tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-12 induction of Th1 cytokines is important for viral clearance in chronic hepatitis B.
Authors: S Rossol, G Marinos, P Carucci, M V Singer, R Williams, N V Naoumov
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Interleukin-12, a cytokine with an important role against intracellular pathogens, promotes Th1 cell development, cellmediated cytotoxicity, and interferon-gamma production. We investigated the immunoregulatory role of IL-12 in 72 chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers, 33 of whom were monitored longitudinally during interferon-alpha treatment. Serum levels of IL-12 heterodimer, IL-12 p40 subunit, IL-4, and Th1 cytokines were determined by specific ELISAs, and hepatitis B core antigen-specific T cell response by a proliferation assay. Chronic HBV carriers had higher serum levels of IL-12 and IL-12 p40 in comparison with controls (P < 0.01), suggesting that IL-12 production is not impaired. The longitudinal analysis revealed a further substantial increase (> 2.5x baseline level) of bioactive IL-12 and Th1 cytokines in patients who cleared HBV and seroconverted to anti- hepatitis B e, unlike the 23 nonresponders with persistent HBV replication (P < 0.01). The IL-12 peak followed the peak of hepatocytolysis by 9.8+/-2.8 wk and occurred either before or simultaneously with hepatitis B e seroconversion. Hepatitis B core antigen-specific T cell proliferation closely correlated with hepatocytolysis and increased significantly in all patients (8 responders and 15 nonresponders) who developed hepatitis flare, irrespective of the virological outcome. These results provide in vivo evidence that IL-12 may have an important role for viral clearance in chronic HBV infection.
Protection Against Hepatitis B After Marrow Transplantation
Authors: A. IRINONDO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1986Protection Against Hepatitis B After Marrow TransplantationA. IRINONDO, J. M. PASTOR, V. HERMOSA, C. BELLO, M. A. GANDARILLAS, C. RICHARD, E. CONDE, J. GARIJO, A. ZUBIZARRETAA. IRINONDOSearch for more papers by this author, J. M. PASTORSearch for more papers by this author, V. HERMOSASearch for more papers by this author, C. BELLOSearch for more papers by this author, M. A. GANDARILLASSearch for more papers by this author, C. RICHARDSearch for more papers by this author, E. CONDESearch for more papers by this author, J. GARIJOSearch for more papers by this author, A. ZUBIZARRETASearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-2-293_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Recently, the use of immune globulins for protection against viral hepatitis was reviewed (1). Nevertheless, there is little information about the amount of hepatitis B immune globulin needed in patients receiving transfusions of blood positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Moreover, there are no published data on use of the hepatitis B immune globulin in recipients of bone marrow transplants. We report the case of a patient negative for HBsAg who was successfully protected with hepatitis B immune globulin prophylaxis after receiving a bone marrow transplant from a donor positive for HBsAg.A 46-year-old woman negative...References1. . Recommendations for protection against viral hepatitis: recommendation of the immunization practices advisory committee. MMWR. 1985;34:313-24, 329-35. (Reprinted in Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:391-403.) MedlineGoogle Scholar2. SEEFFWRIGHTZIMMERMAN LEH. Type B hepatitis after needle-stick exposure: prevention with hepatitis B immune globulin: final report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. Ann Intern Med. 1978;88:285-93. LinkGoogle Scholar3. GRADYLEEPRINCE GVA. Hepatitis B immune globulin for accidental exposures among medical personnel: final report of a multicenter controlled trial. J Infect Dis. 1978;138:625-38. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. COUROUCE-PAUTYDELONSSOULIER ASJ. Attempt to prevent hepatitis by using specific anti-HBs immunoglobulin. Am J Med Sci. 1975;270:375-83. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital Nacional "Marqués de Valdecilla" 39008 Santander, Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHepatitis B immunoglobulin in combination with lamivudine for prevention of hepatitis B virus reactivation in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation 1 August 1986Volume 105, Issue 2Page: 293-294KeywordsBlood transfusionBone marrowGlobulinsHepatitisHepatitis BHepatitis B surface antigenProphylaxisTransplantation Issue Published: 1 August 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Mutant huntingtin binds the mitochondrial fission GTPase dynamin-related protein-1 and increases its enzymatic activity
