tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cefamandole and Cefoxitin
Authors: CHARLES V. SANDERS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Cefamandole and cefoxitin, introduced only 7 years ago, are now the most commonly prescribed parenteral antibiotics in the United States. These drugs are similar to the first-generation cephalosporins in toxicity, but their in-vitro spectrum of activity is greater. Their serum half-lives are longer than those of cephalothin and cephapirin but shorter than that of cefazolin. Although cefamandole has been recommended in empiric therapy for patients with community-acquired pneumonia and as a prophylactic agent for patients having various surgical procedures, other regimens are less expensive and just as effective. Cefamandole should not be used to treat intra-abdominal, enterobacter, or ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae infections. Cefoxitin is effective in the treatment and prevention of mixed aerobic-anaerobic skin and soft-tissue, intra-abdominal, gynecologic, and penicillinase-producing, spectinomycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections. Cefoxitin represents a greater advance than cefamandole in our continuing search for safe and more effective antimicrobial agents.
One-week therapy with twice-daily butenafine 1% cream versus vehicle in the treatment of tinea pedis: A multicenter, double-blind trial
Authors: Ronald Savin, Richard L. De Villez, Boni Elewski, Steven Hong, Terry Jones, Nicholas Lowe, Anne Lucky, Blas Reyes, Daniel Stewart, Isaac Willis
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1997)
Effects of a high potassium diet on electrical properties of cortical collecting ducts from adrenalectomized rabbits.
Authors: S Muto, S Sansom, G Giebisch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The cortical collecting tubule is one of the main nephron sites where mineralocorticoids and a high potassium diet modulate sodium (Na) and potassium (K) transport. In this study we explored the steroid-independent effects of a high K diet on the electrical transport properties of the isolated rabbit cortical collecting tubule principal cells. The electrophysiological analysis included transepithelial and single-cell potential measurements and equivalent circuit analysis. Rabbits were adrenalectomized (ADX) and received either a control diet (300 meq K/kg diet) or a high K diet (600 meq/kg diet) for 10 d before the experiment. The mean plasma K of ADX control animals was 6.9 mM, that of ADX animals on the high K diet 8.3 mM. The transepithelial potential difference was significantly elevated in the high K group (-3.5 mV, lumen negative), compared with ADX controls (-1.4 mV). The basolateral membrane potential in high K animals was also significantly elevated (-73 mV, cell negative, compared with -63 mV in controls). Estimates of the apical membrane partial Na and K conductances (GaNa and GaK) and of ion currents (IaNa and IaK) also demonstrated stimulation by the high K diet. In the high K group, both GaNa and GaK (0.56 and 2.67 mS.cm-2) were higher than control values (0.27 and 1.17 mS.cm-2). IaNa and IaK were also higher in high K animals (47.8 and -26.2 microA.cm-2) compared with control animals (22.4 and -11.6 microA.cm-2). Thus, a high K intake per se can induce electrophysiological changes consistent with stimulation of Na reabsorption and K secretion.
