tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The radial alveolar count method of Emery and Mithal: a reappraisal 2--intrauterine and early postnatal lung growth.
Authors: T P Cooney, W M Thurlbeck
Journal: Thorax (1982)

The radial count method of Emery and Mithal was applied to the lungs of 37 infants of gestational age 19-42 weeks. The method could be used satisfactorily to evaluate airspace-containing lungs, whether alveolated or non-alveolated (saccule-containing). There was a progressive increase in complexity of terminal lung units throughout gestation, and a smooth transition was effected at 1 month of age between the radial counts of the intrauterine cohort and those of a separate group used to study postnatal lung growth. In the intrauterine and early postnatal group radial count results correlated very closely with the total gestational age (gestational age plus survival time after birth) of the child (r = +0.93). Prior inflation of the lungs affected the radial counts of alveolated lungs much more than those of saccule-containing lungs, so that results correlated most closely with those of Emery and Mithal in the period up to 34 weeks9 gestation. Radial count estimation correlated better with total gestational age, crown-rump length, body weight, and fixed lung volume than did any other morphometric parameter assessed. The radial count method provides a reliable index of lung growth in intrauterine and early postnatal development.
Assessment of Mitochondrial Function in Vivo With A Breath Test Utilizing α—Ketoisocaproic Acid
Authors: Patrice A. Michaletz, Ludèk Cap, Elliot Alpert, Bernhard H. Lauterburg
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

A breath test to assess hepatic mitochondrial function in vivo was evaluated in rats. Following the i.p. administration of [1– 14 C]–α–ketoisocaproic acid, 14 CO 2 exhalation reached a peak within 10 to 20 min and then declined exponentially, with a half–life of 14.3 min. Control animals exhaled 38.6% of the administered radioactivity within 1 hr. In functionally anhepatic animals, 14 CO 2 in breath amounted to 23% of that in control animals, indicating that α–ketoisocaproic acid decarboxylation reflects mainly hepatic mitochondrial function in vivo . Ethanol (3 gm per kg) significantly decreased α–ketoisocaproic acid decarboxylation (21.8% of the dose appearing in breath in 1 hr), probably due to the ethanol–induced shift in the NAD + :NADH ratio. In contrast, an uncoupler of mitochondrial respiration, sodium salicylate (375 mg per kg), increased the decarboxylation of α—ketoisocaproic acid (56.3% of the dose recovered as 14 CO 2 in 1 hr). Mitochondrial damage induced by 4–pentenoic acid decreased the decarboxylation of α–ketoisocaproic acid but did not affect the microsomal metabolism of antipyrine. The present data indicate that the α–ketoisocaproic acid breath test provides a noninvasive estimate of hepatic mitochondrial function in vivo which, when applied to man, might yield clinically useful information.
Enhanced pharmacological activity of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL11) by chemical modification with polyethylene glycol
Authors: Akira Takagi, Noboru Yamashita, Tatsunobu Yoshioka, Yuuki Takaishi, Kyoko Sano, Hideto Yamaguchi, Atsushi Maeda, Katsumi Saito, Yoshinobu Takakura, Mitsuru Hashida
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2007)
A REPORT OF TWO CASES OF GANGRENOUS PANCREATITIS WITH DISSEMINATED FAT NECROSIS.
