tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prospective evaluation of malignant cell seeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients with oropharyngeal/esophageal cancers
Authors: M. Ellrichmann, P. Sergeev, J. Bethge, A. Arlt, T. Topalidis, P. Ambrosch, J. Wiltfang, A. Fritscher-Ravens
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is standard care for many patients with oropharyngeal (ENT) and esophageal malignancies in order to ensure enteral feeding. The current pull-through insertion technique involves direct contact with the tumor and case reports have demonstrated the presence of metastases at insertion sites. The aim of the current study was to prospectively evaluate the risk of malignant cell seeding and the development of abdominal wall metastases after PEG placement.A total of 50 consecutive patients with ENT/esophageal tumors were included. After PEG placement (40 pull-through technique, 10 direct insertion), brush cytology was taken from the PEG tubing and the transcutaneous incision site. A second cytological assessment was performed after a follow-up period of 3 - 6 months.In total, 26 patients with ENT cancer, 13 with esophageal cancer, and one with esophageal infiltration of lung cancer underwent pull-through PEG placement with no immediate complications. Cytology following brushing of tubing and incision sites demonstrated malignant cells in 9 /40 cases (22.5 %). Correlation analyses revealed a higher rate of malignant seeding in older patients and in those with higher tumor stages. At follow-up, cytology was undertaken in 32 /40 patients who had undergone pull-through PEG placement. Malignant cells were present in three on cytology, resulting in a metastatic seeding rate of 9.4 %.This study showed that malignant cells were present in 22.5 % of patients immediately after pull-through PEG placement; local metastases were verified at follow-up in 9.4 %, all of which were from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This risk is particularly high in the older age group and in patients with higher tumor stages. Therefore, pull-through PEG placement should be avoided in these patients and direct access PEG favored instead.
Variation in Rates of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease by Race/Ethnicity in US Military Personnel
Authors: Donald S. A. McLeod, Patrizio Caturegli, David S. Cooper, Peter G. Matos, Susan Hutfless
Journal: JAMA (2014)

The relationship between Graves disease and race/ethnicity is undefined. Based on thyroid antibody prevalence, the rates of Hashimoto thyroiditis may be highest in whites and lowest in blacks.1,2 Using a large and comprehensive data set of medical diagnoses for all US active duty service personnel, we calculated age-standardized incidence rates for Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis by race/ethnicity.
Nonspecific Histopathological Diagnoses
Authors: Klaus Sellheyer, Paula Nelson, Wilma F. Bergfeld
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Creator of Dolly the sheep applies for therapeutic cloning licence
Authors: Nadeeja Koralage
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The scientist who cloned Dolly the sheep has announced that he will apply for a licence to clone human embryos.

Professor Ian Wilmut told the BMJ that he still opposed reproductive cloning but that the research could provide new treatments for diseases such as motor neurone disease that may involve the use of stem cells or small molecule drugs.

Therapeutic cloning has been legal in the United Kingdom since 2001, but the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority has not yet awarded a licence to any group to do it; nor will the authority will disclose whether any group …
Receptors for insulinlike growth factor I are defective in fibroblasts cultured from a patient with leprechaunism.
Authors: E E Van Obberghen-Schilling, M M Rechler, J A Romanus, A B Knight, S P Nissley, R E Humbel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

We previously have demonstrated that fibroblasts from a patient with leprechaunism exhibited markedly decreased insulin binding to insulin receptors and that the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose incorporation in the patient's cells was greatly impaired. In addition, the insulinlike growth factor, multiplication-stimulating activity (MSA), also exhibited an impaired ability to stimulate glucose incorporation in the patient's fibroblasts, although in normal fibroblasts this response appears to be mediated by an insulinlike growth factor receptor. The present study examines 125I-labeled insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) binding to patient's and control fibroblasts. 125I-labeled IGF-I binds to a specific IGF-I receptor in normal fibroblasts. At steady state, binding was inhibited by unlabeled IGF-I, IGF-II, MSA III-2, MSA II, insulin, and proinsulin, in order of potency, but not by high concentrations of epidermal growth factor and human growth hormone, chemically unrelated polypeptides 125I-labeled IGF-I binding to patient's cells was decreased by approximately 75%, whereas binding of epidermal growth factor to its cell surface receptors was unaffected. Computer curve-fitting of untransformed equilibrium binding data suggests that the decreased binding resulted from a decreased Ka for IGF-I. The ability of the patient's IGF-I receptor to recognize insulin also appears to be altered. Impaired IGF-I binding by the leprechaun patient's fibroblasts may contribute to the abnormal biological response to insulinlike growth factors observed in vitro and to the in utero growth retardation.
ON THE NATURE AND TREATMENT OF CERTAIN FORMS OF PARALYSIS
Authors: J. Braid
Journal: BMJ (1855)

