tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relation between socioeconomic status, employment, and health during economic change, 1973-93
Authors: M. Bartley, C. Owen
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To investigate the association between the national unemployment rate and class differences in the relation between health and employment during the period 1973-93. <b>Design</b>: Data from general household surveys, 1973-93. Comparison of rates of employment, unemployment, and economic inactivity among those with and without limiting longstanding illness in different socioeconomic groups and how these varied over 20 years. <b>Subjects</b>: All men aged 20-59 years in each survey between 1973 and 1993. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Change over time in class specific rates of employment, unemployment, and economic inactivity in those with and without limiting longstanding illness. <b>Results</b>: Men in socioeconomic groups 1 and 2 with no longstanding illness experienced little decrease in their chances of being in paid employment as the general unemployment rate rose. Those most affected were men in manual groups with limiting longstanding illness. The likelihood of paid employment was affected far less by such illness in non-manual than in manual groups. In group 1 about 85% of men with such illness were in paid employment in 1979 and 75% by 1993; in group 4 the equivalent proportions were 70% and 40%. In men in manual groups with limiting longstanding illness there was no sign of employment rates rising again as the economy recovered. <b>Conclusion</b>: Socioeconomic status makes a large difference to the impact of illness on the ability to remain in paid employment, and this impact increases as unemployment rises. Men with chronic illness in manual occupations were not drawn back into the labour force during the economic recovery of the late 1980s.
Focus: Westminster: Britain outlaws fetal egg transplants
Authors: J Warden
Journal: BMJ (1994)

History may record half past midnight on 13 April 1994 as the time when the House of Commons placed a roadblock in the path of medical science in Britain. At that moment it also turned its back on women who had begun to hope for infertility treatment using eggs from aborted fetuses, and it effectively slammed the door on research to make that procedure possible. Specifically what MPs did while the nation slept was to create a new criminal offence of using fetal ovarian tissue for fertility treatment.

Backbench coups in the middle of the night usually amount to no more than a boil on the face of parliament. This one goes deeper and should give the scientific community cause for anxiety. In terms of medical research, to say nothing of the democratic process, it was an important 30 minutes. The Commons was motivated by a feeling among MPs …
123 A FUNCTIONAL LINK BETWEEN VITAMIN D RECEPTOR AND JAK-STAT SIGNALING RESULTS IN SYNERGISTIC HEPATOCELLULAR RESPONSE TO CALCITRIOL AND INTERFERON-α
Authors: C.M. Lange, J. Gouttenoire, F.H.T. Duong, K. Morikawa, M.H. Heim, D. Moradpour
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Heart failure and/or left ventricular systolic dysfunction complicating myocardial infarction is common and accounts for the majority of in-hospital myocardial infarction mortality: Results of the VALIANT registry
Authors: Eric J. Velazquez, W. Douglas Weaver, Paul W. Armstrong, Rakhi Kilaru, Rafael Diaz, Harvey D. White, Wiek H. van Gilst, Jiri Spac, Christopher M. O'Connor, Gary S. Francis, Helmut Drexler, Viatcheslav Y. Mareev, Aldo P. Maggioni, Jeffrey D. Leimberger, Martin Myers, Marc Henis, Robert M. Califf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Gene Microarray Analysis of Peripheral Blood Cells in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Todd M. Bull, Christopher D. Coldren, Mark Moore, Sylk M. Sotto-Santiago, David V. Pham, S. Patrick Nana-Sinkam, Norbert F. Voelkel, Mark W. Geraci
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

The importance of genetic predisposition, inflammation, and autoimmune mechanisms in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is becoming increasingly clear. We hypothesized that the analysis of gene expression profiles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells would distinguish patients with PAH from normal volunteers. We also hypothesized that a subset of genes would discriminate between patients with idiopathic PAH and pulmonary hypertension related to secondary causes. Mononuclear cells were isolated from 15 patients diagnosed with PAH and 6 normal control subjects. Microarray expression was performed, and the expression profiles were analyzed for consistent and predictive differences in gene expression. We identified a signature set of 106 genes that discriminated with high certainty (p < or = 0.002) between patients with PAH and normal individuals. The results of the microarray analysis were retrospectively and prospectively confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for 2 of the 106 genes. Supervised clustering analysis generated a list of differentially expressed genes between patients with idiopathic and secondary causes of pulmonary hypertension. Microarray expression profiling of peripheral blood cells can discriminate between patients with PAH and normal volunteers. These findings may have important implications toward diagnosis, screening, and pathogenesis of this disease.
Chain of 30 kidney transplantations sets new US record
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A new record for chained kidney transplantations has been set in the United States. It involved 30 transplantations across the country between March and December last year, which linked living donors to recipients whom they were unlikely ever to meet.

