tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radioisotope Scintillation Scanning in the Evaluation of Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Roger D. Miercort
Journal: JAMA (1967)

REJALI et al<sup>1</sup>introduced radioisotope scanning of the heart and great vessels in 1958. Since then, this test has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of pericardial effusion and thoracico-abdominal midline masses,<sup>2-4</sup>and in the evaluation of ventricular aneurysms.<sup>5</sup>Recently, the procedure has somewhat fallen from favor. This is due in part to the advent of carbon dioxide insufflation and improved angiographic and ultrasonic techniques, but a more important deterrent has been the widespread impression that effusions of less than 300 cc are difficult to detect by pericardial scanning. That this impression is erroneous was shown in vitro by Bonte et al<sup>4</sup>and in vivo by Sklaroff et al<sup>6</sup>when they demonstrated that scans will detect effusions of 200 cc. The following report confirms their findings, again showing that effusions of 200 cc are detectable by scanning, and that the reliability of this
Grass pollen immunotherapy: efficacy and safety during a 4‐year follow‐up study
Authors: S. M. Walker, V. A. Varney, M. Gaga, M. R. Jacobson, S. R. Durham
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Grass pollen immunotherapy is effective, although efficacy must be balanced against side‐effects. In a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of 40 adult patients with summer hay fever, immunotherapy with a depot grass pollen extract ( Phleum pratense , Alutard SQ) reduced symptoms and medication requirements with an acceptable minimal level of side‐effects (31). The original placebo group, as well as the actively treated group, have now received active immunotherapy in an open fashion for a further 3 years. An important question was whether continued injection treatment was accompanied by maintained clinical improvement. By analysis of diary symptoms, rescue medication, and visual analogue scores during the pollen season, we show that efficacy was maintained throughout the 3–4‐year study period. Clinical improvement was accompanied by a sustained and marked decrease in immediate conjunctival allergen sensitivity and a further significant decrease in the size of the allergen‐induced late cutaneous response. In contrast, an initial decrease in the allergen‐induced immediate cutaneous response was not maintained at 3–4 years. Of the patients, 37/40 completed the first year, 33/40 the second year, and 32/40 the third year of treatment. Patients dropped out for reasons other than the outcome of immunotherapy. During a total of 2598 injections, five immediate systemic reactions were observed, all during the induction (not maintenance) phase, and all occurred within 10 min of injection and responded promptly to adrenaline. Grass pollen immunotherapy is effective and safe, provided it is performed on carefully selected patients by trained physicians with immediate access to resuscitative measures.
Origin of meiotic nondisjunction in Drosophila females.
Authors: R F Grell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Meiotic nondisjunction can be induced by external agents, such as heat, radiation, and chemicals, and by internal genotypic alterations, namely, point mutations and chromosomal rearrangements. In many cases, nondisjunction arises from a reduction or elimination of crossing over, leading to the production of homologous univalents which fail to co-orient on the metaphase plate and to disjoin properly. In some organisms, e.g., Drosophila and perhaps man, distributive pairing (i.e., a psot-exchange, size-dependent pairing) ensures the regular segregation of such homologous univalents. When a nonhomologous univalent is present, which falls within a size range permitting nonhomologous recognition and pairing, distributive nondisjunction of the homologues may follow. Examples of nondisjunction induced by inversion heterozygosity, translocation heterozygosity, chromosome fragments, radiation, heat, and recombination-defective mutants are presented.
Prevalence of Upper Respiratory Symptoms in Patients with Symptomatic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: DEMETRIOS S. THEODOROPOULOS, DENNIS K. LEDFORD, RICHARD F. LOCKEY, DONNA L. PECORARO, JOHN A. RODRIGUEZ, MILTON C. JOHNSON, H. WORTH BOYCE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

