tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer Affects microRNA Expression, Release, and Function in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Daohong Chen, Chirayu P. Goswami, Riesa M. Burnett, Manjushree Anjanappa, Poornima Bhat-Nakshatri, William Muller, Harikrishna Nakshatri
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) are emerging as important biomarkers of various diseases, including cancer. Intriguingly, circulating levels of several miRNAs are lower in patients with cancer compared with healthy individuals. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a circulating miRNA might serve as a surrogate of the effects of cancer on miRNA expression or release in distant organs. Here we report that circulating levels of the muscle-enriched miR486 is lower in patients with breast cancer compared with healthy individuals and that this difference is replicated faithfully in MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-Her2 transgenic mouse models of breast cancer. In tumor-bearing mice, levels of miR486 were relatively reduced in muscle, where there was elevated expression of the miR486 target genes PTEN and FOXO1A and dampened signaling through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Skeletal muscle expressed lower levels of the transcription factor MyoD, which controls miR486 expression. Conditioned media (CM) obtained from MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-Her2/Neu tumor cells cultured in vitro were sufficient to elicit reduced levels of miR486 and increased PTEN and FOXO1A expression in C2C12 murine myoblasts. Cytokine analysis implicated tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and four additional cytokines as mediators of miR486 expression in CM-treated cells. Because miR486 is a potent modulator of PI3K/AKT signaling and the muscle-enriched transcription factor network in cardiac/skeletal muscle, our findings implicated TNFα-dependent miRNA circuitry in muscle differentiation and survival pathways in cancer. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4270–81. ©2014 AACR.
Myocardial SPECT and Left Ventricular Performance Study Using a Single Tc-99m Teboroxime Injection Comparison With Thallium-201 Myocardial SPECT
Authors: MOTOO OSHIMA, MASATO ISHIHARA, MIYOSHI OHNO, SHUHEI HAYASE, MITSUHIRO YOKOTA, AKITADA ANDO, HIROSHI AKANABE, KENGO ITO, SADAYUKI SAKUMA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Myocardial SPECT using teboroxime was compared to thallium SPECT in 26 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Agreement between thallium SPECT and teboroxime SPECT for the identification of myocardial segments was 209/235 (89%). A significant correlation was found in 15 patients between the left ventricular ejection fraction by teboroxime first-pass study and the ejection fraction by contrast ventriculography. In nine patients with myocardial infarction and/or multivessel coronary artery disease, the ejection fraction revealed a mean decrease from 0.52 at rest to 0.46 at exercise. Teboroxime makes it possible to perform an exercise first-pass study of left ventricular ejection fraction followed by myocardial perfusion imaging.
Principles Underlying the Classification of Diseases of the Nervous System
Authors: Smith Ely Jelliffe, William A. White
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The action of sodium lauryl sulphate on rat skin-an ultrastructural study
Authors: P. W. A. TOVELL, A. C. WEAVER, J. HOPE, W. E. SPROTT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

