tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4496: Differential inhibition by microtubule stabilizing agents of 2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol photoaffinity labeling of tubulins from different eukaryotic sources.
Authors: Chia-Ping H. Yang, Hui Xiao, Susan Band Horwitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Distinct α- and β-tubulin isotypes are present in different quantities in diverse eukaryotic cells. The tritium-labeled photoaffinity Taxol analog, 2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol, was used to photolabel tubulins prepared from HeLa cells, bovine brain and chicken erythrocytes. A 5-fold molar excess of unlabeled compound inhibited the photolabeling of tubulin by &amp;gt;90%, demonstrating the specificity of this photolabeling. Tubulin isotype content varies from one source to another, particularly for chicken erythrocytes that contain only one α-tubulin and one β-tubulin (α1 and βVI). 2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol photoaffinity labeling of tubulin was carried out in the presence of six different microtubule stabilizing agents, including Taxol, epothilone B, discodermolide, ixabepilone, laulimalide and peloruside A. The inhibitory effects elicited by Taxol, epothilone B, discodermolide and ixabepilone, at a 5-fold molar excess, on photolabeling are different for tubulins prepared from different sources. Taxol had a minimal inhibitory effect on HeLa and bovine brain tubulin, but a strong inhibitory effect on chicken erythrocyte tubulin. Discodermolide exhibited opposite effects on photolabeling, compared to those of Taxol. This is most likely due to the presence of distinct tubulin isotypes in different sources. However, laulimalide and peloruside A that are known to bind to a different site than Taxol in β-tubulin, stimulated photolabeling of tubulins from all three sources. Stathmin (S) plays an important role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics through sequestering tubulin (T) into a T2S complex. When stathmin was incubated, in the presence of 1 mM CaCl2, with chicken erythrocyte tubulin at a tubulin:stathmin ratio of 2:1, followed by incubation with tritium-labeled 2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol in a buffer containing EGTA, photolabeling of β-tubulin was markedly reduced, suggesting that stathmin inhibited binding of Taxol to tubulin. Radiolabeled photoaffinity drug analogs are useful tools for determining drug binding affinities for the different tubulin isotypes. We are currently analyzing binding affinities of 2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol to different bovine brain tubulin isotypes resolved by isoelectrofocusing. Citation Format: Chia-Ping H. Yang, Hui Xiao, Susan Band Horwitz. Differential inhibition by microtubule stabilizing agents of 2-(m-azidobenzoyl)Taxol photoaffinity labeling of tubulins from different eukaryotic sources. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4496. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4496
ON THE OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF THE SEVERER FORMS OF ENTROPIUM AND TRICHIASIS.
Authors: HERMAN KNAPP
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Nothing original is claimed for what I have to say. I merely beg to submit to your judgment my preference for a method of treatment, as it has developed by personal experience during years of labor in one of the most common fields of ophthalmology. With your permission, I will introduce and exemplify my remarks by the report of a case, the only one I shall report. Dec. 6, 1890, Mrs. F. W. C., of Boston, came to me with chronic trachoma. Both eyelids turned in, lashes irregularly scattered over the rounded free margin, many on the inner edge. Pannus over the whole cornea. V., 20-200. The inner surface of the lids showing an irregular network of cicatrices with projecting islets of swollen mucous membrane between the fiber tracts (xerosis glabra). Palpebral fissure narrowed. Constant lacrymation, some mucous discharge, incessant irritation. Daily touchings with the sulphate of copper crystal did
A Longitudinal Study of Blood Pressure
Authors: WILLIAM R. HARLAN, ROBERT K. OSBORNE, ASHTON GRAYBIEL
Journal: Circulation (1962)

A longitudinal study of blood pressure in a homogeneous group of young men followed over an 18-year period has been presented. Seven hundred and eighty-five (96 per cent) of the surviving members have been re-evaluated, and the mean age at the time of re-examination was 42 years. Frequency distribution curves of blood pressure yielded a unimodal distribution and indicated that blood pressure is a graded continuous variable. There was no evidence of natural bimodal distribution to suggest emergence of a qualitatively different population. Each individual tended to maintain his relative position within the distribution curve over the period of study, but this was modified by genetic and environmental factors. Significant correlations were found between the variables of weight and somatotype. A significantly greater increase in blood pressure was noted in association with increasing weight. Subjects with a predominance of ectomorphic characteristics had a smaller increment of blood pressure over the period of study. Endomorphic subjects had a greater increment of blood pressure. The changes in blood pressure related to somatotype were modified by weight, but not dependent upon an increase in weight. A family history of vascular disease was associated with a significantly greater increase in blood pressure. The greater increment in blood pressure associated with a positive family history was not dependent upon weight gain for its influence. There was no evidence that a positive family history separated a portion of the population ranked according to blood pressure. Analysis of the upper and lower segments of the distribution curves, revealed significant differences between the characteristics of each group. These differences followed the same pattern as the entire group but were quantitatively different. These results are discussed with regard to the concept that hypertension represents a quantitative difference in blood pressure resulting from a multiplicity of factors, both genetic and environmental.
