tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
How to Implement Evidence Into Practice to Improve Diabetes Care: Response to Ilag et al.
Authors: Tipu Faiz M. Saleem
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

In their article, Ilag et al. (1) used the Annual Diabetes Assessment Program (ADAP) as a model to improve the standard of care for patients with type 2 diabetes. Despite established guidelines for type 2 diabetes, the majority of patients in the U.S. do not reach these goals (2). Various approaches have been used, including disease management programs, physician education, nurse case management, and use of information systems to translate evidence-based recommendations into clinical practice (3). …
Comprehensive allelotype study of hepatocellular carcinoma: Potential differences in pathways to hepatocellular carcinoma between hepatitis B virus–positive and–negative tumors
Authors: Hiroshi Okabe, Iwao Ikai, Koichi Matsuo, Seiji Satoh, Hirohito Momoi, Tatsuhiko Kamikawa, Nagato Katsura, Ryuta Nishitai, Osamu Takeyama, Manabu Fukumoto, Yoshio Yamaoka
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

To examine the role of the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in hepatitis-related carcinogenesis, we performed a genome-wide scan of LOH in 44 tumors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using 216 microsatellite markers throughout all human chromosomes. A high frequency of LOH (>30% of informative cases) was observed at 33 loci on chromosome arms 4q, 6q, 8p, 8q, 9p, 9q, 13q, 16p, 16q, 17p, and 19p. LOH on 19p has not yet been reported, and that appears to be a new candidate in the search for tumor suppressor genes. High rates of LOH are correlated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) positivity, poorly differentiated tumors, vascular invasion, and intrahepatic metastasis (P < .0001). LOH on 13q and 16q occurred more frequently in HBV(+) patients (P < .0001), and LOH on 6q occurred more frequently in virus-negative patients (P < .001). The frequency of LOH on 4q and 13q was significantly lower in well-differentiated tumors than in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors (P < .01). In contrast, LOH on 6q was frequently detected in well-differentiated tumors compared with other histological subclasses (P < .001). Our results suggest that LOH on 6q may play an important role in the early stage of hepatocarcinogenesis in virus-negative patients, but different mechanisms might underlie the initial step to carcinogenesis in HBV(+) patients. LOH on 13q and 16q may play an essential role in the progression of HBV(+) tumors. Further studies of fine deletion mapping on chromosomes 13q and 16q are required to define the genomic segments on which putative tumor suppressor genes responsible for HBV(+) tumors exist.
REPRODUCIBILITY OF NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE DETECTION OF LIPID CORE CORONARY PLAQUES AND OBSERVED CHANGES AFTER CORONARY STENT IMPLANTATION
Authors: Bobby A. Garcia, Frances Wood, Abdul-rahman Riyad Abdel-karim, Pratik A. Mehta, Daisha Cipher, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Population based, prospective study of the care of women with epilepsy in pregnancy
Authors: S. D Fairgrieve
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a fibroinflammatory condition of the pancreas leading to pancreatic fibrosis, duct distortion and calcification with progressive pain, exocrine and endocrine dysfunction. We sought to assess the effects of endoscopic intervention via Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) on pancreatic duct (PD) remodelling and pain. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive patients with CP who underwent ERCP with pancreatic intervention at a tertiary centre over a ten-year period were retrospectively analysed. Recorded variables included patient demographics, procedural characteristics and follow-up data. Fishers test was used to calculate statistical significance. <h3>Results</h3> 51 patients (36 male) with PD strictures and intraductal calcification were identified. The median age was 50 (range 20 – 82 years old). 131 ERCPs were undertaken (one procedure in 23, two- three in 19, four- five in 3, six and above in 6). Alcohol was the commonest aetiology in 39.22% (n=20), followed by idiopathic 25.5% (n=13) and obstructive stone disease 21.57% (n=11). 43.14% (n=22) were smokers and 41.18% (n=21) were consuming alcohol. Technical success was achieved in 84.31% (n=43). 72.09% (n= 31) had a main PD stricture. 62.79% (n= 27) had main PD stones of which 33.33% (n=9) were larger than 5mm. 88.37% (n=38) underwent pancreatic endotherapy. Dilatation of pancreatic strictures was carried out in 44.74% (n=17), with 94.74% (n=36) undergoing pancreatic stenting. Sequential pancreatic stenting was utilised in 66.16% (n=24). In total there were 81 stents inserted over the study period. Plastic stents were the most commonly used at 62.96% (n=51), followed by Niti-S™ BUMPY™ Pancreatic Stent 30.86% (n=25) and Fully Covered Self Expanding Metal stents (FC-SEMS) 4.94% (n=4) and one ARCHIMEDES Biodegradable pancreatic stent. The median duration of sequential stenting was 17 months (range 1- 65 months). 42.11% (n=16) had resolution of their strictures with intervention and 57.89% (n=22) had improvement in pain. Patients with intraductal stones &lt;5mm were more likely to have improvement in pain with endoscopic therapy than those &gt;5mm (15 vs 2, P= 0.0001). Patients having sequential stenting were more likely to have improvement in their strictures (14 vs 2, p= 0.0157). The same effect on pain was not apparent with sequential stenting (17 vs 7, p= 0.2979). There were 2 episodes of pancreatitis and 6 episodes of stent migration. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Pancreatic endotherapy is more effective in patients with intraductal stones less than 5mm. Sequential stenting seems to have a beneficial effect on pancreatic strictures which may impact disease progression.
Light on Lupus.
Authors: M. L. Heidingsfeld
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Cincinnati, April 13, 1903.  To the Editor:  —In your issue of April 11 there appeared an article on Light in the Treatment of Lupus and Other Chronic Skin Affections, to which I wish to offer the following criticism, in order to correct some possible mistaken impressions, and any resulting deleterious influences: The four cases of lupus, reported cured by this method, bear no resemblance to lupus, either from the appearance of the pictures or from the clinical history. The process not only began too late in life, in adults from 21 to 52 years of age, but also pursued an entirely too rapid course, two weeks to one year in each individual case.
Grading of Reflux by Radionuclide Cystography
Authors: GANG ZHANG, DEBORAH L. DAY, MERLE LOKEN, RICARDO GONZALEZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Over a three-year period, radionuclide cystography (RC) was performed on 145 patients. Of these, 31 nephroureteral units in 25 patients demonstrated vesicoureteral reflux by RC and also by radiographic cystography (XC). The RC and XC studies were performed within three months of one another. The grading of reflux was determined by RC and then compared with that of XC using the criteria for grading as established by the International Reflux Study Committee (IRSC). Of 18 nephroureteral units in 14 patients with grade II reflux by XC, 14 were similarly graded by RC (78%). Of five nephroureteral units in five patients with grade III reflux by XC, the correlation by RC was 100%. However, when grades II and III were combined into a single category of low-grade reflux, the correlation achieved between the two cystographic techniques was 100%. Of five nephroureteral units in four patients with grade IV reflux by XC, the correlation was 60%, and in three units in two patients with grade V reflux the correlation was 100%. When grades IV and V are combined into a category of high-grade reflux, a correlation of 100% is achieved. When the reflux is graded into the five IRSC categories, the overall unequivocal correlation between the two studies is 80%. However, when only two categories are used (low grade = grades II and III, and high grade = grades IV and V), a correlation of 100% is obtained.
Implantable Nuclear-Powered Cardiac Pacemakers
Authors: John C. Norman, Glenn W. Sandberg, Fred N. Huffman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

