tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of two- and three-dimensional echocardiography with cineventriculography for measurement of left ventricular volume in patients
Authors: Peter M. Sapin, Klaus M. Schröder, Aasha S. Gopal, Mikel D. Smith, Anthony N. Demaria, Donald L. King
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)

We compared two- and three-dimensional echocardiography with cineventriculography for measurement of left ventricular volume in patients.Three-dimensional echocardiography has been shown to be highly accurate and superior to two-dimensional echocardiography in measuring left ventricular volume in vitro. However, there has been little comparison of the two methods in patients.Two- and three-dimensional echocardiography were performed in 35 patients (mean age 48 years) 1 to 3 h before left ventricular cineventriculography. Three-dimensional echocardiography used an acoustic spatial locator to register image position. Volume was computed using a polyhedral surface reconstruction algorithm based on multiple nonparallel, unevenly spaced short-axis cross sections. Two-dimensional echocardiography used the apical biplane summation of disks method. Single-plane cineventriculographic volumes were calculated using the summation of disks algorithm. The methods were compared by linear regression and a limits of agreement analysis. For the latter, systematic error was assessed by the mean of the differences (cineventriculography minus echocardiography), and the limits of agreement were defined as +/- 2 SD from the mean difference.Three-dimensional echocardiographic volumes demonstrated excellent correlation (end-diastole r = 0.97; end-systole r = 0.98) with cineventriculography. Standard errors of the estimate were approximately half of those of two-dimensional echocardiography (end-diastole +/- 11.0 ml vs. +/- 21.5 ml; end-systole +/- 10.2 ml vs. +/- 17.0 ml). By limits of agreement analysis the end-diastolic mean differences for two- and three-dimensional echocardiography were 21.1 and 12.9 ml, respectively. The limits of agreement (+/- 2 SD) were +/- 54.0 and +/- 24.8 ml, respectively. For end-systole, comparable improvement was obtained by three-dimensional echocardiography. Results for ejection fraction by the two methods were similar.Three-dimensional echocardiography correlates highly with cineventriculography for estimation of ventricular volumes in patients and has approximately half the variability of two-dimensional echocardiography for these measurements. On the basis of this study, three-dimensional echocardiography is the preferred echocardiographic technique for measurement of ventricular volume. Three-dimensional echocardiography is equivalent to two-dimensional echocardiography for measuring ejection fraction.
Bronchoconstriction due to 8-methoxypsoralen
Authors: B. RAMSAY, JANET M. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

A patient with psoriasis developed bronchoconstriction after oral 8-methoxypsoralen given as part of his photochemotherapy with PUVA. It was possible to treat the patient with PUVA whilst he was on prophylactic anti-asthmatic therapy. Twenty one further patients on photochemotherapy were studied in detail and none had evidence of impaired pulmonary function as a result of therapy.
Allergic intolerance to tetracosactrin.
Authors: N. E. Jensen, I. Sneddon
Journal: BMJ (1969)

midline.This included one case seen two hours after attendance at hospital where the patient was given ampicillin and paracetamol.Detorsion relieves the pain immediately and dramatically and the testis descends in the scrotum with immediate relief to the patient.Analgesics may not be needed to do this.This does not of course reduce the need for operation on both sides, 'since recurrence is likely, but it does make operation less urgent, and may be a useful practical pro- cedure while awaiting anaesthesia or make the operation an elective one.-Iam, etc.,
Maximal Coronary Flow Reserve and Metabolic Coronary Vasodilation in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Philip J. Nahser, Ronald E. Brown, Helgi Oskarsson, Michael D. Winniford, James D. Rossen
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Structural and functional abnormalities of the coronary microcirculation have been reported in experimental diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate coronary microvascular function in human diabetes. Methods and Results Twenty-four diabetic and 31 nondiabetic patients were studied during cardiac catheterization. A Doppler catheter or guidewire was used to measure changes in coronary blood flow velocity in a nonstenotic artery. Maximal coronary blood flow reserve was determined by using intracoronary adenosine or papaverine. Coronary dilation in response to an increase in myocardial metabolic demand was assessed by using rapid atrial pacing. Maximal vasodilator responses to papaverine and adenosine were compared in 12 diabetic patients. Maximal pharmacologic coronary flow reserve was depressed in diabetic (2.8±0.2, n=19) compared with nondiabetic (3.7±0.2, n=21, P &lt;.001) patients. During atrial pacing, the decrease in coronary vascular resistance was attenuated in the diabetic (−14±3%) compared with the nondiabetic (−24±2%, P &lt;.05) patients. Differences in coronary microvascular function between diabetic and nondiabetic patients were not attributable to differences in drug therapy, resting hemodynamics, or incidence of hypertension. In 12 diabetic patients the maximal coronary vasodilator responses to papaverine and adenosine were similar. Conclusions This study demonstrates both reduced maximal coronary vasodilation and impairment in the regulation of coronary flow in response to submaximal increases in myocardial demand in patients with diabetes mellitus. These microvascular abnormalities may lead to myocardial ischemia in the absence of epicardial coronary atherosclerosis in some circumstances, and thus contribute to adverse cardiovascular events in diabetic patients.
Patient Package Insert Regulations Stayed
Authors: William R. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1981)

