tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Syndrome Variables at Low Levels in Childhood Are Beneficially Associated With Adulthood Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Wei Chen, Sathanur R. Srinivasan, Shengxu Li, Jihua Xu, Gerald S. Berenson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Most epidemiologic studies have focused on the adverse impact of the metabolic syndrome on cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, information on the relationship between the clustering of metabolic syndrome variables at favorable levels in childhood and the measures of CV risk in adulthood is not known.The study cohort included 1,474 individuals (552 blacks and 922 whites) who were examined for CV risk factors in childhood (aged 4-17 years) and again in adulthood (aged 19-41 years) in Bogalusa, Louisiana, during 1982-2003, with an average follow-up period of 15.8 years.In childhood, 9.0% of the cohort displayed clustering of three- or four-criterion risk variables at the bottom quartiles of BMI, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio. The clustering was significantly higher than expected by chance alone (P < 0.01). These children, compared with those having clustering of less than three risk variables at the bottom quartiles, had a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adulthood (clustering at top quartiles) (3.8 vs. 14.6%, P < 0.001). A higher prevalence of clustering of risk variables at low levels in childhood was associated with negative parental histories of coronary heart disease (9.4 vs. 5.0%, P = 0.024) and hypertension (10.5 vs. 6.6%, P = 0.012). Mean values of carotid intima-media thickness in adulthood decreased with an increasing number of risk variables clustering at the bottom quartiles in childhood (P for trend = 0.013).The constellation of metabolic syndrome variables at low levels in childhood is associated with lower measures of CV risk in adulthood.
Don't forget angio-oedema associated with ACE inhibition
Authors: D. Zauli
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Fitzharris and Jordan report that angio-oedema occurs in 0.1-0.7% of all patients taking angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.1 In 2002 my coworkers and I evaluated the prevalence of angio-oedema in patients in our …
Monitoring the bioenergetics of cardiac allograft rejection using in vivo P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Robert C. Canby, William T. Evanochko, Leslie V. Barrett, James K. Kirklin, David C. McGiffin, Ted T. Sakai, Michael E. Brown, Robert E. Foster, Russell C. Reeves, Gerald M. Pohost
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Comparison of olfactory function in patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis
Authors: B. Moll, L. Klimek, G. Eggers, W. Mann
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Hyposmia is a common symptom in allergic rhinitis. However, little is known about differences in the olfactory function of patients with seasonal or perennial allergy. A prospective controlled study was performed on 28 patients with allergic rhinitis to grass pollen and on 47 patients with allergic rhinitis to mites. Sixty‐six healthy volunteers served as a control. Olfactory function was evaluated by a modified Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center testing procedure for threshold, identification, and discrimination. The grass pollen‐allergic patients were tested prcseasonally and after 3 weeks of intraseasonal grass pollen exposure: the mite‐allergic patients and the volunteers were tested once. In the mite allergies, olfactory threshold, identification, and discrimination tests were significantly worse than in the volunteers (all P&lt;0.0001). In the grass pollen allergies, the results in olfactory identification and discrimination tests were not different from the controls if tested out of the season (both F&gt;0.05). However, in threshold testing (P=0.0139), the results were worse. Intraseasonally, the grass pollen allergies showed a significant decrease in threshold, identification (both P&lt;0.001), and discrimination testing (P=0.0()29). If the intraseasonal pollen allergies were compared to the mite allergies, they showed better results in identification (F=0.(X)87) and threshold (F&lt;0.001) tests, but worse results m discrimination testing (P=0.(XM)2). Therefore, the different kind of allergen exposure seems to result in a different pattern of allergic olfactory dysfunction.
