tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Breast Cancer-Reply
Authors: J. Gershon-Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The measurements made by Dr. Egan are acceptable to us. It is obvious that an exposure of 1,800 ma. per second necessary to obtain a satisfactory roentgenogram of a breast with industrial x-ray film is 6 times greater than the 300 ma. per second required with nonscreen films. The comparative factor overlooked by us was the greater film target distance used by Dr. Egan. Correction for this one factor alone is sufficient to substantiate his measurements. It is a pleasure to note so little difference in exposure between the 2 techniques, although, for our purposes, we incline to use the smaller exposure factors when possible.
Routine Immunization with Orally Administered Attenuated Poliovirus
Authors: Joseph S. Pagano, Stanley A. Plotkin, Carl C. Janowsky, Suzanne M. Richardson, Hilary Koprowski
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In the United States, studies with living poliovirus vaccines have been conducted within institutions and families under ideal conditions. The present study explored the feasibility of early immunization of normal children living in a low-income area of an American city. Most of the 850 children 1 1/2 months to 6 years old entering the study were susceptible to poliomyelitis. One, two, or three types of vaccine given orally at monthly intervals yielded significant antibody responses in 93 to 100 % of children who had not yet lost maternal antibodies, and in 84 to 100% of children without antibodies. Although this was not an evaluation of vaccine safety, community surveillance was maintained; no case of poliomyelitis in Philadelphia occurred in a person vaccinated by this method or in his household. The vaccines were efficacious, according to serologic evidence, in conferring immunity to poliomyelitis.
Brunsting-Perry-type cicatricial pemphigoid with IgG autoantibodies to LAD-1
Authors: P. García-Martín, J. Fraga, T. Hashimoto, A. García-Diez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Brunsting–Perry‐type cicatricial pemphigoid with IgG autoantibodies to LAD‐1 Get access P. García‐Martín, P. García‐Martín Department of Dermatology Hospital Universitario de La Princesa C/Diego de León 62 28006 Madrid Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Fraga, J. Fraga Department of Pathology Hospital Universitario de La Princesa C/Diego de León 62 28006 Madrid Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Hashimoto, T. Hashimoto Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine Fukuoka Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. García‐Diez A. García‐Diez Department of Dermatology Hospital Universitario de La Princesa C/Diego de León 62 28006 Madrid Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 170, Issue 3, 1 March 2014, Pages 743–745, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12677 Published: 01 March 2014
New Data Suggest Needle Biopsies Could Replace Surgical Biopsy for Diagnosing Breast Cancer
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

