tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract A60: Role of telomere dysfunction in the premature cellular senescence of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
Authors: Erica K. Benson, Stuart A. Aaronson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Introduction: Telomere dysfunction promotes genomic instability and is often associated with loss of tumor suppressor gene function and tumorigenesis. Conversely, in aging, telomere dysfunction is hypothesized to mediate cellular senescence by activating intact tumor suppressor pathways. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging syndrome caused by a dominant mutation in the nuclear lamina intermediate filament protein lamin A that leads to a truncated and permanently farnesylated protein termed progerin. Progerin expression is associated with early cellular senescence involving shortened telomeres and increased DNA damage. Herein, we investigated whether telomere dysfunction contributes to the DNA damage accumulation and premature cellular senescence phenotypes observed with cells from HGPS patients. Methods: Using HGPS cell lines from patients or normal fibroblasts ectopically expressing progerin, we investigated the effects of telomerase on cell growth, senescence, p53 and Rb tumor suppressor pathway activation, and DNA damage. We also determined whether progerin-induced DNA damage localized to telomeres. Results: We demonstrate that addition of telomerase, which has been reported to immortalize HGPS fibroblasts, abrogated premature senescence, reduced p53 and Rb tumor suppressor pathway activation, and decreased the DNA damage phenotype. These effects of telomerase required both its catalytic and DNA binding activities. Furthermore, progerin-DNA damage signaling localized to telomeres indicating that progerin causes damage at telomeres. Conclusions: These results establish that progerin causes a defect in telomere maintenance linked to a chronic DNA damage response that activates tumor suppressor genes and induces the HGPS premature senescence phenotype. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):A60.
Acute intestinal ischaemia.
Authors: A Marston
Journal: BMJ (1990)

however, is well known.Research published last month in the British Journal of Addiction shows not just the extent of illegal tobacco sales to children but how cynically many shops ignore the law.The authors found that, in a large sample of 14-15 year olds over half the regular smokers reported having bought cigarettes one at a time from a shop. 15t is hard to appreciate what this really means.Many children cannot afford to buy whole packets of cigarettes.In effect shops sell them a dose of the drug they can afford until they are addicted.Then, when they can spend more, they will graduate to a larger, more regular dose.If this were cocaine or glue for sniffing, government action would be swift and decisive.Instead a drug that will eventually kill 100000 of today's 11-15 year olds does not seem to matter.Comprehensive government action is needed urgently.The major initiative on teenage smoking launched in England last year by the Health Education Authority is certainly a step in the right direction, although disappointingly the government has not extended it to the rest of the United Kingdom.Health education is crucial and has not been given anything like the resources justified by the enormity of the problem.By itself education is not enough, however, and government action should include a ban on all forms of tobacco promotion.We should follow the examples of Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, which have recognised that partial bans and volun- tary agreements do not work.6 17Taxation on tobacco should be regularly increased above inflation and a proportion earmarked for research and health promotion, a move that has proved popular in Australia.'7Finally, the law on sales to children should be enforced.Shopkeepers are rarely prose- cuted, and current fines are too low to act as an effective disincentive.These two criticisms might be answered if a bill sponsored by Parents Against Tobacco is successful in the ballot for private members' bills.The Home Office supports the group's demand that the maximum fine for illegal sales of tobacco to children should be increased to £2000.The bill also calls for local authorities to enforce the law on sales to children, to outlaw the sale of single cigarettes, and to prohibit advertising of tobacco on shop fronts.
Pilot of bowel cancer screening shows lower uptake in second round
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A pilot project to test the acceptability of screening people for bowel cancer has shown a low uptake, with less than half of the men who were invited to take part doing so.

Uptake was also low in deprived areas and in some ethnic groups, says the report on the second round of the UK colorectal cancer screening pilot ( British Journal of Cancer doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604089). The first round of the pilot took place in 2000-3 in two sites, one in England and one in Scotland ( BMJ 2004;329:133 doi: 10.1136/bmj.38153.491887.7C). Of those who were invited to take part in the second round 84% had taken part in the first. 

The report also warns that screening will significantly increase the need for services, especially endoscopy.

