tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A histochemical study on the role of lysosomal enzymes in idiopathic steatorrhoea before and during a gluten-free diet.
Authors: E O Riecken, J S Stewart, C C Booth, A G Pearse
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS The small intestinal epithelium in idiopathic steatorrhoea was studied histochemically in patients before and during treatment with a gluten-free diet.Rapid recovery of nearly all the enzymes studied started within a week of treatment, even in the most severely damaged mucosa.Special attention was paid to the lysosomal enzymes, which act as markers of the lysosomal organelles.Enzyme activity was both decreased and abnormally diffuse in every patient with idiopathic steatorrhoea before treatment, suggesting damage to the lysosomal membrane with consequent uncontrolled release of highly destructive enzymes leading to cellular autodigestion.The generalized decrease observed in enzyme activity is probably due to this damaging action of the lysosomal enzymes which may well also account for the breakdown of the cyto-architecture.Although decreased enzyme activity is the dominant histochemical feature, there is evidence of a compensatory increase in enzyme production, as shown in particular by the appearance of acid phosphatase activity in the Golgi apparatus.The cellular disorder of the small intestine in idiopathic steatorrhoea was first investigated histo- chemically in detail by Padykula, Strauss, Ladman, and Gardner (1961), who described characteristic changes in the histochemical pattern of the small intestinal mucosa.They demonstrated a lower ger- minative crypt zone twice as long as the normal crypt in which enzymes were virtually normal, above this a short middle zone with absorptive cells histochemic- ally similar to the epithelium of thenormal villus, and, finally, an upper zone of surface cells which showed gross histochemical abnormalities.These changes were associated with an increased mitotic rate in the crypt zone together with disturbances of the structure of the surface cells.More recent investigations (Plosscowe, Berg and Segal, 1963; Spiro, Filipe, Stewart, Booth, and Pearse,
A multinational cohort study of in-center daily hemodialysis and patient survival
Authors: Rita S. Suri, Robert M. Lindsay, Brian A. Bieber, Ronald L. Pisoni, Amit X. Garg, Peter C. Austin, Louise M. Moist, Bruce M. Robinson, Brenda W. Gillespie, Cecile G. Couchoud, Roula Galland, Eduardo K. Lacson, Deborah L. Zimmerman, Yun Li, Gihad E. Nesrallah
Journal: Kidney International (2012)
Patient Age and Decisions To Withhold Life-Sustaining Treatments from Seriously Ill, Hospitalized Adults
Authors: Mary Beth Hamel, Joan M. Teno, Lee Goldman, Joanne Lynn, Roger B. Davis, Anthony N. Galanos, Norman A. Desbiens, Alfred F. Connors, Neil S. Wenger, Russell S. Phillips
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: Patient age may influence decisions to withhold life-sustaining treatments, independent of patients' preferences for or ability to benefit from such treatments. Controversy exists about the appropriateness of using age as a criterion for making treatment decisions. Objective: To determine the effect of age on decisions to withhold life-sustaining therapies. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Five medical centers participating in the Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments (SUPPORT). Patients: 9105 hospitalized adults who had one of nine illnesses associated with an average 6-month mortality rate of 50%. Measurements: Outcomes were the presence and timing of decisions to withhold ventilator support, surgery, and dialysis. Adjustment was made for sociodemographic characteristics, prognoses, baseline function, patients' preferences for life-extending care, and physicians' understanding of patients' preferences for life-extending care. Results: The median patient age was 63 years; 44% of patients were women, and 53% survived to 180 days. In adjusted analyses, older age was associated with higher rates of withholding each of the three life-sustaining treatments studied. For ventilator support, the rate of decisions to withhold therapy increased 15% with each decade of age (hazard ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.12 to 1.19]); for surgery, the increase per decade was 19% (hazard ratio, 1.19 [CI, 1.12 to 1.27]); and for dialysis, the increase per decade was 12% (hazard ratio, 1.12 [CI, 1.06 to 1.19]). Physicians underestimated older patients' preferences for life-extending care; adjustment for this underestimation resulted in an attenuation of the association between age and decisions to withhold treatments. Conclusion: Even after adjustment for differences in patients' prognoses and preferences, older age was associated with higher rates of decisions to withhold ventilator support, surgery, and dialysis.
