tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Dog Bite Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments
Authors: Harold B. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Dog bites that result in injuries occur frequently, but how frequently dog bite injuries necessitate medical attention at a hospital or hospital admission is unknown.To describe the incidence and characteristics of dog bite injuries treated in US emergency departments (EDs).Emergency department survey from the National Center for Health Statistics National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey for 1992 to 1994.National probability sample of patients visiting EDs.Incidence of dog bites treated in EDs, defined as a cause of injury recorded as the E-code E906.0.The 3-year annualized, adjusted, and weighted estimate of new dog bite-related injury visits to US EDs was 333687, a rate of 12.9 per 10000 persons (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.5-15.4). This represents approximately 914 new dog bite injuries requiring ED visits per day. The median age of patients bitten was 15 years, with children, especially boys aged 5 to 9 years, having the highest incidence rate (60.7 per 10000 persons for boys aged 5 to 9 years). Children seen in EDs were more likely than older persons to be bitten on the face, neck, and head (73% vs 30%). We estimated that for each US dog bite fatality there are about 670 hospitalizations and 16000 ED visits.Dog bite injuries are an important source of injury in the US population, especially among children. Improved surveillance and prevention of dog bite-related injuries, particularly among children, are needed.
Capture of Tumor Cell Membranes by Trogocytosis Facilitates Detection and Isolation of Tumor-Specific Functional CTLs
Authors: Arthur Machlenkin, Ronny Uzana, Shoshana Frankenburg, Galit Eisenberg, Lea Eisenbach, Jacob Pitcovski, Raphael Gorodetsky, Aviram Nissan, Tamar Peretz, Michal Lotem
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract The success of adoptive cell transfer in the treatment of metastatic cancer in humans is dependent on the selection of highly active tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells. We report here that CTLs capture membrane fragments from their targets while exerting cytotoxic activity and thus gain a detectable functional signature by which they can be identified. Fluorochrome labeling or biotinylation was used to tag tumor cells. CD8+ T cells were coincubated with the tagged targets, sorted, and functionally evaluated. Our results show that membrane capture by CD8+ lymphocytes is T-cell receptor dependent, epitope specific, and preferentially associated with highly cytotoxic clonal subsets. CTLs that captured membranes from unmodified melanoma exhibited enhanced cytotoxic activity against tumor cell lines and autologous melanoma. In a human melanoma in vivo model, adoptive transfer of membrane-capturing, peptide-specific T cells, but not noncapturing or bulk CD8+ T cells, inhibits tumor progression. Membrane capture is therefore a signature of antigen-specific CTLs endowed with high functional avidity and may have direct relevance in the clinical application of adoptive immunotherapy. [Cancer Res 2008;68(6):2006–13]
Recurrence after surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.
Authors: B J Harrison, M Mudge, L E Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1987)

From six to 89 months after surgery 82 patients who had been treated by radical surgery (118 excisions) for intractable hidradenitis suppurativa were reviewed. Local recurrence rates varied greatly with the disease site, being low after axillary (3%) and perianal surgery (0%) and high after inguinoperineal (37%) and submammary (50%) excision. Recurrence results from inadequate excision or an unusually wide distribution of apocrine glands, but physical factors such as obesity, local pressure, and skin maceration played a part in a few patients. Recurrence due to inadequate surgery tended to be the most troublesome. At follow up 75 (91%) of the patients were pleased with the results of their operation. A quarter of the patients developed disease at a new anatomical site after operation. Radical surgery gives good symptomatic control of severe hidradenitis suppurativa of the axilla, inguinoperineal, and perianal regions but is less satisfactory for submammary disease.
Macroscopic and histologic regression of duodenal polyposis with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy for an ileal pouch adenocarcinoma in a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: M. Pioche, G. Aguero Garcete, J. Forestier, V. Lépilliez, C. Nozières, C. Lombard-Bohas, J.-C. Saurin
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Severe (stage IV) duodenal polyposis is difficult to manage in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), with no effective medical treatment, complex endoscopic treatment modalities, and a high morbidity and mortality from pancreaticoduodenectomy. We present the case of a 44-year-old woman with FAP, stage IV duodenal polyposis, and with an ileal pouch adenocarcinoma that required surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Her duodenal polyposis regressed to stage II after four sessions of FOLFOX4 adjuvant chemotherapy, which avoided the need for aggressive endoscopic therapy or pancreatoduodenectomy in this patient.
TWO-YEAR FATE STUDY OF PACATAL-TREATED PATIENTS
Authors: PAUL E. FELDMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1959)

