tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Update in Oncology
Authors: Steven H. Stein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Updates from the Annual Session21 October 2003Update in OncologySteven H. Stein, MDSteven H. Stein, MDFrom the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-8-200310210-00010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This year's Update in oncology discusses 7 manuscripts published in 2002. Each provides evidence that could change standards of care. The articles fall into the following categories: screening, prevention, and therapeutics. I compiled these articles with the help of my colleagues at the University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.ScreeningPerhaps the most exciting news came from the field of proteomics. A new study indicated that proteomics pattern technology may become a valuable tool for screening for early ovarian cancer.Proteomics Tool Identified Early Ovarian Cancer Petricoin EF, Ardekani AM, Hitt BA, et al. Use of proteomic patterns in ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Contributing Editor: Jennifer Fisher Wilson.Disclosures: None disclosed.Corresponding Author: Steven H. Stein, MD, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Penn Tower 14th Floor, 34th and Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, PA 19104. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 October 2003Volume 139, Issue 8Page: 666-669KeywordsBreast cancerChronic myelocytic leukemiaHuman papillomavirusMonoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significanceOvarian cancerProstate cancerSerum proteinsSurgeryVaccinesVenous thromboembolism ePublished: 21 October 2003 Issue Published: 21 October 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Incidence of Stroke According to Presence of Diabetic Nephropathy and Severe Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Stefanie Hägg, Lena M. Thorn, Jukka Putaala, Ron Liebkind, Valma Harjutsalo, Carol M. Forsblom, Daniel Gordin, Turgut Tatlisumak, Per-Henrik Groop
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Type 1 diabetes is associated with a markedly increased risk of stroke, but only a few studies on the incidence of stroke in type 1 diabetes exist. Therefore, we assessed the incidence of stroke in patients with type 1 diabetes and studied the impact of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and severe diabetic retinopathy (SDR) on this risk.We studied 4,083 patients with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study. Mean age was 37.4 ± 11.8 years, duration of diabetes was 21.6 ± 12.1 years, and 52% were men. Strokes were identified from medical records, death certificates, and the National Hospital Discharge Register and classified based on medical files and brain images.During 36,680 person-years of follow-up, 149 (4%) patients suffered an incident stroke (105 infarctions and 44 hemorrhages). Of the infarctions, 58 (55%) were lacunar. The incidence of stroke, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage was 406 (95% CI 344-477), 286 (234-347), and 120 (87-161) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. In an adjusted analysis, microalbuminuria increased the risk of stroke with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.2 (1.9-5.6), macroalbuminuria 4.9 (2.9-8.2), and end-stage renal disease 7.5 (4.2-13.3), and SDR increased the risk with an HR of 3.0 (1.9-4.5). The risk of cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and lacunar infarction increased in a similar manner. The proportion of lacunar versus nonlacunar infarction did not change across DN groups.The presence of SDR and DN, independently, increases the risk of stroke, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage in patients with type 1 diabetes.
1154-98 Ventricular fibrillation triggered by thoracic compression during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation in the placenza vita project
Authors: Alessandro Capucci, Daniela Aschieri, Simona Bennati, Massimo Piepoli, Giovanni Quinto Villani, Giovanni Quinto Villani, Maurizio Arvedi, Gust Bardy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Internship and MD Degree
Authors: John C. Nunemaker
Journal: JAMA (1971)

There are two situations under which it is proposed that a medical student serve an internship prior to receiving his MD degree. The situation is clear for those students who complete their entire medical school course work and qualify for the MD degree earlier than normal but who cannot receive the MD diploma until the commencement date for the institution. A memorandum was circulated on July 30, 1968, clarifying the conditions under which such individuals could serve legally as interns and could be documented officially in the AMA biographic files as having served internships as physicians. A considerably more murky situation relates to the occasional requests from medical school officials for AMA authorization to credit fourth-year medical students with having served an AMA-approved internship during their fourth year of medical school and before they have qualified for graduation and receipt of the MD degree. In this latter situation, the AMA
