tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Arachidonic acid metabolism by human monocytes. Studies with platelet-depleted cultures.
Authors: N A Pawlowski, G Kaplan, A L Hamill, Z A Cohn, W A Scott
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

Purified human monocytes release and metabolize endogenous arachidonic acid (20:4) from phospholipid stores when challenged with particulate inflammatory stimuli or the calcium ionophore A23187. Using radiolabeled cultures, the percentage of total [3H]20:4 released was similar with each type of stimulus. However, the spectrum of 20:4 metabolites differed. With opsonized zymosan (OpZ) or Sephadex beads coated with IgG immune complexes (Ig-beads), the predominant product was thromboxane (25% of the total) together with smaller amounts of other cyclo-oxygenase products and lipoxygenase metabolites. Levels of thromboxane synthesis by monocytes were comparable to those by platelets, as measured by radioimmunoassay. In contrast, exposure to the nonspecific agent A23187 led to mainly lipoxygenase products (70% of the total). Monocytes isolated from mononuclear cell fractions of peripheral blood contain platelets specifically rosetted to their surfaces. These platelet contaminants were removed by sequential incubations of monocytes in serum and EDTA followed by adherence and detachment from tissue culture vessels. The presence of platelets in routinely isolated monocytes presented a major difficulty in the study of human monocyte 20:4 metabolism since platelets also synthesize thromboxane. Loss of 12-HETE synthesis (16-fold reduction relative to 5-HETE) in A23187-stimulated cultures provided a convenient measure of platelet depletion. This together with the response to monocyte-specific stimuli (OpZ and Ig-beads) allowed for the distinction between monocyte and platelet 20:4 metabolism.
Correction: Incorrect Title in Reference
Authors: JEROME A. BOSCIA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1987Correction: Incorrect Title in ReferenceJEROME A. BOSCIA, M.D.JEROME A. BOSCIA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-1-124_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Reference 14 in an article by Nicolle and colleagues (1) in the May issue of SSAnnals lists the incorrect title for an article on bacteriuria in elderly persons. The correct reference is as follows:BOSCIAJA, KOBASAWD, KNIGHTRA, ABRUTYNE, LEVISONME, KAYED. Epidemiology of bacteriuria in an elderly ambulatory population.Am J Med. 1986;80:208-14....Reference1. NICOLLEHENDERSONBJORNSONMCINTYREHARDINGMACDONNELL LEJMGJ. The association of bacteriuria with resident characteristics and survival in elderly institutionalized men. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107:682-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JEROME A. BOSCIA, M.D.Affiliations: The Medical College of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19131 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1987Volume 107, Issue 1Page: 124-125KeywordsElderlyEpidemiology ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Penetration of a Topically Administered Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Antibody Fragment into the Anterior Chamber of the Human Eye
Authors: Michael A. Thiel, Andreas Wild, Martin K. Schmid, Oliver Job, Frank Bochmann, Vlasios Loukopoulos, Wolfan Alcantara, Annette Schmidt, Peter Lichtlen, Dominik Escher
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
Receptor-Mediated Peptide Transport through the Blood-Brain Barrier*
Authors: WILLIAM M. PARDRIDGE
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1986)

THERE are at least two incentives for investigating the mechanisms of transport of peptides through the brain capillary wall, i.e. the blood-brain barrier (BBB). First, it is important to understand how circulating peptides, such as insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), transferrin, angiotensinogen, PTH, or others affect the brain, and these effects must necessarily involve the interface between blood and brain. Second, the vast promise of peptides as neuropharmaceuticals has not been realized, and this is due, in large part, to the fact that virtually all of the potential peptide pharmaceuticals are water soluble and, thus, are substantially excluded from entry into brain by the BBB. However, a major purpose of this review is to emphasize that knowledge of the physiological mechanisms that mediate the transport of peptides through the BBB may lead to the development of new strategies for delivery of peptide pharmaceuticals to brain.
Distinct abnormalities in the interaction of purified types IIA and IIB von Willebrand factor with the two platelet binding sites, glycoprotein complexes Ib-IX and IIb-IIIa.
