tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Angioplasty vs bypass surgery in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease
Authors: C. E. Guerra
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) Investigators<sup>1</sup>reported a greater need for additional revascularization procedures among patients who were initially randomized to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA[52%]), compared with those randomized to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG [6%]), to attain angina-free status at 5 years. However, since the time of randomization of patients in the BARI (which occurred between 1988 and 1991), clinical practice has changed to reflect key new information acquired from more recent clinical trials. Among the most important of these changes is the use of coronary stents, which has revolutionized interventional cardiology. In 1994, 2 randomized trials<sup>2,3</sup>revealed that using stents reduced the restenosis rate by 30% compared with PTC A. Since these trials, we also have learned more about the appropriate indications for stent placement, including their use for abrupt vessel closure following PTCA<sup>4</sup>to reduce the need for emergency
Changing Sex Ratios in Diabetes
Authors: W. A. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1971)

A survey of sexes and ages in patients attending the Hartlepool diabetic clinic was carried out for the 20-year period 1948-67. The proportion of men aged 50 and over rose from 25.9% in the first decade to 38.2% in the second. An attempt has been made to explain this pronounced and rapid change.
Obama seeks to quell furor over insurance cancellations
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In a speech in Boston on 30 October President Barack Obama sought to quell the furor over reports that many Americans who previously bought health insurance on their own are being told that their policies have been terminated because of requirements imposed by the Affordable Care Act and that they must choose a new plan.

About 6% of people who aren’t elderly buy their insurance plans on the individual market. Elderly people are covered by Medicare.

The cancellations seem to contradict Obama’s promise that people could keep their current insurance plan if they wanted. In a 2009 speech to the American Medical Association he said, “No matter how we reform healthcare, we will keep this …
Memories of Sir William Osler
Authors: Wilburt C. Davison
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Sir William Osler loved people, especially children,<sup>1</sup>old people, and medical students. As a result, children, old people, students, physicians, and patients loved him. In addition to being a superb clinician and a magnificent teacher, Osler made everyone with whom he came in contact feel that he was primarily and genuinely interested in that individual. I have met hundreds of his former students in America and England who shared that belief. For example, Thomas B. Futcher, who was supposed to give me an examination in medicine when I transferred from Oxford to the senior class at the Hopkins in 1916, happily chatted about the "Chief" for an hour and then gave me a good grade. John Musser did the same thing when I took the national board examinations on my return from the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in France in 1919. In fact, passing examinations seemed more dependent on
Endotracheal Tube Bronchoscopy
Authors: ROBERT H. RICHARDSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 March 1972Endotracheal Tube BronchoscopyROBERT H. RICHARDSON, M.D.ROBERT H. RICHARDSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-3-512_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We share the enthusiasm of Smiddy and associates (1) for the diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness of the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope for routine outpatient or inpatient bronchoscopy. We have, however, abandoned the transnasal route they describe for introducing the instrument.I first learned to use the fiberoptic bronchoscope when working at the National Cancer Institute Hospital in Tokyo with Dr. Shigeto Ikeda, who originally developed the instrument. The method described below is that used by Dr. Ikeda (2) and, subsequently, by us at the University of Iowa Hospitals.After spraying the oropharynx with 4% lidocaine, the superior laryngeal...References1. SMIDDYRUTHKERBY JWG: Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope (letter). Ann Intern Med 75:971, 1971 LinkGoogle Scholar2. IKEDA S: Flexible bronchofiberscope. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 79:916-824, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. IKEDA S: Personal communication Google Scholar4. WANNERZIGHELHOIMSACKNER AHM: Nasopharyngeal airway: a facilitated access to the trachea. Ann Intern Med 75:593-595, 1971 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT H. RICHARDSON, M.D.Affiliations: Pulmonary Disease Section Department of Internal Medicine University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City, Iowa PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Bronchoscopy SurveyTracheal Carcinoma Obscured by an Endotracheal TubePlace of Fiberoptic Endoscopy in BronchoesophagologyFlexible Fiberoptic BronchoscopyUse of the Bronchofiberscope for Bronchial Brush Biopsy 1 March 1972Volume 76, Issue 3Page: 512-512KeywordsBronchoscopyInpatientsOropharynxOutpatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Injuries on offshore cruising sailboats: analysis for means of prevention
Authors: J-L Rouvillain, F Mercky, D Lethuillier
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

