tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relation of Growth of Hair on Digits to the Severity of Ischemia
Authors: Meyer Naide
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

IN the management of patients with gangrene one is frequently confronted with the difficulty of deciding whether conservative treatment should be continued or amputation advised. Present-day tests do not always offer help. During observation of the course of patients with ischemic, necrotic lesions it was noted that when there was a good growth of hair on the toes the lesions almost always healed. On the other hand, when the hair growth was reduced or absent on the toes of an ischemic extremity, as compared with the opposite extremity, lesions rarely healed, and amputation was necessary in most cases. Although it . . .
Relationships Between Length of Stay in and out of the New York State Mental Hospitals
Authors: ABBOTT S. WEINSTEIN, DIANE DIPASQUALE, FREDERICK WINSOR
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

Most of the patients who left the New York State hospitals during the past six years remained out for substantial periods of time. The length of time out of the hospitals was related to the length of stay in the hospitals only to a minor degree, but the length of time out was strongly related to the number of previous hospitalizations. Patients aged 16 to 64 years left much sooner and returned slightly sooner than the younger or older patients. Inpatient stays were shortened markedly from 1966 to 1971. The length of time out of the hospitals after inpatient stays also tended to decrease, but to a far lesser extent; 1971 showed an exception to the trend.
Impairment of serum albumin antioxidant properties in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
Authors: P. Faure, R. Tamisier, J-P. Baguet, A. Favier, S. Halimi, P. Lévy, J-L. Pépin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Antioxidant counteraction of oxidative stress has been poorly explored in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Serum albumin is a major antioxidant agent and structural modifications induced by glucose or free radicals impair its antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to compare antioxidant capacities and structural changes of albumin in nonobese OSA patients and healthy volunteers. Albumin structural changes were studied by quenching of fluorescence in the presence of acrylamide. Albumin thiols and fructosamines, reflecting oxidation- and glycation-induced changes in serum albumin, respectively, were assessed. Albumin structural changes were demonstrated by a significant decrease in quenching of fluorescence in OSA patients. Oxidation, resulting in a significant decrease in thiol groups (3.7±0.7 versus 2.3±0.4 μmol·g −1 protein), and glycation, associated with a significant increase in fructosamines (226.6±27 versus 286±44.4 μmol·L −1 ), were found when comparing healthy volunteers with OSA patients. There was a significant relationship between both parameters and sleep apnoea severity. After continuous positive airway pressure intervention, albumin thiol groups were reassessed in seven of the 16 OSA patients and increased significantly from 2.25±0.39 to 2.79±0.31 µmol·g −1 protein. Obstructive sleep apnoea patients demonstrated a reduction in serum albumin antioxidant properties that may aggravate oxidative stress and, thus, contribute to cardiovascular and metabolic morbidities.
A NEW AND INEXPENSIVE INTRATRACHEAL INSUFFLATION OUTFIT
Authors: Moses Salzer
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Intratracheal insufflation anesthesia is a method of etherization of such great value in selected cases that all hospitals should be equipped with an apparatus for its administration, and all anesthetists should be familiar with the technic. An apparatus of this sort is also of great value in resuscitative work as a substitute for artificial respiration. Most of the apparatus on the market, however, cost in the neighborhood of $250, which is prohibitive in many instances. The accompanying illustration shows an apparatus which has given perfect satisfaction in my hands, embodies all the advantages of practically every machine on the market, and can be profitably sold at about one-fourth the price of any other machine. The construction is exceedingly simple. It weighs about 40 pounds with the case and can be easily carried. The apparatus itself consists of a 1/10-horse-power motor with a rheostat connected with a rotary blower (2), such
Royal Society of Medicine Services Limited
Authors: D. I. Williams, H. White, J. Moll, A J H. Rains, T. Casey, J. Walton
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Christmas my wife said that she could not take the situation any more and left.I think that this highlights two points.Firstly, the career structure of medicine, especially the surgical specialties, requires a high degree of mobility to find jobs and a large degree of luck to pass examinations with low pass rates that have become entrance examinations (rather than exit examinations) to higher training.Secondly, and most importantly, my experience has highlighted the need for good and continuing communication in a marriage.I thought that my wife and I had this, but, as events show, I was wrong.From speaking with a counsellor at Relate, I gather that doctors seem to be reluctant to admit to poor communication and usually leave it too late to seek help.I strongly endorse the need for an accessible counselling service for doctors and regular stress review.2Now I have another stress to cope with: if I have failed at the most important relationship of my life how can I presume to relate to patients?
Are we slaves to our genetic code?
