tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Snaring of a Broken Sommer Pacemaker Electrode
Authors: ALLEN B. WEISSE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

The first instance of a broken Sommer pacemaker electrode and the successful retrieval of the separated intracardiac segment without thoracotomy is reported. Previous episodes of cardiac catheter breakage and methods for nontraumatic removal are described. An outline for avoiding such mishaps and an approach for their management if they do occur is presented.
Care.data doesn't care enough about consent
Authors: M. McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Why is care.data, the government’s flagship NHS patient data programme in England, floundering? It’s consent, stupid. Most citizens who were asked hadn’t heard of the scheme.1 Consent to upload individuals’ medical records was sought by sending a leaflet, which was typically lost among a heap of pizza delivery menus. People who had opted out of receiving junk mail did not get it at all.2

The few who read the leaflet would have found that it didn’t even mention “care.data.” Also, it was heavy on assumed benefits (“find more effective ways of preventing, treating and managing illnesses”) but light on potential harms.3 It did not mention who would handle the data extraction (Atos),4 that records could be sold to private …
Prospective measurement of Epstein-Barr virus–DNA in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
Authors: Ritsuro Suzuki, Motoko Yamaguchi, Koji Izutsu, Go Yamamoto, Kenzo Takada, Yasuaki Harabuchi, Yasushi Isobe, Hiroshi Gomyo, Tadashi Koike, Masataka Okamoto, Rie Hyo, Junji Suzumiya, Shigeo Nakamura, Keisei Kawa, Kazuo Oshimi
Journal: Blood (2011)
Strengthening Institutional Review Board Review of Highly Innovative Interventions in Clinical Trials
Authors: Bernard Lo
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Highly innovative approaches to disease treatment offer hope for therapeutic breakthroughs but also may cause serious unexpected adverse effects. For instance, repeated transplantation of neural stem cells resultedinmultipledonorcelltumors,1 and gene transfer using retrovirus vectors caused T-cell leukemia.2 Such interventions can be considered to be highly innovative because the biological mechanisms are not fully understood, animal models do not reliably predict human effects, adverse effects cannot be minimized by starting with a low “dose,” and the interventions have never or only rarely been previously used in humans.3
The Challenge of the Community Mental Health Movement to Psychoanalysis
Authors: ROBERT S. WALLERSTEIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

There is real danger today that community mental health programs will grow up apart from and conceptually antithetical to psychodynamic thinking. The author traces the unfortunate consequences should such a separation ensue. Rather than doing away with the need for individually oriented treatment, the proper development of a community mental health program actually generates an increased pressure for individual psychiatric care and psychotherapy. The specific enlargements of the usual purview of psychiatric practice brought about by a commitment to the community mental health concept are discussed within this framework.
LYMPHOSARCOMA OF THE MESENTERY.
Authors: MAXIMILIAN HERZOG
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Sometime ago Dr. M. L. Harris<sup>1</sup>and myself reported a case of lymphosarcoma of the mesentery operated on successfully in a boy 5 years old. When I then collected the literature of the subject, I was able to tabulate a total of 57 cases of solid mesenteric tumors, of which about 10 were sarcomata. To the latter class I am able to add a new case. As in most instances of solid mesenteric tumors, the exact diagnosis as to location was not made<i>intra-vitam</i>. For a short abstract of the history of the case, I am indebted to Dr. R. B. Preble, under whose care the patient was during his last weeks of life. The history is as follows: Sept. 14, 1898. H. G., German, 62 years old, physician. He traveled extensively as a young man, living for a time in Asia, where he escaped all diseases except a
The rocky road from Axis I to Axis II: Extending the network model of diagnostic comorbidity to personality pathology
Authors: Robert F. Bornstein
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract Although the network model represents a promising new approach to conceptualizing comorbidity in psychiatric diagnosis, the model applies most directly to Axis I symptom disorders; the degree to which the model generalizes to Axis II disorders remains open to question. This commentary addresses that issue, discussing opportunities and challenges in applying the network model to DSM -diagnosed personality pathology.
Papers for the Surgical Section.
Authors: W. L. Estes
Journal: JAMA (1895)