Authors: H. A. BRENNECKE
Journal: JAMA (1898)

While on the house staff of the Cook County Hospital two cases of gangrenous pancreatitis came under my observation. Although the knowledge of pancreatitis has greatly increased during the past few years instances of this interesting disease are still so infrequent that the following cases are deserving of report: <h3>Case 1.</h3> —Susie L., age 47, white, married, Irish; was admitted to the service of Dr. J. B. Murphy June 7, 1897. Her father and one sister died of tuberculosis, the mother is still living and well. The patient is the mother of three children and has had two miscarriages. The last labor occurred twelve years ago and in all labors the puerperium was normal. The menses were always normal. She denied all syphilitic history. Her daughter informed us later that for the past nine years she had been drinking brandy to excess. The patient informed us that she had had "Bright's
Chronic and Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: Thomas M. Durant
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Though the pericardium anatomically and physiologically constitutes a relatively unimportant structure, its strategic location when diseased gives it marked pathological significance, and, since 1913, when Rehn demonstrated that the chronically diseased pericardium could be successfully removed surgically, the importance of recognizing its involvement by disease has become paramount. Unfortunately, many persons suffering from serious pericardial pathology are mistakenly thought to have predominantly myocardial rather than pericardial involvement, and thus lose the opportunity to obtain the cure or near-cure offered by modern medical science. Similarly, the heart hampered by chronic pericardial effusion is often misdiagnosed, with consequent misfortune for the patient. There has been a long-term need for a book which summarizes the existing knowledge of the diseases of this strategic sac. Dr. Spodik's present volume is a supplement to one published in 1959 dealing with acute pericarditis. In each there has been presented an excellent review of a voluminous literature,
Vehicular Manslaughter: The Global Epidemic of Traffic Deaths
Authors: Richard Dahl
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

The number of motorized vehicles is climbing exponentially in developing countries, and so is the number of people killed in accidents involving those vehicles. Traffic crashes in poorer nations tend to be fatal more often than those in developed countries because they often involve pedestrians and riders in less protected vehicles such as rickshaws, bicycles, or motorcycles. Such accidents are now a leading cause of death in the developing world, and policy makers and citizen advocates are searching for effective ways to help solve this growing public health problem.
Gene expression changes with age in skin, adipose tissue, blood and brain
Authors: Daniel Glass, Ana Viñuela, Matthew N Davies, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Leopold Parts, David Knowles, Andrew A Brown, Åsa K Hedman, Kerrin S Small, Alfonso Buil, Elin Grundberg, Alexandra C Nica, Paola Di Meglio, Frank O Nestle, Mina Ryten, Richard Durbin, Mark I McCarthy, Panagiotis Deloukas, Emmanouil T Dermitzakis, Michael E Weale, Veronique Bataille, Tim D Spector
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated that gene expression levels change with age. These changes are hypothesized to influence the aging rate of an individual. We analyzed gene expression changes with age in abdominal skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue and lymphoblastoid cell lines in 856 female twins in the age range of 39-85 years. Additionally, we investigated genotypic variants involved in genotype-by-age interactions to understand how the genomic regulation of gene expression alters with age. Results Using a linear mixed model, differential expression with age was identified in 1,672 genes in skin and 188 genes in adipose tissue. Only two genes expressed in lymphoblastoid cell lines showed significant changes with age. Genes significantly regulated by age were compared with expression profiles in 10 brain regions from 100 postmortem brains aged 16 to 83 years. We identified only one age-related gene common to the three tissues. There were 12 genes that showed differential expression with age in both skin and brain tissue and three common to adipose and brain tissues. Conclusions Skin showed the most age-related gene expression changes of all the tissues investigated, with many of the genes being previously implicated in fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial activity, cancer and splicing. A significant proportion of age-related changes in gene expression appear to be tissue-specific with only a few genes sharing an age effect in expression across tissues. More research is needed to improve our understanding of the genetic influences on aging and the relationship with age-related diseases.
