tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON COMPLEMENT FIXATION
Authors: R. L. Kahn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

It is shown by complement fixation studies with protein antigens and specific immune rabbit sera that the rate of fixation of complement is determined by the concentration of antibodies in the immune sera, that the greater part of fixation of complement takes place during the 1st hour, and that fixation is practically completed at the end of 4 hours at ice box temperature. It is further shown that the rate. of fixation of complement is practically the same at ice box, room, and water bath temperatures, the tendency being for slightly stronger fixation at ice box temperature.
Assessment of therapeutic efficacy in neurocardiogenic syncope: clomipramine versus isoproterenol tilt test
Authors: George N. Theodorakis, Dionyssios Leftheriotis, Efthimios G. Livanis, Panagiota Flevari, Elias Zarvalis, Dimitrios T. Kremastinos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Editorial: Fatally injured drivers
Authors: H. H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In the current issue of<i>Archives of General Psychiatry</i>(30:508-511, 1974), Shaffer and his colleagues cite other reports that indicate variations of opinion about "accident-proneness" as a factor in serious automobile accidents. At the same time, increasing emphasis has been given to the "drinking driver" as a major factor in causing traffic accidents. Accordingly, the authors conducted a "psychological autopsy" in all cases of male driver fatalities that occurred in Baltimore County between August 1968 and May 1972. In effect, the authors were seeking to validate the results of an earlier study in which they demonstrated that 25 driver fatality victims exhibited significantly more belligerence, negativism, general psychopathology, and hyperactivity than a normative population of men.<sup>1</sup> The present study, again numbering 25 men, differed from the first in two respects: only drivers of late-model cars (not more than three years old) were included, and there was somewhat less success
India considers exempting from local drug trials medicines for life threatening diseases that have been approved abroad
Authors: S. Bagcchi
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The Indian government is considering exempting some important drugs, which have been approved in clinical trials abroad, from being tested in local clinical trials.

Media reports said that the government had decided to prepare a list of serious and life threatening diseases specifically relevant to India and to consider exempting new drugs for such diseases and ailments from local clinical trials if they have already been approved for marketing in developed countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, …
National criteria needed to overcome current “hit and miss” process of applying for funded long term care
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The NHS ombudsman has called for national criteria to be applied to all people applying for long term care to ensure that everyone has an equal chance of having a place funded.

