tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MILESTONES ON A DERMATOLOGICAL JOURNEY*
Authors: J. M. H. MacLEOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1949)

Journal Article MILESTONES ON A DERMATOLOGICAL JOURNEY Get access J. M. H. MacLEOD, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P J. M. H. MacLEOD, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 61, Issue 1, 1 January 1949, Page 1, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1949.tb11312.x Published: 01 January 1949
ID1 and ID3 Regulate the Self-Renewal Capacity of Human Colon Cancer-Initiating Cells through p21
Authors: Catherine A. O'Brien, Antonija Kreso, Paul Ryan, Karin G. Hermans, Lianne Gibson, Yadong Wang, Andrew Tsatsanis, Steven Gallinger, John E. Dick
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)

SummaryThere is increasing evidence that some cancers are hierarchically organized, sustained by a relatively rare population of cancer-initiating cells (C-ICs). Although the capacity to initiate tumors upon serial transplantation is a hallmark of all C-ICs, little is known about the genes that control this process. Here, we establish that ID1 and ID3 function together to govern colon cancer-initiating cell (CC-IC) self-renewal through cell-cycle restriction driven by the cell-cycle inhibitor p21. Regulation of p21 by ID1 and ID3 is a central mechanism preventing the accumulation of excess DNA damage and subsequent functional exhaustion of CC-ICs. Additionally, silencing of ID1 and ID3 increases sensitivity of CC-ICs to the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin, linking tumor initiation function with chemotherapy resistance.Highlights•ID1 and ID3 together govern the maintenance of colon cancer-initiating cells•ID1 and ID3 orchestrate their effect through the cell-cycle inhibitor, p21•ID1 and ID3 expression reduces sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic drug, oxaliplatin
Nephrotoxicity from Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: GARY M. DOSIK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Because systemic intravenous immunotherapy with Corynebacterium parvum is an effective immunopotentiating and immunotherapeutic agent in animals, clinical studies of this agent have been undertaken. Toxicities in man have been noted, but most are treated symptomatically. Three patients with metastatic melanoma developed oliguria, edema, diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, azotemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypocomplementemia, while receiving intravenous C. parvum therapy. All had renal biopsies that showed a proliferative glomerulonephritis with subendothelial basement membrane deposits. Immunofluorescence showed glomerular IgG, IgA, IgM, and the C3 component of complement. A fourth patient was found in retrospective chart review of 87 patients registered on two C. parvum-containing protocols. The frequency of the complication in this group was 3/87. Renal failure resolved in all four patients spontaneously after the cessation of C. parvum immunotherapy. Serial evaluation of renal function should be carried out in all patients on systemic adjuvant immunotherapy.
Thirty-kilodalton Tat-interacting protein suppresses tumor metastasis by inhibition of osteopontin transcription in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jian Zhao, Bin Lu, Hao Xu, Xin Tong, Guobin Wu, Xia Zhang, Anmin Liang, Wenming Cong, Jianxin Dai, Hao Wang, Mengchao Wu, Yajun Guo
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

