tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dangerous misuse of sulphonylureas.
Authors: P Ludman, P Mason, G F Joplin
Journal: BMJ (1986)

pneumonia after pilocarpine toxicity but declaring that there was no evidence as to where, when, or how the drug had been administered.The Department of Health and Social Security has highlighted the ease of access to most hospitals5 and in 1982 asked health authorities to review their procedures for keeping equipment, stock, and premises secure and to develop a security strategy.There are no reports of hospital security in the United Kingdom, but the topic is occasionally aired in the United States.For example, Coiling outlined incidents of rape, robbery, kidnapping, assault, and even homicide, which were occurring with increasing frequency on hospital campuses.6He emphasised that a well organised security programme was essential for the provision of excellent patient care.As food containers travel up to a third of a mile from the kitchen area to wards in West Park Hospital it was clear that tighter security was necessary.All the food containers are now sealed either with a plastic heat sealed bond or within a polythene bag sealed with a ratchet tag.The trolleys are also sealed around the body and doors.Food stores and ward larders are locked.Unauthorised access to any kitchen area, including those in the wards themselves, is prohibited; patients are not allowed in these areas.The capital cost of providing equipment to ensure the security of food was £43 000, with an annual cost of £3 500.The practice of sometimes using one minim of eye drops to treat both eyes was curtailed, thus improving the accuracy of ward pharmacy records.As a coincidental safeguard food prepared in the hospital kitchen is sampled.These samples are frozen and retained for five days.This action was a consequence of the outbreak of food poisoning at the Stanley Royd Hospital near Wakefield.'We acknowledge the cooperation of the environmental health officers of Epsom and Ewell Borough Council.We thank
Structured approach to the investigation of anaemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A Doube, M Davis, J G Smith, P J Maddison, A J Collins
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

A group of 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were severely anaemic were investigated for iron deficiency. On the basis of bone marrow studies, the patients were divided into two groups, those with and those without signs of stainable iron in the marrow. This grouping did not distinguish between the severity of their rheumatoid arthritis measured by clinical parameters. Measurement of the red cell count and biochemical parameters in the peripheral blood showed a statistical difference in red cell size, haemoglobin content, and iron binding capacity between the two groups. The statistical variation of these parameters, however, did not allow these measurements to predict bone marrow iron deficiency in any subject. Investigation of the upper gastrointestinal tract by endoscopy showed that acute macroscopic lesions were infrequently associated with anaemia. It was concluded that anaemia in association with rheumatoid arthritis may mimic iron deficiency anaemia, and that simple investigations of the peripheral blood do not accurately show the iron status of the reticuloendothelial system in the presence of a chronic inflammatory disease. For the investigation of severe anaemia in rheumatoid arthritis, bone marrow assessment of iron status should be performed as the initial investigation. In addition, iron deficient patients require investigation of the lower and the upper gastrointestinal tract.
ON PREVALENT THERAPEUTIC INCONSISTENCIES IN MEDICAL PRACTICE, ILLUSTRATED IN CURRENT MEDICAL LITERATURE AND IN CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.Read in the Medical Section of the Michigan State Medical Society, May 5, 1892.
Authors: N. S. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1892)

To gain a correct knowledge of the morbid processes capable of taking place in the human body and the laws by which they are governed, on the one hand, and an equally correct knowledge of the action of remedial agents, on the other, are the two great leading objects of every thoughtful and conscientious physician. Without the first, he is incapable of seeing clearly what he needs to accomplish in the treatment of any given morbid condition or disease; and without the second, he is equally in doubt as to the particular remedy best adapted to the accomplishment of the changes desired; and in consequence he is obliged to prescribe empyrically such remedies as are recommended by his teachers or authors. For instance, if he regards any given case of fever as simply increase of heat or pyrexia as its chief pathological element, without any definite knowledge as to whether
Of Health Care, Hospitals and SST's
Authors: John Gordon Freymann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

