tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Death from the Formation of a Fibrinous Concretion in the Heart
Authors: W. Garstang
Journal: BMJ (1852)

C8 ON FIBRINO'US CONC(RET1ON IN THE HEAIRT, B3) DR.GARSTANG.3rd.The accession of fatal inflammation oin exposure to heat and initetnperanice, as affording a most useful lessoni in regar(d to the extreme caution with wlichl simiiilar cases should be regarded, even long after a successful operation.The whole case also affords higlh encouragemenit to practitioners of the Nil Desperandcnm sclhool, which bid us often to hope against hope, and who directs us not only to be most careful in forming our plans for treat- ment, but also to follow them up when coniviniced they ate right, even under circumstances the iimost discouraging.Chlarnliouth, October 7, 1852.
IMPACT OF LESION MORPHOLOGY AND ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES FOR LEFT MAIN CORONARY STENTING ON ANGIOGRAPHIC OUTCOME AFTER INTERVENTION: SUBANALYSIS OF HEART RESEARCH GROUP OF KANAZAWA, HERZ, STUDY
Authors: Tetsuro Suematsu, Kenji Sakata, Tadatsugu Gamou, Takuya Nakahashi, Masa-aki Kawashiri, Masakazu Yamagishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Wilson's disease with severe hepatic insufficiency: beneficial effects of early administration of D-penicillamine
Authors: F Durand, J Bernuau, E Giostra, G Mentha, D Shouval, C Degott, J P Benhamou, D Valla
Journal: Gut (2001)

Wilson's disease, heralded by severe hepatic insufficiency, is a rare disorder for which emergency liver transplantation is considered to be the only effective therapy.To report the features of Wilson's disease with severe hepatic insufficiency in a series of 17 patients and, during the second period of the study, to assess the efficacy of a policy consisting of early administration of D-penicillamine.Seventeen consecutive patients with Wilson's disease were studied. During the first period of the study (up to 1979), none of the patients received D-penicillamine. During the second period (after 1979), all patients without encephalopathy at admission received D-penicillamine.The four patients observed during the first period who did not have encephalopathy at admission and did not receive D-penicillamine progressed to encephalopathy and died. Among the 13 consecutive patients observed during the second period, two patients with encephalopathy at admission did not receive D-penicillamine and were transplanted. The 11 remaining patients all received D-penicillamine. Ten of these patients survived without the need for transplantation and returned to compensated liver disease without liver insufficiency. In one patient, liver insufficiency progressed and transplantation had to be performed.In most patients with Wilson's disease heralded by severe hepatic insufficiency and without encephalopathy at admission, early administration of D-penicillamine was associated with survival without transplantation. These results suggest the importance of early diagnosis of this form of Wilson's disease before the onset of encephalopathy, and favour early administration of D-penicillamine which could avoid the need for transplantation in most cases.
Grapefruit-Derived Nanovectors Use an Activated Leukocyte Trafficking Pathway to Deliver Therapeutic Agents to Inflammatory Tumor Sites
Authors: Qilong Wang, Yi Ren, Jingyao Mu, Nejat K. Egilmez, Xiaoyin Zhuang, Zhongbin Deng, Lifeng Zhang, Jun Yan, Donald Miller, Huang-Ge Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Inflammation is a hallmark of cancer. Activated immune cells are intrinsically capable of homing to inflammatory sites. Using three inflammatory-driven disease mouse models, we show that grapefruit-derived nanovectors (GNV) coated with inflammatory-related receptor enriched membranes of activated leukocytes (IGNVs) are enhanced for homing to inflammatory tumor tissues. Blocking LFA-1 or CXCR1 and CXCR2 on the IGNVs significantly inhibits IGNV homing to the inflammatory tissue. The therapeutic potential of IGNVs was further demonstrated by enhancing the chemotherapeutic effect as shown by inhibition of tumor growth in two tumor models and inhibiting the inflammatory effects of dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse colitis. The fact that IGNVs are capable of homing to inflammatory tissue and that chemokines are overexpressed in diseased human tissue provides the rationale for using IGNVs to more directly deliver therapeutic agents to inflammatory tumor sites and the rationale for the use of IGNVs as treatment for certain cancers in personalized medicine. Cancer Res; 75(12); 2520–9. ©2015 AACR.
Abstract 5645: Angiogenic activity leads failure of antitumor activity of cixutumumab, an anti-Insulin like growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody.
