tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Retrocaval Ureter in Newborn Demonstrated by Tc-99m DTPA Renal Scintigram
Authors: TZU-CHEN YEN, SHIN-HWA YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Retrocaval ureter is uncommon in children. The authors report a 41-day-old boy with hydronephrosis and hydroureter on the right side detected by sonogram because of newborn screening. The results of intravenous urography and Tc-99m DTPA renal imaging suggested a retrocaval ureter (type I, long loop) on the right side, which was confirmed at surgery.
Accurate figures would help to assess countries' needs better
Authors: G. Danaher
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—In his news item Lamar reports Medecins Sans Frontieres as saying that developing countries spend twice as much a year on debt repayments as on health and education combined.1 Over the past decade I have read similar comparisons for many countries and regions of the developing world. Occasionally the comparison is combined with the figure—sometimes grossly inaccurate—for debt servicing. Not once have …
Rate of hysterectomy is lower among female doctors and lawyers' wives
Authors: G. Domenighetti, A. Casabianca
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—In his editorial on the bill resulting from hysterectomy R J Lilford cites a study by Bunker and Brown, carried out 27 years ago.1 The results of this study support his statement that the prevalence of hysterectomy among doctors' wives showed no difference from that among controls matched for social class.2 The results were seriously flawed by the role of American economic barriers to medical care for the whole population due to lack of a universal health insurance.

We conducted a similar study in a homogeneous fee …
747. Identification and Characterization of Mutations within the Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR)
Authors: Katherine J.D.A. Excoffon, Matthew Avenarius, Richard Smith, Joseph Zabner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR) is both a virus receptor and an adhesion protein. The genomic localization and a previously described interaction with the PDZ domain containing protein Harmonin led us to investigate whether CAR is the gene responsible for Usher syndrome type 1E. Usher syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause of deaf-blindness in humans and is a result of mutations within several interacting proteins including molecular motor, scaffolding and adhesion proteins. A total of 271 non-syndromic deaf and 10 Usher 1 patients were evaluated for mutations within the exonic regions of CAR. No mutations were found in the Usher patients, however, two haploid mutations were discovered in the non-syndromic group (L255H and P356S). Since these are the first two amino acid changing mutations found in CAR, they were investigated for cell surface expression, viral receptor activity and localization after creating the mutations by site-directed mutatgenesis. Both mutant forms of CAR were present at the cell surface and behaved as receptors for Adenovirus. Interestingly, these mutants ran at a molecular weight approximately 10 kDa greater than CAR. In vitro translation of the cDNA resulted in identical products suggesting an altered post-translational modification such as ubiquitination. In summary, CAR is a highly conserved gene in which only two exonic conserved polymorphisms have been described to date. Here we describe the first two mutations found in this gene and we will investigate the functional consequences of these two mutations.
An unusual case of Reiter's disease.
Authors: R.D Maw, P Gilmore
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

A 72-year-old man was admitted to hospital after a syncopal attack. Investigations showed anaemia and adenocarcinoma of the colon. After tumour resection with end to end anastomosis he had a urinary catheter in situ for two days, but otherwise his recovery was unremarkable, until 13 weeks after operation when he developed classical Reiter's disease. Investigations did not reveal any known trigger factor but it is postulated that the process may have been initiated by urinary catheterisation or bowel surgery.
Prof. Paul Sadoul, 1918–2011
Authors: E. Puchelle, P.H. Quanjer, A. Lockhart, E. Berglund, A.T. Dinh-Xuan, J. Widimsky
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

was a prominent figure in the Nancy Teaching Hospital for 35 years from 1949.After a 1-year stay with Wallace Fenn and Hermann Rahn's group, and Andre ´Cournand's laboratory in the USA, he applied new technologies for evaluating patients with chronic respiratory failure, such as right heart catheterisation at rest and during exercise.He developed a great interest in pneumoconiosis in iron and coal miners in Lorraine [1].The respiratory function tests and epidemiological studies that he conducted with his team, using research programmes funded by the European Community for Steel and Coal (ECSC), led to the official recognition of silicosis as an occupational disease.
David Cobb, M.D.
Authors: Howard N. Simpson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

