tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood Transfusions for Flu Pandemic?
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2711: BART9, an EBV encoded miRNA, regulates E-cadherin and metastasis.
Authors: Hsu Chung Yuan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract EBV is a casual agent of NPC and products of EBV genome are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of NPC. EBV is the first human virus found to express microRNAs (miRNAs). EBV has been found encoded more than forty miRNAs, the functions of which remain largely unknown. In this study, We discovered that BART9 was expressed at high levels in NPC tissues examined. In addition, the level of BART9 was higher than the best documented human oncogenic miR-21. Next, we investigated the role and mechanism of BART9 in NPC cells, and found that exogenous expression of BART9 enhanced the migration and invasion but not proliferation of EBV negative-NPC cells in vitro. Further, depletion of endogenous BART9 suppressed migration and invasion of EBV-positive NPC cells. We further demonstrated that BART9 directly targeted CDH1-3’-UTR and repressed the expression of CDH1, a metastasis suppressor. In addition, restoring of BART9-resistant CDH1 expression in BART9 over-expression cells recovered the migratory and invasive ability of BART9. More importantly, ectopic expression of BART9 triggered spontaneous metastasis of NPC cells in vivo. Finally, in situ hybridization for BART9 showed strong positive staining in paraffin-embedded nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and the CDH1 protein levels have an inverse correlation with BART9 expression. Collectively, our findings indicate that BART9 promoted migration, invasion and metastasis in NPC. It is the first case reported that EBV encodes an BART miRNA has effect on motility of infected cells, suggesting a novel mechanism by which Epstein-Barr virus induces the metastasis and recurrence of NPC. Citation Format: Hsu Chung Yuan. BART9, an EBV encoded miRNA, regulates E-cadherin and metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2711. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2711
Engineering T Cells to Functionally Cure HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Rachel S Leibman, James L Riley
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Despite the ability of antiretroviral therapy to minimize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication and increase the duration and quality of patients' lives, the health consequences and financial burden associated with the lifelong treatment regimen render a permanent cure highly attractive. Although T cells play an important role in controlling virus replication, they are themselves targets of HIV-mediated destruction. Direct genetic manipulation of T cells for adoptive cellular therapies could facilitate a functional cure by generating HIV-1-resistant cells, redirecting HIV-1-specific immune responses, or a combination of the two strategies. In contrast to a vaccine approach, which relies on the production and priming of HIV-1-specific lymphocytes within a patient's own body, adoptive T-cell therapy provides an opportunity to customize the therapeutic T cells prior to administration. However, at present, it is unclear how to best engineer T cells so that sustained control over HIV-1 replication can be achieved in the absence of antiretrovirals. This review focuses on T-cell gene-engineering and gene-editing strategies that have been performed in efforts to inhibit HIV-1 replication and highlights the requirements for a successful gene therapy-mediated functional cure.
PROGNOSTIC UTILITY OF CONTRAST-ENHANCED CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: AN INTERNATIONAL MULTICENTER STUDY
Authors: Raymond H. Chan, Barry Maron, iacopo olivotto, Gabriele Assenza, M. Susie Hong, John Lesser, Tammy Haas, Christiane Gruner, Andrew Crean, Harry Rakowski, James Udelson, Ethan Rowin, Benedetta Tomberli, Paolo Spirito, Francesco Formisano, Elena Biagini, Claudio Rapezzi, Carlo Nicola De Cecco, Camillo Autore, Earl Francis Cook, Thomas Hauser, C. Michael Gibson, Warren Manning, Evan Appelbaum, Martin Maron
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Transcriptional regulation of VEGF expression by estrogen-related receptor γ
Authors: Jichao Liang, Fengmei Han, Yong Chen
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is associated with endothelial cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) plays important regulatory roles in fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis and gluconeogenesis. Recently, ERRγ has been shown to be involved in angiogenesis; however, the mechanism of ERRγ-mediated angiogenesis is poorly understood. Here the results show that ERRγ activates VEGF gene transcription via two putative estrogen-related receptor binding elements (ERREs) mapped to the promoter region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that ERRγ binds to the identified ERREs. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of ERRγ increased the expression of VEGF gene and induced an increase in VEGF secretion in C2C12 myotubes. In contrast, the secretion of VEGF was significantly decreased in the presence of the ERRγ inverse agonist GSK5182. Furthermore, treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with the conditioned medium from ERRγ-overexpressing C2C12 myotubes significantly increased proliferation, migration and tube formation. These data indicate that VEGF functions as a downstream target gene of ERRγ and mediates the effects of ERRγ on endothelial cells proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. This physiological function of ERRγ might provide a novel target for treatment of ischemic diseases.
Implementing a community-based social marketing project to improve agricultural worker health.
Authors: J Flocks, L Clarke, S Albrecht, C Bryant, P Monaghan, H Baker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The Together for Agricultural Safety project is a community-based social marketing project working to reduce the adverse health effects of pesticide exposure among fernery and nursery workers in Florida. In 3 years, the collaboration between university and community researchers has embodied many of the principles of community-based research while completing multiple stages of formative data collection required for a social marketing project. This hybrid approach to developing a health intervention for a minority community has been successful in its early stages because the community partners are organized, empowered, and motivated to execute research activities with the assistance of academic partners. However, this work has also been labor intensive and costly. This article describes the lessons learned by project partners and considers the limitations of this approach for agricultural health research.
Topical Tretinoin for Photoaged Skin-Reply
Authors: Charles N. Ellis
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —In answer to Dr Pazmiño, laboratory and drug absorption studies were not done in our study because of the known safety of topical tretinoin. Plasma levels of tretinoin were undetectable after applications of 0.025% tretinoin cream to the arms, legs, and back twice daily for 28 days or 1.0% tretinoin cream once to the entire body.<sup>1</sup> Any minimal absorption of tretinoin through intact skin and any prostaglandins in the skin (which are metabolized locally) would be unlikely to affect the kidney directly. Based on our experience with retinoids<sup>2,3</sup>and on 17 years of safe use of tretinoin without reported vasculitis or effects on kidney function (E. G. Thorne, MD, Ortho Pharmaceutical Company, oral communication, March 1988), we conclude that it is unnecessary to perform kidney function measurements in patients using tretinoin topically. Day-to-day variation and laboratory or collection errors could account for some of the findings
Handbook of Critical Care
Authors: Charles L. Rice
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The editors of this book have intended it to be a practical guide for all members of the critical care team. It is designed as a handbook, with a soft cover, and priced at the level of a handbook. Unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, it does not fulfill its promise. The first chapter describes multiple organ failure, with primary emphasis on respiratory failure. There are, however, a number of oversimplifications that may mislead the novice, for example, "fluid overload and left heart failure contribute significantly to acute respiratory failure in 80-90% of surgical patients." This unreferenced assertion confuses simple hydrostatic pulmonary edema, easily treated with diuretics, and the much more complex adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which usually results from sepsis in the surgical patient. The chapter on design of an intensive care unit is well written but probably does not belong in a handbook, since those for whom
Infected splenic dendritic cells are sufficient for prion transmission to the CNS in mouse scrapie
Authors: Pierre Aucouturier, Frédéric Geissmann, Diane Damotte, Gabriela P. Saborio, Harry C. Meeker, Regina Kascsak, Richard Kascsak, Richard I. Carp, Thomas Wisniewski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies display long incubation periods at the beginning of which the titer of infectious agents (prions) increases in peripheral lymphoid organs. This "replication" leads to a progressive invasion of the CNS. Follicular dendritic cells appear to support prion replication in lymphoid follicles. However, the subsequent steps of neuroinvasion remain obscure. CD11c+ dendritic cells, an unrelated cell type, are candidate vectors for prion propagation. We found a high infectivity titer in splenic dendritic cells from prion-infected mice, suggesting that dendritic cells carry infection. To test this hypothesis, we injected RAG-10/0 mice intravenously with live spleen cell subsets from scrapie-infected donors. Injection of infected dendritic cells induced scrapie without accumulation of prions in the spleen. These results suggest that CD11c+ dendritic cells can propagate prions from the periphery to the CNS in the absence of any additional lymphoid element.
Epidemic Listeriosis — Evidence for Transmission by Food
Authors: Walter F. Schlech, Pierre M. Lavigne, Robert A. Bortolussi, Alexander C. Allen, E. Vanora Haldane, A. John Wort, Allen W. Hightower, Scott E. Johnson, Stanley H. King, Eric S. Nicholls, Claire V. Broome
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is a motile, gram-positive coccobacillus that can frequently be isolated from soil, water, and vegetation. It is a common cause of meningoencephalitis and abortion in ruminants, but it is infrequently identified as a human pathogen. In adults, L. monocytogenes is an uncommon cause of bacterial meningitis and a rare cause of sepsis, endocarditis, peritonitis, or focal abscess. In neonates, it is the third most common cause of bacterial meningitis after Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae. In addition, perinatal infections can cause abortion, stillbirth, and a devastating septic illness termed "granulomatosis infantisepticum."The mode of acquisition . . .
Surgical Correction of Defective Absorption of Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>in a Child
Authors: William C. Quinby, Joseph J. McGovern
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

