tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interferon treatment of chronic active hepatitis C during therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Peter Waldron
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Due to concerns that antineoplastic therapy produces prolonged decrease in immune function, interferon treatment of chronic active hepatitis C (CAHC) has been used only at one year or longer after the end of cancer therapy. We report the experience of an 11-year-old who developed symptomatic CAHC at the start of maintenance therapy for testicular relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Significant dose reduction of maintenance therapy did not improve the tolerance of antileukemic treatment. In an effort to improve his liver disease and to deliver effective antileukemic therapy, interferon alpha and an alternative maintenance therapy regimen for ALL were initiated. The patient tolerated the combined therapy well. Interferon therapy was continued for 27 months, which was three months from the end of antineoplastic therapy. At that time serum transaminase values were normal, and no HCV viral genome was detectable. Viral genome was detected 10 months later. The combined effects of interferon and antineoplastic therapy resulted in myelosuppression requiring dose reduction of both treatments. The patient remains asymptomatic and with no evidence of recurrent leukemia more than six years from diagnosis of relapse. The effect on the status of this patient's CAHC was similar to that reported among leukemic patients who underwent an interferon course more than one year from the end of antineoplastic therapy. Interferon treatment of CAHC can be given concomitantly with antineoplastic therapy.
Teens’ Use of Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco Declines
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interpretation of the Bernstein Test: A Reappraisal of Criteria
Authors: GERALD R. WINNAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

We evaluated the esophageal acid infusion test (Bernstein test) in respect to the following questions: Does chest pain predictably disappear after cessation of acid infusion, and what is the relation between esophageal intraluminal pH and the degree of chest pain relief? Forty patients with subjective and objective evidence of gastroesophageal acid reflux, in whom esophageal acid infusion had reproduced substernal burning in a mean time of 3.1 minutes +/- 0.8 SE, graded pain relief after stopping acid infusion when saline was being infused. Complete pain relief occurred in 47.5% of patients over a 20-minute period. In six patients, esophageal pH was monitored for 30 minutes after administration of saline, antacid, placebo-antacid, and no treatment for a positive acid infusion test. Esophageal pH returned to normal (greater than 4.0) at the same rate (from 5.0 to 8.3 minutes) among patients in the four treatment groups, whereas chest pain continued and esophageal pH did not correlate with pain relief. The grading of pain relief was similar among the treatment groups, except at the 5-minute period when antacids resulted in significantly better relief than no treatment.
Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition does not affect the healing of cutaneous full-thickness incisional wounds in SKH-1 mice
Authors: E.A.G. Blomme, K.S. Chinn, M.M. Hardy, J.J. Casler, S.H. Kim, A.C. Opsahl, W.A. Hall, D. Trajkovic, K.N. Khan, C.S. Tripp
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

The inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme is upregulated in inflammatory diseases, as well as in epithelial cancers, and has an established role in angiogenesis and tissue repair.Because of these physiological effects and the widespread use of the selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, we wanted to determine if inhibition of COX-2 would affect incisional skin wound healing.Using a cutaneous full-thickness, sutured, incisional wound model in hairless SKH-1 mice, we evaluated the role of COX-2 in the wound healing process by comparing the effects of a nonselective COX inhibitor, diclofenac, with a selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-791. Healing was monitored for up to 28 days postincision histologically and for recovery of wound strength.COX-2 expression was observed over the first week of healing, peaking at day 3 and was not affected by treatment with the selective COX-2 or nonselective COX inhibitors. Infiltrating macrophages, as well as keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts at the wound site, expressed COX-2. Neither selective COX-2, nor nonselective COX inhibition had a significant effect on the macroscopic or microscopic morphology of the wounds, whereas dexamethasone treatment resulted in epidermal and granulation tissue atrophy. In addition, neither selective COX-2, nor nonselective COX inhibition altered keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, dermal angiogenesis or the recovery of wound tensile strength, whereas dexamethasone reduced the tensile strength of the wounds by 30-38% throughout the healing period.These data indicate that selective COX-2 inhibition does not affect the healing of surgical skin wounds.
Skin diseases in Zambia
Authors: A. V. RATNAM, K. JAYARAJU
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

