tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mortality from thyroid cancer in a district general hospital
Authors: James Nicholson, Jason Arora, Nick Greaves, Simon Ellenbogen
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)

s / International Journal of Surgery 11 (2013) 589e685 632 ABSTRACTS 0173: MORTALITY FROM THYROID CANCER IN A DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL James Nicholson , Jason Arora , Nick Greaves , Simon Ellenbogen . University Hospital South Manchester, Manchester, UK; 2 Tameside General Hospital, Glossop, UK. Aim: To establish the mortality in a DGH and compare it to the 2007 BTA guidelines. Thyroid cancer is highly curable with an incidence that is increasing. Long-term outcome of patients with DTC (differentiated thyroid cancer papillary & follicular) is favourable (10-year survival 80-90%). Low risk (TNM stage 1) patients have long-term survival of >98%. Methods: Retrospective case note review of a 6-year period (1/1/00-31/12/ 05) with 5-year follow-up of patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Results: 24 cases of thyroid cancer, mean age 53 (range 25-83), Female:Male 2:1 ratio (16:8). 79% (19/24) of cases were DTC, 63% (15) papillary and 17% (4) follicular. Incidence of DTC 1.6 per 100 000 in studied population. 5-year survival for follicular 50% (2/4) and papillary 100% (15/15), overall 5-year survival for DTC of 89% (17/19). 100% 5-year survival for DTC TNM Stage 1 & 2. Conclusions: Our study has shown a lower incidence of DTC than the 2001 Cancer Research UK data but a similar ratio of 2:1 female to male patients. Low risk patients in our population (TNM stage 1&2) have a 100% 5-year survival rate. Although these figures are in line with published data, 10year survival figures are needed to make full comparisons. 0960: DAY CASE THYROID SURGERY: ON OR OFF? Jana Torres-Grau, Justin Morgan, John Mason, Georgina Kirby. North Bristol
Progression of Airway Dysplasia and C-Reactive Protein in Smokers at High Risk of Lung Cancer
Authors: Don D. Sin, S. F. Paul Man, Annette McWilliams, Stephen Lam
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Rationale: Chronic inflammation has been implicated in the development of airway dysplasia and lung cancer. It is unclear whether circulating biomarkers of inflammation could be used to predict progression of airway dysplasia.Objective: We determined whether circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) or other inflammatory biomarkers could predict progression of bronchial dysplasia in smokers over 6 mo.Methods: The plasma levels of CRP, interleukins 6 and 8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 were measured at baseline in 65 ex- and current smokers who had at least one site of bronchial dysplasia > 1.2 mm in size. Additional bronchial biopsies were taken after 6 mo from the same sites where dysplastic lesions were discovered at baseline. Progressive dysplastic lesions were defined as worsening of the dysplastic lesion by at least two grades or development of new dysplastic lesions.Results: Half of the participants developed progressive dysplastic lesions after 6 mo. The baseline CRP levels in these participants were 64% higher than those without progressive disease (p = 0.027). Only one of eight (13%) participants with CRP ⩽ 0.5 mg/L developed progressive disease, whereas 31 of 57 (54%) participants with CRP > 0.5 mg/L developed progressive disease (p = 0.011). The odds of developing progressive disease were 9.6-fold higher in the latter than in the former group.Conclusion: Plasma CRP, in concert with lung function and pack-years of smoking, appears to have excellent predictive powers in identifying participants with bronchial dyplastic lesions whose lesions progress to more advanced stages of dysplasia.
Eradicating Helicobacter pylori and symptoms of non-ulcer dyspepsia.
Authors: S Patchett, S Beattie, E Leen, C Keane, C O'Morain
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on symptoms of non-ulcer dyspepsia. DESIGN--Four week prospective study. SETTING--One hospital outpatient and endoscopy department. PATIENTS--90 adults with persistent symptoms typical of non-ulcer dyspepsia but no clinical or endoscopic evidence of other peptic, biliary, pancreatic, or malignant disease; all had histological and microbiological evidence of infection with H pylori. 83 patients completed the treatment regimen. INTERVENTION--Colloidal bismuth subcitrate 120 mg four times a day for four weeks (27 patients); metronidazole 400 mg and amoxycillin 500 mg each three times a day for one week (27); and bismuth subcitrate 120 mg four times a day for four weeks, metronidazole 400 mg three times a day for one week, plus amoxycillin 500 mg three times a day for the first week (29). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Change in symptom scores determined with questionnaire; histological evidence of gastritis and microbiological evidence of presence of H pylori in biopsy specimens. RESULTS--Overall, H pylori was eradicated in 41 (49%) patients. Although gastritis scores improved significantly in only patients in whom H pylori had been eradicated (from 1.56 to 0.61, p less than 0.01 v from 1.83 to 1.07, p = 0.52) mean symptom scores after treatment were similar in patients in whom H pylori had or had not been eradicated (3.0 v 2.3, NS). Similarly the mean symptom score improved whether or not gastritis improved (2.8 v 3.1 respectively, p = 0.72). The observations were similar for treatment groups analysed individually. CONCLUSION--Antral infection with the organism does not seem to have an important aetiological role in non-ulcer dyspepsia short term.
1075-162 Detection of coronary artery aneurysms, stenoses and occlusions by means of multislice spiral computed tomography in adolescents and young adults with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Hiroshi Kanamaru, Yuichi Sato, Fumio Inoue, Takako Imazeki, Naoya Matsumoto, Masahiko Kato, Takashi Miyamoto, Kensuke Karasawa, Mamoru Ayusawa, Naokata Sumitomo, Kensuke Harada, Katsuo Kanmatsuse
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Hypothyroidism after Thyroidectomy for Graves's Disease: A Search for an Explanation
Authors: M. Van Welsum, T. E. W. Feltkamp, M. J. De Vries, R. Doctor, J. Van Zijl, G. Hennemann
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Out of 38 patients who had undergone subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves9s disease seven to 20 years previously 15 developed hypothyroidism. In these 15 patients autoantibodies against thyroid cytoplasm were significantly more frequent than in the 23 euthyroid patients, though there was no difference in the prevalence of autoantibodies against thyroglobulin. Histological examination of the thyroid tissue removed at operation showed that significantly more plasma cells and lymphoid follicles with germinal centres were present in patients who subsequently developed hypothyroidism than in those who remained euthyroid. No differences in the amount of lymphocytic infiltration were seen in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. The results suggest that B lymphocytes play a part in the development of postoperative hypothyroidism in Graves9s disease. It is proposed that Graves9s disease and Hashimoto9s disease are different aspects of the same basic autoimmune process.
Pachydermatous eosinophilic dermatitis
Authors: W. K. JACYK, I. W. SIMSON, D. N. SLATER, K. M. LEIFERMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

