tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vitiligo: an evidence-based update. Report of the 13th Evidence Based Update Meeting, 23 May 2013, Loughborough, U.K.
Authors: F. Meredith, R. Abbott
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The Evidence Based Update (EBU) meetings are annual one-day meetings held by the Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology at the University of Nottingham. The aim of the meeting is to discuss high-quality evidence, mainly in the form of systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials, on a different topic each year. The meetings are designed to be interactive with a panel discussion between international experts and delegates forming a key part of the meeting. The 13th EBU meeting was on vitiligo and took place on 23 May 2013 in Loughborough, U.K. The most recent research including new and unpublished studies was presented on the classification of vitiligo, the evidence behind different treatment options and current guidelines for vitiligo.
Cigarette Smoking and the Thyroid
Authors: Robert D. Utiger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Smoking is associated with so many abnormalities of thyroid function that it is unlikely it has a single action on the thyroid gland. In this regard, it is like at least one substance that occurs naturally in the body — iodine — and several drugs.The article by Müller et al.1 in this issue of the Journal presents evidence that in women with hypothyroidism, smoking decreases both thyroid secretion and thyroid hormone action. Among women with subclinical hypothyroidism, smoking was associated with decreased thyroid secretion on the basis of findings of lower serum concentrations of free thyroxine and higher serum . . .
Bouncebacks! Medical and Legal
Authors: Randall S. Hanson
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IODIZED OIL IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: Jacob Buckstein
Journal: JAMA (1926)

To the Editor:  —An experience that I have had with the use of lipiodol should be reported, to prevent a repetition. As this oily radiopaque substance had been employed successfully in the roentgen-ray investigation of various parts of the body, such as the lungs and the spinal cord, it occurred to me that it might prove to be ideal in a radiographic study of the anatomy and physiology of the gastric rugae along the lines of Forsell of Sweden. Because of the oily nature of the substance, I believed that on reaching the cardiac portion of the stomach, after being swallowed, it would gradually spread toward the pyloric ring and coat the mucosa in a manner to permit of a careful study of the gastric rugae over a prolonged period of time. I gave my patient three level teaspoonfuls of the lipiodol, and the manner in which the substance behaved
Subtrochanteric Fracture in a Patient with Paget's Disease
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Dr. W. H. Harris: A 59-year-old female was admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital complaining of sharp pain and tenderness in her left thigh. She was known to have had Paget's disease for many years. Six hours prior to admission, when the patient rose from a chair, her left leg twisted under her. She did not fall, but she experienced the sudden onset of sharp pain in the proximal portion of her left thigh. The remaining history was not remarkable. Physical examination showed diffuse enlargement of the skull. There was tenderness and swelling in the subtrochanteric region of the left thigh. There was marked bowing of the left femur, tibia, and fibula, and edema of the left foot and ankle. Otherwise, she was in good general health. Admission laboratory data were not remarkable. X-ray films demonstrated extensive Paget's disease involving the skull, dorsal spine, lumbar spine, pelvis, left femur, left
Getting a Head Start
Authors: Emily Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

SEVERAL years ago, Bruce Vladeck, PhD, who is now the administrator of the Health Care Financing Agency, pointed out that health policy "is the last great unsettled area of federal-state relations." Although he was referring to intergovernmental quarrels over Medicaid, his remark also foreshadowed the growing tension over which responsibilities (fiscal and otherwise) will be federal and which will fall to the states as health care reform takes shape. Former New York Congressman Otis Pike years ago observed that no city will undertake to pay for any activity it thinks it can get the state to pay for, and no state will undertake to pay for any activity it thinks it can get the federal government to pay for. The Medicaid program, passed by Congress in 1965, is a classic example of shared turf and its problems. Funded jointly by states and the federal government, administered by states but regulated
Perception and information processing
Authors: Angus Gellatly
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Perception and cognition can be understood either as conscious experience, thought, and behaviour or as bodily functions executed at the level of information processing. Whether or not they are cognitively penetrable depends on the level referred to. Selective attention is the mechanism by which cognition affects perception, theory influences observation and observational reports, culture biases experience, and current knowledge determines what inferences are made. Seeing must be distinguished from seeing as .
Possible Future Issues in the Treatment of Glioblastomas: Special Emphasis on Cell Migration and the Resistance of Migrating Glioblastoma Cells to Apoptosis
Authors: Florence Lefranc, Jacques Brotchi, Robert Kiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

