tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The safety of fine-needle aspiration guided by endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: M. Mortensen
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

I have read the article by Al-Haddad et al. with great interest and am impressed by their data on safety in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) [1]. In the discussion section they provide a table covering the results from their study as well as from eight other previously published studies on EUS-FNA safety. The number of included patients ranges from 42 to 483, with variable inclusion criteria and outcomes. In 2005 my colleagues and I published our single-center safety experience with EUS in 3324 consecutive patients of whom 670 had EUS-FNA [2]. EUS-FNA related complications were seen in 0.3 % (2/670) of the patients which compares favorably with the data reported by Al-Haddad et al. To our surprise we did not detect any significant difference between the complication rates for EUS alone and EUS-FNA, but in contrast to Al-Haddad et al. we had to classify 90 % (9/10) of the complications as severe and 20 % (2/10) as fatal. This may be explained by the reported different rates regarding the indications for EUS-FNA, and I believe that the variation in morbidity and mortality rates related to EUS-FNA (and EUS alone) mirrors the populations and indications included rather than the experience of the endosonographer(s). Thus, I fully agree with the conclusion by Al-Haddad et al. regarding the safety of EUS-FNA, but the reported differences may simply reflect different populations and indication patterns.
Effects of SC 15396 on gastric secretion. I. Inhibition of canine gastric secretion by compound SC 15396 given orally and parenterally.
Authors: A M Connell
Journal: Gut (1968)

A new compound, 2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl) thio- acetamide (Fig. 1) with a powerful inhibitory effect on gastric secretion has recently been synthesised.'Bedi, Gillespie, and Gillespie (1967), using vagally innervated and Heidenhain pouch dogs, have shown it to inhibit gastrin-stimulated acid secretion.In that they failed to demonstrate any effect on histaminestimulated or amechol-stimulated gastric secretion, they claim that it is a specific gastrin antagonist.The compound has a molecular weight of 228-3 and melting point of 133 to 141°C.It is almost insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in petroleum ether, ethanol and propylene glycol, but readily soluble in chloroform and acetone or dimethyl sulphoxide.In preliminary testing it has been shown to have a low acute and chronic toxicity in rats and dogs.Because of its theoretical and practical potential, we have assessed its effect on gastric secretion stimulated in various ways.The three papers pre- sented here report work undertaken independently, N CH-C NH2 S FIG. 1. Formula of SC 15396.but in view of their complementary findings they are presented and discussed together.
Inflammatory chemical mediators during conventional ventilation and during high frequency oscillatory ventilation.
Authors: Y Imai, T Kawano, K Miyasaka, M Takata, T Imai, K Okuyama
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Inflammatory chemical mediators, platelet-activating factor (PAF), thromboxane (TX) B2, and 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG)F1 alpha, were extracted from lung lavage fluid after conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) and high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) to clarify the relation between mode of ventilation and lung injury in surfactant-depleted rabbit lungs. Anesthetized adult rabbits were tracheostomized, and surfactant depletion was induced by repeated saline lavage. Lung lavage for measurement of mediators was performed after 4 h of CMV at an FIO2 of 1.0 and a mean airway pressure of 15 cm H2O or HFOV (15 Hz) at an FIO2 of 1.0 or 0.21 and a mean airway pressure of 15 cm H2O. The number of total cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and the levels of PAF, TXB2, and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were measured by radioimmunoassay. Total respiratory compliance (Crs) was measured by the passive flow-volume curve method. The numbers of PMN, and the levels of PAF and TXB2 in lung lavage fluid were significantly greater during CMV than during HFOV. HFOV resulted in decreased production of PAF and TXB2 in a surfactant-depleted rabbit lung. Crs was significantly less during CMV than during HFOV. These results suggest that HFOV could prevent the release of such inflammatory chemical mediators and result in less lung injury than CMV.
