tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MAGNAMOSIS IV: magnetic compression anastomosis for minimally invasive colorectal surgery
Authors: J. Wall, M. Diana, J. Leroy, V. DeRuijter, K. Gonzales, V. Lindner, M. Harrison, J. Marescaux
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> MAGNAMOSIS forms a compression anastomosis using self-assembling magnetic rings that can be delivered via flexible endoscopy. The system has proven to be effective in full-thickness porcine small-bowel anastomoses. The aim of this study was to show the feasibility of the MAGNAMOSIS system in hybrid endoscopic colorectal surgery and to compare magnetic and conventional stapled anastomoses. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 16 swine weighing 35 – 50 kg were used following animal ethical committee approval. The first animal was an acute model to establish the feasibility of the procedure. The subsequent 15 animals were survival models, 10 of which underwent side-to-side anastomoses (SSA) and 5 of which underwent end-to-side (ESA) procedures. Time to patency, surveillance endoscopy, burst pressure, compression force, and histology were assessed. Histology was compared with conventional stapled anastomoses. Magnetic compression forces were measured in various anastomosis configurations. <b>Results:</b> Colorectal anastomoses were performed in all cases using a hybrid NOTES technique. The mean operating time was 71 minutes. Mean time to completion of the anastomosis was similar between the SSA and ESA groups. Burst pressure at 10 days was greater than 95 mmHg in both groups. One complication occurred in the ESA group. Compression force among various configurations of the magnetic rings was significantly different (P < 0.05). Inflammation and fibrosis were similar between magnetic SSA and conventional stapled anastomoses. <b>Conclusion:</b> MAGNAMOSIS was feasible in performing a hybrid NOTES colorectal anastomosis. It has the advantage over circular staplers of precise endoscopic delivery throughout the entire colon. SSA was reliable and effective. A minimum initial compression force of 4 N appears to be required for reliable magnetic anastomoses.
The clinical effectiveness of reflectance optical spectroscopy for the in vivo diagnosis of oral lesions
Authors: Diana V Messadi, Fariba S Younai, Hong-Hu Liu, Gao Guo, Cun-Yu Wang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2014)

Optical spectroscopy devices are being developed and tested for the screening and diagnosis of oral precancer and cancer lesions. This study reports a device that uses white light for detection of suspicious lesions and green–amber light at 545 nm that detect tissue vascularity on patients with several suspicious oral lesions. The clinical grading of vascularity was compared to the histological grading of the biopsied lesions using specific biomarkers. Such a device, in the hands of dentists and other health professionals, could greatly increase the number of oral cancerous lesions detected in early phase. The purpose of this study is to correlate the clinical grading of tissue vascularity in several oral suspicious lesions using the Identafi® system with the histological grading of the biopsied lesions using specific vascular markers. Twenty-one patients with various oral lesions were enrolled in the study. The lesions were visualized using Identafi® device with white light illumination, followed by visualization of tissue autofluorescence and tissue reflectance. Tissue biopsied was obtained from the all lesions and both histopathological and immunohistochemical studies using a vascular endothelial biomarker (CD34) were performed on these tissue samples. The clinical vascular grading using the green–amber light at 545 nm and the expression pattern and intensity of staining for CD34 in the different biopsies varied depending on lesions, grading ranged from 1 to 3. The increase in vascularity was observed in abnormal tissues when compared to normal mucosa, but this increase was not limited to carcinoma only as hyperkeratosis and other oral diseases, such as lichen planus, also showed increase in vascularity. Optical spectroscopy is a promising technology for the detection of oral mucosal abnormalities; however, further investigations with a larger population group is required to evaluate the usefulness of these devices in differentiating benign lesions from potentially malignant lesions. A screening tool that uses multispectral light can help clinicians and dentists discriminate between oral cancer and other mouth diseases. The Identafi device uses three different types of light to diagnose abnormalities in the oral mucosa. Standard examinations of mouth lesions can be made with white light; violet light reveals tissue fluorescence and amber-green light can then reveal differences in blood supply between healthy and diseased tissues. Diana Messadi and her colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, USA, tested the device in 21 people with various oral lesions. The researchers also took tissue biopsies and measured levels of CD34, a marker for endothelial cells. They showed the reflectance of green-amber light correlated with the degree of cellular abnormality. This pilot study supports the use of Identafi for detecting cancerous and precancerous oral lesions.
