tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complications of Cardiac Catheterization of Neonates, Infants, and Children
Authors: PAUL STANGER, MICHAEL A. HEYMANN, HAROLD TARNOFF, JULIEN I. E. HOFFMAN, ABRAHAM M. RUDOLPH
Journal: Circulation (1974)

In order to assess the influence of recent modifications in cardiac catheterization technique and patient management, a prospective study of all complications in a series of 1160 cardiac catheterizations of neonates, infants, and children was performed. Thirty-four major and 136 minor complications were recorded. Fatal complications were rare in all age groups (0.26%); however, postcatheterization deaths not attributable to the procedure were common in critically ill neonates with nonremediable lesions. Arrhythmias and arterial complications accounted for 78% of all complications. Although the incidence of arrhythmias was high (8.3% of all cases), particularly in infants, almost all responded to simple therapeutic measures. Five arrhythmias resulted in clinical deterioration and two contributed to death. The incidence of arterial complications varied considerably with the method of arterial entry. Percutaneous catheterization by the sheath method was associated with fewer complications than with the Seldinger technique, arteriotomy, or insertion of a teflon cannula into an exposed artery. Complications were particularly common after brachial arteriotomy in patients with coarctation of the aorta (16.1%). Complications of contrast media and perforation of the heart were infrequent, each occurring once. Although the total number of major complications was only moderately less frequent than in patients of comparable age in the Cooperative Study on Cardiac Catheterization, 1 there was a considerable reduction in the most severe complications and deaths. The changes in catheterization technique and patient management that contributed to decreased mortality and morbidity are discussed.
Proximal promoter of the murine syndecan‐1 gene is not sufficient for the developmental pattern of syndecan expression in B lineage cells
Authors: Carmelo P. Volpe, Anna Lundgren, Alar Aints, Abdalla J. Mohamed, Panu Jaakkola, Birger Christensson, Gösta Gahrton, Markku Jalkanen, C.I. Edvard Smith, M. Sirac Dilber
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract Syndecan‐1 (CD138) is a cell membrane proteoglycan that binds extracellular matrix components and various growth factors. The role of syndecan‐1 in the control of cell growth and morphology has been illustrated by its altered expression in hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma as well as some solid tumors. It has been reported that the expression of syndecan‐1 in cells of the B lineage is developmentally regulated such that pre‐B cells and plasma cells express syndecan‐1 while mature B cells do not. Thus, we investigated whether the proximal promoter region of the murine syndecan‐1 promoter was able to confer the observed on–off–on expression of syndecan‐1 in cells of the B lineage as they develop from pre‐B cells to plasma cells. Experiments carried out using deletion mutants of the proximal promoter cloned upstream of the CAT reporter gene transfected into murine cell lines, representing the above stages of B‐cell development, such as BA/F3 (pro‐B cell), 70Z/3 (pre‐B cell), 2PK3 (late mature B cell), and MPC‐11 (plasma cell), showed detectable levels of CAT expression. The WEHI‐231 (mature B cell) cell lines did not show detectable levels of CAT reporter activity. The strong levels of expression were observed with a fragment of the proximal promoter spanning the region from −365 to −95 (from the translation start point). Hovewer, Northern analysis of RNA obtained from the five murine B‐cell lines, representing various stages of B‐cell development, showed that the 70Z/3, MPC‐11 but not BA/F3, and 2PK3 cells expressed detectable levels of syndecan‐1 mRNA. By FACS analysis, using a rat anti mouse syndecan‐1 antibody, syndecan‐1 expression on the cell surface was found to correlate with the observed mRNA expression patterns in these cell lines. Our results indicate that the proximal promoter of the murine syndecan‐1 promoter is not sufficient for the observed developmental pattern of syndecan expression in B cells. Am. J. Hematol. 67:20–26, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Medicine in Great Britain from the Restoration to the Nineteenth Century, 1660-1800: An Annotated Bibliography
Authors: Robert U. Massey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 April 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Medicine in Great Britain from the Restoration to the Nineteenth Century, 1660-1800: An Annotated BibliographyRobert U. Massey, MDRobert U. Massey, MDUniversity of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-7-199304010-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Medicine in Great Britain from the Restoration to the Nineteenth Century, 1660-1800: An Annotated BibliographySamuel J. Rogal; comp. 258 Pages. New York: Greenwood Press; 1992. $65.00.As information technology becomes more accessible to the common user, the classical annotated bibliography may come to seem a relic from an earlier age. Even so, the historian of medicine, whether amateur or professional, must find the familiar bibliographic works, standing within easy reach, to be comfortable companions. More than that, with such works as Morton's Medical Bibliography and Bibliotheca Osleriana, the real risk is losing oneself in browsing when there is work to be ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1993Volume 118, Issue 7Page: 576KeywordsInformation technologySurgery ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Budesonide and Nasal Allergen Challenge Testing in Man
Authors: Ulf Pipkorn
Journal: Allergy (1982)

In a nasal allergen challenge test, the effect of the glucocorticosteroid, Budesonide, on the pollen allergic type 1 reaction has been investigated, Placebo and two different dosages of budesonide were administered intranasally for 1 week before the challenge was performed, The study was designed as a double‐blind cross‐over trial. One week of treatment with the active steroid significantly reduced the nasal secretion compared to placebo as measured with the aid of a symptom score, and significantly reduced the induced nasal blockage measured objectively by means of rhinomanometry. No difference was found between the two dosages of budesonide, 400 μg and 100 μg daily, used in the study.