Chained transplantations start with a single altruistic donor. If this donor’s kidney is used to help a recipient who has been denied a transplant from a relation who was willing to donate but was unable to do so because of immunological incompatibility, then the chain can continue if that relation remains willing to donate anyway. That kidney goes to the next recipient in the chain, who also has a willing but incompatible relation, prepared once more to reciprocate the gift by donating onwards. Technically such a chain need not end, but people are excluded who have no relation or partner who is willing to keep the chain going.

The 30 strong chain in the US has been anatomised by the New York …
Abstract 2029: Interactions between a selenophene compound and DNA polymerase eta.
Authors: Anne Rietz, Yih-wen Chen, Kai-Ming Chou
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract D-501036 [2,5-bis(5-hydroxymethyl-2-selenienyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-N-methylpyrrole] is a selenophene compound that has potent toxicity to various types of cancer cells but not for normal cells. More importantly, in vivo xenograft animal studies have also shown that D-501036 is a promising anticancer compound. Mechanistic studies indicated that D-501036 induces DNA double strand breaks in a dose dependent manner and blocks cell cycle progression at S-phase. D-501036 forms DNA adducts and the amount of DNA adducts increased with the concentration of D-501036. Therefore, we examined several DNA replication/repair mechanisms for their potential relationship with D-501036. Interestingly, we observed that D-501036 suppressed the expression of DNA lesion bypass polymerase η (pol η) more than 70% in both time and dose dependent manners in the ovarian Ovcar-4 cancer cells. Pol η is the key enzyme to replicate across UV induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) in DNA. Genetic defects in the pol η encoding gene result in a disease called Xeroderma Pigmentosum variant (XP-V). In addition to its biological function, biochemical studies have shown that pol η can also efficiently bypass cisplatin intrastrand crosslinked guanosines (Pt-GG). In consistence with the biochemical studies, cellular studies have shown that the expression of pol η reduces the cytotoxicity of cisplatin in Ovcar-4 cells. These results suggested that pol η plays an important role in modulating the cellular sensitivity to cisplatin. Although cisplatin is an important therapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer but the development of resistance against cisplatin has been a major drawback. Given that D-501036 suppresses the expression of pol η, we performed a cytotoxicity study using the combination of D-501036 and cisplatin. Our results indicated that D-501036 can potentiate the sensitivity of Ovcar-4 cells to cisplatin more than 1,000- fold. Together, our results suggested that D-501036 is a promising compound that can be used to enhance the activity of cisplatin for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Further studies are undergoing to determine the mechanisms of action of D-501036, the information obtained will facilitate the development of new compounds to improve the treatment for ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Anne Rietz, Yih-wen Chen, Kai-Ming Chou. Interactions between a selenophene compound and DNA polymerase eta. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2029. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2029
No Margin, No Mission
Authors: Barry Blackwell
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Research and Clinical Advances in Mental Retardation
Authors: George Tarjan
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Mental retardation is a syndrome that can be produced by many causative agents, acting alone or in combination. It involves about 5 million persons in the United States and in whom the affliction varies in symptomatology and severity. The fact that only 5% of the mentally retarded are in institutions emphasizes the contributions and responsibilities of the practicing physician. Research advances include new knowledge in the inborn errors of metabolism and chromosomal abnormalities. The implications of infections, prematurity, and perinatal events, the effects of some drugs, and the impact of certain psychologic forces are better understood. These recent findings have preventive and clinical implications. Other significant developments of importance in practice are the growth of community resources, new evidences of the capabilities of retardates, and increasing public awareness, exemplified by the appointment of President Kennedy's Panel on Mental Retardation.
Evidence for a Humoral Mechanism in Volume Expansion Natriuresis
Authors: George J. Kaloyanides, Maher Azer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

