tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Debridement-valvotomy for aortic stenosis in adults: A follow-up of 76 patients
Authors: P. J. Hurley, J. B. Lowe, B. G. Barratt-Boyes
Journal: Thorax (1967)

Seventy-six adults who had débridement-valvotomy for severe aortic stenosis are reviewed. Of these, 61 had isolated aortic valve stenosis and 15 had multivalvar disease. Twenty-six patients (34%) died at or subsequent to surgery. Thirty-eight of the 40 survivors with isolated aortic valve disease have been followed up for between 21 and 70 (mean 46) months after surgery, and detailed evidence as to the state of the aortic valve was obtained in 34 of these either by left heart catheterization or at operation. Only one result was completely acceptable. The great majority of patients were found to have redeveloped important aortic stenosis, and in many this was already sufficiently severe to warrant further surgery. The initial degree of valve calcification seemed to have little bearing on the final result except in the multivalve group. Other series are reviewed. The operation has become increasingly unpopular, but reports continue to suggest that it may still have a place. Our results suggest that the procedure should be discarded.
Molecular and clinical features of refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts associated with marked thrombocytosis
Authors: Luca Malcovati, Matteo G. Della Porta, Daniela Pietra, Emanuela Boveri, Andrea Pellagatti, Anna Gallì, Erica Travaglino, Angela Brisci, Elisa Rumi, Francesco Passamonti, Rosangela Invernizzi, Laura Cremonesi, Jacqueline Boultwood, James S. Wainscoat, Eva Hellström-Lindberg, Mario Cazzola
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abstract LB-286: Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancer
Authors: Tatiana V. Macfarlane, Karen Lefevre, Margaret C. Watson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction: Aspirin and other NSAIDs are widely used as analgesic and preventative agents. Data on the chemopreventative role of these drugs on the risk of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer are insufficient and mostly refer to oesophageal cancer. Aim: To investigate the effect of aspirin and other NSAIDs use on the risk of UADT cancers. Specific objectives were to investigate risk by cancer sub-site, duration of use and type of NSAIDs. Methods: A nested case-control study using the Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit (PCCIU) database. Conditional logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results: There were 2,392 cases of UADT diagnosed between 1996 and 2010 and 7,165 age, gender and medical practice matched controls from 131 general medical practices. Mean age of cases was 66 years (SD 12), and most cases were males (63%). Aspirin was prescribed in a quarter of cases and controls, COX-2 inhibitors were prescribed in 4% of cases and 5% of controls and other NSAIDs were prescribed in 33% of cases and 36% of controls. Aspirin prescription was associated with non-significant reduced risk of cancer of UADT (OR 0.9 95% CI 0.8, 1.0), head and neck (HN) cancer (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.7, 1.1) or the oesophagus (OR 0.8, 0.7, 1.0). Similar results were found for COX-2 prescription. Prescription of other NSAIDs was associated with significantly reduced risk of cancer of UADT (adjusted OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7, 0.9), HN (adjusted OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7, 0.9) and the oesophagus (OR 0.8, 0.7, 0.9). Significant risk reduction occurred with an increased number of aspirin prescriptions (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6, 0.9) for over 29 prescriptions compared to “never” aspirin prescription (test for trend P&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion: There is evidence of a decreased risk of UADT cancer associated with ever being prescribed an NSAID (non-COX-2) as well as with increased number of aspirin prescriptions. Citation Format: Tatiana V. Macfarlane, Karen Lefevre, Margaret C. Watson. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-286. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-286
Correlates of Repeat Lipid Testing in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Salim S. Virani, LeChauncy D. Woodard, Degang Wang, Supicha S. Chitwood, Cassie R. Landrum, Tracy H. Urech, Kenneth Pietz, G. John Chen, Brian Hertz, Jeffrey Murawsky, Christie M. Ballantyne, Laura A. Petersen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Understanding the frequency and correlates of redundant lipid testing could identify areas for quality improvement initiatives aimed at improving the efficiency of cholesterol care in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).To determine the frequency and correlates of repeat lipid testing in patients with CHD who attained low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals and received no treatment intensification.We assessed the proportion of patients with LDL-C levels of less than 100 mg/dL and no intensification of lipid-lowering therapy who underwent repeat lipid testing during an 11-month follow-up period. We performed logistic regression analyses to evaluate facility, provider, and patient characteristics associated with repeat testing. In total, we analyzed 35,191 patients with CHD in a Veterans Affairs network of 7 medical centers with associated community-based outpatient clinics.Frequency and correlates of repeat lipid testing in patients having CHD with LDL-C levels of less than 100 mg/dL and no further treatment intensification with lipid-lowering therapies.Of 27,947 patients with LDL-C levels of less than 100 mg/dL, 9200 (32.9%) had additional lipid assessments without treatment