I shall hold this court if I hold it in blood. I shall live as a judge, or die as a general.THESE are scarcely words that one might expect from the mouth of a physician, but they were the words of a man who practiced medicine in Massachusetts in colonial times, who became a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society in its early days,1 and who later left his practice to serve his country better in other ways. His country promptly forgot him.Fame in history is often more fortuitous than merited. Frequently, what a person said or even . . .
Possible mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmias elicited by ischemia followed by reperfusion. Studies on isolated canine ventricular tissues.
Authors: G R Ferrier, M P Moffat, A Lukas
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The purpose of this study was to develop an isolated tissue model in which arrhythmic activity could be generated in response to conditions encountered in ischemia followed by reperfusion, and in which intracellular recordings could be used to identify and study arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Isolated canine Purkinje fiber-papillary muscle preparations were superfused with modified Tyrode's solutions. Tissues were exposed to conditions observed in ischemia (hypoxia, acidosis, elevated lactate, zero substrate for 40 minutes). Superfusion with Tyrode's solution of "normal" composition was then reinstituted. Transmembrane recordings from Purkinje and muscle tissues were made, using standard microelectrode techniques. Ischemic conditions caused loss of membrane potential, shortened action potentials, depressed excitability, and progressive bidirectional conduction block between muscle and Purkinje tissues. Spontaneous activity, probably reentrant in origin, was observed. Return to nonischemic conditions resulted in a multiphasic sequence of responses in Purkinje fibers: prompt hyperpolarization, progressive depolarization to unresponsiveness, and final repolarization to control. The depolarization phase was accompanied by oscillatory afterpotentials which initiated extrasystoles. Final repolarization included a phase of automaticity at low membrane potentials, during which Purkinje tissue functioned as a parasystolic focus. Elevation of potassium concentration to 10 mM during the ischemic period did not alter the sequence of electrophysiological events during ischemic conditions or upon reperfusion. This study demonstrates that ischemia followed by reperfusion elicits an orderly sequence of electrophysiological events which may constitute important mechanisms of arrhythmia in vivo.
AMERICAN FEDERATION FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Henry A. Christian
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The organization of a society to be called the American Federation for Clinical Research has been proposed, and the idea is meeting with an enthusiastic reception. It is to be a society of young men and women interested in and carrying on clinical investigation. There will be two classes of membership: (<i>a</i>) club and (<i>b</i>) individual. A club membership is for any group of persons concerned with investigation in clinical medicine or allied sciences. An individual membership is for any one who has completed a meritorious investigation in these fields and is interested in continuing investigation. It is proposed to limit admission to individual membership to persons under 40 years of age. "Clubs" may be formed with membership of any age at clinics, hospitals or medical schools acting individually or as groups in cities, states or provinces or groups of states of the United States and Canada.
Mercer's Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Robert H. Cofield
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This textbook is not one of many, but one of two. The other text with a similar format was authored in the United States and uses terms and recommends treatment that may be closer to the mainstream of American orthopedic thought and practice. Nevertheless,<i>Mercer's Orthopaedic Surgery</i>is good; it is more comprehensive than the earlier editions and has much to recommend it. The style is British and pleasant to read. The overriding emphasis is not on diagnostic or treatment techniques, but on the pathological processes. It is aimed at residents, and it strikes its mark. Science—its synthesis and interpretation—is the theme, and it is well presented and developed. The text begins with a masterful condensation of the basic sciences as they relate to the musculoskeletal system. There follow general sections on congenital, developmental, growth, metabolic, neural, neuromuscular, infectious, neoplastic, arthritic, and vascular problems. There are also chapters on anatomic
Integrin-linked kinase, a promising cancer therapeutic target: biochemical and biological properties
Authors: N. Yoganathan, A. Yee, Z. Zhang, D. Leung, J. Yan, L. Fazli, D.L. Kojic, P.C. Costello, M. Jabali, S. Dedhar, J. Sanghera
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2002)
Fictive Ills: Literary Perspectives on Wounds and Disease
Authors: Paul W. Ragan
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —Drs Richard and Enid Peschel's book review of Fictive Ills: Literary Perspectives on Wounds and Disease  1 initially appears reasonable until their discussion of the essays on the fictive depiction of severe mental illness, which we are warned contain fundamental and potentially disastrous deficiencies because they allegedly utilize late 19thand early 20th-century concepts of severe mental illness. We are never told how these concepts—from a time when there were many lasting contributions to psychiatry—are deficient. However, the essayists are chastised for ignoring the recent revolution in neuroscience research, which the Peschels claim has documented that severe mental illness... comprises biologically based brain disorder characterized by brain malfunctions or malformations (p 2298). This claim implies a degree of scientific certitude that just does not exist as investigators seek to elucidate the neurobiological underpinnings of mental illness.  Actually the Peschels commit several errors common to those unfamiliar with research
Stem cell research
Authors: T. Richards
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Later this month the UK parliament is scheduled to vote on recommendations on stem cell research made in a report by the chief medical officer, Liam Donaldson.1 The leading recommendation is that research using human embryos should be permitted to allow exploration of the nature and therapeutic potential of stem cells. The outcome of the vote may have repercussions well outside the United Kingdom for there is considerable controversy, both in the United States and Europe, about this form of stem cell research.

