tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract and its association with lupus pernio.
Authors: E Neville, R G Mills, D K Jash, D M Mackinnon, L S Carstairs, D G James
Journal: Thorax (1976)

In a series of 34 patients with sarcoidosis affecting the upper respiratory tract and nose, 26 had lupus pernio (LP) and 17 had sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT). In nine patients these features coexisted. A patient presenting with SURT carried a 50% risk of developing LP although one feature could be present without the other. Both were disorders of women of the child-bearing years of life. SURT, like LP, was an indicator of chronic fibrotic sarcoidosis, developing insidiously and progressing indolently over the years. It was complicated by ulceration, septal perforation, and LP. Three patients had nasal septal perforations, in two instances following submucous resection. This operation is contraindicated in patients with active sarcoidosis, particularly when granulomas are found on nasal biopsy. The Kveim-Siltzbach skin test was positive in all patients with SURT, making it invaluable in the differential diagnosis of granuloma of the nasal cavity.
Metastatic Occult Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Richard J. Sampson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The case of metastatic occult follicular thyroid carcinoma reported by Boehm et al (235:2420,1976) is a rare exception to the good general rule that occult thyroid carcinomas are harmless tumors. In addition to the present case and the two others cited by the authors, I know of two cases of occult thyroid carcinoma that have metastasized beyond the local cervical nodes. Both were fatal cases reported in large series by Hazard<sup>1</sup>and ourselves.<sup>2</sup> Occult thyroid carcinomas are present in 5.7% to 13%<sup>3,4</sup>of recent American autopsy series and in up to 28% of Japanese and Japanese-American autopsy series.<sup>2,5</sup>Since there is no increase in the prevalence of these tumors with age and since they almost never cause death, an autopsy series is a good estimate of their frequency in the general population. Using these estimates, there should be small occult thyroid carcinomas in
Pneumothorax Following Induction of Anesthesia
Authors: Maynard S. Christian
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A 43-year-old man with chronic alcoholism was admitted to the hospital, subsequent to the destruction of his room by fire. He had sustained second- and third-degree burns which were estimated to involve 25% of his body surface area. The injuries involved his back, left arm, legs, and minor burns about the face. Initial hospital management was difficult, due to failure of cooperation and the development of delirium tremens. He remained febrile with a temperature of 100 to 102 F (37.8 to 38.9 C), and tachycardia was noted. Chest roentgenograms (Fig 1), electrocardiogram, serum electrolyte concentration, and hemoglobin level were within normal limits. On the 14th hospital day, the patient was brought to the operating room for debridement of the burns on his left arm and placement of a splint to correct incipient contractures. Because of the probability of respiratory tract injury, as reflected by voice loss, a regional anesthetic technique
Adult Health Advisor
Authors: Steven A. Toms
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Adult Health Advisor is a software package designed to aid the clinician in producing patient educational literature. It can be used to generate documents on more than 350 adult health topics ranging from abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy to yeast infection.  The program includes approximately 40% medical and 30% surgical topics; the remaining 30% is divided among preventive, diagnostic, and specialty-oriented materials. Information is conveyed with a question-and-answer format, written for the lay public without excessive technical language.  The broad array of subjects in the database is easily navigated through a menu-driven index. The categories are extensively cross-referenced, and the software permits the user to add additional references. Although easy to install, the system does require a hard drive with a minimum 1 megabyte of hard disk space and 256K of RAM. The program includes on-line help screens. The user's manual is well written and includes a toll-free telephone number for further
CORRECTABLE DEFECTS AND TUBERCULOSIS IN DRAFTED MEN
Authors: WILBUR A. SAWYER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The physical examinations in connection with the selective draft revealed many thousands of cases of early tuberculosis, not previously recognized, and a large number of other correctable defects. The purpose of the examinations was to exclude from the Army all men physically unfit for military service. The knowledge gained was of a sort to make possible the early treatment and control of a vast number of cases of tuberculosis, and the correction of many disabling physical defects of other sorts. Here was a chance to give to the men rejected for the causes mentioned opportunity to remove their handicaps and to become eligible for the fighting army or more efficient in the industrial army. In the absence of a national plan, the California State Board of Health attempted, in the short time available, to organize a system of follow-up examinations, treatment, and supervision for the men rejected during the first
Congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium: a sign of familial adenomatous polyposis.
Authors: P. D. Chapman, W. Church, J. Burn, A. Gunn
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Families of people known to have familial adenomatous polyposis are screened for signs of the disease by yearly examination of the bowel. Multiple areas of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium have been described in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. To assess the reliability of this marker 40 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, representing all 25 pedigrees with living affected members in the Northern region9s polyposis registry, were examined for hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. All had multiple lesions, ranging in number from two to over 40. None of the 35 controls had more than two lesions. Ocular examination is valuable for detecting carriers of the gene for familial adenomatous polyposis before their symptoms develop.
