tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Myocardial Conduction System in Sudden Death in Infancy
Authors: Marie A. Valdes-Dapena, Marguerite Greene, Nirmala Basavanand, Robert Catherman, Raymond C. Truex
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

THE ultimate mechanism responsible for sudden unexpected death in infancy remains unknown. Current hypotheses tend toward the concept of an instantaneous interruption in some basic physiologic function such as the control of respiration or cardiac action.1 In 1968 James2 proposed the hypothesis that these deaths are due to lethal disturbances in the conduction system triggered by focal "histopathologic changes" in the atrioventricular bundle and the atrioventricular node. The histologic features that he described are focal resorptive degeneration of conduction tissue cells, cell death, removal of dead cells by macrophages and replacement with collagen produced by young fibroblasts. These abnormalities were . . .
STUDIES ON THE OXIDATION AND REDUCTION OF IMMUNOLOGICAL SUBSTANCES
Authors: James M. Neill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

A study has been made of the oxidation and reduction of the hemotoxin of the Welch bacillus. The oxidation of the lysin results in the loss of its hemolytic activity. The "inactive" oxidation product of the Welch lysin may be reversed to the "active" lysin by treatment with biological or chemical reducing agents. The lysin, both in its reduced and oxidized form, is irreversibly inactivated by the same heat treatment. The pH of the system is an important factor in the oxidation of the lysin, the process proceeding much more rapidly at a pH above 7.0.
The Crystal Structure of Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein Reveals the Location of a Frequent Mutation that Impairs Innate Immunity
Authors: Jana K. Eckert, Young J. Kim, Jung I. Kim, Kathleen Gürtler, Djin-Ye Oh, Saubashya Sur, Linn Lundvall, Lutz Hamann, Anke van der Ploeg, Peter Pickkers, Evangelos Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Andriy V. Kubarenko, Alexander N. Weber, Michael Kabesch, Oliver Kumpf, Hyun-Jung An, Jie-Oh Lee, Ralf R. Schumann
Journal: Immunity (2013)
It's Over, Debbie
Authors: Bernadine Z. Paulshock
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —A recent issue of JAMA contained a disturbing essay entitled It's Over, Debbie 1 by a physician who is so uncertain of the propriety of his actions that he requested his name be withheld from the poignant essay.  Although I strongly approve of his empathy as a physician for a suffering patient, I am astonished by his temerity and surprised that he was able to get away with a dose of morphine of that size without further ado. However, there are several serious omissions from his dramatic account, omissions that make it ring less true.  Was she not already getting morphine, and if not, why? Why did he have to resort to a deliberate overdose to give her the surcease that was her right? What were this patient's daytime therapists doing about the failure of their regimen to control her pain and suffering? Why weren't they doing
A POSSIBLE CASE OF KAPOSI'S SARCOMA.
Authors: A. A. McINTOSH NICOL, H. A. COOKSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1941)

Journal Article A POSSIBLE CASE OF KAPOSI'S SARCOMA. Get access A. A. McINTOSH NICOL, M.D., M.R.C.P. Lond., A. A. McINTOSH NICOL, M.D., M.R.C.P. Lond. Honorary Physician, Skin‐Department, Royal Infirmary, Sunderland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. A. COOKSON, M.B., F.R.C.P.E., F.R.C.S.E., D.P.H. H. A. COOKSON, M.B., F.R.C.P.E., F.R.C.S.E., D.P.H. Honorary Pathologist to Royal Infirmary, Sunderland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 53, Issue 10, 1 October 1941, Pages 283–284, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1941.tb10902.x Published: 01 October 1941
Frequency of Adverse Reactions to Influenza Vaccine in the Elderly
Authors: Karen L. Margolis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Concern about side effects constitutes a major deterrent to patient compliance with influenza vaccination, yet there is a paucity of data about the occurrence of adverse reactions in the population targeted for immunization. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial to compare the frequency of adverse reactions following administration of 1988-1989 trivalent split-antigen influenza vaccine and saline placebo. Outpatient veterans 65 years of age or over (n = 336) were recruited by mail and were randomly assigned to receive vaccine followed 2 weeks later by placebo injection or placebo followed 2 weeks later by vaccine. There was no significant difference between influenza vaccine and placebo with respect to the proportion of subjects reporting disability or systemic symptoms. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1139-1141)
Spontaneous Dactylolysis With Pain in a 58-Year-Old American Black Man
Authors: David S. Mendelson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>History</h3> A 58-year-old black man had pain in both fifth toes. The right toe had been involved for five years, with diminishing pain during the preceding 12 months. The left toe was more acutely affected, with pain of four months' duration. The patient was born in the United States and at the time of presentation was employed as a postal clerk. The patient stated that his mother had a fifth-toe amputation for reasons unknown to him. On examination, both fifth toes had constricting bands around the proximal phalanges and were rotated 90° inward so that the nails faced laterally (Fig 1 and 2). Radiological studies showed swelling of the soft tissue of the toes and a lucent band around the base of each fifth toe. Evidence of demineralization and bone resorption of the phalanges, particularly on the right, was present (Fig 3 and 4). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Ainhum affecting both fifth toes.
Heart Rates at Submaximal Relative Workloads in Subjects of High and Medium Fitness
Authors: R. T. Withers, R. W. Haslam
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1975)

