tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Partial Facial Paralysis in Young Children
Authors: Dick Hoefnagel, J. Kiffin Penry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE purpose of this communication is to report on a form of facial weakness in children, affecting predominantly the muscles normally employed to draw down the lower lip.Among the children referred for evaluation of facial paralysis, it was noted that a number did not show the typical features of either a central or complete peripheral paralysis of the face. The face at rest had no noticeable asymmetry, but on smiling or particularly when the children cried, there was a strikingly characteristic asymmetry of the lower lip. The frontalis muscles contracted well; the eyes closed normally and resisted equally on . . .
APPLICATION OF A LOCALIZED HEMOLYSIN REACTION FOR SPECIFIC DETECTION OF INDIVIDUAL ANTIBODY-FORMING CELLS
Authors: Joseph S. Ingraham, Alain Bussard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

A technique is described which makes it possible to detect individual antibody-forming cells using a localized hemolysis reaction in a thickened culture medium containing sheep erythrocytes and guinea pig complement. This technique has the advantage over single cell isolation in that it is technically feasible to survey large populations in order to detect a very small active fraction. The cells can be observed continuously during the time of antibody release, and it appears that an estimate of the relative antibody-forming activity can be made from the size of the areas of lysis. Experiments with metabolic inhibitors indicate that active synthesis is occurring rather than release of preformed antibody. Some experiments on the detection of antibody other than anti-red cell antibodies are reported. This technique has been applied to a study of the induction period of the primary response of rabbits to sheep red blood cells. The results of this experiment are consistent with an induction period of 2 to 3 days during which there is no increase in the number of active cells in spleen and lymph node reflecting the lag in appearance of detectable serum antibody followed by an abrupt rise of 50- to 100-fold between the 3rd and 5th day. However, the present data are not sufficient to exclude various other mechanisms.
ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS IN ALLERGIC HUMAN TISSUES
Authors: Ben Z. Rappaport
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1960)

Skin sensitizing human antibodies were conjugated with various fluorescent dyes without significant loss in their ability to combine with specific antigen in vitro. A biopsy of the skin site challenged with egg albumin in a patient sensitive to this antigen could be stained specifically by the fluorescent reagins. The epithelial cells of the epidermis, sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands in such a challenged site showed specific staining. In addition to the epithelial cells, the most intense staining was in macrophages and in pericapillary cells. The endothelium of the small blood vessels stained less intensely. Fibrous tissue bundles were specifically stained. The immunologic staining with the conjugated reagins was similar to but more intense than that obtained with conjugated rabbit anti-egg albumin globulins.
Cigarette Abstinence, Nicotine Gum, and Theophylline Disposition
Authors: BELLE L. LEE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

When cigarette smokers with chronic lung disease become acutely ill or require surgery, they are often forced to stop smoking and may use nicotine gum. Smoking is known to accelerate the metabolism of theophylline, but the effects of short-term abstinence or nicotine gum on theophylline metabolism have not been reported. We studied the effects of brief tobacco abstinence and nicotine gum on theophylline elimination in healthy volunteers. Abstinence from smoking for 1 week resulted in a 37.6% decrease in clearance and a 35.8% increase in half-life. Nicotine gum had no effect on theophylline clearance. Our data indicate that at least partial normalization of the enzyme-inducing effects of smoking can be seen after brief cigarette abstinence. For smokers who are taking theophylline chronically, their dose of theophylline will need to be reduced by one fourth to one third after brief tobacco abstinence. Plasma concentration monitoring may be necessary for optimal dosing of theophylline in such patients.
An autosomal dominant locus, Nka, mapping to the Ly-49 region of a rat natural killer (NK) gene complex, controls NK cell lysis of allogeneic lymphocytes.