Blood Pressure Screening in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Stephen R. Daniels, Samuel S. Gidding
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Hexamethylenamin in Pellagra
Authors: Walter E. Vest
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Practical Demonstration of the Dangers of OptometryTo the Editor:\p=m-\Knowingthe active interest of the Asso- ciation in the wide-spread agitation for laws licensing opti- cians to examine for refractile errors and prescribe glasses, I have thought that a striking instance of the dangers of
Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Bo Isomaa, Peter Almgren, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Björn Forsén, Kaj Lahti, Michael Nissén, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Leif Groop
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

OBJECTIVE—To estimate the prevalence of and the cardiovascular risk associated with the metabolic syndrome using the new definition proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 4,483 subjects aged 35–70 years participating in a large family study of type 2 diabetes in Finland and Sweden (the Botnia study) were included in the analysis of cardiovascular risk associated with the metabolic syndrome. In subjects who had type 2 diabetes (n = 1,697), impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n = 798), or insulin-resistance with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (n = 1,988), the metabolic syndrome was defined as presence of at least two of the following risk factors: obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or microalbuminuria. Cardiovascular mortality was assessed in 3,606 subjects with a median follow-up of 6.9 years. RESULTS—In women and men, respectively, the metabolic syndrome was seen in 10 and 15% of subjects with NGT, 42 and 64% of those with IFG/IGT, and 78 and 84% of those with type 2 diabetes. The risk for coronary heart disease and stroke was increased threefold in subjects with the syndrome (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Cardiovascular mortality was markedly increased in subjects with the metabolic syndrome (12.0 vs. 2.2%, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Of the individual components of the metabolic syndrome, microalbuminuria conferred the strongest risk of cardiovascular death (RR 2.80; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS—The WHO definition of the metabolic syndrome identifies subjects with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and offers a tool for comparison of results from different studies.
Tercentenary of the first English book on tropical medicine, by Thomas Trapham of Jamaica.
Authors: M T Ashcroft
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Between 11 and 12 o'clock in  morning of 7 June 1692 occurred one of  most famous earthquakes in history, and  town of Port Royal in  island of Jamaica, described by writers of  time as  Babylon of  Caribbean' ' and the wickedest and richest city in  New World,'' slid into  sea. A con temporary pamphlet1 described  disaster and illustrated it with a crude woodcut, showing that  Trapham, a Physician in this Place was Miraculously saved, by hanging by  Hands upon  Rack of a Chimney and one of his children hanging about his Neck, were both saved by a Boat; but his Wife and  rest of his Children and Family were Lost. This drawing (fig 1) is  only pictorial representation known to exist of Dr Thomas Trapham, author of  first book in English on medicine in  tropics, A Discourse of  State of Health in  Island of Jamaica. With a provision therefore calculated from  air,  place and  water;  custom and manner of living, etc, published in London in 1679, 13 years before  earthquake and 300 years ago2 (fig 2).
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF UTERINE MYOMATA.
Authors: HENRY O. MARCY
Journal: JAMA (1898)

In the rapid progress of events, the timid steps earlier taken in a most careful way, in the devising of better surgical methods, are now naturally considered of little importance. However, historical studies are of interest and value: of interest, in that they show the thoughtful, reflective judgment of men who considered the gravity of the problems upon which a life is ever more or less dependent; of value, since they point out the way, open ever, but only, to the real student who seeks the ideal, regardless of self-interest; and especially in the fruitage of averted suffering and the saving of life beyond the hope of previous generations. Based upon ample data, collected with painstaking care, a generation ago, military surgery was rewritten and stands today as the enduring monument of my early master, the late George A. Otis, Surgeon U. S. Army. The slowly developing interest in the
Induction of ?-platelet-derived growth factor receptor in rat hepatic lipocytes during cellular activation in vivo and in culture Wong L, Yamasaki G, Johnson RL, Friedman SL. J Clin Invest 1994;94:1563?1569
Authors: M PINZANI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In hepatic fibrogenesis, stellate cells are activated leading to production and deposition of extracellular matrix. To clarify the role of PDGF-B in liver fibrogenesis, we overexpressed PDGF-B in the liver of transgenic mice.Transgenic mice for the conditional overexpression of PDGF-B in the liver under control of an albumin promoter were generated utilising the Cre/loxP system. Constitutive PDGF-B expression was achieved after breeding with mice expressing Cre-recombinase under actin promoter control. Tamoxifen inducible expression was achieved after breeding with mice expressing Cre under transthyretin receptor promoter control. Levels of fibrosis were assessed and the expression of regulators of matrix remodelling was measured.PDGF-B expression caused hepatic stellate cell and myofibroblast activation marked by alpha-smooth muscle actin and PDGFR-β expression. Liver fibrosis was verified macroscopically, histologically and by collagen I mRNA quantification in 4–6 week-old animals. MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were upregulated whereas TGF-β expression was unchanged.We identified PDGF-B as a proliferative and profibrogenic stimulus and potential inducer of stellate cell transdifferentiation in vivo. PDGF-B overexpression causes liver fibrosis without significantly upregulating TGF-β1, suggesting a TGF-β-independent mechanism. The established model provides a tool for testing anti-PDGF-B therapeutic strategies in liver fibrosis in vivo.