IF the existing solution to a problem is inadequate, the characteristic American response is to build a bigger, more elaborate version of the same thing. The supersonic transport plane (SST) is an example of this "more-of-the-same" approach. Our greatest transportation problem is moving vast numbers of people about metropolitan areas with economy, efficiency, comfort and safety, and without polluting the environment. Instead of putting its priority here, the nation may spend billions to move a small fraction of the population from coast to coast in three hours instead of five.The nation is pouring over a billion dollars of capital . . .
Abstract 4042: Selective inhibition of unfolded protein response induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.
Authors: Wenwen Chien, Qiaoyang Sun, Su Lin Lim, Ana D S M Varela, Haibo Sun, Sigal Gery, H Phillip Koeffler
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with the proliferation of pancreatic tumor cells resulting from unfolded proteins. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a signaling pathway activated to protect, restore, and aid cells in coping with ER stress. The direct correlation between pancreatic tumor cells and elevated UPR makes the many regulatory molecules of the pathway (e.g. IRE-1) critical targets for therapeutic approaches. The objective of our study was to assess potential therapeutic efficacy of inhibitors of UPR in pancreatic cancers and investigate the mechanisms underlying IRE-1 inhibitor-mediated pancreatic cancer apoptosis. Fourteen pancreatic cancer cell lines and one normal pancreatic epithelial cell line were studied. STF-083010 is a specific inhibitor of IRE-1, which is required for the splicing of XBP-1 mRNA. Spliced XBP-1 mRNA codes for a transcription factor that enhances transcription of chaperone proteins which reverse UPR. MTT assays showed a dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition of 8 pancreatic cancer cell lines by STF-083010, with IC50s ranging between 200 nM to 10 uM. Growth inhibition was also noted using a clonogenic growth assay in soft agar. Annexin V and cell cycle analysis showed that STF-083010 caused growth arrest at the G1 phase in 4 cell lines and induced cell apoptosis in 4 cell lines. Western blot analysis showed cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP, and the induction of the apoptotic molecule Bax. In addition, synergistic effects were found between STF-083010 and either gemcitabine or bortezomib. Our data suggest that an IRE-1 inhibitor is a novel therapeutic approach for treatment of pancreatic cancers. Citation Format: Wenwen Chien, Qiaoyang Sun, Su Lin Lim, Ana D S M Varela, Haibo Sun, Sigal Gery, H Phillip Koeffler. Selective inhibition of unfolded protein response induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4042. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4042
Repair of Inguinal Hernia vs Watchful Waiting—Reply
Authors: Olga Jonasson, Robert J. Fitzgibbons
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Allogeneic Transplantation Versus Chemotherapy as Postremission Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Prospective Matched Pairs Analysis
Authors: Matthias Stelljes, Utz Krug, Dietrich W. Beelen, Jan Braess, Maria C. Sauerland, Achim Heinecke, Sandra Ligges, Tim Sauer, Petra Tschanter, Gabriela B. Thoennissen, Björna Berning, Hans J. Kolb, Albrecht Reichle, Ernst Holler, Rainer Schwerdtfeger, Renate Arnold, Christoph Scheid, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Bernhard J. Woermann, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Thomas Büchner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

The majority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who achieve complete remission (CR) relapse with conventional postremission chemotherapy. Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (alloSCT) might improve survival at the expense of increased toxicity. It remains unknown for which patients alloSCT is preferable.We compared the outcome of 185 matched pairs of a large multicenter clinical trial (AMLCG99). Patients younger than 60 years who underwent alloSCT in first remission (CR1) were matched to patients who received conventional postremission therapy. The main matching criteria were AML type, cytogenetic risk group, patient age, and time in first CR.In the overall pairwise compared AML population, the projected 7-year overall survival (OS) rate was 58% for the alloSCT and 46% for the conventional postremission treatment group (P = .037; log-rank test). Relapse-free survival (RFS) was 52% in the alloSCT group compared with 33% in the control group (P < .001). OS was significantly better for alloSCT in patient subgroups with nonfavorable chromosomal aberrations, patients older than 45 years, and patients with secondary AML or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. For the entire patient cohort, postremission therapy was an independent factor for OS (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.89 for alloSCT v conventional chemotherapy), among age, cytogenetics, and bone marrow blasts after the first induction cycle.AlloSCT is the most potent postremission therapy for AML and is particularly active for patients 45 to 59 years of age and/or those with high-risk cytogenetics.
1278 URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID COUNTERACTS LIPOTOXICITY AND INDUCES UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS
Authors: M. Mueller, H.-U. Marschall, T. Claudel, M. Wagner, P. Fickert, C. Lackner, C. Einarsson, A. Thorell, M. Trauner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Comparison of 2011 and 2007 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Guidelines for Predicting Mortality and Hospitalization
Authors: Ane Johannessen, Roy M. Nilsen, Michael Storebø, Amund Gulsvik, Tomas Eagan, Per Bakke
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

The GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) 2011 update on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) bases disease classification on level of dyspnea, exacerbation history, and FEV1, whereas the previous GOLD categorized disease severity according to FEV1 only. Information on how the new classification predicts long-term hospitalizations and mortality is limited.To examine how GOLD 2011 predicts hospitalizations and mortality over an 8-year period and to assess differences in predictive ability between GOLD 2011 and GOLD 2007.In the GenKOLS study, 912 patients with COPD (FEV1/FVC < 0.7 and FEV1 < 80% predicted) aged 40 to 91 years were clinically examined. Patients answered questionnaires and performed lung function testing in 2003-2005. The population was followed for 8 years regarding hospitalizations (all-cause, respiratory) and mortality (all-cause, respiratory, cardiovascular). We performed logistic regression and receiver operating curve analyses for GOLD 2007 and GOLD 2011 with estimations of area under the curve (AUC) to compare the different classifications.Twenty percent of patients were classified as GOLD 2011 group A (mild), 30% as group B, 6% group as C, and 44% as group D (very severe). Patients in GOLD 2011 group D had odds ratios of 4.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5-6.7), 9.6 (95% CI, 3.4-27.0), and 3.0 (95% CI, 0.7-13.2) relative to group A for all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality, respectively, and 3.8 (95% CI, 2.4-5.9) and 13.0 (95% CI, 6.6-25.6) for all-cause and respiratory hospitalizations, respectively. Associations were similar also for GOLD 2007. The adjusted AUC values for GOLD 2011 and GOLD 2007 were 0.82/0.82 for respiratory mortality (P = 0.87) and 0.77/0.76 for respiratory hospitalizations (P = 0.51).The predictive ability of GOLD 2011 did not differ significantly from GOLD 2007 in terms of hospitalizations and mortality.
Systems Behavior, Feed-back Loops, and High Blood Pressure Research
Authors: LYSLE H. PETERSON
Journal: Circulation Research (1963)

A major challenge to those investigating the etiology and progress of hypertension, as well as of other diseases, results from the fact that the control and regulation of most bodily functions are comprised of multiple feedback loops involving many bodily "systems." Thus, mechanisms which seem to offer clues as to the etiology of an abnormality, when investigated as an isolated function, fail to explain the etiology when sought in the intact experimental animal or patient. Examples of simple closed-loop systems are described to illustrate the effects of feed-back. A simplified diagram of several factors known to play a role in the control and regulation of the characteristies of the blood vessel wall is described to illustrate the multiplicity of the feed-back pattern which probably occurs. Furthermore, it is evident that almost none of the factors which constitute the loops have been evaluated sufficiently to permit characterization of the system. It is not surprising that apparently promising clues turn out to be disappointing and to become lost in the system. The medical investigator must learn to deal with methods of analyzing systems containing multiple factors and functions as well as to characterize the properties and behavior of the parts of the system.
Points from Letters: Non-specific Backache
Authors: C. Harley
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Analyzer.The conditions remained identical apart from increased concentration of indicator enzymes.3Normal ranges were determined for each system on blood drawn from healthy volunteers.The results are given in the Table .The range for asparate amino- transferase was much narrower with the LKB instrument, the upper limit of normal falling by 8 units.This was due to the standard deviation being virtually halved, since the mean was similar to the previous value.Instrument No.
ON THE LOCAL ABSTRACTION OF BLOOD IN THE ARTHROSES OF THE EXTREMITIES.
Authors: THOMAS H. MANLEY
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In a considereble number of joint lesions of the extremities dependent on trauma or various pathologic conditions, our resources are often taxed in an endeavor not only to relieve our patient as promptly as possible, but also to restore the full functional use of the limb. It is our aim, further, in our management of the case to be quite certain, whatever we do, not to leave a condition possibly worse than what we find. Of late years the shibboleth has been "<i>rest, rest</i>," immobilization and fixation, or the free and almost indiscriminate employment of the scalpel. Rest, or the support of an injured joint is indispensable in a considerable number, but as the panacea some would have us believe, it is a fallacy. By surgical operations, the aid of anesthetics and aseptics very many limbs and lives have been saved which formerly were lost, though even here every unbiased
Surgically Induced Right Bundle-Branch Block with Left Anterior Hemiblock
Authors: GRACE S. WOLFF, THOMAS W. ROWLAND, R. CURTIS ELLISON
Journal: Circulation (1972)

A review of the electrocardiograms of 291 patients who survived more than 1 month after complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot disclosed that 24 (8.2%) developed a pattern of right bundle-branch block and left anterior hemiblock (RBBB-LAH) following surgery. When the course of these 24 patients was compared with a control group of 100 additional patients who did not develop this pattern following surgery, a significant increase in morbidity and mortality was noted. Complete heart block developed at some time in the follow-up period in 41.7% of the RBBB-LAH group and in 4% of the control group. The incidence of serious ventricular arrhythmias was 16.7% for the RBBB-LAH group and 1% for the control group. Sudden death occurred in 12.5% of the patients with RBBB-LAH and in 2% of the controls. At the time of this review (1-12 years following surgery) overall late mortality was 25% for the RBBB-LAH group and 2% for the control group. The study indicates that serious complications are much more frequent in tetralogy of Fallot patients who acquire the RBBB-LAH pattern during surgical repair. Prophylactic or therapeutic pacing may be indicated in many of these patients.
Hospital bathrooms and showers: a continuing saga of inadequacy
Authors: A. Monro, G. P Mulley
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

