tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Bradshaw Lecture on Infantile Scurvy and its Relation to Rickets: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London
Authors: T. Barlow
Journal: BMJ (1894)

MR. PaESIDBNT,-Eleven years ago I submitted to the con- sideration of members of our profession the results of an analysis of thirty-one cases of what I believed to be infantile scurvy.Such cases, thbugh scantily reported in England, were well known in German medical literature, and described under the title of " Acute Rickets."So far back as 1873 Dr Ingerslev, a Swedish physician, had suggested the scorbutic nature of one case under his care.But scurvy had been dis- missed by the German school, amongst other reasons because no sponginess of gums was to be found in many of the cases.
Integrative Reflex Control of Heart Rate in the Rabbit during Hypoxia and Hyperventilation
Authors: PAUL I. KORNER, JOHN SHOW, MALCOLM J. WEST, JUDITH R. OLIVER, ROLAND G. HILDER
Journal: Circulation Research (1973)

Baroreceptor mean arterial blood pressure-heart period curves were obtained for unanesthetized sham-operated, thalamic, or pontine rabbits at an arterial Po 2 of 100 or 30 mm Hg. Each curve was S-shaped: it had a lower heart period plateau below threshold pressure, a part where heart period increased monotonically with rising mean arterial blood pressure, and an upper heart period plateau above upper saturation pressure. In spontaneously breathing rabbits, the pressure-dependent parameters of the curves were altered during hypoxia; in addition, there were baroreflex-independent shifts in heart period plateau levels. Suprapontine centers participated in both of these changes. An afferent analysis performed in rabbits treated with atropine and subjected to controlled ventilation showed that the changes in curve parameters were due to afferent interactions in cardiac sympathetic motoneurons between (1) arterial baroreceptor and chemoreceptor inputs which increased threshold, (2) arterial baroreceptor and cardiopulmonary baroreceptor inputs which lowered threshold and increased gain, and (3) cardiopulmonary baroreceptor and chemoreceptor inputs which increased gain and heart period range. Baroreflex-independent shifts in plateau levels were due to increased chemoreceptor and lung inflation receptor activity. The baroreflex-dependent and the baroreflex-independent components of the heart period response were mediated (as in spontaneously breathing rabbits) through both suprapontine centers and pontine centers.
THE ADJUVANT ACTION OF QUININ HYDROCHLORATE IN INFECTIONS BY THE BACILLUS OF TETANUS.
Authors: EUGENE F. McCAMPBELL
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Not long since my attention was directed to a case of tetanus of a very rapid and severe type which ended fatally. It appeared to be a case of so-called idiopathic tetanus as no history of trauma of any kind was given. On careful examination it was found that the patient had been threatened with an attack of malaria not long before the attack of tetanus and had been given a hypodermic injection of the hydrochlorate of quinin by the physician in charge. The attack was evidently aborted as no other symptoms resulted until those of tetanus developed. This incident called to mind some very interesting work reported by Prof. M. E. Vincent, which I had tried to corroborate some time before. In the hope of being more successful in the work of corroboration than I was in the first series of experiments, which were entirely negative, and in the
Serious Fraud Office swoops on drug companies
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Police investigating a suspected £400m ($576m; ![Graphic][1]</img>652m) conspiracy to defraud the UK National Health Service raided the offices of six drug companies and executives' homes last week. In more than a dozen dawn raids at addresses in England, Scotland, and Wales, police officers—with support from Serious Fraud Office lawyers, financial investigators, and forensic computer specialists—seized documents, computer records, and bank statements. The searches were part of a major investigation by the Serious Fraud Office into … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
The Single Mitochondrial Porin of Trypanosoma brucei is the Main Metabolite Transporter in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane
Authors: M. Pusnik, F. Charriere, P. Maser, R. F. Waller, M. J. Dagley, T. Lithgow, A. Schneider
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

All mitochondria have integral outer membrane proteins with beta-barrel structures including the conserved metabolite transporter VDAC (voltage dependent anion channel) and the conserved protein import channel Tom40. Bioinformatic searches of the Trypanosoma brucei genome for either VDAC or Tom40 identified a single open reading frame, with sequence analysis suggesting that VDACs and Tom40s are ancestrally related and should be grouped into the same protein family: the mitochondrial porins. The single T. brucei mitochondrial porin is essential only under growth conditions that depend on oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria isolated from homozygous knockout cells did not produce adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) in response to added substrates, but ATP production was restored by physical disruption of the outer membrane. These results demonstrate that the mitochondrial porin identified in T. brucei is the main metabolite channel in the outer membrane and therefore the functional orthologue of VDAC. No distinct Tom40 was identified in T. brucei. In addition to mitochondrial proteins, T. brucei imports all mitochondrial tRNAs from the cytosol. Isolated mitochondria from the VDAC knockout cells import tRNA as efficiently as wild-type. Thus, unlike the scenario in plants, VDAC is not required for mitochondrial tRNA import in T. brucei.
