tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Some Practical Points in the Care of Cardiacs.
Authors: Samuel T. Levine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Some Practical Points in the Care of Cardiacs.Samuel T. Levine, M.D., F.A.C.P.Samuel T. Levine, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1158_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere are numerous simple points in the care of cardiacs that are being neglected or overlooked. This has happened as a sacrifice in the great and valuable advances that have taken place in modern cardiology. Modern cardiac surgery, cardiac catheterization studies, and the use of mechanical and electrical devices have radically changed the outlook and the treatment of the patient with heart disease. As a result, other and older aspects of cardiac care have been neglected. This applies to the field of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. For example, detecting a short presystolic murmur at the apex on turning the patient... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Samuel T. Levine, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1158-1158KeywordsCardiac surgeryCardiovascular therapyCatheterizationHeart diseasesLongitudinal studiesPatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Researchers move closer to predicting aggressiveness of prostate cancer
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Researchers have identified a genetic pattern that predicts the likelihood that prostate cancer will recur. The study, published in Lancet Oncology (doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70295-3) found that men with the highest levels of expression of a set of 31 genes associated with cell cycle progression (CCP genes) were three times as likely to have recurrent prostate cancer as those with the lowest levels.

Jack Cuzick, professor of epidemiology at Queen Mary, University of London, and the study’s lead author, said, “Our findings have great potential. CCP genes are expressed at higher levels in actively growing cells, so we could be indirectly …
Estimating Treatment Effects From Observational Data
Authors: Karin B. Michels, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Factors affecting gall-stone dissolution rate during chenic acid therapy.
Authors: D P Maudgal, R M Kupfer, T C Northfield
Journal: Gut (1983)

Gall-stone dissolution rate was measured in 52 patients with radiolucent gall stones in a functioning gall bladder receiving chenic acid 15 mg/kg/day. Percentage reduction in gall-stone area at six months was inversely related to initial gall-stone diameter (n = 52; r = -0.53; p less than 0.001), and to cholesterol saturation index of fasting gall-bladder bile during treatment (n = 28; r = -0.61; p less than 0.001). The duration of treatment required for complete dissolution was directly related to initial gall-stone diameter (r = 0.47; p less than 0.02). We conclude that the rate of gall-stone dissolution depends not only on gall-stone size but also on the degree of unsaturation of gall-bladder bile achieved during chenic acid treatment.
Stable Overexpression of Smad7 in Human Melanoma Cells Impairs Bone Metastasis
Authors: Delphine Javelaud, Khalid S. Mohammad, Christopher R. McKenna, Pierrick Fournier, Flavie Luciani, Maryla Niewolna, Jocelyne André, Véronique Delmas, Lionel Larue, Theresa A. Guise, Alain Mauviel
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Melanoma has a propensity to metastasize to bone, where it is exposed to high concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Because TGF-beta promotes bone metastases from other solid tumors, such as breast cancer, we tested the role of TGF-beta in melanoma metastases to bone. 1205Lu melanoma cells, stably transfected to overexpress the natural TGF-beta/Smad signaling inhibitor Smad7, were studied in an experimental model of bone metastasis whereby tumor cells are inoculated into the left cardiac ventricle of nude mice. All mice bearing parental and mock-transfected 1205Lu cells developed osteolytic bone metastases 5 weeks post-tumor inoculation. Mice bearing 1205Lu-Smad7 tumors had significantly less osteolysis on radiographs and longer survival compared with parental and mock-transfected 1205Lu mice. To determine if the reduced bone metastases observed in mice bearing 1205Lu-Smad7 clones was due to reduced expression of TGF-beta target genes known to enhance metastases to bone from breast cancer cells, we analyzed gene expression of osteolytic factors, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and interleukin-11 (IL-11), the chemotactic receptor CXCR4, and osteopontin in 1205Lu cells. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis indicated that PTHrP, IL-11, CXCR4, and osteopontin mRNA steady-state levels were robustly increased in response to TGF-beta and that Smad7 and the TbetaRI small-molecule inhibitor, SB431542, prevented such induction. In addition, 1205Lu-Smad7 bone metastases expressed significantly lower levels of IL-11, connective tissue growth factor, and PTHrP. These data suggest that TGF-beta promotes osteolytic bone metastases due to melanoma by stimulating the expression of prometastatic factors via the Smad pathway. Blockade of TGF-beta signaling may be an effective treatment for melanoma metastasis to bone.
Diazepam, Meprobamate, and Placebo in Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Richard W. Payne, Eric J. Sorenson, Tim K. Smalley, Edward N. Brandt
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Diazepam, 5 mg, meprobamate, 400 mg, and lactose-placebo, all in identical tablet form, were administered three times daily in a double-blind fashion to 54 outpatients with musculoskeletal complaints referable to the cervical, dorsal, and brachial regions. The effects of each medication on pain, sleeping pattern, nervousness, morning stiffness, and appetite were recorded daily on check cards by the patients. Meprobamate and diazepam were significantly superior to the placebo in improvement of sleeping pattern in both phases of the study. Diazepam improved appetite in a significant number of patients in phase 2 of the study. There was no clear separation of the agents in the other categories.
Colorectal Cancer: A Scientific Perspective
Authors: R J Heald
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A R Kinsella, P Schofield Cambridge University Press, £40, pp 159 ISBN 1-521-36199-0

