tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NICE may advise on configuration of medical services
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) may in future advise on the reconfiguration of medical services, as well as creating the quality standards that will underpin healthcare delivery.

Carole Longson, director of the Centre for Health Technology Evaluation at NICE, told a conference in London on 19 October that advice on reconfiguration could be a future development for the agency. “We have been talking about this for the past year,” she said. “We have already developed service delivery guidelines, and as the NHS moves to a framework based on outcomes, these will become more and more important.

“But we are also considering how advice on the best configuration of services could be incorporated into the guidelines work.”

Dr Longson said that under the coalition government, important changes in NICE had been signalled, including quality standards, but the basic principles, …
China gears up for swine flu vaccination as virus spreads inland
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2009)

As China rolls out the first phase of its programme to vaccinate 65 million of its 1.3 billion people against A/H1N1 swine flu, the Ministry of Health has confirmed that the disease is spreading inland and into rural areas and may infect tens of millions of Chinese people in the coming months.

Vaccination got under way in Beijing on 9 September, state media have reported, and will also cover Shanghai and Guangdong province in the initial phase. So far two vaccine manufacturers, the Beijing based Sinovac Biotech Ltd and Hualan Biological Engineering in Henan province, have been granted production licences by China’s State Food and Drug Administration.

Sinovac’s vaccine, Panflu 1, has been approved to …
The Detection of Splenomegaly by Percussion
Authors: Robert K. Nixon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IN an age when ever more refined laboratory tests are the keynote, it may seem anachronistic to describe again a simple method in bedside diagnosis. Since evaluation of splenomegaly still rests for the most part on physical examination however, it is believed that a technic often heretofore neglected in classic teaching should merit consideration.Percussion as an aid in determining the presence of an enlarged spleen is mentioned only in passing in all the modern standard works on physical diagnosis. The consensus has been that the method is of little value because of interfering tympany resulting from contiguous structures — . . .
Induction or Augmentation of Labor and Autism—Reply
Authors: Marie Lynn Miranda, Rebecca Anthopolos, Simon G. Gregory
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
The Role of DNA Repair in Somatic Hypermutation of Immunoglobulin Genes
Authors: Nayun Kim, Ursula Storb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Immunoglobulin (Ig) genes are first modified through the V(D)J (V, variable; D, diversity; J, joining) recombination process in pre–B cells. The Rag1/Rag2-dependent V(D)J recombination generates a large repertoire of B lymphocytes, each expressing a unique antibody molecule. Rearranged Ig genes
Medical Guild of the Misericordia.
Authors: W. Th. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Westboro, Mass., July 10, 1899. <h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Medical Guild of the Misericordia is a society of medical practitioners and medical students interested in the work of mercy for the sorrowing and suffering. The guild comprises an order of brothers and associate communicants of the Anglo-Catholic Church in every land, with priests as chaplains whenever their services are required. The relief it seeks to afford in corporal works of mercy is: To feed the hungry; to give drink to the thirsty; to clothe the naked; to rescue the fallen; to visit the prisoner; to shelter the stranger; to visit the sick, and to bury the dead. Members of the guild obligate themselves to engage in any or all of the above works whenever occasion offers, and to consider it their especial duty to watch for opportunities for so doing. In a word, the object of the organization is to
Modularity, segregation, and interactions
Authors: Karl J. Friston
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

This commentary considers how far one can go in making inferences about functional modularity or segregation, based on the sorts of analyses used by Caplan &amp; Waters in relation to the underlying neuronal infrastructure. Specifically, an attempt is made to relate the “functionalist” approach adopted in the target article to “neuroreductionist” perspectives on the same issue.
Unusual Scintigraphic Findings of Synovial Sarcoma Metastases
Authors: PETER O. CHAU, SUMATHI MURTHY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Synovial cell sarcoma, which accounts for much less than 1% of all malignancies, arises from the cells associated with the synovium or the tendon sheath, bursa, or external capsule of the joint. The extremities' periarticular regions are commonly the primary site (94%). Synovial cell sarcoma affects young adults (mean age = 30) and usually spreads by the hematogenous route, while lymphatic spread is uncommon. At the time of initial diagnosis, the vast majority has no detectable distant metastases. However, if metastasis is present, 75% would develop in the lungs, 15% in the regional lymph nodes, 10% in bones. Metastases can appear as calcified nodules in 30–50% of cases. This case presents an unusual appearance of calcification in the right lower abdominal metastatic focus. In addition, calcification of the larger pulmonary metastatic foci were also visualized.
Primary Testicular Lymphoma Involving the Spermatic Cord and Gonadal Vein
Authors: Luke R. Scalcione, Douglas S. Katz, Michael S. Santoro, Sabrina Mahboob, Ruth L. Badler, Elizabeth Y. Yung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

