tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Environmental and Iatrogenic Obstacles to Long Life on Hemodialysis
Authors: Eli A. Friedman, A. P. Lundin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Hemodialysis is remarkably safe. Whether it is performed by professionals in a hospital or clinic or by the patient at home, the risk of death due to technical failure or human error in a single dialysis is only one in 76,138.1 Over a 10-year course of maintenance hemodialysis, the risk of accidental dialysis-related death is 2 per cent. This low level of risk is attributable in large part to technical advances that monitor the extracorporeal circuit, and interrupt blood flow in the event of air or blood leaks, high or low dialysate temperature, or incorrect mixing of the dialysate. Formerly . . .
IL-12 is required for differentiation of pathogenic CD8+ T cell effectors that cause myocarditis
Authors: Nir Grabie, Michael W. Delfs, Jason R. Westrich, Victoria A. Love, George Stavrakis, Ferhaan Ahmad, Christine E. Seidman, Jonathan G. Seidman, Andrew H. Lichtman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Cardiac antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells are involved in the autoimmune component of human myocarditis. Here, we studied the differentiation and migration of pathogenic CD8(+) T cell effector cells in a new mouse model of autoimmune myocarditis. A transgenic mouse line was derived that expresses cardiac myocyte restricted membrane-bound ovalbumin (CMy-mOva). The endogenous adaptive immune system of CMy-mOva mice displays tolerance to ovalbumin. Adoptive transfer of naive CD8(+) T cells from the ovalbumin-specific T cell receptor-transgenic (TCR-transgenic) OT-I strain induces myocarditis in CMy-mOva mice only after subsequent inoculation with ovalbumin-expressing vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-Ova). OT-I effector T cells derived in vitro in the presence or absence of IL-12 were adoptively transferred into CMy-mOva mice, and the consequences were compared. Although IL-12 was not required for the generation of cytolytic and IFN-gamma-producing effector T cells, only effectors primed in the presence of IL-12 infiltrated CMy-mOva hearts in significant numbers, causing lethal myocarditis. Furthermore, analysis of OT-I effectors collected from a mediastinal draining lymph node indicated that only effectors primed in vitro in the presence of IL-12 proliferated in vivo. These data demonstrate the importance of IL-12 in the differentiation of pathogenic CD8(+) T cells that can cause myocarditis.
Abstract 1265: Survival under glucose and serum deprivation is increased by DN-mutant p53 R175H in human melanoma: A possible gain of oncogenic function
Authors: Valery Chavez-Perez, Mary Strasberg-Rieber, Manuel Rieber
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract BACKGROUND.- To help counteract tumor development, the p53 tumor suppressor protein functions to preserve genomic stability, when inhibiting cell cycle progression or inducing senescence or apoptosis. However, cancer-associated dominant-negative (DN) p53 mutations can override the tumor suppressor functions of wt p53, through possible gain-of oncogenic functions including those increasing resistance to metabolic stress. OBJECTIVES.- Since hypoglycemia and growth factor shortage may intermittently occur in the microenvironment of poorly vascularized tumors, this report investigated whether metabolic restriction (glucose deprivation and low serum supplementation), unequally influence the survival of genetically-matched human C8161 melanoma harbouring wt or DN-R175H mutant p53.(Strasberg-Rieber, M. et al. Clin. Cancer Res.7(2001)1446). RESULTS.- Cell death by prolonged metabolic restriction increased oxidative stress, since it was counteracted by the anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine. Melanoma cells harbouring the DN-mutant p53 R175H were more resistant to cell death induced by shorter metabolic restriction. DPI, a NADPH oxidase inhibitor of superoxide generation counteracted the greater resistance of glucose-deprived mutant p53 cells, by altering expression of mitochondrial Mn-SOD∼SOD2. Pyruvate preferentially protected from DPI treatment under metabolic restriction, restoring levels of MnSOD. CONCLUSIONS. our results suggests that tumor cell death in response to anti-glycolytic treatment, may be antagonized by DN-mutant p53R175H. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1265. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1265
A clinical and pharmacological study of arsenic trioxide in advanced multiple myeloma patients
Authors: P Rousselot, J Larghero, B Arnulf, J Poupon, B Royer, A Tibi, I Madelaine-Chambrin, P Cimerman, S Chevret, O Hermine, H Dombret, J Claude Brouet, J Paul Fermand
