tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FRI0111 Defining Flare in Spondyloarthritis: Thresholds of Disease Activity Variations:
Authors: M. Godfrin-Valnet, M. Puyraveau, D. Wendling
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Spondyloarthritis (SpA) activity varies with time and treatment, but to date no clear definition of a flare of the disease is available. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate thresholds of disease activity variations using validated composite indexes <h3>Methods</h3> SpA patients fulfilling ASAS criteria and prospectively followed with at least two visits were evaluated using BASDAI, ASDAS-CRP and ASDAS-ESR. Patients and physician answered at each visit the question: "do you consider your SpA in a state of flare ?". Variations of BASDAI and ASDAS between visits were assessed and associated to the change of perception of a flare (yes/no). ROC curves were built to assess thresholds of variation in BASDAI end ASDAS associated with the change Flare: no to yes between visits. <h3>Results</h3> The patients were issued from a prospective series of 250 SpA. 99 situations with at least 2 visits were analyzed. The main characteristics of this cohort were: 67% men, mean age 45±12 years; disease duration: 16±10 y; 84% HLA-B27 positive; purely axial SpA: 81%; PASS at baseline: 56%; mean CRP: 8.6±13.5 mg/l. Mean BASDAI and ASDAS-CRP at baseline were 4.3±2.2 and 2.5±1.1 respectively. The kappa coefficient of agreement between patient and physician for considering a flare was 0.68. The main results of the ROC curves are reported in the table: <h3>Conclusions</h3> According to these results, an increase from a non-flare state of at least 2.1 units in BASDAI, 0.8 units in ASDAS-ESR or 1.3 units in ASDA-CRP is associated to (and may define) a flare, as considered by the patient and the physician. This is the first study assessing, in current practice, thresholds of variation of activity score associated with a flare in SpA. This may help physicians in the evaluation and management of the patients with SpA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4866
John Francis Skone
Authors: A. Macara
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Chief administrative medical officer South Glamorgan Area Health Authority (teaching) 1974-89 (b Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire, 1924; q Royal London Hospital, London, 1948; MD, FFCM, TD, LLM), d 2 December 2002.

After an early interest in paediatrics, John won a scholarship to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, gaining a DPH in 1952. After posts in Oxford, West Bromwich, the Isle of Wight, and Bristol, he became chief administrative medical officer, South Glamorgan Area Health Authority (teaching), in 1974. John was particularly interested in infectious diseases and their control. His papers on major civil disasters were a stimulus to the general introduction of local major disaster planning. He was chairman of the South Glamorgan division of the BMA and a major in the Territorial Army. He leaves a wife, Daphne; two children; and three grandchildren.
Clinical features of atopic dermatitis and a family history of atopy
Authors: E. Rudzki, Z. Samoghocki, D. Litewska, P. Rebandel, E. Saciuk, A. Ragzka
Journal: Allergy (1991)

In 365 children and 213 adults the characteristics of atopic dermatitis isolated by Hanifin and Rajka were analysed in relation to a family history of allergy. A positive history in both parents and/or their families was associated with higher IgE titres, earlier appearance of skin changes, more frequent occurrence of urticaria, allergic respiratory diseases, cheilitis, and, in women, nipple eczema. These changes were less frequent and the IgE titre was lower in patients with one atopic parent, and even less frequent (or lower IgE titre) in patients with no family history of atopic disease, although the latter difference was sometimes slight.
Monocytic leukemia with CALM/AF10 rearrangement showing mediastinal emphysema
Authors: Fumihiko Nakamura, Kazuhiro Maki, Yukihiro Arai, Yuichi Nakamura, Kinuko Mitani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract The t(10;11)(p12‐14;q14‐21) is a non‐random translocation that results in the fusion of CALM gene on chromosome 11 with AF10 gene on chromosome 10. This translocation is observed in acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and lymphoblastic lymphoma. Here we report a patient with t(10;11) who was diagnosed with AML‐M4. Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay revealed one type of CALM/AF10 and three types of AF10/CALM fusion transcripts. Sequencing analysis for these RT‐PCR products determined the breakpoint in CALM at nucleotide (nt) 1926–1927 and in AF10 at nt 423–424. The latter breakpoint was the same as that identified in three monocytic cell lines carrying t(10;11). After achieving complete remission, the patient developed mediastinal emphysema during the course of consolidation therapy, possibly due to the necrosis of his mediastinal mass. Monocytic leukemias with CALM/AF10 fusion are frequently associated with mediastinal invasion. We need to pay special attention to such a complication, even if the chest X‐ray is normal at presentation. Am. J. Hematol. 72:138–142, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ulcers and Gastritis
Authors: H. Kashiwagi
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

