tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Costovertebral and costotransverse joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M J Cohen, J Ezekiel, R H Persellin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Lesions of the costovertebral (CV) and costotransverse (CT) joints are distinctly unusual in rheumatoid arthritis. The patient presented had dramatic changes in these joints with destruction, ankylosis, and bony overgrowth. This led to a moderate respiratory impairment and a distinctive radiological presentation.
Dietary Management in the Coronary Care Unit
Authors: Nancy Stegemann
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This is in regard to the answer to the question of "Dietary Management in the Coronary Care Unit" (237:2645, 1977). In the penultimate paragraph, Richard Jones, MD, states that there should be "a reasonable balance between carbohydrate, protein, and fat, in a proportion of 40%:20%:30% of calories." I would like to know what happened to the other 10%? As a dietitian who has worked with coronary patients for five years and also as a member of the Michigan Heart Association Nutrition Committee, I would like to correct Dr Jones and recommend that a more reasonable balance of carbohydrate, protein, and fat would be 45%:20%:35% of calories. In addition to being concerned about the ratio of polyunsaturated fat to saturated fat and the cholesterol content of the diet, clinicians should also be concerned with the ratio of simple to complex carbohydrate. A ratio of 30% sugar to 70%
Resveratrol blocks interleukin-1β–induced activation of the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB, inhibits proliferation, causes S-phase arrest, and induces apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Zeev Estrov, Shishir Shishodia, Stefan Faderl, David Harris, Quin Van, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Moshe Talpaz, Bharat B. Aggarwal
Journal: Blood (2003)
Acute tricuspid valve obstruction following the use of tricuspid ball valve prosthesis
Authors: H. A. Samaan, R. Murali
Journal: Thorax (1970)

A case is presented in which the mitral and tricuspid valves were replaced by a ball-valve prosthesis. The patient was admitted as an emergency 18 months later with the clinical picture of acute venous inflow obstruction to the heart due to tricuspid ball-valve prosthesis obstruction. Successful replacement under emergency open heart surgery, using assisted circulation, is described.
Reliability of the Southampton examination schedule for the diagnosis of upper limb disorders in the general population
Authors: K Walker-Bone
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Epidemiological research in the field of soft tissue neck and upper limb disorders has been hampered by the lack of an agreed system of diagnostic classification. In 1997, a United Kingdom workshop agreed consensus definitions for nine of these conditions. From these criteria, an examination schedule was developed and validated in a hospital setting.To investigate the reliability of this schedule in the general population.Ninety seven adults of working age reporting recent neck or upper limb symptoms were invited to attend for clinical examination consisting of inspection and palpation of the upper limbs, measurement of active and passive ranges of motion, and clinical provocation tests. A doctor and a trained research nurse examined each patient separately, in random order and blinded to each other's findings.Between observer repeatability of the schedule was generally good, with a median kappa coefficient of 0.66 (range 0.21 to 0.93) for each of the specific diagnoses considered.As expected, the repeatability of tests is poorer in the general population than in the hospital clinic, but the Southampton examination schedule is sufficiently reproducible for epidemiological research in the general population.
Nonvisualized Kidney on Bone Scintigraphy Due to a Depressed Diaphragm
Authors: PETER C. PIESLOR, MICHAEL A. NOON, ROBERT P. BROUILLARD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 55-year-old woman with a 1-year history of nonsmall cell lung cancer underwent planar bone imaging with nonvisualization of the right kidney. The kidneys were in their usual location as seen on a bone scan taken 13 months earlier. Subsequent computed tomography identified inferior and anterior displacement of the right kidney by a large right subpulmonic effusion and a pleural-parenchymal abnormality that displaced the diaphragm and liver inferiorly.
Genome-wide association study identifies TF as a significant modifier gene of iron metabolism in HFE hemochromatosis
Authors: Marie de Tayrac, Marie-Paule Roth, Anne-Marie Jouanolle, Hélène Coppin, Gérald le Gac, Alberto Piperno, Claude Férec, Sara Pelucchi, Virginie Scotet, Edouard Bardou-Jacquet, Martine Ropert, Régis Bouvet, Emmanuelle Génin, Jean Mosser, Yves Deugnier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Survey of Residents about Their Programs
Authors: David A. Asch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 July 1993Survey of Residents about Their ProgramsDavid A. Asch, MD, MBA and Jack Ende, MDDavid A. Asch, MD, MBAUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA 19104Search for more papers by this author and Jack Ende, MDUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA 19104Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-1-199307010-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Dr. Baral that present and prospective residents are important stakeholders in the reform of graduate medical training in internal medicine. Although we do not believe that every resident in every program should be surveyed every year, we do agree that such information would be useful to programs and trainees alike. The Residency Review Committee for Internal Medicine surveys residents during its periodic program reviews; perhaps the information from these surveys should be made generally available. Moreover, we believe that the internal medicine residency market would benefit from freer information about individual programs' pass rates for ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1993Volume 119, Issue 1Page: 93KeywordsGraduate medical educationResidency ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Multiple idiopathic mucocutaneous neuromas: a new entity?.
Authors: F. Truchot, P. Grezard, F. Wolf, B. Balme, H. Perrot
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

