tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endothelial Activation and Development of Coronary Artery Disease in Transplanted Human Hearts
Authors: Carlos A. Labarrere
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The development of coronary artery disease in heart transplants is often associated with graft failure. Early detection of allografts prone to develop this disease is essential to institute new therapeutic approaches that could prolong allograft function.To determine if early activation of arterial/arteriolar endothelium predicts the development of coronary artery disease, graft failure, or both in transplanted human hearts.Prospective cohort study.Heart Transplant Center.A total of 121 consecutive adult cardiac allograft recipients who received transplants between 1988 and 1995 and were followed up through 1996.Development of coronary artery disease and graft failure.Immunocytochemistry was performed on serial endomyocardial biopsy specimens to evaluate endothelial activation markers (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR) in arteries and arterioles. The presence and progression of coronary artery disease was evaluated by annual coronary angiograms with side-by-side comparisons.None of the 121 donor hearts showed arterial/arteriolar endothelial activation before transplantation. Arterial/arteriolar endothelial activation was present in 78 and absent in 43 of 121 allografts during the first 3 months after transplantation. The time of appearance and the proportion of biopsy specimens showing endothelial activation during these first 3 months were significantly associated with the risk of developing coronary artery disease, the progression of the disease, and the time required to develop the disease (P<.001). Significantly more patients with arterial/arteriolar endothelial activation died or received a second transplant (P<.001).Activation of arterial/arteriolar endothelium in transplanted human hearts predicts development of coronary artery disease and increased risk of graft failure.
1103 GENETIC VARIABILITY IN HBV IMMUNODOMINANT EPITOPES IN PATIENTS WITH OCCULT HEPATITIS B INFECTION AND GENOTYPE D
Authors: M. Bes, M. Piron, A. Oliveira, A. Rico, N. Casamitjana, J.I. Esteban, J. Quer, L. Puig, J. Guardia, V. Vargas, S. Sauleda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Postmastectomy Radiotherapy in Intermediate-Risk Patients: Long Term Carcinologic and Quality of Life Results of the Montpellier Cancer Center.
Authors: D. Azria, C. Lemanski, F. Rat, H. Huguet, C. Llacer Moscardo, M. Gutowski, J. Dubois
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background:The impact of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) on survival has been controversial for decade in intermediate-risk patients.We present here our monocentric long-term carcinologic and quality of life results in the subset of patients classified at intermediate risk and treated with PMRT.Material and Methods: From 1990 to 2000, 1622 patients received adjuvant radiotherapy after mastectomy. Among them, 421 were defined at intermediate risk of local recurrence i.e. (i) one to 3 positive nodes (ii) negative node but younger than 35 years old and/or pT3-T4 and/or grade 3 and/or invasive multifocality and/or lymphovascular invasion. PMRT consisted in a 50 Gy-electron therapy to the chest wall with node irradiation if indicated. Adjuvant chemotherapy and/or hormonotherapy were administered according to our local guideline. Patients were visited every 6 months for at least 10 years. Quality of life questionnaires (EORTC QLQC30/BR23) were filled in at the last medical visit.Results: Median age was 57 years (range, 27-80). One-hundred thirty five patients (32%) and 286 (68%) were premenopausal and menopausal, respectively. Seventy-five percent of the patients presented a ductal invasive carcinoma and 55% one to three positive axillary nodes. The median number of nodes was 13 (range, 3-27). 77% of the patients presented an axillary dissection with more than 10 nodes. 32% of the nodes were associated with capsular effraction. In the node negative subgroups, grade 3, lymphovascular invasion, multifocality, pT3-4, and age &amp;lt; 35 were found in 57%, 19%, 33%, and 4%, respectively. Extensive DCIS was found in 227 patients (54%). Hormonal receptors (ER and/or PR) were positive in 321 patients (76%) and therefore treated with postoperative tamoxifen for 5 years. Adjuvant chemotherapy was delivered in 126 patients and mainly included anthracyclin. HER2 status was not available at that time in our center. Chest wall RT was delivered in all patients to a median total dose of 50 Gy (range, 43-62). Sus-clavicular and internal mammary chain were irradiated in 294 and 346 patients, respectively. With a 10-y median follow-up, 12 (2.8%) and 74 (17.6%) patients presented locoregional and metastatic recurrences, respectively. Locoregional-free survival (LRFS) was 98.3% and 97.1% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. None of the 12 patients presented metastasis before local recurrence. Multifactorial analysis showed a significant impact of LRFS on metastatic-free survival (p&amp;lt;0.001). Quality of life was good to excellent.Conclusion: In this study, only 2.8% recurrences were observed with a very long-term follow-up. Local recurrence is one of the main prognostic factors for metastatic progression. RT in this population seems to be clearly indicated. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4112.
