tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the KIR4.1 potassium channel as a putative antigen in patients with multiple sclerosis: a comparative study
Authors: Adipong Brickshawana, Shannon R. Hinson, Michael F. Romero, Claudia F. Lucchinetti, Yong Guo, Mathias Buttmann, Andrew McKeon, Sean J. Pittock, Min Hwang Chang, An Ping Chen, Thomas J. Kryzer, James P. Fryer, Sarah M. Jenkins, Philippe Cabre, Vanda A. Lennon
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2014)
Rare and Well Done: Some Historical Notes on Meats and Meatmen
Authors: M. THERESE SOUTHGATE
Journal: JAMA (1967)

One man's meat may be another man's poison, said Lucretius, Beaumont and Fletcher, and John Taylor, the "water poet." Not so, says this slender volume by John Drury, former columnist for the<i>Chicago Daily News</i>. Mr. Drury has concocted an enviable recipe of delectable (and digestible) morsels of ingredients such as the preservation of meats from Roman times onward, the folklore of the boar's head, the story of the sausage, the cattle tycoons of the old West, and the meateating habits of Americans, which include lamb in New York, veal in New Orleans, and bologna sausage from Detroit to Oklahoma City. As a native Chicagoan, it is fitting that he should pay special tribute to the "Hog Butcher for the World" and to the demise of Packingtown. One of the best chapters, however, is on "inside meats" (liver, sweetbreads, tripe, kidneys, tongue, heart, and chitterlings). The latter, he states, may
Letter Regarding the Article by Katz et al, “Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction and Mortality Risk in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure”
Authors: Jon Lundberg, Eddie Weitzberg
Journal: Circulation (2005)

We read with interest the study by Katz and colleagues in a recent issue of Circulation. 1 The authors have measured exhaled NO and a key observation is that a low level of exhaled NO is associated with an increased mortality risk in patients with chronic heart failure.They claim that exhaled NO is a marker of endothelial function.The authors state that their method is designed to exclude nasopharyngeal sources of NO.We believe, however, that the methodology might not have been effective at excluding nasopharyngeal-derived NO.These sources of NO, if not properly excluded from the exhaled air, complicate estimation of lower airway-derived NO.What Katz and colleagues describe is actually the optimal method to use if one wishes to maximize contribution from the upper airways to exhaled NO.First, a low-resistance valve minimizes the chances for the soft palate to close, thereby leaving the nasal NO compartment open.In the international guidelines for exhaled NO (available since 1997), it is mandatory to exhale against a resistance to force the palate to close, thereby avoiding nasal NO contamination. 2 The authors cite Phillips et al 3 for the method used to exclude nasal NO.In that study, however, nasal NO was excluded by balloon occlusion of the nasopharynx, which was apparently not used by Katz et al.Moreover, the use of a nose-clip makes things even worse, as it effectively forces the accumulated nasal NO to leak down to the nasopharynx.With the method used, a large contribution from nasopharyngeal NO sources is to be expected. 2,4he authors also report that inhaled aerosolized NGmonomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, an NO synthase inhibitor) has no effect on exhaled NO.This differs from earlier reports using the same or similar NO synthase inhibitors.It is unexpected because the major part of orally exhaled NO comes from the airway wall. 4he over all relationship between exhaled NO and endothelial function is very unclear 5 and until we have methods that adequately can separate all possible sources of exhaled NO, we believe such a relationship should be discussed with great caution.
Dermoscopy margin delineation in radiotherapy planning for superficial or nodular basal cell carcinoma
Authors: R. Ballester Sánchez, O. Pons Llanas, J. Pérez Calatayud, R. Botella Estrada
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Dermoscopy margin delineation in radiotherapy planning for superficial or nodular basal cell carcinoma Get access R. Ballester Sánchez, R. Ballester Sánchez Department of Dermatology Hospital La Fe Bulevar sur s/n Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Pons Llanas, O. Pons Llanas Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital La Fe Bulevar sur s/n Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Pérez Calatayud, J. Pérez Calatayud Department of Radiation Oncology Hospital La Fe Bulevar sur s/n Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Botella Estrada R. Botella Estrada Department of Dermatology Hospital La Fe Bulevar sur s/n Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 4, 1 April 2015, Pages 1162–1163, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13402 Published: 01 April 2015
"BREAST AND ARTIFICIAL FEEDING"-Reply
Authors: Clifford G. Grulee
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>To the Editor::—</h3> Apparently from Dr. Glazier's remarks, we are talking about two different things. The group of artificially fed infants, as explained in the text, were fed artificially from the very first and these we followed for a period of nine months. These children were practically all first seen in the first month of life. The cases which he refers to would be included in our second group, or those partially breast fed. In that group there were two classes of cases: first, those that were simply complemented because of insufficient supply of breast milk and, second, those who were breast fed at first and artificially fed later. It is true that these children were in the poorer districts and that they were subject to more infection than we would expect to find among the better classes of the community. On the other hand, the death rate was extremely
DIABETIC STATUS DOES NOT AFFECT PLATELET FUNCTION ASSAYS IN PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE PATIENTS ON HIGH DOSE ASPIRIN: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE EFFECT OF LIPID MODIFICATION ON PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE AFTER ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTION (ELIMIT) TRIAL
Authors: Smita Negi, Vijay Nambi, Salim Virani, Anirudh Kumar, Alan B. Lumsden, Changyi Chen, Christie M. Ballantyne, Jing-Fei Dong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Fas and TNFR1, but not cytolytic granule-dependent mechanisms, mediate clearance of murine liver adenoviral infection
Authors: Marwan S. Abougergi, Sarah J. Gidner, David K. Spady, Bonnie C. Miller, Dwain L. Thiele
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