Research on human embryos up to a limit of 14 days is already permitted in the United Kingdom, under the 1990 Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act, in five specific areas. These include infertility and pre-implantation diagnosis of genetic and chromosomal disorders. The chief medical officer's report proposes expanding the purposes for which human embryos may be used under the act, and it would cover research using stem cells derived by cell nuclear transfer as well as from “spare” embryos created during in vitro fertilisation procedures. Research would be …
Rituximab‐associated acute thrombocytopenia: An under‐diagnosed phenomenon
Authors: Ron Ram, Lilach Bonstein, Anat Gafter‐Gvili, Isaac Ben‐Bassat, Ofer Shpilberg, Pia Raanani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Acute infusion reactions are the most common documented adverse reactions reported with rituximab, with overt cytokine release syndrome, and hematological adverse events being much rarer. The clinical course of a patient with mantle cell lymphoma, who developed acute thrombocytopenia and leukopenia following rituximab administration, is described and the literature reviewed. Serum complement and the levels of three cytokines--TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1, were measured 2 days after the infusion of rituximab by using ELISA assay. Drug-dependent antibodies against platelets were evaluated by two procedures as follows: an immunofluorescence test applying flow cytometry and Monoclonal Antibody Immobilization of Platelet Antigen (MAIPA). Serum levels of TNF-a were significantly increased compared with normal, whereas those of IL-6 and IL-1 were not increased significantly. Flow cytometry assay and the MAIPA assay failed to detect rituximab-dependent antibodies against platelets. Complement levels were decreased compared with normal. Literature search yielded 10 publications reporting on another 15 patients. The most common type of lymphoma was mantle cell lymphoma, six patients had bone marrow involvement, and 10 patients had splenomegaly. In 10 patients, acute cytopenia was preceded by cytokine release syndrome or infusion-related symptoms. Usually, thrombocytopenia was not associated with bleeding manifestations. Thrombocytopenia was the most commonly acute cytopenia reported. The postulated pathogenesis is associated with cytokine release syndrome and complement activation. Patients with potential risk factors like splenomegaly and bone marrow involvement, who develop clinical manifestations compatible with cytokine release syndrome, should be closely monitored for rituximab-associated cytopenia.
Chronic renal failure in Nottingham and requirements for dialysis and transplantfacilities.
Authors: S L Dombey, D Sagar, M S Knapp
Journal: BMJ (1975)

A retrospective study of uraemic patients covering 12 months of 1970 and a prospective survey covering six months in 1973-4 is reported for a population of almost 3/4million. The number of patients requiring regular dialysis treatment or transplantation or both is considered to be 45 per million of population under 65, 39 per million under 60, and 29 per million under 50 years of age.
Detection of dissection of the aortic intima and media after angioplasty of coarctation of the aorta. An angiographic, computer tomographic, and echocardiographic comparative study.
Authors: R Erbel, I Bednarczyk, T Pop, M Todt, K J Henrichs, A Brunier, M Thelen, J Meyer
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Balloon coarctation angioplasty (BCA) was performed in eight patients (five male and three female) who were 14-49 years old (mean, 27.3 years) with isolated discrete unoperated coarctation of the aorta (n = 7) and postoperative recoarctation (n = 1). BCA was successful in seven of eight patients, resulting in a decrease in the gradient (64 +/- 19 to 16 +/- 13 mm Hg, p less than 0.01), an increase in the diameter at the coarctation site (0.9 +/- 0.4 to 1.6 +/- 0.4 mm, p less than 0.01). Follow-up (6 months) has demonstrated continued gradient relief (6 +/- 9 mm Hg) and diameter increase (1.6 +/- 0.2 cm). Monitoring was performed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during BCA, and before and after BCA angiography and after BCA computed tomography. In three of seven patients, immediately distal to the BCA site, intimal flaps (1-2 cm) could be detected by TEE but not by angiography or computed tomography. Follow-up TEE showed spontaneous healing in two and persistence in one patient. By TEE and computed tomography in one of eight patients during follow-up, intima and media dissection was found with pleural effusion and spontaneous healing. In one female patient, aortic dissection occurred after successful uneventful BCA, detected by TEE at the 6-month follow-up study and subsequently confirmed by biplane angiography, not detected by computed tomography and previous monoplane angiography. Because of the significant morbidity of BCA in this group of patients, its role in the management of adults with coarctation has yet to be determined. Further long-term follow-up studies will demonstrate whether the observed intima and media dissection by TEE after BCA are related to aneurysm formation.
TV: Lobes and lights
Authors: R. MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Brain Story , BBC 2, Tuesdays at 9 pm until 22 August

Religious experiences are due to temporal lobe stimulation. Our brain tells us what to do, not the other way round. What we see isn't really there at all. These are some of the claims made in Brain Story , a fascinating series exploring the science behind our personalities.

