tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Anticancer Gene Medicine Exploits Intrinsic Antitumor Activity of Cationic Vector to Cure Established Tumors
Authors: Christine Dufès, W. Nicol Keith, Alan Bilsland, Irina Proutski, Ijeoma F. Uchegbu, Andreas G. Schätzlein
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract The systemic delivery of genetic therapies required for the treatment of inaccessible tumors and metastases remains a challenge despite the development of various viral and synthetic vector systems. Here we show that a synthetic vector system based on polypropylenimine dendrimers has the desired properties of a systemic delivery vehicle and mediates efficient transgene expression in tumors after i.v. administration. The systemic tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) gene therapy was efficacious in the experimental treatment of established A431 epidermoid carcinoma, C33a cervix carcinoma, and LS174T colorectal adenocarcinoma. Specifically, the systemic injection of dendrimer nanoparticles containing a TNFα expression plasmid regulated by telomerase gene promoters (hTR and hTERT) leads to transgene expression, regression of remote xenograft murine tumors, and long-term survival of up to 100% of the animals. Interestingly, these dendrimers and, to a lesser extent, other common polymeric transfection agents also exhibit plasmid-independent antitumor activity, ranging from pronounced growth retardation to complete tumor regression. The genetic therapy as well as treatment with dendrimer alone was well tolerated with no apparent signs of toxicity in the animals. The combination of intrinsic dendrimer activity and transcriptionally targeted TNFα when complexed was significantly more potent than either treatment alone or when both were administered in sequence. The combination of pharmacologically active synthetic transfection agent and transcriptionally targeted antitumor gene creates an efficacious gene medicine for the systemic treatment of experimental solid tumors.
Rare &lt;emph type="ital"&gt;E coli&lt;/emph&gt; Strain Races Through Europe; High Rate of Kidney Failure Reported
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Texting While Doctoring
Authors: Christine A. Sinsky, John W. Beasley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Letters15 April 2014Texting While DoctoringChristine A. Sinsky, MD and John W. Beasley, MDChristine A. Sinsky, MDFrom Medical Associates Clinic, Dubuque, Iowa; and University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.Search for more papers by this author and John W. Beasley, MDFrom Medical Associates Clinic, Dubuque, Iowa; and University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L14-5008-9 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Pollak points to the importance of efficiency. We agree. We believe that clinical excellence depends on operational efficiency.When myriad daily clerical tasks that previously took a few seconds now each take a few minutes, the time adds up and something has to give. We are concerned that what gives is often the clinical care of the patient and the work–life balance of the physician.Dr. Pollak observes that EMRs have not optimally supported team-based care. At a time when our rhetoric and aspirations are moving toward teams, our technologies and policies are paradoxically pushing more work ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Christine A. Sinsky, MD; John W. Beasley, MDAffiliations: From Medical Associates Clinic, Dubuque, Iowa; and University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M13-0931. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTexting While Doctoring: A Patient Safety Hazard Christine A. Sinsky and John W. Beasley Texting While Doctoring Brian Pollak Texting While Doctoring Michael E. Miller Texting While Doctoring Michael E. Miller Texting While Doctoring Brian Pollak Metrics Cited byScribes, Electronic Health Records, and the Expectation of Confidentiality16. Diagnostic Support from Information Technology 15 April 2014Volume 160, Issue 8Page: 584KeywordsComputersCreativityDisclosureHealth careHeart ratePatients ePublished: 15 April 2014 Issue Published: 15 April 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Handling of induced hypercalcaemia in hyperthyroidism
Authors: P. Lim, E. Jacob, O. T. Khoo
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The mean serum calcium of 13 hyperthyroid patients was found to be significantly higher than that of controls matched for sex and age, though none of the patients' values were outside the normal range. Nevertheless, these patients responded very promptly to hypercalcaemia (induced by an intravenous calcium load), and their serum calcium returned to normal much more rapidly compared with the matched controls. There was also increased retention of intravenous calcium load, possibly owing to increased calcitonin production. Calcium infusion may be useful in treating bone diseases in which increased bone resorption exceeds bone accretion.
Heart Valve Replacement and Future Trends in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Alan T. Marty
