tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rheumatic Fever in the Young Adult
Authors: J. S. Malpas, J. Landon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1960)

The clinical manifestations and course of rheu- matic fever have been studied mainly in children.Recently a number of studies of this disease in military personnel have been reported (Gray, 1949; Carmichael, 1956; Bates, 1958; Slater and Rosen- baum, 1959).In these series, patients with a past history of rheumatic fever were included, which may have modified both the clinical manifestations and subsequent progress.The present paper deals with the characteristic features of rheumatic fever occurring for the first time in young adults.Material A series of 27 patients diagnosed as having rheumatic fever on the criteria of Duckett Jones (1944) were amongst more than one hundred admissions for acute arthropathy to a Service Hospital between 1956 and 1959.26 of the patients were male and one female.Their ages varied between 15 and 23, the majority being in their late 'teens.Care was taken that no patients were included in this series who had a past history of rheumatic fever, chorea, or arthropathy of unknown cause.Because of the difficulty in differentiating between rheumatic fever and other allergic arthropathies, patients who had had prophylactic inoculations or symptoms suggestive of dysentery in the 8 weeks before admission were also excluded from this series. Clinical and Pathological FindingsThe family history of five patients (20 per cent.)indicated that one or both parents had suffered from rheumatic fever.Inquiry was made not only from the patient at the time of admission, but also in subsequent follow-up questionnaires to the family doctor and patient.Patients with rheumatic fever were admitted
Ferrous Sulfate Reduces Thyroxine Efficacy in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Authors: Norman R. C. Campbell, Brian B. Hasinoff, Helga Stalts, Babu Rao, Norman C. W. Wong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To determine whether simultaneous ingestion of ferrous sulfate and thyroxine reduces the efficacy of thyroid hormone in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Design: Uncontrolled clinical trial. Setting: Outpatient research clinic of a tertiary care center. Patients: Fourteen patients with established primary hypothyroidism on stable thyroxine replacement. Intervention: All patients were instructed to ingest simultaneously, a 300-mg ferrous sulfate tablet and their usual thyroxine dose every day for 12 weeks. Results: After 12 weeks of ferrous sulfate ingestion with thyroxine, the mean level of serum thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH) rose from 1.6 ± 0.4 to 5.4 ± 2.8 mU/L (P < 0.01), but the free thyroxine index did not change significantly. Subjective evaluation using a clinical score showed that nine patients had an increase in symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism; the mean score for the 14 patients changed from 0 to 1.3 ± 0.4 (P = 0.011). When iron and thyroxine were mixed together in vitro, a poorly soluble purple complex appeared that indicated the binding of iron to thyroxine. Conclusions: Simultaneous ingestion of ferrous sulfate and thyroxine causes a variable reduction in thyroxine efficacy that is clinically significant in some patients. The interaction is probably caused by the binding of iron to thyroxine.
Gamma Globulin Therapy for Asthmatic Children
Authors: Vincent J. Fontana
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have noted with interest the article by Drs. Bernard Redner and Harry Markow in the Aug 31 issue ofThe Journal(<b>185</b>:692) entitled "Effects of Minute Doses of Gamma Globulin in Children with Active Allergic Manifestations." It is heartening that the authors frankly admit that their excellent results with intradermal gamma globulin in their patients "cannot be explained by any scientific, immunological or allergic reasoning at the present time." Because of this, I question why such an article would be published in a medical journal of such wide circulation and influence on the medical practitioner. As the authors stated in their article, in a two year study completed by our group at New York University,<sup>1</sup>using gamma globulin in treating asthmatic children under double blind control conditions, no clinical improvement was noted in either the number of infection days or episodes of asthma. The
High risk of mitochondriopathy in HIV/HCV co-infected patients under concomitant DDI/D4T and interferon (standard or pegylated IFN) /ribavirin treatments
Authors: S. Pol, F. Carrat, T.R. Hor, J. Deshayes, F. Banisadr, E. Rosenthal, C. Perronne
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Octreotide Compared With Placebo in A Treatment Strategy for Early Rebleeding in Cirrhosis. A Double Blind, Randomized Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Gennaro D'Amico, Flavia Politi, Alberto Morabito, Adele D'Antoni, Daniela Guerrera, Gandolfo Giannuoli, Mario Traina, Giovanni Vizzini, Linda Pasta, Luigi Pagliaro
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

