tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SCOREO trial interim safety results: despite efficacy, late stent thrombosis with the QuaDDS-QP2 stent
Authors: Eberhard Grube, Karl Hauptmann, Antonio Colombo, Germano DiSciascio, Sigmund Silber, Roland Bach, Carlo DiMario, Nicholas Reifart, Jean Fajadet
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Bevacizumab for Patients with Metastatic Renal Cancer
Authors: James C. Yang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Most clear cell renal cell cancer (RCC) is caused by biallelic loss of the von Hippel-Lindau gene. One consequence of this loss is up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor via a pathway involving accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor. Vascular endothelial growth factor, a potent angiogenic factor, is secreted by many human cancers, but clear cell RCC as a group produces particularly high levels and has a highly vascular histologic appearance. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, we tested the use of a neutralizing antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor, bevacizumab, in patients with metastatic RCC. At 3 or 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks, toxic effects were minimal, with hypertension and proteinuria the most substantial events. There were four partial responses (10% response rate) and a highly substantial prolongation of time to tumor progression in patients who received the higher dose of bevacizumab. With a crossover design and very sensitive criteria for disease progression, no difference in survival was shown. Four patients have been undergoing long-term bevacizumab therapy without tumor progression for 3 to 5 years. Three have substantial proteinuria but retain normal renal function. A small pilot trial combining bevacizumab and thalidomide showed no unexpected toxic effects. Future trials should consider combination therapies and strategies in which patients are treated through initial disease progression with antiangiogenic agents such as bevacizumab.
Questions remain as Hong Kong's avian flu crisis continues
Authors: J. McManus
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The outbreak of avian flu in Hong Kong continues to ring alarm bells and dominate headlines worldwide. The H5N1 influenza A virus has been confirmed in 16 people and is suspected in another four cases. Four people have died, and three remain in a critical condition.

Because these are the world's first reported human cases of a flu strain previously known to infect only birds, fears have been raised that the virus might spark a flu pandemic. There are too many unanswered questions, however, for anyone to be sure. For example, researchers have yet to determine the original source of the virus, the mode of transmission from birds to humans, whether human to human transmission is possible, what the incidence is in Hong Kong, whether fowl or animals apart from chickens are affected, whether anyone in mainland China has been infected with the disease, and the rate at which the virus is mutating.

The outbreak began in early May, when a 3 year old boy died from respiratory failure secondary to viral pneumonia. When scientists at Hong Kong's Department of Health could not identify the strain they sent specimens to …
HIGHER NEUTROPHIL / LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IS RELATED TO LOWER EJECTION FRACTION AND HIGHER ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN STEMI PATIENTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY PCI
Authors: Yaron Arbel, Yacov Shacham, Ariel Finkelstein, Amir Halkin, Miri Revivo, Itzhak Herz, Gad Keren, Shmuel Banai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) receptor (Enbrel) as an effective therapeutic strategy in chronic severe asthma
Authors: K. Babu, S.H. Arshad, P.H. Howarth, A.J. Chauhan, E.J. Bell, S. Puddicombe, D.E. Davies, S.T. Holgate
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Ross's post-mortem appearances.
Authors: J. F. Kuzma
Journal: JAMA (1963)

According to the authors, this book is a concise description of the anatomical changes encountered at the autopsy, and, as such, it is to serve as a guide for the undergraduate and trainee-pathologist. It is assumed that the autopsy physician will be investigating a known or proven disease and, by use of this text, will know what to look for and be able to evaluate his findings. Objective descriptions of anatomical changes, for the purpose of accurate identification, are sparingly employed, whereas no consideration is given to differential diagnosis. It is further assumed that the autopsy is always "complete." For example, in the discussion of kidney and heart, no mention is made of the finding of hamartomas or a rhabdomyoma, respectively, which should direct the attention of the examiner to investigate the brain for tuberous sclerosis. On the other hand, these are mentioned under "Tuberous Sclerosis." The student of pathology
Benefits and Risks of Aspirin Use—Reply
Authors: Antonio Nicolucci, Giorgia De Berardis, Fabio Pellegrini
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE TEACHING OF MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY
Authors: HENRY EDMUND MELENEY
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The present trend in medical education in the United States favors a reduction in the number of detailed facts presented to the student. There is a growing desire to treat the student as one who is working for a postgraduate degree rather than as an undergraduate, allowing him more free time to think and relax, and more choice in the selection of his courses. At the same time, some subjects have been demanding a more prominent place in the medical curriculum. One of these is parasitology, which, in most of the medical schools of this country, has until recently received scant attention. Only four of the medical schools in the Southern states, where this subject is most important, describe in their bulletins instruction in parasitology which seems to be at all commensurate with its importance. How to meet the double necessity of reducing the curriculum and, at the same time,
CD25 expression status improves prognostic risk classification in AML independent of established biomarkers: ECOG phase 3 trial, E1900
Authors: Mithat Gönen, Zhuoxin Sun, Maria E. Figueroa, Jay P. Patel, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Janis Racevskis, Rhett P. Ketterling, Hugo Fernandez, Jacob M. Rowe, Martin S. Tallman, Ari Melnick, Ross L. Levine, Elisabeth Paietta
Journal: Blood (2012)
Reactive pulmonary arterial hypertension after pulmonary venous constriction in the calf
Authors: E. D. SILOVE, W. D. TAVERNOR, C. L. BERRY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

