tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comment on: Margolis et al. Lack of Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and the Prevention of Amputation: A Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2013;36:1961–1966
Authors: Marissa J. Carter, Caroline E. Fife, Michael Bennett
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

The retrospective study recently published by Margolis et al. (1) raises many questions. First, it appears that the excluded cohort had a lower extremity amputation (LEA) rate of 4.5% in the first 28 days. This seems high. Previous studies have shown overall amputation rates (major and minor) after 1 year of 12.5–22.6% in two smaller cohort studies of sicker patients (2,3). Given that the excluded cohort was defined as having “adequate lower extremity arterial flow” (diagnostic method unknown), these results suggest that the excluded cohort was either at inherently higher risk for an LEA or that basic wound care was poorly conducted.

Second, since the detailed selection criteria for hyperbaric oxygen …
Dreams as a Prognostic Factor in Alcoholism
Authors: SEI YOUNG CHOI
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

This study tested the hypothesis that differences in both length of abstinence and demographic characteristics would be found between alcoholics who have dreams about drinking (DD group) and those who do not have such dreams (NDD group). The DD group was abstinent for longer periods of time; these patients were more often white, married, and taking disulfiram than were NDD patients. The author concludes that in outpatient treatment of alcoholics, dreaming about drinking is a good prognostic sign.
DDT Exposure of Zebrafish Embryos Enhances Seizure Susceptibility: Relationship to Fetal <i>p,p</i> ′-DDE Burden and Domoic Acid Exposure of California Sea Lions
Authors: Jessica A. Tiedeken, John S. Ramsdell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

California sea lions have a large body burden of organochlorine pesticides, and over the last decade they have also been subject to domoic acid poisoning. Domoic acid poisoning, previously recognized in adult animals, is now viewed as a major cause of prenatal mortality. The appearance of a chronic juvenile domoic acid disease in the sea lions, characterized by behavioral abnormalities and epilepsy, is consistent with early life poisoning and may be potentiated by organochlorine burden.We investigated the interactive effect of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) on neurodevelopment using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model for seizure behavior to examine the susceptibility to domoic acid-induced seizures after completion of neurodevelopment.Embryos were exposed (6-30 hr postfertilization) to either o,p'-DDT or p,p'-DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) during neurodevelopment via a 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide solution. These larval (7 days postfertilization) fish were then exposed to either the seizure-inducing drug pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) or domoic acid; resulting seizure behavior was monitored and analyzed for changes using cameras and behavioral tracking software.Embryonic exposure to DDTs enhanced PTZ seizures and caused distinct and increased seizure behaviors to domoic acid, most notably a type of head-shaking behavior.These studies demonstrate that embryonic exposure to DDTs leads to asymptomatic animals at completion of neurodevelopment with greater sensitivity to domoic acid-induced seizures. The body burden levels of p,p'-DDE are close to the range recently found in fetal California sea lions and suggest a potential interactive effect of p,p'-DDE embryonic poisoning and domoic acid toxicity.
Anaphylaxis to patent blue V: a case series and proposed diagnostic protocol
Authors: R. A. Haque, A. Wagner, J. A. Whisken, S. M. Nasser, P. W. Ewan
Journal: Allergy (2009)

To cite this article: Haque RA, Wagner A, Whisken JA, Nasser SM, Ewan PW. Anaphylaxis to patent blue V: a case series and proposed diagnostic protocol. Allergy 2010; 65 : 396–400. Abstract Patent blue V is widely used in the identification of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer and other malignancies. Individual case reports of allergy to patent blue V have been described in the medical literature since the 1960s. However, there is little data on clinical features and little experience of which allergy tests are appropriate or useful. We gathered all cases of patent blue V allergy that had been seen and diagnosed in the Department of Allergy, Addenbrooke's Hospital over a 3‐year period. We collected clinical details of each case including skin test results. For comparison we recruited 12 healthy control subjects who then underwent skin testing to patent blue V. Six cases of patent blue V allergy were identified, all occurring during sentinel lymph node identification for breast carcinoma. All 6 had positive skin prick tests to neat patent blue V (25 mg/ml). Skin prick testing with a 1 : 10 dilution (2.5 mg/ml) produced positive results in 3 of 4 patients tested, and intradermal testing at a 1 : 100 dilution was (0.25 mg/ml) was positive in all patients tested. Of 12 control subjects, 11 had negative skin prick tests to both neat and 1 : 10 patent blue V with one subject showing a positive reaction to the higher concentration only. On the basis of our experience of patent blue V allergy, we propose a diagnostic protocol that can be safely and reliably utilised in centres equipped for allergy testing.
Studies in Pre-diabetes
Authors: W. P. U. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1952)

