tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Successful reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation for systemic AL amyloidosis
Authors: Tomoyuki Imamura, Masao Ogata, Kazuhiro Kohno, Tadashi Tomo, Eiichi Ohtsuka, Hiroshi Kikuchi, Jun‐ichi Kadota
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract No established treatments for systemic AL amyloidosis have been determined, and only four reports have described allogeneic stem cell transplantation for this disease. We report the case of a patient with orthostatic hypotension, diarrhea, nephrotic syndrome, and cardiac amyloidosis due to systemic AL amyloidosis. Reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (RIST) was performed using a conditioning regimen comprising fludarabine 125 mg/m 2 and melphalan 90 mg/m 2 . Hematologically complete remission and symptomatic improvement were obtained without severe transplantation‐related complications. RIST may thus offer a useful treatment strategy for systemic AL amyloidosis complicated by cardiac amyloidosis. Am. J. Hematol. 81:281–283, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Letter indicates misreading of our paper on chromium waste
Authors: P. McCarron
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Smoking research of the 1950s could be celebrated in UK and US stampsEditor-Tobacco Control reproduced anti-tobacco postage stamps on the covers of its first six issues. [1]2][3][4] By 1992, 43 countries had issued anti-tobacco stamps, 1 and Poland issued an antismoking postcard as far back as 1971.Sixty five countries have now issued anti-tobacco stamps or other postal items.Two of the recent issues are from Libya in 1995 and Romania in 1999 (figures).By contrast, 125 countries have
Phase I Trial of “bi-shRNAifurin/GMCSF DNA/Autologous Tumor Cell” Vaccine (FANG) in Advanced Cancer
Authors: Neil Senzer, Minal Barve, Joseph Kuhn, Anton Melnyk, Peter Beitsch, Martin Lazar, Samuel Lifshitz, Mitchell Magee, Jonathan Oh, Susan W Mill, Cynthia Bedell, Candice Higgs, Padmasini Kumar, Yang Yu, Fabienne Norvell, Connor Phalon, Nicolas Taquet, Donald D Rao, Zhaohui Wang, Chris M Jay, Beena O Pappen, Gladice Wallraven, F Charles Brunicardi, David M Shanahan, Phillip B Maples, John Nemunaitis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

We performed a phase I trial of FANG vaccine, an autologous tumor-based product incorporating a plasmid encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) and a novel bifunctional short hairpin RNAi (bi-shRNAi) targeting furin convertase, thereby downregulating endogenous immunosuppressive transforming growth factors (TGF) β1 and β2. Patients with advanced cancer received up to 12 monthly intradermal injections of FANG vaccine (1 × 10(7) or 2.5 × 10(7) cells/ml injection). GMCSF, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, and furin proteins were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Safety and response were monitored. Vaccine manufacturing was successful in 42 of 46 patients of whom 27 received ≥1 vaccine. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events. Most common grade 1, 2 adverse events included local induration (n = 14) and local erythema (n = 11) at injection site. Post-transfection mean product expression GMCSF increased from 7.3 to 1,108 pg/10(6) cells/ml. Mean TGFβ1 and β2 effective target knockdown was 93.5 and 92.5% from baseline, respectively. Positive enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) response at month 4 was demonstrated in 9 of 18 patients serially assessed and correlated with survival duration from time of treatment (P = 0.025). Neither dose-adverse event nor dose-response relationship was noted. In conclusion, FANG vaccine was safe and elicited an immune response correlating with prolonged survival. Phase II assessment is justified.
