tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tau, S-100 Calcium-Binding Protein B, and Neuron-Specific Enolase as Biomarkers of Concussion—Reply
Authors: Pashtun Shahim, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
The Scintigraphic Pattern of Acute Renal Vein Thrombosis
Authors: FRED A. METTLER, JAMES H. CHRISTIE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

The radiographic pattern of acute renal vein thrombosis is well known; however, the scintigraphic appearance has not been described. A scintigraphic pattern of delayed blood flow to a relatively large kidney and delayed accumulation of l-131-Hippuran should be considered suggestive of acute renal vein thrombosis in the appropriate clinical setting.
Textbook of Adolescent Medicine
Authors: Margaret McHugh
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The past 25 years have seen the rapid growth of adolescent medicine as a specialized area of medical education. Yet, when interested students, house officers, or practitioners would ask for the "one book to buy," they were given several books and monographs to address the spectrum of adolescent medicine concerns. With<i>Comprehensive Adolescent Health Care</i>, by Friedman et al (St Louis, Mo, Quality Medical Publishing Inc, 1992, reviewed in<i>JAMA</i>May 26,1993) or<i>Textbook of Adolescent Medicine</i>, edited by McAnarney, Kreipe, Orr, and Comerci, they may now have that book. In the book under review, the editors have brought together nationally recognized authorities in adolescent health care to produce a meld of clinical and research approaches to adolescent development and the conditions commonly seen during adolescence. Throughout the textbook, there is a strong emphasis on the normality of adolescence, a welcome change from pictures of it as the age of
Expression of two "immediate early" genes, Egr-1 and c-fos, in response to renal ischemia and during compensatory renal hypertrophy in mice.
Authors: A J Ouellette, R A Malt, V P Sukhatme, J V Bonventre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

To identify specific genetic regulatory mechanisms associated with renal ischemia, we measured the accumulation of Egr-1 and c-fos mRNAs in the mouse kidney after occlusion of the renal artery and reperfusion. At 1 h after right nephrectomy and arterial occlusion of the contralateral kidney for 10 or 30 min, Egr-1 mRNA levels were three to five times greater in these kidneys as compared with those in control animals that had sustained unilateral nephrectomy alone and were much greater than levels in the normal organ. Whether ischemia was imposed for 10 or for 30 min, renal Egr-1 mRNA contents were equivalent and remained elevated after 24 h of reperfusion subsequent to 30 min of ischemia. Although c-fos mRNA also accumulated in response to ischemia and reperfusion, the pattern differed from that of Egr-1 in that c-fos mRNA content varied with the duration of ischemia and was undetectable 24 h after injury. Contralateral nephrectomy was not necessary to see the marked accumulation of Egr-1 and c-fos mRNAs with unilateral ischemia. Reflow was necessary, however, since only minimal sequence accumulation occurred by the end of the ischemic period. After left uninephrectomy alone, Egr-1 mRNA levels in the remaining kidney were maximal 30 min after surgery, but were not detectable thereafter; c-fos mRNA levels did not change after unilateral nephrectomy. Differential expression of early growth-related genes implicated in transcriptional activation may influence tissue recovery after renal ischemia.
Effect of maximal respiratory manoeuvres on bronchial sensitivity of asthmatic patients as compared to normal people.
Authors: J Orehek, P Gayrard, C Grimaud, J Charpin
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Cumulative dose-response curves to carbachol given by aerosol were established using plethysmographic measurements of specific airways resistance (SRaw) in 10 patients with asthma and five healthy subjects. Two experiments were performed--a control test and one in which maximal respiratory manoeuvres (MRM) (two maximal inspirations and two maximal expirations) were made before each carbachol inhalation. MRM did not modify the dose-response curves in the normal subjects. In the patients these manoeuvres enhanced the bronchoconstrictor effect of carbachol: curves were shifted to the left and the mean dose of carbachol producing a twofold increase in initial SRaw was decreased from 0.373 mg to 0.189 mg (P less than 0.001). Bronchial provocation tests using methods which require MRM--for example, forced expiratory volume at one second--could overestimate the bronchial sensitivity of patients with asthma.
