tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relational developmental systems: A paradigm for developmental science in the postgenomic era
Authors: Willis F. Overton, Richard M. Lerner
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract This commentary argues that the anomalies suffered by the population behavior genetics paradigm are more widespread than suggested by Charney, including many made in the field of developmental science. Further, it is argued that, according to the criteria established by Kuhn, there is and has been available an alternative scientific paradigm that provides the formative context for Charney's postgenomic view. This is the relational developmental systems paradigm.
Human Milk as Source of Herellea Organisms
Authors: D. A. A. Mossel
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The interesting report, "The Human Skin as a Source of<i>Mima-Herellea</i>Infections," by Taplin et al (<i>JAMA</i><b>186</b>:952 [Dec 7] 1963) prompts me to bring to the attention of your readers our findings about raw human milk as a source of<i>Herellea</i>organisms.<sup>1</sup>In 69% of 50 fresh samples of raw human milk, each pooled from 10 to 20 different donors to the Regional Human Milk Bank at the Pasteur Institute, Lille, France, these organisms were detected. Viable counts ranged from 10 to 5.6 × 10<sup>3</sup>/ml. All organisms visibly oxidized 1% glucose and 10% lactose; citrate was assimilated, growth occurred at 44 C, and TTC (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride) was strongly reduced; 74% of the strains hydrolyzed gelatin, 26%, urea, whereas none was found to be oxidase positive, to reduce nitrate, or to form indole or hydrogen sulfide from cysteine. The organisms were at that
Unusual Widespread Metastatic Subcutaneous Lesions in a Patient With Ileal Carcinoid Evidenced by 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT
Authors: Federico Caobelli, Claudio Pizzocaro, Natale Quartuccio, Ugo Paolo Guerra
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT has been widely validated in diagnosis and follow-up of carcinoid. A 47-year-old woman with ileal carcinoid underwent a 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT for restaging purposes. Images showed extensive liver involvement and also a widespread metastatic subcutaneous metastases in the right chest wall and in the right laterocervical region. The presence of multiple soft-tissue metastases, as described in our case and imaged with 68Ga-DOTATOC, represents a very rare clinical entity.
Posterior mitral leaflet motion in mitral stenosis.
Authors: J A Levisman, A S Abbasi, M L Pearce
Journal: Circulation (1975)

A reduced rate of diastolic closure of the anterior mitral leaflet has been shown to occur in mitral stenosis, primary pulmonary hypertension, and in cases with reduced left ventricular compliance. Posterior notion of the posterior mitral leaflet in diastole has been the distinguishing feature to rule out the diagnosis of mitral stenosis. We have analyzed echocardiograms of 167 patients with mitral stenosis and have found 16 cases where the posterior mitral leaflet moved posteriorly, that is, in an opposite direction from the anterior mitral leaflet. Two other features were found that were helpful in establishing the diagnosis of mitral stenosis in these atypical cases, namely, thickening of the mitral leaflets and reduction or absence of the artrial wave.
Rapamycin reverses NPM-ALK-induced glucocorticoid resistance in lymphoid tumor cells by inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway, enhancing G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
Authors: L Gu, J Gao, Q Li, Y P Zhu, C S Jia, R Y Fu, Y Chen, Q K Liao, Z Ma
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Health bill will do little to meet challenges facing NHS, three Labour, Tory, and Lib Dem politicians agree
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

There was strong cross party agreement about the challenges the NHS faces when Alan Milburn, Shirley Williams, and Stephen Dorrell MP met on 22 November under the auspices of Policy Exchange, the market oriented think tank. Alas for the health secretary, the strongest agreement of all was that his health bill will do little to meet those challenges.

