tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity in expression of antimicrobial proteins in normal and crohn's disease small intestinal paneth cells
Authors: N. Ghosh, Y. R. Mahida
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Paneth cells are normally located at the base of small intestinal crypts and express a number of antimicrobial factors that are believed to be important in host protection against luminal bacteria. There is increasing interest in the role of Paneth cells in the pathogenesis of Crohn9s disease. The aim of this studies was to investigate immunoreactivity for the antimicrobial proteins human defensin (HD)-5, lysozyme and secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) in normal and Crohn9s disease small intestinal mucosal samples. <h3>Methods</h3> Sequential sections were obtained from normal small intestinal mucosal samples (n=9) and those affected by Crohn9s disease (n=10) and used for immunohistochemical studies using specific antibodies. For each section, cells immunoreactive for HD-5, lysozyme and sPLA2 were counted in 10 sequential, well-orientated, crypt-villus units. To assess co-expression of antimicrobial proteins by individual cells, a suitable crypt was identified and studied in all three sequential sections from each mucosal sample. Data are expressed as mean (SEM). <h3>Results</h3> Normal small intestinal crypts: compared to Paneth cells immunoreactive for HD-5 (31.1 (4.9) per 10 crypts) and lysozyme (30.0 (4.5)), there were significantly fewer sPLA2 positive cells (15.3 (2.7); p&lt;0.01). Small intestinal Crohn9s disease crypts: numbers of HD-5 (42.1 (7.7)) and lysozyme (43.9 (8.3)) immunoreactive cells were significantly greater than sPLA2 labelled Paneth cells (14.5 (4.0); p&lt;0.01). For all the sections, sPLA2 immunoreactivity was generally weaker than for the other two antimicrobial proteins. There were no significant differences between normal and Crohn9s disease crypts in the number of Paneth cells labelled for HD-5, lysozyme or sPLA2. Crypt cells immunoreactive for sPLA2 in normal and Crohn9s disease samples were also positive for HD-5 (91.7% and 100% respectively) and lysozyme (91.7% and 100% respectively). Majority of HD-5 labelled cells were also positive for lysozyme (78.4% in normal and Crohn9s disease). Of the lysozyme labelled Paneth cells, 85.3% and 86.6% were HD-5 immunoreactive in normal and Crohn9s disease samples respectively. Crypt luminal immunoreactivity for HD-5/lysozyme/sPLA2 was seen in 4/2/1 (respectively) normal and 6/3/1 Crohn9s disease samples. Outside the crypt region, HD-5/lysozyme/sPLA2 immunoreactive cells with morphological features of intermediate cells were seen in 2/1/0 (respectively) normal small intestinal and 6/4/4 Crohn9s disease samples. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There is heterogeneity in the expression of the antimicrobial proteins HD-5, lysozyme and sPLA2 in Paneth and non-Paneth epithelial cells in normal and Crohn9s disease small intestine.
Point-of-care genetic testing for personalisation of antiplatelet treatment (RAPID GENE): a prospective, randomised, proof-of-concept trial
Authors: Jason D Roberts, George A Wells, Michel R Le May, Marino Labinaz, Chris Glover, Michael Froeschl, Alexander Dick, Jean-Francois Marquis, Edward O'Brien, Sandro Goncalves, Irena Druce, Alexandre Stewart, Michael H Gollob, Derek YF So
Journal: The Lancet (2012)
THE COMPOSITION OF THE BILE FOLLOWING THE RELIEF OF BILIARY OBSTRUCTION 1
Authors: Carl H. Greene, Waltman Walters, Clyde H. Fredrickson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1930)

The significance of the liver, as the largest glandular organ in the body, and its paramount importance in certain phases of intermediary metabolism, contrasts strangely with the paucity of knowledge, at least in man, concerning its secretion, the bile.The characteristic biliary constituents, bilirubin, the bile acids and cholesterol have been isolated and identified chemically.Experimental work on animals, especially on dogs with permanent biliary fistulas, has indicated the multiplicity of factors, such as diet, dimate, fasting, various chemical poisons, infections and exercise, which may affect either the volume or composition of the bile.In this connection, the earlier work of Bidder and Schmidt (1852), and of Stadelmann (1891, 1896) and, in recent years, that of Whipple (1922) and Rous (1925) and their collaborators has been of fundamental significance.As a result of these studies it is now recognized that there may be great variations in the flow of bile from day to day.The secretion of bile pigment, on the other hand, continues at a fairly constant rate except for changes due to hemorrhage, anemia or other disturances in the metabolism of the blood pigments.In consequence, the concen- trations of the bile pigments tends to vary inversely with the volume of the bile, and McMaster, Broun and Rous (1923), and Greene and Snell (1928) have emphasized the extreme variations in concentration which occasionally may be found.The intimate relation between the diet and the excretion of cholesterol in the bile has recently been 1 Preliminary report given at the Twenty-second Annual meeting of the
Inguinal hernioplasty using mosquito net mesh in low income countries: an alternative and cost effective prosthesis
Authors: B. M. Stephenson, A. N. Kingsnorth
Journal: BMJ (2011)

