tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Activation of the Unfolded Protein Response Is Associated with Favorable Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Julian A. Schardt, Daniel Weber, Marianne Eyholzer, Beatrice U. Mueller, Thomas Pabst
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

The unfolded protein response is triggered by the accumulation of misfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum. Previous studies suggest that the unfolded protein response is activated in some cancer cell lines and involved in tumor development. The role of the unfolded protein response during leukemogenesis is unknown thus far.Here, we assessed the induction of key effectors of the unfolded protein response in leukemic cells at diagnosis of 105 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients comprising all subtypes. We determined the formation of the spliced variant of the X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA, as well as expression levels of calreticulin, GRP78, and CHOP mRNA.The formation of the spliced variant of XBP1s was detectable in 16.2% (17 of 105) of AML patients. Consistent with activated unfolded protein response, this group also had significantly increased expression of calreticulin, GRP78, and CHOP. AML patients with activated unfolded protein response had lower WBC counts, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and more frequently, secondary AML. The incidence of fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations was significantly lower in patients with activated unfolded protein response. In addition, an association was observed between activated unfolded protein response and deletion of chromosome 7. Finally, the clinical course of AML patients with activated unfolded protein response was more favorable with lower relapse rate (P = 0.0182) and better overall (P = 0.041) and disease-free survival (P = 0.022).These results suggest that the unfolded protein response is activated in a considerable subset of AML patients. AML patients with activated unfolded protein response present specific clinical characteristics and a more favorable course of the disease.
Chordal Cutting
Authors: Emmanuel Messas, J. Luis Guerrero, Mark D. Handschumacher, Chris Conrad, Chi-Ming Chow, Suzanne Sullivan, Ajit P. Yoganathan, Robert A. Levine
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Mitral regurgitation (MR) conveys adverse prognosis in ischemic heart disease. Because such MR is related to increased leaflet tethering by displaced attachments to the papillary muscles (PMs), it is incompletely treated by annular reduction. We therefore addressed the hypothesis that such MR can be reduced by cutting a limited number of critically positioned chordae to the leaflet base that most restrict closure but are not required to prevent prolapse. This was tested in 8 mitral valves: a porcine in vitro pilot with PM displacement and 7 sheep with acute inferobasal infarcts studied in vivo with three-dimensional (3D) echo to quantify MR in relation to 3D valve geometry.In all 8 valves, PM displacement restricted leaflet closure, with anterior leaflet angulation at the basal chord insertion, and mild-to-moderate MR. Cutting the 2 central basal chordae reversed this without prolapse. In vivo, MR increased from 0.8+/-0.2 to 7.1+/-0.5 mL/beat after infarction and then decreased to 0.9+/-0.1 mL/beat with chordal cutting (P<0.0001); this paralleled changes in the 3D leaflet area required to cover the orifice as dictated by chordal tethering (r(2)=0.76).Cutting a minimum number of basal chordae can improve coaptation and reduce ischemic MR. Such an approach also suggests the potential for future minimally invasive implementation.
Convulsions induced by enoximone administered as a continuous intravenous infusion.
Authors: I Appadurai, M Edmunds, R Wyatt, T J Spyt
Journal: BMJ (1990)

experience they would wish to repeat.This rating was lower than we expected.Dr Skidmore and colleagues state that they used urine tests to detect intravenous drug use.Urine analysis will detect which drugs have been con- sumed but hitherto has not provided information on the route of drug use.It would be a very interesting development to have a urine test that could distinguish between oral and intravenous drug use.In the past 18 months we have noticed a steady rise in the number of urine specimens containing polyethylene glycol, which was detected by thin layer chromatography.This macromolecule is a constituent of the temazepam soft capsule formula- tion.We initially thought that the presence of polyethylene glycol in the urine was particular to users of intravenous temazepam, but recently we have detected it in the urine of two patients taking very high doses of oral temazepam (400 mg daily).Thus the presence of polyethylene glycol in a urine specimen should remind the doctor to examine the patient for evidence of fresh injection marks.In the era of HIV and AIDS investigations that could distinguish between oral and intraverous drug use would help to monitor progress in encouraging drug users to stop injecting.Further work is required to explore the feasibility of such developments.
Identification of conserved antigenic components for a cytotoxic T lymphocyte-inducing vaccine against malaria
Authors: M Aidoo, A Lalvani, C.E.M Allsopp, M Plebanski, P Krausa, M Browning, F Gotch, K.J.H Robson, A.V.S Hill, S.J Meisner, S Morris Jones, B.M Greenwood, H.C Whittle, D.A Fidock, P Druilhe, M Takiguchi
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
Adrenaline in the treatment of anaphylaxis: what is the evidence?
