tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Protein Kinase 1 Activity and Histone H3 Phosphorylation in Oncogene-Transformed Mouse Fibroblasts
Authors: Bojan Drobic, Paula S. Espino, James R. Davie
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Activation of the Ras-Raf-mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase-ERK signal transduction pathway or the SAPK2/p38 pathway results in the activation of mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 (MSK1). This activation of MSK1 leads to a rapid phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser(10). Previously, we had demonstrated that Ser(10) phosphorylated H3 was elevated in Ciras-3 (c-Ha-ras-transformed 10T12) mouse fibroblasts and that H3 phosphatase activity was similar in Ciras-3 and 10T12 cells. Here, we demonstrate that the activities of ERK and MSK1, but not p38, are elevated in Ciras-3 cells relative to these activities in the parental 10T12 cells. Analyses of the subcellular distribution of MSK1 showed that the H3 kinase was similarly distributed in Ciras-3 and 10T12 cells, with most MSK1 being present in the nucleus. In contrast to many other chromatin modifying enzymes, MSK1 was loosely bound in the nucleus and was not a component of the nuclear matrix. Our results provide evidence that oncogene-mediated activation of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway elevates the activity of MSK1, resulting in the increased steady-state levels of phosphorylated H3, which may contribute to the chromatin decondensation and aberrant gene expression observed in these cells.
Down syndrome with coexistent gout: report of six patients and possible reasons for the scarcity of descriptions of this association.
Authors: N Kamatani, H Yamanaka, S Totokawa, S Kashiwazaki, M Higurashi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

Letters to the editor fluid by phenol/chloroform extraction.DNA was obtained from synovial fluid cells by homogenisation in TRI reagent (Molecular Research Centre, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA).DNA extracts were stored at -800C.DNA extracts were tested for B 19 DNA by a nested PCR assay.8DNA extracts from positive (viraemic) and negative control sera were included in each run.The C reactive protein was above 10 mg litre'1 in all but four rheumatoid arthritis patients, providing evidence of rheumatoid disease activity (table ).In serum, 14 of 18 rheumatoid arthritis patients (77%) and eight of 11 non-RA patients (73%) were positive for anti-B19 IgG (table ).In synovial fluid, nine of 18 rheumatoid arthritis patients (50%) and seven of 11 non-RA patients (64%) were positive for anti-B19 IgG (table ).Serum and synovial fluid from all patients from both groups were anti-B19 IgM negative.Serum, synovial fluid, and synovial fluid cells from all patients tested negative for serum B 19 DNA.Nikkari et al9 found serological evidence of recent parvoviral infection in four of 135 rheumatoid arthritis patients and two of 62 controls.No evidence for the presence of B 19 DNA was found in 18 synovial fluids, 21 samples of synovial fluid granulocytes, and 40 sera, all obtained from 65 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.Results of the present study-in which B19 DNA was not detected in serum, synovial fluid, or synovial fluid cells of either rheumatoid arthritis or non-RA patients-are consistent with those of Nikkari.The PCR sensitivity of the present study was of the order of 10-100 genome copies per mli' and is comparable to that of Nikkari.9Although not part of the present study, B19 DNA has been found in rheuma- toid synovia.&15 .However, results of these studies are conflicting"'0 and it may be that B19 viraemia frequently leads to persistence in synovial macrophages.'0In conclusion, from the data obtained in this study, a role for B19 in the pathogenesis of acute joint swelling in rheumatoid arthritis patients was not supported.
CLINICAL AND TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC VARIABLES FOR THROMBOEMBOLIC RISK PREDICTION IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AT LOW-INTERMEDIATE RISK
Authors: Keiko Nakagawa, Tadakazu Hirai, Kazumasa Ohara, Nobuyuki Fukuda, Satoshi Numa, Shutaro Takashima, Takashi Nozawa, Kortaro Tanaka, Hiroshi Inoue
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Prevention of Rheumatic Fever
Authors: Benedict F. Massell
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The development of methods for preventing recurrences of rheumatic fever by preventing group A streptococcal respiratory infections has been a major factor in the reduction of prevalence and severity of rheumatic heart disease. Although the intramuscular injection of 1.2 million units of benzathine penicillin G every four weeks is probably most effective for prophylaxis, the method has not gained wide acceptance—largely because of frequent prolonged pain at the site of injection and because of the risk of untoward reactions. For this reason, most physicians prescribe penicillin, to be taken daily by mouth, for prophylaxis in patients who have had rheumatic fever or who have rheumatic heart disease. In a long-term family study comparing patients with rheumatic fever receiving prophylaxis therapy, with siblings not receiving prophylaxis therapy, we found that orally administered penicillin (usually 200,000 units, twice a day) reduced the incidence of significant streptococcal respiratory infections by
Interauterine Transfusion: 101 Consecutive Cases treated at Queen Charlotte's Maternity Hospital
Authors: E. M. Holt, I. E. Boyd, C. J. Dewhurst, J. Murray, C. H. Naylor, J. H. Smitham
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Intrauterine transfusion was performed or attempted in 101 cases during a period of four and a half years. After exclusion of six cases, for reasons detailed in the text, 95 cases are considered in detail. Intrauterine transfusion was successfully performed in 93 of these, with a mean of 2.8 transfusions each. Forty-four babies (46.3%) survived and all but one are so far developing normally.