In Africa, prosthetic repair of inguinal hernias with commercially available mesh is often considered too expensive. <b>Brian Stephenson</b> and <b>Andrew Kingsnorth</b> investigated whether mosquito net mesh is a plausible alternative
IL-21 Limits NK Cell Responses and Promotes Antigen-Specific T Cell Activation
Authors: Marion T Kasaian, Matthew J Whitters, Laura L Carter, Leslie D Lowe, Jason M Jussif, Bijia Deng, Kaley A Johnson, JoAnn S Witek, Mayra Senices, Richard F Konz, Andrea L Wurster, Debra D Donaldson, Mary Collins, Deborah A Young, Michael J Grusby
Journal: Immunity (2002)
The peripheral microcirculation in atrial fibrillation: preservation of capillary pressure and filtration coefficient
Authors: I. R Mahy, A. C Shore, L D. Smith, J. E Tooke
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to assess whether atrial fibrillation results in disturbances of capillary pressure and capillary filtration coefficient in man. Methods: Finger nailfold capillary pressure and calf capillary filtration coefficient were measured in subjects in atrial fibrillation and in matched healthy controls in sinus rhythm. Capillary pressure was measured by direct cannulation using an electronic resistance feedback servonulling technique, and capillary filtration coefficient by mercury-in-Silastic strain gauge plethysmography using a technique believed not to invoke the venoarteriolar response. Results: Mean capillary pressure did not differ significantly between subjects in atrial fibrillation and those in sinus rhythm [18.4(SD 5.1) mm Hg in atrial fibrillation v 18.0(2.9) mm Hg in sinus rhythm]. In a subgroup of patients restored to sinus rhythm (n = 7) by dc cardioversion there was no significant alteration in capillary pressure [15.3(4.2) mm Hg v 16.6(2.8) mm Hg]. Capillary filtration coefficient was also similar in subjects in atrial fibrillation to that in healthy controls in sinus rhythm [2.81(0.65) kfu in atrial fibrillation v 2.87(0.69) kfu in sinus rhythm]. Conclusions: These data would suggest that under resting conditions autoregulatory mechanisms are able to preserve microvascular homeostasis despite the central changes associated with atrial fibrillation. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:1555-1558
Acute Intestinal Obstruction Caused by Macaroni
Authors: David Pecora, Enrico Pepe, Philip Cooper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

A REVIEW of the literature reveals that intestinal obstruction by food substances is not uncommon. In 1932 Elliot1 collected 40 cases caused by mushrooms, cherry stones, beans, figs, oats, potatoes, apples, pears, peas, corn, grapes, poppy seeds, "ammunition bread," sauerkraut, gooseberries, raisins, oranges, popcorn and bran. In 1939 DeBakey and Ochsner2 collected 126 cases of phytobezoars of which 73 per cent were composed of persimmons. Phytobezoars were found to occur three times more commonly in males than in females. We have been able to find 42 cases3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 of small-bowel phytobezoars reported since 1940. These were composed of apricots, oranges, carrots, . . .
Millions of unprotected civilians in Darfur are at risk, aid agencies warn
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Plans by the African Union to hand over peacekeeping responsibilities to the United Nations were put on hold last week, after an intense lobbying campaign by the government of Sudan. The Sudanese government portrayed a United Nations' handover as a colonial venture led by the United States and warned that Darfur would become a “graveyard” for foreign troops. The African Union's peace and security council decided to extend its mission in Darfur for another six months to allow time to agree deployment of a more robust UN force.

