tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply to V. Pitini et al
Authors: Edward H. Romond, Priya Rastogi, Jong-Hyeon Jeong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

We appreciate the comments of Pitini et al regarding our recent report of 7-year follow-up of cardiac function in National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project protocol B-31, which is evaluating the benefits and risks of adding trastuzumab to standard chemotherapy for the adjuvant treatment of women with early stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive breast cancer. We agree that a dynamic evaluation of cardiac function, for example by echocardiogram, provides more detailed assessment of myocardial function than multigated acquisition (MUGA) scans, and clearly all imaging modalities carry a margin of error. It is worth pointing out that for the first 1,000 patients enrolled onto B-31, the primary end point of the protocol was not the clinical efficacy of trastuzumab but cardiac safety. As such, patients with any significant cardiac condition were excluded from participation, including those with any arrhythmia requiring medication. The cardiac risk score applies only to those patients who would have met the eligibility requirements of the protocol from which it was developed. As we mentioned in the Methods section, MUGA scans were chosen over echocardiograms in order to write rules for holding or stopping trastuzumab and to minimize observer variability across institutions. We also agree that the accuracy of the baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measurement is critical, not only for the cardiac risk score, but also because it serves as the comparison point for subsequent LVEF measurements in determining whether to hold or continue trastuzumab. For instance, if a patient is dehydrated when her baseline LVEF study is performed, the value obtained may be higher than a true reflection of her level of systolic function, and the difference between baseline and subsequent measurements then may be exaggerated, in some cases potentially affecting decisions about whether to hold or continue trastuzumab. Finally, we welcome the important work that is being done using biomarkers such as ultrasensitive troponin, and we cite two such studies in our discussion. In the end, however, any indicators of potential cardiac risk, whether by risk score, biomarkers, or genetics, must be integrated into clinical decision algorithms regarding optimal use of trastuzumab in the treatment of patients with breast cancer.
Lack of sensing by demand pacemakers due to intraventricular conduction defects.
Authors: Z Vera, D T Mason, N A Awan, G Hiliard, R A Massumi
Journal: Circulation (1975)

A previously unrecognized form of failure of normally functioning noncompetitive R-inhibited or R-triggered pacemakers to sense is described in 30 patients. The failure was produced by the delayed arrival of ventricular depolarization due to intraventricular conduction disturbances at the site of pacemaker sensing electrodes. These patinets with late activation of the right ventricle exhibited right bundle branch block (RBBB) during conducted sinus beats or had ectopic beats arising from the left ventricle. In both these situations, several late occurring QRS complexes were not sensed by the pacemaker electrodes in the right ventricular apex (RVA) and thereby the R-inhibited pacemaker spike discharged into the initial portion of the QRS complex. Activation of the RVA was delayed up to 65 msec in sinus beats with RBBB and even longer in premature beats arising from the left ventricle. The depolarization front of such beats reached the myocardium around the right ventricular pacemaker electrodes late in the QRS and thereby were not sensed up to 65 msec after the QRS onset as seen on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG). It was found in this study that if the inscription of such QRS complexes began up to 65 msec before the next due pacemaker impulse, these complexes were not sensed, allowing discharge of normally functioning R-inhibited pacemakers within the QRS which mimicked pacemaker malfunction. Failure to sense due to this phenomenon was observed in patients with noncompetitive pacemakers, both R-inhibited and R-triggered; temporary and permanent; with unipolar as well as bipolar electrodes. Similarly, patients with left ventricular epicardial electrodes and left bundle branch block in sinus beats also exhibited this phenomenon. Complete evaluation proved that pacemaker function was normal in the entire patient group. Recognition that failure to sense was the result of intraventricular conduction disorder prevented the untimely replacement of the pulse generator. This phenomenon of nonsensing by noncompetitive pacemakers should be considered in the presence of wide QRS complexes before the pacemaker is concluded to be malfunctioning.
Prothrombin Gene Mutation (G20210A) is Not Associated with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation with Ischemic Stroke in Turkish Population
Authors: Atilla İçli, Nilgün Erten, Salaheddin Akçay, Recep Sütçü, Akif Arslan, Erdoğan Yaşar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Candy Flavorings in Tobacco
Authors: Jessica E Brown, Wentai Luo, Lorne M Isabelle, James F Pankow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

This section asks about your financial relationships with entities in the bio-medical arena that could be perceived to influence, or that give the appearance of potentially influencing, what you wrote in the submitted work.You should disclose interactions with ANY entity that could be considered broadly relevant to the work.For example, if your article is about testing an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antagonist in lung cancer, you should report all associations with entities pursuing diagnostic or therapeutic strategies in cancer in general, not just in the area of EGFR or lung cancer.Report all sources of revenue paid (or promised to be paid) directly to you or your institution on your behalf over the 36 months prior to submission of the work.This should include all monies from sources with relevance to the submitted work,
The Management of Some of the More Common Diseases of the Lower Bowel
Authors: L. CARL SANDERS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

