tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calcium and Alcohol-Associated Hypertension
Authors: SERGIO DE MARCHI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1986Calcium and Alcohol-Associated HypertensionSERGIO DE MARCHI, EMANUELA CECCHIN, RENZO CELLA, RENATO NARDINISERGIO DE MARCHISearch for more papers by this author, EMANUELA CECCHINSearch for more papers by this author, RENZO CELLASearch for more papers by this author, RENATO NARDINISearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-5-728_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Among the conclusions that can be drawn about calcium and hypertension from the present data, Resnick (1) confirms that the clinical aspects of calcium metabolism appear to be linked with the pathophysiology of hypertension. He states that further investigation to define this linkage will improve our understanding of the hypertensive process and should be encouraged.We describe some abnormalities of calcium metabolism in patients with alcohol-associated hypertension. It has been known for several years that alcohol intake and blood pressure are closely related. Alcohol-associated hypertension is a common problem in heavy drinkers. In a survey of nearly...References1. RESNICK L. Calcium and hypertension: the emerging connection [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:944-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. DE MARCHICECCHIN SE. Alcohol withdrawal and hypertension: evidence for a renal abnormality. Clin Sci. 1985;69:239-40. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DE MARCHICECCHINBASILE SEA. Fractures and hypercalciuria: two markers of severe dependence in alcoholics. Br Med J. 1984;288:1457-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. DE MARCHICECCHINGRIMALDIBASILE SEFA. Reversible tubular dysfunction in alcohol abuse. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc Eur Ren Assoc. 1985;21:866-74. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. MCCARRON D. Calcium in the pathogenesis and therapy of human hypertension. Am J Med. 1985;78(2B):27-34. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Stabilimento Ospedaliero di Codroipo 33033 Codroipo (UD) Italy PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAlcohol abuse and osteoporosis 1 May 1986Volume 104, Issue 5Page: 728-728KeywordsAlcoholsBlood pressureCalciumHypertensionInformation storage and retrieval Issue Published: 1 May 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A US International Health Service Corps
Authors: Timothy D. Baker, John C. Quinley
Journal: JAMA (1987)

A US International Health Service Corps to place American health professionals in developing countries is under consideration. The various options for such a corps are examined in light of past attempts, present needs, and future potential. Justifications, costs, benefits, administrative/legislative mechanisms, and alternative ways to meet US international health goals are evaluated. We conclude that there are more feasible ways to meet US international health objectives than through a governmental International Health Service Corps. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2622-2625)
Ulcers and anti-inflammatory agents.
Authors: W S Mitchell, R D Sturrock
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Cimetidine, although effective in relieving dyspeptic symptoms, may not protect against perforation.'We report on two patients with perforated peptic ulcers who were treated with cimetidine for duodenal ulceration.Caution must be exercised while con- tinuing treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for rheumatic disorders.
Retinoic acid enhances susceptibility of human hepatoma cells to NK cell-mediated cytolysis via up-regulation of MICA
Authors: Masahisa Jinushi, Tetsuo Takehara, Tomohide Tatsumi, Tatsuya Kanto, Takuya Miyagi, Yutaka Sasaki, Norio Hayashi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Doctors resist government's wish to force feed Fortuyn murder suspect
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The Dutch medical profession has rejected the opinion of justice minister Piet Hein Donner that the man suspected of murdering former politician Pim Fortuyn could be force fed to allow the judicial process to proceed.

The Royal Dutch Medical Association has argued that medical ethics has never allowed doctors to force treatment on a competent patient.

