tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alternatives to Debriefing and Modifications to Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Carlotta Belaise, Giovanni A. Fava, Isaac M. Marks
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Psychological debriefing uses brief unsystematic exposure, and is ineffective for posttraumatic stress symptoms and disorder. Systematic exposure alone and cognitive restructuring alone are each effective. Other approaches too may be useful. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The treatment of 3 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients is detailed in which there was no exposure to the main traumatic event.There was exposure to related cues in case 1, exposure to related and other cues followed by well-being therapy (WBT) in case 2 and WBT in case 3. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The 3 patients improved enduringly, confirming earlier findings that exposure to the main trauma is not essential for PTSD to improve. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; A study is needed of therapeutic mechanisms in PTSD and of the value of WBT in a randomized controlled trial.
One Way to Prevent Abuse of Medical Charity.
Authors: J. R. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1898)

<h3>Chicago Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat College.</h3> Chicago, Ill., Dec. 14, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the<i>N. Y. Medical Record</i>of November 27, is given a copy of a circular letter recently issued by the New York Cancer Hospital, which is sent to the family physician of all patients applying to their clinics for free treatment, in which inquiry is made as to the ability of the patient to pay. In all cases wherein it is learned that the patient is able to pay further clinical services are denied. The same idea was adopted by the Chicago Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat College several months earlier as may be seen by appended copy of letter issued at the time of its organization, to every doctor in Cook County. Would it not be just to place the credit for the idea where it belongs, and give us the precedence of
Psychosexual Response to Ileostomy and Colostomy
Authors: BARNEY M. DLIN, ABRAHAM PERLMAN, EVELYN RINGOLD
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

Because so little information has been compiled regarding sexual adjustment following colostomy and ileostomy, the individual who faces or has had this type of surgery usually remains uninformed, fearful, and the victim of various myths, such as loss of male potency. The authors sought to dispel the myths and taboos surrounding these operations by conducting a questionnaire survey among 500 members of various ostomy associations. Their results show that potency and fertility do suffer somewhat, but not to the degree that previous estimates would indicate. They stress the importance of the educative role of the physician in promoting the patient's successful adaptation to these surgical procedures.
If Mother Has Insulin-Dependent Diabetes, Is Child Protected?
Authors: Chris Anne Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

NOW FOR SOME good news about children born to mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). They may be relatively protected from that disorder themselves, says a recent study. If its results are confirmed, it might someday be possible to immunize children against this form of diabetes mellitus, says principal investigator James Warram, PhD, of Boston. An expert on the effects of diabetic pregnancies says the study is further affirmation that the uterine environment can modify one's genetic heritage. "The uterus is an incubator with a variable metabolism," says Norbert Freinkel, MD, Kettering Professor of Medicine at Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. "Permanent effects can result from modification of phenotypic gene expression by [the] uterine metabolism." A few years ago, Warram and colleagues at Boston's Joslin Diabetes Center uncovered some interesting statistics. Using patient records to follow up children born to parents with juvenile-onset IDDM, they found that 6% of the
Current Therapy in Adult Medicine
Authors: Anne B. Nattinger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings1 April 1998Current Therapy in Adult MedicineAnne B. Nattinger, MDAnne B. Nattinger, MDMedical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-7-199804010-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail 4th edition. Kassirer JP, Greene HL; eds. 1512 pages. St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book; 1997. $99.00. ISBN 0815154801. Order phone 800-426-4545.Field of medicine: Internal medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Internal medicine specialists and primary care physicians.Purpose: To provide information on a broad range of therapeutic options in a context that incorporates cost-effectiveness considerations.Content: This book covers a wide spectrum of inpatient and outpatient therapeutic issues encountered in the primary care practice of adult medicine. The first section, which focuses on general therapeutic principles and problems, is followed by a concisely written discussion of several topics, grouped into ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1998Volume 128, Issue 7Page: 611-612KeywordsAntimicrobialsEye diseasesOral contraceptive therapyProphylaxisProstate cancerSkin diseasesSmoking cessationSmoking habitsSub-specialty careTraditional medicine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Doctors and patients.
Authors: R Gillon
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Gillon outlines some prima facie moral duties of physicians to patients that have emerged from his previous articles in a series on philosophical medical ethics. These duties follow from four general ethical principles--respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice--plus the self-imposed supererogatory duty of medical beneficence. From these principles the author derives such duties as providing adequate information and advice on treatment options, encouraging patient participation leading to informed decisions, maintaining competence and exposing incompetence, admitting errors, disclosing personal medico-moral standards, and acknowledging that other interests may occasionally supersede those of the individual patient. Gillon concludes that, where self interest conflicts with medical beneficence, the claim of medicine as a profession requires that the patient's interests take priority.
Prolymphocytic leukemia: Flow microfluorometric, immunologic, and cytogenetic observations
Authors: Lawrence W. Diamond, Robert M. Bearman, Paula K. Berry, Bonnie J. Mills, Bharat N. Nathwani, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Carl D. Winberg, Raymond L. Teplitz, Henry Rappaport
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Cells isolated from four patients with prolymphocytic leukemia were evaluated by surface markers, cytogenetics, and flow microfluorometric analysis of cell size and DNA content. All four patients had B-cell markers with a high density of IgM, kappa type, and Ia-like antigen. Less intense staining for surface IgD was also observed. In each patient studied, chromosomal modes were in the hypodiploid or near-diploid range. Despite the karyotypic abnormalities, the cellular DNA content, as determined by flow microfluorometry, was within the normal limits in all cases. This suggests that the variability in chromosome numbers seen in these patients may reflect an abnormality in DNA package rather than differences in total DNA content. The modal electronic cell size of the prolymphocytes, determined by light scatter, was readily distinguishable from that of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes and the lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Fewer than 4% of the peripheral prolymphocytes had S-phase DNA content, a finding consistent with the chronic nature of this leukemia.
Preconditioning with supply-demand imbalance limits infarct size in dog heart
Authors: T. Iwamoto, X.-J. Bai, H F. Downey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Preconditioning with supply-demand imbalance limits infarct size in dog heart Get access Toshihiro Iwamoto, Toshihiro Iwamoto Department of Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107-2699, USA: T Iwamoto, X-J Bai, H F Downey. Correspondence to Dr Downey. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Xiao-Juan Bai, Xiao-Juan Bai Department of Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107-2699, USA: T Iwamoto, X-J Bai, H F Downey. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H Fred Downey H Fred Downey Department of Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107-2699, USA: T Iwamoto, X-J Bai, H F Downey. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 11, November 1993, Pages 2071–2076, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.11.2071 Published: 01 November 1993 Article history Received: 06 May 1993 Accepted: 04 August 1993 Published: 01 November 1993
Age- and sex-dependent distribution of persistent organochlorine pollutants in urban foxes.
Authors: Ramiro Dip, Daniel Hegglin, Peter Deplazes, Oscar Dafflon, Herbert Koch, Hanspeter Naegeli
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

