tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Emerging Ethical Issues in Palliative Care
Authors: Edmund D. Pellegrino
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hemodynamic-inotropic response to beta-blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity in patients with congestive cardiomyopathy.
Authors: P F Binkley, R F Lewe, J J Lima, A Al-Awwa, D V Unverferth, C V Leier
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The rest and exercise hemodynamic-inotropic response to administration of the beta-blocker pindolol was evaluated in 10 patients with congestive cardiomyopathy to determine whether the intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) of this agent may preserve ventricular function in the setting of beta-blockade. A significant (p less than .05) rise in systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance and a decline in stroke volume and cardiac index was observed after a single 10 mg dose. The change in cardiac index was negatively correlated with free drug concentration (r = -.59, p less than .01); the change in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance showed a positive correlation with plasma concentration (r = .67, r = .57, respectively; all p less than .05). The response to exercise reflected a predominant beta-blocking effect, with a significant decrease in peak heart rate and cardiac index and an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. There were no significant changes in variables of right or left ventricular inotropy after administration of the drug. The mean baseline plasma norepinephrine concentration for the population was 609 +/- 172 pg/ml (normal = 196 +/- 7 pg/ml) and was markedly elevated in two patients (931 and 2053 pg/ml) who developed severe pindolol-induced hypotension. Renin increased markedly in these two patients, but decreased in each of the remaining eight patients. These data indicate that although inotropy is not adversely affected by pindolol, increased afterload, which appears to be mediated by peripheral beta-blockade, results in a reduction in ventricular performance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Distribution and concentration of cholesteryl ester transfer protein in plasma of normolipemic subjects.
Authors: Y L Marcel, R McPherson, M Hogue, H Czarnecka, Z Zawadzki, P K Weech, M E Whitlock, A R Tall, R W Milne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

A MAb (TP-2) directed against human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) has been applied to the development of a competitive solid-phase RIA. Experiments with immobilized CETP have shown that upon incubation with plasma or HDL in the presence of Tween (0.05%) apo A-I (but not apo A-II) binds to CETP while TP-2 binding to CETP is concomitantly decreased. With high detergent concentration (0.5% Triton), the interference is eliminated and a specific RIA in which all plasma CETP fractions have the same affinity can be obtained. Plasma levels of CETP, apo A-I, lipids, and lipoproteins were measured in 50 normolipemic, healthy subjects of both sexes. CETP levels varied nearly fourfold with a mean value of 1.7 micrograms/ml. CETP was positively correlated only with apo A-I (r = 0.38) and HDL-triglyceride (r = 0.39). In 29 other normolipemic subjects, where several apolipoproteins were also measured, significant correlations of CETP with apo A-I (0.41), apo E (0.43), and HDL-cholesterol (0.41) were observed, but there was no significant relationship between CETP and either apo A-II, B, or D. In other experiments CETP was shown to be present mostly in HDL3 and VHDL, to display exclusively an alpha 2-electrophoretic migration, and to occur within discrete particles ranging in size from 129 to 154 kD. In conclusion, the association of CETP with apo A-I-containing lipoproteins probably explains the correlation between CETP and apo A-I levels. The relationship between CETP and apo E suggests either a common metabolism or a specific cooperative role in cholesterol ester transport for these proteins.
Eosinophilic folliculitis: a self-limiting illness in patients being treated for haematological malignancy
Authors: R. H. BULL, C. A. HARLAND, M. E. FALLOWFIELD, P. S. MORTIMER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Eosinophilic folliculitis is a recognized skin manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Five cases of eosinophilic folliculitis occurring in HIV‐negative patients treated for haematological malignancy are reported. In four cases this self‐limiting, pruritic eruption, affecting the head and upper trunk, occurred 3 months after bone marrow transplantation, and the fifth case was a patient undergoing chemotherapy for Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. This suggests that eosinophilic folliculitis is a consequence of disturbances of immune function, and is not specific for HIV infection.
A Ban on the Promotion of Tobacco Products
Authors: Kenneth E. Warner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

