tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of amount of extent of coronary narrowing by atherosclerotic plaque and of myocardial scarring at necropsy in anterior and posterior healed transmural myocardial infarction.
Authors: H S Cabin, W C Roberts
Journal: Circulation (1982)

The amount of cross-sectional area narrowing by atherosclerotic plaque in each 5-mm-long segment from the entire lengths of the right, left main, left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary arteries and the size, predominant location and extent of myocardial scarring were determined in 59 necropsy patients with a healed transmural myocardial infarct (MI). The mean number of the four major epicardial coronary arteries narrowed severely (76-100% in cross-sectional area) was 3.0 in the 37 patients with posterior MI and 2.6 in the 22 patients with anterior MI (p less than .025). The mean percent of severely narrowed 5-mm segments from all four major coronary arteries was similar in the anterior and posterior MI groups, 38% vs 46%. The patients with anterior MI, however, had a higher percentage of severely narrowed 5-mm segments of the left anterior descending than of the left circumflex but not the right coronary artery, 46% vs 25% (p less than 0.001) and 40% (NS). The patients with posterior MI had a higher percentage of severely narrowed segments of the right and left circumflex coronary arteries than of the left anterior descending artery, 55% and 51% vs 32% (p less than 0.05). The anterior MI group had, on the average, larger left ventricular scars than the posterior MI group (20% vs 9%, p greater than 0.002) and more frequent scarring of the ventricular septum, 16 patients (73%) vs six patients (16%) (p less than 0.001).
Psychoanalysis can seriously damage your health
Authors: C. Brewer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

I have long maintained that the aetiological and therapeutic theories of Sigmund Freud were mostly unsound and caused some damage to society in general and psychiatry in particular. When I first started actually doing psychiatry in the 1960s such criticism was unusual and heretical, but within a decade, it was becoming more common. By the 1990s it was the norm, except, of course, among a dwindling and beleaguered band of true believers. NHS psychoanalysts fight to retain a tiny enclave in a psychotherapeutic territory populated largely by evidence based practitioners whose preference is for cognitive behavioural techniques (and for evidence, of …
Electronic publishing in science
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The five years between two Paris conferences on electronic publishing in science have seen dramatic changes. Almost all scientists now use the internet routinely. Most journals have produced an electronic version, and many are moving beyond simply making the paper version available through the web. Disciplines in addition to physics have created eprint servers (where authors can make their research open to everybody as soon as it is completed), and many new beasts—like PubMed Central and E-Biosci—have begun to stir in the information jungle. Nevertheless, most of those at last month's conference organised by Unesco and the International Council of Scientific Unions thought that we are still at the beginning of the electronic revolution in scientific publishing. The next five years will see greater change.

Electronic publishing opens up the prospect of all scientists having access to all research from their desktops. Access has improved for some, but not for all—and for those in the developing world it has got worse. Everybody at the conference, including commercial publishers, agreed that it is good for science, scientists, governments, and the public for access to the results of scientific research to be unfettered. Unlike most physical commodities, the value of information increases as more people have access—because they can use the information in their own environments and add new insights, increasing the value for everybody.

Journals, which have since the 17th century been the main means of disseminating research, have been important because they provided some quality control, drew together research papers on particular subjects, and organised the distribution of research. But they also Balkanised the research, dividing it up into many different journals, most of …
Treatment of Thyrotoxicosis with Low Doses of Radioactive Iodine
Authors: A. W. G. Goolden, T. R. Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In a series of 156 thyrotoxic patients treated with low doses of radioactive iodine the therapeutic dose was calculated by means of a sliding scale in which the dose level was varied according to the estimated size of the gland. Of the patients so treated 56.5% achieved a remission with a single dose of (131)I. The incidence of hypothyroidism at one year was 5%.
