tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Weight Reduction Neighborhood Health Program
Authors: Helen Lovell
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  Weight reduction for the overweight and obese patient has been of great concern to the medical specialist over the last decade. The denver Department of Health and Hospitals, through their Nutrition Section in the Neighborhood Health Program, offers nutrition counseling to low-income obese and overweight patients in an endeavor to take off unwanted pounds.  Each patient is referred by a physician for weight reduction. A diet history is taken in order to determine nutrient intake and meal and snack pattern. Realistic goals are agreed upon after ideal weight is figured. Economic resources, level of education, degree of motivation, and food preferences are all considered in developing the individual meal plan for each patient. Serving portions are demonstrated with food models and sample menus planned with each person. Increased activity is encouraged depending upon the patient's physical condition. Each person is reevaluated at periodic intervals determined by the
Randomized Phase III Trial of Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin Compared With Observation in Completely Resected Stage IB and II Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Updated Survival Analysis of JBR-10
Authors: Charles A. Butts, Keyue Ding, Lesley Seymour, Philip Twumasi-Ankrah, Barbara Graham, David Gandara, David H. Johnson, Kenneth A. Kesler, Mark Green, Mark Vincent, Yvon Cormier, Glenwood Goss, Brian Findlay, Michael Johnston, Ming-Sound Tsao, Frances A. Shepherd
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Purpose Adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (ACT) is now an accepted standard for completely resected stage II and III A non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Long-term follow-up is important to document persistent benefit and late toxicity. We report here updated overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) data. Patients and Methods Patients with completely resected stage IB (T2N0, n = 219) or II (T1-2N1, n = 263) NSCLC were randomly assigned to receive 4 cycles of vinorelbine/cisplatin or observation. All efficacy analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Results Median follow-up was 9.3 years (range, 5.8 to 13.8; 33 lost to follow-up); there were 271 deaths in 482 randomly assigned patients. ACT continues to show a benefit (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.99; P = .04). There was a trend for interaction with disease stage (P = .09; HR for stage II, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.5 to 0.92; P = .01; stage IB, HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.52; P = .87). ACT resulted in significantly prolonged DSS (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.97; P = .03). Observation was associated with significantly higher risk of death from lung cancer (P = .02), with no difference in rates of death from other causes or second primary malignancies between the arms. Conclusion Prolonged follow-up of patients from the JBR.10 trial continues to show a benefit in survival for adjuvant chemotherapy. This benefit appears to be confined to N1 patients. There was no increase in death from other causes in the chemotherapy arm.
Predicted Creatinine Clearance
Authors: TOBIAS L. YEH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1977Predicted Creatinine ClearanceTOBIAS L. YEH, PHARM.D., RAYMOND D. SILKAITIS, PH. D.TOBIAS L. YEH, PHARM.D.Search for more papers by this author, RAYMOND D. SILKAITIS, PH. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-3-380_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We have been looking at the predictability of both gentamicin and digoxin serum-level pharmacokinetic equations. It has become clear that one first must analyze and select the nomogram or formula that best estimates creatinine clearance; most of the patients taking drugs do not have their actual creatinine clearances measured.We have compared the creatinine clearance estimated by two nomograms and six formulae, including one recently proposed in this journal (1), with the measured corrected creatinine clearance in 37 obese and nonobese patients. Lean body mass was used in obese patients. If the patient's actual weight was less...References1. SPYKERGUERRANT DR: Gentamicin dosage. Ann Intern Med 86:357, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar2. DEVINE B: Gentamicin therapy. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 8:650-655, 1974 Google Scholar3. SIERSBAEK-NlELSENHANSENKAMPMANNKRISTENSEN KJJM: Rapid evaluation of creatinine clearance. Lancet 1:1133-1134, 1971 CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. COCKROFTGAULT DM: Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 16:31-41, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. JELIFFE R: Creatinine clearance: bedside estimate. Ann Intern Med 79:604-605, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: TOBIAS L. YEH, PHARM.D.; RAYMOND D. SILKAITIS, PH. D.Affiliations: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Hospital Pharmacy Services P.O. Box 6998 University of Illinois Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRe-examination of digoxin dosage regimen: comparison of the proposed nomograms or formulae in elderly patients. 1 September 1977Volume 87, Issue 3Page: 380-380KeywordsCreatinineDrugsOverweightPharmacokinetics ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of calcipotriol monotherapy and a combination of calcipotriol and betamethasone valerate after 2 weeks' treatment with calcipotriol in the topical therapy of psoriasis vulgaris: a multicentre, double‐blind, randomized study
Authors: None Ruzicka, None Lorenz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

A clinical study was conducted to determine whether, in the topical treatment of psoriasis, a combination of calcipotriol and betamethasone valerate after previous treatment with calcipotriol alone was more effective than the continuation of the monotherapy with calcipotriol, especially in 'low responders'. Patients (n = 169) with the clinical diagnosis 'chronic plaque‐type psoriasis' were treated twice daily for 2 weeks with calcipotriol, followed by a 4‐week treatment with calcipotriol monotherapy in 87 patients or combined calcipotriol/betamethasone valerate in 82 patients; all patients were followed for 8 weeks. The psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was used to compare the two treatment groups. The overall therapeutic result was also assessed by the investigators and patients. The combination therapy was more effective, as assessed by all evaluated variables; moreover, patients showing insufficient response to calcipotriol alone after 2 weeks showed a regression of psoriatic lesions using the combination regimen. Thus, the combination of calcipotriol and topical steroids is recommended as the therapy of first choice for patients who do not respond well to treatment with 2 weeks of calcipotriol alone. Furthermore, this combination reduces the hazards associated with the long‐term use of topical corticosteroids (atrophy and rebound) as well as the irritation associated with calcipotriol.
Tumors Face NO Problems?
Authors: Jack R. Lancaster, Keping Xie
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract The effect of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) II expression on cancer biology is unclear and difficult to define, with multiple reports of pro- and anti-cancer actions. Here we address the major factors that seem likely to account for these paradoxical behaviors, which include variability in NO production, heterogeneity in NO chemistry (and thus its cellular actions), and differential cellular responses. In addition, we suggest that a major determinant of the outcome of NO actions in the tumor environment is cellular adaptation/selection to the cytotoxic actions of NO. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(13): 6459-62)
Consent, Confidentiality, and Research
Authors: Robert M. Veatch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Genetic testing for susceptibility to familial adenomatous polyposis has considerable importance for the relatives of patients with the disease, because a mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, if present, invariably causes colon cancer. In this issue of the Journal, Giardiello and colleagues report the results of a survey of how physicians use and interpret a test for APC mutations.1 They found that few patients received genetic counseling or provided written consent before being tested. If physicians misuse other genetic tests to the same extent, these findings are important. However, the study itself raises questions about consent . . .
Abnormal Tc-99m MDP Renal Images Associated With Hemolytic Streptococcal Sepsis
Authors: JOHN R. STY, ROBERT G. WELLS, MARIO E. RUIZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Abnormal segmental hot and cold lesions in the kidneys were seen on bone imaging of a 6-year-old boy who had the diagnosis of hemolytic streptococcal septic/toxic shock syndrome. This patient presented after 6 days of fever, vomiting, and diarrhea. On the fourth day, left shoulder and arm pain developed. Radionuclide Tc-99m MDP bone imaging was performed to rule out osteomyelitis. The study demonstrated a cold area of osteomyelitis in the left humerus and abnormal kidneys with enlargement and focal areas of increased and decreased tracer accumulation. Hemolytic streptococcus was recovered from the blood, left humerus, and urine.
ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO
Authors: A. Hill
Journal: BMJ (1996)

### SUICIDE MADE ATTRACTIVE.

SIR,—A delightful voyage by an Australian liner was marred two days before we reached Colombo by two suicides. One victim was a steerage passenger 27 years of age; the other a hypersensitive cultured young Oxford graduate. The Oxford man had thrown himself with zeal into all the busy idleness of shipboard …
IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AND GRAFT-REJECTING ANTIBODIES IN HETEROLOGOUS ANTI-LYMPHOCYTIC SERUM
Authors: B. Cinader, H. F. Jeejeebhoy, S. W. Koh, A. G. Rabbat
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Skin allografts survived longer on ALS-treated, complement-deficient (C5 negative) recipients than on ALS-treated, complement-competent (C5 positive) recipients. Administration of C5-positive serum to C5-negative, ALS-treated recipients resulted in reduced graft survival. A percentage of grafts from ALS-treated, C5-positive donors was rejected when transferred to untreated syngeneic recipients; this was not observed when C5-negative, syngeneic animals served as ALS-treated donors and untreated recipients. It was concluded that ALS has graft-rejecting properties which are promoted by late acting complement components. Unlike ALS-mediated graft rejection, ALS-mediated immunosuppression appeared to be independent of the late acting complement components. The effect of ALS on the humoral response to sheep erythrocytes was examined in complement-deficient and complement-competent mice. Immune-suppression was determined by ALS treatment of C5-competent and C5-deficient mice and also by transfer of in vitro ALS-treated spleen cells from C5-negative and C5-positive donors to cyclophosphamide-treated recipients. The ability of ALS to depress the humoral response to sheep cells and to decrease immunological competence of spleen cells was the same in the presence as in the absence of C5.
Hanging in Childhood
Authors: J. H. Salmon
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The response to therapy of asphyxia due to hanging in childhood is gratifying if therapy is initiated promptly and vigorously. Therapy consists of maintenance of an airway, administration of large doses of a glucocorticoid, and infusion of dextran 75 solution. In the two cases presented, the patients appeared to be lifeless when discovered, but no cerebral abnormality could be detected at the time of discharge approximately one week later.
The use of proximity ligation assay to identify HER2:HER3 heterodimers in early breast cancers.
Authors: M Spears, AF Munro, KJ Taylor, EA Mallon, JM Bartlett
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2068 Background: The HER receptor family includes four members: HER1, HER2, HER3 and HER4. Expression of these proteins is linked to breast cancer development and progression. HER2 gene amplification is found in 20-30% of breast cancers. Overexpression of HER2 has been linked with high grade tumours and poor prognosis. Clinical studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between HER2 and HER3 with 70% of HER3-positive tumours also being positive for HER2. Co-expression of HER2/HER3 has been suggested to drive endocrine and chemotherapy resistance. However such resistance is driven not by co-expression but by signalling via HER2/HER3 dimers which have previously been impossible to detect in situ. Proximity ligation assays (PLAs) can detect homo- and heterodimers in situ at a single-molecule level and allow study of signalling pathways. Paired antibodies are used to detect protein complexes in tissues.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Using tissue microarrays containing 100 breast cancer samples, we analysed HER2 homodimers and HER2:HER3 heterodimers by PLA. HER2 amplification was detected using FISH analysis.&amp;#x2028; Results: PLA was used to detect HER2 homo and heterodimers in vivo and in vitro. HER2 homodimers were detected in amplified and non-amplified cases. A significant association (p&amp;lt;0.00001) was identified between HER2 homodimerisation and amplification. HER2 homodimerisation was not associated with any clinicopathological data.&amp;#x2028; HER2:HER3 heterodimers were detected in vivo and in vitro through PLA and western blot analysis. The median number of HER2:HER3 heterodimers (7.8 signals per cell) was greater than HER2:HER2 homodimers (2.0 signals per cell) in this series indicating HER2:HER3 may be the preferred dimer. HER2:HER3 was significantly associated with nodal status (p=0.003) and grade (p=0.02).&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: Using an in situ PLA we demonstrated the in vivo expression of HER2 homodimers in human breast cancer and increased HER2 homodimerisation linked to HER2 gene amplification. We have demonstrated HER2:HER3 heterodimers to be linked to nodal status and grade. Our observations suggest that PLA is an invaluable method to detect homo and heterodimers in situ and could potentially be used a diagnostic tool in the future. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2068.
A NEW OBSTETRIC FORCEPS.
Authors: A. B. SPÄCH
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Of the making of many instruments as well as "of the making of many books there is no end." This would appear especially true in the obstetric art, for there seems as many forceps as there are individual obstetricians. However, the forceps herein described and delineated is believed to possess advantages heretofore not brought out in any other instrument. When it is considered that the primary object of the forceps is traction, Figure 1 will of itself indicate the merit claimed for this instrument. It will be observed that the lock is at the center of two equal circles (the outer circle in the figure is not to be considered in the description), of which the handles are arcs, and which, at any angle made by the blades while grasping the fetal head, constantly coincide (overlap). The lower arc is marked off in centimeters and inches, which continually measures the
Anti-TNF response rates in radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthropathy
Authors: David McCormick, Jonathan McKnight, Adrian Pendleton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

Anti-TNF response rates in radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthropathy With recent evolution of classification systems for axial spondyloarthropathy to include non-radiographic disease, there has been an increasing emphasis to treat inflammatory back pain early, potentially aiming to halt disease progression and prevent chronic damage.Current National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) criteria for commencement of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in spondyloarthropathy are based on the modified New York criteria of 1984.As such, this requires radiographic changes based on plain film X-ray rather than allowing for the more sensitive modality of MRI.This criterion, therefore, excludes a group of patients that may potentially benefit from biological therapy.Published studies by Song et al (ESTHER 1 ) and Sieper et al (ABILITY-1 2 ) as well as meta-analysis by Callhoff et al 3 have shown similar response rates to anti-TNF in both radiographic and non-radiographic groups.We sought to assess whether the trial data mentioned above were similar to the clinical setting by retrospectively looking at a local biological database of patients with ankylosing spondylitis on anti-TNF therapy.Fifty-nine patients were divided into three groups: group A (N=29)-sacroiliitis on X-ray (ie, radiographic group); group B (N=23)-sacroiliitis on MRI with normal X-ray (ie, non-radiographic group) and group C (N=7)-sacroiliitis on MRI but have no record of plain film X-ray.After 3 months, the number of patients achieving an adequate response to anti-TNF, according to NICE criteria, was group A=14 (48%), group B=11 (48%) and group C=4 (57%).In those achieving adequate responses according to NICE, the percentage improvements in Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) were similar.Average improvements in BASDAI were group A=3.96 (55%), group B=4.46 (56%) and group C=4.45 (57%).Average improvements in VAS were group A=4.47 (55%), group B=4.6 (56%) and group C=5 (57%).Average improvements in BASFI were group A=4.2 (56%), group B=2.93 (44%) and group C=2.66 (46%).In summary, this clinical review appears to show similar response rates between both radiographic and non-radiographic spondyloarthropathy groups after 3-month therapy with anti-TNF and poses the question should current guidelines for use of these medications be modified to include non-radiographic disease.
Prevalence and spectrum of thin filament mutations in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A comprehensive mutational analysis of troponin T, troponin I, alpha tropomyosin, and cardiac actin
Authors: Sara L. Van Driest, Erik G. Ellsworth, Melissa L. Will, Bernard J. Gersh, Steve R. Ommen, Michael J. Ackerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Blow-Blow-Blow
Authors: Robert C. Goodlin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.—  During my 35 years of serving on various labor decks, I have noted relatively consistent commands given by labor room staff to prevent the parturients from pushing and delivering in what to them appears to be an inopportune place or time. Depending on the hospital, these commands have been blow-blow-blow, in another delivery room breathe-breathebreathe, and in still another exhaleexhale-exhale. Each institution seems to have its own favorite phrase, but generally the sequences are three or four words, spoken in a monotone and in a repetitive manner. Invariably, the care givers themselves act out their own instructions, such as blowing with each command to blow. I know of no studies that indicate which labor coach's verbal or body techniques are the most effective in preventing bearing down.  I have wondered about the reasons for these stereotyped labor room verbal and body commands. Sometimes the goal appears to
Reprogramming of human fibroblasts into multipotent cells with a single ECM proteoglycan, fibromodulin
Authors: Zhong Zheng, Jia Jian, Xinli Zhang, Janette N. Zara, Wei Yin, Michael Chiang, Yi Liu, Joyce Wang, Shen Pang, Kang Ting, Chia Soo
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Polyalanine expansion and frameshift mutations of the paired-like homeobox gene PHOX2B in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome
Authors: Jeanne Amiel, Béatrice Laudier, Tania Attié-Bitach, Ha Trang, Loïc de Pontual, Blanca Gener, Delphine Trochet, Heather Etchevers, Pierre Ray, Michel Simonneau, Michel Vekemans, Arnold Munnich, Claude Gaultier, Stanislas Lyonnet
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Post-translational modifications of histones H3 and H4 associated with the histone methyltransferases Suv39h1 and G9a
Authors: Philippe Robin, Lauriane Fritsch, Ophélie Philipot, Fedor Svinarchuk, Slimane Ait-Si-Ali
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

Specific combinations of post-translational modifications of histones alter chromatin structure, facilitating gene transcription or silencing. Here we have investigated the 'histone code' associated with the histone methyltransferases Suv39h1 and G9a by combining double immunopurification and mass spectrometry. Our results confirm the previously reported histone modifications associated with Suv39h1 and G9a. Moreover, this method allowed us to demonstrate for the first time an association of acetylated histones with the repressor proteins Suv39h1 and G9a.
LOSS OF VIRICIDAL PROPERTY IN SERUMS FROM PATIENTS WITH HERPES AND ENCEPHALITIS
Authors: FREDERICK P. GAY
Journal: JAMA (1931)

We<sup>1</sup>have elsewhere discussed the possible relationship that may exist between the relatively common skin disease known as herpes simplex and human epidemic encephalitis. Herpes simplex is definitely due to a filtrable virus that produces either a characteristic skin eruption or a fatal encephalitis in rabbits and in guinea-pigs. Herpes virus has rarely been found in the brain of human beings dead of encephalitis, and its presence there in those exceptional instances described by Levaditi and Harvier,<sup>2</sup>Doerr and Schnabel,<sup>3</sup>Perdrau<sup>4</sup>and others might well be due to the secondary invasion of a virus that is recognized to be widely distributed under normal conditions. On the other hand, the absence of the virus in the many instances of encephalitis in which it was sought may be due to a process of autosterilization, to the fact that most brains were not examined during the acute phase of
Prevention of ischemic mitral regurgitation does not influence the outcome of remodeling after posterolateral myocardial infarction
Authors: T.Sloane Guy, Sina L Moainie, Joseph H Gorman, Benjamin M Jackson, Theodore Plappert, Yoshiharu Enomoto, Martin G St. John-Sutton, L.Henry Edmunds, Robert C Gorman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Basic Contributions to Medicine by Research in Pediatrics
Authors: Harry H. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1961)

IN ORDER to make this presentation meaningful, I have taken full advantage of the freedom given in the original invitation to interpret the title as I saw fit. I propose: (1) to mention contributions from pediatric research that are already part of daily medical thinking; (2) to list, without discussion, some subjects of addresses given before the American Academy of Pediatrics during the past 22 years by winners of awards for research; (3) to present in greater detail 3 topics chosen from numerous possibilities, and (4) to discuss some future opportunities. The selection has been arbitrary, and determined partly by personal interests. Limitations of space prevent a proper bibliography; apologies are offered particularly to colleagues whose work has been omitted. In Table 1 are listed contributions of pediatric research whose importance is so obvious as to need no elaboration, e.g., the von Pirquet skin test with tuberculin as a guide