An experimental model of pulmonary venous hypertension with reactive pulmonary arterial hypertension has been developed in the calf. Constriction of pulmonary veins resulted in progressive pulmonary arterial hypertension in calves studied over a period of three to four months. A significant relationship was established between the pulmonary arterial pressure and the histopathological appearance of the small pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary vascular responses had some similarities to those in mitral stenosis in humans.
ABC of AIDS. Control of infection policies.
Authors: D J Jeffries
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Intensive epidemiological studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have shown that it is not transmitted in the community by casual or intimate non-sexual contact.There are only four known cases of health Selected guidelines care staff being infected through inoculation injuries despite the fact that Advisory Committee on Dangerous hundreds of people are known to have had penetrating wounds from Pathogens LAV/HTLV l1l.The Causative instruments and needles used for HIV positive patients.A large survey of AgentofAIDS and Related Conditions.ward and laboratory staff(1758) who had been in constant contact with Revised Guidelines.DHSS, June 1986.infected patients and their body fluids since the beginning of the epidemic Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromeshowed two other possible cases of needlestick infection.Five cases of May 1985.infection have occurred after exposure of broken skin and mucous Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.membranes to the blood of HIV infected patients.Booklet 3. Guidance for Surgeons, With these facts in mind, it is important to design infection control Anaesthetists, Dentists and their teams in policies which, while protecting staff against the remote risk of infection dealing with patients infected with HTL V ///.DHSS, April 1986.from exposure ofmucous membrane and skin and from penetrating Children atSchool andProblems relatedto wounds, allow the patient to receive full medical and dental care.The AIDS.Department of Education and extremely low infectivity of HIV in health care, where inoculation injury is Science and Welsh Office, June 1986.relatively common, emphasises the much lower risks in the community Information and Guidance on AIDS for Local from patients with AIDS or asymptomatic carriers of HIV.The absence of a AuthorityStaff.DHSS, July 1986.threat to public health other than by sexual contact or blood transfer renders Acquired Immune DeficiencySyndrome. it unnecessary to consider any form of routine screening programme.Thus Guidance Notes for Environmental Health health care workers and society in general will need to adjust to the Officers.Institution of Environmental potential, albeit remote, risk ofexposure to the blood of others.In the Health Office, 1987.
Pulmonary Hemosiderosis and Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: George R. Buchanan, Gerald C. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Severe iron deficiency anemia, pulmonary infiltrates, and cutaneous hemorrhage associated with thrombocytopenia developed in a 7-year-old girl. A typical clinical course and the presence of abundant hemosiderinladen macrophages in the gastric juice and alveoli suggested a diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (PH). Investigation of the marked thrombocytopenia, not previously reported as a finding in IPH, resulted in the demonstration of antiplatelet antibody in the patient's serum and on her platelets. Response to corticosteroid administration and splenectomy was consistent with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The IPH and ITP may have occurred coincidentally in this patient, but certain pathophysiological similarities between these two disorders and ultimate development of a poorly defined fatal diffuse connective tissue disorder suggest that thrombocytopenia and intrapulmonary hemorrhage were related.
Down-regulation of the transcription factor ZAC1 upon pre- and postconditioning protects against I/R injury in the mouse myocardium
Authors: Anne Vincent, Gérald Gahide, Catherine Sportouch-Dukhan, Aurélie Covinhes, Alicia Franck-Miclo, François Roubille, Christian Barrère, Jérôme Adda, Christelle Dantec, Christelle Redt-Clouet, Christophe Piot, Joël Nargeot, Stéphanie Barrère-Lemaire
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

