tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Simplifying the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Diagnostic Algorithm Using Fasting Plasma Glucose
Authors: Mukesh M. Agarwal, Gurdeep S. Dhatt, Syed M. Shah
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

In their comment letter, Mahdavian et al. (1) wonder about a wider application of our data (2) because, in a cohort of 459 pregnant women, their results were different. Mahdavian et al. have missed the very essence of our study, which was never meant to be a “fractional interpretation of IADPSG recommendations.” Also, nowhere do we question “the helpfulness of the full 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).” On the contrary, we have categorically stated that the current IADPSG guidelines are based on sound scientific data and that they provide the solution …
Patterns of consultation and parasuicide.
Authors: A W Crockett
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Parasuicide is common; its treatment depends on its prevention, which in turn depends on accurate identification of those at risk. When the rates of consultation and the number of prescriptions issued each year for patients who had survived parasuicide were compared with those for controls matched for age and sex the patients who had survived parasuicide were found to have attended much more frequently; their pattern of attendance had accelerated up to the time of the attempt and then decelerated. This variation was not seen in the control group. The number of prescriptions received per visit was static in both groups at all times. General practitioners should regard more frequent attendance by patients who already attend often as indicating that those patients are at risk of parasuicide.
Cardiac-specific ablation of ARNT leads to lipotoxicity and cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rongxue Wu, Hsiang-Chun Chang, Arineh Khechaduri, Kusum Chawla, Minh Tran, Xiaomeng Chai, Cory Wagg, Mohsen Ghanefar, Xinghang Jiang, Marina Bayeva, Frank Gonzalez, Gary Lopaschuk, Hossein Ardehali
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Patients with type 2 diabetes often present with cardiovascular complications; however, it is not clear how diabetes promotes cardiac dysfunction. In murine models, deletion of the gene encoding aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator (ARNT, also known as HIF1β) in the liver or pancreas leads to a diabetic phenotype; however, the role of ARNT in cardiac metabolism is unknown. Here, we determined that cardiac-specific deletion of Arnt in adult mice results in rapid development of cardiomyopathy (CM) that is characterized by accumulation of lipid droplets. Compared with hearts from ARNT-expressing mice, ex vivo analysis of ARNT-deficient hearts revealed a 2-fold increase in fatty acid (FA) oxidation as well as a substantial increase in the expression of PPARα and its target genes. Furthermore, deletion of both Arnt and Ppara preserved cardiac function, improved survival, and completely reversed the FA accumulation phenotype, indicating that PPARα mediates the detrimental effects of Arnt deletion in the heart. Finally, we determined that ARNT directly regulates Ppara expression by binding to its promoter and forming a complex with HIF2α. Together, these findings suggest that ARNT is a critical regulator of myocardial FA metabolism and that its deletion leads to CM and an increase in triglyceride accumulation through PPARα.
Mean Red Cell Volume as a Correlate of Blood Pressure
Authors: Dan S. Sharp, J. David Curb, Irwin J. Schatz, Herbert J. Meiselman, Timothy C. Fisher, Cecil M. Burchfiel, Beatriz L. Rodriguez, Katsuhiko Yano
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Clinical studies suggest that hypertensives have lower mean corpuscular volume (MCVs) than do normotensives. Epidemiological studies show no relation or higher MCVs. In the present study of elderly men (71 to 93 years of age) of the Honolulu Heart Program, elements of both findings are confirmed.Three groups are identified: (1) those receiving no hypertension treatment, (2) those receiving treatment with any diuretic, and (3) those receiving treatment with nondiuretics only. MCV is lower in group 3 than in group 1 (-0.85 fL, P<.001) but the same in groups 1 and 2. Within groups 1 and 3, inverse relations of -0.22 and -0.09 mm Hg/fL (P<.05) are noted for systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures. No relations are observed in group 2. MCV and red blood cell count (RBC) are inversely correlated (r=-.45). In group 2, adjustment for RBC unmasks a direct relation between MCV and SBP (0.5 mm Hg/fL, P=.02) and DBP (0.3 mm Hg/fL, P=.02). In groups 1 and 3, relations between SBP and MCV are lost after adjustment for RBC (0.005 mm Hg/fL). For DBP, adding RBC plus an MCV x RBC interaction is significant (P<.001). DBP is 5 mm Hg greater in the highest RBC quartile than in the lowest. A +3 mm Hg difference between extreme MCV quartiles is noted only at high RBC levels.The relation between blood pressure and red cell measures is probably mediated by whole blood viscosity. Hematocrit is a determinant of whole blood viscosity. Viscosity affects peripheral resistance to blood flow, and peripheral resistance affects DBP. At high RBC levels, MCV may be "downregulated." This may lower whole blood viscosity and partially reduce DBP without compromising flow.
Lycopenemia
Authors: Peter Reich, Harry Shwachman, John M. Craig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

