tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CONTEMPO '89: JAMA Continues to Offend the Omitted, Sexology Makes It Especially Disconcerting
Authors: Richard J. Sassetti
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I read with interest the 1989 CONTEMPO issue<sup>1</sup>of<i>JAMA</i>and enjoyed its broad but concise review of the most recent issues in each of the medical specialties. Because of my special interest in blood transfusion, and in light of the widespread concern and the resultant changing practices relating to it, I immediately looked for the new section on transfusion medicine. Disappointed in not finding one, I then looked to see how each author chose to deal with the problems of transfusion medicine as they relate to each of the relevant specialties. To my chagrin, none of these important issues was addressed by any of the authors. This was disconcerting in that I counted 18 specialties in which transfusion is a significant component and in which there has been activity related to a concern about the safety and therefore most appropriate use of blood components.
GSK kicks off global transparency campaign in Australia
Authors: M. Sweet
Journal: BMJ (2011)

As part of the global drive by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) to improve transparency in relations with healthcare professionals, the company’s Australian arm will work towards publicly declaring how much it pays individual doctors and other healthcare professionals.

In a first step in this direction GSK has announced that it will declare total payments that it makes to healthcare professionals in Australia, starting with the release next month of 2010 data for all grants, donations, sponsorships, and consultancy fees.

“We will be the first pharmaceutical company in Australia to disclose a total amount of payments made to healthcare professionals,” said Deborah Waterhouse, the general manager of GlaxoSmithKline Australia, in a statement.

“We see this as a critical important step at the start of an era for pharmaceutical companies where …
ON CHOLERA, AND ITS TREATMENT BY COLD WATER AFFUSION OR DOUCHE
Authors: E. M. Macpherson
Journal: BMJ (1853)

ORIGINAL_ OMUCUICATIONS.AuGusT 2g, (BtZWin de Thierapeutiq2, tome xxlr, p. 41.)And in the recent edition of the elaborate treatise of MM.Barthez et Rilliet, the topical treatment of hooping-cough obtains a place amongst the available remedies for the disease.I shall be excused for quoting their brief but sufficient description of the method:-" Le Docteur Watson a con- seill6 l'emploi de la caut&risation pharyngo-laryngye avec une solution de nitrate d'argent de 75 centigrammes B 2 grammes 40 centigrammes pour 30 gr. d'eau distillee.M. Watson se sert d'une eponge solidement fix6e h une baleine accourbNe; la tete du malade 6tant fix6e par une aide, et la langue prcalablement abaiss6e, il porte 1'6ponge jusqu'is l'ouverture de la glotte; il resulte de cette petite operation une sensation de suffocation tr&s l6gere et tempo-
Persistent β<sub>2</sub>*-Nicotinic Acetylcholinergic Receptor Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Aybala Saricicek, Irina Esterlis, Kathleen H. Maloney, Yann S. Mineur, Barbara M. Ruf, Anjana Muralidharan, Jason I. Chen, Kelly P. Cosgrove, Rebecca Kerestes, Subroto Ghose, Carol A. Tamminga, Brian Pittman, Frederic Bois, Gilles Tamagnan, John Seibyl, Marina R. Picciotto, Julie K. Staley, Zubin Bhagwagar
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

