tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Scared of Worms
Authors: Robert E Hirschtick
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Effects in the Rat of Varying Intakes of Dietary Calcium, Phosphorus, and Hydrogen Ion on Hyperparathyroidism Due to Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Michael Kaye
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Renal failure of 4 wk duration in rats led to parathyroid enlargement, increased bone resorption, and decreased tubular reabsorption of phosphate by the remnant kidney. The degree of hyperparathyroidism was influenced by each of the three dietary factors investigated. In the first study increasing calcium intake reduced the size of the parathyroids by increasing calcium and reducing phosphate absorption. In the second study phosphate intake was linearly related to parathyroid gland size in the uremic animals and associated with rising plasma phosphate levels. In the last study acidosis led directly to increased bone resorption but small parathyroid glands associated with elevated ionized calcium levels. Alkalosis lowered the serum ionized calcium and led to parathyroid enlargement and the expected associated findings. It was shown that parathyroid weight reflected both metabolic activity as judged by amino acid uptake, and the content of immunoassayable parathyroid hormone. In all studies gland weight was inversely related to serum ionized calcium.
The Ethics of Genetic Control: Ending Reproductive Roulette
Authors: George J. Annas
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Moral philosopher Joseph Fletcher has always been 15 to 20 years ahead of his time in exploring the ethical questions raised by modern medicine. His 1954<i>Morals and Medicine</i>, for example, set the agenda for medical ethics well into the 1970s. And this 1988 rerelease of his 1974<i>Ethics of Genetic Control</i>remains as relevant today as it was then. Fletcher says in his new introduction that "Reading journals and the more popular media, I find that people are saying the same things and asking the same questions over and over." This is a useful observation, and anyone involved in medical ethics and policy-making in medicine during the past 25 years will recognize the recurrence of fundamental questions. Most medical ethicists claim<i>not</i>to provide answers, but only to clarify the questions and the values at stake. Fletcher has always eschewed this approach and has consistently tried to provide answers
STRICTURE OF THE URETER.
Authors: HOWARD A. KELLY
Journal: JAMA (1902)

It is not a little strange that although enough has been written about strictures of the urethra to fill volumes, practically nothing, and next to nothing practical, has been said of strictures of the ureters. A stricture of the urethra is the occasion of a damming up of the urine in the natural vesical reservoir, and as soon as such an accumulation reaches a point beyond physiologic limits the desire to urinate becomes so imperative that relief must be found either by natural or by artificial means. If a urethral stricture repeatedly asserts itself in this way the victim hastens to a surgeon and continues under his treatment until some measure of relief is secured. It is quite otherwise with a stricture of the ureter, which may develop gradually and in which the signs are often not at all urgent; the lumbar pain, due to the urine forced back into
Predicting survival in CAD.
Authors: R E Vlietstra, R L Frye, L R Elveback
Journal: Circulation (1979)

and Switzerland lie considerably below the regression line and, on the other hand, the United States much above it.As, however, CHD is a multifactorial disease for which the consumption of dairy fats or, more generally, saturated fats is not the sole risk factor, some irregularities are to be expected.Furthermore, the unavoidable in- accuracies in the statistical data emanating from various countries may be responsible for part of the scatter.In view of all this, the cor- relation shown in figure 4 is remarkably good (r= 0.75).The correlations alone, of course, can never establish causation.They can, however, and often do suggest hypotheses, which then can be tested by other methods.This has been in the case of the lipid hypothesis, which has evolved into a well-supported theory with im- portant clinical and public health implications.
The 'Nursing' in Nursing Homes-Reply
Authors: Robert L. Kane
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In Reply.  —Dr Manning makes two assertions, one correct and one incorrect. He correctly calls for a more active role for nurses in caring for nursing home patients, but he bases this suggestion on the assumption that nursing home patients are not sick and therefore that physicians have no legitimate role in their care. Nothing would be farther from the truth. Patients do not end up in nursing homes as part of their retirement plan. Although the precipitating reason for their admission may be more functional, most have several serious illnesses. Indeed, the actuarial calculations for acute health care costs under Medicare estimate that nursing home patients will have more than twice the average costs of typical Medicare patients. More important, good primary care can make a big difference. For example, many nursing home patients are overmedicated and suffer iatrogenic complications as a result. 1,2   Manning's call for a more
Tretinoin emollient cream for photodamaged skin: Results of 48-week, multicenter, double-blind studies
Authors: Elise A. Olsen, H.Irving Katz, Norman Levine, Thomas P. Nigra, Peter E. Pochi, Ronald C. Savin, Jerome Shupack, Gerald D. Weinstein, Laura Lufrano, Barbara H. Perry
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1997)
Effects of Thromboxane Synthesis Inhibitor Triflusal on Renal Hemodynamics in Microalbuminuric Diabetic Patients
Authors: Enric Esmatjes, Jesus I Conget, Joan Gaya, Maria R Fernandez, Jorge P Ferrer, Francisca Rivera, Enric Vilardell
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