Sick Stethoscopes Modified and Debugged-Reply
Authors: Dale Orton
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Of course, pulmonary auscultation rather than cardiac auscultation is what we intended, and we thank Dr Ciferri for spotting this error. A pertinent history and a proper physical examination are still the clinician's best tools for diagnosis, and we continue to stress this to our students and residents. However, even in today's environment of cost containment and gatekeeper theory, a 38-year-old man who complains of fairly rapid onset of pleuritic chest pain deserves a chest roentgenogram and an electrocardiogram in an emergency department setting, even if the results of the cardiopulmonary examination are normal. We agree that the proper sequential order of examining the cardiopulmonary systems is preferred; however, this is not always feasible. We wonder if, perhaps in haste, Dr Ciferri has ever laid a stethoscope on a patient's chest before inspecting, palpating, and percussing it. We have heard from other clinicians who have had problems with
Evidence based case report: Twenty year cough in a non-smoker
Authors: P. Glasziou
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Computer tomography (CT), a gold standard screening tool for lung cancer in high risk symptomless subjects, has relatively high associated costs and risks with low incidence of cancer detection. There is a need for a tool to predict subjects with a higher probability of early stage lung cancer (ESLC - Staged I or II by 7th ed TNM system) prior to CT screening. We previously demonstrated that exhaled breath volatile organic compound (eVOC) profile differs between lung cancer and healthy smokers.<b> Aim</b>: To determine if eVOC profile of subjects diagnosed with ESLC, without symptoms (ESLC-S) differs from that of those with symptoms (ESLC+S) and that of healthy smokers (HS). <b>Method:</b> ESLC+S (n= 53), ESLC-S (n=29) and HS (n=188) subjects provided a breath sample after breathing filtered air for 5 mins for analysis on a 32 sensor Cyranose 320 (Sensigent). Sensor data were log transformed and reduced to principal components for canonical discriminant analysis to determine differences between groups. Accuracy (CVV) was calculated using SPSS V17.0 with leave one out cross validation. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were calculated. <b>Results:</b> The eVOC profile distinguished between ESLC-S and HS (p&lt;0.0001), CVV 91%, sensitivity 38%, specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 91 %. The difference in eVOC profile between ESLC+S and ESLC-S was not significant (P=0.08). <b>Conclusion:</b> These data indicate the ability of exhaled breath VOC profiles to distinguish people with asymptomatic early stage lung cancer from healthy smokers, and therefore support its potential as a non-invasive screening tool for early detection of lung cancer. Supported by The Prince Charles Hospital Foundation and Private Practice Trust Fund.
Dynamic expression of pemphigus and desmosomal antigens by cultured keratinocytes
Authors: K. IWATSUKI, K. SUGAYA, M. TAKIGAWA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Dynamic expression of pemphigus and desmosomal antigens by cultured keratinocytes Get access K. IWATSUKI, K. IWATSUKI Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medicul College. Fukushima, Japan Dr K. Iwatsuki, Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical College, Hikarigaoka I, Fukushima 960‐l2, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. SUGAYA, K. SUGAYA Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. TAKIGAWA M. TAKIGAWA Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 1, 1 January 1993, Pages 16–22, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00140.x Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Accepted: 01 May 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
835 RISK FACTORS FOR HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS IN NON-VIRAL, NON-ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS AND CIRRHOSIS
Authors: K. Enooku, R. Tateishi, H. Yoshida, S. Mikami, M. Sato, T. Arano, K. Uchino, E. Goto, R. Masuzaki, H. Nakagawa, Y. Kondo, T. Goto, S. Shiina, K. Koike
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Sulphasalazine in ulcerative colitis: in memoriam?
Authors: J Hayllar, I Bjarnason
Journal: Gut (1991)

Leading articleSulphasalazine in ulcerative colitis: in memoriam?While the aetiology of ulcerative colitis remains unknown, treatment is empirical.Sulphasalazine is effective in control- ling moderately active disease' and in prolonging remission.2Speculation about the drug's mode of action has continued
Reactions to Tetanus Toxoid
Authors: Donald R. Graham
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To the Editor.—  Jacobs and colleagues are to be commended for their review of reactions to tetanus toxoid (1982; 247:40). The authors have demonstrated effectively that a history of reaction to tetanus toxoid correlates poorly with the subsequent reactions to intradermal skin testing with dilute solutions of tetanus toxoid; only 1.4% of such patients had a reaction in their series. However, I question their conclusion that the reactions they observed were caused by tetanus toxoid and not by diphtheria toxoid. In their challenge study, the authors apparently used DT vaccine, which contains 10 Lime flocculating (LF) units of diphtheria toxoid, rather than Td, which contains 2 units. DT is not recommended for adults, chiefly because of the high incidence of reactions to the full dose; thus, one could ask whether the tetanus component of the combination was, in fact, responsible for the reactions. 1   In 1979, we studied adverse cutaneous reactions
Case 43-1976
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Jay P. Mohr, Henry C. Powell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Presentation of CaseA 45-year-old right-handed man was admitted to the hospital because of headache.He was well until two and a half weeks previously, when he began to have frequent persistent, throbbing headaches over the left eye that were aggravated by movement and by exposure to light. There was no associated nausea, vomiting or neurologic complaint. During the same interval he began to experience an intermittent "closed-up" sensation in the right ear that was accompanied by diminished hearing and tinnitus, a sensation of "moving to the right," a tendency to fall to the right, dysarthria, sweating, chilliness and mild . . .