Objective: No studies have been performed on cruising sailors who spend most of the year on offshore cruising sailboats. To gain a better understanding of this population, traumatic events occurring in this group of sailors were studied to define appropriate means of prevention. Design, setting and patients: Primary care data were collected prospectively using a questionnaire during in-depth interviews by one of the authors (FM) of 100 cruising sailboat crews that called at Martinique between December 2001 and May 2002. Main outcome measurements: In total, 56 injuries were reported: 20 involved the upper limb, 20 the lower limb, and 7 the head and neck. There were also 19 burns, 11 of which were photoinduced and 8 accidental. There were 16 skin infections, 3 of which were complicated by arthritis. Results: After analysis, we found that most of these injuries could be prevented if the following recommendations were applied. Wearing shoes would avoid foot injuries. A hatch cover would effectively protect from cranial trauma caused by the boom. To protect from the sun, a bimini top (cover to shield the cockpit) would be most effective. A windlass would avoid hand injuries and acute lower back pain. Lastly, meticulous wound care until complete healing would prevent the common complications of skin superinfections. Conclusions: Injuries to professional seafarers and ocean racers are well described, but the increasingly growing cruising sailor population has not been well studied. Development of easy and inexpensive worldwide network connection will allow better follow-up of this mobile population.
The Effective Executive
Authors: Frank Lawler
Journal: JAMA (1986)

While most physicians probably don't consider themselves to be executives, this book contains a broad approach to practice management that most physicians should find useful. This 1985 update of a popular earlier edition was written by an eminent professor of management, who defines effectiveness as "getting the right things done," as opposed to efficiency, which is getting a task accomplished quickly with minimal effort. The focus is on achievement of the objectives or purposes of the task in question, rather than on the task itself. Since physicians commonly perceive themselves to be among the busiest and most rushed of professionals, this volume can be useful in improving effectiveness. For a physician, this implies optimal patient care, administration, and/or research results. Professor Drucker lists five areas integral to effectiveness: time management, concentration of effort, utilization of strength, setting priorities, and effective decision making. These skills can be learned and must be
CD147 reprograms fatty acid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through Akt/mTOR/SREBP1c and P38/PPARα pathways
Authors: Jibin Li, Qichao Huang, Xiaoyu Long, Jing Zhang, Xiaojun Huang, Jiye Aa, Hushan Yang, Zhinan Chen, Jinliang Xing
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Spatial Magnitude, Orientation, and Velocity of the Normal and Abnormal QRS Complex
Authors: KATSUHIKO YANO, HUBERT V. PIPBERGER
Journal: Circulation (1964)

Curves of spatial magnitude, orientation, and velocity of the QRS complex were obtained by digital computation from 252 normal and 328 abnormal orthogonal electrocardiograms (Frank system). An attempt was made to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of this type of spatial data display. Because of interindividual variability in QRS duration it was not possible to compare accurately individual records with normal standards. Normalization in time was, therefore, necessary by dividing each QRS complex in time in 10 equal parts. Mean curves were computed for the normal control group and eight pathologic entities. Although differences in configuration between the various groups became evident, a large overlap between the various ranges prevented an efficient classification for diagnostic purposes. A point-by-point separation between normal ranges and individual curves showed high recognition rates for abnormalities without specific diagnostic classification. The highest information content appeared to be present in curves of spatial orientation. Since time-normalization and numerical statistical analysis of multiple points are not feasible with presently available analog computers, the question is raised whether digital computation is not more efficient in diagnostic classification of electrocardiograms.
Magic in the Web of It
Authors: L A Borella
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

