tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic variability of Filipino ?�-thalassemia/HbE patients in Indonesia
Authors: Iswari Setianingsih, Robert Williamson, Dasril Daud, Alida Harahap, Sangkot Marzuki, Susan Forrest
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Three Indonesian patients with identical genotypes, each compound heterozygotes for Filipino β°-thalassemia/HbE, expressed different clinical severities. One patient has mild disease and is transfusion independent, while the other two are severely affected and transfusion dependent. The size of the Filipino β°-globin gene deletion was confirmed to be 45 kb, resolving conflicting values given in the literature. Neither ameliorating genetic factors such as α-globin gene deletions or the XmnI restriction site polymorphism at position -158 upstream of the Gγ-globin gene, nor differences in β-globin gene haplotype, explain the phenotypic variation. These observations have implications for the development of antenatal diagnosis in Indonesia, as at present it is not possible to give an accurate prediction of severity of phenotype for this common genotype. Am. J. Hematol. 62:7–12, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
THE EDUCATION OF MYOPES
Authors: F. W. Edridge-Green
Journal: BMJ (1923)

I MY.DICAL JOgENAL I I I;Lonidon hospital lhad 42 chloroform fatalities in eight years.And tlis hospital was not alonie in its misfortunes.Dr., Samways says that " Ether as an anaesthetic riequires a comnplicated apparatus."It does not.With " open " ether, which is the ideal, any simple apparatus like Rendle's inhaler, or even a tumbler with a towel aind sp)onge, is sufficient.The Clover inhaler and all other closed apparatus forcing the patient to rebreathe his own poison are a mistake.Dr. Samways thinks if the trutuh were known that " If after-effects could be taken into accounit and, tabulated," ether might present the darker picture.Where is this truth to be found?Not in the coronler's court, because the patients do not die; not in the experience of the anaesthetists who use the " open" ' etlher method, for they are unhesitatinig in its praise.Many years ago, when I first wrote on this subject, I saw a statement by an Anmericani surgeon that at that time in all Philadelphia there was only one expert anaesthetist, and that although the ether was generally administered by non-experts there was almost no mortality under anaesthesia.Dr. Samways gives details of his method of giving chloroform, and implies that if others would do likewise tlhings would be all right.He says that deaths under anaesthesia are very rarelv the direct fault of the anaesthetic.If this were true, then the fault nmust be with the aniaesthetist.Every Londoni hospital has one or several expert anaesthetists who devote most of their time to the practice of anaesthesia.Are we to assume that these gentlemen are all duffers?-I am, etc., London, WV., June 22nd.
Linoleate and Fatty-acid Patterns of Serum Lipids in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Diseases
Authors: W. C. Love, A. Cashell, M. Reynolds, N. Callaghan
Journal: BMJ (1974)

The linoleic acid content of serum lipids was measured in 47 patients with multiple sclerosis, 29 patients with other neurological diseases, 35 patients with acute non-neurological illnesses, and 49 healthy control subjects. Reduced linoleic acid content of serum lipids was not specific to multiple sclerosis and occurred in all ill patients with acute non-neurological illness. The fatty-acid pattern of serum lipids in illness resembles that of essential fatty-acid deficiency. It seems that this pattern of reduced linoleic acid content with increased oleic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acid content may be a general phenomenon in ill patients.
Flow cytometric DNA content analysis on squamous cell carcinomas according to the preceding lesions
Authors: A. TAMURA, K. OHNISHI, O. ISHIKAWA, Y. MIYACHI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

DNA-ploidy in primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas which had developed from different preceding clinical lesions was examined by flow cytometry using paraffin-embedded blocks. DNA-aneuploidy was detected in none of 15 squamous cell carcinomas arising from a burn scar. On the other hand, 12 of 26 squamous cell carcinomas arising from sun-damaged skin in the elderly, and two of four arising from chronic radiodermatitis, showed aneuploid patterns. A significantly higher incidence of DNA-aneuploidy was observed in squamous cell carcinomas arising from sun-damaged skin than those from a burn scar (P < 0.01); the mean diameter size of the former was significantly smaller than that of the latter (P < 0.0001). The mean age of patients with aneuploid tumours (74.2 +/- 9.2: years +/- standard deviation (SD)) was significantly higher than that with diploid tumours (64.1 +/- 13.8) (P < 0.01).
