tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chlamydial disease pathogenesis. The 57-kD chlamydial hypersensitivity antigen is a stress response protein.
Authors: R P Morrison, R J Belland, K Lyng, H D Caldwell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Chlamydia trachomatis infection of humans is commonly a localized inflammation that can result in infertility, blindness, and perhaps arthritis. The pathogenic process(es) that cause these sequelae are thought to be immunological. A 57-kD protein that is common among Chlamydia elicits ocular inflammation when introduced onto the conjunctivae of guinea pigs or nonhuman primates previously sensitized by chlamydial infection. This protein is thought to mediate the immunopathology that follows chlamydial infection. To more thoroughly characterize this chlamydial component, we cloned its gene from a C. psittaci strain and identified a particular recombinant that produced the 57-kD polypeptide. The recombinant gene product was immunoreactive with a monospecific anti-57-kD serum, and elicited an ocular inflammation similar to that produced by the 57-kD antigen isolated from chlamydiae. Sequencing identified two ORFs that encode polypeptides of 11.2 and 58.1 kD and are co-transcribed. These two polypeptides show homology with Escherichia coli groE and Coxiella burnetii htp heat-shock proteins. Striking homology (greater than 50%) was found between the 57-kD protein and the HtpB, GroEL, 65-k Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Hsp60 proteins. Thus, the 57-kD chlamydial protein, previously implicated as mediating a deleterious immunologic response to chlamydial infections, is a stress-induced protein similar to those that occur universally in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
Bone Scintigraphy in Oxalosis
Authors: SUMATHI MURTHY, JOEL ROSEN, PETER CHAU, DORY ALTMAN, DOUGLAS ISRAEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Several physiologic and pathologic conditions demonstrating extraosseous localization of bone scanning agents have been described, including metastatic calcification of the soft tissues secondary to metabolic disorders, malignancies, and chronic renal failure. However, extraosseous uptake in primary oxalosis has not been documented, although scintigraphic uptake pattern in a patient with primary oxalosis has been described. Oxalosis (Hyperoxaluria) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder of glyoxylate metabolism. Type 1 (glycolic aciduria) is caused by the deficiency of 2-oxoglutarate; glyoxylate carboligase results in excessive urinary excretion of oxalic, glycolic, and glyoxylic acids. Type-2 (L-glyceric aciduria) is caused by the deficiency of D-glyceric dehydrogenase and results in the accumulation of hydroxypyruvate and in excessive urinary excretion of oxalic and glyceric acids. Both are clinically indistinguishable and are characterized by formation of renal calculi and extrarenal deposits of calcium oxalate. Myocardium is a common site of oxalate deposits. Presented is a patient with primary oxalosis with renal and myocardial involvement visualized on bone scintigraphy.
New campaign to encourage use of national IT programme begins
Authors: Michael Cross
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A new drive has been launched to persuade clinicians to support the multibillion pound computerisation programme of the NHS in England. The initiative comes as a survey by the polling company Medix shows continuing scepticism among doctors over the national programme for IT—key systems of which experienced a technical breakdown over Christmas and the new year.

The survey's finding came just as the “choose and book” system was launched. This system allows a GP to refer a patient for elective treatment at another centre via a computer system (thus booking the appointment direct from the surgery). The new service was not available, however, on the day that the health secretary, Patricia Hewitt, formally launched the government's Patient Choice reform in the NHS. The underlying network had a spate of problems between 18 December and 4 January which affected the electronic booking …
Successful Allogeneic Transplantation of T-Cell–Depleted Bone Marrow from Closely HLA-Matched Unrelated Donors
Authors: Robert C. Ash, James T. Casper, Christopher R. Chitambar, Richard Hansen, Nancy Bunin, Robert L. Truitt, Colleen Lawton, Kevin Murray, Jay Hunter, Lee Ann Baxter-Lowe, Jerome L. Gottschall, Katalin Oldham, Tom Anderson, Bruce Camitta, Jay Menitove
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

