tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9385: Longer History of Diabetes Attenuates Benefit of Low-Dose Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events: A subanalysis from the JPAD Trial
Authors: Sadanori Okada, Takeshi Morimoto, Hisao Ogawa, Masao Kanauchi, Mio Sakuma, Hirofumi Soejima, Masafumi Nakayama, Naofumi Doi, Atsushi Kubo, Yasuhiro Akai, Takahiro Kawano, Hideaki Jinnouchi, Masako Waki, Seigo Sugiyama, Shiro Uemura, Yoshihiko Saito
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Benefit of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events remains controversial in patients with diabetes. We have conducted the JPAD trial to evaluate whether low-dose aspirin could prevent cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes and no history of cardiovascular disease. The JPAD trial randomly assigned 2,539 patients to the aspirin group (81 or 100 mg daily) or the no aspirin group, and followed for 4.4 years. In the JPAD main trial, low-dose aspirin did not reduce cardiovascular events overall. On the other hand, the efficacy of aspirin on primary prevention has been proven in general population at high risk by previous clinical trials. Therefore, we hypothesized that longer history of diabetes attenuates aspirin's benefit for primary prevention. The analysis included 2,301 patients whose onset of diabetes was reported. We stratified patients according to quartile duration of diabetes at baseline, and assessed aspirin's benefit for prevention of cardiovascular events. The hazard ratio of aspirin's benefit was 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50 to 1.61), 1.05 (95% CI: 0.55 to 2.02), 0.90 (95% CI: 0.44 to 1.80), and 0.34 (95% CI: 0.12 to 0.81) for patients with baseline duration of diabetes of ≥12.3, 7.0 to 12.3, 2.9 to 7.0, and &lt;2.9 years, respectively. Next, we analyzed to identify any threshold duration of diabetes below which aspirin's benefit changed. The longer duration of diabetes gradually decreased aspirin's benefit for prevention of cardiovascular events (Figure). Low-dose aspirin significantly reduced cardiovascular events in the patients with baseline duration of diabetes of ≤8 years. These results suggested that longer history of diabetes diminishes benefit of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events. Although further studies are needed, our findings might explain that the aspirin's benefit is proven in general population at high risk but not in all patients with diabetes.
The Beginning of the End for Cervical Cancer?
Authors: Christopher P. Crum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

In this issue of the Journal, Koutsky et al.1 complete a 20-year odyssey that began with the isolation of the cancer-causing human papillomaviruses (HPVs).2,3 In 1983, investigators in zur Hausen's laboratory established HPV type 16 (HPV-16) as the leading candidate in the pathogenesis of preinvasive and invasive cervical neoplasia.2,4 More than 20 types of papillomavirus have now been identified and associated with cervical cancer. A critical property of oncogenic papillomaviruses is the extremely low number of particles of infectious virus detected. This lack of working material stifled early vaccine research, even as researchers solved the intricate puzzle of . . .
IMPACT OF COMORBIDITIES ON HEART FAILURE HOSPITALIZATIONS AND ALL CAUSE HOSPITALIZATIONS IN AMBULATORY PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Sukhdeep S. Basra, Mirza Umair Khalid, Ravi Hira, Salman Bandeali, Salim Virani, Vijay Nambi, David Aguilar, Hani Jneid, Biykem Bozkurt, Anita Deswal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
IMPACT OF ETHNICITY ON PROBNP1-108, BNP1-32 AND NTPROBNP1-76 LEVELS IN HYPERTENSIVE CAUCASIANS AND HISPANICS
Authors: Elizabeth Costello, Guido Boerrigter, Maria A. Canossa-Terris, Denise M. Heublein, Catherine Larue, Paul A. Kurlansky, John C. Burnett
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Error in Mithramycin Dosage in Annals of Internal Medicine
Authors: Edward Huth
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> An error in drug dosage was published on page 68 in the article, "Therapy of Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders," by R. D. Lindeman and S. Papper, in the January 1975 issue of<i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i>(82:64, 1975). The doses of mithramycin for treatment of hypercalcemia, as described in the fifth paragraph of the first column on page 68, should be 25μg per kilogram of body weight and 150μg per kilogram of body weight per week, not 25 mg per kilogram of body weight and 150 mg per kilogram of body weight per week, as published. Readers ofThe Journalshould call this error to the attention of their colleagues and librarians (who should correct this error in library copies). A notice of this error is being published in the March 1975 issue of<i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i>.
Volvulus of Caecum, associated with Putrid Puerperal Endometritis and Gangrenous Vulvitis
Authors: I. Rose
Journal: BMJ (1941)

