tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The GHESKIO Refugee Camp after the Earthquake in Haiti — Dispatch 2 from Port-au-Prince
Authors: Jean William Pape, Marie Marcelle Deschamps, Henri Ford, Patrice Joseph, Warren D Johnson, Daniel W Fitzgerald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The first phase of the disaster in Haiti is now ending, with hundreds of thousands of people having died from trauma. But the second phase promises to be as cruel as the first, with deaths due to exposure, starvation, and infectious diseases. Millions of Haitians are homeless and have no food, clean water, sanitation, or primary health care. And the rainy season is coming. The Port-au-Prince clinic of the Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO) has become a refugee camp and an emergency field hospital, even as we continue to run our clinic for . . .
Dietary Change After Breast Cancer: Extent, Predictors, and Relation With Psychological Distress
Authors: E. Maunsell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: Some women may try to cope with breast cancer by making lifestyle modifications, possibly in the hope of improving disease outcome. We assessed extent, predictors, and effect on psychological distress of dietary changes in the year after diagnosis among 250 women with newly diagnosed, nonmetastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data came from medical records, and from interviews 3 days and 12 months after initial treatment. RESULTS: At 12 months, 41% (n = 103) reported dietary changes at some time since diagnosis, with decreases in meat (77%) and increases in fruit and vegetable intake (72%) being the most frequent. Women reporting changes were more likely to be younger, to have positive nodes, to be receiving adjuvant therapy, and to be more distressed initially. The mean 0 to 12 month decrease in psychological distress was greater in women who reported changes (9 points) than those who did not (4.7 points) (P = .03), although regression toward the mean cannot be excluded. CONCLUSION: A sizable proportion of women made dietary changes on their own initiative. Most changes reported were generally consistent with current scientific hypotheses about dietary changes that might favorably affect prognosis. The profile of women reporting changes suggests a group with more concerns about recurrence, who may have initiated dietary change to help cope with and gain a sense of control over the disease, and possibly to improve prognosis. Our results suggest that newly diagnosed women could be receptive to explicit attention to diet as part of psychosocial care. However, this interest in dietary change may not, as yet, have been maximally channeled into trying to improve the care and quality of life of women facing diagnosis, treatments, and fears about recurrence.
[ 18 F]FHBG PET/CT Imaging of CD34-TK75 Transduced Donor T Cells in Relapsed Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Patients: Safety and Feasibility
Authors: Linda G Eissenberg, Michael P Rettig, Julie K Ritchey, Julie L Prior, Sally W Schwarz, Jennifer Frye, Brian S White, Robert S Fulton, Armin Ghobadi, Matthew L Cooper, Daniel R Couriel, Muhammad Esa Seegulam, David Piwnica-Worms, Farrokh Dehdashti, Kenneth Cornetta, John F DiPersio
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Described herein is a first-in-man attempt to both genetically modify T cells with an imagable suicide gene and track these transduced donor T cells in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients using noninvasive positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) imaging. A suicide gene encoding a human CD34-Herpes Simplex Virus-1-thymidine kinase (CD34-TK75) fusion enabled enrichment of retrovirally transduced T cells (TdT), control of graft-versus-host disease and imaging of TdT migration and expansion in vivo in mice and man. Analysis confirmed that CD34-TK75-enriched TdT contained no replication competent γ-retrovirus, were sensitive to ganciclovir, and displayed characteristic retroviral insertion sites (by targeted sequencing). Affinity-purified CD34-TK75(+)-selected donor T cells (1.0-13 × 10(5))/kg were infused into eight patients who relapsed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Six patients also were administered 9-[4-((18)F)fluoro-3-hydroxymethyl-butyl]guanine ([(18)F]FHBG) to specifically track the genetically modified donor T cells by PET/CT at several time points after infusion. All patients were assessed for graft-versus-host disease, response to ganciclovir, circulating TdT cells (using both quantitative polymerase chain reaction and [(18)F]FHBG PET/CT imaging), TdT cell clonal expansion, and immune response to the TdT. This phase 1 trial demonstrated that genetically modified T cells and [(18)F]FHBG can be safely infused in patients with relapsed hematologic malignancies after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Small Steps or a Giant Leap for the Uninsured?
Authors: Andrew B. Bindman, David A. Haggstrom
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fast Evaluation of 69 Basal Cell Carcinomas With Ex Vivo Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy
Authors: Antoni Bennàssar, Cristina Carrera, Susana Puig, Antoni Vilalta, Josep Malvehy
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) represents a first step toward a rapid "bedside pathology" in the Mohs surgery setting and in other fields of general pathology.To describe and validate FCM criteria for the main basal cell carcinoma (BCC) subtypes and to demonstrate the overall agreement with classic pathologic analysis of hematoxylin-eosin-stained samples. DESIGN A total of 69 BCCs from 66 patients were prospectively imaged using ex vivo FCM. Confocal mosaics were evaluated in real time and compared with classic pathologic analysis.Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, between November 2010 and July 2011.Patients with BCC attending the Mohs Surgery Unit.Presence or absence of BCC and histological subtype (superficial, nodular, and infiltrating) in the confocal mosaics. Eight criteria for BCC were described, evaluated, and validated.Although there were minor differences among BCC subtypes, the most BCC-defining criteria were peripheral palisading, clefting, nuclear pleomorphism, and presence of stroma. These criteria were validated with independent observers (κ values >0.7 [corrected] for most criteria).We herein propose, describe, and validate FCM criteria for BCC diagnosis. Fluorescence confocal microscopy is an attractive alternative to histopathologic analysis of frozen sections during Mohs surgery because large areas of freshly excised tissue can be assessed in real time without the need for tissue processing while minimizing labor and costs.
Could Late Spring Bring an End to US Military Medicine's 'New World Order' Role in Somalia?
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1994)

