tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Experimental and/or genetically controlled alterations of the renal microsomal cytochrome P450 epoxygenase induce hypertension in rats fed a high salt diet.
Authors: K Makita, K Takahashi, A Karara, H R Jacobson, J R Falck, J H Capdevila
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Excess dietary salt induces a cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid epoxygenase isoform in rat kidneys (Capdevila, J. H., S. Wei, J. Yang, A. Karara, H. R. Jacobson, J. R. Falck, F. P. Guengerich, and R. N. Dubois. 1992. J. Biol. Chem. 267:21720-21726). Treatment of rats on a high salt diet with the epoxygenase inhibitor, clotrimazole, produces significant increases in mean arterial blood pressure (122 +/- 2 and 145 +/- 4 mmHg for salt and salt- and clotrimazole-treated rats, respectively). The salt- and clotrimazole-dependent hypertension is accompanied by reductions in the urinary excretion of epoxygenase metabolites and by a selective inhibition of the renal microsomal epoxygenase reaction. The prohypertensive effects of clotrimazole are readily reversed when either the salt or clotrimazole treatment is discontinued. The indication that a salt-inducible renal epoxygenase protects against hypertension, are supported by studies with the Dahl rat model of genetic salt-sensitive hypertension. Dahl resistant animals responded to excess dietary salt by inducing the activity of their kidney microsomal epoxygenase(s) (0.102 +/- 0.01 and 0.240 +/- 0.04 nmol of products formed/min per mg of microsomal protein for control and salt-treated rats, respectively). Despite severe hypertension during excess dietary salt intake (200 +/- 20 mmHg), Dahl salt-sensitive rats demonstrated no increase in renal epoxygenase activity. These studies indicate that acquired or inherited abnormalities in renal epoxygenase activities and/or regulation can be related to salt-sensitive hypertension in rodents. Studies on the human renal epoxygenase and its relationship to salt hypertension may prove useful.
THE LANGUAGE OF MEDICINE-Reply
Authors: I. G. Frohman
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The word "disintegrate" was chosen because it describes better exactly the unusual occurrence that took place. I am certain that no sodium morrhuate previously entered the tissues. Earlier injections in the same patient were uniformly successful. The small vein in question was about one-half by one-eighth inch in dimensions. Aspiration gave blood and the injection proceeded slowly as the vein swelled with the fluid. Suddenly the vessel just disappeared and the blood-colored liquid was free in the surrounding tissues. The patient screamed with pain and would allow no subsequent injection in the area to dilute and anesthesize. A slough later followed, which was very slow to heal. The patient, who is of a hysterical make up, complained for weeks of intense and agonizing pain. She will allow no surgical treatment or pressure bandage but insists on ointments of varying types. Because of the long-standing pain, I have
Isolated multiple congenital epithelioid blue naevus
Authors: C. Iglesias, A. Torrelo, I. Colmenero, I.G. Mediero, A. Zambrano, L. Requena
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Isolated multiple congenital epithelioid blue naevus Get access British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 2, 1 February 2005, Pages 391–393, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06362.x Published: 01 February 2005
A Woman's Eyes
Authors: Carl M. Voyles
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With the Edwards SAPIEN Versus the Medtronic CoreValve Revalving System Devices
Authors: Alaide Chieffo, Gill Louise Buchanan, Nicolas M. Van Mieghem, Didier Tchetche, Nicolas Dumonteil, Azeem Latib, Robert M.A. van der Boon, Olivier Vahdat, Bertrand Marcheix, Bruno Farah, Patrick W. Serruys, Jean Fajadet, Didier Carrié, Peter P.T. de Jaegere, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A preliminary report of a vascular abnormality occurring in men engaged in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride
Authors: Anne E. Walker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Journal Article A preliminary report of a vascular abnormality occurring in men engaged in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride Get access Anne E. Walker Anne E. Walker Chesterfield and the United Sheffield Hospitals Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 93, Issue s11, 1 July 1975, Pages 22–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb06772.x Published: 01 July 1975