and the ulcer was healed within three weeks.He has been seen since on many occasions, and when last examined, seven years after the operation, he was in goQd general condition, able to do some work and to walk at least 300 yards without trouble. PrognosisThe prognosis of this form of thrombosis may be de- scribed as good with regard to the life of the limb, but as poor with regard to function.Some degree of claudication and restricted use is the rule. SummaryA condition of sudden thrombosis in the arteries of the extremities is described and treatment is discussed.For the more severe and persistent disabilities section of the sympathetic supply is advocated.
Theory and Technique in Dynamic Psychotherapy – Curative Factors and Training Therapists to Maximize Them
Authors: Lester Luborsky
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

Three principles of curative factors in dynamic psychotherapy are reviewed: (1) Achieving a helping relationship; (2) achieving self-understanding, and (3) maintaining the gains. A new development in psychotherapy research is illustrated: the creation of operational measures that relate to the curative factors: the therapeutic alliance, the transference, accuracy of interpreting the transference, insight, change in transference and psychiatric severity. Such operational measures can be reliably estimated from psychotherapy sessions because they specify what each measure represents. A special format for training therapists to foster these curative factors is presented called 'group training in supervision of psychotherapy'.
Doctors Have Feelings Too
Authors: William M. Zinn
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The medical encounter, like all human interaction, is unavoidably emotion laden. Rather than viewing them as something to be overcome, the emotional responses of the physician can be analyzed for information about the patient or about the physician. The emotional states of patients arouse complementary reactions in the clinician that are diagnostic clues to important clinical syndromes such as depression or character disorders. Conversely, the physician can have idiosyncratic responses to patients that can lead to inappropriate diagnostic and therapeutic choices or to avoidance of particular problems or patients. Self-awareness is the key to utilizing these reactions to improve the patient-physician relationship.
Long noncoding RNA EWSAT1-mediated gene repression facilitates Ewing sarcoma oncogenesis
Authors: Michelle Marques Howarth, David Simpson, Siu P. Ngok, Bethsaida Nieves, Ron Chen, Zurab Siprashvili, Dedeepya Vaka, Marcus R. Breese, Brian D. Crompton, Gabriela Alexe, Doug S. Hawkins, Damon Jacobson, Alayne L. Brunner, Robert West, Jaume Mora, Kimberly Stegmaier, Paul Khavari, E. Alejandro Sweet-Cordero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Chromosomal translocation that results in fusion of the genes encoding RNA-binding protein EWS and transcription factor FLI1 (EWS-FLI1) is pathognomonic for Ewing sarcoma. EWS-FLI1 alters gene expression through mechanisms that are not completely understood. We performed RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis on primary pediatric human mesenchymal progenitor cells (pMPCs) expressing EWS-FLI1 in order to identify gene targets of this oncoprotein. We determined that long noncoding RNA-277 (Ewing sarcoma–associated transcript 1 [EWSAT1]) is upregulated by EWS-FLI1 in pMPCs. Inhibition of EWSAT1 expression diminished the ability of Ewing sarcoma cell lines to proliferate and form colonies in soft agar, whereas EWSAT1 inhibition had no effect on other cell types tested. Expression of EWS-FLI1 and EWSAT1 repressed gene expression, and a substantial fraction of targets that were repressed by EWS-FLI1 were also repressed by EWSAT1. Analysis of RNAseq data from primary human Ewing sarcoma further supported a role for EWSAT1 in mediating gene repression. We identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (HNRNPK) as an RNA-binding protein that interacts with EWSAT1 and found a marked overlap in HNRNPK-repressed genes and those repressed by EWS-FLI1 and EWSAT1, suggesting that HNRNPK participates in EWSAT1-mediated gene repression. Together, our data reveal that EWSAT1 is a downstream target of EWS-FLI1 that facilitates the development of Ewing sarcoma via the repression of target genes.
Design Principles of Vascular Beds
Authors: Axel R. Pries, Timothy W. Secomb, Peter Gaehtgens
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Hemodynamic parameters were determined in each vessel segment of six complete microvascular networks in the rat mesentery by using a combination of experimental measurements and theoretical stimulations. For a total number of 2592 segments, a strong unified dependence of wall shear stress on intravascular pressure for arterioles, capillaries, and venules was obtained. All three types of segments exhibit an essentially identical variation of shear stress from high to low values (from approximately 100 to 10 dyne/cm2) as intravascular pressure falls from 70 to 15 mm Hg. On the basis of these observations, it is proposed that vascular beds grow and adapt so as to maintain the shear stress in each vessel at a level that depends on local transmural pressure. In contrast to Murray's classic 'minimum-cost' hypothesis, which implies uniformity of wall shear rate throughout the vasculature, the proposed design principle provides an explanation for the functionally important arteriovenous asymmetry of wall shear rates and flow resistance in the circulation.
Remarks ON RECENT PROGRESS IN CONNEXION WITH SYPHILIS: Delivered at a Meeting of the Hampstead Division of the Metropolitan Counties Branch
Authors: D. Power
Journal: BMJ (1912)