ACUTE ANGIOGRAPHIC AND SIX-MONTH CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER IMPLANTATION OF EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING BIORESORBABLE SCAFFOLDS IN LONG LESIONS (&gt;32MM)
Authors: Yuki Ishibashi, Yoshinobu Onuma, Sjoerd Nauta, Roberto Diletti, Antonios Karanasos, Takashi Muramatsu, Evelyn Regar, Nicolas Van Mieghem, Peter de Jaegere, Patrick Serruys, Felix Zijlstra, Robert van Geuns
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Epilepsy Late in Life
Authors: OLIVER T. OSBORNE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 April 1928Epilepsy Late in LifeOLIVER T. OSBORNE, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.OLIVER T. OSBORNE, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-10-841 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe paper of Doctors Riesman and Fitz-Hugh, Jr. on epilepsy in the Annals of Internal Medicine for November, 1927, deserves more than a passive reading. This important subject has not been sufficiently discussed, and we are indebted to these clinicians for so ably presenting it.Besides such cases as occur from arteriosclerosis and endocrine dysfunction, I believe the majority of these cases are associated with mouth infection. Very few persons after forty have healthy mouths; most of them are carrying devitalized teeth, crowns, and often bridges, and pyorrhea alveolaris is very common in persons of this age.If mouth infection... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: OLIVER T. OSBORNE, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Yale University New Haven, Conn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGeographical locality and convulsive susceptibility of epileptic patientsEtiologic Factors in Adult Convulsions 1 April 1928Volume 1, Issue 10Page: 841-842KeywordsEpilepsyMouthOral healthPeriodontal diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
Left atrial appendage aneurysm: correlation of noninvasive with clinical and surgical findings: report of a case.
Authors: S K Krueger, R M Ferlic, P K Mooring
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Congenital left atrial appendage aneurysm is rarely diagnosed on the basis of an abnormal cardiac silhouette. Patients with a left atrial appendage aneurysm often present with symptoms of systemic emboli or supraventricular arrhythmias. A patient with left atrial appendage aneurysm was diagnosed by correlation of two noninvasive techniques echocardiography and radionuclide scintiscanning. Angiography was confirmatory and aneurysmectomy was successfully performed.
Failure of passive transfer of serum from patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis to inhibit hair growth in transplants of human scalp skin grafted on to nude mice
Authors: A. GILHAR, T. PILLAR, B. ASSAY, M. DAVID
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

We have previously demonstrated regrowth of hair in scalp skin grafts taken from patients with alopecia areata (AA) and alopecia universalis (AU) following engraftment on to nude mice. This present study was to determine whether serum from patients with AA and AU, has a role in the process of hair loss and the role of antibodies and complement. Forty mice were grafted with transplants obtained from seven patients. One group of the grafted mice was given patients' serum and another group normal serum. The mice were treated topically with cyclosporin (CyA), or olive oil. Hair growth was noted in most grafts and intravenous injections of serum did not prevent or inhibit this process. Immunofluorescence studies before grafting showed deposition of immunoglobulins and complement in hair follicles in both normal and affected scalp skin, but a more striking deposition was noted in the affected skin. Deposition of immunoreactants after grafting was observed only after the injection of serum from the patients but not with normal serum. Thus the sera from patients with AA or AU, when injected into nude mice with hair transplants from the scalp skin of patients with these disorders, does not alter the hair growth despite deposition of immunoreactants around the hair follicles.