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
The effects of a glucose load and sympathetic challenge on autonomic function in obese women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jill A. Kanaley, Tracy Baynard, Ruth M. Franklin, Ruth S. Weinstock, Styliani Goulopoulou, Robert Carhart, Robert Ploutz-Snyder, Arturo Figueroa, Bo Fernhall
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Intracardiac Surgery in Neonates and Infants Using Deep Hypothermia with Surface Cooling and Limited Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: BRIAN G. BARRATT-BOYES, M. SIMPSON, JOHN M. NEUTZE
Journal: Circulation (1971)

In an attempt to achieve safe intracardiac surgery in severely ill babies with congenital heart defects, a technique of deep hypothermia with surface cooling and limited bypass has been used. Under halothane anesthesia, these infants were cooled to a nasopharyngeal temperature of 26 C on a circulating water blanket and the temperature was lowered further to 22 C by a short period of total body perfusion. After a period of circulatory arrest which averaged 48 minutes at 22 C, during which the intracardiac repair was carried out, rewarming to 32 C was achieved by 20 minutes of total body perfusion and final rewarming to 36 C by surface means. Thirty-three of 37 infants under 10 kg in weight, with correctable lesions, survived this procedure, including 25 aged 8 days to 12 months. Conditions corrected were transposition (13), tetralogy of Fallot (9), total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (6), ventricular septal defect (6), and atrioventricular canal (3). The technique gave ideal operating conditions and is believed to have wide application in the neonatal and infant group.
Increased Upper Airway Collapsibility in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea during Wakefulness
Authors: David Gozal, Marilee M. Burnside
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Upper airway collapsibility (UAC) is increased in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), but during wakefulness, active neural processes preserve upper airway patency, such that measurement of upper airway dynamics using acoustic pharyngometry may contribute to diagnostic accuracy in snoring children. Upper airway cross-sectional area obtained from acoustic pharyngometry measurements was assessed in 247 children referred for evaluation of suspected SDB and control subjects, before and after application of cetacaine 1% spray to the pharyngeal introitus under visual inspection. UAC was determined from the precentage change in cross-sectional area after topical anesthesia. UAC measurements were reproducible 1 week apart in both control subjects and patients with SDB (p < 0.005). A UAC less than or equal to -30% exhibited high sensitivity and specificity in identification of all children with obstructive apnea-hypopnea index greater than 5/hour total sleep time in a prospective initial sample of 54 children and in a subsequent post hoc sample of 94 snoring children. Thus, upper airway dynamic testing during wakefulness in response to a topical airway anesthetic may provide a useful clinical adjunct to the evaluation of snoring children, with more accurate identification of those children with SDB.
The relationship between lymphocyte nuclear morphology and cell cycle stage in lymphoid neoplasia
Authors: Lawrence W. Diamond, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Henry Rappaport
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract A significant percentage of lymphoid cells isolated from three lymphoid neoplasms (nodular lymphoma mixed cell type, mycosis fungoides, and Sézary syndrome) had tetraploid or near‐tetraploid DNA content, as determined by flow cytometric analysis. In each case, a morphologically distinct population of cells with large, irregular nuclei was present, the percentage of which corresponded to the percentage of tetraploid cells. In a fourth case (diffuse “histiocytic” lymphoma), cells were sorted on the basis of DNA content from the G 0 ‐G 1 compartment and compared morphologically to cells sorted from the S‐G 2 (M) compartment. The G 0 ‐G 1 cells had clumped nuclear chromatin, lacked prominent nucleoli, and had a mean nuclear diameter of 10.18 ± 1.22 μm. The sorted cells with S‐G 2 (M) DNA content had one to several prominent nucleoli and less clumped nuclear chromatin, and they were significantly larger, with a mean nuclear diameter of 13.76 ± 1.59 μm (P &lt; 0.00001). These preliminary results suggest that, in lymphoid malignancies, certain morphologic characteristics of individual lymphoid cells are related to their DNA content (level of ploidy) and/or the stage of the cell within its division cycle.
