tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Second primary lung cancer: importance of long term follow up.
Authors: P C van Bodegom, S S Wagenaar, B Corrin, J P Baak, J Berkel, R G Vanderschueren
Journal: Thorax (1989)

Review of histopathological and clinical data showed that 153 patients at one hospital developed a second primary lung cancer during 1980-6, 10% of all those with lung carcinoma. There were 64 synchronous tumours (interval less than one year) and 89 metachronous tumours (interval over one year). The average interval between metachronous tumours was 6.1 years. The criteria for diagnosing a second primary lung cancer were any of the following: (1) different histological type; (2) different lobe; (3) interval between the two tumours of at least three years. The incidence of second primary tumours increases with survival, and close follow up is required for their early detection.
Environmental Phthalate Exposure and the Odds of Preterm Birth
Authors: Shanna H. Swan
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase inducibility and clinical response to isotretinoin in patients with acne
Authors: Frank Wang, Heh Shin R. Kwak, Nada Elbuluk, Anya L. Kaczmarek, Ted Hamilton, John J. Voorhees, Gary J. Fisher, Sewon Kang
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
Smoking habits of ethnic groups lead to higher risk of heart disease
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Smoking, one of the many increased risk factors for coronary heart disease, is much higher among Black Caribbean, Bangladeshi, and Irish men than in the general population for England, according to the British Heart Foundation's latest statistics on coronary heart disease. And Bangladeshi men are at the highest risk of all because of their smoking habit.

The proportion of Irish women smoking is also higher than the general female population, putting them at greater risk too.



The ethnic …
A UNIQUE SYMPTOM OBSERVED BUT ONCE IN SEVEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY CASES OF MAJOR TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
Authors: Charles H. Frazier
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Major trigeminal neuralgia, often called tic douloureux, usually can be distinguished without difficulty from other forms of neuralgia. The mere recounting of the tale of woe by the patient is sufficient; often no questions need be asked by the examiner. The disease is constant in its expression if in nothing else. In my clinic or office I have the records of 760 cases, and in but one of these have I any account of the symptom here described. The patient was brought to my clinic at the University Hospital by Dr. J. M. Beffel of Milwaukee. Dr. Beffel told me he had noticed that<i>while asleep</i>the patient grabbed his cheek, as he was wont to do during the paroxysms when he was awake. Not only did he clutch his cheek, but there was a spasm of the facial muscles often seen in the paroxysms. He was under observation for
Anti-Pituitary Antibodies and Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in Type 2 Diabetes: In Search of a Role
Authors: Giuseppe Bellastella, Maria Ida Maiorino, Laura Olita, Annamaria De Bellis, Dario Giugliano, Katherine Esposito
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Subnormal testosterone concentrations have been found in 25% of men with type 2 diabetes in association with inappropriately low luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations (1), which suggests that the primary defect may be at the hypothalamo-hypophyseal level. Circulating anti-pituitary antibodies (APAs) were first detected by Kobayashi et al. (2) in sera from 91 patients with type 2 diabetes at a relatively high frequency (24.2%). Thus far, a possible role of pituitary autoimmunity in diabetic patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) has never been investigated.

