tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PET Imaging in Qualitative Assessment of Response to Chemoradiation in Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Meng X. Welliver, Simin Dadparvar, Jonathan D. Cheng, Melvyn Goldberg, Walter Scott, Neal J. Meropol, Steven Cohen, Gary Freeman, Andre Konski, Jian Q. Yu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

s From the American College of Physicians 32nd Annual Meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, February 17-19, 2006
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Liver Involvement in Individuals with PiZZ-related Lung Disease
Authors: Muhammad F. Dawwas, Susan E. Davies, William J. H. Griffiths, David A. Lomas, Graeme J. Alexander
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

α1-Antitrypsin deficiency is one of the most common heritable human diseases, predisposing to liver and lung injury. Significant heterogeneity in phenotypic expression is well documented, but less is known of the prevalence, severity, and correlates of chronic liver disease among individuals presenting with lung disease.To determine the frequency of and risk factors for severe liver fibrosis and cirrhosis among individuals with PiZZ-related lung disease.A well-characterized cohort of 57 PiZZ adults attending a tertiary referral respiratory clinic was screened prospectively for clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and (when appropriate) histologic evidence of chronic liver disease.Thirty-six (63.2%) of 57 had a history or clinical findings suggestive of liver disease; or had one or more abnormalities of liver function, or liver ultrasound, and 24 of these underwent liver biopsy. Ten (17.5%) had evidence of severe fibrosis or cirrhosis and were more likely to have higher body mass index (P = 0.04), alanine transaminase (P = 0.0001), alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.0009), prothrombin time (P = 0.0005), and maximal vital capacity (VCmax) (P = 0.04); lower platelet count (P = 0.007); abnormal liver echogenicity (P < 0.001); and splenomegaly (P = 0.001) at ultrasound. Screening with liver ultrasound provided a sensitivity and negative predictive value for severe fibrosis or cirrhosis of 100%, as were the specificity and positive predictive value for platelet count less than or equal to 174,000 per mm(3) and splenomegaly. Among individuals undergoing liver biopsy, fibrosis stage correlated with increasing VCmax (P = 0.02) and % predicted VCmax (P = 0.05), and decreasing residual volume/total lung capacity (TLC) (P = 0.02) and % predicted residual volume/TLC (P = 0.05).Significant chronic liver disease is common in PiZZ individuals with lung disease and can be screened effectively by a combination of conventional tests of liver function, platelet count, and liver ultrasound.
Fatal Anaphylactoid Reaction After Dextran 40 Administration
Authors: Edith Flatau
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  In the letter Severe Anaphylaxis in Cirrhotic Patients Receiving Dextran 40, Adar and Schneiderman (237:119, 1977) suggested an increased sensitivity to dextran in cirrhotic patients. We report a case of fatal anaphylactoid reaction to dextran 40.  Report of a Case.—  A 52-year-old man, who was a heavy smoker and alcohol drinker, was suffering from chronic obstructive lung disease and thrombotic occlusion of the abdominal aorta. He was hospitalized because of a superimposed infection to his chronic obstructive lung disease, which caused a severe deterioration in his general condition. On admission he was cyanotic, confused, and dyspneic. Signs of occlusion of the abdominal aorta, with paraparesis attributed to the secondary involvement of the anterior spinal artery, were found. Liver function test results were greatly impaired: SGOT, 800 units/mL; SGPT, 1,025 units/mL; bilirubin, 3 mg/dL. The pH was 7.27; the pO 2 was 40 mm Hg; and the pCO
Abstract 3145: eIF4E, an adverse prognostic marker of melanoma patient survival, increases melanoma cell invasion
Authors: Shahram Khosravi, Gholamreza Safaee Ardekani, Magdalena Martinka, Christopher John Ong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Human cutaneous melanoma is a life-threatening skin cancer due to its invasive nature and high metastatic potential, leading to poor prognosis for melanoma patients. However, the mechanisms for melanoma invasion and metastasis are poorly understood. Human eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) has been shown to be associated with tumor progression in multiple cancer types. However, the role of eIF4E in melanoma progression is not very well known. We examined eIF4E expression in 448 melanocytic lesions at different stages using tissue microarray and found that positive eIF4E staining was significantly increased in primary melanomas compared to dysplastic nevi (P&amp;lt;0.001), and further increased in metastatic melanomas compared to