tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transforming growth factor-? receptor II is preferentially expressed in the companion layer of the human anagen hair follicle
Authors: H.M. Sowden, R.O.S. Karoo, D.J. Tobin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta is a multifunctional growth factor with multiple roles in skin including hair follicle development and cycling, where it regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, as well as in wound healing. While TGF-beta receptor I (TGF-beta RI) and receptor II (TGF-beta RII) expression helps define early human hair follicle morphogenesis, expression in the adult human hair follicle remains to be established.To assess TGF-beta receptor expression in human scalp anagen hair follicles.Immunohistochemical and double immunofluorescence analysis of TGF-beta RI and RII was conducted on frozen sections of haired human scalp obtained from 10 healthy individuals.TGF-beta RI expression was detected in the outer root sheath of anagen hair follicles while TGF-beta RII was expressed almost exclusively in the companion layer of inner root sheath and less so in premedulla keratinocytes. Both receptors were colocalized in the companion layer of the proximal and mid follicle.The well-described role of TGF-beta in keratinocyte apoptosis during catagen is likely to involve anagen-specific hair follicle components including the companion layer, as this layer provides the slippage plane supporting the inner root sheath and hair shaft as they ascend to the skin surface. Results of this study suggest that the colocalization of TGF-beta RI/RII complexes at the companion layer would facilitate TGF-beta signalling at this site to regulate apoptosis of the companion layer keratinocytes, facilitating shrinkage/contraction of this cell layer during hair follicle regression/catagen.
Presynaptic dopamine function in striatum of neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients
Authors: J. Hietala, E. Syvälahti, M. Kuoppamäki, J. Hietala, E. Syvälahti, M. Haaparanta, M. Kuoppamäki, U. Ruotsalainen, K. Vuorio, V. Räkköläinen, J. Bergman, O. Solin, O. Kirvelä, R.K.R. Salokangas
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
Detailed analysis of p53 pathway defects in fludarabine-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): dissecting the contribution of 17p deletion, TP53 mutation, p53-p21 dysfunction, and miR34a in a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Thorsten Zenz, Sonja Häbe, Tina Denzel, Julia Mohr, Dirk Winkler, Andreas Bühler, Antonio Sarno, Silja Groner, Daniel Mertens, Raymonde Busch, Michael Hallek, Hartmut Döhner, Stephan Stilgenbauer
Journal: Blood (2009)
Leukemia in an Infant Born of a Mother with Leukemia
Authors: Henry G. Cramblett, John L. Friedman, Samir Najjar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE literature contains many reports of patients with leukemia who have had pregnancies terminating successfully in the birth of normal infants.1 , 2 Thus far, no child born of a mother with leukemia has been observed to have the same disease.3 , 4 The present report concerns an infant in whom acute lymphocytic leukemia developed at nine months of age. The mother had signs and symptoms of leukemia beginning in the seventh month of pregnancy, although the diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia was not established until eight days post partum.Case ReportsCase 1. J.C.M. (S.U.I.H. 57–8059), a 32-year-old housewife, was admitted to the . . .
Subcutaneous calcium heparin versus intravenous sodium heparin in treatment of established acute deep vein thrombosis of the legs: a multicentre prospective randomised trial.
Authors: M G Walker, J W Shaw, G J Thomson, J G Cumming, M L Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1987)

One hundred patients with phlebographically proved acute deep vein thrombosis of the legs were prospectively randomised into two treatment groups to compare the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous calcium heparin versus intravenous sodium heparin administered by constant infusion pump. The dose of heparin was determined by daily measurement of the kaolin cephalin clotting time. Treatment was maintained for up to 14 days, after which phlebography was repeated. Of 49 patients who received subcutaneous calcium heparin, two showed an increase in thrombus size, while eight showed complete lysis. In the 47 patients who received intravenous sodium heparin thrombus increased in size in 13 while only one showed evidence of complete lysis. These differences were significant. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of serious complications, although almost half of those receiving intravenous heparin had some minor problem with the constant infusion pump and just over half of those receiving subcutaneous heparin had some bruising at the injection site. This study showed that subcutaneous calcium heparin was more effective in helping lyse existing thrombus and preventing its propagation than intravenous sodium heparin.
