tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of Obese Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Comparison of Advice Education With Group Management
Authors: N White, J Carnahan, C A Nugent, T Iwaoka, M A Dodson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

The purpose of our study was to compare the effect on diabetes control of group management with the advice-educational technique traditionally used in managing obese outpatients with poorly controlled non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Forty-one patients were randomly assigned to these two treatment programs, and 32 patients completed the 6-mo study. Initially, patients were seen for 1-h sessions at 1- and 2-wk intervals and later at 1-mo intervals. Patients were asked to do home blood glucose monitoring, decrease caloric intake, increase exercise, and if they were taking insulin, to adjust the dose to attain approximate euglycemia and to stabilize food and exercise patterns. The combined groups reduced mean ± SD glycohemoglobin from 10.9 ± 3.1 to 9.4 ± 2.4% (P &amp;lt; .05). Internal Health Locus of Control Scale was negatively and significantly correlated with initial and subsequent glycohemoglobin values (the more internal, the lower the glycohemoglobin). At the end of the study the patients in the group management program had significantly lower blood glucose levels than those given advice and education, but no significant differences in glycohemoglobin values or percentage overweight were observed. One patient had a normal initial glycohemoglobin, and only 4 patients had values in the normal range of 4–6.8% at the end of the study. Better management programs need to be developed for treating obese outpatients with NIDDM.
An Anaphylactic-Type Reaction Attributed to Penicillinase
Authors: Saverio Caputi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN the case reported below, an anaphylactic reaction was attributed to penicillinase therapy.† This drug has previously been reported to be nontoxic and safe for use in some 25,000 to 50,000 inoculations1 and undoubtedly forms an invaluable aid in the treatment of allergic reactions due to penicillin.However, penicillinase is a protein enzyme obtained from Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and numerous strains of staphylococci, and the distinct possibility that allergic manifestations arise from the use of this drug must now be considered. This article is an attempt to elucidate the potential mechanism of allergy when no supposedly previous exposure to . . .
Blood-Products Transfusion and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: TIBOR J. GREENWALT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1984Blood-Products Transfusion and the Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeTIBOR J. GREENWALT, M.D.TIBOR J. GREENWALT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-155_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I am writing to question the propriety of publishing articles such as that by Jett and associates (1) which appeared in the November issue. Its title implies that the authors have established a relation betweenPneumocystis cariniipneumonia in a patient and the blood products administered. Certainly the patient received blood transfusions and later had an inverted helper: suppressor T-cell ratio, but the authors have not shown that any of the donors belonged to a high-risk group. The authors have not even traced the donors that were involved. If they had done this and had shown that...Reference1. JETT J, KURITSKY J, KATZMANN J, and HOMBURGER H. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with blood-product transfusions. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:621-4. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: TIBOR J. GREENWALT, M.D.Affiliations: Hoxworth Blood Center University of Cincinnati Medical Center Cincinnati, OH 45267*GRUBER HE. The origin of the origin of species. Review of Darwin and the Mysterious Mr. X: New Light on the Evolutionists. By EISELEY L. The New York Times Book Review, 1979 July 22:16. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBlood as a Vehicle for the Spread of AIDSThe Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Associated with Transfusions: The Evolving PerspectiveJAMES W. CURRAN, M.D., LEWELLYS F. BARKER, M.D. 1 January 1984Volume 100, Issue 1Page: 155-155KeywordsAIDSBloodBlood transfusionPneumocystis carinii pneumonia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
Spinal Stenosis Caused by Epidural Lipomatosis in Cushing's Syndrome
Authors: Stephen J. Lipson, Mohammad H. Naheedy, Michael M. Kaplan, Don C. Bienfang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

CENTRIPETAL fat deposition is a well known clinical feature of excessive endogenous or exogenous adrenal glucocorticoids. We describe an unusual case of central spinal stenosis caused by excessive epidural fat in a patient with Cushing's syndrome secondary to prolonged therapy with high doses of glucocorticoids. Only one other case report of this phenomenon could be located in the medical literature.1 Case ReportA 53-year-old woman with Graves' disease, euthyroid after radioiodine therapy, had infiltrative ophthalmopathy with optic-nerve involvement. When she was treated with prednisone, 150 mg per day, cushingoid features developed rapidly. Two months after the initiation of therapy, with . . .
46 ABLATION OF C-FLIP AUGMENTS CD95- AND GALACTOSAMINE/LPS-INDUCED LIVER INJURY THROUGH ACTIVATION OF C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE (JNK)
Authors: J.M. Schattenberg, D. Sammet, V. Lowin, J. Siebler, A. Kreft, Y. He, P.R. Galle, M. Schuchmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Diagnosis and pharmacotherapy of severe acute respiratory syndrome: what have we learnt?
