tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A genetic map of mouse chromosome 12 composed of polymorphic DNA fragments.
Authors: P D'Eustachio
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

Mouse chromosome 12 encodes the heavy chains of immunoglobulins (Igh), a family of T cell surface molecules, and a tumor antigen that may be homologous to immunoglobulins. To refine and extend the genetic map of this chromosome, a procedure has been developed to isolate chromosome 12-specific DNA fragments from a somatic cell hybrid carrying the chromosome on a Chinese hamster background. Five fragments have been isolated and characterized in detail. All are polymorphic, defining loci D12-1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Using recombinant inbred mouse strains, a tentative linkage map of chromosome 12 has been worked out that incorporates these markers, the c-fos oncogene, Igh, and Pre-1/alpha 1 antitrypsin. This strategy should be applicable to any mouse chromosome or chromosomal region that can be isolated in a somatic cell hybrid.
Magnetic resonance elastography predicts advanced fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective study
Authors: Rohit Loomba, Tanya Wolfson, Brandon Ang, Jonathan Hooker, Cynthia Behling, Michael Peterson, Mark Valasek, Grace Lin, David Brenner, Anthony Gamst, Richard Ehman, Claude Sirlin
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Retrospective studies have shown that two-dimensional magnetic resonance elastography (2D-MRE), a novel MR method for assessment of liver stiffness, correlates with advanced fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Prospective data on diagnostic accuracy of 2D-MRE in the detection of advanced fibrosis in NAFLD are needed. The aim of this study is to prospectively assess the diagnostic accuracy of 2D-MRE, a noninvasive imaging biomarker, in predicting advanced fibrosis (stage 3 or 4) in well-characterized patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. This is a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective study including 117 consecutive patients (56% women) with biopsy-proven NAFLD who underwent a standardized research visit: history, exam, liver biopsy assessment (using the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network histological scoring system), and 2D-MRE from 2011 to 2013. The radiologist and pathologist were blinded to clinical and pathology/imaging data, respectively. Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) were examined to assess the diagnostic test performance of 2D-MRE in predicting advanced fibrosis. The mean (± standard deviation) of age and body mass index was 50.1 (± 13.4) years and 32.4 (± 5.0) kg/m(2), respectively. The median time interval between biopsy and 2D-MRE was 45 days (interquartile range: 50 days). The number of patients with fibrosis stages 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 43, 39, 13, 12, and 10, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for 2D-MRE discriminating advanced fibrosis (stage 3-4) from stage 0-2 fibrosis was 0.924 (P < 0.0001). A threshold of >3.63 kPa had a sensitivity of 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.97), specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.83-0.96), positive predictive value of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.48-0.84), and negative predictive value of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.91-0.99).MRE is accurate in predicting advanced fibrosis and may be utilized for noninvasive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Circulating immune complexes in tuberculosis.
Authors: N M Johnson, M W McNicol, E J Burton-Kee, J F Mowbray
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Using a polyethylene glycol precipitation method, immune complexes were detected in 56% of patients with active tuberculosis. After antituberculous treatment, 29% remained positive for immune complexes, a frequency similar to that in a group of racially matched clinic controls (35%). In a study of 17 patients whose immune complex levels were determined soon after diagnosis and again when the therapy had ceased, there was a significant decrease in complexed IgM and Clq. Sequential studies of immune complex levels in tuberculosis merit further investigation, their persistence may indicate the continued presence of antigens, and their disappearance from the circulation may be a guide to successful treatment.
