tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3531: Papillary thyroid carcinomas with and without lymph node metastasis show differences in tumor-infiltrating leukocytes
Authors: Trevor E. Angell, Adrian J. Correa, Kate Kang, Rikki S. Bass, Connor H. Church, Alan L. Epstein
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy with approximately 48,000 new cases expected in 2011. Additionally, the incidence has doubled over the last three decades. While 20-year survival rates are extremely high with usual therapy, 15% will have recurrence and 5-10% will die from their disease. If refractory to standard treatment, no sufficient adjuvant therapies are available. Cancer immunotherapy uses a patient's own immune system to recognize and eliminate malignant cells. The potential advantages of this approach over conventional treatments include the systemic trafficking of immune cells to treat primary and metastatic disease, inherent antigen-specificity of adaptive immunity to minimize collateral damage, and most importantly, the induction of immunological memory to prevent recurrent disease. The degree and type of immune response are poorly understood in thyroid cancer. In this study, papillary thyroid cancer samples, with normal tissue matched to the same specimen, from de-identified patients were obtained retrospectively from the Norris Cancer Center Tumor Bank and stained using immunohistochemistry with antibodies specific for CD8 and CD16. Sections were evaluated for tumor-infiltrating leukocyte location, intra-tumor versus invading margin, and percentage of CD8 or CD16 positive lymphocytes, respectively. The results were analyzed for correlation between immune infiltrate and clinical parameters. Nineteen cases of papillary thyroid cancer were studied. The mean patient age was 40 years (range 22-55). Seven of nineteen patients had lymph node metastasis. An organized lymphocytic infiltration was seen in seven samples and was significantly correlated with the presence with CD8+ and CD16+ cells, at the invading margin and tumor parenchyma, respectively. Age &amp;lt;40 years was significantly associated with this pattern of CD8+ and CD16+ cells compared to those older than 40. Lymph node metastasis was significantly association with an increased level of intra-tumoral CD8+ cell infiltration and there was a non-significant trend towards a positive association between nodal metastasis and intra-tumoral CD16+ cell infiltration. The present study demonstrates an increase in cell-mediated immune infiltration in samples that have nodal metastases versus those that do not, suggesting that immune therapy may be utilized in the future treatment of aggressive thyroid carcinoma to improve disease response. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3531. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3531
Tetraspanin CD151 maintains vascular stability by balancing the forces of cell adhesion and cytoskeletal tension
Authors: Feng Zhang, Jarett E. Michaelson, Simon Moshiach, Norman Sachs, Wenyuan Zhao, Yao Sun, Arnoud Sonnenberg, Jill M. Lahti, Hayden Huang, Xin A. Zhang
Journal: Blood (2011)
Repeated Paroxysmal Failure of Sight in Connection with Heart-Disease
Authors: E. Nettleship
Journal: BMJ (1879)

THB BRITISHr AEDIFCAL 7OURNAL -8 was very much more considerable than in the museles already men- tioned.There was no affection of sensation.The patient was prescrbed tonics and ood-liver oil, and the constant current was o dered to be applied to the leg every day (labile applica.tion current as strong as she could comfortably bear it).After about three months' treatment, the patient was discharged without improvement.
Brisk walking and high density lipoprotein cholesterol: Authors' reply
Authors: A Hardman, A Hudson, P R M Jones, N G Norgan
Journal: BMJ (1990)

This should certainly be assessed prior to com- mitting substantial resources to population based screening for ovarian cancer.The United Kingdom Coordinating Committee for Cancer Research has highlighted other areas where information is lacking and required before pursuing screening for epithelial ovarian cancer.
Antisense Oligonucleotide Lowers Plasma Levels of Apolipoprotein (a) and Lipoprotein (a) in Transgenic Mice
Authors: Esther Merki, Mark Graham, Adam Taleb, Gregor Leibundgut, Xiaohong Yang, Elizabeth R. Miller, Wuxia Fu, Adam E. Mullick, Richard Lee, Peter Willeit, Rosanne M. Crooke, Joseph L. Witztum, Sotirios Tsimikas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The Ships Medicine Chest and Medical Aid at Sea
Authors: William R. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This is the first revision since 1955 of a book that dates back to 1881. It is intended as a guide for officers aboard ship who may have to treat illnesses and injury without the aid of a physician or nurse. This, however, is more than a book on first aid. It is a textbook of primary medical care and is remarkably complete and detailed on how to diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries. Chapter 1 summarized the structure and function of the different organ systems, and chapter 2 is a most excellent description of how to take a medical history and perform a physical examination. The illustrations are particularly good and clearly depict common medical procedures so that if occasion demanded they could be performed by someone with little medical training. The chapter that deals with infectious diseases is complete because those who travel the world by ship are
Pharmacogenetics of minimal residual disease response in children with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Stella M. Davies, Michael J. Borowitz, Gary L. Rosner, Kristin Ritz, Meenakshi Devidas, Naomi Winick, Paul L. Martin, Paul Bowman, James Elliott, Cheryl Willman, Soma Das, Edwin H. Cook, Mary V. Relling
Journal: Blood (2008)
The Prevention of Enteric Fever
Authors: A. G. Davey
Journal: BMJ (1881)

3. Compare the conditions under which the diseases in these two last heads prevail with those observed of enteric fever and diphtheria.4. Inferences may now be drawn which will be available as land- marks, or provisional propositions, with which to go to work in the con- struction of a theory of the origin of these two diseases.Allow me, in conclusion, to state what I look upon as correlated facts already known in the inquiry.