primary melanomas (P=0.008). EIF4E expression was correlated with melanoma thickness (P&amp;lt;0.001) and was inversely correlated with overall and disease-specific 5-year survival of all and primary melanoma patients especially those with tumor ≥4mm thick combined with metastatic melanoma patients. Furthermore, positive eIF4E expression was significantly higher in AJCC stage I-II melanomas compared to stage III-IV melanomas. Multivariate Cox regression analysis also revealed that eIF4E is an independent prognostic marker. FACS analysis and sulforhodamine B (SRB) cell proliferation assay showed that eIF4E knockdown in melanoma cells resulted in a significant increase and decrease in apoptosis and cell proliferation, respectively. EIF4E knockdown in melanoma cells also resulted in a down regulation of mesenchymal markers such as vimentin, N-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the EMT inducing transcription factor Twist. Additionally eIF4E knockdown in melanoma cells led to a decrease in the expression of c-Myc and Bcl2 and an increase in the expression of cleaved PARP and cleaved Caspase3. Moreover, down regulation of eIF4E resulted in a decrease in both melanoma cell invasion and MMP-2 activity. Taken together our data suggests the eIF4E may promote melanoma cell invasion and metastasis by inducing EMT and preventing apoptosis and also by increasing MMP-2 activity. EIF4E may also serve as a promising prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for melanoma. Citation Format: Shahram Khosravi, Gholamreza Safaee Ardekani, Magdalena Martinka, Christopher John Ong. eIF4E, an adverse prognostic marker of melanoma patient survival, increases melanoma cell invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3145. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3145
The Effect of Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning on Serum Lipoproteins Associated with Atherosclerosis
Authors: F. T. PIERCE, J. W. GOFMAN
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Carbon tetrachloride was injected into normal rabbits and the levels of S f 3-12, 12-20, and 20-40 classes of lipoproteins were determined during the course of these injections. A marked increase in concentration of these three classes of lipoproteins occurred during the administration of carbon tetrachloride. After the cessation of this drug, the lipoproteins of largest S f rate returned to normal first with those of lower S f rate returning to normal levels in the order of decreasing S f rates. Rabbits fed cholesterol were also injected with carbon tetrachloride, and their lipoproteins continued to increase after cessation of this drug.
The effect of ABT-761, a novel 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, on exercise- and adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects.
Authors: J Van Schoor, G F Joos, J C Kips, J F Drajesk, P J Carpentier, R A Pauwels
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Leukotrienes have been implicated in the bronchoconstriction caused by indirect stimuli. In the present study we examined the effect of oral ABT-761, a novel 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor, on exercise- and adenosine (AMP)-induced bronchoconstriction in nine asthmatics. At the four 1-d, single-dose treatment periods, ABT-761 (200 mg) or placebo (P) was ingested 5 h before challenge in a double-blind, crossover fashion. At study periods 1 and 2 the subjects performed an exercise challenge and at study periods 3 and 4 an AMP challenge. Pretreatment with ABT-761 caused a significant inhibition of the maximal percentage fall of FEV1 from baseline (p = 0.037) and a reduction of the percentage fall in FEV1 (area under the curve, AUC) of 61.4 +/- 14.1% (mean +/- SEM) after exercise challenge (p = 0.021). Although pretreatment with ABT-761 did not significantly inhibit the maximal fall of FEV1 after AMP challenge (p = 0.134), the overall bronchoconstriction was significantly inhibited, the AUC being reduced by a mean (+/- SEM) of 82.7 +/- 7.2% (p = 0.012). There was no significant correlation between the protective effect against exercise and that against AMP for individual patients. The percentage change in urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) excretion at exercise was + 18.1 +/- 10.9% on placebo and -44.8 +/- 6.2% after ABT-761 (p = 0.017); changes at adenosine were + 38.5 +/- 27.0% on placebo and -36.7 +/- 9.8% after ABT-761 (p = 0.028). On placebo, exercise produced a marked stimulation of the ex vivo LTB4 production, whereas adenosine was associated with only a minor increase; ABT-761 caused a greater than 90% inhibition (p < 0.05 for both challenges). We conclude that ABT-761 is a potent and long-acting 5-LO inhibitor which significantly attenuates exercise- and adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction, indicating that leukotrienes are important mediators in both challenges.