It has been previously demonstrated that the 30-kDa Tat-interacting protein (TIP30) plays an important role in the suppression of hepatocarcinogenesis by acting as a tumor suppressor. Here we report that TIP30 suppresses metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through inhibiting the transcription of osteopontin (OPN), a key molecule in the development of tumor metastasis. The expression of TIP30 messenger RNA was reverse to that of OPN messenger RNA in HCC cell lines. Ectopic expression of TIP30 greatly suppressed OPN expression, inhibited invasion of HCC cells through extracellular matrix (ECM) and adhesion with fibronectin in vitro, whereas down-regulation of TIP30 by RNA-mediated interference enhanced OPN expression and promoted metastatic abilities of HCC cells in vitro. Moreover, overexpression of TIP30 significantly inhibited the growth and lung metastases of HCC cells in nude mice. In contrast, down-regulation of TIP30 greatly promoted tumor cell growth and metastases in vivo. TIP30 repressed OPN transcription through interaction with Ets-1 and suppressed the transcriptional activity of Ets-1 and synergistic actions of Ets-1 and alkaline phosphatase-1. Thus, TIP30 may act as an Ets-1 modulator and inhibit tumor metastasis through abrogating Ets-1–dependent transcription. Moreover, expression of TIP30 was inversely associated with OPN expression in HCC tissue samples as detected by immunohistochemistry assay. Conclusion: Our results reveal a novel pathway by which OPN and possibly other Ets-1 target genes involved in tumor metastasis are regulated by TIP30 and elucidate a mechanism for metastasis promoted by TIP30 deficiency. (HEPATOLOGY 2008.)
Oxygen equilibrium of hemoglobin E
Authors: H. Franklin Bunn, W. Delano Meriwether, Stanley P. Balcerzak, Donald L. Rucknagel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Oxygen equilibrium was determined on hemoglobin of individuals both heterozygous and homozygous for hemoglobin E. The whole blood oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve of AE blood was identical to that of normal AA blood. E hemoglobin, isolated by diethylaminoethyl Sephadex and carboxymethyl cellulose column chromatography, had oxygen affinity, heme-heme interaction, and Bohr effect identical to those of hemoglobin A prepared from the same column. Furthermore, the two hemoglobins had equal reactivity with 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Phosphate-free hemolysates of blood from E and A homozygotes also had identical oxygen saturation curves. These results do not confirm earlier reports that hemoglobin E has an abnormally low oxygen affinity.
Late diagnosis of paediatric HIV infection in south west London
Authors: M P Richardson, M Sharland
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Britain is lagging behind other European countries and some American states in detecting HIV positive pregnant women. 4Furthermore, even in locations such as ours, where current Department of Health recommendations are being implemented, uptake is disappointingly low.As a matter of urgency, multidisciplinary research needs to be directed towards discovering why pregnant women seem to feel that the social consequences of being identified as HIV positive outweigh the advantages of high quality management for mother and baby.In the meantime the Department of Health should strongly support the recommendations of the Intercollegiate Working Party for Enhancing Voluntary Confidential HIV Testing in Pregnancy, and consideration should be given to implementing an opt-out approach to HIV testing, as approved by the working party of the Institute of Medical Ethics in 1990. 5 thank colleagues involved in the European study on antenatal HIV testing-policies and procedures (EU grant SOC 95200587 05F202) for their help.Contributors: Each of the authors has been involved in the ongoing investigations of antenatal HIV testing at Guy's and St Thomas' Trust and participated in the design of the 1996 uptake study.TAD with the assistance of JK carried out that study, with statistical analysis being coordinated by CV and CDAW.ILC and JEB collated and analysed the 1991-6 uptake data.The paper was written jointly by ILC and
Mental Health Act and the code of practice.
Authors: L Sinclair
Journal: BMJ (1984)

SIR,-In the leading article on antibiotic resistance in Serratia marcescens we were surprised to find no mention of the usefulness of ceftazidime.This third generation cephalosporin is now accepted to be useful in the treatment of serious infections caused by Gram negative organisms, including S mar- cescens.1We have found S marcescens isolated from patients in this hospital to be universally sensitive to ceftazidime, with no emergence of resistance to this agent, either during treat- ment or in subsequent isolates.Indeed, two patients who received two seven day courses of ceftazidime with apparent success had undergone renal transplantation.The urine of these patients remained sterile for periods ranging from four weeks to four months.It is also of interest that we have been unable to show the faecal carriage of S marcescens in these patients and to note that they had both received prior aminoglycoside treatment and that the organisms had subsequently become resistant to these agents.Our experience, that S marcescens remains sensitive to ceftazidime after its use, differs from that of others (3 December, p 1701)2 but this may be a reflection of other variables, such as use of antibiotics, which may affect the way in which resistant organisms emerge.
The Y-Linked Testis Determining Gene and H-Y Plasma Membrane Antigen Gene: Are They One and the Same?*
Authors: SUSUMU OHNO
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1985)

