tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effort to Regulate Acid Aerosol Pollution, Based on New Human Health Data, Still Up in the Air
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1990)

"A NASTY convergence of data... none of it reassuring" leaves little doubt that acid aerosols in the atmosphere are having acute short- and long-term respiratory effects. That is the view of David V. Bates, MD, who spoke recently at the World Conference on Lung Health in Boston, Mass. Bates, who is professor emeritus of medicine in the Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, has spent nearly 40 years in studies that make him, according to colleagues, "the guru of respiratory physiology." Acid aerosols are colloidal suspensions of hydrogen ion—containing particles that form the misty air pollution called "summer haze." They are generated commonly by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions from coalfired industrial plants. The emissions are transformed into ammonium bisulfate or sulfuric acid and nitric acid, well-known air pollutants. In the ambient air they mix with ozone. <h3>'Respirable Fraction'</h3> The pollutant particles are in
X-RAY TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT DISEASE OF THE LUNG
Authors: Ff. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1933)

INTESTINO-VESICAL FISTULA r THEDBRITCJR of tumour.The boy disappeared, together with the gipsy.March 23rd.-Greatenlargement of mediastinal shadow.band to which he belonged.Since then nothing has been April 1Ith.-Conditionfair to moderate until the last two heard of him.to three days, when he had an attack of intense cyanosis This case illustrates the dramatic effect of treatment upon and dyspnoea, and died.a large tumour, which had reduced the patient to the point of death. Necropsy CASE 2Post-mortem examination by Dr. Whittle showed a large tumour surrounding root of right main bronchus.Upper and February 23rd, 1928.-R.M., postman, aged 23, was middle lobes infiltrated and riddled with small nodules of admitted under Dr. Haynes.Had been in low health for growth.Right pleura contains a large amount of blood- three months.Cough for two weeks.On the previous day stained fluid.In the left lung there were three secondary had had a pain in the left side followed by spitting of blood, nodules under the pleura.The pericardium was completely Coughed blood again three days later.adherent.The liver was very extensively studded with um- March 22nd.-X-rayexamination showed a carcinoma of bilicated secondary growths.The right suprarenal consists left lung, with some collapse of upper lobe.Tuberculosis of a mass of secondary growths completely replacing gland.right apex.Dura mater: a large spherical tumour, two inches in diameter, March 26th anid 27th.-X-raytreatment was given.He projecting into left occipital lobe.Microscopical examination:
Effect of Tissue Temperatures and Blood Flow on Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity
Authors: David I. Abramson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The existence of a relationship between peripheral nerve conduction velocity and ambient temperature is supported by considerable experimental evidence.<sup>1-5</sup>For example, Rosenberg and Sugimoto<sup>1</sup>exposed the sciatic nerve of frogs to a temperature range of 78.8 to 38.3 F (26 to 3.5 C) and noted that, on the average, conduction velocity decreased from 33 meters/sec to 6 meters/sec, the change occurring slowly above 53.6 F (12 C) and rapidly below this level. Gasser,<sup>2</sup>using the phrenic nerve of the dog, also showed that cooling this structure decreased its conduction velocity. Chatfield et al<sup>3</sup>subsequently performed a similar type of procedure on the tibial nerves of rats and hamsters and came to the same conclusion. Tasaki and Fujita,<sup>4</sup>studying the isolated single nerve fiber of the toad, found that the relationship between the ambient temperature and the logarithms of conduction time, spike duration, and chronaxie for
constraints from handedness on the evolution of brain lateralization
Authors: maryanne martin, gregory v. jones
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

can we understand brain lateralization in humans by analysis in terms of an evolutionarily stable strategy? the attempt to demonstrate a link between lateralization in humans and that in, for example, fish appears to hinge critically on whether the isomorphism is viewed as a matter of homology or homoplasy. consideration of human handedness presents a number of challenges to the proposed framework.
Nature's subtlety undermines the empirical relevance of both dynamical and computational hypotheses
Authors: Gregory R. Mulhauser
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Technical hitches mar van Gelder's proposed map of the conceptual landscape, particularly with respect to descriptive levels and the trio of instantiation, realisation, and implementation. However, for all the formal quibbles, van Gelder is onto something important; the tension he notes between computationalism and a dynamical alternative threatens to transform the way we conduct cognitive science research.
High fibre diet may be good alternative to complex weight loss regimen, US study finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A diet that simply encourages people to eat 30 g or more of fibre a day may be a good alternative to a far more complex weight loss regimen recommended by the American Heart Association (AHA), a US study has shown.

The study included 240 participants with metabolic syndrome whose average age was 52 and whose average body mass index was 35 kg/m2.1 Most (72%) of the participants were women, and 86% had at least a college education.

