tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RECENT MEDICAL CASES IN THE COURTS.
Authors: HENRY A. RILEY
Journal: JAMA (1891)

RECENT LEGISLATION TO REFORM CRIMINALS. A summary of legislation concerning the public health and the public morals was published not long since, covering the statutes enacted in the various States during the previous twelve months, and that portion relating to crime is of general interest. The writer says: "the statutes of several States reflect the humane and growing sentiment that the punishment of criminals should contemplate, and as far as possible provide for their reformation." Ohio authorizes general, or what are known as intermediate sentences for all persons for the first time convicted of felony below murder in the second degree, the board of managers of the penitentiary being authorized to terminate the imprisonment of any person so sentenced in case of good conduct, at not less than the minimum of imprisonment provided by law, and if sentenced for more than one successive term for separate offenses, to remit the
299 MIRNA EXPRESSION PROFILING OF LASER-MICRODISSECTED LIVER TISSUE FROM PATIENTS WITH HCV ASSOCIATED HCC REVEALS DISTINCT MIRNA-PATTERNS IN FOUR CHARACTERIZED SUB-COMPARTMENTS WITHIN THE TUMOR-INFILTRATED LIVER
Authors: J. Peveling-Oberhag, A. Seiz, C. Döring, V. Köberle, S. Hartmann, M.-L. Hansmann, S. Zeuzem, A. Piiper
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Noggin, impact on in vitro cell growth, expression pattern and the prognostic value in breast cancer.
Authors: L Ye, RE Mansel, WG Jiang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2084 Background: Noggin, a BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins) antagonist, has been demonstrated to play critical roles in regulation of biological functions of BMPs, members of the TGF-β superfamily and known regulators of bone metastasis in solid tumours including breast cancer. We have recently reported that the presence of endogenous noggin in cancer cells is a pivotal factor that governs the cells response to stimulation by bone morphogenetic protein, for example BMP-7. However, the role of noggin in breast cancer remains unclear. We presently investigated the role of Noggin in breast cancer cells and the pattern of expression in clinical breast tumours.&amp;#x2028; Methods: The expression of Noggin mRNA and presence of Noggin protein was examined in a cohort of human breast cancer specimens (normal, n=33; cancer, n=112), using both quantitative real time PCR and immunohitochemical staining, respectively. The full-length human Noggin was cloned into a mammalian expression plasmid vector (pEF/His TOPO TA plasmid vector). The constructed Noggin expressing constructs were then transfected into breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). The expression of Noggin in the transfected cells was determined using RT-PCR and western blot. The effect on growth of MDA-MB-231 cells by Noggin was investigated using an in vitro growth assay.&amp;#x2028; Results: Immunohistochemical staining revealed that Noggin protein was abundant in the cytoplasmic region of normal epithelial cells. Reduced staining of Noggin in breast cancer cells was seen when compared to normal breast tissue. Quantitative real time PCR further demonstrated that the decreasing Noggin expression correlated to poor prognosis, in that patients who remained disease-free showed a higher levels of the transcript (11113±3612) compared with those who had a poor clinical outcome (with metastasis and mortality, 6420±2241). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high Noggin level had a longer survival (134.4 (121.3-147.5 - 95%CI) months) that those with low levels (102.8 (80.8-124.8) months). The absorbance of MDA-MB-231 Noggin over-expressing (MDA-MB-231Nogginexp) cells of Day 5 is 1.07±0.13, p&amp;lt;0.01 vs both MDA-MB-231 wild type (MDA-MB-231WT, 1.54±0.08) and empty vector control (MDA-MB-231pEF/His, 1.72±0.17).&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: Noggin inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells and has a pattern of expression in that decreased Noggin expression correlates to poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2084.
Relation between consumption of alcohol and fatty acids esterifying serum cholesterol in healthy men.
Authors: J M Warnet, F Cambien, V Vernier, M Pecoraro, C Flament, P Ducimetiere, A Jacqueson, J L Richard, J R Claude
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The relation between consumption of alcohol (established by interview), two of its typical markers (gamma-glutamyltransferase activity and mean corpuscular volume), and the composition of fatty acids in plasma cholesterol esters was investigated in an epidemiological study of 1467 actively employed men aged 35-45. In this group of subjects mean consumption of alcohol was 34.6 (SD 25.2) g/day. Palmitoleic acid and oleic acid were positively correlated with consumption of alcohol, gamma-glutamyltransferase activity, and mean corpuscular volume, while linoleic acid was negatively correlated with these variables. When these three fatty acids, gamma-glutamyltransferase activity, mean corpuscular volume, and the fat content of the diet were introduced into a multivariate regression analysis, with consumption of alcohol as the dependent variable, only palmitoleic acid, gamma-glutamyltransferase activity, mean corpuscular volume, and the monounsaturated fat content of the diet remained significant. Palmitoleic acid seems to be an independent correlate of consumption of alcohol and could be useful in epidemiological and clinical studies as a variable of consumption.
Permanent Declines in Pulmonary Function Following Pneumonia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Persons
Authors: ALISON M. MORRIS, LAURENCE HUANG, PETER BACCHETTI, JOAN TURNER, PHILIP C. HOPEWELL, JEANNE M. WALLACE, PAUL A. KVALE, MARK J. ROSEN, JEFFREY GLASSROTH, LEE B. REICHMAN, JOHN D. STANSELL
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated respiratory infections, most notably Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), but also bacterial pneumonia (BP), result in reductions in lung function that have been studied mainly during the course of acute infection. Whether HIV-associated pneumonias also cause permanent changes in pulmonary function is unknown. In this study we investigated the long-term effects of PCP and BP on pulmonary function in a cohort of HIV-infected persons. One thousand, one hundred forty-nine HIV-infected persons were followed in a prospective, observational cohort study at six centers in the United States. Study participants had pulmonary function testing performed at regular preset intervals. PCP and BP diagnoses were verified with defined criteria. Longitudinal multivariate analysis was used to model pulmonary function in terms of demographic data and occurrence of PCP or BP. We found that PCP or BP was associated with permanent decreases in FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and the diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide. Neither infection resulted in statistically significant changes in TLC. We conclude that PCP and BP result in expiratory airflow reductions that persist after the acute infection resolves. The clinical implications of these changes are unknown, but they may contribute to prolonged respiratory complaints in HIV-infected patients who have had pneumonia.
Do Power Line—Generated Electromagnetic Fields Have Any Association With Certain Disorders?
Authors: Randy Ross
Journal: JAMA (1988)

