tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HTLV-III ELISA Testing of Cadaveric Sera to Screen Potential Organ Transplant Donors
Authors: Jay S. Pepose, Francisco S. Pardo, Elizabeth Donegan, Thomas C. Quinn
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Approximately 25 000 corneal transplants are performed annually in the United States. 1 Demographic studies based on data from eye banks in California and Maryland indicate that the mean age of donors used for transplantation is 34.5 years and the male-to-female ratio is 3:1. Of these donor corneas, 78.2% were obtained from medical examiner's offices, 21.4% from hospitals, and 0.4% from funeral homes. 2 In many urban areas, single males who meet violent deaths make up a significant portion of donors and only a minimal medical history may be available. Such donors may come from groups at high risk for harboring human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) infection.  The efficacy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to detect antibodies against HTLV-III has been well established for testing premortem serum samples, 3 but not for testing postmortem samples to screen potential organ donors (eg, cornea or kidney donors).
The Reorganization of the Public Hospitals in New York in 1895 and the Present Attitude of the Profession on the Subject.
Authors: None JUSTITIA
Journal: JAMA (1897)

New York, July 1, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Two years ago the profession of this country was somewhat startled by the announcement that twenty-eight or more physicians who were serving gratuitously in the hospitals in the Department of Charities of New York were about to be set adrift without cause or pretext, except that the medical colleges clamored for their places. Surprise was heightened when it was made known that in spite of the protests of the veteran members here threatened with dismissal, and the repeated appeals of the local medical societies, the medical colleges defiantly proceeded to nominate physicians for places not yet vacated. This procedure stirred the general profession into prompt and vigorous action, as it certainly seemed to involve the violation of one of the basic principles of the Code of Ethics of theAmerican Medical Association. The County Medical Association of New York—that medical organization which
Doctors with AIDS and the "News of the World".
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1987)

A detailed account is given of a 1987 case in which a British newspaper was found in contempt of court for publishing an article based on confidential information about two doctors undergoing tretment for AIDS. The health authority treating the doctors had won an injunction restraining the newspaper from using any information from the doctors' medical records, based on the law of confidence which holds employees to a duty not to disclose confidential information acquired in the course of employment, unless it is in the public interest that it be disclosed. The court relied on testimony of medical experts that the risk to patients from general practitioners with AIDS could be reduced, by training and education, to nonexistence, and emphasized that confidentiality is of paramount importance to AIDS patients and therefore is in the public interest.
Association of Telomere Length of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes With Hematopoietic Relapse, Malignant Transformation, and Survival in Severe Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Phillip Scheinberg, James N. Cooper, Elaine M. Sloand, Colin O. Wu, Rodrigo T. Calado, Neal S. Young
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Critically short telomeres produce apoptosis, cell senescence, and chromosomal instability in tissue culture and animal models. Variations in telomere length have been reported in severe aplastic anemia but their clinical significance is unknown.To investigate the relationship between telomere length and clinical outcomes in severe aplastic anemia.Single institution analysis of 183 patients with severe aplastic anemia who were treated in sequential prospective protocols at the National Institutes of Health from 2000 to 2008. The pretreatment leukocyte age-adjusted telomere length of patients with severe aplastic anemia consecutively enrolled in immunosuppression protocols with antithymocyte globulin plus cyclosporine for correlation with clinical outcomes were analyzed.Hematologic response, relapse, clonal evolution, and survival.There was no relationship between hematologic response and telomere length with response rates of 56.5% of 46 patients in the first, 54.3% of 46 in the second, 60% of 45 in the third, and 56.5% of 46 in the fourth quartiles. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that telomere length was associated with relapse, clonal evolution, and mortality. Evaluated as a continuous variable, telomere length inversely correlated with the probability of hematologic relapse (hazard ratio [HR], 0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03-0.69; P = .01). The probability of clonal evolution was higher in patients in the first quartile (24.5%; 95% CI, 8.7%-37.5%) than in quartiles 2 through 4 (8.4%; 95% CI, 3.2%-13.3%; P = .009), and evolution to monosomy 7 or complex cytogenetics was more common in the first quartile (18.8%; 95% CI, 3.5%-31.6%) [corrected] than in quartiles 2 through 4 (4.5%; 95% CI, 0.5%-8.2%; P = .002) [corrected]. Survival between these 2 groups differed, with 66% (95% CI, 52.9%-82.5%) surviving 6 years in the first quartile compared with 83.8% (95% CI, 77.3%-90.9%) in quartiles 2 through 4 (P = .008).In a cohort of patients with severe aplastic anemia receiving immunosuppressive therapy, telomere length was unrelated to response but was associated with risk of relapse, clonal evolution, and overall survival.
