tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neuropilins in Tumor Biology
Authors: Anil Bagri, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Ryan J. Watts
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

The neuropilin receptors were first discovered as regulators of nervous system development, acting as semaphorin coreceptors with plexins. Subsequently, the neuropilins were identified as receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor. Since those seminal discoveries, additional ligands that bind neuropilins have been described, and many studies have implicated neuropilins in playing key roles in tumor biology. Recent evidence has shown that manipulating neuropilin function can regulate tumor growth and metastasis through effects on vascular biology in the case of neuropilin-1 and lymphatic biology in the case of neuropilin-2. A direct role for neuropilins within in tumor cells has also been postulated. As data continue to accumulate pointing to a role for neuropilins in cancer, the promise for targeting this pathway is beginning to unfold.
Diffuse Lung Disease in Tungsten Carbide Workers, with Observations Using Electron Microscopy.
Authors: E. Osborne Coates
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Diffuse Lung Disease in Tungsten Carbide Workers, with Observations Using Electron Microscopy.E. Osborne Coates Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P., John H. L. Watson, Ph.D.E. Osborne Coates Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, John H. L. Watson, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-808_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe manufacture of tungsten carbide, an extraordinarily hard material widely used for cutting tools, has been suspected for several years of producing progressive lung disease, but to date only scattered case reports have appeared. A distinctive pattern of pulmonary disease has been observed in a group of 11 symptomatic workers exposed for various periods of time to finely divided tungsten carbide. All demonstrated slowly progressive infiltrates in the lungs, accompanied by cough, dyspnea, weight loss, and decreasing vital capacity. In three additional persons hacking coughs developed after shorter exposure, subsided on removal, and recurred on return to work; vital capacity... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: E. Osborne CoatesJr., M.D., F.A.C.P.; John H. L. Watson, Ph.D.Affiliations: Detroit, Mich. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 808-809KeywordsDyspneaElectron microscopyLungsProgressive diseasesPulmonary diseasesWeight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
National Use of Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy
Authors: Adam L. Hersh, Marcia L. Stefanick, Randall S. Stafford
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Postmenopausal hormone therapy use increased dramatically during the past 2 decades because of a prevailing belief in its health benefits. Recent evidence from randomized trials published in July 2002 demonstrated adverse cardiovascular disease events and other risks with hormone therapy in the form of oral estrogen combined with progestin.To describe patterns of hormone therapy use from 1995 until July 2003, including the impact of recent evidence.Two databases were used to describe national trends in hormone therapy use from January 1995 to July 2003. The National Prescription Audit database provided data on the number of hormone therapy prescriptions filled by retail pharmacies and the National Disease and Therapeutic Index database provided data on patient visits to office-based physicians during which hormone therapy was prescribed.Annual number of hormone therapy prescriptions and characteristics of visits to physicians during which hormone therapy was prescribed.Annual hormone therapy prescriptions increased from 58 million in 1995 to 90 million in 1999, representing approximately 15 million women per year, then remained stable through June 2002. Adoption of new oral estrogen/progestin combinations, primarily Prempro, accounted for most of this growth. Obstetrician/gynecologists provided more than 70% of hormone therapy prescriptions, and more than one third of patients were older than 60 years. Following the publication of trial results in July 2002, hormone therapy prescriptions declined in successive months. Relative to January-June 2002, prescriptions from January-June 2003 declined by 66% for Prempro and 33% for Premarin. Small increases were observed in vaginal formulations and in new prescriptions for low-dose Premarin. If prescription rates observed through July 2003 remain stable, a decline to 57 million prescriptions for 2003, similar to the rate in 1995, is projected.Clinical practice responded rapidly to recent evidence of harms associated with hormone therapy. Since July 2002, many patients have discontinued hormone therapy or are tapering to lower doses.