Oral Salmonella: malaria circumsporozoite recombinants induce specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells.
Authors: A Aggarwal, S Kumar, R Jaffe, D Hone, M Gross, J Sadoff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

Oral immunization with an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium recombinant containing the full-length Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite (CS) gene induces protective immunity against P. berghei sporozoite challenge in the absence of antibody. We found that this immunity was mediated through the induction of specific CD8+ T cells since in vivo elimination of CD8+ cells abrogated protection. In vitro studies revealed that this Salmonella-P. berghei CS recombinant induced class I-restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T cells that are directed against the P. berghei CS peptide epitope spanning amino acids 242-253. This is the same peptide that previously was identified as the target of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) induced by sporozoite immunization. Salmonella-P. falciparum CS recombinants were constructed that contained either the full-length CS gene or a repeatless gene consisting of CS flanking sequences. Both of these vaccines were able to induce CD8+ CTL directed against P. falciparum CS peptide 371-390, which is identical to the target of CTL induced by sporozoites and vaccinia CS recombinants. These results directly demonstrate the ability of an intracellular bacteria such as Salmonella to induce class I-restricted CD8+ CTL and illustrate the importance of CD8+ CTL in immunity to malaria.
Centered on Breast Cancer
Authors: Luz Claudio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Centered on Breast CancerA relationship between early menarche in girls and later development of breast cancer has long been observed.Some environmental factors, such as diet and exposure to endocrine disruptors and other chemicals, could affect children's timing and pace of puberty and development.This leads to the question of whether exposure to these agents may also lead to breast cancer later in life.That is the scientific premise for the establishment of the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers (BCERCs), which presented results of ongoing studies at their third annual meeting on 2-3 November 2006.
Is Irinotecan Plus Docetaxel Useful as Second-Line Therapy in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?
Authors: Diego Cortinovis, Paolo Bidoli, Daniela Cullurà, Vito Lorusso, Antonio Ardizzoia, Vito Amoroso, Mauro Bandera, Enrico Aitini, Alberto Fusi, Nicoletta Zilembo, Daniela Radula, Emilio Bajetta
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Review: Organized stroke unit care reduces mortality more than other forms of care in patients hospitalized with stroke
Authors: David Tong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

ACP Journal Club17 June 2008Review: Organized stroke unit care reduces mortality more than other forms of care in patients hospitalized with strokeDavid Tong, MD, FAHADavid Tong, MD, FAHACalifornia Pacific Medical Center, Comprehensive Stroke Care Center, San Francisco, California, USA (D.T.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-12-200806170-02003 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationStroke Unit Trialists' Collaboration. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(4):CD000197. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17943737Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Neurology: References1 Jollis JG, DeLong ER, Peterson ED, et al. Outcome of acute myocardial infarction according to the specialty of the admitting physician. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1880−7. [PMID: 8948564] Google Scholar2 Jong P, Gong Y, Liu PP, et al. Care and outcomes of patients newly hospitalized for heart failure in the community treated by cardiologists compared with other specialists. Circulation. 2003;108:184−91. [PMID: 12821540] Google Scholar3 Evans A, Perez I, Harraf F, et al. Can differences in management processes explain different outcomes between stroke unit and stroke-team care? Lancet. 2001;358:1586-92. [PMID: 11716885] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: California Pacific Medical Center, Comprehensive Stroke Care Center, San Francisco, California, USA (D.T.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 June 2008. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 June 2008Volume 148, Issue 12Page: JC4-3KeywordsAntiplatelet therapyInpatientsPatientsStatinsStrokeStroke rehabilitationThorax ePublished: 17 June 2008 Issue Published: 17 June 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Estrogen receptors and biologic response in rat parathyroid tissue and C cells.
