tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NK Cell Genotype and Phenotype at Diagnosis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Correlate with Postinduction Residual Disease
Authors: Erin M. Sullivan, Sima Jeha, Guolian Kang, Cheng Cheng, Barbara Rooney, Martha Holladay, Rafijul Bari, Sarah Schell, MaCal Tuggle, Ching-Hon Pui, Wing Leung
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Not all natural killer (NK) cells are equally cytotoxic against leukemia because of differences in receptor gene content and surface expression. We correlated NK cell genotype and phenotype at diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with minimal residual disease (MRD) after induction chemotherapy.The NK cells and leukemia blasts of 244 patients were analyzed at diagnosis by killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) typing and immunophenotyping. The results were correlated statistically with postinduction MRD status.The odds of being MRD positive in patients with KIR telomeric (Tel)-A/B genotype were 2.85 times the odds in those with Tel-A/A genotype (P = 0.035). MRD-positive patients were more likely to have KIR2DL5A (P = 0.006) and expressed less activating receptor NKp46 and FASL on their NK cells (P = 0.0074 and P = 0.029, respectively). The odds of being MRD positive increased by 2.01-fold for every percentage increase in NK cells expressing KIR2DL1 in the presence of HLA-C2 ligand (P = 0.034). The quantity of granzyme B inhibitor PI-9 in the leukemia blasts was greater in patients who were MRD positive (P = 0.038). Collectively, five NK cell-related factors (Tel-B-associated KIR2DL5A, NKp46, FASL, granzyme B, and PI-9) are strongly associated with MRD positivity at the end of induction with 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity.Our data support the hypothesis that NK cells with a strong effector phenotype in the setting of decreased leukemia resistance are associated with better leukemia control.
How Do Viral and Host Factors Modulate the Sexual Transmission of HIV? Can Transmission Be Blocked?
Authors: Kalpana Gupta, Per Johan Klasse
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

In 2004 about 3 million people died of AIDS. Because sexual intercourse accounts for the vast majority of HIV transmissions worldwide it is important to understand the events that occur in the genital or rectal mucosa during transmission. Here we dissect a number of factors in the transmitter and recipient that are relevant before during and after transmission. We weigh the evidence suggesting that the transmitted virus differs from the virus that predominates in the transmitter. We discuss the prospect for protection by innate and adaptive immune mechanisms at mucosal surfaces as well as by locally applied inhibitors of viral replication microbicides. A better understanding of sexual transmission will enable more rational designs of vaccines and microbicides and potential combinations of the two.   (excerpt)
Quality of Care in Critical Access Hospitals—Reply
Authors: Karen E. Joynt, Yael Harris, Ashish K. Jha
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In vivo persistence of expanded clones specific for bacterial antigens within the human T cell receptor alpha/beta CD4-8- subset.
Authors: P Dellabona, G Casorati, B Friedli, L Angman, F Sallusto, A Tunnacliffe, E Roosneek, A Lanzavecchia
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

We analyzed the T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangements of 100 TCR-alpha/beta CD4-CD8- (double negative [DN]) T cell clones from normal individuals. We found that in four out of six donors this subset contains expanded clones that often account for 0.5% and, in one individual, even 7% of all peripheral blood lymphocytes. By combining limiting dilution analysis and N region oligotyping of polymerase chain reaction amplified TCR cDNA, we could measure the clonal size and show that two of these expanded clones remain stable in size for up to 4 yr in peripheral blood. The expanded clones analyzed ex vivo are not cycling and CD45 RAhi ROlo, but express high levels of alpha 4/beta 1 integrins, suggesting that they may have reverted to resting cells after activation. One of these expanded DN clones proliferates in vitro in response to Escherichia coli presented by monocytes cultured in GM-CSF plus IL-4 and kills CD1a+ Molt-4 cells. In contrast to what was found in the alpha/beta DN subset, alpha/beta CD4+ T cell clones specific for a tetanus toxin epitope showed a very small clonal size (&amp;lt; 1 in 10(7)) and could not be reisolated after 2 yr. Taken together, these results indicate that large clonal size and persistence are distinctive features of alpha/beta DN cells specific for bacterial antigens. These cells may use antigen-presenting cells, restriction molecules, and selection routes different from those used by antigen-specific CD4+ T cells.
TCT-274 A Randomized Prospective Study of Same Day Discharge after Coronary Artery Stenting and Facilitated Femoral Hemostasis with a Closure Device
Authors: Leonardo C. Clavijo, Guillermo A. Cortes, Aaron Jolly, Brittany Wagman, David Shavelle, Anilkumar Mehra, Michael A. Gaglia, Ray Matthews
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hyponatraemia in children.
Authors: M. Wright, P. de Silva, S. Sinha
Journal: BMJ (1992)

