tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pluripotency of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Chunjing Feng, Yun-Dan Jia, Xiao-Yang Zhao
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2013)

Abstract Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated by forced expression of four pluripotency factors in somatic cells. This has received much attention in recent years since it may offer us a promising donor cell source for cell transplantation therapy. There has been great progress in iPS cell research in the past few years. However, several issues need to be further addressed in the near future before the clinical application of iPS cells, like the immunogenicity of iPS cells, the variability of differentiation potential and most importantly tumor formation of the iPS derivative cells. Here, we review recent progress in research into the pluripotency of iPS cells.
Nocturnal cortisol secretion in healthy adults before and after inhalation of budesonide.
Authors: W H Nikolaizik, J L Marchant, M A Preece, J O Warner
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We have previously demonstrated dose-dependent nocturnal cortisol suppression by inhaled beclomethasone and budesonide in asthmatic children. This has now been confirmed in a controlled study. Eighteen healthy adults inhaled either a single evening dose of 400 micrograms budesonide or placebo or 400 micrograms budesonide twice daily for 2 wk. Overnight blood samplings for cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone were taken at the beginning of the trial, at the end of the treatment period, and after stopping the medications. Compared with placebo, the nocturnal cortisol production was significantly reduced by 40% after a single dose of budesonide (p = 0.020) and by 37% after 2 wk of budesonide (p = 0.045). These data indicate that there is a single-dose rather than a cumulative suppressive effect of inhaled corticosteroids using the specific dose and regimen studied in this protocol. The effect is not related to the underlying problem, namely asthma. The clinical relevance of these findings can only be elucidated in long-term follow-up studies. We believe that our findings explain the recent identification of abnormalities in bone turnover on inhaled corticosteroids in the absence of other systemic effects. The findings emphasize the need for a cautious step-wise approach to asthma therapy.
A genome-wide perspective of genetic variation in human metabolism
Authors: Thomas Illig, Christian Gieger, Guangju Zhai, Werner Römisch-Margl, Rui Wang-Sattler, Cornelia Prehn, Elisabeth Altmaier, Gabi Kastenmüller, Bernet S Kato, Hans-Werner Mewes, Thomas Meitinger, Martin Hrabé de Angelis, Florian Kronenberg, Nicole Soranzo, H-Erich Wichmann, Tim D Spector, Jerzy Adamski, Karsten Suhre
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
ABC of clinical electrocardiography: Paediatric electrocardiography
Authors: S. Goodacre
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The ABC of clinical electrocardiography is edited by Francis Morris, consultant in emergency medicine at the Northern General Hospital, Sheffield; June Edhouse, consultant in emergency medicine, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport; William J Brady, associate professor, programme director, and vice chair, department of emergency medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; and John Camm, professor of clinical cardiology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London. The series will be published as a book in the summer.



Steve Goodacre is health services research fellow in the accident and emergency department at the Northern General Hospital, Sheffield; and Karen McLeod is consultant paediatric cardiologist at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow.
Eligibility of non-residents for NHS treatment: Children of asylum seekers are special case
Authors: Anne Noglik, Zahabiyah Bassi, Sian Snelling
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—We share the concerns expressed by Williams about the eligibility of failed asylum seekers to full NHS treatment.1 In 2002, only 10% of 25 000 children who applied for asylum in the United Kingdom were granted the right to stay.2 In our experience, these children often have unmet medical …
Bacterial Detection In The Fall Is Associated With Increased Viral Respiratory Infections
Authors: K.M. Kloepfer, R.F. Vrtis, T.E. Pappas, T. Kang, W. Lee, M.D. Evans, R.E. Gangnon, R.F. Lemanske, J.E. Gern
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
A putative RUNX1 binding site variant between SLC9A3R1 and NAT9 is associated with susceptibility to psoriasis
Authors: Cynthia Helms, Li Cao, James G Krueger, Ellen M Wijsman, Francesca Chamian, Derek Gordon, Michael Heffernan, Jil A Wright Daw, Jason Robarge, Jurg Ott, Pui-Yan Kwok, Alan Menter, Anne M Bowcock
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Protease-activated receptors and EDHF: the icing on the cake?
Authors: T Traupe
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

The regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell tone by the vascular endothelium was initially described by Furchgott and Zawadzki, suggesting the existence of an endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) acting through cGMP, which was later identified as nitric oxide (NO) (see reference [1] for review).Since then, other actions of NO such as control of cell growth, blood cell -endothelial cell interactions, immunomodulatory functions, and antiaggregatory effects have been described [2].In addition to NO and cyclooxygenase products, a third endotheliumderived principle, namely hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle cells in response to an endotheliumderived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), has been identified [3].Production and bioactivity of endothelial factors are disturbed in cardiovascular diseases, and endotheliumdependent dilator mechanisms are counteracted by vasoconstrictory prostanoids that contribute to abnormal vascular function [4].In this issue of Cardiovascular Research, Kawabata et al. report that activating peptides of the protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), namely trypsin and SLIGRL, cause endothelium-dependent relaxation by activating NO and EDHF pathways in rat mesenteric arteries in vitro.The authors show that gap junctions, but not epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, hydrogen peroxide, or K + are involved in the release of EDHF in response to activation of PAR2.Moreover, vascular contractions due to an activating peptide of the protease-activated receptor 1 (TFLLR) were observed after inhibition of EDHF and NO or after endothelium removal.
Infertile woman, aged 24, accuses trust of age discrimination after being refused IVF
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A 24 year old nursery nurse who was left infertile by a ruptured appendix when she was a child is accusing her local primary care trust of age discrimination in refusing her in vitro fertilisation treatment on the NHS.

Andrea Heywood and her 25 year old husband, Aaron, have been turned down for treatment on the NHS because under the funding guidelines of the primary care trust NHS Portsmouth IVF is available only to women aged 30 to 34.

Her solicitor, Louisa Ghevaert of the law firm Porter Dodson, …
Routinely administered questionnaires for depression and anxiety: systematic review
Authors: S M Gilbody, A O House, T A Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To examine the effect of routinely administered psychiatric questionnaires on the recognition, management, and outcome of psychiatric disorders in non-psychiatric settings. <b>Data sources:</b> Embase, Medline, PsycLIT, Cinahl, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and hand searches of key journals. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic review of randomised controlled trials of the administration and routine feedback of psychiatric screening and outcome questionnaires to clinicians in non-psychiatric settings. Narrative overview of key design features and end points, together with a random effects quantitative synthesis of comparable studies. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Recognition of psychiatric disorders after feedback of questionnaire results; interventions for psychiatric disorders; and outcome of psychiatric disorders. <b>Results:</b> Nine randomised studies were identified that examined the use of common psychiatric instruments in primary care and general hospital settings. Studies compared the effect of the administration of these instruments followed by the feedback of the results to clinicians, with administration with no feedback. Meta-analytic pooling was possible for four of these studies (2457 participants), which measured the effect of feedback on the recognition of depressive disorders. Routine administration and feedback of scores for all patients (irrespective of score) did not increase the overall rate of recognition of mental disorders such as anxiety and depression (relative risk of detection of depression by clinician after feedback 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.83 to 1.09). Two studies showed that routine administration followed by selective feedback for only high scorers increased the rate of recognition of depression (relative risk of detection of depression after feedback 2.64, 1.62 to 4.31). This increased recognition, however, did not translate into an increased rate of intervention. Overall, studies of routine administration of psychiatric measures did not show an effect on patient outcome. <b>Conclusions:</b> The routine measurement of outcome is a costly exercise. Little evidence shows that it is of benefit in improving psychosocial outcomes of those with psychiatric disorder managed in non-psychiatric settings.
Putting the Vascular Back Into Cardiovascular Research
Authors: Sreekanth Vemulapalli, Lesley H. Curtis
Journal: Circulation (2013)

