tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of Brachial Plexus Palsies-Reply
Authors: M. Mark Hoffer
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Iacono quite properly adds this important neurosurgical technique to the discussion of brachial plexus palsy rehabilitation. All of our adults with pain and no neurological return were referred to us after neurosurgical evaluations. Three of the nine with refractory pain had undergone dorsal root neurosurgical procedures, without success, before referral here. This points up the need for the interdisciplinary approach in these complex areas. Unfortunately, in this regard, we also neglected to recognize the input of our orthotist, Jack Greenfield, CO, creator of the "gunslinger" brace used for these patients.
Being “humorous without being disrespectful”
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Anyone with children will have no trouble putting a name to the sketchy strokes that have brought stories to life for millions of children worldwide. Quentin Blake, who has illustrated and written more than 200 children’s books in the past 50 years, has for the past three years also been involved with the Nightingale Project (www.nightingaleproject.org), a charity set up …
What Have We Learned About Cardiac Arrhythmias?
Authors: D. P. Zipes, H. J. J. Wellens
Journal: Circulation (2000)

No subspecialty in cardiology has undergone a more radical transformation in the last half century than has clinical cardiac electrophysiology. From the creation of the coronary care unit (CCU), with its concept of intensive monitoring of patients who have cardiac arrhythmias, to understanding the genetics of ion channel disturbances responsible for inherited cardiac arrhythmias, clinical cardiac electrophysiology has evolved into an established discipline credited with improving and saving hundreds of thousands of lives. In this review, we will highlight the top 10 significant advances responsible for this remarkable transformation.

### Ambulatory ECG

Recording the ECG in the ambulatory individual provided the ability for the first time to obtain online information in an active individual. Begun by Holter and Gengerelli1 in 1949, the initial device weighed 85 pounds and was strapped to the back. The most modern version is implanted subcutaneously and can monitor the cardiac rhythm for long time periods.2 Ambulatory ECG has led to many new insights, including an understanding of the mechanisms of sudden cardiac death, causes of syncope, and the concept of painless ischemia. All implantable pacemakers and cardioverter/defibrillators (ICDs) have the ability to record the cardiac rhythm, which is a useful adjunct to decision making.

### The CCU

A major step forward in reducing death from myocardial infarction was the introduction of the CCU,3 where continuous monitoring of cardiac rhythm and hemodynamic status allowed early recognition and correction of life-threatening complications.4 Closed-chest cardiac massage and defibrillation became important life-saving measures, and the value of the well-trained nurse in this milieu became clear. The CCU also taught us to develop short- and long-term risk profiles of the patient, based on ECG, hemodynamic, and enzymatic findings. The concept of warning arrhythmias emerged along with the use of prophylactic lidocaine administration.5 Neither stood the test of time.6 7 The …
Reasoning strategies in syllogisms: Evidence for performance errors along with computational limitations
Authors: Monica Bucciarelli
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Stanovich &amp; West interpret errors in syllogistic reasoning in terms of computational limitations. I argue that the variety of strategies used by reasoners in solving syllogisms requires us to consider also performance errors. Although reasoners' performance from one trial to another is quite consistent, it can be different, in line with the definition of performance errors. My argument has methodological implications for reasoning theories.
Intractable livedoid vasculopathy successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen
Authors: C.-H. Yang, H.-C. Ho, Y.-S. Chan, L.-B. Liou, H.-S. Hong, L.-C. Yang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

We describe a new method for treating livedoid vasculopathy. The typical presentation of livedoid vasculopathy includes chronic, recurrent painful ulcers, satellite scar‐like atrophy and telangiectasia involving the lower extremities. Histologically, these lesions show areas of ulceration and dermal vessel occlusion without frank inflammatory cell infiltration. There is currently no satisfactory therapy available for this disease. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has recently established itself as one of the most effective methods of treating ischaemic wounds, including diabetic ulcers. We used this therapy in two patients whose lesions were resistant to multiple therapeutic modalities. Not only did their ulcers respond rapidly to the HBO therapy, but the disturbing wound pain also resolved at the same time. To our knowledge, this is the first successful trial of HBO therapy in livedoid vasculopathy. We believe this to be a very promising new therapy for livedoid vasculopathy and to be worth further investigation.
Talks restart on global initiative to fund research into diseases that affect poorer countries
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Hopes for a global convention aimed at kick starting research and development programmes on diseases that particularly affect developing countries have been reignited after a meeting of the World Health Organization’s executive board.

WHO lawyers called to the board meeting on 25 January ruled that negotiations on the issue could reopen after delegations from the European Union and United States tried to argue that the debate was closed. The board decided to refer the discussion to the World Health Assembly (WHO’s decision making forum) in May.

