tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disinfectants and Plastic Mop Heads
Authors: L. Steingold, L. J. Dunn, S. Henman
Journal: BMJ (1967)

mum= therapy than biochemical estimations alone.We would therefore respectfully suggest that before reaching a conclusion on Dr. Friedman's study with regard to clinical activity one must first correlate this latter with the plasma 1l-OHCS curves described.We would, however, repeat that we have no desire to produce a long-acting A.C.T.H. preparation which has an identical duration of action to any other prolonged A.C.T.H. at present available.We would maintain that A.C.T.H./c.m.c.represents a highly purified long-acting A.C.T.H. preparation with a therapeutic action which is similar to A.C.T.H. gelatin and every other natural A.C.T.H. prepara- tion, but which has two additional practical advantages-the first is its liquid nature and the second is its stability.These properties facilitate subcutaneous injection and make self-administration a more practical form of A.C.T.H. therapy for the outpatient.The necessity of warming a heat labile compound before administration is avoided.-Iam, etc.,
TCT-827 Clopidogrel Pretreatment Effect according to the clinical presentation in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Anne Bellemain-Appaix, Stephen A. O'Connor, Johanne Silvain, Michel Cucherat, Jean-Philippe Collet, Francois Bernasconi, Gilles Montalescot
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
IMAGINATION AND IDEALISM IN THE MEDICAL SCIENCES*
Authors: Christian Archibald Herter
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Implications of aquatic animal health for human health.
Authors: C J Dawe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Human health and aquatic animal health are organically related at three distinct interfaces. Aquatic animals serve as important contributors to the nutritional protein, lipid, and vitamin requirements of humans; as carriers and transmitters of many infectious and parasitic diseases to which humans are susceptible; and as indicators of toxic and carcinogenic substances that they can convey, in some part, from aquatic environments to man and other terrestrial animals. Transcending these relationships, but less visible and definable to many, is the role that aquatic animals play in the sustenance of our integrated planetary ecosystem. Up to the present, this ecosystem has been compatible with mankind's occupation of a niche within it at high but ultimately limited population levels. In the past century we have become clearly aware that human activities, particularly over-harvesting of aquatic animals together with chemical degradation of their habitats, can quite rapidly lead to perturbances that drastically shift aquatic ecosystems toward conditions of low productivity and impaired function as one of earth's vital organs. The negative values of aquatic animals as disease vectors are far outweighed by their positive values as nutritional sources and as sustainers of a relatively stable equilibrium in the global ecosystem. In the immediate future we can expect to see increased and improved monitoring of aquatic habitats to determine the extent to which aquatic animals cycle anthropogenic toxic and carcinogenic chemicals back to human consumers. In the long term, methods are particularly needed to assess the effects of these pollutants on reproductive success in aquatic communities and in human communities as well. As inputs of habitat-degrading substances change in quality and quantity, it becomes increasingly urgent to evaluate the consequences in advance, not in retrospect. A new, more realistic and comprehensive philosophy regarding aquatic environmental preservation and equally new and comprehensive technological advances reflective of this philosophy will be required. In the next century we will see a serious test of whether or not mankind has lost its ability to foresee and forestall the side effects of scientific and technological ingenuity.