Authors: T Naveh-Many, G Almogi, N Livni, J Silver
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

The expression of the PTH and calcitonin genes is dramatically decreased by 1,25(OH)2D3 in vivo, and the PTH gene expression is increased by hypocalcemia. We have now studied the effect of estrogens on the expression of these genes in vivo. 17 beta-Estradiol, given to ovariectomized rats, led to a fourfold increase in PTH mRNA and calcitonin mRNA levels. These effects occurred 24 h after single injections of 37-145 nmol estradiol, or after constant infusions of 12 pmol/d for 1 or 2 wk, where there was no effect on serum calcium levels. The estrogen receptor mRNA was demonstrated in the thyroparathyroid tissue by polymerase chain reaction. The estrogen binding was localized to the parathyroid and C cells by immunohistochemistry. Uterus weight was increased by repeated larger doses (73 nmol/d x 7) of estradiol, but not by the small doses (12 pmol/d for 1 or 2 wk) which were effective on the PTH and calcitonin genes, suggesting a sensitive endocrine effect. These results confirm that the parathyroid and C cells are target organs for estrogen, leading to an increased expression of PTH and calcitonin, which by their combined anabolic effect on bone would help prevent osteoporosis.
Inhibitory effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on type II collagen induced arthritis in rats.
Authors: K Yamaki, H Nakagawa, S Tsurufuji
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

The effects of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the established lesion of type II collagen induced arthritis in rats were evaluated by measuring the hind paw oedema and anti-type II collagen antibody titre. Dexamethasone, a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, reduced the anti-type II collagen antibody titre and markedly suppressed the established lesion of type II collagen induced arthritis in rats. A rebound of the arthritis, i.e., a rapid recovery of the hind paw swelling took place after withdrawal of the treatment with steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including dexamethasone, prednisolone, and hydrocortisone. On the other hand, indomethacin, benoxaprofen, piroxicam, and tiflamizole, which are cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors in prostaglandin synthesis, had no effect on anti-type II collagen antibody titre, but suppressed the established lesion of the arthritis without causing an apparent rebound of the arthritis after withdrawal of the drug treatment. These results suggest that the level of anti-type II collagen antibodies has no relation to the intensity of hind paw swelling in the established lesion of the arthritis, though the antibodies contribute to the incidence of the arthritis. It also indicates that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs having inhibitory action on cyclo-oxygenase are useful antiarthritic drugs without causing the rebound phenomenon, an untoward side effect after withdrawal of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Macrocytosis and Cigarette Smoking
Authors: NORMAN HELMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 August 1973Macrocytosis and Cigarette SmokingNORMAN HELMAN, M.D.NORMAN HELMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-2-287_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: McPhedran and co-workers report, in "Interpretation of Electronically Determined Macrocytosis" in the May 1973 issue (pp. 677-683), that people with an elevated mean corpuscular volume of 115 μm3 or greater and a normal hemoglobin concentration usually have folic acid deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, or liver disease, or any combination of these. I would like to report another cause of macrocytosis: cigarette smoking.I am studying the Model S Coulter Counter results in 1000 patients undergoing routine physical examination. I hope to publish these data when the statistical analysis is completed. All patients had normal hemoglobin concentrations. Of...References1. LAMBERTMORRIS RJ: Red cell size and air composition. Br Med J 2:706, 1971 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. OKUNO T: Red cell size and age. Br Med J 1:569-570, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SPRIGGSSLADDEN AR: The influence of age on red cell diameter. J Clin Pathol 11:53-55, 1958 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WALTON R: Smoking and alcoholism: a brief report. Am J Psychiatry 128:1455-1456, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVitamin B12 and Folic Acid: Clinical and Pathophysiological Considerations 1 August 1973Volume 79, Issue 2Page: 287-288KeywordsAttentionElectronic cigarettesFolic acidHemoglobinLiver diseasesMean corpuscular volumeStatistical dataVitamin B12 deficiency Issue Published: 1 August 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Stoichiometric Production of IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA Defines Memory T Cells That Can Self-Renew After Adoptive Transfer in Humans