The suspect, Volkert van der Graaf, who has been on hunger strike since 12 July, has been judged competent by two …
James Ralph Hudson
Authors: Timothy ffytche
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former consultant ophthalmic surgeon Moorfields Eye Hospital (b 1916; q Middlesex Hospital, London, 1939; FRCS, FRCOphth, CBE), d 30 December 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




James Ralph Hudson served in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve. In 1947 he joined Moorfields Eye Hospital as a clinical assistant, becoming consultant ophthalmic surgeon in 1956 and retiring in 1981. He was consultant ophthalmic surgeon to Guy's Hospital and held consultant posts at King Edward VII Hospital for Officers and the Hospital of St John and St Elizabeth, London. He also ran a private practice. An expert in surgical technique rather than an innovator, he devoted much of his time to the diagnosis and management of retinal detachment in an era when subspecialisation within ophthalmology was fairly new. The Duke of Windsor was among his many surgical patients. He leaves a wife, Margaret, and four children.
Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis With and Without Aquaporin 4 Antibodies
Authors: Joanna Kitley, Maria Isabel Leite, Wilhelm Küker, Gerardine Quaghebeur, Jithin George, Patrick Waters, Mark Woodhall, Angela Vincent, Jacqueline Palace
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Aquaporin 4 antibody (AQP4-Ab)-negative patients with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) behave differently from those with AQP4-Ab. Aquaporin 4 antibody-negative neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is rare when good assays are used.To assess if AQP4-Ab-negative patients with LETM share similar disease characteristics with AQP4-Ab-positive patients or whether they have distinct features and alternative diagnoses. DESIGN We collated clinical and paraclinical data on patients with LETM identified through the Oxford NMO clinical database. Aquaporin 4 antibodies were tested using 2 sensitive assays. We describe the features of patients with LETM, compare findings between patients with and without AQP4-Ab, and describe alternative diagnoses in AQP4-Ab-negative patients.Single specialist UK center for NMO.Seventy-six adult patients with LETM.Comparison of clinical and paraclinical data.Fifty-eight percent of patients were AQP4-Ab positive. Alternative diagnoses could usually be identified in AQP4-Ab-negative patients, including those fulfilling NMO diagnostic criteria. Only 6.5% of patients had "true" seronegative NMO and 6.5% had idiopathic LETM. There were some important differences between AQP4-Ab-positive and -negative cases, including older onset age, higher proportion of females, lower incidence of simultaneous optic neuritis, lower frequency of conus involvement, and higher prevalence of coexisting autoimmune disorders in AQP4-Ab-positive cases. Attack severity and degree of recovery were similar in the 2 groups.Patients with LETM without AQP4-Ab include a number of different diagnostic categories and it is not surprising therefore that they show important differences compared with AQP4-Ab-positive patients, even when considering only those fulfilling current NMO diagnostic criteria. Thus, we suggest that diagnoses such as myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease, multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and postinfectious disorders should be exclusions in the NMO diagnostic criteria and AQP4-Ab-positive and antibody-negative NMO/NMO spectrum disorder cohorts should be analyzed separately.
The epidermal phenotype during initiation of the psoriatic lesion in the symptomless margin of relapsing psoriasis
Authors: Fransje A.C.M. Castelijns, Marie-Jeanne P. Gerritsen, Ivonne M.J.J. van Vlijmen-Willems, Piet E.J. van Erp, Peter C.M. van de Kerkhof
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1999)
A Measure of Community Exposure: PFOA in Well Water Correlates with Serum Levels
Authors: Kellyn S. Betts
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Efforts to minimize people's exposure to air pollution historically have focused on curbing emissions from tailpipes and smokestacks.But increases in vehicle-kilometers traveled-that is, more cars spending more time on the road-have tempered that effect.Moreover, residential areas, hospitals, and schools often are built adjacent to main traffic arteries, where emissions are highest.An international group of public health researchers now says it's time to start separating people from sources of air pollution as a means of protecting public health [EHP 119(1):29-36; Giles et al.].Air pollution can cause myriad cardiovascular and respiratory problems including asthma, bronchitis, and heart disease.Outdoor air pollutants can easily migrate indoors, and most exposure to ambient air pollution occurs inside buildings.Recent research indicates that people living near congested highways face a greater risk of such diseases and that moving to a lesspolluted neighborhood lowers their risk.The authors describe "promising and largely unexplored" approaches to reducing the health impact of air pollution through interventions targeted at communities and at indivi duals.They base their recommendations on published studies and discussions from a 2009 workshop on this topic held in Vancouver, Canada.The authors argue that cities can improve residents' health by considering air quality during land-use planning.For example, creating