Myocardial infarction leads to heart failure and death. Ischaemic preconditioning (PreC) and postconditioning (PostC) reduce infarct size in animal models and human. Zac1 was identified as the only gene related to apoptosis and jointly down-regulated upon PreC and PostC. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of Zac1 down-regulation during ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) in vivo. C57BL/6 mice were submitted to myocardial I/R injury, PreC, or PostC protocols. QPCR and immunochemistry showed that Zac1 expression was down-regulated both at the transcriptional and the protein levels upon PreC and PostC. Zac1−/− Knockout mice (n = 7) developed smaller infarcts (54%) than Zac1+/+ littermates (n = 8) and decreased apoptosis (61.7%) in the ischaemic part of the left ventricle during I/R (Zac1−/−, n = 6 vs. Zac1+/+, n = 7; P = 0.0012). Mutants showed under control conditions a decrease of 53.9% in mRNA of Daxx, a pro-apoptotic protein playing a key role in I/R injuries (4.81 ± 0.77, n = 4 Zac1−/− mice vs. 10.44 ± 3.5, n = 7 Zac1+/+ mice; P = 0.0121). Our study shows for the first time that Zac1 is down-regulated both at the transcriptional and protein levels upon PreC and PostC in wild-type mice. Moreover, inactivation of Zac1 in vivo is associated with a decreased amount of Daxx transcripts and, upon I/R injury, decreased infarct size and apoptosis. Altogether, our results show that Zac1 down-regulation plays a key role during cardioprotection against I/R injury and support the concept that cardioprotection regulates a network of interacting pro-apoptotic genes including Zac1 and Daxx.
Recurrent Crohn's disease in transplanted bowel
Authors: Nedjema Sustento-Reodica, Phillip Ruiz, Arvey Rogers, Ana L Viciana, Harold O Conn, Andreas G Tzakis
Journal: The Lancet (1997)

Intestinal transplantation is used in patients with short-bowel syndrome after repeated resections for Crohn's disease. We report the apparent clinical recurrence of Crohn's disease in a transplanted intestine.The patient, a 33-year-old Hispanic woman, underwent small-bowel transplantation in December, 1994. Immunosuppression with tacrolimus, methylprednisolone, bone-marrow infusions, and OKT3 was given. In July, 1995, the patient had recurrent abdominal symptoms. The histological diagnosis of Crohn's disease was established by the independent interpretations of four experienced gastrointestinal histopathologists.The prompt appearance of this autoimmune disorder (within 6 months of transplantation), despite massive immunosuppression may provide important insights into the nature of Crohn's disease and of the recurrence of autoimmune disease during immunosuppression.
Oral 8, A case of pyoderma gangrenosum in association with autoimmune neutropenia of infancy
Authors: A. Mehta, C.R. Charman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Oral 8, A case of pyoderma gangrenosum in association with autoimmune neutropenia of infancy Get access A. Mehta, A. Mehta Department of Dermatology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.R. Charman C.R. Charman Department of Dermatology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 6, 1 June 2007, Page 1405, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07876_8.x Published: 01 June 2007
A survey to assess training and competence in the insertion and management of sengstaken-blakemore tubes among trainee gastroenterologists
Authors: C. S. Rutter, I. Ahmed, S. Hazeldine, S. Hughes
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A UK wide audit of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in 2007 showed overall mortality was 10% – varices were identified in 8% of these patients1. The SIGN guidelines (2008) adopted by the BSG, recommend that balloon tamponade should be considered as a temporary salvage treatment for variceal haemorrhage which has not been controlled by endoscopic and drug therapy2. Unlike previous Gastroenterology StR/SpR curricula, competence in placing and managing Sengstaken–Blakemore (SB) tubes is included in the 2010 curriculum and should be assessed by DOPS. <h3>Methods</h3> This survey aimed to determine trainee confidence in the insertion and management of SB tubes and to suggest how training should be delivered. In addition we asked the opinions of consultant gastroenterologists. An online survey was emailed to all trainees and consultants in the Severn and South West Peninsula deaneries. <h3>Results</h3> The survey was sent to 34 trainees with a 71% response rate. 47% were ST3 or 4 with the remaining 53% ST5, 6 or SpRs. 75% of trainees have been involved in managing patients with SB tubes averaging 3 patients in the last 5 years. 96% felt SB tubes are a useful management option and 50% have seen one deployed by a senior colleague. Only 38% felt confident to insert a SB tube independently and 25% are confident to give management instructions to nursing or junior medical staff. 100% of trainees felt there should be formal training. The survey was sent to 65 consultants with a 40% response rate. 77% had used SB tubes in an average of 3 patients in the last 5 years. 96% felt trainees should be competent in inserting SB tubes and have formal training. 88% did not know if SB tubes are a component of the 2010 curriculum with only 12% saying yes. With regards to training, 46% of trainees preferred a session integrated into a regional training day, followed by 29% who wanted a study day including a model/simulation session. 35% of consultants felt either of these methods would be suitable. 17% of trainees wanted an e-learning module followed by model/simulation session. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This survey demonstrates that the insertion and management of SB tubes is a weak area in gastroenterology training. This must be addressed, particularly as it is included in the 2010 StR curriculum requiring demonstration of competence. Trainees and consultants agree there should be formal training in this skill ideally as a model/simulation session or at a regional training day.
Effect of inhaled L-arginine on exhaled nitric oxide in normal and asthmatic subjects
Authors: M. A Sapienza, S. A Kharitonov, I. Horvath, K F. Chung, P. J Barnes
Journal: Thorax (1998)

