tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expression of sarco/endo-plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase type 2 isoforms (SERCA2) in normal human skin and mucosa, and Darier's disease skin
Authors: A.T. Sheridan, K. Hollowood, A. Sakuntabhai, D. Dean, A. Hovnanian, S. Burge
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

The recent report that mutations in ATP2A2, which encodes the Ca2+ transporting sarco/endo-plasmic reticulum pump type 2 isoforms (SERCA2), cause Darier's disease (DD) suggests that SERCA2 plays an important role in epidermal cell adhesion and differentiation. However, no data exist regarding SERCA2 expression in normal human skin, mucosa and DD.We have therefore investigated SERCA2 expression in normal human skin (40 samples), oral and vaginal mucosa (13 samples) and DD lesional skin (six samples).These investigations were performed with a mouse monoclonal antibody specific for human SERCA2, using a standard ABC immunoperoxidase technique.SERCA2 was expressed in all specimens. SERCA2 expression was pronounced in the subnuclear aspect of basal epidermal keratinocytes, with variable suprabasal expression. SERCA2 expression was also observed in the infundibulum and outer root sheath of hair follicles; germinative and mature cells of sebaceous glands; secretory coil and duct of eccrine glands; apocrine gland cells, and arrector pili muscle. Fibroblasts and blood vessels (endothelium and muscle) expressed SERCA2, whereas nerves did not. SERCA2 expression was observed throughout oral and vaginal mucosa. In DD skin, strong SERCA2 positivity was detected in the basal, suprabasal and acantholytic lesional cells. Perilesional DD skin was comparable to normal skin.These findings support the hypothesis that SERCA2 is an important player in cutaneous biology, and provide baseline data that will facilitate the design and interpretation of functional studies of cutaneous SERCA2.
CYP1A1*2B (Val) allele is overrepresented in a subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia patients with poor-risk karyotype associated with NRAS mutation, but not associated withFLT3 internal tandem duplication
Authors: David T. Bowen, Marion E. Frew, Sara Rollinson, Philippa L. Roddam, Ann Dring, Martyn T. Smith, Stephen E. Langabeer, Gareth J. Morgan
Journal: Blood (2003)
Oral Desensitization to Peanut Monitored by the Follow-Up of IgEs to Recombinant Major Allergens Ara h 1 Ara h 2 Ara h 3
Authors: A.D. Moneret-Vautrin, S. Jacquenet, C. Astier, B. Bihain
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Comparison of Intravenous Glucagon and Dextrose in Treatment of Severe Hypoglycemia in an Accident and Emergency Department
Authors: Andrew Collier, David J Steedman, Alan W Patrick, Graham R Nimmo, David M Matthews, Cecilia C A Macintyre, Keith Little, Basil F Clarke
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

Hypoglycemia is a serious problem in insulin-treated diabetic patients. In this study the efficacy of intravenous glucagon (1 mg) was compared with that of intravenous dextrose (25 g) in the treatment of hypoglycemia in insulin-treated patients attending an accident and emergency department. In addition, the prevailing glycemic control of these patients was compared with patients routinely attending a diabetic outpatient clinic. Both intravenous glucagon and dextrose were effective in the treatment of hypoglycemic coma. There was a difference in the glycemic profile after intravenous glucagon compared with intravenous dextrose, and recovery of a normal level of consciousness after glucagon was slower than after dextrose (6.5 vs. 4.0 min, respectively; P &amp;lt; .001), although the average duration of hypoglycemic coma was 1.4 h. The glucagon- and dextrose-treated groups had significantly lower HbA1 than comparable patients routinely attending the clinic (9.5 ± 0.8 vs. 12.0 ± 3.8%, respectively; P &amp;lt; .001). In view of the ease of administration and the small risk of vascular and extravascular complications, intravenous glucagon appears to be a useful alternative to intravenous dextrose in the treatment of severe hypoglycemia.
Münchhausen Syndrome Presenting as Fever of Unknown Origin
Authors: Thorsten Derlin, Susanne Klutmann, Christian R. Habermann
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

