tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A simplified method for producing rapid ventricular hypertrophy in rats
Authors: A. B. MALIK, J. M. SHAPIRO, J. YANICS, A. ROJALES, A. S. GEHA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1974)

Journal Article A simplified method for producing rapid ventricular hypertrophy in rats Get access A. B. MALIK, A. B. MALIK From the Cardiopulmonary Research Laboratory, Waldheim Department of Surgery, The Jewish Hospital of St Louis, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, and the Department of Physiology, Albany Medical College of Union Unirersity, Albany, New York, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. M. SHAPIRO, J. M. SHAPIRO From the Cardiopulmonary Research Laboratory, Waldheim Department of Surgery, The Jewish Hospital of St Louis, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, and the Department of Physiology, Albany Medical College of Union Unirersity, Albany, New York, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. YANICS, J. YANICS From the Cardiopulmonary Research Laboratory, Waldheim Department of Surgery, The Jewish Hospital of St Louis, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, and the Department of Physiology, Albany Medical College of Union Unirersity, Albany, New York, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. ROJALES, A. ROJALES From the Cardiopulmonary Research Laboratory, Waldheim Department of Surgery, The Jewish Hospital of St Louis, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, and the Department of Physiology, Albany Medical College of Union Unirersity, Albany, New York, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. S. GEHA A. S. GEHA From the Cardiopulmonary Research Laboratory, Waldheim Department of Surgery, The Jewish Hospital of St Louis, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, and the Department of Physiology, Albany Medical College of Union Unirersity, Albany, New York, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 8, Issue 6, November 1974, Pages 801–805, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/8.6.801 Published: 01 November 1974
Outcomes in Patients With Prolonged PR Interval or First-Degree Atrioventricular Block
Authors: Vijay Arun Doraiswamy
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review Arteries of the Muscles of the Extremities and the Trunk (Book 1); Arterial Anastomotic Pathways of the Extremities (Book 2) (Michel Salmon Anatomic Studies.) Edited by G. Ian Taylor and Rosa M. Razaboni. 307 pp., illustrated. St. Louis, Quality Medical, 1994. $90. 0-942219-27-9
Authors: Timothy M. Whitney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)
The Report on Roburite. A Correction
Authors: Chas. J. Mouncey
Journal: BMJ (1889)

To investigate the characteristics of blood lipid metabolism in twin pregnancy combined with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). This study retrospectively analyzed 96 cases of twin pregnancy and 232 cases of full-term singleton pregnancy. General data and blood lipid levels, including triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), between twin and singleton pregnancies were compared. Blood lipid levels between GDM (PIH) and non-GDM (non-PIH) groups in twin pregnancy were compared. The TG level for twin pregnancy was higher than that for singleton pregnancy (p&lt;0.05), while there was no significant difference in the TC level between them (p&gt;0.05). The TG level in the GDM group was higher than that in the non-GDM group (p&lt;0.05), while the TC level in the GDM group was not different from that in the non-GDM group (p&gt;0.05). The TG level in the PIH group was higher than that in the non-PIH group (p&lt;0.05), while there was no difference in the TC level between them (p&gt;0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age was a risk factor for GDM and PIH in singleton and twin pregnancies. The lipid levels in twin pregnancy increased with the increase of gestational age, and the TG level in twin pregnancy complicated with GDM or PIH was higher than that in twin pregnancy without GDM or PIH, indicating that the blood lipid metabolism was related to the occurrence of GDM and PIH in twin pregnancy to some extent.
Creatine kinase-BB: A marker of liver sinusoidal damage in ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: Michel Vaubourdolle, Olivier Chazouilleres, Raoul Poupon, François Ballet, Jacqueline Braundwald, Claire Legendre, Bruno Baudin, André Kirn, Jacqueline Giboudeau
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Cell damage within the sinusoidal lining of human liver grafts during transplantation is an early event that is critical in ischemia-reperfusion injury and probably plays a key role in primary liver dysfunction after transplantation. No simple biochemical marker for sinusoidal injury is currently available. Because creatine kinase activity has been described in heart endothelial cells, we hypothesized that release of this enzyme might serve as an index of sinusoidal injury. To test this hypothesis, we used several in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Occlusion of the rat hepatic pedicle in situ for 60 min (normothermic ischemia) induced a significant increase in serum creatine kinase levels relative to those in laparotomized controls (2,530 ± 530 vs. 389 ± 64 IU/L, mean ± SEM; p &lt; 0.005). In the isolated perfused rat liver, 60-min ischemia induced early (≤ 3 min) creatine kinase and AST release (0.87 ± 0.14 vs. 0.08 ± 0.01 IU/min/gm liver, respectively). A similar phenomenon was observed after 24-hr or 48-hr hypothermic conservation in University of Wisconsin solution. Electrophoretic analysis and immunoinhibition studies showed that creatine kinase activity comprised creatine kinase-BB (≈ 50%) and mitochondrial creatine kinase. Trypan blue infusion showed a loss of viability in sinusoidal cells, whereas hepatocytes were relatively spared. Finally, murine sinusoidal cells were isolated, cultured and then lysed by a freeze-thaw cycle and sonication. Creatine kinase activity was found in endothelial cells (creatine kinase-BB), Kupffer cells (creatine kinase-BB) and Ito cells (creatine kinase-MM). Creatine kinase-BB was not found in hepatocytes, but mitochondrial creatine kinase was detected. These results indicate that liver ischemia-reperfusion injury induces a release of creatine kinase-BB from sinusoidal cells and of mitochondrial creatine kinase from hepatocytes, suggesting that creatine kinase-BB activity could provide a simple index of cell damage within the sinusoidal lining. (Hepatology 1993;17:423-428.)
Communicating About Risk of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Karen Glanz
Journal: JAMA (1996)

