tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On Demand Therapy in Hereditary Angioedema with C1 Inhibitor Deficiency (C1-INH-HAE): Prospective Observational Study of 4244 Attacks
Authors: Marta Mansi, Andrea Zanichelli, Giulia Periti, Giulia M. Azin, Giovanni Casazza, Romualdo Vacchini, Anna Coerezza, Chiara Suffritti, Marco Cicardi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
1024-80 Mitral Stenosis and Pregnancy: Balloon Valvuloplasty Against Open Comissurotomy
Authors: Daniel Born, José A. Souza, Antonio C. Carvalho, Orlando Campos, Julio C. Massoneto, Antonio F. Moron, Joăo N. Branco, Enio Buffolo, Dirceu V. Santos, Eulógio Martinez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Intraductal papillary carcinoma of common bile duct diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration
Authors: Kartika Reddy, Kari Hooper, Andra Frost, Dejun Shen, Klaus Monkemuller, John Christein, Jayapal Ramesh
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 60-year-old black man with jaundice, pruritus, and weight loss was referred for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evaluation, which showed dilation of the common bile duct to 16 mm proximally resulting from obstruction by a hyperechoic, frondy, mobile mass ([Fig. 1]) within the intrapancreatic portion of the common bile duct ([Video 1]). The pancreatic parenchyma was unremarkable and the pancreatic duct was of normal caliber. Cytologic examination after fine-needle aspiration using a 25G needle revealed highly atypical epithelial cells consistent with adenocarcinoma ([Fig. 2 a]). The patient subsequently underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and spyglass cholangioscopy ([Fig. 3]), which confirmed the polypoidal mass lesion with papillary projections, without visible mucus but showed irregular surrounding bile duct mucosa ([Video 1]). A 10-Fr, 9-cm-long plastic stent was inserted for bile duct drainage and the patient subsequently underwent Whipple pancreaticoduodenectomy with negative lymph nodes. The surgical pathology specimen demonstrated a dilated common bile duct (1 cm diameter) containing a brown-tan papillary lesion measuring 2.4 × 1.2 × 0.4 cm. Histologically, the lesion was supported by a fibrovascular core with numerous papillae ([Fig. 2 b]) lined by cytologically malignant glandular epithelial cells; malignant cells also involved the mucosa adjacent to the papillary lesion ([Fig. 2 c, d]). There was no invasion into the underlying stroma.
Clinical Concerns About Reduced-Osmolarity Oral Rehydration Solution
Authors: David R. Nalin, Norbert Hirschhorn, William Greenough, George J. Fuchs, Richard A. Cash
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Doctors won't be disciplined for giving records to patients thinking of assisted suicide, says GMC
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

UK doctors who hand over medical records to patients who are contemplating assisted suicide abroad will not face disciplinary action by their regulator for aiding a suicide, the General Medical Council says in new guidance.

The guidance ends uncertainty after legal advice was issued to some doctors that they faced a possible charge of assisting a suicide or disciplinary proceedings just for releasing records to patients who wanted to end their lives abroad. Assisting a suicide is a crime in the United Kingdom carrying a possible jail sentence.

A steady stream of terminally ill people from the UK have sought help at the Dignitas …
The Effect of Endoscopic Sclerotherapy of Esophageal Varices on the Development of Gastric Varices
Authors: G. Zanasi, A. Rossi, C. Grosso, M. Bini, P. Gambitta, Z. Pirone, R. Arcidiacono
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

The effect of sclerotherapy of esophageal varices on the development of gastric varices is a controversial question. The aim of the present study was to evaluate prospectively the presence and development of gastric varices as a consequence of esophageal variceal sclerotherapy.We prospectively studied 227 patients, all of whom had liver cirrhosis at the time of the first bleeding episode due to esophageal varices. All patients were treated with emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy, and further courses of sclerotherapy to eradicate the varices were given at seven-day intervals for three sessions, and then every fifteen days until eradication was complete. At the time of inclusion in the study, patients were divided in two groups: group A, with initial gastric varices, and group B, without any gastric varices initially.Group A included 138 patients (60.8%), in 99 of whom (71.7%) disappearance of the gastric varices was observed. In 63 cases (63.6%) the varices were eliminated during the sclerotherapy treatment, before the eradication of esophageal varices; in 36 cases (36.4%), the gastric varices disappeared after the eradication of the esophageal varices. Group B included 89 patients (32.9%); in 78 of them (87.6%), no appearance of gastric varices was observed, while in 11 (12.4%), gastric varices appeared.From these data, it can be concluded that sclerotherapy of esophageal varices cannot be a determinant factor either for the appearance of gastric varices or for their subsequent risk of bleeding.
