tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Directory of On-Going Research in Cancer Epidemiology 1991
Authors: Scott M. Browning
Journal: JAMA (1992)

The<i>Directory of On-Going Research in Cancer Epidemiology 1991</i>contains over 1147 descriptions of research projects from 62 countries. The directory is in its 15th consecutive year of publication and is sponsored by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France, and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. The IARC is affiliated with the World Health Organization. Also included is an IBM-compatible software program called PROSE (PROject SEarch) on a 5.25-inch floppy disk. The authors have chosen projects to publish from around the world that are related to cancer epidemiology as they define it: morbidity or mortality of cancer, risk factors, etiology, and prevention. Descriptive studies of cancer incidence are not included unless they involve an underdeveloped country where such data may be difficult to gather or lacking entirely. In addition, studies that include biological materials banks in epidemiological studies are also included. The directory does
Cutaneous tissue angiotensin–converting enzyme may participate in pathologic scar formation in human skin
Authors: Kiyoshi Morihara, Shinji Takai, Hideya Takenaka, Masato Sakaguchi, Yukiko Okamoto, Toru Morihara, Mizuo Miyazaki, Saburo Kishimoto
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
Of Pride, Prejudice, and Discrimination
Authors: Ajit Varki
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

The categorization of individuals into groups can serve some useful purposes. If the individuals being grouped are heterogeneous, however, the categories used are likely to be flawed. Thus, any resulting generalizations are also flawed, especially when applied to a given individual in a group. The most serious attendant dangers can be misplaced pride, misguided prejudice, and unfair discrimination. The categorization of physicians according to their original medical training and the generalizations that result are examined here. The principles advanced could also be applied to many other forms of categorization.
Femoral Chronic Pyogenic Osteomyelitis With Three Coexisting Cancers
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen, Michael C. Roarke
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

It is uncommon but possible for positron emission tomography or computed tomography to demonstrate multiple concomitant malignant tumors in one setting. In this clinical setting of synchronous malignancies, it is difficult to distinguish an unexpected benign hypermetabolic osseous process from bone metastasis. The authors present a patient with thyroid, gastroesophageal, and renal neoplasms with distal femoral bone chronic pyogenic osteomyelitis.
Impact of comorbidities on overall survival in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: results of the randomized CML Study IV
Authors: Susanne Saußele, Marie-Paloma Krauß, Rüdiger Hehlmann, Michael Lauseker, Ulrike Proetel, Lida Kalmanti, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Doris Kraemer, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Martin Bentz, Peter Staib, Maike de Wit, Martin Wernli, Florian Zettl, Holger F. Hebart, Markus Hahn, Jochen Heymanns, Ingo Schmidt-Wolf, Norbert Schmitz, Michael J. Eckart, Winfried Gassmann, Andrea Bartholomäus, Antonio Pezzutto, Elisabeth Oppliger Leibundgut, Dominik Heim, Stefan W. Krause, Andreas Burchert, Wolf-Karsten Hofmann, Joerg Hasford, Andreas Hochhaus, Markus Pfirrmann, Martin C. Müller
Journal: Blood (2015)
Direct endocardial recording from an accessory atrioventricular pathway: localization of the site of block, effect of antiarrhythmic drugs, and attempt at nonsurgical ablation.
Authors: W M Jackman, K J Friday, B J Scherlag, M M Dehning, E Schechter, D W Reynolds, E G Olson, E J Berbari, L A Harrison, R Lazzara
Journal: Circulation (1983)