South Bethlehem, Pa., Dec. 18, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —As Secretary of the Surgical Section of theAssociation, I am now engaged in arranging a program for the Atlanta meeting. We have selected " The Surgery of the Cerebro-spinal Axis and its Bony Encasement," as the special subject for discussion. I am anxious to obtain as full and as representative a discussion on this important subject as practicable. Will you permit me through theJournalto call the attention of our surgical members to this subject, and to request from them a liberal contribution of papers, and careful preparation for discussing the subject. Besides this special subject there will be room on the program for papers on other subjects. I solicit the active assistance and contribution of the members. Members who desire to contribute papers to the Surgical Section will please notify me and send the title of their papers to
Interferon Inducers Revisited
Authors: Thomas C. Merigan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Two years ago, local application of interferon-stimulating double-stranded RNA was evaluated in the human respiratory tract for prophylactic effects against viruses, with only slightly beneficial results.1 Recently, two groups2 , 3 have reported on the use of a small molecule interferon inducer in similar trials, with similarly unimpressive results. In the current issue of the Journal, Panusarn et al. present a more encouraging result with a newer microtized preparation of the latter material. In a well designed and controlled study, they demonstrate that prophylactic instillation of the drug clearly prevented symptoms and virus shedding in volunteers in association with production of elevated . . .
Evaluation of the American Academy of Dermatology's National Skin Cancer Early Detection and Screening Program
Authors: Howard K Koh, Lawrence A Norton, Alan C Geller, Ting Sun, Darrell S Rigel, Donald R Miller, Ruth G Sikes, Karen Vigeland, Earl U Bachenberg, Padman A Menon, Sharon F Billon, Gerald Goldberg, Dwight A Scarborough, William M Ramsdell, Vincent A Muscarella, Robert A Lew
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1996)

Background: Increasing incidence and mortality rates from cutaneous melanoma are a major public health concern.As part of a national effort to enhance early detection of melanoma/skin cancer, the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) has sponsored an annual education and early detection program that couples provision of skin cancer information to the general public with almost 750,000 free skin cancer examinations (1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994).Objective: To begin to evaluate the impact of this effort, we determined the final pathology diagnosis of persons attending the 1992-1994 programs who had a suspected melanoma at the time of examination. Methods:We directly contacted all such persons by telephone or mail and received pathology reports from those who had a subsequent biopsy. Results:We contacted 96% of the 4458 persons with such lesions among the 282,555 screenings in the 1992-1994 programs.We obtained a final diagnosis for 72%, and the positive predictive value for melanoma was 17%.Three hundred seventy-one melanomas were found in 364 persons.More than 98% had localized disease.More than 90% of the confirmed melanomas with known histology were in situ or "thin" lesions (-< 1.50 mm thick).The median thickness of all melanomas was 0.30 mm.The 8.3% of AAD cases with advanced melanoma (metastatic disease, regional disease, or lesions --> 1.51 ram) is a lower proportion than that reported by the 1990 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result Registry.The rate of thickest lesions (--> 4 ram) and late-stage melanomas among all participants was 2.83 per 100,000 population.Of persons with a confirmed melanoma, 39% indicated (before their examination) that without the free program, they would not have considered having a physician examine their skin. Conclusion:The 1992-1994 free AAD programs disseminated broad skin cancer educational messages, enabled thousands to obtain a free expert skin cancer examination, and found mostly thin, localized stage 1 melanomas (usually associated with a high projected 5-year survival rate).Because biases impose possible limitations, future studies with long-term follow-up and formal control groups should determine the impact of early detection programs on melanoma mortality.
Steroid aerosols and cataract formation.
Authors: M. B. Allen, S. G. Ray, A. G. Leitch, B. Dhillon, B. Cullen
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Her clinical improvement was such that she bought her own cassette player and was able to leave hospital taking reduced doses of drugs.She continued to listen to tapes when troubled by voices.At nine months' follow up she had a part time job and was using the cassette player on most days. CommentOur results provide tentative support for the hypothesis that increased external auditory stimulation reduces the severity of persistent auditory hallucina- tions.The response to the use of earplugs did not support Green's hypothesis.4Our patient's hallucina- tions spontaneously disappeared every morning at 10 am.We surmise that this was caused by her concentrating on ward based occupational therapy that started then.The clinical outcome in this patient was impressive, though conclusions can be only tentative.Using a portable cassette player has the advantages of being cheap, simple, safe, non-invasive, and socially acceptable, and the patient is given a degree of personal control over distressing symptoms.We thank Dr J Hollyman for permission to study her patient.The study was
Glycemic Control and Prevention of Retinopathy in Japanese NIDDM Patients: A 10-year follow-up study
Authors: Tomoko Nakagami, Reiko Kawahara, Sadao Hori, Yasue Omori
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