On April 28, 1981, a notice from the Food and Drug Administration published in the<i>Federal Register</i>stayed the effective date of final regulations that would mandate patient package inserts for ampicillin, amoxicillin, hetacillin, cimetidine, clofibrate, phenytoin, and propoxyphene drugs. This stay does not affect requirements for patient package inserts for the oral contraceptive estrogen, and progestational drugs codified earlier in the<i>Federal Register</i>. This stay is welcome, even though it may defer action only until July 1, 1981, for it gives more time to explore the necessity for, and the cost and potential usefulness of, patient package inserts. Under ideal circumstances, government agencies should not intervene between patient and physician, with mandates concerning diagnosis or treatment. Unfortunately, circumstances are not always ideal; and some patients receive prescriptions from their physician for medications about which the patient has no knowledge and has received no instruction. Some physicians do not put
The Paraprofessional Teaches the Professional
Authors: JOHN A. TALBOTT, ANITA M. ROSS, ALAN F. SKERRETT, MARION D. CURRY, STUART I. MARCUS, HELEN THEODOROU, BARBARA J. SMITH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

Most articles written about paraprofessionals have discussed their new and expanded roles, their assumption of tasks not dealt with by professionals, and their training by professional mental health workers. This paper looks at the other side of the coin: the unique contributions paraprofessionals can make to mental health treatment programs and their underutilized skill in training professional mental health workers.
Pyogenic abscess of the liver
Authors: K. Cronin
Journal: Gut (1961)

The author records the case histories of 27 patients suffering from liver abscess admitted during the period 1946-60 to the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford. Seventeen were examples of multiple and 10 of single abscess. In most cases the primary source was determinable. Despite there being only one survivor of the 10 patients with a solitary abscess, the author considers the condition easily curable if recognized early.
Breast cancer metastatic to the colon 20 years after bilateral mastectomy
Authors: T. Defrawi, A. Goyal, X. Duan, M. Kott, C. Fischer, D. Adler
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

In 1985, a 63-year-old woman underwent left modified radical mastectomy and prophylactic right mastectomy for infiltrating lobular carcinoma, stage T3N1M0, and received adjuvant chemotherapy. At a screening colonoscopy in 2002, she was found to have diverticulosis. In 2005, the patient developed left lower quadrant abdominal pain, which responded to antibiotics; she was presumed to have diverticulitis and was referred to a surgical clinic. Three weeks later, she underwent elective laparoscopic resection of the left colon.
Integrin expression on neutrophils and mononuclear cells in blood and induced sputum in stable asthma
Authors: P. Maestrelli, O. De Fina, T. Bertin, S. Papiris, M. Saetta, C.E. Mapp, M.P. Ruggieri, L.M. Fabbri
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background: We speculated that the expression of integrins in the airway lumen of asthmatic subjects might be altered compared with normal subjects during cell recruitment from circulation. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we investigated the expression of integrin α‐chains (CD11a, CD11b, and CD11c) in hypertonic saline‐induced sputum and peripheral blood leukocytes in mild to moderate stable asthmatic and control subjects. Immunoreactivity for integrin α‐chains was assessed by immunocytology on cytospin preparations of sputum and blood. Results: In comparison of the percentages of CD11a + , CD11b + and CD11c + mononuclear cells in sputum with their blood counterparts, no significant differences were observed in control subjects, whereas CD11a and CD11b in asthmatic subjects were less expressed on sputum cells. In both control and asthmatic subjects, sputum neutrophils tended to decrease their expression of integrin α‐chains compared with circulating neutrophils. Conclusions: We showed that the sputum of asthmatics, unlike normal subjects, is characterized by decreased expression of integrins on mononuclear cells compared with their blood counterparts. The results suggest that downregulation of integrins occurs in asthmatic airways after cell recruitment from circulation.
Physician as Patient: Lessons To Learn
Authors: Peter A. Beatty
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

