tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intravascular Ultrasound Guidance Improves Angiographic and Clinical Outcome of Stent Implantation for Long Coronary Artery Stenoses
Authors: Pranobe V. Oemrawsingh, Gary S. Mintz, Martin J. Schalij, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, J. Wouter Jukema, Ernst E.v.d. Wall
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Long coronary lesions treated with stents have a poor outcome. This study compared the 6-month outcome of stent implantation for long lesions in patients randomized to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS; n=73) or angiographic guidance (n=71). Methods and Results— Stenoses &gt;20 mm in length and a reference diameter that permitted a stent diameter ≥3 mm were eligible. Primary end points were 6-month minimal lumen diameter (MLD) and the combined end point of death, myocardial infarction, and target-lesion revascularization (TLR). Baseline clinical and angiographic data were comparable in both groups. At 6 months, MLD in the IVUS group (1.82±0.53 mm) was larger than in the angiography group (1.51±0.71 mm; P =0.042). TLR and combined end-point rates at 6 months were 4% (n=3) and 6% (n=4) in the IVUS group and 14% (n=10) and 20% (n=14) in the angiography group, respectively ( P =0.037 for TLR and P =0.01 for combined events). Restenosis (&gt;50% diameter stenosis) was found in 23% of the IVUS group and 45% of the angiography group ( P =0.008). At 12 months, TLR and the combined end point occurred in 10% (n=7) and 12% (n=9) of the IVUS group and 23% (n=17) and 27% (n=19) of the angiography group ( P =0.018 and P =0.026), respectively. Conclusions— Angiographic and clinical outcome up to 12 months after long stent placement guided by IVUS is superior to guidance by angiography.
PRELIMINARY ANGIOGRAPHIC RESULTS OF THE NOVEL POLYMER-FREE BIOLIMUS-A9 COATED STENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS - FOUR-MONTH ANGIOGRAPHIC FOLLOW-UP OF THE PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, MULTICENTER BIOFREEDOM TRIAL
Authors: Ricardo A. Costa, Alexandre Abizaid, Roxana Mehran, Alexandra J. Lansky, Marco A. Magalhaes, Louise Gambone, Helen Parise, Gerhard Schuler, Karl E. Hauptmann, Joachim Schofer, Eberhard Grube
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Pectin: An Examination in Normal Subjects
Authors: Larry A Gold, Jerome P McCourt, Thomas J Merimee
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Pectin (10 g) administered to normal subjects with 100 g of glucose did not alter significantly serum concentrations of either glucose or insulin compared with glucose given alone. Pectin given with a mixed meal, however, did reduce the degree of glycemia without significantly altering insulin secretion. Pectin given with meals for 18 days was without effect on either serum glucose or insulin concentrations.
Dietary probucol preserves endothelial function in cholesterol-fed rabbits by limiting vascular oxidative stress and superoxide generation.
Authors: J F Keaney, A Xu, D Cunningham, T Jackson, B Frei, J A Vita
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Excess vascular oxidative stress and the local formation of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) have been implicated in the development of impaired endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation in hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Dietary antioxidants limit LDL oxidation in vitro and treatment of cholesterol-fed rabbits with dietary antioxidants preserves endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) action. To investigate the mechanism(s) responsible for these observations, we examined EDRF action, vascular oxidative stress, and antioxidant protection in male New Zealand White rabbits using four dietary treatments. Animals consumed standard chow (chow group) or chow supplemented with: (a) 0.5% cholesterol (0.5% cholesterol group); (b) 1% cholesterol (1% cholesterol group); or (c) 1% cholesterol and 1% probucol (probucol group). After 28 d of dietary treatment, segments of thoracic aorta from the 0.5 and 1% cholesterol groups demonstrated impairment of acetylcholine-mediated endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation compared to chow-fed animals (57 +/- 11% and 45 +/- 9% vs 78 +/- 3%, respectively; P < 0.05). In contrast, vessels from the probucol group demonstrated normal relaxation to acetylcholine (83 +/- 5%). Plasma cholesterol levels and the extent of atherosclerosis were similar among all cholesterol-fed groups. Probucol treatment was associated a threefold increase in LDL resistance to copper-induced oxidative modification (P < 0.05) and a reduction in tissue lipid peroxidation (as assessed by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; P < 0.05) compared to animals fed cholesterol alone. Most importantly, both of these changes were strongly correlated with preserved EDRF action. Moreover, cholesterol feeding was associated with a dose-dependent increase in vascular superoxide generation and lysophosphatidylcholine content, both of which were prevented by probucol treatment. From these findings, we conclude that probucol, a lipid-soluble antioxidant, preserves EDRF action in cholesterol-fed rabbits in association with limiting vascular oxidative stress and superoxide generation.
