tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Congenital heart malformations associated with disproportionate ventricular septal thickening.
Authors: B J Maron, J E Edwards, V J Ferrans, C E Clark, E A Lebowitz, W L Henry, S E Epstein
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Asymmetric septal hypertrophy, or ASH, is a genetically determined myocardial disorder that is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. ASH is characterized by a disproportionately thickened ventricular septum that contains numerous hypertrophied, bizarrely-shaped and disorganized cardiac muscle cells. Disproportionate hypertrophy of the ventricular septum has also been observed in association with certain congenital cardiac malformations. To determine whether such congenital cardiac malformations are part of the disease spectrum of genetically determined ASH, cardiac pathologic observations were made in eight patients with disproportionate septal thickening (ventricular septal to posterobasal left ventricular free wall thickness ratios of 1.5 to 2.5) and the following three categories of associated lesions: 1) parachute deformity of the mitral valve (occurring either as an isolated lesion or with ventricular septal defect, coarctation of the aorta, supravalvular ring of the left atrium, or double outlet right ventricle); 2) complete interruption of the aortic arch; and 3) ventricular septal defect. The arrangement of cardiac muscle cells in the disproportionately thickened ventricular septum was normal in six of the eight patients; in the other two patients (one with parachute deformity of the mitral valve and one with ventricular septal defect) numerous bundles of hypertrophied cardiac muscle cells were interlaced in a disorganized fashion among more normally arranged bundles of cells. First degree relatives of six of the eight patients were studied by echocardiography and found to have normal ventricular wall thicknesses and septal-free wall ratios. It is concluded that disproportionate ventricular septal thickening may occur in patients with a variety of congenital heart malformations, but that such a finding is not necessarily a manifestation of the disease spectrum of genetically determined ASH.
The Myc-evoked DNA damage response accounts for treatment resistance in primary lymphomas in vivo
Authors: Maurice Reimann, Christoph Loddenkemper, Cornelia Rudolph, Ines Schildhauer, Bianca Teichmann, Harald Stein, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Bernd Dörken, Clemens A. Schmitt
Journal: Blood (2007)
Statistical Methods in the Study of Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: LLOYD E. CHAMBLESS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Analysis of statistical methods used in matched case-control studies of toxic shock syndrome shows that matching has implications for validity and precision of the studies and for the choice of analysis techniques. The studies considered accounted for the matching in the analysis, either by the Mantel-Haenszel or Miettinen-Pike-Morrow approach to 1-to-M matched designs, or by the use of conditional maximum likelihood fitting of logistic regression models. Methods of dealing with confounding and effect modification in the (matched) logistic regression model are presented in the context of studies of toxic shock syndrome. The varied statistical techniques used in these studies were generally appropriate to the matched design except that nonmatching variables were not thoroughly considered as effect modifiers or confounders.
Unexpected rise in deaths among older patients leaves experts guessing over the likely cause
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Deaths among older people have risen markedly since the beginning of 2012, prompting Public Health England to launch an investigation into what is causing the rise.

Experts are divided over what could have caused the increase in mortality. There is speculation that cuts to the NHS and social care budgets have had a detrimental impact on services for older people and triggered more deaths. But others say that life expectancy may simply be starting to plateau or that the rise could be a natural fluctuation in statistics, perhaps prompted by unusual weather patterns.

The increased deaths are revealed in an internal report prepared by Public Health England using weekly all-cause death registrations data from the Office for National Statistics, which has been seen by the BMJ .

