tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Cabalist: Carpy Regurgitations Concerning the Antepenultimate
Authors: David L. Anders
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent apocryphal account by Dr LaCombe<sup>1</sup>challenges all clinicians to continue to refine their diagnostic bedside techniques. Dr LaCombe is to be applauded for the entertaining yet sobering fashion in which he states his case. Several points deserve further comment. I was interested to learn more about Bozzolo's sign ("I could hear Bozzolo's sign—so I just<i>knew</i>I'd hear an aortic regurgitant murmur"). Although it was not listed in the indexes of the few medicine and cardiology texts I scanned, two sources<sup>2,3</sup>describe Bozzolo's sign as visible pulsations of the arteries of the nostrils/nasal membranes in some patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm. No auscultatory findings were described. Secondly, Quincke's capillary pulsations are most easily demonstrated in persons with a widened pulse pressure, but can be demonstrated as a normal phenomenon in most people, as Quincke himself reported, and they are by no means pathognomonic
'Provocative' Report Issued on Use of Pesticides
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

THE WORLD Resources Institute has just issued a report warning that exposure to pesticides poses serious risks to the public health, specifically by depressing the immune system. These risks are not being adequately addressed, it says, and they warrant efforts to reduce exposure and expand research into the ways that pesticides affect the immune system. Although the report,<i>Pesticides and the Immune System: the Public Health Risks</i>, draws on new data regarding worldwide pesticide use and the effects of exposure to it on wildlife and cites epidemiologic studies in human populations, the central focus is on the effects of pesticides on the immune system. The World Resources Institute, in Washington, DC, is an independent think tank that examines globally significant environmental problems. Although the group has conducted studies on sustainable agriculture and addressed some pesticide issues, this is the first report on a new program it recently began on health
Glycoprotein Synthesis and Secretion by Mucosal Biopsies of Rabbit Colon and Human Rectum
Authors: Richard P. MacDermott, Robert M. Donaldson, Jerry S. Trier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Elucidation of mechanisms involved in the control of colonic production of mucus requires direct examination of glycoprotein synthesis and secretion by colonic mucosa. In the past, the limited viability of intestinal mucosa in vitro has hampered such investigations. When maintained in an organ culture system, mucosal biopsies of rabbit colon and human rectum remained viable for 24 h as documented by morphologic appearance and a steady rate of protein synthesis and secretion. These biopsies also incorporated (14)C-labeled glucosamine into tissue glycoproteins and secreted labeled glycoproteins at a steady rate for 24 h. Glucosamine was predominantly incorporated into macromolecules that were ultimately secreted, in contrast to leucine, which was predominantly incorporated into tissue macromolecules. When studied by autoradiography, cultured rabbit colonic biopsies synthesized and secreted glycoproteins in vitro at cellular sites and over a time-course similar to those previously described for the intestine of intact animals. Acetylcholine consistently stimulated secretion of labeled glycoproteins but did not alter glycoprotein synthesis. In contrast, cycloheximide inhibited glycoprotein synthesis but had no effect on the secretion of newly synthesized glycoproteins. Rectal biopsies from patients with active ulcerative colitis incorporated increased amounts of [(14)C]glucosamine into glycoproteins during organ culture and secreted labeled glycoproteins more rapidly into the incubation medium when compared to biopsies obtained from healthy volunteers These findings indicate that organ culture provides a useful means of directly examining the synthesis and secretion of glycoproteins by healthy and diseased colonic mucosa.