The Usefulness of Tc-99m MIBI for Evaluating Brain Tumors
Authors: SHIGEKI NAGAMACHI, SEISHI JINNOUCHI, TAKASHI OHNISHI, HIROSHI NAKAHARA, LEO FLORES, SHOZO TAMURA, KIYOTAKA YOKOGAMI, HIROKAZU KAWANO, SHINNICHIRO WAKISAKA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Purpose This study was undertaken to determine the usefulness of Tc-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) in brain tumors compared with Tl-201 imaging. The authors evaluated the correlation between MIBI uptake and the presence of P-glycoprotein, and also the relation between MIBI uptake in response to combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy in glioblastoma. Materials and Methods Thirty-four brain tumors composed of 15 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 5 anaplastic astrocytomas, 5 low-grade astrocytomas, and 9 metastases were evaluated. Early and delayed images were obtained for MIBI and Tl-201 scintigraphy. P-glycoprotein status in all GBM, 2 anaplastic astrocytomas, 2 low-grade astrocytomas, and 2 metastases were evaluated immunohistochemically. Patients with GBM were divided into an effective and a noneffective group according to the change in tumor size. MIBI uptake indices were compared for these two groups. Results Both radiopharmaceuticals accumulated in all GBM and anaplastic astrocytomas. In low-grade astrocytomas, only one case showed tracer uptake. In metastasis, two cases showed high uptake on early images and marked washout on delayed images. Uptake ratio values (early uptake ratio and delayed uptake ratio) in all tumors were significantly higher in MIBI than in Tl-201. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the metastases were positive for P-glycoprotein but the GBM were not. In low-grade astrocytomas, a few cells were positively stained. In relation to the therapeutic outcome of GBM, both the early and delayed uptake ratios of MIBI were significantly greater in the noneffective group. Conclusions Although diagnostic ability was comparable in MIBI and Tl-201, the imaging quality was better in MIBI. Both radiopharmaceuticals are useful in differentiating low-grade glioma from high-grade glioma. MIBI delayed imaging could also reflect the presence of P-glycoprotein. Intense MIBI uptake was also predictive of a poor clinical outcome in GBM.
273 ENHANCEMENT OF CD127 HCV-SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC RESPONSE THROUGH BIM-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS BLOCKING IN PERSISTENT HCV INFECTION
Authors: J.R. Larrubia, S. Benito, M. Lokhande, J. Miquel, M. Calvino, E. Sanz-de-Villalobos, A. González-Praetorious, S. Albertos, S. García-Garzón, T. Parra-Cid
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Detection of Messenger RNA From O6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase Gene MGMT in Human Normal and Tumor Tissues
Authors: M. Citron, M. Graver, M. Schoenhaus, S. Chen, R. Decker, L. Kleynerman, L. B. Kahn, A. White, A. J. Fornace, D. Yarosh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Background : The level of the DNA repair protein 0 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyl-transferase is an important determinant of the response of tumor cells in culture to alkylating nitrosoureas. In these cells, the abundance of messenger RNA (mRNA) is directly correlated with repair activity. Purpose: Our purpose was to compare transferase mRNA levels with the repair activity in primary human tumors. Methods: Human transferase mRNA was measured in tissue samples from brain tumors, normal lung, lung tumors, ovarian tumors, and normal human liver by use of an RNA protection assay with an antisense probe prepared from the cloned gene. Results: Normal and tumor tissue samples from the same patient had similar transferase activity levels, but transferase expression varied widely among tissue samples from different patients. Brain and lung samples, on average, had transferase mRNA levels closer to those in liver samples than their transferase activity levels. In two cases, tissue samples which were transferase deficient by the activity assays were found to lack transferase mRNA. Conclusions: Deficiencies in transferase activity are due to reduced or absent mRNA transcription or processing. In brain and lung, there may be post-transcriptional control of mRNA expression. The wide interindividual variation in transferase expression is also seen at the transcription level. Implications: These are among the first measures of transferase mRNA expression in primary human tissue. More samples should be examined to extend these observations. [J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 337–340, 1992]
Combined Tyrosine and Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibition by Sorafenib Prevents Progression of Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension and Myocardial Remodeling