The report stated that in the year to the end of June 2013 there were 23 400 (5%) more deaths than the 455 000 expected. Furthermore, there were 14 200 (3%) more deaths in the first half of 2013 than …
What is the Utility of Selected Clinical and Endoscopic Parameters in Predicting the Risk of Death after Caustic Ingestion?
Authors: G. P. Rigo, L. Camellini, F. Azzolini, S. Guazzetti, G. Bedogni, A. Merighi, L. Bellis, A. Scarcelli, F. Manenti
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Despite the increasing use of early esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the prognostic evaluation and triage of patients who have ingested caustic material is challenging. We evaluated the usefulness of selected clinical and endoscopic parameters in predicting the risk of death after ingestion of caustic substances.Clinical and endoscopic parameters were obtained from the records of all the patients admitted to our endoscopy unit because of ingestion of caustic material between 1 March 1982 and 30 June 1999. Parameters significantly associated with the risk of death by univariate analysis were entered into a multivariate logistic model. The independent predictors of death by multivariate analysis were used to build a risk score system.Out of 210 patients, 13 underwent emergency surgery (6.2 %) and 25 died (11.9 %). Multivariate analysis identified the following as independent predictors of death: age (10-year intervals; odds ratio [OR] 2.4; 95 % confidence interval 1.4 - 4.1), ingestion of strong acids (OR 7.9; 1.8 - 35.3), white blood cell count at admission > or = 20 000 units/mm3 (OR 6.0; 1.3-28), deep gastric ulcers (OR 9.7; 1.4 - 66.8), and gastric necrosis (OR 20.9; 4.7 - 91.8). The values of the risk score system devised from the results of the multivariate analysis ranged from 1 to 16. No patient scoring < 10 points died and just one of the patients scoring > 14 points survived.Age, ingestion of a strong acid, leucocytosis, deep gastric ulcers, and gastric necrosis are predictive of death after caustic ingestion. A risk score system including these predictors may be useful in prognostic evaluation.
Bone and Gallium Scan Findings in Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma
Authors: J KEVIN MACKEY, BOIANA ALEXIEVA-JACKSON, DAVID V. FETTERS, SUSAN M. EDWARDS, J PATRICK McBRIDE, RICHARD L. COLE, WILLIAM G. TRAPP
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is the most common soft tissue malignancy in adults. The Ga-67 citrate scan findings of an extremity-located MFH, the most common location of this neoplasm, have never been published in English language journals to the best of the authors' knowledge. Ga-67 citrate and Tc-99m MDP scans of the thigh mass accurately depicted the tumor's local extent, including the presence of central ischemic necrosis within the tumor, and the absence of adjacent osseous involvement and distant metastases, as correlated with computed tomography, angiography, and pathologic examinations.
Abstract 2949: miR-16 is an in vivo suppressor of gastrointestinal tumorigenesis
Authors: Ashleigh E. Moore, Lisa E. Young, Jan Weiler, Nicole Meisner-Kober, Dan A. Dixon
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Commonly observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) is elevated expression of the prostaglandin synthase cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In normal intestinal epithelium, the COX-2 mRNA is normally targeted for rapid decay through RNA elements present within its 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR), whereas in tumors rapid mRNA decay is compromised. To understand the mechanisms controlling COX-2 mRNA fate, we show that the COX-2 3′UTR can mediate mRNA degradation through microRNA-mediated regulation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that bind within the 3′UTR of target mRNAs and function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. MiR-16 was identified to bind the COX-2 3′UTR and inhibit COX-2 expression by promoting rapid mRNA decay. Given the importance of miR-16 in cancer development, we examined miR-16 expression in CRC tumor specimens and cancer cells and observed a 2-fold decrease in miR-16 levels. Additionally, expression of miR-16 in cancer cells attenuated COX-2 expression and prostaglandin synthesis. The in vivo role of miR-16 in the initiation and development of colorectal cancer was examined using ApcMin/+ mice, a mouse model of intestinal neoplasia. To accomplish this, endogenous miR-16 was inhibited in the GI tract using an anti-miR oligonucleotide (AMO) against miR-16 containing 2′-O-(2-Methoxyethyl) modification with unmodified PO backbone. 50 mg/kg of AMO-16 or control AMO containing 4 nucleotide-mismatch of the AMO miR-16 sequence were administered by oral gavage to 8 week old ApcMin/+ and C57Bl/6 control mice twice a week over a 3-week period. Specific inhibition of miR-16 in intestinal tissue was observed. Over the treatment course, control mice displayed normal growth characteristics. Gross and histological analysis did not reveal any morphological changes in the GI tract of AMO-16-treated C57Bl/6 mice. In contrast, a significant 2-fold increase in small intestinal tumor burden was observed in ApcMin/+ mice treated with AMO-16 compared to control AMO (55.7 +/− 5.0 vs. 99.1 +/− 7.9, P = 0.0001). Gene expression analysis showed increased COX-2 and several miR-16 target cell cycle regulatory genes including cyclin D1, cyclin D3, cyclin E1, and CDK6 in AMO-16-treated small intestinal tissue from ApcMin/+ mice compared with AMO control treated mice, with the greatest level of altered expression observed in the proximal portion of the small intestine. These results identify miR-16 as a central post-transcriptional regulator of COX-2 along with other transcripts associated with promoting cancer cell proliferation, and reveal miR-16 to have tumor-suppressor properties in GI tumorigenesis downstream of a tumor-initiating event. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2949. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2949
More than 100 000 Europeans die prematurely each year from drinking, report warns
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Alcohol is responsible for the premature deaths of 115 000 Europeans every year, says a major report that could set the European Union on a collision course with the brewing industry. The report, which is funded by the European Commission and will provide the evidence base for this year's EU alcohol strategy, shows levels of alcohol related ill health across the continent that are far higher than expected.

