tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plastic Endoprostheses versus Metal Stents in the Palliative Treatment of Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction. A Prospective and Randomized Trial
Authors: H. J. Wagner, K. Knyrim, N. Vakil, K. J. Klose
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

This prospective and randomized trial sought to compare large-bore plastic endoprostheses (14 French) and self-expanding metal stents (24 French) in the palliative treatment of obstructive jaundice due to biliary hilar malignancies. Twenty patients with Type II-IV (Bismuth classification) hilar obstruction were randomized to treatment with either plastic or metal stents. Both treatment groups were well matched with regard to all assessed clinical criteria before stenting. Stent placement was uniformly successful in the metal group and in 88.9 % of the plastic group. Early stent failure (< 30 days) occurred in two patients of the plastic stent group. Long-term (< 30 days), stent failure was observed in 50 % of the plastic group and 18.2 % of the metal stent group. All differences were not statistically significant. The number of re-interventions required to manage stent-related problems proved to be significantly higher in the plastic group (2.4 ± 2.6) compared to the metal group (0.4 ± 0.5). Hospitalization for treatment of stent complications was also significantly higher in the plastic treatment group. The costs calculated for stents and hospital stay for required re-interventions were therefore higher in the plastic stent group. In conclusion, metal stent insertion for palliation of hilar malignancies does not only offer higher success rates and higher patency rates compared to plastic stent insertion, but is also cost-effective since patients require fewer re-interventions.
The Doctor in Literature: Satisfaction or Resentment?
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2005)

M ost of us would rather dispense with the services of doctors, dentists, lawyers, and grave diggers and prefer to meet them only in plays, movies, and books. Solomon Posen of Sydney University provides one such opportunity with The Doctor in Literature . In his reading he has roamed widely, from Plato and Pliny to Osler and Proust and even to authors published as late as 2004. He has screened the vast literature at his disposal and found heroes, crooks, and criminals. Many of his selections are culled from the days when full time salaries were few and doctors had to collect their fees directly from their patients. Some of these descriptions should disabuse doctors discontented with present day arrangements of the notion that the past was an unalloyed golden era for the practice of medicine.

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Solomon Posen

Radcliffe, £29.95, pp 304 ISBN 1 85775 609 6

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Throughout the book Posen illustrates the persistence of an irrational dislike of doctors, dating from classical times and based largely on “a deep resentment of powerful experts with their semi-secret knowledge, who promise results but …

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Abstract 2346: The expression of ASPP2 and its new isoform delta-ASPP2 in HCC
Authors: Ying Shi, Kai Liu, Huiguo Ding, Fudong Lv, Charles Lopez, Ning Li, Dexi Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Although full-length ASPP2 is necessary to stimulate p53-dependent apoptosis efficiently, the precise mechanisms and cell contexts that enable this function remain to be clarified. In recent study, we found a new ASPP2 isoform (ΔN-ASPP2) may play an important role in regulating the ASPP2-p53 axis. The present study was undertaken to investigate the expression of isoform of ASPP2 in liver tumor and it would be a domain negative regulation of ASPP2 and would be prognostic significance in HCC. Experimental Design: 120 HCC tissues and same amount of nonneoplastic liver tissues were analyzed for ASPP2 alone and ASPP2 plus ΔN-ASPP2 mRNA expression by real-time RT-PCR. The ΔN-ASPP2 mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR with ΔN-ASPP2 specific forward primers. ASPP2 plus ΔN-ASPP2 P53 downstream effectors of the apoptotic and cell cycle arrest pathway (BAX and P21) were studied in 100 HCC specimens. Results: The expression of ASPP2 and ΔN-ASPP2 mRNA levels were highly variable in HCC tissues. There was no association between the ASPP2/ ΔN-ASPP2 mRNA level and the p53 status. Expression of full length ASPP2 in pairs were detected in 62 HCC and its adjacent tissue.ASPP2-full mRNA level is significant lower in HCC than that in the tumor surrounding tissue (P=0.0159). Expressions of ΔN-ASPP2 mRNA, ASPP2-total (ASPP2, ΔN-ASPP2 and 53BP2), BAX and P21 in pairs were compared between 72 of HCC and their adjacent tissue. The results showed that ΔN-ASPP2 mRNA (P=0.0435) is significantly higher and ASPP2-total (P=0.0212), BAX (P=0.0057) and P21 (P=0.002) are significantly lower in HCC than that in adjacent tissue. CONCLUSIONS: The high level ΔASPP2 which is in contrast to ASPP2 function and low level ASPP2-full which is a p53 activator in HCC would play an important role in tumor development and tumor senescence. Citation Format: Ying Shi, Kai Liu, Huiguo Ding, Fudong Lv, Charles Lopez, Ning Li, Dexi Chen. The expression of ASPP2 and its new isoform delta-ASPP2 in HCC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2346. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2346
894 HLA-E-RESTRICTED RECOGNITION OF A HCV- DERIVED PEPTIDE BY HUMAN CD8(+) CYTOLYTIC T LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: D. Schulte, B. Kraemer, C. Koerner, M. Michalk, H.D. Nischalke, T. Sauerbruch, U. Spengler, J. Nattermann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Atrial Septal Defect: An Investigation into the Natural History of a Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Milton Holiday Paul
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This monograph presents a comprehensive survey of the medical and surgical literature on various forms of atrial septal defect. The embryology, pathology, and physiology are considered briefly, and then an extensive and detailed analysis of two groups of cases is presented. The first group is composed of 190 autopsy cases compiled from the literature (1811 to 1958), and is presented primarily with respect to incidence, prognosis, cause of death, and autopsy findings. The second group, consisting of 132 consecutive cases of atrial septal defects studied by the author, provides the basis for a detailed clinical and physiological presentation, with additional information concerning the effect of the lesions on the growth and physical development of the patients. The presentation is lengthy in relation to the material discussed, but the monograph represents a valuable reference source for the physician with specialized interest in congenital heart disease. The authors' findings agree with those
Hedgehog and Foxes
Authors: Howard B. Burchell
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drug Use in a Black Ghetto
Authors: WENDELL R. LIPSCOMB
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The findings of this relatively bias-free interview study of 92 ghetto youths in a work training program suggest that "normal" drug use in the ghetto is more comparable to nonghetto drug use than has previously been believed. Also, studies that suggest high ghetto rates of heroin use where marijuana use is high (or at least culturally accepted without sanction) may be specifying small, specific population sectors rather than the ghetto as a whole.
Experimental Dissection of Media of Aorta by Pressure
Authors: Albert E. Hirst, Varner J. Johns
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