ON February 18, 1987, U.S. Representative Michael Synar (D-Okla.) announced that he was reintroducing federal legislation to ban all forms of advertising and promotion of tobacco. The legislation has the backing of the nation's major voluntary and professional health organizations, but it faces formidable opposition from the advertising industry, the media, the American Civil Liberties Union, and of course the tobacco industry.As Davis demonstrates in the current issue of the Journal,1 cigarette marketing is a multifaceted $2-billion-plus enterprise, which exceeds the marketing effort devoted to any other consumer product. Ironically, the object of the nation's most expensive marketing . . .
Gaps and Limitations of Psychological Interventions for Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Jan Scott, Francesc Colom
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt; To highlight gaps or limitations in applying evidence-based psychological therapies as an adjunct to medication in the management of bipolar disorders. &lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;/i&gt; General and specific gaps in knowledge or perceived limitations were determined by the authors and published examples were identified illustrating these potential barriers to the use or application of adjunctive therapies. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Research on the benefits of psychological therapies in bipolar disorders has progressed dramatically in the last decade. There are some uncertainties that need to be further investigated. These can be broadly classified as: for whom should therapy be provided, what therapy and when should therapy be commenced. The latter can be seen from the perspective of both current mental state as well as length of history and number of recurrences. Other issues frequently highlighted by researchers in the field relate to mediators and moderators of therapy effects. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; Gaps in our knowledge about therapy for bipolar disorder mirror those that exist whenever new treatments, including medications, are introduced into routine clinical practice. Many of these key questions relate to differences between efficacy and effectiveness of adjunctive therapies, the long-term durability of any benefits and mechanisms by which therapies achieve their effects. These can be explored using currently existing scientific paradigms.
Onycholysis in Thyroid Disease
Authors: Joel I. Hamburger
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  Nixon and Samols article, Acral Changes Associated with Thyroid Disease ( 212 :1175, 1970) neglects to mention an important and common acral sign of thyroid dysfunction ( most commonly seen in hyperthyroidism, but also occasionally seen in hypothyroidism). This is onycholysis, or separation of the distal nail from the nail bed. The figure demonstrates this finding clearly in the fourth and fifth digits of both hands.
WHO unveils plan to stop artemisinin resistance "dead in its tracks"
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The world risks losing its most effective treatment for Plasmodium falciparum malaria unless prompt steps are taken to prevent the development and spread of drug resistant parasites, says a global action plan released by the World Health Organization and the Roll Back Malaria partnership.

The blueprint has been spurred by the emergence of resistance to artemisinins—the key ingredient of artemisinin based combination therapies (ACTs)—on the Cambodia-Thailand border, and other suspected areas in the greater Mekong sub region, which have not yet been confirmed.

Margaret Chan, WHO director general, said, “The usefulness of our most potent weapon in treating malaria is now under threat.

“The new …
Headaches Over Headaches
Authors: G. Scott Tyler
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I find Dr. Robert Jaffee's EDITORIAL (224:897, 1973) to be very thought-provoking on the eve of the opening of our "complaint centered" group. Speaking as one who has emphasized the diagnosis and treatment of headache for years in my individual practice, I agree with him fully that good clinical judgment on the part of a physician who is willing to take the time and effort to get to know, to paraphrase Dr. Jaffee, the whole patient and who has at least a moderate amount of knowledge of headache, and confidence in himself in this regard, would be in a better position to treat these patients than one in a specific clinic. I also agree that "the physical and emotional needs of the public are not being met by the present system of medical care" in this area. Proper precautions can be taken so that all aspects of
Impact of minimal residual disease kinetics during imatinib-based treatment on transplantation outcome in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: S Lee, D-W Kim, B-S Cho, J-H Yoon, S-H Shin, S-A Yahng, S-E Lee, K-S Eom, Y-J Kim, N-G Chung, H-J Kim, C-K Min, J-W Lee, W-S Min, C-W Park
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Housing and health: health and homelessness.
Authors: S Lowry
Journal: BMJ (1990)

