tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Novartis found to be in breach of code over drug brochure
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To describe the experiences of participants in Canadian family medicine maternity care enhanced skills programs: their current practice situation with respect to maternity care; the reasons they pursued enhanced maternity care training; and their perceptions of competencies attained during the program. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional questionnaire. <h3>Setting</h3> Canada. <h3>Participants</h3> Graduates of family medicine enhanced skills programs in maternity care in Canada between 2004 and 2014. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Participants’ current engagement in intrapartum care; reasons for participating in the enhanced skills programs; interest in obstetrics at different points in training; and development of maternity care competencies during both core residency and the enhanced skills program. <h3>Results</h3> Eighty-seven graduates (response rate of 44%) participated. At an average of 5 years in practice, 77% of enhanced skills graduates were providing intrapartum care. Sixty-nine percent of respondents took the enhanced skills program because they did not feel ready to practise obstetrics without supervision. More than half (55%) of respondents had intended to include obstetrics in their future practices when they were in medical school. By the end of residency, 99% intended to practise obstetrics; however, this percentage decreased to 87% by the end of fellowship. There was a statistically significant increase in graduates’ perceptions of various maternity care competencies (eg, vacuum-assisted birth, perineal repair) following enhanced skills training. Eighty-two percent of respondents indicated that the ability to access enhanced skills training supported their decision to provide obstetrics care. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This is the first evaluation of graduates of enhanced skills programs in maternity care in Canada. Enhanced skills programs appear to support the education of family medicine maternity care providers; however, these programs might be compensating for residents’ lack of confidence in providing maternity care independently rather than providing truly enhanced skills. This study also confirms that some medical students and family medicine residents change their minds in the direction of wanting to provide full-scope maternity care during the course of their education.
Transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography and color Doppler flow velocity mapping in the evaluation of cardiac valve prostheses.
Authors: U Nellessen, I Schnittger, C P Appleton, T Masuyama, A Bolger, T A Fischell, T Tye, R L Popp
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To determine the value of transesophageal ultrasound in the assessment of cardiac valve prostheses, 14 patients with clinically suspected mitral prosthesis malfunction were studied by transthoracic and transesophageal two-dimensional imaging as well as by color Doppler flow velocity mapping (color Doppler). Patients underwent left ventricular angiography (n = 13), surgery (n = 11), or both angiography and surgery (n = 10). Nine patients had only mitral valve replacement, four patients had both mitral and aortic valve replacement, and one patient had mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valve replacement. There were 16 biological and four mechanical prostheses. The degree of mitral regurgitation was graded by both transthoracic and transesophageal color Doppler according to the area of the regurgitant jet visualized and was compared with a three-point classification of mitral regurgitation by left ventricular angiography judged by observers blinded to the echocardiographic results. All transesophageal studies were performed without complication and were well tolerated. The pathological morphology of the mitral prosthesis was additionally or more clearly visualized by transesophageal two-dimensional imaging and subsequently proven at surgery in three patients with flail leaflets and one patient with a vegetation compared with images obtained by the transthoracic approach. Valvular regurgitation was graded by the transthoracic approach as absent in four patients, mild in two patients, moderate in five patients, and severe in only three patients. The transesophageal assessment showed absence of mitral regurgitation in two patients, moderate regurgitation in two patients, and severe regurgitation in 10 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Awareness during anaesthesia.
Authors: J M Leigh, C M Conway
Journal: BMJ (1969)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The hydrothermal compounds massively released into the sea by the geothermal power plant of Bouillante (Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles) support the growth of sulphur-oxidising bacteria like around black smokers. Opportunistic animals of the bay were previously shown to actively seek and consume the bacterial biofilm. To investigate the role of these bacterial mats in enhancing the transfer of Hg, a highly toxic heavy metal, its concentrations were assessed in sediments, bacteria, and 6 low trophic levels animals from the Bouillante Bay and a Control Site nearby containing only natural sources of Hg. Concentrations of Hg in all samples from Bouillante were greater than those from the Control Site (2 to 627 times higher). A comparison with the Hg concentrations reported in the literature for similar samples types reveals that they are abnormally high in most Bouillante samples. Although bacterial biofilm contained high levels of Hg, the link between bacteria contribution to diet and Hg concentration was more complex than expected, which might be due to interspecific differences in Hg uptake and elimination rates. Species not consuming bacteria (i.e. filter feeders) still presented higher levels of Hg, suggesting that significant amounts of Hg are released along with discharge waters from the Bouillante geothermal plant, and are integrated through diffusion. Differences in Hg concentrations between tissues do not indicate that Hg contained in samples from animals was under the form of MeHg, lowering the biomagnification potential of Hg in the Bouillante Bay trophic food web. Overall, the Bouillante case study emphasises for the first time an important role played by sulphur bacteria mats as a vector of hydrothermal inorganic Hg, and potentially other trace metals emitted in vents area, through dietary pathways.
Repeatability of ventilatory function measurements in a population survey of seven year old children.
Authors: N Chan, M Silverman
Journal: Thorax (1989)