Observers at the meeting described how WHO’s director general, Margaret Chan, even resorted to singing—a tactic she sometimes deploys to relieve tension and restart debate.

A report commissioned by WHO and published last April recommended a convention that committed all countries to spending …
L-carnitine Reduces Muscle Cramps in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Masayuki Kurosaki, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Natsuko Nakakuki, Hitomi Takada, Shuya Matsuda, Kouichi Gondo, Yu Asano, Nobuhiro Hattori, Nobuharu Tamaki, Shoko Suzuki, Yutaka Yasui, Takanori Hosokawa, Jun Itakura, Yuka Takahashi, Namiki Izumi
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
Does a combined treatment with vitamin E and atorvastatin improve endothelial function and ejection fraction in patients with heart failure? A double blind Placebo controlled study
Authors: Dimitris Tousoulis, Charalambos Antoniades, Stella Brilli, Costas Tentolouris, Kyriakoula Marinou, Athanasios Trikas, Ioannis Barbetseas, Christos Pitsavos, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Pavios Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
TCTAP A-092 Relationship Between Door-to-Balloon Time and Short- or Long-Term Outcome in Patients with ST-T Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Takashi Maruyama, Atsushi Tosaka, Takashi Miura, Takayuki Ishihara, Masaaki Uematsu, Youichi Sugimura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Sex differences in the design features of socially contingent mating adaptations
Authors: David M. Buss
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Schmitt's study provides strong support for sexual strategies theory (Buss &amp; Schmitt 1993) – that men and women both have evolved a complex menu of mating strategies, selectively deployed depending on personal, social, and ecological contexts. It also simultaneously refutes social structural theories founded on the core premise that women and men are sexually monomorphic in their psychology of human mating. Further progress depends on identifying evolved psychological design features sensitive to the costs and benefits of pursuing each strategy from the menu, which vary across mating milieus. These design features, like many well-documented mating adaptations, are likely to be highly sex-differentiated.
THE FINAL RESPONSE OF THE SMALL CUTANEOUS VESSELS
Authors: Peyton Rous, H. P. Gilding
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

A study of the blanchings (Bier's spots) which develop in human skin deprived of circulation has proved them referable to the same general causes that lead to ischemic patching of the skin of animals, and that they are conditioned by the same factors. Both are expressions of a secondary contraction of vessels that have become hyperirritable owing to an inadequate circulation. The contraction is favored by emptying the vessels, but it occurs pronouncedly even when there is a trickle through them of arterial blood. In the case of man the contractile impulse is sometimes so great as to overcome the maximum pressure that the vessels will support. The significance of the observations is discussed.
KAPOSI'S VARICELLIFORM DERMATOSIS: A VIRUS PYODERMIA
Authors: T. ANDERSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1949)

Journal Article KAPOSI'S VARICELLIFORM DERMATOSIS: A VIRUS PYODERMIA Get access T. ANDERSON, M.D., F.R.F.P.S.G., F.R.C.P.E. T. ANDERSON, M.D., F.R.F.P.S.G., F.R.C.P.E. University and Knightswood Hospital, Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 61, Issue 5, 1 May 1949, Pages 157–166, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1949.tb11075.x Published: 01 May 1949
Intravascular Breakage of Seldinger Spring Guide Wires
Authors: Constantin Cope
Journal: JAMA (1962)

SELDINGER'S INGENIOUS TECHNIQUE for the percutaneous catheterization of vessels is finding increasing popularity in this country, especially in angiography and cardiac catheterization. The key item in the method is a long coiled spring which is reinforced in its whole length, except for the terminal 3 to 5 cm., by an inlying wire; this construction makes a wire guide which is fairly stiff and yet can, by virture of its very flexible tip, negotiate vessel tortuosities and curves without significant damage to the vascular endothelium. In principle this guide wire is threaded through a needle into the vessel lumen; the needle is then withdrawn over the guide and replaced by a thinwalled plastic catheter which can then be advanced over the wire into the vessel. The technique is simple, requires no surgical cut-down, and allows the introduction of a large catheter, up to No. 8 F, with a comparatively narrow, 14-gauge
Roentgen Signs in Clinical Practice
Authors: P. L. Cook
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The first edition of this book had the fault that it was too detailed for medical students yet too simple for residents. The authors realized this, for in 1961 they produced the more elementary<i>Synopsis of Roentgen Signs</i>. The revision has now been completed with the present expanded version of the original text, intended for residents. When a single author undertakes to write an extensive general text, interests and favorite subjects unavoidably receive undue emphasis, sometimes to the neglect of other equally important topics. In the case of<i>Roentgen Signs in Clinical Practice</i>the result is a highly idiosyncratic book with strange imbalances and omissions. Too much elementary material has been retained and much that will be needed daily by every resident has not been included. The reader is directed to look elsewhere for details of special procedures, not only for technique but also for interpretation. Surely, with the particular
Different Calculations of Ankle-Brachial Index and Their Impact on Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Authors: Christine Espinola-Klein, Hans J. Rupprecht, Christoph Bickel, Karl Lackner, Savvas Savvidis, Claudia M. Messow, Thomas Munzel, Stefan Blankenberg
Journal: Circulation (2008)