RECENTLY the validity of serological assays for H-Y antigen has been seriously challenged to the extent that the wealth of information accumulated on diverse clinical materials of interest might be in danger of becoming obsolete. On the 10th anniversary of the proposal that assigned the testis organizing function, therefore the role of being the primary sex determiner, to the male-specific plasma membrane antigen of mammals I have reexamined the proposal itself as well as various evidences presented since then, pro and con. As a result, it was concluded that what is in jeopardy at the moment is H-Y serology that attracted too many practitioners. The proposal itself is sound and well, for the testis-determining gene (Tdy) and H-Y antigen gene (Hy) contained in the same minute Sxr segment of the Y-chromosome in the case of mice may yet be one and the same. No crucial evidence exists that establishes the separate entities of the above two.
Correlation of IL-18, TARC, LTB4 and LTC4D4E4 and Lung Function in Childhood Asthma
Authors: R.Y.T. Sung, Y.O. Wong, C.K. Wong, T.F. Leung, A.M. Li, K.L. Cheung, K.P. Fung, P.C. Leung, T.F. Fok, P.C. Ng
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Knowledge, attitudes and use of the guidelines for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis among Dutch dermatologists
Authors: M. Wakkee, M. Lugtenberg, P.I. Spuls, E.M. de Jong, H.B. Thio, G.P. Westert, T. Nijsten
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Background In 2003, the Dutch psoriasis guidelines were among the first evidence‐based medicine guidelines in dermatology. Although pivotal, the implementation of dermatological guidelines has not been assessed. Objectives To evaluate various aspects that affect implementation of clinical guidelines such as knowledge, attitudes and practices among dermatologists. Methods A cross‐sectional anonymous postal survey was conducted among all Dutch dermatologists. In addition to questions about knowledge and practices, 24 items assessed guidelines attitudes. Factor analysis was applied to merge these items into attitudinal scales and multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors for these scales. Results Of the 353 dermatologists, 161 (46%) completed the questionnaire. Almost all respondents were aware of the guidelines and 60% reported to have a decent knowledge of their content. Factor analysis retained 22 items divided into three scales: usefulness and content, barriers, and reliability. Apart from some disagreement on the user‐friendliness and communication facilitating properties, the dermatologists’ attitudes were generally positive. A larger volume of patients with psoriasis was associated with more frequent use of the guidelines [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2·42; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·02–5·72]. Good familiarity predicted a more positive attitude towards the guidelines’ usefulness and content (P <0·001), perceived barriers (P <0·001), and more frequent use in practice (adjusted OR = 8·38; 95% CI 3·08–22·81). Conclusions Dutch dermatologists seem to know and appreciate their psoriasis guidelines and use them more often when they have a larger psoriasis population. Enhancing the familiarity of the guidelines among users may result in a more positive attitude towards them and a higher frequency of use.
RENAL FUNCTION IN THE SEPARATE KIDNEYS OF MAN. I. HEMODYNAMICS AND EXCRETION OF SOLUTE AND WATER IN NORMAL SUBJECTS *
Authors: William H. Hulet, David S. Baldwin, Albert W. Biggs, Ervin A. Gombos, Herbert Chasis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

We are presenting here an evaluation of the functional capacity of the separate kidneys in sub- jects without cardiovascular renal disease, as back- ground for a similar study of patients with essential hypertension (1). METHODSObservations have been made in 17 normotensive sub- jects selected from the wards of the Third (New York University) Medical Division of Bellevue Hospital.In- cluded in this report are observations made on 4 addi- tional subjects reported in a previous communication (2).The total group comprises 19 female and 2 male sub- jects between the ages of 20 and 68 years.All subjects were maintained on the regular hospital diet.Fluids were withheld for 15 hours and the test was performed in the morning on the fasting patients.After local anesthesia with 2 per cent metycaine, cystoscopy and ureteral catheterization were performed, employing Pederson multi-eyed ureteral catheters in- serted to a distance of 12 to 16 cm.Large diameter ca- theters (no. 8through no.6 Fr.) were utilized to mini- mize leakage.1 A soft rubber catheter was placed in the bladder to detect leakage around the ureteral catheters.In none of the observations reported here did meas- urable leakage occur.If leakage does occur, analysis of bladder urine permits partition between the right and left kidneys if the concentrations of the test substances are
The Hypoglycemic Effect of Sulfonylurea in Diabetics with Diminished Insulin Secretion.
Authors: Herbert Gershberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970The Hypoglycemic Effect of Sulfonylurea in Diabetics with Diminished Insulin Secretion.Herbert Gershberg, M.D., F.A.C.P., Arthur Hecht, M.D., F.A.C.P., Mildred Hulse, M.A.Herbert Gershberg, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Arthur Hecht, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Mildred Hulse, M.A.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-787_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSulfonylureas are believed to act by stimulating insulin secretion and are presumably ineffective in more severe diabetics. We investigated insulin levels in response to intravenous glucose before and after treatment with chlorpropamide in maturity-onset diabetics with fasting blood glucose levels of from 74 to 420 mg/100 ml. The hypoglycemic effect of chlorpropamide was greater in those with higher initial fasting blood glucose. After 1 week's treatment the fasting blood glucose decreased an average of 52 mg/100 ml or 23% in those with initial values above 130 mg/100 ml, and 17 mg/100 ml or 14% in those below this level. The... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 787-787KeywordsBloodGlucoseHypoglycemicsInsulinInsulin secretion Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Dobson criticises GMC
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1998)