Eight subjects of high fitness (V̇O 2 max - 56.9 ml/kg × min) and eight subjects of medium fitness (V̇O 2 max = 43.4 ml/kg × min) pedalled a bicycle ergometer for 6 minutes at workloads which elicited 70%, 80% and 90% of their individual V̇O 2 max. Heart rates were recorded during the last 30 seconds of each workload. The data were analysed by a 2 (fitness levels) × 3 (workloads) analysis of variance factorial design. Although the high fitness group recorded a lower mean heart rate for the 3 workloads (155 beats/min) than the medium fitness group (161 beats/min), there was no overall statistically significant difference between the 2 fitness levels. The difference was most marked at the highest workload where a statistically significant (p &lt; .05) interaction occurred between workload and fitness level. A completely randomised design analysis of variance indicated that the high fitness group attained their V̇O 2 max at a statistically significant lower heart rate (173 beats/min) than the medium fitness group (182 beats/min).
Hormone Replacement: Gynecologists Consider the Heart of the Matter
Authors: Chris Anne Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1987)

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE is apparently superseding osteoporosis and breast cancer as the current focus of attention in the controversial matter of providing estrogen replacement therapy for menopausal women. A study published this summer (<i>Circulation</i>1987;75:1102-1109) of 2270 women suggests that those receiving unopposed estrogen have approximately one third the risk of death from cardiovascular disease of an age-matched group not taking the hormone. This study is one of the largest to specifically address the cardioprotective value of estrogen replacement. Yet it leaves open the question of the risks and benefits of the estrogen-progestin combination that is more typically prescribed. The growing importance of cardiovascular considerations in estrogen replacement therapy was underscored by several investigators who spoke at the annual meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) in Las Vegas. At least one of them, Lila E. Nachtigall, MD, associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at New York University
Dietary Carbohydrate, Alveolar Gas, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Thomas A. Dillard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 February 1990Dietary Carbohydrate, Alveolar Gas, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseThomas A. Dillard, MDThomas A. Dillard, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-4-309_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: The recent letter by Hansen (1) made an interesting argument that favored ingestion of carbohydrates by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease before air travel. The argument contended that by raising the respiratory exchange ratio (R) with carbohydrate ingestion, alveolar and arterial oxygen partial pressures would increase. This appealing argument was based on assumptions that require clarification and examination for applicability to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.In the calculations of paragraph 2 of his letter, Hansen assumed that alveolar pCO2and, implicitly, arterial pCO2remained constant at 40 mm Hg, with varying respiratory exchange ratios...References1. Hansen J. Diet and flight hypoxemia. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:859-60. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Angelillo V, Sukhdarshan B, Durfee D, Dahl J, Patterson A, and O'Donohue W. Effects of low and high carbohydrate feedings in ambulatory patients with COPD and chronic hypercapnia. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:883-5. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Askanazi J, Weissman C, LaSala P, and Charlesworth P. Nutrients and ventilation. Advances in Shock Research. 1983;9:69-79. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Covelli H, Black J, Olsen M, and Beekman J. Respiratory failure precipitated by high carbohydrate loads. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:579-81. LinkGoogle Scholar5. Dillard T, Berg B, Rajagopal K, Dooley J, and Mehm W. Hypoxemia during air travel in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:362-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Thomas A. Dillard, MDAffiliations: Walter Reed Army Medical Center Washington, DC 20307-5001 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEl pulmón y los viajes en aviónAir Travel and Oxygen Therapy in Cardiopulmonary Patients 15 February 1990Volume 112, Issue 4Page: 309-310KeywordsCarbohydratesChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseIngestionOxygenPartial pressure of carbon dioxide ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 February 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE PRODUCTION OF AMYLOID DISEASE AND CHRONIC NEPHRITIS IN RABBITS BY REPEATED INTRAVENOUS INJECTIONS OF LIVING COLON BACILLI
Authors: C. H. Bailey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

