tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SYMPTOMS OF CANCER OF THE UTERUS.
Authors: JOHN G. CLARK
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Notwithstanding the almost innumerable articles which have recently been published on cancer of the uterus, there has not been one pathognomonic sign or symptom discovered which will point unerringly or even with approximate certainty to the onset of this disease. The established fact that more than 65 per cent. of cases of cancer are turned away from our hospitals as inoperable, and that of those presumably operable only a very small percentage are ultimately cured, is a very serious reflection on our ability to make an early diagnosis in these cases. <h3>EVIL OF PROCRASTINATION.</h3> As the matter stands the blame largely, but not wholly, rests on our profession, for our women patients too often pursue such a procrastinating policy that nothing can be done by the time they consult a physician. While we usually attribute our bad results to this source, we can not support it by the past history
New day centre offers hope for "heartsink" patients
Authors: C Court
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Britain's first specialised day service to treat difficult patients with long term neurotic disorders, often referred to by general practitioners as “heartsink” patients, has been opened in south London. The service, to be called the Cawley Centre, has been launched by the Bethlem and Maudsley NHS Trust and the Institute of Psychiatry.

The centre will provide treatment for patients who will typically have consulted general practitioners or local psychiatric services for many years. These patients' treatment is characterised by frequent consultation and multiple …
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN 2011 ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR APPROPRIATE USE CRITERIA FOR TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL IMPACT
Authors: Susan Matulevicius, Anand Rohatgi, Andres de Luna, Angela Price, Sandeep Das, Sharon Reimold
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effects of drugs and anticytokine antibodies on expression of ATP2A2 and ATP2C1 in cultured normal human keratinocytes
Authors: N. Mayuzumi, S. Ikeda, H. Kawada, H. Ogawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Darier's disease (DD) and Hailey–Hailey disease (HHD) are skin disorders arising, respectively, from autosomal dominant mutations in ATP2A2, encoding the sacro/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase, and ATP2C1, encoding the Golgi apparatus calcium ATPase. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation exacerbates the skin lesions, which can be treated with corticosteroids and retinoids. Objectives To investigate the molecular basis for DD and HHD. Methods We used quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reactions to examine the effects of UVB irradiation on ATP2A2 and ATP2C1 mRNA levels in cultured normal keratinocytes. Results We observed that UVB irradiation reduced ATP2A2 and ATP2C mRNA levels. The addition of retinoids or corticosteroids to the cell culture inhibited the UVB‐induced suppression of both ATP2A2 and ATP2C1 mRNA levels, and UVB‐induced suppression of ATP2C1 mRNA was also inhibited by the addition of ciclosporin, tacrolimus and vitamin D3. The addition of anti‐interleukin (IL)‐6 antibody to the cell culture prevented the UVB‐induced suppression of ATP2A2 and ATP2C1 mRNA; in contrast, the addition of anti‐IL‐8 antibody slightly accelerated the suppression. Conclusions These results suggest that drugs effective for DD and HHD act by modulating ATP2A2 and ATP2C1 mRNA expression, respectively, and that the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and IL‐8 play important roles in the regulation of ATPA2 and ATP2C1 expression in homeostasis and/or inflammation of the skin.
The lupus syndrome induced by hydralazine: a common complication with low dose treatment.
Authors: H A Cameron, L E Ramsay
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The true incidence of the lupus syndrome induced by hydralazine was determined in a longitudinal study of 281 patients consecutively starting hydralazine for hypertension over a 51 month period. Data on the duration of treatment and the maximum dose achieved were examined using life table analysis. After three years9 treatment with hydralazine the incidence of the lupus syndrome was 6.7% (95% confidence limits 3.2-10.2%). The incidence was dose dependent, with no cases recorded in patients taking 50 mg daily and incidences of 5.4% with 100 mg daily and of 10.4% with 200 mg daily. The incidence was higher in women (11.6%) than in men (2.8%). In women taking 200 mg daily the three year incidence was 19.4%. Hydralazine is an effective antihypertensive drug that has come to be used in restricted dosage (not more than 200 mg daily) because of its risk of inducing the lupus syndrome. This study shows that the true incidence of the syndrome is still unacceptably high even when the drug is prescribed according to current recommendations.
Lymphangiosarcoma Following Post-mastectomy Lymphoedema
Authors: J. H. Kettle
Journal: BMJ (1957)