Ninety-five consecutive male patients with type 2 diabetes and aged >35 years were recruited among those attending the Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases at the Second University of Naples from September 2010 to September 2012. Patients with severe obesity (BMI >35 kg/m2) were excluded. The diagnosis of isolated HH included a serum testosterone level <12.0 nmol/L, normal or low gonadotropin concentrations, and symptoms and signs of androgen deficiency. Erectile dysfunction was diagnosed …
Hemodynamic changes during hemodialysis: Role of nitric oxide and endothelin
Authors: Dominic S.C. Raj, Brad Vincent, Keith Simpson, Etsuro Sato, Kimberly L. Jones, Tomas C. Welbourne, Moshe Levi, Vallabh Shah, Pedro Blandon, Philip Zager, Richard A. Robbins
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Anna Wieckowska, Arthur J. McCullough, Ariel E. Feldstein
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. It currently affects approximately 30% of adults and 10% of children in the United States. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of conditions ranging from simple fatty liver which in general follows a benign nonprogressive clinical course, to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is a more serious form of NAFLD that may progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. At present, a liver biopsy remains the only reliable way to diagnose NASH and establish the presence of fibrosis. Current noninvasive clinically available tests lack accuracy and reliability. In light of the dramatic increase in the prevalence of NAFLD in conjunction with the significant research effort in developing novel therapies for patients with NASH, noninvasive, simple, reproducible, and reliable biomarkers are greatly needed. They will not only help in the diagnosis of NASH, but also be useful for assessment of treatment response and prognosis and remain a research priority in the NAFLD field.
Patient Safety Efforts Should Focus on Medical Errors
Authors: Robert A. McNutt
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OXYGEN TENT THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF ECLAMPSIA
Authors: ROY E. NICODEMUS
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Vast strides have been made and much has been accomplished in the last decade to reduce the incidence of the toxemias of pregnancy, especially the severest form, eclampsia. This complication of pregnancy may be said to be the end result of the unrecognized, or perhaps the untreated, milder form of the toxemias. The nationwide maternal welfare program in effect during the past ten years is perhaps largely responsible and deserves a good share of the credit for the lowered incidence of this gravest of all complications of pregnancy. This program has stressed the necessity of early and frequent periodic antepartum examinations throughout pregnancy, together with the importance of recognizing in its earliest stage any beginning hypertension, albuminuria, edema or abnormal gain in weight. This campaign has borne fruit and has done much to make the physician "toxemia conscious" and the patient "antepartum examination conscious." However, the fact remains that in
Lymphoma of the Thyroid
Authors: JOEL I. HAMBURGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

In 24 of 30 patients with lymphoma of the thyroid, the diagnosis was made preoperatively or without surgery; undifferentiated or poorly differentiated carcinoma was suspected in 3 other patients. Thirteen patients were under 60 years of age; 7 were under 40. An increase in the ratio of men to women was seen among younger patients. At presentation, a discrete nodule was found in 19 patients, and multinodular or diffuse goiters in 11. Seventy-six percent of patients with solitary nodules had enlargement of extranodular tissue. Imaging showed "cold" nodules, cold areas in diffuse goiters, or patchy uptake. Nine patients had obstructive complaints; 12 patients had subnormal thyroid function; 24 patients had coexistent Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Lymphoma of the thyroid was suggested by fine-needle biopsy results in 17 of 28 patients (undifferentiated carcinoma was suspected in 2); and by large-needle biopsy results in 21 of 23 (undifferentiated or poorly differentiated carcinoma was suspected in 2). Biopsy of diffuse Hashimoto's goiters is indicated for cold imaging defects, enlarging tender goiter, or goiter enlarging on thyroid hormone. Early diagnosis may improve prognosis for lymphoma of the thyroid, so that surgery or chemotherapy can be avoided.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria — Important or Not?
Authors: Lindsay E. Nicolle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The introduction of quantitative urine cultures in the mid-1950s coincided with the introduction and widespread use of antimicrobial drugs. The first studies of quantitative urine bacteriology, in fact, included a diverse group of asymptomatic patients — medical outpatients, patients with diabetes, pregnant women, women with cystoceles, and patients with indwelling catheters.1 Widespread application of a standardized microbiologic definition of asymptomatic urinary infection (≥105 colony-forming units of an organism per milliliter in two consecutive urine specimens) revealed that positive urine cultures were common in the absence of symptoms. This was at a time when urinary infection was considered to be an . . .
Regulation of lipogenesis by cyclin-dependent kinase 8–mediated control of SREBP-1
Authors: Xiaoping Zhao, Daorong Feng, Qun Wang, Arian Abdulla, Xiao-Jun Xie, Jie Zhou, Yan Sun, Ellen S. Yang, Lu-Ping Liu, Bhavapriya Vaitheesvaran, Lauren Bridges, Irwin J. Kurland, Randy Strich, Jian-Quan Ni, Chenguang Wang, Johan Ericsson, Jeffrey E. Pessin, Jun-Yuan Ji, Fajun Yang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Altered lipid metabolism underlies several major human diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, lipid metabolism pathophysiology remains poorly understood at the molecular level. Insulin is the primary stimulator of hepatic lipogenesis through activation of the SREBP-1c transcription factor. Here we identified cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) and its regulatory partner cyclin C (CycC) as negative regulators of the lipogenic pathway in Drosophila, mammalian hepatocytes, and mouse liver. The inhibitory effect of CDK8 and CycC on de novo lipogenesis was mediated through CDK8 phosphorylation of nuclear SREBP-1c at a conserved threonine residue. Phosphorylation by CDK8 enhanced SREBP-1c ubiquitination and protein degradation. Importantly, consistent with the physiologic regulation of lipid biosynthesis, CDK8 and CycC proteins were rapidly downregulated by feeding and insulin, resulting in decreased SREBP-1c phosphorylation. Moreover, overexpression of CycC efficiently suppressed insulin and feeding–induced lipogenic gene expression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CDK8 and CycC function as evolutionarily conserved components of the insulin signaling pathway in regulating lipid homeostasis.
Respiratory Studies in Paralytic Poliomyelitis
Authors: R. B. Bourdillon, E. Davies-Jones, F. D. Stott, L. M. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1950)