high-density, mixed-use areas would enable more people to walk or bicycle to work, school, and shops, thereby reducing emissions and encouraging more exercise; ideally, safe pedestrian and cycling greenways would be located away from traffic.For longerdistance travel, the authors suggest low-emission public transit.And in areas where wood burning is an important heating method, woodstove exchange programs can help residents acquire cleaner-burning stoves affordably.Risk factors for heart disease include a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and a high-sodium diet.Therefore, the authors posit that another approach to reducing a person's risk of being affected by air pollution is to minimize one's overall risk of heart disease.This could involve interventions that encourage people to eat a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants and to get regular exercise.However, because pollution levels vary even within cities, exercise should be planned to minimize exposure.Variations occur by season, with ozone being higher in the summer and particulates from woodstoves higher in the winter, for example.Traffic-related pollutants also spike during rush hour and are higher in heavily traveled areas.
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gerald W. Chodak
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Recently, increasing attention has focused on screening asymptomatic men for prostate cancer. Factors driving this initiative include the low percentage of localized cancers diagnosed by conventional methods, the inability to cure advanced disease, and the development of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay, which improves early detection. Unlike screening for breast cancer, however, no controlled studies have demonstrated that screening for prostate cancer reduces mortality or increases life expectancy. Until the National Institutes of Health—sponsored randomized screening trial is completed, some guidance is needed in making decisions regarding routine testing. See also p 773. The article by Krahn et al<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe JOURNALis the first study published using a Markov model to predict the outcomes from screening using PSA. Performing a one-time screen using digital rectal examination and PSA is predicted to increase life expectancy by 0.6 and 1.7 days for 50-and 70-year-old men, respectively. However,
Patients' views about taking antihypertensive drugs: questionnaire study
Authors: J. Benson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Patients taking prescribed drugs may hold reservations about them or take them despite side effects.1 In an earlier study, we described a taxonomy of views of patients taking antihypertensives.2 Patients balanced reservations against one or more reasons to take drugs: the influence of positive experiences with doctors, perceived benefits of drugs, or consideration of pragmatic issues. We report the prevalence of these views in a larger group of patients with hypertension and assess whether the taxonomy encompasses the whole range of views held.

With local research ethics committee approval, we developed a questionnaire deriving items and language from the earlier qualitative analysis. After two face to face pilots (five questionnaires) and two postal pilots (44 questionnaires), the questionnaire included questions about patients' reservations about drugs, their experience of unwelcome side effects, and their reasons for taking antihypertensives.

In one, mainly urban, general practice of 7200 patients, we identified 626 people who were prescribed antihypertensives. We excluded 39 who denied taking antihypertensives or whose …
The Oppenheimer Drink-cure in Bellevue Hospital and Gen. O'Beirne's Letter.
Authors: None Justitia
Journal: JAMA (1896)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Herewith is given<i>in extenso</i>the rejoinder of Charity Commissioner O'Beirne, in response to charges of collusion between the board, which he represents, and the new remedy for alcoholism. The action of the Commissioners in this matter has been much the subject of two virulent attacks by the<i>Medical News</i>of July 18 and 24; but, after all, on cooler reflection, there does not seem to be any substantial ground for the charges made against the Commissioners. The medical profession should for once and all time, cast aside prejudices, and when a regular member of the profession, after proper testing and experimenting, offers a remedy for trial in a public hospital, before announcing it in general details to the profession at large, he should be permitted the fullest liberties in this direction. This was done in Paris, with Pasteur's attenuated virus for hydrophobia: with Roux's antitoxin serum
Sowing Hematopoietic Seeds
Authors: Joel M. Rappeport
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Bone-marrow transplantation has become an important treatment for a number of diseases, and it also offers a unique model in which the effects of drugs on hematopoietic stem cells can be evaluated. In addition, the origins and life span of hematopoietically derived cells can be studied. Indeed, transplantation of human marrow has revealed the hematopoietic origin of the osteoclast, the Kupffer cell, the pulmonary macrophage, and the marrow microenvironmental cells.1 , 2 The success of the procedure depends on complete destruction of the hematopoietic stem cells of the abnormal host and subsequent engraftment, in newly created space, of hematopoietic pluripotent stem cells . . .
