tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Priority in Enterorrhaphy Methods.
Authors: Willard Bartlett
Journal: JAMA (1903)

St. Louis, June 1, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the May 30 issue ofThe Journalappears a most excellent article by Dr. O. Beverly Campbell, under the title "The Single Cuff Method of Circular Enterorraphy. A New Method." My object in writing is to call attention to the fact that the method is not new, although I consider just as much credit due Dr. Campbell for his extensive experiments and for his logical conclusions as though he had been the first to publish the method. <i>Die Beitrœge zur klinischen Chirurgie</i>, Bd. XIV (1895), 1-136, contains an article by R. von Frey, entitled "Ueber Technik der Darmnaht," in which he advances as original the operative procedure which Dr. Campbell has made the basis of such good work. Von Frey operated on ten dogs, of which number nine survived; while his microscopic specimens show the condition of the line of union
Leptin Acts via Leptin Receptor-Expressing Lateral Hypothalamic Neurons to Modulate the Mesolimbic Dopamine System and Suppress Feeding
Authors: Gina M. Leinninger, Young-Hwan Jo, Rebecca L. Leshan, Gwendolyn W. Louis, Hongyan Yang, Jason G. Barrera, Hilary Wilson, Darren M. Opland, Miro A. Faouzi, Yusong Gong, Justin C. Jones, Christopher J. Rhodes, Streamson Chua, Sabrina Diano, Tamas L. Horvath, Randy J. Seeley, Jill B. Becker, Heike Münzberg, Martin G. Myers
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2009)
Pain is not the only cause of distress in dementia
Authors: C. Regnard
Journal: BMJ (2011)

When someone with severe communication difficulties is agitated and distressed, it is tempting to try analgesia on the assumption that pain is common,1 but this approach is flawed.

Firstly, behavioural disturbances can have many different causes; causes such as constipation will be worsened by opioid analgesia. …
Pain
Authors: Timothy L. Sternberg
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Evolutionary History of the Coral Genus Acropora (Scleractinia, Cnidaria) Based on a Mitochondrial and a Nuclear Marker: Reticulation, Incomplete Lineage Sorting, or Morphological Convergence?
Authors: Madeleine J. H. van Oppen, Brenda J. McDonald, Bette Willis, David J. Miller
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

This study examines molecular relationships across a wide range of species in the mass spawning scleractinian coral genus Acropora. Molecular phylogenies were obtained for 28 species using DNA sequence analyses of two independent markers, a nuclear intron and the mtDNA putative control region. Although the compositions of the major clades in the phylogenies based on these two markers were similar, there were several important differences. This, in combination with the fact that many species were not monophyletic, suggests either that introgressive hybridization is occurring or that lineage sorting is incomplete. The molecular tree topologies bear little similarity to the results of a recent cladistic analysis based on skeletal morphology and are at odds with the fossil record. We hypothesize that these conflicting results may be due to the same morphology having evolved independently more than once in Acropora and/or the occurrence of extensive interspecific hybridization and introgression in combination with morphology being determined by a small number of genes. Our results indicate that many Acropora species belong to a species complex or syngameon and that morphology has little predictive value with regard to syngameon composition. Morphological species in the genus often do not correspond to genetically distinct evolutionary units. Instead, species that differ in timing of gamete release tend to constitute genetically distinct clades.
Test all adults aged 15 to 65 for HIV, recommends task force
Authors: E. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A government task force has drafted a recommendation that everyone in the United States aged between 15 and 65 should be tested for HIV, in an effort to curb transmission and to get treatment to those already infected.