“Our results suggest that ongoing effort will be required to …
Involvement of HB-EGF and EGF receptor transactivation in TGF-β–mediated fibronectin expression in mesangial cells
Authors: Yoko Uchiyama-Tanaka, Hiroaki Matsubara, Yasukiyo Mori, Atsushi Kosaki, Noriko Kishimoto, Katsuya Amano, Shigeki Higashiyama, Toshiji Iwasaka
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Ventilatory failure in Guillain-Barre syndrome: indications for assisted ventilation in neurological diseases
Authors: I. Grant, C Mawdsley, G K Crompton, E. Jellinek, R. Willey, B Ashworth
Journal: Thorax (1981)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Drebrin-like protein (DBN-1) in <i>C. elegans</i> is an adaptor protein that connects different cellular pathways to the actin cytoskeleton. Using a CRISPR-Cas9 system, we generated a new <i>dbn-1</i> allele, which lacks 80% of C-terminal part of DBN-1. The mutant displays a striking hyper-bending locomotion phenotype and body posture with two times stronger curvature than wild type. We show by atomic force microscopy that the muscle tone of the mutant remains unaffected. Aiming to track down the cause of hyper-bending, we performed genetic epistasis experiments. We found that mutations in the Rho-specific guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) domain of UNC-73 (Trio), pan-neuronal expression of dominant negative RHO-1 and mutations in NCA (NALCN) cation leak channels all suppressed hyper-bending in the <i>dbn-1</i> mutant. These data indicate that DBN-1 negatively regulates the activity of both NCA-1 and NCA-2 channels, opposing RHO-1 in the non-canonical Gq pathway. We conclude that DBN-1 is an important component of the neuronal signaling cascade that controls the degree of <i>C. elegans</i> body bending during locomotion.
The reovirus M1 gene determines the relative capacity of growth of reovirus in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells.
Authors: Y Matoba, W S Colucci, B N Fields, T W Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Since blood-borne viruses often interact with endothelial cells before tissue invasion, the interaction between viruses and endothelial cells is likely to be important in viral pathogenicity. Two reovirus isolates (type 1 Lang and type 3 Dearing) differ in their capacity to grow in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. The mammalian reoviruses have 10 double-stranded RNA gene segments in their genome. By using 24 reassortant viruses, observed differences in the capacity of different strains to grow in cultured endothelial cells were mapped to the M1 gene (P = 0.00019), which encodes the viral core protein mu 2. No differences were detected in binding or proteolytic processing of viral outer capsid proteins of parental virions between the two reovirus isolates. Northern blot analysis showed a decreased production of viral mRNA in endothelial cells infected with type 3 Dearing reovirus, but not type 1 Lang. Thus, we have identified a viral gene (the M1 gene) responsible for determining the difference in growth capacity of the two reovirus isolates in cultured endothelial cells. Reovirus is an attractive model in which to study the interaction of viruses with endothelial cells at a molecular genetic level.
1108-118 Comparative yield of clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic, and neurohormonal predictors of outcome in heart failure patients (Val-HeFT data)
Authors: Lidia Staszewsky, Maylene Wong, Simona Barlera, Elisa Carretta, Serge Masson, Roberto Latini, Aldo P Maggioni, Jay N Cohn, Gianni Tognoni
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A Case of Jacksonian Epilepsy Cured by Operation
Authors: H. Drinkwater
Journal: BMJ (1900)

MTEABi'39 former theory.Perhaps had I not given so much air, which prolonged the induction of antesthesia, the spasm might not have happened.Regarding the difficulty of getting the finger down the throat and into the larynx, I have tried the experiment on several cadavera, and have found that in children it is easy to pass my forefinger, which is rather short, past the epiglottis, and push its tip into the larynx.In a woman of ordinary type, by well depressing the lower jaw, and by pushing up the larynx from outside, as in putting on the finger of a glove, I can well get down to the glottis.In the ordinary man or big woman I cannot with the finger by any means touch the vocal cords.They are beyond reach.Hence, in cases of laryngeal closure occurring in full-sized adults, when the finger cannot reach the larynx, tracheotomy would be necessary.
Tight Glucose Control in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Mitchell G. Scott, David E. Bruns, David B. Sacks
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A REVIEW OF THE TOXIC MANIFESTATIONS OF MERCURIAL DIURETICS IN MAN
Authors: ARTHUR C. DeGRAFF
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Recent publicity<sup>1</sup>given to sudden deaths which were believed to have resulted from the use of mercurial diuretics prompted us to review the entire subject of the acute toxicity of these drugs. In this issue ofThe JournalDeGraff and Lehman<sup>2</sup>have reported the results of experiments on cats to determine the possible mechanisms involved. This report will deal with the various untoward reactions that have been observed in patients. Toxic manifestations other than those of purely local nature, e. g. at the site of injection, may be roughly divided into two major groups: (1) those not directly related to the diuretic but to the associated diuresis and (2) those directly related to the drug. First we shall consider the toxic reactions not related to the drug. As early as 1891, Jendrăssick<sup>3</sup>in giving mild mercurous chloride to patients with cardiac edema noted an increase in the
The Pulmonary Circulation Following Pneumothorax and Vagotomy in Dogs
Authors: DANIEL H. SIMMONS, ALLAN HEMINGWAY
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