Complicated questions—difficult answers
Authors: Jane Smith
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Complicated questionsdifficult answersScientific thinking gives a special place to simple solutions and explanations, but getting to those solutions is often messy.This week's journal offers a rich crop of complicated questions-and even more complicated answers.Take, for example, the question of how many patients bring MRSA with them when they are admitted to hospital?In their study of admissions to Oxfordshire hospitals over seven years David Wyllie and colleagues found that a quarter of cases of MRSA bacteraemia occur in patients who have just arrived from the community, that this proportion is increasing, and that MRSA on admission is strongly associated with previous hospital contact (p 992).They suggest that surveillance for MRSA infection needs to take account of these cases that arrive from the community but seem to be associated with previous health care, a suggestion endorsed by Georgia Duckworth and Andre Charlett in their editorial (p 976).But David Speigelhalter has a caution for surveillance systems-or rather for the governments that set targets based on them.He illustrates how changes in rates of infection within hospitals are hard to measure because of chance variability and regression to the mean (p 1013).What this means is that at hospital level a change in rates may not accurately reflect a change in underlying risk, and vice versa.Government action comes more seriously under attack in two articles on orphan drugs.On p 1016 Christopher McCabe and colleagues demolish the arguments for treating the cost effectiveness of orphan drugs differently from that of other drugs.They conclude that to treat them differently amounts to valuing the health gain of two individuals differently because one has a rare and one a common disease.Orphan status is likely to become more common as diseases become separated into genetically distinct conditions-and with it the burden on healthcare costs.That impact on costs is illustrated by Amanda Burls and colleagues (p 1019), who describe how health commissioners in the West Midlands decided not to fund enzyme replacement therapy for lysosomal storage disorders because it was poorly cost effective.The Department of Health then decided to move commissioning for these diseases to national level.The national advisory group has allowed the treatment-but without providing a budget.West Midlands thus now has to fund a treatment it had decided not to and "important services cannot be commissioned."The authors argue that this "fudge" is neither efficient nor fair.It is, however, a result of the refusal by British governments to recognise the need to ration-and support fair ways of doing so.Clearly governments don't like facing up to what Edward Wilson describes in his letter on funding trastuzumab (p 1023) as these "terrible decisions."
Abstract 3103: Transducin β-like protein 1 promotes cancer cell invasion by recruiting nuclear factor-κB to target gene promoter for transcriptional activation
Authors: Sivakumar Ramadoss, Jiong Li, Xiangming Ding, Cun-Yu Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background and Purpose: Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling controls a wide range of cellular functions such as tumor progression and invasion by inducing gene expression. Although significant progress has been made in understanding NF-κB-mediated gene transactivation, little is known about how NF-κB is recruited to its target gene promoters. Therefore the purpose of the study is to determine the role of transducin β-like protein 1 (TBL1) in the recruitment of NF-κB to target gene promoter. Methods:TBL1 knock down breast and squamous cell carcinoma cells were used to asses the significance of TBL1 depletion on NF-κB recruitment to target gene promoter and its consequence on the invasion of cancer cells. Results: Our results revealed that transducin β-like protein 1 (TBL1) controlled the expression of NF-κB target genes by directly binding with NF-κB and facilitating its recruitment to target gene promoters. TNF-α stimulation triggered the formation of NF-κB and TBL1 complex and subsequent target gene promoter binding. Knock-down of TBL1 impaired the recruitments of NF-κB to its target gene promotes. Interestingly, the mRNA microarray studies available from Oncomine revealed that TBL1 expression levels were higher in invasive breast cancer tissues than in breast adenocarcinoma. Consistently, TBL1 knockdown significantly reduced the invasive potential of breast cancer cells by inhibiting NF-κB. Conclusions: Our results unravel a new mechanism for the regulation of NF-κB activation, with important implications in the development of novel strategies for cancer therapy by targeting NF-κB. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3103. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3103
A Novel SV40 TAg Transgenic Model of Asbestos-Induced Mesothelioma: Malignant Transformation Is Dose Dependent
Authors: Cleo Robinson, Ivonne van Bruggen, Amanda Segal, Melissa Dunham, Amanda Sherwood, Frank Koentgen, Bruce W.S. Robinson, Richard A. Lake
