tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Growth hormone in growth hormone deficiency
Authors: P. Saenger
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Papers p 70

With the advent of an unlimited supply of recombinant DNA growth hormonesome 15 years ago endocrinologists and paediatricians hoped that the majorgoal in treating children with growth hormone deficiency—that is, a near normal adult height—would finally be achievable.

Carel and colleagues report in this issue the adult height after “long term” recombinant growth hormone treatment for idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency.1 The investigators were able to analyse entry data on all French children with growth hormone deficiency whose treatment started between 1987 and 1992 and stopped in 1996 under the auspices of the French national programme, Association France Hypophyse. They then were able to record adult heights for 76% of these patients. Gain in height was on average a disappointing 1.1 (0.9 SD). Overall, the treatment of a child for about three years (certainly not “long term”) was associated with an estimated gain in height of only 4.2 cm. Faced with these unimpressive results, the authors conclude with understandably muted enthusiasm that (a) the effect of growth hormone is unclear in many patients treated for idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency and that many patients may have simple constitutional delay of growth and development, and (b) only patients with “severely and permanently” altered growth hormone secretion should be treated with growth hormone.

We have been treating growth hormone deficiency with growth hormone in children for over four decades.2 The paper by Carel et al would suggest that …
Carbohydrate Homeostasis and Pancreatic Islet Cell Function in Thalassemia
Authors: M. NATHAN LASSMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Glucose tolerance and pancreatic alpha and beta cell functions were evaluated in eight thalassemic patients, from 5 to 31 years old, receiving chronic transfusion therapy. Two patients had insulin-dependent diabetes, and two had a diabetic glucose tolerance test; one patient had a blood glucose response compatible with reactive hypoglycemia. All but two patients had a delayed or diminished insulin response, or both, to glucose infusion. In seven of eight patients the glucagon response to infusion of alanine was significantly reduced. Abnormalities of carbohydrate homeostasis are frequently seen in regularly transfused thalassemic patients. In such patients iron overload often results in diminished alpha and beta cell function.
QUANTITATIVE 3D ANALYSIS OF AORTIC VALVE APPARATUS FOR PATHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF AORTIC REGURGITATION
Authors: Kentaro Shibayama, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Shunsuke Sasaki, Keitaro Mahara, Minoru Tabata, Toshihiro Fukui, jun umemura, Shuichiro Takanashi, Tetsuya Sumiyoshi, Takahiro Shiota
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Adaptation of human atrial muscle repolarisation after high rate stimulation
Authors: S B. OLSSON, H. BROMAN, C. HELLSTROM, K. K TALWAR, R. VOLKMANN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

Journal Article Adaptation of human atrial muscle repolarisation after high rate stimulation Get access S BERTIL OLSSON, S BERTIL OLSSON **From the Division of Cardiology, Med.Clin, I, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden‡From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HOLGER BROMAN, HOLGER BROMAN †From the Department of Applied Electronics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden‡From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CLAES HELLSTRÖM, CLAES HELLSTRÖM †From the Department of Applied Electronics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden‡From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KEWAL K TALWAR, KEWAL K TALWAR **From the Division of Cardiology, Med.Clin, I, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden‡From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar REINHARD VOLKMANN REINHARD VOLKMANN ‡From the Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 19, Issue 1, January 1985, Pages 7–14, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/19.1.7 Published: 01 January 1985
Estrogen receptors and breast cancer.
Authors: R I Nicholson, K Griffiths, R W Blamey, H M Bishop, J L Haybittle
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Estrogen receptors have been assayed in a series of primary breast cancers from postmenopausal women; 59% of which were estrogen-receptor positive. These patients survived for a significantly longer period of time than those whose tumors were estrogen-receptor negative. The effect of estrogen-receptor status was only seen (and then markedly accentuated) in patients who had lymph-node invasion at the time of mastectomy. Such determinations also appear to be of value in preselecting those patients who, on recurrence, will benefit from tamoxifen therapy.
New patient database could undermine trust in NHS, risk analysis concludes
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The centralisation of medical records in the care.data national database has the potential to undermine trust among NHS patients in England, prompting them to withhold information from their clinicians and compromising their care, the NHS’s own risk analysis of the programme has concluded.

The system could also be vulnerable to hackers, the analysis says, because pseudonymised data available to “approved groups of users” such as care commissioners and health researchers could be combined with other datasets to “re-identify patients maliciously.”

