tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Hexamethonium on Normal Individuals in Relation to Its Concentration in the Plasma
Authors: B. Morrison, W. D. M. Paton
Journal: BMJ (1953)

RDITISNAL 1299 increased.No evidence has been obtained why this phenomenon is seen to such a varying degree in all clinical groups, or why there is a maximum level of tolerance for a particular patient. SummaryA study is presented of 39 hypertensive patients on treatment with hexamethonium bromide by subcutaneous injection.The patients were drawn from the com- plicated-essential, malignant, or renal groups of hyper- tension, and uncomplicated cases were not included.Details of treatment routine and general management are given, as it is felt that these are of great importance in the achievement of successful results.Five patients died whilst on treatment and it was discontinued for various reasons in six others, but 28 patients received regular therapy for periods varying be- tween three and fifteen months and were seen at least once a month in the out-patient clinic.After the development of a very variable amount of tolerance to the drug during the first four to eight weeks, all patients were able to be stabilized on a dose which gave an average blood-pressure level much below that found in the control period.Reduction in mean systolic pressure ranged from 20 to 90 mm.Hg and in mean I should like to thank Professor J. McMichael for his help and advice in carrying out this study and in preparing the paper, also Dr. W. D. M. Paton for estimating the plasma levels, Dr. J. F
Induction of antibodies to hyaluronic acid by immunization of rabbits with encapsulated streptococci.
Authors: H M Fillit, M McCarty, M Blake
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

The immunogenicity of hyaluronic acid was investigated. Rabbits were immunized with encapsulated group A and C streptococci. Intact long-chain hyaluronate was conjugated to BSA for use as antigen in an ELISA. Antibodies to the hyaluronate-BSA conjugate were detected in peak immune sera. The specificity of the antibodies for both mammalian and streptococcal hyaluronate was shown by inhibition studies. To further confirm the presence of antihyaluronate antibodies, hyaluronidase-digested streptococcal hyaluronate was conjugated to biotin and used as an antigen in the ELISA. A clear immunization effect was shown for each rabbit by the study of preimmune and postimmunization bleedings. Titers for each rabbit increased by greater than 32 - 256 - fold. Inhibition studies using hyaluronidase-digested hyaluronate and periodate-treated hyaluronate showed that the immunodominant site of antibody reactivity was a terminal glucuronic acid residue. Further studies showed that the carboxyl group of the terminal glucuronide was the major immunoreactive site. Both mammalian and streptococcal hyaluronate inhibited the immune rabbit sera reaction to streptococcal hyaluronate, demonstrating crossreactivity of these molecules. Thus, hyaluronate was shown to be immunogenic in rabbits.
Multifactorial diagnostic NIR imaging of CCK2R expressing tumors
Authors: Susanne Kossatz, Martin Béhé, Rosalba Mansi, Dieter Saur, Peter Czerney, Werner A. Kaiser, Ingrid Hilger
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)

Optical imaging-based diagnostics identify malignancies based on molecular changes instead of morphological criteria in a non-invasive, irradiation free process. The aim of this study was to improve imaging efficiency by the development of a new Cholecystokinin-2-receptor targeted fluorescent peptide that matches the clinical needs regarding biodistribution and pharmacokinetics while displaying superior target specificity. Furthermore we performed multifactorial imaging of Cholecystokinin-2-receptor and tumor metabolism, since simultaneous targeting of various tumor biomarkers could intensely increase tumor identification and characterization. Affinity and specificity of the fluorescent Cholecystokinin-2-receptor targeted minigastrin (dQ-MG-754) were tested in vitro. We conducted in vivo imaging of the dQ-MG-754 probe alone and in a multifactorial approach with a GLUT-1 targeted probe (IR800 2-DG) on subcutaneous xenograft bearing athymic nude mice up to 24 h after intravenous injection (n = 5/group), followed by ex vivo biodistribution analysis and histological examination. We found specific, high affinity binding (Kd = 1.77 nM ± 0.6 nM) of dQ-MG-754 to Cholecystokinin-2-receptor expressing cells and xenografts as well as favorable pharmacokinetics for fluorescence-guided endoscopy. We successfully performed multifactorial imaging for the simultaneous detection of the Cholecystokinin-2-receptor and GLUT-1 targeted probe. Prominent differences in uptake patterns of the two contrast agents could be detected. The results were validated by histological examinations. The multifactorial imaging approach presented in this study could facilitate cancer detection in diagnostic imaging and intraoperative and endoscopic applications. Especially the dQ-MG-754 probe bears great potential for translation to clinical endoscopy imaging, because it combines specific high affinity binding with renal elimination and a favorable biodistribution.