ALTHOUGH carotenemia due to the ingestion of foods containing a high concentration of beta carotene is a commonly described disorder,1 a similar condition secondary to the ingestion of tomatoes and associated with high serum levels of lycopene has not previously been reported. This investigation concerns a middle-aged woman whose prolonged and excessive consumption of tomato juice led to the discoloration of her skin and the concentration in serum and liver of the carotenoid pigments found in tomatoes.Case ReportA 61-year-old Jewish mother of 3 was admitted to the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital because of recurrent right-upper-quadrant pain and apparent . . .
Toxicity Associated With Isoniazid Preventive Therapy
Authors: Tom Moulding
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Protein kinase Cζ mediated Raf-1/extracellular-regulated kinase activation by daunorubicin
Authors: Véronique Mansat-De Mas, Hélène Hernandez, Isabelle Plo, Christine Bezombes, Nicolas Maestre, Anne Quillet-Mary, Rodolphe Filomenko, Cécile Demur, Jean-Pierre Jaffrézou, Guy Laurent
Journal: Blood (2003)
IMPROVEMENT OF CARDIAC FUNCTION AND MODULATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND IMMUNE CELLS BY TRANSPLANTATION OF HTERT-IMMORTALIZED MOUSE CARDIAC STEM CELL LINES
Authors: Chi-Yeon Park, Jong-Ho Kim, Ji-Hyun Choi, Seung-Cheol Choi, Kuy-Sook Lee, Jae Hyoung Park, Jesang Kim, Chul Min Ahn, Soon Jun Hong, Do-Sun Lim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
False-Positive FDG PET/CT Due to Liver Parenchymal Injury Caused By a Surgical Retractor
Authors: Ashima Lyall, Gary A. Ulaner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 70-year-old man underwent partial gastrectomy with pathology demonstrating gastric follicular lymphoma. After surgery, a staging FDG PET/CT study demonstrated an FDG-avid low-attenuation band in the liver. Corresponding MRI demonstrated a high T2 signal abnormality. This was believed to represent liver parenchymal injury due to liver retraction during surgery. The patient was managed conservatively. MRI at 1 month of follow-up demonstrated resolution of the T2 signal abnormality. FDG PET/CT at 6 months of follow-up demonstrated resolution of FDG uptake. Tissue injury from surgical retraction can produce FDG-avid lesions that need to be distinguished from malignancy on PET/CT.
Commentary: The balance between marketing and safety
Authors: K. Beard
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Drug marketing can be sophisticated and very successful. This is understandably desirable for manufacturers given the pressures of finite patent life and the imminent arrival of competitors. Kao expresses concern that successful marketing of new medicines, especially in the regulatory environment that allows a shorter lead time from submission to market access, might compromise patient safety.1 2 His description of sitagliptin’s market penetration in the United States is an impressive story from an industry perspective. It also raises the issues of drug industry involvement with disease awareness campaigns and patient organisations, as well as direct to consumer advertising as methods of promoting product awareness. A recent European Commission consultation focused on the role of industry in providing information on medicines to patients, and although there was overall agreement that the present ban on direct to consumer advertising should remain, there was perhaps predictable variation in stakeholders’ responses.3

Are safety systems up to the challenges posed by the more rapid arrival of new drugs in the marketplace? …
Effect of a Novel Medical Food (NMF) on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Children with Mild Persistent Asthma
Authors: R. Covar, B. Macomber, L. Stewart, M. Gleason, K. Engelhardt, J. Murphy, A. Liu, S. Wood, S. DeMichele, E. Gelfand, S. Szefler
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Class action over Abbott's pricing of antiretroviral moves forward
Authors: Bob Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A US judge has authorised a class action lawsuit against the drug company Abbott for its 400% hike in price, begun in late 2003, of the anti-HIV drug ritonavir (Norvir).