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Nearly 100 000 heart valves were replaced last year. Almost 20% were in reoperations for prosthetic valve dysfunction. Roughly one half of bioprostheses (which constituted 30% to 40% of all valves implanted) will need to be replaced in 14 years. Despite this reduced durability, some physicians still prefer bioprostheses because the combined problem of thromboembolism and anticoagulant-related bleeding lessens the quality of life with mechanical valves. "Clearly patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves need a new long-term anticoagulant or a means to self-regulate the dose of warfarin daily." Having said this, the authors do not mention Dupont's new portable device that uses finger-stick blood samples to measure prothrombin time and, analogous to blood glucose self-monitoring in the control of diabetes, may reduce the anticoagulation hazard through better self-control. At one time, bioprosthetics were considered to have a slower, more benign failure mode so that the reoperation could be done at
Mebendazole in Toxocariasis
Authors: AZIZ BEKHTI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1984Mebendazole in ToxocariasisAZIZ BEKHTI, M.D.AZIZ BEKHTI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-3-463_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Until now, toxocariasis has generally been treated with diethylcarbamazine and thiabendazole. However, the results obtained with these two drugs in humans have remained unconvincing and variable. Clinical improvement and shortening of convalescence have been reported (1-3), but eosinophilia usually has persisted (1, 2). In this report, we present a case of toxocariasis treated with mebendazole.A 23-year-old woman had had pain in the right upper abdomen and epigastrium associated with loss of appetite for 2 years. Her symptoms had developed after she bought a puppy that was never dewormed. Laboratory tests showed hyperleukocytosis, eosinophilia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and increased...References1. SNYDER C. Visceral larva migrans—ten years' experience. Pediatrics. 1961;28:85-91. Google Scholar2. NELSONMCCONNELLMOORE JTD. Thiabendazole therapy of visceral larva migrans: a case report. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1966;15:930-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WANGHUANGCHAN CCP. Transverse myelitis associated larva migrans: findings of larva in cerebrospinal fluid. Lancet. 1983;1:423. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CARLIERYANGBOUT YJD. The use of an excretory-secretory antigen for an ELISA specific serodiagnosis of visceral larva migrans. Biomedicine. 1982;36:39-42. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hôpital Universitaire de Bavière 4020 Liège Belgium PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPARASITIC NEMATODE INFECTIONSEvaluation by larval recovery of mebendazole activity in experimental murine toxocariasisAberrant Nematode InfectionsParasitic Zoonoses with a Canine Reservoir: An Unacceptable Human Health HazardEtude des concentrations seriques medicamenteuses au cours du traitement des larva migrans viscerales par le mebendazoleHuman toxocariasisToxocariasisA correlation between serum mebendazole concentrations and the aminopyrine breath test. Implications in the treatment of hydatid disease.Nematode Infections of Man: Extraintestinal InfectionsPet-Associated Illness 1 March 1984Volume 100, Issue 3Page: 463-463KeywordsAbdominal painConvalescenceDrugsEosinophiliaHypergammaglobulinemiaLaboratory tests Issue Published: 1 March 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Apolipoprotein(a) kringle 4-containing fragments in human urine. Relationship to plasma levels of lipoprotein(a).
Authors: V Mooser, M C Seabra, M Abedin, K T Landschulz, S Marcovina, H H Hobbs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Apo(a) is a large glycoprotein of unknown function that circulates in plasma as part of lipoprotein(a). Apo(a) is structurally related to plasminogen and contains at least 10 kringle (K)4 repeats (type 1-10), a K5 repeat and sequences similar to the protease domain of plasminogen. Plasminogen generates two biologically active peptides: plasmin and angiostatin, a kringle-containing peptide. As a first step in determining if apo(a) generates a similar kringle-containing peptide, human urine was immunologically examined. Fragments ranging in size from 85 to 215 kD were immunodetected using antibodies directed against epitopes in the K4-type 2 repeat, but not the K4-type 9 repeat or protease domain, NH2-terminal sequence analysis revealed sequences specific for the K4-type 1 repeat, confirming that the fragments are from the NH2 terminus of the K4 array. The amount of urinary apo(a) rose in proportion to the plasma lipoprotein(a) concentration. Even individuals with trace to no apo(a) in plasma had immunodetectable apo(a) fragments in their urine. Intravenous administration of the human urinary apo(a) into mice resulted in the urine. These findings suggest that the apo(a) fragments found in urine are formed extrarenally and then excreted by the kidney.
Feasibility of Assessing Public Health Impacts of Air Pollution Reduction Programs on a Local Scale: New Haven Case Study
Authors: Danelle T. Lobdell, Vlad Isakov, Lisa Baxter, Jawad S. Touma, Mary Beth Smuts, Halûk Özkaynak
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

