tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Iron-deficiency anaemia and its effect on worker productivity and activity patterns.
Authors: V R Edgerton, G W Gardner, Y Ohira, K A Gunawardena, B Senewiratne
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The effects of iron-deficiency anaemia on workers productivity were studied in a tea plantation in Sri Lanka. The quantity of tea picked per day was studied before and after iron supplementation or placebo treatment. After one month9s treatment significantly more tea was picked when the haemoglobin (Hb) concentration was increased by iron supplementation than when it was not. The degree of improvement was greater in more-anaemic subjects (those with concentrations of 6.0-9.0 g Hb/dl). The level of physical activity of anaemic subjects in their everyday environment was also recorded for four or 24 hours continuously both before and after treatment. After three weeks these levels was significantly greater in the iron-treated than matched placebo-treated subjects. The economic implications of increased work productively with iron treatment are evident, particularly in developing countries. These results also provide strong evidence for the clinical impression that people with iron-deficiency anaemia suffer from tiredness and weakness.
Intramuscular Injection-Site Complications
Authors: David J. Greenblatt
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Among 26,294 hospitalized medical patients monitored by the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, 46% received at least one intramuscular (IM) injection. Drugs for which IM injection was the route of administration in more than 80% of all exposures included penicillin G procaine, mercurial diuretics, cyanocobalamin, streptomycin sulfate, colistimethate sodium, meperidine hydrochloride, cephaloridine, scopolamine hydrobromide, kanamycin sulfate, and iron dextran injection. Local complications of IM injection were reported in a total of only 48 patients (0.4% of all IM recipients). Local complications were most commonly associated with IM injection of cephalothin sodium. Clinically important local complications are uncommonly associated with IM injections in general. However, certain drugs, eg, cephalothin, produce injection-site complications with relatively high frequency; the clinical role of IM injection of such drugs should be reevaluated.
Bicarbonate Secretion by Rabbit Cortical Collecting Tubules in Vitro
Authors: Thurman D. McKinney, Maurice B. Burg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

We previously reported that rabbit renal cortical collecting tubules can secrete bicarbonate in vitro (i.e., there can be net transport from bath to lumen, causing the concentration in the lumen to increase). Net bicarbonate secretion was observed most often when rabbits had been pretreated with NaHCO(3) and were excreting alkaline urine before being killed for experiments. The purpose of the present studies was to elucidate the mechanism involved by testing the effects of ion substitutions and drugs on collecting tubules that were secreting bicarbonate. Acetazolamide inhibited net bicarbonate secretion, suggesting that the process is dependent upon carbonic anhydrase. Net bicarbonate secretion also decreased when sodium in the perfusate and bath was replaced by choline, but not when chloride was replaced by nitrate or methylsulfate. Ouabain had no significant effect. Amiloride caused net bicarbonate secretion to increase. The rate of net secretion did not correlate with transepithelial voltage. The results are compared to those in turtle urinary bladders that also secrete bicarbonate. There are no direct contradictions between the results in the two tissues, i.e., in turtle bladders acetazolamide also inhibited bicarbonate secretion and ouabain had no effect. Nevertheless, it seems unlikely that net secretion of bicarbonate by collecting tubules involves specific exchange for chloride, as has been proposed for turtle bladders, because replacement of chloride by other anions did not inhibit bicarbonate secretion by collecting tubules. It was previously shown that the collecting tubules in vitro also may absorb bicarbonate, especially when the rabbits have been treated with NH(4)Cl and are excreting acid urine before being killed. The effects of drugs on net bicarbonate secretion found in the present studies are compared to their previously reported effects on net bicarbonate absorption and the possibility is discussed that bicarbonate absorption and secretion are independent processes, as was previously proposed for turtle bladders.
