tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Nonsexist Word Finder: A Dictionary of Gender-Free Usage
Authors: Kenneth W. Barwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

What price do we pay for the free use of sexist language within our everyday experience? In addressing this question Rosalie Maggio quotes Donald G. McKay, who has indicated that each of us hears the generic he over a million times in our lifetime.  McKay continues with the opinion that the consequences of this repetition are beyond the ken of present-day psychology and that such usage has all the characteristics of a highly effective propaganda technique: repetition, covertness/indirectness, early age of acquisition, and association with high-prestige sources.  For any of us who might consider this overstated, Maggio reviews several lines of evidence indicating that use of the word man and masculine pronouns to include men and women is not successful at the level of achieving a sense of inclusion among women listeners or readers. Moreover, women from their earliest days are given the subtle or not so subtle sense that
Gastrointestinal Series in Patients With Gallstones
Authors: Jeffrey S. Freed
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The conclusion of Leonard and Schreiber (240:146, 1978) that gastrointestinal (GI) series is not necessary in patients with gallstones fails to consider the surgical aspects of the disease. As we have described previously, the GI series not only serves to uncover other disease entities outside the biliary tract (peptic ulcer, sliding hiatus hernia, occult neoplasm), but defines anatomic abnormalities that may be encountered at surgery.<sup>1</sup>The two most common would be duodenal diverticulum and cholecystoduodenal fistula. The duodenal diverticulum, for example, is an incidental x-ray finding in 0.1% to 5% of studies.<sup>2</sup>The common bile duct and pancreatic duct may insert into the diverticulum,<sup>3</sup>making a common bile duct exploration treacherous by increasing the chance of creating false passages, duodenal perforation, and incomplete removal of calculi. In these situations, the surgeon who is forewarned of the anatomic possibilities by prior contrast x-ray films will
Timing of Recanalization After Intravenous Thrombolysis and Functional Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Leonard L. L. Yeo, Prakash Paliwal, Hock L. Teoh, Raymond C. Seet, Bernard P. L. Chan, Shen Liang, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Rahul Rathakrishnan, Aftab Ahmad, Kay W. P. Ng, Pei K. Loh, Jonathan J. Y. Ong, Benjamin R. Wakerley, Vincent F. Chong, Girish Bathla, Vijay K. Sharma
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2012)

Recanalization of occluded intracranial arteries remains the aim of intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).To examine the timing and impact of recanalization on functional outcomes in AIS.A longitudinal cohort of consecutive IV tPA–treated patients with AIS from January 2007 through December 2010. Data were collected for demography, risk factors, stroke subtypes, blood pressure, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores. Early recanalization (ER) was identified by transcranial Doppler monitoring during the first 2 hours of treatment. Recanalization was reevaluated at 24 hours by computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Patients with ER and patent index artery at 24 hours on CTA were labeled as having persistent recanalization (PR). Recanalization at 24 hours on CTA regardless of transcranial Doppler status was labeled as CTR. Favorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 1 at 3 months.University hospital stroke center.A total of 240 patients with AIS who underwent IV tPA treatment.Of 2238 patients with AIS, 240 (11%) received IV tPA. The median age was 65 years (range, 19-92 years) and 44% of the study group was male. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 17 (range, 3-35) and the median onset-to-treatment time was 149 minutes (range, 46-270 minutes). Of the 240 patients, 122 (50.8%) achieved favorable outcomes at 3 months. Data for ER, PR, and CTR were analyzed for 160 patients. Early recanalization was seen in 82 patients (51.3%); 67 cases (81.7%) had PR and 84 cases (52.5%) had CTR. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at onset (odds ratio per 1-point increase, 0.938; 95% CI, 0.888-0.991), ER (odds ratio, 3.048; 95% CI, 1.537-6.046), PR (odds ratio, 5.449; 95% CI, 2.382-12.464), and CTR (odds ratio, 4.329; 95% CI, 2.131-8.794) were independent predictors of favorable outcomes.Intravenous tPA–induced arterial recanalization within the first 24 hours in AIS is a strong predictor of favorable outcomes at 3 months.
A paper that changed my practice: Making sense
Authors: C. Essex
Journal: BMJ (1997)

During my medical house job the only people with hypertension whom I saw were those who were admitted with the consequences of cardiovascular disease. I was therefore desperately worried that my father who was hypertensive was about to have a stroke or a myocardial infarction. Fortunately, my next job was a trainee in general practice, where I daily saw people with hypertension who were living fairly normal lives, which helped to get things back in perspective.

