tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TREATMENT OF FRACTURES OF THE LOWER END OF THE RADIUS.
Authors: CARL BECK
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The modus operandi of reduction in fracture of the lower radial end depends, as in all fractures, on the type of displacement. In the majority of cases the fragment is directed upward so that there is a dorsal prominence. The joint not being concerned in such cases, generally called typical Colles' fractures, the shape of the deformed wrist resembles that of a bayonet or a fork. The Roentgen rays have shown, however, that the upward displacement, as a rule, is associated with sideward displacement, generally in the outward direction, causing radial inversion and consequently slight shortening of the radial axis. In such cases the clinical diagnosis is not difficult. The lower fragment pushes toward the dorsum, at which a prominence is seen, near the wrist, corresponding to a groove at the site of the upper end of the fragment. The upper (diaphyseal) fragment presses against the flexors, producing a prominence
Parathyroid hormonelike protein from human renal carcinoma cells. Structural and functional homology with parathyroid hormone.
Authors: G J Strewler, P H Stern, J W Jacobs, J Eveloff, R F Klein, S C Leung, M Rosenblatt, R A Nissenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

A variety of solid tumors secrete proteins that are immunochemically distinct from parathyroid hormone (PTH) but activate PTH-responsive adenylate cyclase. Such PTH-like proteins have been proposed as mediators of the hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia frequently associated with malignancies. We purified to apparent homogeneity a PTH-like protein with a molecular weight of 6,000, that is produced by human renal carcinoma cells. The amino-terminal sequence of the PTH-like protein and that of human PTH were found to display at least five identities in the first 13 positions. The purified protein bound to PTH receptors, activated adenylate cyclase in renal plasma membranes, and stimulated cAMP formation in rat osteosarcoma cells. The PTH-like protein reproduced two additional effects of PTH, stimulation of bone resorption in fetal rat limb bone cultures and inhibition of phosphate uptake in cultured opossum kidney cells. These properties are consistent with a role for PTH-like proteins as mediators of the syndrome of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Effects of Glutamine on Glycemic Control During and After Exercise in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Nelly Mauras, Dongyuan Xing, Larry A. Fox, Kim Englert, Dominique Darmaun
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE To investigate if oral glutamine ameliorates exercise and postexercise nighttime hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten adolescents (15.2 ± 1.4 years [SD], A1C 6.9 ± 0.9%) on insulin pumps were studied. The subjects were randomized to receive a glutamine or placebo drink pre-exercise and at bedtime (0.25 g/kg/dose). A 3:00 p.m. exercise session consisted of four 15-min treadmill/5-min rest cycles. Pre-exercise blood glucose was 140–150 mg/dl and was monitored throughout the night. Studies were randomized crossover over 3 weeks. RESULTS Blood glucose levels dropped comparably (52%) during exercise on both days. However, the overnight number of hypoglycemic events was higher on glutamine than placebo (≤70 mg/dl, P = 0.03 and ≤60, P = 0.05). The cumulative probability of nighttime hypoglycemia was increased on glutamine days (80%) versus placebo days (50%) (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Glutamine increased the cumulative probability of postexercise overnight hypoglycemia compared with placebo in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Whether glutamine may enhance insulin sensitivity postexercise requires further study in type 1 diabetes.
Physical efficiency tests in Indian urban adolescent boys and girls.
Authors: A. K. De, P. Debnath, J. Nagchaudhuri
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1979)