It concludes that drinking is responsible for 7.4% of all cases of ill health and early death in the EU as well as being the leading cause of death among young men. In terms of …
PI3K regulates pleckstrin-2 in T-cell cytoskeletal reorganization
Authors: Tami L. Bach, Wesley T. Kerr, Yanfeng Wang, Eve Marie Bauman, Purnima Kine, Eileen L. Whiteman, Renell S. Morgan, Edward K. Williamson, E. Michael Ostap, Janis K. Burkhardt, Gary A. Koretzky, Morris J. Birnbaum, Charles S. Abrams
Journal: Blood (2006)
Gastrointestinal Polyposis with Mucocutaneous Pigmentation (Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome)
Authors: Thomas L. Dormandy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE syndrome of familial gastrointestinal polyposis associated with pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes was described by Peutz1 in 1921, but only during the last six years has its comparative frequency been generally recognized. Since Jeghers et al.2 gave their masterly account of 10 patients suffering from this condition more than 60 cases have been recorded, and several "probable" and "possible" cases brought to light from the medical, surgical and dermatologic literature of the past sixty years.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 The poor recognition of the syndrome makes an accurate estimate of its prevalence still impossible, but the fact that several observers, aware . . .
The use of Doppler flow velocity measurement to assess the hemodynamic response to vasodilators in patients with heart failure.
Authors: U Elkayam, J M Gardin, R Berkley, C A Hughes, W L Henry
Journal: Circulation (1983)

To determine if the hemodynamic response to vasodilator therapy can be assessed noninvasively by pulsed Doppler velocimetry, we compared the hemodynamic changes after treatment to changes in Doppler aortic blood flow measurements. The relationship between the absolute values and percent changes of invasively measured systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and stroke volume (SV) and Doppler-measured peak flow velocity (PFV), left ventricular ejection time (ET) and flow velocity integral (FVI) were evaluated. Measurements were made during 18 drug interventions in 13 patients treated with vasodilator agents for congestive heart failure (CHF). A poor correlation was found between the absolute values of either SVR or SV and the absolute values of each of the three Doppler aortic blood flow indexes studied. In contrast, a good correlation was found between percent changes in aortic PFV and in SVR (r = -0.89), and between percent changes in Doppler aortic FVI and in SV (r = 0.88). The correlation between percent changes in SVR and FVI revealed an r value of -0.65, while the correlation between percent changes in SVR and in ET showed an r value of -0.15. Percent changes in SV and either PFV or ET correlated with r values of 0.75 and 0.70, respectively. We conclude that Doppler aortic blood flow measurement can be used to assess quantitative changes in SVR and SV after vasodilator therapy. These findings suggest that it may be useful for evaluating vasodilator drug therapy in patients with CHF.
Surgical Treatment of Renal Failure of Renovascular Origin
Authors: George C. Morris
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Elevation of blood urea nitrogen in the hypertensive patient signifies a grave prognosis and a clinical problem for which medical management has been relatively ineffective. It has been demonstrated that renal failure in some of these patients may be the result of severely impaired renal blood flow produced by an extreme occlusive process localized in the main renal artery. Eight azotemic patients with extreme bilateral renal artery stenosis or marked unilateral renal artery narrowing with absence of the contralateral kidney survived operation directed toward restoration of normal circulation. Rapid improvement in renal function followed operation in each patient and hypertension was corrected or significantly reduced in all the patients.
SUPPLEMENTARY ROLE OF Tc-99m SULPHUR COLLOID (Tc-99m SC) BONE MARROW SCANNING IN Tc-99m HMPAO LEUKOCYTE (Tc-99m WBC) SCINTIGRAPHY OF OSTEOMYELITIS
Authors: JE Powe, GA Hurwitz, AG Mattar, RH Reid, AA Driedger, C Champagne
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

