tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum Creatine Kinase in the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Michael L. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To document optimal sampling frequency, we reviewed creatine kinase (CK) myocardial specific isoenzyme (CKMB) results in 314 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (MI). In 127 patients with elevated CK/CKMB, peak CK observed using all samples (every four-hour [Q4hr] method) was compared with results that would have been obtained had samples been taken on admission and either twice daily (every 12-hour [Q12hr] method) or once daily (every 24-hour [Q24hr] method). Although average peak CK was statistically different (Q4hr greater than Q12hr greater than Q24hr), major underestimation of peak CK (greater than or equal to 500 units/L) was uncommon (3%) using the Q12hr method, suggesting that Q12hr sampling is a practical, cost-effective approach for patients with suspected acute MI.
Temporal Changes in Myocardial Uptake on Serial Bone Scans in Two Cases of Presumed Senile Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: ROBERT M. DAVIDSON, DOROTHY S. LIN, MARCELLA KLIMA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Two unusual examples of cardiac uptake in elderly patients who had received serial bone scans, one with a “waxing” and the other with a “waning” pattern of myocardial tracer uptake, are presented. An apparent temporal discordance between echocardiographic and scintigraphic findings is noted. Neither of the two patients had clinical, electrocardiographic, or other laboratory evidence of old or new myocardial infarction. Possible causes for the temporal changes are described. Presumptive diagnoses of senile cardiac amyloidosis were made based on clinical findings, noninvasive imaging, and comparison with a historic cohort at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Houston.
Mr. W. A. C. SHILLIBEER
Authors: D. P. Chapman
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1980)

The picture the outsider has is a clear one of a fairly fixed central core of a few members who form the Executive, fiddling agitatedly while the future of sports medicine burns.Where does B.A.S.M. belong in the academic hierarchy?Where is B.A.S.M. in relation to the governing bodies?What services does B.A.S.M. organise for sportsmen themselves, either through prompt treatment of injuries or arrangement of scientific services?Is it true that B.A.S.M., like that worthy rival, The Institute of Sports Medicine, is in fact equally guilty of the latter's historic description of "doing nothing, but doing it impeccably"?Above all, if the American College of Sports Medicine can regularly turn out over 30 per cent of its membership at its four-day Annual Meeting and is highly organised into both professional and regional sub-sections, what on earth is B.A.S.M. trying to do with an active membership of less than 100 out of 1200, with no regional organisation, no professional sub-groupings and, by the look of it, and the Loughborough Annual Meeting appearances of it, pretty little central organisation either.
Ammonia Intoxication in a Patient with Congestive Heart Failure Receiving Ammonium Chloride Orally
Authors: Howard E. Ticktin, Joseph F. Fazekas, John M. Evans
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE liver in chronic congestive heart failure is usually enlarged and often tender, and shows histologic alterations of the lobules, particularly in their central portion.1 2 3 In more advanced cases the morphologic changes spread peripherally and may include fibrosis of the periportal areas as well. The physiologic counterpart of the anatomic lesion has been well documented by numerous investigations.1 , 4 5 6 7 More recent studies have shown that the degree of altered function and morphology tends to correlate with the severity of the heart failure.1 , 5 Evidence of cerebral dysfunction such as drowsiness, confusion, lethargy and even coma is occasionally associated with severe congestive heart . . .
Anaphylactic reactions to cinoxacin.
Authors: B. H. Stricker, G. Slagboom, R. Demaeseneer, V. Slootmaekers, I. Thijs, S. Olsson
Journal: BMJ (1988)