Assessment of the zinc turbidity test and the use of risk factors in detecting asymptomatic hepatitis C virus carriers: population based study
Authors: K. Nakajima, K. Tatara, N. Nakanishi
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objectives: To define the characteristics and determine the effectiveness of organised inpatient (stroke unit) care compared with conventional care in reducing death, dependency, and the requirement for long term institutional care after stroke.Design: Systematic review of all randomised trials which compared organised inpatient stroke care with the contemporary conventional care.Specialist stroke unit interventions were defined as either a ward or team exclusively managing stroke (dedicated stroke unit) or a ward or team specialising in the management of disabling illnesses, which include stroke (mixed assessment/rehabilitation unit).Conventional care was usually provided in a general medical ward.Setting: 19 trials (of which three had two treatment arms).12 trials randomised a total of 2060 patients to a dedicated stroke unit or a general medical ward, six trials (647 patients) compared a mixed assessment/rehabilitation unit with a general medical ward, and four trials (542 patients) compared a dedicated stroke unit with a mixed assessment/ rehabilitation unit.Main outcome measures: Death, institutionalisation, and dependency.Results: Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care, when compared with conventional care, was best characterised by coordinated multidisciplinary rehabilitation, programmes of education and training in stroke, and specialisation of medical and nursing staff.The stroke unit care was usually housed in a geographically discrete ward.Stroke unit care was associated with a long term (median one year follow up) reduction of death (odds ratio 0.83, 95% confidence interval 0.69 to 0.98; P < 0.05) and of the combined poor outcomes of death or dependency (0.69, 0.59 to 0.82; P < 0.0001) and death or institutionalisation (0.75, 0.65 to 0.87; P < 0.0001).Beneficial effects were independent of patients' age, sex, or stroke severity and of variations in stroke unit organisation.Length of stay in a hospital or institution was reduced by 8% (95% confidence interval 3% to 13%) compared with conventional care but there was considerable heterogeneity of results.Conclusions: Organised stroke unit care resulted in long term reductions in death, dependency, and the need for institutional care.The observed benefits were not restricted to any particular subgroup of patients or model of stroke unit care.No systematic increase in the use of resources (in terms of length of stay) was apparent. MethodsWe aimed to compare any system of organised inpatient stroke care with the less organised conven- Stroke Unit Trialists' CollaborationA list of collaborators is given at the end of the article.
Endogenous Tim-1 (Kim-1) promotes T-cell responses and cell-mediated injury in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis
Authors: Yuji Nozaki, David J. Nikolic-Paterson, Sarah L. Snelgrove, Hisaya Akiba, Hideo Yagita, Stephen R. Holdsworth, A Richard Kitching
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
In-Hospital Prognosis of Ppatients With Fasting Hyperglycemia After First Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John J O'Sullivan, Ronan M Conroy, Killian Robinson, Noel Hickey, Risteard Mulcahy
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

To investigate the incidence and prognostic significance of fasting hyperglycemia in a large group of patients with a first myocardial infarction.Blood glucose was measured after an 8-h overnight fast in 752 patients with a first myocardial infarction. Three groups of patients were identified: patients with normal fasting blood glucose (92.5%), patients with fasting hyperglycemia but no prior history of glucose intolerance (3%), and patients previously known to have diabetes mellitus (4.5%).The fasting hyperglycemic patients were significantly older and had significantly more in-hospital complications than the normal blood glucose group. Previously known diabetic subjects tended to be older and had more mechanical complications postinfarction than the group with normal blood glucose but the difference did not reach statistical significance. There was no significant difference between the diabetic subjects and patients with fasting hyperglycemia in mean age and in-hospital prognosis.Fasting hyperglycemia detected after a first myocardial infarction is associated with a poor in-hospital prognosis that was not due to larger infarct size, as reflected in peak levels of cardiac enzymes. The measurement of a fasting blood glucose level provides additional information in identifying high-risk groups of patients postinfarction.
