tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical trial of optical mammography.
Authors: H Ogura, H Sakahara, H Nasu, C Teruya, D Yamashita, Y Ueda, E Ohmae, T Suzuki, M Oda, Y Yamashita
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #807 Objectives: Optical mammography (O-MMG), which utilizes near-infrared light for the detection of abnormal breast tissue, can be a potentially useful and non-invasive tool for the screening of breast cancer patients. Here we report on the results of our initial clinical trial using a time-resolved O-MMG system developed by Hamamatsu Photonics (Hamamatsu, Japan).&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods: In principle, the technique involves sequential irradiation of the breast tissue with a pulsed laser with a wavelength of 800 nm, which is then detected by the system at multiple sites after passing through the breast tissue. The irradiation takes place with the breast incorporated in a breast cup. The space between the cup and the breast tissue is filled with a liquid interface material, which is prepared beforehand on the basis of the optical properties of the breast tissue of each individual patient. The data are analyzed and tomographic images of the absorption coefficient of the breast are then reconstructed based on our tomographic reconstruction algorithm.&amp;#x2028; The clinical trial was started in January 2007. A total of forty-two breast cancer patients participated in the trial and written informed consent was obtained from all of the patients.&amp;#x2028; Results: Only optical properties without tomographic images were obtained for eight of the forty-two patients because of system malfunctions or due to patients' wishes. Higher absorption areas were noted in 22 out of the remaining 34 patients, which were identified as positive for abnormal breast tissue. No such positive tissue signals were identified in 12 patients.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: In this initial clinical trial, we believe that optical mammography as a non-invasive and painless investigative tool may have some advantages over conventional mammography in the initial screening of breast cancer patients. Currently, we launched multiwavelength measurements to improve the diagnostic performance.&amp;#x2028; This work was partially supported by a Grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan, to promote leading projects on "Research and Development of Technology for Measuring Vital Function Merged with Optical Technology."&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 807.
NHS reforms--why now?
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Views on the government’s plans for the NHS in England have come thick and fast since the Health and Social Care Bill was published last week (doi:10.1136/bmj.d507). They add to an already solid base of criticism that met last year’s white paper. The recent crop—from organisations representing GPs, hospital specialists, doctors in general, patients, managers, policy makers, and NHS employees—makes interesting reading (doi:10.1136/bmj.d413). Each is careful to acknowledge the logic of handing more power to clinicians and providing greater choice for patients, before itemising a raft of general and specific concerns.

Picking through the special interests is important. But whatever the various angles, and while acknowledging …
Quo Vadis?
Authors: Joseph A. Hill, Richard E. Kerber
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Cardiovascular medicine is weathering challenges on multiple fronts, and the paradigm of cardiovascular fellowship training has changed as a result. Methods and Results —On the basis of a review of the literature and surveys of former trainees, we have evaluated our Cardiovascular Fellowship Program at the University of Iowa. We have identified principles fundamental to the training of fellows. We extend these principles to propose practical ideas for responding to the challenges we face in the rapidly changing landscape of medicine in a new millennium. Conclusions —We have proposed a few principles and numerous concrete, practical suggestions that will guide our Cardiovascular Fellowship in the future. These ideas may prove useful to other training programs.
Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis and Probable Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Richard L. Lipman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

