tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Long-Term Fluoxetine Versus Lithium Monotherapy of Bipolar II Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Substitution Study
Authors: Jay D. Amsterdam, Justine Shults
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2010)

Objective The authors examined the safety and efficacy of long-term fluoxetine monotherapy, lithium monotherapy, and placebo therapy in preventing relapse and recurrence of bipolar type II major depressive episode. The authors hypothesized that fluoxetine monotherapy would be superior to lithium monotherapy with a similar hypomanic mood conversion rate. Method Patients at least 18 years old who recovered from their major depressive episode during initial open-label fluoxetine monotherapy were randomly assigned to receive 50 weeks of double-blind monotherapy with fluoxetine at 10–40 mg/day, lithium at 300–1200 mg/day, or placebo. The primary outcome measure was time to relapse or recurrence. Secondary outcome measures included the proportion of patients remaining well and the frequency of hypomanic symptoms. Results There were no significant differences in clinical or demographic characteristics among the fluoxetine (N=28), lithium (N=26), and placebo (N=27) groups. The mean time to relapse was 249.9 days for the fluoxetine group, 156.4 days for the lithium group, and 186.9 days for the placebo group. The hazard of relapse was significantly lower with fluoxetine compared with lithium, and the estimated hazard of relapse with lithium was 2.5 times greater than with fluoxetine. There were no statistically significant or clinically meaningful differences in hypomanic symptoms among treatment groups over time. One patient taking fluoxetine and one patient taking placebo discontinued treatment because of hypomania. Conclusions These findings suggest that long-term fluoxetine monotherapy may provide superior relapse-prevention benefit relative to lithium monotherapy after recovery from bipolar II major depressive episode without an increase in hypomanic mood conversion episodes.
Abstract 4448: Disruption of nedd4 and connexin 46 interaction by gap junction activator in breast cancer cells
Authors: Thu Annelise Nguyen, Ying Ding, Kristina Bigelow
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women; it is also the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Progress in understanding the etiology of this disease and developing therapies has been slow due to multiple deregulations of various genes. Cancer cells exhibit many defects in cell communication that contribute to the loss of tissue homeostasis (excess cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis). Most normal cells have functional gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), while most, if not all, tumors cells have dysfunctional GJIC. GJIC consists of connexin proteins, which mediate the direct passage of small molecules from one cell to the next. They are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, cell differentiation, cell signaling and previous studies have been suggested their participation in tumor formation and progression. It is believed that restoring GJIC is linked to drug sensitivity and reduction of tumorigenicity. Thus, increasing gap junction activity or enhancing GJIC in tumor cells provides the targets to enhance anti-neoplastic therapies. Several GJIC enhancers have been reported; however, an effective clinical drug targeting gap junction is not available at this time. Recently, we synthesized a new class of substituted quinolines (code name: PQ) and found that they possess potent inhibitory activities against T47D breast cancer cells (IC50 value of PQ1 is 119 nM) through the enhancement of GJIC. Since the mechanism of action of GJIC enhancement caused by PQ is unknown, the current study is to determine the target proteins that PQ interacts with, which may lead to the mechanism of enhancement of GJIC and inhibition of cancer cell growth. Using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, we have found that PQ1 has a strong binding with Nedd4, E3 ubiquitin ligase which previously been shown to involve in the degradation of gap junction. T47D breast cancer cells were treated with various concentrations of PQ1 for 24 hours. Whole cell extract was isolated and subjected to immunoprecipitation assay, followed by western blot analysis. The results show that 100 nM PQ1 can cause a 2-fold decrease in the interaction of Nedd4 and connexin 46 compared to control without treatment or solvent. Since gap junction turnover has been shown to be facilitated by lysosomal and proteasomal degradation, disruption of Nedd4 and connexin 46 suggests that PQ1 may inhibit the lysosomal and proteasomal degradation of connexin 46 in breast cancer cells. Future study will focus on whether PQ causes an increase in gap junction activity via inhibition of Nedd4-ubiquination of connexin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4448.