MBRM -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IMI& ORA remembered that prothrombin estimations are essential for their control.The possibility of an urgent operation being necessary in a patient on dicoumarol or allied drugs has always been a drawback to their use.This drawback is largely overcome by the use of vitamin Ki.In considering the use of such a potent drug as vitamin K1 it must be remembered that the prompt restoration of the prothrombin to a normal, or near normal, level in a patient requiring the use of anticoagulants will inevitably restore the dangers of thrombo-embolism.Vitamin K1 must therefore be used with caution and only in cases where the danger of severe prothrombin deficiency overrides that of thrombo- embolism.This statement applies to the doses of vitamin K1 used in this report.Further work is in progress with smaller doses of vitamin Ki, which it is hoped will over- come a dangerous prothrombin deficiency that may arise from anticoagulant therapy but will not restore the pro- thrombin to a level where thrombo-embolism is likely.In using large doses of vitamin K1 it must also be remem- bered that the patient may become refractory to anti- coagulants and require much larger doses of the anticoagulant drug after the administration of the vitamin. SummaryIn 18 patients, vitamin K1, in a single oral dose of 500 mg., was completely effective in restoring a safe prothrombin level after a severe and prolonged pro- thrombin deficiency due to such anticoagulant drugs as dicoumarol, tromexan, and phenylindandione.This effect was evident within eight hours, and the action of the vitamin was apparent within four hours.In three cases of frank haemorrhage due to anti- coagulant drugs, an oral dose of vitamin Ki was in itself sufficient to stop bleeding in a matter of hours.I wish to thank Roche Products Ltd. for the generous supplies of the vitamin K, used in this work, and in particular Dr. F.
A Teaching Model for Endorectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy and Drainage of Pararectal Tumors
Authors: D. Bussen, M. Sailer, K. Fuchs, A. Thiede
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