Induction of pneumothorax in anesthetized dogs with a volume of air equal to the functional residual capacity does not lead to any immediate change in pulmonary artery or vein pressures or the pressure gradient. Cardiac output drops and pulmonary vascular resistance is elevated. This change in pulmonary resistance is essentially unaffected by vagotomy and is likely a mechanical effect of decreasing lung volume. Vagotomy alone leads to a decrease in cardiac output and an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, possibly also because of mechanical effects.
Combined Procedure of Aspiration Termination and Laparoscopic Sterilization
Authors: P. C. Steptoe, M. Imran
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Termination of pregnancy and laparoscopic sterilization has been performed in 101 women in a one-year period. The complication rate was low and the average stay in hospital was short. With close supervision and co-operation between the gynaecologist and the patient's general practitioner it is suggested that this is a safe and economic procedure.
A CASE OF MULTIPLE BENIGN ANGIOMATA
Authors: S. CANTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1949)

Journal Article A CASE OF MULTIPLE BENIGN ANGIOMATA Get access S. CANTER, M.D., D.P.H. S. CANTER, M.D., D.P.H. Dermatologist, Brikenhead General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 61, Issue 4, 1 April 1949, Pages 130–131, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1949.tb11069.x Published: 01 April 1949
Borderline and antisocial personality disorders: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: T. Kendall, S. Pilling, P. Tyrer, C. Duggan, R. Burbeck, N. Meader, C. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Personality disorders are common, with an estimated prevalence in the community of 4.4%.1 They can significantly impair personal and social functioning, with considerable cost to health services, society, the criminal justice system, and the individual. Of the 10 classified types of personality disorder, borderline and antisocial personality disorder are the most prominent in forensic and general psychiatric settings. People with borderline personality disorder tend to have volatile relationships, an unstable self image, labile affects, and impulsiveness; they also frequently self harm. People with antisocial personality disorder characteristically break rules routinely; engage in criminal behaviour; and have a strong tendency to be reckless, irresponsible, and deceitful. People with both disorders often report a history of serious family problems, domestic violence, abuse, and inconsistent and often violent punishment in childhood. Separate guidelines were developed for these two disorders because of differences in diagnostic criteria and contact with services. People with borderline personality disorder tend to be "treatment seeking," whereas the antisocial group are "treatment resisting,"2 and they are unlikely to come into contact with services except for the treatment of comorbid conditions or when legally mandated to attend treatment programmes.3 This article summarises the key recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on the management of both borderline and antisocial personality disorder.2 3 Because about 50% of children with conduct disorder develop antisocial personality disorder, the guideline for this disorder includes preventive strategies—namely, interventions for conduct disorder in childhood and adolescence. NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the guideline development group's opinion of what constitutes good practice. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. ### The role of psychological treatment
Treatment of major skeletal injuries in patients with a severe head injury.
Authors: J Kernohan, P K Dakin, J P Beacon, J I Bayley
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A propos d'une observation: accident de la route, traumatisme crânien et fracture-luxation de l'epaule. La tentative de reduction de l'epaule echoue, le traitement consiste alors surtout en reanimation et soins intensifs. 4 semaines plus tard des complications multiples sont installees au niveau de l'epaule. Un traitement agressif serait plutot indique dans un premier temps
Granulomatous inflammation in cartilage-hair hypoplasia: Risks and benefits of anti–TNF-α mAbs
Authors: Despina Moshous, Isabelle Meyts, Sylvie Fraitag, Carl E.I. Janssen, Marianne Debré, Felipe Suarez, Jaan Toelen, Kris De Boeck, Tania Roskams, Antoine Deschildre, Capucine Picard, Christine Bodemer, Carine Wouters, Alain Fischer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Phytoestrogen therapy for menopausal symptoms?
Authors: S. R Davis
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Popular media would have us believe that plant constituents with a phenolic structure similar to oestrogen, known as phyto (plant) oestrogens, provide a natural alternative to the use of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Are the popular media right?

Phytoestrogens, found in a wide variety of edible plants, may display both oestrogenic and antioestrogenic effects. Epidemiological studies, primarily comparing Asian and Western populations, have been interpreted to indicate that consumption of a diet rich in phytoestrogens ameliorates oestrogen deficiency symptoms in postmenopausal women—and may protect against breast cancer, bone loss, and cardiovascular disease. Consequently there is a global movement towards increased consumption of foods rich in phytoestrogens, and tablet formulations of concentrated isoflavone extracts are being heavily promoted. However, more recent intervention studies question the validity of the proposed benefits of phytoestrogen supplementation, with little data in postmenopausal women to support a role for phytoestrogens as an alternative to conventional hormone replacement therapy.