p27Kip1 expression in normal epithelia, precancerous lesions, and carcinomas of the gallbladder: Association with cancer progression and prognosis
Authors: Ai-Min Hui, Xin Li, Ya-Zhou Shi, Guido Torzilli, Tadatoshi Takayama, Masatoshi Makuuchi
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

p27 Kip1 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that negatively regulates cell proliferation. This study was designed to evaluate the roles of p27 Kip1 in gallbladder carcinogenesis and the prognostic value of p27 Kip1 in patients with gallbladder carcinoma. p27 Kip1 expression was examined immunohistochemically in surgically resected specimens of 8 normal epithelia, 8 adenomyomatosis lesions, 6 precancerous adenomas, and 37 carcinomas of the gallbladder. Decreased p27 Kip1 expression (&lt;50% nuclear staining) was observed in 16 of the 37 (43%) gallbladder carcinomas, but not in any specimen of normal epithelium, adenomyomatosis, or adenoma. The fact that all of the adenomas showed normal p27 Kip1 expression suggests that decreased p27 Kip1 expression is probably not an early event in gallbladder carcinogenesis. Decreased p27 Kip1 expression was significantly associated with less marked tumor cell differentiation ( P = .017), lymphatic invasion ( P = .046), lymph node metastasis ( P = .007), and advanced TNM stage (stage IV vs. stage I, P = .026; stage IV vs. stage II, P = .005). This suggests that down-regulation of p27 Kip1 expression is a late event in gallbladder carcinogenesis, possibly promoting tumor progression and metastasis. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that decreased p27 Kip1 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival ( P = .001) in patients with gallbladder carcinomas who had undergone radical surgery. Cox’s proportional hazards model revealed decreased p27 Kip1 expression to be an independent predictor for death ( P = .034; risk ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-13.7). In conclusion, decreased p27 Kip1 expression significantly correlates with tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in gallbladder carcinomas.
Brucellosis in Veterinary Surgeons
Authors: W. R. Thrower
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BmnDICJOL their sera of agglutinins against brucella antigen, it is easy to see that overdiagnosis is something that must constantly be guarded against.At present, the serological tests for brucellosis in any patient must not only be interpreted in the light of his symptonatology, but also with cognizance of the serological values obtained in the community in which he lives, and of his epidemiological history.'2Previous authors have been too ready to accept a history of symptoms obtained by questionnaire as evidence of clinical brucellosis when allied to positive serological tests, resulting in very high reported incidences of the disease in veterinary surgeons.87Critical evaluation of each individual is necessary to give an indication of the true incidence of brucellosis in any occupationally exposed group.5-Iam, etc.,
Local bone mineral response to brief exercise that stresses the skeleton.
Authors: M. C. Beverly, T. A. Rider, M. J. Evans, R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1989)

OBJECTIVE--To compare grip strength and bone mineral content in the forearm in women and to test the effects on bone mineral content of short periods of exercise that stresses the skeleton. DESIGN--Assessment of both wrists in 69 volunteers and of the non-fractured wrist in 30 patients followed by an exercise regimen entailing squeezing a tennis ball as hard as possible for 30 seconds each day for six weeks. SETTING--Old people9s homes and outpatient departments of Hammersmith and Northampton general hospitals. PATIENTS--99 Women, of whom 69 were volunteers and 30 had a fractured forearm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Grip strength and bone mineral content after six weeks and at six months after the exercises had stopped. RESULTS--The bone mineral content of the women9s forearms was measured with a densitometer and the grip strength with a semi-inflated bag connected to an anaeroid barometer. Measurements before exercise showed that the two variables correlated closely, irrespective of age, and that there were significant differences in both between the dominant and non-dominant arms of the volunteers. After six weeks of exercise there was a mean increase in grip strength of 14.5% (95% confidence interval 9.9 to 19.2%) and in bone mineral content of 3.4% (1.4 to 5.3%) in the stressed forearms of the 77 women who attended for examination. After six months without exercise the improvements in the 33 women who attended for follow up had reversed. Women who had had a fractured forearm (n = 13), however, had continued to gain grip strength and bone mineral content in the arm that had not been injured. CONCLUSIONS--Grip strength in the forearm is a good indicator of bone mineral content. Both variables may be increased by brief periods of stressful exercise. If this principle can be applied to the whole skeleton it may provide a means of reversing osteoporosis.
