tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IL-2/Anti-IL-2 Complex Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Expansion of Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Myung-Gyu Kim, Tai Yeon Koo, Ji-Jing Yan, Eunwon Lee, Kyu Hyun Han, Jong Cheol Jeong, Han Ro, Beom Seok Kim, Sang-Kyung Jo, Kook Hwan Oh, Charles D. Surh, Curie Ahn, Jaeseok Yang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2013)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) can suppress immunologic damage in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but the isolation and ex vivo expansion of these cells for clinical application remains challenging. Here, we investigated whether the IL-2/anti-IL-2 complex (IL-2C), a mediator of Treg expansion, can attenuate renal IRI in mice. IL-2C administered before bilateral renal IRI induced Treg expansion in both spleen and kidney, improved renal function, and attenuated histologic renal injury and apoptosis after IRI. Furthermore, IL-2C administration reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and attenuated the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in renal tissue. Depletion of Tregs with anti-CD25 antibodies abrogated the beneficial effects of IL-2C. However, IL-2C-mediated renal protection was not dependent on either IL-10 or TGF-β. Notably, IL-2C administered after IRI also enhanced Treg expansion in spleen and kidney, increased tubular cell proliferation, improved renal function, and reduced renal fibrosis. In conclusion, these results indicate that IL-2C-induced Treg expansion attenuates acute renal damage and improves renal recovery in vivo, suggesting that IL-2C may be a therapeutic strategy for renal IRI.
Effector Cells of Both Nonhemopoietic and Hemopoietic Origin Are Required for Interferon (IFN)-γ– and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α–dependent Host Resistance to the Intracellular Pathogen, <i>Toxoplasma gondii </i>
Authors: George S. Yap, Alan Sher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Although interferon (IFN)-gamma-activated, mononuclear phagocytes are considered to be the major effectors of resistance to intracellular pathogens, it is unclear how they control the growth of microorganisms that reside in nonhemopoietic cells. Pathogens within such cells may be killed by metabolites secreted by activated macrophages or, alternatively, directly controlled by cytokine-induced microbicidal mechanisms triggered within infected nonphagocytic cells. To distinguish between these two basic mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity, reciprocal bone marrow chimeras were constructed between wild-type and IFN-gamma receptor-deficient mice and their survival assessed following infection with Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite that invades both hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic cell lineages. Resistance to acute and persistent infection was displayed only by animals in which IFN-gamma receptors were expressed in both cellular compartments. Parallel chimera experiments performed with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-deficient mice also indicated a codependence on hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic lineages for optimal control of the parasite. In contrast, in mice chimeric for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), an enzyme associated with IFN-gamma-induced macrophage microbicidal activity, expression by cells of hemopoietic origin was sufficient for host resistance. Together, these findings suggest that, in concert with bone marrow-derived effectors, nonhemopoietic cells can directly mediate, in the absence of endogenous iNOS, IFN-gamma- and TNF-alpha-dependent host resistance to intracellular infection.
THE CULTURE OF WHOLE ORGANS
Authors: Harald Okkels
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

1. Perfusion of isolated thyroid glands from rabbits, made refractory to the action of the thyro-stimulating factor from the hypophysis by repeated injections for 2 months, has shown that in this condition the thyroid epithelium responds to pituitary stimulation. 2. The serum from refractory rabbits does not neutralize completely the thyro-stimulating effect of anterior pituitary extract upon an isolated normal thyroid gland. 3. It is believed that tissues other than the thyroid play a rôle in bringing about the phenomena which have been described as refractoriness against a prolonged action of the thyro-stimulating pituitary factor.
A Potent Vaccination Strategy That Circumvents Lymphodepletion for Effective Antitumor Adoptive T-cell Therapy
Authors: Hyun-Il Cho, Eduardo Reyes-Vargas, Julio C. Delgado, Esteban Celis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Adoptive cell therapy using tumor-reactive T lymphocytes is a promising approach for treating advanced cancer. Successful tumor eradication depends primarily on the expansion and survival of the adoptively transferred T cells. Lymphodepletion using total body irradiation (TBI) and administering high-dose interleukin (IL)-2 have been used with adoptive cell therapy to promote T-cell expansion and survival to achieve maximal therapeutic effects. However, TBI and high-dose IL-2 increase the risk for major complications that impact overall survival. Here we describe an alternative approach to TBI and high-dose IL-2 for optimizing adoptive cell therapy, resulting in dramatic therapeutic effects against established melanomas in mice. Administration of a potent, noninfectious peptide vaccine after adoptive cell therapy dramatically increased antigen-specific T-cell numbers leading to enhancement in the survival of melanoma-bearing mice. Furthermore, combinations of peptide vaccination with PD1 blockade or IL-2/anti-IL-2 antibody complexes led to complete disease eradication and long-term survival in mice with large tumors receiving adoptive cell therapy. Our results indicate that PD1 blockade and IL-2/anti-IL-2 complexes enhance both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the T-cell responses induced by peptide vaccination after adoptive cell therapy. These findings could be useful for the optimization of adoptive cell therapy in cancer patients without the need of toxic adjunct procedures.
Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion and Mortality in Abdominal Septic Shock—Reply
Authors: Massimo Antonelli, Francesco Giunta, Claudio Ronco
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phosphodiesterase-2 Is Up-Regulated in Human Failing Hearts and Blunts β-Adrenergic Responses in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Hind Mehel, Julius Emons, Christiane Vettel, Katrin Wittköpper, Danilo Seppelt, Matthias Dewenter, Susanne Lutz, Samuel Sossalla, Lars S. Maier, Patrick Lechêne, Jérôme Leroy, Florence Lefebvre, Audrey Varin, Thomas Eschenhagen, Stanley Nattel, Dobromir Dobrev, Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann, Viacheslav O. Nikolaev, Grégoire Vandecasteele, Rodolphe Fischmeister, Ali El-Armouche
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Developmental effects of dioxins.
Authors: L S Birnbaum
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The potent developmental toxicity of dioxin in multiple species has been known for a number of years. However, recent studies have indicated that dioxin also induces functional developmental defects, many of which are delayed. Subtle structural deficits, not detectable at birth, have also been described in multiple species and in both sexes. Certain defects have been reported not only in animals but also in children prenatally exposed to complex mixtures containing dioxinlike compounds. None of the effects can be attributed to modulation of any one endocrine system. For example, dioxin does not bind to the estrogen receptor, but it can cause effects that are both estrogenic and antiestrogenic. However, viewing dioxin and related compounds as endocrine disruptors that may alter multiple pathways sheds some light on the complexities of this potent class of growth dysregulators.
Chronic Myelopathy Associated with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-I)
Authors: Antoine Gessain, Olivier Gout
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Purpose: To review the clinical, epidemiologic, immunologic, and virologic aspects of the chronic myelopathy associated with human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I), currently called tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). Data Identification: Studies done after 1985, when TSP/HAM was first recognized, were identified by a computer search using MEDLARS II and CANCERLIT. Additional information was acquired from personal files and bibliographies of existing literature. Study Selection: A total of 400 articles, 90 book chapters, and 150 abstracts from meetings covering all aspects of HTLV-I and neurologic diseases were critically analyzed, and information from 250 publications was included. Results of Data Analysis: TSP/HAM is present in most HTLV-I endemic areas, with a prevalence ranging from 5.1 to 128 per 100 000 inhabitants. Up to 20% of patients develop TSP/HAM after transfusion of HTLV-I contaminated blood. Pathologic characteristics indicate a chronic meningomyelitis. The clinical features consist of a chronic progressive spastic paraparesis or paraplegia, sphincter disturbances, and minimal sensory loss. Supraspinal and peripheral nerve involvement is sometimes observed. High titers of HTLV-I-specific antibodies are present in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. The high level of humoral and cellular immunologic response and the association of TSP/HAM with other immunologic diseases suggest an immune-mediated process. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressor treatment usually result in only short-term improvement. Conclusion: TSP/HAM is a common neurologic disease in many parts of the world. All patients with chronic progressive myelopathies should be tested for serum and cerebrospinal fluid HTLV-I-specific antibodies. Systematic screening of blood donors for HTLV-I is necessary to help prevent the dissemination of the virus and the occurrence of post-transfusional cases.
Risk Prediction Models for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Navdeep Tangri, Georgios D. Kitsios, Lesley Ann Inker, John Griffith, David M. Naimark, Simon Walker, Claudio Rigatto, Katrin Uhlig, David M. Kent, Andrew S. Levey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for kidney failure, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality. Accurate models are needed to predict the individual risk for these outcomes. Purpose: To systematically review risk prediction models for kidney failure, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with CKD. Data Sources: MEDLINE search of English-language articles published from 1966 to November 2012. Study Selection: Cohort studies that examined adults with any stage of CKD who were not receiving dialysis and had not had a transplant; had at least 1 year of follow-up; and reported on a model that predicted the risk for kidney failure, cardiovascular events, or all-cause mortality. Data Extraction: Reviewers extracted data on study design, population characteristics, modeling methods, metrics of model performance, risk of bias, and clinical usefulness. Data Synthesis: Thirteen studies describing 23 models were found. Eight studies (11 models) involved kidney failure, 5 studies (6 models) involved all-cause mortality, and 3 studies (6 models) involved cardiovascular events. Measures of estimated glomerular filtration rate or serum creatinine level were included in 10 studies (17 models), and measures of proteinuria were included in 9 studies (15 models). Only 2 studies (4 models) met the criteria for clinical usefulness, of which 1 study (3 models) presented reclassification indices with clinically useful risk categories. Limitation: A validated risk-of-bias tool and comparisons of the performance of different models in the same validation population were lacking. Conclusion: Accurate, externally validated models for predicting risk for kidney failure in patients with CKD are available and ready for clinical testing. Further development of models for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality is needed. Primary Funding Source: None.