Pathogenesis of Hypertension
Authors: Paul G. Jenkins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters20 July 2004Pathogenesis of HypertensionPaul G. Jenkins, MDPaul G. Jenkins, MDFrom Milwaukee, WI 53212.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-2-200407200-00022-w1 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In the comprehensive and detailed review “Pathogenesis of Hypertension” by Oparil and colleagues (1), I was surprised by the repeated use of the term essential hypertension. I am probably only one of too many physicians who have incorrectly assumed for too many years that “essential” meant idiopathic. But, of course, it does not. Essential means necessary, and the term essential hypertension is an oxymoron. Blood pressure is what is essential, not hypertension.However, truly egregious is our continued use of the term benign to modify “hypertension,” essential or otherwise, as required by the American Medical Association and ...References1. Oparil S, Zaman MA, Calhoun DA. Pathogenesis of hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:761-76. [PMID: 14597461] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Kaplan NM. Kaplan's Clinical Hypertension. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2002:57. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Milwaukee, WI 53212. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPathogenesis of Hypertension Suzanne Oparil , M. Amin Zaman , and David A. Calhoun Metrics Cited byIn Reply 20 July 2004Volume 141, Issue 2Page: W-25KeywordsBlood pressureHypertensionInternational classification of diseases ninth revisionPathogenesisPatient advocacyPrimary hypertension ePublished: 20 July 2004 Issue Published: 20 July 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
600 Evaluation of a predictive model for severe hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: A COLLI, A COLUCCI, S PAGGI, M FRAQUELLI, S MASSIRONI, M ANDREOLETTI, E ZUCCOLI, D CONTE
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Peromyscus leucopus, the white-footed mouse, is one of the more abundant mammals of North America and is a major reservoir host for at least five tickborne diseases of humans, including Lyme disease and a newly-recognized form of relapsing fever. In comparison to Mus musculus, which is not a natural reservoir for any of these infections, there has been little research on experimental infections in P. leucopus. With the aim of further characterizing the diversity of phenotypes of host responses, we studied a selection of quantitative traits in colony-bred and -reared outbred P. leucopus adults that were uninfected, infected with the relapsing fever agent Borrelia hermsii alone, or infected after immunization with Lyme disease vaccine antigen OspA and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The methods included measurements of organ weights, hematocrits, and bleeding times, quantitative PCR for bacterial burdens, and enzyme immunoassays for serum antibodies against both the immunization proteins and cellular antigens of the infecting organism. The results included the following: (i) uninfected animals displayed wide variation in relative sizes of their spleens and in their bleeding times. (ii) In an experiment with matched littermates, no differences were observed between females and males at 7 days of infection in bacterial burdens in blood and spleen, relative spleen size, or antibody responses to the B. hermsii specific-antigen, FbpC. (iii) In studies of larger groups of males or females, the wide variations between bacterial burdens and in relative spleen sizes between individuals was confirmed. (iv) In these separate groups of males and females, all animals showed moderate-to-high levels of antibodies to KLH but wide variation in antibody levels to OspA and to FbpC. The study demonstrated the diversity of host responses to infection and immunization in this species and identified quantitative traits that may be suitable for forward genetics approaches to reservoir-pathogen interactions.
The Subphrenic Spaces and the Emperor's New Robes
Authors: David P. Boyd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

IT would be more affectation than candor if I did not acknowledge my sense of pleasure on this occasion. When one contemplates the roster of previous orators, 157 in all, it is apparent that it includes some of the greatest physicians in the history of Massachusetts. When one further scans the subjects chosen by these giants of the past, it becomes evident that they have been widely dissimilar. Some of my predecessors have preferred what was obviously an abiding medical or surgical passion, and the resulting discourse is the distillate of a lifetime's preoccupation. Others have found this an opportunity . . .