Article1 June 1929The Management of Some of the More Common Diseases of the Lower BowelL. CARL SANDERS, M.D.L. CARL SANDERS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-12-1323 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDiseases of the anus and rectum are the most neglected of all the pathologic conditions affecting the human organism. Just why this is true is difficult to explain. Both women and men have an inherent reluctance in volunteering information concerning abnormal conditionst about the anus. They frequently use the various advertised nostrums to treat themselves, rather than seek medical advice. The medical profession has not considered seriously enough its responsibility in caring for the diseases of the lower bowel. Medical instructors casually mention anorectal diseases and medical journals are conspicuously short of articles bearing on this subject. Physicians often neglect... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Polyclinic Memphis, Tenn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1929Volume 2, Issue 12Page: 1323-1327KeywordsAnal and rectal disordersAnusInflammatory bowel diseaseRectum ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1929 PDF downloadLoading ...
Which is the Better Prognostic Factor for Resected Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: The Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes or the Currently Used Nodal Stage Classification?
Authors: Shenhai Wei, Hisao Asamura, Riken Kawachi, Hiroyuki Sakurai, Shun-ichi Watanabe
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
A live avirulent mutant Legionella pneumophila vaccine induces protective immunity against lethal aerosol challenge.
Authors: S J Blander, R F Breiman, M A Horwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

We have examined the capacity of a live avirulent mutant form of the intracellular bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila to induce immune responses and protective immunity in guinea pigs. The mutant L. pneumophila is nonlethal to guinea pigs and does not revert to virulence with passage through guinea pigs. In contrast, exposure of guinea pigs to aerosols containing wild-type L. pneumophila induces a pneumonic illness that clinically and pathologically resembles Legionnaires' disease in humans. Guinea pigs immunized by aerosol exposure to mutant L. pneumophila developed a strong humoral immune response to wild-type L. pneumophila antigens with reciprocal antibody titers of 32-512 (median 256) by the indirect fluorescent antibody assay, compared with titers of less than 2 for control (sham immunized) guinea pigs. Mutant immunized but not control guinea pigs also developed strong cell-mediated immune responses to wild-type L. pneumophila antigens, as demonstrated in assays of cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity and in vitro splenic lymphocyte proliferation. Mutant immunized guinea pigs developed strong protective immunity to lethal aerosol challenge with wild-type L. pneumophila. In four independent experiments 40-83% of mutant immunized guinea pigs survived compared with 0% of control guinea pigs. Overall, 13 of 21 (62%) mutant immunized guinea pigs survived compared with 0 of 21 (0%) control guinea pigs (P = 0.00002, Fisher's exact test, two-tailed). Mutant immunization induced protection comparable to wild-type immunization in these studies; 8 of 14 (57%) guinea pigs immunized by wild-type L. pneumophila survived. This study demonstrates that guinea pigs immunized with a live avirulent mutant L. pneumophila vaccine (a) develop a strong humoral immune response to wild-type L. pneumophila antigens; (b) develop a strong cell-mediated immune response to wild-type L. pneumophila antigens; and (c) develop protective immunity to lethal aerosol challenge with wild-type L. pneumophila. This study demonstrates the feasibility of a vaccine against Legionnaires' disease.
DOES LGE PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO PROGNOSIS FOR PAH PATIENTS?
Authors: Siva Kumar Soma, Dilip Raghuveer, Sourabh Prabhakar, June Yamrozik, Ronald Williams, Diane Vido, Mark Doyle, Raymond Benza, Srinivas Murali, Amresh Raina, Robert Biederman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Conflicts of Interest and Independent Data Analysis in Industry-Funded Studies
Authors: C. J. Loew
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Challenges of designing hepatic encephalopathy treatment trials
Authors: Madhusudhan R. Sanaka, Janus P. Ong, Kevin D. Mullen
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Abstract Background/Aims: The efficacy and safety of rifaximin in comparison with lactitol in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy was assessed in a prospective randomized, double–blind, double–dummy, controlled trial. Methods: A total of 103 patients with grade I–III acute hepatic encephalopathy were randomized to receive rifaximin (50 patients, 1200 mg/day) or lactitol (53 patients, 60 g/day) for 5–10 days. Changes in portal–systemic encephalopathy (PSE) index on entry and at the end of the study were used to evaluate the efficacy of the two therapies. Results: Both groups were comparable before treatment with regard to demographic data and characteristics of the hepatic encephalopathy episode. The global efficacy of both therapies was similar: 81.6% in the rifaximin group and 80.4% in the lactitol group showed improvement or total regression of the episode. A significantly better evolution of the PSE index was observed in the rifaximin group, due to a greater effect of rifaximin in two components of the index: EEG abnormalities and ammonia levels. No serious events related to either treatment were found during the study. Conclusions: Rifaximin may be considered a useful and safe alternative therapy to lactitol in the treatment of acute hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis.
(12) Urticaria, amyloidosis and deafness. Muckle Wells syndrome
Authors: R.H. Champion
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Journal Article (12) Urticaria, amyloidosis and deafness. Muckle Wells syndrome Get access R.H. Champion R.H. Champion Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue s11, 1 July 1975, Pages 46–48, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06794.x Published: 01 July 1975
<i>HPRT</i> Mutations in Lymphocytes from 1,3-Butadiene-Exposed Workers in China
Authors: Shengxue Liu, Lin Ao, Bing Du, Yanhong Zhou, Jian Yuan, Yang Bai, Ziyuan Zhou, Jia Cao
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Background1,3-Butadiene (BD) is an important industrial chemical and an environmental and occupational pollutant. The carcinogenicity of BD in rodents has been proved, but its carcinogenic and mutagenic molecular mechanism(s) are not fully elucidated in humans.ObjectivesIn the present study, we compared the mutation frequencies and exon deletions of BD-exposed workers with that of control subjects in China to identify the characteristic mutations associated with BD exposure in the human HPRT (hypoxanthine–guanine–phosphoribosyltransferase) gene.MethodsSeventy-four workers exposed to BD via inhalation and 157 matched controls were evaluated in Nanjing, China. Molecular analysis of HPRT mutant T lymphocytes from BD-exposed workers and nonexposed control subjects was conducted to identify changes in the structure of the HPRT gene. A total of 783 HPRT mutants were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction, in which 368 HPRT mutants were isolated from BD-exposed workers and 415 mutants from control subjects.ResultsThe BD-exposed workers showed a higher mutation frequency (18.2 ± 9.4 × 10−6) than the control subjects (12.7 ± 7.3 × 10−6), but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). The frequency of exon deletions in BD-exposed workers (27.4%) was significantly higher than that in control subjects (12.5%) (p < 0.05), which mainly included multiplex exon deletions (2–8 exons).ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that BD should increase the frequency of large deletions of HPRT gene in human lymphocytes This change confirms and supports the previous findings in BD-exposed workers.
Cerebral Damage in Whooping-cough
Authors: L. Wolman
Journal: BMJ (1962)