MEGALOBLASTIC anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency may occur in patients with inflammatory or anatomic lesions of the bowel. The reports and collective reviews of the subject1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 include very few examples in infants or children.3 , 5 , 7 The present report describes the occurrence of the syndrome in a child, illustrates the newer diagnostic methods and emphasizes the value of corrective operation when the underlying cause is a malfunctioning segment of the bowel.Case ReportL.H., a 2.3-kg. (5-pound) female infant, was born on May 5, 1950, by breech presentation, at term, after an uncomplicated pregnancy. She vomited greenish material immediately after . . .
Mason and Currey's Clinical Rheumatology
Authors: Robert S. Katz
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This short British text is just what the doctor ordered for the generalist, the medical student finding himself on a rheumatology clerkship, or the house officer preparing for the next internal medicine board examinations. It is brief, up to date, generally reliable, and definitely clinically oriented. There are 22 chapters and two appendices covering the major and less common rheumatic diseases, metabolic bone disease, orthopedics in the rheumatic diseases (including local conditions such as tennis elbow, trigger finger, and shoulder pain), anatomy, immunogenetics, laboratory investigations, and clinical examination of the joints. It was written by 13 authors, all but two from London hospitals. Understandably, the content and style of the chapters vary considerably. Some chapters are excellent, particularly those on lupus by G. R. V. Hughes, rheumatoid arthritis by Colin Barnes, gout by J. T. Scott, and spondylitis, psoriasis, and Reiter's disease by Derrick Brewerton. Weaknesses of the book relate
New public health Don't judge the rest on the rhetoric of new public health
Authors: J L Gunning-Schepers, K McPherson, G R de Wildt
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - Jan P Vandenbroucke seems to have an incomplete view of public health in Europe.1 Over 9000 members of the European Public Health Association and many more people in Europe and elsewhere work in public health. They work in vaccination programmes, environmental health, breast screening programmes, occupational medicine, accident prevention and safety, child health clinics, health clinics, health education programmes for dental hygiene, or AIDS prevention — to name but a few areas in which public health in the more narrow sense is traditionally active. In many countries the organisation and management of health services and health policy are also considered to be part of public health practice. The efforts of these public health professionals and their colleagues in clinical medicine have contributed to the increase in life expectancy and health status of our populations.