ALTHOUGH SURGICAL biopsy is still regarded as the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of breast cancer, new evidence suggests that far less traumatic, costly, and disfiguring needle biopsy procedures may be as reliable. According to research reported at the American Cancer Society's 36th annual Science Writers Seminar, in Tucson, Ariz, a computerized system for analyzing cells obtained using fine needle aspiration (FNA) may not only provide accurate diagnosis of breast cancer, it also may provide reliable prognostic information without the need for axillary lymph node dissection during mastectomy. In addition, results of a large multicenter trial were reported at the 19th annual meeting of the Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, in San Diego, Calif, which suggest that percutaneous large-core breast biopsy may become the technique of choice for diagnosing most breast masses. <h3>Fine Needle Aspiration</h3> Surgical biopsies of breast masses usually involve the removal of a large sample of
Clinical Research in District Hospitals
Authors: V. J. Hartfield, T. O. Mulligan
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MD 601venereal disease, demand for abortions, or of battered babies?Of course there is need for agencies where birth control facilities can be obtained.The disadvantage of the "slot machine" provision of contraceptives or the old "buy me and stop one" principle is that they may prevent from seeking advice the very people who need it most.The real tragedies are due to ignorance, insecurity and the results of permissiveness, whether fashionable or not.The great need is for more opportunities for mature counsel- ling, and for responsible parenthood.We need far more experiments in how to provide services and support for those who are most in need; more health visitors and auxiliaries to identify families at risk before the baby is battered; and more experiments in how to train doctors and nurses who can provide these services.-Iam, etc.,
Ventricular septal defect after myocardial infarction: diagnosis by two-dimensional contrast echocardiography.
Authors: M Drobac, B Gilbert, R Howard, R Baigrie, H Rakowski
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Thirteen patients who had ventricular septal defects (VSDs) after myocardial infarction (MI) underwent two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo), with confirmation of the VSD by oximetry. Eight of the patients were male and five were female, ages 51-76 years. Five had anterior and eight inferior MIs. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed akinesis or dyskinesis of the interventricular septum (IVS) in all 13 patients. In only six could a defect in the IVS be directly visualized. Two-dimensional echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities correlated with ECG and angiographic site of infarction in all patients. Twelve patients had adequate saline contrast studies. Positive LV contrast (microbubbles entering the left ventricle through the VSD) was seen in 11 patients, and negative right ventricular (RV) contrast (washout of the RV bubbles by LV blood crossing the VSD) in five patients; at least one abnormality was present in every patient. The location of the VSD was determined by visualizing a VSD or by the site of the positive LV or negative RV contrast. Oximetry showed VSD shunts of 1.4:1 to 7:1, with no correlation between the degree of negative RV contrast and shunt size. Surgical or pathologic confirmation of VSD was obtained in 12 patients, with agreement of VSD location by 2-D echo in all. Four of the 11 patients who underwent surgical repair died, and two patients died before surgery could be attempted. We conclude tht 2-D echo is a sensitive, rapid and safe technique for diagnosing VSD after MI. Positive LV contrast, with or without negative RV contrast, is more sensitive in the diagnosis and localization of post-MI VSD than direct echocardiographic visualization of the defect.
Faith, Health, and Healing in African American Life
Authors: Lynn C. Smitherman
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immediate allergic and nonallergic reactions to Christmas and Easter cacti
Authors: F Andersen, C Bindslev‐Jensen, E Paulsen, KE Andersen, P Stahl Skov
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background: Occupational exposure to Christmas cacti has been reported as a cause of type I allergy. Therefore, the prevalence of immediate‐type mucosal and skin reactions related to cactus exposure was studied in 103 employees in a cactus nursery. Methods: The study was based on a questionnaire followed by clinical examination, skin prick tests (SPT) with standard inhalant allergens and cacti, and a histamine‐release test (HRT/Refix) using fresh cactus extracts as elicitor. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 84 (82%) of the nursery employees, and 63 (61%) were interviewed and skin prick tested; 58 of these were tested with HRT/Refix. Furthermore, 22 healthy controls were included and tested in vivo and in vitro . Cactus‐related contact urticaria and/or rhinoconjunctivitis were reported by 37% of the cactus workers. Based on a combination of positive history, positive SPT, and positive HRT/Refix to cactus, 8% of the cactus workers were allergic to cacti. No noncactus workers or controls were allergic to cacti by these criteria. Testing with fresh cactus material elicited positive SPT and negative HRT/Refix in 27 nursery workers and controls, of whom 12 had immediate‐type skin and mucosal symptoms. Conclusions: Christmas and Easter cacti seemed to be able to induce contact urticaria and rhinoconjunctivitis on both an immunologic and a nonimmunologic basis. Personal atopy was associated with positive reactions to cacti.
Arterial oxygenation time after an FIO2 increase in mechanically ventilated patients.
Authors: S A Sasse, M B Jaffe, P A Chen, K G Voelker, C K Mahutte
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The time for arterial PO2 to reach equilibrium after a 0.2 increase in the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) was studied, using arterial blood gases measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, and 11 min in 30 stable, mechanically ventilated medical intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Eight patients also underwent a 0.4 increase in FIO2. Each patient's rise in PO2 over time [PO2(t)] was fit to the following exponential equation: PO2(t) = PO2i + (PO2f-PO2i) (1-e-kt), where t refers to time, PO2i and PO2f refer to the initial and final equilibrated PO2. The time constant k and PO2f were determined by a nonlinear curve fitting technique. The 90% oxygenation times (t90%), defined as the time required to reach 90% of the final equilibrated PO2, were calculated. The mean t90% (+/- SD) was 6.0 (+/- 3.4) min for all patients (range 1.7 to 14.3 min); 7.1 +/- 2.1 min for 18 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 4.4 +/- 2.0 min for 12 patients without COPD (p < 0.05). In the subgroup of patients undergoing both an FIO2 increase of 0.2 and 0.4, there was no significant difference in the mean t90%'s for the two FIO2 changes (7.7 versus 7.7 min). We conclude that after a 0.2 or 0.4 increase of FIO3, a 15-min equilibration time period is adequate for 90% of the increase in PO2 to occur, in stable, mechanically ventilated medical ICU patients.
Antigen-induced Airway Inflammation in Atopic Subjects Generates Dysfunction of Pulmonary Surfactant
Authors: NIZAR N. JARJOUR, GORAN ENHORNING
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

