tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Petit Mal with Ethosuximide: Follow-up Report
Authors: K. W. G. Heathfield, E. C. O. Jewesbury
Journal: BMJ (1964)

5, September 194MdclMemoranda MEDIC~OURALoccasion there was a rapid response to a similar course of treatment.When a further relapse occurred about a month after stopping treat- ment it was decided to carry on with prolonged therapy.As before, there was rapid improvement after two to three days on Tanderil 200 mg.t.d.s., and the dose was reduced to 100 mg.t.d.s.The dose was further reduced, at intervals of one month, until she was taking 100 mg.daily.At the time of writing she had been taking 100 mg.Tanderil daily for six months.On two occasions there had been slight localized swelling and tenderness in the subcutaneous tissue of the thigh.This had quickly disappeared on increasing the dose of Tanderil up to 300 mg.daily for three to four days.A marked feature of all the attacks, apart from the rapid regression of the nodules, was the marked subjective improvement within two to three days.Routine urine analysis and blood counts during treatment have shown no abnormality.
Successful Medical Adrenalectomy With Amino-glutethimide
Authors: Richard J. Santen, Allan Lipton, John Kendall
Journal: JAMA (1974)

We used amino-glutethimide and dexamethasone in patients with carcinoma of the breast to abolish adrenal steroidogenesis. Initial studies with this approach, however, did not result in complete adrenal suppression and suggested the possibility of accelerated dexamethasone metabolism. The observation of a twofold reduction in H dexamethasone half-life during amino-glutethimide therapy confirmed this hypothesis. Larger doses of dexamethasone (1.5 to 3.0 mg/day) were administered to 22 patients receiving 1 to 2 gm of amino-glutethimide daily to compensate for rapid dexamethasone metabolism. Complete adrenal suppression for as long as 19 months was then observed, with objective tumor regression in eight subjects and relief of bone pain in three others without producing cushingoid side effects. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1661-1665, 1974)
Lentiviral-mediated Expression of Polysialic Acid in Spinal Cord and Conditioning Lesion Promote Regeneration of Sensory Axons Into Spinal Cord
Authors: Yi Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Dongsheng Wu, Joost Verhaagen, Peter M Richardson, John Yeh, Xuenong Bo
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

