tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the effects of two cytotoxic drugs and of antilymphocytic serum on immune and non-immune inflammation in experimental animals.
Authors: R Arinoviche, G Loewi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

This paper is concerned with the suppressive effects in rats and guinea-pigs of two cytotoxic agents in current clinical use and of antilymphocytic serum on inflammation of immune origin and on inflammation caused in other ways.Such a study appeared to us to be needed, since with the increasing use of powerful antimetabolites in the treatment of patients with putative autoimmune disorders, such as the con- nective tissue diseases, effects ascribed to inter- ference with processes of immunity might be due to an anti-inflammatory action.We have studied similar parameters to assess the effects of antilymphocytic serum on immune and non-immune inflammation. MethodsAnimals were outbred Wistar rats, more than 3 months old, and guinea-pigs weighing 350-500 g.AZATHIOPRINE (Imuran, B.D.H.) was dissolved in alka- line saline and injected intramuscularly.Control animals were injected with an equal volume of alkaline saline.CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE (Endoxana, Ward Blenkinsop) was given by the intraperitoneal route and an equal volume of saline to control animals.ANTITHYMOCYTE SERUM was produced from rabbits which received one injection of 109 rat thymocytes with complete Freund's adjuvant intracutaneously, followed by two subcutaneous doses of thymocytes in saline at weekly intervals.Serum was heated at 56°C. for 30 min.absorbed with packed rat erythrocytes, filtered and stored frozen.Rats or guinea-pigs were immunized by intracutaneous injection of 100 or 500 pg.bovine y-globulin (BGG) res- pectively, emulsified with Freund's complete adjuvant or in other cases with Freund's adjuvant emulsified with saline only.Guinea-pigs were tested by intracutaneous injection in the shaved skin of the back with 1 jig.BGG or 1 tag.tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) Dia- meters and skin-fold thickness of reactions were measured at 24 hrs.Rats were tested by injection of 25 tag.PPD in the skin of an ear.Thickness was measured before and 24 hrs after injection with a spring-loaded micrometer.solution was brought to an alkaline pH by addition of 40 per cent.NaOH, and added to Bray's scintillation counting medium.Radioactivity was assayed in a Tracerlab Scintillation counter.
Pellagra in a patient with an eating disorder
Authors: L. E. JUDD, B. L. POSKITT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Pellagra in a patient with an eating disorder Get access L. E. JUDD, L. E. JUDD Department of Dermatology, Wellington Public Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand Dr Lissa Judd, Suite 8, 99 The Esplanade, Paremeta, Wellington, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. L. POSKITT B. L. POSKITT Department of Dermatology, Wellington Public Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 125, Issue 1, 1 July 1991, Pages 71–72, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb06044.x Published: 01 July 1991
Spontaneous fracture of pelvis in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M J Kendall
Journal: BMJ (1972)

large enough to be able to guarantee prompt return of work to the firms supplying the work.In a small unit of this type this would be quite inconsistent with the requirement to provide as great a variety of work as possible.So far as local authority hostels are concerned the suggestion is that these should be quite small and should not be concentrated in one place.To staff scattered small units would be very much more ex- pensive in staff than in existing units.Has the Department really faced the financial implications of this? Recruitment of StaffThere are also problems of staff recruitment and training.Would the smaller general hos- pital units receive approval as training centres from the Royal College of Psychia- trists or the General Nursing Council?There is the further problem of career prospects in psychiatric nursing.Many psychiatric nurses fear that general nurses understand psychiatric nursing so little that the general hospital nursing hierarchy would not allow them to do their job.For instance, they ask would any general hospital matron understand that it is part of mental nursing to organize games or even to play billiards with patients?With the implementation of the Salmon structure it is unlikely that many psychiatric units would be large enough to rank an area nursing officer above Grade 8.This must inevitably deter nurses of the best calibre from entering psychiatry.-Weare, etc.,
Good news, and some bad
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2001)

