tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Method for Dinitrochlorobenzene Contact Sensitization
Authors: William J. Catalona, Peyton T. Taylor, Alan S. Rabson, Paul B. Chretien
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

To facilitate measurement of cell-mediated immune responses, a method for quantitative clinical evaluation of contact sensitization to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was devised and used in 40 patients with cancer. When a sensitizing dose is applied, the immediate reaction produced expresses a general inflammatory response. Sensitization is expressed by the occurrence of a spontaneous flare seven to 14 days later, or by the reaction to a challenge dose of DNCB. Equivocal reactions require histologic examination. Use of a sensitizing dose of 2000 μg and a relatively weak challenge dose of 50 μg yielded a satisfactory incidence of sensitization with a low proportion of irritative inflammatory reactions.
Abstract 5349: Vesicular stomatitis virus oncolysis is potentiated by impairing mTORC1-dependent type-I IFN production
Authors: Tommy Alain, XueQing Lun, Yvan Martineau, Polen Sean, Bali Pulendran, Emmanuel Petroulakis, Franz Zemp, Chantal G. Lemay, Dominic Roy, John C. Bell, George Thomas, Sara C. Kozma, Peter A. Forsyth, Mauro Costa-Mattioli, Nahum Sonenberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Oncolytic viruses constitute a promising therapy against malignant gliomas (MGs). However, virus-induced type-I interferon (IFN) greatly limits its clinical application. The kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) stimulates type-I IFN production via phosphorylation of its effector proteins, 4E-BPs and S6Ks. Here we show that both mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and mice lacking S6K1 and S6K2, are susceptible to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) infection due to an impaired type-I interferon response. We used this knowledge to employ a pharmacoviral approach to treat MGs. The highly specific inhibitor of mTOR, rapamycin, in combination with an IFN-sensitive VSV-mutant strain (VSVΔM51), dramatically increased the survival of immunocompetent rats bearing MGs. More importantly, VSVΔM51 selectively killed tumor, but not normal cells, in MG-bearing rats, which were treated with rapamycin. These results demonstrate that reducing type-I IFNs through inhibition of mTOR is an effective strategy to augment the therapeutic activity of VSVΔM51. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5349.
Relationship Between Transmural Extent of Necrosis and Quantitative Recovery of Regional Strains After Revascularization
Authors: Bernhard L. Gerber, Julie Darchis, Jean-Benoît le Polain de Waroux, Gabin Legros, Anne-Catherine Pouleur, David Vancraeynest, Agnès Pasquet, Jean-Louis Vanoverschelde
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
The Diagnosis of Alcoholism in a Psychiatric Hospital: A Trial of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST)
Authors: ROBERT A. MOORE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

In this study the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) was given to 400 adult psychiatric inpatients in order to test its capacity for distinguishing between alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients. Thirty percent of the total population—50 percent of the men and 22 percent of the women—scored in the alcoholism range. The correlation with the attending psychiatrists' opinions was 78 percent. Of 128 diagnosed problem drinkers, the test missed only two.
Potential Conflicts of Interest for Academic Medical Center Leaders—Reply
Authors: Timothy S. Anderson, Chester B. Good, Walid F. Gellad
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diabetic Coma with Acute Inflammation of Islets of Langerhans
Authors: Willibald Nagler
Journal: JAMA (1963)