two days in hospital was $3500.Not bad, commented someone else, considering that hospitals now charge $5000 for a routine delivery.Moreover, the obste- trician's fee is extra, and quite high indeed, because it has to include a $40 000 a year malpractice premium.It goes to show that the problems are complex and the solutions hard to come by.So ended this particular symposium.The one described by Plato, however, was not about sickness but about love.Socrates'was there, as were Aristoph-anes and Alcibiades, and they drank well into the night, achieving some degree of "divine madness," for it was before the automobile and the breathalyser.But later in the night, on the car radio, there was tenor John McCormak singing from the Rubaiyat:Myself when young did eagerly frequent Doctor and saint, and heart great argument About it and about: but evermore Came out by the same door as in I went.
Gene Silencing in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancer Cells from the Tissue-Specific <b> <i>Prostate-Specific Antigen</i> </b> Promoter
Authors: Jun Song, Shen Pang, Yingchun Lu, Kazunari K. Yokoyama, Jun-Ying Zheng, Robert Chiu
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The success of gene therapy using a RNA interference approach relies on small interfering RNA (siRNA) expression from a highly tissue-specific RNA polymerase II promoter rather than from ubiquitous RNA polymerase III. Accordingly, we have developed a prostate-specific vector that expresses siRNAs from the human prostate-specific antigen promoter, a RNA polymerase II promoter. Our data demonstrate androgen-dependent and tissue-specific siRNA-mediated gene silencing in the androgen-responsive prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP. The biological significance was evidenced by altered apoptotic activity through the inhibition of the apoptosis-related regulatory gene. These results demonstrate that siRNA-mediated gene silencing from a tissue-specific RNA polymerase II promoter could be a potential tool for tissue-specific gene therapy.
Should Medical Associations Discourage Smoking?
Authors: Sheldon B. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The pages of medical publications increasingly present problems and complications resulting from smoking, and we deplore the practice. Why then are organizations not ordinarily known for their passivity prone to do nothing about an acknowledged major health hazard? Smoking has taken on attributes of weather and sin, much talked about like the former, denounced and indulged in as the latter, but largely unchanged. Except for tobacco-industry apologists, the overwhelming majority of health professionals view smoking as hazardous and undesirable. The resistance to eliminate smoking has many complex elements, including the livelihood of thousands of people dependent on the tobacco industry and the political power of their representatives. From a psychodynamic standpoint, the practice is so much a part of everyday life and the source of immediate pleasure that we view it as part of us, not ego-alien but ego-syntonic. Furthermore, those who make up organized medicine, especially the leadership, are
Neuroimaging Findings in a Case of Holmes Tremor
Authors: Eric Guedj, T Witjas, J P. Azulay, C de Laforte, J C. Peragut, O Mundler
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Holmes tremor, previously labeled "rubral tremor" or "midbrain tremor," is a rare tremor of low frequency (mostly below 4.5 Hz) that appears at rest, becomes more severe on sustained posture, and increases with goal-directed movements. A variable delay is classically observed between lesion onset and occurrence of tremor (usually 4 weeks to 2 years). Impairment of the dopaminergic system is essential to the pathophysiology, the diagnosis, and the therapeutic approach of this tremor. We report the case of a 29-year-old patient with a typical posttraumatic Holmes tremor. I-123 FP CIT SPECT demonstrates complete unilateral dopaminergic denervation.
UN urges more progress to meet MDG targets on maternal and child health
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2011)

An international conference to review millennium development goal (MDG) commitments to maternal and child health has heard that despite substantial progress few developing countries are on track to meet their 2015 targets.

Launched by Ban Ki-moon during last year’s MDG summit, the Every Woman Every Child campaign aims to save the lives of 16 million women and children by 2015 in a global effort “to address the major health challenges facing women and children around the world.”

The effort puts into action the Global Strategy for Women’s and Children’s Health, a roadmap on how to enhance financing, strengthen policy, and improve service on the ground for the most vulnerable women and children.

The strategy’s key outcomes should include …
Learning in boxes
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Along with some colleagues from the more creative fringes of our discipline, I will shortly be running a conference on narrative in health care. My vision is that doctors, nurses, anthropologists, psychotherapists, literary critics, historians, linguists, and service users will spend two days sharing experiences of illness and healing through the simple, time honoured, and universal technique of storytelling.

I expect that the stories they tell and hear in formal, timetabled presentations may prove …
Thyroid Hyperplasia after Prolonged Excessive Dosage with Thiouracil
Authors: J. B. Donald, D. M. Dunlop
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Rabbits injected intravenously with 20 ml. of a solution containing 60,000 units of sodium penicillin did not show any immediate or delayed reactions.Intracutaneous injections into the abdominal wall of rabbits and guinea-pigs did not cause any local inflamma.oryreactions, and the cutaneous swelling arising from the injection rapidly disappeared.Morgan et al. (1944) when administering penicillin intravenously by the continuous-drip method noticed the develop- ment of.thromnbosis or thrombophlebitis in a large proportion of their cases.In view of these experiences intravenous application was not tried; the intramuscular route was employed exclusively.Usually 4 to 6 ml. of the penicillin solution (about 12,000 to 18,000 units) was injected every three hours; The continuous-intramuscular-drip method was also used in suitable cases, giving 80,000 to 100,000 units in 24 hours.Up to the present more than 40 pat'ents suffering from various diseases due to penicillin-sensitive organisms were successfully treated in this way.Details of the clinical results will b,e published later.The injections of penicillin did not cause any immediate or delayed painful sensations, and no irritative or inflammatory reactions were observed.Penicillin was also repeatedly injected intrathecally in two cases of pneumococcal meningit s and one case of streptococcal meningitis.The injections were therapeutically effective, Were well tolerated, and did not cause any untoward symptoms.
Comparative accuracy of two-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler pressure half-time methods in assessing severity of mitral stenosis in patients with and without prior commissurotomy.
Authors: M D Smith, R Handshoe, S Handshoe, O L Kwan, A N DeMaria
Journal: Circulation (1986)

