tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Personality Disorders and Depressive Symptoms in Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder
Authors: Diana De Ronchi, Ambra Muro, Alba Marziani, Paola Rucci
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)

Although many significant studies of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (LLPD) have been carried out, some conflicting findings on the relationships between personality disorders, depressive symptoms, hostility and LLPD deserve further investigation.Forty-three LLPD patients and 85 control subjects, evaluated by prospective daily ratings during two symptomatic cycles, received a detailed psychiatric evaluation, including the sections for psychotic, affective and anxiety disorders of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R nonpatient version and the section for personality disorders; the Buss Durkee Inventory for Assessing Different Kinds of Hostility and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale.The odds of suffering from LLPD are about nine-fold (crude odds ratio, OR = 9.23, 95% confidence interval, CI 3.98-21.39) among women with mild or moderate depressive symptoms. When two age strata (below and above 30) are analyzed separately, the association between LLPD and depressive symptoms is strong and positive in both strata, while the association between LLPD and avoidant personality disorder is found only among older women (adjusted OR = 8.26, p < 0.05, 95% CI 1.03-66.35).The major finding from this preliminary study is the association between LLPD and depressive symptoms. Conversely, the association between LLPD and avoidant personality disorder remains controversial and seems to be dependent on age. Our findings support the hypothesis that LLPD and avoidant personality disorder may be considered as part of the spectrum of recurrent mood disorder rather than as qualitatively distinct nosological entities. Future studies are needed, adopting prospective, longitudinal assessments of personality prior to the onset of LLPD.
Placebo-Controlled Trials and Active-Control Trials in the Evaluation of New Treatments. Part 1: Ethical and Scientific Issues
Authors: Robert Temple
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

In recent years, several authors have argued that placebo-controlled trials are invariably unethical when known effective therapy is available for the condition being studied, regardless of the condition or the consequences of deferring treatment. Some have also disputed the value of placebo-controlled trials in such a setting, asserting that the comparison of new treatment with old treatment is sufficient to establish efficacy and is all that should be of interest. This article considers the ethical concerns about use of placebo controls and describes the limited ability of active-control equivalence (also known as noninferiority) trials to establish efficacy of new therapies in many medical contexts. The authors conclude that placebo-controlled trials are not uniformly unethical when known effective therapies are available; rather, their acceptability is determined by whether the patient will be harmed by deferral of therapy. If patients are not harmed, such trials can ethically be carried out. Furthermore, active-control trials, although valuable, informative, and appropriate in many circumstances, often cannot provide reliable evidence of the effectiveness of a new therapy.
Characterisation of fibroblast-like cells in pannus lesions of patients with rheumatoid arthritis sharing properties of fibroblasts and chondrocytes
Authors: C. Xue, M. Takahashi, T. Hasunuma, H. Aono, K. Yamamoto, S. Yoshino, T. Sumida, K. Nishioka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To better understand the characteristics of synoviocytes located in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pannus. <h3>METHODS</h3> One cell line, termed PSC, was cloned from RA pannus lesions. Phenotypic analysis was done by contrast microscopy, indirect immunostaining, and safranin O staining. Transcription of several protooncogenes and matrix degrading enzymes was evaluated. The expression of mRNA for collagen II was detected by in situ hybridisation. The ability of anchorage independent growth was assessed by soft agarose culture. <h3>RESULTS</h3> PSCs showed a high transcription of protooncogenes c-fos, c-myc and c-jun. They also expressed mRNA for matrix degrading enzymes, such as collagenase, cathepsin B, and cathepsin L. Anchorage independent growth assay demonstrated that PSCs formed colonies in soft agar culture. Phenotypic analysis showed that this fibroblast-like PSC was stained intensely with anti-vimentin and anti-fibroblast antibody. In situ reverse transcriptase assay showed that the cell line expressed type II collagen mRNA. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Alternative fibroblast-like cells were identified in the pannus lesion of RA sharing properties of fibroblasts and chondrocytes. These findings suggest that this fibroblast-like cell derived from pannus lesions may contribute to the destruction of the cartilage in RA.
Indoor air pollutants in schools: nasal patency and biomarkers in nasal lavage
Authors: D. Norbäck, R. Wålinder, G. Wieslander, G. Smedje, C. Erwall, P. Venge
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background : There is growing concern about the respiratory health aspects of the indoor air quality in schools. Methods : A standardized investigation, including nasal lavage (NAL), measurement of the nasal cavity by acoustic rhinometry, and hygienic measurements of airborne pollutants was performed in classrooms, outside the pollen season. All 279 school personnel working in the main buildings of 12 randomly selected primary schools in an urban community in central Sweden (Uppsala) were invited to enroll in the study; 234 (84%) participated. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme, and albumin were analyzed in NAL. Crude statistical analysis, as well as multiple regression analysis, was performed, controlling for room temperature, age, sex, current smoking, and a history of atopy. Results : Most classrooms (83%) did not meet the Swedish ventilation standards. A lower degree of nasal patency was found at higher concentrations of respirable dust, nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), formaldehyde, and total molds, and in the presence of Aspergillus sp. in the classroom air. The most consistent findings were observed for formaldehyde, NO 2 , and Aspergillus sp., related to both decreased nasal patency and increase of ECP and lysozyme in NAL. The presence of yeast was associated with an increase of ECP and lysozyme in NAL, but was not related to nasal patency. Conclusions : Ventilation flow was below current hygienic standards in the classrooms. Air pollutants in the classroom air may influence nasal patency and inflammatory response in the nasal mucosa.
Targeted Expression of Mutated ALK Induces Neuroblastoma in Transgenic Mice
Authors: Lukas C. Heukamp, Theresa Thor, Alexander Schramm, Katleen De Preter, Candy Kumps, Bram De Wilde, Andrea Odersky, Martin Peifer, Sven Lindner, Annika Spruessel, Filip Pattyn, Pieter Mestdagh, Björn Menten, Steffi Kuhfittig-Kulle, Annette Künkele, Katharina König, Lydia Meder, Sampurna Chatterjee, Roland T. Ullrich, Stefanie Schulte, Jo Vandesompele, Frank Speleman, Reinhard Büttner, Angelika Eggert, Johannes H. Schulte
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2012)