The lawsuit charges that the increase was a violation of US antitrust laws. It aims to roll back the increase and seeks compensation for everyone who has overpaid for the drug since the price increase.

Ritonavir had been developed as a protease inhibitor but did not work particularly well on its own. Over the course of using it with various combination treatments, clinicians observed a synergistic effect with other protease inhibitors. Ritonavir impeded the …
Prevention of recurrent bleeding in cirrhotics with recent variceal hemorrhage: Prospective, randomized comparison of propranolol and sclerotherapy
Authors: Wolfgang E. Fleig, Eduard F. Stange, Roland Hunecke, Wolfgang Schönborn, Ulrike Hurler, Kordula Rainer, Wilhelm Gaus, Hans Ditschuneit
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

To compare the efficacy of endoscopic paravariceal sclerotherapy and oral propranolol in the prevention of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 78 cirrhotic patients were randomly assigned to either treatment after an endoscopically proven bleed from esophageal varices. After randomization, but before treatment had been started, a total of eight patients had to be withdrawn from the study due to early rebleeding (requiring emergency sclerotherapy) or violations of the protocol. Among the 70 patients analyzed (36 sclerotherapy, 34 propranolol), both treatment groups were comparable with respect to demographic, clinical and laboratory data. The groups also did not differ with respect to continued alcohol intake. Sclerotherapy was performed twice weekly using 1% polidocanol as the sclerosing agent until the varices were eradicated or well-covered by fibrous tissue. Propranolol was given twice daily at a dose reducing the resting heart rate by 25% (60 to 320 mg per day; mean +/- SD = 161 +/- 80 mg per day). Patients were followed for up to 2 years with visits at 3 monthly intervals (mean follow-up = sclerotherapy, 14 months; propranolol, 9.2 months). Life table analysis of patients without rebleeding from nonvariceal sites revealed a tendency in favor of propranolol; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance. No significant difference was observed between sclerotherapy and propranolol in the proportion of patients rebleeding from esophageal varices or from all sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Furthermore, survival was similar in both treatment groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Searching published reports.
Authors: R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1992)