Authors: E Dissen, J C Ryan, W E Seaman, S Fossum
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Natural Killer (NK) cells can recognize and kill MHC-incompatible normal bone marrow-derived cells. Presently characterized MHC-binding receptors on NK cells, including the Ly-49 family in the mouse, transmit inhibitory signals upon binding to cognate class I MHC ligands. Here we study in vivo NK-mediated lysis of normal allogeneic lymphocytes in crosses between alloreactivity-competent PVG rats and alloreactivity-deficient DA rats. NK cells from both strains are able to lyse standard tumor targets. We identify an autosomal dominant locus, Nka, that controls NK-mediated alloreactivity. Individuals carrying the dominant PVG allele in single dose were fully competent in eliminating allogeneic target cells, suggesting that Nka encodes or regulates a gene product inducing or activating alloreactivity. By linkage analysis and pulsed field gel electrophoresis, a natural killer gene complex (NKC) on rat chromosome 4 is described that contains the rat NKR-P1 and Ly-49 multigene families plus a rat NKG2D homologue. Nka maps within the NKC, together with the most telomeric Ly-49 family members, but separate from NKG2D and the NKR-P1 family. The Nka-encoded response, moreover, correlates with the expression of transcripts for Ly-49 receptors in NK cell populations, as Northern blot analysis demonstrated low expression of Ly-49 genes in DA NK cells, in contrast to high expression in alloreactivity-competent PVG, (DA X PVG)F1, and PVG.1AVI NK cells. The low Ly-49 expression in DA is not induced by MHC haplotype, as demonstrated by high expression of Ly-49 in the DA MHC-congenic PVG.1AVI strain. Finally, we have cloned and characterized the first four members of the rat Ly-49 gene family. Their cytoplasmic domains demonstrate substantial heterogeneity, consistent with the hypothesis that different Ly-49 family members may subserve different signaling functions.
Review of new evidence regarding the relationship of gasoline exposure to kidney cancer and leukemia.
Authors: P E Enterline
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Four new or updated epidemiologic studies were presented at a meeting on the health effects of gasoline exposure held in Miami, Florida, November 5-8, 1991. A focus of these studies was whether there is a relationship between gasoline exposure and kidney cancer and leukemia. For gasoline distribution workers, who have a relatively high exposure, there was some evidence for a kidney cancer relationship in three studies but none in the fourth. There was evidence for an acute myelocytic leukemia relationship in three studies. The fourth study dealt only with kidney cancer. It is possible that the benzene content of gasoline was responsible for the leukemia findings. It is uncertain whether gasoline exposure is a cause of kidney cancer.
Book Review Ethical Dilemmas in Cancer Care Edited by Basil A. Stoll. 134 pp. Basingstoke, United Kingdom, Macmillan Press, 1989. $25. Medicine, Medical Ethics and the Value of Life Edited by Peter Byrne. 162 pp. New York, John Wiley, 1990. $27.50.
Authors: Jeffrey Spike
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)
Abstract 5228: Characterization of miR-21 as a potential circulating biomarker for osteosarcoma
Authors: Manjula Nakka, Yiting Li, Colin McGee, Ching Lau, Tsz Kwong Man
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that are implicated in various important biological processes by regulation of gene expression. Aberrant miRNA expression is suggested to be associated with various human disorders including cancer. In this study, we studied if miRNAs can be used as biomarkers in osteosarcoma (OS). OS is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. Despite the use of surgery and multi-agent chemotherapy, OS patients who respond poorly towards chemotherapy or develop relapses have a dismal outcome. Thus, it is of clinical significance if a biomarker approach can be developed to monitor tumor burden and detect early relapses in the patients, so that they can be treated as early as possible to improve the survival. To achieve this goal, we performed miRNA profiling on a cohort of OS plasma samples collected from the Texas Children's Hospital. miR-21 and other miRNAs were identified to be elevated in OS patients relative to a group of healthy controls. Circulating miR-21 has been detected in other types of cancer and in the tumor it is known to negatively regulate tumor suppressor genes involved in proliferation, apoptosis and invasion; however, its role in OS is still unclear. Hence, we first validated that miR-21 was elevated in a set of independent osteosarcoma plasma samples but not in the control samples. Using serial plasma samples from a group of patients, we found that the circulating miR-21 level was lower in the posttreatment plasma samples than in the pretreatment samples. These results suggest that circulating miR-21 may correlate with tumor burden of the patients. In addition, miR-21 was expressed in many OS tumors as detected by in situ hybridization on an OS tissue microarray. When tested on two OS cell lines, miR-21was significantly increased in the culture media between 24 and 48 hours after plating in a cell number dependent manner, suggesting that miR-21 could be released from the tumor cells. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-21 is expressed in OS and its level in plasma may reflect tumor burden in OS patients. Citation Format: Manjula Nakka, Yiting Li, Colin McGee, Ching Lau, Tsz Kwong Man. Characterization of miR-21 as a potential circulating biomarker for osteosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5228. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5228
Endocrine Pathology in Translational Medicine: An Overview of Current and Future Prospects
Authors: Robert Yoshiyuki Osamura, Nobue Kumaki, Hiroshi Kajiwara, Noboru Egashira, Syunsuke Miyai, Susumu Takekoshi, Masanori Yasuda, Shinobu Umemura
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2003)
BIVALIRUDIN FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEPARIN-INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA: A 9 YEAR, 461 PATIENT EXPERIENCE
Authors: Lee Joseph, Ana Casanegra, Manoj Dhariwal, Martin Adam Smith, Manjunath Raju, Michael Militelo, Marcelo Gomes, Heather Gornik, John Bartholomew
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Lipoxin (LX)A4 and Aspirin-triggered 15-epi-LXA4 Inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor 1α–initiated Neutrophil Responses and Trafficking: Regulators of a Cytokine–Chemokine Axis
Authors: Mohamed Hachicha, Marc Pouliot, Nicos A. Petasis, Charles N. Serhan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

The impact of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and aspirin-triggered lipoxins (ATLs) was investigated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α–initiated neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) responses in vitro and in vivo using metabolically stable LX analogues. At concentrations as low as 1–10 nM, the LXA4 and ATL analogues each inhibited TNF-α–stimulated superoxide anion generation and IL-1β release by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. These LXA4-ATL actions were time and concentration dependent and proved selective for TNF-α, as these responses were not altered with either GM-CSF– or zymosan-stimulated cells. TNF-α–induced IL-1β gene expression was also regulated by both anti-LXA4 receptor antibodies and LXA4-ATL analogues. In murine air pouches, 15R/S-methyl-LXA4 dramatically inhibited TNF-α–stimulated leukocyte trafficking, as well as the appearance of both macrophage inflammatory peptide 2 and IL-1β, while concomitantly stimulating IL-4 in pouch exudates. Together, these results indicate that both LXA4 and ATL regulate TNF-α–directed neutrophil actions in vitro and in vivo and stimulate IL-4 in exudates, playing a pivotal role in immune responses.
Mechanism of asbestos-mediated DNA damage: role of heme and heme proteins.
Authors: Q Rahman, N Mahmood, S G Khan, J M Arif, M Athar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Several observations, including studies from this laboratory, demonstrate that asbestos generates free radicals in the biological system that may play a role in the manifestation of asbestos-related cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity. It has also been demonstrated that iron associated with asbestos plays an important role in the asbestos-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species. Exposure to asbestos leads to degradation of heme proteins such as cytochrome P450-releasing heme in cytosol. Our simulation experiments in the presence of heme show that such asbestos-released heme may increase lipid peroxidation and can cause DNA damage. Further, heme and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) can cause extensive DNA damage in the presence of asbestos and hydrogen peroxide/organic peroxide/hydroperoxides. HRP catalyzes oxidation reactions in a manner similar to that of prostaglandin H synthetase. Iron released from asbestos is only partially responsible for DNA damage. However, our studies indicate that DNA damage mediated by asbestos in vivo may be caused by a combination of effects such as the release and participation of iron, heme, and heme moiety of prostaglandin H synthetase in free radical generation from peroxides and hydroperoxides.