Hay Fever as a Christmas Gift
Authors: Markus Gassner, Regula Gehrig, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

We appreciate the additional points raised by Rao et al. and would underscore the importance of early initiation of antitoxin treatment in cases of suspected botulism.A retrospective analysis of 132 cases of foodborne botulism reported to the CDC from 1973 through 1980 showed a median hospital stay of 10 days if patients received antitoxin within 24 hours after symptoms began, as compared with 41 days if antitoxin was received after 24 hours of symptoms and 56 days if they did not receive antitoxin. 1 Better outcomes were also associated with earlier treatment in a 2006 botulism outbreak involving 209 patients in Thailand who had consumed home-canned bamboo shoots. [2]][4] We also wish to correct two statements in our article.The statement beginning "Foodborne botulism classically occurs after ingestion of spores" should have read "Foodborne botulism occurs after ingestion of botulinum toxin."We referred to the availability of "intravenous equine trivalent antitoxin (for types A, B, and E) or bivalent antitoxin (for types A and B)" from state health departments.As pointed out by Rao et al., heptavalent antitoxin is the only antitoxin currently available.Our patient was hospitalized before the availability of this particular antitoxin.The nystagmus was described as rotatory by an observer, but unfortunately, the authors were not present to observe this.We agree with Dr. Pollak that gaze-paretic nystagmus would be more likely.
Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>MYB-NFIB</i> Gene Fusion in Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: Incidence, Variability, and Clinicopathologic Significance
Authors: Yoshitsugu Mitani, Jie Li, Pulivarthi H. Rao, Yi-Jue Zhao, Diana Bell, Scott M. Lippman, Randal S. Weber, Carlos Caulin, Adel K. El-Naggar
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of the MYB-NFIB fusion in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), to establish the clinicopathologic significance of the fusion, and to analyze the expression of MYB in ACCs in the context of the MYB-NFIB fusion.We did an extensive analysis involving 123 cancers of the salivary gland, including primary and metastatic ACCs, and non-ACC salivary carcinomas. MYB-NFIB fusions were identified by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and sequencing of the RT-PCR products, and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. MYB RNA expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR and protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.The MYB-NFIB fusion was detected in 28% primary and 35% metastatic ACCs, but not in any of the non-ACC salivary carcinomas analyzed. Different exons in both the MYB and NFIB genes were involved in the fusions, resulting in expression of multiple chimeric variants. Notably, MYB was overexpressed in the vast majority of the ACCs, although MYB expression was significantly higher in tumors carrying the MYB-NFIB fusion. The presence of the MYB-NFIB fusion was significantly associated (P = 0.03) with patients older than 50 years of age. No correlation with other clinicopathologic markers, factors, and survival was found.We conclude that the MYB-NFIB fusion characterizes a subset of ACCs and contributes to MYB overexpression. Additional mechanisms may be involved in MYB overexpression in ACCs lacking the MYB-NFIB fusion. These findings suggest that MYB may be a specific novel target for tumor intervention in patients with ACC.
Hepcidin‐25 is a marker of the response rather than resistance to exogenous erythropoietin in chronic kidney disease/chronic heart failure patients†
Authors: Karien van der Putten, Kim E. Jie, Daan van den Broek, Rob J. Kraaijenhagen, Coby Laarakkers, Dorine W. Swinkels, Branko Braam, Carlo A. Gaillard
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
ACCIDENTAL WOUNDS OF THE FEMALE BLADDER.
