tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Air Pollution and Individual and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Evidence from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Anjum Hajat, Ana V. Diez-Roux, Sara D. Adar, Amy H. Auchincloss, Gina S. Lovasi, Marie S. O’Neill, Lianne Sheppard, Joel D. Kaufman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Background: Although research has shown that low socioeconomic status (SES) and minority communities have higher exposure to air pollution, few studies have simultaneously investigated the associations of individual and neighborhood SES with pollutants across multiple sites.Objectives: We characterized the distribution of ambient air pollution by both individual and neighborhood SES using spatial regression methods.Methods: The study population comprised 6,140 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Year 2000 annual average ambient PM2.5 and NOx concentrations were calculated for each study participant's home address at baseline examination. We investigated individual and neighborhood (2000 U.S. Census tract level) SES measures corresponding to the domains of income, wealth, education, and occupation. We used a spatial intrinsic conditional autoregressive model for multivariable analysis and examined pooled and metropolitan area–specific models.Results: A 1-unit increase in the z-score for family income was associated with 0.03-μg/m3 lower PM2.5 (95% CI: –0.05, –0.01) and 0.93% lower NOx (95% CI: –1.33, –0.53) after adjustment for covariates. A 1-SD–unit increase in the neighborhood's percentage of persons with at least a high school degree was associated with 0.47-μg/m3 lower mean PM2.5 (95% CI: –0.55, –0.40) and 9.61% lower NOx (95% CI: –10.85, –8.37). Metropolitan area–specific results exhibited considerable heterogeneity. For example, in New York, high-SES neighborhoods were associated with higher concentrations of pollution.Conclusions: We found statistically significant associations of SES measures with predicted air pollutant concentrations, demonstrating the importance of accounting for neighborhood- and individual-level SES in air pollution health effects research.Citation: Hajat A, Diez-Roux AV, Adar SD, Auchincloss AH, Lovasi GS, O'Neill MS, Sheppard L, Kaufman JD. 2013. Air pollution and individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status: evidence from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Environ Health Perspect 121:1325–1333; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206337
Spontaneous and evoked intracellular calcium transients in donor-derived myocytes following intracardiac myoblast transplantation
Authors: Michael Rubart, Mark H. Soonpaa, Hidehiro Nakajima, Loren J. Field
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Skeletal myoblast transplantation is a potential treatment for congestive heart failure. To study the functional activity of both donor and host myocytes following transplantation, skeletal myoblasts expressing an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgene were transplanted into hearts of nontransgenic recipients, and changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) were monitored in donor and host cells. While the vast majority of donor-derived myocytes were observed to be functionally isolated from the host myocardium, a small population of donor myocytes exhibited action potential-induced calcium transients in synchrony with adjacent host cardiomyocytes. In many cases, the durations of these [Ca2+]i transients were heterogeneous compared with those in neighboring host cardiomyocytes. In other studies, EGFP-expressing donor myoblasts were transplanted into the hearts of adult transgenic recipient mice expressing a cardiomyocyte-restricted beta-gal reporter gene. A small population of myocytes was observed to express both reporter transgenes, indicating that the transplanted myoblasts fused with host cardiomyocytes at a very low frequency. These cells also expressed connexin43, a component of gap junctions. Thus engraftment of skeletal myoblasts generated spatial heterogeneity of [Ca2+]i signaling at the myocardial/skeletal muscle interface, most likely as a consequence of fusion events between donor myoblasts and host cardiomyocytes.
Vitamin C Prophylaxis in a Boarding School
Authors: John L. Coulehan, Keith S. Reisinger, Kenneth D. Rogers, Daniel W. Bradley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