WHAT MAY BE the final US military medical team to deploy to Somalia is expected to arrive in Mogadishu later this month. Its members could compile the last chapter of what to date has been a unique 13 months in the history of military medicine, edged with frustration. But the experience perhaps is offering US military medicine some insights into what may lie ahead in the "new world order." The latest US Army medical team to deploy to Somalia will come from Fort Devens, which is 56 km (35 miles) northwest of Boston, Mass. Present plans call for the team to remain in Somalia until sometime this spring. In an October 7,1993, televised speech to the nation, President Clinton promised to pull all US troops out of Somalia no later than March 31. However, he added that "a few hundred support personnel in noncombat roles" would remain in Somalia for
Arterialization of the Portal Vein in a Patient with a Dearterialized Liver Graft and Massive Necrosis
Authors: Antonino Cavallari, Bruno Nardo, Paolo Caraceni
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

To the Editor: Hepatic-artery thrombosis early after liver transplantation is associated with a very high rate of graft loss and death.1 If urgent revascularization fails2 or if massive hepatic nec...
Hypertensive Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Authors: DONALD HEATH, WILLIAM WHITAKER
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Patients with pulmonary artery blood pressures that are chronically elevated to levels of the order of the systemic blood pressures, form a distinct clinicopathologic entity. This condition may complicate a ventricular septal defect, Eisenmenger's complex, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, and mitral stenosis, and it may occur as idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. The clinical picture is dominated by symptoms and signs characteristic of pulmonary hypertension, which often mask underlying cardiac anomalies, and definitive pathologic changes occur in the pulmonary vasculature. The term hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease is therefore suggested for this distinct group of patients.
On some Hitherto Undescribed Symptoms in the Early History of Osteoarthritis: The So-Called Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: J. K. Spender
Journal: BMJ (1888)

dura mater.The skull was then photographed by my friend Ir.Marriott (Fig. I), after which the right side of the calvarium was removed.On cutting open the dura mater, the outer end of the first rod was seen, exactly in the fissure of Rolando (Fig. II,2), that of the second rod in the superior temporo-sphenoidal convolu-
Light Scattering Measurements of Subcellular Structure Provide Noninvasive Early Detection of Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Kevin J. Chalut, Julie Hanson Ostrander, Michael G. Giacomelli, Adam Wax
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

We present a light scattering study using angle-resolved low coherence interferometry (a/LCI) to assess nuclear morphology and subcellular structure within MCF-7 cells at several time points after treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. Although the nuclear diameter and eccentricity are not observed to change, the light scattering signal reveals a change in the organization of subcellular structures that we interpret using fractal dimension (FD). The FD of subcellular structures in cells treated with paclitaxel and doxorubicin is observed to increase significantly compared with that of control cells as early as 1.5 and 3 hours after application, respectively. The FD is then found to decrease slightly at 6 hours postapplication for both agents only to increase again from 12 to 24 hours posttreatment when the observations ceased. The changes in structure appear over two time scales, suggesting that multiple mechanisms are evident in these early apoptotic stages. Indeed, quantitative image analysis of fluorescence micrographs of cells undergoing apoptosis verifies that the FD of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained nuclear structures does not change significantly in cells until 12 hours after treatment, whereas that of MitoTracker stained mitochondria is seen to modulate as early as 3 hours after treatment. In contrast, cells receiving an increased dose of paclitaxel that induced G(2)-M arrest, but not apoptosis, only exhibited the early change in subcellular structure but did not show the later change associated with changes in nuclear substructure. These results suggest that a/LCI may have utility in detecting early apoptotic events for both clinical and basic science applications.
New devices: drug convertarule.
Authors: B Widdop, J Ramsey
Journal: BMJ (1983)

