tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous morphologic changes in left ventricular thrombi: a prospective two-dimensional echocardiographic study.
Authors: S Domenicucci, P Bellotti, F Chiarella, G Lupi, C Vecchio
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Previous retrospective echocardiographic studies have reported a higher embolic potential of left ventricular thrombi with protruding configuration and patterns of mobility. The present study was performed to prospectively assess the shape and mobility patterns of left ventricular thrombi and their spontaneous changes with time. Two-dimensional echocardiograms were obtained in 109 consecutive patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction within 24 hr of the onset of symptoms, every 24 hr until day 5, every 48 hr until day 15, and then every month for a follow-up of 1 to 29 (mean 14 +/- 8) months in the survivors. None of the patients were treated with anticoagulants or platelet inhibitors during the study period. Left ventricular thrombi, detected in 59 patients (54%), appeared from 1 to 362 (mean 12 +/- 47) days after myocardial infarction. At first detection, the shape was mural in 21 patients and protruding in 38; patterns of mobility were present in eight patients. During follow-up, changes in the shape of the thrombi were noted in 24 patients (41%; from mural to protruding in nine, from protruding to mural in 15). These variations were encountered between 2 and 490 (mean 64 +/- 117) days after the first observation of the thrombus. Patterns of mobility, previously detected in eight patients, disappeared in five of eight within 2 to 28 (mean 14 +/- 11) days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Echocardiography of the "floppy" aortic valve. Report of a case.
Authors: P A Chandraratna, P Samet, M J Robinson, C Byrd
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The echocardiographic features of a patient with severe aortic regurgitation due to a "floppy" aortic valve are presented. The salient abnormality observed was marked fluttering of the aortic valve cusps in diastole. Fluttering of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve and left ventricular enlargement were noted. The diagnosis of a "floppy" aortic valve was substantiated at surgery.
AB1373 A very high prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy combined with low dietary calcium intake is found in european postmenopausal women
Authors: O. Bruyere, F. Buckinx, J.-Y. Reginster
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> A lack of calcium intake and a low vitamin D level represent a risk factor for osteoporosis. The recommended nutritional intake of calcium is equal to 800 mg/day for European adults but increases to a minimum of 1000 mg/day in women after menopause. The WHO recommends 1300 mg/day for European menopausal women. There are no clear international agreements on what constitutes a level of vitamin D inadequacy, but recent publications suggest that the circulating level of vitamin D should be over 80 nmol/L or at least between 50 nmol/L and 80 nmol/L. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of low calcium dietary intake combined with low vitamin D level in European postmenopausal osteoporotic women. <h3>Methods</h3> The assessment of calcium dietary intake with a validated self-questionnaire and of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with a commercial radioimmunoassay (DiaSorin) was performed in 8532 osteoporotic European women from 9 European countries (i.e. Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain, United Kingdom). <h3>Results</h3> Mean age of the women was 74.2 (7.1) years with a body mass index of 25.7 (4.2) kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The level of 25(OH)D was 61.0 (27.2) nmol/L and the mean calcium dietary intake was 930.7 (±422.9) mg/day. Surprisingly, only 108 out of the 8532 patients (=1.18%) included in this study have a calcium intake superior to 1300 mg and a 25(OH)D level superior to 80 nmol/L. This prevalence only increase to 27.1% when minimal cut-off levels of 800mg of calcium and 50 nmol/L of vitamin D are considered. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Calcium dietary intake and vitamin D level are very low in European postmenopausal women. A greater awareness is needed to resolve this public health problem. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
EARLY U.S. EXPERIENCE OF TRANSFEMORAL TRASCATHTER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT FROM THE NATIONAL INPATIENT SAMPLE REGISTRY
Authors: Luke Kim, Shing-Chiu Wong, David Yang, Dmitriy Feldman, Rajesh Swaminathan, Xuming Sun, Min Kyeong Lee, Konstantinos Charitakis, Ashish Shah, Geoffrey Bergman, Harsimran Singh, Robert Minutello
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
S?zary syndrome and seronegative polyarthritis: Treatment with extracorporeal photochemotherapy
Authors: Walter Macheiner, Christian Jantschitsch, Winfried Graninger, Katalin Plczy, Gza Blint, Mrta Marschalk, Franz Kainberger, Friedrich Breier, Robert M. Knobler
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
Kaplan and Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences Clinical Psychiatry
Authors: David W. Hodo
Journal: JAMA (1996)