Authors: L De Marco, M Mazzucato, D De Roia, A Casonato, A B Federici, A Girolami, Z M Ruggeri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

We have studied the interaction of the congenitally abnormal type IIA and IIB von Willebrand factor (vWF) molecules, both lacking the larger multimeric forms, with the two vWF binding sites on platelets, the glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX and GP IIb-IIIa complexes. Variant as well as normal (N) vWF were purified from plasma. Estimates for binding of subunit molecules per platelet at saturation (Bmax) and dissociation constant in moles/liter (Kd), respectively, were obtained from binding isotherms of 125I-labeled vWF, with the following results. In the presence of ristocetin (binding to GP Ib-IX): N, 25,693 and 0.5 x 10(-8); IIA, both parameters not measurable; IIB, 17,708 and 0.87 x 10(-8). After thrombin stimulation (binding to GP IIb-IIIa): N, 17,059 and 1.12 x 10(-8); IIA, 23,751 and 4.87 x 10(-8); IIB, 19,890 and 2.52 x 10(-8). Distinct experiments based on measuring the ability of the variant species (from the same patients and one additional IIB patient) to inhibit the binding of normal 125I-vWF to platelets gave results in agreement with those reported above. Other studies showed that only IIB vWF bound to platelets in the absence of any mediating substance (Kd = 5.21 x 10(-8) mol/liter and Bmax = 9,599 subunits per platelet) and induced aggregation at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml (3.6 x 10(-8) M). Thus, IIB vWF binds to GP Ib-IX with high affinity and induces platelet aggregation, whether with or without ristocetin, in spite of the absence of larger multimers. In contrast, the binding of IIA vWF to GP Ib-IX occurs with very decreased affinity, and this defective function may result from specific structural abnormalities rather than just being a reflection of the absence of larger multimeric forms. Both IIA and IIB vWF exhibit decreased affinity for GP IIb-IIIa. In this case, the extent of the defect correlates with the absence of larger multimers.
Chronic Cutaneous Herpes Simplex
Authors: David W. Shneidman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

CHRONIC cutaneous herpes simplex is a distinctive clinical presentation of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) in a compromised host. This infection can be defined as chronically active destructive skin lesions that potentially may progress into the disseminated (systemic) form.<sup>1</sup>While most HSV infections display episodes that show healing in one or two weeks, the lesions of chronic cutaneous herpes simplex have an indolent course that may last for several months. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 68-year-old woman had a four-month history of progressively increasing perirectal pain with slight bleeding. During this period, she lost 5 kg and experienced intermittent fevers up to 38.8 °C at irregular intervals. At the time of admission she appeared thin but was in no acute distress. Physical examination findings were remarkable only for a confluent perianal ulceration that extended from the anus to approximately 10 cm onto both buttocks (Fig 1). The ulcer exhibited
FATAL INFECTIONS FOLLOWING TONSILLECTOMY
Authors: I. HARRISON TUMPEER
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Bacteria invade the tonsillectomy wound, and under certain conditions pass the surface barrier, producing a local or general infection. There are several reports in the literature describing these pictures. In Baum's<sup>1</sup>series of tonsillectomies, three patients developed abscesses in the peritonsillar tissues, and one developed suppurative adenitis of the entire cervical chain. These patients were all operated on under local anesthesia, and Baum suggests that the infection was carried into the tissues by the deep injection of the anesthetic substance. Among the general infections, Dean<sup>2</sup>reported three fatal cases. The temperature ranged from 101 to 103 F. and the glands of the neck were enlarged. On the third day there was difficulty in breathing and swallowing, followed by vomiting, delirium, visual disturbances, pus and blood in the sputum, scanty urine, convulsions and death. One of the patients had a sinus phlebitis, with exophthalmia and panophthalmitis. Another had a
Desloratadine is Effective in Relieving the Nasal and Non-Nasal Symptoms of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis (PAR) in Patients With or Without Concurrent Respiratory Tract Conditions
Authors: C. Loureiro, C. Chieira, M.A.P. Guilherme, A. Arrobas, G. Castelo Branco, F. Inácio, P.L. Pinto, A. Afonso, M. Branco, F.D. Borges, M. Trindade
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
The EPA National Fuels Surveillance Network. I. Trace constituents in gasoline and commercial gasoline fuel additives.
