tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and coronary disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: E M C Sella
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

To evaluate the prevalence of myocardial perfusion abnormalities and the possible association between myocardial perfusion defects and traditional coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors as well as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) related risk factors.Female patients with SLE, disease duration >5 years, age 18-55 years, who had used steroids for at least one year were enrolled. Traditional CAD risk factors evaluated were arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, postmenopausal status, smoking, obesity, and premature family CAD profile. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy was evaluated by single photon emission computed tomography with technetium 99m-sestamibi at rest and after dipyridamole induced stress.Eight two female patients with SLE without angina pectoris with mean (SD) age 37 (10) years, disease duration 127 (57) months, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score 6 (5), and SLICC/ACR-DI score 2 (2) were evaluated. Myocardial perfusion abnormalities were found in 23 patients (28%). The mean (SD) number of CAD risk factors was 2.2 (1.6). There was a significant positive correlation between age and number of CAD risk factors. Lower high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level showed a significant association with abnormal scintigraphy. Logistic regression analysis showed that lower HDL cholesterol level and diabetes mellitus were associated with myocardial perfusion abnormalities. Current vasculitis was also associated with abnormal scintigraphy.Lower HDL cholesterol level and diabetes mellitus have a significant influence on abnormal myocardial perfusion results found in asymptomatic patients with SLE. Current vasculitis was associated with abnormal myocardial scintigraphy. These data suggest that abnormal myocardial scintigraphy may be related to subclinical atherosclerosis.
Are population-genetic mechanisms responsible for clustering of cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?
Authors: V Ferak, Z Kroupova, V Mayer
Journal: BMJ (1981)

epilepticus.Curarisation of the patient, although it stops the con- vulsions, does not arrest seizure activity in the brain, and so oedema and hypoxia develop further, producing possibly permanent brain damage.The long-term use of an anaesthetic gas, such as halothane, is unsuitable because of its general toxicity.Besides their anticonvulsive properties the barbiturates have been shown to protect the brain against anoxia and ischaemia and to lower the increased intracranial pressure.-)Barbiturate coma has recently been successfully used to trcat both severe traumatic brain damage and Reye's syndrome.5The treatment of intractable status epilepticus by general anaesthesia requires an intensive care unit with equipment for controlled ventilation and continuous monitoring of arterial pressure and cerebral function.Although the cerebral function monitor only partially reflects the pattern of electrical activity of the brain seen on an electroencephalogram, it provides an adequate record of the epileptic discharges, a particularly useful feature being its ability to show the events of several days on a short strip of paper.Follow-up of the neurological status of the patient by mere physical examination is not possible during general anaesthesia.This underlines the importance of adcquate diagnostic examinations, including computed tomography.
Is the sexual transmission of HCV real?
Authors: S POL
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

GBV-C/HGV RNA was investigated in serum samples from 70 HIV(+) intravenous drug users (IVDU), as well as from 200 blood donors from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Viral RNA was demonstrated in 21 IVDU by reverse transcription-nested PCR of the 5′ UTR. c-DNA amplified products were analyzed and their sequences compared with those downloaded from GenBank. A phylogenetic tree based on 171 sequences demonstrated the presence of three major genogroups, including two subgroups, within local samples, i.e. group 1 (n=1), 2a (n=11), 2b (n=4) and 3 (n=5). These results agreed entirely with those obtained by a novel RFLP (J. Clin. Microbiol. 37, 1340-1347, 1999) of the same 5′ UTR amplicons. As expected, GBV-C/HGV RNA prevalence was significantly higher among IVDU than among blood donors (P<0.0001), although within the latter group an unexpectedly high rate was also detected, since 11 of 200 sera (5.5%) proved positive. These viral isolates were ascribed either to subgroup 2a (n=5), subgroup 2b (n=5) or genogroup 3 (n=1). Briefly, this partial view of GBV-C/HGV molecular epidemiology in Argentina shows: (i) different rates of GBV-C/HGV infection within both IVDU and blood donors; (ii) a high prevalence of viral RNA among blood donors; and (iii) a predominant circulation of genogroup 2, with minor contribution of groups 3 and 1.
Diffuse and Active Inflammation Occurs in Both Vulnerable and Stable Plaques of the Entire Coronary Tree
Authors: Alessandro Mauriello, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Stefano Fratoni, Giampiero Palmieri, Elena Bonanno, Lucia Anemona, Robert S. Schwartz, Luigi Giusto Spagnoli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
The Emergence of the Hospital Internship
Authors: Robert L. Martensen
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maternal and Neonatal Listeriosis
Authors: R. G. Spector
Journal: BMJ (1965)

