tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risks in Intrahospital Transport
Authors: I. WRIGHT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1988Risks in Intrahospital TransportI. WRIGHT, P.N. ROGERS, S. RIDLEYI. WRIGHT, P.N. ROGERS, S. RIDLEYAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-4-638_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Braman and associates (1) update work originally done in our department (2). Their conclusion that mechanical ventilation produces less change from baseline measurements of blood gas values than manual ventilation and therefore fewer hemodynamic complications is not unexpected. As they note, however, even with mechanical ventilation 6 of 16 patients showed large alterations in PCO2 or pH, and 3 had adverse cardiovascular events. This finding shows that intrahospital transport of critically ill patients is not always simple, and in addition to the optimization of oxygenation and ventilation, other factors must be considered.We have transferred over 1500...References1. BRAMANDUNNAMICOMILLMAN SSCR. Complications of intrahospital transport in critically ill patients. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107:469-73. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WADDELL G. Movement of critically ill patients within hospital. Br Med J. 1975;2:543-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MARSHLEDINGHAM RI. Equipment for mobile intensive care. Br J. Hosp Med. 1981;25:377-81. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BIONEDLINRAMSAYLEDINGHAM JSGI. Validation of a prognostic score in critically ill patients undergoing transport. Br Med J. 1985;291:432-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Glasgow Glasgow G11 GNT, United Kingdom PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byImpact and safety of open lung biopsy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)Impact and safety of open lung biopsy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)Complications and benefits of intrahospital transport of adult Intensive Care Unit patientsAn evaluation of intra-hospital transport outcomes from tertiary neonatal intensive care unitUnexpected Events during the Intrahospital Transport of Critically Ill PatientsSecondary insults during intrahospital transport of neurosurgical intensive care patientsSecondary insults during intrahospital transport of head-injured patients 1 April 1988Volume 108, Issue 4Page: 638-638KeywordsBloodHemodynamicsPartial pressure of carbon dioxideVentilators Issue Published: 1 April 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
NERVE CELLS IN THE AORTA AND ANGINA PECTORIS
Authors: A. Morison
Journal: BMJ (1914)

Successful remembering involves both hindering irrelevant information from entering working memory (WM) and actively maintaining relevant information online. Using a voxelwise lesion–behavior brain mapping approach in stroke patients, we observed that lesions of the left basal ganglia render WM susceptible to irrelevant information. Lesions of the right prefrontal cortex on the other hand make it difficult to keep more than a few items in WM. These findings support basal ganglia–prefrontal cortex models of WM whereby the basal ganglia play a gatekeeper role and allow only relevant information to enter prefrontal cortex where this information then is actively maintained in WM.
Unusual injury? Recent injury in normal children and children with suspected non-accidental injury.
Authors: D M Roberton, P Barbor, D Hull
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Four hundred normal children aged between 2 weeks and 11 years were examined to determine the prevalence and site of recent injury of any type. There was evidence of injury in 37% with a steady increase in prevalence to 60% by the end of the third year of life. Bruising of the hands and feet and of the lower legs was the most frequent type of injury. Head and facial injuries were most common between 18 months and 3 years (17% of children) but were rare at other ages. Injury to the lumbar region was unusual before 5 years but was present in 14% of children of school age. In 84 children of similar age where non-accidental injury was proved or suspected a different pattern of injury was present. Sixty per cent had injuries to the head and face; this increase in prevalence was seen at all ages. These children also had more frequent injuries in the lumbar region, particularly before the age of 5 years.
Government's proposed changes to copyright law will help research, Wellcome says
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Government plans to modernise copyright law should help researchers extract useful data from published research, using the latest digital techniques.

