tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Apolipoprotein B retention in the grossly normal and atherosclerotic human aorta.
Authors: H F Hoff, C L Heideman, A M Gotto, J W Gaubatz
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

Apoliporotein B (apoB) was measured in buffer-extracted homogenates of grossly normal and artherosclerotic human aortic intima by means of an electroimmunoassay procedure. The apoB values which were expressed as microgram per mg tissue dry weight, varied widely, ranging from 0.34 to 18.45 in normal intima and from 0.8 to 12.5 in fatty fibrous plaques. No consistent differences in apoB content were found between normal intimas from thoracic and abdominal aortic regions. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the quantity of buffer-extractable apoB in normal regions and the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentration. Buffer-extractable apoB values were significantly higher in fatty fibrous plaques than in ulcerated lesions from the same vessel. However, fatty fibrous plaque apoB values were significantly lower than those from grossly normal regions from the same aorta, although the topographical distribution of apoB was more widespread in plaques than in normal regions, as shown by immunofluorescence studies. This apparent discrepancy reflected the incomplete extraction of apoB from plaques as contrasted to normal regions. The relatively loosely bound apoB, extractable by standard buffers, may represent intact low density lipoprotein (LDL) and/or very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), while the tightly bound fraction may represent insoluble complexes of intact lipoproteins within the plaque or delipidated apoB.
Countertransference Responses in Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy
Authors: G. Vaslamatzis, P. Kanellos, V. Tserpe, S. Verveniotis
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1986)

The concept of countertransference is used in a broader sense (Heimann, Kernberg) or a more restricted one (Reich, Dewald) in the psychoanalytic literature. All authors generally agree that it is of great importance 'to have countertransference under conscious awareness and control' (Singer and Luborsky). Our study stresses the importance of the countertransference phenomenon in the context of short-term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP). Three clinical examples were selected to illustrate only the specific issues of this study. Psychotherapies were carried out in the Psychotherapy Unit of the Psychiatric Clinic, Athens University. Therapists were residents in psychiatry and were supervised by psychiatrists with a formal psychoanalytic training and experience. Taking into account the therapeutic processes, three kinds of countertransference responses were discerned: (a) those connected with the patient's transference pattern; (b) those linked with the therapist's character structure, and (c) those manifested in specific stages of STDP, especially during the termination phase.
A Trial Comparing Nucleoside Monotherapy with Combination Therapy in HIV-Infected Adults with CD4 Cell Counts from 200 to 500 per Cubic Millimeter
Authors: Scott M. Hammer, David A. Katzenstein, Michael D. Hughes, Holly Gundacker, Robert T. Schooley, Richard H. Haubrich, W. Keith Henry, Michael M. Lederman, John P. Phair, Manette Niu, Martin S. Hirsch, Thomas C. Merigan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

This double-blind study evaluated treatment with either a single nucleoside or two nucleosides in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) whose CD4 cell counts were from 200 to 500 per cubic millimeter.
Quantification of infarct size by 201Tl single-photon emission computed tomography during acute myocardial infarction in humans. Comparison with enzymatic estimates.
Authors: J J Mahmarian, C M Pratt, S Borges-Neto, W R Cashion, R Roberts, M S Verani
Journal: Circulation (1988)