Authors: Martina Klein, Ralph T. Schermuly, Peter Ellinghaus, Hendrik Milting, Bernd Riedl, Sevdalina Nikolova, Soni S. Pullamsetti, Norbert Weissmann, Eva Dony, Rajkumar Savai, Hossein A. Ghofrani, Friedrich Grimminger, Andreas E. Busch, Stefan Schäfer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Inhibition of tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor receptor, can reduce pulmonary arterial pressure in experimental and clinical pulmonary hypertension. We hypothesized that inhibition of the serine/threonine kinases Raf-1 (also termed c-Raf) and b-Raf in addition to inhibition of tyrosine kinases effectively controls pulmonary vascular and right heart remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. Methods and Results— We investigated the effects of the novel multikinase inhibitor sorafenib, which inhibits tyrosine kinases as well as serine/threonine kinases, in comparison to imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on hemodynamics, pulmonary and right ventricular (RV) remodeling, and downstream signaling in experimental pulmonary hypertension. Fourteen days after monocrotaline injection, male rats were treated orally for another 14 days with sorafenib (10 mg/kg per day), imatinib (50 mg/kg per day), or vehicle (n=12 to 16 per group). RV systolic pressure was decreased to 35.0±1.5 mm Hg by sorafenib and to 54.0±4.4 mm Hg by imatinib compared with placebo (82.9±6.0 mm Hg). In parallel, both sorafenib and imatinib reduced RV hypertrophy and pulmonary arterial muscularization. The effects of sorafenib on RV systolic pressure and RV mass were significantly greater than those of imatinib. Sorafenib prevented phosphorylation of Raf-1 and suppressed activation of the downstream ERK1/2 signaling pathway in RV myocardium and the lungs. In addition, sorafenib but not imatinib antagonized vasopressin-induced hypertrophy of the cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2. Conclusions— The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib prevents pulmonary remodeling and improves cardiac and pulmonary function in experimental pulmonary hypertension. Sorafenib exerts direct myocardial antihypertrophic effects, which appear to be mediated via inhibition of the Raf kinase pathway. The combined inhibition of tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases may provide an option to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated right heart remodeling.
Can animal pulmonary function testing provide data for regulatory decision making?
Authors: J J O'Neil, J A Raub
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The process of setting health standards requires rigorous, scientifically sound data that relate to man's interaction with his environment. Tests of pulmonary function are especially useful, since they may permit some direct comparisons between animals and man. The development of tests to measure pulmonary function in small animals has been important, and research into the health effects of air pollution may be greatly strengthened with the use of data from such measurements.
Identification of ventricular tachycardia with use of the morphology of the endocardial electrogram.
Authors: J J Langberg, W J Gibb, D M Auslander, J C Griffin
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Currently available antitachycardia devices rely primarily on timing information to define abnormal rhythms. It would be useful to have more specific means of automatically identifying pathologic tachycardias. Using unfiltered (0.04 to 500 Hz bandpass) recordings made during electrophysiologic testing in 10 patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT), we studied the differences in electrogram morphology during sinus rhythm and VT. Signals were digitized at 1 kHz. A template of a normal sinus rhythm electrogram was created for each patient by averaging five sinus complexes from the beginning of each study. Ten sinus electrograms just before the onset of VT and 10 electrograms during stable monomorphic VT were compared with this template. The difference in morphology between a given electrogram and its template was quantitated by superimposing the two signals and measuring the area between the curves. There was no overlap in the ranges of these "area of the difference" measurements between sinus and VT electrograms from any of the 10 patients studied, including four with intraventricular conduction disturbances. In contrast, discrete features of the signal, including peak amplitude and maximum dV/dt, did not reliably differentiate sinus from VT electrograms. Bandpass filtering, sample window size, and digitizing rate were manipulated to determine the minimal signal content necessary for the area of difference method to reliably identify VT. These interventions suggest that the low-frequency far-field portion of the signal is primarily responsible for the morphologic differences between sinus and VT electrograms. In conclusion, the morphology of VT electrograms in man is consistently and distinctly different from the morphology of sinus electrograms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
722 OVERALL DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY AND PERFORMANCE PROFILE OF BLOOD TESTS FOR LIVER FIBROSIS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: P. Cales, Y. Back, P. Halfon, V. Leroy, V. de Ledinghen, J. Boursier, A. de Muret, M. Bourliere, N. Sturm, T. Moyon, M.C. Rousselet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Motion as a reference for positions
Authors: Wim van de Grind
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Is the position of a moving target “predicted”? I argue that we should regard moving targets as the natural (veridical) position references. Motion is probably perceptually absolute, whereas position and time are relative quantities, as in physics. According to this view, processing delays are incorporated in the abstract local signs of motion signals. The flash-lag effect is one case in point.