On Being a Doctor: Deflection of a Diagnosis
Authors: Paul C. Rousseau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters18 September 2007On Being a Doctor: Deflection of a DiagnosisPaul C. Rousseau, MDPaul C. Rousseau, MDFrom Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-6-200709180-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Annals of Internal Medicine recently published a piece I wrote for the On Being a Doctor series. In “Deflection of a Diagnosis” (1), I described the difficulty that a physician experienced in informing a terminally ill patient that he was dying. In fact, the physician was unable to tell the patient, instead deferring the discussion until a follow-up visit scheduled a week later. I have since received a few e-mails critical of my management of the case; however, I was not the physician in the scenario. I was merely an observer detailing the physician's angst in delivering ...Reference1. Rousseau P. Deflection of a diagnosis. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:146. [PMID: 17227939] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul C. Rousseau, MDAffiliations: From Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDeflection of a Diagnosis Paul Rousseau Metrics 18 September 2007Volume 147, Issue 6Page: 432KeywordsBehaviorConflicts of interestForecasting ePublished: 18 September 2007 Issue Published: 18 September 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Neuron-specific expression of a hamster prion protein minigene in transgenic mice induces susceptibility to hamster scrapie agent
Authors: Richard E. Race, Suzette A. Priola, Richard A. Bessen, Darwin Ernst, Janel Dockter, Glenn F. Rall, Lennart Mucke, Bruce Chesebro, Michael B.A. Oldstone
Journal: Neuron (1995)
High Dose Frusemide in Established Acute Renal Failure
Authors: F. Cantarovich, C. Galli, L. Benedetti, C. Chena, L. Castro, C. Correa, J. P. Loredo, J. C. Fernandez, A. Locatelli, J. Tizado
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The results of treatment with frusemide in 105 patients with established acute renal failure admitted during the past six years were reviewed and compared with control groups. Daily doses of 2,000 mg of frusemide administered from the day of admission onwards produced a significant increase in the number of patients who attained a diuresis and decreased the duration of oliguria. The reduction in the time spent in hospital and in the number of dialyses required suggests that the use of frusemide in these large doses is indicated in patients with severe established acute renal failure.
ROUND LIGAMENT VENTROSUSPENSION OF THE UTERUS.
Authors: D. TOD GILLIAM
Journal: JAMA (1901)

<h3>ARGUMENT.</h3> 1. All suspensions of the uterus, of whatever kind, are makeshifts. 2. Anchorage of the uterus by means of the round ligaments is the nearest approach to the ideal. 3. As a choice between evils the round ligament suspension is superior to all others, both from a physiological and utilitarian standpoint. 4. The author's method and its advantages. There is not, and never will be, an ideal suspension of the uterus in the sense that it meets all the requirements of a mobile organ, untrammelled in its functions and held within physiological limits. The nearest approximation to this condition as applied to the retroposed organ is found in the shortening of the round ligaments as devised by Alexander, and the nearest approach to an ideal operation for effecting this shortening is the modification of the Alexander operation as devised and practiced by Kellogg. But this is not a suspension
Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: a 27 year longitudinal population based study
Authors: Rachel A Whitmer, Erica P Gunderson, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Charles P Quesenberry, Kristine Yaffe
Journal: BMJ (2005)

To evaluate any association between obesity in middle age, measured by body mass index and skinfold thickness, and risk of dementia later in life.Analysis of prospective data from a multiethnic population based cohort.Kaiser Permanente Northern California Medical Group, a healthcare delivery organisation.10,276 men and women who underwent detailed health evaluations from 1964 to 1973 when they were aged 40-45 and who were still members of the health plan in 1994.Diagnosis of dementia from January 1994 to April 2003. Time to diagnosis was analysed with Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, race, education, smoking, alcohol use, marital status, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, stroke, and ischaemic heart disease.Dementia was diagnosed in 713 (6.9%) participants. Obese people (body mass index > or = 30) had a 74% increased risk of dementia (hazard ratio 1.74, 95% confidence interval 1.34 to 2.26), while overweight people (body mass index 25.0-29.9) had a 35% greater risk of dementia (1.35, 1.14 to 1.60) compared with those of normal weight (body mass index 18.6-24.9). Compared with those in the lowest fifth, men and women in the highest fifth of the distribution of subscapular or tricep skinfold thickness had a 72% and 59% greater risk of dementia, respectively (1.72, 1.36 to 2.18, and 1.59, 1.24 to 2.04).Obesity in middle age increases the risk of future dementia independently of comorbid conditions.