A cute limb ischemia is a vascular emergency of the lower extremities characterized by an abrupt loss of limb perfusion that threatens tissue viability and usually presents within 14 days of symptom onset. 1,2More than 200 000 patients in the United States were affected by acute limb ischemia in 2000; >1 in 8 underwent in-hospital amputation; and in-hospital mortality approached 10%. 3,4 Article see p 115Despite the clinical burden of acute limb ischemia, its epidemiological characterization is limited.This deficit is especially striking compared with our understanding of the epidemiology of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a vascular emergency of the coronary arteries.Although important differences in the pathogenesis and epidemiology of these diseases exist, the overlap is notable.STEMI and acute limb ischemia of atherothrombotic origin share vascular risk factors, and acute MI is a risk factor for embolic acute limb ischemia.Additionally, both STEMI and acute limb ischemia require time-critical treatment, and both account for significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Approximately 500 000 STEMIs occurred in the United States in 2001 5 compared with acute limb ischemia in 213 000 patients. 4Inpatient costs associated with STEMI and acute limb ischemia also are similar, ranging from $14 304 to $23 678 6 per hospitalization for STEMI and $6000 to $45 000 7,8 per hospitalization for acute limb ischemia.Despite these similarities, our understanding of the epidemiology of acute limb ischemia and the impact of evolving systems of care and new interventional techniques on outcomes lags far behind those of STEMI.Why the lack of attention to an emergent clinical event associated with significant morbidity and mortality?First, vascular disease, both acute and chronic forms, has traditionally suffered from a lack of recognition by providers and patients. 9,10Second, the large, comprehensive cardiovascular registries that have made detailed clinical and epidemiological characterization of STEMI possible do not exist for acute lower-extremity arterial disease.Third, administrative claims
Athletes: The Paintings of Joe Wilder
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Joseph R. Wilder, MD, describes himself as "an athlete, a surgeon, and a painter." He is wrong. Indeed, he is all three, but he also is a writer, a photographer, and an editor. This book, a brilliant showcase of Wilder's skills with virtually all media available to an artist, also includes his personal account of the rise of a son of immigrant parents from the streets of east Baltimore to the New York surgical suite, of the debt that he acknowledges to athletics, and of the additional and stunningly successful career in art that began with his fifth decade. The book also reveals Wilder's considerable skill as a photographer, especially when it comes to framing and freezing sports action at dramatic moments that—after much study—he recaptures on canvas. And, as if all this were not enough, he shows himself to be a talented editor, too, working
Diverticular bile duct lesion in chronic active hepatitis
Authors: Mogens Vyberg
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