Hereditary Angioedema: Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Response with Berinert in a French Cohort in Patient Under 16 Years Old
Authors: Isabelle Boccon-Gibod, Anne Pagnier, David Launay, Jerome Laurent, Bernard Floccard, Ludovic Martin, Gisèle Kanny, Hasan Catovic, Anne Gompel, Laurence Bouillet
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Smoking Habits of Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins
Authors: L. Friberg, L. Kaij, S. J. Dencker, E. Jonsson
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Various epidemiological investigations?for example, Doll and Hill (1954, 1956), and Hammond and Horn (1954)?have, independently of each other, demonstrated higher morbidity and mortality from, inter alia, cardiac disease and pulmonary cancer in tobacco smokers as compared with non-smokers. These findings have often been cited as evidence of a direct causal association between smoking and the diseases in question. The planning of the inquiries and the interpretation of results, however, have been sharply criticized from several quarters. For instance, it has been pointed out that in many respects smokers differ essentially from non-smokers, and for this reason comparison between the two groups is not entirely warrantable. An important source of error in comparing smokers and non-smokers with respect to morbidity and mortality lies in the possibility of constitutional dissimilarities between the groups. It is thus conceivable that a common factor predisposes to the diseases as well as to excessive smoking. A study of a sufficient number of monozygotic twin pairs who differ in their smoking habits should substantially eliminate such sources of error and show the possibility of a causal connexion between smoking and disease. Before an investigation of morbidity and mortality can be embarked upon, therefore, the smoking habits of twins must be charted. An inquiry of this type should also indicate the importance of the genotype in relation to smoking habits. If, for instance, it is found that twins of monozygotic pairs are more alike in smoking habits than twins of dizygotic pairs, the suggestion is that constitutional factors may significantly influence these habits.
Environmental Aerobiological Studies in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: F. Beaumont, H. F. Kauffman, H. J. Sluiter, K. de Vries
Journal: Allergy (1984)

An aerobiological pilot study was undertaken to measure airborne concentrations of Aspergillus spores in and around the dwellings of two patients with allergic broncho‐pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). The aim of the investigation was 1) to find a specific source of Aspergillus antigen, and 2) to find out whether disease activity, or exacerbation, paralleled Aspergillus spore prevalence. In the environment of the first patient heavy spore contaminated air was found in a cow‐shed, and the adjacent hayloft and scullery. The patient experienced no typical exacerbation during the study period, probably because she now scrupulously avoided this source. The environment of the second patient contained lower spore concentrations in and around the house, and the patient had no typical exacerbation, possibly due to low‐intensity exposure. Both patients, however, had increased bronchial obstruction during periods with high Aspergillus spore content in the outside air. The results suggest that avoidance of Aspergillus spore sources and low overall exposure may play a major role in preventing exacerbation of the disease.
Intrahepatic pregnancy. A unique opportunity for evaluation with sonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: G. J. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE INCIDENCE of ectopic pregnancy ranges from one in 84 to one in 357 live births.1The most common site of implantation is within the fallopian tubes; abdominal pregnancies are unusual, and primary hepatic pregnancies are extremely rare. A computer search revealed only six cases2-7of placental attachment to the liver in the English-language literature since Cornell and Lash8reported eight cases in 1933. The presence of a fetus has been described in only two of these cases6,7; either chorionic villi or trophoblasts have been documented in the remaining reports. While preoperative angiography was described in one case,3newer imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and imaging with magnetic resonance (MR) have not been used in the diagnosis and evaluation of hepatic pregnancy. These techniques have a greater ability to define tissue planes, thus allowing more accurate diagnosis and preoperative planning by the
Brefeldin a inhibits the transcytotic vesicular transport of horseradish peroxidase in intrahepatic bile ductules isolated from rat liver
Authors: Antonio Benedetti, Luca Marucci, Cristina Bassotti, Carlo Guidarelli, Anne Marie Jezequel
