tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STAGED PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN THE SYNTAX STUDY: THREE-YEAR OUTCOMES
Authors: Ted Feldman, Keith G. Oldroyd, Istvan Preda, David R. Holmes, Antonio Colombo, Marie-Claude Morice, Katrin Leadley, Keith D. Dawkins, Friedrich W. Mohr, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The Application of Three&amp;ndash;Dimensional Contrast&amp;ndash;Enhanced Ultrasound to Measure Volume of Affected Tissue after HIFU Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: J.P. Michiel Sedelaar, Ren&eacute; G. Aarnink, Geert J.L.H. van Leenders, Harrie P. Beerlage, Frans M.J. Debruyne, Hessel Wijkstra, Jean J.M.C.H. de la Rosette
Journal: European Urology (2000)
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase promotes neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation by inhibiting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 expression
Authors: L HAMMOUD, F XIANG, X LU, F BRUNNER, K LECO, Q FENG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Objective We have recently demonstrated that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation. However, mechanisms by which eNOS regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation are not fully understood. The goal of the present study was to investigate the role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) in eNOS-mediated cardiomyocyte proliferation. Methods and results Experiments were conducted in cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. TIMP-3 expression was significantly decreased in wild-type (WT) cardiomyocytes treated with an adenoviral eNOS (Ad-eNOS). Furthermore, TIMP-3 levels were significantly decreased in cardiomyocytes derived from eNOS transgenic mice. Conversely, TIMP-3 transcript levels were significantly elevated in eNOS−/− cardiomyocytes. The inhibitory effect of NO on TIMP-3 expression was dependent on S-nitrosylation of c-jun, a subunit of AP-1. Cell proliferation was increased in TIMP-3−/− cardiomyocytes while recombinant TIMP-3 decreased proliferation in both TIMP-3−/− and WT cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, the decline in proliferation observed in eNOS−/− cardiomyocytes was abrogated when TIMP-3 expression was blocked by an anti-TIMP-3 antibody. In vivo cardiomyocyte proliferation was assessed by Ki67 immunostaining on postnatal day 1 hearts. Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes were decreased in eNOS−/−, but increased in eNOS-Tg and TIMP-3−/− hearts compared to WT controls. Conclusions Our study suggests that eNOS promotes neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation by inhibiting TIMP-3 expression.
Pyrophosphate arthropathy: a study of metabolic associations and laboratory data.
Authors: G M Alexander, P A Dieppe, M Doherty, D G Scott
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

105 consecutive patients with pyrophosphate arthropathy have been studied. Disease associations and metabolic abnormalities were compared with those of an age and sex matched group of 105 acute medical admissions, and with 48 patients presenting with uncomplicated osteoarthritis. Patients with pyrophosphate arthropathy had a higher incidence of hypothyroidism (10, hyperparathyroidism 92), and chronic steroid therapy (15) than did those in the comparative groups. Laboratory data showed abnormalities suggesting chronic inflammatory disease in many patients, but no other unexpected metabolic findings. Metabolic abnormalities were uncommon in pyrophosphate arthropathy, and extensive metabolic screening of patients was unrewarding.
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients With Transcatheter Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Thorsten Nusser, Martin Höher, Nico Merkle, Olaf C. Grebe, Jochen Spiess, Hans A. Kestler, Volker Rasche, Matthias Kochs, Vinzenz Hombach, Jochen Wöhrle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Intensive Review of Internal Medicine
Authors: J. William Hollingsworth
Journal: JAMA (1984)

For $425, a physician receives a two-volume, soft-cover publication of a series of carefully edited lectures, with good illustrations of slides that were used in the original verbal presentations. The lecture topics represent standard reviews of a segment of a medical subspecialty, but there is some selected updating of such topics as pulmonary embolism and the use of the calcium channel-blocking drugs. In addition to the two books with their illustrations, the purchaser receives a box containing 32 tapes. A professional actor gives a verbatim reading of the two books, including comments on the slides and illustrations that so abundantly accompany each topic (from ten to 40 illustrations per topic or on each side of the 90-minute tape). Therefore, use of the total package would involve lying or sitting while listening to the tape, following the text in the accompanying book, and looking at the illustrations as they are cited.