The proposed new law1 will make an exception in copyright law for those who use “data mining” to extract meaningful connections from texts to which they already have lawful access. For example, a medical researcher might want to analyse the side effects of a medicine by crunching the results of hundreds or even thousands of studies. …
Abstract 3005: Characterization of a lung cancer growth factor, LASEP1 as a serological and prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target
Authors: Atsushi Takano, Yusuke Nakamura, Yataro Daigo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract To identify molecules that might serve as biomarkers or targets for the development of novel molecular therapies, we have been screening genes encoding transmembrane/secretory proteins that are up-regulated in lung cancers, using cDNA microarrays. During this process, we identified a secreted protein, LASEP1 (lung cancer-associated serum protein 1) as a candidate. Immunohistochemical staining using tumor tissue microarrays consisting of 374 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) revealed that LASEP1 protein was frequently over-expressed in lung cancers; positive staining of LASEP1 was observed in 210 (56.1%) of 374 NSCLC, while that was observed in 9 (69.2%) of 13 small cell lung cancers (SCLC). In addition, a strong LASEP1 positivity was associated with poor prognosis for patients with NSCLC (P&amp;lt;0.001 by log-rank test), and multivariate analysis confirmed its independent prognostic value. Serum LASEP1 levels were higher in NSCLCs as well as SCLCs patients than in healthy volunteers. The proportion of serum LASEP1-positive cases was 127 (38.6%) of 329 lung cancers, while 4 (3.9%) of 102 healthy volunteers were falsely diagnosed. Furthermore, treatment of lung cancer cells with siRNAs against LASEP1 suppressed its expression and resulted in growth suppression of the lung cancer cells; on the other hand, induction of exogenous expression of LASEP1 conferred growth-promoting activity and enhanced the cell mobility in vitro. Interestingly, the growth activity of the LASEP1-positive cells was neutralized by addition of originally developed anti-LASEP1 monoclonal antibodies into their culture media. The systemic administration of the anti-LASEP1 antibody to LASEP1-positive tumor-implanted mice significantly suppressed tumor growth without any adverse events. We found a receptor (LASEPR) which interacts with LASEP1 on lung cancer cell surface and is essential for the growth of cancer cells. The data suggest that the LASEP1-LASEPR interaction could promote the cancer cell growth in an autocrine manner. LASEP1 is a potential serological and prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for lung cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3005. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3005
Real time 3D echocardiography for assessing atrial septal defect size and shunting: quantitative studies in a chronic animal model
Authors: T. Shiota, M. Jones, T. Ota, M. Chikada, J.B. Castellucci, O.T. von Ramm, J. Kisslo, T. Ryan, D.J. Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Sepsis in the Home
Authors: C. R. Kay
Journal: BMJ (1962)

ULCERATIVE COLITIS appears to affect the very young and the very old, and most of the patients here fall into these two categories.The results of this small series may perhaps be taken as an indication that correctly managed medical therapy has something to contribute in the acute case of colitis.The measures taken will be bound to improve the general condition of the patient.Even if surgery is later decided upon, the risks of operation will be reduced by the adequate correction of infection and deficiencies.Adrenocortical suppression should not have occurred, but in any case operative and post-operative steroids should be given to guard against this.It is suggested that the combined steroid regime be tried in all fulminating cases, but not persisted in if there is no favo'urable response in a few days, or abandoned should the patient's condition seriously deteriorate on treatment.Patients with surgical complications such as perforation or haemorrhage will of course require special surgical consideration.The results with com- bined intramuscular A.C.T.H. and intrarectal prednisolone are possibly superior to other reported regimes of steroid therapy.Summary The results of treating 12 cases of fulminating ulcerative colitis are reported.Combined intramuscular A.C.T.H. and prednisolone enemata assisted recovery in nine cases, with appropriate additional measures for correction of anaemia, shock, electrolyte imbalance, sepsis, etc.A possible synergic mechanism is suggested for the effectiveness of the steroid therapy.I thank the physicians and surgeons of the Royal Hospital for their co-operation and help, and permission to publish cases; the pathology department for much help; and Glaxo Laboratories Ltd. for generous supplies of " predsol" enemata.