We prospectively investigated whether 201Tl single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) could accurately diagnose the presence and quantify the extent of acute myocardial infarction when compared with infarct size assessed by plasma MB-creatine kinase activity. Thirty patients with enzymatic evidence of infarction were imaged within 12-36 hours of chest pain (mean, 23.4 hours). No patient had a previous infarction, and none underwent intervention seeking to restore coronary patency. Infarct size was quantified with computer-generated polar maps of the myocardial radioactivity and expressed as a percentage of the total left ventricular volume. To assess left and right ventricular performance, blood-pool gated radionuclide angiography was performed immediately after SPECT. All 30 patients had perfusion defects consistent with myocardial infarction. Scintigraphic and enzymatic estimates of infarct size correlated well for the group as a whole (r = 0.78, p less than 0.001, SEE = 9.1) but especially for those patients with anterior infarction (r = 0.91, p less than 0.001, SEE = 7.9). The poor correlation observed in patients with inferior infarction (r = 0.50, p less than 0.05, SEE = 10.0) was believed to be related to the frequent occurrence of right ventricular involvement because SPECT assessed only left ventricular damage, whereas the enzymatic method estimated the myocardial injury in both ventricles. A quantitative index of right ventricular infarct size, derived from the relation between the scintigraphic and enzymatic estimates, had a strong inverse correlation with right ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.89, p less than 0.001, SEE = 3.6).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
972-105 Afterload Reduction Selectively Improves Myocardial Deformation After Infarction in Adjacent Noninfarcted Regions
Authors: Victor A. Ferrari, Christopher M. Kramer, leon Axel, Fe Wright, Michael Nance, Daniel Bloomgarden, Nathaniel Reichek, Joao A.C. lima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
A man with thrombocytopenia
Authors: F. Dhalla, P. Gulati, D. Sreerangaiah, S. M. Abraham
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Primary lymphoid neoplasms of the urinary tract are exceedingly rare, with only 21 cases being reported and comprising less than 5% of all primary extranodal lymphomas. We report a case of a 45-year-old man who presented with right flank pain and weight loss, and who was found to have a stricture in the right lower ureter causing ureteral obstruction. Histopathology revealed lower ureteric non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which, on further evaluation, was found to be isolated ureteric lymphoma. The patient was doing well after six cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy. This case is being reported as a rare cause of distal ureteric obstruction.
Personality, self-control, and welfare-tradeoff ratios in revenge and forgiveness
Authors: Daniel Balliet, Tila M. Pronk
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract We address how trait self-control and trait concern for others relate to the concepts of monitored and intrinsic Welfare Tradeoff Ratios (WTRs), respectively, and how recent work on personality, revenge, and forgiveness are informed by the adaptationist perspective proposed in the target article. We also discuss how the proposed adaptationist perspective provides clues to some previously puzzling findings on revenge.
The Scientific Basis of Joint Replacement
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Far too many authors of books and articles on biomechanics perpetuate the unwarranted assumption that clinicians have magically retained a knowledge of physics, algebra, and calculus. Some writings fail to present pertinent theories in a language understandable to the nonmathematician. This volume more nearly resolves that dilemma than perhaps any other I have read.  The book contains several exceptionally lucid sections on basic biomechanics. The combined efforts of engineers, pathologists, and orthopedists become readily apparent in the well-written initial chapter on the basic properties of materials, especially those used in joint replacement. Stress, strain, viscoelasticity, hardness, fatigue, and corrosion are defined in intelligible terms. Subsequent sections contain explanations of stress testing of materials in general and of those designed specifically for total joint replacements. This format is repeated in the discussion of friction, lubrication, and wear.  Unlike many others, the authors fortunately remember that total joint replacements have an interface
The Golden Helix: Inside Biotech Ventures
Authors: Neil A. Holtzman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Recombinant DNA technology has already had two remarkable successes. Scientists have mapped the human genome, are well on their way to identifying the 80 000 or so genes arrayed along it, and are discovering the function of the genes already identified. Spawning the asociated multifaceted biotechnology industry has been the second success. Recombinant DNA techniques can mass-produce segments of DNA, including genes, and the proteins encoded by the genes. Consequently, a host of recombinant products has transformed the development of vaccines and drugs. With these successes, Arthur Kornberg's title is not amiss figuratively or literally. But, as Kornberg candidly points out, "success in science" does not inevitably "lead to success in the market." Part of the book is devoted to mini-biographies of the businessmen (no women) and scientists who have contributed to the success of new biotechnology companies. Interestingly, few come from well-established families, suggesting, perhaps, that such backgrounds do
Doctor fails to stop unused material from trial in which he was acquitted being handed to GMC
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A doctor who was found not guilty of sexual assault by a jury has failed in a bid to stop the police handing over to the General Medical Council material that was not used in his trial.