Chronic exposure to high levels of particulate air pollution and small airway remodeling.
Authors: Andrew Churg, Michael Brauer, Maria del Carmen Avila-Casado, Teresa I Fortoul, Joanne L Wright
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Recent evidence suggests that chronic exposure to high levels of ambient particulate matter (PM) is associated with decreased pulmonary function and the development of chronic airflow obstruction. To investigate the possible role of PM-induced abnormalities in the small airways in these functional changes, we examined histologic sections from the lungs of 20 women from Mexico City, a high PM locale. All subjects were lifelong residents of Mexico City, were never-smokers, never had occupational dust exposure, and never used biomass fuel for cooking. Twenty never-smoking, non-dust-exposed subjects from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, a low PM region, were used as a control. By light microscopy, abnormal small airways with fibrotic walls and excess muscle, many containing visible dust, were present in the Mexico City lungs. Formal grading analysis confirmed the presence of significantly greater amounts of fibrous tissue and muscle in the walls of the airways in the Mexico City compared with the Vancouver lungs. Electron microscopic particle burden measurements on four cases from Mexico City showed that carbonaceous aggregates of ultrafine particles, aggregates likely to be combustion products, were present in the airway mucosa. We conclude that PM penetrates into and is retained in the walls of small airways, and that, even in nonsmokers, long-term exposure to high levels of ambient particulate pollutants is associated with small airway remodeling. This process may produce chronic airflow obstruction.
Letter Regarding Article by Tonelli et al, “Effect of Pravastatin on Rate of Kidney Function Loss in People With or at Risk for Coronary Disease”
Authors: Arash Rashidi, Mahboob Rahman
Journal: Circulation (2006)

We read with interest the article by Tonelli et al 1 in which the authors showed that pravastatin decreases the rate of kidney function loss in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD), ie, glomerular filtration rate between 30 and 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 .This effect was not shown in patients with normal kidney function or in patients with mild CKD.The authors do not discuss the possible mechanisms of the beneficial effect provided by pravastatin therapy.A closer look at the studied population shows that in this study, at baseline, patients with normal kidney function and mild CKD have higher levels of low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol than patients with moderate CKD.Data on the lipid profile after treatment with pravastatin have not been presented.Considering that the treated subjects in all groups received the same dose of pravastatin, it is expected that the drops in cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels would be almost the same.In this case, one might argue that the protective effect of pravastatin on glomerular filtration rate is independent of its lipid-lowering effect and perhaps related to its anti-inflammatory effects.CKD is associated with higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers, 2 and inflammation may mediate progressive renal injury. 3,4The antiinflammatory effects of statins are well known. 5It is possible that the beneficial effects of pravastatin demonstrated in this study relate to its anti-inflammatory effects.The presence of higher inflammatory markers in patients with moderate CKD than in patients with mild CKD may explain better protective effects of pravastatin on glomerular filtration rate in patients with moderate CKD.Analyses of levels of inflammatory biomarkers, if available, before and after pravastatin therapy may be valuable in exploring this issue further.