whose function can never be legitimately usurped by any public or medical body.Since it has been known that I have opposed the GMC's ruling on confidentiality in riespect of minors, I have received over 70 expressions of support from doctors, parents, and others who view the GMC's guidelines on contra- ception and childhood confidentiality with great distaste.
Depression of Escape Pacemakers Associated with Rapid Supraventricular Rate in Patients with Atrioventricular Block
Authors: V. ARAVINDAKSHAN, BORYS SURAWICZ, FUHEID S. DAOUD
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Intermittent failure of escape pacemakers to maintain an effective rate when the supraventricular rate was rapid was observed in three patients with complete, or high degree atrioventricular block. In two of these patients asystole or slowing of escape pacemaker rate to less than 20 per minute was reproduced by atrial pacing at rates from 125 to 150 per minute. We localized the site of the block and the site of escape pacemaker proximal to the bifurcation of the His bundle in all patients. We assume that a critical increase in atrial rate facilitates penetration of the nonconducted supraventricular impulses into the area of block causing discharge of the escape pacemaker. We suggest that such concealed discharge of escape pacemakers should be considered as a cause of slow and variable rate of escape pacemakers in patients with block proximal to the bifurcation of the His bundle.
Cohort survey of heart valve replacement patients: does the valve card scheme have room for improvement?
Authors: M.-B. Edwards, K. M Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Most patients (77%) and general practitioners (63%) were dissatisfied with the new contract exclusion criteria; 23% of patients and 36% of general practitioners were satisfied with it.In all, 51% of general practitioners re-referred their patient either to another hospital (36%) or back to the original unit (15%).
Abstract 680: Quinacrine sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to TRAIL via up-regulating DR5 and eradicating MCL-1
Authors: Wenge Wang, Sharyn I. Katz, Junaid Abdulghani, David Dicker, Wafik S. El-Deiry
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Quinacrine has been widely explored in treatment of malaria, giardiasis, and rheumatic diseases. We find that quinacrine stabilizes p53 and induces p53-dependent and independent tumor cell death. Structurally, quinacrine bears similar characteristics with DNA-intercalating agents. Indeed, quinacrine competes with Propidium Iodide and shows a high binding affinity to DNA. Interestingly, quinacrine is a fluorescent dye that can be visualized under a laser microscope. In live cells, quinacrine is mainly clustered in the cytoplasm with a faint fluorescent signal in the nucleus. If the cells are fixed with methanol, quinacrine accumulates predominantly in the nucleus. Treatment by quinacrine alone at concentrations of 10-20 μM for 1-2 days can not kill hepatocellular carcinoma cells, such as HepG2, Hep3B, Huh7, which are also resistant to TRAIL. However, quinacrine renders these cells sensitive to treatment of TRAIL significantly. Co-treatment of these cells with quinacrine and TRAIL induces overwhelming cell death in 3-4 hr. Western blotting shows the level of DR5, a pro-apoptotic death receptor of TRAIL, is increased while MCL-1, a member of the Bcl-2 family, is decreased. While the synergistic effect of quinacrine with TRAIL appears to be in part independent of p53, knockdown of p53 in HepG2 cells by siRNA results in more cell death after treatment by quinacrine and TRAIL. The mechanism of quinacrine sensitization of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the potential for clinical application are being further explored. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 680.
TCT-426 Bipolar Radiofrequency Renal Denervation With The Vessix Balloon Catheter System: Preclinical Safety Evaluation Through 180 Days
Authors: Gregory J. Wilson, Dawn Winsor-Hines, Radhika R. Tunstall, Barbara A. Huibregtse, Liza Davis, Jeannette Bankes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Increased Efficacy and Safety in the Treatment of Experimental Liver Cancer with a Novel Adenovirus-Alphavirus Hybrid Vector
Authors: Min Guan, Juan R. Rodriguez-Madoz, Pilar Alzuguren, Celia Gomar, M. Gabriela Kramer, Stefan Kochanek, Jesus Prieto, Cristian Smerdou, Cheng Qian
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract An improved viral vector for cancer gene therapy should be capable of infecting tumors with high efficiency, inducing specific and high-level expression of transgene in the tumor and selectively destroying tumor cells. In the design of such a vector to treat hepatocellular carcinoma, we took advantage of (a) the high infectivity of adenoviruses for hepatic cells, (b) the high level of protein expression and proapoptotic properties that characterize Semliki Forest virus (SFV) replicon, and (c) tumor selectivity provided by α-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter. We constructed a hybrid viral vector composed of a helper-dependent adenovirus containing an SFV replicon under the transcriptional control of AFP promoter and a transgene driven by SFV subgenomic promoter. Hybrid vectors containing murine interleukin-12 (mIL-12) genes or reporter gene LacZ showed very specific and high-level expression of transgenes in AFP-expressing hepatocellular carcinoma cells, both in vitro and in an in vivo hepatocellular carcinoma animal model. Infected hepatocellular carcinoma cells were selectively eliminated due to the induction of apoptosis by SFV replication. In a rat orthotopic liver tumor model, treatment of established tumors with a hybrid vector carrying mIL-12 gene resulted in strong antitumoral activity without accompanying toxicity. This new type of hybrid vectors may provide a potent and safe tool for cancer gene therapy. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1620-9)
Snakebite Threat Probed
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Various intensities of leisure time physical activity in patients with coronary artery disease: Effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and progression of coronary atherosclerotic lesions
Authors: Rainer Hambrecht, Josef Niebauer, Christian Marburger, Martin Grunze, Barbara Kälberer, Klaus Hauer, Günter Schlierf, Wolfgang Kübler, Gerhard Schuler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Oxidative stress in the external intercostal muscles of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: E. Barreiro, A. Nowinski, J. Gea, P. Sliwinski
Journal: Thorax (2007)