intensification during the following 11 months (12 ,686 total additional panels; mean, 1.38 additional panel per patient). Adjusting for facility-level clustering, patients with a history of diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.10-1.22), a history of hypertension (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.13-1.30), higher illness burden (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.23-1.57), and more frequent primary care visits (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.25-1.39) were more likely to undergo repeat testing, whereas patients receiving care at a teaching facility (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.69-0.80) or from a physician provider (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98) and those with a medication possession ratio of 0.8 or higher (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.71-0.80) were less likely to undergo repeat testing. Among 13,114 patients who met the optional LDL-C target level of less than 70 mg/dL, repeat lipid testing was performed in 8177 (62.4% of those with LDL-C levels of <70 mg/dL) during 11 follow-up months.One-third of patients having CHD with LDL-C levels at goal underwent repeat lipid panels. Our results highlight areas for quality improvement initiatives to reduce redundant lipid testing. These efforts would be more important if the forthcoming cholesterol guidelines adopt a medication dose-based approach in place of the current treat-to-target approach.
Pervasive and dynamic protein binding sites of the mRNA transcriptome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Mallory A Freeberg, Ting Han, James J Moresco, Andy Kong, Yu-Cheng Yang, Zhi John Lu, John R Yates, John K Kim
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Protein-RNA interactions are integral components of nearly every aspect of biology, including regulation of gene expression, assembly of cellular architectures, and pathogenesis of human diseases. However, studies in the past few decades have only uncovered a small fraction of the vast landscape of the protein-RNA interactome in any organism, and even less is known about the dynamics of protein-RNA interactions under changing developmental and environmental conditions.Here, we describe the gPAR-CLIP (global photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunopurification) approach for capturing regions of the untranslated, polyadenylated transcriptome bound by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in budding yeast. We report over 13,000 RBP crosslinking sites in untranslated regions (UTRs) covering 72% of protein-coding transcripts encoded in the genome, confirming 3' UTRs as major sites for RBP interaction. Comparative genomic analyses reveal that RBP crosslinking sites are highly conserved, and RNA folding predictions indicate that secondary structural elements are constrained by protein binding and may serve as generalizable modes of RNA recognition. Finally, 38% of 3' UTR crosslinking sites show changes in RBP occupancy upon glucose or nitrogen deprivation, with major impacts on metabolic pathways as well as mitochondrial and ribosomal gene expression.Our study offers an unprecedented view of the pervasiveness and dynamics of protein-RNA interactions in vivo.
Actual Causes of Death in the United States
Authors: Paul H. Blackman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article entitled "Actual Causes of Death in the United States"<sup>1</sup>was misleading in a number of ways. First, the title should have been something like "Nongenetic Causes of Death" or "Potentially Preventable Nongenetic Causes of Premature Death," or adjustments should have been made so that ordinary causes of death not credited to one of Drs McGinnis and Foege's major external factors were kept in. Otherwise, listing nine or 10 leading "actual causes" misleadingly suggests that heart disease and cancers are not leading causes of death. In fact, subtract those cancers and heart diseases that McGinnis and Foege attribute to external causes, lifestyles, and the like, and heart disease remains comfortably in third place as a cause of death, and cancers not attributable to outside influences kill more than toxic agents do. Second, either some deaths are counted twice or virtually no firearm-related deaths are attributed
21-Year-Old Woman With Menstrual Irregularity, 1 Year Later
Authors: Jennifer Daley
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In December 1996 at obstetrics and gynecology grand rounds, Dr Ann Davis discussed the approach to evaluating irregular menses in a young woman with previously normal cycles. Ms K, a 21-year-old college student, had experienced difficulty with her menses for 1 year, first bleeding continuously, then ceasing her menses altogether. A progestational challenge did not induce withdrawal bleeding. Dr Davis explained that many factors could contribute to abnormal cycling, such as several endocrinopathies, hypothalamic disorders, including dietary practices and body fat, exercise, and stress. She recommended that Ms K take an oral contraceptive to regulate hormone levels and induce monthly bleeding. We asked the patient and her physician to comment on the year that has passed. <h3>Ms K, THE PATIENT:</h3> I didn't get my period still after the conference. So, a few months ago, I went to another hospital. They gave me the same medicine [Provera], and I got my
Tumor Protection Following Vaccination With Low Doses of Lentivirally Transduced DCs Expressing the Self-antigen erbB2
Authors: Miriam E Mossoba, Jagdeep S Walia, Vanessa I Rasaiah, Nicole Buxhoeveden, Renee Head, Chuyan Ying, Jason E Foley, Jonathan L Bramson, Daniel H Fowler, Jeffrey A Medin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

