tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
O8.10 * A MODEL FOR RESEARCH INITIATIVES FOR RARE CANCERS: THE COLLABORATIVE EPENDYMOMA RESEARCH NETWORK (CERN)
Authors: T. S. Armstrong, K. Aldape, A. Gajjar, C. Haynes, D. Hirakawa, R. Gilbertson, M. R. Gilbert
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Ependymoma represents less than 5% of adult central nervous system (CNS) tumors and a higher percentage of pediatric CNS tumors, but it remains an orphan disease. The majority of the laboratory-based research and clinical trials have been conducted in the pediatric setting, a reflection of the relative incidence and funding opportunities. CERN, created in 2006, was designed to establish a collaborative effort between laboratory and clinical research and pediatric and adult investigators. The organization of CERN is based on integration and collaboration among five projects. Project 1 contains the clinical trials network encompassing both adult and pediatric centers. This group has completed 2 clinical trials with more underway. Project 2 is focused on molecular classification of human ependymoma tumor tissues and also contains the tumor repository which has now collected over 600 fully clinically annotated CNS ependymomas from adults and children. Project 3 is focused on drug discovery utilizing robust laboratory models of ependymoma to perform high throughput screening of drug libraries, then taking promising agents through extensive preclinical testing including monitoring of drug delivery to tumor using state of the art microdialysis. Project 4 contains the basic research efforts evaluating the molecular pathogenesis of ependymoma and has successfully translated these findings by generating the first mouse models of ependymoma that are employed in preclinical drug development in Project 3. Project 5 studies patient outcomes, including the incorporation of these measures in the clinical trials. This project also contains an online Ependymoma Outcomes survey, collecting data on the consequences of the disease and its treatment. These projects have been highly successful and collaborative. For example, the serial measurement of symptom burden (Project 5) has greatly contributed to the evaluation of treatment efficacy of a clinical trial (Project 1) and investigators from Project 2 are evaluating potential predictive markers from tumor tissue from the same clinical trial. Results from genomic and molecular discoveries generated by Project 4 were evaluated using the clinical material from the Tumor Registry (Project 2). Agents identified from the high throughput screening in Project 3 are being used to create novel clinical trials (Project 1). As a complimentary effort, CERN's community outreach efforts provide a major gateway to patients, families, caregivers and healthcare providers, contributing to greater awareness of ependymoma, and supporting clinical trial accrual in Project 1. In summary, CERN has successfully created a collaborative, multi-national integrated effort combining pediatric- and adult-focused investigators spanning from basic science to patient outcomes measures. This research paradigm may be an effective approach for other rare cancers.
Occupied Territories: entry denied
Authors: B. Alofs
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Last week I left home to work for six weeks as a medical volunteer for the Palestine Red Crescent Society in the Occupied Territories. I have worked before in Palestinian (refugee) communities, both in the Occupied Territories and in Lebanon. So has my wife, Dr Pauline Cutting, who was awarded an OBE for her humanitarian work in the Palestinian refugee camps. I am a primary care doctor, but I am also an advanced trauma life support provider and I have treated war injuries on numerous occasions.

> I was handed over to the police and placed in a shabby holding unit at the airport 

On 6 May at 3.50 am I arrived on Lufthansa flight LH0690 at Ben Gurion airport in Tel Aviv. Getting through passport control and security has always been an awkward process, but I have never before been barred from entering.

