tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Placental transfer of cadmium in rats: influence of dose and gestational age.
Authors: B R Sonawane, M Nordberg, G F Nordberg, G W Lucier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Placental transfer rates of cadmium were investigated in rats in relation to dose (0.1, 0.4, and 1.6 mg Cd/kg) and the gestational age (12, 15, and 20 days) when rats were treated. Pregnant rats were injected intravenously with a single dose of 109CdCl2 (approximately 20 muCi/animal), and animals were sacrificed after 24 hr. 109Cd concentrations were measured in the fetus, placenta, maternal liver, and blood. Cadmium crossed the placenta at all doses and at all gestational ages tested. However, higher percentages of administered cadmium accumulated in the fetus with increasing dose and increasing gestational age. For example, after pregnant rats were injected with low, middle, and high doses of Cd on day 12 of gestation, fetuses accumulated 0.0001, 0.0028, and 0.0095 per cent of the injected dose, respectively. Percentages of administered Cd detected in placental tissue did not change consistently with dose but Cd levels did increase with gestational age. Placental to maternal blood Cd concentration ratios increased with gestational age but not with dose. Maternal liver to fetal liver concentration ratios were 295, 137, and 27 for low, middle and high doses, respectively, 24 hr after pregnant rats were treated on day 20 of gestation. These results are discussed in relation to placental damage, metallothionein inducibility, and fetotoxicity.
Public Health England endorses limiting saturated fat intake
Authors: A. Tedstone, V. Pyne
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Malhotra’s article is based on limited evidence.1 Government recommendations of limiting saturated fat intake to no more than 11% of total food energy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease are based on longstanding advice from the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy.2 These recommendations are also endorsed by the Scientific Advisory Committee …
Modified suprascapular nerve block with bupivacaine alone effectively controls chronic shoulder pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: K Gado, P Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

Chronic shoulder pain is a common and disabling symptom in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It has been previously shown that a suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) using the standard mixture of bupivacaine and adrenaline (Ba) plus methylprednisolone (P), which is routinely used in pain clinics, results in a considerable improvement in pain relief and range of movement compared with conventional intra-articular steroid injections in such patients. A double blind study was carried out in 29 patients (58 shoulders) with RA to compare SSNB induced with Ba alone with that induced using the conventional mixture of Ba plus P. Highly significant improvements were noted in measures of pain, stiffness, and range of most movements for both treatments (up to three months) compared with baseline. Results favoured Ba alone; the differences between the two treatments reached statistical significance for stiffness (at 12 weeks) and active abduction (at one week). It is concluded that the addition of P to the SSNB mixture confers no benefit in these patients.
EVALUATION OF RV AND LV MASS BY CMR AND COMPARISON TO RECIPIENT HEART FOLLOWING ORTHOTOPIC HEART TRANSPLANTION; THE FIRST-EVER CMR HUMAN AUTOPSY STUDY
Authors: Sahadev Reddy, Nicholas Farber, Mark Doyle, Geetha Rayarao, Diane Thompson, Ronald Williams, June Yamrozik, Srinivas Murali, Robert Biederman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Challenge and change
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Here in Auchendreich, far removed from the frenetic pace of events common in the great teaching centres, we pride ourselves on taking the longer view. This is in part a feature of the innate stolidity of the semi-rural Scot, and in part a matter of evidence based realism: our flagship new hospital, opened only last May, was, after all, in its planning stages for more than 30 years.

So at all levels there is recognition that …
SEROLOGICAL TESTS FOR HOMOLOGOUS SERUM PROTEINS IN TISSUE CULTURES MAINTAINED ON A FOREIGN MEDIUM
Authors: Karl Landsteiner, Raymond C. Parker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

Connective tissue cells (fibroblasts) derived from skeletal muscle of 12 day old chick embryos were cultivated for almost 8 months (35 weekly passages) in rabbit plasma and rabbit embryo tissue juice diluted with Tyrode's solution. When fluids separated from these cultures were tested with immune precipitins developed against chicken serum, they gave positive reactions which showed no tendency to diminish with an increasing number of culture generations. Barring the intervention of unknown precipitable substances, these results indicate that connective tissue can produce proteins which are identical with, or closely related to, serum proteins. The experiments further demonstrated that tissues cultivated in a foreign plasma do not lose their species specificity.
