tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Smoking and insulin absorption from subcutaneous tissue.
Authors: I Muhlhauser, H J Cuppers, M Berger
Journal: BMJ (1984)

present in all.5In our patients there was evidence of previous tuberculosis, with calcified hilar nodes and peripheral foci, but no evidence of cavitation or active disease in the chest (table).One of our five patients had a single enlarged supraclavicular node, but there was no evidence of any other site being affected.All the patients were Asian, and in none was tuberculosis suspected as a possible diagnosis; in only two was either pus or a biopsy specimen cultured for tuberculosis, and in only two was a tuberculin test done.Our experience suggests that tuberculosis should be considered as a possible diagnosis in Asian patients presenting with a breast lump or abscess, with or without evidence of tuberculosis elsewhere.We suggest that in these patients pus and biopsy specimens from the breast should always be cultured for tuberculosis and that tuberculin testing and chest x ray examination should be used as part of the preoperative assessment.
Treatable Abdominal Pathologic Conditions and Unsuspected Malignant Neoplasms at Autopsy in Veterans Who Received Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Maxine A. Papadakis
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To determine, in medical patients who received mechanical ventilation, the frequency and types of major unexpected diagnoses at autopsy that, if known before death, would probably have led to improved survival (class I errors) or substantively changed management but not survival (class IIB errors).Retrospective cohort study.Six medical intensive care units in a Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study.One hundred seventy-two autopsied patients of the 401 veterans who received mechanical ventilation and died in the hospital.The class I error rate was 12%. Abdominal pathologic conditions--abscesses, bowel perforations, or infarction--were as frequent as pulmonary emboli as a cause of class I errors. While patients with abdominal pathologic conditions generally complained of abdominal pain, results of examination of the abdomen were considered unremarkable in most patients, and the symptom was not pursued. Six percent of patients had extensive malignant neoplasms (class IIB errors).Atypical presentation of potentially treatable abdominal pathologic conditions is a common cause of class I errors in veterans who receive mechanical ventilation. Conversely, several patients with unrecognized terminal conditions underwent intensive intervention. If the information gained at autopsy had been known before death, management would have probably changed substantively in 18% of patients.
Segregation and integration of information among visual modules
Authors: Giorgio Vallortigara
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

It is argued that the alleged cases of cognitive penetration of visual modules actually arise from the integration of information among different modules. This would reflect a general computational strategy according to which constraints to a particular module would be provided by information coming from different modules. Examples are provided from the integration of stereopsis and occlusion and from computation of motion direction.
A matched comparison of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (CVD) versus risk-adapted cyclophosphamide, thalidomide and dexamethasone (CTD) in AL amyloidosis
Authors: C P Venner, J D Gillmore, S Sachchithanantham, S Mahmood, T Lane, D Foard, L Rannigan, S D J Gibbs, J H Pinney, C J Whelan, H J Lachmann, P N Hawkins, A D Wechalekar
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Phase I Trial and Pharmacokinetic Study of BMS-247550, an Epothilone B Analog, Administered Intravenously on a Daily Schedule for Five Days
Authors: Jame Abraham, Manish Agrawal, Susan Bakke, Ann Rutt, Maureen Edgerly, Frank M. Balis, Brigitte Widemann, Louis Davis, Bharat Damle, Daryl Sonnichsen, David Lebwohl, Susan Bates, Herb Kotz, Tito Fojo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: The epothilones are a novel class of nontaxane microtubule-stabilizing agents. BMS-247550 is a semisynthetic analog of the natural product epothilone B. We conducted a phase I study administering BMS-247550 as a 1-hour intravenous infusion daily for 5 consecutive days every 21 days. Patients and Methods: Twenty-one patients received BMS-247550 without filgrastim in the first cycle. An additional six patients were enrolled at a starting dose of 8 mg/m 2 /d with filgrastim support. Twenty-one of the 27 patients had received prior paclitaxel, docetaxel, or both. Results: One hundred seven cycles were administered to 27 patients. The maximum-tolerated dose was 6 mg/m 2 of BMS-247550 administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion daily for 5 consecutive days every 21 days. Dose-limiting toxicity at a dose of 8 mg/m 2 /d was neutropenia with or without filgrastim support. Nonhematologic grade 3 toxicities included fatigue (seven cycles), stomatitis (two cycles), and anorexia (one cycle). The mean terminal half-life of BMS-247550 was 16.8 ± 6.0 hours, the volume of distribution at steady-state was 798 ± 375 L, and the clearance was 712 ± 247 mL/min. Objective responses were observed in patients with breast, cervical, and basal cell cancer. Reductions in CA-125 levels were noted in patients with ovarian cancer. Conclusion: The recommended phase II dose of BMS-247550 on the daily schedule for 5 days is 6 mg/m 2 /d. Neutropenia was dose limiting, but higher doses were tolerated by a large fraction of patients with filgrastim support. Peripheral neuropathy was mild, even after multiple cycles of therapy, and was not dose limiting.
Gastric Hyperplastic Polyp Occurring at the Resection Site of Gastric Adenoma
Authors: H. Yoshikane, T. Asai, A. Sakakibara, T. Ayakawa, N. Taki, H. Kawashima, H. Hidano, Y. Takahashi
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

