tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Norman Montague Bleehen
Authors: Stanley S Bleehen
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Norman Montague Bleehen was the first Cancer Research Campaign professor of clinical oncology in the University of Cambridge. His department was particularly involved with studies on the treatment of lung cancer and brain tumours. His reputation as a clinician, researcher, and educator was recognised both nationally and internationally. The excellence of his department laid the foundations for the major investment in Cambridge for research on cancer and the establishment of the new cancer institute.

Norman was born in Manchester in 1930. Both parents were from Orthodox rabbinical families and were descended from a long line of rabbinical scholars. Academic learning and excellence were prized within the family as well as service to the community.

He was educated at Haberdashers’ Aske’s Hampstead School and in 1947 was awarded a state scholarship to Exeter College, Oxford, to read medicine. After his BA he held an MRC studentship for which he was awarded a BSc and the Gotch memorial medal and prize. He then went to the Middlesex Hospital Medical School on an entrance scholarship. Following house officer appointments at the …
DYSSYNCHRONY AND THE RISK OF VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN THE MADIT-CRT TRIAL
Authors: Valentina Kutyifa, Michal Gibinski, Anne-Catherine Pouleur, Dorit Knappe, Paul Wang, Amin Al-Ahmad, Scott McNitt, Wojciech Zareba, Scott Solomon, Arthur J. Moss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
TWO CASES OF INTRACRANIAL COMPLICATION OF ACUTE EAR DISEASE
Authors: P. Macdonald, J. Acomb
Journal: BMJ (1922)

THnr BaLs 4.58 i9f2i JOURNAS~_ with deep, pain in the perineum, pain on defaecation, and perhaps pain in the sacrum, testicle, or hlip-joint.In vesical tumlnour there may be paiin due to cystitis, blood clot blocking the urethra, ureteric obstructioin, or pressure upon nerves.The pain may at first be unilateral, pointing to. the growth being on the corresponding side of thle bladder.In carcinoma of the prostate tlle pain, whiclh is unconnected witlh micturi- tion or movemnent, is usually a constant dull ache, but is sometimes severe and lancinating.It may be referred to the suprapubic region, uretlhra, perineum, hip-joints, thigls, testicles, etc., and is liable to be mistaken for sciatica.Patients may complain of agonizing pain in the bladder, perineum, etc., aud of otlher symptomiis for wlliclh no adequate explanation can be found; but before diagnosing the condition as neurotic careful searcll must be made for an organic cause, and conmmencing spinal disease must not be forgotten.
Ultrasound and Diagnosis of Hydrops of the Gallbladder-Reply
Authors: Prem C. Chandnani
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In the article in question, two diagrams (the transverse tomogram and the longitudinal tomogram) are provided. The longitudinal tomogram shows the length of the gallbladder, which measures 7.5 cm. The transverse diameter measures 7 cm, and the vertical anteroposterior diameter measures 4 cm. Thus, the gallbladder has a length of 7.5 cm, a breadth of 7 cm, and an anteroposterior diameter of 4 cm. The volume would be calculated at 170 cc. The ultrasound clearly shows one stone, whereas at surgery two stones were found, each measuring 1.5×1.5×1.5 cm in size. One of the stones was in the ampulla of the gallbladder obstructing the flow of bile. This may account for nonvisualization of this stone on the ultrasound. At surgery, the surgeon described the gallbladder as huge, distended, and greenish in color, about 8 cm in diameter, and slightly edematous. The gallbladder wall was only slightly edematous but
"Short report" staffing in practice: five years' experience of a consultant based service in obstetrics and neonatal paediatrics.
Authors: M J Hare, R N Miles, C R Lattimore, J P Southern
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Recent government plans include the concept of a core of doctors of intermediate grade providing 24 hour emergency cover in hospital departments. Hinchingbrooke Hospital has, since its opening in 1983, been run on a two tier basis, with consultants and a part time senior registrar supported only by senior house officers in their first post, usually on general practice vocational training schemes. With a planned rate of around 2000 deliveries per year all high risk obstetric and neonatal paediatric procedures, including ventilation of very small babies, have been carried out within the hospital. A study of the first five complete years of operation of the obstetric and paediatric departments showed that the perinatal mortality rate was low (hospital rate 4.7/1000 in 9149 deliveries during 1984-8 v district rate 5.1/1000 during 1986-8), and patient satisfaction seemed to be high. In a separate prospective study of out of hours work performed by consultants in paediatrics (four weeks) and obstetrics (20 days) three consultants in paediatrics spent 71 hours working out of hours; for the obstetricians, of the 56 request for advice and 38 interventions, only five and six respectively occurred between midnight and 9 am. Although successful at this hospital, the two tier system would be expensive under the Royal College of Obstetricians' guidelines of one consultant to a maximum of 500 deliveries. An equal mixture of two tier and three tier systems might be the best solution for patient care and training of junior doctors.
The Prosthetic Heart Valve and Computer Graphics
Authors: Harvey Greenfield
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A digital computer has been used to study the pattern of blood flow around artificial heart valves so that better ones may be designed. The complicated equations associated with circulatory studies are competently handled, and the use of a display screen allows visual representation of the flow pattern through the valves. We have found that the ball-type heart valve has turbulent flow which is more evenly distributed about the occluder than the disk type. However, the former has greater vortex formation distal to the occluder. The same computer techniques applied to the study of branching vessels show vortex positioning at the exact sites of predilection for atherosclerotic plaque formation, thus providing further evidence that vorticity trauma to the intima contributes to the development of atherosclerosis.
ABSTRACT OF AN ADDRESS,Delivered at the opening of the Twenty-second Annual Meeting of the Medical Society of the State of California, April, 1892.
Authors: O. O. BURGESS
Journal: JAMA (1892)

