tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TRIPLETS WITH ONE PLACENTA.
Authors: WALTER E. SCARBOROUGH
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>Parental History.</h3> —The father and mother are natives of Illinois; the father is 38 years of age and the mother 32. The mother had previously given birth to seven children, two of whom were twins. <h3>History of Present Case.</h3> —I was called at 3 a. m., February 1. On making an examination I found the right foot presenting. The amniotic sac had not yet ruptured, so I punctured it and with the next pain the right foot descended into the vagina. Delivery was easy. After tying the cord I made an examination and found another sac presenting. In the course of 45 minutes I ruptured it and found a breech. The child was delivered, the cord tied, and another amnictic sac appeared; this I ruptured and, after 30 minutes another breech presented. This delivery was more difficult than the others. <h3>Remarks.</h3> —A peculiar feature of the case was the fact
Shock and awe: unleashing the heat shock response to treat Huntington disease
Authors: Meredith E. Jackrel, James Shorter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

The heat shock response (HSR) is a highly conserved protective mechanism that enables cells to withstand diverse environmental stressors that disrupt protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and promote protein misfolding. It has been suggested that small-molecule drugs that elicit the HSR by activating the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 might help mitigate protein misfolding and aggregation in several devastating neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington disease (HD). In this issue of the JCI, Labbadia et al. use a brain-penetrant Hsp90 inhibitor, HSP990, to induce the HSR in mouse models of HD. Unexpectedly, they observed that HSP990 confers only transient amelioration of a subset of HD-related phenotypes, because alterations in chromatin architecture impair the HSR upon disease progression. These findings suggest that synergistic combination therapies that simultaneously unleash the HSR and prevent its impairment are likely to be needed to restore proteostasis in HD.
My uncle, a GP in India
Authors: A S Coonar
Journal: BMJ (1996)

My father's elder brother, Dr P S Coonar, qualified in medicine from Amritsar, India. Singapore had fallen, the empire was in retreat, his own father was an army doctor, and men were needed in the forces. After the war a young decorated doctor could go in many directions, but he decided to come home to the Punjab, north India, where he still works as a general practitioner among the farms and towns that run up to the Himalayas. Though just over 70, he still sees about 100 patients a day. In the years since he founded the practice its stone steps have been worn smooth, polished by …
Protein 4.1B/Differentially Expressed in Adenocarcinoma of the Lung-1 Functions as a Growth Suppressor in Meningioma Cells by Activating Rac1-Dependent c-Jun-NH2-kinase Signaling
Authors: Mark A. Gerber, Scott M. Bahr, David H. Gutmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Meningiomas are the second most common brain tumor in adults, yet comparatively little is presently known about the dysregulated growth control pathways involved in their formation and progression. One of the most frequently observed genetic changes in benign meningioma involves loss of protein 4.1B expression. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that protein 4.1B growth suppression in meningioma is associated with the activation of the c-Jun-NH(2)-kinase (JNK) pathway and requires localization of a small unique region (U2 domain) of protein 4.1B to the plasma membrane. To define the relationship between protein 4.1B expression and JNK activation, as well as to determine the mechanism of JNK activation by protein 4.1B, we used a combination of genetic and pharmacologic approaches. In this report, we show that protein 4.1B/differentially expressed in adenocarcinoma of the lung-1 (DAL-1) expression in meningioma cells in vitro results in JNK activation, which requires the sequential activation of Src, Rac1, and JNK. In addition, inhibition of Rac1 or JNK activation abrogates protein 4.1B/DAL-1 growth suppression and cyclin A regulation. Last, protein 4.1B/DAL-1 regulation of this critical growth control pathway in meningioma cells requires the presence of the U2 domain. Collectively, these observations provide the first mechanistic insights into the function of protein 4.1B as a growth regulator in meningioma cells.
A Community Project in Behalf of the Hospitalized Mentally Ill Patient: The Cooperative Care Project
Authors: JULES V. COLEMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The project in general disclosed the extent and diversity of unmet needs for the community care of this group of particularly difficult patients and families. The value of community services of one kind or another as represented in the project, in meeting the needs of a great many patients and family members, was clearly demonstrated. It was also clear that coordination of services was often essential for their effective use. The project disclosed a number of findings of interest in relation to the course of the mentally ill patient entering and residing in the hospital and in the community. It indicated the relevance of different kinds of treatment procedures for patients at different times. It brought home with considerable impact the difficulties in community treatment of the mentally ill, as well as in the coordination of community services in their behalf. Finally, in making possible a greater depth of understanding of this special group of patients, the project suggests many possible approaches to their more effective care.
Cardiac Gallium Uptake in Doxorubicin-lnduced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: MALCOLM K. HATFIELD, WILLIAM B. MARTIN, JAMES W. RYAN, EVERETT E. VOKES, NICHOLAS J. VOGELZANG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Cardiac uptake in a patient with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is described. Follow-up examination with Ga-67 after clinical improvement of symptoms demonstrated lessened cardiac uptake.
A Clash of Old and New Scientific Concepts in Toxicity, with Important Implications for Public Health
Authors: John Peterson Myers, R. Thomas Zoeller, Frederick S. vom Saal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

