tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thermally induced formation of polychlorinated dibenzofurans from Aroclor 1254-contaminated mineral oil.
Authors: R S Narang, K Swami, V Stein, R Smith, P O'Keefe, K Aldous, D Hilker, G Eadon, C Vernoy, A S Narang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Numerous laboratory simulations and real-world events have demonstrated the thermal conversion of neat or high concentration of PCBs into the much more toxic PCDFs. Since millions of mineral oil transformers currently in service contain PCB concentrations in the 50 to 5000 ppm range, the thermal behavior of dilute PCB solutions is of practical and regulatory significance. In this work, neat Aroclor 1254 and 5000 ppm Aroclor 1254 in mineral oil were subjected to pyrolysis and combustion under a range of experimental conditions to define parameters resulting in maximal PCDF yields. The dependence of PCDF yield on Aroclor 1254 concentrations was then investigated in the 5000 to 50 ppm range. Combustion experiments demonstrated that PCDF yields expressed as micrograms PCDF/gram PCB were independent of concentration range, confirming that the process is kinetically first order in PCB. Much lower yields of PCDF were observed in the open tube pyrolysis experiments, as compared to combustion experiments and to earlier and concurrent sealed tube experiments. Slightly improved yields were observed in the pyrolysis experiments at lower concentrations, suggesting the existence of a PCB or PCDF destruction process of higher than first order kinetics. In all cases, yields expressed as micrograms PCDF/gram mixture were sharply and monotonically lower as concentrations decreased between neat or 5000 ppm Aroclor 1254 and 50 ppm Aroclor 1254.
Antisense src expression inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and its association with Grb2 and Sos which leads to MAP kinase activation in U937 human leukemia cells
Authors: M Yamaguchi, T Tanaka, M Waki, A Kitanaka, H Kamano, Y Kubota, H Ohnishi, J Takahara, S Irino
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
A Lecture on the Value of the Imperfectly-Descended Testis, the Advisability of Operation, and the Value of the Operations Performed for its Relief: A Post-graduate Lecture delivered at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street
Authors: E. M. Corner
Journal: BMJ (1904)

mo salpingitis, no threatenings of phlegmasia alba dolens?Is it not possible that with a more rigid system of sterilizing our instruments, our hands, and our midwifery bag, we might reduce that troublesome morbidity also to a vanishing point?Credo.
Calorie Restriction Modulates Renal Expression of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins, Lipid Accumulation, and Age-Related Renal Disease
Authors: Tao Jiang, Scott E. Liebman, M. Scott Lucia, Carrie L. Phillips, Moshe Levi
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP) are major regulators of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. This study found that age-related renal matrix deposition and proteinuria were associated with increased renal expression of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 and increased renal accumulation of triglyceride and cholesterol. Because calorie restriction (CR) modulates age-related renal disease, it then was determined whether the effects of CR are mediated partially by modulation of renal lipid metabolism. Compared with ad libitum (AL)-fed 24-month-old (24 m) F344BN rats, CR resulted in significant decreases in extracellular matrix accumulation (periodic acid-Schiff staining and immunofluorescence of type IV collagen and fibronectin) and proteinuria. A significant decrease was also observed in the renal expression of growth factors (connective tissue growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor) and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). These structural and functional changes were associated with significant decreases in renal nuclear SREBP-1 (5.2 in 24 m AL versus 3.3 densitometry units in 24 m CR; P < 0.01) and SREBP-2 (7.1 in 24 m AL versus 4.1 densitometry units in 24 m CR; P < 0.01) protein abundance and renal triglyceride and cholesterol contents. It is interesting that serum leptin level was significantly increased as a function of aging, and CR resulted in significant reduction in serum leptin level. Because it was shown previously that increased renal expression of SREBP-1a per se caused renal lipid accumulation, glomerulosclerosis, and proteinuria, the results suggest that CR modulates age-related renal disease in part by modulation of renal SREBP expression and renal lipid accumulation.