VALUE OF MEDICAL SOCIETIES. With the rapid advancement of medical science— due largely to the labor and experience of specialists in its various departments—the value and importance of society proceedings are becoming better and better appreciated and understood. In this connection it is gratifying to see how we, in this distant State, are keeping abreast of our more favored fellow-workers in and near the great medical centres of the East. Activity, intelligence, close observation and hard study are factors in our society work which are certain to make themselves felt, and which are sure elements of success. ADVERTISING. They who contribute most of valuable material to society proceedings are contributing most to their own professional honor and success. They are advertising their knowledge and ability to the profession; and every medical man knows and feels the value of the respect and good will of his professional brethren. He who would
Effect of chronic alcohol intake on hepatic fibrosis and granulomas in marine schistosomiasis mansoni
Authors: Hector Orrego, Yedy Israel, Ian R. Crossley, Adel A. F. Mahmoud, Pierre A. Peters, George Varghese, Ian R. Wanless
Journal: Hepatology (1981)

In consideration of the vast prevalence of schistosomiasis and heavy alcohol consumption in many parts of the world, the possibility of an interaction between these two conditions inducing liver disease was studied in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Alcohol consumption significantly reduced by 25% the mean granuloma diameter and by about 60% the extent of fibrous tissue deposition determined chemically as hydroxyproline. DNA, as an expression of the inflammatory and cellular components of the granulomatous reaction in the infected animals, was also significantly reduced by alcohol consumption. These results indicate the need for epidemiological studies in the clinical manifestations and course of schistosomiasis in human alcoholics.
Eosinophils express interleukin 5 and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor mRNA at sites of allergic inflammation in asthmatics.
Authors: D H Broide, M M Paine, G S Firestein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