This paper, written for the Annual Meeting of the Provincial Assocation at York, but not read for want of timie, i8 now published biy request of thle meeting.]I mm to submit to your consideration a few remarks on the nature and' treatment of certain forms of paralysis.It would be altogether a work of supererogation were I to owcupy the time of such a meeting as the present by any remarks on the nature and treatment of ordinary cases of p ly8si, Garising from recent attacks of apoplexy of the or spinal cord, caused by congestion, effusion, or com- pression of the brain or spinal marrow, or by organic lesions of these organs; inasmuch as such cases have been ably dis- cussed in separate monographs on the subject, and in systematic treatises on the practice of physic, with which most of the gentlemen present are no doubt quite familiar.My remarks, therefore, shall be confined to chronic cases of long standing, which may have been preceded by structural lesion, effusion, congestion, or compression, but which morbid conditions have been relieved or removed by treat- ment and the salutary efforts of nature during a course of years, without a corresponding improvement having taken place in the voluntary power, and which may, therefore, be coasidered as the result of an impairment of functional power, independently of appreciable organic lesion.There is also another variety of paralysis from sudden attacks of persistent tonic spasm of certain muscles, and entire loss on 16 August
GPs will be forced to offer patients private care
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Patients will have to be offered the option of treatment in the private sector under the government's plans to offer patients a choice of provider, it has emerged.

The news comes as a shock to many primary care trusts, which are responsible for ensuring that patients are offered four or five choices of where they can receive treatment.

The policy framework issued by the Department of Health in August, “Choose and Book”—Patient's Choice of Hospital and Booked Appointment (see http://www.dh.gov.uk/ via search facility) said the range …
The use of continuous infusion of factor concentrates in the treatment of hemophilia
Authors: Robert D. Bona, Ralph A. Weinstein, Steven J. Weisman, Ann Bartolomeo, Frederick R. Rickles
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract Bolus Infusion of clotting factor concentrates remains the most common approach to the treatment or prevention of bleeding in patients with hemophilia. Although successful use of continuous infusion of such concentrates has been reported by several groups, this alternative treatment method has not achieved widespread popularity. We report here our experience in one hemophilia center with the use of continuous infusion of factor VIII and factor IX concentrates in 13 patients, 11 with hemophilia A, and 2 with hemophilia B. All patients were treated successfully for bleeding episodes (e.g., hemarthroses, intracranial, or gastrointestinal bleeding) or for surgical procedures (appendectomy, thoracotomy, etc.). Three patients with low titer factor VIII inhibitors were treated successfully with constant infusion therapy, requiring a mean dose of factor VIII concentrate 2.3 fold (8.20 u/kg/h) higher than that of the patients without inhibitors (3.63 u/kg/h) to maintain a circulating plasma level of factor VIII of 1 u/ml. The use of constant infusion of clotting factor concentrates is safe, efficacious, and more convenient than bolus therapy of factor concentrates and should be considered for hospitalized hemophilia patients requiring replacement therapy.
Cholesterol, Coronaries, Clofibrate and Death
Authors: M. F. Oliver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

The results of the largest and longest clinical trial of the effects on the incidence of coronary heart disease of reducing elevated plasma cholesterol concentrations in apparently normal men are now available.1 These results will have far reaching consequences, whether they are regarded as favorable or unfavorable to the lipid hypothesis,2 and a brief description of the trial is needed for their understanding.The trial was started in 1965, and clofibrate was chosen as the means of testing in healthy volunteers whether reduction of plasma cholesterol would influence the incidence of coronary heart disease. It was conducted in three European . . .
Gangrene Due to the Hemolytic Streptococcus — A Rare but Treatable Disease
Authors: R. N. Collins, M. S. Nadel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

GANGRENE due to the hemolytic streptococcus has been recognized as a distinct clinical entity since Meleney's1 classic description in 1924. It is relatively rare in the English-speaking countries. Misdiagnosis is common, and the resulting mortality and morbidity are extraordinarily high.2,3 Most physicians, having never seen a case, are likely not to recognize the pathognomonic features, which occur early in virtually all cases. Effective and time-proved therapy is available, but success depends on early recognition.Case ReportA 64-year-old widow (G.N.H.C.H. 397082) was admitted to the Grace—New Haven Hospital on February 12, 1964. Eighteen hours previously, when seen by a neighbor, . . .
PREVALENCE AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF EARLY REPOLARIZATION PATTERNS IN YOUNG HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS: IMPACT OF GENDER, ETHNICITY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Saqib Ghani, Angela Gravina, Sara Di Fino, Abbas Zaidi, Nabeel Sheikh, Sabiha Gati, Sanjay Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
French scientist resigns in nuclear contamination row
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Professor Charles Souleau, the president of a committee appointed by the French government to evaluate the risk of contamination by the La Hague nuclear reprocessing plant in Normandy, resigned last week after a public disagreement with the rest of the committee. The row came to a head when Professor Souleau presented reassuring figures on exposure doses to the public which, it transpired, had been produced by the state nuclear company Cogema, which runs the La Hague plant.

