tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Beneficial effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with stable effort angina pectoris.
Authors: C P Lai, K Egashira, H Tashiro, H Narabayashi, S Koyanagi, T Imaizumi, A Takeshita
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND It has been shown that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), an endogenous vasodilator, dilates coronary arteries and decreases coronary vascular resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an intravenous administration of ANP attenuated exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in 14 patients with stable effort angina pectoris. METHODS AND RESULTS The first 12 patients (patients 1-12) who had exercise-induced ST segment depression underwent treadmill exercise testing and the last seven patients (patients 8-14) underwent the exercise 201Tl-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) study while synthetic 28-amino acid alpha-human ANP (0.1 micrograms/kg per minute) or saline was intravenously infused in a double-blind, cross-over manner. The duration of exercise testing was the same during ANP and saline infusion, which was determined in preliminary exercise testings in each patient to cause a transient perfusion defect and/or ischemic ST segment depression. During saline infusion, all 12 patients developed exercise-induced ischemic ST segment depression, whereas no significant ST segment depression appeared during ANP infusion. Average ST segment depression during ANP infusion was significantly less (p &lt; 0.01) than that during saline infusion (0.0 +/- 0.0 versus 0.2 +/- 0.1 mV, mean +/- SD). The averaged extent and severity scores assessed by 201Tl-SPECT were smaller (p &lt; 0.05) during ANP infusion than during saline infusion (extent score: 0.22 +/- 0.20 versus 0.42 +/- 0.20; severity score: 18.77 +/- 23.45 versus 38.24 +/- 24.04, respectively). ANP decreased resting systolic blood pressure from 125 +/- 15 to 110 +/- 15 mm Hg (p &lt; 0.01) but did not alter resting heart rate. At peak exercise, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the rate-pressure products did not differ during ANP and saline infusion. At peak exercise, plasma ANP increased from 98 +/- 45 to 4,383 +/- 2,782 pg/ml and cGMP increased from 3.6 +/- 1.7 to 34.5 +/- 16.1 pmol/ml during ANP infusion; values were significantly higher than those during saline infusion (from 96 +/- 42 to 133 +/- 66 pg/ml and from 3.4 +/- 1.8 to 4.6 +/- 1.8 pmol/ml, respectively). CONCLUSIONS An intravenous administration of ANP attenuated exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with stable effort angina pectoris. Although the mechanism by which ANP attenuated myocardial ischemia was not defined, increased myocardial perfusion to the ischemic region might be an important factor.
A novel Escherichia coli lipid A mutant that produces an antiinflammatory lipopolysaccharide.
Authors: J E Somerville, L Cassiano, B Bainbridge, M D Cunningham, R P Darveau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

A unique screen was used to identify mutations in Escherichia coli lipid A biosynthesis that result in a decreased ability to stimulate E-selectin expression by human endothelial cells. A mutation was identified in the msbB gene of E. coli that resulted in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that lacks the myristoyl fatty acid moiety of the lipid A. Unlike all previously reported lipid A mutants, the msbB mutant was not conditionally lethal for growth. Viable cells or purified LPS from an msbB mutant had a 1000-10,000-fold reduction in the ability to stimulate E-selectin production by human endothelial cells and TNF alpha production by adherent monocytes. The cloned msbB gene was able to functionally complement the msbB mutant, restoring both the LPS to its native composition and the ability of the strain to stimulate immune cells. Nonmyristoylated LPS acted as an antagonist for E-selectin expression when mixed with LPS obtained from the parental strain. These studies demonstrate a significant role for the myristate component of LPS in immune cell activation and antagonism. In addition, the msbB mutant allowed us to directly examine the crucial role that the lipid A structure plays when viable bacteria are presented to host defense cells.
Evidence for Recent Positive Selection at the Human AIM1 Locus in a European Population
Authors: Mikiko Soejima, Hidenori Tachida, Takafumi Ishida, Akinori Sano, Yoshiro Koda
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Two missense polymorphisms (E272K and L374F) of the AIM1 locus, encoding a melanocyte differentiation antigen, were shown to have a clear association with human ethnicities. These two nonpathogenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may be associated with human pigmentation variation. In this study, we investigated sequence variation in the coding region and exon-flanking sequence and found low genetic variation only in subjects of European descent. All four statistical tests applied to the 7.55-kb region surrounding the L374F polymorphism detected statistically significant deviations from selective neutrality in Europeans. In addition, haplotype analysis revealed that one haplotype carrying 374F was overrepresented in this population, and the low rate of variation, with some features of selective sweeps, was shown to be statistically significant. These results suggest that positive selection recently has been acting or has acted on at least this region of the melanogenic gene and that an advantageous haplotype spread rapidly in Europe.
Cardiac hypertrophy in mice expressing unphosphorylatable phospholemman
Authors: Andrii Boguslavskyi, Davor Pavlovic, Karen Aughton, James E. Clark, Jacqueline Howie, William Fuller, Michael J. Shattock
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