Abstract 5560: PROX1 expression and function in malignant gliomas
Authors: Tamador Elsir, Mingqi Qu, Shala Berntsson, Tommie Olofsson, Dan Ribom, Abiel Orrego, Anna Hedren, Andreas V. deimling, Christian Hartmann, Mikael Lindström, Anja Smits, Monica Nister
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The PROX1 transcription factor, also known as Prospero in flies, plays a critical role in the development of various organs especially the lymphatic and central nervous systems. Mutations in Prospero induce brain tumor development in flies due to the lack of normal asymmetric neural stem cell division. Less is known about the expression and function of PROX1 in human brain tumors. First, we investigated expression of PROX1 using immunohistochemistry in 56 human astrocytic gliomas of different grades. PROX1 was found to be overexpressed in the majority of high grade tumors but not in grade I tumors or control tissue. Secondly, we addressed the prognostic value of PROX1 in a clinical cohort of patients with grade II gliomas (n=116). The number of PROX1 immunoreactive cells was used as a variable in survival analysis. Patients with tumors showing high PROX1 protein expression had poor outcome in the univariate analysis as well as in the multivariate analysis compared to those with low PROX1 expression. Thirdly, we found that PROX1 was expressed in glioma cell lines and we noted an apparent positive correlation between expression of PROX1 and the pluripotency factor SOX2. Depletion of SOX2 using siRNA inhibited glioma cell proliferation and reduced the levels of PROX1. Acute loss of PROX1 did not impair glioma cell proliferation in vitro. We conclude that PROX1 may constitute a useful tool for diagnosing and grading of astrocytic glioma distinguishing grade III and IV tumors from grade I and II tumors. PROX1 is also a novel predictor of survival for grade II gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5560. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5560
Tailoring the stealth properties of biocompatible polysaccharide nanocontainers
Authors: Biao Kang, Patricia Okwieka, Susanne Schöttler, Oliver Seifert, Roland E. Kontermann, Klaus Pfizenmaier, Anna Musyanovych, Ralf Meyer, Mustafa Diken, Ugur Sahin, Volker Mailänder, Frederik R. Wurm, Katharina Landfester
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Serial Doppler Echocardiography and Tissue Doppler Imaging in the Detection of Elevated Directly Measured Left Atrial Pressure in Ambulant Subjects With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Jay L. Ritzema, A. Mark Richards, Ian G. Crozier, Christopher F. Frampton, Iain C. Melton, Robert N. Doughty, James T. Stewart, Neal Eigler, James Whiting, William T. Abraham, Richard W. Troughton
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Comparison of LysB28, ProB29-Human Insulin Analog and Regular Human Insulin in the Correction of Incidental Hyperglycemia
Authors: Frits Holleman, Joop JG Van Den Brand, Roland ARA Hoven, Jos M Van Der Linden, Ingeborg Van Der Tweel, Joost B L Hoekstra, D Willem Erkelens
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To obtain clinically applicable data on the effects of regular human insulin and the LysB28, ProB29-human insulin analogue (lispro) on the correction of incidental hyperglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The insulins were compared in a non-clamped randomized crossover study of 27 male IDDM patients. Hyperglycemia was induced by the withdrawal of the normal evening dose of insulin; the next morning patients fasted and received a single dose of study insulin according to a dosing nomogram. Blood glucose concentration and GR (a measure of glucose corrected for differences in administered insulin dose: GR = glucose concentration × BMI × insulin dose−1) were followed for 4 h. RESULTS The time courses of blood glucose concentration and GR were significantly different after regular insulin in comparison with lispro (multiple analysis of variance, P &amp;lt; 0.001). At t = 120 min, glucose concentrations had decreased 1.4 mmol/l more with lispro than with regular insulin (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6–2.3, P = 0.002). Similarly, GR had decreased 4.4 mol · kg · IU−1 · m−5 more with lispro than with regular insulin (95% CI 2.6–6.2, P &amp;lt; 0.001). The overall difference in glucose values was 0.87 mmol/l (lispro &amp;lt; regular insulin, P = 0.036), and the overall difference in GR values was 1.96 mol · kg · IU−1 · m−5 (lispro &amp;lt; regular insulin, P = NS). Unexpectedly, the intrinsic variability of GR was higher for lispro than for regular insulin. CONCLUSIONS The more rapid action of lispro is an advantage in the correction of hyperglycemia, even though actual differences in glucose concentrations are smaller than suggested by previous clamped studies.