OVER the last decade, clinical experience with totally implantable cardiac pacemakers has rapidly accumulated.1 2 3 4 Approximately 50,000 have been manufactured, 20,000 units are currently in use, and 5000 are implanted each year.5 Although these devices have rehabilitated substantial numbers of patients with varying degrees of heart block, their use is still not free of problems (for example, the effective lifetime of currently available implantable chemical batteries is 18 to 24 months, after which pulse-generator replacement is mandatory6). There is a small but definite risk of infection or prolonged hospitalization with each pulse-generator replacement. Moreover, at a cost of $600 to . . .
Left Ventricular Morphology and Systolic Function in Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Authors: Hassan A. Chami, Richard B. Devereux, John S. Gottdiener, Reena Mehra, Mary J. Roman, Emelia J. Benjamin, Daniel J. Gottlieb
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Whether sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a risk factor for left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and dysfunction is controversial. We assessed the relation of SDB to LV morphology and systolic function in a community-based sample of middle-aged and older adults. Methods and Results— The present study was a cross-sectional observational study of 2058 Sleep Heart Health Study participants (mean age 65±12 years; 58% women; 44% ethnic minorities) who had technically adequate echocardiograms. A polysomnographically derived apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and hypoxemia index (percent of sleep time with oxyhemoglobin saturation &lt;90%) were used to quantify SDB severity. LV mass index was significantly associated with both AHI and hypoxemia index after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, study site, body mass index, current and prior smoking, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, diabetes mellitus, and prevalent myocardial infarction. Adjusted LV mass index was 41.3 (SD 9.90) g/m 2.7 in participants with AHI &lt;5 (n=957) and 44.1 (SD 9.90) g/m 2.7 in participants with AHI ≥30 (n=84) events per hour. Compared with participants with AHI &lt;5, those with AHI ≥30 had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.78 (95% confidence interval 1.14 to 2.79) for LV hypertrophy. A higher AHI and higher hypoxemia index were also associated with larger LV diastolic dimension and lower LV ejection fraction, with a trend toward lower LV fractional shortening. LV wall thickness was significantly associated with the hypoxemia index but not with AHI. Left atrial diameter was not associated with either SDB measure. Conclusions— In a community-based cohort, SDB is associated with echocardiographic evidence of increased LV mass and reduced LV systolic function.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES*
Authors: J. C. F. POOLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES Get access J. C. F. POOLE J. C. F. POOLE Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue s3, 1 June 1969, Pages 11–18, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb12849.x Published: 01 June 1969
Non-Utility of the HLA-B27 Test
Authors: DAVID MERZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1982Non-Utility of the HLA-B27 TestDAVID MERZ, M.D.DAVID MERZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-3-383_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: After an extensive analysis of the predictive value of the HLA-B27 test, Kahn and Kahn (1) examined the utility of the test in four cases. They could provide only one case history, that of Patient 3, where the test clearly appeared to be useful. Unfortunately, they also implied that the test could be useful in patients whose cases are similar to that of Patient 4. Khan and Khan suggested that, because the sensitivity of the test was higher than the sensitivity of another more specific diagnostic procedure, the HLA-B27 test would be better for "excluding" the diagnosis...References1. KAHNKAHN MM. Diagnostic value of HLA-B27 testing in ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter's syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:70-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. CALIN A. HLA-B-27: to type or not to type? Ann Intern Med. 1980;92 (part 1):208-11. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: San Francisco, CA 94109 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByRheumatology and Joint DiseasesHLA and DiseaseCorrection: Letter on HLA-B27 Testing 1 March 1982Volume 96, Issue 3Page: 383-384 Issue Published: 1 March 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary infection in medical intensive care unit: the incidence, patient characteristics, and clinical significance
Authors: Chin-Chung Shu, Chih-Hsin Lee, Jann-Yuan Wang, Jih-Shuin Jerng, Chong-Jen Yu, Po-Ren Hsueh, Li-Na Lee, Pan-Chyr Yang
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)