Authors: A. P C McLean-Tooke
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the recommended first line treatment for patients with anaphylaxis.This review discusses the safety and efficacy of adrenaline in the treatment of anaphylaxis in the light of currently available evidence.A pragmatic approach to use of adrenaline auto-injectors is suggested.Anaphylaxis is the clinical syndrome representing the most severe systemic allergic reactions.Mediator release results in smooth muscle contraction, vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and activation of vagal pathways, leading to the classic features of anaphylaxis, including urticaria and angioedema, bronchoconstriction and hypotension.Owing to the nature of anaphylaxis there are few controlled clinical trials, and therapeutic recommendations are based on clinical observation and animal models.We look at the current evidence for the use of adrenaline (epinephrine) in anaphylaxis, including its safety and route and timing of administration.We also discuss adrenaline auto-injectors and their role in patients with anaphylaxis. MethodsWe searched Medline using the key words adrenaline, anaphylaxis, epinephrine, and Epipen, and articles from the authors' personal collection.When necessary we accessed cross references and related articles.Evidence has been graded, where possible (see bmj.com).Only studies with clinical outcomes have been classified (see table on bmj.com); those showing in vitro improvements have not been graded.
Patient and Citizen Participation in Health: The Need for Improved Ethical Support
Authors: Laura Williamson
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2014)

Patient and citizen participation is now regarded as central to the promotion of sustainable health and health care. Involvement efforts create and encounter many diverse ethical challenges that have the potential to enhance or undermine their success. This article examines different expressions of patient and citizen participation and the support health ethics offers. It is contended that despite its prominence and the link between patient empowerment and autonomy, traditional bioethics is insufficient to guide participation efforts. In addition, the turn to a "social paradigm" of ethics in examinations of biotechnologies and public health does not provide an account of values that is commensurable with the pervasive autonomy paradigm. This exacerbates rather than eases tensions for patients and citizens endeavoring to engage with health. Citizen and patient participation must have a significant influence on the way we do health ethics if its potential is to be fulfilled.
Charles A. Janeway: Pediatrician to the World’s Children
Authors: David G. Nathan
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Kylemore nuns
Authors: R. McGouran
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The view of Kylemore Abbey across the lake is one of the most romantic in Connemara. It was built in 1866 by Mitchell Henry, a London surgeon, who had first visited Kylemore on his honeymoon. His father, a Manchester textile merchant, died a few years later, leaving the fortune that allowed Henry to resign from the Middlesex Hospital and build a castle by the lake. But the Henrys were destined to enjoy Kylemore together for only seven years before Margaret died of Nile fever on an Egyptian holiday. A few hundred yards to the right of the abbey, hidden …
Autopsy—Current Issues-Reply
Authors: William R. Hendee
Journal: JAMA (1987)

In Reply.—  Interpersonal relationships between physician and family are important when requesting autopsy. The request for autopsy occurs during a time of intense emotional experience for bereaved families and requires a balance between the science and the art of medical practice, and between the expansion of knowledge and respect for human suffering. In every case, scientific inquiry should be secondary to concern for individuals. 1   Several authors have addressed the complexity of acquiring permission for autopsy after death. 2-4 Effective counseling and support for the bereaved require education of physicians to achieve effective and sympathetic interaction. Role modeling by faculty as a method of teaching is highly recommended to demonstrate prevailing attitudes, religious dicta, and scientific imperatives. 5   Discomfort surrounding requests for autopsy could be reduced by educating the public on the benefits of this procedure. Appreciation for the role of autopsy in helping to assuage grief by explaining the
Survey of equipment in general practice.
Authors: N. Bradley, S. Watkins
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Partners in general practice have to buy any equipment they want themselves. As a result partners in high investing practices have lower net incomes. Of the 297 practices in Devon and Cornwall, 265 responded to a questionnaire listing 115 possible items of practice equipment. Overall, practices seemed to be fairly well equipped. Key findings were that 193 of those who responded had an electrocardiograph, 206 had a kit for minor operations, 119 owned a computer, and less than one third owned a microscope. Most of these practices were high investors. There seems to be a shift away from some traditional instruments towards expensive information technology. Government policies are encouraging the use of computers and such equipment, though funds are not necessarily being made available for this purpose.