To examine glycemic control for the prevention of retinopathy in early diagnosed Japanese NIDDM patients.There were 137 patients with NIDDM but without retinopathy who first visited our facility from 1983-1985. Their age at diagnosis ranged from 30-65 years, with a disease duration of < 3 years. The optic fundi were examined at least annually. The prevalence of retinopathy in the 10th year after registration in the study was compared in four groups stratified by mean HbA1c values for 10 years. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between retinopathy and covariates.None of the patients with a mean HbA1c < 6% had retinopathy. The prevalence of retinopathy was 17.2% in the group with a mean HbA1c of 6-6.9%, 14.3% in the group with a mean HbA1c of 7-7.9%, 41.9% at a mean HbA1c of 8-8.9%, and 54.8% when the mean HbA1c exceeded 9%. The prevalence of retinopathy increased with the increase in the mean HbA1c values over 10 years (trend, P < 0.005). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that mean HbA1c was the only significant risk factor for the development of retinopathy.Our results support the concept that an early diagnosis and better control lessen the risk for the development of retinopathy in Japanese NIDDM patients.
Estimating list inflation in a practice register.
Authors: J S Cobb, D P Miles
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The reason why patients were incorrectly registered in an age-sex register was studied. Whereas underregistration was caused by patient delay in registering with a doctor, the much greater number of overregistered patients were thought to be there largely because of administrative delays in removing their names from the register. It is suggested that it would be possible for the software of a computer system in general practice to correct the population size and structure for estimated list inflation.
Effect of urogastrone on gastric secretion and plasma gastrin levels in normal subjects.
Authors: J B Elder, P C Ganguli, I E Gillespie, E L Gerring, H Gregory
Journal: Gut (1975)

Purified human urogastrone was given by intravenous infusion to 12 normal volunteer subjects and measurements made of gastric acid, pepsin and intrinsic factor secretion, and of plasma gastrin concentration. Clinical, haematological, and biochemical screening tests were made throughout the period of study. Urogastrone inhibited acid and intrinsic factor secretion whether stimulated by pentagastrin, histamine, or insulin, but had a much less marked effect on gastric pepsin output. Plasma gastrin levels did not alter significantly. Limited dose-response studies showed that 0-25 mug urogastrone kg--1 hr--1 resulted in inhibition of acid output of 80% and was not associated with clinical side-effects. No significant alteration in any of the haematological or biochemical measurements was observed in any of the subjects.
Aetiology of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: W. B. Knapman
Journal: BMJ (1961)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Recent concerns about the reproducibility of science have led to several calls for more open and transparent research practices and for the monitoring of potential improvements over time. However, with tens of thousands of new biomedical articles published per week, manually mapping and monitoring changes in transparency is unrealistic. We present an open-source, automated approach to identify five indicators of transparency (data sharing, code sharing, conflicts of interest disclosures, funding disclosures and protocol registration) and apply it across the entire open access biomedical literature of 2.75 million articles on PubMed Central. Our results indicate remarkable improvements in some (e.g. conflict of interest disclosures, funding disclosures), but not other (e.g. protocol registration, code sharing) areas of transparency over time, and map transparency across fields of science, countries, journals and publishers. This work has enabled the creation of a large, integrated, and openly available database to expedite further efforts to monitor, understand and promote transparency and reproducibility in science.
Children of Home Dialysis Patients
Authors: Margaret Owen Tsaltas
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Fifteen children of six families in which one parent was undergoing home dialysis were examined by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, human figure drawings, and family interviews. All the children were found to be clinically depressed, and two thirds had a history of being referred by teachers to school counselors and psychiatrists for behavioral problems in school. Of these referred children, all showed disorders of psychomotor activity and reduced academic achievement. There was no clear-cut evidence that these children were depressed because of exposure to home dialysis per se. The most disturbed children seemed to be responding to depressed parents or to partial object loss. A controlled, prospective study is planned to clarify this question. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2764-2766, 1976)
Biliary sphincter dilation: a novel approach for management of a biliary basket impaction
Authors: P. Katsinelos, G. Germanidis, G. Chatzimavroudis, I. Pilpilidis, C. Zavos, J. Kountouras
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