Endoscopic mucosal resection was carried out in a 70-year-old man with a gastric adenoma. Endoscopy 1 year later revealed a subpedunculated polyp about 1 cm in diameter at the resection site. Pathological examinationof the resected specimen showed hyperplasia of the regenerative epithelium. The mechanism of occurrence of hyperplastic polyp at the resection site is discussed.
A Primer of High Blood Pressure
Authors: Harry B. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Writing succinctly and often with humor, Dr. Ask-Upmark carries his readers so lucidly from the investigations of Stephen Hales through those of Goldblatt, Page, Conn, and others that this book is not laid aside. Chapters concerning the hemodynamics and pathological anatomy of hypertension depict changes in the heart and in the retinal, renal, and cerebral vessels. A section on pathophysiology describes the roles of the nervous system, endocrine glands, and kidneys, clearly defining the renin, angiotensin, aldosterone mechanism. Factual summaries, diagrams, clinical notes including plainly marked photographs of arteriograms, roentgenograms, and pathologic specimens illustrate developments in knowledge concerning the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome, coarctation of the aorta, pheochromocytoma, and aldosteronoma. Methods of recognizing unilateral disease of the kidney and its arteries, whether congenital or acquired, also receive considerable emphasis. And a brief but comprehensive description of nonsurgical treatment gives indications and contraindications for using thiazide diuretics, reserpine, methyldopa, and guanethidine.
Circumcision and Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: William F. Rosenberger
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Spach et al<sup>1</sup>reported a case-control study of 78 young men and concluded that lack of circumcision increases the risk of urinary infection. Their "Statistical Analysis" section of the report consisted of the single sentence, "Comparison between bacteriuric and nonbacteriuric groups were made by χ<sup>2</sup>analysis." This is a rather nonspecific statement given that there are a multitude of tests that are useful for 2×2 contingency tables that have an asymptotic χ<sup>2</sup>distribution. These include the Pearson χ<sup>2</sup>test and the likelihood ratio G<sup>2</sup>statistic. It is well known that these asymptotic tests can give only approximate results when there is a small total sample size or small numbers in individual cells. One rule often stated is that expected cell sizes should exceed four or five. However, Fienberg states that "obvious exceptions to the rule of 'average cell sizes of 4 or
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes Associated With Early-Term Birth
Authors: Shaon Sengupta, Vivien Carrion, James Shelton, Ralph J. Wynn, Rita M. Ryan, Kamal Singhal, Satyan Lakshminrusimha
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Full-term neonates born between 37 and 41 weeks' gestational age have been considered a homogeneous, low-risk group. However, recent evidence from studies based on mode of delivery has pointed toward increased morbidity associated with early-term cesarean section births (37-38 weeks) compared with term neonates (39-41 weeks).To compare the short-term morbidity of early-term vs term neonates in a county-based birth cohort using the primary objective of admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or neonatology service.Retrospective population-based 3-year birth cohort study (January 1, 2006-December 31, 2008) at all major birth hospitals in Erie County, New York. All full-term live births comprised the birth cohort; this information was obtained from the hospitals' perinatal databases, and data pertaining to NICU or neonatology service admissions were extracted from individual medical records.Gestational age of early term (37(0/7)-38(6/7) weeks) vs term (39(0/7)-41(0/7) weeks).Admission to the NICU or neonatology service.There were 33,488 live births during the 3-year period, of which 29,741 had a gestational age between 37 and 41 weeks. Of all live births, 9031 (27.0%) were early term. Compared with term infants, early-term neonates had significantly higher risks for the following: hypoglycemia (4.9% vs 2.5%; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.92), NICU or neonatology service admission (8.8% vs 5.3%; adjusted OR, 1.64), need for respiratory support (2.0% vs 1.1%; adjusted OR, 1.93), requirement for intravenous fluids (7.5% vs 4.4%; adjusted OR, 1.68), treatment with intravenous antibiotics (2.6% vs 1.6%; adjusted OR, 1.62), and mechanical ventilation or intubation (0.6% vs 0.1%; adjusted OR, 4.57). Delivery by cesarean section was common among early-term births (38.4%) and increased the risk for NICU or neonatology service admission (12.2%) and morbidity (7.5%) compared with term births. Among vaginal deliveries, early-term neonates (6.8%) had a significantly higher rate of NICU or neonatology service admission compared with term neonates (4.4%).Early-term births are associated with high neonatal morbidity and with NICU or neonatology service admission. Evaluation of local prevalence data will assist in implementation of specific preventive measures and plans, as well as prioritize limited health care resources.
Passive IgE‐sensitization by blood transfusion
Authors: S. G. O. Johansson, A. Nopp, M. van Hage, N. Olofsson, J. Lundahl, L. Wehlin, L. Söderström, V. Stiller, H. Öman
Journal: Allergy (2005)

