tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"Les Torsades de Pointes": An Unusual Ventricular Arrhythmia
Authors: WARREN M. SMITH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Since the original description by Dessertenne, predominantly European literature has reported the features of the unusual ventricular arrhythmia "les torsades de pointes." Named because of the way the polarity of the QRS complexes seems to spiral around the baseline of the ECG, this arrhythmia is virtually always associated with prolongation of the Q-T interval. Its importance lies not in its unusual structure but in the potentially fatal outcome if conventional treatment is administered. Antiarrhythmic drugs that further prolong the Q-T interval frequently aggravate the arrhythmia and are contraindicated. Overdrive pacing, preferably atrial, is the treatment of choice with attention to any correctable causes of associated Q-T prolongation. Electrophysiologic studies so far favor a re-entrant cause for the arrhythmia, but the exact mechanism and its true relation to both conventional ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation remain to be defined.
PRODUCTION OF ENDOMETRIAL GROWTH IN CASTRATED WOMEN
Authors: August A. Werner
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the discussion of our second experiment, described under the title "Production of Endometrial Growth in Castrated Women: The Minimum Dosage of Theelin That Is Required" (The Journal, November 4, p. 1466), Dr. Emil Novak states that "the method has been used, as Dr. Werner and Dr. Collier know, particularly by Clauberg and Kaufmann in Germany." The statement by Dr. Novak is ambiguous. While we were the first to produce the growth phase and uterine bleeding, among other phenomena, in the uterus of castrated women by the use of theelin, one might infer from his discussion that this is not the fact. We believe that Dr. Novak did not intentionally wish to leave this impression. We feel that he wished to convey the fact that Dr. Kaufmann has also done work of this nature and has produced the premenstrual endometrium, but not until after we had completed
COMPLICATIONS OF IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC-DEFIBRILLATOR IMPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY HYPERTENSION
Authors: Madhu Reddy, Hemant Boolani, Sowjanya Duthuluru, Namratha Reddy, Timothy Williamson, Leslie Spikes, Sudharani Bommana, Donita Atkins, Vineela Chikkam, Jayasree Pillarisetti, Loren Berenbom, Raghuveer Dendi, Martin Emert, Rhean Linette Pimentel, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ORAL EPITHELIAL NAEVI.
Authors: B. E. D. COOKE, J. MORGAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1959)

Journal Article ORAL EPITHELIAL NAEVI. Get access B. E. D. COOKE, F.D.S., M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond, B. E. D. COOKE, F.D.S., M.R.C.S.Eng., L.R.C.P.Lond The Department of Dental Medicine, Guy's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. MORGAN, M. D. J. MORGAN, M. D. The Department of Dermatology, King Edward VII Hospital, Windsor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 71, Issue 4, 1 April 1959, Pages 134–138, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1959.tb13398.x Published: 01 April 1959
Color Atlas of Endoscopy and Biopsy of the Intestine
Authors: Basil I. Hirschowitz
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Color photographs dominate this book—endoscopic and histologic photographs of high quality and well reproduced—a tribute to the printer as much as the photographers. The ease of obtaining the endoscopic photographs has influenced industrious endoscopists, all of whom have collected a respectable number of both common and rare conditions on color film. Not all of them have been worthy of publication. Any ambitious book like this may be expected to have defects. The introduction is reasonable for endoscopy but finds itself covering enzyme histochemistry, autoradiography, electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy in only half a page each. In the sections on the small intestine and on the colon, the book tries to teach by attaching legends varying from two to eight lines to each of 685 pictures. Though there is some attempt at organization, there is no continuity, and few subjects are developed in any useful depth. Some legends describe the
Pulmonary sequestration and related congenital bronchopulmonary-vascular malformations: nomenclature and classification based on anatomical and embryological considerations.
Authors: B S Clements, J O Warner
Journal: Thorax (1987)

The pulmonary sequestration spectrum and related congenital lung anomalies present an extremely complex and varied group of bronchopulmonary-vascular malformations. Previous attempts at nomenclature and classification have proved inadequate. In this article we present a classification of the newly named pulmonary malinosculation spectrum, which includes all congenital lung anomalies where there is abnormal connection (that is, malinosculation) of one or more of the four major components of lung tissue--namely, tracheobronchial airway, lung parenchyma, arterial supply, and venous drainage, which in various combinations make up these lesions. We feel that this simple descriptive approach will improve our understanding and management of these complicated lesions and this is supported by the clinical experience we report in the next article.
Liver histology abnormalities in the morbidly obese
Authors: Joseph Klain, Drora Fraser, Jed Goldstein, Jochanan Peiser, Eliezer Avinoah, Amnon Ovnat, Ilan Charuzi
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