AimsElevation of intracellular Na in the failing myocardium contributes to contractile dysfunction, the negative force–frequency relationship, and arrhythmias. Although phospholemman (PLM) is recognized to form the link between signalling pathways and Na/K pump activity, the possibility that defects in its regulation contribute to elevation of intracellular Na has not been investigated. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the prevention of PLM phosphorylation in a PLM3SA knock-in mouse (in which PLM has been rendered unphosphorylatable) will exacerbate cardiac hypertrophy and cellular Na overload. Testing this hypothesis should determine whether changes in PLM phosphorylation are simply bystander effects or are causally involved in disease progression.
Treatment-influenced associations of PML-RARα mutations, FLT3 mutations, and additional chromosome abnormalities in relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Robert E. Gallagher, Barry K. Moser, Janis Racevskis, Xavier Poiré, Clara D. Bloomfield, Andrew J. Carroll, Rhett P. Ketterling, Diane Roulston, Esther Schachter-Tokarz, Da-cheng Zhou, I-Ming L. Chen, Richard Harvey, Greg Koval, Dorie A. Sher, James H. Feusner, Martin S. Tallman, Richard A. Larson, Bayard L. Powell, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Elisabeth Paietta, Cheryl L. Willman, Wendy Stock
Journal: Blood (2012)
The Value of Radiology in Ante-partum Haemorrhage
Authors: J. Dawson, P. R. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1954)

DICJURNA 1085 produced, was thought at first to be due to infective hepatitis.The correct diagnosis became apparent when, on the eighth day after birth, it was learnt that the mother, an Englishwoman, had come home during her pregnancy from Lagos, Nigeria.It is considered that aureomycin, given before the case was correctly diagnosed, kept the infant alive until more active antimalarial treatment could be adopted.Mepacrine was given only a short trial, to be followed by pyrimethamine, which proved successful and non- toxic in the dose given.It is possible, but unproved, that 50 days later there was a malarial relapse.The antimalarial actions of aureomycin and pyrimethamine as curative agents are briefly discussed.My thanks are due to Dr.
ARE AT RISK LOWER EXTREMITY PAD OUTPATIENTS BEING TREATED WITH ASPIRIN, ACE INHIBITOR, AND STATIN THERAPY AS RECOMMENDED BY ACC/AHA GUIDELINES?
Authors: Rajesh M. Kabadi, Ankitkumar Patel, Rita Schmidt, Rajani Sharma, Manish Dadhania, Elias Iliadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Critically III Cancer Patients: Benefit and Expense
Authors: Richard C. Ostenson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent article by Schapira et al<sup>1</sup>reinforces the need to evaluate carefully the benefit of intensive care interventions in cancer patients. Unfortunately, this article, as subsequently presented in the media, tended to promote a view of cancer patients as poorer risks and thus bad investments for intensive medical care. However, the quoted mortality figures of 40% for patients with solid tumors and 50% for those with hematologic malignancies are similar to typical mortality rates for other intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, eg, septic shock (57%), gastrointestinal bleeding (37%), pneumonia with respiratory failure (40%), and acute renal failure requiring dialysis (57%).<sup>2,3</sup> The study also pointed to poor postdischarge survival; this is also common in patients with other chronic conditions who are discharged from the ICU. The same adverse cost benefit seen in this study would seem likely in all ICU patients. It would therefore have
Neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin mediates 13-cis retinoic acid–induced apoptosis of human sebaceous gland cells
Authors: Amanda M. Nelson, Wei Zhao, Kathryn L. Gilliland, Andrea L. Zaenglein, Wenlei Liu, Diane M. Thiboutot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA; also known as isotretinoin) is the most potent agent available for treatment of acne. It is known that the drug induces apoptosis in cells cultured from human sebaceous glands, but its mechanism of action has not been determined. In this study, skin biopsies were taken from 7 patients with acne prior to and at 1 week of treatment with 13-cis RA. TUNEL staining confirmed that 13-cis RA induced apoptosis in sebaceous glands. Transcriptional profiling of patient skin and cultured human sebaceous gland cells (SEB-1 sebocytes) indicated that lipocalin 2 was among the genes most highly upregulated by 13-cis RA. Lipocalin 2 encodes neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), which functions in innate immune defense and induces apoptosis of murine B lymphocytes. Increased immunolocalization of NGAL was noted in patients' sebaceous glands following treatment with 13-cis RA, and recombinant NGAL induced apoptosis in SEB-1 sebocytes. Furthermore, apoptosis in response to 13-cis RA was inhibited in the presence of siRNA to lipocalin 2. These data indicate that NGAL mediates the apoptotic effect of 13-cis RA and suggest that agents that selectively induce NGAL expression in sebaceous glands might represent therapeutic alternatives to the use of 13-cis RA to treat individuals with acne.
The Mexican hairless dog as a model for assessing the comedolytic and morphogenic activity of retinoids
Authors: R. M. SCHWARTZMAN, A. M. KLIGMAN, D. D. DUCLOS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