Previous surveys of UK hospitals have highlighted many deficiencies in the standards of hospital inpatient washing and bathing facilities–-especially inadequate access for wheelchair users, insufficient bathing equipment, and unsatisfactory cleanliness and privacy. We conducted a qualitative survey in three hospitals in the North of England to see whether these facilities have improved. There have been some improvements, particularly in the provision of bath hoists, adapted taps, alarm call systems, shower seats and wheelchair access to bathrooms. But many basic problems remain–-absent locks and signs, inadequate heating, poor standards of privacy, insufficient bath aids, wet floors, and the inappropriate use of bathrooms as store rooms. The overall condition of hospital bathrooms and showers remains unsatisfactory. Too many hospital bathrooms are austere, cold, smelly and poorly maintained.
Bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled adenosine 5′-monophosphate in subjects with allergic rhinitis
Authors: L. Prieto, V. Gutiérrez, J. Liñana, J. Marín
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

Adenosine and its related nucleotide, adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) induce bronchoconstriction in asthmatics, probably caused by histamine release from airway mast cells. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inhaled AMP on lung function in subjects with allergic rhinitis. A total of 52 adults (28 subjects with allergic rhinitis, 14 asthmatics and 10 healthy subjects) were challenged with increasing concentrations of AMP and methacholine. Airflow was assessed after each concentration and the response to each bronchoconstrictor agent was measured by the provocative concentration required to produce a 20% fall (PC20) in forced expired volume in one second (FEV1). All 14 asthmatics, 10 subjects with allergic rhinitis and none of the healthy controls were hyperresponsive to AMP. Subjects with allergic rhinitis had higher prevalence of hyperresponsiveness to AMP than healthy controls (p=0.038). Although the prevalence of hyperresponsiveness for methacholine and for AMP in subjects with allergic rhinitis was similar (39% and 36%, respectively), four subjects had hyperresponsiveness to methacholine but not to AMP, whereas three subjects had hyperresponsiveness to AMP but not to methacholine. To conclude, inhaled adenosine 5'-monophosphate causes airway narrowing in a significantly higher proportion of subjects with allergic rhinitis than healthy volunteers. Furthermore, methacholine and adenosine 5'-monophosphate hyperresponsiveness are not detected in the same individuals with allergic rhinitis, thus suggesting that responsiveness to the two bronchoconstrictor stimuli is not reflecting the same abnormalities of the airways.
Guanethidine in Pacemaker-Induced Parasystole
Authors: Martin S. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A formidable problem following pacemaker implantation for atrioventricular (A-V) block has been the postoperative reemergence of indigenous sinus pacemaker activity with subsequent parasystole and risk of ventricular fibrillation.<sup>1,2</sup>The present case illustrates how a pharmacologic approach was used to overcome this situation. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> An 85-year-old woman was referred to the Universisity of Chicago Hospitals for recurrent Stoke-Adams attacks of two years' duration. On admission she was found to have a complete A-V block with a ventricular rate of 36 boats per minute. A transvenous pacemaker (Medtronic model 5A-60W) was implanted and set to pace at a rate of 70 beats per minute. On the fifth postoperative day, sinus rate was 80 to 90 beats per minute and parasystole developed (Figure). This persisted for four days. Because of its bradycardiac properties, guanethidine (Ismelin) was given orally in an attempt to slow the sinus rate
The Anesthesia Machine
Authors: Ronald M. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This is the premier edition of a book about anesthesia equipment. It must be compared with the current standard in the field,<i>Understanding Anesthesia Equipment</i>, by Susan and Jerry Dorsch. The strengths of the newer book are that it is three years more recent, possesses superior illustrations, and covers topics not addressed by Dorsch and Dorsch. Since 1984, the copyright year of the second edition of<i>Understanding Anesthesia Equipment</i>, liability and quality of care concerns, the passing of the effective date of the recommendations of the American National Standards Institute for anesthesia machines,<sup>1</sup>and the publication of the Harvard monitoring standards<sup>2</sup>have all focused the attention of anesthesia departments and purchasers of medical equipment on monitoring practices and devices, both freestanding and incorporated into the anesthesia machine. I was surprised that Dr Petty did not focus more on some of the new and exciting additions to the anesthesia
Vitamin D deficiency and a CYP27B1-1260 promoter polymorphism are associated with chronic hepatitis C and poor response to interferon-alfa based therapy
Authors: Christian Markus Lange, Jörg Bojunga, Elizabeth Ramos-Lopez, Michael von Wagner, Angela Hassler, Johannes Vermehren, Eva Herrmann, Klaus Badenhoop, Stefan Zeuzem, Christoph Sarrazin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)