tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Expression Level in Colorectal Cancer Is Regulated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor/C-Met Pathway via Akt Signaling
Authors: Hiroya Takeuchi, Joseph Kim, Akihide Fujimoto, Naoyuki Umetani, Takuji Mori, Anton Bilchik, Rod Turner, Andy Tran, Christine Kuo, Dave S.B. Hoon
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: The inhibitor of the apoptosis protein (IAP) family members, such as the X-linked IAP (XIAP), survivin, and livin, are essential for cell survival and antiapoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. We hypothesized that the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activation in colorectal cancer via c-Met receptor regulates IAP proteins through Akt signaling. Experimental Design: The level of IAPs and C-Met mRNA expression was assessed using a quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) assay on colorectal normal mucosa (n = 13), adenomas (n = 6), and colorectal cancer tumors (n = 50). The role of HGF/C-Met pathway through Akt and XIAP was investigated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and quantitative RT-PCR analysis of colorectal cancer lines. Results: Of the IAPs, only XIAP showed significant correlation to tumor development and progression. XIAP mRNA level in primary colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in colorectal normal mucosa (P = 0.01); liver metastases was significantly higher than primary colorectal cancer tumors (P = 0.04); and primary colorectal cancer N1/N2 cases were significantly higher than N0 cases (P = 0.008). HGF stimulation of colorectal cancer lines enhanced XIAP mRNA expression but not other IAPs. Activation of XIAP expression by HGF was inhibited by siRNA targeting Akt1 and Akt2. Conclusions: Activation of C-MET enhances XIAP through the Akt pathway. XIAP up-regulation was shown to be correlated to colorectal cancer tumor progression. The Akt-XIAP pathway may be a potential molecular target for regulating colorectal cancer progression.
A case of a peculiarly shaped gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: K. Suzuki, H. Takahashi, Y. Abe, M. Inamori, S. Watanabe, T. Koide, C. Tokoro, H. Iida, K. Hosono, H. Endo, T. Shimamura, N. Kobayashi, H. Kirikoshi, K. Kubota, S. Saito, H. Ono, H. Akiyama, T. Yazawa, A. Nakajima
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 67-year-old man presented at our hospital after having been diagnosed with severe anemia at a regular check-up. He had a history of tarry stool lasting for 1 month. Physical examination revealed abdominal distension with a firm palpable mass in the upper abdomen. Initial laboratory data showed severe anemia that needed emergency admission. An enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a 12 × 10 cm, irregularly enhancing mass with central necrosis extending from the stomach lumen to the external surface of the upper gastric wall ([Fig. 1]).
Juan Luis Londono
Authors: J. P. Uribe
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Colombian health minister whose reforms helped reduce inequities in healthcare provision

Juan Luis Londono, who died last month after the plane that was carrying him crashed in the Andes mountains, led the creation of a new social protection network in a needy country. During his brief career as Colombia's minister of health and labour, his objectives included the introduction of pension and labour reforms aimed at addressing unemployment, and the consolidation of the health system.

Londono, who had a PhD in economics from Harvard University, had a clear vision for social policy: he strove to improve the quality of life of mothers and children, elderly and unemployed people, and the rural and urban poor. He always put citizens, especially the most vulnerable, first and valued policies based on the evidence of their effectiveness in addressing needs. In addition, he brought intense energy and pragmatic management to his work. But most striking was his incredible capacity to innovate and propose new ways of solving old problems.


The best example of this was the 1993 reform of Colombia's health system. Dr Londono, who was then minister of health and deputy chief of the National Planning Department, drastically changed the usual way of doing business in a Latin American health sector. He introduced a managed competition model, which rearranged incentives for insurers, providers, and patients to secure performance-based accountability, encouraged health promotion and disease prevention, and promoted choice, quality, and competition. Meanwhile, it strengthened the government's stewardship function. 



AP PHOTO/HO-CNE


This was a pioneering reform that brought together Colombia's fragmented health sector (including social security institutes, public hospitals, and a growing private sector), until then characterised by huge inequities and frustrating inefficiencies.

To lead this reform, Londono faced strong resistance and criticism, nationally and abroad. He acknowledged and addressed his errors, while defending achievements and changes as necessary. Almost 10 years later, improved health outputs and outcomes in Colombia, especially for the poorest citizens, gave him renewed energy to carry on: health subsidies were better targeted, inequities had been reduced, insurance coverage significantly expanded, and access to health services improved. None the less, he—as well as his critics—knew there was much more still to be done.