Bacteriostatic and Acidifying Effects of Methionine, Hydrolyzed Casein and Ascorbic Acid on the Urine
Authors: D. F. McDonald, G. P. Murphy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE search for effective urinary antibacterial agents is never ending. Recent reports propose dl-methionine as an effective agent for urinary antisepsis. It has been said to lower urinary pH and promote excretion of bacteriostatic substances.1 , 2 About 40 per cent of the methionine given orally has been accounted for as increased urinary sulfate. Free methionine and aminobutyric acid are also excreted in the urine.3 Escherichia coli, streptococcus, pseudomonas, proteus and staphylococcus species of common urinary pathogens have been found to metabolize and require methionine.4 5 6 7 8 The d-isomer is not utilized for growth by these bacteria. Also, d-aminobutyric acid, a metabolite of . . .
A5.3 Alterations on Peripheral Blood B Cell Compartments in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relevance For Monitoring Lupus Activity and Therapy
Authors: Isabel Silva, Luis Inês, Ana Henriques, José António P da Silva, Artur Paiva
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Despite recent insights on abnormalities of blood B cell subsets in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a peripheral blood biomarker with useful clinical information about the occurrence of an active disease period hasn't yet been achieved. Moreover, the clinical relevance of anti-dsDNA antibodies and their utility for monitoring an individual patient remains a matter of debate. In this sense, we attempt to determine whether the degree of abnormalities of circulating B cell subsets correlates with SLE disease activity and constitute an useful tool for SLE patients monitoring. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> We analysed by flow cytometry the major circulating B cell subsets (immature, naïve, memory and plasmablast) and their expression profile of B cell related molecules (CD19, CD20, CD81 and BAFFR) in 43 SLE patients, 18 with active and 25 with inactive disease, according to the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI, 2k), as well as in 30 healthy individuals. <h3>Results</h3> The results pointed to the existence of significant alterations on B cell homeostasis that are significantly correlated with disease activity. An overall decrease in absolute numbers of all B cell subsets was observed in SLE patients, with the exception of IgGplasmablast that remained equal or even higher than in the control group, particularly in active disease. Additionally, a higher number of plasmablast expressing each Ig-heavy chain isotypes was found in patients with mucocutaneous involvement. Moreover, among memory B cells, an increased IgG and decreased IgM positive cellswas observed in both SLE groups. Furthermore, a decreased expression of CD19 observed in active disease and an increased BAFFR expression in inactive disease in the majority of B cell subsets, may contribute not only for breaking tolerance during B cell development, but also for enhancing plasmablast survival. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In conclusion, flow cytometric monitoring of circulating B cell subsets, particularly focused on relative and absolute numbers of IgG plasmablasts, could provide a useful tool for monitoring disease activity, but also the therapy efficacy in patients with SLE.