We report a 53-year-old woman who presented with multiple painful red cutaneous papules that had been growing slowly for 13 years. Histopathology showed typical features of neuroma. Biological, morphological and genetic investigations were negative and excluded the diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b. After reviewing the literature, we concluded that our patient has an extremely unusual acquired disease, which must be considered as a distinct entity in the spectrum of cutaneous neurological disorders.
Reproductive and developmental toxicity of the components of gasoline.
Authors: R G Skalko
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

The reproductive, developmental, and postnatal toxicity of 14 select chemicals and mixtures that are components of gasoline has been reviewed. The majority of experimental analyses have been performed as either variations of the accepted segment 2 protocol or as traditional teratology studies. Specific deficiencies in the present database have been identified and are most obvious in the evaluation of reproductive and postnatal effects. It is recommended that future studies address the continuing need for assessment in multiple species and over a range of dosages with specific emphasis on the impact of route of administration on the results obtained.
1327 THE EFFECT OF IL28B POLYMORPHISMS ON VIROLOGIC RESPONSE TO TREATMENT WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON ALPHA-2A AND RIBAVIRIN (SOC) ADDED TO ABT-450/RITONAVIR (ABT-450/R), ABT-333, OR ABT-072
Authors: I. Gaultier, D.E. Cohen, A. Bhathena, K. Idler, L.M. Larsen, T. Podsadecki, B. Bernstein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Non-replicating rhabdovirus-derived particles (NRRPs) eradicate acute leukemia by direct cytolysis and induction of antitumor immunity
Authors: C Batenchuk, F Le Boeuf, L Stubbert, T Falls, H L Atkins, J C Bell, D P Conrad
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2013)

Rhabdoviruses (RVs) are currently being pursued as anticancer therapeutics for various tumor types, notably leukemia. However, modest virion production and limited spread between noncontiguous circulating leukemic cells requires high-dose administration of RVs, which exceeds the maximum tolerable dose of the live virus. Furthermore, in severely immunosuppressed leukemic patients, the potential for uncontrolled live virus spread may compromise the safety of a live virus approach. We hypothesized that the barriers to oncolytic virotherapy in liquid tumors may be overcome by administration of high-dose non-replicating RVs. We have developed a method to produce unique high-titer bioactive yet non-replicating rhabdovirus-derived particles (NRRPs). This novel biopharmaceutical is multimodal possessing direct cytolytic and immunomodulatory activity against acute leukemia. We demonstrate that NRRP resistance in normal cells is mediated by intact antiviral defences including interferon (IFN). This data was substantiated using murine models of blast crisis. The translational promise of NRRPs was demonstrated in clinical samples obtained from patients with high-burden multidrug-resistant acute myeloid leukemia. This is the first successful attempt to eradicate disseminated cancer using a non-replicating virus-derived agent, representing a paradigm shift in our understanding of oncolytic virus-based therapies and their application toward the treatment of acute leukemia.
Comparison of Technetium-99m Pyrophosphate and Technetium-99m Methylene Diphosphonate with Variable Amounts of Stannous Chloride in the Detection of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: VICTOR F. HUCKELL, DONALD M. LYSTER, ROBERT T. MORRISON, JOCELYN A. COOPER, MARY-ANNE STEWART
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

The authors prospectively compared the ability of Tc-99m pyrophosphate (PYP) and Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) to detect acute myocardial infarctions. The agents used were PYP (12 mg) with 3.4 mg of stannous chloride, MDP (10 mg) with 1.0 mg of stannous chloride, and MDP (10 mg) with 3.4 mg of stannous chloride. Imaging was performed on three consecutive days on 34 patients with proven myocardial infarctions, using the same agent on the first and third days of the study and an alternate agent on the second day. Agents were assigned randomly to each of six groups of patients. First images were obtained an average of 3.7 days (range, one to six days) following myocardial infarction. Seventeen of 23 patients (75%) had images positive for acute myocardial infarction with Tc-99m PYP, whereas only two of 21 patients (9.5%) had positive studies with Tc-99m MDP with 3.4 mg of stannous chloride and one of 24 patients (4.2%) had positive studies with Tc-99m MDP and 1.0 mg of stannous chloride. All three myocardial infarctions detected by Tc-99m MDP were extensive and transmural. When MDP and PYP were both positive in the same patient, the apparent size of the myocardial infarction was much smaller with the MDP. It is concluded that MDP can detect only large myocardial infarctions, has poor localization in the infarcted tissue, and varying the stannous chloride content of the preparation does not improve the ability of MDP to detect acute myocardial infarctions.
Contrasting influences of alterations in ventricular preload and afterload upon systemic hemodynamics, function, and metabolism of ischemic myocardium.
Authors: H L Wyatt, P L Da Luz, D D Waters, H J Swan, J S Forrester
Journal: Circulation (1977)

