tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterial arthritis of large joints: Table 1
Authors: C-C Shu, J-Y Wang, C-J Yu, L-N Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Mycobacterium is an uncommon pathogen causing acutely painful joints in adults.1 Typically, the clinical findings are vague, resulting in treatment delay and joint dysfunction.2 We describe 40 patients with mycobacterial arthritis of the large joints from a medical centre in northern Taiwan from 2000 to 2006. Among them, 31 cases were caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and 9 by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including 5 by Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) and 1 each by Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium chelonae .

Clinical characteristics are summarised in table 1. Although statistically insignificant, patients with MTB large-joint arthritis tend to be older than those …
Controlling hypertension in Turkey: not a hopeless dream
Authors: Sule Sengul, Yunus Erdem, Tekin Akpolat, Ulver Derici, Sukru Sindel, Oktay Karatan, Cetin Turgan, Enver Hasanoglu, Sali Caglar, Sehsuvar Erturk
Journal: Kidney International Supplements (2013)
Telephone Counseling May Sustain Safer Sex Practices in Teenaged Girls
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Premarital Law
Authors: Sylvester W. Trythall
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Thirty-seven states have requirements for premarital physical examinations as well as blood tests for both persons. A survey in Michigan of 2,500 private women patients (1955-1960) revealed that only 35% of 2,000 married women had received complete premarital examination as prescribed by state law; 90% stated that they favored the law and its observance. Investigation of Detroit commercial laboratories, selected at random, disclosed the issuance of "bootleg" marriage certificates in violation of the law. Alarming social problems, such as country-wide increases in incidence of venereal disease and divorce, indicate the importance of maintaining or improving the legislation. Physicians are urged to make maximum use of legal opportunities to give complete medical service to premarital couples.
Stressful Underwater Demolition Training
Authors: Richard H. Rahe
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Individuals with ultimately middle to low normal-range levels of serum uric acid and cholesterol demonstrated highly significant rises in these serum fractions during specific stages of a four-month underwater demolition training period. Serum urate concentration was elevated during periods of apparent anticipation of a demanding situation while cholesterol levels rose concomitant with a period of particular psychological stress. Serum urate concentration demonstrated a significant fall during a period of quite intense psychological stress.
Complement Localization and Mediation of Ischemic Injury in Baboon Myocardium
Authors: R. Neal Pinckard, Robert A. O'Rourke, Michael H. Crawford, Frederick S. Grover, Linda M. McManus, John J. Ghidoni, S. Brandley Storrs, Merle S. Olson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