TWO CASES of retroperitoneal fibrosis were described by Ormond in 1948,<sup>1</sup>and since then more than 125 cases have been reported. The classical description of the disease includes symptoms of anorexia, fatigue, backache, and flank pain with progressive oliguria and azotemia. Pathologically, the triad of hydronephrosis, medial ureteral deviation, and external ureteral compression by a mass of fibrous tissue has been prominent. Suggestions as to the etiology of the entity have ranged from a neoplastic process, an organized retroperitoneal hematoma, a primary urinary infection, and more recently to a primary vasculitis and hypersensitivity reaction.<sup>2-5</sup>However, case reports demonstrating an association between idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and other collagen diseases are sparse. Although it is probable that the disorder should not be considered of a unitarian origin, the present report describes a patient with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis developing in the course of an illness suggestive of systemic lupus erythematosus. It
Recurrent genomic aberrations combined with deletions of various tumour suppressor genes may deregulate the G1/S transition in CD4+CD56+ haematodermic neoplasms and contribute to the aggressiveness of the disease
Authors: F Jardin, M Callanan, D Penther, P Ruminy, X Troussard, J P Kerckaert, M Figeac, F Parmentier, V Rainville, I Vaida, P Bertrand, A B Duval, J M Picquenot, L Chaperot, J P Marolleau, J Plumas, H Tilly, C Bastard
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
Life as a junior hospital doctor's spouse
Authors: L. Montgomerie
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Christmas my wife said that she could not take the situation any more and left.I think that this highlights two points.Firstly, the career structure of medicine, especially the surgical specialties, requires a high degree of mobility to find jobs and a large degree of luck to pass examinations with low pass rates that have become entrance examinations (rather than exit examinations) to higher training.Secondly, and most importantly, my experience has highlighted the need for good and continuing communication in a marriage.I thought that my wife and I had this, but, as events show, I was wrong.From speaking with a counsellor at Relate, I gather that doctors seem to be reluctant to admit to poor communication and usually leave it too late to seek help.I strongly endorse the need for an accessible counselling service for doctors and regular stress review.2Now I have another stress to cope with: if I have failed at the most important relationship of my life how can I presume to relate to patients?
Partial MCM4 deficiency in patients with growth retardation, adrenal insufficiency, and natural killer cell deficiency
Authors: Laure Gineau, Céline Cognet, Nihan Kara, Francis Peter Lach, Jean Dunne, Uma Veturi, Capucine Picard, Céline Trouillet, Céline Eidenschenk, Said Aoufouchi, Alexandre Alcaïs, Owen Smith, Frédéric Geissmann, Conleth Feighery, Laurent Abel, Agata Smogorzewska, Bruce Stillman, Eric Vivier, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Emmanuelle Jouanguy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Natural killer (NK) cells are circulating cytotoxic lymphocytes that exert potent and nonredundant antiviral activity and antitumoral activity in the mouse; however, their function in host defense in humans remains unclear. Here, we investigated 6 related patients with autosomal recessive growth retardation, adrenal insufficiency, and a selective NK cell deficiency characterized by a lack of the CD56dim NK subset. Using linkage analysis and fine mapping, we identified the disease-causing gene, MCM4, which encodes a component of the MCM2-7 helicase complex required for DNA replication. A splice-site mutation in the patients produced a frameshift, but the mutation was hypomorphic due to the creation of two new translation initiation methionine codons downstream of the premature termination codon. The patients’ fibroblasts exhibited genomic instability, which was rescued by expression of WT MCM4. These data indicate that the patients’ growth retardation and adrenal insufficiency likely reflect the ubiquitous but heterogeneous impact of the MCM4 mutation in various tissues. In addition, the specific loss of the NK CD56dim subset in patients was associated with a lower rate of NK CD56bright cell proliferation, and the maturation of NK CD56bright cells toward an NK CD56dim phenotype was tightly dependent on MCM4-dependent cell division. Thus, partial MCM4 deficiency results in a genetic syndrome of growth retardation with adrenal insufficiency and selective NK deficiency.
Dosage Errors Involving Opium
Authors: Paul F. Souney
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  We have recently detected three dosage errors related to the prescribing of deodorized tincture of opium (DTO). The notable factor is that all incidents were traced to identical origins. In each case, the prescriber went to the Physician's Desk Reference for dosage information. The index lists opium tincture and directs the user to the Parepectolin monograph. In all cases, the dosage of Parepectolin (1 to 2 tablespoons) was prescribed for DTO and subsequently administered. A DTO dose is normally 0.6 to 1.5 mL (equivalent to 6 to 15 mg of morphine sulfate), while Parepectolin (2 tablespoons) contains kaolin, 5.5 g; pectin, 162 mg; and paregoric, 3.7 mL (equivalent to approximately 1.48 mg of morphine sulfate). As is common practice, 1 controlled substances are stored on the nursing unit and administered from a stock supply before pharmacists' review of dosage.  The purpose of this letter is two-fold: (1)
Reversible Toxic Manifestations in Patients with Cirrhosis of the Liver Given Cation-Exchange Resins
Authors: George J. Gabuzda, Gerald B. Phillips, Charles S. Davidson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

SEVERAL reports attesting to the efficacy of cation-exchange resins as therapeutic adjuncts in the management of congestive cardiac failure1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 suggest their use in other clinical states associated with fluid retention. The resins are not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; when taken by mouth they act by binding sodium, thus preventing its absorption and resulting in excretion of the bound sodium in the stool.1 , 3 , 10 As sodium is bound, other cations, — for example, NH3+ or H+,—are released and are presumably available for absorption. Clinical evidence of toxicity has been meager, with the exception of the development of hypokalemia in some cases. . . .
Counting Generalist Physicians
Authors: Max D. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The definitions for and the methods used to count generalist and primary care physicians in a number of studies are fraught with problems.<sup>1-4</sup>For example, Dr Grumbach and colleagues<sup>4</sup>have suggested that the supply of generalist physicians was substantially less than the number usually reported from the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfile, but assumed that a physician with a subspecialty education, such as a cardiologist who devotes 60% of his or her time to general internal medicine, should not be included in the supply of generalist physicians. To study this issue in my state, in April 1995, a survey was sent to physicians with an active license to practice medicine in New Mexico as of March 15,1995, and 80% responded. Of the 1949 active nonfederal physicians living in New Mexico who responded, 793 reported a first or second specialty as 1 of the generalist specialties:
Quality-of-life management of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: J. J. DeCosse, W. J. Cennerazzo
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1997)

