tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical Education and Marketplace Competition-Reply
Authors: Jon Veloski
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Coggan provides insight into the operations of one for-profit health plan, with a focus on financial accountability and an approach to decision-making that has not been characteristic of the academic setting. While we agree with Dr Coggan that it is not appropriate to expect managed care organizations to assume responsibility for medical education, we believe that they are stakeholders in the system. Together with medical schools and teaching hospitals, managed care organizations have a vested interest in shaping the Knowledge, skills, and attitudes of the next generation of physicians. All will benefit if physicians are competent and well educated for the health care system in which they will participate. The challenge for medical education is to work with managed care, to penetrate the barrier of "us" vs "them," and to achieve consensus on the preparation of young physicians. This includes finding ways to provide educational experiences in the most
Role of patients' view of their illness in predicting return to work and functioning after myocardial infarction: longitudinal study
Authors: K. J Petrie, J. Weinman, N. Sharpe, J. Buckley
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To examine whether patients9 initial perceptions of their myocardial infarction predict subsequent attendance at a cardiac rehabilitation course, return to work, disability, and sexual dysfunction. <b>Design</b>: Patients9 perceptions of their illness were measured at admission with their first myocardial infarction and at follow up three and six months later. <b>Setting</b>: Two large teaching hospitals in Auckland, New Zealand. <b>Subjects</b>: 143 consecutive patients aged under 65 with their first myocardial infarction. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Attendance at rehabilitation course; time before returning to work; measures of disability with sickness impact profile questionnaire for sleep and rest, social interaction, recreational activity, and home management; and sexual dysfunction. <b>Results</b>: Attendance at the rehabilitation course was significantly related to a stronger belief during admission that the illness could be cured or controlled (t=2.08, P=0.04). Return to work within six weeks was significantly predicted by the perception that the illness would last a short time (t=-2.52, P=0.01) and have less grave consequences for the patient (t=-2.87, P=0.005). Patients9 belief that their heart disease would have serious consequences was significantly related to later disability in work around the house, recreational activities, and social interaction. A strong illness identity was significantly related to greater sexual dysfunction at both three and six months. <b>Conclusions</b>: Patients9 initial perceptions of illness are important determinants of different aspects of recovery after myocardial infarction. Specific illness perceptions need to be identified at an early stage as a basis for optimising outcomes from rehabilitation programmes. <h3>Key messages</h3> Patients9 beliefs about their illness seem to influence recovery and rehabilitation on discharge from hospital Patients9 ideas about their illness cluster around five cognitive dimensions: identity, cause, time line, consequences, and beliefs about cure or control In this study a belief that the illness could be controlled or cured was related to subsequent attendance at a cardiac rehabilitation course. Perceptions that the illness would last a long time and have serious consequences were associated with a longer delay before returning to work The early identification of illness perceptions could improve the outcome of cardiac rehabilitation programmes
Vitamin B_12-Binding Proteins of Man
Authors: CHARLES A. HALL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Body proteins that bind vitamin B12 are now finding multiple uses in clinical medicine. Intrinsic factor in the intestinal tract and transcobalamins I and II in the plasma participate in normal vitamin B12 transport. Several other binding proteins have been identified in various cells and body fluids, but the reasons for their existence are not known. The absence of intrinsic factor, the basis for the vitamin B12 deficiency in pernicious anemia, is obviously useful in differential diagnosis. The different degrees of increase in transcobalamin I in myeloid metaplasia, chronic myeloid leukemia, and polycythemia vera are useful in the differential diagnosis of those diseases. In addition, there is a large amount of a binder of unknown function in the plasma of polycythemia vera. Some of the natural substances that bind vitamin B12 have been used as a reagent in isotope-dilution assays of the vitamin.
Echocardiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Central Versus Noncentral Percutaneous Edge-to-Edge Repair of Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Rodrigo Estévez-Loureiro, Olaf Franzen, Reidar Winter, Lars Sondergaard, Per Jacobsen, Gary Cheung, Neil Moat, Nikolaj Ihlemann, Matteo Ghione, Susanna Price, Alison Duncan, Tine Streit Rosenberg, Sarah Barker, Carlo Di Mario, Magnus Settergren
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Collagen deposition in HIV-1 infected lymphatic tissues and T cell homeostasis
Authors: Timothy W. Schacker, Phuong L. Nguyen, Gregory J. Beilman, Steven Wolinsky, Matthew Larson, Cavan Reilly, Ashley T. Haase
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Lymphatic tissues (LTs) are structurally organized to promote interaction between antigens, chemokines, growth factors, and lymphocytes to generate an immunologic response and maintain normal-sized populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Inflammation and tissue remodeling that accompany local innate and adaptive immune responses to HIV-1 replication cause damage to the LT architecture. As a result, normal populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells cannot be supported and antigen-lymphocyte interactions are impaired. This conclusion is supported herein following LT sampling before and during anti-HIV therapy in persons with acute, chronic, and late-stage HIV-1 infection. Among seven individuals treated with anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and four individuals deferring therapy we found evidence of significant paracortical T cell zone damage associated with deposition of collagen, the extent of which was inversely correlated with both the size of the LT CD4+ T cell population and the change in peripheral CD4+ T cell count with anti-HIV therapy. The HIV-1–associated inflammatory changes and scarring in LT both limit the ability of the tissue to support and reestablish normal-sized populations of CD4+ T cells and suggest a novel mechanism of T cell depletion that may explain the failure of ART to significantly increase CD4+ T cell populations in some HIV-1–infected persons.
Accidental Success with Carbamazepine for Psoriatic Erythroderma
Authors: Kathleen J. Smith, Henry G. Skelton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