We report a case of Münchhausen syndrome diagnosed by FDG PET/CT. A 39-year-old woman presented with high fever, myalgias, and severe illness. On physical examination she was noted to have multiple subcutaneous abscesses. F-18 FDG PET/CT demonstrated multiple subcutaneous and intramuscular areas of increased tracer uptake, consistent with abscesses. Additionally, multiple broken injection needles were noted in various localizations. The infectious lesions were self-inflicted. Early and correct diagnosis of factitious disorders might prevent unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and might allow for timely and adequate psychiatric treatment.
Pathophysiological and biochemical characterisation of an avian model of dilated cardiomyopathy: comparison to findings in human dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: R. J Hajjar, R. Liao, J. B Young, F. Fuleihan, M. G Glass, J. K Gwathmey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: With the recent availability of human myocardium, many animal models have been shown to be unsuitable as models of human heart failure. The aim of this study was to describe the pathophysiological changes in a model of dilated cardiomyopathy in turkey poults and to compare them to results obtained from failing human hearts. Methods: After receiving furazolidone for 2-3 weeks, animals developed cardiomyopathy (Fz-DCM) and were studied at the whole heart and isolated muscle level. Myofibrillar ATPase activity and noradrenaline turnover were determined in tissue homogenates in failing and non-failing control hearts. Results: Fz-DCM animals had greater heart weights, heart weight/body weight ratios, and end diastolic volumes. Fractional shortening of the left ventricle and systolic blood pressures were reduced (p<0.01) in myopathic animals. Isolated perfused hearts had lower peak developed pressures (p<0.01). Isolated muscle preparations showed no significant differences in peak twitch forces between control and Fz-DCM muscles at a 1 Hz stimulation rate. The relationship between force and frequency of stimulation was positive in control muscles up to 1.7 Hz, whereas in Fz-DCM muscles the relationship was sharply negative above 1 Hz. Time to 80% relaxation was markedly slower in the Fz-DCM muscles. Although [Ca2+]o responsiveness was similar for Fz- DCM and normal animals, responsiveness to isoprenaline was significantly reduced in Fz-DCM hearts. Cardiomyopathic animals displayed diminished noradrenaline content in the left ventricle. Fractional noradrenaline turnover was higher (p<0.05) in the cardiomyopathic birds. In skinned fibre preparations from control and Fz-DCM hearts calcium activations were similar. Maximum myofibrillar ATPase activities were, however, significantly lower in myopathic animals and myofibrillar protein content was reduced by 25%. Conclusions: In this model of dilated cardiomyopathy: (1) relaxation is markedly prolonged; (2) the response to β adrenergic stimulation is diminished; (3) Mg-ATPase activities and myofibrillar protein content are reduced; and (4) sympathetic activity in the heart is markedly increased with depletion of noradrenaline stores. Furthermore, a reduction in tissue noradrenaline content per se is a misleading index of the dynamic state of cardiac noradrenaline stores. With its similarities to human cardiomyopathy, this model promises to provide new insights into the pathophysiology and progression of dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:2212-2221
Abstract 3440: Effect of neoadjuvant therapy for the number of lymph node micrometastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tomohiro Lee, Hiroaki Tanaka, Mami Yoshii, Katsunobu Sakurai, Hisashi Nagahara, Kenjirou Kimura, Ryousuke Amano, Eiji Noda, Naoshi Kubo, Kazuya Muguruma, Nobuya Yamada, Masakazu Yashiro, Kiyoshi Maeda, Naoyoshi Onoda, Tetsuji Sawada, Bunzo Nakata, Masaichi Ohira, Tetsurou Ishikawa, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract [Introduction] Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) often develops lymph node metastasis. Several study demonstrated that micrometastasis (MM) in lymph nodes was an independent prognostic factor for ESCC. Recently effect of neoadjuvant therapy including chemotherapy and chemoradiontherapy has been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the affect of on MM in lymph nodes for ESCC. [Materials and methods] We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of consecutive162 patients with ESCC who underwent esophagectomy accompanied with systemic lymphadectomy in our institution from 2000 to 2010. Firstly, we analyzed the relapse free survival of 90 patients who underwent surgical resection without neoadjuvant therapy and assessed the impact of MM in lymph nodes on prognosis of ESCC by immunohistochemistry using anti-cytokeratin antibody. Next we examined MM in lymph nodes of 72 patients who underwent surgical resection with neoadjuvant therapy and evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant therapy on MM in lymph nodes. [Results] Of 5414 lymph nodes from 90 patients with cStage II/III (surgery group), we detected 311(5.1%) of overt metastasis detected by H&amp;E staining and 124(2.3%) of MM in lymph nodes. The clinicopathological factors related to the postoperative relapse included pTNM Stage and number of lymph node metastasis with MM. Otherwise, in neoadjuvant Group, Of 3466 lymph nodes from 72 patients, we detected 154(4.4%) of overt metastasis and 19(0.4%) of MM. In neoadjuvant group, the rate of MM was decreased from 2.3% to 0.4% as compared to that of surgery group. Importantly, the rate of MM in upper mediastinal region was decreased by neoadjuvant therapy. [Conclusion] We demonstrated the significance of micrometastasis in lymph nodes for prognosis of esophageal cancer. Our findings suggested that neoadjuvant therapy may reduce the number of micrometastasis. Neoadjuvant therapy should be estimated as the standard therapy against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3440. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3440
Vascular Retention of Tc-99m Pertechnetate Simulating Ectopic or Metastatic Thyroid Tissue
Authors: OSCAR L. L??PEZ, EDUARDO RODRIGUEZ MAISANO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

A Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid scan performed postoperatively in a patient with Hashimoto's disease demonstrated an area of uptake that simulated either ectopic or metastatic thyroid tissue. Radionuclide angiography showed vascular retention of the tracer.
Arginine restores nitric oxide activity and inhibits monocyte accumulation after vascular injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
Authors: Bing-Yin Wang, Robert C. Candipan, Mehrdad Arjomandi, Paul T.C. Hsiun, Philip S. Tsao, John P. Cooke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)

Objectives. This study sought to determine whether the alterations in vascular function and structure after balloon injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits could be inhibited by dietary arginine. Background. Administration of arginine (the nitric oxide [NO] precursor) restores vascular NO activity in hypercholesterolemic animals. We and other investigators have shown that enhancement of vascular NO activity can inhibit myointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury in normocholesterolemic animals. Methods. Twenty-eight New Zealand White rabbits received either normal rabbit chow, 0.5% cholesterol diet or 0.5% cholesterol diet plus l-arginine hydrochloride (2.25% wt/vol) in the drinking water. After 6 weeks of dietary intervention, the left iliac artery of each animal was subjected to a balloon injury. Four weeks later, the iliac arteries were harvested for vascular reactivity studies and immunohistochemical analysis. Results. Vascular injury induced intimal thickening that was largely composed of vascular smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix. In the setting of hypercholesterolemia, vascular injury induced an exuberant myointimal lesion that was augmented by the accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages. Dietary arginine reduced intimal thickening in the injured vessels of hypercholesterolemic animals and substantially inhibited the accumulation of macrophages in the lesion (from 28% to 5% of the lesion area, p < 0.001). Conclusions. We report that lesions induced by vascular injury in hypercholesterolemic animals are markedly reduced by oral administration of arginine. Moreover, we find that the nature of the lesion is altered, with a striking reduction in the percentage of macrophages comprising the lesion.
Comparison between the sarcomere length-force relations of intact and skinned trabeculae from rat right ventricle. Influence of calcium concentrations on these relations.
Authors: J C Kentish, H E ter Keurs, L Ricciardi, J J Bucx, M I Noble
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