We have reviewed management of the patient with colorectal cancer both after primary treatment and in the palliative setting. Although we have addressed quantitative measures of quality of life as applied to patients with colorectal cancer, the limitations of combining disparate variables that encompass morbidity, an idealized lifestyle, and personal variation in interpretation of that lifestyle into a single number or point on a graph are self-evident. The caring family physician has a better intuitive integration of patient complexity than does the outcomes analyst. When the apparently cured patient returns to the family physician after initial operative treatment, recovery is just beginning. We have addressed the morbidity of surgery, the role of adjuvant treatments, the short-term and long-term effects of adjuvant treatments on quality of life, and the management of these effects. Restoration of quality of life extends beyond cure or survival and embraces repair of the patient's confidence and psychosocial well-being. The patient with persistent or recurrent colorectal cancer merits the entire range of medical skills of the family physician. Not all patient findings arise from cancer; other treatable medical and surgical diseases occur. If findings are from recurrent colorectal cancer, the patient may still be curable by treatment or may enjoy prolonged quality of life with or without anticancer treatment. Do not rush to judgment about remaining life span. Although pain control is the benchmark of palliative care, psychological elements that affect severity of pain and the invariably associated depression of the patient require the emotional support and compassion of the family physician.
Recruitment of Intracavernously Injected Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to the Major Pelvic Ganglion Improves Erectile Function in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury
Authors: Thomas M. Fandel, Maarten Albersen, Guiting Lin, Xuefeng Qiu, Hongxiu Ning, Lia Banie, Tom F. Lue, Ching-Shwun Lin
Journal: European Urology (2011)
F-18 FDG PET Scan Findings in a Case of Carcinoma of the Breast With a Rare Site of Metastases to the Gingival Region
Authors: Gaurav Malhotra, Narendra Nair, Sushma Awasare
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Malignant tumors of the breast have an inherent potential to metastasize more often to the regional lymph nodes. It is rare to find a metastasis to the oral region from a primary in the breast, but when this does occur, it usually involves the jawbones rather than the soft tissues. A 33-year-old premenopausal woman, a diagnosed case of locally advanced right breast carcinoma, underwent right modified radical mastectomy followed by chemotherapy as per the institutional protocol. She presented after 2 years with an exophytic growth in the upper alveolar region of the oral cavity. Biopsy indicated gingival metastasis from a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the breast. She was referred for F-18 FDG PET scan to evaluate the disease status before planning radiotherapy to the gingival metastasis. F-18 FDG PET scan was done after intravenous injection of 370 MBq (10 mCi) of tracer. Whole-body PET images were reconstructed in iterative algorithm (OSEM). Whole-body F-18 FDG PET scan showed hypermetabolic foci in the midmaxillary region (SUV max: 6.5), upper end of the right humerus, a large hypermetabolic area in the upper zone of the right lung with contiguous hilar node involvement on the right side of the lung, and an area of intense hypermetabolic activity in the left acetabular and ischial region. The present case demonstrates a rare site of metastasis in the oral region from carcinoma of the breast.
Successful treatment of pigmented purpuric dermatosis with griseoiulvin
Authors: K. Tamaki, N. Yasaka, A. Osada, N. Shibagaki, M. Furue
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article Successful treatment of pigmented purpuric dermatosis with griseoiulvin Get access K. Tamaki, K. Tamaki Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho, Nakakoma, Yamanashi 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Yasaka, N. Yasaka Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho, Nakakoma, Yamanashi 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Osada, A. Osada Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho, Nakakoma, Yamanashi 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Shibagaki, N. Shibagaki Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho, Nakakoma, Yamanashi 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Furue M. Furue Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho, Nakakoma, Yamanashi 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 132, Issue 1, 1 January 1995, Pages 159–160, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08650.x Published: 01 January 1995
THE EFFECT OF DIET ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE CANINE HEMATOPOIETIC FUNCTION TO DAMAGE BY AMIDOPYRINE
Authors: D. K. Miller, C. P. Rhoads
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