The Role of Normative Traditions in Bioethics
Authors: Charles C. Camosy
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. See in particular Walker and Klein (Citation2003). Charles Curran's chapter, in particular, details how “medical ethics was a well-developed subdiscipline of moral theology in the Roman Catholic tradition” by 1966—well before moral philosophy and other disciplines started taking it seriously. Received secular wisdom often suggests that (explicitly) religious traditions are somehow especially prone to violence and war—and this might be good example of “ideological excess.” But in a recent book that devastates this suggestion, William Cavanaugh (Citation2009) shows how it is historically inaccurate and philosophically imprecise.
Coronary Arterial Lesions in Chickens
Authors: HERBERT L. RATCLIFFE, ROBERT L. SNYDER
Journal: Circulation Research (1965)

Single-comb, Hy-line white leghorns were hatched in one lot, brooded in one flock through 7 weeks, then assigned randomly to cages in one large room with 15 hours of light per day. The birds were studied in the following situations: a) separately caged cocks and hens, b) paired cocks and hens, and c) 3 cock-3 hen groups and 6 cock-6 hen groups. Basic space allowance was 2 square ft per bird which was increased to 8 square ft for some of the larger groups. Commercial rations and water were supplied ad libitum. Stenosing lesions of the intramural coronary arteries began development in cocks and hens before age 7 weeks (10 to 12 weeks before sexual maturity) and progressed with age. Progress, as measured by heart scores, was not influenced by space allowance but was related to social situation. The rate for separately caged cocks was significantly higher than for other birds. Cocks of the larger groups and cocks of the pairs were next in order, while heart scores for cocks of the smaller groups were third but not significantly higher than for grouped hens. Heart scores of grouped hens sometimes exceeded heart scores for cocks of corresponding groups. High mean heart scores for grouped cocks correlated with high mean heart scores for hens of their groups, and low heart scores for grouped cocks with low scores for hens of their groups.
A Comparative Analysis of Mitochondrial Genomes in Coleoptera (Arthropoda: Insecta) and Genome Descriptions of Six New Beetles
Authors: N. C. Sheffield, H. Song, S. L. Cameron, M. F. Whiting
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

Coleoptera is the most diverse group of insects with over 360,000 described species divided into four suborders: Adephaga, Archostemata, Myxophaga, and Polyphaga. In this study, we present six new complete mitochondrial genome (mtgenome) descriptions, including a representative of each suborder, and analyze the evolution of mtgenomes from a comparative framework using all available coleopteran mtgenomes. We propose a modification of atypical cox1 start codons based on sequence alignment to better reflect the conservation observed across species as well as findings of TTG start codons in other genes. We also analyze tRNA-Ser(AGN) anticodons, usually GCU in arthropods, and report a conserved UCU anticodon as a possible synapomorphy across Polyphaga. We further analyze the secondary structure of tRNA-Ser(AGN) and present a consensus structure and an updated covariance model that allows tRNAscan-SE (via the COVE software package) to locate and fold these atypical tRNAs with much greater consistency. We also report secondary structure predictions for both rRNA genes based on conserved stems. All six species of beetle have the same gene order as the ancestral insect. We report noncoding DNA regions, including a small gap region of about 20 bp between tRNA-Ser(UCN) and nad1 that is present in all six genomes, and present results of a base composition analysis.