We sought to determine whether the third component of complement (C3) is localized in ischemic baboon myocardium after coronary artery ligation. Furthermore, we assessed the effects of prior C3 depletion on myocardial necrosis. We studied seven control baboons (group I) and seven C3-depleted (group II) baboons that were killed 24 h after ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery. Multiple tissue samples were obtained from infarct, intermediate, and normal myocardial sites as defined by serial unipolar epicardial ECG mapping. In group I baboons, myocardial creatine kinase content from infarct sites was reduced as compared with normal sites (12.6±0.92 [SE] vs. 24.4±0.75 IU/mg protein, P < 0.001). The intermediate sites from group I contained more creatine kinase (19.0±1.25 IU/mg protein) than infarct sites (P < 0.001), but less (P < 0.025) than normal sites. In group II, intermediate sites showed no significant reduction in creatine kinase from normal sites and there was significantly less creatine kinase depletion in infarct sites when compared with group I animals (33.7±4.6 and 51.4±1.8% depletion, respectively, P < 0.001). In all seven group I baboons, uniform C3 localization was observed in infarct sites by direct immunofluorescence but appeared in mosaic patterns in intermediate sites. C3 was not demonstrated in any normal sites, nor in any site from group II baboons. Additional studies on baboons killed at earlier times after ligation indicated that C3 was localized focally on swollen myocytes in infarct sites as early as 4 h after coronary ligation. These results strongly implicate the active participation of the complement system of inflammatory proteins in the pathogenesis of myocardial tissue injury following coronary occlusion.
Intramuscular administration of estrogen may promote angiogenesis and perfusion in a rabbit model of chronic limb ischemia
Authors: Z Kyriakides
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Promoting angiogenesis may be an effective treatment for patients with diffuse peripheral vascular disease. This study investigated whether estrogen can promote angiogenesis and perfusion in a rabbit model of chronic limb ischemia.Ischemia was induced in one hindlimb of 24 oophorectomized New Zealand White rabbits. Ten days later (day 0), they were randomized into 4 groups for intramuscular treatment in the ischemic limb: controls receiving saline at day 0; Estrogen-1 group receiving estradiol valerate, modified release (EVMR), 1 mg/kg at day 0; Estrogen-2 group receiving EVMR 1 mg/kg at days 0 and 15; and Estrogen-3 group receiving EVMR 2 mg/kg at day 0. Revascularization was evaluated by clinical indexes, such as ischemic/normal limb systolic blood pressure (BPR), and capillary density/muscle fiber in the abductor muscle of the ischemic limb at the time of death (day 30). At day 30 the BPR was increased in all groups (0.39+/-0.08 in the controls, 0.52+/-0.11 in the Estrogen-1 group, 0.65+/-0.13 in the Estrogen-2 group and 0.61+/-0.16 in the Estrogen-3 group, F=2.39, P=0.04). The capillary/muscle fiber at day 30 was 0.87+/-0.09, 1.08+/-0.15, 1.01+/-0.14 and 1.10+/-0.9 (F=5.01, P=0.01), respectively, in the 4 groups. The capillary/muscle fiber was related to BPR (r=0.48, P<0.02) and to 17-beta estradiol plasma levels of day 15 (r=0.58, P=0.003) and of day 30 (r=0.46, P<0.02).Administration of estrogen promotes angiogenesis and perfusion in ischemic rabbit hindlimbs. Thus, estrogen may represent a new therapeutic modality in the management of arterial insufficiency.
Enterococcus faecalis Pneumonia Complicating Topical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
Authors: Marc J.M. Bonten, Frank H. van Tiel, Siebe van der Geest, Ellen E. Stobberingh, Carlo A. Gaillard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: Selective decontamination of the digestive tract is widely used to prevent nosocomial pneumonia in patients receiving mechanical ventilation, although its benefits are unproved1. Objections to this procedure concern the possible selection of microorganisms resistant to the antibiotics used, rather than adverse effects2. We report eight cases of pneumonia or bacteremia caused by Enterococcus faecalis, as a possible side effect of the prophylactic use of nonabsorbable antimicrobial agents. Sixty-one patients who were receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit were given topical antimicrobial prophylaxis for the oropharynx and stomach. Tobramycin (40 mg in a 5-ml . . .
Caloric Restriction Per Se Is a Significant Factor in Improvements in Glycemic Control and Insulin Sensitivity During Weight Loss in Obese NIDDM Patients
Authors: Rena R Wing, Elaine H Blair, Patricia Bononi, Marsha D Marcus, Richard Watanabe, Richard N Bergman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of caloric restriction, independent of differences in weight loss, on improvements in glycemic control, fasting insulin, and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We randomized 93 obese type II diabetic patients to two different degrees of calorie restriction (1,674 or 4,185 kJ/day; 400 or 1,000 kcal/day) and compared the changes in fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and insulin sensitivity that resulted from a comparable reduction in body weight (11% of initial body weight). Insulin sensitivity was assessed using the minimal model analysis of frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests. RESULTS Despite equal weight losses, subjects in the 1,674 kJ/day (400 kcal) condition had lower fasting glucose levels (7.61 vs. 10.13 mM, P = 0.03) and greater insulin sensitivity (1.79 vs. 1.13, P = 0.04) after weight loss than did subjects in the 4,185 kJ/day (1,000 calorie) condition. Subjects were restudied 15 weeks later when both groups were consuming a 4,185 kJ/day (1,000 kcal/day) diet. Subjects who increased from 1,674 to 4,185 kJ (400 to 1,000 calories) had worse fasting glycemic control in spite of continued weight loss, whereas subjects who remained on 4,185 kJ (1,000 calories) throughout had further improvements in both blood glucose and insulin sensitivity with increased weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Both degree of calorie restriction and magnitude of weight loss have independent effects on improvements in glycemic control and insulin sensitivity.
Induction of labour with buccal prostaglandin E2.
Authors: J Scher, P Dryden, D A Davey
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Most human cases have been reported from North America, Scandinavia, Russia, Japan, and the continent of Europe.In Eastern France and Germany there is a zone where human infections have been recognised3 but cases have not been reported before from the French Pyrenees, though infected rodents and hares have been found near Bordeaux.4Our patient's illness thus extends the known geo- graphical distribution of tularaemia, and we report the case as an example of the importation of the disease to Britain.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the hand in mixed connective tissue disease
Authors: M A Cimmino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic disease identified by Sharp and coworkers in 1972,1 which shows some of the clinical and pathological features of other connective tissue diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SS), and polymyositis. Although it is characterised by high concentrations of anti-U1RNP antibodies, the very definition of MCTD as a distinct entity is still under debate despite the number of immunogenetic, immunological, and clinical studies that have been carried out.2,3