Role of ammonia in the pathogenesis of the gastritis, hypergastrinaemia, and hyperpepsinogenaemia I caused by Helicobacter pylori infection.
Authors: A M el Nujumi, P A Rowe, S Dahill, C A Dorrian, W D Neithercut, K E McColl
Journal: Gut (1992)

Studies were performed in patients with and without renal failure to investigate the role of bacterial ammonia production in the pathogenesis of the mucosal abnormalities caused by Helicobacter pylori. The high rate of H pylori ammonia production in uraemic patients should accentuate any ammonia induced effects. The median (range) gastric juice ammonium concentration in the H pylori positive patients with renal failure was 19 mmol/l (II-43) compared with 5 mmol/l (1-11) in the H pylori positive patients without renal failure (p &lt; 0.005). In the H pylori negative patients the values were 3 mmol/l (0.5-11) and 0.7 mmol/l (0.1-1.4) respectively in the patients with and without renal failure (p &lt; 0.01). Despite the much higher ammonia production in the H pylori positive uraemic patients, the nature and severity of their gastritis was the same as that in the H pylori positive non-uraemic patients. The median (range) fasting serum gastrin concentration was raised in the uraemic patients compared with the non-uraemic patients but was similar in the uraemic patients with (95 pmol/l (52-333)) or without (114 pmol/l (47-533)) H pylori infection. The median (range) serum pepsinogen I concentration was also high in the uraemic compared with the non-uraemic patients and was significantly higher in uraemic patients with H pylori (352 ng/ml, range 280-653) than in those without H pylori infection (165 ng/ml, range 86-337) (p &lt; 0.01). These findings indicate that the gastritis and hypergastrinaemia associated with H pylori infection are not the result of mucosal damage induced by the organism9s ammonia production.
The role of accessibility policies and other determinants of health care provision in the initial prognosis of malignant melanoma: A cross-sectional study
Authors: David Moreno-Ramírez, Teresa Ojeda-Vila, Juan J Ríos-Martín, Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverde, Magdalena de-Troya, Andres Sanz-Trelles, Rafael Fúnez Liébana, José M Martínez-de-Victoria, Jose Aneiros-Fernández, Ramón Naranjo-Sintes, Joaquín Amérigo, Mercedes Alcalde, Teresa Zulueta, Javier J Domínguez-Cruz, Eduardo Solís-García, Antonio Tejera-Vaquerizo, Aurelio M Martín-Castro, Valentín García-Mellado, Silvestre Martínez-García, Araceli Martínez-García, Enrique Herrera-Acosta, Pilar Jurado Escámez, Antonio M Rodríguez-Fernández, Juan Salvatierra-Cuenca, José C Moreno-Giménez, Rosario Guerrero-Cauqui, Jose C Armario-Hita, Adoración Nieto-Garcia, Lara Ferrándiz
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
The ARF Tumor Suppressor Can Promote the Progression of Some Tumors
Authors: Olivier Humbey, Julia Pimkina, Jack T. Zilfou, Michal Jarnik, Carmen Dominguez-Brauer, Darren J. Burgess, Christine M. Eischen, Maureen E. Murphy
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract p14/p19ARF (ARF) is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in human cancer. ARF has multiple tumor suppressor functions, some of which are mediated by signaling to p53. Surprisingly, a significant fraction of human tumors retain persistently high levels of ARF, suggesting that ARF may possess a prosurvival function. We show that ARF protein is markedly up-regulated in cells exposed to nutrient starvation. Cells with silenced ARF show reduced autophagy and reduced viability when placed under conditions of starvation. We show for the first time that ARF silencing can limit the progression of some tumors, such as lymphoma, but not others, such as E1A/Ras-induced tumors. Specifically, myc-driven lymphomas with mutant p53 tend to overexpress ARF; we show that silencing ARF in these tumors greatly impedes their progression. These data are the first to show that ARF can act in a p53-independent manner to promote the progression of some tumors. [Cancer Res 2008;68(23):9608–13]
Successful Multimodal Treatment in a Patient with Thymoma Accompanied by Hepatic Metastasis
Authors: Shigenori Hoshino, Mitsugi Furukawa, Kazumi Aragane, Masayoshi Horimoto, Kunio Suzuki, Hiroyuki Shiono, Masato Minami, Meinoshin Okumura, Takashi Kijima, Ichiro Kawase
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Abstract 4737: Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, carbonic anhydrase-IX and glucose transporter-1 in cervical cancer
