tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fetal Surgery for Myelomeningocele and the Incidence of Shunt-Dependent Hydrocephalus
Authors: Joseph P. Bruner
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextIntrauterine closure of exposed spinal cord tissue prevents secondary neurologic injury in animals with a surgically created spinal defect; however, whether in utero repair of myelomeningocele improves neurologic outcome in infants with spina bifida is not known.ObjectiveTo determine whether intrauterine repair of myelomeningocele improves patient outcomes compared with standard care.DesignSingle-institution, nonrandomized observational study conducted between January 1990 and February 1999.SettingTertiary care medical center.ParticipantsA sample of 29 study patients with isolated fetal myelomeningocele referred for intrauterine repair that was performed between 24 and 30 gestational weeks and 23 controls matched to cases for diagnosis, level of lesion, practice parameters, and calendar time. All infants were followed up for a minimum of 6 months after delivery.Main Outcome MeasuresRequirement for ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, obstetrical complications, gestational age at delivery, and birth weight for study vs control subjects.ResultsThe requirement for ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for decompression of hydrocephalus was significantly decreased among study infants (59% vs 91%; P = .01). The median age at shunt placement was also older among study infants (50 vs 5 days; P = .006). This may be explained by the reduced incidence of hindbrain herniation among study infants (38% vs 95%; P&lt;.001). Following hysterotomy, study patients had an increased risk of oligohydramnios (48% vs 4%; P = .001) and admission to the hospital for preterm uterine contractions (50% vs 9%; P = .002). The estimated gestational age at delivery was earlier for study patients (33.2 vs 37.0 weeks; P&lt;.001), and the birth weight of study neonates was less (2171 vs 3075 g; P&lt;.001).ConclusionsOur study suggests that intrauterine repair of myelomeningocele decreases the incidence of hindbrain herniation and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus in infants with spina bifida, but increases the incidence of premature delivery.
SOCIALISTIC TENDENCY IN MEDICINE-FACTS VERSUS FEAR
Authors: Haven Emerson
Journal: JAMA (1922)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Has the critical sense of the medical profession sunk so low that it will accept a statement and argument on the topic of public medical service, based on such unsupported generalities as would certainly fail to convince if offered in the field of clinical medicine? Are we prepared to condemn, with Dr. James A. Gardner, on the basis of his chairman's address published in The Journal, August 12, the efforts at prevention and control of venereal disease in which the leadership of such men as Dr. Morrow, formerly, and of his successors, Drs. Keyes, Walker, Stokes and many other eminent urologists has been an inspiration to the public and to the medical profession, and a guide to the policy of governmental and private health agencies? We are told, apparently on the basis of Dr. Gardner's experience in Buffalo, as no reference is made to any other specific
Atelectasis as a Complication in Artificial Pneumothorax
Authors: R. L. Sadler
Journal: BMJ (1954)

RINGWORM BEDic35It should be possible to eradicate completely this variety of ringworm from a community.X-ray epila- tion should ideally be carried out at the child's first attendance at a dermatological clinic.All contacts in the home and school should be examined with Wood's light.The importance of M. canis ringworm lies; in its differentiation from the M. audouini variety.X-ray epilation is seldom indicated.T. sulphureum is likely to cause great anxiety and trouble in the near future, since diagnosis of the non- inflammatory varieties is difficult, and the disease may last for years if untreated.X-ray epilation of the whole scalp is probably the best treatment in most cases.It is very doubtful whether any procedure can actually shorten the duration of T. discoides infec- tions, but symptomatic treatment is appreciated by the patient.My thanks are due to Dr. I. H. McCaw, Dr. R. Hall, and Dr. J
Exposure to Air Pollutants and Myocardial Infarction Risk
Authors: Ya-Fang Huang, Chen Mao
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION AND TRANSMISSION OF TAR SARCOMAS IN CHICKENS
Authors: James B. Murphy, Karl Landsteiner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