Abstract 5463: Serum aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatases as biomarkers of hepatotoxicity in sprague-dawley rats exposed to silver nanoparticles
Authors: Anita K. Patlolla, Paul B. Tchounwou
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Nanoparticles are small scale substances (&amp;lt;100 nm) used in biomedical applications, electronics, and energy production. Increased exposure to nanoparticles being produced in large scale industry facilities elicits concerns for the toxicity of certain classes of nanoparticles. In particular, the oral toxicity of silver nanoparticles is of concern to ensure public and consumer health. Due to the intensive commercial application of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), health risk assessment of this nanoparticle is of great importance. The previous in vitro studies demonstrated that Ag-NPs caused toxicity in various cell-lines. However, toxicity of Ag NPs in vivo is largely lacking. This study evaluated the effect of Ag-NPs on the activities of specific liver enzymes such as aminotransferases (GOT/GPT), and alkaline phosphatases (ALP) which may be useful as biomarkers of hepatotoxicity. Four groups of five male rats each weighing approximately 80 + 2 g were orally administered once a day for five days with doses of 5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of silver nanoparticles. A control group was also made of 5 rats. At the end of the experiment, serum samples were collected following standard protocols. The data obtained from the hepatotoxicity study clearly show that highest two dose 50 and 100 mg/kg of silver nanoparticles has statistically significantly increased the activity of serum aminotransferases (GOT and GPT) and alkaline phosphatases (ALP) when compared to control. The results demonstrate that Ag-NPs have the potential to induce hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Our result does not imply that silver nanoparticles should be banned from use but more in vivo studies with histopathological characterization should be designed to confirm the results of this study. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5463. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5463
RIG-like Helicase Innate Immunity Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Tissue Responses via a Type I IFN–dependent Mechanism
Authors: Bing Ma, Charles S. Dela Cruz, Dominik Hartl, Min-Jong Kang, Shervin Takyar, Robert J. Homer, Chun Geun Lee, Jack A. Elias
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Rationale: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates vascular, inflammatory, remodeling, and cell death responses. It plays a critical role in normal pulmonary physiology, and VEGF excess and deficiency have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respectively. Although viruses are an important cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and innate responses play an important role in these exacerbations, the effects of antiviral responses on VEGF homeostasis have not been evaluated.Objectives: We hypothesized that antiviral innate immunity regulates VEGF tissue responses.Methods: We compared the effects of transgenic VEGF165 in mice treated with viral pathogen–associated molecular pattern polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], mice treated with live virus, and control mice.Measurements and Main Results: Transgenic VEGF stimulated angiogenesis, edema, inflammation, and mucin accumulation. Each of these was abrogated by poly(I:C). These inhibitory effects were dose dependent, noted when poly(I:C) was administered before and after transgene activation, and mediated by a Toll-like receptor-3–independent and RIG-like helicase (RLH)– and type I IFN receptor–dependent pathway. VEGF stimulated the expression of VEGF receptor-1 and poly(I:C) inhibited this stimulation. Poly(I:C) also inhibited the ability of VEGF to activate extracellular signal–regulated kinase-1, Akt, focal adhesion kinase, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and aeroallergen-induced adaptive helper T-cell type 2 inflammation. Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus also inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenesis.Conclusions: These studies demonstrate that poly(I:C) and respiratory viruses inhibit VEGF-induced tissue responses and adaptive helper T-cell type 2 inflammation and highlight the importance of a RLH- and type I IFN receptor–dependent pathway(s) in these regulatory events. They define a novel link between VEGF and antiviral and RLH innate immune responses and a novel pathway that regulates pulmonary VEGF activity.
Prospective Study of Breakfast Eating and Incident Coronary Heart Disease in a Cohort of Male US Health Professionals
Authors: Leah E. Cahill, Stephanie E. Chiuve, Rania A. Mekary, Majken K. Jensen, Alan J. Flint, Frank B. Hu, Eric B. Rimm
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Among adults, skipping meals is associated with excess body weight, hypertension, insulin resistance, and elevated fasting lipid concentrations. However, it remains unknown whether specific eating habits regardless of dietary composition influence coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. The objective of this study was to prospectively examine eating habits and risk of CHD. Methods and Results— Eating habits, including breakfast eating, were assessed in 1992 in 26 902 American men 45 to 82 years of age from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer. During 16 years of follow-up, 1527 incident CHD cases were diagnosed. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for CHD, adjusted for demographic, diet, lifestyle, and other CHD risk factors. Men who skipped breakfast had a 27% higher risk of CHD compared with men who did not (relative risk, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.53). Compared with men who did not eat late at night, those who ate late at night had a 55% higher CHD risk (relative risk, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–2.29). These associations were mediated by body mass index, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus. No association was observed between eating frequency (times per day) and risk of CHD. Conclusions— Eating breakfast was associated with significantly lower CHD risk in this cohort of male health professionals.
