tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography Provides New Insight Into Mechanisms of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation in Patients With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: K. Takahashi, A. Inage, I.M. Rebeyka, D.B. Ross, R.B. Thompson, A.S. Mackie, J.F. Smallhorn
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Tricuspid regurgitation in hypoplastic left heart syndrome has an impact on outcome, but its mechanisms remain unclear.Real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography was performed in 35 patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (age, 1 month to 10 years; 10 after first-stage Norwood, 12 after superior cavopulmonary shunt, 13 after Fontan). From the 3-dimensional data set, we marked the annulus in systole and diastole. At mid systole, we marked the location of the papillary muscle tip and point of chordal attachment to the leaflet. We traced the surfaces of the tricuspid valve leaflets and measured the volume of leaflet prolapse, tethering, annular and septal leaflet areas, and papillary muscle position. Seventeen patients had moderate tricuspid regurgitation (prolapse, 7; tethered leaflets, 7) and 18 mild (prolapse, 0; tethered leaflets, 7). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that moderate tricuspid regurgitation is associated with leaflet tethering and prolapse; that in hypoplastic left heart syndrome with tethered leaflets, the papillary muscle is displaced laterally and the tricuspid annulus is more planar; and that enlargement of the annulus at mid systole, small septal leaflet area, and age affect the degree of prolapse.In hypoplastic left heart syndrome, moderate tricuspid regurgitation may be associated with increasing age, geometrical changes of the annulus, leaflet prolapse, lateral papillary muscle displacement, and subsequent leaflet tethering, as well as a smaller septal leaflet.
The Importance of Patient Positioning in the Detection of Axillary Lymphatic Involvement With Tc-99m Sestamibi Scintimammography
Authors: NURI ARSLAN, EMEL OZTURK, SEYFETTIN ILGAN, HIKMET BAYHAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Tc-99m sestamibi scintimammography could be useful in the selection of patients for axillary dissection and may help to prevent complications associated with surgery. Although prone lateral scintimammography is ideal for breast imaging, neither anterior nor prone lateral acquisition is adequate for depiction of metastatic axillary lymph nodes, especially for some large patients whose chests are not completely in the field of view. The authors report a case of infiltrating ductal carcinoma in which multiple metastatic lymph nodes were detected with 30° anterior oblique acquisition. We conclude that 30° to 35° anterior oblique views with the axilla in the center of the field of view and close to the detector surface may better define axillary involvement.
Intravascular Clearance of Parasitized Erythrocytes in Rodent Malaria
Authors: Thomas C. Quinn, David J. Wyler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Little is known about host defense mechanisms responsible for protective immunity in malaria. The intravascular location of the infection suggested that removal of parasitized erythrocytes by reticuloendothelial organs might be important. To study this possibility, we examined the clearance of 51Crlabeled Plasmodium berghei-infected erythrocytes in rats. Infected erythrocytes were removed more rapidly from circulation than homologous uninfected erythrocytes. The rate of clearance of infected cells during the 1st hour after inoculation was approximately three times greater in rats rendered immune by prior infection than in control rats. This accelerated clearance resulted from greater splenic uptake in immune rats and appeared to correlate with spleen size. Since the clearance pattern of infected erythrocytes more closely resembled the clearance of Heinz body-containing uninfected erythrocytes than of antibody-coated (immunoglobulin G) uninfected erythrocytes, rheologic alterations of parasitized erythrocytes might be a more important determinant of clearance than an antibody-dependent process. During the phase of malaria infection in which increasing parasitemia is observed, organ uptake of infected erythrocytes did not increase despite splenic and hepatic enlargement. However during the spontaneous onset of resolution of malaria infection characterized by decreasing parasitemia, a marked enhancement of splenic clearance was noted. These observations suggest that sudden alteration in splenic clearance of parasitized erythrocytes might be important in the resolution of acute malaria.
Fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: results in 49 patients
Authors: J Tamburini, V Lévy, C Chaleteix, J P Fermand, A Delmer, L Stalniewicz, P Morel, F Dreyfus, M J Grange, B Christian, S Choquet, V Leblond
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
Genetic analysis of the antibody response to AAV2 and factor IX
Authors: Huang-Ge Zhang, Katherine A. High, Qi Wu, PingAr Yang, Alex Schlachterman, Shaohua Yu, Nengjun Yi, Hui-Chen Hsu, John D. Mountz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

We have analyzed the antibody response against either AAV2 or canine F.IX (cF.IX) in parental C57BL/6 (B6) and DBA/2 (D2) and 18 strains of B6 x D2 (BXD) recombinant inbred (RI) strains of mice after iv administration of AAV2-(ApoE)4/hAAT-cF.IX. There was a higher anti-AAV2 capsid response in B6 compared to D2 mice, with IgG2b being the major isotype separating the high and low responders in these two strains. In contrast, the antibody response to cF.IX was lower than the response to the AAV2 capsid and was limited to the IgG1 isotype in both strains. Genetic linkage analysis of the IgG2b anti-AAV2 antibody response in BXD RI strains revealed a significant locus at D4Mit164 (29 cM, LRS=15.3) and two suggestive loci at D6Mit16 (30.5 cM, LRS=11.2) and D17Mit187 (47.4 cM, LRS=13.1). Genetic linkage analysis of the IgG1 anti-cF.IX antibody response revealed a suggestive locus at D1Mit218 (67 cM, LRS=14.1). Significant epistatic interaction was found between two loci (D8Mit45 and D16Mit47; LOD=6.54) for anti-AAV2 and two other loci (D5Mit348 and D15Mit161; LOD=7.66) for anti-cF.IX. These results indicate that multiple genetic loci independently regulate the isotype-specific antibody response to the AAV2 capsid and the cF.IX transgene.
PTU-191 Circumferential resection margin &lt;1 mm following neoadjuvant chemotherapy does not adversely impact survival in patients undergoing oesophagectomy: Abstract PTU-191 Figure 1
Authors: K Patel, G Bouras, R Hejmadi, D Alderson, O Tucker
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The TNM 7 classification system for oesophageal cancer defines circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement as R0 (&gt;1 mm), R1a (&lt;1 mm), and R1b (involved margin). The prognostic importance of CRM involvement is unclear with previous studies demonstrating conflicting results. We evaluated survival according to CRM status for patients with locally advanced oesophageal adenocarcinoma who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to Ivor Lewis en bloc oesophagectomy with extended lymphadenectomy. <h3>Methods</h3> Since 2006, the CRM has been classified as R1a, R1b or R0, assessed by two specialist upper gastrointestinal pathologists in our unit. Since 2007, NAC prior to oesophagectomy was introduced as standard practice in patients with locally advanced oesophageal adenocarcinoma. A retrospective review of prospectively collected data were performed on all patients who underwent oesophagectomy for oesophageal and gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma including demographic data, NAC, final histology, 30, 60, 90 and in-hospital mortality, and survival. Patients with proximal and distal resection margin involvement were excluded. The primary outcome was overall survival evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. <h3>Results</h3> 63 consecutive resections were included. 62% (n=39) were R0, 25% (n=16) were R1a and 13% (n=8) were R1b. 2-year overall survival was 56%, 63% and 13% respectively, with a statistically significant reduction in survival between R1b and R1a/R0 (p&lt;0.05). Local recurrence rates were similar for R0 (8%), R1a (19%) and R1b (13%). The rate of distant metastases was higher in R1b (75%) compared to R0 (19%) and R1a (20.5%). Univariate analysis demonstrated that poor survival was associated with R1b but not R1a or R0. <h3>Conclusion</h3> R1a and R0 CRM are associated with equivalent recurrence (local and distant) and survival rates to R0 in patients with oesophageal and GOJ adenocarcinoma following NAC and oesophagectomy. R1a CRM involvement does not adversely survival in patients with oesophageal and GOJ adenocarcinoma following NAC. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Pultrum B</b>, <i>et al.</i> A critical appraisal of circumferential resection margins in esophageal carcinoma. <i>Ann Surg Oncol</i> 2010;<b>17</b>:812–20. 2. <b>Sujendran V</b>, <i>et al.</i> Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on circumferential margin positivity and its impact on prognosis in patients with resectable oesophageal cancer. <i>Br J Surg</i> 2008;<b>95</b>:191–4.