This study was undertaken to compare the accuracies of the two-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) and Doppler pressure half-time methods for the noninvasive estimation of cardiac catheterization measurements of mitral valve area in patients with pure mitral stenosis both with and without a previous commissurotomy. Data were retrospectively obtained from 74 consecutive patients who underwent cardiac catheterization within a 30 month period for evaluation of mitral stenosis, and who had two-dimensional echocardiograms performed before catheterization. Six patients (8.1%) had technically inadequate 2DE images and their data were excluded from analysis. Two of these patients had undergone commissurotomy, while the remaining four had not. Continuous-wave Doppler echocardiographic examinations were attempted in 45 patients and adequate measurements of pressure half-times were obtained in all patients studied. Mitral valve area by two-dimensional echocardiography was measured as the planimetered area along the inner border of the smallest mitral orifice visualized during short-axis scanning, while pressure half-time was calculated as the interval between the peak transmitral velocity and velocity/square root 2 as measured from the envelope of the Doppler spectral signal. Calculations from catheterization represented the minimal valve area at rest as derived from the Gorlin formula with the use of pressure gradients and thermodilution measurements of cardiac output. Thirty-seven of the patients had had a previous mitral commissurotomy a mean of 11.2 +/- 5.4 years before, while the remaining 37 patients were previously unoperated. Mean valve area as determined at catheterization for the total group of patients ranged from 0.37 to 2.30 cm2 (mean = 1.08 +/- 0.42 cm2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
High Court rules that delays breach the rights of detained psychiatric patients
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The High Court ruled last week that failure to offer speedy reviews of the detention of mentally ill patients breached human rights legislation.

In a test case seven psychiatric patients who were detained against their will under the Mental Health Act claimed that after they had applied to mental health review tribunals for review of their detentions they had been subject to delays of up to 27 weeks and repeated cancellations of hearings.

Mr Justice Stanley Burnton, who made the ruling, summed up the problem: “The basic complaint of the claimants concerns the delay …
Hyperglycemia and Rise in Creatinine
Authors: BARBARA MCDOUGAL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Correction1 January 1976Hyperglycemia and Rise in CreatinineBARBARA MCDOUGAL, M.D.BARBARA MCDOUGAL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-1-100_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the "letter" by Matas and colleagues (1), the investigators did not mention a third possible, and perhaps more important, reason for the elevation in serum creatinine observed as blood glucose increased in diabetic posttransplant patients: relative volume depletion secondary to osmotic diuresis....Reference1. MATASSIMMONSGOETZ ARF: Increased serum creatinine resulting from hyperglycemia, mimicking transplant rejection. Ann Intern Med 83:519-520, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar1. LOEB J: The hyperosmolar state. N Engl J Med 290:1184-1187, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1976Volume 84, Issue 1Page: 100-101KeywordsBlood volumeCreatinineGlucoseHyperglycemia Issue Published: 1 January 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Simple Method for Classifying Genes and a Bootstrap Test for Classifications
Authors: Kazuharu Misawa, Fumio Tajima
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2000)

A new simple method for classifying genes is proposed based on Klastorin's method. This method classifies genes into monophyletic groups which are made distinct from each other by evolutionary changes. The method is applicable as long as the phylogenetic tree of genes is obtained. There is a fast algorithm for obtaining the classification. A bootstrap test of a classification is also presented. As an example, we classified opsin genes. The classification obtained by this method is the same as the previous classification based on the function of opsins.
ESCAPE FROM ISOANTISERUM INHIBITION OF LYMPHOCYTE-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY
Authors: R. B. Faanes, Y. S. Choi, R. A. Good
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Isoantiserum (IS) inhibition of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (LMC) was studied using an in vitro 51Cr release assay system. In the early phase of incubation, LMC was competitively inhibited by IS. However, as the incubation continued, LMC irreversibly overcame IS inhibition (the "escape" phenomenon). Addition of fresh antiserum did not alter the course of the escape. Low-temperature incubation of isoantibody-coated target cells delayed the onset of the escape. We have excluded the possibility that the escape phenomenon is induced by complement or by LMC mediated by antigen-antibody complex. It is hypothesized that antibody directed toward an actively metabolizing target cell induces an alteration in the cell membrane that alters further interaction with the antibody. However, sensitivity to lymphocyte cytotoxicity is maintained.