tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radioiodine and Childhood Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: B. Marden Black
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Radioiodine has practically replaced thyroidectomy in the treatment of Graves's disease in adults. Earlier apprehension concerning radiation-induced thyroid cancers and leukemia have been dispelled by careful long-term observations of large numbers of patients. Transmissible genetic effects have not been documented, but cumulative experience is not extensive, because until about five years ago, few patients below the age of 40 were treated with radioiodine. Increases in congenital abnormalities have not been demonstrated, however, after irradiation from other sources, notably in children of surviving victims of atomic bombings.1 By contrast, childhood and adolescent Graves's disease has been treated with radioiodine only rarely, . . .
916. Sustained Whole-Body Functional Rescue by Systemic Delivery of AAV8 Vectors in Heart Failure and Muscular Dystrophy Hamsters
Authors: Tong Zhu, Liqiao Zhou, Satsuki Mori, Zhong Wang, Charles Mctiernan, Chunping Qiao, Chunlian Chen, Daowen Wang, Juan Li, Xiao Xiao
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The success of muscular dystrophy gene therapy requires widespread and stable gene delivery with minimal invasiveness. Using the delta-sarcoglycan (|[delta]|SG)-deficient hamster (TO-2), a congestive heart failure and muscular dystrophy hamster model, here we show that a single injection of double-stranded adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector carrying human delta-sarcoglycan gene (dsAAV8-|[delta]|SG), without the need of any physical or pharmaceutical interventions, achieved nearly complete gene transfer and tissue-specific expression in the heart and skeletal muscles of the diseases hamsters.
Autologous vein graft-coated stent for the treatment of coronary artery disease: Immediate results after percutaneous implantation in humans
Authors: Christodoulos Stefanadis, Eleftherios Tslamis, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Ioannis Kallikazaros, Costas Stratos, Manolis Vavuranakis, Asimakis Sideris, Pavlos Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Scientists create human cancer cells
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Scientists have succeeded in genetically transforming normal human cells into cancer cells, a feat that eluded the research community for years. The work yields fresh insights into the process of carcinogenesis and may lead to new anticancer treatments (Nature 1999;400:401-2). Although re-searchers have converted normal human cells into cancer cells before, this is the first time that a precise molecular recipe has …
The "Public Interest" and the "Medically Substandard" Pilot
Authors: James Y. Bradfield
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In the interest of safety, a pilot known to have had a myocardial infarction is denied medical certification. Only the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration may allow recertification. He acts on the advice of an appointed Medical Advisory Panel. Only 25% of those evaluated are considered good risks to resume flying activities. Of a group of 124 pilots allowed to resume flying and followed up for a period of six years, 12 have died. This mortality ratio compares favorably with other longevity studies.
(8) Ectodermal dyiiplasia
Authors: E. Saihan, R.P. Warin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article (8) Ectodermal dyiiplasia Get access E. Saihan, E. Saihan Bristol Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.P. Warin R.P. Warin Bristol Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Pages 34–36, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14316.x Published: 01 December 1977
Fibers, crystals, and other forms of HbS polymers in deoxygenated sickle erythrocytes
Authors: Athanasia A. Kaperonis, Dean A. Handley, Shu Chien
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract We have examined by electron microscopy the formation of fibers and crystals from sickle hemoglobin within sickle erythrocytes following deoxygenation during capillary storage from 1 to 132 days. Intracellular fibers were found on the first day and throughout the period of study. The fibers exhibited a diameter (mean ± SD) of 17.4 ± 0.62 nm and were aligned in the cell with a fiber‐to‐fiber spacing of 18.6 nm (x‐axis) by 22.7 nm (y‐ axis). Between 65 and 132 days, extracellular hemoglobin crystals developed, with a lattice periodicity of 9.63 ± 0.6 nm. Fibers and crystals coexist as separate structures. These results suggest that crystal formation upon storage of packed deoxygenated sickle erythrocytes may proceed via a phase of fiber dissolution followed by hemoglobin reassembly into extracellular crystals, rather than by a progressive alignment and direct fusion of existing fibers.
SEX–SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN LATE MORTALITY AFTER TRANSCATHETER AVR IN THE PARTNER TRIAL
Authors: Susheel K. Kodali, Mathew Williams, Karin Humphries, David Cohen, Vuyisile Nkomo, Neil Weissman, Vinod Thourani, Lars Svensson, E. Murat Tuzcu, Thomas C. McAndrew, Martin B. Leon, D. Craig Miller, Ajay Kirtane
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Medical oaths, declarations, and codes.