in in vitro fertilisation, but appreciable side effects are unlikely to be so rare.For instance, ovarian hyperstimulation is a known risk despite published advice that it should be preventable.'Adequate information about possible morbidity in assisted conception is not made readily available to potential patients, nor are the hazards apparently sufficiently acknowledged by those who deliver the treatments.Of course, the increasing success of fertility treatments is to be welcomed, but childless couples, in their desperate longing for babies, are only too ready to overlook the possible drawbacks.Fertility specialists therefore have a duty to present comprehensive information about not only the prospects of success but also the risks of assisted conception.
A Practice of Cardiac Pacing
Authors: Seymour Furman, David L. Hayes, David R. Holmes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Basic Considerations: Indications for permanent pacing Basic concepts Sensing and timing the cardiac electrogram Comprehension of pacemaker timing cycles Hemodynamics of cardiac pacing Pacemaker codes Clinical Considerations: Temporary cardiac pacing Permanent pacemaker implantation Pacemaker electrocardiography Pacemaker radiography Rate modulated pacing Automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator Pacing for tachycardia Pacemaker complications Practical Management: Pacemaker follow-up Telemetry Programmability Practical considerations Troubleshooting
Tenascin-C is an essential factor for neointimal hyperplasia after aortotomy in mice
Authors: K YAMAMOTO, K ONODA, Y SAWADA, K FUJINAGA, K IMANAKAYOSHIDA, H SHIMPO, T YOSHIDA, I YADA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Objective: Neointimal hyperplasia at the arterial anastomotic site is a critical problem during cardiovascular surgery. It has been suggested that tenascin-C (TN-C), an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein, might play an important role in neointimal hyperplasia. In this study, the direct contribution of tenascin-C to neointimal hyperplasia after aortotomy was examined using tenascin-C-deficient (TNKO) mice.
Goal-oriented therapy in pulmonary veno-occlusive disease: a word of caution
Authors: D. Montani, X. Jaïs, P. Dorfmuller, G. Simonneau, O. Sitbon, M. Humbert
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

To the Editors :

The evidence for using pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) therapies such as prostacyclin derivatives, endothelin receptor antagonists and type-5 phosphodiesterase inhibitors in pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is modest and conflicting 1, 2. Indeed, despite several reports of clinical deterioration and life-threatening pulmonary oedema in PVOD patients receiving PAH therapies, we have recently shown in the European Respiratory Journal that cautious use of continuous intravenous epoprostenol alone or in combination with endothelin receptor antagonists may be useful as a bridge therapy to lung transplantation 2.

