tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Goiter and Other Thyroid Diseases in Tecumseh, Michigan
Authors: Josip Matovinovic
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In 1895 Dr. George Dock of Ann Arbor, summarized 52 reports from his colleagues on the prevalence of goiter in Michigan. 1 He stated:  Goitre occurs in all parts of Michigan. It is most prevalent in the northern part (both peninsulas), but the southern part or the lower peninsula, especially the lower two tiers of counties from lake to lake, show a large proportion.... Immigrants of all nationalities, and many of these are represented in Michigan, are frequently affected.... Among the older writers there is a want of harmony concerning goitre in Indians.... Most of the reporters living near Indians could say nothing about them. However, Dr. W. B. Armstrong reports goitre as common among the Indians near Charlevoix....  In Michigan, as elsewhere, goitre develops most frequently about puberty; next in early middle life. No age is exempt. No case has come under my observation in which goitre was congenital,
Aberrant multimeric structure of von Willebrand factor in a new variant of von Willebrand's disease (type IIC).
Authors: Z M Ruggeri, I M Nilsson, R Lombardi, L Holmberg, T S Zimmerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

A variant of von Willebrand's disease has been identified in which sodium dodecyl sulfate agarose electrophoresis provides evidence that the von Willebrand factor present is structurally abnormal. Rather than the repeating triplet seen in normal subjects and in patients with the IIA and IIB variants, a repeating doublet was present in the propositus. None of the bands had the same mobility as bands in normal subjects or previously described von Willebrand's disease patients. The larger multimers of von Willebrand factor were lacking both from plasma and platelets, and did not appear in the circulation after infusion of 1-deamino-[8-D-arginine]-vasopressin. There was a marked increase in the concentration of the smallest multimer in the propositus and his phenotypically normal children, indicating that this abnormality of von Willebrand factor is inherited in an autosomal-recessive manner.
The patient's journey: glaucoma
Authors: Christine W Hartmann, Douglas J Rhee
Journal: BMJ (2006)

“You have glaucoma,” an ophthalmologist informed me when I was 36 (the mean age of onset is 65). Given the uncanny ability of the human brain to compensate for missing visual information, I don't know when I would have noticed my blindness had I not had some unexplained pain in my right eye one morning. As I lay in bed with my hand over my right eye, I looked around the room using only my left eye. I noticed that when I gazed straight ahead at the dresser, I couldn't see part of the closet door. And when I moved my gaze to the closet door, part of the room door disappeared. For the first day, I tried to put it out of my mind, but when the symptoms persisted, I began to get very nervous.

A week later, I sat in the dark examining room, stunned. Tears came to my eyes despite my desperate attempt to appear in control. “You're young to have this,” explained the doctor. “But the good news is that there are lots of medications to treat it.” Without looking at me he added, “It's not something to be too concerned about.” He glanced instead pointedly at his watch. Was I going to become emotional and make it difficult for him to leave the room? Ignoring his impatience, I persisted and asked whether there was anything else that might be causing my vision loss, anything we might want to rule out. He shrugged, “Well, it could be a brain tumour. We could do an MRI, but…” His entire body language finished the sentence: “why bother?”

Why bother indeed? They were not his eyes, and he was sure of himself and the diagnosis. A week later I sat before the ophthalmologist whose specialty was vision loss from …
3. Adeno-Associated Virus 2-Mediated Gene Transfer: Identification of a Cellular Protein Serine/Threonine Phosphatase Involved in Augmenting Vector Transduction Efficiency
Authors: Weihong Zhao, Jianqing Wu, Li Zhong, Arun Srivastava
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