This study evaluated the prevalence of upper respiratory symptoms (URS) among patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Seventy-four subjects with heartburn completed a URS questionnaire before dual-probe, 24-h esophageal pH monitoring. The URS questionnaire was also completed by 74 normal volunteers without previous or current symptoms of GERD. Esophageal pH monitoring results were classified as normal, distal, or proximal and distal gastroesophageal reflux using standardized criteria. Mean URS scores ( ± SD) were 8.31 ± 3.98 in the 52 subjects with GERD and 4.57 ± 3.57 in the 22 subjects with negative pH probe studies, p = 0.02. Subjects with negative pH probe studies and normal volunteers scored similarly on the URS questionnaire. Reflux episodes/24 h correlated with URS scores, r = 0.47, p = 0.0001. Seventy-five percent of subjects with upper reflux, 68% of subjects with lower reflux, 36% of subjects with normal esophageal pH studies, and 9% of normal volunteers reported laryngeal symptoms for at least 5 d/mo. Sixty-nine percent of subjects with upper reflux, 50% of subjects with lower reflux, 31% of subjects with normal pH studies, and 14% of normal volunteers reported nasal symptoms for at least 5 d/mo. URS are frequent among subjects with GERD.Keywords: rhinitis; upper airway; gastroesophageal reflux
Predicting Death in Mechanically Ventilated Recipients of Bone Marrow Transplants
Authors: Gordon D. Rubenfeld
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 July 1997Predicting Death in Mechanically Ventilated Recipients of Bone Marrow TransplantsGordon D. Rubenfeld, MD, MSc and Stephen W. Crawford, MDGordon D. Rubenfeld, MD, MScHarborview Medical Center; Seattle, WA 98104-2499Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Seattle, WA 98104Search for more papers by this author and Stephen W. Crawford, MDHarborview Medical Center; Seattle, WA 98104-2499Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Seattle, WA 98104Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-1-199707010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Hennessy and colleagues' experience of no survivors out of 21 mechanically ventilated patients is consistent with our findings and those reported in the literature. We note that the upper bound of the 95% CI in this small sample allows for a 16% survival rate in mechanically ventilated patients. It would be problematic to draw conclusions about the relation (or lack of a relation) between timing of respiratory failure after bone marrow transplantation and survival in a sample of 21 patients.In our report we proposed guidelines for limiting life support in selected bone marrow transplant recipients on the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harborview Medical Center; Seattle, WA 98104-2499Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Seattle, WA 98104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 1Page: 88KeywordsBone marrowHemodynamicsLungsQuality improvementRenal failureRespiratory failureRisk managementSpecificityVasopressorsVentilators Issue Published: 1 July 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Relative efficacy of 335 and 365 nm radiation in photochemotherapy of psoriasis
Authors: J. BRUCKE, A. TANEW, B. ORTEL, H. HONIGSMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

The action spectrum for the induction of phototoxic erythema by treatment with 8‐methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP) and UVA peaks at around 335 nm. Because earlier investigations reported peak phototoxic activity at 365 nm, we compared the antipsoriatic efficacy of 335 and 365 nm in an oral psoralen photochemotherapy (PUVA) regimen using a monochromator. PUVA with 335 nm was twice as effective as with 365 nm, with respect to both erythemogenicity and the cumulative dose required for clearing psoriasis. However, 335 and 365 nm were equally effective if delivered in equal erythema doses. It appears that in human skin the antipsoriatic activity of 8‐MOP parallels its erythemogenicity.
Simultaneous engagement of the activatory receptors NKG2D and CD3 for retargeting of effector cells to CD33-positive malignant cells
Authors: S Stamova, M Cartellieri, A Feldmann, C C Bippes, H Bartsch, R Wehner, M Schmitz, M von Bonin, M Bornhäuser, G Ehninger, E P Rieber, M Bachmann
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Responsibility of a Physician in a Program for Eradication of Syphilis
Authors: R.H. Kampmeier
Journal: JAMA (1963)