Genome-wide copy number profiling reveals molecular evolution from diagnosis to relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Jun J. Yang, Deepa Bhojwani, Wenjian Yang, Xiangjun Cai, Gabriele Stocco, Kristine Crews, Jinhua Wang, Debra Morrison, Meenakshi Devidas, Stephen P. Hunger, Cheryl L. Willman, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Ching-hon Pui, William E. Evans, Mary V. Relling, William L. Carroll
Journal: Blood (2008)
Protein Kinase Cδ Activates RelA/p65 and Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling in Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor-α
Authors: Zheng-Guang Lu, Hanshao Liu, Tomoko Yamaguchi, Yoshio Miki, Kiyotsugu Yoshida
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is tightly modulated by IκB kinases and IκBα in the cytoplasm. On stimulation, NF-κB translocates into the nucleus to initiate transcription; however, regulation of its transcriptional activity remains obscure. Here, we show that protein kinase C (PKC) δ controls the main subunit of NF-κB, RelA/p65. On exposure to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), the expression of RelA/p65 target genes such as IκBα, RelB, and p100/p52 is up-regulated in a PKCδ-dependent manner. The results also show that PKCδ is targeted to the nucleus and forms a complex with RelA/p65 following TNF-α exposure. Importantly, kinase activity of PKCδ is required for RelA/p65 transactivation. In concert with these results, PKCδ activates RelA/p65 for its occupancy to target-gene promoters, including IκBα and p100/p52. Moreover, functional analyses show that inhibition of PKCδ is associated with substantial attenuation of NF-κB activity in response to TNF-α. These findings provide evidence that PKCδ orchestrates RelA/p65 transactivation, a requisite for NF-κB signaling pathway in the nucleus. [Cancer Res 2009;69(14):5927–35]
99mTc-LABELLED HEXAMETHYLPROPYLENEAMINE OXIME PHOTON EMISSION SCANS IN EPILEPSY
Authors: H.J. Biersack, K. Reichmann, C. Winkler, H. Stefan, P. Bülau, K. Kuhnen, H. Penin, D.A. Tyrrell, R.D. Neirinckx, K.R. Gruner
Journal: The Lancet (1985)
Medical CD-ROMs
Authors: Robert Hogan
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exponential analysis of lobar pressure-volume characteristics.
Authors: N Berend, C Skoog, W M Thurlbeck
Journal: Thorax (1981)

In 19 excised left human lungs, seven of which were emphysema-free, lobar pressure-volume (P-V) characteristics were analysed by fitting to the P-V data an exponential of the form V=A-Be-KPL (where V is the volume at a transpulmonary pressure (PL), A is the theoretical lung volume at infinite PL, B is the difference between A and the intercept of the fitted exponential on the volume axis and K is a shape constant). In the emphysema-free lungs there was no difference in the B/A ratio expressed as a percentage, indicating an identical position of the P-V curves of the upper and lower lobes. However the upper lobes had significantly (p less than 0.025) higher values for K than the lower lobes indicating greater compliance. In 10 emphysematous lungs the upper lobes were more severely involved than the lower lobes. In these lungs the difference in K between upper and lower lobes had been abolished suggesting that the less emphysematous lower lobes had increased compliance relatively more than the upper lobes.
Pathologist in Sally Clark murder case is charged with withholding vital evidence
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Low coverage genome sequencing is rapid and cost-effective for recovering complete mitochondrial genomes for animal phylogenomics. The recovery of high copy number nuclear genes, including histone H3, 18S and 28S ribosomal RNAs, is also possible using this approach. In this study, we explore the potential of the genome skimming (GS) to recover additional nuclear genes from shallow sequencing projects. Using an <i>in silico</i> baited approach, we recover three additional core histone genes (H2A, H2B and H4) from our existing collection of low coverage decapod crustacean dataset (99 species, 69 genera, 38 families, 10 infraorders). Phylogenetic analyses based on various combinations of mitochondrial and nuclear genes for the entire decapod dataset and 40 species of crayfish (Infraorder Astacidea) found that the evolutionary rates for different classes of genes varied widely. The highlight being a very high level of congruence found between trees from the six nuclear genes and those derived from the mitogenome sequences for freshwater crayfish. These findings indicate that nuclear genes recovered from the same genome skimming datasets designed to obtain mitogenomes can be used to support more robust and comprehensive phylogenetic analyses. Further, a search for additional intron-less nuclear genes identified several high copy number genes across the decapod dataset and recovery of NaK, PEPCK and GAPDH gene fragments is possible at slightly elevated coverage, suggesting the potential and utility of GS in recovering even more nuclear genetic information for phylogenetic studies from these inexpensive and increasingly abundant datasets.