Recognised as one who could enlighten debates with his strong and clear opinions and inspire thoughts with his “crazy ideas,” he was frequently described as the friendly face of the government.

He leaves a wife, Maria Zulema Velez, and three children.

Juan Luis Londono, Colombian minister of health and labour (b Bogota 1958), died in an air crash on 6 February 2003.
Transplantation and Renal Oxalates
Authors: Roy Cohn
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the report entitled "Failure of Renal Transplantation in Primary Oxalosis," (<b>209</b>: 551, 1969), I overlooked that there is a statement which says, "We believe that transplants should not be performed in primary oxalosis." I do not think that this particular case proves this point. At autopsy, there was listed moderate stenosis of the right renal vein at the site of the anastomosis. I do not believe that we can conclude that the loss of the kidney was solely due to the deposit of oxalate crystals within the substance of the kidney alone. It is certainly possible that Dr. Solomons' work on calcium carbimide might save transplants in this condition.
Inducible Packaging Cells for Large-scale Production of Lentiviral Vectors in Serum-free Suspension Culture
Authors: Sophie Broussau, Nadine Jabbour, Guillaume Lachapelle, Yves Durocher, Rosanne Tom, Julia Transfiguracion, Rénald Gilbert, Bernard Massie
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

We have developed new packaging cell lines (293SF-PacLV) that can produce lentiviral vectors (LVs) in serum-free suspension cultures. A cell line derived from 293SF cells, expressing the repressor (CymR) of the cumate switch and the reverse transactivator (rtTA2(S)-M2) of the tetracycline (Tet) switch, was established first. We next generated clones stably expressing the Gag/Pol and Rev genes of human immunodeficiency virus-1, and the glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G). Expression of Rev and VSV-G was tightly regulated by the cumate and Tet switches. Our best packaging cells produced up to 2.6 x 10(7) transducing units (TU)/ml after transfection with the transfer vector. Up to 3.4 x 10(7) TU/ml were obtained using stable producers generated by transducing the packaging cells with conditional-SIN-LV. The 293SF-PacLV was stable, as shown by the fact that some producers maintained high-level LV production for 18 weeks without selective pressure. The utility of the 293SF-PacLV for scaling up production in serum-free medium was demonstrated in suspension cultures and in a 3.5-L bioreactor. In shake flasks, the best packaging cells produced between 3.0 and 8.0 x 10(6) TU/ml/day for 3 days, and the best producer cells, between 1.0 and 3.4 x 10(7) TU/ml/day for 5 days. In the bioreactor, 2.8 liters containing 2.0 x 10(6) TU/ml was obtained after 3 days of batch culture following the transfection of packaging cells. In summary, the 293SF-PacLV possesses all the attributes necessary to become a valuable tool for scaling up LV production for preclinical and clinical applications.
Increased DNA levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from infants with cystic fibrosis.
Authors: K K Kirchner, J S Wagener, T Z Khan, S C Copenhaver, F J Accurso
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Airway inflammation in children younger than 5 yr of age is difficult to assess, particularly in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Furthermore, determining responses to therapies is often subjective in infants, especially those with CF. To determine whether airway DNA levels could be used as an index of airway inflammation, we measured DNA levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), using a Hoechst dye-binding assay. BALF DNA levels and neutrophils from 16 infants with CF were compared with levels obtained from seven older CF patients and nine control children who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage for evaluation of other pulmonary diseases. BALF DNA was increased in both infants (3.2 +/- 0.7 microg/ml) and older patients with CF (5.4 +/- 0.9 microg/ml) compared with the controls (0.7 +/- 0.2 microg/ml) (mean +/- SEM). BALF DNA levels were not significantly different between infants and older patients with CF. BALF neutrophil counts in CF patients were significantly higher than in controls. Furthermore, BALF DNA levels and total neutrophil counts in infants with CF correlated positively with one another. We conclude that: (1) DNA levels were easily quantifiable in BALF of young children; (2) DNA levels in BALF from CF patients were greater than in a group of children with other pulmonary diseases, and that in some infants with CF, BALF DNA levels were equivalent to those of much older patients with CF; (3) DNA levels in BALF correlate with BALF neutrophil number, an index of inflammation; and (4) some infants with CF have increased levels of DNA in BALF, which may justify a clinical trial of aerosolized rhDNase in this population.
REMARKS on a FROZEN SECTION of the FIRST STAGE of LABOUR
Authors: W. C. Lusk
Journal: BMJ (1898)