After intravenous injection of replication-deficient adenovirus, hepatocytes are transduced and express high levels of adenovirus-encoded genes. However, adenovirally encoded gene expression is ablated rapidly by CD8+ T-cell-dependent mechanisms. Thus, this model is suitable for examining intrahepatic cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) effector mechanisms. In the present studies, recombinant adenoviruses encoding secreted (human apolipoprotein A-I) or intracellular (beta-galactosidase) gene products were infused into mice with genetic deficiencies affecting the granule exocytosis-, Fas-, or tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1)-mediated pathways of CTL and natural killer cell effector function; the rates of clearance of adenovirus-encoded gene products were assessed. Clearance of secreted or intracellular adenoviral gene products was not delayed in perforin-deficient mice or dipeptidyl peptidase I-deficient mice, which fail to process and activate granzyme A or granzyme B. TNFR1-deficient mice also exhibited no delay in clearance of adenoviral gene products. However, adenoviral clearance from Fas-deficient mice was delayed, and such delays were much greater in mice deficient in both TNFR1 and Fas. In contrast, chimeric mice lacking both hepatic Fas and lymphocyte perforin function exhibited no greater delay in adenoviral clearance than chimeras deficient only in hepatic Fas expression. In conclusion, Fas-dependent mechanisms are required for efficient clearance of virally infected hepatocytes and, in Fas-deficient animals, TNFR1-dependent mechanisms provide an alternative mechanism for hepatic adenovirus clearance. In contrast, perforin- and granule protease-dependent cytotoxicity mechanisms play no apparent role in clearance of adenovirus from the liver.
The Outcome of Preoperative Chemotherapy Followed by Surgery or Upfront Surgery for Resectable Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Choi Sang Il, Kim Sun Young, Baek Ji Yeon, Shim Eun Kyung, Kim Hyun Mi, Ku Ji Yeon, I. Jang Mi Song, Park Sung Chan, Kim Dae Yong, Oh Jae Hwan, Lee Seung Duk, Han Sung-Sik, Kim Seoung Hoon, Park Sang Jae
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
GUAIACOL IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPHOID FEVER IN CHILDREN.
Authors: ADOLPH KŒNIG
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The comparative rarity of typhoid fever in children is probably entirely due to the fact of infrequent exposure, and not to any lessened degree of susceptibility, as compared with adults. I believe that it can now be accepted as proved, that typhoid fever is essentially a water-borne disease and that drinking water, rather than foul air or direct communication is the medium of infection. We thus have an explanation of the rare occurrence of the disease in very young infants and the increasing ratio of its occurrence in children as they gradually receive more solid food and drink more water.  The pathologic lesions of typhoid fever in children are necessarily identical with those in adults, except that in children who have passed their very earliest period of life, and in whom the constructive metabolism is at its height, the necrotic process, which in the adult often goes on to perforation
Expression of HLA-DR antigens on epithelium associated with lymphoid tissue in the human gastrointestinal tract.
Authors: J Spencer, T Finn, P G Isaacson
Journal: Gut (1986)