Axel Munthe and The Story of San Michele
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2006)

He loved birds, flowers, and especially dogs, which he thought were easier to understand and to love than men. He travelled widely, from Lapland in his native Sweden to Italy, where he built the villa of San Michele at Anacapri on the ruins of Tiberius's palace. In Naples he witnessed the dying gathered in heaps and thrown into cholera mass graves dead or alive. In Messina he saw people crushed to death during a …
Gastric acid and pancreatic polypeptide responses to modified sham feeding. Effects of truncal and parietal cell vagotomy.
Authors: S J Konturek, T Popiela, M Slowiaczek, W Bielanski
Journal: Gut (1987)

The effects of truncal vagotomy and parietal cell vagotomy on gastric acid secretion and plasma gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide release were studied in 28 duodenal ulcer patients under basal conditions and after modified sham feeding and infusion of pentagastrin (2 micrograms/kg/h). Before vagotomy gastric acid output in response to modified sham feeding was significantly higher than basal acid secretion in all subjects tested and reached about 45% of the pentagastrin maximum. No difference in the increase in acid response, or in the pancreatic polypeptide response to modified sham feeding was found between patients with high and low basal secretion. Plasma gastrin concentration was unaltered by modified sham feeding before and after truncal vagotomy or parietal cell vagotomy, although after vagotomy it tended to reach higher values than before this procedure. After truncal vagotomy, basal pancreatic polypeptide concentration was decreased and modified sham feeding-induced pancreatic polypeptide increment was completely eliminated. Four weeks after parietal cell vagotomy, the modified sham feeding-induced increment in plasma pancreatic polypeptide was significantly decreased and observed only in seven of 12 patients. Four to five years after parietal cell vagotomy all subjects responded to modified sham feeding with pancreatic polypeptide increment similar to that before vagotomy and in three of 12 patients acid response to modified sham feeding was seen. This study indicates that truncal vagotomy eliminates gastric acid and plasma pancreatic polypeptide responses to vagal excitation while parietal cell vagotomy abolishes gastric acid response and reduces temporarily the pancreatic polypeptide response to modified sham feeding (possibly because of transient impairment of the vagal innervation of the pancreas). (2) A high ratio of basal to maximal acid output in non-operated duodenal ulcer patients is not associated with a low acid response to modified sham feeding, nor with a high pancreatic polypeptide concentration, and (3) Restitution of the pancreatic polypeptide response to modified sham feeding five years after parietal cell vagotomy does not indication ineffective denervation of the parietal cells.
DECELERATION TIME OF THE LEFT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT FLOW VELOCITY : A USEFUL DOPPLER PARAMETER FOR DYNAMIC ARTERIAL STIFFNESS DURING EXERCISE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: Chi Young Shim, Sungha Park, Donghoon Choi, Woo-In Yang, In-Jeong Cho, Sung-Ai Kim, Sun-Ha Moon, Jin-Mi Kim, Eui-Young Choi, Namsik Chung, Jong-Won Ha
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
A 3-DIMENSIONAL MATRIX ASSAY THAT MAY HELP PREDICT TREATMENT RESPONSE TO TEMOZOLOMIDE IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOBASTOMA: SUBGROUP ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING MGMT TESTING
Authors: J. F. Megyesi, P. Costello, W. McDonald, D. Macdonald, J. Easaw
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: (blind field). METHODS: Records for patients treated for newly diagnosed or recurrent glioblastoma were analyzed. All patients had undergone surgical resection and tumor specimens at time of surgery were available for culture in a 3-dimensional matrix assay and observed for growth and invasion. Drug effects on mean invasion and growth were expressed as a ratio relative to control conditions. Length of survival was compared between temozolomide treated patients whose screening results had predicted a positive or negative response to temozolomide. The MGMT status of a subgroup of these patients was analyzed and correlated with the response of tumor tissue in the assay to temozolomide. RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients with glioblastoma were assessed. Each patient's tumor displayed a unique invasion and response profile. We looked in particular at the correlation between the outcome of a patient with glioblastoma treated with temozolomide and the response of that patient's tumor tissue to temozolomide in the 3-dimensional assay. Mean survival time for patients whose tumors were not significantly sensitive to temozolomide in the assay was 181.7 +/- 43 days. Mean survival time for patients whose tumors were significantly sensitive to temozolomide in the assay was 290.0 +/- 33 days. Twelve patients underwent MGMT testing. In 10 of the 12 patients there was a correlation between tumor response in the assay and MGMT status. CONCLUSIONS: The 3-dimensional assay may help predict glioblastoma patients who will show a treatment response to temozolomide. There appears to be a positive correlation between the response profiles in the assay to the MGMT status of the patient's tumor. SECONDARY CATEGORY: n/a.