Low-Molecular Weight Caldesmon as a Potential Serum Marker for Glioma
Authors: Ping-Pin Zheng, Wim C. Hop, Peter A.E. Sillevis Smitt, Martin J. van den Bent, Cees J.J. Avezaat, Theodorus M. Luider, Johan M. Kros
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Testing the feasibility of using the serum low-molecular weight caldesmon (l-CaD) level as a serum marker for the presence of glioma. Experimental Design: Within a total of 230 serum samples, the l-CaD level was measured in healthy volunteers (30), patients with gliomas (57), nonglial intracranial tumors (107), and nontumor neurologic diseases (36) by ELISA. The specificity of the assay was monitored by combination of immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. Results: The serum level of l-CaD is significantly higher in the group of glioma patients as compared with any of the other groups (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The cutoff value of 45 yields optimal sensitivity and specificity of the assay (91% and 84%, respectively; area under the curve score = 0.91). The specificity of ELISA was confirmed by the immunoprecipitation/immunoblotting control experiments. There were no significant differences in serum l-CaD levels between patients with low- or high-grade gliomas. Conclusions: The serum l-CaD level as determined by ELISA is a good discriminator between glioma patients versus patients with other intracranial tumors, other neurologic diseases, and healthy people. Prospective studies are required to test the contribution of the assay in making the diagnosis of glioma, or its feasibility for monitoring the tumor during treatment.
Comparison of the Quality of Ambulatory Care for Fee-for-Service and Prepaid Patients
Authors: I. Steven Udvarhelyi, Kathleen Jennison, Russell S. Phillips, Arnold M. Epstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To determine whether the quality of care for common ambulatory conditions is adversely affected when physicians are provided with incentives to limit the use of health services. Design: Retrospective cohort study over a 2-year period. Setting: Four group practices that cared for both fee-for-service patients and prepaid patients within a network model health maintenance organization (HMO). Patients: Equal numbers of prepaid (HMO) and fee-for-service patients were selected by randomly choosing medical records from each group practice: 246 patients with chronic uncomplicated hypertension and 250 women without chronic diseases who received preventive care. Main Outcome Measures: Adequate hypertension control was defined as a mean blood pressure of less than 150/90. Adequate preventive care was defined as the provision of blood pressure screening, colon cancer screening, breast cancer screening, and cervical cancer screening within guidelines recommended by the 1989 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Resource use was measured by the annual number of visits and tests. ▒ Main Results: The adjusted relative odds of HMO patients having controlled hypertension, compared with fee-for-service patients, were 1.82 (95% Cl, 1.02 to 3.27). The relative risks of HMO patients receiving preventive care within established guidelines were 1.19 (Cl, 0.93 to 1.51) for colon cancer screening, 1.78 (Cl, 1.11 to 2.84) for annual breast examinations, 1.75 (Cl, 1.08 to 2.84) for biannual mammography, and 1.35 (Cl, 1.13 to 1.60) for Papanicolaou smears every 3 years. Prepaid patients had visit rates that were 18% to 22% higher than those of fee-for-service patients. Conclusions: In the type of network model HMO we studied, the quality and quantity of ambulatory care for HMO patients was equal to or better than that for fee-for-service patients. In this setting, the incentives for physicians to limit resource use may be offset by lack of disincentives for HMO patients to seek care.
