tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Macroglobulinemia of Waldenström Apparently Associated with Two Paraproteins
Authors: Harvey T. Adelson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

DESCRIPTIONS of this disease in the literature have indicated a varying combination of clinical, biochemical, hematologic, anatomic and roentgenologic features to be present from case to case.1 2 3 4 5 The study and description of a larger number of cases should improve understanding of this interesting disease and its broad spectrum of manifestations. The case described below is presented because of its unusual features.Case ReportA 72-year-old retired wire worker was admitted to the hospital on September 6, 1960, because of pains, tingling and numbness in all four extremities, weakness, a 9.1-kg. (20-pound) weight loss, chronic productive cough and intermittent daily fever . . .
Results of the HepZero study comparing heparin-grafted membrane and standard care show that heparin-grafted dialyzer is safe and easy to use for heparin-free dialysis
Authors: Maurice Laville, Marc Dorval, Joan Fort Ros, Renaud Fay, Joëlle Cridlig, Joëlle L. Nortier, Laurent Juillard, Alicja Dębska-Ślizień, Loreto Fernández Lorente, Damien Thibaudin, Casper Franssen, Michael Schulz, Frédérique Moureau, Nathalie Loughraieb, Patrick Rossignol
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Conservation and Evolution in and among SRF- and MEF2-Type MADS Domains and Their Binding Sites
Authors: W. Wu, X. Huang, J. Cheng, Z. Li, S. de Folter, Z. Huang, X. Jiang, H. Pang, S. Tao
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

Serum response factor (SRF) and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) represent two types of members of the MCM1, AGAMOUS, DEFICIENS, and SRF (MADS)-box transcription factor family present in animals and fungi. Each type has distinct biological functions, which are reflected by the distinct specificities of the proteins bound to their cognate DNA-binding sites and activated by their respective cofactors. However, little is known about the evolution of MADS domains and their DNA-binding sites. Here, we report on the conservation and evolution of the two types of MADS domains with their cognate DNA-binding sites by using phylogenetic analyses. First, there are great similarities between the two types of proteins with amino acid positions highly conserved, which are critical for binding to the DNA sequence and for the maintenance of the 3D structure. Second, in contrast to MEF2-type MADS domains, distinct conserved residues are present at some positions in SRF-type MADS domains, determining specificity and the configuration of the MADS domain bound to DNA sequences. Furthermore, the ancestor sequence of SRF- and MEF2-type MADS domains is more similar to MEF2-type MADS domains than to SRF-type MADS domains. In the case of DNA-binding sites, the MEF2 site has a T-rich core in one DNA sequence and an A-rich core in the reverse sequence as compared with the SRF site, no matter whether where either A or T is present in the two complementary sequences. In addition, comparing SRF sites in the human and the mouse genomes reveals that the evolution rate of CArG-boxes is faster in mouse than in human. Moreover, interestingly, a CArG-like sequence, which is probably functionless, could potentially mutate to a functional CArG-box that can be bound by SRF and vice versa. Together, these results significantly improve our knowledge on the conservation and evolution of the MADS domains and their binding sites to date and provide new insights to investigate the MADS family, which is not only on evolution of MADS factors but also on evolution of their binding sites and even on coevolution of MADS factors with their binding sites.
Caring for Patients With Limited Health Literacy
Authors: Michael Paasche-Orlow
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Health literacy is the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand health information, skills, and services needed to make informed health decisions and take informed actions. Narratives from Mr J, a 76-year-old man with multiple medical problems and limited health literacy, and his physician exhibit some of the difficulties experienced by patients with limited health literacy. Clinicians can help patients with limited health literacy by removing unneeded complexity in their treatment regimens and in the health care system and by using teach-back methods to assess and improve understanding. Rather than a selective screening approach for limited health literacy, a patient-based universal precaution approach for confirming patient comprehension of critical self-care activities helps ensure that all patients have their health literacy needs identified.
The Cortisone Investigator
Authors: C. W. Buckley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1951)

