tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transformation to Sarcomatoid Carcinoma in ALK-Rearranged Adenocarcinoma, Which Developed Acquired Resistance to Crizotinib and Received Subsequent Chemotherapies
Authors: Yoshihisa Kobayashi, Yukinori Sakao, Simon Ito, Jangchul Park, Hiroaki Kuroda, Noriaki Sakakura, Noriyasu Usami, Tetsuya Mitsudomi, Yasushi Yatabe
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
The treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis with a new anti-CD11a monoclonal antibody
Authors: Kim Papp, Robert Bissonnette, James G. Krueger, Wayne Carey, David Gratton, Wayne P. Gulliver, Harvey Lui, Charles W. Lynde, Anna Magee, Daniel Minier, Jean P. Ouellet, Piyush Patel, Jerry Shapiro, Neil H. Shear, Susan Kramer, Patricia Walicke, Robert Bauer, Russell L. Dedrick, Sun Sook Kim, Mark White, Marvin R. Garovoy
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2001)
PD05-04: Quantitative Measurement of Antigen Degradation in NCCTG N9831 Tissue Microarrays.
Authors: H Cheng, DL Rimm, MM Reinholz, WL Lingle, KV Ballman, AC Dueck, B Chen, AE McCullough, RB Jenkins, EA Perez
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Unstained recuts from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues are commonly collected for cooperative group studies. There is concern among pathologists that improper storage conditions can lead to antigen degradation. In an effort to quantify this effect, we compared the expression of HER1 and HER2 on two sets of identical cohort tissue microarrays (TMAs) from the N9831 HER2+ adjuvant phase III trial (NCT00005970; www.clinicaltrials.gov); one freshly cut set (cut April 18, 2011) and a second set stored at 4 degrees for over two years (cut between Nov, 2007 and Jan, 2008). Methods: The two sets of TMA slides containing 1580 tumor samples from the N9831 cohort were treated identically using the AQUA method of quantitative immunofluorescence. HER1 was tested with D38B1 (rabbit monoclonal, Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.) and HER2 with CB11 (mouse monoclonal, Biocare, Inc.) on tumors from 695 patients (712 specimens) in the fresh TMAs and 779 patients (800 specimens) in the old TMAs in up to three-fold redundancy per specimen. Results: Frequency distributions of the expression of HER2 revealed bimodality in the fresh TMAs compared to an attenuated distribution of the old cases. The average score of the entire cohort was significantly lower in old TMAs compared to fresh cuts (paired t-test, p&amp;lt;0.0001). Linear regression of the average HER2 scores from new TMAs versus the average scores from old TMAs showed a slope term of 0.52, which is statistically significantly different from the hypothetical value of 1 (p&amp;lt;0.0001). Regressions between any two fresh slides showed slopes close to 1.0. Similar results were seen for HER1, but fewer positive cases made the changes less dramatic. Conclusions: The storage condition of tissue slides is a critical pre-analytical variable that can dramatically lower the score of HER1 and HER2, artificially. Thus, studies done on inadequately stored slides, either whole sections or TMAs, must be interpreted with caution. Tissue collection and analysis of biomarkers for cooperative group studies should not include unstained recuts, but rather, entire blocks or large cores from tissue blocks. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD05-04.
637 PRE-THERAPEUTIC ANXIODEPRESSIVE STATUS IS PREDICTIVE OF COMPLETION OF TREATMENT BY PEG-INTERFERON ALFA 2B AND RIBAVIRIN IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: A.-L. Bretagne, I. Ollivier-Hourmand, C. Guillemard, C. Cognard, F. Chastang, C. Morelle, V. Peutin, C. Baudrillart, F. Naveau, J.-J. Parienti, E. Vastel, T. Dao, L.-E. Groupe Psypeg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Measurement of activity of urea resistant neutrophil alkaline phosphatase as an antenatal screening test for Down's syndrome.
