tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New technique measures depth, extent of cryotherapy
Authors: J. Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fallacy of the Five-Year Survival in Lung Cancer
Authors: Barbara J. McNeil, Ralph Weichselbaum, Stephen G. Pauker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Patients with lung cancer can be treated by either surgical extirpation or radiation. The former may offer increased five-year survival and prolonged life expectancies as compared to the latter, but subjects patients to the immediate risk of thoracotomy. We interviewed patients with "operable" lung cancer and found that they were quite averse to taking risks involving the possibility of immediate death. When these data about patients' attitudes were combined with data about survival after both radiation therapy and operation, it appeared that radiotherapy would be the preferred therapeutic plan for several of these patients. These results emphasize the importance of choosing therapies not only on the basis of objective measures of survival but also on the basis of patient attitudes.
Real rules are conscious
Authors: Axel Cleeremans, Arnaud Destrebecqz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

In general, we agree with Pothos's claim that similarity and rule knowledge are best viewed as situated on the extreme points of a single representational continuum. However, we contend that a distinction can be made between “rule-like” and “rule-based” knowledge: Rule-based, symbolic knowledge is necessarily conscious when it is applied. Awareness thus provides a useful criterion for distinguishing between sensitivity to functional similarity and knowledge of symbolic rules.
Evaluation of Antitumor Activity Using Change in Tumor Size of the Survivin Antisense Oligonucleotide LY2181308 in Combination with Docetaxel for Second-Line Treatment of Patients with Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized Open-Label Phase II Study
Authors: Ronald Natale, Fiona Blackhall, Dariusz Kowalski, Rodryg Ramlau, Gerold Bepler, Francesco Grossi, Christian Lerchenmüller, Mary Pinder-Schenck, Jörg Mezger, Sarah Danson, Shirish M. Gadgeel, Yvonne Summers, Sophie Callies, Valérie André, Mayukh Das, Michael Lahn, Denis Talbot
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
MicroRNA-122 might be a double-edged sword in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Rui Zhang, Lei Wang, Gui-Rong Yu, Xiang Zhang, Li-Bo Yao, An-Gang Yang
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Tsai et al.1 reported that they used a high-throughput microRNA array to screen microRNAs associated with metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). They demonstrated that microRNA-122, a liver-specific microRNA, plays an important role in the regulation of intrahepatic metastasis of HCC by posttranscriptional down-regulation of a disintegrin and metallopeptidase 17. As microRNA has been regarded as the negative regulator of gene expression in, for example, cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and invasion, microRNA-122–based therapeutics could be a promising strategy for clinical patients.1 However, this study has raised several confusing questions. First, Tsai et al.1 demonstrated that down-regulation of microRNA-122 is uniquely related to intrahepatic metastasis of HCC. However, a previous study demonstrated that microRNA-122 is down-regulated in both primary and metastatic HCC.2, 3 Here, the authors reported no obvious difference in microRNA-122 expression in normal adjacent tissues and T1 stage tumor tissues. This might be a contradictive result with respect to other published data. Second, because more than 85% of HCCs develop on account of infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV), chronic ethanol ingestion, or aflatoxin B1 exposure,4 besides providing the tumor-node-metastasis stage of the clinical patient, the authors should also list the aforementioned etiological parameters because HCV and HBV are important causes of HCC and the inhibition of virus replication is important to retard the process of carcinogenesis. Third, the most confusing question in this study arises from the authors' conclusion that a rational therapeutic strategy based on microRNA-122 may prove to be beneficial for patients with HCC. However, to the best of our knowledge, microRNA-122 also modulates HCV replication by binding to the 5′ noncoding region of HCV RNA, which is highly conserved in all six HCV genotypes. If microRNA-122 is ectopically expressed in patients with HCV infection to inhibit growth and metastasis of HCC, it can also stimulate the replication of HCV. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that HCV induces HCC by modulating the cytoskeleton, cell cycle, ubiquitin proteasome, and even immune response.5 Finally, we conclude that microRNA-122–based therapeutics might be a double-edged sword in the treatment of HCC. If such an approach is applied, the status of HCV infection in patients should be detected carefully. Rui Zhang* , Lei Wang* , Gui-Rong Yu* , Xiang Zhang* , Li-Bo Yao* , An-Gang Yang* , * State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