Successful Treatment of Amiodarone-Induced Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Faizel Osman, Jayne A. Franklyn, Michael C. Sheppard, Michael D. Gammage
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) is a difficult management problem about which there are little published data. We examined whether continuing amiodarone or differentiating AIT into 2 subtypes affected outcome.The type and duration of antithyroid treatment and response were recorded in a consecutive series of 28 cases. Comparisons were made between those in whom amiodarone either was continued or stopped and between those with either possible type 1 or type 2 AIT. Of the 28 cases, 5 had spontaneous resolution of AIT; 23 received carbimazole (CBZ) alone as first-line therapy. Eleven achieved long-term euthyroidism off CBZ or on a maintenance dose. Five became hypothyroid and required long-term thyroxine. Five relapsed after stopping CBZ treatment and were rendered euthyroid with either long-term CBZ (n=3) or radioiodine (n=2). Four were intolerant of CBZ and received propylthiouracil (PTU), with good effect in 3. One was resistant to thionamide alone (CBZ then PTU) and responded to adjunctive steroids. No difference in presentation or outcome was noted between those in whom amiodarone was continued or stopped or between possible type 1 or type 2 AIT.Continuing amiodarone has no adverse influence on response to treatment of AIT. First-line therapy with a thionamide alone is appropriate in iodine-replete areas, thus avoiding potential complications of other drugs. Differentiating between 2 possible types of AIT does not influence management or outcome.
Erythropoietic uroporphyria of Gunther first presenting at 58 years with positive family studies.
Authors: R W Pain, F W Welch, A J Woodroffe, D A Handley, W H Lockwood
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Erythropoietic uroporphyria of Gunther was seen in a 58-year-old man who presented with photosensitivity, haemolytic anaemia, and classical laboratory findings. Family studies showed five asymptomatic relatives with erythrocyte uroporphyrin concentrations in the probable latent heterozygote range.
Education Level and Clustering of Clinical Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Tibor Hídvégi, Katalin Hetyési, Lajos Bíró, Gyórgy Jermendy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

An association between low education level and an increased risk of metabolic syndrome was recently reported among middle-aged women from Sweden (1). Because the statistics of cardiovascular mortality in Hungary—in sharp contrast to other countries (2)—are discouraging (3), and because metabolic syndrome can contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis (4), it is considered worthwhile to screen subjects to detect early signs of metabolic syndrome in our country. We performed a mass screening to evaluate the clinical features of metabolic syndrome in northwest Hungary (5), and the cohort proved to be large enough to allow subgroup analysis to assess the relationship between education level and clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome.