That latter post, and one in accident and emergency, followed by three years out of medicine, helped me to put the acute and chronic pathology I had seen and read about into a population …
Sleep Deprivation and Performance of Residents
Authors: David Blocker
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  The study by Deaconson et al 1 addresses the issue of resident performance only: residents' ability to provide a service to the hospital. It does not examine their ability to learn new cognitive skills. Since residents are supposed to be acquiring skills needed to practice medicine, not merely providing inexpensive labor to the hospital, the very reason the residents are in training is not examined.  I cannot help but wonder if the study was designed as a vehicle to justify the use of residents as a source of inexpensive labor.  A more valid study would examine hospitals, or countries such as New Zealand, that have eliminated the system of resident call, to see what the effect on medical education and health care provision is.  It has always been my contention that unsupervised, exhausted trainee physicians should not be taking sole care of patients during the night
Two Plasmodium knowlesi-specific antigens on the surface of schizont-infected Rhesus monkey erythrocytes induce antibody production in immune hosts.
Authors: R Schmidt-Ullrich, D F Wallach, J Lightholder
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

Purified schizonts (6--10 nuclei) and membranes of schizont-infected erythrocytes from the Malaysian and Philippine strain of Plasmodium knowlesi are analyzed immunochemically using immunoglobulin of rhesus monkey hyperimmune sera against schizonts and of sera from naturally immune monkeys. The anti-schizont Ig identifies less than 20 immune components in Triton X-100-solubilized schizonts and membranes of infected cells. Of these antigens, 9 (component 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 18, and 20) are common to parasites and membranes of infected erythrocytes, and 12 (2A,B, 6, 8, 9, 12, 13p, 14, 16A,B, 19 A,Bp, 21, 22p, and 23) are predominantly found in the parasite; 4 components (13i, 19A,Bi, 22A, B, and 24) are unique to the membrane of infected erythrocytes. Only three parasite-specific components (1, 13, and 19) are exposed on the surface of parasitized erythrocytes as revealed by both lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination and extensive absorption of anti-schizont Ig using intact infected erythrocytes. Two plasmodium-specific antigens (1 and 13) on the surface of infected erythrocytes are recognized by sera of rhesus monkeys rendered naturally immune against P. knowlesi infections and, therefore, represent antigens in vivo. Analyses of schizonts and membranes of parasitized erythrocytes of the two different strains of P. knowlesi yields only some minor quantitative, but no qualitative differences when analyzed with both types of antisera. Importantly, components 1 and 13 appear identical in both strains.
695 Lipophilic but not hydrophilic antioxidants in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid protect mouse hepatocytes against amiodarone toxicity
Authors: A OUAZZANICHAHDI, A CHABLI, A ELIMADI, P COLLIN, P HADDAD
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

