tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diabetes, Depression, and Death: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Depression Treatment Program for Older Adults Based in Primary Care (PROSPECT)
Authors: Brett D. Thombs, Roy C. Ziegelstein
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

Recently, in Diabetes Care , Bogner et al. (1) reported results from the Prevention of Suicide in Primary Care Elderly: Collaborative Trial (PROSPECT) study that examined a care-management intervention for older primary care patients with depression. The authors reported that, compared with usual care, the intervention reduced 5-year all-cause mortality among diabetic patients with major or minor depression but not among depressed patients without diabetes. Although not mentioned by Bogner et al., an article by Gallo et al. in the Annals of Internal Medicine (2) that included all the authors of the Bogner et al. study reported that this same care-management …
Sir Thomas Browne's birthday
Authors: B A Ross
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

Professor Breathnach has made an elegant start to the Browne quatercentenary celebrations. Readers may be interested to know that a celebration is to be held in Norwich on 19–20 October this year. The programme includes: an academic symposium (in which Sir Keith Thomas, Dr Trevor Hughes, Professor Harold Cook and the Rev Reginald Askew, will be speakers); a concert of 17th century and other relevant music with selected readings of Browne's writings in Norwich Cathedral (given by the Keswick Hall Choir conducted by Mr John Aplin); an exhibition of Browne memorabilia in the County Archive Centre; and a service of thanksgiving in St Peter Mancroft Church (Browne's place of worship and of his interment); a conducted educational tour of Browne's Norwich; and a formal luncheon. Further details can be obtained from our website [http://www.uea.ac.uk/his/events/browne.shtml].
Registration of Foreign Physicians
Authors: C. E. McReynolds
Journal: JAMA (1910)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> Dr. Hoenes in his letter on this subject (The Journal, Aug. 6, 1910, p. 520) certainly makes an exceedingly important, though neglected, point. During the development of North Dakota, Canadian physicians rushed in, and now very largely occupy the land. What is true of North Dakota is probably true of other northern states. But when one of us wants to get into some virgin territory in Canada, he is blocked at the very start. This matter should be taken up by our legislatures. I hope that you will use your influence and call attention to it often.
Computer technology suggests new mode of anesthesia delivery
Authors: K. Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
British Aid to Medical Schools in Developing Countries
Authors: D. Hubble
Journal: BMJ (1972)

If the British allocation for overseas aid is increased more generous agreements could be made with host universities and with expatriate staff. It would greatly stimulate overseas service by specialist trainees if the professional colleges and the universities agreed that they would be willing to substitute in their training programmes a year or two of service in an overseas medical school for one or more of their orthodox appointments. Consideration might be given by the councils for postgraduate education to ways of facilitating service overseas by specialist trainees and young consultants. The suggestion of the Royal Commission for the expansion of departmental staff establishments and training pools requires that the temporary expatriate occupying a supernumerary post is absorbed into the establishment on his return. While this may be done now in individual cases by personal arrangement a national agreement between universities and the N.H.S. would be necessary for these secondments to be made on the large scale commensurate to the need. For other returning young doctors not yet in specialist training schemes an assurance that applications for appointments by those who had worked in developing countries would receive favourable weighting, by both university and N.H.S. selection committees, would be very helpful.
Professionalism in Graduate Medical Education—Reply
Authors: Vineet Arora, Jeanne M. Farnan, Holly J. Humphrey
Journal: JAMA (2013)

We agree with Dr Desai and colleagues that more rigorous investigation into the effect of duty hours and how to optimize resident health, education, and patient safety in graduate medical education is needed. Because such research will require time and funding to complete, waiting for results of this work will not help current residents who continue to face conflicting messages and ethical dilemmas, such as leaving the hospital or lying about their hours.
Increased mortality among Dutch development workers
Authors: E. J Schouten, M. W Borgdorff
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Early this century Africa was known as the “white man's grave.” Little is known about health risks of expatriates in developing countries today. We compared the mortality of development workers who were sent out by Dutch development organisations with that of the general population in the Netherlands, adjusted for age and sex.