Authors: Wenjun Song, Jin Chen, Alejandra Petrilli, Geraldine Liot, Eva Klinglmayr, Yue Zhou, Patrick Poquiz, Jonathan Tjong, Mahmoud A Pouladi, Michael R Hayden, Eliezer Masliah, Mark Ellisman, Isabelle Rouiller, Robert Schwarzenbacher, Blaise Bossy, Guy Perkins, Ella Bossy-Wetzel
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
Mandated Choice for Organ Donation
Authors: Mary Ellen Waithe
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I must take strong exception to the views of Drs Murray and Youngner<sup>1</sup>that "[t]reating a person how they want to be treated is a persuasive argument for doing just that while they are alive; it loses much of its persuasive force after death." This is not only not true morally speaking, but the entire legal tradition of the law of wills dating to the Roman era is eloquent reminder that it is false. I fear that the authors confuse the elementary distinction between a person's ability to exercise autonomy and the fact that the right to autonomy survives even the death of the body. This fact, namely, that there is enshrined in the law of wills a recognition of the posthumous survival of moral right of autonomy, is at the very heart of the legal obligation to carry out the terms of a will executed
380 SUPERIORITY OF CT ARTERIOPORTAL ANGIOGRAPHY TO CONTRAST-ENHANCED CT AND MRI IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN NODULES SMALLER THAN 2CM
Authors: S.R. Kim, S. Imoto, H. Ikawa, K. Ando, K. Mita, S. Fuki, K. Kim, M. Taniguchi, N. Sasase, T. Matsuoka, M. Kudo, Y. Hayashi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Refinement of the international prognostic scoring system (IPSS) by including LDH as an additional prognostic variable to improve risk assessment in patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
Authors: U Germing, B Hildebrandt, M Pfeilstöcker, T Nösslinger, P Valent, C Fonatsch, M Lübbert, D Haase, C Steidl, O Krieger, R Stauder, A A N Giagounidis, C Strupp, A Kündgen, T Mueller, R Haas, N Gattermann, C Aul
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
THE EARLY APPEARANCE OF GAMETOCYTES IN ARTIFICIALLY INDUCED TERTIAN MALARIA
Authors: J. H. St. John
Journal: JAMA (1927)

In the course of routine examinations for<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>, used in the treatment of general paralysis, the early appearance of gametocytes was noted in a few instances. In six of our last cases of artificially inoculated malaria, we have obtained the data given in the accompanying table as to the time of the first appearance of gametocytes. It is thus apparent that gametocytes of<i>Plasmodium vivax</i>are present in the infections produced by direct transfer of blood much earlier than in the generally accepted time of their appearance in naturally acquired malaria. Theoretically, gametocytes were present in the artificially induced cases of malaria in sufficient numbers to be infectious to mosquitoes, at least, in four of the cases cited, as early as the second and third days after the onset of the infections. Craig<sup>1</sup>has called attention to the fact that gametocytes occur in latent malaria in
Survival outcome of care by specialist surgeons in breast cancer: a study of 3786 patients in the west of Scotland
Authors: C. R Gillis, D. J Hole
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To compare survival outcome for patients with breast cancer cared for by specialist and non-specialist surgeons in a geographically defined area.Retrospective study of all female patients aged under 75 years in the area treated between 1980 and June 1988 (before breast screening began). Patients were identified from the cancer registry and from pathology records of all hospitals in the area. Specialist surgeons were identified by one author. All other surgeons caring for patients from the area were considered non-specialists.A geographically defined population in urban west of Scotland.3786 patients with histologically verified breast cancer operated on between 1 January 1980 and 30 June 1988 and followed to 31 December 1993.Five and 10 year survival rates for specialists and non-specialists; relative hazard ratios derived from Cox's proportional hazards model adjusted for prognostic factors--age, socioeconomic status, tumour size, and nodal involvement.The five year survival rate was 9% higher and the 10 year survival 8% higher for patients cared for by specialist surgeons. A reduction in risk of dying of 16% (95% confidence interval 6% to 25%) was found after adjustment for age, tumour size, socioeconomic status, and nodal involvement. The benefit of specialist care was apparent for all age groups, for small and large tumours, and for tumours that did and did not affect the nodes and was consistent across all socioeconomic categories.Survival differences of the magnitude demonstrated have implications for the provision of services for the treatment of women with breast cancer. There is a need to improve equity in the treatment of breast cancer.