To study the mechanisms of passive sensitization of patients receiving plasma containing IgE antibodies to a defined allergen.When required for medical reasons, regular donor plasma with IgE antibodies to timothy grass allergen (8-205 kU(A)/l), was given. Kinetics of IgE antibodies in the recipients' serum and his/her basophil allergen threshold sensitivity, CD-sens, was monitored up to 2-3 weeks after transfusion. The IgE antibodies were quantitated by ImmunoCAP. The CD-sens in plasma recipients, determined by CD63 up-regulation, was measured by flow cytometry and compared to CD-sens of patients with allergic asthma and/or rhinitis.There was a significant correlation (r = 0.98; P < 0.001) between amount of IgE antibody given and recipient serum peak concentration. The T(1/2) for IgE antibody in circulation was 1.13 days (95% confidence limit 0.35-1.91 days). The recipients became CD-sens positive already 3 h after transfusion. The CD-sens peak was observed after 3.4 days and the value were correlated (r = 0.68; P < 0.02) to the amount of IgE antibody transfused and were of the same magnitude as found in allergic patients. The T(1/2) of CD-sens indicated two populations of basophils; one with a CD-sens decrease T(1/2) of 4 days and one of 10 days.Transfused IgE antibodies will sensitize mast cells and basophils to CD-sens levels similar to those of allergic patients. The recipients expressed 'slow' or 'rapid' CD-sens decline, indicating two different basophil populations. After transfusion of plasma with >10 kU(A)/l IgE antibody the recipient could have allergen reactive basophils for up to 7 weeks.
Lesson of the Week: Cystic fibrosis presenting as hyponatraemic heat exhaustion
Authors: H R Smith, G S Dhatt, W M A Melia, J G Dickinson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

relation to psychiatric side effects, should then be progressively tapered.If the patient is still psychotic thioridazine or sulpiride should be given, but these will often cause unacceptable worsening of parkinsonism.In many countries clozapine is then the drug of choice,'0 but in Britain it is licensed for use only in treatnent resistant schizophrenia.In the acutely, severely disturbed patient antipsychotic treatment may have to be started immediately, sometimes even using more incisive conventional neuroleptics. ConclusionsThe drug treatment of Parkinson's disease is chal- lenging but highly rewarding.The choice, dose, and timing of several different drugs need to be indi- vidually tailored, ideally on the basis of accurate feedback concerning fluctuations, dyskinesia, and other side effects.The broad recommendations presented above are intended as a guide.They should not be followed too rigidly and will probably change in the light offurther evidence from clinical trials.
Are Intracardiac Injections Proved Safe?-Reply
Authors: Richard Davison
Journal: JAMA (1981)