CONTROL of venereal diseases can be attained only at the price of eternal vigilance in terms of case finding and treatment. The recent rising incidence of syphilis was anticipated and warned against by some of those who had a role during the "golden decade of syphilis control" beginning in 1936.<sup>1</sup>As activity in case finding developed and progressed in those years, the incidence of syphilis decreased. The even lessened incidence during the war years was contributed to by men entering the armed forces and the enforced hospitalization of prostitutes for so-called "rapid" treatment with oxophenarsine HCl (Mapharsen) given as an intravenous drip. When the veterans returned and the controlled treatment of prostitutes ceased, the incidence of syphilis rose quite markedly. Then penicillin, having become available, permitted adequate short-term and completed treatment, with the result of a lessened incidence of infectious relapse, thereby reducing the major reservoir of infection
A novel metalloprotease/disintegrin–like gene at 17q21.3 is somatically rearranged in two primary breast cancers
Authors: Mitsuru Emi, Toyomasa Katagiri, Yousuke Harada, Hiroko Saito, Johji Inazawa, Isao Ito, Fujio Kasumi, Yusuke Nakamura
Journal: Nature Genetics (1993)
Tardive dyskinesia associated with metoclopramide.
Authors: B E Wiholm, O Mortimer, G Boethius, J E Haggstrom
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Eleven cases of tardive dyskinesia associated with metoclopramide have been reported to the Swedish Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee from 1977 to 1981, 10 of which developed during the past three years. All patients were women, with a mean age of 76 years. Median duration of treatment before the onset of symptoms was 14 months. Calculated from total drug sales and prescription statistics the incidence of tardive dyskinesia during treatment with metoclopramide was estimated to be one in 2000-2800 treatment years. Extrapolation of data on long term treatment (more than six months) of patients aged 70 years or more, from a survey based on individual prescriptions yielded an incidence of more than one in a 1000 patients. Long term treatment with metoclopramide is accompanied by a substantial risk of developing tardive dyskinesia especially among elderly people.
DELAYED HYPER-ENHANCEMENT PATTERN OF CMR IN ISCHEMIC VERSUS NON-ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY BASED ON CONVENTIONAL DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Sung-A Chang, Sang-Chol Lee, Sung-Mok Kim, Jin-Oh Choi, Sung-Ji Park, Nowell Fine, Danielle Henkel, Seung Woo Park, Eun-Seok Jeon, Yeon-Hyeon Choe, Jae Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Randomised trial of corticosteroids in the treatment of tuberculous pleurisy.
Authors: I Galarza, C Canete, A Granados, R Estopa, F Manresa
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--Tuberculous pleurisy can result in pleural fibrosis, calcification and thickening. To prevent these complications, corticosteroids are frequently used in addition to antituberculous drugs; however, new therapeutic regimens can control the disease and minimise the sequelae, and there is no convincing evidence of the benefit of the use of corticosteroids as adjuvant therapy. METHODS--Patients received isoniazid 5 mg/kg and rifampicin 10 mg/kg daily for six months. Additionally, they were randomly assigned to a double blind treatment with either prednisone (1 mg/kg/day for 15 days and then tapering off) or placebo during the first month of treatment. Different clinical, radiological, and functional parameters were evaluated to assess the effect of corticosteroids. RESULTS--Fifty seven patients received prednisone and 60 placebo. At the end of the treatment the clinical outcome, the rate of reabsorption of the pleural fluid, the pleural sequelae, as well as lung capacity were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS--Corticosteroids do not influence the clinical outcome or the development of long term pleural sequelae in tuberculous pleurisy.
1095 Histamine stimulates proliferation of normal cholangiocytes by Ca/PKC-dependent modulation of the cAMP-dependent PKA/SRC/MEK/ERK1/2 pathway
Authors: H FRANCIS, S GLASER, S TAFFETANI, J VENTER, J PHINIZY, B BAUMANN, G FAVA, R REICHENBACH, G ALPINI
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Although both amphiregulin and TGF-α are known to exert their effects through the EGF receptor, we find that concentrations of recombinant human amphiregulin and TGF-α that are equipotent in EGF receptor activation and mitogenesis exhibit markedly different effects on MDCK cell morphology. Amphiregulin induces a spindle-like morphology that is associated with a redistribution of E-cadherin from a Triton-insoluble to Triton-soluble pool. TGF-α does not affect epithelial morphology nor does it affect the distribution of the Triton-soluble or -insoluble pool of E-cadherin. The effects of amphiregulin on E-cadherin are associated with actin rearrangement. The morphological and biochemical effects of amphiregulin are prevented by EGF receptor blockade but require Src-family kinase activity and MAPK signaling. These results identify an action of amphiregulin that is distinct from TGF-α that may contribute to amphiregulin's participation in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders like psoriasis and cancer.
PYELITIS FROM INFECTION WITH MORGAN'S NO. I BACILLUS
Authors: D. Riding
Journal: BMJ (1927)