Ineffectiveness of Progesterone Suppository Treatment for Premenstrual Syndrome
Authors: Ellen Freeman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Progesterone is the most widely used treatment for premenstrual syndrome. To answer definitely the question of whether progesterone suppositories are effective for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of 168 women, receiving progesterone in doses of 400 and 800 mg or placebo, was carried out. Premenstrual symptoms were not significantly improved by progesterone compared with placebo in any measure used in the study, including daily symptom reports maintained throughout treatment, clinician evaluation of improvement, and patient global reports of symptoms severity, relief, and disruption of daily activity. No symptom cluster or individual symptom differed significantly between progesterone and placebo treatment. These treatment results were not significantly affected by fluctuations in response during the placebo washout period, pretreatment levels of depression or anxiety at either postmenstrual or premenstrual times, or any of 19 other background, medical history, or symptom variables examined individually as covariates with treatment.
Anti-HCV in patients wtih HBsAg positive or cryptogenic chronic hepatitis: Comparison between 1st and 2nd generation tests
Authors: E. Sagnelli, F.M. Felaco, M. Rapicetta, T. Stroffolini, A. Petruzziello, T. Annella, P. Chione, M. Guarino, L. Aprea, G. Pasquale, P. Filippini, F. Piccinino, G. Giustt
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
EXCISION OF LARGE ANGIOMA OF THE LIVER IN A DIABETIC
Authors: H. H. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1927)

fLnru 5, 192gj M~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ZrDCkL JouI produced in glucose, maltose, saccharose, laevulose, raffinose, salicin, inulin, dextrin, galactose, isodulcite, and arabinose.No change occurred in lactose, mannite, dulcite, adonite, sorbite, or inosite.Litmus milk was unchanged after seven days' incubation.Ehrlich's rosindol reaction was negative when tested on a six- day nutrient beef broth culture.It was not possible to examine the reaction in peptone water as the organism does not grow in this medium.The streptococcus does not haemolyse blood, nor does it appear to have any reaction upon neutral red.It is not soluble in bile.
Increased Sensitivity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Compared to Radionuclide Bone Scintigraphy in the Detection of Lymphoma of the Spine
Authors: GREGORY R. WEAVER, MARTIN P. SANDLER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

A 32-year-old male with lymphoma presented with low back pain. A radionuclide bone scan showed a cold lesion in a single vertebral body. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an additional lesion which had previously been undetected. In this case, magnetic resonance imaging had greater sensitivity than radionuclide scintigraphy in the detection of spinal lymphomatous disease.
Obama sidesteps usual procedures in naming new head of Medicare and Medicaid
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2010)

President Barack Obama has sidestepped the normal Senate confirmation process and named Donald Berwick as administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) when the Senate wasn’t sitting. The $800bn (£530bn; €635bn) programmes—Medicare for people aged 65 or over and Medicaid for people on low incomes and some disabled people—provide health insurance for about a third of all Americans.