Authors: H S Cuckle, N J Wald, S F Goodburn, J Sneddon, J A Amess, S C Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To investigate the value of measuring maternal urea resistant neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity as an antenatal screening test for Down9s syndrome. DESIGN--Case-control study of blood samples collected at nine to 27 weeks of pregnancy. SETTING--Antenatal clinics in London and Oxford. PATIENTS--72 Women whose fetuses had been diagnosed by amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling as having Down9s syndrome and 156 women whose fetuses did not have the syndrome. Only singleton pregnancies were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Activity of urea resistant neutrophil alkaline phosphatase measured cytochemically. RESULTS--The median enzyme activity in the index patients was 1.65 times the expected median for the controls at the same duration of pregnancy (p less than 0.0001; 95% confidence interval 1.56 to 1.74). A cut off value that identified the 5% of control patients with the highest activities yielded a rate of detection of Down9s syndrome of 79% (95% confidence interval 70 to 89%). CONCLUSION--Activity of urea resistant neutrophil alkaline phosphatase is an effective maternal blood marker for Down9s syndrome. Its use in antenatal screening could lead to a substantial improvement in the detection of this disorder. Before introducing the test into routine medical practice it will have to be automated so that it can be used on a large scale and is less subjective.
Echocardiographic recognition and implications of ventricular hypertrophic trabeculations and aberrant bands.
Authors: A Keren, M E Billingham, R L Popp
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The accuracy of two-dimensional echocardiography in the recognition of aberrant ventricular bands and pathologic trabeculations (hypertrophic, fibrotic, or both) was assessed in 35 patients who underwent cardiac transplantation and pathologic examination. At pathologic study the prevalence of specific intracavitary structures ranged from 28% to 43%. Left ventricular thrombi were found in 12 patients (34%) and right ventricular thrombi in three (9%). Echocardiography accurately defined left ventricular aberrant bands and left ventricular thickened or fibrotic trabeculations. Bands, trabeculations, and thrombi each showed characteristic echocardiographic patterns. In the right ventricle, these structures were recognized, but accurate discrimination among them was not possible by echocardiography. Aberrant bands and pathologic trabeculations mimicked or obscured fresh or organized thrombi in three patients on two-dimensional echocardiography. Left ventricular longitudinal bands and pathologic right ventricular trabeculations obscured the interventricular septal border in four patients; the presence of these abnormalities could lead to the erroneous diagnosis of asymmetric septal hypertrophy on M mode echocardiography. By expressing the accuracy of two-dimensional echocardiography in the recognition of left ventricular anomalous bands, our results support the feasibility of prospective studies to clarify their clinical significance.
Homozygosity mapping of Hallervorden–Spatz syndrome to chromosome 20p12.3–p13
Authors: Todd D. Taylor, Michael Litt, Patricia Kramer, Massimo Pandolfo, Lucia Angelini, Nardo Nardocci, Suzanne Davis, M. Pineda, Haruo Hattori, Peter J. Flett, M. Roberta Cilio, Enrico Bertini, Susan J. Hayflick
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Delayed hepatitis after treatment with hepatitis B immune serum globulin.
Authors: J P Wauters, M Leski
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Diabetic ketoalkalosis: a readily misdiagnosed entityAn essential part of the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.is the replacement of fluid and electrolytes.Though routine use of alkali is questionable, it is often used in the early stages of treatment.We describe two patients diagnosed as having diabetic ketoacidosis who were later found to have a metabolic alkalosis.The use of alkali replacement in these patients would have been inappropriate and potentially hazardous. Case reportsCase 1-A 24-year-old woman who had been treated with insulin for 11 years was admitted to hospital in December 1974 with a history of nausea for three weeks, severe vomiting for 24 hours, and diarrhoea for four hours.She was drowsy, hiccuping, dehydrated, and overbreathing, with acetone on her breath.Urine analysis showed 2 00 glucose and 3 + ketones.Diabetic
Accessory cardiac bronchus presenting with haemoptysis
Authors: M. P. Keane, J. F. Meaney, E. A. Kazerooni, R. I. Whyte, A. Flint, F. J. Martinez
Journal: Thorax (1997)

The case history is presented of a 50 year old man with a two year history of haemoptysis secondary to an accessory cardiac bronchus.
Response of alopecia areata to DNCB: influence of auto–antibodies and route of sensitization
Authors: P.S. FRIEDMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

The effects of treatment with topical 2,4–dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were observed in fifty–one patients with alopecia areata of at least 9 months duration. Patients were sensitized either by the application of 500 μg of DNCB in acetone to the forearm, or by painting affected areas of the left side of the scalp with a 1 % solution. A mild to moderate dermatitis was maintained by weekly applications of DNCB. When the sensitizing dose was applied directly to the scalp, significantly more patients showed poor reactivity as judged by the eczematous response obtained, although the two routes of sensitization had comparable effects upon regrowth of hair. Hair regrew significantly more frequently in females. The likelihood of regrowth was reduced in patients with hair loss of long duration and in those with immunological disturbances such as autoantibodies or low T lymphocyte numbers and responses. The relationship of these factors to the disease and to the response to DNCB treatment is discussed.
HIV testing in UK hospitals is a "lottery," studies warn
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Large numbers of cases of HIV infection remain undiagnosed because healthcare professionals working in UK hospitals are failing to offer testing routinely to people at high risk of infection, warn three studies.

The studies were reported at the second joint conference of the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV and the British HIV Association, held in Manchester on 20 to 23 April.

“These research studies clearly demonstrate that HIV testing in high prevalence areas remains a ‘lottery,’ despite national guidelines which recommend routinely offering an HIV test to adults in high prevalence areas,” said Keith Radcliffe, a consultant in genitourinary medicine at the Heart of Birmingham Teaching Primary Care Trust and president of the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV. More than a third of people with an HIV infection get …
Why many patients shouldn't be in hospital
Authors: K. Patel
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Rules are drummed into us from the earliest moments we are taught clinical inpatient medicine. We must see patients daily. We must check the observations chart. We must document findings in the notes.

All these seem pretty sensible. I’ve never tried, but I can imagine the look on the consultant’s face if we said, “I couldn’t be bothered to see the patients today.” But would this reaction be rational?

Paradoxically it is completely acceptable for inpatients not to see a doctor at weekends. And woe betide any patients in hospital when Christmas …
Safety and efficacy of the RTS,S/AS01 E candidate malaria vaccine given with expanded-programme-on-immunisation vaccines: 19 month follow-up of a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial
Authors: Kwaku Poku Asante, Salim Abdulla, Selidji Agnandji, John Lyimo, Johan Vekemans, Solange Soulanoudjingar, Ruth Owusu, Mwanajaa Shomari, Amanda Leach, Erik Jongert, Nahya Salim, Jose F Fernandes, David Dosoo, Maria Chikawe, Saadou Issifou, Kingsley Osei-Kwakye, Marc Lievens, Maria Paricek, Tina Möller, Stephen Apanga, Grace Mwangoka, Marie-Claude Dubois, Tigani Madi, Evans Kwara, Rose Minja, Aurore B Hounkpatin, Owusu Boahen, Kingsley Kayan, George Adjei, Daniel Chandramohan, Terrell Carter, Preeti Vansadia, Marla Sillman, Barbara Savarese, Christian Loucq, Didier Lapierre, Brian Greenwood, Joe Cohen, Peter Kremsner, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Marcel Tanner, Bertrand Lell
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2011)
From tailor-made to ready-to-wear meningococcal B vaccines: longitudinal study of a clonal meningococcal B outbreak
Authors: François Caron, Isabelle Parent du Châtelet, Jean-Philippe Leroy, Corinne Ruckly, Myriam Blanchard, Nicole Bohic, Nathalie Massy, Isabelle Morer, Daniel Floret, Valérie Delbos, Eva Hong, Martin Révillion, Gilles Berthelot, Ludovic Lemée, Ala-Eddine Deghmane, Jacques Bénichou, Daniel Lévy-Bruhl, Muhamed-Kheir Taha
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2011)
Radiology and endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Authors: G M Fraser, R N Rankin, D H Cummack
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Of 112 patients admitted with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the presumed bleeding site was detected in 61-5% of cases by radiology and in 57% of cases on endoscopy. Thirty-one patients who had barium-meal examination were operated on and the surgical and radiological findings agreed in 26 (84%). Twenty-three patients who had endoscopy were operated on and the surgical and endoscopic findings agreed in 15 (65%). In 10 cases radiology detected a lesion not identified on endoscopy and in nine endoscopy detected a lesion not seen at radiology. We suggest that when there are two potential sources of bleeding radiology as well as endoscopy can detect the actively bleeding lesion. The supplementary nature of radiology and endoscopy is emphasised and we conclude that both methods should be used if there is any doubt at the initial radiological or endoscopic examination about the source of the bleeding.
