tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dietary influences on 8-MOP plasma levels in PUVA patients with psoriasis
Authors: R. ROELANDTS, M. BOVEN, T. DEHEYN, G. VANDER STICHELE, H. DEGREEF, P. DAENENS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

To study the effect of diet on 8-MOP plasma levels, these levels were measured three times in twenty PUVA patients with psoriasis; while fasting, after a low-fat breakfast, and after a fat-rich breakfast. No significant differences were found between the maximal 8-MOP plasma levels in the fasting condition and the levels after the low-fat breakfast, both peaking 2 h after ingestion. After the fat-rich breakfast, however, the 8-MOP plasma levels were not only significantly lower at 2 h but also peaked later, reaching their maximum at 3-4 h after intake. The drug should therefore be given in a dietetically standardized way. This raises the question whether some cases of therapy resistance can be dietetically influenced.
Leslie Russell Davis
Authors: A. J. Bellingham
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Where we look is determined both by our current intentions and by the tendency of visually salient items to “catch our eye.” After damage to parietal cortex, the normal process of directing attention is often profoundly impaired. Here, we tracked parietal patients9 eye movements during visual search to separately map impairments in goal-directed orienting to targets versus stimulus-driven gaze shifts to salient but task-irrelevant probes. Deficits in these two distinct types of attentional selection are shown to be identical in both magnitude and spatial distribution, consistent with damage to a “priority map” that integrates goal- and stimulus-related signals to select visual targets. When goal-relevant and visually salient items compete for attention, the outcome depends on a biased competition in which the priority of contralesional targets is undervalued. On the basis of these findings, we further demonstrate that parietal patients9 spatial bias (neglect) in goal-directed visual exploration can be corrected and even reversed by systematically manipulating the spatial distribution of stimulus salience in the visual array.
Recognition of human 60 kD heat shock protein by mononuclear cells from patients with juvenile chronic arthritis
Authors: E.R. De Graeff-Meeder, G.T. Rijkers, W. Kuis, B.J.M. Zegers, R. van der Zee, H.J. Schuurman, J.W.J. Bijlsma, W. van Eden
Journal: The Lancet (1991)
Evaluation of Fetal Hemolysis
Authors: Gerard B. Odell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

The safety of diagnostic amniocentesis in the management of Rh-sensitized women during pregnancy has provided a valuable means of assessing the presence and severity of hemolytic disease in the fetus.The most frequently employed analysis of amniotic fluid is the estimation of its concentration of "bile pigment." The concentration of bile pigment is derived from the difference between the log of the actual absorbance at 450 mμ the amniotic fluid and the log of the expected absorbance if no bile pigment were present (Δ O.D. 450 mμ). The latter value is determined from the point of inintersection at 450 mμ . . .
Meeting at the Crossroads: Women's Psychology and Girls' Development
Authors: Helen R. Beiser
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This slender book describes in some detail interviews the authors had over a period of several years with girls in a private girls' school, from the ages of seven or eight up to 17 or 18, but concentrating on the ages of 11 through 13. The authors are an educator and a psychologist noted for feminist work. They found they could not get the girls to respond to the usual method in psychology of tests and questionnaires, and instead took a rather loose approach of interviews, often by different interviewers over the years. They are aware that they are subject to criticism by scientific purists but present the raw data as a matter of interest anyway. The method is a reminder of some of Piaget's work, but without any testing. Conventional psychologists could complain that all the girls were not interviewed at the same ages or even over the same
US study shows 10-fold increase in autism over the past 20 years
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Autism is about 10 times as common in the United States today as it was in the 1980s, concludes the largest epidemiological study of the condition yet to be carried out.