How the Bristol case examining the circumstances of the deaths of 29 babies and young children who underwent heart surgery impinges on the regulation of the medical profession soon became clear when Mr Dobson's criticism of the General Medical Council was openly challenged by the Royal College of Surgeons, but supported by the bereaved parents and by MPs who want state regulation.

At issue is the independence of the GMC from the threat of government interference and the statutory right of the profession to self regulation. The college's president, Sir Rodney Sweetnam, forecast “quite considerable repercussions” for the college.

The origin of the conflict with Mr Dobson, the …
POSITIVE IMPROVEMENT IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS IN THE ABSENCE OF RECURRENCE FOLLOWING CATHETER ABLATION
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Prasant Mohanty, Luigi Di Biase, Rong Bai, Pasquale Santangeli, Agnes Pump, David Burkhardt, G. Gallinghouse, Rodney Horton, Javier Sanchez, Shane Bailey, Jason Zagrodzky, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Thomas Henry Learmont Bryson
Authors: J. Bryson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Thomas Henry Learmont Bryson (“Tom”) qualified from Glasgow University in 1953. On the first day of house jobs, at the Western Infirmary Glasgow, he went to theatre to assist and was told “to get the patient under”: he was to be the anaesthetist. This, together with his time on national service in the Royal Army Medical Corps, in Uganda, kindled a lifelong interest in giving, teaching, and improving anaesthetics.

After anaesthetic training in Liverpool, he was appointed consultant anaesthetist to the Uganda Government between 1962 and 1964. It was there that he met Professor Philip Bromage, from Canada, who introduced him to epidurals and furthered his interest in obstetric anaesthesia. …
PD-1 expression defines two distinct T-cell sub-populations in follicular lymphoma that differentially impact patient survival
Authors: Z -Z Yang, D M Grote, S C Ziesmer, B Xiu, A J Novak, S M Ansell
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

To determine the biological and clinical relevance of programmed death 1 (PD-1) in follicular lymphoma (FL), we characterized PD-1(+) T-cell subsets and assessed their biological function as well as potential clinical impact. We found that PD-1 is expressed on intratumoral CD4(+) T cells with both bright and dim intensity, representing two different sub-populations of cells. By immunohistochemistry, we found that CD4(+)PD-1(high) T cells predominantly reside in the lymph node follicles, while PD-1(low) T cells are mainly located in an interfollicular pattern. Intratumoral CD4(+)PD-1(high) T cells have a TFH cell phenotype, express CXCR5, secrete IL-21 and are BCL-6 positive with no TIM-3 expression. In contrast, CD4(+)PD-1(low) T cells have an exhausted phenotype, express TIM-3 and do not express BCL-6 and CXCR5. Functionally, CD4(+)PD-1(high) T cells actively supported B-cell growth, while CD4(+)PD-1(low) T cells displayed a reduced cytokine production and cell-signal transduction. Clinically, we observed that the numbers of CD4(+) or CD8(+)PD-1(low) T cells significantly correlate with a reduced overall survival in FL patients (P=0.007 and 0.04 respectively; n=32). In contrast, the number of CD4(+)PD-1(high) T cells was not associated with patient outcome. Taken together, these results indicated that PD-1 expression defines two sub-populations with distinct functions that differentially impact patient outcome in FL.
Is the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome Useful for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease in Asian Diabetic Patients?
Authors: Hirohito Sone, Sachiko Mizuno, Hitomi Fujii, Yukio Yoshimura, Yoshimitsu Yamasaki, Shun Ishibashi, Shigehiro Katayama, Yasushi Saito, Hideki Ito, Yasuo Ohashi, Yasuo Akanuma, Nobuhiro Yamada
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