Quantitative Pulmonary T-Cell Responses for the Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis
Authors: Christoph Lange, Martin Ernst, Ulf Greinert, Claudia Jafari, Barbara Kalsdorf, Alan Strassburg, Aik Bossink, Steven Thijsen, José Antonio Domínguez Benítez, Irene Latorre, Delia Goletti, Luca Richeldi, Monica Losi, Ralf Eberhardt, Susanne Winteroll, Detlef Kirsten, Giovanni B. Migliori, Giovanni Sotgiu
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)
Paediatric use of mexiletine and disopyramide.
Authors: D W Holt, A C Walsh, P V Curry, M Tynan
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Paediatric use of mexiletine and disopyramideLife-threatening arrhythmias, although not common in infancy, present a recurring clinical problem and choosing a suitable drug is often difficult.The difficulty is compounded by the paucity of information on both the efficacy and dosage of the newer anti- arrhythmic drugs in children.Mexiletine and disopyramide, two orally effective and potentially valuable drugs, are cases in point.We report two cases in which these drugs were used and in which the dosage was modified according to plasma concentration measurements. Case reportsCase 1-A girl born in July 1978, whose pregnancy, birth, and routine neonatal examination were normal, was admitted to hospital aged 10 days cyanosed, with signs of cardiac failure, and an apex rate of 300 beats/min.The ECG was interpreted as a supraventricular tachycardia and she was digitalised.After three days there were no signs of heart failure but her on 20 August
TREATMENT OF UNDULANT FEVER WITH AN AUTOGENOUS ANTIGEN
Authors: G. S. SCHILLING
Journal: JAMA (1931)

The present status of our knowledge of the treatment of undulant fever is notably deficient; consequently any method of attack that seems hopeful is worthy of further study. In general, the curative treatment is symptomatic, comparing with the regimen followed in the treatment of typhoid. We are reporting on a method that resulted in the sudden termination of an infection by Brucella suis (Traum) in the hope that it may be tried by others.  A review of the literature shows that antiserums, parasitotrophic chemicals, and vaccines and bacterins, either specific or nonspecific, have been used experimentally with varying degrees of success in the treatment of this disease. The results of the use of antiserums have in general been disappointing. Chemotherapy has been restricted largely to the intravenous injection of dyes. Of these, mercurochrome-220 soluble as used by Gregory and Gage and others, 1 and acriflavine hydrochloride as employed by Izar
Sustained Angina Relief 5 Years After Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization With a CO<sub>2</sub>Laser
Authors: Keith A. Horvath, Sary F. Aranki, Lawrence H. Cohn, Robert J. March, O. Howard Frazier, Kamuran A. Kadipasaoglu, Steven W. Boyce, Bruce W. Lytle, Kevin P. Landolfo, James E. Lowe, Brack Hattler, Bartley P. Griffith, Allan M. Lansing
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Although transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) has provided symptomatic relief of angina over the short term, the long-term efficacy of the procedure is unknown. Angina symptoms as assessed independently by angina class and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) were prospectively collected up to 7 years after TMR.Seventy-eight patients with severe angina not amenable to conventional revascularization were treated with a CO(2) laser. Their mean age was 61+/-10 years at the time of treatment. Preoperatively, 66% had unstable angina, 73% had had >/=1 myocardial infarction, 93% had undergone >/=1 CABG, 42% had >/=1 PTCA, 76% were in angina class IV, and 24% were in angina class III. Their average pre-TMR angina class was 3.7+/-0.4.After an average of 5 years (and up to 7 years) of follow-up, the average angina class was significantly improved to 1.6+/-1 (P=0.0001). This was unchanged from the 1.5+/-1 average angina class at 1 year postoperatively (P=NS). There was a marked redistribution according to angina class, with 81% of the patients in class II or better, and 17% of the patients had no angina 5 years after TMR. A decrease of >/=2 angina classes was considered significant, and by this criterion, 68% of the patients had successful long-term angina relief. The angina class results were further confirmed with the SAQ; 5-year SAQ scores revealed an average improvement of 170% over the baseline results.The long-term efficacy of TMR persists for >/=5 years. TMR with CO(2) laser as sole therapy for severe disabling angina provides significant long-term angina relief.