Results of testing fifteen glycol ethers in a short-term in vivo reproductive toxicity assay.
Authors: R L Schuler, B D Hardin, R W Niemeier, G Booth, K Hazelden, V Piccirillo, K Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Fifteen glycol ethers were investigated for their potential to cause adverse reproductive toxic effects using an in vivo mouse screening bioassay. Pregnant mice were orally dosed once per day on days 7 through 14 of gestation at concentrations causing 0 to 41% maternal mortality. Reproductive endpoints included pup survival in utero (percent of live litters/pregnant survivors), pup perinatal and postnatal survival (number of live pups per litter, number of dead pups per litter, and pup survival to 2.5 days of age), and pup body weight statistics (weight at birth and weight at 2.5 days of age). The study was conducted in two phases: a dose range-finding phase using nonpregnant female mice, and a definitive reproductive phase using time-mated mice. The range-finding phase sought to identify, for each chemical, the maternal LD10 as the target dose. However, based upon reproductive phase results, such an exact dose was impractical to achieve. Thus, a range from the LD5 to the LD20 was considered a sufficient challenge dose that would not affect results due to high mortality, i.e., greater than the LD20. Glycol ethers were assigned to groups having different priorities for further testing based upon whether a sufficient challenge dose was administered and the degree of effects recorded for each chemical.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reply to Samuel Bishara and Jim Adshead's Letter to the Editor re: Brian J. Linder, Igor Frank, John C. Cheville, et al. The Impact of Perioperative Blood Transfusion on Cancer Recurrence and Survival Following Radical Cystectomy. Eur Urol 2013;63:839–45
Authors: Brian J. Linder, Stephen A. Boorjian
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Atrial Tachypacing in the Treatment of a Patient with Primary Orthostatic Hypotension
Authors: Arthur J. Moss, Warren Glaser, Eric Topol
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

PRIMARY orthostatic hypotension is an inexorably progressive condition characterized by symptoms and signs of sympathetic-nervous-system degeneration.1 A striking clinical feature of this disorder is severe orthostatic hypotension, often without compensatory tachycardia. To date, therapy for this condition has been less than satisfactory.2 3 4 Case ReportRecently, we saw a 77-year-old man with an eight-year history of progressive, incapacitating primary orthostatic hypotension that had been unresponsive to traditional therapies (mineralocorticoids, sympathomimetic amines, elastic stockings, and an antigravity suit). Neurologic examination revealed no abnormality of the central nervous system. The heart rate remained fixed at 72 beats per minute despite marked orthostatic reduction . . .
ErbB2/HER2-specific NK cells for adoptive cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Congcong Zhang, Michael Burger, Kurt Schönfeld, Sabrina Genβler, Christiane Sahm, Sonja Naundorf, Marcus Odendahl, Paulina Nowakowska, Torsten Tonn, Manuel Grez, Joachim P Steinbach, Winfried S Wels
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Significant progress has been made over the last decade towards realizing the potential of natural killer (NK) cells for cancer immunotherapy. NK cells can respond rapidly to transformed and stressed cells, and have the intrinsic potential to extravasate and reach their targets in
COMPARATIVE ACCURACY OF POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY AND SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Matthew W. Parker, Aline Iskandar, Brendan Limone, Andrew Perugini, Brian Calamari, Charles Jones, Hyejin Kim, Craig Coleman, Gary Heller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The Transmission of AIDS: The Case of the Infected Cell
Authors: Noah Robbins
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.—  In an otherwise excellent review in the May 27 issue of JAMA on the role of infected cells in the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Dr Levy 1 makes the statement that whereas some agents, such as non-oxynol 9, may kill the free infectious virus, at nontoxic doses these agents would not affect the virus-infected cell. The unfortunate implication is that non-oxynol 9 has little if any role in halting the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which may not have been Dr Levy's intent.  Nonoxynol 9 is the active ingredient in many spermicides. There are data to suggest that this nonionic detergent is both virucidal 2 and cytotoxic. 3 Non-oxynol 9, used in combination with contraceptive sponges or latex condoms, should be considered an adjunct in preventing the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus in a high-risk population whose members choose to remain sexually active.
