tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Meckel Diverticulum by Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m Scan
Authors: Max Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Meckel diverticulum was diagnosed preoperatively as the cause of recurrent rectal bleeding in a 2-year-old child by means of a sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m scan. Although false-negative scans have been reported to occur in approximately 50% of all cases of Meckel diverticulum, the procedure should be considered in any case of unexplained, painless rectal bleeding, especially in pediatric patients.
Transendothelial migration of leukocytes is promoted by plasma from a subgroup of immune thrombocytopenic purpura patients with small‐vessel ischemic brain disease
Authors: Joaquin J. Jimenez, Wenche Jy, Lucia M. Mauro, Lawrence L. Horstman, Vincenzo Fontana, Yeon S. Ahn
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract We previously described a subgroup of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients presenting with recurring transient ischemic attack‐like symptoms and progressive cognitive impairment due to small vessel disease (SVD) seen in the brain. They presented minimal bleeding despite thrombocytopenia, and platelet activation was elevated compared to classic ITP. On the hypothesis that the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is compromised in this subgroup, we investigated the effect of plasma from SVD‐ITP patients on the transendothelial migration of leukocytes (TEML). Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) were grown to confluence on 6.5‐μm pore filters and plasma from 10 healthy controls, 20 classic ITP, and 5 SVD‐ITP were added and incubated 24 hr. Then 1 × 10 5 monocytes (U937) were added and the number migrated through the EC monolayer after 6 hr was measured by flow cytometry. The effect on TEML of danazol was also assessed. We found that plasma from SVD‐ITP but not classic ITP induced 10‐fold rise in EC activation marker CD62E and a sevenfold increase in TEML, to 38.5% ± 12.5% of cells migrated, compared to normal controls (5.6% ± 1.2%) or classic ITP (6.1% ± 0.2%), P &lt; 0.001. Preincubation of U937 with endothelial microparticles (EMP) increased TEML by 20.0% ± 6.4% with SVD‐ITP plasma, significantly more than with classic ITP or control plasmas, P = 0.003. Pretreatment of cultures with danazol (100 μg/mL) inhibited TEML by 25% in all wells tested, whether or not EMP were added. In summary, SVD‐ITP plasma activates EC and augments TEML, suggesting plasma‐mediated BBB dysfunction in this syndrome. Danazol modestly but significantly inhibited TEML. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of two hypnotic drugs on actual driving performance next morning.
Authors: T A Betts, J Birtle
Journal: BMJ (1982)

This study examined the effect of temazepam and flurazepam on driving performance on the next morning after having taken one of the drugs 12 hours prior to testing. A single night-time dose (15 mg flurazepam or 20 mg temazepam) of both hypnotics caused changes in driving behavior the next morning that increased the chance of a road accident.
Effects of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Program on Physician Practice
Authors: Jacqueline Kosecoff
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The effects of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Program on physician behavior were investigated. The medical records of 2770 patients treated in ten hospitals throughout the state of Washington were reviewed to determine if quality of care improved with respect to 12 recommendations put forth by four consensus panels concerning surgical management of primary breast cancer, the use of steroid receptors in breast cancer, cesarean childbirth, and coronary artery bypass surgery. Care was studied during 24 months before and 13 to 24 months after each consensus conference. Results showed that the conferences mostly failed to stimulate change in physician practice, despite moderate success in reaching the appropriate target audience. It was concluded that the consensus development conference is an important educational tool whose effects might be enhanced by focusing on areas of practice that need improvement and by encouraging follow-up programs at the state and local level.
Erythema Migrans in Lyme Disease: A Correction
Authors: Bernard W. Berger
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The illustration of a characteristic erythema migrans  used in the article by Kaslow 1 first appeared in my 1984 article on Lyme disease. 2 The dark papular lesion at the periphery represents a fibroepithelial polyp, not the site of a possible tick bite. The erythema migrans lesion appeared on the left hip, measured 8 by 9 cm, and had been present for 7 days.
Giant Cells in Bone Marrows of Patients on High-Dose Fluoride Treatment
Authors: PAUL H. DUFFEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

While undergoing experimental sodium fluoride therapy for osteoporosis, an elderly woman was found to have giant cells in her bone marrow that did not fit any previous description. Two other patients taking fluoride for osteoporosis had identical cells in their marrows. The cells disappeared on discontinuing the drug therapy. We have not seen giant cells of this type in previous cases of osteoporosis of similar severity or in any other bone marrows studied.
The Action of Iodides on the Heart and Circulation
Authors: R. Stockman, F. J. Charteris
Journal: BMJ (1901)

Meanwhile, let me say that the sudden discharge of pus, bile, hydatid membranes, and the like, by cough and expectoration, may come under our observation at any time as the first symptom or event that compels the patient to seek advice for disease of the liver or other abdominal organ.I have now related a sufficient number of this series of cases to make the clinical bearing of them obvious; and I
Abstract 1553: Comparative Gene Expression Analysis of Blood and Heart Identifies Genomic Predictors of Myocardial Injury Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Cardioplegic Arrest in the Rat
Authors: Mihai V Podgoreanu, Kenji Yoshitani, Adrian Dobra, Qing Ma, Bin Zhu, G B Mackensen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) complicating cardiac surgery remains poorly predicted by clinical risk factors. In a novel rat model of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegic arrest (CA) we tested the hypothesis that microarray expression profiles in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) can accurately predict degree of PMI, and compared genomic signatures in left ventricular myocardium (LVM) and PBL to identify PMI-associated genes that generalize across tissues. Methods: Male rats subjected to CPB only (75 min), CPB with CA (30 min), and sham surgery (n=5 each) had plasma heart fatty acid binding protein (HFABP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) measured 1 hour post CPB and microarray profiling of total RNA from LVM and PBL. PMI genomic classification models were constructed using shotgun stochastic search approach and Bayesian model averaging and their accuracy tested by five-fold cross validation. Results: A spectrum of PMI was observed in the experimental groups as well as robust deregulation of gene expression in a stimulus and tissue-specific manner (Figure ). Estimates of PMI classification accuracy from PBL and LVM are presented in Table . Conclusions: Cardiac surgery induces changes in leukocyte gene expression that predict the spectrum of PMI, with potential applications in perioperative risk stratification and selection of cardioprotective strategies. Predictive accuracy of tissue-specific myocardial injury genomic classifiers
Waterpipe smoking and dependence are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case control study
Authors: Georges Khayat, Pascale Salameh, Mirna Waked, Michele Dramaix
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Waterpipe (WP) smoking is gaining in popularity in the Lebanese population. Although WP smokers are potentially exposed to the same noxious substances found in cigarettes, popular belief considers WP smoking harmless. Our objective was to evaluate the association between WP smoking, dependence and COPD.

We conducted a case-control study in two tertiary care hospitals. Cases were included if diagnosed as COPD by a chest physician and confirmed by a post-bronchodilator spirometry (FEV1/FVC<0.7); controls were included if free of any respiratory disease or symptom. After an oral informed consent, a standardized questionnaire was administered and spirometry results were collected by trained technicians.

211 COPD cases and 554 healthy controls were enrolled. In previous smokers, any type of smoking was associated with COPD: OR=28.3 (p<0.001) for cigarette smoking, OR=12.2 (p<0.001) for waterpipe smoking, and OR=41.9 (p<0.001) for mixed smoking. Lower odds ratios were found in current smokers: OR =19.6 (p<0.001) for cigarette smoking, OR=1.8 (p=0.299) for waterpipe smoking and OR=9.5 (p<0.001) for mixed smoking. However, assessing WP dependence by the validated LWDS-11 scale in current WP smokers, found an OR=15.0 (p=0.001) for the association between WP dependence and COPD. These results were confirmed by stratified and multivariate analysis, after adjustment for cigarette smoking and other potential confounding variables.

This is the first study that looked at the relation between COPD and WP smoking, and that showed a high risk of COPD in ex-smokers of WP. In current smokers of WP, dependent individuals have an increasing risk of COPD, as much as cigarette smokers.
English Language Problems
Authors: J. E. Parkinson
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BMITURH risk of cardiac arrest.There is an added advantage since cement extruding through these holes acts as a key preventing rota- tional strains from loosening the cement in the shaft.I had hoped to study the long-term results by x-ray films using radio-opaque cement but, unfortunately, there was some reluctance to use this substance in case of toxic effects.-Iam, etc.,
Renal Phosphate–Transporter Regulatory Proteins and Nephrolithiasis
Authors: Moshe Levi, Sophia Breusegem
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Nephrolithiasis is a common disorder, and idiopathic hypercalciuria is the most frequent metabolic disorder associated with nephrolithiasis.1 Several studies have shown that subjects with idiopathic hypercalciuria have phosphaturia or renal phosphate leak. In fact, a study that measured the tubular maximal reabsorption of phosphate (TmP, or maximal renal phosphate threshold) normalized for the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (the TmP/GFR value) in 207 subjects with calcium nephrolithiasis reported that 20% of persons with normal parathyroid function in whom stones formed have a decreased TmP/GFR value.2 The associated mild hypophosphatemia results in increased 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production, which causes increased intestinal phosphate and . . .
Amiodarone and Torsade de Pointes
Authors: Stefan H. Hohnloser
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 April 1995Amiodarone and Torsade de PointesStefan H. Hohnloser, Thomas Klingenheben, and Bramah N. SinghStefan H. HohnloserSearch for more papers by this author, Thomas KlingenhebenSearch for more papers by this author, and Bramah N. SinghSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-7-199504010-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Cheng describes differences between our article [1] and that of Mickleborough and associates [2]. The latter study retrospectively compared the outcome of two groups of patients with coronary artery disease who had map-guided surgery for ventricular tachycardia; the investigators found that patients receiving amiodarone had a worse clinical outcome after surgery than those who did not receive amiodarone [2]. The investigators concluded that amiodarone should be withheld in patients with ventricular tachycardia until they have been assessed for surgery. Mickleborough and associates are too cautious about amiodarone therapy because they also state that data on “increased” pulmonary ...References1. Hohnloser SH, Klingenheben T, Singh BN. Amiodarone-associated proarrhythmic effects. A review with special reference to torsade de pointes tachycardia. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:529-35. Google Scholar2. Mickleborough LL, Maruyama H, Mohamed S, Rappaport DC, Downar E, Butany J, et al. Are patients receiving amiodarone at increased risk for cardiac operations? Ann Thorac Surg. 1994; 58:622-9. Google Scholar3. Nademanee K, Singh BN, Stevenson WG, Weiss JN. Amiodarone and post-MI patients. Circulation. 1993; 88:764-74. Google Scholar4. Singh BN. Amiodarone: Pharmacological, electrophysiological, and clinical profile of an unusual antiarrhythmic compound. In: Singh BN, Wellens HJ, Hiraoka M, eds. Electropharmacological Control of Cardiac Arrhythmias. Mount Kisco, New York: Futura Publishing Co.; 1994:427-524. Google Scholar5. Hohnloser SH, Meinertz T, Dammbacher T, Steiert K, Jahnchen E, Zehender M, et al. Electrocardiographic and antiarrhythmic effects of intravenous amiodarone: results of a placebo-controlled study. Am Heart J. 1991; 121:89-95. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAn overview about hepatitis C: A devastating virus 1 April 1995Volume 122, Issue 7Page: 553-554KeywordsDrugsMyocardial infarctionRadiofrequency ablationRetrospective studiesStable coronary artery diseaseSurgeryTachycardiaToxicityVentricular fibrillationVentricular tachycardia Issue Published: 1 April 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Enhanced effect of pH-sensitive mixed copolymer micelles for overcoming multidrug resistance of doxorubicin
Authors: Lipeng Qiu, Mingxi Qiao, Qing Chen, Chenmin Tian, Miaomiao Long, Mingyue Wang, Zhen Li, Wen Hu, Gang Li, Liang Cheng, Lifang Cheng, Haiyang Hu, Xiuli Zhao, Dawei Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
The Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Physicians
Authors: Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The incidence of tuberculosis in physicians was determined by mailed questionnaire. Since 1950 tuberculosis infection preceding entry into medical school has decreased by 73%; at the same time, infection after beginning recent graduates exceeded 1% per year, and age-specific infection rates among physicians were at least twice the US average. Tuberculosis developed in nearly one in ten physicians infected after medical school entry; in two thirds, disease preceded or coincided with recognized tuberculin positivity. No tuberculosis occurred in physicians who used isoniazid chemoprophylaxis, but two thirds of tuberculin-negative physicians did not have annual skin tests, 56% of known recent converters used no chemoprophylaxis, and 25% of those initiating isoniazid prophylaxis did not complete a 12-month course. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine recipients had 80% less tuberculosis than unimmunized physicians infected after beginning medical school.
Gender Differences in the Symptoms of Major Depression in Opposite-Sex Dizygotic Twin Pairs
Authors: Amir A. Khan, Charles O. Gardner, Carol A. Prescott, Kenneth S. Kendler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

OBJECTIVE: Gender differences in the symptoms of major depression have received limited research attention. The aim of this study was to explore these differences in male-female twin pairs. METHOD: Telephone interviews were conducted to determine the lifetime history of major depression in 1,404 complete pairs of opposite-sex dizygotic twins identified through a population-based registry. From these, the authors selected 201 pairs in which both twins fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for lifetime major depression. Dichotomous symptom variables were analyzed by using McNemar's chi-square. For continuous variables, conditional logistic regression was used. RESULTS: Female twins reported experiencing significantly more fatigue, hypersomnia, and psychomotor retardation during the most severe major depressive episode, whereas male twins reported more insomnia and agitation. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of matched twins, gender differences in the symptoms of major depression were seen in the areas of sleep, psychomotor changes, and fatigue. Gender significantly modifies some clinical features of major depression.
School Intervention to Improve Mental Health of Students in Santiago, Chile
Authors: Ricardo Araya, Rosemarie Fritsch, Melissa Spears, Graciela Rojas, Vania Martinez, Sergio Barroilhet, Paul Vöhringer, David Gunnell, Paul Stallard, Viviana Guajardo, Jorge Gaete, Sian Noble, Alan A. Montgomery
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

IMPORTANCE Depression can have devastating effects unless prevented or treated early and effectively.Schools offer an excellent opportunity to intervene with adolescents presenting emotional problems.There are very few universal school-based depression interventions conducted in low-and middle-income countries.OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a school-based, universal psychological intervention to reduce depressive symptoms among adolescents from low-income families.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A 2-arm, parallel, cluster, randomized clinical trial was conducted in secondary schools in deprived socioeconomic areas of Santiago, Chile.Almost all students registered in the selected schools consented to take part in the study.A total of 2512 secondary school students from 22 schools and 66 classes participated.INTERVENTIONS Students in the intervention arm attended 11 one-hour weekly and 2 booster classroom sessions of an intervention based on cognitive-behavioral models.The intervention was delivered by trained nonspecialists.Schools in the control arm received the standard school curriculum. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Scores on the self-administered Beck DepressionInventory-II at 3 months (primary) and 12 months (secondary) after completing the intervention.RESULTS There were 1291 participants in the control arm and 1221 in the intervention arm.Primary outcome data were available for 82.1% of the participants.There was no evidence of any clinically important difference in mean depression scores between the groups (adjusted difference in mean, -0.19; 95% CI, -1.22 to 0.84) or for any of the other outcomes 3 months after completion of the intervention.No significant differences were found in any of the outcomes at 12 months.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A well-designed and implemented school-based intervention did not reduce depressive symptoms among socioeconomically deprived adolescents in Santiago, Chile.There is growing evidence that universal school interventions may not be sufficiently effective to reduce or prevent depressive symptoms.
A genetic Xenopus laevis tadpole model to study lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Annelii Ny, Marta Koch, Martin Schneider, Elke Neven, Ricky T Tong, Sunit Maity, Christian Fischer, Stephane Plaisance, Diether Lambrechts, Christophe Héligon, Sven Terclavers, Malgorzata Ciesiolka, Roland Kälin, Wing Yan Man, Irena Senn, Sabine Wyns, Florea Lupu, André Brändli, Kris Vleminckx, Désiré Collen, Mieke Dewerchin, Edward M Conway, Lieve Moons, Rakesh K Jain, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Evidence-Based Treatment and Usual Care
Authors: Alan E. Kazdin
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
The influence of variable-stiffness guide wires on basal biliary sphincter of Oddi pressure measured at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: U. Blaut, W. Alazmi, S. Sherman, E. Fogel, J. Watkins, L. Bucksot, G. Lehman
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Background: Guide wires are commonly utilized to facilitate endoscopic procedures. However, their use may adversely influence the results of sphincter of Oddi manometry, thereby leading to erroneous diagnosis and therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of guide wires on the basal pressure of the biliary sphincter of Oddi.
Effects of peptide YY (PYY) on mouth to caecum intestinal transit time and on the rate of gastric emptying in healthy volunteers.
Authors: A P Savage, T E Adrian, G Carolan, V K Chatterjee, S R Bloom
Journal: Gut (1987)

The effect of an infusion of two doses of peptide YY (PYY), a novel putative gastrointestinal hormone, has been assessed on mouth to caecum intestinal transit time and on the rate of gastric emptying after ingestion of an inert 200 ml liquid meal thought unlikely to interrupt fasting gastrointestinal motility patterns. A low dose of PYY was chosen to give plasma concentrations within the range seen postprandially in healthy subjects, while the high dose mimicked the raised levels seen in several malabsorptive conditions. During infusion of PYY at 0.18 pmol/kg/min plasma concentrations rose from a basal of 8 +/- 2 pmol/l to 38 +/- 5 pmol/l and at 0.51 pmol/kg/min to 87 +/- 10 pmol/l. Mouth to caecum transit time was delayed from 67 +/- 4 mins on the saline infusion day to 94 +/- 7 mins (p less than 0.01) on the low dose and 192 +/- 9 mins (p less than 0.001) on the high dose infusion day. Time to 50% gastric emptying was prolonged from 37 +/- 8 mins during saline infusion to 63 +/- 10 mins (p less than 0.05) during low and 130 +/- 12 mins (p less than 0.001) during high dose infusion. Thus the infusion of PYY shows a dose related inhibition of mouth to caecum intestinal transit time and of the rate of gastric emptying and suggests this novel hormonal peptide to be of importance in gastrointestinal physiology.