic characterization of cancer genomes has revealed a staggering complexity of aberrations among individuals, such that the functional importance and physiological impact of most tumor genetic alterations remains poorly defined. A major challenge involves the development of analysis methods to uncover biological insights from the data, including the identification of the key mutations that drive cancer and how these events alter cellular regulation. We have developed Conexic, a novel Bayesian Network-based framework to integrate chromosomal copy number and gene expression data to detect to detect driver genes located in regions that are aberrant in tumors. The underlying assumption is that a driving mutation might be associated with a characteristic gene expression signature representing genes whose expression is modulated by the driver. Thus our score guided approach searches for genes that are both recurrently aberrant and associated with variance of expression patterns across tumor samples. This method not only pinpoints specific regulators within a large aberrant region, but also by associating drivers with gene modules whose expression vary with the driver, provides insight into the physiological roles of drivers and associated genes. We demonstrated the utility of the CONEXIC framework using a melanoma dataset, our analysis correctly identified known drivers in melanoma (such as MITF) and connected these to many of their known targets, as well as the biological processes they regulate. In addition, it predicted multiple tumor dependencies TBC1D16 and RAB27A in melanoma and showed that tumors highly expressing these genes are dependent on the same gene for growth. Additionally, gene expression in the associated modules is altered following knockdown as predicted by our model. The identity of these drivers suggests that abnormal regulation of protein trafficking is important for cell survival in melanoma and highlights the importance of protein trafficking in this malignancy. We also present more recent results of applying CONEXIC to additional cancers, including glioblastoma and ovarian cancers, as well as additional phenotypes including invasion and drug resistance. Together, these results demonstrate the ability of integrative Bayesian approaches to identify novel drivers with biological, and possibly therapeutic, importance in cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY17-02. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-SY17-02
Guide to Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Scott M. Grundy, Gary J. Balady, Michael H. Criqui, Gerald Fletcher, Philip Greenland, Loren F. Hiratzka, Nancy Houston-Miller, Penny Kris-Etherton, Harlan M. Krumholz, John LaRosa, Ira S. Ockene, Thomas A. Pearson, James Reed, Reginald Washington, Sidney C. Smith
Journal: Circulation (1997)
Therapies Directed Against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Aerodigestive Carcinomas
Authors: Michalis V. Karamouzis, Jennifer R. Grandis, Athanassios Argiris
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Malignancies arising from the aerodigestive epithelium, including lung, head and neck, and esophageal carcinomas, are the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Given the biological importance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cancer development and progression, EGFR inhibitors have emerged as promising novel therapies.To summarize the current status of EGFR inhibitors in aerodigestive carcinomas (ADCs), highlight ongoing research designed to optimize their therapeutic effectiveness, and consider the future role of these agents.Systematic MEDLINE search of English-language literature (1966-April 2007) performed using the terms EGFR, EGFR inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, and EGFR predictive factors. Quality assessment of selected studies included clinical pertinence, with an emphasis on controlled study design, publication in peer-reviewed journals, adequate number of enrolled patients, objectivity of measurements, and techniques used to minimize bias.The role of EGFR in ADC pathogenesis has been extensively studied, and multiple EGFR inhibition strategies are under evaluation. Erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor used as a single agent, and cetuximab, an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody used in combination with radiation, have conferred survival benefit in 1 trial of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (median survival, 6.7 vs 4.7 months; hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.87; P < .001) and in 1 trial of patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (median survival, 49 vs 29.3 months; hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.97; P = .03), respectively. However, other trials have not shown these degrees of improvement. EGFR inhibitors toxicities include rash, diarrhea, and hypomagnesemia. Somatic mutations and other molecular tumoral characteristics offer opportunities for treatment individualization and optimal patient selection for anti-EGFR therapy.EGFR is a promising therapeutic target in ADC. Further translational research is needed to optimize ways of inhibiting EGFR using single-agent or combination regimens and to identify patients who benefit the most from these therapies.
Use of Antidepressants Among Elderly Subjects: Trends and Contributing Factors
Authors: Muhammad M. Mamdani, Sagar V. Parikh, Peter C. Austin, Ross E.G. Upshur
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

