tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2090: Novel role of STAT-3 in anoikis resistance and metastasis in melanoma cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Neel Manoj Fofaria, Sanjay K. Srivastava
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Anoikis is an anchorage-independent cell death. Resistance to anoikis is one of the key features of metastatic cells. The role of STAT-3 in anoikis resistance in various melanoma cells was analyzed in the current study. Significant proportion of SK-MEL-28, SK-MEL-2, MeWo, SK-MEL-5 and B16-F0 cells resisted anoikis when grown under anchorage-independent conditions. Cells that resisted anoikis were observed to a have higher rate of migration and invasion as compared to the cells grown under anchorage dependent conditions. The anoikis resistant cells also exhibited significantly higher expression and phosphorylation of STAT-3 at Tyr 705 than the cells that were attached to the basement membrane. Treatment of these cells with IL-6, a cytokine which phosphorylates STAT-3, prevented the induction of anoikis. STAT-3 inhibitors AG490 and PL induced anoikis in a concentration-dependent manner in anoikis resistant cells, whereas IL-6 blocked anoikis. Over-expression of STAT-3 by transfection in SK-MEL-28 and SK-MEL-2 cells significantly increased the anoikis resistance, confirming the role of STAT-3 in anoikis resistance. On the other hand, silencing STAT-3 in SK-MEL-28, SK-MEL-2, SK-MEL-5 and MeWo cells decreased the potential of cancer cells to resist anoikis. Furthermore, STAT-3 (-/-) melanoma cells were more sensitive to anoikis, as compared to cells overexpressing STAT-3 (+/+) cells. STAT-3 (-/-) SK-MEL-28 cells and the SK-MEL-28 cells that were treated with PL completely failed to develop tumors when injected subcutaneously in immune-compromised mice. Moreover, these cells also failed to metastasize when injected intravenously. On the other hand, anoikis resistant wild type cells not only formed aggressive tumors subcutaneously but also highly metastasized when injected intravenously. The metastasis was confirmed by H &amp; E staining. In summary, our results establish STAT-3 as a critical player that renders anoikis resistance to pancreatic cancer cells and enhance their metastasis potential. [Supported in part by R01 grant CA129038 (to S.K.S) awarded by the National Cancer Institute]. Citation Format: Neel Manoj Fofaria, Sanjay K. Srivastava. Novel role of STAT-3 in anoikis resistance and metastasis in melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2090. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2090
Randomized Trial of a Distal Embolic Protection Device During Percutaneous Intervention of Saphenous Vein Aorto-Coronary Bypass Grafts
Authors: Donald S. Baim, Dennis Wahr, Barry George, Martin B. Leon, Joel Greenberg, Donald E. Cutlip, Unsal Kaya, Jeffrey J. Popma, Kalon K.L. Ho, Richard E. Kuntz
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Stents provide effective treatment for stenotic saphenous venous aorto-coronary bypass grafts, but their placement carries a 20% incidence of procedure-related complications, which potentially are related to the distal embolization of atherosclerotic debris. We report the first multicenter randomized trial to evaluate use of a distal embolic protection device during stenting of such lesions. Methods and Results — Of 801 eligible patients, 406 were randomly assigned to stent placement over the shaft of the distal protection device, and 395 were assigned to stent placement over a conventional 0.014-inch angioplasty guidewire (control group). The primary end point—a composite of death, myocardial infarction, emergency bypass, or target lesion revascularization by 30 days—was observed in 65 patients (16.5%) assigned to the control group and 39 patients (9.6%) assigned to the embolic protection device ( P =0.004). This 42% relative reduction in major adverse cardiac events was driven by myocardial infarction (8.6% versus 14.7%, P =0.008) and “no-reflow” phenomenon (3% versus 9%, P =0.02). Clinical benefit was seen even when platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockers were administered (61% of patients), with composite end points occurring in 10.7% of protection device patients versus 19.4% of control patients ( P =0.008). Conclusions — Use of this distal protection device during stenting of stenotic venous grafts was associated with a highly significant reduction in major adverse events compared with stenting over a conventional angioplasty guidewire. This demonstrates the importance of distal embolization in causing major adverse cardiac events and the value of embolic protection devices in preventing such complications.