Gene therapy strategies may accelerate the development of prophylactic immunotherapy against cancer. We synthesized a lentiviral (LV) vector encoding a kinase-deficient form of erbB2 (erbB2tr) to transduce murine dendritic cells (DCs) efficiently. Murine erbB2 models a clinically relevant tumor-associated self-antigen; its human homolog (HER-2/neu) is overexpressed in breast cancer and in 80% of metastatic prostate cancers. Following one infection, approximately 47% of DCs overexpressed erbB2tr. To determine whether low doses of transduced DCs could protect mice from prostate cancer cells, we performed prime/boost vaccinations with 2 x 10(3) or 2 x 10(5) erbB2tr-transduced DCs. Six weeks after vaccination, mice were simultaneously bilaterally challenged with the aggressive RM-1 prostate cancer cell line and an erbB2tr-expressing variant (RM-1-erbB2tr). Whereas control mice developed both tumors, all recipients of 2 x 10(5) erbB2tr-transduced DCs developed only wild-type RM-1 tumors. One-third of mice vaccinated with just 2 x 10(3) erbB2tr-transduced DCs also demonstrated erbB2tr-specific tumor protection. Protection against RM-1-erbB2tr tumors was associated with sustained levels of anti-erbB2tr antibody production and also correlated with erbB2tr-specific Th1 cytokine secretion. Depletion of CD4(+), CD8(+), or natural killer (NK) cells prior to tumor challenge underscored their role in mediating tumor protection. We conclude that administration of DCs expressing a self-antigen through efficient LV-based gene transfer activates cellular and humoral immunity, protecting host animals against specific tumor challenge.
Diamond-Blackfan anaemia: genetic homogeneity for a gene on chromosome 19q13 restricted to 1.8 Mb
Authors: Peter Gustavsson, Thiébaut-Noel Willig, Arie van Haeringen, Gil Tchernia, Irma Dianzani, Mikael Donnér, Göran Elinder, Jan-Inge Renter, Per-Gunnar Nilsson, Laurie Gordon, Gunnar Skeppner, Lisbeth van't Veer-Korthof, Anders Kreuger, Niklas Dahl
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
Functional Reconstitution of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Reveals the Importance of Serine 1179 in Endothelium-Dependent Vasomotion
Authors: Ramona S. Scotland, Manuel Morales-Ruiz, Yan Chen, Jun Yu, Radu Daniel Rudic, David Fulton, Jean-Philippe Gratton, William C. Sessa
Journal: Circulation Research (2002)

Phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) at serine 1179 can activate the enzyme, leading to NO release. Because eNOS is important in regulating vascular tone, we investigated whether phosphorylation of this residue is involved in vasomotion. Adenoviral transduction of endothelial cells (ECs) with the phosphomimetic S1179DeNOS markedly increased basal and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF)-stimulated NO release compared with cells transduced with wild-type virus. Conversely, adenoviral transduction of ECs with the non-phosphorylatable S1179AeNOS suppressed basal and stimulated NO release. Using a novel method for luminal delivery of adenovirus, transduction of the endothelium of carotid arteries from eNOS knockout mice with S1179DeNOS completely restored NO-mediated dilatation to acetylcholine (ACh), whereas vasomotor responses in arteries transduced with S1179AeNOS were significantly attenuated. Basal NO release was also significantly reduced in arteries transduced with S1179AeNOS, compared with S1179DeNOS. Thus, our data directly demonstrate that phosphorylation of eNOS at serine 1179 is an important regulator of basal and stimulated NO release in ECs and in intact blood vessels.
After the nuclear incident, Fukushima has now been hit by floods
Authors: G. Blair
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Torrential rain and floods in Fukushima and Niigata prefectures, Japan, on the last weekend of July destroyed crops and houses and left the high numbers of elderly people in rural communities isolated and vulnerable.

The floods have added to the misery of a population already struggling to deal with the aftermath of the earthquake, tsunami, and Fukushima nuclear incident in March this year.

The rural Tadami area in the west of Fukushima prefecture has a population density of fewer than seven people per square kilometre and one of the lowest doctor to patient ratios in Japan.

“During the flooding, about 200 people in Tadami, mostly elderly, were …
Ovarian Sex Cord–Stromal Tumors in Children and Adolescents
Authors: D.T. Schneider, G. Calaminus, R. Wessalowksi, R. Pathmanathan, B. Selle, W. Sternschulte, D. Harms, U. Göbel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To develop diagnostic standards and a risk-adapted therapeutic strategy for ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (OSCST).Fifty-four patients were prospectively enrolled as follow-up patients onto the German Maligne Keimzelltumoren protocols. Surgical protocols and histopathology were reviewed centrally (53 patients with complete data). Surgery included ovariectomy in 18 patients, salpingo-ovariectomy in 34 patients, and hysterectomy in one patient. Patients with stage IA tumors were followed-up at regular intervals, whereas nine patients with stage IC and six patients with stage II to III tumors were treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage was IA in 27 patients, IC in 21 patients, II in three patients, and III in three patients. After a median follow-up of 59 months (range, 6 to 193 months), event-free survival +/- SD was 0.86 +/- 0.05 (47 of 54 patients) and overall survival was 0.89 +/- 0.05 (49 of 54 patients). Prognosis correlated with stage (event-free survival +/- SD: IA, 1.0 [27 of 27 patients]; IC, 0.76 +/- 0.09 [16 of 21 patients]; and II/III, 0.67 +/- 0.19 [four of six patients]; P =.02). Ten of 15 patients treated with chemotherapy, including four of six stage II to III patients, are alive after a median follow-up of 33 months.On the basis of a standardized clinical and histopathologic assessment, risk-adapted therapeutic strategies for OSCST can be evaluated. Considering our experience, we would recommend that stage IA tumors be followed up at regular intervals, whereas we would recommend cisplatin-based chemotherapy in stage IC tumors with preoperative rupture or malignant ascites, especially those with high mitotic activity. Finally, cisplatin-based chemotherapy also seems to be effective in advanced-stage tumors.
Hepatoma in a Child With Methotrexate-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis
Authors: Frederick B. Ruymann
Journal: JAMA (1977)