Editorial
Authors: PAUL M. ZOLL, ARTHUR J. LINENTHAL
Journal: Circulation (1960)

THE MAJOR problem in Stokes-Adams disease remains the prevention of recur- rent seizures.Patients with atrioventricular block now can be resuscitated from ventricular standstill, tachyeardia, and fibrillation by the new technics of external electric stimulation and external countershock defibrillation.1' 2 Despite available pharmacologic meas- ures, however, attacks often recur and may be fatal.For assured prevention of seizures, whether due to ventricular standstill or fibril- lation, the unreliable intrinsic ventricular pacemaker must be replaced by a reliable electric one to drive the ventricle continuously and indefinitely.Because of the desperate nature of these problems in some patients, attempts have al- ready been made by several investigators to provide a permanent electric cardiac pace- maker.We shall consider here the many prob- lems that must be recognized and solved be- fore this approach is widely used. External StimulationExternal electric stimulation of the heart to arouse ventricular beats is most valuable in emergency resuscitation from ventrieular standstill.It has been used continuously for over 2 weeks in patients with no intrinsic ven- tricular activity, and almost continuously for
Abstract 603: Targeted <i>Casp8AP2</i> methylation increased drug resistance in mesenchymal stem cell and cancer cells
Authors: Yu-Wei Leu, Mei-Yu Pai, Chia-Chen Hsu, Kuan-Der Lee, Chih-Cheng Chen, Yao-Li Chen, Tim H.-M. Huang, Shu-Huei Hsiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Casp8AP2 is a FLASH protein that is critical for the formation of death complex and the relay of death signal into the cells. Genetic defect of Casp8AP2 was found in diseases like acute lymphoblastic leukemia, implying that the miss-expression of Casp8AP2 might cause disease. On the other hand, the promoter of Casp8AP2 is enriched with CpG islands and we observed differential methylation changes within Casp8AP2 promoter during mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) differentiation. Aberrant DNA methylation was also identified within the Casp8AP2 promoter in vivo like in liver cancers. It was then hypothesized that the abnormal DNA methylation within the Casp8AP2 promoter might contribute to the enhanced survival or drug resistance in cancer development. We determined the epigenetic states within the Casp8AP2 promoter in different cells and confirmed that there are methylation differences between the normal and tumoral samples within the Casp8AP2 promoter. Differential methylation was also observed between the drug resistant cancer cells and primary cancer cells. Global demethylation in drug resistant cell lines reversed the Casp8AP2 methylation, which was correlated with the reversed resistance phenotype. We then target-methylated the Casp8AP2 promoter in normal somatic stem cells and cancer cells like MDA-MB-231 and found increased drug resistance in these cells. These data point out that methylation within the death complex like Casp8AP2 might be able to serve as biomarker and treatment target for drug resistance in cancer cells. (Supported in part by NSC100-2320-B-194-001) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 603. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-603
Oxidant stress derails the cardiac connexon connection
Authors: Gordon F. Tomaselli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Connexin 43 (Cx43) is the major protein component of gap junctions that electrically couple cardiomyocytes at the intercalated disc. Oxidant stress, reduced Cx43 expression, and altered subcellular localization are present in many forms of structural heart disease. These changes in Cx43 lead to alterations in electrical conduction in the ventricle and predispose to lethal cardiac arrhythmias. In their study in this issue of the JCI, Smyth et al. tested the hypothesis that oxidant stress perturbs connexon forward trafficking along microtubules to gap junctions (see the related article beginning on page 266). Failing human ventricular myocardium exhibited a reduction in Cx43 and the microtubule-capping protein EB1 at intercalated discs. Oxidant stress in the adult mouse heart reduced N-cadherin, EB1, and Cx43 colocalization. In HeLa cells and neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes, peroxide exposure displaced EB1 from the plus ends of microtubules and altered microtubule dynamics. Mutational disruption of the EB1-tubulin interaction mimicked the effects of oxidant stress, including a reduction in surface Cx43 expression. These data provide important new molecular insights into the regulation of Cx43 at gap junctions and may identify targets for preservation of cellular coupling in the diseased heart.
Significant Predictive Factors for Prognosis of Primary Upper Urinary Tract Cancer after Radical Nephroureterectomy in Taiwanese Patients
Authors: Ching-Chia Li, Tu-Hao Chang, Wen-Jeng Wu, Hung-Lung Ke, Shu-Pin Huang, Pei-Chien Tsai, Shun-Jen Chang, Jung-Tsung Shen, Yii-Her Chou, Chun-Hsiung Huang
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Neutral endopeptidase modulation of septic shock.
