tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is Lymph Node Metastasis a Common Feature of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor?
Authors: Gong Nan Jie, Wong Chun Sing, Chu Yiu Ching, None Tiffany
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Purpose: We investigated the incidence of lymph node metastasis in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients in our PET/CT database. The demographic data and characteristics of the primary tumor were evaluated in GIST patients with or without lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods: We reviewed our PET/CT database from January 1, 2007 to November 30, 2010 by using keyword search, and identified GIST with lymph node metastasis according to our standard of reference. Statistical analysis was conducted between GIST group with or without lymph node metastasis based on the age, sex, primary tumor size, and primary tumor location. Results: A total of 29 GIST patients were found in our database. Six of them had lymph node metastasis, corresponding to 20.7%. When considering only the adult patients, the incidence was 17% (5 out of 28). There were 4 males and 1 female, with the mean age of 66.8 years old, which was 8 years older than the group without lymph node metastasis. Of the 5 adult metastasis patients, 4 had their primary tumor located at very rare sites other than stomach or small bowel. Statistical analysis using Fisher exact test of rare location showed significance between the 2 groups with P = 0.004. The mean size of the primary tumor in the group with lymph node metastasis was 5.2 cm, which was 2.9 cm less than the group without metastasis. No statistical significance was found in age, sex, or size of primary tumor between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The incidence of lymph node metastasis in GISTs in our database is 20.7%, which is surprisingly higher than we thought from other previous studies. In contrast to the group without lymph node metastasis, these patients tend to be of older ages and had rare location of the primary tumor. This result supports further study with larger sample size.
TRAUMATIC FAT NECROSIS
Authors: WILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Innumerable minor injuries to the subcutaneous tissue occur without any noticeable or permanent damage. Occasionally a small, hard, painless mass appears, to persist for some time. It is only in recent years that attention has been paid to this condition, beginning with a study of instances of it in the breast. In 1920, Lee and Adair<sup>1</sup>reported two cases of fat necrosis in the female mammary gland for which condition radical mastectomy was performed in the belief that carcinoma was present. Since their preliminary report they have added seven more cases, and in February, 1923, Farr<sup>2</sup>reported seven cases occurring elsewhere in the body, but of similar etiology and pathology. Two cases of fat necrosis are being presented here, one of the breast and one of the inguinal region, the latter because so definitely due to trauma, and the breast case because of the importance, as emphasized by
Prognostic Value of the Index of Microcirculatory Resistance Measured After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: William F. Fearon, Adrian F. Low, Andy S. Yong, Ross McGeoch, Colin Berry, Maulik G. Shah, Michael Y. Ho, Hyun-Sook Kim, Joshua P. Loh, Keith G. Oldroyd
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Most methods for assessing microvascular function are not readily available in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The aim of this study is to determine whether the Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR), measured at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention, is predictive of death and rehospitalization for heart failure. Methods and Results— IMR was measured immediately after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in 253 patients from 3 institutions with the use of a pressure–temperature sensor wire. The primary end point was the rate of death or rehospitalization for heart failure. The prognostic value of IMR was compared with coronary flow reserve, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade, and clinical variables. The mean IMR was 40.3±32.5. Patients with an IMR &gt;40 had a higher rate of the primary end point at 1 year than patients with an IMR ≤40 (17.1% versus 6.6%; P =0.027). During a median follow-up period of 2.8 years, 13.8% experienced the primary end point and 4.3% died. An IMR &gt;40 was associated with an increased risk of death or rehospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; P =0.034) and of death alone (HR, 3.95; P =0.028). On multivariable analysis, independent predictors of death or rehospitalization for heart failure included IMR &gt;40 (HR, 2.2; P =0.026), fractional flow reserve ≤0.8 (HR, 3.24; P =0.008), and diabetes mellitus (HR, 4.4; P &lt;0.001). An IMR &gt;40 was the only independent predictor of death alone (HR, 4.3; P =0.02). Conclusions— An elevated IMR at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention predicts poor long-term outcomes.