For determination of histology of small solid and microbiology of liquid pararectal tumors there is no other method than endorectal ultrasound-guided biopsy. Also for therapy of abscesses or seromas drainage application is possible. With this technique an operation may be prevented. In awareness of possible complications such as major injury of rectal wall, bleeding, persistent fistula and sepsis, teaching and training in this method is consequently necessary. For a training program a lifelike model of the rectum was developed. It has been used by 780 participants in 20 training courses organized by the Surgical Department of University Hospital Würzburg.
Different Patterns of Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Skin Tests Reactivity in HIV-1-Infected and Non-Infected Children and Adolescentes Immunized with BCG in Central-West Brazil
Authors: N.M.X. Costa, M. Albuquerque, J.B.A. Lins, A.M.R. Visconde, M.M.A. Stefani
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Intrahepatic HCV-Specific CD4+ T cells in chronic HCV-infection are multispecific and produce γ-IFN
Authors: C.A. Schirren, M.C. Jung, T. Worzfeld, J.T. Gerlach, N.H. Gruener, H.M. Diepolder, M. Houghton, G.R. Pape
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Liver function tests: defining what's normal
Authors: Paul Roderick
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma are major worldwide public health problems in countries with endemically high levels of viral hepatitis (B and C). 1 However, even in western countries chronic liver disease is an emerging problem, due not only to viral hepatitis but also to the effects of lifestyle factors such as heavy alcohol consumption and obesity. 2 3 Liver function tests are widely performed blood tests used in patients with suspected liver disease or unexplained illness and in some specific situations such as screening of blood donors.The most widely used tests are those used to detect the aminotransferases-alanine and aspartate-which are associated with hepatocellular injury.Raised concentrations may indicate serious underlying chronic liver disease, recognition of which is important for guiding interventions to modify lifestyle and use of specific therapies such as interferon for hepatitis C to prevent the risk of progression to cirrhosis.The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values are important in assessing the clinical utility of such tests.Normal ranges have been based on distributions from healthy volunteers with two SD above the mean (that is, top 2.5% cut-off) being considered the upper normal range.Aminotransferase concentrations maybe within the normal range in people with chronic liver disease. 4 5There is ongoing debate about whether to lower the normal range to take account of changing lifestyle factors that influence aminotransferase concentrations, particularly obesity, which in Western countries would increase the detection of hepatitis C and alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 6 7 Kim and colleagues have analysed the association between aminotransferase concentrations and mortality from liver disease in a large prospective cohort in Korea. 1 They found that there was a graded increase in risk of mortality from liver disease even within the normal range (20-40 IU/l) compared with the lowest concentrations ( < 20 IU/l) for both sexes.The performance of the test in identifying future risk of mortality from liver disease was maximised by lowering the threshold to about 30 IU/l.They propose identifying a borderline level of aminotransferase of 30-39 IU/l, suggesting that patients in this category should be
Phosphatidic acid signaling mediates lung cytokine expression and lung inflammatory injury after hemorrhage in mice.
Authors: E Abraham, S Bursten, R Shenkar, J Allbee, R Tuder, P Woodson, D M Guidot, G Rice, J W Singer, J E Repine
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Because phosphatidic acid (PA) pathway signaling may mediate many basic reactions involving cytokine-dependent responses, we investigated the effects of CT1501R, a functional inhibitor of the enzyme lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT) which converts lysophosphatidic acid (Lyso-PA) to PA. We found that CT1501R treatment not only prevented hypoxia-induced PA increases and lyso-PA consumption in human neutrophils, but also prevented neutrophil chemotaxis and adherence in vitro, and lung injury and lung neutrophil accumulation in mice subjected to hemorrhage and resuscitation. In addition, CT1501R treatment prevented increases in mRNA levels and protein production of a variety of proinflammatory cytokines in multiple lung cell populations after blood loss and resuscitation. Our results indicate the fundamental role of PA metabolism in the development of acute inflammatory lung injury after blood loss.
Administration of an intravenous perfluorocarbon contrast agent improves echocardiographic determination of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction: comparison with cine magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: W.Gregory Hundley, Ali M Kizilbash, Imran Afridi, Fatima Franco, Ronald M Peshock, Paul A Grayburn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Functional and Epigenetic Studies Reveal Multistep Differentiation and Plasticity of In Vitro-Generated and In Vivo-Derived Follicular T Helper Cells
Authors: Kristina T. Lu, Yuka Kanno, Jennifer L. Cannons, Robin Handon, Paul Bible, Abdel G. Elkahloun, Stacie M. Anderson, Lai Wei, Hongwei Sun, John J. O'Shea, Pamela L. Schwartzberg
Journal: Immunity (2011)
Myocardial relaxation. III. Reoxygenation mechanics in the intact dog heart.
Authors: A S Blaustein, W H Gaasch
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Reoxygenation of hypoxic isolated cardiac muscle results in prolonged duration of contraction-relaxation. To determine whether similar mechanical changes occur in the intact left ventricle (LV), and especially to assess the influence of prolonged relaxation on LV diastolic stiffness, we examined LV pressure transients (micromanometer) and changes in myocardial segment length (ultrasonic transit time) during reoxygenation in 22 anesthetized dogs following 15 minutes of hypoxia (PaO2 = 21 +/- 2 mm Hg). The time constant (T) of LV isovolumic exponential pressure decline was used as an index of myocardial relaxation; LV end-diastolic stiffness was assessed from stiffness constants derived from multiple coordinates of end-diastolic pressure and segment length (volume loading). During reoxygenation, after LV systolic pressure and segment length measurements had returned to control levels, relaxation was prolonged; T increased from a control of 32 +/- 2 to 44 +/- 3 msec at 5 minutes of reoxygenation (P less than 0.01). Prolonged relaxation resulted in a consistent increase in LV early-diastolic pressures. Furthermore, calculated values for LV end-diastolic stiffness increased during reoxygenation when the next beat began less than 3.5 T after maximum negative dP/dt; this condition was present more frequently at a heart rate of 150 beats/min than at 120 beats/min. Thus, rapid correction of acute hypoxia in the dog results in prolonged LV relaxation; prolonged relaxation can influence LV end-diastolic stiffness when relaxation is sufficiently slow and/or when diastole is sufficiently short.
Vacuum termination of pregnancy.
Authors: S C Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1971)