Changes in DNA Copy Numbers of Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1 After Termination of Retinoic Acid Treatment
Authors: G. Li, S. S. Tsang, H. F. Stich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

The number of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV) DNA copies [plasmid pdBPV-1 (142-6)] was examined in transformed C127 cells of an RIII mouse during exposure to all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) and after its withdrawal. RA treatment of a transformed cell line reduced the number from approximately 60 copies to an average of less than one copy per cell within 5 weeks. The composition of the RA-treated cell population was heterogeneous with respect to BPV DNA copies: 89.7% of the cells had no detectable copies, 8.6% had one copy, 1.7% had fewer than five copies, and one in 13,000 cells carried more than 10 copies. The low number of BPV DNA copies in the RA-treated cell population did not increase when the cells were subcultured before reaching confluence. RA-treated cell populations that contained less than one BPV DNA copy lost the transformed phenotype. However, a small fraction of cells (1 in 13,000) with greater than or equal to 10 BPV DNA copies retained the capacity to develop into transformed colonies. The relevance of these results to the regression of papillomavirus, DNA-carrying human lesions after exposure to retinoids and the redevelopment of these lesions after withdrawal of retinoids is discussed.
Effect of sudden rate acceleration on the human His-Purkinje system: adaptation of refractoriness in a dampened oscillatory pattern.
Authors: P J Tchou, M H Lehmann, J Dongas, R Mahmud, S T Denker, M Akhtar
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Although the refractoriness of the human His-Purkinje system (HPS) during constant-cycle length pacing appears to be closely related to the cycle length of the stimulation, the mode of adaptation of this refractoriness with sudden rate acceleration is not well understood. A systematic evaluation of this adaptation was performed in 14 patients with normal QRS durations and HV intervals referred for electrophysiologic evaluation. The relative refractory period of the HPS (HPS-RRP) was evaluated by the extrastimulus (S2) method during a constant ventricular drive (S1) having a cycle length as close to sinus rhythm as possible. An accelerated train of 6 ventricular beats (S1') was then added to the constant drive and the HPS-RRP of each successive beat of this train was similarly determined. Mean S1 cycle length was 750 +/- 164 msec (range 600 to 1000). Mean S1' cycle length was 475 +/- 55 msec (range 400 to 600). The HPS-RRP of each successive beat of the accelerated train was significantly shorter than that during the S1 drive and behaved in a dampened oscillatory fashion alternating from a lower value on the odd-numbered beats to a higher value on the even-numbered beats. In contrast, the effective and relative refractory periods of the ventricular myocardium during the accelerated train behaved in a cumulative manner, decreasing progressively with the first 2 beats of the train before reaching a plateau value. In conclusion, the data reported here present a new and intriguing picture of the mode of adaptation of the HPS refractoriness to sudden rate acceleration. At least in the range of the cycle lengths used in this study, the refractoriness of the HPS behaves in a dampened oscillatory manner that is radically different from the behavior of the ventricular myocardial refractoriness.