It is a sad reflection on human nature that crimes, misdeeds, mishaps, and mistakes are generally more newsworthy than the deeds of good men. It is therefore gratifying to read in our local newspapers about two Polish doctors who, during the German occupation, simulated a typhus epidemic by injecting patients who had other fevers with a harmless bacterium that would yield a positive test for typhus. By frightening the Germans into quarantining …
STUDIES OF THOUGHT PROCESSES IN CONTEMPORARY PSYCHIATRY
Authors: SILVANO ARIETI
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

Some forms of thinking which appear in psychiatric conditions are based on different and reversible levels of cognitive organization. The principle of Von Domarus and the concept of primary classes interpret some of these cognitive organizations and connect them to biological factors. Thinking disorders are mostly intimately related to psychodynamic factors. The significance of these disorders has been misinterpreted in some anthropological and logical studies.
What phonetic decision making does not tell us about lexical architecture
Authors: William D. Marslen-Wilson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Norris et al. argue against using evidence from phonetic decision making to support top-down feedback in lexical access on the grounds that phonetic decision relies on processes outside the normal access sequence. This leaves open the possibility that bottom-up connectionist models, with some contextual constraints built into the access process, are still preferred models of spoken-word recognition.
What you permit, you promote
Authors: Gareth E Vincenti
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2013)

In his editorial on the Francis report,1 Halligan makes effective use of famous quotes to illustrate his argument. In seeking to promote the importance of accountability in leadership, he relies upon the words of the Rt. Hon Leo Amery to Neville Chamberlain in the famous Norway debate in Parliament in 1940, which led to the collapse of the then Conservative Government. This in turn paved the way for a national coalition under Winston Churchill. However, it is surely as important to be precise about these matters as when quoting original scientific research. It was precisely because his words were first uttered by Oliver Cromwell in 1653 in an impassioned speech to a parliament that had voted to dissolve but would not stand down, that Amery’s speech was understood by all and so devastating in effect, as acknowledged later by Churchill himself.2

Halligan also drew on the wisdom of Martin Luther King, a man who understood the power of language every bit as much as Churchill. I believe Halligan might have found these words of King to even better reflect the likely consequences to the medical profession of the Mid Staffordshire disaster: ‘We shall have to repent in this generation, not for the hateful actions of the bad, but for the appalling silence of the good’.
Pulmonary Microvascular Cytology in the Diagnosis of Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis
Authors: Richard G. Masson, John Krikorian, Peter Lukl, Gerald L. Evans, Jacqueline McGrath
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The diagnosis of lymphangitic spread of carcinoma in the lungs is sometimes difficult. We studied the cytologic characteristics of blood drawn through a wedged pulmonary-artery catheter from eight patients in whom lymphangitic carcinomatosis was confirmed by subsequent autopsy, lung biopsy, or clinical evaluation. The sites of the primary tumors were the prostate, breast, esophagus, and lung. Malignant cells were found in seven of the eight patients. Cytologic findings were normal in 16 of 17 patients with cancer but without pulmonary metastases and in 22 of 23 patients with nonmalignant pulmonary disorders. In a patient with cancer with tumor embolism to the lungs, the findings were positive, probably because of extensive intravascular tumor in large hepatic veins. One false positive finding occurred in a patient with extensive pulmonary infarction. Megakaryocytes, which are present in large numbers in the pulmonary capillary bed, are the hallmark of a satisfactory pulmonary vascular blood sample for pulmonary microvascular cytologic study. Familiarity with the cytologic characteristics of these cells in Papanicolaou preparations is essential to avoid mistakenly identifying them as malignant. Although transbronchial lung biopsy remains the diagnostic procedure of choice in this disorder, our findings suggest that the presence of malignant cells in pulmonary microvascular-cytology preparations in patients with cancer and unexplained dyspnea constitutes presumptive evidence of lymphangitic carcinomatosis. Pulmonary microvascular cytology may be particularly valuable when lung biopsy is refused or is thought to be too hazardous. (N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 71–6.)
Evolving Behavior in the Clinical and Experimental Amphetamine (Model) Psychosis
Authors: EVERETT H. ELLINWOOD, ABRAHAM SUDILOVSKY, LINDA M. NELSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