Intrauterine Death of the Fetus Due to Accidental Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: Gulli Lindh Muller, Sylvia Graham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ALTHOUGH carbon monoxide poisoning in pregnant women was reported in 1859, very little has been written about the effects of carbon monoxide on the fetus in utero. In that year Breslau1 described carbon monoxide intoxication in 2 pregnant women from illuminating gas in a Zürich hospital. Both mothers survived. One was delivered of an apparently normal child, and the other had a stillborn, full-term fetus twenty-four hours after the carbon monoxide intoxication. In the latter case fetal movements had been observed before entry into the hospital, but no heart sounds could be elicited after the accident. Autopsy of the infant . . .
To Dot Plot Or Not-Reply
Authors: Arthur F. Krieg
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply.—  Acquisition of numerical data from any graphic display, including dot plots, implies some imprecision. Thus, the number of subjects within each result interval might vary slightly on different runs. The correct values should reflect original data, not data acquired by any particular method or individual. Occasionally, electronic noise in data tablets might inject extra points, which are easily detected and eliminated by comparison with original documents.  Data acquisition from dot diagrams typically has an imprecision of about 3%, 1 comparable with imprecision from preanalytic variation, analytic variation, and interlaboratory variation.  We agree that reports on test performance should provide tables of numerical data with multiple test results over multiple clinical states. However, when such tables are not available, dot plots can provide numerical data sufficiently accurate for clinical use. From this numerical data, using spread-sheet software for desktop computers, many evaluations can be performed, including cumulative frequency distributions,
EZH2 Is Required for Germinal Center Formation and Somatic EZH2 Mutations Promote Lymphoid Transformation
Authors: Wendy Béguelin, Relja Popovic, Matt Teater, Yanwen Jiang, Karen L. Bunting, Monica Rosen, Hao Shen, Shao Ning Yang, Ling Wang, Teresa Ezponda, Eva Martinez-Garcia, Haikuo Zhang, Yupeng Zheng, Sharad K. Verma, Michael T. McCabe, Heidi M. Ott, Glenn S. Van Aller, Ryan G. Kruger, Yan Liu, Charles F. McHugh, David W. Scott, Young Rock Chung, Neil Kelleher, Rita Shaknovich, Caretha L. Creasy, Randy D. Gascoyne, Kwok-Kin Wong, Leandro Cerchietti, Ross L. Levine, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Jonathan D. Licht, Olivier Elemento, Ari M. Melnick
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
Abstract 203: Dynamic biochemical tissue analysis provides a unique method to detect functional in situ L-selectin ligands and unveils intercellular heterogeneity in colon cancer tissues.