The Use of Sodium Ricinoleate in Bacterial Hypersensitiveness of the Intestinal Tract: Clinical Results
Authors: ROGER S. MORRIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 October 1930The Use of Sodium Ricinoleate in Bacterial Hypersensitiveness of the Intestinal Tract: Clinical ResultsROGER S. MORRIS, M.D., STANLEY E. DORST, M.D.ROGER S. MORRIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STANLEY E. DORST, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-4-396 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn previous comunications,1,2 we have shown that sodium ricinoleate is capable of rendering bacterial antigens non-toxic. As evidence of this, we may cite the fact that an antigen which, when injected intradermally, produces a marked local reaction, is no longer capable of producing such reaction after treatment with ricinoleate. Larson3 was the first to demonstrate this detoxifying action while working with the pneumococcus.Among our private patients, we had encountered a large group, ranging from cases of chronic constipation to mucous colitis, in whom treatment had proved very unsatisfactory. Wherry4had shown that the intestinal tract may contain organisms to...Bibliography1 MORRISDORST RSSE: Am. Jr. Med. Sciences, November, 1929, No. 5, vol. clxxvii, p. 631. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2 DORSTMORRIS SERS: In press. Google Scholar3 LARSONEDEN WPH: Jr. A.M. A., 1926, 86, p. 1000. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4 WHERRY WB: Jr. of Infec. Diseases, vol. 41, No. 3, September, 1927. Google Scholar5 KLINE LB: U.S.V.B. Bulletin, vol. 6, No. 4, April, 1930, p. 295. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROGER S. MORRIS, M.D.; STANLEY E. DORST, M.D.Affiliations: Cincinnati, Ohio*These capsules, made by the William S. Merrell Company, and designated "Soricin", may be had in five-grain and three-grain sizes, the latter being used chiefly with children. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1930Volume 4, Issue 4Page: 396-397KeywordsAntigensChildrenConstipationIrritable bowel syndromePneumococcusSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
The relationship between the ingestion of hot coffee and intraoesophageal temperature
Authors: U. W. De Jong, N. E. Day, P. L. Mounier-Kuhn, J. P. Haguenauer
Journal: Gut (1972)

Temperatures at the lower end of the oesophagus were taken during the ingestion of hot coffee at varying temperatures and varying volume, by using a modified duodenal tube. TEMPERATURES HIGHER THAN EXPECTED WERE FOUND: of 209 measurements on 17 patients and one volunteer, standardized for size of sip and temperature of coffee, 43% were 44 degrees C or higher (up to 53 degrees C). Statistical analysis showed a linear relationship between the intraoesophageal and the initial coffee temperatures.Volume has a larger effect than the temperature at which the coffee is taken.The average increase in intraoesophageal temperatures at the point of measurement was 0.381 degrees C per ml coffee ingested. Some implications of the findings are discussed from the epidemiological point of view.
Long-Term End Results of Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Sidney J. Cutler
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The 20-year survival rate, adjusted for normal mortality expectation, is a meaningful measure of the proportion of successfully treated patients. Twenty-year rates for patients treated recently can be projected by comparing survival curves for successive calendar periods. Available data permit projections for patients with cancers of the colon, rectum, bladder, and female reproductive system. The estimated proportion of successfully treated patients is encouragingly high for those with resectable tumors and no evidence of spread beyond the site of origin: 85% for uterus, 75% for ovary, and 60% for colon, rectum, breast, and bladder.
Lung Cancer Incidence Among Patients With Beryllium Disease: A Cohort Mortality Study
Authors: K. Steenland, E. Ward
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Lung Cancer Incidence Among Patients With Beryllium Disease: A Cohort Mortality Study Get access Kyle Steenland, Kyle Steenland * National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCincinnati, Ohio * Correspondence to: Kyle Steenland, Ph.D., Mailstop R13, NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy., Cincinnati, OH 45226 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elizabeth Ward Elizabeth Ward National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCincinnati, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 19, 2 October 1991, Pages 1380–1385, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.19.1380 Published: 02 October 1991 Article history Received: 19 March 1991 Revision received: 28 June 1991 Accepted: 08 July 1991 Published: 02 October 1991
Post-infectious encephalitis in adults: Diagnosis and management
Authors: R. Sonneville, I. Klein, T. de Broucker, M. Wolff
Journal: Journal of Infection (2009)

Many important central nervous system (CNS) syndromes can develop following microbial infections. The most severe forms of post-infectious encephalitis include acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis and Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis. ADEM is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the CNS. It typically follows a minor infection with a 2–30 days latency period and is thought to be immune-mediated. It is clinically characterized by the acute onset of focal neurological signs and encephalopathy. Patients can require intensive care unit admission because of coma, seizures or tetraplegia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis usually shows lymphocytic pleocytosis but, unlike viral or bacterial encephalitis, no evidence of direct CNS infection is found. There are no biologic markers of the disease and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging is essential to diagnosis, detecting diffuse or multifocal asymmetrical lesions throughout the white matter on T2- and FLAIR-weighted sequences. High-dose intravenous steroids are accepted as first-line therapy and beneficial effects of plasma exchanges and intravenous immunoglobulins have also been reported. Outcome of ADEM is usually favorable but recurrent or multiphasic forms have been described.