Authors: R H Jungers, R E Lee, D J von Lehmden
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

A National Fuels Surveillance Network has been established to collect gasoline and other fuels through the 10 regional offices of the Environmental Protection Agency. Physical, chemical, and trace element analytical determinations are made on the collected fuel samples to detect components which may present an air pollution hazard or poison exhaust catalytic control devices. A summary of trace elemental constituents in over 50 gasoline samples and 18 commercially marketed consumer purchased gasoline additives is presented. Quantities of Mn, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cu, Fe, Sb, B, Mg, Pb, and S were found in most regular and premium gasoline. Environmental implications of trace constituents in gasoline are discussed.
Predictive Molecular Pathology
Authors: Guido Sauter, Ronald Simon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The search for markers that can predict the outcome in an individual patient with cancer or the response of an individual tumor to specific therapies is a major focus of cancer research. Despite these efforts, estrogen and progesterone receptors and the HER2/neu gene are the only molecular targets that are analyzed routinely in newly diagnosed breast cancers. Thousands of studies of putative prognostic or predictive markers have failed to identify useful molecular markers in tumors, either because the selected genes were noninformative or because initially promising data could not be reproduced in other laboratories.The search for prognostic and predictive . . .
Comparison of genome degradation in Paratyphi A and Typhi, human-restricted serovars of Salmonella enterica that cause typhoid
Authors: Michael McClelland, Kenneth E Sanderson, Sandra W Clifton, Phil Latreille, Steffen Porwollik, Aniko Sabo, Rekha Meyer, Tamberlyn Bieri, Phil Ozersky, Michael McLellan, C Richard Harkins, Chunyan Wang, Christine Nguyen, Amy Berghoff, Glendoria Elliott, Sara Kohlberg, Cindy Strong, Feiyu Du, Jason Carter, Colin Kremizki, Dan Layman, Shawn Leonard, Hui Sun, Lucinda Fulton, William Nash, Tracie Miner, Patrick Minx, Kim Delehaunty, Catrina Fronick, Vincent Magrini, Michael Nhan, Wesley Warren, Liliana Florea, John Spieth, Richard K Wilson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
The Yield of Multiphasic Screening
Authors: Barbara Bates
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To determine the yield of multiphasic screening, follow-up data were gathered for consecutive abnormalities within 15 test categories. A total of 2,375 inquiries were made of 417 physicians to ascertain whether each reported abnormality was previously known or clinically obvious, whether it was confirmed, and whether it led to new diagnosis or management. The respondent rate was 90.9%. The primary block in the theoretical sequence from reported abnormality to new management lay in the physicians' failure to confirm the findings of the screening unit. Their reasons were identified. Given this lack of physician responsiveness, together with a low prevalence of disease, uncertain effectiveness of therapy, and problems of patient compliance, long-term benefits from multiphasic screening in terms of morbidity and mortality are not likely to be demonstrable. There may, however, be benefits of other kinds.