Repeatability of ventilatory function measurements in a population survey of seven year old children SIR,-The impression was given by Dr David Strachan (June 1989;44:474-9) that the coefficient of variation for FEV, in seven year old children was low, possibly even lower than that for the vital capacity.We wonder whether this could be a spurious finding.In a recent survey of 120 healthy seven year
The problem of orphan drugs
Authors: R. E. Ferner, D. A. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Incentives to make orphan drugs should be proportionate to their benefits

Amifampridine (3,4-diaminopyridine phosphate) is approved for Lambert-Eaton syndrome under laws designed to encourage manufacturers to develop drugs for life threatening or chronically debilitating rare disorders—“orphan diseases.”1 2 It costs up to £44 200 (€52 000; $71 300) per patient each year (doi:10.1136/bmj.c6466). When bought from chemical suppliers, the equivalent dose of 3,4-diaminopyridine base costs £280. The clinical evaluation of the product relies on published literature that refers mainly to clinical experience with the free base form of 3,4-diaminopyridine.3 The European Union legislation under which it is licensed allows medicines to be designated “orphan drugs” during development, receive financial benefits before approval, and have several years free from competition if granted a marketing authorisation (licence).

The intention of orphan drug legislation in the United States and Europe—put bluntly—is to make the development of drugs for orphan diseases profitable. The unintended consequence is exploitation of the rules for profit. Like tax avoidance, this is legal, but not necessarily desirable.

The regulations can be …
TCT-833 Is Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation A Cost-Effective Treatment in Patients Who Are Ineligible For Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement?
Authors: Rachele Busca, James Eaton, Pascale Brasseur, Ruben L.J. Osnabrugge, Stuart Mealing
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
THE CELLULAR NATURE OF GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO A VIRUS
Authors: M. Kantoch, A. Warwick, F. B. Bang
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Using peritoneal macrophage cultures it was found that both PRI mice and their macrophages in culture were susceptible to mouse hepatitis virus and that C3H mice and macrophages were resistant. All F1 macrophages and some back-cross cell cultures were susceptible. The degeneration of F1 and back-cross macrophages obtained either from adult mouse peritoneal exudate or newborn mouse liver, occurred more slowly than PRI macrophages. Segregation of susceptibility occurred in the first back-cross generation. Tests of three back-cross generations from susceptible mice yielded about one-quarter of the mice shown to be susceptible either by direct test or test of their macrophages. A clear correlation between susceptibility in vivo and in vitro was established both in the test of the percentage segregation and in tests of individual back-cross mice. A small series of tests, however, indicated that 50 per cent of the back-cross mice had the genetic capacity to transmit susceptibility. Thus a hypothesis of two genes for susceptibility, although not excluded, may yield to a hypothesis of a single dominant gene, incompletely expressed. Resistant cells were converted into susceptible cells by ingestion of a relatively large particle containing a heat-stable substance. This susceptibility, although complete, was temporary. The nature of the factor causing the change has been discussed.
Relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus T cell subsets, anti-T cell antibodies, and T cell functions.
Authors: C Morimoto, E L Reinherz, J A Distaso, A D Steinberg, S F Schlossman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Previous studies have shown that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) had differing T cell T4+/T8+ ratios and that the ratio correlated with clinical features of the disease. In the present study, we wished to determine whether the peripheral blood T cell subsets in these patients were related to the specificity of anti-T cell antibodies found in their plasma. Plasma from 24 SLE patients that reacted with greater than 20% of normal T cells were analyzed for their effect on in vitro pokeweed mitogen-stimulated immunoglobulin synthesis and for their reactivity with human T4+ and T8+ cells. Anti-T cell antibodies found in SLE patients have a spectrum of reactivities. We concentrated upon antibodies that interfere with suppressor function. One group of SLE anti-T cell antibodies reacts preferentially with the T8+ suppressor effector cell whereas another is reactive with T4+ suppressor inducer subsets. SLE patients with high T4+/T8+ ratios had anti-T cell antibodies predominantly reactive with the T8+ suppressor effector cells. Patients with low T4+/T8+ ratios, on the other hand, had anti-T cell antibodies reactive with either the T4+ suppressor inducer or with both the T4+ suppressor inducer and T8+ suppressor effector cells. In addition, a fourth group was defined whose anti-T cell antibodies were neither reactive with a functional T4+ suppressor inducer nor a functional T8+ suppressor effector cells. There was a significant correlation between the circulating T4+/T8+ ratio of peripheral T cells in these patients and the relative ability of their anti-T cell antibodies to kill T8+ cells vs. T4+ cells (gamma = 0.666, P less than 0.001). These results support the notion that in SLE different cellular defects in the immunoregulatory circuit underlie the development of autoimmune reactions and that the anti-T cell antibodies may cause numerical and functional deficiencies in T cell subsets.
BPA's response to Clothier inquiry
Authors: K Dodd
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - It is now 10 months since the two paediatricians in Grantham, Drs Nelson Porter and Charith Nanayakkara, were made redundant after the conviction of Beverly Allitt for the murder of four children under their care. Both are appealing to the secretary of state for health under paragraph 190 of the terms and conditions of service for hospital and dental staff. The British Paediatric Association is concerned to ensure that its views are known.