ALK inhibitors induce complete tumor regression in a mouse model of ALK-driven neuroblastoma.
Does Acyclovir Worsen Late Varicella?
Authors: Robert S. Klein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 March 1993Does Acyclovir Worsen Late Varicella?Robert S. Klein, MDRobert S. Klein, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-5-199303010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, Wallace and associates [1] clearly showed a clinical benefit of oral acyclovir in the treatment of varicella when administered to immunocompetent adults in the first 24 hours after symptom onset. The lack of benefit from later administration was thought to be due to viral replication already being controlled by the intact immune system, making antiviral therapy superfluous.Their data suggest that late administration of acyclovir might indeed worsen the course of disease, as shown by an increased number of days of new lesion formation (3.0 compared with 2.3 days, P = ...REFERENCE1. Wallace MR, Bowler WA, Murray NB, Brodine SK, Oldfield EC 3d. Treatment of adult varicella with oral acyclovir. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:358-63. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1993Volume 118, Issue 5Page: 394-395KeywordsAntiviral therapyClinical trialsImmune systemLesionsRandomized trialsViral replication Issue Published: 1 March 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Oncolytic Virotherapy and Immunogenic Cancer Cell Death: Sharpening the Sword for Improved Cancer Treatment Strategies
Authors: Samuel T Workenhe, Karen L Mossman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Oncolytic viruses are novel immunotherapeutics with increasingly promising outcomes in cancer patient clinical trials. Preclinical and clinical studies have uncovered the importance of virus-induced activation of antitumor immune responses for optimal therapeutic efficacy. Recently, several classes of chemotherapeutics have been shown to cause immunogenic cancer cell death characterized by the release of immunomodulatory molecules that activate antigen-presenting cells and thus trigger the induction of more potent anticancer adaptive immune responses. In preclinical models, several oncolytic viruses induce immunogenic cell death, which is associated with increased cross-priming of tumor-associated antigens. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in immunogenic cancer cell death as induced by chemotherapeutic treatments, including the roles of relevant danger-associated molecular patterns and signaling pathways, and highlighting the significance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. As virtually all viruses modulate both ER stress and cell death responses, we provide perspectives on future research directions that can be explored to optimize oncolytic viruses, alone or in combination with targeted drug therapies, as potent immunogenic cancer cell death-inducing agents. We propose that such optimized virus-drug synergistic strategies will improve the therapeutic outcomes for many currently intractable cancers.
Handyperson's hazard: crawl space sporotrichosis
Authors: G. P. Dillon
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Cutaneous sporotrichosis in the United States is associated with outdoor activities and typically follows traumatic injury with concurrent exposure to<i>Sporothrix schenckii</i>in sphagnum moss or thorny plants.<sup>1</sup>We report three cases in which each patient contracted the disease while working in the same crawl space. The first was a 37-year-old man who, in December 1993, had been working in a crawl space under his house in Indiana. Three days later, he noticed "bumps" that, despite antibacterial therapies, developed within 10 weeks into an inflamed verrucous plaque on the wrist (Figure 1, for example) and into ulcerated lesions accompanied by multiple nodules along the lymphatics on his face. His 33-year-old wife, who had worked in the crawl space in January 1994, developed a lesion at the site of a recent cat scratch on her thumb. Five weeks later, this lesion ulcerated, and several erythematous nodules were
Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of mitral stenosis.
Authors: P M Nichol, B W Gilbert, J A Kisslo
Journal: Circulation (1977)