A double-blind study to evaluate vitamin C supplements for respiratory-Infection prophylaxis was conducted among 641 children at a Navajo boarding school over a 14-week period. Supplements of 1 and 2 g, or placebo, were given daily. A sample of each group had serial blood ascorbic acid determinations, which showed significant rises among groups treated with vitamin C, but no difference in mean levels between those receiving 1 and those given 2 g. Although there was no difference between treatment groups in number of respiratory episodes, those given vitamin C had fewer days of morbidity than those receiving placebo, both in older (34 per cent) and in younger (28 per cent) age groups. In active surveillance, there were 26 per cent fewer symptomatic days observed in younger vitamin C groups, and 33 per cent fewer in older girls on vitamin C. No such difference was seen in older boys. Nasal discharge and cough were the two symptoms apparently benefited. Significantly more children on vitamin C had no sick days observed in the periodic survey. In addition, treated children with higher blood ascorbic acid levels had fewer symptomatic days noted than those with lower levels. (N Engl J Med 290:6–10, 1974)
The GTPase-activating protein ARAP3 regulates chemotaxis and adhesion-dependent processes in neutrophils
Authors: Laure Gambardella, Karen E. Anderson, Claudia Nussbaum, Anne Segonds-Pichon, Tânia Margarido, Laura Norton, Thomas Ludwig, Markus Sperandio, Phillip T. Hawkins, Len Stephens, Sonja Vermeren
Journal: Blood (2011)
The oxygen affinity of concentrated human hemoglobin solutions and human blood
Authors: Steven M. Horvath, Arthur Malenfant, Francesco Rossi, Luigi Rossi‐Bernardi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract The log P 50 of normal human blood at 37°, P CO2 = 0, 21, 42, and 57 mm Hg, in the absence and in the presence of 2,3‐DPG and ATP, has been determined in the pH range 7.0 to 7.6. Similar data have been obtained for human hemoglobin isotonic solutions at different protein concentrations in the presence of various amounts of each of the cofactors which are known to affect hemoglobin oxygen affinity in blood. It has been found that the addition of KCl, organic phosphates, magnesium ions, and CO 2 confers to a 32% human hemoglobin solution the same oxygen affinity (over the entire physiological pH range) of whole blood. Thus there is no room for significant effects caused by some other unidentified molecules or ions.
The addition of rituximab to front-line therapy with CHOP (R-CHOP) results in a higher response rate and longer time to treatment failure in patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma: results of a randomized trial of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG)
Authors: C Buske, E Hoster, M Dreyling, H Eimermacher, H Wandt, B Metzner, R Fuchs, J Bittenbring, B Woermann, K Hohloch, G Hess, W-D Ludwig, J Schimke, S Schmitz, M Kneba, M Reiser, U Graeven, W Klapper, M Unterhalt, W Hiddemann
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
An Address ON THE SO-CALLED FAMILY DISEASES: PREMATURE PHYSIOLOGICAL SENESCENCE LOCALIZED TO CERTAIN ORGANIC SYSTEMS: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London on June 22nd, 1908
Authors: F. Raymond
Journal: BMJ (1908)

CONCLUSIONS.The spontaneous m6dificatioh or disappearance of pain is so large a subject that a lecture like this can hardly be made to contain more than a suggestion of its importance.What I have said, however, I hope will be sufficient to emphasize the three following cardinal points necessary to be borne in mind in its consideration:1.No accurate estimate of the behaviour of pain is possible in the absence of a careful study of the tempera- m6nt of the patient.2. Sudden or rapid disappearance of pain should never be accepted without reserve on its own account as a sign of improvement.3. Sudden disappearance or rapid diminution of'pain, unless it'be coincident' with proportionate improvement in the associated symptoms, is often a'sign of impending disaster, and not an indication of recovery.
Protecting the Health of Children of Immigrants&lt;subtitle&gt;Innocent Victims of Adult Policy&lt;/subtitle&gt;
Authors: Jack Lewin
Journal: JAMA (1997)

It has become fashionable again in the United States to support anti-immigrant public policy. These attitudes, policies, and resulting laws affect health care access for immigrants and particularly for the children of immigrants. California Proposition 187, which denies virtually all government services—including health benefits—to undocumented immigrants, began the current round of anti-immigrant legislation, though it has not been implemented since its passage in 1994, due to legal challenges. Federal and state welfare reform, passed in 1996 and being implemented this year, is the major threat to access for immigrants, because health insurance through Medicaid and other government programs is linked to welfare. While denial of public services to legal and undocumented immigrants is typically aimed at adults, children are usually the ones most affected. In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Halfon et al<sup>1</sup>offer fresh reflections about the relationship between health services access and Medicaid enrollment for Latino children in
Abstract 1037: Histone lysine methyltransferase EHMT2 is involved in proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA methylation of human neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Ziyan Lu, Helen R. Salwen, J Usha Raj, Qiwei Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Neuroblastoma (NB), a childhood neoplasm arising from neural crest cells, is characterized by a diversity of clinical behaviors ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid tumor progression and death. In addition to genetic abnormalities, recent studies have indicated that epigenetic aberrations also contribute to NB pathogenesis. However, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NB are largely unknown. Methods: Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting and BrdU incorporation assay in a human NB cell line (LA1-55n). Expression of MYCN was measured by real-time PCR. Caspase 3/7 activity was measured by Caspase-Glo 3/7 assay kit. The level of global DNA methylation was measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Results: BIX-01294, a specific inhibitor of EHMT2 (a key enzyme for histone H3 dimethylation at lysine-9), decreased proliferation of NB LA1-55n cells and induced apoptosis via increasing caspase 3 activity. BIX-01294 at a concentration of 1µg/ml inhibited NB cell proliferation, decreased expression of the MYCN oncogene, and increased global DNA methylation levels. At a concentration of 5 µg/ml and 10 µg/ml, BIX-01294 significantly increased caspase 3/7 activity. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that histone lysine methylation is involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and global DNA methylation in human NB cells. Further understanding of this mechanism may provide insight into the pathogenesis of NB progression and lead to novel treatment strategies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1037. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1037
Post-discharge Heart Failure Monitorization Program in Turkey: Hit-PoinT
Authors: Yüksel Çavuşoğlu, Mehdi Zoghi, Mehmet Eren, Evin Bozcali, Güliz Kozdağ, Tuncay Şentürk, Güray Alicik, Korhan Soylu, İbrahim Sarı, Ahmet Temizhan, Oktay Ergene, Özlem Soran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Antigen recognition by human T cell receptor gamma-positive lymphocytes. Specific lysis of allogeneic cells after activation in mixed lymphocyte culture.
Authors: E Ciccone, O Viale, C Bottino, D Pende, N Migone, G Casorati, G Tambussi, A Moretta, L Moretta
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

These experiments were designed to define the ability of human TCR-gamma+ cells to recognize allogeneic cells. TCR-gamma+-enriched populations were obtained by treating peripheral blood E-rosetting cells with anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs. The resulting populations were CD2+4-8- expressed variable proportions of CD3+ cells (40-90%), and did not react with the WT31 mAb, which is specific for a framework determinant of the alpha/beta heterodimer that serves as receptor for antigen on most human T lymphocytes. After mixed lymphocyte culture with irradiated allogeneic cells for 7 d and 3 additional days in rIL-2 (100 U/ml), cells underwent proliferation in three of five individuals tested. In addition, MLC-derived cells lysed 51Cr-labeled PHA-induced blasts derived from the allogeneic cells used as stimulator, but not allogeneic unrelated or autologous blast cells. No cytotoxicity against autologous or allogeneic target cells could be induced by culturing CD3+4-8-WT31- lymphocytes in MLC with irradiated autologous cells. Surface iodination of allogeneic MLC-activated CD3+4-8-WT31- cells followed by lysis in 1% digitonin and immunoprecipitation with anti-CD3 mAb indicated that the CD3-associated molecules consisted of a major 45-kD band and a minor band of 43 kD. Northern blot analysis showed that mRNA for the gamma chain was expressed at high levels, whereas mRNAs for alpha and beta chains were missing. These data support the notion that TCR-gamma rather than TCR-alpha/beta is expressed in allospecific CD3-4-8-WT31- cell populations. Clones were further derived from MLC-stimulated CD3+4-8-WT31- populations. All the seven clones studied in detail maintained the surface phenotype as well as the cytolytic pattern of the original MLC populations, thus only specific allogeneic PHA-induced blasts were lysed. NK-sensitive as well as NK-resistant tumor targets were variably susceptible to lysis; therefore, specific cytolytic activity against allogeneic cells was not necessarily linked to the expression of MHC-nonrestricted cytotoxicity against tumor cells.
Estimation of Prostate Cancer Risk on the Basis of Total and Free Prostate-Specific Antigen, Prostate Volume and Digital Rectal Examination
Authors: Patrik Finne, Anssi Auvinen, Jussi Aro, Harri Juusela, Liisa Määttänen, Sakari Rannikko, Matti Hakama, Teuvo L.J. Tammela, Ulf-Håkan Stenman
Journal: European Urology (2002)
Spontaneous Eventration through the Umbilicus
Authors: John D. Hardinger, Eugene A. Noskin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

SPONTANEOUS eventration through the umbilicus is apparently a rare complication of hernias. Helmig,‡ reporting in a review of the literature, summarizes 46 cases and adds 1, and states that 21 of these followed development of hernias after surgical procedures, with rupture through the scar. These will not be part of the present report. Helmig states, however, that 16 cases of eventration followed umbilical hernias in which no surgery had previously been reported. His findings show that this complication is encountered in the middle-aged and elderly and usually occurs in large hernias. An additional — and unusual — case is presented . . .
IMPROVEMENT OF REGIONAL MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION AND WALL THICKNESS BY INTRAMYOCARDIAL HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR GENE TRANSFER ADJUNCT TO CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING: PHASE I CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Jun Sung Kim, Ho Young Hwang, Kwang Ree Cho, Eun-Ah Park, Whal Lee, Jin Chul Paeng, Dong Soo Lee, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Dae-Won Sohn, Ki-Bong Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
TCT-638 Late Catch-up Restenosis of Drug Eluting Stents: Evidence from Comparison with Bare Metal Stents in Japanese CAD Patients
Authors: Yuki Horita, Masatoshi Ikeda, Isao Inoki, Masanobu Namura, Kenji Sakata, Hedenobu Terai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Infectious origin of the antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Shoenfeld Y, Blank M, Cervera R, Font J, Raschi E, Meroni Pl
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<h3>Summary</h3> <h3>Background and objectives</h3> Observational studies suggest that calciferol supplementation may improve laboratory and patient-level outcomes of hemodialysis patients with reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. This randomized controlled trial examined effects of cholecalciferol supplementation in patients on hemodialysis. <h3>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements</h3> Sixty patients with 25(OH)D levels ≤24 ng/ml (≤60 nmol/L) were randomized to receive 50,000 IU oral cholecalciferol or placebo, once weekly for 8 weeks and then monthly for 4 months. At baseline (autumn 2011) and 6 months, testing evaluated muscle strength, functional capacity, laboratory parameters, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 survey. <h3>Results</h3> Patients were well matched by treatment allocation. Median age was 62 years (range, 20–86), 52% were women, 55% had a history of diabetes, and mean serum 25(OH)D was 17±5 ng/ml (43±13 nmol/L). Patients were assessed over 6 months by repeated-measures ANOVA. Patients allocated to cholecalciferol had significantly higher values of 25(OH)D (<i>P</i>&lt;0.001), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (<i>P</i>=0.04), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b) (<i>P</i>=0.04) and a greater reduction in phosphorus values (<i>P</i>=0.03) than placebo-treated patients Values of serum calcium, intact parathyroid hormone, and episodes of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia did not differ significantly between the groups. No significant differences were detected in muscle strength, functional capacity, PWV, or HRQOL. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this randomized controlled trial, patients supplemented with cholecalciferol had higher 25(OH)D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b levels, without increased calcium or phosphorus values. However, no effects were detected in muscle strength, functional capacity, PWV, or HRQOL.
Roentgenologic Aspects of Intrauterine Transfusion
Authors: Ernest J. Ferris
Journal: JAMA (1966)

