tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impaired secretion of very low density lipoprotein-triglycerides by apolipoprotein E- deficient mouse hepatocytes.
Authors: F Kuipers, M C Jong, Y Lin, M Eck, R Havinga, V Bloks, H J Verkade, M H Hofker, H Moshage, T J Berkel, R J Vonk, L M Havekes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

To explore mechanisms underlying triglyceride (TG) accumulation in livers of chow-fed apo E-deficient mice (Kuipers, F., J.M. van Ree, M.H. Hofker, H. Wolters, G. In't Veld, R.J. Vonk, H.M.G. Princen, and L.M. Havekes. 1996. Hepatology. 24:241-247), we investigated the effects of apo E deficiency on secretion of VLDL-associated TG (a) in vivo in mice, (b) in isolated perfused mouse livers, and (c) in cultured mouse hepatocytes. (a) Hepatic VLDL-TG production rate in vivo, determined after Triton WR1339 injection, was reduced by 46% in apo E-deficient mice compared with controls. To eliminate the possibility that impaired VLDL secretion is caused by aspecific changes in hepatic function due to hypercholesterolemia, VLDL-TG production rates were also measured in apo E-deficient mice after transplantation of wild-type mouse bone marrow. Bone marrow- transplanted apo E-deficient mice, which do not express apo E in hepatocytes, showed normalized plasma cholesterol levels, but VLDL-TG production was reduced by 59%. (b) VLDL-TG production by isolated perfused livers from apo E-deficient mice was 50% lower than production by livers from control mice. Lipid composition of nascent VLDL particles isolated from the perfusate was similar for both groups. (c) Mass VLDL-TG secretion by cultured apo E-deficient hepatocytes was reduced by 23% compared with control values in serum-free medium, and by 61% in the presence of oleate in medium (0. 75 mM) to stimulate lipogenesis. Electron microscopic evaluation revealed a smaller average size for VLDL particles produced by apo E-deficient cells compared with control cells in the presence of oleate (38 and 49 nm, respectively). In short-term labeling studies, apo E-deficient and control cells showed a similar time-dependent accumulation of [3H]TG formed from [3H]glycerol, yet secretion of newly synthesized VLDL-associated [3H]TG by apo E-deficient cells was reduced by 60 and 73% in the absence and presence of oleate, respectively. We conclude that apo E, in addition to its role in lipoprotein clearance, has a physiological function in the VLDL assembly-secretion cascade.
A Long-term Study of the Antiinflammatory Effect of Low-dose Budesonide Plus Formoterol versus High-dose Budesonide in Asthma
Authors: JOHAN C. KIPS, BRIAN J. O'CONNOR, MARK D. INMAN, KLAS SVENSSON, ROMAIN A. PAUWELS, PAUL M. O'BYRNE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Adding inhaled long-acting β2-agonists to a low dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), results in better clinical asthma control than increasing the dose of ICS. However, this approach may mask underlying airway inflammation. In a double-blind parallel-group study, we evaluated the effect of adding formoterol to a low dose of budesonide, compared with a higher dose of budesonide, on the composition of induced sputum. After a 4-wk run-in period of treatment with budesonide (800 μ g, twice daily), 60 patients with moderate asthma were randomly assigned to a 1-yr treatment with 400 μ g of budesonide plus placebo, twice daily (BUD800), or 100 μ g of budesonide plus 12 μ g of formoterol, twice daily (BUD200 + F). All drugs were administered via Turbuhaler. Budesonide (800 μ g, twice daily) during run-in significantly reduced median sputum eosinophils from 4.5 to 0.68%. No significant changes in the proportion of eosinophils, EG2+ cells, other inflammatory cells, or ECP levels in sputum were observed over the ensuing 1-yr treatment with BUD200 + F or BUD800. Clinical asthma control was not significantly different between both groups. In conclusion, no significant differences in sputum markers of airway inflammation were observed during a 1-yr treatment with a low dose of inhaled budesonide plus formoterol compared with a higher dose of budesonide. Kips JC, O'Connor BJ, Inman MD, Svensson K, Pauwels RA, O'Byrne PM. A long-term study of the antiinflammatory effect of low-dose budesonide plus formoterol versus high-dose budesonide in asthma.