The clinical significance of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary infection in medical intensive care unit (ICU) is still unclear.We conducted a retrospective study in the medical ICUs of a medical center in Taiwan from January 1999 to June 2007. Patients with NTM isolated from respiratory specimens within 1 month before or during the ICU course were identified. Those who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of NTM pulmonary infection were identified and compared with patients with NTM colonization and control subjects who were culture-negative for mycobacteria.Among the 5,378 patients admitted to medical ICUs, 2,866 (53.3%) had received mycobacterial culture for respiratory specimens. NTM were isolated from 169 (5.8%) patients. Of them, 47 (27.8%) were considered NTM pulmonary infection. M. avium complex and M. abscessus were the most common pathogens. Within 100 days after ICU admission, significantly more patients with NTM infection died than those with NTM colonization and control subjects (47 vs. 8 vs. 14%, P < 0.001). Twenty-one (49%) patients with NTM pulmonary infection received anti-NTM treatment, with four experiencing adverse effects. Although statistically insignificant, anti-NTM treatment was associated with prolonged survival for those who died in the ICU and shorter ICU stay for those who survived the ICU course.Our findings suggest that NTM pulmonary infection seems to associate with higher mortality in medical ICUs. Anti-NTM treatment is probably associated with a better outcome. Therefore, keeping a high suspicion when NTM is isolated and using careful consideration when starting anti-NTM treatment should be emphasized.
Developmental explanation and the ontogeny of birdsong: Nature/nurture redux
Authors: Timothy D. Johnston
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1988)

Abstract Despite several decades of criticism, dichotomous thinking about behavioral development (the view that the behavioral phenotype can be partitioned into inherited and acquired components) remains widespread and influential. This is particularly true in study of birdsong development, where it has become increasingly common to diagnose songs, elements of songs, or precursors of songs (song templates) as either innate or learned on the basis of isolation-rearing experiments. The theory of sensory templates has encouraged both the dichotomous approach (by providing a role for genetic blueprints to guide song learning) and an emphasis on structural rather than functional aspects of song development. As a result, potentially important lines of investigation have been overlooked and the interpretation of existing data is often flawed. Evidence for a genetic origin of behavioral differences is frequently interpreted as evidence for the genetic determination of behavioral characters . The technique of isolation rearing remains the methodology of choice for many investigators, despite the fact that it offers only a rather crude analysis of the contribution of experience to song development and provides no information at all about genetic contributions to development. The latter could in principle be elucidated by the application of developmental-genetic techniques, but it is unlikely that these can easily be applied to the study of birdsong. Because developmental questions are so often posed in terms of the learned–innate dichotomy, “experience” is taken to be synonymous with “learning” and the possible role of nonobvious contributions to song development has largely been ignored. An alternative approach, based on Daniel Lehrman's interactionist theory of development, permits a more thorough appreciation of the problems that have yet to be addressed, and provides a more secure conceptual foundation for theories of song development.
Dermatology - just the facts
Authors: Neil H. Cox
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Dermatology – just the facts Get access Neil H. Cox Neil H. Cox Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 150, Issue 1, 1 January 2004, Page 176, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05858.x Published: 01 January 2004
IgG anti-IgG antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis and certain other conditions.
Authors: J L Abruzzo, R Heimer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1974)