We recorded a discrete 0.95 mV potential consistent with accessory atrioventricular pathway (AP) activation during serial electrophysiologic studies in a patient with Ebstein's anomaly and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Bipolar pacing from the catheter electrode in which the AP potential was recorded resulted in a stimulus-ventricle interval identical to the AP-ventricle interval during antegrade conduction, and a stimulus-atrium interval identical to the AP-atrium interval during retrograde conduction. With the patient in the drug-free state, antegrade AP block during atrial pacing and retrograde AP block during ventricular pacing occurred distal to the AP potential (AP-ventricle junction and AP-atrium junction, respectively), supporting the "impedance mismatch" hypothesis. Procainamide and disopyramide each lengthened the antegrade AP effective refractory period by affecting the AP-ventricle junction (possibly by decreasing the current generated by the AP). Both drugs also lengthened the retrograde AP effective refractory period but produced a greater effect on the ventricle-AP junction than on the AP-atrium junction, suggesting marginal geometry of the former. R wave synchronous shocks of 160 and 320 W-sec delivered between the catheter electrode recording the largest unipolar AP potential and a skin electrode produced transient, complete, antegrade block over the AP, suggesting the feasibility of this new nonsurgical technique for AP ablation.
Portal pressure after prophylactic sclerotherapy in patients with high-risk varices
Authors: Atsushi Toyonaga, Tadashi Iwao, Michihiro Sumino, Kazuhiko Oho, Motoki Ikegami, Munenori Sakaki, Hiroyuki Shigemori, Masafumi Nakayama, Ei Sasaki, Kyuichi Tanikawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
Use of varenicline for smoking cessation and risk of serious cardiovascular events: nationwide cohort study
Authors: H. Svanstrom, B. Pasternak, A. Hviid
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate whether varenicline is associated with an increased risk of serious cardiovascular events compared with another drug used for smoking cessation, bupropion. <b>Design </b>Nationwide historical cohort study. <b>Setting </b>Denmark, 2007-10. <b>Participants</b> New users of varenicline (n=17 926) and bupropion (n=17 926). <b>Main outcome measures</b> Individual level data on dispensed drug prescriptions, cardiovascular events, and potential confounders were linked between registries. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios of cardiovascular events in analyses matched for propensity score. The primary outcomes at six months after start of treatment were acute coronary syndrome, ischaemic stroke, and cardiovascular death analysed individually and as a composite of any major event. <b>Results</b> There were 57 major cardiovascular events among varenicline users (6.9 cases per 1000 person years) compared with 60 events among bupropion users (7.1 cases per 1000 person years); the hazard ratio for any major event was 0.96 (95% confidence interval 0.67 to 1.39). Varenicline use was not associated with an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (1.20, 0.75 to 1.91), ischaemic stroke (0.77, 0.40 to 1.48), and cardiovascular death (0.51, 0.13 to 2.02). In subgroup analyses, the risk of any major cardiovascular event was not significantly different between patients with and without a history of cardiovascular disease (1.24 (0.72 to 2.12) and 0.83 (0.51 to 1.36), respectively; P=0.29). <b>Conclusions</b> This cohort study found no increased risk of major cardiovascular events associated with use of varenicline compared with bupropion for smoking cessation. On the basis of the upper confidence limit, the data allowed the exclusion of a 40% increased risk of the composite outcome of any major cardiovascular event. While the estimates were less precise for specific outcomes, any differences would be small in absolute terms.
The Fish Oil Story Remains Fishy
Authors: Robert H. Eckel
Journal: Circulation (2010)

2][3][4] Yet, a major question remains as to whether this benefit is due entirely to the omega-3, or long-chain, n-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or other nutrient contents in fish.An alternative explanation is that people who consume more fish are already consuming a heart-healthy diet.Although an effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiac sudden death has been suggested, [5][6][7] minimal evidence exists to support their use in the setting of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Financing Our Own Interests
Authors: G. R. Fearnley
Journal: BMJ (1970)

two subjects given oral protein, the endogenous secretin reached levels similar to those observed in the infusion studies2 and they were sustained, supporting our conten- tion "that the augmenting effect of [these] intestinal hormones on insulin release occurs only in the presence of raised levels of plasma amino-acids," the protein meal providing not only the amino-acids but also a major stimulus to both secretin and pancreozymin release.-Iam, etc.,
THE SITE OF INHIBITION OF BLOOD CLOTTING BY SOY BEAN TRYPSIN INHIBITOR 1
Authors: Mary Beth Glendening, Ernest W. Page
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1951)