This is the first report on the incidence of skin diseases in Zambians. A diagnostic analysis of 12,610 patients seen over the past year in the Dermatology Clinic at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia, is presented. The common diseases as well as the peculiarities are discussed. The need to develop research centres in various regions of Africa is emphasized in order to provide better insight into the special dermatological problems seen in the black Africans.
Digoxin in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Jerry Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Drs Kulick and Rahimtoola<sup>1</sup>is to be praised for the strength of its references. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said for the strength of its conclusions. In congestive heart failure, as in other conditions, we treat patients to relieve their symptoms or to help them live longer. There is no evidence that digoxin will prolong the life of a patient with heart failure and systolic dysfunction who is well compensated on a diuretic or a diuretic—angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (eg, enalapril maleate or lisinopril given<i>once</i>daily) regimen. Until relevant data become available, some physicians will begin digoxin early and others will reserve it until later in the patient's clinical course. Despite the 43 references supplied by the authors, no definitive clinical trial comparing those two strategies has been performed. Therefore, the authors' conclusions that digoxin be initiated early and that vasodilator therapy should
Preconception Notion: Childhood Leukemia Risk Linked to Paternal Exposure
Authors: K. Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Preconception Notion: Childhood Leukemia Risk Linked to Paternal Exposure Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 7, 4 April 1990, Page 548, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.7.548 Published: 04 April 1990
James Henderson Williamson
Authors: I. Brown
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner Hailsham, East Sussex (b 1920; q Aberdeen 1953), died from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma on 15 June 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Jimmie showed an early talent for languages (he took an MA at Aberdeen in 1939). When he volunteered for the Gordon Highlanders at the outbreak of the second world war, he was posted to the Intelligence Corps. After serving in north Africa, Italy, and Austria, he was demobilised and became a travel courier to fund medical training. For 20 years he was in general practice in South Africa, returning to the UK in 1974. He leaves a wife, Nancy; three children; and three grandchildren.
Targeting Medical Errors
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mangalam Kumaraswamy Sridhar
Authors: Eamonn Brankin, Martyn R Partridge
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​ConsultantConsultant respiratory physician Charing Cross Hospital and honorary senior lecturer Imperial College London 2001-6 (b Madras, India, 1962; q Madras 1986; MRCP, PhD), d 29 June 2006.



Figure 1



Mangalam Sridhar, Sri to his many friends, moved to the United Kingdom shortly after qualifying and worked in Edinburgh, Inverness, and Glasgow. His PhD was in nutritional studies of those with chronic lung disease. Sri became consultant physician in thoracic and general medicine at Staffordshire General Hospital in 1996, where he was active in the local branch of the British Lung Foundation, and moved to Charing Cross Hospital in 2001. A fine sportsman, he leaves a wife, Geetha, and a daughter.
Pregnancy outcome in women before and after cervical conisation: population based cohort study
Authors: S. Albrechtsen, S. Rasmussen, S. Thoresen, L. M Irgens, O. E. Iversen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Objectives</b> To examine the consequences of cervical conisation in terms of adverse outcome in subsequent pregnancies. <b>Design</b> Population based cohort study. <b>Data sources</b> Data on cervical conisation derived from the Cancer Registry of Norway and on pregnancy outcome from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, 1967-2003. 15 108 births occurred in women who had previously undergone cervical conisation and 57 136 who subsequently underwent cervical conisation. In the same period there were 2 164 006 births to women who had not undergone relevant treatment (control). <b>Results</b> The proportion of preterm delivery was 17.2% in women who gave birth after cervical conisation versus 6.7% in women who gave birth before cervical conisation and 6.2% in women who had not undergone cervical conisation. The relative risk of a late abortion (&lt;24 weeks' gestation) was 4.0 (95% confidence interval 3.3 to 4.8) in women who gave birth after cervical conisation compared with no cervical conisation. The relative risk of delivery was 4.4 (3.8 to 5.0) at 24-27 weeks, 3.4 (3.1 to 3.7) at 28-32 weeks, and 2.5 (2.4 to 2.6) at 33-36 weeks. The relative risk of preterm delivery declined during the study period and especially of delivery before 28 weeks' gestation. <b>Conclusion</b> Cervical conisation influences outcome in subsequent pregnancies in terms of an increased risk of preterm delivery, especially in the early gestational age groups in which the clinical significance is highest. A careful clinical approach should be taken in the selection of women for cervical conisation and in the clinical care of pregnancies after a cervical conisation.
RADIUM TELETHERAPY: NOTE ON THE APPARATUS AT PRESENT IN USE AT THE WESTMINSTER HOSPITAL WITH FOUR GRAMS OF RADIUM
Authors: F. R. Carling
Journal: BMJ (1930)