ABSTRACT In Reply.— Our study made no attempt to evaluate the utility of ICIs during CPR. Furthermore, it clearly stated that we did not endorse this technique as a primary route of administration, but rather suggested it for those instances when other alternatives were not promptly available.Because of the design of the study, it was obviously impossible for us to separate those patients who died of their primary disease from those who died as a consequence of the treatment unless an autopsy was obtained. In those in whom such evidence could be secured, we found no evidence to support the idea that complications of intracardiac injections are a common cause of death. My co-workers and I read the reference quoted1 and found it an interesting review of the damage that various penetrating objects can cause in the human thorax. Its applicability to the issue of ICIs and their complications
Types of C. Diphtheriae in Capetown
Authors: J. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1937)

Reports from different areas in England and Scotland, and also from Berlin, have shown that the distribution of C. diphtheriae types varies considerably from one locality to another.It therefore seemed of interest to investigate their incidence in another country at a con- siderable distance from Europe.Strains from all diph- theria patients admitted to the Capetown City Hospital for Infectiou-s Diseases were accordingly received from the Government Laboratory over a period of approximately seven months and investigated as to cultural charac- teristics, biochemical reactions, and virulence.Methods Cultures reported as pcsitive for C. diphthleriae were ;ubcultured on to Loeffler slopes, incubated for eighteen 'iours, and then plated cn to McLeod's tellurite rabbit blood agar, the colonial appearance being examined after twenty-four and forty-eight hours.Pure cultures were then obtained by subculture to Loeffler slopes, which after eighteen hours' incubation were tested for virulence by the intracutaneous guinea-pig mnethed, for fermentation of glucose and of saccharose, fcr fermentatien of starch (Bacto) and of glycogen (B.D.H.) in Hiss's serum water, and fcr their type of growth in nutrient beef heart infrsr t broth after twenty-four and forty-eight hours' incubation.Bacter:l agical Observations Altogether 109 strains were isolated; all fermented glucose but not saccharcse, and with one exception were virulent by intracutaneous guinea-pig test.They were classified according to the scheme introduced by H. A. Wright-and M. H. Christison (1935) (Table I).An addi- ticnal type (Type VII) was included.This will be dis- cussed later.
Omeprazole and Diminished Antianginal Drug Delivery
Authors: Kovji Kajinami
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 September 1994Omeprazole and Diminished Antianginal Drug DeliveryKovji Kajinami, MD and Hiroshi Mabuchi, MDKovji Kajinami, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Hiroshi Mabuchi, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-5-199409010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Omeprazole inhibits nocturnal and meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion and can potentially alter the intra-gastric pH-dependent process of orally administered drugs. We describe a patient in whom omeprazole probably interfered with drug delivery.A 61-year-old Japanese man with a history of abnormal electrocardiographic records was admitted because of clustered anginal attacks. He had several bouts of duodenal ulcer disease with activation a few days earlier. Omeprazole (20 mg in the morning) was given orally. Coronary angiography showed spontaneous vasospasms reproducing chest pain. Intravenous nitroglycerin successfully controlled his anginal attacks. However, after it was replaced by oral administration of ...References1. Arakawa K, Fujino M. Clinical effects of a sustained-release preparation of isosorbide dinitrate on angina pectoris. Clin Ther. 1980; 3:104-16. Google Scholar2. Karasawa A, Kubo K, Shuto K, Oka T, Nakamizo N. Pharmacological actions of benidipine hydrochloride in several isolated smooth muscles and myocardium. Arzneimittelforschung Drug Research. 1988; 38:1722-30. Google Scholar3. Furukawa K, Itoh T, Kajiwara M, Kitamura K, Suzuki H, Ito Y. Vasodilating actions of 2-nicotinamidoethyl nitrate on porcine and guinea-pig coronary arteries. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1981; 3:139-50. Google Scholar4. Sakaguchi M. A clinical study of pathophysiology and treatment of intractable gastric ulcers based on 24-hour intragastric pH monitoring. Jpn J Gastroenterol. 1993; 90:765-73. Google Scholar5. Kato R, Yamazoe Y, Nara T, Kimura T, Chida S. Pharmacokinetics of a sustained-release dosage form of isosorbide dinitrate (Frandol) (in Japanese with English abstract). Rinsyo Yakuri. 1979; 10:509-23. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAntianginals interaction 1 September 1994Volume 121, Issue 5Page: 385-386KeywordsDrug deliveryDrug delivery system preparationDrugsElectrocardiographyExercise therapyFamotidineIschemiaOral administrationPharmacokineticsProton pump inhibitors Issue Published: 1 September 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
RELATION BETWEEN PLASMA GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 LEVELS AND TISSUE CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONARY PLAQUE IN NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Takayuki Mitsuhashi, Kiyoshi Hibi, Masaaki Konishi, Nobuhiko Maejima, tsutomu endo, Kazuo Kimura, Satoshi Umemura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
CLINICAL AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FOLLOW-UP AFTER SURGICAL VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT CLOSURE IN ADULTS
Authors: François-Pierre Mongeon, Harold M. Burkhart, Naser M. Ammash, Joseph A. Dearani, Zhuo Li, Carole A. Warnes, Heidi M. Connolly
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Treatment of Heart Block and Adams-Stokes Syndrome with Sustained-Action Isoproterenol
Authors: Simon Dack
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Fifteen patients with atrioventricular heart block and Adams-Stokes syndrome were treated with oral sustained-action isoproterenol tablets, 30 mg. every 4 to 6 hours. One or more of the following beneficial effects was observed in 13 patients: restoration and maintenance of normal sinus rhythm, increase in the rate of the basic idioventricular pacemaker, stimulation of the faster of two competing idioventricular centers, and stabilization of the idioventricular pacemaker so that ventricular slowing or asystole failed to recur. Side-effects, which were few, consisted of tachycardia, palpitation, or tremor in 4 cases and resulted in discontinuance of the drug in only 2 cases. Oral medication was less apt to produce annoying tachycardia or angina in susceptible individuals than was sublingual isoproterenol.
BRAIN MECHANISMS AND PSYCHOTHERAPY
Authors: BERNICE T. EIDUSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1958)