The role of a humoral mechanism in the natriuresis induced by volume expansion was evaluated using an isolated dog kidney perfused by a second dog which had been pretreated with desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA). Expansion of the perfusion dog with an equilibrated volume of blood from a reservoir, resulted in an increase in UnaV (sodium excretion) from 153.6±27.9 (sem) to 345.5±57.8 μEq/min, P<0.001. FEna (fractional sodium excretion) increased from 3.4±0.6 to 8.1±1.2%, P<0.01. The natriuresis occurred in the face of a significant decrease in Cin, RBF, and renal arterial pressure, and in the absence of any change in plasma protein concentration or packed cell volume. In a control group of experiments, sodium excretion did not change when the perfusion dog was not volume expanded, although Cin (inulin clearance) and RBF (renal blood flow) decreased to the same degree as in the expanded group. These data support the conclusion that volume expansion of the perfusion dog either stimulated the release of a natriuretic factor or suppressed the release of an antinatriuretic factor which was manifested by an increase in sodium excretion in the isolated kidney.
Uses for Dry Cold Therapy
Authors: W. G. Bigelow, E. C. G. Lanyon
Journal: BMJ (1944)

The subjects studied in this investigation were 100 healthy students and laboratory workers, 71 patients with disease of the liver, and 62 patients suffering from other diseases.Every care was taken to establish the clinical diagnosis beyond doubt.The laboratory tests in all cases included estimations of the bilirubin, phosphatase, albumin, and globulin in 'the plasma, and measurement of the hippuric acid excretion and laevulose tolerance.Analysis of the results indicates that a combination of data of this type has considerable diagnostic and prognostic value.Changes in the plasma proteins in disease of the liver are of great significance.In cases of hepatitis with jaundice there is a close correlation between the time the jaundice has been present, the changes in the albumin-globulin ratio, and the prognosis.Irreparable liver damage has probably occurred if jaundice persists for more than two months or the plasma albumin falls below 2 g.°.In such cases the plasma globulin is usually over 4 g.%.Estimation of the amount of bilirubin, phosphatase, albumin, and globulin in the plasma from a single blood specimen usually pro- vides as much diagnostic and prognostic information as can be obtained from more elaborate tests of liver function.Full case reports with protocols of the biochemical tests can be obtained from the authors.We are indebted to the honorary staff of the Radcliffe Infirmary for permission to study their cases, and to Dr. A. H. T. Robb-
Baroreflex Gain Predicts Blood Pressure Recovery During Simulated Ventricular Tachycardia in Humans
Authors: Mohamed H. Hamdan, Jose A. Joglar, Richard L. Page, Jason D. Zagrodzky, Clifford J. Sheehan, Stephen L. Wasmund, Michael L. Smith
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Despite similar degrees of left ventricular dysfunction and similar tachycardia or pacing rate, blood pressure (BP) response and symptoms vary greatly among patients. Sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) increases during sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), and the magnitude of this sympathoexcitatory response appears to contribute to the net hemodynamic outcome. We hypothesize that the magnitude of sympathoexcitation and thus arterial baroreflex gain is an important determinant of the hemodynamic outcome of VT.We evaluated the relation between arterial baroreflex sympathetic gain and BP recovery during rapid ventricular pacing (VP) in patients referred for electrophysiological study. Efferent postganglionic muscle SNA, BP, and central venous pressure (CVP) were measured in 14 patients during nitroprusside infusion and during VP at 150 (n=12) or 120 (n=2) bpm. Arterial baroreflex gain was defined as the slope of the relationship of change in SNA to change in diastolic BP during nitroprusside infusion. Recovery of mean arterial pressure (MAP) during VP was measured as the increase in MAP from the nadir at the onset of pacing to the steady-state value during sustained VP. Arterial baroreflex gain correlated positively with recovery of MAP (r=0.57, P=0.034). No significant correlation between ejection fraction and baroreflex gain (r=0.48, P=0.08) or BP recovery (r=0.41, P=0.15) was found. When patients were separated into high versus low baroreflex gain, the recovery of MAP during simulated VT was significantly greater in patients with high gain.These data strongly suggest that arterial baroreflex gain contributes significantly to hemodynamic stability during simulated VT. Knowledge of baroreflex gain in individual patients may help the clinician tailor therapy directed toward sustained VT.
Linear fixed drug eruption
Authors: M. Sigal-Nahum, A. Konqui, A. GAULIER, S. Sigal
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Linear fixed drug eruption Get access M. Sigal‐Nahum, M. Sigal‐Nahum Department of Dermatology Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy 95107 Argenteuil, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Konqui, A. Konqui Department of Dermatology Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy 95107 Argenteuil, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. GAULIER, A. GAULIER Department of Pathology Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy 95107 Argenteuil, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Sigal S. Sigal Department of Dermatology Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy 95107 Argenteuil, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 6, 1 June 1988, Pages 849–851, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02604.x Published: 01 June 1988
New York to Trans Fats: You're Out!
Authors: Susan Okie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Beginning July 1, most foods prepared in New York City restaurants will no longer be permitted to contain more than half a gram of artificial trans fats per serving. Dr. Susan Okie reports. Dr. Thomas Frieden, New York City commissioner of health, discusses the logic behind a ban on trans fats in the city's restaurants, the logistics of enforcing it, and efforts to inform consumers about the caloric content of prepared foods.
Sleep and Movement Disorders
Authors: A. Y. Avidan
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long-Term Follow-Up of a Phase I/II Trial of Dose Escalating Three-Dimensional Conformal Thoracic Radiation Therapy with Induction and Concurrent Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Unresectable Stage IIIA/B Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Thomas E. Stinchcombe, Carrie B. Lee, Dominic T. Moore, M Patricia Rivera, Jan Halle, Steven Limentani, Julian G. Rosenman, Mark A. Socinski
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Coinduction of MDR-1 Multidrug-Resistance and Cytochrome P-450 Genes in Rat Liver by Xenobiotics
Authors: R. K. Burt, S. S. Thorgeirsson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Coinduction of MDR-1 Multidrug-Resistance and Cytochrome P-450 Genes in Rat Liver by Xenobiotics Get access Richard K. Burt, Richard K. Burt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Snorri S. Thorgeirsson Snorri S. Thorgeirsson * 2Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Chemical and Physical Car-cinogenesis Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD *Correspondence to: Snorri S. Thorgeirsson, M.D., Bldg. 37, Rm. 3C28, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 17, 2 November 1988, Pages 1383–1386, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.17.1383 Published: 02 November 1988 Article history Received: 29 June 1988 Accepted: 16 August 1988 Published: 02 November 1988
Recent Advances in Diabetes
Authors: Barry Z. Izenstein
Journal: JAMA (1985)

