tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eruptive melanocytic nevi after Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Authors: Toru Shoji, Clay J. Cockerell, Amy Beth Koff, Jag Bhawan
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1997)

Widespread melanocytic nevi may rarely appear suddenly after a severe bullous disease. We describe two patients in whom eruptive melanocytic nevi developed 3 weeks after a severe episode of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Benign melanocytic proliferation may develop after a bullous dermatosis and should not be confused with malignant or metastatic melanoma.
Solitary Prolapsing Thrombosing Piles
Authors: S. Eisenhammer
Journal: BMJ (1947)

applicability or otherwise of your editorial comments to our work in this part of the world.It may also be of interest to your readers to know how the condemned policy actually works in the Pacific.Compulsory isolation of lepers in Fiji started in 1911 with the estab- lishment of a small " asylum " on the recently purchased island of Makogai.Up to the end of 1946, 738 patients, or over 25% of the 2,845 admissions, had been discharged as "arrested" (having shown no sign of leprotic activity for at least 2 years) in addition to 436 " improved " patients, many of whom would have undoubtedly gone on to " arrest " under continued treatment but who were repatriated to India at their own request.In a comparative study utilized in my handbook on Makogai, published in 1944, and reviewed in your columns, I pointed out
Streptococcus mutans endocarditis--a trap for the unwary.
Authors: A M Emmerson, S Eykyn
Journal: BMJ (1977)

for the development of any neurotoxicity, and also that hyperbilirubinaemia is a contributory factor.The controversy over absorption of HCP through the skin and central nervous system toxicology should be placed in proper per- spective and, as pointed out in your leading article, "the reasonable conclusion seems to be that . . . the data on treatment and blood level in neonates are so heterogeneous that they should be taken only as a general indicator and that blood concentrations in animals are a poor guide to those in man."After almost seven years of regulatory restriction one has yet to see any major deleterious effect when HCP is used in the recommended way.
Gallium-67-Citrate Uptake in a Case of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: MICHAEL S. KIPPER, ANDREW TAYLOR, WILLIAM L. ASHBURN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

A case of increased Ga-67 uptake in a patient with active acne vulgaris is reported. The scan was requested in a search for metastatic testicular carcinoma or bleomycin pulmonary toxicity. Careful clinical evaluation including physical examination was necessary in order to avoid an erroneous scan interpretation.
Management of invasive meningococcal disease in children and young people: summary of SIGN guidelines
Authors: U Theilen, L Wilson, G Wilson, J O Beattie, S Qureshi, D Simpson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Despite the successful introduction of immunisation with meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine in 1999,1 invasive meningococcal disease continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality.2 Most deaths occur in the first 24 hours, often before specialist care starts. The challenge therefore is to identify those patients who will progress rapidly from non-specific early presentation to life threatening disease.3 Major changes to the organisation of health care in the United Kingdom, particularly in the provision of resuscitation and paediatric intensive care, have been associated with dramatically improved outcomes over recent decades.4 5 However, lack of high quality evidence to inform changes in clinical practice has been a particular challenge in developing this evidence based guideline. This article summarises the most recent guidance from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) on the management of invasive meningococcal disease in children and young people.6 SIGN recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. The strength of the evidence is graded as A, B, C, or D (fig 1⇓), but the grading does not reflect the clinical importance of the recommendations. Recommended best practice ("good practice points"), based on the clinical experience of the guideline development group, is also indicated (as GPP). Fig 1 Explanation of SIGN grades of recommendations ### Signs and symptoms Invasive meningococcal disease has an early, non-specific stage with signs such as fever, lethargy, irritability, nausea, and poor feeding. These signs are commonly found in children with self limiting viral illnesses, so a confident differential diagnosis at an early stage is very difficult. Observational studies have associated leg pain, cold extremities, and abnormal skin colour with developing invasive meningococcal disease.7 This non-specific early stage commonly lasts for several hours before invasive meningococcal disease progresses rapidly to three general disease patterns8:
Antirheumatic activity of fenclofenac.
Authors: H Berry, A W Ford-Hutchinson, A V Camp, D Heywood, M G Molloy, D W James, E B Hamilton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

