tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring in Unstable Insulin-dependent Diabetes
Authors: Jose Barbosa, Lois Menth, Georgia Schumacher, Sandra Johnson, John Najarian
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

We have studied the impact of home blood glucose measurements with the Ames Dextrostix/Eyetone system on the metabolic control of 17 insulin-dependent, ketosis-prone, unstable diabetic patients. Thirteen patients (69 patient-months) were enrolled in a comprehensive program designed to achieve excellent metabolic control and which included the daily use of the Eyetone meter. Eleven of these patients were diabetic kidney recipients on daily prednisone. The improvement of the metabolic control, as assessed by daily home blood glucose measurements, was highly significant (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in 11 patients (85%). The control was still inadequate, however, in at least seven patients. In four unstable diabetic patients who were given the meter for 4 mo but were not followed closely during this period, modest or no improvement in metabolic control was observed. The Eyetone meter proved highly precise and accurate in our patients' hands. Several patients achieved a coefficient of variation of less than 5 (in 10 consecutive determinations) and a correlation coefficient with the Beckman glucose analyzer of 0.96. We concluded that the metabolic control can be markedly improved in the most unstable diabetic patients with home blood glucose measurements, provided the patients receive adequate and frequent encouragement and diabetic teaching. Without the latter, at least in unstable diabetes, whether patients are compliant or not, the instrument may have little impact on control.
Doctors are mostly happy in their work, but concerned at staffing levels, survey shows
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A major survey of 156 000 NHS staff shows that most medical and dental consultants are happy with the recognition they receive for their work and that more are satisfied with their level of pay than are not.

Of the 9210 medical and dental staff who responded to a question in the Healthcare Commission’s survey about the recognition they got for their work, 68% said they were either satisfied or very satisfied. This compared with 35% of the 46 800 nursing and midwifery staff who responded.

For level of pay, 48% of medical and dental staff were satisfied or very satisfied. Only 28% said they were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied, and 24% were neither dissatisfied nor satisfied. 

The response rate to the survey, carried out in all 391 NHS trusts in England during October and December 2007, was 54%, which …
Is It Reasonable to Refuse to Be Seen by a Nurse Practitioner in the Emergency Department?
Authors: Armand H. Matheny Antommaria, Julie Melini
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2010)

Gregory Larkin and Roderick Hooker (2010) report that prospective patients’ willingness to be cared for by nurse practitioners (NPs), physician assistants, and residents in the emergency department...
Coarctation of the Aorta with Unusual Facies and Mental Retardation
Authors: S. SERGE BAROLD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

A patient with isolated postductal coarctation with mental retardation and characteristic facies is reported. This association may be coincidental; however, sufficient circumstantial evidence is available in the literature to make us feel that this combination may represent a variant or incomplete form of the abnormality induced by the genetic or metabolic defect that usually manifests itself as the supravalvular aortic stenosis syndrome. The long-term administration of calcium and vitamin D during the first 2 years of life suggests a hypercalcemic cause. The small quantity of vitamin D contained in the multivitamin preparation taken by the mother during pregnancy played an unknown but probably unimportant causal role.
Three-Dimensional Assessment of Vascular and Perivascular Characteristics in Subjects with Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Ramiro S. Maldonado, Eric Yuan, Du Tran-Viet, Adam L. Rothman, Amy Y. Tong, David K. Wallace, Sharon F. Freedman, Cynthia A. Toth
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
FcgRIIb mediates amyloid-β neurotoxicity and memory impairment in a model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yong-Keun Jung
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2013)