The skin of the Mexican hairless dog is covered with comedones, and this animal therefore provides a potentially useful model to assess the comedolytic activity of topical anti-acne drugs. We treated an animal with three different formulations of tretinoin for a 14-week period, and all produced a similar clinical response. There was a striking reduction in the number of comedones, and the skin became lighter and more uniform in colour. Histological changes were similar to those reported in humans treated with tretinoin, but a novel finding was incomplete neogenesis of hair follicles. We suggest that the Mexican hairless dog may be a useful model for screening novel molecules for retinoid activity.
An Introduction to Objective Psychopathology.
Authors: Gilbert Van Tassel Hamilton
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hearing Loss in Workers Exposed to Toluene and Noise
Authors: Shu-Ju Chang, Chiou-Jong Chen, Chih-Hui Lien, Fung-Chang Sung
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

In this study we investigated the risk of hearing loss among workers exposed to both toluene and noise. We recruited 58 workers at an adhesive materials manufacturing plant who were exposured to both toluene and noise [78.6-87.1 A-weighted decibels; dB(A)], 58 workers exposed to noise only [83.5-90.1 dB(A)], and 58 administrative clerks [67.9-72.6 dB(A)] at the same company. We interviewed participants to obtain sociodemographic and employment information and performed physical examinations, including pure-tone audiometry tests between 0.5 and 6 kHz. A contracted laboratory certified by the Council of Labor in Taiwan conducted on-site toluene and noise exposure measurements. The prevalence of hearing loss of >or=25 dB in the toluene plus noise group (86.2%) was much greater than that in the noise-only group (44.8%) and the administrative clerks (5.0%) (p<0.001). The prevalence rates were 67.2, 32.8, and 8.3% (p<0.001), respectively, when 0.5 kHz was excluded from the estimation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the toluene plus noise group had an estimated risk for hearing loss>or=25 dB, 10.9 times higher than that of the noise-only group. The risk ratio dropped to 5.8 when 0.5 kHz was excluded from the risk estimation. Hearing impairment was greater for the pure-tone frequency of 1 kHz than for that of 2 kHz. However, the mean hearing threshold was the poorest for 6 kHz, and the least effect was observed for 2 kHz. Our results suggest that toluene exacerbates hearing loss in a noisy environment, with the main impact on the lower frequencies.
Pharmacologically Guided Phase I Clinical Trials Based Upon Preclinical Drug Development
Authors: J. M. Collins, C. K. Grieshaber, B. A. Chabner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Pharmacologically Guided Phase I Clinical Trials Based Upon Preclinical Drug Development Get access Jerry M. Collins, Jerry M. Collins * Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug AdministrationRockville, Md *Correspondence to : Jerry M. Collins, Ph.D., Food and Drug Administration, Parklawn Bldg., Rm. 13B21, Rockville, MD 20857. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles K. Grieshaber, Charles K. Grieshaber Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bruce A. Chabner Bruce A. Chabner Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, Md Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 16, 15 August 1990, Pages 1321–1326, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.16.1321 Published: 15 August 1990 Article history Received: 07 March 1990 Revision received: 21 June 1990 Accepted: 28 June 1990 Published: 15 August 1990
Differential use of Fas ligand and perforin cytotoxic pathways by donor T cells in graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia effect
Authors: Cornelius Schmaltz, Onder Alpdogan, Kirsten J. Horndasch, Stephanie J. Muriglan, Barry J. Kappel, Takanori Teshima, James L. M. Ferrara, Steven J. Burakoff, Marcel R. M. van den Brink
Journal: Blood (2001)
Improved Noninvasive Assessment of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts With 64-Slice Computed Tomographic Angiography in an Unselected Patient Population
Authors: Tanja S. Meyer, Stefan Martinoff, Martin Hadamitzky, Albrecht Will, Adnan Kastrati, Albert Schömig, Jörg Hausleiter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Meltec Multipoint Haemodialyser
Authors: B. von Hartitzsch, N. A. Hoenich
Journal: BMJ (1972)