Capacitative calcium entry and transient receptor potential canonical 6 expression control human hepatoma cell proliferation
Authors: Charbel El Boustany, Gabriel Bidaux, Antoine Enfissi, Philippe Delcourt, Natalia Prevarskaya, Thierry Capiod
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is the main Ca2+ influx pathway involved in controlling proliferation of the human hepatoma cell lines Huh-7 and HepG2. However, the molecular nature of the calcium channels involved in this process remains unknown. Huh-7 and HepG2 cells express transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) and TRPC6, as well as STIM1 and Orai1, and these 4 channels are the most likely candidates to account for the SOCE in these cells. We generated stable TRPC6-overexpressing or TRPC6-knockdown Huh-7 clones, in which we investigated correlations between the presence of the protein, the rate of cell proliferation, and SOCE amplitude. TRPC6-overexpressing Huh-7 cells proliferated 80% faster than did untransfected cells and their SOCE amplitude was 160% higher. By contrast, proliferation rate was 50% lower and SOCE amplitude 85% lower in TRPC6-knockdown clones than in untransfected cells. OAG (olyl acetyl glycerol)-induced calcium entry was similar in all cells, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) against TRPC1 had no effect on SOCE amplitude, highlighting the relationship among SOCE, TRPC6 and cell proliferation in Huh-7 cells. SOCE amplitude was reduced by STIM1 and Orai1 knockdowns, suggesting possible cooperation between these proteins and TRPC6 in these cells. Endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor increased TRPC6 expression and SOCE amplitude in Huh-7 cells, and cyclin D1 expression was decreased by STIM1, Orai1, and TRPC6 knockdowns. Conclusion: TRPC6 was very weakly expressed in isolated hepatocytes from healthy patients and expressed more strongly in tumoral samples from the liver of a cancer patient, strongly supporting a role for these calcium channels in liver oncogenesis.
Hot Springs, S. D., as a Health Resort.
Authors: J. H. HOELSCHER
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Chicago, Ill., June 1, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Hot Springs is situated in the Black Hills, about 3400 feet above the sea-level, in a valley surrounded by mountains not over 5000 feet in altitude, and it differs from the surrounding country meteorologically and geologically. Deadwood, which is about ninety miles distant, is much colder, and about 5000 feet above sea-level, which may account for the difference. Spearfish, fourteen miles from Deadwood is about 3500 feet about sea-level and is much colder than Hot Springs during the winter. This applies with equal truth to all localities thirty or more miles distant from Hot Springs. It derives its name from the large number of mineral springs which supply all the bath-houses with water not exceeding 90 degrees F. One very pleasant feature is an enormous plunge-bath, supplied by innumerable springs percolating through a gravel bottom, thereby ensuring constant cleanliness and drainage. The
SOME TOXICOGENIC GERMS FOUND IN DRINKING WATER.
Authors: VICTOR C. VAUGHAN
Journal: JAMA (1904)

At the opening of the hygienic laboratory of the Michigan University in October, 1888, I began a new method for the bactériologic examination of drinking water, which, with various modifications, has been carried out since that time. <h3>THE MICHIGAN METHOD.</h3> The method may be briefly described as follows: The samples are collected in sterilized receptacles and sent to the laboratory without delay. Immediately on receipt, plates are made with 0.05 c.c.,0.1 c.c., 0.5 c.c., and 1 c.c. of the water. For many years only gelatin plates were prepared, and these were grown at room temperature. During the past two years, however, only agar plates are used, two sets being made, one of these grown at room temperature, and the other at 38 C. The reason for this modification will be understood by those engaged in the bactériologic study of drinking water. The toxicogenic bacteria of water have their
Acetylation of Tau Inhibits Its Degradation and Contributes to Tauopathy
Authors: Sang-Won Min, Seo-Hyun Cho, Yungui Zhou, Sebastian Schroeder, Vahram Haroutunian, William W. Seeley, Eric J. Huang, Yong Shen, Eliezer Masliah, Chandrani Mukherjee, David Meyers, Philip A. Cole, Melanie Ott, Li Gan
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Microdialysis of the rectus abdominis muscle for early detection of impending abdominal compartment syndrome
Authors: Christoph Meier, Claudio Contaldo, Rene Schramm, Joerg H. Holstein, Juerg Hamacher, Michaela Amon, Guido A. Wanner, Otmar Trentz, Michael D. Menger
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
Laparoscopic-assisted transgastric cholecystectomy and secure endoscopic closure of the transgastric defect in a survival porcine model
Authors: A. Arezzo, T. Kratt, M. Schurr, M. Morino