In the first episode Dr Susan Greenfield states that neuroscience can explain everything about ourselves, including what we think, feel, experience, know, and remember. She sets herself the impossible task of trying to prove this to us in a mere six episodes. In her quest to solve the mystery of the “sludgy 1.5 kg mass of protein and fat” we call the human brain she introduces us to talking chimps, a disturbing “self mutilation” circus, and a mad scientist calling himself Dr Disgust. We learn, for example, that there seems to be an area of our …
Presenting Health with PowerPoint
Authors: Jennifer Erskine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Medical Writings: Book Notes21 October 2003Presenting Health with PowerPointJennifer Erskine, MD, MSISJennifer Erskine, MD, MSISFrom Abington Memorial Hospital and Methodist Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-8-200310210-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Gillies A. 188 pages. Abingdon, United Kingdom: Radcliffe Medical Pr; 2003. 29.95. ISBN 1857759737. Order at www.radcliffe-oxford.com.Field of medicine: All fields.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Physicians, nurses, managers, and other health care workers who have some familiarity with basic computer functions (such as using Microsoft Windows, menus, and a mouse) but not necessarily any previous knowledge of Microsoft PowerPoint.Purpose: To provide new users with step-by-step instruction on creating a slide presentation with PowerPoint and to improve the skills of current users.Content: The book is divided into 2 sections. The first section guides beginners through creating a presentation ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Abington Memorial Hospital and Methodist Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 October 2003Volume 139, Issue 8Page: 710KeywordsChartsComputersHealth careHealth care providersHealth information technologyInternetSoftware tools ePublished: 21 October 2003 Issue Published: 21 October 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Oral treatment of ichthyosis with an aromatic retinoid
Authors: H. PEHAMBERGER, H. NEUMANN, K. HOLUBAR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

An aromatic retinoid (Ro-10/9359) was used for oral treatment of five cases of ichthyosis (three lamellar, two X-linked. Complete clearing of the skin lesions was achieved in all five patients within 24.2 +/- 3.2 days (X-linked 21.75 +/- 6.5, lamellar 23 days). Histopathology showed reduction of the hyperkeratosis, and thickening of the granular layer. Clinical side effects were of mild intensity and included cheilitis, conjunctivitis and pruritus. All side effects were reversible upon reduction of the daily dosage. In three patients treatment was discontinued after clearing of lesions. Fresh lesions re-appeared 6 weeks later. One patient with X-linked ichthyosis developed two recurrences during maintenance treatment; one patient with lamellar ichthyosis was kept in complete remission for 9 weeks on a reduced daily dosage.
On His Shoulders
Authors: Maura B. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1989)

I grew up thinking—like many other kids—that my dad was wonderful. My brothers and sisters and I would sit in our tree house as he mowed the lawn around us, surprising us by reaching up to grab a toe that had been dangling precariously over the edge. He and my mother took us on long driving trips, showing us national parks and state beaches, snow in August in Washington State, the phosphorescence in the Pacific waves. Because I was the youngest, I was always carried on his shoulders as we hiked. I remember vividly hearing him whistle to the birds, and the bright red cap my mother knitted that he always wore. "With this on," he said, "you'll always be able to find me if you wander off." And there was his work. He left the house before I awoke, to go to "my dad's hospital" to do something I
664. Regeneration of Sensory Cells in the Inner Ear of Deafened Mature Guinea Pigs
Authors: Donald L. Swiderski, Masahiko Izumikawa, Douglas E. Brough, Yehoash Raphael
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
The mammalian organ of Corti, the sensory epithelium of the inner ear, is a mosaic composed of sensory cells (hair cells) and non- sensory supporting cells. All cells are highly differentiated in structure and function. Because no undifferentiated cells are held in reserve to replace damaged cells, hearing impairment due to loss of hair cells is permanent. Differentiation of complex tissues like the organ of Corti typically is governed by specific cascades of gene expression. In mice, a critical gene in the differentiation of hair cells is the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Atoh1(=Math1), a homolog of the Drosophila gene atonal. Previous studies have shown that inoculating inner ears of normal adult guinea pigs with an adenovirus vector expressing Math1 (Ad.Math1) can generate new cochlear hair cells in regions normally occupied only by supporting cells. In this study, we deafened adult guinea pigs by administration with ototoxic drugs (kanamycin and ethacrynic acid) prior to inoculating their inner ears with Ad.Math1 and evaluated differences in hair cell number and hearing thresholds before and after treatment.