MID-LIFE ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE TREATMENT MAY NOT NORMALIZE LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS IN SPITE OF CONTROLLED BLOOD PRESSURE
Authors: Arjun K. Ghosh, Alun Hughes, Darrel Francis, Nishi Chaturvedi, Denis Pellerin, John Deanfield, Diana Kuh, Jamil Mayet, Rebecca Hardy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ApoE Promotes the Proteolytic Degradation of Aβ
Authors: Qingguang Jiang, C.Y. Daniel Lee, Shweta Mandrekar, Brandy Wilkinson, Paige Cramer, Noam Zelcer, Karen Mann, Bruce Lamb, Timothy M. Willson, Jon L. Collins, Jill C. Richardson, Jonathan D. Smith, Thomas A. Comery, David Riddell, David M. Holtzman, Peter Tontonoz, Gary E. Landreth
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Women's Health Action Plan Sees First Anniversary
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE FIRST anniversary of the<i>Action Plan for Women's Health</i>, the 1991 document that initiated federal recognition of the importance of women's health issues, has just occurred. To mark the occasion, James O. Mason, MD, DrPH, assistant secretary for health and head of the Public Health Service, shared with the Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues a draft of the first annual progress review. <h3>Available Shortly</h3> The review will be published and available later this year. In an interview, Agnes H. Donahue, DDS, director of the Public Health Service's Office on Women's Health, spoke about its contents. Donahue coordinates the efforts of seven Public Health Service agencies and five offices as they pursue the objectives they have identified in the action plan. Her job is to make sure that all the plans are being implemented expeditiously. The appearance of the action plan a year ago reflected the increasing concern expressed by
Diet, vitamin D and vertebral mineral density in hypercalciuric calcium stone formers
Authors: Pierre Bataille, Jean Michel Achard, Albert Fournier, Bernard Boudailliez, Pierre François Westeel, Najeh El Esper, Catherine Bergot, Ivo Jans, Jean Daniel Lalau, Jacques Petit, Ghyslaine Henon, Marie Anne Laval Jeantet, Roger Bouillon, Jean Luc Sebert
Journal: Kidney International (1991)
Do We Still Need Doctors?
Authors: Fredrick R. Abrams
Journal: JAMA (1997)

This thoughtful book is a literate and troubled search for the lost soul of doctoring. It feels as though the author could not restrain himself from spilling onto paper what he had observed as the paradoxes and contradictions, the triumphs and tragedies, of the practice of healing. Then, taking us on an evolutionary journey from the earliest practitioners through the current state of the healing art, he polishes and adorns his impressions with apt quotations from commentators, crossing centuries and interweaving disciplines. He explores what doctors did, what they do, and what they ought to do, noting the shift in emphasis, as medicine became more likely to cure, from the healer and the patient to the technology itself. With the doctor adding technical expertise, along with the pharmacist, nurse, and the nutritionist, does the doctor become simply one more instrument in the orchestra? Who will conduct? Who is responsible? Who
Referrals to a rheumatology unit: an evaluation of the views of patients, general practitioners, and consultants.
Authors: D.J Walker, I.D Griffiths, C.M Leon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

One hundred and twelve randomly selected patients referred to a rheumatology unit were studied, using structured questionnaires, to gain the views of patients, general practitioners (GPs), and the consultants. There were differences in perception between these respondents on the reason for referral. Major diagnostic changes were made in less than 10% of cases. Nearly all patients claimed that some aspect of their disease had been improved as a result of the appointment. Satisfaction with the communication aspects of the appointment contributed more to patients' overall satisfaction than did improvement in pain or disability. General practitioners' objectives were also met if communication with patients was satisfactory. In the management of chronic disease communication is important and should be recognised as such.
