tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SC-21 * TRIM3, A HUMAN ORTHOLOG OF DROSOPHILA BRAT, MAINTAINS ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION OF GLIOMA STEM CELLS BY REGULATING c-MYC AND NOTCH1
Authors: Subhas Mukherjee, Gang Chen, Jun Kong, Daniel Brat
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioma stem cells, capable of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation, influence neoplastic growth by a dynamic balance between symmetric and asymmetric cell division. Growth is favored by a shift to symmetric division in which greater numbers of self-renewing cells emerge, as opposed to asymmetric division, which generates one stem and one differentiated cell. Drosophila Brain Tumor (Brat) protein is a critical driver of asymmetric division and differentiation, and neuroblast cells devoid of Brat undergo symmetric cell division to generate self-renewing cells that result in the brat mutant phenotype. Using a brat RNAi driven by the neuroblast specific promoter inscuteable in Drosophila model, we demonstrated accumulation of proliferative neuroblasts using inscuteable driven RFP. brat RNAi driven with eyeless promoter in Drosophila eye also induced eye overgrowth. Reduced Brat in these settings was associated with upregulation of Notch protein, suggesting a suppressive role on Notch signaling by Brat. Brat also has been shown to promote asymmetric cell division through post-transcriptional suppression of dMyc, although detailed mechanisms are lacking. We have shown that TRIM3, a human ortholog of Drosophila brat, is deleted in more than 25% of glioblastomas (GBMs). We have demonstrated that expression of TRIM3 in GBM-derived neurospheres significantly reduces proliferation, neurosphere formation, and the expression of stem cell markers CD133, NESTIN and NANOG. In GBM stem cells, expression of TRIM3 leads to a greater percentage undergoing asymmetric cell division. As with Brat in Drosophila, TRIM3 suppresses c-MYC expression and activity. We provide evidence that TRIM3, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, binds with and ubiquitinates c-MYC protein, resulting in its degradation. Subsequent attenuation of c-MYC expression inhibits proliferation and self-renewal. Altogether, our current data support a critical role of TRIM3 in maintaining asymmetric cell division of glioma stem cells by regulating c-MYC and NOTCH1.
Health Care Delivery
Authors: Russell B. Roth
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Health Care Financing and Delivery in the Decade Ahead is a prosaic title that could be, and no doubt has been, used many times to introduce a monograph in defense of some specific program or legislative proposal in the health and medical care fields. Yet the article bearing this title, by Walter McNerney (p 1154), is not in the least prosaic. It comes closer to being an incisive collection of aphorisms, clearly expressed and well ordered as applied to a complicated and sometimes confusing subject. Any proponent of change (or lack of change) should find it of interest to see how his ideas measure up.  First one may test his basic philosophy against nine statements of what Mr. McNerney clearly believes to be selfevident truth.  Next he may see how his plan addresses each of McNerney's seven underlying issues in health and medical programming.  Then he may check against the
Isoniazid and Weight Gain
Authors: I. S. Mudie, N. W. Horne, J. W. Crofton
Journal: BMJ (1954)