Other anti‐inflammatory uses of intranasal corticosteroids in upper respiratory inflammatory diseases
Authors: G. K. Scadding
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Topical corticosteroids are an effective treatment for nasal polyposis and other conditions associated with rhinitis. There is evidence that asthma, otitis media with effusion, and acute sinusitis may all benefit from such therapy. Fluticasone propionate (FP) drops have been shown to reduce polyp size, and to improve nasal inspiratory flow, while avoiding the side-effects of, for example, topical betamethasone therapy. In small children with allergic rhinitis, fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray (FPANS) has been shown to be significantly more effective than ketotifen in relieving night and daytime symptoms, and nasal blockage. There is also preliminary evidence of efficacy in obstructive sleep apnoea and acute sinusitis. The advent of FP, with its low propensity to cause systemic side-effects, makes it possible to use topical corticosteroid therapy safely for prolonged periods to treat many inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
Linkage of the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein ( <i>CETP</i> ) Gene to LDL Particle Size
Authors: Philippa J. Talmud, Karen L. Edwards, Clare M. Turner, Beth Newman, Jutta M. Palmen, Steve E. Humphries, Melissa A. Austin
Journal: Circulation (2000)

A preponderance of small, dense LDL particles, elevated levels of plasma triglycerides (TG), and low levels of HDL characterize the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype, which is associated with increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Genetic and environmental factors influence LDL size, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) being one of the candidate genes. CETP mediates the transfer of cholesteryl ester from HDL to apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins in exchange for TG, promoting reverse cholesterol transfer and remodeling of lipoprotein particles.We have identified a tetranucleotide repeat (fragment sizes from 324 to 464 bp; heterozygosity index = 0.74) within the CETP promoter and used it in quantitative sib-pair linkage analysis in 119 female dizygotic (DZ) twins. Linkage was found to LDL size (P<0.001), TG (P<0.005), and plasma apoB (P = 0.02). The distribution of the tetranucleotide repeats was bimodal, and there was strong allelic association of the "short" alleles with the B2 allele of CETP TaqIB polymorphic site (P<0.001).This report of linkage of the CETP gene to LDL particle size adds to the list of candidate genes linked to LDL size, supporting the hypothesis of multigenic determination of LDL size heterogeneity. Whether this promoter variation is itself functional or is a marker for a functional site in the CETP gene remains to be determined.
Amyloidosis and Behçet's Disease
Authors: VINCENT BERONIADE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments1 December 1975Amyloidosis and Behçet's DiseaseVINCENT BERONIADE, M.D., D.SC.VINCENT BERONIADE, M.D., D.SC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-6-904 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent paper by Rosenthal and colleagues (1) reports three patients with systemic amyloidosis and Behcet's disease. They quote a previous paper by us (2) describing three cases of renal involvement in Behçet's disease. As our paper was published in a local journal in Rumania and some peculiar aspects differentiate our patients from those of Rosenthal and colleagues, we believe it worthwhile to summarize our findings.In our patients, the renal involvement manifested itself from 2 to 9 years after the first sign of the disease. They all had massive proteinuria (4 to 12 g/24 h), hypoproteinemia...References1. ROSENTHALBANKALADJEM THM: Systemic amyloidosis in Behçet's disease. Ann Intern Med 83:220-223, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar2. NESTORBERONIADECARNARU GVS: Behcet's disease with renal involvement (with reference to three anatomo-clinical cases). Med Interna (Bucarest) 21:1511-1518, 1969 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine Nephrology-Hypertension Section University of Montreal Hôtel-Dieu of Montreal Montreal, Quebec Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCardiac findings in Behçet’s patientsPulmonary Vasculitis in Behçet DiseaseRenal Behçet's disease: A cumulative analysisBehçet's Disease and AmyloidosisTakayasu's disease presenting as a nephrotic syndrome due to amyloidosis.Henoch-Schönlein Purpura With Nephritis in a Patient With Behçet's DiseaseBehÇet’s disease associated with amyloidosisAmylose rénale et digestive et maladie de BehçetSuperior Vena Cava Syndrome in Behçet's DiseaseBehcet’s Syndrome and Renal Involvement: A Histological and Immunofluorescent Study of Eleven Renal BiopsiesCase 19-1982Pathologische Anatomie oraler AphthosenKidney involvement in Beh�et's syndromeBehçet's Syndrome 1 December 1975Volume 83, Issue 6Page: 904-905KeywordsAmyloidosisHypoproteinemiaProteinuriaRenal diseasesSystemic diseases Issue Published: 1 December 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Egg Consumption and Risk of Heart Failure in the Physicians’ Health Study