Liver needle biopsies from patients with non-A, non-B chronic active hepatitis and so-called abnormal bile duct epithelium were studied with a three-dimensional method. Photographs of bile duct structures in serial sections were transferred to acrylic plates. Five bile duct lesions of a not previously described diverticular type were revealed. The diverticuli were of varying shape with a diameter of 30 to 110 microns and a length of 75 to 150 microns budding from small (12 to 25 microns), slightly ectatic bile ducts. The diverticular epithelium was disordered. Some cells appeared as bile duct cells, but most were larger, with rounded nuclei, prominent nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, sometimes with periodic acid-Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant granules. The lesions were only partly surrounded by a basement membrane. They were all embedded in a tight mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate associated with pronounced periportal piecemeal necrosis. In two cases, a germinal center was adjacent to the epithelium. The pathogenesis of the diverticular bile duct lesion is unknown, but the diverticuli probably represent Hering ducts and groups of periportal liver cells which have escaped the piecemeal necrosis.
The Pulmonary Vasculature in Complete Transposition of the Great Vessels, Judged from Lung Biopsies
Authors: C. A. WAGENVOORT, J. NAUTA, P. J. VAN DER SCHAAR, H. W. H. WEEDA, NOEKE WAGENVOORT
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Specimens of the lung taken for biopsy at operation on 80 patients with complete transposition of the great vessels were histologically studied in correlation with the clinical and hemodynamic data in these cases. In a group of 31 cases of intact ventricular septum and patent foramen ovale, the media of the pulmonary arteries was generally thinner than normal, and to a lesser extent that of the pulmonary veins was also, while the lumina of the vessels were wide. This was especially observed in cases in which the hematocrit was high. Possibly, this phenomenon is based on dilatation of the arteries and is related to the increased total blood volume. Intimal fibrosis, when observed, was suggestive of organized thrombi. In a group of 28 patients with ventricular septal defect and equal pressures in the left and right ventricles, there was generally marked medial hypertrophy and concentric intimal proliferation in the pulmonary arteries. In cases of pulmonic stenosis, on the other hand, the media of the pulmonary arteries was usually atrophic, while intimal fibrosis on the basis of thrombotic lesions was regularly present.
THE USE OF ACETANILID IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY,WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS SURGICAL APPLICATIONS, INCLUDING ILLUSTRATIONS OF ITS USE IN MINOR SURGERY, AND ITS ACTION IN TWO IMPORTANT CASES INVOLVING OTHER IMPORTANT FEATURES. Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy, at the Forty fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: G. W. WOODS
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Acetanilid is a synthetical compound produced by the inter-action of anilin with glacial acetic acid at a high temperature, the distillate being collected at 295 per cent, and re-crystallized from boiling water. It appears in shining crystalline plates, in powder colorless and odorless having a greasy feel, is neutral to test paper, and has a feeble acrid taste. It is soluble in 31 parts of alcohol, in ether and chloroform, and its alcoholic solution permits of large dilution with water without precipitation. It melts at 113 Cent., forming a clear liquid, and is decomposed by acids and alkalies. Exposure to moisture and mixture with water does not affect its integrity. An easy test for acetanilid is heating it with liquor potassæ and a few drops of chloroform, when a distinctive odor is developed partaking of the nature of phenyl and ethyl compounds, said to be phenylisonitrile. Another is the boiling
Teaching Psychiatry in Medical School
Authors: John Romano
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<b>Psychiatry and Medical Education II,</b>edited by L. W. Earley et al (conference, Atlanta, 1967), 200 pp, np, Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1969. The first of these companion volumes contains the "working papers" of the 1967 conference on psychiatry and medical education. The second tries to summarize the reports presented and the discussion which took place at the conference. This conference, like several others in the past, was a "working conference." A representative but limited number of experts participated and about one year and a half was allowed for preparatory work. The subject was divided into eight broad areas, each of which was assigned to a preparatory commission. Each of these, in turn, assigned subtopics to members of subcommittees, who formulated working papers on the subtopics. The preparatory papers and the summaries were distributed to all members of the conference a month before the meeting. Thus, the first volume
Transfusion in Preoperative and Post Operative Conditions With Anemia
Authors: D. D. STOFER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 December 1927Transfusion in Preoperative and Post Operative Conditions With AnemiaD. D. STOFER, A.B., M.D., F.A.C.P.D. D. STOFER, A.B., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-6-422 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptImproved methods of Blood Transfusion within the past 10 or 15 years accompanied by a more thorough knowledge of blood grouping and cross-agglutination tests have made the transfusion of blood a considerably safer procedure than it was previously. Former hazards, such as sudden death and reactions of various types including chills, nausea and vomiting, high fever, etc., have been reduced to a minimum so that fear of these does not contraindicate the procedure in any way. The first transfusion upon a human being appears to have been done in France by Jean Denys of Montpelier, physician to Louis XIV on... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: D. D. STOFER, A.B., M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Kansas City, Missouri PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1927Volume 1, Issue 6Page: 422-428KeywordsAnemiaBlood transfusionFearFeversHematologic testsNauseaVomiting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1927 PDF downloadLoading ...
Right ventricular hypertrophy in a group of coalworkers.
Authors: J M Fernie, A N Douglas, D Lamb, V A Ruckley
Journal: Thorax (1983)