“If we’re not careful, a perfect storm threatens to engulf the NHS,” said Mr Milburn, a former Labour health secretary. If we get the next few years wrong—“and we show every sign of doing so”—then the growth of demand and of expectations would collide with the reality of diminished real resources. Many trends were running in the wrong direction, he said, citing the fact that 50% of resources were spent in hospitals and only 20% in primary care, and that, according to the Audit Commission, hospital spending was still rising …
Macrophage activation, age and sex effects of immunometabolism in obese asthma
Authors: Hashim A. Periyalil, Lisa G. Wood, Hayley A. Scott, Megan E. Jensen, Peter G. Gibson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Obese asthma is characterised by infiltration of adipose tissue by activated macrophages and mast cells. The aim of this study was to examine the age and sex effects of immunometabolism in obese asthma. Obese and non-obese asthmatic children and adults underwent spirometry, body composition assessment by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and measurement of serum soluble CD163 (sCD163), tryptase, C-reactive protein (CRP) and other adipocytokines. Plasma CRP (p&lt;0.01) and leptin (p&lt;0.01) were elevated in obese asthmatic adults, and sCD163 (p=0.003) was elevated in obese asthmatic children. We observed significantly higher sCD163 in obese female children compared to obese female adults and male children, and higher CRP in obese female adults compared to obese male children and adults. Serum tryptase concentrations were not significantly different across age groups. sCD163 positively correlated with the proportion of android fat in obese female children (r=0.70, p=0.003) and obese female adults (r=0.65, p=0.003). In obese female children, sCD163 was inversely associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted (r=−0.55, p=0.02) and was positively associated with the Asthma Control Questionnaire (r=0.57, p=0.02). Obese children with asthma have sex-specific macrophage activation, which may contribute to worse asthma control and lung function. The heterogeneous systemic inflammatory profile across age and sex suggests the existence of sub-phenotypes in obese asthma at the molecular level.
Infliximab Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Systemic Vasculitis
Authors: A.D. Booth, D.R.W. Jayne, R.K. Kharbanda, C.M. McEniery, I.S. Mackenzie, J. Brown, I.B. Wilkinson
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Endothelial vasomotor dysfunction and markers of systemic inflammation are independent determinants of cardiovascular risk. However, the link between clinical inflammation and endothelial dysfunction is unclear. The aim of this study was to use anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated systemic vasculitis (AASV) as a model of systemic inflammation in which to test the hypothesis that inflammation is associated with endothelial dysfunction and can be reversed with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) therapy.Fourteen patients with active AASV and 21 age-matched control subjects were studied. Endothelial function was assessed through the use of forearm plethysmography and related to clinical disease activity: Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and TNF-alpha. The effects of anti-TNF-alpha therapy (infliximab), either alone (n=6) or in combination with standard treatment (n=4), on endothelial function were subsequently determined. Patients had a mean BVAS of 11+/-1, and CRP and IL-6 were higher in the AASV group than in control subjects (34.8+/-10.5 versus 1.6+/-0.2 pg/mL, P<0.001; 9.0+/-0.7 versus 6.7+/-0.6 pg/mL, P=0.02). Forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine (ACh) was reduced in the patients compared with control subjects (P=0.002), but sodium nitroprusside (SNP) responses were not (P=0.3). The response to ACh improved with infliximab treatment (P=0.004) in particular, with infliximab alone (P=0.03).AASV is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Anti-TNF-alpha therapy, alone or in combination with standard treatment, results in clinical remission, reduced inflammation, and improved endothelium-dependent vasomotor responses.
Effect of Systemic Adjuvant Treatment on Risk for Contralateral Breast Cancer in the Women's Environment, Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Study
Authors: Lisbeth Bertelsen, Leslie Bernstein, Jørgen H. Olsen, Lene Mellemkjær, Robert W. Haile, Charles F. Lynch, Kathleen E. Malone, Hoda Anton-Culver, Jane Christensen, Bryan Langholz, Duncan C. Thomas, Colin B. Begg, Marinela Capanu, Bent Ejlertsen, Marilyn Stovall, John D. Boice, Roy E. Shore, Jonine L. Bernstein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

BackgroundResults from randomized trials indicate that treatment with tamoxifen or chemotherapy for primary breast cancer reduces the risk for contralateral breast cancer. However, less is known about how long the risk is reduced and the impact of factors such as age and menopausal status.
Review: Fondaparinux reduces VTE and recurrence in superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg
Authors: Scott M. Stevens
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

ACP Journal Club21 August 2012Review: Fondaparinux reduces VTE and recurrence in superficial thrombophlebitis of the legScott M. Stevens, MDScott M. Stevens, MDIntermountain Medical Center and University of Utah, Murray, Utah, USA (S.M.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-4-201208210-02004 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationDi Nisio M, Wichers IM, Middeldorp S. Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012(3):CD004982. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22419302Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Hospitalists: Hematology: Reference1 Cosmi B, Filippini M, Tonti D, et al; STEFLUX Investigators. A randomized double-blind study of low-molecular-weight heparin (parnaparin) for superficial vein thrombosis: STEFLUX (Superficial ThromboEmbolism and Fluxum). J Thromb Haemost. 2012;10:1026-35. [PMID: 22487001] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Intermountain Medical Center and University of Utah, Murray, Utah, USA (S.M.S.)This article was published at Annals.org on 7 August 2012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 August 2012Volume 157, Issue 4Page: JC2-4KeywordsHeparinNSAIDsPulmonary embolismResearch designSurgerySystematic reviewsUltrasound imagingVenous thromboembolism ePublished: 21 August 2012 Issue Published: 21 August 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
In vivo characteristics of low molecular weight copoly(L-lactic acid/glycolic acid) formulations with controlled release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist
Authors: Asano Masaharu, Fukuzaki Hironobu, Yoshida Masaru, Kumakura Minoru, Mashimo Tooru, Yuasa Hisako, Imai Kyoichi, Yamanaka Hidetoshi, Suzuki Keiji
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1989)
THE EFFECT OF PLEASANT AND UNPLEASANT IDEAS ON THE RESPIRATORY PATTERN (SPIROGRAM) IN PSYCHONEUROTIC PATIENTS
Authors: JACOB E. FINESINGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1944)