A prospective study was undertaken in order to investigate the association between clinical and biochemical parameters and the histopathological findings in liver biopsies in the morbidly obese. Wedge liver biopsy specimens were taken at the beginning of the surgical procedure from 100 consecutive morbidly obese patients undergoing Roux–en–Y gastric bypass. Histological abnormalities were found in almost all of the examined material (98 of 100), which ranged from mild fatty infiltration through inflammatory change and alcoholic hepatitis–like change to fibrosis and cirrhosis. The patients with abnormalities were divided into two groups: those with a single abnormality (n = 56) and those with two or more histopathological findings (n = 42). Age, excess body weight, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the group with more than one histopathological finding. In a discriminant function analysis, it was found that the preoperatively available measures of age, sex and excess body weight, as well as ALT and triglyceride levels, could discriminate between the two patient groups. A model which uses these variables has been described which correctly assigns the patients to their histology groups in 73% of the cases. This model could provide a useful noninvasive clinical tool for the preoperative evaluation of possible hepatic damage in morbidly obese patients in whom there is no other known cause of possible liver disease.
Failure to clear persistent vaccine-derived neurovirulent poliovirus infection in an immunodeficient man
Authors: Calman MacLennan, Glynis Dunn, Aarnoud P Huissoon, Dinakantha S Kumararatne, Javier Martin, Paula O'Leary, Ronald A Thompson, Husam Osman, Philip Wood, Philip Minor, David J Wood, Deenan Pillay
Journal: The Lancet (2004)
Biochemical characterization of warm ischemic injury to valve leaflet fibroblasts in a porcine model using proton ( 1 H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: James St. Louis, Philip Corcoran, Sunder Rajan, John Conte, Tina Wahlstrom, Lloyd Wolfinbarger, Jianfei Hu, Yi Ning Wang, Ali Analouei, Richard Hopkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Integrator for aortic and pulmonary artery flow signals, with automatic zero adjustment and beat-to-beat mean flow computation
Authors: F. K. DIJKEMA, G. ELZINGA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

An analogue device is described which offers the opportunity to obtain from aortic and pulmonary artery flow signals, on-line, the following quantities: the heart period, stroke volume, and mean flow, all on a beat-to-beat basis. The apparatus corrects for flowmeter drift and prevents accumulation of errors during systole. Extensive tests on reliability are performed.
Dextran Sulphate: Use as an Anticoagulant, and Action in Lowering Serum Cholesterol
Authors: H. Cohen, G. R. Tudhope
Journal: BMJ (1956)

In addition to its direct eflect upon the blood-coagula- tion mechanism, dextran sulphate relieved oedema in cases of thrombophlebitis and produced effects similar to those of heparin on the plasma lipoproteins and plasma cholesterol.
Inhibition of Renal Tubular Sodium Reabsorption by Hypernatremia*
Authors: Donald E. Kamm, Norman G. Levinsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

In a recent study (1), we confirmed the obser- vation of Bresler (2) and Toussaint and Vereer- straeten (3) that tubular sodium reabsorption (TNa) in dogs increases following plasma sodium (PNa) elevation.However, when the increase in filtered sodium (FNa) that usually accompanied an elevated PNa was eliminated by reducing glo- merular filtration rate (GFR) with an aortic clamp, hypernatremia appeared to inhibit rather than stimulate TNa.Similar results have been ob- tained by Blythe and Welt (4), who found that sodium excretion during the infusion of hypertonic saline was above control when filtered sodium was reduced below control by inflating a balloon in the inferior vena cava.The micropuncture studies of Giebisch, Klose, and Windhager (5) in rats have also demonstrated that TNa is de- creased by hypertonic saline infusions.In all these studies the depression of TNa was considered to be a consequence of hypernatremia per se.In each case, hypernatremia was induced by loading with hypertonic saline.The infusion of similar volumes of isotonic saline has been shown to inhibit TNa to a comparable degree (6-9).Therefore, the studies cited do not clearly differentiate between volume expansion and hy- pernatremia as the cause of the decreased TNa, nor, indeed, do they clearly establish that hyper-
Waiting in the NHS, Part 2: a change of prescription
Authors: S. Derrett, N. Devlin, A. Harrison
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Part 1 (Waiting in the NHS: a diagnosis) highlighted the deficiencies of waiting-time targets as the principal means of managing lists and concluded that a more comprehensive approach is required1. Waiting-time targets introduce perverse incentives and are isolated from issues of health sector efficiency and opportunity cost. Furthermore, priority on waiting lists is determined not explicitly but implicitly, by clinical judgments. These vary between doctors and between regions and do not relate strongly to patient-experienced health status1. Consequently, we have a poor understanding of the health status of patients on waiting lists, and variation in general practitioner (GP) referral practices leads to differences in apparent need. Simple target-setting is therefore also divorced from NHS equity goals. In this paper we suggest a way forward. We describe moves towards explicit prioritization of patients in other countries, particularly New Zealand. These experiences suggest new directions for the NHS—and pitfalls to avoid.