To investigate the extent to which the properties of the cardiac myofibrils contribute to the length-force relation of cardiac muscle, we determined the sarcomere length-force relations for rat ventricular trabeculae both before and after the muscles were skinned with the detergent Triton X-100. Sarcomere length was measured continuously by laser diffraction. In the unskinned trabeculae stimulated at 0.2 Hz, the relation between active force and sarcomere length at an extracellular calcium concentration of 1.5 mM was curved away from the sarcomere length axis, with zero force at sarcomere length of 1.5-1.6 micron. At 0.3 mM calcium, the sarcomere length-force relation was curved toward the sarcomere length axis. Chemical skinning of the muscle with 1% Triton X-100 in a "relaxing solution" caused an increase in intensity and decrease in dispersion of the first order diffraction beam, indicating an increased uniformity of sarcomere length in the relaxed muscle. During calcium-regulated contractures in the skinned muscles, the central sarcomeres shortened by up to 20%. As the calcium concentration was increased over the range 1-50 microM, the relation between steady calcium-regulated force and sarcomere length shifted to higher force values and changed in shape in a manner similar to that observed for changes in extracellular calcium concentration before skinning. The sarcomere length-force relations for the intact muscles at an extracellular calcium concentration of 1.5 mM were similar to the curves at calcium concentration of 8.9 microM in the skinned preparations, whereas the curves at an extracellular calcium concentration of 0.3 mM in intact muscles fell between the relations at calcium concentrations of 2.7 and 4.3 microM in the skinned preparations. A factor contributing to the shape of the curves in the skinned muscle at submaximal calcium concentrations was that the calcium sensitivity of force production increased with increasing sarcomere length. The calcium concentration required for 50% activation decreased from 7.71 +/- 0.52 microM to 3.77 +/- 0.33 microM for an increase of sarcomere length from 1.75 to 2.15 micron. The slope of the force-calcium concentration relation increased from 2.82 to 4.54 with sarcomere length between 1.75 and 2.15 micron. This change in calcium sensitivity was seen over the entire range of sarcomere lengths corresponding to the ascending limb of the cardiac length-force relation. It is concluded that the properties of the cardiac contractile machinery (including the length-dependence of calcium sensitivity) can account for much of the shape of the ascending limb in intact cardiac muscle.
Consultants vote in favour of revised contract
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Six out of 10 consultants in England who voted have agreed to a new NHS contract that will change the way they work.

Slightly fewer specialist registrars were in favour of the new brokered deal, with 55% of those who voted saying yes.

The result is a reversal of the first ballot on the new contract last November, when 66% of consultants and 84% of specialist registrars rejected the offer ( BMJ 2002;325: 1053) and threatened to take industrial action if …
Tamponade in Dressler's syndrome with immunological studies.
Authors: M S Lawrence, R Wright
Journal: BMJ (1972)

In his paper defining the postinfarction syndrome, Dressler (1959) noted that "although pericarditis may lead to tamponade in the absence of anticoagulants this was not seen in this series."We here record such a case and also show that the syndrome occurred in a patient liable to hypersensitivity reactions. Case ReportA 67-year-old widow developed asthma in 1956 and had had eczema since her youth.Skin testing showed her to be sensitive to pollen; pets and many plants made her wheeze, and she was sensi- tive to penicillin.For the past five years she had experienced a tight substernal pain on exertion and had had one episode of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia but without evidence of a myo- cardial infarct.Two weeks before admission she had had severe chest pain of sudden onset, which recurred on the day before admission.On physical examination she was found to be short of breath at rest and coughed up frothy sputum but no gallop rhythm or basal crepitations were present.The thyroid was not palpable, temperature was 37-5'C, blood pressure was 120/80 mm Hg.LDH 40 mU/ml; SGOT 30 mU/ml; E.C.G.T-wave inversion in lead aVF.Five days after admission she complained of pain in the epigas- trium.The SGOT (160 mU/ml) and LDH (245 mU/ml) became raised and Q Vaves and S-T elevation appeared in leads III and aVF consistent with myocardial infarction.The pain occurred intermittently although the SGOT fell to normal.Ten days later a pericardial friction rub was heard at the apex.The following day
Health research funding
Authors: Jon P Nicholl
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Contraction and convergence: myth and realityEditor-The review of climate change issues in the BMJ of 10 June was comprehensive.On grounds of morality, the principle of contraction and convergence is unassailable. 1 In the real world, it is a pipe dream.It would work only by being enforcible, which implies an international policing authority with real teeth.Can we seriously believe that the United States, China, or Russia would submit to such an authority?Sadly there is no mileage in morality when affluent lifestyles are threatened.It is right to plead for changes in individual behaviour, but only the de-carbonising of energy at source will make a predictable and sustained impact on carbon dioxide emissions.The only long term route to this goal will be through the adoption of renewable energy technologies on two levels.Firstly, small scale to micro-generation systems are rapidly approaching market viability.Within five to 10 years, millions of homes could become cost effective mini-power stations linked to a local mini-grid under the umbrella of distributed generation.The Energy Saving Trust estimates that this sector could meet 40% of UK electricity demand. 2 Secondly, base load electricity could be provided by gigawatt scale technologies mostly drawing energy from wind, rivers, and seas.Tidal stream, tidal estuary, tidal impoundment, wave power, and offshore wind could more than match the output of today's nuclear power. 3 In the short term, "balancing power" to compensate for intermittency would be provided by combined cycle gas power plants.In the longer term, surplus electricity, which is an intrinsic problem with renewables, will be directed to producing hydrogen for grid connected gigawatt scale fuel cells in a symbiotic coupling with high energy density renewables installations.All this will, of course, depend on massive government investment, but so would nuclear energy.On the demand side, buildings are the biggest carbon culprits.The only effective answer, embracing both new and existing buildings, is the concept of the carbon budget, enforcible by law.This could also be adapted for transport.These have complex implications, perhaps for another time.
Effect of diet and age on jejunal and circulating lymphocyte subsets in children with coeliac disease: persistence of CD4-8-intraepithelial T cells through treatment.
Authors: M A Verkasalo, A Arato, E Savilahti, V M Tainio
Journal: Gut (1990)