Stem Cells: Supramolecular Hydrogels for Long-Term Bioengineered Stem Cell Therapy (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2015)
Authors: Junseok Yeom, Su Jin Kim, Hyuntae Jung, Hong Namkoong, Jeonga Yang, Byung Woo Hwang, Kyunghoon Oh, Kimoon Kim, Young Chul Sung, Sei Kwang Hahn
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

K. Kim, Y. C. Sung, S. K. Hahn, and co-workers develop supramolecular hydrogels for long-term engineered mesenchymal stem cell (eMSC) therapy using the host-guest chemistry of cucurbit[6]uril and diaminohexane on page 237. The eMSCs can produce enhanced green fluorescence protein within the hydrogels in mice for more than 60 days. This platform technology is successfully applied to the treatment of cancer, reflecting the feasibility for various cell therapy and tissue engineering.
THE GROWTH OF TISSUE IN ACID MEDIA
Authors: Peyton Rous
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

Connective tissue cells of chick embryos and cells of a chicken sarcoma, proliferating in vitro, soon render acid the plasma about them, but they nevertheless continue to grow well. Evidently the tissue cell will withstand a considerably greater change in the reaction of the fluids about it than has usually been supposed. Under conditions of in vitro life in plasma, which do not provide for an artificial circulation, the acid produced by growing tissues diffuses only slowly and is subject to little dilution from this source. About tissues which grow very rapidly in vitro, as, for example, tumor tissues, there must be a marked concentration of metabolic products, and this may largely account for the poor results of attempts at the continuous propagation of such tissues in vitro.
THE RECOVERY FROM PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PNEUMONITIS OF A VIRUS CAUSING PNEUMONIA IN THE MONGOOSE
Authors: John M. Weir, Frank L. Horsfall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

1. A virus capable of producing pulmonary consolidation in the wild mongoose (Herpestes griseus) has been isolated from throat washings obtained from four patients with a clinical syndrome termed acute pneumonitis. 2. The virus was not pathogenic for ferrets, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, monkeys, voles, hamsters, deer mice, skunks, opossums, or woodchucks. 3. The virus was filterable through Berkefeld V and N candles, was not inactivated by glycerin or by freezing and drying in vacuum, and was propagated for at least 30 serial passages on the chorio-allantoic membrane of the developing chick embryo. 4. Normal mongooses placed in contact with infected mongooses developed pulmonary consolidation. 5. The virus was neutralized by the serum of mongooses convalescent from the infection but was not neutralized by normal mongoose serum. 6. Serum of human beings convalescent from acute pneumonitis also neutralized the virus, but serum obtained from the same individuals during the acute phase of the disease failed to do so. 7. The evidence so far obtained strongly suggests that this virus is the cause of acute pneumonitis in human beings. It differs from other viruses known to cause infections of the respiratory tract in man.