S of the Society of Nuclear Medicine in Canada and Prairie Provinces Chapter, SNM Conjoint Meeting: PDF Only
Tailoring to the Needs of One's Practice: It's about Time
Authors: Edward J. Volpintesta
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters16 October 2007Tailoring to the Needs of One's Practice: It's about TimeEdward J. Volpintesta, MDEdward J. Volpintesta, MDFrom Bethel, CT 06801.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Perhaps the most important statement made by Duffy and Holmboe in their editorial on which procedures internists should do was the one about “tailoring procedural skills to the needs of one's clinical practice setting” (1).This concept is long overdue. It applies not just to procedural skills, but also to the recertification process—not just for internal medicine, but for family practice as well.Why? It is almost a truism that the scope of knowledge and skills of practicing, nonacademic generalists, who have been in practice for many years, become narrowed because they limit their practices in some ...Reference1. Duffy FD, Holmboe ES. What procedures should internists do? [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:392-3. [PMID: 17339625] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Bethel, CT 06801.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoWhat Procedures Should Internists Do? F. Daniel Duffy and Eric S. Holmboe Relevance of Recertification for Primary Care Physicians Seyed H. Aleali Relevance of Recertification for Primary Care Physicians Edward J. Volpintesta Metrics Cited ByRelevance of Recertification for Primary Care PhysiciansSeyed H. Aleali, MD 16 October 2007Volume 147, Issue 8Page: 592KeywordsConflicts of interestHospitalistsMedical educationResidency ePublished: 16 October 2007 Issue Published: 16 October 2007 CopyrightCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Delayed Clearance of Diazepam Due to Cimetidine
Authors: Ulrich Klotz, Ingrid Reimann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

CIMETIDINE inhibits microsomal metabolism and hence impairs elimination of oral anticoagulants and the model drug antipyrine from the bloodstream.1 , 2 Diazepam and cimetidine are among the most widely used drugs, and many patients are treated with both at the same time. An interaction between these two drugs could be of clinical importance. We have written a preliminary report suggesting an effect of cimetidine on diazepam disposition.3 The present paper describes studies on the magnitude and possible mechanism of the interaction. We have investigated the effect of cimetidine on plasma levels of diazepam and antipyrine.MethodsThe crossover study consisted of four . . .
Molecular epidemiology studies on occupational and environmental exposure to mutagens and carcinogens, 1997-1999.
Authors: R J Srám, B Binková
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Molecular epidemiology is a new and evolving area of research, combining laboratory measurement of internal dose, biologically effective dose, biologic effects, and influence of individual susceptibility with epidemiologic methodologies. Biomarkers evaluated were selected according to basic scheme: biomarkers of exposure--metabolites in urine, DNA adducts, protein adducts, and Comet assay parameters; biomarkers of effect--chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, micronuclei, mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene, and the activation of oncogenes coding for p53 or p21 proteins as measured on protein levels; biomarkers of susceptibility--genetic polymorphisms of genes CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT2. DNA adducts measured by 32P-postlabeling are the biomarker of choice for the evaluation of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Protein adducts are useful as a biomarker for exposure to tobacco smoke (4-aminobiphenyl) or to smaller molecules such as acrylonitrile or 1,3-butadiene. Of the biomarkers of effect, the most common are cytogenetic end points. Epidemiologic studies support the use of chromosomal breakage as a relevant biomarker of cancer risk. The use of the Comet assay and methods analyzing oxidative DNA damage needs reliable validation for human biomonitoring. Until now there have not been sufficient data to interpret the relationship between genotypes, biomarkers of exposure, and biomarkers of effect for assessing the risk of human exposure to mutagens and carcinogens.
Telomere length and telomerase complex mutations in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: A M Aalbers, R T Calado, N S Young, C M Zwaan, C Wu, S Kajigaya, E A Coenen, A Baruchel, K Geleijns, V de Haas, G J L Kaspers, T W Kuijpers, D Reinhardt, J Trka, M Zimmermann, R Pieters, V H J van der Velden, M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
How are base rates used? Interactive and group effects
Authors: Peter J. McLeod, Margo Watt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Koehler is right that base rate information is used, to various degrees, both in laboratory tasks and in everyday life. However, it is not time to turn our backs on laboratory tasks and focus solely on ecologically valid decision making. Tightly controlled experimental data are still needed to understand how base rate information is used, and how this varies among groups.
NHS charges are a mess, say MPs
Authors: Andrew Cole
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The House of Commons health select committee this week calls for a complete reappraisal of the system of charging for services in the England's health service, including the possibility of scrapping prescription charges.