Imaging of the joints in MCTD is based on traditional radiology. Features characteristic of SS (soft tissue atrophy, calcifications, tuftal resorption, distal interphalangeal joint erosions), of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (juxta-articular osteoporosis, joint space narrowing, marginal erosions), and of SLE (joint deformities without erosions, osteonecrosis) have been described.4 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is better than conventional radiology in many instances because of its multiplanar capacity and higher sensitivity.5 We describe here the MRI appearance of …
Treatment algorithms for hepatitis B and C.
Authors: E R Schiff
Journal: Gut (1993)

While several predictors of an early and sustained response can be identified in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, no consistently demonstrable predictors of response exist for chronic hepatitis C. As such, guidelines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C are more complex than those for hepatitis B. The treatment options for chronic hepatitis B and C are outlined and there is speculation on the clinical challenges of the future.
Efficacy of Tonsillectomy for Recurrent Throat Infection in Severely Affected Children
Authors: Jack L. Paradise, Charles D. Bluestone, Ruth Z. Bachman, D. Kathleen Colborn, Beverly S. Bernard, Floyd H. Taylor, Kenneth D. Rogers, Robert H. Schwarzbach, Sylvan E. Stool, Gilbert A. Friday, Ida H. Smith, Carol A. Saez
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Efficacy of Tonsillectomy for Recurrent Throat Infection in Severely Affected Children — Results of Parallel Randomized and Nonrandomized Clinical Trials
Protection of the Ischemic Myocardium: Cardioplegia
Authors: Alan T. Marty
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In 1883, Ringer found that the frog heart was inhibited by potassium and stimulated by calcium. Little did he know that nearly a century later we would be doing similar things to more than 200,000 human hearts per year. This book, collating more than 1,300 references, defines the critical factors that determine cardioplegic actions and efficacy. It delineates many practical guidelines and identifies several areas of uncertainty. And despite the complexity of this subject, the book is written with exemplary clarity. Myocardial protection stems from two lines of thought: the concept of the reversibility of tissue injury after reperfusion, and the supposition that cellular metabolism can be manipulated to salvage cells that might otherwise have died. The myocardial cell and the surgeon, however, may exhibit conflicting requirements. Cells like blood, while surgeons don't—at least not while they sew. Surgeons like a heart that takes over circulatory work soon after the
David John Stephens
Authors: John Stephens, Henry Stephens, Catherine Stephens
Journal: BMJ (2005)

​GeneralGeneral practitioner Lechlade, Gloucestershire, 1953-89 (b 1925; q Leeds 1950; MRCGP, DObst RCOG), died from prostate cancer on 10 November 2004.