This study has set out to establish whether fenclofenac has an antirheumatic effect in addition to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. The results show that during the course of a 6-month study the drug improved clinical parameters, including the articular index, early morning stiffness, ring sizes, and grip strength, and produced changes in laboratory measurements such as the levels of C-reactive protein, IgG, and rheumatoid factor.
Weaning from Ventilatory Support
Authors: Steven E. Weinberger, J. Woodrow Weiss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Weaning from mechanical ventilation — the process of preparing for and eventually carrying out the removal of external ventilatory support — may be a simple task in patients with readily reversible forms of respiratory failure. In such cases, the transition from mechanical ventilation to unassisted breathing can be abrupt, and the patient can be extubated after a short but successful trial of unassisted breathing. All too often, however, the decision about when and how to remove external ventilatory support is not so straightforward. The physician must decide when it is appropriate to initiate weaning as well as which method to . . .
TREATMENT OF CHRONIC MYOCARDITIS.
Authors: JOHN H. MUSSER
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The condition to which attention is directed in this communication is one of chronic myocardial disease, a fibroid condition if you please, which results from, or is secondary to, sclerosis of the coronary arteries. It should be called coronary artery endarteritis, or chronic endarteritis of the coronary arteries with secondary myocarditis. This is the form which is to be kept in mind in discussing the details of treatment. It is not possible to pick out from the mass of humanity the individuals or class who are likely to be affected with this condition so as to apply measures of prevention. The patients only present themselves for treatment after the condition has become well established and our efforts are to be directed towards delaying the progress and alleviating the sufferings of the patient during the attacks of angina or dyspnea, or other myocardiac symptoms, which attend upon it, and adopting measures
The treatment of resistant warts with intralesional bleomycin: a controlled clinical trial
Authors: M.H. BUNNEY, M.W. NOLAN, P.K. BUXTON, S.M. GOING, R.J. PRESCOTT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

A controlled double‐blind trial was carried out on fifty‐nine matched pairs of hand warts in a group of twenty‐four patients, with proven resistance to treatment, to study the effectiveness of the intralesional injection of 0·1% solution of bleomycin sulphate in normal saline, compared with a normal saline placebo injected into the paired warts in the same patient. We found that 87·5% of patients showed a more favourable response to bleomycin (P<0·001); 76% of the fifty‐nine warts treated with bleomycin were cured by one to three injections of up to 0·2 ml of solution. Subsequently 75% of thirty‐two patients with resistant hand warts and 66% of fifteen patients with mosaic plantar warts were cured of all their warts. No Patient received more than 4 mg of bleomycin. No toxicity was experienced. Local pain was on the whole well tolerated. This form of treatment for resistant warts is reliable, safe and acceptable to patients.
Carotid Sinus Baroreceptor Reflex Effects upon Myocardial Contractility
Authors: HILAIRE DE GEEST, MATTHEW N. LEVY, HARRISON ZIESKE
Journal: Circulation Research (1964)

