tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oral Acyclovir for Treatment of First-Episode Herpes Simplex Virus Proctitis
Authors: Ann M. Rompalo, Gregory J. Mertz, L. Gray Davis, Jacqueline Benedetti, Cathy Critchlow, Walter E. Stamm, Lawrence Corey
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Twenty-nine patients with first-episode rectal herpes simplex virus infection were enrolled in a double-blind trial of oral acyclovir, 400 mg five times daily, vs placebo treatment. Eighty percent of those receiving acyclovir compared with 25% of placebo recipients no longer had herpes simplex virus isolated from their rectal lesions three days after onset of therapy. The median duration of rectal lesions and viral excretion from rectal lesions (median, five and zero days, respectively) was significantly shorter in patients treated with acyclovir than in placebo-treated patients (14 and 11 days, respectively). Durations of local signs and symptoms of proctitis, such as rectal pain, discharge, and friability, were shorter in acyclovir recipients than in placebo recipients, but these differences were not statistically significant. Daily administration of 2 g of oral acyclovir for ten days alleviates some of the clinical signs of herpes simplex virus rectal infection. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2879-2881)
Advice to Authors
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This guide has been prepared for physicians who plan to submit manuscripts toThe Journalof the American Medical Association or to any of the Association's ten specialty journals: American Journal of Diseases of Children Archives of Dermatology Archives of Neurology Archives of Environmental Health Archives of Ophthalmology Archives of Otolaryngology Archives of General Psychiatry Archives of Pathology Archives of Surgery Archives of Internal Medicine All aspects of the manuscript are covered, including the preparation of specific parts of the text, such as the synopsis-abstract and case reports; the preferred use of various terms; typing of the final copy; procedure for submitting a manuscript; the method followed by the editorial staff for reviewing and processing a manuscript; the mutual obligations of author and journal; selection and preparation of illustrations; and presentation of tabular data. This manual is not intended to teach a physician the art and technique of composition. At
Incident at Malvern
Authors: Jene Erick Beardsley
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prescription Use of Paracetamol and Risk for Ovarian Cancer in Denmark
Authors: Louise Baandrup, Søren Friis, Christian Dehlendorff, Klaus K. Andersen, Jørgen H. Olsen, Susanne K. Kjaer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

It has been suggested that paracetamol reduces the risk for ovarian cancer. We examined the association between prescription use of paracetamol and ovarian cancer risk in a nationwide case–control study nested within the Danish female population. Case patients (n = 3471) were all women with a first diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer during the period from 2000 to 2009. Population control subjects (n = 50576) were selected by risk set sampling. Data were derived from prescription and other nationwide registries. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ovarian cancer associated with use of paracetamol or nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). All statistical tests were two-sided. Use of paracetamol was associated with a reduced odds ratio for ovarian cancer (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.74 to 0.92; P < .001) compared with nonuse, and the odds ratio decreased further with long-term (≥10 years), high-intensity paracetamol use (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.24 to 0.86; P = .02). Use of nonaspirin NSAIDs was not associated with ovarian cancer risk.
Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in 313 Western patients: Tumor biology and underlying liver rather than tumor size drive prognosis
Authors: Michael D. Kluger, Juan A. Salceda, Alexis Laurent, Claude Tayar, Christophe Duvoux, Thomas Decaens, Alain Luciani, Jeanne Tran Van Nhieu, Daniel Azoulay, Daniel Cherqui
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Cross-sectional echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Identification of the relation of the ventricles and great arteries.
Authors: W L Henry, B J Maron, J M Griffith
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Using a mechanical sector-scanner, two-dimensional echocardiograms were obtained from 28 normal subjects, 15 patients with tetralogy of Fallot, 11 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries and six patients with double outlet right ventricle. The image obtained perpendicular to the long axis of the left ventricle at the base of the venticular septum was superimposed on the image obtained perpendicular to the long axis at the origin of the great arteries. In normal subjects, these superimposed images demonstrated that the aorta originated posterior and to the left of the ventricular septum. In patients with tetralogy of Fallot, the aorta was displaced anterior and to the right resulting in the aorta over-riding the ventricular septum. In patients with double outlet right ventricle both great arteries originated anterior to the ventricular septum (i.e., from the right ventricle). In patients with complete transposition, the aorta originated anterior and the pulmonary artery posterior to the ventricular septum. Thus, cross-sectional echocardiography permits noninvasive identification of the relation of the ventricles and great arteries and, therefore, provides important information for the diagnosis of patients with congenital heart disease.