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG126 reduces renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat
Authors: Prabal K. Chatterjee, Nimesh S.A. Patel, Espen O. Kvale, Paul A.J. Brown, Keith N. Stewart, Domenico Britti, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Helder Mota-Filipe, Christoph Thiemermann
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Coronary-Artery Surgery in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Gary S. Francis, Bim Sharma, Allan J. Collins, Hovald K. Helseth, Christina M. Comty
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Between 1975 and 1979 we performed coronary arteriography on 15 patients with end-stage renal failure and clinical evidence of severe ischemic heart disease. One patient died after the procedure of severe pump failure. Ten patients subsequently received coronaryartery bypass grafts, and two of these patients also received mitral-valve replacement. One patient, a diabetic, died of sepsis after surgery. Eight of the nine surviving patients, including the two patients who had undergone mitral-valve replacement, are markedly improved as a result of surgery. Our experience indicates that these patients can undergo angiography and coronary-artery bypass surgery at an increased but acceptable risk, provided dialysis is done before and after cardiac catheterization and surgery to control extracellular volume overload and hyperkalemia. The operation benefits patients with end-stage renal failure and severe ischemic heart disease by relieving angina and improving their level of activity. It is unclear whether survival is improved for these patients.
Cryoablation First theRapy OutcomeS compared to after-drug Therapy (C-Frost) Trial
Authors: Dursun Aras, Serkan Topaloğlu, Serkan Çay, Fırat Özcan, Fatih Uçar, Özcan Özeke, Osman Turak, Göksel Çağırcı
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Doppler blood velocity in the pulmonary artery of infants, children, and adults
Authors: R. C TARGETT, G. P HELDT, M. B McILROY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

Journal Article Doppler blood velocity in the pulmonary artery of infants, children, and adults Get access RALPH C TARGETT, RALPH C TARGETT **From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GREGORY P HELDT, GREGORY P HELDT **From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA†From the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MALCOLM B McILROY MALCOLM B McILROY **From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA†From the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 20, Issue 11, November 1986, Pages 816–821, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/20.11.816 Published: 01 November 1986
Racial Disparity in Influenza Vaccination
Authors: E C Schneider, P D Cleary, A M Zaslavsky, A M Epstein
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Substantial racial disparities exist in use of some health services. Whether managed care could reduce racial disparities in the use of preventive services is not known.To determine whether the magnitude of racial disparity in influenza vaccination is smaller among managed care enrollees than among those with fee-for-service insurance.The 1996 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey of a US cohort of 13 674 African American and white Medicare beneficiaries with managed care and fee-for-service insurance.Percentage of respondents (adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, clinical comorbid conditions, and care-seeking attitudes) who received influenza vaccination and magnitude of racial disparity in influenza vaccination, compared among those with managed care and fee-for-service insurance.Eight percent of the beneficiaries were African American and 11% were enrolled in managed care. Overall, 65.8% received influenza vaccination. Whites were substantially more likely to be vaccinated than African Americans (67.7% vs 46.1%; absolute disparity, 21.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18.2%-25.0%). Managed care enrollees were more likely than those with fee-for-service insurance to receive influenza vaccination (71.2% vs 65.4%; difference, 5.8%; 95% CI, 3.6%-8.3%). The adjusted racial disparity in fee-for-service was 24.9% (95% CI, 19.6%-30.1%) and in managed care was 18.6% (95% CI, 9.8%-27.4%). These adjusted racial disparities were both statistically significant, but the absolute percentage point difference in racial disparity between the 2 insurance groups (6.3%; 95% CI, -4.6% to 17.2%) was not.Managed care is associated with higher rates of influenza vaccination for both whites and African Americans, but racial disparity in vaccination is not reduced in managed care. Our results suggest that additional efforts are needed to adequately address this disparity.