IN 1927, Warren 1 stated that the pathological changes in the pancreas in diabetes during childhood may contribute more to the understanding of the disease than those observed when the disease occurs in later life. In particular, he referred to patients with fulminating diabetes who die in diabetic coma shortly after the onset of the disease.  Cellular infiltration of the islets of Langerhans was mentioned as a very rare occurrence by early investigators of diabetes 2-4 but it was not clearly documented until 1928, when Stansfield and Warren 5 reported two cases of leukocytic infiltration of the islets in children aged 6 yr and 11 yr, who died in diabetic coma.  Is this lesion as rare as the paucity of reports indicates, or is it a more common entity which remains unrecognized?  Report of a Case  A 9-mo-old boy was brought to Kenmore Mercy Hospital because of emesis two or
Management of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Michael A. Brodsky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 September 1994Management of Atrial FibrillationMichael A. Brodsky, Byron J. Allen, and James G. ChunMichael A. BrodskyUniversity of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92668-3298Search for more papers by this author, Byron J. AllenUniversity of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92668-3298Search for more papers by this author, and James G. ChunUniversity of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92668-3298Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-6-199409150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Important miscalculations were made in a recently published Markov decision analysis of atrial fibrillation [1]. In their review comparing warfarin with no treatment, the authors considered randomized, placebo-controlled trials that evaluated intention to treat and all-cause mortality. This was only slightly altered regarding quinidine. When evaluating amiodarone, the authors considered open-label, nonrandomized studies and only looked at drug-associated mortality. Second, Disch and colleagues [1] may have underestimated the amiodarone-associated annual mortality rate at 0.09%. One study acknowledged that amiodarone proarrhythmia was underestimated and reported a 25% incidence of pulmonary fibrosis over 5 years, with a higher incidence ...References1. Disch DL, Greenberg ML, Holzberger PT, Malenka DJ, Birkmeyer JD. Managing chronic atrial fibrillation: a Markov decision analysis comparing warfarin, quinidine, and low-dose amiodarone. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:449-57. Google Scholar2. Herre JM, Sauve MJ, Malone P, Griffin JC, Helmy I, Langberg JJ, et al. Long-term results of amiodarone therapy in patients with recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1989; 13:442-9. Google Scholar3. Rakita L, Sobol SM, Mostow N, Vrobel T. Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity. Am Heart J. 1983; 106:906. Google Scholar4. Brodsky MA, Allen BJ, Walker CJ 3d, Casey TP, Luckett CR, Henry WL. Amiodarone for maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion of atrial fibrillation in the setting of a dilated left atrium. Am J Cardiol. 1987; 60:572-5. Google Scholar5. Herre JM. A proposed trial of atrial fibrillation (Letter). Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:972. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92668-3298 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByShould physicians participate in affirming the best approach to atrial fibrillation management? 15 September 1994Volume 121, Issue 6Page: 466-467KeywordsAtrial fibrillationDeath ratesDecision analysisDrugsIntent to treat analysisMortalityPulmonary fibrosisQuality of lifeResearch laboratories Issue Published: 15 September 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Coronary Angiography
Authors: HAROLD A. BALTAXE, DAVID C. LEVIN
Journal: Circulation (1972)

The history, technic, and complications of coronary angiography have been discussed. Myocardial infarction caused by the procedure occurs in 0.3-0.9% of all cases. Two leading groups report an incidence of 1/1000 to 1/2500 deaths related to the procedure. Angiographic anatomy has been described. Indications for the procedure are: intractable angina in patients with or without a history of myocardial infarction and unexplained left ventricular failure or failure due to a left ventricular aneurysm. Among the debatable indications are: unexplained ECG changes, aortic valve disease, preinfarction patterns, cardiogenic shock, and follow-up angiograms after bypass surgery. If immediate surgery is not contemplated, left ventricular failure and a recent myocardial infarction are contraindication to the procedure. The limitations of the procedure are the radiographic resolution and the inconsistent anatomic pattern of minor vessels.
Growing up in the UK: can we deliver a healthy future for our children?
Authors: J. Baird, A. Mortimore, P. Lucas
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Implementation of the BMA’s recommendations will be challenging 

The health and wellbeing of children growing up in the United Kingdom are worse than is seen for children in most of the UK’s European counterparts.1 In May 2013, the BMA report Growing up in the UK: Ensuring a Healthy Future for our Children set out an ambitious agenda for improving child health and reducing inequalities.2 Central to its message is greater advocacy on behalf of children from all people involved in their care and better representation of the views of children and families.

The report argues powerfully for prevention—a public health approach that acts on risk factors at all levels to deliver a whole population shift. It cites many examples of where this makes compelling economic sense, with early intervention preventing high costs later on. Local authorities, which now have responsibilities for public health leadership, currently face the most challenging budget reductions in living memory. Services are being severely cut back, and all authorities are searching for a sustainable delivery model that protects essential services such as child protection, while allowing for the promotion of health and wellbeing. Clinical commissioning groups and public health teams must lead the way in making the case to preserve and …
Beneficial effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Authors: S Bjorck, G Nyberg, H Mulec, G Granerus, H Herlitz, M Aurell
Journal: BMJ (1986)

The effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with captopril were investigated in patients with diabetic nephropathy and hypertension. After nine days9 treatment with captopril glomerular filtration rate was unchanged in 13 patients, whereas renal plasma flow had increased from 265 to 302 ml/min/1.73 m2 body surface area (p less than 0.05) and the filtration fraction had decreased from 14.3 to 12.8% (p less than 0.025). During two years9 treatment with captopril in 14 patients the mean arterial blood pressure had fallen by 5 mm Hg (p less than 0.005) and the deterioration in glomerular filtration rate had decreased from 10.3 to 2.4 ml/min/year (p less than 0.005). There was no correlation between the fall in blood pressure and the reduction in the deterioration of glomerular filtration rate. These findings suggest that the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on renal haemodynamics protect renal function. Inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme should be considered for lowering blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
The Protection of the Observers in Cases of Infectious Sore Throat
Authors: E. Waggett
Journal: BMJ (1901)

should be drawn from a vein by means of a sterile syringe.It is then spread over the surface of agar or other medium and incubated.If rigid aseptic precautions are observed the margin of error is very small.Of i9 cases examined by me organisms were present in the blood in 5. We may exclude from these 5 one case in which the blood was taken in capillary vaccine tubes with every pro- oability of contamination.The 4 remaining cases were briefly as follows:I. Puerperal Sepsis, wlhich terminated:fatally; tliehorganisnii present was the staphylococcus pyogenes albus.2. Ulcerative Endocarditis.-Streptococciwere found in the blood on three different occasions.The case terminated fatally.3. Ulcerative Entdocarditis.-The staplhylococcus albus was found in the blood.The patienit died. 4. Pneumonia.-Thepneumococcus was present in thc blood.The case terminated fatally.
Value of milk tokens for breast feeding mothers should be increased
Authors: R. J Mcinnes, D. M Tappin
Journal: BMJ (1996)

different, probably because of the way the schemes were applied.It is difficult to know how many of the practices participated actively in the Northern region's scheme because entry to the scheme was automatic; the uptake in Lothian was 75%.Table 1 shows the proportion of prac- tices in both regions that achieved their financial target and the proportions in Lothian that achieved the target for generic prescribing and the quality target.The quality target produced 33 audits of prescribing and 12 quality standards for prescribing at practice level.The disadvantage of applying Lothian's scheme is that it is time consuming for both practices and prescribing advisers, but the results suggest that tailoring a scheme to individual practices is an effective strategy.
Increased Neointimal Formation After Surgical Vein Grafting in a Murine Model of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sacha P. Salzberg, Farzan Filsoufi, Anelechi Anyanwu, Kai von Harbou, Eva Karlof, Alain Carpentier, Hayes M. Dansky, David H. Adams
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Diabetes is an independent risk factor for the development of neointimal hyperplasia and subsequent vein graft failure after coronary or peripheral artery bypass grafting. We evaluate a new mouse model of surgical vein grafting to investigate the mechanisms of neointimal formation in the setting of type 2 diabetes. Methods and Results— Surgical vein grafts were created by inserting vein segments from age-matched C57BL/KsJ wild-type mice into the infra-renal aorta of lepr db/db diabetic and C57BL/KsJ wild-type mice. Mice were euthanized &amp;4 weeks later, and vein grafts were analyzed using morphometric and immunohistochemical techniques. A significant increase in neointimal formation was noted in lepr db/db mice (139±64 versus 109±62 mm 2 ; P =0.008) after 4 weeks. This difference was mainly secondary to an increase in collagen formation within the lesion in the vein grafts from lepr db/db mice (0.53±0.4 versus 0.44±0.05; P &lt;0.001), whereas only slight increases ( P =not significant) in alpha actin-stained smooth muscle cells were noted in the lepr db/db mice. Conclusion— We established a new physiologically relevant model of surgical vein grafting in mice. In this report, type 2 diabetes was associated with significant increase in extracellular matrix deposition in addition to increased smooth muscle cell deposition. This new model may allow mechanistic studies of cellular and molecular pathways of increased neointimal formation in the setting of diabetes.
Systems Pharmacology of Adverse Event Mitigation by Drug Combinations
Authors: Shan Zhao, Tomohiro Nishimura, Yibang Chen, Evren U. Azeloglu, Omri Gottesman, Chiara Giannarelli, Mohammad U. Zafar, Ludovic Benard, Juan J. Badimon, Roger J. Hajjar, Joseph Goldfarb, Ravi Iyengar
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2013)

Drug combinations that mitigate adverse events were identified using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System, and one combination, exenatide and rosiglitazone, was tested in a rodent model.
Early Detection of Potential Diabetics: The Problems and the Promise
Authors: David L. Horwitz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The National Diabetes Data Group of the National Institutes of Health has recently defined   as  statistical risk class that included persons who have never exhibited glucose intolerance but who are at increased risk over that of the general population for development of diabetes. The Data Group actually prefers the term potential abnormality of glucose tolerance to potential diabetes and stresses that the term should never be applied as a diagnosis to a patient, although knowledge of factors that increase risk for  may be of value in counseling patients. This background is necessary to evaluate the book under review, which is the proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The workshop was based on the premise that, of the 3,340,000 babies born in 1979, ten thousand would be insulin-dependent diabetics by the year 2000, but we presently do not
Tryptophan catabolism is associated with acute GVHD after human allogeneic stem cell transplantation and indicates activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Authors: Karin Landfried, Wentao Zhu, Magdalena C. Waldhier, Ute Schulz, Julia Ammer, Barbara Holler, Daniel Wolff, Matthias Edinger, Katrin Peter, Marina Kreutz, Reinhard Andreesen, Peter J. Oefner, Ernst Holler
Journal: Blood (2011)
Children must be protected from the tobacco industry's marketing tactics
Authors: N. Hopkinson, C. Wallis, B. Higgins, S. Gaduzo, R. Sherrington, S. Keilty
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Every day in the UK, hundreds of children aged 11-15 years start smoking for the first time,1 2 and there is compelling evidence that children’s perceptions of cigarettes are influenced by branding.3 4 As health professionals working to prevent and treat lung disease caused by smoking, we welcome the government’s …
Use of electronic mail for patient record transmission.
Authors: J F Cowie
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The increasing use of computers for patient data and for word processing has led to an upsurge of interest in the use of electronic mail for transmission of patient records. The requirement of the 1984 Data Protection Act that all reasonable precautions should be taken to prevent such records being exposed to unauthorised inspection has, however, seemed an overwhelming obstacle. This article describes a method that is being used successfully for transmitting laboratory data between two hospital departments. The scheme is intended to form the basis of a larger pilot study to link various hospitals and departments in the Lothian Health Board area. It uses encryption/decryption programs, with error correction routines, to ensure complete data protection during transmission. The programs are adaptable to any computer that has disc drives. Telecom Gold is the electronic mail service used. The principle of electronic mail is simple. Using a modem (a device that enables the connection of a computer to a telephone) and a telephone link, text from one computer can be transferred to a reserved area of memory on a host computer. This area of reserved memory is rented by a user and is known as his postbox. The user can obtain access to his mail by calling up the host computer and typing his password. The text is then copied to the user's computer over the telephone line. Although the host computer may be hundreds of miles away, access to data in most parts of the country is possible using only a local telephone call as in many major towns British Telecom has set up special numbers linked to a dedicated device that transfers data between computers. The total cost of sending mail electronically compares favourably with the cost of using normal mail and it is much quicker; a letter can even be sent from a postbox in Britain to a postbox in Australia in just a few minutes. This system has many attractions: (1) Use of local exchanges minimises interference due to poor telephone lines. (2) The data can be sent whenever it is convenient for the sender, and the data can be retrieved at a time convenient for the user. (3) Speedy transmission with nominal 24 hour, seven day a week availability (actual availability exceeds 99%). (4) There is no two way access either to the sending or to the receiving computer, so there is no possibility of illegal access to all patients' records. The only point that is vulnerable to attack is the postbox on the host computer. Although that limits the amount of information at risk, it is still unacceptable under the terms of the Data Protection Act. There are, however, still more points to be considered before such a system could be used for patient data, especially laboratory data.
Lung collagen heterogeneity. Synthesis of type I and type III collagen by rabbit and human lung cells in culture.
Authors: A J Hance, K Bradley, R G Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The fetal and adult lung have a constant level of collagen synthesis that represents 4-5% of the total amino acids incorporated into lung protein. Prior studies have demonstrated that this collagen is not homogeneous but rather is composed of at least two collagen types, I and II, each localized to specific lung structures. Although it is known that explants of rabit lung parenchyma and blood vessels synthesize type I collagen and that rabbit lung tracheobronchial tree synthesizes type II collagen, it has been suggested that other collagen types are present in lung. It is not known which cells are responsible for the synthesis of any lung collagen type. To approach the problem of additional lung collagen heterogeneity and the identification of the cells responsible for lung collagen synthesis, techniques were developed to examine collagen synthesized by lung cells in culture. 10-15% of the proteins synthesized by confluent cultures of rabbit lung cells and fetal human lung fibroblasts are collagen. Separation and purification of this collagen by ion-exchange chromatography and cyanogen bromide (CNBr) peptide mapping techniques indicate that collagen secreted by these cells is composed of two collagen types, I and III. The CNBr peptides of type I collagen secreted by these cells are identical to the CNBr peptides of type I collagen synthesized by lung parenchyma and blood vessels. The peptides of type III collagen secreted by these cells are identical to fetal skin type III collagen CNBr peptides. The existence of 40 cell types and the insolubility of lung collagen increase the complexity of identifying the types of collagen in lung and the cells responsible for the synthesis of each type. The techniques described here should eventually lead to a complete description of the synthesis and composition of lung collagen, thus providing a probe to understand the role of collagen in lung development and structure in health and disease.