tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversible expansion of primate mast cell populations in vivo by stem cell factor.
Authors: S J Galli, A Iemura, D S Garlick, C Gamba-Vitalo, K M Zsebo, R G Andrews
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Mast cell development in mice is critically regulated by stem cell factor (SCF), the term used here to designate a product of fibroblasts and other cell types that is a ligand for the tyrosine kinase receptor protein encoded by the proto-oncogene c-kit. However, the factors which regulate the size of mast cell populations in primates are poorly understood. Here we report that the subcutaneous administration of recombinant human SCF (rhSCF) to baboons (Papio cynocephalus) or cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) produced a striking expansion of mast cell populations in many anatomical sites, with numbers of mast cells in some organs of rhSCF-treated monkeys exceeding the corresponding values in control monkeys by more than 100-fold. Animals treated with rhSCF did not exhibit clinical evidence of mast cell activation, and discontinuation of treatment with rhSCF resulted in a rapid decline of mast cell numbers nearly to baseline levels. These findings are the first to demonstrate that a specific cytokine can regulate mast cell development in primates in vivo. They also provide the first evidence, in any mammalian species, to indicate that the cytokine-dependent expansion of tissue mast cell populations can be reversed when administration of the cytokine is discontinued.
Circulating Anticoagulant in a Macroglobulin with Factor VIII Inhibitory Activity.
Authors: Eugene M. McKelvey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Circulating Anticoagulant in a Macroglobulin with Factor VIII Inhibitory Activity.Eugene M. McKelvey, M.D., Hau C. Kwaan, M.D., F.R.C.P.(Edin.)Eugene M. McKelvey, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Hau C. Kwaan, M.D., F.R.C.P.(Edin.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1170_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCirculating anticoagulants in the form of acquired factor VIII inhibitors have typically been identified as immunoglobulin (Ig)G proteins. However, in a patient presented with a 2-year history of arthralgia and Raynaud's phenomenon, a factor VIII inhibitor was found associated with the serum macroglobulins. The patient was initially hospitalized for a herniorrhaphy, and detailed preoperative coagulation studies were completely normal. Postoperatively, the patient developed a pulmonary embolism, and anticoagulation therapy was initiated. The patient exhibited a marked sensitivity to warfarin. After this drug had been withdrawn, coagulation studies continued to demonstrate a clotting defect, and a specific factor VIII inhibitor was... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Eugene M. McKelvey, M.D.; Hau C. Kwaan, M.D., F.R.C.P.(Edin.)Affiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAn acquired inhibitor to factor VIIIC in a non-hemophiliac: Twenty years of observation and characterizationCoagulation and ImmunologyCirculating anticoagulants to factor VIII 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1170-1170KeywordsAnticoagulantsArthralgiaDrugsProteinsPulmonary embolismRaynaud syndrome ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Thermal pollution consequences of the implementation of the president's energy message on increased coal utilization.
Authors: F L Parker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The thermal consequences of coal utilization are most meaningfully assessed in comparison with the form of power generation replaced by coal which is most likely nuclear. The different effects are influenced by siting decisions and the intrinsic thermal efficiencies of the two fuel systems. Nuclear power plants discharge 50% more waste Rheat to the atmosphere through cooling towers or to a water body than coal-fired plants. Coal-fired plants require about 2/3 as much water as nuclear power plants. Nearly every property of water is affected nonlinearly by temperature, and biological effects may amplify these changes because protein denaturation takes place more rapidly above 30 degrees C and these high temperatures affect bactericidal and viricidal activity of chlorine compounds. Usually algal populations change from a dominance of diatoms and green algae to dominance by blue-green algae. All organisms experience elevated metabolic rates at higher temperatures which may affect total energy needs, foraging ability, reproduction, migration and susceptibility to disease. Intake structures inevitably draw many organisms into the cooling system of a power plant, but the number and kind are influenced by its location, configuration, and mode of operation. Use of water recirculation systems reduces water use and with it, the number of organisms entrained. Mechanical damage in the cooling system to small organisms is generally low, but fish and their larvae and eggs may be seriously damaged. Discharge effects may also be severe but are generally local. The near field, where there are strong shear velocities and rapid temperature changes are particularly stressful to fish, and stringent limitations on the timing and strength of discharges may be required to reduce these stresses to nondamaging levels. Off-stream cooling systems may increase cloudiness, ground fog, precipitation, temperature and local winds, but these effects generally extend no further than 1000 m even in winter. There is considerable potential for using condenser cooling water for agricultural and aquacultural purposes such as irrigation, frost protection, undersoil heating, greenhouse heating and climate control. However, over the next few decades little of this waste heat is likely to be used creatively. The thermal consequences of implementing NEP are locally serious but do not pose regional problems. Creative use of the waste heat for aquaculture, agriculture, cogeneration, and power for energy intensive industries can be a powerful means of mitigating undesirable effects.