In groups of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treated with isoniazid a remarkable gain in weight has been one of the principal effects reported (Medical Research Council, 1952, 1953). Compared with other treatments, weight gain has been so marked as to lead to a suspicion that a non-specific effect on metabolism was involved as well as a direct effect on the disease. There have also been reports of a great increase in appetite, undue sleepiness or wakefulness, and altera tions in emotional tone, although none of these has been so frequent as the gain in weight. In order to determine whether it was worth while undertaking detailed metabolic investigations or a large-scale trial in normal subjects it was decided to carry out a con trolled pilot trial on a small scale.
Climacteric flushing in a man.
Authors: J Ginsburg, B O'Reilly
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Climacteric flushing in a manHot flushes are accepted as the characteristic accompaniment of the menopause in women.Although reports of flushing in men after orchidectomy' 2 or administration of a gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist3 suggest that testicular failure may also be associated with disturbed vascular activity, no objective study has been made of these attacks in men.We report the first measurement of vascular changes during such an attack in a man who developed disabling hot flushes after orchi- dectomy.
Novel roles of galectin‐1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cell adhesion, polarization, and<i>in vivo</i>tumor growth
Authors: María V. Espelt, Diego O. Croci, María L. Bacigalupo, Pablo Carabias, Malena Manzi, María T. Elola, Marina C. Muñoz, Fernando P. Dominici, Carlota Wolfenstein-Todel, Gabriel A. Rabinovich, María F. Troncoso
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a widely expressed β-galactoside–binding protein, exerts pleiotropic biological functions. Gal-1 is up-regulated in hepatocarcinoma cells, although its role in liver pathophysiology remains uncertain. We investigated the effects of Gal-1 on HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell adhesion and polarization. Soluble and immobilized recombinant Gal-1 (rGal-1) promoted HepG2 cell adhesion to uncoated plates and also increased adhesion to laminin. Antibody-mediated blockade experiments revealed the involvement of different integrins as critical mediators of these biological effects. In addition, exposure to rGal-1 markedly accelerated the development of apical bile canaliculi as shown by TRITC-phalloidin labeling and immunostaining for multidrug resistance associated-protein 2 (MRP2). Notably, rGal-1 did not interfere with multidrug resistance protein 1/P-glycoprotein or MRP2 apical localization, neither with transfer nor secretion of 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate through MRP2. Stimulation of cell adhesion and polarization by rGal-1 was abrogated in the presence of thiodigalactoside, a galectin-specific sugar, suggesting the involvement of protein–carbohydrate interactions in these effects. Additionally, Gal-1 effects were abrogated in the presence of wortmmanin, PD98059 or H89, suggesting involvement of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclic adenosine monophosphate–dependent protein kinase signaling pathways in these functions. Finally, expression levels of this endogenous lectin correlated with HCC cell adhesion and polarization and up-regulation of Gal-1–favored growth of hepatocarcinoma in vivo. Conclusion: Our results provide the first evidence of a role of Gal-1 in modulating HCC cell adhesion, polarization, and in vivo tumor growth, with critical implications in liver pathophysiology. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;)
Immunoglobulin- and complement-bearing lymphocytes in allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis (eczema)*
Authors: R.H. CORMANE, S. HUSZ, F. HAMERLINCK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Immunoglobulin‐ and complement‐bearing lymphocytes in allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis (eczema) Get access R.H. CORMANE, R.H. CORMANE Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam, Binnengasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. HUSZ, S. HUSZ Department of Dermatology (Chairman: M. Simon), University of Szeged, Hungary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. HAMERLINCK F. HAMERLINCK Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam, Binnengasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 90, Issue 6, 1 June 1974, Pages 597–605, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06687.x Published: 01 June 1974 Article history Accepted: 28 September 1973 Published: 01 June 1974
Immunotherapeutic Potential of Anti-Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K Envelope Protein Antibodies in Targeting Breast Tumors
Authors: Feng Wang-Johanning, Kiera Rycaj, Joshua B. Plummer, Ming Li, Bingnan Yin, Katherine Frerich, Jeremy G. Garza, Jianjun Shen, Kevin Lin, Peisha Yan, Sharon A. Glynn, Tiffany H. Dorsey, Kelly K. Hunt, Stefan Ambs, Gary L. Johanning
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2012)

BackgroundThe envelope (env) protein of the human endogenous retrovirus type K (HERV-K) family is commonly expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. We assessed whether HERV-K env is a potential target for antibody-based immunotherapy of breast cancer.
Fourier analysis versus multiple linear regression to analyse pressure-flow data during artificial ventilation
Authors: R Peslin, C Gallina, C Saunier, C Duvivier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Respiratory resistance (Rrs) and elastance (Ers) are commonly measured in artificially-ventilated patients or animals by multiple linear regression of airway opening pressure (Pao) versus flow (V') and volume (V), according to the first order model: Pao = P0 + Ers.V + Rrs.V', where P0 is the static recoil pressure at end-expiration. An alternative way to obtain Rrs and Ers is to derive them from the Fourier coefficients of Pao and V' at the breathing frequency. A potential advantage of the second approach over the first is that it should be insensitive to a zero offset on V' and to the corresponding volume drift. The two methods were assessed comparatively in six tracheotomized, paralysed and artificially ventilated rabbits with and without adding to V' an offset equal to 5% of the mean unsigned flow. The 5% flow offset did not modify the results of Fourier analysis, but increased Rrs and Ers from linear regression by 15.8 +/- 4.6% and 4.55 +/- 0.64%, respectively. Without additional offset, differences between the two methods averaged 30.2 +/- 14.0% for Rrs and 9.3 +/- 6.2% for Ers. The differences almost completely disappeared (2.47 and 0.61%, respectively) when the flow signal was zero-corrected using the assumption that inspired and expired volumes were the same. After induced bronchoconstriction, however, Ers was still slightly larger by linear regression than by Fourier analysis, which may result from nonlinearities and/or frequency dependence of the parameters. We conclude that the regression method requires zero flow correction and that Fourier analysis is an attractive alternative.
WMA says doctors must not prescribe drugs for execution
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The World Medical Association has strengthened its opposition to doctors’ involvement in capital punishment by passing a resolution at its general assembly in Bangkok that “physicians will not facilitate the importation or prescription of drugs for execution.”1

The resolution also reaffirmed the association’s previous statement that “it is unethical for physicians to participate in capital punishment in any way or during any step of the execution process, including its planning and the instruction and/or training of persons to perform execution.”