Treatment of Deep Cartilage Defects in the Knee with Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation
Authors: Mats Brittberg, Anders Lindahl, Anders Nilsson, Claes Ohlsson, Olle Isaksson, Lars Peterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Full-thickness defects of articular cartilage in the knee have a poor capacity for repair. They may progress to osteoarthritis and require total knee replacement. We performed autologous chondrocyte transplantation in 23 people with deep cartilage defects in the knee.
Bowenoid Papulosis-Reply
Authors: Mitchell E. Bender
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The authors have considered the comments by Drs Wade and Ackerman, and we agree with them that the lesions we described as "pigmented penile papules"<sup>1</sup>are possibly similar to "bowenoid papulosis."<sup>2</sup>While there is no evidence for a transition of these lesions into microinvasive carcinoma, the possibility that some invasive carcinoma of the genitalia originate from these types of lesions cannot be ruled out on theoretical grounds. We regret that the article by Drs Wade and Ackerman was quoted incorrectly; our article should have read "histologically" rather than "clinically" when their presentation was cited.
Acetylcholine, Bradykinin, Opioids, and Phenylephrine, but not Adenosine, Trigger Preconditioning by Generating Free Radicals and Opening Mitochondrial K <sub>ATP</sub> Channels
Authors: Michael V. Cohen, Xi-Ming Yang, Guang S. Liu, Gerd Heusch, James M. Downey
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

It has been assumed that all G(i)-coupled receptors trigger the protective action of preconditioning by means of an identical intracellular signaling pathway. To test this assumption, rabbit hearts were isolated and perfused with Krebs buffer. All hearts were subjected to a 30-minute coronary artery occlusion followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. Risk area was measured with fluorescent particles and infarct size with triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Control hearts showed 29.1+/-2.8% infarction of the risk zone. A 5-minute infusion of acetylcholine (0.55 mmol/L) beginning 15 minutes before the 30-minute occlusion resulted in significant protection (9.2+/-2.7% infarction). This protection could be blocked by administration of 300 micromol/L N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine (MPG), a free radical scavenger, or by 200 micromol/L 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD), a mitochondrial K(ATP) antagonist, for 15 minutes beginning 5 minutes before the acetylcholine infusion (35.2+/-3.9% and 27.8+/-2.4% infarction, respectively). Similar protection was observed with other known triggers, ie, bradykinin (0.4 micromol/L), morphine (0.3 micromol/L), and phenylephrine (0.1 micromol/L), and in each case protection was completely abrogated by either MPG or 5-HD. In contrast, protection by adenosine or its analog N(6)-(2-phenylisopropyl) adenosine could not be blocked by either MPG or 5-HD. Therefore, whereas most of the tested agonists trigger protection by a pathway that requires opening of mitochondrial K(ATP) channels and production of free radicals, the protective action of adenosine is not dependent on either of these steps. Hence, it cannot be assumed that all G(i)-coupled receptors use the same signal transduction pathways to trigger preconditioning.
Feasibility Study of Particle-Assisted Laser Ablation of Brain Tumors in Orthotopic Canine Model
Authors: Jon A. Schwartz, Anil M. Shetty, Roger E. Price, R. Jason Stafford, James C. Wang, Rajesh K. Uthamanthil, Kevin Pham, Roger J. McNichols, Chris L. Coleman, J. Donald Payne
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

We report on a pilot study showing a proof of concept for the passive delivery of nanoshells to an orthotopic tumor where they induce a local, confined therapeutic response distinct from that of normal brain resulting in the photothermal ablation of canine transmissible venereal tumor (cTVT) in a canine brain model. cTVT fragments grown in severe combined immunodeficient mice were successfully inoculated in the parietal lobe of immunosuppressed, mixed-breed hound dogs. A single dose of near-IR (NIR)-absorbing, 150-nm nanoshells was infused i.v. and allowed time to passively accumulate in the intracranial tumors, which served as a proxy for an orthotopic brain metastasis. The nanoshells accumulated within the intracranial cTVT, suggesting that its neovasculature represented an interruption of the normal blood-brain barrier. Tumors were thermally ablated by percutaneous, optical fiber-delivered, NIR radiation using a 3.5-W average, 3-minute laser dose at 808 nm that selectively elevated the temperature of tumor tissue to 65.8 +/- 4.1 degrees C. Identical laser doses applied to normal white and gray matter on the contralateral side of the brain yielded sublethal temperatures of 48.6 +/- 1.1 degrees C. The laser dose was designed to minimize thermal damage to normal brain tissue in the absence of nanoshells and compensate for variability in the accumulation of nanoshells in tumor. Postmortem histopathology of treated brain sections showed the effectiveness and selectivity of the nanoshell-assisted thermal ablation.
