tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis Control Strategies: The Cost of Particulate Respirators
Authors: Mary D. Nettleman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To assess the cost of the mandatory use of high-efficiency particulate respirators to treat patients with known or suspected tuberculosis. Design: A questionnaire was used to determine the number of high-efficiency particulate respirators required and the number of cases of tuberculosis in employees that could potentially be prevented. Indirect costs included the training and fitness testing of employees. The clinical efficacy of respirators is not known. To provide a best-case scenario, it was assumed that the respirators could prevent as many as 25% of tuberculosis cases in health care workers. Setting: 159 acute care facilities administered by the Department of Veterans Affairs. Participants: Quality improvement, infection control, and employee health specialists. Measurements: Cost of the respirators compared with their maximum predicted efficacy. Results: The use of the respirators would cost $7 million per case of tuberculosis prevented and $100 million per life saved. Conclusions: High-efficiency particulate respirators are a costly means of trying to prevent tuberculosis. Costs could be reduced by reusing masks or by restricting the number of health care workers allowed to have contact with potentially infectious patients. As the health care budget undergoes further restrictions, specific means of accommodating the cost of new regulations must be found.
Serum samples in clinical study were manipulated
Authors: R Szibor, W Kuchheuser, C Luley, D Krause
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Smith has announced that a Committee on Publication Ethics had been formed as a response to the increase in misconduct in research, as, for example, in the case reported by Dyer in the same issue. 1 2 Pharmaceutical companies should be anxious to detect and disclose any cases of research fraud because they may affect the credibility of the companies' clinical drug studies. We present here an example to show that methods are available for this purpose. A pharmaceutical manufacturer asked us to …
DDW Report 2004 New Orleans: Capsule Endoscopy
Authors: T. Rösch
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Capsule endoscopy (CE) is still of considerable interest and, as in recent years, a large number of abstracts have been devoted to CE in various possible indications. As with the other reports, only the most relevant studies and those covering special and new aspects are discussed in detail here. The remaining abstracts feature in the tables and in the reference list. Push enteroscopy (PE) is still the method of choice with which CE has to be compared, but double-balloon enteroscopy is emerging as another interesting alternative or complementary method.
Pulmonary Hypertension from Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Authors: STUART RICH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Pulmonary hypertension may develop whenever chronic obstruction of pulmonary arterial blood flow occurs. Although repeated pulmonary embolism is thought to be the usual underlying cause, there is little clinical evidence to support this theory. Studies of the pulmonary vascular endothelium have shown that perturbations of the normal endothelium can create a procoagulant environment, which could lead to the development of thrombosis in situ at the level of the large or smaller pulmonary vessels. Some patients develop proximal pulmonary thromboemboli, which may be the result of retrograde propagation of thrombus after an initial pulmonary embolus. Others present with unexplained pulmonary hypertension secondary to thrombotic occlusion of the pulmonary microvasculature. A perfusion lung scan will show abnormalities that should lead to correct clinical diagnosis and confirmatory evaluation. Thromboendarterectomy in selected cases provides dramatic clinical improvement in patients with proximal thromboemboli. Vasodilators may be effective in some patients with obstruction at the arteriolar level. Both groups should be treated with chronic warfarin anticoagulant therapy to protect against progression of thromboembolism.
First-Trimester Determination of Complications of Late Pregnancy
Authors: Gordon C. S. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The expression of podocyte-specific proteins in parietal epithelial cells is regulated by protein degradation
Authors: Sebastian S.O. Guhr, Marlies Sachs, Anne Wegner, Jan U. Becker, Tobias N. Meyer, Leonie Kietzmann, Saskia Schlossarek, Lucie Carrier, Melanie Braig, Parmjit S. Jat, Rolf A.K. Stahl, Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Examination of Visual Fields
Authors: Jan S. C. Czarnecki
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr King (235:908, 1976) quite correctly pointed out the importance of performing careful examination of visual fields by confrontation, as part of the ordinary neurologic and ophthalmic examination. This is a simple diagnostic technique requiring no special equipment. It has often been poorly taught. Finger wiggling in the far periphery, which is still taught in most medical schools, is the crudest of tests and will pick up only absolute field defects. When done carefully, the confrontation technique is as sensitive a way of getting basic information about the visual fields as formal perimetry with a tangent screen or a Goldmann perimeter—and it is a lot quicker and cheaper. It is useful to think of the confrontation test as consisting of three steps. The patient, with one eye well patched, is seated comfortably, facing the examiner, and is asked to fixate on the examiner's nose. The examiner watches
Autopsy Protocols — Confidentiality and Admissibility
Authors: Neil L. Chayet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

SINCE the publication of an earlier column entitled "Clinical Information and Records—Public or Confidential?" the Institute has received several inquiries regarding the admissibility into evidence and the confidentiality of the autopsy protocol.It is important to differentiate the autopsy protocol from the death certificate, which must be filed in every case of death and is a public record. The death certificate presents no problem of confidentiality and is admissible in court as prima facie evidence of the facts recorded. The Massachusetts statute that permits the admissibility of the death certificate states that anything on the death certificate pertaining to the . . .