Figure 1




David took over a singlehanded practice, and was subsequently joined in the partnership by his wife, Sheila. His great love outside of medicine and his family was music. As a student in Leeds he sang with the Leeds Festival Chorus under Sir Malcolm Sargent. He conducted and sang as tenor soloist with the Philamusica of Gloucester. He was organist and choirmaster in Lechlade—remaining in the former role until his death. He produced annual concerts in Lechlade for over 20 years. On retirement he joined the Bach Choir in London. He leaves Sheila, three children, and five grandchildren.
The Epitope Integration Site for Vaccine Antigens Determines Virus Control While Maintaining Efficacy in an Engineered Cancer Vaccine
Authors: Kevin D Pavelko, Michael P Bell, Lavakumar Karyampudi, Michael J Hansen, Kathleen S Allen, Keith L Knutson, Larry R Pease
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Picornaviruses have been developed as potential therapies for gene delivery and vaccination. One drawback to their use is the potential for recombination and viral persistence. Therefore, the engineering strategies used must take into account the possibility for virus escape. We have developed Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) as a potential vaccine vector for use in immunotherapy. This study shows that insertion of a vaccine epitope at a unique site within the TMEV leader protein can dramatically increase the type I interferon (IFN) response to infection and promote rapid viral clearance. This live virus vaccine maintains its ability to drive antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses to a model antigen as well as to the weakly immunogenic tumor antigen Her2/neu. Furthermore, the epitope integration site does not affect the efficacy of this vaccine as cancer immunotherapy for treating models of melanoma and breast cancer as demonstrated by delayed tumor outgrowth and increased survival in animals implanted with these tumors. These findings show that an attenuated virus retaining limited ability to replicate nonetheless can effectively mobilize CD8+ cellular immunity and will be important for the design of picornavirus vectors used as immunotherapy in clinical settings. Picornaviruses have been developed as potential therapies for gene delivery and vaccination. One drawback to their use is the potential for recombination and viral persistence. Therefore, the engineering strategies used must take into account the possibility for virus escape. We have developed Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) as a potential vaccine vector for use in immunotherapy. This study shows that insertion of a vaccine epitope at a unique site within the TMEV leader protein can dramatically increase the type I interferon (IFN) response to infection and promote rapid viral clearance. This live virus vaccine maintains its ability to drive antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses to a model antigen as well as to the weakly immunogenic tumor antigen Her2/neu. Furthermore, the epitope integration site does not affect the efficacy of this vaccine as cancer immunotherapy for treating models of melanoma and breast cancer as demonstrated by delayed tumor outgrowth and increased survival in animals implanted with these tumors. These findings show that an attenuated virus retaining limited ability to replicate nonetheless can effectively mobilize CD8+ cellular immunity and will be important for the design of picornavirus vectors used as immunotherapy in clinical settings.
Re-evaluating cost effectiveness of universal meningitis vaccination (Bexsero) in England: modelling study
Authors: H. Christensen, C. L. Trotter, M. Hickman, W. J. Edmunds
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objective</b> To use mathematical and economic models to predict the epidemiological and economic impact of vaccination with Bexsero, designed to protect against group B meningococcal disease, to help inform vaccine policy in the United Kingdom. <b>Design</b> Modelling study. <b>Setting</b> England. <b>Population</b> People aged 0-99. <b>Interventions</b> Incremental impact of introductory vaccine strategies simulated with a transmission dynamic model of meningococcal infection and vaccination including potential herd effects. Model parameters included recent evidence on the vaccine characteristics, disease burden, costs of care, litigation costs, and loss of quality of life from disease, including impacts on family and network members. The health impact of vaccination was assessed through cases averted and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Cases averted and cost per QALY gained through vaccination; programmes were deemed cost effective against a willingness to pay of £20 000 (€25 420, $32 677) per QALY gained from an NHS and personal and social services perspective. <b>Results</b> In the short term, case reduction is greatest with routine infant immunisation (26.3% of cases averted in the first five years). This strategy could be cost effective at £3 (€3.8, $4.9) a vaccine dose, given several favourable assumptions and the use of a quality of life adjustment factor. If the vaccine can disrupt meningococcal transmission more cases are prevented in the long term with an infant and adolescent combined programme (51.8% after 30 years), which could be cost effective at £4 a vaccine dose. Assuming the vaccine reduces acquisition by 30%, adolescent vaccination alone is the most favourable strategy economically, but takes more than 20 years to substantially reduce the number of cases. <b>Conclusions</b> Routine infant vaccination is the most effective short term strategy and could be cost effective with a low vaccine price. Critically, if the vaccine reduces carriage acquisition in teenagers, the combination of infant and adolescent vaccination could result in substantial long term reductions in cases and be cost effective with competitive vaccine pricing.
Influence of Vitality upon Secretion: Reply to Mr. Spender
Authors: T. Inman
Journal: BMJ (1859)

