tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
β-Arrestin–Biased Parathyroid Hormone Ligands: A New Approach to the Development of Agents that Stimulate Bone Formation
Authors: Serge L. Ferrari, Mary L. Bouxsein
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2009)

Because daily treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases bone mass and decreases fracture risk, physicians use this agent to treat osteoporosis. However, PTH stimulates both bone-forming and bone-resorbing cells, complicating its clinical use. New results show that, in mice, a so-called biased agonist (PTH-βarr) that selectively activates β–arrestin –dependent signaling leads to PTH-induced trabecular bone formation without a simultaneous increase in bone resorption. This targeted approach may pave the way for future pharmacological developments in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Lumbar epidural analgesia in labour in twin pregnancy.
Authors: A R Weekes, V E Cheridjian, D K Mwanje
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Fifty twin pregnancies in which the mother received epidural analgesia in labour were compared with 92 in which the mother received standard parenteral analgesia. The duration of the first and second stages of labour; the incidence of assisted deliveries when the head presented; the proportion of breech extractions when either the first or second twin presented by the breech; the incidence of low Apgar scores; and the perinatal mortality were not significantly different in the two groups. These findings suggest that lumbar epidural analgesia is safe for providing pain relief in labour for patients with a twin pregnancy. Moreover, an epidural block is preferable to conventional analgesia in these cases as it allows prompt intervention to effect delivery of the second twin.
Radioactive Chromium in the Investigation of Gastrointestinal Bleeding.
Authors: E. J. Watson-Williams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Radioactive Chromium in the Investigation of Gastrointestinal Bleeding.E. J. Watson-Williams, M.R.C.P.E. J. Watson-Williams, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1150_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRecurrent or chronic symptomless gastrointestinal bleeding without radiographic abnormality is a not infrequent clinical problem. Investigation of 20 patients by the measurement of fecal radioactivity, after an intravenous injection of autologous red cells labeled with 200 µc51Cr, showed that maximum levels were reached within 24 hr in 4 cases of colonic bleeding, between 24 and 48 hr in 3 cases of cecal bleeding, between 48 and 72 hr in 4 cases of bleeding from the small intestine, and after 96 hr in 9 patients bleeding from the duodenum or stomach. Provided blood loss was chronic these timings were not... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: E. J. Watson-Williams, M.R.C.P.Affiliations: Manchester, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1150-1150KeywordsBloodCellsChromiumDuodenumHemorrhageIntravenous injectionsSmall intestineStomach ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Unkept outpatient appointments
Authors: D. Genever
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Dr Murdock and colleagues (June 2002 JRSM1) think that non-attendance should be addressed by overbooking. I suggest a method that will give an idea of who will or will not attend. Instead of an appointment, a letter is sent to the patient with a date and phone number. The patient is asked to phone on that date and arrange an appointment time. Those who do not phone will not be attending.
A NEW SURGICAL POCKET CASE.
Authors: J. H. PARKINSON
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Read before the Sacramento Society for Medical Improvement, Dec. 16, 1884. To propose a new surgical pocket case may seem a very unnecessary proceeding, yet a glance at the catalogue of any large instrument maker shows that the best form has so far not been attained, for in no class of appliances, except perhaps the obstetric forceps, is the variety as great. Its name implies that it contains such instruments as may be required in minor surgery, arranged in the smallest bulk, so as to be readily carried with the minimum of inconvenience. In looking over the different models one must be struck by their singular unfitness for this object. The instruments are often clumsy and ill adapted for their purposes, the knives arranged in combinations dissimilar in ability, and articles are included which in practice are almost useless. No better instance of this can be cited than the British
Arteriosclerosis in the Intramural and Extramural Portions of Coronary Arteries in the Human Heart
Authors: JOSEPH C. EDWARDS, CHARLES BURNSIDES, RICHARD L. SWARM, A. I. LANSING
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Fifteen instances of intramural coronary arteries were observed in the dissection of 276 human hearts at consecutive unselected autopsies. All but 2 of these 15 had severe atheromata and narrowing of the lumina. It was thought important to determine whether or not the covering of the artery by cardiac muscle for a major part of its course protected the artery from atherosclerosis. From our data, one may assume that those portions surrounded by heart muscle were not protected from atherosclerotic process which occurred there as well as in extramural portions of the same arteries and in other entirely extramural coronary arteries.
Measurement in physical education
Authors: David I. Abramson
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This manual has been written for the student of physical education to acquaint him with the various means available for evaluating the results of tests and measurements utilized in this specialty. The material is timely, in view of the present interest in physical fitness. The author has attempted to present the tests in sufficient detail so that no other sources are necessary to carry them out. In the preface he states that the material would not be helpful to the graduate or research-minded student. The tests are divided into those which deal with motor fitness, general motor ability, sports skill, cardiovascular function, the state of nutrition, and body mechanics. To analyze the data obtained by testing, the author discusses the statistical method in an elementary fashion but one which still is sufficient for the purpose. This book should be helpful to the student and teacher of physical education. It would
Neuronal Surface and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies in Nonparaneoplastic Stiff Person Syndrome
Authors: Thashi Chang, Haris Alexopoulos, Mary McMenamin, Alexander Carvajal-González, Sian K. Alexander, Robert Deacon, Ferenc Erdelyi, Szabó Gabor, Bethan Lang, Franz Blaes, Peter Brown, Angela Vincent
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

