tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1384: Axl and VE-cadherin expression as markers of angiogenesis in human breast cancers
Authors: Kristi Anne Veien, Kristi Krüger, Ingunn Stefansson, Jarle B. Arnes, Karin Collett, Lars A. Akslen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: The aim of our study was to investigate vascular expression of Axl and VE-cadherin as potential markers of angiogenesis in human breast carcinoma. Materials and methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed using antibodies against Axl and VE-cadherin. Expression was examined in a population-based series of breast cancers collected in Hordaland County (Norway) during 1996-2001. The series is a nested case-control study as part of the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program, and consists of 95 invasive interval cancers and 95 invasive screen detected cancers matched by tumor diameter. Positive microvessels were counted in 10 consecutive high power fields within hot-spot areas according to previously established criteria and expressed as microvessel density (MVD) by mean number of microvessels per mm2. Results: The MVD for Axl was associated with progesterone receptor status (p=0.026), HER-2 status (p=0.030) and basal-like phenotypes: CK5/6+ P-cadherin+ (p=0.009), ER- HER2-CK5/6+ (p=0.014) and ER- HER2- CK5/6+ and/or EGFR+ (p=0.027). In contrast, MVD by VE-cadherin expression (n=127) indicated negative associations with basal-like phenotypes: CK5/6+ or P-cadherin+ or EGFR+ (p=0.034), and ER- HER2- P-cadherin+ (p=0.003). VE-cadherin expression also tended to be associated with better patient survival (p=0.067). Conclusion: High MVD by vascular expression of Axl was associated with aggressive features in our breast cancer series, especially the basal-like phenotype, whereas MVD by VE-cadherin expression appeared to be related to less aggressive tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1384. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1384
Multipotent stem/progenitor cells in human biliary tree give rise to hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and pancreatic islets
Authors: Vincenzo Cardinale, Yunfang Wang, Guido Carpino, Cai-Bin Cui, Manuela Gatto, Massimo Rossi, Pasquale Bartolomeo Berloco, Alfredo Cantafora, Eliane Wauthier, Mark E. Furth, Luca Inverardi, Juan Dominguez-Bendala, Camillo Ricordi, David Gerber, Eugenio Gaudio, Domenico Alvaro, Lola Reid
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Multipotent stem/progenitors are present in peribiliary glands of extrahepatic biliary trees from humans of all ages and in high numbers in hepato-pancreatic common duct, cystic duct, and hilum. They express endodermal transcription factors (e.g., Sox9, SOX17, FOXA2, PDX1, HES1, NGN3, PROX1) intranuclearly, stem/progenitor surface markers (EpCAM, NCAM, CD133, CXCR4), and sometimes weakly adult liver, bile duct, and pancreatic genes (albumin, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator [CFTR], and insulin). They clonogenically expand on plastic and in serum-free medium, tailored for endodermal progenitors, remaining phenotypically stable as undifferentiated cells for months with a cell division initially every ≈36 hours and slowing to one every 2-3 days. Transfer into distinct culture conditions, each comprised of a specific mix of hormones and matrix components, yields either cords of hepatocytes (express albumin, CYP3A4, and transferrin), branching ducts of cholangiocytes (expressing anion exchanger-2-AE2 and CFTR), or regulatable C-peptide secreting neoislet-like clusters (expressing glucagon, insulin) and accompanied by changes in gene expression correlating with the adult fate. Transplantation into quiescent livers of immunocompromised mice results in functional human hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, whereas if into fat pads of streptozocin-induced diabetic mice, results in functional islets secreting glucose-regulatable human C-peptide. Conclusion: The phenotypes and availability from all age donors suggest that these stem/progenitors have considerable potential for regenerative therapies of liver, bile duct, and pancreatic diseases including diabetes. (Hepatology2011;)
Depressive Illness in a General Practice. A Demographic Study and a Controlled Trial of Imipramine
Authors: A. M. W. Porter
Journal: BMJ (1970)

The distribution of 93 consecutive cases of depressive illness in a Surrey general practice was found to be non-random. Married women were at risk, while men and unmarried women were largely spared. Married women were prone to the disorder at any time in their lives, and relapse was frequent. There was some suggestion that divorced wives and wives of low social class were particularly predisposed to the disorder. Sixty of the patients took part in a double-blind controlled trial of imipramine. There was no evidence that the drug was superior to a placebo in inducing a remission. It is suggested that imipramine has become established in clinical practice on inadequate evidence and that there is a need for further trials.