Long-term Outcome of Patients with Frequently Recurrent Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Carcinoma Treated with One Perioperative Plus Four Weekly Instillations of Mitomycin C Followed by Monthly Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or Alternating BCG and Interferon-α2b Instillations: Prospective Randomised FinnBladder-4 Study
Authors: Riikka Järvinen, Timo Marttila, Eero Kaasinen, Erkki Rintala, Sirpa Aaltomaa, Jukka Kallio, Tapani Liukkonen, Veli-Matti Puolakka, Marjo Seppänen, Kari Tuhkanen, Markku Vaarala, Jouko Viitanen, Peter J. Boström
Journal: European Urology (2015)
THE ETIOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF CIRRHOSES OF THE LIVER.
Authors: VICTOR C. VAUGHAN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The term cirrhosis was first applied to a pathologic condition of the liver, in 1819, by Laennec, who was led to select this name on account of the color of the liver—reddish-yellow or tawny. This term is an unfortunate one, inasmuch as the color of the liver in this disease varies with the relative amounts of fatty matter and biliary pigment in the tissue, and furthermore, it gives no indication of either the etiology or the pathology of the disease. Before Laennec, Fernel had written concerning the action of wine in causing scirrhus —induration—of the liver; Vesale had also discussed atrophy of the liver observed in alcoholics; Morgagni had spoken of ascites due to compression or occlusion of the intra-hepatic branches of the portal vein, and Baillie, in 1803, had recognized the relationship between dropsy and atrophy of the liver. However, credit should be given to the great teacher, Laennec,
Management of Emotional Disorders: A Manual for Physicians.
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The high percentage of psychiatric problems in the case-load of most physicians has long been recognized. It is rapidly becoming apparent that most such problems cannot and probably should not be referred to psychiatrists. The family doctor can cope with them, but often, because of lack of specific training, he fears to do so. Recently, several books have appeared written by psychiatrists and designed to help him. Of all such books this is one of the simplest and clearest. Chapman describes, with a minimum of theoretical discussion, the common emotional disorders. He tells how the patient looks, acts, and probably feels, outlines quite specifically what the doctor may say and do, and stresses the value of explanation, reassurance, advice, and medication. Although Chapman advises careful history-taking and willingness to listen to patients, he does not recommend extensive psychological exploration. Instead, he suggests that the few patients who require this be
Phenformin in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: LUBOMIR J. VALENTA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 July 1976Phenformin in Diabetes MellitusLUBOMIR J. VALENTA, M.D.LUBOMIR J. VALENTA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-1-126_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Phenformin is a biguanide that lowers serum glucose in diabetes mellitus, possibly by increasing peripheral utilization of glucose and decreasing its resorption from the gut.Lactic acidosis has been described in patients taking phenformin (1-4). In the UGDP study, phenformin toxicity has been implicated in an increased mortality (4). According to recent papers in this journal (3, 4), the risk of lactic acidosis and cardiovascular complications associated with phenformin medication overweighs its therapeutical value; its withdrawal from the therapy of diabetes has been recommended. However, in the case report (4) in which this conclusion was reached, phenformin...References1. Lactic acidosis in Diabetes mellitus (special communication). JAMA 184:47, 1963 Google Scholar2. MILLER M: Side effects of the biguanide therapy and the problem of lactic acidosis. 2. Internationales Biguanid Symposium, 5-6. May 1967. Stuttgart, George Thieme Verlag, 1968, pp. 147-153 Google Scholar3. WILLIAMSPALMER RJ: Farewell to phenformin for treating diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 83:567-568, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar4. BLUMENTHALSTREETEN SD: Phenformin-related lactic acidosis in a thirty-year-old man. Ann Intern Med 84:55-56, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LUBOMIR J. VALENTA, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1976Volume 85, Issue 1Page: 126-127KeywordsCardiovascular therapyDiabetes mellitusGlucoseLactic acidosisMortalityToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Patch-clamp evidence for calcium channels in apical membranes of rabbit kidney connecting tubules.
