tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DELIRIUM AS A SYMPTOM OF HYSTERIA.REPORT OF FOUR ILLUSTRATIVE CASES.
Authors: THEODORE DILLER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

As it is well known, delirium constitutes the final phase of classic attacks of major hysteria as depicted by Richer and copied in many text-books. But the whole subject of insanity, in relation to hysteria, is apparently in more or less confusion and doubt in the minds of many who have written on the subject. Doubtless, as pointed out by Raymond and Janet,<sup>1</sup>this is in a large measure due to the fact that such cases, as a rule, are not in their continuity studied by the same medical men; since they usually fall under the observation of physicians outside the asylum at first and later come under the observation of the asylum physicians. Thus, it happens that the first-named physicians are able to study only the earlier manifestations and the last-named the later manifestations, with the result that both sets of observations are
Points: Lares et penates
Authors: P McKelvie
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Mitral valve cusp separation on M mode echogram, the mitral valve opening artefact, and the onset of forward transmitral flow recorded by Doppler echocardiography have all been taken to mark the end of isovolumic relaxation, while its onset has been taken either as the aortic closure sound (A2) recorded phonocardiographically or the aortic closure artefact determined by Doppler technique. Possible differences in the measurement of the isovolumic relaxation time were studied when these landmarks were used in 44 healthy people, 14 patients with mitral stenosis, 21 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, and 24 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy by recording M mode echograms of the mitral valve, and pulsed and continuous wave Doppler spectra of transmitral flow, with simultaneous electrocardiograms and phonocardiograms. A2 was effectively synchronous with the aortic artefact. However, when the onset of Doppler flow was regarded as the end of isovolumic relaxation, the interval was significantly longer than when mitral cusp separation on M mode echograms was used: by 25 (10) ms in healthy individuals, by 25 (15) ms in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, and by 50 (35) ms in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. In patients with mitral stenosis the interval was only 5 (5) ms longer. The mitral valve opening artefact consistently followed the onset of flow and corresponded much more closely to the E point on the M mode echogram. This shows that it occurred during the rapid filling period and well beyond isovolumic relaxation by any definition. Thus isovolumic relaxation time measured from A2 to the onset of transmitral flow or the mitral valve opening artefact differs from that derived from A2 to mitral valve cusp separation. These intervals cannot be used interchangeably to measure "isovolumic relaxation time".
Systematic Review: Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation in Prevention of Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Lu Wang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Background: Vitamin D and calcium may affect the cardiovascular system independently and interactively. Purpose: To assess whether vitamin D and calcium supplements reduce the risk for cardiovascular events in adults. Data Sources: Studies published in English from 1966 to July 2009 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Study Selection: Two investigators independently selected 17 prospective studies and randomized trials that examined vitamin D supplementation, calcium supplementation, or both and subsequent cardiovascular events. Data Extraction: Three investigators extracted and checked data about study designs, participants, exposures or interventions, outcomes, and data quality. Data Synthesis: Five prospective studies of patients receiving dialysis and 1 study involving a general population showed consistent reductions in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among adults who received vitamin D supplements. Four prospective studies of initially healthy persons found no differences in incidence of CVD between calcium supplement recipients and nonrecipients. Results of secondary analyses in 8 randomized trials showed a slight but statistically nonsignificant reduction in CVD risk (pooled relative risk, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.05]) with vitamin D supplementation at moderate to high doses (approximately 1000 IU/d) but not with calcium supplementation (pooled relative risk, 1.14 [CI, 0.92 to 1.41]), or a combination of vitamin D and calcium supplementation (pooled relative risk, 1.04 [CI, 0.92 to 1.18]) compared with placebo. Limitations: Only articles published in English that reported cardiovascular event outcomes were included. The small number of studies, the lack of trials designed specifically to assess primary effects on cardiovascular outcomes, and important between-study heterogeneity preclude definitive conclusions. Conclusion: Evidence from limited data suggests that vitamin D supplements at moderate to high doses may reduce CVD risk, whereas calcium supplements seem to have minimal cardiovascular effects. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of these supplements in CVD prevention. Primary Funding Source: The American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
Harold Muchmore, MD: Antarctic medicine
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Early next month, a one-student cram course begins at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center for what may be the most unique assignment in medicine today: solo practitioner at the South Pole. Hot summertime Oklahoma City seems an unlikely place to prepare for practicing on the world's coldest continent. Nonetheless, each year a young physician-volunteer, destined to be the sole source of medical aid to some 20 scientists and support personnel cut off from the world for 81/2 months, goes there to learn about "cold weather isolation medicine" from Harold G. Muchmore, MD. Despite ranking among the world's medical authorities on Antarctica, Muchmore himself never has "wintered over" at the South Pole. But he has visited the Amundsen-Scott station (named for two early Antarctic explorers) there once or twice every year since 1970 and has spent enough hours in radiotelephone consultation with each year's winterbound physician to thoroughly
Intra-abdominal Injuries Caused by Automobile Seat Belts
Authors: John R. LeMire
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Automobile safety belts rarely cause intra-abdominal injury, especially if properly worn. Only 23 cases have been previously reported in the literature. When such injury does occur, evidence of it may not be apparent when the patient is first seen. The physician must be alert to this possibility. Physical findings, blood studies, paracentesis, and diagnostic roentgenograms may lead to the diagnosis or indicate the necessity for an exploratory laparotomy.