SEVERAL YEARS ago, a physician practicing in a mediumsized New England city began to see an increase in cases of Lyme disease among his patients. Within weeks, the apparent outbreak received wide coverage in the local news media, and he started to get anxious phone calls from patients, community groups, and reporters. The questions they asked did not have simple answers: What causes Lyme disease? How could it be diagnosed? Were treatments effective, and how fast did they work? Who was at risk? Was the disease contagious? Could it be prevented? How could children in schools and day care be protected? What were the local and state health departments doing about the problem? This type of scenario is becoming increasingly common as newly emerging infectious diseases affect American communities and resurgence of old diseases demands our attention. Effective communication about risk of infectious diseases is essential<sup>1</sup>to avoid or minimize
PWE-193 Out of hours GI bleeder service: the Leicester experience: Abstract PWE-193 Table 1
Authors: R D Ramiah, P Wurm
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeds is 50–150 cases per 100 000.<sup>1</sup> The introduction of the CROMES: “Scope for improvement” toolkit<sup>2</sup> has focused on the need for provision of a comprehensive GI bleed service. The RR-adjusted mortality in hospitals without an out of hours rota is 1.21 compared to those with a rota.<sup>1</sup> Despite this only 52% of hospitals have a formal out of hours (OOH) endoscopy rota.<sup>1</sup> The University Hospitals of Leicester (UHL) established a rota in 2006 which now provides 24/7 cover. We examined procedures performed since the rota was commenced. <h3>Methods</h3> The audit period covered August to January for each of the five consecutive years. We analysed procedures carried out on weekdays (17:00–9:00) and weekends and Bank holidays (24 h). Data were gathered from OOH books where all endoscopies are recorded and from formal endoscopy reports (Unisoft). In each case we considered the indication for endoscopy; appropriateness for an “urgent” procedure; findings at index endoscopy and the need for therapeutic intervention. <h3>Results</h3> The bulk of OOH work was performed on weekend mornings with weekdays accounting for much less; 6% in 2010–2011. Since commencement an increasing proportion of endoscopies were performed for “inappropriate” indications, as judged by UHL criteria (see Abstract PWE-193 table 1). There was an increase from 17% to 27% in the number of endoscopies where no pathology was found. Interestingly the proportion of patients with varices or variceal bleeds remained static at 9% throughout. Findings of peptic ulcer disease and gastritis/duodenitis have fallen by 16% over the period. The need for therapeutic intervention has almost halved. However, of those requiring intervention use of variceal banding and adrenaline injection significantly increased. Short-term outcomes were very good with over 90% of patients each year having their bleeding controlled and being returned to their ward. Longer-term outcomes were difficult to ascertain due to difficulties obtaining data. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The data shows trends towards an increasing number of procedures with fewer positive findings and less need for therapeutic intervention. While this is likely to be multi-factorial, one likely contributing factor is the ever-present shortage of acute medical beds leading to more routine work in order to expedite discharges. This does not necessarily constitute a misuse of the service, as early specialist endoscopic input is likely to improve patients9 management. However, these factors need consideration before offering such a service. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Hearnshaw S</b>, <i>et al.</i> “Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the UK: patient characteristics, diagnoses and outcomes in the 2007 UK Audit”. 2010. 2. http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/press-releases/new-guidance-stop-people-dying-acute-gastric-bleeding#main-content (accessed 10 Dec 2011).
Association between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: F. Aghajafari, T. Nagulesapillai, P. E. Ronksley, S. C. Tough, M. O'Beirne, D. M. Rabi