We have previously documented that a cellular chaperone protein, FKBP52, which is phosphorylated at both tyrosine and serine/threonine residues, interacts with the D-sequence in the inverted terminal repeats of the adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV) genome, inhibits the viral second-strand DNA synthesis, and leads to inefficient transgene expression from recombinant AAV vectors in certain cell types (J. Virol., 75: 9818-9678, 2001). We have also demonstrated that FKBP52 is dephosphorylated at tyrosine residues by T cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP) (J. Virol. 77: 2741-2746, 2003). However, the identity of the putative serine/threonine protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates FKBP52 at serine/threonine residues has remained elusive. Using known inhibitors of serine/threonine kinases and phosphatases, we were able to rule out the involvement of MAP kinase, PK-A, PK-C, PK-G, MLC kinase, PI3 kinase, and PI4 kinases since none of these inhibitors had any effect on AAV-mediated transgene expression. Calyculin A and Cyclosporin A also had no effect. Thus, we ruled out the involvement of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) in AAV transduction. However, inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and protein phosphatase 5 (PP5), resulted in a significant inhibition. These data suggested PP5 to be a candidate enzyme. PP5 is ubiquitously expressed in all mammalian tissue, and is localized predominantly in the nucleus. Recent studies have revealed that PP5 participates in the regulation of the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) phosphorylation. Since DNA-PKcs has been implicated in AAV proviral integration, we hypothesized that FKBP52 is phosphorylated at serine/threonine residues by DNA-PKcs, and dephosphorylated by PP5, as depicted schematically in the model shown here. We systematically examined whether PP5 plays a role in the regulation of FKBP52 phosphorylation, and consequently, in AAV-mediated transgene expression. The transduction efficiency of AAV-EGFP vectors was decreased by ∼40% with pre-treatment of cells with okadaic acid (p<0.05), a known inhibitor of PP5, but no significant change was observed with pre-treatment low concentrations of fostriecin, known to inhibit PP2A (p>0.05). Deliberate over-expression of PP5 in 293 cells, which did not influence cellular growth, led to ∼5-fold increase in AAV transduction efficiency. We hypothesize that FKBP52 is a substrate for PP5, and suggest that PP5-mediated dephosphorylation of FKBP52 at serine/threonine residues can be exploited to augment the transduction efficiency of AAV vectors, which should have implications in the optimal use of these vectors in human gene therapy.
The Treatment of Spasmodic Torticollis by Excision of the Spinal Accessory Nerve
Authors: F. A. Southam
Journal: BMJ (1891)

form of mercury I am referring to-give suclh good soporific effects are rather difficult to describe, and must be given in a more or less general way.Mlany men would call them cases of biliousness, anid for want of a better term I am content to use it.The patienits are genierally over 40, complaining of lassitude, loss of appetite, a general fulness of the abdomen, pains in thle shoulder-joints, tongue generally of a whitish brown colour, a nasty taste in the mouth, eyes are ratler " thick," a wanit of clearness of tlhouglht, more or less dull paini in the head not confined to aniy onie particular spot, irrita- bility of tlhe skini, aand, above all, sleeplessniess at nighlt.Tlhere may be many more symptoms and signs tlhan-l the above, or few of thlem may be present, but, wlhen the symptom
An Importance of Carbohydrate Ingestion for the Expression of the Effect of α-Glucosidase Inhibitor in NIDDM
Authors: Tomohiro Hara, Jiro Nakamura, Naoki Koh, Fumihiko Sakakibara, Naohide Takeuchi, Nigishi Hotta
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To examine the usefulness of α-glucosidase inhibitors in glycemic control of patients with NIDDM. The involvement of carbohydrate ingestion in manifestation of the effects of α-glucosidase inhibitors was also investigated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 41 patients hospitalized with NIDDM (22 patients receiving sulfonylurea and 19 receiving insulin therapy) were given α-glucosidase inhibitors during the period when their blood glucose levels were well controlled. They were followed for 3 weeks as inpatients and for an additional 6 months as outpatients. They were retrospectively divided into two groups according to the percentage of carbohydrates in all sources of calories during outpatient management: the &amp;lt;50% group and the &amp;gt;50% group. Between these two groups, we compared circadian variation in blood glucose levels, HbA1c, and urine C-peptide. RESULTS Treatment with alpha-glucosidase inhibitors during the hospital stay markedly improved circadian variation in blood glucose levels and HbA1c and decreased urine C-peptide in both groups. While HbA1c returned to its pretreatment level at 6 months after the treatment in the &amp;lt;50% group, HbA1c had further improved in the &amp;gt;50% group at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS α-Glucosidase inhibitors are useful for glycemic control in patients with NIDDM and the percentage of carbohydrate in all calorie sources is an important factor for the expression of their effects.
Comparison of weight loss with short term dietary and intragastric balloon treatment.
Authors: D Durrans, T V Taylor
Journal: Gut (1989)