Novel Perspectives for Progesterone in Hormone Replacement Therapy, with Special Reference to the Nervous System
Authors: Michael Schumacher, Rachida Guennoun, Abdel Ghoumari, Charbel Massaad, Françoise Robert, Martine El-Etr, Yvette Akwa, Krzysztof Rajkowski, Etienne-Emile Baulieu
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2007)

The utility and safety of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy has recently been put into question by large clinical trials. Their outcome has been extensively commented upon, but discussions have mainly been limited to the effects of estrogens. In fact, progestagens are generally only considered with respect to their usefulness in preventing estrogen stimulation of uterine hyperplasia and malignancy. In addition, various risks have been attributed to progestagens and their omission from hormone replacement therapy has been considered, but this may underestimate their potential benefits and therapeutic promises. A major reason for the controversial reputation of progestagens is that they are generally considered as a single class. Moreover, the term progesterone is often used as a generic one for the different types of both natural and synthetic progestagens. This is not appropriate because natural progesterone has properties very distinct from the synthetic progestins. Within the nervous system, the neuroprotective and promyelinating effects of progesterone are promising, not only for preventing but also for reversing age-dependent changes and dysfunctions. There is indeed strong evidence that the aging nervous system remains at least to some extent sensitive to these beneficial effects of progesterone. The actions of progesterone in peripheral target tissues including breast, blood vessels, and bones are less well understood, but there is evidence for the beneficial effects of progesterone. The variety of signaling mechanisms of progesterone offers exciting possibilities for the development of more selective, efficient, and safe progestagens. The recognition that progesterone is synthesized by neurons and glial cells requires a reevaluation of hormonal aging.
The Hospice Movement
Authors: Susan W. Holinger
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—   EDITORIAL The Hospice Movement by John P. Callan, MD (241:600,1979), that appeared inThe Journalis distressing and often misleading.   purpose of hospice care is to help terminally ill patients die as comfortably as possible. Hospice care is not aimed at the unthinking prolongation of life: there are rarely intravenous lines, chemotherapy, monitoring of vital signs, or dramatic cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures involved. Hospices try to ensure that what remains of life is free from pain, that it be comfortable and satisfying for the patient and his family and friends whether at home or in a hospice facility.  There is little question that existing facilities (hospitals and nursing homes) could train personnel to care for the dying as well as a hospice can, but since goals of these facilities are different, they do not do so.   hospice involves the family in meeting the patient's needs
Duration of Survival in Patients with Myeloma Treated with Thalidomide
Authors: Bart Barlogie, John D. Shaughnessy, John Crowley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: Two years ago, we reported that the incorporation of thalidomide into high-dose therapy for myeloma increased the frequency of complete remission but not the duration of remission and extended event-free survival but not overall survival.1 We now report that after a median follow-up of 8 years, 399 patients remain alive and 286 are event-free, for median durations of 9 years and 5 years, respectively. Although the overall difference in the 8-year survival estimates of 56% for 323 patients who were randomly assigned to the thalidomide group and 45% for 345 patients in the control group was not . . .