The authors assessed changes over time in antidepressant utilization among elderly subjects regarding the prevalence of antidepressant users, shifts in prescription patterns, and related financial implications.The authors conducted a population-based study of more than 1.4 million Ontario residents aged 65 years or older. Cross-sectional data regarding annual antidepressant utilization were obtained from administrative databases for 1993 to 1997. Time series analysis was used to assess trends over time and to make future projections.The proportion of antidepressant users increased from 9.3% of the elderly population in 1993 to 11.5% in 1997. Prescriptions for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) accounted for 9.6% of antidepressant prescriptions dispensed in the first 30 days of 1993 and 45.1% of those dispensed by the last 30 days of 1997 and were projected to increase to approximately 56% by the end of 2000. Prescriptions for tricyclic antidepressants fell from 79.0% in the first 30 days of 1993 to 43.1% by the last 30 days of 1997 and were projected to decline to approximately 28% by the end of 2000. Annual antidepressant costs (in Canadian dollars) increased by 150%, from $10.8 million in 1993 to $27.0 million in 1997. Population shifts and an increase in the prevalence of antidepressant users accounted for at least 20% of this increase, whereas the prescribing transition from tricyclic antidepressants to SSRIs accounted for at least 61% of the increase.The introduction of SSRIs has had a substantial financial impact at the drug utilization level. Future research should address the appropriate balancing of the cost of newer agents versus their ostensible advantages.
Public health implications of 1990 air toxics concentrations across the United States.
Authors: T J Woodruff, D A Axelrad, J Caldwell, R Morello-Frosch, A Rosenbaum
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Occupational and toxicological studies have demonstrated adverse health effects from exposure to toxic air contaminants. Data on outdoor levels of toxic air contaminants have not been available for most communities in the United States, making it difficult to assess the potential for adverse human health effects from general population exposures. Emissions data from stationary and mobile sources are used in an atmospheric dispersion model to estimate outdoor concentrations of 148 toxic air contaminants for each of the 60,803 census tracts in the contiguous United States for 1990. Outdoor concentrations of air toxics were compared to previously defined benchmark concentrations for cancer and noncancer health effects. Benchmark concentrations are based on standard toxicological references and represent air toxic levels above which health risks may occur. The number of benchmark concentrations exceeded by modeled concentrations ranged from 8 to 32 per census tract, with a mean of 14. Estimated concentrations of benzene, formaldehyde, and 1,3-butadiene were greater than cancer benchmark concentrations in over 90% of the census tracts. Approximately 10% of all census tracts had estimated concentrations of one or more carcinogenic HAPs greater than a 1-in-10,000 risk level. Twenty-two pollutants with chronic toxicity benchmark concentrations had modeled concentrations in excess of these benchmarks, and approximately 200 census tracts had a modeled concentration 100 times the benchmark for at least one of these pollutants. This comprehensive assessment of air toxics concentrations across the United States indicates hazardous air pollutants may pose a potential public health problem.
A NOTE ON THE SPECIFIC AGGLUTINATION OF PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPES I, II AND III
Authors: John F. Enders
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

1. Type-specific agglutination of Pneumococcus Types I, II and III has been demonstrated in antisera largely deprived of the carbohydrate antibody. 2. The type-specific agglutinogens in Pneumococcus I and II responsible for agglutination in such antisera are inactivated by heating in alkaline solution at 100 degrees C. The specific carbohydrate remains unaltered under these conditions. 3. The relationship of the type-specific agglutinogen in Pneurmococcus I to the type-specific A substance has been discussed. 4. The possible application of these results to the standardization of therapeutic antisera by agglutinin titre has been discussed. 5. On the basis of the experiments recorded a tentative explanation is offered for the failure of Pneumococcus Type II to absorb the agglutinins from anti-B. friedlaenderi Type B serum.
IMIPRAMINE IN ENURESIS
Authors: ALFRED L. ABRAMS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

A group of 13 enuretic children was studied in an attempt to specify an antienuretic effect to imipramine. Organic disease was ruled out and safeguards were established for prompt recognition of drug reactions. A double-blind study was made, with children under 12 receiving 25 mg., and those over 12 50 mg. of imipramine nightly. Matching placebo studies were carried out for control. Results were examined clinically and statistically.
Bacteria and Irritable Bowel
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Specificity of the proteus antibody response in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: C M Deighton, J Gray, A J Bint, D J Walker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Antibodies to proteus were determined by indirect immunofluorescence in 146 serum samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). An autoantibody screen was performed in the same samples and in 52 of these antibody titres to the viruses influenza A, adenovirus, rubella, and parvovirus were determined. There was no significant correlation between proteus antibodies and any of the other antibodies tested. Dividing the samples into those from patients with active (C reactive protein > 10 mg/l) and inactive RA showed that the only antibodies to be significantly increased in active RA were the proteus antibodies. These observations suggest that the proteus antibody response in RA is specific.
Late presentation of diaphragmatic hernia: a missed diagnosis.
Authors: D. C. Mitchell, R. E. Lea
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A propos de 6 observations de hernie diaphragmatique diagnostiquee trop tardivement lors de complications. Tout syndrome de gene ou douleur epigastrique postprandiale avec antecedent de traumatisme doit faire suspecter la hernie diaphragmatique
Sixth Report on the World Health Situation, 1973-1977, pt 1: Global Analysis; pt 2: Review by Country and Area
Authors: John A. H. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This is a two-volume overview from the World Health Organization of the world health situation during five years. The first volume is a wideranging analysis with discussions of health differentials between various populations, areas of change and development in prevention and treatment, a similar section on medical research, and a useful statistical appendix. The second volume contains essays contributed by the governments of most member-countries. The global "Background" chapter from WHO headquarters deals with population growth, economics, and similar topics. A masterful survey chapter, "Health Status Differentials," illustrates graphically differences in infant survival, the importance of infectious diseases, and differences in male and female adult survival in the developed world. Chapters follow on "Health Action," "Research," and the "Outlook for the Future," which comes back to problems of population and economics. When the pressures on the contributing officials are considered—the urgent need to demonstrate that the situation of the inhabitants
Isotopic enrichment of amino acids in urine following oral infusions of l-[1-13C]phenylalanine and l-[1-13C]lysine in humans: Confounding effect of d-[13C]amino acids
Authors: Pauline B. Darling, Rachelle Bross, Linda J. Wykes, Ronald O. Ball, Paul B. Pencharz
Journal: Metabolism (1999)
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with levamisole: long-term results and immune changes.
Authors: L A Runge, R S Pinals, R H Tomar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