Decrease of ultraviolet A light–induced “common deletion” in healthy volunteers after oral Polypodium leucotomos extract supplement in a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Adriana Villa, Martha H. Viera, Sadegh Amini, Ran Huo, Oliver Perez, Phillip Ruiz, Alexandra Amador, George Elgart, Brian Berman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2010)
Amyloidosis, Deafness, Urticaria, and Limb Pains: A Hereditary Syndrome
Authors: JOSEPH T. BLACK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

In 1962 a syndrome of hereditary amyloidosis, nerve deafness, urticaria, and limb pains was first described. Since then several isolated cases have been reported. Three generations of a kindred in which five members had nephropathy, deafness, urticaria, and arthralgias are presented here. Two of these five individuals were found to have renal amyloidosis.
Veterans of the first Gulf war are developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

US veterans of the 1991 Persian Gulf war are twice as likely as the general public to develop amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a type of motor neurone disease. This is a finding of two studies published in the current issue of the journal Neurology (2003; 61: 742–9, 750–6).

The condition, known in the United States as Lou Gehrig's disease (after the baseball player who …
Respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viruses during the first 3 months of life promote a local Th2-like response
Authors: Sigurdur Kristjansson, Stefania P. Bjarnarson, Göran Wennergren, Aslaug H. Palsdottir, Thorgerdur Arnadottir, Asgeir Haraldsson, Ingileif Jonsdottir
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Toxicological investigations of pollutant-related effects in Great Lakes gulls.
Authors: D B Peakall, G A Fox
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Reproductive failure of a number of fish-eating birds was observed on the Great Lakes in the mid-1960s to mid-1970s. The herring gull (Larus argentatus) has been used as the primary monitoring species. The low hatching success observed in this species on Lake Ontario in the mid-1970s was due to loss of eggs and failure of eggs to hatch. Egg exchange experiments demonstrated that this was due both to the incubation behavior of adults and to direct embryotoxic effects. Decrease of nest attentiveness was demonstrated using telemetered eggs, but attempts to reproduce the embryonic effects by injection of pollutant mixtures into eggs were not successful. Reproductive success improved rapidly during the late 1970s and was normal by the end of the decade. Recent studies have focused on cytogenetic and biochemical changes and detailed analytical chemistry of residues. No changes in the rate of sister chromatid exchange over values determined in coastal colonies were observed. Elevation of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, levels of highly carboxylated porphyrins, and changes of thyroid function have been found. The geographic pattern of these changes indicates that they are caused by xenobiotics, but it has not been possible to relate the changes to a specific chemical.
The RAB25 small GTPase determines aggressiveness of ovarian and breast cancers
Authors: Kwai Wa Cheng, John P Lahad, Wen-lin Kuo, Anna Lapuk, Kyosuke Yamada, Nelly Auersperg, Jinsong Liu, Karen Smith-McCune, Karen H Lu, David Fishman, Joe W Gray, Gordon B Mills
Journal: Nature Medicine (2004)
Effects of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine on fetal hemoglobin levels, red cell adhesion, and hematopoietic differentiation in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Yogen Saunthararajah, Cheryl A. Hillery, Don Lavelle, Robert Molokie, Louise Dorn, Linda Bressler, Stefana Gavazova, Yi-Hsiang Chen, Ronald Hoffman, Joseph DeSimone
Journal: Blood (2003)
Calcium Nephrolithiasis and Medullary Sponge Kidney in Women
Authors: Joan H. Parks, Fredric L. Coe, Amy L. Strauss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

IT has never been clear whether the natural history of calcium renal stone disease is different in women and men, because women are less frequently affected and constitute only a minor fraction of patients in published series.1 2 3 We present evidence that women with calcium nephrolithiasis have more frequent stones and more infections, cystoscopic examinations, and hospitalizations than men, and more often have concurrent medullary sponge kidney.Medullary sponge kidney is a disorder in which the papillary collecting ducts are dilated; stones are common.4 The condition is diagnosed according to radiographic criteria that include radial strands or cystic collections of contrast . . .
