tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changes in day and night time oxygenation with protriptyline in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.
Authors: F Series, Y Cormier, J La Forge
Journal: Thorax (1989)

The effect of protriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, on sleep architecture, nocturnal arterial oxygen desaturation, pulmonary function, and diurnal arterial blood gases was investigated in an open study of 14 patients with stable chronic obstructive lung disease. Daytime and overnight measurements were made before and 2 and 10 weeks after they started protriptyline (20 mg daily at bedtime). Two patients had to be excluded before the second visit and one before the third visit because of changes in treatment for their chest disease. Protriptyline caused mouth dryness in all patients and dysuria in six men. With protriptyline there were no significant changes in total sleep time, sleep period time, or the percentages of total sleep time occupied by stage I-II and stage III-IV sleep. The mean (SEM) percentage of total sleep time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep decreased from 11.1 (1.7) to 4.6 (0.7) at two weeks and to 4.2 (1.0) at 10 weeks. After protriptyline the time spent during sleep with an arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) below each 5% increment above 65% was less than the baseline time; the lowest SaO2 (%) reached during sleep increased from 64.5 (1.7) to 72.7 (2.1) at 2 weeks and to 77.4 (2.1) at 10 weeks. Lung volumes and expiratory flows were unchanged during the study. Daytime arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) increased from 57 (1.4) mm Hg before treatment to 62 (1.9) mm Hg at 2 weeks and to 66 (1.9) mm Hg at 10 weeks (7.6 (0.2), 8.3 (0.3), 8.8 (0.3) kPa). Carbon dioxide tension fell from 52 (2.3) mm Hg to 49 (1.4) mm Hg at 2 weeks and to 48 (2.0) mm Hg at 10 weeks (6.9 (0.3), 6.5 (0.2), 6.4 (0.3) kPa), but these changes were not significant. These results suggest that protriptyline may benefit patients with chronic obstructive lung disease by reducing the sleep induced falls in SaO2 and improving diurnal PaO2; a controlled trial is now required.
Symptoms and Medication Use in Children with Asthma and Traffic-Related Sources of Fine Particle Pollution
Authors: Janneane F. Gent, Petros Koutrakis, Kathleen Belanger, Elizabeth Triche, Theodore R. Holford, Michael B. Bracken, Brian P. Leaderer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Exposure to ambient fine particles [particulate matter < or = 2.5 microm diameter (PM(2.5))] is a potential factor in the exacerbation of asthma. National air quality particle standards consider total mass, not composition or sources, and may not protect against health impacts related to specific components.We examined associations between daily exposure to fine particle components and sources, and symptoms and medication use in children with asthma.Children with asthma (n = 149) 4-12 years of age were enrolled in a year-long study. We analyzed particle samples for trace elements (X-ray fluorescence) and elemental carbon (light reflectance). Using factor analysis/source apportionment, we identified particle sources (e.g., motor vehicle emissions) and quantified daily contributions. Symptoms and medication use were recorded on study diaries. Repeated measures logistic regression models examined associations between health outcomes and particle exposures as elemental concentrations and source contributions.More than half of mean PM(2.5) was attributed to traffic-related sources motor vehicles (42%) and road dust (12%). Increased likelihood of symptoms and inhaler use was largest for 3-day averaged exposures to traffic-related sources or their elemental constituents and ranged from a 10% increased likelihood of wheeze for each 5-microg/m(3) increase in particles from motor vehicles to a 28% increased likelihood of shortness of breath for increases in road dust. Neither the other sources identified nor PM(2.5) alone was associated with increased health outcome risks.Linking respiratory health effects to specific particle pollution composition or sources is critical to efforts to protect public health. We associated increased risk of symptoms and inhaler use in children with asthma with exposure to traffic-related fine particles.
Cannabinoid hyperemesis: cyclical hyperemesis in association with chronic cannabis abuse
Authors: J H Allen
Journal: Gut (2004)

