tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rapid Assessment of Anti-HIV siRNA Efficacy Using PCR-Derived Pol III shRNA Cassettes
Authors: Lisa J. Scherer, Yuksel Yildiz, James Kim, Laurence Cagnon, Bret Heale, John J. Rossi
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Identification of sequences within a target mRNA that are susceptible to potent siRNA knockdown often requires testing several independent siRNAs or shRNA expression cassettes. Using RNAi against HIV RNAs is further complicated by the length of the viral genome, the complexity of splicing patterns, and the propensity for genetic heterogeneity; consequently, it is most important to identify a number of siRNA targets that potently block viral replication. We previously described a facile PCR-based strategy for rapid synthesis of si/shRNA expression units and their testing in mammalian cells. Using this approach, which is rapid and inexpensive, it is possible to screen a number of potential RNAi targets in HIV to identify those that are most susceptible to RNAi. We report that shRNA expression cassettes constructed by PCR and cotransfected directly into mammalian cells with HIV proviral DNA express shRNAs that are inhibitory to HIV-1 replication. Our results also demonstrate that there is a wide range of efficacies among shRNAs targeting different sites throughout the HIV genome. By screening several different targets we were able to identify a sequence in a common tat/rev exon that is exquisitely sensitive to RNAi. Furthermore we relate the efficacies of our PCR product expressed shRNAs to the relative stabilities of the siRNA duplexes and the accessibilities of the target sites to antisense base pairing in cell extracts.
Raised limb bands developing in infancy
Authors: S.J. Meggitt, J. Harper, M. Lacour, A.E.M. Taylor
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Raised limb bands developing in infancy Get access S.J. Meggitt, S.J. Meggitt Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K Simon J. Meggitt. E‐mail: simonmeggitt@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Harper, J. Harper Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Lacour, M. Lacour Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.E.M. Taylor A.E.M. Taylor Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 2, 1 August 2002, Pages 359–363, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04775.x Published: 01 August 2002 Article history Accepted: 12 December 2001 Published: 01 August 2002
Bless the Seats and the Children: The Physician and the Legislative Process
Authors: Robert S. Sanders
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death and injury for all children beyond infancy,<sup>1</sup>and more than 90% of children ride unprotected in automobiles.<sup>2</sup>Physicians have recognized that the current epidemic of highway casualties among our very young is essentially preventable and that state-by-state child restraint laws are the most practical approach to "immunizing" most of these children against their leading killer. Since the nation's first child-restraint legislation, the Tennessee Child Protection Act, was implemented in January 1978, 49 states have enacted similar laws. In each state, pediatricians and other physicians have played a key role in lobbying for this effort. This heartening experience should stimulate physicians of all specialties to consider extending these laws to protect older children and adults from the carnage witnessed daily on our streets and highways. The remarkable dividends resulting from the Tennessee law, as reported in this issue (p 2571)
Role of interleukin-6 in mediating mesangial cell proliferation and matrix production in vivo
Authors: Frank Eitner, Ralf Westerhuis, Michael Burg, Birgit Weinhold, Hermann-Josef Gröne, Tammo Ostendorf, Ulrich Rüther, Karl-Martin Koch, Andrew J. Rees, Jürgen Floege
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
Effects of aldosterone and potassium-sparing diuretics on electrical potential differences across the distal nephron.
Authors: J B Gross, J P Kokko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