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Although it has been clear for &amp;gt;40 years that mesothelioma can be caused by asbestos, not all patients with this disease have a history of asbestos exposure. Other factors, including non-asbestos fibers and ionizing radiation, are known to cause malignant transformation of mesothelial cells. In addition, it is likely that genetics will play some role in susceptibility. Recently, it has been suggested that SV40 viral oncogenes could contribute to the carcinogenicity of asbestos. To better understand the role of SV40, we used the mesothelin promoter to construct MexTAg mice that express SV40 large T antigen (TAg) in the mesothelial compartment. We generated four MexTAg lines that carry high, intermediate, and low copy numbers of the transgene. All of these mice show a relatively low level of spontaneous tumor development. High-copy, 299h mice rapidly developed mesotheliomas when exposed to asbestos, and these tumors were faster growing and more invasive than those developing in wild-type and single-copy (266s) mice. In addition, we found a direct relationship between transgene copy number and survival after exposure to asbestos. A single copy of TAg was sufficient to immortalize mesothelial cells in vitro, but these cells did not show evidence of malignant transformation. In contrast, cell lines developed from mesothelial cells of animals carrying multiple copies of TAg were growth factor independent and could be cloned at limiting dilution in soft agar. These data provide the first in vivo demonstration of co-carcinogenicity between SV40 and asbestos. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(22): 10786-94)
Confidentiality in Psychiatric Screening for Security Clearance
Authors: PHILIP SOLOMON, SUSAN T. KLEEMAN, WILLIAM J. CURRAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

Confidentiality is only partial in psychiatric examinations for security clearance. The applicant for clearance accepts this limitation because he wants clearance. The government protects the applicant's privacy as much as possible within the bounds of safety. The psychiatrist acts as a specialist who serves both, divulging only what is necessary.
Clinical Trial Acronyms
Authors: Tsung O. Cheng
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters4 December 2001Clinical Trial AcronymsTsung O. Cheng, MDTsung O. Cheng, MDGeorge Washington University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20037Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-11-200112040-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read Berkwits's article on acronyms (1) and would like to make a few comments. First, Berkwits cited my recent article in the American Heart Journal(2) as his reference 1, referring to “a recent review [that] identified more than 2000 named trials as of 1998.” However, it should be noted that the list in my article contained acronyms of cardiologic trials only and did not contain acronyms of all clinical trials. Second, in his Table 2, “Proposed Trial Name Categories and Examples,” Berkwits failed to mention MONICA. This trial, whose full name is MONItoring trends and determinants ...References1. Berkwits M. CAPTURE! SHOCK! EXCITE! Clinical Trial Acronyms and the “Branding” of Clinical Research. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:755-62. [PMID: 0011074930] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Cheng TO. Acronyms of clinical trials in cardiology—1998. Am Heart J. 1999;137:726-65. [PMID: 0010097237] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Cheng TO. Cardiosource is a good source for definition of trial acronyms [Letter]. Am J Cardiol. 2001;87:1437. [PMID: 11417539] MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Tsung O. Cheng, MDAffiliations: George Washington University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20037 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCAPTURE! SHOCK! EXCITE! Clinical Trial Acronyms and the “Branding” of Clinical Research Michael Berkwits Clinical Trial Acronyms Michael Berkwits Clinical Trial Acronyms Paul I. Roda Metrics Cited byAcrimonious acronymania 4 December 2001Volume 135, Issue 11Page: 1005KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesClinical trialsGlobal healthHeart ePublished: 4 December 2001 Issue Published: 4 December 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Sensual-Imaginative Training Methods for Students of Medicine
Authors: A. Drees, I. Schwarz
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

A specific lecture course for medical students is described which elucidates the interactions of the role of initial doctor-patient and student-patient interviews in cases where psychotherapy is to be applied to the treatment of psychosomatic illnesses. The ultimate goal of this living-learning-based teaching system is to allow the student to experience and evolve a concept of the role of the doctor with respect to the patient. The teaching system is structured in the frame of Balint groups [Balint, 1975]. Emphasis is placed on describing how medical students undergo an emotional awareness training program, to enable them to function and develop their new role as a doctor with reduced fear. We report about a specific setting in Balint groups, in which mood, physical sensation and fantasy work are made into the center point of the group process.
