tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pregnenolone Sulphate- and Cholesterol-Regulated TRPM3 Channels Coupled to Vascular Smooth Muscle Secretion and Contraction
Authors: Jacqueline Naylor, Jing Li, Carol J. Milligan, Fanning Zeng, Piruthivi Sukumar, Bing Hou, Alicia Sedo, Nadira Yuldasheva, Yasser Majeed, Dhananjay Beri, Shan Jiang, Victoria A.L. Seymour, Lynn McKeown, Bhaskar Kumar, Christian Harteneck, David O'Regan, Stephen B. Wheatcroft, Mark T. Kearney, Clare Jones, Karen E. Porter, David J. Beech
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM)3 is a calcium-permeable ion channel activated by the neurosteroid pregnenolone sulfate and positively coupled to insulin secretion in beta cells. Although vascular TRPM3 mRNA has been reported, there is no knowledge of TRPM3 protein or its regulation and function in the cardiovascular system.To determine the relevance and regulation of TRPM3 in vascular biology.TRPM3 expression was detected at mRNA and protein levels in contractile and proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells. Calcium entry evoked by pregnenolone sulfate or sphingosine was suppressed by TRPM3 blocking antibody or knock-down of TRPM3 by RNA interference. Low-level constitutive TRPM3 activity was also detected. In proliferating cells, channel activity was coupled negatively to interleukin-6 secretion via a calcium-dependent mechanism. In freshly isolated aorta, TRPM3 positively modulated contractile responses independently of L-type calcium channels. Concentrations of pregnenolone sulfate required to evoke responses were higher than the known plasma concentrations of the steroids, leading to a screen for other stimulators. beta-Cyclodextrin was one of few stimulators of TRPM3, revealing the channels to be partially suppressed by endogenous cholesterol, the precursor of pregnenolone. Elevation of cholesterol further suppressed channel activity and loading with cholesterol to generate foam cells precluded observation of TRPM3 activity.The data suggest functional relevance of TRPM3 in contractile and proliferating phenotypes of vascular smooth muscle cells, significance of constitutive channel activity, regulation by cholesterol, and potential value of pregnenolone sulfate in therapeutic vascular modulation.
Colonoscopy Screening in Black and White Patients—Reply
Authors: David A. Lieberman, Glenn M. Eisen, Cynthia D. Morris
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
QuantiGene 2.0 Assay for ER, PR and HER2 RNA Levels Is a Useful Adjunctive for the Evaluation of ER, PR and HER2 in Breast Cancer.
Authors: A. Lee, B. Chae, B. Song, S. Jung, H. Yim
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) is an established procedure in the routine treatment of patients with breast cancer, primarily to predict responses to hormonal therapy. HER2 IHC and FISH are also recommended to select patients for anti-HER2 based therapy. The IHC method for ER and PR is semi-quantitative and needs standardization. Furthermore, ER and PR RNA levels are continuous variables and quantitative measurement of ER levels can help predict the tamoxifen benefit breast cancer. In this study, the RNA levels of ER, PR and HER2 were measured using the QuantiGene 2.0 assay in formalin-fixed, paraffin- embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from breast cancer (n=40) and compared with conventional ER/PR IHC results and HER2 FISH results. There were no cases of discrepancy in ER status between staining with the SP1 antibody and staining with the 6F11 antibody; however, the ER score was statistically different between them (5.3 ± 3.3 vs. 4.9±3.2, P=0.02). One out of 40 cases (2.5%) showed a false negative result when performed using a 2mm representative tissue sample (TMA), and 1 out of 40 cases (2.5%) showed a discrepant ER status between the results using the Allred scoring system and the fractional scoring system. These results reconfirmed that various factors such as the primary antibodies used, interpretation methods and TMA vs. whole section, influence the results of IHC. When the cut-off values for ER, PR and HER2 RNA levels were 5.0, 7.2 and 50, respectively, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the QuantiGene 2.0 Assay were 96.6%, 90%, 96.7% and 90%, respectively, for ER; 89.7%, 81.8%, 92.9% and 75% for PR, and 83.3%, 96.4%, 90.9% and 93.1% for HER2. The Allred scores for ER and PR were correlated with RNA levels (P=0.046, R=0.32; P=0.00, R=0.61, respectively), and the HER2 FISH ratio was correlated with RNA levels (P=0.00, R=0.76). In conclusion, measuring ER, PR and HER2 RNA levels, which is known to have additional benefits in patient treatment, from FFPE tissue may be a helpful adjunctive in determining the status of ER, PR and HER2 in breast cancer. And the QuantiGene 2.0 assay, which does not require an RNA extraction step, uses FFPE samples, and expensive modern equipment, is easy to perform even in a small scale laboratory. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4153.