B-cell-activating factor receptor expression on naive and memory B cells: relationship with relapse in patients with rheumatoid arthritis following B-cell depletion therapy
Authors: Inmaculada de la Torre, Rita A Moura, Maria J Leandro, Jonathan Edwards, Geraldine Cambridge
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Objectives To examine the expression of B-cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) on naive CD27− and memory CD27+ B cells in normal individuals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) undergoing B-cell depletion therapy with rituximab. Patients and Methods BAFF-R expression on B-cell subsets was determined in normal controls (NC; n=11), active patients with RA pre-rituximab (pre-RX; n=15), relapsing patients either concordant for B-cell repopulation (C-R, n=13) or discordant, with relapse more than 3 months after repopulation (D-R, n=11) and patients in remission over 3 months postrepopulation (discordant non-relapsing (D-NR), n=5). Serum BAFF was measured by ELISA and analysed using Mann–Whitney. Results There was no significant difference between NC, pre-RX and D-NR patients in %BAFF-R-positive B cells or mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in naive and memory B cells. Relapsing patients had significantly lower MFI and %BAFF-R-positive cells in both naive and memory compartments from NC and pre-RX (C-R and D-R; p&lt;0.01). BAFF levels in pre-RX patients were within the normal range and did not correlate with BAFF-R expression in any patient group. D-NR patients had relatively lower proportions of pre and postswitch CD27+ B cells than pre-RX patients (D-NR vs pre-RX; p&lt;0.05 for both) and also lower numbers of postswitch B cells than D-R patients (D-NR vs D-R, p&lt;0.05). Conclusion BAFF-R expression was significantly reduced on both naive and memory B cells in patients at relapse, regardless of the relationship with B-cell repopulation or serum BAFF levels. Re-establishment of active disease was also associated with an increase in class-switch recombination. Factors responsible for lower levels of BAFF-R may relate to altered thresholds for autoreactive B-cell generation at relapse in patients with RA.
Intranasal flu vaccine reduces severity of symptoms
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The severity of influenza symptoms is significantly reduced with prophylactic intranasal flu vaccine, according to a study in healthy adult volunteers

The study, led by Dr Kristin Nichol of the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota, is the first to test the intranasal flu vaccine on an adult population ( JAMA 1999;282:137-44, 182-3). It enrolled 4561 healthy adults agedbetween 18 and 65 and was conducted at 13 …
Clinical accuracy of the diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: None Morton, None Mackie
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Diagnostic accuracy for melanoma was determined in a dedicated pigmented lesion clinic. We assessed the impact of duration of experience in dermatology and also the relationship between tumour thickness and accuracy of clinical diagnosis. We reviewed the histopathology request forms and reports for all biopsies generated by the Pigmented Lesion Clinic, Western Infirmary, Glasgow during 1992–94 inclusive. The clinic is staffed by two consultants, one senior registrar and one registrar. Diagnostic accuracy, index of suspicion, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were calculated for the clinic overall, and for each grade of staff. One hundred and sixty-three lesions were diagnosed clinically as melanoma. A histopathological diagnosis of melanoma was made for 128 lesions during this period, 113 of which had been correctly diagnosed before surgery. The diagnostic accuracy for two dermatologists each with > 10 years experience in dermatology was 80%, with sensitivity of 91% and positive predictive value of 86%. Diagnostic accuracy rates for two senior registrars (each with 3–5 years experience) and six registrars (each with 1–2 years experience) were 62% and 56%, respectively. Thin and intermediate thickness melanomas generated the greatest inaccuracy irrespective of clinical experience, although registrars failed to recognize melanoma three times more often than the other groups. We report the diagnostic accuracy for melanoma by trained dermatologists to be higher than previously reported. In comparison with trainees, > 10 years experience in dermatology and exposure to more than 10 melanomas per year appears to be associated with greater diagnostic accuracy. Knowledge of the current clinical diagnostic accuracy at varying levels of experience is essential if the impact of training is to be evaluated. As pigmented lesions of virtually all types can be treated within dermatology departments, dermatologists are the appropriate first point of referral for suspected early melanoma.