Oxfam's regional director, Paul …
Establishing a minor illness nurse in a busy general practice
Authors: G N Marsh, M L Dawes
Journal: BMJ (1995)

To study the feasibility of a practice nurse caring for patients with minor illnesses.Nurse given training in dealing with patients with minor illnesses. Patients requesting a same day appointment were offered a nurse consultation.Group practice in Stockton on Tees.Number of consultations which required a doctor contact, treatment, and rate of reconsultation.Of 696 consultations in six months, 602 (86%) required no doctor contact. 549 (79%) patients did not reconsult about the episode of illness, and 343 (50%) patients were given advice on self care only.Trained nurses could diagnose and treat a large proportion of patients currently consulting general practitioners about minor illness provided that the nurse has immediate access to a doctor.
Visualization of a Parathyroid Adenoma with Tc-99m MIBI in a Case with Iodine Saturation and Impaired Thallium Uptake
Authors: KAAN OSMANAGAOGLU, KAREL SCHELSTRAETE, MARIANNE LIPPENS, ERIC OBRIE, INGRID DE FEYTER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

OSMANAGAOGLU, KAAN M. D.*; SCHELSTRAETE, KAREL M. D.*; LIPPENS, MARIANNE M. D.*; OBRIE, ERIC M. D.†; FEYTER, INGRID DE M. D.† Author Information
Impaired megakaryocytopoiesis in type 2B von Willebrand disease with severe thrombocytopenia
Authors: Paquita Nurden, Najet Debili, William Vainchenker, Regis Bobe, Raymonde Bredoux, Elisabeth Corvazier, Robert Combrie, Edith Fressinaud, Dominique Meyer, Alan T. Nurden, Jocelyne Enouf
Journal: Blood (2006)
P746Polyenoic fatty acids levels in essential hypertensive patients:
Authors: V Dmitriev, E Oschepkova, V Titov
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Objective: Some authors were evidence for important pathogenic role of polyenoic fatty acids (PFA) in development of hypertension in alone experimental studies. The aim of our study was compare PFA levels in Essential hypertensive (EH) pts and healthy volunteers; evaluate association between PFA and Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels. Design and Methods: 50 EH pts (30 M, 20 F) grade 1 or 2, av. age 47,0±1,8 years; 10 healthy normotensive volunteers (6M, 4 F) av. age 48,5 ± 3,9 years (n/s). PFA (Eikosatetraenic, Eikosapentaenic, Dokosopentaenic, Dokosogeksaenic fatty acids) was defined by a method of gas chromatography. A Cholesterol (CH) and Triglyceride (TG) level was defined by enzymatic method. 60 % EH pts had high CH and 36 % high TG levels. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) was defined by a method of turbidymetry. The statistical analysis was carried out by nonparametric methods of Mann-Whitney and Spearman with STATISTICA 6. The data is presented as M±SE. Results: The averages levels PFA in the EH pts were considerably higher compared to healthy group (Tab). In the EH pts was found positive association Cholesterol level with 20:04 (r=0,33; p=0,01), 20:05 (r=0,37; p=0,05), 22:06 (r=0,48;p<0,001) levels and Triglyceride level with 20:04 (r=0,27; p=0,05), 20:05 (r=0,32; p<0,05), 22:06 (r=0,26;p=0,05) levels. We didn't found significant association C-reactive protein, LDL and HDL level with polyenoic fatty acids levels. Conclusion: In our study high levels of polyenoic fatty acids was found in EH pts. Also we found significant association just between PFA, Cholesterol a Triglyceride levels.
355 ROLE OF RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION IN THE TREATMENT OF COLORECTAL LIVER METASTASIS
Authors: H.M. Abdeldayem, I. Abdelkader Salama, T.A. Essam El-Deen, A.O. Touny, M.A. Osman, O. Elabd, M. El-Waraky, H. Gad, E. Salah Hamad, A. Helmy
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
The Impact of Maternal Glycemia and Obesity on Early Postnatal Growth in a Nondiabetic Caucasian Population
Authors: Bridget Knight, Beverley M. Shields, Anita Hill, Roy J. Powell, David Wright, Andrew T. Hattersley
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

OBJECTIVE—Offspring of mothers with diabetes have increased birth weight and higher rates of obesity in early childhood. The relative role of maternal glycemia and maternal obesity is uncertain. We therefore studied the impact of maternal glycemia and maternal obesity on offspring birth measures and early postnatal growth in nondiabetic pregnancies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We studied 547 full-term singleton babies of nondiabetic parents. Data available included parental height and weight; maternal prepregnant weight; maternal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at 28 weeks of gestation; and offspring weight and length at birth, 12 weeks of age, and 1 and 2 years of age. Relationships between parental and offspring measures were estimated using Pearson correlations. RESULTS—Maternal FPG was correlated with offspring birth weight (r = 0.25, P &amp;lt; 0.001), length (r = 0.17, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and BMI (r = 0.2, P &amp;lt; 0.001) but was not correlated with offspring growth at 12 weeks. Maternal prepregnancy BMI was significantly correlated with offspring weight (r = 0.26, P &amp;lt; 0.001), length (r = 0.12, P = 0.01), and BMI at birth (r = 0.26, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and remained correlated with offspring weight (r = 0.13–0.14, P = 0.007–0.002) and BMI (r = 0.14–0.19, P = 0.002 to &amp;lt;0.001) during the first 2 years. Paternal BMI was correlated with offspring weight from 12 weeks onwards (r = 0.11–0.22, P = 0.017 to &amp;lt;0.001), length (r = 0.10–0.12, P = 0.01–0.05), and BMI from 1 year onwards (r = 0.16–0.25, P = &amp;lt;0.001). CONCLUSIONS—In a nondiabetic cohort, the effect of maternal glycemia on birth weight is transitory, while the impact on growth of maternal BMI continues into early childhood. The independent association of paternal BMI with offspring postnatal growth suggests that the impact of parental BMI could be explained by genetic factors, shared environment, or both.
THE RÔLE OF SURGERY IN PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
Authors: MILES F. PORTER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

By the removal of infection atria surgery may do much to prevent disease. That adenoids and diseased tonsils and gums are the port of entry for many serious infections, among which may be mentioned tuberculosis,<sup>2</sup>typhoid, and diphtheria is well recognized, but it may be well to mention here the etiologic relationship these conditions seem to bear to more rare but yet important infections such as noma and acute poliomyelitis. The evidence is well-nigh conclusive that in the Scandinavian epidemic of poliomyelitis the contagion entered by way of the nasopharynx, and in apersonal letter H. W. Hill, of the State Board of Health of Minnesota, says he strongly suspects that the same is true of the late epidemic in his state. After considerable study of the subject and a limited personal experience I am convinced that the important practical fact concerning noma is that it is above all else
Injection of Recombinant Human Type VII Collagen Corrects the Disease Phenotype in a Murine Model of Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Jennifer Remington, Xinyi Wang, Yingpin Hou, Hui Zhou, Julie Burnett, Trevor Muirhead, Jouni Uitto, Douglas R Keene, David T Woodley, Mei Chen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

Patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) have incurable skin fragility, blistering, and scarring due to mutations in the gene that encodes for type VII collagen (C7) that mediates dermal-epidermal adherence in human skin. We showed previously that intradermal injection of recombinant C7 into transplanted human DEB skin equivalents stably restored C7 expression at the basement membrane zone (BMZ) and reversed the RDEB disease features. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of protein therapy in a C7 null mouse (Col7a1(-/-)) which recapitulates the features of human RDEB. We intradermally injected purified human C7 into DEB mice and found that the injected human C7 stably incorporated into the mouse BMZ, formed anchoring fibrils, and corrected the DEB murine phenotype, as demonstrated by decreased skin fragility, reduced new blister formation, and markedly prolonged survival. After 4 weeks, treated DEB mice developed circulating anti-human C7 antibodies. Most surprisingly, these anti-C7 antibodies neither bound directly to the mouse's BMZ nor prevented the incorporation of newly injected human C7 into the BMZ. Anti-C7 antibody production was prevented by treating the mice with an anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody, MR1. We conclude that protein therapy may be feasible for the treatment of human patients with RDEB.
The eternal triangle.
Authors: M Powell
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Nurses and Doctors-Powell Bisn= piety cannot, as a general rule, be sincere."18.. Was the dinner with Simpson and his friends at 52 Queen Street a sober occasion?Physically speaking, perhaps; intel- lectually it could hardly be.How one would like to re-create the scene!Simpson in charge, large and amiable, spreading his girth and his piesence around him;"9 and Andersen the honoured guest, tall and thin, supported on his huge feet, dressed in an odd combination of wide trousers and high, starched collar; childlike and charming withal.
Scientists raise possibility of vaccine for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

An experimental vaccine directed against amyloid, a protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease, has shown promise in animal trials (Nature 1999;400:173-7). The vaccine may lead to an effective treatment.