p. 880) on the technique employed by Dr.R. E. Loder.I have been concerned with this subject for the past 20 years.Before the introduction of muscle relaxants, when ether was used as the main agent in all anaesthetics requiring muscular relaxation, in order to avoid the unpleasant after-effects of ether I began to use a combination of light anaesthesia with Pentothal (thiopentone), N20, and oxygen with various regional blocks (intercostal for abdominal operations, para- vertebral for herniotomies, and pre-sacral for haemorrhoidectomy).When curare and like 23 October 1965 Correspondence M l JRTISH and Marsland technique.Histological exam- ination of both brains showed no other ab- normality.The mother of the first infant had previously had a stillborn infant.-Iam, etc.,
The influence of psychological factors on recovery from hysterectomy
Authors: M Shehmar, JK Gupta
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2010)

Hysterectomy is one of the most common gynaecological procedures performed in the non-pregnant woman.1 It can be performed through an incision in the abdomen, vagina or by a laparoscopic-assisted method. A Cochrane review of approaches to hysterectomy found a shorter hospital stay in women who have had a vaginal rather than a laparoscopic-assisted or abdominal hysterectomy,2 and the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has recommended a vaginal approach as first line.3 Regardless of this, in the real-life pragmatic situation, hospital statistics report that women who have undergone a vaginal hysterectomy, with no abdominal incisions, have an average postoperative stay of 3.2 days in England,4 which is longer than the laparoscopic approach and not much different to the stay after the abdominal route (Figure 1). This may indicate that in strictly controlled experimental designs clinicians are potentially achieving optimum care efficiency through their beliefs about therapy and through the inadvertent psychological preparation of all patients. This could be in the form of stringent consent procedures with increased access to support mechanisms and follow-up. It may be that patients' and healthcare professionals' beliefs and expectations of recovery play a more significant part in what actually occurs outside clinical trial settings. Aspects of this could be amenable to psychological intervention to improve recovery outcomes.



Figure 1

Incisions for hysterectomy and their associated recovery outcomes in clinical trials




Psychological preparation
Psychological preparation incorporates a range of strategies designed to influence how a person feels, thinks or acts (emotions, cognitions or behaviours). The benefits of psychological preparation for surgery have been evaluated in a meta-analysis.5 It identified many different types of psychological preparation, including procedural information, sensation information, behavioural instruction, hypnotic and relaxation training, psychotherapeutic interventions and cognitive behavioural approaches. They were found to be beneficial for a range of outcome variables such as negative affect, pain and pain medication, length of hospital stay, behavioural recovery, clinical recovery, physiological indices and satisfaction.
Data Audit for Clinical Trials
Authors: John R. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —Weiss et al 1 describe the audits of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B. These data audits, which focus on  eligibility, pretreatment evaluation, treatment, and response assessment, are certainly comprehensive. However, one notices the absence of any reference to audit data on concomitant medications administered to trial subjects. While many different concomitant medications are certainly allowable in most protocols, there is always the possibility of the introduction of an interfering medication, or one that clouds the reliability of the data. The administration of an interfering concomitant medication is usually classified as a major protocol violation. Since inappropriate concomitant medication can have an adverse effect on the reliability of a given subject's trial data, and indeed of the entire clinical trial, such should ideally be considered in any audit plan.
Juniors' contract dispute
Authors: N H N Mills
Journal: BMJ (1976)