Control of Rheumatic Fever-Reply
Authors: Edward A. Mortimer
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> Dr Goldfarb is correct; the number of cases of rheumatic fever at Farragut was unbelievable. The naval training center there opened in late 1942; allegedly because of problems with streptococcal disease, it was closed in 1945. The first case of rheumatic fever occurred there in April 1943.<sup>1(p33)</sup>The Table, recalculated from published data,<sup>2(pp10-11),3</sup>indicates that Farragut, with less than 2% of the Navy's total strength, contributed nearly one-seventh of the reported cases of rheumatic fever for the years 1943 to 1944. Although Farragut exhibited remarkable rates of rheumatic fever, rates were nonetheless high in the remainder of the Navy. The average annual rate, 1941 to 1945, for the entire Navy was 2.06 per 1,000 average strength; the average annual rate for the Navy excluding Farragut was 1.88 per 1,000.
Stabilization of asthma prevalence among adolescents and increase among schoolchildren (ISAAC phases I and III) in Spain*
Authors: L. García‐Marcos, A. Blanco Quirós, G. García Hernández, F. Guillén‐Grima, C. González Díaz, I. Carvajal Ureña, A. Arnedo Pena, R. Busquets Monge, M. Morales Suárez‐Varela, A. López‐Silvarrey Varela, P. Gómez Cabanillas, J. Batlles Garrido
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: Most studies show a steep increase in asthma prevalence in the last decades, although few studies had applied the same methodology. Recent reports point out the possibility that the epidemic has come to an end. We have studied the prevalence of asthma in a very large sample of children, repeating the study eight years apart. Methods: Repeated cross‐sectional studies using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol in a sample of Spanish schoolchildren 6–7 (parent‐reported) and 13–14 (self‐reported) years old in 1994–95 (phase I) and 2002–2003 (phase III). The number of participants was 42 417 in phase I and 42 813 in phase III. The participation rate was over 87% (13–14 years) and 70% (6–7 years). Results: The prevalence of wheezing in the previous year in children aged 13–14 years was 9.0 and 9.3% for boys and 9.6 and 9.2% for girls for phases I and III, respectively. Children 6–7 years of age showed a substantial increase in wheezing in the previous year (7.0 and 10.7% for boys and 5.3 and 8.2% for girls). Other symptoms and severity indexes followed the same patterns. Conclusions: In the last 8 years, the prevalence of asthma has not changed in 13–14‐year‐old Spanish children but has increased substantially in 6–7‐year olds.
Membrane Lipids Tune Synaptic Transmission by Direct Modulation of Presynaptic Potassium Channels
Authors: Mario Carta, Frederic Lanore, Nelson Rebola, Zsolt Szabo, Silvia Viana Da Silva, Joana Lourenço, Agathe Verraes, André Nadler, Carsten Schultz, Christophe Blanchet, Christophe Mulle
Journal: Neuron (2014)
The Care of Children — Pertussis Vaccination — Dr. David Owen, Foreign Secretary
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Whatever the defects of the National Health Service (NHS), it certainly provides the frame-work for the delivery of health care to all those in need, although it has become increasingly apparent that there has been too little emphasis on preventive medicine. Furthermore, as the patterns of society and social behavior have changed it has become clear that there are large groups with special needs. The claims of the elderly and the mentally ill are often stressed, and perhaps because less glamour attaches to their cause, these groups have been underprivileged in terms of the allocation of resources. The care of . . .
Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus Seropositivity in Heterosexual Couples
Authors: Dennis H. Osmond
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To determine the risk of heterosexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and to identify other risk factors for HCV seropositivity in heterosexual couples.Retrospective cross-sectional study comparing HCV-seropositive and HCV-seronegative heterosexual men and women.Couples recruited from the community and screened for participation in a study of the heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.A total of 340 subjects, 170 men and 170 women in sexual partnerships, aged 18 through 61 years.Seropositivity for HCV antibodies.Overall, 31 (18%) of the 170 women and 56 (33%) of the 170 men were positive by a four-antigen HCV immunoblot. Injection drug use and hemophilia were strongly associated with HCV seropositivity. Sixty-four percent of injection drug users were positive (odds ratio [OR], 27.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.4 to 56.1; P < .0001), as were all four hemophiliacs in the study. History of blood transfusion was significantly associated with HCV seropositivity (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 7.0; P = .02). Positivity for HCV was not associated with measures of sexual behavior within couples or with numbers of other sexual partners, history of sexually transmitted diseases, or human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity. However, two of the 31 women without parenteral risk but with a long-term HCV-positive male partner were HCV seropositive compared with none of 81 women with an HCV-negative male partner (P = .07).These results provide little evidence of HCV sexual transmission but are consistent with infrequent sexual transmission. They corroborate the importance of injection drug use and transfusion of blood or blood products in transmitting HCV and underscore the importance of ascertaining parenteral exposures when examining sexual transmission of HCV.
Protein Kinase Cε Is Overexpressed in Primary Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers and Functionally Required for Proliferation of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells in a p21/Cip1-Dependent Manner
Authors: Kyung-Mi Bae, Heiman Wang, Guohua Jiang, Melissa G. Chen, Li Lu, Lei Xiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

The protein kinase C (PKC) family of proteins plays important roles in growth regulation and is implicated in tumorigenesis. It has become clear that the role of PKC in tumorigenesis is cell context dependent and/or isoform specific. In this study, we showed for the first time by immunohistochemistry that overexpression of PKC epsilon was detected in the vast majority (>90%) of primary human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) compared with normal lung epithelium. Inhibition of the PKC epsilon pathway using a kinase-inactive, dominant-negative PKC epsilon, PKC epsilon(KR), led to a significant inhibition of proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of human NSCLC cells in a p53-independent manner. This was accompanied by a specific induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitor p21/Cip1 but not p27/Kip1. In response to serum stimulation, PKC epsilon(KR)-expressing cells showed a prolonged G(1)-S transition and delayed and reduced activation of cdk2 complexes, which was likely attributed to the increased binding of p21/Cip1 to cdk2. Furthermore, inhibition of PKC epsilon function either by expressing PKC epsilon(KR) or by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene knockdown resulted in c-Myc down-regulation, which, in turn, regulated p21/Cip1 expression. Knockdown of PKC epsilon or c-Myc expression using siRNA led to induction of p21/Cip1 and attenuation of G(1)-S transition in NSCLC cells. Using p21(+/+) and p21(-/-) HCT116 isogenic cell lines, we further showed that growth inhibition by PKC epsilon(KR) required the function of p21/Cip1. Collectively, these results reveal an important role for PKC epsilon signaling in lung cancer and suggest that one potential mechanism by which PKC epsilon exerts its oncogenic activity is through deregulation of the cell cycle via a p21/Cip1-dependent mechanism.