This time things were different. After passport control came the security people with their barrage of questions. I stated my intentions truthfully: that I had come to work …
Human Relations in Industry
Authors: G. Schuster
Journal: BMJ (1948)

My approach will be that of a " universalist" rather than a specialist.tI shall try to present various relevant considerations in their right total setting.2. The subject of human relations in industry is attracting increasing attention to-day.There are many reasons for this in the conditions of our time.In the desperate national need for improved production there is a growing appreciation that, since mechanical re-equipment will take a long time, immediate results must be sought mainly in better use of human effort, for which voluntary co-operation is an essential condition.3. That there should be increased interest is to the good.But there are dangers in a special concentration of interest aroused in this way-first, the danger that the improve- ment of human relations may be sought merely as a means to an end, and, secondly, the danger that the human factor may be treated as a detached subject for the specialist, as something which can be studied in isolation instead of as part of a total situation for which all share responsibility.The Ends of Industrial Activity 4. "What are the ends of industrial activity ?As I see it there should be a threefold purpose.(1) To atchieve "excellence"> in production, which in practical terms means to produce the " right'" things with the minimum expenditure of human effort and material resources.(2) To provide for the human beings engaged in it a satisfactory activity as the foundation of a good life.(3) To fit in as an important part of a satisfactory pattern of society.Of course in this imperfect world (certainly as we are likely to find it in our lifetime) there will be no ideal fulfil- ment of all these purposes.In practical circumstances they may at times be in conflict one with the other in the sense that more emphasis on one may mean less on the others.But no single one of them can be neglected, and the three must be reconciled as best possible.Let me apply these ideas to the subject of my address in the actual conditions of to-day, and explain my apprehensions of the " dangers."5. My chief point is that if managers start now to take a human interest in their workers merely as a means to an end-merely in order to improve production results-then they will be both wrong and unsuccessful.They will be *Read in opening a discussion in the Section of Occupational Health at the Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association, Cambridge, 1948.t" Universality does not consist in knowing as much as possible, but in seeing the relation between things.The universalist man does not wish to know everything but to grasp what is essential.Suddenly in a moment of'blessed rapture he is vouchsafed a glimpse of the whole."(Walter Schubart.)1I use " excellence " in the sense of the Greek word " arete."
Haemoptysis during sexual intercourse.
Authors: T K Daneshmend
Journal: BMJ (1984)

established treatment with 3 blockers, although a high incidence of intolerance has been reported with primidone.We have encountered adverse reactions (nausea, vomiting, dizziness) in some patients after a single small dosefor example, 62-5 mg orally.The cause of this acute sensitivity (toxicity) is not clear.There is, however, evidence to indicate that this problem could be circumvented by prior exposure to phenobarbitone or other drugs to induce the liver enzymes involved in the metabolism of primidone.10In our experience tranquillising and sedative drugs can be useful in attenuating essential tremor.Their effectiveness is, however, proportional to the degree ofsedation produced.Alcohol, thouah strikingly effective in some patients, cannot be considered as realistic treatment.
Administration of Cardiac Stem Cells in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: The SCIPIO Trial
Authors: Atul R. Chugh, Garth M. Beache, John H. Loughran, Nathan Mewton, Julius B. Elmore, Jan Kajstura, Patroklos Pappas, Antone Tatooles, Marcus F. Stoddard, Joao A.C. Lima, Mark S. Slaughter, Piero Anversa, Roberto Bolli
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— SCIPIO is a first-in-human, phase 1, randomized, open-label trial of autologous c-kit + cardiac stem cells (CSCs) in patients with heart failure of ischemic etiology undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In the present study, we report the surgical aspects and interim cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) results. Methods and Results— A total of 33 patients (20 CSC-treated and 13 control subjects) met final eligibility criteria and were enrolled in SCIPIO. CSCs were isolated from the right atrial appendage harvested and processed during surgery. Harvesting did not affect cardiopulmonary bypass, cross-clamp, or surgical times. In CSC-treated patients, CMR showed a marked increase in both LVEF (from 27.5±1.6% to 35.1±2.4% [ P =0.004, n=8] and 41.2±4.5% [ P =0.013, n=5] at 4 and 12 months after CSC infusion, respectively) and regional EF in the CSC-infused territory. Infarct size (late gadolinium enhancement) decreased after CSC infusion (by manual delineation: −6.9±1.5 g [−22.7%] at 4 months [ P =0.002, n=9] and −9.8±3.5 g [−30.2%] at 12 months [ P =0.039, n=6]). LV nonviable mass decreased even more (−11.9±2.5 g [−49.7%] at 4 months [ P =0.001] and −14.7±3.9 g [−58.6%] at 12 months [ P =0.013]), whereas LV viable mass increased (+11.6±5.1 g at 4 months after CSC infusion [ P =0.055] and +31.5±11.0 g at 12 months [ P =0.035]). Conclusions— Isolation of CSCs from cardiac tissue obtained in the operating room is feasible and does not alter practices during CABG surgery. CMR shows that CSC infusion produces a striking improvement in both global and regional LV function, a reduction in infarct size, and an increase in viable tissue that persist at least 1 year and are consistent with cardiac regeneration. Clinical Trial Registration— This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov, trial number NCT00474461.
What Bugs You?
Authors: Michal Shani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

