tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter: Emigration of doctors.
Authors: M P White
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Drug-precipitated Acute Attacks of Gout SIR,-Though there has been little discussion about drug precipitation of acute atitacks of gout, it is known that diureftics such as hydrochlorothiazide, ethacrynic acid, and frusemide indiuce hyperuricaemia and thus precipitate acute attacks.'Among the other drugs implicated are pyrazinamide, niacin, pempidine, alcohol, mecamylamine, and salicylates if the dose is less than 4 g per day.2It would be of interest, therefore, to add a little to ,this list, seeing that the incidence of gout in Asians is much higher than was formerly thought.2
Cyclosporin in rheumatoid arthritis: a double blind, placebo controlled study in 52 patients.
Authors: M Dougados, H Awada, B Amor
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

The efficacy and safety of cyclosporin A (CyA) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis were assessed in a four month double blind, placebo controlled study using an initial dosage of 5 mg/kg daily. Six patients withdrew from the study (two in the placebo group because of inefficacy of treatment and four in the CyA group because of side effects). These six patients were considered therapeutic failures. At the end of the trial the study treatment was considered as good or very good by 14 out of the 26 CyA group patients and by only two out of the 26 placebo group patients. Moreover, in the CyA group significant improvement was observed in five of the seven clinical assessment criteria. Clinical improvement was correlated with a decrease in C reactive protein, alpha 1 glycoprotein levels, and platelet count but not with erythrocyte sedimentation rate or rheumatoid factor titres. Renal toxicity (13 cases) remained the major problem in the management of these patients. This study shows that CyA is effective in active rheumatoid arthritis but requires close monitoring for toxicity.
Human onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton equinum transmitted from a racehorse
Authors: None Huovinen, None Tunnela, None Huovinen, None Kuijpers, None Suhonen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

We report fingernail onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton equinum in a farmer who breeds racehorses. In addition to the thumbnail, T. equinum had infected one of the racehorses. Oral terbinafine cured the infection in the farmer.
Metabolic Profiling of Arginine and Nitric Oxide Pathways Predicts Hemodynamic Abnormalities and Mortality in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Stephen J. Nicholls, Zeneng Wang, Robert Koeth, Bruce Levison, Brian DelFraino, Vladimir Dzavik, Owen W. Griffith, David Hathaway, Julio A. Panza, Steven E. Nissen, Judith S. Hochman, Stanley L. Hazen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— It is unclear whether abnormalities of arginine and nitric oxide metabolism are related to hemodynamic dysfunction and mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) after acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results— Plasma metabolites reflecting arginine bioavailability, nitric oxide metabolism, and protein oxidation were analyzed by mass spectrometry in patients with CS (n=79) and age- and gender-matched patients with coronary artery disease and normal left ventricular function (n=79). CS patients had higher levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA; P &lt;0.0001), symmetric dimethylarginine ( P &lt;0.0001), monomethylarginine ( P =0.0003), nitrotyrosine ( P &lt;0.0001), and bromotyrosine ( P &lt;0.0001) and lower levels of arginine ( P &lt;0.0001), ratio of arginine to ornithine ( P =0.03), and ratio of arginine to ornithine plus citrulline) ( P =0.0003). CS patients with elevated ADMA levels were 3.5-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 11.3; P =0.02) more likely to die in 30 days than patients with low ADMA levels. ADMA remained the only independent predictor of mortality on multiple logistic regression analysis. In patients with normal renal function, symmetric dimethylarginine levels inversely correlated with mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance, whereas levels of ADMA correlated with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and both systolic and diastolic pulmonary artery pressures. Despite dramatic elevations, levels of protein oxidation products did not predict hemodynamic dysfunction or mortality in CS patients. Conclusions— CS is characterized by an arginine-deficient and highly specific pro-oxidant state, with elevated levels of methylated arginine derivatives, including endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Levels of methylated arginine derivatives strongly correlate with hemodynamic dysfunction. Among all clinical and laboratory parameters monitored, ADMA levels were the strongest independent predictor of 30-day mortality.
Harm minimisation for drug misusers.
Authors: C. Brewer, J. Marks, J. Marks
Journal: BMJ (1992)

