tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Poorly Differentiated Lymphocytic Lymphoma with Ectopic Parathormone Production: Visualization of Metastatic Calcification by Bone Scan
Authors: B R J WILLIAMSON, R M CAREY, D J INNES, C D TEATES, S T BRAY, R F LEES, B C STURGILL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

Metastatic soft tissue calcification is known to occur in hypercalcemia and is usually present in the kidneys, stomach and lungs.1-3 This case presents two unusual features: 1) ectopic parathormone production in association with poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma; and 2) uptake of 99 mTc-pyrophosphate in the liver in the absence of demonstrable abnormality at autopsy. The more usual sites of metastatic calcification also showed uptake of the radionuclide. We will discuss metastatic soft tissue calcification, ectopic parathyroid hormone production, hypercalcemia in malignancy and bone scan agent localization in soft tissues.
Careers in Clinical Research: Obstacles and Opportunities.
Authors: William N. Kelley
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The interrelationship between chloride ions and endothelium on α1-adrenoceptor-mediated contractions in aortic rings from Dahl normotensive and hypertensive rats
Authors: R Tabrizchi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Objectives: The effects of chloride-free buffer in the absence or presence of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), or chloride channel antagonist, indanyloxyacetic acid 94 (IAA-94) on α1-adrenoceptor mediated contractions were investigated in aortic rings from Dahl salt-resistant normotensive (SRN) and salt-sensitive hypertensive (SSH) rats on a 4% salt diet. Methods: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured via intra-arterial catheters under halothane anesthesia. Subsequently, the aorta was removed and cirazoline-induced contractions were recorded in normal Krebs and chloride-free buffer using ring preparation. Guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) content of aortic rings was also determined by scintillation proximity assay kits. Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of SSH (180/130±1/1, mean±S.E.; n = 14) were significantly higher than those of SRN (101/76±1/1, mean±S.E.; n = 14) 7 weeks after they were placed on a salt diet. While the presence of l-NAME failed to have any impact on cirazoline-induced contractions in aortic rings from SSH rats, it significantly accentuated the effects of cirazoline in tissues from SRN rats. On the other hand, IAA-94 was able to inhibit cirazoline-mediated contractions in aortic rings from both SRN and SSH rats. The removal of chloride ions potentiated contractions produced by cirazoline in tissues from SRN but not SSH rats. Moreover, cirazoline-evoked responses in tissues from SRN were not further accentuated by the inclusion of l-NAME in chloride-free buffer. Cirazoline-mediated contractions in tissues from SSH rats were not influenced by absence of chloride ions, and the presence of l-NAME. It was also apparent that the inclusion of IAA-94 in absence of chloride ions did not prevent the potentiation of responses to cirazoline. Removal of chloride ions did not significantly decrease basal cyclic GMP levels in aortic rings from either strain. Conclusions: Basal release of nitric oxide seems to make a greater contribution in the suppression of cirazoline-evoked contractions in vessels from SRN as opposed to SSH rats. Chloride channels appear to contribute to cirazoline-evoked contractions in normal Krebs but not in chloride-free buffer.
Extending Bayesian concept learning to deal with representational complexity and adaptation
Authors: Michael D. Lee
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

While Tenenbaum and Griffiths impressively consolidate and extend Shepard's research in the areas of stimulus representation and generalization, there is a need for complexity measures to be developed to control the flexibility of their “hypothesis space” approach to representation. It may also be possible to extend their concept learning model to consider the fundamental issue of representational adaptation. [Tenenbaum &amp; Griffiths]
Social class, non-employment, and chronic illness: continuing the inequalities in health debate.
Authors: S Arber
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The 1981-2 General Household Survey showed steep class gradients in limiting longstanding illness for men and women aged 20-59 that were very similar to the class gradients in mortality in the 1979-83 decennial supplement. The class gradient for women classified by their husband9s occupation was stronger than that when they were classified by their own occupation. Men and women who lacked paid employment reported poorer health than the employed and were concentrated in the lower social classes. Inequalities in ill health due to class were partly caused by the higher proportion in the lower social classes who were without work. Class differences in ill health still existed, however, among the currently employed, with unskilled men reporting particularly poor health and women manual workers reporting poorer health than women in non-manual jobs. Class differences were greater for the occupationless than for the currently employed. Thus class remains an important indicator of health inequalities despite the current high level of unemployment.
Mutations of C-RAF Are Rare in Human Cancer because C-RAF Has a Low Basal Kinase Activity Compared with B-RAF
Authors: Victoria Emuss, Mathew Garnett, Clive Mason, Richard Marais
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract The protein kinase B-RAF is mutated in ∼8% of human cancers. Here we show that presumptive mutants of the closely related kinase, C-RAF, were detected in only 4 of 545 (0.7%) cancer cell lines. The activity of two of the mutated proteins is not significantly different from that of wild-type C-RAF and these variants may represent rare human polymorphisms. The basal and B-RAF–stimulated kinase activities of a third variant are unaltered but its activation by RAS is significantly reduced, suggesting that it may act in a dominant-negative manner to modulate pathway signaling. The fourth variant has elevated basal kinase activity and is hypersensitive to activation by RAS but does not transform mammalian cells. Furthermore, when we introduce the equivalent of the most common cancer mutation in B-RAF (V600E) into C-RAF, it only has a weak effect on kinase activity and does not convert C-RAF into an oncogene. This lack of activation occurs because C-RAF lacks a constitutive charge within a motif in the kinase domain called the N-region. This fundamental difference in RAF isoform regulation explains why B-RAF is frequently mutated in cancer whereas C-RAF mutations are rare.
Takeaway food and health
Authors: K. M. Neckerman
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Change the menu, not the venue

Takeaway or fast food has been a tempting target for public health advocates but a confounding one for researchers. It makes intuitive sense that people with ready access to takeaway food will eat more of it, yet results of research linking fast food access to diet or weight have been quite mixed.

In a linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.g1464), Burgoine and colleagues take a novel approach to describing food environment exposures. Unlike most research, which considers only the home neighbourhood, this study measured food outlets around the workplace and along commuting routes as well as near the home. The authors even adjusted the commute route “buffer” based on travel mode: because drivers might deviate farther from their route than other commuters, Burgoine and colleagues counted takeaway outlets within 500 m of the route for drivers and only 100 m for pedestrians and cyclists.

The study population was drawn from the Fenland Study, which is tracking a cohort of adults born in Cambridgeshire, UK, between 1950 and 1975. Consumption …
The Predictive Value of SYNTAX Score for Periprocedural Myonecrosis Prediction
Authors: Hasan Arı, Nadir Emlek, Cihan Aydın, Selvi Coşar, Kübra Doğanay, Alper Karakuş, İsmet Zengin, Tahsin Bozat, Mehmet Melek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Vascular damage without hypertension in transgenic rats expressing prorenin exclusively in the liver.
Authors: M Véniant, J Ménard, P Bruneval, S Morley, M F Gonzales, J Mullins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