Background: Modulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), specifically those containing the β2 subunit, may be effective in treating patients with major depressive disorder. Using [123I]5-I-A-85380 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), the authors studied the availability of β2-subunit-containing nAChRs (β2*-nAChRs) in depressed patients. To understand its molecular basis, the authors also studied β2*-nAChR binding in postmortem brain samples from depressed subjects. Method: The participants were 23 medication-free, nonsmoking subjects with familial, early-onset depression (eight acutely ill and 15 recovered) and 23 age- and gender-matched nonsmoking comparison subjects. Each received one [123I]5-I-A-85380 SPECT scan and an MRI scan. The availability of β2*-nAChRs was quantified as VT/fP. Postmortem analysis of β2*-nAChR binding was conducted with [123I]5-I-A-85380 on prefrontal cortex samples from 14 depressed subjects and 14 age-matched comparison subjects. Results: The β2*-nAChR availability in both the acutely ill and recovered depressed subjects was significantly lower across all brain regions than in the respective comparison subjects, and it was lower in the acutely ill subjects than in those who were recovered. In the depressed patients, β2*-nAChR availability was significantly correlated with lifetime number of depressive episodes, trauma score, and anxiety score. There were no differences in β2*-nAChR number between groups in the postmortem study. Conclusions: Depressed patients have lower β2*-nAChR availability than do healthy subjects. The difference between β2*-nAChR availability in vivo and in post-mortem samples may be analogous to data with dopaminergic PET ligands and dopamine receptor availability; lower receptor availability for the SPECT ligand could be caused by greater endogenous acetylcholine.
Scintigraphic Demonstration of a Soft Tissue Cavernous Hemangioma with Valsaiva Maneuver
Authors: P VELUVOLU, DAVID L. DANIELS, B DAVID COLLIER, ALI T. ISITMAN, JAMES DUNCAVAGE, NEETIN PATEL, SHEKHAR THAKUR, THOMAS JOESTGEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Hemangiomas are congenital vascular tumors frequently referred for Tc-99m RBC imaging. A case of soft tissue cavernous hemangioma located in the right side of the face and neck is presented. The importance of the Valsalva maneuver in outlining this lesion is described, and a brief review of the literature is presented.
Age and Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Gerald Reaven
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

The fact that glucose intolerance increases with age has been apparent for over 30 years, leading to the suggestion at one time that the diagnostic criteria for diabetes be amended to account for this inevitable consequence of the aging process (1). However, these earlier findings did not differentiate the effects on the plasma glucose response to an oral glucose challenge of age per se from those due to the impact of a number of age-related variables (2). In this context, the article by Imbeault et al. in this issue of Diabetes Care (3) provides additional information concerning the effect of body fat on glucose tolerance, as apparently healthy volunteers grow older. However, the potential effect of differences in fitness, an age-related variable of comparable magnitude, was apparently not considered in their study.

Maneatis et al. (4) quantified the impact of differences in age-related variables on the plasma glucose response to a mixed meal in healthy volunteers between the ages of 47 and 90 living in a retirement community. When adjusted for differences in body weight and physical activity, they found no significant correlation between age and plasma glucose response in men, and differences in age could account for no more than 6% of the variability in glucose response in women. Similarly, when adjusted for differences in weight, physical activity, and use of diabetogenic drugs, age only accounted for 6% …
Autonomic nervous control of heart rate: sympathetic-parasympathetic interactions and age related differences
Authors: S. E MACE, M. N LEVY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Journal Article Autonomic nervous control of heart rate: sympathetic-parasympathetic interactions and age related differences Get access SHARON E MACE, SHARON E MACE * From the Division of Investigative Medicine, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, and Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio *Reprint address: Sharon E Mace, M.D. Division of Investigative Medicine, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, University Circle Cleveland, Ohio 44106. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MATTHEW N LEVY MATTHEW N LEVY From the Division of Investigative Medicine, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, and Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 17, Issue 9, September 1983, Pages 547–552, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/17.9.547 Published: 01 September 1983
Physical inactivity as a global risk factor for chronic diseases in women
Authors: Poonam Lata
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Social inequality, poverty and inequitable access to resources, including healthcare, result in a high burden of non-communicable diseases among women worldwide. Regular physical activity can improve women's health and help prevent many of the diseases and conditions that are major causes of death and disability for women around the world. Many women suffer from disease processes that are associated with inadequate participation in physical activity. Facts ▶ Cardiovascular diseases account for one third of the death in women worldwide. ▶ Diabetes affects more than 70 million women in the world and its prevalence is projected to double by 2025. ▶ Osteoporosis is most prevalent in post-menopausal women. ▶ Physical inactivity is more common among women than men. Benefits of physical activity ▶ Reduces the risk of dying from coronary heart disease and of developing high blood pressure, colon cancer and diabetes. ▶ Helps maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints. ▶ Helps control weight, build lean muscle and reduce body fat. ▶ Helps control joint swelling and pain associated with arthritis. ▶ May enhance the effect of oestrogen replacement therapy in decreasing bone loss after menopause. ▶ Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression and fosters improvement in mood and feelings of well-being. ▶ Reduces the risk of breast cancer in women. Reasons for physical inactivity in women ▶ The income of women is often lower than that of men and therefore the costs of access to physical activity facilities may be a barrier. ▶ Agreement may be required from senior members of the household who control household resources before a woman can engage in physical activity. ▶ Women often have a workload in the home and care-giving roles for other family members, which may limit the time available for them to engage in physical activity. ▶ Women who have limited mobility may be unable to travel to health centres or physical activity facilities. ▶ Cultural expectations may restrict the participation of women in certain forms of physical activity. ▶ Lack of motivation and lack of awareness of physical education.
C reactive protein in the detection of deep venous thrombosis.
Authors: A. F. da Silva, S. Sagar, K. Barnes
Journal: BMJ (1989)