Authors: B Lu, N P Gerard, L F Kolakowski, M Bozza, D Zurakowski, O Finco, M C Carroll, C Gerard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Neutral endopeptidase (NEP; EC. 3.4.24.11) is a type 2 cell surface metalloprotease known by a variety of eponyms, including enkephalinase, common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, and CD10. Identified substrates are largely neural or humoral oligopeptide agonists, and the enzyme functions to terminate signaling by degrading the ligand, analogously to acetylcholine/acetylcholinesterase. Targeted disruption of the NEP locus in mice results in enhanced lethality to endotoxin shock with a pronounced gene dosage effect. The site(s) of action appears downstream from release of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 since NEP-deficient animals demonstrate increased sensitivity to these mediators as well. This unexpected finding indicates an important protective role for NEP in septic shock.
ROENTGENOLOGIC CONTROL OF NERVE BLOCKS
Authors: Ralph R. Landes
Journal: JAMA (1952)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— In regard to the use of iodopyracet (diodrast®) in the control of nerve blocks (Alexander, F. A. D., and Lovell, B. K.: J. A. M. A.148:885 [March 15] 1952), I feel that a note of caution should be sounded. Urologists and radiologists not infrequently see x-ray evidence of inadvertent extravasation of this medium into the perirenal and periureteral spaces. This occurs when retrograde pyelography is done in the early postoperative period following renal, pelvic, or ureteral surgery. The medium may escape through incompletely healed renal, pelvic, or ureteral incisions. This also occurs when the medium is injected through a ureteral catheter that has inadvertently perforated the ureter or renal pelvis or parenchyma. Since the extravasation of the contrast medium is per se quite painless in deeper tissues, little attention has been paid to this occurrence.Recently I operated on a patient whose renal pelvis was
Nur77 Agonists Induce Proapoptotic Genes and Responses in Colon Cancer Cells through Nuclear Receptor–Dependent and Nuclear Receptor–Independent Pathways
Authors: Sung Dae Cho, Kyungsil Yoon, Sudhakar Chintharlapalli, Maen Abdelrahim, Ping Lei, Stanley Hamilton, Shaheen Khan, Shashi K. Ramaiah, Stephen Safe
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Nerve growth factor–induced Bα (NGFI-Bα, Nur77) is an orphan nuclear receptor with no known endogenous ligands; however, recent studies on a series of methylene-substituted diindolylmethanes (C-DIM) have identified 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(phenyl)methane (DIM-C-Ph) and 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(p-anisyl)methane (DIM-C-pPhOCH3) as Nur77 agonists. Nur77 is expressed in several colon cancer cell lines (RKO, SW480, HCT-116, HT-29, and HCT-15), and we also observed by immunostaining that Nur77 was overexpressed in colon tumors compared with normal colon tissue. DIM-C-Ph and DIM-C-pPhOCH3 decreased survival and induced apoptosis in RKO colon cancer cells, and this was accompanied by induction of tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) protein. The induction of apoptosis and TRAIL by DIM-C-pPhOCH3 was significantly inhibited by a small inhibitory RNA for Nur77 (iNur77); however, it was evident from RNA interference studies that DIM-C-pPhOCH3 also induced Nur77-independent apoptosis. Analysis of DIM-C-pPhOCH3–induced gene expression using microarrays identified several proapoptotic genes, and analysis by reverse transcription-PCR in the presence or absence of iNur77 showed that induction of programmed cell death gene 1 was Nur77 dependent, whereas induction of cystathionase and activating transcription factor 3 was Nur77 independent. DIM-C-pPhOCH3 (25 mg/kg/d) also inhibited tumor growth in athymic nude mice bearing RKO cell xenografts. These results show that Nur77-active C-DIM compounds represent a new class of anti–colon cancer drugs that act through receptor-dependent and receptor-independent pathways. [Cancer Res 2007;67(2):674–83]
Effect of Prolonged Methylprednisolone Therapy in Unresolving Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: G. Umberto Meduri, A. Stacey Headley, Emmel Golden, Stephanie J. Carson, Reba A. Umberger, Tiffany Kelso, Elizabeth A. Tolley
Journal: JAMA (1998)

