tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PROSTATOTOMY BY THE METHOD OF GOLDSCHMIDT
Authors: CHARLES M. HARPSTER
Journal: JAMA (1913)

A large prostate may cause little trouble, while a small gland may cause complete and continuous retention. Contraction of the bladder neck at times causes annoying conditions and is often overlooked by practitioners, who advise against any operative procedure because a large gland is not found on examination by rectum. In cases of contraction of the bladder neck, without enlargement of the gland, it is of no avail to remove the prostate. A slit of the median bar, when present, through the urethra, is simple, and, in cases in which drainage is not essential, is to my mind best accomplished by the method under discussion. I shall relate briefly some of my experiences with the Goldschmidt instruments. One patient, a man aged 67, had had a perineal prostatectomy performed and was unable to void urine without the use of a catheter. At the Toledo Hospital I incised the obstructing band
Azathioprine-induced meningitis in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: J. S. Sergent
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  The article by Widener and Littman (239:1062, 1978) describes a case of recurrent aseptic meningitis induced by ibuprofen in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (LE). Although aseptic meningitis has been reported repeatedly in LE, the authors state that  our knowledge this is the first reported case of aseptic meningitis as a manifestation of an adverse reaction to an ingested drug.  In a large review of CNS disease and systemic LE, 1 we described two patients who had episodes of recurrent aseptic meningitis induced by azathioprine. Both of these patients have had at least one episode of aseptic meningitis apparently related to the underlying disease. Both patients recovered completely, with no known neurologic sequelae.  We believe that our cases, in addition to that of Widener and Littman, underscore the fact that, at least in patients with systemic LE, the possibility of an adverse drug reaction must
Acute Effects of a Fungal Volatile Compound
Authors: Robert Wålinder, Lena Ernstgård, Gunnar Johanson, Dan Norbäck, Per Venge, Gunilla Wieslander
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

3-Methylfuran (3-MF) is a common fungal volatile product with active biologic properties, and previous studies have indicated a contribution to airway disease. The aim of the present study was to assess the acute health effects of this compound in humans.Acute effects were assessed via chamber exposure to (1 mg/m3) 3-MF.Twenty-nine volunteers provided symptom reports, ocular electromyograms, measurement of eye tear film break-up time,vital staining of the eye, nasal lavage, acoustic rhinometry, transfer tests, and dynamic spirometry.No subjective ratings were significantly increased during exposure. Blinking frequency and the lavage biomarkers myeloperoxidase and lysozyme were significantly increased, and forced vital capacity was significantly decreased during exposure to 3-MF compared with air control.Acute effects in the eyes, nose, and airways were detected and might be the result of the biologically active properties of 3-MF. Thus, 3-MF may contribute to building-related illness.
To-day's Drugs
Authors: George L. Fite
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The<i>British Medical Journal</i>runs a weekly feature, "To-day's Drugs," which ranges widely over the entire field, from a short column on influenza vaccine to longer discussions of effective drug treatment of gout or peptic ulcer. For 17 months beginning in 1963, a special series of essays had been commissioned, to cover modern therapeutics of conditions commonly met in general and hospital practice. These articles have now been revised by their 34 contributors and gathered into this compact volume. The coverage is by topics, with 11 main headings. The cardiovascular system, for example, receives 40 pages which include discussion of diuretics, hypotensive drugs, and drugs for cardiac arrhythmias. With such an arrangement, some drugs are considered in more than one area. The drugs relevant to the endocrine and reproductive systems receive 57 pages. Of these, the 15 pages devoted to oral contraceptives may reflect the current popular fascination with the
Weather reports to be used to forecast NHS workload
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Weather reports will be used to help forecast NHS workloads this winter, following on from the results published last week of a feasibility study by the health forecasting unit of the Met Office (the United Kingdom's national weather forecasting service).