Rupture of the Rectovaginal Septum at Parturition
Authors: M. R. Neely
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Rupture of the Rectovaginal Septum at ParturitionIsolated rupture, at parturition, of the rectovaginal septum without involvement of the perineum is a very rare obstet- rical accident.In this condition the sphincter mechanism remaitis intact in contrast to the more common injury to the septum which is due to extension into it of a third-degree perineal laceration.McNulty (1952), in a series of 75 cases of third-degree laceration occurring in a total of 14,080 patients, makes no
Computerized Liver Imaging: Relationship with Quantitatively Estimated Histological Parameters in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: C E GONZALEZ-REIMERS, F J SANTOLARIA-FERNANDEZ, N BATISTA-LOPEZ, F RODRIGUEZ-MORENO, J L GOMEZ-SIRVENT, A ALLENDE-RIERA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

In liver cirrhosis, increased splenic uptake of radiocolloid, causing the liver-to-spleen (L/S) ratio to decrease, is a characteristic finding, especially during advanced illness. Histologically, advanced liver cirrhosis shows progressive replacement of hepatic parenchyma by fibrous tracts, making it possible to quantify both image and histological parameters. On this basis, the authors performed this study in 39 alcoholic cirrhotic patients in order to determine the relationship between the L/S ratio and right-to-left hepatic lobe ratio (RL/LL) and the degree of fibrosis, fat droplet area, total fat amount, and hepatocyte area. The authors tested if it is possible to predict the degree of fibrosis on the basis of image features or on a combination of image and biochemical parameters, using multiple correlation studies. The degree of fibrosis correlates with the L/S ratio (r= — 0.48). The degree of correlation improved using prothrombin, gamma globulin and L/S ratio (r = 0,656), but not enough to allow an accurate estimation of the degree of fibrosis on the basis of a combination of imaging and biochemical data. Neither RL/LL nor L/S ratios significantly correlated with fatty infiltration, fat droplet area, or hepatocyte enlargement. Thus, liver imaging is not useful in quantifying the main histological changes observed in alcoholic liver cirrhosis.
Endoscopic treatment of gastric perforation caused by acute necrotizing pancreatitis using over-the-scope clips: a case report
Authors: A. Kirschniak, F. Traub, M. Kueper, D. Stüker, A. Königsrainer, T. Kratt
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Gastric perforation is a rare complication after acute necrotizing pancreatitis. We describe endoscopic closure of a gastric perforation that appeared 4 days after surgical necrosectomy including splenectomy due to necrotizing pancreatitis, using the over-the-scope clip (OTSC) system (Ovesco Endoscopy GmbH, Tübingen, Germany). The clips, which are made of nitinol, are loaded onto an application cap which is mounted on the distal tip of the endoscope. The lesion was closed with two clips and the patient recovered well without reinterventions. The lesions showed normal healing on follow-up.
Systemic High-Dose Corticosteroid Treatment Does Not Improve the Outcome of Ipilimumab-Related Hypophysitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Le Min, Frank Stephen Hodi, Anita Giobbie-Hurder, Patrick A. Ott, Jason J. Luke, Hilary Donahue, Meredith Davis, Rona S. Carroll, Ursula B. Kaiser
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: To examine the onset and outcome of ipilimumab-related hypophysitis and the response to treatment with systemic high-dose corticosteroids (HDS). Experimental Design: Twenty-five patients who developed ipilimumab-related hypophysitis were analyzed for the incidence, time to onset, time to resolution, frequency of resolution, and the effect of systemic HDS on clinical outcome. To calculate the incidence, the total number (187) of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with ipilimumab at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI; Boston, MA) was retrieved from the DFCI oncology database. Comparisons between corticosteroid treatment groups were performed using the Fisher exact test. The distributions of overall survival were based on the method of Kaplan–Meier. Results: The overall incidence of ipilimumab-related hypophysitis was 13%, with a higher rate in males (16.1%) than females (8.7%). The median time to onset of hypophysitis after initiation of ipilimumab treatment was 9 weeks (range, 5–36 weeks). Resolution of pituitary enlargement, secondary adrenal insufficiency, secondary hypothyroidism, male secondary hypogonadism, and hyponatremia occurred in 73%, 0%, 64%, 45%, and 92% of patients, respectively. Systemic HDS treatment did not improve the outcome of hypophysitis as measured by resolution frequency and time to resolution. One-year overall survival in the cohort of patients was 83%, and while it was slightly higher in patients who did not receive HDS, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment arms. Conclusion: Systemic HDS therapy in patients with ipilimumab-related hypophysitis may not be indicated. Instead, supportive treatment of hypophysitis-related hormone deficiencies with the corresponding hormone replacement should be given. Clin Cancer Res; 21(4); 749–55. ©2014 AACR.