Care for the Hopelessly III
Authors: Lawrence H. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I am writing in response to the article in the Jan 15 issue on care for the hopelessly ill.<sup>1</sup>I am struck by the small number of patients who were treated at home. I would hope a comprehensive supportive care team would, in addition to the excellent service that is well described in the article, view home care as an adjunct and enhancement of medical care. If, indeed, nutritional support has been withheld and the patient is a candidate for "do not resuscitate" status, there are several advantages offered by home care. The elusive "quality of life" factor is always hard to delineate in a comatose patient, so, by default, we usually apply this phrase to the family. If the family agrees and has the resources—personal, social, and financial—home care can enhance the care and caring for the family unit. Families often respond by saying, "Grandma
Hepatitis B and medical student admission
Authors: A M L Lever
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Recently published guidelines from the Department of Health have focused attention on protecting staff and patients from hepatitis B virus.1 Pre-employment screening of staff who undertake invasive procedures (such as surgeons and obstetricians) is being implemented.

This week the Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals has issued guidelines for universities on the fitness of students to practise medicine and dentistry in relation to hepatitis B virus. The guidelines recommend that all applicants for medical and dental courses should be screened for the virus and antibody before entry to medical and dental schools and be immunised where necessary. Students accepted for such courses will have to provide certificates of immunisation and immunity on registration. Students who are virus carriers and infectious will be excluded from the clinical stages of their courses. They will be counselled and advised on the implications for their future careers and on transfers to appropriate alternative courses.2

This goes too far. All medical students should certainly be routinely immunised against hepatitis B …
DEFECTS OF WILL FEOM A MEDICAL STANDPOINT.
Authors: HOWELL T. PERSHING
Journal: JAMA (1905)

At first my subject may seem too intangible to be of importance in practical medicine; but one has only to think of his cases of alcoholism to realize that complete recovery or absolute ruin may be determined by the operation of the patient's will. Analogous cases in which a morbid appetite needs control at once suggest themselves, and when we further recall the many disturbances of voluntary action from which hysteric and neurasthenic patients may suffer the great importance of the subject is manifest. But, granting the desirability of remedying defects of will, some may ask whether we have any definite knowledge of the nature of volition and of its defects, such as a physician can utilize in the actual treatment of patients. I am convinced that there is a great and growing fund of such knowledge which, if carefully considered by any physician, will help him to be a
Impotence in diabetic and non-diabetic hospital outpatients.
Authors: D K McCulloch, I W Campbell, F C Wu, B Clarke, R J Prescott
Journal: BMJ (1980)

radioactivity of the free amino-acid.At best this omission leaves the interpretation of the results in doubt; at worst it can lead to severely misleading conclusions.Our own studies, and those of others, have shown that protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, which contributes 25-50% of total body synthesis in man,' is acutely sensitive to food absorption2 and to the concentration of amino-acids and insulin.3We do not dispute that the available methods for measuring whole-body protein turnover may not be ideal.Indeed, we have spent considerable time and effort in analysing possible sources of error and in comparing different approaches with 15N and 14C.4 5 The conclusion that amino-acids are retained in the body during food absorption can be made from simple nitrogen balance experiments and also from more sophisticated studies with L-4C-leucine.6The latter technique has also been used to show that rates of protein metabolism do not alter during the day and night if the food intake is maintained constant throughout.7 Dr Adam and Professor Oswald may argue that stored amino-acids are retained in the free amino-acid pool of the tissues, rather than as protein, but this appears to us to be highly unlikely.The total body pool of free leucine is quite small compared with the daily intake from dietary sources,8 and the period of measurement (12 hours) allows plenty of time for re-equilibration after a change of intake.In concluding that protein turnover is sensitive to food intake we have been par- ticularly concerned with validating methods and with verifying results by using several different techniques both in man and in animals.