reports (b) "medical records" and "patient education"; (c) administration of drugs, there is no equivalent for "medical records" and "attitude to health"; (d) documenting problems after investigations and SIR,-All learned journals require that their "4medical records" and "patient participation"; alerting the medical community of associated authors have satisfactorily reviewed published or (e) "medical records" and "health education."risks, and thus their report is valuable.It is well work.Over the past decade there have been several(A list of 101 references on the subject of patients' known among growth specialists, however, that critcal evies o autors'use f satisics'and access to records, of which 53 are to original insulin induced hypoglycaemia is potentially recommendations to try to tighten up the use and research, is available.)dangerous, and at least one child was previously
Detailed sequence and haplotype analysis of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor gene in Caucasians and African Americans
Authors: D.A. Meyers, G.A. Hawkins, K. Tantisira, E.J. Ampleford, M. Hernandez, B. Richter, S.P. Peters, S.B. Liggett, S.T. Weiss, E.R. Bleecker
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
869-2 Impact of intravenous beta-blockade during primary percutaneous intervention on convalescent left ventricular function
Authors: Amir Halkin, Cindy L Grines, David A Cox, Eulogio Garcia, Roxana Mehran, James E Tcheng, John J Griffin, Giulio Guagliumi, Bruce Brodie, Mark Turco, Barry D Rutherford, Eve A Aymong, Alexandra J Lansky, Gregg W Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Abstract 2189: A rare copy number variant at chromosome 14q11 was associated with sporadic colorectal cancer risk in Singapore Chinese
Authors: Peh Yean Cheah, Lai Fun Thean, Yik-Ying Teo, Woon-Puay Koh, Jian-Min Yuan, Poh Koon Koh, Min Hoe Chew, Choong Leong Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent cancers and leading cause of cancer mortality in the developed world. Twin study has attributed about 35% of the etiology of sporadic CRC to genes. Structural variations in the human genome have recently been associated with complex neurological diseases. Their role in CRC, however, is unclear. We performed genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 2,000 ethnicity-, age-, and gender-matched Singapore Chinese CRC patients (aged 50 or more and with no dominant family history of CRC) and healthy controls. Genome-wide genotyping was performed using Affymetrix SNP 6 platform, and rare copy number variants (CNV) were interrogated in 1830 samples that passed the quality assurance tests. A 400 kb region at chromosome 14q11 was identified to be significantly associated (-log10 p-value = 11) with sporadic CRC risk. A chromatin modifier implicated in the β-catenin/Wnt signalling pathway is one of the candidate genes found in the region. Primers unique for this gene applied to an optimal real-time copy number assay verified the CNV region in an independent replication panel comprising another 1,000 sporadic CRC cases. About 6% of the cases exhibit copy number alterations at this region compared to 1% in the healthy controls. A second gene, a small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) involved in protein trafficking and preferentially up-regulated in colonic tumors , was shown by long-range polymerase chain reaction to have more structural variations in the cases compared to the controls. Furthermore, expression of the H1 binding domain of the chromatin modifier was positively correlated to the expressions of Cyclin D1 and C-myc. The data suggest that the rare CNV in 14q11 was dynamically associated with the activation of genes implicated in sporadic CRC in the Singapore Chinese. Citation Format: Peh Yean Cheah, Lai Fun Thean, Yik-Ying Teo, Woon-Puay Koh, Jian-Min Yuan, Poh Koon Koh, Min Hoe Chew, Choong Leong Tang. A rare copy number variant at chromosome 14q11 was associated with sporadic colorectal cancer risk in Singapore Chinese. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2189. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2189
Abstract 258: A New Image Processing (4D Auto LVQ) for 3D Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Volumes Quantification
Authors: Laurent Macron, Alexandre Bensaid, Julien Nahum, Laurens Mitchell-Heggs, Jean-Francois Deux, Pascal Gueret, Pascal Lim
Journal: Circulation (2009)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of a new 3D real time echocardiographic semi automatic images processing (4D Auto LVQ, GE) for assessing left ventricular volumes and functio...
On the dangers of oversimulation
Authors: Gergely Csibra, György Gergely
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Barresi &amp; Moore fail to provide a satisfactory account for the development of social understanding because of (1) their ambiguous characterization of the relationship between the intentional schema and shared intentional activities, (2) their underestimation of the representational capacities of infants, and (3) their overreliance on the simulationist assumption that understanding others is tantamount to sharing their experience.
An Unusual Case of Cardio-Pulmonary Rale
Authors: J. Carslaw
Journal: BMJ (1899)

OARDIOPULMO[BALE.MEDICAL JorRNAL list; all of tllese proved fatal.Violent or active delirium was also invariably fatal.Cyanosis was a sign of grave import, only I case of 5 in which iL occurred recovering.Hiccough occurred before death in 2 fatal cases.It did not necessarily prove the presence of peritonitis.Thin watery offensive stools were observed in case with similar termination.Of 27 patients with a temperature reaching lo05F., io died (40 per cent.); 2 in whom io60 F. was reached, both suc- cumbed.On the other hand, a pulse of over 140 persisted for days and yet recovery took place.Among cases in which hbemorrhage from the bowel occurred the mortality, as before mentioned, was 28.5 per cent., as against a total percentage mortality of I8.5 per cent.Only I case was directly fatal, but this complication evidently increases the gravity of the out- look.Floccitation and carphology were not incompatible with a favourable termination, nor was pregnancy a bar to recovery.Absence of delirium was not always a good sign, at least I Eevere and fatal case being accompanied by clearness of mind throughout.TREATMENT.
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage due to Angioma of Cerebellum
Authors: P. T. Bray, W. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1949)