Heredofamilial deficiency of monocyte esterase in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A L Bell, G M Markey, M D McCaigue, D Middleton, J A McCormick, A G Wilson, T C Morris
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Deficiency of the monocyte ectoenzyme non-specific esterase is described in a heredofamilial pattern in four patients with rheumatoid arthritis. No association with HLA status or rheumatoid factor seropositivity was found.
Notes on a Case of Traumatic Epilepsy Successfully Treated by Trephining
Authors: T. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (1888)

effect, an effect peculiar to the extracts of these organs.The poison present in the adrenals is more like an organic acid or a "ptomatin" in its action; it paralyses the spinal cord, etc., and causes death by paralysinq the "bulbar centre," and especially the respiratory centre.Is this, tllen, the product of proteid disinte- gration which it is the province of the adrenals to pick out of the circulation and metabolise into a harmless substance, and which, when these organs are diseased, accumulates in the blood, and produces nervous symptoms and hyperthermia; for Foa and Pellacani\ found that it also produced increase of temperature?We know tllat thie poisonous alkaloids of animal origin, the ptomaines and leucomalnes,23 are products of "proteid disintegration."The poison of the adrenals is, however, probablly neither the one nor the other, but a nitrogenous, non-crystallisable sub- stance akin to Panum's septic poison; such bodies produce lhyper-
Polymorphisms in alcohol metabolizing enzyme genes and alcoholic cirrhosis in Japanese patients: A multivariate analysis*1
Authors: M YAMAUCHI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and P450IIE1 are the primary enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde and then to acetate. Genetic polymorphisms have been reported in ADH2, ADH3, ALDH2, and the 5'-flanking region of P450IIEI. In this study, we used multivariate analysis to determine which genetic polymorphisms in alcohol metabolizing enzymes were independently associated with the development of alcoholic cirrhosis. Thirty-four noncirrhotic alcoholic patients, including 27 with fatty liver and 7 with nonspecific changes, and 46 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis were studied. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in the ADH2 and P450IIE1 genes were detected by digestion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified DNA with MaeIII and RsaI, respectively. In the ALDH2 gene, RFLPs were detected by differences in the MboII site after PCR amplification. By multivariate analysis of four significant factors including total alcohol intake, ADH, ALDH, and P450IIE1 using the multiple logistic regression model, genotype ADH2(2)/ADH2(2) (P = .029) and genotype c1/c1 of P450IIE1 (P = .013) were found to be independently associated with alcoholic cirrhosis. The odds ratios for ADH2(2)/ADH2(2) genotype and the type A genotype of P450IIE1 (c1/c1) were 4.600 and 4.006, respectively. These results suggest that ADH2 and P450IIE1 gene polymorphisms may be independently associated with the development of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in Japan.