β–Blockers and sclerotherapy prevent long–term upper digestive rebleeding in cirrhosis but they seem ineffective for early rebleeding. We compared octreotide with a placebo for the prevention of early rebleeding in cirrhotic patients. After control of acute upper digestive bleeding, 262 consecutive cirrhotic patients were randomized to octreotide 100 μg subcutaneously three times a day for 15 days (n = 131) or to the placebo (n = 131), in a double blind pragmatic trial in which β–blockers and/or sclerotherapy were allowed together with the experimental treatment. Separate randomization and analysis were performed according to whether patients were eligible for β–blockers and/or sclerotherapy (101 placebo, 97 octreotide) or not (30 placebo, 34 octreotide). Rebleeding within 15 days was the primary measure of treatment efficacy; 6–week rebleeding rate was also assessed as a secondary measure. Fifteen–day cumulative proportions of patients rebleeding were 28% in the placebo group and 24% in the octreotide group ( P = .40); corresponding figures among the 198 patients eligible to β–blockers and/or sclerotherapy were 26% and 16% ( P = .05) and among the 64 not eligible for these treatments 33% and 49% ( P = .29). Among patients eligible to β–blockers and/or sclerotherapy, a significant reduction of rebleeding episodes (35 vs. 18, P = .03), blood transfusions (75 vs. 50, P = .04), and days of stay in hospital (1,544 vs. 1,190, P = .0001) was also found in the octreotide group: this beneficial effect was confirmed 6 weeks after randomization. Mortality was not affected by octreotide in either group of patients. It is suggested that octreotide may reduce the risk of early rebleeding in cirrhotic patients treated with β–blockers and/or sclerotherapy after control of acute upper digestive bleeding. Further studies are needed to confirm this result.
FDG PET of Primary Spinal Glioblastoma Initially Mimicking a Transverse Myelitis on MRI
Authors: Kyoung Sook Won, Jae Seung Kim, Young Shin Ra, Cheol Ho Sohn, Seok Kil Zeon
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Glioblastoma of the brain is well known for high FDG uptake and a poor prognosis. However, primary spinal glioblastoma is relatively rare and no other reports are available on its F-18 FDG PET findings. A 17-year-old girl presented with recurrent and progressive paraplegia and sensory change below the 10th thoracic dermatome. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology was negative for malignancy and showed only inflammation. Initial magnetic resonance imaging suggested transverse myelitis and steroid pulse therapy was administered, which caused a transient improvement in her symptoms. On reaggravation, F-18 FDG PET was performed and the findings were consistent with a malignant neoplasm. Surgical resection was undertaken and a primary spinal glioblastoma was confirmed based on pathologic findings.
Drifting Motions of the Adenovirus Receptor CAR and Immobile Integrins Initiate Virus Uncoating and Membrane Lytic Protein Exposure
Authors: Christoph J. Burckhardt, Maarit Suomalainen, Philipp Schoenenberger, Karin Boucke, Silvio Hemmi, Urs F. Greber
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2011)
Comparative significance in systolic ventricular interaction
Authors: S. Yamaguchi, H. Harasawa, K. S Li, D. Zhu, W. P Santamore
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

The aim was to measure the systolic coupling between the ventricles and to determine the relative importance of ventricular interaction in the pressure development of each ventricle.Acute studies were done in dogs to measure the changes in right and left ventricular pressures (dPr, dPl) caused by sudden changes in left ventricular pressure (dPl') with release of an aortic constriction, and sudden changes in right ventricular pressure (dPr') with release of a pulmonary artery constriction, respectively. The instantaneous cross talk gain [dPr/dPl' (Klr) or dPl/dPr' (Krl)] was calculated during the ejection phase. The potential systolic pressure generated by the contralateral ventricle was evaluated as the cross talk gain multiplied by the contralateral systolic developed pressure.Studies were done in eight random source dogs (12-18 kg), anaesthetised with sodium pentobarbitone.The maximal Klr was lower than the maximal Krl, at 0.09 (SD 0.05) v 0.25 (0.06), and the mean Klr also was lower than the mean Krl, at 0.04 (0.02) v 0.10 (0.03), p less than 0.05. The potential right ventricular pressures developed by the left ventricle [maximum 10.3(5.6), mean 4.8(2.7) mm Hg] were not significantly different from the potential left ventricular pressures developed by the right ventricle [maximum 8.8(2.7), mean 3.4(0.7) mm Hg]. However, the ratio between the potential transmitted pressure and the measured developed pressure was greater in the right ventricle [maximum 39.0(21.1), mean 17.8(8.9)%] than in the left ventricle [maximum 11.1(7.1)%, p less than 0.05; mean 3.9(1.5)%, p less than 0.01]. This suggests that about 20-40% of the right ventricular systolic pressure may result from the left ventricle and about 4-10% of the left ventricular systolic pressure may result from right ventricle.Although the pressure coupling was greater in right to left ventricular interaction, right ventricular pressure generation may be more dependent on the left ventricle. Systolic ventricular interaction may be more important for right ventricular systolic function. Further, the parameters of right ventricular systolic function currently used may be considerably affected by the left ventricle.
Letter: Diet and colonic cancer.
Authors: S L Malhotra
Journal: BMJ (1974)