The project, Forecasting the Nation's Health, was funded by the winter and emergency planning team at the Department of Health but will also receive £1.4m ($2m) from the Treasury over the next …
Antiplatelet Therapy in Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Steven P. Schulman
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Acute coronary syndromes are a frequent cause of hospital admission for patients with coronary artery disease. The pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes often involves plaque rupture or fissure with platelet aggregation. Recognition of the importance of platelet aggregation resulted in several large randomized trials testing 3 types of platelet antagonists, aspirin, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and adenosine diphosphate inhibitors. A thorough understanding of the data, risks, and benefits of these therapies is important to optimize treatment of the patient with an acute coronary syndrome. Recognition that there is a great deal of interpatient variability in response to these antiplatelet therapies highlights the need for future research in this area.
Fortnightly Review: The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: F B. Pipkin
Journal: BMJ (1995)

points* Pre-eclampsia remains the single most common cause of maternal death in the United Kingdom.Its cause is still unknown so it cannot be prevented or treated rationally * The rise in blood pressure that occurs in late pregnancy without other symptoms may initially be compensatory for fetoplacental hypoxia and therefore physiological.This com- pensatory mechanism may explain the high incidence of hypertension during pregnancy * In some women the compensation breaks down and severe multisystem disease occurs resulting in pregnancy induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia * Lipid peroxidation and consequent endothelial damage are probably involved in patho- genesis * Calcium excretion is reduced and intracellular free calcium concentrations increased, which could contribute to the greater pressor responsiveness * Most of the cardiovascular changes occur during the second half of pregnancy and are hormonally driven rather than mediated by the sympathetic nervous system * Women at risk of developing pre-eclampsia can be detected early in pregnancy by asking whether their mother developed the condition; by measuring blood pressure using a standard- ised method; and by checking for proteinuria * Do not use diuretics * Do not use angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors Treatment ofhypertension alone * Hypertension alone may well be benign, but it needs careful monitoring and, if possible, referral to a pregnancy assessment clinic * If it occurs before 37 weeks patients should be referred for specialist review * If proteinuria develops patients must be referred to a specialist
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in young versus adult patients: Similarities and differences
Authors: Luciano Daliento, Pietro Turrini, Andrea Nava, Giulio Rizzoli, Annalisa Angelini, Gianfranco Buja, Roldano Scognamiglio, Gaetano Thiene
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Distribution and turnover of cholesterol in humans
Authors: Paul J. Nestel, H. Malcolm Whyte, DeWitt S. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The relationships between some parameters of cholesterol metabolism and body weight were studied in 22 subjects. Cholesterol-4-(14)C, complexed with plasma lipoprotein, was injected intravenously and from the resultant specific activity-time curves a number of indexes of cholesterol turnover were calculated. These were based on the two-pool model previously described by Goodman and Noble and included estimates of the sizes of the two pools, the production rate of cholesterol in the system, the rate constants for cholesterol removal from the two pools and transfer between the pools, and the metabolic clearance of cholesterol. Single and multiple regression analysis was used to define the relationships between the turnover and distribution of cholesterol and the total weight and fat content of the body. The amount of cholesterol in the more rapidly turning over pool A, which probably includes cholesterol in liver, plasma, erythrocytes, and part of the viscera such as intestine, varied from 14.9 to 32.7 g. The mean value for the extraplasma part of pool A was 17.9 g. Making certain assumptions it was possible to derive estimates of the probable lower and upper values for size of pool B (exchangeable cholesterol in tissues other than in pool A), which were, on average, 35 and 60 g. The daily production rate of cholesterol (assumed to be equivalent to total turnover rate) varied between 0.73 and 1.68 g/day. The production rate of cholesterol and the size of pool B were significantly related to total body, and particularly to excess body, weight. When the plasma content was excluded, the amount of cholesterol in pool A was not related to weight. For a body of ideal weight the production rate was 1.10 g/day and the size of pool B between 32 and 53 g. For each kilogram of excess weight the expected increments were 0.0220 g/day and 0.90 g, respectively. The plasma cholesterol concentration was not related to the production rate or to the amount of cholesterol in the two pools. It was, however, inversely related to the fractional rate of removal from pool A and to the metabolic clearance rate of cholesterol which suggests that inadequate excretion could be of importance in the development of hypercholesterolemia.
Hairy-Cell Leukemia and Aplastic Anemia
Authors: CHARLES F. WINKLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1979Hairy-Cell Leukemia and Aplastic AnemiaCHARLES F. WINKLER, M.D., CLIFFORD V. JENNINGS, M.D.CHARLES F. WINKLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CLIFFORD V. JENNINGS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-794_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We have read with interest the article by Brearley and colleagues, "Hairy-Cell Leukemia Presenting As Aplastic Anemia'' (1). We have had similar experiences while seeing patients on the service of Dr. Lung T. Yam. We wish to report one case in which the diagnosis of hairy-cell leukemia was not difficult but which behaved as a typical case of aplastic anemia.A 55-year-old white man was seen in July 1975 because of weakness, pancytopenia, and splenomegaly. Laboratory data showed a hemoglobin of 9.8 g/dL; hematocrit 31.3%, mean corpuscular volume 96 μm3; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 31.7%; leukocyte count...Reference1. BREARLEY R, CHAPMAN R, and BROZOVIC B. Hairy-cell leukemia presenting as aplastic anemia. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:228. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CHARLES F. WINKLER, M.D.; CLIFFORD V. JENNINGS, M.D.Affiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center Louisville, KY 40202 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySuccessful Treatment of Aplastic Variant of Hairy-cell Leukaemia with DeoxycoformycinHairy cell leukemia. Disease pattern and prognosisAplastic anemia terminating in hairy cell leukemia. A report of two casesHairy cell leukemia with bone marrow hypoplasiaKlinik der malignen Lymphome 1 November 1979Volume 91, Issue 5Page: 794-795KeywordsAplastic anemiaHematocritHemoglobinLungsMean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrationMean corpuscular volumeResearch laboratoriesSplenomegaly ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Christ Stopped at Eboli
Authors: B. Twisselmann
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Born in Turin, the doctor, artist, and writer Carlo Levi was exiled to the arid Basilicata region in southern Italy in 1935 after being arrested in connection with his political activism. His memoir of the year he spent there, Christ Stopped at Eboli , written while he was in hiding in Florence eight years later, introduces readers to a world that is more than just geographically remote from the affluent, cultured north of Italy. 