Exercise and Heart Failure
Authors: Marc A. Silver
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Medical Writings15 December 1997Exercise and Heart FailureMarc A. Silver, MDMarc A. Silver, MDLoyola University Heart Failure Program, Maywood, Illinois.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00047 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Balady GJ, Pina IL; eds. 354 pages. Armonk, NY: Futura; 1997. $75.00. ISBN 0879936673. Order phone 800-877-8761.Field of medicine: Cardiology, exercise physiology, and cardiac rehabilitation.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Cardiologists, internists, and cardiac rehabilitation specialists.Purpose: To review the clinical problem of heart failure, the prognostic importance of exercise intolerance, and the role of exercise training.Content: The book emphasizes the scope of the heart failure problem, the prognostic importance of effort intolerance, other therapeutic approaches to heart failure, and the use of exercise training as a safe and effective therapeutic adjunct for patients with heart failure. Also included ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Loyola University Heart Failure Program, Maywood, Illinois. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 12Page: 1139-1140KeywordsCardiac rehabilitationExerciseExercise therapyHealth careHeartHeart failureInterleukinsRehabilitation medicineSports and exercise medicineTransplantation ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Association between Prenatal Exposure to Antiretroviral Therapy and Birth Defects: An Analysis of the French Perinatal Cohort Study (ANRS CO1/CO11)
Authors: Jeanne Sibiude, Laurent Mandelbrot, Stéphane Blanche, Jérôme Le Chenadec, Naima Boullag-Bonnet, Albert Faye, Catherine Dollfus, Roland Tubiana, Damien Bonnet, Nathalie Lelong, Babak Khoshnood, Josiane Warszawski
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Jeanne Sibiude and colleagues use the French Perinatal Cohort to estimate the prevalence of birth defects in children born to HIV-infected women receiving antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Randomized Phase III Trial of Docetaxel Plus Carboplatin with or without Levofloxacin Prophylaxis in Elderly Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: The APRONTA Trial
Authors: Wolfgang Schuette, Sylke Nagel, Ludwig Fischer von Weikersthal, Stefan Pabst, Christian Schumann, Burkhard Deuss, Thorsten Salm, Katrin Roscher, Nicolas Dickgreber
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Platelet accumulation in experimental angioplasty: time course and relation to vascular injury.
Authors: J R Wilentz, T A Sanborn, C C Haudenschild, C R Valeri, T J Ryan, D P Faxon
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Since platelet accumulation may be an important determinant of restenosis after angioplasty, the time course of 51Cr-labeled platelet accumulation after experimental angioplasty was evaluated in a deendothelialized, hypercholesterolemic rabbit preparation of atherosclerosis. Marked platelet accumulation (39.5 +/- 8.7 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm vessel length) was observed at 30 min and remained active until 4 hr after angioplasty. Total accumulation over 24 hr was 56.4 +/- 4.7 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm length. Histologic dissection was directly related to the degree of platelet accumulation, with 64 +/- 15 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm in the group with marked dissection and 8.7 +/- 3.7 X 10(6) platelets/1 cm in the group with minimal dissection (p less than .05). Increasing angiographic dissection also resulted in a trend toward increased platelet accumulation, and angiographic change in luminal diameter showed a significant correlation with platelet accumulation. It is concluded that marked platelet accumulation occurs early after transluminal angioplasty and is related to the extent of dissection. Restenosis may result from a complex interaction of platelet accumulation, vascular damage, and blood flow.