_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EIA ORA completely; the soft tissue surrounding the explant grew as vigorously as in the controls cultivated in normal medium.The same results were produced by similar concentrations of an alcoholic extract of avoleum, a commercial preparation rich in vitamin A, made from liver.Similar concentrations of vitamin A obtained by using plasma from fowls fed on a diet rich in the vitamin had a much less drastic effect on the explants.We are indebted to
THAT TAX ON OLEOMARGARIN
Authors: Louis J. Belknap
Journal: JAMA (1918)

ABSTRACT To the Editor: —Kindly permit me a brief space to say a word concerning oleo. I have been a reader of The Journal for twenty-five years and have not seen anything in its pages which has so stirred my blood as your editorial, January 19. You say: Without milk in the kitchen, the American housewife would be confronted with unanticipated difficulties in the technic of food preparation. For this reason the dairyman is urged to speed up the production of milk. The housewife you admonish to be conservative in the use of milk in order that our children may be properly nourished. The New York Times, from which you quote as against the tax of 10 cents per pound on colored oleomargarin is probably paid a good sum, as are many others, for espousing the cause of the butter substitute.Again you say: If the legitimate substitutes for butter were
Abstract A14: Transforming growth factor beta signaling regulates the fate of intestinal stem cells
Authors: Jared M. Fischer, Ashleigh Miller, Peter P. Calabrese, Darryl Shibata, R Michael Liskay
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Transforming growth factor beta signaling has important roles in stem cell behavior, differentiation, cell motility, cell cycle and apoptosis. Here, we have utilized a novel mouse model that facilitates the sporadic inactivation of TgfβR2 via frameshift reversion of Cre in single, isolated cells and concomitant lineage tracing with a Cre-reporter. Short-term lineage tracing of TgfβR2-deficient crypts revealed reduced expansion suggesting a growth disadvantage among crypts. In contrast, long-term lineage tracing of TgfβR2-deficient crypts revealed an increased number suggesting a growth advantage within the crypt. To reconcile these apparently contradictory findings, we studied the dynamics of proliferative, Lgr5+ stem cells following TgfβR2 loss. We found that TgfβR2-deficient stem cell lineages required more time to reach monoclonality within the crypt. Using mathematical modeling of stem cell neutral drift, we found that increased “stemness” or a greater probability of a self-renewing asymmetrical outcome for TgfβR2-deficient stem cells was more consistent with our experimental results. Further analysis of TgfβR2-deficient stem cells in vivo revealed a decreased production of Paneth cells, a finding we corroborated in cultured intestinal organoids by treating with either a TgfβR1/2 inhibitor or low levels of the Tgfβ1 ligand. Recent studies by others suggested that quiescent stem cells are intermediaries between proliferative Lgr5+ stem cells and Paneth cells and that Tgfβ signaling is important in the formation of quiescent stem cells in other tissues. Therefore, we are currently asking whether Tgfβ signaling is important in the formation of quiescent stem cells in the intestine. Citation Format: Jared M. Fischer, Ashleigh Miller, Peter P. Calabrese, Darryl Shibata, R Michael Liskay. Transforming growth factor beta signaling regulates the fate of intestinal stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A14.
Can MRI substitute for biopsy in eosinophilic fasciitis?
Authors: M Ronneberger, R Janka, G Schett, B Manger
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