IL-5 and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are important regulators of eosinophil survival, proliferation, and effector function. To determine whether IL-5 and/or GM-CSF are generated by eosinophils at sites of allergic inflammation, we have used in situ hybridization with 35S-labeled RNA probes to study the expression of IL-5 and GM-CSF mRNA in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophils derived from asthmatics (n = 5) before and after endobronchial allergen challenge. Endobronchial allergen challenge induced a significant airway eosinophilia (pre-allergen challenge 0.6 +/- 0.5% eosinophilia vs post-allergen challenge 48.2 +/- 25.6% eosinophilia). Post-allergen challenge eosinophils expressed IL-5 and GM-CSF mRNA, but did not express IL-1 beta or IL-2 mRNA. To determine whether the IL-5 mRNA-positive cells coexpressed GM-CSF mRNA, double mRNA labeling experiments with a digoxigenin-11-UTP nonradioactive labeled IL-5 RNA probe and a GM-CSF 35S-labeled RNA probe were performed. These studies demonstrated that individual eosinophils expressed one of four cytokine mRNA profiles (IL-5+, GM-CSF+, 34 +/- 13%; IL-5+, GM-CSF-, 34 +/- 5%; IL-5-, GM-CSF+, 11 +/- 9%; IL-5-, GM-CSF-, 21 +/- 25%). The expression of IL-5 and GM-CSF by eosinophils at sites of allergic inflammation in asthmatics may provide an important autocrine pathway, maintaining the viability and effector function of the recruited eosinophils.
Effect of preventive primary care outreach on health related quality of life among older adults at risk of functional decline: randomised controlled trial
Authors: J. Ploeg, K. Brazil, B. Hutchison, J. Kaczorowski, D. M. Dalby, C. H. Goldsmith, W. Furlong
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the impact of a provider initiated primary care outreach intervention compared with usual care among older adults at risk of functional decline. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Patients enrolled with 35 family physicians in five primary care networks in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. <b>Participants</b> Patients were eligible if they were 75 years of age or older and were not receiving home care services. Of 3166 potentially eligible patients, 2662 (84%) completed the validated postal questionnaire used to determine risk of functional decline. Of 1724 patients who met the risk criteria, 769 (45%) agreed to participate and 719 were randomised. <b>Intervention</b> The 12 month intervention, provided by experienced home care nurses in 2004-6, consisted of a comprehensive initial assessment using the resident assessment instrument for home care; collaborative care planning with patients, their families, and family physicians; health promotion; and referral to community health and social support services. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Quality adjusted life years (QALYs), use and costs of health and social services, functional status, self rated health, and mortality. <b>Results</b> The mean difference in QALYs between intervention and control patients during the study period was not statistically significant (0.017, 95% confidence interval −0.022 to 0.056; P=0.388). The mean difference in overall cost of prescription drugs and services between the intervention and control groups was not statistically significant, (−$C165 (£107; €118; $162), 95% confidence interval −$C16 545 to $C16 214; P=0.984). Changes over 12 months in functional status and self rated health were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups. Ten patients died in each group. <b>Conclusions</b> The results of this study do not support adoption of this preventive primary care intervention for this target population of high risk older adults. <b>Trial registration</b> Clinical trials NCT00134836.
Challenges in Outpatient End-of-Life Care: Wishes to Avoid Resuscitation