Scientists at Elan Pharmaceuticals developed a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by injecting the rodent with a mutant form of the human amyloid precursor protein. The mutant amyloid precursor protein gene, which occurs in a number of familial forms of Alzheimer's disease, leads to an overexpression of the amyloid β peptide, the principal constituent of amyloid plaque in the disease.

Amyloid plaques consist of insoluble aggregates of amyloid protein and are thought to be involved in neuronal cell death.

The transgenic mice developed amyloid plaques in their brains …
<i>PRKACB</i> and Carney Complex
Authors: Antonella Forlino, Annalisa Vetro, Livia Garavelli, Roberto Ciccone, Edra London, Constantine A Stratakis, Orsetta Zuffardi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

The authors report that a gain of function in the catalytic subunit beta of the cyclic AMP–dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A), resulting from the presence of four copies of PRKACB (instead of the normal two), may lead to a Carney complex phenotype.
Monomeric (7S) IgM found in the serum of rheumatoid arthritis patients share idiotypes with pentameric (19S) monoclonal rheumatoid factors.
Authors: V R Bonagura, L Mendez, N Agostino, B Pernis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Serum from some seropositive (RF+) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients contains relatively high concentrations of monomeric (7S) IgM molecules. Seven S IgM molecules fail to bind the Fc portion of IgG, unlike 19S IgM RFs that bind aggregated IgG in classical RF assays. Some pentameric IgM RFs are marked by crossreactive idiotypes (RCRI) defined by prototypic monoclonal RFs. In previous studies, we observed that a proportion of pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced plasma cells from RA patients' blood lymphocytes express the major RCRI as assayed by indirect immunofluorescence with polyclonal anti-RCRI antibodies. In this study, 7S IgM obtained from three different RF+ RA patients inhibits specific anti-RCRI intracytoplasmic staining of PWM induced RF+ RA-derived plasma cells. These 7S molecules also block polyclonal anti-RCRI antibodies from reacting with red blood cells bearing 7S IgM molecules from RF+ patients with RA or Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. We conclude that some 7S IgM molecules in the serum of RF+ RA patients are marked by the major RCRI idiotype and are related to 19S monoclonal and polyclonal RFs.
A SIMPLE CONTRIVANCE FOR THE RELIEF OF HAY FEVER.
Authors: A. C. HEATH
Journal: JAMA (1906)

During the hay-fever season of 1905, I experimented very carefully on a number of hay-fever patients, trying to prove undeniably that the atmosphere at this time is laden with some irritating substance which could be removed from the air by filtration or some similar process. The mode of investigation consisted in the use of an ordinary chemical laboratory water bottle. This bottle was fitted with two glass tubes, to one of which was attached rubber tubing. The water bottle was half filled with water, then the glass tubes were so arranged that when suction was applied through the rubber tubing the atmosphere so breathed came through the water in this bottle. This apparatus worked on the principle of the Turkish pipe or water pipe. By this means, it was hoped to remove from the air, when it passed through the water, any material which might be suspended in it. With
Rx for Addiction: A Doctor's Story of His Battle With Drugs
Authors: Peter D. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1985)

It has been said that to experience chemical dependency is to be on an elevator that only goes down. Precious few ever get off. The vast majority of alcoholics and drug addicts die prematurely as a consequence of their addiction. What makes chemical dependency a uniquely devastating illness is that the affected person not only suffers physically, but is morally, emotionally, and spiritually sick as well. Family and friends often become codependents and suffer, too. W. Rogert Gehring, MD, was a practicing obstetrician and, for most of his adult life, also a practicing alcoholic and drug addict. In his book<i>Rx for Addiction</i>, Gehring bravely recounts his painful journey from being a young, well-trained specialist in obstetrics-gynecology to becoming, in the words of Melville, "an undraped spectacle... a valor-ruined man," a man who lived only to drink and take drugs. Denial is the one ingredient of the disease of chemical
Letter by Sutton et al Regarding Article, “Effect of Rosuvastatin Therapy on Coronary Artery Stenoses Assessed by Quantitative Coronary Angiography: A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Rosuvastatin on Intravascular Ultrasound–Derived Coronary Atheroma Burden”
Authors: Brad S. Sutton, Roger S. Blumenthal, Navin K. Kapur
Journal: Circulation (2008)