Hypocalciuria in Preeclampsia
Authors: Phyllis A. Taufield, Kathy L. Ales, Lawrence M. Resnick, Maurice L. Druzin, Joseph M. Gertner, John H. Laragh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We studied 40 women in the third trimester of pregnancy to determine whether alterations in serum calcium levels or in urinary calcium excretion would distinguish patients with preeclampsia from normal pregnant women or women with other forms of gestational hypertension. Our population included 10 normal pregnant women, 5 pregnant women with transient hypertension, 6 with chronic hypertension, 7 with chronic hypertension and superimposed preeclampsia, and 12 with preeclampsia. The serum levels of ionized calcium, phosphate, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were not different among the various groups. In contrast, the mean (+/- SD) 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the patients with preeclampsia or hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia was significantly lower (42 +/- 29 and 78 +/- 49 mg) than that in normal pregnant women (313 +/- 140 mg per 24 hours), women with transient hypertension (248 +/- 139 mg per 24 hours), or women with chronic hypertension (223 +/- 41 mg per 24 hours) (P less than 0.0001). The hypocalciuria in the women with preeclampsia was associated with a decreased fractional excretion of calcium. Although the mean creatinine clearance was reduced in the women with preeclampsia, the range of values overlapped with those in the other groups. In contrast, we observed little or no overlap with respect to calcium excretion. We conclude that preeclampsia is associated with hypocalciuria due to increased tubular reabsorption of calcium. Measurement of calcium excretion may be useful in distinguishing preeclampsia from other forms of gestational hypertension.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Human Gene Expression Profiles Identifies Stromal Immunoglobulin κ C as a Compatible Prognostic Marker in Human Solid Tumors
Authors: Marcus Schmidt, Birte Hellwig, Seddik Hammad, Amnah Othman, Miriam Lohr, Zonglin Chen, Daniel Boehm, Susanne Gebhard, Ilka Petry, Antje Lebrecht, Cristina Cadenas, Rosemarie Marchan, Joanna D. Stewart, Christine Solbach, Lars Holmberg, Karolina Edlund, Hanna Göransson Kultima, Achim Rody, Anders Berglund, Mats Lambe, Anders Isaksson, Johan Botling, Thomas Karn, Volkmar Müller, Aslihan Gerhold-Ay, Christina Cotarelo, Martin Sebastian, Ralf Kronenwett, Hans Bojar, Hans-Anton Lehr, Ugur Sahin, Heinz Koelbl, Mathias Gehrmann, Patrick Micke, Jörg Rahnenführer, Jan G. Hengstler
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Although the central role of the immune system for tumor prognosis is generally accepted, a single robust marker is not yet available. Experimental Design: On the basis of receiver operating characteristic analyses, robust markers were identified from a 60-gene B cell–derived metagene and analyzed in gene expression profiles of 1,810 breast cancer; 1,056 non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); 513 colorectal; and 426 ovarian cancer patients. Protein and RNA levels were examined in paraffin-embedded tissue of 330 breast cancer patients. The cell types were identified with immunohistochemical costaining and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Results: We identified immunoglobulin κ C (IGKC) which as a single marker is similarly predictive and prognostic as the entire B-cell metagene. IGKC was consistently associated with metastasis-free survival across different molecular subtypes in node-negative breast cancer (n = 965) and predicted response to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 845; P &amp;lt; 0.001). In addition, IGKC gene expression was prognostic in NSCLC and colorectal cancer. No association was observed in ovarian cancer. IGKC protein expression was significantly associated with survival in paraffin-embedded tissues of 330 breast cancer patients. Tumor-infiltrating plasma cells were identified as the source of IGKC expression. Conclusion: Our findings provide IGKC as a novel diagnostic marker for risk stratification in human cancer and support concepts to exploit the humoral immune response for anticancer therapy. It could be validated in several independent cohorts and carried out similarly well in RNA from fresh frozen as well as from paraffin tissue and on protein level by immunostaining. Clin Cancer Res; 18(9); 2695–703. ©2012 AACR.
