tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Executive Physicals — Bad Medicine on Three Counts
Authors: Brian Rank
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In corporate boardrooms throughout the United States, executives are wrestling with the management of health care costs. They are demanding health care services that are effective and evidence-based and that don't entail excess or unjust costs. They are meticulously assessing insurers and providers on all these counts as never before. And rightly so. There's some irony, then, in the fact that many of these executives leave these boardrooms for days at a time to take part in one of modern medicine's most expensive and least proven approaches to care: the executive physical.If you want to have an executive physical . . .
Defective Oxidative Phosphorylation in Hereditary Myocardiopathy in the Syrian Hamster
Authors: A. Lochner, L. H. Opie, A. J. Brink, A. R. Bosman
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1968)

Biochemical studies have been performed on the hearts of hamsters afflicted with a hereditary, fatal myocardiopathy and muscular dystrophy. In sarcosomes from myopathic hearts phosphorus uptake and phosphorus/oxygen ratios were depressed, while oxygen uptake was normal. The enhanced rate of glycolysis in slices from myopathic hearts could be explained by changes in high energy phosphate compound metabolism. The relationship between the biochemical changes and the mechanical failure of the heart is discussed.
A STUDY OF THE ACTION OF AMMONIUM CHLORID AND ORGANIC MERCURY COMPOUNDS
Authors: Norman M. Keith, Mary Whelan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1926)

The elimination of urine from the body is not the function of the kidney alone: the blood and the tissues are profoundly concerned.The blood may be considered the connecting link between the other two.The concentration in the blood of those substances which eventually appear in the urine must fluctuate with variations in the chemical state of either the tissues or the kidney or both.It is conceivable, therefore, that an absolutely, or apparently, identical chemical disturbance of the blood might result from either chemical changes in the tissues or disturbance of the excretory function of the kidneys.The general problem of the site of initiation of disease characterized by retention of urinary elements is thus complicated by the possibility that fundamentally different diseases may present the same superficial appearance.The problem became still more intricate with the demonstration that retention of urea does not parallel retention of salt and water.Edema may be accompanied by normal excretion of urea, and nor- mal urea content in the blood; urea may be retained without edema and even without serious anatomic changes in the kidneys; salt may be retained without edema being demonstrable.The effect of diuretics is similarly difficult to explain.Diuresis can be produced by those which are known to increase blood-flow and by those which cannot be shown to have any such primary effect.It is impossible, therefore, to explain diuresis in every instance on the same hypothesis.The newer diuretics, ammonium chlorid and
Letter: Laparoscopy explosion hazards with nitrous oxide.
Authors: S Khunda, K Y Ghanima
Journal: BMJ (1976)

With reference to your correspondence (September 27, p. 764, and December 27, p. 760) regarding laparoscopy explosion hazards with nitrous oxide, in our experience this is not substantiated. In the last 18 months we have done some 123 laparoscopies in the Medical City Hospital, Baghdad. We have done 16 sterilizations by tubal diathermy and not fewer than 12 cases where biopsies were taken from ovaries in case of tuberculosis or for other reasons, where diathermy was used. In all our laparoscopy procedures we always used nitrous oxide gas because carbon dioxide cylinders are difficult to otain. We did not have any incident of explosion, and most of our patients stayed in hospital not more than 24 hours postoperatively, during which time no complications were reported. None of these cases was readmitted for any complications. It seems to us that the hazard of explosion with nitrous oxide is more theoretical than real.
Protective effect of the vagotonic action of morphine sulphate on ventricular vulnerability
Authors: R. A. DeSILVA, R. L. VERRIER, B. LOWN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Journal Article Protective effect of the vagotonic action of morphine sulphate on ventricular vulnerability Get access REGIS A. DeSILVA, REGIS A. DeSILVA From the Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD L. VERRIER, RICHARD L. VERRIER From the Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar BERNARD LOWN BERNARD LOWN 1 From the Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 1Address for reprints: Professor Bernard Lown, Professor of Cardiology, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue. Boston, MA 02115, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 12, Issue 3, March 1978, Pages 167–172, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/12.3.167 Published: 01 March 1978
Is the distribution of coherence a test of the model?