Authors: Anran Wang, Smita Chandran, Syed A. Shah, Yu Chiu, Biman C. Paria, Tamara Aghamolla, Melissa M. Alvarez-Downing, Chyi-Chia Richard Lee, Sanmeet Singh, Thomas Li, Mark E. Dudley, Nicholas P. Restifo, Steven A. Rosenberg, Udai S. Kammula
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2012)

Adoptive immunotherapy using ex vivo-expanded tumor-reactive lymphocytes can mediate durable cancer regression in selected melanoma patients. Analyses of these trials have associated the in vivo engraftment ability of the transferred cells with their antitumor efficacy. Thus, there is intensive clinical interest in the prospective isolation of tumor-specific T cells that can reliably persist after transfer. Animal studies have suggested that central memory CD8(+) T cells (T(CM)) have divergent capabilities including effector differentiation to target antigen and stem cell-like self-renewal that enable long-term survival after adoptive transfer. We sought to isolate human melanoma-specific T(CM) to define their in vivo fate and function after autologous therapeutic transfer to metastatic patients. To facilitate the high-throughput identification of these rare cells from patients, we report that T(CM) have a defined stoichiometric production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) mRNA after antigen stimulation. Melanoma-specific T cells screened for high relative IL-2 production had a T(CM) phenotype and superior in vitro proliferative capacity compared to cells with low IL-2 production. To investigate in vivo effector function and self-renewal capability, we allowed melanoma-specific T(CM) to undergo in vitro expansion and differentiation into lytic effector clones and then adoptively transferred them back into their hosts. These clones targeted skin melanocytes in all five patients and persisted long term and reacquired parental T(CM) attributes in four patients after transfer. These findings demonstrate the favorable engraftment fitness for human T(CM)-derived clones, but further efforts to improve their antitumor efficacy are still necessary.
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus and autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: C.H. MEER-ROOSEN, E.P.J. MAES, W.R. FABER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

A 19-year-old girl presented with cutaneous lupus erythematosus and hypothyroidism, and developed a thyrotoxic crisis when chloroquine therapy was discontinued.
Abstract 5627: Antitumor activity of soluble beta-1,3/1,6 glucans: Structure matters
Authors: John P. Vasilakos, Nandita Bose, Anissa SH. Chan, Michael E. Danielson, Natalie Elmasry, Keith B. Gorden, Faimola O. Guerrero, Andy Magee, Carolyn M. Maristany, Richard M. Walsh, Paul M. Will, Lindsay R. Wurst
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Beta-glucan is a pathogen-associated molecular pattern recognized by a variety of innate immune cells. Beta-1,3/1,6 glucans possess numerous immune potentiating activities. In particular, antitumor activity has been demonstrated with the soluble beta glucan Imprime PGG used in combination with complement-activating antitumor monoclonal antibodies (MAb) in several tumor models. Structurally, beta-1,3/1,6 glucans can vary on the basis of chain length, types of linkages, branching, and tertiary structure. Previously, the antitumor activity of soluble beta-1,3/1,6 glucans in combination with antitumor MAb has only been reported using beta glucans derived from yeast. The primary objective of this study was to compare the antitumor activity of three structurally distinct soluble beta-1,3/1,6 glucans in vivo in a mouse syngeneic lymphoma model. Tumor-bearing mice were administered antitumor MAb plus beta glucan 2x/week for 4 weeks. Antitumor activity was based on inhibition of tumor growth at the tumor implantation site and enhanced long-term survival. In addition, critical innate immune cells responsible for antitumor activity were identified focusing on the role of neutrophils. Also, characterization of relevant human immune cells and their beta glucan receptors will be shown focusing on complement receptor 3 (CR3) and dectin-1. Beta glucan binding to immune cells and identification of relevant receptors were determined by flow cytometry using beta glucan-specific antibody and fluorescently-labeled beta glucans. Key findings are that soluble beta glucans, which differ structurally, do not induce similar antitumor activity, and antitumor activity is abrogated in granulocyte-deficient mice. Finally, soluble glucans bind to human neutrophils in a CR3-dependent manner. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5627.