Amyloid-β (Aβ) induces neuronal loss and cognitive deficits and is believed to be a prominent cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD).However, the cellular mechanism of the pathogenesis is not fully understood.Here we report that Fcg-receptor IIb (FcgRIIb) mediates Aβ neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration.We found that FcgRIIb is significantly up-regulated in the hippocampus of AD brains and neuronal cells exposed to Aβ 1-42 .Neuronal FcgRIIb activates ER stress and caspase-12, and FcgRIIb knockout primary neurons are resistant to Aβ 1-42 -induced cell death in vitro.FcgRIIb deficiency ameliorates Aβ 1-42 -induced inhibition of long-term potentiation and inhibits the reduction of synaptic density by naturally secreted Aβ.Moreover, genetic depletion of FcgRIIb rescues the memory impairments in AD model mice.In an action mode of FcgRIIb in Aβ neurotoxicity, we found that soluble Aβ 1-42 oligomers interact with FcgRIIb in vitro and in AD brains, and inhibition of their interaction blocks Aβ 1-42 neurotoxicity.Thus, we conclude that FcgRIIb has an aberrant but essential role in Aβ 1-42 -mediated neuronal dysfunction, providing insight into Aβ neuropathology.
Sideroblastic anemia: Differences in bone marrow erythroid colony (CFU<sub>e</sub>) growth responses to erythropoietin in plasma clot and methylcellulose cultures
Authors: J. D. Lutton, N. G. Ibraham, R. Hoffman, A. K. Ritchey, R. D. Levere
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1984)

Abstract Bone marrow cells from three patients with idiopathic acquired sideroblastic anemia and one with X‐linked sideroblastic anemia were simultaneously cultured in plasma clot and methylcellulose cultures in order to evaluate their erythroid colony (CFU E ) cloning potential in these two systems. In contrast to normals, sideroblastic anemia bone marrow cells demonstrated a marked ability to form erythropoietin (Epo)‐independent CFU E in methylcellulose culture, and were inhibited in their ability to generate CFU E in plasma clot culture even in the presence of Epo. Addition of citrated plasma to methylcellulose cultures inhibited Epo‐independent CFU E growth, but not Epo‐dependent growth, by both a normal and patients' bone marrow cells. These results demonstrate that bone marrow cells from some patients with sideroblastic anemia can undergo Epo‐independent and Epo‐dependent CFU E growth in vitro, and that there is a marked difference in CFU E growth depending on the type of clonal culture method used. It is suggested that the culture microenvironment, plasma, and sensitivity to Epo may be contributing factors which allow specific clones of sideroblastic anemia CFU E ‐forming cells to proliferate in vitro.
Interpretation of Bone Scans Using a Video Display
Authors: NELSON B. ARNSTEIN, DAVID C. P. CHEN, MICHAEL E. SIEGEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Digital processing, storing, and interpretation of scintigraphic images from a PACS system has been postulated as an efficient, cost-saving measure that may obviate the need for analog film. In order to replace analog film, documentation that images can be interpreted from a digital video display with accuracy at least equal to film must be obtained. Analog film was compared with video images in 28 patients with cancer suspected to be metastatic to bone. Images were acquired with a gamma camera and processed in 256 x 256 word mode by the use of the Medical Data Systems A3 computer. Adjustment of gray scales provided operator-controlled digital contrast enhancement. Video and film images were independently interpreted by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians, each blinded to the other modality. A linear four-color scale was then substituted for the gray scale, and images again interpreted. Lesions were interpreted as positive or equivocal and verified through follow-up scans over a minimum of six months. Of the 28 patients, 22 proved to have metastases, in whom 129 lesions were confirmed by follow-up scintigrams. 124 of these lesions (96.1%) were detectable on both analog film and video images. An additional three proven metastatic lesions on video images were absent or equivocal on analog studies, increasing sensitivity for video images to 98.4%. Five further lesions seen on the video screen represented rib fractures and regressed on follow-up examination. All lesions seen on black-and-white video were also seen when the color scale was applied. Color revealed an additional two lesions not detected on analog film or black-and-white video, both of which have been verified on follow-up scans (sensitivity of 100%). The above results suggest 1) that use of contrastenhanced video images improves detectability of metastatic bone lesions; 2) that video can replace analog film without loss of sensitivity; and 3) that color was found to enhance sensitivity further over the gray scale video display.
The expanding role of nerve growth factor: from neurotrophic activity to immunologic diseases
Authors: L. Aloe, L. Bracci‐Laudiero, S. Bonini, L. Manni, Luigi Aloe
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Numerous studies published in the last 10–15 years have shown that nerve growth factor (NGF), a polypeptide originally discovered in connection with its neurotrophic activity, also acts on cells of the immune system. NGF has been found in various immune organs including the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus, and cells such as mast cells, eosinophils, and B and T cells. The circulating levels of NGF increase in inflammatory responses, in various autoimmune diseases, in parasitic infections, and in allergic diseases. Stress‐related events both in animal models and in man also result in an increase of NGF, suggesting that this molecule is involved in neuroendocrine functions. The rapid release of NGF is part of an alerting signal in response to either psychologically stressful or anxiogenic conditions in response to homeostatic alteration. Thus, the inflammation and stress‐induced increase in NGF might alone or in association with other biologic mediators induce the activation of immune cells during immunologic insults. A clearer understanding of the role of NGF in these events may be useful to identify the mechanisms implicated in certain neuroimmune and immune dysfunctions.
A CASE IN WHICH ENTEROSPASM WAS A PRONOUNCED FEATURE, NECESSITATING ABDOMINAL SECTION FOUR TIMES WITHIN TEN MONTHS
Authors: C. W. Dean
Journal: BMJ (1909)