OUR knowledge of syphilis has made such strides during tlre last.decade that we are almost justified.insaying much of what we were taught as students was wrong.A quarter of a century ago.ourmasters,were only beginning to free themselves from the great.error into which John Hunter had fallen when he wrote in the least illuminating of his scientific contributions:The matter of gonorrhoea wvill produce either a gonorrhoea, a clharcre, or the lues venerea; and the matter of a chancre will produce either a gonorrhoea, a chancre, or the lues venerea.This statement, coming with all the force of Hunter's great authority, rendered the whole question of venereal disease chaotic where formerly there had been some gl'immering of light.To the great loss of science, Hunter paid'for the mistake with his life, since there is little doubt that .hedied 'of -'syphilitic 'disease of 'the arterial system, a result of the experiment upon which he based his inaccurate conclusion.In acc'ordance with his teaching, mercury was given for a time in every case of venereal disease without m'ethod and 'merely for the relief' of
Mesangial cell autoantigens in immunoglobulin A nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
Authors: D J O'Donoghue, A Darvill, F W Ballardie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The autoantigen(s) that we have previously described in human glomeruli, recognized in IgA nephropathy, has (have) been identified as mesangial cell in origin. Cultured mesangial cells expressed 48- and 55-kD components binding IgG isotype autoantibodies (IgG-MESCA) present in sera of patients with both IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). IgG-MESCA were not detected in sera of normals, or patients with other autoimmune-mediated glomerulonephritides: anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, Wegener's granulomatosis, or in IgM-mesangial proliferative disease. Binding specificity was proven by F(ab')2 studies in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting, and there was no significant affinity of IgA or IgM immunoglobulins. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated IgG from ELISA-positive sera localized to the mesangium and peripheral capillary loops of glomeruli, supporting the belief that the antigen is expressed in normal human renal tissue. However, only about one third of mesangial cells in culture showed affinity for IgG from ELISA-positive sera, suggesting variable expression of the antigen(s) in vitro. The only autoantigen(s) present in glomeruli, and extractable from whole normal glomeruli by the techniques employed, localized on the mesangial cell. In both IgA nephropathy and HSP, autoimmunity was intermittently present, with fluctuating levels of IgG-MESCA detectable in sera. There were positive correlations with the degree of glomerular injury assessed by erythrocyturia and proteinuria in IgA nephropathy, but significance was reached with only the degree of hematuria in HSP. These findings suggest a contributing role in the pathogenesis of the mesangial proliferative lesions and demonstrate autoimmunity common to both IgA nephropathy and HSP.
Surgery for Peptic Ulcer
Authors: H. Burge
Journal: BMJ (1964)

p. 1133), prompted me to examine the case records of 489 cases treated with buccal pitocin.There was no incidence of uterine rupture, maternal mortality, or foetal mor- tality, and there were only three cases of excessive uterine action.All three responded quickly (15-20 minutes) to withdrawal of the tablets from the buccal pouch.Hyperactivity of this nature (contractions at one-minute intervals) has occurred in the control group.Furthermore, in 31 cases where buccal oxy- tocin failed intravenous Pitocin (oxytocin) was successful in 10 cases only.No one can deny that a risk of uterine rupture exists-as reported by Dr. P. M. Leney (12 September, p. 689) and Dr. H. 0. Nicholson (3 October, p. 876), but spon- taneous rupture does also occur and in fact did so in one case of the non-buccal group.I do not think that obstetricians using buccal oxytocin deny the place, or better con- trol, of intravenous oxytocin.However, oral administration is generally preferred to the parenteral even if there is some slight loss in performance-cf.oral iron and Ferrivenin (saccharated iron oxide).Thus I cannot agree that buccal pitocin is a retrograde step, and the evaluation of 489 cases treated with the buccal hormone would support Mr.
Giant cell arteritis causing aortic dissection and acute hypertension
Authors: Y. M Smulders, D. W M Verhagen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Recent onset hypertension should prompt investigation for secondary causes 

Recent onset hypertension should prompt investigation for secondary causes. This search routinely includes screening for mineralocorticoid excess, renal artery stenosis, and, in selected cases, phaeochromocytoma. We present the case of an elderly woman with recent onset hypertension, hypokalaemia, and a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The cause of the hypertension was presumed to be aortic dissection with compromised renal blood flow, but the erythrocyte sedimentation rate provided the clue to the final diagnosis.

A 74 year old woman was referred because of general malaise and hypertension. During the previous months she had reported fatigue, lack of appetite and weight loss, and muscle weakness. About three weeks before admission she had had sudden onset abdominal pain and diarrhoea, for which no medical aid was sought and which subsided spontaneously after a few days. Her medical history was unremarkable. In particular, her blood pressure had been only mildly raised (160/90 mm Hg, measured repeatedly during previous years, most recently two months before admission).

On examination she had severe hypertension (215/125 mm Hg) but no other abnormalities. Results of vascular, funduscopic, and abdominal examination were normal. Routine laboratory tests showed a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (85 mm/h), low plasma sodium (131 mmol/l) and potassium (2.8 mmol/l), moderately raised serum creatinine (111 μmol/l), and mild chronic metabolic alkalosis (arterial pH 7.51, bicarbonate 32 mmol/l). Urinary potassium concentration was 51 mmol/l, and there …
Acetazolamide and Chlorothiazide in the Treatment of Ascites Due to Cirrhosis of the Liver
Authors: Ralph M. Myerson, Robert E. Stout, Anthony L. Forte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