The current system of charging is a mess with no comprehensible underlying principles, it says in its report: “Charges have come about piecemeal, often in …
CHRONIC LEAD POISONING AND HYPERTENSION, WITH DEATH RESULTING FROM PERITONITIS; REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: JOHN Q. GRIFFITH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

Case Reports1 January 1948CHRONIC LEAD POISONING AND HYPERTENSION, WITH DEATH RESULTING FROM PERITONITIS; REPORT OF A CASEJOHN Q. GRIFFITH JR., RALPH JONES, M.D.JOHN Q. GRIFFITH JR.Search for more papers by this author, RALPH JONES, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-28-1-187 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFouts and Page1 were unable to produce arterial hypertension in two dogs poisoned with lead, and expressed doubt that lead was ever a cause of hypertension in man. Griffith and Lindauer,2 however, were able to produce arterial hypertension in rats chronically poisoned with lead and this has been confirmed by Diaz-Rivera and Horn.3 In the case here reported it is believed that chronic lead poisoning offers the best explanation for both the hypertension and the final fatal outcome.CASE REPORTOn February 16, 1943, a white girl, 20 years of age, was admitted to the medical ward of the Hospital...Bibliography1. FOUTSPAGE PJIH: Effect of chronic lead poisoning on arterial blood pressure in dogs, Am. Heart Jr., 1942, xxiv, 329. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. GRIFFITHLINDAUER JQMA: Effect of chronic lead poisoning on arterial blood pressure in rats, Am. Heart Jr., 1944, xxviii, 295. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. DIAZ-RIVERAHORN RSRC: Postmortem studies in hypertensive rats chronically intoxicated with lead acetate, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1945, lix, 161. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. LETONOFFREINHOLD TVJG: Colorimetric determination of lead chromates by diphenyl carbazide, Anal. Ed. Ind. and Eng. Chem., 1940, xii, 240. Google Scholar5. FISHBERG AM: Hypertension and nephritis, Ed. 4, 1939, Lea and Febiger Co., Philadelphia. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. MCGRATH EJ: Experimental peripheral gangrene; effect of estrogenic substance and its relation to thrombo-angiitis obliterans, Arch. Int. Med., 1935, lv, 942. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. GRIFFITHCOMROEZINN JQBICJ: Studies of blood volume in ergotamine tartrate poisoning in rats, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1939, xl, 177. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*Received for publication October 22, 1946.From the Robinette Foundation and the Medical Clinic of the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByIntoxikationenKlinik 1 January 1948Volume 28, Issue 1Page: 187-190KeywordsHospitalsHypertensionPeritonitisResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 January 1948 PDF DownloadLoading ...