tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Investing in Evidence-Based Care for the Severely Mentally Ill
Authors: Mark Olfson, Harold A. Pincus, Herbert Pardes
Journal: JAMA (2013)

When the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is fully implemented in 2019, it will have extended health insurance to nearly 4 million previously uninsured people with severe mental disorders.1 This expansion in health insurance, the largest in a generation, is arriving at a time when the nation's capacity to deliver mental health care is already under considerable strain; the number of individuals with unmet mental health service needs nearly doubled between 1997 and 2010.2 Implementation of the ACA will compound demands on the mental health management skills of primary care physicians and force more sparing and efficient use of mental health specialists. To meet the mental health care needs of newly insured individuals, health policy makers and clinicians need to leverage opportunities within the ACA to increase availability of well-established, but currently underutilized, evidence-based treatments for serious mental illnesses. Opportunities exist to extend the use of evidence-based interventions across a range of psychiatric disorders from the management of depression and anxiety disorders by primary care physicians to the care of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia by mental health specialists.
Proteolysis of von Willebrand Factor and Shear Stress–Induced Platelet Aggregation in Patients With Aortic Valve Stenosis
Authors: F. I. Pareti, A. Lattuada, C. Bressi, M. Zanobini, A. Sala, A. Steffan, Z. M. Ruggeri
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Excessive bleeding may complicate congenital cardiac defects. To explain the pathogenesis of this abnormality, we evaluated selected parameters of primary hemostasis in patients with aortic valve stenosis before and after corrective surgery. Methods and Results —We examined shear-induced platelet aggregation with the filter aggregometer test and von Willebrand factor (vWF) structure by evaluating the multimeric distribution and extent of subunit proteolysis. The platelet count was reduced before corrective surgery, and shear-induced platelet aggregation was impaired. Moreover, vWF multimers of higher molecular mass were decreased, and proteolytic subunit fragments were increased. After correction of the cardiac defect, all of these parameters returned to normal. Conclusions —Alterations of vWF and platelet function may contribute to the bleeding diathesis in patients with aortic valve stenosis. Improvement after corrective surgery suggests that the passage of blood through a stenosed aortic valve may result in shear forces that induce vWF interaction with platelets in the circulation and, in turn, trigger platelet clearance, vWF degradation, and the impairment of primary hemostasis.
Firearm-Related Injury and Death in the United States: A Call to Action From 8 Health Professional Organizations and the American Bar Association
Authors: Steven E. Weinberger, David B. Hoyt, Hal C. Lawrence, Saul Levin, Douglas E. Henley, Errol R. Alden, Dean Wilkerson, Georges C. Benjamin, William C. Hubbard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Deaths and injuries related to firearms constitute a major public health problem in the United States. In response to firearm violence and other firearm-related injuries and deaths, an interdisciplinary, interprofessional group of leaders of 8 national health professional organizations and the American Bar Association, representing the official policy positions of their organizations, advocate a series of measures aimed at reducing the health and public health consequences of firearms. The specific recommendations include universal background checks of gun purchasers, elimination of physician "gag laws," restricting the manufacture and sale of military-style assault weapons and large-capacity magazines for civilian use, and research to support strategies for reducing firearm-related injuries and deaths. The health professional organizations also advocate for improved access to mental health services and avoidance of stigmatization of persons with mental and substance use disorders through blanket reporting laws. The American Bar Association, acting through its Standing Committee on Gun Violence, confirms that none of these recommendations conflict with the Second Amendment or previous rulings of the U.S. Supreme Court.
Postsymptomatic restoration of SMN rescues the disease phenotype in a mouse model of severe spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Cathleen M. Lutz, Shingo Kariya, Sunita Patruni, Melissa A. Osborne, Don Liu, Christopher E. Henderson, Darrick K. Li, Livio Pellizzoni, José Rojas, David M. Valenzuela, Andrew J. Murphy, Margaret L. Winberg, Umrao R. Monani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common neuromuscular disorder in humans. In fact, it is the most frequently inherited cause of infant mortality, being the result of mutations in the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene that reduce levels of SMN protein. Restoring levels of SMN protein in individuals with SMA is perceived to be a viable therapeutic option, but the efficacy of such a strategy once symptoms are apparent has not been determined. We have generated mice harboring an inducible Smn rescue allele and used them in a model of SMA to investigate the effects of turning on SMN expression at different time points during the course of the disease. Restoring SMN protein even after disease onset was sufficient to reverse neuromuscular pathology and effect robust rescue of the SMA phenotype. Importantly, our findings also indicated that there was a therapeutic window of opportunity from P4 through P8 defined by the extent of neuromuscular synapse pathology and the ability of motor neurons to respond to SMN induction, following which restoration of the protein to the organism failed to produce therapeutic benefit. Nevertheless, our results suggest that even in severe SMA, timely reinstatement of the SMN protein may halt the progression of the disease and serve as an effective postsymptomatic treatment.
Abstract 2006: Better Outcome After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Using Percutaneous Emergency Circulatory Support in Non-Coronary Patients Compared to Myocardial Infarctions
Authors: Markus Ferrari, Katharina Ferrari-Kuehne, Anna M Hutschenreuter, Markus Schlosser, Ulrich F Franke, Ruediger Pfeifer, Jan Gummert, Hans R Figulla
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Perioperative management of and recommendations for antithrombotic medications in dermatological surgery
Authors: I. Palamaras, K. Semkova
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

