tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plasma lipoproteins after triglyceride clearance in cholesterol-fed rats.
Authors: S H Quarfordt, B S Oswald, M O Farouk, D C Wehrenberg, E B Morton, B A Landis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The clearance of particulate triglyceride from the plasma of cholesterol-fed rats with appreciable stores of hepatic cholesterol ester produces a substantial increment in plasma cholesterol. Most of this plasma cholesterol increment arises from existing tissue sources. The increment begins from 4 to 6 h after clearance and is due to the appearance of larger cholesterol-rich, triglyceride-poor, beta migrating lipoproteins, which are isolated in the d < 1.063 fraction with an apoprotein (Apo) content consisting primarily of Apo E and smaller amounts of Apo B. A concurrent decrease in alpha lipoproteins occurs with the beta lipoprotein increment. Within 1 d of clearance the beta lipoproteins fall and alpha lipoproteins increase. The increase in total plasma Apo E and Apo B initially parallels that of the cholesterol, but it persists even when cholesterol falls. A modest decrease in plasma Apo A1 was observed during the time alpha lipoproteins declined. A significant increase in plasma lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase preceded the increase in beta lipoprotein cholesterol. This enzyme increment was absent in rats with little lipoprotein response despite increased hepatic cholesterol. In vivo inhibition of this enzyme with dithionitrobenzoic acid virtually eliminated the postclearance hypercholesterolemia. Plasma particulate triglyceride clearance induces an increase in beta lipoproteins. Coupling of this clearance and hepatic lipoprotein secretion occurs by an unknown mechanism modulated by lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase.
Cannabis regulation: the need to develop guidelines on use
Authors: A. Winstock
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A regulated cannabis market could be a good thing.1 Potential benefits range from breaking the dominance of drug cartels and redistributing law enforcement budgets to taxation, consumer choice, quality control, and reducing criminalisation of mostly young and otherwise law abiding citizens. But we mustn’t end up with a net public health loss.

Any attempt at regulation must protect young people from early initiation into use …
AIDS in the UK: The Making of Policy, 1981-1994
Authors: R A Coutinho
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Virginia Berridge Oxford University Press, £12.99, pp 389 ISBN 0 19 820473 6

It is not easy to write a contemporary history of a complicated topic like AIDS, not only because of the large amount of material available but also because much of the documentation is coloured by the ideas and background of the people concerned in the control of AIDS. Taking that into account, Virginia Berridge has done an excellent job. In her account of 14 years of policy making on AIDS in the United Kingdom she tries to stay with the facts and to interpret without making judgments.

The …
The Slippery Knot Syndrome
Authors: Hsio Wang
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Zenker’s Diverticulum
Authors: Jean-Philippe Le Mouel, Mathurin Fumery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2017)

A 67-year-old man with an 8-month history of dysphagia and regurgitation presented to the gastroenterology clinic. A barium swallow examination showed an outpouching esophageal lesion consistent with a Zenker’s diverticulum.
Identification of Flt3 internal tandem duplications downstream targets by high‐throughput immunoblotting protein array system
Authors: Shinichiro Takahashi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract The receptor tyrosine kinase Flt3 plays an important role in proliferation and survival of hematopoietic cells. Flt3 is the most frequently mutated gene (20–30%) in cases of acutemyeloid leukemia (AML). The majority of Flt3 mutations are internal tandem duplications (ITD) in the juxtamembrane domain of Flt3 receptor. This mutation results in the constitutive activation of STAT5 and Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways, leading to the aberrant growth of AML cells. In this study, to better understand the mechanisms of Flt3‐ITD to the downstream pathways, a high‐throughput immunoblotting protein array system was employed. As a result, c‐Jun and c‐Raf were markedly induced, suggesting that these factors are functional downstream targets of Flt3‐ITD. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
1055 ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF ANA598, A POTENT NON- NUCLEOSIDE POLYMERASE INHIBITOR, IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS
Authors: E. Lawitz, M. Rodriguez-Torres, M. DeMicco, T. Nguyen, E. Godofsky, J. Appleman, M. Rahimy, C. Crowley, J. Freddo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Mapping the conversion of atrial flutter to atrial fibrillation and atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter. Insights into mechanisms.
Authors: J Ortiz, S Niwano, H Abe, Y Rudy, N J Johnson, A L Waldo
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