SINCE THE MID-1960s, scientists have debated whether low-level electromagnetic fields generated by power lines represent a health hazard. Recent studies suggesting possible links between electromagnetic exposure and cancer have drawn renewed attention to this controversy.  For years, researchers have hypothesized links between electromagnetic fields and a variety of disorders ranging from malignant melanoma to mental illness. British investigators have suggested a link between electromagnetic exposure and suicide, while a Russian study indicated cardiovascular changes in electrical workers.  At least one literature review, by a London utility company scientist, discounted these and other associations ( JR Soc Med 1982;75:933-941). But epidemiologic and other studies have continued.  Among  Latest  In one of  latest laboratory studies, investigators at  University of California, Riverside, say their work indicates exposure to common sources of low-energy electromagnetic radiation—including overhead power lines— may promote growth of malignant tumors. However, they add that the research is not
The influence of the stable expression of BMP2 in fibrin clots on the remodelling and repair of osteochondral defects
Authors: Stephan Vogt, Gabriele Wexel, Thomas Tischer, Ulrike Schillinger, Peter Ueblacker, Bettina Wagner, Daniel Hensler, Jonas Wilisch, Christopher Geis, Daniela Wübbenhorst, Joachim Aigner, Michael Gerg, Achim Krüger, Gian M. Salzmann, Vladimir Martinek, Martina Anton, Christian Plank, Andreas B. Imhoff, Bernd Gansbacher
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Randomized Trials of Antioxidant Supplementation for Cancer Prevention
Authors: Peter H. Gann
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Helicobacter pylori infection and duodenal ulcer
Authors: J. Barrett
Journal: BMJ (1991)

