tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Androgen Excess in Cystic Acne
Authors: Samuel P. Marynick, Zaven H. Chakmakjian, David L. McCaffree, James H. Herndon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We measured hormone levels in 59 women and 32 men with longstanding cystic acne resistant to conventional therapy. Affected women had higher serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone and lower levels of sex-hormone-binding globulin than controls. Affected men had higher levels of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and 17-hydroxyprogesterone and lower levels of sex-hormone-binding globulin than controls. To lower dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dexamethasone was given to men, and dexamethasone or an oral contraceptive pill, Demulen (or both), was given to women. Of the patients treated for six months, 97 per cent of the women and 81 per cent of the men had resolution or marked improvement in their acne. The dose of dexamethasone required to reduce dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels was low, rarely exceeding the equivalent of 20 mg of hydrocortisone per day. We conclude that most patients with therapeutically resistant cystic acne have androgen excess and that lowering elevated dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate results in improvement or remission of acne in most instances.
Redesigning Employee Health Incentives — Lessons from Behavioral Economics
Authors: Kevin G. Volpp, David A. Asch, Robert Galvin, George Loewenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Redesigning Employee Health IncentivesStarting in 2014, employers will be able to use a portion of employees' health insurance premiums to provide outcome-based wellness incentives to try to cut health care costs. But evidence that such programs work is scant. Lessons from behavioral economics might help.
Delayed Calf Muscle Phosphocreatine Recovery After Exercise Identifies Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: David C. Isbell, Stuart S. Berr, Alicia Y. Toledano, Frederick H. Epstein, Craig H. Meyer, Walter J. Rogers, Nancy L. Harthun, Klaus D. Hagspiel, Arthur Weltman, Christopher M. Kramer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Caspr2, a New Member of the Neurexin Superfamily, Is Localized at the Juxtaparanodes of Myelinated Axons and Associates with K+ Channels
Authors: Sebastian Poliak, Leora Gollan, Ricardo Martinez, Andrew Custer, Steven Einheber, James L Salzer, James S Trimmer, Peter Shrager, Elior Peles
Journal: Neuron (1999)
Activation of protein kinase A acutely inhibits and phosphorylates Na/H exchanger NHE-3.
Authors: O W Moe, M Amemiya, Y Yamaji
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

In the mammalian renal proximal tubule, protein kinase A (PKA) plays an important role in mediating hormonal regulation of apical membrane Na/H exchanger activity. This exchanger is likely encoded by NHE-3. The present studies examined regulation of NHE-3 by PKA. NHE-3 was stably expressed in Na/H exchanger-deficient fibroblasts (AP-1/NHE-3 cells). PKA activation (0.1 mM 8-BrcAMP x 20 min) inhibited NHE-3 activity by 39% (P < 0.01) with no change in NHE-3 protein abundance in the plasma membrane. To define the structural requirements for PKA-mediated inhibition, full-length NHE-3 and a cytoplasmic domain-truncated mutant (NHE-3 delta cyto) were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. 8-BrcAMP inhibited NHE-3 activity by 27% (P < 0.05), an effect that was blocked by 10(-7) M PKA inhibitor peptide. NHE-3 delta cyto had baseline activity similar to that of full-length NHE-3 but its activity was not regulated by 8-BrcAMP. The purified recombinant cytoplasmic domain of NHE-3 was phosphorylated in vitro by the catalytic subunit of PKA on serine residues. In AP-1/NHE-3 cells, NHE-3 was immunoprecipitated as a approximately 87-kD phosphoprotein. Addition of 0.1 mM 8-BrcAMP increased the phosphocontent of NHE-3 by threefold. In summary, acute activation of PKA inhibits NHE-3 activity, an effect that is likely mediated by phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain.