The study, conducted in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, in 1996 found that 3.4 in every 1000 children aged 3 to 10 years had mild to severe autism, on the basis of a review of their medical records. Surveys in the before the mid-1980s had found that only 4 to 5 in every 10 000 children were affected. The researchers in the Atlanta study, from the …
Abstract 1362: Nuclear morphometry measures progressive atypia in the development of pancreatic carcinoma
Authors: Evan S. Glazer, Kimberly A. Hill, Hao (Helen) Zhang, Peter Bartels, Joseph Watkins, David S. Alberts, Robert S. Krouse
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Pancreatic lesions that are not clearly benign are often treated as malignant despite uncertainty in the true diagnosis due to the nearly universally fatal nature of pancreatic carcinoma (PC). Nuclear morphometry is a technique to quantify nuclear features too complex for the human eye to discern. We hypothesized that nuclear atypia can be quantified with morphometry in order to distinguish between chronic pancreatitis, IPMN, and PC. We retrospectively analyzed 14 specimens of chronic pancreatitis, 16 IPMN lesions, and 19 PC lesions. Clinicopathologic data were obtained. Nuclear morphometry determined overall atypia based on the average nuclear abnormality of 95 distinct nuclear features (a nuclear signature). For PC lesions, 5 nuclear features defined a classification score (CS) representing the proportion of aggressive nuclei in a given PC lesion. Statistical significance was determined with ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The average age for all patients was 63 ± 15 years while 62% were male; there were no differences between the 3 groups. The follow up was approximately 4 years in all groups as well. The average nuclear atypia of chronic pancreatitis was 0.80, 0.99 for IPMN, and 1.08 for PC (P = 0.02). Importantly, based on 5 nuclear features, the CS for PC lesions that recurred was 87% while it was only 56% for those PC lesions that did recur (P = 0.04). The research describes a precise, accurate, and objective method to distinguish IPMN from PC. The CS and overall atypia score provides a method to not only objectively describe a given lesion, but it importantly describes where in the progression from benign to malignant lesion an unknown lesion exists. Clinically, this may be of great utility in risk stratifying unknown pancreatic lesions at the time of diagnosis or tissue biopsy. Citation Format: Evan S. Glazer, Kimberly A. Hill, Hao (Helen) Zhang, Peter Bartels, Joseph Watkins, David S. Alberts, Robert S. Krouse. Nuclear morphometry measures progressive atypia in the development of pancreatic carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1362. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1362
The Injuries to JFK
Authors: Arthur J. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article featuring Drs Humes' and Boswell's<sup>1,2</sup>explanation of the events surrounding the autopsy of John F. Kennedy was certainly timely and should clear up many misconceptions. After reading urologist Dr John Lattimer's<sup>3</sup>explanation of JFK's wounds in a medical journal some years ago, I never seriously doubted that the former president was struck from above and behind by two bullets. However, the Warren Commission stated that the first bullet that traversed President Kennedy's neck also caused all the wounds in former Texas Governor John Connally. If the Zapruder film is to be believed, this bullet, after exiting President Kennedy's neck, would have had to make sequential sharp right and then left turns and literally to hover in midair between its victims for about 1½ seconds, since the film first shows Kennedy in distress apparently reaching for his throat while Connally sits unperturbed raising his
How to Break Bad News
Authors: P J Toghill
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Robert Buckman Macmillan, (Pounds sterling)9.99, pp 195 ISBN 0-333-54864-7]

We pride ourselves that in Britain our skills of bedside history taking and clinical examination are among the best in the world. Yet despite this we still have much to learn about talking to our patients, particularly when it comes to passing on bad news. This is partly because many of those who teach communication skills have little first hand experience of talking to distraught patients, whereas physicians who have to break bad news have rarely been taught to do so.