Renal cell carcinoma: blood transfusion and survival.
Authors: I T Manyonda, D E Shaw, A Foulkes, D E Osborn
Journal: BMJ (1986)

AIDS virus antibody in polytransfused dialysis patients vaccinated against hepatitis BPatients receiving long term haemodialysis are at increased risk of hepatitis B infection.Given the similar transmission routes of hepatitis B virus and the virus of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) it is surprising that no seroprevalence data on infection with lymphadenopathy associated virus/human T cell lymphotropic virus type III (LAV/HTLV-III) in dialysis centres have been published.We present data from 18 haemodialysis centres in Belgium, where we surveyed all patients who had received at least three doses of hepatitis B vaccine.These centres had had a high incidence of hepatitis B infection before vaccination. Patients, methods, and resultsAt the end of 1985 serum samples were obtained from 729 patients receiving haemodialysis (335 (46%) men, 394 (54%) women).These patients received three to nine (mean 4-2) doses of plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine, some beginning in 1981.'They had been dialysed in 18 centres in Belgium for an average of 37 months.Pasteur vaccine (six lots) had been given to 488 patients (67%); CLB (Centraal Laboratorium voor de Bloedtransfusie, Dutch Red Cross) vaccine (two lots) to 146 (20%); MSD (Merck Sharp and Dohme) vaccine (one lot) to 29 (4%); and an assortment of the above vaccines to the others.About 90% of patients had received blood transfusions.In 1981, 46% of patients were transfused over six months,' and this practice had essentially been maintained.Screening for anti-LAV/HTLV-III by the Abbott enzyme linked immunosor- bent assay gave a positive finding in 33 patients (4 5%) and the result remained positive on repeat testing in 17 (2 * 3%).In no case detected by screening could the result be confirmed by immunofluorescence, Western blot, or the Wellcome competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and results were also negative with the new Abbott recombinant envelope/core competitive confirmatory enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Most false positive results could be explained by cross reactivity in the Abbott screening assay of antibody against lymphocyte (HLA) components elicited by transfusion.2
Thrombolytic Therapy: Current Status
Authors: Victor J. Marder, Sol Sherry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

ONE decade after the Food and Drug Administration approved the plasminogen activators streptokinase and urokinase, thrombolytic therapy is no longer a novel approach to the treatment of thrombotic disease. Originally recommended for the treatment of proximal deep-vein thrombosis and serious pulmonary embolism, this approach is now also used for treating acute peripheral arterial thrombosis and embolisms and acute coronary thrombosis and for unclotting catheters and shunts. We are now about to enter the "thrombolytic era" of management of acute myocardial infarction by taking advantage of the readily available and rapid intravenous route instead of the cumbersome intracoronary approach. There have . . .
NEED OF REPRINTS AT HONGKONG UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
Authors: Richard C. Pearce
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The Hongkong University School of Medicine has recently been reorganized with the addition of several professors called from England. These men find themselves considerably handicapped in regard to medical literature, and have asked for assistance in securing important reprints covering work in the United States. May I call this need to the attention of the medical profession of this country? The heads of departments are: Dr. J. L. Shellshear, anatomy; Dr. K. H. Digby, surgery; Dr. J. S. Anderson, medicine; Dr. H. G. Earle, physiology; Dr. C. W. Wang, pathology. They can be addressed at University of Hongkong, Hongkong.