Authors: K.W. Tsang, G.C. Ooi, P.L. Ho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

In 2003, the onset of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused worldwide chaos. Although SARS was eradicated by isolation towards the end of 2003, sporadic cases have been reported in Singapore, Taiwan and mainland China. In this review, SARS is discussed as a disease, as well as its diagnosis, management and pharmacotherapy. Respiratory physicians and healthcare professionals have to be aware of advances in the understanding of the diagnosis and management of severe acute respiratory syndrome. More research is required in order to prepare for if this respiratory infection recurs, but there are concerns that adequate pharmaceutical support may be lacking for the development of a vaccine.
A 26-week, Open-label Extension Study Evaluating The Long-term Safety And Tolerability Of Ciclesonide Hydrofluoroalkane Nasal Aerosol In Patients With Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: W. Storms, G. Gross, S. Spector, H. Huang, S.Y. Desai
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Validation of the Better Care® system to detect ineffective efforts during expiration in mechanically ventilated patients: a pilot study
Authors: Lluis Blanch, Bernat Sales, Jaume Montanya, Umberto Lucangelo, Oscar Garcia-Esquirol, Ana Villagra, Encarna Chacon, Anna Estruga, Massimo Borelli, Ma Jose Burgueño, Joan C. Oliva, Rafael Fernandez, Jesus Villar, Robert Kacmarek, Gastón Murias
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)
Plasma insulin, growth hormone, cortisol, and central obesity among young Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.
Authors: Z S Lee, J C Chan, V T Yeung, C C Chow, M S Lau, G T Ko, J K Li, C S Cockram, J A Critchley
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships between central obesity, insulin resistance index, plasma insulin, growth hormone (GH), and cortisol concentrations in 90 young Chinese type 2 diabetic patients (aged 33+/-5 years) and 104 age- and sex-matched control subjects (aged 32+/-9 years). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Young Chinese diabetic patients (aged &amp;lt;40 years) were recruited from the Prince of Wales Hospital. Blood pressure, height, weight, and waist and hip circumferences were determined. Venous blood was sampled for measurements of fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, lipids, creatinine, insulin, GH, and cortisol. A 24-h urine was assayed for urinary albumin excretion (UAE). General and central obesity was represented by BMI and waist circumference, respectively. Insulin resistance index was estimated as a product of fasting plasma insulin and glucose concentrations. RESULTS: Compared with control subjects, diabetic patients were more obese, hyperglycemic, and had worse lipid profile, higher blood pressures, UAE, insulin resistance index, plasma insulin, and cortisol concentrations (all P &amp;lt; 0.001) but lower GH concentrations (P &amp;lt; 0.05). When analyzed as a whole group (n = 194), increasing quartiles of waist circumference were associated with increasing trends of insulin resistance index, plasma insulin, and cortisol concentrations (all P &amp;lt; 0.01) but a decreasing trend of plasma GH concentration (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Using stepwise multiple regression analysis, waist circumference was only associated with sex variable (being higher in men) in the control subjects. In the diabetic group, 51% of waist circumference was independently related to male sex and increased plasma insulin and cortisol concentrations as well as reduced plasma GH levels. CONCLUSIONS: In young Chinese type 2 diabetic patients, hyperinsulinemia, hypercortisolemia, and reduced plasma GH levels were closely associated with central obesity. Based on these findings, we postulate that maladaptive hormonal responses to rapid changes in lifestyle may have led to obesity and type 2 diabetes in these young patients. Alternatively, lifestyle-related obesity may have given rise to these hormonal changes. More studies are required to delineate the nature of these relationships.
Autism, Trauma Care Bills Passed
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MYELOPEROXIDASE HAS NO ROLE IN DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES IN SUBJECTS WITH CHEST PAIN IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Luigi M. Biasucci, Massimo Gustapane, Roberta Della Bona, Gina Biasillo, Milena Leo, Ilaria Dato, Niccolò Gentiloni Silveri, Martina Zaninotto, Mario Plebani, Filippo Crea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
IDIOPATHIC HYPERCALCEMIA OF INFANCY
Authors: Donough O'Brien
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Three girls and one boy, their ages ranging from 10 1/2 to 18 months, were brought to the physician because of retarded mental (two cases) and physical (all cases) growth. They all had in some degree the facies, here described, typical of idiopathic hypercalcemia of infancy, and determinations of the plasma calcium contents gave values ranging from 12 to 15 mg. per 100 ml. The use of a low-calcium diet, restriction of the vitamin D intake, and administration of prednisone or cortisone for three or four months reduced the plasma calcium to normal values, but only in one case was the response of the patient considered adequate as regarded physical and mental growth.