Disappearance of epidermal Langerhans cells during PUVA therapy
Authors: P.S. Friedmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Disappearance of epidermal Langerhans cells during PUVA therapy Get access P.S. Friedmann P.S. Friedmann University Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue 2, 1 August 1981, Pages 219–221, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01209.x Published: 01 August 1981
Practical Electroencephalography for the Anesthesiologist
Authors: Milton H. Alper
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The authors of this monograph, writing from long interest and great experience with electroencephalography in anesthesia, have compiled a very useful volume. There are 2 stated purposes which are well fulfilled. The first is the provision of a firm background in the clinical application of the EEG. In the early pages, the genesis of the EEG is discussed, as well as the effects of physiological variables. A brief but adequate discussion of instrumentation and interpretation of records follows. In achieving their second goal, that of providing a source of information for the practicing anesthesiologist, the authors have been eminently successful. The bulk of the monograph consists of an excellently organized, well-illustrated, and concisely written review of EEG patterns associated with anesthesia and surgery. The EEG effects of each anesthetic are described and tabulated in a hypothetical sequence of cerebral depression. This approach permits a logical classification of the EEG patterns
MENACE OF THE DIAGNOSTIC THROAT CULTURE IN DIPHTHERIA
Authors: JESSE G. M. BULLOWA
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The etiologic relationship between diphtheria and the diphtheria bacillus has been established beyond cavil. It may seem a platitude to assert that the disease known as human diphtheria is the reaction of the body to the toxin of the diphtheria bacillus. The unfortunate annual succession of tragedies witnessed at the Willard Parker Hospital, traceable to lack of clear thinking on this point, have forced us to emphasize the fact that the presence of diphtheria organisms in the throat is not synonymous with diphtheria, and that the failure to find diphtheria organisms in culture tubes inoculated from swabs passed over the mucous membranes of the throat does not exclude the presence of diphtheria. In the interests of clear medical thinking, we wish to emphasize the fallacies that may result from the throat culture diagnosis of diphtheria, and the dangers consequent upon delay in making the diagnosis from a laboratory report instead
Abstract 1149: The expression of Ki-67, but not IGF1R, predicts a poor disease-free survival in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: Soichi Oka, Hidetaka Uramoto, Yasuhiro Chikaishi, Makoto Nakagawa, Hidehiko Shimokawa, Masaru Takenaka, Yoshiki Shigematu, Tomoko So, Takeshi Hanagiri, Fumihiro Tanaka
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Ki-67 expression has been established as a predictive marker for recurrence in breast cancer. The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane heterotetrameric protein implicated in promoting the oncogenic transformation, growth and survival of cancer cells. However, no useful data are presently available regarding the biological significance of both molecules in lung cancer. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the expression of Ki-67 and IGF1R. This is the first molecular analysis of the correlation between the expression of Ki-67 and IGF1R in a Japanese population of primary lung adenocarcinoma patients. Methods: Tumor specimens were collected from 183 consecutive patients who underwent a complete resection for lung adenocarcinoma from 2003 to 2007 in our department. We analyzed the Ki-67 and IGF1R expression levels in the primary lung adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry. Results: The positive expression of Ki-67 and IGF1R was identified in 41 (22.4%) and 43 (23.6%) patients, respectively. The positive expression of Ki-67 was identified in 14 (50.0%) of 28 patients and 27 (18.1%) of 155 patients with and without recurrence, respectively (p&amp;lt; 0.001). The positive expression of Ki-67 was associated with a poorer disease-free survival (DFS) according to the survival analysis. A multivariate analysis also demonstrated that Ki-67 expression was independently associated with an increased risk of a poor DFS. On the other hand, a significant relationship was also observed between the expression levels of Ki-67 and IGF1R in NSCLC. However, in the subgroup analysis, no significant correlation was not observed. Conclusions: The expression of Ki-67, but not IGF1R, may be a useful marker for predicting postoperative recurrence in patients with the primary lung adenocarcinoma following complete resection. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1149. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1149