The WMA, which met from 10 to13 October, also resolved to reaffirm the statements in its declaration of Geneva that doctors “will maintain …
When to retract?
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Reserve retraction for fraud and major error 

Today we are retracting a study that seemed to show that the outcome of pregnancy in diabetic women in northeast England was worse than that of diabetic women in Norway.1–3 The authors have realised that they made a fundamental mistake.2 Data collected in Norway were meant to exclude codes for gestational diabetes but didn't.2 The conclusions cannot be allowed to stand, and a subsequent analysis shows no significant difference in outcome between women in the two countries known to have diabetes before pregnancy.2 Studies are most commonly retracted because of fraud, but there is no question of misconduct in this case. It was a simple mistake, and as soon as the authors realised it they asked us to retract the study.2 But when should editors retract studies?

Retraction is topical following two recent high profile cases. Nature Medicine has just retracted a German study that described how three patients with metastatic kidney cancer responded to a vaccine produced by fusing their tumour cells with immune cells.45w1 An ombudsman's committee from Gottingen University conducted an inquiry. It did not find scientific misconduct but did find negligence in the documentation of the trial and preparation of the manuscript. Some of the 17 authors needed convincing that the study should be retracted.

The second retraction concerns a study in Science that showed that …
The Sleep of Long-Haul Truck Drivers
Authors: Merrill M. Mitler, James C. Miller, Jeffrey J. Lipsitz, James K. Walsh, C. Dennis Wylie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

We conducted round-the-clock electrophysiologic and performance monitoring of four groups of 20 male truck drivers who were carrying revenue-producing loads. We compared four driving schedules, two in the United States (five 10-hour trips of day driving beginning about the same time each day or of night driving beginning about 2 hours earlier each day) and two in Canada (four 13-hour trips of late-night-to-morning driving beginning at about the same time each evening or of afternoon-to-night driving beginning 1 hour later each day).
STUDIES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FEVER TEMPERATURES
Authors: Francis W. Bishop, Charles M. Carpenter, Stafford L. Warren
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

A series of six water baths in one unit, set at 37 degrees , 39 degrees , 40 degrees , 41 degrees , 41.5 degrees , and 42 degrees C., for the purpose of studying the thermal death time of bacteria and of body tissues has been described.
Establishment of a functional HGF/C-MET autocrine loop in spontaneous transformants of WB-F344 rat liver stem-like cells
Authors: Sharon C. Presnell, Michelle J. Hooth, Kristen M. Borchert, William B. Coleman, Joe W. Grisham, Gary J. Smith
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

A model of spontaneous malignant transformation was used to evaluate the molecular changes that take place in WB–F344 rat liver epithelial cells during neoplastic transformation and tumorigenesis. A comparison of wild–type low–passage WB–F344 cells to spontaneously transformed tumor cell lines revealed that the majority of the tumor cell lines have an increased capacity for autonomous proliferation and motility when maintained in serum–free media. In the current study, we show that c– met is expressed at some level in wild–type WB–F344 cells and in all of the spontaneously transformed tumor cell lines, and that 9/16 of the tumor cell lines have acquired hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression. In vitro growth of HGF–expressing tumor cell lines is inhibited as much as 68% by the addition of neutralizing antibodies to HGF or antisense HGF oligonucleotides, indicating that the production of HGF by the tumor cells is partially responsible for driving autonomous proliferation in a subset of tumor cell lines. Furthermore, conditioned media collected from HGF–expressing tumor cell lines stimulates DNA synthesis in wild–type WB–F344 cells, and this effect can be abrogated by pre–incubation of the conditioned media with neutralizing antibodies to HGF. Because HGF is a motility–promoting growth factor, all cell lines were evaluated to determine if expression of HGF stimulated motogenesis. All tumor cell lines (regardless of HGF expression) were highly motile in comparison with wild–type WB–F344 cells, with a 3.5–fold to 20–fold greater number of motile cells. The high basal rate of motility characteristic of the tumor cell lines is not a result of the production of HGF, because it is also a property of the cell lines that do not express HGF messenger RNA. Furthermore, tumor cell motility is not inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides or neutralizing antibodies. Establishment of an autocrine HGF/c– met loop in a subset of spontaneously transformed WB–F344 cell lines may influence development and/or expression of the tumorigenic phenotype by driving cellular proliferation.
The Law and Economics of Workers' Compensation
Authors: Mark E. Battista
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This Institute for Civil Justice (the Rand Institute) report is as important for physicians as it is for attorneys and policymakers. After outlining the history of workers' compensation, the authors examine coverage, income protection, medical care and rehabilitation, safety incentives, and delivery systems. An analysis of how the system works, current policy issues, and suggestions for research complete the report. The authors debunk the myth that the system provides a speedy, relatively certain, and uncomplicated remedy: workers' compensation has "replaced litigation over who is at fault with litigation over what is at fault... and what the effects... will be on the victim." Nearly two thirds of occupational disease claims are contested, as compared with one tenth of accident claims and one fifth of all claims. A US Department of Labor estimate that only 3% of occupational diseases enter the claims process may not surprise physicians, but should cause them to
How to build a baby: A new toolkit?
Authors: Diane Poulin-Dubois
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract Carey proposes a theory of conceptual development that specifies innate conceptual representations that get learning started. Those representations are the output of innate domain-specific input analyzers. I contend that innate core cognition about agency is itself a gradual construction and that the role of Quinian bootstrapping needs elaboration to account for the development of intuitive theories of psychology.
Alcohol charities may be influenced by funding from industry, research shows
Authors: J. Gornall
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A decision by two charities not to quit the government’s responsibility deal alcohol network last year after Prime Minister David Cameron reneged on a commitment to introduce minimum unit pricing may have been influenced by large donations from the drinks industry, says a paper published in the European Journal of Public Health . The charities have strenuously denied the suggestion.