Professor Jean-Francois Viel, a French epidemiologist, first established a causal link between the incidence of leukaemia and low doses of radiation near the plant …
Dermo-epidermal relationships in pyogenic granulomata
Authors: M. G. DAVIES, R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

The epidermis of pyogenic granulomata is presented with an unusual problem of distorted dermo‐epidermal relationships. In this study we have attempted to delineate the problem and have studied the way in which the epidermis copes with its difficulties. Sixteen pyogenic granulomata with (where possible) paralesional skin (and for comparison ten Campbell de Morgan spots) were studied by cell kinetic techniques. High labelling indices were found in the epidermis and in the endothelium in the pyogenic granulomata (contrasting strikingly with the findings in the Campbell de Morgan spots). A variable morphological response was found ranging from hyperplasia with parakeratosis to epidermal thinning and atrophy. Possible mechanisms for the epidermal changes are discussed and it is suggested that the data produced from this and similar studies may aid the understanding of dermo‐epidermal interaction in a variety of common skin disorders including psoriasis.
Increased adhesion to endothelial cells of erythrocytes from patients with polycythemia vera is mediated by laminin α5 chain and Lu/BCAM
Authors: Marie-Paule Wautier, Wassim El Nemer, Pierre Gane, Jean-Didier Rain, Jean-Pierre Cartron, Yves Colin, Caroline Le Van Kim, Jean-Luc Wautier
Journal: Blood (2007)
Use of Laboratory Tests
Authors: CH. ALTSHULER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1981Use of Laboratory TestsCH. ALTSHULER, M.D.CH. ALTSHULER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-2-237 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The editorial by Schroeder and Martin (1) in the April issue reflects "conventional wisdom" as it relates to the clinical laboratory. Because repetition of erroneous statements may ultimately be mistaken for the truth and because it is frustrating to clinical pathologists, trying to set the record straight is probably important. Enough is enough!We have computer access to the laboratory information of roughly 180 000 inpatient encounters in a 570-bed community hospital during 7½ years, and the following comments reflect our findings with this data base relative to the claims expressed in the editorial. Let us take...Reference1. SCHROEDERMARTIN SA. Will changing how physicians order tests reduce medical costs? Ann Intern Med. 1981;94(Part 1):534-6. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar1. SCHROEDERMARTIN SA. Will changing how physicians order tests reduce medical costs? Ann Intern Med. 1981;94(Part 1):534-6. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SCHROEDERO'LEARY SD. Differences in laboratory use and length of stay between university and community hospitals. J Med Educ. 1977;52:418-20. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. MARTINDONALDSONLONDONPETERSONCOLTON SMCOT. Inputs into coronary care during 30 years: a cost effectiveness study. Ann Intern Med. 1974;81:289-93. LinkGoogle Scholar4. BLOOMPETERSON BO. End results, cost and productivity of coronary care units. N Engl J Med. 1973;288:72-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. ADLERWALLERCREESE MJA. Ramdomized controlled trial of early discharge for inguinal hernia and varicose veins. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1978;32:136-42. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. CHANTJONESWEDDELL AHJ. Varicose veins: a comparison of surgery and injection/compression sclerotherapy. Lancet. 1972;2:1188-91. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Joseph's Hospital Milwaukee, WI 53210 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1981Volume 95, Issue 2Page: 237-238KeywordsClinical laboratoriesComputersInpatientsLaboratory testsPathologistsResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 August 1981 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Functional CD137 receptors are expressed by eosinophils from patients with IgE-mediated allergic responses but not by eosinophils from patients with non–IgE-mediated eosinophilic disorders
Authors: Isabelle V.W.M. Heinisch, Christian Bizer, Wolfgang Volgger, Hans-Uwe Simon
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2001)
Severe Atypical Endometrial Changes and Sequential Contraceptive Use
Authors: Raymond H. Kaufman, Keith O. Reeves, Cary M. Dougherty
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Of eight young women, seven had a diagnosis of well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and one had atypical endometrial hyperplasia. The average age was 40.1 years, with 6.04 years of dimethisterone-ethinyl estradiol (Oracon) sequential contraceptive use. The patients were not typical of those in whom endometrial carcinoma develops. Although these cases do not prove that long-term administration of dimethisterone-ethinyl estradiol causes endometrial adenocarcinoma or atypia, they indicate that it may do so. (<i>JAMA</i>236:923-926, 1976)
OBESITY CARDIOMYOPATHY: A NEW CONCEPT OF SECONDARY CARDIOMYOPATHY WITH UNIQUE ULTRASTRUCTURAL FEATURES
Authors: Tsunenori Saito, Kuniya Asai, Hiroshi Takahashi, Hidenori Komiyama, Koji Kato, Eisei Yamamoto, Hitoshi Takano, Toshihiko Ohara, Yuh Fukuda, Kyoichi Mizuno
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Discrepancies Between Cineangiographic and Postmortem Findings in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Recent Myocardial Revascularization
Authors: CLAUDE M. GRONDIN, IHOR DYRDA, ANDRÉ PASTERNAC, LUCIEN CAMPEAU, MARTIAL G. BOURASSA, JACQUES LESPÉRANCE
Journal: Circulation (1974)