If pulmonary surfactant develops a dysfunction, its ability to maintain patency of narrow conducting airways diminishes, which is likely to cause an increased airway resistance. We hypothesized that antigen challenge will cause inflammation in the conducting airways and that this will cause a surfactant dysfunction. Twenty atopic patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 5 min and 48 h after challenge with antigen in one segment and with saline solution in another. BAL fluid (BALF) cell count, differential, and proteins were determined. Surfactant function was studied with a capillary surfactometer (CS), an instrument specifically designed to evaluate surfactant's ability to maintain patency. Eosinophils increased 80-fold 48 h after antigen challenge and total protein increased from 84 to 241 μ g/ml (median values). BALF surfactant lost part of its ability to maintain openness of the capillary, from 68.8% to 14.0% (p < 0.05). Protein concentration negatively correlated with percent openness (r = − 0.62, p = 0.005). We conclude that the antigen challenge resulted in an inflammatory reaction that caused pulmonary surfactant to lose some of its ability to maintain airway patency and speculate that surfactant dysfunction is probably an important factor contributing to increased airway obstruction in allergen-induced exacerbation of asthma.
New study shows hexachlorophene is teratogenic in humans
Authors: W. Check
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sulphoxidation status in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: E A Murphy, R Madhok, H A Capell, R Waring, J A Hunter
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

baby girl was delivered (650 g; small for date: Apgar 4).Examination ofthe placenta disclosed focal decidual infarctions.The mother progressed well after birth, but although the baby was intensively treated, she died within a month owing to complications associated with rupture of the intestine.Anticardiolipin antibody (IgG) was retro- spectively determined by ELISA with or without the addition of fP2-GPI to the ELISA system.24The concentration of ACA with l-GPI increased from the 20th week of gestation when retardation of placental growth was noticed and the TAT concentration showed an extraordinary increase, whereas the level of ACA without N2-GPI remained within the normal range (figure).Furthermore, the level of thrombomodulin, which has been reported as a marker for endothelial cell injury,' increased from the 24th week of gestation.There were no remarkable changes in other serological data, except circulating immune complexes, which increased transiently during the 20th week of gestation.Thus ACA must be determined with the addition of li2-GPI.Furthermore, serial examination of TAT or thrombomodulin concentrations, or both, will provide additional information as to whether subclinical throm- botic conditions exist or not because ACA is not always associated with a pathological role9 and nor does a marked increase of ACA always induce thrombosis.
Recruitment of phagocytizing cells into the respiratory tract as a response to the cytotoxic action of deposited particles.
Authors: B A Katsnelson, L I Privalova
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Recruitment of phagocytizing cells into the lower respiratory tract plays a very important role in the pulmonary dust clearance, depending both on the number of particles deposited therein and on their aggressiveness. The higher cytotoxicity of the particles, the greater the number of such cells recruited and the higher the contribution of the neutrophilic leukocytes (NL) into the free cellular population of airways which normally is represented chiefly by alveolar macrophages (AM). Adaptation of the alveolar dust phagocytosis to properties of inhaled particles operates through autoregulation of this process in which a key role is played by macrophage breakdown products (PMB). A series of experiments in vitro and in vivo showed that PMB stimulate AM and NL, enhance their recruitment into airways with a dose-dependent increase of the NL/AM ratio, promote recruitment of their precursors via blood and replenishment of such precursor reserves. The most active factor of the PMB appears to be lipidic by nature. The variability between individuals and between groups of alveolar phagocytosis response to particles of a given cytotoxicity may be due to differences of the host's neurohormonal status. It was shown that influencing the latter significantly shifts response to a standard dose of the PMB.
Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of the KNOTTED class of plant homeodomain proteins
Authors: G. Bharathan, B. J. Janssen, E. A. Kellogg, N. Sinha
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1999)