Authors: Annabel Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A meta-analysis of 42 trials of the type 2 diabetes drug rosiglitazone (Avandia) has shown a significantly raised risk of myocardial infarction and an increase in cardiovascular deaths that did not quite reach statistical significance (New England Journal of Medicine 2007 May 21 doi: 10.1056/ NEJMoa072761).The analysis by Steven Nissen and Kathy Wolski, of the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, included 15 560 patients randomly assigned to regimens that included rosiglitazone, and 12 283 patients assigned to regimens that did not.The mean age of patients was 56 years, and the mean baseline glycated haemoglobin concentration was about 8.2%.Patients receiving rosiglitazone had an odds ratio for myocardial infarction of 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.98, P=0.03).The odds ratio for death from cardiovascular causes was 1.64 (0.98 to 2.74, P=0.06).An editorial (doi: 10.1056/NEJMe078099) criticised the Food and Drug Administration for approving the drug on the basis of only its efficacy in glycaemic control in short term studies and also for a poor system for reporting adverse events after marketing.Bruce Psaty of the University of Washington in Seattle and Curt Furberg of Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, also say that the Food and Drug Administration Revitalization Act, now moving through Congress, should be strengthened so that the FDA can follow a drug through its life cycle, with new emphasis on postmarketing.The FDA posted a safety alert on its website, cautioning patients taking the drug who have heart disease or are at high risk of a heart attack to talk to their doctors (www.fda.gov).GlaxoSmithKline said it "strongly disagrees" with the findings (www.gsk.com). Study links diabetes drug to heart deathsUK
HATPIN IN MALE URETHRA
Authors: Charles S. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In the literature there are many case reports of hatpins introduced into the male urethra. In fact, these occurred with such frequency at one time that the<i>New York Medical Journal</i>(1910) had an editorial on the subject. This type of foreign body has been employed to start the urinary flow in stricture of the urethra and in obstruction caused by prostatic hypertrophy; it has also been used as a form of masturbation. J. P., aged 64, had had intermittent attacks of hesitancy in starting the urinary flow. On these occasions, he would pass the ball end of a hatpin into the urethra for a distance of 3 or 4 inches. On withdrawal, the urine could be made to pass. The day the patient was brought to my office, he had introduced the beaded end of a hatpin into the urethra, when it suddenly slipped from his fingers and passed
Safety and Efficacy of Fluticasone and Beclomethasone in Moderate to Severe Asthma
Authors: R. A. PAUWELS, J. C. YERNAULT, M. G. DEMEDTS, P. GEUSENS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

There are still some concerns about the safety of high doses of inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS). We compared the safety and efficacy of fluticasone propionate (FP) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) in 306 patients with moderate to severe asthma in a double-blind, multicenter, cross-over study of 12 mo duration. During the 1-mo run-in period, bronchodilators were replaced by salmeterol 50 microg twice daily, increasing morning peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) by 28 L/min (p < 0.001) and FEV1 by 6.2% predicted (p < 0.001). At randomization the current ICS was replaced by 500 microg BDP or 250 microg FP in accordance with previously taken 500 microg BDP or 400 microg budesonide (BUD). No significant differences between the two treatments regarding morning plasma cortisol, urinary excretion of calcium and hydroxyproline, FEV1, and PEFR were observed at any time point during the study. Osteocalcin and bone mineral density (BMD) were improved over baseline in the FP group, resulting in higher serum osteocalcin levels (mean difference 0.28 ng/ml; p < 0.001) and higher BMD in the spine (1.0%; p = 0.05), femoral neck (1.6; p < 0.01), and Ward's triangle (3.6%; p = 0.01) as compared with BDP. We conclude that chronic treatment with FP, at half the dose of BDP, results in a similar antiasthma effect but a more favorable safety profile with respect to bone metabolism and mineral density.
Role for Stromal Heterogeneity in Prostate Tumorigenesis
Authors: Maria A. Kiskowski, Roger S. Jackson, Jheelam Banerjee, Xiaohong Li, Minchul Kang, Juan M. Iturregui, Omar E. Franco, Simon W. Hayward, Neil A. Bhowmick
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Prostate cancer develops through a stochastic mechanism whereby precancerous lesions on occasion progress to multifocal adenocarcinoma. Analysis of human benign and cancer prostate tissues revealed heterogeneous loss of TGF-β signaling in the cancer-associated stromal fibroblastic cell compartment. To test the hypothesis that prostate cancer progression is dependent on the heterogeneous TGF-β responsive microenvironment, a tissue recombination experiment was designed in which the ratio of TGF-β responsive and nonresponsive stromal cells was varied. Although 100% TGF-β responsive stromal cells supported benign prostate growth and 100% TGF-β nonresponsive stromal cells resulted in precancerous lesions, only the mixture of TGF-β responsive and nonresponsive stromal cells resulted in adenocarcinoma. A computational model was used to resolve a mechanism of tumorigenic progression in which proliferation and invasion occur in two independent steps mediated by distinct stromally derived paracrine signals produced by TGF-β nonresponsive and responsive stromal cells. Complex spatial relationships of stromal and epithelial cells were incorporated into the model on the basis of experimental data. Informed by incorporation of experimentally derived spatial parameters for complex stromal–epithelial relationships, the computational model indicated ranges for the relative production of paracrine factors by each cell type and provided bounds for the diffusive range of the molecules. Because SDF-1 satisfied model predictions for an invasion-promoting paracrine factor, a more focused computational model was subsequently used to investigate whether SDF-1 was the invasion signal. Simulations replicating SDF-1 expression data revealed the requirement for cooperative SDF-1 expression, a prediction supported biologically by heterotypic stromal interleukin-1β signaling between fibroblastic cell populations. The cancer stromal field effect supports a functional role for the unaltered fibroblasts as a cooperative mediator of cancer progression. Cancer Res; 71(10); 3459–70. ©2011 AACR.