Authors: Keita Iwasaki, Hiromitsu Yabushita, Taiki Ueno, Akihiko Wakatsuki
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Objectives: Hypoxia can drive the tumor toward a more aggressive malignant phenotype through genomic and proteomic changes. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transactivates genes whose proteins allow metabolic adaptation to hypoxia, including carbonic anhydrase-IX (CA-IX) and glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1). This study aimed to determine whether the HIF-1α, CA-IX and Glut-1 were associated with clinico-pathological characteristics and progression-free survival in patients with cervical carcinoma. Methods: Under the written informed consent, tumor tissue samples were obtained from 54 patients with cervical carcinoma performed radical hysterectomy. The expressions of HIF-1α, CA-IX and Glut-1 were detected by immunohistochemical staining using paraffin-embedded sections. Results: CA-IX and Glut-1 expressions were found in cell membrane and cytoplasm, and HIF-1α expression was observed in cell nuclear. In 54 cases, the positive expression was observed in 28 cases for HIF-1α, 35 for CA-IX and 40 for Glut-1. The HIF-1α expression was related with clinical stage and histology, CA-IX expression was related with clinical stage, tumor size, lymph-node metastasis and lymph-vascular space involvement, and the Glut-1 expression was related with clinical stage and lymph-vascular space involvement. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that the CA-IX expression and lymph-vascular space involvement were the independent variable associated with lymph-node metastasis in patients with cervical cancer. Progression-free survival was shorter in patient with positive CA-IX expression compared to negative CA-IX expression. Conclusion: In cervical cancer patients, CA-IX expression is possible to be a risk factor for lymph-node metastasis and disease recurrence, it was suggested that pH regulation induced by CA-IX under hypoxic condition may be associated with lymph node metastasis. Citation Format: Keita Iwasaki, Hiromitsu Yabushita, Taiki Ueno, Akihiko Wakatsuki. Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, carbonic anhydrase-IX and glucose transporter-1 in cervical cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4737. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4737
FDG–PET Imaging in the Investigation of Homonymous Hemianopia in a Patient With MELAS Syndrome
Authors: Martin J. Shelly, Peter Kelly, Martin J. O’Connell
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder of mitochondrial DNA. Patients with MELAS syndrome present with a range of clinical symptoms including headaches, hearing loss, visual defects, and hemiparesis. We report a case of a previously asymptomatic 21-year-old male who presented with recurrent headache, seizures, and right homonymous hemianopia. Investigations included brain MRI, which indicated bilateral occipital white matter and cortical signal abnormality and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–PET brain imaging which demonstrated markedly reduced metabolism in the occipital lobes. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and coenzyme Q and his clinical symptoms have improved.
INFLUENCE OF ZIDOVUDINE ON PROGRESSION TO AIDS IN COHORT STUDIES
Authors: MartinT. Schechter, KevinJ.P. Craib, ThinhN. Le, JulioS.G. Montaner, W. Alastair Mcleod, Brian Willoughby, KimberlyD. Elmslie, MichaelV. O'Shaughnessy
Journal: The Lancet (1989)
On-line detection of cholesterol and calcification by catheter-based raman spectroscopy in human atherosclerotic plaque ex vivo
Authors: Sweder W. van de Poll, Karin Kastelijn, Tom C. Bakker Schut, Chaylendra Strijder, Gerwin J. Puppels, Gerard Pasterkamp, Arnoud van der Laarse
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Molecular Genetic Heterogeneity of Myophosphorylase Deficiency (McArdle's Disease)
Authors: Seiichi Tsujino, Sara Shanske, Salvatore DiMauro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease) is one of the most common causes of exercise intolerance, muscle cramps, and recurrent myoglobinuria. The myophosphorylase gene has been sequenced and assigned to chromosome 11, but the molecular basis of McArdle's disease is not known. We sequenced complementary DNA in 4 patients and studied genomic DNA by restriction-endonuclease analysis in 40 patients with McArdle's disease.
