tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early Signs of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rocky Flats Beryllium Health Surveillance.
Authors: A W Stange, F J Furman, D E Hilmas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The Rocky Flats Beryllium Health Surveillance Program (BHSP), initiated in June 1991, was designed to provide medical surveillance for current and former employees exposed to beryllium. The BHSP identifies individuals who have developed beryllium sensitivity using the beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT). A detailed medical evaluation to determine the prevalence of chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is offered to individuals identified as beryllium sensitized or to those who have chest X-ray changes suggestive of CBD. The BHSP has identified 27 cases of CBD and another 74 cases of beryllium sensitization out of 4268 individuals tested. The distribution of BeLPT values for normal, sensitized, and CBD-identified individuals is described. Based on the information collected during the first 3 1/3 years of the BHSP, the BeLPT is the most effective means for the early identification of beryllium-sensitized individuals and to identify individuals who may have CBD. The need for BeLPT retesting is demonstrated through the identification of beryllium sensitization in individuals who previously tested normal. Posterior/anterior chest X-rays were not effective in the identification of CBD.
You say estren, I say estrogen. Let’s call the whole replacement off!
Authors: Ushma S. Neill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Estrogens and androgens play a key role in regulating bone mass. However, their clinical use as bone anabolic agents is limited due to unwanted side effects, particularly in reproductive organs. In 2002, the synthetic ligand estren was described to reproduce the bone anabolic, nongenotropic effects of sex steroids while having no effect on the uterus or seminal vesicles. But in the current issue of the JCI, Windahl et al. provide data showing that estrens are not as suitable a replacement for estrogen as was initially reported (see the related article beginning on page 2500). Though not catabolic, estrens triggered only minor, nonsignificant increases in bone mass in gonadectomized mice, all the while inducing hypertrophy of reproductive organs. Does this mean estrens should not be pursued as a therapy for osteoporosis?
ON THE PRESENCE OF CERTAIN BODIES IN THE SKIN AND BLISTER FLUID FROM SCARLET-FEVER AND MEASLES
Authors: Cyrus W. Field
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1905)

In sections of control and normal skin, the nuclei of the epithelial cells were often indented by the cell protoplasm, giving them an appearance similar to those indented by Mallory's bodies. It would seem that if these bodies of Mallory's were protozoa they would have been found in the sections from both the living and the dead skin of scarlet-fever and measles, as they were present in the blister fluid. Their absence is certainly more suggestive of a degeneration than of a protozoon. This view is also borne out by the fact that they were not found immediately after death, but were present in another specimen from the same case removed twenty-four hours later. It would seem probable also that the bodies found in the blister fluid were the products of degeneration and cytolytic activity, because they were found in the antitoxin rashes as well as in the cases of scarlet-fever and measles. The histological changes in the skin of these two diseases leads us to expect the presence of cytolytic products both in the blister fluid and in the sections. It certainly cannot be stated that none of these bodies is a protozoön, but it can be positively stated that a great majority of them arise from degenerating cells; and in many cases, I think, it is not possible to differentiate a degeneration from a protozoön by the study of its morphology and staining reactions. The bodies present in blister fluid resemble very closely those granular bodies found in blood under certain conditions, and seen in vaccine lymph and in emulsions of tissues and in exudates. I think, therefore, that they are for the most part, if not wholly, products of degenerating tissue cells and of leucocytes, and within certain limits specific to scarlet-fever and measles.
84 ASPM (ABNORMAL SPINDLE-LIKE, MICROCEPHALY-ASSOCIATED) GENE ENCODING A CENTROSOME PROTEIN IS INVOLVED IN CELL PROLIFERATION, TUMOR CELL INVASION AND OVEREXPRESSED IN HCC
Authors: H.W. Pan, S.Y. Lin, H.Y. Chou, H.C. Hsu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Elevated insulin receptor content in human breast cancer.