1. The spirogram tracings were analyzed for irregularities in pattern in a series of 64 psychoneurotic patients and 24 normal control subjects during periods of induced ideational stimuli. During the second, third and fourth periods, the subjects were directed to think of pleasant, unpleasant, and again of pleasant ideas. During the first period no direction was given, and during the last period the patients were asked to relax. 2. The respiratory tracings were analyzed for sighing respirations, minor fluctuations, major fluctuations, and points off an arbitrary line for the upper and lower border of the tracings. 3. The most consistent changes were observed on comparing the unpleasant period with its preceding pleasant period. Significant changes were found in all of the items in 43 patients (Group I) with diagnoses of hysteria, anxiety neurosis and reactive depression. In the remaining 21 patients (group II) whose diagnoses were hypochondriasis, compulsion neurosis and questionable schizophrenia, a significant change was found in only two items on com paring the tracings for the unpleasant period and its preceding pleasant period. 4. Induced unpleasant ideas were associated with an increase in sighing respirations in both groups of patients and in the control subjects. These changes were significant for patients of Group I and for the control subjects. 5. Induced unpleasant ideas were associated with significant increases in patients of Group I in upper minor fluctuations, upper major fluctuations, points off the upper line, and lower minor fluctuations. 6. No significant changes were found during the unpleasant period in any of the items for Group II patients and for the control subjects.
Operative vaginal delivery and neonatal and infant adverse outcomes: population based retrospective analysis
Authors: Kitaw Demissie, George G Rhoads, John C Smulian, Bijal A Balasubramanian, Kishor Gandhi, K S Joseph, Michael Kramer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The effect of intragastric arterial infusion of pentagastrin on gastric histamine release was evaluated in mongrel dogs in vivo. Histamine secretory rates were evaluated by measuring the arterial and gastric venous plasma histamine concentrations at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min into pentagastrin infusions, and gastric blood flow was continuously monitored. Histamine secretory rates were calculated by subtracting the arterial from the venous histamine concentrations and multiplying the difference by gastric plasma flow. Two separate 20-min infusions of pentagastrin, separated by 60 min, resulted in a peak of histamine release in 5 to 10 min that returned to base line within 20 min. During the first infusion, histamine release peaked at 179 ng/min, whereas, during the second infusion, histamine peaked at 125 ng/ml. The increase in gastric blood flow to pentagastrin correlated with the increases in histamine release. Somatostatin infused into the gastric artery to attain a concentration of 10 nM, a concentration that results in the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, abolished the gastric histamine release to pentagastrin. In addition, somatostatin also attenuated the gastric vasodilation to pentagastrin. Our data indicate that, in the in vivo dog model, pentagastrin can cause a pulsed release of gastric histamine, and somatostatin inhibits this release of histamine.
Vascular pattern of the palms – a clinical feature of atopic skin diathesis
Authors: C. Schuster, J. Smolle, W. Aberer, B. Kränke
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Atopic skin diathesis is a clinical term to describe skin atopics with previous, present or future atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS). In clinical practice, an unequivocal assessment of atopic skin diathesis in non-eczematous patients may be difficult. The majority of the known clinical features included in diagnostic scores are characteristic, but not specific markers of atopy. Especially, the vasoreactivity of atopic skin is disturbed. This is manifested by white dermographism, an irregular vascular response to thermal stimuli, and paradoxic skin reactions to histamine, cholinergic agents, and nicotinates.The aims of our study were to investigate the clinical morphology of palmar vascular reactions in skin atopic and non-atopic individuals, and to determine whether this abnormal vascular reaction is more pronounced in skin atopic individuals.Forty persons, 20 of them skin atopics, assessed by the Erlangen Atopy Score and an elevated serum IgE level (>150 U/ml), were included in a prospective single-centre study. Standardized digital photographs of the palms were presented in a blinded manner to five dermatologists in random order by means of the computerized imaging analysis system KS400 3.0.Evaluation of the original rgb (red, green, blue) color images and modified gray-level images showed that a pronounced reticular pattern of erythema of the palms was significantly (P < 0.0001) more common in skin atopics (72% and 69.6%, respectively).The gross vascular pattern of the palm might be an additional diagnostic feature of atopy, and further studies are needed to establish its exact prevalence.
Case 26-1963
Authors: Arthur T. Hertig, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Presentation of CaseA thirty-two-year-old gravida 5, para 3, housewife entered the hospital because of abdominal pain in the thirty-ninth week of an apparently normal pregnancy.The patient had had no previous serious illnesses. Her pregnancies had been uncomplicated except for a spontaneous abortion, which was treated by uterine curettage, seven years previously. At her last prenatal visit one week before entry she had no complaints. The total weight gain was 19 pounds. The uterine fundus was 25 cm. above the pubis, the fetus was active, and the cervix was closed and 50 per cent effaced. The blood pressure was . . .
305 Clinical evaluation of a human monoclonal antibody against the envelope protein (E2) of HCV for prevention of HCV infection
Authors: S DAGAN, R EREN, N GRUHAM, O NUSSBAUM, D TERKIELTAUB, N TERRAULT, R TURKASPA, Y LURIE, R SAFADI, Z AKERMAN
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Models for the transmission dynamics of mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) that incorporate exogenous re-infection are known to induce the phenomenon of backward bifurcation, a dynamic phenomenon associated with the existence of two stable attractors when the reproduction number of the model is less than unity. This study shows, by way of a counter example, that exogenous re-infection does not always cause backward bifurcation in TB transmission dynamics. In particular, it is shown that it is the transmission ability of the re-infected individuals, and not just the re-infection process, that causes the backward bifurcation phenomenon. When re-infected individuals do not transmit infection, the disease-free equilibrium of the model is shown to be globally-asymptotically stable (GAS) when the associated reproduction number is less than unity. The model has a unique endemic equilibrium whenever the reproduction threshold exceeds unity. It is shown, using a Lyapunov function, that the unique endemic equilibrium is GAS for the special case with no disease-induced mortality and no transmission by re-infected individuals. It is further shown that even if re-infected individuals do transmit infection, backward bifurcation only occurs if their transmissibility exceeds a certain threshold. Sensitivity analyses, with respect to the derived backward bifurcation threshold, show that the phenomenon of backward bifurcation is more likely to occur if the rates of re-infection and transmissibility of re-infected individuals are sufficiently high. Furthermore, it is likely to occur if the fraction of slow progressors (to active TB) is increased or if the rates of treatment (of symptomatic cases) and disease-induced mortality are increased. On the other hand, backward bifurcation is less likely to occur for increasing rates of endogenous re-activation of latent TB cases.
Genetic Variants Modifying the Influence of Vitamin D
Authors: Adrian R. Martineau, David A. Jolliffe
Journal: JAMA (2013)