The participants were randomly assigned to two groups. One group was enrolled in a programme based on the AHA’s dietary recommendations for the management of metabolic syndrome; the second group was enrolled in the high fibre diet plan. …
Radiologic Visualization of Neck Vessels in Cerebrovascular Insufficiency
Authors: Charles M. Poser
Journal: JAMA (1962)

For complete evaluation of the extent of vascular involvement in cases of cerebrovascular insufficiency, one must visualize both carotid and both vertebral arteries in their entire course. Percutaneous transbrachial arteriography makes this possible. Visualization is mandatory before considering the possibility of surgical removal of obstructive lesions. More than one major vessel is usually involved, and the clinical differentiation between involvement of the carotid artery system and the vertebral-basilar system is frequently not borne out. In 89 patients who submitted to brachial arteriography, 109 lesions were discovered (38% of all visualized vessels). In addition to intraarterial plaques, a number of extraluminal causes for obstruction were also discovered. Extra-arterial fascial bands caused intermittent obstruction of the vertebral artery in some cases, and were easily removed surgically.
Fungi: the neglected allergenic sources
Authors: R. Crameri, M. Garbani, C. Rhyner, C. Huitema
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Allergic diseases are considered the epidemics of the twentieth century estimated to affect more than 30% of the population in industrialized countries with a still increasing incidence. During the past two decades, the application of molecular biology allowed cloning, production and characterization of hundreds of recombinant allergens. In turn, knowledge about molecular, chemical and biologically relevant allergens contributed to increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying IgE-mediated type I hypersensitivity reactions. It has been largely demonstrated that fungi are potent sources of allergenic molecules covering a vast variety of molecular structures including enzymes, toxins, cell wall components and phylogenetically highly conserved cross-reactive proteins. Despite the large knowledge accumulated and the compelling evidence for an involvement of fungal allergens in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, fungi as a prominent source of allergens are still largely neglected in basic research as well as in clinical practice. This review aims to highlight the impact of fungal allergens with focus on asthma and atopic dermatitis.
Saliva Leakage from the Parotid Gland
Authors: LUBAN MRHAC, SAAD ZAKKO, YOGENDRA H. PARIKH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 50-year-old male with buccal abscess which has changed into crater shaped defect of the right face with some liquid leakage was sent for salivary gland scintigraphy to determine whether the leakage is saliva from the right parotid gland. Salivary scintigraphy confirmed leakage of saliva.
Respiratory and baroreceptor reflex interactions in man.
Authors: D L Eckberg, C R Orshan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Respiratory and arterial baroreceptor reflex interactions were studied in six healthy young adults. Carotid baroreceptors were stimulated with two intensities of neck suction during early inspiration or expiration at 100 or 150% of each subject's normal tidal volume. Sinus node responses to moderate baroreflex stimuli were inhibited by inspiration, but responses to intense stimuli were not influenced by the phase of respiration. Supranormal tidal volume did not diminish responses to inspiratory baroreflex stimuli, but significantly reduced responses to expiratory stimuli. These results provide evidence for a central respiratory baroreceptor reflex interaction in man whose quality is dependent upon the level of afferent baroreceptor activity and the depth of inspiration.
A Renal Transplant Seen on Dual Photon Absorptiometry
Authors: FRANCESCA PONS, PERE BASSA, MONTSERRAT SOLA, MARINA HUGUET
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A 25-year-old man who had a chronic rejection of renal transplantation performed 4 years earlier developed secondary hyperparathyroidism. Dual-photon absorptiometry of the lumbar spine and right femur were performed to evaluate changes in bone mass. A roundish highdensity area was seen in the right iliac region. Radiographs revealed that this corresponded to the renal transplant that had calcified. Clinical and radiographic correlation is necessary to evaluate some images seen on bone densitometry.
Registering Clinical Trials
Authors: Kay Dickersin, Drummond Rennie
Journal: JAMA (2003)