It is not generally believed that there is a relation between atrial flutter, thought to be due to a single reentrant circuit, and atrial fibrillation, thought to be due to simultaneously circulating multiple-reentrant wave fronts. However, there are many reasons to suggest that these rhythms are more closely related than previously thought. To test the hypothesis that the length of an area of functional block in the right atrial free wall is critical to the conversion of atrial flutter to atrial fibrillation and of atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter, we studied spontaneous and ATP-induced conversion of stable atrial flutter to sustained atrial fibrillation and spontaneous conversion of sustained atrial fibrillation to stable atrial flutter. We studied 13 episodes of the conversion of stable atrial flutter to sustained atrial fibrillation and sustained atrial fibrillation to stable atrial flutter in seven dogs with sterile pericarditis. Six episodes were spontaneous and seven were ATP related. All episodes were studied by using a multisite mapping system to record 190 unipolar electrograms (converted in the software to 95 bipolar electrograms) from the right atrial free wall along with ECG lead II. Atrial flutter induction was attempted by atrial stimulation (S1S2 or S1S2S3) or by rapid atrial pacing for > or = 20 beats from selected sites at selected rates. For both the spontaneous and the ATP-related episodes, stable atrial flutter was defined as any episode of > or = 5 minutes, and sustained atrial fibrillation was any episode of > or = 1 minute. During all the episodes of stable atrial flutter, a line of functional block with a mean length of 24 +/- 4 mm was localized on the right atrial free wall. When the previously stable line of functional block decreased to a mean of 16 +/- 3 mm (P < .05), either spontaneously or after ATP administration (40 mg i.v.), the new line of functional block was not long enough to maintain stable atrial flutter, and conversion to atrial fibrillation resulted. This shortened line of functional block continued to change and migrate over the right atrial free wall throughout sustained atrial fibrillation. These observations were similar for both spontaneous and ATP-induced conversions. When sustained atrial fibrillation evolved to stable atrial flutter, there was reformation of a long line of functional block, long enough (> or = prior length) to create a stable reentrant circuit, which then captured the right atrial free wall and subsequently both atria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Polymorphisms in the promoter regions of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-12 genes as determinants of aneurysmal coronary artery disease
Authors: Nicolas Lamblin, Christophe Bauters, Xavier Hermant, Jean-Marc Lablanche, Nicole Helbecque, Philippe Amouyel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Maternal–Fetal Transmission of<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>In Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Emmanuel Mortier, Jacques Pouchot, Philippe Bossi, Vincent Molinié
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

To the Editor: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most common opportunistic infection in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.1,2 We report a case of maternal–fetal t...
Expression of the potent vasoconstrictor endothelin in the human central nervous system.
Authors: M E Lee, S M de la Monte, S C Ng, K D Bloch, T Quertermous
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictive peptide initially characterized as a product of endothelial cells. To examine the potential role of endothelin as a neuropeptide, we studied its distribution in the human central nervous system. RNA blot hybridization provided evidence of endothelin gene transcription in a variety of functional regions of the brain. In situ hybridization confirmed the widespread pattern of endothelin transcription and indicated that the highest density of cells containing endothelin mRNA is in the hypothalamus. This technique localized endothelin transcription to cells of the nervous system as well as the vascular endothelium. Immunocytochemical studies detected endothelin immunoreactivity in neurons, providing evidence of the synthesis of the peptide in this cell type and confirming that endothelin is a neuropeptide. Although the prominent expression of endothelin in the hypothalamus may indicate a central vasoregulatory role for the peptide, the widespread distribution of endothelin in neurons in other areas of the brain implies a more fundamental role in the regulation of nervous system function.
The testicular scan. Use in diagnosis and management of acute epididymitis
Authors: J. S. Vordermark
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We report experience with nuclear orchiograms in the management of 69 patients with epididymitis. The testicular orchiogram is highly sensitive in diagnosing acute epididymitis and the complications of epididymitis.  ( JAMA 1981;245:2512-2514)
Cephalothin and Cephaloridine Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: SHERWIN A. KABINS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 September 1975Cephalothin and Cephaloridine Therapy for Bacterial MeningitisSHERWIN A. KABINS, M.D.SHERWIN A. KABINS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-3-428_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their article "Cephalothin and Cephaloridine for Bacterial Meningitis: An Evaluation" (Ann Intern Med82:689-693, 1975), Fisher and colleagues review data compiled from the literature and make recommendations for therapy of staphylococcal meningitis in the penicillin allergic patient. In their comprehensive Table 1, which reviews all reported cases of bacterial meningitis treated with cephalothin or cephaloridine, they mistakenly attribute Cases 39 through 42 of pneumococcal meningitis, Case 104 ofKlebsiellameningitis, and Case 106 of streptococcal meningitis to an article written by me (1). My article provides data that refers to cephaloridine activity in cerebrospinal fluid and...References1. KABINSCOHEN SS: Cephaloridine therapy as related to renal function, in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy—1964, edited by SYLVESTER JC. Ann Arbor, Michigan, American Society for Microbiology, 1965, pp. 922-932 Google Scholar2. RIESELBACHDI CHIROFREIREICH RGE: Subarachnoid distribution of drugs after lumbar injection. N Engl J Med 267: 1273-1278, 1962 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GRIECO M: Cross-allergenicity of the penicillins and the cephalosporins. Arch Intern Med 119:141-146, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FORBES J: Purulent meningitis: principles and results of revised standardized treatment in 281 cases. Australas Ann Med 11:92-101, 1962 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. DACEYSANDE RM: Effect of probenecid on cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 6:437-441, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Infectious Diseases Michael Reese Medical Center 29th Street and Ellis Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60616 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1975Volume 83, Issue 3Page: 428-429KeywordsBacterial meningitisCerebrospinal fluidKlebsiellaMeningitisPenicillin Issue Published: 1 September 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
High Diversity in Functional Properties of Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) in Divergent Primate Species Is More Strongly Associated with Phylogeny than Coat Color
Authors: T. Haitina, A. Ringholm, J. Kelly, N. I. Mundy, H. B. Schioth
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