Eie. Manyfoetal diseaseswere hereditary-for example, ichtby-*sis, general dropsy, feetal rickets, etc. Direct heredity could seldom be proved, but familyprevalencewasvery common.He kadreported two, and even three, anencephalic foetuses in the same family, and polydactyly was often seen in several generations and in several individuals of the same generation.It was evident that in addition to morbid causes coming from without, we had to deal constantly with hereditary tendencies Jor or against pathological developments existing alteady in the organism.This was true of the pathology of all periods of life, antenatal as well as postnatal, and the net result was the health or disease, deformity or malformation of the individual.-_._.
Weapons of mass destruction kill dinosaurs
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In a second I realised that my eyes had deceived me, that I had misread the two headings and falsely combined them, and that “Saddam's weapons of mass destruction” was a separate article from “Killer dinosaurs.” Nor did I pay attention to such items as “Aliens among us,” “Psychic advice from Serena,” “Conspiracies,” and “The chamber of the bizarre.” But my interest was drawn to an article supposedly written by a former funeral director claiming …
Guideline-conform systemic treatment improves survival of breast cancer patients.
Authors: C Kurzeder, A Wöckel, J König, M Blettner, K Koretz, H Döhner, R Kreienberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2115 Purpose: The influence of guidelines for systemic therapy of early-stage breast cancer on survival of patients is still not clear. We investigated to which extend adherence to the St Gallen expert consensus recommendations can improve outcome of the disease.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Clinical characteristics and survival data of 2454 patients with early breast cancer which received primary therapy between 1992 and 2005 at a cancer referral center were collected by patient chart review, queries to local death registries and physicians involved in follow-up care. Patients were assigned one of three risk categories and an algorithm based on the St Gallen Expert Consensus 2005 on primary therapy of early-stage breast cancer was developed to estimate risk reduction by compliance to consensus recommendations using different Cox proportional hazard models.&amp;#x2028; Results: According to the St Gallen consensus recommendations, indication for endocrine therapy was classified as mandatory in 78.3% (n=1922) of patients and as optional in 3.7% (n=92). A significant risk reduction by guideline-compliant endocrine therapy in patients with mandatory indication (HR = 0.62, CI 0.48 - 0.81) and also in patients with optional indication for endocrine therapy (HR = 0.20, CI 0.04 - 0.90) was estimated after adjustment for prognostic factors, co-existing morbidity and adjuvant treatment measures. Based on the consensus, indication for chemotherapy was classified as mandatory in 42.5% (n=1044) of the patients and as optional in 53.7% (n=1318). A significant risk reduction was observed for both subgroups of patients after adjustment for prognostic factors, co-existing morbidity and adjuvant treatment measures (HR = 0.80, CI 0.59 - 1.09 and HR = 0.53, CI 0.33 - 0.86). Model based estimates of overall survival for the subgroup of patients for whom endocrine therapy is mandatory and chemotherapy is optional is shown in figure 1, even more pronounced effects were found in patients for whom both endocrine therapy and chemotherapy are mandatory.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusion: Systemic adjuvant therapy in accordance with the St Gallen consensus recommendations 2005 is clearly associated with prolonged survival. Chemotherapy and endocrine therapy are beneficial when applied in accordance with the indications of St. Gallen consensus recommendations. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2115.
Eligibility Criteria of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Giorgio Costantino, Elisa Ceriani, Anna Maria Rusconi, Nicola Montano
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Topical pimecrolimus in the treatment of genital lichen planus: a prospective case series
Authors: A.A. Lonsdale-Eccles, S. Velangi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