Suppression of endothelin-1-induced cardiac myocyte hypertrophy by PPAR agonists: role of diacylglycerol kinase zeta
Authors: Yingsu Huang, Haining Zhang, Zongjun Shao, Kimberley A. O'Hara, Melanie A. Kopilas, Liping Yu, Thomas Netticadan, Hope D. Anderson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

AimsLigand activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) prevents cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, but the underlying signalling mechanisms remain unknown. We previously reported that the anti-hypertrophic effect of the dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), was associated with the upregulation of diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (DGK). DGK catalyses phosphorylative conversion/attenuation of DAG, thereby modulating protein kinase C (PKC) and G-protein signalling. As the anti-hypertrophic effects of CLA were attenuated by inhibitors of PPARs, the present aim was to investigate the involvement of DGK in the anti-hypertrophic actions of bona fide selective PPAR agonists.
Apoptosis is a natural stimulus of IL6R shedding and contributes to the proinflammatory trans-signaling function of neutrophils
Authors: Athena Chalaris, Björn Rabe, Krzysztof Paliga, Hans Lange, Tamas Laskay, Ceri A. Fielding, Simon A. Jones, Stefan Rose-John, Jürgen Scheller
Journal: Blood (2007)
THE NATIONALITY OF GRAVES
Authors: Daniel T. Sheehan
Journal: JAMA (1918)

discusses our present methods of estimating the wholesome- ness and value of grades of milk.It seems to me that this editorial does not express the views of the enlightened med- ical profession.It makes the statement, "We are forced to admit today that bacteria per se do not necessarily render the milk unfit for human consumption," and later, "there is very little connection between the amount of germ life in milk and the healthfulness of milk."It emphasizes this point of view by stating that the consumer has little interest in the germ content of milk except for a limited number of
Colorado Tick Fever or Ehrlichiosis-Reply
Authors: Daniel B. Fishbein
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We agree with Dr Ellison that there are clinical similarities between human ehrlichiosis and CTF. Indeed, we recently examined the serum of a Canadian patient suspected of having ehrlichiosis who showed no detectable antibodies to<i>Ehrlichia</i><i>canis</i>but who had a rising titer against CTF virus. We regret that the quantity of acute and convalescent serum available from our six patients prevented us from testing our patients' serum against a larger number of antigens. There are, however, a number of differences between CTF and the illness that we described. The geographic distribution is different, Dr Ellison's caveats notwithstanding. The incubation period of CTF is usually three to six days,<sup>1</sup>while that of ehrlichiosis appears to be between one and three weeks. None of our patients had a biphasic illness. In six patients we described and in all but one of ten patients we have subsequently identified, fevers
Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Welton M. Gersony
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis characterized by mucosal inflammation, rash, cervical adenopathy, indurative edema of the hands and feet, and late membranous desquamation of the fingertips. Early cardiac effects include myocarditis (occasionally with congestive heart failure), pericardial inflammation, and, rarely, valve involvement. Coronary artery aneurysms are a long-term concern because coronary thrombosis with myocardial infarction can be a late manifestation. The origin of Kawasaki disease is unknown, but an infectious agent is most likely. Management consists of aspirin for control of fever and inflammatory manifestations and intravenous gamma globulin for the prevention of coronary aneurysm formation. Careful late follow-up is required, especially for patients with persistent coronary abnormalities. Giant aneurysms (&gt;8 mm) are more likely to progress to coronary obstructive disease, and coronary bypass grafts have been required for some patients. Late coronary artery manifestations in patients with mild early coronary dilatation have not been described. However, since long-term epidemiologic studies have not yet been performed, it is prudent to consider childhood Kawasaki disease to be a potential risk factor for coronary disease, especially in atherosclerosis-prone Western societies. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:2699-2703)