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery holds promise for surgical interventions. Before the feasibility of this technique can be established, however, secure sealing of the transluminal access needs to be thoroughly investigated.Following antibiotic prophylaxis and gastric disinfection, nine pigs underwent transgastric cholecystectomy by means of a flexible endoscope with the aid of a transabdominal 5-mm trocar. The gastric wall was punctured and dilated. The gallbladder was retracted with a laparoscopic grasper. The cystic duct and artery were dissected with a flexible monopolar ball electrode. The cystic duct was interrupted with flexible scissors between endoclips. Cholecystectomy was completed and the gallbladder was retrieved through the stomach. The gastric defect was closed using a single modified over-the-scope clip (OTSC) (Ovesco, Tübingen, Germany) and grasping the serosal and muscle layer of the gastric wall. The animals were sacrificed 4 weeks later.Laparoscopic-assisted transgastric cholecystectomy was successful in all cases without significant perioperative complications. All animals survived without postoperative complications. The mean operating time was 128 minutes (range, 85 - 205 minutes). The gastric defect closure resulted in inversion of the gastric wall layers within an average time of 6.8 +/- 5 minutes. At 4 weeks postoperative, only minimal thin adhesions were observed in the right hypochondrium.We found gastric closure using the OTSC to be a reliable tool for closing the transgastric access. Laparoscopic-assisted transgastric cholecystectomy by means of a flexible endoscope was technically feasible, but remains a demanding procedure.
Relationship between circulatory function and severity of renal failure in patients with cirrhosis and hepatorenal syndrome
Authors: M. Guevara, O. Ozdogan, P. Gines, C. Alessandria, T. Restuccia, D. de las Heras, J. Colmenero, B. Calahorra, V. Arroyo, J. Rodes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
A Calcium Antagonist vs a Non–Calcium Antagonist Hypertension Treatment Strategy for Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Carl J. Pepine, Eileen M. Handberg, Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff, Ronald G. Marks, Peter Kowey, Franz H. Messerli, Giuseppe Mancia, José L. Cangiano, David Garcia-Barreto, Matyas Keltai, Serap Erdine, Heather A. Bristol, H. Robert Kolb, George L. Bakris, Jerome D. Cohen, William W. Parmley, None for the INVEST Investigators
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Despite evidence of efficacy of antihypertensive agents in treating hypertensive patients, safety and efficacy of antihypertensive agents for coronary artery disease (CAD) have been discerned only from subgroup analyses in large trials.To compare mortality and morbidity outcomes in patients with hypertension and CAD treated with a calcium antagonist strategy (CAS) or a non-calcium antagonist strategy (NCAS).Randomized, open label, blinded end point study of 22 576 hypertensive CAD patients aged 50 years or older, which was conducted September 1997 to February 2003 at 862 sites in 14 countries.Patients were randomly assigned to either CAS (verapamil sustained release) or NCAS (atenolol). Strategies specified dose and additional drug regimens. Trandolapril and/or hydrochlorothiazide was administered to achieve blood pressure goals according to guidelines from the sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VI) of less than 140 mm Hg (systolic) and less than 90 mm Hg (diastolic); and less than 130 mm Hg (systolic) and less than 85 mm Hg (diastolic) if diabetes or renal impairment was present. Trandolapril was also recommended for patients with heart failure, diabetes, or renal impairment.Primary: first occurrence of death (all cause), nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke; other: cardiovascular death, angina, adverse experiences, hospitalizations, and blood pressure control at 24 months.At 24 months, in the CAS group, 6391 patients (81.5%) were taking verapamil sustained release; 4934 (62.9%) were taking trandolapril; and 3430 (43.7%) were taking hydrochlorothiazide. In the NCAS group, 6083 patients (77.5%) were taking atenolol; 4733 (60.3%) were taking hydrochlorothiazide; and 4113 (52.4%) were taking trandolapril. After a follow-up of 61 835 patient-years (mean, 2.7 years per patient), 2269 patients had a primary outcome event with no statistically significant difference between treatment strategies (9.93% in CAS and 10.17% in NCAS; relative risk [RR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90-1.06). Two-year blood pressure control was similar between groups. The JNC VI blood pressure goals were achieved by 65.0% (systolic) and 88.5% (diastolic) of CAS and 64.0% (systolic) and 88.1% (diastolic) of NCAS patients. A total of 71.7% of CAS and 70.7% of NCAS patients achieved a systolic blood pressure of less than 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg.The verapamil-trandolapril-based strategy was as clinically effective as the atenolol-hydrochlorothiazide-based strategy in hypertensive CAD patients.