RETENTION of sodium and water is an important factor in the formation of ascites in cirrhosis of the liver, and the therapy of this condition usually involves measures to decrease the oral intake of sodium and to increase the urinary output by the use of diuretics. A number of patients with ascites, however, remain refractory to this program and do not respond successfully to other adjunctive measures, including the use of salt-poor albumin, potassium-containing anion-exchange resins, ACTH and corticosteroids.The introduction of newer diuretic compounds such as the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide§ and chlorothiazide¶ afforded further possible means for producing . . .
Pulmonary veno‐occlusive disease as a cause for reversible pulmonary hypertension in a patient with multiple myeloma undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
Authors: Pankaj Malhotra, Subhash Varma, Neelam Varma, Rati Ram Sharma, Sanjay Jain, Savita Kumari, Rohit Manoj, Neelam Marwaha
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)
MIGRATION AND MITOSIS IN THE EPIDERMIS
Authors: C.S. Potten, W.J. Hume, E.K. Parkinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article MIGRATION AND MITOSIS IN THE EPIDERMIS Get access C.S. Potten, C.S. Potten Paterson Laboratories, Christie Hospital & Holt Radium Institute, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 9BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. Hume, W.J. Hume Paterson Laboratories, Christie Hospital & Holt Radium Institute, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 9BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.K. Parkinson E.K. Parkinson Paterson Laboratories, Christie Hospital & Holt Radium Institute, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 9BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue 6, 1 December 1984, Pages 695–699, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb14153.x Published: 01 December 1984
Physicians and the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Julian L. Berman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters1 December 1990Physicians and the Pharmaceutical IndustryJulian L. Berman, MDJulian L. Berman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-11-900_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: I have followed with interest the argument about the ethical aspects of the relation between physicians and the pharmaceutical industry. Dr. Robert Noble (1) and others tell us that our obligation is, in essence, to boycott all pharmaceutical-industry-related advertising and educational activities.Dr. Noble (1) writes, "We should decide that the monies in the huge advertising budgets are not ours. Some physicians say, 'This money will be spent anyway; let's use it responsibly for education, not pizzas.' Wrong. We should not use the money at all." This statement implies that advertising is an invalid way for companies...References1. Noble R. Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:408. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. . Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:624-6. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Julian L. Berman, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1990Volume 113, Issue 11Page: 900-900 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Intra-neuronal vesicular uptake of catecholamines is decreased in patients with Lewy body diseases
Authors: David S. Goldstein, Courtney Holmes, Irwin J. Kopin, Yehonatan Sharabi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson disease (PD), are characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies - cytoplasmic inclusions containing α-synuclein protein aggregates - in the affected neurons. A poorly understood feature of Lewy body diseases is loss of sympathetic nerves in the heart and other organs, manifesting as orthostatic hypotension (OH; also known as postural hypotension). We asked whether sympathetic denervation is associated with decreased uptake of catecholamines, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, into storage vesicles within sympathetic neurons. We used 6-[18F]-dopamine (18F-DA) to track myocardial uptake and retention of catecholamines. Concurrently, the fate of intra-neuronal 18F-DA was followed by assessment of arterial plasma levels of the 18F-DA metabolite 18F-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (18F-DOPAC). The ratio of myocardial 18F-DA to arterial 18F-DOPAC provided an index of vesicular uptake. Tracer concentrations were measured in patients with PD with or without orthostatic hypotension (PD+OH, PD-No-OH); in patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF, a Lewy body disease without parkinsonism); in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA, a non-Lewy body synucleinopathy); and in normal controls. Patients with PD+OH or PAF had decreased vesicular 18F-DA uptake and accelerated 18F-DA loss, compared with MSA and control subjects. PD-No-OH patients could be subtyped into one of these categories based on their initial 18F-DA uptake. We conclude that sympathetic denervation in Lewy body diseases is associated with decreased vesicular uptake of neuronal catecholamines, suggesting that vesicular monoamine transport is impaired. Vesicular uptake may constitute a novel target for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Stem Cell Therapy in Perspective
Authors: Bodo E. Strauer, Ran Kornowski
Journal: Circulation (2003)

he concept of regenerative medicine using the body's own stem cells and growth factors to repair tissues may become a reality as new basic science works and initial clinical experiences have "teamed-up" in an effort to develop alternative therapeutic strategies to treat the diseased myocardium.In particular, revealing the signals that mediate cellular growth and differentiation may provide novel tools designed for myocardial regeneration in patients sustaining ischemic cardiomyopathy syndromes.We attempt herein to provide a critical overview of recent developments of myocardial cell transplantation strategies.
Israeli doctors cancel elective surgery in dispute over pay
Authors: J. Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The Israel Medical Association has declared a dispute with the government over pay, and members have cancelled elective surgery for several days, 11 years after the association agreed to a no strike clause.

It is also calling for the healthcare system to be reorganised and given substantially more state funding.

The association gave up the right to strike in exchange for arbitration in a dispute over its salaries contract in 2000, at the end of a 127 …