Where Have We Failed? A Systematic Analysis of US Health Care
Authors: D. W. Florence
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Wnt1 Expression Induces Short-Range and Long-Range Cell Recruitments That Modify Mammary Tumor Development and Are Not Induced by a Cell-Autonomous β-Catenin Effector
Authors: Young Chul Kim, Rod J. Clark, Erik A. Ranheim, Caroline M. Alexander
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Xenograft model studies have shown that tumor-associated, or genetically modified, activated stromal cells can promote tumor cell growth. Here, we examined mammary tumors arising in response to two different transgene-mediated Wnt signaling effectors: Wnt1 (a ligand with cell-nonautonomous effects) and ΔNβ-catenin (a constitutively active form of the intracellular effector). Although the route of tumor development has been shown to be similar for these two models, histologic analysis shows that Wnt1-induced tumors are associated with tracts of activated stroma, whereas most ΔNβ-catenin–induced tumors are solid adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, quantification of the “reactive stroma index” indicates that abundant activated stroma correlates with accelerated tumor progression. Wnt1-expressing mammary epithelial cells induce Wnt-specific target gene expression in local stromal cells (Wnt1-induced secreted protein 1/CCN4) but also induce long-range effects. Thus, mice with rapid tumor progression have 2-fold more circulating endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood than control or ΔNβ-catenin transgenic mice. Using tagged bone marrow (BM) transplants, we show that BM-derived cells are massively recruited to infiltrate the stroma of Wnt1-induced tumors where they differentiate into multiple cell types. Thus, localized ectopic expression of the proto-oncogene Wnt1 in mammary glands induces systemic responses, and we propose that this response modifies the tumorigenic outcome. [Cancer Res 2008;68(24):10145–53]
Become a farmer and avoid new allergic sensitization: Adult farming exposures protect against new-onset atopic sensitization
Authors: Grethe Elholm, Vivi Schlünssen, Gert Doekes, Ioannis Basinas, Bo Martin Bibby, Charlotte Hjort, Pernille Milvang Grønager, Øyvind Omland, Torben Sigsgaard
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Lung restricted T cell receptor AV2S3+ CD4+ T cell expansions in sarcoidosis patients with a shared HLA-DRbeta chain conformation
Authors: J Grunewald
Journal: Thorax (2002)

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown aetiology frequently affecting the lungs. CD4+ T cells, in particular, accumulate in the lungs, implicating them in the pathogenesis of the disease. Methods: T cell receptor (TCR) variable (V) gene expression on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid T cells and the HLA DR alleles of 121 Scandinavian patients with sarcoidosis was determined. Results: As expected from our previous results, almost every DRB1*0301 (i.e. DR17) positive patient (67/69) had significantly increased numbers of AV2S3+ CD4+ T cells in the BAL fluid but normal levels in peripheral blood (that is, lung restricted expansions) compared with only six of 52 DRB1*0301 negative patients. Detailed genotypic HLA analysis showed that these six DRB1*0301 negative patients with lung restricted AV2S3+ T cell expansions had another HLA allele in common—the HLA-DRB3*0101 allele (also called DR52a)—which was not found in any other DRB1*0301 negative patient. A new group of sarcoidosis patients was therefore identified, characterised by a strict correlation between a distinct HLA allele and lung accumulated T cells expressing a particular TCR V segment. Furthermore, the HLA-DRB1*0301 and HLA-DRB3*0101 encoded molecules showed similarities, with identical amino acid sequences in regions important for antigen binding which may enable them to bind and present the same or similar antigenic peptides. Conclusions: HLA-DRB3*0101 as well as DRB1*0301 positive sarcoidosis patients may have the capacity to present specific sarcoidosis associated antigens in such a way that AV2S3+ CD4+ T cells are stimulated preferentially, generating lung restricted AV2S3+ T cell expansions.
Amphetamine Sulfate and Performance
Authors: William R. Pierson
Journal: JAMA (1961)

IN THE COURSE of reviewing literature for some recent research,<sup>1,2</sup>I noticed particularly a series of papers presented by Smith and Beecher.<sup>3-5</sup>These studies have been widely cited, and many popular sports magazines have mentioned them in connection with the "prevalence" of drug usage among athletes. A critical evaluation, particularly of the first of these studies, reveals serious defects in the collection of the data, naivete and errors in statistical techniques and interpretation, and conclusions which are not substantiated by the data. Much of the data collected by Smith and Beecher are, by their own admission, unreliable. This critique will not concern itself with those data, nor with the data collected in the "fatigue" aspect of swimmers. It is doubtful if many swimmers begin a race suffering from acute fatigue. The problem of the first study, as stated by Smith and Beecher, does not concern itself as
Is There a Continuity between Bipolar and Depressive Disorders?