TCT-575 Comparison of clinical outcomes and safety of first and second-generation DES in women and men [Katowice-Zabrze Registry on first and second generation DES]
Authors: Wojciech M. Wanha, Damian Kawecki, Beata Ochala, Tomasz Roleder, Beata Morawiec, Janusz Dola, Aleksandra Pluta, Kamil Marcinkiewicz, Grzegorz A. Smolka, Andrzej J. Ochala, Michal Tendera, Wojciech Wojakowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 2932: Role of P53 in the negative regulatory function of PIAS3 with STAT3 in lung cancer
Authors: Snehal Dabir, Amy Kluge, Afshin Dowlati
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Constitutive activation of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 (STAT3) and p53 mutations both play an important role in lung cancer pathogenesis. We have demonstrated a negative inhibitory role of Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT3 (PIAS3) in STAT3 signaling (Kluge et al 2009 and Dabir et al. 2009) in lung cancer. Recent data suggests that p53 plays a role in oncogenic STAT3 signaling. We sought to determine the biochemical interaction between PIAS3, STAT3 and p53 at both protein and DNA levels in p53 wild-type (A549 and H1666), mutant (Calu1) and p53 null (H358) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines. We demonstrate that PIAS3 binds to STAT3 under Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) stimulation in p53 WT cell lines but not so significantly in p53 mutant cell lines. ChIP studies with PIAS3 antibody showed p53/PIAS3 binding to DNA under EGF stimulation. We observed in vivo binding of PIAS3 to the promoter region of RNSP1 (target of p53) in A549 (p53 WT) cells by Promoter Tiling Array. Our initial data suggests that PIAS3 negative regulatory effect on STAT3 is more prominent in p53 WT cells. Indeed, transfection of WT cells with a PIAS3 construct results in a significant decrease in STAT3 transcriptional activity in all cells but more significantly in WT cells. Knockdown of p53 using sh-p53 lentivirus construct tagged with GFP in p53 WT cells shows that it partially negates the effects of PIAS3 on STAT3 suggesting at least a partial requirement of WT p53 for full PIAS3 effects on STAT3 signaling. However our data suggests that PIAS3 induces apoptosis as demonstrated by TUNEL assay and changes of Bcl2 family members irrespective of p53 status suggesting that its growth inhibitory effects are p53 independent. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2932. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2932
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SYNTAX SCORE II IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTION
Authors: Slayman Nabih Obeid, Antonio H. Frangieh, Milosz Jaguszewski, François Mach, Nicolas Rodondi, Pierre Vogt, Marco Roffi, Stephan Windecker, Christian Matter, Fabian Nietlispach, Roland Klingenberg, Thomas F. Lüscher
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
ULTRASOUND MOLECULAR IMAGING OF THROMBOSIS USING AN ACTIVATED PLATELET TARGETED MICROBUBBLES IN AN ARACHIDONIC ACID MOUSE MODEL
Authors: Juefei Wu, Jianping Bin, Weilan Wu, Li Yang, Ying Liu, Dongdong Chen, Meiyu Li, Jianguo Bin, Ye Yuan, Yili Liu, Cardiovascular Division, Nanfang Hospital
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Progress in Liver Diseases
Authors: Robert J. Stein
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Since the appearance of volume 1 of<i>Progress in Liver Diseases</i>some four years ago, great advances have been made in the field of experimental and applied hepatology. Volume 2 reflects these forward steps. Advances have been made in the understanding of the mechanisms of bile metabolism and transport and also of bile secretion. A superb, although encyclopedic, presentation of the ultrastructure of the liver and detailed description of viral hepatitis is given by J. W. Steiner et al. Geographic and genetic pathology are also included in this volume. For the first time, a detailed presentation is given of the ultrastructural and functional relationships in hepatic drug detoxification. An excellent and thorough presentation by Kent, on iron storage diseases and the liver, is also included. The editors should be congratulated on accepting for publication certain controversial topics such as fibrosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and cholestasis. This volume is well balanced.