Oedema of the arm has always been regarded as one of the most troublesome complications of radical mastec- tomy.It is not generally realized, however, that it can, if long continued, be complicated by the development of a lymphangiosarcoma, which has proved rapidly fatal in almost every case observed.Lymphangiosarcoma occurring in a lymphoedematous arm was first described in 1948 by Stewart and Treves.These authors reported six cases, and since then single case reports have brought the total to not more than 20.Nevertheless, it is considered that this rarity is more apparent than real, and that many of these tumours go unrecognized or are misdiagnosed as recurrences of mammary carcinoma.
Effects of Prostaglandin Cyclic Endoperoxides on the Lung Circulation of Unanesthetized Sheep
Authors: Ronald E. Bowers, Earl F. Ellis, Kenneth L. Brigham, John A. Oates
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Although prostaglandins E(2) and F(2alpha) have been suggested as mediators of the pulmonary hypertension seen after endotoxin infusion or during alveolar hypoxia, their precursors, the endoperoxides (prostaglandins G(2) and H(2)) are much more potent vasoconstrictors in vitro. In this study we compared the effects of prostaglandin (PG)H(2), a stable 9-methylene ether analogue of PGH(2) (PGH(2)-A), PGE(2), and PGF(2alpha) on pulmonary hemodynamics in awake sheep. The animals were prepared to allow for measurement of (a) lung lymph flow; (b) plasma and lymph protein concentration; (c) systemic and pulmonary vascular pressures; and (d) cardiac output. We also determined the effect of prolonged PGH(2)-A infusions on lung fluid balance and vascular permeability by indicator dilution methods, and by assessing the response of lung lymph. Both PGH(2) and PGH(2)-A caused a dose-related increase in pulmonary artery pressure: 0.25 mug/kg x min tripled pulmonary vascular resistance without substantially affecting systemic pressures. Both were 100 times more potent than PGE(2) or PGF(2alpha) in this preparation. PGH(2)-A, as our analysis of lung lymph and indicator dilution measurements show, does not increase the permeability of exchanging vessels in the lung to fluid and protein. It does, however, augment lung fluid transport by increasing hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary circulation. We conclude: (a) that PGH(2) is likely to be an important mediator of pulmonary vasoconstriction; (b) its effects are probably not a result of its metabolites PGE(2) or PGF(2alpha).
Comparison of prescription costs within a group practice.
Authors: L Baumgard, P Frank, J A Rees, K Shearer
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Records of prescriptions that originated from one group practice and were dispensed at one pharmacy were maintained for one year. The information recorded included the age and sex of the patients, the name of the prescribing doctor, and the drug(s) prescribed and their cost. Analysis of the records showed considerable differences in average prescription costs among doctors. For all the major therapeutic groups, repeat prescriptions were more expensive than new prescriptions, children had cheaper prescription costs than adults, and prescriptions for women were cheaper than those for men. Within an age-sex group or a therapeutic group, however, prescription costs were similar for each doctor. These results indicate that the differences in overall prescribing costs among doctors were not due to different management of the same disorders, but were due to different types of patients being seen.
Abstract 805: Simultaneous copy number gains of NUPR1 and ERBB2 predicting poor prognosis in early-stage breast cancer.
Authors: Yeun-Jun Chung, Seung-Hyun Jung, Ahwon Lee, Seon-Hee Yim
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The full extent of chromosomal alterations and their biological implications in early breast carcinogenesis has not been well examined. In this study, we aimed to identify chromosomal alterations associated with poor prognosis in early-stage breast cancers (EBC). A total of 145 EBCs (stage I and II) were examined in this study. We analyzed copy number alterations in a discovery set of 48 EBCs using oligoarray-comparative genomic hybridization. In addition, the recurrently altered regions (RARs) associated with poor prognosis were validated using an independent set of 97 EBCs. A total of 23 RARs were defined in the discovery set. Six were commonly detected in both stage I and II groups (&amp;gt; 50%), suggesting their connection with early breast tumorigenesis. There were gains on 1q21.2-q21.3, 8q24.13, 8q24.13-21, 8q24.3, and 8q24.3 and a loss on 8p23.1-p22. Among the 23 RARs, copy number gains on 16p11.2 (NUPR1) and 17q12 (ERBB2) showed a significant association with poor survival (P=0.0186 and P=0.0186, respectively). The patients simultaneously positive for both gains had a significantly worse prognosis (P=0.0001). In the independent replication, the patients who were double-positive for NUPR1-ERBB2 gains also had a significantly poorer prognosis on multivariate analysis (HR=7.31, 95% CI 2.65-20.15, P=0.0001). The simultaneous gain of NUPR1 and ERBB2 can be a significant predictor of poor prognosis in EBC. Our study will help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying early-stage breast cancer tumorigenesis. This study also highlights the potential for using combinations of copy number alterations as prognosis predictors for EBC. Citation Format: Yeun-Jun Chung, Seung-Hyun Jung, Ahwon Lee, Seon-Hee Yim. Simultaneous copy number gains of NUPR1 and ERBB2 predicting poor prognosis in early-stage breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 805. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-805
Effects of exercise on soluble transferrin receptor and other variables of the iron status
Authors: Y O Schumacher, A Schmid, D König, A Berg
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2002)