Two spindle cell sarcomas have developed as the result, of injection of coal tar into induced embryomas in chickens. One of these, transplanted to other chickens for eleven generations, is highly invasive in character, and metastasizes freely. Attempts to transmit this neoplasm by a filtrate or desiccate of the tumor have failed of success.
CASES OF MENINGITIS WITH ISOLATION OF DIPHTHERIA BACILLUS FROM CEREBROSPINAL FLUID.
Authors: JOSEPH MORRELL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Although the<i>Bacillus diphtheriæ</i>has been found in the most diverse lesions, its presence in the central nervous system is almost unheard of. Thus far we have been able to find only one case in the literature, that of Wilson and Head, in which the organism was positively identified. The circumstances which led to the discovery of the organism in this case, however, as well as in the one about to be reported, would speak for greater frequency, though usually unrecognized. <h3>Personal History.</h3> —W. M. C., colored, male, four and one-half months old, was admitted to the children's ward of Cook County Hospital, service of Dr. F. X. Walls, to whom we are indebted for permission to report the case. According to the mother's statement the child had been taken ill ten days before admission to the hospital with high fever, pain in the chest and a cough. Eight days
Morning Report
Authors: Galen L. Barbour
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The educational value of morning report should be enhanced by thorough evaluation of the medical literature. We added a clinical medical librarian (CML) program to our morning report 2% years ago to provide rapid, complete access to reference material relevant to topics discussed in morning report. MEDLINE searches and references are made available on a same-day basis; cumulative lists of these are provided to the staff and house staff at bimonthly and yearly intervals. All house staff used the CML service to some degree and the majority found it to be of value in making patient care decisions. Since the inception of the CML program, the medical library has noted a more than twofold increase in the number of on-line reference searches and a similar increase in requests for searches by house staff. Patient care decisions have been improved through ready access to current medical literature, and the teaching program has been enhanced by the creation of the CML program as an integral part of morning report. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:1921-1922)
TCT-247 Effects on Infarct Size, Microvascular Obstruction, Left Ventricular Volumes and Function of Manual Thrombus Aspiration and Rheolytic Thrombectomy in Acute Myocardial Infarction: 1-year SMART-MRI substudy
Authors: Nazario Carrabba, Guido Parodi, Akiko Maehara, Angela Migliorini, Silvia Pradella, Renato Valenti, Ruben Vergara, Stefano Colagrande, Gary S. Mintz, David Antoniucci
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 2357: The TROY/TNFRSF19 receptor is overexpressed in human glioblastoma multiforme and regulates glioma cell survival via the NFkB pathway activation
Authors: Serdar M. Tuncali
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Glial tumors progress to malignant grades by heightened proliferation and aggressive invasion of the surrounding normal brain. Understanding the genetic and biochemical processes that foster these behaviors is likely to reveal specific and effective targets for therapeutic intervention. We have identified TROY / TNFRSF19 as a novel transmembrane receptor that is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme. TROY is an orphan member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily that lacks a cytoplasmic death domain. Our previous data demonstrates that the level of TROY mRNA expression directly correlates with increasing glial tumor grade and inversely with overall patient survival. In addition, TROY overexpression in glioma cells activates Rac1 signaling in a Pyk2-dependent manner to drive invasion and migration. Here, we show that TROY over-expression enhances glioma cell survival against chemotherapy-induced cell death. TROY expressing glioma cells also displayed an increased resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment. Conversely, siRNA mediated-depletion of TROY expression enhanced TMZ-induced cell death. To investigate the mechanism of TROY-induced cell survival, we surveyed a panel of known cancer signaling pathways by immunoblot analysis of cell lysates from untransfected glioma cells and lysates from glioma cells overexpressing TROY. Of the signaling pathways surveyed, we observed an increased activation of the Akt and NFκB pathways in TROY overexpressing cells relative to the untransfected cells. Inhibition of the NFκB pathway by expression of the super-repressor IκBα mutant abrogated TROY-induced cell survival to TMZ treatment. Similarly, inhibition of the Akt pathway by treatment of cells with the pharmacological inhibitor, LY294002, increased TMZ-induced cell death in TROY expressing cells. Together, these data indicate that TROY-stimulated glioma cell migration and invasion increases resistance to chemotherapy-induced cell death in glioma. Understanding the function of TROY in glioma biology may lead to the development of effective therapies against invasive gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2357. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2357
The Stewart and Ryfkogel Methods in the Surgery of Epithelioma of the Lip
Authors: J. Clark Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1913)

iiig.The story of beriberi and polished rice, of wheat and Bcurvy t see our editorials) shows thai a small addendum ol various foods completely averts these abnormal effects.We spnke, In our editorial on bread, of the rôle of this food as :t part of the dietary and in relation to its digestibility.Surely we would not recommend a salt tree dietary of patent flour bread alone ¡is ¡in ideal regimen for man; neither would we
FAMILIAL HYPOGLYCEMIA PRECIPITATED BY AMINO ACIDS
Authors: W. A. Cochrane, W. W. Payne, M. J. Simpkiss, L. I. Woolf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1956)