Abstract 3225: LEDGF IBD domain represents therapeutic target for MLL leukemia and HIV
Authors: Tomasz Cierpicki, Marcelo J. Murai, Jonathan Pollock, Trupta Purohit, Shihan He, Adam Yokom, Jay L. Hess, Andrew G. Muntean, Jolanta Grembecka
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF) is a chromatin associated protein implicated in cell survival, cancer, autoimmune diseases and HIV pathogenesis. LEDGF is also involved in recurring chromosomal translocations with nucleoporin NUP98 in acute leukemia, and the LEDGF/p75 isoform is consistently upregulated in a subset of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) resistant to chemotherapy. Moreover, it has been established that LEDGF is an essential co-factor required for oncogenic activity of MLL fusion proteins in leukemia. LEDGF interacts simultaneously with MLL and menin and is necessary for up-regulation of HOXA9 gene and for leukemogenic transformation by MLL fusion proteins in vivo. Therefore, LEDGF represent a valuable molecular target for therapeutic intervention as a novel targeted therapy for MLL leukemia patients. Furthermore, targeting LEDGF may represent an attractive alternative to inhibition of the menin-MLL interaction as it will allow preserving the function of menin, a known tumor suppressor in endocrine tissues. We determined the solution structure of MLL fragment bound to LEDGF IBD domain and identified a novel hydrophobic motif within MLL, which we called IBM2, that is required for high affinity interaction with LEDGF. Point mutations within IBM2 abolished leukemogenic activity of MLL-AF9, indicating that IBM2 represents a critical site for formation of a high affinity menin-MLL-LEDGF complex. Furthermore, we found that short peptide corresponding to IBM2 binds to IBD domain and disrupts the interaction of LEDGF with the menin-MLL complex, providing a proof of concept that the novel interface on IBD domain we identified represents a druggable site for small molecule intervention. LEDGF plays also an essential role in pathogenesis of HIV-1 virus and is required for integration of viral cDNA. Targeting HIV integrase to disrupt the interaction with LEDGF has been recognized as an attractive approach to develop new anti-viral agents. Importantly, the new MLL binding site on IBD domain we found overlaps with the binding site of HIV integrase. Therefore, targeting the IBM2 site on IBD may represent a novel approach to target the LEDGF-integrase interaction. In summary, our findings pave the way towards development of new therapeutic agents with dual applications for both MLL leukemias and HIV. Citation Format: Tomasz Cierpicki, Marcelo J. Murai, Jonathan Pollock, Trupta Purohit, Shihan He, Adam Yokom, Jay L. Hess, Andrew G. Muntean, Jolanta Grembecka. LEDGF IBD domain represents therapeutic target for MLL leukemia and HIV. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3225. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3225
Multifunctional Ti–(Ca,Zr)–(C,N,O,P) films for load-bearing implants
Authors: D.V. Shtansky, N.A. Gloushankova, I.A. Bashkova, M.A. Kharitonova, T.G. Moizhess, A.N. Sheveiko, F.V. Kiryukhantsev-Korneev, M.I. Petrzhik, E.A. Levashov
Journal: Biomaterials (2006)
Improving Health Care for the Poor-Reply
Authors: Eli Ginzberg
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I will comment briefly on the most severe criticisms evoked by my recent article. If Cook County Hospital in Chicago is meeting satisfactorily the needs of the Chicago poor, as Dr Milloy believes, that must be news to many of the Chicago poor and the citizenry at large. The medical and political leadership of the city and the state have been struggling these many years to decide on a preferred remedy for the dysfunctionalities of the hospital. A reasonable solution has still to emerge and be acted on. On the score of "class discrimination" in assessing the quality of the practitioners serving the poor, I apologize to both Drs Milloy and Reddy (see below) for a loose formulation. In extenuation, my comment was limited to many, surely not all, IMGs. The federal government has in operation the National Health Service Corps, a program that enables young physicians to
Integrative analysis reveals selective 9p24.1 amplification, increased PD-1 ligand expression, and further induction via JAK2 in nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Michael R. Green, Stefano Monti, Scott J. Rodig, Przemyslaw Juszczynski, Treeve Currie, Evan O'Donnell, Bjoern Chapuy, Kunihiko Takeyama, Donna Neuberg, Todd R. Golub, Jeffery L. Kutok, Margaret A. Shipp
Journal: Blood (2010)