Simple anthropometric measurements and physical efficiency tests were performed on adolescent Indian urban boys between 10-14 years and girls between 11-14 years of age. The similar height and weight of the subjects of both sexes were observed and was suggestive of higher growth rate in girls than the boys during only the initial phase of adolescent growth spurt. The vital capacity (total, ml/cm of height, l/m2 of surface area), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (total, l/cm of height, l/kg of weight, l/m2 of surface area, l/year of age) and grip strength were observed to be insignificantly different between the sexes.
Diseases of the Breast
Authors: Susan M. Love
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This classic textbook has been updated and revised in a third edition. It remains essentially single authored and as such presents the unique viewpoint of a man who has dedicated his life to the careful and meticulous surgical-pathological study of breast diseases. Haagensen can rightfully claim to have been the first to propose breast self-examination; to suggest that lobular neoplasia wasn't actually carcinoma; to disparage the concept of fibrocystic disease; to classify breast cancers according to size, clinical findings, and nodal status; and to establish a breast unit where statistics and data could be maintained and analyzed (only 13 of his private cancer patients have been lost during follow-up over 47 years). This new edition is the fruit of these labors and as such stands as a powerful tribute to his life's work.  Most chapters have been either rewritten or updated to include more follow-up data and many illustrative case
THE INCREASE OF INSANITY IN THE UNITED STATES —ITS CAUSES AND SOURCES.
Authors: FOSTER PRATT
Journal: JAMA (1883)

(Read to the American Public Health Association, Nov. 15, 1883) The increase of population necessarily increases the aggregate of insane. The important question, and the one mainly to be discussed, is this: Does insanity increase faster,<i>in proportion</i>, than does the population? The facts, on which the following discussion is based, are taken mainly from the census of 1880, in connection with that of 1850, 1860 and 1870. The reports of the number of insane in the preceding decades are known to be defective in their aggregates, but whatever error there is in the total, the error is fairly and proportionately distributed between the several classes of population, and to this extent they may be used as standards of comparison. The census of 1880, manifestly the fullest and most accurate ever made by our Government, is itself defective; while it makes manifest the increased ratio of insane to population, it
Endothelin-1 and -3 plasma concentrations in patients with cirrhosis: Role of splanchnic and renal passage and liver function†
Authors: Alexander L. Gerbes, Søren Møller, Veit Gülberg, Jens H. Henriksen
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Increased as well as decreased plasma concentrations of the endothelins, endogenous vasoactive peptides, have been reported in cirrhosis. This might be caused by alterations of hepatic or renal clearance or release. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of splanchnic and renal passage and of liver function on plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and endothelin-3 (ET-3) in patients with cirrhosis compared with controls. Eighteen patients with cirrhosis and 8 normotensive controls of similar age were investigated. Arterial and venous plasma samples were obtained simultaneously, and ET-1 and ET-3 concentrations were determined in extracted plasma by two separate radioimmunoassays. Arterial as well as hepatic and renal venous concentrations of ET-1 in cirrhosis (17.8 +/- 0.8 pg/mL, 19.1 +/- 0.9 pg/mL, and 16.8 +/- 0.8 pg/mL) were significantly (P < .001) higher than in controls (9.2 +/- 1.7 pg/mL, 9.0 +/- 2.0 pg/mL, and 8.4 +/- 1.9 pg/mL, respectively). The same held true for the corresponding ET-3 plasma concentrations in cirrhosis (19.3 +/- 1.6 pg/mL, 20.5 +/- 1.5 pg/mL, and 18.4 +/- 1.5 pg/mL, respectively) compared with controls (11.1 +/- 1.8 pg/mL, 11.3 +/- 1.5 pg/mL, and 10.1 +/- 1.7 pg/mL, respectively; P < .01). There was a significant (P < .05) renal net extraction of ET-1 and ET-3 in cirrhosis. In contrast, a significant (P < .05) net release of ET-1 and ET-3 (2.40 +/- 0.80 ng/min and 1.75 +/- 1.16 ng/min) during splanchnic passage was observed in cirrhosis, but not in controls (-0.24 +/- 0.51 ng/min, and -0.46 +/- 0.64 ng/min).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
How do we get from propositions to behavior?
Authors: Daniel A. Sternberg, James L. McClelland
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Mitchell et al. describe many fascinating studies, and in the process, propose what they consider to be a unified framework for human learning in which effortful, controlled learning results in propositional knowledge. However, it is unclear how any of their findings privilege a propositional account, and we remain concerned that embedding all knowledge in propositional representations obscures the tight interdependence between learning from experiences and the use of the results of learning as a basis for action.
Two Cases of Fractured Esophageal Nitinol Stents
Authors: R. Schoefl, F. Winkelbauer, M. Haefner, R. Poetzi, A. Gangl, J. Lammer
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