to state "these results do show that both chloral hydrate and dichlorphenazone are unsuitable sedatives for patients on oral anticoagulants" is to draw a conclusion which is not very constructive and may be con- sidered impractical.Ideally, patients on anticoagulant therapy should not receive additional drugs sus- pected of giving rise to these interactions.The patient's condition, however, may be such that night sedation is necessary and not all respond to nitrazepam.In this article it is stated that nitrazepam is thought to be a safe sedative during anticoagulant therapy.Only a brief mention is made of barbiturates, although these have been shown to be the most consistent of all the interacting drugs.'Chloral hydrate has been used as an hypnotic for 102 years and has been particularly useful in the very old and the very ill.Knowing that interactions occur and that they may be unpredictable, careful monitor- ing of the prothrombin time is essential.This will prevent mishaps without limiting the physician's choice of treatment.-Iam, etc.,
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) regulates hepatic lipogenesis, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, and the secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins
Authors: Wei Qiu, Lisa Federico, Mark Naples, Rita Kohen Avramoglu, Reza Meshkani, Jing Zhang, Julie Tsai, Mahmood Hussain, Kezhi Dai, Jahangir Iqbal, Christopher D. Kontos, Yasuo Horie, Akira Suzuki, Khosrow Adeli
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Hepatic apolipoprotein B (apoB) lipoprotein production is metabolically regulated via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; however, the role of the key negative regulator of this pathway, the tumor suppressor phosphatase with tensin homology (PTEN), is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that hepatic protein levels of apoB100 and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) are significantly down-regulated (73% and 36%, respectively) in the liver of PTEN liver-specific knockout (KO) mice, and this is accompanied by increased triglyceride (TG) accumulation and lipogenic gene expression, and reduced hepatic apoB secretion in freshly isolated hepatocytes. MTP protein mass and lipid transfer activity were also significantly reduced in liver of PTEN KO mice. Overexpression of the dominant negative mutant PTEN C/S124 (adenovirus expressing PTEN C/S mutant [AdPTENC/S]) possessing constitutive phospoinositide 3-kinase activity in HepG2 cells led to significant reductions in both secreted apoB100 and cellular MTP mass (76% and 34%, respectively), and increased messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Reduced apoB100 secretion induced by AdPTENC/S was associated with increased degradation of newly-synthesized cellular apoB100, in a lactacystin-sensitive manner, suggesting enhanced proteasomal degradation. AdPTENC/S also reduced apoB-lipoprotein production in McA-RH7777 and primary hamster hepatocytes. Our findings suggest a link between PTEN expression and hepatic production of apoB-containing lipoproteins. We postulate that perturbations in PTEN not only may influence hepatic insulin signaling and hepatic lipogenesis, but also may alter hepatic apoB-lipoprotein production and the MTP stability. On loss of PTEN activity, increased lipid substrate availability in the face of reduced hepatic lipoprotein production capacity can rapidly lead to hepatosteatosis and fatty liver.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORONARY MICRO- AND MACROVASCULAR MEASURES IN WOMEN WITH CHEST PAIN WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: AN ANCILLARY SUBSTUDY FROM THE NHBLI-SPONSORED WOMEN'S ISCHEMIA SYNDROME EVALUATION (WISE)
Authors: R. David Anderson, B. Delia Johnson, Eileen M. Handberg, Karen Smith, Barry Sharaf, Steven E. Reis, Steven J. Nicholls, Steven E. Nissen, George Sopko, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Carl J. Pepine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effect of temperature change on the permeability of eel rete capillaries.
Authors: E A Rasio, M Bendayan, C A Goresky