Mann and Magath (1) in 1922 first described the clinical symptoms associated with hypogly- cemia, and in 1924 Harris (2) reviewed its rela- tionship to hyperinsulinism.Since then, numer- ous articles have appeared in the literature reviewing the causes of hypoglycemia, (3-6) describing individual cases and suggesting various surgical and medical methods of management.Although spontaneous hypoglycemia is evidence of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism, this ab- normality may be due to a variety of diseases.The present communication describes three cases of hypoglycemia occurring in one family, and one unrelated case, in which convulsions and profound lowering of the blood glucose were in- duced by the administration of proteins or amino acids.We believe this abnormal relationship between amino acids and glucose metabolism has not been previously described, and will be of great interest, not only to the clinician, but also to the biochemist and physiologist investigating carbohydrate and protein metabolism.CASES Case 1.A female infant was admitted to The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street on 29th September 1954, at the age of 4 months for investigation of convulsions.Her mother's pregnancy and labor were normal.Her birth weight was 7 lbs.The infant was breast fed for 10 weeks and then given half cream cow's milk feeds with added sugar.At 3 months she began to have generalized convulsions.She had two or three fits every day and these usually occurred about midway between feeds but not after waking in the mornings.The fits lasted from a few minutes to half-an-hour.Examination showed a plump 12 lb. 3oz.infant with no abnormal physical signs.Her mental development was normal for her age.Since her sister (case 2) had convulsions associated with hypoglycemia, fasting blood was taken and this showed blood sugar levels varying from 40 to 60 mg.per 100 ml.The levels of blood sugar before feeds showed a gradual decline throughout the
Naples Typhus Epidemic
Authors: W. H. Crichton
Journal: BMJ (1946)

<b>Study objective:</b> In the past decade, Spain has experienced dramatic growth of its immigrant population. Available information on the occupational conditions of foreign workers is scarce. This study aims to add to this information by describing occupational injuries in foreign workers in Spain. <b>Design, setting, participants:</b> Data were analysed from the 2003 Ministry of Labour and Social Issues registry of non-fatal and fatal occupational injury in insured workers. The population at risk was estimated from the Social Security Affiliation Registry as of 31 December 2003. Comparing Spanish with foreign workers and also considering age and sex, incidence rates and relative risks, and their confidence intervals at 95%, were calculated within each population group. <b>Main results:</b> In women and in men, and in every age group, foreign workers had an increased risk of non-fatal and fatal occupational injury compared with Spanish workers. The differences were especially notable in foreign women workers and in older workers. <b>Conclusions:</b> Many factors probably combine to cause the differences found in this study. Better data collection on the situation of foreign workers is needed to understand these facts and apply appropriate public health solutions.
Diagnosis of trifasicular damage following tetralogy of fallot and ventricular septal defect repair.
Authors: S M Yabek, J M Jarmakani, N K Roberts
Journal: Circulation (1977)

We evaluated the usefulness of the surface electrocardiogram to predict the presence of postoperative trifascicular damage. We used the pre and postoperative electrocardiograms and postoperative His bundle electrograms from 50 patients an average of 3.8 years following tetralogy of Fallot (TF) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair. Right bundle branch block (RBBB) and RBBB with left anterior hemiblock (LAH) developed in 88% and 18% respectively, and 22% had transient postoperative complete heart block (CHB). Mean P-A and A-H conduction times were 16.6 and 84.9 msec and were not different from 37 are-matched normal patients and 61 patients with unoperated TF and VSD. The mean H-V conduction time of 48.5 msec was significantly increased compared to the other two groups. Ten postoperative patients had H-V times of 55 msec or greater, indicating trifasicular damage. Of these, five had electrocardiographic bifascicular block (RBBB with LAH) with or without additional 1 degrees A-V block. The remaining five patients' electrocardiograms did not suggest trifascicular damage. Since postsurgical trifascicular damage may progress to late onset CHB, conduction studies are indicated to identify patients at risk, despite surface electrocardiographic findings.
Metabolic vasodilatation with glucose-insulin-potassium does not change the heterogeneous distribution of coronary blood flow in the dog
Authors: A B J. Groeneveld, A. A v. Lambalgen, G. C v. d. Bos, J. J P Nauta, L. G Thijs
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Metabolic vasodilatation with glucose-insulin-potassium does not change the heterogeneous distribution of coronary blood flow in the dog Get access A B Johan Groeneveld, A B Johan Groeneveld Correspondence to Dr Groeneveld. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Antonie A van Lambalgen, Antonie A van Lambalgen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gerard C van den Bos, Gerard C van den Bos Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jos J P Nauta, Jos J P Nauta Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lambertus G Thijs Lambertus G Thijs Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 8, August 1992, Pages 757–764, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.8.757 Published: 01 August 1992 Article history Received: 30 October 1991 Accepted: 07 February 1992 Published: 01 August 1992
Clinical Characteristics of Prostate Cancer in Elderly Japanese Patients 80 Years of Age or Older
Authors: Hiroyoshi Suzuki, Koichiro Akakura, Takeshi Ueda, Kazuo Mikami, Toyofusa Tobe, Akira Komiya, Tomohiko Ichikawa, Tatsuo Igarashi, Haruo Ito
Journal: European Urology (2002)
Medical Computing Programs
Authors: Mervin Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Gabrieli's important suggestion (<b>204</b>:833, 1968) regarding the development of a national health information network requires some elaboration. A goal for having such a bank for information is technically feasible, however, strong forces offer resistance to the development of this important use of automated procedures. Anyone who has studied the hearings conducted by congressman Gallagher in 1966 soon becomes aware of the great fear that surrounds a discussion of a national data center. The fear is based on the loss of privacy of the individual. Since we physicians have had to report to government agencies about communicable diseases we already have the tradition of protecting the individual. There is no reason to believe that a comprehensive plan which results in a more efficient method of collecting data could not have these same safeguards for the privacy of the individual. From studies of attitudes of patients, physicians,
THE RESISTANCE OF RABBITS TO TUBERCULOSIS AFTER VACCINATION WITH PARTIALLY DEFATTED TUBERCLE BACILLI
Authors: Kenneth C. Smithburn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1933)