Researchers from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine set out to explore whether relationships between the alcohol industry and UK charities “may be used as a method of influencing alcohol policy.” They singled out the drugs and alcohol charities Mentor …
CSF Eosinophilia Following Myelography
Authors: D. J. Salberg
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by H. Preston Holley, Jr, MD, and Mohamed S. Al-Ibrahim, MD (242:2432, 1979), reported on a patient having CSF eosinophilia following myelography. In the report the authors suggest that "foreign material in the spinal canal can, on occasion, evoke an eosinophilic response by some unknown mechanism." I suggest that eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF-A) could be responsible for the eosinophilia. This potent mediator is preformed in basophil and mast cell granules and can be released by several mechanisms.<sup>1</sup>Iophendylate (Pantopaque) injection, like other contrast media, can act directly on basophils and mast cells, causing mediator release.<sup>2</sup> Second, contrast media can activate the complement sequence,<sup>3</sup>producing C3a and C5a. These anaphylotoxins cause the release of mediators of inflammation,<sup>4</sup>which includes ECF-A. Finally, an iophendylate injection can rarely cause a type I (IgE mediated) Gell-and-Coombs hypersensitivity reaction<sup>5</sup>that can be associated with the
Relationship between Increased Airway Responsiveness and Asthma Severity in the Childhood Asthma Management Program
Authors: SCOTT T. WEISS, MARK L. VAN NATTA, ROBERT S. ZEIGER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

The relationship between increased airway responsiveness and asthma severity in children is unclear. The Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP) with 1,041 children with mild to moderate asthma offers an opportunity to relate the concentration of methacholine that causes a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) to level of lung function, occurrence of respiratory symptoms, duration of disease, and assessment of severity by clinical staff. Decreasing PC20 was found to be associated with lower levels of lung function (prebronchodilator percent predicted FEV1: r = 0.29, β = 3.5, p < 0.001), the occurrence of chronic asthma symptoms, persistent wheezing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.66, p < 0.001), subjective clinical staff assessment of asthma severity (p < 0.001), and longer duration of asthma (r = − 0.11, β = − 0.20, p < 0.002). These data provide evidence that the degree of airway responsiveness is linked to disease severity in children with mild to moderate asthma.
Connecting liver and gut: Murine liver sinusoidal endothelium induces gut tropism of CD4+ T cells via retinoic acid
Authors: Katrin Neumann, Nils Kruse, Balint Szilagyi, Ulrike Erben, Christine Rudolph, Anne Flach, Martin Zeitz, Alf Hamann, Katja Klugewitz
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Gut-activated T cells migrating into the liver can cause extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. T cells acquire a gut-homing phenotype dependent on retinoic acid (RA) provided by intestinal dendritic cells (DC). We investigated whether liver antigen-presenting cells can induce gut tropism supporting an enterohepatic lymphocyte circulation. Priming of CD4(+) T cells by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) supported migration into gut and gut-associated lymphoid tissue. As observed for T cells primed by intestinal DCs, this gut tropism depended on α(4) β(7) integrin and CC chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) expression by LSEC-primed CD4(+) T cells. The induction of gut-homing molecules was mediated by RA, a derivate of vitamin A that is stored in large amounts within the liver. LSECs expressed functional retinal dehydrogenases and could convert vitamin A to RA. Conversely, the lack of signaling via the RA receptor prevented the expression of α(4) β(7) integrin and CCR9 on LSEC-primed CD4(+) T cells, consequently reducing their in vivo migration to the intestine. Other liver antigen-presenting cells failed to support high expression of α(4) β(7) integrin on CD4(+) T cells, thus, the potential to induce gut homing is restricted to LSECs.The capacity to promote gut tropism via vitamin A use is not unique for intestinal DCs but is also a feature of LSECs. Our data support the assumption that CD4(+) T cells can migrate from the liver to the gut as one branch of a postulated enterohepatic lymphocyte circulation.