Treatment of 41 morbidly obese patients with a 3.34 mega joule diet has been compared with the same dietary regime together with an intragastric balloon. After eight weeks of closely supervised dietary regime a free floating silicone intragastric balloon with a capacity of 500 ml was inserted and the patient advised to adhere to the same diet for a further eight weeks. Thirty four patients completed the study. Forty eight per cent lost weight during the period compared with 97% during balloon treatment. The mean weight loss with diet alone was 1.9 (3) kg compared with 7.5 (4.1) kg with the balloon (p less than 0.001). Apart from postinsertion vomiting, which resolved by 72 hours, there were no gastric complications associated with the balloon. This study indicates that, in the short term at least, the intragastric balloon can improve on weight loss achieved by diet alone.
A New Pull-Through Trocar Technique for Percutaneous Operative Endoscopy
Authors: E Frimberger, M Classen
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

A pull-through trocar is described which establishes a percutaneous access to the stomach and may immediately be used for endoscopy. The trocar is placed in a similar fashion to PEG probes. The technique was evaluated in animals. Using rigid endoscopes and instruments introduced through the trocar operative manipulations of the gastric wall were carried out. There were no severe complications. The new method extends the scope of percutaneous therapeutic endoscopy (minimal invasive surgery) by permitting direct access to the interior of the stomach.
Validity of the European short list of respiratory diseases: a 40-year autopsy study
Authors: Anne K. Gulsvik, Andreas H. Henriksen, Einar Svendsen, Sjur Humerfelt, Amund Gulsvik
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The predictors of autopsy and the accuracy of European short list (E) codes of respiratory diseases lack recent knowledge. A 10% random sample (n=6811) of inhabitants of Bergen, Norway, aged 20–70 years, was invited to participate in a survey in 1965–1971 (participation rate 83%). By December 31, 2005, 4387 (64%) participants had died and 1163 (27% of the deceased) had been given an autopsy. Causes of death were tuberculosis (E02, 0.2%), lung malignancy (E15, 3.5%), influenza (E38, 0.2%), pneumonia (E39, 6.5%) and chronic lower respiratory diseases (E40, 3.2%). Male sex, early deaths in the surveillance period and E15 were positive predictors of an autopsy examination, whereas old age and E39 were strong negative predictors. Among those referred for a post mortem examination, the cause of death was verified as tuberculosis in 0.3%, lung cancer in 8.1%, acute pneumonia in 2.0% and chronic obstructive lung diseases in 4.9%. Cohen’s kappa coefficients (E codes versus autopsy) were 0.91 (95% CI 0.86–0.96) for E15, 0.37 (95% CI 0.20–0.54) for E39 and 0.65 (95% CI 0.54–0.76) for E40. These findings matter when deaths from respiratory diseases are used as end-points in epidemiological association studies and clinical trials.
For Some American Indians, Casino Profits Are a Good Bet for Improving Health Care
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

LESTER MORRIS racks up the mileage on his pickup truck—a vehicle with license plates bearing the moniker REZROD—as he goes about his business on the reservation of the Mille Lacs band of Ojibwe Indians in rural Minnesota, roughly 100 miles north of the twin cities, Minneapolis and St Paul. An unprecedented level of reservation business has kept Morris and other band members and tribal employees busy during the past few years. In addition to opening a resplendent new health clinic and 2 new and well-equipped tribal schools where computers and academic subjects are combined with Ojibwe cultural and language studies, the Mille Lacs band is building much-needed housing for band members and launching a host of other projects aimed at improving reservation life. For Morris, an Ojibwe who grew up away from the reservation, the past few years have meant an exciting and challenging job as the band's assistant commissioner
Relation of aortic valve calcification with cardiovascular risk factors and antiinflammatory gene polymorphisms in patients with degenerative calcific aortic stenosis
Authors: Jan R. Ortlepp, Fabian Schmitz, Vera Mevissen, Stephan Weiβ, Richard Dronskowski, Klaus Zerres, Christian Weber, Rüdiger Autschbach, Bruno Messmer, Peter Hanrath, Rainer Hoffmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Assessment of clinical methods of evaluation and isotope techniques in analgesic trials in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: W C Dick, R Neufeld, M Grayson, A Prentice, A Woodburn, K Whaley, G Nuki, W W Buchanan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

