tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Alleles and the Disease Course in Sarcoidosis Patients
Authors: Johan Grunewald, Anders Eklund, Olle Olerup
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Several lines of evidence suggest a genetic predisposition to sarcoidosis, and strong associations have been shown with the major histocompatibility complex gene complex. In this study on Scandinavian sarcoidosis patients, we investigated any influence on the outcome of disease by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles alone and in combination with selected class II alleles. HLA-B*07 independently increased the risk for persistent sarcoidosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-3.7), as well as for resolving disease (OR, 2.7; CI, 1.1-6.2), suggesting an influence on factors common to both forms of sarcoidosis. The common allele combination A*03, B*07, DRB1*15 was most strongly associated with persistent disease (OR, 4.7; CI, 2.2-10.2) and was found in 25.3% of patients with persistent disease versus 7.1% of healthy control subjects. HLA-B*08 tended to increase separately the risk for resolving disease (OR, 2.4; CI, 0.7-8.0), as well as for persistent disease (OR, 2.2; CI, 0.8-6.1). Other HLA class I associations were mainly secondary to their linkages to DRB1*03 and DRB1*15, respectively. The influence of HLA class I alleles on sarcoidosis thus seems more pronounced than previously thought, and both HLA class I and class II should be relevant to evaluate in the clinical management of sarcoidosis patients.
REPORT OF A CASE OF PSEUDOLEUKEMIA INFANTUM (VON JAKSCH'S DISEASE)
Authors: DAVID A. ROTH
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Since von Jaksch first called attention to the association of splenomegaly with anemia in children, a number of similar cases have been studied under the name of von Jaksch's disease. But as most of the cases reported differ in their clinical features and pathologic findings, the existence of the condition as a distinct disease of the blood is still a matter of dispute. Pseudoleukemia infantum is now defined as a rare disease of childhood, characterized by a severe anemia, marked enlargement of the spleen, some enlargement of the liver, and a chronic course with one or more relapses. The anemia is the most constant feature of the disease. It presents the combined blood picture of pernicious anemia and leukocytosis or lymphocytosis. While splenic enlargement is said to be an important diagnostic finding, it cannot be so considered in this country, where chronic malarial spleens are common among the children. The
Does bullying cause emotional problems? A prospective study of young teenagers
Authors: L. Bond, J. B Carlin, L. Thomas, K. Rubin, G. Patton
Journal: BMJ (2001)

To establish the relation between recurrent peer victimisation and onset of self reported symptoms of anxiety or depression in the early teen years.Cohort study over two years.Secondary schools in Victoria, Australia.2680 students surveyed twice in year 8 (aged 13 years) and once in year 9.Self reported symptoms of anxiety or depression were assessed by using the computerised version of the revised clinical interview schedule. Incident cases were students scoring >/=12 in year 9 but not previously. Prior victimisation was defined as having been bullied at either or both survey times in year 8.Prevalence of victimisation at the second survey point in year 8 was 51% (95% confidence interval 49% to 54%), and prevalence of self reported symptoms of anxiety or depression was 18% (16% to 20%). The incidence of self reported symptoms of anxiety or depression in year 9 (7%) was significantly associated with victimisation reported either once (odds ratio 1.94, 1.1 to 3.3) or twice (2.30, 1.2 to 4.3) in year 8. After adjustment for availability of social relations and for sociodemographic factors, recurrent victimisation remained predictive of self reported symptoms of anxiety or depression for girls (2.60, 1.2 to 5.5) but not for boys (1.36, 0.6 to 3.0). Newly reported victimisation in year 9 was not significantly associated with prior self report of symptoms of anxiety or depression (1.48, 0.4 to 6.0).A history of victimisation and poor social relationships predicts the onset of emotional problems in adolescents. Previous recurrent emotional problems are not significantly related to future victimisation. These findings have implications for how seriously the occurrence of victimisation is treated and for the focus of interventions aimed at addressing mental health issues in adolescents.