A CASE OF MYCETOMA
Authors: L. C. Audrain
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The report of a case of mycetoma by Dr. Pagenstecher<sup>1</sup>of San Antonio, Texas, leads me to report this case. In Mexico, mycetoma, or "Madura foot," is quite common. One rarely sees these cases, however, until the absorption from the diseased, suppurating, repulsive foot has so thoroughly undermined the patient's general health that there is little choice left for the surgeon but to amputate. It has fallen to my lot to do this on five occasions, the patients ranging from 24 to 70 years of age. A point of interest in these cases in this country is the prevailing notion that the affected person has been bewitched. A woman who wants a man who is living with some other woman, but cannot get him, takes out her spite in this way: She takes a piece of his clothing to some old woman, who puts it, together with a piece of
The Circulatory Effects of Reserpine
Authors: E. G. MCQUEEN, A. E. DOYLE, F. H. SMIRK
Journal: Circulation (1955)

The effects of large doses of reserpine have been compared in hypertensive and normotensive patients. The falls of blood pressure are larger in the hypertensives than in the normotensives. In normotensive animals small falls of blood pressure occur. Evidence is presented which suggests that the fall of blood pressure in animals is in part mediated through the sympathetic nervous system. There seems also to be a direct vascular action in animals. In man, evidence is presented which suggests that part at least of the hypotensive action is mediated through the sympathetic nervous system.
DIATHERMY IN THE PRODUCTION OF DEEP TEMPERATURE
Authors: RALPH BOERNE BETTMAN
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Diathermy, from the Greek meaning to heat through, is the name introduced by Nagelschmidt for the therapeutic application of the high frequency current. By the latter is meant a current that changes its direction 10,000 times or more a second. Currents above this frequency will not produce the physiologic stimulation of the tissue; that is, the neuromuscular response produced by low frequency or direct current. As is commonly employed therapeutically today, the frequency of the current varies from 1,000,000 to 2,500,000 per second. The voltage in these currents is usually from 3,000 to 10,000. It is asserted that the high frequency current was first discovered by an American, W. J. Morton, and reported by him, Jan. 24, 1891. D'Arsonval, however, who read his first paper on the subject, Feb. 24, 1891, is commonly credited with its discovery and was certainly the first to use this current therapeutically. Shortly afterward, in
Carbohydrate Induction of Diabetic Lipemia.
Authors: William H. R. Nye
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Carbohydrate Induction of Diabetic Lipemia.William H. R. Nye, M.D., F.A.C.P., Christine Waterhouse, M.D., F.A.C.P.William H. R. Nye, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Christine Waterhouse, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1188_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLipemia is frequently seen during the course of diabetes mellitus. It usually occurs transiently as part of the syndrome of acute insulin deficiency, disappearing rapidly with insulin therapy. Less commonly, chronic lipemia is encountered that is not always abolished by insulin administration. A role for carbohydrate (CHO) induction in these cases was suggested by the finding of endogenous as well as exogenous particulate fat in the plasma of 3 insulin-requiring patients with chronic diabetic lipemia, and was evaluated in 2 of them in a Clinical Research Center as follows: Each was given [1] a high-CHO, no-, or low-fat diet and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Rochester, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1188-1189KeywordsBlood plasmaCarbohydratesDiabetes mellitusDietFatsHyperlipidemiaInsulinParticulates Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Endostatin Gene Transfer Inhibits Joint Angiogenesis and Pannus Formation in Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Guoyong Yin, Weimin Liu, Ping An, Ping Li, Ivan Ding, Vicente Planelles, Edward M. Schwarz, Wang Min
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Rheumatoid arthritis is a prevalent example of an inflammatory angiogenic disease, which is mediated by pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF). To evaluate the effect of the potent anti-angiogenic factor endostatin on TNF-induced inflammatory arthritis, we injected an endostatin-expressing lentiviral vector directly into the joints of human TNF-transgenic mice before the onset of disease. Histological analysis of the injected joints 8 weeks later revealed that endostatin reduced blood vessel density within the synovial tissues and an overall mean arthritis index. In vitro and in vivo examination of the potential mechanism by which endostatin inhibited the arthritis revealed that endostatin blocks TNF-induced activation of JNK and JNK-dependent pro-angiogenic gene expression. These data suggest a novel mechanism by which endostatin inhibits angiogenesis, and demonstrates the potential utility of anti-angiogenic gene therapy for treatment of inflammatory arthritis.