The US Preventive Services Task Force said that its draft recommendation, which is also aimed at all pregnant girls and women, seeks to …
Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C activation is required for CCR5-dependent, NF-kB–driven CCL2 secretion elicited in response to HIV-1 gp120 in human primary macrophages
Authors: Laura Fantuzzi, Francesca Spadaro, Cristina Purificato, Serena Cecchetti, Franca Podo, Filippo Belardelli, Sandra Gessani, Carlo Ramoni
Journal: Blood (2008)
The Barium Enema
Authors: Roscoe E. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1976)

PROCTOSIGMOIDOSCOPY (PSS) and the barium enema (BE) have historically been extremely valuable diagnostic tools in the study of colon disease. Since the BE provided an examination far beyond the capability of PSS, and PSS could be used to directly examine the more difficult areas for radiologic evaluation (rectum and rectosigmoid), the two techniques were obviously complementary. The recent advent of colonoscopy (CS) (examination of the entire colon by fiberoptic techniques) is basically an extension of PSS. Does the currently available technique of direct CS visualization of the entire colon now make BE obsolete? Current evidence supports the contention that CS and the BE are also complementary. Each technique has its distinct advantages and disadvantages. The clinician must be fully aware of the relative merits of each method so as to utilize these tools most effectively. Just as it is true for the BE and all other diagnostic modalities, including the
A new subgroup of lectin-bound biliary proteins binds to cholesterol crystals, modifies crystal morphology, and inhibits cholesterol crystallization.
Authors: N Busch, F Lammert, H U Marschall, S Matern
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Biliary proteins inhibiting or promoting cholesterol crystallization are assumed to play a major role in cholesterol gallstone pathogenesis. We now report a new group of biliary proteins that bind to cholesterol crystals, modify crystal morphology, and inhibit cholesterol crystallization. Various glycoprotein mixtures were extracted from abnormal human gallbladder bile using lectin affinity chromatography on concanavalin A, lentil, and Helix pomatia columns and were added to supersaturated model bile. Independent of the protein mixtures added, from the cholesterol crystals harvested, the same four GPs were isolated having molecular masses of 16, 28, 63, and 74 kD, respectively. Each protein was purified using preparative SDS-PAGE, and influence on cholesterol crystallization in model bile was tested at 10 microg/ml. Crystal growth was reduced by 76% (GP63), 65% (GP16), 55% (GP74), and 40% (GP28), respectively. Thus, these glycoproteins are the most potent biliary inhibitors of cholesterol crystallization known so far. Evidence that the inhibiting effect on cholesterol crystallization is mediated via protein-crystal interaction was further provided from scanning electron microscopy studies. Crystals grown in presence of inhibiting proteins showed significantly more ordered structures. Incidence of triclinic crystals and regular aggregates was shifted from 30 to 70% compared with controls. These observations may have important implications for understanding the role of biliary proteins in cholesterol crystallization and gallstone pathogenesis.
Acute L-triiodothyronine administration potentiates inotropic responses to β-adrenergic stimulation in the isolated perfused rat heart
Authors: Emile T. Tielens, J. R. Forder, J. C. Chatham, Sean P Marrelli, P. W. Ladenson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Acute inotropic effects of triiodothyronine (T3) have been reported, employing both in vivo experimental animal models and in vitro isolated heart perfusions. However, the mechanisms responsible for these acute inotropic effects remain unclear. The aim of this study, therefore, was to delineate the role of the beta-adrenergic receptor system in these acute responses.The hearts from both euthyroid and hypothyroid (treated with 0.05% PTU in drinking water) male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in 5 experimental study protocols. Hearts from euthyroid rats were perfused with buffer containing either T3(10(-7) M) or control while continuously recording left ventricular function for 10 min ('acute effects'). Two-hour perfusions ('subacute effects') and cardiac responses following increasing doses of isoproterenol (10(-10) to 10(-6) M) in the presence or absence of T3-containing buffer (acute interaction) were also determined. In hypothyroid rats, the subacute responses and the acute interactions were investigated.In the presence of T3, an acute, significant potentiation of the inotropic responses following beta-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol was observed in both rat cohorts, which was more pronounced in hearts from euthyroid rats. An acute (< 40 s), but transient (79 +/- 8 s), direct inotropic response was observed in hearts from euthyroid rats. No cardiac responses were seen during a 2-h perfusion in hearts from either euthyroid or hypothyroid rats.The acute inotropic effects of T3 in non-ischemic myocardium probably result from an acute interaction between T3 and catecholamines rather than through a direct inotropic effect of T3 alone.