Mucosa from human stomach, terminal ileum, appendix, and colon was studied for epithelial HLA-DR expression using an immunoperoxidase technique with a monoclonal antibody that detects HLA-DR antigens in paraffin embedded tissues. Expression of HLA-DR by epithelial cells was studied with particular reference to the effect of adjacent lymphoid tissue or surrounding chronic inflammation. In the stomach, epithelial HLA-DR appeared to be induced by chronic inflammation. Where lymphoid nodules were present only that epithelium directly adjacent to the lymphoid tissue expressed HLA-DR. Expression was independent of cell type. Epithelium adjacent to normal lymphoid tissue in the terminal ileum, appendix, and colon also expressed HLA-DR, the relationship between expression and proximity to lymphoid tissue being remarkably precise. Expression of HLA-DR by gastrointestinal epithelium appears to be an effect of adjacent lymphocytes, whether part of an inflammatory response or normal tissue. This must be taken into account when assessing HLA-DR expression by gastrointestinal epithelium.
"Irish" Mystery Malady
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abdominal Epilepsy and Migraine
Authors: Hobart A. Reimann
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A letter about abdominal epilepsy (222:1426,1972), a survey of migraine and its equivalents (222:1399, 1972), and cited papers on the subjects fail to mention a disorder with which they may be confused. A diagnosis of childhood abdominal epilepsy seems proper when recurrent abdominalgia lasts seconds or minutes and is accompanied by disturbance of awareness or responsiveness or by grand or petit mal seizures and electroencephalographic changes. These usually are controlled by treatment with diphenylhydantoin. Otherwise, some included cases differ. Febrile episodes lasted several days and recurred about weekly, biweekly, monthly, or irregularly for decades. Combinations of abdominalgia, stethalgia, or arthralgia with leukocytosis occurred. Electroencephalographic changes occasionally were abnormal; there were no epileptiform seizures and therapy had no effect. Such features characterize periodic polyserositis (known also as familial Mediterranean fever). It affects chiefly Jews, Armenians, and Arabs.<sup>1</sup>Correct diagnosis would clarify nosology, obviate unnecessary therapy, and avoid
William Halliday Burnett
Authors: J. Crispin
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner Edinburgh (b Inverness 1917; q Edinburgh 1942), died from cardiovascular and respiratory causes on 19 July 2003.

During the second world war Bill served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in Belgium and Germany. His initial interest was in obstetrics and gynaecology, but he changed direction and instead became the first GP trainee in Edinburgh. In 1950 he became a partner in a practice that was later one of the early occupants of Sighthill Health Centre, the first purpose built community multi-disciplinary health centre in Scotland. Bill continued to use his obstetrics skills for home deliveries and at the Queen Mary Nursing Home. Predeceased by his wife, Topsy, he leaves four children and eight grandchildren.
Phase III multicenter trial comparing the efficacy of 2% dodecafluoropentane emulsion (EchoGen) and sonicated 5% human albumin (Albunex) as ultrasound contrast agents in patients with suboptimal echocardiograms
Authors: Paul A Grayburn, James L Weiss, Terrence C Hack, Elizabeth Klodas, Joel S Raichlen, Manni A Vannan, Allan L Klein, Dalane W Kitzman, Steven G Chrysant, Jerald L Cohen, David Abrahamson, Elyse Foster, Julio E Perez, Gerard P Aurigemma, Julio A Panza, Michael H Picard, Benjamin F Byrd, Douglas S Segar, Stuart A Jacobson, David J Sahn, Anthony N DeMaria
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)

Objectives. This study was performed to compare the safety and efficacy of intravenous 2% dodecafluoropentane (DDFP) emulsion (EchoGen) with that of active control (sonicated human albumin [Albunex]) for left ventricular (LV) cavity opacification in adult patients with a suboptimal echocardiogram. Background. The development of new fluorocarbon-based echocardiographic contrast agents such as DDFP has allowed opacification of the left ventricle after peripheral venous injection. We hypothesized that DDFP was clinically superior to the Food and Drug Administration–approved active control. Methods. This was a Phase III, multicenter, single-blind, active controlled trial. Sequential intravenous injections of active control and DDFP were given 30 min apart to 254 patients with a suboptimal echocardiogram, defined as one in which the endocardial borders were not visible in at least two segments in either the apical two- or four-chamber views. Studies were interpreted in blinded manner by two readers and the investigators. Results. Full or intermediate LV cavity opacification was more frequently observed after DDFP than after active control (78% vs. 31% for reader A; 69% vs. 34% for reader B; 83% vs. 55% for the investigators, p < 0.0001). LV cavity opacification scores were higher with DDFP (2.0 to 2.5 vs. 1.1 to 1.5, p < 0.0001). Endocardial border delineation was improved by DDFP in 88% of patients versus 45% with active control (p < 0.001). Similar improvement was seen for duration of contrast effect, salvage of suboptimal echocardiograms, diagnostic confidence and potential to affect patient management. There was no difference between agents in the number of patients with adverse events attributed to the test agent (9% for DDFP vs. 6% for active control, p = 0.92). Conclusions. This Phase III multicenter trial demonstrates that DDFP is superior to sonicated human albumin for LV cavity opacification, endocardial border definition, duration of effect, salvage of suboptimal echocardiograms, diagnostic confidence and potential to influence patient management. The two agents had similar safety profiles.
Mechanisms of spontaneous human cancers.
Authors: S Venitt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The causes of much of human cancer remain obscure. The fraction that is spontaneous is unknown and cannot be calculated until all known external causes have been accounted for. This is not a feasible proposition. However, there is substantial evidence that about 80% of human cancer could be avoided by eliminating tobacco consumption; by dietary changes; by reducing infection with certain viruses, bacteria, and parasitic worms; and, in white populations, by avoiding sunburn. Alcohol, occupational and medical carcinogens, and certain patterns of reproductive behavior also contribute to the cancer burden. Cancers that cannot be attributed to these causes, and for which no other causes can be found, could be considered spontaneous and to arise from endogenous processes. Epidemiological evidence suggests that spontaneous and induced cancers share the same mechanism. Cancer is a genetic disorder of somatic cells. An accumulation of mutant genes that control the cell cycle, maintain genomic stability, and mediate apoptosis is central to carcinogenesis. Spontaneous mutation may cause spontaneous cancer. Endogenous causes of mutation include depurination and depyrimidation of DNA; proofreading and mismatch errors during DNA replication; deamination of 5-methylcytosine to produce C to T base pair substitutions; and damage to DNA and its replication imposed by products of metabolism (notably oxidative damage caused by oxygen free radicals). Deficiencies in cellular defense mechanisms may also provoke spontaneous mutation. These include defective DNA excision-repair; low levels of antioxidants, antioxidant enzymes, and nucleophiles that trap DNA-reactive electrophiles; and enzymes that conjugate nucleophiles with DNA-damaging electrophiles. Mechanisms underlying many of those cellular defenses are under genetic control. Thus, germ line mutations or polymorphisms of genes that govern them may also contribute to spontaneous cancer.
Efficacy of Tibetan Medicine as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Tenzin Namdul, Ajay Sood, Lakshmy Ramakrishnan, Ravindra M. Pandey, Denish Moorthy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