AIDS: Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Authors: Jerry D. Smilack
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In contrast to the somber mood of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) professionals just over a year ago (see my review of<i>The AIDS Knowledge Base</i>[Little, Brown &amp; Co] in<i>JAMA</i>, November 15, 1995<sup>1</sup>), excitement and optimism are the applicable descriptors in 1997. New antiretroviral drugs constitute a tremendous advance over the zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), and zalcitabine (ddC) triad of a few years ago. Long-term control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is no longer a speculative hope, but a reality. The word "cure"—almost unimaginable in this context—is now creeping into conversations at national AIDS meetings. Paralleling advances in AIDS treatment has been an explosion in knowledge of many aspects of HIV infection. We now know about the intense replicative activity of HIV in the human body, the turnover of infected CD4<sup>+</sup>lymphocytes, new manifestations of human infection with many opportunistic pathogens, and innovative approaches to preventing some
Reliability and Cost of Diabetic Diets
Authors: R. Tunbridge, J. H. Wetherill
Journal: BMJ (1970)

In 1968 the actual food intake of 63 diabetic patients was recorded for a period of one week. The food consumption of 19 was found to be within 10% of that which had been prescribed for them at the diabetic clinic, but the food actually eaten by many of the other patients differed appreciably from the prescribed diet. Dietary control was more reliable in the younger patients and in those who required insulin. In many patients the food intake varied widely from day to day.There was no obvious relation between the reliability of dietary control during this survey and the standard of diabetic control as recorded in the diabetic clinic. The findings of this survey were compared, where possible, with the results of a previous and similar survey conducted in 1948. In both surveys it was confirmed that the cost of the diet per week for diabetics was above that for the general population.
The Circulating Metabolic Regulator FGF21 Is Induced by Prolonged Fasting and PPARα Activation in Man
Authors: Cecilia Gälman, Tomas Lundåsen, Alexei Kharitonenkov, Holly A. Bina, Mats Eriksson, Ingiäld Hafström, Maria Dahlin, Per Åmark, Bo Angelin, Mats Rudling
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2008)
1080 LOW RATES OF SVR TO PEGINTERFERON PLUS RIBAVIRIN IN HCV GENOTYPE 1 IL28B RS12979860 CC CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITHOUT RAPID VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE
Authors: E. Degasperi, A. Aghemo, E. Galmozzi, L. Valenti, M.G. Rumi, R. De Francesco, S. De Nicola, R. Soffredini, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Death certification in cancer of the breast.
Authors: D Brinkley, J L Haybittle, M R Alderson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The cause of death entered on the death certificates of 193 patients originally diagnosed as having cancer of the breast was compared with information obtained from clinical records, cancer registry records, and necropsy findings to determine the accuracy of death certification and the proportion of patients who, though dying from another cause, still had overt signs of cancer of the breast. It was found that the overall error in certifying cause of death as breast cancer was small, being an underestimate of about 4%. About a third of patients with breast cancer dying from other causes had overt signs of breast cancer at the time of death.
Audit-based education: a potentially effective program for improving guideline achievement in CKD patients
Authors: Moniek C.M. de Goeij, Joris I. Rotmans
Journal: Kidney International (2013)

The achievement of treatment guidelines in patients with chronic kidney disease is poor, and more efforts are needed to improve this. Audit-based education is a program that may contribute to this improvement. de Lusignana et al. investigated whether audit-based education is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure in a primary-care setting. Although the program is inventive and promising, several adjustments are needed before it can be applied as an effective strategy.