This update of the standard synopsis by Kaplan and Sadock contains more than 1200 pages of text. The preface admirably elucidates the challenging predicaments faced by modern psychiatry and promises a balanced solution. Dr Jack Grebb is now the third author, although no biography is included. The<i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV)</i>nosology is used throughout. The 52 chapters are mostly brief and to the point. The text is permeated with many excellent tables. There are bright "color reproductions" of drugs made less useful by the advent of generics. This volume challenges the psychiatrist to master being physician, therapist, and psychopharmacologist. The Grant Study, so eloquently carried out and presented by George Vaillant, is prominently interwoven. Milton Erickson is mentioned under "hypnosis" but not individual
Filling in the Blanks
Authors: Barbara Seaman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Risk Factors in Heatstroke
Authors: Dianne M. Parrotte
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To  Editor.—  In their article on risk factors for heatstroke, Kilbourne et al stated that the association between tree growth and heat stroke requires further  (1982; 247:3332). Such clarification may already have been provided. According to Robert Little, arborist for  Boston Edison Company, one large tree cools as much as five 10,000-BTU air conditioners. 1 Thus, although living in a well-shaded home may serve as a market for high socioeconomic status, as pointed out by Kilbourne et al, it should also and does correlate well with  same protective effect as air conditioning.  The significance of  shade-tree effect should not be lost on either city planners or medical personnel attempting to prevent heatstroke. Scant financial resources spent for shade trees might well provide many more years of protection against heatstroke, much less energy expenditure, and much more beauty than  same resources spent for electric fans.
Cooling tower is suspected as source of legionella outbreak
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2012)

An industrial cooling tower is thought to be the source of an outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in Edinburgh that has killed one man and left another 15 people critically ill.

There are an additional 15 suspected cases and more are expected to be identified over the coming days.

Four towers have been chemically treated in an attempt to kill the bacteria since the …
ERB'S PRIMARY MUSCULAR ATROPHY.
Authors: ELMORE S. PETTYJOHN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Since Duchenne first described progressive muscular atrophy in adults and infants and regraded<i>each</i>form as of<i>peripheral</i>origin, the study of the clinical history and pathology of muscular dystrophies has only partially decided which are of muscular and which of spinal origin. We now believe that the hereditary form found during infancy and early life, especially if it attacks several members of the same family, is of muscular origin, and certainly so if there are present postmortem hypertrophied muscular fibers side by side with atrophied and degenerated fibers, and with no changes in the anterior horns of gray matter of the cord nor in the nuclei of the fourth ventricle or aqueductus sylvii. One chief reason for considering this much talked about disease is the desire to establish a definite symptomatology, to accomplish a differential diagnosis and arrive at the rational treatment for the benefit of the patient, rather
Crossing Species Boundaries
Authors: Jason Scott Robert, Françoise Baylis
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2003)

This paper critically examines the biology of species identity and the morality of crossing species boundaries in the context of emerging research that involves combining human and nonhuman animals at the genetic or cellular level. We begin with the notion of species identity, particularly focusing on the ostensible fixity of species boundaries, and we explore the general biological and philosophical problem of defining species. Against this backdrop, we survey and criticize earlier attempts to forbid crossing species boundaries in the creation of novel beings. We do not attempt to establish the immorality of crossing species boundaries, but we conclude with some thoughts about such crossings, alluding to the notion of moral confusion regarding social and ethical obligations to novel interspecies beings.
1009. Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer by Controlling Adenovirus E1A and E4 Gene Expression with PSES Enhancer
Authors: Xiong Li, Yan Ping Zhang, Hong-sup Kim, Kyung-Hee Bae, Keith M. Stantz, Sang-Jin Lee, Chaeyong Jung, Juan A. Jiménez, Thomas A. Gardner, Meei-Huey Jeng, Ching-hai Kao
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