In all the cases in the preceding table where the canal and rings were of largely increased dimensions, Rothmund's instrumzent was applied, in order to combat the anatomical changes of the parts by the aid of the side-pieces.In most of the others, Wiitzer's was made use of.CASE I, aged 88, is altogether a remarkable one.The in- strument was removed on the fourth day, in consequence of somiie little ternderness and sickness, which soon subsided.The cylinder ha(l not been smeared with the unguentum lyttne.No bandage was applied, the puncture being dressed with simple ointment, anid merely a support being used for the
Grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: D Jenkins, M R Jarmulowicz
Journal: BMJ (1989)

specialised team provides a special seating service for patients referred from a wider area.Our experience has resulted in an acute awareness of many shortfalls of standard issue wheelchairs and, together with the experience of other centres in Scotland, has enabled the Wheelchair Advisory Service, through the auspices of the Central Services Agency who are now responsible for purchasing chairs in Scotland, to address the problems thus identified with a view to improving the overall quality of care.
THE VALUE OF WASSERMANN'S REACTION
Authors: J. E. R. McDONAGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1910)

Journal Article THE VALUE OF WASSERMANN'S REACTION Get access J. E. R. McDONAGH, F.R.C.S. J. E. R. McDONAGH, F.R.C.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 22, Issue 5, 1 May 1910, Pages 150–156, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1910.tb16619.x Published: 01 May 1910
POST-CARDIOTOMY DELIRUM
Authors: P. H. BLACHY, ALBERT STARR
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

A delirium occurring in 57% of 139 patients who survived open heart surgery is described. The development, onset, and duration of the delirium is closely related to the seriousness of illness pre-operatively and the degree of stress during surgery and the post-operative period. It is less closely related to age and male sex, and blood type may play a minor role. The surprising finding that pre-operative psychiatric disturbances was related to operative mortality, but not to development of delirium is discussed.
Acute Pulmonary Edema in the Absence of Left Ventricular Failure
Authors: EDWARD A. RITTENHOUSE, K. ALVIN MERENDINO
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Two patients have been observed to develop acute repetitive pulmonary edema in the absence of left ventricular failure as evidenced by a normal or near normal left atrial pressure recorded during these periods. Continuous monitoring of the left atrial pressure was made possible by a catheter inserted during open-heart surgery. Both patients suffered brain damage, presumably secondary to cerebral air embolism, and eventually succumbed. Although the authors think that a causal relationship between cerebral damage and pulmonary edema best explains the mechanism in these two patients, this must remain conjectural. Neurogenic pulmonary edema, however, has been assumed to be secondary to elevated left atrial and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures. If a specific relation exists in these patients, the findings herein described strongly suggest that this may not be the mechanism.