Reactivity of amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein with concanavallin A in diagnosis of neural tube defects.
Authors: C J Smith, P C Kelleher, L Belanger, L Dallaire
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concanavallin-A-affinity molecular variant patterns were determined in amniotic fluid samples from 10 pregnancies complicated by anencephaly (6), spina bifida (1), Turner9s syndrome (1), osteogenesis imperfecta congenita (1), and fetal death (1) and 20 normal pregnancies between 14.6 and 25.5 weeks of gestation. With the exception of one anencephalic pregnancy, the AFP concentrations in samples from women with a fetal abnormality were more than 5 SD above normal for gestational age. In every case, however, the proportion of total amniotic fluid AFP that was not reactive with concanavallin A was significantly smaller in the presence of a fetal abnormality (mean 2%) than when the fetus was normal (mean 20%). The results suggest that measuring the amount of concanavallin-A-non-reactive amniotic fluid AFP will be a valuable test for diagnosing fetal abnormality, especially when an increase in total amniotic fluid AFP concentration is equivocal or gestational age is uncertain.
Abstract 3359: JMJD5 regulates PKM2 nuclear translocation and reprograms HIF-1α-mediated glucose metabolism
Authors: Hung-Jung Wang, Ya-Ju Hsieh, Wen-Chi Cheng, Chun-Pu Lin, Yu-Shan Lin, So-Fang Yang, Chung-Ching Chen, Yoshihiro Izumiya, Jau-Song Yu, Hsing-Jien Kung, Wen-Ching Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract JMJD5, a JmjC-domain containing dioxygenase, is important for embryonic development and cancer growth. Here, we show that JMJD5 is up-regulated by hypoxia and is crucial for hypoxia-induced cell proliferation. JMJD5 interacts directly with PKM2, pyruvate kinase M2, to modulate metabolic flux in cancer cells. The JMJD5-PKM2 interaction resides at the intersubunit interface region of PKM2, which hinders PKM2 tetramerization and blocks pyruvate kinase activity. This interaction also influences translocation of PKM2 into the nucleus and promotes HIF-1α-mediated transactivation. JMJD5 knockdown inhibits the transcription of the PKM2-HIF-1α target genes involved in glucose metabolism, resulting in a reduction of glucose uptake and lactate secretion in cancer cells. JMJD5, along with PKM2 and HIF-1α are all recruited to the HRE (hypoxia response element) site in the LDHA and PKM2 loci, and mediates the recruitment of the latter two proteins. Our data uncovers a new mechanism whereby PKM2 can be regulated by factor-binding induced homo/hetero-oligomeric restructuring, paving the way to cell metabolic reprogram. Citation Format: Hung-Jung Wang, Ya-Ju Hsieh, Wen-Chi Cheng, Chun-Pu Lin, Yu-Shan Lin, So-Fang Yang, Chung-Ching Chen, Yoshihiro Izumiya, Jau-Song Yu, Hsing-Jien Kung, Wen-Ching Wang. JMJD5 regulates PKM2 nuclear translocation and reprograms HIF-1α-mediated glucose metabolism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3359. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3359
Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy for Upper Urinary Tract Calculi
Authors: Robert A. Riehle
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Four hundred sixty-seven patients with symptomatic upper urinary tract calculi underwent extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) at The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center during the first year. Ninety-five percent of stones were completely treated with one ESWL session. An analysis of 300 treatments revealed that the overall stone-free rate (success) three months after treatment was 75%. The stone-free rate for patients with renal pelvic calculi less than or equal to 20 mm in diameter was 91%. Individual patient stone-free rates depended on stone size (burden), position, composition, and quality of disintegration. Two percent of treatments failed to disintegrate the targeted stone. Complications were minimal. Seven percent of treatments were followed by a secondary endoscopic procedure to facilitate complete stone passage, and 23% of treatments were preceded by cystoscopy with ureteral stent placement of manipulation of stones. Combined therapy utilizing percutaneous surgery or multiple sequential ESWL treatments is necessary for complex stones, and ureteroscopy or basket extraction remains the treatment of choice for distal ureteral calculi.