<dm:abstracts xmlns:dm="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/dm/dtd"><ce:abstract xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" view="all" class="author" id="aep-abstract-id15"><ce:section-title>Publisher Summary</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec view="all" id="aep-abstract-sec-id16"><ce:simple-para id="fsabs018" view="all">This chapter discusses about the innate effector functions of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and immunoregulatory functions. The IECs function as direct participants in innate immunity through the secretion of a variety of factors that contribute to the functional barrier formation. IECs participate in acquired immune responses through local immunoregulation of acquired immune functions of subjacent lymphoid tissue. They play a sentinel role in immune surveillance as the first potential antigen-presenting (Ag-presenting) cell type to come in contact with the luminal Ag. In addition to the barrier function contributed by the tight junctions and the associated structures of the epithelial cells, the IEC contributes significantly to barrier function. This is accomplished by the IEC contributing directly to the formation of the closely adherent glycocalyx and associated proteins such as secreted intestinal trefoil (ITF) factor. The ITFs are small, compact proteins that are secreted by goblet cells, which establish a close biophysical interaction with the mucin glycoproteins of the glycocalyx.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></dm:abstracts>
Salvage Radical Prostatectomy in Nonmetastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Who Received Previous Radiotherapy: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Paolo Gontero, Martin Spahn, Giansilvio Marchioro, Jeffrey R. Karnes, Alberto Briganti, Bruno Frea, Umberto Ricardi, Hendrik van Poppel, Steven Joniau
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Antitumor efficacy of D2C7-(scdsFv)-PE38KDEL, a novel immunotoxin targeting EGFRwt and EGFRvIII, by convection-enhanced delivery in orthotopic brain tumor mouse models
Authors: Xuhui Bao, Vidyalakshmi Chandramohan, Stephen T Keir, Charles N Pegram, Roger E McLendon, Chien-Tsun Kuan, Ira H Pastan, Darell D Bigner
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is most frequently amplified and overexpressed, along with its truncated mutant, EGFRvIII, in glioblastomas. We tested the antitumor efficacy of the recombinant immunotoxin, D2C7-(scdsFv)-PE38KDEL (D2C7-IT), which is reactive with a
First report of a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the esophagus diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA)
Authors: T. Ogura, M. Tajika, S. Hijioka, K. Hara, S. Haba, W. Hosoda, Y. Yatabe, S. Asano, K. Higuchi, K. Yamao, Y. Niwa
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the esophagus is a rare tumor [1] [2] [3] with varying presentations [4]. Only a few reports have described MALT lymphoma of the esophagus spanning the entire circumference and length of the esophagus [3]. Many of these cases were diagnosed surgically. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is an established method of obtaining submucosal tissue specimens [5]. We report here the first case of MALT lymphoma of the esophagus diagnosed by EUS-FNA.
Abstract 4005: The leukemia-associated fusion protein DEK-NUP214 induces proliferation through an mTOR-dependent mechanism
Authors: Carl Sandén, Malin Ageberg, Urban Gullberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the dysregulated proliferation and impaired differentiation of myeloid precursor cells. The majority of these leukemias harbor genetic translocations, which determine both the molecular mechanistics and the prognosis of the disease. The t(6;9)(p22;q34) chromosomal translocation is found in 1% of AML, where it is associated with young age and poor prognosis. The translocation occurs between specific introns in the gene DEK on chromosome 6 and the gene NUP214 on chromosome 9, creating the fusion gene DEK-NUP214. The role of DEK-NUP214 in leukemogenesis is still largely uncharacterized. To obtain an experimental model of the disease, we expressed the fusion gene in the myeloid cell line U937 and studied the phenotype of the stable clones. We show that cells expressing DEK-NUP214 proliferate faster and also sustain their proliferative capacity longer in culture than their normal counterparts. Cellular proliferation is regulated by a wide range of signaling pathways, but many converge on the activating phosphorylation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) at Ser2448. Western blot analysis of the clones revealed that cells expressing DEK-NUP214 have higher levels of both phosphorylated and total mTOR protein. To determine the effect on downstream cellular functions, we proceeded to study mTOR-dependent translation and metabolism. We performed a global translation assay where the incorporation of radioactively labeled amino acids into newly synthesized proteins reflects the rate of translation. The results show that cells expressing DEK-NUP214 have a markedly increased translation rate. Cellular metabolism was studied by measuring the consumption of glucose and the production of lactate in cell supernatant. We demonstrate that cells expressing DEK-NUP214 produce less lactate, despite equal glucose consumption and increased proliferation. In concordance with increased mTOR activity, our results suggest that cells expressing DEK-NUP214 shift their metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. The increased activity of mTOR thus leads to translational and metabolic changes that could play a role in the leukemogenic effect of DEK-NUP214. Interestingly, proliferation induced by DEK-NUP214 is highly dependent on mTOR. Treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) reduces the proliferation of the DEK-NUP214 cells to the level of the control cells, without affecting the control cells. This pivotal role of mTOR suggests that leukemias harboring the t(6;9)(p22;q34) translocation may be susceptible to treatment with either rapamycin or the novel mTOR inhibitors that are approaching the clinic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4005. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4005
Functional variants of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 gene associate with asthma susceptibility
Authors: Xiaoguang Sun, Shwu-Fan Ma, Michael S. Wade, Carlos Flores, Maria Pino-Yanes, Jaideep Moitra, Carole Ober, Rick Kittles, Aliya N. Husain, Jean G. Ford, Joe G.N. Garcia
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Nasal and Skin Sensitivity during Immunotherapy with Two Major Allergens 19, 25 and Partially Purified Extract of Timothy Grass Pollen
Authors: Ole ØSterballe
Journal: Allergy (1982)