We have developed a transgenic animal model to investigate the effects of overexpression of rat prorenin on the cardiovascular system. Two transgenic rat lines were generated in which rat prorenin expression was directed to the liver by a human alpha1-antitrypsin promoter. Liver-specific expression was confirmed by RNase protection assay. Plasma prorenin concentrations in transgenic rats were increased 400-fold in the males of both lines but were increased only two- to threefold in the females. Thus, transgene expression exhibited sexual dimorphism. Blood pressures were not significantly higher in transgenic rats than in nontransgenic controls. The ratio of heart weight to body weight was greater in male transgenic rats than in the nontransgenic controls. Histological analysis revealed severe renal lesions and hypertrophic cardiomyocytes in transgenic males only. This transgenic model demonstrates a likely role of prorenin in the development of cardiac and renal pathology independent of hypertension. These animals will facilitate studies of the effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system and other pharmacological interventions on the development and treatment of cardiac, vascular, and renal lesions induced by changes in this system in the absence of chronic hypertension.
Abstract 3246: TMS1 / ASC is critical for primary ciliogenesis and participates in cell migration
Authors: Eladio Abreu, Pritty Patel, Erik Kline, Adam Marcus, Paula Vertino
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract TMS1/ ASC encodes a bipartite signaling protein that functions in programmed cell death and proinflammatory response. Loss of function of TMS1/ASC through epigenetic silencing has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies, including breast and prostate cancer, although the precise mechanism by which TMS1 loss promotes tumorigenesis remains unclear. Recently, we showed that, in breast epithelial cells, TMS1/ASC silencing promotes resistance to detachment induced apoptosis or ‘anoikis’ through a mechanism that involves the inhibition of procaspase-8 cleavage and Bim upregulation. Here, we further characterized the role of TMS1 in breast epithelial cell adhesion and motility. We found that while TMS1 was dispensable for adhesion to fibronectin, it was necessary for efficient migration across a transwell chamber towards a chemoattractant and in wound-closure. siRNA mediated silencing of TMS1 inhibited breast cell invasion through a Matrigel matrix. Subcellular localization studies showed that adhesion of breast epithelial cells to a fibronectin substratum induced the aggregation of TMS1 into barrel-like structures that formed at the apical cell surface. Primary cilia are solitary, sensory organelles that serve as platforms for multiple signaling pathways. Signalling from these organelles plays an important role in linking environmental cues to cell growth control. Interestingly, primary cilia are observed at much lower frequencies on cancer cells. Physical and temporal similarities between the observed TMS1 barrel-like structures and the basal structures of primary cilia suggest that TMS1 may be linked to adhesion and migration activities by regulating the function and/or biogenesis of primary cilia. To test this hypothesis, we used HEK293 kidney epithelial cells expressing an inducible myc-tagged TMS1 and TMS1-/- MEFs to explore the role of TMS1 in primary ciliogenesis. We found that in the absence of TMS1, HEK293 cells were unable to produce primary cilia, but cilia formation could be induced upon TMS1 induction. Taken together, our studies provide evidence of a novel non-apoptotic, inflammasome-independent role for TMS1 in epithelial cell biology. Furthermore, TMS1 silencing may contribute to carcinogenesis by conferring a tumor suppression disadvantage resulting from primary ciliogenesis deficiencies. Supported by Department of Defense/CDMRP Breast cancer grant W81XWH-08-1-0390 and NIH Institutional Research and Academic Career Development Award (IRACDA) K12GM000680. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3246. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3246
NT Pro-BNP Levels in Patients With Cirrhosis: Correlation With Cardiovascular Dysfunction and Severity of Disease
Authors: Chintan Kansagra, Ajit Kumar, T. Abhisheka, N. Joshi, B. Sukanya, S. Sandip, S. Nikhil, V. Kunal
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
P5-11-07: Receptor Concordance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Recurrences.
Authors: ME Killian, Los Santos JF De, A Forero-Torres, H Krontiras
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: The phenotype of TNBC is defined by absence of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) and lack of amplification of the HER2 oncogene. It is an aggressive form of breast cancer, and despite sensitivity to contemporary chemotherapy, TNBC have a poorer prognosis than ER positive phenotypes, marked by early relapses. This study examines the concordance of receptor status in recurrences among patients with TNBC. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, we identified patients with triple negative breast cancer treated at the University of Alabama at Birmingham between 1998 and 2010. Patient and tumor characteristics and disease status were recorded. Patients with ER, PR, or HER2 (3+) positivity on immunohistochemistry (IHC), or HER2 amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization were excluded. Data regarding the receptor status of the recurrence, if known, was documented. Results: Five hundred and two women with TNBC were diagnosed at our institution between 1998 and 2010. Of these patients, 95/502 (19%) had recurrences. Twenty-seven (28%) were local, 18 (19%) were regional, 35 (37%) were distant, and 15 (16%) were both local-regional and distant. These women ranged in age from 33 to 84 years of age. Of the women with a recurrence, 78/95 (82%) had a biopsy confirming breast cancer recurrence. Of those biopsied, 33/78 (42%) had receptor studies performed, and of these, 30 included data for estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. The remaining 3 had only IHC for estrogen receptors performed. Twenty-two/thirty (73%) had concordance on their biopsy with their initial TNBC status, whereas 8/30 (27%) women developed a pathologically discordant recurrence. Conclusion: In this single institution study of TNBC patients, approximately one quarter of patients developed a pathologically discordant distant recurrence noted at biopsy. It is unclear whether patients experiencing a pathologically discordant recurrence differ in prognosis from those with concordant recurrences. Further study is necessary to evaluate this and determine whether routine biopsy based on pathologic discordance rates and outcomes are warranted. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-07.
Positive EEG Spike Activity in Sleep
Authors: Rolando I. Haddad
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> On the basis of my personal observation, I remember 16 or 18 cases showing 6/sec and 14/sec positive spikes, among a total of approximately 1,500 electroencephalograms (228:1523, 1974). At that time (1959 through 1963), I was curious about this type of activity because it was correlated by some authors to dysfunctional activity of the thalamohypothalamic area, and strongly denied or ignored by others. Those 16 or 18 cases presented the following findings: The ages ranged from 11 to 19 years. The 6/sec and 14/sec activity
Women, Health, and Healing: Toward a New Perspective
Authors: Marilyn J. Vaché
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Exploring both expected controversies, such as abortion and birth practices, and the unexpected, such as automation and sports,<i>Women, Health, and Healing</i>offers a spectrum of research and analysis. Through sociology, anthropology, political science, and epidemiology, it informs the activist and provider who seek to understand and influence health care policy and delivery for women. The editors were invited to prepare the volume by Tavistock Publications for their social science series, "Contemporary Issues in Health, Medicine, and Social Policy," and the ten chapters were written by researchers from Canada, Britain, and the United States. It is, in spite of the academic tone (extensively footnoted and referenced), readable and concise. What might otherwise have been isolated fragments of research on diverse topics are brought together by the excellent introductory chapter, which defines the book's major themes. The essays carry forward the tradition of feminist scholarship, which questions women's access to health
881 COMBINATION THERAPY WITH EGFR1–2/VEGFR INHIBITOR (XL647) AND SORAFENIB IMPROVES OUTCOMES IN A PRE-CLINICAL MODEL OF HCC
Authors: B. Mínguez, S. Toffanin, A. Lachenmayer, L. Cabellos, A. Villanueva, A. DiFeo, P. Melgar-Lesmes, S. Thung, S.L. Friedman, J.M. Llovet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Crossing 'Line on the Map' In Search of Hope
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