The term “goal-oriented therapy” describes a relatively novel therapeutic approach in the field of PAH, which focuses on the question of when a response to therapy can be considered sufficient and when it cannot 3. This question is of fundamental importance in guiding therapeutic decisions: that is, when to maintain a therapy, when to switch from one medication to another and when to combine several medications. As an inadequate response to first-line PAH medical treatments is frequently observed in PVOD patients 1, it is likely that a significant proportion of patients showing insufficient response to first-line PAH therapy could be candidates for sequential add-on combination therapy and that such a strategy might increase the risk of developing pulmonary oedema. This eventuality may be more likely in scleroderma patients, who are prone to present with significant pulmonary venous involvement 4. We report a case of …
Laboratory-Acquired Gonococcal Conjunctivitis
Authors: Scott C. Bruins
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Gonococcal conjunctivitis occurred 13 days after accidental conjunctival inoculation with a clinical isolate and was cured with penicillin and erythromycin for topical therapy. The use of a syringe with a self-locking needle device is recommended when injecting live pathogens and could have prevented this infection. In some instances, gonococcal conjunctivitis may remain asymptomatic longer than is generally recognized. Proper management of accidental conjunctival inoculation with gonococci should include antibiotic therapy for systemic effect. The efficacy of drug therapies other than penicillin is unknown and requires further study. (<i>JAMA</i>241:274, 1979)
Prognostic significance of diabetes in patients with cirrhosis*1
Authors: G BIANCHI
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism are frequently observed in cirrhosis, and approximately 15% to 30% of patients have overt diabetes. In a retrospective and prospective study in cirrhosis, we analyzed the prognostic significance of diabetes, which was defined as the presence of hyperglycemia and overt glycosuria that in most cases required dietary restrictions or active treatment. The clinical records of all patients with cirrhosis admitted to our department for the period 1980 to 1985 were reviewed in 1985 and 1986, and surviving patients were prospectively followed up until December 1991. Final status could be obtained in 354 (98 with diabetes) of 382 eligible patients; 110 were alive at the end of follow-up. Prognostic factors were identified by Kaplan-Meier analysis, followed by Cox's stepwise regression. The model identified, in sequence, albumin, ascites, age, encephalopathy, bilirubin, diabetes, and platelets as prognostic factors. The larger mortality rate in patients with diabetes was not due to complications of diabetes but to an increased risk of hepatocellular failure. Diabetes was no longer a risk factor as a covariate in a subgroup of 271 patients when varices were added but was again significant when patients who died of gastrointestinal bleeding were excluded. The presence of diabetes, clinically detectable and often requiring adequate treatment, is a risk factor for long-term survival in cirrhosis.
ASXL1 Mutations Promote Myeloid Transformation through Loss of PRC2-Mediated Gene Repression
Authors: Omar Abdel-Wahab, Mazhar Adli, Lindsay M. LaFave, Jie Gao, Todd Hricik, Alan H. Shih, Suveg Pandey, Jay P. Patel, Young Rock Chung, Richard Koche, Fabiana Perna, Xinyang Zhao, Jordan E. Taylor, Christopher Y. Park, Martin Carroll, Ari Melnick, Stephen D. Nimer, Jacob D. Jaffe, Iannis Aifantis, Bradley E. Bernstein, Ross L. Levine
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
3,3′-Diiodothyronine Production, a Major Pathway of Peripheral Iodothyronine Metabolism in Man
Authors: Laurence A. Gavin, Margaret E. Hammond, James N. Castle, Ralph R. Cavalieri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