An assessment was made of the ultrastructural changes in the epidermis of clipped rat skin following six washings over 3 days with 1% sodium lauryl sulphate. Findings included deposition of lipid in most cells, marked spongiosis and vesiculation, partial detachment of basal cells from the basal lamina, isolated rupture of the basal lamina, condensation of tonofibrils within cells of the stratum basale and stratum spinosum, protein deposition between the deeper epidermal cells (epidermal oedema/blister formation) and thickening of the epidermis and stratum corneum. There was a reduc‐tion in the number of keratohyalin granules, with no change in their structure or average size. A 1% solution of sodium lauryl sulphate can cause marked general damage to the epidermis of clipped rat skin under the conditions described above.
Apoptosis bcl-2 and nitrotyrosine expression in an angioplasty-restenosis rabbit: An experimental model
Authors: Ioannis K. Toumpoulis, Vassiliki D. Malamou-Mitsi, Lampros K. Michalis, Christos Katsouras, Georgia Gloustianou, Dimitrios Galaris, Mary Bai, Dimitrios Vardakas, Niki J. Agnantis, Dimitrios A. Sideris
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2007)
Studies on the clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of low-dose arsenic trioxide in the treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia: a comparison with conventional dosage
Authors: Y Shen, Z-X Shen, H Yan, J Chen, X-Y Zeng, J-M Li, X-S Li, W Wu, S-M Xiong, W-L Zhao, W Tang, F Wu, Y-F Liu, C Niu, Z-Y Wang, S-J Chen, Z Chen
Journal: Leukemia (2001)
Tests to detect asymptomatic urinary tract infection
Authors: D. M. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —I read with some concern the study by Bachman et al 1 concerning the various tests for detecting AUTIs in an obstetric population.  There are two issues addressed by the authors. The first relates to the question of the best method for detecting an AUTI. The other relates to the cost of screening procedures. Unfortunately, the authors have made conclusions concerning both questions that are unwarranted and misleading. The authors concluded that detection of AUTI with dipsticks is a satisfactory or low-cost way to handle the problem of AUTIs.  There is no doubt that detection of AUTIs during pregnancy is necessary, and treatment prevents pyelonephritis in 60% to 80% of those women and prevents premature delivery of infants with their complications and costs.  The authors impugn urinalysis as too insensitive for detecting AUTI, although they have selected against sensitivity by arbitrarily choosing more than 10 or more
Prostacyclin infusion in haemolytic-uraemic syndrome of children.
Authors: T J Beattie, A V Murphy, M L Willoughby, J J Belch
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was repeatedly isolated.The P aeruginosa was treated with a 10-day course of gentamicin.Radical curettage of the subtalar joint was performed and during the next year the discharge stopped and radiography showed diminution of cavity size with ankylosis.She sub- sequently walked well.Intradermal skin tests for M fortuitum were performed using ranin 1, 2, and 4 and chelonin, which are antigens specific for M fortuitum serotypes 1, 2, and 4 and M chelonei respectively.A 0 1 ml volume of each was injected, and after 72 hours she had areas of induration 6 mm in diameter at the site of the serotype 4 injection but less than 3 mm at the M chelonei site, and no response at the other two sites.Induration of 5 mm or more is considered to be positive.
Respiratory and Circulatory Studies of Patients with Mitral Stenosis
Authors: PIER C. CURTI, GOODMAN COHEN, BENJAMIN CASTLEMAN, J. GORDON SCANNELL, ALLAN L. FRIEDLICH, GORDON S. MYERS
Journal: Circulation (1953)

Sixteen patients with severe mitral stenosis have been studied by means of cardiac catheterization, ventilatory and respiratory tests. A decrease in the oxygen diffusing capacity and an increase in venous admixture were observed in a majority of the cases. The degree of pulmonary arterial and arteriolar abnormality observed in lung biopsies failed to correlate with the pulmonary arteriolar resistances calculated from the hemodynamic data. It is suggested that reversible vasoconstriction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the pulmonary hypertension associated with mitral stenosis.
Methods in health service research: Evaluation of health interventions at area and organisation level
Authors: O. C Ukoumunne, M. C Gulliford, S. Chinn, J. A C Sterne, P. G J Burney, A. Donner
Journal: BMJ (1999)

This is the second of four articles

Healthcare interventions are often implemented at the level of the organisation or geographical area rather than at the level of the individual patient or healthy subject. For example, screening programmes are delivered to residents of a particular area; health promotion interventions might be delivered to towns or schools; general practitioners deliver services to general practice populations; hospital specialists deliver health care to clinic populations. Interventions at area or organisation level are delivered to clusters of individuals.

The evaluation of interventions based in an area or organisation may require the allocation of clusters of individuals to different intervention groups (see box 1).1 2 Cluster based evaluations present special problems both in design and analysis.3 Often only a small number of organisational units of large size are available for study, and the investigator needs to consider the most effective way of designing a study with this constraint. Outcomes may be evaluated either at cluster level or at individual level (table).4 Often cluster level interventions are aimed at modifying the outcomes of the individuals within clusters, and it will then be important to recognise that outcomes for individuals within the same organisation may tend to be more similar than for individuals in different organisational clusters (see box 2). This dependence between individuals in the same cluster has important implications for the design and analysis of organisation based studies.2 This paper addresses these issues.

#### Summary points

Health interventions are often implemented at the levels of health service organisational unit or of geographical or administrative area

The unit of intervention is then a cluster of individual patients or healthy subject

Evaluation of cluster level interventions may be difficult because only a few units of large size may be available for study, evaluation may be at …
A Phase 1 Open-Label Fixed-Sequence Two-Period Crossover Study of the Effect of Multiple Doses of Tamoxifen on Palbociclib (PD-0332991) Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Male Volunteers
Authors: J.T. Hoffman, M. O'Gorman, C. Loi, A. Plotka, L. Kirkovsky, T. Boutros, C. Gallo Stampino, D. Wang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Closed-Chest Cardiac Massage in the Newborn Infant
Authors: Donald H. Mathews, Mary E. Avery, James R. Jude
Journal: JAMA (1963)