In adult mammals, sensory axons that regenerate in the dorsal root are unable to grow across the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) into the spinal cord. In this study we examined whether, by inducing expression of polysialic acid (PSA) (a large carbohydrate attached to molecules on the cell surface), in the spinal cord by lentiviral vector (LV) delivery of polysialyltransferase (PST), DREZ could be rendered permeable to regenerating sensory axons. High-level PSA expression was observed in astrocytes and many other cell types after LV/PST injection into the spinal cord. In animals receiving LV/PST injection in combination with a conditioning lesion, many axons penetrated the DREZ following L4-5 dorsal rhizotomy. Some axons reached lamina IV-V and extended rostrally and caudally in the degenerating dorsal column. In LV/green fluorescent protein (GFP)-injected animals, most of the regenerating axons were halted before DREZ, even with a conditioning lesion. More Schwann cells migrated into the LV/PST-transduced spinal cord, many of them accompanying the regenerating axons. A Schwann cell-astrocyte-dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron co-culture experiment confirmed that induced PSA expression on astrocytes facilitates the crossing of DRG axons from Schwann cells to astrocytes. These data suggest that over-expression of PSA can create a favorable condition for regenerating axons, and that this approach could form part of a combinational therapeutic strategy for promoting the repair of central nervous system (CNS) injuries.
Setting Health Care Priorities in Oregon
Authors: Robert D. Gillette
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> — The recent contribution of Dr Hadorn<sup>1</sup>to the debate on health care financing, insightful as it is in many respects, appears to have two significant weaknesses. First, the author decides to exclude costs as a factor to be considered in setting priorities. This has the advantage of eliminating a slippery, emotion-laden variable from the equation, but, as Dr Eddy<sup>2</sup>has observed, "To remove costs from the definition of essential care... would separate the concept of essential care from the problem it is designed to solve." This is underscored by the recent release of data indicating that outlays for health care in the United States increased from 11.6% of the gross national product in 1989 to 12.2% in 1990 (<i>Am Med News</i>. May 6, 1991:2). Such increases could have disastrous economic and political consequences. Hadorn's article also seems problematic in its acceptance of Jonsen's<sup>3</sup>
CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase-controlled phosphoinositide availability limits VEGFA signaling and vascular morphogenesis
Authors: Weijun Pan, Van N. Pham, Amber N. Stratman, Daniel Castranova, Makoto Kamei, Kameha R. Kidd, Brigid D. Lo, Kenna M. Shaw, Jesus Torres-Vazquez, Constantinos M. Mikelis, J. Silvio Gutkind, George E. Davis, Brant M. Weinstein
Journal: Blood (2012)
Imperfect Sterilization of Dressings as a Probable Cause of Post-operative Tetanus
Authors: S. N. Hayes
Journal: BMJ (1940)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Splicing is a highly regulated process that depends on numerous factors. It is particularly challenging to quantitatively predict how a mutation will affect precursor messenger RNA (mRNA) structure and the subsequent functional consequences. Here we use a novel Mutational Profiling (-MaP) methodology to obtain highly reproducible endogenous precursor and mature mRNA structural probing data in vivo. We use these data to estimate Boltzmann suboptimal ensembles, and predict the structural consequences of mutations on precursor mRNA structure. Together with a structural analysis of recent cryo-EM spliceosome structures at different stages of the splicing cycle, we determined that the footprint of the B<sup>act</sup> complex on precursor mRNA is best able to predict splicing outcomes for exon 10 inclusion of the alternatively spliced <i>MAPT</i> gene. However, structure alone only achieves 74% accuracy. We therefore developed a β-regression weighting framework that incorporates splice site strength, structure and exonic/intronic splicing regulatory elements which together achieves 90% accuracy for 47 known and six newly discovered splice-altering variants. This combined experimental/computational framework represents a path forward for accurate prediction of splicing related disease-causing variants.
Please don't touch me there: the ethics of intimate examinations: Consent is crucial--but don't go too far, for students' and patients' sakes
Authors: A. A Bhangu
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—I agree that patients' consent to procedures is crucial and should be achieved whenever possible and fully, or practice becomes poor and the doors are opened for harm to be done.1