Two of the principal reactions involved in the clotting of blood are: thrombin were therefore undertaken in an attempt to find a definitive explanation for the inhibition.Thromboplastin + Ca++ Ac-Globulin Thrombin 2. Fibrinogen 'ma, throm-remained effective could be determined.The pera and pro-centage of added thromboplastin which was ap- parently "bound" is shown (Table I) in the data ,earch grants from a typical experiment.It will be noted that ;he Christine this apparently "bound" fraction remains constant :n for High -within the limits of error-at each level of inhibitor.1298 1. Prothrombin
Scales and Weights: A Historical Outline
Authors: Mary E. Lindberg
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Tools of measurement provide an interesting perspective from which to view the history, not only of scales and weights themselves, but of culture, men, and the governments who controlled—or did not control—the exchange of goods. Bruno Kisch, MD, who presents here a lively and thorough history of weighing, is a physiologist, cardiologist, medical historian, and curator of the Streeter Collection of Weights at the Yale University School of Medicine. His scholarly appraisal draws on literature, art, and architectural ornamentation, as well as collections around the world, to inform a history of weights and measure, encompassing examples from the pre-Christian era to the present.  Adjuncts to the text include 98 plates depicting scales, weights, and their containers. In addition, numerous charts and tables provide a reference particularly interesting to the scholar and collector. Dr. Kisch includes the known hallmarks of scale- and weight-makers of western Europe and also lists the weights
Regulation of JAK2 by miR-135a: prognostic impact in classic Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Alfons Navarro, Tania Diaz, Antonio Martinez, Anna Gaya, Aina Pons, Bernat Gel, Carles Codony, Gerardo Ferrer, Carmen Martinez, Emili Montserrat, Mariano Monzo
Journal: Blood (2009)
Overprescribing antidepressants to children: pharmacoepidemiological study in primary care
Authors: Kathleen Bennett, Mary Teeling, John Feely
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Depression is associated with considerable morbidity and risk of suicide. About 20% of adults and 2% of those aged 0-18 years are affected at anytime.1 Although widely used to manage adult depression, no antidepressants are licensed for use in children. Recent attention has focused on the potential risk of suicide in children. We aimed to evaluate the level of use of antidepressants in adults and children in Ireland, the drug type and duration of use, and the changes in prescription rates over time.