Authors: S Tan, K Lau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

To test the hypothesis that Ca channel plays a role in renal epithelial Ca transport, we exposed and patched apical membranes of freshly microdissected rabbit connecting tubules (CNTs). Single channel Ca currents were recorded with Ba as the charge carrier. In the cell-attached mode, 8-Br-cAMP increased the open-state probability (Po) to 0.6%. In excised, inside-out patches, Po was low spontaneously and remained low during either bath protein kinase A catalytic subunit (PKAcs) or Bay K 8644. Exposure to both agonists, however, unmasked Ca channels previously latent with only one, raising Po by 1.05% at membrane potential of -70 mV. Mean Po for 14 seals (2.57%) peaked at -70 mV, declining with either hyperpolarization or depolarization. The slope conductance was 25 pS. The extrapolated reversal potential (138 mV) agrees with the calculated equilibrium potential for Ca (158 mV). The Ca to Na permeability ratio exceeded 2,800. In four patches stimulated by Bay K 8644 and PKAcs, bath nifedipine reduced Po from 1.03 to 0.15% at -63 mV. These patch-clamp data demonstrate a selective, 25-pS, cAMP/PKAcs-sensitive Ca channel in apical membranes of CNT. Po is stimulated by PKAcs and dihydropyridine (DHP) agonist, but inhibited by DHP antagonist and by depolarization. The data are consistent with the potential role of apical membrane Ca channel in epithelial Ca transport.
Transcatheter Closure versus Medical Therapy of Patent Foramen Ovale and Presumed Paradoxical Thromboemboli
Authors: Paul Khairy, Clare P. O'Donnell, Michael J. Landzberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Background: The optimal strategy to prevent recurrent presumed paradoxical emboli in patients with patent foramen ovale is unknown. Purpose: To synthesize the current knowledge about and qualitatively assess the relative benefits of transcatheter closure versus medical therapy for patent foramen ovale. Data Sources: English-language and foreign-language journals listed in the MEDLINE database from January 1985 to July 2003 were systematically searched. Secondary sources were also used. Study Selection: Secondary prevention studies of transcatheter closure or medical therapy for patent foramen ovale were required to include at least 10 patients followed for more than 1 year and to report recurrent neurologic events. Data Extraction: Data from published studies were manually extracted and summarized. Data Synthesis: Ten studies of transcatheter closure (1355 patients) and 6 studies of medical therapy (895 patients) for patent foramen ovale were included. Overall, the 1-year rate of recurrent neurologic thromboembolism with transcatheter intervention was 0% to 4.9%, and the incidence of major and minor complications was 1.5% and 7.9%, respectively. Medical management was associated with a 1-year recurrence rate of 3.8% to 12.0%. However, limitations resulting from uncontrolled data, nonstandardized definitions, vigilance of follow-up, and baseline imbalances preclude definitive conclusions about the superiority of a particular approach. General differences in study samples included older age, greater proportion of men, and higher prevalence of diabetes and smoking among medically treated patients. Patients undergoing treatment with a transcatheter device were more likely to have had multiple thromboembolic events at baseline. Conclusion: Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale may prevent a substantial proportion of cryptogenic strokes. Randomized clinical trials are needed.
Depletion of platelets enhances therapeutic antitumor effects generated by therapeutic DNA vaccine
Authors: Sung Yong Lee, Tae Heung Kang, Jayne Knoff, Chien-Fu Hung, Tc Wu, Kyung Ho Kang, Jae Jeong Shim
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts It has been well established that platelets are associated with tumor progression and metastasis as they can support angiogenesis and prevent hemorrhage. As such, platelets may be an ideal target for enhancing anticancer immunotherapies. Thus, we hypothesized that inducing
Recent Advances in Anaesthesia and Analgesia.