HIV infection and smoking behavior
Authors: R. M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The interesting study by Halsey et al 1 showed an association between smoking and an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Haitian women. We would like to add a few comments to the authors' discussion of their findings.  The authors investigated the risk of HIV infection among women who reported during the first interview that they had ever smoked. Presumably, every smoker in this case included current and former smokers. The authors did not report the percentage of ever smokers in their study who were former smokers. The observation that 29 (33%) of the 89 smokers at the first interview had stopped smoking by the second interview implies that a substantial proportion of the smokers at the first interview may have been former smokers.  If the risk of HIV infection declines after smoking cessation—as do the risks of most smoking-related diseases 2 —the
Immunology and Immunopathology: Basic Concepts
Authors: M. Lawrence Podolsky
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In their preface the authors state that "this book is intended for both medical school and the biological sciences, including medical technology and veterinary medicine." On the back cover, the publisher adds that this book is "designed as a comprehensive, clinical introduction to the basic principles of immunology and immunopathology, [and is] an intermediate-level text written for students of medicine, medical technology, and nursing as well as for practicing clinicians and laboratory personnel." This ambitious endeavor is not fulfilled because nurses and medical students do not share a common level of comprehension with the highly sophisticated or advanced specialist in immunology and immunopathology. Inasmuch as no single volume could effectively achieve these broad ideals, the authors have had to abbreviate and even omit many clinical entities to allow for the more comprehensive denouement of immunologic concepts. An example of this glossing over of subjects that may be of particular interest
Qualitative study of the meaning of personal care in general practice
Authors: C. Tarrant
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> To explore patients9 perceptions of the features of personal care and how far these are shared by healthcare providers; whether a continuing relationship between a health professional and a patient is essential for personal care; and the circumstances in which a continuing relationship is important. <b>Design</b> Qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews using the “framework” approach. <b>Setting</b> Six general practices in Leicestershire. <b>Participants</b> 40 patients aged ≥ 18 years, 13 general practitioners, 10 practice and community nurses, and six practice administrative staff, recruited through participating practices. <b>Results</b> Patients9 and healthcare providers9 accounts cited human communication, individualised treatment or management, and whole person care as features of personal care. Personal care was described in three different contexts—a continuing relationship, a single consultation, and from the practice as a whole. The extent to which a continuing relationship was important for personal care was determined by the reason for consulting, as well as patients9 consulting history and lifestyle. <b>Conclusions</b> Patients, general practitioners, primary care nurses, and administrative staff hold similar views on the meaning of personal care, despite differences of emphasis reflecting their different roles. Personal care is promoted by but not always dependent on a continuing provider-patient relationship; human communication and individualised care emerged as important in making care personal whatever the context. Most respondents valued relationships in primary care and had clear ideas about when care in the context of a relationship was most valuable.
The Lung's Quiet Zone
Authors: Jere Mead
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Two articles in this issue call attention to the functional importance of disease in smaller airways: Gas Exchange Abnormalities in Mild Bronchitis and Asymptomatic Asthma, by Levine, Housley, MacLeod and Macklem, and Age as a Factor in the Distribution of Lower-Airway Conductance and in the Pathologic Anatomy of Obstructive Lung Disease, by Hogg, Williams, Richardson, Macklem and Thurlbeck. These papers come from the same institution and stem from an idea that originated there a year or so ago. To express the idea, we need to have in mind some rudiments of tracheobronchial anatomy. The modern source book for this is . . .
Isolation from human plasma of a plasminogen activator identical to urinary high molecular weight urokinase.
Authors: J D Tissot, P Schneider, J Hauert, M Ruegg, E K Kruithof, F Bachmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Two different plasmatic plasminogen activators (PA) can be demonstrated after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of plasma freshly collected from resting volunteers, followed by transfer of the gels onto plasminogen-rich fibrin-agarose plates. These two PA are also present in plasmas deficient in coagulation Factor XI, Factor XII, prekallikrein, or high molecular weight-kininogen. The slower-moving PA has an apparent 85,000 Mr and is immunologically unrelated to urokinase (UK). The faster moving PA was isolated by immunoadsorption of plasma on anti-UK IgG coupled to Sepharose 4B and appears to be identical to urinary high molecular weight-UK.
Reversal of Atrial Mechanical Dysfunction After Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Prashanthan Sanders, Joseph B. Morton, Peter M. Kistler, Jitendra K. Vohra, Jonathan M. Kalman, Paul B. Sparks
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Atrial mechanical "stunning" develops after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) and is implicated in the genesis of thromboembolic complications. However, the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are poorly understood. Whether atrial mechanical dysfunction caused by AF can be reversed by pacing at increased rates or by pharmacological agents is unknown.Twenty-six patients with AF undergoing cardioversion were dichotomized prospectively on the basis of the duration of arrhythmia as short-duration (1 to 6 months) or long-duration (> or =3 years) AF. Left atrial appendage emptying velocities (LAAEVs) and spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (LASEC) were assessed by transesophageal echocardiography during AF, after reversion to sinus rhythm, during atrial pacing at cycle lengths of 750 to 250 ms, after a postpacing pause, and with isoproterenol. In patients with short-duration AF, LAAEV decreased (42.0+/-2.7 to 18.5+/-2.0 cm/s; P<0.0001) and LASEC increased (0.9+/-0.3 to 2.2+/-0.3; P<0.01) with termination of AF; pacing increased LAAEV (48.3+/-4.1 cm/s; P<0.0001) and decreased LASEC (1.5+/-0.3; P<0.01); isoproterenol increased LAAEV (73.3+/-7.8 cm/s; P<0.0001) and decreased LASEC (0.3+/-0.2; P<0.01); and the postpacing pause increased LAAEV (68.3+/-3.8 cm/s; P<0.0001). In contrast, patients with long-duration AF demonstrated a significantly attenuated response of atrial mechanical function at each time point. With termination of AF, LAAEV decreased (19.1+/-2.6 to 8.2+/-1.0 cm/s; P=0.003) and LASEC increased (2.0+/-0.2 to 3.3+/-0.2; P<0.01); pacing increased LAAEV (18.4+/-2.7 cm/s; P<0.0001) and decreased LASEC (2.3+/-0.2; P<0.01); isoproterenol increased LAAEV (26.1+/-3.9 cm/s; P=NS to equivalent atrial rate) and decreased LASEC (1.0+/-0.3; P<0.01); and the postpacing pause increased LAAEV (27.2+/-2.4 cm/s; P=0.007).Atrial pacing at increased rates and isoproterenol can reverse atrial mechanical stunning associated with short-duration AF. In contrast, long-duration AF is associated with an attenuated response to these maneuvers. These findings suggest a functional contractile apparatus in the mechanically remodeled atrium caused by AF; however, with longer durations of AF, additional factors may determine atrial mechanical function.