Drug-induced pemphigus foliaceus with features of pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: K. Ogata, H. Nakajima, M. Ikeda, Y. Yamamoto, M. Amagai, T. Hashimoto, H. Kodama
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Sir, One agent that induces pemphigus is d‐penicillamine, which contains the sulphydryl radical.1 We report a case of pemphigus induced by bucillamine, a related thiol drug. A 62‐year‐old man with severe arthralgia had been treated with oral bucillamine for rheumatoid arthritis during the 6‐month period before presentation at our clinic. He exhibited two types of pemphigus lesion on his neck, legs and chest (Fig. 1). One type consisted of small, pigmented, vesiculated, and erythematous macules, similar to pemphigus foliaceus (PF), and the other type involved deep erosions as seen in pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Mucosal lesions were not observed. Laboratory tests showed positive antinuclear antibody (1 : 320, nucleolar type), low serum total protein (5.9 g dL−1; normal range, 6.5–8.0), elevated serum total cholesterol (396 mg dL−1; normal range, 130–230), and proteinuria (8.7 g daily). A renal biopsy showed typical features of membranous glomerulonephritis, which was most probably a side‐effect of bucillamine. A biopsy specimen taken from a lesion on the chest revealed acantholysis at the granular, spinous and suprabasal layers in the same section (Fig. 2). Direct immunofluorescence revealed intercellular deposition of IgG and C3 throughout the epidermis. No deposition of immunoglobulin or complement was observed at the basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), using normal human skin as substrate, showed IgG reactivity in the nuclei of keratinocytes, reflecting a positive serum antinuclear antibody. No apparent IgG anti‐intercellular antibodies were detected. The patient's serum reacted with neither epidermal desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) nor desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) in immunoblot analysis using normal human epidermal extracts. The indices of a novel enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using baculovirus‐expressed recombinant desmogleins as antigen2,3 were 55·2 (positive) and 15·2 (grey zone; 10–20) for circulating anti‐Dsg1 and anti‐Dsg3 antibodies, respectively. The skin lesions rapidly but incompletely improved 1 month after discontinuation of bucillamine. The skin lesions disappeared completely after a few weeks of oral prednisolone at 40 mg daily for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome.
James Hill (“Hamish”) Barber
Authors: Graham Watt, John Howie
Journal: BMJ (2007)

After five years in the Royal Air Force, James Hill Barber (“Hamish”) obtained his MD while working as a general practitioner in Callendar, Stirlingshire. He was the first GP appointed to the Livingston project, involving joint hospital and general practice appointments. In 1972 he was appointed as senior lecturer at Glasgow University, and had no difficulty meeting …
Abstract 4368: Cathepsin B is a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic and gastric cancer .
Authors: Mei Wang, Chunlei Huang, Harvey Dong, Ziliang Qian, Shuqiong Fan, Xinying Su, Li Zheng, Qunsheng Ji, De-Hua Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Proteases are critical in tumorigenesis by facilitating rapid cell cycling, mediating local invasion, fueling angiogenesis, and promoting metastasis. Cathepsin B (CTSB), a member of papain subfamily of lysosomal cysteine proteases, is involved in tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Emerging evidence indicated that CTSB is up-regulated in many cancer nodes and metastatic lesions and functions to protect tumor cells from apoptosis. Hererin, we have performed microarray-based comparative hybridization (aGCH) to screen gene copy number variations in primary tumor samples and found CTSB gene is amplified in 13% (14/107) of Chinese gastric cancer and 2% (1/54) of Chinese pancreatic samples. Theses amplifications were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. By using siRNA-mediated gene silencing, we demonstrated for the first time a role of CTSB in cancer cell proliferation. Down-regulation of CTSB by siRNA interference resulted in significantly reduced cell proliferation and increased cell death in HupT4, a CTSB amplified human pancreatic cancer cell line, but not in the non-amplified cell lines. Together, our results suggest that CTSB is a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic and gastric cancer with CTSB amplification. Citation Format: Mei Wang, Chunlei Huang, Harvey Dong, Ziliang Qian, Shuqiong Fan, Xinying Su, Li Zheng, Qunsheng Ji, De-Hua Yu. Cathepsin B is a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic and gastric cancer . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4368. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4368
Birdsong and the “problem” of nature and nurture: Endless chirping about inadequate evidence or merely singing the blues about inevitable biases in, and limitations of, human inference?