The ruling by High Court judge Mrs Justice Cox in the case brought by Ali Izzet Nakash was described by the GMC’s counsel Iain Steele as “an important judgment on the balance between an individual’s right to privacy and the public interest in regulators having access to potentially relevant material.”

Nakash, originally from Iraq, was a specialist registrar in obstetrics and gynaecology who had been working at the Royal Free Hospital in north London for around four years when he performed …
Approach to the Medical Care of the Sick Newborn
Authors: Lewis Leavitt
Journal: JAMA (1972)

This book is one of several recently published manuals that presents, in summary form, paradigms of diagnosis and treatment for newborn care. In topics covered, the book is quite extensive. It includes sections on administration and organization of newborn services, parent education, follow-up programs, and infant placement and adoption. These sections are well written and are a welcome addition to the usual topics included in such a manual. Problems of diagnosis and treatment are discussed in outline form. There are numerous well-arranged tables of clinical signs and symptoms and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The text, although often telegraphic in form, is logical and reads well. The line drawings are usually pertinent and helpful supplements to the text. Considering its importance in neonatal care, treatment of the respiratory distress syndrome is given rather cursory discussion. Neonatology is a highly specialized, rapidly developing field. Manuals such as this book that devote a
Testing Cooperation in Parents with Children Destined for Home Dialysis
Authors: K. Engel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1978)

Ten married couples with children in the dialysis department of the University's Children Hospital of Heidelberg are examined by means of different tests (Joint Rorschach, Simfam, Giessen Test, Bales scale, Expert rating) and compared with a group of ten psychologically 'extraordinary' as well as ten psychologically 'ordinary' couples. The problem was to find out whether the emotional family atmosphere is stable enough to provide the child with home dialysis or whether the parents need psychotherapeutic preparation.
HSTNT LEVELS PREDICT NUMBER OF DISEASED VESSELS IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED ACS
Authors: Maria Teresa Cardillo, Luigi Biasucci, Chiara De Waure, Maria Giulia Marini, Annalisa Caroli, Gianluigi Quaranta, massimo gustapane, Gina Biasillo, Martina Zaninotto, Mario Plebani, Filippo Crea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Primary Care–Specialty Income Gap: Why It Matters
Authors: Thomas Bodenheimer, Robert A. Berenson, Paul Rudolf
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