Investigation of the expression of the extracellular matrix glycoproteins tenascin and fibronectin during acne vulgaris
Authors: H.E. KNAGGS, A.M. LAYTON, C. MORRIS, E.J. WOOD, U.B. HOLLAND, W.J. CUNLIFFH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Investigation of the expression of the extracellular matrix glycoproteins tenascin and fibronectin during acne vulgaris Get access H.E. KNAGGS, H.E. KNAGGS Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, U‐eds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.M. LAYTON, A.M. LAYTON Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, U‐eds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. MORRIS, C. MORRIS Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, U‐eds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.J. WOOD, E.J. WOOD Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U.B. HOLLAND, U.B. HOLLAND Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, U‐eds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. CUNLIFFH W.J. CUNLIFFH Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, U‐eds LSI 3EX, U.K. Dr W.J. Cunlifre. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 5, 1 May 1994, Pages 576–582, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb13102.x Published: 01 May 1994 Article history Accepted: 21 September 1993 Published: 01 May 1994
Assessment of Pulmonary Neutrophilic Inflammation in Emphysema by Quantitative Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Deepak R. Subramanian, Lee Jenkins, Ross Edgar, Nabil Quraishi, Robert A. Stockley, David G. Parr
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Rationale: Neutrophilic inflammation is understood to be of pathogenetic importance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may be quantified using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (18FDG PET-CT) as a noninvasive, spatially informative biomarker.Objectives: To assess the potential usefulness of 18FDG PET-CT as a surrogate measure of pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation in patients with usual COPD and α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD).Methods: 18FDG PET-CT imaging was performed in 10 patients with usual COPD, 10 patients with AATD, and 10 healthy control subjects. Pulmonary 18FDG uptake was estimated by three-dimensional Patlak graphical analysis as an indicator of pulmonary neutrophilic glycolytic activity. Patients with AATD were treated with 12 weekly intravenous infusions of AAT augmentation therapy before repeat imaging. 18FDG uptake, lung physiology, lung density, and systemic markers of inflammation were compared for all groups at baseline and, in patients with AATD, at baseline and on treatment.Measurements and Main Results: 18FDG uptake in the upper lung of patients with usual COPD was greater compared with the healthy control group (P = 0.009) and correlated with measures of disease severity (FEV1% predicted, r = −0.848, P = 0.001; FEV1/FVC, r = −0.918, P < 0.001; Kco% predicted, r = −0.624, P = 0.027; 15th percentile point, r = −0.709, P = 0.011). No significant difference was observed between measurements at baseline and on treatment in patients with AATD.Conclusions: Quantitative 18FDG PET-CT has a potential role as an imaging biomarker in mechanistic and interventional studies in patients with usual COPD. The data support previous evidence of distinct functional characteristics of neutrophils in COPD.Clinical trial registered with https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/index.html (EudraCT 2007-004869-18).