We report here on two cases of fractured nitinol stents in the esophagus. In case 1, the correctly inserted stent broke spontaneously shortly after insertion. In a second case, a nitinol stent broke after laser application due to tumor ingrowth with massive bleeding. In both cases, a second stent was implanted in order to reestablish food passage.
Is the Fat Still in the Fire?
Authors: Burton E. Sobel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

The comments of Greenfield et al. (1) in this issue of Diabetes Care regarding the recent editorial entitled “Coronary Disease in Type 1 Diabetes: Causal Contiguity and Clinical Implications” (2) are most appreciated. What was stated in the editorial regarding insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes is found in the following paragraph: “On purely statistical grounds, one would anticipate insulin resistance in many people with type 1 diabetes. In addition, however, intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes appears to increase central obesity. In fact, it has been noted that ‘insulin treatment …
REGISTRATION BUREAU FOR POSITIONS IN FUNDAMENTAL SCIENCES
Authors: C. W. Edmunds
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, comprising the sciences of physiology, biologic chemistry, pharmacology and experimental pathology, has maintained for some years a central office from which information may be obtained by men who are looking for positions in these sciences, or by institutions looking for individuals to fill vacant positions. Persons, whether members of the federation or not, and institutions desiring to avail themselves of this service, may do so at any time. Dr. E. D. Brown of the University of Minnesota, who has been secretary of this information bureau since its organization, has recently resigned, and I have taken over the direction of this work. Quite a number of communications have been received from both men and institutions, which would indicate that such a bureau has a considerable sphere of usefulness. Letters may be addressed to the director of the bureau.
Dermatologic Allergy: Immunology, Diagnosis, Management
Authors: Walter B. Shelley
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Any serious student of dermatology should see his library grow a book a month. This month the book is Criep's splendid new<i>Dermatologic Allergy</i>. It has an assured welcome as the first text in the field in over a generation. It will be further welcomed as an authoritative compendium of modern dermato-immunology, viewed by a distinguished allergist and his colleagues. Clinically oriented, it offers much to the physician who is concerned with either the impact of the allergic reaction on the skin or the knowledge of allergy which can be derived from a study of the skin. Over half of the text has been written by Criep, who has achieved a direct clear presentation of the facts and concepts of modern immunology which are often obscure to the practicing clinician. An excellent back-up list of<i>titled</i>references lures the reader to the library. Sections of special appeal include chapters on
Traumatic rupture of the oesophagus and stomach
Authors: D. R. Craddock, A. Logan, M. Mayell
Journal: Thorax (1968)

Thirty-nine cases of traumatic perforation of the oesophagus or stomach have been studied. Thirty-two of the perforations followed oesphagoscopy, five were `spontaneous,9 and two were due to damage by a foreign body. Eight of the perforations occurred in the cervical oesophagus, 22 in the thoracic portion, and nine were in either the abdominal oesophagus or the stomach. Treatment was of two types—either operative closure of the perforation or a conservative routine of intravenous fluids, parenteral antibiotics, and cessation of oral feeding. In some patients treated conservatively, drainage procedures were also carried out. Five patients with terminal carcinoma, in whom oesophageal intubation after prolonged dysphagia caused perforation, had no treatment apart from analgesics and sedatives. Several of the patients treated by surgical closure had a concurrent definitive operation (resection of carcinoma in four cases and myotomy for achalasia in two cases). Fourteen of the 21 patients treated by repair or resection of the perforation survived. Ten of the 13 treated conservatively also survived. The good results of conservative treatment for cervical perforations appear to make it the treatment of choice. Only an occasional case of thoracic perforation is suitable for conservative treatment, and as a general rule perforations in this area and in the peritoneal cavity should be treated surgically.
Decholin-Sodium in Cholecystography
Authors: I. R. JANKELSON, W. S. ALTMAN
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1932)