On Being a Patient7 September 2004Physician as Patient: Lessons To LearnPeter A. Beatty, MDPeter A. Beatty, MDFrom University of Wisconsin Medical Foundation, Madison, WI 53715.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-5-200409070-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I have been a practicing medical oncologist and hematologist for 20 years. Although I initially trained in academic bone marrow transplantation and cellular immunology, I decided against an academic life in favor of a purely clinical career because I was more of a clinician than an immunologist. On a personal level, I developed relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis shortly after I moved into my community practice in oncology and hematology. Over these 20 years of practice, I have had 2 episodes of transverse myelitis, 1 episode of internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and 1 episode of left-sided apraxia. None of these events have incapacitated me ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Wisconsin Medical Foundation, Madison, WI 53715.Current Author Address: Peter A. Beatty, MD, University of Wisconsin Medical Foundation, 1 South Park Street, Madison, WI 53715; e-mail, peter.[email protected]wisc.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTurning the tables: Using resident physicians’ experiences as patients for leveraging patient-centered careCommentary on “My Story: A Genetic Counselor's Journey from Provider to Patient”Recent Literature 7 September 2004Volume 141, Issue 5Page: 404-405KeywordsBreast cancerDisabilitiesEmotionsForecastingHematology and oncologyImmunologyMultiple sclerosisSepsisT cellsVision ePublished: 7 September 2004 Issue Published: 7 September 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Mandated choice. A plan to increase public commitment to organ donation
Authors: A. Spital
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To estimate the impact of mandated choice—a system that requires competent adults to decide prospectively whether or not they wish to be organ donors when they die—on public commitment to organ donation; and to explore who is best suited to provide consent—the family or the individual? <h3>Design.</h3> —A national, random-digit telephone survey conducted by the Gallup Organization in July 1993. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A representative sample (n=1002) of adults (aged 18 years and older) living in homes with telephones in the continental United States. <h3>Results.</h3> —Although the majority of respondents had given at least some thought to organ donation, only 25% had carefully considered this issue. Overall, 30% had decided to donate, but 58% were undecided and only 38% had made their wishes known to a family member. Yet the vast majority (82%) believes that the best way to obtain consent is for each adult to decide for himself or herself, rather than leaving this decision for the family. Under mandated choice, which is designed to encourage such self-determination, 63% would sign up to donate, 24% would not, and 13% were unsure. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Only a small fraction of the US public is currently committed to organ donation and relatively few people have carefully considered and communicated their wishes regarding this important issue. Therefore, the difficult question of consent is often left for the family. Yet most people believe that ideally all adults should answer this question for themselves, in contrast to our present family-oriented approach, but consistent with the design of mandated choice. If mandated choice became law, it appears that most adults would sign up to donate, thereby increasing the pool of desperately needed committed donors. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:504-506)
Duodenal Gastric Duplication Cyst Detection After Roux-en-Y Decompression Using Tc-99m Pertechnetate
Authors: Walter Kim, Jason Willis, Jaideep Sohi, Michael Graham
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