Knotted-like (KNOX) proteins constitute a group of homeodomain proteins involved in pattern formation in developing tissues of angiosperms and other green plants. We conducted phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of all known KNOX proteins in order to examine their evolution. Our analyses reveal two groups of KNOX proteins, classes I and II. Dicot and monocot sequences occur in both classes, indicating that the protein classes arose prior to the origin of the monocots. A conifer (Picea) sequence is nested within class I, suggesting that there are likely to be other copies of KNOX genes in this and other conifers. The orthology of several grass genes (including Zea Kn1, ZMKN1) is strongly supported by phylogenetic and synteny analyses. However, no compelling evidence supports the hypothesis of orthology previously proposed for several dicot genes and ZMKN1. Analysis of expression patterns suggests that the ancestral KNOX gene was expressed in all plant parts and that the propensity to be downregulated in roots and leaves evolved in the class I genes.
Case 12-1982
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Presentation of Case A 71-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of lumbar pain. He was well until one month earlier, when torsion of the spine provoked severe pain in the lower portion of the back that radiated to the right lateral hip region, accompanied by urinary frequency. He was unable to walk because of the pain and was admitted to another hospital, where examination showed tenderness over the right side of the lumbosacral spine; no definite muscle weakness was noted. X-ray films of the lumbosacral spine revealed degenerative arthritic changes, with a pseudospondylolisthesis of the fourth lumbar vertebra . . .
Environmental and Health Atlas of Russia
Authors: M. Ryan
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ed in chief Murray Feshbach Centre for Post-Soviet Studies, 2 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 410, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA, $95, pp 500 ISBN 5-87664-053-0

Social reform in 19th century Britain owed much to the painstaking collection and analysis of statistical data about the adverse consequences which a free market economy had for working people and their families. In Soviet Russia, by contrast, it was generally impossible to criticise the state's strategies for social and economic development on the basis of published figures. Indeed the data served an essentially propaganda function until the …
Will you blossom in public health medicine?
Authors: D. Pencheon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Public health medicine is the medical specialty devoted to improving health in populations rather than treating illnesses in individuals. The specialty has always had a profound impact on the health of the population in the UK, particularly at the turn of the last century. It continues to have an important effect both within health care and on the other (often more important) determinants of health, such as housing, employment, and the environment.

In Britain most public health physicians work for health authorities, health boards or their equivalent, in the communicable diseases centres, or in the armed forces. An increasing number work, either part or full time, in trusts or in primary care, and some work outside the health service-where, after all, most health is won or lost-in local government, a relationship which dates back into the 19th century.

Public health physicians tend to be subdivided into those who are consultants in communicable disease control (CCDC) or their equivalents full time and the majority who are involved in wider health care strategy, and who only get involved in communicable disease control work when on call. Although it is easy to recognise, for example, surgeons, by looking at what they do in a day, the range of professional activities with which public health physicians are associated is much broader. Some provide the medical input into the strategic decision making of health authorities. Others spend much of their time identifying those areas of health care that can be improved, either in making the health service more effective, more efficient and more equitable, or more widely in the field of health promotion. Understandably the …
Trends of Antibiotic Use In the United States
Authors: Roy N. Barnett
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As quoted from<i>AMA Drug Evaluations:</i> Sensitivity studies are not usually employed when microscopic examination of a smear indicates that the causative organism is a pneumococcus, meningococcus, gonococcus, treponema, or group A β-hemolytic streptococcus, but they should be made when the organism is a staphylococcus or enterococcus. I admire the talents of whoever wrote this as a microscopist, but the rest of us require cultures rather than smears to identify group A β-hemolytic streptococci and enterococci. Additionally, when staphylococci or pneumococci are present in mixed smears, for example, sputum, they are very difficult to distinguish from other Gram-positive cocci. Proper organism identification is a prerequisite for proper choice of antibiotics.
F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in a Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas Mimicking Malignancy
Authors: Kotaro Shimada, Yuji Nakamoto, Hiroyoshi Isoda, Yoji Maetani, Rikiya Yamashita, Shigeki Arizono, Yuusuke Hirokawa, Takashi Nitta, Ryuichiro Doi, Hironori Haga, Kaori Togashi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs), predominantly affecting young women, are rare pancreatic tumors. It is reported that imaging features of SPT are solid and cystic components, and there is intratumoral hemorrhage and calcification. However, findings of positron emission tomography (PET) using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) with pathologic correlation have not been fully evaluated. We present a case of SPT that mimicked malignancy on FDG-PET.