Hip osteoarthritis and dysplasia in Chinese men.
Authors: E M Lau, F Lin, D Lam, A Silman, P Croft
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

OBJECTIVE--To estimate the prevalence of hip osteoarthritis (OA hip) and hip dysplasia in a sample of Hong Kong men who were unselected with respect to hip symptoms. METHODS--The postmicturition films of 999 men aged 60-75 years, consecutive attenders for intravenous urography between 1987 and 1990 at a regional hospital, were reviewed. OA hip was diagnosed as the occurrence of two or more features of OA using a modified version of the Kellgren and Lawrence scale, or a minimal joint space of 1.5 mm or less. Hip dysplasia was defined as a centre-edge angle of less than 25 degrees, or an acetabular depth of less than 9 mm. The results were compared with British data obtained by similar methods. RESULTS--In the Hong Kong sample, the proportion of men with two or more features of osteoarthritis in at least one hip was about 50% that of the men in the British study (5.4% and 11.0%, respectively). Severe joint space narrowing (of 1.5 mm or less) occurred in 0.7% of the hips in Hong Kong men, compared with 2% in the British men. The proportion of hips with centre-edge angles less than 25 degrees was 4.5% in Hong Kong, compared with 3.6% in Britain, and the prevalence of shallow acetabular depth was greater in Chinese (14.5%) than in the British (2.1%). Radiographic measures of hip dysplasia were not associated with minimal joint space. CONCLUSIONS--Our results have confirmed the lower prevalence of radiographic hip osteoarthritis in Hong Kong men compared with British men. However, acetabular dysplasia was as prevalent among Chinese men as in the British sample. This is evidence against the hypothesis that variations in the frequency of hip osteoarthritis are caused by differences in the occurrence of hip dysplasia.
Enantiopure Chiral Poly(glycerol methacrylate) Self‐Assembled Monolayers Knock Down Protein Adsorption and Cell Adhesion
Authors: Zheng Li, Alexander Köwitsch, Guoying Zhou, Thomas Groth, Bodo Fuhrmann, Marcus Niepel, Elkin Amado, Jörg Kressler
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Abstract Chirality plays a fundamental role not only in biological systems, but also in synthetic materials intended for bio‐applications. Self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) are prepared on gold surfaces through a “grafting to” method from racemic or enantiopure chiral poly(glycerol methacrylate)s (PGMA( rac ), PGMA( R ), and PGMA( S )), having a thiol endgroup. Such SAMs constitute a chemically and structurally well‐defined model substrate for studying protein adsorption and cell adhesion as a function of the polymer chirality. Surface plasmon resonance measurements reveal that PGMA SAMs greatly reduce the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared to bare gold surfaces. Interestingly, enantiopure SAMs based on PGMA( R ) or PGMA( S ) show a significantly larger reduction in BSA adsorption than PGMA( rac )‐covered surfaces. Studies with the monocytic cell line THP‐1 show a similar relationship between enantiopurity of PGMA SAMs and the extent of cell adhesion. Ellipsometry and Raman spectroscopy measurements indicate that SAMs formed by PGMA( rac ) have a higher grafting density compared to SAMs of PGMA( R ) and PGMA( S ). This seems to be due to the ability of PGMA( rac ) to form more intermolecular hydrogen bonds among polymer chains compared to the enantiopure PGMAs. Circular dichroism spectroscopy provide evidence that enantiopure polymers adopt a chiral ordered conformation, most likely helical, in aqueous solutions. It is concluded that a higher water content of SAMs formed by enantiopure PGMA( S ) and PGMA( R ) SAMs arises from the macromolecular chiral conformation adopted by their enantiopure PGMA chains, and it is the decisive reason for the reduced BSA adsorption and cell adhesion as compared to PGMA( rac ) SAMs.