Brainerd Diarrhea: A Newly Recognized Raw Milk-Associated Enteropathy
Authors: Martin J. Blaser
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In the not-so-distant past, raw milk-associated diseases were so prevalent that "milk-scarlatina" and "milk-diphtheria" were part of our language. The realization that the hazards posed by raw milk consumption could be essentially eliminated by pasteurization led to its nearly universal implementation in the United States and other developed countries.<sup>1</sup>However, raw milk consumption persists today, despite the well-recognized risks of bacterial infection. Streptococci,<i>Brucella</i>, corynebacteria, and<i>Listeria</i>can cause systemic illnesses, but acute enteritis is the most common health problem associated with raw milk consumption.<sup>2</sup>The major recognized milk-borne enteric pathogens—<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>and<i>Campylobacter fetus</i><sup>3</sup>;<i>Salmonella</i>, especially<i>Salmonella dublin</i><sup>4</sup>; and<i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i><sup>5</sup>— usually cause acute self-limited diarrheal disease. However, these pathogens may also cause pseudoappendicitis, leading to unnecessary laparotomy. Severe illnesses, including bacteremias, infectious abortion, and distant abscesses, or death may result, especially in previously compromised hosts. Ironically, pregnant women and compromised hosts
Branch of Medicine Called 'Narcology' Spearheads Aggressive Soviet Campaign Against Alcoholism
Authors: Timothy F. Kirn
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ALCOHOLIC PERSONS in the Soviet Union will wait up to three years to be treated by Grigorii Romanovich Dovzhenko, MD, of Feodosiya in the Crimea. Dovzhenko uses hypnosis and individual psychotherapy. The goal of his treatment is to condition the patient to abstain completely from alcohol for as long a period of time as the patient wishes. According to Lyudmila Vasilevna Novitskaya-Usenko, MD, an anesthesiologist and director of the Dnepropetrovsk Medical Institute in the Ukraine, Dovzhenko has been treating alcoholic persons for about 40 years, but it has been during the last 15 years that his ideas coalesced and he developed this specific psychotherapeutic method. The treatment is done on an inpatient basis and takes only three days. It combines group and individual psychiatric counseling, in addition to the hypnosis. No drugs are used. Novitskaya-Usenko said he has now treated more than 12 000 people, and the relapse rate—that is,
Cross-sectional study with multiple measurements of biological markers for assessing stomach cancer risks at the population level.
Authors: S Tsugane, M Tsuda, F Gey, S Watanabe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

A cross-sectional study to determine correlations between measurable biologic markers and mortality from stomach cancer was performed in various areas of Japan. Blood and urine were collected from randomly selected 40- to 49-year-old men and their spouses in four areas with different rates of mortality from stomach cancer. The samples were analyzed for levels of the micronutrients vitamins A, C, and E, beta-carotene, and lycopene in plasma and for levels of NaCl, nitrate, and N-nitrosamino acids (N-nitrosoproline, N-nitrosothioproline [NTPRO] and N-nitrosomethylthioproline [NMTPRO]) in 24-hr urine. A significant, strong correlation was found between the amount of salt excreted in urine and stomach cancer mortality in both men and women. Although the amounts of nitrate and of the three N-nitrosamino acids in 24-hr urine were not correlated with stomach cancer rates, the low excretion levels of NTPRO and NMTPRO in the lowest risk area for stomach cancer were noteworthy, regardless of the high level of nitrate excretion in the same area. This suggests a lesser degree of endogenous nitrosation in the body. No protective effect of micronutrients was observed in this correlation study; there was, however, a negative correlation between plasma lycopene level and stomach cancer mortality. Salt intake was thus confirmed to play an important role in the development of stomach cancer and is likely to be a rate-regulating factor in Japanese populations. N-Nitrosamino acids and lycopene may also be related to stomach cancer mortality.