Authors: R Gillon
Journal: BMJ (1985)

In the second of a series of articles on philosophical medical ethics, Gillon briefly describes the World Medical Association's declarations on medical ethics, including the Declaration of Geneva, the international code of medical ethics adopted in London in 1949, and the Declarations of Helsinki, Lisbon, Sydney, Oslo, Tokyo, Hawaii, and Venice. Raising the question whether British physicians should be bound by these declarations, rather than by the code of ethics of the General Medical Council which has legal jurisdiction over them, he contends that law is too fluid to serve as a foundation for ethics. He plans to discuss the fundamental underpinnings of medical ethics in subsequent articles.
Elderly women are being denied treatments for breast cancer
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Many women with breast cancer are being denied treatment that could extend their lives because doctors are making judgments about their health on grounds of age, said cancer specialists this week.

Yet half the women who get breast cancer are aged over 65, and of these women 60% will die from the disease, said Professor Ian Fentiman, professor of surgical oncology at Guy's Hospital, London, at a debate on breast cancer in elderly women held in London by …
The Action of Cardiac Glycosides on Experimental Auricular Flutter
Authors: ALFRED FARAH, T. A. LOOMIS
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The effect of cardiac glycosides on auricular flutter produced by the method of Rosenblueth and Garcia Ramos is studied. In the denervated heart these drugs produce an increase in the effective refractory period, a decrease in conduction velocity and excitability. The flutter is reverted to a sinus rhythm because of the increase in the effective refractory period. In the innervated heart these glycosides can change the auricular flutter to auricular fibrillation. This change is mediated through the vagus since atropine or cutting the vagi promptly reverts the fibrillation to a sinus rhythm. The change from auricular flutter to fibrillation was never observed in vagotomized dogs.
Abstract 656: Clinical profiles predict early non-adherence to adjuvant endocrine treatment in a prospective breast cancer cohort
Authors: Andrea Markkula, Maria Hietala, Maria Henningson, Christian Ingvar, Carsten Rose, Helena C. Jernström
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Non-adherence to adjuvant endocrine breast cancer treatment adversely affects disease-free and overall survival. Clinical predictors of non-adherence may allow for specific interventions to reduce non-adherence and improve survival. The aim was to investigate whether clinical characteristics predict non-adherence. Clinical characteristics and information on adherence were obtained from 417 breast cancer patients in a population-based prospective cohort from southern Sweden using patient charts, pathology reports, and questionnaires filled out at the 1- and 2-year follow-up visits. A BMI&amp;lt;25, preoperative current smoking, and drinking alcohol less often than twice a month predicted non-adherence at the 1-year (OR 6.43, 3.12-13.24) and the 2-year visits (OR 4.91, 2.33-10.36) in patients with at least two of these clinical characteristics. When low histological grade (I) was added to the model, having at least two of these four clinical characteristics predicted non-adherence at the 1-year (OR 5.84, 2.73-12.51) and the 2-year visits (OR 5.66, 2.54-12.63) and identified &amp;gt;72% of the non-adherent patients. Thirteen non-adherent patients declined treatment and were never prescribed endocrine treatment. In conclusion, two clinical profiles predicted early non-adherence and may be clinically useful if validated in an independent cohort. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 656. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-656
Presentation of Diagnostic Test Accuracy
Authors: Milo A. Puhan, Johann Steurer, Gerben ter Riet
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters7 February 2006Presentation of Diagnostic Test AccuracyMilo A. Puhan, MD, Johann Steurer, MD, MME, and Gerben ter Riet, MD, PhDMilo A. Puhan, MDFrom Horten Centre, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.Search for more papers by this author, Johann Steurer, MD, MMEFrom Horten Centre, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.Search for more papers by this author, and Gerben ter Riet, MD, PhDFrom Horten Centre, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-3-200602070-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Mr. Broce and Dr. Reyes state that it remains unclear how the surveyed physicians derived post-test probabilities. They wondered whether we provided the relevant equations and whether we recorded if participants calculated or guessed post-test probabilities. In fact, we did neither. Therefore, we could not determine how the physicians arrived at their post-test probabilities. However, our experience and research have shown us that most physicians do not formally calculate post-test probabilities; instead, they use quantitative information about a test's informativeness in an inexact way (1, 2). Along the same line, we developed the inexact numerical graphical format. The ...References1. Reid MC, Lane DA, Feinstein AR. Academic calculations versus clinical judgments: practicing physicians' use of quantitative measures of test accuracy. Am J Med. 1998;104:374-80. [PMID: 9576412] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Steurer J, Fischer JE, Bachmann LM, Koller M, ter Riet G. Communicating accuracy of tests to general practitioners: a controlled study. BMJ. 2002;324:824-6. [PMID: 11934776] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Horten Centre, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoA Randomized Trial of Ways To Describe Test Accuracy: The Effect on Physicians' Post-Test Probability Estimates Milo A. Puhan , Johann Steurer , Lucas M. Bachmann , and Gerben ter Riet Presentation of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Mike Broce and Bernardo Reyes Presentation of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Daniel J. Brotman Metrics 7 February 2006Volume 144, Issue 3Page: 221-222KeywordsConflicts of interestMedical educationQuestionnairesSpecificity ePublished: 7 February 2006 Issue Published: 7 February 2006 CopyrightCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Indifference to Pain in Low-grade Mental Defectives