PWE-085 Age-related changes in diverticular disease admissions in Scottish hospitals 2000–2010: Abstract PWE-085 Table 1
Authors: H Paterson, I Arnott
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Recent studies suggest that acute admissions for diverticular disease (DD) are increasing in younger age groups. Verification of this trend in Scotland and examination of treatment patterns by age will help in the understanding of DD and may establish better hospital treatment pathways for DD patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The Scottish Morbidity Record (SMR01) Linked Database was utilised to extract data on hospital admissions with a primary diagnosis of DD (ICD-10 code K572-K579) from 2000 to 2010. These were categorised into three treatment groups: diagnostic (investigational), medical (ie, receiving medical therapy only) and surgical (ie, having an operation). For each group, the incidence of admissions was determined by year of admission and then stratified by age (&lt;45, 45–54, 55–64, 65–74, 75–84 and 85+ years). Proportions of admissions by age group were determined. <h3>Results</h3> Admissions for DD increased from 6591 in 2000 to 10 228 in 2010 (55%). The largest numerical increase (2957, 57.1%) was seen in diagnostic admissions, while the greatest percentage change was seen in medical admissions (688, 73.1%). Surgical interventions remained stable (Abstract PWE-085 table 1). There was little difference in the age-related incidence of diagnostic admissions between 2000 and 2010. In patients &lt;55 years, medical admissions increased between 2000 and 2010 (17.6% [166/941] vs 25.7% [418/1629]). The proportion of surgical admissions in patients 55–64 years also increased (19.2% to 28.5%) but decreased in the 65–74 year group (29.1% to 22.9%). There was little change in admission types among other age groups between 2000 and 2010. <h3>Conclusion</h3> DD admissions are increasing in Scotland due to rises in diagnostic and medical admissions. There was no age-related change in the proportion of diagnostic admissions between 2000 and 2010, but there was an increase in DD patients &lt;55 years managed medically. There appeared to be a shift away from surgery in patients 65–74 years towards those in the age band 55–64 years. <h3>Competing interests</h3> H Paterson Grant/Research Support from: Shire Pharmaceuticals Inc, I Arnott Grant/Research Support from: Shire Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Prison doctor should not have worked unsupervised, says inquiry
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The Prison Service was sharply criticised last week by an independent inquiry into the death of a prisoner who had an asthma attack in his cell. Paul Wright, aged 33, died at Armley prison, Leeds, in 1996. The prison doctor charged with his care, Dr Kumar Narain Singh, had been forbidden to practise unsupervised by the General Medical Council.

Dr Singh was disciplined several times for clinical failings by the professional conduct committee of the GMC between 1994 and 1999. He …
Effect of chlorocamphene on the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase in rat serum and liver.
Authors: U A Kuz'minskaya, S M Alekhina
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Rats were used to study the general activity and the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) during single-instance and long-term introduction of polychlorocamphene. Total lactate dehydrogenase activity decreases in the liver during the single-instance introduction of half the LD50 (120 mg/kg). The isoenzyme spectrum of LDH is characterized by an increase in the quantity of LDH1, LDH2, and LDH3 and by a decrease in the amount of LDH4. The overall LDH activity does not change in blood serum. The isoform ratio changes insignificantly and LDH1 falls, but normalized 15 days after the introduction of the compound. Long-term introduction of polychlorocamphene at levels 1/100 the LD50 dose over 1.3 and 6 months causes a reduction in the overall LDH activity, both in the liver and in the serum. A decrease in the activity of the basic LDH isoenzyme of the liver (LDH5) and a sharp increase in LDH3 are characteristic for the isoenzyme spectrum of the liver. LDH1 and LDH4 decrease and LDH2 and LDH3 increase in blood serum. Beginning with the third month of polychlorocamphene introduction, LDH1 tends to return to normal levels. LDH2, LDH3, and LDH4 do return to normal levels, while LDH5 increases regularly. This results in a reduction of the number of H subunits and an increase of M subunits. This is characteristic of hypoxic states. On comparing the changes in the LDH enzymes of the liver and blood serum, it can be considered that the introduction of polychlorocamphene does not result in an increase in the permeability of the cellular membranes of the liver for LDH isoenzymes, while the observed isoenzyme spectrum shifts in blood serum are either the result of the biosynthesis of the isoforms of this enzyme changed by the compound or the result of the permeability for them of cells of other tissues.