Vasoconstrictive effects of endothelin-1, endothelin-3, and urotensin II in isolated perfused human lungs and isolated human pulmonary arteries
Authors: R T Bennett
Journal: Thorax (2004)

Urotensin II (UII) has been identified as a ligand for the orphan receptor GPR14 through which it elicits potent vasoconstriction in humans and non-human primates. The pulmonary vasculature is particularly sensitive; human UII (hUII) exhibits a potency 28 times that of endothelin (ET)-1 in isolated pulmonary arteries obtained from cynomolgus monkeys. However, hUII induced vasoconstriction in isolated human intralobar pulmonary arteries is variable, possibly as a result of location dependent differences in receptor density or because it is only uncovered by disease dependent endothelial dysfunction.The vasoactivity of both hUII and gobi UII (gUII) in comparison with ET-1 and ET-3 was studied in isolated perfused lung preparations (n = 14) and isolated intralobar pulmonary arteries (n = 40, mean diameter 548 (27) microm) obtained from 17 men of mean (SE) age 67 (2) years and eight women of mean (SE) age 65 (3) years with a variety of vascular diseases.ET-1 (10 pM-100 nM) and ET-3 (10 pM-30 nM) elicited vasoconstriction in the lung preparations, inducing comparable increases in pulmonary arterial pressure of 24.8 (4.5) mm Hg and 14.5 (4.9) mm Hg, respectively, at 30 nM (p = 0.13). Similarly, ET-1 (10 pM-300 nM) and ET-3 (10 pM-100 nM) caused marked vasoconstriction in isolated pulmonary arteries, inducing maximal changes in tension of 4.36 (0.26) mN/mm and 1.54 (0.44) mN/mm, respectively, generating -logEC(50) values of 7.67 (0.04) M and 8.08 (0.07) M, respectively (both p<0.05). However, neither hUII nor gUII (both 10 pM-1 micro M) had any vasoactive effect in either preparation.UII does not induce vasoconstriction in isolated human pulmonary arterial or lung preparations and is therefore unlikely to be involved in the control of pulmonary vascular tone.
Native and a synthetic analogue of the malignancy-associated parathyroid hormone-like protein have in vitro transforming growth factor-like properties.
Authors: K L Insogna, A F Stewart, C A Morris, L M Hough, L M Milstone, M Centrella
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

A human parathyroid-like protein (PLP) has recently been isolated and cloned from human tumors associated with the paraneoplastic syndrome, humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. PLP shares NH2-terminal amino acid sequence similarity with PTH but has a unique primary structure thereafter. Studies reported to date have indicated that both native and synthetic amino-terminal PLP polypeptides display actions in vivo and in vitro that are similar to those of PTH. We report here that purified native PLP and synthetic 36Tyr(1-36)amide human PLP induce epidermal growth factor-dependent transformation of NRK 49F cells in soft agar. Further, the synthetic peptide induces a significant increase in the biosynthesis of fibronectin by human dermal fibroblasts. (1-34)PTH does not display either of these biological activities. These data indicate that there are qualitative differences between PTH and the recently identified PLP. The latter hormone appears to possess transforming growth factor-like properties that may be relevant to its physiological actions.
Atherosclerosis in a Donor Heart
Authors: Gregory L. Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 September 1990Atherosclerosis in a Donor HeartGregory L. Miller, MDGregory L. Miller, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-6-484_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Graft arteriosclerosis following cardiac transplantation is a significant complication and is felt to have an immunologic cause. I describe a case of acute myocardial infarction in a transplant patient that was thought to be caused by underlying coronary atherosclerosis of the donor heart.A 39-year-old woman, 3 months after an orthotopic heart transplant for severe ischemic cardiomyopathy, complained of fever for 1 week and other symptoms similar to two previous episodes of acute rejection. Both the admission chest roentgenogram, which showed an increased cardiac silhouette, and electrocardiogram, with decreased voltages, supported acute graft rejection. She was initially...References1. PetrossianNicholsMarboe GAC. Relation between survival and development of coronary artery disease and anti-HLA antibodies after cardiac transplantation. Circulation. 1989;Suppl III:III 122-5. Google Scholar2. McDonaldRectorBraunlinKuboOlivari KTESM. Association of coronary artery disease in cardiac transplant recipients with cytomegalovirus infection. Am J Cardiol. 1989;64:359-62. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HessHastilloMohanakumar MAT. Accelerated atherosclerosis in cardiac transplantation: role of cytotoxic B-cell antibodies and hyperlipidemia. Circulation. 1983;Suppl II:II 94-101. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55409 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1990Volume 113, Issue 6Page: 484-484KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionAtherosclerosisCardiac transplantationCardiomyopathiesElectrocardiographyFeversHeartStable coronary artery diseaseThorax Issue Published: 15 September 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Attention Disorder in Children: Is the Literature Purged? Was It Ever Tainted?