This case involves a 4-month-old boy who underwent resection of congenital colonic and terminal ileal duplication cysts along with decompression of a duodenal duplication cyst using a Roux-en-Y cystojejunostomy and circumcision. The patient presented 2 months later with an increasing amount and frequency of melena, which raised the suspicion for the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding from a possible gastric duplication cyst(s). A Tc-99m pertechnetate study localized ectopic gastric mucosa in the surgically decompressed duodenal cyst, which subsequently was found to be the source of the bleed.
NHS in England paid out 3.1bn in compensation claims linked to maternity care in past decade
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>GINA no longer recommends treating adults/adolescents with asthma with short-acting bronchodilators alone. Instead, they should receive symptom-driven (in mild asthma) or a daily corticosteroid-containing inhaler, to reduce risk of severe exacerbations.</b>http://bit.ly/310LLzE
Parental smoking increases exhaled nitric oxide in young children
Authors: P. J. Franklin, S. Turner, R. Mutch, S. M. Stick
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

The present study investigated the association between reported parental smoking and exhaled nitric oxide fraction ( F eNO ) in young children. In total, 78 children (24 females, mean age 51.3 weeks) were recruited. Fourteen lived with one smoking parent and eight with two smoking parents. F eNO was measured using the modified single-breath technique. Mean± sd F eNO levels were 33.0±18.9, 38.3±15.0 and 48.3±14.7 ppb for children with no, one and two smoking parents, respectively. There was a significant linear trend across the groups and, after controlling for other relevant factors, a significant difference between the groups. In the present study, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was associated with increased exhaled nitric oxide fraction in young children. Furthermore, there was evidence of a dose–response relationship between childhood exhaled nitric oxide fraction and the number of smoking parents.
Calcium and cAMP as Synarchic Messengers
Authors: Joseph T. Neary
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The topics addressed in this monograph are intracellular communication and the biochemical mechanisms used by cells for information flow from cell surface to cell interior. Howard Rasmussen has long been a leader in the field of cellular regulation by the "second messengers," Ca<sup>++</sup>and cAMP. Here, he surveys data gathered from nervous and endocrine systems during the past 15 years and concludes that Ca<sup>++</sup>and cAMP, rather than operating independently of each other, almost always function as dual messengers in stimulus-response coupling. To define the interrelatedness of Ca<sup>++</sup>and cAMP functions, he uses the term "synarchic regulation," which he says originates from discussions with a friend in the Classics Department at Yale. In Greek mythology, "archons" were heralds entrusted to carry information of such great importance that they were employed in pairs to carry either the same message or, under other circumstances, only part of the same message. Thus, the
The Galectin-9/Tim-3 pathway is involved in the regulation of NK cell function at the maternal–fetal interface in early pregnancy
Authors: Yan-Hong Li, Wen-Hui Zhou, Yu Tao, Song-Cun Wang, Yun-Lan Jiang, Di Zhang, Hai-Lan Piao, Qiang Fu, Da-Jin Li, Mei-Rong Du
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2015)
Genome-wide association identifies three new susceptibility loci for Paget's disease of bone
Authors: Omar M.E. Albagha, Sachin E. Wani, Micaela R. Visconti, Nerea Alonso, Kirsteen Goodman, Maria Luisa Brandi, Tim Cundy, Pui Yan Jenny Chung, Rosemary Dargie, Jean Pierre Devogelaer, Alberto Falchetti, William D. Fraser, Luigi Gennari, Fernando Gianfrancesco, Michael J. Hooper, Wim Van Hul, Gianluca Isaia, Geoff C. Nicholson, Ranuccio Nuti, Socrates Papapoulos, Javier Del Pino Montes, Thomas Ratajczak, Sarah L. Rea, Domenico Rendina, Rogelio Gonzalez-Sarmiento, Marco Di Stefano, Lynley C. Ward, John P. Walsh, Stuart H. Ralston
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Granulocyte Adherence Changes Induced by Hemodialysis, Endotoxin, Epinephrine, and Glucocorticoids
Authors: ROB ROY MacGREGOR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Granulocyte adherence was studied in several situations of altered granulycyte kinetics. During the transient granulocytopenia of hemodialysis, adherence increased to 481.7% of baseline by 15 min and was normal by 60 min. One hour after endotoxin administration, adherence was 160.5% of control as granulocyte counts fell to 21.4%; conversely, the 24-h postdose granulocytosis was associated with a 43.0% decrease in adherence. Epinephrine produced a 25.8% decrease in adhereence, with demargination granulocytosis 146.1% of control period. Alternate-day prednisone administration inhibited adhereence by 38.9% on the "on" day, concomitant with prolonged granulocyte intravascular half-life, but adherence returned to normal on the "off" day when intravascular half-life is normal. In each situation, a plasma factor not present in serum was responsible for the modified adherence; if these factors produce the sameadherence changes in vivo, they may be responsible for the alterations noted in granulocyte kinetics.
Stress and peptic ulcer: life beyond helicobacter
Authors: S. Levenstein
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The discovery that <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is a cause of peptic ulcer has tempted many to conclude that psychological factors are unimportant. But this is dichotomised thinking. There is solid evidence that psychological stress triggers many ulcers and impairs response to treatment, while helicobacter is inadequate as a monocausal explanation as most infected people do not develop ulcers. Psychological stress probably functions most often as a cofactor with <i>H pylori</i>. It may act by stimulating the production of gastric acid or by promoting behaviour that causes a risk to health. Unravelling the aetiology of peptic ulcer will make an important contribution to the biopsychosocial model of disease. For this review of the role of psychological stress in the aetiology of peptic ulcer disease, I undertook conventional journal tracking and reference tracing, supplemented by Medline searches using Paperchase. The important keywords used in this search included peptic ulcer; duodenal ulcer—psychology; stress; life change events; and personality. <h3>Summary points</h3> Psychosomatic factors in the aetiology of peptic ulcer have become unfashionable since the discovery of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Most people harbour <i>H pylori</i> so the organism cannot serve as the sole explanation for ulcer disease Psychological stress has an impact on the onset and course of ulcer disease Psychological stress probably interacts with <i>H pylori</i> and other risk factors in causing ulcer disease Peptic ulcer is an important example of the biopsychosocial model of disease
Scottish MPs urged to put health first in alcohol debate
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2010)