BackgroundA core assumption of current toxicologic procedures used to establish health standards for chemical exposures is that testing the safety of chemicals at high doses can be used to predict the effects of low-dose exposures, such as those common in the general population. This assumption is based on the precept that "the dose makes the poison": higher doses will cause greater effects.ObjectivesWe challenge the validity of assuming that high-dose testing can be used to predict low-dose effects for contaminants that behave like hormones. We review data from endocrinology and toxicology that falsify this assumption and summarize current mechanistic understanding of how low doses can lead to effects unpredictable from high-dose experiments.DiscussionFalsification of this assumption raises profound issues for regulatory toxicology. Many exposure standards are based on this assumption. Rejecting the assumption will require that these standards be reevaluated and that procedures employed to set health standards be changed. The consequences of these changes may be significant for public health because of the range of health conditions now plausibly linked to exposure to endocrine-disrupting contaminants.ConclusionsWe recommend that procedures to establish acceptable exposure levels for endocrine-disrupting compounds incorporate the inability for high-dose tests to predict low-dose results. Setting acceptable levels of exposure must include testing for health consequences at prevalent levels of human exposure, not extrapolations from the effects observed in high-dose experiments. Scientists trained in endocrinology must be engaged systematically in standard setting for endocrine-disrupting compounds.
908-109 Incremental Prognostic Value of Electrocardiographic Findings when Added to Baseline Clinical Variables in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: William R. Hathaway, K. Michael Zabel, Eric D. Peterson, Maarten Simoons, Galen S. Wagner, Lynn H. Woodlief, Kerry L. Lee, Robert M. Califf, Christopher B. Granger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Comparison of pancreatic morphology and exocrine functional impairment in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
Authors: T Bozkurt, U Braun, S Leferink, G Gilly, G Lux
Journal: Gut (1994)