The colonization of urban and suburban habitats by red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) provides a novel sentinel species to monitor the spread of anthropogenic pollutants in densely populated human settlements. Here, red foxes were collected in the municipal territory of Zürich, Switzerland, and their perirenal adipose tissue was examined for persistent organochlorine residues. This pilot study revealed an unexpected pattern of contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), with significantly higher levels of the predominant congeners PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180 in juvenile foxes relative to adult animals. Further data analysis demonstrated that the observed difference was attributable to an age-dependent reduction of PCB concentrations in females, whereas male foxes retained approximately the same PCB burden throughout their life span. A similar sex-related bias between population members has been observed, primarily in marine mammals. Interestingly, the reduction of organochlorine contents with progressive age is reminiscent of human studies, where an extensive maternal transfer of xenobiotics to the offspring has been shown to result in increased exposure levels of infants relative to adults. To our knowledge, this is the first example of an urban wildlife species that faithfully reflects the dynamic distribution of toxic contaminants in the corresponding human population. Suburban and urban foxes occupy habitats in close proximity to humans, depend on anthropogenic food supplies, are relatively long-lived and readily available for sampling, can be easily aged and sexed, have a limited home range, and, therefore, meet several important requirements to serve as a surrogate species for the assessment of toxic health hazards.
An Address on the Approach to Surgery
Authors: B. Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (1927)