clinics or orthopaedic lists are dealt with in the other two weeks of the rota; during that time there is no commitment to new trauma.In this way there is no risk of night work leaving the surgeon jaded for routine work the following day.This is not a unique system, but this and other methods will have to be evolved to improve on safety of care.
Ephedrine-induced cardiopathy.
Authors: W Van Mieghem, E Stevens, J Cosemans
Journal: BMJ (1978)

single dose of lithium or phenytoin sodium was given to the rats before administering tranylcypromine (a monoamine oxidase inhibitor) plus L-tryptophan.Moreover, if either drug was given in multiple doses over two days there was a pronounced increase in brain synthesis of serotonin.Although they did not examine the combined effects of lithium and phenytoin sodium, they drew attention to their similar action.Possibly the two drugs acted synergistically in our patient, with the resultant toxicity despite normal serum lithium concentra- tions.A third factor is that our patient probably had pre-existing minimal brain damage, which would explain his odd personality, abnormal EEGs, and history suggestive of epilepsy.There is the remote possibility that such patients have an abnormally low tolerance to lithium.All three hypotheses bear further investigation and should be considered if further cases of CNS toxicity occur in patients with therapeutic lithium concentrations.In general, closer observation should be kept for the possible synergistic action of drugs in patients who develop severe side effects.
The Unintended, Negative Consequences of the Door-to-Antibiotic Measure for Pneumonia
Authors: Manfred Gogol
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters3 February 2009The Unintended, Negative Consequences of the Door-to-Antibiotic Measure for PneumoniaManfred Gogol, MDManfred Gogol, MDFrom Krankenhaus Lindenbrunn, Klinik fuer Geriatrie, Coppenbruegge 31863, Germany.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-3-200902030-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I work at a tertiary community geriatric and neurologic hospital specializing in acute, subacute, and rehabilitation care. I fully agree with Wachter and colleagues' critique (1) of the flawed scientific basis of defining a time window for antibiotic administration for CAP in hospitalized patients. In 2006 and 2007, there were 40 428 inpatients with CAP in Lower Saxony (Germany). Forty-four patients were treated at my hospital. Data derived from the quality measurement tool for hospitalized patients with CAP found no association between time to first antibiotic administration and death. Because our patients have had higher CURB-65 (confusion, respiratory ...References1. Wachter RM, Flanders SA, Fee C, Pronovost PJ. Public reporting of antibiotic timing in patients with pneumonia: lessons from a flawed performance measure. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149:29-32. [PMID: 18591635] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean NC, et al; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44 Suppl 2 S27-72. [PMID: 17278083] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Krankenhaus Lindenbrunn, Klinik fuer Geriatrie, Coppenbruegge 31863, Germany.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPublic Reporting of Antibiotic Timing in Patients with Pneumonia: Lessons from a Flawed Performance Measure Robert M. Wachter , Scott A. Flanders , Christopher Fee , and Peter J. Pronovost The Unintended, Negative Consequences of the Door-to-Antibiotic Measure for Pneumonia Nadine Srouji The Unintended, Negative Consequences of the Door-to-Antibiotic Measure for Pneumonia Robert M. Wachter , Christopher Fee , and Scott A. Flanders The Unintended, Negative Consequences of the Door-to-Antibiotic Measure for Pneumonia Nathan C. Dean Metrics 3 February 2009Volume 150, Issue 3Page: 219KeywordsAntibioticsBlood pressureConflicts of interestForecastingGeriatric rehabilitationInpatientsPneumoniaRespiratory rate ePublished: 3 February 2009 Issue Published: 3 February 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
1386 EVEROLIMUS DOES NOT FURTHER REDUCE POLYCYSTIC LIVER VOLUME WHEN ADDED TO LONG ACTING OCTREOTIDE: RESULTS FROM A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL IN POLYCYSTIC LIVER DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: M. Chrispijn, T.J.G. Gevers, J.C. Hol, R. Monshouwer, H.M. Dekker, J.P.H. Drenth
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Thoracic Deformity and Flail Chest in Renal Osteodystrophy
Authors: Sandy Muspratt
Journal: JAMA (1980)