On Being a Doctor17 October 2000Magic in the Web of ItLori A. Borella, MDLori A. Borella, MDCreighton University; Omaha, NE 68131 (Borella)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail We give up a lot to do this job. Medicine's a vocation, really. Calling it a job doesn't address the sacrifices we make. How often do we miss meals, miss sleep, or miss our families for patients? Sometimes our dedication to medicine causes us to lose our families entirely. Why, then, do we do it? We do it because medicine gives us something in return. Occasionally, that something is extraordinary. That something happened to me.In the fall of my third year of medical school, I had the opportunity to do a rural medicine clerkship in Valentine, Nebraska, a small ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Creighton University; Omaha, NE 68131 (Borella)Note: The title phrase appears in Othello (Act III, scene 4, line 26).Corresponding Author: Lori A. Borella, MD, 3428 Lafayette Avenue, Omaha, NE 68131; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 October 2000Volume 133, Issue 8Page: 654-655KeywordsMelanomaMouthNursesPharmacistsShockSleepSurgeonsTasteTechniciansTwins ePublished: 17 October 2000 Issue Published: 17 October 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Bacteroides Pneumonias
Authors: JAMES R. TILLOTSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Eleven patients with bacteroides empyemas were seen at the Detroit General Hospital between July 1963 and December 1965. Three of these cases occurred in young women with acute bacteroides infections of the pelvis. Severe illnesses, with lower lobe bronchopneumonias and moderate effusions, necessitated early hospitalization. The other cases occurred in older men with significant chronic pulmonary disease. They entered with subacute, protracted, but progressive complaints. Massive, putrid, and rapidly reaccumulating effusions dominated these prolonged hospitalizations. Diagnosis is dependent upon an awareness by physicians that these strictly anaerobic organisms are normal inhabitants of human mucous membranes and intestines, that they are potentially virulent pathogens, and that they will not be recovered unless specimens are cultured under a strictly anaerobic environment. Visualization of gram-negative bacilli in sputum and empyema fluids with negative aerobic cultures should allow earlier recognition of bacteroides pneumonias with empyema. Therapy requires combined surgical drainage and vigorous intelligent antimicrobial usage.
Misconduct in medical research: does it exist in Britain?
Authors: S. Lock
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A nonsystematic survey of plagiarism, misrepresentation, and fraud in British medical research found that such cases are known to only a few people, that little of the published work is retracted, and that few institutions have any formal mechanism for dealing with instances of medical misconduct. The author believes that the problem is considerably larger than indicated by the survey, particularly in the area of drug trials in district hospitals without academic connections. He urges action by individual institutions, professional organizations, and local ethics committees strengthened by legal representatives.
Variations in performance characteristics of commercial enzyme immunoassay kits for detection of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: what is the optimal cut off?
Authors: J U Holle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

We have recently shown that patients with sleep apnoea have thicker necks than non-apnoeic snoring controls. However, it was not clear whether this difference simply reflects the fact that apnoeic patients are more obese than the non-apnoeic ones, or whether it represents a preferential distribution of fat over the neck region compared to the abnormal region. We therefore measured the neck and abdominal circumferences in a large group of 670 patients suspected of having sleep apnoea, all of whom had full nocturnal polysomnography, including measurement of snoring. We divided these patients into apnoeic and non-apnoeic groups based on the apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) of 10. Apnoeic patients had significantly higher body mass index (BMI), neck, and abdominal circumferences than non-apnoeic controls. We then matched apnoeic and non-apnoeic patients exactly, one-for-one for BMI and age; this procedure left us with 156 patients in each group. Abdominal circumferences were similar, but the neck circumference was significantly higher in apnoeic patients (41.2 +/- 3.5 cm vs 39.1 +/- 3.7 cm, p less than 0.0001). Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that neck circumference and BMI correlated significantly with apnoea (multiple R2 = 0.27, p less than 0.001) and snoring (multiple R2 = 0.19, p less than 0.001). We conclude that obese patients with sleep apnoea have fatter necks than equally obese non-apnoeic snorers, and that the neck circumference could be a significant determinant of apnoea and snoring.
What Benjamin Babington, William Osler, Frederick Weber, and Henri Rendu did not know
Authors: R HIRSCHBERG
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

See article by Fernandez-L  [6]  (pages 235–248) in this issue. 