On Being a Doctor19 October 2010What Bugs You?Michal Shani, MD, MPHMichal Shani, MD, MPHFrom Clalit Health Service, 76469 Rehovot, Israel.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-8-201010190-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It was a usual day in my office when Eve entered the room with her husband. Eve was born in Ethiopia and immigrated to Israel with her husband and children several years ago. I knew Eve well from her recurrent visits to my clinic, where I was her family physician. She would come in periodically and invariably describe a wide assortment of aches and weaknesses that prevented her from working. I ordered extensive tests and spent many hours deepening my knowledge about Eve and her potential condition. The tests revealed nothing; the results could not be translated into any known ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Clalit Health Service, 76469 Rehovot, Israel.Corresponding Author: Michal Shani, MD, MPH, Department of Family Medicine, Central District, Clalit Health Service, 56 Chen Street, 76469 Rehovot, Israel; e-mail, michal.[email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 October 2010Volume 153, Issue 8Page: 547KeywordsChildrenComputed axial tomographyDrugsEmotionsMedical servicesMotivationPainReasoningTraditional medicine ePublished: 19 October 2010 Issue Published: 19 October 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONS OF THE SPINE
Authors: H. Platt
Journal: BMJ (1938)

Mechanism of Spinal InjuriesThe majority of fractures and dislocations of the spine occur at the three levels of greatest mobility: (a) in the upper cervical region (atlas, axis); (b) in the lower cervical region (fifth, sixth, and seventh cervical vertebrae); and (c) in the dorso-lumbar region (eleventh and twelfth dorsal and first and second lumbar vertebrae).A brief consideration of the effects on the spine of certain forces is essential to a clear understanding of the principles of treatment.
Failure to Transmit Rubella Virus Vaccine
Authors: Scott B. Halstead
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Attenuated rubella viruses retain the property of pharyngeal shedding and might cause unrestricted secondary infections in susceptible contacts of vaccinees. To test this possibility, Cendehill rubella vaccine was administered to 15 susceptible women whose husbands were without detectable rubella hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody. All women developed antibody after immunization. No male spouses had HI antibody eight weeks after administration of the vaccine to the women, or approximately five weeks after the expected period of pharyngeal virus shedding. Lack of spread of rubella vaccine virus among young married couples with close physical contact is further evidence for the low transmissibility of these viruses.
Occupational wood‐dust sensitivity from <i>Euonymus europaeus</i> (spindle tree) and investigation of cross reactivity between <i>E.e.</i> wood and <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> pollen (mugwort)
Authors: D. A. Herold, R. Wahl, H. J. Maasch, B. M. Hausen, G. Kunkel
Journal: Allergy (1991)