Hypersensitivity of Gi protein mediated muscarinic receptor adenylyl cyclase in chronic ischaemic heart failure in the rat
Authors: L.-X. Fu, Q.-P. Feng, Q.-M. Liang, X.-Y. Sun, T. Hedner, J. Hoebeke, A. Hjalmarson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: The aim was to study the Gi protein mediated muscarinic signalling system in the myocardium of rats with chronic ischaemic heart failure. Methods: Chronic ischaemic heart failure was induced by myocardial ischaemia (four weeks after coronary artery ligation) in rats. The densities and agonist affinities of muscarinic receptors, and the functional activity and concentration of Gi proteins were studied. Results: In failing hearts, the activity of adenylyl cyclase stimulated by guanyliminodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) was decreased by 46%. Stimulated activities of adenylyl cyclase by both sodium fluoride and forskolin, however, remained unchanged. Carbachol depressed forskolin stimulated adenylyl cyclase more in membranes from failing hearts than those from normal hearts. The functional level of Gs protein as measured by a reconstitution assay in sarcolemmal membrane did not differ between the two groups. Furthermore, muscarinic receptors exhibited superhigh and low affinities for agonist in failing hearts whereas those in control hearts displayed only high and low affinities. No significant difference in the peptide equivalent amount of membrane bound Gi protein was found in either group. Conclusions: The experimental chronic failing heart due to myocardial ischaemia showed a depressed myocardial adenylyl cyclase signalling system. This may be due to the hypersensitivity of the Gi protein mediated muscarinic receptor-adenylyl cyclase system as shown by the increased inhibition of Gpp(NH)p mediated adenylyl cyclase, more potent inhibition of stimulated adenylyl cyclase by carbachol, and the superhigh afinity of the muscarinic receptors for carbachol. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:2065-2070
79. Systemic Administration of Lentiviral Vectors Triggers Innate Host Responses
Authors: Brian D. Brown, Ehud Hauben, Giovanni Sitia, Anna Zingale, Lucia Sergi Sergi, Lucca Guidotti, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Luigi Naldini
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The initial interaction with host tissues of systemically administered viral vectors is a critical event for stable gene transfer. It is now well established that injection of adenoviral vectors leads to an inflammatory response, mediated by elevations in IL-6 and TNF|[alpha]|. This response triggers the adaptive immune response, and leads to anti-vector and transgene immunity.
Some Observations on DISEASES OF THE MYOCARDIUM
Authors: R. O. Moon
Journal: BMJ (1929)

|THE lecture which I have the honour of delivering this lafternoon w's founded by Lady St. Cyrcs.It -as her intention that the subject of the lecture should be definitely 1connected with the imiyocardium, so I have decided to give 'you some account of the way in which the muscle of the Ileart becomes diseased, what are the manifestations of the morbid condition, anld what may be the outlook, together ,with some suggestions'as to treatment.SOME HISTORICAL CONSIDERATIONS.It must always s6em a strange tliing that the ancients ahould have been under the impression that of all the organs of the body the heart alone could niot be diseased; and indeed remarkably little was known about the lheart anid the circulation generally until tile publication of Aarvey's great discovery in 1628, Even after that very 'little was known or written about diseases of the heart for more than a century.Until the discovery of percussion and auscultation by Auenbrugger and Laennec respectively there was almost comiiplete ignorance of valvular disease, but after that so much attention was focused upon the lesions of the different valves that the importance of thle myocardiulml was sonmewhat neglected.With the ad-ent of the modern cardiology, however, this lhas all been changed, and for the last thirty years attention lhas been closely direfted to the study of the myocardium.As far back as 1534, prior to tlhe advent of Vesalius, Nicholas Massa of Venice had observed liypertrophy of the heart muscle, but it was not till more than a century later that Morgagni (1682-1777) called attention to chronic mvo- carditis, which 