tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical staining of cutaneous tumours with G-81, a monoclonal antibody to dermcidin
Authors: Y. Minami, K. Uede, K. Sagawa, A. Kimura, T. Tsuji, F. Furukawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Recently, the novel antimicrobial peptide named dermcidin (DCD) was reported in human eccrine sweat glands.We investigated the expression of DCD in a variety of cutaneous tumours in order to assess the usefulness of the monoclonal antibody (G-81), which recognizes a fragment of DCD.We studied the immunoreactivity of the G-81 antibody on 197 cutaneous tumours.A total of 13 of 26 cutaneous mixed tumours showed substantial immunoreactivity. In contrast all the following cases were completely unreactive: (i) epithelial tumours (seborrhoeic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen's disease, actinic keratosis, genital Paget's disease); (ii) follicular tumours (basal cell carcinoma, trichilemmoma, trichoepithelioma, trichoblastoma, keratoacanthoma, proliferating trichilemmal tumour, pilomatricoma); (iii) melanocytic tumours (malignant melanoma, naevus cell naevus, Spitz naevus, blue naevus); (iv) neural tumours (schwannoma, neurofibroma, Merkel cell neoplasm); (v) mesenchymal tumours (soft fibroma, dermatofibroma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, vascular leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, lipoma, juvenile xanthogranuloma, angiomyoma); and (vi) other sweat gland tumours (poroid neoplasms, syringoma, cylindroma, clear cell hidradenoma, spiradenoma, syringoid eccrine carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, apocrine cystadenoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, apocrine adenocarcinoma). Twenty-six cutaneous mixed tumours were considered from histopathological findings to be the apocrine type, but 13 of 26 mixed tumours contained some DCD-immunopositive cells that possibly differentiate into eccrine secretory glands.We found the expression of DCD in tubular structures of 50% of cutaneous mixed tumours with apocrine differentiation. These results suggest that a number of cutaneous mixed tumours show both eccrine and apocrine differentiation in the same neoplasm.
A practical guide to interpretation and clinical application of personal genomic screening
Authors: E. Edelman, C. Eng
Journal: BMJ (2009)

#### Summary points

Researchers are identifying genetic associations for common diseases at a rapid pace. With enormous amounts of genome-wide association data available, several for-profit companies worldwide have developed testing services to provide clients with predictions about their risks for a broad spectrum of medical and non-medical conditions and traits—from ancestry grouping, to earwax type, to prostate cancer. Many of these companies provide services direct to the consumer, without input or authorisation from a doctor or other healthcare provider.

#### Sources and selection criteria

Because of the various types of genetic associations analysed and the rapid evolution of tests offered by personal genomic screening companies, data on evidence based assessments of these services are limited. We searched PubMed for combinations of terms such as “direct-to-consumer”, “personal-genomic testing”, “personal-genomic profile”, “clinical utility”, “clinical validity”, and “evidence” to identify studies assessing the current state of evidence.

We searched the Genetics and Public Policy Center at Johns Hopkins University and the Human Genetics Commission’s 2007 report More Genes Direct to identify direct to consumer genetic testing companies that provide personal genomic scanning for multiple conditions. We reviewed the websites of many of the companies. 

Doctors may be asked for advice on medical matters that arise …
Analysis of human antitopoisomerase-I idiotypes.
Authors: D Vazquez-Abad, V Pascual, M Zanetti, N F Rothfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Antibodies to topoisomerase-I are present in approximately 26% of patients with scleroderma and are rarely found in patients with other diseases. In the current study, the expression of the antitopoisomerase-I (antitopo-I) idiotype from two scleroderma patients (E.M. and S.G.) and from a healthy individual (N.M.) were studied. Idiotype EM-SCL was restricted to the three classes of antitopo-I, whereas idiotypes SG-SCL and NM were found in all classes of antitopo-I as well as in their non-antitopo-I Igs. Sera from 9 of 10 antitopo-I-positive unrelated scleroderma patients expressed idiotype SG-SCL and some also expressed idiotype NM. Sera from N.M.'s 3 daughters and from 7 of 18 nonrelated normals expressed idiotype NM in the three immunoglobulin classes of non-antitopo-I. Two of the antitopo-I antibodies expressed a cross-reacting idiotype (CRI) that is present in non-antitopo-I antibodies from the same donor. Contrary to the natural CRI, SG-SCL's CRI is closely associated with the antigen binding site. Antitopo-I idiotypes are on the heavy chains. Like many other autoantibodies, Id-SG-SCL use VH4.2-1, DXP1, and JH4 in germline configuration.
"ATTITUDE OF CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS IN THE PRESENT EPIDEMIC OF INFLUENZA"
Authors: Walter H. Van Zwoll
Journal: JAMA (1918)