A 44‐year‐old goldsmith suffered from rhinitis and conjunctivitis after having worked with wood dust from Euonymus europaeus (E.e.) for 15 years. The material was used for drying pieces of jewellery. Very strong reactions could be seen after friction test, scratch test and nasal challenge using wood dust of E.e. RAST‐class 3 could be measured with the serum of this patient using E.e. wood and Artemisia vulgaris ( A.u. pollen) allergen disks. RAST‐inhibition, westernblot (WB) and immunoprint (IP) indicated common allergens in extracts of E.e. wood and A.v. pollen of different degree. In addition this study indicated that subjects suffering from A.v. pollen allergy also show sensitization to E.e. wood since in 22 of 37 A.v. pollen allergies A.v. (RAST class 2‐4) IgE‐antibodies could be seen. The present case probably demonstrates for the first time an IgE‐mediated type I allergy to E.e. wood.
Europe is updating rules on medical devices after implant fiasco
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Pressure is growing for stricter European controls on medical devices and better traceability after the discovery of defective silicone gel breast implants manufactured by the French company Poly Implants Prostheses (PIP).

The European Commission, after being questioned by a British Labour member of the European parliament, Linda McAvan, confirmed last week that it is working on updating existing medical devices legislation that came into force in March 2010.

While welcoming the move, Mrs McAvan suggested that because many women are unsure whether their breast implants are defective, …
Programmed investigation unit.
Authors: Y Sachdev, A Gomez-Pan, P M Fletcher, R Hall
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The programmed investigation unit (PIU) is a inpatient unit where a full range of investigational medicine can be organised. It provides the basic minimum nursing care and is suitable for ambulant patients who can care for themselves. Requests for admission to the PIU at the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, come directly from clinical units, and the staff of these units perform some of the tests and remain responsible for the patient while she is in the unit. At present the unit caters only for female medical patients. The average waiting time for admission is three weeks, and because the unit now deals with most investigations the waiting time for admission to the female general medical wards has fallen considerably. The staff of the unit have gained expertise in diagnostic methods, while the nurses of general medical wards have been free to concentrate on nursing those patients who need it. Separating patients who need investigations from those on general medical wards seems a logical way of using resources and staff to best effect.
Impaired prostaglandin E1/I2 receptor activity of human blood platelets in acute ischemic heart disease.
Authors: N N Kahn, H S Mueller, A K Sinha
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The platelets from 74 patients with acute myocardial infarction or with unstable angina showed decreased prostaglandin E1/I2 receptor activity when compared with that of 56 normal volunteers by using [3H]prostaglandin E1 as a probe. In normals, Scatchard analyses showed the presence of one high-affinity-low-capacity (Kd1 = 9.0 +/- 1.2 nM [mean +/- SD]; n1 = 120 +/- 30 sites/cell) and one low-affinity-high-capacity (Kd2 = 1.1 +/- 0.5 microM; n2 = 1,460 +/- 250 sites/cell) prostaglandin E1/I2 receptor population in platelets. In contrast (p less than 0.01), platelets from patients showed decreased ligand binding (n1 = 40 +/- 20 sites/cell; n2 = 800 +/- 210 sites/cell) with little change in the affinity of the receptors (Kd1 = 7.50 +/- 1.6 nM; Kd2 = 0.68 +/- 0.24 microM). On the other hand, the platelets from the patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 7) who were hospitalized for acute chest pain but had normal coronary arteries did not show any impairment of the receptor activity. The plasma prostacyclin level of the patients with acute ischemic heart disease was similar to that of normal volunteers; this finding indicated that the defective receptor function was not related to the prostaglandin receptors occupancy in vivo. The impaired receptor activity was temporary in nature. The follow-up studies showed that the prostaglandin receptor activity of the patients' platelets improved to "normal" levels within 2-8 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dissemination of Information on Hypertension-Reply
Authors: Jeoffrey K. Stross
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The major thrust of our article was to demonstrate when dissemination of information occurs and via what vehicles. I concur with Dr Gilchrist's concern with making statistical comparisons between two groups that vary in more than one characteristic, but I believe that the text that explains Table 2 notes the time interval differences and states that the statistical difference is "less meaningful." The study was not designed to point out differences between family physicians and internists but to study the dissemination of an important project. The fact that 40% of physicians surveyed at two months and 60% surveyed at six months were aware of the HDFP study is a remarkable accomplishment in light of previous research on information dissemination. The role of the medical journal and formal continuing medical education courses in disseminating information in a timely fashion is also helpful when you realize that these modalities constitute
MECHANISMS OF IMPAIRED WATER EXCRETION IN ADRENAL AND PITUITARY INSUFFICIENCY. II. INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF ADRENAL CORTICAL STEROIDS AND ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN DIABETES INSIPIDUS*
Authors: Charles R. Kleeman, Jerry Koplowitz, Morton H. Maxwell, Ralph Cutler, J. Thomas Dowling
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