Trends in Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins of Adults, 1960-2002
Authors: Margaret D. Carroll, David A. Lacher, Paul D. Sorlie, James I. Cleeman, David J. Gordon, Michael Wolz, Scott M. Grundy, Clifford L. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Serum total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol contribute significantly to atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae. Previous analyses of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) showed that mean levels of total cholesterol of US adults had declined from 1960-1962 to 1988-1994, and mean levels of LDL cholesterol (available beginning in 1976) had declined between 1976-1980 and 1988-1994.To examine trends in serum lipid levels among US adults between 1960 and 2002, with a particular focus on changes since the 1988-1994 NHANES survey.Blood lipid measurements taken from 6098 to 15 719 adults who were examined in 5 distinct cross-sectional surveys of the US population during 1960-1962, 1971-1974, 1976-1980, 1988-1994, and 1999-2002.Mean serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and geometric mean serum triglyceride levels, and the percentage of adults with a serum total cholesterol level of at least 240 mg/dL (> or =6.22 mmol/L).Between 1988-1994 and 1999-2002, total serum cholesterol level of adults aged 20 years or older decreased from 206 mg/dL (5.34 mmol/L) to 203 mg/dL (5.26 mmol/L) (P=.009) and LDL cholesterol levels decreased from 129 mg/dL (3.34 mmol/L) to 123 mg/dL (3.19 mmol/L) (P<.001). Greater and significant decreases were observed in men 60 years or older and in women 50 years or older. The percentage of adults with a total cholesterol level of at least 240 mg/dL (> or =6.22 mmol/L) decreased from 20% during 1988-1994 to 17% during 1999-2002 (P<.001). There was no change in mean HDL cholesterol levels and a nonsignificant increase in geometric mean serum triglyceride levels (P = .06).The decrease in total cholesterol level observed during 1960-1994 and LDL cholesterol level observed during 1976-1994 has continued during 1999-2002 in men 60 to 74 years and women 50 to 74 years. The target value of no more than 17% of US adults with a total cholesterol level of at least 240 mg/dL (> or =6.22 mmol/L), an objective of Healthy People 2010, has been attained. The increase in the proportion of adults using lipid-lowering medication, particularly in older age groups, likely contributed to the decreases in total and LDL cholesterol levels observed. The increased prevalence of obesity in the US population may have contributed to the increase in mean serum triglyceride levels.
"I'm sorry, doctor, my dog ate my inhaler"--the trials and tribulations of a clinical researcher
Authors: R. Morton
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The aphorism “never work with children or animals” is credited to W C Fields, a comedian, though I suspect he may also have worked in clinical research. As a paediatric researcher I am, fortunately, able to avoid working with animals (the occasional troublesome teddy bear aside) but obliged to put the success of my research in the hands of our friends under the age of 16.

I am running a trial to see if childhood asthma can be improved by attaching devices …
Abstract 1108: The Drosophila Caliban suppresses tumor formation through both DNA damage repair and apoptosis
Authors: Xiaolin Bi, Zhe Wang, Mark A. Mortin, Yajie Wang, Brian Stultz, Deborah A. Hursh
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The tumor suppressor gene sdccag1 is down-regulated in human colon cancer cell lines, its Drosophila homolog caliban was screened using a functional HDA domain of homeobox gene prospero as bait. In our previous work, we had suggested Caliban is a bipartite nuclear export mediator, working through the Exportin pathway, and itself can shuttle between cytoplasm and nucleus. To study its tumor suppression functions, we generated knock-out Drosophila Melanogaster of caliban by gene targeting strategy. The caliban knock-out flies are viable and fertile, similar as tumor suppressor gene Dmp53 knock-out flies. While caliban null flies have retarded growth by three days, this delayed growth was rescued by Dmp53 mutation. The caliban flies are sensitive to irradiation, and its DNA damage sensitivity depends on p53. High dosage treatment with irradiation causes tumor formation in caliban null flies, while atm and caliban double mutant flies have autonomous tumor formation, which is similar as atm p53 double mutant. The tumor suppression function of caliban was also studied in an in vivo mouse model where lung tumor cells A549 were implanted subcutaneously into athymic nude mice, we observed the greatly reduced tumor size in caliban expressing A549 cells. These preliminary results suggest caliban may compensate with p53 to suppress the tumor predisposition through both DNA damage repair and apoptosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1108.