These practitioners in public health are supported by an impressive array of scientific research. The main disciplines are public health epidemiology and …
Epley's procedure should be used to treat benign positional vertigo
Authors: T. Lempert, M. A Gresty, A. M Bronstein
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Epley's procedure should be used to treat benign positional vertigo EDITOR,-In response to our review on the'.treatment of benign positional vertigo' Graeme M Weiner advocates Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises as the superior choice for this condition.2We are aware that this reflects widespread practice in Brit- ain, but the published evidence justifying it is weak.Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises were devised to promote central compensation of stable unilateral vestibular deficits, and they serve this purpose well.Only one study, however, has evaluated the efficacy of such exercises for benign positional vertigo; it found that 32% of patients were cured after one week.3This compares unfavourably with the 60-80% rate of immediate success after just one application of Epley's procedure as shown in several open studies cited in our review.The efficacy of this technique, which aims to clear the posterior semicircular canal ofmobile particles, has been substantiated further by two recent studies.4'Patients appreciate the physician's support through a quick and effective manoeuvre as an alternative to repeated self inflicted attacks of the condition as occur with Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises.The 20% of patients who experience frequent recur- rences can be taught an adapted version of Epley's procedure for self treatment at home.We would invite Weiner to try Epley's manoeuvre himself because it was the grateful response of patients that ultimately defeated our initial scepticism.
A restless night's sleep
Authors: D. Athauda, G. Leschziner
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A 76 year old woman presented to her general practitioner with a four year history of uncomfortable sensations in her legs like “swarms of biting and crawling ants.” These would occur in the evenings and were worse when she was sitting still or lying in bed at night. Relief could be obtained only by moving her legs or getting out of bed. This caused severe insomnia and was adversely affecting her quality of life. She had no family history of movement disorders but had osteoarthritis and gout, and was taking allopurinol plus calcium and vitamin D supplements.