A comparative analysis of pancreatic morphology and exocrine function was performed prospectively in 48 patients. All patients had transabdominal ultrasound, computed tomography, endoscopic retrograde pancreatography, and a secretin-caerulein test. Classification of ultrasound, computed tomography, and pancreatogram findings was based on the Cambridge classification. In 10 patients, no pancreatic duct changes were detected on pancreatography. Equivocal (Cambridge I), mild to moderate (Cambridge II), and considerable ductal changes (Cambridge III) were found in 10, 12, and 16 patients, respectively. Computed tomography and ultrasound changes were found to correlate in 40-50%, 67%, and 94-100% of patients with Cambridge I, II, and III abnormal duct morphology, respectively. In patients with a normal pancreatogram, no patient had a functional impairment. Seventy per cent of the patients with equivocal pancreatic duct changes had dissociated, and 30% global, pancreatic insufficiency, while 50% of those with mild to moderate abnormal duct morphology manifested dissociated, and 50% global, functional impairment. All patients with considerable pancreatic duct changes had global pancreatic insufficiency. The results of this study confirm that normal endoscopic retrograde pancreatographic findings and Cambridge III ductal changes on endoscopic retrograde pancreatography correlate extremely well with normal pancreatic function and advanced functional insufficiency, respectively. As diagnostic tools, ultrasound and computed tomography are as sensitive as pancreatography only in chronic pancreatitis with considerable morphological changes.
Fc Receptor–Mediated Inhibitory Effect of Immunoglobulin Therapy on Autoimmune Giant Cell Myocarditis
Authors: Keisuke Shioji, Chiharu Kishimoto, Shigetake Sasayama
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Abstract— In the present study, the mechanisms and importance of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin in experimental giant cell myocarditis were examined. Giant cell myocarditis was induced in rats by immunization of porcine cardiac myosin. Human intact immunoglobulin (1 g · kg −1 · d −1 ) or F(ab′) 2 fragments of human immunoglobulin (1 g · kg −1 · d −1 ) were administered intraperitoneally daily on days 1 to 21. Intact immunoglobulin administration significantly ameliorated myocarditis, but F(ab′) 2 fragments did not. The ribonuclease protection assay revealed that therapy with intact immunoglobulin, but not F(ab′) 2 fragments, suppressed the mRNA expressions of inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that therapy with intact immunoglobulin, but not F(ab′) 2 fragments, suppressed dendritic cell (DC) expression during both the early and the subsequent fulminant phases. Moreover, the early treatment of intact immunoglobulin until the 11th day or 14th day, when the expression of DCs was completely suppressed, ameliorated myocarditis. However, the late treatment of intact immunoglobulin beginning on day 15, when the expression of DCs had already been completed, failed to ameliorate the condition. An in vitro study showed that intact immunoglobulin, but not F(ab′) 2 fragments, suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1β production associated with the downregulation of CD32 antigen (Fcγ receptor II) expression. Thus, intact immunoglobulin therapy markedly suppressed myocarditis as a result of Fc receptor–mediated anti-inflammatory action, and the suppression of the disease was associated with the suppression of DCs, ie, the suppression of the initial antigen-priming process in experimental giant cell myocarditis.
FIXED ERUPTION DUE TO IODIDE AND ANTIPYRINE.
Authors: HARVEY BAKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1962)

Journal Article FIXED ERUPTION DUE TO IODIDE AND ANTIPYRINE. Get access HARVEY BAKER, M.B., M.R.C.P. HARVEY BAKER, M.B., M.R.C.P. Professorial Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 74, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1962, Pages 310–316, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1962.tb13517.x Published: 01 August 1962
More Cardiac Dressage: Galop, Gallop, Gal(l)opitty Glop
Authors: Stephanie L. Herder
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It was with considerable interest that I read the letter by Dr Hund<sup>1</sup>concerning "Dressage for Cardiologists: Gallop or Canter?" As a physician and horseback rider for a number of years, I have always been intrigued by the apparent misuse of the term "gallop rhythm" to describe triple cardiac rhythms. Dr Hund is correct in his description of the gallop as a four-beat gait in which each hoof lands separately. This is then followed by a pause referred to as the "silent fifth," during which time the animal is suspended and no hoof is on the ground. A different gait that is both slower and shortened or collected is called the "canter," a three-beat gait also followed by a phase of suspension called the "silent fourth." Most writers consider the gallop and canter to be different gaits since the patterns of footfall are different in each.
Barbiturate Use in Narcotic Addicts
Authors: Ernest Hamburger
Journal: JAMA (1964)