A novel<i>GJB6</i>missense mutation in hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 2 (Clouston syndrome) broadens its genotypic basis
Authors: H.N. Baris, A. Zlotogorski, G. Peretz-Amit, V. Doviner, M. Shohat, H. Reznik-Wolf, E. Pras
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article A novel GJB6 missense mutation in hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 2 (Clouston syndrome) broadens its genotypic basis Get access H.N. Baris, H.N. Baris The Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, IsraelSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel E‐mail:barish@clalit.org.il Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Zlotogorski, A. Zlotogorski Department of Dermatology and the Center for Genetic Diseases of the Skin and Hair Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Peretz‐Amit, G. Peretz‐Amit The Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Doviner, V. Doviner Department of Pathology, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Shohat, M. Shohat The Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva 49100, IsraelSackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Reznik‐Wolf, H. Reznik‐Wolf The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Pras E. Pras Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, IsraelThe Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 6, 1 December 2008, Pages 1373–1376, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08796.x Published: 01 December 2008
Concentration-dependent enhancement of junctional pacemaker activity by verapamil in man.
Authors: J B Schwartz, A P Nielsen, J C Griffin
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The effects of verapamil on junctional and sinoatrial activity were studied in eight patients with third-degree atrioventricular block and stable junctional rhythms. After intravenous infusion of verapamil three steady-state levels were reached as follows: 34 +/- 16 (SS1), 68 +/- 30 (SS2), and 129 +/- 54 (SS3) ng/ml. At each steady-state level, spontaneous sinus and junctional cycle lengths, QT intervals, junctional recovery times after ventricular pacing, blood pressure, and circulating catecholamine concentrations were measured. These measurements were compared with observations made during an identical protocol (except for the exclusion of verapamil infusions) on a control day. No significant changes were detected in the spontaneous sinus or junctional cycle length, junctional recovery times at a fixed pacing cycle length, blood pressure, or circulating catecholamine concentrations during the control day. In response to verapamil, the mean junctional cycle length decreased from a baseline value of 1320 +/- 239 to 1254 +/- 210, 1199 +/- 214, 1069 +/- 151 msec at SS1, SS2, and SS3 (p less than .01). Sinus cycle length (msec) was unaffected or slightly lengthened from 749 +/- 165 at baseline to 821 +/- 222 at SS1, 831 +/- 222 at SS2, and 817 +/- 175 at SS3 (NS). Mean blood pressure, circulating catecholamine concentrations, and corrected QT intervals were also unchanged by verapamil. Verapamil enhanced junctional pacemaker activity in patients with third-degree atrioventricular block, suggesting that (1) these rhythms originate in cells that are not suppressed by the slow-channel antagonism of verapamil and (2) the acceleration of junctional activity seen in response to verapamil reflects a verapamil effect rather than toxicity.
Alujjage Dona Padma Rajapakse
Authors: Yasa Rajapakse
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former community paediatric audiological physician Bedford (b Sri Lanka 1938; q Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1966; DCH, DCCH, MRCPCH), died from multiple organ failure on 11 April 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




After graduation Padma started a career in paediatrics in Colombo. Later she moved to community child health. In 1976 she came to the United Kingdom and began work in Bedford, first as a clinical medical officer and later as a senior clinical medical officer. At the age of 52 she completed an MSc course in audiology. As her research project she conducted the clinical trial for an instrument that is now used for testing hearing in newborn babies. She was trusted as a caring “auntie” to all the young doctors and many other trainees from Sri Lanka who passed through Bedford. She leaves a husband, Yasa, and a daughter.
Localized panniculitis secondary to subcutaneous glatiramer acetate injections for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Luis Miguel Soares Almeida, Luis Requena, Heinz Kutzner, Jorge Angulo, Joao de Sa, Joao Pignatelli
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
Ectopic Pregnancy and Reproductive Technology
Authors: Robert N. Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The frequency of ectopic pregnancy has approximately tripled in each of the last two decades<sup>1,2</sup>and is currently See also p 1823. reaching epidemic proportions in the United States and the United Kingdom.<sup>3</sup>At the University of California, San Francisco, Hospitals, the rate of ectopic pregnancy has paralleled this trend, increasing from one per 123 live births to one per 36 live births during the past ten years.<sup>4</sup>As in other epidemics, physicians and public health professionals have two primary responsibilities: (1) to provide timely and effective care to women afflicted with tubal pregnancy and (2) to ascertain the causes of this escalating problem, so that appropriate preventive measures can be instituted to eradicate this fertility-compromising and potentially life-threatening condition. The responsibilities of physicians were summarized perceptively by Dr Bernard Rieux, the narrator of Camus' classic novel,<i>The Plague</i>, who dispassionately and selflessly battled a plague epidemic
Uptake and acceptability of antenatal HIV testing: randomised controlled trial of different methods of offering the test
Authors: W. M Simpson, F. D Johnstone, F. M Boyd, D. J Goldberg, G. J Hart, R. J Prescott