RHEUMATISMI [ TjtR BnRLrSHbietter by rest anid worse by exercise, and that they may be accOlinJ)a d by siight fev-er.mw i nay be sharp or miiore iil tle n-Lnre of a dull aching pain.We cannot possibly initllittii 'iltht a.ll muscular pains in.clildren are tr uly llicinaticR.Delicate nervous c'lilldreii w'ith ite-stil toxac;linia, acidosis, and vasornotor disturblances get simiilar pa.is, and therefore in diagnosis the whole picture of the chilld has to be taken into consi(ler-ationi.Pains in the n i wrillS rists, aiid fingers are iusually rheumiatic;.anid the .a. e miay be sdid of stiff neck, in thwe absence of enlarged glands.111 tllis group with sore tlhroats and(I pains a certain number of childreni 'will develop serious rheumiiatism, ulsually arlthritis and heart disease, with perhaps nodules.The aissociationi between tonsillitis anid chorea is less close than that betweeni tonsillitis anid arthritis.
GPs should reduce antibiotic use with alternative treatments
Authors: M. Nissen
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Increasing evidence accumulating from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews suggests that the benefits of antibiotics in upper respiratory tract illnesses in childhood are modest. Nasrin et al have shown that the use of antibiotics in such cases increases the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the children.1 Their study provides yet more urgency to reduce the use of antibiotics in general practice for acute …
THE WASSERMANN REACTION
Authors: PAUL FILDES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1911)

Journal Article THE WASSERMANN REACTION Get access PAUL FILDES, M.B., B.C. PAUL FILDES, M.B., B.C. Assistant to Dr. W. Bulloch, Bacteriologist to the London Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 23, Issue 1, 1 January 1911, Pages 13–18, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1911.tb16652.x Published: 01 January 1911
Association of Dental Caries and Blood Lead Levels
Authors: Mark E. Moss
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextExperiments show that dental caries rates are higher among lead-exposed animals, but this association has not been established in humans.ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between blood lead levels and dental caries.DesignCross-sectional survey conducted from 1988 to 1994 that included a dental examination and venipuncture blood lead assay.Setting and ParticipantsA total of 24,901 persons aged 2 years and older who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which assessed the health and nutritional status of children and adults in the United States.Main Outcome MeasuresFor children aged 2 to 11 years, the sum of decayed and filled deciduous or primary surfaces; for persons aged 6 years and older, the sum of decayed and filled permanent surfaces; for those 12 years and older, the sum of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces.ResultsThe log of blood lead level was significantly associated with the number of affected surfaces for both deciduous and permanent teeth in all age groups, even after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, diet, and dental care. Among children aged 5 to 17 years, a 0.24-µmol/L (5-µg/dL) change in blood lead level was associated with an elevated risk of dental caries (odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.5). Differences in blood lead level explained some of the differences in caries prevalence in different income levels and regions of the United States. We estimated the population attributable risk of lead exposure to be 13.5% and 9.6% of dental caries occurring in 5- to 17-year-olds exposed to the high and moderate levels, respectively.ConclusionsEnvironmental lead exposure is associated with an increased prevalence of dental caries in the US population. Findings may help explain the distribution of caries by income and region of the United States.
Paternal Occupational Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- <i>p</i> -dioxin and Birth Outcomes of Offspring: Birth Weight, Preterm Delivery, and Birth Defects
Authors: Christina C. Lawson, Teresa M. Schnorr, Elizabeth A. Whelan, James A. Deddens, David A. Dankovic, Laurie A. Piacitelli, Marie H. Sweeney, L. Barbara Connally
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Agent Orange is a phenoxy herbicide that was contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). We studied pregnancy outcomes among wives of male chemical workers who were highly exposed to chemicals contaminated with TCDD and among wives of nonexposed neighborhood referents. For exposed pregnancies, we estimated serum TCDD concentration at the time of conception using a pharmacokinetic model. The mean TCDD concentration for workers' births was 254 pg/g lipid (range, 3-16,340 pg/g). The mean referent concentration of 6 pg/g was assigned to pregnancies fathered by workers before exposure. A total of 1,117 live singleton births of 217 referent wives and 176 worker wives were included. Only full-term births were included in the birth weight analysis (greater than or equal to 37 weeks of gestation). Mean birth weight among full-term babies was similar among referents' babies (n = 604), preexposure workers' babies (n = 221), and exposed workers' babies (n = 292) (3,420, 3,347, and 3,442 g, respectively). Neither continuous nor categorical TCDD concentration had an effect on birth weight for term infants after adjustment for infant sex, mother's education, parity, prenatal cigarette smoking, and gestation length. An analysis to estimate potential direct exposure of the wives during periods of workers' exposure yielded a nonstatistically significant increase in infant birth weight of 130 g in the highest exposure group (TCDD concentration > 254 pg/g) compared with referents (p = 0.09). Mothers' reports of preterm delivery showed a somewhat protective association with paternal TCDD (log) concentration (odds ratio = 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.1). We also include descriptive information on reported birth defects. Because the estimated TCDD concentrations in this population were much higher than in other studies, the results indicate that TCDD is unlikely to increase the risk of low birth weight or preterm delivery through a paternal mechanism. Key words: birth defects, birth weight, congenital anomalies, dioxin, occupation, paternal exposure, preterm birth, TCDD.
Excess Mortality and Its Relation toHypertension and Proteinuria in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shu-Li Wang, Jenny Head, Clynda Stevens, John H Fuller
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To determine the extent that mortality in IDDM and NIDDM patients is inexcess of that of the general population and examine its relation to hypertension and proteinuriain diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A stratified random sample of 4,714 diabetic patients aged 35–55 years participating in the World Health Organization MultinationalStudy of Vascular Disease in Diabetes has been followed up from 1975 to 1987. Excess mortality,compared with the background population, was assessed in terms of standardized mortalityratios (SMRs) for each of the 10 international cohorts. The relationship between excess mortalityand proteinuria/hypertension was examined by diabetes type and sex. RESULTS SMRs were in general higher in patients with IDDM (ranging from 188 to 686 formen and from 336 to 790 for women) than with NIDDM (from 138 to 370 for men and from 126to 435 for women). For both diabetes types and in both sexes, SMRs decreased with increasingage and increased with increasing diabetes duration. Patients with both hypertension and proteinuria experienced a strikingly high mortality risk: 11-fold for men with IDDM and 18-fold forwomen with IDDM and 5-fold for men with NIDDM and 8-fold for women with NIDDM. Evenin the absence of proteinuria and hypertension, SMRs were significantly increased in both IDDM(284 men and 360 women) and NIDDM (192 men and 236 women) patients. CONCLUSIONS Considerable international differences were found not only in mortalityrates for the two types of diabetes but also in the extent of excess mortality among centers. IDDM patients had a high excess mortality in comparison with the general population. The significantexcess mortality was demonstrated even in patients without proteinuria and without hypertension for both sexes and diabetes types.
The iron lung – a polio patient's story
Authors: Marshall Barr
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2010)