As recently as …
Evolution of infarct size during the early use of nifedipine in patients with acute myocardial infarction: the Norwegian Nifedipine Multicenter Trial.
Authors: P A Sirnes, K Overskeid, T R Pedersen, J Bathen, A Drivenes, G S Frøland, J K Kjekshus, K Landmark, R Rokseth, K E Sirnes
Journal: Circulation (1984)

In a multicenter double-blind study, 227 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were randomized within 12 hr from onset of symptoms to treatment with nifedipine (112 patients) or placebo (115 patients). AMI was confirmed in 74 patients on nifedipine and in 83 on placebo. Patients with AMI received nifedipine 5.5 +/- 2.9 hr (mean +/- SD) after onset of symptoms. Infarct size was assessed by the release of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB). Infarct size index (CK-MB geq/m2) was 25 +/- 16 (n = 71) in the nifedipine group and 23 +/- 13 (n = 77) in the placebo group (NS). After the first 10 mg of nifedipine systolic blood pressure fell from 147 +/- 30 to 135 +/- 28 mm Hg (p less than .01) and heart rate rose from 75 +/- 18 to 79 +/- 19 beats/min (p less than .01). No change was observed after the first placebo dose. The treatment was continued for 6 weeks. Over this period there were 10 deaths in each group. Early treatment with nifedipine in patients with AMI does not seem to reduce infarct size as determined by enzyme level.
Projecting the number of patients with first ever strokes and patients newly handicapped by stroke in England and Wales.
Authors: R. Malmgren, J. Bamford, C. Warlow, P. Sandercock, J. Slattery
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The common assumption that future increases in the number of elderly people will result in a parallel increase in the burden of care of long term disabled survivors of stroke was examined. The number of patients with first ever strokes and the net number of people handicapped after these strokes in England and Wales every five years until 2023 have been projected. Between the base year 1983 and the year 2023 an increase in population of about 5% will occur; first ever strokes are projected to increase by about 30% and deaths within six months of first ever strokes by about 40%. The net number of severely handicapped people six months after a first ever stroke is projected to increase by only about 8%, however, and the net number of people who are moderately or severely handicapped by only 4%. This paradox occurs because first ever stroke often kills people who have been handicapped by other causes, particularly if they are elderly. It is concluded that despite the limitations of these data they strongly suggest that the increased burden of health care of patients with first ever strokes in the next 40 years will be primarily that of caring for those in the acute stages of stroke and not with the management of chronic handicap after a stroke.
FORTY CASES OF PSORIASIS TREATED WITH ARSENIOUS ACID.Read before the Section of Dermatology and Syphilography, at the Forty-third Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Detroit, June, 1892.
Authors: B. MERRILL RICKETTS
Journal: JAMA (1893)

So much has been said about psoriasis and its treatment, especially with arsenic, that I refrain from consuming much of your time. It was before this Section that I read a paper on the uses of arsenic in May, 1888. I then endeavored to bring out the principal physiological advantages over the other remedies in the treatment of certain skin diseases. To-day I will confine my remarks to its use in the treatment of forty cases of the various forms of psoriasis. This number constitutes all that I have treated during the last six years, both in private and public practice. With the eight or ten cases that did not come under my immediate care, I have seen about fifty cases from various sections of the country. Of the many remedies used in the treatment for psoriasis, I do not think that there is one that meets so many requirements
Proved viraemia in asian influenza (Hong Kong variant) during incubation period
Authors: M. Khakpour, A. Saidi, K. Naficy
Journal: BMJ (1969)

During an outbreak of influenza specimens were obtained from 21 patients with influenza-like illnesses and from 29 healthy subjects in close contact with the patients. Throat washings from 12 of the patients were positive for influenza virus but virus was not detected from the blood specimens. One healthy contact became ill 12 hours after the specimens were obtained, and the virus was isolated from his blood and throat washings. The remaining contacts showed no clinical illness; but the virus was isolated from the throat washings of four of them, with no viral isolation from the blood specimens.
654 GENETIC PREDISPOSITION OF HAND-FOOT SKIN REACTION FOLLOWING SORAFENIB THERAPY IN KOREAN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: J.H. Shim, Y.-H. Chung, J.A. Kim, E.-S. Shin, J.-H. Lee, D. Lee, H.C. Lee, J.H. Yoon, B.I. Kim, S.H. Bae, K.G. Koh, G. Kim, N.-H. Park
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
ETHYLENE IN OBSTETRICS
Authors: E. D. PLASS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

