tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sustained Efficacy and Safety Of a Pre-coseasonal 300IR 5-grass Pollen SLIT Tablet Over 3 Pollen Seasons In Adult SAR
Authors: A. Didier, M. Worm, F. Horak, M. Mélac, O. De Beaumont, M. Le Gall, A. Montagut, S. Galvain, H. Malling
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Reactions to acid in the intestine in health and disease.
Authors: K G Wormsley
Journal: Gut (1971)

bile into the duodenum'1, but that this effect is much more frequently observed in response to jejunal than to duodenal acidification11 28 so that the juice secreted in response to acid in the duodenum is often free from bile pigment11, presumably because cholecystokinesis is inhibited.
Determinants of personal ultraviolet radiation exposure doses on a sun holiday
Authors: R. Roelandts
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Determinants of personal ultraviolet radiation exposure doses on a sun holiday Get access R. Roelandts R. Roelandts Photodermatology Unit University Hospital St Rafael Kapucijnenvoer 33 3000 Leuven Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 168, Issue 5, 1 May 2013, Page 927, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12298 Published: 01 May 2013
Reproducing abnormal cholesterol biosynthesis as seen in the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome by inhibiting the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol in rats.
Authors: G Xu, G Salen, S Shefer, G C Ness, T S Chen, Z Zhao, G S Tint
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is a recessive inherited disorder characterized by neurologic developmental defects and dysmorphic features in many organs.Recently, abnor- mal cholesterol biosynthesis with impaired conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol has been discovered in homozygotes.To reproduce the biochemical abnormality, BM 15.766, a competitive inhibitor of 7-dehydrocholesterol-A7-reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol into cholesterol was fed by gavage to rats.After 14 d, plasma cholesterol concentrations declined from 48 mg/dl to 16 mg/dl and 7-dehydro-cholesterol levels rose from trace to 17 mg/dl.Hepatocytes surrounding the central vein developed balloon necrosis.Stimulating choles- terol synthesis with cholestyramine followed by BM 15.766 produced an additional 40% decline (P < 0.05) in plasma cholesterol and 34% increase in 7-dehydrocholesterol levels compared to the inhibitor alone.Adding 2% cholesterol to the diet during the second week of BM 15.766 treatment increased plasma cholesterol threefold and decreased 7-de- hydrocholesterol concentrations 55 %.Hepatic 3-hydroxy-3methylglutaryl co-enzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity increased 73% with a 3.9-fold rise in mRNA levels but cho- lesterol 7a-hydroxylase activity decreased slightly though mRNA levels increased 1.4 times with BM 15.766 treatment.These results demonstrate that BM 15.766 is a potent inhibitor of 7-dehydrocholesterol-A7-reductase.The model repro- duces abnormal cholesterol biosynthesis as seen in the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome and is useful to test different treatment strategies.Stimulating early steps of cholesterol synthesis worsens the biochemical abnormalities while feed- ing cholesterol inhibits abnormal synthesis, improves the biochemical abnormalities and prevents liver damage.(
Impact of rosiglitazone and glyburide on nitrosative stress and myocardial blood flow regulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Rodica Pop-Busui, Elif Oral, David Raffel, Jaeman Byun, Valida Bajirovic, Anuradha Vivekanandan-Giri, Aaron Kellogg, Subramaniam Pennathur, Martin J. Stevens
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Angiotensin II binding sites in individual segments of the rat nephron.
Authors: S K Mujais, S Kauffman, A I Katz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

The sites of action of angiotensin II along the nephron are not well defined and both proximal and distal effects are suggested. Using a microassay that permits measurement of hormone binding in discrete tubule segments, we determined the binding sites of 125I-angiotensin II along the nephron of Sprague-Dawley rats. Specific binding in proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) (at 25 degrees C, pH 7.4) was linearly related to tubule length and saturable, with an apparent maximal binding capacity of approximately 300 amol X cm-1. Binding specificity was verified in competition experiments that revealed significant (P less than 0.001) and comparable competition for radioligand binding by angiotensin II and angiotensin precursor, metabolite, and analogues, whereas unrelated peptides of similar size (bradykinin, ACTH [1-10]) were without effect. The profile of specific angiotensin II binding along the nephron was: PCT, 216 +/- 13; pars recta, 86 +/- 14; medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, 46 +/- 8; cortical thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, 77 +/- 8; distal convoluted tubule, 49 +/- 10; cortical collecting tubule, 15 +/- 1; medullary collecting tubule, 32 +/- 7 amol X cm-1. These results indicate the presence of specific angiotensin II binding sites in all tubule segments studied, but binding capacity was highest in the proximal convoluted tubule, in agreement with transport studies that localize the effects of the hormone in this segment.