Peripheral regional aseptic neutrophilic lymphadenopathy associated with pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: F. Al-Niaimi, N.H. Cox
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

E‐mail: firas55@hotmail.com Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Neutrophilic dermatoses (NDs) are a group of disorders characterized by sterile, neutrophilic cutaneous infiltrates with or without the presence of systemic symptoms. The term encompasses Sweet syndrome (SS), pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SCPD), erythema elevatum diutinum, ND of the dorsal hands and others.1, 2 Underlying internal disorders, as described here, are frequently associated with PG and with other NDs.3 PG is an uncommon disorder of the skin characterized by a rapid onset of painful ulceration with a purple‐coloured border and a mucopurulent necrotic base. It may occur in isolation but is often associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis or haematological disorders.4, 5 Peristomal PG is particularly associated with IBD. Extracutaneous manifestations affecting the lung, joints, bowels, kidneys, eyes, heart, liver and spleen have been described with NDs, but predominate in SS.3, 6 These manifestations are separate from the internal features of the associated underlying disorder. Internal lymphadenopathy related to NDs has been reported in SCPD.7 We report a case of peripheral lymphadenopathy associated with PG in a patient with underlying ulcerative colitis (UC).
Bronchiolitis Obliterans in a Survivor of a Chemical Weapons Attack
Authors: J. W. W. Thomason
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Enhancing Sensation in Diabetic Neuropathic Foot With Mechanical Noise
Authors: Lalita Khaodhiar, James B. Niemi, Russell Earnest, Christina Lima, Jason D. Harry, Aristidis Veves
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—Localized low-level mechanical or electrical noise can significantly enhance tactile sensitivity in healthy young subjects and older adults. This phenomenon is termed stochastic resonance (SR). In this study, we examined the effect of SR on vibratory and tactile sensation in patients with moderate to severe diabetic peripheral neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 20 subjects were included in the study. The vibration perception threshold (VPT) test and the Semmes-Weinstein filament (SWF) threshold at the plantar surface of the left foot and the big toe were determined under two mechanical noise stimulus conditions: null (no noise) condition and at 10% lower than each subject’s mechanical noise threshold of perception. RESULTS—The baseline values (mean ± SD) were as follows: Neuropathy Symptom Score (NSS) 5.2 ± 2.5, Neuropathy Disability Score (NDS) 5.0 ± 2.1, VPT 24 ± 11 V, and SWF threshold 5.6 ± 0.8 at the plantar surface of the foot and 5.3 ± 0.9 at the big toe. The VPT improved significantly from 24 ± 11 under null condition to 19 ± 10 V with mechanical noise (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Mechanical noise also significantly increased the number of detections of the SWF at the plantar surface of the foot (detection rate 66 ± 11 vs. 59 ± 15%, P &amp;lt; 0.02) but not at the big toe (63 ± 10 vs. 61 ± 16%, P = NS). CONCLUSIONS—Mechanical noise stimulation improves vibration and tactile perception in diabetic patients with moderate to severe neuropathy. Additional studies are required to examine the effect of long-term noise stimulation on parameters of nerve function.