Background: Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfr) is a new marker of iron status and erythropoietic activity. It has been included in multivariable blood testing models for the detection of performance enhancing erythropoietin misuse in sport. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different types and volumes of physical activity on sTfr concentration, variables of iron status (ferritin, transferrin, iron, and protein), and haematological indices. Methods: Thirty nine subjects were divided into three groups: 1, untrained (n = 12); 2, moderately trained (n = 14); 3, highly trained (n = 13, seven men, six women). Groups 1 and 2 carried out two exercise tests: an incremental running test until exhaustion (test A) and a 45 minute constant speed running test at 70% V o 2 max (test B). Group 3 performed three days (women) or four days (men) of prolonged aerobic cycling exercise. The above variables together with haemoglobin and packed cell volume were analysed in venous blood samples before and after exercise. Changes in blood and plasma volume were estimated. Results: sTfr levels were slightly increased in trained and untrained subjects immediately after test A. Test B and aerobic exercise had no significant effect on sTfr. Ferritin levels were increased after the laboratory tests for trained and untrained subjects and after prolonged aerobic exercise in male cyclists. Transferrin was increased significantly in trained and untrained subjects after both laboratory tests, but remained unchanged after prolonged exercise. Plasma and blood volumes were decreased after the laboratory tests but increased after aerobic exercise. No differences in the variables were observed between trained and untrained subjects with respect to response to exercise. Conclusion: The changes in sTfr and the variables of iron status can be mainly attributed to exercise induced changes in volume. Taking these limitations into account, sTfr can be recommended as a marker of iron deficiency in athletes.
Fulcrum Fractures of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Willard J. Howland
Journal: JAMA (1965)

THE USE OF the lap-type safety belt has been shown by numerous studies to be effective in the reduction of major and fatal automobile injuries.1-4When the belt is properly and firmly fixed across the pelvis, a firm restraint from trauma is imposed. When the belt is loosely worn or intentionally placed higher on the abdomen, an entirely different force is created. There have been several reports of severe intra-abdominal injury due to high placement of the seat belt. Kulowski and Rost5described a case of intermittent partial obstruction of the ileum due to adhesions at the site of a previous mesenteric tear, presumably caused by a seat belt injury. Tolins6described one instance of small-bowel perforation. Garrett and Braunstein,4in their comprehensive study, report one case of ruptured pancreas and duodenum. Cocke and Meyer7have reported a well-documented case of splenic rupture due to
Charles Bonnet syndrome—elderly people and visual hallucinations
Authors: Anu Jacob, Sanjeev Prasad, Mike Boggild, Sanjeev Chandratre
Journal: BMJ (2004)