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important part in the regulation of many physiological functions and may also be involved in several pulmonary diseases. Endogenous NO is synthesised by different isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) from L-arginine.The effect of inhaled L-arginine 0.75 g (six normal and six asthmatic subjects), 1.5 g (six normal and six asthmatic subjects), and 3 g (seven normal and six asthmatic subjects) has been studied in a double blind placebo controlled, randomised, parallel group design study. In addition, the effect of a single dose (3 g) of inhaled L-alanine has been assessed in five normal and five asthmatic subjects.L-arginine increased exhaled NO in a dose-dependent fashion with a maximum at 60 minutes. The cumulative effect of L-arginine (3 g) on NO in asthmatic subjects, expressed as the area under the curve in arbitrary units (au) and compared with the effect of placebo (0.9% NaCl), was significantly higher (mean 0.11 au; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03 to 0.19) than in normal subjects (0.012 au; 95% CI 0.002 to 0.022). There was a negative correlation (r = -0.72) between the increase in exhaled NO and the fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (0.034 au, 95% CI 0.030 to 0.038) after 3 g L-arginine in asthmatic subjects. Inhalation of 3 g of L-alanine produced a similar reduction in FEV1 (0.033 au, 95% CI 0.007 to 0.059) but no significantly different changes in exhaled NO (0.017 au, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.039) compared with placebo (0.020 au, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.042).An increase in the amount of substrate for NOS increases the formation of endogenous NO. L-arginine may have therapeutic potential in diseases in which there is defective production of NO, but in asthma it may amplify the inflammatory response in the airways.
IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF ANTITOXIN PRODUCED IN NORMAL AND ALLERGIC INDIVIDUALS HYPERIMMUNIZED WITH DIPHTHERIA TOXOID
Authors: William J. Kuhns, A. M. Pappenheimer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

1. The immunological properties of two contrasting types of human antisera, each containing a high titer of diphtheria antitoxin, have been investigated. 2. Sera which contain only non-precipitating antitoxin exhibit most of the properties of atopic reagin-containing sera. This type of antitoxin is capable of sensitizing normal human skin to toxin or toxoid and remains for many weeks in the injected area. It exhibits no Danysz effect, does not fix complement unless very large amounts of serum are used, and can be specifically coprecipitated by addition of precipitating antitoxin and toxin. On the other hand, it is capable of sensitizing guinea pigs to fatal anaphylactic shock. Heating at 56 degrees C. for 4 hours destroys the skin-sensitizing properties and results in almost quantitative conversion to a modified antitoxin which is capable of blocking the wheal and erythema reaction caused by injection of toxoid into sensitized skin. Heating at 56 degrees C. does not result in an appreciable loss of neutralizing power as judged by tests in rabbit and human skin. The anaphylactogenic property of nonprecipitating antibody is likewise unaffected by heat at 56 degrees C. 3. Precipitating antitoxin is incapable of sensitizing normal skin to toxin or toxoid and disappears rapidly from the injected sites. It fixes complement to high titer and sensitizes guinea pigs to fatal anaphylactic shock. It was possible to demonstrate inhibition of the wheal and erythema reaction in sensitized skin by injecting certain mixtures of precipitating antitoxin and toxoid. 4. The two antitoxic sera studied in greatest detail represented extreme cases. Many persons immunized with toxoid developed both precipitating and nonprecipitating antitoxin simultaneously.
Influence of cardiac fiber orientation on wavefront voltage, conduction velocity, and tissue resistivity in the dog.
Authors: D E Roberts, L T Hersh, A M Scher
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

When the canine epicardium is stimulated, the spread of epicardial excitation is 2.4 times faster parallel to the long axes of the cardiac fibers than perpendicular to them. Likewise, gross tissue resistivity is lower parallel to fibers by a factor of 3.2, and the voltage across the depolarization wave is approximately three times as great in the longitudinal direction. Equations are presented which relate these variables. Theoretical considerations confirm the experimental finding that the potentials around a wave of depolarization cannot be accounted for by the conventional hypothesis that the wavefront is a uniform double-layer current source.
Pleural Effusion-Reply
Authors: Donald D. Storey
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our survey consisted entirely of adults. The age range was 27 to 79 years, and although the majority were over 50 years, there were several between the ages of 35 and 50 years.  We're certain that Dr Stead would agree with us that tuberculosis is still a very active problem in American medicine, and we sincerely hope that our article will not cause physicians to overlook this disease as a cause for pleural effusion, no matter what the patient's age. This is why we recommended a culture for Mycobacterium in all effusions in which the physician has no idea of the cause. However, we also feel that there are several clinical situations in which the chance of the effusion being the result of tuberculosis must be less than 1%. It is in these situations that we feel a culture for tuberculosis is a very low-yield procedure and may