Authors: Elizabeth Knoll
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> After months of widely publicized investigation, psychologist Stephen Breuning has admitted recently (in court) to having invented a great deal of data supporting the use of methylphenidate (Ritalin) to control hyperactivity in severely retarded children.<sup>1</sup>Robert Sprague, the former colleague of Breuning who first discovered and reported the fraud, calculated that between 1979 and 1983 Breuning's publications accounted for slightly more than one third of the published research in the psychopharmacology of mental retardation.<sup>2</sup>Several states depended largely on his publications in setting regulations for the treatment of the institutionalized mentally retarded.<sup>1</sup> The October 21 issue of<i>JAMA</i>contains one letter to the editor and two articles on the possibly excessive use of medication—particularly methylphenidate hydrochloride—in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.<sup>3-5</sup>Understandably, since specialists in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder know of Breuning's fraud, none of the articles cited Breuning. Granted, they did
HIV and AIDS in health care workers.
Authors: C F Swinhoe, E R Groves
Journal: BMJ (1993)

An audit of the outcome of these periodic procedures from Germanaud's study would help in decisions regarding starting, continuing, or stopping periodic tuberculin testing or chest x ray examinations, or both, for hospital employees.Evaluation of the British data from occupational health departments in the health service has shown that routine annual chest x ray examination for this group of workers is not justified.4
Present Cure Rates for Cancer of the Stomach
Authors: L. W. Guiss
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1952)

years.Another important finding was that the operative mortality for major stomach surgery had progressively droppedin thelast few yearsuntil at the time of the survey it was less than S percentforsubtotal gastrectomy for cancer.Unfortunately only30 percent of th'e patients who areoperatedon are suitable for curative resection.
AMERICAN IN JENA
Authors: Robert Wartenberg
Journal: JAMA (1953)

To the Editor:—  On my recent visit to Europe, a German professor of medicine told me the following story. In 1945 he was in Jena when American troops entered that city. Martial law was declared, and the citizens were forbidden to leave their homes. With fixed bayonets, American soldiers patrolled the city. This professor too cowered in his home, shivering and quivering. Suddenly there was a violent knock on his door. He thought his last hour had come. Trembling and covered with cold sweat, he opened the door. There, in full regalia, stood an American medical officer. The officer pulled a book from his pocket and asked sternly: Are you Professor...? Ye-e-s-s, stuttered the frightened professor. Did you write this book? demanded the officer. The professor nodded a weak yes. Then, please autograph it for me. This done, the officer snapped, Thank you very much, came to attention, saluted, turned
Sir John Floyer, M.D. (1649-1734).