Vascular Radiation in a Drug-Eluting Stent World
Authors: Paul S. Teirstein, Spencer King
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Dr Teirstein serves as a consultant for companies that manufacture vascular brachytherapy and drug-eluting stent technologies.He also holds patents and receives royalties from the sale of radiation delivery catheters.Dr King serves as a consultant for and receives research support from companies that manufacture vascular brachytherapy and drug-eluting stent technologies.He also receives royalties from the sale of radiation delivery catheters.
Review of Drug Information for the Health Care Provider and Advice for the Patient
Authors: EDWIN D. BRANSOME
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1986Review of Drug Information for the Health Care Provider and Advice for the PatientEDWIN D. BRANSOME JR., M.D.EDWIN D. BRANSOME JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-2-289_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The United States Pharmacopeial (USP) Convention, a federally chartered, nonprofit organization, has been publishing annual compendia of information about drugs since 1980. Each year there are two volumes based on the voluntary contributions of hundreds of physician advisors: Drug Information for the Health Care Provider (Volume I) and Advice for the Patient (Volume II) (1). Unfortunately, most physicians are unaware of these authoritative and extremely useful books.When I turned to the book review section of the October Annals, I was surprised and disappointed to read the uncomplimentary review by Elgee (2) of the 1985 Advice for...References1. USP DI: Volumes I and II. 5th ed. Rockville, Maryland: United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc.; 1985. Google Scholar2. ELGEE N. Review of USP DI: Advice for the Patient. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:650. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1986Volume 104, Issue 2Page: 289-290KeywordsDrug informationDrugsHealth care providersUnited States pharmacopeia Issue Published: 1 February 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
High SVR rate in HCV pts with normal or increased ALT: A controlled study with IFN alpha 2B and ribavirin
Authors: A. Mangia, M. Piattelli, O. Vuturo, G. Spinzi, O. D'Apolito, A. Iacobellis, G. Minoli, G. Montalto, A. Andriulli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Allergy to Mace
Authors: David G. Fulghum
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The brief report by Dr Frazier was an interesting description of an unusual contact dermatitis. However, it was not the second recorded case, as was suggested. Several similar cases have been described. Although I have not attempted a detailed search of the literature, I am aware of the following three references which Dr Frazier might find interesting: Penneys N, Israel RM, Indgin SM: Contact dermatitis due to 1-chloroacetophenone and chemical mace. N Engl J Med 281:413-415, 1969. Penneys N: Contact dermatitis to chloroacetophenone. Fed Proc 30:96-99, 1971. Maibach H, Marzulli F: Allergic sensitization potential of riot-control lacriments: Human draize test. Contact Dermatitis Newsletter 9:209, 1971.
Furuncular myiasis: alternatives to Bacon therapy
Authors: O. Thelin
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —I read with interest the article by Brewer et al 1 about myiasis.  It was a common problem when I lived in Zimbabwe, Zaire, and Gabon where it is recommended to let clothes and bed linen dry indoors and to iron them when possible as is mentioned in the article. The well-known treatment to extract the larvae is a thick application of petroleum jelly (Vaseline) in order to cut the air supply and make the larvae migrate out of the skin. This usually occurs within a few minutes, and the transparency of the petroleum jelly allows one to watch the egress and catch the larvae. I understand that any substance can block the air supply but I doubt bacon therapy will be successful or feasible in the Muslim countries throughout Africa and Asia, and I wanted to remind readers of the current therapy in endemic areas.
The laboratory use of butylnitrite for the production of methemoglobin
Authors: Eugene Roth, Antoniettina Rinaldi, Giovanni Maria Fiori, Giorgio Filippi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

The use of volatile butylnitrite in place of sodium nitrite for the in vitro production of methemoglobin was explored in studies of G6PD-deficient red cells and for measurements of the red cell methemoglobin reductase activity. It was found that butylnitrite vapor caused a more rapid oxidation of intracellular hemoglobin than sodium nitrite and required fewer washes for removal. Hence a more rapid preparation of the cells was possible. Both cytochemical detection of G6PD-deficient cells in a female heterozygote for G6PD deficiency and the screening test for a methemoglobin reductase deficiency could be performed with butylnitrite as well as with sodium nitrite. This small modification of these standard procedures promises to save time and facilitate processing of many samples during genetic screening of relevant populations.