Prevalence screening for ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women by CA 125 measurement and ultrasonography.
Authors: I Jacobs, A P Davies, J Bridges, I Stabile, T Fay, A Lower, J G Grudzinskas, D Oram
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the performance of the sequential combination of serum CA 125 measurement and ultrasonography in screening for ovarian cancer. DESIGN--The serum CA 125 concentration of each subject was determined and those with a concentration &gt; or = 30 U/ml were recalled for abdominal ultrasonography. If ultrasonography gave abnormal results surgical investigation was arranged. Volunteers were followed up by annual postal questionnaire. SETTING--General practice, occupational health departments, ovarian cancer screening clinic. SUBJECTS--22,000 women volunteers who were postmenopausal and aged over 45 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Apparent sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, years of cancer detected. RESULTS--41 women had a positive screening result and were investigated surgically. 11 had ovarian cancer (true positive result) and 30 had other disorders or no abnormality (false positive result). Of the 21,959 volunteers with a negative screening result, eight subsequently presented clinically with ovarian cancer (false negative result) and 21,951 had not developed ovarian cancer during follow up (apparent true negative result). The screening protocol achieved a specificity of 99.9%, a positive predictive value of 26.8%, and an apparent sensitivity of 78.6% and 57.9% at one year and two year follow up respectively. The estimated number of years of cancer detected by the prevalence screen was 1.4 years. CONCLUSIONS--This screening protocol is highly specific for ovarian cancer and can detect a substantial proportion of cases at a preclinical stage. Further investigation is required to determine the effect of the screening protocol on the ratio of early to late stage disease detected and on mortality from ovarian cancer.
Treatment of Pleural Mesothelium
Authors: William F. Briney
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  I was interested in the article by Strober et al, Malignant Pleural Disease: A Radiotherapeutic Approach to the Problem (226:296, 1973), that emphasized a simple, safe, and effective means of controlling malignant pleural disease. All of their patients had pleural disease as a result of metastases from another primary source, either lung or breast. May I comment briefly on another malignant pleural process that we treated recently with radiotherapy with equally satisfactory results.  A 29-year-old man with an unexplained pleural effusion was ultimately found, by an open pleural biopsy (a previous needle biopsy was inconclusive), to have a diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma. He had been subject to recurrent pleural effusions that had required multiple thoracenteses. There was no known exposure to asbestos.  The therapy for this disease is not well established. Surgical excision has been replaced by intrapleural agents such as mechlorethamine hydrochloride and gold Au 198.
An epidemiological study of the immunogenetic aetiology of pre-eclampsia.
Authors: B W Alderman, R S Sperling, J R Daling
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A population based case-control study of the association between dissimilar race of parents and risk of pre-eclampsia was undertaken. Data on singleton births in Washington State in 1981 were available for analysis from birth certificates. All mothers recorded as having pre-eclampsia and a sample of mothers who did not have pre-eclampsia were eligible for comparison with regard to racial dissimilarity between parents. Women with previously diagnosed cardiovascular disease and diabetes were excluded. After the confounding effects of maternal parity and race had been controlled for, racial dissimilarity of parents was associated with a 1.9-fold increased risk of pre-eclampsia (95% confidence interval = 1.3-2.8; number of cases = 973, of controls = 1480). This finding supports the theory that genetic dissimilarity of father and mother has a role in pre-eclampsia and is consistent with an immunogenetic aetiology.
STATISTICS ON CANCER AT ALGIERS
Authors: Frederick L. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The government of Algeria recently published an interesting report of the mortality of the city of Algiers which includes some exceptionally valuable statistics on cancer. The report is the work of Dr. Lemaire and covers the period 1914-1921, inclusive. The cancer statistics are given in the accompanying table. I may add to the foregoing that the European population of Algiers is estimated at 147,986, while the native population is given as 47,669.
New clinics for HIV testing. Upgrade existing services.