We read with considerable interest the study by Misra & Dwivedi [1] concluding that large-diameter balloon dilation of the sphincterotomy site is an effective procedure for removal of bile duct stones that cannot be extracted by endoscopic sphincterotomy and conventional extraction devices. Their study inspired us to apply, for the first time, their technique in the management of an impacted biliary basket.
Ambulatory Care Medical Records
Authors: Jack Froom
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It is unfortunate that the editor has chosen to link my editorial entitled "International Classification of Health Problems in Primary Care" (234:1257, 1975) to the article "Ambulatory Care Medical Records" by Jackson et al (234:1245, 1975). The implication of this linkage is that I support the Uniform Minimum Basic Data Set as defined by the US National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics. The fact is that I believe this data set to be poorly conceived and not very useful in its present form. I have written a detailed critique, which will be published soon in the<i>New York State Medical Journal</i>. I will, therefore, only briefly comment on the Uniform Minimum Basic Data Set. The Committee designed a data set to be entered into the ambulatory medical record. What was needed was a set of data items that could be abstracted from the medical record. Each
Surgery for constipation.
Authors: M. M. Henry
Journal: BMJ (1989)

premorbid personality, and an estimate of the patient's ability to comply with dietary restrictions.The drugs should probably not be used in patients who abuse alcohol and in those with panic and hypochondriacal symptoms who are unable to tolerate even the slightest side effect-for example, dizziness-because it causes further anxiety.For such patients a treatment such as cognitive therapy may be better,'9 but monoamine oxidase inhibitors may be particularly useful in agoraphobics and patients with phobic avoidance who are either unable or unwilling to engage in behavioural treatment.20
REMOTE RESULTS OF COMPLETE HOMOTRANSPLANTATION OF THE CORNEA
Authors: Albert H. Ebeling, Anne Carrel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