A review article on hip fracture (June 6 issue) 1 is certainly welcome.The diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis and the assessment of risk factors and prevention of falls are not only critical if we are to decrease the incidence of first hip fractures, but also important in patients who have already had a fracture.The risk of a second hip fracture is increased two-to threefold in these patients, and the risk of fractures at other sites is also increased.There are many approaches to decreasing the likelihood of further fractures in such patients.Treatment with calcium and vitamin D can reduce the incidence of hip fractures. 2Although we do not yet know the precise efficacy of secondary prevention after a first hip fracture, treatment with estrogen, bisphosphonate, or calcitonin should be considered in patients with osteoporosis at any stage in their disease.Similarly, a careful review of risk factors for falls and an attempt to minimize them should be as important in the patient who has had one hip fracture as it is in the elderly patient who is at high risk but has not yet had a fracture.There are practical interventions that can reduce the risk of falling.
Quantitative and 3-dimensional analysis of Langerhans cells in basal cell carcinoma. A comparative study using light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: L. BERGFELT, A. EMILSON, M. LINDBERG, A. SCHEYNIUS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

We have analysed Langerhans cells (LCs) in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and in healthy skin in 15 patients, using three different techniques: light microscopic examination of horizontal sheets, and of 6‐μm‐thick vertical skin sections, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of 25‐μm‐thick vertical sections. The use of CLSM enables both a quantitative and a three‐dimensional (3‐D) analysis of the cells in the same tissue volume. A statistically significant reduction in the relative volume of epidermal CDla reactivity confined to tumour areas was found with CLSM. This difference was confirmed when the number of LCs in horizontal sheets were counted. In contrast, no significant reduction in epidermal CDla+ cells was found in thin vertical sections. This is probably due to the smaller tissue sample examined, and to variations in the number of CDla+ cells, with less cells directly overlying the tumour nests. The ratio of CDla‐expressing cells in the epidermis/dermis was significantly reduced in BCCs, compared with healthy looking skin. Few LCs were observed in tumour nests, but they were numerous in the surrounding stroma of the dermis. Three‐dimensional reconstructions of CDla+ cells in BCC revealed striking morphological changes; they had a reduced number of dendrites, and these were often short and had few branches. The results demonstrate that CLSM is a suitable technique for quantitative and morphological analysis of CDla‐expressing cells in the skin. We suggest that the alterations in LC numbers, distribution and morphology in BCC most probably are secondary to changes in the local environment.
Essential fatty acids deficiency promotes lipogenic gene expression and hepatic steatosis through the liver X receptor
Authors: Simon Ducheix, Alexandra Montagner, Arnaud Polizzi, Frédéric Lasserre, Alice Marmugi, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Normand Podechard, Talal Al Saati, Maud Chétiveaux, Silvère Baron, Jérôme Boué, Gilles Dietrich, Laila Mselli-Lakhal, Philippe Costet, Jean-Marc A. Lobaccaro, Thierry Pineau, Vassilia Theodorou, Catherine Postic, Pascal G.P. Martin, Hervé Guillou
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
New charter targets wait for outpatient appointments
Authors: J Warden
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Britain's hidden waiting list of patients referred to hospital but not yet seen by a consultant is to be included in a revision of the patient's charter next April. There will be a new national target for the time that NHS patients have to wait for their first outpatient appointments. A criticism of hospital waiting times has been that they omit the period between a general practitioner's referral and the first consultant appointment, which can be many …
Risk factors for early‐onset and late‐onset post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in kidney recipients in the United States
Authors: Scott C. Quinlan, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Lindsay M. Morton, Eric A. Engels