To the Editor:  —In quoting from an incomplete and incorrect report of an announcement in which Christian scientists were urged by the Christian science board of directors to help their country meet the epidemic situation, a physician's letter in your issue of October 19 is misleading. By implication this writer seeks to give the mistaken impression that Christian scientists do not observe the regulations of the health authorities.  Christian scientists are widely known to be law abiding citizens. They are taught not to disregard the differing views of others, and to observe the orders of duly constituted authority relating to quarantine and contagion. The churches in Boston were not ordered closed by health authorities —merely requested—and in maintaining its services the mother church was in accord with the view of our Chicago health authorities who held that church services were deemed necessary to the maintenance of the public morale.
TCT-61 Infarct Size-Determined Uptake of CD34+ Cells in the Peri-Infarct Zone and Left Ventricular Remodeling: Insights from Integration of Labeled Cells Uptake SPECT Visualization with Sequential Cardiac MRI
Authors: Piotr Musialek, Lukasz Tekieli, Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Tomasz Miszalski-Jamka, Wojciech Szot, Wojciech Mazur, R. Pawel Banys, Marcin Majka, Danuta Jarocha, Zbigniew Walter, Dean Kereiakes, Krzysztof Zmudka, Piotr Podolec, Wojciech Wojakowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
What causes focal restenosis at the margins of Palmaz-Schatz stents? A serial intravascular ultrasound study
Authors: Rainer Hoffman, Gary S. Mintz, Jeffrey J. Popma, Augusto D. Pichard, Lowell F. Satler, Kenneth M. Kent, Jennifer Griffin, Theresa Bucher, Rolf Fuessl, Mary K. Kehoe, Donna Hunn, Debra Deforty, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
The Wildcat and the Fury And a Tiger at the Wheel
Authors: H. L. Arnold
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Apropos of your commendable interest in the prevention of automobile casualties I think you would be interested in the ideas of a psychiatrist friend of mine about the matter. He is of the opinion that emotional reactions, particularly in the younger driver, are responsible for a lot of motor accidents. I agree with him. He is also of the opinion that the emotional reaction, particularly of the younger driver, might be adversely affected and seriously so by knowing that he was driving a car named "Fury" or "Wildcat" or "Tiger" or some similar name. I am also of that opinion. This is probably not a serious matter but it seems to me that the companies are endeavoring to instill in the mind of the owner of the car that he has something capable of furious activity.
Usefulness of the Valsalva maneuver in management of the long QT syndrome.
Authors: A Mitsutake, A Takeshita, A Kuroiwa, M Nakamura
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Exercise or isoproterenol infusion may evoke ventricular arrhythmias in patients with the long QT syndrome. We examined the electrocardiographic effects of the Valsalva maneuver in eight patients with the long QT syndrome and nine healthy subjects. The Valsalva maneuver lengthened the QTc interval in both groups, but the lengthening was greater in the patients. In the patients who were having frequent attacks of ventricular tachycardia, the Valsalva-induced prolongation of the QTc interval was particularly remarkable and was associated with the development of T-wave alternans and short runs of ventricular tachycardia. Propranolol effectively suppressed the lengthening of the QTc interval during Valsalva strain and prevented Valsalva-induced ventricular arrhythmia. These results suggest that the Valsalva maneuver may be useful in evaluating the risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and the efficacy of drug treatment in patients with the long QT syndrome.
Genetic analysis of β-thalassemia intermedia in Israel: Diversity of mechanisms and unpredictability of phenotype
Authors: Deborah Rund, Varda Oron-Karni, Dvora Filon, Ada Goldfarb, Eliezer Rachmilewitz, Ariella Oppenheim
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Molecular analysis was performed on 95 Israeli patients with thalassemia intermedia, representing 60 families of Arab (Moslem and Christian), Jewish, Druze, and Samaritan origin. There was a wide range of phenotypic severity, with baseline hemoglobin levels ranging from 5.5 to 10.7. Eighteen thalassemia mutations were found (29 genotypes), which were subdivided into groups, according to the severity of mutations. A consistently mild phenotype (10 families) was caused by compound heterozygosity for a silent mutation, such as −101 C-T or by coexistence of triplicated α-globin genes with thalassemia trait. In 39 thalassemia intermedia families, the genotype which was found was one which led to severe thalassemia intermedia, or, in other families, was associated with thalassemia major. Elevated hemoglobin F ameliorated the disease in some patients with a severe genotype. We did not find a beneficial effect of concurrent α-thalassemia in any of the families studied. In 11 families, only one β-thalassemia allele was identified. One was a dominant thalassemia intermedia allele. Three additional families with heterozygous β-thalassemia had excess α-globin genes (5 or 6 total). In 7 of these heterozygotes, no explanation was found for the thalassemia intermedia phenotype. Our results suggest a substantial influence of as yet unknown genetic modifiers. These findings have important implications for prenatal diagnosis and for the genetic counseling of families with thalassemia intermedia. Am. J. Hematol. 54:16–22, 1997 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Patients with Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Treated with Docetaxel and Estramustine: A Single Institution Experience
Authors: Aristotle Bamias, George Bozas, Nikolaos Antoniou, Iraklis Poulias, Harilaos Katsifotis, Andreas Skolarikos, Dionysios Mitropoulos, Christos Alamanis, Gerassimos Alivizatos, Haralambos Deliveliotis, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: European Urology (2007)
HISTORY AND PRESENT STATUS OF OXYGEN THERAPY AND RESUSCITATION
Authors: RALPH M. TOVELL
Journal: JAMA (1941)