The Original Sins
Authors: G. G. Liddle
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Reading in one of our most distinguished scientific medical journals, I encountered a disquisition on original antigenic sin. Puzzled, because the idea of morality in antigens was new to me, I read the communication carefully, suspecting that the sin in this case was an acronym, meaning something like Synthetic Immunological Nonsense. To my intense delight, this was found not to be the case. As I read a little further, the Doctrine of Original Antigenic Sin appeared in capitals. This put the matter into enlightened perspective. The moral quality was beyond dispute. It is incorporated into a doctrine. Was it possible that the English language had altered, permitting sin to cover a multitude of errors? Not so. Webster's and Oxford's sins are almost identical, Webster being even more strict than Oxford, who permits sin to become a pity or a shame. Oxford's first definition controls the market: An
THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF UROLOGIC DISEASE
Authors: SIDNEY A. PORTIS
Journal: JAMA (1935)

The gastro-enterologist is frequently confronted with symptoms, referable to the abdomen, that cannot be explained on the basis of pathologic changes in the gastro-intestinal tract. In a number of cases, exhaustive study and resultant symptomatic management failed to relieve the symptoms. We therefore sought a possible explanation in the urinary tract, in spite of the fact that the urinary symptoms were either lacking or entirely in the background. Metabolic disturbances associated with the nephritides frequently give rise to symptoms that are purely gastro-intestinal, but these are associated with corresponding blood changes with absorption of the toxic products. This group of cases is not considered in this presentation because the cases are so obviously renal in origin. With these facts in mind we began to search for a possible explanation of this curious relationship. Reviewing the neurologic aspect, we note the interrelation of the nerve supply of the upper urinary tract,
Factors influencing the incidence of neonatal jaundice.
Authors: L Friedman, P J Lewis, P Clifton, C J Bulpitt
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A retrospective study of 12 461 single births confirmed an association between maternal oxytocin infusion and neonatal jaundice. The effect of oxytocin on jaundice was independent of gestational age at birth, sex, race, epidural anaesthesia, method of delivery, and birth weight, each of which was significantly associated with neonatal jaundice. The effect of oxytocin was, however, small, producing a calculated mean increase in peak plasma bilirubin concentration of 8.6 mumol/1 (0.5 mg/100 ml); this excess was independent of sex and less than the effect of the baby being born one week earlier.
Human immunodeficiency virus‐1 disease progression in hemophiliacs
Authors: Paul R. Becherer, M. Lynn Smiley, Thomas J. Matthews, Kent J. Weinhold, Campbell W. McMillan, Gilbert C. White
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract A retrospective study of 153 hemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1) was performed to determine the clinical and immunological consequences of HIV‐1 infection and the markers and cofactors associated with these changes. Nearly 80% of HIV‐1‐infected hemophiliacs have developed a significant reduction in their CD‐4 + counts (&lt;400 CD‐4 + cells/mm 3 ) with 40% having less than 200 CD‐4 + cells/mm 3 by the end of 1987. The rate of CD‐4 + cell count decline was slightly greater in patients who have already developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) compared to those who have not (50 vs. 31 cells/mm 3 /6 months). Thrombocytopenia and older age were associated with a more rapid CD‐4 + count deterioration, but the quantity of clotting factor utilized did not affect immunologic progression. In patients with &lt; 200 CD‐4 + cells/mm 3 , the incidence of AIDS was significantly higher in adults (&gt;21 years old) compared to children/adolescents. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroprevalence increased with age but did not correlate with the amount of concentrated clotting factor used. Although there was no relationship between CMV status and progression to AIDS, CMV‐seropositive patients were older and had a lower CD‐4 + count. Thus the majority of HIV‐1‐infected hemophiliacs are developing progressive immune dysfunction measured by CD‐4 + count decline. This drop in CD‐4 + count significantly correlates with a risk for the development of AIDS in adults but not in children (&lt;21 years old).
The Risk for Type B Aortic Dissection in Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Alexander W. den Hartog, Romy Franken, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, Janneke Timmermans, Arthur J. Scholte, Maarten P. van den Berg, Vivian de Waard, Gerard Pals, Barbara J.M. Mulder, Maarten Groenink
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Deletion of Mecp2 in Sim1-Expressing Neurons Reveals a Critical Role for MeCP2 in Feeding Behavior, Aggression, and the Response to Stress
Authors: Sharyl L. Fyffe, Jeff L. Neul, Rodney C. Samaco, Hsiao-Tuan Chao, Shay Ben-Shachar, Paolo Moretti, Bryan E. McGill, Evan H. Goulding, Elinor Sullivan, Laurence H. Tecott, Huda Y. Zoghbi
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Detection of translocations affecting the BCL6 locus in B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: D Sanchez-Izquierdo, R Siebert, L Harder, I Marugan, A Gozzetti, HP Price, S Gesk, JM Hernandez-Rivas, I Benet, F Solé, T Sonoki, MM Le Beau, B Schlegelberger, MJS Dyer, J Garcia-Conde, JA Martinez-Climent
Journal: Leukemia (2001)
Site-specific cell proliferation in renal tubular cells by the renal tubular carcinogen tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate.