Hospital and Community: Studies in External Relationships of the Administrator
Authors: David Littauer
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The modern community general hospital is changing rapidly. From an introverted institution passively receiving patients as an extension of the physicians' clinical practices, it has become a complex organization actively engaged in patient care, education in the health professions, medical and scientific research, and numerous community health services. Perforce it has adopted many postures toward the publics it serves: a patient-care institution, a business establishment, an educational enterprise, a social system, and often an arm of religion or government. Increasingly it is involved in the economic and legal systems of our society. The role of the chief administrative officer has necessarily grown more complex and demanding. He must understand the ethics of the medical profession; he must be a sound businessman and manager, a practitioner of public relations, and a good speaker. He must have a working knowledge of the grantawarding agencies, of the requirements of accrediting bodies, and of
Interferon for Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: John B. Wong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 January 1996Interferon for Chronic Hepatitis BJohn B. Wong, MD, Stephen G. Pauker, MD, and Raymond S. Koff, MDJohn B. Wong, MDNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111MetroWest Medical Center; Framingham, MA 01701Search for more papers by this author, Stephen G. Pauker, MDNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111MetroWest Medical Center; Framingham, MA 01701Search for more papers by this author, and Raymond S. Koff, MDNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111MetroWest Medical Center; Framingham, MA 01701Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-2-199601150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate the concerns expressed in these letters. Although a randomized trial examining the efficacy of interferon for survival or cirrhosis prevention would provide definitive evidence, it would require many patients to be followed for a long period—a costly and risky enterprise. Given the known complications of hepatitis B and the increasing number of antiviral agents, a control group untreated for such a lengthy trial would be difficult to maintain. Treatment decisions must be based on the best available data. We believe that the data available in 1995 support the belief that interferon prolongs life and lowers costs.... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111MetroWest Medical Center; Framingham, MA 01701 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 2Page: 277KeywordsAntiviralsChronic hepatitis BCirrhosisHepatitis BHepatocellular carcinomaInterferonsLife expectancyLiverRandomized trials Issue Published: 15 January 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Could Performance-Enhancing Drugs Be Responsible for Small Pituitary Volume in Retired Boxers?
Authors: Daniel S. Berman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters20 January 2009Could Performance-Enhancing Drugs Be Responsible for Small Pituitary Volume in Retired Boxers?Daniel S. Berman, MDDaniel S. Berman, MDFrom White Plains, NY 10605.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-2-200901200-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with great interest the recent report by Tanriverdi and colleagues (1). The authors report that 8 out of 17 retired boxers had growth hormone deficiency. They also reported that growth hormone deficiency correlated with small pituitary volume and suggested that the head trauma involved in boxing could explain this observation.I would like to suggest an alternative explanation. Over the past year, much information has come to light regarding the use of performance-enhancing drugs in professional sports in the United States, particularly in baseball. Growth hormone and steroids have been the most commonly mentioned performance-enhancing ...Reference1. Tanriverdi F, Unluhizarci K, Kocyigit I, Tuna IS, Karaca Z, Durak AC, et al. Brief communication: pituitary volume and function in competing and retired male boxers. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:827-31. [PMID: 18519929] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From White Plains, NY 10605.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoBrief Communication: Pituitary Volume and Function in Competing and Retired Male Boxers Fatih Tanriverdi , Kursad Unluhizarci , Ismail Kocyigit , Ibrahim S. Tuna , Zuleyha Karaca , Ahmet C. Durak , Ahmet Selcuklu , Felipe F. Casanueva , and Fahrettin Kelestimur Could Performance-Enhancing Drugs Be Responsible for Small Pituitary Volume in Retired Boxers? Fatih Tanriverdi , Kursad Unluhizarci , and Fahrettin Kelestimur Metrics 20 January 2009Volume 150, Issue 2Page: 144KeywordsAdrenocorticotropic hormoneConflicts of interestDrugsGrowth hormoneHead injuryHormonesObservational studiesPituitary glandSportsSteroids ePublished: 20 January 2009 Issue Published: 20 January 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...