The repeated intravenous injection of rabbits with living Bacillus coli communior over long periods has resulted in the formation of amyloid deposits in the spleen, liver, and kidneys. Suppurative lesions were not present in most cases and therefore not a factor in its production. The results have been constant in that amyloid was found in all rabbits, eight in number, which were injected over a period of 88 days or more. Eight rabbits showed amyloid in the spleen, six of these in the kidneys also, and three in the liver. The kidneys of these eight rabbits also showed as a result of the injections a subacute and chronic glomerulitis, parenchymatous degeneration, some interstitial infiltration with round cells, and a slight cellular proliferation of connective tissue, thus resembling the chronic parenchymatous nephritis of man which is so commonly associated with amyloid disease.
P108Two sides of the same coin: integrative role of the calcium-activated chloride channels in the ventricular myocardium
Authors: B Hegyi, K Vaczi, F Ruzsnavszky, K Kistamas, M Gonczi, B Horvath, T Banyasz, J Magyar, P Nanasi, N Szentandrassy
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

As a part of the transient outward current, the calcium-activated chloride current (ICl(Ca)) is involved in the action potential (AP) repolarization, however, its possible contribution to formation of delayed afterdepolarizations and thus life threatening arrhythmias was also suggested, especially in cardiac pathologies e.g. cardiac failure and myocardial hypertrophy, where intracellular Ca2+ concentration increases. The aim of this work was to study the profile of ICl(Ca) during AP in various regions of ventricular muscle. Experiments were performed using conventional microelectrode, whole-cell patch-clamp and AP-clamp techniques at 37 C degrees on isolated canine ventricular myocytes. ICl(Ca) was studied by an inhibitor, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (9-AC, 0.5 mM). Under voltage-clamp conditions ICl(Ca) started to activate at -20 mV and peaked at +60 mV (2.11±0.35 pA/pF, n=8), while in the presence of BAPTA (10 mM), a calcium chelating agent, the current was abolished indicating its calcium-activated feature. ICl(Ca) amplitude increased progressively with higher stimulatory frequencies. AP measurements with sharp microelectrodes confirmed this property as 9-AC reduced the size of the AP notch and elevated the mid-plateau potential in a direct rate-dependent manner. However, these changes resulted in a reverse rate-dependent AP lengthening in midmyocardial and subendocardial cells (+24.34±3.26 ms and +15.85±2.14 ms at 1 Hz, n=15 and n=7, respectively). On the contrary, under 2 Hz stimulatory frequencies a progressive AP shortening was observed in subepicardial myocytes (−13.18±7.50 ms at 1 Hz, n=7). AP-clamp experiments revealed an early narrow outward and a late inward current peak after the application of 9-AC (+1.15±0.11 pA/pF and -0.18±0.04 pA/pF, respectively, n=13). Similar peak current amplitudes were measured in every transmural heart regions. Beta-adrenergic activation (by isoproterenol, 10 nM) nearly doubled the amplitudes of both part of ICl(Ca) (2.43±0.11 pA/pF and -0.31±0.10 pA/pF, n=4). Furthermore, early afterdepolarizations appeared following ICl(Ca) blockade at low heart rates, especially during beta-adrenergic stimulation. These findings suggest that the different contribution of ICl(Ca) to the AP generation in different cardiac regions is a consequence of the characteristic shape of the given AP. A selective ICl(Ca) blocking agent could be beneficial in Ca2+-overloaded cells by decreasing the development of delayed afterdepolarizations, but it could be harmful by increasing the transmural dispersion of repolarization and provoking early afterdepolarizations.
Lords call for regulation of complementary medicine
Authors: J. O' N. Roach
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The House of Lords select committee on Science and Technology recommended this week that in the interests of public safety the complementary medicine sector should be properly regulated and more research carried out into its effectiveness.