Records of three large Dutch development organisations were reviewed. From 1984 to 1994 over 6500 development workers and spouses spent a total of 15144 years abroad. About 75% of them lived in sub-Saharan Africa. Causes of death were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases: mortality caused by traffic accidents (ICD 800-848), other injuries (ICD 880-959 and 980-989), homicide (ICD 960-969), and all other causes (ICD 001-799, 849-879, and 930-959).1 Age and sex specific mortality rates in the Dutch population were used to calculate the “expected” number of deaths in the study …
Percutaneous Alcohol Injection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Andrea Salmi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 March 1989Percutaneous Alcohol Injection of Hepatocellular CarcinomaAndrea Salmi, MDAndrea Salmi, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-6-494 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:As Di Bisceglie and colleagues ( 1 ) stressed in their article on hepatocellular carcinoma, the widespread use of high-resolution ultrasound in combination with alpha-fetoprotein measurements makes it possible to detect tumors as small as 1 to 2 cm in diameter (2) through careful follow-up of patients with cirrhosis. Surgical treatment is often not advisable because of the relative frequency of advanced cirrhosis (1). Therefore, because we lack an efficient therapy, the efforts spent in diagnosing small tumors may be useless. For this reason, several new treatments for the disease have been proposed. The results of recent...References1. Di Bisceglie A, Rustgi V, Hoofnagle J, Dusheiko G, and Lotze M. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:390-401. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Shew J, Sung J, and Chen D. Growth rate of asymptomatic hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical implications. Gastroenterology. 1985;89:259-66. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Ohoto M, Sugiura N, and Ebara M. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by alcohol injection into tumor and irradiation of tumor. Jpn J Cancer Chemother. 1986;18:1625-34. Google Scholar4. Livraghi T, Festi D, and Salmi A. US guided percutaneous alcohol injection of small hepatic and abdominal tumors. Radiology. 1986;161:309-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Solbiati L, Colagrande A, and DePra L. Percutaneous ethanol injection of parathyroid tumors under US guidance: treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Radiology. 1985;155:607-10. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Andrea Salmi, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRandomized clinical trial of the effect of interferon α on survival in patients with disseminated midgut carcinoid tumoursMedical Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Any Progress?Non-surgical treatment of hepatocarcinoma 15 March 1989Volume 110, Issue 6Page: 494-494KeywordsAlcoholsCirrhosisHepatocellular carcinomaUltrasound imaging ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 March 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Sunlight and the onset of skin cancer
Authors: Douglas E. Brash
Journal: Trends in Genetics (1997)

The photons of sunlight precipitate a series of genetic events in skin leading to cancer. These events involve somatic mutations as well as inherited alleles. Competition between cell populations ensues, as a single mutated cell expands into a clone. Thus cancer involves both a single-cell problem and a many-cell problem; in skin cancer, sunlight appears to drive both.
Providing Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Dramatic declines in the incidence of AIDS and the number of deaths from this disease began in the United States in 1996, in association with the widespread use of potent combinations of antiretroviral drugs. Subsequently, the rates of decline have slowed and begun to level. As of June 2000, more than 300,000 people were estimated to be living with AIDS. Each year, there are about 40,000 new infections with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 16,000 deaths from AIDS. About one third of the 800,000 to 900,000 Americans estimated to be living with HIV or AIDS do not know they . . .
THE FUTURE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE.
Authors: H. A. MOODY
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Among the many subjects claiming the attention of this Association, none can be more important to the welfare of humanity than that of preventive medicine. The term implies an organized effort by the medical profession to protect mankind from attacks of those recognized causes of disease and death that can be avoided or destroyed. To avoid or destroy the cause is not only to escape the disease, but also to prevent the generation of countless germs fraught with danger. The list of pathogenic organisms whose appearance, characteristics and behavior are sufficiently known to enable us to avoid or destroy them, contains the names of the germs whose invasion of the human system results in the diseases most widespread and fatal, the scourges to which five deaths out of every ten may be traced. Think of the results in one decade were the death rate diminished
DNA vaccines and apoptosis: to kill or not to kill?
Authors: Wolfgang W. Leitner, Nicholas P. Restifo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

The apoptotic machinery has become the latest target of vaccinologists attempting to improve the efficacy of DNA vaccines. While workers have previously sought to induce apoptotic death in transfected DCs as a means to activate immunity, a new approach (see related article on pages 109–117) instead seeks to delay apoptosis in host DCs after DNA vaccination.
Turning a blind eye: Authors have blinkered view of blinding
Authors: Stephen J Senn
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Fergusson et al consider a trial to be double blind when the patient, investigators, andoutcome assessors are unaware of the patient's assigned treatment throughout the conduct of the trial.1 They are quite wrong to do so.