Authors: Leonard Bachman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The ninth edition of this book is the descendant of a distinguished series of reviews. Dr. Hewer selected 12 specific areas in which he felt advances have occurred. A recognized British authority in each area was then asked to prepare a review. This book gives a decidedly English view of advances in anesthesia. The bias is practical rather than theoretical, and, as in any multi-authored compilation, the chapters vary widely in quality. I found the chapter on muscle relaxants, by Churchill-Davidson, to be the most valuable. It is concise and authoritative, and defines a changing and complex field. Hunter's chapters on mechanical ventilation of the lungs and the management of patients during artificial ventilation are thorough and the subject matter represents a real medical advance. The technique, when ideally carried out in a number of clinical conditions, is a triumph of scientific medicine. Robertson's section on intravenous anesthesia, although generally
A novel S-nitrosothiol causes prolonged and selective inhibition of platelet adhesion at sites of vascular injury
Authors: M Miller
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Objective: Platelet adhesion to areas of endothelial denudation following angioplasty is an important factor contributing to the limitations of this technique. Lipophilic S-nitrosothiols like S-nitroso-N-valerylpenicillamine (SNVP) are novel nitric oxide (NO) donor drugs with anti-platelet and vasodilator properties that are selective for areas of endothelial denudation. Here we assess the inhibitory effect of SNVP on platelet adhesion to angioplastied rabbit carotid arteries. Methods: A rabbit model was used to measure adhesion of radiolabelled platelets to carotid arteries following balloon angioplasty. The effects of SNVP were compared to the conventional NO donor, nitroglycerin (NTG). Electron microscopy was used to visualize adhering platelets. Results: Angioplasty resulted in endothelial denudation with only a modest reduction in vessel contractility. In vivo administration of NTG and SNVP (both 200 nmol) prevented the hyper-aggregability (∼20%) of circulating platelets caused by angioplasty. However, bolus NTG failed to inhibit adhesion of radiolabelled platelets 30 min after angioplasty, despite inducing a transient 30% reduction in systemic blood pressure. In contrast, equimolar SNVP had little effect on blood pressure but markedly inhibited platelet adhesion (62% compared to control; P=0.003). Platelet adhesion was confirmed with electron microscopy. Conclusion: The prolonged effects of SNVP at sites of endothelial damage suggest that novel S-nitrosothiols might offer a means of targeted delivery of an antiplatelet agent to areas of vascular injury.
Mace— Modern Acronym and Ancient Nomenclature
Authors: Alexander A. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The term "mace" refers to such disparate objects as relatively new as tear gas, as old as nutmeg spice, as medieval as a spiked club, and as universal as a "swindle." All these diverse types of mace are curiously related in more than name. Chemical Mace, referring to tear gas, is an acronym derived from the chemicals<i>M</i>ethylchloroform chloro<i>ACE</i>tophenone. The authors of the recent article,<sup>1</sup>"Contact Dermatitis Due to 1-Chloroacetophenone and Chemical Mace," state that "no documented reports of allergic contact dermatitis to this compound ( chloroacetophenone) were found in the literature." However, it must be pointed out that such reports have been appearing rather regularly throughout the past three decades.<sup>2-7</sup> As to mace, the aromatic spice consisting of the dried external covering of the fruit of the tropical nutmeg tree, it should be noted that the ingestion of 5 to 15 mg
Transient Loss of Femoral Head Tc-99m Diphosphonate Uptake with Prolonged Maintenance of Femoral Head Architecture
Authors: MICHAEL J. GELFAND, WILLIAM S. BALL, ALAN E. OESTREICH, ALVIN H. CRAWFORD, RICHARD JOLSON, AARON PERLMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Nine pediatric patients presented with synovitis and suspected Legg-Perthes disease, hemarthrosis, acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis, prolonged traumatic hip dislocation, or transcervical femoral fracture. All had hip scintigraphs that showed loss of Tc-99m diphosphonate uptake in the affected femoral head. Radiographic changes associated with aseptic necrosis failed to appear during the initial follow-up period of three to 14 months. Repeat scintigraphy showed complete revascularization in six cases and partial revascularization in two. Reambulation at 1.5 to eight months after presentation was accomplished without recurrence of pain in seven cases, without development of x-ray changes in 5 cases. Three children developed x-ray changes associated with avascular necrosis after reambulation, while one child had minimal x-ray changes. Some children with loss of uptake in the femoral head do not develop x-ray changes associated with aseptic necrosis.