Authors: Ji-Sun Lee, Ju-Hee Kang, Hye-Jin Boo, Jeffrey N. Myers, Faye M. Johnson, Bonnie S. Glisson, Seoung-Hyun Oh, Ho-Young Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) signaling is dysregulated in many cancers, thus being a target of cancer therapy. Several preclinical trials have reported the efficacy of IGF-1R targeted therapies, mostly using tyrosine kinase inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); however many of clinical trials have shown limited therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we investigated the resistance mechanism to IGF-1R mAb-based therapies using cixutumumab, a fully humanized mAb against IGF-1R. We tested the efficacy of cixutumumab using OSC19 and 686LN head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer orthotopic and H1299 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) xenograft tumor models. We observed that cixutumumab treatment induced either no change or increased tumor growth and decreased the survival duration of the animals bearing those tumors. Treatment with cixutumumab upregulated migration and invasion of HNSCC and NSCLC cells without any effects on cell proliferation. We further examined the effects of cixutumumab on tumor angiogenesis and found that conditioned media from cancer cells treated with cixutumumab increased tube formation and migration of human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). The angiogenic activity of cixutumumab was also confirmed by matrigel plug assay with HNSCC cell lines. Collectively, these data suggest that cixutumumab-induced angiogenesis-stimulating activities and migration and invasion potential of cancer cells are major factors of resistance to IGF-1R mAbs. These data further suggest that inhibitors of angiogenesis are useful strategy to overcome the resistance against the IGF-1R mAb-based therapy. Citation Format: Ji-Sun Lee, Ju-Hee Kang, Hye-Jin Boo, Jeffrey N. Myers, Faye M. Johnson, Bonnie S. Glisson, Seoung-Hyun Oh, Ho-Young Lee. Angiogenic activity leads failure of antitumor activity of cixutumumab, an anti-Insulin like growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5645. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5645
CONSERVATISM IN RAILROAD SURGERY.
Authors: H. HATCH
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The paper I present here contains two merits: 1, its shortness, and 2, a subject that can not be too often brought before surgical bodies, and that is, the saving of injured parts, a subject of great and deep interest to patients suffering from surgical injuries, and also of great importance to every conscientious surgeon. Not a few of us are often confronted with injuries of the upper and lower extremities, where, in order to be sure of the wound healing by first intention, we must remove so much of the injured member that when it is entirely healed it becomes perfectly useless. Injuries such as these we often find as the result of railroad injuries, and we meet them also in planing-mills. Very often by the pulley action upon the distal ends of muscles they are loosened at their insertion, and thereby, if left, in the process of healing
Kinetic Analysis of Lipoproteins-Reply
Authors: Scott M. Grundy
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The multicompartmental analysis of isotope kinetic curves of VLDL TGs, according to the method of Zech et al,<sup>1</sup>provides a value for FCR of VLDL TG. The transport rate (production rate) of VLDL TG is obtained by multiplying the FCR by the total plasma pool of VLDL TG. All interpretations about pathogenic mechanisms must be based on the FCR and transport rate of VLDL TG. We observed that patients with type 5 HLP had very low FCR of VLDL TG and a very high transport rate. They consequently had very high plasma levels of VLDL TG. Another group of patients with less severe hypertriglyceridemia (type 4 HLP) had a very high transport rate of VLDL TG and a relatively normal FCR. These individuals were called "overproducers" of VLDL TG. Another group with type 4 HLP had very low FCRs and normal transport rates. They were said to
Indoor Air Quality in Homes of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Liesl M. Osman, J. Graham Douglas, Carole Garden, Karen Reglitz, Janice Lyon, Sue Gordon, Jon G. Ayres
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Outdoor air quality is associated with respiratory morbidity and mortality. Less is known of the relationship of indoor air quality to respiratory health of groups vulnerable to outdoor air, such as those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).To investigate among patients with COPD the association of health status with indoor air quality in their homes.Observational study of indoor environmental characteristics of homes of 148 patients with severe COPD in North East Scotland.Airborne living room levels of particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 microm or less (PM(2.5)) (microg/m(3)) were measured over 8 to 14 hours using DustTrak monitors. Nitrogen dioxide exposure (ppb) in living rooms was measured over 1 week. Endotoxin (EU [endotoxin units]/mg) in living room dust was measured. Health status of participants was assessed by the St. George's Respiratory Health Questionnaire (symptoms, activity limitation, and disease impact). The mean age of participants was 69 years. Approximately 45% were male, 39% were smokers, and 49% lived in smoking households. Average indoor PM(2.5) levels were 18 mug/m(3), nitrogen dioxide was 7.8 ppb, and endotoxin levels were 95.8 EU/mg of dust. PM(2.5) was significantly higher in smoking households (P < 0.001) and was associated with higher levels of endotoxin and NO(2). PM(2.5) was significantly associated with increased symptom burden (P < 0.01), with greater effect for current smokers. Endotoxin and nitrogen dioxide exposure were not related to health status.Higher levels of PM(2.5) are associated with worse health status of these patients with severe COPD. Indoor levels of PM(2.5) are significantly higher in homes with smokers.