Ivacaftor improved lung function in cystic fibrosis with G551D mutation
Authors: Denis Hadjiliadis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

ACP Journal Club17 April 2012Ivacaftor improved lung function in cystic fibrosis with G551D mutationDenis Hadjiliadis, MD, MHSDenis Hadjiliadis, MD, MHSUniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (D.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-8-201204170-02010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationRamsey BW, Davies J, McElvaney NG, et al; VX08-770-102 Study Group. A CFTR potentiator in patients with cystic fibrosis and the G551D mutation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1663-72. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22047557Clinical Impact RatingsGenetics: Pulmonology: References1 Sloane PA, Rowe SM. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein repair as a therapeutic strategy in cystic fibrosis. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2010;16:591-7. [PMID: 20829696] Google Scholar2 Flume PA, O’Sullivan BP, Robinson KA, et al; Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Pulmonary Therapies Committee. Cystic fibrosis pulmonary guidelines: chronic medications for maintenance of lung health. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176:957-69. [PMID: 17761616] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (D.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 April 2012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 April 2012Volume 156, Issue 8Page: JC4-10KeywordsLungsPulmonary diseasesRespiratory failureSafetySweatVentilatorsWeight gain ePublished: 17 April 2012 Issue Published: 17 April 2012 CopyrightCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
When the Personal Was Political: Five Women Doctors Look Back
Authors: Pat Fosarelli
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cervical and Thoracic Actinomycosis on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Suhas Singla, Harmandeep Singh, Anirban Mukherjee, Sellam Karunanithi, Chandrasekhar Bal, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that runs an indolent course, predominantly seen in Asian countries. The present case highlights the findings of 18F-FDG PET/CT in cervicothoracic actinomycosis imitating lymphoma.
Thesaurosis Caused by Hair Spray
Authors: Matthew J. Brunner
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In an editorial inThe Journal, Nov. 5, 1960, entitled "Dangerous Dusts and Furtive Fumes—`New' and Resurrected," pulmonary thesaurosis, believed due to hair spray, is referred to as a new but definitely established clinical entity. It should be made clear to readers ofThe Journalthat the concept of pulmonary thesaurosis is not proven, and that studies by the FDA and others do not confirm its existence. Bergmann and his co-authors originally described pulmonary thesaurosis in a report covering 2 patients in whom x-rays revealed slowly resolving hilar node enlargement and reticulated pulmonary densities. A third possible case was reported in Great Britain. In one subject, a scalene node biopsy showed epithelioid cells containing periodic acid-Schiff stain-positive granules. Both patients had been users of hair spray. Bergmann also injected 3 guinea pigs subcutaneously with hair-spray solids and reported finding a granulomatous reaction at the injection sites. The
Cirrhotic patients with or without hepatocellular carcinoma harbor AFP-specific CD4- and CD8-positive T-cells that can be activated in vitro by human AFP
Authors: W.H. Caselman, P. Hanke, M. Serwe, C. Rabe, C. Pagenstecher, S. Boehm, T. Sauerbruch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Laboratory Diagnosis of Immunologic Disorders
Authors: Frances K. Widmann
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Clinical pathology as a discipline finds its definition in this book. The Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine of the University of California at San Francisco sponsored, in 1974, a symposium focusing on this large and increasingly important category. Not every chapter completely meets the editors' goal of achieving "a comprehensive guide to the evaluation of the few old and the many new tests in the field," but throughout there is an exciting awareness that laboratory and medicine are inseparable in these new areas of immunobiology. Oddly enough, autoimmune disorders receive the shortest shrift, with detailed attention going only to hemolytic anemia and autoimmune liver disease. The "collagen-vascular disease" complex occupies a scant six pages, of which two describe a case history of lupus erythematosus. The most provocative and perhaps ultimately the most useful section considers ways to apply the phenomena of cell-mediated immunity to presently defined states of
Overseas doctors: coming to Britain.
Authors: R Smith
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Without doctors who qualified overseas the National Health Service would not have been able to grow as fast as it has done nor would it be able to do the work it does today. In 1978 there were about 66 000 doctors working in the NHS and of those about 18 000?about one-third of hospital doctors and one fifth of general practitioners?had qualified overseas.1 2 Ever since the 1950s they have been coming to Britain in large numbers, as many British doctors were emigrating and British universities could not produce medical graduates quickly enough for the rapidly expanding NHS. The relationship between the NHS and overseas doctors was tacitly assumed to be one of mutual benefit: overseas doctors did essential work and in return received a good training. No comprehensive study of overseas doctors in Britain was made, however, until 1977. The results of that study?carried out by David Smith for the Policy Studies Institute?were reported last year,2 and they will be discussed at a conference in London this week. That study, looming medical unemployment, and the worries of overseas doctors who want to remain in Britain and yet who do not have career posts have thrust overseas doctors' problems to the fore. There are two main problems, and they are quite different. Firstly, how can Britain contribute in the future to the training of overseas doctors ? Secondly, what will happen to the overseas doctors who want to stay in Britain and yet who do not have career posts ? An emotional debate on these questions is already beginning in the medical press, while the Commons Social Services Committee, the General Medical Council, and the British Medical Association are all looking at various aspects of the problem. Furthermore, the Central Manpower Committee, which has since 1972 advised the Health Departments on staffing in the hospital grades, has to take into account the impact of overseas doctors on NHS manpower planning. These three articles aim at supplying information for the debate and discussing suggested proposals for change. One thing that emerges from studying overseas doctors' problems is that they are in many ways the problems of the whole profession. As a vulnerable group, they have always experienced the worst aspects of manpower, training, and career problems. But their problems today are likely to be those of other groups?particu? larly women doctors?tomorrow.