We used the General Medical Services' claims database. The scheme, which is means tested, provides free health services to about 30% of the Irish population (representing 1.24 million people) and 28% of all children.2 All prescription items are coded using WHO's anatomical therapeutic chemical classification (ATC) and basic demographic information (age and sex) are recorded. As age is categorised we …
197 BACTERIAL DNA DETECTION BY REAL-TIME PCR AND 16s RDNA GENE SEQUENCING IN SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS
Authors: G. Soriano, O. Esparcia, M. Montemayor, C. Guarner-Argente, R. Pericas, X. Torras, N. Calvo, E. Román, F. Navarro, C. Guarner, P. Coll
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Hepatitis B genotypes/subgenotypes and MHR variants among Moroccan chronic carriers
Authors: Bouchra Kitab, Abdellah Essaid El Feydi, Rajaa Afifi, Omar Derdabi, Younes Cherradi, Mustapha Benazzouz, Khadija Rebbani, Ikram Brahim, Hanane Salih Alj, Fabien Zoulim, Christian Trepo, Isabelle Chemin, Sayeh Ezzikouri, Soumaya Benjelloun
Journal: Journal of Infection (2011)
Body of Research — Ownership and Use of Human Tissue
Authors: R. Alta Charo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Interview with R. Alta Charo on ownership and research use of human tissue. (07:29)Download For better or worse, we have irretrievably entered an age that requires examination of our understanding of the legal rights and relationships in the human body and the human cell.— Moore v. Regents of the University of California, California 2nd District Court of Appeals, 1988Nearly 20 years after the California courts decided Moore v. Regents — a seminal case concerning a patient's interest in the profits derived from patents on a cell line generated from his spleen tissue — U.S. jurisprudence still has no coherent answer to a deceptively simple question: Do we own our own bodies?Why . . .
Hepatic lipid peroxidation in vivo in rats with chronic iron overload.
Authors: B R Bacon, A S Tavill, G M Brittenham, C H Park, R O Recknagel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Peroxidative decomposition of cellular membrane lipids is a postulated mechanism of hepatocellular injury in parenchymal iron overload. In the present study, we looked for direct evidence of lipid peroxidation in vivo (as measured by lipid-conjugated diene formation in hepatic organelle membranes) from rats with experimental chronic iron overload. Both parenteral ferric nitrilotriacetate (FeNTA) administration and dietary supplementation with carbonyl iron were used to produce chronic iron overload. Biochemical and histologic evaluation of liver tissue confirmed moderate increases in hepatic storage iron. FeNTA administration produced excessive iron deposition throughout the hepatic lobule in both hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, whereas dietary carbonyl iron supplementation produced greater hepatic iron overload in a periportal distribution with iron deposition predominantly in hepatocytes. Evidence for mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in vivo was demonstrated at all three mean hepatic iron concentrations studied (1,197, 3,231, and 4,216 micrograms Fe/g) in both models of experimental chronic iron overload. In contrast, increased conjugated diene formation was detected in microsomal lipids only at the higher liver iron concentration (4,161 micrograms Fe/g) achieved by dietary carbonyl iron supplementation. When iron as either FeNTA or ferritin was added in vitro to normal liver homogenates before lipid extraction, no conjugated diene formation was observed. We conclude that the presence of conjugated dienes in the subcellular fractions of rat liver provide direct evidence of iron-induced hepatic mitochondrial and microsomal lipid peroxidation in vivo in two models of experimental chronic iron overload.
Intrahepatic levels of CXCR3-associated chemokines correlate with liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Marija Zeremski, Lydia M. Petrovic, Luis Chiriboga, Queenie B. Brown, Herman T. Yee, Milan Kinkhabwala, Ira M. Jacobson, Rositsa Dimova, Marianthi Markatou, Andrew H. Talal
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Abstract Chemokines, chemotactic cytokines, may promote hepatic inflammation in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection through the recruitment of lymphocytes to the liver parenchyma. We evaluated the association between inflammation and fibrosis and CXCR3-associated chemokines, interferon-γ (IFN-γ)–inducible protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10), monokine induced by IFN-γ (Mig/CXCL9), and interferon-inducible T cell α chemoattractant (I-TAC/CXCL11), in HCV infection. Intrahepatic mRNA expression of these chemokines was analyzed in 106 chronic HCV-infected patients by real-time PCR. The intrahepatic localization of chemokine producer cells and CXCR3+ lymphocytes was determined in selected patients by immunohistochemistry. We found elevated intrahepatic mRNA expression of all three chemokines, most markedly CXCL10, in chronic HCV-infected patients with higher necroinflammation and fibrosis. By multivariable multivariate analysis, intrahepatic CXCL10 mRNA expression levels were significantly associated with lobular necroinflammatory grade and HCV genotype 1. In the lobular region, CXCL10-expressing and CXCL9-expressing hepatocytes predominated in areas with necroinflammation. Strong CXCL11 expression was observed in almost all portal tracts, whereas CXCL9 expression varied considerably among portal tracts in the same individual. Most intrahepatic lymphocytes express the CXCR3 receptor, and the number of CXCR3+ lymphocytes was increased in patients with advanced necroinflammation. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the CXCR3-associated chemokines, particularly CXCL10, may play an important role in the development of necroinflammation and fibrosis in the liver parenchyma in chronic HCV infection. (Hepatology 2008.)
Refsum's Disease: Defective Oxidation of Phytanic Acid in Tissue Cultures Derived from Homozygotes and Heterozygotes
Authors: James H. Herndon, Daniel Steinberg, B. William Uhlendorf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