It is generally agreed by those who have used both nitrous oxide-oxygen and ethylene-oxygen in obstetric work that the latter has the following advantages: Ethylene has a shorter induction period. It produces better analgesia and anesthesia in less concentrations, since it is the more powerful anesthetic agent. It promotes better relaxation, with the result that the addition of ether is less frequently necessary. It induces less cyanosis and less fetal asphyxia. It does not cause sweating or an increase of saliva and mucus in the mouth. It has a greater margin of safety, especially in patients with heart and kidney complications. It is less expensive. Its possible disadvantages, as gathered from the available literature, may be enumerated thus: Vomiting is probably more frequent, although it is usually mild in character and quite transient. Labor may be slightly prolonged, especially if the gas is given for any considerable period. There may
THE USE AND ABUSE OF HYPNOTICS.
Authors: W. BLAIR STEWART
Journal: JAMA (1904)

"Take a trional powder when you retire and you will not be troubled with insomnia." This is a too common advice given to the laity and patients when either time or lack of interest prevents a thorough examination for the cause of the insomnia. Before failing into the rut of routine hypnotics, it is well to take more time to study every case of insomnia and ferret out the cause, remove it if possible, and little sleep-giving medicine will be needed. It should be remembered that insomnia is a condition or symptom dependent on some disturbing influence in or out of the body. Why give a hypnotic if acute indigestion is the cause; if high or moderate fever is present; if there is an earache, toothache or severe neuralgia; if a brass band is playing next door; if some unusual noise is disturbing? Do we always stop to consider and
Complete Heart Block with Stokes-Adams Syndrome Due to Rheumatoid Heart Disease
Authors: James D. C. Gowans
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

SINCE Baggenstoss and Rosenberg1 reported lesions in the myocardium of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis similar in structure to subcutaneous nodules, a number of pathological reports of granulomatous heart involvement in this disease have been published.2 3 4 5 Because of the nature of these granulomas, interference with conduction is to be expected. A survey of the literature, however, revealed only 1 case in which complete heart block developed and led directly to the death of the patient.6 Case ReportA 59-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room because of sudden, transient loss of consciousness. Subsequently, repeated brief attacks of unconsciousness . . .
1155 Efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients
Authors: Y BENHAMOU, C PIKETTY, C KATLAMA, W ROZEMBAUM, D NEAU, A LAFEUILLADE, D REY, Y YAZDANPANAH, P TRIMOULET, H FLEURY
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion is an important clinical and virological “landmark” during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Mutant viruses carrying the precore G1896A and/or the basal core promoter (BCP) A1762T/G1764A mutations are associated with HBeAg seroconversion. However, the exact role of these mutants in HBeAg seroconversion remains unclear, partly because the evolution of these mutant viruses before and after seroconversion has not been well studied.Using our novel mutant quantification methods, the percentage of the mutant viruses was analyzed both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, before and after seroconversion.Cross-sectional analysis showed that the percentage of both precore and BCP mutants gradually increased with age in the HBeAg-positive population. Follow-up of 18 HBeAg-positive patients revealed that the mutant percentage may stay low and stable for many years, followed by a steady increase in the percentage of G1896A and/or A1762T/G1764A mutants, from <10% to 50–100%, within about 3 years prior to seroconversion. In all cases, increase of mutant percentage was preceded or accompanied by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase. After the seroconversion, the mutant percentage could remain high or decrease significantly, sometimes to below 20%.Levels of G1896A and A1762T/G1764A mutants (of genotypes B and C) in the HBeAg-positive patients may predict the time of HBeAg seroconversion. The dominance of these mutants in the HBeAg-positive phase is more likely the result of immune selection rather than the enhanced replication capability of the mutants. However, anti-HBe antibody may not be a major selection force for these mutants.
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase and cardiac remodelling: location, location, location?
Authors: D. J. Duncker, E. D. van Deel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

This editorial refers to ‘Endothelial nitric oxide synthase of the bone marrow regulates myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and angiogenesis’ by A. Kazakov et al. , pp. 397–405, this issue. 