We have previously shown that the transtubular potential of the rabbit cortical collecting tubule varies in concert with changes in plasma mineralocorticoid levels, while the potential of the distal convoluted tubule is invariant with such changes. In the present studies we have examined the effects of in vitro addition of d-aldosterone to isolated tubules, as well as the effects of triamterene and spirolactone. d-Aldosterone (0.2 mum added to the perfusate or 1 muM added to the bathing medium) resulted in a marked stimulation of the transtubular potential difference (lumen-negative) after a short latent period. d-Aldosterone had no effect on the potential difference of distal convoluted tubules of intact or adrenalectomized rabbits. Both the magnitude of the response and the length of the latent period in the cortical collecting tubule after aldosterone were markedly temperature-dependent. Triamterene caused a gradual but reversible inhibition of the potential difference in the cortical collecting tubule but had no effect in the distal tubule. Spirolactone, when added before aldosterone, blocked the electrical response to the hormone in the cortical collecting tubule, and produced a gradual inhibition of the potential difference in mineralocorticoid-stimulated tubules. Spirolactone had no effect on the potential difference of the distal tubule. We conclude that (a) the influence of aldosterone on the potential across the distal nephron is restricted to the distal convoluted tubule, (b) the electrical response to aldosterone and the latent period are temperature-dependent, (c) the response to aldosterone is blocked by spirolactone, and (d) triamterene inhibits the potential difference only in the cortical collecting tubule.
Dominant-negative suppression by KCNQ1-ΔF339 potassium channels linked to Romano–Ward syndrome
Authors: D THOMAS, A WIMMER, C KARLE, M LICKA, M ALTER, M KHALIL, H ULMER, S KATHOFER, J KIEHN, H KATUS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Hereditary long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by prolonged QT intervals and an increased risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Mutations in the voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNQ1 induce the most common form of LQTS. KCNQ1 is associated with two different entities of LQTS, the autosomal-dominant Romano-Ward syndrome (RWS), and the autosomal-recessive Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) characterized by bilateral deafness in addition to cardiac arrhythmias. In this study, we investigate and discuss dominant-negative I(Ks) current reduction by a KCNQ1 deletion mutation identified in a RWS family.Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing were used to screen LQTS genes for mutations. Mutant KCNQ1 channels were heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and potassium currents were recorded using the two-microelectrode voltage clamp technique.A heterozygous deletion of three nucleotides (CTT) identified in the KCNQ1 gene caused the loss of a single phenylalanine residue at position 339 (KCNQ1-deltaF339). Electrophysiological measurements in the presence and absence of the regulatory beta-subunit KCNE1 revealed that mutant and wild type forms of an N-terminal truncated KCNQ1 subunit (isoform 2) caused much stronger dominant-negative current reduction than the mutant form of the full-length KCNQ1 subunit (isoform 1).This study highlights the functional relevance of the truncated KCNQ1 splice variant (isoform 2) in establishment and mode of inheritance in long QT syndrome. In the RWS family presented here, the autosomal-dominant trait is caused by multiple dominant-negative effects provoked by heteromultimeric channels formed by wild type and mutant KCNQ1-isoforms in combination with KCNE1.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 Interacts with Autocrine Motility Factor/Phosphoglucose Isomerase (AMF/PGI) and Inhibits the AMF/PGI Function
Authors: Suresh Mishra, Avrahram Raz, Liam J. Murphy
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Autocrine motility factor/phosphoglucose isomerase (AMF/PGI) was identified as a binding partner for insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in solubilized T47D and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell membranes. The interaction between AMF/PGI and IGFBP-3 was verified by cross-linking biotinylated IGFBP-3 to intact cells. After solubilization of the membranes, the biotinylated complexes were precipitated with streptavidin-agarose conjugate and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. A Mr ∼80,000 complex was identified when the nitrocellulose membranes were probed either with streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate or AMF/PGI antiserum confirming the cross-linking of IGFBP-3 to AMF/PGI. The interaction between IGFBP-3 and AMF/PGI was also further confirmed by ligand blotting of purified AMF/PGI using biotinylated IGFBP-3. Both glycosylated and nonglycosylated IGFBP-3 inhibited the catalytic activity of AMF/PGI in a dose-dependent fashion. In addition, IGFBP-3 inhibited the binding of AMF/PGI to breast cancer cells and AMF/PGI-induced migration of both T47D and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. IGFBP-3 also decreased the phosphorylation of AMF/PGI and reduced the translocation of AMF/PGI to the cell membrane and AMF/PGI. AMF/PGI resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of IGFBP-3 induced apoptosis in T47D and MCF-7 cells. In summary, we have identified AMF/PGI as a membrane-associated binding partner for IGFBP-3 in breast cancer cells. The ability of IGFBP-3 to bind and inhibit the actions of AMF/PGI may have some role in the antiproliferative proapoptotic effects of IGFBP-3.
Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: L. David Hillis, Peter K. Smith, Jeffrey L. Anderson, John A. Bittl, Charles R. Bridges, John G. Byrne, Joaquin E. Cigarroa, Verdi J. DiSesa, Loren F. Hiratzka, Adolph M. Hutter, Michael E. Jessen, Ellen C. Keeley, Stephen J. Lahey, Richard A. Lange, Martin J. London, Michael J. Mack, Manesh R. Patel, John D. Puskas, Joseph F. Sabik, Ola Selnes, David M. Shahian, Jeffrey C. Trost, Michael D. Winniford
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Advanced periductal fibrosis from infection with the carcinogenic human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini correlates with elevated levels of interleukin-6
Authors: Banchob Sripa, Eimorn Mairiang, Bandit Thinkhamrop, Thewarach Laha, Sasithorn Kaewkes, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Smarn Tessana, Alex Loukas, Paul J. Brindley, Jeffrey M. Bethony
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