Systemic Effects of Arctic Pollutants in Beluga Whales Indicated by CYP1A1 Expression
Authors: Joanna Y. Wilson, Suzy R. Cooke, Michael J. Moore, Daniel Martineau, Igor Mikaelian, Donald A. Metner, W. Lyle Lockhart, John J. Stegeman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is induced by exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and planar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) such as non-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In this study, we examined CYP1A1 protein expression immunohistochemically in multiple organs of beluga whales from two locations in the Arctic and from the St. Lawrence estuary. These beluga populations have some of the lowest (Arctic sites) and highest (St. Lawrence estuary) concentrations of PCBs in blubber of all cetaceans. Samples from these populations might be expected to have different contaminant-induced responses, reflecting their different exposure histories. The pattern and extent of CYP1A1 staining in whales from all three locations were similar to those seen in animal models in which CYP1A has been highly induced, indicating a high-level expression in these whales. CYP1A1 induction has been related to toxic effects of PHAHs or PAHs in some species. In St. Lawrence beluga, the high level of CYP1A1 expression coupled with high levels of contaminants (including CYP1A1 substrates, e.g., PAH procarcinogens potentially activated by CYP1A1) indicates that CYP1A1 could be involved in the development of neoplastic lesions seen in the St. Lawrence beluga population. The systemic high-level expression of CYP1A1 in Arctic beluga suggests that effects of PAHs or PHAHs may be expected in Arctic populations, as well. The high-level expression of CYP1A1 in the Arctic beluga suggests that this species is highly sensitive to CYP1A1 induction by aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists.
The Clinical Physiology of Water Metabolism
Authors: Charles R. Kleeman, Marshal P. Fichman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

IN normal man osmolality, or concentration of osmotically active solutes in body fluids or total body water, is remarkably constant despite large variations in water and solute intake and excretion. Every kilogram of body water contains 285 to 290 milliosmoles of solute consisting primarily of salts of sodium in extracellular and of potassium in intracellular fluids. The identical osmolality of intracellular and extracellular fluids is produced by free movement of water across all cellular and subcellular membranes, governed only by the physical forces of osmosis and diffusion. The single exception is control of water permeability by antidiuretic hormone (ADH) at . . .
Treatment-Induced Changes in Tumor Oxygenation Predict Photodynamic Therapy Outcome
Authors: Hsing-Wen Wang, Mary E. Putt, Michael J. Emanuele, Daniel B. Shin, Eli Glatstein, Arjun G. Yodh, Theresa M. Busch
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) requires oxygen to cause tumor damage, yet therapy itself can deplete or enhance tumor oxygenation. In the present work we measured the PDT-induced change in tumor oxygenation and explored its utility for predicting long-term response to treatment. The tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2) of murine tumors was noninvasively measured by broadband diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. In initial validation studies, the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve for mouse blood was accurately recreated based on measurements during deoxygenation of a tissue phantom of mouse erythrocytes. In vivo studies exhibited excellent correlation between carbogen-induced changes in SO2 and pO2 of radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors measured by reflectance spectroscopy and the Eppendorf pO2 histograph, respectively. In PDT studies radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumor SO2 was measured immediately before and after Photofrin-PDT (135 J/cm2, 38 mW/cm2). Animals were subsequently followed for tumor growth to a volume of 400 mm3 (time-to-400 mm3) or the presence of tumor cure (no tumor growth at 90 days after treatment). In animals that recurred, the PDT-induced change in tumor SO2, i.e., relative-SO2 (SO2 after PDT/SO2 before PDT) was positively correlated with treatment durability (time-to-400 mm3). The predictive value of relative-SO2 was confirmed in a second group of animals with enhanced pre-PDT oxygenation due to carbogen breathing. Furthermore, when all of the animals were considered (those that recurred and those that were cured) a highly significant association was found between increasing relative-SO2 and increasing probability of survival, i.e., absence of recurrence. As independent variables, the SO2 after PDT, the pre-PDT tumor volume, and light penetration depth all failed to predict response. As an independent variable, the SO2 before PDT demonstrated a weak negative association with treatment durability; this association was driven by a correlation between decreasing pre-PDT SO2 and increasing relative-SO2. These data suggest that monitoring of PDT-induced changes in tumor oxygenation may be a valuable prognostic indicator.