New Light on William Harvey
Authors: Allen G. Debus
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The present volume, while complete in itself, also stands as a supplement to Pagel's fundamental study,<i>William Harvey's Biological Ideas</i>(1967). Readers hoping to keep abreast of current Harveyan research cannot afford to be without either. <i>New Light</i>is divided into two sections: the first, a detailed study of the way in which Harvey reached his discovery, and the second, a lengthy appendix devoted to Harvey's predecessors and immediate followers. In the first section, Pagel reinforces his earlier conclusion that Harvey's work was essentially Aristotelian. The rejection of scholastic tradition and the search for a new truth in fresh observations seemed to Harvey to be a return to the pure Aristotle. Indeed, it would appear that Harvey was such a purist on this score that he rejected the work of the Greek philosopher when it did not seem to be true to his own principles. The appendix is filled with
THE MEDICINE AND SURGERY OF THREE GASTROINTESTINAL CASES.
Authors: JULIUS HOELSCHER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In view of the fact that the medical phase of certain gastrointestinal lesions wherein adhesions and partial obstruction or traction play a prominent part are so erratic symptomatically, these three cases are offered with the hope that some light may be thrown on the diagnosis and other pertinent factors: <h3>Case 1.—History.</h3> —Miss X., aged 43, gave no history of any illness that in any causative way was associated with eighteen years of intermittent gastrointestinal disturbances. The latter began with severe acute epigastric pain, no vomiting or nausea, but constant gaseous distension. Constipation was present both before and during these attacks, and in the course of ten days the skin would assume a dark, dirty yellowish hue, which phase of the illness would not disappear until free and daily purgation was produced. Opiates had but little subduing effect on the pains. After two or three weeks, complete relief would follow
Retropharyngeal Abscess on a Ga-67 Scan
Authors: WAI-LING CHAN, VIVIAN B. FERNANDES, MARTIN G. CAROLAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A retropharyngeal abscess is a potentially fatal deep neck infection. Classical symptoms include fever, neck swelling, sore throat, dysphagia, and cervical rigidity. Sometimes small children present with nonspecific symptoms. We report a rare case whereby the Ga-67 citrate scan was the first investigation to reveal an inflammatory process in the retropharyngeal or submastoid region of a 3-year-old child with sepsis. This directed the line of investigation to a more precise anatomic imaging modality, CT scanning, to localize the abscess. With prompt administration of intravenous antibiotics, the child recovered quickly and did not require surgery. The Ga-67 scan is thus a useful screening test to detect inflammatory foci because of its high sensitivity. It is also valuable in the follow-up of the patient’s response to therapy.
Persistence of Antibody after Oral Trivalent Poliovirus Vaccine (Sabin Strains)
Authors: V. J. Cabasso, H. Nozell, J. M. Ruegsegger, H. R. Cox
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

BECAUSE of the favorable rates of serum-antibody conversion obtained in a pilot study in Elkins, West Virginia, with two feedings of a trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine,1 the same vaccine was used in a mass vaccination program in Hillsborough County, Florida, in the early spring of 1962.2 In the Hillsborough County program 5 different lots of the trivalent vaccine were used. They represented mixtures of 5 consecutive lots of monovalent vaccine of each poliovirus type prepared from the Sabin vaccine strains by Lederle Laboratories in compliance with vaccine-licensing requirements.3 All 15 monovalent lots had passed all the prescribed tests, including . . .