Tightly regulated induction of the adhesion molecule necl-5/CD155 during rat liver regeneration and acute liver injury
Authors: Briana M. Erickson, Nancy L. Thompson, Douglas C. Hixson
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

TuAg1/TagE4, the rat ortholog of the human poliovirus receptor CD155, is expressed on a high percentage of rat hepatocellular carcinomas. Recent studies have shown that TuAg1/TagE4/CD155 is a member of the nectin family of immunoglobulin (Ig)-like cell adhesion molecules, designated necl-5. Necl-5 is present at exceedingly low levels in adult epithelial tissues but is upregulated in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, suggesting that disruption of liver architecture triggers its expression. To explore this possibility, we examined expression of necl-5 after two-thirds partial hepatectomy or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute injury. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), we found that necl-5 mRNA levels increased 15-fold by 9 hours, and decreased to 4-fold above baseline by 24 hours after partial hepatectomy. Necl-5 mRNA levels increased over 100-fold 6 hours after treatment with CCl4, reaching a peak of 140-fold above baseline by 10 hours, and thereafter rapidly declining. Necl-5 was localized at the membrane of midlobular and centrilobular hepatocytes 10 to 48 hours after CCl4 exposure. Northern blot analysis demonstrated a close correlation between the kinetics of necl-5 expression and the immediate-early response gene c-myc. Subconfluent cultures of the non-transformed liver epithelial cell line WB-F344 expressed high levels of necl-5, which was down-regulated as cells approached confluence. The transformed WB-F344 line GP7TB did not demonstrate density-dependent regulation of necl-5 expression. In conclusion, we report the in vivo induction of necl-5 in rat hepatocytes and provide evidence that both necl-5 mRNA and protein are tightly regulated in adult epithelial cells and tissue.
Abstract 4360: Involvement of intermediate filament nestin in cell growth of small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: Eiji Kunii, Osamu Takakuwa, Ken Maeno, Tetsuya Oguri, Midori Yokoyama, Hisatoshi Hijikata, Takehiro Uemura, Daishi Kasai, Hirotsugu Ohkubo, Mikinori Miyazaki, Akio Niimi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 13% of all newly diagnosed cases of lung cancer. Clinical progression of SCLC is rapid and aggressive. Unfortunately, 70% of SCLC cases have already metastasized at the time of diagnosis, and the recent median survival time and two-year survival rate in SCLC patients with extensive-stage disease is only 8-13 months and 5%, respectively. Clinical trials of SCLC treatments have been conducted since the mid-1980s, but have not achieved prolonged survival; this lack of success is likely due to a lack of appropriate target molecules. To improve outcomes for SCLC patients, new therapeutic strategies including novel molecular targets for SCLC are desired. Nestin is a class VI intermediate filament protein expressed in stem/progenitor cells during the development of the central nervous system. Nestin is detected in various types of tumors and reported to be involved in malignant phenotypes. Here, we investigated the expression and function of nestin in SCLC. At the beginning, protein expression of nestin and achaete-scute homolog 1 (ASH1) was studied in 21 lung cancer cell lines. Nestin was expressed in 9 of 10 SCLC cell lines. The nestin expression level in SCLC cell lines was significantly higher than that in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (P&amp;lt;0.01). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the expression levels of nestin and ASH1 in SCLC cell lines, but not in NSCLC cell lines. To assess the function of nestin, we transfected a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting nestin into two SCLC cell lines, DMS53 and SBC3, and then obtained cloned cells that showed apparent down-regulation of nestin. Nestin knock-down cells created by transfection with shRNA exhibited decreased invasion and cell proliferation capabilities. In conclusion, Nestin is expressed in SCLC in association with neuro-endocrine feature and participates in malignant phenotypes including cell growth. Therefore, nestin may be a novel therapeutic target of SCLC. Additional in vivo study will be needed. Citation Format: Eiji Kunii, Osamu Takakuwa, Ken Maeno, Tetsuya Oguri, Midori Yokoyama, Hisatoshi Hijikata, Takehiro Uemura, Daishi Kasai, Hirotsugu Ohkubo, Mikinori Miyazaki, Akio Niimi. Involvement of intermediate filament nestin in cell growth of small-cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4360. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4360