Correction: Figure Legends in "Isoniazid Hepatitis"
Authors: JOHN K. BOITNOTT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 November 1973Correction: Figure Legends in "Isoniazid Hepatitis"JOHN K. BOITNOTT, M.D.JOHN K. BOITNOTT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-5-766_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We wish to correct our legends for two figures in our paper, Isoniazid Hepatitis" (Ann Intern Med 79:1-12, 1973). The legend for the photomicrograph published as Figure 3 should read:Liver biopsy specimen from Case 3. An area of bridging necrosis extends along the lower right corner of the photomicrograph with a delicate extension across the bottom midportion. Elsewhere there is only mild inflammation and hepatocellular damage. (Hematoxylin and eosin; X 150.)The legend for the photomicrograph published as Figure 5 should read:Liver biopsy specimen from Case 2, taken during first bout of hepatitis. An area... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Pathology The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1973Volume 79, Issue 5Page: 766-766KeywordsBiopsyHepatitisInflammationIsoniazidLiverNecrosis Issue Published: 1 November 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Long-term changes to in vitro preserved bioengineered human trachea and their implications for decellularized tissues
Authors: Silvia Baiguera, Costantino Del Gaudio, Massimo O. Jaus, Leonardo Polizzi, Alessandro Gonfiotti, Camilla E. Comin, Alessandra Bianco, Domenico Ribatti, Doris A. Taylor, Paolo Macchiarini
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Clinical Experience with the Dalkon Shield
Authors: J. D. O'Donovan
Journal: BMJ (1973)

account should be taken of research in a relevant basic science.We recognize that a flexible system must operate.Some investi- gators will undoub-tedly follow unorthodox paths and we do not wish to discourage this.Their accreditation could be considered on merit suggested in the heavy type on p. 8 of the First Report of the J.C.H.M.T.
Impact of Case Volume on Outcomes of Ureteroscopy for Ureteral Stones: The Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Ureteroscopy Global Study
Authors: Sangam V. Kandasami, Charalampos Mamoulakis, Ahmed R. El-Nahas, Timothy Averch, O. Levent Tuncay, Ashish Rawandale-Patil, Luigi Cormio, Jean J. de la Rosette
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Abstract 31: Phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 (PSPLA1) expression in colorectal cancer correlates with tumor invasion and hematogenous metastasis
Authors: Yuuki Iida, Eiji Sunami, Soichiro Ishihara, Hironori Yamaguchi, Nelson H. Tsuno, Joji Kitayama, Toshiaki Watanabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Although the physiological functions of various phospholipases, such as lysophospholipase D (Autotaxin), has been extensively investigated, those of Phosphatidylserine-Specific Phospholipase A1 (PSPLA1), a kind of phospholipase involved in allergic reactions, has not been fully elucidated yet. Here, we evaluated the role of PSPLA1 in oncogenesis and tumor metastasis of colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: Surgical specimens of 85 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer who received surgery in our department between January 2005 and December 2005 were immunostained with a monoclonal antibody to PSPLA1. The correlation between PSPLA1 expression and the clinico-pathological variables was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. The impact of PSPLA1 expression on the prognosis of the patients was assessed, in comparison with the other clinico-pathological variables. Results: PSPLA1 expression significantly correlated with tumor size, tumor depth and hematogenous metastasis in univariate analysis, and tumor depth and hematogenous metastasis were independent variables in multivariate analysis. The disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with high-PSPLA1 expression was significantly shorter compared to those with low expression. The presence of hematogenous metastasis, however, was the only independent factor associated with poor DFS. Conclusion: PSPLA1 expression in colorectal cancer was associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Citation Format: Yuuki Iida, Eiji Sunami, Soichiro Ishihara, Hironori Yamaguchi, Nelson H. Tsuno, Joji Kitayama, Toshiaki Watanabe. Phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 (PSPLA1) expression in colorectal cancer correlates with tumor invasion and hematogenous metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 31. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-31
Omeprazole in Zollinger–Ellison Syndrome
Authors: Cornelis B. H. W. Lamers, Tore Lind, Sven Moberg, Jan B. M.J. Jansen, Lars Olbe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Omeprazole in Zollinger–Ellison Syndrome — Effects of a Single Dose and of Long- Term Treatment in Patients Resistant to Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists
Isoform-specific regulation of platelet-derived growth factor activity and binding in osteoblast-enriched cultures from fetal rat bone.
Authors: M Centrella, T L McCarthy, W F Kusmik, E Canalis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

In osteoblast-enriched cultures from fetal rat bone, the A-chain homodimer of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA) is less potent than the PDGF isoforms containing B chain subunits (PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB), but normal osteoblasts appear to synthesize only PDGF-A subunit mRNA and polypeptide. However, other agents may regulate PDGF-AA activity in skeletal tissue. Pretreatment of osteoblast-enriched cultures with interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) synergistically enhanced the mitogenic effect of PDGF-AA coincident with increased binding site occupancy, but neither factor augmented PDGF-BB activity or binding. Polyacrylamide gel analysis showed 125I-PDGF-AA binding complexes predominantly at greater than 200 kD and faint labeling at 185 kD. After IL-1 alpha or TNF-alpha pretreatment, PDGF-AA binding increased at both sites, but this effect was more striking at 185 kD, which co-migrated with 125I-PDGF-BB-labeled complexes. PDGF-AA binding sites were rapidly lost by comparison to those for PDGF-BB in cycloheximide-treated cultures, but they remained relatively enhanced by IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha pretreatment. These studies indicate that IL-alpha and TNF-alpha increase PDGF-AA binding and activity for osteoblasts by mechanisms that are at least in part independent of new receptor synthesis, and suggest regulatory events that could control how PDGF binding sites specifically recognize different ligands.
THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF CARDIAC HYBRID IMAGING FUSING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY WITH SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Aju Pazhenkottil, Bernhard A. Herzog, René N. Nkoulou, Jelena-Rima Ghadri, Ronny R. Buechel, Silke M. Küest, Mathias Wolfrum, Lars Husmann, Oliver Gaemperli, Philipp A. Kaufmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Inhibition of mechanosensitive signaling in myofibroblasts ameliorates experimental pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Yong Zhou, Xiangwei Huang, Louise Hecker, Deepali Kurundkar, Ashish Kurundkar, Hui Liu, Tong-Huan Jin, Leena Desai, Karen Bernard, Victor J. Thannickal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Matrix stiffening and myofibroblast resistance to apoptosis are cardinal features of chronic fibrotic diseases involving diverse organ systems. The interactions between altered tissue biomechanics and cellular signaling that sustain progressive fibrosis are not well defined. In this study, we used ex vivo and in vivo approaches to define a mechanotransduction pathway involving Rho/Rho kinase (Rho/ROCK), actin cytoskeletal remodeling, and a mechanosensitive transcription factor, megakaryoblastic leukemia 1 (MKL1), that coordinately regulate myofibroblast differentiation and survival. Both in an experimental mouse model of lung fibrosis and in human subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), we observed activation of the Rho/ROCK pathway, enhanced actin cytoskeletal polymerization, and MKL1 cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling. Pharmacologic disruption of this mechanotransduction pathway with the ROCK inhibitor fasudil induced myofibroblast apoptosis through a mechanism involving downregulation of BCL-2 and activation of the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Treatment with fasudil during the postinflammatory fibrotic phase of lung injury or genetic ablation of Mkl1 protected mice from experimental lung fibrosis. These studies indicate that targeting mechanosensitive signaling in myofibroblasts to trigger the intrinsic apoptosis pathway may be an effective approach for treatment of fibrotic disorders.
Clinical Study of Ticrynafen
Authors: Massoud Nemati
Journal: JAMA (1977)

In a double-blind study, 20 hypertensive patients were randomly assigned to a six-week regimen of either ticrynafen or hydrochlorothiazide. Blood pressure was significantly reduced with both medications, although most patients required an increase in dosage from 250 to 500 mg ticrynafen daily. Whereas the serum uric acid level rose moderately in the hydrochlorothiazide-treated patients, it fell strikingly to less than half of the pretreatment level in patients treated with ticryafen. Body weight decreased slightly in both groups, as did serum potassium levels. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels rose slightly in both groups. The magnitude of these changes was not significantly different between the two groups. Use of ticryafen was well tolerated. Ticryafen appears to be a useful new antihypertensive agent because of its unique combination of diuretic, antihypertensive, and hypouricemic effects.
Constriction of the Fetal Ductus Arteriosus Induced by Oxygen, Acteylcholine, and Norepinephrine in Normal Dogs and those Genetically Predisposed to Persistent Patency
Authors: DAVID H. KNIGHT, DONALD F. PATTERSON, JULIUS MELBIN
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Functional closure of the isolated perfused ductus arteriosus was studied in normal dog fetuses and in fetuses receiving various known proportions of their genes from dogs with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Constriction of the ductus in response to O 2 , acetylcholine (ACh), and norepinephrine (NE) was evaluated by plotting changes in input conductance against time. Ductuses from the control (normal dog) fetuses constricted in response to high PO 2 , ACh, and NE, indicating that in the dog the response of the ductus arteriosus to these agents is qualitatively similar to that in other mammals. Hypoxia relaxed the O 2 constricted ductus. After two to three cycles of oxygenation and hypoxia, the ductus became refractory to O 2 but remained responsive to ACh and NE. Ductuses from PDA-related fetuses tended to be more widely patent when hypoxic and did not respond to O 2 , ACh, and NE to a degree comparable to the control fetuses. Both the proportion of subnormal ductal responses and degree of abnormality in the PDA-related group increased as the degree of relationship to dogs with PDA increased. These experimental results are consistent with the polygenic mode of inheritance previously demonstrated for canine PDA. It is suggested that the liability to defective ductal closure in the dog results from a quantitatively inherited inability of the ductus to constrict.