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Solid-organ transplant recipients have an elevated risk for some malignancies because of the requirement for immunosuppression [1]. In particular, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is common and comprises one end of a spectrum of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) ranging from benign hyperplasia to lymphoid malignancy [2]. PTLD risk is influenced by the type of organ transplanted, the age and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serostatus of the transplant recipient, and the intensity of immunosuppression [3-9]. PTLD incidence is high immediately after transplantation, decreases subsequently, and then rises again 4-5 years from transplantation [10,11]. This incidence pattern suggests the presence of separate early-onset and late-onset PTLD subtypes. Early-onset PTLDs tend to be EBV-positive and, when extranodal, are more likely than late-onset PTLDs to be localized to the transplanted organ [12,13]. Late-onset PTLD is less likely to be associated with EBV and, overall, is more likely than early-onset PTLD to be extranodal [13,14]. The Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) includes data on a large number of solid-organ transplant recipients in the United States and information on malignancies diagnosed post-transplantation. We used these data to conduct a retrospective cohort study among kidney transplant recipients to examine differences in risk factors between early-onset PTLD and late-onset PTLD.
Relationship between esophageal varices and azygos vein evaluated by cineportography
Authors: Tohru Kimura, Fuminori Moriyasu, Toshihiko Kawasaki, Hitoshi Someda, Takashi Tamada, Yukitaka Yamashita, Shigeki Ono, Kouzou Kajimura, Osamu Nishida, Minoru Okuma
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The relationship between esophageal varices and the azygos vein, which is generally considered to drain the major part of the variceal blood flow, was evaluated by percutaneous transhepatic cineportography in 35 patients with portal hypertension. We classified the patients into three groups. Those patients in whom most of the variceal blood drained into the azygos vein were designated the azygos-type group (n = 18). Those in whom most of the blood flowed into the brachiocephalic venous system were defined as the cervical-type group (n = 5), and those in whom the varices were drained by both the azygos vein and the brachiocephalic venous system were called the combined-type group (n = 12). Highly developed esophageal varices were recognized endoscopically in all patients in the combined-type and cervical-type groups, whereas some of the patients in the azygos-type group had less well-developed varices. In the azygos-type group, a tendency for the varices to be more severe as their drainage into the azygos vein became more cephalad was noted. Evaluation of the drainage of esophageal varices was considered useful not only for obtaining full comprehension of the significance of the azygos vein but also for assessing the suitability for sclerotherapy. Percutaneous transhepatic cineportography was useful for this purpose because it enables visualization of even the most minute amounts of blood flow.
Multifunctional effects of honokiol as an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drug in human oral squamous cancer cells and xenograft
Authors: Jin Hyoung Cho, Young-Joo Jeon, Seon-Min Park, Jae-Cheon Shin, Tae-Hoon Lee, Seunggon Jung, Hongju Park, Joohyun Ryu, Hanyong Chen, Zigang Dong, Jung-Hyun Shim, Jung-Il Chae
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Regional and temporal variation in oscillatory blood flow in sickle cell disease
Authors: Alan P. Kennedy, Barbara Williams, Edward F. Meydrech, Martin H. Steinberg
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract We examined 55 patients with sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and 16 with hemoglobin SC disease (HbSC) to ascertain the presence of periodic microcirculatory flow (PMF) using laser‐Doppler velocimetry. Forty‐nine percent of patients with HbSS and 12.5% of HbSC patients had PMF on at least one occasion and in at least one site. The presence of PMF could be correlated with an increase in packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin in individuals with HbSS and an increased white blood cell and platelet count in patients with HbSC. PMF may result from complex interactions among perfusion pressure, capillary tone, and the numbers and intrinsic properties of formed blood elements.
Erythrocyte zinc in hyperthyroidism: Reflection of integrated thyroid hormone levels over the previous few months
Authors: Katsumi Yoshida, Yoshinori Kiso, TaKao Watanabe, Kazuro Kaise, Nobuko Kaise, Yoichi Itagaki, Makiko Yamamoto, Toshiro Sakurada, Kaoru Yoshinaga
Journal: Metabolism (1990)
Non-accidental injury in children: what we do in Derby.
Authors: L J Arthur, W M Moncrieff, W Milburn, P S Bayliss, J Heath
Journal: BMJ (1976)