Written by a scientist, Ann Kinsella and a surgeon, Philip Schofield, this excellent little book aims at unravelling the step by step genetic processes that lead to bowel cancer.

Morson's polyp-cancer sequence and the importance of the size of a benign tumour in its risk of malignant transformation are well known. Estimates of around 5-10 years for polyp to cancer seem reasonable, while the process from normal mucosa to cancer may take double this time. Surprisingly, without screening only about half of patients with familial polyposis coli have …
Atrial Repolarization—Its Importance in Clinical Electrocardiography
Authors: JOAO TRANCHESI, VICTOR ADELARDI, JORGE MARTINS DE OLIVEIRA
Journal: Circulation (1960)

A complete study of the electrical effects of the atrial repolarization is made, since it seems that such effects are often inadequately considered in the routine daily interpretation of electrocardiograms. The alterations of the atrial repolarization are classified as follows: (1) primary, related to ischemia or injury of the atria, and hypersympathetic activity, (2) secondary, when appearing with modifications of the atrial activation, in cases of dilatation, hypertrophy, or intra-atrial block. The electrocardiographic changes produced by hypersympathetic activity are characterized by a P-PR junction (Ja) in the isoelectric line, descending P-R segment, depressed J point, and ascending S-T segment. The P-R and S-T segments have concordant deviations, which means that they behave as "arcs of a same circumference." The record of these electrical events is made in such a manner that the tracing can be morphologically compared to an anchor. An S-T depression has no pathologic significance whenever it is preceded by a concordant and symmetric P-R depression. A myocardial injury is diagnosed only when the P-R and S-T segments are discordant, that is, when they correspond to "arcs of different circumference." An electrocardiographic exercise test is considered as negative, even in the presence of S-T depression, as long as this segment is inscribed with the same radius as that of the preceding P-R segment. Other processes that act upon the atrial repolarization, such as atrial infarction, wounds, dilatation, hypertrophy, and pericarditis, are also analyzed, and their influence on the inscription of the ventricular repolarization is stressed. Exact knowledge of the phenomena of atrial repolarization allows a more accurate interpretation of S-T displacements, and therefore is a safer diagnosis of the pathologic changes acting upon the ventricular repolarization.
HOME CARE OF CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Cyril A. Schulman
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A program of home care was organized in 1950 to provide the services of physician, nurse, and social worker for cancer patients who did not require hospitalization yet were too ill for treatment at the clinic. Under the direction of a physician, the program coordinated the resources of hospital, clinic, medical school, and community. This team concept has benefited all participating groups. In nine years of operation this program has achieved a plateau, with a patient load of 15 to25 patients and about 4,500 patient-days of care per year. It demonstrates that care in the home, when practical, is less expensive and more conducive to the patient's general well-being than is hospital care.
GMC appeals against extending immunity for expert witnesses
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The General Medical Council is seeking permission to appeal against a High Court ruling last month giving expert witnesses immunity from disciplinary proceedings over evidence given in court.

The unexpected judgment by Mr Justice Collins in an appeal by the retired paediatrician Roy Meadow bars regulators from taking action against expert witnesses unless the complaint is initiated by a judge.