Soon after the suspension of Drs Porter and Nanayakkara a small committee was established at the request of the British Paediatric Association's council to produce a submission to …
Treatment With the Human Once-Weekly Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analog Taspoglutide in Combination With Metformin Improves Glycemic Control and Lowers Body Weight in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled With Metformin Alone
Authors: Michael A. Nauck, Robert E. Ratner, Christoph Kapitza, Rachele Berria, Mark Boldrin, Raffaella Balena
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of taspoglutide (R1583/BIM51077), a human once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Type 2 diabetic (n = 306) patients who failed to obtain glycemic control (A1C 7–9.5%) despite 1,500 mg metformin daily were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of double-blind subcutaneous treatment with placebo or taspoglutide, either 5, 10, or 20 mg once weekly or 10 or 20 mg once every 2 weeks, and followed for 4 additional weeks. All patients received their previously established dose of metformin throughout the study. Glycemic control was assessed by change in A1C (percent) from baseline. RESULTS Significantly greater (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) reductions in A1C from a mean ± SD baseline of 7.9 ± 0.7% were observed in all taspoglutide groups compared with placebo after 8 weeks of treatment: –1.0 ± 0.1% (5 mg once weekly), –1.2 ± 0.1% (10 mg once weekly), –1.2 ± 0.1% (20 mg once weekly), –0.9 ± 0.1% (10 mg Q2W), and –1.0 ± 0.1% (20 mg Q2W) vs. –0.2 ± 0.1% with placebo. After 8 weeks, body weight loss was significantly greater in the 10 mg (–2.1 ± 0.3 kg, P = 0.0035 vs. placebo) and 20 mg (–2.8 ± 0.3 kg, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) once-weekly groups and the 20 mg once every 2 weeks (–1.9 ± 0.3 kg, P = 0.0083) group than with placebo (–0.8 ± 0.3 kg). The most common adverse event was dose-dependent, transient, mild-to-moderate nausea; the incidence of hypoglycemia was very low. CONCLUSIONS Taspoglutide used in combination with metformin significantly improves fasting and postprandial glucose control and induces weight loss, with a favorable tolerability profile.
VITILIGO IN AN AFRICAN: SPONTANEOUS IMPROVEMENT IN HOSPITAL
Authors: E. A. TRIM, J. H. SEQUEIRA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1931)

Journal Article VITILIGO IN AN AFRICAN: SPONTANEOUS IMPROVEMENT IN HOSPITAL Get access E. A. TRIM, E. A. TRIM Kenya Medical Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. H. SEQUEIRA J. H. SEQUEIRA Kenya Medical Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 43, Issue 11, 1 November 1931, Pages 592–595, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1931.tb09455.x Published: 01 November 1931
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Flowers Number 6&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Remote Stimulation of the Heart by Radiofrequency Transmission
Authors: William W. L. Glenn, Alexander Mauro, Edward Longo, Paul H. Lavietes, Frances J. Mackay
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE clinical course of complete heart block is unpredictable. Penton et al.,1 in an excellent clinical review of complete heart block, reported that the average duration of life was about three years after the first episode of syncope and about two years after the first (presumably documented) appearance of complete heart block. The two principal clinical manifestations are syncopal attacks due to ventricular standstill or ventricular fibrillation and congestive heart failure due to low cardiac output.2 Recently, we were confronted with rapid deterioration of a seventy-three-year-old man who had been in complete heart block for about two years. He had . . .
A Comparative Evaluation of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography and the Secretin-Cholecystokinin Test in the Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis: A Multicentre Study in 124 Patients
Authors: M. Valentini, G. Cavallini, I. Vantini, R. Farini, D. Oselladore, A. Fratton, O Ghidini, G. Dobrilla
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