11e regarded in some respects as a degenera- tion of the heart muscle.Corvisart, in his well-known book' utipon the heart, lays considerable stress upon the importance of the myocardium; it is, he said, the muscular substance of the heart wbhich most essenltially constitutes the central organ of the circulation.He described the gross clhanges in the size and shape of the variouis chambers ,for example, dilatation and hypertrophy.He was of opinion that a change of form or length of the fibres of the myocardiuim was visible proof of its disordered action, but apparently he did not realize that, though the myocardium blight be fatally weak, it yet might presenit to the naked tve nio change in the general form, nior did lhe lay muauch stress uwiu inflammatory or degenerativ-e coniditions of the Inyocardlilum, tlhough he seems to hav-e been the first to make ;ise of the term " carditis."The pupil of Corrisart, the faimouis Laoennec, whlo first tntrodured au-scultation in 1819, spoke of the condition of hhe 5nlv.cardnirum as " the key to cardiac pathology."Strangc!v enoough Allan Burns (1809), whlio li-ed aboout the *ame tirne, con,sidered dis.ease of the my-ocardium to be less $requeu+ than that of the valves.Later oni, in 1834, the great irish g
CHOLESTREOL SYNTHESIS IN ICHTHYOSIS VULGARIS
Authors: R. SUMMERLY and, H. J. YARDLEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1967)

Journal Article CHOLESTREOL SYNTHESIS IN ICHTHYOSIS VULGARIS Get access R. SUMMERLY And, R. SUMMERLY And Medical Research Council, Unit for Research on the Experimental Pathology of the Skin, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, 15 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. J. YARDLEY H. J. YARDLEY Medical Research Council, Unit for Research on the Experimental Pathology of the Skin, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, 15 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 79, Issue 7, 1 July 1967, Pages 378–385, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1967.tb11515.x Published: 01 July 1967
Attenuation of Angiotensin II- and III-induced Aldosterone Release by Prostaglandin Synthesis Inhibitors
Authors: William B. Campbell, Celso E. Gomez-Sanchez, Beverley V. Adams, James M. Schmitz, Harold D. Itskovitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

The effect of two prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, indomethacin and meclofenamate, on angiotensin II (AII)- and III (AIII)-induced aldosterone release was studied in normal and sodium-depleted conscious rats and in adrenal capsular cell suspensions obtained from normal rats. In normal rats, in vivo AII and AIII were equipotent in causing dose-related increases in serum aldosterone concentrations. Indomethacin decreased the basal serum aldosterone levels by 50% and serum renin levels by 43%. In addition, the steroidogenic effects of AII and AIII were reduced by 45 and 63% with 3 mg/kg of indomethacin and 63 and 73% with 10 mg/kg, respectively. In contrast, meclofenamate failed to alter basal serum levels of aldosterone or AII-stimulated aldosterone release but inhibited serum renin levels by 27% and the aldosterone-stimulating effect of AIII by 99%. Indomethacin (3 mg/kg) and meclofenamate (2 mg/kg) inhibited urinary prostaglandin (PG)E2 and PGF2α excretion by 63 and 52% and 37 and 31%, respectively. Both inhibitors significantly decreased the adrenal capsular PGE2 and PGF2α content and the conversion of [14C]arachidonate to [14C]PGE2 and [14C]PGF2α. In sodium-depleted rats, indomethacin produced similar effects reducing the control serum aldosterone levels by 29%, AII-stimulated aldosterone by 47%, and completely suppressing the aldosterone response to AIII without altering serum renin activity. In adrenal cell suspensions, similar results were observed with indomethacin inhibiting basal and AII- and AIII-stimulated aldosterone release by 29, 81, and 93%, respectively. Meclofenamate failed to alter basal and AII-stimulated aldosterone release but inhibited that stimulated by AIII by 86%. The present findings suggest that prostaglandins modulate the effects of the renin-angiotensin system by stimulating the release of renin from the kidney and augmenting the steroidogenic effects of AII and AIII in the adrenal cortex.
Quantitative analysis of contraction band and coagulation necrosis after ischemia and reperfusion in the porcine heart.