During the past twenty years there has been a growing appreciation that oxygen therapy and resuscitation are valuable adjuncts in the physician's armamentarium. Although both are in the infancy of their development, their history may be traced through many years. In ancient times air was considered one of the four elements, and the clinical manifestations of many diseases were attributed to it. Early medical writings record the use of various procedures to stimulate respiration, the function of which was thought to be the cooling of the blood. Under such conditions it is little wonder that attempts to revive those apparently dead had a rather variable fate. The earliest and most successful of these methods was mouth to mouth insufflation, an example of which is found in the Bible.<sup>1</sup>Elisha is said to have restored to life the son of a Shulamite woman by breathing into the mouth of the
Concepts in artificial organisms
Authors: Angelo Cangelosi, Domenico Parisi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Simulations with neural networks living in a virtual environment can be used to explore and test hypotheses concerning concepts and language. The advantages that result from this approach include (1) the notion that a concept can be precisely defined and examined, (2) that concepts can be studied in both nonverbal and verbal artificial organisms, and (3) concepts have properties that depend on the environment as well as on the organism's adaptive behavior in response to the environment.
Nutrition and lung health
Authors: M K Sridhar
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Should people at risk of chronic obstructive lung disease eat more fruit and vegetables?

In striking contrast to the relation between diet and cardiovascular disease, the relation between diet and lung disease has not received much attention. Standard texts on nutrition make little or no reference to the respiratory system.1 Two reasons help to explain this relative neglect. Firstly, the most common fatal diseases of the respiratory system—lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease—are so clearly related to tobacco smoking that other factors have had little scrutiny. Secondly, even in those respiratory diseases in which nutrition is believed to play an important part (for example, cystic fibrosis and emphysema), the relation between nutrition and the disease is not directly causal. This has made investigation of the place of nutrition in the pathological process unattractive. Interesting new evidence is, however, beginning to emerge from sources as varied as molecular biology laboratories and epidemiological units. This suggests that a relation may exist between intake of certain dietary elements and lung disease—and that the links may have a practical importance.