Authors: T. A. Couston
Journal: BMJ (1954)

LARYNGEAL OBSTRUCTION ICareful aftercare is as important as the tracheotomy in maintaining a clear airway, and this must be the whole-time job of a nurse who is trained in performing suction toilet and in care of the tube. SummaryAcute laryngeal obstruction occurring as a post- operative condition is described in four cases.Its aetiology and treatment are discussed.It is con- sidered that, though there may be no difficulty on intubation, the trauma of an endotracheal tube is an aetiological factor and that cinchocaine used as a lubricant may be contributory.In the treatment of a severe case tracheotomy is preferred to reintubation.We acknowledge with thanks the co-operation and helpful criticisms of Mr. Emlyn Lewis, consultant plastic surgeon to the Welsh Regional Hospital Board, and Mr. A. H. R. Champion and Mr. A. McDowell, consultant plastic surgeons to the Man-
Striking Visualization of an A-V Dialysis Shunt on Bone Imaging
Authors: WALTER J. SLIZOFSKI, MILLARD N. CROLL, SIMIN DADPARVAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A 28-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus and a renal transplant in the left iliac fossa underwent radionuclide bone imaging because of hip and knee pain. Three-phase imaging demonstrated the striking appearance of an A-V dialysis shunt in the thigh.
Prognostic Impact of Vascular Leakage in Acute Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Masaru Terai, Takafumi Honda, Kumi Yasukawa, Kouji Higashi, Hiromichi Hamada, Yoichi Kohno
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Increased microvascular permeability is an initial step of Kawasaki disease (KD). We reported that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) might play a role in the vascular leakage of KD. In fatal KD, plasma leakage was extensively documented at VEGF-positive microvessels. Increases in vascular leakage cause hypoalbuminemia and noncardiogenic edema. However, the prognostic impact of vascular leakage in KD remains unclear. Methods and Results— We compared 76 patients who became afebrile within 5 days after starting intravenous gamma globulin (IVGG) (2 g/kg over 5 days) (IVGG-responsive) with 27 patients who did not respond (IVGG-resistant). Baseline levels of serum VEGF and albumin were similar between the groups. After IVGG, VEGF levels increased ( P &lt;0.0001) and albumin levels decreased ( P &lt;0.00001) in both groups. However, the IVGG-resistant group had higher VEGF levels ( P =0.029) and severe hypoalbuminemia ( P &lt;0.00001) compared with the IVGG-responsive group. Coronary aneurysms were documented in 12 patients from the IVGG-resistant group but not in the IVGG-responsive group. Then IVGG-resistant patients were divided into 2 subgroups according to the presence (n=12) or absence (n=15) of coronary aneurysms. There was no difference between subgroups in age, sex, laboratory data including albumin, and retreated doses of IVGG. However, body weight gain after IVGG was documented in patients who subsequently developed coronary aneurysms ( P =0.003) but not in those who did not ( P =0.967). Conclusions— These results suggest that vascular leakage may be a key feature of KD pathophysiology. The present study may provide better insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of patients resistant to IVGG in acute KD.
Thymus-Derived Rosette-Forming Cells in Various Human Disease States: Cancer, Lymphoma, Bacterial and Viral Infections, and Other Diseases
Authors: Joseph Wybran, H. Hugh Fudenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Lymphocytes that bind in vitro to sheep erythrocytes in a rosette formation are thymus-derived. A modified technique that does not detect the total number of rosette-forming cells (RFC) was used to study normal subjects and various disease states. Of 100 healthy subjects, 95 had more than 15% RFC (mean 28.4+/-6.5%). We studied 104 patients with solid tumors, who were classified according to clinical status and stage of therapy. Of 19 newly diagnosed patients, 13 had less than 15% RFC. Of 44 untreated patients undergoing relapse, 32 had less than 15% RFC. In both categories, patients with metastases had fewer RFC than patients with localized disease. 11 patients were studied 2 wk after cessation of therapy; four of them showed less than 15% RFC. Only one of 30 patients in remission had less than 15% RFC. In seven patients followed for various periods of time, the numbers of RFC correlated generally with clinical status. 11 patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia had very low percentages of RFC. 21 of 21 patients with symptoms of viral upper respiratory diseases had less than 15% RFC. RFC returned to normal values between 5 days and 7 wk after disappearance of clinical symptoms. 20 patients with bacterial infections had normal numbers of RFC. Of 25 patients with miscellaneous nonimmunologically related diseases, two had low numbers of RFC. It appears that the percentage of RFC may be valuable in evaluating not only immunological defenses but also the status of patients with solid tumors, lymphomas, viral diseases and, perhaps, bacterial infections.