Birth associated changes in pulmonary arterial connective tissue gene expression in the normal and hypertensive lung
Authors: Rachael M Kitley, Alison A Hislop, Susan M Hall, Anthony J Freemont, Sheila G Haworth
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

To determine the temporal and spatial expression of the connective tissue precursors, procollagen and tropoelastin mRNA in normal and pulmonary hypertensive porcine pulmonary arteries from birth onwards.Using in situ hybridisation, connective tissue gene expression for procollagen alpha1(I) and alpha1(III) and tropoelastin was studied in intrapulmonary arteries from normal piglets, 5 min-16 weeks, and from piglets made pulmonary hypertensive by exposure to hypobaric hypoxia for 3 days, from birth, 3 or 14 days of age. In addition, Type III pN-procollagen, tropoelastin and collagen I and III were studied by immunohistochemistry. Quantitative or semi-quantitative techniques were applied to both in situ and immunohistochemical studies.Procollagen alpha1(I) and alpha1(III) mRNA expression increased rapidly in the media and adventitia between birth and 3 days of age (P<0.05). The increase was transient and the number of cells expressing procollagen mRNA decreased to the low newborn number after 6 days of age. Type III pN-procollagen immunostaining was greatest in newborn elastic and muscular arteries and then decreased. Collagen I and III increased mainly after 6 days of age. In animals exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia from birth, the increase in procollagens I and III mRNA was prevented. Exposure to hypoxia from 3 or 14 days led to little change in either gene expression or in procollagen and mature collagen from the normal. Tropoelastin gene expression was high at birth in the endothelium and media for the first 6 days, and then decreased. Normally, tropoelastin decreased in the media and increased in the adventitia after 16 days of age. Hypoxia had no effect on the mRNA but led to increased tropoelastin.We demonstrated marked, rapid changes in temporal and cell specific connective tissue gene expression in normal pulmonary arteries immediately after birth as the vasculature remodels. Each gene appeared to have its own timetable of expression and responded differently to hypoxia-induced hypertension.
Performance Characteristics of Serologic Tests for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Antibody among Minnesota Blood Donors
Authors: K. L. MacDonald, J. B. Jackson, R. J. Bowman, H. F. Polesky, F. S. Rhame, Henry H Balfour, Michael T Osterholm
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To evaluate performance characteristics of sequential enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Western blot human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody testing in a low-risk population. Design: Three-year prospective study of a selected sample from a community-based population. Setting: Two blood collection facilities in Minnesota. Population: Minnesota blood donors. Results: During the study period, 630 190 units of blood (donations) from an estimated 290 110 Minnesota-resident donors were screened for HIV-1 antibody. Seventeen Minnesota-resident donors were identified as positive for HIV-1 antibody. Sixteen donors were available for follow-up HIV-1 culture: all were culture positive. The other donor, who was not available for follow-up culture, was likely infected with HIV-1 based on a history of high-risk behavior and positive serologic findings for hepatitis B surface antigen. Using 95% binomial confidence intervals, performance characteristics for sequential EIA and Western blot HIV-1 antibody serology were as follows: false-positive rate by number of donations, 0% to 0. 0006%; specificity by number of donations, 99.9994% to 100%; predictive value of a positive test, 81% to 100%. Conclusions: In this low-risk population, the false-positive rate of serologic tests for HIV-1 antibody, using HIV-1 culture as the definitive standard for infection status, was extremely low and test specificity was extremely high.