THE EARLIEST accounts of childhood rickets describe thoracic deformities and mention respiratory difficulty in severe cases.<sup>1</sup>A more specific description of the respiratory consequences appears in an early edition of Cecil's<sup>2</sup>text: Thoracic deformities... functional embarrassment which attends severe rickets may actually endanger life. The thoracic cage instead of expanding with each downward excursion of the diaphragm may actually become more constricted;... respiration is rapid and difficult and a relatively mild infection may have a fatal termination. A similar thread runs through the literature of renal osteodystrophy. In the first report of the association of rachitic deformity with renal disease, Lucas<sup>3</sup>tentatively includes curvature of the spine and pigeon chest in the syndrome. Further definition of the entity by Barber<sup>4</sup>dwells on growth retardation, renal dwarfism, and the few photographs accompanying his earlier case reports show, at the most, mild pigeon chest and thoracic margin sulcus.
On site medical services at major incidents.
Authors: R. J. Fairhurst, S. D. Milnes, J. Scott, I. H. Macleod
Journal: BMJ (1992)

study in the absence of electrocardiographic criteria is not necessarily generally applicable.Unless thrombolvsis is restricted to those presenting early and with classic symptoms of infarction, the proportion of alternative diagnoses (2-2%) is unlikely to be substantiated.For example, phase 1 of the myocardial infarction triage and intervention project found only one in six confirmed infarctions among those evaluated before admission to hospital.'The statement that "even in an urban area there would be a temporal advantage in the general practitioner giving thrombolytic therapy in the home" is untested and cannot be extrapolated from the present study.A 999 call and shortening of the delays in hospital would have reduced the difference between home and hospital treatment substantially.We have shown that in an urban area the time of administration of thrombolytic treatment after the onset of symptoms was reduced to a median of 150 minutes by the introduction of a "fast track" system.' Until these issues are resolved it may be pre- mature to advise the widespread implementation of pre-hospital thrombolysis without electrocardiographic confirmation.
Salt Substitutes as a Source of Potassium
Authors: Joseph A. Sopko
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Chemical analysis of commercially obtained potassium-containing salt substitutes was performed. The potassium content was remarkably uniform from sample to sample of each brand and even among different brands. When hypertensive outpatients ranked these products, several were shown to differ considerably in taste characteristics and in overall preference. A cost comparison showed salt substitutes to be less costly than prescription (pharmaceutical) potassium supplements.
Calot's Triangle
Authors: E. S. Brintnall
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  UnderLetters( 200 :1186, 1967), several definitions of Calot's triangle were cited and the following translation from F. Calot was included:  The triangle is not exactly equilateral; the superior and inferior sides, represented by the cystic duct, are equal and slightly longer than the side of the triangle made up by the hepatic duct.  Calot's description was as follows: Le triangle n'est pas exactement equilateral, mais plutot isocele, les deux cotes superieur et inferieur, representes par l'artere et le conduit cystique, etant seuls egaux, et un peu plus longs que la partie du canal hepatique qui entre dans la constitution du triangle.  The following translation seems accurate:  The triangle is not exactly equilateral, but rather isosceles, the two superior and inferior sides represented by the cystic artery and the cystic duct, being equal and a little longer than the part of hepatic duct which enters into the