The Picture of Health: Images of Medicine and Pharmacy
Authors: Harriet S. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (1992)

The Picture of Health is the catalogue of an exhibit of illustrative prints with medical content. All are from the collection of William H. Helfand, a former Merck & Co executive who has given generously from more than 25 000 items to the Philadelphia Museum of Art's Ars Medica holdings. (It is worth distinguishing The Picture of Health from Pictures of Health: A Photographic History of Health Care in Philadelphia , 1860-1945, by Golden and Rosenberg, also from the University of Pennsylvania Press, reviewed in the October 16, 1991, issue of JAMA .)  Mr Helfand writes in the preface, ... I would be the first to admit that occasionally the medical aspect is only marginal, but it has been a necessary condition for me to acquire these works. Reproduced are 160 posters, caricatures, and ephemera, with essays on each category by Patricia Eckert Boyer, Judith Wechsler, and Maurice Rickards. The selections are mainly
Production of Epigastric Pain in Duodenal Ulcer by Lower Oesophageal Acid Perfusion
Authors: R. J. Earlam
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Thirty-six patients with duodenal ulceration were divided into group 1 (30), who had epigastric pain, and group 2 (6), who had pain in the upper abdomen but not in the epigastrium, and were studied by perfusing the lower oesophagus with dilute acid in an attempt to reproduce epigastric pain. In group 1, 25 suffered epigastric pain, indistinguishable from that which they normally had, after perfusion of 30 ml. of 0.1N HC1 in under four minutes (mean values), but none of group 2 had pain.
Dermatological Signs of Internal Disease
Authors: Daniel G. Federman
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
βMinor-globin messenger RNA accumulation in reticulocytes governs improved erythropoiesis in β thalassemic mice after erythropoietin complementary DNA electrotransfer in muscles
Authors: Selda Samakoglu, Elena Fattori, Stefania Lamartina, Carlo Toniatti, Daniel Stockholm, Jean Michel Heard, Delphine Bohl
Journal: Blood (2001)
Multibolus Technique for Measuring the Distribution of Cerebral Blood Flow over Short Intervals in Man
Authors: JARL RISBERG, DAVID H. INGVAR
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

Repeated measurements of cerebral blood flow distribution were made in man at 1-minute intervals: a 133 xenon solution was injected into the internal carotid artery, and gamma radiation was recorded extracranially in multiple hemispheric regions. In each study, a full-length 133 xenon clearance curve was recorded for 15 minutes and a series of about 15 equal isotope injections separated by 1-minute intervals was given. Following each injection in this multibolus series, a sudden increase in activity was recorded from each brain region. The complete series yielded a slowly rising sawtooth curve for each region; the perpendicular heights of these curves are a measure of the amount of isotope arriving at each region of the brain following each injection and this amount of isotope is proportional to the flow in the region, according to the bolus-fractionation principle. The reproducibility of the method during steady-state conditions was tested in four subjects, and the standard error of measurement was found to be 4%. In four other subjects a visual memory test was given during five of the determinations, and it caused transient flow changes in the occipital regions.
Definitions and Diagnosis of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Marius M. Hoeper, Harm Jan Bogaard, Robin Condliffe, Robert Frantz, Dinesh Khanna, Marcin Kurzyna, David Langleben, Alessandra Manes, Toru Satoh, Fernando Torres, Martin R. Wilkins, David B. Badesch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Higher risk of injury in overweight novice runners
Authors: I Buist, S W Bredeweg
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Increased physical activity is often recommended for weight maintenance and loss. Therefore many overweight persons want to take up running as a form of exercise. Although running has positive effects on health and fitness, the incidence of a running related injury (RRI) is high. Objective To examine the risk of sustaining a RRI in overweight novice runners. Design prospective cohort design. Setting Novice runners (N=848) preparing for a recreational 4-mile (6.7-km) running event. Participants Participants were recruited by local newspapers. 334 novice runners with a Body mass index (BMI) of 25 or more and 514 novice runners with a BMI less than 25 started with a beginners training program. Assessment of risk factors After completing a baseline questionnaire and orthopaedic examination all novice runners registered information on running characteristics and RRI using an Internet-based running log. Main outcome measurement The primary outcome measure was RRIs per 100 participants. An RRI was defined as any musculoskeletal complaint of the lower extremity or back causing a restriction of running for at least 1 week. Secondary outcome measure was exposure time during follow-up. Results 25% (82 of 334) of the overweight novice runners sustained a RRI during follow-up compared to 15% (76 of 514) in the group of participants with BMI&lt;25. The difference in proportion was significant (χ 2 =4.77, df=1, p=0.03). Furthermore, the mean exposure time in both groups was equal, that is, 346 versus 349 min in the overweight group. Conclusion Overweight novice runners that take up running are more prone to a RRI. Although the proportion of injured runners in the overweight group was significantly higher, the exposure time was equal in both groups.