Authors: S Drake, S Skidmore, D White
Journal: BMJ (1993)

does not seem to warrant interferon being withheld if active hepatitis C has been diagnosed.Even if chronic hepatitis C is responsible for precipitating autoimmune liver injury-which remains to be shown-treatment of the primary disease may improve both, as in a recent report of successful treatment with interferon of membranous glomerulonephritis associated with chronic hepatitis C.5Liver biopsy may be helpful in determining whether autoimmune disease or hepatitis C predominates in individual patients with markers of both.When diagnostic doubt persists despite serological examination and biopsy we agree with the authors of the editorial that steroids are a reasonable first choice.Given the possibility of lasting eradication of hepatitis C virus and prevention of the long term sequelae of chronic hepatitis C, however, we think that patients with a firm diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C should generally receive interferon first and be closely observed in the early stages of treatment.
Lipoma-induced colon intussusception
Authors: C.-W. Lin, Y.-H. Hsieh, J.-E. Tzeng, K. Tseng
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Intussusception is defined as invagination of the proximal bowel into the distal segment, which produces a telescoping effect. Colonic intussusception occurs in fewer than 5 % of the adult population and most patients have a pathological lead point [1]. Colonic lipomas are relatively rare and frequently asymptomatic. However, large lipomas are more likely to cause complications, such as abdominal pain, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, obstruction or, rarely intussusception [2] [3] [4]. We present a patient with colocolonic intussusception due to lipoma, with classical clinical, endoscopic, and radiographic features.
Quinidine Excretion in Aciduria and Alkaluria
Authors: ROBERT E. GERHARDT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Quinidine toxicity may develop unexpectedly when the urine becomes alkaline in disease or during alkalinizing therapy. Excretion of quinine, the optical isomer of quinidine, is known to be retarded by urine alkalinization. These observations prompted study of quinidine excretion as a function of urine pH. Four subjects were given constant quinidine dosage with the pH and quinidine concentration of blood and urine determined during aciduria and alkaluria. The results indicated that excretion of quinidine varied inversely with urine pH. With urine pH <6.0, average quinidine excretion was 115 ± 84 mg/liter; for pH >7.5 average excretion was 13 ± 8 mg/liter (P < 0.001). Total daily excretion of quinidine was also reduced significantly. Blood pH did not change significantly, but quinidine clearance decreased 50%, and serum quinidine concentration and Q-T interval increased during alkalinization. These results are discussed in light of several theories of renal excretion of quinidine.
Vitamin D3 Induces Autophagy in Human Monocytes/Macrophages via Cathelicidin
Authors: Jae-Min Yuk, Dong-Min Shin, Hye-Mi Lee, Chul-Su Yang, Hyo Sun Jin, Kwang-Kyu Kim, Zee-Won Lee, Sang-Hee Lee, Jin-Man Kim, Eun-Kyeong Jo
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)
Carbamazepine promotes liver regeneration and survival in mice
Authors: Tsukasa Kawaguchi, Takahiro Kodama, Hayato Hikita, Satoshi Tanaka, Minoru Shigekawa, Takatoshi Nawa, Satoshi Shimizu, Wei Li, Takuya Miyagi, Naoki Hiramatsu, Tomohide Tatsumi, Tetsuo Takehara
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Is cetacean social learning unique?
Authors: Vincent M. Janik
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Studies on captive dolphins have shown that they are capable of social learning. However, ethnographic data are less conclusive and many examples given for social learning can be explained in other ways. Before we can claim that cetacean culture is unique we need more rigorous studies which are fortunately not as difficult as Rendell and Whitehead seem to think.