We report three South African black teenage girls with extensive pruritic papular lesions arising on a pachydermatous base, resembling severe atopic dermatitis or onchodermatitis. All three had peculiar hypertrophic genital lesions and peripheral blood eosinophilia. Histological studies showed an eosinophil-rich lymphohistiocytic infiltrate and variable fibrosis. Extensive fibrillar extracellular deposition of eosinophil granule major basic protein was demonstrated by an indirect immunofluorescence technique. A beneficial therapeutic effect was obtained using dapsone, prednisolone and cetirizine. The term pachydermatous eosinophilic dermatitis is proposed and its position among other conditions characterized by peripheral blood and skin tissue eosinophilia, is discussed.
Treatment of colonic pseudoobstruction syndrome after jejunoileal bypass
Authors: C. E. Wills
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  In the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section (238:2646, 1977), treatment of colonic pseudoobstruction syndrome after jejunoileal bypass was discussed, and the follow-up demonstrated a successful end.  I think that this was a good report, but one important method of management was omitted: the intestinal bypass could be taken down and a gastric bypass performed.  The importance of this is realized even more when consideration is given to the fact that this is also applicable to many other undesirable side effects of the jejunoileostomy including diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, proctitis, renal calculi, liver damage, arthritis, arthralgias, and febrile attacks. 1   From 1963 to 1978 my series of jejunoileostomy has been 765 cases. Since Alden 2 reported optimistic results with gastric bypass, I have taken down jejunoileostomies in seven cases and carried out gastric bypasses with relief of postjejunoileostomy symptoms.
A cosmetic ‘anti-ageing’ product improves photoaged skin: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: R.E.B. Watson, S. Ogden, L.F. Cotterell, J.J. Bowden, J.Y. Bastrilles, S.P. Long, C.E.M. Griffiths
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article A cosmetic 'anti‐ageing' product improves photoaged skin: a double‐blind, randomized controlled trial Get access R.E.B. Watson, R.E.B. Watson Dermatological Sciences Research Group, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K. Correspondence: R.E.B. Watson. E‐mail: rachel.watson@manchester.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Ogden, S. Ogden Dermatological Sciences Research Group, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.F. Cotterell, L.F. Cotterell Dermatological Sciences Research Group, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.J. Bowden, J.J. Bowden Dermatological Sciences Research Group, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.Y. Bastrilles, J.Y. Bastrilles Dermatological Sciences Research Group, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.P. Long, S.P. Long Alliance Boots Ltd, Nottingham NG2 3AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.E.M. Griffiths C.E.M. Griffiths Dermatological Sciences Research Group, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 2, 1 August 2009, Pages 419–426, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09216.x Published: 01 August 2009
The Pan-American Medical Congress.
Authors: Milo B. Ward
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Topeka, Kan., June 27, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Only yesterday my attention was called to the very invective letter under caption of the "Second Pan-American Congress," written by David Cerna, M.D., Ph.D., and published in theJournalMay 30. I have been a reader of theJournalfor a number of years, but by some coincidence I failed to notice this.strange correspondence and was in blissful ignorance of all that had been written about me and my paper. One would suppose that I was guilty of some awful crime committed over two years since from reading this unkindly letter. The editor of the<i>Kansas Medical Journal</i>, published in this city, had requested me to write an editorial regarding the Pan-American Medical Congress, and when I handed the copy to the editor he kindly referred to the Cerna letter and asked if I had seen it. Had it not been for
Intraoperative transgastric ERCP after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Authors: F. Nakao, C. Mendes, T. Szego, A. Ferrari
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is among the favorite surgical approaches to treating morbidly obese patients, but leads to an increased incidence of choledocolithiasis. Per-oral endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) represents a major challenge in this situation [1] [2]. ERCP through a surgically placed gastrostomy has been proposed as an alternative route for endoscopic access [3] [4] [5]. We report a case of endoscopically treated choledocolithiasis via a transgastric approach during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a RYGB patient.
US hospital charges vary wildly, Medicare data show
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A hospital in California charges Medicare $223 373.07 (£145 000; €172 000) for a major joint replacement, while a hospital in Oklahoma charges $5303.60 for the same procedure, US government data show.1