In a double blind 3‐year prospective study 40 grass pollen allergic patients were allocated to specific immunotherapy (hyposensitization) with two timothy major allergens, 19, 25, or partially purified timothy extract. The extracts were biologically standardized and coupled to aluminium hydroxide for treatment. Efficacy of hyposensitization was evaluated by titrated nasal provocations and skin prick tests with the two treatment extracts and a five‐grass mixture. The threshold dose for skin prick test (skin (threholds) produced reactions identical to histamine chloride 5.43 mmol/l, and the threshold dose for nasal provocations (nasal thresholds) produced two of the three reactions: at least 0.5 ml of nasal secretion, at least five sneezes, and/or at least a 20 % fall in nasal peak flow. Nasal thresholds showed highest efficacy from partially purified timothy extract but equal protection against timothy and I he five ‐grass mixture. Nasal thresholds of 14 untreated patients corresponded to treatment with the two major allergens. Changes in skin and nasal thresholds after 12 and after 64 weeks of treatment predicted the severity of hay fever. Increase in nasal thresholds coincided with a marked effect on asthma. Nasal thresholds below 1 HEP before treatment predicted major systemic side effects.
Fixed-Effects Models and Diagnosing Psychiatric Disorders—Reply
Authors: Brian M. D’Onofrio, Arvid Sjölander, Paul Lichtenstein
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
ABC of computing. Computers in the medical library.
Authors: F Macgillivray, A J Asbury
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The library user has two basic requirements: firstly, to find the references to papers and textbooks giving the required information, and, secondly, to ltSlocatephysically the relevant texts.Computerised library catalogues and stock control systems help the reader and librarian locate the desired information quickly and efficiently. Computer assisted searchingComputerised searching ofbiomedical literature has been well established for many years.Databases created by orderly indexing and computer storage of references to biomedical published papers now span several years and are available to medical libraries via computer terminals.As well as the general database files such as Medline and Excerpta Medica, which cover Indexed with ccntr led the whole area of medicine, there are more specialised files such as vocabulary Cancerline, Enviroline, and RTECS (Registry ofToxic Effects ofChemical Substances).The latter will give concrete information such as the LD50 Of any substance, so that the inquirer may not have actually to find the relevant publication.Most of the databases, however, do not offer hard facts, such asComputer database ]might be found in a pharmacopoeia or index of differential diagnosis, but Medline etc provide the users with a list of references relevant to their inquiries.The w ^w | Index amount of information available in the reference varies with each database, Medicus but a standard minimum consists of author, title, and source of reference.Sometimes abstracts may also be provided.The usefulness ofthe final list of references to the inquirer depends largely on how precisely the search topic is described to the librarian.Since the librarian is an expert in information provision rather than medicine, he or she cannot be expected to produce a useful list of references when the initial topic is still ill defined in the inquirer's mind. The databases MedrinThe most commonly used database in medicine is Medline, which is C ancer!ineT
Problems in Diagnosing Halothane Hepatitis
Authors: Charles Lomanto
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Halothane was believed to be the offending agent in five cases of suspected hepatitis. All the patients were women. Two had chronic active hepatitis proved by liver biopsy, but the diagnosis in the other three, including the woman who died, was not clearly established. Until a specific test for viral or halothane hepatitis is developed, the use of halogenated agents in any patient with known liver disease, sepsis, or a recent history of flu-like symptoms should be avoided. An arbitrary three-month period is observed between repeated halothane anesthesias.
Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Mark R. Cullen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes1 February 2000Occupational Musculoskeletal DisordersMark R. Cullen, MDMark R. Cullen, MDFrom Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-3-200002010-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Second edition. Hadler NM. 433 pages. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999. $75.00. ISBN 0781714958. Order phone 800-638-0672.Field of medicine: Rheumatology, orthopedics, and neurosurgery as they relate to occupational health.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Practitioners who treat musculoskeletal disorders in working adults and those interested in the sociologic, political, and economic aspects of prevention and management of occupational injuries.Purpose: To present the author's philosophical view on appropriate strategies for prevention and management of musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace.Content: Hadler contends that upper-extremity and low back pain are primarily social rather than medical disorders whose origins lie in ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 2000Volume 132, Issue 3Page: 252KeywordsClinical epidemiologyHealth careLower back painMedical sociologyMuscular dystrophiesNeurosurgeryOrthopedicsPrevention, policy, and public healthRheumatologySoftware tools ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 February 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Gulstonian Lectures on the Nature and Affinities of Tubercle
Authors: R. Southey
Journal: BMJ (1867)

Tubercle in Bone.ALTHOUGH at first calculated to surprise us, perhaps the second best illustration of the course of tubercle, under conditions of greatest moisture, is to be found in bone-tissue.The favourite nidus of tubercle in bone is the medullary substance; and the disease, therefore, occurs especially in the spongy bones, and in their spongy cancellous parts, thus principally affecting the vertebrae, the articular ends of the long bones, the tarsus and carpus, and the skull-bones of children.At its late, as at its early stages, the tubercular nature of the affection is difficult of re-* This ws done at much greater length In the Leotures as origisally delivored.