ACUTE ADMISSION RATES FOR PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE CARED FOR BY ACCOUNTABLE CARE ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Erica Spatz, Kasia Lipska, Ying Dai, Faseeha Altaf, Erin Joyce, Julia Montague, Haikun Bao, La’Mont Sutton, Craig Parzynski, Jeph Herrin, Vera Zhang, Joseph Ross, Zhenqiu Lin, Susannah Bernheim, Harlan Krumholz, Elizabeth Drye
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Surveying the literature from animal experiments: Avoidance of bias is objective of systematic reviews, not meta-analysis
Authors: Khalid S Khan, Luciano Mignini
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Calcium and vitamin D in preventing fractures Vitamin K supplementation has powerful effectEditor-Porthouse et al conducted a good randomised controlled trial of calcium and supplementation with cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) for prevention of fractures in primary care. 1 However, vitamin D and calcium are not enough.No mention was made of the extensive research from Japan and the Netherlands, which shows that vitamin K supplementation has a powerful effect in decreasing osteoporosis and osteoporosis related fractures.Combining vitamin K, vitamin D, and calcium seems ideal.Researchers from Osaka Medical College showed that vitamin K and vitamin D together increased bone density much better than vitamin K alone. 2hen comparing calcium and vitamin D alone with placebo, researchers at the University of Maastricht found little benefit on bone loss.But those randomised to take vitamin K in addition to calcium and vitamin D had significantly less femoral neck bone loss after three years. 3he Yamaguchi osteoporosis prevention study showed that vitamin K alone reduced vertebral fractures by 56% compared to placebo, comparable to the benefit found from etidronate. 4 Researchers at Hirosaki University in Japan showed that vitamin K lowered bone fractures in elderly female patients with Parkinson's by 90%. 5 The same research team showed an 86% decrease in fractures in elderly patients with Alzheimer's treated with a combination of vitamin K, vitamin D, and calcium compared with placebo.w1 If the medical standard became to first use vitamins D and K with calcium before using bisphosphonates or selective oestrogen receptor modulators, the public would save billions of dollars a year.
Trends and Correlates of Class 3 Obesity in the United States From 1990 Through 2000
Authors: David S. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (2002)

ContextAlthough the prevalence of obesity has markedly increased among US adults, health risks vary according to the severity of obesity. Persons with class 3 obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥40) are at greatest risk, but there is little information about this subgroup.ObjectiveTo examine correlates of class 3 obesity and secular trends.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAdults (aged ≥18 years) in the United States who participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone survey between 1990 (75 600 persons) and 2000 (164 250 persons).Main Outcome MeasureBody mass index calculated from self-reported weight and height.ResultsThe prevalence of class 3 obesity increased from 0.78% (1990) to 2.2% (2000). In 2000, class 3 obesity was highest among black women (6.0%), persons who had not completed high school (3.4%), and persons who are short. During the 11-year period, the median BMI level increased by 1.2 units and the 95th percentile increased by 3.2 units.ConclusionThe prevalence of class 3 obesity is increasing rapidly among adults. Because these extreme BMI levels are associated with the most severe health complications, the incidence of various diseases will increase substantially in the future.
Proportion of babies born in Europe after IVF varies 20-fold
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

More than 2% of babies born in some European countries are now the result of assisted reproductive technology. But there is an almost 20-fold variation in the proportion of babies born by such techniques in Europe, a review has found. Denmark has the highest proportion, at 3.9% of all births in 2001, and Latvia has the lowest, at 0.2% ( International Journal of Andrology 2006;29:12-16).

The average number of treatments per million inhabitants in 2001was 829, but this varied from 49 to 1923, with the United Kingdom the second lowest …
Prepubertal Gynecomastia Linked to Lavender and Tea Tree Oils
Authors: Derek V. Henley, Natasha Lipson, Kenneth S. Korach, Clifford A. Bloch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Most cases of male prepubertal gynecomastia are classified as idiopathic. We investigated possible causes of gynecomastia in three prepubertal boys who were otherwise healthy and had normal serum concentrations of endogenous steroids. In all three boys, gynecomastia coincided with the topical application of products that contained lavender and tea tree oils. Gynecomastia resolved in each patient shortly after the use of products containing these oils was discontinued. Furthermore, studies in human cell lines indicated that the two oils had estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities. We conclude that repeated topical exposure to lavender and tea tree oils probably caused prepubertal gynecomastia in these boys.