Triflusal (2-acetoxy-4-trifluormethylbenzoic acid) is a platelet-antiaggregant drug that selectively inhibits thromboxane synthesis with little effect on prostacyclin production. In this study, we evaluated the effect of 5- day administration of 900 mg/day triflusal on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF), urinary albumin excretion (UAE), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-ketoprostaglandin F1α (PGF1α), and PGE2 in nine normotensive insulin-dependent diabetic patients with UAE between 30 and 103 fxg/min. Plasma TXB, and plasma renin activity (PRA) were also determined. After administration of triflusal, we observed a reduction in microalbuminuria (59 ± 25 vs. 33 ± 22 μg/min, P &amp;lt; 0.01), an increase in RPF (648 ± 119 vs. 722 ± 134 ml· min−1 · 1.73 m−2, P &amp;lt; 0.01), and a reduction in filtration fraction (0.24 ± 0.04 vs. 0.20 ± 0.03, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Triflusal produced a significant reduction in both plasma TXB2 (130 ± 39 vs. 52 ± 32 pg/ml, P &amp;lt; 0.02) and urine TXB2 (523 ± 249 vs. 312 ± 11 pg/min, P &amp;lt; 0.02), without changes in PRA and UAE of 6-keto-PGF1α and PGE2. Metabolic control and arterial blood pressure did not change during the study. These results suggest that platelet-antiaggregant therapy can reduce microalbuminuria in diabetic patients. This effect could be mediated by a reduction in the transglomerular hydraulic pressure through a vasodilation of efferent arterioles secondary to renal thromboxane synthesis inhibition.
NHS trusts in England agree 2015-16 tariff but face ongoing budget pressure
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Most NHS trusts have ended their stand-off with NHS England and Monitor over the tariff of national prices to be paid for services for 2015-16. But the “temporary” settlement still leaves deep seated problems in the payment system that threaten NHS stability, leading organisations have said.

Nearly 90% of all NHS providers (210 of 241 trusts) have accepted the enhanced tariff option for 2015-16 proposed by NHS England and the health regulator to enable them to formalise their financial plans. But the other 31 providers, mostly large teaching hospitals and specialist trusts, will stay with the prices that were set for 2014-15 until a new formal tariff for the coming year is established.

NHS Providers, which represents most NHS trusts, predicted that trusts’ deficits would keep rising and that risks to care of patients would remain without reform of the payment system. Chris Hopson, its chief executive, said, “This is a temporary solution to an increasingly difficult problem that genuinely threatens the structural integrity of the NHS.”

NHS England and Monitor issued their revised tariff …
Azathioprine in Ulcerative Colitis: Final Report on Controlled Therapeutic Trial
Authors: D. P. Jewell, S. C. Truelove
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Eighty patients, all of whom were suffering from a frank clinical attack of ulcerative colitis, were admitted to the trial. The attack was treated with a standard course of corticosteroids and the patients were immediately placed on treatment with either azathioprine in a dose of 2·5 mg/kg body weight or dummy tablets. The trial tablets were continued for one year while the patients were maintained under regular clinical, sigmoidoscopic, histological, haematological, and biochemical surveillance. If a patient relapsed during such maintenance treatment he or she was treated with a further course of corticosteroids without interrupting maintenance treatment. In the treatment of an actual attack of ulcerative colitis the results in the attacks which brought the 80 patients into the trial show that no benefit came from the addition of azathioprine to a standard course of corticosteroid therapy. Patients admitted in their first attack of ulcerative colitis showed no benefit from the one-year maintenance treatment with azathioprine, the benefits of which were confined to patients admitted in a relapse of established disease. Even in these the difference between the treated group and the control group failed to reach statistical significance, but the difference was big enough to suggest that there is a prima facie case for regarding azathioprine as of some benefit in this group of patients.
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
Authors: J. P. Christen
Journal: BMJ (1966)