Megadose Vitamins
Authors: Daniel Rudman, Patricia Jo Williams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The medical use of vitamins, which began in the 18th century, can be divided into three eras: the prevention or treatment of diseases of deficiency, the treatment of vitamin-responsive inborn errors of metabolism, and the currently popular "orthomolecular" megadosage.In 1753 James Lind, a Scottish naval surgeon, proved that lemons and oranges could prevent scurvy in British sailors during lengthy voyages. Subsequently, the antiscorbutic factor was shown to be ascorbic acid. The first of 13 vitamins was thus identified. In quantities that range from micrograms to milligrams, these essential organic micronutrients are required daily to prevent a syndrome of deficiency . . .
A closer look at intravascular hemolysis (IVH) following intravenous anti-D for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
Authors: Michael D. Tarantino, James B. Bussel, Douglas B. Cines, Keith R. McCrae, Terry Gernsheimer, Howard A. Liebman, Wing-Yen Wong, Roshni Kulkarni, Eric Grabowski, Robert McMillan
Journal: Blood (2007)
THE KAHN PRECIPITATION TEST FOR SYPHILIS
Authors: J. G. HOPKINS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Among the recent contributions made by American investigators to our methods for the control of venereal diseases, one of the most important is the precipitation test for syphilis described by R. L. Kahn of the Bureau of Laboratories of the Michigan department of health. Kahn's work has aroused the interest of all who are engaged in the clinical or laboratory diagnosis of syphilis, and it was thought worth while to bring together in some measure the experience of various workers with this method. With this purpose a questionnaire was sent to workers throughout the country who were known to be studying the Kahn reaction. The replies to the inquiry, together with published papers on the same subject, form the basis of this report. First, a word is necessary explanatory of the purpose of study along the lines which Kahn has followed. Since the discovery of the Wassermann reaction in 1906,
Assessment of antithrombotic agents: effects of dipyridamole analogues on platelet behaviour
Authors: J. R. HAMPTON, M. J. G. HARRISON, A. J. HONOUR, J. R. A MITCHELL, J. S. PRICHARD
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

Sixteen analogues of dipyridamole have been examined for their effectiveness in modifying ADP— and noradrenaline-induced aggregation and electrophoretic mobility change, and for their antithrombotic action in injured rabbit arteries. No clear relationship has been demonstrated between the potency of the analogues in modifying the three test systems and no correlation could be shown between the chemical configuration of the analogues and their activity. VK 774 is the most potent analogue so far examined.
Hypoglycemic Coma Associated with Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion by Portable Pump
Authors: Dennis R Lock, Lee A Rigg
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

The incidence of hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetic patients managed by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) has been reported to be very low. We report a case of hypoglycemia coma occurring in a highly compliant and intelligent patient while on CSII by a portable pump. Factors contributing to this episode included high risk off hypoglycemia due to tight control, failure to recognize early hypoglycemic symptoms, and maintenance of hypoglycemia for over 2 h by the open-loop device. Hypoglycemia is a complication of CSII by portable pump. We join others in recommending its use solely by experienced physicians. Constant supervision of patients while on CSII is important to eliminate this potentially lethal complication.