The pressure required to produce intramural dissection was determined by injection of water into the media of strips of aorta obtained at postmortem examination. The mean pressure required reached a maximum in the second and third decades and decreased gradually thereafter. No differences in the pressure required was noted when comparisons were made by race, sex, different segments of the aorta, different strata of the media, or in the region of atherosclerotic lesions. Pregnancy (postpartum state) did not decrease the resistance in two instances. A slight increase in the pressure required was observed in the aortas of patients with hypertensive disease, and a marked increase was encountered in the presence of syphilitic aortitis. The resistance of the aorta in spontaneously occurring dissecting aneurysm was variable; one case had a normal resistance while the other was impaired. The authors postulate that a solitary focus of medial degeneration strategically located is an adequate stimulus for dissection. Subsequently, rupture of vasa vasorum into this weakened area results in a rapidly expanding bleb. The pressure required to produce further enlargement of the bleb will vary inversely with its diameter, thus tending to extend the dissection. This mechanism may explain the frequent finding of an histologically normal aorta in random sections from cases with extensive intramural dissection.
The artist's eye.
Authors: W O Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1972)

FIG. 1-Sonogram.Transverse B-scan 2 cm below umbilicus.12 10 2 -8 0' a-k 2 0 lb 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 Weeks of qestation FIG.2-Patient's human placental lactogen levels (normal range + 2 S.D. also shown).The arrow refers to time of delivery.vated levels of 'human placental lactogen might have been due to the tumour itself and that the fall was due to interference with the blood supply by the increasing pressure of .polyhydramnios.This decline in placental function may have contributed to the onset of premature labour.-Weare, etc.,
Emergency liver transplantation for fulminant liver failure in infants and children
Authors: Denis Devictor, Laurence Desplanques, Dominique Debray, Yves Ozier, Anne-Marie Dubousset, Jacques Valayer, Didier Houssin, Olivier Bernard, Gilbert Huault
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