Mitochondrial Versus Nuclear Gene Sequences in Deep-Level Mammalian Phylogeny Reconstruction
Authors: Mark S. Springer, Ronald W. DeBry, Christophe Douady, Heather M. Amrine, Ole Madsen, Wilfried W. de Jong, Michael J. Stanhope
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

Both mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences have been employed in efforts to reconstruct deep-level phylogenetic relationships. A fundamental question in molecular systematics concerns the efficacy of different types of sequences in recovering clades at different taxonomic levels. We compared the performance of four mitochondrial data sets (cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase II, NADH dehydrogenase subunit I, 12S rRNA-tRNA-16S rRNA) and eight nuclear data sets (exonic regions of alpha-2B adrenergic receptor, aquaporin, ss-casein, gamma-fibrinogen, interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein, kappa-casein, protamine, von Willebrand Factor) in recovering deep-level mammalian clades. We employed parsimony and minimum-evolution with a variety of distance corrections for superimposed substitutions. In 32 different pairwise comparisons between these mitochondrial and nuclear data sets, we used the maximum set of overlapping taxa. In each case, the variable-length bootstrap was used to resample at the size of the smaller data set. The nuclear exons consistently performed better than mitochondrial protein and rRNA-tRNA coding genes on a per-residue basis in recovering benchmark clades. We also concatenated nuclear genes for overlapping taxa and made comparisons with concatenated mitochondrial protein-coding genes from complete mitochondrial genomes. The variable-length bootstrap was used to score the recovery of benchmark clades as a function of the number of resampled base pairs. In every case, the nuclear concatenations were more efficient than the mitochondrial concatenations in recovering benchmark clades. Among genes included in our study, the nuclear genes were much less affected by superimposed substitutions. Nuclear genes having appropriate rates of substitution should receive strong consideration in efforts to reconstruct deep-level phylogenetic relationships.
Gene therapy/bone marrow transplantation in ADA-deficient mice: roles of enzyme-replacement therapy and cytoreduction
Authors: Denise A. Carbonaro, Xiangyang Jin, Xingchao Wang, Xiao-Jin Yu, Nora Rozengurt, Michael L. Kaufman, Xiaoyan Wang, David Gjertson, Yang Zhou, Michael R. Blackburn, Donald B. Kohn
Journal: Blood (2012)
Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Children's Animated Films: Pecos Bill Kicks the Habit
Authors: Laura M. Kosseim
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mutations in the Gene for Cardiac Myosin-Binding Protein C and Late-Onset Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hideshi Niimura, Linda L. Bachinski, Somkiat Sangwatanaroj, Hugh Watkins, Albert E. Chudley, William McKenna, Arni Kristinsson, Robert Roberts, Michael Sole, Barry J. Maron, J.G. Seidman, Christine E. Seidman, Ludwig Thierfelder, John A. Jarcho, Aris Anastasakis, Pavlos Toutouzas, Eleanor Elstein, Choong-Chin Liew, Jack Liew, John Mably, Harry Rakowski, E. Douglas Wigle, Minshun Zhao, Rosemarie Salerni, Halldora Bjornsdottir
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Mutations in the gene for cardiac myosin-binding protein C account for approximately 15 percent of cases of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The spectrum of disease-causing mutations and the associated clinical features of these gene defects are unknown.