This article reviews recently published literature regarding ulcers and gastritis. Although endoscopy is the most useful procedure for diagnosis in the upper gastrointestinal tract, complications do occur, and procedure-related costs are significant. The appropriate indication for endoscopy has recently been debated. Helicobacter pylori is known to be an important pathogen involved in gastric and duodenal inflammation. Peptic ulcer disease and severe gastric mucosal injury are caused by virulent strains, and many reports have focused on CagA. Follow-up studies on surveillance endoscopy in patients with peptic ulcer or gastritis report that patients with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia are at significantly higher risk for gastric cancer. H. pylori eradication sometimes causes gastroduodenal erosion and reflux esophagitis, and the mechanisms involved have been revealed. Proton-pump inhibitors are useful in the treatment of ulcers caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), reflux esophagitis, and for preventing rebleeding after endoscopic hemostasis, but the effect of long-term acid suppression on the gastric mucosa is still a matter of debate. H. pylori infection and NSAID intake are both risk factors for peptic ulcer disease, and are important aspects in this field.
Prolonged maintenance of human hair follicles in vitro in a serum-free medium
Authors: G.E. WESTGATE, W.T. GIBSON, T. KEALEY, M.P. PHILPOTT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

We have previously reported the in vitro growth of human hair follicles for up to 4 days in a partially defined medium containing serum. We now report the prolonged in vitro growth of isolated human hair follicles for at least 9 days. This was achieved after analysis of the contribution of certain components of the original medium and, by a process of elimination, deriving a completely defined medium supplemented only with antibiotics, L-glutamine, insulin and hydrocortisone. We have shown, by [methyl-3H] thymidine autoradiography, that the hair follicles grown in this medium maintain an in vivo pattern of DNA synthesis, and that the gross morphology and histology of these maintained hair follicles remains similar to that of freshly isolated hair follicles. We have also shown that the patterns of keratin synthesis, as determined by [35S] methionine labelling, do not alter with maintenance.
Endocrinology An Endangered Species
Authors: Robert A Kreisberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

Endocrinology and metabolism, once a chosen subspecialty, has fallen on hard times. To understand the difficulties that confront this traditional subspecialty of internal medicine, its problems must also be viewed in the context of the overall problems facing internal medicine. There is considerable concern over the lack of interest among medical students for careers in internal medicine, and within internal medicine, and the lack of interest among residents for careers as subspecialists in endocrinology and metabolism and other noninvasive specialties. In the past, the best and the brightest of the senior medical students selected internal medicine for their graduate medical education. Although program directors of the most sought-after programs may not have noticed, most other program directors have observed a dramatic decline in the academic credentials of those students applying for residency positions in internal medicine.
Letter: Variability in response to drugs.
Authors: G D Burrows, B Davies
Journal: BMJ (1974)

correct period.The skewness of the distribu- tion suggests a bias towards slower rather than more rapid rates.Surprisingly perhaps this bias seems less evident when the solutions contained additives, though in this subgroup the proportion of correctly administered solutions was higher.It seems likely that the methods used in our survey will underestimate the true extent and size of variations in rate.Because we measured only the mean infusion rate shortterm decreases or increases would be missed.Attempts to correct these variations are commonly encountered in the ward as efforts to "get the bottle through in time" or to "slow it down a bit until we have someone free to change it."We look forward to hearing about the servo-controlled regulating clamp mentioned by Drs.Flack and Whyte, which will take a little of the uncertainty out of intravenous infusion therapy.-Weare, etc.,
Chest Imaging: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Howard L. Steinbach
Journal: JAMA (1982)