In 1990 an analysis of data from a representative sample of adults in the United States suggested that a high dietary intake and a raised serum concentration of vitamin C had a protective effect …
Comminuted Fracture of the Proximal Femur in a 16-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dr. Bierbaum: This was the first Massachusetts General Hospital admission for this 16-year-old high school junior, whose chief complaint was pain in the left hip. Approximately 24 hours prior to admission, the patient was struck by an automobile while crossing the street in front of her home. She sustained injuries to the left forearm and hip, and received initial treatment at the community hospital. This included intravenous fluids, closed reduction, and plaster immobilization of the left forearm and a splint to the left lower extremity.  The following day she was transferred to the Massachusetts General Hospital by ambulance. She presented as a pale, thin, somnolent adolescent who was fully oriented. On examination, the blood pressure was 130/80 mm Hg, the pulse 140 beats per minute, and respirations 24 per minute. The left upper extremity was in a long arm cast and the left leg in a Thomas splint. Circulation and
TCT-502 Efficacy and safety of switching from clopidogrel to prasugrel in diabetic patients with acute coronary syndromes treated with drug-elunting stents: results of the ESCAPADA study
Authors: Armando Pérez de Prado, Belen Cid, Pilar Carrillo Saez, Alejandro Diego, Carlos Cuellas, Diego Lopez-Otero, Alberto Cordero, María López-Benito, Raymundo Ocaranza-Sanchez, Tania Rodriguez-Gabella, Araceli Frutos, Rodrigo Estevez-Loureiro, Soraya Merchan Gomez, Ramiro Trillo, Ramon Lopez Palop, Felipe Fernández-Vázquez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Genome-wide association analysis of eosinophilic esophagitis provides insight into the tissue specificity of this allergic disease
Authors: Leah C Kottyan, Benjamin P Davis, Joseph D Sherrill, Kan Liu, Mark Rochman, Kenneth Kaufman, Matthew T Weirauch, Samuel Vaughn, Sara Lazaro, Andrew M Rupert, Mojtaba Kohram, Emily M Stucke, Katherine A Kemme, Albert Magnusen, Hua He, Phillip Dexheimer, Mirna Chehade, Robert A Wood, Robbie D Pesek, Brian P Vickery, David M Fleischer, Robert Lindbad, Hugh A Sampson, Vincent A Mukkada, Phil E Putnam, J Pablo Abonia, Lisa J Martin, John B Harley, Marc E Rothenberg
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Abstract 2420: Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) expressing survivin combined with gemcitabine generates specific antitumor effects in a murine pancreatic carcinoma model
Authors: Hidenobu Ishizaki, Edwin Manuel, Tumul Srivastava, Guang-Yun Song, Don J. Diamond, Joshua D.I. Ellenhorn
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Survivin is overexpressed by 70-80% of pancreatic cancers, and is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and a poor prognosis. Gemcitabine has been a standard treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer for a decade. Recent reports have demonstrated that gemcitabine treatment attenuates the tumor-suppressive environment by eliminating CD11b+/Gr-1+ myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). It may also enhance the effect of cancer vaccines. The highly attenuated strain of vaccinia, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) has been employed as a vaccine vector to deliver a tumor associated antigen, and MVA vaccines have demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and evidence of clinical benefit in patients with cancer. We hypothesize that a cancer vaccine targeting survivin can achieve enhanced efficacy when use in combination with gemcitabine. In this study, we tested this hypothesis using an MVA expressing full-length murine survivin. The poorly immunogenic mouse pancreas adenocarcinoma cell line, Pan02, which express murine survivin and syngeneic to C57BL/6, was used for this study. To develop an established tumor model, mice were challenged with 2.5 × 105 Pan02 cells by subcutaneous injection. When the tumors were palpable and reached 4 to 5 mm in diameter, mice were immunized twice at a 1-week interval with 5 × 107 pfu of MVA-survivin or control MVA. Immunization with MVA-survivin resulted in a modest therapeutic antitumor effect on established Pan02 tumors. Gemcitabine (60mg/kg) was administrated 48 hours before first immunization. Mice treated with a control MVA or PBS with gemcitabine all died of progressive tumor by day 35. When administered with gemcitabine, MVA-survivin immunization resulted in significant tumor regression and prolonged survival. The enhanced vaccine efficacy is in part due to decreased CD11b+/Gr-1+ MDSCs. To analyze the survivin specific immune response to MVA-survivin immunization, we utilized a peptide library of 15mers with 11 residues overlapping from full-length murine survivin. Splencytes from mice immunized with MVA-survivin produced intracellular γ-interferon in response to in vitro stimulation with the overlapping peptide library. These data suggest that vaccination with MVA-survivin in combination with gemcitabine represents an attractive strategy to overcome tumor-induced peripheral immune tolerance, and this effect may be associated with a clinical benefit in pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2420.