Solitary Choroidal Metastasis From Atypical Carcinoid of the Lung Detected by 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Cristian Rapicetta, Francesco Falco, Massimo Roncali, Giorgio Treglia, Cristiano Carbonelli, Massimiliano Paci, Silvia Marchi, Filippo Lococo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 71-year-old woman with a history of surgically treated bronchial atypical carcinoid underwent Ga DOTATATE PET/CT for restaging. Somatostatin receptor PET/CT revealed a focal area of mild radiopharmaceutical uptake corresponding to a thickening of the right choroid. No other areas of abnormal tracer uptake were detected in the rest of the body. Based on these PET/CT findings, the patient underwent examination of fundus oculi, MRI, and fluoroangiography, which confirmed the presence of a choroidal lesion interpreted as solitary choroidal metastasis of neuroendocrine tumor. Subsequently, the patient was referred for brachytherapy with radical intent.
A NEW KIDNEY PEDICLE CLAMP
Authors: Nelse F. Ockerblad
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Without entering into a discussion of the technic of nephrectomy, I may point out that the securing and proper ligation of the pedicle is the most important single step in the operation. The value of the three-clamp technic has been adequately demonstrated and is made a part of the operative procedure by most kidney surgeons today. When the kidney pedicle is mobile and elastic, and the kidney can be delivered up out of the wound, any of the forceps commonly in use will do. However, in the cases in which nephrectomy is indicated, great difficulty is often had with the pedicle. The accompanying illustration shows the three clamps of a new type in place on a kidney pedicle. The angle of the forceps is such that its handle is out of the way when the blade is clamped on the kidney pedicle. The jaws are light enough not to take
Can automated dermoscopy image analysis instruments provide added benefit for the dermatologist? A study comparing the results of three systems
Authors: A. Perrinaud, O. Gaide, L.E. French, J.-H. Saurat, A.A. Marghoob, R.P. Braun
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Background Instruments designed to provide computer program-driven diagnosis of dermoscopic images of lesions are now commercially available. Multiple publications tout the improved diagnostic accuracy of these instruments compared with that of clinicians. Objectives Our aim was to evaluate the actual usefulness of these instruments for dermatologists practising in a pigmented lesion clinic. Methods Over a 4-month period we subjected lesions, which were being evaluated in one of our clinics, to automated computer diagnosis performed by three commercially available instruments. We intentionally included three groups of lesions: group 1 lesions were suspicious melanocytic lesions that were scheduled to be excised; group 2 lesions were nonmelanocytic lesions; group 3 lesions were clinically obvious melanomas. The automated diagnoses provided by the instruments were compared with the dermoscopy diagnosis of experienced physicians and with histopathology. Results We included a total of 107 lesions. One imaging system's computer algorithm was unable to analyse one third of the lesions. All three instruments' computer algorithms were able to identify the clinically obvious melanomas (group 3) correctly. However, all three systems tended to overdiagnose by incorrectly classifying most seborrhoeic keratoses (group 2) as potential malignant lesions. Concerning the suspect melanocytic lesions (group 1), which are precisely the lesions for which a dermatologist would welcome a second opinion, we found significant variability in the diagnostic accuracy of the instruments tested. However, all three systems providing computer-assisted diagnosis had a tendency to overdiagnose benign melanocytic lesions as potential melanomas. Conclusions Although the image analysis systems tested by us correctly identified the clinically obvious melanomas, they were not able to discriminate between most dysplastic naevi and early malignant melanoma. Thus, for the moment these computer-assisted diagnostic imaging machines provide little to no added benefit for the experienced dermatologist/dermoscopist.
Airway Response to Sublingual Nitroglycerin in Acute Asthma
Authors: Thomas Kennedy, Warren R. Summer, Jimmie Sylvester, David Robertson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To test the efficacy of sublingual nitroglycerin as a bronchodilator, we studied ten patients with acute asthma. After a baseline spirogram, each patient was given 1.2 mg of sublingual nitroglycerin, and subsequent spirograms were obtained at five-minute intervals for 15 minutes. Each patient was then given three subsequent doses of epinephrine (0.5 mg) subcutaneously at 15-minute intervals. Spirograms were obtained 15 minutes after each epinephrine dose. Forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV<sub>1</sub>) and forced vital capacity (FVC) did not change significantly following sublingual nitroglycerin, but both FEV<sub>1</sub>and FVC improved significantly after epinephrine administration. Three patients experienced transient but severe hypotension after receiving sublingual nitroglycerin. The results suggest that sublingual nitroglycerin is not adequate initial therapy for asthmatic attacks and that the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin in acute asthma may be dangerous. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:145-147)
Scottish court gives right to die
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Doctors caring for a woman who has been in a persistent vegetative state for four years were given permission to withdraw artificial feeding last week, in Scotland's first right to die case. At the Court of Session in Edinburgh Lord Cameron of Lochbroom ruled that it was no longer in Janet Johnston's best interests to keep her alive.