Iodine-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy: A noninvasive method to demonstrate myocardial adrenergic nervous system disintegrity in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Joachim Schofer, Rolf Spielmann, Andreas Schuchert, Kirsten Weber, Michael Schlüter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Rural Health Work in India
Authors: Maria Selvanayagam
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

INDIA is a country of villages. In the whole of India there are 750,000 villages where nearly 80 per cent of the people live. These villages generally are far from the highway, and the roads leading to them are mainly of dirt and become almost impassable during the rainy season. Sanitary facilities are of the most primitive character and as a result intestinal parasites and enteric diseases are common. There is inadequate medical help in the villages — 1 doctor for every 6000 people and 1 nurse for every 43,000 people. Not all the villages have schools for their children, . . .
Microbial investigation in ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: M. Ioanas, R. Ferrer, J. Angrill, M. Ferrer, A. Torres
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious infectious condition in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, currently related to a high mortality rate. Therefore, this complication of mechanical ventilation requires a prompt diagnosis and adequate antibiotic treatment. The detection of the causative organism is imperative for guiding an appropriate therapy as there is strong evidence of the adverse effect of inadequate empirical treatment on outcome. The major difficulty of the microbial investigation is to obtain the sample from the lower respiratory tract, mainly because of the potential contamination with upper airways flora, which may result in a misinterpretation of the cultures. Microbial investigation in VAP is based on the culture of samples obtained from lower respiratory tract by noninvasive or invasive methods. The most common techniques of sampling are the endotracheal aspirate (ETA), which is considered a noninvasive method, the protected specimen brush (PSB) and the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), both being invasive methods of investigation. The latter were designed as an attempt to avoid the colonizing flora of the upper airways. The best of these diagnostic approaches is still controversial. In terms of outcome, there is strong evidence that the impact of both invasive and noninvasive methods seems to be similar. In terms of cost, however, the endotracheal aspirate is less expensive compared to BAL or PSB. On the other hand, invasive methods could be particularly beneficial in patients who are not responding to the initial empirical antibiotic treatment. The rationale for the quantitative culture of the respiratory samples is to differentiate between infection and colonization of lower airways, because the bacterial colonization is a frequent event in mechanically ventilated patients. The thresholds currently employed for the diagnosis of the pneumonia are the following: ETA samples, ≥10 5 –10 6 colony forming units (cfu)·mL −1 ; PSB samples, ≥10 3 cfu·mL −1 ; and BAL samples, ≥10 4 cfu·mL −1 . Intending to provide a practical approach to the issue, the present manuscript reviews the available noninvasive (blood culture, endotracheal aspirate) and invasive (protected specimen brush, bronchoalveolar lavage, blinded methods and lung biopsy) techniques used for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Letter: Neonatal-strength ampoules of nalorphine.
Authors: D G Davidson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

colleagues that routine pelvimetry should be performed only postpartum or after a caesarean section, difficult forceps delivery, or perinatal death.Is it not possible that if we had known about that nasty pelvis before we would not have traumatised or killed the baby delivering it vaginally but have made the correct decision to deliver it abdominally?Surely for a risk of only 1 in 30 000 it is well worth while having this extra piece of information with WMhich to program our personal computer.
Crash Injuries: The Integrated Medical Aspects of Automobile Injuries and Deaths
Authors: Dorothy E. Kremen
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The first victim of a motor vehicle accident in the United States was killed in 1899; the millionth death occurred in 1951. Today, over 100 persons are killed daily in automobile accidents. The special medical and engineering problems involved in treating crash injuries are brought together in this book. By the use of human engineering and automotive engineering, cars can be made safer. By the use of proper emergency and medical treatment, accident victims can be returned to normal functioning within a reasonable time. The types of injuries inflicted in accidents are caused in great part by the automobile itself. Detailed descriptions and numerous illustrations of many types of trauma and methods of treatment are presented. Individual chapters are devoted to "human salvage" and management of chest, head, lung, heart, abdominal, urologic, spinal, and orthopedic trauma. The author concludes with a program for ending the waste of human lives on
Infection in Bone-Marrow Recipients
Authors: DREW J. WINSTON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1979Infection in Bone-Marrow RecipientsDREW J. WINSTON, M.D., WINSTON G. HO, M.D., ROBERT PETER GALE, M.D., PH.D.DREW J. WINSTON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WINSTON G. HO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT PETER GALE, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-4-715_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Buckner and his colleagues from the Seattle Marrow Transplant Team in their article in the December 1978 issue (1) may have underestimated the importance and effectiveness of oral nonabsorbable antibiotics in their study of protective environments for bone-marrow transplant recipients. As these authors indicate, controlled studies by Schimpff and coworkers have shown that oral nonabsorbable antibiotics alone are as effective as nonabsorbable antibiotics plus laminar air flow isolation in preventing infections in patients with acute leukemia (2). Similarly, our study of prophylactic granulocyte transfusions plus oral nonabsorbable antibiotics versus oral nonabsorbable antibiotics alone in marrow transplant...References1. BUCKNERCLIFTSANDERSMEYERSCOUNTSFAREWELLTHOMAS CRJJGVE THE SEATTLE MARROW TRANSPLANT TEAM: Protective environment for marrow transplant recipients. Ann Intern Med 89:893-901, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar2. SCHIMPFFGREENEYOUNGFORTNERJEPSENCUSACKBLOCKWIERNIK SWVCLNJP: Infection prevention in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Ann Intern Med 82:351-358, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar3. GRAZEFEIGTESLERHOWINSTONSPARKESSARNATERRITOOPELZGOLDECAHANLYDDANEFAHEYCLINEGALE PSAWDRGMGDMNJMR: Bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia: conditioning with cyclophosphamide plus lowdose total-body irradiation, in Experimental Hematology Today, vol. 3, edited by BAUM SJ, LEDNEY G. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1979, in press Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center Los Angeles, CA 90024 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1979Volume 90, Issue 4Page: 715-716KeywordsAir flowAntibioticsBone marrowGranulocytes Issue Published: 1 April 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
A PHILIPPINE FEVER.