A large, widening gap exists between the incomes of primary care physicians and those of many specialists. This disparity is important because noncompetitive primary care incomes discourage medical school graduates from choosing primary care careers. The Resource-Based Relative Value Scale, designed to reduce the inequality between fees for office visits and payment for procedures, failed to prevent the widening primary care–specialty income gap for 4 reasons: 1) The volume of diagnostic and imaging procedures has increased far more rapidly than the volume of office visits, which benefits specialists who perform those procedures; 2) the process of updating fees every 5 years is heavily influenced by the Relative Value Scale Update Committee, which is composed mainly of specialists; 3) Medicare's formula for controlling physician payments penalizes primary care physicians; and 4) private insurers tend to pay for procedures, but not for office visits, at higher levels than those paid by Medicare. Payment reform is essential to guarantee a healthy primary care base to the U.S. health care system.
Abstract 1433: Omental derived adipose stromal cells regulate nitric oxide homeostasis to maintain tumorigenicity in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Bahar Salimian Rizi, Ann H. Klopp, Deepak Nagrath
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The rate of obesity is increasing dramatically in the United States, resulting in a rising incidence of obesity associated diseases including colorectal, gallbladder, esophageal, renal, breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer. The location of excess adipose tissue is reportedly an important factor which influences the effect of obesity on cancer incidence. The tumor promoting effects of regional adipose may be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population in adipose tissue. Adipose derived stromal cells (ASCs) are a multi-potent population of MSCs, which support cancer progression in many models. These cells are uniquely tumor tropic, migrating into tumor stroma from regional sources where they support formation of tumor stroma elements and promote tumor progression. Thus, we hypothesize that the omentum provides a particularly hospitable microenvironment for OVCA metastasis due to the presence of omental ASCs (O-ASCs). One critically important, yet often overlooked contributor to ovarian tumor growth, progression and metastasis in obese individuals is nitric oxide (NO). Cancer cells' high affinity for NO and NO's characteristic high solubility in lipids could explain the proximity of many carcinomas to fatty tissue, and thus the high positive correlation between obesity and cancer. Here we report a novel NO mediated reciprocal coupling between O-ASCs and ovarian cancer which promotes cancer cell growth and energy metabolism. Our results show that O-ASCs supports viability of cancer cells by secreting arginine and cancer cells in turn induce adipogenesis in O-ASCs by secreting citrulline. We found that OASCs promote tumor growth and increase resistance to chemotherapy by modulating NO homeostasis. The inhibition of NO synthesis or scavenging of NO enhanced chemo-sensitivity. Using metabolic profiling we found that OASCs rewire metabolic pathways related to nitrogenous amino acids and reprogram energy metabolism. In summary, our data indicate that modulation of intrinsic NO substantially affects tumor growth and drug toxicity in ovarian cancer cells. Our study will lead to significant advances in the understanding of the omentum in altering cancer metabolism and lead to novel therapeutics. Citation Format: Bahar Salimian Rizi, Ann H. Klopp, Deepak Nagrath. Omental derived adipose stromal cells regulate nitric oxide homeostasis to maintain tumorigenicity in ovarian cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1433. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1433
Failure of Calcineurin Inhibitors to Prevent Pressure-Overload Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Rats
Authors: Weiguo Zhang, Robert C. Kowal, Frank Rusnak, Robert A. Sikkink, Eric N. Olson, Ronald G. Victor
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —A rapidly emerging body of literature implicates a pivotal role for the Ca 2+ -calmodulin–dependent phosphatase calcineurin as a cellular target for a variety of Ca 2+ -dependent signaling pathways culminating in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Most of the recent experimental support for this hypothesis is derived from in vitro studies or in vivo studies in transgenic mice expressing activated calcineurin or mutant sarcomeric proteins. The aim of the present study was to test whether calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporin A (CsA) and FK 506, prevent pressure-overload LVH using 2 standard rat models: (1) the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and (2) aortic banding. The major new findings are 2-fold. First, in SHR, LVH (left ventricular weight to body weight ratio) was unaffected by a dose of CsA (5 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) that was sufficient to raise blood pressure and to inhibit calcineurin-mediated transcriptional activation in skeletal muscle. Second, in rats with aortic banding, LVH was unaffected by FK 506 (0.3 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) or even higher doses of CsA (10 and 20 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) that were sufficient to inhibit 90% of total calcineurin phosphatase activity in the hypertrophied myocardium. In the latter experiments, CsA blocked neither the elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressures, a measure of diastolic function, nor the induction in atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA in the hypertrophic ventricles. Thus, in numerous experiments, systemic administration of potent calcineurin inhibitors did not prevent the development of LVH in 2 classic models of pressure-overload hypertrophy. These results demonstrate that pressure-overload hypertrophy can arise through calcineurin-independent pathways.
Diagnostic Imaging in Mediastinal Thyroid Tumor
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, SHAO-RU CHO, MARGUERITE PURCELL, HUANG TSUNG-YAO, PEGGY A. DOMSTAD, CHUNG-I LIU, FRANK H. DeLAND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Various diagnostic imagings in nine patients with mediastinal goiters were presented. The clinical manifestations of these patients were various, from totally asymptomatic to severe dyspnea. Six of the nine patients underwent surgical intervention, three were follicular adenomas and three were nodular goiters. A chest radiograph (positive in seven out of nine patients) provided the most valuable initial localization of a goiter mass to the anterior, middle, or posterior compartment. Esophagograms (performed in four patients) showed compression of esophagus by the mediastinal mass. l-131 scintigraphy (performed in seven patients) was capable of detection of functional (in three patients) vs nonfunctional status of thyroid status (in four patients). Angiography (performed in five patients), characterized by anatomic continuity with cervical thyroid gland, calcifications, well-defined border of masses and/or contrast enhancement, offered important roles to direct a diagnosis of intrathoracic goiter. The computed tomography becomes increasingly important because all mediastinal goiters are not radioiodine avid.
Abstract LB-193: APOBEC3 catalyzed genomic mutations in breast cancer
Authors: Michael B. Burns, Lela Lackey, Allison Land, Anurag Rathore, Eric Refsland, Reuben Harris
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract In this work, we present evidence that an endogenous DNA mutating protein, APOBEC3, is massively overexpressed in a high proportion of breast cancers and that this overexpression may be responsible for the genetic variability seen in these cancers. Multiple driver mutations are required for cancer development and recent genome-wide approaches have revealed that many cancers, including breast, harbor staggering numbers of mutations, both point mutations as well as gross chromosomal rearrangements. The molecular origins of most of these somatic aberrations remain unclear. In this work, we test the hypothesis that APOBEC3, an endogenous DNA mutator, is a causative factor driving these mutations. One clue derives from the fact that C/G-to-T/A transition mutations, both within and outside of methyl-C-p-G dinucleotide motifs, predominate in subsets of many tumor types, including breast cancer. We demonstrate that APOBEC3, a DNA cytosine deaminase, is a likely endogenous source of mutation in breast cancer. We show, using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), that APOBEC3 is overexpressed in a majority of commonly available breast cancer cell lines (34/44) when compared to MCF-10A and hTERT-HMEC control lines. This overexpression phenotype persists when examining primary breast tumors (24/37) using patient-matched normal tissues as controls. APOBEC3 is predominantly localized to the nuclear compartment when overexpressed, as seen using fluorescently tagged APOBEC3. Additionally, its catalytic DNA cytosine to uracil deamination activity is dramatically elevated in this compartment in multiple breast cancer cell lines, as quantified using a FRET-based DNA oligonucleotide cleavage assay. This presentation will discuss the potential impact of this potent endogenous mutagen on the breast cancer genome and the implications for tumor evolution and therapy resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-193. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-193
Obstetricians at Lisbon hospital go on strike
Authors: Tiago Villanueva
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Doctors working in Portugal's largest maternity hospital, in Lisbon, have begun an 11 day strike. The strike aims to prevent the exodus to other institutions of obstetricians trained at the Alfredo da Costa Maternity Hospital. It also seeks to ensure that agreed overtime payments are honoured.