Vascular Endothelin-1 Gene Expression and Synthesis and Effect on Renal Type I Collagen Synthesis and Nephroangiosclerosis During Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition in Rats
Authors: Pierre-Louis Tharaux, Christos Chatziantoniou, Daniel Casellas, Laura Fouassier, Raymond Ardaillou, Jean-Claude Dussaule
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The progression of hypertension during NO deficiency is associated with renal vascular fibrosis due to increased extracellular matrix (mainly collagen I) formation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether endothelin-1 (ET-1) is involved in this pathophysiological process. Methods and Results —Treatment of rats for 4 weeks with the NO synthase inhibitor N ω -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 50 mg · kg −1 · d −1 increased systolic blood pressure to 159±12 mm Hg. In animals treated with L-NAME, histological evaluation of renal sections revealed an increased formation of extracellular matrix (Masson’s trichrome), and specifically of collagens (Sirius red). A part of this fibrosis was attributed to abnormal collagen I presence, because mRNA expression of the collagen I α1 chain (reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction) and procollagen I formation (radioimmunoassay) were increased 3- and 2.5-fold, respectively, in the renal resistance vessels of hypertensive animals. In subsequent experiments, we examined whether ET-1 was involved in activation of collagen I formation. mRNA expression (RNase protection assay) of preproET-1 and ET-1 content (radioimmunoassay) were 10-fold and 3-fold increased, respectively, in renal microvessels of rats treated with L-NAME. Interestingly, in these vessels, ET-1 (immunostaining) was colocalized with sudanophilic lesions. Bosentan, an ET receptor antagonist (20 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ), coadministered with L-NAME canceled the increased mRNA expression and synthesis of collagen I and attenuated the severity of renal vascular lesions without affecting L-NAME–induced high blood pressure. Conclusions —These data demonstrate that ET-1 synthesis is increased in renal microvessels when NO production is suppressed. In this model of hypertension, ET-1 is a major activator of collagen I formation in renal resistance vessels and participates in the development of renal fibrosis without affecting systolic blood pressure.
Clinical Evaluation of a Sonde-Type Small Intestinal Fiberscope
Authors: M. Tada, Y. Akasaka, F. Misaki, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1977)

Endoscopic examination using a specially designed sonde-type small intestinal fiberscope (SSIF, Olympus) was performed in 37 patients of our clinic. The improvement of the scope has enabled us to observe the greater parts of the small intestine within a short time and without hazard to the patient. Therefore, with further improvement of this instrument and the insertion technique, we will be able to inspect all parts of the small intestinal mucosa and diagnose the lesions more easily.
Pneumonia Treated with Methazine
Authors: B. A. Peters, M. L. Easby
Journal: BMJ (1943)

The accompanying table shows the details of each stage of treat- ment, its duration, and the changes in the clinical features of the case as each stage was concluded.On completion of treatment the initial tests were repeated, and it was found that all those previously abnormal were now normal.Creatine in small amounts was still being excreted in the urine.The patient was discharged well on May 1, 1942, and when last seen (Oct., 1942) was still free from recurrence of the skin lesion.