Polypharmacy in Skilled-Nursing Facilities
Authors: Edward J. Slater
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 April 1993Polypharmacy in Skilled-Nursing FacilitiesEdward J. Slater, MDEdward J. Slater, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-8-199304150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Beers and colleagues [1] strike a resonant chord with geriatricians by quantifying previous concerns that inappropriate medication prescribing is common in nursing homes [2]. After observing polypharmacy in an 82-bed nursing home, we devised a strategy to improve management of drug use [3]. National standards were used for diabetic, hypertensive, and antipsychotic drug therapy. Because the medications were used to maintain function and comfort, outcome assessment was performed. Use of the computerized Patient Assessment Instrument demonstrated by Rudman and colleagues [4] to be effective in quality management in Veterans Affairs nursing homes. Portions of the Patient Assessment ...References1. Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Fingold SF, Morgenstern H, Reuben DB, Rogers W, et al. Inappropriate medication prescribing in skilled-nursing facilities. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:684-9. Google Scholar2. Institute of Medicine. Improving the Quality of Care in Nursing Homes. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1986. Google Scholar3. Slater EJ. Strategic management of drug use in a nursing home (Abstract). J Am Geriatr Soc. 1992; 40(Suppl):SA63. Google Scholar4. Rudman D, Abbasi AA, Tourky GM, Rudman IW, Mattson DE. Easily measurable adverse outcome indicators in a Veterans Affairs nursing home. QRB. 1990; 16:257-63. Google Scholar5. Ouslander JG, Osterweil D, Kane RL. Medical Care in the Nursing Home. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1991. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1993Volume 118, Issue 8Page: 649-651KeywordsAntipsychoticsBeerComputersDrug therapyDrugsNursing homes Issue Published: 15 April 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Relationship of the degree of procedural anticoagulation to outcomes after stent implantation
Authors: Dale T. Ashby, G. Dangas, R. Mehran, T. Limpijankit, G. Weisz, G.W. Stone, C. Constantini, A.J. Lansky, M.B. Leon, G. New, S. Iyer, E. Kreps, G. Roubin, M. Collins, J. Moses
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Effect of Angiotensin on Juxtaglomerular Cells and Vessels of the Kidney
Authors: Yale J. Katz, Paul R. Patek, Sol Bernick
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

Angiotensin II, given subcutaneously in pressor doses to rats three times a day, causes a prompt increase in the size and granulation of the juxtaglomerular cells. After one week of angiotensin injections, there is some loss of granules from these cells. Concurrently, degenerative changes develop in the intrarenal arteries. These changes may result from vasoconstriction in the vessels proximal to the afferent arterioles. Epinephrine given in an amount similar in pressor effect to angiotensin II did not produce these changes. Vascular lesions were not seen in the heart, lung, brain, aorta, liver, and spleen of animals given angiotensin over the two-week injection period. This study provides additional evidence that the vessels of the kidney are uniquely sensitive to angiotensin.
Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: first 1000 cases at the London Stone Clinic.
Authors: G Das, J Dick, M J Bailey, M S Fletcher, D R Webb, M J Kellett, H N Whitfield, J E Wickham
Journal: BMJ (1987)

One thousand patients underwent extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for renal and ureteric calculi at this clinic. An overall success rate of 91.8% was achieved (stone free or less than 2 mm fragments at three months) and for stones measuring 1 cm 96.3%. Lithotripsy produced extremely low morbidity, and no deaths have occurred at the clinic. Patients who had lithotripsy alone had a mean hospital stay of three days and in most instances were able to perform their full range of activities on discharge. Planned combination of lithotripsy with minimally invasive endourological procedures such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureterorenoscopy has allowed us to extend the range of treatable cases to include large stones. Prophylactic use of Double-J ureteric stents in selected cases has reduced the incidence of obstruction by stone fragments after lithotripsy, thereby decreasing morbidity and hospital stay.