Pulmonary Aspiration of Gastric Contents in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: The Effect of Body Position
Authors: Antoni Torres, Joan Serra-Batlles, Emilio Ros, Carles Piera, Jorge Puig de la Bellacasa, Albert Cobos, Francisco Lomeña, Robert Rodríguez-Roisin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To determine if the semirecumbent position (45-degree angle) decreases aspiration of gastric contents to the airways in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients. Design: A randomized, two-period crossover trial. Setting: Respiratory intensive care unit. Patients: Nineteen patients requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Interventions: Patients were studied in the supine and semirecumbent positions on two separate days. Measurements: After technetium (Tc)-99m sulphur colloid labeling of gastric contents, sequential radioactive counts in endobronchial secretions were measured at 30-minute intervals over a 5-hour period. Samples of endobronchial secretions, gastric juice, and pharyngeal contents were obtained for qualitative bacterial cultures. Results: Mean radioactive counts in endobronchial secretions were higher in samples obtained while patients were in the supine position than in those obtained while patients were in the semirecumbent position (4154 cpm compared with 954 cpm; P = 0.036). Moreover, the aspiration pattern was time-dependent for each position: For the supine position, radioactivity was 298 cpm at 30 min and 2592 cpm at 300 min (P = 0.013); for the semirecumbent position, radioactivity was 103 cpm at 30 min and 216 cpm at 300 min (P = 0.04). The same microorganisms were isolated from stomach, pharynx, and endobronchial samples in 32% of studies done while patients were semirecumbent and in 68% of studies done while patients were in the supine position. Conclusions: We conclude that the supine position and length of time the patient is kept in this position are potential risk factors for aspiration of gastric contents. Elevating the head of the bed for patients who can tolerate the semirecumbent position may be a simple, no-cost prophylactic measure.
Treatment of Hypertension in the Elderly
Authors: Hong I. Tjoa, Norman M. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Hypertension, both combined diastolic plus systolic and isolated systolic, is common in the elderly. Elderly hypertensive patients pose a number of diagnostic dilemmas, including pseudohypertension, postural and postprandial decreases in blood pressure, and the potential for renovascular hypertension. Data from large clinical trials have documented protection from cardiovascular complications by antihypertensive therapy for elderly people with combined systolic and diastolic hypertension. However, no data are available concerning the value of therapy for those with isolated systolic hypertension. Until such data become available from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program in 1991, cautious reduction of elevated systolic blood pressure levels is recommended. The fragile physiologic characteristics of the elderly demand caution and gentleness in the use of any therapy to lower blood pressure. Nondrug therapies are safe and may be effective. A variety of drugs are available and can be used to gradually reduce blood pressure to presumably safer levels.
1071 CONVENTIONAL AND DC-Beads-MEDIATED TRANSARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION: ANY DIFFERENCE IN NEOANGIOGENESIS?
Authors: G. Castelli, R. Cardin, M. Piciocchi, V. Vanin, C. Pozzan, V. Iurilli, A. Giacomin, G. Maddalo, A. Gazzola, F. Farinati
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Anomalous left coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery. Report on 15 cases.
Authors: J Askenazi, A S Nadas
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Fifteen infants and children with the diagnosis of anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk have been encountered at the Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts from 1958 to 1973. After thorough clinical and laboratory evaluation, they have been treated by anticongestive measures. Nine patients have had ligation of the anomalous left coronary artery at its entrance into the pulmonary artery; one patient has undergone coronary bypass surgery. The lelctrocardiogram proved to be the most helpful diagnostic clinical laboratory test, Vectorcardiograms are valuable not only in diagnosis but also in the follow-up of the patients from the prognostic point of view. The most sensitive tool for the definitive diagnosis is an aortic rool angiogram; we have no false negatives or false positives with this method. The twelve patients with complete cardiac catheterization data could be divided into three groups, according to the pressure and magnitude of the left-to-right shunt at the pulmonary level. All patients with an appreciable le?T-TO-RIGHT SHUNT SURVIVED. Patients in whom no left-to-right shunt could be demonstrated by angiography died. Half of the patients with only small left-to-right shunt survived; The results of surgical and medical treatment, were identical within the three groups. Medical management in infancy, according to coronary care principles, with definitive surgical correction at a later age, is the preferred treatment. Ligation of the anomalous left coronary artery is recommended in severely symptomatic infants with documented left-to-right shunt at the pulmonary artery level, who do not respond to medical management.