Retroperitoneal Fibrosis And Carcinoid Tumor
Authors: Lawrence J. Morin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The association of fibrosis with the carcinoid syndrome<sup>1</sup>includes fibrotic lesions of the right side of the heart involving the tricuspid and pulmonic valves,<sup>2</sup>gross fibrosis of the peritoneum and mesentery,<sup>3</sup>and fibrosis of the bladder wall.<sup>4</sup>The possibility that retroperitoneal fibrosis might also be associated with the carcinoid syndrome has been mentioned but, to our knowledge, not specifically documented.<sup>5,6</sup> <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 57-year-old white man was admitted to Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital because of pain in the left flank of three weeks' duration. An intravenous pyelogram had shown nonfunction of the left kidney. Because of hypertension, he had been given 200 mg of rauwolfia daily for six weeks prior to admission. Physical examination yielded nothing remarkable except for minimal tenderness in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. The blood pressure was 160/90 mm Hg. An x-ray film of
My “memorable patient” story
Authors: Deborah Bird
Journal: BMJ (2007)

When it comes to medical interviews, there are a few classic questions, including “Tell me about a memorable patient.” I used to hate this question. As a senior house officer, I took “memorable” to mean the complex, clever medical diagnosis or the difficult case that required clever handling. Most people I knew, myself included, would make up impressive sounding cases tailored to fit the interview. Occasionally, I would use a real patient, as long as there was something about their case …
Therapy for Legionnaires Disease
Authors: James R. Johnson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters18 May 1999Therapy for Legionnaires DiseaseJames R. Johnson, MDJames R. Johnson, MDUniversity of Minnesota; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Minneapolis, MN 55417 (Johnson)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-10-199905180-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Edelstein (1) proposes that certain fluoroquinolone agents or azithromycin should be used rather than traditional erythromycin or tetracycline regimens for Legionnaires disease in hospitalized and immunocompromised patients. Unfortunately, physicians rarely know at the time they initiate treatment for pneumonia in such patients whether the patient has Legionnaires disease or instead has some other infectious or noninfectious pulmonary process. In many cases, the cause is not clear even after results of all relevant diagnostic tests have returned. Coverage for Legionella species (plus other atypical pneumonia agents) is commonly included in empirical antimicrobial regimens for pneumonia.It is ...Reference1. Edelstein PH. Antimicrobial chemotherapy for Legionnaires disease: time for a change [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:328-9. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James R. Johnson, MDAffiliations: University of Minnesota; Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Minneapolis, MN 55417 (Johnson) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAntimicrobial Chemotherapy for Legionnaires Disease: Time for a Change Paul H. Edelstein Therapy for Legionnaires Disease Paul H. Edelstein Metrics 18 May 1999Volume 130, Issue 10Page: 864KeywordsAntimicrobial resistanceAntimicrobialsErythromycinInfectious diseasesLegionellaLegionellosisPneumoniaPulmonary diseasesTetracyclines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 18 May 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...