Influence of the Sympathetic System on the Pacemaker Suppression Which Follows Overdrive
Authors: MICHAEL B. PLIAM, DANIEL J. KRELLENSTEIN, MARIO VASSALLE, CHANDLER McC. BROOKS
Journal: Circulation (1973)

When ventricular pacemakers are electrically stimulated at a fast rate, the cessation of the drive is followed by a temporary suppression of automaticity ("overdrive suppression"). The role of the sympathetic system in the regulation of this overdrive suppression was studied and the following results obtained: 1) Hypotension induced during overdrive by amyl nitrite inhalation caused a shortening of the pause which follows the drive. 2) Bilateral resection of the stellate ganglia led to the opposite effect. 3) Maximal stellate ganglion stimulation halved the pause duration. 4) Norepinephrine infusion accelerated the idioventricular rate and shortened the pause. 5) Beta adrenergic blockade decreased the idioventricular rate and prolonged the pause. It is concluded that the tonic sympathetic discharge not only controls the basal idioventricular rate but also plays a regulatory role in the suppression of idioventricular automaticity which follows overdrive. This regulatory role can be dissociated from changes in idioventricular rate prior to overdrive.
Radiation and Cancer
Authors: Sheldon S. Stoffer
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  Because of our interest in thyroidology, we are studying a rather large group of patients who have had radiation to the head or neck area for a wide variety of reasons. 1 Recently, we saw a 28-year-old woman with a history of radiation therapy to the chest at the age of 3 years for asthma. This patient requested consultation because of a tiny 0.75-cm nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid that had decreased functional activity. Her physician had recommended prompt surgical excision. The entire thyroid was found to be diffusely enlarged at 1 1/2 times normal size. Because of the small size of this nodule and its low-grade malignant potential, we elected to observe this patient while receiving levothyroxine sodium, 0.15 mg daily.  When we saw the patient six weeks later, we learned that she also had an irregular 3.0-cm mass in the lateral aspect
Transcriptional repression of VEGF by ZNF24: mechanistic studies and vascular consequences in vivo
Authors: Di Jia, Sean M. Hasso, Joanne Chan, Domenic Filingeri, Patricia A. D'Amore, Lori Rice, Christine Pampo, Dietmar W. Siemann, David Zurakowski, Scott J. Rodig, Marsha A. Moses
Journal: Blood (2012)
QUANTIFY CORONARY COLLATERALS WITH CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: SHOULD WE REVASCULARIZE DIABETIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE WITH CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION?
Authors: Nishant Sethi, Pahul Singh, Puneet Bansal, Juan Lei, Robert Carhart, Hani Kozman, Kan Liu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Emergence of Large Treatment Effects From Small Trials
Authors: Alan M. Batterham, William G. Hopkins
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trephining in Intracranial Suppuration the Result of Fracture
Authors: D. A. McCurdy
Journal: BMJ (1901)

TREPHINING IN INTRACRANIAL SUPPURATION.I, To Ar 391 scalp scar of the incision made for exploration of the temporo-sphenoidal lobe.This scar pulsates owing to the deficiency of the cranium beneath it.atthe point where the bone was removed over the middle fossa.
Estrogens and Cardiovascular Risk-Reply
Authors: Chris Anne Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The letter by Drs Stampfer and Colditz points out the very problem that originally sparked the article: the difficulty in correctly interpreting the results of ongoing epidemiologic studies. If you read the article carefully, you will note in the lead paragraph that I state that "reports in the lay press" suggested that the Harvard study questioned the benefits of estrogen. Since our readers presumably read newspapers, we felt it important to explain the seeming discrepancy. This was the reason why I interviewed Dr Colditz, who did a fine job of explaining what their study did and did not say about estrogens, menopause, and cardiovascular risk. In fact, the final paragraph emphasizes the benefits of estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal
OT3-01-08: Phase II Study of S-1 Combined with Cisplatin in the First-Line Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer.