Vitamin D-dependent rickets type II. Defective induction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in cultured skin fibroblasts.
Authors: G T Gamblin, U A Liberman, C Eil, R W Downs, D A DeGrange, S J Marx
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

1,25(OH)2D3 induces 25(OH)D3-24-hydroxylase (24-OHase) in cultured skin fibroblasts from normal subjects. We evaluated 24-OHase induction by 1,25(OH)2D3 in skin fibroblasts from 10 normal subjects and from four unrelated patients with hereditary resistance to 1,25(OH)2D or vitamin D-dependent rickets type II (DD II). Fibroblasts were preincubated with varying concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 for 15 h and were then incubated with 0.5 microM [3H]25(OH)D3 at 37 degrees C for 30 min; lipid extracts of the cells were analyzed for [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 by high performance liquid chromatography and periodate oxidation. Apparent maximal [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 production in normal cell lines was 9 pmol/10(6) cells per 30 min and occurred after induction with 10(-8) M 1,25(OH)2D3. 24-OHase induction was detectable in normal fibroblasts at approximately 3 X 10(-10) M 1,25(OH)2D3. [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 formation after exposure to 1,25(OH)2D3 was abnormal in fibroblasts from all four patients with DD II. In fibroblasts from two patients with DD II, [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 formation was unmeasurable (below 0.2 pmol/10(6) cells per 30 min) at 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations up to 10(-6) M. Fibroblasts from the other two patients with DD II required far higher than normal concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 for detectable [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 induction. In one, [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 production reached 2.9 pmol/10(6) cells per 30 min at 10(-6) M 1,25(OH)2D3 (30% normal maximum at 10(-6) M 1,25(OH)2D3). In the other, [3H]24,25(OH)2D3 production achieved normal levels, 7.3 pmol/10(6) cells per 30 min after 10(-6) M 1,25(OH)2D3. The two patients whose cells had a detectable 24-OHase induction by 1,25(OH)2D3 showed a calcemic response to high doses of calciferols in vivo. Our current observations correlate with these two patients' responsiveness to calciferols in vivo and suggest that their target organ defects can be partially or completely overcome with extremely high concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3. The two patients whose cells showed no detectable 24-OHase induction in vitro failed to show a calcemic response to high doses of calciferols in vivo. In conclusion: (a) the measurement of 24-OHase induction by 1,25(OH)2D3 in cultured skin fibroblasts is a sensitive in vitro test for defective genes in the 1,25(OH)2D effector pathway. (b) This assay provides a useful tool for characterizing the target tissue defects in DD II and predicting response to calciferol therapy.
Gonadal Hormones in Long-Term Survivors 10 Years after Treatment for Unilateral Testicular Cancer
Authors: Carina Nord, Trine Bjøro, Dag Ellingsen, Arnstein Mykletun, Olav Dahl, Olbjørn Klepp, Roy M. Bremnes, Erik Wist, Sophie D. Fosså
Journal: European Urology (2003)
Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: a novel analgesic therapy for diabetic neuropathic pain.
Authors: M A Hamza, P F White, W F Craig, E S Ghoname, H E Ahmed, T J Proctor, C E Noe, A S Vakharia, N Gajraj
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) in the management of patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 50 adult patients with type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathic pain of &amp;gt;6 months duration involving the lower extremities were randomly assigned to receive active PENS (needles with electrical stimulation at an alternating frequency of 15 and 30 Hz) and sham (needles only) treatments for 3 weeks. Each series of treatments was administered for 30 min three times a week according to a standardized protocol. After a 1-week washout period, all patients were subsequently switched to the other modality. A 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess pain, physical activity, and quality of sleep before each session. The changes in VAS scores and daily requirements for oral analgesic medication were determined during each 3-week treatment period. Patients completed the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) before and after completion of each treatment modality. At the end of the crossover study, a patient preference questionnaire was used to compare the effectiveness of the two modalities. RESULTS: Compared with the pain VAS scores before active (6.2 +/- 1.0) and sham (6.4 +/- 0.9) treatments, pain scores after treatment were reduced to 2.5 +/- 0.8 and 6.3 +/- 1.1, respectively. With active PENS treatment, the VAS activity and sleep scores were significantly improved from 5.2 +/- 1.0 and 5.8 +/- 1.3 to 7.9 +/- 1.0 and 8.3 +/- 0.7, respectively. The VAS scores for pain, activity, and sleep were unchanged from baseline values after the sham treatments. Patients' daily oral nonopioid analgesic requirements decreased by 49 and 14% after active and sham PENS treatments, respectively. The post-treatment physical and mental components of the SF-36, the BDI, and the POMS all showed a significantly greater improvement with active versus sham treatments. Active PENS treatment improved the neuropathic pain symptoms in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: PENS is a useful nonpharmacological therapeutic modality for treating diabetic neuropathic pain. In addition to decreasing extremity pain, PENS therapy improved physical activity, sense of well-being, and quality of sleep while reducing the need for oral nonopioid analgesic medication.