Histopathological lesions of the liver in hairy cell leukemia: A report of 14 cases
Authors: Marie-Laurence Roquet, Elie-Serge Zafrani, Jean-Pierre Farcet, Félix Reyes, Yvon Pinaudeau
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Pathological lesions of the liver were studied in 14 cases of hairy cell leukemia, a rare hematologic neoplasm involving numerous organs. Tumor infiltration of hepatic parenchyma was observed in all cases. Tumor cells were easily recognized by their cytological features, namely their "halo" appearance consisting of a clear rim of abundant cytoplasm surrounding uniform round or slightly indented nuclei. Portal infiltration was observed in all cases, associated with sinusoidal infiltration in 12 cases. A peculiar change of the sinusoids, i.e., the angiomatous lesions, was noted in 9 of 14 patients. Angiomatous lesions consisted of intralobular cavities without zonal predominance which were lined by tumor cells which replaced the normal sinusoidal wall and were filled with red blood cells and tumor cells. This pattern of involvement is different from hepatic localization of other blood malignancies and is highly suggestive of hairy, cell leukemia. It might reflect the unique phenotype of the tumor cells, which express lymphocytic and monocytic features. The angiomatous lesion strongly mimics peliosis hepatis and could be, as well as in peliosis, the consequence of modification of the sinusoidal barrier. In hairy cell leukemia, sinusoidal wall abnormalities might be secondary to infiltration of the sinusoids by tumor cells.
Effects of dextran 70 on hemodynamics and lung liquid and protein exchange in awake sheep.
Authors: M Arakawa, E H Jerome, K Enzan, M Grady, N C Staub
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We studied the effect of intravenous dextran 70 infusion on lung liquid and protein exchange to determine whether its effects were due to altered hemodynamics or to altered microvascular permeability. In each of six instrumented awake sheep with chronic lung lymph fistulas, we performed three experiments: 1) control, 2) a 30-minute infusion of 1 l of 6% dextran 70, and 3) an infusion of 1 l of 0.9% NaCl. In addition to pulmonary hemodynamics and lymph dynamics, we measured the plasma-to-lung lymph equilibration rate of [125I] albumin. We followed all the sheep for 10 hours, including a 2-hour baseline period. Dextran was more effective in expanding plasma volume (63 +/- 15% [mean +/- SD]) than saline (11 +/- 6%) at the end of the 30-minute infusion. Pulmonary vascular pressures increased after dextran and remained elevated for 8 hours, whereas after saline the pressures returned to baseline within 1 hour. After dextran, lung lymph flow increased and remained elevated. It was only transiently increased after saline. We confirmed that dextran equilibrated rapidly with lung lymph (half-time, less than 0.6 hour), even though it maintained plasma volume expansion for the whole body (half-time, 11.1 +/- 2.7 hours). The dextran increased both plasma and lymph total macromolecular osmotic pressure but did not increase the plasma-interstitial (lymph) osmotic pressure difference in the lung, except transiently during the infusion. The lymph/plasma protein concentration ratio increased after dextran due mainly to plasma protein dilution. There were no differences in the half-time of tracer albumin equilibration between plasma and lung lymph (control, 2.2 +/- 0.6 hours; saline, 2.0 +/- 0.6 hours; dextran, 2.3 +/- 0.6 hours). Dextran 70 increased liquid filtration mainly by increasing microvascular pressure and possibly filtration surface area. There was no evidence for a change in the leakiness of the lung microvascular barrier to albumin.
Caenorhabditis elegans ABL-1 antagonizes p53-mediated germline apoptosis after ionizing irradiation
Authors: Xinzhu Deng, E Randal Hofmann, Alberto Villanueva, Oliver Hobert, Paola Capodieci, Darren R Veach, Xianglei Yin, Luis Campodonico, Athanasios Glekas, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Bayard Clarkson, William G Bornmann, Zvi Fuks, Michael O Hengartner, Richard Kolesnick
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Gastrobiopsy in Cancer of the Stomach
Authors: P. Hermanek
Journal: Endoscopy (1973)

The importance of gastrobiopsy in the diagnosis of stomach cancer is generally accepted. In gastrobiopsies, the diagnosis should be: cancer, or positive cancer diagnosis not possible. False positive diagnoses are exceedingly rare, providing the pathologist is sufficiently experienced. The rate of false negative diagnoses, on the other hand, is between 10 and 25 percent. Step sections at close intervals are essential. A negative gastrobiopsy result is not reliable. It should not delay a laparotomy for final diagnosis and treatment.