Authors: Marc Bekoff
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1988)

Birdsong and the “problem” of nature and nurture: Endless chirping about inadequate evidence or merely singing the blues about inevitable biases in, and limitations of, human inference? - Volume 11 Issue 4
Abstract 1156: MicroRNA-21 in gliomas: An in situ hybridization study
Authors: Simon K. Hermansen, Rikke H. Dahlrot, Boye S. Nielsen, Steinbjørn Hansen, Bjarne W. Kristensen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract High-grade gliomas are some of the most lethal forms of human cancers. In glioblastomas, which are the most frequent and malignant type of glioma, microRNA-21 (miR21) has recently been suggested to be strongly upregulated. Until now, miR21 expression analysis has mainly been carried out using PCR methods, hence little is known about the cellular localization of miR21 in gliomas. Studies of other cancers have demonstrated miR21's prognostic value as well as roles in invasion, growth and anti-apoptosis. This suggests that miR21 is a potential therapeutic target as well as a promising novel prognostic marker in gliomas. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the expression of miR21 in gliomas and correlate it with tumor grade and overall survival using the new possibilities of locked nucleic acid (LNA) based in situ hybridization. We used 193 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded astrocytic and oligodendroglial brain tumors of increasing grade (WHO I-IV). Sections from these tumors were stained by a robust in situ hybridization assay using high-affinity LNA probes that specifically detect miR21. The expression of miR21 was revealed as a blue chromogenic staining reaction. Using advanced image analysis, the area of the staining reaction was measured by a trained pixel classifier on images recorded by stereological principles. The optimal sampling fraction was estimated to be 10%. The results showed that the miR21 signal was localized to blood vessels and populations of dispersed single cells. Moreover, the characteristic gemistocytic tumor cells seemed to display a distinct staining reaction. The miR21 signal increased with tumor grade and a very high individual signal variation was observed, especially among glioblastomas. When comparing the miR21 signal with overall survival, a high signal was associated with shorter survival, but in multivariate analysis this was not independent of grade. In conclusion miR21 is localized in both tumor cells and blood vessels in gliomas. A high miR21 expression appears to be associated with tumor grade and shorter survival underlining the importance of miR21 in glioma biology. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1156. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1156
Effects of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on the Renin-Angiotensin System in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Heribert Schunkert, A.H. Jan Danser, Hans-Werner Hense, Frans H.M. Derkx, Susanne Ku¨rzinger, Gu¨nter A.J. Riegger
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Oral estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is known to stimulate the synthesis of angiotensinogen. The effects of such therapy on renin, ACE, and aldosterone are less clear. This seems noteworthy, however, since further activation of the system could be disadvantageous to postmenopausal women who replace estrogen in the context of heart failure, coronary artery disease, or hypertension. Methods and Results Estrogen status and components of the renin-angiotensin system were examined in a population-based sample of postmenopausal women and age-matched men. Renin was quantified immunoradiometrically, ie, independent of substrate abundance; aldosterone, angiotensinogen, and ACE activity were determined by standard methods. Renin levels were lower in women with ERT (n=107; 12.0±0.7 mU/L) compared with women without ERT (n=223; 16.6±0.9 mU/L; P =.001) or men (n=342, 20.5±1.5 mU/L, P &lt;.0001). In contrast, angiotensinogen was higher in women with ERT (1.36±0.08 mg/L) compared with women without ERT (1.03±0.02 mg/L; P &lt;.0001) or compared with men (0.97±0.01 mg/L; P &lt;.0001). Renin suppression was seen with either oral or transdermal estrogen replacement (−30% and −31%, respectively; both P &lt;.001). In contrast, the increase of angiotensinogen was limited to women taking oral estrogens (+58%, P &lt;.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that these estrogen effects were independent of age, body mass index, blood pressure, and/or antihypertensive medication. Finally, only marginal differences between groups were observed for serum ACE activity and aldosterone. Conclusions Aside from a well-documented induction of angiotensinogen, ERT is related to a substantial suppression of renin, a phenomenon that might have received little attention because of widely used indirect measurements of the hormone.
Duodenal reflux and pyloric surgery.
Authors: H Burge
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Immunological Responses in Pregnancy SIR,-In their paper demonstrating depression of cell-mediated immunity during pregnancy, Dr. Ronald Finn and others (15 July, p. 150) predict that the function of the lymphocytes in the bursa-derived system would not be reduced and might even be increased during pregnancy.They refer to the work of WoodroW and others,2 who found no reduction of humoral antibody production W pregnant rabbits.We have examined the effect of pregnancy on insulin-binding antibodies present in the serum of insulin-treated patients.In all patients studied insulin antibody levels fell as pregnancy progressed so that by the third on 19 August
Randomized placebo controlled phase I/II trial of α-galactosylceramide for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Bart J. Veldt, Hans J.J. van der Vliet, B. Mary E. von Blomberg, Hans van Vlierberghe, Guido Gerken, Nobusuke Nishi, Kunihiko Hayashi, Rik J. Scheper, Robert J. de Knegt, Alfons J.M. van den Eertwegh, Harry L.A. Janssen, Carin M.J. van Nieuwkerk
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Affection of the Colon
Authors: P. S. Knight
Journal: BMJ (1842)

DR. KNI4HT ON AFFECTION OP THE COLON.better; seems going on very well.Repeat the blister, and continue other remedies.18. Can flex the fingers a little, but cannot extend them; tongue protruded nearly straight.19. Can both flex and extend the fingers a little; tongue almost straight; blister has risen well; metallic taste in mouth.Omit the pills; continue the magnesia.21. Going on very well; complains of soreness of mouth; motion in arm considerable.Friction of the arm to be practised.March 20.She went on so well that I omitted all medicine till now, when the arm appearing to be still a little deficient in power, I ordered extract of nux vomica, half a grain twice a day.This she continued for a fortnight with very decided beneflt, as by that time she had entirely regained the use of her hand and arm.October 10, 1842.She has continued quite well up to this time (eighteen months), and does not appear to experience any ill effects from the attack.