tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tacrolimus Ointment, Alcohol, and Facial Flushing
Authors: Jann Lübbe, Maria Milingou
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A 56-year-old patient was treated with 0.1 percent tacrolimus ointment because of rosacea that had been aggravated by prolonged use of topical corticosteroids. After two weeks of treatment, she had an unprecedented episode of facial flushing during an evening reception where alcoholic beverages were served. The patient agreed to undergo a test to see whether the reaction could be reproduced in a clinical setting. After one week of twice-daily application of 0.5 g of 0.1 percent tacrolimus ointment on the face, she ingested 0.05 liter of white wine. The images show the patient before exposure to alcohol (Panel A) and . . .
Overexpression of cyclooxygenase‐2 in multiple myeloma: Association with reduced survival
Authors: Mustafa Cetin, Suleyman Buyukberber, Muzaffer Demir, Ismail Sari, Ibrahim Sari, Kemal Deniz, Bulent Eser, Fevzi Altuntas, Celalettin Camcı, Ahmet Öztürk, Burhan Turgut, Özden Vural, Ali Unal
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Cyclooxygenases (COX) are key enzymes in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Several studies have shown a relation between angiogenesis and COX-2 expression. Elevated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), however, has not been reported in multiple myeloma (MM) in the literature. The aim of this study is to investigate COX-2 expression in MM as well as its correlation with prognostic factors and estimated survival rates. Immunohistochemical staining of the paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsy tissues (n = 51) was performed using isoform-specific COX-2 polyclonal antisera (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA). Results were correlated with recognized clinical parameters, which were retrospectively obtained from patients' files. There were 15, 19, and 17 bone marrow biopsy specimens with negative, weak-moderate, and strong COX-2 immunostaining, respectively. According to univariate analysis, beta2-microglobulin, age, stage, COX-2 expression, and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels were significant prognostic factors for survival in patients with multiple myeloma. COX-2 expression, age, and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels (greater than 1x normal level) were significant prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier overall survival estimate of those patients with negative or weak-moderate COX-2 immunoreactivity in myeloma cells was significantly better than that of patients with strong COX-2 immunoreactivity (log-rank chi(2) = 21,43, P < 0.001). COX-2 overexpression was associated with reduced estimated survival. Poor prognostic factors such as LDH, age, and beta2-microglobulin were also correlated with COX-2 expression. Potent, specific COX-2 inhibitors showing evident antiangiogenic and antitumor effects on cancers could provide new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of MM.
Low sodium diets can be both nutritious and low cost
Authors: N. Wilson, N. Nghiem
Journal: BMJ (2012)

More than a grain of salt is needed when considering the arguments of the Salt Institute and its spokespeople.1 We disagree with the claim that: “anyone who follows the 2010 dietary guidelines for sodium will end up with a highly unbalanced and nutritionally inadequate diet.”1 The cited study actually reported …
Where shall John go? France.
Authors: M R Stephens
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Medicine is an almost unique profession because doctors can find employment fairly easily in other countries. Those of us who have sought a change from the National Health Service have presumably done so for many different reasons. Most of the annual exodus of British graduates will be seeking employ ment in English-speaking countries. It is now, however, becom ing clear that such countries are nearing self-sufficiency in medical manpower and for this reason it will certainly be more difficult to gain entrance in the years to come. As a member of the Common Market we shall presumably benefit from an easing in the regulations governing the exchange of doctors between member countries. Until now, most doctors looking to France as a change have been thinking in terms of a short period of work in a good hospital offering some particular experience. As a senior registrar, I was given the opportunity of spending a year abroad and I chose France, believing that this would offer a complete change both medically and socially.
Bone Mineral Density and Risk of Breast Cancer in Older Women
Authors: Jane A. Cauley
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To test the hypothesis that bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with the risk of developing breast cancer in older women. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective cohort study with mean (SD) follow-up of 3.2 (1.6) years. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Four clinical centers, one each located in the following areas: Baltimore, Md; Minneapolis, Minn; Portland, Ore; and the Monongahela Valley in Pennsylvania. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 6854 nonblack women who were 65 years of age or older and enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. <h3>Measurements.</h3> —Radius and calcaneus BMD by single photon absorptiometry at baseline; hip and spine BMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry 2 years later. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Breast cancer confirmed by medical record review. <h3>Results.</h3> —A total of 97 women developed breast cancer. In the multivariate model, adjusting for age, the degree of obesity, and other important covariates, the risk of breast cancer was about 30% to 50% higher per 1 SD increase in BMD (relative risk, distal radius BMD=1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.95). The age-adjusted incidence rate of breast cancer per 1000 person-years among women in the lowest quartile of distal radius BMD was 2.46, compared with 5.99 among women with the highest BMD. Women with BMD above the 25th percentile were at 2.0 to 2.5 times increased risk of breast cancer compared with women below the 25th percentile. Results were consistent across all BMD sites. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Bone mineral density predicts the risk of breast cancer in older women. The magnitude of the association is similar to that observed between BMD and all fractures. Our findings suggest a link between 2 of the most common conditions affecting a woman's health. Identifying a common denominator for these conditions should substantially improve our understanding of their etiology and prevention.
Definition of Death
Authors: ALEXANDER M. CAPRON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1981Definition of DeathALEXANDER M. CAPRON, LL.B., JOANNE LYNN, M.D.ALEXANDER M. CAPRON, LL.B.Search for more papers by this author, JOANNE LYNN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-2-236_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Bernat and associates (1) have done a great service in reminding the medical profession of the need to update the law on the standards for determining death (1). We agree, as stated both personally (2, 3) and in a draft report on "Denning Death" approved last November by the President's Commission, with what we take to be their four major points: First, that death occurs only on the irreversible cessation of the integrated functioning of the organism as a whole; second, that such cessation does not occur merely with the loss of neocortical functions when other functions...References1. BERNATCULVERGERT JCB. On the definition and criterion of death. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:389-94. LinkGoogle Scholar2. CAPRONKASS AL. A statutory definition of the standards for determining human death: an appraisal and a proposal. Univ Penn Law Rev. 1972;121:87-118. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. CAPRON A. Legal definition of death. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1978;315:349-59. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. . Criteria for the Determination of Death. Law Reform Commission of Canada; Ottawa: 1981. (Report No. 15). Google Scholar1. BERNATCULVERGERT JCB. On the definition and criterion of death. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:389-94. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research Washington, DC 20006 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDefinition of DeathJAMES L. BERNAT, M.D., CHARLES M. CULVER, M.D., PH.D., BERNARD GERT, PH.D. 1 August 1981Volume 95, Issue 2Page: 236-237 Issue Published: 1 August 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Measles and vaccine protection
Authors: L J Fish, P B Stones
Journal: BMJ (1979)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Describe six patients with severe neuropathic pain syndromes with significant benefits on lacosamide therapy. <h3>Background:</h3> Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a rare, debilitating pain syndrome. It is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) however most cases are idiopathic. MS has many other associated pain syndromes including dystonic spams. Treatment includes antiepileptic drugs (AEDs); carbamazepine is the most common due to efficacy. However, not all patients respond and side effects limit some patients. Lacosamide is an AED, typically well tolerated, that works by enhancing the slow inactivation of sodium channels inhibiting repetitive firing of nerves. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> Observational review of patient experience with lacosamide therapy. <h3>Results:</h3> Identical female twins with idiopathic TN. Both required high doses of carbamazepine causing significant fatigue. Gabapentin was also prescribed, but severe daily pain from TN continued. Lacosamide, 75mg twice a day, showed near immediate decreased pain and ability to decrease other medications. MS patient with severe dystonic spasms on right arm and leg, and severe right face and arm pain. Not responsive to carbamazepine, gabapentin, or high doses of baclofen. The face pain improved significantly with lacosamide 100mg twice a day, but painful spasms continued. An increase to 150mg twice a day resolved the face pain, but no change in spasms. She developed urinary retention on 150mg dose. Two patients with neuromyelitis optica with intermittent daily dystonic spasms previously partially controlled on carbamazepine, one limited in dosing due to hyponatremia and the other limited due to dizziness. Trial of lacosamide with near resolution of painful dystonic spasms. Patient with stiff person syndrome with severe axial rigidity and pain. A trial of lacosamide significantly reduced rigidity. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Neuropathic pain syndromes, including TN, can be difficult to manage and many require trial of multiple AEDs. Lacosamide may be a safe and effective second or third line treatment for TN and other neuropathic pain syndromes. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Belliston has nothing to disclose.