The Nuremberg Code, German Law, and Prominent Physician-Thinkers
Authors: Hans-Martin Sass
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In his article on the Nuremberg Code, Dr Katz<sup>1</sup>argues that the prosecution of Nazi physicians in the Nuremberg military trials was burdened by the "absence of preexisting and widely recognized written rules for human experimentation" and that "medical codes of ethics existent at the time of the Nazi atrocities did not address consent and other safeguards for human subjects." The Nazi physicians not only committed crimes against humanity, but also violated existing German laws.<sup>2</sup>The Reich Regulation Concerning New Therapy and Human Experimentation<sup>3</sup>required that "new therapy may only be applied if consent or proxy consent has been given in a clear and undebatable manner following earlier appropriate information" and made the chief physician of a medical institution personally responsible that "principles of medical ethics and the rules of the medical arts and sciences, both in its design and in its realization," be
HLA-B27 Antigen in Women With Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Peter M. Levitin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Twenty-three (85.2%) of 27 female patients with ankylosing spondylitis were positive for HLA-B27 antigen, including 15 of 18 white women (83.3%) and eight of nine black women (88.9%). Ankylosing spondylitis in women appears to have the same high association with HLA-B27 antigen as that reported in predominantly male studies (88% to 96%). Determination of this antigen may be useful in the evaluation of female patients suspected of having ankylosing spondylitis.
Seeking `critical difference' in malignant melanoma
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Is malignant melanoma actually a heterogeneous population of cancers? If so, is it possible to identify subtle differences among melanomas that account for survival variability and to treat the patients accordingly? At Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, and New York University School of Medicine, members of the Melanoma Clinical Cooperative Group suggest that the answer to both questions is yes. The latest in their series of approaches to determining the prognosis of different melanomas is an analysis of color photographs of the cancers. So far, the investigators reported at the San Francisco meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology, color photographs of 245 stage I primary melanomas have been studied. When the details seen in these photos were added to clinical and histological variables previously analyzed for predictive value in 107 patients with stage I melanoma, a combination of three morphological variables was found to indicate a poor prognosis: all
Mitral Stenosis with Long-Lasting Congestive Heart Failure or Auricular Fibrillation
Authors: Donald E. Love, Samuel A. Levine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE outlook for the patient with mitral stenosis in whom objective evidence of congestive heart failure or auricular fibrillation has already developed has generally been considered grave. Studies have indicated that the average survival after onset of congestive heart failure or auricular fibrillation is in the range of three to five years.1 2 3 However, observation of patients in the cardiac clinic of the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital who have survived for as long as a quarter of a century after the onset of these complications has posed a question of the frequency of such prolonged survival. Accordingly, the records of the . . .
Analogical inferences are central to analogy
Authors: Arthur B. Markman, Jeffrey P. Laux
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract It is important to take a developmental approach to the problem of analogy. One limitation of this approach, however, is that it does not deal with the complexity of making analogical inferences. There are a few key principles of analogical inference that are not well captured by the analogical relational priming (ARP) model.
Evaluation of the effect of metoprolol on energy metabolism in the ischaemic myocardium in relation to regional myocardial blood flow
Authors: M. NANKI, K.-I. ITOH, T. MATSUBARA, K. NISHIMURA, T. KAMBE, S. SUGIYAMA, T. OZAWA, N. SAKAMOTO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

Journal Article Evaluation of the effect of metoprolol on energy metabolism in the ischaemic myocardium in relation to regional myocardial blood flow Get access MICHIO NANKI, MICHIO NANKI **From the Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KEN-ICHI ITOH, KEN-ICHI ITOH **From the Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar TATSUAKI MATSUBARA, TATSUAKI MATSUBARA **From the Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KINYA NISHIMURA, KINYA NISHIMURA **From the Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar TADASHI KAMBE, TADASHI KAMBE **From the Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SATORU SUGIYAMA, SATORU SUGIYAMA †From the Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar TAKAYUKI OZAWA, TAKAYUKI OZAWA †From the Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar NOBUO SAKAMOTO NOBUO SAKAMOTO **From the Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 21, Issue 9, September 1987, Pages 660–667, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/21.9.660 Published: 01 September 1987 Article history Received: 16 November 1986 Accepted: 14 March 1987 Published: 01 September 1987
Translational control of mGluR-dependent long-term depression and object-place learning by eIF2α
Authors: Gonzalo Viana Di Prisco, Wei Huang, Shelly A Buffington, Chih-Chun Hsu, Penelope E Bonnen, Andon N Placzek, Carmela Sidrauski, Krešimir Krnjević, Randal J Kaufman, Peter Walter, Mauro Costa-Mattioli
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
Attitudes to NICE guidance on refeeding syndrome
Authors: A. D. Silva, T. Smith, M. Stroud
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Any discussion on the risks of the refeeding syndrome should include the increased threat of infection that may often be silent in malnutrition.1 Malnourished patients may develop infection without showing the usual septic markers—such as an increased temperature, leucocyte count, or C reactive protein. We therefore advocate septic screening and a low threshold for …
Russia's imperial blood: Was Rasputin not the healer of legend?