1/10-1/1,000.Such reactions are abolished if the serum is preheated for 1-hours at 56°C prior to injection.These findings are in contrast to those of Dr. Bryant and his colleagues in that these workers were unable to show attachment of IgE at two and four hours after sensitization.However, they do agree with the findings of other workers who have been able to sensitize chopped human and monkey lung and human skin passively in vitro by ex- posure to IgE antibody for a short time.Our results indicate that human IgE attaches rapidly to macaaue monkey skin and elicits a P.C.A. reaction at two, four, and 24 hours; these reactions being abolished if the serum is heated for 1 hours at 56°C.Most importantly, they emphasize the im- portance of using "clean" experimental monkeys with a known history.-Weare, etc.,
Mental Health Consequences and Correlates of Reported Medical Student Abuse
Authors: Judith A. Richman, Joseph A. Flaherty, Kathleen M. Rospenda, Michelle L. Christensen
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To assess the prevalence, correlates, and mental health consequences of reported medical training-related abuses.A longitudinal cohort study of 137 students surveyed from medical school entrance (time 1) through the winter of the fourth training year (time 4).A state college of medicine.Reported training-related abuses (measured at time 4) and mental health status measured at times 1 and 4 (depressive and anxiety symptoms, hostility, problem drinking, escapist drinking, alcohol consumption levels, and gender role orientations).Seventy-two percent of students reported at least one abusive experience during medical training. Females were significantly more likely than males to report gender discrimination, exclusion from informal settings, discomfort from sexual humor, and unwanted sexual advances. Abuse was significantly related to most psychopathological outcomes, controlling for pre-existing psychopathology. Males low in masculinity and females low in femininity were most likely to report abuse.The data provide further support for the assumption that a high proportion of medical students not only experience the training process as abusive in nature but also suffer measurable psychopathological consequences. Efforts should be made to reform medical education, with a prominent focus on gender role-related issues.
1027. Cytotoxicity of Oncolytic Adenoviruses in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: M. Bazan-Peregrino, K. Fisher, S. Hale, P. Farrow, D. Kirn, R. Iggo, K. Homicsko, R. Hernandez-Alcoceba, G. Hallden, V. Mautner, Y. Shen, L. Seymour
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)
Lessons from the Outbreak of Marburg Virus
Authors: Matthias Borchert, Sabue Mulangu, Patrick Van der Stuyft
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

symptoms such as substance abuse, depression, or signs of excessive stress can be identified, help is available.A physician health program will intervene, rapidly if necessary, and offer treatment, relieving colleagues of this responsibility.Recognition of early warning signs and prompt referral to the local program for help may prevent the ultimate tragedy of suicide.
Queen of the Night
Authors: H. J. Van Peenen
Journal: JAMA (1994)

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Preponderance of Slightly Deleterious Polymorphism in Mitochondrial DNA: Nonsynonymous/Synonymous Rate Ratio is Much Higher Within Species than Between Species
Authors: M. Hasegawa, Y. Cao, Z. Yang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