Authors: Grady E. Carlson, Venktesh S. Shirure, Vicente A. Resto, Ramiro Malgor, Douglas J. Goetz, Monica M. Burdick
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract A growing body of evidence suggests that E-,P-, and L-selectin, a family of cell adhesion molecules, engage their ligands on colon cancer cells to initiate adhesion with the blood vessel wall at the secondary site during metastasis. This initial adhesion is a “rolling” adhesion in which selectin/selectin ligand bonds break and reform under forces in hemodynamic flow. Current standards for tissue analyses, such as immunostaining, do not assay for functional in situ selectin ligands, i.e., those that promote rolling. Recently, our lab developed a novel tissue analysis, termed dynamic biochemical tissue analysis (DBTA), which detects functional selectin ligands in situ by probing pathological tissues with selectin-coated microspheres. Due to the application of hydrodynamic flow in the assay, the selectin coated microspheres “roll” on tissue sections presenting functional selectin ligands. When colon cancer tissue sections of diverse histological classifications were probed with L-selectin-coated microspheres in DBTA, functional L-selectin ligands were detected (i.e., L-selectin microspheres rolled on the surface of the tissue sections). Rolling velocities were a function of hemodynamic shear stress, illustrating the unique kinetic and tensile properties of force-dependent L-selectin/L-selectin ligand bonds. More specifically, DBTA preserved the catch-slip behavior of selectin/selectin ligand bonds. That is, rolling became stabilized at physiologic shear stresses between 0.5-0.75 dyne/cm2, but outside this range microsphere rolling was increasingly erratic as bond breakage exceeded bond formation necessary to preserve adhesion. Differences in microsphere rolling velocities varied with position on the tissue surface and thereby demonstrated the heterogeneous expression of functional L-selectin ligands on colon cancer tissues. In summary, DBTA provides a unique method to detect functional in situ L-selectin ligands and unveils intercellular heterogeneity such that, with further development, DBTA may promote potential diagnostics and prognostics for cancer characterization. Citation Format: Grady E. Carlson, Venktesh S. Shirure, Vicente A. Resto, Ramiro Malgor, Douglas J. Goetz, Monica M. Burdick. Dynamic biochemical tissue analysis provides a unique method to detect functional in situ L-selectin ligands and unveils intercellular heterogeneity in colon cancer tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 203. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-203
PROGRESS REPORT
Authors: G. KARL FENN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1958)

Editorial1 October 1958PROGRESS REPORTCOMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF HOSPITAL STANDARDS IN MEDICINEG. KARL FENN, M.D.G. KARL FENN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-49-4-959 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptConducted under a grant to The American College of Physicians by the Division of Hospital and Medical Facilities, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Washington, D. C.This study began in 1956 with the appointment of the Committee by the Regents of The American College of Physicians. The work of the Committee under its original Director, Dr. M. A. Blankenhorn, is described in some detail in a guest editorial that appeared in this journal.1As a result of this pioneering effort, the Committee reached three major conclusions: (1) that the quality of care in any hospital may be judged by...1 Blankenhorn MA: Standards of practice of internal medicine and methods of assessing the quality of practice in hospitals (editorial), Ann. Int. Med. 47: 367-374 (Aug.) 1957. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySTANDARDS OF PRACTICE OF INTERNAL MEDICINE: METHODS OF JUDGING ITS QUALITY IN HOSPITALS*ARTHUR R. COLWELL SR., M.D., GEORGE KARL FENN, M.D. 1 October 1958Volume 49, Issue 4Page: 959-965KeywordsHealth care qualityHospitalsMedical education Issue Published: 1 October 1958 PDF downloadLoading ...
Human health risks due to consumption of chemically contaminated fishery products.
Authors: F E Ahmed, D Hattis, R E Wolke, D Steinman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

A small proportion of fishery products contaminated with appreciable amounts of potentially hazardous inorganic and organic contaminants from natural and environmental sources seem to pose the greatest potential for toxicity to consumers of fishery products in the United States. Health risks due to chemicals (e.g., modest changes in the overall risk of cancer, subtle deficits of neurological development in fetuses and children) are difficult to measure directly in people exposed to low levels. Immunocompetence may increase cancer risk. Inferences about the potential magnitude of these problems must be based on the levels of specific chemical present, observations of human populations and experimental animals exposed to relatively high doses, and theories about the likely mechanisms of action of specific intoxicants and the population distribution of sensitivity of human exposure. Lognormal distributions were found to provide good descriptions of the pattern of variation of contaminant concentrations among different species and geographic areas; this variability offers a solution for reduction of exposure through restricting harvest of aquatic animals from certain sites and by excluding certain species. Available information suggest that risks are not generally of high magnitude; nevertheless, their control will significantly improve public health.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Thrombotic State Due to an Abnormal Protein C
Authors: Michio Matsuda, Teruko Sugo, Yoichi Sakata, Hideki Murayama, Jun Mimuro, Sohei Tanabe, Shinji Yoshitake
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

PROTEIN C is the zymogen of a serine protease that regulates blood coagulation by inactivating thrombin-activated blood coagulation factors V and VIII.1 2 3 A congenital deficiency of this plasma protein is associated with a high incidence of thromboembolic disease.4 5 6 We report the case of a woman with thrombophilia who was heterozygous for both a deficiency and an abnormality of protein C, conditions inherited from her father and mother, respectively. Southern blot analysis of leukocyte DNA showed that the protein C gene was missing in an allele derived from the patient's father. DNA-sequence analysis of the protein C gene in the mutant . . .
Interval from the Onset of Transmitral Flow to Annular Velocity Is a Marker of LV Filling Pressure
Authors: Kenya Kusunose, Hirotsugu Yamada, Susumu Nishio, Rina Tamai, Toshiyuki Niki, Koji Yamaguchi, Yoshio Taketani, Takashi Iwase, Takeshi Soeki, Tetsuzo Wakatsuki, Masataka Sata
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)