IT IS SUSPECTED by many authorities that barbiturates are increasingly being used as drugs of psychic and physical dependence. A review of the literature shows that little is known about the actual extent of barbiturate use in the general population. Although statistics concerning the use of barbiturates are limited, some information is available. It is known that the equivalent of 26 doses of barbiturates for every man, woman, and child were produced in the US in 1955.<sup>1</sup>Barbiturate production is believed to have increased significantly since then. A number of serious and complex cases involving the problem of barbiturate use in narcotic addicts prompted the author to investigate this problem at the US Public Health Service Hospital in Lexington, Ky. The study was divided into two phases. The first was to accumulate as much experience as possible concerning the clinical problem of psychic and physical dependence on barbiturates in
Trials and Tribulations of Noninferiority: The Ximelagatran Experience
Authors: Gregory W. Albers, Hans-Christoph Diener, Lars Frison, Margaretha Grind, Jay Horrow, Mark Nevinson, S. Bertil Olsson, Stephen Partridge, Palle Petersen, Alec Vahanian, Jonathan L. Halperin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Lack of Acculturation Is a Risk Factor for Diabetes in Arab Immigrants in the U.S.
Authors: Linda A. Jaber, Morton B. Brown, Adnan Hammad, Qian Zhu, William H. Herman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To examine the relationship between dysglycemia (impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes) and acculturation, physical activity, and perceived stress in Arab immigrants in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In a cross-sectional population-based study, we examined 520 Arab Americans, aged 20–75 years, who were born in the Middle East and immigrated to southeastern Michigan. Dysglycemia was assessed by history and with a 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Acculturation, physical activity, and perceived stress were measured with standardized questionnaires. RESULTS—Associations were found between dysglycemia in men and older age at immigration, unemployment, speaking Arabic with friends, being less active in Arabic organizations, more frequent consumption of Arabic food, and less integration into American society. Dysglycemia in women was associated with being raised in rural areas of the Middle East, older age at immigration, longer length of stay in the U.S., not being employed outside the home, less than high school education, not attending Arabic or American schools, and not being able to read Arabic. Among men, older age at immigration, shorter length of stay in the U.S., less activity in Arab organizations, and eating Arabic food were associated with dysglycemia independent of age and BMI. Among women, acculturation was very low and was confounded with age and BMI as powerful risk factors for dysglycemia. No association was found between physical activity, perceived stress, and the risk of dysglycemia in either sex. CONCLUSIONS—Lack of acculturation is an important risk factor for dysglycemia in immigrant Arab Americans. Intervention programs aimed at diabetes prevention should consider the acculturation process.
What Is CBA/CEA, and Why Are They Doing This to Us?
Authors: Victor R. Fuchs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Many physicians approach cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis (CBA/CEA) with something akin to what Sir James Frazer described as "the awe and dread with which the untutored savage contemplates his mother-in-law." 1 This is unwise and unnecessary. The recently published report of the Office of Technology Assessment2 makes it clear that CBA/CEA is neither a purgative nor a panacea nor a placebo. This well-written, carefully documented study explains the strengths and weaknesses of CBA/CEA, reviews attempts to apply it in health care, and offers a set of policy options and recommendations for future action. The report deserves the attention of physicians and . . .
Nightmare from the Sixties
Authors: Penelope J. Tipton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

On Being a Patient20 June 2000Nightmare from the SixtiesPenelope J. TiptonPenelope J. TiptonWilliamstown, MA 01267 (Tipton)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Even after 30 years, it remains difficult for me to tell this story. And if doctors can learn from it, then I suppose the story is worth the telling.I was at the time a college student in Boston. It was in those days of the sixties, those days of the Beatles and Vietnam, when protest was everywhere—and yet, incredibly, the Brahmins of Boston, together with the Catholic Church, still managed to legislate morality. Having myself been sheltered from life by family and Church, I found the freedom of the university setting exciting, and—I won't make excuses—I found the intimacies ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Williamstown, MA 01267 (Tipton)Corresponding Author: Penelope Tipton, 191 Water Street, Williamstown, MA 01267. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byChemical VaginitisLife on the Receiving End: A Qualitative Analysis of Health Providers??? Illness Narratives 20 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 12Page: 1002-1003KeywordsEmergency departmentEmotionsHemorrhageMiscarriageMouthPotassiumPregnancyResearch laboratoriesUterusVagina ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 20 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
TREATMENT OF NEPHROSIS WITH CONCENTRATED HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN. II. EFFECTS ON RENAL FUNCTION AND ON EXCRETION OF WATER AND SOME ELECTROLYTES 123
Authors: John A. Luetscher, Alastair D. Hall, Virginia L. Kremer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1950)