We report a case of a 70-year-old man with a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma and a 3-month history of right hemiscrotal swelling. The patient underwent a CT scan, scrotal ultrasound, and F-18 FDG-PET scan to evaluate for metastatic prostate cancer. The CT scan demonstrated an ill-defined soft-tissue mass extending along the right gonadal vein. Scrotal ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous right testicular mass. The F-18 FDG-PET scan demonstrated intense hypermetabolic activity along the course of the right gonadal vein extending to the right hemiscrotum. Subsequent right radical orchiectomy and pathologic examination revealed a B-cell lymphoma, infiltrating the testicular parenchyma, spermatic cord, gonadal vessels, and adjacent soft-tissues. Lymphoma or other tumors rarely infiltrate the spermatic cord, and have only very rarely been demonstrated on PET imaging.
610. The Effect of In Vitro Antiviral Therapy on Lentiviral Transduction
Authors: Priscilla Yam, Paola Marcovecchio, Shirley Li, Jiing-Kuan Yee, John A. Zaia
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

With the advent of lentivirus vector (LV)-based gene transfer research, it is important to understand the potential effect of commonly used anti-HIV agents on lentivirus transduction efficiency. One would expect that a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) would inhibit LV-transduction, and one commonly used NRTI agent, tenofovir (PMPA) has a prolonged intracellular half-life. To explore the influence of NRTI drugs and protease inhibitors on lentiviral transduction, cord blood CD34 were treated with either PMPA, zidovudine (AZT), or indinavir before transduction with a recombinant lentivirus vector expressing eGFP. Cells were treated with the antiviral agents in vitro for 24hr and then the agents were removed from the media and lentivirus transductions were done at day 1, 3, and 9 post-treatment. The persistence of transduction inhibition after drug removal was determined, and these results were compared with the TCID50 of these agents against HIV strain IIIB. For the clinical HIV-1 challenge, virus was added at the time of drug removal. The TCID50 for PMPA, AZT, and indinavir vs HIV-1 by p24 ELISA were (1.4–3.2) μM, 27 nM and (5.2–58) nM respectively. The effects of the agents on transduction efficiency are shown in the table below. Both PMPA and AZT reduced the level of post-transduction gene expression 24-hr after drug removal by 69% and 86%, respectively, and this effect persisted for three days (28% and 86% inhibition, respectively). By day 9 post-treatment, the gene transfer efficiency had returned to 92% and 81%, respectively, of the untreated control. To determine if the decrease in gene transfer was due to drug toxicity, the cells were placed in methylcellulose colony forming assay. PMPA did not affect the number of CFUs but AZT did have an inhibitory effect (see ) which lasted until day 5. Indinavir had only a small effect on transduction at day 1 post-treatment. To further explore the effect of these antivirals on transduction efficiency, PMPA or indinavir were added at 2, 24, 36 72, and 96 hrs AFTER transduction. There was a 40% reduction by PMPA treatment at 2 hrs but no further reductions were observed. Tabled 1Percentage of Inhibition of lentiviral transduction by anti-HIV-1 agentsDays post RxUntreatedPMPA 5 uMAZT 100 uMIndinavir 1 uMDay 106 98 62 7Day 302 88 30Day 502 77 90Day 9081 90 Open table in a new tab Tabled 1Effect of AZR and PMPA on hematopoietic progenitor colonies in methylcelluloseDays post RxmockuntreatedPMPA 5 uMAZT 100 uMDay 11091021131 4Day 31371247 23 9Day 59 21658 4108 Open table in a new tab In conclusion, PMPA and AZT exposure pre-treatment can significantly inhibit tbransduction efficiency by lentivirus vectors, and this effect lasts for up to one week. There is little effect after 2 hours post-transduction. In gene transfer research studies involving HIV/AIDS patients, it is warranted to stop PMPA, AZT, and other NRTI therapies before blood cells are collected for the research transductions.
857-1 Neurodevelopmental outcome after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Authors: Paul M Kirshbom, Thomas B Flynn, Richard F Ittenbach, Diane M Hartman, Nancy B Burnham, Ronn E Tanel, Steven M Paridon, Thomas L Spray, Gil Wernovsky, J William Gaynor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Abstract 169: Temporal trends, predictors, and outcome of chemotherapy in elderly women with advanced stage endometrial cancer.
Authors: Gunjal Garg, Zainab Siddiq, Gongfu Zhou, Matthew A. Powell, Thomas Herzog, David G. Mutch, Jason D. Wright