A PROPER SUBJECT FOR PUBLIC HEALTH.
Authors: E. CHENERY
Journal: JAMA (1892)

large as a Lima bean.(Fig. 3.) The sclera over this region is thin, showing the choroid through.The growth or tumor, he says, has only been coming two months, and is now growing fast, increasing every day-probably sarcoma.December 17, with hypo¬ dermic syringe I injected the tumor with methyl- violet solution, 1 to 1,000, gtts.v.There was a watery fluid escaped under the conjunctiva, pro¬
Medical Quality Management Sourcebook, 2000 Edition: A Comprehensive Guide to Standardizing Quality Measurement and Improving Care
Authors: Patrick S. Romano
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes2 May 2000Medical Quality Management Sourcebook, 2000 Edition: A Comprehensive Guide to Standardizing Quality Measurement and Improving CarePatrick S. Romano, MD, MPHPatrick S. Romano, MD, MPHUniversity of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California. (Romano)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-9-200005020-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Rosenthal B, ed. 567 pages. New York: Faulkner & Gray; 1999. $325.00. ISBN 1579871194. Order phone 800-535-8403.Field of medicine: Quality improvement and patient safety.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Quality improvement leaders, physicians, hospital executives, managers, and purchasers of health care.Purpose: To provide an overview of current quality measurement and reporting initiatives in the United States, with a focus on topical issues.Content: Eight chapters cover initiatives to reduce medical and drug errors, new measures in the Health Plan Employer Data Information Set 2000, external review systems created to process managed care appeals, national efforts to standardize quality measurement, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California. (Romano) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 May 2000Volume 132, Issue 9Page: 768KeywordsChild healthHealth careHealth care providersHealth care qualityHealth information technologyInternetQuality improvementResearch quality assessmentSafetySystematic reviews ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 2 May 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
HEMATURIA DUE TO SHOE DYE POISONING
Authors: HENRY H. HAFT
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Since the papers of Muehlberger1and Patek2have appeared, attention has been called to the possibility of shoe dye poisoning being the cause of otherwise unexplained cyanosis appearing in previously healthy, normal persons. Two such cases have appeared in Syracuse within the last six months, and in the last case, to be described presently, an unusual feature, heretofore undescribed, was present; namely, gross bleeding from the urinary tract.  The toxic effect of aniline dye poisoning is usually cardiac. The conductive mechanism of the heart is disturbed and the blood pressure becomes low. The constant feature of cyanosis is explained both by the resultant impaired circulation and by the presence of para-aminophenol in the alkaline medium of the blood and tissues.  In the acute stages of aniline dye poisoning, there is a relative increase in erythrocytes, in hemoglobin and in oxygen capacity. Contrary to the opinion of many,3
Bronchiectasis and oligospermia: two families.
Authors: P B Davis, V S Hubbard, A J Garvin
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Five patients from two families had a bronchiectasis syndrome; the men also had oligospermia with poor progressive sperm motility. None of the patients had cystic fibrosis, alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency, immunoglobulin deficiency, structural abnormalities of the bronchi, or abnormalities of ciliary ultrastructure. Onset of pulmonary symptoms was in the neonatal period or infancy, and bronchitis and bronchiectasis were most severe in the middle and lower lobes. Two patients had sinusitis and two otitis. The two men old enough to be studied had 2-10 X 10(6) sperm/ml of ejaculate with less than 10% progressively motile. There were no other associated anomalies. These patients probably had a distinct genetic error predisposing to pulmonary infection leading to bronchiectasis and, in men, oligospermia with poor progressive motility.