EFFECTS OF VIBRATION TRAINING IN DEGENERATIVE CEREBRAL MICROANGIOPATHY ON MOTOR PERFORMANCE
Authors: Nico Nitzsche, Fritjof Reinhardt
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background The degenerative cerebral microangiopathy (CMA) is a disease penetrating brain arteries with the result of single or multiple acute small subcortical infarcts with or without associated leukoencephalopathy. The consequences are focal neurological deficits, gait and balance disorders, and vascular dementia (de Laat. 2010 &amp; 2012). Previously, stimulus set showed in neurological degenerative diseases due to the high density stimulus positive effects on motor activity (del Pozo Cruz et al 2012; Claerbout et al 2012). The prevalence in people over 60 years is at 20–30%. The pilot study was to examine the goal of a multi-week vibration training on motor performance of patients. Methods Thirty-two patients (72.7±8.5 years, BMI 28.9±4.3 kg/m 2 ) with mild to moderate CMA were studied before and after training on postural control (C1=Condition 1 &amp; C2=Condition 2), isometric trunk strength, hand strength response and quality of life (SF 36). The measurements of postural control were in the upright position on an unstable platform and have a quiet place with disturbance (Haider Posturomed®). The oscillation travel (s) and oscillation velocity (v) (Noraxon® 6g) of the stood plate were observed. The strength of the hull (anterior/posterior) and the hand (Vernier®) were measured isometrically (Dr. Wolf® Back Check). The assessment of gait (30m) was performed using an inertial sensor (Lokometrix®). A thirty meters distance has been covered. Step frequency, stride length, walking speed and symmetry were measured. Training was performed 3 times weekly for 10 weeks on a vibration plate (Galileo®) with sinusoidal oscillations. Static and dynamic exercises were used while standing. Results There were completed 23±3.2 training sessions (16.7±4 minutes. 20.5±4.6 Hz. A=4mm). Postural control (C1: sprä=0.66±0.9 m vs. spost=0.33±0.3 m; vprä=4.4±5.6 m/s vs. vpost=2.5±3.9 m/s. C2: speed: vprä=9.1±6.2 m/s; vpost=6.2±3.2 m/s; sprä: 1.0±0.8 m; spost 0.5±0.2 m) improved in both conditions significantly (p&lt;0.01). There were significant increases in isometric trunk strength (ventral: 2.8±1.3 to 3.3±1.4 N/kg; dorsal: 3.4±1.8 to 3.9±2.1 N/kg; p&lt;0.01) and improvements in five of eight items in quality of life (physical function, role function of physical body, general health, social functioning, emotional role; p&lt;0.01). Changes in gait and hand strength were not available (p&gt;0.05). Discussion Initial findings by vibration training on motor performance could be gained. Several weeks of vibration training could become a key therapeutic approach for Training CMA present affecting the motor skills disorders positively. Postural control and quality of life appear as signficantly improved values. Often these are important requirements for activation of bodys. The next step should be followed by a randomized trial.
Hirsutism, Obesity, and Phenothiazine Therapy-Reply
Authors: William D. Weitzel
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We welcome the opportunity to clarify the issues raised by Dr Wieland. During the patient's recent hospitalization, her testosterone levels read at two different times were 0.23 and 0.39 ng/mL (normal range, 0.25 to 0.75 ng/mL). The free testosterone level was 2.93% (normal range, 1.1% to 2.4%). A sex steroid binding globulin assay is not available at our medical center. It is a well-established clinical finding that weight gain is associated with long-term phenothiazine use, but associated hirsutism has not been described to date.<sup>1,2</sup>We agree that this patient's endocrine changes may have been associated with weight gain, but they also appear to be associated with long-term phenothiazine use. Until the neurophysiological alterations that are responsible for both weight gain and hirsutism in patients receiving long-term phenothiazine neuroleptic therapy are elucidated, procedures like restrictive diets or intestinal bypass surgery should be used with caution.
THE DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF BLOOD UREA IN UROLOGY
Authors: ALBERT E. GOLDSTEIN
Journal: JAMA (1918)