The biological actions of these compounds are extremely complex. Their ultimate cellular actions are determined by many factors, including the relative levels of oestrogen receptors α and …
The ballad of the poor, young male
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2004)

E lvis Presley's song “In the Ghetto” always brings a lump to my throat. For the uninformed, the song's theme is the cycle of violence in which young black men in Chicago in the1960s were trapped. It is the emotional inflection of Elvis's voice that moves me, which is odd, as he was a poor white southerner and so can't have known what life was like in the urban slums. My wife suggests that my sentimentality is borne of eating too much quiche in the 1980s and desperately juggling a small baby while shirtless.

In the song a mother finds her young son dead, “face down on the street with a gun in his hand”—sad stuff. The song is 40 years old, but in Glasgow this futility continues relentlessly, ouryoung men dying in street violence. If not killed, many are beaten, “slashed,” or stabbed, and on most nights in casualty departments their …
Using genetics to unearth our path on earth
Authors: Stacie Bloom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

On April 13, the National Geographic Society launched the Genographic Project. The $40 million project is a 5-year effort to map the migration of humans from Africa to the regions inhabited now.

Anthropological geneticist Spencer Wells, known for his hypothesis that all humans descended from a single African ancestor who lived 60,000 years ago, heads the project team. To uncover the paths that lead from this African “Adam” to every living human, the team will study genetic material from more than 100,000 samples, taken from indigenous people and the general public all over the world. “This project will show us some of the routes early humans followed to populate the globe and paint a picture of the genetic tapestry that connects us all,” Wells said.

Ten research centers will collect and analyze DNA from both parental lineages of each subject by taking samples from the paternally inherited Y chromosome and maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA. Random natural mutations, called markers, are passed on through generations more or less unchanged, which allows scientists to trace how people are related. Once a marker appears in a person, all of that person’s descendants will carry it, said Wells. After a marker is identified, geneticists will use computer algorithms to trace the mutations back to their first occurrence, allowing experts to uncover early migratory patterns.

The data are expected to constitute the largest collection of human population genetic information. “We’re trying to figure out where we came from. It’s a very simple human question,” said Wells.
If I had..
Authors: S. Aylett
Journal: BMJ (1978)

<h3>Abstract</h3> As the scientific literature grows exponentially and research becomes increasingly interdisciplinary, accurate and high-throughput reference deduplication is vital in evidence synthesis studies (e.g., systematic reviews, meta-analyses) to ensure the completeness of datasets while reducing the manual screening burden. Existing tools fail to fulfill these emerging needs, as they are often labor-intensive, insufficient in accuracy, and limited to clinical fields. Here, we present RefDeduR, a text-normalization and decision-tree aided R package that enables accurate and high-throughput reference deduplication. We modularize the pipeline into text normalization, three-step exact matching, and two-step fuzzy matching processes. We also introduce a decision-tree algorithm, consider preprints when they co-exist with a peer-reviewed version, and provide actionable recommendations. Therefore, the tool is customizable, accurate, high-throughput, and practical. RefDeduR provides an effective solution to perform reference deduplication and represents a valuable advance in expanding the open-source toolkit to support evidence synthesis research.
Ethical and Legal Obligations of the Medical Profession
Authors: A. Gillie
Journal: BMJ (1964)

SIR,-Your statement that there can be no doubt about the urgent need to train more doctors is warmly endorsed by the whole pro- fession, together with your emphasis on the need for more medical schools.Your lead- ing article (20 June, p. 1581), however, would appear to give the impression that serious thought had only been given to the creation of a new school by one of the existing univer- sities which so far possesses no medical school, and, further, that because less than one-third of medical-school students are trained at schools north of the Wash to Bristol Channel line (because so many are trained in London) any school must be north of this line.
Global photographic assessment of men aged 18 to 60 years with male pattern hair loss receiving finasteride 1 mg or placebo
Authors: Elise A. Olsen, David A. Whiting, Ronald Savin, Anthony Rodgers, Amy O. Johnson-Levonas, Elizabeth Round, Jennifer Rotonda, Keith D. Kaufman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
Is Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Appropriate for All Type 2 Diabetic Patients? The Fremantle Diabetes Study
Authors: Wendy A. Davis, David G. Bruce, Timothy M.E. Davis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

later years, the initial large difference almost disappeared; i.e., metabolic control improved significantly more in patients using SMBG than in nonusers (4).Similarly, in the Kaiser Permanente cohort, there was an improvement of A1C by ϳ0.6% after initiation of SMBG, whereas A1C deteriorated by 0.2% in nonusers.These opposing changes were also observed after adjustments for change of type of antidiabetic medication or other potential confounders (3).This concordance of observational studies on three different continents is remarkable.In the real world, SMBG appears to be preferentially used by younger patients who exhibit worse than average metabolic control, and the initiation of SMBG is followed by improved metabolic control.