The impaired water diuresis of adrenal or pituitary insufficiency is completely corrected by the administration of cortisol and other glucocorti- coid analogues (1-5).This correction results not from improved renal hemodynamics, altered tubular reabsorption of solutes, or removal of a nonosmotic (volume) stimulus to continued antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release, but probably from a direct effect of the steroid on the diluting segments of the nephrons (2, 6).This interpretation implies that the formation, release and in- activation of ADH are normal in the adrenal- insufficient subject.Most of the available data in humans would tend to confirm this implication (1, 2, 5-14).Others, however, have suggested that glucocorticoids may be either biological an- tagonists of or may improve the impaired water excretion in adrenal and pituitary insufficiency by correcting a defect in the metab- olism of ADH (18,(20)(21)(22).In the present investigation, the interrelationship between adrenal glucocorticoids and ADH was evaluated by observing the effect of the steroid on the parameters of water diuresis and antidiuresis.The experiments were designed to an- swer the following questions.What is the effect of acute and chronic administration of glucocorticoid on: 1) maximal sustained water diuresis in normals and in patients with diabetes insipidus?2) the acute and sustained release of ADH from the neurohypophysis following both osmotic and nonosmotic stimuli? 3) the rate of inactivation of circulating ADH following inhibition of its release
From pigsties to hog heaven?
Authors: D A Taylor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

In the continuing transformation of U.S. agriculture, North Carolina finds itself on the front edge of change. Between 1989 and 1998, the number of hogs in the state's pork industry quintupled---and so has the amount of hog waste that must be disposed of. Now the state has engaged private and public resources in a rapid search for better ways for handling hog waste. A technology review panel has approved the first round of proposals for a number of novel technologies to be developed through funds from a government-industry agreement. A second batch of proposals is expected to be approved by late summer.
Gold Reactions Are Not More Common in Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: MICHAEL H. GORDON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Sjögren's syndrome has recently been added to the list of contraindications to chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. The proscription was based on a study of Sjögren's syndrome analyzing all clinical details, including allergies. A rather larger proportion of patients than expected had developed reactions, but there were few patients in that particular study. Review of our experience with 101 gold-treated patients, 60 of whom had rheumatoid arthritis alone and 41 of whom also had Sjögren's syndrome, suggests that, if anything, the patients who had Sjögren's syndrome tolerated chrysotherapy somewhat better. As progressive rheumatoid arthritis accompanied by Sjögren's syndrome falls into the category of disease most likely to benefit from chrysotherapy, we conclude that gold compounds should not be withheld from these patients.
Biomechanics of Running
Authors: Donald B. Slocum
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Human locomotion evolves from a profusion of interrelated mechanical minutiae, and it attains its greatest perfection in the smooth, even, graceful running gait of the trained athlete. Each body segment contributes to this final pattern. Individually, each lower extremity may be considered as a system of articulated levers which are acted on by the dynamic force of muscles, the kinetic force of the forward moving body, and the static forces of gravity and ground reaction. Together, they present a complex series of interrelated physical phenomena undergoing a constant flux with each change of position. The synchronous motions of the trunk and upper extremities aid in the balance and rhythm of forward progression by constantly positioning the body's center of gravity where it can be used most effectively. Fortunately, human evolution has streamlined the mechanical structures of the body to attain running speed and still provide stability which is essential if