The Definition of Alcoholism-Reply
Authors: Daniel K. Flavin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The thoughtful letter from Drs Howard and Donovan serves to highlight some of the difficulties in communicating the concept of a revised definition of alcoholism to a widely varied audience of scientists, clinicians, and laypersons. We welcome the opportunity to respond to their critique and hope to clarify some of the confusion about denial. We disagree with their judgment that our definition is "vague." To the contrary, we have been quite specific, given the length of our article, about the nature of this defense mechanism, its clinical ubiquity, and its roots in biopsychosocial phenomena. Further, we do not think there is "inadequate empirical justification" for including this construct. In fact, the lion's share of justification is just that—empirical. The difficulties have arisen more in scientific attempts to define, delineate, describe, and measure the denial process. Virtually all experienced clinicians point to the denial mechanism as a key construct
Origin of Leprosy in Hawaii.
Authors: E. S. Goodhue
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Koloa, Kauai, H. I., Dec. 15., 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your issue of November 17 last you say editorially in regard to the origin of leprosy in Hawaii, its protection by the chiefs, etc.: "The missionary physicians soon learned to recognize it, and one of them, Dr. Dwight Baldwin, it is said, made a report of it, stating the facts of its origin.... So long as the Hawaiian monarchy existed, segregation of lepers, though legally demanded, was very imperfectly carried out, owing, it is said, to the interference in high places.... The isolation law is an unpopular one with the natives.... These data were obtained from the Honolulu<i>Commercial Advertiser</i>, whose authority for the main facts is the Rev. Sereno Bishop....<i>We hare not seen this bit of medical history narrated elsewhere</i>." In my article on leprosy, which appeared in the<i>New York Medical Record</i>of Jan. 27. 1900,
Abstract 2607: Genetic variants in the vitamin D pathway and breast cancer disease free survival
Authors: Mala Pande, Patricia A. Thompson, Suk-Young Yoo, Kim-Anh Do, Aysegul A. Sahin, Christopher I. Amos, Melissa Bondy, Abenaa Brewster
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Objective. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with poor outcomes in patients with breast cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 7 Vitamin D-related genes and disease free survival (DFS). We hypothesized that vitamin D-related genes may modify breast cancer DFS. Methods. A total of 102 SNPs in Vitamin D pathway genes were explored as predictors of DFS among 1030 stage I/II breast cancer patients treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center between 1985 and 2000. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina GoldenGate array. We applied recursive partitioning tree analysis (RPART) to explore interactions of variables predictive of DFS including vitamin D-related SNPs, age at diagnosis, race, stage, nuclear grade, estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor status, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and BMI. Results. Results from partitioning identified chemotherapy as the optimum first split for DFS where patients receiving chemotherapy experienced longer DFS. In patients receiving chemotherapy (n=540), SNP rs1118569 (RXRA) followed by rs10881583 (RXRA) were associated with greater DFS. Patients with two major alleles of rs1118569 had the best outcome, whereas those with two minor alleles of rs10881583 and one or two minor rs1118569 alleles had poorer DFS. In patients who did not receive chemotherapy (n=482), stage I patients had longer DFS than stage II. Further, stage I patients who were homozygous for any allele of rs2248098 (VDR) had longer DFS. Among the stage II patients, those with ER/PR negative tumors had poorer DFS with heterozygous carriers of rs344781 in PLAUR having the worst DFS. Conclusion. While exploratory, we show that chemotherapy, stage, ER and PR status and vitamin D-related pathway polymorphisms but not race/ethnicity modified disease free survival in early stage breast cancer patients. Validation of vitamin D-related pathway genes as genetic determinants of patient outcomes would offer insights on alternative approaches for the secondary prevention of breast cancer recurrence considering clinical pathological and treatment characteristics of the patient population. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2607. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2607