It may be implied from the data collected that tolerance formation does not occur and that the maintenance dosage is substantially smaller than the original therapeutic dosage. There is no evidence of continued toxicity and those patients treated continuously with Pacatal for 3 years are remarkably free of side effects. Remission following Pacatal therapy appears to be a stable one and only 8¼% of the released patients have found it necessary to return to the hospital. The findings in this study are similar to those obtained in a 2-year follow-up study of Thorazine-treated patients.
Crohn's Disease of the Mouth
Authors: SUMNER C. KRAFT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Editorial Note1 October 1975Crohn's Disease of the MouthSUMNER C. KRAFT, M.D., F.A.C.P.SUMNER C. KRAFT, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-4-570 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCrohn's disease was first observed in the terminal ileum, but has since been shown capable of involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. It is well known that anal lesions ultimately appear in the majority of patients, but what of the oral lesions? How frequently do they occur? What are their characteristics? In what clinical setting do these lesions develop? Are there special therapeutic considerations?The first report of Crohn's disease of the mouth was not published until 1969, and only an additional 14 case reports had appeared through 1974. Although Croft and Wilkinson...References1. CROFTWILKINSON CA: Ulceration of the mouth, pharynx, and larynx in Crohn's disease of the intestine. Br J Surg 59:249-252, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. JACOBSCAVILL AI: The oral lesions of iron deficiency anaemia: pyridoxine and riboflavin status. Br J Haematol 14:291-295, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BASUASQUITHTHOMPSON MPR: Oral manifestations of Crohn's disease. Gut 16:249-254, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. LOCKHART-MUMMERYMORSON HB: Crohn's disease of the large intestine. Gut 5:493-509, 1964 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe early history of catalysis by goldCutaneous manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseaseMucous membranes in systemic diseaseOral Crohn's disease: Report of two cases in brothers with metallic dysgeusia and a review of the literatureCutaneous manifestations of Crohn's diseaseOral manifestations of gastrointestinal diseaseCrohn's disease of the mouth and ovaryOral lesions in Crohn's disease: Report of two cases and update of the literatureCutaneous manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease 1 October 1975Volume 83, Issue 4Page: 570-571KeywordsAnusCrohn's diseaseGastrointestinal tractIleumLesionsMouth Issue Published: 1 October 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of an Aggressive (U.S.) and a Less Aggressive (Canadian) Policy for Cholesterol Screening and Treatment
Authors: Murray Krahn, C. David Naylor, Antoni S. Basinski, Allan S. Detsky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

▪ Objective: To determine the point at which adverse quality-of-life effects engendered by an aggressive cholesterol-lowering strategy dictate the use of a less aggressive approach. ▪ Design: Decision analysis was used to compare the effects of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines, an aggressive program, with those of the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination (CTF) guidelines, a more conservative program. Quality-adjusted life expectancy was calculated for a theoretical cohort of middle-aged men treated according to each program using Markov cohort analysis. ▪ Measurements: Guidelines were applied to the population of the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (LRC-CPPT), under the assumption that cholesterol levels had the distribution of the ageand sex-matched general population. Outcomes were calculated using a three-state (health, coronary heart disease, and death) Markov model. State transition probabilities were calculated using bivariate (age and cholesterol) proportional hazards and logistic regression functions. ▪ Main Results: The result was a "toss-up"; the number of expected quality-adjusted life years was similar for both programs at all time intervals, although the conservative program was consistently slightly favored. The result was very sensitive to the disutility of dietary therapy (threshold value, 0.0014 compared with the baseline estimate of 0.02) but was also affected by the time frame of the analysis and the rate at which adverse effects of treatment decline. ▪ Conclusions: Even small disutilities associated with treatment may outweigh the benefits of aggressive cholesterol-lowering strategies. Research should be directed toward measuring these disutilities and finding ways to reduce their size. Incorporation of the disutility of treatment into policy formulation may result in less interventionist and less costly policies.
Increase of interleukin-1Ra and interleukin-6 levels during the first two days of hospitalization is associated with raised risk of in-hospital coronary events in unstable angina
Authors: G. Liuzzo, G. Fantauzzi, F. Ginnetti, G. Caligiuri, V. Rizzello, D.J. Angiolillo, C. Colizzi, C.A. Dinarello, L.M. Biasucci, A. Mason
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
A Phase I Study of Veliparib (ABT-888) in Combination with Low-Dose Fractionated Whole Abdominal Radiation Therapy in Patients with Advanced Solid Malignancies and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis
Authors: Kim A. Reiss, Joseph M. Herman, Marianna Zahurak, Anthony Brade, Laura A. Dawson, Angela Scardina, Caitlin Joffe, Emily Petito, Amy Hacker-Prietz, Robert J. Kinders, Lihua Wang, Alice Chen, Sarah Temkin, Naomi Horiba, Lillian L. Siu, Nilofer S. Azad
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