staff willing to accept the necessary drop in salary in ordef to accept the doubtful privilege and the increased responsibility of a consultant appointment.Moreover, Europe is close at hand and even more doctors, both junior and senior, will be seen seeking a reasonable salary outside the United Kingdom.If the BMA really has the interests of hospital doctors in mind they must sink their differences with the Hospital Consultants and Specialists
Perinatal predictors of respiratory symptoms and lung function at a young adult age
Authors: H.M. Boezen, J.M. Vonk, W.M.C. van Aalderen, P.L.P. Brand, J. Gerritsen, J.P. Schouten, E.R. Boersma
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

A longitudinal cohort of 2,957 babies, born in 1975–1978, was used to investigate whether perinatal factors predict respiratory morbidity at a young adult age. In 1997, the presence of asthmatic (wheeze, nocturnal dyspnoea) and bronchitic (cough, phlegm, dyspnoea grade 3) symptoms and the level of lung function was determined in this cohort. The independent association between smoking during pregnancy, being first-born, birth weight and respiratory symptoms and lung function at young adult age was investigated using multiple regression models, taking other potential risk factors into account. Of 1,568 responders, 608 (39%, aged 18–22 yrs) had at least one respiratory symptom. The young adults who had a mother that smoked during pregnancy had a significantly lower level of lung function than their nonintra-uterine exposed peers (regression coefficient (B) (standard error): peak expiratory flow (PEF) −0.257 (0.131) L·s −1 ; forced expiratory flow when 25% of the forced vital capacity has been exhaled (FEF 25 ) −0.290 (0.129) L·s −1 ), although they were not at increased risk of having respiratory symptoms. Young adults who were first-born had better levels of lung function (B (se): forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) 0.090 (0.042) L) and were less likely to have asthmatic symptoms (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.58 (0.35–0.95)) than those not first-born. Low birth weight (FEV 1 −0.013 (0.004) L for a reduction of 100 g) was also predictive of reduced achieved levels of lung function at young adult age, independent of other potential risk factors, e.g. current smoking habits or familial predisposition. This study adds to the knowledge of the role of perinatal factors, such as smoking during pregnancy, as important predictors of respiratory morbidity.
Aureomycin Treatment of Herpes Zoster
Authors: Maxwell Finland, Edmund F. Finnerty, Harvey S. Collins, John W. Baird, Thomas M. Gocke, Edward H. Kass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