The strike began at midnight on Monday 17 May and was due to continue until midnight on 28 May, according to the Portuguese Independent Union of Doctors.

Alvaro Cohen, spokesman for the union, said that all state doctors in the obstetrics department have joined the strike, 98% of those in gynaecology, 88% in anaesthesia, and 76% …
Increased pachyonychia congenita severity in patients with concurrent keratin and filaggrin mutations
Authors: R. Gruber, N.J. Wilson, F.J.D. Smith, D. Grabher, L. Steinwender, P.O. Fritsch, M. Schmuth
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Pachyonychia congenita (PC), a rare autosomal‐dominant keratin disorder caused by mutations in keratin genes KRT6A/B, KRT16 or KRT17, is characterized by painful plantar keratoderma and hypertrophic nail dystrophy. Loss‐of‐function mutations in the filaggrin (FLG) gene underlie the most prevalent skin disorder of cornification, ichthyosis vulgaris (IV), which presents with generalized scaling and is also associated with atopic dermatitis. Recently, FLG mutations have been reported to increase phenotype severity of X‐linked ichthyosis and alopecia areata. We report a parent–child trio in which the mother and the son have PC and the father has IV. Both the mother and the son are carriers for the KRT16 mutation p.Leu132Pro. The son, who is much more severely affected than his mother, in addition carries the heterozygous FLG mutation p.R2447X, which was inherited from the father. This observation suggests that coinheritance of mutations in KRT16 and FLG may aggravate the PC phenotype and that FLG could serve as a genetic modifier in PC.