Interferon gamma treatment inhibits collagen deposition in pig serum-induced rat liver fibrosis in vivo
Authors: I SAKAIDA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of fibrosuppression by a newly synthesized prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor {HOE 077, 2, 4-pyridine dicarboxylic acids bis [(2-methoxyethyl) amide]} on pig serum-induced liver fibrosis in the rat.Methods: Male Wistar rats received 0.5 ml of pig serum twice a week for 10 weeks with 0, 100 or 200 ppm of HOE 077. At the end of the experiment, the hydroxyproline content of the liver, and alanine aminostransferase were measured. Histological stains used were HE, azan and a stain for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Electron microscopy was also performed. Messenger RNA expressions of type I and III procollagen were examined by Northern blot analysis. α-SMA positive cells and fibers with azan staining were assessed as percent area of the tissue specimen, using an image analysis system.Results: Rats that received pig serum for 10 weeks showed an increased liver hydroxyproline content of 318±39 μg/g we weight (n=15). HOE 077 at doses up to 200 ppm significantly (p<0.01) reduced this increase of liver hydroxyproline content (181±39 μg/g wet weight, n=15) in accordance with imporved histological findings. 200 ppm of HOE 077 significantly reduced mRNA expressions of α2(I) (486±102 vs 151±36, p<0.01) and α1(III) (276±127 vs 160±67, p<0.05) procollagen and percent area of α-SMA positive cells (2.94±2.14 vs 1.17±0.88%). Electron microscopy revealed that 200 ppm of HOE 077 prevented the loss of fat droplets.Conclusions: A prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor (HOE 077) prevented pig serum-induced rat liver fibrosis by inhibiting stellate cell activation.
Health care in South Africa
Authors: S R Benatar
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - Tony Waterston and Anthony Zwimake some valid comments regarding apartheid's effect on health care in South Africa but deal superficially with several important points.1 The crucial difference between the National Medical and Dental Association's advocacy of so called selective support (more accurately interpreted as “selective boycott” as there is an element of coercion) and true selective support as advocated by me2 seems to have escaped them.

Recent requests by the African National Congress for the removal of sanctions highlights understandable …
Analysis of Protein Palmitoylation Reveals a Pervasive Role in Plasmodium Development and Pathogenesis
Authors: Matthew L. Jones, Mark O. Collins, David Goulding, Jyoti S. Choudhary, Julian C. Rayner
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)

Asexual stage Plasmodium falciparum replicates and undergoes a tightly regulated developmental process in human erythrocytes. One mechanism involved in the regulation of this process is posttranslational modification (PTM) of parasite proteins. Palmitoylation is a PTM in which cysteine residues undergo a reversible lipid modification, which can regulate target proteins in diverse ways. Using complementary palmitoyl protein purification approaches and quantitative mass spectrometry, we examined protein palmitoylation in asexual-stage P. falciparum parasites and identified over 400 palmitoylated proteins, including those involved in cytoadherence, drug resistance, signaling, development, and invasion. Consistent with the prevalence of palmitoylated proteins, palmitoylation is essential for P. falciparum asexual development and influences erythrocyte invasion by directly regulating the stability of components of the actin-myosin invasion motor. Furthermore, P. falciparum uses palmitoylation in diverse ways, stably modifying some proteins while dynamically palmitoylating others. Palmitoylation therefore plays a central role in regulating P. falciparum blood stage development.