More effective national and international action is needed to reduce the harm caused by alcohol, which is now responsible for as many deaths a year as HIV and AIDS, says a group of international specialists.

They have intervened in the debate on introducing minimum pricing of alcohol in Scotland by writing an open letter to every member of the Scottish parliament urging them to act in the interests of health.

The proposed legislation, which would make Scotland the first country in northern Europe to introduce minimum pricing for alcohol, has failed to win cross party support in the Scottish …
MICROPARTICLES SHEDDING AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN UNSTABLE ANGINA IS MODULATED BY MYOCARDIAL NECROSIS AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION
Authors: Luigi M. Biasucci, Luca Di Vito, Italo Porto, Giovanni L. De Maria, Giuliana Di Rocco, Alessandra Tritarelli, Alessandra Paglia, Margherita Marcantoni, Maurizio C. Capogrossi, Filippo Crea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Association of Prolonged QRS Duration With Death in a Clinical Trial of Pacemaker Therapy for Sinus Node Dysfunction
Authors: Michael O. Sweeney, Anne S. Hellkamp, Kerry L. Lee, Gervasio A. Lamas
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Prolonged QRS duration (QRSd) is an important prognostic indicator for death and heart failure hospitalization in patients with systolic heart failure. The relationship of baseline QRSd to death and heart failure hospitalization in patients with sinus node dysfunction who require pacemaker therapy is unknown.Baseline QRSd from 12-lead ECGs before pacemaker implantation were analyzed in the Mode Selection Trial (MOST), a 6-year, 2010-patient randomized trial of dual-chamber versus ventricular pacing in sinus node dysfunction. Baseline QRSd was > or =120 ms in 23.4% of patients and was associated with older age, lower ejection fraction, cardiomyopathy, and prior heart failure. Adjusted Cox models demonstrated baseline QRSd > or =120 ms was a strong independent predictor of death (hazard ratio [95% CI] 1.35 [1.07, 1.70], P=0.010) but not heart failure hospitalization. The risk of death increased with increased QRSd from 60 to 120 ms (P=0.002 and hazard ratio [95% CI] 1.14 [1.05, 1.23] for 10-ms increase in this range) after adjustment for other death predictors.Baseline QRSd > or =120 ms was associated with increased risk of death during pacemaker therapy for sinus node dysfunction.