The present review aims to emphasize that malignant gliomas are characterized by the diffuse invasion of distant brain tissue by a myriad of single migrating cells that exhibit decreased levels of apoptosis (programmed cell death type I), thus a resistance to cytotoxic insult.The present review surveys the molecular mechanisms of migration in malignant gliomas and potential issues arising from treatments, in addition to relationships between glioma cell migration and resistance to apoptosis in terms of the molecular signaling pathways.Clinical and experimental data demonstrate that glioma cell migration is a complex combination of multiple molecular processes, including the alteration of tumor cell adhesion to a modified extracellular matrix, the secretion of proteases by the cells, and modifications to the actin cytoskeleton. Intracellular signaling pathways involved in the acquisition of resistance to apoptosis by migrating glioma cells concern PI3K, Akt, mTOR, NF-kappaB, and autophagy (programmed cell death type II).A number of signaling pathways can be constitutively activated in migrating glioma cells, thus rendering these cells resistant to cytotoxic insults. However, these pathways are not all constitutively activated at the same time in any one glioma. Particular inhibitors should therefore only be chosen if the target is present in the tumor tissue, but this is only possible if individual patients are submitted to the molecular profiling of their tumors before undergoing any treatment to combat their migratory glioma cells. Specific antimigratory compounds should be added to conventional radio- and/or chemotherapy.
Skin Resurfacing
Authors: Andrew C. Markey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Skin Resurfacing: W ILLIAM P. C OLEMAN III, N AOMI L AWRENCE (1998) Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0‐683‐30165‐9. 329 pp. Get access Andrew C. Markey Andrew C. Markey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 139, Issue 5, 1 November 1998, Page 941, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02545.x Published: 01 November 1998
'I Don't Know'
Authors: Theodor T. Herwig
Journal: JAMA (1986)

"I don't know," our chief told the service patient. "I can't tell you for sure." I was shaken and taken aback. As a third-year medical student, I had not heard such a frank admission before. Our elders had seemed omniscient; these words were foreign and unprecedented. Hearing them unnerved me because a medical student who said "I don't know" admitted ignorance or failure, even guilt. How could the chief say them so blithefully? It used to be okay to say "I don't know." As freshmen newly arrived at medical school, we freely admitted our many uncertainties. The city was new to most of us, some of us had left economics or language undergraduate majors for medicine, and no one really knew what to expect. Not knowing was our first shared experience, and banding together before our uncertainties made us into a class. Not knowing was the mark of a freshman.
Kinetics of myoglobin release and prediction of myocardial myoglobin depletion after coronary artery reperfusion.
Authors: A K Ellis, B R Saran
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To better define the usefulness of blood myoglobin measurements in evaluating the effectiveness of attempted thrombolysis, we studied the kinetics of myoglobin entry into and removal from the circulation after coronary artery reperfusion and the relation between directly measured depletion of myocardial myoglobin after coronary occlusion and reperfusion and the amount of depletion predicted from plasma myoglobin concentration-time curves. Initially, canine myoglobin was administered to 11 dogs by both bolus injection and 40-minute infusion, and the subsequent disappearance patterns of myoglobin from plasma monitored by radioimmunoassay. A monoexponential regression line (corresponding to a one-compartment model) and a biexponential regression line (corresponding to a two-compartment model) were determined for each set of washout data, the kinetic parameters were calculated, and the goodness of fit of each model was assessed. Results were similar after both methods of myoglobin administration. In five of 11 animals, the one-compartment model described the myoglobin kinetics better; in the other six animals, the two-compartment model was statistically superior, but values for the volume of distribution and elimination rate constant differed by only 10% from the one-compartment estimates. After bolus administration of myoglobin and with a one-compartment model, the volume of distribution of myoglobin was determined to be 1,601 +/- 77 (SEM) ml, representing 6.8 +/- 0.2% of total body weight; the elimination rate constant averaged 0.132 +/- 0.006/min and corresponded to a mean half-time of disappearance of 5.5 +/- 0.2 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
TCT-665 Profile and Outcome of Very Late Bare Metal Stent Thrombosis Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ivan Gomez Blazquez, Emiliano Fdez-Obanza, Victor A. Jimenez Diaz, Jorge Sepúlveda, Antonio De Miguel Castro, Guillermo Bastos Fernández, Josué Ponce Bustillo, Alberto Ortiz Saez, Jose A. Baz Alonso, Andres Iñiguez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The role of endotoxin in grain dust-induced lung disease.
Authors: D A Schwartz, P S Thorne, S J Yagla, L F Burmeister, S A Olenchock, J L Watt, T J Quinn
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

To identify the role of endotoxin in grain dust-induced lung disease, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional investigation among grain handlers and postal workers. The study subjects were selected by randomly sampling all grain facilities and post offices within 100 miles of Iowa City. Our study population consisted of 410 grain workers and 201 postal workers. Grain workers were found to be exposed to higher concentrations of airborne dust (p = 0.0001) and endotoxin (p = 0.0001) when compared with postal workers. Grain workers had a significantly higher prevalence of work-related (cough, phlegm, wheezing, chest tightness, and dyspnea) and chronic (usual cough or phlegm production) respiratory symptoms than postal workers. Moreover, after controlling for age, gender, and cigarette smoking status, work-related respiratory symptoms were strongly associated with the concentration of endotoxin in the bioaerosol in the work setting. The concentration of total dust in the bioaerosol was marginally related to these respiratory problems. After controlling for age, gender, and cigarette smoking status, grain workers were found to have reduced spirometric measures of airflow (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75) and enhanced airway reactivity to inhaled histamine when compared with postal workers. Although the total dust concentration in the work environment appeared to have little effect on these measures of airflow obstruction, higher concentrations of endotoxin in the bioaerosol were associated with diminished measures of airflow and enhanced bronchial reactivity. Our results indicate that the concentration of endotoxin in the bioaerosol may be particularly important in the development of grain dust-induced lung disease.
Potential health effects of climatic change: effects of increased ultraviolet radiation on man.
Authors: F Urbach
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

There is scientific evidence that stratospheric ozone concentration has declined over the Northern Hemisphere in the past 20 years, and projections based on various assumptions about future release of chlorofluorocarbon gases and other contaminants suggest that this decline will continue into the next century. The effects on human health secondary to increase in biologically effective ultraviolet radiation are expected to consist of increases in nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanoma of the skin, possible alteration of immune response, and development of lens cataracts. The recent and projected increases in skin cancer and changes in human immune responses are discussed.
Abstract SY05-02: Targeting kinases with reversible covalent fragments
Authors: Jack Taunton
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The clinical utility of targeting kinases with covalent drugs has been firmly established, culminating in the recent FDA approval of afatinib and ibrutinib, which irreversibly inhibit the tyrosine kinases, EGFR and BTK. More broadly, chemical probes that form a covalent bond with a nonconserved, noncatalytic cysteine often show enhanced potency, selectivity, and utility in biological studies. Despite these advantages, protein-reactive compounds are usually avoided in high-throughput screening campaigns. Motivated by a desire to explore the chemistry of reactive electrophiles and thiols under physiological conditions, we initiated a study of Michael acceptors bearing substituents with increasing electron withdrawing capacity. We hypothesized that the intrinsically labile nature of the cysteine/cyanoacrylamide bond could be exploited to yield cysteine-targeted, reversible covalent inhibitors. These concepts led to the design of ultra-selective cyanoacrylamide-based RSK inhibitors with picomolar affinity and slow dissociation kinetics, the structural basis of which was revealed by x-ray crystallography. The intrinsically reversible, yet thermodynamically favorable nature of the cysteine/cyanoacrylamide bond suggested that this ‘sweet spot’ in electrophile space could form the basis of a fragment-based approach to ligand discovery. Screening a collection of cyanoacrylamide fragments against three kinases (RSK2, NEK2, and PLK1) containing a structurally equivalent cysteine delivered unique inhibitors for all three kinases with potencies in the submicromolar range. Optimization guided by x-ray crystallography rapidly led to the first dual inhibitor of MSK and RSK, with subnanomolar affinity and &amp;gt;500-fold selectivity over NEK2 and PLK1. In close collaboration with Brian Shoichet and Nir London, we have employed covalent docking methods to screen large virtual libraries of electrophilic fragments. We designed a pilot virtual library of 13,000 cyanoacrylamide fragments that can be synthesized in one simple step from commercially available aldehydes. A virtual screen of this library rapidly led to novel inhibitors of NEK2, PLK-, and MSK/RSK-family kinases. Finally, I will discuss our efforts to discover and design new electrophilic chemotypes that form reversible covalent bonds with cysteine residues. Citation Format: Jack Taunton. Targeting kinases with reversible covalent fragments. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr SY05-02. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-SY05-02
Possible circadian variation of serum mast cell tryptase concentration
Authors: S. Dugas‐Breit, B. Przybilla, P. Schöpf, F. Ruëff
Journal: Allergy (2005)