A scheme for dealing with cases of non-accidental injury in children in the Derby clinical area has been operating since 1971. A stable team of doctors, policemen, and social workers deal with each case. The parents are told at once that battering is suspected, and the police and social services department co-operate closely in establishing the facts, supporting the family, and protecting the child. A psychiatric assessment of the parents may help social workers decide on the long-term care of the child, and the forensic physician is invaluable if the case has to go to court. The team has made three recommendations about prevention and management of these cases: a specialist social service team should be set up to deal with these children and regain the skills and knowledge lost when children9s departments were abolished in 1971; babies should be routinely weighed naked in infant welfare clinics; and juvenile courts should be able to order a psychiatric report on the parents in care proceedings.
Positive Bronchial Challenges to D. Pteronyssinus in Asthmatic Subjects in Absence of Systemic Atopy
Authors: P. Campo, C. Antunez, C. Rondon, C. Mayorga, R. Garcia, M. Ruiz, L. Melendez, J. Rodriguez-Bada, M. Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Cephaloridine Serum Levels in Patients on Maintenance Haemodialysis
Authors: J. R. Curtis, M. J. Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Cephaloridine serum half-life was determined in 11 patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. Three of them were anephric. The mean cephaloridine half-life was 10.4 hours. There was an inverse correlation between cephaloridine half-life and the duration of maintenance haemodialysis treatment. Reasons for this are discussed.The effect of haemodialysis with the Kiil dialyser on cephaloridine half-life was studied in three patients.Dosage recommendations for patients on maintenance haemodialysis are suggested.
Hepatic oxygen exchange and energy metabolism in hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia: effects of the combined thromboxane receptor antagonist and synthase inhibitor DTTX30
Authors: Karl Träger, Martin Matejovic, Josef Vogt, Carl Zülke, Arnim Vlatten, Ulrich Wachter, Jürgen Altherr, Alexander Brinkmann, Uwe B. Brückner, Karl W. Jauch, Michael Georgieff, Peter Radermacher
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2001)
VOLTAIRE ON SYPHILIS.*
Authors: J. D. ROLLESTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1926)

Journal Article VOLTAIRE ON SYPHILIS. Get access J. D. ROLLESTON, M.D. J. D. ROLLESTON, M.D. President, Section of the History of Medicine, Royal Society of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 38, Issue 2, 1 February 1926, Pages 64–67, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1926.tb09976.x Published: 01 February 1926
Treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children: Conclusions should have been more cautious
Authors: Juan M Lozano
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—The evidence supporting one of Craig and Hodson's major conclusions, that oral and intravenous antibiotics are equally safe and effective for acute pyelonephritis in children, has important caveats.1

None of the two trials (one published, one ongoing) comparing oral and parenteral antibiotics have found significant differences in …
THE PRESENT SCOPE OF UROLOGY
Authors: HENRY G. BUGBEE
Journal: JAMA (1923)

While it is a short word, "scope" has a broad meaning, namely, (1) object, (2) opportunity for action, and (3) extent or sweep. What is the scope of urology today? Are we urologists living up to our possibilities? Our object should be to acquire an accurate and extensive knowledge of the urinary tract, its physiology, pathology and resulting symptomatology, and to apply judgment and skill in the eradication of the lesions presented, with the lowest possible mortality and morbidity. The opportunity for action is large, being present throughout the patient's life, and the extent of the field, with its various ramifications, presents a close interlocking with general medicine and the other specialties. In other words, the urologist, with his special knowledge, must view the patient through the eyes of the general practitioner. There are certain points regarding present-day specialization which are possibly more pertinent to urology than to any other
SYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE PREDICTS MORTALITY IN THE DALLAS HEART STUDY
Authors: Maria Odette Gore, Edzard Schwedhelm, Colby R. Ayers, Nicole Lüneburg, Maike Anderssohn, Amit Khera, James A. de Lemos, Darren K. McGuire, Rainer H. Böger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Ongoing Network State Controls the Length of Sleep Spindles via Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Péter Barthó, Andrea Slézia, Ferenc Mátyás, Lejla Faradzs-Zade, István Ulbert, Kenneth D. Harris, László Acsády
Journal: Neuron (2014)

Sleep spindles are major transient oscillations of the mammalian brain. Spindles are generated in the thalamus; however, what determines their duration is presently unclear. Here, we measured somatic activity of excitatory thalamocortical (TC) cells together with axonal activity of reciprocally coupled inhibitory reticular thalamic cells (nRTs) and quantified cycle-by-cycle alterations in their firing in vivo. We found that spindles with different durations were paralleled by distinct nRT activity, and nRT firing sharply dropped before the termination of all spindles. Both initial nRT and TC activity was correlated with spindle length, but nRT correlation was more robust. Analysis of spindles evoked by optogenetic activation of nRT showed that spindle probability, but not spindle length, was determined by the strength of the light stimulus. Our data indicate that during natural sleep a dynamically fluctuating thalamocortical network controls the duration of sleep spindles via the major inhibitory element of the circuits, the nRT.
Differentiating dissociation and repression
Authors: John Morton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Now that consciousness is thoroughly out of the way, we can focus more precisely on the kinds of things that can happen underneath. A contrast can be made between dissociation and repression. Dissociation is where a memory record or set of autobiographical memory records cannot be retrieved; repression is where there is retrieval of a record but, because of the current task specification, the contents of the record, though entering into current processing, are not allowed into consciousness. I look at hypnotic amnesia and dissociative identity disorder in relation to this contrast.