<b>Background and aims:</b> To explore the association between chronic cannabis abuse and a cyclical vomiting illness that presented in a series of cases in South Australia. <b>Methods:</b> Nineteen patients were identified with chronic cannabis abuse and a cyclical vomiting illness. For legal and ethical reasons, all patients were counselled to cease all cannabis abuse. Follow up was provided with serial urine drug screen analysis and regular clinical consultation to chart the clinical course. Of the 19 patients, five refused consent and were lost to follow up and five were excluded on the basis of confounders. The remaining nine cases are presented here and compared with a published case of psychogenic vomiting. <b>Results:</b> In all cases, including the published case, chronic cannabis abuse predated the onset of the cyclical vomiting illness. Cessation of cannabis abuse led to cessation of the cyclical vomiting illness in seven cases. Three cases, including the published case, did not abstain and continued to have recurrent episodes of vomiting. Three cases rechallenged themselves after a period of abstinence and suffered a return to illness. Two of these cases abstained again, and became and remain well. The third case did not and remains ill. A novel finding was that nine of the 10 patients, including the previously published case, displayed an abnormal washing behaviour during episodes of active illness. <b>Conclusions:</b> We conclude that chronic cannabis abuse was the cause of the cyclical vomiting illness in all cases, including the previously described case of psychogenic vomiting.
Thallium-201 Accumulation in an Unsuspected Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: DAVID R. FAKIER, EDWARD B. STRAUSS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Lung tumors are frequently thallium avid and, indeed, From the Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Thallium-201 may be more specific than Gallium-67 in Medicine, Norwalk Hospital, evaluation of many neoplasms. The authors present a case of unsuspected lung carcinoma detected on stress thallium Imaging performed for evaluation of coronary artery disease.
1297 IL12 IS DOWN REGULATED IN OBESE CHILDREN WITH NAFLD AND UPREGULATED IN SIMPLE OBESITY
Authors: J. Michalkiewicz, P. Socha, A. Wierzbicka-Rucinska, P. Pludowski, L. Gackowska, I. Kubiszewska, J. Trojanek, W. Jańczyk, M. Szalecki, M. Litwin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
CHEMICAL, CLINICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PRODUCTS OF HUMAN PLASMA FRACTIONATION. XV. THE PROTEINS CONCERNED IN THE BLOOD COAGULATION MECHANISM 12
Authors: John T. Edsall, Ronald M. Ferry, S. Howard Armstrong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1944)