ms is Lister's year.One hundred vears ago Lister was horn.Fifty years ago this hospital had the courage to invite him to join its staff, and on the day of his inauguration Lister delivered this annual address at the opening of the winter session.At the centenary celebrations held in London in April and in Edinburgh in July much was said of Lister's work, of the revolution in surgery of which he was the sole and direct cause, and of the unequalled services to mankind which he was privileged to render.Yet there remains, I think, something more to say, and what occa- sion could be more fitting than this: what platform more appropriate?The -story has often been told, and there is no need to repeat it here, of the horrors and tortures of surgery before the middle of the last century.The craft of the older men was possibly in some respects superior to our own; in swift- ness of movement especially they are said to have been almost incredibly expert.If olnly the cinema had then been able to record an amputation of the thigh performed by Liston, or an excision of the jaw by Ferguson, I think we should all be as much startled at their rapidity as horrified at the general uncleanness, at the demonstrable absence of any conception of the truths regarding infection upon which all operative methods to-day are founded.Little wonder is there that surgery was likened to butchery.Lord Thurlow, when the bill to indemnify the Surgeons Company, and to give it greater power over the profession, was under discussion said, " Tliere's no more science in surgery than in butchery."To which Mr. Gunning answered, " Then, my lord, I heartily pray that your lordship mliay break your leg, and have only a butcher to 'set it."This was the same John Gunning who is said to have giveni that flat contradiction to John Hunter which acted like a sentence of death.Lister himself speaks of "the bloodv and butcherly department of our art."Surgery is in these days both Science and Art.As Science it accomplishes the purposes for wlhich every science exists: to acquire direct knowledge, to accumulate facts, from a multitude of individual examples to raise a broad truth, to weave generalizations, in its highest accomplishment to link cause and effect.We bring to our aid induc- tive and deductive logic, recalling with pride that both these weapons of the intellect were first brought into use and established by members of our own profession.For as Hippocrates was parent of the inductive, so was Galen of the deductive method.As Science surgery has not only separate existence, but in its wider sense it is related to, and dependent upon, many other sciences: upon biology, chemistry, physics, physiology, and the like.Discoveries
Multivariate analysis of pathophysiological factors in reflux oesophagitis.
Authors: G Cadiot, A Bruhat, D Rigaud, T Coste, A Vuagnat, Y Benyedder, T Vallot, D Le Guludec, M Mignon
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND: Reflux oesophagitis is considered a multifactorial disease, but the respective roles of the main factors involved in its pathophysiology have not been clearly established. AIMS: To attempt to assign these roles by means of a multivariate logistic regression analysis of the main parameters associated with reflux oesophagitis. PATIENTS: Eighty seven patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were studied: 41 without oesophagitis and 46 with reflux oesophagitis grade 1 to 3. METHODS: (1) Monovariate comparison of patients9 characteristics and of parameters derived from in hospital 24 hour oesophageal pH monitoring, oesophageal manometry, double isotope gastric emptying studies, and basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid and pepsin output determinations, between patients with and without oesophagitis. (2) Multivariate logistic regression analysis including the parameters significant in the monovariate analysis. RESULTS: Among the 16 significant parameters from monovariate analysis, three significant independent parameters were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis: number of refluxes lasting more than five minutes, reflecting oesophageal acid clearance (p = 0.002); basal lower oesophageal sphincter pressure (p = 0.008); and peak acid output (p = 0.012). These three parameters were not correlated with each other. The multivariate model was highly discriminant (correct classification of 81.3% of the cases (95% confidence intervals 0.723, 0.903). Risk for oesophagitis increased as a function of the tercile threshold values of the three parameters. Odds ratios of the three parameters for oesophagitis risk were similar, regardless of whether they were calculated when the patients were compared as a function of oesophagitis grade or the presence or absence of oesophagitis. CONCLUSIONS: This multivariate approach adds evidence that impaired oesophageal acid clearance and hypotonic lower oesophageal sphincter are the two major independent pathophysiological factors of oesophagitis, but also showed that the acid secretion level is an independent pathophysiological factor.
Clinical characteristics of pruritus in chronic idiopathic urticaria
Authors: G. Yosipovitch, N. Ansari, A. Goon, Y.H. Chan, C.L. Goh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Although pruritus is a predominant symptom of chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) its clinical characteristics have not been explored.To characterize the clinical pattern and sensory and affective dimensions of the itch experience, utilizing a comprehensive itch questionnaire.A structured questionnaire based on the McGill pain questionnaire was used in 100 patients suffering from CIU randomly recruited from a tertiary referral centre.All 100 patients recruited with CIU completed the questionnaire. In 68 patients pruritus appeared on a daily basis. Most patients experienced their pruritus at night and in the evening (n = 83), and 62 reported difficulty in falling asleep. Pruritus involved all body areas, but mostly the arms (n = 86), back (n = 78) and legs (n = 75). Accompanying symptoms were a sensation of heat in 45 patients and sweating in 15. Most patients (n = 98) were prescribed antihistamines (mainly sedating), of whom 34 experienced long-term relief. The sensation of itch was reported to be stinging (n = 27), tickling (n = 25) and burning (n = 23). Seventy-six patients found their pruritus bothersome, 66 annoying and 14 complained of depression. The itch intensity at its peak was more than double that felt after a mosquito bite. The worst itch scores of those who felt depressed were significantly higher than of those who did not (P = 0.018). There was a positive correlation between the sensory and affective scores during worst itch (P < 0.001).This study describes the itch experienced in CIU, highlighting sensory and affective dimensions. The itch questionnaire was found to be a valuable tool for evaluating pruritus in CIU and its unique features.
Corticosteroid-Induced Meningococcal Meningitis in a Patient With Chronic Meningococcemia
Authors: Michael Wenzel, Lena Jakob, Andreas Wieser, Jürgen Schauber, Konstantinos Dimitriadis, Sören Schubert, Hans-Walter Pfister
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> Although chronic meningococcemia is an uncommon disorder, it is of great importance to clinicians across multiple disciplines because it presents similarly to reactive, neoplastic, or rheumatic disorders. Ruling out chronic meningococcemia, however, represents a diagnostic challenge because routine microbiological investigations frequently fail to identify<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>. Although treatment with corticosteroids might be helpful in various conditions, corticosteroid treatment may lead to severe complications in underlying chronic meningococcemia. <h3>Observations</h3> We describe a patient with a history of recurrent fever, arthralgia, and disseminated skin lesions. The patient was assumed to have Sweet syndrome and was treated with corticosteroids. Subsequently the patient developed meningococcal meningitis and was admitted to the neurointensive care unit. Chronic meningococcemia was confirmed retrospectively by nonroutine polymerase chain reaction and silver staining of skin biopsy specimens. Immunologic workup revealed decreased IgG subclass 3. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Consideration of chronic meningococcemia is important when a patient presents with a history of fever and disseminated skin lesions. Polymerase chain reaction testing of skin biopsy specimens should be performed more systematically if the results of routine microbiological investigations remain unrevealing. In addition, silver staining of skin lesions can help establish the diagnosis. Eventually, testing for immune deficiencies should more routinely follow a confirmed diagnosis of chronic meningococcemia.
A PLEA FOR STANDARDIZED AND INTENSIVE TREATMENT OF THE NEUROSYPHILITIC AND PARETIC
Authors: H. Goldsmith
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1925)