2,3-BUTANEDIOL IN SERUM OF ALCOHOLICS
Authors: John Kuehnle, Julie Holzbaur, DavidD. Rutstein, RitaJ. Nickerson, Punyamurtula Kishore, RichardL. Veech, MichaelE. Felver, AndrewA. Vernon, LarryL. Needham, StephenB. Thacker
Journal: The Lancet (1983)
Super-resolution fluorescence imaging of intracellular mutant huntingtin protein reveals a population of fibrillar aggregates co-existing with compact perinuclear inclusion bodies
Authors: Steffen J Sahl, Lucien E Weiss, Lana Lau, Judith Frydman, WE Moerner
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2013)

Materials and methods, results To define the spatial distributions of fluorescentlylabeled Htt-exon1 species in the cell model PC12m (terminally differentiated into sympathetic-neuron-like cells with nerve growth factor), we employed highly sensitive single-molecule-based and stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution fluorescence imaging modalities. In addition to inclusion bodies and the diffuse pool of monomers and oligomers, fibrillar aggregates ~100 nm in diameter and up to ~1-2 μm in length were observed for pathogenic polyQ tracts (expression experiments with 46 and 97 repeats) after targeted photo-bleaching of the inclusion bodies [1]. These short structures bear a striking resemblance to fibers described in vitro [2]. We identified a sharp cutoff behavior of maximum fibril length and documented the ensuing bundling of these fibers into denser arrangements of varying complexity, both in the cytosolic space and inside the neuritic processes. Conclusions Definition of the diverse Htt structures in cells will provide an avenue to link the impact of pharmacological agents to aggregate populations and morphologies. The latest observations w.r.t. co-localization of Htt with various quality control proteins such as the chaperone Hsp70 will be presented.
Brown and beige fat in humans: thermogenic adipocytes that control energy and glucose homeostasis
Authors: Labros Sidossis, Shingo Kajimura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a specialized fat that dissipates energy to produce heat, plays an important role in the regulation of energy balance. Two types of thermogenic adipocytes with distinct developmental and anatomical features exist in rodents and humans: classical brown adipocytes and beige (also referred to as brite) adipocytes. While classical brown adipocytes are located mainly in dedicated BAT depots of rodents and infants, beige adipocytes sporadically reside with white adipocytes and emerge in response to certain environmental cues, such as chronic cold exposure, a process often referred to as "browning" of white adipose tissue. Recent studies indicate the existence of beige adipocytes in adult humans, making this cell type an attractive therapeutic target for obesity and obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes. This Review aims to cover recent progress in our understanding of the anatomical, developmental, and functional characteristics of brown and beige adipocytes and discuss emerging questions, with a special emphasis on adult human BAT.
Role of platelet activating factor on the fibrinolytic activation in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal damage induced by endothelin-1.
Authors: I Kurose, S Miura, D Fukumura, H Tashiro, H Imaeda, H Shiozaki, M Suematsu, H Nagata, E Sekizuka, M Tsuchiya
Journal: Gut (1992)

We have examined the hypothesis that the release of tissue type plasminogen activator may play a prominent role in endothelin induced gastric mucosal injury. We determined tissue type plasminogen activator activity in the regional blood sample and the concentration of platelet activating factor in the gastric mucosa after the administration of endothelin-1 in a range of 50-500 pmol/kg into the left gastric artery of male Wistar rats. Endothelin-1 increased the tissue type plasminogen activator release and platelet activating factor formation, and induced subsequent gastric mucosal haemorrhagic change in a dose dependent manner. In addition CV-6209, a selective platelet activating factor blocker, attenuated the activation of regional tissue type plasminogen activator and the development of mucosal damage induced by endothelin-1. The results of this study showed that tissue type plasminogen activator activation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of endothelin induced mucosal injury of rat stomach, and suggest that the platelet activating factor may be involved in the process of regional fibrinolytic activation induced by endothelin-1.