When a patient presents with vivid visual hallucinations, a doctor probably considers common diagnoses such as delirium, dementia, psychoses, or a drug related condition. Charles Bonnet syndrome, however, is a condition characterised by visual hallucinations alongside deteriorating vision, usually in elderly people.1 The correct diagnosis of this distressing but not uncommon condition is of utmost importance, considering the serious implications of the alternative diagnoses.

Neighbours brought an 87 year old white widower—who lived alone in a flat—to the medical assessment unit of a district general hospital. They were concerned that he was becoming demented. Apparently he had reported seeing people and animals in his house—including bears and Highland cattle. He verified these statements and said he had been seeing them for the previous six weeks. He had also often seen swarms of flies and blue fish darting across the room.

He knew that these visions were not real and they didn't bother him much, but he thought he might be losing his mind. The visions lasted for minutes to hours, and the cattle used to stare at him while quietly munching away at the grass. The visions tended to occur more in the evenings before he switched on the lights.

His medical problems included chronic lymphatic leukaemia, which had been in remission for the past five years. He was registered blind and had been diagnosed as having gross bilateral macular degeneration. He had never had hallucinations before. He also had chronic obstructive airways disease and essential hypertension. He had had no other neurological illness and no mental health problems. He did not drink alcohol or smoke. He had …
Depressed Adolescents Grown Up
Authors: Myrna M. Weissman
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextMajor depressive disorder (MDD) that arises in adolescence impairs functioning and is associated with suicide risk, but little is known about its continuity into adulthood.ObjectiveTo describe the clinical course of adolescent-onset MDD into adulthood.Design and ParticipantsProspective case-control study. Seventy-three subjects had onset of MDD based on systematic clinical assessment during adolescence (Tanner stage III-V) and 37 controls had no evidence of past or current psychiatric disorders, and also were assessed in adolescence (assessment years: 1977-1985). Follow-up was conducted 10 to 15 years after the initial assessment by an independent team without knowledge of initial diagnosis (follow-up years: 1992-1996).SettingCases were identified at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, NY; controls were recruited from the community.Main Outcome MeasuresSuicide and suicide attempts, psychiatric diagnoses, treatment utilization, and social functioning.ResultsClinical outcomes of adolescent-onset MDD into adulthood compared with control subjects without psychiatric illness include a high rate of suicide (7.7%); a 5-fold increased risk for first suicide attempt; a 2-fold increased risk of MDD, but not other psychiatric disorders; an increased occurrence of psychiatric and medical hospitalization; and impaired functioning in work, social, and family life. Thirty-seven percent of those with adolescent MDD survived without an episode of MDD in adulthood vs 69% of the control participants (relative risk, 2.2 [95% confidence interval, 1.0-4.7; P&lt;.05]).ConclusionThere is substantial continuity, specificity, morbidity, and potential mortality from suicide into adulthood in adolescent-onset MDD patients. Now that empirically based guides to their treatment are becoming available, early identification and treatment seems warranted.
A Radioallergosorbent Test (RAST) for <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i>
Authors: E. G. Shephard, C. M. Macfarlane, J. R. Joubert
Journal: Allergy (1982)