The prevalence of right ventricular hypertrophy was studied in necropsy material from 215 coalworkers, a group which consisted of 115 men with simple or no pneumoconiosis and 100 with progressive massive fibrosis. Right ventricular hypertrophy was considered to be present if the ratio of the weight of the left ventricle plus septum to that of the right ventricle was less than 2:1. The prevalence of right ventricular hypertrophy was low (15%) in the absence of progressive massive fibrosis and appeared to be related to emphysema or airways disease or both, and not to simple pneumoconiosis. It was evident only in subjects who had smoked. In subjects with progressive massive fibrosis the prevalence of right ventricular hypertrophy was higher (34%) and it was occasionally seen in non-smokers. The prevalence increased with increasing size of lesion, and for any given size of lesion subjects with right ventricular hypertrophy had more panacinar emphysema than those without right ventricular hypertrophy. There was no relationship, however, between the extent of massive lesions or amount and type of emphysema and the degree of right ventricular hypertrophy.
On the relationship between the urea-soluble and citric acid-soluble proteins of bovine snout epidermis
Authors: CHRISTOPHER CARRUTHERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

This report presents evidence that the urea‐extractable proteins and the citric acid‐extractable protein (‘prekertin’) of bovine snout epidermis are related. Prekeratin was solubilized by trypsinization, S‐carboxymethylation, 6 mol/l urea or 0·05 mol/l NaOH. trypsinization or S‐carboxymethylation produced at least two species of soluble proteins. 6 mol/l urea at 37°C solubilized prekeratin, but a homogeneous product was not obtained. Depending upon the duration of exposure, prekeratin was cleaved by 0.05 mol/l NaOH at 25°C to form several soluble derivatives, whereas at comparable time intervals at 4°C both insoluble and soluble derivatives were produced. The various soluble proteins derived from prekeratin showed precipitin bands of identity with the urea‐extracted proteins of beef snout epidermis when reacted in agar with antisera raised against the urea‐extracted protein which precipitated at pH 6.3 and 5.5. It is suggested 6 mol/l urea and 0.05 mol/l NaOH may cleave prekeratin in situ to release the proteins extracted by urea and alkali respectively.
The PRELIMINARY COMMUNICATION 'Transcutaneous Temporary Pacing in the Operating Room'-Reply
Authors: Robert W. Peters
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We are grateful for Dr Falk's interest and careful review of our article, but we regret that he misunderstood (or chose to ignore) the major points. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous temporary pacing in patients undergoing elective surgical procedures under general anesthesia in the operating room. Our results were unequivocal. Complete (100%) ventricular capture was achieved in all 21 subjects, and no adverse effects were seen. In addition, we examined factors (eg, age and body surface area) that might have played a role in determining pacing threshold. Although we clearly state that these findings suggested trends that did not achieve statistical significance, Dr Falk objects to their inclusion in the article. We disagree. A major purpose of a preliminary communication is to bring issues to the attention of other investigators so that they may be examined in greater detail
Gum health product formulations: what is in them and why?
Authors: Geoffrey C. Forward, Anthony H. James, Paul Barnett, Robert J. Jackson
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (1997)

Two dominant factors dictate which ingredients are used in formulating toothpaste and mouthwashes. The major one is the type of active ingredient chosen, especially cationic active ingredients such as chlorhexidine; the other factor is the needs of the consumer. Apart from gum health benefits, the consumer expects to obtain from gum health toothpaste and mouthwashes other benefits of clean teeth (abrasive and detergent), fresh breath (antimicrobial agents and flavor) and protection from caries and possibly tartar. Exhaustive testing involving experimental design and validated laboratory and clinical tests is essential to ensure that all these benefits are delivered. Unless products are developed systematically, then products with relatively poor activity can find their way on to the market.