An ankle-brachial index (ABI; ratio of ankle and brachial systolic blood pressure) <0.9 indicates peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to address the prognostic value of different methods of ABI calculation.In 831 patients admitted with chest pain for diagnostic heart catheterization, blood pressure of both anterior and posterior tibial arteries was measured. ABI was calculated for each leg with the higher of the 2 ankle pressures (current definition of the American Heart Association) or with the lower of the 2 ankle pressures (modified definition) in relation to the higher of the left or right brachial systolic blood pressure. For each patient, the lower ABI from both legs was used for further evaluation. Fifteen patients (1.8%) with ABI >1.5 were excluded. We compared patients with ABI <0.9 according to the current definition (with PAD, n=204 [25.0%]), those with ABI >or=0.9 according to the modified definition (without PAD, n=524 [64.2%]), and those with ABI <0.9 according to the modified definition and >or=0.9 according to the current definition (suspected PAD, n=88 [10.8%]). Follow-up data (median 6.6 years) were available for 812 patients (99.5%); 157 patients (19.3%) experienced cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke). Patients without PAD had the lowest cardiovascular event rate, whereas event rates were comparable for patients with PAD and those with suspected PAD (14.8% versus 28.4% versus 25.0%, respectively). In a fully adjusted Cox regression analysis that included patients without PAD as the reference group, the hazard ratio (95% CI) was 1.56 (0.97 to 2.53) for patients with suspected PAD and 1.67 (1.16 to 2.40) for patients with PAD.When the higher ankle pressure is used for ABI calculation, a group of patients at high risk for cardiovascular events is overlooked. With a simple modification of ABI (use of the lower instead of the higher ankle pressure), more patients at risk could be identified.
A Symposium on the Child
Authors: Harrison F. Wood
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This collection of 34 essays presents the majority of those addresses given on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Johns Hopkins Hospital and the dedication of the new Children's Medical and Surgical Center there on May 14 and 15, 1964. The unifying theme is the parochialism common to all institutional<i>Festschriften</i>. Most of the authors represented in this book were at one time or another associated with the Harriet Lane Home of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. They make more than creditable tribute to it. This book is the sort that can be picked up and read essay by essay as time permits. It does not attempt to cover all of pediatrics but does contain several outstanding essays in addition to the remaining very good ones. Those by Hattie Alexander, the late Daniel Darrow, Alfred M. Bongiovanni, and Maclyn McCarty are particularly felicitous and informative. In addition, the six
Micelles assembled with carbocyanine dyes for theranostic near-infrared fluorescent cancer imaging and photothermal therapy
Authors: Hong Yang, Huajian Mao, Zhihui Wan, Aijun Zhu, Miao Guo, Yanli Li, Xinming Li, Jiangling Wan, Xiangliang Yang, Xintao Shuai, Huabing Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
A Peculiar Cutaneous Reaction to Repeated Injections of Insulin
Authors: Larry Erickson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A bizarre skin lesion consisting of a collection of brown, hyperkeratotic papules appeared on the thighs of a 51-year-old diabetic man, after repeated insulin injections into the same area over a period of two or more years. The reason for the development of this type of lesion instead of the usual lipodystrophy that follows multiple insulin injections is obscure.
Salvage From Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Philip I. Hershberg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To  Editor:—  In a recent editorial ( 203 :356, 1968), it was indicated that  incidence of complete heart block in acute myocardial infarction ranges from 3 to 6% of all cases. It was also noted that several investigators report salvage rates as high as 10% of these patients, with  conclusion that similar salvage among all cases of postinfarction complete heart block could result in the saving of 10,000 to 15,000 lives annually.  The per annum total mortality from acute myocardial infarction in this country is generally accepted as about 500,000 individuals. Since it is known that 60% to 75% of all myocardial infarction deaths occur before  patient is admitted to  hospital 1 and also that  inhospital death rate from transmural myocardial infarction is about 25%, 2 then  mortality from significant, ie, transmural, myocardial infarction is about 50%. 3 This would indicate that  total
OPERATION ON THE SINGLE KIDNEY, ESPECIALLY FOR STONE
Authors: EDWARD L. KEYES
Journal: JAMA (1930)