<h3><i>Abstract</i></h3> Multi-scale agent-based models are increasingly used to simulate tumor growth dynamics. Simulating such complex systems is often a great challenge despite large computational power of modern computers and, thus, implementation techniques are becoming as important as the models themselves. Here we show, using a simple agent-based model of tumor growth, how the computational time required for simulation can be decreased by using vectorization techniques. In numerical examples we observed up to 30-fold increases in computation performance when standard approaches were, at least in part, replaced with vectorized routines in MATLAB.
Accounting for ACUITY
Authors: John A. Bittl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

The treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes is straightforward in principle but complex in practice. With the increase in referrals of moderate- or high-risk patients for invasive cardiac procedures to improve clinical outcomes,1 there is a need to define the antithrombotic regimen that is optimal for both stabilizing the underlying active atherosclerotic plaque and minimizing the risk of bleeding.The Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy (ACUITY) trial, reported in this issue of the Journal, 2 evaluated the role of a thrombin-specific anticoagulant — bivalirudin — as part of a blended medical and invasive strategy for patients with acute . . .
Poliomyelitis: A Second Attack
Authors: M. W. Alves, I. Pugh
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Global health research has typically focused on single diseases, and most economic evaluation research to date has analysed technical health interventions to identify ‘best buys’. New approaches in the conduct of economic evaluations are needed to help policymakers in choosing what may be good value (ie, greater health, distribution of health, or financial risk protection) for money (ie, per budget expenditure) investments for health system strengthening (HSS) that tend to be programmatic. We posit that these economic evaluations of HSS interventions will require developing new analytic models of health systems which recognise the dynamic connections between the different components of the health system, characterise the type and interlinks of the system’s delivery platforms; and acknowledge the multiple constraints both within and outside the health sector which limit the system’s capacity to efficiently attain its objectives. We describe priority health system modelling research areas to conduct economic evaluation of HSS interventions and ultimately identify good value for money investments in HSS.
Accurate classification of RCD requires flow cytometry
Authors: R L J van Wanrooij, M W J Schreurs, G Bouma, B M E von Blomberg, G J Tack, W H M Verbeek, C J J Mulder
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Nicotine and cannabis are two of the most commonly consumed licit and illicit drugs during pregnancy, often consumed together via e-cigarettes. Vaping is assumed to be a safer alternative than traditional routes of consumption, yet the potential consequences of prenatal e-cigarette exposure are largely unknown, particularly when these two drugs are co-consumed. In a novel co-exposure model, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received nicotine (36 mg/mL), THC (100 mg/mL), the combination, or the vehicle via e-cigarettes daily from gestational days 5-20, mimicking the first and second human trimesters. Maternal blood samples were collected throughout pregnancy to measure drug and metabolite levels, and core body temperatures before and after exposure were also measured. Pregnant dams exposed to combined nicotine and THC had lower plasma nicotine and cotinine levels than those exposed to nicotine alone; similarly, the combined exposure group also had lower plasma THC and THC metabolite (THC-OH and THC-COOH) levels than those exposed to THC alone. Prenatal nicotine exposure gradually decreased basal core body temperatures each day, with chronic exposure, whereas exposure to THC alone decreased temperatures during the individual sessions. Despite these physiological effects, no changes were observed in food or water intake, weight gain, or basic litter outcomes. These data suggest that combined exposure to nicotine and THC elicits both separate and interactive physiological effects of nicotine and THC on pregnant dams. These data and use of this model can help improve education for pregnant mothers about prenatal e-cigarette use and has important implications for public policy. <h3>HIGHLIGHTS</h3> Repeated prenatal nicotine exposure via e-cigarettes gradually decreased temperatures Prenatal THC exposure via e-cigarettes decreased temperatures during intoxication Combined prenatal exposure via e-cigarettes altered plasma drug and metabolite levels This co-exposure model elicits separate and interactive effects of nicotine and THC
1100 ATAXIN 2-BINDING PROTEIN 1 AS A NOVEL SUSCEPTIBLE GENE FOR PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS IN JAPANESE PATIENTS
Authors: S. Joshita, T. Umemura, S. Morita, A. Kamijo, M. Komatsu, T. Ichijo, A. Matsumoto, K. Yoshizawa, E. Tanaka, M. Ota
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
1166-213 Computed tomography guided evaluation of pulmonary vein anatomy following percutaneous cryoablation: 12-month results
Authors: David Szapiro, Benoit Ghaye, Carl Timmermans, Robert F Dondelinger, Hung-Fat Tse, Christoph Geller, Gregory Ayers, Luz-Maria Rodriguez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
New Expensive Treatments for Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Troyen Brennan, William Shrank
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Levamisole and surgery in bronchial carcinoma patients: increase in deaths from cardiorespiratory failure.
Authors: H M Anthony, A J Mearns, M K Mason, D G Scott, K Moghissi, P B Deverall, Z J Rozycki, D A Watson
Journal: Thorax (1979)