<i>C-fos</i> Assessment as a Marker of Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Effect
Authors: Antonio Jimeno, Peter Kulesza, Erik Kincaid, Nadia Bouaroud, Audrey Chan, Arlene Forastiere, Julie Brahmer, Douglas P. Clark, Manuel Hidalgo
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Factors predicting sensitivity to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) blockade are largely unknown and new strategies are being sought to individualize cancer therapy. This study evaluated the variation in the expression of the early response gene c-fos as a distal effect of EGFR inhibition and its relationship to antitumor effects. The growth-inhibitory and c-fos–modulating effects of gefitinib and erlotinib in human cancer cell lines (A431, CAL27, HN11, HuCCT1, and Hep2) were determined. Next, these cell lines were xenografted in mice and treated for 14 days with gefitinib (A431 and HuCCT1) or erlotinib (CAL27, HN11, and Hep2). Fine needle aspiration biopsy of tumors was done at baseline and after 14 days of therapy for c-fos assessment. In addition, we tested the feasibility of analyzing this marker in five paired tumor samples from a clinical trial of gefitinib in patients with solid tumors. In culture, gefitinib and erlotinib decreased c-fos mRNA levels in the susceptible cell lines A431, CAL27, and HN11; however, both drugs failed to achieve c-fos inhibition in resistant cells. Gefitinib or erlotinib abrogated the increase in c-fos expression in vivo in EGFR-sensitive A431, CAL27, and HN11 tumors but not in resistant strains. Ex vivo evaluation was feasible and predicted in vivo effects. The feasibility study in paired human tumor biopsies showed that this biomarker can be reliably measured in clinical materials. In summary, variations in c-fos expression reflect the pharmacologic actions of EGFR inhibitors in in vitro and in vivo models. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(4): 2385-90)
Female alopecia: the mediating effect of attachment patterns on changes in subjective health indicators
Authors: S. Schmidt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

The interrelationship between female alopecia and psychological disorders is complex, with a range of psychosocial consequences, but also antecedents. Psychosocial antecedents are to a large extent interpersonal and can be assumed to have a mediating effect on health care utilization and subjective health.To analyse whether changes in health-related quality of life (QoL) are mediated by relational or attachment styles and whether these styles are associated with a particular, dysmorphophobic type of alopecia.Seventy-four women with androgenetic and diffuse alopecia underwent psychological assessment at the first consultation at a university clinic and at 2 months' follow-up. Attachment styles were evaluated by an observer rating scale. As a primary endpoint a disease-specific QoL instrument was employed.Findings indicated an association between patients with nonvisible hair loss and the ambivalent attachment style. Global clinical impressions and attachment indicators, e.g. attachment security and coping strategies, showed significant contributions in predicting changes in the QoL scales 'self-esteem' and 'emotions'.These findings suggest that attachment security may be one of the underlying mechanisms mediating subjective health and that a specific attachment vulnerability can be identified in a subgroup of patients with female alopecia. Future studies will have to focus on the relevance of attachment patterns in the doctor-patient relationship and on psychotherapeutic interventions.
Techniques for studying adrenergic transmitter release in an isolated perfused artery
Authors: G. S. ALLEN, M. J. RAND, D. F. STORY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

Two preparations for studies of adrenergic transmitter release from arteries are described. Isolated segments of rabbit ear artery were incubated with (3H)-(-)-noradrenaline and the amounts of tritium released into the luminal perfusate and into the extraluminal superfusate were measured. Periarterial nerve stimulation at a frequency of 5 Hz increased the levels of radioactivity in the extraluminal superfusate. With higher frequencies of stimulation (20 and 50 Hz), there were increased levels of radioactivity in the perfusate and the superfusate, but over 90% of the total increase appeared in the extraluminal superfusate.