Under the care.data programme England’s Health and Social Care Information Centre will bring together health and social care from primary and secondary care for the first time. The centre will use patient identifiers, such as their NHS number, date of birth, postcode, and sex, to link data from different healthcare settings, and then these identifiers will be stripped out.

The centre will publish some anonymous or aggregated data itself, and pseudonymised data will be available to “approved groups of users,” including commissioners and researchers. Identifiable personal confidential data could …
The Use of Television Videotape to Enhance the Therapeutic Value of Psychodrama
Authors: MICHAEL D. GOLDFIELD, ROLAND LEVY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The value and potentials of videotape replay of psychodrama are reviewed. While one benefit is in showing participants what they are doing and feeling, it also permits the director to review his own actions in order to perfect and correct his technique. The audience can also be involved by recording their reactions to the dramas taking place.
Points: Application of viewdata systems to medicine
Authors: G. Pfaff
Journal: BMJ (1985)

ments committees, grant awarding bodies, etc, are more impressed by the quantity than by the quality of published work.Unfortunately, the medical profession can- not seek guidance in proper behaviour from the scientific community, whose morals are questioned because of duplication and fraud.2Among so called pure scientists the ethic of "publish or perish" seems even more revered.Only when it is agreed that scientific communications are intended to further knowledge, rather than careers or egos, will we reach the peak of the present, senseless, exponential
Intestinal fatty acid binding protein is available for diagnosis of intestinal ischaemia: immunochemical analysis of two patients with ischaemic intestinal diseases.
Authors: T Kanda, H Fujii, M Fujita, Y Sakai, T Ono, K Hatakeyama
Journal: Gut (1995)

Mesenteric infarction and other acute ischaemic intestinal diseases are still a challenging diagnostic problem. Based on animal experiments, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), which is uniquely localised to the bowel, has recently been proposed as a new serum marker for intestinal ischaemia. This paper reports on two cases with acute intestinal ischaemic diseases, and the measurement of serum I-FABP by western blot analysis. The concentrations of ordinary serum markers were normal and the bowel necrosis was not diagnosed until surgical exploration. Immunochemical analysis showed that the I-FABP concentrations in the patients9 serum samples were high at the time of admission, and that I-FABP was undetectable in the samples obtained after bowel resection and in healthy control subjects. This paper suggests that I-FABP is released into the circulation in the acute phase of intestinal ischaemia and that I-FABP can be used in establishing the diagnosis of ischaemic intestinal diseases.
Hemodynamic Changes Induced by Liposomes and Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin in Pigs
Authors: Janos Szebeni, John L. Fontana, Nabila M. Wassef, Paul D. Mongan, David S. Morse, David E. Dobbins, Gregory L. Stahl, Rolf Bünger, Carl R. Alving
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Intravenous administration of some liposomal drugs can trigger immediate hypersensitivity reactions that include symptoms of cardiopulmonary distress. The mechanism underlying the cardiovascular changes has not been clarified. Methods and Results —Anesthetized pigs (n=18) were injected intravenously with 5-mg boluses of large multilamellar liposomes, and the ensuing hemodynamic, hematologic, and laboratory changes were recorded. The significant ( P &lt;0.01) alterations included 79±9% (mean±SEM) rise in pulmonary arterial pressure, 30±7% decline in cardiac output, 11±2% increase in heart rate, 236±54% increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, 71±27% increase in systemic vascular resistance, and up to a 100-fold increase in plasma thromboxane B 2 . These changes peaked between 1 and 5 minutes after injection, subsided within 10 to 20 minutes, were lipid dose–dependent (ED 50 =4.5±1.4 mg), and were quantitatively reproducible in the same animal several times over 7 hours. The liposome-induced rises of pulmonary arterial pressure showed close quantitative and temporal correlation with elevations of plasma thromboxane B 2 and were inhibited by an anti-C5a monoclonal antibody (GS1), by sCR1, or by indomethacin. Liposomes caused C5a production in pig serum in vitro through classic pathway activation and bound IgG and IgM natural antibodies. Zymosan- and hemoglobin-containing liposomes and empty liposomes caused essentially identical pulmonary changes. Conclusions —The intense, nontachyphylactic, highly reproducible, complement-mediated pulmonary hypertensive effect of minute amounts of intravenous liposomes in pigs represents a unique, unexplored phenomenon in circulation physiology. The model provides highly sensitive detection and study of cardiopulmonary side effects of liposomal drugs and many other pharmaceutical products due to “complement activation–related pseudoallergy” (CARPA).
What Cannot Be Said on Television About Health Care
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Valsartan lowers brain β-amyloid protein levels and improves spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease
Authors: Jun Wang, Lap Ho, Linghong Chen, Zhong Zhao, Wei Zhao, Xianjuan Qian, Nelson Humala, Ilana Seror, Sadie Bartholomew, Clive Rosendorff, Giulio Maria Pasinetti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that some antihypertensive medications may reduce the risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). We screened 55 clinically prescribed antihypertensive medications for AD-modifying activity using primary cortico-hippocampal neuron cultures generated from the Tg2576 AD mouse model. These agents represent all drug classes used for hypertension pharmacotherapy. We identified 7 candidate antihypertensive agents that significantly reduced AD-type β-amyloid protein (Aβ) accumulation. Through in vitro studies, we found that only 1 of the candidate drugs, valsartan, was capable of attenuating oligomerization of Aβ peptides into high-molecular-weight (HMW) oligomeric peptides, known to be involved in cognitive deterioration. We found that preventive treatment of Tg2576 mice with valsartan significantly reduced AD-type neuropathology and the content of soluble HMW extracellular oligomeric Aβ peptides in the brain. Most importantly, valsartan administration also attenuated the development of Aβ-mediated cognitive deterioration, even when delivered at a dose about 2-fold lower than that used for hypertension treatment in humans. These preclinical studies suggest that certain antihypertensive drugs may have AD-modifying activity and may protect against progressive Aβ-related memory deficits in subjects with AD or in those at high risk of developing AD.
Bright's Disease: Suppression of Urine for Twelve Days: Return of Diuresis: Death from Convulsions
Authors: A. Kisch
Journal: BMJ (1873)