Authors: M L Cunningham, M R Elwell, H B Matthews
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Our laboratory has been examining the mechanisms whereby chemicals are mutagenic in short-term in-vitro assays yet are not carcinogenic in 2-year rodent bioassays. Previous studies indicated that mutagenic carcinogens increased the amount of cell turnover in the target organ, but that mutagenic noncarcinogens failed to do so. The present study compares the incidence of cell proliferation in specific regions of the kidney, which is the site of carcinogenicity, with cell proliferation induced in a nontarget tissue, the liver, by the mutagenic renal tubular carcinogen tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (TRIS). Renal tubular adenocarcinoma induced by TRIS was the only tumor type identified in male F344 rats, and it was localized in the outer medulla. Male F344 rats were fed a diet containing 0, 50, or 100 ppm TRIS for 14 days. These doses were identical to the doses given in the National Toxicology Program cancer bioassay. Replicating cells were labeled with bromodeoxyuridine administered by an osmotic minipump and identified in tissue sections from liver and kidney using immunohistochemical techniques. Examination of liver sections showed no chemically related increases in cell proliferation above control for either dose group. However, in the kidney, TRIS induced significant cell proliferation that was localized in the renal outer medulla region, the target area for carcinogenesis. The labeling index (number of labeled cells/total number of cells counted) in the kidneys of TRIS-exposed rats was increased approximately 4-fold in the outer medulla and was not increased in the cortex or inner medulla. The results of this study suggest an association between the chemically-induced renal cell proliferation and the renal carcinogenicity of TRIS.
A TCRMimic Monoclonal Antibody Generated from a Directly Discovered Epitope of p68 RNA Helicase Dramatically Debulks Large Established Tumors through Recognition of a Specific MHC/Peptide Complex.
Authors: B. Verma, J. Weidanz, J. Weidanz
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Debulking large tumors using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that specifically recognize unique T cell epitopes represents a novel approach to cancer therapy.Using a mAb designated as a TCRm we recently demonstrated the in vivo suppression of tumor growth. The TCRm had specificity for a peptide/MHC class I molecule expressed on the surface of the tumor cells. In this study we use an innovative direct epitope discovery strategy that led to the identification of peptide YLLPAIVHI in the context of HLA-A*0201 (YLL/A2) in human breast carcinoma cell lines. The peptide is derived from the DEAD Box RNA helicase protein p68, a protein overexpressed and highly phosphorylated in malignant cells. A TCRm antibody (RL6A) was generated and characterized for binding specificity, sensitivity and affinity for the YLL/A2 target. The TCRm specifically stained cells that co-expressed HLA-A2 and p68 but not cells lacking expression of p68 protein or HLA-A2 alone. It binds to cognate peptide/HLA-A2 with an affinity constant (KD) of 5.69 x 10-10 M and recognized specifically the YLL/A2 epitope in human breast cancer tissue but not in normal control breast tissue.Mice implanted in the mammary fat pad with human breast tumor cells grew tumors of considerable size, yet when treated with RL6A TCRm there was a marked reduction in tumor size. Examination of frozen tumor tissue sections revealed significantly greater numbers of apoptotic cells in mice treated with RL6A TCRm than with control antibody. Investigation in vitro showed that TCRm engagement of specific YLL/A2 epitope led to the induction of apoptosis providing the first experimental evidence that MHC signaling could directly mediate tumor cell death. Together, these data indicate that TCRm targeting of specific peptide/MHC complexes unique to tumor cells is effective not only in slowing the growth of tumors but also in dramatically reducing the size of established tumors and suggests a possible novel approach to the treatment of cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5072.
Midwest Symposium Seeks Therapeutic Answers to Global AIDS Problem
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1990)

NEW THERAPEUTIC strategies that lead in various clinical directions, all aimed at combating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, were the subject of a recent multidisciplinary symposium sponsored by The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Mich. The pharmaceutical firm brought together investigators from industry, academe, and government to stimulate discussion and facilitate an exchange of ideas focused on stemming the advancing tide of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), whose cumulative death toll in the United States alone has now reached nearly 70 000. National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md, researchers Ira Pastan, MD, and Edward Berger, PhD, excited interest with their reports on efforts to "create a guided missile against HIV-infected cells." Building on knowledge gained from using toxins for cancer therapy and on the previous development of recombinant soluble CD4 proteins, HIV-binding "decoys" (<i>JAMA</i>. 1988;259:463), they have genetically engineered a hybrid toxin, linking the cytopathic portions of the bacterium<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>