A parallel is drawn between several behavioral constellations observed in the evolution of the human amphetamine psychosis and the motor-postural-attitudinal manifestations induced in animals by chronic amphetamine intoxication. On the basis of the results reported, a triple-layered model of psychosis is suggested and the roles played by participating neurotransmitters and mechanisms are further elaborated.
Cheyne--Stokes Respiration
Authors: H. R. Gilmore, H. Kopelman
Journal: BMJ (1954)

Private Practice I am one who holds that the maintenance of private prac- tice in some form is essential not merely to the future advance of British surgery but to the integrity of the National Health Service.It is fundamental that every sick man should have a right to the treatment his disability requires, regardless of his ability to pay for it.It is equally fundamental that he should have the right, when in doubt,
Roma women were unlawfully sterilised
Authors: Katka Krosnar
Journal: BMJ (2006)

At least 50 Czech women were unlawfully sterilised and should be awarded financial compensation, a report from the country's ombudsman has said. The report follows a year long investigation into complaints filed by 87 mostly Roma women who claimed that they had been coerced into sterilisations ( BMJ 2003;326:302).

In his findings, the ombudsman, Otakar Motejl, said that under Communist rule, social workers often offered a one off payment equal to four times the average monthly salary to persuade Roma women against having more children.

“Women often did not realise what they were agreeing with their signature,” Mr Motejl said. Even after the law was changed in 1991, doctors continued to persuade Roma women to have sterilisations, he said. He called on the women affected to …
Natural History of Alcoholic Hepatitis. IV. GLYCOSAMINOGLYCURONANS AND COLLAGEN IN THE HEPATIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Authors: John T. Galambos, Raymond Shapira
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

The extractable and nonextractable collagen and glycosaminoglycuronans (GAG) were estimated and characterized in 32 dried, defatted human livers obtained at necropsy. 10 had normal livers. 22 of the 32 livers were from patients who drank in excess: 5 had fatty livers, 7 had alcholic hepatitis, and 10 had cirrhosis. Livers with alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis had significantly increased total and 1 N NaCl-extractable collagen. Only alcoholic hepatitis livers had significantly increased Tris-buffer-extractable GAG, but the amino acid composition of these GAG (proteoglycans) was no different from that of normal livers. The major fraction of these GAG had isoelectric pH (pI) </= 3.1 in all livers. Livers with alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis had significantly increased nonextractable GAG. The major GAG fraction of all livers was chondroitin-4 or -6-SO(4). Alcoholic hepatitis livers had a significant increase of hyaluronic acid and an unidentified hyaluronidase-resistant GAG. Fatty livers showed no differences from normal ones. The data indicates that alcoholic hepatitis is associated with a significantly increased fibroblast activity, but fatty livers of alcoholics are not. The changes in histologically "inactive" micronodular cirrhosis of alcoholic patients indicate continued activity of fibroblasts in the connective tissue of these cirrhotic livers.
Antibiotics in dust originating from a pig-fattening farm: a new source of health hazard for farmers?
Authors: Gerd Hamscher, Heike Theresia Pawelzick, Silke Sczesny, Heinz Nau, Jörg Hartung
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Pig-house dust originates from feed, bedding, feces, and the animals themselves. If the animals receive drugs such as antibiotics, residues of these substances may occur in manure, in the air, or on surfaces of the respective animal house. In a retrospective study, we investigated dust samples collected during two decades from the same piggery for the occurrence of various antibiotics. In 90% of these samples, we detected up to five different antibiotics, including tylosin, various tetracyclines, sulfamethazine, and chloramphenicol, in total amounts up to 12.5 mg/kg dust. High dust exposure in animal confinement buildings is believed to be a respiratory health hazard because of the high content of microorganisms, endotoxins, and allergens. Further risks may arise from the inhalation of dust contaminated with a cocktail of antibiotics. Apart from that, our data provide first evidence for a new route of entry for veterinary drugs in the environment.
186 VIROLOGICAL AND CLINICAL SETTINGS ASSOCIATED WITH HBV SEROREVERSION AND REACTIVATION IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS IN SOUTH-EASTERN FRANCE
Authors: P. Colson, A. Motte, A. Menard, J. Moreau, I. Ravaux, I. Poizot-Martin, S. Benhaim, S. Mokhtari, R. Gerolami, C. Tamalet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
46 Three year study of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) demonstrates sustained efficacy in presumed precore mutant chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in a long term safety and efficacy study (LTSES)
Authors: S. Hadziyannis, N. Tassopoulos, T.T. Chang, J. Heathcote, G. Kitis, M. Rizzetto, P. Marcellin, S.G. Lim, S.S. Chen, S. Arterburn, J. Ma, S. Xiong, M. Wollman, C. James, G. Currie, C.L. Brosgart
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Prognostic Value of Immunohistochemically Identifiable Tumor Cells in Lymph Nodes of Patients with Completely Resected Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Jakob Robert Izbicki, Stefan Benedikt Hosch, Uwe Pichlmeier, Alexander Rehders, Christoph Busch, Axel Niendorf, Bernward Passlick, Christoph Erich Broelsch, Klaus Pantel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Current methods of disease staging often fail to detect small numbers of tumor cells in lymph nodes. Metastatic relapse may arise from these few cells.
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) Consensus Conference on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome
Authors: Zachary T. Bloomgarden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

