tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thallium-201 Scintigraphy of Myxofibrosarcoma
Authors: Yu-Chin Wu, Te-Chun Hsieh, Chia-Hung Kao, Ching-Yun Hsieh, Tze-Yi Lin, Chih-Hsiu Wang, Yu-Yi Lin, Kuo-Yang Yen, Shung-Shung Sun
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Soft tissue sarcomas are uncommon tumors. Accurate pretreatment evaluation plays an important role in treating Soft tissue sarcomas. The growth rate and relative recurrence rate of soft tissue sarcomas varies with the aggressiveness of the tumor. A 67-year-old man was diagnosed with atypical fibroxanthoma in the right lower leg, which subsequently recurred, after resection, as a myxofibrosarcoma and metastatic lymph nodes in the right lower pelvis and right groin. Close follow-up with appropriate functional imaging (such as thallium-201 scintigraphy and FDG PET) may aid in the early detection of malignant transformation and metastatic disease.
Attenuation of Compensation of Endogenous Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide System in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Takayoshi Tsutamoto, Atsuyuki Wada, Keiko Maeda, Tomoko Hisanaga, Yukiharu Maeda, Daisuke Fukai, Masato Ohnishi, Yoshihisa Sugimoto, Masahiko Kinoshita
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) have high plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), mainly from the atrium, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), mainly from the ventricle. We examined the prognostic role of plasma BNP in chronic CHF patients in comparison with plasma ANP and other variables previously known to be associated with high mortality. We also evaluated the relationship between mortality and plasma cGMP, a biological marker of ANP and BNP. Methods and Results The study subjects were 85 patients with chronic CHF (left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;0.45) who were followed for 2 years. The plasma levels of ANP, BNP, cGMP, and norepinephrine increased with the severity of CHF. Among plasma levels of ANP, BNP, cGMP, and norepinephrine and clinical and hemodynamic parameters, only high levels of plasma BNP ( P &lt;.0001) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ( P =.003) were significant independent predictors of the mortality in patients with CHF by Cox proportional hazard analysis. Although plasma levels of ANP and BNP were threefold or fivefold higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors, there was no difference in plasma cGMP level between nonsurvivors and survivors. Conclusions These findings indicate that plasma BNP is more useful than ANP for assessing the mortality in patients with chronic CHF and that the plasma levels of BNP provide prognostic information independent of other variables previously associated with a poor prognosis. Our findings also suggest that the compensatory activity of the cardiac natriuretic peptide system is attenuated as mortality increases in chronic CHF patients with high plasma levels of ANP and BNP.
Proteome analysis of rat hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Dan Bach Kristensen, Norifumi Kawada, Kunihiko Imamura, Yuka Miyamoto, Chise Tateno, Shuichi Seki, Tetsuo Kuroki, Katsutoshi Yoshizato
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Proteome analysis was performed on cellular and secreted proteins of normal (quiescent) and activated rat hepatic stellate cells. The stellate cells were activated either in vitro by cultivating quiescent stellate cells for 9 days or in vivo by injecting rats with carbon tetrachloride for 8 weeks. A total of 43 proteins/polypeptides were identified, which altered their expression levels when the cells were activated in vivo and/or in vitro . Twenty-seven of them showed similar changes in vivo and in vitro , including up-regulated proteins such as calcyclin, calgizzarin, and galectin-1 as well as down-regulated proteins such as liver carboxylesterase 10 and serine protease inhibitor 3. Sixteen of them showed different expression levels between in vivo and in vitro activated stellate cells. These results were reproducibly obtained in 3 independent experiments. The up-regulation of calcyclin, calgizzarin, and galectin-1, as well as the down-regulation of liver carboxylesterase 10 were directly confirmed in fibrotic liver tissues. Northern blots confirmed up-regulation of the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of calcyclin, calgizzarin, and galectin-1 in activated stellate cells, indicating that these changes were controlled at the mRNA level. In addition a list compiling over 150 stellate cell proteins is presented. The data presented here thus provide a significant new protein-level insight into the activation of hepatic stellate cells, a key event in liver fibrogenesis.