During 1981 to mid-1988 three cases of anaphylactic shock after treatment with the quinolone derivative cinoxacin were reviewed by the Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs and 17 cases of an anaphylactic type of reaction notified to the World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring. In five out of six patients for whom data were available the reaction began shortly after taking a single capsule of a second or next course of treatment. Cinoxacin is related to nalidixic acid, and one patient previously treated with that agent subsequently had an anaphylactoid reaction to cinoxacin and later developed a skin reaction to nalidixic acid. There were no deaths, and patients treated as an emergency with plasma expanders or with adrenaline and corticosteroids generally recovered promptly and uneventfully. In view of the potentially fatal consequences of anaphylactic reactions to cinoxacin and other quinolones doctors should take care when prescribing these drugs.
Mothers of Infants With the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Gwendolyn B. Scott, Margaret A. Fischl, Nancy Klimas, Mary Ann Fletcher, Gordon M. Dickinson, Robert S. Levine, Wade P. Parks
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Sixteen mothers of 22 infants with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex were followed up for evidence of clinical and immunologic abnormalities. With one exception, all mothers were clinically well at delivery but had evidence of immune dysfunction, with T-cell abnormalities and inverted T4/T8 ratios and/or elevation of serum immunoglobulin levels, particularly of IgG. During a follow-up period that averaged 30 months, AIDS developed in five of the mothers and AIDS-related complex in seven. Twelve subsequent pregnancies in 11 mothers produced four affected infants, suggesting that mothers can be persistently infected. Six mothers were delivered of subsequent infants who remain unaffected. These results suggest that the mothers are the likely source of infection in non-transfusion-associated cases of AIDS or AIDS-related complex in infants, that mothers have persistent immunologic abnormalities, and that they are at increased risk of developing AIDS or AIDS-related complex.
The role of surface functionalization of colloidal alumina particles on their controlled interactions with viruses
Authors: Fabian Meder, Julia Wehling, Artur Fink, Beate Piel, Kaibo Li, Kristian Frank, Andreas Rosenauer, Laura Treccani, Susan Koeppen, Andreas Dotzauer, Kurosch Rezwan
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
More Than a Trickle of Interest in Blood Substitutes
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

ABSTRACT WILL ARTIFICIAL red blood cells one day replace the genuine article? The answer seems to be a carefully qualified yes, and only in certain circumstances.Also, it seems that the evidence that will convince physicians and surgeons that such agents are practical substitutes for natural, oxygen-carrying red blood cells will be the accumulation of experience rather than data-sweeping, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. I don't think we'll come out with a clear criterion for the use of blood substitutes. There are no rigid standards of efficacy, says Robert M. Winslow, MD, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, Calif. This is the essential conclusion from a workshop held to determine the effectiveness of red blood cell substitutes.The workshop was the second to deal with the circumstances under which these products might be licensed. From the first meeting, in 1990, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a guide for manufacturers concerning safety
Familial idiopathic granulomatosis: sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease in two Indian families.
Authors: P Bambery, U Kaur, S R Bhusnurmath, J B Dilawari
Journal: Thorax (1991)

The coexistence of sarcoidosis and Crohn9s disease in different members of the same family is rare and only two instances are on record. Two Indian families showing this association have been studied. In one a brother and sister are affected, and in the other seven and possibly eight persons in two generations have been affected. The familial occurrence of both these conditions supports the view that a transmissible agent may be concerned in the genesis of both diseases in genetically susceptible individuals.
Nonfinancial Conflicts of Interest in Research
Authors: Norman G Levinsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The dramatic growth in associations between investigators and industry has raised appropriate concern about financial conflicts of interest. Investigators are also faced with potent nonfinancial conflicts of interest. Because career advancement in academic medicine depends on grant awards and research publications, investigators have strong personal interests in the successful completion of their research studies, which often involve human subjects. In this essay, the author explores how nonfinancial interests of investigators can be at odds with the interests of research subjects and outlines an approach to better management of nonfinancial conflicts of interest.
Dietary fat selectively alters transport properties of rat jejunum.
Authors: A B Thomson, M Keelan, M T Clandinin, K Walker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