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in response to an increased systolic load is a compensatory mechanism that aims to restore LV pump function to normal levels. Clinically, chronic systolic LV overload most commonly results from myocardial infarction (MI), or chronic pressure overload, including hypertension and aortic stenosis.1 Despite the apparent appropriateness of the hypertrophy process, LVH in response to these pathological processes constitutes an independent risk factor for developing angina pectoris and congestive heart failure.1 The mechanisms underlying the progressive deterioration in LV function remain incompletely understood but include myocardial blood flow abnormalities, as the coronary vascular tree fails to grow commensurate with the degree of LVH.2,3 The resulting impaired myocardial O2 delivery contributes to cardiac contractile dysfunction, apoptosis, and fibrosis.2,3 In contrast to LVH produced by MI or pressure overload, LVH produced by regular dynamic physical exercise is associated with a decreased risk for coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure. Indeed, exercise-induced LVH is associated with an increased myocardial perfusion capacity and normal to increased LV contractile function,4 …
Causes of death in hepatitis B and/or C virus infected–people—lessons for clinical practice
Authors: Frank Tacke, Christian Trautwein, Kris Kowdley, Geoffrey McCaughan, Christian Trautwein
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Background: Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections are common causes of death related to liver disease. In this large study, we aimed to investigate all cause mortality of the viruses in a community-based setting. Methods: In the study population, 39,109 people had hepatitis B, 75,834 had hepatitis C, and 2,604 had hepatitis B and hepatitis C co-infection, notified to the New South Wales state health department, Australia, between 1990 and 2002. Their data were probabilistically linked to the National Death Index. Standardised mortality ratios for all causes of death were calculated and adjusted for age, sex, and calendar year. Results:The number of deaths identified by the linkage were 1233 (3.2%) for hepatitis B, 4008 (5.3%) for hepatitis C, and 186 (7.1%) for hepatitis B and C co-infection. Raised risk of liver-related death (standardised mortality ratios 12.2, 95% CI 10. 7-13.9; 16.8, 15.4-18.3, and 32.9, 23.1-46.7, for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B and C co- infected patients, respectively) and drug-induced death (1.4, 1.0-2.0; 19.3, 18.1-20.5; and 24.7, 18.2-33.5, respectively) were detected. In people with hepatitis C, raised risk of dying from drug-related causes was significantly greater than from liver-related causes (p= 0.012), with the greatest excess risk in women aged 15-24 years (56.9, 39.2-79.9). Interpretation: All groups had increased risk of liver-related death compared with the standard population, with the greatest excess in people diagnosed with hepatitis B and hepatitis C co-infection. Our data highlight that young people with hepatitis C and with co-infection face a higher mortality risk from continued drug use than from their infection, whereas the main cause of hepatitis B death was liver related.
Is It Good Practice to Treat Patients With Uncomplicated Myocardial Infarction at Home?
Authors: Sam C. Eggertsen
Journal: JAMA (1984)

UNDER WHAT circumstances might a patient with an apparently uncomplicated myocardial infarction be treated at home? This question has never been satisfactorily answered. Recently, a 70-year-old man was initially seen at our office with a history and ECG consistent with a lateral-wall myocardial infarction with likely onset 72 hours before the visit. When hospitalization was recommended, the patient adamantly refused but wanted us to continue providing his medical care. He went home and had an uncomplicated recovery. He continues to do well and is at full activity 18 months after infarction. Perhaps our patient instinctively chose what was best for him. There is evidence to support his choice. The original descriptions of the coronary care unit (CCU) were published in 1963. Brown and co-workers,<sup>1</sup>describing an intensive care center for the treatment of myocardial infarction, noted that in the first year the mortality rate of those in the intensive