The reflex effects of stimulation of the carotid sinus baroreceptors on left atrial and ventricular performance have been studied in an auxotonic and an isovolumetric left heart preparation, which was innervated, though completely isolated hydraulically. Reflex changes of heart rate, arterial impedance, venous return, and level of circulating catecholamines were prevented from influencing cardiac performance. In the auxotonic preparation, stimulation of the carotid sinus baroreceptors decreased aortic pressure, cardiac output, and external left ventricular work. Simultaneously, mean left atrial pressure rose definitely. In the isovolumetric preparation, a decrease of the left ventricular peak systolic pressure was observed. These changes in atrial and ventricular dynamics were attributed primarily to a reflex negative inotropic effect directly upon the atrial and ventricular mycardium, mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. No definite changes in distensibility of the isovolumetric left ventricle were observed, although this could not be excluded in the auxotonic preparation. Primary changes in the coronary vascular bed were not considered to be responsible for the observed changes in atrial and ventricular dynamics.
Correlation of cholinergic abnormalities with senile plaques and mental test scores in senile dementia.
Authors: E K Perry, B E Tomlinson, G Blessed, K Bergmann, P H Gibson, R H Perry
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Necropsy brain tissue from normal (control) patients and patients with depression and dementia was examined for activities of various cholinergic components, and these related to the degree of senile plaque formation and extent of intellectual impairment. Choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities decreased significantly as the mean plaque count rose, and in depressed and demented subjects the reduction in choline acetyltransferase activity correlated with the extent of intellectual impairment as measured by a memory information test; muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding activity remained unchanged with increasing senile plaque formation but butyrylcholinesterase activity increased. The results suggest a close relation between changes in the cholinergic system and Alzheimer9s dementia, but the precise role of the system in this disease remains to be elucidated.
Computers and the Life Sciences
Authors: Edward N. Brandt
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Modern digital computers date from about 1949, but in this short period they have made contributions to almost all of man's activities. Because of the complexity and diversity of medical problems, it is not surprising that computers have been applied to many aspects of medicine. With the number of applications increasing, there is a genuine requirement for a single publication to introduce the physician to digital computers and their medical uses. This book fulfills this need. It is well written, informative, and interesting to read.  The authors have divided the book into four parts. The first of these is devoted to an introduction to the fundamentals of digital computing and computing equipment. This section contains numerous pictures and diagrams supporting the textual explanations. It is relatively nontechnical, but many readers may find too much detail included, especially regarding the input and output components. The second section, devoted to the processing
For debate: pet birds as an independent risk factor for lung cancer.
Authors: P. A. Holst, D. Kromhout, R. Brand
Journal: BMJ (1988)

To find out whether keeping birds in the home is an independent risk factor for lung cancer a case-control study was carried out in four main hospitals in The Hague, The Netherlands. Forty nine patients under 65 years of age with lung cancer each were matched for age and sex with two control subjects who attended the same general practice. Data were collected on social class, cigarette smoking, intake of beta carotene and vitamin C, and alcohol consumption. It was found that smoking, birdkeeping, and a low intake of vitamin C were significantly and independently related to the incidence of lung cancer. The odds ratio for lung cancer among people who keep birds as pets was estimated to be 6.7 after adjusting for smoking and vitamin C intake. The results of this study suggest that keeping pet birds is an independent risk factor for lung cancer.
Mite allergens in relation to home conditions and sensitization of asthmatic children from three climatic regions
Authors: A. K. M. Munir, B. Bjorksten, R. Einarsson, A. Ekstrand‐Tobin, C. Moller, A. Warner, N.‐I.M. Kjellman
Journal: Allergy (1995)