We describe a four-year experience with bone marrow transplantation involving closely HLA-matched unrelated donors and 55 consecutive patients with hematologic disease who were seven months to 48.6 years old (median, 18 years). An intensive pretransplantation conditioning regimen and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with CD3-directed T-cell depletion and cyclosporine were employed.
Abstract 1344: Downregulation of mortalin increased mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunctions
Authors: So Jung Park, Dong-Hyung Cho
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Mitochondria are essential organelles in the establishment of tumor characteristics such as the resistance to cell death, high proliferative capacity and adaptation to unfavorable cellular environment. Mitochondrial dynamics greatly influence the function and morphology of mitochondria. Until now various post-translational modifications for mitochondrial dynamic proteins and several regulatory proteins have explained complex mitochondrial dynamics. However, the precise mechanism that coordinates these complex processes remains unclear. To further understand the regulatory machinery of mitochondrial dynamics, we screened a mitochondrial siRNA library and identified mortalin as a potential regulatory protein. Mortalin is a heat-non-inducible member of the heat shock protein 70 family and it binds to p53 and prevents p53 from entering the nucleus. Both genetic and chemical inhibition of mortalin strongly induced mitochondrial fragmentation and increased cytotoxicity as well as mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, overexpression of mortalin significantly suppressed mitochondrial fragmentation and cell death. Taken together, our results suggest that down-regulation of mortalin potentiates mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: So Jung Park, Dong-Hyung Cho. Downregulation of mortalin increased mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunctions. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1344. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1344
The role of the content (decreased level of apolipoprotein A1) and of the container (bile duct stricture, sectorial dilatation of the ducts determining bile stasis) in the pathogenesis of hepatolithiasis, either pigment or cholesterol
Authors: Francesco Cetta, Francesco Lombardo, Andrea Cariati
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

In my opinion, because of the unrealistically high concentrations of individual unbound bile salts (often as the unconjugated species) often used in in vitro studies, Carey's hypothesis remains unproved.If this important issue is to be resolved, future in vitro studies of bile salt cytotoxicity and cytoprotection must be performed with appropriate mixtures of predominantly conjugated bile salts over a range of concentrations below 30 kmol/L in the presence of 4 gm/dl human serum albumin, and less than 3 p,moVL if albumin is omitted from the medium.Only effects shown with such bile salt mixtures, or with endogenous bile salts present in plasma or serum obtained from patients with liver disease, are likely to have pathophysiological relevance in short-term studies.Because toxicity may be related to concentration times duration of exposure, prolonged incubations, simulating chronic cholestatic disease, would be ideal, but cannot yet be achieved with hepatocyte cultures.It is, however, problematic whether brief exposure to vastly higher concentrations of bile salts is an experimentally adequate substitute.
From Node to Pathway Blockade: Lessons Learned From Targeting Mammalian Target of Rapamycin
Authors: Manuel Hidalgo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2011.37.9701 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print November 7, 2011 PMID: 22067403 From Node to Pathway Blockade: Lessons Learned From Targeting Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Manuel HidalgoxManuel HidalgoSearch for articles by this author Show More Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas, Hospital de Madrid; and Universidad Centro de Estudios Universitarios–San Pablo, Madrid, Spain https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.37.9701 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2011 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Letter: Type IV hyperlipidaemia in cord blood.
Authors: J M Darmady
Journal: BMJ (1973)

We consider that a self-administered questionnaire can be used to detect depression, although a single direct question such as we asked would not be very sensi- tive.However, it is noteworthy that 29 °/, of the replies to the question were positive.There was no excess of positive replies in patients taking methyldopa compared with patients taking other drugs.Patients who became severely depressed on any treatment regimen would have their treatment altered.These patients, however, represent only a stnall proportion of the patients studied.Drs. R. P. Snaith and M. McCoubrie (personal communication) have given the Wakefield Self-Assessment Depression In- ventory to 134 patients receiving me-thyldopa, and have also failed to demonstrate an increase in depression while taking this drug.-Weare, etc.,
Antenatal Diagnosis, Alpha Fetoprotein and the FDA
Authors: Aubrey Milunsky, Elliot Alpert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The antenatal diagnosis of hereditary disorders represents one of the most important advances in modern obstetrics through the identification in early pregnancy of fetal diseases associated with irreparable mental retardation and serious or fatal genetic disease.1 In October, 1975, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Collaborative Amniocentesis Registry Project made public the result of a four-year study on the safety and accuracy of amniocentesis in early pregnancy. Some 1040 women having a mid-trimester amniocentesis for genetic studies were compared to 992 women as matched controls. No statistically significant difference was noted for fetal loss in the amniocentesis . . .
Single-balloon enteroscopy in life-threatening small-intestine hemorrhage
Authors: P. Katsinelos, G. Chatzimavroudis, C. Zavos, K. Fasoulas, J. Kountouras
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