Witness immunity is a longstanding legal principle that protects witnesses in court cases from being sued for damages over anything they say in court. The policy behind the rule is to encourage witnesses to give their evidence freely in the interests of justice. …
Evaluation of N‐terminal pro‐Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT‐proBNP) as marker of impaired left ventricular function after myocardial infarction
Authors: A. Luchner, C. Hengstenberg, H. Löwel, S. Engel, J. Trawinski, M. Baumann, G.A. Riegger, H. Schunkert, S. Holmer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Entecavir treatment reduces hepatic events and deaths in chronic hepatitis B patients with cirrhosis: Facts or fiction?
Authors: Gin-Ho Lo
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

I read with interest the article by Wong et al. regarding long-term entecavir treatment in reduction of hepatic events and deaths in chronic hepatitis B patients with cirrhosis.1 This article is a retrospective-prospective cohort study based on two cohorts of patients during different periods. Some points require clarification. In the study, ultrasonography of the abdomen was performed every 1-2 years for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or, more frequently, if the alpha-fetoprotein level rose above 20 μg/L. This appeared not to be in accord with the recommendations of screening intervals of every 6 months by the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver or American Association for the Study of liver Diseases.2, 3 A high proportion of hepatic events were ascribed to variceal bleeding. If complied with the recommendations to prevent first variceal bleeding, these serious events could be effectively reduced.4, 5 Most important, baseline clinical characteristics varied significantly between both cohorts. Though baseline data appeared to be milder disease in the entire untreated control cohort than entecavir-treated cohort, patients with cirrhosis in the untreated control cohort were more severe than the entecavir-treated cohort, as expressed by Child-Pugh's score. There was no difference in hepatic events between both cohorts, except among patients with cirrhosis. Based on sensitivity analyses among patients with cirrhosis, the risk of hepatic events is greatly reduced by entecavir among patients with advanced liver disease, as reflected by low platelet counts, low serum albumin, high total bilirubin, higher Child-Pugh score, and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score. These baseline clinical parameters were all worse in the untreated control cohort than the entecavir-treated cohort. Duration of follow-up was significantly longer in the untreated control cohort. All these factors may elicit significant bias between groups. Use of entecavir is proven to be beneficial for hepatitis B virus patients to reverse fibrosis and cirrhosis6; however, the evidence of reduction in hepatic events and incidence of HCC, as revealed by the current study and previous work,7 was still flawed with significant bias. Long-term follow-up of controlled studies would be more convincing.8 Gin-Ho Lo, M.D. Department of Medical Research Digestive Center E-DA Hospital Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Durham University Reorganization
Authors: A. W. Sheen
Journal: BMJ (1936)

The tonometric method of detecting decreased gut intramucosal pH (pHi) is based on the fact that carbon dioxide can diffuse through the wall of the silastic balloon of the tonometer. By using deoxified saline and measuring PO2 as well as PCO2 this study aimed to follow changes in mucosal PO2 and relate them to changes in pHi in peritonitis versus haemorrhage. Twenty five pigs were used. Five were controls, in 10 peritonitis was induced by the instillation of faeces in the abdominal cavity, and 10 were bled, half of them stepwise during three hours, and half of them rapidly down to a mean (SEM) arterial pressure of 30 (10) mm Hg. The drop in pHi correlated well with decreasing intraluminal PO2 (r = 0.63 (0.13)) in haemorrhage. In peritonitis this drop occurred within a very limited change in intraluminal PO2 (r = 0.06 (0.17)). Thus oxygen seemed to be present in the mucosa at the same time as there were signs of anaerobic metabolism as evidenced by a low intramucosal pH. Impaired oxygen extraction or utilisation, or both, is proposed as an explanation to this seemingly paradoxical situation.
Recovery from Rabies in Man
Authors: CASIMIRO PORRAS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