1. By feeding dogs a black tongue diet and at the same time administering amidopyrine, acute stomatitis and anemia may be produced. 2. Both stomatitis and anemia occur some time before they could be expected to appear as result of the diet feeding alone. 3. The anemia is associated with suppression of maturation of the hematopoietic bone marrow elements.
PREVALENCE AND MORTALITY RISK ASSOCIATED WITH POST-OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING THE NORWOOD OPERATION: ANALYSIS OF A NATIONAL CLINICAL DATABASE
Authors: Christoph P. Hornik, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Xia He, Audra Hodges, Robert DB Jaquiss, Marshall L. Jacobs, Jennifer S. Li, Sean M. O'Brien, Eric D. Peterson, Sara K. Pasquali
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Acute Myelofibrosis Mimicking Multiple Bone Metastases on Tc-99m MDP Bone Imaging
Authors: WIM J. G. OYEN, JOHN M. M. RAEMAEKERS, FRANS H. M. CORSTENS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Purpose Tc-99m bone scintigraphy is widely used for evaluation of osseous spread of malignant tumors. Patient A 60-year-old man had multiple areas of increased uptake on a bone scan in a pattern considered characteristic for extensive metastatic disease. However, a primary neoplasm could not be identified. Finally, acute myelofibrosis-a rare, fatal myeloproliferative syndrome-was diagnosed. Conclusion To avoid delays and extensive diagnostic procedures, acute myelofibrosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bone scans showing multiple hot spots. In such cases, a diagnosis can be made on an a tissue sample.
Serum Pepsin and Tubeless Gastric Analysis as Predictors of Stomach Cancer
Authors: John O. Pastore, Hiroo Kato, Joseph L. Belsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract From 1959 to 1962, 6859 Japanese clinic subjects had assays of serum peptic activity (referred to as  in this study). By 1969 the incidence of stomach cancer was three times higher among men whose pepsin levels had been below 200 μg per milliliter (tyrosine equivalents). A similar trend was not as clear among the women with low pepsins. In 1959, 1251 persons had Diagnex Blue (DB) tests for stomach acidity. There was, over the next 10 years, a significantly higher age-adjusted incidence of stomach cancer among those whose Diagnex Blue tests had been abnormal. A subgroup of 695 persons had both pepsin and Diagnex Blue testing. Those with both low serum pepsin levels and abnormal Diagnex Blue tests comprised only 3.5 per cent of the group but constituted over 30 per cent of the stomach cancers diagnosed. None of these results could be attributed to an effect of atomic-bomb radiation.
Psychiatric Symptoms in Disliked Medical Patients
Authors: Jean M. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Twenty-two patients seen in a clinic for systemic lupus erythematosus were tested for organicity, depression, anxiety, and hostility. Four of the clinic's physicians ranked these patients from most liked to least liked. In three of the four physicians, dislike was significantly correlated with the patient's degree of organicity. Ten of the patients were ranked among the three most disliked patients by one or more of the ranking physicians. This group of most disliked patients contained all patients with signs of organic brain damage and all suicidal patients. Dislike of a patient by the physician may be a clue to serious psychiatric impairment.
A NEW LEG-SPLINT FOR TRANSVERSE FRACTURE OF THE TIBIA.
Authors: EDWARD A. TRACY
Journal: JAMA (1901)

This paper considers, briefly: 1, why surgeons splint a broken leg; 2, the plaster-of-paris treatment for it; and 3, a new leg-splint devised by the writer. <h3>WHY SHOULD SURGEONS SPLINT A BROKEN LEG?</h3> The question, though elementary, is quite opportune, as shall be shown further on. Senn<sup>1</sup>says: "In the treatment of fractures as in the treatment of wounds of the soft parts accurate coaptation and effective fixation should be aimed at, so as to place the parts in the most favorable conditions to unite by the smallest possible amount of new material." Thomas Bryant,<sup>2</sup>in his manual, writes: "After the setting of the fracture, the essential part to be observed in its treatment is the immobility of the broken bone; and next to this, its exposure during the process of repair to render certain that the bone has maintained its right position." These quotations are sufficient to answer
Chest pain in people with normal coronary anatomy
Authors: G. Nijher, J. Weinman, C. Bass, J. Chambers
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Coronary angiography is often necessary for patients with chest pain, but 20% to 30% of examinations show normal anatomy.1 The use of angiography itself can contribute to symptoms in these patients, and non-organic factors are often overlooked. Providing a diagnosis may be less important than addressing a patient's concerns and fears.

Potentially irrevocable changes in social circumstances may occur while a patient is on a long waiting list. The mean waiting time from the general practitioner's referral to angiography was 261 days in the United Kingdom in 1994 and about 60 days in Canada in 1993. 2 3 These delays provide ample time for adverse changes in lifestyle, work patterns or even losing a job, restriction in social and leisure activity, and disruption of family life. Such changes are directly related to time on the waiting list for coronary bypass …
Blood pressure and long-term mortality in United States hemodialysis patients: USRDS Waves 3 and 4 Study11The data reported here were supplied by the United States Renal Data System. Interpretation of these data is the responsibility of the authors, and in no way should be seen as an official policy or interpretation of the U.S. government.
Authors: Robert N. Foley, Charles A. Herzog, Allan J. Collins
Journal: Kidney International (2002)