Society of Fellows, Harvard University, during the first years of these investigations.' It is unnecessary to give an extensive bibliography of the subject here.We cite, however, a few recent reviews by Eagle (1), Wohlisch (2), Ferguson (3), Smith (4), Quick (5), and Taylor, Davidson, and Minot (6), which may serve as a guide to the present status of studies in this field.' We may also call the reader's attention to a recent simple method for preparing human fibrinogen of high tensile strength, described by Neurath, Dees, and Fox (11).See Wohlisch (2), pp. 277-293; and for the general significance of these properties, see Paper I of this series (7).
Life expectancy, economic inequality, homicide, and reproductive timing in Chicago neighbourhoods
Authors: M. Wilson, M. Daly
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> In comparisons among Chicago neighbourhoods, homicide rates in 1988-93 varied more than 100-fold, while male life expectancy at birth ranged from 54 to 77 years, even with effects of homicide mortality removed. This "cause deleted" life expectancy was highly correlated with homicide rates; a measure of economic inequality added significant additional prediction, whereas median household income did not. Deaths from internal causes (diseases) show similar age patterns, despite different absolute levels, in the best and worst neighbourhoods, whereas deaths from external causes (homicide, accident, suicide) do not. As life expectancy declines across neighbourhoods, women reproduce earlier; by age 30, however, neighbourhood no longer affects age specific fertility. These results support the hypothesis that life expectancy itself may be a psychologically salient determinant of risk taking and the timing of life transitions.
Abstract 2565: Targeting the p38 MAPK pathway inhibits drug resistance in colon adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Salomé Paillas, Florence Boissière, Annick Causse, Vincent Denis, Nadia Vezzio-vie, Imade Ait Arsa, Pierre Martineau, Frederic Bibeau, Maguy Del Rio, Céline Gongora
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Despite the recent advances achieved in the treatment of colon cancer, tumour resistance is a frequent cause of chemotherapy failure. Our work was aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in the resistance to irinotecan (SN38), an anticancer agent widely used in colorectal cancer treatment. To this end, we have established an SN38-resistant cellular model from the colon adenocarcinoma cell line HCT-116 and we have obtained 5 resistant clones. In all these five clones we have observed an activation of the MAPK p38 compared to the sensitive cell line called HCT116-s. We have shown in the HCT116-SN6 clone that the p38 pathway is responsible for the resistance to SN38. The family of MAPK p38 counting four isoformes α, β, γ and δ, we have generated cells lines overexpressing each isoforms or inhibiting each isoform expression, and we have demonstrate that the α and β forms are involved in SN38 resistance. In a xenograft model we have shown that the HCT116-SN6 cell line is also resistant to Campto treatment in vivo, and that the α and β isoforms are still responsible for drug resistance. Finally, we have also detected phosphorylated p38 in colon cancer cells of patients resistant to Irinotecan-based chemotherapy. These results show for the first time that the p38 pathway is implicated in the drug sensitivity of colon cancer cells and that targeting p38 could be a good alternative to decrease drug resistance. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2565.
600 Effect of bioactive plant compounds on the small intestine transmucosal passage of milk allergens in normal and sensitized rat
Authors: J.M. Wal, J. Gee, H. Atkinson, F. Grigoriadou, G.M. Wortley, M.V. Wijnands, A.H. Penninks, K. Miller, I.T. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
High intracolonic acetaldehyde values produced by a bacteriocolonic pathway for ethanol oxidation in piglets.
Authors: K Jokelainen, T Matysiak-Budnik, H Makisalo, K Hockerstedt, M Salaspuro
Journal: Gut (1996)

Human colonic contents and many colonic microbes produce considerable amounts of acetaldehyde from ethanol in vitro.To examine in piglets if acetaldehyde is produced in the colon also in vivo, and if so, what is the fate of intracolonically formed acetaldehyde.Seventeen native, non-fasted female piglets (20-25 kg) were used.Six piglets received either 1.5 g/kg bw or 2.5 g/kg bw of ethanol intravenously. In seven piglets, 0.7 g or 1.75 g of ethanol/kg bw was administered intravenously, followed by a subsequent intragastric ethanol infusion of 1.8 g/kg bw and 4.5 g/kg bw, respectively. The samples of colonic contents for the assessment of ethanol and acetaldehyde concentrations were obtained up to seven hours. In four additional piglets, the intracolonic values of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetate were observed for 60 minutes after an intracolonic infusion of acetaldehyde solution.A raised intracolonic, endogenous acetaldehyde concentration (mean (SEM); 36 (9) microM) was found in all piglets before ethanol infusion. After the infusion of ethanol, intracolonic ethanol and acetaldehyde values increased in parallel, reaching the peak values 57 (4) mM of ethanol and 271 (20) microM of acetaldehyde in the group that received the highest dose of ethanol. A positive correlation (r = 0.45; p < 0.001) was found between intracolonic ethanol and acetaldehyde values. Acetaldehyde administered intracolonically was mainly metabolised to acetate but also to ethanol in the colon.Significant endogenous intracolonic acetaldehyde values can be found in the normal porcine colon. Furthermore, our results suggest the existence of a bacteriocolonic pathway for ethanol oxidation. Increased amounts of acetaldehyde are formed intracolonically from ingested ethanol by this pathway.
MELAENA AND HAEMATEMESIS NEONATORUM
Authors: B. Solomons
Journal: BMJ (1917)