However, students must be educated, and with more and more students consent is becoming an increasingly serious issue. We had to catheterise a …
Aspirin Sensitivity: Other Drugs
Authors: RYSZARD J. GRYGLEWSKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 February 1975Aspirin Sensitivity: Other DrugsRYSZARD J. GRYGLEWSKI, M.D., A. SZCZEKLIK, M.D., G. CZERNIAWSKA-MYSIK, M.D.RYSZARD J. GRYGLEWSKI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, A. SZCZEKLIK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, G. CZERNIAWSKA-MYSIK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-2-286 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: It has been recently noted that urticaria may develop after administration of indomethacin (1, 2) to aspirin-sensitive patients. We have evaluated the effect of several nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in two patients who responded with urticaria to aspirin ingestion.One of our patients was a 39-year-old woman who over the past 15 years suffered several attacks of urticaria and angioedema after taking analgesics. She had no family history of allergy, and her physical examination was unremarkable, except for chronic fibrositis. Skin test responses were histamine (2+), common inhalant allergens (-). The other patient, a 28-year-old man, gave a...References1. MATTHEWSSTAGE JD: lndomethacin, aspirin, and urticaria (letter). Ann Intern Med 80:771, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar2. DOEGLAS H: Aspirin hypersensitivity in chronic urticaria including physical urticarias. Abstract No. 32. Ninth European Congress of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. London, 1974 Google Scholar3. JUHLINMICHAËLSSONZETTERSTRÖM LGO: Urticaria and asthma induced by food-and-drug additives in patients with aspirin hypersensitivity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 50:92-98, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SZCZEKLIKGRYGLEWSKICZERNIAWSKA-MYSIK ARG: Relationship of inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis by analgesics to asthma attacks in aspirin-sensitive patients. Br Med J. In press Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Pharmacology and Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology School of Medicine Copernicus Medical Academy Cracow Poland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByNSAIDs in Dermatologic Therapy: Review and PreviewNon-steroidal and Analgesic Therapy in the ElderlyAnalgesics and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory DrugsMécanisme des réactions d'intolérance a la glafénineAspirin and the SalicylatesAspirin Intolerance SyndromeProstaglandines et aspirineThe mode of action of aspirin and similar compoundsAspirin-induced asthma 1 February 1975Volume 82, Issue 2Page: 286-287KeywordsAllergy and immunologyAnalgesicsAspirinDrug administrationDrugsFibromyalgiaHistamineIngestionSkin testsUrticaria Issue Published: 1 February 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Induction of IgE antibodies with predefined specificity in rhesus monkeys with recombinant birch pollen allergens, Bet v 1 and Bet v 2
Authors: Fatima D. Ferreira, Peter Mayer, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Peter Valent, Susanne Seiberler, Christof Ebner, Ekke Liehl, Otto Scheiner, Dietrich Kraft, Rudolf Valenta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
Heart attack patients do better in America's "best" hospitals
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Elderly patients who have a myocardial infarction in the United States are more likely to survive if they are admitted to a hospital identified by a popular American magazine as “one of America's best hospitals,” according to a study assessing the veracity of the annual ranking (New England Journal of Medicine 1999;340:286-99, 309-10).

The study looked at 60 US hospitals that had each been identified at least once in the past …
Treatment of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia with 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine
Authors: Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: To evaluate the activity of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2CdA) in the treatment of patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Design: Uncontrolled phase II trial. Setting: Tertiary, referral cancer center. Patients: Twenty-nine consecutive, symptomatic patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, of whom 9 were previously untreated. Intervention: 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine was administered as a continuous intravenous infusion at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days. Only two courses of 2CdA were given and responding patients were then followed without further treatment. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 17 (59%) patients responded, including all of those who were newly diagnosed and 40% of those who had failed previous therapies. Treatment was well tolerated except for one death in a patient who had presented with severe pancytopenia. With a median follow-up of 7 months, only one responding patient has relapsed. Conclusion: 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine is a nucleoside analog that was effective in most patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia and was associated with little toxicity.
Imported measles and rubella pose threat to US elimination of the diseases, says CDC report
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The United States has sustained its elimination of endemic measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome, but infections acquired abroad still pose a threat to public health, an expert panel convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported.1

Until 1963 nearly every child in the US contracted measles. About 450 to 500 people died each year from the infection, about 48 000 needed to be admitted to hospital, and about 1000 were left with permanent brain damage or deafness. 

The incidence of measles and rubella fell rapidly in the US after the introduction of the measles vaccine in 1963 and the rubella vaccine in 1969. The US confirmed elimination of measles in 2001 and of rubella in 2004.

Elimination is defined as the absence of endemic disease transmission—that is, a chain of transmission that is continuous for at least 12 months in a defined geographical area. It does not mean that no cases occur, because of imported infections and …
Dipyridamole enhances ischaemia-induced arteriogenesis through an endocrine nitrite/nitric oxide-dependent pathway
Authors: Prasanna K. Venkatesh, Christopher B. Pattillo, Billy Branch, Jay Hood, Steven Thoma, Sandra Illum, Sibile Pardue, Xinjun Teng, Rakesh P. Patel, Christopher G. Kevil
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