The data cover the average charges to Medicare in 2011 from more than 3000 US hospitals for the 100 most common inpatient treatments and procedures, such as joint replacement surgery, gallbladder removal, and treatments for heart attacks and heart failure.

The database shows wide disparities in hospital charges not only from region to region but even between hospitals a few miles apart.

The charge for the …
Changes in Quality of Care for Five Diseases Measured by Implicit Review, 1981 to 1986
Authors: Lisa V. Rubenstein
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We measured quality of care before and after implementation of the prospective payment system. We developed a structured implicit review form and applied it to a sample of 1366 Medicare patients with congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, cerebrovascular accident, or hip fracture who were hospitalized in 1981-1982 or 1985-1986. Very poor quality of care was associated with increased death rates 30 days after admission (17% with very good care died vs 30% with very poor care). The quality of medical care improved between 1981-1982 and 1985-1986 (from 25% receiving poor or very poor care to 12%), although more patients were judged to have been discharged too soon and in unstable condition (7% vs 4%). Except for discharge planning processes, the quality of hospital care has continued to improve for Medicare patients despite, or because of, the introduction of the prospective payment system with its accompanying professional review organization review.
Giving intravenous drugs. Students should be trained and tested.
Authors: J Dacre, B Jolly, S Griffith, G Noble
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Responses of principals in general practice and trainees to question asking when they would refer childreni with uninary tract infections Girls Boys < 5 years ¢ 5 years < 5 years ¢ 5 years Principals (n=26): First infection 14 12 26 23 Second infection 11 12 3 Subsequent infections 1 2 Trainees (n= 6): First infection 4 3 5 5 Second infection 2 1 1 1 Subsequent infections 2replied (table).In the practice I audited five of 606 boys aged under 16 had had a urinary tract infection.Four of the five had been referred for investigation, all after the first documented episode, and four had had a repeat urine specimen sent for culture after treatment.More of the girls (12/58 1) had had a urinary tract infection, but only five had been referred for investigation, after a median of four episodes (range three to five); only two had had a urine specimen sent for culture after treatment.The eight other children had not been referred for investigation.
Renal Disease: Classification and Atlas of Glomerular Diseases
Authors: Sheila Moriber Katz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This is a textbook of graphic, artistic precision and meaty, informative content. It has two major strengths that distinguish it from the deluge of similar books presently available: first, it applies international standardized nomenclature in the form of a concise and well written text; second, it provides a splendid array of color photomicrographs. The monograph is composed of two sections. The first portion, "Classification of Glomerular Diseases," lists and defines glomerular lesions in tabular form, followed by tables of the main clinical and morphological features of each disease. The second segment, "Definitions, Descriptions and Illustrations of Glomerular Diseases," consists of 21 chapters that describe and illustrate these alterations. Topics run the gamut from the normal glomerulus to the end-stage kidney and include some alterations that are important but often omitted, for example, glomerular lesions after transplantation. A brief appendix details pertinent histological techniques and orients one to the examination of
Access to disease modifying treatments for rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: D E FURST, F C BREEDVELD, G-R BURMESTER, L CROFFORD, P EMERY, M FELDMAN, J R KALDEN, A KAVANAUGH, E KEYSTONE, P E LIPSKY, R N MAINI, L MORELAND, J S SMOLEN, L VAN DE PUTTE, T VISCHER, M WEINBLATT, M WEISSMAN
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