Box 1 summarizes the benefits and drawbacks of explicit prioritization in principle. The NHS is not pursuing improved waiting-list management in isolation2,3: explicit criteria for prioritizing access to surgery have been or are being implemented to varying degrees in several countries, including the UK4,5,6,7,8,9. However, to date, there has been little opportunity to evaluate the successes and failures of these systems in practice10. Experience in New Zealand provides an opportunity to explore the outcomes of explicit prioritization.
Statistics without probability: Significance testing as typicality and exchangeability in data analysis
Authors: John R. Vokey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Statistical significance is almost universally equated with the attribution to some population of nonchance influences as the source of structure in the data. But statistical significance can be divorced from both parameter estimation and probability as, instead, a statement about the atypicality or lack of exchangeability over some distinction of the data relative to some set. From this perspective, the criticisms of significance tests evaporate.
NHS trusts don't meet standards expected for children in hospital
Authors: Robert Short
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) inhibitors should be used only as the last choice after other types of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve chronic pain in people with heart disease or at high risk of it, the American Heart Association has recommended.Its statement, published online in Circulation on 26 February (http://circ.ahajournals.orgdoi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.181424), was designed to end any remaining confusion about the cardiovascular risk of these agents.The association has recommended a stepped approach to treatment.The first step should be non-pharmacological approaches, such as physical therapy and weight loss, for patients with known cardiovascular disease or with risk factors for ischaemic heart disease.Drug treatment should start with agents with the lowest reported risk of cardiovascular events, before other agents are prescribed, and at each step account should be taken of the risk-benefit balance.First line drug choices include paracetamol (acetaminophen), aspirin, tramadol, and short term use of other narcotic analgesics.If these fail to achieve adequate pain control, the next option is non-acetylated salicylates, such as naproxen.The association recommended NSAIDs that aren't COX 2 inhibitors if pain is still inadequately controlled, then NSAIDs with some COX 2 activity as the next step, and lastly COX 2 selective NSAIDs.The committee considered the risk of all three of these classes to be sufficiently high to require that patients taking them should be monitored regularly for sustained hypertension (or worsening of prior blood pressure control), oedema, worsening renal function, or gastrointestinal bleeding.See pp 436, 450. Save COX 2 inhibitors till last for cardiac patientsUK NEWS HFEA allows women to donate eggs for research, p445 World NEWS repeal law that puts "FdA on the payroll of the industry", p447 bmj.comUK government defeated on community treatment forms
Frank J. Rauscher, Jr, PhD
Authors: Allen Vegotsky
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Changing to generic formulary: how one fundholding practice reduced prescribing costs
Authors: J. S Dowell, D. Snadden, J. A Dunbar
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To observe one general practice9s attempt to reduce prescribing costs on becoming third wave fundholders through the introduction of a generic formulary applied to all new and repeat prescribing. To assess the impact on patients and prescribing patterns. <b>Design</b>: An observational study using interviews with patients and practitioners; questionnaires for patients and prescribing data. <b>Setting</b>: One urban general practice with five partners in Scotland. It became fundholding in April 1993. <b>Subjects</b>: 71 searches of the register of repeat prescriptions identified 1274 potential changes in drugs. Questionnaires were sent to a stratified random sample of 280 patients four months after the changes were made; 33 interviews were conducted with 17 patients selected by local pharmacists to represent a wide range of opinion. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Changes in prescribing and response and satisfaction of patients. <b>Results</b>: Of intended changes, 129 (70%) were in place after four months. Thirty three (20%) of the 167 patients who returned questionnaires were "very unhappy," though interviews suggested that this was primarily with the communication they received rather than the change itself. Generic prescribing rose from one in three (37%) to over a half (58%). The volume of treatment dispensed (as treatment days) fell by 67674 (10.7%), and the average cost per day9s treatment fell by 3.1p from 32.3p per day in 1992 (9.4%), producing a total absolute saving of 24% (pounds sterling137712) over the first year. <b>Conclusion</b>: This practice has achieved a large reduction in prescribing costs rapidly. These were tolerated by patients, none of whom is thought to have left the practice for this reason. Great care must be taken to inform patients appropriately. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages Financial incentives are increasingly being used to encourage cheaper prescribing It seems that patients will accept large scale changes, at least within the context of fundholding The introduction of such changes should be carefully planned, particularly the way in which patients are informed There is a need for more research into the balance between prescribing expenditure and the provision of other services
Abstract P6-08-11: Count us, know us, join us global survey: Comparing the feelings and needs of advanced breast cancer patients in the United States with patients in Latin America, Europe, and Asia
Authors: H Miller, D Percassi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Advanced breast cancer (stage III and stage IV/metastatic) (ABC) is the most serious form of breast cancer, with nearly 250,000 people across the globe living with the disease. Because ABC often metastasizes to the brain, bone, or liver, it has important health implications, requires life-long treatment, and is usually fatal. Support needs for this patient group are unique, yet rarely met. Hoping to identify new approaches to meeting the needs of this community, a global survey was commissioned by Novartis Oncology in partnership with the global advocacy community. Method: Harris Interactive conducted an online survey between October 2012 and March 2013. It was completed by 1,273 female metastatic breast cancer patients ages 21+ from 12 countries (United States [US], Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, India, Lebanon, Taiwan, and Hong Kong). Total sample data are not weighted and are representative only of the individuals surveyed. A global post-weight was applied to ensure that all countries received an equal weight in the global and regional data. Results: Patients in the US (70%) are more likely than patients in most other countries surveyed to feel isolated from the non-metastatic community (40% globally). In addition, US patients (73%) are significantly more likely than their counterparts in most other countries to often feel that no one understands what they are going through (63% globally). Patients in the US (53%) are also more likely than those in most other countries to say that support from friends and family has diminished since their initial advanced diagnosis (41% globally), and employed US patients (34%) are more likely than those in many other countries to believe their colleagues look at them differently as a result of their metastatic breast cancer (17% globally). Women in the US were most likely to be actively seeking information (97%) compared with patients in other countries (77% globally). Although more US women patients are active information seekers, they are most likely to be unsatisfied with the information that is currently available compared to patients in the other countries (31%; 51% globally). Conclusions: Despite the significant amount of attention paid to breast cancer in the US and the resources available, many US women with metastatic breast cancer feel more alone and isolated than do their counterparts in most other countries surveyed. These US women are also significantly more likely than their counterparts in other countries to often feel as though no one understands what they are going through. More needs to be done to help women in the US feel supported emotionally throughout their entire ABC journey. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-08-11.
Hormone replacement treatment: Author's reply
Authors: P. Belchetz
Journal: BMJ (1989)