We report our results with orthotopic liver transplantation in children with fulminant liver failure. Thirty-five children with fulminant liver failure were evaluated for liver transplantation. The main causes of liver failure were viral hepatitis (54.2%), drug-induced liver injury (14.2%) and Wilson's disease (11.4%). Children were considered as candidates for liver transplantation only if hepatic encephalopathy was associated with a decrease in the level of factor V to below 25%. Seven children (20%) did not meet this criterion and recovered spontaneously. Six children (17.1%) had contraindications for liver transplantation and died. In three of these six children, contraindications included irreversible brain damage at the time of admission. Twenty-two children (62.8%) met the criteria for liver transplantation and were placed on the emergency transplant list. Three of them died awaiting grafts. Nineteen children underwent liver transplantation; 13 of them (68.4%) are alive without sequelae, after 6 mo to 4 yr of follow-up, at this writing. Four of the children who died after surgery had severe encephalopathy on admission that did not improve after liver transplantation. In conclusion, emergency liver transplantation appears to be an effective treatment for children with fulminant liver failure. Nevertheless, irreversible brain damage developed in 10 patients, and they died before or after surgery. We postulate that many of these deaths could have been avoided if children had been transferred to a liver transplantation facility and had undergone transplantation earlier. We emphasize that children with acute liver failure should be transferred to a center that performs liver transplantation before the development of hepatic encephalopathy.
Abdominal ultrasound findings mimicking hematological malignancies in a study of 218 gaucher patients
Authors: Orit Neudorfer, Irith Hadas-Halpern, Deborah Elstein, Ayala Abrahamov, Ari Zimran
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Gaucher disease, the most prevalent sphingolipidosis, generally presents with splenomegaly, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Hence, hematologists are often the specialists involved in diagnosis and management of these patients. We present ultrasonographic characteristics in a cohort of 218 consecutive Gaucher patients evaluated in our clinic during the past 5 years. Our data emphasize the high prevalence of lesions mimicking hematological malignancies in Gaucher disease. One fifth of 184 non-splenectomized patients had intra-splenic lesions, 6% of all patients had similar lesions in the liver, and 32% of 34 splenectomized patients (but none of the other patients) had marked retroperitoneal or peri-portal lymphadenopathy. The presence of splenic lesions correlated with age and splenic size, but not with extent of bone involvement or genotype. Interestingly, they were not affected by reduction in splenomegaly following enzyme replacement therapy. The importance of these findings is to include Gaucher disease in the differential diagnosis of splenic or hepatic lesions, especially in Ashkenazi Jews. Conversely, they are relevant for follow-up of all Gaucher patients, including asymptomatic individuals, because of the reported increased incidence of hematological malignancies in Gaucher disease. Am. J. Hematol. 55:28-34, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
On Viewing <i>The Anatomy Lesson</i>
Authors: Phillip J. Cozzi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Ad Libitum15 June 1992On Viewing The Anatomy LessonPhillip J. Cozzi, MDPhillip J. Cozzi, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-12-1031_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWhen I see the men with wigs,pallid faces, slender hands and nosesgaze with only intellect upon the dead,their learning tool, their hands-on lab,some look blankly into the chestwhere others probe with long instrumentsgaining best exposure for the backrow of the auditorium and retractthe meat of the mediastinum,Puritans robed for turkey dinner,one dead Indian ripe for stuffing,When I see their keen indifferenceI see my own face among them,cutting nose and guilty eyes,expressionless.Please God lift my painted handto wipe the long dried blood from his side... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1992Volume 116, Issue 12_Part_1Page: 1031-1031KeywordsBloodMeatThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 June 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Vascular Inflammation in Obesity and Sleep Apnea
Authors: Sanja Jelic, David J. Lederer, Tessa Adams, Margherita Padeletti, Paolo C. Colombo, Phillip H. Factor, Thierry H. Le Jemtel
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Unrecognized obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent in obesity. Both obesity and OSA are associated with vascular endothelial inflammation and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. We investigated directly whether the endothelial alterations that are attributed commonly to obesity are in fact related to OSA. Methods and Results— Seventy-one subjects with a body mass index ranging from normal to obese underwent attended polysomnography. To assess vascular inflammation and oxidative stress directly, we quantified the expression of nuclear factor-κB and nitrotyrosine by immunofluorescence in freshly harvested venous endothelial cells. To evaluate basal endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production and activity, we quantified the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and phosphorylated eNOS. Vascular reactivity was measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. Expression of eNOS and phosphorylated eNOS and flow-mediated dilation were significantly lower, whereas expression of nitrotyrosine was significantly greater in OSA patients (n=38) than in OSA-free subjects (n=33) regardless of central adiposity. Expression of nuclear factor-κB was greater in obese OSA patients than in obese OSA-free subjects ( P =0.004). Protein expression and flow-mediated dilation were not significantly affected by increasing body mass index or central obesity in OSA patients and in OSA-free subjects. After 4 weeks of continuous positive airway pressure therapy, flow-mediated dilation and expression of eNOS and phosphorylated eNOS significantly increased whereas expression of nitrotyrosine and nuclear factor-κB significantly decreased in OSA patients who adhered to continuous positive airway pressure ≥4 hours daily. Conclusions— Untreated OSA rather than obesity is a major determinant of vascular endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and elevated oxidative stress in obese patients.
On a Method of Detecting Small Quantities of Sugar in Urine
Authors: J. Seegen
Journal: BMJ (1872)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.469 were obstinately costive for some days, and the saline aperient ordered by me the night previously had no effect.She complained that her stomach was so sick that she could take no medicine, and it was from first to last extremely difficult to induce her to take any.I got her to take some small doses of hydrargyrum cum cretaf and bis- muth that day, and ordered a warm linseed-poultice over the abdo- men.In the evening, she felt herself better ; the bowel was slightly moved; and when I visited her, I found that, contrary to my wishes, she had risen from bed and dressed herself.The jaundice, however, was in no way diminished.She took a powder containing ten grains of
Environment and Obesity in the National Children’s Study
Authors: Leonardo Trasande, Chris Cronk, Maureen Durkin, Marianne Weiss, Dale A. Schoeller, Elizabeth A. Gall, Jeanne B. Hewitt, Aaron L. Carrel, Philip J. Landrigan, Matthew W. Gillman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