Fragmentation, disagreement between groups, and concentration on differences rather than common aims were identified as frequent problems with existing professional bodies for complementary medicine. It is …
Abstract 4266: Acquired resistance to sorafenib yields CXCL12 (SDF1α) over-expression and increases invasion in hepatocarcinoma cells
Authors: Maria E. Riveiro, Maria Serova, Guillemette Huet, Patrick Dumont, Safi Dokmak, Sébastien Albert, Ivan Bieche, Eric Raymond, Sandrine Faivre
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Sorafenib has a well known efficacy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib displays antiangiogenic effects by targeting receptors for VEGF (VEGFR2 and VEGFR3) and PDGF (PDGFRβ) and blocks cancer cell proliferation by targeting RAF/MEK/ERK signalling. However, disease-stabilizing effects are eventually followed by emergence of resistance in patients. The aim of the present work was to describe mechanisms associated with acquired resistance to sorafenib. Materials and Methods: Cell proliferation and clonogenic survival were evaluated in sorafenib-sensitive and -resistant HCC models. Invasiveness of cells was determined by Matrigel invasion assay. qRT-PCR and western blot assays were used to assess a panel of genes and proteins. In vivo sorafenib efficacy was determined in SCID mice bearing SK-HEP1 xenografts. The drug was administered orally, once daily at dose levels of 10 and 30 mg/kg until sorafenib-resistance appearance, starting when tumors were detectable (100-300mm3). Results: The SK-sora cell line was established from the parental SK-HEP1 cell line using a stepwise exposure to increasing sorafenib concentrations for more than 6 months. Exposure to 48-hour sorafenib led to IC50s of 8.3 and 15.9 µM in SK-HEP1 and SK-sora cells, respectively. Clonogenic assay also indicated a significant sorafenib resistance in SK-sora cells. Sorafenib-resistant cells did not display cross-resistance to sunitinib, another multitarget inhibitor. In addition, 30 days sorafenib withdrawal did not restore the sensitive to the drug in Sk-sora cells. Protracted exposure to sorafenib led to a 3-fold increase mRNA expression of VEGFA, VEGFD, erbb4, IGFR1, CXCL12 (SDF-1α) and MIF in SK-sora respect to parental SK-HEP1 cells. In addition we observed a basal up regulation of MAPK and AKT survival signalling pathways as measured by p-ERK1/2, p-AKT and p-S6rp levels in SK-sora cells. Matrigel assay revealed a 3 fold (p&amp;lt;0.05) increase in the number of invasive SK-sora cells respect to SK-HEP1 cells. Current in vivo studies point out that sorafenib (30 mg/kg/day) significantly suppressed SK-HEP1 xenograft tumor growth (34.6%; p&amp;lt;0.05) after 25 days of treatment. Mechanisms associated with resistance to sorafenib in mice will be explored. Conclusions: Our data show that acquired resistance to sorafenib is associated with the activation of the AKT and MAPKs pathways together with an increased invasion in HCC cells. The role of CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in this model will be explored. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4266. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4266
Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation
Authors: Tassos C. Kyriakides
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal Function, Neurohormonal Activation, and Survival in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Hans L. Hillege, Armand R. J. Girbes, Pieter J. de Kam, Frans Boomsma, Dick de Zeeuw, Andrew Charlesworth, John R. Hampton, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Because renal function is affected by chronic heart failure (CHF) and it relates to both cardiovascular and hemodynamic properties, it should have additional prognostic value. We studied whether renal function is a predictor for mortality in advanced CHF, and we assessed its relative contribution compared with other established risk factors. In addition, we studied the relation between renal function and neurohormonal activation. Methods and Results —The study population consisted of 1906 patients with CHF who were enrolled in a recent survival trial (Second Prospective Randomized study of Ibopamine on Mortality and Efficacy). In a subgroup of 372 patients, plasma neurohormones were determined. The baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR c ) was calculated using the Cockroft Gault equation. GFR c was the most powerful predictor of mortality; it was followed by New York Heart Association functional class and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Patients in the lowest quartile of GFR c values (&lt;44 mL/min) had almost 3 times the risk of mortality (relative risk, 2.85; P &lt;0.001) of patients in the highest quartile (&gt;76 mL/min). Impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was only modestly predictive ( P =0.053). GFR c was inversely related with N-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP; r =−0.53) and, to a lesser extent, with ANP itself ( r =−0.35; both P &lt;0.001). Conclusions —Impaired renal function (GFR c ) is a stronger predictor of mortality than impaired cardiac function (LVEF and New York Heart Association class) in advanced CHF, and it is associated with increased levels of N-terminal ANP. Moreover, impaired renal function was not related to LVEF, which suggests that factors other than reduced cardiac output are causally involved.