Soul Murder: The Effects of Childhood Abuse and Deprivation
Authors: Domeena C. Renshaw
Journal: JAMA (1990)

There is great promise in the title and the timing of this book, but great disappointment in the telling. It is rare for an author, in his introduction, to point out the major and pervasive flaw in his work, yet not repair it: "I am fond of meandering designs; this book proceeds more by associations than by orderly progression, and some motifs recur throughout...." Material from George Orwell's<i>1984</i>and quotes from Freud, Dickens, Chekhov, and Kipling are liberally used. However, these are interspersed in long, convoluted sentences about the author's case histories. Several readings are needed to establish some connections or even whether patient<i>x</i>or Orwell's Winston or a cannibalistic rat is being described. The author, apparently unaware of the contradictions, states: Soul murder is my dramatic designation for a certain category of traumatic experiences: instances of repetitive and chronic overstimulation alternating with emotional deprivation that are deliberately
Targeted inhibition of tumor-specific glutaminase diminishes cell-autonomous tumorigenesis
Authors: Yan Xiang, Zachary E. Stine, Jinsong Xia, Yunqi Lu, Roddy S. O’Connor, Brian J. Altman, Annie L. Hsieh, Arvin M. Gouw, Ajit G. Thomas, Ping Gao, Linchong Sun, Libing Song, Benedict Yan, Barbara S. Slusher, Jingli Zhuo, London L. Ooi, Caroline G.L. Lee, Anthony Mancuso, Andrew S. McCallion, Anne Le, Michael C. Milone, Stephen Rayport, Dean W. Felsher, Chi V. Dang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Glutaminase (GLS), which converts glutamine to glutamate, plays a key role in cancer cell metabolism, growth, and proliferation. GLS is being explored as a cancer therapeutic target, but whether GLS inhibitors affect cancer cell-autonomous growth or the host microenvironment or have off-target effects is unknown. Here, we report that loss of one copy of Gls blunted tumor progression in an immune-competent MYC-mediated mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Compared with results in untreated animals with MYC-induced hepatocellular carcinoma, administration of the GLS-specific inhibitor bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES) prolonged survival without any apparent toxicities. BPTES also inhibited growth of a MYC-dependent human B cell lymphoma cell line (P493) by blocking DNA replication, leading to cell death and fragmentation. In mice harboring P493 tumor xenografts, BPTES treatment inhibited tumor cell growth; however, P493 xenografts expressing a BPTES-resistant GLS mutant (GLS-K325A) or overexpressing GLS were not affected by BPTES treatment. Moreover, a customized Vivo-Morpholino that targets human GLS mRNA markedly inhibited P493 xenograft growth without affecting mouse Gls expression. Conversely, a Vivo-Morpholino directed at mouse Gls had no antitumor activity in vivo. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that GLS is required for tumorigenesis and support small molecule and genetic inhibition of GLS as potential approaches for targeting the tumor cell-autonomous dependence on GLS for cancer therapy.
Identification of human tear fluid biomarkers in vernal keratoconjunctivitis using iTRAQ quantitative proteomics
Authors: A. Leonardi, A. Palmigiano, E. A. Mazzola, A. Messina, E. M. S. Milazzo, M. Bortolotti, D. Garozzo
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Understanding and treating vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) has been a challenge because the pathogenesis is unclear and antiallergic therapy often unsuccessful. The aim of the study was to analyze peptide profiles in human tears using mass spectrometry to elucidate compositional differences between healthy subjects and patients affected by VKC.Tears were collected from healthy subjects and VKC patients. Digested samples were treated with iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation). Separation of tryptic peptides was realized using a MicroHPLC interfaced with a microfraction collector. MS and MS/MS mass spectra were performed using a MALDI TOF/TOF 4800 Applied Biosystem spectrometer. Protein Pilot™ software with Paragon™ algorithm v4.1.46 or GPS™ with Mascot engine was used as search engines with SwissProt or IPI human as the databases.A significant number of peptides were examined, and 78 proteins were successfully identified. In all VKC samples, levels of serum albumin, transferrin, and hemopexin were found up to 100 times higher than control tear levels and correlated to the severity of disease. Hemopexin, transferrin, mammaglobin B, and secretoglobin 1D were found significantly over-expressed in VKC samples compared with the control samples. Tear samples from patients treated with topical cyclosporine or corticosteroids showed a dramatic reduction in these protein levels.LC MALDI MS and isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation technique may be useful in the quantitative and qualitative characterization of the peptidoma of human tears. These techniques may identify target proteins to be used in the diagnosis and management of VKC and other inflammatory ocular surface conditions.
Palliation in Incurable Head and Neck Cancers: Chemotherapy?