<h3>Background and Aims</h3> Spontaneously breathing patients undergoing procedures under regional anesthesia can expose operating room personnel to infectious agents. The use of localized negative pressure within proximity of a patient's airway is expected to reduce the amount of bioaerosols dispersed particularly for anesthesia staff who are frequently near the patient's airway. <h3>Methods</h3> In the experiment, aerosols were produced using a polydisperse aerosol generator with nebulized saline. A portable negative pressure unit was set up at set distances of 10 and 30 cm with the aim of reducing aerosol particle counts detected by a laser-based particle counter. <h3>Results</h3> Without the portable negative pressure unit, the median concentration of 0.5 µm aerosols detected was 3128 (1533, 22832) particles/ft<sup>3</sup>/min. With the portable negative pressure unit 10 cm and 30cm from the site of aerosol emittance, the median concentration compared to background concentration was -0.5 (-8,8) particles/ft<sup>3</sup>/min and 398 (89, 1749) particles/ft<sup>3</sup>/min, respectively. For particle concentrations of 0.5 µm, 0.7 µm, and 1.0 µm a significant amount of aerosol reduction was observed (p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> PNP units have the potential to mitigate risks for all operating room staff as spontaneously ventilating patients with infectious diseases of the airway can contaminate the environment. As expected the effectiveness of the aerosol particle reduction is dependent on the distance between the PNP unit and the aerosol generating site. Further experiments are warranted to assess the safety of staff when encountering a potentially infectious patient in the operating room.
The Long and Short of a Constipation-Reducing Medication
Authors: Arthur J. Moss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In this issue of the Journal, Camilleri et al.1 report on their 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prucalopride in the treatment of chronic constipation (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00483886). The authors clearly document the efficacy of prucalopride in improving bowel function and quality of life in the 411 patients who received the drug, as compared with 209 patients who received placebo.However, there is concern about a potential cardiac risk associated with this constipation-reducing drug. Prucalopride is a prokinetic 5-hydroxytryptamine4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist similar in function to cisapride and tegaserod, two constipation-reducing . . .
Metabolism of Circulating Disaccharides in Man and the Rat *
Authors: Elliot Weser, Marvin H. Sleisenger, Marjorie Dickstein, Fitz H. Bartley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

The metabolism of circulating disaccharides was studied in adult humans and rats. After iv infusions of 10 g of either lactose, sucrose, or maltose in four adults, no rise in blood glucose was noted. A mean of 8.7+/-1.89 g of the lactose and 6.3+/-1.39 g of the sucrose was excreted in the 24-hour urine sample. Only 0.11+/-0.03 g of the infused maltose was recovered in the urine, suggesting that the maltose was metabolized.After injection of (14)C-labeled lactose and sucrose in rats, 6.2+/-2.7 and 7.6+/-2.4%, respectively, was oxidized to (14)CO(2) in 24 hours; 62.1+/-13.5 and 68.4+/-10.8% of the respective disaccharides was excreted into the urine. Conversely, after injection of (14)C-labeled maltose 54.6+/-7.0% was oxidized to (14)CO(2) and 4.8+/-3.9% excreted in the urine. The per cent of maltose oxidized to CO(2) was similar to that of glucose. In addition to small intestinal mucosa, homogenates of rat kidney, brain, and liver as well as serum were found to have measurable maltase activities. The role of these tissue maltases in the metabolism of circulating maltose and maltosyloligosaccharides is discussed.
1119 QUANTIFYING THE EXTENT OF CIRRHOSIS ATTRIBUTABLE TO ALCOHOL AMONG PATIENTS CHRONICALLY INFECTED WITH HEPATITIS C: IMPLICATIONS FOR TREATMENT COST-EFFECTIVENESS STUDIES
Authors: H.A. Innes, S.J. Hutchinson, W. Amanda, J.F. Dillon, D.J. Goldberg, P.R. Mills, J. Morris, A. Stanley, P. Hayes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Consciousness, Awareness and Pain in General Anaesthesia
Authors: Tod Sloan
Journal: JAMA (1988)

"Throughout the operation I was aware of terrible pain—the anaesthetic was apparently sufficient to keep me from moving or giving any sign of consciousness but not block any pain. I told my GP and also the doctor in the hospital. They just nodded but seemed not to take any notice." This quotation, taken from a patient who underwent a cesarean section, is presented in a fascinating book entitled<i>Consciousness, Awareness and Pain in General Anaesthesia</i>. Her comments typify the problem that anesthesiologists must face and which was addressed in a two-day workshop held in Cardiff, United Kingdom, in June 1986. Subsequent to that workshop, this book was prepared by many of the participants to share their respective expertise as enhanced by the interaction the workshop afforded. The book is composed of 23 chapters authored by 26 individuals from the United States, United Kingdom, and several other European countries. The diversity