IN a previous communication (1) the authors have shown that, with the aid of decholin-sodium, a satisfactory gall-bladder shadow may be obtained within three hours after the intravenous administration, or five hours after the oral administration of tetraiodophenolphthalein. Decholin-sodium can also be used safely according to the technic described in order to enlarge the gall-bladder shadow produced by tetraiodophenolphthalein. In the absence of serious liver pathology, failure to demonstrate increase in size of the gall-bladder outline within 45 minutes after administration of decholin-sodium is evidence that the gall bladder has lost its normal capacity to enlarge with the ingress of bile. The present communication is an analysis of 98 consecutive cases of cholecystography with the aid of decholin-sodium. The technic used is as follows: The evening preceding the roentgen examination, the patient is given a light meal and two hours later the dye (tetraiodophenolphthalein) is given by mouth. If the patien...
White adipose tissue overproduces the lipid-mobilizing factor zinc α2-glycoprotein in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Caroline C. Pelletier, Laetitia Koppe, Marine L. Croze, Emilie Kalbacher, Roxane E. Vella, Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher, Alain Géloën, Lionel Badet, Denis Fouque, Christophe O. Soulage
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
1043-42 A comparison of the effect of eptifibatide plus heparin versus bivalirudin on thrombin generation and clot lysis in patients undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Larry B Spiotta, Mary V Jacoski, Melanie M White, Shila Cholera, Kay Sims, Lisa K Jennings
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Many South Asian people probably need pre-diabetes care
Authors: R Bhopal
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—In their editorial Venkat Narayan et al make a case for the American Diabetes Association's recommendation to screen for pre-diabetes in people over 45.1 Pre-diabetes is defined as either impaired glucose tolerance (two hour glucose concentration 7.8-11 mmol/l after a glucose load) or an impaired fasting glucose concentration of 6.1-6.9 mmol/l. Those screening positive are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes and therefore would be counselled on weight loss and increasing physical activity.