<h3>Background:</h3> The external intercostal muscles are chronically exposed to increased inspiratory loading and to continuous hypoxia-reoxygenation cycles in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). It was therefore hypothesised that oxidative stress levels would be increased in these muscles, and that treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would modify the oxidative stress levels and improve muscle dysfunction. <h3>Methods:</h3> A case-control study and a case-case study were conducted on the external intercostal muscles of 12 patients with severe OSAS (before and after 6 months of treatment with CPAP) and 6 control subjects. Reactive carbonyl groups, malondialdehyde (MDA)-protein and hydroxynonenal (HNE)-protein adducts, antioxidant enzyme levels, 3-nitrotyrosine and fibre type proportions were measured using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. <h3>Results:</h3> Compared with controls, the intercostal muscles of patients with OSAS had higher levels of protein carbonylation (median values 3.06 and 2.45, respectively, p = 0.042), nitration (median values 1.64 and 1.05, respectively, p = 0.019) and proportions of type I fibres (median values 57% and 48%, respectively, p = 0.035) and reduced respiratory muscle endurance (median values 3.2 and 9.5 min, respectively, p = 0.001). Positive correlations were found between MDA-protein and HNE-protein adducts (<i>r</i> = 0.641, p = 0.02 and <i>r</i> = 0.594, p = 0.05, respectively) and 3-nitrotyrosine (<i>r</i> = 0.625, p = 0.03) and the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) in all the patients with OSAS. Although treatment with CPAP significantly improved the AHI and oxygen desaturation, muscle oxidative stress levels and respiratory muscle endurance were not affected. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> This study suggests that inspiratory muscle performance is not completely restored after long-term treatment with CPAP.
Expecting the Unexpected — Drug Safety, Pharmacovigilance, and the Prepared Mind
Authors: Anne Trontell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

When a new drug is first marketed, findings regarding its efficacy and safety are commonly based on the experience of several thousand people who have been treated in controlled clinical trials. Despite extensive testing, rare adverse events (those that occur in less than one patient per thousand) can easily escape detection, and unforeseen interactions with coexisting clinical conditions or other drug therapies may remain unexplored. As a result, the characterization of the full safety profile of a new drug relies heavily on clinicians' careful observation of its effects in "real world" practice that is far removed from clinical-trial conditions. Discovery . . .