With the proliferation of imaging devices in the past ten years, there has been great progress in the diagnosis of chest diseases. It is the author's belief, and rightly so, that the large number of techniques available for chest imaging should be integrated by persons who are competent in all of them. This would lead to the more knowledgeable selection of those diagnostic procedures most likely to provide the information necessary to establish a correct diagnosis. This book includes the most common imaging methods used in the detection of chest diseases. Each method is discussed in a separate chapter. The 20 chapters are: "The Scope of Medical Chest Imaging"; "The Standard Chest Radiograph"; "Conventional Tomographic Techniques"; "Tomography of Localized Pulmonary Processes"; "Hilar Tomography"; "Whole Lung Tomography"; "Mediastinal Tomography"; "Pulmonary Angiography"; "Ultrasound of the Chest"; "Radionuclide Chest Imaging"; "Lung Scanning"; "Gallium Chest Scanning"; "Nuclide Angiography"; "Computerized Tomography of the Thorax"; "CT
Safety of PPAR Agonists
Authors: Philip Home
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

The thiazolidinediones pioglitazone and rosiglitazone were introduced into global markets in 1999–2000; we now have over 10 years of experience with them. The safety issues that it was fashionable to focus on at that time were abnormalities of liver function as a result of the rare but serious side effects of troglitazone, the thiazolidinedione then on the market. This turned out to be irrelavent for other thiazolidinediones without the antioxidant structure of troglitazone and has long since been forgotten in clinical practice.

Many practicing clinicians felt concern, however, with the mechanisms of action of these drugs, namely to influence gene expression (1). Although the chemical effects are quite specific, in terms of binding to peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors (PPARs), concern over unknown problems in longer-term use prevented their prescription by some. However, even at the time of marketing approval, the issue of fluid retention was a recognized problem of PPAR agonists as a class, and simple clinical logic implied that this might be an issue with regard to cardiac failure, leading to licensing cautions even at the time of approval (2–4). Troglitazone was already being investigated for preservation of β-cell function at that time, and a study set up to address the issue for rosiglitazone, A Diabetes Outcome Progression Trial (ADOPT), subsequently identified another safety issue—that of bone fractures in people taking thiazolidinediones (5). Before this, but receiving little attention, a suggestion appeared that rosiglitazone was associated with an adverse cardiovascular (CV) profile specifically in regard to myocardial ischemia, this becoming a headline issue after a later publication of an integrated trial-level analysis in New England Journal of Medicine (4,6) and resulting in a further regulatory review in the summer of 2010.

This article addresses four issues: 1 ) evidence for genotoxicity with thiazolidinediones; 2 ) our knowledge about …
Abstract 10232: Mechanistic Evaluation of Mechanical Dyssynchrony Indices and Their Ability to Predict Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Joost Lumens, Geert E Leenders, Maarten J Cramer, Bart W De Boeck, Pieter A Doevendans, Frits W Prinzen, Tammo Delhaas
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Clinical studies highlight variable power of traditional echocardiographic dyssynchrony parameters to predict response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and attribute it most...
Glycemic improvement in diabetic db/db mice by overexpression of the human insulin-regulatable glucose transporter (GLUT4).
Authors: E M Gibbs, J L Stock, S C McCoid, H A Stukenbrok, J E Pessin, R W Stevenson, A J Milici, J D McNeish
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The effects of increased GLUT4 (insulin-regulatable muscle/fat glucose transporter) expression on glucose homeostasis in a genetic model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were determined by expressing a human GLUT4 transgene (hGLUT4) in diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. A genomic hGLUT4 construct was microinjected directly into pronuclear murine embryos of db/+ matings to maintain the inbred background. Four lines of hGLUT4 transgenic mice were bred to homozygosity at the db locus and all showed a marked reduction of both fasted and fed plasma glucose levels (to approximately 50 and 360 mg/dl, respectively) compared with age-matched nontransgenic db/db mice (approximately 215 and 550 mg/dl, respectively), as well as an enhanced disposal of an oral glucose challenge. In situ immunocytochemical localization of GLUT4 protein in muscle from hGLUT4 db/db mice showed elevated plasma membrane-associated GLUT4 protein in the basal state, which markedly increased after an insulin/glucose injection. In contrast, nontransgenic db/db mice had low levels of plasma membrane-associated GLUT4 protein in the basal state with a relatively small increase after an insulin/glucose challenge. Since the intracellular GLUT4 levels in db/db mice were similar to nontransgenic db/+ mice, the glucose transport defect in db/db mice is at the level of glucose transporter translocation. Together, these data demonstrate that GLUT4 upregulation overcomes the glucose transporter translocation defect and alleviates insulin resistance in genetically diabetic mice, thus resulting in markedly improved glycemic control.
Long-term Risk of Cardiovascular Events With Rosiglitazone
Authors: Sonal Singh, Yoon K. Loke, Curt D. Furberg
Journal: JAMA (2007)