Controversial Proposals for London Medical Schools
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

FOR many years there has been debate about the role of London's 12 undergraduate medical schools and their associated teaching hospitals. They all have long and distinguished histories, and the names of many are known around the world. St. Bartholomew's Hospital, best known as Bart's, claims to be the oldest and was founded by the monk Rahere in 1123. St. Thomas' was next in 1215, and then it was not until the 18th and 19th centuries that the majority of the other London teaching hospitals appeared and their medical schools were established. Guy's was founded by Thomas Guy in 1724, . . .
Population-based patterns of systemic therapy use in liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: Trenton Tyler Kellock, Gillian Gresham, Winson Y. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

576 Background: Treatment of liver-limited mCRC frequently involves systemic therapy and surgery. Our aims were to 1) explore the use and choice of systemic therapy pre- and post-liver resection and 2) examine if specific patient characteristics or therapy regimens were associated with improved outcomes. Methods: Patients diagnosed with liver-limited mCRC from 2006 to 2007 in British Columbia were reviewed. Summary statistics were conducted to describe surgical and systemic treatment patterns. Kaplan-Meier methodology was used to characterize the relationship between systemic regimen and overall survival (OS). Results: Among 374 patients, 42% were aged ≥70 years, 60% were men, 29/39/32% were ECOG 0/1/2+, 80% had primary tumor surgery, and 68% received prior adjuvant chemotherapy. For liver metastases, 95 (26%) were offered hepatic resection. Compared to those who did not receive surgery, resected patients were younger (median 60 vs. 69, p&lt;0.01), better functioning (ECOG 0/1 86% vs. 55%, p&lt;0.01), and had smaller (median 3 vs. 4 cm, p&lt;0.03) and fewer (median 2 vs. 4, p&lt;0.01) lesions. They also had improved median OS (11.0 vs. 9.4 months, p&lt;0.01). Surgical patients having a solitary lesion (p=0.03) or a largest lesion ≤3 cm (p=0.02) experienced better survival. Performance status (HR=0.54, p=0.35), age (HR=0.47, p=0.30), and sex (HR=0.68, p=0.48) did not impact outcomes. Among patients who underwent hepatic resection, 80% received some form of chemotherapy (Table). Median OS did not differ significantly based on choice of chemotherapy: FOLFOX (13.9 months), FOLFIRI (11.5 months), and capecitabine (10.9 months) (p=0.44) or receipt of bevacizumab: yes (14.5 months) vs. no (11.1 months) (p=0.57). Conclusions: In this population-based cohort of liver-limited mCRC patients, hepatic resection was associated with improved survival. Among those offered some form of peri-operative therapy, FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and capecitabine, either alone or in combination with bevacizumab, appear to be reasonable treatment options. [Table: see text]
AB0634 Brown tumors in hemodialysis: study of 12 tunisian patients
Authors: K. Ben Abdelghani, S. Barboch, F. Jaziri, A. Khediri, I. Ghorsane, A. Hazzallah, F. Elyounsi, F. Ben Hamida, A. Kheder
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Brown tumors are unusual but serious complications of renal osteodystrophy. This unusual complication of secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is more commonly seen with increased longevity of hemodialysis patients and can be found in any bone <h3>Objectives</h3> We retrospectively studied 12 patients presenting with chronic renal failure and brown tumor related to secondary hyperparathyroidism <h3>Methods</h3> The purpose of this study is to analyze cli­nical, biologic and radiologic characteristics of brown tumors in our patients <h3>Results</h3> Eleven patients were on chronic hemodialysis and 1 case was chronic renal failure. The median duration between renal failure and end stage renal failure was 36 months (range: 12-190 months) and the median duration in dialysis for 11 cases: 92 months (range: 72-252 months). The bone pain was noted in all cases (100%), pathological fracture in one case (8%) and a palpable bone tumor in 10 cases (83%). Elevated serum calcium (&gt; 2.35 mmol/L) was noted in four cases (33%), elevated serum Phosphate (&gt; 1.78 mmol/L) in ten cases (80%), elevated serum alkaline phosphate (&gt; 290 UI/L) in all cases and intact PTH was &gt; 300 pg/mL in all cases with a serum median rate at 1475 pg/mL (range: 682-3687 pg/L). Subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in all cases with a resultant decrease in size of brown tumors. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Phosphate binders and vitamin D are useful preventive measures of secondary HPT and brown tumors. Radiological bone evaluation is need to diagnosis asymptomatic brown tumors. Parathyroidectomy remains the first choice treatment leads often in a decrease of size of brown tumors. Remaining tumor mass may need sometimes local surgical removal after parathyroidectomy. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Treatment of nonallergic perennial rhinitis
Authors: G. Ciprandi
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Nonallergic perennial rhinitis (also commonly referred to as vasomotor rhinitis) is a chronic non-IgE-mediated condition that is characterized by symptoms which are similar to those seen in allergic rhinitis, but which persist for over nine months each year. Although treatment of vasomotor rhinitis involves the use of either intranasal corticosteroids or antihistamines, the corticosteroids are generally not effective in treatment of all the symptoms of vasomotor rhinitis and have generally been shown to be effective in patients with eosinophilia. With the exception of azelastine, the only topical antihistamine to be approved by the FDA for the treatment of nonallergic rhinitis, the antihistamines have also produced inconsistent results. While clinical studies of azelastine have demonstrated that this drug is highly efficacious in the treatment of all the symptoms of vasomotor rhinitis, mechanistic studies have demonstrated that azelastine has potent anti-inflammatory effects (in particular attenuation of the expression and synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leukotrienes, and cell adhesion molecules), which are likely to contribute to its clinical efficacy. Furthermore, pharamacokinetic studies have suggested that since azelastine has a more rapid onset of action, compared to most other antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids, then azelastine nasal spray may be considered as primary therapy for patients with symptoms of both allergic and/or vasomotor (nonallergic perennial) rhinitis.
HEART-BLOCK IN A CASE OF PNEUMONIA
Authors: R. R. M. Porter
Journal: BMJ (1914)

In the first the patient, a lady, is in excellent health, and has gaiined 14 lb. in weight.She says she "feels a new woman."The kidneys are in excellent position.The second patient, a niurse, who had been compelled to give up.work,writes: " I am pleased to say that I am very well iindeed.
Functionally Distinct Subpopulations of Cord Blood CD34+ Cells Are Transduced by Adenoviral Vectors with Serotype 5 or 35 Tropism
Authors: Marcus Nilsson, Stefan Karlsson, Xiaolong Fan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5)-based vectors can be retargeted with fiber receptor specificity of serotype 35 adenovirus (Ad5F35) and thereby bypass the paucity of the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) on hematopoietic cells by utilizing CD46 as cellular receptor. The gene transfer efficiency into NOD/SCID repopulating cells by an Ad5F35-GFP vector was investigated in comparison with its corresponding Ad5-GFP vector. Cord blood CD34+ cells were transduced following overnight culture under serum-free conditions supported by early acting cytokines. In agreement with previous findings, the Ad5F35-GFP vector showed significant superiority to the Ad5-GFP vector in gene transfer into cells with primitive immunophenotype. However, the Ad5F35-GFP vector allowed efficient gene transfer into both dividing and nondividing CD34+ cells, whereas the Ad5-GFP vector preferentially allowed gene transfer into dividing cells expressing lower levels of CD34 antigen, which correlated with high levels of CAR expression. The sorted GFP+ cells following Ad5F35-GFP transduction at relatively low multiplicity of infection consistently reconstituted the NOD/SCID mouse bone marrow with multilineage differentiation. In contrast, the GFP+ cells following Ad5-GFP transduction were nearly devoid of reconstitution capacity. Thus, Ad5F35 vectors encoding functional genes can facilitate transient genetic manipulation of human NOD/SCID repopulating cells.