Epistaxis is a reasonably common and usually minor condition, although in rare cases it can be severe and life threatening. Benjamin Guy Babington described a family with individual members in five generations who had commonly and at times severe epistaxis, and he recognized this as an inherited epistaxis syndrome [1]. Diagnostic acuity of the time was limited, leading to confusion between familial epistaxis and other hemorrhagic diatheses, especially hemophilia. Henri Rendu's observations provided some clarification. He described the case of a 52-year-old male with frequent epistaxis and a similar history in his brother and mother. Moreover, Rendu recognized blanching angiomata on the nose, cheek, and lips of his patient [2]. A more detailed study of cases of the cutaneous-telangiectases-with-epistaxis syndrome was provided by William Osler and Frederick Parks Weber [3,4]. Osler noted that frequent and severe nose bleeds in these patients occur without similar bleeding from other minor injuries. One of the three subjects in Osler's initial publication lost more than 1 L of blood from epistaxis, yet his coagulation time was reduced [3]. Hanes, a pathology resident at Johns Hopkins University Hospital, coined the term of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) for this familial disorder, which was later also named Osler–Weber–Rendu disease (OWR) [5]. Recently, progress has been made in defining the gene disorders underlying OWR. However, it remains poorly understood how these gene mutations relate to the molecular and cellular pathophysiology and to the clinical abnormalities in these patients. The seminal observations on blood outgrowth endothelial cells from OWR-patients in the studies by Fernandez-L and her associates in this issue of Cardiovascular Research provide novel insights into OWR pathogenesis and perhaps into general aspects of endothelial cell functions [6].

HHT or OWR disease … 

*Tel.: +1 310 222 3891; fax: +1 310 782 1837. Email address: rhirschberg{at}labiomed.org
New health research centre launched in Wales
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A new health research centre launched in Wales this week will investigate a wide range of issues, from diabetes prevention to the effects of speed cameras on road traffic injuries.