We have characterized the biochemical function of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), a critical regulator of melanin synthesis, from 9 phylogenetically diverse primate species with varying coat colors. There is substantial diversity in melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) binding affinity and basal levels of activity in the cloned MC1Rs. MSH binding was lost independently in lemur and New World monkey lineages, whereas high basal levels of MC1R activity occur in lemurs and some New World monkeys and Old World monkeys. Highest levels of basal activity were found in the MC1R of ruffed lemurs, which have the E94K mutation that leads to constitutive activation in other species. In 3 species (2 lemurs and the howler monkey), we report the novel finding that binding and inhibition of MC1R by agouti signaling protein (ASIP) can occur when MSH binding has been lost, thus enabling continuing regulation of the melanin type via ASIP expression. Together, these findings can explain the previous paradox of a predominantly pheomelanic coat in the red ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra). The presence of a functional, MSH-responsive MC1R in orangutan demonstrates that the mechanism of red hair generation in this ape is different from the prevalent mechanism in European human populations. Overall, we have found unexpected diversity in MC1R function among primates and show that the evolution of the regulatory control of MC1R activity occurs by independent variation of 3 distinct mechanisms: basal MC1R activity, MSH binding and activation, and ASIP binding and inhibition. This diversity of function is broadly associated with primate phylogeny and does not have a simple relation to coat color phenotype within primate clades.
Simple heuristics that make us dumb
Authors: Howard Margolis
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The simple heuristics that may indeed usually make us smart–or at least smart enough–in contexts of individual choice will sometimes make us dumb, especially in contexts of social choice. Here each individual choice (or vote) has little impact on the overall choice, although the overall choice is compounded out of the individual choices. I use an example (risk aversion) to illustrate the point.
Postnatal development of atrial repolarization in the mouse
Authors: V TREPANIERBOULAY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Objectives and methods: This study examines postnatal development of action potential duration (APD) and voltage-dependent K+ currents in mouse atrial myocytes and compares the expression levels of corresponding K+ channels between adult and neonatal mouse atrial tissues. APD and K+ currents were compared between atrial myocytes isolated from postnatal Day-1, Day-7, Day-20, and adult mice. Results: All K+ currents examined underwent significant up-regulation during postnatal life in mouse atrium, resulting in a dramatic shortening of the APD. The ultrarapid delayed rectifier (IKur) was absent in the developing mouse heart and only contributed to repolarization in the adult mouse atrium, whereas the density of the other K+ currents increased earlier during the developmental period. Indeed, the major changes in the expression of the inward rectifier current (IK1) occurred within the first week of life, the density of the Ca2+-independent transient outward K+ current (Ito) gradually increased while the development of the steady-state outward K+ current (Iss) was completed within the first 3 weeks of life. Results of RNase protection assay and Western blot analysis confirmed that the postnatal development of the mouse atrial K+ currents correlates with an increase in expression levels of underlying K+ channel isoforms. Conclusion: These findings indicate that in mouse atrium, each K+ current exhibits a specific postnatal development, suggesting that regulatory factors taking place during development are major determinants of the functional role of K+ channels in cardiac repolarization. The mouse atrium is, therefore, a very interesting model to gain information on the mechanisms regulating K+ channel activity.
Leukocyte adhesion factor Mac-1 and migration inhibitory factor-related protein (MRP) on granulocyte plays the essential role for causing vasculitis in kawasaki disease and the gamma globulin therapy inhibit leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion
Authors: Ryuji Fukazawa, Yohoko Uchikoba, Yukio Kuramochi, Ei Ikegami, Mitsuhiro Kamisago, Yasuhiro Katsube, Takashi Seki, Shunichi Ogawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
OP0200-HPR How many subjective measurement tools are needed in knee osteoarthritis assessment?:
Authors: L. Martin-Martin, C. Magro-Checa, C. Valenza, J.-C. Caracuel-Martinez, Y. Castellote-Caballero, M. Fajardo-Rodriguez, G. Valenza
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common arthritis worldwide. OA ischaracterized by erosion and loss of articular cartilage accompanied by hypertrophic changes in neighboring bone that result in pain, stiffness, and gradual deterioration of mobility<sup>1</sup>. Nowadays is the most common cause of physical disability among older patients. Therefore, different instruments have been developed to evaluate the impact of OA on functioning and quality of life of patients, among them EQ-5D and WOMAC<sup>2</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the association and correlation among common subjective measuring toolsfor knee osteoarthritis: EQ, WOMAC and VAS <h3>Methods</h3> 120 patients with radiologically confirmed knee osteoarthritis were evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) for functional status, and EQ-5D for Health related quality of life. That measures werecompared and the concordance (Kappa Index) among the three guides calculated <h3>Results</h3> An 80% of the sample were women, mean (SD) age 64,11 (10,361) and BMI 31,40 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (5,3). Radiographic severity mean (SD) was 2, 63 (0,685) and 75% had more affected joints besides knee. Mean (SD) standardized tools scores were: EVA 6,46 (2,3 SD); EQ-5D 0,58 (0,23); EQ-5D VAS 56,6 (16,9); WOMAC pain 8,97 (3,7); WOMAC stiffness 3 (2); WOMAC function 29,5 (12,8) and WOMAC global 41,5 (16,86). People who reported higher scores on EVA, did the same in pain, function and global areas of WOMAC and had worse scores in quality of life instrument (EQ-5D) likewise. EQ-5D and WOMAC had also a significant association <h3>Conclusions</h3> The high degree of association between WOMAC and EQ suggests that only one of them would be enough to get general health status data. EVA was mismatched respect to the others instruments nevertheless, so it could be useful variable to add information. We would need inquireif the different point in time which every tool takes in account to collect patient information influences these results <h3>References</h3> Sevick MA, Miller GD, Loeser RF, Williamson JD, Messier SP Xie F, Pullenayegum EM, Li SC, Hopkins R, Thumboo J, Lo NNValue Health <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Effect of acute atrial fibrillation on coronary circulation
Authors: Panos E. Vardas, George E. Kochiadakis, Emmanuel I. Skalidis, Nikos E. Igoumenidis, Michail D. Kaleboubas, Konstantinos E. Vardakis, Stavros I. Chrysostomakis, Michail I. Hamilos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Urticaria Pigmentosa as a Problem in Diagnosis
Authors: Pierre Brodeur, Lytt I. Gardner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE syndrome of urticaria pigmentosa is one of the rarities encountered in pediatric practice. Patients with this syndrome are frequently seen by several physicians before the diagnosis is made. The following report of 2 such cases emphasizes several aspects of the clinical picture that may lead to the diagnosis. A brief consideration of what is now known of the metabolic anomaly is also presented.Case ReportsCase 1. P.D., a 17-month-old boy, was referred to the Hôpital Sainte-Justine for investigation of a skin rash. He had been born at full term, with a birth weight of 2.8 kg. (6 1/4 . . .
Movement of the Mitral Ring: A Study in Ultrasoundcardiography
Authors: A. Zaky, L. Grabhorn, H. Feigenbaum
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1967)

An identifiable ultrasound “echo” can be received, it is believed, from the mitral ring. Ring movement may thus be recorded in the intact subject. The recording shows a ventricular dimension type of curve, characteristically different from the well-known mitral valve echo pattern. Recorded from the apical area in 25 normal subjects, the movement amounted to 1·6 ± 0·4 cm, and the curve contour was remarkably constant. Deviations from normal were seen in heart disease.
TREATMENT OF CICATRICIAL STRICTURES OF THE URETHRA WITH THE ELECTROLYTIC NEEDLE
Authors: S. B. Selhorst
Journal: BMJ (1906)

3. The urinie of thle anaestlhetic period was in all cases more concentrated tllan normal1, in this respect also resembling the influence of ethler.4. The clhlorides were increased.but to a less degree than with any of the previous aniaesthleties.The effect closely resembled that of ether.[Towards the expenses of tlle foregoing researel a granit of £10 was made by tlhe, Science Committee of the British Medical Association.,]