OR,,I ment is a random process.The Chart shows the increase in specific activity with time for replacement at 1, 2, 5, and 10 % per year.It also shows observed specific activities for various bones (femora, ribs, vertebrae, ilia, calvaria, patellae).The observations for 1959 and 1961 are for normal subjects killed in accidents.The plots suggest that replacement is 1-2% per year for calvaria, 2-5% for femora, ribs, and patellae, and 7-10% for ilia and vertebrae.Kulp and Schulert (1961) calculate a figure of 2.5% per year for the whole skeleton. CONCLUSIONThe conclusion from the present paper is that strontium built into bone (as distinct from that on bone surfaces) is more tenaciously held and recycled than strontium entering the plasma from diet.Estimates of the annual rate of replacement in the adult are thus only a few per cent.per year, when calculated from long- term ingestion of strontium-90, somewhat more according to short-term experiment involving ingestion of strontium-85 for a month, and much less than the total turnover of bone mineral.
Ununited Fracture of the Forearm, with Deficiency of the Ulna, Treated Successfully by Excision and the Wire Suture
Authors: T. Annandale
Journal: BMJ (1875)

R. K., aged 29, was admitted into my wards on June 24th, I873, suffering from an ununited fracture of the bones of the forearm.About six months before his admission, bis forearm had been severely injured by machinery.Both bones were fractured, and a large lacerated wound was caused by the accident.He was taken to a provincial hospital, and carefully treated for several months.About three months after the accident, a large piece of bone (a portion of the ulna) gradually loosened, and was removed.Three weeks after this, the wound was healed, but the bones had not united properly.When the arm was examined, a large cicatrix was noticed over the
Virtual Imaging for Teaching Cardiac Embryology
Authors: Jean-Marc Schleich, Jean-Louis Dillenseger
Journal: Circulation (2001)