half of a Petri dish, x, anId the metal plate is pres3ed firmly down on to it, so tlhat the edge of the dish is securely embedde(d in the lower plasticiiie containinig trench.Extra plasticine is added all round up to the level of the dotted linle sliowvn in the dia'ram so as to make an absolutely air-tight lute.
Cytogenetics and outcome of infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and absence of MLL rearrangements
Authors: P De Lorenzo, A V Moorman, R Pieters, Z E Dreyer, N A Heerema, A J Carroll, S P Hunger, R Harvey, C L Willman, M Devidas, M-G Valsecchi, C J Harrison
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Myocardial ischaemia in patients with frequent angina pectoris.
Authors: A P Selwyn, K Fox, M Eves, D Oakley, H Dargie, J Shillingford
Journal: BMJ (1978)

One hundred patients with angina pectoris underwent 16-point electrocardiographic (ECG) mapping of the left hemithorax during a standardised exercise test. Forty-five patients had maximum ST-segment depression at position V5, while 35 had no ECG signs of ischaemia at this position. In 20 V5 was on the edge of the precordial area, which showed less severe ST-depression than the central positions. An Oxford ECG recorder and highspeed analyser were modified and used in 50 of the patients with daily angina for recording ST-segment changes over 24 hours. Serial 24-hour ambulatory recordings from the edge of the precordial area of ischaemia identified during exercise detected a mean of only 14 +/- SD 3% of the episodes of ST-segment changes recorded from the centre of the same area. Only 16 +/- 2% of the episodes detected by ECG were accompanied by chest pain. More episodes occurred between 4 am and 6 am than at any other time during the night. This study shows the importance of recording ECG evidence of ischaemia from the precordial position showing maximum changes during exercise. ECG evidence of ischaemia occurs more frequently than anginal pain. These objective measurements add important information to the frequency of chest pain reported by patients with ischaemic heart disease.
Inhalation of ultrafine carbon particles triggers biphasic pro-inflammatory response in the mouse lung
Authors: E. André, T. Stoeger, S. Takenaka, M. Bahnweg, B. Ritter, E. Karg, B. Lentner, C. Reinhard, H. Schulz, M. Wjst
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

High levels of particulate matter in ambient air are associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular health problems. It has been hypothesised that it is the ultrafine particle fraction (diameter &lt;100 nm) that is largely responsible for these effects. To evaluate the associated mechanisms on a molecular level, the current authors applied an expression profiling approach. Healthy mice were exposed to either ultrafine carbon particles (UFCPs; mass concentration 380 µg·m -3 ) or filtered air for 4 and 24 h. Histology of the lungs did not indicate any pathomorphological changes after inhalation. Examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed a small increase in polymorphonuclear cell number (ranging 0.6–1%) after UFCP inhalation, compared with clean air controls, suggesting a minor inflammatory response. However, DNA microarray profile analysis revealed a clearly biphasic response to particle exposure. After 4 h of inhalation, mainly heat shock proteins were induced, whereas after 24 h, different immunomodulatory proteins (osteopontin, galectin-3 and lipocalin-2) were upregulated in alveolar macrophages and septal cells. In conclusion, these data indicate that inhalation of ultrafine carbon particles triggers a biphasic pro-inflammatory process in the lung, involving the activation of macrophages and the upregulation of immunomodulatory proteins.
Circulating, but not local lung, IL-5 is required for the development of antigen-induced airways eosinophilia.
Authors: J Wang, K Palmer, J LOtvall, S Milan, X F Lei, K I Matthaei, J Gauldie, M D Inman, M Jordana, Z Xing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

IL-5 is induced locally in the lung and systemically in the circulation during allergic airways eosinophilic inflammation both in humans and experimental animals. However, the precise role of local and systemic IL-5 in the development of allergic airways eosinophilia remains to be elucidated. In our current study, we demonstrate that compared with their IL-5(+/+) counterparts, IL-5(-/-) mice lacked an IL-5 response both in the lung and peripheral blood, yet they released similar amounts of IL-4, eotaxin, and MIP-1alpha in the lung after ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge. At cellular levels, these mice failed to develop peripheral blood and airways eosinophilia while the responses of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages remained similar to those in IL-5(+/+) mice. To dissect the relative role of local and systemic IL-5 in this model, we constructed a gene transfer vector expressing murine IL-5. Intramuscular IL-5 gene transfer to OVA-sensitized IL-5(-/-) mice led to raised levels of IL-5 compartmentalized to the circulation and completely reconstituted airways eosinophilia upon OVA challenge, which was associated with reconstitution of eosinophilia in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Significant airways eosinophilia was observed for at least 7 d in these mice. In contrast, intranasal IL-5 gene transfer, when rendered to give rise to a significant but compartmentalized level of transgene protein IL-5 in the lung, was unable to reconstitute airways eosinophilia in OVA-sensitized IL-5(-/-) mice upon OVA-challenge, which was associated with a lack of eosinophilic responses in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Our findings thus provide unequivocal evidence that circulating but not local lung IL-5 is critically required for the development of allergic airways eosinophilia. These findings also provide the rationale for developing strategies to target circulating IL-5 and/or its receptors in bone marrow to effectively control asthmatic airways eosinophilia.
Assessing the Value of “Discretionary” Clinical Care
Authors: Lee A. Fleisher
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A theranostic agent to enhance osteogenic and magnetic resonance imaging properties of calcium phosphate cements
Authors: Manuela Ventura, Yi Sun, Sjef Cremers, Paul Borm, Zeinab T. Birgani, Pamela Habibovic, Arend Heerschap, Peter M. van der Kraan, John A. Jansen, X. Frank Walboomers
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Tissue localization of bovine dander allergen Bos d 2☆☆☆★★★
Authors: Jaakko Rautiainen, Marja Rytkönen, Kari Syrjänen, Jaana Pentikäinen, Thomas Zeiler, Tuomas Virtanen, Rauno Mäntyjärvi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
Laryngocele
Authors: Kenneth R. Kattan
Journal: JAMA (1980)

LARYNGOCELE is an abnormal saccular dilation and elongation of the appendix of the laryngeal ventricle of Morgagni (Fig 1). The term laryngocele was introduced by Virchow in 1867.<sup>1</sup>The laryngeal ventricle is a small elliptical recess between the false and the true vocal cords. Anteriorly it ends in a blind pouch known as the laryngeal appendix. This pouch varies in length, and if it extends above the upper border of the thyroid cartilage it is considered abnormal.<sup>2</sup>This appendix is present at birth and is relatively large. It begins to regress by the end of the sixth year. Though laryngoceles are uncommonly reported, they are not rare and occur more than the literature indicates.<sup>3</sup>Some examples are presented. Figure 2 is an anteroposterior roentgenogram of the neck of a 53-year-old man who complained of hoarseness of two months' duration. Before his admission he was given antibiotics, resulting
Mental Disability in America Since World War II
Authors: Moshe S. Torem
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This book is a strong, well-written, and scientifically documented statement against the crusade for deinstitutionalization of patients with mental disability. Its publication is well timed in the face of the growing numbers of homeless people living in the streets of our cities and towns, of which the mentally disabled make up between 30% to 50%. The book is composed of eight chapters that cover not only the issue of mental disability since World War II, as the title suggests, but also include a historical review of mental illness, alcoholism, and other drug abuse in America since colonial times. In these chapters, the authors discuss mental disability and substance abuse as problems of socialization. This is followed by a cogent review of the nationalization of mental disability and substance abuse. What this means, according to the authors, is the conceptualization of mental illness and substance abuse as problems of national concern