Alterations in Radioactive Isotope Renogram Pattern With Urinary Bladder Filling
Authors: John C. Harbert
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Patients without renal disease were examined with scintillation camera renography with the bladder filled and then emptied. Bladder filling produces a renogram pattern of prolonged transit time which is reproducible with or without catheterization. Patients should be asked to void before radioisotope renography, especially when the patient is given a water load and when more than one study is being performed.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids improve exercise capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: R Broekhuizen
Journal: Thorax (2005)

<b>Background:</b> Muscle wasting and decreased muscle oxidative capacity commonly occur in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been shown to mediate several inflammatory and metabolic pathways which may be involved in the pathogenesis of muscle impairment in COPD. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PUFA modulation on systemic inflammation, reversal of muscle wasting, and functional status in COPD. <b>Methods:</b> Eighty patients with COPD (57 men) with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) 37.3 (13.8)% predicted received 9 g PUFA or placebo daily in a double blind randomised fashion during an 8 week rehabilitation programme. Body composition (bioelectrical impedance), functional capacity (lung function, incremental cycle ergometry test, submaximal cycle test, isokinetic quadriceps strength) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α) were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks. <b>Results:</b> Both groups had similar increases in weight, fat-free mass (FFM), and muscle strength. The peak load of the incremental exercise test increased more in the PUFA group than in the placebo group (difference in increase 9.7 W (95% CI 2.5 to 17.0), p = 0.009) even after adjustment for FFM. The duration of the constant work rate test also increased more in patients receiving PUFA (difference in increase 4.3 min (95% CI 0.6 to 7.9), p = 0.023). The positive effects of PUFA could not be attributed to a decrease in systemic levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α. <b>Conclusions:</b> This is the first study to show beneficial effects of PUFA on exercise capacity in patients with COPD.
Partial antibiotic decontamination.
Authors: H F Guiot, R Furth
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Partial antibiotic decontamination and reverse isolation were carried out in nine patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. The aim of this approach was to eradicate the patient9s endogenous potentially pathogenic bacteria while preserving the anaerobic flora of the gut, which help to prevent recolonisation. No exogenous infections developed, and only one patient developed an infection associated with endogenous recolonisation. Colonisation resistance seemed normal in patients during partial antibiotic decontamination. This form of decontamination deserves further study in patients with immunodepression.
Bronchial Carcinoid and Parathyroid Adenoma
Authors: JOSE M. MARTINEZ-VAZQUEZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1984Bronchial Carcinoid and Parathyroid AdenomaJOSE M. MARTINEZ-VAZQUEZ, M.D., JOSE A. CAPDEVILA, M.D., ESTEBAN RIBERA, M.D., INMA OCAÑA, M.D., RAUL MUÑIZ, M.D.JOSE M. MARTINEZ-VAZQUEZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSE A. CAPDEVILA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ESTEBAN RIBERA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, INMA OCAÑA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RAUL MUÑIZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-6-916_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editior: In 1962 Williams and Celestin (1) published the first report of an association between bronchial carcinoid and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with three-gland disease. This association was reported again in 1972 (2), but to date no one has reported a case of bronchial carcinoid associated with parathyroid adenoma.A 60-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital after suffering from fever and mental dullness for 3 days. She had lumbar colic 2 months before admission; an intravenous urogram showed a right ureteral stone. On examination the patient appeared severely ill and was febrile with signs of dehydration....References1. WILLIAMS E and CELESTIN L. The association of bronchial carcinoid and pluriglandular adenomatosis. Thorax. 1962;17:120-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SNYDER N, SCURRY M, and DEISS W. Five families with multiple endocrine adenomatosis. Ann Intern Med. 1972;76:53-8. LinkGoogle Scholar3. LEVY J, HESSEL S, DIPPE S, and MCFARLAND J. Digital substraction angiography for localization of parathyroid lesions. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:710-2. LinkGoogle Scholar4. BONIKOS D and BENSCH K. Endocrine cells of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium. Am J Med. 1977;63:765-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SAMAAN N, HICKEY R, BEDNER T, and IBANEZ M. Hyperparathyroidism and carcinoid tumor. Ann Intern Med. 1975;82:205-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOSE M. MARTINEZ-VAZQUEZ, M.D.; JOSE A. CAPDEVILA, M.D.; ESTEBAN RIBERA, M.D.; INMA OCAÑA, M.D.; RAUL MUÑIZ, M.D.Affiliations: Ciudad Sanitaria "Valle de Hebron," Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona Barcelona-35 Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBronchial Carcinoid: A Clinical Follow-up Study of 33 CasesAcute primary hyperparathyroidism 1 June 1984Volume 100, Issue 6Page: 916-917KeywordsFeversMultiple endocrine neoplasiaParathyroid tumors ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