Authors: Luc Djoussé, J. Michael Gaziano
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Reduction in dietary cholesterol is widely recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Although eggs are important sources of dietary cholesterol and other nutrients, little is known about the association between egg consumption and heart failure (HF) risk.In a prospective cohort study of 21 275 participants from the Physicians' Health Study I, we examined the association between egg consumption and the risk of HF. Egg consumption was assessed with the use of a simple abbreviated food questionnaire, and we used Cox regression to estimate relative risks of HF. After an average follow-up of 20.4 years, a total of 1084 new HF cases occurred in this cohort. Although egg consumption up to 6 times per week was not associated with incident HF, egg consumption of > or = 7 per week was associated with an increased risk of HF. Compared with subjects who reported egg consumption of < 1 per week, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for HF were 1.28 (1.02 to 1.61) and 1.64 (1.08 to 2.49) for egg consumption of 1 per day and > or = 2 per day, respectively, after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and history of atrial fibrillation, hypertension, valvular heart disease, and hypercholesterolemia. Similar results were obtained for HF without antecedent myocardial infarction.Our data suggest that infrequent egg consumption is not associated with the risk of HF. However, egg consumption of > or = 1 per day is related to an increased risk of HF among US male physicians.
Acute appendicitis, bathrooms, and diet in Britain and Ireland
Authors: D J P Barker, J. Morris
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Hospital discharge rates after acute appendicitis were analysed in relation to the provision of household amenities and diet in 73 areas of England and Wales, nine health board areas in Scotland, and all eight health board areas of Eire. The rates of acute appendicitis correlated with the percentage of households lacking amenities, in particular fixed baths and hot water systems. Consumption of green vegetables was an additional influence on the geographical distribution of the disease. These findings support a relation between appendicitis and hygiene, which would explain both the rise and fall of the disease during this century.
Wants and needs
Authors: J. T. Hart
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Once people understand what the reforms will mean for NHS England,1 and that Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland have refused to go down this path, enough backbench MPs might fear for their seats to defeat the bill on its third reading. Lansley got over 6000 responses to his “consultation.” Although these were overwhelmingly critical—and from virtually every representative professional body—the bill plunged even faster and deeper into privatisation …
Isolation and study of an acquired inhibitor of human coagulation factor V.
Authors: M E Nesheim, W L Nichols, T L Cole, J G Houston, R B Schenk, K G Mann, E J Bowie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

A coagulation Factor V inhibitor developed in a man 75 yr of age in association with an anaplastic malignancy and drug treatment (including the aminoglycoside antibiotic, gentamicin). The patient did not bleed abnormally, despite both surgical challenge and plasma Factor V activity of less than 1%. The inhibited plasma had grossly prolonged prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times, but a normal thrombin time. Mixing studies indicated progressive coagulation inhibition with normal plasma, but not with Factor V-deficient plasma, and reversal of coagulation inhibition by the addition of bovine Factor V to the patient's plasma. 1 ml of patient plasma inhibited the Factor V activity of 90 ml of normal human plasma. The inhibitor was isolated by sequential affinity chromatography on protein A-Sepharose and Factor V-Sepharose. The IgG isolate markedly inhibits the activity of prothrombinase assembled from purified Factors Xa and Va, calcium ion, and phospholipid vesicles, and partially inhibits prothrombinase assembled from purified Factor Xa, calcium ion, and normal platelets. The Factor V of platelets, however, appears relatively inaccessible to the antibody, inasmuch as platelets isolated from whole blood supplemented for 8 h with the antibody functioned normally with respect to platelet Factor V-mediated prothrombinase function. The absence of obvious hemorrhagic difficulties in the patient, the total inhibition of plasma Factor V by the inhibitor, and the apparent inaccessibility of platelet Factor V to the inhibitor specifically implicate platelet Factor V in the maintenance of hemostasis.