Authors: V Papa, V Pezzino, A Costantino, A Belfiore, D Giuffrida, L Frittitta, G B Vannelli, R Brand, I D Goldfine, R Vigneri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

The growth of breast cancer cells is under the regulation of hormones, growth factors, and their receptors. In the present study, we have employed a new, sensitive, and specific radioimmunoassay for the direct measurement of insulin receptors in surgical specimens of breast cancers. In 159 specimens the insulin receptor content was 6.15 +/- 3.69 ng/0.1 mg protein. This value was more than sixfold higher than the mean value found in both 27 normal breast tissues obtained at total mastectomy (0.95 + 0.68, P less than 0.001) and in six normal specimens obtained from reduction mammoplasty (0.84 +/- 0.78, P less than 0.001). The insulin receptor content in breast cancer tissues was also higher than in any normal tissue investigated including liver (Pezzino, V., V. Papa, V. Trischitta, A. Brunetti, P.A. Goodman, M.K. Treutelaar, J.A. Williams, B.A. Maddux, R. Vigneri, and I.D. Goldfine, 1989. Am. J. Physiol. 257:E451-457). The insulin receptor in breast cancer retained its ability to both bind insulin and undergo insulin-induced tyrosine kinase activation. Immunostaining of the specimens revealed that the insulin receptor was present in malignant epithelial cells, but was not detected in stromal and inflammatory cells. Univariant analysis revealed that the insulin receptor content of the tumors correlated positively with tumor size (P = 0.014), histological grading (P = 0.030), and the estrogen receptor content (P = 0.035). There were no significant correlations between insulin receptor content and the age, body weight, menopausal status, and nodal involvement of the patients. These studies indicate, therefore, that the insulin receptor content is increased in breast cancers and raise the possibility that the insulin receptor may have a role in the biology of these tumors.
EXTRA-UTERINE PREGNANCY, WITH REPORT OF CASES.
Authors: M. PRICE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In considering the condition of extra-uterine pregnancy there are very many questions of great professional interest, some not yet finally settled, all relating to the condition; giving light upon its treatment is of vast importance to the practitioner. It is important that he should be familiar with all the more prominent symptoms of an accidental misplacement or deviation from lines of normal pregnancy. All cases of suspected pregnancy in women who have had a longer or shorter period of sterility, should be carefully watched in the early months for symptoms of tubal gestation. I do not know of a single case of rupture, or the history of rupture with well marked symptoms of loss of blood, that the rupture did not take place before the twelfth week. All these cases must of necessity first pass through the hands of the general practitioner, and are lost or saved through their appreciation
Viral T-Antigen Interactions With Cellular Proto-oncogene and Anti-oncogene Products
Authors: A. A. Schreier, J. Gruber
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Simian virus 40 (SV40) and mouse polyomavirus are small DNA viruses that can transform cells in culture and produce tumors in susceptible animals.These tumor viruses are widely used in laboratory studies of cell transformation and tumorigenesis.Although useful for basic studies, they were considered to have only limited relevance to cancer development in humans.This view now appears to be incorrect.Recent investigations have shown that these viruses interact with specific cellular proteins that include proto-and anti-oncogene products associated with some human cancers (7-5).One such cellular protein is the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor-suppressor-gene product, the Rb protein, whose absence or inactivation in humans can lead to the eye cancer retinoblastoma.The appearance of the Rb protein and other cellular proteins in two very different neoplastic situations, spontaneous human carcinomas and viral-induced malignant transformation in cultured cells and susceptible animals, stresses the importance of this protein and other suppressor-gene products in cancer etiology.It also indicates the potential usefulness of these well-characterized DNA tumor viruses in providing experimental systems for studying the mechanisms of human cancer development that involve these cellular proteins.To review and assess these recent advances in SV40/polyomavirus research and to suggest future areas of research emphasis, the Biological Carcinogenesis Branch, Division of Cancer Etiology (DCE), National Cancer Institute (NCI), sponsored a workshop entitled "T-Antigens and Proto-oncogene Interactions" in Gaithersburg, MD, April 17-18, 1989.It was chaired by Dr.