Authors: FREDERICK HOLME WIGGIN
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Accidental opening of the bladder has, for many years, been considered one of the most serious accidents that could occur in the course of the complicated work which gynecic surgeons are often called on to do. It was not until 1886 that a successful case of intraperitoneal suture of the bladder was recorded by Sir William MacCormac and Mr. George Heaton, while White, in the course of an article in Dennis' "Surgery," states his belief that sutures placed in the wall of the bladder for the purpose of closing extraperitoneal wounds of the viscus are useless. This, coupled with the fact that there are on record comparatively few cases of injuries to the bladder successfully treated by suture, while accidents of this nature must be of common occurrence, makes it important that all individual experience bearing on this subject should be recorded. Injuries to the inferior surfaces of the bladder
Relationship of Human Papillomavirus Type to Grade of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Octavian Lungu
Journal: JAMA (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the relationship of human papillomavirus (HPV) type to grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in a large series of cases. DESIGN--A survey of HPV types in CIN lesions detected using a new, highly accurate method for typing HPV that is based on restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of amplimers produced during polymerase chain amplification of the conserved L1 region of HPV using consensus primers. SETTING--Private gynecologists' offices and inner-city colposcopy clinics. PATIENTS--A convenience sample of 276 HPV DNA-positive cervical biopsy specimens or samples from patients undergoing colposcopy for abnormal Papanicolaou smears. INTERVENTION--None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)--Human papillomavirus type(s). RESULTS--Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 lesions were relatively heterogeneous with regard to associated HPV types. Nineteen percent of CIN 1 lesions were associated with HPV types 6 or 11; 29% contained HPV types 16, 18, or 33; and 19% were associated with "novel types" of HPV. It was also found that 22% of CIN 1 lesions were associated with more than one HPV type. In contrast to CIN 1, both CIN 2 and CIN 3 were relatively homogeneous with regard to associated HPV types. Eighty-eight percent of CIN 2 and 3 lesions contained HPV types 16, 18, or 33. Unlike CIN 1 lesions, which often contained multiple types of HPV, only 7% of CIN 2 and 3 lesions were associated with multiple HPV types. CONCLUSIONS--Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia should be classified into two separate categories--low-grade and high-grade CIN. Since only 29% of low-grade lesions are associated with HPV types 16, 18, or 33, HPV type could potentially play a role in determining the most appropriate clinical management of patients with low-grade CIN. However, prospective follow-up studies of lesional behavior based on HPV type are required before clinical recommendations can be made.
Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins Regulate Pre-TCR and TCR Signaling through Modulation of Rel/NF-κB Activities
Authors: Dongsoo Kim, Min Xu, Lei Nie, Xiao-Cong Peng, Eijiro Jimi, Reinhard E Voll, Thuan Nguyen, Sankar Ghosh, Xiao-Hong Sun
Journal: Immunity (2002)
Abstract PR10: High angiogenic capacity of inflammatory neutrophils and polarized M2 macrophages is determined by production of MMP-9 unencumbered by its natural inhibitor TIMP-1
Authors: Ewa Zajac, Bernhard Schweighofer, Berta Casar, Tatyana Kupriyanova, Ivo Rimann, Anna Juncker-Jensen, Elena Deryugina, James P. Quigley
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract By delivering a potent matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-9, inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages play an important role in tumor angiogenesis. We have previously demonstrated that high angiogenic capacity of neutrophil MMP-9 (nMMP-9) is determined by its TIMP1-free status. In this study, we compared biochemically and functionally nMMP-9 with the MMP-9 produced by monocytes and macrophages of innate (M0), tumor-suppressing (M1) and tumor-promoting (M2) phenotypes. The angiogenic potential of a specific leukocyte type correlated with amount of TIMP-1 complexed with secreted proMMP-9. Similar to neutrophils, M2-macrophages produce proMMP-9 complexed with very low amounts of TIMP-1, rendering its high angiogenic capacity. In contrast, M0 macrophages and M1-polarized macrophages secrete non-angiogenic proMMP-9 complexed with TIMP-1 at near stoichiometric ratios. However, silencing of TIMP-1 in M0- and M1-macrophages results in induction of their angiogenic potential, thereby supporting a biochemical mechanism for unique angiogenic capacity of proMMP-9 delivered by neutrophils and a distinct subset of pro-tumorigenic macrophages. This abstract is also presented as Poster B89. Citation Format: Ewa Zajac, Bernhard Schweighofer, Berta Casar, Tatyana Kupriyanova, Ivo Rimann, Anna Juncker-Jensen, Elena Deryugina, James P. Quigley. High angiogenic capacity of inflammatory neutrophils and polarized M2 macrophages is determined by production of MMP-9 unencumbered by its natural inhibitor TIMP-1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr PR10.