This study of anesthetized, open-chest dogs compares the effects of primary increases in left ventricular preload and afterload upon global and regional myocardial function and metabolism in the presence of a left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis (LAD). When LAD flow was reduced to 40-50% of control, regional systolic shortening declined by 20 to 25% and regional lactate extraction changed to production. In seven control dogs the mechanical abnormalities persisted during the 30 min of observation, but lactate production was reduced spontaneously. In ten dogs, increases in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) during dextran infusion were associated with increases in cardiac output and regional systolic shortening; however, regional lactate production also increased (P less than 0.05) despite an augmentation in LAD flow. In seven dogs mean arterial pressure increased by an average of 32 mm Hg during angiotensin infusion (0.2 to 0.4 mug/kg/min); LVEDP did not change but cardiac output decreased significantly. LAD artery flow improved markedly and lactate production shifted to extraction (P less than 0.05) while systolic shortening remained unchanged. When angiotensin was discontinued, lactate extraction worsened again. Thus, in the presence of a severe coronary stenosis, a primary increase in preload improves cardiac output but at the expense of aggravated ischemia. In contrast, a primary increase in afterload reduces cardiac output but may improve perfusion and lactate uptake of the ischemic myocardium.
Surfing the wave of misrepresented hospital death rates--a reticence of the well informed?
Authors: E. J. Will
Journal: BMJ (2013)

There seems to have been a reticence on the part of the well informed to establish an appropriate interpretation of the statistics of hospital mortality in the NHS after the Mid Staffs furore. Spiegelhalter goes a good way towards that understanding in his feature.1 The default has allowed a media and politicians’ field day in casting aspersions on NHS performance, with benefits to both media hyperbole and the …
Prostatic Contribution to Normal Serum Acid Phosphatase
Authors: D. Dow, R. H. Whitaker
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Total and tartrate-labile serum acid phosphatase levels were compared in patients with and without prostates, and in 12 patients before and after cystoprostatectomy. Absence of the prostate seems to make no significant difference to the levels of serum acid phosphatase. There is no justification for referring to the tartrate-labile serum acid phosphatase as "prostatic acid phosphatase." A substantial incidence of marginally raised levels of serum acid phosphatase in each group of patients suggests that the upper limit of normal for the total serum acid phosphatase should be taken as 5 K.A.u.
Scintillation Scanning in the Management of the Clinically Single Thyroid Nodule
Authors: Paul M. Meadows
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Scintillation scanning of the clinically single thyroid nodule before surgery can aid the preoperative detection of malignancy and other processes not likely to respond to medical therapy. Preoperative scintiscanning with radioactive iodine (I<sup>131</sup>) was carried out in 103 patients, each with a clinically single thyroid nodule, who came to surgery. On this basis, the nodule was classified as non-functional in 24 cases, and the incidence of carcinoma (14 cases, 58%) was highest in this group. It was lowest (2 cases, 5%) among the 43 patients with nodules classified as hypofunctional. This diagnostic aid makes it possible to limit treatment to medical therapy in at least half of patients with single thyroid nodules, with the expectation that surgery can be safely avoided in one quarter of the entire group.
Circumstances and Outcomes of Sudden Unexpected Death in Patients With High-Risk Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Siqin Ye, Matthew Grunnert, Jens Jakob Thune, Kent M. Stephenson, Hajime Uno, Peter V. Finn, John J.V. McMurray, Eric J. Velazquez, Robert Califf, Marc A. Pfeffer, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Sudden death (SD) is a frequent catastrophic complication in patients after myocardial infarction. Circumstances of SD may affect strategies for prevention. Methods and Results— We reviewed source documentation for 1067 patients who had SD in the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT) trial. We determined the circumstances of these events and assessed long-term mortality in patients who were resuscitated. Location of the SD event was available in 978 of 1067 patients, with 226 events occurring within the first 40 days. Although SD was more likely to occur at home (645 of 978, 66%) than in hospital (204 of 978, 21%), the proportion of in-hospital events was higher early on (99 of 226, 44%). Home events were less likely to be witnessed regardless of time frame. Preceding activity was known for 42% of patients with home arrest; of these, 52% were determined to be asleep at time of event, and these deaths were more likely to be unwitnessed. A majority of patients for whom initial ECG rhythm was reported had ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (189 of 283, 67%). Of the 155 patients successfully resuscitated, 24% subsequently received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Nineteen percent of those who received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator subsequently died compared with 49% of patients who did not receive an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (hazard ratio, 0.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.14 to 0.93; P =0.04). Conclusions— A high proportion of SD events after high-risk myocardial infarction occurred at home, but in-hospital events were more common early on. Patients who were asleep were more likely to have unwitnessed arrests. Alternative strategies for the prevention of SD in patients who are not candidates for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator will need to take into account the circumstances of SD events.
A multiple-level model of evolution and its implications for sociobiology
Authors: H. C. Plotkin, F. J. Odling-Smee
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1981)