The combination of low-dose radiotherapy with PARP inhibition has been shown to enhance antitumor efficacy through potentiating DNA damage. We combined low-dose fractionated whole abdominal radiation (LDFWAR) with escalating doses of veliparib (ABT-888), a small-molecule PARP inhibitor, in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from advanced solid tumor malignancies.Patients were treated with veliparib (80-320 mg daily) for a total of 3 cycles. LDFWAR consisted of 21.6 Gy in 36 fractions, 0.6 Gy twice daily on days 1 and 5 for weeks 1-3 of each cycle. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) were collected and evaluated for γ-H2AX. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the EORTC-QLQ-C30 questionnaire.Twenty-two patients were treated. Treatment-related grade 3 and 4 toxicities included lymphopenia (68%), anemia (9%), thrombocytopenia (14%), neutropenia (4%), leukopenia (9%), ascites (4%), vomiting (4%), and dyspnea (4%). No objective responses were observed. Disease stabilization (≥24 weeks) was observed in 7 patients (33%). Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 4.47 months and median overall survival (mOS) was 13.04 months. In the subset of 8 ovarian and fallopian cancers, mPFS was 6.77 months and mOS was 17.54 months compared with mPFS 2.71 months and mOS 13.01 months in others. Patients with ovarian and fallopian cancers had better QoL over time than those with other cancers. An increased percentage of γ-H2AX-positive CTCs was observed in a subset of patients (3/6 with >2 CTCs at baseline).Combined veliparib and LDFWAR is a well-tolerated regimen that resulted in prolonged disease stability for some patients with advanced solid tumors and carcinomatosis, particularly in the ovarian and fallopian cancer subpopulation.
Response to high-dose intravenous immune globulin as a valuable factor predicting the effect of splenectomy in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura patients
Authors: Chul Won Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Jae Hong Seo, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim, Sang Kyun Sohn, Jae Seok Kim, Dong Gun Shin, Hun Mo Ryoo, Kyung Hee Lee, Je Jung Lee, Ik Joo Chung, Hyeoung Joon Kim, Jae Yong Kwak, Chang Yeol Yim, Jin Seok Ahn, Jung Ae Lee, Young Suk Park
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