Originally, the aim of the screening procedure was to identify subjects with hyperinsulinemia (serum fasting insulin >15 μU/ml and/or postchallenge insulin >45 μU/ml at 120 min after 75 g glucose) because hyperinsulinemia is one of the characteristic features of metabolic syndrome and can contribute to accelerated cardiovascular …
Meralgia Paresthetica From a Wallet
Authors: Dale Orton
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  Dr J. R. Boyce's 1 informative letter, Meralgia Paresthetica and Tight Trousers, recalled to mind similar symptoms I recently experienced. Having grown up near the inner city, I soon learned that if a wallet was carried, it was safer in the front than in the rear pants pocket. This compromise, coupled with a chronically thin wallet, caused no problems until after completion of medical school and postgraduate education. As credit cards and membership cards proliferated, I noticed an aching, burning sensation along the left anterolateral thigh on the side of the wallet. It also was worse while driving any distance. This continued for months. Thinning the wallet of superfluous papers and even buying a thinner wallet didn't help. However, after switching the wallet to the back pocket (after all, what's worth more, your money or your health?), the symptoms abated. Apparently once the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve
Noncoronary Disease Simulating Myocardial Ischemia or Infarction
Authors: H. J. L. Marriott, M. M. Menendez
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Misinterpretation of the electrocardiogram can do our patients considerable harm when the changes result from benign physiologic stimuli<sup>1</sup>or represent merely unrecognized normal variants.<sup>2</sup>In another common situation, but one that is potentially much less serious, the misleading ECG pattern suggesting coronary disease results from pathologic changes that are noncardiac or at least noncoronary. In these circumstances disease is at least present even though of mistaken identity. The main danger to the patient in this event is that the pronouncement of ischemic heart disease, in mistake for another disease which may be curable or at least more reversible than coronary involvement, may prematurely end the diagnostic search. Numerous reversible noncardiac syndromes such as allergic reactions, vitamin deficiencies, anemia, hemorrhage, shock, lead poisoning, endocrine disorders, heat stroke, intracranial disease of both organic and psychic origin, infections, acute glomerulonephritis, electrolyte disturbances, abdominal disorders, and acute cor pulmonale can produce nonspecific
Photosensitivity in the elderly
Authors: J. L. M. HAWK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Photosensitivity in the elderly Get access J. L. M. HAWK J. L. M. HAWK St Thomas's Hospital, London, U.K. Dr J. L. M. Hawk, Photobiology Unit, St Thomas's Hospital, London SEi 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue s35, 1 April 1990, Pages 29–41, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb16122.x Published: 01 April 1990
The Hallucinatory Effect of Pentazocine (Talwin)
Authors: Norman De Nosaquo
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The Food and Drug Administration approved the use of pentazocine (Talwin) in July 1967. The first report of an adverse reaction induced by this drug was received by the American Medical Association Registry on Adverse Reactions in August 1967. Since then, 20 reports have been received. Seven (35%) of these reports cited the hallucinatory effect associated with the use of pentazocine, while the others reported symptoms that included drowsiness, dizziness, inability to think, vertigo, vomiting, euphoria, incoordination exhaustion, extrapyramidal effects, confusion, rhinorrhea, hives, nausea, muscular tremor, and tightness of the chest. In the labeling of pentazocine the manufacturer has pointed out that the drug also has been associated with these adverse effects: nausea, vertigo, dizziness or lightheadedness, vomiting, euphoria, hallucinations, disorientation, weakness, muscle tremor, insomnia, and allergic reactions including edema of the face.  This communication concerns the seven individuals who experienced the hallucinatory effect associated with the use of pentazocine.
Role of prostaglandins in proximal tubule sodium reabsorption: response to elevated renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure.
Authors: Y Kinoshita, F G Knox
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Previous studies have shown that the elevation of renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure by the direct expansion of renal interstitial volume increases urinary sodium excretion. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether proximal tubules respond to the elevated renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure and whether the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis would alter the effect of elevated renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure on proximal sodium reabsorption. Expansion of renal interstitial volume by injecting 100 microliters of 2.5% albumin solution through a chronically implanted matrix increased renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure similarly in control rats (n = 8) and in indomethacin (n = 8) or meclofenamate-treated (n = 7) rats. In the absence of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition, renal interstitial volume expansion significantly increased the fractional delivery of sodium at the superficial late proximal tubules from 56.5 +/- 6.1 to 67.0 +/- 6.5% (p less than 0.01) with an accompanying increase in fractional excretion of sodium from 2.1 +/- 0.5 to 3.0 +/- 0.4% (p less than 0.01). In the presence of indomethacin or meclofenamate, renal interstitial volume expansion failed to augment the fractional delivery of sodium and the fractional excretion of sodium. In summary, these studies demonstrate that the synthesis of prostaglandins plays a role in the regulation of sodium reabsorption by the proximal tubules in response to elevated renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure.