Drug and Social Therapy in Chronic Schizophrenia
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This slim, multiauthored volume reports the results of a study, conducted over six years, on the effects of tranquilizing drugs and social environment on chronic schizophrenic patients. The study included 115 individuals, half of whom remained at their parent state hospitals, where they had been institutionalized for five to ten years, while the remainder went to the Massachusetts Mental Health Center. Half of each group, in turn, received tranquilizers. After six months there was significantly greater improvement in patients who received tranquilizers, irrespective of the hospital setting. After 18 months, however, results were definitely superior in those who had been transferred originally to the "active treatment" center. One of the major conclusions of the study is that chronic schizophrenic patients do have some potential for improvement. This potential is enhanced by the administration of drugs. Of course, one of the key factors here is the definition of chronic schizophrenia. The
Abstract 3800: HES6 gene is a strong glioma biomarker and a key transcriptional regulator needed for cancer cell growth
Authors: Saija M. Haapa-Paananen, Santeri Kiviluoto, Marika Waltari, Marjut Puputti, John-Patrick Mpindi, Pekka Kohonen, Olli Tynninen, Hannu Haapasalo, Heikki Joensuu, Merja Perälä, Olli Kallioniemi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Malignant glioma is the most common brain tumor with 16,000 individuals diagnosed annually in the United States. We performed a systematic large-scale transcriptomics data mining study of 9,783 Affymetrix samples from the GeneSapiens database (www.genesapiens.org) to systematically identify genes that are most glioma-specific. We searched for genes that were highly expressed in 322 glioblastoma multiforme tissue samples and 66 anaplastic astrocytomas as compared to 425 samples from histologically normal central nervous system. Transcription cofactor HES6 (Hairy and Enhancer of Split 6) emerged as one of the most glioma-specific genes. Immunostaining of a tissue microarray showed HES6 expression in 335 (98.8%) out of the 339 glioma samples. HES6 was also expressed in endothelial cells in normal and glioma tissues. Recurrent grade 2 astrocytomas and grade 2-3 oligodendrogliomas showed higher levels of HES6 immunoreactivity than the corresponding primary tumors. Functional studies implied a critical role for HES6 in supporting survival of glioma cells, as evidenced by reduction of cancer cell proliferation and induction of Caspase 3/7 activity after HES6 silencing in A172 and LN405 cells. The biological role and consequences of HES6 silencing and overexpression was explored with genome-wide analyses, which implicated a role for HES6 in p53, c-myc, and NF-κB transcriptional networks. We conclude that HES6 has a critical role in sustaining glioma cell growth, survival, migration and possibly angiogenesis. HES6 is a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for glioma. This work was supported by funding under the 6th FP of the European Union, Project RIGHT (LSHB-CT-2004-005276), and the Academy of Finland. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3800. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3800
Malignant cells fuel tumor growth by educating infiltrating leukocytes to produce the mitogen Gas6
Authors: Sonja Loges, Thomas Schmidt, Marc Tjwa, Katie van Geyte, Dirk Lievens, Esther Lutgens, Davy Vanhoutte, Delphine Borgel, Stephane Plaisance, Marc Hoylaerts, Aernout Luttun, Mieke Dewerchin, Bart Jonckx, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Blood (2009)
Newer Synthetic Analgesic Drugs
Authors: P. W. Nathan
Journal: BMJ (1952)

is diagnostic, but often is complete only in the terminal stages of the illness, and any component may be absent.The disease should be considered in the diagnosis of all cases which *present the association of haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenic purpura; biopsy may be of value.Examination of the tissues shows a unique histo- logical picture of widely disseminated thrombosis of the smallest-calibre blood vessels, with endothelial hyper- plasia, conspicuous dilatation of many of the affected vessels, and no inflammatory reaction.The disease has been fatal in every case which has been reported.Treatment with A.C.T.H. or cortisone deserves trial, and splenectomy should be considered.Two new cases are reported.I wish to thank the many colleagues who have been patientwith my interest in this disease, particularly Dr. D. F. Barrowcliff for his help in reviewing the literature, and Dr. D. R.
Bleomycin, an Antitumor Antibiotic
Authors: ALAN YAGODA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Bleomycin, a mixture of antibiotic polypeptides, was evaluated for therapeutic activity and clinical toxicology in 274 patients with far-advanced, nonresectable neoplastic disease. Therapeutic effect was most marked in advanced Hodgkin's disease, in which 50% of patients had significant objective and subjective improvement, in some cases for periods now approaching 2 years. Scattered responses of brief duration were seen in other neoplastic diseases. The clinical toxicity of bleomycin appears to be unique among antitumor agents; it produces no important effects on the blood-forming organs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, or central nervous system. Pulmonary functional impairment, however, is common; irreversible pulmonary fibrosis, although rare, is a serious, sometimes lethal, manifestation of bleomycin toxicity that may limit its use in early neoplastic disease.
Hodgkin's Disease — Environmental or Genetic?
Authors: Volker Diehl, Hans Tesch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Hodgkin's disease has been thought by some to be an infectious or inflammatory disease, but the Reed–Sternberg cells characteristic of the disorder are monoclonal and aneuploid and can form tumors in immunocompromised animals — characteristics of a malignant disorder.In industrialized countries Hodgkin's disease has a bimodal age distribution; the first peak occurs between the ages of 15 and 35 years, and the second around the age of 50 years.1 The distinctive epidemiologic characteristics of the two peaks suggest the existence of two diseases. Recent data demonstrate that the age-based incidence curves vary according to the histologic subtype: the nodular . . .