818. Development of Packaging Cell Lines for the Large-Scale Production of High-Titer Clinical Grade Recombinant Retroviruses
Authors: Karim Ghani, Manuel Caruso
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The retroviral vector is widely used in gene therapy, and it has shown its efficacy in the treatment of several infants with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-X1. The current process for producing retroviral vectors with adherent packaging cell lines is costly, labor-intensive, and ineffective in producing high amount of vectors needed for clinical trials. The large-scale production of high- titer clinical grade retroviral vectors could benefit from retrovirus packaging cell lines that could grow in suspension and serum free media.
A signaling pathway AKTing up in schizophrenia
Authors: P. Alexander Arguello, Joseph A. Gogos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

The serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (also known as PKB) signaling pathway has been associated with several human diseases, including schizophrenia. Studies in preclinical models have demonstrated that impaired AKT signaling affects neuronal connectivity and neuromodulation and have identified AKT as a key signaling intermediary downstream of dopamine (DA) receptor 2 (DRD2), the best-established target of antipsychotic drugs. A study by Tan et al. in this issue of the JCI strengthens links among AKT signaling, DA transmission, and cognition in healthy individuals and offers potential avenues to explore in an effort to find more effective pharmacotherapies for schizophrenia and related disorders (see the related article beginning on page 2200).
Physician-Assisted Suicide
Authors: Antoine de Torrenté
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Letters6 August 2002Physician-Assisted SuicideAntoine de Torrenté, MDAntoine de Torrenté, MDHôpital Communal; CH-2300 La Chaux-de-Fonds, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-3-200208060-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with extreme interest the ACP–ASIM position paper on the very difficult question of physician-assisted suicide (1). In Switzerland, which has a population of 7 million people, physician-assisted suicide is not legal but is not prosecuted by law if very strict conditions have been fulfilled. The number of assisted deaths per year is very small, and although the ACP–ASIM position paper implies that physician-assisted suicide might lead to a tendency toward active euthanasia (the so-called slippery slope), no such tendency is developing (2). Of note, active euthanasia is illegal in Switzerland.The ACP–ASIM position paper implies ...References1. Snyder L, Sulmasy DP. Physician-assisted suicide. Ann Intern Med. 2001;135:209-16. [PMID: 11487490] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Frei A, Schenker TA, Finzen A, Kräuchi K, Dittmann V, Hoffmann-Richter U. Assisted suicide as conducted by a “Right-to-Die“-society in Switzerland: a descriptive analysis of 43 consecutive cases. Swiss Med Wkly. 2001;131:375-80. [PMID: 11524903] MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hôpital Communal; CH-2300 La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysician-Assisted Suicide Lois Snyder , Daniel P. Sulmasy , and Physician-Assisted Suicide Faye Girsh Physician-Assisted Suicide Lois Snyder , Daniel P. Sulmasy , and William E. Golden Physician-Assisted Suicide Cavin P. Leeman Metrics 6 August 2002Volume 137, Issue 3Page: 216KeywordsEuthanasiaPatient advocacySuicideSurgery ePublished: 6 August 2002 Issue Published: 6 August 2002 CopyrightCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Once and Future Physician
Authors: Richard B. Weinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Ad Libitum1 May 1989The Once and Future PhysicianRichard B. Weinberg, MDRichard B. Weinberg, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-9-753 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt had been a busy morning in the GI lab, and I had a taste for a well-done synthe-steak for lunch. The best one in town, in my opinion, was served in the class A doctor's dining room. In the crowded room, I spotted the chief of surgery, who waved me over to an empty seat at a corner table."How's it going?" I asked, as I sat down and punched my order into the telemenu. From the look on his face I shouldn't have asked."Awful," he grumbled, "sometimes I don't know why I stay in this lousy business."... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Houston, Texas PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByLime versus Lyme DiseaseLorraine Tosiello, MD 1 May 1989Volume 110, Issue 9Page: 753-753KeywordsForecastingSurgeryTaste Issue Published: 1 May 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
New Zealand fights domestic violence
Authors: C Essex
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are a heterogeneous group of rare spindle-cell tumours. Classically they presented as a solitary pleural-based mass. Pulmonary parenchymal SFT is rare and multiple bilateral lesions are extremely rare. We present the clinical, imaging and histological features of SFT which are presented as multiple nodular lesions of the lung and pleura with probable distant metastasis.