An antigen from Ascaris lumbricoides obtained from infested human has been prepared which can be used for detecting immune responses to Ascaris using the skin‐prick test. A comparison of immune skin responses between this antigen and the commercial (Bencard ®) Ascaris suum antigen has been made and a RAST technique for the in vitro detection of specific igE to Ascaris lumbricoides has been developed using the Lumbricoides antigen. A correlation between skin‐prick test and RAST determinations and between RAST and total serum IgE antibodies has been demonstrated. The correlation of RAST results and serum IgE levels agreed with the division of the patients into two classes ‐ allergic and non‐allergic ‐ on the basis of clinical criteria for allergy.
Factor IX Deficiency in Nephrosis
Authors: GEORGE R. HONIG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 February 1971Factor IX Deficiency in NephrosisGEORGE R. HONIG, M.D.GEORGE R. HONIG, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-2-298_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The report by Natelson and co-workers in the September issue (Ann Intern Med73:373-378, 1970) describes an additional well-documented example of acquired factor IX deficiency in association with the nephrotic syndrome. The isolation of material having many of the properties of factor IX from the urine of this patient provides a sound basis to account for this phenomenon. It may be unwarranted, however, to conclude that factor IX deficiency existed in their other nephrotic patients based on the findings of prolongation of the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test and the presence of factor IX activity in the...References1. YATZIDISRICHET HG: Activité de certaines protéines de la coagulation dans le plasma et les urines au cours de syndrome néphrotique. Rev Franc Etud Clin Biol 2:717-7, 1957 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. VON KAULLAVON KAULLA KE: Inactivation of pathological inhibitors of intrinsic thromboplastin by procoagulant from human urine. Acta Haemat (Basel) 30:25-34, 1963 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. AOKIVON KAULLA NK: The procoagulant in human urine; purification, assay and some biochemical and physiological properties. Thromb Diath Haemorrh 16:586-605, 1966 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. NATELSONLYNCHHETTIG EER: Acquired factor IX deficiency in the nephrotic syndrome. Ann Intern Med 73: 373-378, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar5. HANDLEYLAWRENCE DJ: Factor-IX deficiency in the nephrotic syndrome. Lancet 1:1079-1081, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. CONNORHOAKWARNER WJE: Plasma free fatty acids, hypercoagulability, and thrombosis, in Thrombosis, edited by SHERRY S, BRINKHOUS KM, GENTON E, et al. Washington, D.C., National Academy of Science, 1969, pp. 335-373 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Pediatrics University of Illinois Hospital Chicago, Ill. 60612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1971Volume 74, Issue 2Page: 298-299KeywordsHemophilia BPartial thromboplastin timeUrine Issue Published: 1 February 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Soluble Metalloendopeptidases and Neuroendocrine Signaling
Authors: Corie N. Shrimpton, A. Ian Smith, Rebecca A. Lew
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2002)

Peptidases play a vital and often highly specific role in the physiological and pathological generation and termination of peptide hormone signals. The thermolysin-like family of metalloendopeptidases involved in the extracellular processing of neuroendocrine and cardiovascular peptides are of particular significance, reflecting both their specificity for particular peptide substrates and their utility as therapeutic targets. Although the functions of the membrane-bound members of this family, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase, are well established, a role for the predominantly soluble family members in peptide metabolism is only just emerging. This review will focus on the biochemistry, cell biology, and physiology of the soluble metalloendopeptidases EC 3.4.24.15 (thimet oligopeptidase) and EC 3.4.24.16 (neurolysin), as well as presenting evidence that both peptidases play an important role in such diverse functions as reproduction, nociception, and cardiovascular homeostasis.
William Harvey, hypothermia, and battle injuries
Authors: M J Harbinson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Doctors deal with complementary medicine in a variety of professional situations.Patients may ask for advice about whether to pursue complementary therapies or which therapist to consult; they may request referral or delegation, either privately or on the NHS; or they may want to discuss treatment or advice given by complementary practitioners.Doctors prescribing drugs to patients taking complementary treatments may have concerns about possible interactions.Doctors should therefore consider strategies for minimising risk and facilitating sensible and appropriate discussions with patients and complementary practitioners.
82 THE OSTEOPONTIN AND HIGH-MOBILITY GROUP-1 AXIS AND LIVER FIBROSIS
Authors: E. Arriazu, X. Ge, T.M. Leung, A. Lopategui, Y. Lu, N. Kitamura, R. Urtasun, N. Theise, L. D'souza, M.E. Bianchi, N. Nieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)