Physical activity to prevent falls in older people: time to intervene in high risk groups using falls as an outcome
Authors: K M Khan, T Liu-Ambrose, M G Donaldson, H A McKay
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Fall related injuries and the resulting deaths in older adults are a major, and increasing, health problem world wide.1–3 About 30% of people over 65 years of age fall at least once a year, and about half of these do so recurrently.1, 3, 4 A fall may result in a fracture, particularly in an older person, and about 90% of hip fractures result from falls.5 The outcome of a hip fracture is fatal in 12–20% of cases.6 The annual cost of fall related fractures in the United States is estimated to be $10 billion.7 Furthermore, the incidence of hip fractures continues to rise steadily, even when age adjusted figures are used.1, 2

There are many causes of falls, and they are reviewed in detail elsewhere.8, 9 Some of the major categories of risk factors for falling are:





Even a cursory scan of this list discloses many modifiable factors.10 Therefore strategies for injury prevention may have an important role in alleviating the problem of fall related injuries. Training that involves strength, balance, and improved transfer must form part of an optimum intervention strategy to prevent falls.11, 12 This editorial aims to highlight opportunities for sports medicine clinicians and scientists who wish to work in a multidisciplinary research …
Abstract 1031: Blockade of radiation-induced neuropilin-1 in glioblastoma cells impairs migration of endothelial cells
Authors: Dilip Rajasekhar Maddirela, Divya Kesanakurti, Venkateswara R. Gogineni, Chandramu Chetty
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is an isoform specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), that regulates the development of the nervous system and also promotes angiogenesis in endothelial cells. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant tumor characterized by robust neoangiogenesis with an aberrant elevation of VEGF. Recent evidence suggests that the majority of GBMs after radiation therapy (IR) exhibit an angiogenic regeneration process, which contributes phenotypic plasticity and therapeutic resistance. A high expression of NRP-1 in GBM correlates with disease progression. In this study, we show that the IR-induced NRP-1 role in the VEGFR-2 mediated signaling cascade promotes migration of endothelial cells. We observed that IR (8Gy) significantly elevated levels of VEGF and NRP-1 expression in 4910 and 5310 human GBM xenograft cells. Endothelial cells cultured on tumor- conditioned media from IR induced xenograft cells showed a significant increase in migration of endothelial cells; whereas, conditioned medium (CM) from NRP-1 knockdown xenograft cells inhibited IR-induced migration effects in endothelial cells. Further, CM from NRP-1 inhibited cells downregulated IR-induced expression of VEGFR-2 and its downstream molecules Sema3A, Plexin-A1 and E-cadherin in endothelial cells. Immunoflourescence co-localization studies revealed that the interaction of NRP-1 and VEGFR-2 were significantly decreased in endothelial cells cultured on CM from NRP-1-siRNA-transfected xenograft cells compared to mock- and SV-transfected cells. Collectively, our data indicate that NRP-1 plays a significant role in the regulation of VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling and migration in endothelial cells, and thereby suggests NRP-1 as an important therapeutic target for glioma patients receiving radiation therapy. Citation Format: Dilip Rajasekhar Maddirela, Divya Kesanakurti, Venkateswara R. Gogineni, Chandramu Chetty. Blockade of radiation-induced neuropilin-1 in glioblastoma cells impairs migration of endothelial cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1031. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1031
Goltz Syndrome with Multiple Giant-Cell Tumor-Like Lesions in Bones
Authors: GOLDA SELZER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

A girl with Goltz syndrome manifested focal dermal hypoplasia, pigmentation of the skin, large low-set ears, syndactyly, asymmetry of the legs, and absence of digits and a portion of sacrum, as well as short carpal and tarsal bones. She developed recurrent papillomata of lips and tongue. She also developed hitherto undescribed giant-cell tumor-like lesions, involving short as well as long bones, that are not caused by hyperparathyroidism or giant-cell tumors and probably are an associated inherent mesodermal defect. These features suggest a mesodermal dysplasia.
Medical Management of Renal Scleroderma
Authors: Paul J. Cannon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Progressive systemic sclerosis (diffuse scleroderma) is a disease of unknown cause characterized by widespread alterations of connective tissue, vascular lesions in many organs and by a variety of vasomotor abnormalities among which Raynaud's phenomenon is the most common. Renal involvement in progressive systemic sclerosis (mentioned by Osler in 1892 and described in detail by Moore and Sheehan in 1952) has been shown in several more recent studies to be the major factor that adversely affects prognosis in the disease.1,2 In a study of 210 patients seen at Columbia–Presbyterian Medical Center from 1952 to 1972 proteinuria, hypertension or azotemia occurred in . . .