ENTEROSPASM' NECESSITATING ABDOMINAL SECTION.[Tim iuo 647 in the interscapular region; (3) the instinctive adoption of the prone position, with leaning forward, to relieve the epiaastric pain; (4) the absence of pain around the umbilicus and below it.
Narrative of an Instance of Cure of Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: J. Hutchinson
Journal: BMJ (1885)

study how much of diversion and limitation of epidemics can be secured by their artificial and preliminary introduction into some part other than that which it seems their habit to attack with virulence.How much of the modified effect is owing to mode of introduction rather than to attenuation?3. Still, further, if changes can so be wrought in systems as to make them unreceptive of diseases, as we know to be the fact with many ail- ments, cannot and do not quinine, alcohol, potassium-chloride, ferric chloride, and other antimicrophytes, antizootics, or antiseptics, cause the blood and tissues to be protected from the invasion while there is exposure thereto, and so may we not prevent epidemics ?We now know, by actual experiments and observation, that we can see the blood-corpuscles multiplying during the administration of iron, and can, with small doses of quinine, potassium-chloride, arsenic, etc., have the sustained presence of these in the blood.There is good reason for thinking that, during such presence, the blood and tissues
P3-07-06: Prognostic Utility of Upfront Nodal Staging Prior to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: The UAB Experience.
Authors: KS Keene, Los Santos JF De, H Krontiras, B Hinton, R Meredith, Y Li, JT Carpenter, K Bland, A Forero
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Controversy exists regarding the prognostic utility of upfront lymph node staging in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This retrospective study explores whether upfront verses outback nodal staging influenced locoregional control and survival endpoints. Methods: Between 1999 and 2005 one hundred and fifteen patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at UAB were identified. Patient, tumor, and treatment variables were recorded. Timing of nodal assessment was based on either surgeon preference or stipulated upfront per several clinical protocols. Survival was measured using the Kaplan Meier statistics. Univariate and multivariate analyses of covariates associated with local-regional control (LRC), progressionfree (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed. Results: Mean age was 49 years and mean follow-up was 5.8 years. Stage distribution was as follows: 40 IIA, 34 IIB, 26 IIIA, 10 IIIB, and 5 IIIC. Definitive surgery included breast conservation in 49 patients, total mastectomy in 21 and modified radical mastectomy in 44. Seventy-two patients had upfront nodal sampling before neoadjuvant therapy, 36 by fine needle assessment and the remainder by sentinel node biopsy. Forty-three patients had their nodal assessment following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Of those with upfront nodal staging: forty nine patients had a positive nodal result and 23 had negative findings. In those that were sampled at the time of definitive surgery: 21 had positive results, 21 had a negative result, and 1 patient did not have any nodes in the specimen. One hundred five patients had post-operative radiation therapy. Overall there was no difference in LRC, PFS or OS outcomes between patients that had an upfront nodal staging procedure and those that had their nodes sampled at the time of definitive surgery. Patients achieving pCR had a non-significant trend towards improved overall survival (p=0.12). Final pathologic T, N and group stage were statistically significant in determining the progression free, p=0.003, 0.011, 0.005 and overall survival, p=0.02, 0.037, and 0.009. Lymphovascular space invasion was associated with progression free survival on univariate analysis, p=0.0179, but not multivariate analysis. Other covariates including age, biologic subtype, grade, type of chemotherapy, use of radiation therapy, radiation volume, time to complete radiation therapy, and use of hormonal therapy did not affect outcomes. Discussion: Upfront as compared with outback lymph node staging did not influence locoregional control or survival endpoints. Final pathologic stage and not initial clinical stage remains the most important prognostic factor associated with survival. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-06.