Authors: Jessica P. Hwang, Martin L. Smith, Anne L. Flamm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Ms P. was a 69-year-old woman with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and progressive compression of her airway, despite chemoradiotherapy. She had recently been admitted to the hospital for worsening respiratory distress. Her physician, after discussing her poor prognosis with her, referred her to inpatient hospice. She completed a Living Will directing comfort care only in the event of terminal or irreversible illness. Her physician wrote a do not resuscitate (DNR) order after discussing with her that she was unlikely to survive to hospital discharge if she had to be resuscitated after a cardiac arrest. Both the Living Will and DNR order were placed in her medical record. Two days later, Ms P. was discharged to an inpatient hospice. One week later, because of the scarcity of local inpatient hospice beds, Ms P. was discharged to continue hospice care at home. A few weeks later, while she was home, Ms P. became increasingly short of breath. Her family called 911. On their arrival, the emergency medical technicians (EMTs) noted that Ms P. was in respiratory distress. Shortly thereafter, she became apneic and pulseless. The EMTs intubated Ms P. and initiated chest compressions. Fifteen minutes later, Ms P. arrived in the emergency center (EC) in ventricular fibrillation. EC staff administered defibrillation and continued resuscitative efforts. Ten minutes later, the inpatient DNR order from the previous hospital admission was verified. The EC physician contacted Ms P.’s primary physician, who confirmed that the DNR order should be honored. Resuscitative efforts were discontinued, and Ms P. died. The EMTs’ chart note stated, “Family reported patient was DNR at home, but they didn’t have any paperwork.”
Health Behaviors, Medical Care, and Interventions to Promote Healthy Living in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Cohort
Authors: Paul C. Nathan, Jennifer S. Ford, Tara O. Henderson, Melissa M. Hudson, Karen M. Emmons, Jacqueline N. Casillas, E. Anne Lown, Kirsten K. Ness, Kevin C. Oeffinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Childhood cancer survivors are at risk for medical and psychosocial late effects as a result of their cancer and its therapy. Promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviors and provision of regular risk-based medical care and surveillance may modify the evolution of these late effects. This manuscript summarizes publications from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) that have examined health behaviors, risk-based health care, and interventions to promote healthy lifestyle practices. Long-term survivors use tobacco and alcohol and have inactive lifestyles at higher rates than is ideal given their increased risk of cardiac, pulmonary, and metabolic late effects. Nearly 90% of survivors report receiving some form of medical care. However, only 18% report medical visits related to their prior cancer that include discussion or ordering of screening tests or counseling on how to reduce the specific risks arising from their cancer. One low-cost, peer-driven intervention trial has been successful in improving smoking cessation within the CCSS cohort. On the basis of data from CCSS investigations, several trials to promote improved medical surveillance among high-risk groups within the cohort are underway. Despite their long-term risks, many survivors of childhood cancer engage in risky health behaviors and do not receive adequate risk-based medical care.
Effects Of Short-chain Galacto- And Long-chain Fructo-oligosaccharides On Systemic And Local Immune Status During Pregnancy
Authors: J. Garssen, A. Hogenkamp, N. van Vlies, S. Thijssen, G.M. Dingjan, K. Knipping, L. Knippels
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
P572 INSULIN USE IS RELATED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AT YOUNGER AGE WITH NON-VIRAL ETIOLOGY
Authors: R. Tateishi, T. Okanoue, K. Okita, K. Kiyosawa, M. Omata, H. Kumada, N. Hayashi, K. Koike
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Authors: Sigurds Janners
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I heartily agree with the editorial comment (225:1372,1973) on Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). Prevention at the personal level is relatively easy and successful. The inspection of the body after a foray afield, with removal of ticks, is effective since ticks require several hours of attachment before reactivation and transmission of the rickettsiae occurs. However, the use of a lighted match to remove ticks usually results in burned fingers and skin and may leave behind the all important tick mouthpiece. It seems far better to remove ticks by simple traction at the headpiece with a pair of forceps. Deticking of pets is equally important. Hattwick et al point out that "most exposures occurred at home" and most of these were associated with close contact with dogs (225: 1338, 1973). Vaccination may well have a place in rural Virginia and North Carolina where the incidence of RMSF runs
Chunging
Authors: George Thorngate
Journal: JAMA (1984)