Malaria-specific transgenic CD4+ T cells protect immunodeficient mice from lethal infection and demonstrate requirement for a protective threshold of antibody production for parasite clearance
Authors: Robin Stephens, Frank R. Albano, Stuart Quin, Benjamin J. Pascal, Vicky Harrison, Brigitta Stockinger, Dimitris Kioussis, Hans-Ulrich Weltzien, Jean Langhorne
Journal: Blood (2005)
Maharishi Ayur-Veda
Authors: Ralph S. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.  —I wish to object to your inclusion of the Letter From New Delhi article. 1 The objection is based on the deceptive nature of the presentation of the scientific basis of Vedic medicine and the association with TM, which is described by ex-members, now members of an organization called TM-EX, Philadelphia, Pa, as a cult. The Cult Awareness Network, Chicago, Ill, has also received many complaints about this organization, led by the charismatic Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. According to TM-EX, TM uses deceptive recruiting practices, and the organization's rules and regulations are presented to members as being absolute. A new vocabulary is taught to recruits to explain ordinary phenomena, and the group uses undue influence techniques of mind control, guilt, and phobia induction to maintain membership. Persinger et al 2 in TM and Cult Mania , say: Transcendental Meditation has achieved international recognition through commercial exploitation, poor scientific procedures,
Rheumatoid factor measured by fluoroimmunoassay: a responsive measure of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity that is associated with joint damage
Authors: E Knijff-Dutmer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

To determine whether rheumatoid factors (RFs), measured as continuous variables by time resolved fluoroimmunoassay, reflect disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Further, to study the association of RFs and other disease activity parameters with radiological joint damage, especially in individual patients.In active, early RA, IgM and IgA RFs, as well as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), tender joint score, and swollen joint score were assessed regularly. At the study start and at 56 and 80 weeks, radiographs of hands and feet were assessed by the Sharp score (van der Heijde modification). Associations between RFs and disease activity parameters were studied. In addition, associations between radiographic damage and disease activity parameters (baseline and time integrated) were analysed by non-parametric tests and multiple regression analysis. The relation between time integrated disease activity parameters and radiological damage in individual patients was analysed and visualised.155 patients were included. RF levels were strongly associated with the disease activity parameters (especially ESR and CRP) and with each other. All disease activity parameters, at baseline as well as time integrated parameters, were associated with (the progression of) radiographic damage. Moreover, in individual patients, a linear relationship between time integrated disease activity parameters and progression of radiological damage was seen.RFs, measured as continuous variables, can be considered as disease activity parameters in patients with RA. The level of RF at baseline and the exposure to RF over time is associated with radiological damage. In individual patients, there is a constant relation between disease activity and radiological damage.
Essentiality of circulating fatty acids for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the fasted rat.
Authors: D T Stein, V Esser, B E Stevenson, K E Lane, J H Whiteside, M B Daniels, S Chen, J D McGarry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

We asked whether the well known starvation-induced impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) seen in isolated rat pancreas preparations also applies in vivo. Accordingly, fed and 18-24-h-fasted rats were subjected to an intravenous glucose challenge followed by a hyperglycemic clamp protocol, during which the plasma-insulin concentration was measured. Surprisingly, the acute (5 min) insulin response was equally robust in the two groups. However, after infusion of the antilipolytic agent, nicotinic acid, to ensure low levels of plasma FFA before the glucose load, GSIS was essentially ablated in fasted rats, but unaffected in fed animals. Maintenance of a high plasma FFA concentration by coadministration of Intralipid plus heparin to nicotinic acid-treated rats (fed or fasted), or further elevation of the endogenous FFA level in nonnicotinic acid-treated fasted animals by infusion of etomoxir (to block hepatic fatty acid oxidation), resulted in supranormal GSIS. The in vivo findings were reproduced in studies with the perfused pancreas from fed and fasted rats in which GSIS was examined in the absence and presence of palmitate. The results establish that in the rat, the high circulating concentration of FFA that accompanies food deprivation is a sine qua non for efficient GSIS when a fast is terminated. They also serve to underscore the powerful interaction between glucose and fatty acids in normal beta cell function and raise the possibility that imbalances between the two fuels in vivo could have pathological consequences.