resistant to nitroimidazoles.Indiscriminate use of drug regimens without known efficacy, and no facilities to monitor the H pylori state or sensitivi- ties, seem likely to encourage the development of resistant organisms to the level of 80% seen in parts of Africa -a level that is believed to be due to the frequent use of metronidazole in these popula- tions.;Although dual or perhaps even single regimens mav in the future be useful in treating H pylori infection, it seems premature and unwise to advocate wide use of regimens that do not have proved efficacy and may have drawbacks.
Evaluation of a General Anesthetic
Authors: Harry W. Linde
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Isoflurane is a nonflammable halogenated ether used as an inhalational anesthetic. It has physical, pharmacologic, and clinical properties similar to those of halothane and enflurane; however, it differs in important respects from both. It is a more potent muscle relaxant than halothane and does not have the CNS irritant properties of enflurane. It does not sensitize the myocardium to epinephrine as does halothane, and it undergoes less biotransformation than either enflurane or halothane. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:2335-2336)
Occurrence of B-cell lymphomas in patients with activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome
Authors: Sven Kracker, James Curtis, Mohammad A A Ibrahim, Anna Sediva, Jon Salisbury, Vit Campr, Marianne Debré, J David M Edgar, Kohsuke Imai, Capucine Picard, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Alain Fischer, Sergey Nejentsev, Anne Durandy
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Idioventricular Rhythm in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: EDWIN L. ROTHFELD, I. RICHARD ZUCKER, VICTOR PARSONNET, CESAR A. ALINSONORIN
Journal: Circulation (1968)

An ectopic ventricular rhythm (IVR) with a rate of 60 to 100/min was detected in 36 of 100 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction by constant monitoring of the electrocardiogram. This mechanism was not apparent clinically and was usually transient, lasting 4 to 30 beats. It was frequently associated with inferior myocardial infarction and usually occurred during sinus bradycardia or the slow phase of sinus arrhythmia. Unlike true paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia (PVT), IVR did not progress to ventricular fibrillation and did not influence the prognosis adversely. Recognition of IVR is important in order to avoid unnecessary and perhaps dangerous treatment with cardiosuppressive drugs and electrical cardioversion.
A prospective longitudinal study of methacholine airway responsiveness as a predictor of pulmonary-function decline: the Normative Aging Study.
Authors: G T O'Connor, D Sparrow, S T Weiss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

It has been hypothesized that nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness is a risk factor for accelerated pulmonary-function decline during aging and the development of chronic airflow obstruction. We tested this hypothesis in a prospective, longitudinal study of 912 middle-aged and older men (median age, 60 yr; range, 41 to 86 yr) participating in the Normative Aging Study (NAS). Subjects underwent methacholine challenge testing and spirometry at the time of a regularly scheduled NAS examination, and follow-up spirometry was performed after a median interval of 3.3 yr. Allergy skin testing with a panel of four aeroallergens (mixed grasses, mixed trees, ragweed, and house dust) was also performed at the initial examination. Methacholine responsiveness was expressed as the dose-response slope (DRS) (i.e., the slope of a line connecting the origin with the last point of the methacholine dose-response plot) in units of percent decline FEV1/mumol methacholine. The relationship of the methacholine DRS to the subsequent rate of annual decline in lung function (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) was examined using multiple linear-regression models with the rates of pulmonary-function decline as the outcome variables. After adjusting for age, height, smoking status, and initial level of lung function, the log10 DRS was a significant predictor of the rate of decline of FEV1 (regression coefficient beta = 12.8, p = 0.03) and FEV1/FVC x 100 (beta = 0.506, p = 0.0001), and a borderline significant predictor of FVC (beta = 15.3, p = 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Therapy of Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Disease Due to Atherothrombosis
Authors: J. Philip Kistler, Allan H. Ropper, Roberto C. Heros
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Therapy for Transient Ischemic Attacks Surgical Therapy Carotid endarterectomy remains the mainstay of the therapy for TIAs that are caused by carotid stenosis. First introduced in 1954 by Eastcott et al.,104 the procedure has been associated with a morbidity ranging from 1 to 20 per cent, depending largely on the patient population and the experience of the surgeon. 42,55, 105 106 107 108 109 Although many studies suggest that this procedure is effective in preventing additional TIAs or strokes,55, 105 106 107 , 109 , 110 its value is yet to be confirmed by a well-designed, controlled, randomized clinical trial. In the one multicenter controlled study published thus far, 24 centers randomly assigned . . .
Clinical impacts of hazardous alcohol use and obesity on the outcome of entecavir therapy in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: Won Gil Chung, Hong Joo Kim, Young Gil Choe, Hyo Sun Seok, Chang Wook Chon, Yong Kyun Cho, Byung Ik Kim, Young Yool Koh
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2012)