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The changes in the permeability properties of the rete capillaries of the eel in response to temperature shifts were studied during countercurrent perfusion at constant flow and pressure. Tracers and oxygen were added to the arterial perfusate. From the ratio of end concentrations of arterial to venous capillaries divided by surface area, calculated from rete weight, a value for the ratio of permeability to flow, P/F, with dimensions in centimeters-2 was estimated. Because flow and surface area are constant, this provides an index of how permeability varies with time. A group of paracellular (albumin, sucrose, and sodium) and cellular (antipyrine, water, and oxygen) probes were used. When the temperature of the perfusate was raised abruptly from 25 degrees C to 35 degrees C, P/F values rose continuously and irreversibly from 0.042 +/- 0.009 to 0.281 +/- 0.112 cm-2 (mean +/- SEM) for 125I-albumin, from 0.082 +/- 0.006 to 1.74 +/- 0.070 cm-2 for [14C]sucrose, and from 0.32 +/- 0.06 to 2.78 +/- 0.62 cm-2 for 22Na, whereas they were not modified for [14C]antipyrine, [3H]water, and O2. Gradual increase of temperature was accompanied by a smaller rise in sucrose and sodium permeability and no change in albumin permeability; with decrease, the change was reversible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Erythropoietin is a potent physiologic stimulus for endothelial progenitor cell mobilization
Authors: Christopher Heeschen, Alexandra Aicher, Ralf Lehmann, Stephan Fichtlscherer, Mariuca Vasa, Carmen Urbich, Christiane Mildner-Rihm, Hans Martin, Andreas M. Zeiher, Stefanie Dimmeler
Journal: Blood (2003)
Energy dose for intra-operative biphasic-shock direct defibrillation
Authors: Birgit Schwarz, Andrew Bowdle, Kimble Jett, Peter Mair, Karl H. Lindner, Gabreal S. Aldea, Robert Lazzara, Sharon G. O'Grady, Paul W. Schmitt, Robert G. Walker, Willis A. Tacker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
466. Long-Term Rapamycin Control of Transgene Expression in Mouse Salivary Glands in a Single AAV Vector
Authors: Jianghua Wang, Antonis Voutetakis, Milton Papa, Victor M. Rivera, Tim Clackson, Beatrijs M. Lodde, Fumi Mineshiba, Bruce J. Baum
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background: Salivary glands are a promising gene transfer platform for secretory therapeutic protein delivery (Baum et al., Trends Mol Med 2004; Zufferey and Aebischer, Gene Ther 2004). For ideal clinical application, therapeutic protein levels need to be controlled. We have shown, as proof-of-concept, that the rapamycin-inducible dimerizer system can regulate transgene expression from salivary glands after delivery with adenoviral vectors (Wang et al., Gene Ther 2004). To achieve long-term transgene expression from salivary glands, we have used serotype 2 adeno-associated viral (AAV2) vectors (Voutetakis et al., PNAS 2004).
Increased Accumulation of Tc-99m MIBI in Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Tumor and Its Metastatic Lung Lesions
Authors: BIRAY CANCER, MEHMET KITAPCI, G??NAYDIN ERBENGI, TALAT G??GUS, COSKUN BEKDIK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

The authors report a case of undifferentiated mesenchymal tumor in which a Tc-99m MIBI scan demonstrated increased accumulation in the primary site but not in the necrotic areas. Metastatic lung lesions of the tumor were also clearly demonstrated. Thus, they conclude that Tc-99m MIBI can be used to detect and locate a mesenchymal tumor and to assess its viability.
"A New Operative Method for Exposing the Seminal Vesicles and Prostate for Extirpation"—A Reply.
Authors: Eugene Fuller
Journal: JAMA (1901)

New York City, June 29, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am very sorry that Dr. Pyle in his letter in the issue of June 15, questioning my claim to originality with reference to the above operative procedure which appeared inThe Journalof May 4, did not incorporate my reply to the letter he had previously sent me on the subject; had he done so I should not now have occasion to continue the correspondence. On May 24, I received the following communication from Dr. Pyle: [Copy] "Toledo, Ohio, May 23, 1901. "Dr. Eugene Fuller, New York: <h3>"Dear Doctor:</h3> —I have had the pleasure of reading your article inThe Journalof the A. M. A., upon a supposed "New Method" of removing the prostate gland, etc. I am somewhat surprised to see from New York sources so many slight modifications of the same operation which I performed and fully