transmission should therefore be explored.As cases in infants now seem to be making a consider- able contribution to endemic transmission (table ), one approach would be to offer infants early measles vaccination before giving measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine in the second year of life.Studies to determine the serological response to early vaccination in infants of vaccinated and naturally immune mothers and the accuracy of a clinical diagnosis of measles in infants and older age groups are under way, together with theoretical studies to explore the impact of such a strategy.An epidemiologically and logistically different approach to routinely offering two doses would be to attempt to vaccinate all subjects in a wide age range within a short time and thereby interrupt transmission.This has recently been done in the English speaking Caribbean, where over 95% of all children aged 1-15 in eight of the 17 islands were vaccinated within one month.'To ensure elimination this initiative must be repeated periodically, the interval and targeted age groups being decided on the basis of epidemiological data such as the age specific prevalence of the antibody,6 and results of theoretical studies.Clearly, further work is required to provide a sound scientific basis for deciding future policy.We suggest that in the short term the cost effectiveness of offering measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine to secondary school children should be decided locally on the basis of a district's previous uptake of measles vaccine and present age specific notification rates.
Idarubicin intensified BUCY2 regimen in allogeneic unmanipulated transplant for high-risk hematological malignancies
Authors: A Mengarelli, AP Iori, C Guglielmi, MP Perrone, M Gozzer, C Girmenia, G Cimino, AM Testi, R Ricci, L De Felice, G Girelli, F Mandelli, W Arcese
Journal: Leukemia (2000)
Disruption of Fgf10/Fgfr2b-coordinated epithelial-mesenchymal interactions causes cleft palate
Authors: Ritva Rice, Bradley Spencer-Dene, Elaine C. Connor, Amel Gritli-Linde, Andrew P. McMahon, Clive Dickson, Irma Thesleff, David P.C. Rice
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Classical research has suggested that early palate formation develops via epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, and in this study we reveal which signals control this process. Using Fgf10–/–, FGF receptor 2b–/– (Fgfr2b–/–), and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) mutant mice, which all exhibit cleft palate, we show that Shh is a downstream target of Fgf10/Fgfr2b signaling. Our results demonstrate that mesenchymal Fgf10 regulates the epithelial expression of Shh, which in turn signals back to the mesenchyme. This was confirmed by demonstrating that cell proliferation is decreased not only in the palatal epithelium but also in the mesenchyme of Fgfr2b–/– mice. These results reveal a new role for Fgf signaling in mammalian palate development. We show that coordinated epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are essential during the initial stages of palate development and require an Fgf-Shh signaling network.
Follicular Adenocarcinoma Arising in a Thyroglossal Duct Remnant
Authors: LOIS A. JOHNSON, JAMES P. POLGA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A 70-year-old man had a neck mass that had increased in size over the preceding year. Physical examination revealed a 2.5-cm firm, mobile mass below the thyroid cartilage, but the thyroid gland was not palpable. The mass was solid by ultrasound. Despite normal serum thyroid function tests, I-131 uptake was 46% at 24 hours, compatible with hyperfunction. Imaging with Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate showed mild thyroid hyperplasia and activity within the pyramidal lobe. In addition, there was a focus of activity corresponding to the neck mass, compatible with functioning tissue within a thyroglossal duct remnant. The mass was excised and proved to be a follicular cell adenocarcinoma. Total thyroidectomy was subsequently performed, but no malignant cells were found within the thyroid gland.
Maribavir prophylaxis for prevention of cytomegalovirus infection in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study
Authors: Drew J. Winston, Jo-Anne H. Young, Vinod Pullarkat, Genovefa A. Papanicolaou, Ravi Vij, Estil Vance, George J. Alangaden, Roy F. Chemaly, Finn Petersen, Nelson Chao, Jared Klein, Kellie Sprague, Stephen A. Villano, Michael Boeckh
Journal: Blood (2008)
Computed tomographic colonography for colorectal screening
Authors: D. Kim, P. Pickhardt, G. Hoff, C. Kay
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Computed tomographic colonography (CTC) is a specialized computed tomographic examination that has been optimized for the detection of colorectal polyps. The technology has undergone major advances in recent years and there is emerging consensus that state-of-the-art CTC results in performance characteristics comparable to those of optical colonoscopy for polyps ≥ 8 mm in size. Effective polyp detection rests on the quality of several components of the examination, which must all be optimized in order to maintain appropriate sensitivity and specificity, including adequate bowel preparation, good colonic distension, sufficient scanning parameters, and appropriate interpretation. The emergence of CTC provides another method of colonic evaluation for colorectal cancer screening and prevention. In contrast to a mutually exclusive approach to screening, the availability of both optical colonoscopy and CTC should hopefully improve overall compliance rates for colorectal screening. The ultimate role of this technique in the screening program continues to evolve. There is currently considerable variability in the materials and methods used in CTC. This article describes the approach used at the University of Wisconsin, which has been validated in a large multicenter screening trial and which is currently used for an active CTC-based colorectal cancer screening program.
168 NOVEL EX-VIVO PERFUSION SYSTEM: FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN NON-CIRRHOTIC AND CIRRHOTIC LIVER SECTIONS MIRROR PATIENTS’ CLINICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: T. Schreiter, G. Marquitan, M. Darnell, J.-P. Sowa, M. Brocker-Preuß, T.B. Andersson, H.A. Baba, M. Furch, U. Rauen, Z. Mathe, J. Treckmann, G. Gerken, R.K. Gieseler, A. Canbay
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Clinical Findings in Southeast Asian Refugees
Authors: Michele Barry
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Since 1979, we have provided comprehensive medical care to a group of 142 Southeast Asian refugees who relocated in Connecticut. In this group, we identified clinically important issues in child development. As plotted on standard growth curves, 47% of refugee children were below the fifth percentile in height for age and 22% were below the fifth percentile in weight for height. Although these children are potentially at increased risk for nutrition-related health problems, our clinical assessment did not confirm malnutrition. We also confirm a high prevalence of intestinal parasitism (59%), positive tuberculin test results (40%), and hepatitis B antigenemia (16%), as observed previously by health authorities. We conclude that anthropometry should not replace a clinical nutritional assessment of refugee children. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:3200-3203)
An Address ON THE INSTRUCTION OF MIDWIVES IN THE SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF ABNORMAL LABOUR: Delivered at Guy's Hospital
Authors: P. Horrocks
Journal: BMJ (1907)