The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical impacts of obesity and hazardous alcohol use on the outcome of entecavir (ETV) therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.The medical records of 88 treatment-naïve patients who were diagnosed with CHB and received ETV between March 2007 and September 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Body mass index (BMI) values and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores were obtained at 6 months after the initiation of ETV (0.5 mg daily) treatment.A BMI of 25 kg/m(2) or more was recognized as an indicator of obesity, and a total AUDIT score of 8 or more was recognized as an indicator of hazardous alcohol use. Of the cohort, 24 patients (27.3%) were obese and 17 (19.3%) were hazardous alcohol users. The rate of seroconversion, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA negativity (<300 copies/mL) at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment did not differ significantly between the normal-BMI and high-BMI groups. Moreover, the rate of seroconversion and HBV-DNA negativity at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment did not differ significantly between the nonhazardous and hazardous alcohol users. However, the frequency of ALT normalization at 12 months was significantly lower among hazardous alcohol users (91.5% vs. 70.6%; P=0.033).Obesity and hazardous alcohol drinking have no significant impact on the outcome of ETV treatment. However, the ALT normalization rate at 12 months after initiation of ETV treatment was significantly lower among the hazardous alcohol users.
Hemodialysis for Isopropanol Poisoning
Authors: A. W. Freireich, Thomas J. Cinque, Gregory Xanthaky, David Landau
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

The use of extracorporeal hemodialysis in a patient who drank an extremely large quantity of isopropanol (isopropyl "rubbing" alcohol), described below, afforded us an opportunity to study blood, urine and dialysate levels of isopropanol and its chief metabolite, acetone.Case ReportV.M., a 59-year-old man, was admitted in coma to Meadowbrook Hospital on November 2, 1966, after having ingested 1 liter of isopropanol. The weight was 119 pounds (54.1 kg.) The blood pressure was 80/50; the pulse was 68, and the respirations 16 and shallow. Except for a +++ test for protein and a ++ test for acetone in the . . .
PCBs as environmental estrogens: turtle sex determination as a biomarker of environmental contamination.
Authors: J M Bergeron, D Crews, J A McLachlan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread, low-level environmental pollutants associated with adverse health effects such as immune suppression and teratogenicity. There is increasing evidence that some PCB compounds are capable of disrupting reproductive and endocrine function in fish, birds, and mammals, including humans, particularly during development. Research on the mechanism through which these compounds act to alter reproductive function indicates estrogenic activity, whereby the compounds may be altering sexual differentiation. Here we demonstrate the estrogenic effect of some PCBs by reversing gonadal sex in a reptile species that exhibits temperature-dependent sex determination.
Cisplatin-Based Combination Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced-Stage Testicular Cancer: Cost-Benefit Analysis
Authors: L. Shibley, M. Brown, J. Schuttinga, M. Rothen-berg, J. Whalen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