West Nile virus is an emerging pathogen that can cause fatal neurological disease. A recombinant human mAb, mAb11, has been described as a candidate for the prevention and treatment of West Nile disease. Using a yeast surface display epitope mapping assay and neutralization escape mutant, we show that mAb11 recognizes the fusion loop, at the distal end of domain II of the West Nile virus envelope protein. Ab mAb11 cross-reacts with all four dengue viruses and provides protection against dengue (serotypes 2 and 4) viruses. In contrast to the parental West Nile virus, a neutralization escape variant failed to cause lethal encephalitis (at higher infectious doses) or induce the inflammatory responses associated with blood-brain barrier permeability in mice, suggesting an important role for the fusion loop in viral pathogenesis. Our data demonstrate that an intact West Nile virus fusion loop is critical for virulence, and that human mAb11 targeting this region is efficacious against West Nile virus infection. These experiments define the molecular determinant on the envelope protein recognized by mAb11 and demonstrate the importance of this region in causing West Nile encephalitis.
Case-Mix Adjustment: Making Bad Apples Look Good-Reply
Authors: Susanne Salem-Schatz
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Drs Welch, Black, and Fisher raise a valid point, that in some instances differential discovery and/or use of diagnoses can influence diagnostic adjusting models. They correctly identify the diagnosis of disk disease as one condition where clinical practice can be associated with the presence of a diagnosis. Unfortunately, no objective criterion standard for presence of disease exists free from the "bias" of physician and/or patient perspective. It would be wrong, however, not to adjust for differential burden of disease simply because we cannot do it perfectly. The existence of some degree of measurement error should not lead us to abandon the case-mix adjustment effort. Our data demonstrated significant variation in identifying "outlier" physicians when analyses were performed with and without case-mix adjustment. Given the choice, we prefer the risk of overadjusting to the risk of underadjusting. Since we are not able to control the administrative purposes for which
Efficient gene delivery of primary human cells using peptide linked polyethylenimine polymer hybrid
Authors: Devaveena Dey, Mohammed Inayathullah, Andrew S. Lee, Melburne C. LeMieux, Xuexiang Zhang, Yi Wu, Divya Nag, Patricia Eliza De Almeida, Leng Han, Jayakumar Rajadas, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Medicine in the Ghetto
Authors: Amasa B. Ford
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<b>Poverty and Health: A Sociological Analysis,</b>edited by John Kosa, Aaron Antonovsky, and Irving K. Zola, 449 pp, $12.50, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1969. If any American physician still doubts that there are thousands of poor people in this country who badly need health services which they can not obtain, these two books will dispel his doubts. The first is a sheaf of communiques from a battlefront. As in a Shakespearian history play, we hear alarms and excursions, conferences of generals, ringing battle cries, and over all a sense of confusion and uncertainty as to where the enemy really is. In strong contrast,<i>Poverty and Health</i>looks at the scene from a scholarly distance, defining and categorizing problems, and attempting general conclusions. Both books are collections of essays, both tackle contemporary issues with energy and imagination, and both raise complex questions amid which some optimists detect the beginnings of a
Cavernous Transformation of the Portal Vein following Umbilical Sepsis
Authors: K. Somers
Journal: BMJ (1957)

The interpretation of splenomegaly in childhood is often difficult.When infective conditions, blood dyscrasias, reticuloses, lipoidoses, and cirrhosis of the liver have been excluded, there remain some cases of splenomegaly in which no obvious disorder can be demonstrated.A
PD-1 up-regulation is correlated with HIV-specific memory CD8+ T-cell exhaustion in typical progressors but not in long-term nonprogressors
Authors: Ji-Yuan Zhang, Zheng Zhang, Xicheng Wang, Jun-Liang Fu, Jinxia Yao, Yanmei Jiao, Liangen Chen, Hui Zhang, Jianan Wei, Lei Jin, Ming Shi, George Fu Gao, Hao Wu, Fu-Sheng Wang
Journal: Blood (2007)