This is the first of two articles on the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) consensus conference on the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS), which was held in Washington, DC, on 25–26 August 2002. (See http://www.aace.com/pub/irscc/findings.php for summary.)

Woody Kessel (Washington, DC), the Deputy Surgeon General, introduced the conference, by discussing “leading health indicators,” including physical activity, reduction of overeating, drug abuse, attention to sexual health, mental health, environmental health, injury prevention, and provision of access to care. The lifestyle factors underlying the metabolic syndrome are, he pointed out, highly prominent factors on this list.

Earl S. Ford (Atlanta, GA) discussed public health aspects of the IRS. He characterized “public health” as engaging not only in the assessment and in monitoring of the health of communities, but also in the formulation of public policies and the assurance of access to health care. Addressing the question of whether the IRS is a public health problem, he pointed to its high prevalence and its association with increased morbidity and mortality. Persons with the IRS show higher all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The syndrome is likely to be very costly, with estimates that the related condition, obesity, leads to health costs in the U.S. of $100 billion yearly. Ford cited proposed AACE criteria defining persons as having the IRS if they do not have diabetes and if they meet two or more of the criteria of triglyceride ≥150 mg/dl, HDL <40 or 50 in men or women, respectively, blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg or current use of antihypertensive medications, and 2-h glucose 140–199 mg/dl (with postload rather than fasting glucose chosen as being of greater sensitivity). He applied these criteria to data from the third National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey (NHANES III) carried out in …
Subluminescence photodynamic therapy of recalcitrant foot warts
Authors: S. Vogel, T. Ruzicka, C. Berking
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Subluminescence photodynamic therapy of recalcitrant foot warts Get access S. Vogel, S. Vogel Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Hospital of Munich Frauenlobstr. 9‐11 80337 Munich Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Ruzicka, T. Ruzicka Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Hospital of Munich Frauenlobstr. 9‐11 80337 Munich Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Berking C. Berking Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Hospital of Munich Frauenlobstr. 9‐11 80337 Munich Germany Correspondence: Carola Berking. E‐mail: carola.berking@med.uni-muenchen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 3, 1 March 2015, Pages 813–816, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13338 Published: 01 March 2015
PTH-082 Do Serum Markers Of Cell Injury And Death Have Potential To Become Mechanistic Markers In Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld)?: Abstract PTH-082 Table 1
Authors: JI Grove, DJ Antoine, P Kaye, MH Miller, JF Dillon, ME Allison, MW James, EA Wilkes, AP Jackson, IN Guha, DP Williams, GP Aithal