<i>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</i> Small emboli arising from a friable plaque during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stent placement (CAS) constitute a potentially important cause of periprocedural ischemic complications. To evaluate the frequency and significance of cerebral ischemic lesions of embolic origin after CEA and CAS, we examined patients with moderate to severe carotid stenosis by using diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging. <i>METHODS:</i> Twenty-four patients undergoing 26 CEAs and 20 patients undergoing 22 CAS were prospectively studied with pre- and post-treatment DW imaging of the brain within 7 days (mean, 2.3 days) before and within 7 days (mean, 3.2 days) after treatment. DW images were analyzed by two neuroradiologists blinded to the clinical results after CEA and CAS. Any new hyperintense lesion on DW image was interpreted as a post-treatment ischemic lesion. We compared post-treatment ischemic lesions with change in neurologic status, presence of plaque ulcerations, and severity of stenosis and compared the frequency of overall post-treatment complications between the two procedures. <i>RESULTS:</i> In 25 (96%) of 26 CEAs, post-operative brain DW images were unchanged. In one patient (4%), a new single asymptomatic hyperintensity was observed in the striatocapsule on the surgical side. In 14 (64%) of 22 CAS procedures, post-operative brain DW images were unchanged. In eight CAS cases (36%), new hyperintensities were seen on DW images. Among them, two were symptomatic with a major neurologic deficit lasting more than 7 days. Post-treatment brain or retinal major stroke rates were 4% (n = 1) for CEA and 14% (n = 3) for CAS. Overall symptomatic complication rates were 19.2% and 13.6%, respectively. <i>CONCLUSION:</i> Rate of ischemic brain lesions was significantly lower after CEA than after CAS, although most of these brain lesions were silent. Also, CEA is a safer procedure carrying a lower risk of post-operative cerebral ischemia. CAS, however, may be a comparable procedure considering the total complication rate and can be a more reliable procedure with advances in neuroprotective means.
Immune complex formation after exposure of autoantigens on the surface of secondary necrotic cells (SNEC) promotes inflammation in SLE
Authors: Luis E Muñoz, Christina Janko, Sandra Franz, Stefan Siebig, Johan van der Vlag, Georg Schett, Martin Herrmann
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by the production of autoantibodies, formation of immune complexes (IC), and activation of complement. Accumulation in blood and tissues of postapoptotic remnants is considered of etiological and pathological importance for patients with SLE. The goal of this work is to analyse whether the remnants of apoptotic cells are involved in the induction of inflammatory responses in SLE. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> SNEC were generated by UVB irradiation of human lymphocytes followed by incubation for 48 h. The authors employed fluorescence microscopy, FACS, and an ex vivo phagocytosis assays to demonstrate the availability of autoantigens on the surface of SNEC to form immune complexes that provoke inflammation. <h3>Results</h3> The authors describe the exposure of dsDNA on the surface of SNEC and the binding of serum opsonins to SNEC. The authors show that anti-dsDNA and other autoantibodies bind and sensitise SNEC. Autoantibody-sensitised SNEC were cleared by macrophages in vitro and induced a pro-inflammatory cytokine response. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Lupus autoantigens are exposed on the surface of SNEC and available to assemble intricate immune complexes with various autoantibodies. The clearance of cellular remnants that are not properly removed from the organism is targeted by lupus autoantibodies causing systemic inflammation in some patients with SLE.
How my tonsils were saved
Authors: D. Crosby
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In 1937 I was a 7 year old schoolboy. One day the teacher moved me to sit at the front of the class, because, she said, I was deaf. I have no memory of deafness and in retrospect am reasonably certain that this was a misdiagnosis of my affectation of deafness in response to orders that I did not wish to obey.