THE Midwives Act affects medical men in many wayE, and one of the most important is the advice you wiil be expected to give the authorities under the Act concerning its provisions.In a case of abnormal labour the midwife must call in a doctor, and the medical profession is expected to teach midwives the symptoms and signs which indicate that labour is about to become, or has already become, abnormal.The subject is one of great moment, because, upon the early recognition by the mid- wife of unfavourable symptoms and signs, followed by the prompt calling in of a doctor, will depend the welfare, and in some cases the life, of the mother or of the child, or of both.In teaching midwives on abnormal labour, you should begin by pointing out that when engaged to attend a woman in her confinement, or when called to a case already in labour, the midwife can at once obEerve whether the mother is well and properly developed.She should notice ifsheis narrow across the pelvis, and if there be any doubt, measure the distances between the crests of the ilia and between the anterior.superior spines, which ought to be about 11 in.and 10 in.respectively.If both are below 10 and very nearly alike, she has a contracted flat pelvis, and trouble is likely to ensue.Byconstant obser vation and practice, it is possible at a glance, by placing the two thumbs on the anterior spines and the two forefingers on the most prominent parts of the crests of the ilia,t0 tell whether these diameters are good ornot.These two diameters may be less than normal and yet not out of proportion.In this case there is probably a generally con- tracted pelvis.If the midwife detects rickets by curved tibiae or other signs, she must also measure the pelvis carelully.If in making a vaginal examination she can feel the promontory of the sacram easily, the pelvis is con- tracted.With the naked eye she may also discover any
Adenovirus Interstitial Nephritis and Rejection in an Allograft
Authors: Leroy Storsley, Ian W. Gibson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2011)

Viral infections are an important complication of solid organ transplantation. Although polyoma is the virus that most commonly infects the renal allograft, adenoviral infections are also reported. We describe the clinical and pathologic findings in a patient with adenoviral infection associated with acute rejection of the renal allograft. The pathologic findings of adenovirus infection usually include a granulomatous interstitial nephritis, which is helpful in distinguishing from acute rejection. We discuss the differential diagnosis and pathophysiology of allograft viral infections and concomitant rejection.
Are Platelet-Antibody Tests Worthwhile?
Authors: William J. Harrington
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

This issue of the Journal contains a report by Lehman et al. on a patient with autoimmune thrombocytopenia and lymphoreticular malignant disease, in whom state-of-the-art in vitro serologic methods were employed to characterize the abnormal immunoglobulin.1 Thirty-six years have passed since the first description of the participation of a circulating globulin in the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and some secondary thrombocytopenias (one patient had chronic lymphocytic leukemia); the techniques used at that time were especially crude.2 , 3 How far have we come in these 36 years? Numerous tests have been devised for the detection of platelet autoantibodies. The serology . . .
Prostaglandins and ulcerative colitis.
Authors: D S Rampton, C J Hawkey
Journal: Gut (1984)

Production d'eicosanoides dans le colon normal et en cas de colite ulcerative (CU). Effets sur la fonction du colon. Anomalies fonctionnelles dans la CU active. Les eicosanoides sont-ils la cause de ces anomalies? Quel est leur role dans la CU inactive? La sulfalazine et les steroides modifient-ils le metabolisme des eicosanoides? Activite cyclo-oxygenasique et cancer dans la CU
Navigating the complex dynamics of memory and desire: Mathematics accommodates continuous and conditional dynamics
Authors: Gin McCollum
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