Tumor associated MUC1 carried by microvesicles is cross-processed by dendritic cells generating CD8+ T cell response
Authors: Ilaria G Zizzari, Federico Battisti, Chiara Napoletano, Hassan Rahimi, Salvatore Caponnetto, Paola Martufi, Stefania Salvati, Morena Antonilli, Francesca Belleudi, Marianna Nuti, Aurelia Rughetti
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The induction of an efficacious anti-tumor immune response (IR) requires the cross-processing and presentation of tumor antigen by Dendritic Cells (DCs). Block of endocytated tumor associated antigen (TAA) in the early compartments of the intracellular processing machinery shifts
BeEAM (bendamustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) before autologous stem cell transplantation is safe and effective for resistant/relapsed lymphoma patients
Authors: Giuseppe Visani, Lara Malerba, Pietro Maria Stefani, Saveria Capria, Piero Galieni, Francesco Gaudio, Giorgina Specchia, Giovanna Meloni, Filippo Gherlinzoni, Claudio Giardini, Sadia Falcioni, Francesca Cuberli, Marco Gobbi, Barbara Sarina, Armando Santoro, Felicetto Ferrara, Marco Rocchi, Enrique M. Ocio, Maria Dolores Caballero, Alessandro Isidori
Journal: Blood (2011)
Neonatal Resuscitation-Reply
Authors: Albert D. Warshauer
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In Reply.—  I appreciate the thoughtful comments by Dr Ellis and the further opportunity to discuss  asphyxia.  First, concerning there should  no set-up time for equipment, unfortunately, in the world that I inhabit, seconds occasionally are lost. Should be and  sometimes are not identical.  Regarding  seldom needs to  done before mouth-to-mouth, one reason I like mouth-to-mouth is that usually it quickly and effectively clears mucous material from the nose. I prefer my cited experience to a series of may  sentences. Other physicians, of course, might not duplicate my results. Were contrary data presented, I would carefully study it.  The resolution of discussions is sometimes aided by determining the exact areas of agreement and difference.  Physicians who say neonatal asphyxia demands urgent therapy and insist on thorough suctioning before ventilation puzzle me. Suction and oxygenation cannot  simultaneously maximized. Since suctioning per se does not
Atropine in Post-traumatic Parkinsonism
Authors: T. F. Main
Journal: BMJ (1938)

Massage is inadequate.It does not prevent the development of chilblains and the more severe trophic disturbances in many cases, as does the special method of hydro- therapy.Electric stimulation causes fatigue and damages the recovering cells.The usual technique of re-education is too coarse.The re-education board does not prevent accessory or trick movements which by long facilitation take up the function of the paralysed muscles, which are forgotten and, if severely affected, do not tend to recover.Many of the affected nerve cells do not redevelop their synaptic relationships, and lie dormant or die.No method of re-education can be successful which does not prohibit all accessory movement, concentrate only on affected muscle groups, and produce mental co-operation between patient and attendant.This can only be done through the sense of touch, which can be refined to the point of recognition of the impulse.Full concentration on the part of the patients can only be elicited by solitary treat- ment, and by assisting the patient by sensory means to vistualize the exact muscles to be treated. SummaryIn view of the results obtained by the Sister Kenny method we feel that the prognosis in acute poliomyelitis as regards recovery of function is better than has formerly been thought.Recovery of muscles is retarded or prevented by ischaemic changes which occur if they are immobilized during the first few weeks of the disease; maximal power can only be achieved by hypertrophy of the residual muscle fibres.The usual re-educative methods are not sufficiently specialized and do not fully avoid fatigue and trick move- ments; consequently the muscles do not regain function to the fullest extent possible.It is suggested that deformity is caused by ischaemia and the consequent muscle spasm and fibrosis, which is, paradoxically, accentuated by splinting, especially when applied in the early stages.