Authors: Theodore H. Bullock
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Does the Wright &amp; Liley model predict: (1) that subdural and hippocampal EEGs coherence tend to rise and fall in parallel for many frequencies, (2) that it is locally high or low within 10mm and falls steeply on average or, (3) that it is in constant flux, mostly rising and falling within 5–15 sec?
IKs contributes importantly to ventricular repolarization in conscious dogs
Authors: Jurren M. Van Opstal, Paul G. Volders, Milan Stengl, E. Martel, Uwe Gerlach, Roel L. Spätjens, Jet D. Beekman, Karin R. Sipido, Marc A. Vos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
"Buffer zone" law for abortion clinics declared unconstitutional
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A US federal judge last week struck down a new state law that had created a buffer zone around abortion clinics to keep protesters away from patients, accusing Massachusetts's lawmakers of trampling on abortion opponents' right to free speech.

US district judge Edward Harrington ruled that the law was not constitutional because it allowed employees and agents of the clinics, such as volunteers, to approach patients outside the clinics but prohibited protesters from coming within six feet (2 metres) of patients who were within 18 feet of a clinic entrance.

“Pro-life advocates,” Judge Harrington said, “must be given as equal an opportunity as their opponents …
Evaluation of 125I-fibrinogen test for venous thrombosis in patients with hip fractures: comparison between isotope scanning and necropsy findings.
Authors: G K Morris, J R Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The results of 125I-fibrinogen leg scanning during life were compared with the findings at a detailed post-mortem dissection of the leg veins in 31 patients with hip fractures who died during the period of isotope scanning or within seven days of the last scan. Thigh scanning on the side of the hip fracture proved valueless, and criteria for the confident isotopic diagnosis of venous thrombosis in the uninjured thigh could not be determined. In the lower leg a difference in uptake of 20% or more that persisted for 24 hours between adjacent positions on one leg or between corresponding positions on the two legs was consistently associated with the presence of venous thrombosis at necropsy.
411 HEPATITIS C VIRUS REAPPEARANCE IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH SPONTANEOUS HCV-RNA CLEARANCE
Authors: L. Peters, A. Mocroft, V. Soriano, J. Rockstroh, N. Kirkby, P. Reiss, C. Katlama, N. Zakharova, R. Flisiak, J. Lundgren
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Don't Recap Needles, Even on Television
Authors: Marvin J. Bittner
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Physicians with cable television service that includes the Lifetime channel have easy access to an excellent educational opportunity, the American Medical Association Video Clinics. However, a commercial message recently appearing during the Video Clinics depicts (and appears to condone) a practice that can transmit the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virus, hepatitis B virus, or other blood-borne microbes. The commercial appears to show a physician using a syringe and needle to inject a metoprolol tartrate bolus into an intravenous line—with the physician then recapping the needle. Health care workers should ignore the example of the commercial. Instead, they should heed the advice of the Centers for Disease Control: "Needles should not be recapped, purposefully bent, broken, removed from disposable syringes, or otherwise manipulated by hand."<sup>1</sup>Failure to follow this advice has resulted in transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III to a British nurse.<sup>2</sup> The Centers
Deficient Platelet-Derived Nitric Oxide and Enhanced Hemostasis in Mice Lacking the NOSIII Gene
Authors: Jane E. Freedman, Ryan Sauter, Elisabeth M. Battinelli, Kenneth Ault, Cathy Knowles, Paul L. Huang, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has been identified in human platelets. Although platelet-derived nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to inhibit platelet recruitment in vitro, its role in the regulation of the hemostatic response in vivo has not been characterized. To define the role of platelet-derived NO in vivo, we studied mice that lacked a functional eNOS gene (NOSIII). Surface P-selectin expression in platelets from eNOS-deficient mice was not significantly altered; however, bleeding times were markedly decreased in eNOS-deficient versus wild-type mice (77.2±3 versus 133.4±3 seconds, P &lt;0.00005). To determine the contribution of endothelium- versus platelet-derived NO to the bleeding time, isolated platelets from either eNOS-deficient or wild-type mice were transfused into a thrombocytopenic eNOS-deficient mouse and the bleeding time was measured. The bleeding times in mice transfused with eNOS-deficient platelets were significantly decreased compared with mice transfused with wild-type platelets (Δbleeding time, −24.6±9.1 and −3.4±5.3 seconds, respectively; P &lt;0.04). Platelet recruitment was studied by measuring serotonin release from a second recruitable population of platelets that were added to stimulated platelets at the peak of NO production. There was 40.3±3.7% and 52.0±2.1% serotonin release for platelets added to wild-type or eNOS-deficient platelets, respectively ( P &lt;0.05). In summary, mice that lacked eNOS had markedly decreased bleeding times even after endothelial NO production was controlled. These data suggest that the lack of platelet-derived NO alters in vivo hemostatic response by increasing platelet recruitment. Thus, these data support a role for platelet-derived NO production in the regulation of hemostasis.