TCT-770 No Pre-dilatation Before Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with Self-Expandable Valve: Feasibility and Safety
Authors: Claudia Fiorina, Diego maffeo, Ermanna Chiari, Camilla Ciccarese, Marianna Adamo, Felicia Lipartiti, Giuliano Chizzola, Salvatore Curello, Aldo Manzato, Federica Ettori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Better ways to study penetrability with detection theory
Authors: Neil A. Macmillan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Signal detection theory (SDT) is best known as a method for separating sensitivity from bias. If sensitivity reflects early sensory processing and bias later cognition, then SDT can be use to study penetrability by asking whether cognitive manipulations affect sensitivity. This assumption is too simple, but SDT can nonetheless be helpful in developing specific methods of how sensory and cognitive information combine. Two such approaches are described.
Unusual Cytoplasmic Body in Lymphoid Cells of Homosexual Men with Unexplained Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Edwin P. Ewing, Thomas J. Spira, Francis W. Chandler, Carey S. Callaway, Russell K. Brynes, Wing C. Chan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Unexplained chronic generalized lymphadenopathy has recently been reported in homosexual men in several metropolitan areas in the United States.1 Lymph-node biopsies from these patients have shown reactive lymphoid hyperplasia by light microscopy. Concurrently, there have been reports of a new acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) manifested by neoplasms and opportunistic infections; this condition has appeared in the same time period, geographic locations, and population groups as the unexplained lymphadenopathy.2 3 4 5 Lymphadenopathy may represent an early stage of AIDS, since it has preceded this syndrome in many cases.5 , 6 Early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of AIDS have been seriously hampered by the lack of . . .
760 NATURAL HISTORY OF FIBROSIS PROGRESSION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION IN INDIA
Authors: S. Syed Hissar, M. Kumar, P. Tyagi, A. Goyal, P.V. Suneetha, S. Agarwal, A. Rastogi, P. Sakhuja, S.K. Sarin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease). Sixteen cases with a late follow-up of eight
Authors: L. T. Staheli
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Sixteen cases of infantile cortical hyperostosis were reviewed with a late follow-up evaluation of eight. An onset in early infancy, irritability, soft-tissue swelling, and cortical hyperostosis were the characteristic features of the disease. Undoubtedly, many cases go unrecognized, since two of the 16 cases were found incidentally when roentgenograms were made to evaluate the respiratory tract for unrelated problems. Seven infants had mandibular involvement alone, and in one other the scapula was the only bone affected. At late follow-up, all eight patients were asymptomatic. Two had mandibular asymmetry and one had synostoses between two ribs and between a tibia and fibula. The clustering of cases during the first years of the study suggests that the disease is due to an exogenous agent.
Elevation of Serum IL-17 Levels was Demonstrated after Oral Food Challenge in Infants with Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome
Authors: T. Shoda, K. Hashimoto, H. Morita, I. Nomura, A. Isozaki, Y. Ohya, T. Ichiyama, H. Saito, K. Matsumoto, Y. Kawano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Second-Opinion Trial in Patients Recommended for Coronary Angiography
Authors: Benjamin S. Warfel
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We were most interested in the recent article by Graboys et al<sup>1</sup>that concluded "as many as 50% of all coronary angiographies in the United States may be unnecessary." Based on the methods used and the conceptual organization of the study, we believe alternative explanations may account for their findings. The 168 patients in the study are not representative of all angiography patients. Self-referred patients seeking a second opinion are often individuals with significant doubts about the recommendation they received for angiography, perhaps for reasons other than those presented. The patients have relatively mild disease, whereas a typical population of patients with coronary angiography includes a substantial fraction who have had life-threatening symptoms, such as an acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina. Angiography is more likely to be appropriate for patients with these latter conditions. In addition, the patients included in this sample appear to prefer
Kenneth Simpson Jones
Authors: B. Steinberg
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Born in Cardiff, Kenneth Simpson Jones went to Cardiff High School. After qualifying from Westminster Medical School and completing several house jobs, he did two years’ National Service as a medical officer with the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) and then decided on a career in psychiatry. He took registrar positions at St Ebba’s Hospital and Epsom and Belmont Hospital. After these he was appointed as senior registrar in psychiatry at the Queen …
Studies of peripheral thyroxine distribution in thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism
Authors: John T. Nicoloff, J. Thomas Dowling
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

Compartmental analysis of the peripheral distribution of labeled thyroxine was applied to various groups of subjects with thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. It was observed that the hepatic incorporation of thyroxine was augmented in subjects with Graves' disease when compared to non-Graves' disease control groups at all levels of thyroid function. Decreased values of hepatic incorporation occurred in primary hypothyroid subjects. These lowered values were not acutely corrected by elevation of the serum thyroxine level, but were observed to be rectified after several months' therapy with exogenous thyroid hormone. These alterations of the hepatic thyroxine-(131)I incorporation were independently verified by direct quantitative liver scintiscan determinations. Employing a dual thyroxine tracer system, we were able to demonstrate that during the early phases of equilibration of a tracer dose of thyroxine, alterations in the rate of deiodination were observed to be present in the various thyroid disease states. Increased deiodination rates were found in subjects with Graves' disease and the reverse was noted in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Kinetic analysis of thyroxine compartmental distribution during this early phase of equilibration of a labeled thyroxine tracer indicated that the primary tissue uptake occurred in the liver. These findings supported the contention that the amount of labeled thyroxine incorporated in the liver may be directly related to the deiodination rate of thyroxine by that organ. The pathogenetic basis of these alterations is presently unknown.