Abstract 2419: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor and cisplatin synergically inhibit tumor growth of Urothelial cancer in xenograft rodent model
Authors: Sei Naito, Vladimir Bilim, Hisashi Kawazoe, Yoshihiko Tomita
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) is a serine/threonine kinase, as a positive regulator of several cancer cell survival and proliferation. We previously showed that nuclear accumulation of GSK-3beta indicates high grade, high stage, and poor survival in bladder urothelial cancer (UC). And inhibition of GSK-3beta suppresses UC cell proliferation and induces apoptosis via NF-kappaB down-stream genes viz. BCl-2 and XIAP (Clin Cancer Res 2010). Here we were to identify the interaction between cisplatin and GSK-3 inhibitor, AR-A014418 in UC. Experimental Procedures: We added cisplatin (0, 1, 3, 6 μg/ml) and AR-A014418 (0, 10, 20 μM) to medium in T24 and HT1376 human UC cells and assessed their viability by MTS assay. Furthermore, we intraperitoneally administrated PBS 5 time per week, 2.5 mg/kg body weight cisplatin once per week, 20 mg/kg body weight AR-A014418 5 time per week, or cisplatin and AR-A014418 into each 6 mice with subcutaneous xenografts of HT1376 for 3 weeks. Result: Treatment of cisplatin and AR-A014418 showed synergistic effect in cell lines. Cisplatin did not change expression level of GSK-3beta, and AR-A014418 suppressed XIAP for cell lines with cisplatin. The average tumor volume of the mice treated by cisplatin was equivalent to one by PBS within treatment period. However, the tumors treated by cisplatin grew bigger than ones by PBS after withdrawal of treatment. AR-A014418 inhibited the growth of tumor compared to PBS and cisplatin. And combine use of cisplatin and AR-A014418 prevented the tumor from re-growth by cisplatin after treatment. Body weight did not vary between mice by each treatment methods. Conclusion: Cisplatin and AR-A014418 synergistically suppressed UC cells viability. And AR-A014418 cancelled re-growth of low-dose cisplatin in xenograft model. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2419. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2419
forming an asymmetrical brain: genes, environment, and evolutionarily stable strategies
Authors: giorgio vallortigara, lesley j. rogers
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

the present response elaborates and defends the main theses advanced in the target article: namely, that in order to provide an evolutionary account of brain lateralization, we should consider advantages and disadvantages associated both with the individual possession of an asymmetrical brain and with the alignment of the direction of lateralization at the population level. we explain why we believe that the hypothesis that directional lateralization evolved as an evolutionarily stable strategy may provide a better account than alternative hypotheses. we also further our discussion of the influence of stimulation and experience in early life on lateralization, and thereby show that our hypothesis is not deterministic. we also consider some novel data and ideas in support of our main thesis.
Is affective illness on the increase?
Authors: John Callan
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Affective illness, a many-faceted disorder, is the third most common condition diagnosed in the United States today (after cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disease), says Danielle Turns, MD, associate professor of psychiatry, University of Louisville. Speaking at a seminar on the Biology and Psychopharmacology of Depression in Tarpon Springs, Fla recently, Turns said that although accurate incidence and prevalence rates are difficult to establish, the prevalence of affective illness appears to be rising, and probably 17% of the US population suffers from it at present. The chance of someone who lives to age 70 contracting depression during his lifetime is now 7.8% for males and 20% for females. Just as many criteria for diagnosis are vague, the reasons for the increased prevalence are also unclear, said Turns. A portion of the statistical rise may result from more diagnoses of affective illness by physicians; part may be due to increased patient sophistication in
UK doctors show most interest in falls among elderly people, but French more curious about type 2 diabetes
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The care of elderly people and prevention of obesity in children seem to be prompting the most interest in health research at the moment.

Preventing falls in elderly people and obesity in children were the two most commonly accessed reviews worldwide from the Cochrane Library in 2007.

A new analysis of the 20 most viewed items from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews also shows big differences between countries. In India the most popular review was of β blockers for hypertension; in France it was for type 2 diabetes.

More than half the world’s consumers and health professionals have free access or access funded by an institution or …
THE OUTCOMES OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION BETWEEN ON-TIME VISIT AND OFF-TIME VISIT
Authors: Mitsunari Matsumoto, Kenichi Sakakura, Hiroshi Wada, Norifumi Kubo, Yoshitaka Sugawara, Junya Ako, Shin-ichi Momomura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)