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objective</b> To assess the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels on pregnancy outcomes and birth variables. <b>Design</b> Systematic review and meta-analysis. <b>Data sources</b> Medline (1966 to August 2012), PubMed (2008 to August 2012), Embase (1980 to August 2012), CINAHL (1981 to August 2012), the Cochrane database of systematic reviews, and the Cochrane database of registered clinical trials. <b>Study selection</b> Studies reporting on the association between serum 25-OHD levels during pregnancy and the outcomes of interest (pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, bacterial vaginosis, caesarean section, small for gestational age infants, birth weight, birth length, and head circumference). <b>Data extraction</b> Two authors independently extracted data from original research articles, including key indicators of study quality. We pooled the most adjusted odds ratios and weighted mean differences. Associations were tested in subgroups representing different patient characteristics and study quality. <b>Results</b> 3357 studies were identified and reviewed for eligibility. 31 eligible studies were included in the final analysis. Insufficient serum levels of 25-OHD were associated with gestational diabetes (pooled odds ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 1.89), pre-eclampsia (1.79, 1.25 to 2.58), and small for gestational age infants (1.85, 1.52 to 2.26). Pregnant women with low serum 25-OHD levels had an increased risk of bacterial vaginosis and low birthweight infants but not delivery by caesarean section. <b>Conclusion</b> Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and small for gestational age infants. Pregnant women with low 25-OHD levels had an increased risk of bacterial vaginosis and lower birth weight infants, but not delivery by caesarean section.
Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in Elderly Patients-Reply
Authors: Margo Denke
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the comments of Dr Krumholz and colleagues and agree that the methods used at each independent site of EPESE were not identical. We also appreciate that the measures used in the study were relatively standard: measurements of lipid levels presumably were comparable across sites, and the measurements of outcomes, while not standardized for secondary analyses, were consistent in terms of mortality, the primary end point of the combined site analysis.<sup>1</sup>The verification of myocardial infarction and unstable angina with chart review at the New Haven site<sup>2</sup>would not explain the differences in mortality rates between New Haven and the other sites. We also appreciate that the New Haven cohort had "unique sample characteristics and health status characteristics,"<sup>3</sup>with the "lowest CHD mortality... but the highest death rate from non-CHD cardiovascular disease."<sup>1</sup>While this may have been a reason to publish the results
Of Lungs and Leukocytes
Authors: Dale E. Hammerschmidt
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The publication more than three centuries ago of Harvey's<i>De Motu Cardis</i>laid the theoretical foundation for blood transfusion. Early attempts followed soon thereafter and often met with disastrous outcome; even the reports of early "successes" contain vivid description of acute intravascular hemolysis, complete with back pain, fever, confusion, and hemoglobinuria.<sup>1</sup>In this century, the major and minor erythrocyte antigens have been recognized and practical techniques for anticoagulation, storage, and compatibility testing of blood have been devised. Once a desperate gamble, blood transfusion has become a safe and routine procedure. But the goal of complete safety remains elusive. Sensitization to minor RBC antigens may occur in consequence of pregnancy or prior transfusion, occasionally escaping detection in cross matching and resulting in hemolytic transfusion reactions. Our methods for excluding carriers of the hepatitis viruses (A, B, and non-A, non-B) from blood donation are primitive.<sup>2</sup>A third problem of particular
Outreach clinics in general practice
Authors: J A Dunbar, D S Vincent, J N Meikle, A P Dunbar, P A Jones, J Bailey, M Black, D Wilkin, S Weich, D MacMahon, A Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - The medical press has widely reported that outreach clinics do not seem to have improved communication between general practitioners and specialists. In the case of fundholding practices this conclusion cannot be drawn from the paper by Jacqueline Bailey and colleagues, who measured only how often general practitioners attended outreach clinics.1 There are many more efficient ways of communicating and learning than attending clinics. In my practice, which has five in house clinics, specialists discuss their cases over a working lunch attended by all partners and the practice's clinic nurse. We think that communications have improved greatly.