We treated 29 rheumatoid arthritis patients with levamisole. on the basis of a 25% improvement in any 3 of 6 measurements 95% of the patients had a favourable response within 20 weeks. However, 64% of the patients discontinued levamisole by 40 to 60 weeks because of rash or secondary treatment failures. Delayed skin reactivity to streptokinase-streptodornase increased significantly in the entire treatment group, but there was in inverse correlation between skin test enhancement and clinical response. There was no overall change in lymphocytes response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) after 4 and 16 weeks of treatment, but seven patients with enhanced lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA experienced an earlier clinical response to levamisole. Treatment with levamisole frequently results in clinical improvement in rheumatoid arthritis, but this is not clearly related to a stimulatory effect on cell-mediated immunity. Its long-term usefulness may be limited by a high incidence of relapse and rash.
Increasing Probability of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HHV-8 with Increasing Maternal Antibody Titer for HHV-8
Authors: Freddy Sitas, Robert Newton, Chris Boshoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: We reported previously on mother-to-child transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in South Africa.1 Stored serum samples obtained from 107 women (60 were black, 24 white, 5 Asian, and 18 other) and 112 of their children between the ages of 6 months and 14 years (61 girls, 50 boys, and 1 unknown) were tested for HHV-8: 42 percent (8 of 19) of the children whose mothers were seropositive for HHV-8 were themselves seropositive, whereas only 1 percent (1 of 93) of the children whose mothers were seronegative for HHV-8 were seropositive.1 To assess the effect of maternal . . .
Comparison of exon 5 sequences from 35 class I genes of the BALB/c mouse.
Authors: K A Brorson, S W Hunt, T Hunkapiller, Y H Sun, H Cheroutre, D A Nickerson, L Hood
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

DNA sequences of the fifth exon, which encodes the transmembrane domain, were determined for the BALB/c mouse class I MHC genes and used to study the relationships between them. Based on nucleotide sequence similarity, the exon 5 sequences can be divided into seven groups. Although most members within each group are at least 80% similar to each other, comparison between groups reveals that the groups share little similarity. However, in spite of the extensive variation of the fifth exon sequences, analysis of their predicted amino acid translations reveals that only four class I gene fifth exons have frameshifts or stop codons that terminate their translation and prevent them from encoding a domain that is both hydrophobic and long enough to span a lipid bilayer. Exactly 27 of the remaining fifth exons could encode a domain that is similar to those of the transplantation antigens in that it consists of a proline-rich connecting peptide, a transmembrane segment, and a cytoplasmic portion with membrane-anchoring basic residues. The conservation of this motif in the majority of the fifth exon translations in spite of extensive variation suggests that selective pressure exists for these exons to maintain their ability to encode a functional transmembrane domain, raising the possibility that many of the nonclassical class I genes encode functionally important products.
Reactivation of ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes: results from GUSTO-IIb
Authors: Maria Cecilia Bahit, Eric J Topol, Robert M Califf, Paul W Armstrong, Douglas A Criger, Vic Hasselblad, Amadeo Betriu, Jack Hirsh, Diego Ardissino, Christopher B Granger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Suitability of Thoracic Cytology for New Therapeutic Paradigms in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma: High Accuracy of Tumor Subtyping and Feasibility of EGFR and KRAS Molecular Testing
Authors: Natasha Rekhtman, Suzanne M. Brandt, Carlie S. Sigel, Maria A. Friedlander, Gregory J. Riely, William D. Travis, Maureen F. Zakowski, Andre L. Moreira
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)