New approaches to link health surveillance data with environmental and population exposure information are needed to examine the health benefits of risk management decisions.We examined the feasibility of conducting a local assessment of the public health impacts of cumulative air pollution reduction activities from federal, state, local, and voluntary actions in the City of New Haven, Connecticut (USA).Using a hybrid modeling approach that combines regional and local-scale air quality data, we estimated ambient concentrations for multiple air pollutants [e.g., PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter), NOx (nitrogen oxides)] for baseline year 2001 and projected emissions for 2010, 2020, and 2030. We assessed the feasibility of detecting health improvements in relation to reductions in air pollution for 26 different pollutant-health outcome linkages using both sample size and exploratory epidemiological simulations to further inform decision-making needs.Model projections suggested decreases (~10-60%) in pollutant concentrations, mainly attributable to decreases in pollutants from local sources between 2001 and 2010. Models indicated considerable spatial variability in the concentrations of most pollutants. Sample size analyses supported the feasibility of identifying linkages between reductions in NOx and improvements in all-cause mortality, prevalence of asthma in children and adults, and cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalizations.Substantial reductions in air pollution (e.g., ~60% for NOx) are needed to detect health impacts of environmental actions using traditional epidemiological study designs in small communities like New Haven. In contrast, exploratory epidemiological simulations suggest that it may be possible to demonstrate the health impacts of PM reductions by predicting intraurban pollution gradients within New Haven using coupled models.
Results of Bone Densitometry Affect Women's Decisions about Taking Measures To Prevent Fractures
Authors: Susan M. Rubin, Steven R. Cummings
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To describe how the results of bone densitometry affect women's decisions about measures to prevent fractures and to determine whether labeling women as having below-normal bone density has adverse effects. Design: Mail survey of a random sample of women. Setting: Four community hospitals in the San Francisco Bay area. Patients: A total of 261 women (response rate, 81.3%) who had undergone bone densitometry. Measurements: Bone densitometry and self-report of changes in attitude and behaviors. Results: Fifty-three percent of the women reported that their first bone density measurements were below normal, and 44% said that they were diagnosed as having osteoporosis on the basis of their test results. Women who reported that their bone density measurements were below normal were much more likely than women with normal results to begin some type of measure to prevent fractures (94% compared with 56%; P < 0.01), to start hormone therapy (38% compared with 8%; P < 0.01), and to take precautions to avoid falling (50% compared with 9%; P < 0.01). Women reporting low bone density, however, also became more fearful of falling (38% compared with 2%; P < 0.01) and limited their activities to avoid falling (24% compared with 2%; P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results of bone densitometry substantially influence women's decisions about beginning estrogen replacement therapy and other preventive measures for osteoporotic fractures. The potential effects of labeling a woman as having below-normal bone density need to be considered before densitometry is widely used for unselective screening of women.
ARTHRITIS DEFORMANS.THE REPORT OF A SERIES OF ONE HUNDRED AND TEN CASES FROM THE JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL. (FROM THE CLINIC OF PROFESSOR OSLER.)
Authors: THOMAS McCRAE
Journal: JAMA (1904)