A potent topical steroid is the conventional therapy for genital lichen planus (GLP). Side-effects or steroid resistance can be encountered and second-line therapy such as topical tacrolimus may be required. In our experience tacrolimus may be poorly tolerated in genital skin because of a burning sensation. In addition, there is impairment of Langerhans cell function, raising concerns about its long-term use. These adverse effects may not be as marked with pimecrolimus. To our knowledge, pimecrolimus has not been used in the treatment of GLP.To assess the efficacy and tolerability of topical pimecrolimus in the treatment of GLP.Eleven women with GLP were recruited: 10 had erosive vulval disease and one had classical lichen planus of perianal skin. Ten patients had poor disease control, and despite using topical steroids appropriately, two of these also had steroid-related side-effects in adjacent unaffected skin. The eleventh patient had adequate disease control but marked steroid atrophy. Topical pimecrolimus 1% cream (Elidel cream; Novartis, Camberley, U.K.) was applied twice daily to affected areas. Patients were followed up between 4 and 6 weeks later. They remain under regular review and at the time of writing mean follow-up is 5.2 months (range 2-10).Nine patients (82%) tolerated pimecrolimus, including three patients previously intolerant of tacrolimus. These nine patients showed a clinical response at 4-6 weeks: two showed a complete response with no residual disease activity visible and seven had a partial response. With longer follow-up, six (55%) of the women had a complete response and three (27%) were considered to have a partial response. Eight patients noted symptomatic improvement and one felt that her symptoms were the same as with steroid use. Two patients (18%) with erosive lichen planus were unable to tolerate pimecrolimus due to local irritation.We have found that topical pimecrolimus 1% cream is an effective treatment for GLP. Local irritation can limit its use, but it may be better tolerated than topical tacrolimus: three of our complete responders had previously been intolerant of tacrolimus. Topical pimecrolimus may be a valuable second-line treatment for patients with steroid-related side-effects or steroid-resistant GLP.
Sex Chromatin Screening of Female Athletes
Authors: Lisa M. Bassis
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While I agree with Drs de la Chapelle<sup>1</sup>and Simpson<sup>2</sup>that the sex chromatin screening method presently used by the International Olympic Committee to verify gender is problematic, alternative screening methods are inadequate for determining the sex of athletes. In response to differences in performance between the sexes, segregation of athletic contests by sex has been both a desirable and a necessary goal.<sup>3,4</sup>The rationale espoused by the US Olympic Committee for separation of the sexes in the majority of events is that it ensures the matching of persons of equal strength. While Drs de la Chapelle and Simpson argue that the fundamental failure of sex chromatin screening is that it assesses the least relevant parameter of sex, alternative screening methods are inferior as a determinant of sex where the participant intends to compete against others on the basis of physical ability. For example,
Role of stromal cell-mediated Notch signaling in CLL resistance to chemotherapy
Authors: A H Nwabo Kamdje, G Bassi, L Pacelli, G Malpeli, E Amati, I Nichele, G Pizzolo, M Krampera
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2012)

Stromal cells are essential components of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment that regulate and support the survival of different tumors, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this study, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in the promotion of survival and chemoresistance of human CLL cells in coculture with human BM-mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) of both autologous and allogeneic origin. The presence of BM-MSCs rescued CLL cells from apoptosis both spontaneously and following induction with various drugs, including Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, Bendamustine, Prednisone and Hydrocortisone. The treatment with a combination of anti-Notch-1, Notch-2 and Notch-4 antibodies or γ-secretase inhibitor XII (GSI XII) reverted this protective effect by day 3, even in presence of the above-mentioned drugs. Overall, our findings show that stromal cell-mediated Notch-1, Notch-2 and Notch-4 signaling has a role in CLL survival and resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, its blocking could be an additional tool to overcome drug resistance and improve the therapeutic strategies for CLL.
Liability for Unauthorized Treatment
Authors: Nick G. Onychuk
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2365: Cancer cell necrosis induces tumor growth by releasing HMGB1
Authors: Yasuhiko Kitadai, Yi Luo, Hitoshi Ohmori, Kiyomu Fujii, Tomonori Sasahira, Yoshitomo Chihara, Hiroki Kuniyasu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract HMGB1 secreted from cancer cells accelerates invasion and metastasis of them. HMGB1 is released from necrotic cells. In the present study, we examined the differential effect on HMGB1 of apoptosis inducer (AI) from necrosis inducer (NI). CT26 mouse colon cancer cells were treated with trichostatin A (TSA) as AI or doxorubicin (DXR) as NI. DXR treatment increased HMGB1 in cultured medium (CM), whereas TSA did not increase. DXR-treated CM accelerated cell growth and invasion, whereas TSA-treated CM did not accelerate. CT26 cells were inoculated in the bilateral dorsal subcutaneous tissues of mice, which were treated with DXR or TSA by intratumoral injection. After treatment, serum HMGB1 concentrations by DXR and TSA treatments were 228 ng/ml and 21 ng/ml, respectively. After DXR treatment, contralateral tumor and the remnant tumor showed more pronounced growth or re-growth than those treated with TSA. By the lung metastasis model by caudal vein inoculation and the liver metastasis model by intrasplenic inoculation of CT26 cells, lung and liver metastasis was more enhanced by DXR treatment than those by TSA treatment. Metastasis enhancement by DXR treatment was abrogated by anti-HMGB1 co-treatment. Re-growth of linoleic acid-induced quiescent cells was found in DXR-treated mice but not in TSA-treated mice. These finding suggest that HMGB1 released from necrotic cancer cells treated with NI might enhance re-growth and metastasis of remnant cancer cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2365.