Effects of low-dose recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I on insulin sensitivity, growth hormone and glucagon levels in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: C.L. Acerini, D.A. Harris, K.A. Matyka, A.P. Watts, A.M. Umpleby, D.L. Russell-Jones, D.B. Dunger
Journal: Metabolism (1998)
Educating Diabetic Patients
Authors: Julie Toperzer
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The word "doctor" has the literal and traditional meaning of "teacher," and the education of patients with diabetes mellitus has been especially regarded as an integral part of their medical management. This is because the patient with diabetes must ultimately play a key role in managing his own disease. In the last decade the role of the physician has been expanded to that of director of a team of educators consisting of, at the least, a nurse-clinician and nutritionist. This altered approach has occurred through the increasing recognition that further advances toward conquering diabetes depend on improved levels of patient education, and physicians by themselves often do not have the time or educational tools required to bring about successful behavior modification in diabetic patients. To bring together current information and experience for all those involved in diabetes education, a committee of the American Diabetes Association developed the idea for this
LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTRABECULATION IN AFRO-CARIBBEAN INDIVIDUALS: AN INHERITED CARDIOMYOPATHY OR A PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO INCREASED CARDIAC PRELOAD
Authors: Sabiha Gati, Karen Melchiorre, Michael Papadakis, Abbas Zaidi, Basky Thilaganathan, Sanjay Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Sinus node function in children. Factors influencing its evaluation.
Authors: S M Yabek, J M Jarmakani, N K Roberts
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Overdrive atrial stimulation was performed in 20 electrophysiologically normal children at the time of routine diagnostic cardiac catheterization, for the determination of the sinus node recovery time (SNRT). Measurements were made at pacing rates of 120, 150, 180, and 200 beats/min. The absolute recovery times demonstrated wide range of values (420-1280 msec). Expressed as a percent of the resting P-P interval, values at pacing rates of 120 and 150 beats/min were 109-166%, with significantly less overdrive suppression (P less than 0.001) occurring at the two faster pacing rates. Atropine diminished the maximum SNRT in all patients tested. This study reports normal values for the SNRT in children. Factors which influence the SNRT are the resting heart rate, the rate of overdrive, and the autonomic tone. In children, the sinus node recovery time should be expressed in terms of the resting sinus interval.
Clinical Trials of Thrombolytic Agents in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: TOBY L. SIMON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Because thrombolytic agents, such as streptokinase and urokinase, rapidly dissolve arterial thrombi, clinical investigators have hoped that these agents could reduce mortality from acute myocardial infarction. Ten large multicenter controlled clinical trials have focused on this issue. They are not all comparable because of variations in dosage, duration of infusion, time between onset of symptoms and admission, and methods of randomization; however, composite results from six of these trials, conducted primarily in general hospital wards, suggest that streptokinase reduces mortality. The other four trials, from coronary care units, present conflicting results: two trials showed no effect, and two, still in progress, are showing mortality differences comparable to those in the positive general ward studies; however, the results are not statistically significant. No subgroup that may especially benefit has been identified. The indications for thrombolytic therapy in coronary care units can only be defined by further study.
Letter by Ravensbergen et al Regarding Article, “Long-Term Recording of Cardiac Arrhythmias With an Implantable Cardiac Monitor in Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction After Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Cardiac Arrhythmias and Risk Stratification After Acute Myocardial Infarction (CARISMA) Study”
Authors: Niels J.C. Ravensbergen, Hence J.M. Verhagen, Mirko De Melis
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Cardioprotective and Vasodilatory Actions of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Are Mediated Through Both Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor–Dependent and –Independent Pathways
Authors: Kiwon Ban, M. Hossein Noyan-Ashraf, Judith Hoefer, Steffen-Sebastian Bolz, Daniel J. Drucker, Mansoor Husain
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) is believed to mediate glucoregulatory and cardiovascular effects of the incretin hormone GLP-1(7-36) (GLP-1), which is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) to GLP-1(9-36), a truncated metabolite generally thought to be inactive. Novel drugs for the treatment of diabetes include analogues of GLP-1 and inhibitors of DPP-4; however, the cardiovascular effects of distinct GLP-1 peptides have received limited attention. Methods and Results— Here, we show that endothelium and cardiac and vascular myocytes express a functional GLP-1R as GLP-1 administration increased glucose uptake, cAMP and cGMP release, left ventricular developed pressure, and coronary flow in isolated mouse hearts. GLP-1 also increased functional recovery and cardiomyocyte viability after ischemia-reperfusion injury of isolated hearts and dilated preconstricted arteries from wild-type mice. Unexpectedly, many of these actions of GLP-1 were preserved in Glp1r −/− mice. Furthermore, GLP-1(9-36) administration during reperfusion reduced ischemic damage after ischemia-reperfusion and increased cGMP release, vasodilatation, and coronary flow in wild-type and Glp1r −/− mice, with modest effects on glucose uptake. Studies using a DPP-4–resistant GLP-1R agonist and inhibitors of DPP-4 and nitric oxide synthase showed that the effects of GLP-1(7-36) were partly mediated by GLP-1(9-36) through a nitric oxide synthase–requiring mechanism that is independent of the known GLP-1R. Conclusions— These data describe cardioprotective actions of GLP-1(7-36) mediated through the known GLP-1R and novel cardiac and vascular actions of GLP-1(7-36) and its metabolite GLP-1(9-36) independent of the known GLP-1R. Our data suggest that the extent to which GLP-1 is metabolized to GLP-1(9-36) may have functional implications in the cardiovascular system.