Authors: D. D. Gibbs
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The Abortion Act-Lewis M y hospital, the Chelsea Hospital for Women, and a London undergraduate teaching hospital, Guy's.I have compared the figures of 1968 with those of 1963.Here we see the total number of terminations, with a noticeable increase in the number being done in 1968.Tables V and VI give the figures for abdominal hysterotomy and vaginal termination, respectively, while study of the age distribution of cases at Chelsea Hospital for Women (Table VII) shows again that the majority fall into the normal child-bearing age group.TABLE VI.-Vaginal Terminations 1968
Postmarket “Pharmacovigilance” Program on Alert for Adverse Events From Drugs
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Large scale screening of HBV-DNA integration sites into human liver tumor DNA: evidence for serca 1 HBV mediated cisactivation
Authors: K. Saigo, M. Chami, K. Poussin, C. Clepet, G. Gyapay, B. Caudron, T. Urashima, M. Kew, K. Isono, J. Wessenbach, C. Brechot, P. Paterlini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Ezetimibe and Cancer — An Uncertain Association
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen, Ralph B. D'Agostino, James H. Ware, Stephen Morrissey, Gregory D. Curfman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The randomized clinical trial is considered to be the most reliable tool to assess the efficacy and safety of new drugs. At times, however, randomized trials detect adverse events that are unanticipated and not easily explained on the basis of current knowledge. An unexpected finding of this kind may ultimately prove to be due to chance, but follow-up studies sometimes confirm the adverse drug effect. Particularly when an unexpected finding raises a safety concern with regard to a drug, physicians face uncertainty about how to act on the information.In this issue of the Journal, we publish the results of . . .
Evaluation of the nature of mildly prolonged prothrombin times
Authors: M. G. Mazzucconi, G. Mariani, A. Chistolini, R. Pasquali Lasagni, M. Motta, A. Ghirardini, D. Altieri, P. M. Mannucci, F. Mandelli
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract Twenty‐one asymptomatic individuals with a mildly prolonged prothrombin time ( &gt; 2 SD from the prothrombin time of the reference plasma) were found to have a mild isolated factor VII (F VII) defect ( x 38.8 U/dl; SD 13.2). Factor VII antigen levels were also found to be reduced ( x 45.5 U/dl; SD 7.8) in 13 of them. These figures were compared with those of 50 normals and 28 obligatory heterozygotes for F VII deficiency. The phenotypical behaviors in the propositi were found to be equal to those of the F VII congenital deficiency heterozygotes: the discrepant one (VII + ) and the nondiscrepant one (VII −/R ). Fifteen families of the propositi could also be studied, totalling 55 additional individuals; in 25 of them (ten pedigrees) a mild F VII deficiency was found showing the same phenotypical features of the corresponding propositi. We therefore believe that these individuals with mild F VII deficiency can be considered as heterozygotes for the defect, since (1) the other vitamin K‐dependent clotting factors were normal; (2) the defect is transmitted throughout the kindred with the same mode of inheritance as F VII congenital deficiency; and (3) F VII: C and F VII:Ag levels are highly comparable with those of known obligatory heterozygotes for F VII deficiency. On the grounds of a careful statistical analysis we propose a formula which allows a discrimination between the two phenotypes of the heterozygotes for F VII congenital deficiency. In addition it is suggested that sensitive tissue thromboplastins should be used to pick up these mild defects.
Chronic pulmonary thromboembolism in dogs treated with tranexamic acid.
Authors: K M Moser, J P Cantor, M Olman, I Villespin, J L Graif, R Konopka, J J Marsh, C Pedersen
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Many questions remain regarding the pathogenesis, natural history, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in patients. To answer such questions, we developed an animal model of this disorder. The brisk thrombolytic response of canines to acute embolism has, previously, prevented the establishment of such a model. METHODS AND RESULTS The fibrinolytic inhibitor tranexamic acid was given orally to canines before, and for intervals after, pulmonary emboli were released from venous thrombi formed in vivo in femoral veins or the inferior vena cava. Preliminary studies disclosed that embolic residuals from femoral vein thrombi were not sufficient to cause significant, persistent pulmonary hypertension. With repetitive, larger thrombi embolized from the inferior vena cava, however, persistent pulmonary hypertension was achieved in most animals. CONCLUSIONS Resolution of emboli in the canine can be inhibited by tranexamic acid. As in humans, a spectrum of embolic residuals is encountered, and the perfusion lung scan consistently underestimates the extent of embolic residuals. Studies of this animal model continue.