Four neurologists have told the Law Hospital NHS Trust in Lanarkshire that Mrs Johnston, aged 53, is in a persistent vegetative state and …
Pure Anti-E Agglutinin in the Serum of an Rh-negative Woman
Authors: D. S. Dick
Journal: BMJ (1947)

diathermized.X-ray therapy was given after the operation and again in January, 1945.However, the patient's condition deteriorated, and a fistula between the bowel and the bladder formed before he died of exhaustion on Feb. 24, 1945.At necropsy the bladder was found to be full of the proliferating growth, which had completely invaded the vesical mucosa.A fistula had formed between the ileum, bladder, and suprapubic wound.The right kidney and ureter were normal, but the left ureter was much dilated and there was an early left hydronephrosis.No secondary growths were found.
Adrenergic Nervous System in Sodium Metabolism: Effects of Guanethidine and Sodium-retaining Steroids in Normal Man*
Authors: John R. Gill, Dean T. Mason, Frederic C. Bartter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) has been thought to be partly responsible for sodium retention in congestive heart failure, since sympatholytic drugs may increase the renal excretion of sodium in dogs (1) and patients (2) with congestive heart failure. Two other observations support the suggestion that changes in adrenergic activity may produce changes in renal function. Infusions of norepinephrine, the neurohumoral transmitter of the SNS, can decrease the excretion of sodium in normal subjects and in patients with Addison's disease (3). Patients with autonomic insufficiency excrete sodium at supranormal rates during infusions of normal saline (4). In the present investigation, sodium excretion during infusion of saline and during the administration of a sodium-retaining steroid has been studied before andi after sympathetic blockade by guanethidine. The results of these studies provide additional evidence for a role of the SNS in sodium metabolism.
Management of Hypertension after Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
Authors: Jennifer M. Grin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

To study the test-ordering behavior of practicing physicians regarding ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure and to assess changes in patient management after this study.Cross-sectional assessment of physicians' practice habits regarding the ordering of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and a longitudinal study of patient management after monitoring.Physicians' offices in central Connecticut.Two hundred thirty-seven consecutive patients referred by 65 community- and hospital-based physicians.Indications for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, changes in diagnosis and therapy, and office blood pressures before and after the ambulatory blood pressure study.The main indications for ordering the test included borderline hypertension (27% of studies ordered), assessment of blood pressure control during drug therapy (25%), evaluation for "white coat" or "office" hypertension (22%), and drug-resistant hypertension (16%). After the ambulatory blood pressure study, only 13% of the patients had further testing (for example, echocardiography); the diagnosis was changed in 41% of the patients, and antihypertensive therapy was changed in 46%. In 122 patients for whom data were complete, office blood pressure measured by the referring physician decreased from 161/96 +/- 22/12 mm Hg before the ambulatory blood pressure study to 151/86 +/- 27/12 mm Hg 3 months after the study (P = 0.004 for systolic blood pressure and P < 0.001 for diastolic blood pressure). One to 2 years after the study, office blood pressure was 149/86 +/- 24/12 mm Hg (P > 0.2 compared with 3 months after the study). Seventy-two percent of the patients had a lower office blood pressure within 3 months of the ambulatory blood pressure study.Practicing physicians use ambulatory blood pressure recordings for appropriate indications, and data from the monitoring studies affected the management of patients with hypertension.
D7-05: FDG-PET allows identification of radioresistant areas within the tumor during and after radiation treatment of NSCLC
Authors: Geert Bosmans, Hugo J. Aerts, Angela van Baardwijk, Andre Dekker, Stofferinus Wanders, Liesbeth Boersma, Philippe Lambin, Dirk De Ruysscher
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Leg Muscle Cramps
Authors: Robert B. Layzer
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their brief article, "Nocturnal Leg Muscle Cramps," Israel H. Weiner, MD, and Henry L. Weiner gave a simple physiological explanation for ordinary cramps. They said that when a muscle starts to contract at its shortest length, it shortens "beyond physiological limit into a painful cramp." This occurs because there is "no resistance or tension to limit or modulate the contractile response." This appealing explanation is unfortunately erroneous. Electromyography shows that cramps are accompanied by repetitive bursts of motor unit potentials, which most investigators consider to be of neural origin. The cramp, in other words, consists of spontaneous motornerve discharges to which the muscle responds appropriately. If the explanation by Weiner and Weiner were correct, ordinary muscle cramps would be a type of contracture, like the cramps of muscle phosphorylase deficiency, and would be electrically silent. It is an old observation that muscle cramps are often precipitated