SIR,-Dr Paul Belchetz reviewed the advantages and risks of oestrogen replacement therapy and pointed to the advantages of percutaneous or subcutaneous routes of delivery.Even so, a casual reader could be forgiven for concluding that oral therapy with so called "natural oestrogens" is safe, but is it?These oestrogenic preparations are natural to horses rather than humans, and, furthermore, they undergo substantial change in the gut and liver before entering the systemic circulation.Can we really be reassured that oral oestrogens reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity?Unfortunately, in the published case-control and cohort studies comparison is not between like and like.Study groups invariably contain more health conscious women, at low risk from death from all causes other than suicide.2There are fewer smokers or obese or hypertensive women and their exercise and dietary habits are likely to be more favourable than those of the controls.Even so, the Framingham study showed an increase in cardiovascular morbidity.3This long running study included more older patients and should not be ignored.Why should oral oestrogens, given together with 12 days of progestogen, not carry similar risks to oral contraceptive steroids?Given the available alternatives, should we not be circumspect, especially for women judged to be at high risk?Nor should we underrate the potential for inducing breast cancer.Too few studies continued long enough to give meaningful results.The Louisville study, however, suggests an increasing risk when oestrogens are taken for more than 12 years and that the risk increases with duration of use.4This accords with what we know of the natural biology of the disease.All patients, especially those with a first degree family history, should know of this possible risk and cooperate with careful follow up examinations, including mammography.Anyone who is now more con- fused may find more help by reading Hunt et al.2