Anti-platelet agents, such as dipyridamole, have several clinical benefits for peripheral artery disease with the speculation of angiogenic potential that could preserve ischaemic tissue viability, yet the effect of dipyridamole on ischaemic arteriogenesis or angiogenesis is unknown. Here we test the hypothesis that dipyridamole therapy augments arteriolar vessel development and function during chronic ischaemia. Mice were treated with 200 mg/kg dipyridamole twice daily to achieve therapeutic plasma levels (0.8–1.2 µg/mL). Chronic hindlimb ischaemia was induced by permanent femoral artery ligation followed by measurement of tissue perfusion using laser Doppler blood flow along with quantification of vascular density, cell proliferation, and activation of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. Dipyridamole treatment quickly restored ischaemic hindlimb blood flow, increased vascular density and cell proliferation, and enhanced collateral artery perfusion compared with control treatments. The beneficial effects of dipyridamole on blood flow and vascular density were dependent on NO production as dipyridamole did not augment ischaemic tissue reperfusion, vascular density, or endothelial cell proliferation in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)-deficient mice. Blood and tissue nitrite levels were significantly higher in dipyridamole-treated mice compared with controls and eNOS−/− mice, verifying increased NO production that was regulated in a PKA-dependent manner. Dipyridamole augments nitrite/NO production, leading to enhanced arteriogenesis activity and blood perfusion in ischaemic limbs. Together, these data suggest that dipyridamole can augment ischaemic vessel function and restore blood flow, which may be beneficial in peripheral artery disease.
Cost-effectiveness of sirolimus drug-eluting stents for the treatment of complex coronary stenoses: Results from the randomized SIRIUS trial
Authors: David J. Cohen, Ameet Bakhai, Chunxue Shi, Louise Githiora, Ronna H. Berezin, Ronald P. Caputo, Charles O'Shaugnessy, Martin B. Leon, Jeff Moses, Richard E. Kuntz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
CELL MINERALS IN AMAUROTIC IDIOCY, TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS AND RELATED CONDITIONS, STUDIED BY MICROINCINERATION AND SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: LEO ALEXANDER, ABRAHAM MYERSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1939)

(1) The ganglion cell disease of amaurotic idiocy is characterized by demineralization, that of tuberous sclerosis by hypermineralization of the cytoplasm. In this respect the ganglion cell disease of amaurotic idiocy aligns itself with other degenerative conditions; that of tuberous sclerosis with other conditions of a blastomatous or neoplastic nature. The actively proliferating reactive glia cells in amaurotic idiocy are hypermineralized, like all actively growing tissues. (2) The demineralization of the diseased ganglion cells in amaurotic idiocy is of especial interest in view of the associated increase in lipoid material. In our studies thus far, it appears that wherever lipoid is accumulated, normally or pathologically, heat resistant mineral ashes are absent. This is well exemplified by the lipoid body of the normal myelin sheath, which is completely lacking in heat resistant mineral ash.4 (3) The "periventricular spongioblastomatous hamartoma," presumably an attenuated form of tuberous sclerosis, which had been described by one of us 10 and three new cases of which are reported here, shows gross hypermineralization which corresponds to that generally found in tumors and other actively growing tissues. (4) The mineral ash picture of the brain in "Mongolian idiocy" (Langdon-Down's disease) does not show significant alterations from the normal.
Nervous Complications of Measles
Authors: A. C. E. Cole
Journal: BMJ (1938)

during labour but also during the latter part of pregnancy.Any abnormal symptom, particularly that of lower abdominal pain, must be regarded with suspicion. SummaryRupture of the uterus during a subsequent pregnancy or labour is not uncommon in those who have undergone Caesarean section.This type of rupture has been divided into five groups and the characteristics of each group briefly indicated.My thanks are due to Dr. F. Lacey for permission to quote the case of Mrs. X.
Further Researches on the Treatment of Tinea Tonsurans, Illustrated by Micro-Photographs
Authors: A. J. Harrison
Journal: BMJ (1889)