DESCRIPTION OF AN ADVANCEMENT SUTURE.WITH COLLECTIVE SUGGESTIONS REGARDING OPERATIONS ON THE OCULAR MUSCLES.
Authors: MARK D. STEVENSON
Journal: JAMA (1905)

I am a firm believer in conservative surgery and advocate careful operative interference only in suitable cases after all other means, e. g., the use of proper lenses, prism exercises, or fusion training, have failed to accomplish the desired results, to wit: cosmetic straightening of the eyes, parallelism of the optic axes, fixation, establishment of binocular single vision, and in phorias, obtaining the normal balance. I do not intend to discuss the many excellent non-operative methods of treating or aiding these cases, but in this paper I presuppose that all of these have failed, and turn in proper cases to operative procedures as a last resort. I think that an advancement, alone or combined with a tenotomy, is practically always to be preferred to a tenotomy alone. An external ocular muscle is seldom too strong, the rotation of an eye rarely exceeds the normal, but in squint and heterophoria, defective
Re-treatment of patients with anti-HBE positive chronic hepatitis B who relapsed after an initial course of lamivudine
Authors: G.A. Niro, T. Santantonio, R. Fontana, M. Insalata, D. Facciorusso, F. Signorile, F. Perri, A. Guastadisegni, D. Gioffreda, G. Pastore, A. Andriulli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Combination of VEGF-C gene transfer and treatment with the PDGF receptor kinase inhibitor STI571 leads to persistent reduction in neointima formation in balloon-denunded rabbit aorta
Authors: Olli P. Leppanen, Mikko O. Hiltunen, Tuomas T. Rissanen, Juha Rutanen, Mikko P. Turunen, Tobias Sjöblom, Josef Brueggen, Marianne Carlsson, Elisabeth Buchdunger, David Bergqvist, Karl Alitalo, Carl-Henrik Heldin, Ame Ostman, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The isolation of human sebaceous glands and apocrine sweat glands by shearing
Authors: T. KEALEY, CATHERINE M. LEE, A.J. THODY, T. COAKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

A new method of isolating human sebaceous and apocrine sweat glands by the repeated dissection of skin biopsies with scissors is described. The success of the technique is attributed to a line of weakness between the investing capsule and the surrounding connective tissue which parts under shear forces. The glands are judged to be viable by; (i) light and electron microscopy; (ii) ATP, ADP and AMP contents of 148.8±30.3, 30.6±4.7 and 14.9±4.7 pmol (mean±s.e.m.) for sebaceous glands and 310.2±34.1, 90.35±16.3 and 40.1±11.8 pmol (mean±s.e.m.) for apocrine sweat glands, which gave energy charges of 0.84 and 0.81, respectively; and (iii) a rate of sebaceous gland lipogenesis of 39.7±3.7 pmol glucose incorporated into lipid/gland/h (mean±s.e.m.)