Once Again, Mice Come to Research's Rescue, This Time as Infection Models in AIDS Studies
Authors: Chris Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1989)

IMMUNOLOGISTS HOPE they're the kind of gifts that keep on giving. In late December, teams at two centers reported initial success in using two new mouse models of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. They hope the models will bear fruit this year in understanding still-murky aspects of the virus' workings and—perhaps— provide the necessary tools to combat it (<i>Science</i>1988;242:1665-1670, 1684-1686). If the models prove as useful as these early studies suggest, they may unblock the logjam of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) immunologic research that arises from both the scarcity of primates and their limitations. Chimpanzees can be infected with HIV, but they do not develop disease. "These approaches are useful," says Jay A. Levy, MD, professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. "They could eliminate the widespread use of primates," adds Levy, but he says he doubts that vaccine work can be completed without using animals
Extrapolation of trial results suggests that aspirin is useful in intermittent claudication
Authors: P. Gresele, R. Migliacci
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—In their evidence based guidelines Eccles et al conclude that aspirin is unlikely to have a beneficial effect on the incidence of major cardiovascular events in patients with intermittent claudication.1 In contrast, an editorial by Fowkes et al suggests that aspirin may be effective, and thus warranted, even in asymptomatic peripheral vascular disease.2

Surprisingly, these opposite statements are both claimed to draw largely on the work of the Antiplatelet Trialists' Collaboration.3 Only four studies, however, have specifically compared aspirin with placebo in …
SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT OF TUMORS OF THE BLADDER.Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: JOHN B. DEAVER
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The earliest and most constant symptom of tumor of the bladder is hemorrhage; this usually appears before irritation of the bladder. When vesical tenesmus and frequency of micturition precede hemorrhage, malignancy should be suspected. Hemorrhage from the bladder occurs towards the end of micturition. The first urine passed is clear and as the bladder empties itself it becomes blood stained, while the last urine passed is of a bright red color due to the presence of fresh blood. Following exploration of the bladder, the first urine passed is uniformly blood stained. Confusion may arise in cases of hematuria as to the source of the hemorrhage. When the hemorrhage is from the kidney and of idiopathic origin, the blood is intimately mixed with the urine giving it a reddish brown color, while if traumatic in origin the blood is passed as clots which assume the shape of the ureters, being passed
Pain in Childbirth
Authors: H. B. Herklots
Journal: BMJ (1948)

Volumetric imaging tools that are simple to adopt, flexible, and robust, are in high demand in the field of neuroscience, where the ability to image neurons and their networks with high spatiotemporal resolution is essential. Using an axially elongated focus approximating a Bessel beam, in combination with two-photon fluorescence microscopy, has proven successful at such an endeavor. Here we demonstrate three-photon fluorescence imaging with an axially extended Bessel focus. We use an axicon-based module which allowed for the generation of Bessel foci of varying numerical aperture and axial length, and apply this volumetric imaging tool to image mouse brain slices and for <i>in vivo</i> imaging of the mouse brain.
NOTE ON THE BODIES RECENTLY DESCRIBED BY LEISHMAN AND DONOVAN
Authors: R. Ross
Journal: BMJ (1903)

I261subject.Ehrlich could find only one case of this description in recent literature.9At Sloane Maternity Hospital from I892 to I899 Ewing states that he saw many cases of severe anaemia but none of the progressive pernicious type.10Ahlfeld, with a wide experience, could not report a single case following pregnancy (i898).1>4. Cancer.-Ithas been often stated that cancer, especially cancer of the stomach, may give rise to the blood changes characteristic of progressive pernicious anaemia.Hunter,.however, who has gone very fully into the literature of this subject, comments on the extreme rarity of such a con- nexion, as he was able to find only the following cases:- Quincke, I case; Eisenlohe, 2 cases; Letten, I case; Grawitz, 3 cases.He also states that these cases from the accounts given are not entirely free from question as to the character of the anaemia present.12The following cases of severe anaemia associated with malignant disease will show that the blood changes are, as a rule, totally different from those of true pernicious anaemia.°,a iDiagnosis.19/1,/02 2,760,000 22,000 22.0 0.40 8i.o 17.0 0.2 o o Cancer of stomach.6/1/02 2,120,000 3,100 21.7 0.51 76.8 23.2 0.0 c o Cancer of stomachl. 2/2/00 3,190,000 7,000 45-4 0.
Basic Breast Cancer Research Is Focus of New British Research Center
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Basic Breast Cancer Research Is Focus of New British Research Center Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 6, 17 March 1993, Page 432, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.6.432 Published: 17 March 1993
Bevacizumab Maintenance in Patients with Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Clinical Patterns, and Outcomes in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 4599 Study: Results of An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Ariel Lopez-Chavez, Todd Young, Sophie Fages, Larry Leon, Joan H. Schiller, Afshin Dowlati, Julie R. Brahmer, David H. Johnson, Alan Sandler
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)