Production Of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10, And Interferon-γ From CD4+ T Cells And CD8+ T Cells In Patients With Asthma
Authors: J. Yoon, H. Kim, J. Lee, H. Lee, H. Lee, E. Oh, S. Kim, E. Kim, J. Kim, J. Lee
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Measurement of DNA repair deficiency in workers exposed to benzene.
Authors: L M Hallberg, R el Zein, L Grossman, W W Au
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

We hypothesize that chronic exposure to environmental toxicants can induce genetic damage causing DNA repair deficiencies and leading to the postulated mutator phenotype of carcinogenesis. To test our hypothesis, a host cell reactivation (HCR) assay was used in which pCMVcat plasmids were damaged with UV light (175, 350 J/m2 UV light), inactivating the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene, and then transfected into lymphocytes. Transfected lymphocytes were therefore challenged to repair the damaged plasmids, reactivating the reporter gene. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and Gaucher cell lines were used as positive and negative controls for the HCR assay. The Gaucher cell line repaired normally but XP cell lines demonstrated lower repair activity. Additionally, the repair activity of the XP heterozygous cell line showed intermediate repair compared to the homozygous XP and Gaucher cells. We used HCR to measure the effects of benzene exposure on 12 exposed and 8 nonexposed workers from a local benzene plant. Plasmids 175 J/m2 and 350 J/m2 were repaired with a mean frequency of 66% and 58%, respectively, in control workers compared to 71% and 62% in exposed workers. Conversely, more of the exposed workers were grouped into the reduced repair category than controls. These differences in repair capacity between exposed and control workers were, however, not statistically significant. The lack of significant differences between the exposed and control groups may be due to extremely low exposure to benzene (&lt; 0.3 ppm), small population size, or a lack of benzene genotoxicity at these concentrations. These results are consistent with a parallel hprt gene mutation assay.
THE RESISTANCE TO A SPECIFIC HEMOLYSIN OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
Authors: Peyton Rous
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1909)

1. Phagocytosis of pneumococci in vitro runs parallel with phagocytosis in vivo. 2. Virulence depends not only on resistance to phagocytosis, but also on the ability to grow in the body of the animal. 3. The biological reaction of the pigeon to pneumococcus infection does not differ from that of the mouse. 4. The "immunity" of the pigeon to pneumococcus infection is due to its normal high temperature.
The promise of circulating tumor cell analysis in cancer management
Authors: Joaquin Mateo, Marco Gerlinger, Daniel Nava Rodrigues, Johann S de Bono
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Abstract Enumeration and molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells isolated from peripheral blood of patients with cancer can aid selection of targeted therapy for patients, monitoring of response to therapies and optimization of drug development, while also providing valuable information about intratumoral heterogeneity.
Post-infarct treatment with an erythropoietin-gelatin hydrogel drug delivery system for cardiac repair
Authors: H. Kobayashi, S. Minatoguchi, S. Yasuda, N. Bao, I. Kawamura, M. Iwasa, T. Yamaki, S. Sumi, Y. Misao, H. Ushikoshi, K. Nishigaki, G. Takemura, T. Fujiwara, Y. Tabata, H. Fujiwara
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

We investigated the effect of an erythropoietin (EPO)-gelatin hydrogel drug delivery system (DDS) applied to the heart on myocardial infarct (MI) size, left ventricular (LV) remodelling and function.Experiments were performed in a rabbit model of MI. The infarct size was reduced, and LV remodelling and function were improved 14 days and 2 months after MI but not at 2 days after MI in the EPO-DDS group. The number of cluster of differentiation 31(CD31)-positive microvessels and the expression of erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R), phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (p-GSK-3beta), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK), phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-Stat3), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) were significantly increased in the myocardium of the EPO-DDS group.Post-MI treatment with an EPO-DDS improves LV remodelling and function by activating prosurvival signalling, antifibrosis, and angiogenesis without causing any side effect.
Crying for My Grandmother
Authors: Jeanne Bereiter
Journal: JAMA (2008)

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