During autopsy, an 11-year-old girl with acute lymphocytic leukemia was found to have hepatic fibrosis with a 2.5-cm nodule of hepatocarcinoma. For 5 1/2 of the six years of treatment, chemotherapy consisted of daily orally administered methotrexate with monthly doses of vincristine sulfate and prednisone. The cumulative dose of methotrexate was 2.5 g. To our knwoledge, this report constitutes the first association of hepatoma with methotrexate-induced hepatic fibrosis. A careful follow-up of patients receiving methotrexate for malignant neoplasms is urged; caution is suggested in the prolonged use of methotrexate when treating benign disease. (<i>JAMA</i>238:2631-2633, 1977)
Banding of the Pulmonary Artery for Transposition of the Great Arteries and Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: JAROSLAV STARK, MICHAEL TYNAN, CONSTANTINE J. TATOOLES, EOIN ABERDEEN, DAVID J. WATERSTON
Journal: Circulation (1970)

The palliative procedures for TGA with VSD and pulmonary hypertension include pulmonary artery banding, atrial septostomy, and, when necessary, ligation of a patent ductus arteriosus. This paper presents the surgical results and physiological consequences of the palliative approach. The overall mortality was 12% (4 of 33 patients). It was possible to lower the Pp to below 45 mm Hg in all 15 infants with pulmonary artery banding. Ten infants recatheterized after the operation had no evidence of progressive pulmonary vascular disease. In 6 of 18 children older than one year, the Pp remained higher than 45 mm Hg distal to the band. In six children recatheterized, the pulmonary flow had decreased from preoperative levels, and the calculated Rp/Rs ratio had not changed significantly. The arterial oxygen saturation was decreased after banding of the pulmonary artery in 16 of 20 patients in whom it was measured. These data suggest that pulmonary artery banding can prevent the development of pulmonary vascular disease in infants. In children older than one year, pulmonary vascular disease can be arrested at the stage that it had reached at the time of banding the pulmonary artery.
AN ATYPICAL CASE OF HYPERGLYCAEMIA IN GENERAL ANAESTHESIA
Authors: R. L. MacKay
Journal: BMJ (1928)

SPIRIT AND BIPP TRE:ATAMENT. TEarCRIT1311the levatores aini muscles, in order to bring these muiscles and tho posterior vaginal wall inito close apposition (Flig.3).The skin edges aro next uniited with.initer- rupted catgut sutuiues and tho silkworm-gut sutures tied through small pieces of india-rubber tubing, tlhus completing tho oper;ation (Fig. 4).The last or most posterior silkwormi-gut suture is passed so as to prevent the anal or ifice falling backwards,-which is not inifrequient after operationls for comp)lete rupture of the perineumii.Catgut may also be employed for this suture.
The chronic effect of plyometric training on haemotological parameters in Alpine Skiers
Authors: Serkan İbiş, Serkan Hazar, İbrahim Demirci
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate chronic effects of plyometric training on haematological parameters of the Turkish National Alpine Ski Team athletes during 12-week preparation period. In the study, 12 sportsmen volunteers participated whose mean age was 17.50 years. Participants performed 12-week plyometric training protocol. The training programme was applied for 12 weeks and 5 days a week in total 60 training unit. As the programme proceeded, the intensity and content of training increased. Blood samples were taken before and after the training programme. The red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), granulocyte (GR), haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) measurement were analysed on blood samples with automatic haematological analyser (Toshiba Accute PPS TBA-40FR). Wilcoxon signed rank test was used in order to compare statistical values of before and after exercise and significance level α was set at 0.05. Before and after training programme, values were compared for RBC, WBC, GR, MCV, MCH, MCHC and no significant changes have been observed for these values. However, there was significant (p&gt;0.05) increase in HCT and HGB values. We concluded that as a result of the study, 12-week plyometric training programme increased the RBCs and HGB levels and as a result improved oxygen carriage capacity of the Turkish National Alpine Ski Team athletes.
Oxygen Tension of Tissues by the Polarographic Method
Authors: ORVILLE HORWITZ, GEORGE PEIRCE, HUGH MONTGOMERY
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Simultaneous measurements of skin oxygen tension by polarography and skin temperature by thermocouple were made in patients with peripheral arterial disease and in individuals with normal extremities over a range of skin temperature of 10 to 50 C. The oxygen tension of the skin was found to increase as the skin temperature was raised to about normal body temperature in the ischemic extremity and to significantly higher temperature in the normal extremity. Possible reasons for these changes are discussed.