Urine Temperature and Core Temperature
Authors: Joel R. L. Ehrenkranz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent article on hypothermia in the elderly, Keilson et al<sup>1</sup>describe a method for measuring body temperature from the temperature of freshly voided urine. After finding a poor correlation with oral temperature, they conclude that "urine temperature does not measure core temperature values." This conclusion does not appear justified on the basis of the data provided, and perhaps the authors should have considered that the method they used to measure urinary temperature does not accurately measure the temperature of freshly voided urine. I have employed a newly developed urinary thermometer for ongoing clinical studies on temperature regulation and initially performed a number of experiments to validate the accuracy of this instrument.<sup>2</sup>This thermometer registers peak urinary temperature within 45 s of immersion with a minimum volume of 20 mL of urine. In contrast to Keilson and co-workers' studies, the correlation of this thermometer
Abstract 4968: Modes of co-factor recruitment by an oncogenic fusion protein
Authors: Raphaela Schwentner, Maximilian O. Kauer, Sven Bilke, Gunhild Jug, Robert L. Walker, Paul S. Meltzer, Heinrich Kovar
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Ewing's sarcoma (ESFT) is a highly aggressive pediatric cancer of the bone and characterized by the chimeric ETS transcription factor EWS-FLI1 as a result of a chromosomal translocation. By whole genome gene expression and ChIP-seq analyses we obtained evidence that EWS-FLI1 directly regulates E2F target genes and possibly cooperates with E2F transcription factors. Furthermore, several E2F factors were themselves inferred to be direct targets of EWS-FLI1. To unravel the hierarchical structure of this EWS-FLI1 transcriptional network module we performed luciferase reporter gene assays in combination with DNA motif mutation analyses. The promoter regions of nine candidates for direct target genes of EWS-FLI1 and E2F factors were chosen for in-depth analysis. Corroborating the transcriptomic data, promoter activity of all 9 genes showed reduced levels upon knockdown of EWS-FLI1. The strongest modulatory effect of EWS-FLI1 silencing was observed for the E2F3 promoter, and mutation of a single ETS binding site lead to a comparable reduction of luciferase activity as knockdown of EWS-FLI1. These results validate E2F3 as a directly EWS-FLI1 regulated gene in Ewing's sarcoma. For the other EWS-FLI1 target candidates mutation analysis lead to more complex results. In the RAD51 promoter simultaneous mutation of two ETS binding sites was necessary to obtain a significant reduction of luciferase activity. Furthermore, mutation of a single E2F binding site abolished the effect of EWS-FLI1 knockdown. In promoters of two other candidates, GEMIN4 and ATAD2, mutation of the ETS site resulted in only a moderate reduction of reporter activity, and additional destruction of an E2F binding site was required to achieve a significant decrease in promoter activity. Our results imply that EWS-FLI1 uses several modes of interaction with E2F factors to control common target genes. First, EWS-FLI1 directly activates E2F3 and other E2F factors which, in turn, co-operate with EWS-FLi1 on target gene promoters in a feed-forward loop. Second, results for the RAD51 promoter are compatible with a mechanism where a repressive E2F factor is exchanged for an activating E2F factor via binding of EWS-FLI1. Finally, EWS-FLI1 might have a more indirect role in the regulation of ATAD2 and GEMIN4 where most of the transcriptional effect seems to be exerted by E2F factors. Acknowledgement: This study was funded by the 6th framework program of the European Commission, (“E.E.T. Pipeline” contract LSHC-CT-2006-037260) and by the Austrian genome research program “GEN-AU Ch.I.L.D.“ (GZ 200.136/1 - VI/1/2005). R. Schwentner is a recipient of a DOC-fFORTE-fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4968.