Low Oxygen Tension and Synthetic Nanogratings Improve the Uniformity and Stemness of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Layer
Authors: Feng Zhao, Jan J Veldhuis, Yajun Duan, Yong Yang, Nicolas Christoforou, Teng Ma, Kam W Leong
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

A free-standing, robust cell sheet comprising aligned human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) offers many interesting opportunities for tissue reconstruction. As a first step toward this goal, a confluent, uniform hMSC layer with a high degree of alignment and stemness maintenance needs to be created. Hypothesizing that topographical cue and a physiologically relevant low-oxygen condition could promote the formation of such an hMSC layer, we studied the culture of hMSCs on synthetic nanogratings (350 nm width and 700 nm pitch) and either under 2 or 20% O(2). Culturing hMSCs on the nanogratings highly aligned the cells, but it tended to create patchy layers and accentuate the hMSC differentiation. The 2% O(2) improved the alignment and uniformity of hMSCs, and reduced their differentiation. Over a 14-day culture period, hMSCs in 2% O(2) showed uniform connexon distribution, secreted abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and displayed a high progenicity. After 21-day culture on nanogratings, hMSCs exposed to 2% O(2) maintained a higher viability and differentiation capacity. This study established that a 2% O(2) culture condition could restrict the differentiation of hMSCs cultured on nanopatterns, thereby setting the foundation to fabricate a uniformly aligned hMSC sheet for different regenerative medicine applications.
Serotonin Changes in Platelets and Brain Induced by Small Daily Doses of Reserpine
Authors: B. J. Haverback, T. F. Dutcher, P. A. Shore, E. G. Tomich, L. L. Terry, B. B. Brodie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE role of the vasoconstrictor material in platelets has long been of interest to a number of investigators. As early as 1912 the concept was advanced that the vasoconstrictor released from platelets when blood coagulates might participate in the mechanism of hemostasis by its direct constriction of vascular smooth muscle surrounding the clot.1 The isolation of the vasoconstrictor substance from serum by Rapport, Green and Page2 and its identification as 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) has reopened interest in the function of the platelet material and has stimulated recent attempts to determine whether this substance fulfills the requirements of a hemostatic agent. Correll . . .
Disclosure Policies for Gifts From Industry to Academic Faculty
Authors: Lisa A. Bero
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cost-effectiveness of treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: surgical excision vs. imiquimod 5% cream
Authors: F. Vanaclocha, E. Daudén, X. Badía, C. Guillén, J.S. Conejo-Mir, M. Sainz de los Terreros, L. Hamel, M.A. Llorens
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Conflicts of interest: M.S. de los T, L.H. and M.A.Ll. are employed by 3M, the manufacturer of Aldara® (imiquimod). Sir, Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy in white people, with an incidence increasing worldwide by 10% a year.1 Surgery is often the first‐line treatment and the modality with the lowest failure rate.2 Less invasive, nonsurgical therapies are welcomed as they may offer treatment without the use of destructive modalities. Imiquimod is an immune response modifier that acts through toll‐like receptor 7 to induce cytokine production and a subsequent innate and adaptive cell‐mediated immune response.3, 4 Clinical and histological clearance of superficial BCC (sBCC) with imiquimod 5% cream has been reported.5, 6 We compared direct costs of treatment of sBCC by means of surgical excision or topical imiquimod within the Spanish public healthcare system. The cost per patient cured with imiquimod 5% cream applied five times a week for 6 weeks vs. excisional surgery in patients with a single sBCC smaller than 2 cm was estimated using a decision analysis model. The model assumed that patients not cured with first‐line treatment were re‐treated with excisional surgery until 100% tumour clearance was achieved, so that additional costs or savings per cured patient were also evaluated. Although initial diagnosis of sBCC was established in dermatology services, excisional surgery could be performed in either dermatology or nondermatology services (e.g. plastic surgery, general surgery, otorhinolaryngology). The time frame was 1 year. Inputs in the model for excisional surgery were obtained from a retrospective review of the patients' medical records. No real data from clinical practice for imiquimod were available in the literature because the study was conducted before approval of imiquimod for the indication of sBCC by the European Medicines Agency. Thus, four expert dermatologists validated the resources associated with topical imiquimod treatment, consistently choosing the worst scenario in terms of number of sachets per treatment, outpatient visits, biopsies, etc.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF DIPHTHERIA WITH ANTITOXIN.