Authors: Gouri H. Pantvaidya, Anil K. D'cruz, Kumar Prabhash
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

moreover, in 110 patients from our database in whom VH gene mutations and ZAP-70 have been studied, discrepant cases account for only 11% of cases.As for cytogenetics, seven of 18 allografted patients had poor cytogenetics, all of them being VH gene unmutated.In the autografted group, five of 15 patients also had unfavorable cytogenetics, all being VH gene unmutated.Regarding the more general comments, it would be hard to disagree with Nabban and Bitran that CLL is a heterogeneous disease.Concerning the importance of achieving MRDnegative status in this form of leukemia, we provided some of the first evidence in that respect, 8 so we are quite convinced.However, it could always be argued that patients achieving MRD-negative status may have an intrinsically more indolent form of the disease and hence have a better prognosis.It is also important, as stressed by our correspondents, to identify patients with poor-risk disease who might benefit from early, intensive therapy.However, despite the progress toward that direction (eg, by identifying prognostic parameters such as cytogenetic abnormalities, VH gene mutational status or ZAP-70 expression that add predictive power to clinical stages), 16 we are still far from this goal.As a result, we continue indicating treatment based on classical criteria of the National Cancer Institute-Working Group 17 but not on biologic features, an important issue currently being addressed in randomized trials and whose benefits have not yet been demonstrated.Finally, regarding the role of transplants in the management of CLL, these should be conducted within trials.Since patients with mutated VH genes or low ZAP-70 expression tend to have good prognosis they should not undergo transplantation at all unless they show unequivocal unfavorable prognostic features.We have virtually abandoned autografts in patients with CLL since all patients autografted eventually relapse and a survival benefit has not been convincingly demonstrated.However, patients with poor risk features having achieved complete response and lacking an HLA-matched sibling donor may still be reasonable candidates.Regarding allogeneic transplants, we offer this treatment to patients refractory to purine analogsbased therapy because of their extremely poor prognosis; older or unfit patients and those patients with chemotherapy sensitive disease are offered nonmyeloablative transplants.However, in no case we do advocate allogeneic transplantation as upfront therapy. 18
Critical Role of <scp>l</scp> -Arginine in Endothelial Cell Survival During Oxidative Stress
Authors: Christoph V. Suschek, Oliver Schnorr, Karsten Hemmrich, Olivier Aust, Lars-Oliver Klotz, Helmut Sies, Victoria Kolb-Bachofen
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Oxidative damage of vascular endothelium represents an important initiation step in the development of atherosclerosis. Recently, we reported about protection of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-derived high-output NO in endothelial cells. Because iNOS activity critically depends on the availability of its substrate l-arginine, the present study aims at elucidating iNOS-mediated effects on H2O2-induced apoptosis of cytokine-activated rat aortic endothelial cells (AECs) subject to medium l-arginine concentrations.In cytokine-activated AECs, iNOS activity was found to be half-maximal at 60 micromol/L arginine, which represents the medium serum level in rats but also in humans. Maximal activity is seen at and above 200 micromol/L arginine. Activated cells grown in the absence of arginine with minimal iNOS activity are highly sensitive toward H2O2-induced apoptosis, and increases in medium arginine concentrations result in increased cell survival. Moreover, competition experiments show that iNOS activity is completely dependent on cationic amino acid transporter-mediated arginine uptake. We also find that the arginine-dependent protection includes inhibition of endothelial lipid peroxidation and increases in the expression of vasoprotective stress response genes.Our data demonstrate that arginine concentrations corresponding to physiological serum levels do not allow for optimal endothelial iNOS activity. Thus, decreases in systemic arginine concentrations, or locally within atherosclerotic plaques, will impair the endothelial iNOS-mediated stress response and will significantly increase the risk of endothelial dysfunction.
Top3β is an RNA topoisomerase that works with fragile X syndrome protein to promote synapse formation
Authors: Dongyi Xu, Weiping Shen, Rong Guo, Yutong Xue, Wei Peng, Jian Sima, Jay Yang, Alexei Sharov, Subramanya Srikantan, Jiandong Yang, David Fox, Yong Qian, Jennifer L Martindale, Yulan Piao, James Machamer, Samit R Joshi, Subhasis Mohanty, Albert C Shaw, Thomas E Lloyd, Grant W Brown, Minoru S H Ko, Myriam Gorospe, Sige Zou, Weidong Wang
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2013)