Prognosis for patients with chronic low back pain: inception cohort study
Authors: L. d. C M. Costa, C. G Maher, J. H McAuley, M. J Hancock, R. D Herbert, K. M Refshauge, N. Henschke
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objectives</b> To describe the course of chronic low back pain in an inception cohort and to identify prognostic markers at the onset of chronicity. <b>Design</b> Inception cohort study with one year follow-up. <b>Setting</b> Primary care clinics in Sydney, Australia. <b>Participants</b> The study sample was a subcohort of an inception cohort of 973 consecutive patients presenting to primary care with acute low back pain (&lt;2 weeks’ duration). 406 participants whose pain persisted for three months formed the inception cohort of patients with chronic low back pain. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Outcomes and putative predictors measured at initial presentation, onset of chronicity (study entry), and follow-up at nine and 12 months. Recovery was determined from measures of pain intensity, disability, and work status. The association between potential prognostic factors and time to recovery was modelled with Cox regression. <b>Results</b> Completeness of follow-up was 97% of total person time for all outcomes. The cumulative probability of being pain-free was 35% at nine months and 42% at 12 months and for complete recovery was 35% at nine months and 41% at 12 months. Of the 259 participants who had not recovered from pain related disability at entry to the chronic study, 47% had recovered by 12 months. Previous sick leave due to low back pain, high disability levels or high pain intensity at onset of chronicity, low levels of education, greater perceived risk of persistent pain, and being born outside Australia were associated with delayed recovery. <b>Conclusion</b> More than one third of patients with recent onset, non-radicular chronic low back pain recover within 12 months. The prognosis is less favourable for those who have taken previous sick leave for low back pain, have high disability levels or high pain intensity at onset of chronic low back pain, have lower education, perceive themselves as having a high risk of persistent pain, and were born outside Australia.
Mortality related to cold weather in elderly people in southeast England, 1979-94
Authors: G C Donaldson, W R Keatinge
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Non-templated poly(A) tails are added to the 3′-end of most mRNAs, which have important roles in post-transcriptional regulation<sup>1–3</sup>. Recent studies have revealed that poly(A) tails are not composed purely of A residues, but also contain U, C and G residues internally and at their 3′-ends<sup>4–6</sup>, revealing new levels of complexity. However, no method is able to analyze these internal and terminal non-A residues simultaneously. Here, we developed a new method called PAIso-seq2 which captures RNA 3′-ends by direct 3′ adaptor ligation and rRNA removal by CRISPR/Cas9. This method allows simultaneous evaluation of the poly(A) tail length and 5′-end, internal, and 3′-end non-A residues together with the full-length cDNA for a transcript. Applying this method, we achieved the first complete transcriptome-wide 3′ tail map of mRNA within the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments of mammalian cells, uncovering differences in poly(A) tail length and non-A residues between these two mRNA populations. A survey of diverse eukaryotic species revealed the conservation of a subset of poly(A) tails containing consecutive U residues in the internal positions, whereas those with consecutive C or G residues were of much lower abundance. Together, we established the first method to be able to comprehensively analyze poly(A) tail 5′-end, internal and 3′-end non-A residues in addition to the length simultaneously, and reveal the first complete mRNA 3′ tail map, providing rich insights into the regulatory roles of poly(A) tails.