The vigorous experimental work in neurophysiology and neurobiochemistry directs attention toward the structural mechanisms of the central nervous system and particularly to the ways and extent to which these built-in mechanisms order response. The work which has emerged to date has immediate pertinence for some of the problems which have always been crucial ones in personality theory : problems related to how personality is formed, what personality change is and how it is brought about, the nature and significance of individual differences. As the laws of input-organism exchange are extended by subsequent research, and as we begin to think of the therapeutic communication itself as input, we may have to revise sharply our current ways of thinking about the clinical process itself, and some of the notions which are inherent in it. At this point systematic presentations of the clinical and observational data which are the wealth of the clinical psychiatrist would be very helpful in establishing the significance of the neurophysiological findings and even in contributing clues as to the directions in which further advance might lie.
The Spatial QRS and T Vector in 178 Normal Middle-Aged Men
Authors: ERNST SIMONSON, ANCEL KEYS
Journal: Circulation (1954)

From the means and standard deviations of the coordinates of the spatial QRS and T vectors in 178 normal middle-aged men, preliminary normal range limits were calculated for the total group, three positional subgroups, and three relative body weight groups. The superiority of spatial vector analysis over analysis of the scalar electrocardiogram made it possible for the first time to investigate meaningful correlations between electrocardiographic variables, such as the relationship between the magnitude of QRS and T vectors. The relationship between fundamental constitutional variables and spatial vectors was also investigated as background necessary for the diagnostic use of spatial vectors.