Training General Practitioners in the Treatment of Functional Somatic Symptoms: Effects on Patient Health in a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial (the Functional Illness in Primary Care Study)
Authors: Tomas Toft, Marianne Rosendal, Eva Ørnbøl, Frede Olesen, Lisbeth Frostholm, Per Fink
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Patients with medically unexplained or functional somatic symptoms (FSS) are prevalent in primary care. In this pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial we aimed to test the effect of a training programme (The Extended Reattribution and Management model) for general practitioners (GPs) in the treatment of FSS. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; 38 participating GPs were randomised to the control group or the training group. The GPs included consecutive 18- to 65-year-old patients presenting during a 3-week period for new health complaints. We assessed a stratified subsample with the psychiatric interview Schedules of Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Of 701 patients interviewed, 350 fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for any ICD-10 somatoform disorder (SD) and 111 presented FSS without fulfilling these criteria (sub-threshold SD). Patients completed questionnaires at baseline and after 3, 12 and 24 months. The questionnaires included assessment of health status (36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short Form; SF-36), health anxiety (Whiteley-7) and physical symptoms (Symptom Check List-90, somatization subscale). &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Patients with SD consulting trained GPs improved more on our primary outcome of physical functioning than patients consulting control GPs at the 3-month follow-up (p = 0.004), but the improvement was not statistically significant at later follow-up. We found no significant differences in improvement between patients with SD and those with sub-threshold SD. Results for other SF-36 subscales, physical symptoms and health anxiety only showed statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups for patients with SD; patients consulting trained GPs had less improvement in vitality, health anxiety and physical symptoms at 24 months compared with the control group. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; GP training may accelerate improvement in physical functioning for patients with SD. However, the effect is small and may not be clinically significant.
Changes of Ventricular Impulse Formation during Carotid Pressure in Man
Authors: M. GOLBEY, C. P. LADOPULOS, F. H. ROTH, D. SCHERF
Journal: Circulation (1954)

No proof exists that carotid sinus pressure influences ectopic automatic ventricular impulse formation in man. Two patients are described who revealed during carotid pressure slowing of a ventricular parasystolic focus and a change of the area of impulse formation respectively.
Posttraumatic Transient Cerebral Blindness
Authors: Samuel H. Greenblatt
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Four of five patients with the benign syndrome of posttraumatic transient cerebral blindness were found to have migraine or seizure diatheses. All four were in the early adolescent age group (9 to 15 years old), and three had the typical variety of the syndrome that is seen in this group, with a delay of many minutes to hours between the trauma and the onset of the blindness. The association with migraine and seizures suggests that vasomotor and neuronal instability may be important factors in the pathogenesis of the syndrome.
Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases; A 20 Years Experience in a Tertiary University Hospital at Ramathibodi
Authors: O. Luecha, W. Kamchaisatian, S. Vilaiyuk, W. Manuyakorn, C. Sasisakunporn, W. Teawsomboonkit, S. Benjaponpitak
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Next-generation sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR for minimal residual disease detection in B-cell disorders
Authors: M Ladetto, M Brüggemann, L Monitillo, S Ferrero, F Pepin, D Drandi, D Barbero, A Palumbo, R Passera, M Boccadoro, M Ritgen, N Gökbuget, J Zheng, V Carlton, H Trautmann, M Faham, C Pott
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Cholangiographic Manifestations of Acute Biliary Colic
Authors: Francis J. Sullivan, S. Boyd Eaton, Joseph T. Ferrucci, Jack R. Dreyfuss, Robert W. Sloan, Elizabeth Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

RECENTLY, at this institution, a patient with choledocholithiasis experienced an episode of acute biliary colic while being studied by intravenous cholangiography. The resulting radiologic phenomena form the basis for this communication.Case ReportA 21-year-old woman was referred for intravenous cholangiography following several episodes of biliary colic. Thirty minutes after intravenous administration of iodipamide (Cholografin) 3 calculi were demonstrated within a common bile duct 12 mm in diameter (Fig. 1). Fifteen minutes later the patient experienced pain identical to her previous episodes. At 60 minutes repeat roentgenography revealed impaction of the distal-most calculus and dilatation of the common duct to . . .