At one time, I was a medical missionary in China. I was stationed in a small country hospital up the Yangtze River. One of our projects was to try to persuade the country people to come to our sanitary, well-equipped, up-to-date hospital, especially for childbirth. One of the more modern families in the town decided to send their daughter-in-law to the hospital to have her first child. She was very cooperative, but when she went into labor her progress was slow. After a considerable time, I put on the forceps (they were in vogue at the time) but I could not budge the baby's head. I called on an associate who had delivered many babies in China. The two of us used every trick we could think of, but the baby wouldn't come forth. I approached the family humbly and said, "We'll have to do a cesarean section." "Not by
Plasma Magnesium Concentration in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: R. A. L. Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1970)

The plasma magnesium concentration has been determined in 73 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In most patients it lay within the normal range (1·7-2·3 mg./100 ml.), but in five it was less than 1·6 mg./100 ml. These patients had relatively high urinary magnesium outputs, and one of them, studied in greater detail, failed to retain parenterally administered magnesium. Hence hypomagnesaemia in hyperparathyroidism may be associated with a defect in renal magnesium conservation, which may be reversible.
Chloroquine induced involuntary movements.
Authors: E M Umez-Eronini, E A Eronini
Journal: BMJ (1977)

all cereals, milk having been taken with all.Milk drinking at breakfast was a little less rare among patients with Crohn's disease, but it was still unusual.Apart from the absence of an obvious common factor, the observed association of Crohn's disease with cornflake eating is so strong as to make it unlikely to be indirect.The weaker asso- ciation of the other cereals with Crohn's disease may adequately be explained by the correlation of habits shown in table III.Wheat and bran eating would thus be linked with Crohn's disease secondarily through their association with cornflake eating.The association of porridge and of rice eating with corn- flake eating, though significant, are not strong enough to bring these habits, too, into association with Crohn's disease.
Closing the Policy-Practice Gap in the Management of Child Contacts of Tuberculosis Cases in Developing Countries
Authors: Philip C. Hill, Merrin E. Rutherford, Rick Audas, Reinout van Crevel, Stephen M. Graham
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Philip Campbell Hill and colleagues propose using a health needs assessment framework, research tools, and a strategy for clinical evaluation to help better manage child contacts of adult TB cases.
Is the self-organizing consciousness framework compatible with human deductive reasoning?
Authors: Pierre Barrouillet, Henry Markovits
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

As stressed by Perruchet &amp; Vinter, the SOC model echoes Johnson-Laird's mental model theory. Indeed, the latter rejects rule-based processing and assumes that reasoning is achieved through the manipulation of conscious representations. However, the mental model theory as well as its modified versions resorts to the abstraction of complex schemas and some form of implicit logic that seems incompatible with the SOC approach.
Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Rainer A. Leitgeb, René M. Werkmeister, Cedric Blatter, Leopold Schmetterer
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2014)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has revolutionized ophthalmology. Since its introduction in the early 1990s it has continuously improved in terms of speed, resolution and sensitivity. The technique has also seen a variety of extensions aiming to assess functional aspects of the tissue in addition to morphology. One of these approaches is Doppler OCT (DOCT), which aims to visualize and quantify blood flow. Such extensions were already implemented in time domain systems, but have gained importance with the introduction of Fourier domain OCT. Nowadays phase-sensitive detection techniques are most widely used to extract blood velocity and blood flow from tissues. A common problem with the technique is that the Doppler angle is not known and several approaches have been realized to obtain absolute velocity and flow data from the retina. Additional studies are required to elucidate which of these techniques is most promising. In the recent years, however, several groups have shown that data can be obtained with high validity and reproducibility. In addition, several groups have published values for total retinal blood flow. Another promising application relates to non-invasive angiography. As compared to standard techniques such as fluorescein and indocyanine-green angiography the technique offers two major advantages: no dye is required and depth resolution is required is provided. As such Doppler OCT has the potential to improve our abilities to diagnose and monitor ocular vascular diseases.
Whole-exome sequencing of polycythemia vera revealed novel driver genes and somatic mutation shared by T cells and granulocytes
Authors: L Wang, S I Swierczek, J Drummond, K Hickman, SJ Kim, K Walker, H Doddapaneni, D M Muzny, R A Gibbs, D A Wheeler, J T Prchal
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Incremental encoding and incremental articulation in speech production: Evidence based on response latency and initial segment duration
Authors: Alan H. Kawamoto
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

The weaver++ model discussed by Levelt et al. assumes incremental encoding and articulation following complete encoding. However, many of the response latency results can also be accounted for by assuming incremental articulation. Another temporal variable, initial segment duration, can distinguish weaver++'s incremental encoding account from the incremental articulation account.