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Degree of hepatocellular injury, necrosis/apoptosis and inflammation may be assessed by the serum markers that reflect the pathogenic process. We investigated the correlation of circulating miR-122, High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1), soluble Fas (sFas) and caspase-cleaved fragment of keratin-18 (CK18) with histological changes in liver biopsy of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). <h3>Methods</h3> Serum analytes were determined in two independent cohorts of patients with NAFLD (derivation cohort n = 165, validation cohort n = 101). Histological parameters were scored using Clinical Research Network system; patients with NAFLD activity scores (NAS) of ≥3 were classified as borderline non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and ≥ 5 as definite NASH. <h3>Results</h3> There were no significant differences in miR-122, HMGB1, sFas and CK18 M30 levels between those with low (0–2) and high (3–4) stage of fibrosis. Both CK18 M30 as well as CK18 M65 correlated with grades of ballooning (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001) and lobular inflammation (p = 0.006 and p = 0.001). Table 1 summarises the serum levels of all the evaluated markers in subgroups of patients classified as borderline or definite NASH when only patients with low grade fibrosis were included (derivation cohort, n = 145 and validation cohort, n = 90). Importantly, when the cut-off values for CK18 M30 (395 U/L) was used on its own, 57/86 (66%) patients with definite NASH were missed. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Biomarkers, UKof cell injury and death in combination have a potential to detect on-going histological activity in NAFLD. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
181. Quantitative Evaluation of Long Term Gene Expression In Vivo after Delivery of Polyethylenimine-Conjugated Sleeping Beauty Transposon DNA
Authors: Kelly M. Podetz-Pedersen, Jason B. Bell, Terry W. Steele, Joel L. Frandsen, Thomas W. Shier, R. Scott McIvor, Perry B. Hackett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Many applications of gene therapy require long-lasting expression. In mice, hydrodynamic delivery directs DNA to the liver where when integrated expression can last the lifetime of the animal. Because this form of delivery will be invasive in larger animals, we have been seeking alternative methods of delivery, including condensing DNA with polyethelenimine (PEI). PEI has been reported to deliver genes to the lung with expression lasting for up to 3 months (Belur et al, Molecular Therapy 8: 501–507; 2003). However, using standard hydrodynamic delivery as a "gold standard" for achievable levels of gene expression in mice, we have found that simple PEI condensation results in expression of delivered genes at levels that are 10 to more than 100-fold lower than with hydrodynamic delivery. Following injection into the tail vein of PEI-complexed plasmids containing an SB transposon with a luciferase gene, DNA expression was most pronounced in the lung one day post-injection. By 7 days post-injection, expression was most evident in the liver rather than the lung as visualized with a Xenogen™ in vivo imaging system. JetPEI™ at N/P ratios of 7 and 9 led to expression levels that ranged from 1–22 × 106 photons/second (p/s) in the lung 1-day post-injection. However, by day-7 the ranges were from 2–80 × 104 to 2–9 × 104 p/s for N/P ratios of 7 and 9, respectively. Because particle sizes should be 100 nm or less for uptake by endocytosis, we sized our PEI-plasmid particles by dynamic laser light scattering. Particles ranged in size from 80–100 nm in 5% dextrose at an N/P of 7 with JetPEI™. Because uncomplexed, free PEI is cytotoxic to cells, we hypothesize that the removal of free PEI will permit higher N/P ratios, which might provide increased levels of gene delivery and expression. Consequently, we are testing methods for removal of free PEI so that PEI transposon complexes prepared at higher N/P ratios can be tested for improved levels of long-term expression and animal survival after in vivo delivery. R Scott McIvor and Perry Hackett has a financial interest in Discovery Genomics, Inc.