The whole point of a successful double blind trial is that there should be unblinding through efficacy. That is to say that there should be …
Chlamydophila psittaci-negative ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas express self polyreactive B-cell receptors
Authors: D Zhu, S Bhatt, X Lu, F Guo, H Veelken, D K Hsu, F-T Liu, S Alvarez Cubela, K Kunkalla, F Vega, J R Chapman-Fredricks, I S Lossos
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Andrew (“Andy”) David Barr
Authors: Patrick Kearns, Anne Mclellan, Andrew Marshall
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Pioneer of powered prosthetic limbs and fetal heart monitorsDavid Simpson, who was disabled by a war wound, retrained from accountancy to physics to devise solutions for medical problems.In the 1950s, when orthopaedic engineering was in its infancy, he pioneered the design and manufacture of controllable artificial limbs.He designed monitoring
Circulating autoantibodies to oxidized cardiolipin correlate with isoprostane F2α-VI levels and the extent of atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice: modulation by vitamin E
Authors: Domenico Praticò, Rajendra K. Tangirala, Sohvi Hörkkö, Joseph L. Witztum, Wulf Palinski, Garret A. FitzGerald
Journal: Blood (2001)
Problems in the Quantitation of Dietary Surveys
Authors: M. E. Groover, L. Boone, P. C. Houk, S. Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Because there are indications that eating habits may be an important factor in atherosclerosis, numerous surveys have been conducted in which quantitative estimates of the composition and caloric contents of diets were made. This study tested the accuracy of dietary survey methods by comparing calculated estimates of total calories and calories from fat with the actual number of calories, as measured by the bomb calorimeter. A remarkable inaccuracy in dietary calculations existed in all five types of sample collections made for the study but was greater in field samples than in hospital samples. Errors that can distort the dietary calculations include inaccuracy in the food-composition tables, in the data gathered from subjects in the field, or in the food samples provided, and errors in estimating weights or selecting tables. It is important, therefore, to check the data from dietary surveys with actual calorimetric determinations if quantitative statements are to be made on the correlation of dietary habits with disease.
Moulds and asthma: time for indoor climate change?
Authors: A. Woodcock
Journal: Thorax (2007)

Effect of controlling mould in houses on respiratory health

The spectre of indoor moulds as a contributor to respiratory disease keeps raising its fruiting body and just won’t go away. Numerous studies support a circumstantial and temporal link between high mould exposure and worse symptoms in susceptible individuals. However, it seems that the majority of respiratory physicians (at least in Europe) are at best non-believers. They are reluctant to consider moulds as important in patients with respiratory symptoms, rarely make specific enquiry, and almost never make attempts to reduce mould exposure. This contrasts with enthusiasm bordering on evangelism from some experts in the USA where huge litigation raises the stakes, with over 10 000 cases pending and multi-million settlements already routine.1 In the past we have been hindered by profound ignorance of the biology of these important environmental contaminants. What do we know about indoor moulds, and how are they implicated in respiratory diseases, and specifically asthma? Should we be trying to reduce mould exposure for specific patients or the whole population and, if so, how?

Evidence for outdoor mould exposure and exacerbations of asthma is strong. For example, Alternaria is the dominant allergen in the mid west USA with strong temporal relationships between exposure and asthma severity. There are huge airborne spore counts (1000 times grass pollen counts) on peak days, associated with immediate worsening in sensitised subjects2–5 and increased asthma deaths.6

However, assessing indoor mould exposure and relating exposure to worse respiratory disease is a much more complex issue. A range of mould species is undoubtedly associated with serious respiratory disease including infection (sinus and pulmonary) and allergy (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis). In addition, there is strong evidence for a link between severe asthma and indoor mould sensitisation.7 But it has been unclear …
Knockdown of DISC1 by In Utero Gene Transfer Disturbs Postnatal Dopaminergic Maturation in the Frontal Cortex and Leads to Adult Behavioral Deficits
Authors: Minae Niwa, Atsushi Kamiya, Rina Murai, Ken-ichiro Kubo, Aaron J. Gruber, Kenji Tomita, Lingling Lu, Shuta Tomisato, Hanna Jaaro-Peled, Saurav Seshadri, Hideki Hiyama, Beverly Huang, Kazuhisa Kohda, Yukihiro Noda, Patricio O'Donnell, Kazunori Nakajima, Akira Sawa, Toshitaka Nabeshima
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Comparison of gene expression profiles in erythroid‐like cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cells differentiated in simple and co‐culture systems
Authors: Mandana B. Boroujeni, Mojdeh Salehnia, Mojtaba R. Valojerdi, Seyed J. Mowla, Mehdi Forouzandeh, Ebrahim Hajizadeh
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract The feeder layer and the presence of specific growth factors are thought to induce the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in culture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on the differentiation of ESCs into erythroid colonies in simple and co‐culture systems. Embryoid bodies were dissociated and replated in semisolid medium in simple culture or in a co‐culture system with bone‐marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), both in the presence or absence of EPO. Colony assays, benzidine staining, and ultrastructural studies were carried out until day 10 of culture. Expression of the ε globin, βH1 globin, runt‐related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), βmajor globin, and erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) genes was evaluated using semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR. A comparison with the corresponding controls showed that colony size increased in both systems ( P ≤≤ 0.05). The number of benzidine‐positive colonies in the co‐culture system with EPO (86.6 ± 17.86) was significantly different compared to the simple culture system with EPO (43.6 ± 4.77; P ≤≤ 0.05). The hemoglobin content of the differentiated cells was visualized in micrographs. Analysis of gene expression showed that all genes except βmajor globin were expressed in the simple culture system, whereas in the co‐culture system all genes were expressed. These results confirmed that the presence of EPO in a BMSC co‐culture system with ESCs improves the differentiation of ESCs to erythroid colonies. Moreover, evidence of primitive and definitive erythropoiesis was observed in this co‐culture system. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of a fixed combination beta 2-agonist and steroid dry powder inhaler in asthma.
Authors: P J Barnes, B J O'Connor
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