RESUSCITATION of the newborn infant has been a problem that has commanded the attention of obstetricians, pediatricians, and general practitioners for many years. In 1890, William T. Lusk<sup>1</sup>discussed life saving methods in still-births at a meeting of the New York Academy of Medicine. Several of the discussants of Lusk's paper on this subject, as well as the author, advocated the aspiration of the trachea and bronchi by means of rubber catheters as a necessary prerequisite to adequate pulmonary ventilation. Various other forms of external stimulation were suggested which are still part of the stock-in-trade of all obstetricians. There was no specific mention of cardiac massage. Galos and Surks in 1957<sup>2</sup>were apparently the first to consider and successfully apply the method of open-chest cardiac massage in newborns. Since then several papers on this subject have appeared.<sup>3-6</sup>These results have been summarized by Sutherland and Epple<sup>7</sup>
Multi-institutional Oncogenic Driver Mutation Analysis in Lung Adenocarcinoma: The Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium Experience
Authors: Lynette M. Sholl, Dara L. Aisner, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Lynne D. Berry, Dora Dias-Santagata, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Heidi Chen, Junya Fujimoto, Kelly Kugler, Wilbur A. Franklin, A. John Iafrate, Marc Ladanyi, Mark G. Kris, Bruce E. Johnson, Paul A. Bunn, John D. Minna, David J. Kwiatkowski
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis From Ruptured Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: Ming Tye Gi, Yvonne Y. Ho
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

A 76-year-old woman with a history of end-stage renal failure on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was admitted for suspected peritonitis. The patient failed to improve with antibiotics. An abdominal ultrasound showed a large mass in the right lobe of the liver and gross ascites. An elevated alpha-fetoprotein level was noted biochemically. A staging bone scan showed diffuse heterogeneous uptake in the abdomen, confirmed to be secondary to peritoneal metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma on computed tomography. This case illustrates a rare presentation of peritoneal metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma revealed on bone scintigraphy.
p53 Short Peptide (p53pep164) Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Factor/Cytokine Expression
Authors: Xiaoren Tang, Manuel Molina, Salomon Amar
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The p53 protein is a sequence-specific DNA-binding factor that can induce apoptosis or activate genes whose dysregulation is involved in cancer. By using serial analysis of gene expression technique, p53-induced genes (PIGs) have been identified, one of which was lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) factor (LITAF/PIG7). LITAF regulates the transcription of cytokines such as TNF-α. To further elucidate the role of p53 in LITAF expression, LITAF promoter activity was carefully dissected. In this study, we found that the element required for transcriptional activity is mainly located in the region from −990 to −500 of the LITAF promoter; the specific site required for p53 protein-DNA binding is located between −550 and −500. We also found that transient transfection of either a p53 short DNA sequence, called p53LFB12, or its corresponding 7-amino-acid synthetic peptide from amino acids 164 to 170 (K164Q165S166Q167H168M169T170), named p53pep164, significantly reduced LITAF promoter activity to 15% in p53-null H1299 cells. Transfection of p53pep164 into H1299 cells significantly down-regulated LPS-induced LITAF expression as well. Furthermore, transfection of p53pep164 into human monocytes resulted in down-regulation of nine proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α. We also found that the LPS-activated p53 is a short-lived protein, and that p53-orchestrated apoptosis occurs shortly after the initiation stage following LPS stimulation and lasts a short time. Once p53 levels return to baseline, the p53-mediated inhibition of LITAF is released, and LITAF-mediated cytokine production can proceed. The present finding proposes a novel link between p53 and the inflammatory processes and highlights potential interventional approaches to control p53-associated inflammatory processes. [Cancer Res 2007;67(3):1308–16]
The Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Bony Lesions in Bone Scanning
Authors: SHYH-ING GUAN, LEE-SHING CHU, WEN-SHENG HWANG, WEI-LIAN CHEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