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Objective. Randomized clinical trials have suggested that adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival for women with advanced stage (III-IV) endometrial cancer. Despite the fact the endometrial cancer is common in the elderly, a minority of women &amp;gt;65 years of age were represented in these trials. We performed a population-based analysis to determine the use and impact on survival of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly women with advanced stage endometrial cancer. Methods. The Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database was utilized to identify women diagnosed with stage III-IV endometrial cancer diagnosed from 1998-2007. Only those patients who had undergone a hysterectomy were included. The use of chemotherapy within 6 months of diagnosis and its impact on survival was examined using multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models. Results. A total of 1819 women including 1193 with stage III and 626 with stage IV tumors were identified. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 46% of women. Use of chemotherapy increased with time from 42% in 1998 to 63% in 2007 (P&amp;lt;0.0001). By 2007, 54% of women with endometrioid tumors, 82% with serous tumors and 80% with carcinosarcomas received adjuvant chemotherapy. Use of whole pelvic radiotherapy decreased slightly from 40% in 1998 to 37% in 2007 while use of brachytherapy was stable at 22%. In a multivariable regression model, later year of diagnosis, non-endometrioid histology, residence in the eastern U.S., and stage IV disease were associated with receipt of chemotherapy while older women were less likely to receive chemotherapy (P&amp;lt;0.05). In a multivariable model including clinical and demographic characteristics women who received chemotherapy, mortality was reduced by 17% (HR=0.83; 95% CI, 0.72-0.96) compared to those who did not receive chemotherapy. Conclusion. Although the use of chemotherapy for elderly women with advanced stage endometrial cancer is increasing, fewer than half of patients &amp;gt;65 years of age receive chemotherapy. In addition to year of diagnosis, stage and histology are the strongest predictors of receipt of chemotherapy. Among elderly women with endometrial cancer, chemotherapy is associated with a reduction in mortality. Citation Format: Gunjal Garg, Zainab Siddiq, Gongfu Zhou, Matthew A. Powell, Thomas Herzog, David G. Mutch, Jason D. Wright. Temporal trends, predictors, and outcome of chemotherapy in elderly women with advanced stage endometrial cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 169. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-169
The influence of rat mesenchymal stem cell CD44 surface markers on cell growth, fibronectin expression, and cardiomyogenic differentiation on silk fibroin – Hyaluronic acid cardiac patches
Authors: Ming-Chia Yang, Nai-Hsin Chi, Nai-Kuan Chou, Yi-You Huang, Tze-Wen Chung, Yu-Lin Chang, Hwa-Chang Liu, Ming-Jium Shieh, Shoei-Shen Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
The wrong approach?
Authors: K. A. Stokes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Heneghan and colleagues’ accusation of bias is based on certain specific criteria: lack of randomisation, lack of allocation concealment, lack of blinding, lack of intention to treat, and use of a surrogate outcome measure.1 These are important considerations in the design of any study, but they are not relevant to all study designs and to all primary outcome measures. To suggest …
The Clinical Significance of Lactic Acidosis.
Authors: Robert E. Tranquada
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 October 1964The Clinical Significance of Lactic Acidosis.Robert E. Tranquada, M.D.Robert E. Tranquada, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-812_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe metabolic roles of lactate and pyruvate have been well described. However, the clinical significance of elevations of blood lactate out of proportion to pyruvate are just beginning to be understood. We studied 35 patients representing a variety of underlying diseases, all of whom were found to have a metabolic acidosis (arterial pH < 7.30), frequently of great severity, accompanied by a rise in blood lactate to 10 mEq/liter or more, and an increase in the ratio of blood lactate to pyruvate of greater than 16. There were 14 males and 21 females, of whom 24 were white and 11... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1964Volume 61, Issue 4Page: 812-812KeywordsAcidosisBloodLactatesLactic acidosisMetabolic disordersPyruvate Issue Published: 1 October 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Vitamin E supplementation increased risk for prostate cancer in healthy men at a median of 7 years
Authors: Richard M. Hoffman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