Authors: A. CAMPBELL WHITE
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The medical profession in America has now had an experience of about one year with the antitoxin treatment of diphtheria. It is true that during the first six months the source of our supply of antitoxin was from abroad, and that this supply was necessarily limited, but during the past five or six months the supply has been about equal to the demand, and not many cases of diphtheria, particularly in the larger cities, need have suffered because of an inability to obtain serum of proper quality and strength. The desire, or ambition, on the part of the medical profession to give this remedy a trial has certainly not been lacking; for I believe I am safe in saying that nothing in the domain of medicine has so attracted the universal attention of the profession and the public the world over, as this treatment of diphtheria with antitoxin. Our National
Agranulocytosis Associated with Tofranil
Authors: HERBERT L. GOODMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

Case Reports1 August 1961Agranulocytosis Associated with TofranilHERBERT L. GOODMAN, M.D.HERBERT L. GOODMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-55-2-321 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe multiplicity of toxic side effects from many of the newer synthetic drugs can hardly be enumerated, and these will undoubtedly continue to increase as more potent preparations are marketed. This is not to imply that their danger is so grave as to preclude their use, since in most cases the incidence of serious complications is low and can largely be avoided by careful observation of the patient. The reports of individual cases of new reactions, therefore, have great merit in bringing to light serious toxic reactions which are not generally recognized. These most often occur in oversensitive patients after...References1. ROTHENBERGHALL PAC: Agranulocytosis following use of imipramine hydrochloride (Tofranil). Amer. J. Psychiat. 116: 847, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MORGAN-HUGHESHEALD JAIN: Agranulocytosis associated with imipramine. Lancet 1: 552, 1960. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HERBERT L. GOODMAN, M.D.Affiliations: East Orange, New JerseyReceived for publication June 1, 1960.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Herbert L. Goodman, M.D., East Orange General Hospital, 300 Central Ave., East Orange, N. J. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byReliability of data on haematotoxicity of antidepressants A retrospective assessment of haematological monitoring in clinical studies on tricyclicsAgranulocytosis associated with dothiepinImmunhämatologische Beobachtungen bei medikamentösallergischer AgranulozytoseZur Methodik der Untersuchung antidepressiv wirksamer Medikamente unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Imipramin (Tofranil) und Desmethylimipramin (Pertofran) 1 August 1961Volume 55, Issue 2 Page: 321-323 Keywords Drug synthesis Dyspnea Hypotension Pneumonia Tachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Preliminary Experience Using an Ultrasonic Aspirator for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: T. Yamakawa, N. Kano, S. Sakai, Y. Ishikawa
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

An ultrasonic aspirator (Olympus) specially designed for laparoscopic surgery, which also includes cautery and suction-irrigation systems, was evaluated in 40 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The generating power of each system is controlled by hand or foot switches, and most operating procedures could easily be performed through a 10 mm trocar inserted through the abdominal wall. The ultrasonic aspirator successfully fragmented and aspirated soft tissue, allowing a precise differentiation between the cystic duct and artery, small vessels, lymphatics and fibrous tissue. Removal of the gallbladder could be performed successfully using the cautery and ultrasonic aspirator, whereby parts of cauterization or division could easily be identified. Identification of the cystic duct and artery, course of the cystic duct and Hartmann's pouch in the same field of vision was possible which is important for avoiding major complications such as injury of the common bile duct. No complications were seen during or after surgery in any of the patients.
Cancer Screening Behaviors and Attitudes of Women in Southeastern Minnesota
Authors: Thomas E. Kottke, Mary Alice Trapp, Maria M. Fores, Ann W. Kelly, Sin-ho Jung, Paul J. Novotny, Laurel A. Panser
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To determine the rates at which women received screening Papanicolaou tests, clinical breast examinations, and mammography and to determine the extent to which these women might be expected to respond to screening recommendations from their physicians.Random-digit-dial telephone interviews conducted in January 1993.Fifteen counties in southeastern Minnesota.A sample of 1019 women who completed the telephone interview.Self-reported Papanicolaou test, clinical breast examination, and mammography screening rates, with verification from medical records for a randomly selected subsample of 200 respondents who reported having had a test within 1 year of the interview.For women aged 18 years and older, 60% (95% confidence interval, +/- 3.4%) reported having had a Papanicolaou test within the preceding year. For women 40 years of age and older, 57% (95% confidence interval, +/- 3.5%) reported having had a clinical breast examination in the past year, and 46% (95% confidence interval, +/- 3.6%) reported having had a screening mammogram within 1 year. The verified 1-year Papanicolaou test and mammogram rates were 35% and 33%, respectively. More than 90% of the respondents expressed a willingness to have these tests if their physicians were to advise them that the tests were indicated. However, 53% and 54% of the respondents, respectively, said that they either did not care or did not want their physicians to remind them when they were due for a Papanicolaou test or a mammogram.Although self-reported screening rates in this population meet Healthy People 2000 goals, verified rates were significantly below target levels. A substantial proportion of women in this population remain ambivalent about participating in cancer detection programs.
Prevention of Complications of Respiratory Illnesses in Pediatric Practice
Authors: Edward H. Townsend, John F. Radebaugh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE many successes in the use of antibiotics to overcome specific infections and to prevent the recurrence of rheumatic fever or an outbreak of meningococcal infection within a closed population are well established. Such success has led to the widespread free use of antibiotics in almost every febrile respiratory illness — to the point of frequent overuse and misuse.Several recent studies cast doubt on the ability of antimicrobial agents administered in anticipation of a bacterial complication to prevent such an occurrence.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 One of us, E.H.T.,10 in a controlled study of pediatric patients by the random-selection method, demonstrated that the . . .