Lin28a transgenic mice manifest size and puberty phenotypes identified in human genetic association studies
Authors: Hao Zhu, Samar Shah, Ng Shyh-Chang, Gen Shinoda, William S Einhorn, Srinivas R Viswanathan, Ayumu Takeuchi, Corinna Grasemann, John L Rinn, Mary F Lopez, Joel N Hirschhorn, Mark R Palmert, George Q Daley
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Hyponatremia After Percutaneous Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty
Authors: Ruben F. Lewin, Gerald Dorros, James F. King
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1987Hyponatremia After Percutaneous Balloon Aortic ValvuloplastyRUBEN F. LEWIN, M.D., GERALD DORROS, M.D., JAMES F. KING, M.D.RUBEN F. LEWIN, M.D., GERALD DORROS, M.D., JAMES F. KING, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-256_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the article by Schneider and associates (1). In our own study, aortic valvuloplasty was successfully done in 24 consecutive patients. Fourteen patients (group 1), had significant hyponatremia (less than 5% from basal value). The hyponatremia was unexplained by other causes (1), except in one case with significant prevalvuloplasty diuresis (2).Group 1 was compared to the remaining ten patients (group 2) in whom no significant hyponatremia occurred. Recorded values included serum sodium and potassium before and 6 hours after the procedure, strict fluid input and output before and after the procedure, and concomitant...References1. SCHNEIDER J, WILSON M, and GALLANT T. Percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty for aortic stenosis in elderly patients at high risk for surgery. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:696-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LEVINSKY N. Fluids and electrolytes. In: PETERSDORF RG, ADAMS RD, BRAUNWALD E, ISSELBACHER KJ, MARTIN JB, WILSON JD, eds: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1983:220-5. Google Scholar3. WALDMAN H, PALACIOS I, and BLOCK P. Early and late effects of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty on levels of atrial natriuretic factor [Abstract]. JACC. 1987;9:33A. Google Scholar4. SCHWAB T, EDWARDS B, DEVRIES W, ZIMMERMAN R, and BURNETT J. Atrial endocrine function in humans with artificial hearts. N Engl J Med. 1987;315:1398-1401. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. CUNEO R, ESPINER E, NICHOLLS M, YANDLE T, JOYCE S, and GILCHRIST N. Renal hemodynamic and hormonal response to atrial natriuretic peptide infusions in normal man, and effects of sodium intake. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;63:946-53. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RUBEN F. LEWIN, M.D.; GERALD DORROS, M.D.; JAMES F. KING, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPercutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty. Acute and 30-day follow-up results in 674 patients from the NHLBI Balloon Valvuloplasty Registry.Percutaneous Balloon Valvuloplasty in Adult Patients with Valvular Heart Disease 1 August 1987Volume 107, Issue 2 Page: 256-256 Keywords Hyponatremia Potassium Sodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Heroin Dependency: Medical, Economic, and Social Aspects
Authors: William E. Thornton
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This volume should have considerable general appeal to the medical profession. It represents a clearly written, professionally excellent, and comprehensively integrated treatment of a specific drug topic. This contrasts with drug abuse texts that have undertaken the enormously ambitious task of discussing mixed drug topics within a single volume. The book is divided into three sections. The first begins with an enlightening historical narrative and is followed by a discussion entitled "socioeconomics of heroin use." It is appropriate that this topic occurs early in the presentation because an understanding of the business aspect of heroin is imperative to an intelligent perspective. The discussion of effects of legislation and law enforcement on heroin dependency serves as a continuation of the socioeconomic aspects and is equally provocative. Since decisions and attitudes concerning heroin dependency are often based on epidemiologic measures of incidence and prevalence, a chapter is devoted to the need for
A Psychoanalytical and Neurovegetative Investigation of Gastro-colitis Patients
Authors: G. Koptagel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1971)

51 patients with symptoms and complaints of the gastro-colitis disease complex have been investigated from a psychoanalytical and neurovegetative point of view. The psychoanalytical investigation was performed through a psychoanalytically oriented interview and the application of the Louisa Düss Psychoanalytical Stories Test. The neurovegetative tonus state was determined by means of Breit-mann's Adrenaline histamine skin test method. Through the results of these examinations, it could be seen that the gastro-colitis patients show, in their psychological development, a fixation to the preoedipal (passive-receptive) oral stage, and manifest, on the biological basis, a predominance of the parasympathic system tonus, which has a tropho-tropic-endophylactic function, thus corresponding to the passive-receptiveness in the psychological structure. In considering the disease as a reaction to the disturbance of the homeostatic equilibrium, the stress and social conflict situations, found at a very high incidence rate in all of the patients, could be accepted as non-specific external stimuli evoking the local adaptation syndrome which the organism manifested through a 'retroaction' process on the biological level, thus turning back to a more primitive type of repression which these patients found at the oral level, being already fixated to it, during their psychological development process. The statistical calculations of the neurovegetative tonus values and the comparison of the results with the 2 control groups of normal subjects and patients with shoulder-arm-syndrome, it was concluded that a structural tendency to the predominance of the parasympathic-trophotropic vegetative state could be the determinant factor in creating the predisposition for the psychological fixation to the passive-receptive stage of development.