McIlroy was here. Or was he?
Authors: C A Pallis, A N Bamji
Journal: BMJ (1979)

It is now over a year since we last heard of Mr McIlroy, and we must presume him dead.With him has passed an era.His brilliant career spanned the entire life of our National Health Service, and it is improbable that we shall ever see the like of him again.In his day he baffled, entertained, fooled, and infuriated the medical and nursing staff of many hospitals.Numerous neurologists must have made his acquaintance, and many physicians from overseas may remember him from difficult hours spent in his company in various British casualty departments.How much Mr McIlroy cost the health services both here and in Eire will remain a matter for conjecture.The sum must run into six, possibly seven figures. Case historyStewart Mcllroy may have been born in County Donegal in 1915.His early life was uneventful.In 1944 he was admitted several times to the City Hospital, Belfast, with a left-knee injury that failed to heal.In 1947 "Convict McIlroy" was transferred from HM Prison, Belfast, to Purdysburn Mental Hospital, where he spent five years before beginning his peregrinations.London attracted him.In 1954 Charing Cross Hospital admitted him with a left pneumothorax, sustained (so he claimed) during the reduction of a dislocated shoulder under local anaesthesia at another London teaching hospital.Later that year neurological symptoms made their appearance.These were dramatic, consisting of recurrent episodes of headache, photophobia, neck stiffness, and left hemiplegia.Subarachnoid haemorrhage was repeatedly diagnosed but never confirmed, numerous lumbar punc- tures yielding clear fluid.Surprisingly, many carotid angiograms were performed, all of them proving normal.Palpation of the skull, on the rare occasions it was carried out, showed the presence of burr- holes.He often demanded large doses of analgesics, and was referred
OPEN BROADCAST TELEVISION IN MEDICAL EDUCATION*
Authors: R. Ll. MEYRIC'K
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article OPEN BROADCAST TELEVISION IN MEDICAL EDUCATION Get access R. Ll. MEYRIC'K R. Ll. MEYRIC'K Television Section, Association for the Study of Medical Education, 80 Torridon Road, London, S.E.6 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 4, 1 October 1970, Pages 498–503, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15086.x Published: 01 October 1970
Phthirus pubis Infestation of the Lashes
Authors: Marilyn C. Kincaid
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Many of the points made by Melvin H. Kirschner, MD (1982;248:428), in his article on<i>Phthirus pubis</i>infestation of the lashes, including the clinical description of the patient, are well taken. I would like to add a few comments. Lindane, or γ-benzene hexachloride, causes eye irritation and is not recommended for use near the eye. In view of recent reports of possible neurotoxicity, this agent should be used cautiously in young children and infants. Dr Kirschner used great caution, but possibly safer alternatives include yellow mercuric oxide 1% ophthalmic ointment and ammoniated mercury 3% ophthalmic ointment. The anticholinesterases, eg, physostigmine, also are available as ophthalmic ointments and can be used. They must be used for at least ten days, since they do not kill the nits, and there is the possibility of cholinergic side effects. The source of the infection does not seem to have been adequately
The effect of ouabain, dinitrophenol, and lithium on the pacemaker current in sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers.
Authors: R S Aronson, J M Gelles
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

We studied the effect of ouabain and other inhibitors of the Na-K pump on the pacemaker current (IK2) in sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers. We found that exposure to ouabain (2 X 10(7) M) caused an apparent decrease in the amplitude of the IK2 activation curve. We also found that a similar effect was caused by exposure to dinitrophenol (DNP) or lithium-substituted Tyrode's solution. Our studies showed that after prolonged (more than 60 minutes) exposure to ouabain a characteristic current noise appeared and IK2 was replaced by an oscillatory inward current (IOS). The apparent threshold for IOS was -50 to -60 mV and the peak amplitude of this current increased with increasing levels of depolarization positive to threshold. These results suggest that (1) the apparent decrease in IK2 may be a consequence of ionic redistribution due to Na-K pump inhibition; (2) cardiac glycosides cause abnormal impulse generation by an ionic mechanism separate from IK2 and involving IOS.