Trends in day surgery rates
Authors: Paul Aylin, Susan Williams, Brian Jarman, Alex Bottle
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Trends in day surgery rates We looked at trends over time and compared rates across acute trusts.Overall, the proportion of procedures carried out as day surgery increased from 55.7% to 67.2% over the period.Although most individual procedures showed an increase in day surgery rates, arthroscopy, laparoscopy, myringotomy, and transurethral resection of bladder tumour all had lower rates in 2003-4 than in 1996-7.The procedure that showed the greatest percentage decline in total admissions was termination of pregnancy, which dropped 44.4% from 68 102 in 1996-7 to 37 887 in 2003-4.This may reflect an increasing number of medical terminations.Cataract operations showed the greatest increase in total admissions, rising 94.8% from 148 492 in 1996 to 289 252 in 2003-4.Day surgery rates varied considerably between the acute non-specialist trusts, ranging from 40.2% to 82.7%, with only 12% of trusts carrying out 75% or more of the Audit Commission's collection of procedures as day cases.The 2005 Healthcare Commission report on day surgery confirmed that day surgery units are not being used to their maximum capacity, w4 although both rates and numbers increased steadily between 1996-7 and 2003-4.Performance varies widely between trusts; some of this variation might be explained by inconsistent coding,
Prospective Study of Colorectal Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in a Community Hospital
Authors: Cristina B. Geltzeiler, Alizah Rotramel, Charlyn Wilson, Lisha Deng, Mark H. Whiteford, Joseph Frankhouse
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

IMPORTANCE Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) colorectal programs have shown to be successful at reducing length of stay in many international and academic centers; however, their efficacy in a community hospital setting remains unclear.OBJECTIVE To determine if favorable results could be reproduced in a community hospital setting using our ERAS program, which was developed using core ERAS guidelines with the goal of accelerated recovery while also addressing other important outcomes affecting patient experience and safety.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective study of ERAS program, a multidisciplinary effort involving anesthesia, preadmission staff, nursing, and surgery staff at a community hospital.The program was initiated in 2010 and was in full practice by 2011.We assessed practice patterns and patient outcomes for all elective colon and rectal resection cases performed in 2009 (prior to ERAS implementation), 2011, and 2012.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Laparoscopic approach, narcotic use, length of stay, 30-day readmission, ileus (defined as reinsertion of nasogastric tube), and intra-abdominal infection and association between colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis and these outcomes. RESULTSFrom 2009 to 2012, the use of laparoscopy increased from 57.4% to 88.8% (P < .001).Length of stay decreased significantly (6.7 days vs 3.7 days, P < .001),without an increase in 30-day readmission rate (17.6% vs 12.5%, P = .49).Use of patient-controlled narcotic analgesia and duration of use decreased (63.2% of patients vs 15%, P < .001;67.8 hours vs 47.1 hours, P = .02).Ileus rate decreased from 13.2% to 2.5% (P = .02).Intra-abdominal infection decreased from 7.4% to 2.5% (P = .24).When comparing laparoscopic cases alone, similar results were observed.Following regression analysis, there were no statistically significant differences between CRC diagnosis and LOS, 30-day readmission rates, ileus, and intra-abdominal infection (all P's > .05).Length of stay reductions resulted in an estimated cost savings of $3202 per patient (2011) and $4803 per patient (2012).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Implementation of this patient care-directed enhanced recovery program is feasible in a community hospital setting, and it is associated with decreased LOS without increased readmission or morbidity, as well as significant decreases in narcotic use and cost.Improved outcomes are independent of the laparoscopic approach and CRC diagnosis.