This little booklet embodies the work of a committee of the British Medical Association under the chairmanship of Lord Horder, which being composed of Consultants, Spa practitioners, General practitioners, and observers from the Ministry of Health, was well equipped to investigate the subject impartially and to furnish a report which should prove useful to practitioners, free from advertisement while giving all necessary information.
Artifact on PET/CT Secondary to FDG Accumulation in a Vaginal Tampon
Authors: Eric J. Heffernan, Stephen J. Skehan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

FDG PET/CT imaging was performed to evaluate for recurrent disease in a 34-year-old woman with a background of malignant melanoma. Significant FDG accumulation was demonstrated in a vaginal tampon, a PET/CT artifact. FDG uptake in the endometrium during menstruation is well-recognized however.
The Chemical Philosophy: Paracelsian Science and Medicine in the 16th and 17th Centuries
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Until recently, historians of medicine regarded the 17th century as the battlefield in which Galenic medicine succumbed to the attacks of the mechanical philosophy. Early chemical doctrine got little attention in the standard texts. Paracelsus, that stormy figure of the early 16th century, had a bad name, and alchemy, although accepted as a precursor of modern chemistry, was deemed the refuge of woolly-headed mystics or downright frauds. Starting about 20 years ago, Walter Pagel did much to change this conventional view and to place Paracelsus into proper perspective. And for the past 15 years, Allen Debus, University of Chicago historian of science, strongly influenced by Pagel, has been studying the chemists of the 16th and 17th centuries (especially the followers of Paracelsus), their chemical and philosophical teachings, and the impact that they had on medical doctrine. Although a few chemists, such as van Helmont, Willis, or Sylvius, figure in all
Two new glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase variants associated with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia found in Japan: Gd(‐) tokushima and gd(‐) tokyo
Authors: Shiro Miwa, Junichiro Ono, Koji Nakashima, Shigenobu Abe, Takeshi Kageoka, Kenji Shinohara, Junichi Isobe, Hisomu Yamaguchi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1976)

Abstract Two new variants of glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency associated with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia were discovered in Japan. Gd(‐) Tokushima was found in a 17‐year‐old male whose erythrocytes contained 4.4% of normal enzyme activity. Partially purified enzyme revealed a main band of normal electrophoretic mobility with additional two minor bands of different mobility; normal Km G6P, and Km NADP five‐ to sixfold higher than normal; normal utilization of 2‐deoxy‐G6P, galactose‐6P, and deamino‐NADP; marked thermal instability; a normal pH curve; and normal Ki NADPH. The hemolytic anemia was moderate to severe. Gd(‐) Tokyo was characterized from a 15‐year‐old male who had chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia of mild degree. The erythrocytes contained 3% of normal enzyme activity, and partially purified enzyme revealed slow electrophoretic mobility (90% of normal for both a tris‐hydrochloride buffer system and a tris‐EDTA‐borate buffer system, and 70% of normal for a phosphate buffer system); normal Km G6P and Km NADP; normal utilization of 2‐deoxy‐G6P, galactose‐6P, and deamino‐NADP; greatly increased thermal instability; a normal pH curve; and normal Ki NADPH. These two variants are clearly different from hitherto described G6PD variants, including the Japanese variants Gd(‐) Heian and Gd(‐) Kyoto. The mothers of both Gd(‐) Tokushima and Gd(‐) Tokyo were found to be heterozygote by an ascorbate‐cyanide test.
Neonatal Umbilicus as a Source of Streptococcal Infections in a Maternity Unit
Authors: J. M. Boissard, B. Eton
Journal: BMJ (1956)

This is an account of an outbreak of streptococcal in- fection in a maternity ward where the immediate source of infection of a case of puerperal sepsis was in the ward nursery.While this does not seem to be un- common, it has not received the attention which it perhaps deserves.
Health Care Price Transparency and Economic Theory
Authors: Uwe E. Reinhardt
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE WASSERMANN REACTION AND KAHN TEST
Authors: F. Marsh
Journal: BMJ (1929)