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine the uptake and acceptability of different methods of a universal offer of voluntary HIV testing to pregnant women. <b>Design:</b> Randomised controlled trial involving four combinations of written and verbal communication, followed by the direct offer of a test. The control group received no information and no direct offer of a test, although testing was available on request. <b>Setting:</b> Hospital antenatal clinic covering most of the population of the city of Edinburgh. <b>Subjects:</b> 3024 pregnant women booking at the clinic over a 10 month period. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Uptake of HIV testing and women9s knowledge, satisfaction, and anxiety. <b>Results:</b> Uptake rates were 6% for those in the control group and 35% for those directly offered the test. Neither the style of leaflet nor the length of discussion had an effect on uptake. Significant independent predictors of uptake were a direct test offer; the midwife seen; and being unmarried, previously tested, and younger age. Knowledge of the specific benefits of testing increased with the amount of information given, but neither satisfaction nor anxiety was affected by the type of offer. <b>Conclusions:</b> The universal offer of HIV testing is not intrusive and is acceptable to pregnant women. A policy of offering the HIV test to all women resulted in higher uptake and did not increase anxiety or dissatisfaction. Uptake depends more on the midwife than the method of offering the test. Low uptake rates and inadequate detection of HIV infection point to the need to assess a more routine approach to testing. <h3>Key messages</h3> HIV testing in pregnancy is beneficial, but uptake rates are not high Offering the test to women attending antenatal clinics increases uptake without increasing anxiety or dissatisfaction The extent of information given is not important in terms of whether women take the test and whether they find the procedure acceptable Uptake depends more on the midwife than the method of offering the test Low uptake rates and inadequate detection of HIV infection point to the need to assess a more routine approach to testing
Reply to Ferhat Ates, Ilker Akyol and Abdullah Cirakoglu's Letter to the Editor re: Daniela Marschall-Kehrel, Cornelia Feustel, Charlotta Persson de Geeter, et al. Treatment with Propiverine in Children Suffering from Nonneurogenic Overactive Bladder and Urinary Incontinence: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Clinical Trial. Eur Urol 2009;55:729-38
Authors: Daniela Marschall-Kehrel
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Clinic Gynecology in Paris and America.
Authors: Charles A. L. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Cincinnati, Ohio, May 16, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It seems strange that in this day when the efficiency of medical study and medical practice is accomplished chiefly by specialization, the University of Paris should not long since have established a chair of clinic gynecology. It would seem, however, from recent proceedings of the municipal council of Paris (<i>Le Progrès Médicale</i>) that this long delayed step is at last an accomplished fact. An address to that august and conservative body by M. André Lèfevre, recounted the fact that such a chair exists in the faculties at Besançon, Bordeaux, Dijon, Grenoble, Montpelier, Nancy, Nantes, Poitiers, Rennes, Limoges and Rouen; yet at the great metropolis this department is not organized. M. Lèfevre reviewed at length the development and present status of the chair in Germany and wound up by saying that they teach clinic gynecology, "not only in all the universities of Europe
Quantitation of the Transfer of Surface Phospholipid of Chylomicrons to the High Density Lipoprotein Fraction during the Catabolism of Chylomicrons in the Rat
Authors: T. G. Redgrave, D. M. Small
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Small chylomicrons (CM) labeled with cholesterol, cholesterol ester, phospholipid, and, in some cases, protein, were used to study the fate of these constituents as the CM are catabolized in the circulations of the hepatectomized and intact rat. In the hepatectomized animal after ½ h, CM are greatly reduced in volume, surface area, and diameter. During this period, the CM lost >92% of the mass of their triacylglycerol, >77% of the mass of their phospholipid, and >39% of their protein. Compared to the injected CM, the chemically altered particles, called CM "remnants," have a reduction in volume of 96% and in surface area of 88%. The labeled cholesterol esters remain with the CM remnants but, strikingly, a major fraction of the labeled phospholipids and labeled soluble apoproteins leave the CM and are found in the high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction.
Patients' Supportive Care Needs Beyond the End of Cancer Treatment: A Prospective, Longitudinal Survey
Authors: Jo Armes, Maggie Crowe, Lynne Colbourne, Helen Morgan, Trevor Murrells, Catherine Oakley, Nigel Palmer, Emma Ream, Annie Young, Alison Richardson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Purpose To estimate prevalence and severity of patients' self-perceived supportive care needs in the immediate post-treatment phase and identify predictors of unmet need. Patients and Methods A multicenter, prospective, longitudinal survey was conducted. Sixty-six centers recruited patients for 12 weeks. Patients receiving treatment for the following cancers were recruited: breast, prostate, colorectal, and gynecologic cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Measures of supportive care needs, anxiety and depression, fear of recurrence, and positive and negative affect were completed at the end of treatment (T0) and 6 months later (T1). Results Of 1,850 patients given questionnaire packs, 1,425 (79%) returned questionnaires at T0, and 1,152 (62%) returned questionnaires at T1. Mean age was 61 years; and most respondents were female (69%) and had breast cancer (57%). Most patients had no or few moderate or severe unmet supportive care needs. However, 30% reported more than five unmet needs at baseline, and for 60% of these patients, the situation did not improve. At both assessments, the most frequently endorsed unmet needs were psychological needs and fear of recurrence. Logistic regression revealed several statistically significant predictors of unmet need, including receipt of hormone treatment, negative affect, and experiencing an unrelated significant event between assessments. Conclusion Most patients do not express unmet needs for supportive care after treatment. Thirty percent reported more than five moderate or severe unmet needs at both assessments. Unmet needs were predicted by hormone treatment, negative mood, and experiencing a significant event. Our results suggest that there is a proportion of survivors with unmet needs who might benefit from the targeted application of psychosocial resources.