The matter was …
IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON BLOOD GROUPS
Authors: Ten Feizi, Elvin A. Kabat
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

Quantitative precipitin assays were carried out with eleven anti-I and five anti-i cold agglutinin sera. Their reaction patterns with precursor substances and with certain antigens related to the A, B, H, Le(a), and Le(b) substances revealed at least six types of I and four types of i specificity. All of the I and i determinants appear to be represented in varying amounts on that fraction of the ovarian cyst precursor substance OG which was precipitated by 20% ethanol (OG 20% 2X). Only some of these determinants can be detected in the first periodate oxidation stages of A, B, and H substances, in cow substances, and in hydatid cyst fluid.
Experimental treatment of human diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma xenografts by doxycycline alone or in combination with the anti‐CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody rituximab
Authors: Franck Assayag, Nicole Brousse, Jérôme Couturier, Elizabeth Macintyre, Claire Mathiot, Sébastien Dewulf, Benoît Froget, Anne Vincent‐Salomon, Didier Decaudin
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)
Amiodarone and the Thyroid
Authors: LARRY E. ALVES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1985Amiodarone and the ThyroidLARRY E. ALVES, M.D., EDWARD P. ROSE, M.D., THOMAS B. CAHILL JR., M.D.LARRY E. ALVES, M.D., EDWARD P. ROSE, M.D., THOMAS B. CAHILL JR., M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-412_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Mazonson and associates (1) report that myxedema is not an uncommon occurrence during amiodarone therapy. However, the exact metabolic effect of amiodarone on the thyroid function remains unclear. Singh and Nademanee (2) originally monitored reverse triiodothyronine as a guide to therapeutic effectiveness of amiodarone, but this is probably an early indication of amiodarone's overall effect on thyroid function. Martino and colleagues (3) have shown that hyperthyroidism is commoner in patients with low iodine intake, and hypothyroidism is commoner in patients with a normal iodine intake.Of our 145 patients, follow-up thyroid studies have been done for 104;...References1. MAZONSONWILLIAMSCANTLEY PML. Myxedema coma during long-term amiodarone therapy. Am J Med. 1984;77:751-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SINGHNADEMANEE BK. Amiodarone and thyroid function: clinical implications during antiarrhythmic therapy. Am Heart J. 1983;106:857-69. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MARTINOSAFRANLOMBARDI EMF. Environmental iodine intake and thyroid dysfunction during chronic amiodarone therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:28-34. LinkGoogle Scholar4. ALVESROSECAHILL LET. Thyroid function in patients on amiodarone [Abstract]. Am Fed Clin Res. 1984;32:260-A. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 5308 West Main Street; Belleville, IL 62223 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTime‐to‐onset analysis of amiodarone‐associated thyroid dysfunctionThe Pathology of HyperthyroidismRisk factors for amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction in JapanPathologic Quiz Case: A 66-Year-Old Man With ThyrotoxicosisAmiodarone and the ThyroidThe Pathology of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A ReviewIncidence, predictability, and pathogenesis of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidismFailure to Detect Antideoxyribonucleic Acid Antibody in Graves' Disease in CaucasiansAMIODARONE AND THE THYROID: THE JANUS RESPONSEAbnormal testicular function in men with primary hypothyroidismAMIODARONE IODINE-INDUCED HYPOTHYROIDISM: RISK FACTORS AND FOLLOW-UP IN 28 CASESIS HUMORAL THYROID AUTOIMMUNITY RELEVANT IN AMIODARONE IODINE-INDUCED THYROTOXICOSTS (AIIT)? 1 March 1985Volume 102, Issue 3Page: 412-412KeywordsHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismThyroidTriiodothyronine Issue Published: 1 March 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE PRISM-DIOPTRY VS. THE CENTRAD.Read in the Section of Ophthalmology, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: SWAN M. BURNETT
Journal: JAMA (1891)

I have had occasion to remark before, in respect to this question, that what we need in the nomenclature of prisms is scientific accuracy, readiness and simplicity of practical application with as little innovation in established custom as possible. The prism dioptry, I believe, fulfills all these requirements. It takes as a standard prism one which causes a deflection of 1 cm. on a plane at one meter's distance, which is nearly what is now known as a one degree prism, and will thus entail no change in the present process of manufacture or in the plant of the manufacturers. It is scientific and accurate, every prism being precisely what its number indicates, and its power can be measured by any one having a centimeter rule and a meter measure. No complicated apparatus is necessary, though for the finer determinations and for certain combinations of sphero-and cylindro-prisms the elegant instrument