The mathematical approach to such essentially biological phenomena as perseverative reaching is most welcome. To extend these results and make them more accurate, levels of analysis and neural centers should he distinguished. The navigational nature of sensorimotor control should be characterized more clearly, including the continuous dynamics of neural processes hut not limited to it. In particular, discrete conditions should be formalized mathematically as part of the biological process.
Domiciliary occupational therapy for patients with stroke discharged from hospital: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Louise Gilbertson, Peter Langhorne, Andrew Walker, Ann Allen, Gordon D Murray
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To establish if a brief programme of domiciliary occupational therapy could improve the recovery of patients with stroke discharged from hospital. <b>Design:</b> Single blind randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> Two hospital sites within a UK teaching hospital. <b>Subjects:</b> 138 patients with stroke with a definite plan for discharge home from hospital. <b>Intervention:</b> Six week domiciliary occupational therapy or routine follow up. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Nottingham extended activities of daily living score and "global outcome" (deterioration according to the Barthel activities of daily living index, or death). <b>Results:</b> By eight weeks the mean Nottingham extended activities of daily living score in the intervention group was 4.8 points (95% confidence interval −0.5 to 10.0, P=0.08) greater than that of the control group. Overall, 16 (24%) intervention patients had a poor global outcome compared with 30 (42%) control patients (odds ratio 0.43, 0.21 to 0.89, P=0.02). These patterns persisted at six months but were not statistically significant. Patients in the intervention group were more likely to report satisfaction with a range of aspects of services. <b>Conclusion:</b> The functional outcome and satisfaction of patients with stroke can be improved by a brief occupational therapy programme carried out in the patient9s home immediately after discharge. Major benefits may not, however, be sustained.
Fetal lamb coagulation system during birth asphyxia
Authors: M. Andrew, H. O'Brodovich, L. Mitchell
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Levels of many coagulation factors are low in the healthy infant and even lower in the asphyxiated premature infant. We investigated whether a brief exposure to asphyxia at the time of birth causes the activation and consumption of coagulation factors. Following delivery by caesarian section, premature lambs were asphyxiated by occluding the endotracheal tube for 10 min and then resuscitated. Blood was obtained prior to and following birth for measurement of blood gases and the coagulation system. Birth asphyxia in the premature lamb resulted in thrombin generation and rapid consumption of specific coagulation factors.
Long-term safety experience of ustekinumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis (Part II of II): Results from analyses of infections and malignancy from pooled phase II and III clinical trials
Authors: Kenneth B. Gordon, Kim A. Papp, Richard G. Langley, Vincent Ho, Alexa B. Kimball, Cynthia Guzzo, Newman Yeilding, Philippe O. Szapary, Steven Fakharzadeh, Shu Li, Ming-Chun Hsu, Kristian Reich
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
Direct, help-independent priming of CD8+ T cells by adeno-associated virus-transduced hepatocytes
Authors: Sherry A. Wuensch, Jessica Spahn, Ian N. Crispe
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Both hepatitis B and C viruses frequently establish chronic infection, raising the question whether T cells are poorly primed in the liver. To determine the role of different cell types in the activation of CD8+ T cells against hepatocellular antigens, we used an Adeno-associated virus to deliver ovalbumin to hepatocytes. In contrast to CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells were not activated. The CD8+ T cells were activated even in the absence of endogenous CD4+ T cells; however, in the liver, these cells were high in the programmed death-1 protein and low in CD127. Chimera experiments revealed that these CD8+ T cells were activated on a solid tissue cell. Conclusion: Priming of CD8+ T cells directly on nonhematopoietic cells, in the absence of CD4+ T cell help, results in suboptimal T cell activation. This could explain the impaired function of CD8+ T cells seen in chronic liver infection.
Refinement of Adjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Eileen M. O’Reilly
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cholestanol Deposition in Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis
Authors: GERALD SALEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

The relationship between tissue steroid measurements and clinical findings was examined in six individuals with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Tendon xanthomas (six of six patients), neurologic dysfunction (four of six), pulmonary insufficiency (four of six), premature atherosclerosis (three of six), cataracts (two of six), and endocrine hypofunction (one of six) were encountered with decreasing frequency. Plasma cholestanol concentrations were elevated and were associated with low plasma cholesterol levels. Fifteen tissues obtained at postmortem contained 10 to 400 times more cholestanol and 30% more cholesterol. In bile, 10 times more cholestanol and substantial quantities of cholesterol precursors were found, but virtually no chenodeoxycholic acid was secreted. These findings indicate that symptoms develop at a variable pace and probably result from tissue accumulation of both sterols. The secretion of cholesterol percursors in the bile and elevated tissue sterol concentrations suggest overactive hepatic sterol synthesis, which we believe is related to a block in chenodeoxycholic acid production.