Authors: Franco Benazzi
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Recent studies questioned the current categorical split of mood disorders into bipolar disorders (BP) and depressive disorders (MDD). &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Medline database search of papers from the last 10 years on the categorical-dimensional classification of mood disorders. Various combinations of the following key words were used: mood disorders, bipolar, unipolar, major depressive disorder, spectrum, category/categorical, classification, continuity. Only English language clinical papers were included, review papers were excluded, similar papers selected by quality. The number of papers found was 1,141. The number of papers selected was 109. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The continuity/spectrum between BP (mainly BP-II) and MDD was supported by the following findings:(1) high frequency of mixed states (mixed mania, mixed hypomania, mixed depression, i.e. co-occurring depression and noneuphoric manic/hypomanic symptoms) because opposite polarity symptoms in the same episode do not support a hypomania/mania-depression splitting; (2) MDD was the most common mood disorder in BP probands’ relatives; (3) no bimodal distribution of distinguishing symptoms between BP and MDD; (4) bipolar signs not uncommon in MDD; (5) many MDD shifting to BP; (6) many lifetime manic/hypomanic symptoms in MDD; (7) correlation between lifetime manic/hypomanic symptoms and MDD symptoms; (8) hypomania factors in MDD; (9) MDD often recurrent; (10) similar cognitive style.The categorical distinction between BP (mainly BP-I) and MDD was supported by the following findings: (1) BP more common in BP probands’ relatives; (2) lower age at BP onset; (3) females as common as males in BP-I, more common than males in MDD; (4) BP-I depression more atypical and retarded, MDD depression more sleepless and agitated; (5) BP more recurrent. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/i&gt;Focusing on mood spectrum’s extremes (BP-I vs. MDD), a categorical distinction seems supported. Focusing on midway disorders (BP-II and MDD plus bipolar signs), a continuity/spectrum seems supported. Results seem to support both a categorical and a dimensional view of mood disorders.
Modelling the cost effectiveness of interferon beta and glatiramer acetate in the management of multiple sclerosis * Commentary: Evaluating disease modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis
Authors: J. Chilcott
Journal: BMJ (2003)

To evaluate the cost effectiveness of four disease modifying treatments (interferon betas and glatiramer acetate) for relapsing remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in the United Kingdom.
Four Decades of Continuing Innovation With Fluorouracil: Current and Future Approaches to Fluorouracil Chemoradiation Therapy
Authors: Tyvin A. Rich, Robert C. Shepard, Stephen T. Mosley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Purpose Chemoradiotherapy, the combination of external radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy, has been the basis for the oncologic management of many patients since its development in the 1960s. Fluorouracil (FU) chemoradiotherapy has demonstrated success in several organ sites with multiple dosing schedules that now guide the selection of oral analogs of FU to provide new chemoradiotherapy options. Methods This article reviews the metabolism and pharmacology of FU and the advantages of administration of FU by continuous infusion or bolus. The potential role and impact of the oral fluorouracil prodrugs UFT, S-1, BOF-A2, and capecitabine as replacements for intravenous administration are discussed. The results of recent chemoradiotherapy studies with FU from 2000 to 2003 are summarized in rectal, head and neck, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, biliary, anal, and cervical cancers. Results Chemoradiotherapy with FU has the potential to widen the therapeutic window by minimizing normal tissue toxicity while maintaining effective tumor toxicity. Overall, FU chemoradiotherapy maximizes local control and, for some tumor sites (such as head and neck, pancreatic, biliary, cervical, esophageal, and gastric cancers), improves survival rates. Moreover, FU chemoradiotherapy results in improved organ preservation with excellent functional outcome in several anatomic sites including head and neck cancer, anal, and rectal cancer, with improved sphincter preservation. Conclusion FU chemoradiotherapy continues to play an important role in the management of many cancer sites. During the last four decades, optimal dosing schedules have produced a therapeutic gain. The introduction of oral prodrug analogs will likely further improve the results of FU therapy in several organ systems, such as the rectum, head and neck, and esophagus.