Lettersnondiabetic siblings of type 1 diabetic patients and therefore correlated with plasma concentrations of Lp(a) and fibrinogen.Cases of hyponatremia have been correlated with inflammation ( 14) and increased plasma interleukin Ϫ6 concentration (15).These findings are consistent with our hypothesis of an association among inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.Moreover, the familiarly overactive NHE could be viewed independently as further evidence for the presence in these families of a redox disequilibrium in which oxidation seems to be dominant.
Views and experiences of men who have sex with men on the ban on blood donation: a cross sectional survey with qualitative interviews
Authors: P. Grenfell, W. Nutland, S. McManus, J. Datta, K. Soldan, K. Wellings
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objective </b>To explore compliance with the UK blood services' criterion that excludes men who have had penetrative sex with a man from donating blood, and to assess the possible effects of revising this policy. <b>Design</b> A random location, cross sectional survey followed by qualitative interviews. <b>Setting</b> Britain. <b>Participants</b> 1028 of 32 373 men in the general population reporting any male sexual contact completed the survey. Additional questions were asked of a general population sample (n=3914). Thirty men who had had penetrative sex with a man participated in the qualitative interviews (19 who had complied with the blood services' exclusion criterion and 11 who had not complied). <b>Main outcome measure </b>Compliance with the blood services' lifetime exclusion criterion for men who have had penetrative sex with a man. <b>Results</b> 10.6% of men with experience of penetrative sex with a man reported having donated blood in Britain while ineligible under the exclusion criterion, and 2.5% had donated in the previous 12 months. Ineligible donation was less common among men who had had penetrative sex with a man recently (in previous 12 months) than among men for whom this last occurred longer ago. Reasons for non-compliance with the exclusion included self categorisation as low risk, discounting the sexual experience that barred donation, belief in the infallibility of blood screening, concerns about confidentiality, and misunderstanding or perceived inequity of the rule. Although blood donation was rarely viewed as a "right," potential donors were seen as entitled to a considered assessment of risk. A one year deferral since last male penetrative sex was considered by study participants to be generally feasible, equitable, and acceptable. <b>Conclusions</b> A minority of men who have sex with men who are ineligible to donate blood under the current donor exclusion in Britain have nevertheless done so in the past 12 months. Many of the reasons identified for non-compliance seem amenable to intervention. A clearly rationalised and communicated one year donor deferral is likely to be welcomed by most men who have sex with men.
Control of rabies.
Authors: K Kooros
Journal: BMJ (1969)

implants inserted as far back as 1956) kindly allowed us to examine them ; papers were read and discussed." Irreparable damage" appeared to belong to the past.I agree that intraocular implants have no place in the management of the usual run of refractive errors, assuming that appropriate spectacles or contact lenses are available.But the optical correction of aphakiaespecially unilateral-is quite another story.Where young children are concerned-and perforating wounds involving the crystalline lens are unhappily not rare-the situation is further complicated by the rapid onset of amblyopia, almost invariably irreversible in later life.Neither spectacles nor contact lenses provide a satisfactory answer, so the insertion of an intraocular lens implant, plus temporary occlusion of the uninjured eye, is the only practicable means of preventing amblyopia and restoring binocularity-as I stressed in 19591 and has been stressed by me and others' ever since.-Iam, etc., London W.I.