Management of Platelet-Directed Pharmacotherapy in Patients With Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Elective Endoscopic Gastrointestinal Procedures
Authors: Richard C. Becker, James Scheiman, Harold L. Dauerman, Frederick Spencer, Sunil Rao, Marc Sabatine, David A. Johnson, Frances Chan, Neena S. Abraham, Eamonn M.M. Quigley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
The Nobel Duel: Two Scientists' 21-Year Race to Win the World's Most Coveted Research Prize
Authors: Lawrence D. Grouse
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Nicholas Wade has written a great book. It invites comparison with James Watson's landmark essay,<i>The Double Helix</i>, which first laid bare the quirks and neuroses of scientists that adorn, if not fuel, the conduct of biomedical research. Wade's book is the better of the two, though the discoveries that he chronicles are of lesser importance. The story involves the search for the postulated hypothalamic factors that were (correctly) thought to regulate pituitary hormone secretion, and the rivalry between the principal characters, Roger Guillemin and Andrew Schally, the scientists who eventually jointly received the Nobel prize for the discoveries. The author has meticulously researched and brilliantly presented the key events and personalities involved. In the masterfully controlled unfolding of the story, the greatness and also the tragic flaws of the protagonists and the system in which they work clearly emerge. With humor and an even hand, Wade dispenses what amounts
Ischaemic enterocolitis: an expression of the intravascular coagulation syndrome
Authors: R. Whitehead
Journal: Gut (1971)

In 20 cases of ischaemic enterocolitis unassociated with lesions of major vessels, fresh thrombi were found in the small vessels of the bowel wall and were widespread in other tissues. The capillaries of the renal glomeruli and vessels in the lung were the commonest sites. Pseudo-membranous enterocolitis is shown to be an early or more slowly evolving but identical entity to other forms of so-called ischaemic enterocolitis. This is a condition which includes ischaemic enterocolitis, postoperative enterocolitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and probably some cases of clostridial and staphylococcal enterocolitis. It is due to an episode of intravascular coagulation occurring principally in the gut wall but also elsewhere.
The Effects of Danazol on a Patient with Familial Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia
Authors: NEIL KATZ, MORAKINYO O. TONEY, JAMES D. HEIRONIMUS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia, a syndrome involving an abnormal affinity of albumin for thyroxine, results in elevated total thyroxine and free thyroxine index levels but normal triiodothyronine resin uptake and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Danazol is a synthetic androgen that increases triiodothyronine resin uptake and decreases total thyroxine, secondary to a decrease in thyroid-binding globulin levels. A 35-year-old woman with familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia who was given danazol, in whom nervousness, insomnia, and weight gain developed, is described. Thyroid tests performed after initiation of danazol therapy revealed an increase in triiodothyronine resin uptake, with persistently elevated total thyroxine and free thyroxine index levels, and normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Once the danazol was withdrawn, the symptoms resolved, the triiodothyronine resin uptake returned to normal, and the thyroid-stimulating hormone remained normal. The effects of danazol on a patient with familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia correlate well with the effects on normals, and the ultrasensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone was the most useful test in separating hyperthyroxinemia from hyperthyroidism.
G-quadruplexes as targets for drug design
Authors: Laurence H. Hurley, Richard T. Wheelhouse, Daekyu Sun, Sean M. Kerwin, Miguel Salazar, Oleg Yu. Fedoroff, Frank X. Han, Haiyong Han, Elzbieta Izbicka, Daniel D. Von Hoff
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2000)