How difficult it is for the family physician to advise his patients as to a surgical procedure with which he is not himself familiar. Thus, for example, one bemoans the months wasted by the patient with carcinoma of the bladder whose physician has permitted him to rejoice at the spontaneous disappearance of his initial hematuria. This communication is meant as an introduction to such a topic. When a patient has but a single kidney, whether this is due to congenital deformity, to disease or to the surgical removal of its fellow, the patient himself is likely to live in a state of constant apprehension. One of my patients on whom a nephrectomy was done has been a nervous wreck ever since the operation. Her chief joy is an annual voyage to some one or other of the great centers of medical diagnosis for the satisfaction of being reassured once again
GAVI aims to double its child vaccination rate between 2016 and 2020
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The head of the GAVI Alliance (formerly the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation) has expressed confidence that a major new immunisation drive will overcome challenges and be affordable for poorer countries.

Last month, GAVI issued a plea to donors for $7.5bn (£4.5bn; €5.5bn) to immunise 300 million children against life threatening diseases between 2016 and 2020.

GAVI Alliance’s chief executive, Seth Berkley, told a media briefing in London on 4 June, “It’s a pretty big number­—to put it into perspective, more than half of the children immunised in the world will receive a GAVI vaccine. This is, every year, immunising almost as many people as live in the UK and it is going to prevent 5 to 6 million new deaths.”

During the period 2000 to 2015, GAVI says about 500 million children were vaccinated under its programmes—about 30 million a year. The organisation is hoping to double that number to 60 million a year.

He said, “This is not to say it’s easy stuff. We have problems …
Viral Infection and Renal Transplant Rejection
Authors: J. D. Briggs, M. C. Timbury, A. M. Paton, P. R. F. Bell
Journal: BMJ (1972)

The occurrence of an outbreak of influenza in a renal transplant unit is described. Five patients had a proved episode of infection, confirmed by a rise in the complement fixation titre to influenza virus A, and this coincided in three of the patients with episodes of acute rejection. It seems likely that the virus infection was responsible for the rejection, possibly through a stimulating effect of the virus on the host9s immune response.
Abstract 3369: Discordant immunohistochemical expression patterns of four different CD133 antibody clones in glioblastoma
Authors: Simon K. Hermansen, Karina G. Christensen, Stine S. Jensen, Henrik D. Schrøder, Bjarne W. Kristensen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The putative tumor stem cell marker CD133 is the marker of choice for identifying brain tumor stem cells in gliomas, but the use of different antibody clones recognizing different epitopes with different glycosylation status, confuses the field. In this study, we sat out to highlight if current discordant CD133 observations could be a result of using different CD133 antibodies for immunohistochemical identification of CD133. Paraffin embedded sections of glioblastoma, kidney, pancreas and placenta tissue as well as glioblastoma and retinoblastoma cell lines were stained with four different CD133 antibody clones and analyzed using light microscopy. Ten consecutive sections of glioblastomas were analyzed with each of the four CD133 clones using quantitative stereology. Results revealed presence of CD133+ niches in glioblastomas, often in close relation to blood vessels, using all four antibody clones. The distribution of identified niches did, however, rarely correspond among each antibody clone. Staining of glioblastoma single and niche cells was predominantly cytoplasmatic, which is opposed to the membranous staining observed in epithelial cells in kidney, pancreas and placenta tissues. Quantitative stereology revealed vast dissimilarities regarding fractions of CD133+ niches and single cells among the CD133 antibody clones. Generally, the fraction of CD133 positivity identified by clone W6B3C1 was significantly higher than CD133 fractions identified by clones AC133, ab19898 and C24B9. Furthermore, clone W6B3C1 was the only clone to stain tumor blood vessels. In conclusion, we report that using different CD133 antibodies for immunohistochemical identification of CD133+ cells on paraffin sections will most likely cause dissimilar results. Thus, direct comparison of CD133 studies using different primary CD133 antibodies should be performed with caution. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3369.
The National Cancer Data Base: a vital commitment
Authors: G. P. Murphy
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1994)

Since the 1930s the American Cancer Society and the American College of Surgeons have been working together to create and support programs that collect and report on data on cancer patient care at a national level. The National Cancer Data Base is the direct result of this commitment. Funded through private donations and dependent on the voluntary, nonreimbursed time of hospital staff, it provides vital information on cancer patient care in the United States.
Authors' reply to Roach
Authors: P. Sooriakumaran, T. Nyberg, O. Akre, G. Steineck, P. Wiklund
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We have tried to fool none of the people none of the time.1 2 However, we acknowledge the limitations of observational data, although they can have higher statistical precision and be more generalisable than data from randomised trials.3 4 The question is whether the systematic errors in our study misled us to believe mortality is higher …