Long-term ACE Inhibition Doubles Lifespan of Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Wolfgang Linz, Timm Jessen, Reinhard H. A. Becker, Bernward A. Schölkens, Gabriele Wiemer
Journal: Circulation (1997)

We compared the outcome of lifelong treatment with the ACE inhibitor ramipril in young prehypertensive stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP) and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Ramipril was given in an antihypertensive and subantihypertensive dose. In addition to the primary end point, lifespan, surrogate parameters such as cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac function and metabolism, and endothelial function were studied.One-month-old SHR-SP and WKY rats, 135 of each, were randomized into 3 groups. Each group was treated via drinking water with an antihypertensive high dose of ramipril (HRA, 1 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), a nonantihypertensive low dose of ramipril (LRA, 10 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), or placebo. Body weight and blood pressure were determined every 3 months. Molecular, biochemical, and functional data were assessed in SHR-SP and WKY rats after 15 and 30 months, respectively. These were the times when approximately 80% of the corresponding placebo group had died. Early-onset long-term ACE inhibition with HRA doubled lifespan to 30 months in SHR-SP, which was identical to the lifespan of placebo-treated normotensive WKY rats. LRA treatment prolonged lifespan from 15 to 18 months. In SHR-SP, left ventricular hypertrophy was completely prevented by HRA but not by LRA treatment. Cardiac function and metabolism as well as endothelial function were significantly improved by both doses of ramipril. Carotid expression of endothelial NO synthase was moderately enhanced, whereas cardiac ACE expression and activity were decreased to values of placebo-treated WKY rats.Lifelong ACE inhibition doubles lifespan in SHR-SP, matching that of normotensive WKY rats. This effect correlated with preservation of endothelial function, cardiac function/size, and metabolism. Thus, these data predict a beneficial outcome on survival in high-risk patients with hypertension and associated cardiovascular diseases by ACE inhibition.
Urolithiasis and the Protease Inhibitor Indinavir
Authors: Jean-Fran&ccedil;ois Hermieu, Marie-H&eacute;l&egrave;ne Pr&eacute;vot, Vincent Ravery, Louis Sauty, Franck Moulinier, Vincent Delmas, Elisabeth Bouvet, Laurent Boccon-Gibod
Journal: European Urology (1999)
NT-PROBNP IN ACUTE DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE: FINDINGS FROM THE ASCEND-HF STUDY
Authors: Richard W. Troughton, Amy Hsu, Michael Felker, Adrian Hernandez, Javed Butler, Adriaan Voors, Stefan Anker, Marco Metra, John McMurray, Barry Massie, Justin Ezekowitz, Robert Califf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Tracheobronchial amyloidosis: evidence for local B-cell clonal expansion: Figure 1–
Authors: R. Borie, C. Danel, V. Molinier-Frenkel, G. Prevot, G. Deslee, M.P. Debray, M.H. Delfau-Larue, B. Crestani
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

also useful and we frequently make use of them for such cases, although as demonstrated in this and other series [7], they are not entirely reliable due to false positives, and their results should be considered carefully in light of other clinical and radiological findings.
Serological diagnosis of typhoid fever by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
Authors: R S Tsang, P Y Chau
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The sensitivity and specificity of counterimmunoelectrophoresis using three antigenic preparations obtained from Salmonella typhi were compared with those of the Widal test in the serological diagnosis of typhoid fever. A veronal buffer extract yielded precipitation lines against 50 (96%) out of 52 sera collected from patients with typhoid but against none out of 62 sera obtained from control subjects who did not have typhoid. Less satisfactory results were obtained by counterimmunoelectrophoresis when two other preparations, a protein extract (Barber antigen) and an ultrasonic lysate, were used as the antigens. By Widal test the rate of detection in patients9 sera was 73% and the false-positive rate for control sera 16%. It is concluded that in an area where typhoid is endemic counterimmunoelectrophoresis using veronal buffer extract as the antigen is superior to the Widal test for serological diagnosis of typhoid fever. An additional advantage of counterimmunoelectrophoresis is that results may be obtained on the same day that the serum specimens are received.