A 45-year-old woman from Mendoza, Argentina, was severely bitten by a dog that died 4 days later. Before death, the dog was nervous, aggressive, and had occasional seizures. Ten days after the woman had been bitten, rabies vaccine treatment was begun: 14 daily doses of suckling mouse brain vaccine followed by 2 booster doses. Twenty-one days after the biting episode, she developed a cerebellar striatal syndrome, which persisted throughout several months, and severe encephalitic symptoms, which persisted for 75 days. After 13 months, recovery was nearly complete. The patient's serum and cerebrospinal fluid contained rabies-neutralizing antibodies reaching maximum titers of 1:640 000 and 1:160 000, respectively. Titers of this magnitude have never been previously recorded after suckling mouse brain vaccine treatment. This phenomenon, together with the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data presented, supports the conclusion of a nonfatal case of rabies in man.
Preliminary European Results of Local Microwave Hyperthermia and Chemotherapy Treatment in Intermediate or High Risk Superficial Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: A.G van der Heijden, L.A Kiemeney, O.N Gofrit, O Nativ, A Sidi, Z Leib, R Colombo, R Naspro, M Pavone, J Baniel, F Hasner, J.A Witjes
Journal: European Urology (2004)
Hospitalisation of individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus: an analysis of 84 patients
Authors: S. Rodriguez Montero, R. Martinez, J. Marenco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> The authors performed a retrospective study of their patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) admitted to the hospital from January 1993 until December 2009. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with SLE attending clinics at the Department of Rheumatology were analysed to determine how many of them required hospitalisation for causes directly related to their disease, from January 1993 until December 2009. The following information was recorded: age, sex, time course of SLE, lupus involvement profile, number of admissions per patient, reasons for hospital admissions and the outcome including the length of hospital stay, readmission or death, on medical records and discharge reports for each patient. Also studied the reason for first admission of patients. <h3>Results</h3> All 84 patients were identified from an electronic database, 75 were admitted at least once in relation to SLE, 68 were female with a mean age of 39 years. The authors obtained a total of 247 hospitalisations, this represent an average of 2.9 per patient, over 17 years, with a mortality of 2%. The median length of stay was 13 days. Readmission occurred in 55.7% of all individuals. In order of frequency the reasons for admission were ▶Infection (63 episodes), including severe infections ▶Clinical flare without visceral involvement (41) ▶Renal involvement (26) ▶Neurologic disorder (22) ▶Vascular involvement (16) ▶Obstetric pathology (14) ▶Pleuropulmonary involvement (13) ▶Hematologic involvement (9) ▶Cardiac involvement (9) ▶Ocular involvement (4) With regard to the reason of the first admission, the authors obtained in order of frequency: ▶Clinical flare without visceral involvement ▶Neurological symptoms ▶Renal disease ▶Respiratory symptoms ▶Haematological disorder <h3>Conclusion</h3> Most SLE patients require hospitalisation. In our cohort, initial admission usually occurs 0–3 years after diagnosis (mean age 30–35 years) and it is basically due to lupus flare without visceral involvement, followed by neurological and renal impairment. However, in subsequent admissions, the most common reason was infection. The presence of lupus nephritis and multisystem involvement increases the rate of readmission. Patients with very active disease at the initial stage should be monitored closely.
High 18F-FDG Uptake in a Systemic Right Ventricle After Atrial Switch
Authors: Fabian Demeure, David Vancraeynest, Stéphane Moniotte, François-Xavier Hanin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 21-year-old patient with a D-transposition of the great arteries and a single coronary ostium underwent an atrial switch operation as newborn (Senning correction at 6 days of life in 1992). For an unrelated oncological evaluation, she underwent a recent F-FDG PET/CT. The myocardial uptake was clearly more intense in the morphological right ventricle, as this ventricle has become the systemic ventricle. On the contrary, the morphological left ventricle showed a very faint FDG uptake. This case illustrates the physiological changes related to a previous cardiac surgery.
Treatment of malaria.
Authors: I T Patrick
Journal: BMJ (1979)

in general practice, so that there are many cimetidine-treated patients in the community with undiagnosed or (if they come up to clinic during or shortly after a course of cimetidine) undiagnosable abdominal pain, some of whom may be harbouring palliated malignancy.It is necessary to emphasise, categorically, that it is in every patient's best interests to have a definitive diagnosis made before treatment with cimetidine is started.There is no doubt that the endoscopic and radiological facilities within the NHS are adequate to cope with the demand.A definitive diagnosis is all the more important since it is clear that prolonged, rather than short-term, cimetidine treatment is necessary for most of these patients with chronic duodenal ulcer disease who are suitable for medical treatment.
Intravenous Radionuclide Total Body Arteriography: A New Technique
Authors: DAVID C. YANG, LAWRENCE GOULD, WYMAN K. YEE, DEVAYANI PATEL, PAUL MAGHAZEH, JOSEPH GIOVANNIELLO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

We have developed a technique using a blood pool agent Tc-99m labeled red blood cells and a detector head set moving at a high speed to obtain total body arterial and blood pool images with only a single intravenous injection. Previously with an intravenous radiotracer injection, only regional arterial images could be obtained. Now, with this simple, non-invasive technique, we can evaluate the major arterial system, organs, and soft tissues in the whole body, as well as cardiac function. On reviewing 500 cases, more than 90% of the first-pass arterial phase images clearly demonstrated the aorta, ilio-femoral arteries, and, to a lesser extent, the more distal arteries in the lower extremities. The second-pass blood pool images revealed the anatomical and morphological status of the solid organs, as well as perfusion changes in various organs and soft tissues.