K nowledge of the embryology of the normal heart is essential for understanding the development of congenital cardiopathies.However, learning embryology is not an easy matter because it requires understanding the intricacy and evolution of many complex structures and functions.Classically, this evolution is usually described in textbooks by means of drawings and sketches.With these techniques, however, it is difficult to imagine the spatial and temporal links.Recent advances in computer graphics have brought about ways to illustrate these dimensions.We developed a 3D animation of the full embryogenetic process of the normal heart.A group of cardiac embryology experts composed of cardiologists, paediatrician-cardiologists, and embryologists synthesized the data contained in the main textbooks of embryology.On the basis of the resultant consensus, computer graphics were used to model 3D anatomical structures corresponding to each stage of heart development: fertilization, development of trilaminar germ disc, formation and folding of the primitive heart tube (Figure, A), morphogenesis of the heart chambers (Figure, B and C) and valves, and development of the aorta and the pulmonary artery (Figure, C).These illustrations demonstrate that virtual imaging can significantly improve the understanding of complex systems.It is now possible to understand normal heart development in 15 minutes.
Effects of a "new" human respiratory virus in volunteers.
Authors: A. F. Bradburne, M. L. Bynoe, D. A. Tyrrell
Journal: BMJ (1967)

We recently reported the cultivation in organ cultures of a virus, B814, which caused colds in volunteers but could not be detected or propagated in tissue cultures (Tyrrell and Bynoe, 1965). Hamre and Procknow (1966) have discovered a new virus in the respiratory tract of six students suffering from colds. There was a slight viral cytopathic effect in tissue cultures of human embryo kidney cells, but the virus was subsequently adapted to the WI-38 strain of human embryo fibroblasts. Both of these viruses were ether-labile but apparently unrelated serologically to any known myxoviruses. It now appears that they are morphologically identical and indistinguishable from the viruses of avian infectious bronchitis (Almeida and Tyrrell, 1967), and mouse hepatitis (Tyrrell and Almeida, 1967). The particles are 80-120 rxifx in diameter, pleomorphic, and sur rounded by a fringe of club-shaped projections about 20 m/x in length. Recently, further viruses of this morphological type have been isolated in organ cultures by Mclntosh et al. (1967). We have now given the prototype strain, 229-E, of Hamre and Procknow to volunteers in order to determine whether it causes colds and to study serum neutralizing antibody during infections with viruses of this type.
THE BACTERIOLOGY OF WHOOPING COUGH
Authors: GEORGE M. LAWSON
Journal: JAMA (1927)

In 1906, Bordet and Gengou<sup>1</sup>succeeded in cultivating<i>Bacillus pertussis</i>from cases of whooping cough. Since their pioneer discoveries, isolated reports of a few cases each have been published, but in this country routine cultures in cases of whooping cough have had little vogue. The work of Meyer, Chievitz<sup>2</sup>and their co-workers at the Danish Serum Institute has demonstrated conclusively the value of bacteriologic methods in the diagnosis of this disease, and their studies, now extending over a number of years, have been too little appreciated in the United States. In a report covering 1,106 cases they were able to isolate the causative organism in 970, a percentage of 87.7 isolations. Dividing these cases into groups according to the stage of the disease at the time cultures were taken, their success may be tabulated as shown in table 1. In the United States, reports on the bacteriology of the
SIMILAR EFFECT OF AUTOLOGOUS AND ALLOGENEIC CELL THERAPY FOR ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE: RESULTS FROM A META-ANALYSIS OF LARGE ANIMAL STUDIES
Authors: Sanne Jansen of Lorkeers, Joep Eding, Tycho Van der Spoel, Hanna Vesterinen, Emily Sena, Pieter Doevendans, Malcolm Macleod, Steven Chamuleau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Treatment of recurrent HCV infection following liver transplantation: Results of a multicenter, randomized, versus placebo, trial of ribavirin alone as maintenance therapy after one year of PegIFNα-2a plus ribavirin
Authors: Yvon Calmus, Christophe Duvoux, Georges Pageaux, Philippe Wolf, Lionel Rostaing, Claire Vanlemmens, Danielle Botta-Fridlund, Sébastien Dharancy, Jean Gugenheim, François Durand, Martine Néau-Cransac, Olivier Boillot, Olivier Chazouillères, Laurence Samelson, Karim Boudjema, Didier Samuel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Unusual Artifact in Electrocardiography
Authors: Martin Duke
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the course of patient monitoring, unusual electrocardiographic patterns may arise from causes other than electrical events of the cardiac cycle. The following episode initially was considered to be one of arrhythmia, until further study proved otherwise. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 27-year-old man suffered a cardiac arrest, apparently after an electric shock. At the time of arrival at the hospital, the patient was cyanotic, pulseless, and not breathing. Cardiac resuscitative measures reverted cardiac standstill to ventricular fibrillation, the latter reverting to normal sinus rhythm on electrical defibrillation. Within a few minutes the pulse, blood pressure, and ventilation were maintained without additional manual or other assistance, although the patient remained unconscious due to brain damage. A tracheostomy was performed. The ECG on the monitor indicated normal sinus rhythm, 90 beats per minute. After 28 hours the ECG pattern suddenly changed, showing what appeared to be a rapid