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Left Ventricular Response to Severe Exertion in Untethered Dogs
Authors: Stephen F. Vatner, Dean Franklin, Charles B. Higgins, Thomas Patrick, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The left ventricular response to severe exercise was studied by telemetering direct measurements of left ventricular diameter (D) and pressure (P) and aortic blood flow from healthy dogs running at speeds up to 30 mph in the field. Severe exercise increased cardiac output from 101 to 478 ml/kg per min, heart rate from 95 to 297 beats/min, stroke volume from 31 to 44 ml, left ventricular isolength (iso) systolic pressure from 120 to 186 mm Hg, left ventricular end diastolic pressure from 6 to 18 mm Hg, and left ventricular end diastolic diameter from 58.9 to 60.1 mm, while end systolic diameter decreased from 53.0 to 52.2 mm. Two indices of myocardial contractility, (dP/dt)/P increased from 37 to 92 sec(-1), while dD/dt, the velocity of myocardial fiber shortening at isolength, rose from 54 to 119 mm/sec. All of these changes were statistically significant. When, in resting dogs, heart rate was first raised to exercise levels by electrical stimulation, severe exercise subsequently increased left ventricular end diastolic diameter more profoundly, from 55.7 to 59.7 mm, while end systolic diameter remained constant and the increases in left ventricular pressure, (dP/dt)/P and velocity(iso) were roughly comparable to those occurring during exercise in spontaneous rhythm. After propranolol, 1.0 mg/kg, severe exercise resulted in significantly smaller increases in cardiac output (from 82 to 240 ml/kg), in heart rate (from 87 to 186 beats/min), in left ventricular pressure(iso) (from 122 to 150 mm Hg), in (dP/dt)/P (from 32 to 44 sec(-1)), in velocity(iso) (from 47 to 59 mm/sec), and in slightly greater increases in end diastolic diameter, from 59.8 to 62.0 mm and pressure from 8 to 22 mm Hg, while end systolic diameter did not change significantly.Thus, the left ventricle responds to severe exercise with near maximal increases in heart rate and contractility, while significant increases in end diastolic diameter (Frank-Starling mechanism) and stroke volume occur as well. When heart rate was held constant severe exercise produced similar increases in contractility but end systolic size failed to diminish and the increases in end diastolic size were greater. Beta adrenergic receptor blockade interfered with the chronotropic and particularly the inotropic response to severe exercise and while the participation of the Frank-Starling mechanism was somewhat greater, the latter was not sufficient to increase cardiac output normally.