AUREOMYCIN and Chloromycetin are generally referred to as agents that are effective against "viral" infections. Their demonstrated therapeutic action in this field, however, has been limited to rickettsial diseases1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 and to infections with the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma venereum group.1 , 4 , 17 18 19 20 21 Aureomycin has also proved efficacious in cases of the so-called viral or primary atypical pneumonias.22 23 24 25 The etiology of the latter is still unknown beyond the demonstration that some of them may be transmissible by filtrates of materials from human cases.26 , 27 Neither of these agents has yet been proved to be effective against what might be called true viruses, such as those which cause . . .
Association between diencephalic thyroliberin and arterial blood pressure in agouti-yellow and ob/ob mice may be mediated by leptin
Authors: Adriana L. Burgueño, Maria S. Landa, Mariano L. Schuman, Azucena L. Alvarez, Julieta Carabelli, Silvia I. García, Carlos J. Pirola
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Afebrile bacteremia. A phenomenon in geriatric patients
Authors: R. Gleckman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A prospective study was performed in 25 elderly patients who experienced afebrile bacteremia during a 1.5-year interval. An explanation for the afebrile state was explored. Subtle findings, such as unexplained alterations in mental status or presence of leukocytosis, proved to be invaluable guides for performing blood cultures. Afebrile nosocomial bacteremias usually occurred as a complication of a malignant process or an intravascular catheter, and these episodes were invariably fatal.  (JAMA1982;248:1478-1481)
1313 AUTOANTIGEN IDENTIFICATION BY SEROLOGICAL PROTEOME ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH A NEW TYPE OF AUTOIMMUNE-LIKE HEPATITIS OCCURRING AFTER BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: R. Sobesky, E. Beleoken, J.-P. Le Caer, J.-H. Bouhris, M. Sebagh, B. Roche, C. Guettier, C. Johanet, D. Samuel, E. Ballot, J.-C. Duclos-Vallée
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Fcγ-Fragment and IgG Monoclonal Antibody Polarization of Human Macrophages; A Novel Immunomodulatory Mechanism
Authors: Ryan A. Steele, Michael J. Littlefield, Iryna Voloshyna, Mark A. Davis-Lorton, Marcella R. Aquino, Luz S. Fonacier, Allison B. Reiss
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Blood Levels of Long-Chain n–3 Fatty Acids and the Risk of Sudden Death
Authors: Christine M. Albert, Hannia Campos, Meir J. Stampfer, Paul M. Ridker, JoAnn E. Manson, Walter C. Willett, Jing Ma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Experimental data suggest that long-chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids found in fish have antiarrhythmic properties, and a randomized trial suggested that dietary supplements of n–3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of sudden death among survivors of myocardial infarction. Whether long-chain n–3 fatty acids are also associated with the risk of sudden death in those without a history of cardiovascular disease is unknown.
Factors predicting long‐term survival in low‐risk diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Michael B. Møller, Niels T. Pedersen, Bjarne E. Christensen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is widely used for risk stratification of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, even among patients with low-risk disease, according to the IPI a substantial proportion of patients ultimately succumb to their disease. Using mature population-based data from the Danish Lymphoma Group, we analyzed if prognostic clinical pretreatment factors could be identified in patients with low-risk DLBCL. One hundred seventy-seven patients, all with a prognostic profile as favorable as possible according to the IPI and treated with anthracycline-based combination chemotherapy (92%) or loco-regional radiotherapy/surgery (8%) with curative intent were included. The median age was 50 years and 170 achieved complete remission. The median follow-up time was 11 years. Twenty-six patients relapsed, with a median time to relapse of 12.1 months. Overall survival at 5 years and 10 years was 85% and 75%, respectively. Stage II was associated with poor response to treatment (P=0.044). In a multivariate analysis, Stage II (P=0.001) and age >50 years (P=0.043) were independently associated with poor outcome. Patients without these adverse factors had an excellent prognosis, with a survival at 5 and 15 years of 90% and 80%, respectively. In contrast, patients with both adverse factors had poor outcome, with survival at 5 and 15 years of 70% and 29%, respectively (P<0.001). The present data suggest that risk stratification of DLBCL patients with a favorable IPI score can be improved by the simple use of two clinical pretreatment factors.
EFFECT OF METFORMIN ON MYOCARDIAL INJURY IN KNOWN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A PROPENSITY-SCORE MATCHED ANALYSIS
Authors: Suresh Basnet, Andrzej Kozikowski, Amgad N. Makaryus, Roman Zeltser, Renee Pekmezaris, Meredith Akerman, Martin Lesser, Gisele Wolf-Klein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Myocardial Blood Flow in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: SUZANNE B. KNOEBEL, PAUL L. MCHENRY, ANTHONY J. BONNER, JOHN F. PHILLIPS
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Sixteen patients, 10 with significant three-vessel coronary artery disease (&gt;50% occlusion of each vessel) and six without coronary disease, had nutrient myocardial blood flow, cardiac output, pressure time/min and arterial pressure determinations at rest, with atrial pacing and with right atrial pacing plus nitroglycerin. In the patients with coronary disease, nutrient myocardial blood decreased an average of 16% ( P &lt; 0.001) with pacing alone but increased by 22% ( P &lt; 0.001) from the pacing flows with the addition of 0.4 mg sublingual nitroglycerin at the same pacing rate. The directional changes in myocardial blood flow were unrelated to perfusion pressure or pressure work. In the patients without coronary disease, opposite effects were observed. With right atrial pacing, nutrient myocardial blood flow increased by 23% ( P &lt; 0.02). With the addition of nitroglycerin, myocardial blood flow decreased by 15% ( P &lt; 0.02). These changes were directionally related to changes in pressure-work of the heart It is suggested that the findings in this study are consistent with observations made in the experimental animal which indicate that the effect of nitroglycerin may be partly due to a redistribution of myocardial blood flow.
Perspective of Prothrombin
Authors: H. P. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1963)