The administration of concentrated human se- rum albumin to patients with the nephrotic syn- drome is followed by an effective diuresis in approximately one-half of the treated cases (1-4).Previous reports (3, 5) indicate that the injected albumin is diluted by extracellular fluid to ap- proximately the original level of plasma protein concentration until diuresis occurs.Replacement of the normal total amount of circulating albumin does not regularly ensure a return to normal con- ditions.The plasma proteins can be concentrated to normal levels only after elimination of most of the edema.These observations suggest that the inability of the kidneys to excrete normal quantities of so- dium and water in nephrosis (6-8) may be a cause, not a consequence, of the edema, and may help to maintain a low plasma protein concentra- tion.In the present study, certain aspects of the renal control of sodium and water excretion are examined, as well as some circulatory and hor- monal factors which influence this control. METHODSThe 13 patients were adults with the characteristic fea- tures of the nephrotic syndrome, without significant hy-
Pathophysiology and Treatment of Septic Shock
Authors: Eric C. Rackow
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The mortality from septic shock continues to range between 40% to 60% despite advances in cardiovascular support and antibiotic therapy. Impairment of host defenses predisposes to the development of both severe infection and septic shock. The activation of a myriad of cellular and plasma mediators by microbial toxins produces the systemic and metabolic manifestations of sepsis. The clinical presentation includes characteristic clinical, hemodynamic, and laboratory abnormalities. Multiple organ systems are involved during septic shock, with outcome dependent on the circulatory response and the development of sequential organ failures. Initial resuscitation is directed at restoring tissue perfusion with fluids and vasoactive drugs, guided by assessment of the patient's hemodynamic status. Identification of the site of infection and choice of appropriate antibiotics are critical to the success of therapy. Newer therapeutic modalities include immunologic interventions that attenuate mediator activity and modulate the immune response. Pharmacologic therapies are also being developed that are aimed at blocking the actions of specific mediators.
Chylothorax and chylous ascites due to heart failure
Authors: V Villena, A de Pablo, P Martin-Escribano
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

Chylous ascites and chylothorax have rarely been reported as a consequence of severe right heart failure. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of both disorders occurring as a result of ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The autopsy findings and possible mechanisms of production are discussed.
Rectal malignant lymphoma in chronic ulcerative colitis.
Authors: D Bartolo, J R Goepel, M A Parsons
Journal: Gut (1982)

Carcinoma of the colon as a complication of ulcerative colitis is relatively common, whereas malignant lymphoma is apparently rare; there are approximately 20 recorded cases. We report a case of follicular lymphoma of the rectum in a 73 year old woman with a 21 year history of ulcerative colitis. In view of the possible immune basis of ulcerative colitis, it is important to report and accurately classify cases of lymphoma arising in association with it.
Advanced chronic heart failure: A position statement from the Study Group on Advanced Heart Failure of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Marco Metra, Piotr Ponikowski, Kenneth Dickstein, John J.V. McMurray, Antonello Gavazzi, Claes‐Hakan Bergh, Alan G. Fraser, Tiny Jaarsma, Antonis Pitsis, Paul Mohacsi, Michael Böhm, Stefan Anker, Henry Dargie, Dirk Brutsaert, Michel Komajda
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2007)