Rational prescribing Takes time
Authors: D Bandyopadhyay, H Boothby, D Murfin
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - The Audit Commission has highlighted the financial cost of what it terms overprescribing by general practitioners, and politicians have been prompt to condemn such practice.1 Although sensible prescribing is good practice and should be encouraged, this issue brings into relief some important aspects of general practitioners' activity. Limitations in resources available to general practitioners - particularly time - predict, to some extent, their choice of clinical management. Moreover, in the present political and social climate our expectation, even in primary care, is at an unprecedented level. The promise explicit in numerous political statements, including the patient's charter, has further widened the gap between expectation and likely fulfilment. …
Strategies for management of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: the “doubling of baseline CMV pp65 antigenemia” and the “cidofovir as rescue treatment” approaches
Authors: Elio Castagnola, Maurizio Miano, Giuseppe Morreale, Emilo Cristina, Maura Chierici, Edoardo Lanino
Journal: Blood (2001)
Reference Values Based on Hospital Admission Laboratory Data
Authors: Steven J. Harwood
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Laboratory values taken from more than 13,000 newly admitted patients to the University of Alabama Hospital were analyzed using a percentile ranking system, and histograms for 24 laboratory tests were prepared. The percentile system is a better way to express test results than the classic normal range. The ability to correlate a test result with a clinical problem rises proportional to the degree of deviation from the midrange. Minor deviations frequently are without explanation, even after intensive clinical investigation. Invariably, great deviations are explainable. If one limits the interpretation of results to three ranges—abnormally low, abnormally high, and normal—much of the value of laboratory test interpretation is lost. (<i>JAMA</i>240:270-274, 1978)
Chest Pain and the Esophagus
Authors: Philip O. Katz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 May 1997Chest Pain and the EsophagusPhilip O. Katz, MD, David A. Katzka, MD, and Donald O. Castell, MDPhilip O. Katz, MDThe Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19146Search for more papers by this author, David A. Katzka, MDThe Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19146Search for more papers by this author, and Donald O. Castell, MDThe Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19146Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-9-199705010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Frobert and colleagues [1] found no abnormalities in patients with angina-like chest pain and normal coronary angiograms and concluded that “the rationale for routine esophageal investigations in this patient group is questionable.” This observation flies in the face of evidence from throughout the world that an esophageal source of pain in these patients is common. Studies documenting a high prevalence of reflux (40% to 60%) in patients with unexplained angina-like pain have been reported over the past decade from four countries [2-5].What might explain this new, apparently aberrant, observation? Selection bias may have occurred among these ...References1. Frobert O, Funch-Jensen P, Bagger JP. Diagnostic value of esophageal studies in patients with angina-like chest pain and normal coronary angiograms. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:959-69. Google Scholar2. Vantrappen G, Janssens J, Ghilleberg G. The irritable oesophagus-a frequent cause of angina-like pain. Lancet. 1987; 1:1232-4. Google Scholar3. Hewson EG, Sinclair JW, Dalton CB, Richter JE. 24-hour pH monitoring. The most useful test for evaluating non-cardiac chest pain. Am J Med. 1991; 90:576-83. Google Scholar4. Lam H, Dekker W, Kan G, et al. Acute noncardiac chest pain in a coronary care unit. Gastroenterology. 1992; 102:453-60. Google Scholar5. Cherian P, Smith LF, Bardhan KD, Thorpe JA, Oakley GD, Dawson D. Esophageal tests in the evaluation of non-cardiac chest pain. Diseases of the Esophagus. 1995; 8:129-33. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Philip O. Katz, MD; David A. Katzka, MD; Donald O. Castell, MDAffiliations: The Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19146 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEsophageal Chest Pain 1 May 1997Volume 126, Issue 9Page: 740KeywordsAngiographyEsophagusGastroenterology and hepatologyIschemia ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 May 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Ionic basis of the action potential prolongation in ventricular myocytes from Syrian hamsters with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: D. Thuringer, E. Deroubaix, A. Coulombe, E. Coraboeuf,, J.-J. Mercadier
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

The aim of our study was to determine the main electrophysiological alterations associated with cardiac dilation in MS200 strain Syrian hamsters, a model of genetically determined cardiomyopathy. Ventricular action potentials (APs) were recorded with standard microelectrodes in isolated hearts from 120-day-old cardiomyopathic (strain MS200) and age-matched control (strain CHF148) Syrian hamsters. Ionic currents were recorded from single ventricular myocytes using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. In MS200, AP was prolonged and the plateau phase was markedly increased as compared to CHF148. Differences in both AP duration and 4-aminopyridine-induced AP lengthening between epicardial and endocardial tissues were less marked in MS200 than in CHF148 ventricles. Cell size and membrane capacitance were not higher in MS200 than in CHF148 myocytes, indicating the absence of cell hypertrophy in myopathic ventricles. The L-type calcium current (ICa,L) density was significantly reduced in MS200 and the voltage-dependence of both steady-state activation and inactivation was altered. The voltage-dependent outward current was composed of both transient (Ito1) and sustained (Iss) components, respectively sensitive and insensitive to 4-aminopyridine. Ito1 density was strongly depressed in MS200 compared to CHF148, whereas Iss density was only slightly reduced. The conductance-voltage and steady-state inactivation relationships for Ito1 were shifted to more positive potentials in MS200. The Ito1 recovery process was markedly slower in MS200 than in CHF148. The steady-state current-voltage relationships, in the physiological voltage range, were superimposable in MS200 and CHF148. In ventricular myocytes from dilated heart of MS200 Syrian hamsters, Ito1 is more drastically depressed than ICa,L. Such an observation might partially explain dilation-induced AP lengthening.
Recombinant Probiotic Bacillus Subtilis Spores with Surface Expression of Ara h2 Reduce Peanut-Induced Anaphylaxis in Mice
Authors: Zhenwen Zhou, Ying Song, Chaoyi Mao, Kamal D. Srivastava, Changda Liu, Nan Yang, Zhigang Liu, Xiu-Min Li
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Endoscopic Mucosectomy for Early Gastric Cancer using Modified Strip Biopsy
Authors: T. Fujimori, T. Nakamura, D. Hirayama, K. Satonaka, T. Ajiki, S. Kitazawa, S. Maeda, K. Nagasako, H. Yamaguchi, S. Yoshida
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

We present a modification of strip biopsy (SB), one of the endoscopic treatment modalities for early gastric cancer. Using a side-viewing endoscope and a special electrocautery snare, we treated 6 patients with early carcinoma of the intestinal type with this modified strip biopsy (MSB). All tumors could be completely resected and 5 patients were not operated on: All 5 remained tumor-free at follow-up of at least one year. These results compared favorably with a historical control group of 17 patients with early gastric cancer treated with conventional strip biopsy. We therefore recommend applying our new method of MSB especially in the intestinal type of early gastric carcinoma; these preliminary data however, need confirmation in larger trials.
“I Can’t Afford a ‘B’”
Authors: Stewart G. Wolf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Most present-day medical-school admissions committees eliminate from consideration all applicants whose transcripts fail to reflect a grade-point average within half a point of straight "A". This system simply means that the aspiring premedical student must select college courses that offer him a reasonable assurance of an "A" if he does well. He is therefore likely to select highly structured courses in which the questions have "right" answers. He must avoid such courses as philosophy and English literature, among many others in the humanities and fine arts. The result must surely be that nowadays those who are most comfortable with "other-directed" . . .
The cruelty of false hope
Authors: J R Petrie
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Among claims made in an article in the Times for the efficacy of essential fatty acids in treating osteoporosis, restenosis after angioplasty, and human immunodeficiency virus was a claim of “impressive results in delaying death in patients suffering from pancreatic tumours.” A friend of my fiance's family was recently diagnosed as having pancreatic carcinoma with hepatic metastases and is now in a hospice. My future father in law telephoned me in a state of some excitement. He is not a medical man, but claimed a healthy scepticism: “95% chance that it's a load of cobblers, …
Platelet Storage — Time to Come in from the Cold?
Authors: Edward L. Snyder, Henry M. Rinder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Refrigerated platelets have better in vitro function than those stored at room temperature,1 but once transfused, they are rapidly cleared from the circulation. Thus, platelets are currently stored at room temperature for up to five days. Unfortunately, storage at room temperature also creates optimal conditions for the growth of pathogens. Although the blood supply is tested for many pathogens, there is currently no mandatory test for bacterial contamination, and the estimated incidence of bacterial contamination of platelets is high: 1 in 2000 units. Cold storage would clearly improve the safety of platelet transfusion, and a recent study by Hoffmeister and . . .
Observations on recent increase in mortality from asthma.
Authors: F. E. Speizer, R. Doll, P. Heaf
Journal: BMJ (1968)

The mortality attributed to asthma has increased annually in England and Wales from 1960 to 1965. The increase is more pronounced at ages 5 to 34 years than at older ages and is most pronounced at ages 10 to 14 years. In this last age group the mortality increased nearly eight times in seven years, and in 1966 asthma accounted for 7% of all deaths. No comparable increase has been observed in any other country, but smaller increases at ages 10 to 19 years have been observed in Australasia, Japan, western Europe, and the United States. There is no evidence to suggest that there has been any change in diagnostic habits, certification of deaths, or methods of classification which could account for the increase in Great Britain, and it is concluded that the increase is real. General practitioners9 records provide no evidence of an increase in prevalence and it seems probable that there has been an increase in case fatality. No environmental hazards are known which could have increased the severity of the disease, and the possibility has to be considered that the increase may be due to new methods of treatment. Corticosteroids have been used increasingly since 1952, and in Great Britain the use of pressurized aerosols containing sympathomimetics has increased rapidly since 1960.
Book: Oxford Handbook of General Practice
Authors: K. Barraclough
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Chantal Simon, Hazel Everitt, Jon Birtwistle, Brian Stevenson Oxford University Press, £22.95, pp 1060 ISBN 0 19 263270 1 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img> ![Graphic][2]</img> ![Graphic][3]</img> Iremember getting a bit of a shock before my medical finals. Jovial consultants who had spent two and a half years telling us how the only thing that they had learnt at medical school was not to mix wine and beer suddenly started looking serious. When teaching us, instead of regaling us with tales of drunken stupor from their … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif