tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phir Milenge (We'll Meet Again)
Authors: Sanjay A Pai
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Directed by Revathy Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Although India is home to the largest film industry in the world, its “reel life” bears little resemblance to real life. The explanation given is that movies need only entertain, as the masses come to the cinema to forget their worries and dreary lives. Thus, plots are often hackneyed: the good poor guy defeats the rich bad guy, winning the damsel in distress in the process. Lately, however, we have begun to see movies that have dared to be different and original. Phir Milenge , directed by Revathy, an actress of repute now turned director, is one such film. It takes on the world of HIV and AIDS, a topic that directors have shied away from so far. Tamanna (played by Shilpa Shetty) is an advertising hotshot who discovers … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
High-dose compared with intermediate-dose methotrexate in children with a first relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Arend von Stackelberg, Reinhard Hartmann, Christoph Bührer, Rüdiger Fengler, Gritta Janka-Schaub, Alfred Reiter, Georg Mann, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Richard Ratei, Thomas Klingebiel, Jörg Ritter, Günter Henze
Journal: Blood (2007)
THE P22PHOX -930A/G POLYMORPHISM OF NADPH OXIDASE ADVERSELY AFFECTS PERIPHERAL AND CENTRAL PRESSURES IN HEALTHY NORMOTENSIVE INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Panagiotis Xaplanteris, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Katerina Baou, Carmen Vassiliadou, Ioanna Dima, Nikolaos Ioakeimidis, Nikolaos Alexopoulos, Dimitrios Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Mechanisms of Resistance to Intermittent Androgen Deprivation in Patients with Prostate Cancer Identified by a Novel Computational Method
Authors: Jason D. Morken, Aaron Packer, Rebecca A. Everett, John D. Nagy, Yang Kuang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

For progressive prostate cancer, intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) is one of the most common and effective treatments. Although this treatment is usually initially effective at regressing tumors, most patients eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), for which there is no effective treatment and is generally fatal. Although several biologic mechanisms leading to CRPC development and their relative frequencies have been identified, it is difficult to determine which mechanisms of resistance are developing in a given patient. Personalized therapy that identifies and targets specific mechanisms of resistance developing in individual patients is likely one of the most promising methods of future cancer therapy. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker for monitoring tumor progression. We incorporated a cell death rate (CDR) function into a previous dynamical PSA model that was highly accurate at fitting clinical PSA data for 7 patients. The mechanism of action of IAD is largely induction of apoptosis, and each mechanism of resistance varies in its CDR dynamics. Thus, we analyze the CDR levels and their time-dependent oscillations to identify mechanisms of resistance to IAD developing in individual patients.
Empyema Caused by Pasteurella septica
Authors: W. I. Horne, G. M. Berlyne
Journal: BMJ (1958)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA MBDICALJOURNALLarge haematomas are, of course, frequent after blunt trauma, and it is surprising that more arteriovenous fistulae do not develop.As stated above, a special anatomical situation must necessarily exist in which vessels rupture into a confined space.The open venous channel affords the line of least resistance for the blood under arterial pressure, rather than diffusion of the blood inta the tissues such as normally occurs.If the vascular shunt is maintained the channel will gradually become organized and lined with endothelium, and an arteriovenous fistula will have been established.
Use of asthma drugs is less among women pregnant with boys rather than girls
Authors: L Dodds, B A Armson, S Alexander
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Beecroft et al reported an intriguing association between the sex of the fetus and symptoms of asthma during pregnancy.1 They speculated that women pregnant with boys have improved asthma symptoms during pregnancy, possibly because of androgen production by male fetuses. We recently reported …
How did we get from there to here in the evolution of language?
Authors: Willem Zuidema, Bart de Boer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Jackendoff's scenario of the evolution of language is a major contribution towards a more rigorous theory of the origins of language, because it is theoretically constrained by a testable theory of modern language. However, the theoretical constraints from evolutionary theory are not really recognized in his work. We hope that Jackendoff's lead will be followed by intensive cooperation between linguistic theorists and evolutionary modellers.
T-PA and the Principles of Drug Approval
Authors: Jeffrey S. Borer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

The recent approval by the Food and Drug Administration of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for clot lysis and preservation of myocardial function in patients with acute myocardial infarction has highlighted the potential importance of thrombolytic therapy for such patients. The public debate preceding approval focused attention on the drug-approval process in the United States — an area poorly understood by the public and by many physicians as well.The path to drug approval is long, costly, and complex. When, after experimental and clinical studies, the manufacturer has accumulated information that it believes convincingly demonstrates a desired effect at an acceptable . . .
Surgical Professor for Three Eventful Decades
Authors: Francis D. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1990)

MY CLASS entered surgery as interns 51 years ago. The lives of our generation seem to have been more part of an era than of surgery alone. We witnessed the depression, world war, and then two "explosions," one that ushered in the atomic age and another, more gradual, that greatly expanded the scope and power of the biosciences in medicine and particularly in surgery. These two explosions in knowledge were to become very much part of my own life, both because of my early work with radioactive and stable isotopes, a direct outgrowth of nuclear research, and because of the advent of modern metabolic care, tissue transplantation, cardiac surgery, and safe convalescence throughout a hugely broadened surgical capability. These medical advances, in which many surgery departments played a role, including my own at Harvard Medical School, have shaped surgical practice during the last half of this century. When I entered
Potential and Toxicity of Intravesical Pemetrexed: a Preclinical Study in Pigs
Authors: Kees Hendricksen, Paula M.J. Moonen, Antoine G. van der Heijden, Janneke Molkenboer-Kuenen, Christina A. Hulsbergen-van de Kaa, J. Alfred Witjes
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: In search for a new drug for intravesical use in superficial urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder, a pig model is used for pharmacokinetics and toxicity measurements after intravesically administered pemetrexed. Experimental Design: In the dose escalation phase, two groups of two pigs received 5 and 10 mg/kg pemetrexed intravesically; four groups of three pigs received 15, 20, 25, and 30 mg/kg, respectively. The well-being of the animals was monitored. Blood was studied for pharmacokinetic analysis and signs of myelosuppression. Posttreatment urine samples were collected to measure the concentration of pemetrexed after instillation. Twenty-four hours posttreatment, the animals were cystectomized and sacrificed. Histopathologic examination of the bladder wall was done. In the second study phase, five pigs were instilled weekly with the maximum tested dose for 6 weeks. The same methods were applied. Results: All doses (5-30 mg/kg) in the first study phase were well tolerated, enabling the use of 30 mg/kg in the second study phase. In both study phases, the pigs' well-being was not influenced. Full blood counts showed no sign of myelosuppression. Systemic absorption was not observed. Urine pemetrexed concentrations remained almost unchanged. Histopathologic examination of the bladder wall did not reveal significant abnormalities. Bladder mucosa remained intact at any time, without hemorrhage. Conclusions: Intravesically administered pemetrexed in pigs is well tolerated, not absorbed systemically, and causes no bladder wall toxicity.
Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors in the living heart characterized by positron emission tomography.
Authors: P Charbonneau, A Syrota, C Crouzel, J M Valois, C Prenant, M Crouzel
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The presence of specific benzodiazepine binding sites in the hearts of dogs and human beings was demonstrated in vivo by a noninvasive method, positron emission tomography (PET). An antagonist of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding site, PK 11195, was labeled with carbon-11, a short-lived positron emitter. When injected at high specific activity, 11C-PK 11195 was concentrated in the myocardium. As increasing amounts of unlabeled PK 11195 were added to the radioactive ligand, the myocardial ligand concentration was proportional to myocardial regional perfusion up to quantities of 40 nmol/kg body weight. Above 40 nmol/kg the ligand concentration reached a maximum value (6000 pmol/cm3), which could be considered as the total number of binding sites per unit heart volume. The specificity of 11C-PK 11195 binding to canine heart was demonstrated from a study on the inhibition of binding for radioligand by an excess of several agonists or antagonists of benzodiazepine receptor. The distribution and specificity of 11C-PK 11195 was similar in dogs and in human beings. PET thus opens the way to the investigation of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor in a clinical situation, since it has recently been shown that this receptor could be coupled to the calcium channel in the heart.
Tobacco use in prisons
Authors: C. Ritter
Journal: BMJ (2014)

None is best, but complete bans are not the answer

Tobacco use in prisons is a long neglected public health problem. Until recently, a permissive attitude regarding its use prevailed. But this has changed over the past two decades. Either partial bans (where smoking is permissible in designated areas) or complete bans have been introduced in prisons in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.

These changes have had a substantial impact on health, as shown by Binswanger and colleagues’ linked cross sectional survey of all state prisons in the US.1

Tobacco-free indoor bans introduced between 2001 and 2011 were associated with a fall in mortality attributable to smoking (cardiovascular and pulmonary deaths) in prisoners. Cancer mortality fell when bans exceeded nine years. Overall, the lowest crude smoking related mortality was seen in states with the most restrictive bans.

The few earlier studies in this area described the high prevalence of tobacco use among prisoners, the types of …
Topical Tretinoin for Photoaged Skin
Authors: N. D. Kanigsberg
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I am writing regarding the article in the Jan 22/29 issue of<i>JAMA</i>by Weiss et al.<sup>1</sup>I enjoyed reading this thought-provoking article on the reversing of aging and sun-damaged skin; however, I found it to be lacking in several areas. As the authors readily admit, this was not a double-blind study because of the irritation and erythema produced by the test compound. Second, it is difficult to understand how the grading of each parameter was determined. What is the difference between "mild," "moderate," "moderately severe," and "severe"? The authors did not discuss how the pinkness affects their evaluation of the different types of wrinkling. It is conceivable that excessive erythema could mask fine wrinkling. Furthermore, I wonder how the authors were capable of evaluating clinical edema of the skin accurately. I suspect that minimal dermal edema of the skin would not be obvious even histopathologically.
Astrocyte growth is regulated by neuropeptides through Tis 8 and basic fibroblast growth factor.
Authors: R M Hu, E R Levin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The important intracellular mechanisms of astrocyte growth are not well defined. Using an inhibitor of astrocyte proliferation, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and the glial mitogen endothelin (ET-3), we sought a common pathway for growth regulation in these neural cells. In cultured fetal rat diencephalic astrocytes, ANP selectively and rapidly inhibited the Tis 8 immediate early gene and protein. After 4 h, ANP selectively inhibited the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene and protein. ET-3 significantly stimulated both Tis 8 and bFGF mRNAs and protein, but also stimulated several other immediate early and growth factor/receptor genes. An antisense oligonucleotide to Tis 8 strongly prevented ET-stimulated thymidine incorporation, while the inhibitory action of ANP was enhanced. The Tis 8 antisense oligonucleotide also significantly reversed ET-stimulated bFGF transcription and enhanced the bFGF inhibition caused by ANP. In addition, an antisense oligonucleotide to bFGF significantly reversed the ET-stimulated thymidine incorporation and enhanced the ANP inhibition of DNA synthesis. The sequential modulation of Tis 8, followed by bFGF, provides a novel mechanism for both positive and negative regulation of astrocyte growth by endogenous neuropeptides.
ERK5 Is a Critical Mediator of Inflammation-Driven Cancer
Authors: Katherine G. Finegan, Diana Perez-Madrigal, James R. Hitchin, Clare C. Davies, Allan M. Jordan, Cathy Tournier
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of many cancers, yet the pathogenic mechanisms that distinguish cancer-associated inflammation from benign persistent inflammation are still mainly unclear. Here, we report that the protein kinase ERK5 controls the expression of a specific subset of inflammatory mediators in the mouse epidermis, which triggers the recruitment of inflammatory cells needed to support skin carcinogenesis. Accordingly, inactivation of ERK5 in keratinocytes prevents inflammation-driven tumorigenesis in this model. In addition, we found that anti-ERK5 therapy cooperates synergistically with existing antimitotic regimens, enabling efficacy of subtherapeutic doses. Collectively, our findings identified ERK5 as a mediator of cancer-associated inflammation in the setting of epidermal carcinogenesis. Considering that ERK5 is expressed in almost all tumor types, our findings suggest that targeting tumor-associated inflammation via anti-ERK5 therapy may have broad implications for the treatment of human tumors.
Pneumonia research to reduce childhood mortality in the developing world
Authors: J. Anthony G. Scott, W. Abdullah Brooks, J.S. Malik Peiris, Douglas Holtzman, E. Kim Mulhollan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Pneumonia is an illness, usually caused by infection, in which the lungs become inflamed and congested, reducing oxygen exchange and leading to cough and breathlessness. It affects individuals of all ages but occurs most frequently in children and the elderly. Among children, pneumonia is the most common cause of death worldwide. Historically, in developed countries, deaths from pneumonia have been reduced by improvements in living conditions, air quality, and nutrition. In the developing world today, many deaths from pneumonia are also preventable by immunization or access to simple, effective treatments. However, as we highlight here, there are critical gaps in our understanding of the epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology of pneumonia that, if filled, could accelerate the control of pneumonia and reduce early childhood mortality.
Non-invasive diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A critical appraisal
Authors: Mariana V. Machado, Helena Cortez-Pinto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects one in every three subjects in the occidental world. The vast majority will not progress, but a relevant minority will develop liver cirrhosis and its complications. The classical gold standard for diagnosing and staging NAFLD and assessing fibrosis is liver biopsy (LB). However, it has important sample error issues and subjectivity in the interpretation, apart from a small but real risk of complications. The decision to perform an LB is even harder in a condition so prevalent such as NAFLD, in which the probability of finding severe liver injury is low. In an attempt to overcome LB and to subcategorize patients with NAFLD in different prognoses allowing better management decisions, several non-invasive methods have been studied in the last decade. The literature is vast and confusing. This review will summarize which methods have been tested and how they perform, which tests are adequate for clinical practice and how they can change the management of these patients.
Management of medical research. Change requires a rational approach.
Authors: D H Williamson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