ENHANCEMENT OF THE HEMOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE SECOND COMPONENT OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT BY OXIDATION
Authors: Margaret J. Polley, Hans J. Müller-Eberhard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

A method has been described for the chemical modification of human C'2 which results in a pronounced enhancement of its hemolytic activity and a marked increase in the stability of the intermediate complex EAC'1a,4,2a prepared with the modified C'2. Both effects are fully explained by the observed increase in activity and stability of the C'3 converting enzyme, C'4,2a, following its generation with modified C'2. Evidence has been presented in support of the hypothesis that the modification resulting from treatment of C'2 with a critical concentration of iodine consists of oxidation of one or more sulfhydryl group within the molecule.
Edward Donnall Thomas
Authors: B. Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Mast cells (MCs), which are granulated tissue-resident cells of hematopoietic lineage, constitute a major sensory arm of the innate immune system. In this review we discuss the evidence supporting the dual role of MCs, both as sentinels for invading pathogens and as regulatory cells throughout the course of acute inflammation, from its initiation to resolution. This versatility is dependent on the ability of MCs to detect pathogens and danger signals and release a unique panel of mediators to promote pathogen-specific clearance mechanisms, such as through cellular recruitment or vascular permeability. It is increasingly understood that MCs also contribute to the regulated contraction of immune activation that occurs within tissues as inflammation resolves. This overarching regulatory control over innate immune processes has made MCs successful targets to purposefully enhance or, alternatively, suppress MC responses in multiple therapeutic contexts.
Results of surgical resection for patients with large cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Takeshi Hanagiri, Souichi Oka, Satoru Takenaka, Tetsuro Baba, Manabu Yasuda, Kenji Ono, Tomoko So, Hidetaka Uramoto, Mitsuhiro Takenoyama, Kosei Yasumoto
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2010)

The clinical features of large cell carcinoma (LCC) of the lung have remained unclear due to the low incidence of the disease. This study investigated the clinicopathological features and the surgical outcome in patients with LCC. This study clinicopathologically evaluated 975 patients who had undergone a resection for non-small cell carcinoma between 1994 and 2007. There were 57 (5.8%) patients with LCC among them. The LCC patients included 49 males and 8 females and included 9 patients with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. All patients excluding 1 had a smoking habit. The mean smoking pack-year index was 49.9 in the patients with LCC, 27.1 in 625 patients with adenocarcinoma, and 52.5 in 266 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, and this was significantly higher in the patients with LCC than in those with adenocarcinoma. The mean tumor diameter was 38 mm for LCC, 28 mm for adenocarcinoma, and 39 mm for squamous cell carcinoma. The pathological stage was IA in 11 patients, IB in 11, II in 12, IIIA in 16, IIIB in 5, and IV in 2. The post-operative 5-year survival rate was 60.5% for LCC, 64.3% for large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, 67.0% for adenocarcinoma, and 50.1% for squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor diameter was significantly larger for LCC than for adenocarcinoma at the time of diagnosis. The proportion of smokers and the smoking pack-year index in patients with LCC were significantly higher than those of adenocarcinoma. The surgical results were similar between LCC and other non-small cell lung carcinomas.
CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF RETROPERITONEAL HEMORRHAGE AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN THE CURRENT PRACTICE ERA
Authors: Gabriel Maluenda, Lavinia Mitulescu, Itsik Ben-Dor, Michael Mahmoudi, Kohei Wakabayashi, Michael A. Gaglia, Manuel Gonzalez, Gaby Weissman, Ana Laynez, Gabriel Sardi, Rafael Romaguera, Rebecca Torguson, Zhenyi Xue, William O. Suddath, Lowell F. Satler, Kenneth M. Kent, Augusto D. Pichard, Nelson L. Bernardo, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Prevalence of articular chondrocalcinosis in elderly subjects in a rural area of Catalonia.