A defect in phytanic acid oxidation was demonstrated in cultured fibroblasts derived from skin biopsies of 11 patients with Refsum's disease (heredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis, or HAP). The observed rate of oxidation in cultures derived from the patients was, on the average, 3 per cent of that observed in cultures derived from control subjects. On the other hand, the HAP cultures all oxidized pristanic acid, the n-1 homologue of phytanic acid, at normal or near normal rates. These findings in 11 patients drawn from eight separate kindreds confirm earlier data obtained in three patients from two families, and strengthen the proposal that patients with HAP accumulate phytanic acid because of a block in its degradation at the initial alpha-oxidative step. Cultures derived from eight presumably heterozygous parents oxidized phytanic acid at a rate approximately half that observed in control cultures. These results provide the first evidence for the existence of a carrier state in HAP and support the assumption that the disease reflects a point mutation inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.
Fluorescent Patterns of Intracutaneous Wheals in Normal and Edematous Extremities
Authors: RAY W. GIFFORD, JOHN H. WINDESHEIM, J. EARLE ESTES, GRACE M. ROTH
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Intradermal injection of a fluorescent dye (riboflavin) and ultraviolet light were used to demonstrate cutaneous lymphatic capillaries. The extremities of a control group and the nonedematous extremities of patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans were studied together with edematous extremities of patients with lymphedema, acute thrombophlebitis, chronic venous insufficiency and various other conditions. The lymphatic capillaries showed up more extensively after a higher percentage of injections into edematous extremities of patients with lymphedema than after injections into the other extremities. On the other edematous extremities except in the cases of nephrotic syndrome and on the normal extremities, either no lymph capillaries or only a few were visible after most of the injections.
Auditory Emotion Recognition Impairments in Schizophrenia: Relationship to Acoustic Features and Cognition
Authors: Rinat Gold, Pamela Butler, Nadine Revheim, David I. Leitman, John A. Hansen, Ruben C. Gur, Joshua T. Kantrowitz, Petri Laukka, Patrik N. Juslin, Gail S. Silipo, Daniel C. Javitt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

Objective: Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in the ability to perceive emotion based on tone of voice. The basis for this deficit remains unclear, however, and relevant assessment batteries remain limited. The authors evaluated performance in schizophrenia on a novel voice emotion recognition battery with well-characterized physical features, relative to impairments in more general emotional and cognitive functioning. Method: The authors studied a primary sample of 92 patients and 73 comparison subjects. Stimuli were characterized according to both intended emotion and acoustic features (e.g., pitch, intensity) that contributed to the emotional percept. Parallel measures of visual emotion recognition, pitch perception, general cognition, and overall outcome were obtained. More limited measures were obtained in an independent replication sample of 36 patients, 31 age-matched comparison subjects, and 188 general comparison subjects. Results: Patients showed statistically significant large-effect-size deficits in voice emotion recognition (d=1.1) and were preferentially impaired in recognition of emotion based on pitch features but not intensity features. Emotion recognition deficits were significantly correlated with pitch perception impairments both across (r=0.56) and within (r=0.47) groups. Path analysis showed both sensory-specific and general cognitive contributions to auditory emotion recognition deficits in schizophrenia. Similar patterns of results were observed in the replication sample. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that patients with schizophrenia show a significant deficit in the ability to recognize emotion based on tone of voice and that this deficit is related to impairment in detecting the underlying acoustic features, such as change in pitch, required for auditory emotion recognition. This study provides tools for, and highlights the need for, greater attention to physical features of stimuli used in studying social cognition in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Autoimmune hemolysis associated with primary biliary cirrhosis responding to ursodeoxycholic acid as sole treatment
Authors: S.J. Fuller, P. Kumar, M. Weltman, J.S. Wiley
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Coombs' positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) has been rarely described in association with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). The previously reported cases have responded to treatment with a combination of corticosteroids and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). We report a case of AIHA occurring in association with PBC, which has responded to treatment with UDCA alone. Possible mechanisms of autoimmune hemolysis in this patient include bile salt induced immune dysregulation and direct damage to red cell membranes by bile salts leading to exposure of neoantigens and development of red cell autoantibodies. A trial of UDCA as a single agent should be considered as initial treatment in this rare disorder.
Triple Combination Chemotherapy with Cisplatin, Docetaxel, and Irinotecan for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase I/II Trial
Authors: Katsuyuki Kiura, Nagio Takigawa, Yoshihiko Segawa, Masahiro Tabata, Takuo Shibayama, Kenichi Gemba, Akihiro Bessho, Nobukazu Fujimoto, Ichiro Takata, Katsuyuki Hotta, Keiichi Fujiwara, Yoshiyuki Tokuda, Shoichi Kuyama, Tetsu Shinkai, Hiroshi Ueoka, Mitsune Tanimoto
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)