Abstract 3751: Expression analysis of the IL28A, IL28B, IL29 and IL28L genes in primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and hepatocytes: Effects of activation mode, time-course and genotypes
Authors: Brian Muchmore, Heiyoung Park, Harold Dickensheets, Thomas O'Brien, Barbara Rehermann, Raymond Donnelly, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Expression analysis of the IL28A, IL28B, IL29 and IL28L genes in primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and hepatocytes: Effects of activation mode, time-course and genotypes. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the leading cause of liver cancer and liver transplantation in the United States. Recently, several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified genetic variants within the IL28A/B locus on chromosome 19q13.2 as the strongest predictors of outcome of HCV infection and response to treatment (e.g. rs12980275, p=2.84×10-27, OR=17.7; 95% CI=10.0-31.3, Tanaka, Nat. Gen. 2009). This region harbors the highly homologous IL29, IL28A, IL28B genes and a pseudogene IL28-like (IL28L), also known as interferon-lambda-1, interferon-lambda-2, interferon-lambda-3 and interferon-lambda-4-pseudo, respectively. We hypothesized that the associated genetic variants might affect mRNA expression of one or more of these genes. We performed mRNA expression analysis of IL28A, IL28B, IL29 and IL28L in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and primary hepatocytes using highly specific custom-designed assays to overcome the up to 97% sequence homology between these genes. In PBMCs and hepatocytes, mRNA transcripts were not expressed under baseline conditions, but activation of these cells with IFN-alpha or IFN-lambda did moderately induce expression of some transcripts after 24 hours of activation. However, when IL28A, IL28B, IL29 and IL28L were activated with the immunostimulant poly I:C, a Toll-like receptor-3 agonist that mimics infection by RNA viruses, expression of all transcripts was strongly increased. Gene expression was measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours and was compared to the 2-hour point, at which expression was first stably seen. We observed a suggestive association between time-specific activation of all transcripts and genetic variants correlated with HCV infection and treatment outcome. In hepatocytes, mRNA levels of all transcripts were increased in carriers of risk alleles associated with poor treatment outcome at 24 hours compared to 2 hours (60-fold for IL28A, 85-fold for IL28B, 222-fold for IL29 and 5-fold for IL28L) suggesting that under certain circumstances increased baseline interferon production in carriers of risk variants could be deleterious. The clinical relevance of our in vitro findings should be validated by similar studies in primary liver and blood samples derived from HCV-infected individuals. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3751. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3751
Warning: Genome-wide association studies can be misleading. An example in hepatology
Authors: Pierre Galichon, Alexandre Hertig, Eric Rondeau, Laurent Mesnard
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

We read with interest the article by Clifford and colleagues in HEPATOLOGY.1 This well-designed study identified genetic factors associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or liver cirrhosis (LC). Their analysis isolated a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for the TPTE2 gene, a PTEN (phosphatase and tensin) homolog encoded by chromosome 13, that differentiates HCC and LC. As for ourselves, we identified sequences near the TPTE2 gene that are replicated in the genome, flawing the interpretation of a genome-wide association study. We have inputted the flanking sequence of the aforementioned SNP rs2880301 (CTTTGCAGCAATCCAG [C/T] CTAAAAGCCTAAAAGC) in the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) from the National Center for Biotechnology Information website. Strikingly, we found total homology with a nucleotide sequence located both on chromosome 13 and the Y chromosome. To rule out that the association found by Clifford et al. was due to a major bias in the sex distribution of the patients affected by HCC or LC, we reanalyzed the raw data. There was a strong disequilibrium of sex between the two disease states: thus, the male/female sex ratio was 3.4 in HCC and 1.3 in LC. We found that the value of SNP rs2880301 was associated with sex rather than with disease status (Fig. 1). Values for rs2880301 in male and female patients. Triangles are patients with HCC. Squares are patients with LC. SNP values vary with sex, not with disease state. We thus believe that the data from this genome-wide association study does not encourage further study of TPTE2 in these diseases. Pierre Galichon M.D.* , Alexandre Hertig M.D., Ph.D.* , Eric Rondeau M.D., Ph.D.* , Laurent Mesnard* , * Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 702, Paris, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Universite de Paris 6, Paris, France, Emergency Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
A germ line mutation in cathepsin B points toward a role in asparaginase pharmacokinetics
Authors: Laurens T. van der Meer, Esmé Waanders, Marloes Levers, Hanka Venselaar, Debbie Roeleveld, Joachim Boos, Claudia Lanvers, Roger J. Brüggemann, Roland P. Kuiper, Peter M. Hoogerbrugge, Frank N. van Leeuwen, D. Maroeska te Loo
Journal: Blood (2014)