Self-expanding metal stents for treatment of anastomotic complications after colorectal resection
Authors: A. Lamazza, E. Fiori, E. De Masi, D. Scoglio, A. Sterpetti, E. Lezoche
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) can be used to treat patients with symptomatic anastomotic complications after colorectal resection. In the present case series, 16 patients with symptomatic anastomotic stricture after colorectal resection were treated with endoscopic placement of SEMS. Seven patients had a “simple” anastomotic stricture and nine patients had a fistula associated with the stricture. The anastomotic fistula healed without evidence of residual stricture or major fecal incontinence in seven of the nine patients. Overall the anastomotic stricture was resolved in 10 of the 16 patients. SEMS placement represents a valid adjunctive to treatment in patients with symptomatic anastomotic complications after colorectal resection for cancer.
Proliferative response of CD4+ T cells and hepatitis B virus clearance in chronic hepatitis with or without hepatitis B e–minus hepatitis B virus mutants
Authors: Hanns F. Löhr, Wolfgang Weber, Jörg Schlaak, Bernd Goergen, Karl-Hermann Meyer Zum Büschenfelde, Guido Gerken
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To assess the significance of cell-mediated immunity, T cells were derived from the peripheral blood and liver tissue of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients and controls. The analysis of the <3>H-thymidine-uptake in response to a panel of recombinant HBV antigens revealed that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the 25 viremic patients with inflammatory active, chronic hepatitis B, 16 with wild-type and nine with HBe-minus HBV mutant infection, showed stronger proliferative responses to HBc and HBe antigens than 16 asymptomatic nonviremic HBsAg carriers with normal aminotransferase levels (HBc: SI 19.3 ± 3.9 vs. 13.0 ± 3.2 vs. 8.0 ± 1.2; P < .01 and HBe: SI 16.6 ± 4.0 vs. 10.7 ± 3.5 vs. 6.9 ± 1.5; P < .05). In 15 patients with acute self-limited hepatitis B, however, significantly stronger HBc antigen-specific T-cell responses were observed during HBV clearance and HBe/anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas in nine completely HBV-immunized patients only minor proliferative responses to HBV antigens were observed. Six HBe/HBcAg- and two HBeAg-specific CD4+ T-cell lines could be expanded from liver tissue and peripheral blood of six viremic patients with chronic hepatitis B. Irrespectively of HBV mutations the HBV-specific activation of the T-cell lines was restricted by the presence of HLA-DR molecules and resulted in the release of Th1-like cytokine patterns. Follow-up of interferon (IFN) recipients showed simultaneous short-term increase of HBc/HBe- specific T-cell reactivities in responder patients during HBV clearance and HBe/anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas in nonresponders high virus load and HBV-specific immune responses were in imbalance. In conclusion, HBe/HBc-specific CD4+ helper T cells are related to disease activity. From patients with HBe-minus HBV mutants HBeAg-specific T cells could be obtained in vitro, suggestive of viral escape from the host immune response. We speculate that HBe/HBcAg-specific T helper cells are required to mount an efficient immune response in HBV infection. (HEPATOLOGY 1995; 22:61–68.)