In 28 consecutive patients who died following coronary artery grafting and within 30 days of a previous coronary cineangiogram, a study was undertaken to compare the findings at autopsy and those at angiography. In five instances, such a comparison could not be made: in one instance, no postmortem examination was obtained, and in four additional cases, the quality of the cineangiographic document (three instances) or the pathological specimen (one instance) did not permit a reliable comparison. In the remaining 23 cases, there were nine specimens in which an appreciable difference (≥ 25%) was noted in the severity of the coronary artery lesions. In four of these nine cases, failure of cineangiography to assess the degree of coronary arterial narrowing led to incomplete myocardial revascularization and contributed, in retrospect, to the surgical failure. Most discrepancies occurred in the left coronary artery system, despite the fact that in all instances, four projections had been obtained of the left coronary artery in the transverse plane. Because of the particular orientation of the initial portion of the left coronary artery and its major divisions, it is recommended that additional projections in the sagittal plane be included to eliminate angiographic superimposition of multiple branches, which often cannot be properly separated in the standard transverse plane.
Cytoreductive therapy in 108 adults with systemic mastocytosis: Outcome analysis and response prediction during treatment with interferon‐alpha, hydroxyurea, imatinib mesylate or 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine
Authors: Ken H. Lim, Animesh Pardanani, Joseph H. Butterfield, Chin‐Yang Li, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Cytoreductive therapy in systemic mastocytosis (SM) includes several drugs whose individual merit has not been well characterized. We retrospectively studied 108 Mayo Clinic patients who met the 2008 WHO diagnostic criteria for SM and received at least one cytoreductive drug. The numbers of patients who were evaluable for response to treatment with interferon-alpha with or without prednisone (IFN-alpha), hydroxyurea (HU), imatinib mesylate (IM) or 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) were 40, 26, 22, and 22, respectively. The corresponding overall (major) response rates, according to recently published consensus criteria, were 53% (18%), 19% (0%), 18% (9%), and 55% (37%). The respective overall response rates in indolent SM, aggressive SM and SM associated with another clonal hematological nonmast cell lineage disease (SM-AHNMD) were 60%, 60%, 45% for IFN-alpha, 0, 0, 21% for HU, 14%, 50%, 9% for IM and 56%, 50%, 55% for 2-CdA. The absence of mast cell mediator release symptoms in IFN-alpha-treated patients and presence of circulating immature myeloid cells in 2-CdA-treated patients predicted inferior response. TET2 mutational status did not influence treatment response. Although the major response rates with these four cytoreductive agents were still suboptimal and HU was mainly used in patients with SM-AHNMD, the current study favors 2-CdA or IFN-alpha as first-line current therapy in SM and identifies patients who are likely to respond to such therapy.
Pentoxifylline inhibits the proliferation and the fibrogenic properties of human hepatic myofibroblastic cells
Authors: A PREAUX
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In the region of the distal optic chiasma of each optic lobe of Periplaneta americana, there is a group of about 120 monopolar neurosecretory cells. These cells do not stain with paraldehyde fuchsin but remain acidophilic after oxidation. They stain red or sometimes indigo with the azan technique. Histochemically, the neurosecretory material is positive for protein and the amino acids tryptophan and arginine but negative for 1, 2-glycols and strongly acidic groups. At the ultrastructural level, the cytoplasm of the cells contain many elementary neurosecretory granules 100 to 170 nm in dia. The cells also contain well-developed Golgi bodies and endoplasmic retieulum. The axons from these cells run toward the interior of the optic lobe. In this region, axons containing dense granules (mean diameter 70 nm) and synaptic vesicles synapse onto the axons from the neurosecretory cells. The neurosecretory axons then cross over to the anterior side of the optic lobe and run towards the brain. The function of these neurosecretory cells is unknown, but they may be involved with photoperiodically controlled activity rhythms.