High titers of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are well documented in association with stiff person syndrome (SPS). Glutamic acid decarboxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and impaired function of GABAergic neurons has been implicated in the pathogenesis of SPS. Autoantibodies to GAD might be the causative agent or a disease marker.To investigate the characteristics and potential pathogenicity of GAD autoantibodies in patients with SPS and related disorders.Retrospective cohort study and laboratory investigation.Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford.Twenty-five patients with SPS and related conditions identified from the Neuroimmunology Service.Neurological examination, serological characterization and experimental studies.Characterization of serum GAD antibodies from patients with SPS and evidence for potential pathogenicity.We detected GAD autoantibodies at a very high titer (median, 7500 U/mL) in 19 patients (76%), including all 12 patients with classic SPS. The GAD autoantibodies were high affinity (antibody dissociation constant, 0.06-0.78 nmol) and predominantly IgG1 subclass. The patients’ autoantibodies co-localized with GAD on immunohistochemistry and in permeabilized cultured cerebellar GABAergic neurons, as expected, but they also bound to the cell surface of unpermeabilized GABAergic neurons. Adsorption of the highest titer (700 000 U/mL) serum with recombinant GAD indicated that these neuronal surface antibodies were not directed against GAD itself. Although intraperitoneal injection of IgG purified from the 2 available GAD autoantibody–ositive purified IgG preparations did not produce clinical or pathological evidence of disease, SPS and control IgG were detected in specific regions of the mouse central nervous system, particularly around the lateral and fourth ventricles.Autoantibodies to GAD are associated with antibodies that bind to the surface of GABAergic neurons and that could be pathogenic. Moreover, in mice, human IgG from the periphery gained access to relevant areas in the hippocampus and brainstem. Identification of the target of the non-GAD antibodies and peripheral and intrathecal transfer protocols, combined with adsorption studies, should be used to demonstrate the role of the non-GAD IgG in SPS.
Skin of Female Breast in Plastic Surgery
Authors: J. F. S. Esser
Journal: BMJ (1938)

women who have gone at least two or three weeks over the first " missed " period.By that time the concentration of hormone in the urine has always risen so far above the normal that no false negatives need be feared with the ordinary extraction method.The tests I have performed myself are still too few to allow any final conclusions being drawn.Disregarding my first ninety tests, the results of which may have been influenced by the fact that I was learning the method, I can report that of the next 150 tests sixty-two had a positive and eighty-eight a negative result.No clear positive was found to be incorrect; of weak positive results, which as experience has shown must be counted as negatives, there were ten.Of negatives that became positive at a later date -there were three.These 150 tests were done on 742 toads.Of these, 734 survived the test without apparently being the worse for it.Eight toads died in the course of tests-four during negative and four during positive tests.A number of toads which were not counted, as their deaths obviously had nothing to do with the tests, some of them being males, died during the winter.I do not think that their number exceeded thirty. SummaryThe xenopus test allows a diagnosis of early pregnancy to be made within less than twenty-four hours.No animals need be killed to obtain the result.The reliability of the test does not seem to differ from that of the Aschheim-Zondek or the Friedman reaction.The technique of this test is comparatively simple and very suitable for experimental work on the anterior- pituitary-like hormone of pregnancy.My sincere gratitude is due to Mr. D. P. Gould of Loughton and Mr. R.
Evaluating Care Coordination Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Richard H. Carmona
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fundamental Limits to the Precision of Early Warning Systems for Epidemics of Infectious Diseases
Authors: John M Drake
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