That it is not possible to find information about all initiated clinical trials is of international concern. This is a particular worry because scientists tend to publish their positive findings more often than their negative findings (publication bias). A comprehensive register of initiated clinical trials, with each trial assigned a unique identifier, would inform reviewers, physicians, and others (eg, consumers) about which trials had been started and directly address the problem of publication bias. Patients and their clinicians could also know which trials are open for enrollment, thus speeding medical advances. Individuals who participate in clinical trials typically provide consent in the belief that they are contributing to medical knowledge. But if the knowledge gained is never reported, the trust between patients and investigators and that between patients and research ethics review boards are both damaged. Ethical issues are of particular concern if industry is gaining financially from public involvement in trials, but refusing to reciprocate by making information from industry-sponsored trials generally available. All stakeholders-investigators, research organizations and institutions, journal editors, lawmakers, consumers, and others-must act now, together and in their own domains, to ensure comprehensive registration of clinical trials.
The accumulation of nickel in human lungs.
Authors: D A Edelman, V L Roggli
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Using data from published studies, lung concentrations of nickel were compare for persons with and without occupational exposure to nickel. As expected, the concentrations were much higher for persons with occupational exposure. To estimate the effects of nickel-containing tobacco smoke and nickel in the ambient air on the amount of nickel accumulated in lungs over time, a model was derived that took into account various variables related to the deposition of nickel in lungs. The model predicted nickel concentrations that were in the range of those of persons without known nickel exposure. Nickel is a suspected carcinogen and has been associated with an increased risk of respiratory tract cancer among nickel workers. However, before the nickel content of cigarettes can be implicated in the etiology of lung cancer, further studies are needed to evaluate the independent effects of smoking and exposure to nickel.
Plasma levels of metalloproteinase-9 are elevated in patients with chronic autoimmune urticaria
Authors: E. Antiga, W. Volpi, E. Del Bianco, P. Fabbri, M. Caproni
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Plasma levels of metalloproteinase‐9 are elevated in patients with chronic autoimmune urticaria Get access E. Antiga, E. Antiga Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Via della Pergola 58/60, 50121 Florence, Italy E‐mail: fabbri@unifi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Volpi, W. Volpi Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Via della Pergola 58/60, 50121 Florence, Italy E‐mail: fabbri@unifi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Del Bianco, E. Del Bianco Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Via della Pergola 58/60, 50121 Florence, Italy E‐mail: fabbri@unifi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Fabbri, P. Fabbri Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Via della Pergola 58/60, 50121 Florence, Italy E‐mail: fabbri@unifi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Caproni M. Caproni Department of Dermatological Sciences, University of Florence, Via della Pergola 58/60, 50121 Florence, Italy E‐mail: fabbri@unifi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 3, 1 September 2009, Pages 712–714, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09368.x Published: 01 September 2009
The Doctor Dies
Authors: Ruzha P. Cleaveland
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Ad Libitum20 June 2000The Doctor DiesRuzha P. CleavelandRuzha P. CleavelandSignal Mountain, TN 37377 (Cleaveland)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Patients file byClothed, they view him in his final suit,imagine his warm hands probing their swollenstomachs as he listens to untamed fetal sacs.Slim stickler for shed weight, he leafsthrough their burgeoning files of bloodpressures, breathing lessons, spentuteruses. They remember that prodigiousmemory for bodies, that steely spine,his chuckle when he caught their newborns.Sons stand nearTheir picture of him is the scrapeof garage door lifted in the bowelof night, engine sputter, the click of key.Forever he was therefor his patients.Which of these four inheritedthat signaled ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Signal Mountain, TN 37377 (Cleaveland)Corresponding Author: Ruzha P. Cleaveland, 1000 Signal Mountain Road, Signal Mountain, TN 37377. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 12Page: 999KeywordsBlood pressureBoneBreathingHeartMemoryMusclesRacial and ethnic issuesSpineStomach ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 20 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Narrow Gauge
Authors: Robert H. Cook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Many more students apply to medical schools than can be accommodated. This effect may worsen if medical school enrollments are decreased to prevent a "doctor glut."1 This surfeit of applicants has given admissions committees great power (not necessarily desired or acknowledged) over the choices of undergraduates and the character of future physicians.Lewis Thomas has asserted that this power has had undesirable effects on undergraduate education and will lead to infelicitous consequences for the profession.2 He has noted an unwarranted preference for selecting those with scientific, as opposed to "humanistic," skills. There is evidence that such a bias exists: Funkenstein . . .
657 COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN DC BEAD® LOADED WITH DOXORUBICIN AND CONVENTIONAL TRANSARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION IN THE TREATMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN KOREA
Authors: M.J. Song, C.-H. Park, P.S. Sung, S.W. Choi, J.M. Yang, C.D. Lee, Y.S. Lee, S.K. Yoon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Mental Disease a Symptom of Physical Defect
Authors: M. J. Kennefick
Journal: BMJ (1952)