Authors: S Miyazaki, H Fujiwara, T Onodera, Y Kihara, M Matsuda, D J Wu, Y Nakamura, T Kumada, S Sasayama, C Kawai
Journal: Circulation (1987)

To assess the importance of contraction band necrosis (CBN) in reperfusion, CBN, coagulation necrosis (CN), and infarct size, expressed as CBN + CN, were quantitatively analyzed in 25 porcine hearts without collateral circulation. The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 20, 30, 60, and 120 min and then reperfused for 8 hr (groups 1 to 4, respectively). Five hearts were not reperfused (group 5). The areas of CBN and CN were traced at a magnification of X 100 under an inverted microscope and quantified with use of an image analyzer. There was no change in hemodynamics with either occlusion or reperfusion. Regional myocardial blood flow, measured by the generated hydrogen gas clearance method, decreased to almost zero after occlusion but recovered during reperfusion. Percent of risk area infarcted in groups 1 to 4 was 0 +/- 0%, 11 +/- 7%, 80 +/- 9%, and 96 +/- 2%, respectively, and the percent of risk area infarcted in group 4 was the same as that in hearts subjected to permanent occlusion (95 +/- 3%). The percent area of CBN was 100 +/- 0% in group 2, 68 +/- 11% in group 3, 2 +/- 1% in group 4, and 2 +/- 2% in group 5. In group 3, the inner third of the ischemic left ventricular wall showed CN and the middle and outer third CBN. These findings show that in pig hearts without collateral circulation, the transmural infarct, two-thirds of which is occupied by CBN, is evident even when reperfusion is achieved after 1 hr occlusion. Therefore, protection against CBN might reduce infarct size after reperfusion.
Triheptanoin for Glucose Transporter Type I Deficiency (G1D)
Authors: Juan M. Pascual, Peiying Liu, Deng Mao, Dorothy I. Kelly, Ana Hernandez, Min Sheng, Levi B. Good, Qian Ma, Isaac Marin-Valencia, Xuchen Zhang, Jason Y. Park, Linda S. Hynan, Peter Stavinoha, Charles R. Roe, Hanzhang Lu
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Disorders of brain metabolism are multiform in their mechanisms and manifestations, many of which remain insufficiently understood and are thus similarly treated. Glucose transporter type I deficiency (G1D) is commonly associated with seizures and with electrographic spike-waves. The G1D syndrome has long been attributed to energy (ie, adenosine triphosphate synthetic) failure such as that consequent to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediate depletion. Indeed, glucose and other substrates generate TCAs via anaplerosis. However, TCAs are preserved in murine G1D, rendering energy-failure inferences premature and suggesting a different hypothesis, also grounded on our work, that consumption of alternate TCA precursors is stimulated and may be detrimental. Second, common ketogenic diets lead to a therapeutically counterintuitive reduction in blood glucose available to the G1D brain and prove ineffective in one-third of patients.To identify the most helpful outcomes for treatment evaluation and to uphold (rather than diminish) blood glucose concentration and stimulate the TCA cycle, including anaplerosis, in G1D using the medium-chain, food-grade triglyceride triheptanoin.Unsponsored, open-label cases series conducted in an academic setting. Fourteen children and adults with G1D who were not receiving a ketogenic diet were selected on a first-come, first-enrolled basis.Supplementation of the regular diet with food-grade triheptanoin.First, we show that, regardless of electroencephalographic spike-waves, most seizures are rarely visible, such that perceptions by patients or others are inadequate for treatment evaluation. Thus, we used quantitative electroencephalographic, neuropsychological, blood analytical, and magnetic resonance imaging cerebral metabolic rate measurements.One participant (7%) did not manifest spike-waves; however, spike-waves promptly decreased by 70% (P = .001) in the other participants after consumption of triheptanoin. In addition, the neuropsychological performance and cerebral metabolic rate increased in most patients. Eleven patients (78%) had no adverse effects after prolonged use of triheptanoin. Three patients (21%) experienced gastrointestinal symptoms, and 1 (7%) discontinued the use of triheptanoin.Triheptanoin can favorably influence cardinal aspects of neural function in G1D. In addition, our outcome measures constitute an important framework for the evaluation of therapies for encephalopathies associated with impaired intermediary metabolism.