A real-time, phased-array, two-dimensional echocardiography system was used to assess mitral valve motion in 30 catheterized patients with pure mitral stenosis. Suitable images for analysis of mitral valve motion were obtained in 25 patients. The valve leaflets were most thickened and immobile at the leaflet tips while maximum mobility was at the leaflet body. Diastolic movement of anterior mitral leaflet toward the septum pulled the posterior mitral leaflet mid-portion inferiorly. Systolic bulging of the mid-portion of the anterior mitral leaflet into the left atrium was seen in 40% (10 of 25). Movement of the anterior mitral leaflet in diastole is primarily due to movement of the whole mitral apparatus in patients with mitral stenosis. The anterior mitral leaflet E to F slopes did not correlate (r=0.38) with the mitral valve area determined at catheterization. Planimetry of the mitral valve area directly from the videotape images compared favorably to the valve area determined at catheterization (r=0.95). Thus, mitral valve area determined by this technique is an accurate noninvasive method for assessing the severity of mitral stenosis.¿
Arterial Occlusion Complicating Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndrome
Authors: C. G. Rob, A. Standeven
Journal: BMJ (1958)

MNEDICAL JOURNAL8. The pulmonary vascular resistance ranged between 10 and 45 units (800 to 3,600 dynes sec./cm.'), and averaged 22 units in patent ductus, 20 units in Eisenmenger's com- plex, and 17 units in atrial septal defect.When considering the resistance, due allowance should be made for the smaller blood flows of infants and small children.9.The arterial oxygen saturation (femoral in cases of patent ductus) averaged between 77 and 82% in all groups, and was remarkably close to the mean in three-quarters of all cases.[The second part, together with a list of references, will appear in our next issue.
Prevalence patterns of antibodies to Hepatitis C Virus by a second generation enzyme immunoassay in a cohort of patients with bleeding disorders
Authors: A. Hatzkis, A. Yannitsiotis, H. Polychronaki, V. Miriagou, H. Troonert, A. Karafoulidou, J. Chrispeels, A. Gialeraki, K. Katsouyanni, T. Mandalakt
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
A golden age
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A trip to the National Railway Museum in York always produces a frisson but last month was special. Coinciding with the jubilee celebrations was Railfest 2012, billed as Britain’s biggest ever gathering of rail record breakers. Historic locomotives large and small awaited informed homage from the nation’s trainspotters.⇑

Yes, we were all wearing anoraks (in fairness, it was an outdoor exhibition) and yes, sales of dry white wine were outstripped by a beer called Flying Scotsman, but the crowds …
ABDOMINAL SYMPTOMS OF THORACIC DISEASE.
Authors: ALLEN A. JONES
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Acute pleuritis is sometimes accompanied by pain referred to the hypochondriac region of the affected side, and a peculiarity of the pain is its constancy. It is not felt merely on deep breathing, nor more severely on inspiration, as is so commonly the case with pleuritic pain in the nipple region. Exertion and cough, however, are prone to accentuate it, and it may cause more or less grunting respiration. I recall one case of severe epigastric pain caused by diaphragmatic pleuritis in which cough was absent, and in such a case it is difficult to arrive at a diagnosis at the onset of the disease, time and developments being necessary to determine the real nature of the affection. The abdominal pain that is present in some cases of lobar penumonia, however, is particularly striking in its deceptive characteristics. Last autumn I observed two cases in which the onset of the
Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Joseph M. Looney, Tobias Stein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