Treating the Alcoholic in the Presence of Alcohol
Authors: EDWARD GOTTHEIL, LACEY O. CORBETT, JOSEPH C. GRASBERGER, FLOYD S. CORNELISON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

In order to determine patterns of alcoholism on the basis of observation rather than drinking histories, the authors conducted three six-week studies in which hospitalized alcoholics were given the choice of drinking or not at frequent fixed intervals. Some took all the drinks available, one-third began drinking but stopped, and one-third took no drinks at all. The opportunity has thus been provided to study antecedent factors and personality variables in the three groups.
NEWSPAPER PUBLICITY REGARDING "ADJUSTMENT CURES" AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Abram T. Kerr
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It has come to my notice that there has been widespread newspaper publicity in regard to certain alleged discoveries at Cornell University of a cure for rheumatism, sciatica and numerous other diseases, and the reaction of the osteopaths, chiropractors and others to these newspaper articles makes it seem wise that there should be a statement of the facts. An alumnus of the university and another physician of New York State, at their own request, were permitted to work in the anatomic laboratory of the Ithaca Division of the Cornell University Medical College. They desired to determine whether there was any anatomic basis that would explain a large number of symptoms which they claimed were relieved by certain manipulations which they performed. It was their opinion that these varied symptoms were caused by "sacroiliac dislocations" and that their manipulations "reduced" these. No member of the staff of the
Concurrent Acute Infection With Hepatitis A and B
Authors: Jack Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To the Editor.—  Acute viral hepatitis, whether type A, type B, or non-A-non-B, is a fairly well-characterized syndrome. The epidemiologic aspects of the various hepatitis viruses are constantly being more precisely elucidated.  Acute type A hepatitis has been observed in institutionalized patients known to be carriers of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). This is a report of two cases of serologically verified acute infection with both type A and type B hepatitis. The second patient as best can be documented was inoculated by the first.  Report of Cases.—Case 1.—  A 24-yearold woman was initially seen with a five-day history of jaundice, dark urine, and light stools. She admitted to the use of illicit intravenous (IV) drugs and the sharing of injection apparatus. She was heterosexually active before jaundice developed. There was no history of blood transfusion or prior clinical hepatitis. The examination was normal, except for obvious
A multilevel approach to modeling human cognition
Authors: Hongbin Wang, Todd R. Johnson, Jiajie Zhang
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Although we agree with Newell and Anderson &amp; Lebiere (A&amp;L) that a unified theory of cognition is needed to advance cognitive science, we disagree on how to achieve it. A hybrid system can score high in the Newell Test but may not offer a veridical and coherent theory of cognition. A multilevel approach, involving theories at both psychological and brain levels, is suggested.
Advances in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Rohit Loomba, Claude B. Sirlin, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Joel E. Lavine
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents in the United States. A two- to three-fold rise in the rates of obesity and overweight in children over the last two decades is probably responsible for the NAFLD epidemic. Emerging data suggest that children with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progress to cirrhosis, which may ultimately increase liver-related mortality. More worrisome is the recognition that cardiovascular risk and morbidity in children and adolescents are associated with fatty liver. Pediatric fatty liver disease often displays a histologic pattern distinct from that found in adults. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis of NASH. Noninvasive biomarkers are needed to identify individuals with progressive liver injury. Targeted therapies to improve liver histology and metabolic abnormalities associated with fatty liver are needed. Currently, randomized-controlled trials are underway in the pediatric population to define pharmacologic therapy for NAFLD. Conclusion: Public health awareness and intervention are needed to promote healthy diet, exercise, and lifestyle modifications to prevent and reduce the burden of disease in the community. (Hepatology 2009.)