Regulated Cl transport, K and Cl permeability, and exocytosis in T84 cells.
Authors: M E Huflejt, R A Blum, S G Miller, H P Moore, T E Machen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

We measured stimulant-induced changes of exocytosis that are associated with increases in Cl secretion (i.e., short circuit current, ISC, in microA/cm2) and apical (ap) Cl permeability (PCl) and basolateral (bl) K permeability (PK) (both in cm/s) in T84 monolayers. PCl and PK were measured by permeabilizing the bl or ap membrane with nystatin. PCl was also measured with a fluorescent dye 6-methoxy-N-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium (SPQ). A noninvasive and sensitive method (release of 35SO4-labeled glycosaminoglycan [GAG], a fluid-phase marker of Golgi-derived vesicles) was used to measure exocytosis at both ap and bl membranes. At rest, ISC = 3.6, PK = 0.8 x 10(-6), PCl = 2.1 x 10(-6) with SPQ and 2.4 x 10(-6) electrically, and there was constitutive GAG secretion (i.e., exocytosis) to both ap and bl sides (bl > 2 x ap). Carbachol (C) increased: ISC (delta = 18.6), PK (6.5x), PCl (1.8-2.9x), and exocytosis to both ap (2.2-3.5x) and bl (2.0-3.0x) membranes. Forskolin (F) increased ISC (delta = 29), PCl (5.5-11x) and ap exocytosis (1.5-2x), but had no effect on PK or bl exocytosis. Synergistic effects on ISC occurred when C was added to F-treated cells but not vice versa, even though the characteristic effects of F+C on PCl, PK, and/or GAG secretion were identical to those exhibited when stimulants were added individually. Cl secretion results from coordinated activation of channels at ap and bl membranes, and exocytosis may play a role in these events.
Biological in vitro and in vivo responses of chrysotile versus amphiboles.
Authors: J Bignon, M C Jaurand
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Although all commercial forms of asbestos have been demonstrated to be carcinogenic in animals, so far epidemiological data are controversial concerning what asbestos types are the most carcinogenic and fibrogenic in humans. In order to understand the early cellular events induced by fibrous particles, different in vitro studies (hemolysis, release of enzymes by macrophages, assays on cell culture systems) have been carried out in several laboratories; most of these studies have shown that cell and subcellular in vitro responses were different depending on fiber types: chrysotile versus amphiboles. This presentation compares the results of different laboratories with our data obtained by using a model which modifies the chemistry of the fibers by acid treatment. The acid-leached chrysotile and acid-treated amphibole fibers showed different biological responses in several in vitro systems used in comparison to unleached fibers. These differences in the in vitro reactivity were related to the chemical state of the fibers and might explain the differences in their effects in animals after intrapleural injection as assessed by the percentage of mesothelioma, the latency period, the survival time and the degree of pleural fibrosis. The carcinogenic effect of the fibers is discussed in relation of their in vitro inflammatory or cytotoxic responses.
ALK Status Testing in Non–Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma by FISH on ThinPrep Slides with Cytology Material
Authors: Eugen C. Minca, Christopher P. Lanigan, Jordan P. Reynolds, Zhen Wang, Patrick C. Ma, Joseph Cicenia, Francisco A. Almeida, Nathan A. Pennell, Raymond R. Tubbs
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Surgery for ventricular tachycardia: efficacy of left ventricular aneurysm resection compared with operation guided by electrical activation mapping.
Authors: J W Mason, E B Stinson, R A Winkle, J C Griffin, P E Oyer, D L Ross, G Derby
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Sixty-five patients underwent surgery for recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The 32 patients in group 1 underwent simple left ventricular aneurysm resection. The 33 patients in group 2 underwent myocardial resection or incision guided by intraoperative mapping of the electrical activation sequence. The clinical, hemodynamic and angiographic characteristics of the two groups were similar. Although actuarial survival in the two groups was similar through 24 months, late attrition in group 1 patients has left only 21 +/- 13% (+/- SEM) alive by life-table analysis at 94 months. Arrhythmia recurrence has been greater in group 1 than in group 2. In group 1, 50 +/- 9% of patients at risk at 3 months had recurrences by actuarial analysis. In group 2, only 13 +/- 6% at 1 month, 17 +/- 7% at 3 months and 29 +/- 9% at 24 months relapsed. Death was caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmias in 12 of the 17 patients (71%) who died in group 1, but only three of 12 (25%) who died in group 2. We conclude that surgery of the left ventricle, guided and modified by intraoperative mapping of the electrical activation sequence, frequently eliminates ventricular tachyarrhythmias and may be more effective than blind resection of left ventricular aneurysm.