Ostensibly banished to the area to paint, Levi reflects repeatedly on the public health aspects of Italy’s great north-south divide and cannot help being drawn into practising medicine—while being regarded as something of a sorcerer by …
A policy for laxatives: Authors' reply
Authors: D N Bateman, J M Smith
Journal: BMJ (1989)

in immunocompromised patients (S E Young, personal communication).Not onlye does DF-2 infection have similar transmission and clinical expression to P multocida infection but the organism is also sensitive to penicillin.I wonder whether yet other domestic zoonoses will come to light, initially in more susceptible and investigated subjects, and later in non-immunocompromised subjects, who might anvway be treated blindly with penicillin or even recover spontaneously; such an illness could easily be attributed to a "virus."W P A WHITEHOUSE Hopc Hospital.SaltfOrd,
The relevance of platelet and fibrin thromboembolism of the coronary microcirculation, with special reference to sudden cardiac death.
Authors: N El-Maraghi, E Genton
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The coronary microcirculation was examined for platelet and fibrin thrombi in hearts from 21 normal subjects and 244 cardiac patients, including 168 with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 76 with other types of heart disease. Seventy-seven cases were sudden cardiac death (SCD). No microthrombi were present in any of the normal hearts, whereas platelet and fibrin thrombin were present in the coronary microcirculation in 32 of 244 cardiac cases (13.1%), including 19 with IHD and 13 with other types of heart disease and after cardiac surgery. The microthrombi were either embolic or represented in situ thrombosis, depending upon the underlying pathologic process. There was no significant difference in the incidence of microthrombi in SCD patients, with IHD (10 of 50, 20%) compared with patients who survived longer (nine of 93, 10%). In SCD patients, however, platelet microthrombin were more frequent in patients less than 45 years of age compared with those older than 45 years of age (p = 0.0002). We concluded that coronary microcirculatory thrombi are not uncommon in heart disease. A subgroup of SCD in young patients with IHD has been identified in whom microcirculatory platelet thrombosis is the main cardiac pathologic process. The significance of this process is emphasized by the associated myocardial damage.
Predicting Recurrence and Progression in Individual Patients with Stage Ta T1 Bladder Cancer Using EORTC Risk Tables: A Combined Analysis of 2596 Patients from Seven EORTC Trials
Authors: Richard J. Sylvester, Adrian P.M. van der Meijden, Willem Oosterlinck, J. Alfred Witjes, Christian Bouffioux, Louis Denis, Donald W.W. Newling, Karlheinz Kurth
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Fine-Tuned Expression of Programmed Death 1 Ligands in Mature Dendritic Cells Stimulated by CD40 Ligand Is Critical for the Induction of an Efficient Tumor Specific Immune Response
Authors: Tao Gu, Yibei Zhu, Cheng Chen, Min Li, Yongjing Chen, Gehua Yu, Yan Ge, Shiyong Zhou, Huan Zhou, Yong Huang, Yuhua Qiu, Xueguang Zhang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2008)
Mutations of BRAF and KRAS Precede the Development of Ovarian Serous Borderline Tumors
Authors: Chung-Liang Ho, Robert J. Kurman, Reiko Dehari, Tian-Li Wang, Ie-Ming Shih