Book Review Fungal Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient (Infectious Disease and Therapy. Vol. 34.). Edited by John R. Wingard and Elias J. Anaissie. 675 pp., illustrated. Boca Raton, Fla., Taylor &amp; Francis, 2005. $199.95. 0-8247-5428-X
Authors: John R. Perfect
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)
Contrasted Outcomes to Gefitinib on Tumoral IGF1R Expression in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Receiving Postoperative Chemoradiation (GORTEC Trial 2004-02)
Authors: Juliette Thariat, René-Jean Bensadoun, Marie-Christine Etienne-Grimaldi, Dominique Grall, Frédérique Penault-Llorca, Olivier Dassonville, Francois Bertucci, Anne Cayre, Dominique De Raucourt, Lionnel Geoffrois, Pascal Finetti, Philippe Giraud, Séverine Racadot, Sylvain Morinière, Anne Sudaka, Ellen Van Obberghen-Schilling, Gérard Milano
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Intermediate/high-risk operated patients with head and neck cancer may benefit from the addition of EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibitor gefitinib to chemoradiation. This study was designed to assess improved outcomes and identify predictive biomarkers.Patients provided informed consent for tumor biomarker analyses and, when eligible, were further enrolled in the therapeutic CARISSA multicenter randomized phase II trial of postoperative irradiation with cisplatin + gefitinib (GORTEC 2004-02-NCT00169221).Seventy-nine patients were included in the biomarker study, whereas 27 did not meet prerequisites for randomization between gefitinib and placebo. Two-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 65.0% and did not differ between randomized patients treated with gefitinib or placebo (P = 0.85). The similarity of DFS curves between nonrandomized patients (n = 27), randomized patients without gefitinib (n = 27), and randomized patients receiving gefitinib (n = 25), and similar histoclinical parameter distributions for all groups, allowed us to conduct statistical analyses on the entire population. On multivariate analysis, elevated expression of PAK1 by Western blotting, CD31 and membranous insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) both by immunohistochemistry was significantly associated with shorter DFS. There was a significant interaction between IGF1R and gefitinib. Gefitinib abolished the prognostic discriminative power of high IGF1R expression; patients with elevated IGF1R expression benefited from gefitinib whereas those with low IGF1R fared worse.Gefitinib treatment affords no significant clinical benefit on DFS in an unselected population of patients with head and neck cancer. Our results point to the potential advantage of personalizing treatment for gefitinib based on tumoral IGF1R expression. This should foster confirmatory analyses in trials involving EGFR-targeting agents.
Poet's Corner
Authors: Jean Roberts
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ineffective Epoprostenol Therapy for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: James E. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THROMBOTIC thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an often fatal condition of unknown pathogenesis and uncertain therapy. We report herein the treatment of a patient with TTP with epoprostenol (prostacyclin) after her failure to respond to standard therapeutic modalities. Epoprostenol has been previously reported to be beneficial in this condition.<sup>1</sup>To our knowledge, this is the fourth patient to receive epoprostenol for TTP. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A previously healthy 20-year-old woman was seen after a one-week history of fever, chills, nausea, and malaise. Her social history included occasional marijuana use and moderate alcohol intake, but no other use of medications or intravenous (IV) drug abuse. She stated that she had been bitten by a spider one week before admission. On examination, she was pale and diaphoretic; BP was 128/80 mm Hg; pulse rate, 134 beats per minute; respirations, 20/min; and rectal temperature, 38.9 °C. A fine, diffuse petechial rash, sparing
An Uncertain Future for Cardiovascular Drug Development?
Authors: Alan M Garber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

The past year has been a challenging one for Pfizer, the world's largest pharmaceutical company. Its stock price has fallen as it has struggled to boost research productivity, going so far as to cut research jobs along with sales positions and spending $68 billion to purchase Wyeth in a bid to strengthen its product portfolio. Its troubles are not recent, and when it announced last September that it was getting out of the business of developing new drugs to prevent or treat cardiovascular disease,1 the news did not come as a complete surprise. The market for cardiovascular drugs was crowded, . . .
The Common Anemias
Authors: Ernest Beutler
Journal: JAMA (1988)

LIKE fever, anemia is a sign of disease. It has many causes, most of them quite rare. In this article, advances in our understanding of only three of the most common forms of anemia will be discussed. These are thalassemia, iron deficiency, and, for want of a better name, "the anemia of chronic disease." I do not wish to slight either the importance or the interesting nature of advances in the understanding of other anemias. However, such disorders as sickle cell anemia; the hemolytic anemias caused by membrane defects of red blood cells, enzyme deficiencies, or antibodies; the megaloblastic anemias; the myelodysplastic anemias; and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria will not be discussed here. The collective frequency with which these disorders occur does not approach that of thalassemia, iron deficiency, and the anemia of chronic disease (Fig 1). <h3>THE THALASSEMIAS</h3> The inclusion of thalassemia among the most common of the anemias may