The influence of dietary fatty acid composition on intestinal active and passive transport function, brush border membrane composition, and morphology was examined in rats. Animals fed a semisynthetic diet high in saturated fatty acids demonstrated enhanced in vitro jejunal uptake of decanoic, dodecanoic, palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acid, as well as cholesterol and chenodeoxycholic and taurochenodeoxycholic acid, as compared with uptake in animals fed a semisynthetic diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids but equivalent in total content of fat and other nutrients, or as compared with Purina chow. Feeding the saturated fatty acid diet was also associated with reduced jejunal uptake of a range of concentrations of glucose, enhanced ileal uptake of leucine, unchanged uptake of galactose, and lower uptake of decanol. The semisynthetic diets did not alter brush border membrane protein, sucrase or alkaline phosphatase activities, cholesterol, or total phospholipids, although the percentage of jejunal amine phospholipids was higher than in rats fed chow. The morphologic differences between the jejunum and ileum were abolished in animals fed the high polyunsaturated fatty acid diet; in rats fed the high saturated fatty acid diet, there was reduced mean ileal villus height, width, thickness, surface area, cell size, and villus density, as well as reduced mucosal surface area. The changes in jejunal transport were not correlated with the alterations in morphology, unstirred layer resistance, food intake, or body weight gain. It is proposed that small changes in the percentage of total dietary lipids composed of essential and nonessential fatty acids (without concurrent alterations in dietary total fat, carbohydrate, or protein) influence active and passive intestinal transport processes in the rat.
Points: Treatment of oesophageal cancer
Authors: T R Terry, R M Kirk, M. P Shepherd, K. S Mullard
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Mr Richard Earlam has provided us with a clear exposition of the current mismanagement of oesophageal carcinoma in a regional hospital service (23 June, p 1892).Most doctors would agree that at presentation most cases of oesophageal carcinoma are incurable.'The aim of any treatment, therefore, is effective palliation-that is, relief of dysphagia-with consequent low morbidity and mortality.2The treatment statistics detailed by Mr Earlam clearly show that this goal is not being achieved in the North East Thames region.It is likely that the hospital management of oesophageal carcinoma will improve only when all patients with this condition are urgently referred to multidisciplinary teams established in regional specialist centres.
Comment on: Chen et al. Utilizing the Second-Meal Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: Practical Use of a Soya-Yogurt Snack. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2552–2554
Authors: Filip K. Knop
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