582. CNS Gene Delivery Targeting CCR3 Protects Brain Microglia from HIV-1
Authors: Lokesh Agrawal, David S. Strayer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) requires virus binding to human CD4 plus a coreceptor. CCR5 and CXCR4, are the primary coreceptors used by most HIV-1 isolates. The eotaxin receptor (CCR3) has also been implicated as a coreceptor for HIV infection, particularly in the microglial cells of the brain. This study focuses on the role of CCR3 in CNS HIV-1 infection and therefore as a target for manipulation gene transfer. Two approaches were applied to targeting CCR3. First an anti- CCR3 hybridoma, 5E8-G9-B4, was used to develop a single chain antibody (SFv) that contained the immunoglobulin variable heavy (VH) and variable light (VL) chain. Using overlapping RT-PCR techniques with hybridoma mRNAs, the two V region coding sequences, separated by a flexible hinge region, were cloned into a mammalian expression vector. We also tested a panel of interfering RNA's designed to target a sequence shared by mouse and human CCR3 transcripts. Both approaches were used to test the effectiveness of CCR3 downregulation and consequent protection from M-tropic strains of HIV-1. Cells were treated by adding soluble siRNAs and by transfecting with an expression construct carrying the SFv cDNA. Transfection efficiencies were measured using a marker gene. Of a panel of CCR3 siRNAs, R3-526, and SFv addition to cultures resulted in 60-80% decrease in CCR3 expression when tested in U87.CD4.CCR3 cells, primary human microglia derived from fetal brain and monocyte derived macrophages (MDM). CCR3 downregulation was measured using FACS and immunostaining. Both the SFv and siRNA also significantly decreased (>70%) productive HIV-1 infection, as measured by p24 HIV infection in microglia cells when tested using two different CCR3-tropic HIV-1 isolates: HIV-1ADA and a primary brain isolate. Strains of HIV-1 that utilize only CCR5 as a coreceptor were not inhibited. Because of their effectiveness in transducing microglial cells, rSV40 vectors carrying these moieties are being prepared. Studies involving transduction of these anti-CCR3 moieties, both to assess their effectiveness in downregulating CCR3 and protecting from CCR3- tropic strains of HIV-1, are in progress. Since CCR3 and CCR5 are expressed by microglial cells, therapies targeting both may be needed in treating CNS AIDS. Utilization of CCR3 by these HIV-1 isolates and their susceptibility to inhibition by anti-CCR3 siRNA and SFv in primary brain microglia/macrophages may both help clarify the role of CCR3 as a coreceptor in CNS establishing HIV-1 and provide useful therapeutic insights.
Defining the Probability that a Cell Therapy Will Produce a Malignancy
Authors: Darwin J Prockop
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Cell therapies have tremendous potential, but there is a 700-pound gorilla in the room: the risk that the cells can produce malignancies. The concerns about the gorilla were highlighted by reports1,2,3 of malignant transformation in culture of the adult stem/progenitor cells referred to as mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). These reports cast a shadow over the 100 or more clinical trials with MSCs currently being contemplated or in progress (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Specificity of Heteroantisera to Human Acute Leukemia-Associated Antigens
Authors: Michael A. Baker, K. Ramachandar, Robert N. Taub
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Antisera have been raised to human leukemic blast cells from individual patients in mice rendered tolerant with cyclophosphamide to remission leukocytes from the same individual. 10 antisera were raised against acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells and 5 antisera were raised against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. Antisera to AML cells were absorbed with ALL cells, and antisera to ALL cells were absorbed with AML cells. Unabsorbed and absorbed antisera as well as antisera raised in nontolerant mice were tested for cytotoxicity against various cells of a panel containing myeloblasts from 35 patients with AML, lymphoblasts from 7 patients with ALL, myeloblasts from 7 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast crisis, peripheral blood leukocytes from 12 patients with acute leukemia in remission and 30 nonleukemic patients, and nucleated bone marrow cells from 10 nonleukemic patients. Unabsorbed antisera to AML or ALL cells raised in tolerant mice were highly cytotoxic to leukemic blasts cells but significantly less cytotoxic to remission and control cells. Antisera to AML cells absorbed with ALL cells retained measurable cytotoxicity against AML cells but were not cytotoxic to ALL cells or control cells. Similarly, antisera to ALL cells absorbed with AML cells retained significant cytotoxicity only to ALL cells. Control antisera raised in nontolerant mice were cytotoxic to all cells tested. Although species specific, histocompatibility, differentiation, maturation, and cell cycle-associated antigens may be responsible in part for the cytotoxic activity of the unabsorbed antisera, the absorbed antisera are probably detecting antigens specific for their leukemic cell type.