Consensus statementAccess to disease modifying treatments for rheumatoid arthritis patients Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a severe disease that leads to joint destruction, loss of quality of life, work disability and premature mortality, as well as significant costs to the patient and to the health care system.Although eVective therapeutic regimens are currently available, many patients fail to respond to these treatments, fail to sustain an initial response, or suVer from significant toxicity necessitating withdrawal of treatment.Moreover, remission is rare and curative treatment unknown.It is clear, therefore, that new treatments are needed.Patients and doctors wish the best possible treatment to be prescribed for RA.The highest responsibility of doctors is that towards their patients.However, in an environment of increasing costs for medical care, doctors must also be cognisant of issues related to the costs of newly available treatments.In this context, it is helpful to establish a consensus of worldwide experts for the rational and successful use of such new therapeutic agents, even though such a consensus is provisional and will change as new data become available.The newly developed disease modifying anti-rheumatic treatments seem to be a significant advance in the therapeutic armamentarium for RA.The presently available evidence shows that these agents lead to a significant reduction in the signs and symptoms of RA, a decrease in acute phase proteins and an increase in health related quality of life.As with all newly developed compounds, the long term eYcacy and long term side eVects of these new agents are as yet unknown.A method for a systematic collection and analysis of long term data on all such agents and controls is strongly recommended.The use of these new agents should be under the supervision of physicians who are experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of RA, including the use of immunomodulatory agents.In addition, they should be experienced in the clinical assessment of RA treatment, including eYcacy and long term observation for potential toxicities related to these drugs.
Risk-adapted donor lymphocyte infusion based on chimerism and donor source in pediatric leukemia
Authors: P Rujkijyanont, C Morris, G Kang, K Gan, C Hartford, B Triplett, M Dallas, A Srinivasan, D Shook, A Pillai, C-H Pui, W Leung
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2013)

Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is commonly used to treat leukemia relapse following stem cell transplantation. In florid relapse, however, the efficacy of DLI is limited with substantial risk of severe graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Here, we develop a novel risk-adapted strategy characterized by pre-emptive DLI initiated at the time of mixed chimerism, a small starting dose based on donor source, dose-escalation guided by real-time chimerism monitoring and withholding of DLI immediately in patients achieving full donor chimerism. A total of 178 DLIs were given to 38 patients with mixed chimerism; thereafter, 33 patients (86.8%) had donor chimerism successfully increased, including 30 (78.9%) who had chimerism fully converted back to 100% donor. Cumulative incidence of relapse was significantly lower (P=0.00004) and overall survival higher (P=0.0003) in patients with chimerism fully corrected as compared with those of patients whose chimerism remained mixed. Only 13.2% of the patients developed acute grade III-IV GvHD with no associated mortality. In conclusion, the risk-adapted DLI strategy is useful in minimizing the risk of childhood leukemia relapse, GvHD and death.
Oxidized LDL activates blood platelets through CD36/NOX2–mediated inhibition of the cGMP/protein kinase G signaling cascade
Authors: Simbarashe Magwenzi, Casey Woodward, Katie S. Wraith, Ahmed Aburima, Zaher Raslan, Huw Jones, Catriona McNeil, Stephen Wheatcroft, Nadira Yuldasheva, Maria Febbriao, Mark Kearney, Khalid M. Naseem
Journal: Blood (2015)
Urinary-Tract Stones Resulting from the Excretion of Oxypurinol
Authors: Albert R. Landgrebe, William L. Nyhan, Mary Coleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

COMPOUNDS that inhibit the enzyme, xanthine oxidase, are useful in the treatment of disorders of purine metabolism. They are of particular value in disorders resulting from the overproduction of uric acid. Xanthine oxidase is inhibited by both allopurinol (4-hydroxypyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine), an analogue of hypoxanthine, and oxypurinol (4,6-dihydroxypyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine), which is an analogue of xanthine. Xanthine oxidase catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine to uric acid. It also catalyzes the conversion of allopurinol to oxypurinol. A major percentage of administered allopurinol is rapidly oxidized to oxypurinol.1 After the administration of a xanthine oxidase inhibitor such as allopurinol or . . .
As Cancer Claims Her
Authors: Cynthia Lelos
Journal: JAMA (1992)

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