No pharmacological therapeutic protocol has been found effective in modifying the clinical course of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and mortality remains greater than 50%.To determine the effects of prolonged methylprednisolone therapy on lung function and mortality in patients with unresolving ARDS.Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Medical intensive care units of 4 medical centers.Twenty-four patients with severe ARDS who had failed to improve lung injury score (LIS) by the seventh day of respiratory failure.Sixteen patients received methylprednisolone and 8 received placebo. Methylprednisolone dose was initially 2 mg/kg per day and the duration of treatment was 32 days. Four patients whose LIS failed to improve by at least 1 point after 10 days of treatment were blindly crossed over to the alternative treatment.Primary outcome measures were improvement in lung function and mortality. Secondary outcome measures were improvement in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and development of nosocomial infections.Physiological characteristics at the onset of ARDS were similar in both groups. At study entry (day 9 [SD, 3] of ARDS), the 2 groups had similar LIS, ratios of PaO2 to fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2), and MODS scores. Changes observed by study day 10 for methylprednisolone vs placebo were as follows: reduced LIS (mean [SEM], 1.7 [0.1] vs 3.0 [0.2]; P<.001); improved ratio of PaO2 to FIO2 (mean [SEM], 262 [19] vs 148 [35]; P<.001); decreased MODS score (mean [SEM], 0.7 [0.2] vs 1.8 [0.3]; P<.001); and successful extubation (7 vs 0; P=.05). For the treatment group vs the placebo group, mortality associated with the intensive care unit was 0 (0%) of 16 vs 5 (62%) of 8 (P=.002) and hospital-associated mortality was 2 (12%) of 16 vs 5 (62%) of 8 (P=.03). The rate of infections per day of treatment was similar in both groups, and pneumonia was frequently detected in the absence of fever.In this study, prolonged administration of methylprednisolone in patients with unresolving ARDS was associated with improvement in lung injury and MODS scores and reduced mortality.
Risk of incident diabetes among patients treated with statins: population based study
Authors: A. A. Carter, T. Gomes, X. Camacho, D. N. Juurlink, B. R. Shah, M. M. Mamdani
Journal: BMJ (2013)

To examine the risk of new onset diabetes among patients treated with different HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins).Population based cohort study with time to event analyses to estimate the relation between use of particular statins and incident diabetes. Hazard ratios were calculated to determine the effect of dose and type of statin on the risk of incident diabetes.Ontario, Canada.All patients aged 66 or older without diabetes who started treatment with statins from 1 August 1997 to 31 March 2010. The analysis was restricted to new users who had not been prescribed a statin in at least the preceding year. Patients with established diabetes before the start of treatment were excluded.Treatment with statins.Incident diabetes.Compared with pravastatin (the reference drug in all analyses), there was an increased risk of incident diabetes with atorvastatin (adjusted hazard ratio 1.22, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 1.29), rosuvastatin (1.18, 1.10 to 1.26), and simvastatin (1.10, 1.04 to 1.17). There was no significantly increased risk among people who received fluvastatin (0.95, 0.81 to 1.11) or lovastatin (0.99, 0.86 to 1.14). The absolute risk for incident diabetes was about 31 and 34 events per 1000 person years for atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, respectively. There was a slightly higher [corrected] absolute risk with simvastatin (26 outcomes per 1000 person years) compared with pravastatin (23 outcomes per 1000 person years). Our findings were consistent regardless of whether statins were used for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Although similar results were observed when statins were grouped by potency, the risk of incident diabetes associated with use of rosuvastatin became non-significant (adjusted hazard ratio 1.01, 0.94 to 1.09) when dose was taken into account.Compared with pravastatin, treatment with higher potency statins, especially atorvastatin and simvastatin, might be associated with an increased risk of new onset diabetes.