Authors: John M.L. Kendrick
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract The only son of Russia's last Tsar, a great‐grandson of Queen Victoria, continues to be used as the favorite example of the X‐linked inheritance of hemophilia, in spite of the fact that this popular historical diathesis has never been confirmed by any form of modern medical laboratory testing. Certain to be controversial, a new study of the symptoms that were witnessed by those who were closest to the teenaged Russian heir now raises the possibility that his blood disorder might well have been something other than hemophilia. The key to discovering Tsarevich Alexei's true diagnosis is found in those now legendary allegations that the infamous “Mad Monk”, Grigory Rasputin, had possessed a power of healing that was somehow responsible for the young boy's mysterious history of spontaneous recoveries. If we are to accept the popular diagnosis of history and call it a clotting factor deficiency, then the boy's now famous sudden recoveries will remain a complete mystery. The so‐called “Mad Monk” Rasputin, as a direct result of the revolutionary propaganda of the time, is then overblown into a larger‐than‐life legend. If, however, we are to change the diagnosis and call it a platelet disorder, then the air is let out of the legend, and Rasputin is revealed to have been nothing more than a very ordinary middle‐aged Siberian hippie who did not possess any healing powers at all. Am. J. Hematol. 77:92–102, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Five Families with Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis
Authors: NED SNYDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Members of five families, in whom at least one member was known to have multiple endocrine tumors, were screened for involvement with multiple endocrine adenomatosis. Of 27 family members who had not been previously studied, 8 were found to have hypercalcemia, of whom 7 were asymptomatic. All families had members with parathyroid and pancreatic islet cell tumors, and some families also had pituitary tumors, lipomas, and bronchial carcinoids. In the total sample of 38 patients the commonest abnormality was hypercalcemia, and the next commonest was pancreatic tumors. The most useful screening methods were taking clinical histories and evaluating serum calcium. We conclude that all family members of patients with multiple endocrine adenomatosis should be studied for possible involvement.
Sublobular distribution of transferases and hydrolases associated with glucuronide, sulfate and glutathione conjugation in human liver
Authors: Mohamed El Mouelhi, Frederick C. Kauffman
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

Activities of glucuronosyltransferase, sulfotransferase, glutathione S -transferase, β-glucuronidase and sulfatase were determined in microdissected samples of periportal and pericentral sublobular regions from four human livers obtained at immediate autopsy. New methods are presented for the microdetermination of sulfotransferase and sulfatase activities in microdissected samples weighing 0.1 to 4 μg dry weight using umbelliferone and 4-methylumbelliferone sulfate as substrates. The three transferases were distributed heterogenously across the liver lobule. Glucuronosyltransferase and glutathione S -transferase were localized predominantly in pericentral regions. In contrast, sulfotransferase activity was greater in periportal than pericentral regions. Average activities for glucuronosyltransferase and sulfotransferase were 23, and 50 μmoles. gm dry wt −1 . hr −1 , respectively, in periportal regions, and 34 and 38 μmoles. gm dry wt −1 . hr −1 , respectively, in pericentral regions. Activities of glutathione S -transferase were considerably higher than those of the other transferases and were 8.3 mmoles. gm dry wt −1 . hr −1 in periportal areas and 12.2 mmoles. gm dry wt −1 hr −1 in pericentral areas. The two hydrolases studied, β-glucuronidase and sulfatase, were evenly distributed across the liver lobule. The presence of significant hydrolase and transferase activities in both zones of the liver lobule supports the idea that net production of both sulfate and glucuronide conjugates may be influenced by futile cycling of conjugation-deconjugation reactions in both zones of the liver. Based on enhanced formation of sulfate but not glucuronide conjugates in homogenates of human liver treated with inhibitors of the hydrolases, it is suggested that futile cycling is more pertinent to the regulation of sulfation than glucuronidation.
Deletion of the protein tyrosine phosphatase gene PTPN2 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Maria Kleppe, Idoya Lahortiga, Tiama El Chaar, Kim De Keersmaecker, Nicole Mentens, Carlos Graux, Katrien Van Roosbroeck, Adolfo A Ferrando, Anton W Langerak, Jules P P Meijerink, François Sigaux, Torsten Haferlach, Iwona Wlodarska, Peter Vandenberghe, Jean Soulier, Jan Cools
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)