Attenuation of biological compensatory action of cardiac natriuretic peptide system with aging: utility and limitation of plasma brain natriuretic peptide measurements in the elderly
Authors: Keisuke Kawai, Katsuya Hata, Katsuji Tanaka, Yoshihisa Kubota, Ryuji Inoue, Ichiro Nakayama, Eisaku Masuda, Mitsuhiro Yokoyama, Toshiyuki Miyazaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Notes of a Case of Cystine Calculus Diagnosed before Operation
Authors: F. A. Southam
Journal: BMJ (1876)

distinct-one produced by the left, the other by the right ventricle.Well recognised differences in character between them are recognised.How does Dr. Leared explain these, if the sounds be the product of collision of the blood, and not of tension of the ventricular walls and valves ?4. The first sound undergoes remarkable modifications-(a) in dilata- tion of the ventricles; still more (b) in stenosis of the mitral orifice.It is not weaker, and is indeed often louder, than usual; but it is short and sharp, like the second sound.This is easily explained in the case of dilatation, if the ventricular walls and valves are supposed to be the origin of the sound.An explanation on the hypothesis of collision of moving ventricular and standing aortic blood is requested.5. In dilatation of the ascending aorta, and in aneurism, the aortic second sound is not only louder than in the normal state, but greatly changed in tone.The increased and modified resonance is easily un- derstood, and is, indeed, strikingly suggestive of the change in the walls of the vessel, if the sound result from the tension and vibration of the enlarged area of resonant membrane, but could scarcely be the effect of increase in the size of the column of blood.
Prevention of urinary retention with phenoxybenzamine during epidural morphine.
Authors: S Evron, F Magora, E Sadovsky
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Etude chez 60 malades recevant le meme traitement antalgique: 4 mg de chlorhydrate de morphine, intrarachidien. 30 d'entre eux recoivent per os 4 doses de 10 mg de phenoxybenzamine avant et apres l'introduction de morphine. Les complications de retention d'urine sont reduites ou supprimees dans le groupe recevant la phenoxybenzamine
THE IMPACT OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY ON MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH STEMI UNDERGOING PRIMARY PCI: ANALYSIS FROM THE HORIZONS–AMI TRIAL
Authors: Alexandra J. Lansky, Vivian Ng, Martin Fahy, Jose M. Dizon, Roxana Mehran, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Changes in the pharmacokinetics of glibenclamide in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yuqing Li, Yuhui Wei, Fan Zhang, Dan Wang, Xinan Wu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of glibenclamide (Gli) administrated orally and intravenously to normal and diabetic rats. The AUC(0–720 min) of orally administered Gli in diabetic rats (321.24 mg min/L) was greater than that (57.752 mg min/L) in normal rats. CL (0.019 L/min/kg) was significantly slower than that (0.092 L/min/kg) of normal rats. The AUC(0–480min) of intravenous Gli in diabetic rats (1528.280 mg min/L) also was significantly greater than that (509.523 mg min/L) in normal rats, and CL was decreased approximately 3-fold. No significant difference in intestinal absorption of Gli was observed between normal and diabetic rats as determined by in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion. The clearance of Diclofenac (a substrate of CYP2C9) was determined to evaluate changes in hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in rats. The CL in diabetic rats was significantly lower (42.43% decrease) than that in normal rats. Hepatic protein expression of CYP2C9 was measured using Western blot analysis; compared with normal rats, the hepatic protein expression of CYP2A9 was decreased in diabetic rats. Therefore, the slower clearance of Gli in diabetic rats can be attributed primarily to the lower expression of hepatic CYP2C9.
Remodeling of Multiple Fractures in a Child
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Dr. Boyd: A 10-year-old girl was transferred to the Massachusetts General Hospital 36 hours after the automobile in which she was riding was struck by a tractor-trailer. She had sustained multiple injuries, including fractures through the surgical neck of the left humerus, the pubic ramus, the upper third of the left tibia and fibula, and the shaft of the right femur. These were splinted in the local hospital where she was initially treated. She was observed there until her condition was considered sufficiently stable that she could be transferred safely to the Massachusetts General Hospital. The child was alert on admission. Her chest and abdominal examinations were within normal limits. Her blood pressure, pulse, and respirations were normal. Her hemoglobin was 6.6 gm/100 cc, and her urinalysis was normal. Stool guaiacs were negative. There was no evidence of intraperitoneal bleeding. She complained of tenderness over the right iliac crest. X-ray