research team leaders) are widely appreciated.Any self respecting piece of writing on social science would have begun by repeating that distinction.Instead, the ambiguity is concealed to suggest conffict.There are genuine and challenging problems in the management of research units, but the authors do not mention these at all.In both of the senses of management, both in units and in the section that serves the four review boards at the MRC's head office, the question is being continually asked: How can we do it even better?A representative, authoritative, and analytical study of research management functions would have been helpful.Instead we are given a "blackwash" job-a waste of an opportunity and of ink.Even if the interview data summarised in the article were unquestionable it is not clear that the opinions reported, or the schemes of various management styles depicted, relate at all closely to the findings or to the realities of the management style in the MRC.I certainly do not recognise the descriptions offered.At my unit we have found no difficulty in engaging people's differing styles in our liaison with the head office, and I do not think that the MRC has a single pervasive management style in the sense claimed in the article.It is ironic that Gillett and Harrow advocate more of a purchaser-provider split in research funding.As funding agencies, and hence purchasers, the research councils have always kept their research providers at arm's length via boards and grants committees, on which government departments and experts outside the organisation are predominantly represented-a longstanding instance of a purchaser-provider split.In the MRC
Modification of endothelial function, serum levels of adhesion molecules, and lipid hydroperoxides by antioxidant treatment with vitamins C and E in chronic smokers
Authors: Charalambos Antoniades, Dimitris Tousoulis, Carmen Vassiliadou, Marina Toutouza, Costas Tentolouris, Kyriakoula Marinou, Constantinos Toutouzas, Christos Pitsavos, Pavlos Toutouzas, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Abstract 2186: Function and regulation of Polo-like Kinase 3 in human pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhongkui Li, Zhe Chang, Paul J. Chiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Despite the recent advances in pancreatic cancer research, patients with this devastating disease still have a poor prognosis. Therefore, deciphering pancreatic cancer-related gene expression and defining the individual gene's specific functions will make a significant impact on the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Recently, our lab has demonstrated the tumorigenic transformation in an immortalized pancreatic cell line, HPNE/hTERT by sequential introduction of multiple genetic alterations. We found that Polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) is significantly down-regulated in transformed tumor cell lines. Plk3 belongs to the Polo-like kinase family and is a multi-functional kinase. We previously reported that Plk3 played a pro-apoptotic role in pancreatic cancer lines when it was overexpressed. Plk3 down-regulation in transformed HPNE cells suggests that Plk3 may have tumor suppression function during pancreatic tumor development. In addition, we found Plk3 expression is regulated by Pten. In Pten-knockout MEF cells, Plk3 expression was significantly down-regulated. So Plk3 may be downstream of Pten in the tumor suppression pathway. These data suggest that Plk3 play an important role in pancreatic cancer development. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2186. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2186
The rapid anastomosis between prevascularized networks on silk fibroin scaffolds generated in vitro with cocultures of human microvascular endothelial and osteoblast cells and the host vasculature
Authors: Ronald E. Unger, Shahram Ghanaati, Carina Orth, Anne Sartoris, Mike Barbeck, Sven Halstenberg, Antonella Motta, Claudio Migliaresi, C. James Kirkpatrick
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
AN ANTISEPTIC TABLET FOR NASAL WASH.
Authors: JOHN EDWIN RHODES
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The necessity of a cleansing and an antiseptic wash for the nasal cavities is indicated in a variety of conditions. In cases of simple chronic catarrhal inflammation in which there is an excess of mucus which gathers and forms crusts in the cavities, often due to a slight nasal obstruction and accompanied with an unpleasant "catarrhal odor," the indications for treatment are often chiefly fulfilled by some antiseptic wash which will effectually dislodge the secretions and counteract the odor. In another class of cases instead of obstruction, we find an enlarged passage, atrophy of the membrane, and sometimes of the turbinated bones. Here even an exaggerated expiratory blast of air is inefficient in dislodging the secretion. This rapidly dries upon the surface of fine membrane, decomposes and causes pathologic changes in the tissues, and the patient gives as one of the most distressing features of the condition the bad odor
Lipomatous Hypertrophy of Interatrial Septum Combined With Thrombus in the Region of Terminal Crest of the Myocardium
Authors: Tomasz Bochenek, Krystian Wita, Barbara Paraniak, Romuald Wojnicz, Marek Konopka, Maria Trusz-Gluza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
The Risk of Thromboembolism and Need for Oral Anticoagulation After Successful Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Sakis Themistoclakis, Andrea Corrado, Francis E. Marchlinski, Pierre Jais, Erica Zado, Antonio Rossillo, Luigi Di Biase, Robert A. Schweikert, Walid I. Saliba, Rodney Horton, Prasant Mohanty, Dimpi Patel, David J. Burkhardt, Oussama M. Wazni, Aldo Bonso, David J. Callans, Michel Haissaguerre, Antonio Raviele, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Oh what tangled webs we weave…
Authors: V.K. Viswanathan
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

A wide range of molecules in plants and animals have the capacity to form net-like structures to trap pathogens. In concert with antimicrobial compounds, these aggregates can become efficient killing machines. In other instances, as with the intracellular septins, such structures may constrain pathogenic organisms and direct them to an autophagic tryst with deadly lysosomes. Most curiously, a meshwork of proteins in the mosquito gut appears to protect luminal bacteria from immune cells. Several recent studies delve into the intricacies of net formation and its role in microbial containment.