We read with interest the article by Mönkemüller et al. [1] on the positive role of emergency double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in the diagnosis and treatment of overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. We herein describe a life-threatening small-intestine active hemorrhage diagnosed endoscopically with single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE), thus strengthening the significance of enteroscopy in the future as a first-choice examination for active small-bowel bleeding.
Source and Significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Sputum
Authors: Vera L. Sutter
Journal: JAMA (1966)

An increased incidence of<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>in sputum of debilitated patients, many of whom required endotracheal suctioning, led to an investigation of the source and significance of these bacteria. Cultures of aseptically collected tracheal aspirates and solutions used for rinsing suction catheters, together with bacteriophage typing of the<i>Pseudomonas</i>strains recovered, showed that the majority of patients were being contaminated with<i>Pseudomonas</i>growing in the catheter rinse solutions. Half of the patients who acquired<i>Pseudomonas</i>in their tracheas were believed to have clinically significant<i>Pseudomonas</i>infection. Tracheal suctioning should be conducted with rigid aseptic care and the techniques now widely used need thorough revision.
Transplacental Passage of Insulin in Pregnant Women with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ram K. Menon, Robert M. Cohen, Mark A. Sperling, Wayne S. Cutfield, Francis Mimouni, Jane C. Khoury
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Fetal macrosomia occurs despite nearly normal maternal blood glucose levels in women with diabetes treated with insulin. We examined the hypothesis that it may be caused by insulin transferred as an insulin-antibody complex from the mother to her fetus. We adapted and validated a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography and used it to quantitate insulin in small volumes (0.5 to 1.0 ml) of cord serum from 51 infants born to mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Former GP and public health consultant is to stand in Eastleigh byelection in support of NHS
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A local doctor, expert on public health, and former navy medical officer is to stand in the Eastleigh byelection on 28 February for the National Health Action Party, which was set up last year by doctors and public health experts to defend the NHS, something it says no other party is doing.

The seat in Hampshire has become available after the resignation of the Liberal Democrat Chris Huhne.

Iain Maclennan, 54, lives in Bursledon, in the borough of Eastleigh. He has just retired from the NHS after serving as a GP for some years and more recently as a consultant in public health with the local Hampshire Primary Care Trust. He also served 10 …
Dedicated Observation Unit for Patients With “Observation Status”—Reply
Authors: Ann M. Sheehy
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The effect of vardenafil, a potent and highly selective phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, on the cardiovascular response to exercise in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Udho Thadani, William Smith, Stephen Nash, Neville Bittar, Stephen Glasser, Puneet Narayan, Richard A Stein, Sharon Larkin, Arthur Mazzu, Robert Tota, Kenneth Pomerantz, Pavur Sundaresan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Role of Endothelial Dysfunction and Arterial Stiffness in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Gerasimos Siasos, Nikolaos Gouliopoulos, Marilita M. Moschos, Evangelos Oikonomou, Christina Kollia, Theodosia Konsola, Dimitrios Athanasiou, Georgia Siasou, Konstantinos Mourouzis, Konstantinos Zisimos, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains one of the most important diabetic microvascular complications and a leading cause of irreversible blindness, highlighting the importance of close monitoring. The atherosclerotic progression in patients with insulin resistance is precipitated by endothelial dysfunction and vascular impairment (1). Therefore, we examined the association of endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness with DR and how these measurements can be used for the early identification and monitoring of patients at high risk to develop DR.