She was started on co-beneldopa 25/100 (benserazide 25 mg, levodopa 100 mg) and ropinirole 2 mg nightly for her leg symptoms and nitrazepam 5 mg for her insomnia. She initially had some mild relief, but because her symptoms were not fully controlled the doses were increased. After one month of dose escalation, her symptoms became more severe, lasted longer during the night, and affected her sleep more severely than before. In an attempt to control her symptoms, her doses were increased further until she was taking co-beneldopa and ropinirole four hourly. However, she then developed severe symptoms during the daytime, from the mornings onwards, which were exacerbated by taking long car journeys. She was referred to the neurology clinic for a further opinion.



### 1 What is the cause of her initial symptoms?

#### Short answer

Restless legs syndrome.

#### Long answer

Restless legs syndrome is …
History of a Case Illustrative of Specimens of Punctiform and Tubercular Melanosis
Authors: E. J. Spry
Journal: BMJ (1847)

CASE OF TUBERCULAR MELANOSIS.in Ireland, and for about tbree weeks he laboured under continued fever.He then began slowly to recover, but his convalescence was soon arrested by a return, in a very severe degree, of the pain in the loins.As it was evident he was losing ground, Mr. Church, with Mr. Norman, examined tlhe state of the back, on the 29th of May.Mr. M. referred the pain entirely to the right lumbar region, exceptinig that some pain extended down the right thigh.He had constant nausea, and about this time began to have vomBitings.There was no disease discovered by examination of the spine, or of the abdomen, and Mr. Church and Mr. Norman were inclined to believe the disease wasin thekidney, although the urine shewed no evidence of disease, excepting in excess of lithic acid, and once or twice a slight trace of blood.Alkaline medicine and sedatives afforded some slight relief, but in two or tlhree days violent pain came on in the back, accomnpanied by vomiting;
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH: Study to Examine Health Effects in Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Cleanup Workers
Authors: Charles W. Schmidt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Study to examine health effects in Deepwater horizon oil Spill cleanup Workers Ant poison containing banned mirex was being sold online.Epifluorescence images of different portions of transgenic Arabidopsis roots shown before and after addition of the TNT ligand.Far right panels show DAPI nuclear staining.Arrowheads indicate nuclei.Scale bar = 25 µm.
Long-term results of directional coronary atherectomy: Predictors of restenosis
Authors: Robert F. Fishman, Richard E. Kuntz, Joseph P. Carrozza, Michael J. Miller, Cynthia C. Senerchia, Stuart J. Schnitt, Daniel J. Diver, Robert D. Safian, Donald S. Baim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Effect of Race on Outcome After Kidney and Kidney-Pancreas Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Viken Douzdjian, S Shanmuga Bhaskar, Prabakar K Baliga, Kristene K Gugliuzza, P R Rajagopalan
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE The racial impact on graft outcome is not well defined in diabetic recipients. The purpose of this study is to analyze our experience with kidney-alone (KA) and kidney-pancreas (KP) transplantation in type 1 diabetic recipients and evaluate the impact of racial disparity on outcome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The records of 217 kidney transplants (118 KA, 99 KP) performed on type 1 diabetic patients between 1985 and 1995 at the Medical University of South Carolina and the University of Texas Medical Branch were reviewed. RESULTS A total of 53 (31%) white patients and 15 (33%) black patients experienced at least one episode of biopsy-proven acute rejection of the renal graft (NS). Patient survival at 1, 2, and 5 years was similar in white (92, 87, 69%) and black (91, 91, 69%) patients (NS). Kidney graft survival at 1, 2, and 5 years in the KA group was 72, 62, and 42% in blacks, compared with 79, 76, and 53% in whites (NS). Kidney graft survival at 1, 2, and 5 years in the KP group was 92, 92, and 74% in blacks, compared with 83, 77, and 58% in whites (NS). Pancreas graft survival at 1, 2, and 5 years was 81, 81, and 81% in blacks, compared with 81, 75, and 62% in whites (NS). Cox regression analysis revealed that donor age ≥ 40 years increased the risk of renal graft failure 6.2-fold (P = 0.0001), whereas the addition of a pancreas transplant to a kidney and a living-related transplant decreased the risk of failure of the kidney graft 0.2 (P = 0.005) and 0.1 times (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that when compared with whites, there may be a trend toward an improved kidney and pancreas graft outcome in blacks undergoing KP transplants. These findings suggest that diabetes may override the risk factors that account for the pronounced disparity in outcome observed between nondiabetic white and black recipients.