ContextRecent reports of serious adverse events with rosiglitazone use have raised questions about whether the evidence of harm justifies its use for treatment of type 2 diabetes.ObjectiveTo systematically review the long-term cardiovascular risks of rosiglitazone, including myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality.Data SourcesWe searched MEDLINE, the GlaxoSmithKline clinical trials register, the US Food and Drug Administration Web site, and product information sheets for randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published in English through May 2007.Study SelectionStudies were selected for inclusion if they were randomized controlled trials of rosiglitazone for prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes, had at least 12 months of follow-up, and monitored cardiovascular adverse events and provided numerical data on all adverse events. Four studies were included after detailed screening of 140 trials for cardiovascular events.Data ExtractionRelative risks (RRs) of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality were estimated using a fixed-effects meta-analysis of 4 randomized controlled trials (n = 14 291, including 6421 receiving rosiglitazone and 7870 receiving control therapy, with a duration of follow-up of 1-4 years).ResultsRosiglitazone significantly increased the risk of myocardial infarction (n = 94/6421 vs 83/7870; RR, 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.91; P = .02) and heart failure (n = 102/6421 vs 62/7870; RR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.52-2.88; P < .001) without a significant increase in risk of cardiovascular mortality (n = 59/6421 vs 72/7870; RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.63-1.26; P = .53). There was no evidence of substantial heterogeneity among the trials for these end points (I2 = 0% for myocardial infarction, 18% for heart failure, and 0% for cardiovascular mortality).ConclusionAmong patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes, rosiglitazone use for at least 12 months is associated with a significantly increased risk of myocardial infarction and heart failure, without a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Diffuse Abdominal Gallium-67 Citrate Uptake in Salmonella Infections
Authors: I GARTY, A KOREN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Two pediatric patients with salmonella infections (one with typhoid fever and the second with salmonella C2 gastroenteritis), had a diffuse abdominal uptake of Ga-67 citrate. The possible explanation for this finding is discussed. Salmonella infection should be included as a cause in the differential diagnosis of diffuse accumulation of Ga-67 citrate.
Mechanism of Estrogen-Imipramine Interaction
Authors: S. M. Somani
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This is a follow-up letter to the previous clinical reports by Prange (219:143, 1972) and Khurana (222:702, 1972), which did not include the mechanism of the estrogenimipramine interaction. This letter is intended to explain the biochemical basis of the said interaction. Imipramine is demethylated in the liver and other tissues to desmethylimipramine (DMP), which is further demethylated to desdimethylimipramine and later metabolized by hydroxylation and glucronide formation.<sup>1</sup>In the rat, DMP is slowly metabolized and accumulates in different tissues of the body including the brain and retains the antidepressant activity. Steroids inhibit drug metabolism in vitro.<sup>2</sup>Similarity exists in the properties of the enzyme system that metabolizes steroids in the liver and that which is responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and foreign compounds. A recent report,<sup>3</sup>by measuring half-life of antipyrine and phenylbutazone in 36 women taking oral contraceptive steroids, has shown
"Normal Central Venous Pressure," Significance of Reference Point and Normal Range
Authors: F. Debrunner, F. Buhler
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The principal methods for determining the central venous pressure have been compared in 26 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. The method in which the reference point is taken to be 10 cm. above the surface supporting a horizontal patient gave false high-pressure values. All the other methods, however, gave pressure values which corresponded to those obtained in the catheter studies.
Dream Psychology and the New Biology of Dreaming
Authors: Ernest Hartmann
Journal: JAMA (1970)