Dr Berwick, a paediatrician, is affiliated with Harvard University and is president of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, a not for profit organisation that works to contain costs and close the gap in the quality of health care in the United States. He is …
Research passports haven't streamlined processes
Authors: C. L. Gardiner, M. Gott, C. Ingleton
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Rees and Wells note the barriers to conducting research in the NHS.1 The National Institute for Health Research has recently implemented a research passport system to ease the acquisition of multiple honorary contracts for multicentre research.2 In principle, the passport system removes many of the barriers to gaining contractual status (including multiple Criminal Record …
Abstract 4218: Potential roles of NF-kappa B pathways in breast cancer-initiating cells
Authors: Kunihiko Hinohara, Michiko Murohashi, Masahiko Kuroda, Takayuki Isagawa, Shingo Tsuji, Seiichiro Kobayashi, Kazuo Umezawa, Arinobu Tojo, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Noriko Gotoh
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests that Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) or cancer stem cells_which make up only a small proportion of heterogeneous tumor cells_possess a greater ability to maintain tumor formation than other tumor cell types. In human breast cancers, a population characterized by the expression of cell surface markers, CD24−/low/CD44+, was reported to be highly enriched in TICs as compared to CD24+/CD44+ cell populations. However, the signaling pathways activated in TICs that contribute to tumorigenesis are not fully understood. We observed various expression levels of CD24 and CD44 among 8 human breast cancer cell lines. The CD24−/low/CD44+ cell populations of HCC1954 and MCF7, breast cancer cell lines, generated significantly larger tumors than the CD24+/CD44+ cell populations in a xenograft model, suggesting that the CD24−/low/CD44+ cell populations have the properties of TICs at some extent. To identify expressed genes that were highly enriched in CD24−/low/CD44+ cell populations, we next performed DNA microarray analysis using HCC1954, MCF7, and HCC70 cell lines that have small populations of CD24−/low/CD44+ cells. We then applied a powerful analytical method called Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) for interpreting gene expression data. GSEA revealed that the CD24−/low/CD44+ cell populations are enriched for genes involved in a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or interferon (IFN) response pathway. TNF or IFN response pathway is involved in the expression of many inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, including IL8 and CCL5. We measured expression levels of IL8 and CCL5 by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and confirmed that they were expressed at significantly higher levels in CD24−/low/CD44+ cell populations compared with the CD24+/CD44+ cell populations. Moreover, we found the relatively high nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) activity in the CD24−/low/CD44+ cell populations. In addition, NF-kappa B inhibitor dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ) prevented tumorigenesis of CD24−/low/CD44+ cell populations in vivo. Our findings suggest that NF-kappa B play a crucial role for orchestration of transcription factors regulating breast cancer stem cell biology. Further studies will be presented about the mechanism of NF-kappa B activation and its role in breast TICs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4218.
THE ANATOXIC EFFECT OF BILE ON TYPHOSUS CULTURES
Authors: G. E. Pangalos
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Dr. Vincent, twenty years ago, pointed out that bile has an anatoxic effect on the germs of the intestinal flora, and by some recent experiments he proved that there were some albumins on which bile had a special effect, and called them the cryptotoxins. Ramon, Berthelot, Grasset and Miss Amoureux have studied the effect of bile on different toxins and fungi (tetanus, colon bacillus, dysentery and anthrax). It is understood that bile composed of lipoids, soap, fat and pigments has a colloid substance. It would be more interesting to study the effect of bile on germs for which it is a favorable culture medium: I mean the typhosus and paratyphosus groups. For that purpose I performed the following experiments: 1. Five cubic centimeters of a broth culture of<i>B. typhosus</i>injected into the peritoneal cavity of a rabbit weighing 750 Gm. killed the animal in twelve
Mechanisms and modulation of airway plasma exudation after direct inhalation of cigarette smoke.
Authors: Y H Lei, P J Barnes, D F Rogers
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We characterized plasma exudation induced by direct inhalation of cigarette smoke in anesthetized, artificially ventilated guinea pigs, using Evans blue dye as a plasma marker, and investigated the neurogenic mechanisms underlying the response. Cigarette smoke increased plasma exudation in the lower trachea, main bronchi, and proximal intrapulmonary airways in a dose-related manner. Exudation was rapid in onset and was maintained for 0.5 to 2 h, depending upon airway level. Exudation was not reduced after removal of the particular phase of the smoke, nor by atropine, phentolamine, propranolol, hexamethonium, antihistamines, or bilateral vagotomy. Nicotine, at a dose calculated to approximate that in the plasma of cigarette-exposed animals, did not increase airway plasma exudation. Cigarette smoke-induce exudation was blocked by capaicinization or by a substance P antagonist and was potentiated by phosphoramidon but not by captopril. Nedocromil sodium or morphine (0.1 mg/kg each intravenously) partially inhibited cigarette smoke-induced exudation but had no effect on the response to substance P. Inhibition by morphine, but not that by nedocromil sodium, was reversed by naloxone. Thus, direct inhalation of cigarette smoke induces a dose-related, long-lasting increase in airway plasma exudation that is due to vapor-phase activation of sensory-efferent nerves, release of sensory neuropeptides that mediate the exudative response via interaction with substance P receptors, and regulation by neutral endopeptidase. The inhibitory effect of nedocromil and morphine on cigarette smoke-induced airway plasma exudation occurs through inhibition of neurotransmission.