With the ever-increasing number of patients on anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications presenting for a dermatological surgical procedure, dermatological surgeons are facing the challenge of managing these drugs in order to balance the bleeding complications against the risk of thromboembolic events. The difficulty arises from the scarce available recommendations, the data in the literature that is in part contradictory and the rate of emergence of newer agents that have not been thoroughly studied and widely used. Although the common approach in the past was to stop any antithrombotic medications, including warfarin and aspirin, several days prior to cutaneous surgery, recent data suggest that this practice should be changed as the relatively low risk of bleeding does not justify the life-threatening nature of a likely thrombosis. For patients on warfarin, surgery should be avoided if the international normalized ratio is > 3·5; aspirin should not be stopped prior to dermatological surgery and in most other circumstances patients taking long-term antithrombotic medication should not stop this prior to dermatological surgery. In more complicated cases liaison with the prescriber is indispensable even when the therapy should be discontinued for a short period of time. This review studies the available data and presents the dermatological surgeon with up-to-date information about all studies concerning the old and new antithrombotic agents in the setting of dermatological surgery procedures. Our aim is to propose our recommendations based on the most recent evidence and our experience and provide a comprehensive approach to the dermatological surgeon without excluding the need for individual assessment of each case.
In vivo human carboxylesterase cDNA gene transfer to activate the prodrug CPT-11 for local treatment of solid tumors.
Authors: A Kojima, N R Hackett, A Ohwada, R G Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