If one does not like waiting every ten years or so for the next edition of the various textbooks of diabetes to appear, the first volume of a new series entitled<i>Recent Advances in Diabetes</i>is now available. "The volume is intended," the authors point out in the preface, "for physicians with an interest in diabetes." It is a soft-cover book, in which there are 20 chapters comprising 258 pages, written by 35 authors. This volume can arbitrarily be divided into four main categories. The first section, comprising chapters 1 through 5, pertains to the etiology of diabetes and to the insulin molecule. Genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors are summarized. An erudite chapter on insulin receptors follows, with a detailed discussion of their structure, binding characteristics, and alterations in various disease states, complete with 114 references. The next section deals with fuel metabolism and is superbly written. The enteroinsular axis
IgE- and IgE+Ag-mediated mast cell migration in an autocrine/paracrine fashion
Authors: Jiro Kitaura, Tatsuya Kinoshita, Masaaki Matsumoto, Shaun Chung, Yuko Kawakami, Michael Leitges, Dianqing Wu, Clifford A. Lowell, Toshiaki Kawakami
Journal: Blood (2005)
Very Low Rate of Gene Conversion in the Yeast Genome
Authors: Claudio Casola, Gavin C. Conant, Matthew W. Hahn
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2012)

Gene duplication is a major driver of organismal adaptation and evolution and plays an important role in multiple human diseases. Whole-genome analyses have shown similar and high rates of gene duplication across a variety of eukaryotic species. Most of these studies, however, did not address the possible impact of interlocus gene conversion (IGC) on the evolution of gene duplicates. Because IGC homogenizes pairs of duplicates, widespread conversion would cause gene duplication events that happened long ago to appear more recent, resulting in artificially high estimates of duplication rates. Although the majority of genome-wide studies (including in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Scer]) point to levels of IGC between paralogs ranging from 2% to 18%, Gao and Innan (Gao LZ, Innan H. 2004. Very low gene duplication rate in the yeast genome. Science 306:1367–1370.) found that gene conversion in yeast affected >80% of paralog pairs. If conversion rates really are this high, it would imply that the rate of gene duplication in eukaryotes is much lower than previously reported. In this work, we apply four different methodologies—including one approach that closely mirrors Gao and Innan's method—to estimate the level of IGC in Scer. Our analyses point to a maximum conversion level of 13% between paralogs in this species, in close agreement with most estimates of IGC in eukaryotes. We also show that the exceedingly high levels of conversion found previously derive from application of an accurate method to an inappropriate data set. In conclusion, our work provides the most striking evidence to date supporting the reduced incidence of IGC among Scer paralogs and sets up a framework for future analyses in other eukaryotes.