Lectin complement pathway gene profile of donor and recipient determine the risk of bacterial infections after orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Bert-Jan F. de Rooij, Bart van Hoek, Rogier W. ten Hove, Anja Roos, Lee H. Bouwman, Alexander F. Schaapherder, Robert J. Porte, Mohamed R. Daha, Johan J. van der Reijden, Minneke J. Coenraad, Jan Ringers, Andrzej G. Baranski, Bouke G. Hepkema, Daniel W. Hommes, Hein W. Verspaget
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Infectious complications after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are a major clinical problem. The lectin pathway of complement activation is liver-derived and a crucial effector of the innate immune defense against pathogens. Polymorphisms in lectin pathway genes determine their functional activity. We assessed the relationship between these polymorphic genes and clinically significant bacterial infections, i.e., sepsis, pneumonia, and intra-abdominal infection, and mortality within the first year after OLT, in relation to major risk factors in two cohorts from different transplant centers. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the mannose-binding lectin gene ( MBL2 ), the ficolin-2 gene ( FCN2 ), and the MBL-associated serine protease gene ( MASP2 ) of recipients and donors were determined. Recipients receiving a donor liver in the principal cohort with polymorphisms in all three components i.e., MBL2 (XA/O; O/O), FCN2 +6359T, and MASP2 +371A, had a cumulative risk of an infection of 75% as compared to 18% with wild-type donor livers ( P = 0.002), an observation confirmed in the second cohort ( P = 0.04). In addition, a genetic (mis)match between donor and recipient conferred a two-fold higher infection risk for each separate gene. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed a stepwise increase in infection risk with the lectin pathway gene profile of the donor (hazard ratio = 4.52; P = 8.1 × 10−6) and the donor-recipient (mis)match genotype (hazard ratio = 6.41; P = 1.9 × 10−7), independent from the other risk factors sex and antibiotic prophylaxis (hazard ratio &gt; 1.7 and P &lt; 0.02). Moreover, patients with a lectin pathway gene polymorphism and infection had a six-fold higher mortality ( P = 0.9 × 10−8), of which 80% was infection-related. Conclusion: Donor and recipient gene polymorphisms in the lectin complement pathway are major determinants of the risk of clinically significant bacterial infection and mortality after OLT.
Cardiac Risk Classification Based on Lipid Screening
Authors: Richard Belsey
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The National Cholesterol Education Program, a consortium of public and private groups created by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, has advised all Americans to "know your cholesterol number" so they can take steps to reduce their risk of coronary artery disease. The recommendations of the Adult Treatment Panel of the National Cholesterol Education Program is that total cholesterol levels of less than 5.17 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of less than 3.36 mmol/L (130 mg/dL) are "desirable," while levels of 6.21 mmol/L (240 mg/dL) and 4.13 mmol/L (160 mg/dL) or more, respectively, are "high," carrying with them an increased risk of coronary artery disease.<sup>1</sup>Values that fall between these two limiting values are considered to be "borderline-high." Given the important role of cholesterol testing in the prevention and management of coronary heart disease, the National Cholesterol Education Program regards it as important that clinical
Chinese migrant workers are vulnerable to abortion risks, expert says
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Young single migrant women in China lack knowledge of reproductive health, cannot easily access contraception, and are at high risk of infertility and other complications associated with abortion, says Cheng Linan, director of the Center for Clinical Research and Training at the Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood.

Under China’s one child policy, the network of family planning services is generally very strong, especially in the countryside, and all major types of contraception are available free of charge. “However, when women move to the big cities they don’t know who to ask for help and …
The Selection of Residents-Reply
Authors: Robert J. McCollister
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In Reply.  —I commend Dr Deutsch on his enlightened approach to evaluation of the credentials of applicants to his program in ophthalmology and on his use of NBME scores to supplement or corroborate other information. However, I do not share his optimistic view that everyone realizes the interrelationship between NBME test scores and election to Alpha Omega Alpha. Whether there is a relationship between board scores, preclinical grades, and clerkships has been debated, but as Dr Deutsch points out each is at least partly independent of NBME results. Thousands of faculty will welcome his statement that NBME scores serve to corroborate faculty evaluations. For that I applaud him! However, we must continue to be concerned that NBME scores alone are used to determine who is called for an interview, itself a key indicator of an applicant who remains a viable candidate for the highly competitive specialties.  I agree with Dr
Early Induction of Cyclin D2 Expression in Phorbol Ester–responsive B-1 Lymphocytes
Authors: Debra A. Tanguay, Thomas P. Colarusso, Sandra Pavlovic, Macarena Irigoyen, Robert G. Howard, Jiri Bartek, Thomas C. Chiles, Thomas L. Rothstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

B-1 lymphocytes represent a distinct B cell subset with characteristic features that include self-renewing capacity and unusual mitogenic responses. B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression. To address the mechanism underlying the varied proliferative responses of B-1 and B-2 cells, we evaluated the expression and activity of the G1 cell cycle regulator, cyclin D2, and its associated cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks). Cyclin D2 expression was upregulated rapidly, within 2–4 h, in phorbol ester–stimulated B-1 cells, in a manner dependent on intact transcription/translation, but was not increased in phorbol ester– stimulated B-2 cells. Phorbol ester–stimulated cyclin D2 expression was accompanied by the formation of cyclin D2–Cdk4, and, to a lesser extent, cyclin D2–Cdk6, complexes; cyclin D2– containing complexes were found to be catalytically functional, in terms of their ability to phosphorylate exogenous Rb in vitro and to specifically phosphorylate endogenous Rb on serine780 in vivo. These results strongly suggest that the rapid induction of cyclin D2 by a normally nonmitogenic phorbol ester stimulus is responsible for B-1 cell progression through G1 phase. The ease and rapidity with which cyclin D2 responds in B-1 cells may contribute to the proliferative features of this subset.