Right Lower Quadrant Pain in the Teen-Aged Girl
Authors: Eddy Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1974)

YOU don't have to be in family practice long to realize that right lower quadrant pain in the teen-aged girl is a very common problem. You discover quickly, too, that there are no recent advances to help the clinician here, and that your consultants, medical and surgical, are likely to have widely divergent opinions in their diagnostic and therapeutic advice. Quite regularly this poses a difficult clinical problem. The diagnostic possibilities are many, the most common being acute appendicitis, acute gonorrheal pelvic peritonitis, granulomatous enterocolitis, acute mesenteric adenitis, cecal gas syndrome, irritable colon syndrome, and a constipation syndrome. Many experienced pediatricians would not agree with this list of diagnostic possibilities at all. They would say that by far the most common explanation for such pain among patients of this category is a quasimalingering form of emotional response to the superficial problems of growing up. Furthermore, if this is the working
Effects of Experimentally Produced Heart Failure on the Peripheral Vascular Response to Severe Exercise in Conscious Dogs
Authors: Charles B. Higgins, Stephen F. Vatner, Dean Franklin, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

The peripheral vascular response to severe exercise in eight dogs with heart failure produced by tricuspid avulsion and progressive pulmonary stenosis was compared to the response determined in eight control dogs. After full recovery from implantation of Doppler flow probes and miniature pressure gauges, measurements of arterial blood pressure and blood flow were telemetered from untethered dogs running behind a mobile recording vehicle at speeds of 10-25 mph over distances averaging 1 mile. Severe exercise in control dogs increased heart rate from 78 to 281 beats/min and mean arterial blood pressure from 93 to 134 mm Hg. Iliac blood flow rose from 151 to 897 ml/min, but mesenteric and renal blood flows did not change significantly. Iliac vascular resistance decreased from 0.64 to 0.15 mm Hg/ml min -1 , but mesenteric vascular resistance increased from 0.31 to 0.47 mm Hg/ml min -1 and renal vascular resistance increased from 0.49 to 0.75 mm Hg/ml min -1 . Severe exercise in dogs with heart failure increased heart rate from 102 to 274 beats/min, but mean arterial blood pressure only increased from 100 to 107 mm Hg. Iliac blood flow rose from 96 to 360 ml/min, whereas mesenteric blood flow decreased from 237 to 89 ml/min and renal blood flow decreased from 226 to 79 ml/min. Iliac vascular resistance decreased from 1.09 to 0.34 mm Hg/ml min -1 , but mesenteric vascular resistance increased from 0.49 to 1.31 mm Hg/ml min -1 and renal vascular resistance increased from 0.47 to 1.81 mm Hg/ml min -1 . Thus, in heart failure a distinctly abnormal peripheral vascular response to severe exercise occurs, characterized by a very small elevation in mean arterial blood pressure and intense visceral vasoconstriction resulting in diversion of visceral blood flows.
DRUG REACTIONS XX Cutaneous
Authors: Ashley Levantine, John Almeyda
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article DRUG REACTIONS XX Cutaneous Get access Ashley Levantine, Ashley Levantine The Middlesex Hospital, W.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John Almeyda John Almeyda The London Hospital, E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 6, 1 December 1972, Pages 646–650, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb07457.x Published: 01 December 1972
874. Long-Term Transgene Expression In Vivo from a Helper Dependent Adenovirus—Epstein-Barr Virus Hybrid Vector
Authors: Sean D. Gallaher, Jose S. Gil, Oliver Dorigo, Arnold J. Berk
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Helper Dependent Adenovirus (HDA) vectors deleted in all viral genes persist poorly in vivo due to viral genome loss during mitosis. We have addressed this limitation by using elements from Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), the genome of which persists as an extra-chromosomal episome in replicating B cells. Maintenance is mediated by the virally-expressed Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 1 (EBNA-1) protein that binds the episome and tethers it to metaphase chromosomes for segregation into daughter cells during mitosis. In our hybrid binary system, an HDA vector (HDA-EBV) is used to deliver a linearized, EBV-based episome to target cells. Co-infection with a second HDA vector expressing Cre recombinase (HDA.Cre) leads to the excision and circularization of the loxP-flanked episome sequence, and places a promoter upstream of the transgene. The episome also contains a human origin and the EBNA-1 binding site for replication and segregation in mitotic cells. We have shown that co-infection with HDA.Cre and an HDA-EBV vector carrying either a Cyan Fluorescence Protein (CFP) reporter gene or Puromycin AcetylTransferase (PAC) drug resistance gene produces circular episomes in vitro and that the EBV elements significantly prolong transgene expression1.