A cost-benefit analysis of the impact of cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy for treatment of disseminated testicular cancer showed that the annual estimated economic value of this treatment innovation in the United States is approximately $150 million. The estimate was based on the human capital approach, which conservatively values a human life in terms of economic productivity. Because testicular cancer predominantly strikes young adult males, the savings reported were due to the future earning potential of the survivors. A comparison of relevant National Cancer Institute (NCI) costs for drug development and clinical trials versus annual savings realized indicated that the total costs over a 17-year period are recovered in less than 1 year. This report is an example of health care cost savings resulting from NCI support of biomedical research. [J Natl Cancer Inst 82: 186–192, 1990]
The Common Feature of Leukemia-Associated IDH1 and IDH2 Mutations Is a Neomorphic Enzyme Activity Converting α-Ketoglutarate to 2-Hydroxyglutarate
Authors: Patrick S. Ward, Jay Patel, David R. Wise, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Bryson D. Bennett, Hilary A. Coller, Justin R. Cross, Valeria R. Fantin, Cyrus V. Hedvat, Alexander E. Perl, Joshua D. Rabinowitz, Martin Carroll, Shinsan M. Su, Kim A. Sharp, Ross L. Levine, Craig B. Thompson
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
Arterial Blood Gas Tensions and pH in Acute Asthma in Childhood
Authors: H. Simpson, J. O. Forfar, D. J. Grubb
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Studies of the arterial blood gas tensions and pH in 21 children during 24 acute attacks of asthma showed that all were hypoxic on admission to hospital, and in 10 there was evidence of carbon dioxide retention. Cyanosis, invariably present when the So<sub>2</sub> was below 85%, and restlessness in patients breathing air were the most reliable indices of the severity of hypoxia. There were no reliable clinical guides to the Pco<sub>2</sub> level. Conventional oxygen therapy in tents (25–40%) did not always relieve hypoxia, and in three cases the administration of oxygen at a concentration of 40% or over failed to produce a normal arterial oxygen tension. Uncontrolled oxygen therapy may aggravate respiratory acidosis, and three of our patients developed carbon dioxide narcosis while breathing oxygen. The necessity for blood gas measurements in the management of severe acute asthma in childhood is emphasized.
Cardiac mast cells: the centrepiece in adverse myocardial remodelling
Authors: S. P. Levick, G. C. Melendez, E. Plante, J. L. McLarty, G. L. Brower, J. S. Janicki
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

Increased numbers of mast cells have been reported in explanted human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy and in animal models of experimentally induced hypertension, myocardial infarction, and chronic volume overload secondary to aortocaval fistula and mitral regurgitation. Accordingly, mast cells have been implicated to have a major role in the pathophysiology of these cardiovascular disorders. In vitro studies have verified that mast cell proteases are capable of activating collagenase, gelatinases and stromelysin. Recent results have shown that with chronic ventricular volume overload, there is an elevation in mast cell density, which is associated with a concomitant increase in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and extracellular matrix degradation. However, the role of the cardiac mast cell is not one dimensional, with evidence from hypertension and cardiac transplantation studies suggesting that they can also assume a pro-fibrotic phenotype in the heart. These adverse events do not occur in mast cell deficient rodents or when cardiac mast cells are pharmacologically prevented from degranulating. This review is focused on the regulation and dual roles of cardiac mast cells in: (i) activating MMPs and causing myocardial fibrillar collagen degradation and (ii) causing fibrosis in the stressed, injured or diseased heart. Moreover, there is strong evidence that premenopausal female cardioprotection may at least partly be due to gender differences in cardiac mast cells. This too will be addressed.
In vivo distribution of β2 glycoprotein I under various pathophysiologic conditions
Authors: Chiara Agostinis, Stefania Biffi, Chiara Garrovo, Paolo Durigutto, Andrea Lorenzon, Alpan Bek, Roberta Bulla, Claudia Grossi, Maria O. Borghi, PierLuigi Meroni, Francesco Tedesco
Journal: Blood (2011)