Continuing Medical Education: Needs, Costs, and Consequences
Authors: EDWARD HUTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Editorials1 May 1980Continuing Medical Education: Needs, Costs, and ConsequencesEDWARD HUTH, M.D.EDWARD HUTH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-5-698 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAmong the demands on physicians to assure the public of good care is proof that care will be informed by an ever-renewed bank of knowledge. This demand and the profits in the market it creates have been driving up the number of postgraduate courses offered in the United States year by year. Will physicians eventually spend all their time trying to learn all that there is to know about everything with no time left to apply this knowledge to anyone's care? Presumably economic pressures will halt the trend at some point short of that academic utopia. Postgraduate education is costly;...References1. FAITHEREIMERVAN ARSDALLMOUTRIESCHENKEN MRJRJ. The cost of continuing medical education for family physicians. JAMA. 1979;242:449-50. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MANNINGDENSON PT. How internists learned about cimetidine. Ann Intern Med. 1980;92:690-2. LinkGoogle Scholar3. STINSONMUELLER ED. Survey of health professionals' information habits and needs. JAMA. 1980;243:140-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. STROSSHARLAN JW. The impact of mandatory continuing medical education. JAMA. 1978;239:2663-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MANNINGDENSON PT. How cardiologists learn about echocardiography. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:469-71. LinkGoogle Scholar6. MANNINGCOVELLMUSSELLTHOMASBEEDENSON PDBCRT. Continuing medical education: linking the community hospital and the medical school. Med Educ. 1979;54:461-6. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: EDWARD HUTH, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNeeded: An Economics Approach to Systems for Medical InformationEDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.Perceived influence of different information sources on the decision-making of internal medicine house staff and facultyHospital Librarian and Continuing EducationJO-ANN M. BABISH, MSLSAn Information System for the Future? 1 May 1980Volume 92, Issue 5Page: 698-699KeywordsMedical education ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
'Torsade de Page': A New Cardiac-Related Illness
Authors: Leonard I. Zon
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While on his recent cardiology rotation, a senior medical student at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia was sent to copy 20 articles for himself and members of the house staff. Subsequently, he experienced pain and inflammation of the flexor tendons of the left fifth finger, which worsened with continued copying and "turning of the pages." He denied use of any medications but had a history of "Pac-man tenosynovitis." With rest, the inflammation resolved in four to five days. I would thus like to describe a new disease entity—"Torsade de Page."
TCT-224 Trends in Revascularization Strategy and Outcomes inLeft Main Stenosis: Data from ASAN MAIN Registry
Authors: Seung-Jung Park, Jung-Min Ahn, Se Hun Kang, Hee-Soon Park, Sang Soo Cheon, Min Su Kim, Jae Hyung Roh, Young-Hak Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Sung-Han Yoon, Hyun Woo Park, Mineok Chang, Jong-Young Lee, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The challenge of target sequence specificity in C→U RNA editing
Authors: Nicholas O. Davidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

There is increasing awareness that multiple, often overlapping mechanisms exist for amplifying the repertoire of protein products specified through the mammalian genome.An expanding array of processing and targeting mechanisms is now emerging, each representing a potentially important restriction point in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression, and each expanding the possibilities specified by the literal code of the genome.These co-and posttranscriptional regulatory events include capping, alternative splicing, differential polyadenylation, RNA editing, nuclear export, alternative decay and degradation pathways, as well as alterations in ribosomal loading or translation.Recent advances suggest important links between RNA editing, particularly C→U editing, and other co-and posttranscriptional events regulating gene expression. Forms of RNA editing in mammalian cellsIn RNA editing, the coding sequence of the transcript is altered from its genomically templated version.In mammals, two major types of RNA base-modification have been described, both forms of substitutional editing, in which a single nucleotide is altered posttranscriptionally (reviewed in ref. 1).These include adenosine-to-inosine (A→I) and cytidine-to-uridine (C→U) editing.In all instances where the translation products have been characterized, the product of the edited mRNA acquires functional characteristics distinct from those of the product of the unedited transcript (reviewed in ref. 1).Mammalian A→I RNA editing occurs on an unspliced mRNA template and requires partial base pairing between exonic and adjacent intronic sequences in a double-stranded RNA conformation.Inosine is translated as guanosine in the edited mRNA, so the effect of editing mimics that of an A→G change.Examples of transcripts that undergo A→I editing include the calcium-gated glutamate receptor, GluR-B, as well as subtypes of the 5HT 2c receptor and hepatitis δ virus (1).A family of adenosine
Two successful pregnancies in a woman with chronic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treated by plasma infusion
Authors: Eric C.‐Y. Lian, John J. Byrnes, Donald R. Harkness
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1984)

Abstract A 21‐year‐old primigravida in her 20th week of pregnancy developed TTP. She was managed with weekly or semiweekly plasma infusions and delivered a healthy 1.6 kg baby 2 weeks prior to the expected date of delivery. After delivery she continued to have active TTP with thrombocytopenia which responded repeatedly to plasma infusion though their frequency gradually decreased to about one unit every 3–4 weeks. Three years after the birth of the first child she conceived again and was easily managed with repeated plasma infusions although the frequency and amount of plasma required to prevent thrombocytopenia were increased. She delivered a normal 3.4 kg term baby after which she again had a decreased plasma requirement. This is the first report of a woman with 5 years of active TTP managed with plasma alone. She experienced two pregnancies in which both mother and infant survived. We believe that the use of plasma in the management of TTP during pregnancy will improve the survival rate of both mother and infant. At the time of second birth, the platelet count was low in the mother but normal in the baby. This suggests that the platelet depressing factor of this patient does not cross the placental barrier.