OBJECTIVE—The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is believed to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although its prevalence is extremely high among diabetic patients, its prevalence in those with no history of CVD has not been determined. Moreover, prospective studies published on the association between MetS and cardiovascular events in diabetic populations have used only the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of MetS and included only white European subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MetS, as defined by both the WHO and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), and its predictive value for CVD in Asian diabetic patients in a long-term, prospective setting. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The baseline characteristics and incidence/hazard ratio of cardiovascular events (coronary heart disease and stroke) were determined in 1,424 Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with and without MetS, as defined by WHO (WHO-MetS) or the NCEP. RESULTS—A high prevalence (38–53%, depending on sex and definition) of MetS was found among diabetic patients, even those with no history of CVD. During the 8-year study period, only WHO-MetS was a predictor for CVD in female patients. In male patients, although both definitions of MetS were significant predictors for CVD, individual components of MetS, such as hyperlipidemia or hypertension, were equivalent or better predictors. CONCLUSIONS—We found that MetS is relatively common in diabetic patients with no history of CVD. We suggest that the commonly used definitions of MetS, at least in their present forms, have limited clinical usefulness for Asian diabetic patients and may need some ethnic group−specific modifications for global use.
I dread not death but dying
Authors: B. Allt
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The aims of the present study were: 1) to define the prognostic significance of the<b> CTS</b> in stages IIB and IIIB cervical cancer and its impact on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates; 2) to propose a new FIGO Staging System for CC based on this evidence. <h3>Methods</h3> <b>R</b>etrospective study including 450 pts. between 1/2007 to 9/2011 FIGO stages IIB (229 pts.) and IIIB (221 pts.) cervical cancer (cc) . MRI was added to mesure the CTS. It was stratified in <b>≤</b><b>-3.99 cm, 4–5.99 cm, 6–7.99 cm &amp; &gt;8 cm.</b> The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) related to tumor size.were analyzed . <h3>Results</h3> The median age were 45 &amp; 49 years old for stages IIB &amp; IIIB groups. Median Follow up: 45 months. The DFS &amp; OS rates were: stage IIb,58.5% &amp; 64%; and 40% and 43% for the IIIb,respectively The DSF and OS rates were 65,1% and 71,5% in CTS between 4- 5.99cm, vs 27,7% and 36.6% for CTS &gt;6 cm (p&lt;0,001) in stages IIb. In the stage IIIB ones, DSF and OS rates were 58,3 &amp; 57% in CTS between 4–5.99 cm Vs 25% &amp; 28.5%,, with CTS &gt;6 cm (p&lt;0.001). These results were independent of histological type and treatment received. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with CTS &gt;6 cm ihad a worse prognosis. These FIGO Stages could be modified into IIb1 &amp; IIb2; and IIIb1 &amp; IIIb2, with a 6m cut off. It is needed a personalized treatment strategy for those cases.
Do you see what I see?
Authors: A. J J Garner
Journal: BMJ (2009)

I lost my right eye in 1949—or rather it was enucleated on the advice of an eminent eye surgeon to prevent my developing sympathetic ophthalmoplegia in the other eye. To my parents, my losing an eye was a total disaster, but to me it has been rather fun and without doubt a positive factor in my development. My parents brought me up to accept that I was “different” but “special” different. I must have had some difficulties with depth perception but …
The Illness as the Focus of Geriatric Medicine
Authors: Mark E. Williams, Nortin M. Hadler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The quest to define the disease responsible for a patient's distress is important when the disease is acute or potentially remediable or both. Almost by definition, this search is not a dominant issue in the management of many chronic conditions, such as heart failure or chronic arthritides. Nonetheless, the clinical algorithm that mandates the initial "ruling out" of the remediable disease permeates clinical teaching and practice. How critical is it to determine precisely the nature of the underlying disease when one is helping an elderly person cope with illness? Three arguments that favor such precise determination are particularly compelling: the . . .