I previously criticised the effective "statute of limitations" in several leading general medical journals "whereby authors of papers are immune to disclosure of methodological weaknesses once some arbitrary (short) period has elapsed" [2].Such a time limit discourages post-publication peer review, with potential correspondents deterred by the short and unambiguous deadline.I suggested that journals with such a policy should reconsider.The word limit on that article precluded additional adverse comments on journals' word limits for letters, although they were presented in Table 2 of that article [2].Subsequently, three of the six journals did revise their instructions [3-5], but each imposed tougher restrictions on letters, reducing either the maximum time limit, the maximum length, or both.The strictest current requirements are a two-week limit by The Lancet and a 175-word limit by the New England Journal of Medicine.Editors are seemingly falling over themselves to speed up and shorten letters, but this behaviour is inappropriate for a scientifi c journal.The key characteristic of science is not its infallibility, a quality it clearly does not and cannot have, but its self-correcting ability.The decision by medical editors to stifl e debate is misguided [2,6].A time limit, especially a very short one, signals that speed is more important than content, that convenience takes precedence over science.While it is reasonable to encourage early comments, there should be no time limit on comments aimed at clarifying or criticising study methodology.Likewise, it will often be impossible to explain the subtleties of methodological problems in 400 words, and impossible in only 175.Additional restrictions on the number of authors and references are also questionable.I am disappointed that PLoS Medicine has imposed a time limit of four weeks on correspondence.As explained above, I believe that such a limit is mistaken.
MULTIPLICATION IN VITRO OF PSEUDORABIES VIRUS IN THE TESTICLE TISSUE OF IMMUNIZED GUINEA PIGS
Authors: Erich Traub
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1935)

Pseudorabies virus was cultivated in vitro in washed testicle tissue from immune guinea pigs, and evidence was thus procured which indicated that the testicle cells themselves had not become immune to pseudorabies. The rate of multiplication of the virus was considerably greater in control cultures with normal guinea pig testis than in cultures with immune testis. The reason for this fact may be that even by repeated washing the immune tissue could not be completely freed from fluid antibodies, and that such antibodies somewhat inhibited the multiplication of the virus.
Regression Analysis of Time Trends in Perinatal Mortality in Germany, 1980-1993
Authors: Hagen Scherb, Eveline Weigelt, Irene Bruske-Hohlfeld
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Numerous investigations have been carried out on the possible impact of the Chernobyl accident on the prevalence of anomalies at birth and on perinatal mortality. In many cases the studies were aimed at the detection of differences of pregnancy outcome measurements between regions or time periods. Most authors conclude that there is no evidence of a detrimental physical effect on congenital anomalies or other outcomes of pregnancy following the accident. In this paper, we report on statistical analyses of time trends of perinatal mortality in Germany. Our main intention is to investigate whether perinatal mortality, as reflected in official records, was increased in 1987 as a possible effect of the Chernobyl accident. We show that, in Germany as a whole, there was a significantly elevated perinatal mortality proportion in 1987 as compared to the trend function. The increase is 4.8% (p = 0.0046) of the expected perinatal death proportion for 1987. Even more pronounced levels of 8.2% (p = 0. 0458) and 8.5% (p = 0.0702) may be found in the higher contaminated areas of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), including West Berlin, and of Bavaria, respectively. To investigate the impact of statistical models on results, we applied three standard regression techniques. The observed significant increase in 1987 is independent of the statistical model used. Stillbirth proportions show essentially the same behavior as perinatal death proportions, but the results for all of Germany are nonsignificant due to the smaller numbers involved. Analysis of the association of stillbirth proportions with the (137)Cs deposition on a district level in Bavaria discloses a significant relationship. Our results are in contrast to those of many analyses of the health consequences of the Chernobyl accident and contradict the present radiobiologic knowledge. As we are dealing with highly aggregated data, other causes or artifacts may explain the observed effects. Hence, the findings should be interpreted with caution, and further independent evidence should be sought.
STUDIES ON ENDOTHELIAL REACTIONS
Authors: Nathan Chandler Foot
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