PSES is a chimeric enhancer containing enhancer elements from prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) genes that are prevalently expressed in androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancers. PSES demonstrates strong activity equivalent to cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, specifically in PSA/PSMA-positive prostate cancer cells, the major cell types in prostate cancer in the absence of androgen. We developed a recombinant adenovirus (AdE4PSESE1a) by placing adenoviral E1a and E4 genes under the control of the bi-directional enhancer PSES and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene, for the purpose of intra-tumoral virus tracking, under the control of CMV promoter. Since PSES is very weak in non-prostatic cells, including HEK293 and HER911 that are frequently used to produce recombinant adenovirus, AdE4PSESE1a can only be produced in the HER911E4 cell line which expresses both E1 and E4 genes. AdE4PSESE1a demonstrated similar viral replication and tumor cell killing activity to wild-type adenovirus in PSA/PSMA-positive prostate cancer cells. The viral replication and tumor cell killing activities were dramatically attenuated in PSA/PSMA-negative cells. To test whether AdE4PSESE1a could be used to target prostate tumors in vivo, CWR22rv subcutaneous tumors were induced in nude mice and treated with AdE4PSESE1a via intra-tumoral and tail vein injection. Compared to tumors treated with control virus, the growth of CWR22rv tumors was dramatically inhibited by AdE4PSESE1a via tail vein injection or intra-tumoral injection. These data demonstrate that adenoviral replication can be tightly controlled in a novel fashion by controlling adenoviral E1a and E4 genes simultaneously with a single enhancer.
Oral Fingolimod (FTY720) for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ludwig Kappos, Jack Antel, Giancarlo Comi, Xavier Montalban, Paul O'Connor, Chris H. Polman, Tomas Haas, Alexander A. Korn, Goeril Karlsson, Ernst W. Radue
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Fingolimod (FTY720) is a new oral immunomodulating agent under evaluation for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis.We randomly assigned 281 patients to receive oral fingolimod, at a dose of 1.25 mg or 5.0 mg, or a placebo once daily, and we followed these patients for 6 months with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical evaluations (core study, months 0 to 6). The primary end point was the total number of gadolinium-enhanced lesions recorded on T(1)-weighted MRI at monthly intervals for 6 months. In an extension study in which the investigators and patients remained unaware of the dose assignments (months 7 to 12), patients who received placebo underwent randomization again to one of the fingolimod doses.A total of 255 patients completed the core study. The median total number of gadolinium-enhanced lesions on MRI was lower with 1.25 mg of fingolimod (1 lesion, P<0.001) and 5.0 mg of fingolimod (3 lesions, P=0.006) than with placebo (5 lesions). The annualized relapse rate was 0.77 in the placebo group, as compared with 0.35 in the group given 1.25 mg of fingolimod (P=0.009) and 0.36 in the group given 5.0 mg of fingolimod (P=0.01). For the 227 patients who completed the extension study, the number of gadolinium-enhanced lesions and relapse rates remained low in the groups that received continuous fingolimod, and both measures decreased in patients who switched from placebo to fingolimod. Adverse events included nasopharyngitis, dyspnea, headache, diarrhea, and nausea. Clinically asymptomatic elevations of alanine aminotransferase levels were more frequent with fingolimod (10 to 12%, vs. 1% in the placebo group). One case of the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome occurred in the 5.0-mg group. Fingolimod was also associated with an initial reduction in the heart rate and a modest decrease in the forced expiratory volume in 1 second.In this proof-of-concept study, fingolimod reduced the number of lesions detected on MRI and clinical disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis. Evaluation in larger, longer-term studies is warranted. (Clinicaltrials.gov numbers, NCT00333138 [core study] and NCT00235430 [ClinicalTrials.gov] [extension].).
Serum sialyl Lewis X-i antigen in lung adenocarcinoma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: H Satoh
Journal: Thorax (2002)

Sialyl Lewis X-i antigen has been used as a diagnostic tool for lung adenocarcinoma. However, serum levels of the antigen are also raised in some patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) without coexistent malignancy. Expression of the antigen in serum samples of patients with lung adenocarcinoma was evaluated and compared with that of patients with IPF by Western blotting in order to establish a specific laboratory test to differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from IPF.The pattern of antigen expression in serum samples from 23 patients with either lung adenocarcinoma or non-malignant lung disease in whom serum levels of sialyl Lewis X-i antigen (>50 U/ml) were significantly increased was studied by Western blotting.Thirteen of the 14 serum samples from patients with lung adenocarcinoma had a molecular weight band at 120 or 130 kD, while five of the six patients with IPF had two or three bands at <97.4 kD. The pattern of antigen expression was apparently different between the two diseases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of this test in 20 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and IPF were 92.9%, 83.3%, 5.57, and 0.09, respectively.Western blotting analysis of serum samples from patients with raised levels of sialyl Lewis X-i antigen provides some clinical information for a differential diagnosis between lung adenocarcinoma and IPF.
Locating meaning in interaction, not in the brain
Authors: William Turnbull, Jeremy I. M. Carpendale
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Pulverm&amp;uuml;ller's attempt to link language with brain activity appears to depend on the assumption that words have context-independent meanings. An examination of everyday talk contradicts this assumption. The meaning that speakers convey depends not only on word content, but also, and importantly, on the location of a “word” in an ongoing sequence of turns in talk.
INSTRUCTION IN HYGIENE IN MEDICAL COLLEGES AND THE TRAINING OF HEALTH OFFICERS
Authors: F. F. WESBROOK
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In America we have been slow to recognize the need of special training for the various branches of public service. Many examples lie close at hand. We are proud to show visitors that our most imposing and best buildings are for the training of our children, those who are to carry on the work after we have laid it down. Yet we entrust the training of our girls and boys to those who are school-teachers<i>pro tempore</i>and whose ultimate graduation at the altar, at the bar, in the profession of medicine or in business, being constantly in mind, is apt to lower pedagogic efficiency. Corporation lawyers often use the bench as a postgraduate training. The interests of the corporations demand and receive the services of the best and most highly paid talent, while, on the other hand, the interests of the public are too often left to the individual
TCT-277 High Level of Copeptin in ST elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction patients is associated with In-Hospital Mortality and Plaque Rupture; TAMI-COP study
Authors: Sang-Wook Kim, Gary Mintz, Wang Soo Lee, EunYoung Kim, Jun Hwan Jo, KwangJe Lee, CheeJeong Kim, TaeHo Kim, Neil Weissman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
BMA annual meeting: General practice is imploding, BMA warns
Authors: A. Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