Hirudin Reduces Tissue Factor Expression in Neointima After Balloon Injury in Rabbit Femoral and Porcine Coronary Arteries
Authors: S. David Gertz, John T. Fallon, Richard Gallo, Mark B. Taubman, Shmuel Banai, William L. Barry, Lawrence W. Gimple, Yale Nemerson, Singanallore Thiruvikraman, Srihari S. Naidu, James H. Chesebro, Valentin Fuster, Ian J. Sarembock, Juan J. Badimon
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that, after binding to factor VII/VIIa, initiates the extrinsic coagulation pathway, resulting in thrombin generation and its sequelae. Thrombin has been shown to induce TF mRNA in endothelium, monocytes, and smooth muscle cells, further perpetuating the thrombogenic cycle. This study was designed to determine the effect of specific inhibition of thrombin by recombinant hirudin (r-hirudin) on TF distribution after balloon angioplasty in the cholesterol-fed rabbit femoral artery and porcine coronary artery models. Methods and Results —Thirty-five femoral arteries from 32 cholesterol-fed New Zealand White rabbits and 84 coronary arteries from 55 Yorkshire-Albino swine were studied by use of a recently developed in situ method of TF localization based on digoxigenin labeling of recombinant factor VIIa (Dig-VIIa), with correlative studies of TF immunoreactivity by use of anti-rabbit (AP-1) or anti-human (sTF) antibodies. At sites of balloon angioplasty in rabbit femoral or pig coronary arteries (double or single injury), TF-antibody and Dig-VIIa staining were noted in association with endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and foam cells and within the fibrous tissue matrix primarily of the adventitia and neointima. Staining was significantly greater after balloon angioplasty than in vessels that had not undergone angioplasty but was similar after single and double balloon injury. Animals treated with r-hirudin (rabbits, 1 mg/kg bolus plus 2-hour infusion; pigs, 1 mg/kg bolus plus 0.7 mg · kg −1 · d −1 infusion for 14 days with implantable pump) had diminished TF-antibody and Dig-VIIa staining 28 days after balloon angioplasty compared with controls (bolus heparin only). This effect was more prominent on the neointima and was more striking in the porcine than the rabbit model. Conclusions —TF expression, persistent 1 month after balloon angioplasty in rabbit femoral arteries and porcine coronary arteries, is attenuated by specific thrombin inhibition with hirudin. These results suggest that thrombin inhibition, in addition to its effect on acute thrombus formation and its effect on luminal narrowing by plaque in experimental animals, may result in a prolonged reduction in thrombogenicity of the restenotic plaque through this effect on TF expression.
Cost-effectiveness of Prenatal Screening and Immunization for Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Jose Alberto Arevalo
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, yet controversy still exists regarding the value of routine screening of pregnant women in the United States and subsequent immunization of their at-risk neonates. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of such a screening and immunization program, we developed a decision analysis model and obtained data from published reports, chart review, and a Delphi survey to determine outcome probabilities and costs. When considering direct and indirect costs, routine screening and immunization would be cost-effective at a prevalence of 0.06%, significantly lower than the national prevalence of 0.2%. At an annual national birth rate of 3.5 million births, a national policy of routine screening of all pregnant women would result in an annual net savings of more than $105 million. In the high-risk groups, as many as 140 cases of acute neonatal hepatitis and as many as 1400 cases of chronic liver disease would be prevented yearly per 100 000 pregnant women screened, at a net annual savings of as much as $765 million. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:365-369)