In-111 Monoclonal Antibody Versus Ga-67 Citrate and Tc-99m SC Subtraction in a Patient With Malignant Melanoma
Authors: HAROLD A. BRADFIELD, W. NEWLON TAUXE, GEOFFREY LEVINE, JOHN M. KIRKWOOD, HERBERT KLEIN, TERUHITO MOCHIZUKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Galllum-67 Is routinely used for follow-up of patients with malignant melanoma. However, its nonspecificity for melanoma and its high rate of false-positive results have always been a matter of concern. The authors describe a patient who encountered serious problems with the use of gallium. Because gallium is taken up well by the liver and by melanoma, results of gallium scintigraphy of the liver may appear normal even if there is metastatic disease. In this patient, results of gallium scintigraphy of the liver were negative for metastasis but revealed extrahepatic foci detected by the monoclonal antibody. Computed tomography showed areas of attenuation, revealing only a few intrahepatic tumors and no extrahepatic disease. Tc-99m SC revealed intrahepatic metastases, but no extra-hepatic metastases were seen. A monoclonal antibody (ZME-018) scintigram did reveal hepatic metastases along with probable small, extrahepatic, metastatic foci. Overall hepatic uptake of the monoclonal antibody was relatively low. An image subtraction algorithm was devised whereby the sulfur colloid image was subtracted from the gallium scintigram. The resultant image revealed both the intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastases seen on the ZME-018 Images. It is likely that in the past many hepatic metastases have been missed because Tc-99m SC images have not been routinely used as part of melanoma management protocols. The uptake of the ZME-018 by the tumor was significantly higher than that of the normal liver, suggesting that ZME-018 labeled with the appropriate emitter may be an effective specific therapeutic tool in selected patients.
Risk for Colorectal Cancer after Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: David S. Weinberg, Craig J. Newschaffer, Allan Topham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Studies have suggested that women with previous diagnoses of gynecologic cancer (cervical, endometrial, or ovarian) have an increased risk for colorectal cancer.To quantify risk for colorectal cancer after gynecologic cancer, both overall and for subgroups defined by age at diagnosis, cancer stage at diagnosis, ethnicity, and duration of follow-up.Retrospective cohort analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database from 1974 through 1995.U.S. cancer registry.21,222 patients with cervical cancer, 51,680 patients with endometrial cancer, and 28,832 patients with ovarian cancer.Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for each gynecologic cancer site and for subgroups to represent the relative risk for colorectal cancer in women with previously diagnosed gynecologic cancer compared with women without gynecologic cancer. Poisson regression methods adjusting simultaneously for all study variables were used to estimate relative risks for colorectal cancer across subgroups with each gynecologic cancer.Overall, risk for colorectal cancer was elevated among women with previous ovarian cancer (SIR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.21 to 1.53]). Risk was greatest in women who received a diagnosis before 50 years of age (SIR, 3.67 [CI, 2.74 to 4.80]) but was also elevated in women who received a diagnosis between 50 and 64 years of age (SIR, 1.52 [CI, 1.25 to 1.83]). The risk for colorectal cancer after endometrial cancer was also elevated substantially if endometrial cancer was diagnosed before the age of 50 (SIR, 3.39 [CI, 2.73 to 4.17]). No apparent risk elevation was associated with previous cervical cancer.Previous endometrial or ovarian cancer, particularly when diagnosed at an early age, increases subsequent risk for colorectal cancer. Greater emphasis on colorectal cancer screening in these populations may be necessary.