Dual fluorescent HPMA copolymers for passive tumor targeting with pH-sensitive drug release II: Impact of release rate on biodistribution
Authors: Petr Chytil, Stefan Hoffmann, Lucie Schindler, Libor Kostka, Karel Ulbrich, Henrike Caysa, Thomas Mueller, Karsten Mäder, Tomáš Etrych
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Investigative Reporting and Pornography
Authors: None Jiminy
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Was it a coincidence that the archetypal conspirator of investigative reporting, Deep Throat, was named for a character in a pornographic movie? The journalists who originated the name probably viewed it simply as a clever metaphor for their well-placed informant. But now, almost ten years later, Deep Throat is the patron saint of investigative reporting. He is honored by hundreds of votaries who, touched by the miracle of Watergate, have taken their vows in this clandestine subcategory of personal journalism. The actual identity of Deep Throat is still debated, but I believe that the metaphorical identity of Deep Throat holds more importance today. Is the Deep Throat who beckons the investigative reporter into that back alley, in reality, Liberty with her blindfold off and itching to restore the balance of justice? Or is it a deceptive siren, who, Lorelei-like, will hypnotize the reporter onto the rocks of rumor and misinformation?
Violence and Human Rights
Authors: Thomas B. Cole, Annette Flanagin
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pathological Subluxation of C-5
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>Dr. William Harris:</h3> A 53-year-old Maine farmer was admitted to the hospital complaining of pain in his left shoulder and back. He had been well until five months previously when he began to experience pain in the posterior portion of the base of his neck, and had limitation of rotary motion of his neck. There was no history of trauma. Two months later he began having some pain in his left shoulder and arm, and was unable to raise his arm from his side. When coughing his pain was worse. He subsequently noted some pain in his forearm and along the fifth finger of his left hand, associated with some numbness. In three or four weeks the pain in his left arm subsided, and the strength in his left arm gradually returned. Later he recalled that he had fallen from his tractor prior to the onset of acute pain in
Overestimation of Lung Cancer Mortality in a Computed Tomography–Screened Population
Authors: Frederic W. Grannis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

In their article in the June 1, 2004 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Patz et al 1 claim that they "made every effort to construct a conservative model that should, if anything, underestimate the true mortality" in predicting lung cancer population mortality in a computed tomography (CT) -screened population.I believe that this statement is inaccurate.Dr Patz estimates the 5-year survival (and conversely, mortality) of various stages of lung cancer, based on information from symptom-detected lung cancers.A more accurate estimate of lung cancer survival is to be found in a recent publication by the same author (Patz et al) 2 showing 5-year survival at approximately 85% in a large series of patients with stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer.When only this one survival figure is substituted for the 61% survival number used by Patz et al in their predictive model, a very different result is calculated, as listed in Tables 1 and2.When compared with the control group from the Mayo Lung Project study, the population mortality estimates (2.72 and 2.33) strongly suggest that computerized tomographic screening will lower non-small-lung cancer population mortality as well as improve survival in screen-detected cancers.If Duke University Medical Center survival data for stages IB through IV were incorporated into the model, the difference would favor screening even more strikingly.