WHEN ROSA SANCHEZ first came to the Presbyterian ministry—run clinic Project Vida in El Paso, Tex, she did not know she had diabetes. She did not even know what diabetes was. Her blood glucose level was above 33.3 mmol/L (600 mg/dL)—near coma level. Jean Gowen, the clinic's physician assistant, tried to persuade her to go to the hospital. Sanchez (not her real name), a 35-year-old mother of five children, would not go. There was no one to look after her children. The woman's husband lives in Houston, where he was able to find work. She and the children came to El Paso from Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, about 3 years ago. All in the family are undocumented aliens and are extremely poor even by the standards of El Paso, the fourth poorest city in the United States (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1478-1482). "Little by little, we got her help," Gowen says. "We bought her
Topical Steroids for Uremic Pericardial Effusions
Authors: David D. Oakes
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> Noting that uremic pericardial effusions frequently recur after pericardiocentesis, several authors now advocate immediate pericardiectomy for patients who have symptomatic effusions.<sup>1-3</sup>Recent reports, however, suggest that intrapericardial steroids may greatly increase the efficacy of pericardiocentesis and make pericardiectomy unnecessary except when aspiration of the effusion is not possible.<sup>4-6</sup> Lindsay et al<sup>7</sup>first described the successful use of intrapericardial methylprednisolone for a patient in whom oral prednisone had produced undesirable catabolic effects. Buselmeier et al<sup>4,5</sup>have reported 24 patients who were cured of their effusions by the periodic intrapericardial instillation of triamcinolone hexacetonide, a less absorbable steroid, during 24 to 72 hours of catheter drainage. The amount instilled ranged from 200 to 950 mg. Using the same protocol, Fuller et al<sup>6</sup>reported the successful management of five patients. In the following cases we found that aspiration of the pericardial effusion and a
ANCA-positive vasculitis induced by thioridazine: confirmed by rechallenge
Authors: J.R. Greenfield, M. McGrath, S. Kossard, J.A. Charlesworth, L.V. Campbell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article ANCA‐positive vasculitis induced by thioridazine: confirmed by rechallenge Get access J.R. Greenfield, J.R. Greenfield Departments of Endocrinology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. McGrath, M. McGrath †Vascular Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Kossard, S. Kossard Skin and Cancer Foundation Australia, and Diabetes Centre Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A. Charlesworth, J.A. Charlesworth Department of Nephrology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW 2034, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.V. Campbell L.V. Campbell Departments of EndocrinologySt. Vincent's Hospital, 372 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, Sydney, N.S.W. 2010, Australia Lesley V.Campbell E‐mail: l.campbell@garvan.org.au Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 6, 1 December 2002, Pages 1265–1267, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.05000_2.x Published: 01 December 2002
Foreign Medical Graduates and Maryland Medicaid
Authors: James Studnicki, Robert M. Saywell, Walter Wiechetek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Abstract To determine whether foreign medical graduates provide a disproportionate share of medical care to the poor, Medicaid vendors in Maryland were compared with all licensed physicians in the State. Foreign medical graduates constitute 22 per cent of all physicians in Maryland but 36 per cent of the Medicaid vendors. In addition, of all the vendors for fiscal 1974, 94 per cent who were licensed in 1972 or 1973 were foreign medical graduates. This disproportional representation in the Medicaid program is concentrated in the specialties of general surgery, internal medicine and general practice. Thirty-two per cent of all foreign medical graduates in Maryland are board-certified physicians, but only 22 per cent of those who are Medicaid vendors are board certified. For United States medical graduates, 48 per cent of all physicians are board certified, but this figure increases to 52 per cent for the Medicaid vendors. Finally, representation of foreign medical graduates among Medicaid vendors tends to be highest in areas with the highest physician-to-population ratios and with the highest percentages of total Medicaid payments. (N Engl J Med 294:1153–1157, 1976)
Incidence of normal values of natriuretic peptides in patients with chronic heart failure and impact on survival: A direct comparison of N‐terminal atrial natriuretic peptide, N‐terminal brain natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide
Authors: Martin Hülsmann, Rudolf Berger, Deddo Mörtl, Odette Gore, Brigitte Meyer, Richard Pacher
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2005)