Effect of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Biliary Bile Acid and Bile Lipid Composition in Gallstone Patients
Authors: Adolf Stiehl, Richard Raedsch, Gerda Rudolph, Siegfried Walker
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

In five patients with radiolucent gallstones, the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (Urso) in doses of 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,250 mg per day on biliary lipid and bile acid composition was studied. Biliary cholesterol decreased from 8.8 +/- 0.8 mole% to 4.4 +/- 0.2 mole% at 500 mg Urso per day (7.1 mg per kg) and to 4.2 +/- 0.3 mole% at 750 mg Urso per day (10.7 mg per kg). Administration of 1,000 or 1,250 mg Urso per day produced no further decrease of biliary cholesterol. The biliary content of phospholipids and total bile acids remained unchanged. During Urso treatment, the relative amounts of glyco-Urso and tauro-Urso in bile increased. Glyco-Urso reached a plateau at 49.1 +/- 2.1% of total bile acids during treatment with 1,000 mg Urso per day, and tauro-Urso increased up to 4.3 +/- 1.5% of total bile acids at 250 mg Urso per day. Simultaneously cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and lithocholic acid decreased. The data indicate that Urso treatment reduces biliary cholesterol efficiently already at a dose of 500 mg per day; biliary bile acid composition changes up to 1,000 mg Urso per day. Doses greater than 1,000 mg per day produced no additional alterations in bile composition.
Dermatitis Due to Aminoazotoluene
Authors: R. H. Meara, I. Martin-Scott
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Recently we have encountered, quite independently, three cases of contact dermatitis due to the yellow aniline dye aminoazotoluene.This dye, which is readily soluble in fats and waxes, is a constituent in the red and green semi-solid inks used in a popular ball-pointed pen.It is also used in certain popular shoe polishes.We have been unable to trace any previous reference to cases of dermatitis caused by exposure to aminoazotoluene.