Prognostic importance of hyperglycaemia induced by stress after acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: A Lakhdar, P Stromberg, S G McAlpine
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The blood pressure returned to hypertensive values only three weeks after recovery of an intact renin angiotensin system.This is surprising even though it is known that continuous control of blood pressure can be achieved despite intermittent resumption of normal angiotensin converting enzyme activity.5
The Influence of Acute Psychic Stress Situations on Biochemical and Vegetative Parameters of Essential Hypertensives at the Early Stage of the Disease
Authors: R. Baumann, Helgard Ziprian, W. Gödicke, W. Hartrodt, Erna Naumann, J. Läuter
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1973)

Normal persons and hypertensives at the early stage of the disease (corresponding to 'mild hypertension' as classified by the WHO) of male sex between 15 and 25 years were examined during a psychic stress situation (repeated mental arithmetic under time-pressure). The stress situation effected: rise of the pulse rate, of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups; a prolonged persistence of increased pulse rate and blood glucose in hypertensives; increased oxygen consumption and muscular tonus (both the initial values and the values after stress situations were higher in hypertensives than in the control group); rise of noradrenalin, free fatty acids, cortisol and renin activity (orthostasis effect) in the plasma. In contrast to the control group the adaptation of hypertensives to repeated experimental stress situations was markedly disturbed.
CCR6 is required for IL-23–induced psoriasis-like inflammation in mice
Authors: Michael N. Hedrick, Anke S. Lonsdorf, Aiko-Konno Shirakawa, Chyi-Chia Richard Lee, Fang Liao, Satya P. Singh, Hongwei H. Zhang, Alexander Grinberg, Paul E. Love, Sam T. Hwang, Joshua M. Farber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disorder, but the mechanisms of pathogenesis are still poorly understood. IL-23 is expressed in psoriatic skin, and IL-23 injection produces IL-22-dependent psoriasiform changes in mouse skin. Th17 cells produce IL-22 and display CCR6, the CCL20 receptor; CCR6+ T cells and CCL20 are abundant in psoriatic skin. We investigated a possible role for CCR6 in recruiting Th17 cells and producing psoriasiform pathology by injecting IL-23 into the skin of WT and Ccr6-/- mice. Unlike for WT mice, IL-23-injected ears of Ccr6-/- mice showed neither substantial epidermal/dermal changes nor increased Il22 mRNA expression. However, injection of IL-22 yielded equivalent psoriasiform changes in WT and Ccr6-/- mice. Surprisingly, IL-23-injected ears of WT and Ccr6-/- mice contained similar numbers of Th cells able to make IL-17A and/or IL-22. Furthermore, in ears of Rag1-/- mice, IL-23 initially induced skin changes and levels of Il22 mRNA that were indistinguishable from WT mice, revealing at least one non-T cell source for IL-22. We conclude that CCR6 is essential in a model of IL-23-induced, IL-22-mediated dermatitis, which develops in sequential T cell-independent and T cell-dependent phases. These findings reveal an expanded role for CCR6 in IL-23-related responses and identify CCR6 as a potential therapeutic target in psoriasis.
Functional variants of POC5 identified in patients with idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Shunmoogum A. Patten, Patricia Margaritte-Jeannin, Jean-Claude Bernard, Eudeline Alix, Audrey Labalme, Alicia Besson, Simon L. Girard, Khaled Fendri, Nicolas Fraisse, Bernard Biot, Coline Poizat, Amandine Campan-Fournier, Kariman Abelin-Genevois, Vincent Cunin, Charlotte Zaouter, Meijiang Liao, Raphaelle Lamy, Gaetan Lesca, Rita Menassa, Charles Marcaillou, Melanie Letexier, Damien Sanlaville, Jerome Berard, Guy A. Rouleau, Françoise Clerget-Darpoux, Pierre Drapeau, Florina Moldovan, Patrick Edery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is a spine deformity that affects approximately 3% of the population. The underlying causes of IS are not well understood, although there is clear evidence that there is a genetic component to the disease. Genetic mapping studies suggest high genetic heterogeneity, but no IS disease-causing gene has yet been identified. Here, genetic linkage analyses combined with exome sequencing identified a rare missense variant (p.A446T) in the centriolar protein gene POC5 that cosegregated with the disease in a large family with multiple members affected with IS. Subsequently, the p.A446T variant was found in an additional set of families with IS and in an additional 3 cases of IS. Moreover, POC5 variant p.A455P was present and linked to IS in one family and another rare POC5 variant (p.A429V) was identified in an additional 5 cases of IS. In a zebrafish model, expression of any of the 3 human IS-associated POC5 variant mRNAs resulted in spine deformity, without affecting other skeletal structures. Together, these findings indicate that mutations in the POC5 gene contribute to the occurrence of IS.