A temporarily elevated level of serum mast cell tryptase (ST) indicates mast cell activation and occurs in systemic anaphylactic reactions (SAR). We measured ST following a sting challenge in vespid venom-allergic patients treated with venom immunotherapy (VIT) and in healthy controls, respectively.To assess changes of ST over time in vespid venom-allergic patients at the occasion of a re-sting and in healthy controls.A sting challenge was performed in 20 patients on vespid VIT to monitor efficacy of VIT. ST was measured between 9.00 and 10.00 a.m. (baseline). Sting challenge was performed at 2.00 p.m., and ST was determined again 20 min, 90 min and 18 h later. Measurements at corresponding times of the day were done in nine healthy controls.One patient developed a mild SAR to the sting challenge which was associated with a temporary increase of ST. In the other 19 patients who tolerated the sting challenge without SAR ST decreased significantly by 18.0% (median, range 8.3-36.7%). Twenty minutes after the sting when compared with baseline levels (P < 0.001), a significant decrease of ST was still present after 90 min (median 13.7%) (P < 0.001), but not after 18 h (P = 0.57). A comparably significant temporary decline was found in controls.The temporary decline of ST in patients and in controls suggests a circadian variation of ST concentration. A normal diurnal pattern of ST concentration after sting challenge is associated with successful treatment.
New contrast material improves detection of liver and spleen metastases
Authors: M. Vermess
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: EUGENIO ARTEAGA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Three patients with primary aldosteronism due to adrenocortical carcinoma were studied, two with hyperaldosteronism alone and one also with hypercortisolism; in the later stages all three had hypersecretion of glucocorticoid and androgenic hormones. Although clinical presentations were similar to those of patients with benign adenoma, all had significantly higher concentrations of deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone and more profound hypokalemia. Stimulation with adrenocorticotropin in two patients showed a good cortisol response but no aldosterone response. The circadian rhythm for Cortisol was normal but absent for aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone. Sequential 24-hour circadian studies in one patient showed that as the disease progressed, corticosterone and finally Cortisol lost their circadian rhythms. Treatment with spironolactone, mitotane, or aminoglutethimide had transient clinical effects. The patients died 2 to 13 years later.
The Need for Diagnosis-Related Group 471
Authors: John W. Yarbro
Journal: JAMA (1985)

TODAY we face a crisis in clinical research that demands that attention be directed to a problem that physicians have not had to worry about in the past: the impact of reimbursement for patient care on the progress of medical science. Until this year, the costs for patients involved in clinical trials were paid in two ways: the research costs of data collection and analysis, experimental drugs, and such were paid by research grants; the patient-care costs were paid by the patient or the insurance carrier. The advent of the prospective payment system and diagnosis-related group (DRG) reimbursement dramatically alters this system and changes the incentives. Under the DRG system, the hospital receives a fee fixed by diagnosis, and administrators are likely to show little enthusiasm for anything that increases the cost of care. Extra laboratory tests or x-ray films beyond a bare minimum will not be encouraged. The pattern
Placental transfusion might reduce prevalence of iron deficiency
Authors: G Markey, T C M Morris
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Alfredo Pisacane states that current obstetric practice in relation to immediate or early clamping of the umbilical cord may contribute to neonatal iron deficiency owing to the volume of fetal blood that is retained in the placenta when this practice is followed.1 He also points out that even a moderate transfusion of 20-30 ml/kg from placenta to infant can minimise depletion of iron stores in late infancy.

There is evidence that relatively …
647 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL REAPPRAISAL OF HEPATOCELLULAR ADENOMAS: A SINGLE INSTITUTION EXPERIENCE OF 61 PATIENTS IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: J.C. Hernandez-Prera, A. Elsabbagh, S.C. Ward, M.I. Fiel, S. Roayaie, M.E. Schwartz, S.N. Thung
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)