Mumps prophylaxis in the light of a new test for antibody.
Authors: P P Mortimer
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A radial haemolysis test was used to investigate immunity to mumps. Antibody was found in 92 (42%) out of 220 children aged up to 5 years, 124 (78%) out of 159 children aged 6--10 years, 192 (86%) out of 222 children aged 11 years, 138 (92%) out of 150 children aged 15 years, and 280 (95%) out of 296 women attending an antenatal clinic. A group of 307 cadets aged 16--18 years were also tested and interviewed: 133 (95%) out of 140 who said that they had had mumps and 108 (87%) out of 124 who said that they had not had mumps were found to have antibody. The results suggest that tests for immunity to mumps by radial haemolysis would permit more rational use of mumps-specific immunoglobulin and attenuated mumps vaccine.
An ultrastructural study of the liver in Indian childhood cirrhosis with particular reference to the structure of cytoplasmic hyaline
Authors: S. Roy, V. Ramalingaswami, N. C. Nayak
Journal: Gut (1971)

Ultrastructural features of the liver in eight cases of Indian childhood cirrhosis, a fatal and elusive liver disease in India, have been described. Severe parenchymal damage, diffuse creeping fibrosis, and other light microscopic alterations, including the frequent presence of cytoplasmic hyaline, reported earlier are confirmed in the present study. The hyaline is predominantly comprised of tangled masses of fibrils and some electron-dense particles possibly derived from endoplasmic reticulum. The morphological features of this hyaline are identical to those of alcoholic hyaline described by Biava and Smuckler. Mitochondria do not seem to participate in the structural evolution of hyaline.
Peptic Ulcer Disease in Hyperparathyroidism: An Analysis of Fifty-two Cases.
Authors: W. T. Wilder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Peptic Ulcer Disease in Hyperparathyroidism: An Analysis of Fifty-two Cases.W. T. Wilder, M.D., B. Frame, M.D., (Assoc.), W. S. Haubrich, M.D. (Assoc.)W. T. Wilder, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, B. Frame, M.D., (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this author, W. S. Haubrich, M.D. (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1047_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere has recently been increased interest in the clinical relationship between peptic ulcer and hyperparathyroidism. The importance of this association is demonstrated by the fact that seven of the last nine patients with hyperparathyroidism seen at the Henry Ford Hospital have had peptic ulcer. An increased awareness of this association has led to an overall increased incidence of hyperparathyroidism being diagnosed at this hospital. In our experience, the presence of peptic ulcer has been even more important than kidney stones in the diagnosis of parathyroid hyperfunction. In three patients, symptoms of peptic ulcer disease were the only clue to the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Detroit, Mich. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1047-1048KeywordsHyperparathyroidismKidney stonesParathyroidPeptic ulcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Bacteriotherapy may be useful in treating bacterial vaginosis
Authors: D. Taylor-Robinson, I. Rosenstein
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—The editorial by Huovinen on bacteriotherapy is a reminder that the use of harmless bacteria to displace pathogenic ones is an alternative to the use of antibiotics for dealing with some infections, particularly those that are recurrent or persistent.1 He points out that this approach is not new: it dates back several decades, but it tended to lapse as potent antibacterial agents were developed.