At the moment many people applying for funding for long term care are frustrated by the long time it takes to decide whether a place a will be funded and by the delays in the payment of restitution. This is a finding in …
Clinical and economical impact of 2010 AASLD guidelines for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Matteo Angelo Manini, Angelo Sangiovanni, Fabio Fornari, Fabio Piscaglia, Marco Biolato, Libera Fanigliulo, Elisa Ravaldi, Antonio Grieco, Massimo Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Reduction of ischemic K+ loss and arrhythmias in rat hearts. Effect of glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea.
Authors: P F Kantor, W A Coetzee, E E Carmeliet, S C Dennis, L H Opie
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Glibenclamide, one of the antidiabetic sulfonylureas, is known to block ATP-dependent K+ channels. We used this drug to determine to what extent K+ loss from acutely ischemic myocardium is mediated via these channels. We also investigated whether glibenclamide would influence ischemic arrhythmias. Isolated rat hearts rendered globally ischemic showed no correlation between early lactate and K+ efflux rates. Cumulative K+ loss during 11 minutes of global ischemia (0.5 ml min-1 g-1) was reduced, from 3.2 +/- 0.3 to 2.5 +/- 0.1 mueq/g (p less than 0.025) by 1 microM glibenclamide and from 3.3 +/- 0.2 to 1.9 +/- 0.2 mueq/g (p less than 0.005) by 10 microM glibenclamide, while lactate efflux was unaltered by the drug. Glibenclamide also exhibited potent antifibrillatory activity, abolishing irreversible ventricular fibrillation during regional ischemia (0/6 vs. 5/6 controls; p less than 0.02) and during global ischemia (0/7 vs. 9/9 controls; p less than 0.01). Heart rate, coronary flow rate, peak systolic pressure, and myocardial oxygen consumption were unaltered by the drug (1 microM). Similarly, glibenclamide (1 microM) did not alter myocardial ATP, phosphocreatine or lactate content, or glucose utilization. Ventricular fibrillation threshold during normoxia was also unaltered by glibenclamide (1 microM). We conclude that K+ loss during acute myocardial ischemia is mediated partly by ATP-dependent K+ channels, and not by a tightly coupled co-efflux with anionic lactate.
THE OXYGEN THERAPY OF PNEUMONIA
Authors: G. H. FAGET
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Article1 July 1938THE OXYGEN THERAPY OF PNEUMONIA(FIVE YEARS' EXPERIENCE AT THE U. S. MARINE HOSPITAL, NORFOLK, VIRGINIA)*G. H. FAGET, M.D., WALTER B. MARTIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.G. H. FAGET, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WALTER B. MARTIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-12-1-32 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe use of oxygen as a therapeutic agent in pneumonia had its origin in the work of Haldane2and Meltzer.5Among the earlier methods of administration was the face mask of Haldane and the hollow tongue compressor of Meltzer. Later, oxygen chambers were constructed at the Rockefeller Institute by Stadie and Binger, by Barach at the Presbyterian Hospital, New York, and by Boothby at the Mayo Clinic. It was not, however, until the introduction of bed tents, originally designed by Hill and modified by Roth, Binger, Barach and others, that it was possible to apply oxygen therapy to large groups...References1. EVANSDURSHORDWE JHCJ: Further observation on oxygen therapy in the treatment of pneumonia, Current Researches in Anesthesia and Analgesia, 1932, xi, 193. Google Scholar2. HALDANE JS: The symptoms, causes and prevention of anoxemia, Brit. Med. Jr., 1919, ii, 65. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HENDERSON Y: Reasons for the use of carbon dioxide with oxygen in the treatment of pneumonia, New England Jr. Med., 1932, ccvi, 151. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. MEAKINS JC: Therapeutic value of oxygen in pulmonary lesions, Brit. Med. Jr., 1920, i, 324. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. MELTZER PJ: The therapeutic value of oral rhythmic insufflation of oxygen, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1917, lxix, 1150. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. PAINTONULRICH FJHJ: Lobar pneumonia: an analysis of 1298 cases, ANN. INT. MED., 1937, x, 1345. Google Scholar7. ROSENBLUTHBLOOK MBM: Oxygen therapy, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1932, xcviii, 396. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. STADIE WC: The oxygen of the arterial and venous blood in pneumonia and its relation to cyanosis, Jr. Exper. Med., 1919, xxx, 215. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Norfolk, Virginia*Received for publication September 1, 1937. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1938Volume 12, Issue 1Page: 32-38KeywordsHospitalsOxygenPneumoniaTongue Issue Published: 1 July 1938 PDF downloadLoading ...
Modern Psychiatric Treatment: A Tribute to Thomas Detre, MD (19242011)
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2012)

and Paul McCartney in music. The book was so much ahead of its time when it was published that, when I was consulting it for my clinical activities in the early 1980s, it did not really seem as if it had been written a decade earlier. When I browse through it today, I realize it is still ahead of its time, forty years later. How is it possible? Was it science fiction or has psychiatry failed to make substantial progress?
Points: Health and the recession
Authors: R S Morton
Journal: BMJ (1981)