This study was conducted to verify whether the response to high-dose intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) was related to the effect of splenectomy in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients. A total of 79 patients over 16 years of age were enrolled in this study. The response to the treatment was classified on the basis of the platelet count as no response (NR, <50 × 109/l), incomplete response (IR, (50–150) × 109/l), and complete response (CR, >150 × 109/l). The response was evaluated after the infusion of high-dose IVIG, within 2 weeks after splenectomy (immediate response), and during a follow-up period of more than 6 months after splenectomy (sustained response), respectively. 58 patients (73.4%) showed responses (CR or IR) to high-dose IVIG. After splenectomy, immediate responses were observed in 73 patients (92%). The response to high-dose IVIG had no relationship with the immediate response to splenectomy (P = 0.333). A follow-up evaluation was possible with 58 patients; 6 patients with NR in immediate responses did not show any response during the follow-up period, and 17 patients relapsed within 6 months after immediate responses, so 35 patients (60.3%) had sustained responses. Responders to IVIG had significantly higher sustained response rates to splenectomy than non-responders (62% vs. 38%, P = 0.001). These results indicate that the response to high-dose IVIG could be a valuable factor predicting the sustained response to splenectomy in chronic ITP patients. Am. J. Hematol. 66:197–202, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
QUANTIFICATION OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCT SIZE USING SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: F Prigent, J Maddahi, C Wong, K Van Train, Y Sato, E Garcia, HJC Swan, M Fishbein, A Waxman, W Ganz, D Berman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Although useful for diagnosis of coronary disease, the ability of single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) to quantify infarct size (IS) is not well defined. Ten min after 2 mCi of intravenous Tl-201, 30 30-sec projections were obtained over 180° in 6 normal (nl) dogs and 10 other dogs 8 hours after closed-chest coronary occlusion (LAD in 7 and LCX in 3). After sacrifice, hearts were sliced and stained by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC). Pathologic IS was calculated on each slice and for the entire left ventricular myocardium (LV) as % weight. 0.4 cm-thick reconstructed oblique tomograms were quantified by automatic 60-point maximum count circumferential profile analysis, and computerized comparison of each point's activity to nl limit values derived from the 6 nl dogs. SPECT IS on each individual tomogram was defined as the % of circumferential points over the myocardial periphery falling below nl. SPECT and TTC IS on 62 corresponding slices with infarct correlated highly (mean±SD: 33±30 vs. 34±28, respectively, r=.87, p < .001). In order to obtain SPECT IS as % total LV, IS on each individual slice was multiplied by a different weighing factor depending on the depth of the SPECT slice along the long axis of the LV and values were subsequently added for the entire LV. SPECT and TTC IS for the entire LV also correlated highly (mean±SD: 20±8 vs. 22±7, respectively, r=0.87, p<0.01). Thus, computerized automatic analysis of SPECT T1–201 myocardial images is a valid method for the noninvasive assessment of the extent of myocardial infarction and thus may become a powerful prognostic indicator in ischemic heart disease.
Concerning an Alleged Birthmark, " Snake" eye.
Authors: H. V. Würdemann
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Milwaukee, Wis., Jan. 18, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —There are several thousand physicians in this country and no doubt several hundred who may be reached within an hour or so of travel from the office of the gentleman in Waukegan, Ill., who are capable of properly cataloguing his case of "snake" eye within some one of the not uncommon congenital anomalies, probably congenital coloboma or fissure of the iris. If the Doctor would give the lad the benefit of a consultation with an oculist, he would not only learn something but help his "myopic" patient whose "eyes are elongated antero posteriorly." Courteously yours,
Utility of bone marrow culture and biopsy in the diagnosis of disseminated infections in AIDS
Authors: Philip Keiser, Steven Rademacher, James W. Smith
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Bone marrow examination (BME) has been used as a diagnostic test of last resort in HIV infected patients. Identifying factors that would increase the diagnostic yield of BME would be useful. A retrospective cohort study was done to determine the predictive value of BME for disseminated infection in 133 patients with HIV infection in a 4-year period at an active HIV clinical center. Thirty-two percent of the cases had evidence of a disseminated infection on BME but only 10% of cases had a diagnosis made exclusively by BME. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a positive result was more likely in those patients with fewer than 50 CD4 cells/mm3 and those with a hematocrit of less than 25% (P<0.01). BME can be a useful, low-risk diagnostic procedure in selected patients with HIV infection who are ill with a low CD4 count and/or have a hematocrit less than 25%. A diagnosis can usually be made by other means, suggesting that this test should be limited to those in whom other diagnostic modalities have been exhausted.
Doctors in chambers
Authors: P. Garside
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Hospital doctors in England have overwhelmingly rejected the offer of a new consultant contract from the government.1 It seems that they object to being controlled by managers. On deeper reflection this vote probably represents a wider rejection of an outdated form of contracting for medical services. It could also mean that the BMA, who negotiated on behalf of the doctors, is out of touch. A new contract is also under consideration for general practitioners. The context for the delivery of medical care is changing—is now the time to develop a new model of “purchasing” the medical resource, in the United Kingdom and other countries? Will doctors move to a chambers style arrangement, traditionally used by the legal profession?

The word chambers is now commonly used in current discussions as a generic word to refer to alternative organisational forms for doctors to sell their services to the NHS and to other payers—very few have been established. The two main groups of UK doctors, hospital doctors and family doctors, have traditionally been remunerated in completely different ways. Hospital doctors are salaried employees of NHS organisations whereas general practitioners operate …
Clinical pharmacology in patients with evolving myocardial infarction of tissue-type plasminogen activator produced by recombinant DNA technology.
Authors: A J Tiefenbrunn, A K Robinson, P B Kurnik, P A Ludbrook, B E Sobel
Journal: Circulation (1985)

This study was performed to characterize selected pharmacologic properties and effects on the fibrinolytic system of tissue-type plasminogen activator synthesized by recombinant DNA technology (rt-PA) in 12 patients treated for coronary thrombosis. rt-PA was infused parenterally (by the intracoronary route in four patients and intravenously in eight) in doses of 8.3, 12.5, or 16.7 micrograms/kg/min for 30 to 60 min, yielding a total dosage of 20 to 40 mg/patient. The drug induced coronary thrombolysis in 10 of the 12 patients treated (83%), including six of the eight given rt-PA intravenously. No bleeding complications were encountered. Serial blood samples were obtained before, during, and after infusion of rt-PA and analyzed for t-PA antigen (i.e., immunoassayable rt-PA protein), functional fibrinolytic activity attributable to rt-PA, fibrinogen, plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, fibrinogen degradation products, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and protamine-corrected thrombin time. Pretreatment plasma t-PA antigen levels averaged 16.5 +/- 5(SD) ng/ml. Peak plasma values were generally proportional to dose, averaging 3330 +/- 1201 ng/ml. Approximately 90% of peak level was reached in 30 min, with a plateau at peak reached within 40 min. Functional t-PA activity increased monotonically in a comparable fashion. Curves for disappearance of both t-PA antigen and functional activity from plasma were monoexponential for at least two half-lives (r = .99 for both) and were concordant. The observed half-lives were similar, averaging 8.3 and 9.1 min, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)