Status Asthmaticus and Steroid Therapy
Authors: Vincent J. Fontana
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To  Editor:—  The informative article by Richards et al, Status Asthmaticus in Children ( 201 :75, 1967), warrants some critical comments concerning steroid therapy for this disease.  The authors state in a most positive manner that corticosteroids should be promptly administered to all patients with status asthmaticus. This feeling is not held by all allergists or pediatric allergists, and it would be most unfortunate if the other side of  coin was not brought to  attention of your readers.  In recent years, we have observed a large number of asthmatic children in private practice and in  pediatric allergy clinics of Bellevue Hospital, University Hospital, and St. Vincent's Hospital in New York and have noted a significantly greater morbidity and difficulty of management in  steroid-treated asthmatic child than in  child who has not had prior steroid therapy. Extensive personal experience prompts  necessity of alerting  pediatrician
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and breast cancer mortality in women receiving tamoxifen: a population based cohort study
Authors: C. M Kelly, D. N Juurlink, T. Gomes, M. Duong-Hua, K. I Pritchard, P. C Austin, L. F Paszat
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The implications of the causal and ubiquitous use, by doctors health-workers and politicians, of the word 9patient9 are here discussed. Given that the many implications of this noun do not include health or normality (rather the contrary), it is questionable who, if anyone, profits from its indiscriminate use--and its use, even, at all.
Was Hahnemann a Nostrum-Vendor? A Question of Fact
Authors: W. T. Gairdner
Journal: BMJ (1859)

a little book recently published by me on Medicine and llMedical Education, I had occasion to treat of the career of the founder of homeopathy, and incidentally to open up one or two suspicious passages in it with regard to the sale of secret re- mndies.Those wlho have read my observations impartially, will, I believe, do me the justice to admit that I have neither ,exaggerated the charges, nor withheld the defence, so far as k-nown to mne.MIy object, indeed, was simply to get at the facts;
Relationship between Platelet Secretion and Prothrombin Cleavage in Native Whole Blood
Authors: Mary Ellen Rybak, Herbert K. Lau, Barbara Tomkins, Robert D. Rosenberg, Robert I. Handin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

To determine the relationship between platelet secretion and prothrombin conversion in whole blood, the release of platelet factor 4 and the generation of a X(a)-specific cleavage product of prothrombin, fragment 1 + 2, were measured during the coagulation of whole blood. There was a parallel increase in the concentration of the two proteins. Over the first 5 min of incubation, platelet factor 4 concentration increased 6 ng/ml per min, and after 6-7 min, the rate of release increased to 750 ng/ml per min. Over the initial 5-7 min of incubation, fragment 1 + 2 concentration increased 1.5 pmol/ml per min with a subsequent increase of 45 pmol/ml per min. Incubation with 10 muM prostaglandin E(1) or 15 muM prostaglandin I(2) inhibited secretion of platelet factor 4 and delayed the onset of the rapid phase of fragment 1 + 2 generation by 8 min, while stimulation of platelet secretion with 1 mug/ml collagen suspension enhanced production of fragment 1 + 2. The addition of either 10 muM epinephrine or 100 ng/ml collagen suspension to whole blood did not affect either platelet factor 4 release or fragment 1 + 2 generation, although the combination of 3 muM epinephrine and 100 ng/ml collagen suspension enhanced platelet release and prothrombin cleavage. The relationship between platelet factor 4 release and prothrombin cleavage was also studied in Factor VIII-deficient blood. When 0.001 U/ml factor VIII activity was present, <80 ng/ml platelet factor 4 were released, and no fragment 1 + 2 was generated after 30 min of incubation. The addition of 0.008-0.08 U/ml Factor VIII activity progressively increased platelet factor 4 release and prothrombin cleavage. Platelet factor 4 release was normal at 0.08 U/ml Factor VIII activity, whereas prothrombin cleavage was still delayed. Very little thrombin, the amount generated by the cleavage of 3-5 nM fragment 1 + 2, was needed to induce release of platelet factor 4.