Life table analysis of early entry to this randomised blind trial of 318 patients has shown a significantly poorer survival for resected lung cancer patients treated with levamisole for three days before operation and three days a fortnight thereafter than for placebo-treated controls. This excess was largely due to deaths that had been attributed to operation or other causes (non-cancer deaths), most occurring in the six weeks after operation. In the 99 resected patients treated with levamisole there was a 15% excess of deaths in this category, compared with the placebo-treated controls. Extensive analysis excluded maldistribution of patients between the groups as a cause of this difference. Many more died in respiratory distress, mostly without clear cause, in the levamisole group. Antibody (lgG) reacting with myocardial sarcolemma or sarcoplasm was found in the only serum samples available for testing which were drawn from patients during the syndrome. The findings are in keeping with a primary effect on the heart, possibly involving an autoimmune mechanism. The effect has not been noted in other trials.
Colourful new use for a word
Authors: Ian Bickle
Journal: BMJ (2004)

weeks.The contamination of group B with stronger magnets prevented a more objective estimation of anyplacebo effect.However, our design seems in principle a feasible way to allow for placebo effects in future studies.We thank the Mid Devon general practices involved in the study and the research nurses.Mid Devon Primary Care Research Group provided support and advice throughout the study.Contributors: TH had the original idea
An Address on the Best Methods of Removing Large Calculi from the Bladder: Delivered before the Medical Society of London, October 26th, 1896
Authors: P. J. Freyer
Journal: BMJ (1896)

writers-and I say this because I speak from my own experi- ences.If you wish it I will go into your school at any time and speak to you in more detail about it, and endeavour to enrol you amongst our number.Believe me that you will never regret giving a little daily time to this work, for it will repay you twentyfold.And now I have only to say a word of congratulation to the
The Natural History of Cirrhosis
Authors: Arthur J. Garceau
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

A SUBSTANTIAL incidence of previous hepatitis has been reported in several small series1 2 3 of patients with postnecrotic and posthepatitic cirrhosis, and viral hepatitis is considered a not unusual precursor to this type of cirrhosis.4 5 6 The prognosis for patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis has generally been held to be less favorable than that for patients with Laennec's (fatty nutritional) cirrhosis. Whether pathologists are consistently able to distinguish among varieties of cirrhosis is a question that has not been examined since 1947.7 Certain pathological terms used in the classification of cirrhosis imply an etiology for which there may be no evidence in a . . .
Aspirin as a Risk Factor in Reye's Syndrome
Authors: Ronald J. Waldman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Fifty-six cases of Reye's syndrome (RS) in school-aged children were reported in Michigan during the winter of 1979-1980. The parents of 25 of these children were interviewed in the spring of 1980, as were controls matched to the cases for age, race, school grade, and nature of antecedent viral illness. Children with RS were more likely to have received medication containing aspirin during their viral illness than controls (24/25<i>v</i>34/46), even when the child's highest measured fever was added as a criterion for matching (14/14<i>v</i>14/19). During the winter of 1980-1981, a second study was undertaken to examine this observed difference more carefully. All 12 school-aged children with RS, and controls matched to the cases for race, school grade, nature of antecedent viral illness, and peak temperature, were interviewed as cases occurred. Again, the ill children had received aspirincontaining products more frequently (12/12<i>v</i>13/29). Although RS can occur in the absence of aspirin ingestion, our data indicate that aspirin taken during viral illness may contribute to the development of RS. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:3089-3094)
Controlled Trial of Interleukin-2 Infusions in Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Joseph A. Kovacs, Susan Vogel, Jeffrey M. Albert, Judith Falloon, Richard T. Davey, Robert E. Walker, Michael A. Polis, Katherine Spooner, Julia A. Metcalf, Michael Baseler, Gwendolyn Fyfe, H. Clifford Lane, Robin J. Dewar, Henry Masur
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Interleukin-2 is a cytokine that regulates the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes. In preliminary studies, intermittent infusions of interleukin-2 led to increases in CD4 counts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and more than 200 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter. We conducted a controlled study to evaluate the long-term effects of such therapy on both CD4 counts and the viral burden.