question about the distinction between a Down's syndrome baby aged 1 week and a fetus of 20 weeks' gestation (28 November, p 1464) has, I think, an answer in a recent article by the legal correspondent of the Lancet.'Killing a baby of 1 week is illegal because in English law it is held to be a "living being" in a way that a fetus of 20 weeks is not (despite the fact that a fetus, or zygote, is even more distinctly alive than most living human tissue and has unique potential).The baby is capable of an independent existence, and so, of course, potentially is a fetus of 28 weeks or more (or perhaps 24 weeks, as discussed recently).Its independence exists even though (as Diana Brahams points out') it may be attached to its mother by the umbilical cord, and obviously is almost totally dependant on it for food....
Clinical genetic testing for familial melanoma in Italy: A cooperative study
Authors: William Bruno, Paola Ghiorzo, Linda Battistuzzi, Paolo A. Ascierto, Monica Barile, Sara Gargiulo, Francesca Gensini, Sara Gliori, Michele Guida, Maurizio Lombardo, Siranoush Manoukian, Chiara Menin, Sabina Nasti, Paola Origone, Barbara Pasini, Lorenza Pastorino, Bernard Peissel, Maria Antonietta Pizzichetta, Paola Queirolo, Monica Rodolfo, Antonella Romanini, Maria Chiara Scaini, Alessandro Testori, Maria Grazia Tibiletti, Daniela Turchetti, Sancy A. Leachman, Giovanna Bianchi Scarrà
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
A Lecture on THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CONJOINED TWINS: A STUDY OF MONSTERHOOD
Authors: J. Bland-Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1929)

ill,, OF, m1o nIsters.whiicli is the vulgar ia me f -s;e i .iifftwt il1.a1t 1iuiiitali bei -.", lh vei ist eiz'rvSt c l tim AV( H1 fo ir (-(ittliri A iiatoim' -t-s mued. (i- y i-c an-called them fieaks."Iii 1111use111m1s of pathology uIl 'IIIy d t.bl, footetse.s;aIe presel-ved andc1 h1o wn11 to v-isitlors as nrlliositi This is pardoniable beanuse it w%-as XI1)iossible to gi ve ii1 ex1plaii -, of sitcli cOlidhitioliS oi (-couiit a-o- of tho ignlor-a nel of hl e iwriimt fZ0t ois, Co flCCliiCAl ini anuini.alre- p ro(l ect ion.
Cardiomyoplasty. A critical review of experimental and clinical results.
Authors: R M el Oakley, J C Jarvis
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Skeletal muscle cardiac assist (SMCA) is emerging as a promising form of surgical treatment for end-stage heart failure.In one form, cardiomyoplasty, the muscle is wrapped around the heart and then activated by electrical stimulation to augment myocardial contraction.1Cardiomyoplasty has been performed in more than 400 cases worldwide with variable degrees of success.Despite excellent symptomatic improvement in the majority of patients surviving the procedure, objective hemodynamic effects have not been consistently demonstrated.2,3The hemodynamic effect of cardiomyoplasty has been the subject of a great deal of experimental and clinical research over the past decade.This article discusses in detail the published results of experimental and clinical cardiomyoplasty, with particular emphasis on hemodynamic effects and limitations of the procedure.Other forms of experimental SMCA, including aor- tomyoplasty, skeletal muscle ventricles, and biomechan- ical assist devices, were reviewed recently4-6 and there- fore are not discussed here.Need for Cardiac Assistance Chronic heart failure is a clinical entity characterized by left ventricular dysfunction, impaired quality of life, and markedly shortened life expectancy.7The overall 1- and 5-year survival rates are 57% and 25% in men and 64% and 38% in women, respectively.8Survival rates in patients with new-onset heart failure after acute myo- cardial infarction are even lower, with only a small minority remaining alive at 5 years.9Today, despite optimal pharmacological therapy, mortality due to con- gestive heart failure remains unacceptably high.10Cardiac transplantation has revolutionized the man- agement of end-stage heart disease,11 with 5-and 10-year survival rates of 66% and 52%, respectively.1However, the disparity between the number of donor organs available and the number of transplant candi- dates limits this option to a minority of patients.13Xenotransplantation offers a potential solution to the problem of lack of donor organs, but even in the primate
HIV infection and foreign travel.
Authors: J Heptonstall, J Mortimer
Journal: BMJ (1991)