DIRBJITIOUgeneral practice tlhani miglht be supposed, especially in view of the imlportance of mnakinig the inijectioni " tlheni and there " at the earliest p)ossibie miioiiment.6.That the early initial dose comiipletely aborts the attack in nearly every case, and that therefore if the treatmiienit be used in influenza epidemics oni a wlholesale scale and ecrly enouhgh it is the most valuable agent that we at lresent liave discovered for comibating these epidemics.7. That treatmenit admiiiiistei'ed at later stages, providing that the attack has niot existed for more tlhani forty-eight hours, considerably sholtens the durationi of the disease.8. That altltouglh miy lpresenit series of cases is too small to shov whlether the liability to comliplicatioins is reduceed, I certainly thinik that this will be proved to be the case.
Baculovirus Transduction of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: In Vitro Responses and In Vivo Immune Responses After Cell Transplantation
Authors: Ching Kuang Chuang, Tong Hong Wong, Shiaw Min Hwang, Yu Han Chang, Guan-Yu Chen, Yung Chung Chiu, Shiu Feng Huang, Yu Chen Hu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Baculovirus holds great promise for the genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, whether baculovirus transduction provokes undesired MSCs responses that might compromise their in vivo applications has yet to be examined. Hereby, we unraveled that baculovirus transduction of human MSCs upregulated the transcription of interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-α and IL-6, but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IFN-γ. However, only IL-6 secretion was detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Baculovirus transduction also stimulated transient, low level upregulation of human leukocyte antigen I (HLA-I) on the human MSCs surface, yet it did not either altered the HLA-II expression or impaired the MSCs ability to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation. After transplantation into allogeneic rats, the transduced rat MSCs elicited transient, mild macrophage responses, but the cells remained tolerant as judged by the persistence of transplanted cells and absence of CD8+ T cells infiltration. Besides, transplantation of the transduced MSCs did not provoke systemic induction of monocytes and CD8+ T cells. This study, for the first time, explores the responses of MSCs to virus transduction and confirms the safety of transplanting baculovirus-engineered MSCs into immunocompetent animals for cell-based gene therapy. Baculovirus holds great promise for the genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, whether baculovirus transduction provokes undesired MSCs responses that might compromise their in vivo applications has yet to be examined. Hereby, we unraveled that baculovirus transduction of human MSCs upregulated the transcription of interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-α and IL-6, but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IFN-γ. However, only IL-6 secretion was detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Baculovirus transduction also stimulated transient, low level upregulation of human leukocyte antigen I (HLA-I) on the human MSCs surface, yet it did not either altered the HLA-II expression or impaired the MSCs ability to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation. After transplantation into allogeneic rats, the transduced rat MSCs elicited transient, mild macrophage responses, but the cells remained tolerant as judged by the persistence of transplanted cells and absence of CD8+ T cells infiltration. Besides, transplantation of the transduced MSCs did not provoke systemic induction of monocytes and CD8+ T cells. This study, for the first time, explores the responses of MSCs to virus transduction and confirms the safety of transplanting baculovirus-engineered MSCs into immunocompetent animals for cell-based gene therapy.
ABC of breast diseases: Screening for breast cancer
Authors: R W Blamey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Lack of knowledge of the pathogenesis of breast cancer means that primary prevention is currently a distant prospect. Screening represents an alternative approach to try to reduce mortality from breast cancer.

The aim of screening is to detect breast cancer when it is small and before it has had the chance to spread

There is no evidence that clinical examination, breast ultrasonography, and teaching self examination of the breast are effective tools in screening for breast cancer. Randomised controlled trials have shown, however, that screening by mammography can significantly reduce mortality from breast cancer. Mortality can be reduced by up to 40% in women who attend for screening, and the benefit is greatest in women aged over 50. Recently published data from the combined Swedish trials showed an overall reduction in breast cancer mortality of 29% during 12 years of follow up in women aged over 50 who were invited to attend screening and a 13% reduction in younger women.