6oi difficult to transfer the pressure to the aorta, a proceeding which I have often seen of great service; then cold may be added as an excellent assistant to pressure; in certain cases, opium is a valuable remedy.The precise position which a solution of the perchloride of iron will occupy in the future I cannot tell; it has not, in my hands, appeared to be so innocent an agent as, from what has been written about it, I had sup- posed; but, as my experience has been limited, I give no decided opinion.
Bayer cuts price of ciprofloxacin after Bush threatens to buy generics
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The Bush administration has won a major price concession from the German drug company Bayer AG for its antibiotic ciprofloxacin (Cipro), after threatening to buy generic alternatives.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had recommended ciprofloxacin as the antibiotic of choice for both inhalation and cutaneous anthrax (MMWR Weekly 2001;50:917-8(tables 1 and 2)), although this week it changed its advice, and decided to recommend doxycycline.

Dr Bradley Perkins, an anthrax specialist at the CDC, was quoted in the New York Times (2001;Oct 30: B8) as saying that the centres were now recommending doxycycline because drug resistance was “less of an issue with doxycycline.”

Before the new advice was issued, however, Bayer …
Belinda, Asleep Without Dreams
Authors: Kris Sperry
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reporting the how, where, and grading of nasomucosal injury after transnasal endoscopy
Authors: C. Hu
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

We read with interest the article by Mori et al. [1] on their proposal for grading nasomucosal injury from grade 0 (no injury), grade 1 (mucosal redness), grade 2 (oozing hemorrhage), to grade 3 (overt bleeding). A reporting system to record nasal injury/bleeding after ultrathin transnasal esophagogastroduodenoscopy (UT-EGD) is important for the next pre-exam reference. There are several solid data showing UT-EGD to be a safe procedure with minor complications [2], which contradict Mori’s statement about “lack of data regarding its safety.” Thus, the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy report on UT-EGD published 10 years ago may require amendment.
Studying Torture Survivors
Authors: Evin Kantemir
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The United Nations General Assembly has defined torture as the intentional infliction of physical or mental suffering by agents of the state.<sup>1</sup>According to an analysis<sup>2</sup>of Amnesty International's 1992 report on human rights violations, systematic torture was practiced in about half of the countries in the world in 1991. Although the total number of states that ratified or acceded to the United Nation's Convention Against Torture<sup>1</sup>increased to 71 during 1992, the overall situation regarding human rights violations including torture has not improved.<sup>3</sup> Despite the recognition that torture is widespread in many parts of the world and may lead to serious physical and emotional problems, the subject received relatively little scientific attention until the last two decades.<sup>4</sup>The increased interest in this issue may have been promoted partly by the growing population of political refugees in Western countries and the studies by health professionals involved
Dose response relation to oral theophylline in severe chronic obstructive airways disease.
Authors: H. Chrystyn, B. A. Mulley, M. D. Peake
Journal: BMJ (1988)