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase/CD95L-dependent Suppression of Pulmonary and Bone Marrow Eosinophilia by Diethylcarbamazine
Authors: Tulio Queto, Pedro Xavier-Elsas, Marcelo Aranha Gardel, Bianca de Luca, Mônica Barradas, Daniela Masid, Patricia Machado R. e Silva, Christina A. Peixoto, Zilton Meira F. Vasconcelos, Eliane P. Dias, Maria Ignez Gaspar-Elsas
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

The mechanism of action of diethylcarbamazine (DEC), an antifilarial drug effective against tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, remains controversial. DEC effects on microfilariae depend on inducible NO synthase (iNOS). In eosinophilic pulmonary inflammation, its therapeutic mechanism has not been established. We previously described the rapid up-regulation of bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice by airway allergen challenge, and further evidenced the down-regulation of eosinophilopoiesis by iNOS- and CD95L-dependent mechanisms.We investigated whether: (1) DEC can prevent the effects of airway challenge of sensitized mice on lungs and bone marrow, and (2) its effectiveness depends on iNOS/CD95L.OVA-sensitized BALB/c mice were intranasally challenged for 3 consecutive days, with DEC administered over a 12-, 3-, or 2-day period, ending at the day of the last challenge. We evaluated: (1) airway resistance, cytokine (IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-5, and eotaxin) production, and pulmonary eosinophil accumulation; and (2) bone marrow eosinophil numbers in vivo and eosinophil differentiation ex vivo.DEC effectively prevented the effects of subsequent challenges on: (1) airway resistance, Th1/Th2 cytokine production, and pulmonary eosinophil accumulation; and (2) eosinophilopoiesis in vivo and ex vivo. Recovery from unprotected challenges included full responses to DEC during renewed challenges. DEC directly suppressed IL-5-dependent eosinophilopoiesis in naive bone marrow. DEC was ineffective in CD95L-deficient gld mice and in mice lacking iNOS activity because of gene targeting or pharmacological blockade.DEC has a strong impact on pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation in allergic mice, as well as on the underlying hemopoietic response, suppressing the eosinophil lineage by an iNOS/CD95L-dependent mechanism.
Urokinase receptor is a multifunctional protein: influence of receptor occupancy on macrophage gene expression.
Authors: N K Rao, G P Shi, H A Chapman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Binding of urokinase to the glycolipid-anchored urokinase receptor (uPAR) has been implicated in macrophage differentiation. However, no biochemical markers of differentiation have yet been directly linked to uPAR occupancy. As extensive changes in proteolytic profile characterize monocytic differentiation, we have examined the role of uPAR occupancy on protease expression by differentiating phagocytes. Antibodies to either urokinase or to uPAR that prevent receptor binding inhibited induction of cathepsin B in cultured monocytes and both cathepsin B and 92-kD gelatinase mRNA and protein in phorbol diester-stimulated myeloid cells. Mannosamine, an inhibitor of glycolipid anchor assembly, also blocked protease expression. Anti-catalytic urokinase antibodies, excess inactive urokinase, or aprotinin had no effect, indicating that receptor occupancy per se regulated protease expression. Antibodies to the integrins CD11a and CD29 or to the glycolipid-anchored proteins CD14 and CD55 also had no effect. Protease induction was independent of matrix attachment. Antibodies to urokinase or uPAR affected neither the decrease in cathepsin G nor the increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha in phorbol ester-stimulated cells. These data establish that uPAR is a multifunctional receptor, not only promoting pericellular proteolysis and matrix attachment, but also effecting cysteine- and metallo-protease expression during macrophage differentiation.
Clinical measurement of dimensions of basal cell carcinoma: effect of waiting for elective surgery
Authors: M.E. Kirkup, D.A.R. De Berker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Fifty well-defined basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) on the face, outside the central T, were studied to establish change in size between initial assessment and surgery. The major and minor diameters were measured at presentation and when the patients attended for elective excision 21-155 days later (mean 70). The median change in major diameter was an increase of 0.5 mm (range - 3 to + 4, P < 0.05). The median change in area was 4.71 mm2 (range - 54 to + 64, P < 0.05). Although there is a statistically significant increase in major diameter and area, it was small in clinical terms. The major axis increased by > 1 mm in 8% of cases. In no case was treatment or completeness of excision compromised by waiting. A mean delay of 10 weeks between review and surgery does not appear to compromise the outcome of treatment of BCC in patients with well-defined BCCs of the face outside the central T.