Nevertheless, recently it has been used with some success to treat recurrent otitis media and …
Foramen Magnum Tumors
Authors: James R. Howe
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Six patients with benign tumors near the foramen magnum underwent many months of inappropriate medical, surgical, and chiropractic therapy. The lesions were misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis, syringomyelia, ruptured disc, cervical spondylosis, and several other conditions. Four of the six patients had myelograms that did not demonstrate the tumors. The complex anatomy of the cervicomedullary junction partially explains the difficulty in diagnosis. A coexistent lesion or history of trauma may divert the physician's attention away from the cervicomedullary junction. Other pitfalls include the following: a history of remission and exacerbation, a positive response to inappropriate or nonspecific therapy, and the frequent finding of a normal cerebrospinal fluid protein value. Surgical removal of foramen magnum tumors can be curative.
Development of intracranial tuberculomas while receiving therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis [corrected].
Authors: J B Silman, J I Peters, S M Levine, S G Jenkinson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Development of tuberculomas on adequate tuberculosis therapy is an uncommon event. This case report describes a patient who developed multiple intracranial tuberculomas while receiving adequate supervised outpatient therapy for sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis who was documented to have no intracranial lesions prior to initiation of treatment.
Abstract 2992: Zoledronic acid inhibits angiogenesis through Rac1 inactivation in ovarian cancer
Authors: Viany Gonzalez-Villasana, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Enrique Fuentes-Mattei, Sunila Pradeep, Cristina Ivan, Anil K. Sood, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature, is a complex and crucial process for tumor growth and development of metastasis. Rac1, a member of the Rho GTPase family, plays a central role in angiogenesis through regulation of endothelial cell migration, tube formation, adhesion, invasion, and proliferation. In this study we hypothesized that zoledronic acid (ZA) inhibits ovarian cancer angiogenesis through the inactivation of Rac1. Methods We treated HeyA8 MDR and Ovcar-5 cells with ZA to assess its effects on cell invasion, proliferation, expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs; Milliplex assay) and angiogenic factors. We also determined Rac1 activation by pull-down assay. HeyA8 MDR and Ovcar-5 orthotopic murine models of ovarian cancer were assessed for expression of CD31 and Ki-67, Rac1 activation, and apoptosis by immunohistochemistry after treatment with ZA, nanoparticle, albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel), or a combination. Results In vitro, we observed inhibition of HeyA8 MDR and Ovcar-5 cell invasion and proliferation by ZA. Moreover, ZA decreased the secretion of MMP-7 and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in HeyA8 MDR cells and MMP-9, MMP-10, VEGF-C, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, endothelin-1, follistatin, interleukin-8, placenta growth factor, fibroblast growth factor-1, and hepatocyte growth factor in Ovcar-5 cells. Furthermore, ZA inactivated Rac1 in both cells lines. In vivo, ZA decreased the number of nodules and tumor weight, inhibited angiogenesis and cell proliferation, and increased apoptosis in both HeyA8 MDR and Ovcar-5 animal models. These in vivo antitumor effects were enhanced in both models when ZA was combined with nab-paclitaxel. Conclusion ZA inhibits ovarian cancer angiogenesis through the inactivation of Rac1, suggesting that ZA combined with paclitaxel could be a novel therapeutic approach to ovarian cancer angiogenesis. Citation Format: Viany Gonzalez-Villasana, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Enrique Fuentes-Mattei, Sunila Pradeep, Cristina Ivan, Anil K. Sood, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein. Zoledronic acid inhibits angiogenesis through Rac1 inactivation in ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2992. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2992
Enhanced Detection of a Parathyroid Adenoma Following Radioiodine Treatment of Concurrent, Toxic Multinodular Goiter
Authors: Kottekkattu K Balan, Sudheep K Thomas, Lawrence H Berman, Gordon C Wishart
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

The authors report a patient in whom the localization of a parathyroid adenoma was enhanced following radioiodine treatment of concurrent, toxic multinodular goiter. An 80-year-old woman was referred to the Nuclear Medicine Department for a Tc-99m sestamibi scintigram for preoperative localization of a parathyroid adenoma. The combined Tc-99m sestamibi/Tc-99m pertechnetate studies demonstrated a multinodular goiter that was later confirmed as toxic biochemically. There was no definite evidence of any discernible parathyroid abnormality. Euthyroid status was subsequently achieved following radioiodine treatment, but her hyperparathyroidism, however, persisted. The radionuclide investigations were repeated 18 months after the first presentation and these correctly identified a parathyroid adenoma. On the basis of our experience, we recommend pretreatment of thyrotoxicosis before undertaking Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy in patients in whom primary hyperparathyroidism and thyrotoxicosis coexist.