The anatomy of the lymphatics of the lungs and chest wall.
Authors: D H Trapnell
Journal: Thorax (1970)

Recurrent respiratory infection may be a feature of patients who have deficiency of humoral or antibody response to some respiratory pathogens and to some antibody challenge tests whilst maintaining apparently normal levels of immunoglobulins (dysgammaglobulinaemia).Other patients may lack cellular immunity.The conditions mentioned above are illustrated by reference to case histories.
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection and Gastric Cancer Risk: Evaluation of 15 <i>H. pylori</i> Proteins Determined by Novel Multiplex Serology
Authors: Lei Gao, Angelika Michel, Melanie N. Weck, Volker Arndt, Michael Pawlita, Hermann Brenner
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastric cancer (GC). The association likely has been underestimated in the past due to disease-related clearance of the infection. On the other hand, only a minority of the infected individuals develop GC, and better risk stratification is therefore highly desirable. We aimed to assess the association of GC with antibodies to 15 individual H. pylori proteins, determined by novel multiplex serology, to identify potentially relevant risk markers. This analysis was based on 123 GC cases aged 50 to 74 years and 492 age-matched and sex-matched controls from Saarland, Germany. Eight of the antibodies were significantly associated with noncardia GC and seven of them were significantly related to GC at any site. More pronounced associations were observed for noncardia GC; adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) ranged from 1.60 (1.01-2.54) for HyuA to 5.63 (3.20-9.91) for cytotoxin-associated antigen A (CagA). A dose-response relationship was found between the number of seropositivities and GC (P < 0.001). The seropositivities of CagA and GroEL were found to be independent predictors of GC, which were strongly related to GC risk in a dose-response manner (P < 0.001). In conclusion, GroEL was identified as a new independent risk marker that may contribute to enhanced quantification of H. pylori-related GC risk.
Immunostimulatory sequence DNA linked to the Amb a 1 allergen promotes TH1 cytokine expression while downregulating TH2 cytokine expression in PBMCs from human patients with ragweed allergy
Authors: Jason D. Marshall, Simin Abtahi, Joseph J. Eiden, Stephen Tuck, Robert Milley, Fiona Haycock, Michael J. Reid, Anne Kagey-Sobotka, Peter S. Creticos, Lawrence M. Lichtenstein, Gary Van Nest
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2001)
Effect of providing free glasses on children's educational outcomes in China: cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: X. Ma, Z. Zhou, H. Yi, X. Pang, Y. Shi, Q. Chen, M. E. Meltzer, S. le Cessie, M. He, S. Rozelle, Y. Liu, N. Congdon
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objective</b> To assess the effect of provision of free glasses on academic performance in rural Chinese children with myopia. <b>Design</b> Cluster randomized, investigator masked, controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> 252 primary schools in two prefectures in western China, 2012-13. <b>Participants</b> 3177 of 19 934 children in fourth and fifth grades (mean age 10.5 years) with visual acuity &lt;6/12 in either eye without glasses correctable to &gt;6/12 with glasses. 3052 (96.0%) completed the study. <b>Interventions</b> Children were randomized by school (84 schools per arm) to one of three interventions at the beginning of the school year: prescription for glasses only (control group), vouchers for free glasses at a local facility, or free glasses provided in class. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Spectacle wear at endline examination and end of year score on a specially designed mathematics test, adjusted for baseline score and expressed in standard deviations. <b>Results</b> Among 3177 eligible children, 1036 (32.6%) were randomized to control, 988 (31.1%) to vouchers, and 1153 (36.3%) to free glasses in class. All eligible children would benefit from glasses, but only 15% wore them at baseline. At closeout glasses wear was 41% (observed) and 68% (self reported) in the free glasses group, and 26% (observed) and 37% (self reported) in the controls. Effect on test score was 0.11 SD (95% confidence interval 0.01 to 0.21) when the free glasses group was compared with the control group. The adjusted effect of providing free glasses (0.10, 0.002 to 0.19) was greater than parental education (0.03, −0.04 to 0.09) or family wealth (0.01, −0.06 to 0.08). This difference between groups was significant, but was smaller than the prespecified 0.20 SD difference that the study was powered to detect. <b>Conclusions</b> The provision of free glasses to Chinese children with myopia improves children’s performance on mathematics testing to a statistically significant degree, despite imperfect compliance, although the observed difference between groups was smaller than the study was originally designed to detect. Myopia is common and rarely corrected in this setting. <b>Trial Registration</b> Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN03252665.
Steven’s Violin
Authors: Andrea Kott
Journal: JAMA (2007)

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