Listening to a personal music player is associated with fewer but more serious injuries among snowboarders in a terrain park: a case-control study
Authors: Kelly Russell, Willem Meeuwisse, Alberto Nettel-Aguirre, Carolyn A Emery, Shantel Gushue, Jillian Wishart, Nicole Romanow, Brian H Rowe, Claude Goulet, Brent E Hagel
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Some snowboarders listen to music on a personal music player and the objective was to determine if listening to music was associated with injury in a terrain park.A case-control study was conducted at a terrain park in Alberta, Canada during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 winter seasons. Cases were snowboarders who were injured in the terrain park and presented to either the ski patrol and/or a nearby emergency department (ED). Demographic, environmental and injury characteristics were collected from standardised ski patrol Accident Report Forms, ED medical records and telephone interviews. Controls were uninjured snowboarders using the same terrain park and were interviewed as they approached the lift-line on randomly selected days and times. Multivariable logistic regression determined if listening to music was associated with the odds of snowboard injury.Overall, 333 injured cases and 1261 non-injured controls were enrolled; 69 (21%) cases and 425 (34%) controls were listening to music. Snowboarders listening to music had significantly lower odds of injury compared with those not listening to music (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.68; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.98). Snowboarders listening to music had significantly higher odds of presenting to the ED versus ski patrol only compared with those not listening to music (adjusted OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.07 to 4.05).While listening to music decreased the odds of any injury in the terrain park, it increased the odds of an injury resulting in ED presentation.
Discontinuation of Smokeless Tobacco and Mortality Risk After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Gabriel Arefalk, Kristina Hambraeus, Lars Lind, Karl Michaëlsson, Bertil Lindahl, Johan Sundström
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Given the indications of increased risk for fatal myocardial infarction (MI) in people who use snus, a moist smokeless tobacco product, we hypothesized that discontinuation of snus use after an MI would reduce mortality risk.All patients who were admitted to coronary care units for an MI in Sweden between 2005 and 2009 and were <75 years of age underwent a structured examination 2 months after discharge (the baseline of the present study). We investigated the risk of mortality in post-MI snus quitters (n=675) relative to post-MI continuing snus users (n=1799) using Cox proportional hazards analyses. During follow-up (mean 2.1 years), 83 participants died. The mortality rate was 9.7 (95% confidence interval, 5.7-16.3) per 1000 person-years at risk in post-MI snus quitters and 18.7 (14.8-23.6) per 1000 person-years at risk in post-MI continuing snus users. After adjustment for age and sex, post-MI snus quitters had half the mortality risk of post-MI continuing snus users (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.91). In a multivariable-adjusted model, the hazard ratio was 0.57 (95% confidence interval, 0.32-1.02). The corresponding estimate for people who quit smoking after MI versus post-MI continuing smokers was 0.54 (95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.69).In this study, discontinuation of snus use after an MI was associated with a nearly halved mortality risk, similar to the benefit associated with smoking cessation. These observations suggest that the use of snus after MI should be discouraged.
Expression of Notch-1 and its ligand Jagged-1 in rat liver during liver regeneration
Authors: Christoph Köhler, Aaron W. Bell, William C. Bowen, Satdarshan P. Monga, Wolfgang Fleig, George K. Michalopoulos
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The Notch/Jagged signaling pathway is important for cellular differentiation and proliferation. Its dysfunction is associated with human pathologies in several tissues including liver. Point mutations in Jagged-1 gene are the cause for Alagille syndrome, associated with paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts. To determine the putative role of the trans-membrane receptor Notch and its ligand Jagged-1 in liver regeneration, we investigated the expression of Notch and Jagged-1 in rat liver following 2/3 partial hepatectomy. Immunohistochemical staining of normal rat liver showed that Notch was expressed in hepatocytes, bile duct cells and endothelial cells, whereas Jagged-1 was expressed in bile duct cells and hepatocytes. Both Notch-1 and Jagged-1 proteins were upregulated in hepatocytes after partial hepatectomy up to day 4. After partial hepatectomy, nuclear translocation of the intracellular cytoplasmic domain of Notch (NICD) increased and peaked within 15 minutes, indicating the activation of Notch. Expression of the Notch-dependent target gene (HES-1) expression increased within 30-60 minutes. Addition of recombinant Jagged-1 protein to primary cultures of hepatocytes stimulated hepatocyte DNA synthesis. Furthermore, injection of silencing RNA for Notch and Jagged-1 to livers 2 days before partial hepatectomy significantly suppressed proliferation of hepatocytes at days 2 to 4 of the regenerative response. In conclusion, Notch/Jagged signaling pathway is activated during liver regeneration and is potentially contributing to signals affecting cell growth and differentiation. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website ( http://interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html ). (Hepatology 2004;39:1056-1065.)