<i>Trichophyton</i> sensitivity in allergic and nonallergic asthma
Authors: D. Mungan, S. Bavbek, V. Peksari, G. Çelik, E. Gügey, Z. Mısırlıgil
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Although the role of inhaled fungi in inducing asthma has been repeatedly confirmed, there are few reports about the association of asthma with dermatophyte sensitivity and the causal role of Trichophyton allergy in asthma. The objective was to investigate the presence of Trichophyton sensitivity among patients with allergic and nonallergic asthma in combination with tinea, and to compare the situation with several control groups in order to evaluate the factors determining Trichophyton sensitivity. Methods: A total of 86 subjects (55 female, 31 male) with a mean age of 38.6±11.1 years were included in the study. The patients were divided into five groups: 1) nonallergic asthma plus tinea ( n =19) 2) allergic asthma plus tinea ( n =15) 3) asthma without tinea ( n =22) 4) tinea without asthma ( n =17) 5) healthy controls ( n =13). Skin tests with standardized extracts of T. rubrum and specific IgE measurements were performed in all subjects. All patients were also subjected to microscopic evaluation and fungal culture for dermatophyte infection. Results: The skin test positivity rate to Trichophyton extract of groups 1 (63.1%), 2 (46.7%), and 4 (47.1%) was higher than that in groups 3 (4.4%) and 5 (7.7%) ( P &lt;0.05). Although not significant, the rates of sensitivity to T. rubrum (63.1%) and of severe asthma (31.6%) were higher in the group with nonallergic asthma with tinea (group 1) than in other groups. Among 51 patients in whom direct microscopic evaluation revealed dermatophyte infection, 60.8% had positive fungal cultures for T. rubrum (58.1%), T. mentagrophytes (35.5%), and Candida (6.4%). Conclusions: According to our data, the presence of fungal infection seems to be an important determinant in hypersensitivity to Trichophyton whether or not the subject is asthmatic and/or allergic. Since a greater proportion of patients with nonallergic asthma – in whom the rate of severe asthma was also higher – showed positive skin tests to Trichophyton extracts in this study, we believe that patients with severe, intrinsic asthma should be examined for signs of fungal infection and tested to determine immediate hypersensitivity to dermatophyte antigens.
THE RELATION EXISTING BETWEEN DISEASES OF THE CONJUNCTIVA. NOSE AND THROAT.
Authors: HEMAN H. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

My purpose in selecting this subject is not that I have any thing especially new or original to offer, but rather because I feel certain that in our text-books and literature too little time and space are devoted to the intimate association which exists between the conjunctiva, nose and throat, and as a consequence, faulty results are sometimes obtained in their treatment. From an anatomic standpoint, we admit a close relation through the lachrymal channel, and accept this as a most intimate and direct means of communication between the nose and conjunctival cul-de-sac, and do not hesitate to ascribe to certain conditions found in the nasal cavity the cause of disease so frequently found in the lachrymal sac and canal. It is not, however, to this direct means of communication, and the generally accepted lachrymal diseases, which I desire to call attention, but rather to the class of cases more
Insulinlike Growth Factor I: A Potent Mitogen for Human Osteogenic Sarcoma
Authors: M. N. Pollak, C. Polychronakos, M. Richard
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Insulinlike Growth Factor I: A Potent Mitogen for Human Osteogenic Sarcoma Get access Michael N. Pollak, Michael N. Pollak * Departments of Medicine, Oncology, and Pediatrics, McGill UniversityMontreal, Canada *Correspondence to : Michael N. Pollak, M.D., Lady Davis Research Institute of the Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote St. Catherine Rd., Montreal, PQ, Canada H3T 1E2. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Constantine Polychronakos, Constantine Polychronakos Departments of Medicine, Oncology, and Pediatrics, McGill UniversityMontreal, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Martine Richard Martine Richard Departments of Medicine, Oncology, and Pediatrics, McGill UniversityMontreal, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 4, 21 February 1990, Pages 301–305, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.4.301 Published: 21 February 1990 Article history Received: 17 August 1989 Revision received: 31 October 1989 Accepted: 03 November 1989 Published: 21 February 1990
Allele Frequency of Abo and Rh Blood Group and the Risk of Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: A. Kapoor, N. Kumar, A. Kalwar, S. Narayan, R.K. Nirban, S.L. Jakhar, S.K. Beniwal, N. Sharma, H.S. Kumar, A. Sharma
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Future Roles of Subspecialists