Retinol‐binding protein 4: A new marker of virus‐induced steatosis in patients infected with hepatitis c virus genotype 1
Authors: Salvatore Petta, Calogero Cammà, Vito Di Marco, Nicola Alessi, Francesco Barbaria, Daniela Cabibi, Rosalia Caldarella, Stefania Ciminnisi, Anna Licata, Maria Fatima Massenti, Alessandra Mazzola, Giuseppe Tarantino, Giulio Marchesini, Antonio Craxì
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipocytokine associated with insulin resistance (IR). We tested serum levels of RBP4 to assess its link with steatosis in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Nondiabetic patients with CHC (n = 143) or NAFLD (n = 37) were evaluated by liver biopsy and anthropometric and metabolic measurements, including IR by the homeostasis model assessment. Biopsies were scored by Scheuer classification for CHC, and Kleiner for NAFLD. Steatosis was tested as a continuous variable and graded as absent-mild <30%, or moderate-severe ≥30%. Thirty nondiabetic, nonobese blood donors served as controls. RBP4 levels were measured by a human competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (AdipoGen). Mean values of RBP4 were similar in NAFLD and CHC (35.3 ± 9.3 μg/L versus 36.8 ± 17.6; P = 0.47, respectively), and both were significantly higher than in controls (28.9 ± 12.1; P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively). RBP4 was higher in CHC patients with steatosis than in NAFLD (42.1 ± 19.7 versus 35.2 ± 9.3; P = 0.04). By linear regression, RBP4 was independently linked to steatosis only (P = 0.008) in CHC, and to elevated body mass index (P = 0.01) and low grading (P = 0.04) in NAFLD. By linear regression, steatosis was independently linked to homeostasis model assessment score (P = 0.03) and high RBP4 (P = 0.003) in CHC. By logistic regression, RBP4 was the only variable independently associated with moderate-severe steatosis in CHC (odds ratio, 1.045; 95% confidence interval, 1.020 to 1.070; P = 0.0004), whereas waist circumference was associated with moderate-severe steatosis in NAFLD (odds ratio, 1.095; 95% confidence interval, 1.007 to 1.192; P = 0.03). Conclusion: In nondiabetic, nonobese patients with genotype 1 CHC, serum RBP4 levels might be the expression of a virus-linked pathway to steatosis, largely unrelated to IR. (HEPATOLOGY 2008.)
Use of Tc-99 MIBI SPECT for Characterization of Metastatic Brain Tumors: Implications for Surgery
Authors: Nobusada Shinoura, Ryozi Yamada, Masamichi Takahashi, Osamu Nakamura
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

The Tc-99m MIBI uptake index of 27 metastatic brain tumors was assessed by setting ROIs over the tumor and contralateral normal brain areas. The mean Tc-99m MIBI uptake index among the 27 tumors was very high (28.3 ± 23.8) with wide variability in individual measurements (range, 3.3–85). In one case, use of these high uptake values helped delineate metastatic brain tumors, which were otherwise difficult to detect by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). By contrast, there was no uptake of Tc-99m MIBI in another case in which the metastatic lesions were characterized by MRI. However, this lesion remained stable over a period of 18 months, indicating that it was primarily composed of necrotic tissue. In conclusion, high Tc-99m MIBI uptake in suspected metastatic brain tumors appears to be a good indication of the need for surgical management.
Pancreatic angiography is still valuable preoperatively in insulinoma
Authors: D M Nichols, J R C Logie, P Zentler-Munro
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—The Lesson of the Week by R Perros and colleagues underlines the importance of establishing a firm preoperative–indeed, a pre-imaging–clinical diagnosis in cases of suspected insulinoma.1 Since the equivocal findings on pancreatic imaging were a factor in this case, we think it important to emphasise that pancreatic angiography is still a valuable preoperative …
Hyperthyroidism and acute bronchial asthma.
Authors: W J Fitzpatrick, P S Foreman, E J Porter, A G Beckett
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Asthma may be very mild, at times hard to diagnose; beta blockade should be used only with great caution. An asthmatic who becomes thyrotoxic should be closely monitored for deterioration of the asthma.
DIPHTHERIA OF THE NOSE.
Authors: W. SCHEPPEGRELL
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Diphtheria of the nose will be here considered as a primary disease, and distinguished from the more common variety in which the diphtheritic inflammation of the nasal passages is secondary to diphtheria of the throat, or even from that form which is sometimes found in epidemics, in which the diphtheritic process originates in the mucous membrane of the nose, but soon appears in its usual form in the throat. In its characteristics, diphtheria of the nose differs widely from diphtheria of the throat. The constitutional disturbances are frequently so mild that they attract little attention on the part of the patient, and in the majority of cases, the physician is appealed to only on account of the continued obstruction of the nostrils or the attending epistaxes. Renal and neurotic disturbances are rare, and paralysis of the velum palati, so frequently found in ordinary diphtheria, is not referred to in the