Screening tests should be simple to apply, cheap, easy to perform, easy and unambiguous to interpret, and able to identify women with disease and exclude those without disease. Mammography is expensive; it requires high technology machinery, special film and dedicated processing, and highly trained radiologists to interpret the films; and it detects only 95% of all breast cancers. It is, however, the best screening tool available for detecting breast cancer and is the only screening method for any malignancy which has been shown to be of value in randomised trials.



Summary of 7–12 years mortality data from randomised trials of breast cancer screening. Points and lines represent absolute change in mortality and confidence interval.



Over 70% of the target population must accept the invitation to participate if a screening programme is to significantly reduce mortality. If fewer participate the costs …
Epicardiac Radiofrequency Cardiac Pacemaker Implant
Authors: C. E. ANAGNOSTOPOULOS, WILLIAM W. L. GLENN, W. G. HOLCOMB, D. W. VAN HEECKEREN, James Hogan, Marvin Katz
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A newly designed epicardiac radiofrequency (RF) pacemaker implant is described. The technique allows for a possible two-month battery life and is more efficient and practical than previous RF epicardiac pacemakers. Preliminary studies on 20 animals show that stimulation with the conventional external RF unit, although difficult for prolonged periods in the canine (for anatomical reasons), is possible. Studies on electrode size and configuration were done, and the reasons for selecting a platinum peg electrode are discussed.
Social Origins of Distress and Disease: Depression, Neurasthenia, and Pain in Modern China
Authors: Paul Chodoff
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Neurasthenia (ironically, a Western import) is a common diagnosis in the Peoples' Republic of China, but in the United States it is no longer even included in<i>DSM-III</i>. Conversely, depression in various forms is probably the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric condition in the United States. Although it is recognized in the Peoples' Republic of China, it is an uncommon diagnosis. Building on this discrepancy, Arthur Kleinman, a psychiatrist and anthropologist, has constructed a wide-ranging discussion of the various ways in which human distress is configured in different social and cultural settings. The empirical center of the book is a study of 100 consecutive patients diagnosed at the Hunan Medical College as having neurasthenia. Of these, 93 met<i>DSM-III</i>criteria for depression, including 87 diagnosed as having a major depressive disorder. Does this mean that Western psychiatry has the answers and that the Chinese are ignorant or behind the times in
GATA2 zinc finger 1 mutations associated with biallelic CEBPA mutations define a unique genetic entity of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Philipp A. Greif, Annika Dufour, Nikola P. Konstandin, Bianka Ksienzyk, Evelyn Zellmeier, Belay Tizazu, Jutta Sturm, Tobias Benthaus, Tobias Herold, Marjan Yaghmaie, Petra Dörge, Karl-Peter Hopfner, Andreas Hauser, Alexander Graf, Stefan Krebs, Helmut Blum, Purvi M. Kakadia, Stephanie Schneider, Eva Hoster, Friederike Schneider, Martin Stanulla, Jan Braess, Maria Cristina Sauerland, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Thomas Büchner, Bernhard J. Woermann, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Karsten Spiekermann, Stefan K. Bohlander
Journal: Blood (2012)
THE INFLUENCE OF THYROIDECTOMY, SPLENECTOMY, GONADECTOMY, AND SUPRARENALECTOMY UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN RABBITS
Authors: Shepard Shapiro
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

Alimentary hypercholesterolemia acting over a sufficient period of time (in rabbits with all organs intact, 110 days or longer) causes deposition of cholesterol within the intima of the aorta. Deposition of cholesterol within the intima of the aorta initiates the formation of experimental atheromata. Thyroidectomy, splenectomy, and gonadectomy augment hypercholesterolemia and thereby facilitate and accelerate the development of experimental atheromata of the aorta in rabbits. Sublethal suprarenal insufficiency does not increase the susceptibility of rabbits to the development of such atheromata.
Cunningham's Textbook of Anatomy
Authors: David L. Bassett
Journal: JAMA (1964)