Phenformin and Pancreatitis
Authors: ALEXANDER A. LEVITAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 February 1973Phenformin and PancreatitisALEXANDER A. LEVITAN, M.D., M.P.H.ALEXANDER A. LEVITAN, M.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-2-306_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The letter by Dr. Wilde (1), which raises the question of a causal association of phenformin and pancreatitis, prompts me to report a case of pancreatitis in association with severe acidosis in a patient on phenformin therapy who, unfortunately, unlike Dr. Wilde's patient, was less than discreet in his consumption of alcohol, thus clouding the causal meaning of the association.The patient was a 68-year-old, well-nourished man who had presumably been eating normally while drinking a pint of whiskey daily and adhering to a therapeutic regimen of phenformin (50 mg daily), tolbutamide (250 mg daily), and an...References1. WILDE H: Pancreatitis and phenformin (letter). Ann Intern Med 77:324, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar2. BERNIERMILLERSPRINGATE GMC: Lactic acidosis and phenformin hydrochloride. JAMA 184:43-46, 1963 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. STRUMSPIRO WH: Chronic pancreatitis. Ann Intern Med 74:264-267, 1971 LinkGoogle Scholar2. BOSSAKJOELSON ER: Acute pancreatitis complicating diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 97:201-207, 1956 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. FINNCOPE RS: The plasma amylase in diabetic coma. Diabetes 12:141-143, 1963 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ALEXANDER A. LEVITAN, M.D., M.P.H.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA systematic review of acute pancreatitis as an adverse event of type 2 diabetes drugs: from hard facts to a balanced positionDrug-Induced PancreatitisAn increase in creatine kinase secondary to acute pancreatitis: a case reportDrug-induced pancreatitis: A critical reviewEtiology of Acute PancreatitisMetabolic Acidosis and the Use of Buffers in the Critically IIIDRUG-ASSOCIATED PRIMARY ACUTE PANCREATITISLactic acidosis in biguanide-treated diabeticsPhenformin and Hyperamylasemia in Lactic AcidosisLYDIA A. CONLAY, M.D., JOSEPH E. LOEWENSTEIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Phenformin-Associated PancreatitisHERBERT S. CHASE Jr., M.D., GLEN R. MOGAN, M.D.Lactic acidosis and hyperamylasaemia associated with phenformin therapyCreatine Phosphokinase ElevationCHARLES K. TASHIMA, M.D. 1 February 1973Volume 78, Issue 2Page: 306-308KeywordsAlcohol consumptionEatingPancreatitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Immunoglobulins in Temporal Arteries
Authors: GEORGE C. LIANG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Immunofluorescent studies were done on 15 consecutive temporal artery biopsy specimens and on control specimens obtained from 10 patients after they died from unrelated diseases. Four different patterns of immunoglobulin deposition were seen. "Cytoplasmic" and "elastic" patterns occurred together only in three patients with histologic giant cell arteritis; these patterns were not seen in control specimens. "Nuclear" deposition was seen in three patients who had circulating antinuclear antibodies. The "linear" pattern was nonspecific, because it was found in both patient and control specimens. These findings parallel those of other forms of vasculitis, which suggests that antibodies participate in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis. The immunoglobulins in these vessels may be antibodies to a component of the arterial wall (presumably elastin), or they may result from deposition of circulating immune complexes.
Today's Medical Marriage, Part 2
Authors: Wayne M. Sotile
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Angiographic appearance of carotid bifurcation in pateints with completed stroke, transient ischaemic attacks, and cerebral tumour.
Authors: M J Harrison, J Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The angiographic appearance of the carotid bifurcation was compared in groups of patients aged 50-59 suffering from transient ischaemic attacks (40 cases), cerebral infarction with completed stroke (44 cases), and cerebral hemisphere tumour (66 cases). Carotid occlusion was found in 14% of those with infarcts and 5% of those with transient ischaemic attacks. Carotid stenosis was found in 40% of those with ischaemic attacks and 14% of those with infarcts. Minor irregularity of the carotid arterial wall was equally common in all three groups.
PERICARDITIS AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: William Dressler
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Pericarditis may accompany acute myocardial infarction as an insignificant feature or as a major complication which is often associated with pleurisy and not infrequently with pneumonia. The triad, resembling closely the postcardiotomy syndrome, has been referred to as post-myocardial-infarction syndrome.<sup>1</sup>One of its characteristic features is a tendency to relapse. The following case is reported because a post-myocardial-infarction syndrome continued to recur over a period of 28 months. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 44-year-old man fell ill on Oct. 28, 1956, and had a sensation of severe pressure in the precordial area radiating to the left shoulder and arm. He was hospitalized on the same day, and an electrocardiogram showed features indicative of a recent anteroseptal-wall myocardial infarction. The patient felt better for four days, but on the fifth day he experienced gripping chest pain which was aggravated by supine position and deep inspiration. A pericardial friction rub was
THE LIFE-SPAN OF FILARIA MEDINENSIS
Authors: P. Manson
Journal: BMJ (1903)

MIEDICAL JOURNAiL [UY 4~3 related I lhave lost but 3 from the operation, and these were all amongst my earlier operationis.This gives a mortality of just over 9 per cent.I feel sure that, witlh growing experi- ence, we sliall be able to reduce that mortality still further.if so, there is 11o reason wlhat tlhat condition known as catheter life slhould niot in the main disappear.To some, it is true, it proves a matter of but sliglit inconivenienice, but there are few wlio would n-ot gladly resume their more youtlhful lhabits of micturitioni, eveni at the risk of an operation, if they realized to the full the dangers tlley are incurring from sepsis, quite apart fromii tlle weakness and lack of energy which is brouglht on by frequently rising at niight to empty their bladders.If the best results are to be obtained, the operation must be performiied before the bladder becomes septic.