Notes from a Cafeteria
Authors: HARRY CLARKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Ad Libitum1 September 1980Notes from a CafeteriaHARRY CLARKE, M.D.HARRY CLARKE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-3-505 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThrough my physician's eye I define many problemsProblems of fabric, problems of designIf the fabric cannot withstand the stressIs it not the problem of the engineer?In this case the Engineer believing Himself above criticismLeaves it to His creation to improve itselfShow me a systems analyst so smug!Day one of the Genesiac seven was the ideaDays two to six were the fashioningOn the seventh day He rested?Like HellOn day seven He decreed three score years and tenThen programmed the system to ignore the directiveGiven that the edict be... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1980Volume 93, Issue 3Page: 505-505KeywordsEngineers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Left ventricular hypertrophy in rats with biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Javier Inserte, Antonia Perelló, Luis Agulló, Marisol Ruiz-Meana, Klaus-Dieter Schlüter, Noelia Escalona, Mariona Graupera, Jaume Bosch, David Garcia-Dorado
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Portal hypertension induces neuroendocrine activation and a hyperkinetic circulation state. This study investigated the consequences of portal hypertension on heart structure and function. Intrahepatic portal hypertension was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats by chronic bile duct ligation (CBDL). Six weeks later, CBDL rats showed higher plasma angiotensin–II and endothelin–1 ( P &lt; .01), 56% reduction in peripheral resistance and 73% reduction in pulmonary resistance ( P &lt; .01), 87% increase in cardiac index and 30% increase in heart weight ( P &lt; .01), and increased myocardial nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. In CBDL rats, macroscopic analysis demonstrated a 30% ( P &lt; .01) increase in cross–sectional area of the left ventricular (LV) wall without changes in the LV cavity or in the right ventricle (RV). Histomorphometric analysis revealed increased cell width (12%, P &lt; .01) of cardiomyocytes from the LV of CBDL rats, but no differences in myocardial collagen content. Myocytes isolated from the LV were wider (12%) and longer (8%) than right ventricular myocytes ( P &lt; .01) in CBDL rats but not in controls. CBDL rats showed an increased expression of ANF and CK–B genes ( P &lt; .01). Isolated perfused CBDL hearts showed pressure/end–diastolic pressure curves and response to isoproterenol identical to sham hearts, although generated wall tension was reduced because of the increased wall thickness. Coronary resistance was markedly reduced. This reduction was abolished by inhibition of NO synthesis with N –nitro–L–arginine. Expression of eNOS was increased in CBDL hearts. In conclusion, portal hypertension associated to biliary cirrhosis induces marked LV hypertrophy and increased myocardial NO synthesis without detectable fibrosis or functional impairment. This observation could be relevant to patients with cirrhosis.
Routine Screening of Umbilical Cord Blood for Sickle Cell Diseases
Authors: Howard A. Pearson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A routine study of umbilical cord blood specimens by acid agar gel hemoglobin electrophoresis has been shown to be a feasible and an inexpensive screening procedure with a relatively high rate of detection of serious abnormalities. Eight of 756 black and Puerto Rican newborns screened during one year at the Yale-New Haven Hospital had major sickling hemoglobinopathies. Identification of affected infants should permit anticipation and, hopefully, prevention of major catastrophic complications that contribute to the high mortality for sickle cell diseases in the first years of life.