The 0.61 m(2) Meltec Multipoint dialyser has a performance 25% better than the standard Kiil at clinically important blood flows despite its smaller surface area. With low priming and uptake volumes, adequate ultrafiltration, and a negligible residual blood volume, it is compact and can be assembled by one person. It should replace the Kiil as the standard against which new dialysers are measured.
Autoimmunity in a Genetic Disease — A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Melissa J. Moore, Terence R. Flotte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The development of gene therapy that is based on recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has had a checkered history. Recently, it has been marked by a number of clinical successes, including partial restoration of retinal function in patients with Leber's congenital amaurosis1,2 and of neurologic function in patients with Parkinson's disease.3 Neurons and photoreceptors may present ideal targets for rAAV vectors, since episomal persistence is enhanced in nondividing cells, and these cells reside in sites of relative immune privilege. In contrast, clinical rAAV-based gene transfer to the liver has been limited by adaptive immune responses to the AAV capsid proteins . . .
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF TRACHOMA.
Authors: JOHN E. WEEKS
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The scope of the present paper will not admit of a review of all of the operative procedures that have been and are now employed in the treatment of trachoma, even if it were desirable. I shall, therefore, mention but few and, as I believe that a discussion of methods employed by the individual speakers here is more suitable and will be more profitable to those present, I shall conclude by describing the method that I find most generally useful. Viger (<i>Annal. d'Oculistique</i>, 1892, p. 175) scarifies horizontally and transversely and brushes in a solution of sublimate, 1 to 500. He then applies compresses dipped in a hot solution of sublimate, 1 to 5,000. The after-treatment is by daily applications of sublimate solution, 1 to 500. Armaignac (<i>Annal. d'Oculistique</i>, Vol. cx, p. 121) employs a method which he terms "Tattouage médicamenteux." With a bunch of tattooing-needles the whole affected portion
Antitumor activity of recombinant interleukin 6 in mice.
Authors: J J Mulé, J K McIntosh, D M Jablons, S A Rosenberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

IL-6 possesses multiple biologic activities that affect a broad range of cells including those directly involved in immune responses as well as cells important in the systemic response to infection or trauma. We now show that purified human rIL-6, when administered alone at relatively high doses that are comparable to therapeutic levels of IL-2, mediated substantial reductions in the number of pulmonary and hepatic micrometastases from four distinct syngeneic tumors. Unlike IL-2, IL-6 injections resulted in neither observable toxicity nor death of the treated mice at the dose regimens used. Host immunosuppression by sublethal total-body irradiation before the initiation of therapy prevented the IL-6 antitumor effect, thus suggesting that IL-6 acted through a radiosensitive host component rather than directly on the tumor itself. Moreover, the systemic administration of relatively low doses of IL-6 in combination with subtherapeutic doses of TNF to mice bearing an established weakly immunogenic, syngeneic tumor at a subcutaneous site resulted in marked tumor regression and cure rates. These studies represent the first demonstration of tumor regression mediated by recombinant IL-6 in vivo.
Massive Pericardial Effusion Due to Meningococcic Pericarditis
Authors: William M. Lukash
Journal: JAMA (1963)

MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE is primarily an invasion of the blood stream by the organism. Secondary localization occurs in such susceptible parts of the body as the meninges, followed in frequency by the lungs, the joints, the eye, the serous membranes, the testicle, and the heart. Because the cardiac complications of meningococcic disease have rarely been reported, a case of massive pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade and associated myocarditis, which was treated with pericardial aspiration and corticosteroids, is presented. To my knowledge this is the first report of such a case treated successfully with corticosteroids. The meningococcus can involve all layers of the heart. It may produce an endocarditis occasionally associated with myocarditis. Gore<sup>1</sup>described myocarditis in 111 of 256 cases of meningococcemia observed at postmortem examination. The myocarditis was characterized by microscopic foci of interstitial and perivascular cellular infiltrations, with occasional microscopic or macroscopic abscesses and destruction of muscle fibers.
Ewing Sarcoma of the Rib With Normal Blood Flow and Blood Pool Imagings on a 3-Phase Bone Scan
Authors: Mahmoud A. Alfeeli, Sleiman Y. Naddaf, Ghulam M. S. Syed
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Ewing sarcoma is the second most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. It usually presents as a hot spot on a 3-phase bone scan as a result of increased vascularity of the tumor and new bone formation. However, aggressive Ewing sarcoma can also appear as a cold lesion. We present the features of a Ewing sarcoma of the rib on a 3-phase bone scan in a child who was being investigated for rib fracture after trauma.