I developed polio in 1949 when I was about 7 years old. I remember not feeling very well and not being able to get out of bed. It then transpired that I was paralysed down the left side. The doctor came and I was taken to the Royal Berkshire Hospital. I was in hospital over Christmas which I remember quite fondly because it was quite fun really, although I couldn’t sit up. I know my parents spent Christmas Day with me. After that I cannot remember the details but I was taken to Oxford, I think it was to the Churchill. At that time it was thought a good idea to put patients out in the cold. I remember being pushed out of the veranda windows in the bed in February. I was sent home still unable to walk fully. I did not have callipers or anything like that but I was too weak down the left side. When I went back to school for half-days I had to be taken in a wheel-chair. But by the time I got to about 10, I was ‘normal’ apart from the fact that my back had started to curve: my spine was curved, but it did not stop me doing anything.
Part 7: CPR Techniques and Devices
Authors: Diana M. Cave, Raul J. Gazmuri, Charles W. Otto, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Adam Cheng, Steven C. Brooks, Mohamud Daya, Robert M. Sutton, Richard Branson, Mary Fran Hazinski
Journal: Circulation (2010)

A variety of CPR techniques and devices may improve hemodynamics or short-term survival when used by well-trained providers in selected patients. All of these techniques and devices have the potential to delay chest compressions and defibrillation. In order to prevent delays and maximize efficiency, initial training, ongoing monitoring, and retraining programs should be offered to providers on a frequent and ongoing basis. To date, no adjunct has consistently been shown to be superior to standard conventional (manual) CPR for out-of-hospital basic life support, and no device other than a defibrillator has consistently improved long-term survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Nonvisualization of Spleen Following Blunt Trauma
Authors: AMARJIT S. KOCHAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

The common scintigraphic finding in splenic injury due to blunt abdominal trauma is a discrete photopenic defect due to subcapsular hematoma. Fragmentation of the organ or the presence of "double density" sign due to splenic fracture are also seen frequently. A patient is presented with absent blood flow and nonvisualization of the spleen because of traumatic disruption of hilar blood vessels. Such scan findings as a result of trauma can pose diagnostic problems in patients with sickle cell disease.