More than 750 million people are at risk of infection with foodborne liver flukes. Opisthorchis viverrini is considered among the most important of these parasites, due to its strong association with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). O. viverrini infection results in a chronic inflammatory challenge to the host, which can lead to advanced, pathogen-specific disease sequelae including obstructive jaundice, hepatomegaly, cholecystitis, as well as CCA. However, before disease sequelae are apparent, important inflammatory changes to the liver can be detected early during O. viverrini infection. In a case-control study involving 328 men and women with O. viverrini infection, we determined the presence of advanced periductal fibrosis in asymptomatic, O. viverrini-infected individuals and then measured cytokine responses to O. viverrini excretory/secretory products (ES). In the 200 participants with advanced periductal fibrosis (cases), levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) to O. viverrini ES were 8 times higher than levels of the 128 O. viverrini-infected individuals without advanced periductal fibrosis (controls). Moreover, elevated IL-6 to parasite ES was associated with increased risk of advanced periductal fibrosis by 63% in a model adjusted for sex and age. The risk of advanced periductal fibrosis was also found to increase with higher levels of IL-6: individuals in the third quartile of IL-6-ES production had a 127% higher risk of developing advanced periductal fibrosis than individuals in the first quartile of IL-6 production. O. viverrini-infected individuals with advanced periductal fibrosis showed other hepatobiliary abnormalities, including reduced gallbladder contractility and the presence of gallbladder sludge.
Value of Ankle-jerk Timing in the Assessment of Thyroid Function
Authors: A. S. Abraham, M. Atkinson, B. Roscoe
Journal: BMJ (1966)

The delayed relaxation of the tendon-jerk in myxoedema was first described by Ord (1884), and in 1924 Chaney, using a pneumatic recording system, measured the tendon-reflex time in myxoedema and showed that it returned to normal with treatment.In 1929 Mussio Fournier demonstrated rapid tendon reflexes in thyrotoxicosis.Various techniques have since been devised for timing the ankle-jerk.The movement of the foot has been transmitted to a pedal recording electronically (Lambert et al., 1951; Smart and Robson, 1963; Miles and Surveyor, 1965), or to a wire moving through an electrolyte solution which completes an electrical circuit (Mioulopoulos et al., 1964).The photoelectric method (Photomotograph) of Gilson (1959), depending upon interruption by the foot of a beam of light activating a photo- electric cell, has been used by Fogel et al. ( 1962), Avera and Overholt (1962), Sherman et al., (1963), and Simpson et al. (1963).The electromagnetic system (Kinemometer) of Lawson (1958), in which movement of a magnet attached to the foot induces a current in an adjacent coil, was used by de Gennes and Deschamps (1961), Mann (1963), and Nuttall and Doe (1964).This apparatus commended itself to us because of its simplicity and convenience, and has been employed in this FIG.1.-Kinemometer showing close-up of coil with attached leads from a portable electrocardiograph, and the relationship of the coil to the magnet. MeasurementsThe tracing obtained (Fig. 2) consists of initial rapid oscillations due to the hammer striking the tendon, beginning
Experienced doctor and politician given EU health brief
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Vytenis Andriukaitis, a leading Lithuanian politician, has been nominated to take charge of the European Commission’s public health portfolio for the next five years. The 63 year old has a wealth of practical and political experience both as a medical practitioner and former health minister.