1. Experimental cerebral and meningeal tubercles in the rabbit are formed from cells of endothelial origin. 2. These cells are derived apparently from other sources than the neighboring capillary endothelium alone. 3. The circulating macrophages, which, in this case, are capable of multiplying by mitosis while still free in the blood, are drawn upon in the formation of the cerebral tubercle. 4. Splenectomy has not materially decreased the available supply of circulating macrophages in this experiment. 5. While these cells may originate in the endothelium of the liver and bone marrow, the lung appears to play a much more important rôle in this respect than has been hitherto suspected.
Ultrastructure of human umbilical arteries. Studies on arteries from newborn children delivered by nonsmoking, white group D, diabetic mothers.
Authors: I Asmussen
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

The effect of diabetic metabolism on the human vascular wall studied, using the fetal cardiovascular system at birth as an experimental model. The ultrastructure of umbilical arteries from nine newborn children of nonsmoking diabetic mothers (White group D) was compared with that of 30 healthy nonsmokers. Intimal cushions, thickening of the basement membrane often with a multilaminal appearance, and glycogen accumulations, both in the cells of the intima and the media, were found. The cells of the intima were very rich in fibrillas, identical to the underlying media myocytes. Endothelial cell death with formation of a pseudoendothelium due to migrating myocytes might be the explanation.
Scotland will screen for aortic aneurysm from 2011
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Scotland will screen men older than 65 for abdominal aortic aneurysms.

The Scottish government is investing £5m (€6m; $10m) over the next three years to establish the programme, which is expected to save about 170 lives a year. It will offer an ultrasound scan to all 65 year old men to determine if they are at risk of a potentially fatal rupture. If an aneurysm is found the patient will be referred for treatment or further surveillance.

It follows a …
The Journal Gives Post-Graduate Instruction.
Authors: C. A. Wheeler
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Leominster, Mass., Feb. 3, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Let me thank you for calling my attention to theJournal. I received my medical education forty years ago and it was an old garment that fitted nothing in the earth beneath or the heavens above, so I had decided to take it to some post-graduate school for reconstruction, when theJournalcame with its wealth of knowledge, up to date and exhaustive, yet within the limits that any busy practitioner could compass, and I soon made the discovery that a reader of theJournal of the American Medical Associationis receiving a post-graduate course in his own study. Yours truly,
1189 NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION REVEAL POPULATION BOTTLENECKS AND FIXATION OF SELECTIVELY NEUTRAL MUTATIONS OCCURS POST-BI 201335 THERAPY
Authors: W. Irving, D. Rupp, C.P. McClure, J. Ball, R. Bartenschlager, T. Pietschmann, R.J.P. Brown
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Normal vaginal flora.
Authors: H M Bramley, R A Dixon, B M Jones
Journal: BMJ (1979)

given to take away.This is based on triple tetracycline, and after their usual meal times have been discussed with them they are advised on the twice-daily dosage times which will produce least disruption to their usual eating habits.They also receive advice on antacids, milk consumption, iron tablets, and "tonics," in addition to the risks of dental teratogenicity and the necessary continuity of antibiotic regimens.It is my hope that in this manner the poor therapeutic response of NSGI to tetracyclines can be enhanced by intelligent patient co-operation.My comments apply, of course, to the use of tetracyclines in any therapeutic situation.
Adrenal Insufficiency After Operative Removal of Apparently Nonfunctioning Adrenal Adenomas
Authors: Christopher M. Huiras
Journal: JAMA (1989)

We describe a woman who developed adrenal insufficiency after removal of an apparently nonfunctional adrenal adenoma. She displayed no stigmata of Cushing's syndrome and had normal plasma and urinary cortisol levels. A second patient without clinical findings of Cushing's syndrome also had normal basal steroid levels. This patient displayed partial suppressibility with dexamethasone, had low-normal levels of serum corticotropin, and excreted a low concentration of urinary 17-ketosteroids. She also developed mild adrenal insufficiency after the operation. We believe the adrenal adenomas in these patients secreted enough cortisol to suppress the contralateral adrenal gland but not enough hormone to elevate basal steroid levels. Therefore, we suggest that all patients with adrenal masses be studied with the overnight dexamethasone suppression test rather than basal steroid hormone measurements to detect low levels of autonomous cortisol secretion. In addition, patients with adrenal masses that are not removed surgically should have serial adrenal function tests performed. (<i>JAMA</i>1989;261:894-898)