<h3>Objective:</h3> The effect of <i>mHTT</i> on human development was examined by evaluating measures of growth in children at risk for Huntington disease (HD). <h3>Methods:</h3> Children at risk for HD with no manifest symptoms (no juvenile HD included) were enrolled and tested for gene expansion for research purposes only. Measurements of growth (height, weight, body mass index [BMI], and head circumference) in children tested as gene-expanded (n = 20, 7–18 years of age, CAG repeats ≥39) were compared to those of a large database of healthy children (n = 152, 7–18 years of age). <h3>Results:</h3> Gene-expanded children had significantly lower measures of head circumference, weight, and BMI. Head circumference was abnormally low even after correcting for height, suggesting a specific deficit in brain growth, rather than a global growth abnormality. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> These results indicate that, compared to a control population, children who were estimated to be decades from HD diagnosis have significant differences in growth. Further, they suggest that <i>mHTT</i> may play a role in atypical somatic, and in particular, brain development.
Review of the results of excision of the metatarsal heads in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D K Faithful, D L Savill
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1971)

DR. D. RAJAPAKSE (London) In one set of experiments the harvesting was done on the 5th day and in the other on the 6th day.Might this not account for wide variation in the uptake of thymidine?DR. DAVEY In the first group of experiments we did not find any marked difference in the results, whether cultures were harvested at day 5 or day 6, but this is clearly very late in lymphocyte culture time and there tended to be a fairly wide variation.It is late even for antigen stimu- lation, and I think that in some of the cultures the pH had dropped so much that we were getting rather slight effects.
Progress in the Clinical Use of 3-(Ortho-Toloxy)-1, 2-Propanediol (Mephenesin) in Neurologic Disorders
Authors: Donald S. Bickers, George A. Cohn, Margaret B. Rheinberger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

THE distress of many motor disorders is produced by exaggerated stretch reflexes (spasticity), excessive resistance to passive movement (rigidity) or abnormal involuntary movement of central origin (hyperkinesia).To be satisfactory, a therapeutic agent must be easy to administer, preferably orally, effective in prolonged administration and devoid of untoward side effects. Specifically, it should depress abnormal motor activity without impairing consciousness, coordination or normal motor functions. Numerous agents used on this service and elsewhere have failed in one or more respects. Parpanit,1 Prostigmine and intravenous injection of procaine have been ineffective. Though the belladonna alkaloids have been helpful in selected cases . . .
Relative costs of home and hospital confinement.
Authors: J A Stilwell
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The first study in a series concerned with the costs of different strategies of maternity care showed the differences between the costs of booked confinement at home, in a GP hospital for 48 hours, and in a consultant obstetric unit for 48 hours to be small. The study costed 1977 home confinements in Dudley and compared them with matched samples of hospital births. The factors that compensated, in the home booked deliveries, for the cost of hospital stay were an average of 11 extra visits from community midwives, midwife attendance for six hours at delivery, and a proportion who were transferred to hospital after receiving the extra antenatal care of a home booked delivery. This differential transfer rate is a crucial factor that merits further investigation. Family-borne costs were included in the study. The most significant was time off work by the husband. Average family costs were 68 pounds, about 30% of public sector costs. Any acceptable strategy of home confinements must provide for last-minute transfers to hospital.