In this case-control study, we included 100 healthy control (CL) subjects and 200 consecutive subjects with type 2 diabetes recruited from the 1st Department of Ophthalmology of the University of Athens Medical School where they were referred to evaluate for DR. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination by the same experienced ophthalmologist, which included fundoscopy after pupillary dilation, fluorescein angiography, and colorful fundus photographs. The diabetic patients, according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) classification, were categorized into three groups: 1 ) no DR (NDR) (108 …
Social Control of the Drinking Driver
Authors: Kevin W. Olden
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The topic of drunk driving has gained tremendous attention from the public and the medical profession in the last decade. Our society has undergone a dramatic shift in attitude from almost passive acceptance to one of increasing concern regarding the drunk driver. Drunk driving today is widely perceived as a major public health problem. Although many changes have occurred in the legal and social management of the drunk driver, these events have been poorly studied by social and medical scientists. The effects of more rigorous enforcement and increased penalties and monitoring of the drunk driver have been reassuring to the public but by and large have not been the topic of scholarly review. The authors of this book have made a major attempt to correct this deficiency. Authored by legal and social scholars from a number of countries in North America and western Europe, this book represents a major review
AIDS and Testing for AIDS
Authors: Robert S. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  The recent COUNCIL REPORT on human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) testing 1 provides important information on the meaning of the newly available serological tests for HTLV-III antibody and on information to be provided to individuals who have repeated positive test results. Since many of the readers of the report may have little or no experience with AIDS or HTLV-III testing, I believe that there are several clarifications of the recommendations that should be made.  Public and private organizations are urged to advise high-risk individuals who have repeated positive results to establish a relationship with a physician trained in and experienced with signs and symptoms of AIDS and related disorders. It is essential that the same organizations be urged to ensure that individuals have access to such physicians.  The recommendation regarding advising seropositive women about their offspring implies that any offspring is at increased risk of
Genes of Cyanobacterial Origin in Plant Nuclear Genomes Point to a Heterocyst-Forming Plastid Ancestor
Authors: O. Deusch, G. Landan, M. Roettger, N. Gruenheit, K. V. Kowallik, J. F. Allen, W. Martin, T. Dagan
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

Plastids are descended from a cyanobacterial symbiosis which occurred over 1.2 billion years ago. During the course of endosymbiosis, most genes were lost from the cyanobacterium's genome and many were relocated to the host nucleus through endosymbiotic gene transfer (EGT). The issue of how many genes were acquired through EGT in different plant lineages is unresolved. Here, we report the genome-wide frequency of gene acquisitions from cyanobacteria in 4 photosynthetic eukaryotes--Arabidopsis, rice, Chlamydomonas, and the red alga Cyanidioschyzon--by comparison of the 83,138 proteins encoded in their genomes with 851,607 proteins encoded in 9 sequenced cyanobacterial genomes, 215 other reference prokaryotic genomes, and 13 reference eukaryotic genomes. The analyses entail 11,569 phylogenies inferred with both maximum likelihood and Neighbor-Joining approaches. Because each phylogenetic result is dependent not only upon the reconstruction method but also upon the site patterns in the underlying alignment, we investigated how the reliability of site pattern generation via alignment affects our results: if the site patterns in an alignment differ depending upon the order in which amino acids are introduced into multiple sequence alignment--N- to C-terminal versus C- to N-terminal--then the phylogenetic result is likely to be artifactual. Excluding unreliable alignments by this means, we obtain a conservative estimate, wherein about 14% of the proteins examined in each plant genome indicate a cyanobacterial origin for the corresponding nuclear gene, with higher proportions (17-25%) observed among the more reliable alignments. The identification of cyanobacterial genes in plant genomes affords access to an important question: from which type of cyanobacterium did the ancestor of plastids arise? Among the 9 cyanobacterial genomes sampled, Nostoc sp. PCC7120 and Anabaena variabilis ATCC29143 were found to harbor collections of genes which are-in terms of presence/absence and sequence similarity-more like those possessed by the plastid ancestor than those of the other 7 cyanobacterial genomes sampled here. This suggests that the ancestor of plastids might have been an organism more similar to filamentous, heterocyst-forming (nitrogen-fixing) representatives of section IV recognized in Stanier's cyanobacterial classification. Members of section IV are very common partners in contemporary symbiotic associations involving endosymbiotic cyanobacteria, which generally provide nitrogen to their host, consistent with suggestions that fixed nitrogen supplied by the endosymbiont might have played an important role during the origin of plastids.