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The fungal metabolite Brefeldin A (BFA) has become a valuable tool to address mechanisms of membrane transport in eukaryotic cells. The aim of the study was to investigate the action of BFA on the endocytic and transcytotic pathways in the biliary epithelium. Intrahepatic bile ductules were isolated from rat liver by collagenase digestion and mechanical separation of biliary tree from parenchymal tissue. Tissue remnants were first incubated in L-15 culture medium in absence or presence of BFA (10 or 20 mumol/L) or a BFA-inactive analog (B-36, 10 or 20 mumol/L) for 20 minutes at 37 degrees C. They were then exposed to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (10 mg/mL) for 3 minutes at 37 degrees C and finally prepared for electron microscopy immediately (time 0) or after further 5, 10, 15, 20, 60, or 120 minutes' incubation in HRP-free medium with or without BFA. In control cells, HRP was predominantly found in regularly shaped, spherical vesicles. In the presence of BFA but not of its analog, HRP was retained in a prominent tubular juxtanuclear network. Part of this network was labeled for thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPP), a Golgi enzyme marker. A morphometric analysis of HRP-containing structures was performed to quantify the intracellular distribution of HRP. In presence of BFA, the volume density (VD = % area) of HRP-containing structures in the basolateral region was not significantly different with respect to control cells at 0 (1.08 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.32 +/- 0.11) or 5 minutes, respectively (1.33 +/- 0.19 vs. 1.40 +/- 0.13). On the contrary, VD or HRP-containing structures in the apical region at 15 minutes decreased from 1.95 +/- 0.19 in control cells to 1.12 +/- 0.20 (P < .02) in BFA-treated cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEMPORAL BONE
Authors: G. W. BOOT
Journal: JAMA (1910)

tinal errors, and the causation of corneal ulcers.There is no question but that the ingestion of sweets, tea, coffee, and other articles of that character, will create a disturbance that is first manifested in the intestines or in the stomach, from there is transmitted to the nose and thence through the tear- duct to the eye.That is rather a circuitous route for the ' transmission of this vicious influence, but that is the course it *
Ipsilateral Thigh Hyperperfusion During Acute Testicular Torsion
Authors: ERKAN DEREBEK, FEZA M. AKG??R, ??ZLEM KUT, HATICE DURAK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 16-year-old boy was referred with a painful, red, and swollen left scrotum. The pain had begun 4 hours before admission. Tc-99m pertechnetate testicular scintigraphy showed a hypoactive area in the left side of the scrotum, suggesting left testicular torsion. In addition, increased perfusion was observed in the ipsllateral thigh. Hyperperfusion of the left thigh disappeared after the operation, as evidenced by repeat scintigraphic examination. It is suggested that the hyperperfusion was related to testicular torsion, probably by reflex prodromic impulse through the genitofemoral nerve. It should be noted that such vascular reflexes may be observed in the early phase of testicular torsion.
Management of hirsutism
Authors: O. Koulouri, G. S Conway
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>1262</b> <b>Objectives</b>: The combination of SPECT and spiral-CT in hybrid cameras offers the unique opportunity to register molecular information provided by SPECT to morphology. With this technology, the scanning area of the CT can be restricted to the area with abnormal findings on SPECT (SPECT-guided CT). The aim of the present study was to determine the value of this technique in patients with thyroid cancer exhibiting indeterminate lesions in I-131-whole-body scintigraphy. <b>Methods</b>: From March to December 2005, in our clinic, 150 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer had I-131-whole-body scans either for restaging or after ablative radioiodine therapy. Out of these, 25 were referred to SPECT/spiral-CT (Symbia T2; Siemens Medical Solutions) in order to evaluate areas with abnormal radioiodine uptake on the planar whole-body scintigraphy. Afterwards, the planar scans as well as the SPECT/CT images of these patients were retrospectively analyzed using the following 3-point-scale: 1, definitely benign; 2, indeterminate; 3, definitely malignant or clear residual thyroid tissue. <b>Results</b>: In total, 40 findings were described on the whole-body scintigraphies; 23 were classified as indeterminate and 17 as definitely malignant. Out of the 23 indeterminate findings, 16 findings corresponded to physiological uptake in the salivary glands, the esophagus or the bowel. Five findings correlated with residual thyroid tissue; one lesion corresponded to a bone metastasis in the lumbar spine and one lesion remained indeterminate also after the analysis of SPECT/CT. Ten out of the 17 findings classified as definitely malignant on planar whole-body scintigraphy were correlated with pathologic findings on CT. Out of five lesions classified as definitely malignant cervical or periclavicular lymph nodes, three corresponded to residual thyroid tissue or lobus pyramidalis, the remaining two had no pathological correlate and were classified as negative. In one case, SPECT/CT allowed for classification as superficial contamination. One lesion originally found to be definitely malignant on planar whole-body scintigraphy had to be classified as indeterminate after the analysis of SPECT/CT. <b>Conclusions</b>: SPECT-guided CT is able to clarify more than 90 % of findings with abnormal radioiodine uptake I-131-whole-body scintigraphy. Furthermore, SPECT/CT had an incremental diagnostic value in 21 out of 25 patients (84%). <b>Research Support (if any)</b>: Siemens Medical Solutions, business unit Molecular Imaging Europe, kindly provided the Symbia T2 SPECT/CT scanner used herein.
Ovarian Malignancy and Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: LAWRENCE BURKERT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

A 54-year-old woman developed significant hemolytic anemia after surgery and irradiation for an ovarian carcinoma. A hemolytic factor appeared transiently in her serum which, when incubated with autologous and normal erythrocytes, caused in vitro hemolysis. Further characteristics of this factor are unknown.