Adjuvant Cisplatin and Docetaxel for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Experience
Authors: Jared Weiss, Beth Eaby, James Stevenson, John Kucharczuk, Joel Cooper, Larry Kaiser, Joseph Shrager, Ramesh Rengan, Corey Langer, Tracey Evans
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
VACCINE THERAPY FOR GENERAL PRACTITIONERS
Authors: JOHN H. RICHARDS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The first record<sup>1</sup>of induction of active immunity for therapy was about two hundred years ago when it was learned that the orientals were practicing immunization against small-pox by means of inoculation of a little small-pox virus under the skin. From this rather hazardous procedure developed the use of the less dangerous and milder virus of cowpox by Jenner<sup>2</sup>in 1796. The next work of importance was that of Pasteur,<sup>3</sup>who developed a mild and at the same time an immunizing attack of anthrax by inoculating animals with anthrax bacilli which had been grown at a temperature of 43 C. (109.4 F.). Since this advancement many different methods of active immunization have been developed. These methods have been well classified by Bolduan<sup>4</sup>as follows: <h3>1. Living Cultures of the Virus:</h3> Usually the cultures are attenuated, but there are some exceptions. A number of different methods have
Rabies Vaccination-Reply
Authors: Thomas R. Eng
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We disagree with a number of Dr Diamond's statements about rabies and rabies postexposure prophylaxis. Postexposure prophylaxis failures with rabies immune globulin<i>and</i>cell-culture vaccines (eg, human diploid cell rabies vaccine [HDCV]) are rare occurrences. As stated in the editorial note of the LEADS FROM THE MMWR article that appeared in<i>JAMA</i>, only two laboratory-confirmed cases of rabies occurring despite administration of rabies immune globulin and HDCV within 24 hours of exposure have been reported during the ten-year period that cell-culture vaccines have been used worldwide. We have been in communication with Dr Wasi regarding eight other possible cases of rabies despite postexposure prophylaxis with rabies immune globulin and cell-culture vaccine. However, none of these patients had received rabies immune globulin and cell-culture vaccine within 24 hours of exposure. In addition, it is unclear how rabies immune globulin and vaccine were administered, what type of local wound care
AB0323 Household Work Disability of Moroccan Housewives with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: I. Ben Slama, F. Allali, S. El Kabbaj, T. Lakhdar, L. Medrare, A. Ngeuleu, H. Rkain, N. Hajjaj-Hassouni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> There have been few studies on the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the work of the household. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on women in Moroccan home. <h3>Methods</h3> Demographic data, clinical and biological characteristics of the disease were collected. Depression was assessed by HAD questionnaire (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Working from home has been assessed by a multiple choice questionnaire [1] (no problems, some problems, many difficulties and disabilities) on the following items: the ability to do household chores, cleaning the house, washing floor, washing the dishes, cooking, and caring for children and husband. Women who failed to achieve at least one household activity were considered unable to domestic work and they were compared to those who have no such disability. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with this disability for domestic work. <h3>Results</h3> 90 women (mean age 49.7±11.4 years) with Rheumatoid arthritis were included. The disease9s median duration was 8 years [4,14], the median of DAS28-ESR was 4.27±1.75 and median of HAQ was 0.5 [0, 1, 37]. The inability to domestic work was found in 31 patients (34.5%), this inability related to the following items: do household activities (23.3%), clean the house (26.7%), wash the floor (34.4%), caring for children and husband (14.4%), washing dishes (26.7%) and cook ( 17.8%). In univariate analysis the inability of domestic work was associated with high disease activity (OR =2.23, p&lt;0.0001), a significant pain intensity (OR =1.03, p=0.001), with morning stiffness prolonged (OR =1.015, p=0.005), a significant functional impairment (OR =7.25, p&lt;0.0001) and depression (OR =1.09, p=0.003). After multivariate analysis, factors that remained significantly associated with the inability of domestic work were higher HAQ (OR =6.72, p&lt;0.0001) and DAS28 - ESR increased (OR =2.05, p=0.003). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We conclude that RA is highly predictive of homemaking disability in moroccan women, especially those with active RA and significant functional impairment. <h3>References</h3> Household work disability of Arab houseswives with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2007. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5812
Letter by Wiggers et al Regarding Article by Tuunanen et al, “Free Fatty Acid Depletion Acutely Decreases Cardiac Work and Efficiency in Cardiomyopathic Heart Failure”
Authors: Henrik Wiggers, Mads Halbirk, Helene Nørrelund
Journal: Circulation (2007)

To the Editor:Tuunanen et al 1 report that in patients with heart failure, an acute reduction in circulating free fatty acids depresses cardiac function.These results are different from findings by our group 2 ; they also seem to diverge from observations by Mäki et al. 3 We believe that the findings of Tuunanen et al should be interpreted with caution because the results can be biased by limitations in the study design.Both in healthy subjects and in patients, an 8-mL decrease in stroke volume was observed between the initial echocardiography (baseline) and 4 to 5 hours later after treatment with acipimox.A placebo arm was not included; therefore, a potential explanation of the decrease in stroke volume observed in controls and patients is a systematic period effect occurring during the course of the study day. 4 This is consistent with the duration of the resting state, a decrease in circulating catecholamines, and changes in preload.