Authors: Y Fan, BH Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Rationale: There is no standard choice of first-line treatment for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). It is supposed that TNBC may be more sensitive to DNA damage agents such as platinum but resistant to cell cycle specific agents including taxanes and 5-fluorouracil. Currently these hypotheses are under investigation in several ongoing clinical trials. S-1 is an orally administered fluorinated pyrimidine with high activity in non-small-cell lung cancer and gastric cancer. Recently single agent S-1 has been reported to be effective in capecitabine-resistant metastatic breast cancer with a response rate of 27.8% and median TTP of 6.2 months. So it is intriguing to find whether S-1 plus cisplatin would be a valuable regimen in TNBC patients with limited choices of management. Design: This is a prospective, single-arm phase II study. Eligible patients are treated first with S-1( 80mg/m2, 2 weeks on and 1 week off) and cisplatin (75mg/m2 intravenously day1) every 3 weeks as a cycle for up to 6 cycles, until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient consent withdrawal. If no PD was observed after 6 cycles, patients can remain on S-1 until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient consent withdrawal. Eligibility: Major inclusion criteria includes: 1. histologically confirmed triple negative breast cancer; 2. advanced patients without prior treatment for locally recurrent or metastatic disease; 3. patients must have received anthracyclines and taxanes in neo/adjuvant setting; 4. at least one measurable disease according to RECIST 1.1; 5. adequate organ function within acceptable range. Endpoints: The primary endpoint is objective response rate (ORR) and secondary endpoints include progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety profile. Exploratory biomarks will be studied for TS and DPD enzyme expression and genotyping. Statistical considerations: The expected response rate is around 50% based on the literature, and the null hypothesis is based on a response rate no greater than 30%. According to Simon's two stage phase II design with errors of 0.05 and 0.20 respectively, a minimum of 15 patients would be required in the first stage and totally 46 patients after the second stage. Since a non-compliance rate of 10% is expected, we plan to enroll a total of 50 patients. Recruitment: Currently it has just been initiated with 1 patient still on screening. The target accrual, as stated above, is 50 patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-01-08.
Insulin Causes Endothelial Dysfunction in Humans
Authors: Guido Arcaro, Anna Cretti, Sara Balzano, Alessandro Lechi, Michele Muggeo, Enzo Bonora, Riccardo C. Bonadonna
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Insulin resistance is often accompanied by hyperinsulinemia and may predispose to atherosclerosis. Endothelium plays a central role in atherogenesis. The in vivo effects of hyperinsulinemia on endothelial function of large conduit arteries are unknown. Methods and Results — Twenty-five healthy subjects were enrolled for study. In study A (n=9), subjects underwent both a time-control saline study and a euglycemic low-dose insulin (insulin ≈110 pmol/L) clamp for 6 hours. Study B (n=5) was identical to study A except that the euglycemic clamp was performed at high physiological insulin concentrations (≈440 pmol/L). In study C (n=7), subjects underwent two 4-hour euglycemic insulin (≈110 pmol/L) clamps with and without the concomitant infusion of an antioxidant (vitamin C). In study D (n=4), two saline time-control studies were performed with and without the concomitant infusion of vitamin C. In all studies, both at baseline and throughout the experimental period, endothelium-dependent (flow-mediated) and endothelium-independent (nitroglycerin-induced) vasodilation was assessed in femoral and brachial arteries by echo Doppler. Both low (study A) and high physiological (study B) hyperinsulinemia abolished endothelium-dependent vasodilation, whereas endothelium-independent vasodilation was unaffected. Vitamin C fully restored insulin-impaired endothelial function without affecting endothelium-independent vasodilation (study C). Vitamin C had no effects on endothelium-dependent or endothelium-independent vasodilation during saline control studies (study D). Conclusions — Modest hyperinsulinemia, mimicking fasting hyperinsulinemia of insulin-resistant states, abrogates endothelium-dependent vasodilation in large conduit arteries, probably by increasing oxidant stress. These data may provide a novel pathophysiological basis to the epidemiological link between hyperinsulinemia/insulin-resistance and atherosclerosis in humans.