BRDICBrJOwas given intravenously.After the usual muscular twitching complete relaxation occurred within a minute, and a full-sized cuffed Magill's tube was passed with the greatest ease.The cuff was then inflated, and, as natural respiration had ceased, intermittent positive pressure was given, using 80% nitrous oxide and 20% oxygen with no adjuvant.The operation proceeded uneventfully, and 42 minutes later, just as the surgeon finished, the patient took his first spontaneous breath, and within a minute was moving his head and trying to expel the tube.The cuff was accordingly deflated, the tube removed, and the patient then immediately sat up and started talking rationally.He was returned to bed and suffered no ill effects.The salient features of this case are that premedication was light, and that he had a minimal dose of thiopentone and pure nitrous oxide and oxygen after a minute amount of preliminary trilene.
Neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus: a model of insulin resistance associated with loss of adipose mass
Authors: Julie Takada, Magaly A. Machado, Sidney B. Peres, Luciana C. Brito, Cristina N. Borges-Silva, Cecília E.M. Costa, Miriam H. Fonseca-Alaniz, Sandra Andreotti, Fabio Bessa Lima
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Effect of nickel on the activation state of normal human keratinocytes through interleukin 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression
Authors: A. GUÉNICHE, J. VIAC, G. LIZARD, M. CHARVERON, D. SCHMITT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Patch tests with nickel on sensitive subjects induce a characteristic allergic reaction involving epidermal and dermal cells, as well as modulation of cytokines and adhesion molecule production. In order to gain further insight into the role of keratinocytes in this phenomenon, we assessed their activation state induced by Ni2+ by studying interleukin 1 (IL-1) production and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression, using normal human keratinocytes cultured in defined medium. In comparison with controls, the addition of subtoxic NiSO4 concentrations (0.1–20 μg/ml) to keratinocyte cultures induced a significant, but low release of IL-1α and IL-1β at 24 and 48 h, detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the supernatants of treated cells, Moreover, IL-1 receptor antagonist was significantly increased in the supernatants and the cell extracts. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, ICAM-1 expression at 24h was found to be induced in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a level comparable with that obtained upon interferon-γ (10 IU/ml) stimulation. Overall, these data confirm the existence of direct interactions between Ni2+ and keratinocytes, which generate immunological signals of major importance in the pathophysiology of allergic contact dermatitis.
Health promotion in primary care
Authors: S. Gillam, P. McCartney, M. Thorogood
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In his continuing drive to appease disillusioned and overworked general practitioners, Britain's secretary of state for health has made major concessions over the data on health promotion that general practitioners are required to record.1 The more than 120 items of data that were previously required have now been reduced to eight. The move will please those general practitioners who have objected to the “ritualistic collection of risk factors when the public health benefits are marginal,”2 but the reductions seem to have been driven more by the pressure to reduce paperwork than by a desire for effective disease prevention. In the absence of either a strategic or an evidence based approach to health promotion in primary care, many important items have been lost while others have been inappropriately retained.

Under the new scheme, general practitioners are being asked to record the number of patients in …
Race and crack cocaine
Authors: J. Gfroerer
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —In their recent article Lillie-Blanton et al 1 rightly point out the need for epidemiologic research on substance abuse to go beyond the reporting of unadjusted racial/ ethnic differences. Race/ethnic data, or subgroup data of any type, should be accompanied by commentary stating that basic descriptive data are not sufficient and are not intended to identify underlying etiologic processes.  We are pleased to see the authors use the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) as a research tool for this study, demonstrating its potential for providing insights beyond those provided by the standard statistical reports published by the federal government. As managers of the NHSDA, we encourage analysis of the data and are prepared to make it available to other researchers.  Although we do not dispute their conclusions, we have some concerns regarding the methods used by Lillie-Blanton and colleagues. We feel that their analysis does
The influence of left ventricular stroke volume on aortic root motion: an echocardiographic study.
Authors: R C Pratt, A F Parisi, J J Harrington, A A Sasahara
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Aortic root motion was studied in 24 normal volunteers at rest and during the Valsalva maneuver, isometric exercise, and amyl nitrite inhalation. In addition root motion was correlated with the stroke volumes determined at cardiac catheterization in 24 patients. The root has distinct systolic movement, the amplitude and duration of which were easily measured both at rest and during the interventions. At rest,the mean (+/-1 SE) systolic amplitude of the anterior aortic wall was 11.2 +/- 0.5 mm and that of the posterior wall 9.5 +/- 0.3 mm. During the strain phase of the Valsalva maneuver anterior wall amplitude fell to 8.2 +/- 0.4 mm and the posterior wall to 7.3 +/- 0.5 mm (P less than 0.001). With release, anterior wall amplitude rebounded to 12.5 +/- 0.8 mm and the posterior wall to 10.8 +/- o.5 mm, values greater than control (P less than 0.01). With isometric exercise there was no change in amplitude compared to rest; however, amyl nitrite caused an increase in the anterior wall to 13.5 +/-0.8 mm and posterior wall to 11.9 +/-0.6 mm (P less than 0.01). In the patient group the amplitude of posterior wall motion correlated weakly with cardiac index (r = 0.63) and stronger with stroke index (r = 0.78). This study quantifies the echocardiographic pattern of normal aortic root motion. The findings indicate that the aortic root motion is an index of stroke volume; they further suggest that root motion is acutely sensitive to variations in stroke volume since its amplitude changed in accord with the documented effects of the employed maneuvers on stroke volume.