Authors: Eugene M. Bozymski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 September 1996Future Roles of SubspecialistsEugene M. Bozymski, MDEugene M. Bozymski, MDUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00043 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest the insightful position paper by Langdon and colleagues [1] on the future roles and training of internal medicine specialists. Certainly, strong subspecialist basic scientists will always be needed alongside subspecialist clinical investigators and subspecialist clinicians. It is also clear that each requires more specific and differing emphasis on certain aspects of training.A problem can develop when the subspecialist basic scientist or subspecialist clinical investigator is required to adopt a more clinical role. This sequence of events seems to occur more commonly than it has in the past; if the physician has had ...REFERENCE1. Langdon LO, Toskes PP, Kimball HR, the American Board of Internal Medicine Task Force on Subspecialty Internal Medicine. Future roles and training of internal medicine subspecialists. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:686-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 6Page: 524KeywordsFellowshipsForecastingPatientsScientistsSub-specialty care Issue Published: 15 September 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Noninvasive radioisotopic technique for detection of platelet deposition in coronary artery bypass grafts in dogs and its reduction with platelet inhibitors.
Authors: V Fuster, M K Dewanjee, M P Kaye, M Josa, M P Metke, J H Chesebro
Journal: Circulation (1979)

At 8 and 32 hours after saphenous vein bypass graft surgery in six dogs, in vivo images of the graft were obtained with a gamma camera after intravenous injection, 2 hours postoperatively of autologous platelets labeled with indium-111. Platelet deposition in the grafts could be imaged in vivo from the scintiphotos. In vitro images of the excised heart showed saphenous vein graft uptake confirming the in vivo image. In vitro determination of radioactivity in the graft averaged 17 +/- 14 times greater than in blood and 33 +/- 26 times greater than in the lung. Under identical conditions, in eight dogs treated with dipyridamole (55 mg/day) plus aspirin (325 mg/day), the grafts appeared to have considerably less platelet deposition as estimated by imaging. In vitro determination of radioactivity in the graft averaged 5 +/- 2 times greater than in blood and 8 +/- 4 times greater than in the lung (p less than 0.01). This noninvasive technique may be a promising tool for a better understanding of the role played by platelets in the process of occlusion of saphenous vein bypass grafts in man and its prevention with platelet inhibotors.
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels in arthritis: a correlation with clinical and laboratory indices of disease activity.
Authors: J R Lowe, M E Pickup, J S Dixon, P A Leatham, V M Rhind, V Wright, W W Downie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) was measured in 62 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 27 with osteoarthrosis (OA). The values for GGTP were significantly higher in the subjects with RA compared with the OA group. The prevalence of elevation of GGTP was higher in the RA subjects (77%) than in the OA patients (33%). Levels of GGTP correlated significantly with a number of objective indices of activity of RA in a separate group of 28 patients. Following treatment with penicillamine, GGTP levels showed a significant drop towards normal levels.
ON THE TOXIC ACTION OF DISSOLVED SALTS AND THEIR ELECTROLYTIC DISSOCIATION.
Authors: LOUIS KAHLENBERG
Journal: JAMA (1896)

reports.These come from veterinarians and others throughout France, who have used the serum imme- diately after operations on animals.Among 375 ani- mals (327 horses, 47 lambs and 1 ox) the injections were successful and not a case of tetanus occurred.During the same time fifty-five cases of tetanus were observed among non-inoculated animals.Two injections of the serum are given, of 20 c.c. and 10 c.c. with a fifteen days interval between.fl ¡[Picard records that, during 1891-94, fifteen horses succumbed; during 1895, in which year he used the antitoxic serum, none.Coret lost, previous to 1895, from thirty to forty horses yearly by tetanus: in 1895 none succumbed.Before the use of antitoxin he lost an average of fifteen horses each semester; in 1895, fifty-four suffered from wounds both accidental and operatory, and none died.During the same semester, among non-treated animals seven died from tetanus.Therefore eight horses were saved by the use of the antitoxic serum.Following traumatic lesions in animals, tetanus is not such an uncommon accident as it is in man, and we may expect, as seen by the above, some definite results in its use in such cases, the more especially as it is given as soon as possible after the injury.But in the human race we can not say that it has had that success which we first hoped for it.Weshould not yet condemn it, but await the results of larger doses and more powerful serum.