A comparative evaluation of ERCP and the bicarbonate output 30 min after stimulation of the pancreas with secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin, was carried out in 124 patients, of whom 65 were affected by proven chronic pancreatitis (PCP), and 59 by only suspected chronic pancreatitis (SCP). In PCP patients the false negative results were 14.7 % and 21.5 %, respectively. In 5 of the PCP patients with false negatives on ERCP and functional test a normal result of both the procedures was found.
Sexual transmission of HCV between spouses
Authors: V. Tahan, C. Karaca, B. Yildirim, A. Bozbas, K. Demir, E. Avsar, A. Mert, F. Tabak, F. Besisik, S. Kaymakoglu, H. Senturk, Y. Cakaloglu, C. Kalayci, A. Okten, N. Tozum
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Anthracotic Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Imitating Lung Malignancy on F-18 FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Fevziye Canbaz, Mehmet Kefeli, Zeliha Sahin, Tarik Basoglu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

An asymptomatic 68-year-old man with suspected prostate cancer was referred for F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging for characterization of an incidental solitary pulmonary nodule. The left lingular nodule demonstrated corresponding hypermetabolic activity. Histopathologic diagnosis from transbronchial tissue biopsy disclosed anthracotic lung tissue with congestion. Although anthracosis is a form of pneumoconiosis typically observed in coal workers, in this patient, exposure to fuel exhaust and prior smoking seemed to be the only risk factors. Anthracotic nodule should be added to the list of causes for F-18 FDG active pulmonary lesions.
Palliation of Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction with Self-Expanding Metal Stents
Authors: C. Feretis, P. Benakis, C. Dimopoulos, K. Georgopoulos, F. Milas, A. Manouras, N. Apostolidis
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Self-expanding metal stents have long been used in the management of patients with malignant esophageal and malignant biliary obstruction. The aim of the present study was to report on the palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction using self-expanding endoprostheses.Between March 1993 and December 1994, 12 patients (eight women, four men, mean age 64 years) suffering from malignant gastric outlet obstruction due to recurrent gastric carcinoma (seven patients) and pancreatic head carcinoma (five patients) presented with an inability to eat and intractable vomiting. The patients were managed with peroral insertion of self-expanding metal stents.Peroral introduction of the stent with the aid of a stabilizing overtube was successful in all patients, with the stent being supported as it was being advanced through the stenosis. Proper release of the stent into the stenotic area was achieved in all cases, relieving the intractable vomiting. The procedure was accomplished without any complications. All patients were able to eat semisolid food four days after the stent insertion. Apart from an asymptomatic partial stent occlusion in one patient, no other complications were seen during the short-term follow-up one, two, and three months after discharge.These preliminary results suggest that self-expanding stents can effectively relieve malignant gastric outlet obstruction.
Solitary, Enlarging Painful Violaceous Tumor on the Cheek of a 10-Year-Old—Quiz Case
Authors: Anthony J. Little, Gabriel J. Martinez-Diaz, Robin P. Gehris
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Ethical writing should be taught
Authors: Miguel Roig
Journal: BMJ (2006)

considering using software designed to detect plagiarism.Lastly, to reduce the numbers of new as well as recurrent plagiarists, journals, institutions, and professional associations need to expose very publicly those found guilty of this form of scientific misconduct.I thank Harm-Gerd Blaas for providing documents showing Professor Kurjak's plagiarism of reports of Norwegian research and, along with Sturla Eik-Nes, Karel MarBál, Jim Neilson, and Vedran Katavic ´(the Croatian Medical Journal's research integrity editor), for checking the accuracy of earlier drafts of my
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants — Is Laparotomy Necessary?
Authors: Alan W. Flake
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

The occurrence of intestinal perforation is a catastrophic event at any age. Its occurrence in a very-low-birth-weight infant with necrotizing enterocolitis, however, is particularly hazardous. Unfortunately, the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis increases with decreasing birth weight.1 Although necrotizing enterocolitis has many causes, the common pathway leading to intestinal necrosis and perforation is thought to be intestinal ischemia and the invasion of bacteria through an immature mucosal barrier.2 The resulting perforation, peritonitis, and systemic sepsis occurring in an infant whose health is already tenuous carry a high risk of death and demand prompt intervention.The standard surgical procedure in such cases . . .