ObjectiveIn this review we describe the approach taken by the National Children's Study (NCS), a 21-year prospective study of 100,000 American children, to understanding the role of environmental factors in the development of obesity.Data sources and extractionWe review the literature with regard to the two core hypotheses in the NCS that relate to environmental origins of obesity and describe strategies that will be used to test each hypothesis.Data synthesisAlthough it is clear that obesity in an individual results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, control of the obesity epidemic will require understanding of factors in the modern built environment and chemical exposures that may have the capacity to disrupt the link between energy intake and expenditure. The NCS is the largest prospective birth cohort study ever undertaken in the United States that is explicitly designed to seek information on the environmental causes of pediatric disease.ConclusionsThrough its embrace of the life-course approach to epidemiology, the NCS will be able to study the origins of obesity from preconception through late adolescence, including factors ranging from genetic inheritance to individual behaviors to the social, built, and natural environment and chemical exposures. It will have sufficient statistical power to examine interactions among these multiple influences, including gene–environment and gene–obesity interactions. A major secondary benefit will derive from the banking of specimens for future analysis.
Do Bicycle Helmets Protect, and Should They Be Mandatory?
Authors: Jim Bayliss
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —As a long-time bicyclist, I feel that the recent articles on bicycle helmets and head injuries promote a 1-dimensional view of bicycling as a cause of injury.<sup>1,2</sup>Also, it is likely the articles will be used as ammunition to promote harsh and punitive mandatory bicycle helmet laws. These articles do not acknowledge the public health, environmental, and economic benefits resulting from bicycling, the importance of bicycles as a mode of transportation, and the harm that results from reduced numbers of bicyclists when use of bicycle helmets is mandatory. Every injury or death is tragic. However, for every bicycle-related death, there are more than 40 automobilerelated deaths and most of the bicycle-related deaths are caused by collisions with motor vehicles. Similarly, in Texas it has been shown that bicycling causes only about 2% of reported traumatic brain injuries.<sup>3</sup>Based on reduced injuries and fatalities, there is
A genome-wide association study identifies two susceptibility loci for duodenal ulcer in the Japanese population
Authors: Chizu Tanikawa, Yuji Urabe, Keitaro Matsuo, Michiaki Kubo, Atsushi Takahashi, Hidemi Ito, Kazuo Tajima, Naoyuki Kamatani, Yusuke Nakamura, Koichi Matsuda
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis — A New Look at an Old Entity
Authors: Sanjeev Sethi, Fernando C. Fervenza
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

This review discusses the causes, pathogenesis, and clinical management of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, which accounts for 7 to 10% of biopsy-confirmed glomerulonephritis cases. Current classification reflects advances in the understanding of this condition.
939-80 Quantitative Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Estimation of Ischemic and Non-ischemic Myocardial Mass and its Relation to the Mass of Dysfunctional LV Myocardium During Coronary Occlusion
Authors: Alain Delabays, Lissa Sugeng, Oi-Ling Cao, Giuseppina Magni, Steven Schwartz, Natesa Pandian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Further studies on the perfusion method for measuring intestinal absorption in man: The effects of a proximal occlusive balloon and a mixing segment
Authors: G. E. Sladen, A. M. Dawson
Journal: Gut (1970)

The reliability and accuracy of the two-lumen tube perfusion method for measuring intestinal absorption in man has been assessed by the use of a proximal occlusive balloon in nine normal volunteers. Luminal occlusion significantly reduced the variability of individual glucose and water absorption rates, and reduced the variability of triplicate marker concentrations within individual studies. Mean absorption rates of glucose, water, sodium, and chloride were not significantly affected by luminal occlusion. Absorption rates obtained with the triple-lumen tube method were rather more variable both within and between individuals, but a statistical comparison of the accuracy of the two methods could not be made. These results are discussed in relation to the contribution of endogenous gut secretion and proximal reflux of infused fluid to the variability of absorption rates obtained by the perfusion technique.