Points: Salicylate intoxication in the elderly due to benorylate
Authors: C Cohen
Journal: BMJ (1984)

and Dr R Wise (21 April, p 1179) emphasised the toll exacted by pneumococcal infections but did not make it clear that pneu- mococcal bacteraemia generally occurs in people with pre-existing disease.In a study of 103 cases of pneumococcal bacteraemia at East Birmingham Hospital pre-existing disease was found in 820' of the 79 patients aged over 20 and in 38 of the 41 aged between 40 and 70.1 Most of the underlying diseases involved the respiratory system, major metabolic processes, or the immune system.In the latter group the most common disorder was hyposplenism.
Prognostic Influence of Increased Fibrinogen and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Unstable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: H. Toss, B. Lindahl, A. Siegbahn, L. Wallentin, for the FRISC Study Group
Journal: Circulation (1997)

The prognostic influences of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein levels and their relations to myocardial damage in unstable coronary artery syndromes have not been well described.Fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were determined at inclusion and related to outcome after 5 months in 965 patients with unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction randomized to 5 weeks with low-molecular-weight heparin or placebo. The probabilities of death were 1.6%, 4.6%, and 6.9% (P=.005) and the probabilities of death and/or myocardial infarction were 9.3%, 14.2%, and 19.1% (P=.002), respectively, in patients stratified by tertiles of fibrinogen (< 3.38, 3.38 to 3.99, and > or = 4.0 g/L). The probabilities of death were 2.2%, 3.6%, and 7.5% (P=.003) after stratification of patient data by tertiles of C-reactive protein level (< 2, 2 to 10, and > 10 mg/L). In logistic multiple regression analysis, increased fibrinogen levels were independently associated with the incidence of death and/or myocardial infarction (P=.013), and elevated C-reactive protein level was associated with the incidence of death (P=.012). The increased relative risk of subsequent death or myocardial infarction in individuals with an elevated fibrinogen level was consistent in most subgroups evaluated; although significantly so only in patients with signs of myocardial damage.Increased levels of both fibrinogen and C-reactive protein are associated with a worse outcome in patients with unstable coronary artery disease. The increased risk associated with elevated fibrinogen levels is independent of, and additive to, the prognostic influence of myocardial damage.
Palestine: the assault on health and other war crimes: Summerfield's outrage is misplaced
Authors: Irwin J Mansdorf
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Summerfield's jump from psychiatrist to attorney, judge, and jury is a classic example of the inappropriate use of science and medicine to promote specific political views.1 Any reasonable and objective observer of the longstanding conflict between Arabs and Jews understands that the situation is not as prejudicially simple as …
Apelin Stimulates Glucose Utilization in Normal and Obese Insulin-Resistant Mice
Authors: Cédric Dray, Claude Knauf, Danièle Daviaud, Aurélie Waget, Jérémie Boucher, Marie Buléon, Patrice D. Cani, Camille Attané, Charlotte Guigné, Christian Carpéné, Rémy Burcelin, Isabelle Castan-Laurell, Philippe Valet
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2008)
Screening Rastafarian children for nutritional rickets.
Authors: J A James, C Clark, P S Ward
Journal: BMJ (1985)

We examined 42 Rastafarian children under 5 years of age who were registered with a single inner city general practice to determine the prevalence of nutritional rickets. Twenty children were receiving a strict vegan(I-tal) diet and were considered to be at high risk of developing rickets and were referred for biochemical and radiological investigation. Seven of 20 children investigated had rickets, giving an overall prevalence of 7/42. Treatment with oral cholecalciferol was successful in all seven children. Fourteen out of 18 children had evidence of iron deficiency, with low haemoglobin concentrations and hypochromic-microcytic blood films. Before this study Rastafarian children rarely attended the well baby clinic, received no vitamin supplements, and few had been immunised. They now regularly attend the clinic, receive vitamin and iron supplements, and all have completed primary immunisation.