Life expectancy in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: J L Hutton, T Cooke, P O D Pharoah
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> : To determine life expectancy of children with cerebral palsy. <b>Design</b> : Cohort analysis, by means of register compiled from multiple sources of ascertainment, of all children with cerebral palsy born during 1966-84 to mothers resident in Mersey region. Status of children was determined by flagging through NHS central register. <b>Subjects</b> : 1258 subjects with idiopathic cerebral palsy, of whom 1251 were traced and included in analysis. <b>Main outcome measures</b> : Effect of functional ability (ambulation, manual dexterity, and mental ability), sex, birth weight, and gestational age on survival. <b>Results</b> : 20 year survival for whole cohort was 89.3% for females and 86.9% for males. For subjects with no severe functional disabilities 20 year survival was 99% (95% confidence interval 98% to 100%), while subjects severely disabled in all three functional groups had 20 year survival of 50% (42% to 58%). Subjects with birth weight &lt;=2500 g had 20 year survival of 92% (89% to 95%), while those with birth weight &lt;2500 g had survival of 87% (84% to 89%). Subjects with gestational age of &lt;37 weeks had 20 year survival of 93% (91% to 96%), while those with gestational age &gt;=37 weeks had survival of 85% (83% to 88%). Birth weight and gestational age were less predictive of survival than functional disability. Best statistical model used gestational age and number of severe functional disabilities as predictors. <b>Conclusions</b> : Life expectancy of this cohort of children with cerebral palsy was greater than has been suggested in some previous studies. This has important implications for social, educational, and health services.
Sotalol in the Treatment of Fetal Dysrhythmias
Authors: Martijn A. Oudijk, Maaike M. Michon, Charles S. Kleinman, Livia Kapusta, Philip Stoutenbeek, Gerard H. A. Visser, Erik J. Meijboom
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Fetal tachycardia may cause hydrops fetalis and lead to fetal death. No unanimity of opinion exists regarding the optimum treatment. This study evaluates our experience with transplacental sotalol therapy to treat fetal tachycardias in terms of safety and efficacy. Methods and Results —The charts of 21 patients who were treated with sotalol for fetal tachycardia were reviewed. Ten fetuses had atrial flutter (AF), 10 had supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), and 1 had VT. Hydrops fetalis was present in 9 fetuses. Drug treatment was successful in establishing sinus rhythm in 8 of 10 fetuses with AF and in 6 of 10 fetuses with SVT. The mortality rate in this study was 19% (4 of 21 fetuses; 3 had SVT and 1 had AF); 3 deaths occurred just days after the initiation of sotalol therapy, and 1 occurred after a dosage increase. At birth, tachycardia was present in 6 infants. Two patients who converted to sinus rhythm in utero suffered from neurologic pathology postnatally. Conclusions —Fetal tachycardia is a serious condition in which treatment should be initiated, especially in the presence of hydrops fetalis. The high success rate in fetuses with AF suggests that sotalol should be considered a drug of first choice to treat fetal AF. The low conversion rate and the fact that 3 of the 4 deaths in this study occurred in fetuses with SVT indicate that the risks of sotalol therapy outweigh the benefits in this group and that sotalol should, therefore, be limited in the treatment of fetal SVT.
Iliopsoas cyst: rare cause of hip pain and vascular compression in osteoarthritis
Authors: J. Holton, A. Palmer, B. Kendrick, A. Ramsden, A. Taylor, S. Glyn-Jones
Journal: BMJ (2014)

An 83 year old woman with mild hip osteoarthritis presented with a right groin mass, pain, and progressive right limb distension. …