We estimated synonymous (dN) and nonsynonymous (dS) substitution rates for protein-coding genes of the mitochondrial genome from two individuals each of the species human, chimpanzee, and gorilla. The genes were analyzed both separately and in a combined data set. Pairwise sequence comparisons suggest that the dN/dS rate ratios are about 5-10 times higher in within-species comparisons than in between-species comparisons. This result is confirmed by a more rigorous likelihood ratio test, which rejected the null hypothesis that the dN/dS rate ratios are identical within and between species. The likelihood models account for the genetic code structure, transition/transversion rate ratio, and codon usage bias and are expected to produce more reliable results than the commonly used contingency test. Separate analyses of different genes show that the dN/dS rate ratios are higher within species than between species for all 13 mitochondrial genes, with the difference being statistically significant for all except three small or slowly evolving genes. Furthermore, in conserved genes, nonsynonymous rates within species tend to be higher than the between-species rates by a greater proportion than in fast-changing genes. Our findings confirm and extend earlier results obtained from smaller data sets and suggest the operation of slightly deleterious mutations throughout the mitochondrial genome in the hominoids. Implications of the results for evolutionary studies and, in particular, for studies of the origin of modern humans, are discussed.
Quality of life evaluation in epidermolysis bullosa (EB) through the development of the QOLEB questionnaire: an EB-specific quality of life instrument
Authors: J.W. Frew, L.K. Martin, T. Nijsten, D.F. Murrell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) has a profound effect on quality of life (QOL); however, generic QOL assessments are poor indicators of the impact of EB. Objectives To develop a valid and reliable EB‐specific QOL tool for use in measuring the effects of disease impact and interventions. Methods Open, nonstructured interviews were conducted with 26 patients with EB, along with 33 family members and 11 health professionals (70 individuals) for item generation. A pilot questionnaire was compiled, refined and distributed to 130 patients with EB. From the 115 returned questionnaires a principal axis factor analysis was undertaken producing a 17‐item final questionnaire. Discriminative validity was assessed by differences in scores between EB subtypes. Content validity was assessed by expert ranking of items in terms of importance. Construct validity was evaluated by correlation with existing QOL tools. Test–retest reliability and internal consistency were evaluated. Factor analysis was performed. Results A 17‐item questionnaire was developed: the QOLEB questionnaire. This gave distinguishing QOL scores to different EB subtypes, and correlated highly with existing QOL instruments. Conclusions The QOLEB questionnaire is the first EB‐specific QOL measurement tool, and is a valid and reliable measurement tool for the quantification of QOL in patients with various subtypes of EB. In addition, the QOLEB has potential as a sensitive instrument to monitor QOL, and to identify dimensions of QOL as targets for interventions and research.
Prediction of Myocardial Perfusion Abnormalities by Quantitative Regional Function Using a Radionuclide Angiography Database
Authors: SALVADOR BORGES-NETO, AAMIR JAVID, DAVID KONG, LINDA SHAW, R. E. COLEMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Purpose Myocardial perfusion and functional information during the same study is now feasible. A new assessment of regional ejection fraction at rest and peak exercise by first-pass radionuclide angiography using a “normal” database file has been developed. Objective This study was performed to assess the relation between this new method of quantitative regional ejection fraction and myocardial perfusion abnormalities and to compare this new technique with visual analysis of regional wall motion. Methods Consecutive patients (n = 126) with simultaneous first-pass radionuclide angiography and perfusion SPECT imaging were studied at rest and peak exercise using a same-day protocol. The area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve (C index) was used to assess the concordance probability between perfusion and functional measurements, and logistic regression models were used to examine the ability of functional variables to predict perfusion results. Results A high concordance was found between the visual analysis of wall motion and perfusion abnormalities (C index = 0.796), and also between regional ejection fraction and perfusion defects (C index = 0.784). The maximal predictive power of functional variables was obtained by combining wall motion analysis and regional ejection fraction (C index = 0.859). Regional ejection fraction contributed, with 20% more information than provided by wall motion analysis alone (χ2 = 9.2, P = 0.0025). Conclusions Quantitative regional ejection fraction using a normal database file has a strong relation to perfusion abnormalities and provides incremental information to regional wall motion analysis for predicting perfusion abnormalities. This new technique should be regarded as a potential adjunct to functional studies to evaluate patients with ischemic heart disease.
Angioscopic complex lesions are predominantly compensatory enlarged: an angioscopy and intracoronary ultrasound study
Authors: Pieter C Smits, Gerard Pasterkamp, Peter P.T de Jaegere, Pim J de Feyter, Cornelius Borst
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objectives: Atherosclerotic remodeling of the coronary artery may lead to compensatory enlargement or to shrinkage. Post-mortem data suggest a relation between compensatory enlargement and histopathological markers of plaque vulnerability. In patients that required a coronary intervention, we investigated retrospectively the relation between the angioscopic appearance and the remodeling mode of the culprit lesion. Methods: In 34 patients, coronary angioscopy and intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) imaging was performed across the culprit lesion before the intervention. Only single de novo lesions were included. With angioscopy, lesions with a smooth surface without thrombus were classified as smooth, whereas lesions with an irregular surface with or without thrombus were classified as complex. With ICUS, remodeling of the culprit lesions was determined by the relative cross-sectional vessel area (lesion vessel area/reference vessel area)×100%. Lesions were divided into three groups: compensatory enlargement (relative vessel area ≥105%), no-remodeling (relative vessel area between 95 and 105%) and shrinkage (relative vessel area ≤95%). Results: In 22 patients good images were obtained with both imaging modalities. More complex lesions were compensatory enlarged compared to shrunken lesions, whereas more smooth lesions were shrunken compared to compensatory enlarged lesions, 8/9 versus 2/7 and 5/7 versus 1/9, respectively (p=0.035). Conclusions: In patients selected for coronary intervention, angioscopic complex atherosclerotic lesions were found predominantly in compensatory enlarged arterial segments, whereas smooth lesions were found predominantly in shrunken arterial segments.
Blood volume controlled hemodialysis in hypotension-prone patients: A randomized, multicenter controlled trial
Authors: Antonio Santoro, Elena Mancini, Carlo Basile, Luigi Amoroso, Salvatore Di Giulio, Mario Usberti, Giuliano Colasanti, Giuseppe Verzetti, Alessandro Rocco, Enrico Imbasciati, Giovanni Panzetta, Roberto Bolzani, Fabio Grandi, Maurizio Polacchini
Journal: Kidney International (2002)