The Centre for Health Improvement Research and Evaluation, which is based in the Swansea clinical school of the University of Wales, brings together several individual research groups. They will carry out research on improving the quality of patient care, maximising the cost effectiveness of service delivery, and developing primary prevention strategies …
Topical calcipotriol as monotherapy and in combination with psoralen plus ultraviolet A in the treatment of vitiligo.
Authors: M. Ameen, V. Exarchou, A.C. Chu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Recent advances in the pathophysiology of vitiligo have demonstrated defective calcium homeostasis in depigmented skin. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 may be involved in the regulation of melanin synthesis, and receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 have been demonstrated on melanocytes.We conducted an open study to determine the efficacy and tolerability of calcipotriol cream as monotherapy and in conjunction with psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) in the treatment of vitiligo.Twenty-six patients with vitiligo affecting 5-40% of their skin were recruited. Twenty-two were treated with twice-daily topical calcipotriol monotherapy (50 microg g(-1)) and four were placed on combination treatment with twice-daily topical calcipotriol 50 microg g(-1) in conjunction with topical or oral 8-methoxypsoralen PUVA three times weekly.Treatment was well tolerated at all sites and no adverse effects were reported. After a therapy time of 3-9 months (mean 6 months), 77% (17 of 22) of those treated with monotherapy showed 30-100% improvement, and three of the four patients on combination treatment showed good response.Topical calcipotriol appears to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for vitiligo and can be safely used in conjunction with PUVA, but controlled studies are necessary to exclude the possibility of spontaneous repigmentation.
Abstract 2: Paxillin enhances angiogenesis through transcriptional regulation of Src in ovarian cancer
Authors: Hyun Jin Choi, Seung-Wook Kim, Sunila Pradeep, Heather J. Dalton, Rajesha Rupaimoole, Selanere Mangala, Gabriel Lopez, Sood K. Anil
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Paxillin (PXN) expression is increased in various cancer types, but its biological and clinical impact is not well understood. Here, we examined the biological effects of paxillin in ovarian cancer. Methods: The in vivo (HeyA8 and HeyA8-MDR orthotopic mouse models of ovarian cancer) and in vitro (tube formation assays, reverse phase protein array (RPPA) analysis, RT-PCR chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay) effects of paxillin were examined in ovarian cancer. Results: Paxillin silencing using siRNA incorporated in DOPC nanoliposomes resulted in 55% reduction in tumor growth in a HeyA8 orthotopic ovarian cancer mouse model (p&amp;lt;0.05). There was an unexpected effect of marked reduction in vascular density (67%, p&amp;lt;0.01). In addition, tumor proliferation was decreased by 60% (p&amp;lt;0.01) in PXN-siRNA treatment group. This anti-proliferative effect of siPXN was not observed in vitro. In contrast, a significant anti-angiogenic effect was observed in vitro using a tube formation assay, where condition media collected from ovarian cancer cells treated with siPXN compared to siControl resulted in a prominent (60%,p&amp;lt;0.01) reduction in tube formation ability of endothelial cells. RPPA analyses pointed to Src protein expression being significantly decreased following PXN silencing in HeyA8 cells. Using RT-PCR and western blotting techniques, we observed that Src mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in siPXN-treated cells. Moreover, p-Src protein level was also found to be decreased following PXN silencing. ChIP analysis showed direct PXN binding to the Src promoter. Conclusion PXN exerts indirect effects on tumor angiogenesis, mediated through Src. These findings provide a new understanding of the role of PXN in malignant biology. Citation Format: Hyun Jin Choi, Seung-Wook Kim, Sunila Pradeep, Heather J. Dalton, Rajesha Rupaimoole, Selanere Mangala, Gabriel Lopez, Sood K. Anil. Paxillin enhances angiogenesis through transcriptional regulation of Src in ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2
Secular trends in self reported sexual activity and satisfaction in Swedish 70 year olds: cross sectional survey of four populations, 1971-2001
Authors: N. Beckman, M. Waern, D. Gustafson, I. Skoog
Journal: BMJ (2008)

To study secular trends in self reported sexual behaviour among 70 year olds.Cross sectional survey. Settings Four samples representative of the general population in Gothenburg, Sweden.1506 adults (946 women, 560 men) examined in 1971-2, 1976-7, 1992-3, and 2000-1.Sexual intercourse, attitudes to sexuality in later life, sexual dysfunctions, and marital satisfaction.From 1971 to 2000 the proportion of 70 year olds reporting sexual intercourse increased among all groups: married men from 52% to 68% (P=0.002), married women from 38% to 56% (P=0.001), unmarried men from 30% to 54% (P=0.016), and unmarried women from 0.8% to 12% (P<0.001). Men and women from later birth cohorts reported higher satisfaction with sexuality, fewer sexual dysfunctions, and more positive attitudes to sexuality in later life than those from earlier birth cohorts. A larger proportion of men (57% v 40%, P<0.001) and women (52% v 35%, P<0.001) reported very happy relationships in 2000-1 compared with those in 1971-2. Sexual debut before age 20 increased in both sexes: in men from 52% to 77% (P<0.001) and in women from 19% to 64% (P<0.001).Self reported quantity and quality of sexual experiences among Swedish 70 year olds has improved over a 30 year period.