most desperate qases it is permissible only to make entero- stomy), uider-local:anaesthesia.In such cases l thinik that one opening should be made in the bowel by incision-above the umbilicus andanother well below it.The-upper bpening will combat the proteose toxaemia, the lower will combat the septic toxaemia.Itf is sometimes difficult to decide when to perform enterostomy.I believe that if strong colicky pains have
IS THERE A CORRELATION BETWEEN STIFFNESS VASCULAR PARAMETERS AND AUTO-ANTIBODIES AGAINST NUCLEAR PROTEIN SCL-70 IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS?
Authors: Concetta Zito, Scipione Carerj, Gianluca Di Bella, Maurizio Cusmà Piccione, Caterina Longordo, Girolamo Gioffrè, Raffaella Iudicello
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Evaluating the Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Authors: David S. Shimm
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We reviewed the records of 28 patients with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) between 1973 and 1978 to establish the risk from invasive diagnostic procedures and the therapeutic value of the information obtained. Of 23 patients, this syndrome was the initial manifestation in 18. Bronchoscopy with endobronchial biopsy, thoracentesis, pleural biopsy, lymph node biopsy, and, in one patient, thoracotomy were performed without major complications. Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung was found in seven of the 18 patients with SVCS as the initial manifestation of their disease. We believe that carefully performed invasive diagnostic procedures can be carried out safely. Furthermore, accurate histological diagnosis assumes major importance with the development of effective chemotherapy for small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:951-953)
Surface vs Core-Tonsillar Aerobic and Anaerobic Flora in Recurrent Tonsillitis
Authors: Itzhak Brook
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Specimens from both the surface and the core of tonsils from 23 children with recurrent tonsillitis were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora were obtained from all patients. The predominant anaerobic isolates were Bacteroides sp, Fusobacterium nucleatum, anaerobic Gram-positive cocci, and Eubacterium sp. The predominant aerobic isolates were alpha-hemolytic streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococci, and Haemophilus sp. beta-Lactamase production was noted in 49 isolates from 19 patients (83%). Seventy percent of the aerobic isolates were recovered in both core and surface specimens, compared with 57% of the anaerobic isolates. Ten percent of aerobes were recovered only in the core, compared with 33% of the anaerobes, and 20% of the aerobes in the surface only, compared wtih 10% of the anaerobes. These data demonstrate the discrepancies between surface and core cultures in the isolation of anaerobic bacteria, and raise the question whether surface cultures can accurately predict the presence of beta-lactamase-producing organisms or other pathogens in the recurrently infected tonsil.
Induction of ovulation with pulsatile luteinising hormone releasing hormone.
Authors: P Mason, J Adams, D V Morris, M Tucker, J Price, Z Voulgaris, Z M Van der Spuy, I Sutherland, G R Chambers, S White
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Ovulation was successfully induced with luteinising hormone releasing hormone in 28 women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea who had failed to respond to treatment with clomiphene. Luteinising hormone releasing hormone was administered in a pulsatile manner with miniaturised automatic infusion systems. The rate of ovarian follicular maturation, as monitored by serial pelvic ultrasonography, was similar to that observed in spontaneous cycles. Endocrine assessment by serial measurement of gonadotrophin, oestradiol, and progesterone concentrations showed hormone concentrations to be within the normal range. Intravenous treatment was required in only two patients, the remainder responding satisfactorily to subcutaneous infusion. All patients conceived within six cycles of treatment, and only one multiple pregnancy occurred.
Familial Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets
Authors: WILLIAM F. FALLS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Six members of a family with the classic genetic and clinical picture of vitamin D-resistant rickets were studied. All patients had a low maximum tubular reabsorption of phosphate and phosphate clearances that were either high or borderline when consideration was made for age and size. A standard calcium infusion test failed to enhance phosphate reabsorption in five of six patients. A massive infusion of calcium, however, strikingly augmented phosphate reabsorption in four patients who did not respond to the standard infusion. In one patient there was complete clearing of phosphate from the urine. These results were interpreted to mean that the phosphaturia was due to secondary hyperparathyroidism rather than to a primary defect in tubular reabsorption of phosphate. The fact that phosphate reabsorption was enhanced only by marked hypercalcemia suggests that there was partial parathyroid autonomy.
Abstract LB-216: Receptor targeted (CD206) Tc99m tilmanocept localization in sentinel nodes in breast cancer and melanoma is concordant with preoperative imaging and a reduction in missed disease
Authors: Frederick O. Cope, Wendy Metz, Bonnie Abbruzzese, Jo Shuping, Richard Hartman, Dennis King, Lori Christman, Michael Blue
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Tilmanocept is wholly synthetic molecule composed of a dextran-10 backbone with both multiple mannose side moieties (for receptor biding) and DTPA (for chelation of divalent cations). Tilmanocept is designed as a high affinity ligand for the human mannose binding receptor (CD206) of reticuloendothelial cells (RECs), and more specifically, those RECs that reside in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Tilmanocept is designed to provide high sensitivity and specificity for intraoperative lymphatic mapping in melanoma, breast cancer, head/neck squamous cell carcinoma, and other solid tumors. This study was designed to evaluate the correlation of preoperative imaging using Tc99m tilmanocept and intraoperative tumor bed-adnexed node findings, along with metatstatic disease finding for Tc99m tilmaocept with its “truth” comparator, Lymphazurin. Results/Conclusions: The results of combined prospective phase 3 clinical trials in breast cancer and melanoma indicate that there is a near 99% correlation between the preoperative imaging (lymphoscintigraphy) based on the use of the CD206 targeted Tc99m tilmanocept and the intraoperative/surgical findings of tumor-adnexed lymph nodes. Additionally, these findings provide exceptional guidance for nodal extraction in contrast to the “truth” mapping agent Lymphazurin, where Tc99m provides a significantly lower failed detection rate leading to a ∼10 percent improved staging rate for breast cancer and mealnoma patients (less missed disease and appropriate post-surgical treatment program). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-216. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-216
Role of microRNAs and microRNA machinery in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: S Caramuta, L Lee, D M Özata, P Akçakaya, P Georgii-Hemming, H Xie, R-M Amini, C H Lawrie, G Enblad, C Larsson, M Berglund, W-O Lui
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2013)

Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression has been documented in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the impact of miRNAs and their machinery in DLBCL is not fully determined. Here, we assessed the role of miRNA expression and their processing genes in DLBCL development. Using microarray and RT-qPCR approaches, we quantified global miRNAs and core components of miRNA-processing genes expression in 75 DLBCLs (56 de novo and 19 transformed) and 10 lymph nodes (LN). Differential miRNA signatures were identified between DLBCLs and LNs, or between the de novo and transformed DLBCLs. We also identified subsets of miRNAs associated with germinal center B-cell phenotype, BCL6 and IRF4 expression, and clinical staging. In addition, we showed a significant over-expression of TARBP2 in de novo DLBCLs as compared with LNs, and decreased expression of DROSHA, DICER, TARBP2 and PACT in transformed as compared with de novo cases. Interestingly, cases with high TARBP2 and DROSHA expression had a poorer chemotherapy response. We further showed that TARBP2 can regulate miRNA-processing efficiency in DLBCLs, and its expression inhibition decreases cell growth and increases apoptosis in DLBCL cell lines. Our findings provide new insights for the understanding of miRNAs and its machinery in DLBCL.
Global leaders call for end to war on drugs
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The global war on drugs has “failed, with devastating consequences for individual and society around the world,” says a report from an unprecedented group of world leaders. 

It calls for major reforms, including the legalisation and regulation of marijuana and better, evidence-based medical help for addicts. 

The report was written by the Global Commission on Drug Policy, whose 19 members include former United Nations secretary general Kofi Annan, past presidents of Brazil, Columbia, and Mexico, former US state department and treasury secretary George P Schultz, former US federal reserve chairman Paul Volker, and entrepreneur Richard Branson.

It was released at a 2 June news conference in New York.

It cites a UN report that estimates …