Association between drinking water disinfection and somatic parameters at birth.
Authors: S Kanitz, Y Franco, V Patrone, M Caltabellotta, E Raffo, C Riggi, D Timitilli, G Ravera
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

We conducted an epidemiological study in Liguria, Italy, on the association between somatic parameters at birth and drinking water disinfection with chlorine dioxide and/or sodium hypochlorite. Over 2 years (1988-1989), 676 births at two public hospitals, one in Genoa (548 cases) and another in Chiavari (128 cases) were examined and data regarding both mother and child were obtained from hospital records. Results indicate a higher frequency of small body length (< or = 49.5 cm) and small cranial circumference (< or = 35 cm) in infants born to mothers who drank water treated with chlorine compounds. In particular, the statistical analysis (by simultaneous variance analysis and Scheffé test) indicated that there may be an association between infants with smaller body length and mothers who drank water treated with chlorine dioxide [adjusted odds radio (OR) = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.2-3.3] or sodium hypoclorite (adjusted OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.3-4.2) and between infants with smaller cranial circumference and mothers who drank water treated with chlorine dioxide (adjusted OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.4-3.9) or sodium hypochlorite (adjusted OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 2.1-8.5). The presence of neonatal jaundice is almost twice as likely (adjusted OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.1-3.1) in infants whose mothers drank water treated with chlorine dioxide.
TRANSMISSION OF BUBONIC PLAGUE BY SHIP RATS.
Authors: AUGUST STRAUCH
Journal: JAMA (1906)

I made a voyage from Austria to Brazil in 1901 on the steamer<i>Gundulic</i>under the worst conditions imaginable. On the first night after leaving the Austrian harbor of Trieste the sight of numerous rats astonished me. A few days later we arrived at Alexandria, Egypt, which then was plague ridden. While there we were in quarantine, that is, without any direct communication with the land in order to avoid troublesome measures in other ports. We took no merchandise, except some provisions which were hauled on board with ropes in baskets and dirty sacks from barges. After a stay of several days we left for Tangier (Morocco), St. Vincent (Cape Verde Islands) and Pernambuco (Brazil). When we approached the warmer climate I noticed that the noise made every night by the rats grew less and finally ceased. After we left Pernambuco for Rio de Janeiro, our cook and the steward
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) following fludarabine therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kashif Hussain, Joseph J. Mazza, Lawrence H. Clouse
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Adenosine deaminase inhibitors have proven superior to alkylating agent‐based therapies in inducing clinical and hematologic remissions in treated and previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, and they have become increasingly accepted as a standard for therapy. We report the case of a 66‐year‐old patient with a 7‐year history of CLL who had been previously treated with alkylating agents. Upon presentation with abdominal lymphadenopathy, a 5‐day course of the nucleoside analogue, fludarabine, was administered. Two days after completion, the patient developed acute tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) that induced renal failure with hyperkalemia and hyperuricemia. This resulted in critical, life‐threatening complications requiring hospitalization, aggressive hemodialysis and fluid replacement therapy. While only 5 other cases of TLS associated with fludarabine therapy have been reported since 1989, we recommend that adenosine deaminase inhibitor therapy be initiated with the addition of allopurinol, and that hydration with copious amounts of oral fluids during therapy be encouraged in order to help protect against the renal effects of potential TLS induced by these agents. Am. J. Hematol. 72:212–215, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.