Authors: R Sanmarti, D Panella, M A Brancos, J Canela, A Collado, J Brugues
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

OBJECTIVES--To undertake an epidemiological survey of the prevalence of radiological chondrocalcinosis in the elderly population of Osona, a rural area of Catalonia, north east Spain. METHODS--Knee and wrist radiographs were performed on 261 subjects (141 women, 120 men) aged at least 60 years, who attended a series of 35 general practitioners for various medical problems. RESULTS--Twenty seven subjects had articular chondrocalcinosis, which represents a crude prevalence of 10%. Articular chondrocalcinosis was more often observed in women than in men (14 v 6%). Articular chondrocalcinosis increases in occurrence with age, rising from 7% in subjects aged 60-69 years to 43% in subjects older than 80 years. A similar occurrence of articular chondrocalcinosis was noted in the indigenous population, in which several cases of familial chondrocalcinosis have previously been reported, and in subjects born in other areas of Spain. All but one subject with articular chondrocalcinosis had chondrocalcinosis of the knee. The occurrence of rheumatic disorders did not differ significantly between subjects with articular chondrocalcinosis and those without. CONCLUSIONS--Articular chondrocalcinosis is an age related disorder, which could partly explain the discrepancies in its prevalence reported in previous studies. In most subjects with articular chondrocalcinosis recruited from an unselected population the clinical manifestations are probably mild or even absent.
Right ventricular function in idiopathic right ventricular tachycardia evaluated by doppler myocardial imaging: Comparison with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ana G. Almeda, Claudio David, Eduardo I. Oliveira, Luis M. Sargento, Joao R. Sousa, Sandra Rodriguez, Margarita Ribeiro, M-Celeste Vagueiro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Angiographic-pathologic correlations after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
Authors: T Naruko, M Ueda, A E Becker, O Tojo, M Teragaki, K Takeuchi, T Takeda
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND The local effect of coronary angioplasty is evaluated on the basis of postangioplasty angiograms. Smooth-walled dilation is considered to represent minimal or no injury, whereas intraluminal haziness corresponds with wall laceration. This study correlates the preangioplasty and postangioplasty angiograms with the histopathology of the target sites. METHODS AND RESULTS The study includes 12 patients, each undergoing an elective procedure, and covers 19 angioplasty sites. Smooth-walled dilation and intraluminal haziness were not mutually exclusive. The angiograms were interpreted as smooth-walled dilation (n = 3), smooth-walled dilation with intraluminal haziness (n = 4), intraluminal and extraluminal haziness (n = 5), extraluminal dissection (n = 5), spiraltype dissection (n = 1), and aneurysm (n = 1). The histology of the arterial segments revealed wall laceration in all. Smooth-walled dilation without intraluminal haziness correlated with laceration limited to the intima in two, but with medial injury in one. Smooth-walled dilation with intraluminal haziness correlated with laceration limited to the intima in two and with medial injury in two. Intraluminal and extraluminal haziness corresponded with extensive laceration with deep involvement of the media in each. Extraluminal dissection correlated with a dissection along the shoulder area of the plaque, creating a broad-based flap. The spiral-type dissection corresponded with a true dissection into the plaque-free media. The aneurysm correlated with partial washout of an atherosclerotic plaque. CONCLUSIONS The angiographic image of intraluminal and extraluminal haziness indicates extensive medial laceration. Smooth-walled dilation, with or without intraluminal haziness, is not a reliable indicator. The study emphasizes the need to reconsider the interpretations of postangioplasty coronary angiograms.
Aortoplasty in Infants with Coarctation
Authors: HAROLD KING, JOHN A. WALDHAUSEN
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Seven severely ill patients under the age of 6 months with coarctation of the aorta were treated by the new operative method of aorto-plasty. Six survived and were improved. The operative technic consists of a longitudinal incision, excision of the intimal diaphragm, and transverse closure of the aorta. The aortic obstruction can be quickly and completely relieved. Since the suture line extends for only [see figure in the PDF file] about one half of the vessel circumference, growth of the aorta at that site may prove to be more normal than that following resection and end-to-end anastomosis. It is our impression that the technical simplicity of this new technic will extend the usefulness and lower the mortality of surgical correction of coarctation of the aorta in infancy.
In hypertension with high CV risk, BP self-monitoring and medication self-titration reduced BP at 12 months
Authors: Dana J. Herrigel, Laura Rees Willett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation McManus RJ, Mant J, Haque MS, et al. Effect of self-monitoring and medication self-titration on systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: the TASMIN-SR randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014;312:799-808. 25157723