One of the best of the larger standard anatomic texts is<i>Cunningham's Textbook of Anatomy</i>, which now appears in its tenth edition. It has been rather extensively revised and reset in two-column format on larger pages. Two hundred seventeen new illustrations have been added and the old illustrations that have been retained have all been remade. New radiographs of high quality are found throughout the book. As in earlier editions, after an introductory section on human embryology, the coverage of the subject is systematic. The section on "Surface and Surgical Anatomy," a valuable part of previous editions, has been discontinued as a separate entity. Instead its contents have been scattered in various parts of the text. American anatomists will welcome the appearance of the newly revised (1960) Nomina Anatomica terminology in this volume. A special glossary has been prepared to indicate the changes made from the B.R. (Birmingham Revision) terminology
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BOKSMART INTERVENTION: THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, EDUCATION AND PERCEPTIONS AND INJURY PREVENTION BEHAVIOUR IN RUGBY UNION PLAYERS
Authors: J Brown, S Lubbe, M Lambert, W van Mechelen, E Verhagen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Rugby union (“rugby”) players have an above-average risk of injury compared to participants of other popular team sports. The BokSmart programme attempts to reduce injury risk in players through education of injury prevention practices. Objective To investigate whether correct knowledge, positive perceptions and education were associated with best-practice injury prevention behaviours in rugby players. Design A questionnaire was completed annually by tournament rugby players between 2008–2012. Chi-squared analyses and a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) map investigated associations between 18 behaviours and their corresponding knowledge, perception and education components. Setting Junior (under-18) and senior (adult) annual rugby tournaments players. Participants Of the 112 junior and 84 senior teams at the tournaments, 111 (99%, n=2279 players) and 81 (96%, n=1642 players) teams opted to complete the questionnaire. Assessment of risk Factors Relationship between knowledge, education and perceptions, and injury prevention behaviours for rugby. Main outcome measurements The assessed injury prevention behaviours were injury management (ice, compression, etc.) mouthguard use, warming-up/cooling down, practicing techniques (scrumming, tackling, rucking) and physical conditioning. Results The average age of players completing the questionnaire was 21±4 years. There was a significant (P&lt;.05) positive relationship between knowledge/education for all 18 behaviours. In contrast, players' perceptions of the efficacy of injury prevention behaviour did not correspond with their self-reported behaviour. These findings were confirmed visually with an MCA map. Conclusions The findings above imply that the BokSmart intervention may have been effective in changing behaviour through knowledge and education, but not through perceptions. To improve injury prevention behaviour, BokSmart should focus on improving knowledge and education of players. Future ‘true’ prospective studies should investigate the above relationships, in particular how much influence BokSmart has on player's education/knowledge.
Handbook of Physiology: A Critical, Comprehensive Presentation of Physiological Knowledge and Concepts, section 1: The Nervous System, vol 1: Cellular Biology of Neurons
Authors: Charles M. Poser
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Eighteen years have past since the section on the CNS in the<i>Handbook of Physiology</i>was published. The first two volumes dealing with the CNS have now appeared under the title of<i>Cellular Biology of Neurons</i>. This choice in itself reflects the growth of knowledge of neurophysiology as well as its extension into new realms that could certainly not have been predicted. The roster of contributors guarantees the quality of contents. These volumes clearly bear witness to the truly amazing discoveries that have been made possible by the introduction of a large number of new investigative techniques such as electron microscopy, freeze-fracture methods, tissue culture, tetrodotoxin-binding, and intracellular recording. While the previous emphasis on the biophysics of excitable membranes has not been lost, advances in the study of ultrastructure, biochemistry, and the pharmacology of neurotransmitters have considerably broadened the scope of what will undoubtedly become as much of a classic