During the last 15 years there has been a huge amount of research in a field now known as the biology of dreaming. Many researchers, however, want to study the dream itself rather than its biology. This group of researchers is prominent among the authors of the present volume. The book begins with the traditional physiological chapter by Dr. Snyder. This is followed by a number of different viewpoints on the psychology of dreaming including some seldom-heard views such as the culturalist, Jungian, Adlerian, and existential. Meier, attempting to formulate a Jungian view of dreams, makes one excellent point: if, as Freudian theory suggests, censorship and repression together serve an important function in psychic health by keeping most dream material out of awareness, then a subject repeatedly awakened during D-periods in the laboratory and asked for his dreams would be expected to find this a quite terrifying experience, a forcible
Book Review Understanding Heart Sounds and Murmurs: With an introduction to lung sounds Second edition. By Ara G. Tilkian and Mary Boudreau Conover. 265 pp., illustrated, with audiocassette (60 min.). Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1984. $24.50. Understanding Lung Sounds By Steven Lehrer. 136 pp., illustrated, with audiocassette (60 min.). Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1984. $19.50.
Authors: Robert C. Loudon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)
Acute Ischemic Retinopathy due to Gentamicin Injection
Authors: Howard Schatz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We recently reviewed a number of cases in which gentamicin was inadvertently injected into an eye and caused blindness. The clinical picture of acute ischemic gentamicin toxicity of the retina and optic nerve is a remarkable one (Figure). The entire retina becomes ischemic and necrotic.<sup>1-3</sup> In the cases seen, gentamicin was either mistaken for balanced salt solution, or some other medication, and injected into the eye or was injected in such a way that a high concentration of it came in contact with the retina. Near the end of intraocular surgery, eye surgeons may inject balanced salt solution or some other physiological solution into the eye in order to regain intraocular pressure. In addition, at the end of certain eye operations, gentamicin is often injected under the conjunctiva, prophylactically.<sup>4</sup>If the gentamicin is drawn up early in the case and left in an unlabeled syringe,
O5.03 * APPLICATION OF LASER SPECKLE TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL BRAIN AREAS IN AWAKE SURGERY
Authors: J. Lemee, P. Abraham, A. Ter-Minassian, P. Menei
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

The laser speckle imaging is based on the analysis of speckle patterns produced by the reflection of a laser light on a surface. In a previous study, Klijn et al. used speckle laser imaging to monitor changes in motor cortex blood flow during motor tasks performed in awake patients by surgery, finding an activation pattern similar blood-oxygen-level dependent studied in functional MRI (fMRI). We report in this clinical case the study and detection of activation in brain areas involved in language by laser speckle imaging in a patient 30 years during awake. Mr J. was hospitalized in the Department of Neurosurgery of the University Hospital of Angers for a posterior temporal glial tumor. Brain areas involved in language were identified preoperatively using fMRI and during the surgery with cortical stimulation mapping. We studied during surgery the changes in cortical blood flow using a laser speckle Pericam PSI (Perimed) when the patient was performing naming tasks in a block paradigm, identical to that used during fMRI sequences. The acquired images were then realigned to remove motion artifacts. During surgery, stimulation of the posterior part of the supramarginal gyrus resulted in a reproducible suspension of language, corresponding to an identified langage area in fMRI. The laser speckle study showed a cyclic variation of the local blood flow of the previously identified area, increasing during the naming tests and returning to baseline levels during the sessions of rest. This case emphasizes the importance of laser speckle in the intraoperative analysis of changes in cortical blood flow. A study is ongoing in our service to validate the relevance of laser speckle as a means of identifying functional brain areas during awake surgery.