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Molecular genetic changes that are associated with the initiating stage of tumor development are important in tumorigenesis. Ovarian serous borderline tumors (SBTs), putative precursors of low-grade serous carcinomas, are among the few human neoplasms with a high frequency of activating mutations in BRAF and KRAS genes. However, it remains unclear as to how these mutations contribute to tumor progression. To address this issue, we compared the mutational status of BRAF and KRAS in both SBTs and the adjacent epithelium from cystadenomas, the presumed precursor of SBTs. We found that three of eight SBTs contained mutant BRAF, and four SBTs contained mutant KRAS. All specimens with mutant BRAF harbored wild-type KRAS and vice versa. Thus, seven (88%) of eight SBTs contained either BRAF or KRAS mutations. The same mutations detected in SBTs were also identified in the cystadenoma epithelium adjacent to the SBTs in six (86%) of seven informative cases. As compared to SBTs, the cystadenoma epithelium, like ovarian surface epithelium, lacks cytological atypia. Our findings provide cogent evidence that mutations of BRAF and KRAS occur in the epithelium of cystadenomas adjacent to SBTs and strongly suggest that they are very early events in tumorigenesis, preceding the development of SBT.
Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group FANCD2 Protein Serine 331 Phosphorylation Is Important for Fanconi Anemia Pathway Function and BRCA2 Interaction
Authors: Gang Zhi, James B. Wilson, Xiaoyong Chen, Diane S. Krause, Yuxuan Xiao, Nigel J. Jones, Gary M. Kupfer
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Fanconi anemia is a cancer-prone inherited bone marrow failure and cancer susceptibility syndrome with at least 13 complementation groups (FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCI, FANCJ, FANCL, FANCM, and FANCN). Our laboratory has previously described several regulatory phosphorylation events for core complex member proteins FANCG and FANCA by phosphorylation. In this study, we report a novel phosphorylation site serine 331 (S331) of FANCD2, the pivotal downstream player of the Fanconi anemia pathway. Phosphorylation of S331 is important for its DNA damage-inducible monoubiquitylation, resistance to DNA cross-linkers, and in vivo interaction with FANCD1/BRCA2. A phosphomimetic mutation at S331 restores all of these phenotypes to wild-type. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that phosphorylation of S331 is mediated by CHK1, the S-phase checkpoint kinase implicated in the Fanconi anemia DNA repair pathway.
The Remarkable Surgical Practice of John Benjamin Murphy
Authors: John H. Wulsin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Members of the staff of Mercy Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago, Ill, have collaborated to publish a summary of the life and work of J. B. Murphy, 1857-1916, the legendary master surgeon and teacher. His writings and operations were so prodigious in number and extent that the editors, R. L. Schmitz, MD, professor emeritus, University of Illinois, and T. T. Oh, chief librarian, Mercy Hospital, wisely have chosen to summarize Murphy's accomplishments in a series of chapters devoted to general surgery, gynecology, neurosurgery, orthopedics, thoracic surgery, urology, vascular surgery, and infectious disease. In addition, there are brief accounts of his life and the Chicago setting in which he flourished. Perhaps only a skilled librarian could collect and record Murphy's enormous output of written material, which is clearly and comprehensively presented at the end of this volume. The reader gains an immediate feeling for the spellbinding performances of Murphy as he
John Walker Sinclair Irwin
Authors: J I Logan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Consultant surgeon Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast (b Belfast 1913; q Queen's University, Belfast, 1937; FRCS Ed), d 13 August 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