Discordance of Dual-Isotope (Hybrid) Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Results in Patients Who Have Undergone Revascularization Procedures
Authors: LEONARD P. CONNOLLY, THOMAS C. HILL, MYLAN C. COHEN, ANDREW J. BURGER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Three hundred twenty-one separate acquisition dual-isotope myocardial perfusion scans were reviewed retrospectively. Studies performed in six patients demonstrated a relative improvement in Tc-99m sestamibi uptake during stress in segments that appeared abnormal on rest injected Tl-201 images. All patients who demonstrated this pattern had a prior history of myocardial infarction and interventional revascularization. While many factors may contribute to this appearance, the authors favor the presence of a patent infarct-related artery as being the most significant.
Teenage pregnancy and deprivation
Authors: C Boulton-Jones, G M. Waine, K McInneny
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Living close to industryEDrrOR,-Ian Harvey describes some of the diffi- culties of determining whether living close to industry harms people's health.'Scottish studies that colleagues and I carried out during the 1970s and 1980s used several techniques for sharpening the focus on this type of epidemiology of small areas.2 3
The Zero of Potential of the Electric Field Produced by the Heart Beat: The Problem with Reference to Homogeneous Volume Conductors
Authors: ROBERT H. BAYLEY, ERNEST W. REYNOLDS, CONRAD L. KINARD, JOHN F. HEAD
Journal: Circulation Research (1954)

The acceptable zeros of the potential of the electrical fields produced by certain dipole distributions in homogeneous volume conductors is discussed. A bridge circuit is described by which a solution of the three-arm and the four-arm central terminals of Wilson may be solved for a zero of potential of the field produced by an arbitrary distribution of dipoles in a homogeneous volume conductor. An acceptable zero of potential for evaluation of the potentials in a locus on the "body" surface distant from the heart is described.
Final Overall Survival (OS) Results from the Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III AVADO Study of Bevacizumab (BV) Plus Docetaxel (D) Compared with Placebo (PL) Plus D for the First-Line Treatment of Locally Recurrent (LR) or Metastatic Breast Cancer (mBC).
Authors: D. Miles, A. Chan, G. Romieu, L. Dirix, J. Cortés, X. Pivot, P. Tomczak, E. Juozaityte, N. Harbeck, G. Steger
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody BV significantly improves efficacy in combination with standard therapies in multiple tumour types, with limited impact on toxicity. Three randomised phase III trials (E2100, AVADO and RIBBON-1) in mBC have demonstrated that BV + 1st-line chemotherapy (CTx) significantly improves progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rates (ORR). We present mature OS data from AVADO.Methods: Patients (pts) with HER2-negative LR/mBC were randomised to D 100mg/m2 + PL, D + BV 7.5mg/kg or D + BV 15mg/kg. D was given q3w for ≤9 cycles. BV or PL was given q3w until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity. After progression, pts were offered BV with 2nd-line anticancer therapy in a post-study treatment phase. The primary endpoint was PFS; secondary endpoints included OS, time to treatment failure, ORR, duration of response and safety. An exploratory analysis conducted in pts receiving post-progression CTx compared OS in pts receiving 2nd-line BV with those who did not.Results: 736 pts were enrolled March 2006–April 2007. The primary analysis (data cut-off October 2007; median follow-up 10.2 months) showed significant improvements in PFS and ORR for both BV-containing arms compared with PL + D. Mature OS data (data cut-off April 2009; median follow-up 25 months) are shown (Table). There was no difference in median OS between the study arms (range 30–32 months). Recognising the limitations of the non-randomised comparison in exploratory analyses, results suggest that use of BV with 2nd-line therapy is a possible reason for lack of OS difference. Updated PFS and ORR were superior for the 15mg/kg BV arm compared with PL + D. Results for the 7.5mg/kg BV arm also indicated a, less pronounced, treatment benefit. BV had limited impact on the safety profile of docetaxel. Increased SAEs in the 15mg/kg BV arm may be due to more pts receiving 9 cycles of D than in the PL arm (51% vs 42%).Conclusions: There was no difference in OS between study arms. Exploratory analyses suggest that use of 2nd-line BV with CTx may influence OS. These mature data confirm the improvement in PFS and ORR with BV 15mg/kg combined with D compared with PL + D. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 41.
Use of short-acting β2-agonists during pregnancy and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension
Authors: Marie-Josée Martel, Évelyne Rey, Marie-France Beauchesne, Sylvie Perreault, Amélie Forget, Karim Maghni, Geneviève Lefebvre, Lucie Blais
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)