Abstract 2423: Development of a validated high throughput ELISA assay for gamma H2AX as a pharmacodynamic marker
Authors: Jay George, Hai Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Histone H2AX is a 14 kDa ubiquitous member of the H2A histone family that becomes rapidly phosphorylated at Serine 139 by ATM and ATR kinases to yield a form known as γ-H2AX in response to double-strand DNA damage and apoptosis. γ-H2AX is an ideal Pharmacodynamic (PD) surrogate marker to measure molecular responses to a large number of drugs; however, methods such as western blots and immunohistochemistry are widely used but are difficult to validate to regulatory standards, and not suitable for high throughput screening applications. To address this need, we have developed a novel high throughput ELISA assay to measure γ-H2AX levels in cellular extracts and phosphorylation of H2AX in response to therapeutic intervention. This assay documents differences of γ-H2AX levels in PBMC, cultured cells, tissue biopsies, and will be useful in future clinical trials providing one of many needed tools to enable hypothesis-driven preclinical drug design strategies.p Background Histone H2AX is a 14 kDa ubiquitous member of the H2A histone family that contains an evolutionarily conserved SQ motif at the C-terminus in eukaryotes. Serine 139 within this motif becomes rapidly phosphorylated by ATM and ATR kinases to yield a form known as γ-H2AX in response to double-strand DNA damage and apoptosis (1). During the past year investigators have confirmed the value of γ-H2AX as an important Pharmacodynamic (PD) marker (2) and genotoxicity endpoint (3). There are over 21 anticancer drugs that are known to result in γ-H2AX formation. As a result, γ-H2AX is an ideal Pharmacodynamic PD surrogate marker to measure molecular responses to a large number of drugs (4,5,6). While many of these drugs have already garnered regulatory approval, and are currently being used to manage various types of cancers, they are the subject of ongoing clinical studies to evaluate their efficacy when used alone or in combination with molecularly targeted drugs. While methods such as western blots and immunohistochemistry are widely used but are difficult to validate to regulatory standards, the ELISA method is the most quantifiable and easiest to validate, and not suitable for high throughput screening applications. To address this need Trevigen's quantitative pharmacodynamic HT γ-H2AX ELISA assay measures γ-H2AX levels in cellular extracts and phosphorylation of H2AX in response to therapeutic intervention. This assay documents differences of γ-H2AX levels in PBMC, cultured cells, tissue biopsies, and will be useful in future clinical trials providing one of many needed tools to enable hypothesis-driven preclinical drug design strategies. Citation Format: Jay George, Hai Xu. Development of a validated high throughput ELISA assay for gamma H2AX as a pharmacodynamic marker. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2423. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2423
Abnormal Sympathetic Innervation of Viable Myocardium and the Substrate of Ventricular Tachycardia After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tetsuo Sasano, M. Roselle Abraham, Kuan-Cheng Chang, Hiroshi Ashikaga, Kevin J. Mills, Daniel P. Holt, John Hilton, Stephan G. Nekolla, Jun Dong, Albert C. Lardo, Henry Halperin, Robert F. Dannals, Eduardo Marbán, Frank M. Bengel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
TCT-338 Spontaneous coronary Artery dissection in sudden death victims and surviving patients: which are the differences?
Authors: Massimo Napodano, Ahmed Hussien Hussien Al Mamary, Stefania Rizzo, Marta Martin, Gilberto Dariol, Paolo Buja, Giuseppe Tarantini, Sabino Iliceto, Gaetano Thiene, Cristina Basso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
E.E.G.s of Boxers
Authors: R. S. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1961)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Previous studies have shown conflicting results concerning the association between heavy physical work load and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between long-term exposure to heavy physical work load in middle age and risk of CHD among Swedish men during almost 20 years of follow-up. <h3>Methods</h3> The study is based on a cohort of around 40 000 Swedish males, born 1949–51, with census information on occupation in 1985 and 1990 (at ages 34–41). Aspects of physical workload was estimated from job exposure matrices based on questions concerning heavy lifting, strenuous work postures, and physically strenuous work from the Swedish Work Environment Surveys 1989–97. Mean values for each physical exposure variable were assigned to over 300 occupational titles from the censuses conducted in 1985 and 1990. Only those 29 530 subjects who were in the same quintile of exposure both years were included in the analyses. Information on smoking behavior and body mass index (BMI) was collected at compulsory conscription for military training in 1969/70 (at 18–20 years of age), and follow up data on CHD (1457 cases) between the years 1991–2009. <h3>Results</h3> An increased relative risk of CHD were found among workers in the quintiles with medium low (HR=1.36 CI95%=1.14–1.62), medium (HR=1.46 CI95%=1.23–1.74), medium-high (HR=1.62 CI95%=1.36–1.91), and high (HR=1.45 CI95%=1.22–1.71) exposure to heavy lifting at work compared with those in the quintile with low exposure to heavy lifting. After adjustment for smoking and BMI the risk estimates were somewhat lower but still significantly increased. Risk estimates of the same magnitude were seen for a number of other aspects of the physical work environment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There was an association between long-term exposure from heavy physical work load and CHD even after adjustement for smoking and BMI.
ALBUMINURIA; ITS PROGNOSTIC VALUE IN CHRONIC NEPHRITIS.