In their brief report, Chen et al. (1) describe the impact of a nutrient preload (30 g soya beans + 75 g yogurt) on postbreakfast plasma glucose (PG), plasma free fatty acid (FFA), and serum insulin and C-peptide concentrations in 10 patients with type 2 diabetes. The soya-yogurt preload (given 2 h before breakfast) in itself elicited small rises in PG and serum insulin concentrations and moderate inhibition of plasma FFA concentrations (1). The preload had no impact on postbreakfast insulin levels, and FFA levels fell to the same nadir following breakfast with or without preload (1). Nevertheless, as shown before …
Influence of the MCAT on Premedical Curricula
Authors: Howard Markel, Robert M. Oneal, Arthur J. Vander, Terry Noah, Andrew Zweifler, Bert G. Hornback
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> RecentlyThe Journalpublished an article entitled "Liberal Arts and the Premedical Curriculum" by John T. Bruer, PhD, and Kenneth S. Warren, MD (1981; 245:364). The essay concerned itself with the present problem of the "premed syndrome," a disease in which the afflicted runs around for four years (usually in a college town) doing anything and everything to get into medical school. The essay tried to assure premedical students that the medical school admissions committees do not care what their major was during the undergraduate years, be it biochemistry or history of art, as long as their prerequisite premedical courses were successfully completed. Furthermore, the authors emphasized the need for physicians who are well versed in the humanities, hinting that the prospective physician might be a better one, as he would be able to communicate more effectively with his patients. While the article made several excellent suggestions
Treatment of Behcet Disease with Pentoxifylline
Authors: Mustafa Arici
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 March 1997Treatment of Behcet Disease with PentoxifyllineMustafa Arici, MD, Sedat Kiraz, MD, and Ihsan Ertenli, MDMustafa Arici, MDHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author, Sedat Kiraz, MDHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author, and Ihsan Ertenli, MDHacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-6-199703150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their recent report [1], Yasui and associates suggest that pentoxifylline treatment improves neutrophil function and clinical symptoms, particularly the ocular involvement in three patients with Behcet disease. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of pentoxifylline have been found to be applicable in some rheumatologic disorders [2]. In patients with anticardiolipin antibody-induced retinal vasculitis, for example, pentoxifylline is a favored therapeutic approach [3]. In addition, the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies has been reported to have pathogenetic implications in the development of retinal vascular derangements in Behcet disease [4]. However, the paucity of the literature makes it difficult to ...References1. Yasui K, Ohta K, Kobayashi M, Aizawa T, Komiyama A. Successful treatment of Behcet disease with pentoxifylline. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:891-3. Google Scholar2. Anaya JM, Espinoza LR. Phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline: an antiinflammatory/immunomodulatory drug potentially useful in some rheumatic diseases. J Rheumatol. 1995; 22:595-9. Google Scholar3. Bick RL, Baker WF. The antiphospholipid and thrombosis syndromes. Med Clin North Am. 1994; 78:667-84. Google Scholar4. Hull RG, Harris EN, Gharavi AE, Tincani A, Asherson RA, Valesini G, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies: occurrence in Behcet's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 1984; 43:746-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mustafa Arici, MD; Sedat Kiraz, MD; Ihsan Ertenli, MDAffiliations: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGenetics and immunodysfunction underlying Behçet’s disease and immunomodulant treatment approachesThalidomide: an emerging drug in oral mucosal lesions 15 March 1997Volume 126, Issue 6Page: 493-494KeywordsAntibodiesNeutrophilsPathogensVascular diseasesVasculitis ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A CORRELATION OF CLINICAL AND HEMODYNAMIC STUDIES IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTHYROIDISM WITH AND WITHOUT CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE *
Authors: John S. Graettinger, Joseph J. Muenster, Louis A. Selverstone, James A. Campbell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1959)

The occurrence of congestive heart failure dur- ing the course of hyperthyroidism has frequently been observed, as has its amelioration after re- establishment of the euthyroid state.The ma- jority of patients in whom congestive failure has appeared have been believed to have myocardial disease of other etiology (1, 2), but the probability that the circulatory load imposed by hyperthy- roidism can cause even the otherwise healthy heart to fail has also been suggested (3)(4)(5).During investigation of the hemodynamic consequences of the endogenous circulatory loads imposed by vari- ous disorders, we have obtained clinical and physi- ologic data in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism, seven of whom were or had been in congestive heart failure.At the time of study we were un- able to determine whether the congestive failure was principally attributable to myocardial damage antedating thyrotoxicosis, to a possibly direct toxic action of thyroxin on the myocardium, or might be due to the circulatory load imposed by this dis- ease overcoming the reserve of an otherwise healthy myocardium.Evaluation of these patients after they had become euthyroid disclosed that only five had residual heart disease.The meas- urements made in these patients with congestive failure differed significantly from those obtained in hyperthyroid patients not in failure; further- more, the patients in whom congestive failure had occurred could be subdivided into two significantly different groups on the basis of the hemodynamic data.It is our purpose in the present paper to
Risk Factors for Group B Streptococcal Disease in Adults
Authors: Lisa A. Jackson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