There is no intention in this paper to make any attempt to discuss the many debatable points relative to arthritis deformans. There is, perhaps, no common disease in the calendar about which we have as little exact knowledge. Much misapprehension has been caused by the use of names which suggest that this disease has some association with rheumatism. Beginning with the very name to be given to it, we have great diversity of opinion, which continues through the etiology and pathology of the disease. Dr. Bradford<sup>1</sup>has recently described well the chaotic condition of our knowledge, or rather lack of it, and laid emphasis on the necessity of more careful study of the disease. We are to-day really proving the truth of words spoken by Haygarth in 1805, who said: "The term rheumatism has been applied without sufficient discrimination to a great variety of disorders, which, except pain, have
A mature evolutionary psychology demands careful conclusions about sex differences
Authors: Jens B. Asendorpf, Lars Penke
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

By comparing alternative evolutionary models, the International Sexuality Description Project marks the transition of evolutionary psychology to the next level of scientific maturation. The lack of final conclusions might partly be a result of the composition of the Sociosexual Orientation Inventory and the sampled populations. Our own data suggest that correcting for both gives further support to the strategic pluralism model.
Biopsy of Melanoma
Authors: Frederick A. Pereira
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  In answering the question on punch biopsy of melanoma (240:480, 1978), Dr Neville Davis has clarified nothing and in my opinion has added confusion. The objective of every physician should be to diagnose melanoma early. As most people will admit, melanoma, in its radial growth phase, is an exceedingly difficult and subtle clinical diagnosis. The clinician must be quick to biopsy. Anything that complicates this procedure or adds unnecessary intermediate steps will reduce the number of biopsies and therefore the yield of early melanomas.  If I sent every person with a suspicious lesion to a surgeon, as Dr Davis suggests, there would be a line from here to the dark side of the moon. Many patients would not even bother to go, and the vast majority of lesions would prove to be benign—removed at a high financial and emotional cost.  In my office I do excisional biopsies,
Up-regulation of K+ channels in diabetic rat ventricular myocytes by insulin and glutathione
Authors: Zhi Xu, Kaushik P. Patel, Marjorie F. Lou, George J. Rozanski
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

The cardiac pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus involves oxidative stress that elicits profound changes in myocardial glutathione, an endogenous regulator of cell function. This study examined the role of glutathione in regulating K(+) channel activity in isolated ventricular myocytes from diabetic rats and its relationship to insulin signaling.Colorimetric analysis of extracts of ventricular tissue from Sprague-Dawley rats showed that the basal level of reduced glutathione (GSH) was significantly less in rats with experimental diabetes compared with sham controls, consistent with oxidative stress conditions. This change in GSH status paralleled a significant decrease in the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, a major pathway involved in GSH homeostasis. Voltage-clamp studies confirmed that, compared with control myocytes, K(+) channels carrying the transient outward current (I(to)) are down-regulated in the diabetic state and that this electrophysiological change is reversed by in vitro treatment with insulin for 2-3 h. Incubation of diabetic rat myocytes with GSH also normalized I(to) density compared with untreated myocytes, but with a longer time course than insulin. To determine if up-regulation of I(to) by insulin was mediated by alterations in myocyte GSH, insulin-responsiveness of diabetic rat myocytes was tested in the presence of 1,3-bis-chloroethyl-nitrosourea, an inhibitor of glutathione reductase, or buthionine sulfoximine, a blocker of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Neither blocker alone altered I(to) density in diabetic rat myocytes when compared with untreated cells, but each blocked the effect of insulin to up-regulate I(to).These data suggest that oxidative stress-induced alteration in GSH redox state plays an important role in regulating I(to) channel function and that GSH homeostasis in ventricular myocytes is functionally coupled to insulin signaling.
907-107 Collateral Flow Influences the Myocardial Collagen Content Early After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lino Gonçalves, Maria Pacheco, Maria Silvéira, Maria Botelho, Ana Santos, Pedro Sousa, Silverio Cabrita, Matos Beja, João J. Pedroso de Lima, Luís A. Providência
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
New Type of Oral Contraceptive
Authors: E. Mears
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Preliminary clinical trials of Volidan (4 mg megestrol acetate and .15 mg ethinyl estradiol combined) were conducted on 183 volunteers for 1457 cycles to choose the optimum dose from a range of 2.5 mg megestrol acetate and .05-.1 mg ethinyl  estradiol or .1 mg mestranol.  There were no pregnancies due to drug failure including 70 cycles with 1-2 missed tablets but 2 pregnancies were ascribed to error.  Side effects tabulated in percent of cycles at each of 7 dose formulations included nausea in 7-50% of first cycles 6-30% of all cycles apparently related to estrogen dose.  Also tabulated were breast pain headache depression cycle control and weight change which was 3 pounds or more gained by 25%.  The optimum dose was chosen as that causing the least nausea breakthrough bleeding and weight gain.  The optimum dose (see above) gave 6% nausea 6% breakthrough bleeding 8% weight gain 1% amenorrhea.  Neither thromboembolism nor atypical cytology was recorded in this trial.
Claim launched against makers of third generation pill
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

More than 100 women—and the families of seven who have died—launched a compensation claim in the High Court in London this week over side effects of third generation contraceptive pills.

Their counsel, Lord Brennan QC, told Mr Justice Mackay that the third generation pill, introduced in the 1980s, carried more than twice the risk of venous thromboembolism as their second generation predecessors. He said that some of the women had sustained “devastating injury which will incapacitate them throughout their lives.”

The case, which is …