General practice is “imploding” and practices are in danger of closure, the BMA has warned. 

Speaking at the association’s annual representative meeting, Chaand Nagpaul, chairman of the BMA’s General Practitioners Committee, warned that general practice was in a “parlous” state. “NHS general practice has been systematically devalued, attacked, and defunded, leaving it in a parlous state, with the quadruple whammy of a crisis in workload, workforce, premises, and morale,” …
Neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 in seronegative volunteers immunized with recombinant gp120 from the MN strain of HIV-1. NIAID AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network
Authors: R. B. Belshe
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the MN strain of recombinant gp 120 (MN rgp 120) as a vaccine prototype to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). <h3>Design.</h3> —Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with subjects vaccinated at 0, 4, 24, and 48 weeks and followed up through 64 weeks. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Units in St Louis, Mo, Nashville, Tenn, and Rochester, NY, conducted the clinical study. Laboratory studies were conducted at Duke University, Raleigh, NC; data analysis was done by the Data Coordinating and Analysis Center at the EMMES Corporation, Potomac, Md. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Fifty-seven persons seronegative for HIV, at low risk for acquiring HIV infection, and 18 to 60 years of age. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —The MN rgp 120 vaccine was administered to 12 volunteers each in doses of 100 μg, 300 μg, or 600 μg, and 12 volunteers received a combination of 300 μg of MN rgp 120 vaccine and 300 μg of vaccine from rgp 120 of strain IIIB. Nine volunteers received alum adjuvant alone (control). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Safety was assessed by monitoring lymphocyte subsets, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes. Immunogenicity was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the immunogen and synthetic peptide corresponding to the variable region 3 domain of gp 120. Functional antibody assays included CD4 binding blocking; antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity; and neutralization of homologous and heterologous HIV strains. <h3>Results.</h3> —No severe adverse reactions occurred. In 33 of 48 volunteers, tw doses of vaccine induced antibodies that neutralized the homologous strain HIV-1/MN. Three doses of vaccine induced antibodies that neutralized MN (in 46 of 48 volunteers), SF-2 (in 45 of 48 volunteers), or IIIB strains of HIV-1 (in 30 of 48 volunteers). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —The vaccines were safe and immunogenic. Multiple injections of vaccine broadened and increased the neutralizing antibody response. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:475-480)
The reliable clinical examination
Authors: M. Newnham, N. Mustfa
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Altered iron levels and/or dysregulated iron homeostasis have been associated with a number of lung diseases, however, the mechanisms that underpin these associations, and whether iron plays a role in the pathogenesis of disease, are yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, systemic and pulmonary iron and lung structure and function were assessed in transferrin receptor (TFR)2 mutant and wild-type (WT) BALB/c mice fed a high-iron diet (containing 2% carbonyl iron) compared to normal diet controls, respectively. The effects of increased iron loading on murine models of ovalbumin- and house dust mite-induced allergic airways disease (AAD) were also assessed. Excess iron accumulation was observed in the lungs in both the genetic and diet-induced models of iron overloading<b>.</b> Increased iron levels in the lung were associated with emphysema-like alveolar enlargement, small airways collagen deposition, alterations in baseline lung function and increased airways hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Increased iron loading also resulted in altered type 1, 2 and 17 cytokine production, increased eosinophilic inflammation and severe, steroid-resistant AHR in AAD. Interestingly, AAD also results in altered systemic and pulmonary iron levels and iron regulatory molecule expression. These data show that increased iron levels in the lung results in emphysema and airways fibrosis that corresponds with reduced lung function. We also show that lung disease may be closely associated with changes in iron homeostasis. These models will be used to characterize the interplay between iron and immunity in the pathogenesis of lung disease and determine the therapeutic effectiveness of correcting dysregulated iron homeostasis for the treatment of lung disease.