To determine risk factors for community-acquired and nosocomial group B streptococcal disease in adults.Case-control study.3 metropolitan areas in the United States with an aggregate population of 6.6 million persons.219 nonpregnant adults with invasive group B streptococcal infection identified by a population-based surveillance in 1991 and 1992 and 645 hospital-matched controls.The following conditions were associated with a significantly increased risk for community-acquired group B streptococcal infection after controlling for age in multivariate analysis: cirrhosis (odds ratio, 9.7 [95% CI, 3.5 to 26.9]; P < 0.001), diabetes (odds ratio, 3.0 [CI, 1.9 to 4.7]; P < 0.001), stroke (odds ratio, 3.5 [CI, 1.9 to 6.4]; P < 0.001), breast cancer (odds ratio, 4.0 [CI, 1.6 to 9.8]; P = 0.002), decubitus ulcer (odd ratio, 4.0 [CI, 1.6 to 9.8]; P = 0.002), and neurogenic bladder (odds ratio, 4.6 [CI, 1.4 to 15.1]; P = 0.01). Sixty-three percent of community case-patients had at least one of these conditions. Nosocomial infection (48 cases [22%]) was independently associated with the placement of a central venous line (odds ratio, 30.9 [CI, 5.2 to 184.1]; P < 0.001), diabetes, congestive heart failure, and seizure disorder.Several chronic conditions were independently associated with group B streptococcal disease, and most case-patients had at least one of these conditions. If group B streptococcal vaccines being developed for prevention of neonatal disease are protective in adults, a vaccination strategy targeting those at highest risk has the potential to substantially reduce the burden of invasive group B streptococcal infection in adults.
A case of obstructive jaundice caused by tuberculous lymphadenitis: A literature review
Authors: Su Jung Baik, Kwon Yoo, Tae Hun Kim, Il Hwan Moon, Min-Sun Cho
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2014)

Obstructive jaundice caused by tuberculous lymphadenitis is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis (TB), with 15 cases having been reported in Korea. We experienced a case of obstructive jaundice caused by pericholedochal tuberculous lymphadenitis in a 30-year-old man. The patient's initial serum total bilirubin level was 21.1 mg/dL. Abdominal computed tomography revealed narrowing of the bile duct by a conglomerated soft-tissue mass involving the main portal vein. Abrupt obstruction of the common bile duct was observed on cholangiography. Pathologic analysis of a ultrasonography-guided biopsy sample revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation, and an endoscopic examination revealed esophageal varices and active duodenal ulceration, the pathology of which was chronic noncaseating granulomatous inflammation. Hepaticojejunostomy was performed and pathologic analysis of the conglomerated soft-tissue mass revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseation of the lymph nodes. Tuberculous lymphadenitis should be considered in patients presenting with obstructive jaundice in an endemic area. Keywords: Tuberculosis; Lymphadenitis; Portal hypertension
ED-16 * HFE POLYMORPHISMS AFFECT SURVIVAL OF BRAIN TUMOR PATIENTS
Authors: S. Lee, B. Slagle-Webb, J. Sheehan, J. Zhu, J. Muscat, M. Glantz, J. Connor
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

The HFE protein plays a key role in the regulation of body iron. HFE polymorphisms (H63D and C282Y) are the common genetic variants in Caucasians. Based on frequency data, both HFE polymorphisms have been associated with increased risk in a number of cancers. The prevalence of the two major HFE polymorphisms in a human brain tumor patient population and the impact of HFE polymorphisms on survival have not been studied. In the present study, male GBM patients with H63D HFE polymorphism (H63D) have poorer overall survival than wild type (WT) male GBM (p = 0.03). In GBM patients with the C282Y HFE polymorphism (C282Y), female patients have shorter survival than male patients (p = 0.05). In addition, female metastatic brain tumor patients with C282Y have shorter survival times post diagnosis than WT patients (p = 0.02) or male metastatic brain tumor patients with C282Y (p = 0.02). There is a tendency toward a lower proportion of H63D genotype in GBM patients than a non-tumor control group (p = 0.09) or other subtypes of brain tumors. In conclusion, our study suggests that HFE genotype impacts survival of brain tumor patients in a gender specific manner. We previously reported that glioma and neuroblastoma cell lines with HFE polymorphisms show greater resistance to chemo and radiotherapy. Taken together, these data suggest HFE genotype is an important consideration for evaluating and planning therapeutic strategies in brain tumor patients. [This project was supported in part by the Tara Leah Witmer Endowment and Pennsylvania Department of Health Commonwealth Universal Research Enhancement (CURE) Program.]