To evaluate the concept that in vivo transfer of the human carboxylesterase gene will confer sensitivity of a solid tumor to the prodrug CPT-11 (irinotecan), we constructed an adenovirus vector (AdCMV.CE) carrying the human carboxylesterase gene driven by the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, infected A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo, and evaluated cell growth over time. AdCMV.CE produced a functional carboxylesterase protein in A549 cells in vitro and in vivo as evidenced by ability of lysates from the infected cells to convert CPT-11 to its active metabolite SN-38. The AdCMV.CE vector effectively suppressed A549 cell growth in vitro in the presence of CPT-11. Cell mixing studies demonstrated that when as few as 10% of cells expressed the human carboxylesterase gene, there was bystander growth suppression in the presence of CPT-11. Consistent with these in vitro observations, when AdCMV.CE was directly injected into established subcutaneous A549 tumors in nude mice receiving CPT-11, there was 35% reduction in tumor size at day 27 compared to controls, and a 41% reduction at day 34 (P < 0.01, both comparisons to controls). Similar observations were made with the cell line H157 and HeLa. These observations suggest that local gene transfer of the human carboxylesterase gene and concomitant local administration of CPT-11 may have potential as a strategy for control of the growth of solid tumors.
Recognition of Lipopeptide Patterns by Toll-like Receptor 2-Toll-like Receptor 6 Heterodimer
Authors: Jin Young Kang, Xuehua Nan, Mi Sun Jin, Suk-Jun Youn, Young Hee Ryu, Shinjee Mah, Seung Hyun Han, Hayyoung Lee, Sang-Gi Paik, Jie-Oh Lee
Journal: Immunity (2009)
Demonstration of the high‐affinity IgE receptor (Fc<sub>ɛ</sub>RI) on Langerhans' cells of diseased nasal mucosa
Authors: N. Haas, K. Hamann, J. Grabbe, J. Niehus, G. Kunkel, G. Kolde, B. M. Czarnetzki
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Haas N, Hamann K, Grabbe J, Niehus J, Kunkel G, Kolde G, Czarnetzki M. Demonstration of the high‐affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRI) on Langerhans' cells of diseased nasal mucosa. Langerhans' cells in the skin have recently been shown to bind IgE molecules via the high‐affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRI). Using two highly specific antibodies against the antibody‐binding α‐chain of this receptor, 29C6 and 6F7, we demonstrate by immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy that Langerhans' cells of diseased nasal mucosa can express the FcɛRI. Tissue sections from hyperplastic nasal conchae and nasal polyps of atopic and nonatopic patients have shown no basic differences in epithelial FcɛRII‐bearing cells. Only a few cells expressed the low‐affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRII) (Tül antibody) in some sections. These findings suggest that Langerhans' cells play an important role in the induction of transepithelial IgE‐mediated allergy and in the mediation of inflammation of the nasal mucosa via their FcɛRI.
A Comparative Study of “Small” and “Large” Field-of-View Cameras for Bone Scanning
Authors: DILLU ASHBY, PAMELA Di PAOLA, PAUL B. HOFFER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

Twenty-eight patients had bone scans using 15 mCi 99m Tc-pyrophosphate performed on both a 10-inch field-of-view camera with moving table and a 15-inch field-of-view camera with moving table. Average count rate was about two-and-one-half times greater with the 15-inch camera than with the 10-inch camera. Limitations in the LFOV images included slightly poorer resolution and a potentially annoying midline field match artifact over the spine.
Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Rupture
Authors: EMILIO R. GIULIANI, GORDON K. DANIELSON, JAMES R. PLUTH, NORMAN A. ODYNIEC, ROBERT B. WALLACE
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Twenty-two patients had ventricular septal rupture complicating acute myocardial infarction. Sixteen of the 22 patients underwent surgical repair. The clinical findings, catheterization data, and operative results suggest that closure of the rupture should be delayed when possible from three to six weeks after the infarction to allow firm fibrous healing of the region. When surgery is thus delayed, the operative risks are smaller and the long-term results are good.
Randomized Trial Comparing Same-Day Discharge With Overnight Hospital Stay After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Gerlind S. Heyde, Karel T. Koch, Robbert J. de Winter, Marcel G.W. Dijkgraaf, Margriet I. Klees, Lea M. Dijksman, Jan J. Piek, Jan G.P. Tijssen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a day-case setting might reduce logistic constraints on hospital resources, but data on safety are limited. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of same-day discharge after PCI.Eight hundred consecutive patients scheduled for elective PCI by femoral approach were randomized to same-day discharge or overnight hospital stay. Four hours after PCI, patients were triaged as suitable for early discharge or not. Suitable patients were discharged immediately or kept overnight, according to randomization. Patients with an indication for extended hospital stay were not discharged regardless of randomization. Primary end points were death, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, repeat PCI, or puncture-related complications occurring within 24 hours after PCI. A total of 403 patients were assigned to same-day discharge, of whom 77 (19%) were identified for extended observation; 397 patients were assigned to overnight stay, of whom 85 (21%) were identified for extended observation. Among all patients, the composite primary end point occurred in 9 (2.2%) same-day discharge patients and in 17 (4.2%) overnight stay patients (risk difference, -0.020; 95% CI, -0.045 to -0.004; P for noninferiority <0.0001). Among patients deemed suitable for early discharge, the composite end point occurred in 1 of 326 (0.3%) same-day discharge patients and 2 of 312 (0.6%) overnight-stay patients (risk difference, -0.003; 95% CI, -0.014 to 0.007; P for noninferiority <0.0001). The last 3 events were related to puncture site.Same-day discharge after elective PCI is feasible and safe in the majority (80%) of patients selected for day-case PCI. Same-day discharge does not lead to additional complications compared with overnight stay.
A SIMPLE STERILIZER FOR EMERGENCY AND COUNTRY WORK.
Authors: EDWARD S. STEVENS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