Authors: CHARLES ALLING TUTTLE
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The mass of evidence which has come to us of late, from the autopsy table, shows conclusively that chronic nephritis exists and is an unrecognized cause of death in a proportion of cases far beyond ordinary belief, and the comparison of carefully kept records of cases before death with autopsy findings shows that little reliance can be placed on the mere urinary examination, either positive or negative, as a means of absolute diagnosis or prognosis of Bright's disease. It will be the purpose of these notes to show that the result of the ordinary examinations of the urine, either in our offices or laboratories, are of little if any value in very many cases, from a diagnostic or prognostic standpoint, and that we are forced upon the very varied and numerous clinical manifestations and the absolute toxicity of the urine as offering the best and safest means of diagnosis. That
FDG PET Utility in Paraneoplastic Sweet Syndrome
Authors: Bruno Krug, Anne Sonet, Anne-Sophie Pirson, Nathalie Mahy, André Bosly, Thierry Vander Borght
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

We describe a 43-year-old woman who presented a sudden onset of fever and migratory arthralgias. Physical examination revealed tender, well-demarcated erythematous papules and plaques, consistent with a Sweet syndrome. After developing systemic symptoms with hepatomegaly, a liver biopsy and FDG PET imaging demonstrated the presence of an aggressive and extended non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphoma. This case highlights the usefulness of FDG PET imaging for the screening of this paraneoplastic symdrome.
A Tangled Web
Authors: Robert J. Cihak
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Alan F. White: This 62-year-old man first noticed fatigue, exertional dyspnea, and subcostal discomfort on the left side three weeks before admission to the hospital. Before this he had been in good health, without any respiratory disease or occupational exposure to dust. When seen by his physician one week after onset of symptoms, his fatigue and dyspnea were worse; he also had an ill-defined pain in the upper portion of the abdomen and a slight cough. On physical examination the lungs were clear and the abdomen normal. A roentgenogram of the chest was made (Fig 1). During the two weeks preceding admission to the hospital, the cough became more frequent and was productive of clear, white sputum flecked with blood on one occasion. At the time of admission to the hospital, moist rales were present at both lung bases. A second roentgenogram of the chest was performed (Fig 2).
HOW DOES LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE OCCLUSION USING THE WATCHMAN DEVICE COMPARE TO DABIGATRAN FOR REDUCING THROMBOEMBOLIC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH NONVALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION?
Authors: Sanjay Kaul, Eugenio Cingolani, Michael Shehata, George A. Diamond
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
BIER'S TREATMENT ("STAUUNGS-HYPERÆMIE") IN CHRONIC AND ACUTE SURGICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
Authors: WILLY MEYER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Principally for the sake of starting a discussion in our Section on a subject that has been so thoroughly ventilated by surgeons abroad, particularly in Germany, during the last few years, I am going to make some remarks on Bier's<i>Stauungs-Hyperœmie</i>in the treatment of chronic and acute surgical infections. Ever since it was first published,<sup>1</sup>in 1892, I have used Bier's method whenever indicated, and have made many interesting and surprising observations. Little has so far been written about the subject on this side of the Atlantic. We have with us to-day Dr. V. Schmieden, who, on May 7 of this year, as representative of his chief, Prof. A. Bier, on invitation of the Surgical Section of the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis, read a paper on "The Treatment of Bone and Joint Tuberculosis by<i>Stauungs-Hyperœmie</i>" before its third annual meeting, held at Washington, and
The dynamic structure of a flat small intestinal mucosa studied on the explanted rat jejunum
Authors: C. A. Loehry, R. Grace
Journal: Gut (1974)

Small pieces of jejunum with an intact blood supply were explanted to the anterior abdominal wall in rats. Six weeks after explantation the mucosa appeared totally flat in many areas, both histologically and under the dissecting microscope. The structure of the flattened mucosa was shown to be identical to that in coeliac disease with hypertrophied intervillous ridges. A dynamic study with tritium-labelled thymidine demonstrated a considerably increased turnover in the flat mucosa with some disorganization of cell production and migration.