Sinclair Irwin was passionate about rugby and played for Ireland, winning five caps as a back row forward. He volunteered for the Royal Army Medical Corps in October 1939 but was captured at the fall of France in June 1940 when he stayed behind with the wounded. In 1950 he was appointed to the Royal Victoria Hospital as a general surgeon, where he developed an interest in vascular work. He was involved with the planning of the redevelopment of the hospital. He retired in 1978. He was president of the Ulster branch of the Irish Rugby Football Union and later of the union itself. He leaves a wife, Betty; and five children.
A Localized Epidemic of Coccidioidal Infection
Authors: W. A. Winn, H. B. Levine, J. E. Broderick, R. W. Crane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE coccidioidal endemic areas have been fairly well defined, and the geographic boundaries in the southwestern United States are known.1 Most heavily contaminated are the southern San JoaquinValley in central California and the Phoenix–Tucson area in Arizona. Within these areas the pattern of contamination of the soil by Coccidioides immitis is not uniform but appears to be concentrated in somewhat isolated locales,2 3 4 5 owing to variation in the environmental factors that encourage or discourage the growth of the pathogenic fungus in a particular area.6 A similar situation has been demonstrated with histoplasmosis when localized epidemics occur where soil conditions are . . .
Doctors must debate hospital closures
Authors: Richard Lehman
Journal: BMJ (2006)

” D octors back mass hospital closures” said the front page head-line of the Observer on 17 September. To many doctors this will have come as a surprise. This issue has never been the subject of a full national debate in the profession. Over the past 15 years there has been much talk of centralising services and many local campaigns over individual threatened local hospitals but little systematic collection of evidence to inform decision making. Instead, the process has been driven largely by financial pressures, by the European Working Time Directive and its effects on junior doctors' staffing, and various recommendations from the royal colleges about the levels of staffing and activity that would allow posts to be accredited for training.

Inevitably these pressures have driven hospitals to amalgamate services, at some cost to local accessibility. Equally inevitably such moves are deeply unpopular with patients, who may have to travel considerable distances for acute care that used to be on their doorstep. The services most likely to be cut or merged throughout Britain are paediatrics, obstetrics, and …
A Phase I, first-in-human, open label, dose escalation study of MGD007, a humanized gpA33 × CD3 dual-affinity re-targeting (DART®) protein in patients with relapsed/refractory metastatic colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Herbert Hurwitz, Todd Crocenzi, Joanna Lohr, Ezio Bonvini, Syd Johnson, Paul Moore, Jon Wigginton
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third-most commonly diagnosed cancer in the U.S., and the third-most common cause of cancer death. There were 136,830 new cases of CRC and 50,310 deaths due to CRC in 2014. For patients with unresectable metastatic disease, initial therapy