through the mouth and is so warmed, there is less risk of pneu- monia or bronchitis.(3) No after-treatment is required when the tube is removed.(4) Consent of friends is more readily obtained than in case of tracheotomy.(5) Tracheotomy can at any time be performed if intubation fails.(6) In many cases the tube can be removed early-third, fourth, or fifth day.DISADVANTAGES.
Bone micro-fragility caused by the mimetic aging processes in α-klotho deficient mice: In situ nanoindentation assessment of dilatational bands
Authors: Noriko Maruyama, Yo Shibata, Ayako Mochizuki, Atsushi Yamada, Koutaro Maki, Tomio Inoue, Ryutaro Kamijo, Takashi Miyazaki
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Telephone reminders to reduce non-attendance rate for endoscopy
Authors: C S Lee, P A McCormick
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

Non-attendance at clinics and endoscopy units wastes resources and lengthens waiting lists. In a previous study elsewhere, a substantial proportion of patients claimed to have forgotten their appointment. We therefore assessed the value of telephoning patients a week before their booked day-case endoscopy. An observation period of two months was followed by an intervention period of two months in which patients were contacted by phone and asked if they wished to come for their investigation. A maximum of three separate attempts were made to contact each patient. Patients cancelling the appointment were replaced by others on the reserve list. The non-attendance rate was expressed as the percentage of unused beds. During the observation period 56 patients were admitted and 18 beds were unused. During the intervention period it was possible to contact 73 of 88 patients and 8 of these cancelled. 87 beds were available and 83 patients were admitted. When clerical error, overbooking and failure to replace patients were taken into account, the non-attendance rate declined from 23.3% during the observation period to 5.7% during the intervention period (P≤0.05). The intervention seemed more effective in reducing non-attendance in outpatients referrals (0/48) than in general practitioner referrals (5/40).
Gut and Adipocyte Peptides
Authors: Zachary T. Bloomgarden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

This is the third in a series of articles on presentations at the American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, 10–14 June 2005.

Daniel Drucker (Toronto, Canada) reviewed evidence that the incretin effect, the phenomenon of enteral glucose loading increasing the insulin secretory response to an increase in blood glucose, is reduced in type 2 diabetes, and that the incretin glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 may ameliorate this defect. The major limitation to use of GLP-1 in clinical treatment is its rapid clearance by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-IV. GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon secretion, and delays gastric emptying. Loss-of-function studies with a mouse model not expressing the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R−/−), and with the GLP-1R antagonist exendin-(9-39), show effects of GLP-1 on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the reproductive system, the portal glucose receptor, gastric motility, and a number of other potential targets. GLP-1R−/− mice have normal insulin sensitivity, arguing against an effect of the system on insulin action, but have glucose intolerance, and administration of exendin-(9-39) similarly is associated with glucose intolerance in mice, in primates, and in humans. Drucker noted that there is controversy as to whether the product of DPP-IV degradation may act at a second GLP-1R, perhaps having additional effects on metabolism, but that GLP-1 does not lower glucose levels in GLP-1R−/− mice, arguing against such a receptor. In the model, pancreatic insulin mRNA levels are reduced and somatostatin mRNA levels are increased. The perfused pancreas isolated from GLP-1R−/− animals shows normal insulin response to glucose, although without response to GLP-1. GLP-1R−/− β-cells appear to have increased sensitivity to the incretin glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), perhaps representing an adaptive upregulation of GIP and/or of GIP response, and mice neither expressing the GLP-1 nor the GIP receptor show glucose intolerance with decreased insulin …
Prognostic Value of a Comprehensive Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Assessment Soon After a First ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Vicente Bodi, Juan Sanchis, Julio Nunez, Luis Mainar, Maria P. Lopez-Lereu, Jose V. Monmeneu, Eva Rumiz, Fabian Chaustre, Isabel Trapero, Oliver Husser, Maria J. Forteza, Francisco J. Chorro, Angel Llacer
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)