He has a degree in medicine, specialising in surgery (he worked as a cardiac surgeon between 1975 and 1993), and until recently had been Lithuania’s health minister since 2012. He had a prominent role as chairman of meetings of the European Union’s 28 health ministers …
815-4 Impact of an open artery late after infarction: Angiographic results of the DECOPI randomized trial
Authors: Philippe Gabriel Steg, Christophe Thuaire, Dominique Himbert, Jacques Puel, S Champagne, Damien Coisne, Khalife Khalife, Pierre Cazaux, Damien Logeart, Michel Slama, Sylvie Chevret, Lionel Brucker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Urinary Tract Infection with Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Henry S. Fraimow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 February 1995Urinary Tract Infection with Enterococcus faecalisHenry S. Fraimow, MD and James Dean, MDHenry S. Fraimow, MDSearch for more papers by this author and James Dean, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-3-199502010-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Jacoby is correct in noting that we were not the first to report a clinical isolate that required an antimicrobial agent for growth [1]. In addition to being a well-described laboratory phenomenon, streptomycin dependence has also been reported in several clinical isolates [2]. Of note, many of these antibiotic-dependent strains were also isolated from the urinary tract, an environment in which a large inoculum of organisms may be continuously exposed to high antibiotic concentrations for prolonged periods and in which an antibiotic-resistant organism may take the “next” evolutionary step toward the development of antibiotic dependence. As Dr. ...References1. Fraimow HS, Jungkind DL, Lander DW, Delso DR, Dean JL. Urinary tract infection with an Enterococcus faecalis isolate that requires vancomycin for growth. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:22-6. Google Scholar2. Finland M. Emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. N Engl J Med. 1955; 253:1019-28. Google Scholar3. Dabbs ER. New tool for studying interactions of components of ribonucleic acid polymerase: rifampin-dependent mutants. J Bacteriol. 1979; 139:1072-4. Google Scholar4. Davies J. What are antibiotics? Archaic functions for modern activities. Mol Microbiol. 1990; 4:1227-32. Google Scholar5. Amabile-Cuevas CF. Origin, evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance genes. Austin, Texas: R.G. Landes; 1993:1-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1995Volume 122, Issue 3Page: 238KeywordsAntibiotic resistanceAntibioticsAntimicrobialsAttentionBacteriaEnterococcus faecalisResearch laboratoriesStreptomycin Issue Published: 1 February 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Experimental evidence that skin carcinogenesis is a multistep phenomenon
Authors: F. MARKS, G. FuRSTENBERGER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Experimental evidence that skin carcinogenesis is a multistep phenomenon Get access F. MARKS, F. MARKS German Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biochemistry, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 6900 Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany Dr F.Marks. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. FüRSTENBERGER G. FüRSTENBERGER German Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biochemistry, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 6900 Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue s31, 1 August 1986, Pages 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02100.x Published: 01 August 1986
Allergy to house-dust mites in the tropics.
Authors: D J Buchanan, I G Jones
Journal: BMJ (1972)

B.M.J. in press) inunosuppression has been managed on the basis of regular white cell counts with acute rejection episodes diagnosed on biochemical and clinical grounds.One patient has died, five nephrectomies have been performed, and the remaining 27 patients (82%) are alive and well at from three years to six months post- transplant.We feel from our research ex- perience that the rosette inhibition test is not sensitive or accurate enough as an index of "immune status" to be used as the basis of patient management in clinical renal transplantation.-Weare, etc.,
GP practices abandon boundaries to widen choice for patients
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Patients in areas of London, Manchester and Salford, and Nottingham will be able to register with a GP practice away from where they live for the first time from the end of April as part of a one year pilot scheme.

The Department of Health wants to make it easier for patients to register with a practice of their choice, so participating GP practices will no longer operate traditional practice boundaries. Patients will be able to register with a practice remote from their home or choose to see a GP at such a practice where they are not registered on an ad hoc basis.

The aim is to make it easier for people who cannot easily attend their local surgery during weekdays, such …
Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Reginald H. Smithwick, William E. R. Greer, Charles W. Robertson, Robert W. Wilkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

PHEOCHROMOCYTOMAS are rare tumors that may cause any known form of hypertension. Although the hypertension may be and most commonly is paroxysmal, it may also be nonparoxysmal. In either case, the hypertension may be intermittent or persistent. Pheochromocytomas develop from chromaffin tissue and consequently are found wherever this occurs. The most common location is the medullary portion of the adrenal gland. Tumors also arise from sympathetic-ganglion tissue and consequently may be found in various locations. The most common site of origin other than the adrenal gland is the organ of Zuckerkandl, which is located just above the aortic bifurcation. In . . .