Ambulatory Holter Electrocardiography
Authors: CHARLES L. FELDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1985Ambulatory Holter ElectrocardiographyCHARLES L. FELDMAN, SC.D., MARK HUBELBANK, SC.D.CHARLES L. FELDMAN, SC.D.Search for more papers by this author, MARK HUBELBANK, SC.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-863_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent article by Morganroth (1) succeeds well in presenting a balanced view of both the medical and technological aspects of Holter monitoring. Considering the challenges of understanding the current Holter technology and presenting it in a manner comprehensible to the average physician, Dr. Morganroth is to be particularly commended. We find only a few relatively minor or subtle misconceptions that we want to clear up.Speed and stability are rarely a problem in a modern cassette recorder when the tape is played back on one of the more sophisticated systems. A properly designed system uses the...References1. MORGANROTH J. Ambulatory Holter electrocardiography: choice of technologies and clinical use. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:73-81. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MONSTERO'CONNORCHAN ADM. Rapid scanning of ambulatory ECG recordings using several computers operating in parallel. In: Computers in Cardiology. vol. 5. Long Beach, California; IEEE Computer Society; 1978. Google Scholar3. SCHLUTERCLAPHAMMERTENSMOCKAITISMORTARA PDJAD. The design and evaluation of a computer based system for Holter tape analysis. In: Computers in Cardiology. vol. II. Long Beach, California: IEEE Computer Society; 1984. Google Scholar4. FELDMAN C. How should Holter monitoring analysis be performed? In: MORGANROTH J, MOORE EN, et al., eds. Evaluation of New Anti-arrhythmic Drugs. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff; 1981. CrossrefGoogle Scholar1. MORGANROTH J. Ambulatory Holter electrocardiography: choice of technologies and clinical uses. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:73-81. LinkGoogle Scholar1. MORGANROTH J. Ambulatory Holter electrocardiography: choice of technologies and clinical uses. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:73-81. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: CardioData Corporation Northboro, MA 01532 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1985Volume 102, Issue 6Page: 863-864KeywordsElectrocardiography Issue Published: 1 June 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Carcinoembryonic Antigen Assay
Authors: JOANNA F. HAAS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1978Carcinoembryonic Antigen AssayJOANNA F. HAAS, M.D.JOANNA F. HAAS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-3-424_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Discussions on the use of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay to detect malignant pleural effusion and malignant ascites (1, 2) would benefit from explicit summary of measures of the test's usefulness: sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values.Sensitivity, the proportion of true positives correctly identified by the test, and specificity, the proportion of true negatives correctly identified by the test, are ascertained by recategorizing patients whose diagnostic status has been independently confirmed. In the papers cited (1, 2), pleural effusions and ascites of demonstrably malignant origin are distinguished from those in which malignant origin is not...References1. RITTGERSLOEWENSTEINFEINERMANKUPCHIKMARCELKOFFZAMCHECK RMAHBRN: Carcinoembryonic antigen levels in benign and malignant pleural effusions. Ann Intern Med 88:631-634, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar2. LOEWENSTEINRITTGERSFEINERMANKUPCHIKMARCELKOFFZAMCHECK MRAHBRN: Carcinoembryonic antigen assay of ascites and detection of malignancy. Ann Intern Med 88:635-638, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar3. GALENGAMBINO RS: Beyond Normality: The Predictive Value and Efficiency of Medical Diagnoses. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1975 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cornell University Medical College New York, NY 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCarcinomatous and Tuberculous Pleural EffusionsCarcinoembryonic Antigen Assay in Pleural EffusionsN. C. THOMSON, B. RANA, J. G. RATCLIFFE 1 September 1978Volume 89, Issue 3Page: 424-424KeywordsAscitesCarcinoembryonic antigenPleural effusionSpecificity Issue Published: 1 September 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Preventing pathological regression of blood vessels
Authors: Eli Keshet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Oxygen administration to premature infants suppresses retinal VEGF expression and results in the catastrophic vessel loss associated with retinopathy of prematurity. A study investigating the development of the retinal vasculature in mice (see related article on pages 50–57) demonstrates that specific activation of VEGF receptor-1 by placental growth factor-1 protects against oxygen-induced vessel loss without stimulating vascular proliferation and neovascularization.
Health Impact Assessment
Authors: Janet Collins, Jeffrey P. Koplan
Journal: JAMA (2009)

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