Bilateral Stenosis of Ureteral Orifices
Authors: Vincent J. O'Conor
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE RESPONSE of the bladder wall and intramural portion of the ureter to electrocoagulation is unpredictable. In 1921, when diathermic currents first became applicable for the destruction of bladder tumors, the late B. C. Corbus, Sr., and I coagulated the region of the ureteral orifice in a series of dogs. In most instances, a portion of the intramural ureter sloughed out leaving a patulous intravesical ureteral orifice. In a smaller number, the area underwent extreme fibrosis with subsequent contracture and stenosis of the ureteral orifice. In an extensive experience with open suprapubic operation for coagulation of bladder tumors, in both male and female, we found that about 75% of the tumors overlying a ureteral orifice could be deeply coagulated without subsequent scarring and narrowing of the orifice. In about a quarter of the patients who were followed carefully over the years, in whom tumor did not recur locally, subsequent narrowing
Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in California-Reply
Authors: John P. Pierce
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Mr Collett claims that our conclusion calling for a smoke-free workplace is not justified by the reported data. He cites studies funded by the tobacco industry indicating that a smoke-free workplace is not necessary to protect nonsmokers from exposure to ETS since special ventilation systems can minimize contamination by ETS from designated smoking areas to nonsmoking areas. The issue is whether there is a threshold under which exposure to ETS is safe and over which it is harmful to the health of a nonsmoker. We know of no such safe level of ETS exposure. In fact, the Environmental Protection Agency has just classified ETS as a class A carcinogen on a par with asbestos and radon. Thus, we take the position that any exposure to ETS at all is to be avoided. In our study, we asked whether during the past 2 weeks the respondent had anyone smoke
Non‐transferrin bound iron in Thalassemia: Differential detection of redox active forms in children and older patients
Authors: William Breuer, Hussam Ghoti, Ahmmad Shattat, Ada Goldfarb, Ariel Koren, Carina Levin, Eliezer Rachmilewitz, Z. Ioav Cabantchik
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI) is commonly detected in patients with systemic iron overload whose serum iron-binding capacity has been surpassed. It has been perceived as an indicator of iron overload, impending organ damage and a chelation target in poly-transfused thalassemia patients. However, NTBI is a heterogeneous entity comprising various iron complexes, including a significant redox-active and readily chelatable fraction, which we have designated as "labile plasma iron" (LPI). We found that LPI levels can be affected by plasma components such as citrate, uric acid, and albumin. However, the inclusion of a mild metal mobilizing agent in the LPI assay (designated here as "eLPI"), at concentrations that do not affect transferrin-bound iron, largely overcomes such effects and provides a measure of the full NTBI content. We analyzed three distinct groups of poly-transfused, iron overloaded thalassemia patients: non-chelated children (3-13 yrs, Gaza, Palestine), chelated adolescents-young adults (13-28 yrs, Israel), and chelated adults (27-61 yrs, Israel) for LPI and eLPI. The eLPI levels in all three groups were roughly commensurate (r(2) = 0.61-0.75) with deferrioxamine-detectable NTBI, i.e., DCI. In older chelated patients, eLPI levels approximated those of LPI, but in poly-transfused unchelated children eLPI was notably higher than LPI, a difference attributed to plasma properties affected by labile iron due to lack of chelation, possibly reflecting age-dependent attrition of plasma components. We propose that the two formats of NTBI measurement presented here are complementary and used together could provide more comprehensive information on the forms of NTBI in patients and their response to chelation.
Residency Training in Internal Medicine
Authors: ALICE M. GODFREY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1986Residency Training in Internal MedicineALICE M. GODFREY, M.D.ALICE M. GODFREY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-5-808_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I have followed with interest the article (1), editorials (2, 3), and correspondence regarding training in internal medicine. Anyone concerned with postgraduate medical training should read "Honest Mistakes" in the July issue of Esquire (4). The author describes, in vivid, authentic, and harrowing detail, a day in the life of a housestafF team in a typical public hospital. One cannot fail to be reminded painfully of one's own experiences as a house officer or to reflect on the sad expense of effort, time, and money that these hard-working young doctors lavish so unproductively on their tasks.The...References1. SCHROEDERSHOWSTACKGERBERT SJB. Residency training in internal medicine: time for a change? Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:554-61. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GELLHORN A. Graduate medical education in internal medicine [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:569-70. LinkGoogle Scholar3. LEWIS C. Training in internal medicine: time to retool the factory [Editorial]? Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:570-2. LinkGoogle Scholar4. KLASS P. Honest mistakes. Esquire. 1986;106(1):47-53. Google Scholar5. GORDONHUBBELLWYLECHARTER GFFR. Stress during internship. J Gen Intern Med. 1986;1:228-31. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 2427 Benjamin Drive; Mountain View, CA 94043 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1986Volume 105, Issue 5Page: 808-808KeywordsResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...