and I believe we should be much readier to make proleptic appointments, up to a year before an anticipated vacancy occurs.This still allows competitive appointment-which has done much to maintain standards in the NHS-to be retained and allows the hospital the time to make a thought- ful choice after the issue of meaningful advertise- ments.For the chosen candidate this free period offers the chance to plan a personal educational programme to suit a specific situation, which can include the study of technological advances that seem particularly appropriate.However wide or restricted the field in which a special interest is pursued it is worth remembering the comment quoted by Griffen-"safety is not predicted on frequency of performance of an operation, but appears to be directly related to the adequacy of initial training."3
The causal direction in the association between respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and asthma
Authors: Lone Graff Stensballe, Jacob Brunbjerg Simonsen, Simon Francis Thomsen, Anne-Marie Hellesøe Larsen, Susan Hovmand Lysdal, Peter Aaby, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Axel Skytthe, Vibeke Backer, Hans Bisgaard
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Scleritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M I Jayson, D E Jones
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1971)

Simple or nodularConjunctival and superficial episcleral vascular plexuses affected, nodules are superficial and can be moved Cornea not affected No residual physical signs Scleritis Inflammation of the scleral coat of the eye Acute or slow in onset; may resolve in a few weeks or last 1 to 2 years May cause severe pain and general malaise, vision may be blurred Simple, diffuse, nodular, or necrotizing Deep episcleral vascular plexus affected, superficial vessels may also be affected, nodules are deep and fixed to the sclera Cornea may be affected (sclerokeratitis) Followed by scleral thinning; may have serious complications, including perforation Characteristics Definition Course Symptoms
The Bedside Evaluation
Authors: Anthony O. Ogedegbe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters17 January 2012The Bedside EvaluationAnthony O. Ogedegbe, MDAnthony O. Ogedegbe, MDFrom Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-2-201201170-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their article, Verghese and colleagues (1) perform an important service in stressing the continued relevance—not to mention elegance and economy—of the physical examination in current medical practice. Weary and perhaps even skeptical novice clinicians, in particular, will find both solace and encouragement in the message of this piece. The authors offer excellent insights, particularly the recommendation that trainee clinicians not only receive “hands-on” instruction on how to conduct a good physical examination, but also that they be “observed and corrected at the bedside.”Where the authors veer off course is by proposing that the physical examination ...References1. Verghese A, Brady E, Kapur CC, Horwitz RI. The bedside evaluation: ritual and reason. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:550-3. [PMID: 22007047] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Beckman HB, Markakis KM, Suchman AL, Frankel RM. The doctor-patient relationship and malpractice. Lessons from plaintiff depositions. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:1365-70. [PMID: 8002688] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Stevenson LW, Perloff JK. The limited reliability of physical signs for estimating hemodynamics in chronic heart failure. JAMA. 1989;261:884-8. [PMID: 2913385] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Bedside Evaluation: Ritual and Reason Abraham Verghese , Erika Brady , Cari Costanzo Kapur , and Ralph I. Horwitz The Bedside Evaluation Neil A. Louwrens Metrics 17 January 2012Volume 156, Issue 2Page: 170KeywordsBrainConflicts of interestEchocardiographyHeart failureTouchVeins ePublished: 17 January 2012 Issue Published: 17 January 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Use of a Therapeutic Milieu on a Continuing Care Unit in a General Hospital
Authors: REDFORD B. WILLIAMS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Therapeutic milieu is a form of treatment not usually provided for the convalescent general medical or surgical patient. A 20-bed ward has been developed to provide this for patients whose disease or injury has stabilized but who still require hospitalization in a general community hospital. Details of the structure and function of such a milieu are described and illustrated with case histories. Implications of such a ward as a setting for teaching are discussed.
Contribution of Occupational Health to the Solutions of Environmental Health Problems
Authors: James H. Sterner
Journal: JAMA (1969)