did not correspond.Schwartz and McGill,8 in their series of 211 cases, have shown conclusively the impor¬ tance of blood urea, and Tileston and Comfort9 have demonstrated the relationship of it in health and dis¬ ease.Gillard10 employs it with great satisfaction in the diagnosis of surgical diseases of the urinary tract and Scherck and Gradwohl11 have shown conclusively that no urologie case is completely examined for diag¬ nosis or operation without the employment of a reten¬ tion test.
Evaluation of Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis in Heart Failure With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Contrast-Enhanced T1 Mapping
Authors: Leah Iles, Heinz Pfluger, Arintaya Phrommintikul, Joshi Cherayath, Pelin Aksit, Sandeep N. Gupta, David M. Kaye, Andrew J. Taylor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
National Human Rights Commission issues notice to Delhi's Safdarjung Hospital over deaths of children
Authors: S. Bhaumik
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is investigating an allegation of excessive deaths among children at Safdarjung Hospital in Delhi. The allegation blames several factors for the deaths, including an unhygienic environment and an acute shortage of essential services such as ventilators.

The NHRC has issued a notice to the hospital and the secretary of the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, after it was presented with information obtained under the Right …
Successful treatment of sporotrichosis with oral fluconazole: a report of three cases
Authors: L.G.M. CASTRO, W. BELDA, L.C. CUCE, S.A.P. SAMPAIO, D.A. STEVENS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

We report three cases of sporotrichosis successfully treated with oral fluconazole. A verrucous lesion on the toe was cured after 126 days, and a lesion on the left foot resolved after 91 days' treatment. A case of lymphangitic-type sporotrichosis required 174 days of treatment to achieve a cure, and a higher dose (400 mg daily) was necessary in this case. Any side-effects were insignificant. We conclude that this new bis-triazole compound can be successfully used as an alternative treatment for sporotrichosis when conventional drugs must be avoided.
Enthoven's Health Plan
Authors: Duncan Neuhauser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

IN his new book,* Enthoven argues that giving the consumer a choice among large, competing medical-care providers is the best response to the problem of rising medical costs. Each year families are to enroll with one of several competing insurers or health-maintenance organizations (HMO's), some of which cost more than others. If a family chooses a costlier option, it will pay higher monthly premiums. Therefore, the consumer has reason to be cost conscious. Providers who wish to survive and grow will have to control costs, thereby solving the national problem of soaring medical expenses. In my opinion, this . . .
A patent heart failure is the most predictive factor of in‐hospital mortality in patients &gt; 80 years old hospitalised with the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease
Authors: J. Lipiecki, E. Rannou, V. Boulet, E. Albuisson, F. Philippot, O. de Tauriac, N. Durel, M. Léandri, A. Hamzaoui, J. Ponsonnaille
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Hiatus hernia and heartburn
Authors: E. W. Gillison, W. M. Capper, G. R. Airth, M. J. Gibson, I. Bradford
Journal: Gut (1969)