Women's Mental Health Services: A Public Health Perspective
Authors: Cynthia Breaux
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings: Book Notes1 September 1998Women's Mental Health Services: A Public Health PerspectiveCynthia Breaux, PhDCynthia Breaux, PhDRush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IllinoisAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-5-199809010-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Women's Mental Health Services: A Public Health Perspective; Levin BL, Blanch AK, Jennings A; eds. 448 pages. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 1998. $28.95. ISBN 076190509x. Order phone 805-499-0721.Field of medicine: Behavioral medicine.Format: Softcover book.Audience: An inclusive audience of policymakers and professionals in a variety of health settings.Purpose: To fill a gap in the behavioral health services literature by focusing on behavioral health issues pertinent to women and to draw attention to women who are making contributions to mental health services.Content: This opportune new book on women's mental health services is written from a multidisciplinary public ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1998Volume 129, Issue 5Page: 432KeywordsForecastingMedical servicesObstetrics and gynecologyPrevention, policy, and public healthPsychiatry and mental health Issue Published: 1 September 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Polyglutamine-Expanded Ataxin-7 Antagonizes CRX Function and Induces Cone-Rod Dystrophy in a Mouse Model of SCA7
Authors: Albert R. La Spada, Ying-Hui Fu, Bryce L. Sopher, Randell T. Libby, Xuejiao Wang, Lili Y. Li, David D. Einum, Jing Huang, Daniel E. Possin, Annette C. Smith, Refugio A. Martinez, Kari L. Koszdin, Piper M. Treuting, Carol B. Ware, James B. Hurley, Louis J. Ptáček, Shiming Chen
Journal: Neuron (2001)
S99 The anti-malarial drug and lysosomal inhibitor, chloroquine, increases cell surface expression of BMPR-II
Authors: B. J. Dunmore, L. Long, X. D. Yang, A. Crosby, N. W. Morrell
Journal: Thorax (2011)

Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR-II) is a member of the transforming growth factor ß (TGFß) receptor superfamily. Mutations in <i>BMPR2</i> are the major cause of familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Reduced BMPR-II expression is significantly reduced in both familial and idiopathic PAH patients. We have shown previously that BMPR-II expression is regulated via a lysosomal degradative pathway. The anti-malarial drug, chloroquine, blocks lysosomal degradation by raising lysosomal pH and impairs autophagic protein degradation. Using an experimental rat model of PAH we observed that chloroquine administration prevented an increase in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and vascular remodelling following monocrotaline (MCT) treatment. BMPR-II expression was significantly increased in lungs from chloroquine treated rats. Furthermore, in cellular localisation studies chloroquine increased BMPR-II cell surface expression. <h3>Methods</h3> Male Sprague-Dawley rats received a single subcutaneous injection of MCT to induce PAH. To assess prevention or inhibition of PAH progression, animals received chloroquine, or vehicle, by daily intraperitoneal injection from day 1 to 21 or day 21 to 31 post MCT injections, respectively. Rats were anaesthetised for haemodynamic assessment and lung tissue collected for immunohistochemistry and protein isolation. Muscularisation of small pulmonary arteries was assessed in lung tissue sections by staining with anti-smooth muscle actin. BMPR-II protein expression was determined in frozen lung tissue using western blotting. Cellular localisation of BMPR-II expression in a lung fibroblast cell line that stably expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged BMPR-II was determined using immunofluorescence and biotinylation of cell surface BMPR-II using NHS-Biotin-SS labelling and precipitation with avidin agarose beads. BMPR-II cell surface expression was then determined by GFP immunoblotting. <h3>Results</h3> Chloroquine prevented experimental PAH by significantly decreasing RVSP, RVH and muscularisation in MCT-treated rats. Treatment with chloroquine dramatically increased BMPR-II protein levels in the lung. Furthermore, chloroquine treatment inhibited MCT-induced PAH. This was associated with an increase in cell surface BMPR-II expression in a cell line that stably expresses the GFP-tagged receptor. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates the potential use of chloroquine as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of PAH by potentially increasing levels of BMPR-II at the cell surface.
Sir Ronald Ross
Authors: Don R. Lipsitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE chasm between the sciences and the humanities is accentuated by anxious attempts to unify the disciplines and to imbue the premedical student with a happy blend of liberal education in arts and sciences. And often a glance is cast longingly back to the days when the physician was also the scholar of the community. Blessed is the scientist who can now and again escape the islands of specialization and be part of the universal mainland, who can descend his ivory tower and count himself among humanity. Such a man was Ronald Ross, physician, scientist, poet, novelist, mathematician, musician, publicist . . .