Bailey and colleagues state that fundholders had initiated their clinics. Presumably they arranged to communicate with specialists at other times. In the table showing the advantages to fundholders of outreach clinics, communication with specialists was mentioned most commonly and educational value was second. The outreach clinics have probably led to improved communications, but the authors' assessment based solely on general practitioners' attendance failed to show this.

A further weakness of the paper is that it compares the incomparable. The result is meaningless. Outreach clinics set up in health centres during the 1970s largely by psychiatrists are simply collocations of services. They cannot be compared with in house clinics set up recently for other specialties in fundholding practices. In house clinics have resulted in better use of resources by improving the accuracy of referral and reducing unnecessary review. The clinics are popular with patients, who find them convenient and like the familiar setting. In our experience they lead to improved …
Pharmacokinetic study of 3-in-1 poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D, L-lactic acid) micelles carrying paclitaxel, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin, and rapamycin
Authors: Ho-Chul Shin, Hyunah Cho, Tsz Chung Lai, Kevin R. Kozak, Jill M. Kolesar, Glen S. Kwon
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Algorithm-Directed Triage of Pediatric Patients
Authors: Frank P. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1980)

An Army corpsman used physician-written triage algorithms to rate the urgency of the chief complaints of 2,000 pediatric outpatients. His ratings agreed with subsequent ratings by physicians in 84% of cases. The corpsman assigned a higher care urgency classification in 15% of cases and a lower classification in only 1.2% of cases. No danger to patients resulted from the algorithm-directed screening. Use of a "nonprofessional" as a triage agent spares the pediatrician, pediatric nurse practitioner, and nurse for providing health care. With increasing use of acute care facilities by patients without appointments, physician-written algorithms allow triage agents who lack formal medical training to determine safely the need for care of patients.
Pseudo-lleovesical Fistula in Crohn Disease
Authors: Norman M. Panitch
Journal: JAMA (1975)

INTERNAL and external fistulae often occur during the course of Crohn disease<sup>1-3</sup>and occasionally are the initial manifestations of this disorder.<sup>4</sup> We wish to report a patient with an apparent ileovesical fistula on barium enema that was subsequently shown to be an atypical manifestation of partial small-bowel obstruction. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> This 26-year-old white man had had intermittent watery diarrhea for about six years. A rectal fistula had been surgically corrected five years previously but had healed poorly. Two weeks before admission, he had noted the sudden onset of crampy lower abdominal pain, diarrhea, and intermittent vomiting that was relieved at first by defecation. A barium enema, which was interpreted as showing an ileovesical fistula and an incomplete small-bowel obstruction (Fig 1), prompted his referral for further evaluation and therapy. Physical examination revealed a thin, chronically ill-appearing young man in no acute distress. Abdominal examination showed moderate
Gonadotropin Secretion from a Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: Charles Faiman, John A. Colwell, Robert J. Ryan, Jerome M. Hershman, Thomas W. Shields
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE recent finding of elevated levels of gonadotropins in tumor tissue and urine by bioassay in 4 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma strongly suggests the production of gonadotropins by these neoplasms.1 We have obtained proof of secretion of gonadotropin by a primary pulmonary neoplasm with the demonstration of an arteriovenous gradient of a serum gonadotropin concentration across the tumor bed by the use of a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay technic for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were also determined by a radioimmunoassay technic. These findings are reported below.MethodsTissue ExtractsFresh tissue was obtained at operation and at . . .
Let's work together
Authors: T. Groves
Journal: BMJ (2013)

John Ioannidis, in a long and thoughtful interview in The Atlantic, was recently called a “dashing nerd” for his work as a meta-researcher: it was meant as a compliment (www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/11/lies-damned-lies-and-medical-science/308269). His work couldn’t get much more meta than his current BMJ paper with US colleagues Konstantinos C Siontis and Tina Hernandez-Boussard (doi:10.1136/bmj.f4501).

They searched 2010’s PubMed for meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials on the effectiveness of interventions, randomly sampled 5% of them, searched with no date restriction for other potentially overlapping meta-analyses, and homed in on 20 clinical topics to assess the degree of …
Children and childhoods. Hidden casualties of war and civil unrest
Authors: J. G. Schaller
Journal: JAMA (1992)

We have grown accustomed to wars and to measuring the casualties of wars as body counts of soldiers or tabulations of strategic buildings, military installations, or targets that have been destroyed. But there are other hidden casualties that are rarely considered: children and childhoods. Articles in recent editions ofTHE JOURNALand American Medical Association (AMA) specialty journals document the threats of domestic and societal violence to children growing up in "peaceful" countries such as the United States.<sup>1-4</sup>A number of articles in this issue ofThe JOURNALconsider another form of violence—war. The consequences of war have changed since World War I, when the estimated number of civilians killed by direct warfare ranged from 5% to 19%.<sup>5-9</sup>By World War II, estimations of the proportion of civilians killed during war had risen to 48% to 50%.<sup>5-9</sup>In the more than 150 declared and undeclared wars since