The symptoms in a group of 80 patients with a pure sliding hiatus hernia were investigated using the pyloric regulation test (Capper, Airth, and Kilby, 1966). It was found that there was a high correlation between the symptoms of heartburn and the reflux of duodenal barium into the stomach.
A prospective clinicopathologic study of dose-modified CODOX-M/IVAC in patients with sporadic Burkitt lymphoma defined using cytogenetic and immunophenotypic criteria (MRC/NCRI LY10 trial)
Authors: Graham M. Mead, Sharon L. Barrans, Wendi Qian, Jan Walewski, John A. Radford, Max Wolf, Simon M. Clawson, Sally P. Stenning, Claire L. Yule, Andrew S. Jack
Journal: Blood (2008)
Baf60c drives glycolytic metabolism in the muscle and improves systemic glucose homeostasis through Deptor-mediated Akt activation
Authors: Zhuo-Xian Meng, Siming Li, Lin Wang, Hwi Jin Ko, Yongjin Lee, Dae Young Jung, Mitsuharu Okutsu, Zhen Yan, Jason K Kim, Jiandie D Lin
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Effect of cimetidine suspension on appetite and weight in overweight subjects.
Authors: G Stoa-Birketvedt
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To investigate the weight reducing effect of cimetidine, comparing it with placebo. DESIGN--Block randomised parallel group double blind study using suspensions with identical appearance and taste. SETTING--Primary care practice. SUBJECTS--55 women and 5 men aged 18-59, body mass index 25-37 kg/m2, completed the study according to the protocol. INTERVENTIONS--Cimetidine suspension 200 mg or placebo 30 minutes was given before the three main meals for eight weeks. Subjects followed a diet restricted to 5 MJ/day supplemented with 9 g fibre per day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Weight reduction; abdominal and hip circumferences and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were also recorded. RESULTS--Subjects given cimetidine lost a mean of 7.3 (95% confidence interval 6.5 to 8.3) kg more than subjects given placebo (p < 0.001); body mass index decreased 3.33 (SD 0.76) and 0.77 (0.43), respectively (p < 0.001). Abdominal and hip circumference was decreased more in the cimetidine group (8.6 (3.9) cm and 7.8 (3.1) cm) than in the placebo group (2.2 (1.5) cm and 2.1 (1.5) cm). Mean reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were greater in the cimetidine group than the placebo group (mean 5.8 v 0.4 and 6.5 v 0.4, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION--Intake of cimetidine suspension 30 minutes before meals in overweight subjects may lead to reduced hunger, less food intake, and subsequent weight loss. This effect may be due to the suppression of gastric acid secretion. Cimetidine suspension may be a valuable adjunct in treating obesity.
Stop Use of Isoniazid?
Authors: WALLACE J. MULLIGAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments and Correction1 October 1974Stop Use of Isoniazid?WALLACE J. MULLIGAN, M.D.WALLACE J. MULLIGAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-4-570_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Harold Israel's thoughtful urgings to discontinue isoniazid prophylaxis are the reflections of a physician who has dealt with tuberculosis firsthand for a long time. But a call to discontinue isoniazid prophylaxis across the board requires rethinking. In repeated studies in the Navy, in urban ghetto populations, among the Eskimos, and on Indian reservations, a salient feature emerges: to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis among poverty populations, especially in view of the lack of enthusiasm for BCG vaccine, there is no substitute for an intelligent isoniazid prophylaxis program. Tuberculosis continues to be an illness of poor populations... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WALLACE J. MULLIGAN, M.D.Affiliations: Navajo Nation Health Foundation Sage Memorial Hospital Ganado, Arizona 86505 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1974Volume 81, Issue 4Page: 570-570KeywordsBacille calmette guerinIsoniazidPopulation statisticsProphylaxisVaccines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Chromosome Studies in Schizophrenia
Authors: Theophile Raphael, Margery W. Shaw
Journal: JAMA (1963)

WITHIN THE PAST THREE YEARS the cause of an increasing number of clinical disorders has been elucidated by the study of human chromosomes. Several types of chromosomal abnormalities have been found to occur more frequently in individuals with mental deficiency than in the general population. Since it has been suggested that in certain forms of mental illness there is an underlying genetic defect, and since this group of disorders occupies such a significant portion of the catalog of human diseases, it seemed worthwhile to investigate the possibility that chromosomal anomalies play an important role in specific types of psychosis. Therefore, a small-scale project was undertaken to examine the chromosomes of patients with well-diagnosed and uncomplicated chronic schizophrenia. <h3>Chromosome Studies</h3> Initially, ten adult schizophrenic patients (five men and five women) were chosen for chromosomal analysis from the Ypsilanti State Hospital, Ypsilanti, Mich. All were non-Jewish Caucasians, since they had been
Consciousness and timing
Authors: David Salter
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract This commentary addresses three distinctions: the relationship of conscious to unconscious processes, whether these processes are single or multiple, and the distinction between vehicle and content. Also considered are questions of the relationship between multiple drafts to consciousness, the oneness of phenomenal perception as an illusion, the role of consciousness in the redrafting process, and finally the update frequency for attentional revision.