1. This paper is a plea to institute systematic and intensive treatment for the benefit of the neurosyphilitic or paretic, be the latter in the first or last stage. 2. That the method described is simple, devoid of practically all danger and has given very gratifying results, from the study of 237 cases of all ypes of neurosyphilitic conditions. 3. While the treatment is in no way superior to others it is at least worthy of trial, since it is quickly administered, and there are very few complications attendant upon its administration. 4. It is most desirable to recognize the disease in its earliest form so that intensive treatment may be instituted and the best results obtained. 5. The general practitioner may use this form of treatment in his office with the aid of Somneform anæsthesia.
ON THE EPIDEMIC OF CARBUNCLES AND BOILS
Authors: T. Hunt
Journal: BMJ (1855)

p ..T .. a t*4 i_aus aad u.r sucesatd t pefanace tha belong to mt of the operti wrich I have paed in review.In coecluding this lecture, let me impress upon you the fat, that puncture of the bladder is rarely required if the cse ha been properly treated.I do not say never-I say rarely.The rules which I laid down at the commencement of the lecture are sfe, and must be your guide, under cir- cumstanes of doubt and difficulty.I wish you to bear in mind also, the chief object I have in view in this lecture, is to show you the relation of different modes of operating to different forms and complications of urethral obstruction, and to give you some anatomical details which are always afe and sure guides in practice.
667 Effects of bariatric surgery (FOBI-CAPELLA) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Study after 2 years
Authors: C.K. Furuya, C.P.M.S. Oliveira, E.S. Mello, J. Faintuch, A. Rascovski, D.C.P. Vezzozo, A. Halpern, M. Matsuda, B. Zilberstein, V.A.E. Alves, E.J. Carrilho
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Syndromes attributed to "minimal brain dysfunction" in childhood
Authors: Michael Rutter
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The author considers two main concepts of minimal brain dysfunction: 1) a continuum notion, in which minimal brain dysfunction is viewed as a lesser variant of gross traumatic brain damage, and 2) a syndrome notion, in which minimal brain dysfunction constitutes a genetically determined disorder rather than a response to any form of injury. The evidence on the former indicates that subclinical damage to the brain may occur and may involve psychological sequelae-but the damage probably has to be rather severe, and the result is not a homogeneous syndrome. The second alternative remains a possibility, but the claims far outrun the empirical findings that could justify them.
Alan Edward Wood
Authors: N. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Alan Edward (“Tony”) Wood was at East Barnet Grammar School when he read Men against Microbes by JD Ratcliffe and decided at the age of 12 that he wanted to do medicine. But he had to escape three times from bombed out London family houses, become a senior messenger with the National Fire Service, attend over 100 blitz incidents, serve as a volunteer in the Fleet Air Arm, and qualify as a radio mechanic before he could achieve enough academic qualifications to be accepted by the London Hospital Medical College, Whitechapel, and then in the holidays he worked nights as a ward orderly at Mile End Hospital doing 12 hour shifts, 8 pm to 8 am, to get what he later described as “a good education for budding doctors.”

For most of his life he kept …