Treatment of Cancer Pain With Orally Administered Medications
Authors: Charles G. Moertel
Journal: JAMA (1980)

RELIEF of pain is the salient and most overriding responsibility of the physician caring for the patient with incurable cancer. Although inevitability of death can be emotionally accepted by most patients and their families, they will not accept the prospect of death in pain, nor should they. The single most reassuring action of the physician as he assumes the care of a patient with advanced cancer is the promise that the patient will not be allowed to suffer unbearable pain. This is a promise that can be kept through the skillful and knowledgeable use of tools readily available to us. Before selecting nonspecific pain management, other therapeutic alternatives should be weighed. These could include palliative resection of primary or metastatic neoplasm when pain-producing lesions are amenable to surgical removal or bypass and when the anticipated longevity of the patient indicates that a reasonable period of palliation can be anticipated. Radiation
Hospital Care in Later Life Among Former World-Class Finnish Athletes
Authors: Urho M. Kujala
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To investigate the use of hospital care from all causes among former top-level athletes from different vigorous sports to determine whether health benefits or adverse effects have the greater influence.National, population-based cohort study with a 21-year follow-up.Finland.A total of 2049 male athletes who had represented Finland during 1920 to 1965, and 1403 male controls classified healthy at 20 years of age.In-hospital care from all causes was extracted from the national hospital discharge registry for the period 1970 through 1990 expressed as hospital days per person-years of exposure.Compared with controls, the rate ratios (RRs) for all-cause hospital days per person-years of exposure were lower in athletes from endurance sports (RR, 0.71; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 0.70-0.73), mixed sports (including endurance and weight training) (RR, 0.86; 95% Cl, 0.85-0.87), and power sports (RR, 0.95; 95% Cl, 0.94-0.96) (P < .001 for all comparisons) after adjustment for age and occupational group. The lower RR among athletes from endurance sports and other sports involving aerobic activity was largely explained by lower rates of hospital care for heart disease, respiratory disease, and neoplasms, but not for musculoskeletal disorders.Former elite athletes, particularly those in aerobic sports, use less hospital care. Other beneficial health habits are known to be associated with a physically active lifestyle.
Chronic genotype 4 hepatitis C
Authors: Daniel F. Schafer
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

The abstract states that 358 patients were randomized; in the text, the number is 378. The abstract states that 50 patients were randomized into the control group; in the text, the number is 60. In the abstract and text, the sustained virlogical response (SVR) rate in the controls is said to be 58%, but the numbers provided (30 of 50 patients) is 60%. Furthermore, in detailing analyses of responses by early virological response (EVR), only 27 patients had an SVR in the control group, and the remaining patients are reported to be nonresponders. In the results, the authors state that patients with a histologic stage of 0 or 1 at the baseline were "616 times more likely to achieve SVR" than those with later stages. Something is wrong here. This trial demonstrates some of the perils of randomization. All patients were treated in exactly the same manner for the first 12 weeks; yet the EVR rates were different between the two groups: nonresponse occurred in 32% (16 of 50 patients) of the fixed-duration versus 3% (10 of 318 patients) of the variable-duration group. Furthermore, all 10 patients who refused therapy were controls. These significant differences between the two groups were not mentioned or discussed. The authors claim that the "intention-to-treat principle was applied to all statistical analyses," but this is clearly not the case. After randomization, 10 controls were excluded because they refused therapy. Furthermore, SVR rates in the variable group was reported as 68%, a proportion which includes only patients who achieved an EVR. Whereas, the calculated SVR rate in the control group included all treated patients, even those with a non-EVR at 12 weeks. A more accurate representation of the data is given in Table 1. The major conclusion of this paper was that monitoring hepatitis C virus RNA levels and varying the duration of therapy can save resources without sacrificing rates of SVR. The authors used the Blackwelder test to test the noninferiority of the variable-duration approach, stating that equivalence "was defined as SVR percentages within 1%". This degree of accuracy is impossible in a study of this size. The authors claim that the groups were comparable (P = 0.024), but it is unclear how this P value was obtained or what statistical test was used. Table 1 demonstrates no differences in response rates (P = 0.24) and an overall higher response rate with fixed duration of treatment. However, the study was far too small to demonstrate noninferiority. In summary, the failure of randomization to achieve comparable groups in this study renders it impossible to support its conclusions. The lack of consistency in presentation of results and statistical analyses and the numerous errors in addition and division do not build confidence in a careful reader. Daniel F. Schafer M.D.*, * Professor of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
Therapeutic Bilateral Renal Infarction in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: David A. McCarron, Robert J. Rubin, Benjamin A. Barnes, John T. Harrington, Victor G. Millan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Bilateral nephrectomy, which has been performed in patients with end-stage renal disease for a variety of reasons, has a substantial morbidity and an appreciable mortality.1 2 3 We recently used the technic of renal-artery embolization in a patient with malnutrition and recurrent hypovolemia due to severe nephrotic syndrome. Bilateral renal infarction abolished the patient's heavy proteinuria and avoided the surgical risks of bilateral nephrectomy.Case ReportNephrotic syndrome secondary to focal sclerosis developed in a 48-year-old woman in 1968. In January, 1975, chronic hemodialysis was instituted for treatment of end-stage renal disease. After four months of chronic dialysis, the 24-hour urinary protein . . .
Vitamin D receptors in the rheumatoid lesion: expression by chondrocytes, macrophages, and synoviocytes
Authors: L. C Tetlow, S. J Smith, E B. Mawer, D. E Woolley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

<h3>OBJECTIVES</h3> The active form of vitamin D<sub>3</sub>, 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>(1,25D<sub>3</sub>), through its interaction with vitamin D receptors (VDR), is reported to effect a variety of anabolic and catabolic events, especially in bone and cartilage tissues. As cartilage degradation and tissue remodelling are characteristic features of the rheumatoid lesion, the distribution and expression of VDR at sites of cartilage erosion was examined. <h3>METHODS</h3> Immunolocalisation techniques using a rat monoclonal antibody to VDR and an alkaline phosphatase conjugated avidin/biotin detection system were used to examine VDR in 18 specimens of cartilage-pannus junction, 10 specimens of rheumatoid synovium or cartilage tissue, and four primary cultures of adherent rheumatoid synovial cells (RSC). For comparison, VDR expression was examined in 10 specimens of normal, healthy age matched articular cartilage. <h3>RESULTS</h3> VDR was demonstrated in 15 of 18 cartilage-pannus junctions either at the interface (8 of 18), within the pannus tissue (12 of 18), and by chondrocytes often close to the erosive lesion (10 of 18). All the rheumatoid synovial tissue and 5 of 10 cartilage specimens showed cells with positive staining, but the extent of this was variable. Negligible VDR staining was observed for normal cartilage. Primary cultures of RSC also showed variability in both the numbers and proportions of macrophages or synovial fibroblasts stained for VDR (range 10–50%), this being more common in cultures with a high proportion of macrophages. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> VDR expression has been demonstrated by most specimens of cartilage-pannus junction; was associated with various cell types, including chondrocytes, but not exclusively with CD68<sup>+</sup> macrophages. The focal nature of VDR expression within the rheumatoid lesion suggests a contributory role for 1α,25D<sub>3</sub> in the pathophysiological processes of rheumatoid arthritis.
Haze Still Surrounds Green Tobacco Sickness
Authors: S. Ulbrich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Haze Still Surrounds Green Tobacco Sickness Get access Sandra Ulbrich Sandra Ulbrich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 6, 16 March 1994, Pages 419–420, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.6.419 Published: 16 March 1994
Nonmyeloablative conditioning followed by hematopoietic cell allografting and donor lymphocyte infusions for patients with metastatic renal and breast cancer
Authors: Marco Bregni, Anna Dodero, Jacopo Peccatori, Alessandra Pescarollo, Massimo Bernardi, Isabella Sassi, Claudia Voena, Alberto Zaniboni, Claudio Bordignon, Paolo Corradini
Journal: Blood (2002)
In Vivo Characterization of Murine Myocardial Perfusion With Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography
Authors: Michael J. Raher, Hélène Thibault, Kian Keong Poh, Rong Liu, Elkan F. Halpern, Geneviève Derumeaux, Fumito Ichinose, Warren M. Zapol, Kenneth D. Bloch, Michael H. Picard, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— The ability to noninvasively evaluate murine myocardial blood flow (MBF) in vivo would provide an important tool for cardiovascular research. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) has been used to measure MBF; however, it has not been validated in mice. This study assesses whether MCE can evaluate MBF at rest and after vasodilation and measure the maximal augmentation (coronary reserve) of MBF in mice. Wild-type (WT) and nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3)–deficient (NOS3 −/− ) mice were studied. Methods and Results— MCE was performed at baseline and after intravenous infusion of acetylcholine or adenosine. Definity contrast agent was infused, and parasternal views were acquired in real-time mode. Replenishment curves of myocardial contrast were obtained, and rates of signal rise (β) and plateau intensity (A) were calculated. MBF estimated by the product of A and β (Aβ) was compared with that measured with fluorescent microspheres. MCE analysis was feasible in 98% (52/53) of mice. MBF measured by microspheres increased with adenosine and correlated closely with Aβ. There was no difference in MCE-derived MBF between WT and NOS3 −/− mice at rest. Adenosine infusion increased MBF by 3.0±0.6-fold in NOS3 −/− mice and 2.5±0.3-fold in WT ( P =0.58 between genotypes). Acetylcholine induced an increase of 2.4±0.2-fold in MBF in WT mice but did not increase MBF in NOS3 −/− mice ( P &lt;0.0005 versus WT). Conclusions— MBF, coronary reserve, and vasodilator responses can be evaluated accurately in the intact mouse by MCE. This method demonstrated a preserved coronary response to adenosine but an impaired acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in NOS3 −/− mice compared with WT mice.
Putting flesh and polish on autoimmune hepatitis and moving the disease of exclusion to inclusion
Authors: Albert J. Czaja
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Autoimmune hepatitis emerged during an era when concepts of neonatal immune tolerance, clonal selection of lymphocytes, and “forbidden clones” of activated immune cells were forming. The diagnosis had to be deduced from circumstantial evidence and by exclusion of other conditions. The goals of this review are to demonstrate how a clinician nonscientist can contribute to the maturation of autoimmune hepatitis and to illustrate the principles of clinical investigation that can be applied broadly to other projects. Autoimmune hepatitis initially had to be distinguished from other diseases, and improvements in the tests for viral and immune markers were instrumental in this regard. Diversification of the clinical phenotype to accommodate acute severe, asymptomatic, elderly, and variant forms enhanced the pertinence of the disease, and the formation of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group standardized the diagnosis, interconnected investigators, and promoted global acceptance of the condition. Subsequent studies refined current corticosteroid-based therapies, identified prognostic markers, assessed genetic predispositions, explored new pharmacological agents, and forecast the emergence of cellular and molecular interventions. Good fortune, stimulating mentors, career dedication, practical goal selection, protocol compliance, compulsive record keeping, personal resilience, and strong collaborations were the bases for progress. Autoimmune hepatitis exemplifies an evolutionary process in the science of autoimmunity and the people committed to its study. Lessons derived from this experience can be far-reaching. (Hepatology 2010;52:1177-1184)
The Safety and Efficacy of Thrombolysis for Strokes After Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Pooja Khatri, Robert A. Taylor, Vanessa Palumbo, Venkatakrishna Rajajee, Jeffrey M. Katz, Julio A. Chalela, Ann Geers, Joseph Haymore, Daniel M. Kolansky, Scott E. Kasner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Generalized eczema craquele as a presenting feature of adenocarcinoma
Authors: R. GREENWOOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Generalized eczéma craquelé as a presenting feature of adenocarcinoma Get access R. GREENWOOD R. GREENWOOD Department of Dermatology, Bradford Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 109, Issue 2, 1 August 1983, Pages 227–228, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb07085.x Published: 01 August 1983 Article history Accepted: 20 December 1982 Published: 01 August 1983
Biomechanical analysis of sprinting: decathletes versus champions.
Authors: H. Kunz, D. A. Kaufmann
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1981)

The purpose of this study was to compare some biomechanical variables of decathletes and world class sprinters while running the 100 metre race. Sixteen Swiss national decathletes and three world class American sprinters were filmed by a 16 mm Locam (100 fps) camera at the 70 m mark of the race. The co-ordinates for a 26-point stick figure were digitised and then submitted to analysis by a computer programme which produced quantitative data for 12 biomechanical variables. The data indicated that world-class sprinters differed from decathletes in running the 100 m dash by having (1) an optimal combination of a larger stride length and higher stride frequency (2) a smaller thigh angle at contact which shortens the contact time (3) a larger stride landing angle (4) a greater average acceleration of the thigh angle was (5) a larger trunk angle which contributes to a larger trunk/thigh angle. Although other factors such as culture, training, physique and racial differences may influence differences in performance between American world-class sprinters and Swiss decathletes, these data do indicate that biomechanical variables may contribute to differences in 100 m dash performance.