Abstract 2469: Combination of branched-amino acids and ACE inhibitor attenuates the insulin resistance-based hepatocarcinogenesis via angiogenesis suppression
Authors: Yusaku Shirai, Hitoshi Yoshiji, Yasuhide Ikenaka, Ryuichi Noguchi, Kosuke Kaji, Hiroshi Fukui
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A strong correlation between insulin resistance (IR) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has recently been identified, although little is known about the possible mechanisms involved. IR is a consistent finding in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and a close interaction between DM and HCC has been documented. Since neovascularization plays an important role in HCC including hepatocarcinogenesis, an angiostatic therapy would be a promising approach for chemoprevention against HCC. The aims of this study were to elucidate the role of angiogenesis in IR-based hepatocarcinogenesis, and to elucidate the therapeutic effect of combination of clinically used branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I), in conjunction with neovascularization. The combined effects on the development of liver enzyme-altered pre-neoplastic lesions, angiogenesis, and several indices were elucidated in obese diabetic rats. We also performed several sets of in-vitro experiments to examine the mechanisms involved. The IR status directly accelerated hepatocarcinogenesis, and treatment with both BCAA and ACE-I markedly inhibited the development of pre-neoplastic lesions under the condition of IR along with suppression of angiogenesis and VEGF expression in the liver. The combination treatment with BCAA and ACE-I exerted more potent inhibitory effects than single-agent treatments. Our in-vitro study demonstrated that BCAA and ACE-I inhibited the endothelial tubular formation almost in parallel with suppression of development of pre-neoplastic lesions. This combination regimen with BCAA and ACE-I showed a marked chemopreventive effect against hepatocarcinogenesis along with suppression of neovascularization and VEGF expression in obese diabetic rat as compared with either single-agent treatment. These inhibitory effects were achieved at clinically comparable low doses. Since both BCAA and ACE-I are widely used in the clinical practice, this combination therapy may represent a potential new strategy for chemoprevention against IR-based HCC in the future. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2469.
Obesity and Survival Among Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Mark R. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tobacco Industry Strategies to Oppose Federal Regulation
Authors: Peter S. Arno
Journal: JAMA (1996)

RECENT efforts by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to restrict youth access to tobacco and reduce tobacco advertising have met with predictable resistance from the tobacco industry. In opposing the FDA proposals, the tobacco industry draws on almost a century of largely successful experience attempting to limit or thwart regulation. Historically, the industry has brought extensive resources to bear on its efforts to dispute the health risks of tobacco, resist attempts to classify tobacco as a pharmaceutical product, and challenge the authority of federal agencies asserting regulatory jurisdiction. Today, similar strategies are in use as the tobacco industry confronts what may be its greatest challenge in 30 years. The objective of this article is to examine the antiregulatory strategies used by the tobacco industry in the face of new federal initiatives. The framework in which the social regulation of tobacco occurs is presented first. Then, the industry's response to
Poliomyelitis at Hull
Authors: T. W. Preston
Journal: BMJ (1961)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Fatigue is common among children living with cancer, particularly in advance stages. Little is known about the effectiveness of non-pharmacological approaches to manage this complex and distressing symptom among children. Thus, the present paper aim to critically examine the effectiveness and setting for non-pharmacological interventions to manage fatigue among children with cancer. <h3>Methods</h3> Six electronic databases were screened first in February 2013 and at second instance in March 2015. They include PsycINFO, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus and Cochrane library. All databases were systematically searched for literature on fatigue and cancer, limited to children (as age group) and English language. <h3>Results</h3> 1498 articles were identified, of which six were reviewed. Three types of interventions for managing fatigue were identified including (1) complementary and alternative medicine (healing touch/massage therapy), (2) exercise-based interventions and (3) nursing-based interventions. Most interventions were delivered during active treatment and in hospital settings where parents were involved to optimise participation. Despite fatigue scores being lower among intervention groups, no study findings were observed as being statistically significant. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Fatigue is common among children treated for and living with cancer. The most appropriate setting to deliver non-pharmacological interventions to manage fatigue appears to be in hospital. However, in absence of any strong evidence, professionals need to be cautious about existing non-pharmacological interventions. Future research must adopt more rigorous research designs that are adequately powered using validated measures to identify potential benefits. In addition, researchers may wish to test psychosocial interventions shown to be of benefit in adults.
One-year clinical and echocardiographic follow-up after endocardial radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation during mitral valve surgery
Authors: Georges Fayad, Thierry Le Tourneau, Thomas Modine, Richard Azzaoui, Benoit Larrue, Dorothée Koussa, Gassan Naja, Christophe Decoenne, Henri Warembourg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Persisting Epilepsy following Shock Therapy
Authors: D. N. Parfitt
Journal: BMJ (1942)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA BRITCSHwall posteriorly and the posterior surface of the symphysis pubis in front.The free lower end of the urethra was caught with forceps, brought down, and a catheter passed.Clear urine came from the catheter, and saline was injected into the bladder and the volume checked.It was then obvious there had been no injury to the bladder.A plastic repair was done, and the mouth of the urethra sutured as nearly as possible in position,