1. A vaccine prepared from partially defatted bovine tubercle bacilli influenced favorably the survival time after inoculation with living virulent bovine tubercle bacilli. 2. Accompanying this increased resistance was a sustained lymphocytosis in the vaccinated animals. 3. The vaccine induced a transitory anemia and leucopenia. 4. A similar preparation of partially defatted human tubercle bacilli possessed the power to sensitize guinea pigs to tuberculo-protein.
Tracing the Brady Act's Connection With Homicide and Suicide Trends
Authors: Richard Rosenfeld
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The IKKβ Subunit of IκB Kinase (IKK) is Essential for Nuclear Factor κB Activation and Prevention of Apoptosis
Authors: Zhi-Wei Li, Wenming Chu, Yinling Hu, Mireille Delhase, Tom Deerinck, Mark Ellisman, Randall Johnson, Michael Karin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

The IκB kinase (IKK) complex is composed of three subunits, IKKα, IKKβ, and IKKγ (NEMO). While IKKα and IKKβ are highly similar catalytic subunits, both capable of IκB phosphorylation in vitro, IKKγ is a regulatory subunit. Previous biochemical and genetic analyses have indicated that despite their similar structures and in vitro kinase activities, IKKα and IKKβ have distinct functions. Surprisingly, disruption of the Ikkα locus did not abolish activation of IKK by proinflammatory stimuli and resulted in only a small decrease in nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. Now we describe the pathophysiological consequence of disruption of the Ikkβ locus. IKKβ-deficient mice die at mid-gestation from uncontrolled liver apoptosis, a phenotype that is remarkably similar to that of mice deficient in both the RelA (p65) and NF-κB1 (p50/p105) subunits of NF-κB. Accordingly, IKKβ-deficient cells are defective in activation of IKK and NF-κB in response to either tumor necrosis factor α or interleukin 1. Thus IKKβ, but not IKKα, plays the major role in IKK activation and induction of NF-κB activity. In the absence of IKKβ, IKKα is unresponsive to IKK activators.
Lesson of the Week: Acquired haemophilia: an important but often unrecognised cause of bleeding in elderly people
Authors: E N Evans, R V Majer
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Acquired haemophilia is a rare condition caused by the spontaneous acquisition of antibodies to clotting factor VIII. Although the reported incidence is 1 in 1000000,1 the diagnosis may be missed and the condition may in fact be more common. We present two cases and discuss the reasons for the different outcomes.

### Case 1

A 79 year old man presented with epigastric pain and melaena. He had a history of melaena from a bleeding duodenal ulcer, diagnosed on barium meal examination 20 years previously, and a hiatus hernia, diagnosed on endoscopy two years previously. On admission his blood haemoglobin concentration was 96 g/l and he required transfusion. Endoscopy showed superficial ulceration in a deformed duodenal cap, hiatus hernia, and mild oesophagitis.

Despite treatment with ranitidine he had two further episodes of serious gastrointestinal bleeding. During a third episode his haemoglobin concentration fell to 51 g/l and he developed a widespread ecchymotic rash. A clotting screen showed a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time of 72.9 (normal range 26-36) and a …