Laser-assisted topical drug delivery by using a low-fluence fractional laser: Imiquimod and macromolecules
Authors: Woan-Ruoh Lee, Shing-Chuan Shen, Saleh A. Al-Suwayeh, Hung-Hsu Yang, Cheng-Yin Yuan, Jia-You Fang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Children and Adults With Congenital Heart Disease Lost to Follow-Up
Authors: Andrew S. Mackie, Raluca Ionescu-Ittu, Judith Therrien, Louise Pilote, Michal Abrahamowicz, Ariane J. Marelli
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Many patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) require lifelong care. However, the duration of cardiology follow-up in children and adults with CHD is unknown. We sought to determine the proportion of children and young adults with CHD receiving outpatient cardiology care and to identify predictors of lack of follow-up. Methods and Results— The study population consisted of individuals born in 1983 and alive at age 22 years who were diagnosed with CHD in Quebec, Canada, before 6 years of age (n=643). Patients and outpatient visits were identified with the use of the provincial physician’s claims database. Three age groups were examined for the presence of outpatient cardiology follow-up: 6 to 12, 13 to 17, and 18 to 22 years. CHD lesions were classified as severe (n=84; 13%), simple shunts (n=390; 61%), and “other” lesions (n=169; 26%). Failure to receive cardiac follow-up after the 6th, 13th, and 18th birthday occurred in 28%, 47%, and 61%, respectively. Among those with severe lesions, only 79% were seen after the 18th birthday. However, the majority of subjects visited primary care physicians in all age groups, and 93% remained in contact with the healthcare system into early adulthood. Predictors of lack of cardiology follow-up in adulthood included male sex, a nonsevere lesion, and a history of follow-up outside a university hospital setting. Conclusions— Lack of cardiology follow-up begins during childhood, even among those with severe lesions. This occurs despite patients being in contact with other healthcare providers. Improved communication with primary care physicians may reduce the proportion of patients lost to cardiac follow-up.
The New Zealand Rugby Injury and Performance Project: I. Design and methodology of a prospective follow-up study.
Authors: A E Waller, M Feehan, S W Marshall, D J Chalmers
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1994)

Injury resulting from participation in sporting and physical recreational activities is a major contributor to the overall incidence of injury in the developed world. If sports injuries are to be reduced, a comprehensive approach must be taken to define the nature and magnitude of the problem, to establish models of relationships between risk factors, protective factors and injury experience, and to address injury through well designed intervention and evaluation programmes. The Rugby Injury and Performance Project (RIPP) is a prospective cohort study designed to examine the risk and protective factors for rugby injury. Data were collected on potential risk and protective factors from the RIPP cohort pre-season. Data on exposure to rugby, injury events and medical treatments were collected from the players each week during the season through telephone interviews. Pre-season measures were repeated post-season. A key feature of the design was that data were collected on both injured and non-injured players, allowing a longitudinal comparison of the injury experience of players with and without the factors of interest. A wealth of information was collected on each cohort member during the pre-season interview. A contact rate of 90% was achieved during the weekly follow-up phase. Post-season questionnaires were completed by 76% of the players and 88% of the coaches. Recommendations are made for the use of this methodology by other researchers and future directions for RIPP are described.
THE TREATMENT OF BLADDER CARCINOMA BY IRRADIATION AND DIATHERMY
Authors: GEORGE GILBERT SMITH
Journal: JAMA (1930)

In discussing the treatment of bladder cancer by irradiation and diathermy, it has seemed fitting to include in the series of cases on which this paper is based those cases which were treated by excision of the tumor. By including the latter, there is given a possible standard for the comparison of results obtained by the different methods of treatment.    Fifty cases, in all of which operation was performed within the last ten years, have been studied. In forty-seven, the diagnosis of carcinoma was made by microscopic examination of tissue removed. In two cases, the piece removed was too small or too necrotic for a satisfactory pathologic diagnosis. In both these cases, however, the tumor was of the infiltrating type and was obviously malignant. In another case, while the piece removed was reported to be a papilloma, other tumors were broad-based and necrotic, and were characteristically papillary carcinoma.  Of the