Improvement of Left Ventricular Function After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Is Predicted by Tissue Doppler Imaging Echocardiography
Authors: Martin Penicka, Jozef Bartunek, Bernard De Bruyne, Marc Vanderheyden, Marc Goethals, Marc De Zutter, Pedro Brugada, Peter Geelen
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Cardiac resynchronization therapy was shown to reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). However, the prediction of benefit is controversial. We aimed to investigate predictive factors of LV functional recovery and reversed remodeling after biventricular pacing. Methods and Results— Forty-nine consecutive patients with CHF and a wide QRS complex (182±32 ms) were studied by echocardiography before resynchronization. Intraventricular and interventricular asynchrony and their combination were assessed by pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging from measurements of regional electromechanical coupling times in basal segments of the right and left ventricle. At 6-month follow-up, responders were defined by a relative increase in LV ejection fraction ≥25% compared with baseline (n=27). Receiver operating curve analysis revealed the degree of intraventricular asynchrony (area under the curve=0.77), interventricular asynchrony (area under the curve=0.69), and their combination (area under the curve=0.84) as the best predictors of functional recovery after resynchronization. In addition, the degree of intraventricular and interventricular asynchrony correlated significantly with the improvement of LV ejection fraction ( r =0.73, P &lt;0.0001), end-diastolic diameter ( r =−0.59, P &lt;0.0001), and end-systolic diameter ( r =−0.48, P &lt;0.001) at follow-up. QRS duration and conventional echo-Doppler indices were not predictive of reversed LV remodeling. Conclusions— In patients with CHF, the degree of intraventricular and interventricular asynchrony and their combination are the best predictive factors of LV functional recovery and reversed remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Transgenic rat hearts expressing a human cardiac troponin T deletion reveal diastolic dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: N Frey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Objective: Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) due to mutations of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is associated with a high frequency of sudden death even in the absence of cardiac hypertrophy. To investigate the causal relationship of cTnT mutations and this particular phenotype, we sought to establish a transgenic rat model for the disease. Methods: Transgenic rats were generated expressing human wild-type cTnT or two truncated cTnT molecules (del ex16, del ex15/16), resulting from an intron 15 splice donor site mutation previously observed in FHC patients. Transgenic rat hearts were characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry and in the 'working heart'. Results: Human wild-type and del ex16 cTnT were stably expressed and incorporated into the sarcomere of transgenic cardiomyocytes. Del ex16 transgenic rats revealed a lower level of expression (4–5%) than human wt cTnT animals (25–40%). In the 'working heart' model del ex16 hearts exhibited significant systolic and diastolic dysfunction without cardiac hypertrophy. In contrast, human wt cTnT hearts showed improved contractile performance and moderate myocardial hypertrophy. After 6 months of daily physical exercise one del ex16 rat died suddenly and three out of five del ex16 hearts revealed ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. No arrhythmia was observed in human wt cTnT expressors. Myofibrillar disarray was present in del ex16 hearts after training but not in human wild-type cTnT rats or non-transgenic controls. Conclusion: A human cTnT deletion overexpressed in transgenic rats exerts a dominant-negative effect and mimics the phenotype of FHC with diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmias. By contrast, human cTnT wild-type animals reveal a gain of function and cardiac hypertrophy without arrhythmias.