<h3>Background</h3> Focal hand dystonia has been associated with morphometric changes and distorted somatotopic representations in the putamen. <h3>Objective</h3> The authors used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to identify regions in the putamen where grey-matter volume is associated with musician9s dystonia (MD) or the skill level of piano playing in professional pianists. <h3>Methods</h3> In 11 pianists with MD affecting the right hand and 12 healthy pianists without dystonia, the authors performed high-resolution T1-weighted MRI of the brain. The authors also measured the temporal variability of key strokes during scale playing with the right hand to characterise the individual skill level of piano playing. Statistical comparisons of the normalised and smoothed grey-matter maps were performed to test for dystonia and performance-related structural changes in the putamen. <h3>Results</h3> During scale playing, the timing of consecutive key strokes was more variable in MD patients than in non-dystonic pianists. Regional grey-matter volume in the middle part of left and right putamen increased with timing variability during piano playing in pianists with and without MD. Between-group comparisons revealed that MD patients had a larger grey-matter volume in the right middle putamen compared with healthy musicians. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In highly trained pianists with and without MD, the volume of the associative motor territory in the middle putamen reflects both the skill level of piano playing and the presence of dystonia. While a smaller volume is associated with better timing skills, a relative expansion is correlated with the presence of focal task-specific hand dystonia.
Short- and long-term clinical outcome after Q wave and non-Q wave myocardial infarction in a large patient population.
Authors: P Nicod, E Gilpin, H Dittrich, R Polikar, A Hjalmarson, A R Blacky, H Henning, J Ross
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Prognosis for patients with non-Q wave myocardial infarction is controversial although a number of studies have shown a less favorable outlook after hospital discharge for patients with non-Q wave than for those with Q wave infarction. Therefore, the in-hospital and 1-year prognosis was investigated in a sufficiently large patient population (n = 2,024) to allow stratification by subgroups, in particular by age and previous myocardial infarction. Patients with non-Q wave infarction (n = 444; 22% of the total study population) were somewhat older (65 vs. 63 years, p less than 0.001) and had an increased incidence of previous myocardial infarction (46% vs. 24%, p less than 0.001) and congestive heart failure (21% vs. 8%, p less than 0.001) than patients with Q wave infarction. In-hospital mortality of patients with non-Q wave infarction was lower (8.1% vs. 11.5%; p less than 0.06), whereas their 1-year mortality after hospital discharge was significantly higher (13.7% vs. 9.2%, p less than 0.05) than for patients with Q wave infarction. However, total mortalities at 1 year were nearly equal. When patients were subgrouped by presence or absence of a previous myocardial infarction, patients in both subgroups exhibited mortality patterns typical of the entire population with Q wave or non-Q wave infarction. However, when stratified by age and previous infarction, in-hospital mortality for patients with non-Q wave infarction was significantly lower only in patients older than 70 years of age. Similarly, the higher mortality after hospital discharge in patients with non-Q wave infarction occurred only in patients older than 70 years of age without previous myocardial infarction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)