We investigated the levels of mite ( Der p I and Der f I) allergen in dust from bedrooms, living rooms, kitchens, and bathrooms from 130 homes of asthmatic children in three climatic zones of Sweden. Bedroom dust samples included the child's mattress, carpets, floors, and other plain surfaces. Living‐room dust samples were taken from sofas and other furniture, carpets, floors, and other plain surfaces. The allergen levels were related to home characteristics, including absolute indoor humidity (AIH), relative humidity (RH), and air changes per hour (ach). Mite allergen was detected in 62% of the homes. Levels of Der p I varied between &lt;16 ng and 50 μg/g dust, and Der f I between ≤16 ng and 73 μg/g dust. Because we have designed a composite type of dust collection in our study, the allergen levels found tend to average down the results. Mite allergen levels were higher in homes with dampness problems, in homes with a smoker, and in homes without a basement. Homes with high absolute humidity (7 g/kg) or relative humidity (45%) and poor ventilation (≤0.5 ach) contained higher levels of mite allergens than homes with lower humidity and better ventilation. However, the number of ach measurements in homes was not high, and few homes had ≤0.5 ach. Sensitization to house‐dust mites was more common in southern than in northern and central Sweden. High levels of house‐dust mite allergen in a temperate climate where mites are not ubiquitous are thus associated with dampness problems in homes and with tobacco smoking. Our data confirm and extend previous findings that high AIH and RH and poor ventilation increase the risk of mite infestation in homes. It seems to be important and necessary to control indoor humidity and ventilation levels, to avoid high mite allergen exposure in a temperate climate, because 34% of mite‐sensitized asthmatic children were exposed to levels of mite allergen &gt;2 μg/g dust in their homes. The study also shows that mite allergen levels below the suggested threshold level (2 μg/g dust) are associated with mite sensitivity in children with perennial symptoms of asthma.
Segmented Filamentous Bacteria Antigens Presented by Intestinal Dendritic Cells Drive Mucosal Th17 Cell Differentiation
Authors: Yoshiyuki Goto, Casandra Panea, Gaku Nakato, Anna Cebula, Carolyn Lee, Marta Galan Diez, Terri M. Laufer, Leszek Ignatowicz, Ivaylo I. Ivanov
Journal: Immunity (2014)
The Early Diagnosis of Spinal Tumours
Authors: H. J. G. Bloom, H. Ellis, W. B. Jennett
Journal: BMJ (1955)

MEASLESMunM might further reveal a general principle of value in determining the choice of antibacterial drugs for pro- phylactic or curative use, especially in virus infections.I wish to thank the librarian of the Royal Society of Medicine for his help in connexion with the references to previous work on this subject.
ACCF/AHA/SCAI 2007 Update of the Clinical Competence Statement on Cardiac Interventional Procedures
Authors: Spencer B. King, Thomas Aversano, William L. Ballard, Robert H. Beekman, Michael J. Cowley, Stephen G. Ellis, David P. Faxon, Edward L. Hannan, John W. Hirshfeld, Alice K. Jacobs, Mirle A. Kellett, Stephen E. Kimmel, Joel S. Landzberg, Louis S. McKeever, Mauro Moscucci, Richard M. Pomerantz, Karen M. Smith, George W. Vetrovec, Mark A. Creager, John W. Hirshfeld, David R. Holmes, L. Kristin Newby, Howard H. Weitz, Geno Merli, Ileana Piña, George P. Rodgers, Cynthia M. Tracy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Who should receive Tamiflu for swine flu?
Authors: C. Ellis, R. McEwen
Journal: BMJ (2009)

People with severe disease or risk factors, until the population is vaccinated

The response to the arrival of swine flu in the United Kingdom is unprecedented. In the past, epidemics of infectious diseases have been countered by mass vaccination, never before by mass chemotherapy. Detailed instructions that are modified daily on testing, prophylaxis, and treatment have come from the national Health Protection Agency (HPA) to primary care practitioners via the internet. This strategy could not have been attempted without the internet, and a substantial proportion of the population had to be sufficiently afraid of swine flu for people to readily accept, indeed often demand, a medicine that its prescribers had no previous experience of.

Chemoprophylaxis makes sense when the prophylactic agent is both efficacious and safe, when the disease it is intended to prevent can have serious consequences, and when the epidemic is at a stage when prophylaxis would prevent infection in most of the population until an effective vaccine became available; otherwise it just delays the inevitable. Does experience of the epidemic in the UK support the chemoprophylaxis strategy or is it better to revert to the more conventional one of treating cases as they arise?