It is one thing to prepare for operative work with the modern pressure sterilizer and other conveniences of the hospital; it is quite another thing to prepare for the same work in a private home, perhaps on a farm at a distance from the operator's office. The device offered is purposely presented in a crude form to show what may be done under such circumstances when the element of time is important. An instrument maker could give us a more sightly instrument. All that is required is a piece of No. 9 or 10 wire, a sheet of wire netting, four cords for suspension and an equal number of metal hooks. In this case poultry netting was used, the cords were wire picture-cord, and the hooks were ordinary picture hooks. But any strong cord will answer and a hook may be speedily fashioned from sheet tin or iron. The wire
Coronary Events in World Leaders
Authors: J. Willis Hurst
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Editorials20 February 2001Coronary Events in World LeadersJ. Willis Hurst, MDJ. Willis Hurst, MDDr. Hurst: Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA 30322Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-4-200102200-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It is not possible to implement a scientific study of cardiovascular disease in world leaders, but this should not deter investigators from analyzing the available data. In this issue, Girardi and colleagues (1) have done that in a scholarly fashion, and their findings and discussion are of great interest. From my perspective, I wish to make the following points.I was chief of cardiology at the Bethesda Naval Hospital in Washington, D.C., when Lyndon B. Johnson, majority leader of the U.S. Senate at that time, had a heart attack on 2 July 1955. Accordingly, it was my responsibility and privilege ...References1. Girardi AM, Pyenson LR, Morris J, Brickfield FX. Impact of coronary heart disease on world leaders. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:287-90. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Lloyd-Jones DM, Larson MG, Beiser A, Levy D. Lifetime risk of developing coronary heart disease. Lancet. 1999;353:89-92. [PMID: 0010023892] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Link AS, Toole JF. Presidential disability and the twenty-fifth amendment. JAMA. 1994;272:1694-7. [PMID: 0007966898] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Toole JF, Link AS, Smith JH. Disability in US presidents report. Recommendations and commentaries by the Working Group. The Working Group on Presidential Disability. Arch Neurol. 1997;54:1256-64. [PMID: 0009341572] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Dr. Hurst: Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA 30322Corresponding Author:J. Willis Hurst, MD, 1462 Clifton Road, NE, Suite 301, Atlanta, GA 30322. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoImpact of Coronary Heart Disease on World Leaders Alyce M. Girardi , Leslie R. Pyenson , Jon Morris , and Francis X. Brickfield Impact of Coronary Heart Disease on World Leaders Tsung O. Cheng Metrics Cited ByImpact of Coronary Heart Disease on World LeadersTsung O. Cheng, MD 20 February 2001Volume 134, Issue 4Page: 338-339KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesDisabilitiesGastroenterology and hepatologyHealth careHeartKidneysMyocardial infarctionScarsStable coronary artery diseaseSurgery ePublished: 20 February 2001 Issue Published: 20 February 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
BMA meeting: Health secretary calls on doctors to become "service leaders"
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Doctors must become leaders in transforming the NHS, the health secretary Andrew Lansley told the BMA Annual Representative Meeting in Brighton.

Some feared, he said, that his plans for GP commissioning would turn them into managers. That was not his intention. “The question is, who leads?” he said. “What I’m looking for from you is to turn doctors into leaders. You already show clinical leadership—I want that to become service leadership.”