Gestational diabetes: panelists set guidelines for detection, control
Authors: Terra Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Screening Kjcreening pregnant women for gestational diabetes at 24 to 28 weeks gestation has become routine obstetrical practice worldwide since the First International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes in 1979. Defined as "carbohydrate intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy," this condition appears in 2% to 3% of all pregnant women in the United States. Since that 1979 meeting, however, knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has greatly increased, says Norbert Freinkel, MD, Kettering Professor of Medicine at Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago and director of Northwestern's Diabetes in Pregnancy Center. Among the most important findings, he adds, is the establishment of gestational diabetes as a phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneous condition and the demonstration of the palpable impact this maternal condition has "on the immediate and long-range fate of the offspring." The 1979 meeting had established the augury that gestational diabetes had "for permanent diabetes mellitus in the mother,"
Continuing Medical Education in the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics
Authors: Felix Vartanian
Journal: JAMA (1987)

CONTINUING medical education (CME) in the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is comprehensive and systematic, perhaps uniquely so. This article offers a very broad review of the philosophy and approaches that formed the basis of the national health care services, its main operating principles, its implementation strategies, and its educational planning and effectiveness. <h3>Inception</h3> The first successful effort to establish a prototype of CME was the institute for postgraduate training of physicians in Leningrad (formerly St Petersburg), founded some 100 years ago. However, it was not until the Soviet government came into power that government legislation on CME was introduced. The Special Act on the Scientific Mission of Physicians of 1927 ensured that physicians undergoing postgraduate training continue receiving their salaries for the entire period of training. In 1934, the Government Act on Medical Training became the first state decree to establish a uniform system of postgraduate medical
Coexisting Heart Disease, Sclerema Neonatorum, and Possible Protozoan Infection
Authors: James C. Stinson
Journal: JAMA (1962)

IN 1955, Barr reported the first case of interstitial plasmacellular pneumonia to be described outside of the European continent. Barr considered this condition to be of protozoan origin, and he based his opinion on the work of Vanek and Jirovec. Since Barr's paper was published, several instances of this disease have been reported in the American literature.  Report of a Case  From the histologie characteristics, the infant in our case apparently had a protozoan disease. The disease, rather than being localized to the lungs, was generalized, and sclerema neonatorum and congenital heart disease were associated. Congenital anomalies have been described in association with this disease; however, a coexisting sclerema neonatorum has not been mentioned.   Clinical History .—After an apparently normal and spontaneous birth, a premature boy was placed in an incubator. The period of gestation was estimated to be 40 weeks. At the time of birth, the baby weighed 4 lb.
PYODERMIA CHANCRIFORMIS FACIEI.
Authors: W. FRAIN-BELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1957)

Journal Article PYODERMIA CHANCRIFORMIS FACIEI. Get access W. FRAIN‐BELL, M.D., M.E.C.P.(Ed.) W. FRAIN‐BELL, M.D., M.E.C.P.(Ed.) Senior Registrar, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 69, Issue 1, 1 January 1957, Pages 19–24, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1957.tb13764.x Published: 01 January 1957
A study of hypoallergenic diets and oral sodium cromoglycate in the management of atopic eczema
Authors: PAMELA GRAHAM, S.P. HALL-SMITH, J.M. HARRIS, MARGARET L. PRICE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Twenty-nine atopic children aged 3–12 years were given elimination diets for 3 weeks, individual groups of foods being then reintroduced over 6 weeks. Most children improved whilst dieting and relapsed on return to normal food intake. In all but 4 cases some food group which caused exacerbation of symptoms was identified, fruits and colourings proving more of a problem than milk and eggs. Taking into account these suspected food allergens, tailored diets were designed for each child. Using these diets the group participated in a double-blind crossover trial of oral sodium cromoglycate (SCG) versus placebo. Twenty-two patients completed the trial. The results indicated that tailored diets were of value in the management of eczema but SCG did not produce a significant additional effect. At follow-up 1 year later most children were adhering to their diet; thirteen were better and only three worse. Children who had initially continued using SCG had stopped it; no accompanying change in their eczema was noticed. A considerable reduction in the use of topical steroids was observed, in marked contrast to previous requirements. Sequential measurements of total serum IgE (PRIST) showed variable changes apparently unrelated to recent SCG therapy. There was little agreement between skin prick tests and specific IgE (RAST) to corresponding foods. Correlation between RAST and food challenge was poor for positive results (r= 0·39) but good for negative results (r= 0·99).
Abstract 4026: Suppression of carcinogenic phenotypes by DSG3 silencing occurs via a plakoglobin-mediated signaling pathway
Authors: Yin-Ju Chen, Ching-Chi Chiu, Ann-Joy Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract DSG3 has been reported to act as an oncogene in head and neck cancers (HNCs), but the underlying mechanism of its oncogenic activity is unclear. In this study, we aimed to validate the proposed oncogenic function of DSG3 and investigate its downstream regulatory mechanisms. When we stably transfected HNC cells with a short hairpin DSG3-RNAi (shDSG3) to suppress DSG3 expression, reductions in cell growth (70%) and colony formation (&amp;gt;90%) were observed, in addition to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Both cell migration and invasion abilities were also decreased, to 10% and 16%, respectively, after one day. Because DSG3 is associated with plakoglobin in desmosomes, we examined whether or not the phenotypic alterations that occur following DSG3 knockdown were mediated through the plakoglobin signaling pathway. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent staining analyses revealed that DSG3 knockdown disrupted the interaction of DSG3 with plakoglobin and induced the translocation of plakoglobin from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Using a luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis, we found that DSG3 knockdown significantly reduced TCF/LEF transcriptional activity and subsequently suppressed the expression of the downstream target genes of the TCF/LEF transcription factors, including c-myc, cyclin D1, and MMP7, which are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and invasion. An in vivo xenograft study showed that knockdown DSG3 expression significantly inhibited tumor growth for 2 months in BALB/C nude mice and also reduces c-myc, cyclin D1 and MMP7 expression. In conclusion, we found that DSG3 has an oncogenic function in HNC. The suppression of DSG3 expression can interfere with the plakoglobin-mediated signaling pathway, subsequently leading to a reduction of pathogenicity in HNC cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4026.