This recommendation has profound implications for the health care of South Asian populations originating in …
Interaction of sulfonamide and sulfone compounds with Toxoplasma gondii dihydropteroate synthase.
Authors: C J Allegra, D Boarman, J A Kovacs, P Morrison, J Beaver, B A Chabner, H Masur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Toxoplasma gondii is a common protozoan disease that often causes life-threatening disease, particularly among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This study demonstrates that the dihydropteroate synthase in T. gondii is kinetically distinct from the enzyme characterized from other sources and can be highly purified with a high yield using sequential dye-affinity chromatography. Conditions have been identified that allow for stabilization of the purified enzyme, and its physical characteristics have been elucidated. The molecular weight of the native protein was 125,000 and the protein appeared to contain both dihydropteroate synthase and 6-hydroxymethyl-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase activities. The sulfonamide class of compounds vary in inhibitory potency by more than three orders of magnitude. Sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethazine, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50's) of 1.7, 2.7, and 5.7 microM, respectively, represent the most potent of this class of inhibitors. Several sulfone analogues, including dapsone, were identified as highly potent inhibitors with IC50's less than 1 microM. The results of these cell-free experiments were corroborated by investigating the metabolic inhibition produced by the various inhibitors in intact organisms. The qualitative and quantitative relations among the inhibitors were preserved in both the cell-free and intact cell assay systems. These studies suggest that the sulfones may be important therapeutic agents for the treatment of toxoplasmosis.
Care of Adolescent Patients
Authors: Garry Sigman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 September 1989Care of Adolescent PatientsGarry Sigman, MD, John La Puma, MDGarry Sigman, MDSearch for more papers by this author, John La Puma, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-6-541_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: We were pleased with the ACP position paper concerning adolescent health care (1) because it provided a formal agenda for improving the medical care of adolescents. We believe that three areas targeted for improvement should be emphasized: developmental assessment, medical ethics, and health maintenance in adolescent care.Assessment of the biological and psychological development and maturation of adolescent patients is a necessity for diagnosis and treatment. One adolescent is not like another; indeed, the most consistent feature of adolescent development is variability, both among adolescents and within the same individual as he or she progresses through the...References1. . Health care needs of the adolescent. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:930-55. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Orr D and Ingersoll G. Adolescent development: a bio-psychosocial review. Curr Prob Pediatr. 1988;18:441-99. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. Slap G. Normal physiologic and psychosocial growth in the adolescent. J Adolesc Health Care. 1986;7:13S-23S. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Screening for drugs of abuse in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 1987;84:396-8. Google Scholar5. Marks A and Fisher M. Health assessment and screening during adolescence. Pediatrics. 1987;80:135-58. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Garry Sigman, MD; John La Puma, MDAffiliations: Lutheran General Hospital Park Ridge, IL 60068 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1989Volume 111, Issue 6 Page: 541-542 Keywords Adolescents Bioethics Health care Medical ethics Patients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 September 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
New Device for Closure of Muscular Ventricular Septal Defects in a Canine Model
Authors: Zahid Amin, Xiaoping Gu, James M. Berry, John L. Bass, Jack L. Titus, Myra Urness, Young-Min Han, Kurt Amplatz
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Repair of muscular ventricular septal defects (MVSDs) has always been challenging to the surgeon. Long-term morbidity and mortality are significantly increased if the defects are closed via left ventriculotomy or if they are associated with other complex congenital anomalies. The purpose of this study was to close MVSDs with the Amplatz ventricular septal defect device. This device is constructed from 0.004-in nitinol wire mesh filled with polyester fibers. It is retrievable, repositionable, self-centering, and of low profile. Methods and Results —MVSDs were created with the help of a sharp punch in 10 dogs. The location of the defects was anterior muscular (n=3), midmuscular (n=3), apical (n=3), and inlet muscular (n=1). The diameter of the defects ranged from 6 to 14 mm. All defects were closed in the catheterization laboratory. The device was placed with the help of transesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopy. A 7F sheath was used to deploy the device from the right ventricular side in 8 and the left ventricular side in 2 dogs. Placement was successful in all animals. The complete closure rate was 30% (3/10) immediately after placement and 100% at 1-week follow-up. Pathological examination of the heart revealed complete endothelialization of the device in dogs killed after 3 months. Conclusions —The Amplatz ventricular septal defect device appears highly efficacious in closing MVSDs. The advantages include a small delivery sheath, complete retrievability before release, and the fact that it is self-centering and self-expanding, thereby making it an attractive option in smaller children.
Prolapse of the Rectum in Women
Authors: H. Chapple
Journal: BMJ (1945)

31: N.A.B., 0.15 g.On transfer the patient was in coma, with the eyes wide open and face congested.There were spontaneous movements of both upper limbs.No neck rigidity.Pupils were equal, central, and reacting to light.Fundus examination showed blurring of the disks, more marked on the left, with congestion of the veins.Deep reflexes present; superficial reflexes absent; ankle clonus present; plantars flexor.There was a macular rash all over the body.Temperature 101.8'F. Heart, lungs, and abdomen: N.A.D. C.S.F.: Pressure, 70 mm. of water; fluid clear; chemically normal.W.B.C., 5,600/c.mm.-polymorphs 75%, lymphocytes 24%, monocytes nil, eosinophils 1%.Treatment was given as in the previous cases, and on the following day (Sept.2) he was still in coma.Plantars indefinite.In the evening the patient became irritable and resented examination.The plantars became extensor.On Sept. 3 he was conscious but dazed.He answered to his name, but still resented examination.Plantars flexor.On Sept. 4 the patient was fully conscious, and thereafter convalescence proceeded normally.
CONGENITAL SYPHILITIC DEAFNESS TREATED BY SALVARSAN
Authors: G. N. Biggs
Journal: BMJ (1912)

CONGENITAL SYPHILITIC DEAPNESS.TAUG.'I7,-1912.passes off without giving rise to symptoms.It may, however, be attended with real danger.as the following case shows, for the notes of which I am indebted to the House-Surgeon, Mr. Tatlowv: V. S., aged 19; 1,350 c.cm. of 0.75 per cent.solution injected.The patient was operated upon in the morning for iinguinal hernia, the adlministration of the anaesthetic ceasing at about 10 a.m.OIn his return to the ward from the theatre it was