Body-Fluid Physiology: The Role of Potassium in Clinical Disturbances of Body Water and Electrolyte
Authors: Daniel C. Darrow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

FIVE years ago the studies on tissue composition were summarized, and an attempt was made to relate changes in tissue composition to clinical disturbances in the balance of water and electrolyte.1 It was pointed out that sodium is known to be present in variable amounts in the cells and that shifts of sodium from extracellular to intracellular fluids and vice versa affect the acid–base equilibrium of blood. Furthermore, the amount of potassium in the cells is also variable, and cellular potassium usually varies inversely with intracellular sodium in muscles. Evidence was brought out that the composition of the cells leads . . .
Serial passage of hepatitis delta virus in chronic hepatitis B virus carrier chimpanzees
Authors: Antonio Ponzetto, Francesco Negro, Hans Popper, Ferruccio Bonino, Ronald Engle, Mario Rizzetto, Robert H. Purcell, John L. Gerin
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Five consecutive passages of hepatitis delta virus in hepatitis B virus carrier chimpanzees were performed in order to further characterize the infectious and pathogenic nature of this naturally occurring defective virus. Three animals received identical inocula at fourth passage in order to assess individual animal variation as a factor in the course of infection and disease. Acute hepatitis delta virus infection occurred in all hepatitis B virus carrier chimpanzees as demonstrated by coincident intrahepatic hepatitis delta antigen, serum hepatitis delta antigen and serum hepatitis delta virus RNA followed by seroconversion to antibody to hepatitis delta antigen. In all animals, acute hepatitis was temporally associated with hepatitis delta virus infection and was self-limited. The incubation period to hepatitis shortened with passage, whereas biochemical and histologic evidence of liver diseases increased. The marked increase in liver disease with passage was not associated with increasing markers of hepatitis delta virus replication or expression, thus indicating that adaptation to the chimpanzee by serial passage resulted in increased hepatitis delta virus virulence. The duration of hepatitis due to hepatitis delta virus infection in three chimpanzees which received the same inoculum varied from 1 to 8 months. The observations of passage adaptation and individual host variation in this experimental model of hepatitis delta virus disease parallel known pathogenic variations in human hepatitis delta virus infection.
Spread of Cholera
Authors: L. J. Bruce-Chwatt
Journal: BMJ (1971)

<h3>ABSTRACT:</h3> The rationale for subsidizing soil and water conservation practices is that farmers would not adopt farming systems incorporating these practices to the extent desired by society without cost sharing subsidies. Premises underlying this rationale are that profit maximization is the sole criterion for selecting farming systems and farming systems incorporating soil and water conservation practices are less profitable than systems that exclude these practices. Validity of the profit maximization model is evaluated by comparing the selection of farming systems based on profit maximization and a general multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. Preferences for criteria were obtained from a survey of 20 farmers in Missouri9s Goodwater Creek watershed. The MCDM model was used to evaluate five farming systems in terms of five economic and environmental criteria: increasing net return (profit), reducing economic risk, reducing soil erosion, improving drinking water quality, and enhancing aquatic ecosystems. Three method were used to estimate the weights for the criteria: fixed point scoring, paired comparisons, and judgment analysis. Weights represent farmers9 preferences for the five criteria. Values of the five criteria are determined using a watershed simulation model. Weighs and values for the criteria are used to calculate utility scores, which are then used to rank the five farming systems. The top ranked and most profitable farming systems are different. Three possible interpretations of this discrepancy and their implications for conservation subsidies are discussed.
THE TONSILS, THEIR FUNCTION AND INDICATIONS FOR THEIR REMOVAL
Authors: L. W. DEAN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

A study of the tonsil problem requires a consideration of all the lymphoid tissue in the pharynx. The palatine tonsils are, on a clinical basis, the most important of the lymphoid structures in the throat. However, the other lymphoid masses may be and usually are involved in throat infection. They must be given serious consideration if the influence on systemic disease of infection about the throat is to be eradicated. Certainly in removing the conditions about the throat that have a deleterious influence on such diseases as rheumatic fever, heart disease, Still's disease, chorea and hemorrhagic nephritis, it is impossible to get the most satisfactory result by confining the attention to the palatine tonsils or to these structures plus the pharyngeal tonsil. If in this class of cases following the removal of the pharyngeal and palatine tonsils the children suffer from acute exacerbations of their systemic disease, and if, as