On seeking the mythical fountain of consciousness
Authors: Jeffrey Foss
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Because consciousness has an organizational, or functional, center, Gray supposes that there must be a corresponding physical center in the brain. He proposes further that since this center generates consciousness, ablating it would eliminate consciousness, while leaving behavior intact. But the center of consciousness is simply the product of the functional linkages among sensory input, memory, inner speech, and so on, and behavior.
Overlap of disease susceptibility loci for rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Anne Hinks, Steve Eyre, Xiayi Ke, Anne Barton, Paul Martin, Edward Flynn, Jon Packham, Jane Worthington, Wendy Thomson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been extremely successful in the search for susceptibility risk factors for complex genetic autoimmune diseases. As more studies are published, evidence is emerging of considerable overlap of loci between these diseases. In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), another complex genetic autoimmune disease, the strategy of using information from autoimmune disease GWAS or candidate gene studies to help in the search for novel JIA susceptibility loci has been successful, with confirmed association with two genes, PTPN22 and IL2RA. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that shares similar clinical and pathological features with JIA and, therefore, recently identified confirmed RA susceptibility loci are also excellent JIA candidate loci.To determine the overlap of disease susceptibility loci for RA and JIA./st> Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at nine RA-associated loci were genotyped in Caucasian patients with JIA (n=1054) and controls (n=3531) and tested for association with JIA. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between cases and controls using the genetic analysis software, PLINK.Two JIA susceptibility loci were identified, one of which was a novel JIA association (STAT4) and the second confirmed previously published associations of the TRAF1/C5 locus with JIA. Weak evidence of association of JIA with three additional loci (Chr6q23, KIF5A and PRKCQ) was also obtained, which warrants further investigation.All these loci are good candidates in view of the known pathogenesis of JIA, as genes within these regions (TRAF1, STAT4, TNFAIP3, PRKCQ) are known to be involved in T-cell receptor signalling or activation pathways.
New Types of Cancer after Basal-Cell Cancer
Authors: David S. Shimm
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 July 1997New Types of Cancer after Basal-Cell CancerDavid S. Shimm, MDDavid S. Shimm, MDUniversity of Arizona Health Sciences Center; Tucson, AZ 85724Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-1-199707010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Frisch and colleagues [1] reported an increased risk for extracutaneous cancer in patients with basal-cell cancer and refer to a similar risk in patients with squamous-cell skin cancer [2]. There is an additional piece to the puzzle of the association between cutaneous and extracutaneous cancer: the relation between keratoacanthoma and extracutaneous cancer.Keratoacanthomas are skin lesions that histologically appear malignant, resemble squamous-cell tumors, but undergo spontaneous involution. Because this involution can be followed by scarring, keratoacanthomas located in cosmetically or functionally significant areas (such as the eyelid and nose) are sometimes treated with radiation to hasten involution ...References1. Frisch M, Hjalgrim H, Olsen JH, Melbye M. Risk for subsequent cancer after diagnosis of basal-cell carcinoma. A population-based, epidemiologic study. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:815-1. Google Scholar2. Frisch M, Melbye M. New primary cancers after squamous cell skin cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 1995; 141:916-22. Google Scholar3. Shimm D, Duttenhaver J, Doucette J, Wang C. Radiation therapy of keratoacanthoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1983; 9:759-61. Google Scholar4. Poleksic S. Keratoacanthoma and multiple carcinomas. Br J Dermatol. 1974; 91:461-3. Google Scholar5. Caccialanza M, Sopelana N. Radiation therapy of keratoacanthomas: results in 55 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1989; 16:475-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David S. Shimm, MDAffiliations: University of Arizona Health Sciences Center; Tucson, AZ 85724 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 1Page: 87KeywordsAdenocarcinomaBladderCancer treatmentGastric cancerLesionsLymphomaMalignant tumorsRisk managementSalivary gland tumorsSalivary glands ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...