THE health problem caused by the return of servicemen, who may act as carriers of diseases contracted overseas, is well known and needs no further elaboration. However, another health hazard, which has not received sufficient attention, has also arisen because of the dispersion of diseases not usually found in a given region. Such a disease, relatively rare in New England, is coccidioidomycosis. It has brought with it a serious hazard, which affects primarily the workers in the hospital laboratories who handle pathogenic material. Because of unfamiliarity with the disease, even well trained technicians may handle pathogenic cultures from these patients . . .
Muddling Through Isn't Enough
Authors: Raymond H. Murray
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THIS country's unexpressed health policy is, and really always has been, muddling through—a strategy of free-floating expediency, responding capriciously to the pressures and passing fancies of the health establishment, social zealots, health planners, and budgeteers. It is practiced regularly by politicians who have a penchant for brush-fire planning and hastily designed programs that serve to cover over health problems with boundless money and immature ideas. It is the favorite method of pragmatic administrators and bureaucrats who must manage complicated health organizations without goals or guidelines—where the "right" decision is not known or even knowable, or if knowable might not be implementable. This policy has caused factionalism to flourish and made planning impotent. One of its most visible consequences is the endless output of new health legislation—a kaleidoscopic jumble of mismatched efforts. Another is an ever-expanding bureaucracy, since established programs never die and hardly ever fade away. The most unsettling outcome
AROMATIC DIGESTIVE TABLETS
Authors: W. A. Puckner
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of the Apolipoprotein B R3500Q Gene Mutation in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation with Ischemic Stroke in Turkish Population
Authors: Atilla İçli, Nilgün Erten, Recep Sütçü, Salaheddin Akçay, Erdoğan Yaşar, Habil Yücel, Fatih Aksoy, Akif Arslan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Oncology as a Teaching Specialty
Authors: Warren L. Bostick
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read the editorial by Drs. Kennedy and Theologides (<b>213:</b>1675, 1970) entitled "Oncology as a Teaching Specialty." I thought it right to indicate that I feel such a teaching entity is quite a step back and highly impractical. Although oncology is obviously a specialty field and functions well, it suffers from the problem of great overlap with many other specialists who can and do perform excellent tumor teaching, supervision, and treatment for their individual areas, such as gynecologists, surgeons, dermatologists, etc. I do not believe there is any evidence that a student in a standard course in medical school gets a "fragmented view of cancer" as stated in the article, or that the subject is not appropriately integrated and coordinated. It certainly is. This is a rather classical example of a well-meaning specialty trying to justify time in an already overcrowded curriculum for medical students. This
Case of Diabetes: Showing the Importance of Bread as an Article of Diet
Authors: C. Cowan
Journal: BMJ (1843)

The pathology and treatment of diabetes, or melli- turia, are so confessedly obscure and unsatisfactory, that no apology is necessary for the publication of every thing which tends in ainy degree to advance our imperfect knowledge of the subject.CASE.-Simon Weller, aged thirty-one, a plough- man, residing at Shinfield, Berks, was admitted into the Royal Berkshire Hospital on February 14
Treatment for Postprostatectomy Incontinence
Authors: David F. Penson
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CASE OF CHOLOCYSTOTOMY WITH CHOLOLITHOTRITY: DEATH FROM LA GRIPPE ON THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY.Read before the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, New York, September 18, 1891.
Authors: WILLIAM WOTKYNS SEYMOUR
Journal: JAMA (1892)

I report this case as a contribution to the operative history of gallstones, and that it may be fairly judged. The patient, Miss W., 56 years of age, and of very large frame, was referred to me by my father, Prof. William P. Seymour, for operation, the latter part of February, 1891. The patient, always in good health, and a hardworking woman, began in October, 1890, to have sudden attacks of atrocious pain in the epigastrium. Vomiting sometimes, but not always, accompanied the attacks, which varied from a few minutes to several days duration, with exacerbations. There was considerable tenderness of the epigastrium and liver border during the attacks, and clay-colored stools always followed an attack. At no time was there any jaundice, although the conjunctivae had a slight yellowish tinge most of the time. The urine contained bile after severe paroxysms of pain. Owing to the very much increased