Genetic Diversity and Selection at the Plasmodium vivax Apical Membrane Antigen-1 (PvAMA-1) Locus in a Sri Lankan Population
Authors: A. M. Gunasekera, T. Wickramarachchi, D. E. Neafsey, I. Ganguli, L. Perera, P. H. Premaratne, D. Hartl, S. M. Handunnetti, P. V. Udagama-Randeniya, D. F. Wirth
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Plasmodium vivax apical membrane antigen 1 (PvAMA-1) is an important malaria vaccine candidate. We present the first comprehensive analysis of nucleotide diversity across the entire PvAMA-1 gene using a single population sample from Sri Lanka. In contrast to what has been observed at the AMA-1 locus of Plasmodium falciparum, the signature of diversifying selection is seen most strongly in Domain II of PvAMA-1, indicating that the different domains in each species may be subject to varying selective pressures and functional constraints. We also find that recombination plays an important role in generating haplotype diversity at this locus, even in a region of low endemicity such as Sri Lanka. Mapping of diversity and recombination hotspots onto a 3-dimensional structural model of the protein indicates that one surface of the molecule may be particularly likely to bear epitopes for antibody recognition. Regions of this surface that show constrained variability may prove to be promising vaccine targets.
‘Hospital at home’ care model as an effective alternative in the management of decompensated chronic heart failure
Authors: Humberto Mendoza, María Jesús Martín, Angel García, Fernando Arós, Felipe Aizpuru, José Regalado De Los Cobos, María Concepción Belló, Pedro Lopetegui, Juan Miguel Cia
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Fibronectin as predictor of cirrhosis in men who abuse alcohol
Authors: J. Junge, K. D Bentsen, P. Christoffersen, M. Orholm, T. I A Sorensen, T. Horn
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In a study of 142 male alcohol abusers without evidence of cirrhosis the presence of intralobular fibronectin in the liver was investigated in relation to the subsequent development of the disease. All 142 initial biopsy samples showed preserved architecture. During a follow up period of 10-13 years 23 patients (16%) developed cirrhosis. Twelve of 110 patients with normal or slightly increased amounts of parenchymal fibronectin in the initial biopsy specimen developed cirrhosis, whereas eight out of 27 patients with moderately increased amounts and three out of five with significantly increased amounts later developed the disease (p&lt;0·005). Semiquantitative assessment of the amount of parenchymal fibronectin at an early stage of alcoholic liver disease is of definite predictive value for the development of cirrhosis.
Finite-Element Model for the Mechanical Behavior of the Left Ventricle
Authors: RONALD F. JANZ, ARTHUR F. GRIMM
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

A finite-element model is used to analyze the mechanical behavior of the left ventricle. The ventricle is treated as a heterogeneous, linearly elastic, thickwalled solid of revolution. The inner third of the ventricular wall is assumed to be transversely isotropic with a longitudinal Young's modulus, transverse modulus, and shear modulus of 60 g/cm 2 , 30 g/cm 2 , and 15.5 g/cm 2 , respectively. In the outer two-thirds of the ventricular wall the myocardium is assumed to be isotropic with a Young's modulus of 60 g/cm 2 . Polsson's ratio is assumed to be equal to 0.45 throughout the ventricular wall. The valvular ring at the base of the ventricle is simulated by a homogeneous layer cf collagen. The model appears to predict gross free-wall deformation in the left ventricle of the potassium-arrested rat heart fixed in situ. The presence of a relatively compliant transversely isotropic region near the endocardial surface results in significantly lower axial and circumferential stresses in this region than are present in a homogeneous, isotropic model. The presence of a simulated valvular ring results in a concentration ofrelatively large stresses near the base of the ventricle.