LIVER BDICALJORNAL 481 breathing rapidly and deeply.There was slight neck rigidity.The abdomen was not distended, and rectal examination was negative.The urine contained a large quantity of acetone.Gerhardt's test for diacetic acid was also positive.Sugar was absent.Consciousness returned a few hours after admission.Next day a purulent nasal discharge, pharyngitis, and cough were noted.Radiographs of the chest and examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed no abnormality.The blood-sugar level was not estimated.A few days later, following a course of a sulphonamide, recovery appeared to be complete.After leaving hospital he was noticed always to be listless and easily tired, though well enough to attend school for some weeks.In April, 1948, he was in bed for a week with pyrexia, vomiting, and diarrhoea.His parents remarked that at times he became excessively thirsty, and had an inordinate liking for salt.Apart from a distaste for sweet things, his appetite, though poor, was normal.In July, 1948, he was again readmitted.A convulsion, preceded by severe abdominal pain, had begun a few hours previously, since when he had been unconscious.On examination he was found to be unconscious and slightly cyanosed, but was breathing normally.No other abnormal physical signs were elicited.The urine contained large quantities of acetone and diacetic acid.No sugar was detected.A sample of blood (taken on admission) showed a blood-sugar level of 35 mg. per 100 ml.A few hours after admission he was conscious and rational and was drinking glucose-water freely.His condi- tion, however, deteriorated.During the night there were two convulsions, and vorniting became frequent.Twenty-four hours after admission he died in a third convulsion.Post-mtiortem Findings.-Developmentnormal; nutrition fair; no jaundice.Lungs:-Bulky and emphysematous; distended with air anteriorly and cover heart; some petechial haemor- rhages on posterior surface; normal appearance on section.Heart:-Many large subpericardial haemorrhages.Spleen: Much enlarged; weight, 4oz.(135 g.); Malpighian bodies prominent.Liver:-Small; weight, 1 lb.41 oz. (580g.); sur- face coarsely roughened; on section,
RECOGNITION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SURGICAL RISK
Authors: ALFRED E. PHELPS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

There are few subjects in medicine in which an accurate knowledge is more urgently required than a patient's general fitness for undergoing an operation. It is well known that a major operation throws a great strain on the cardiovascular system; occasionally, this strain costs the patient his life. A fatal termination for this type of patient clearly indicates that the gravity of the condition of the cardiovascular system was unrecognized. An accurate appraisal of the system might reasonably correct this unsatisfactory state of affairs. It seems that the anesthetist, by virtue of the unique opportunity he has for studying the conditions of the surgical patients before, during and after operations, occupies a strategic position for gaining information that of necessity cannot be obtained by the surgeon or the internist. It was decided to undertake the investigation of this subject and to learn, if possible, to appraise the cardiovascular system with
Association of Prediabetes with Diffuse Coronary Narrowing and Small-Vessel Disease
Authors: Murat Gul, Cagatay Ertan, Ozcan Ozeke, Dursun Aras, Serkan Topaloglu, Halil Lütfi Kisacik, Ahmet Duran Demir, Sinan Aydogdu, Bulent Ozin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Malignant Carcinoid Tumors With and Without Flushing
Authors: Robert J. Levine, Louis J. Elsas, Charles P. Duvall, Jack S. Rice
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The diagnostic usefulness of the epinephrine provocative test was assessed in three patients with functioning metastatic carcinoid tumors at a time when they had experienced no spontaneous flush reactions. One of these patients later developed severe flush reactions; the other two, who were followed until the time of their deaths, never flushed. The presence or absence of flushing was not related to the levels of serotonin in the blood or 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the urine. The epinephrine provocative test was positive in the patient who later developed spontaneous flushes and negative in the other two. This finding indicates that the failure to induce a flush with the epinephrine provocative test does not exclude the diagnosis of a functioning carcinoid tumor in patients without spontaneous flushes.