Use of tobacco products as dentifrice among adolescents in India: questionnaire study
Authors: D N Sinha, P C Gupta, M S Pednekar
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Gastrointestinal symptoms were not prominent, and the excess in girls mirrors that seen in affected adults.The most striking observation was that children with IgA-EMA were shorter by more than 0.76 standard deviation scores and lighter by 0.54 standard deviation scores than antibody negative children matched for date and place of birth.This equates to about 9 months' growth and weight gain in an average child around this age.These features were independent of gastrointestinal symptoms and anaemia and presumably unrelated to malabsorption.Occult coeliac disease seems to start in childhood, even in those who are subsequently diagnosed as adults.The search for the trigger resulting in the breakdown of immune tolerance to gluten therefore needs to focus on infancy and intrauterine life.We thank the children and their families taking part in the study for their continuing support and the midwives for their cooperation and help in recruitment.The ALSPAC study team comprised interviewers, computer technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, and managers who continue to make the study possible.Contributors: PJB, DJU, and AJKW designed the study with members of the ALSPAC study team.AJKW, RJL, and AJN developed and completed all antibody assays.RWJ coordinated the collection of biological samples and supervised handling of the samples.PJB analysed and interpreted the data with help from ARN.
Status report on prostate cancer in African Americans: a national blueprint for action
Authors: H. J. Eyre, G. E. Feldman
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1998)

"A leadership Conference--Prostate Cancer in the African-AMerican Community: an Agenda for Action" was held November 20 to 22, 1997, in Houston, Texas. The meeting--a collaborative effort of the American Cancer Society, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Cancer Institute--examined the unique challenge that prostate cancer poses to the African-American community. This article presents the National Blueprint for Action developed at this historic conference.
Early Outcome After Off-Pump Versus On-Pump Coronary Bypass Surgery
Authors: Diederik van Dijk, Arno P. Nierich, Erik W.L. Jansen, Hendrik M. Nathoe, Willem J.L. Suyker, Jan C. Diephuis, Wim-Jan van Boven, Cornelius Borst, Erik Buskens, Diederick E. Grobbee, Etienne O. Robles de Medina, Peter P.T. de Jaegere
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background The use of cardiopulmonary bypass during coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) has been associated with substantial morbidity. The recent introduction of cardiac stabilizers facilitates CABG without cardiopulmonary bypass (off-pump CABG), but it is unknown whether cardiac outcome after off-pump surgery is similar to that for the on-pump procedure. Methods and Results In a multicenter trial, 281 patients (mean age 61 years, SD 9 years) were randomly assigned to off-pump or on-pump CABG. In-hospital results and cardiac outcome and quality of life after 1 month are presented. Cardiac outcome was defined as survival free of stroke, myocardial infarction, and coronary reintervention. The mean numbers of distal anastomoses per patient were 2.4 (SD 1.0) and 2.6 (SD 1.1) in the off-pump and on-pump groups, respectively. Completeness of revascularization was similar in both groups. Blood products were needed during 3% of the off-pump procedures and 13% of the on-pump procedures ( P &lt;0.01). Release of creatine kinase muscle-brain isoenzyme was 41% less in the off-pump group ( P &lt;0.01). Otherwise, no differences in complications were found postoperatively. Off-pump patients were discharged 1 day earlier. At 1 month, operative mortality was zero in both groups, and quality of life had improved similarly. In both groups, 4% of the patients had recurrent angina. The proportions of patients surviving free of cardiovascular events were 93.0% in the off-pump group and 94.2% in the on-pump group ( P =0.66). Conclusions In selected patients, off-pump CABG is safe and yields a short-term cardiac outcome comparable to that of on-pump CABG.