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate measurement of the trapped gas volume as a measure of respiratory function in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease and their response to treatment with theophylline. DESIGN--Patients able to produce consistent results on testing of respiratory function spent two weeks having dosage of theophylline adjusted to give individual pharmacokinetic data. This was followed by random assignment to four consecutive two month treatment periods--placebo and low, medium, and high dose, as assessed by serum concentrations of theophylline. Respiratory function and exercise performance was assessed at the end of each two month period. SETTING--Chest unit in district hospital. PATIENTS--Thirty eight patients with chronic bronchitis and moderate to severe chronic obstruction to airflow were recruited; 33 aged 53-73 years completed the study. INTERVENTIONS--Dosage of oral theophylline increased during two week optimisation period to 800 mg daily unless toxicity was predicted, when 400 mg was given. Targets for the steady state serum theophylline concentrations were 5-10 mg/l in the low dose period, 10-15 mg/l in the medium dose, and 15-20 mg/l in the high dose period. ENDPOINTS--Respiratory function as measured by forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow rate, slow vital capacity, and static lung volumes using helium dilution and body plethysmography from which trapped gas volume was derived. Exercise performance assessed by six minute walking test and diary cards using visual analogue scale. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--The forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow rate changed only slightly (about 13%) over the range of doses. There was a linear dose dependent fall of trapped gas volume from 1.84 l (SE 0.157) to 1.42 l (0.152), 1.05 l (0.128), and 0.67 l (0.102) during the placebo and low, medium, and high dose treatment periods. Mean walking distance increased by up to 55.6 m (20%). There was a modest improvement in dyspnoea as the dose of theophylline was increased. Side effects were mostly minor but they became more frequent as the dose was increased. CONCLUSION--The fall in trapped gas volume may reflect an improvement in peripheral ventilation (associated with treatment with theophylline) which is less apparent in the more common tests of lung function used in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease.
Acute Retention of Urine
Authors: A. W. Badenoch
Journal: BMJ (1955)

Human β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice are commonly used to test potential therapeutics for Alzheimer9s disease. We have characterized the dynamics of β-amyloid (Aβ) generation and deposition following γ-secretase inhibition with compound LY-411575 [<i>N</i><sup>2</sup>-[(2<i>S</i>)-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethanoyl]-<i>N</i><sup>1</sup>-[(7<i>S</i>)-5-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5<i>H</i>-dibenzo[<i>b</i>,<i>d</i>]azepin-7-yl]-l-alaninamide]. Kinetic studies in preplaque mice distinguished a detergent-soluble Aβ pool in brain with rapid turnover (half-lives for Aβ40 and Aβ42 were 0.7 and 1.7 h) and a much more stable, less soluble pool. Aβ in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflected the changes in the soluble brain Aβ pool, whereas plasma Aβ turned over more rapidly. In brain, APP C-terminal fragments (CTF) accumulated differentially. The half-lives for γ-secretase degradation were estimated as 0.4 and 0.1 h for C99 and C83, respectively. Three different APP transgenic lines responded very similarly to γ-secretase inhibition regardless of the familial Alzheimer9s disease mutations in APP. Amyloid deposition started with Aβ42, whereas Aβ38 and Aβ40 continued to turn over. Chronic γ-secretase inhibition lowered amyloid plaque formation to a different degree in different brain regions of the same mice. The extent was inversely related to the initial amyloid load in the region analyzed. No evidence for plaque removal below baseline was obtained. γ-Secretase inhibition led to a redistribution of intracellular Aβ and an elevation of CTFs in neuronal fibers. In CSF, Aβ showed a similar turnover as in preplaque animals demonstrating its suitability as marker of newly generated, soluble Aβ in plaque-bearing brain. This study supports the use of APP transgenic mice as translational models to characterize Aβ-lowering therapeutics.