It is the purpose of this communication to consider the method of intrauterine infusion of red blood cells (RBCs) into the fetus with erythroblastosis fetalis. The roentgenologic aspects and inherent dangers encountered will be stressed. The indications for intrauterine infusion of RBCs into the fetus of a mother who is sensitized to the Rh antigen have been previously reported by Little,<sup>1</sup>and are similar to those reported by Liley,<sup>2</sup>McCrostie,<sup>3</sup>and Bowman.<sup>4</sup>It is not the purpose of this paper to review the indications for the procedure. Careful spectrophotometric amniotic-fluid values have been established and observed at our clinic at the Boston City Hospital.<sup>1</sup>The time of transfusion differs in our series of mothers, beginning in some cases as early as 24 weeks' gestation. The number of transfusions varies from one to three per patient in our group of mothers. <h3>Roentgenologic Aspects</h3> The technique has
Letter by Delewi et al Regarding Article, “Adult Bone Marrow Cell Therapy Improves Survival and Induces Long-Term Improvement in Cardiac Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”
Authors: Ronak Delewi, Jan J. Piek, Alexander Hirsch
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Jeevanantham et al 1 present an interesting and comprehensive meta-analysis on adult bone marrow cell (BMC) therapy in patients with ischemic heart disease.A total of 50 studies (enrolling 2625 patients with acute myocardial infarction or chronic ischemic heart disease) identified by database searches through January 2012 were included.We have read the article with great interest and appreciate its contribution to our current understanding of BMC therapy in patients with coronary artery disease.However, we feel that some aspects of the study merit further discussion.As stated by the authors in the Method section, they included (1) randomized, controlled trials or cohort studies with a control group; (2) studies conducted in patients with acute myocardial infarction or chronic ischemic heart disease; (3) studies conducted in patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention or thrombolysis or coronary artery bypass surgery; and (4) studies in which patients in the intervention arm received BMC therapy either via intracoronary injection or intramyocardial injection.3][4] These trials included, respectively 200, 200, and 101 patients.In the present meta-analysis, there are only a few randomized, controlled trials with comparable sample size, and including these studies would have increased the sample size by ≈20%.None of these 3 trials showed a benefit of cell therapy with regard to left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes.Potentially, including these trials would change the overall results of the meta-analysis.In addition, 1 study seems to be included twice (Janssens et al and Herbots et al).It appears that MRI and echo data from the same study population of 67 patients is reported in 2 separate papers. 5lso, the authors conducted several subgroup analyses, including the number and type of injected BMCs, attempting to identify the potential factors that may influence the observed benefits.We agree with the authors that these are important questions.However, the processes that occur in the myocardium early after myocardial injury differ substantially from the chronic situation.The supposed mechanisms of cell therapy (ie, enhanced angiogenesis, reduction in apoptosis, activation of cardiac stem cells) may differ in patients with an acute myocardial infarction as compared with patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.Separate subgroup analyses for these distinct entities could provide a clearer picture of the potential benefit of BMC therapy and increase the impact of the presented data even more.
NHS deficit doubles to £512m, but true figure may be higher
Authors: Adrian O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The overall deficit for the NHS in England more than doubled to £512m (€750m; $945m) for 2005-6 from the previous year, show figures released last week.

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However, the government has stressed that the problems lie with a minority of trusts around the country and said that the deficit was stabilising and had fallen by £110m in the past six months.

The Department of Health, publishing its annual NHS report, said that despite the unaudited deficits the report told a “good news story,” in that waiting times for operations …

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