RUDIMENTARY MARSUPIAL POUCH IN MAN
Authors: E. WARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1912)

Journal Article RUDIMENTARY MARSUPIAL POUCH IN MAN Get access E. WARD, M.D., F.R.C.S. E. WARD, M.D., F.R.C.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 24, Issue 10, 1 October 1912, Pages 366–367, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1912.tb16700.x Published: 01 October 1912
525. Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease by Neprilysin Gene Transfer
Authors: Robert A. Marr, Edward Rockenstien, Mark S. Kindy, Louis B. Hersh, Fred H. Gage, Eliezer Masliah, Inder M. Verma
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Accumulation of the amyloid beta peptide (A|[beta]|) is believed to be a key component in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Deregulation of the anabolism and / or catabolism of A|[beta]| likely contribute to progression of this disease. Endopeptidases expressed in the brain are now thought to control A|[beta]| concentrations. Neprilysin is a metalloendopeptidase that has been shown to be an important mediator of A|[beta]| degradation. This discovery has opened the way for potentially new therapeutic strategies designed to augment protease activity. To investigate this approach we constructed a lentiviral gene transfer vector that efficiently produces biologically active neprilysin (Lenti-Nep), and intracranially injected this vector into mouse models of amyloidosis (APPtg). Previously we had shown that one-month after Lenti-Nep administration amyloid deposits were significantly reduced in mice with advanced amyloidosis (43% reduction) in addition to improvements in dendritic density (16% increase in MAP2 immunoreactivity). We now show that long-term experiments (five to six months) in younger APPtg mice resulted in further reduced amyloid pathology (54% to 65% reductions in deposited amyloid) and improvements in MAP2, synaptophysin, and NeuN immunoreactivity (|[sim]|20%). Memory test performance in the Morris Water Maze was also improved by Lenti-Nep administration. These data further support the potential use of neprilysin gene transfer for the treatment on AD.
Comprehensive Health Care Reform and Managed Competition
Authors: H E Simmons, M M Rhoades, M A Goldberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The debate about health care reform is under way, and for that we should all be grateful. There is little question that reform is needed to control costs, ensure access for the tens of millions of Americans who have no health coverage, and improve the quality and consistency of the care delivered. What we need to guard against as the debate develops is the tendency, already in evidence, for the proponents of various plans and approaches to emphasize the points on which they disagree.Two years ago, an exceedingly diverse group of organizations — businesses in all sorts of industries, . . .
A Defect in Mitochondrial Electron-Transport Activity (NADH–Coenzyme Q Oxidoreductase) in Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Authors: William Davis Parker, Christine A. Oley, Janice K. Parks
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

LEBER'S hereditary optic neuropathy is a disorder of unclear cause. Even among members of the same family, the disorder displays a striking degree of clinical heterogeneity, involving an optic neuropathy, at times a movement disorder, and rarely a generalized encephalopathy resulting in death in childhood. Nonneurologic findings include electrocardiographic abnormalities and retinal microangiopathy.1 2 3 The disease is clearly familial but has been difficult to analyze in terms of classic mendelian genetics. It is transmitted exclusively by women to offspring of both sexes; there have been no demonstrated cases of paternal transmission. Wallace has raised the possibility that the disorder results from . . .
Should Operations Be Regionalized?
Authors: Harold S. Luft, John P. Bunker, Alain C. Enthoven
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

This study examines mortality rates for 12 surgical procedures of varying complexity in 1498 hospitals to determine whether there is a relation between a hospital's surgical volume and its surgical mortality. The mortality of open-heart surgery, vascular surgery, transurethral resection of the prostate, and coronary bypass decreased with increasing number of operations. Hospitals in which 200 or more of these operations were done annually had death rates, adjusted for case mix, 25 to 41 per cent lower than hospitals with lower volumes. For other procedures, the mortality curve flattened at lower volumes. For example, hospitals doing 50 to 100 total hip replacements attained a mortality rate for this procedure almost as low as that of hospitals doing 200 or more. Some procedures, such as cholecystectomy, showed no relation between volume and mortality. The results may reflect the effect of volume or experience on mortality, or referrals to institutions with better outcomes, as well as a number of other factors, such as patient selection. Regardless of the explanation, these data support the value of regionalization for certain operations.