Genetic and physical interaction of the B-cell systemic lupus erythematosus-associated genes <i>BANK1</i> and <i>BLK</i>
Authors: Casimiro Castillejo-López, Angélica M Delgado-Vega, Jerome Wojcik, Sergey V Kozyrev, Elangovan Thavathiru, Ying-Yu Wu, Elena Sánchez, David Pöllmann, Juan R López-Egido, Serena Fineschi, Nicolás Domínguez, Rufei Lu, Judith A James, Joan T Merrill, Jennifer A Kelly, Kenneth M Kaufman, Kathy L Moser, Gary Gilkeson, Johan Frostegård, Bernardo A Pons-Estel, Sandra D'Alfonso, Torsten Witte, José Luis Callejas, John B Harley, Patrick M Gaffney, Javier Martin, Joel M Guthridge, Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Altered signalling in B cells is a predominant feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The genes BANK1 and BLK were recently described as associated with SLE. BANK1 codes for a B-cell-specific cytoplasmic protein involved in B-cell receptor signalling and BLK codes for an Src tyrosine kinase with important roles in B-cell development. To characterise the role of BANK1 and BLK in SLE, a genetic interaction analysis was performed hypothesising that genetic interactions could reveal functional pathways relevant to disease pathogenesis.The GPAT16 method was used to analyse the gene-gene interactions of BANK1 and BLK. Confocal microscopy was used to investigate co-localisation, and immunoprecipitation was used to verify the physical interaction of BANK1 and BLK.Epistatic interactions between BANK1 and BLK polymorphisms associated with SLE were observed in a discovery set of 279 patients and 515 controls from northern Europe. A meta-analysis with 4399 European individuals confirmed the genetic interactions between BANK1 and BLK. As BANK1 was identified as a binding partner of the Src tyrosine kinase LYN, the possibility that BANK1 and BLK could also show a protein-protein interaction was tested. The co-immunoprecipitation and co-localisation of BLK and BANK1 were demonstrated. In a Daudi cell line and primary naive B cells endogenous binding was enhanced upon B-cell receptor stimulation using anti-IgM antibodies.This study shows a genetic interaction between BANK1 and BLK, and demonstrates that these molecules interact physically. The results have important consequences for the understanding of SLE and other autoimmune diseases and identify a potential new signalling pathway.
Ingrowing toenails: an evaluation of two treatments.
Authors: P F Cameron
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Most of the procedures used for treating ingrowing toenails cause considerable discomfort and have high failure rates. This study evaluated two methods of treatment: (a) a simple procedure, and (b) angular phenolisation. Patients were seen in a special toenail clinic and were assessed for severity and duration of symptoms. Those with no permanent deformity of the nail fold and with only minor infection were treated by the simple procedure. The nail was nicked and torn down to expose the infected nail fold. The patients were then taught to clean the area, spray it with povidone-iodine dry powder, and pack the nail fold with a twist of cotton-wool. Patients with recurrent or severe ingrowing toenails were treated by angular phenolisation. One hundred patients were treated by the simple procedure and 61 of these had had no recurrence after six months. A total of 280 phenolisations were carried out over 18 months and 272 were successful. The treatments described are simple, effective, and well tolerated and should be considered as alternatives to traditional treatment.
Differential Expression of miRNAs in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Compared to Multinodular Goiter Using Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Tissues
Authors: Michael T. Tetzlaff, Aihua Liu, Xiaowei Xu, Stephen R. Master, Don A. Baldwin, John W. Tobias, Virginia A. Livolsi, Zubair W. Baloch
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2007)
Caring for Older People: Public transport
Authors: T A Roper, G P Mulley
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Most older people are mobile and able to use public transport without any problems. Those who are hard of hearing or have poor vision and those with mobility problems need not be deterred from using public transport. Though the design and provision of suitable buses, taxis, and trains is not always optimum, many now have imaginative features to help older passengers. Travel by air and sea needs extra planning for disabled elderly people, but helpful advice is available and much can be done to enable even the most disabled traveller to make long journeys confidently and in comfort.
MEATOTOMY: A SIMPLE METHOD
Authors: Sylvan H. Likes
Journal: JAMA (1913)

numerous over tlie peritoneal surfaces, and all pigmenta¬ tion in the primary growth bad disappeared.Indeed, so complete was the disappearance oí ibe former melanotio conditions that Dr. Mayo paused in his operation to inquire whether I was positive that this was the former luelanotic ease described.The after-history of Ibis unique ease shows that 1 was correct in my original report in slating that the ease could not be delayed malignancy in me'lanosarcoma.The patient lived over twenty years after the original opera tion, and died oí cancerous change in an ordinary ovarian cyst, which showed QO indications of pigment, under Dr. Wilson's careful study.No light is afforded by the sub¬ sequent history or the pathologic Undings al the opera¬ tions bearing on the condition of melanosis, and the ease must remain on record as benign melanosis, a unique condition of unknown etiology, (lit!Syndicate lliiilding.