3 DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ASSESSMENT OF STRUT COVERAGE AND INTRALUMINAL MICROSTRUCTURE AFTER EVEROLIMUS ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION
Authors: Tomoko Nao, Takeshi Suetomi, Masayuki Yoshimura, Akihiro Hino, Takamasa Oda, Tadaaki Nakashima, Kouzo Shiraishi, Tadamitsu Nakashima, Takeshi Nakamura, Shigehiko Nishimura, Toshiro Miura, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Endothelial Lipase Promotes the Catabolism of ApoB-Containing Lipoproteins
Authors: Uli C. Broedl, Cyrille Maugeais, John S. Millar, Weijun Jin, Ryan E. Moore, Ilia V. Fuki, Dawn Marchadier, Jane M. Glick, Daniel J. Rader
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

Endothelial lipase (EL) has been found to be a key enzyme in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism in mice, leading to the concept that inhibition of EL could be a novel strategy for raising HDL cholesterol levels. However, mice are "HDL animals" and the effect of EL on atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins has not been elucidated. We previously found that EL is capable of hydrolyzing very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL lipids ex vivo. To investigate the role of EL in the metabolism of apoB-containing lipoproteins in vivo, we expressed human EL in three mouse models of elevated apoB-containing lipoproteins: apoE-deficient, LDL receptor-deficient, and human apoB transgenic mice. Unexpectedly, hepatic expression of EL resulted in markedly decreased levels of VLDL/LDL cholesterol, phospholipid, and apoB accompanied by significantly increased LDL apolipoprotein and phospholipid catabolism. To determine whether lipolytic activity is required for this effect, we also expressed a catalytically inactive form of human EL (ELS149A); unexpectedly, expression of ELS149A did not lower and in fact increased plasma lipids. Coexpression and coimmunoprecipitation studies suggested that catalytically inactive ELS149A inhibits endogenous mouse EL, accounting for the increased lipid levels. We conclude that (1) in addition to its known effects on HDL metabolism, EL influences the metabolism of apoB-containing particles; (2) catalytic activity of EL is required for its effects on apoB-containing lipoproteins; and (3) overexpressed catalytically inactive EL inhibits endogenous mouse EL, resulting in increased levels of plasma lipids. In light of these results, inhibition of EL has the potential to raise levels of atherogenic lipoproteins in addition to HDL-C levels.
Cardiac ICAM-1 mediates leukocyte-dependent decreased ventricular contractility in endotoxemic mice☆
Authors: E DAVANI, J BOYD, D DORSCHEID, Y WANG, A MEREDITH, E CHAU, G SINGHERA, K WALLEY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Binding of ICAM-1 expressed on cardiomyocytes decreases cardiomyocyte contractility in vitro by altering the intracellular Ca2+ transient. We tested the hypothesis that signaling via ICAM-1 contributes to decreased left ventricular contractility in an in vivo model of systemic inflammation.C57B6 wild-type mice and ICAM-1 knock-out mice were treated with intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) then left ventricular contractility was measured 6 h later using a volume-conductance micromanometer catheter. We repeated this experiment in chimeric mice lacking ICAM-1 expression in bone marrow-derived cells (M-) and/or lacking ICAM-1 expression in the heart and other tissues (H-).In C57B6 wild-type mice LPS injection significantly increased cardiac ICAM-1 expression and decreased in vivo measures of left ventricular contractility (end-systolic elastance, Ees decreased 58 +/- 4%, p < 0.05, [dP/dtmax]/EDV decreased 60 +/- 6%, p < 0.05). Cyclophosphamide pretreatment to decrease leukocyte count prevented the LPS-induced decrease in contractility. In ICAM-1 knock-out mice LPS did not decrease any measure of contractility. LPS did not decrease left ventricular contractility in M+/H- mice but decreased contractility in M+/H+ and M-/H+ mice to the same extent as in C57B6 wild-type mice implicating the importance of cardiac ICAM-1.We conclude that signaling via cardiac ICAM-1 is necessary to mediate leukocyte-dependent decreases of left ventricular contractility in endotoxemic mice.
Identifying local mechanisms for tumor-derived immunosuppression: an integrated phenotypic screening approach
Authors: David J Klinke
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Simply stated, clinical response to an immunotherapy is proportional to the product of three quantities: the total number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), the proportion of tumor cells that can be recognized by these TILs, and the cytotoxic efficacy of TILs directed