A B S T R A C T 3,3'-Diiodothyronine (3,3'-T2) has been detected in human serum and in thyroglobulin.How- ever, no quantitative assessment of its clearance rate (CR), production rate (PR), or of the importance of ex- trathyroidal sources of 3,3'-T2 relative to direct thyroidal secretion is yet available.This study examines these parameters in seven euthyroid subjects, and in eight athyreotic subjects (H) eumetabolic due to thyroxine therapy (HT4) (n = 5) or triiodothyronine re- placement (HT3) (n = 3).A highly specific radioim- munoassay for the measurement of 3,3'-T2 in whole serum was developed.Serum 3,3'-T2 concentrations were (mean +SD) 6.0+ 1.0 ng/100 ml in 13 normal subjects, 9.0±4.6 ng/100 ml in 25 hyperthyroid patients, and 2.7± 1.1 ng/100 ml in 17 hypothyroid patients.The values in each of the latter two groups were significantly different from normal.3,3'-T2 was detected regu- larly in normal concentrations in 11 hypothyroid patients eumetabolic by treatment with synthetic T4, in 10 eumetabolic patients suffering from nonthyroidal systemic illness, and in 2 subjects with elevated serum T4-binding globulin.The 3,3'-T2 CR was assessed from data acquired from the 1251-3,3'-T2 constant infusion technique.The 3,3'-T2 PR was calculated from CR and serum concentration of 3,3'-T2 determined by radio- immunoassay.In the HT4 subjects the 3,3'-T2 CR averaged 840+377 liters/day and 3,3'-T2 PR 33.9± 12.5 ,ug/day.These results were not significantly different from those in the control group: 3,3'-T2 CR 628+218 liters/day and 3,3'-T2 PR 39.8±19.8jig/day (all cor- rected to 70 kg body wt).In addition to 3,3'-T2 PR, T3, and reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) PR were determined in three of the HT4 subjects.In each case studied, the 3,3'-T2 PR was close to the combined tri-This work was presented in part before the American Fed-
Liver Disease in Crohn's Colitis
Authors: M. N. EADE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Twenty-one consecutive patients undergoing colectomy for Crohn's disease of total colon were studied, with particular emphasis on hepatic abnormality at colectomy and at 3- to 7-year follow-up. After colectomy there was a high incidence of recurrent Crohn's disease involving small bowel, regardless of initial small-bowel involvement. There were abnormalities of liver histology in 90% of the 20 operative biopsies, with 75% showing more than minor change. Cirrhosis, amyloidosis, and multiple hepatic granulomata were also noted. Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase was of value in detecting significant hepatic abnormality. Other tests were not as useful, being either too insensitive (such as serum bilirubin and serum transaminases) or too nonspecific (serum protein abnormalities and sulfobromophthalein retention). Blood transfusions, potentially hepatotoxic drugs, and previous hepatitis appeared unrelated to observed hepatic abnormalities. The frequency and type of hepatic abnormality encountered in Crohn's colitis was similar to that previously reported in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease predominantly affecting the small intestine.
Questions About DNR Orders
Authors: William Ventres, Mark Nichter
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> — In his editorial responding to the AMA "Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Do-Not-Resuscitate [DNR] Orders,"<sup>1</sup>Lo<sup>2</sup>suggests a plan for discussing DNR orders with hospitalized patients and notes that DNR decisions should be made openly. We concur with Lo's suggestions, but recommend that a further step be explicitly addressed to enhance the quality of these discussions and the decisionmaking process. Physicians should investigate and acknowledge the meanings that patients and families hold both about resuscitative attempts and a good death. Just as physicians bring to discussions about DNR orders perceptions that are drawn from individual experience and information derived from medical literature, patients also maintain images of resuscitation derived from both life experience and the media. Failure to recognize these images, expectations of health providers, and cultural dimensions of death make discussions of attempted resuscitation difficult.<sup>3</sup>While physicians are talking about the mechanistic
Adhesion formation after peritoneoscopy with liver biopsy in a survival porcine model: comparison of laparotomy, laparoscopy, and transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES)
Authors: E. Dubcenco, L. Assumpcao, X. Dray, K. Gabrielson, D. Ruben, L. Pipitone, G. Donatelli, D. Krishnamurty, J. Baker, M. Marohn, A. Kalloo
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de E. Dubcenco et al., pp. 971Endoscopy 2009; 41(11): 1009-1009DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306757
Apathetic Thyroid Storm Associated With Anasarca and Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Robert M. Schermer
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is usually apparent after a careful history and physical examination; however, on occasion the diagnosis may be elusive and difficult to make. We describe a patient experiencing thyroid storm with anasarca, high-output heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stupor, hypoalbuminemia, and thrombocytopenia.  Report of a Case.—  A 52-year-old man had a four-month history of progressive weight loss, anasarca, and weakness. Four days before admission the patient experienced fever, progressive dyspnea, and a depressed level of consciousness, slipping into stupor at the time of admission. He was in atrial fibrillation at a rate of 180 beats per minute and was pyrexial and tachypneic. Severe anasarca and muscle wasting were present. Edema extended to his neck, and the thyroid gland was not palpable. His cardiac output was 12.6 L/min. Supportive care was instituted together with antibiotic therapy for a right lower lobe pneumonia.  On the fourth day
METABOLIC STUDIES IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER OF THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT. I. PLASMA VITAMIN A LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE, PARTICULARLY OF THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT 1
Authors: Jules C. Abels, Alice T. Gorham, George T. Pack, C. P. Rhoads
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1941)
Pathophysiological role of secretory type I and II phospholipase A2 in acute pancreatitis: an experimental study in rats.
Authors: W Uhl, H J Schrag, N Schmitter, T J Nevalainen, J Aufenanger, A M Wheatley, M W Buchler
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND: In human acute pancreatitis two different types of secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2) have been found. AIM: To analyse the specific pattern of distribution of these PLA2 activities and their pathophysiological role in experimental acute pancreatitis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Catalytic activities of secretory type I (pancreatic) and type II (non-pancreatic) PLA2 and the protein concentration of immunoreactive pancreatic PLA2 (IR-PLA2) in serum and pancreatic tissue of rats with cerulein (mild form) and sodium taurocholate (severe form) induced acute pancreatitis were determined. RESULTS: Cerulein infusion caused a significant increase in type I PLA2 activity (p &lt; 0.01) and IR-PLA2 protein concentration (p &lt; 0.01) in serum and pancreas, whereas type II PLA2 activity remained unchanged during the 12 hour observation period. Histology showed no significant tissue destruction. In sodium taurocholate induced acute pancreatitis type II PLA2 activity significantly increased, reaching values over 10-fold higher than controls (p &lt; 0.01), whereas IR-PLA2 protein concentration and type I PLA2 activity were only marginally increased. In this severe model of acute pancreatitis significantly lower values were detected than in the control pancreas (p &lt; 0.002) for PLA2 activity and IR-PLA2 protein concentration. Histology showed parenchymal and fat necroses with haemorrhage, oedema, and inflammatory cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: Type I PLA2 activity is dependent on the IR-PLA2 protein concentration in serum and pancreatic tissue. The type II PLA2 activity is not stimulated by cerulein, which indicates an extra-acinar origin of this enzyme. Type II PLA2 activity is significantly increased in sodium taurocholate induced acute pancreatitis indicating its role in the local necrotising process and involvement in the systemic effects in severe acute pancreatitis.
Quantitative measurements of joint mobility in adolescents.
Authors: J C Fairbank, P B Pynsent, H Phillips
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