Perforation of the Superior Vena Cava
Authors: Steven Kappes
Journal: JAMA (1983)

IN 1977, immediate access to the circulation for long-term hemodialysis therapy was made possible by the introduction of a subclavian dialysis catheter.<sup>1</sup>While pneumothorax, thrombosis, venous air embolism, catheter fragmentation, infection, or brachial plexus injuries may theoretically complicate the use of this or any other central venous line,<sup>2-6</sup>lifethreatening perforation of the superior vena cava (SVC) has been reported only rarely among patients dialyzed with central catheters.<sup>1,7</sup>We describe a patient with intrathoracic hemorrhage and cardiopulmonary arrest secondary to the late erosion of a subclavian dialysis catheter through the SVC. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> Acute renal failure developed in a 71-year-old man after the emergency resection of an aortoenteric fistula. On the sixth postoperative day, a Teflon dialysis catheter (20 cm×1.8 mm) was placed uneventfully via a percutaneous left subclavian approach. A chest roentgenogram confirmed proper placement of the catheter in the SVC. Single-needle hemodialysis was then
Evaluating the Differences in Characteristics of Asthma Patients Initiating Budesonide/Formoterol Combination (BFC) and Fluticasone/Salmeterol Combination (FSC)
Authors: Frank Trudo, Ozgur Tunceli, David Kern, Ned Pethick, Hanaa Elhefni, Catrin Wessman, Siting Zhou, Setareh Williams
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
How the Sacrum Got Its Name-Reply
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The failure of reliance on authority is precisely what has happened, historically, to provoke alternate explanations of the derivation of<i>os sacrum</i>. Variant meanings of words, well-known through the ages, have culminated in Lewis Carroll's dictum from<i>Alice in Wonderland:</i>" 'When I use a word,' Humpty Dumpty said, in rather a scornful tone, 'it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less.' "
THE RELATION OF PLEUROPNEUMONIA-LIKE ORGANISMS TO THE CONJUNCTIVAL CHANGES OCCURRING IN MICE OF THE PRINCETON STRAIN
Authors: John B. Nelson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1950)

A selected colony free from ocular infection with pleuropneumonia-like organisms of the conjunctival type was developed from young Princeton mice delivered by cesarean section and reared by uninfected Swiss foster mothers. Young mice from this colony continued to show sporadic ocular manifestations similar to those observed in infected mice. This reaction was non-inflammatory in nature. The organisms previously recovered from the altered conjunctivae of Princeton mice were established on the conjunctivae of selected mice of the special colony both by direct contact and by the local implantation of ocular washings and concentrated cultures. The factors associated with the conjunctival reaction in infected Princeton mice are discussed.
Induction Of Tolerance Through Early Introduction Of Peanut In High-Risk Children, The LEAP Study
Authors: G. Du Toit, G. Roberts, P. Sayre, V. Turcanu, H.R. Fisher, D. Broide, L. Nirenstein, S. Radulovic, A. Stephens, V. Seyfert-Margolis, N. Nasser, S. Murphy, G. Lack
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Suppression of Human Growth Hormone Secretion by Melatonin and Cyproheptadine
Authors: G. A. Smythe, L. Lazarus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Pituitary growth hormone (GH) release in the rat is stimulated via serotoninergic pathways and can be inhibited by treatment with compounds that act as serotonin antagonists, such as cyproheptadine or the pineal gland hormone, melatonin. To investigate a possible role for serotonin in the control of human GH release, the effects of cyproheptadine and melatonin administration on the GH responses of normal male subjects were examined. The oral administration of cyproheptadine (8-12 mg daily for 5 days) to normal subjects reduced their GH responses to both insulin-induced hypoglycemia and physical exercise to a highly significant extent. Similarly, the mean GH responses of 10 subjects to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were significantly reduced after the prior oral administration of melatonin (1 g). The data presented show that serotonin antagonism has a similar effect on GH secretion in man to that observed in the rat and provides further evidence for serotoninergic, and possibly pineal, involvement in the control of human GH secretion.
Three-Wheeler Accidents
Authors: Thomas H. Cogbill
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  Originally used by farmers and adult sportsmen for transportation on uneven terrain, three-wheeled motorcycles have recently gained widespread popularity for purely recreational purposes. These vehicles can attain speeds up to 70 mph and are frequently operated by young children. This combination has resulted in an alarming number of accidents with serious injuries.  During the 12-month period ending December 1984, seventeen consecutive patients were admitted to the La Crosse (Wis) Lutheran Hospital for the treatment of injuries sustained in three-wheeler accidents. All 17 patients were male, and age ranged from 6 to 51 years- (mean, 16 years). Twelve patients (71%) were younger than 15 years. Common mechanisms of injury included rollover accident (six), collision with stationary object (four), collision with automobile (two), and fall from vehicle (two). Most frequent injuries were long-bone fractures (nine), craniocerebral trauma (four), thoracic injuries (three), spine fractures (two), and maxillofacial fracture (two). The