Abstract The fundamental tenet of contemporary sociobiology, namely the assumption of a single process of evolution involving the selection of genes, is critically examined. An alternative multiple-level, multiple-process model of evolution is presented which posits that the primary process that operates via selection upon the genes cannot account for certain kinds of biological phenomena, especially complex, learned, social behaviours. The primary process has evolved subsidiary evolutionary levels and processes that act to bridge the gap between genes and these complex behaviours. The subsidiary levels are development, individual animal learning, and socioculture itself. It is argued that individual learning is pivotal to the derivation and biological analysis of culture. The differences between cultural and noncultural societies are stressed. It is concluded that such a multiple-level model of evolution can form the basis for reconciling opposing sides in the sociobiology debate.
Israeli doctors are arrested in investigation
Authors: Judy Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Four doctors at the Kaplan Medical Centre-Harzfeld Geriatric Hospital south of Tel Aviv were arrested and brought before the Tel Aviv magistrates' court on Monday 9 October. The arrests were made as part of an ongoing investigation by the national fraud squad into alleged illegal medical experiments they conducted between 2000 and 2003 on elderly patients, some of whom were in their 90s and had dementia.

Three of the four doctors have been named. They are Shmuel Levi, former director of Harzfeld Hospital and former …
BUPA and consultants over 70
Authors: R. G Faber
Journal: BMJ (1992)

and to change them by using a knowledge editor.The DILEMMA project, sponsored by the European Community, entails integrating this form of logical and qualitative decision support with a general practice computer program -the Oxford Primary Care Management System.We will use it to provide decision support on prescribing, the management of chronic diseases such as asthma and hyperlipidaemia, and screening for colorectal cancer.We also intend to use this method of decision support to facilitate shared care between hospitals and general practitioners, parti-., cularly in oncology.As these systems develop they will provide mo46 flexible and sensitive decision support than those based entirely on numerical probabilities.
How adaptive behavior is produced: a perceptual-motivational alternative to response reinforcements
Authors: Dalbir Bindra
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1978)

Abstract The sway that the response-reinforcement framework (Spencer, Thorndike, Hull, Skinner) has held on the behavioral sciences for nearly a hundred years is finally ending. The strength of this framework lay in providing concepts and methods for studying the effects of hedonic (reinforcing) stimuli on the repetition of specified responses acquired in instrumental training situations of various kinds. Its weakness lay in the invalidity of its central assumptions, stimulus-response association and response-reinforcement, which could not deal with motor-equivalence and flexibility (or “intelligence”) in behavior. To the four decades of incisive criticism on particular theoretical and empirical grounds, a more comprehensive challenge to the response-reinforcement framework is now added by the newer ideas about the nature of cognitive, motivational, and response-production processes that have emerged from the work of ethologists, neuroscientists, and cognitive psychologists. An alternative framework, incorporating the newer ideas, is clearly needed. The particular framework proposed here is based on the ideas of perceptual learning of stimulus-stimulus correlations and of a motivational (rather than reinforcing) role of hedonic (incentive) stimuli. According to it, an act is produced when its act-assembly is activated by a pexgo (perceptual representation) of a certain eliciting stimulus complex (ES). When certain eliciting stimuli are correlated with incentive stimuli, they acquire motivational properties that serve to strengthen the pexgos generated by those eliciting stimuli and thereby increase the probability of activation of the corresponding act-assemblies. Motivation thus influences response production, not by directly instigating “existing” responses, but by modulating the strength of pexgos of eliciting stimuli for the succession of acts that comprise a response. Therefore, a response is always constructed afresh on the basis of current perceptions; not even a stable and stereotyped response occurs as a mere activation of a preformed motor program. The topography of any response that emerges is determined by the nature of the motivational state and the momentary spatiotemporal distribution of eliciting stimuli of changing motivational valence. By suggesting that the animal learns the overlapping and nested correlations between the stimulus events that commonly occur in a given situation, and by separating what is learned from the processes of response production, the proposed perceptual-motivational framework seems capable of dealing with the problems of motor equivalence and flexibility in adaptive behavior. Some implications of this approach for further behavioral and brain research on such problems as behavior modification, learning by observation of models, analysis of causality, and search for neural substrates of learning and response production, are outlined.