For the evaluation of bony metastases in cancer patients, bone scanning has become an important tool, but some limitations exist. One of these is the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant bony lesions, in which bone scanning shows one or more lesions in the spine. To help solve this, bone scintigraphy was performed 4 and 24 hours after intravenous injection of Tc-99m MDP; the ratio of radiouptake in the lesion and normal spine was measured as 24-hr/4-hr (T/F) ratio. Fifty-four patients with an average age of 56 years were studied and divided into two groups. Group A included 34 patients (17 women and 17 men) with bony metastases. Group B included 20 patients (8 women and 12 men) with radiographically proven benign bony lesions and no evidence of cancer. An LFOV Elscint Apex 400 digital gamma camera and an Informatek Simis 5 nuclear minicomputer were used. The results showed that the T/F ratio of Group A was 1.3 +/- 0.15 (mean +/- SD) and that of Group B was 1.0 +/- 0.12 (mean +/- SD). The P value was less than 0.001. We conclude that the ratio of radiouptake of lesions and normal spine at 24 and 4 hours may be a reliable method of differentiating benign bony lesions from malignant lesions.
Specific targeting of the vasculature of gastric cancer by a new tumor-homing peptide CGNSNPKSC
Authors: Xiaoli Hui, Yu Han, Shuhui Liang, Zhiguo Liu, Jingtao Liu, Liu Hong, Lina Zhao, Li He, Shanshan Cao, Bei Chen, Kun Yan, Bin Jin, Na Chai, Jing Wang, Kaichun Wu, Daiming Fan
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
How accurate are quotations and references in medical journals?
Authors: G de Lacey, C Record, J Wade
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The accuracy of quotations and references in six medical journals published during January 1984 was assessed. The original author was misquoted in 15% of all references, and most of the errors would have misled readers. Errors in citation of references occurred in 24%, of which 8% were major errors--that is, they prevented immediate identification of the source of the reference. Inaccurate quotations and citations are displeasing for the original author, misleading for the reader, and mean that untruths become "accepted fact." Some suggestions for reducing these high levels of inaccuracy are that papers scheduled for publication with errors of citation should be returned to the author and checked completely and a permanent column specifically for misquotations could be inserted into the journal.
Bupivacaine versus bupivacaine plus fentanyl for epidural analgesia: effect on maternal satisfaction.
Authors: J D Murphy, K Henderson, M I Bowden, M Lewis, G M Cooper
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To compare a combination of epidural fentanyl and bupivacaine with bupivacaine alone for epidural analgesia in labour and to evaluate factors in addition to analgesia that may influence maternal satisfaction. DESIGN--A prospective randomised pilot study. SETTING--Birmingham Maternity Hospital. SUBJECTS--85 primiparous women who requested epidural analgesia in labour and their babies. INTERVENTIONS--Group 1 mothers were treated with bupivacaine conventionally, group 2 mothers with bupivacaine and fentanyl in a more complex way designed to provide satisfactory analgesia but with less troublesome side effects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Overall maternal satisfaction, maternal perception of epidural analgesia and its side effects, and aspects of mothers9 psychological states during labour, quantified using 100 mm visual linear analogue scales; the frequency of normal and operative deliveries; and measurements of neonatal wellbeing. RESULTS--Satisfaction was higher in group 2 mothers (median group difference +3 mm, 95% confidence interval +1 to +5, p = 0.012): this was associated with more normal deliveries (difference between proportions 0.23, 95% confidence interval +0.03 to +0.42); greater self control (median group difference -7 mm, -17 to -2, p = 0.003); and reduced unpleasantness of motor blockade (-10 mm, -19 to -5, p less than 0.001), sensory blockade (-5 mm, -11 to -2, p = 0.002) and shivering (-5 mm, -18 to 0, p = 0.046) at the expense of mild itching (0 mm, 0 to 0, p less than 0.001). Group 1 mothers found restricted movements more unpleasant (-1 mm, -11 to 0, p = 0.006) and were more sleepy (-4 mm, -20 to 0, p = 0.032). The addition of fentanyl to bupivacaine reduced the requirement for local anaesthetic (-33 mg, -55 to -15, p less than 0.001) without compromising analgesia. No adverse effects in neonates were attributed to the use of fentanyl. CONCLUSIONS--The already high maternal satisfaction from conventional epidural analgesia can be improved; epidural fentanyl may be combined with bupivacaine to reduce operative deliveries and confer other advantages that may increase maternal satisfaction. Further investigations should be performed to determine the exact mechanisms of these findings and, in particular, to develop a safe method of delivering such analgesia to women.
Glucose-Insulin-Potassium Therapy in Patients With STEMI—Reply
Authors: Abhinav Goyal
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
894. Selective Targeting of GABAergic Neurons Using rAAV: The Potential Role of EAAC1 in Seizure Susceptibility
Authors: Melodie L. Weller, Christopher J. Maki, Ida M. Stone, David J. Poulsen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Glutamate transporters function to control excitatory signaling by removal of glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Of this transporter family, low level expression of EAAC1/EAAT3 is primarily localized in a perisynaptic fashion on postsynaptic neurons. Unique to GABAergic neurons, EAAC1 is expressed presynpatically and functions to supply a primary source of glutamate for the synthesis of GABA via GAD65/GAD67. During excitotoxic insult, GABA response is enhanced to counter strong glutamate mediated signaling. Prior studies have noted diminished GABA synthesis in the presence of GABA synthesis and GABA stores increased susceptibility to seizure. The influence of enhanced EAAC1 expression has yet to be defined. While prior studies offered insight into the potential influence of EAAC1 on the GABA system, these studies lacked the ability to selectively evaluate the role of GABAergic EAAC1 in GABA synthesis and role of this glutamate transporter in seizure susceptibility.