That would be achieved by resetting the priorities of the service. Instead of top down process targets, he called for the collaboration of the profession in creating a new, quality based outcomes framework that could shape the way care was delivered. 

“When I speak to doctors you often say you are intensely frustrated by the way the system works—how your judgments and activities are restricted by the rigidity of the system, and how your clinical priorities have been distorted by narrow process targets,” he said. “The opportunity now is to set up quality measures that enable you to do it better.”

He gave as an example …
Abstract B74: Elafin drives poor outcome in high-grade serous ovarian cancers and basal-like breast tumors
Authors: Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Adam Clauss, Vivian Ng, Sekhar Duraisamy, Kevin M. Elias, Erhan Bilal, Rachel A. Davidowitz, Yiling Lu, Gayane Badalian-Very, Hui-Ying Piao, Un-Beom Kang, Scott Ficarro, Shridar Ganesan, Gordon B. Mills, Jarrod Marto, Ronny Drapkin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) share many features including TP53 mutations, genomic instability and poor prognosis. We recently reported that Elafin is overexpressed by HGSOC and is associated with poor overall survival. Here, we confirmed that Elafin overexpression is associated with shorter survival in 1000 HGSOC patients. Elafin confers a proliferative advantage to tumor cells through activation of the MAP kinase pathway. This mitogenic effect can be neutralized by RNA interference, specific antibodies, and a MEK inhibitor. Elafin expression in patient-derived samples was also associated with chemoresistance and strongly correlates with bcl-xL expression. We translated these findings into examination of 1100 primary breast tumors and 6 breast cancer cell lines. We observed that Elafin is overexpressed and secreted specifically by BLBC tumors and cell lines, leading to a similar mitogenic effect through activation of the MAP kinase pathway. Here too, Elafin overexpression is associated with shorter overall survival, suggesting that it may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target in this setting. Citation Format: Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Adam Clauss, Vivian Ng, Sekhar Duraisamy, Kevin M. Elias, Erhan Bilal, Rachel A. Davidowitz, Yiling Lu, Gayane Badalian-Very, Hui-Ying Piao, Un-Beom Kang, Scott Ficarro, Shridar Ganesan, Gordon B. Mills, Jarrod Marto, Ronny Drapkin. Elafin drives poor outcome in high-grade serous ovarian cancers and basal-like breast tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B74.
Cholesterol and risk of stroke: The Japanese comparison
Authors: Malcolm E Kendrick
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Yet again, a potential relation between low cholesterol concentrations and haemorrhagic stroke is dismissed.1 Yet again, a causal relation between high cholesterol concentrations, ischaemic stroke, and coronary heart disease is (apparently) confirmed.

Yet data from Japan directly contradicts Ebrahim et al's conclusions. From 1958 to …
Rosiglitazone improves insulin sensitivity in nonobese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance: the role of adiponectin and C-reactive protein
Authors: Yi-Jen Hung, Shih-Hua Lin, Dee Pei, Shi-Wen Kuo, Chang-Hsun Hsieh, Chih-Tsueng He, Chien Hsing Lee, Sandra Chyi Fan, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
Journal: Metabolism (2006)
National Cancer Institute's Evaluation of Unconventional Cancer Treatments
Authors: M. J. Hawkins, M. A. Friedman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Unconventional cancer treatments are associated with considerable controversy. Opponents cite the unsubstantiated claims of proponents, which entice the desperate to try the treatment—regardless of the physical, emotional, and financial expense it may entail. Proponents perceive discrimination when their grant proposals fare poorly in peer review and feel persecuted when regulatory agencies investigate them.
THE ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS OF THE PROTEIN-POLYSACCHARIDES OF CARTILAGE
Authors: John Sandson, Lawrence Rosenberg, David White
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

1. Protein-polysaccharides isolated from bovine, human, and porcine cartilage are antigenic in the rabbit. 2. PP-L from each of these species contains a minimum of two antigenic determinants; one is species specific, and one is common to all three species. Human PP-H also contains these two determinants. 3. Both antigenic determinants are in, or closely associated with, the protein moiety of the compound. Chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate were not demonstrated to be antigenic in these studies.