In many countries the majority of patients with asthma are now treated with inhaled beta 2-agonists as required and regular inhaled steroids. Compliance with asthma medication is poor, particularly for inhaled steroids, which do not give immediate relief of symptoms. An inhaler combining a beta 2-agonist and a steroid may improve compliance and give better control of asthma. We have studied the effect of a fixed combination dry powder inhaler (Turbuhaler) containing terbutaline (250 micrograms) with budesonide (200 micrograms) compared with each drug given alone in a double-blind, crossover study in 74 patients with mild to moderate asthma. This was a multicenter study performed in general practice. After a 1-wk run-in period with placebo inhaler, each treatment was given twice daily for 4 wk in randomized order. Patients measured symptom scores and rescue inhaled beta 2-agonist use and recorded peak expiratory flow (PEF) twice daily. In nine patients recruited to a hospital center, airway responsiveness was measured by the concentration of methacholine required to produce a fall in FEV1 of 20% (PC20) at the end of each treatment period. Of 74 patients randomized, 68 completed all three treatment periods. Their mean age was 37 (18-60) yr and PEF 80 (43-116) % predicted. Combination treatment gave a significant improvement in morning and evening PEF budesonide or terbutaline treatment periods (p < 0.01), and a significant reduction in asthma symptom scores and rescue beta 2-agonist use (p < 0.05). There was a significant patient preference for the combination inhaler.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Bacterial Meningitis Complicated by Spinal Arachnoiditis: Diagnostic Contribution of Tc-99m-lnulin Myeloscintigraphy
Authors: ERIC DELCOURT, OMER JEGHERS, ANDR?? M. ERMANS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

Six cases of bacterial meningitis with myeloscintigraphic evidence of medullary arachnoiditis are reported. Four patients had tuberculous meningitis, another showed severe myelopathy, and the last was suspected to have hydrocephalus. Arachnoiditis is suspected when the earliest images show a sharp decrease of tracer concentration. Scintigraphy began 2 hours after lumbar injection of Tc-99m-Polyfructosan and imaging was performed at intervals of 2, 4, and 6 hours. This method has proved easy, innocuous, reproducible, and, owing to the small amount of irradiation, studies may be repeated during and after therapy. Scintigraphy is superior to the Queckenstedt test because it detects partial blocks and localizes lesions.
Association between Residences in U.S. Northern Latitudes and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Spatial Analysis of the Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Verónica M. Vieira, Jaime E. Hart, Thomas F. Webster, Janice Weinberg, Robin Puett, Francine Laden, Karen H. Costenbader, Elizabeth W. Karlson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains largely unknown, although epidemiologic studies suggest genetic and environmental factors may play a role. Geographic variation in incident RA has been observed at the regional level.
Serendipitous Detection of Urothelial Carcinoma With F-18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: Vinod V. Narla, Barry M. McCook, Ashok Muthukrishnan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

FDG PET/CT is widely accepted in diagnosing and staging various malignancies. However, the usefulness of PET in detecting urothelial tumors has been disputed because of high physiologic FDG excretion into the urinary bladder. Various techniques like bladder irrigation and furosemide administration have been employed to improve the diagnostic yield of PET. We report a patient who underwent PET/CT for staging or non-small cell lung cancer. Initial review of PET images in the pelvis was unremarkable, whereas the CT images revealed an exophytic lesion in the urinary bladder. Re-examination of the PET images under a low intensity window setting revealed intense FDG uptake in the lesion. Careful review of PET in different window settings in conjunction with CT images, especially in regions of high physiologic FDG distribution could facilitate detection of possible lesions.