1. A flap composed of the entire thickness of the cornea of a cat was transplanted to the cornea of another cat, and was found to be perfectly transparent 2 years after the operation. 2. The curvatures of the cornea appeared to be normal.
Frequent clonal loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the chromosomal region 1p32 occurs in childhood T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) carrying rearrangements of the TAL1 gene
Authors: A Iolascon, MF Faienza, B Coppola, A Moretti, G Basso, R Amaru, G Viganò, A Biondi
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
Evolutionary principles and the emergence of syntax
Authors: P. Thomas Schoenemann, William S.-Y. Wang
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract The belief that syntax is an innate, autonomous, species-specific module is highly questionable. Syntax demonstrates the mosaic nature of evolutionary change, in that it made use of (and led to the enhancement of) numerous preexisting neurocognitive features. It is best understood as an emergent characteristic of the explosion of semantic complexity that occurred during hominid evolution.
Abstract 4657: Differential regulation of autophagy vs. apoptosis as a potentially unique mechanism of cancer cell specific radiosensitization with fluoxetine
Authors: Nicci P. Moran-Guiati
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Prior data demonstrate that selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are cytotoxic to cancer cells and that fluoxetine can sensitize cells to radiotherapy (XRT) potentially through induction of autophagy; however, there is limited information on the effects of serotonergic receptor modulation and mechanisms of other SSRIs on cytotoxicity with radiotherapy. Methods: Human lung cancer lines (A549 and H460) and oropharyngeal cancer cells (FaDu) were treated with dose escalated SSRIs (fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine), serotonergic receptor (5-HTR) agonists (CP809101, S14506), or 5-HTR antagonists (agomelatine, spiroxatrine) alone or in combination with dose escalated XRT to evaluate the effects of on cell survival using clonogenic survival assays. 5-HTR expression, apoptosis, and autophagy were evaluated as potential mechanisms of the effects of SSRIs on XRT. Results: Fluoxetine, paroxetine, or sertraline alone had a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells in a concentration dependent manner. Fluoxetine had a sensitizing effect in combination with XRT in a cell specific manor; however, sertraline and paroxetine had an additive cytotoxic effect on XRT. 5-HTR agonists and antagonists did not demonstrate any significant sensitizing effects, but agonists were cytotoxic at 10-50 uM with no apparent cytotoxicity from antagonists. Western blot analysis demonstrated that fluoxetine, paroxetine, or sertraline decreased apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP) and increased autophagy (LC3B-II) in H460 cells associated with the sensitizing effect of fluoxetine on XRT. In contrast, the additive cytotoxicity of sertraline or paroxetine was not associated with a differential regulation of apoptosis vs. autophagy in A549 cells. Conclusions: SSRIs appear to have a cytotoxic effect alone or in combination with XRT potentially through a non 5-HTR based mechanism. The cell specific differential regulation of apoptosis vs. autophagy associated with fluoxetine warrants further examination of a potentially unique mechanism of radiosensitization. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4657. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4657
Feature learning during the acquisition of perceptual expertise
Authors: Pepper Williams, Isabel Gauthier, Michael J. Tarr
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Does feature evolution stop once we have acquired sufficient features to perform a recognition task? With extended practice, novices may develop a more sophisticated feature space that allows them to perform more accurately or quickly. Our work on perceptual expertise indicates that feature learning and reorganization can continue even after an initial set of features is available to represent a novel class of objects.
Acute basophilic leukemia: Case report
Authors: Ritu Gupta, Paresh Jain, Mona Anand
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract The term “basophilic leukemia” has been in use for 75 years. However, consistent diagnostic criteria are lacking. This is due to the rarity of the disease and to the routine unavailability of special tests that are often required to confirm a diagnosis. We report an unusual case of acute basophilic leukemia in a child who was referred to our Center, arriving with partially treated acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Basophilic differentiation on light microscopy was evident from the coarse basophilic granules in blasts, a progressive maturation of blasts toward basophils, and toluidine positivity on cytochemistry. Blasts showed a myeloid immunophenotype (CD13 + , CD33 + , CD117 + ) with a characteristic dual positivity for CD34 and CD25, highly suggestive of basophilic nature of the blasts. Conventional cytogenetic studies revealed translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22). A diagnosis of acute basophilic leukemia with t(8;21) was made. Review of pre‐therapy slides showed features consistent with AML‐M2 with basophilia. There were no basophilic blasts. With these features, a diagnosis of acute basophilic leukemia secondary to AML‐M2 was made. In our patient, basophilic leukemia appears to have evolved from selective clonal proliferation of “basophil‐committed blasts” during the course of the disease in a case of AML‐M2 with basophilia. Am. J. Hematol. 76:134–138, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
170 Carriage of the apoliproprotein E-epsilon 4 allele and progression of fibrosis in recurrent hepatitis C
Authors: P. Toniutto, C. Fabris, A. Perin, E. Fumo, L. Apollonio, M. Caldato, L. Mariuzzi, R. Minisini, M. Pirisi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)