Six measurements of joint mobility were made in a group of 446 normal adolescents. A method of measuring hip and knee rotation is presented. All these data are normally distributed, and would suggest that joint hypermobility lies at the end of the normal spectrum. There was a weak but significant correlation between each of the different measures of joint mobility except elbow hyperextention. Criteria for joint laxity are discussed in this age group, and the importance of quantitative techniques of measuring joint mobility are emphasised.
Genes for a range of growth factors and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors are expressed by isolated human hair follicles
Authors: S. MITSUI, A. OHUCHI, M. HOTTA, R. TSUBOI, H. OGAWA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The mRNA expressions of various growth regulatory molecules in single human anagen hair follicles were analysed by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. Approximately 370 hair follicles were isolated from 20 normal individuals, and 0.90 +/- 0.34 microgram (mean +/- SD) total RNA was extracted per whole hair follicle. The mRNAs of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1, FGF-2, FGF-5, FGF-7, transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha, TGF-beta 1, hepatocyte growth factor, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, tumour suppressor gene p53 and high sulphur protein were detected in most or all of the examined hair follicles per target gene. In contrast, none of the mRNAs of FGF-3, FGF-4, FGF-6, FGF-9 and IGF-II was detected, and those of TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 were detected in only a limited number of the examined hair follicles. Among cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, the mRNAs of p21waf1/cip1 and p27kip1 were expressed in almost all the hair follicles, while those of p15INK4B and p16INK4A were not detected. These results suggest that both positive and negative factors for the proliferation and differentiation of follicular epithelial cells coexist in a human anagen hair follicle.
The effects of combined renal vasodilatation and pressor agents on renal hemodynamics and the tubular reabsorption of sodium.
Authors: L E Earley, R M Friedler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1966)

Combination of renal vasodilation and angiotensin infusion effect large changes in renal hemodynamics, excretion and reabsorption of sodium in anesthetized hydropenic dogs