A novel retinoic/butyric hyaluronan ester for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: preliminary preclinical results
Authors: D Coradini, C Pellizzaro, I Scarlata, S Zorzet, C Garrovo, G Abolafio, A Speranza, M Fedeli, S Cantoni, G Sava, M G Daidone, A Perbellini
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Cooperation in Medical Practice
Authors: J. Madison Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1913)

including many unfortunates who are nigh unto death and are »pending all the money they have under the delusion, fostered by the cure-all doctors, that they can be fully restored to health."A CLEANUP PROMISED In Washington a law has been enacted providing for the prosecution pf persons who publish untrue, deceptive or mis¬ leading advertisements.The prosecuting attorney of the county in which Seattle is located has given it as his opinion that these advertising quack specialists can undoubtedly be icachcd under the law and driven from the city, and he expresses it us his intention to undertake prosecutions when the law becomes elfective in June of this year.The work of the Seattle Sun in thus exposing quack organizations similar to that of the "United Doctors" in the central West, deserves the highest praise.It is understood that the Post-1 nicUigencer, another lending paper of Seattle, has recently adopted the policy of excluding from its advertising columns all fraudu¬ lent medical advertising.
Effects of xerosis and ageing on epidermal proliferation and differentiation
Authors: M. ENGELKE, J‐M. JENSEN, S. EKANAYAKE‐MUDIYANSELAGE, E. PROKSCH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The hallmarks of dry skin (xerosis) are scaliness and loss of elasticity. Decreased hydration and a disturbed lipid content of the stratum corneum are also well-known features. The frequency of dry skin increases with ageing. The aim of this study was to examine if these known features of dry skin are related to changes in epidermal proliferation and differentiation. In addition, age-related changes in normal and in dry skin were examined: 62 volunteers were divided by clinical grading and biophysical measurements into groups with young/normal, young/dry, aged/normal and aged/dry skin. Biopsy samples from the lower legs (most severe dryness) were examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and by immunohistochemistry for epidermal proliferation, epidermal keratins and cornified envelope proteins. There was a slight increase in proliferation in both groups with dry skin compared with normal skin of the corresponding age. In aged/normal compared with young/normal skin there was a significant decrease in proliferation. However, epidermal proliferation was the same in aged/dry skin as in young/normal skin. For epidermal differentiation, an age-independent decrease of keratins K1 and K10 and an associated increase in the basal keratins K5 and K14 was detected in dry skin. There was also an age-independent premature expression of the cornified envelope protein involucrin. In contrast, loricrin expression was not influenced by dry skin conditions. In summary, epidermal proliferation was significantly decreased in aged/normal compared with young/normal skin. Dry skin showed significant changes in the epidermal expression of basal and differentiation-related keratins, and a premature expression of involucrin irrespective of age.
Consumer participation in research and health care
Authors: A. Liberati
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The quality and relevance of much clinical research fall short of patients' needs.1 Although there are many reasons for this, one is that clinical research has been delegated largely to the pharmaceutical industry, whose main motivation is its own economic welfare.2 Another reason is that research priorities do not flow from a transparent process where the views of all the relevant stakeholders are equally considered. With very rare exceptions—the case of the AIDS advocacy movement is an exemplar—patients and consumers have no voice in how research is prioritised, funded, and monitored. Indeed, the presence of lay people on research ethics commitees is common but there is a widespread belief that they are rarely influential.3 Even among progressive scientists and health professionals, a paternalistic attitude still prevails. They do not believe that patients and consumers can improve the decision making process as, they say, consumers lack the necessary knowledge and skills. But successful efforts to shift …
Relative effects of PTH and dietary phosphorus on calcitriol production in normal and azotemic rats
Authors: Serafin Tallon, Isabel Berdud, Alexis Hernandez, M. Teresa Concepcion, Yolanda Almaden, Armando Torres, Alejandro Martin-Malo, Arnold J. Felsenfeld, Pedro Aljama, Mariano Rodriguez
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
Steroids and Pro Wrestling
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal