tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Dream Specimen in Psychosomatic Medicine in the Light of Clinical Observations
Authors: H. Warnes
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

The author attempts to demonstrate a relationship between dreams and symptom formation in the psychosomatic patient. The egos of many patients predisposed to psychosomatic illness have shown a deformation of a defensive nature because of early impingement of the protective shield (a maternal function) which caused a precocious development of a false-self in <i>Winnicott's</i> sense. In a series of dreams the failure of one or more dream functions became evident. Such failures are often found in patients with psychosomatic symptoms and depend on the severity of illness and preillness factors such as personality, body image and type of object relationships. The dream functions identified were the traumatolytic, the wish-fulfilling, the symbolizing and the integrating ones. The author further speculates on the relationship between the physical symptom, the failure of a particular dream function, the physiological correlates of the manifest versus the latent content of the dream, the breakdown of the process of symbolization and the activation of an archaic body image representation.
Congenital rubella syndrome as a systemic infection. Studies of affected infants born in Philadelphia, U.S.A.
Authors: J. M. Lindquist, S. A. Plotkin, L. Shaw, R. V. Gilden, M. L. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Motor Neurone Disease Serum-Field and Hughes MEDICALIJSHONAL 1401 degree, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.The possibility that myelotoxic antibodies may be formed secondarily to myelin destruction, arising perhaps from some non-immune cause, is a very real one in view of the finding of antibody to encephalitogenic factor in a variety of neurological conditions reported by Field, Caspary, and Ball (1963).Nevertheless, their undoubted occurrence in multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis might well be of some pathogenetic import- ance because of the lowered blood-brain barrier at lesions in this disease (Broman, 1947, 1964) and in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (Barlow, 1956; Vulp6, Hawkins, and Rozdilsky, 1960; Field, 1961).Finally, the occurrence of two examples of myelotoxicity among our 20 normal sera should be compared with the 2 out of 26 reported by Bornstein and Appel (1965).Lumsden (1965) does not report upon normals, but in view of the findings of Hashem and Barr (1963) it is possible that normal subjects may -become sensitized to brain or its degeneration products if these are ingested.The possibility exists also that laboratory workers or others habitually exposed to brain might show some antibody responses.In this connexion Field et al. ( 1963) were able to demonstrate antibody to an encephalitogenic factor in 20.4% of 44 normal subjects.There is, however, no evidence that human antibodies demonstrated by the tanned-cell method parallel serum myelotoxicity. SummarySerum from 13 out of 21 undoubted cases of motor neurone disease showed demyelinative activity (at one in four dilution) when allowed to act upon neonatal rat cerebellum cultures.Three out of five other cases in which the diagnosis was open to some doubt also showed this activity.Two out of 20 normal subjects also did so.All sera showed some degree of gliotoxic activity.Myelotoxicity is not a property possessed exclusively by multiple sclerosis serum, though it may play a part in the pathogenesis of lesions.We are much indebted to Dr. A. Vejjajiva, of the Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, for serum specimens from cases of motor neurone disease and for providing details of the clinical condition of the patients.We would also like to thank Miss Greta Joyce, A.
Suicide and HIV Infection
Authors: Andrew L. Dannenberg
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the risk of suicide among individuals positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) following screening for evidence of HIV infection. Prior studies have reported a 7- to 36-fold increased risk of suicide for persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Military service applicants from throughout the United States. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Death from suicide. <h3>Methods.</h3> —The National Death Index was searched for mortality among 4147 HIV-positive military service applicants and 12437 HIV-negative applicants disqualified from military service due to other medical conditions (matched 1:3 on age, race, sex, and screening date and location) identified by the US Department of Defense between October 1985 and December 1993. Death certificates were obtained from individual states. Identifiers and HIV status of living applicants were known only by the Department of Defense. <h3>Results.</h3> —The HIV-positive applicants were 92% male, 37% white, and 56% black. Median age was 24 years (range, 17-57 years). Median follow-up time was 70 months (range, 0-99 months). Ten HIV-positive (49 per 100000 person-years) and 24 HIV-negative applicants (36 per 100000 person-years) died of suicide (rate ratio [RR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [Cl]=0.58-2.93). Suicide rates among both HIV-positive (RR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.00-3.82) and HIV-negative (RR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.07-2.48) applicants are marginally higher than those for the US general population, after adjustment for age, race, and sex. Time from screening to death was less than 3 months for 3 of 10 HIV-positive and 2 of 24 HIV-negative applicants who died of suicide. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The HIV-positive individuals do not appear to have a significantly increased risk of death from suicide in the months following HIV screening in this study population. Because suicide risk is reported to be greatly increased after symptomatic HIV disease is present, clinicians should consider asking persons with HIV infection about suicide risk factors during both initial counseling and subsequent medical care.
Estrogen Reduces Myointimal Proliferation After Balloon Injury of Rat Carotid Artery
Authors: Shi-Juan Chen, Huaibin Li, Joan Durand, Suzanne Oparil, Yiu-Fai Chen
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Vascular disease progresses more slowly in females with functional ovaries than in males. The mechanisms of this vasoprotective effect of female sex are incompletely understood. This study tested (1) whether there is a sex difference in the development of myointimal proliferation after balloon injury of the rat carotid artery in vivo, (2) whether this response is estrogen or androgen dependent, and (3) whether there is a sexual dimorphism in expression of the c- myc proto-oncogene in intact and/or damaged rat carotid arteries. Methods and Results Ten-week-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were either gonadectomized or studied intact. Gonadectomized rats of both sexes were implanted with estradiol, testosterone, or nothing (control) 3 days before vascular injury. Two weeks later, the rats were killed by overdose of pentobarbital, and the injured right and uninjured control left carotid arteries were fixed and subjected to morphometric analysis for evaluation of the degree of myointimal thickening. Separate groups of intact male and female rats were killed at 1 and 2 hours after vascular injury, and total RNA from injured and uninjured vessels was subjected to Northern blot analysis for assessment of steady state c- myc mRNA levels. Neointimal area and the ratio of neointimal to medial area were significantly less in intact female rats than in intact male rats ( P &lt;.05). Gonadectomy of female rats was associated with a greater increase in neointima formation after balloon injury than that observed in intact females ( P &lt;.05), but testosterone replacement did not further enhance this response. Estradiol treatment significantly inhibited myointimal proliferation after vascular injury in gonadectomized rats of both sexes ( P &lt;.05). Neither gonadectomy nor gonadectomy plus testosterone replacement altered the myointimal proliferative response to balloon injury in male rats. Steady state c- myc mRNA levels were detectable in undamaged carotid arteries in intact rats of both sexes and were significantly greater in males than in females; c- myc mRNA levels were increased in both sexes after carotid injury, but the response was significantly larger in magnitude and more rapid in males than in females. Conclusions These data indicate that the sex difference in myointimal proliferation after vascular injury is estrogen dependent. C- myc gene expression is greater in the undamaged carotid artery of the male than in that of the female, and the responsiveness of this gene to balloon injury of the artery is more rapid and more robust in the male than in the female rat. These findings have direct implications for the prevention and treatment of vascular disease in humans.
An inherited nail dystrophy principally affecting the great toenails
Authors: R. Baran
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article An inherited nail dystrophy principally affecting the great toenails Get access R. Baran R. Baran The Dermatological Unit, General Hospital, 06407 Cannes, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 112, Issue 1, 1 January 1985, Page 124, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02304.x Published: 01 January 1985
Implementation of the Ottawa Ankle Rules in France
Authors: Guy-Robert Auleley
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To assess the impact of the implementation of the Ottawa ankle rules on radiography requests in French hospitals during a 5-month intervention period and the impact of using posters alone to sustain the effect of the rules during a 5-month postintervention period.Multicenter randomized controlled trial preceded and followed by observational studies of radiological practices.The emergency departments of 5 Paris university teaching hospitals of the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris.A total of 2218, 1911, and 851 patients-all aged 18 years and older-who were seen for acute ankle or midfoot injuries in emergency departments during preintervention, intervention, and postintervention periods, respectively.Implementation of the Ottawa ankle rules by emergency department physicians in the intervention hospitals (using meetings, posters, pocket cards, and data forms). During the postintervention period, posters alone were used to sustain the intervention effect.Percentage of patients for whom radiography was requested.During the preintervention period, 98% and 98.5% of patients were referred for radiography in the intervention and control groups, respectively. During the intervention period, the mean proportions of patients referred for radiography by physicians was 78.9% in the intervention group and 99% in the control group (P=.03). Between preintervention and intervention periods, a relative reduction of 22.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 19.8%-24.9%) in radiography requests was observed in the intervention group, while requests increased by 0.5% (95% CI, 0%-1.4%) in the control group. During the postintervention period, the proportion of radiography requests in the intervention hospitals was lower than the proportion observed in the preintervention period (83.1% vs 98%).Implementation of the Ottawa ankle rules significantly reduced radiography requests in French hospitals. Using a minimal postintervention implementation strategy, the effect of this intervention decreased but persisted after it was discontinued.
An Ill Wind? Climate Change, Migration, and Health
Authors: Celia McMichael, Jon Barnett, Anthony J. McMichael
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Climate change is projected to cause substantial increases in population movement in coming decades. Previous research has considered the likely causal influences and magnitude of such movements and the risks to national and international security. There has been little research on the consequences of climate-related migration and the health of people who move.In this review, we explore the role that health impacts of climate change may play in population movements and then examine the health implications of three types of movements likely to be induced by climate change: forcible displacement by climate impacts, resettlement schemes, and migration as an adaptive response.This risk assessment draws on research into the health of refugees, migrants, and people in resettlement schemes as analogs of the likely health consequences of climate-related migration. Some account is taken of the possible modulation of those health risks by climate change.Climate-change-related migration is likely to result in adverse health outcomes, both for displaced and for host populations, particularly in situations of forced migration. However, where migration and other mobility are used as adaptive strategies, health risks are likely to be minimized, and in some cases there will be health gains.Purposeful and timely policy interventions can facilitate the mobility of people, enhance well-being, and maximize social and economic development in both places of origin and places of destination. Nevertheless, the anticipated occurrence of substantial relocation of groups and communities will underscore the fundamental seriousness of human-induced climate change.
Construction of Clinical Algorithms
Authors: Jesse Krakauer
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While not fully sharing the enthusiasm for clinical algorithms of Dr Margolis in his review of their uses (1983;249:627), we would like to suggest a novel approach to their construction. For many years, one of us (F.N.B.) has been developing a computer program that "learns" the approach of the clinical experts with which it interacts. The format of the interaction is structured by the mentor physician in the language of the usual clinical data and summary interpretation of individual cases, a process at which, as noted in Dr Levinson's accompanying COMMENTARY (1983;249:607), expert physicians tend to excel. After the program has had sufficient experience, it acquires independent decision-making capability for even the most complex problems. The eventual clinical importance of this decision-making capability is not known, but to students of medical practice, the resultant net of logical relationships between data points and learned conclusion states (the "judgment
Principles of Clinical Electrocardiography
Authors: David L. Abrams
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Dr Goldman's first edition of<i>Principles of Clinical Electrocardiography</i>was useful to me as a medical student because it was an understandable yet comprehensive introduction to an intimidating diagnostic technique. As a cardiovascular fellow, I found the second edition of value because it also provided an extensive overview of the subject. With this favorable prejudice, I am particularly pleased to review the 11th edition of his book. The author begins with a brief review of basic electrophysiology of the heart as it relates to the genesis of the ECG. He goes on to describe the normal ECG, its variations, and the major abnormalities of contour and rhythm in a clear, logical, and concise manner. Through sequential diagrams in this well-illustrated book, the author coordinates the electrical events of the heart with the inscription of the various segments of the ECG complex. One chapter illustrates the elements of spatial vectorcardiography, and
Rad50-CARD9 interactions link cytosolic DNA sensing to IL-1β production
Authors: Susanne Roth, Andrea Rottach, Amelie S Lotz-Havla, Verena Laux, Andreas Muschaweckh, Søren W Gersting, Ania C Muntau, Karl-Peter Hopfner, Lei Jin, Katelynd Vanness, John H J Petrini, Ingo Drexler, Heinrich Leonhardt, Jürgen Ruland
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)
Fine tuning of the Van Nuys prognostic index (VNPI) 2003 by using genomic grade index (GGI): a new tool for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
Authors: S Altintas, J Toussaint, K Lambein, M Huizing, V Durbeque, D Larsimont, E Van Marck, J Vermorken, W Tjalma, C Sotiriou
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2020 Introduction: DCIS is a heterogeneous malignant condition of the breast with no standard of care. The updated VNPI 2003 is a practical tool in treatment decision making. Recently, the introduction of GGI has been shown to be one of the most important prognostic indicators in invasive breast cancer. A GGI based on the expression of 4 genes using RT-PCR was developed and validated in invasive BC. The aim of this study was to assess its prognostic value in DCIS.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-GGI (RT-PCR-GGI) was applied on a DCIS population. Patients were assigned into 3 subgroups according to VNPI [low risk (score 4-6), intermediate risk (score 7-9) and high risk (score 10-12)] based on nuclear grade ± necrosis, tumor size, margin width and age. The prognostic performance of GGI was assessed by replacing pathologically determined nuclear grade by GGI: VNPI-GGI. Disease free survival (DFS) was calculated by Kaplan-Meier survival plots with log-rank significance&amp;#x2028; Results: A total of 90 patients with DCIS were analyzed. The number of recurrences per VNPI subgroup was 1/15 in subgroup 1, 5/53 in subgroup 2 and 6/22 in subgroup 3. Ten out of these 12 patients showed invasive recurrence. No statistical significance was reached (log rank 0.349; HR 3.69 [95% 0.620-21.923], p= 0.151). However, application of VNPI-GGI identified three distinct subgroups with statistically different DFS (HR = 8.887 [95% CI: 1.2–65.7], p= 0.03). Interestingly, when the VNPI-GGI was applied on the patients with low histological grade, 25% were redistributed to the high-risk group (p = 0.008). Of note, when PCR-GGI was applied to the recurrent cases (N= 12), the genomic grade status was preserved from DCIS to the recurrence disease in 83% of them.&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: RT-PCR-GGI incorporated into the VNPI improved its prognostic value for DCIS. This method has the potential to provide a powerful tool in DCIS management. Further validation is planned in a prospective trial with a larger patient population. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2020.
Spasmodic Wry-Neck Cured by Excision of a Piece of the Spinal Accessory, and of the Posterior Branches of Some of the Cervical Nerves
Authors: N. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1891)

THE Well-knOWn CSse in wirhiiclh excisioln of the spinal accessory nerve was first perfoiriied for spasmodic wrv-nieck by Mr.Campbell (le ilorgall was published in 1866.That case was an uniusual onie, because tlhe spasms existed in the sterno- mastoi land trapezius muscles on the riglht side, anid vet the head was drawN-ni into tle losition wlhiclh is usual in contrac- tioIn of the imtiscles oni tile left side: that is, the face was -turned towards tile riglht slhoulder.The spleinius and other -rotatory muscles oIn the same side were also affecte(, and this overcamle tile action of (he sterno-mastoidl ani( trapezius muscles, so tliat.as the report states, tuie posterior muscles
Retinoblastoma Therapy Delivers Power of Chemotherapy With Surgical Precision
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibiotic-Supplemented Feeds
Authors: Maxwell Finland
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Drs. Rapoport and Calia (229:1212, 1974) are certainly correct in stating that "the limited experience at the Boston City Hospital does not establish the conclusion that antibiotic-supplemented feeds have no environmental impact." No such claim or inference was made or intended. However, exception can be taken to the statement that "data collected from a general hospital treating acute cases might not reflect a changing incidence of such infections" (referring to salmonellosis and shigellosis). The data presented in Table 3 of our article (229:1183, 1974) show considerable fluctuations in the frequency with which such infections were diagnosed in this hospital, and, more likely than not, they do reflect at least to some degree changes in the incidence of such infections in the community from which these patients are drawn. These data would seem to warrant the more limited conclusion that they do not support the contention that the
Newer dimensions of patient care. Part 1: The use of the physical and social environment of the general hospital for therapeutic purposes. Part 2: Improving staff motivation and competence in the general hospital
Authors: Glen R. Leymaster
Journal: JAMA (1963)

In these two books Dr. Brown has described well the results of a social scientist's examination of the functioning of hospitals as social institutions for the care of<i>persons</i>. In this sphere she is well qualified by native endowment, training, and experience. Her observations are discriminating, pertinent, and well described. A social scientist well trained in observation of interactions among people would be able to observe occurrences and interpret their meanings in ways that doctors, nurses, and administrators could not because of familiarity and personal involvement. It is surprising that there are so many obvious obstacles to the fulfillment of generally accepted goals of hospital care. The first book deals mainly with description and interpretation of the physical and social environment of a hospital as it may affect the total care of the patient. While Dr. Brown draws heavily from her experience in more progressive psychiatric hospitals, her observations are
Plasmid-mediated gene therapy for cardiovascular disease
Authors: P. D. Williams, P. A. Kingston
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

Gene transfer within the cardiovascular system was first demonstrated in 1989 yet, despite extensive basic-science and clinical research, unequivocal benefit in the clinical setting remains to be demonstrated. Potential reasons for this include the fact that recombinant viral vectors, used in the majority of clinical studies, have inherent problems with immunogenicity that are difficult to circumvent. Attention has turned therefore to plasmid vectors, which possess many advantages over viruses in terms of safety and ease of use, and many clinical studies have now been performed using non-viral technology. This review will provide an overview of clinical trials for cardiovascular disease using plasmid vectors, recent developments in plasmid delivery and design, and potential directions for this modality of gene therapy.