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Ascending Aortic Stenosis Mice
Authors: Bo Ding, Robert L. Price, Edie C. Goldsmith, Thomas K. Borg, Xinhua Yan, Pamela S. Douglas, Ellen O. Weinberg, Jozef Bartunek, Thomas Thielen, Vladimir V. Didenko, Beverly H. Lorell
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —To determine potential mechanisms of the transition from hypertrophy to very early failure, we examined apoptosis in a model of ascending aortic stenosis (AS) in male FVB/n mice. Methods and Results —Compared with age-matched controls, 4-week and 7-week AS animals (n=12 to 16 per group) had increased ratios of left ventricular weight to body weight (4.7±0.7 versus 3.1±0.2 and 5.7±0.4 versus 2.7±0.1 mg/g, respectively, P &lt;0.05) with similar body weights. Myocyte width was also increased in 4-week and 7-week AS mice compared with controls (19.0±0.8 and 25.2±1.8 versus 14.1±0.5 μm, respectively, P &lt;0.01). By 7 weeks, AS myocytes displayed branching with distinct differences in intercalated disk size and staining for β 1 -integrin on both cell surface and adjacent extracellular matrix. In vivo left ventricular systolic developed pressure per gram as well as endocardial fractional shortening were similar in 4-week AS and controls but depressed in 7-week AS mice. Myocyte apoptosis estimated by in situ nick end-labeling (TUNEL) was extremely rare in 4-week AS and control mice; however, a low prevalence of TUNEL-positive myocytes and DNA laddering were detected in 7-week AS mice. The specificity of TUNEL labeling was confirmed by in situ ligation of hairpin oligonucleotides. Conclusions —Our findings indicate that myocyte apoptosis develops during the transition from hypertrophy to early failure in mice with chronic biomechanical stress and support the hypothesis that the disruption of normal myocyte anchorage to adjacent extracellular matrix and cells, a process called anoikis, may signal apoptosis.
Asthma Control: Associations with Patient Characteristics, Severity, Exacerbations, Quality of Life and Feno at an Specialized Outpatient Clinic
Authors: J.A. Fonseca, L. Fernandes, A. Costa-pereira, L. Delgado, S. Martins, A. Moreira, M. Vaz, M. Castel-Branco
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Should India launch a national immunisation programme against rotavirus? Yes
Authors: J. Rose, U. D. Parashar
Journal: BMJ (2012)

India is considering including rotavirus vaccine in its national childhood immunisation programme. <b>Johnie Rose</b> and <b>Umesh Parashar</b> support the move, but <b>Jacob Puliyel</b> and <b>Joseph Mathew</b> (doi:10.1136/bmj.e7832) question the evidence used to support vaccination
Primary Pericardial Tumor
Authors: Vincent F. Miscia
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  Recently we reported, inThe Journal(230:722, 1974), a case of primary pericardial tumor masquerading as constrictive pericarditis. Since there has been a lot of interest concerning the histologic diagnosis of this pericardial tumor, we thought it might be of interest to indicate that this was a primary mesothelioma of the pericardium (Figure).
The Challenge of Balancing Scientific Discovery and Translation
Authors: Robert O. Bonow
Journal: Circulation (2003)

marked the 75th Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association (AHA), a milestone that permits us to contemplate the remarkably rich heritage of the Association's scientific meetings.The first Scientific Sessions were organized by a small group of visionary physicians at Haddon Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, on the afternoon of May 26, 1925 (Figure 1).The fledgling AHA was less than a year old.Presiding over the sessions were the Association's four officers: Lewis A. Conner, Robert Halsey, James B. Herrick, and Paul Dudley White.Each played major roles in the founding of the AHA, and each served a term as its President.Little did they anticipate that their meeting of a few hundred people would grow to become -as it has over the past several decades -the world's preeminent meeting for cardiovascular science.The scientific and public health challenges facing the Association in its first decade were formidable, as reflected in the first edition of Dr White's 1931 textbook, Heart Disease. 1 Scientific DiscoveryFirst and most obvious, funding for research must increase.