Immune consequences of CT-guided radiation therapy of mouse mammary tumors
Authors: Michael J Gough, Kristina H Young, Benjamin L Cottam, Talicia Savage, Jason R Baird, David Friedman, Marka R Crittenden
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Transgenic tumor models provide the closest animal approximation of human cancer development and progression, and a challenging treatment model. The orthotopic location of these tumors presents challenges in testing radiation therapies because conventional radiation models using
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections within Families
Authors: Caroline Breese Hall, Joyce M. Geiman, Robert Biggar, David I. Kotok, Patricia M. Hogan, R. Gordon Douglas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

To examine intrafamily spread of respiratory syncytial virus infections and their associated illnesses, 36 families with 188 members were studied during an outbreak of such infections. Nurses visited every three to four days to obtain specimens for viral isolation and interview household members. The virus infected 44.4 per cent of families, and 21.9 per cent of all members. All age groups had appreciable attack rates (with a range of 16.8 per cent in adults to 29.4 per cent in infants). In infected families, 45.9 per cent of members became infected, including 10 of 16 infants. Secondary attack rate for all ages was 27 per cent, and that for infants 45.4 per cent. An infant's older sibling appeared most likely to introduce the virus into the family. Associated acute respiratory illnesses occurred in 94.9 per cent of cases, and appeared more severe than those not associated with respiratory syncytial virus. When the virus was introduced into a family the high attack rate produced an illness of age-related severity.
Systemic Chemotherapy for Advanced Bladder Cancer: Update and Controversies
Authors: Jorge A. Garcia, Robert Dreicer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Despite improvements in surgical techniques and outcomes, 5-year survival rates for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer remain suboptimal. Almost 50% of patients will eventually progress and develop systemic disease. Although various single agents have shown activity in patients with advanced or metastatic disease, randomized trials have demonstrated the utility of cisplatin-based combinations regimens. Despite relatively high objective response rates, the impact on survival in patients with advanced disease has been quite limited. Surgical resection in selected patients achieving significant objective response to cytotoxic therapy can contribute to long-term survival rates. The role of salvage therapy in advanced disease remains undefined. Evaluation of several active compounds has yielded unimpressive results with low objective response rates and overlapping CIs. Recognition that the maximum benefit from conventional cytotoxics has been achieved has led to the recent initiation of a number of clinical trials evaluating targeted agents in the management of advanced urothelial cancer.
Cardiac Physiology for the Clinician
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Cardiologists and practical physiology buffs with two or three evenings to spare will be delighted with this treatise that achieves what its preface proclaims: it offers current understanding of cardiac function by experts who have taken pains to simplify language while maintaining the scientific integrity of their subjects and presenting areas of significant controversy. Eight appropriately illustrated and well-referenced chapters cover, in only 238 pages, the remarkable achievements of recent years in cardiac function and control and include the therapeutic implications of topics like arrhythmias and the actions of digitalis. A brief selfassessment test and a good index complete the book. Dr Vassalle has succeeded in arranging the contributions to this book in a logical sequence that will gratify cover-to-cover readers. Yet, each chapter can stand on its own as a minimonograph that will reward spot reading, including quick reference to individual problems. The list of contributors is an indication