Randomised controlled trials provide evidence on the safety and efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors in the prophylaxis of seasonal flu. Two forms of prophylaxis were tested—prolonged daily dosing regardless of exposure taken throughout the risk period and prophylaxis after household contact with a known case. The reported efficacy was 74% (95% …
OSMOTIC HOMEOSTASIS MAINTAINED BY MAMMALIAN LIVER, KIDNEY, AND OTHER TISSUES
Authors: Eugene L. Opie, Mary B. Rothbard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1953)

Osmotic pressure maintained by liver or kidney tissue measured by its water equilibrium with solutions of sodium chloride remains unchanged from 5 minutes up to 1(1/2) hours following removal of the tissue from the body. Then with autolytic increase of molecular concentration within the cytoplasm of cells it reaches a higher level. Osmotic pressure maintained by pancreas or submaxillary gland, as ascertained in the same way, remains unchanged during (1/2) hour and later increases. Liver tissue of rat, mouse, guinea pig, rabbit, and cat maintains an osmotic pressure greater than twice that of the blood, and kidney tissue maintains an osmotic pressure somewhat less than twice that of blood. Fasting throughout a period of 7 days has little influence upon osmotic pressure maintained by cells of liver or kidney. Low protein diet has been found to depress osmotic pressure of liver cells after about 4 weeks, and with degenerative changes in the parenchyma, notably fatty infiltration, this pressure has remained at a diminished level during approximately 90 days. Increase of pressure within the common bile duct and the changes following biliary obstruction are accompanied by depression of the osmotic pressure maintained by liver tissue and ligation of the ureter diminishes the osmotic pressure maintained by kidney tissue. In both instances osmotic pressure tends later to rise to its former level. The osmotic pressure maintained by liver or by kidney tissue preserves an approximately uniform level under normal conditions and may be little changed by conspicuous injury to the organ. When this osmotic homeostasis is impaired by severe injury the pressure maintained by the tissue returns to its former level with recovery from the injury.
Multifunctional hollow CaF2:Yb3+/Er3+/Mn2+-poly(2-Aminoethyl methacrylate) microspheres for Pt(IV) pro-drug delivery and tri-modal imaging
Authors: Xiaoran Deng, Yunlu Dai, Jianhua Liu, Ying Zhou, Ping'an Ma, Ziyong Cheng, Yinyin Chen, Kerong Deng, Xuejiao Li, Zhiyao Hou, Chunxia Li, Jun Lin
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Abstract 3648: Proteomic profiling of vorinostat in breast cancer
Authors: Patrick G. Shaw, Raghothama Chearkady, Akhilesh Pandey, Nancy Davidson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The lysine deacetylase (KDAC) inhibitor, vorinostat or suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), is currently being used for treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, however, its anti-breast cancer effects are under evaluation. SAHA's pluripotent effect on histone and non-histone lysine acetylation across cancer types raises the theoretical concern that it could both re-express epigenetically silenced tumor suppressors and activate oncogenic pathways as well. In order to investigate the potential role of SAHA in tumor suppressor, cell death and signaling pathways, we used quantitative mass spectrometric analysis of MCF10A normal mammary epithelial cells and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with SAHA for 12 and 24 hours. We observed downregulation of EGFR, Ephrin type A receptors and cell cycle proteins including CDC2 and CDC42 protein kinase, which is consistent with anti-tumor activity. We found that SAHA treatment also promoted activation of proteins including Ephrin type B receptors, STAT3 and p120 Catenin. Such molecular effects must be characterized in greater detail in order to determine the potential efficacy of this drug in breast cancer. Our findings show that SAHA-mediated inhibition of KDACs results in a wide range of downstream consequences in mammary epithelial and breast cancer cells. Candidate molecules identified in this study can be used as biomarkers to assay the breast cancer response to SAHA. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3648.
To the Editor, 'The British Journal of Dermatology'.
Authors: M. Ruiter
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1954)

Journal Article To the Editor, 'The British Journal of Dermatology'. Get access M. Ruiter M. Ruiter Department of Dermatology University of Groningen (The Netherlands): September, 1954 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 66, Issue 12, 1 December 1954, Page 459, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1954.tb12582.x Published: 01 December 1954