ACP Journal Club21 February 2012Vitamin E supplementation increased risk for prostate cancer in healthy men at a median of 7 yearsRichard M. Hoffman, MD, MPHRichard M. Hoffman, MD, MPHNew Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA (R.M.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-4-201202210-02003 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationKlein EA, Thompson IM Jr, Tangen CM, et al. Vitamin E and the risk of prostate cancer: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA. 2011;306:1549-56. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21990298Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Oncology: References1 Lippman SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, et al. Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA. 2009;301:39-51. [PMID: 19066370] Google Scholar2 Coulter ID, Hardy ML, Morton SC, et al. Antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E for the prevention and treatment of cancer. J Gen Intern Med. 2006;21:735-44. [PMID: 16808775] Google Scholar3 Miller ER 3rd, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D, et al. Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:37-46. [PMID: 15537682] Google Scholar4 Office of Dietary Supplements. Dietary supplement fact sheet: vitamin E. National Institutes of Health. Updated 11 October 2011 (accessed 4 Dec 11). http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamine Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA (R.M.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 7 February 2012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPCaLiStDB: a lifestyle database for precision prevention of prostate cancerIs everything we eat associated with cancer? A systematic cookbook review 21 February 2012Volume 156, Issue 4Page: JC2-3KeywordsAntigensCancer preventionOilsOxidative stressProstate cancerSeleniumVitamin E ePublished: 21 February 2012 Issue Published: 21 February 2012 CopyrightCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF CHOLE-CYSTGASTROSTOMY ON GASTRIC ACIDITY
Authors: Ernest G. Grey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

It has been shown that small amounts of the digestive secretions normally present in the duodenum regurgitate into the stomach following operative anastomosis between the stomach and the upper intestinal tract. As the duodenal contents are alkaline in reaction this reflux is thought by many to result in a decrease in the acidity of the gastric contents. The purpose of the investigations reported here has been to determine the effect of bile on the acid chyme of the stomach. By means of a cholecystgastrostomy with ligation and division of the common bile duct in six dogs the bile was diverted from the duodenum into the stomach. The secretion of gastric juice and the acidity of the gastric contents throughout the period of digestion were followed before and after the anastomoses. For this purpose three of the dogs were provided with Pawlow stomach pouches. In the three remaining animals the test meals were recovered by using apomorphin injections. The results from the two series of experiments agree. They indicate, at least with a diet of meat and water, that bile when it is present in the stomach throughout the course of digestion has no appreciable effect on the acidity of the gastric contents. While the anastomosis of the gall bladder to the stomach occasioned some temporary anorexia and vomiting in two of the dogs, the four remaining animals bore the operation well. Three or four weeks subsequent to the operation the digestion and the nutrition appeared normal in each instance. Postmortem examinations revealed no pathological changes in the gastric mucosa.
BILIRUBIN REMOVAL BY ANION-EXCHANGE RESIN
Authors: U.M. Lopukhin, B.K. Shurkalin, U.A. Leykin, N.G. Evseev, M.N. Molodenkov, V.N. Kuznetzov, V.D. Gorchakov, A.S. Blagosklonov
Journal: The Lancet (1975)
Hemodilution Is Common in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Ana-Silvia Androne, Stuart D. Katz, Lars Lund, John LaManca, Alhakam Hudaihed, Katarzyna Hryniewicz, Donna M. Mancini
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Anemia frequently occurs in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and is associated with a poor prognosis. A low hematocrit may result from an increased plasma volume (hemodilution) or from reduced red blood cell volume (true anemia). The prevalence and clinical outcome of CHF patients with hemodilution is unknown.The prevalence of anemia and its effect on outcome was examined in 196 patients with CHF. The prevalence of hemodilution was assessed in a subset of 37 ambulatory anemic patients with I131-tagged albumin to measure red blood cell and plasma volume. Clinical outcome was monitored. Sixty-one percent of the CHF patients were anemic. The prevalence of anemia increased from 33% in patients with New York Heart Association class II heart failure to 68% in class IV CHF patients. Survival was reduced in anemic patients compared with patients with a normal hematocrit (P<0.05). In the subset of 37 anemic patients, 17 patients (46%) had hemodilution and 20 patients (54%) had a true anemia. Nine patients with hemodilution died or underwent urgent transplant compared with 4 patients in the true anemia group (P<0.04).Hemodilution is common in CHF patients. Anemia is associated with a poor prognosis in CHF. Patients with hemodilution tend to do worse than patients with true anemia, which suggests that volume overload may be an important mechanism contributing to the poor outcome in anemic CHF patients.
Charcoal burning is also popular for suicide pacts made on the internet
Authors: Dominic T S Lee, Kathy P M Chan, Paul S F Yip
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—Rajagopal's editorial discussed how strangers can initiate suicide pacts on the internet.1 The two cited Japanese suicide pacts both used a new suicide method, charcoal burning. These widely publicised pacts were followed by four additional pacts and 13 deaths in two months, all of whom used charcoal burning. …