LEFT ATRIAL PHASIC FUNCTION ASSESSED BY SPECKLE TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IS A USEFUL PREDICTOR FOR FIRST ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: RESULTS OF PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 2 YEARS FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Shintaro Abe, Ryuhei Tanaka, Koji Ono, Takatomo Watanabe, Fumitaka Tokoro, Reiko Matsuoka, Yoshiaki Goto, Takashi Yoshizane, Tomoko Hirose, Takashi Kato, Syunichiro Warita, Tai Kojima, Makoto Iwama, Takeshi Hirose, Shintaro Tanihata, Toshiyuki Noda, Sachiro Watanabe, Masanori Kawasaki, Sinya Minatoguchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Resident Peer Supervision of Psychotherapy
Authors: D. K. WINSTEAD, J. S. BONOVITZ, M. S. GALE, J. W. EVANS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

This paper describes a program at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center for the supervision of second-year residents by a group of peers. Under this system, each participant was able to bring troublesome cases to the attention of the group and to work through many of the difficulties that might not have been examined in traditional individual supervision. The authors describe five stages in the development of the group and offer observations that would be helpful to such groups elsewhere.
Search for <i>Mycobacterium paratuberculosis </i>DNA in orofacial granulomatosis and oral Crohn’s disease tissue by polymerase chain reaction
Authors: M P Riggio, J Gibson, A Lennon, D Wray, D G MacDonald
Journal: Gut (1997)

Background — Although intestinal Crohn’s disease has long been suspected to have a mycobacterial cause, possible mycobacterial involvement in orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) and oral lesions of Crohn’s disease has not yet been investigated. Aims — As the slow growing Mycobacterium paratuberculosis has been implicated in the aetiology of intestinal Crohn’s disease, the potential involvement of this mycobacterial species in OFG and oral lesions of Crohn’s disease was investigated. Patients — To attempt detection of the organism in OFG and oral Crohn’s disease tissue samples, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used on archival formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded oral tissue sections from 30 patients with OFG, seven with Crohn’s disease, and 12 normal controls. Methods — The PCR assay used was based on primers targeting the 5′ region of the multicopy IS900 DNA insertion element of the M paratuberculosis genome. In order to achieve maximum sensitivity, two rounds of PCR were carried out and amplicons confirmed by Southern blot hybridisation to a digoxigenin labelled IS900 DNA probe. Results — None of the OFG and oral lesions of Crohn’s disease samples were positive for M paratuberculosis and all normal controls were also negative. Conclusions — These results suggest that M paratuberculosis may not be a major aetiological agent in OFG or oral Crohn’s disease lesions, although the use of paraffin wax embedded tissue as opposed to fresh tissue as a sample source could underestimate the true prevalence of the organism.
What Autonomy for Telecare? An<i>Externalist</i>Approach
Authors: Luca Chiapperino, Marco Annoni, Paolo Maugeri, Giuseppe Schiavone
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge Fondazione Umberto Veronesi for its financial support. All authors contributed equally to this work.
Home collection of urine for culture from infants by three methods: survey of parents' preferences and bacterial contamination rates
Authors: L. C T Liaw
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Urinary tract infection is common in childhood. Infants are most likely to scar and often have non-specific symptoms. Because of practical difficulties with collecting urine, samples are often not obtained.1 Most samples are collected by parents,2 yet nobody has sought parents' views on available methods. We assessed contamination rates and parents' opinions of three common methods used at home.

Parents of children aged 1 to 18 months volunteered to collect urine at home by pads,bags, and clean catch in a randomised order, on one day. The study had ethics committee approval. Demonstrations and instruction sheets were given. Parents washed their hands before each procedure and the child's perineum before each collection. Pads (Newcastle sterile urine collection packs, Ontex UK, Corby) were placed inside the nappy and checked every 10 minutes until wet (but not soiled), then urine aspirated …