Relationship between MAP duration and refractoriness after cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation: Results in wash‐out and amiodarone treated patients
Authors: C. Pandozi, L. Calo', A. Castro, F. Lamberti, M.L. Loricchio, A. Boggi, A. Chiera, S. Toscano, R. Ricci, M. Santini
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Comparison of Metoclopramide and Erythromycin in the Treatment of Diabetic Gastroparesis
Authors: Tomris Erbas, Erhan Varoglu, Belkis Erbas, Gungor Tastekin, Sema Akalin
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of erythromycin and metoclopramide on gastric emptying and symptoms of gastroparesis in diabetic patients with delayed gastric emptying. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study group consisted of 13 patients with symptoms of severe gastroparesis and delayed gastric emptying. Gastric emptying was evaluated using a radionuclide method, and gastrointestinal symptoms were scored. The patients were given either erythromycin (250 mg 3 times/day) or metoclopramide (10 mg 3 times/day) in random order for 3 wk, and after a washout period of 3 wk they were crossed-over to the other medication for another 3 wk. Parameters of gastric emptying were assessed before treatment and after both erythromycin and metoclopramide administration. RESULTS The half-time of gastric emptying in diabetic subjects was 110 (77–120) min before treatment. At 60 and 90 min, the median value of residual isotope activity was 66.5 (55–83.5) and 55% (43–74.3), respectively. The half-time decreased to 55 min (28.6–115) after 3 wk of treatment with erythromycin and percentages of meal retention in the stomach at 60 and 90 min were 49.9 (38.4–70) and 40.5% (29.7–60), respectively. After taking metoclopramide, the median value of half-time was 67 min (15–115) and percentages of meal retention at 60 and 90 min were 51 (34.5–93.9) and 42% (24–71.2), respectively. When compared with baseline values a significant difference in gastric emptying parameters was found after both erythromycin and metoclopramide. A significant improvement of the total score for gastrointestinal symptoms was observed with both drugs, but this improvement was more pronounced with erythromycin. CONCLUSIONS Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic and a motilin receptor agonist, appears to stimulate intestinal motility and seems to be an alternative agent for the treatment of gastroparesis caused by diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
TWO BIOMARKERS FOR THE SCREENING OF CARDIAC RISK AMONG RUNNERS?
Authors: Caroline Le Goff, Jean-François Kaux, Marianne Fillet, Pierre Melon, Etienne Cavalier
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a low molecular weight protein involved in the intracellular uptake and buffering of long chain fatty in the myocardium. Troponin T is a component of the contractile apparatus of the striated musculature. Both are early markers for acute coronary syndrome. Objective The aim of our study was to compare the results obtained with the H-FABP and the highly sensitive cardiac troponins (hsTnT) and to test their cardiospecificity in healthy runners. Design Prospective, cohort study. Setting Amateur marathon runners. Patients 23 runners (marathon) were enrolled. Interventions We drowned blood samples at three times: just before (T0), just after (T1), and three hours after the end of the race (T3). Main outcome measurements H-FABP and hs-TnT were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. A linear regression was calculated to observe if there is any correlation between the two biomarkers. Values above the 95th percentile for H-FABP (2.5 ng/mL) and the 99th percentile for hsTnT (14 ng/L) were considered as positive. Results At T0, none of the subjects were positive for hsTnT but 35% were positive for H-FABP; at T1, 83% for hsTnT and 100% for H-FABP; at T3, 83% for hsTnT and 96% for H-FABP. At T0, the regression equation was H-FABP T0=3.9454–0.1001×hsTnT T0; at T1: H-FABP T1=51.838–1.7026×hsTnT T1; at T3: H-FABP T3=47.977–1.6193×hsTnT T3. No correlation was observed between the 2 biomarkers. Conclusion We observed a significant increase of H-FABP and hsTnT in runners. These markers are independent to each other. These values could biologically correspond to a heart ischemia. These biomarkers could be helpful for the screening of cardiac risk among runners.
Biopharmaceutics of transmucosal peptide and protein drug administration: role of transport mechanisms with a focus on the involvement of PepT1
Authors: Vincent H.L Lee, Chun Chu, Erik Denny Mahlin, Sujit K Basu, David K Ann, Michael B Bolger, Ian S Haworth, Aaron K Yeung, Sharon K Wu, Sarah Hamm-Alvarez, Curtis T Okamoto
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1999)