Authors: H. D. BLOOMBERGH
Journal: JAMA (1905)

We wish to place on record two cases of an infectious disease, occurring in the Philippine Islands, which is characterized by a remittent fever of short duration and the presence in the blood of a motile hemocytozoon. These cases will be of particular interest to medical officers of the U. S. Army in the Philippines, where yearly numerous cases are recorded in the sick and wounded reports from the various posts as "fever, type undetermined," and this in spite of the fact that careful microscopic examinations are almost universal and that the resources of the Division Hospital laboratory are easily accessible for serum diagnoses. <h3>Case 1.</h3> —J. R., private, First Cavalry, Hospital Corps, U. S. Army, admitted to hospital Aug. 1, 1905. <h3>Family History.</h3> —Father died of diabetes, mother of cerebral hemorrhage. No brothers or sisters. <h3>Personal History.</h3> —Had diseases of childhood. No pneumonia, typhoid, dysentery, malaria or rheumatism. The
Proteasome inhibition induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis
Authors: Akira Anan, Edwina S. Baskin-Bey, Steven F. Bronk, Nathan W. Werneburg, Vijay H. Shah, Gregory J. Gores
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Induction of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) apoptosis attenuates hepatic fibrosis, and, therefore, mechanisms to induce HSC cell death are of therapeutic interest. Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis in transformed cells, especially those cells dependent upon nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation. Because stimulated HSCs also trigger NF-kappaB activation, the aim of this study was to determine if proteasome inhibitors induce HSC apoptosis. The immortalized human HSC line, LX-2, and primary rat HSCs were treated with the proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and MG132. Both proteasome inhibitors induced HSC apoptosis. Proteasome inhibition blocked NF-kappaB activation and, more importantly, NF-kappaB inhibition by Bay11-7082-triggered HSC apoptosis. Activated HSC survival is dependent upon the NF-kappaB target gene A1, an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, as siRNA targeted knockdown of A1-induced HSC apoptosis. In contrast, proteasome inhibition-induced alterations in TRAIL, death receptor 5, and Bim could not be implicated in the apoptotic response. The relevance of these findings was confirmed in the bile-duct-ligated mouse where bortezomib reduced hepatic markers of stellate cell activation and fibrosis. In conclusion, proteasome inhibition is a potential therapeutic strategy for inducing HSC apoptosis and inhibiting liver fibrogenesis.
Inhibition of dendritic cell differentiation and accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer is regulated by S100A9 protein
Authors: Pingyan Cheng, Cesar A. Corzo, Noreen Luetteke, Bin Yu, Srinivas Nagaraj, Marylin M. Bui, Myrna Ortiz, Wolfgang Nacken, Clemens Sorg, Thomas Vogl, Johannes Roth, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2008)

Accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) associated with inhibition of dendritic cell (DC) differentiation is one of the major immunological abnormalities in cancer and leads to suppression of antitumor immune responses. The molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear. We report here that STAT3-inducible up-regulation of the myeloid-related protein S100A9 enhances MDSC production in cancer. Mice lacking this protein mounted potent antitumor immune responses and rejected implanted tumors. This effect was reversed by administration of wild-type MDSCs from tumor-bearing mice to S100A9-null mice. Overexpression of S100A9 in cultured embryonic stem cells or transgenic mice inhibited the differentiation of DCs and macrophages and induced accumulation of MDSCs. This study demonstrates that tumor-induced up-regulation of S100A9 protein is critically important for accumulation of MDSCs and reveals a novel molecular mechanism of immunological abnormalities in cancer.