It is especially appropriate to discuss the integral relationship between occupational medicine and the variety of community environmental health problems at this Congress on Occupational Health. The contribution from industry, in terms of hazardous products and by-products, has been emphasized, and sometimes overemphasized, while the substantial contribution to the solution of environmental health problems from occupational health sources is little appreciated. Many of the people in this audience, primarily concerned with occupational health problems, were among the first to note the extension of hazard, real and potential, to an ever larger consumer public as the products of advancing technology were translated through industrial production to wider application and use. The Council on Occupational Health, during the past several decades, through a series of white papers recommended to the Board of Trustees of the American Medical Association a greater involvement of the medical profession in the broader and rapidly increasing health
The generation of antigen-specific, major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes of the CD4+ phenotype. Enhancement by the cutaneous administration of interleukin 2.
Authors: G E Hancock, Z A Cohn, G Kaplan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

We have examined an in vitro system in which PBMC from purified protein derivative (PPD)-sensitized patients generate CTL after in vitro activation with antigen. These cells selectively destroy mycobacterial antigen PPD-pulsed monocyte targets. These CTL are of the CD4+ phenotype and exhibit MHC class II restriction. After exposure to antigen these cells require 5-7 d for maximal development, whereas, a separate antigen-independent population is generated within 3-4 d. CD8+ cells are poorly, if not at all, cytotoxic under similar conditions. Cells with properties of the NK and LAK lineage are also present in these cultures and kill other specific targets. Human rIL-2 was injected into the skin of lepromatous patients at 10-micrograms doses, given at 48-h intervals, for three doses. Peripheral blood cells obtained 8-14 d after the initiation of IL-2 injection demonstrated enhanced antigen-dependent destruction of monocyte targets. The efficacy of antigen-dependent and -independent populations and their amplification by IL-2-dependent mechanisms is discussed in terms of the local destruction of parasitized macrophages and the subsequent disposal of M. leprae.
Patterns yes, agency no
Authors: William M. Baum
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Contrary to his own perspective, Rachlin introduces a ghostly inner cost to explain the persistence of behavioral patterns and agency to explain their origins. Both inconsistencies can be set straight by taking account of history and a context larger than the pattern itself. Persistence is explained by stimulus control, if one assumes that defection from a pattern has stimulus properties and is punished. The origins of patterns are understood as an outcome of selection in the larger context of cultural or biological evolution.
Some Statistics of Small-Pox
Authors: H. Tomkins
Journal: BMJ (1878)

Having excluded the ordinary possible causes of spurious enlargement of the liver, and lhaving considered the previous history together with the then present physical signs and symptoms, the physician already alluded to was satisfied that we had mainly to deal with a large cirrhotic liver.Some months previously, according to my own observ- ations, the organ was small and contracted.To account for this appa.rent increase in size was somewhat puzzling.The theories of conges- tion, cancer, etc., were considered, and dismissed as an unsatisfactory explanation.This apparent enlargement remained until the patient died, some months afterwards.At the post mortenm examination, the liver was found lying on its under surface in the lumbar region, the
Estimating Water Supply Arsenic Levels in the New England Bladder Cancer Study
Authors: John R. Nuckols, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Jay H. Lubin, Matthew S. Airola, Dalsu Baris, Joseph D. Ayotte, Anne Taylor, Chris Paulu, Margaret R. Karagas, Joanne Colt, Mary H. Ward, An-Tsun Huang, William Bress, Sai Cherala, Debra T. Silverman, Kenneth P. Cantor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is recognized as a cause of bladder cancer when levels are relatively high (≥ 150 µg/L). The epidemiologic evidence is less clear at the low-to-moderate concentrations typically observed in the United States. Accurate retrospective exposure assessment over a long time period is a major challenge in conducting epidemiologic studies of environmental factors and diseases with long latency, such as cancer.