Serum eosinophil granule proteins predict asthma risk in allergic rhinitis
Authors: L. P. Nielsen, C. G. B. Peterson, R. Dahl
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease, in which some patients will deteriorate or develop asthma. It is important to characterize these patients, thereby offering the possibility for prevention. This study evaluated eosinophil parameters as potential indicators of deteriorating allergic airway disease.The subjects of the study included all patients who suffered seasonal allergic rhinitis and had participated in a study 6 years earlier, in which blood eosinophils, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) serum eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), nasal lavage ECP and nasal lavage EPO levels were measured. Patients in the present study were interviewed on occurrence of rhinitis symptoms during the last season, rhinitis outside season, asthma-like symptoms and asthma diagnosis, and were skin-prick tested for common aeroallergens. Eosinophil parameters from the study 6 years earlier were then tested for the ability to predict occurrence of new allergies, worsening of rhinitis and occurrence of asthma.Forty-four patients participated in the study. In four patients seasonal rhinitis symptoms had deteriorated, 10 had experienced perennial rhinitis symptoms, 14 reported asthma-like symptoms and seven had been diagnosed with asthma. Thirteen had developed additional sensitization. Patients developing asthma-like symptoms compared with patients with no such symptoms had significantly higher serum ECP (16.7 microg/l vs 8.2 microg/l; P < or = 0.01) and serum EPO (17.9 microg/l vs 8.8 microg/l; P < or = 0.05). Results were similar, considering patients diagnosed with asthma. Blood eosinophils and nasal lavage parameters were not related to development of asthma and asthma-like symptoms. No eosinophil parameter was related to deterioration of rhinitis or additional sensitization.Serum ECP and EPO in patients with seasonal rhinitis demonstrated a high predictive ability for later development of asthma.
Identification of a new Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C clone from Anhui province, China
Authors: Zhujun Shao, Wei Li, Jun Ren, Xiaofeng Liang, Li Xu, Baowei Diao, Machao Li, Meijuan Lu, Hongyu Ren, Zhigang Cui, Bingqing Zhu, Zhenwei Dai, Li Zhang, Xia Chen, Biao Kan, Jianguo Xu
Journal: The Lancet (2006)
New body set up to monitor introduction of computer system into NHS
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Harry Cayton, director of patients and the public in the NHS, is to head a new body that aims to ensure that the public and NHS staff get the most out of the new computer systems that are being introduced as part of the National Programme for IT.

The Care Record Development Board will gather the views of patients and clinical and non-clinical staff through 60 or so action teams that will operate primarily as a virtual network through the board's website, explained Mr Cayton, …
Drug Therapy for Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Robert M. Swift
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Alcohol dependence is a chronic disorder that results from a variety of genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors.1 As defined by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, it is characterized by increased tolerance of the effects of alcohol, impaired control over drinking, and continued drinking despite adverse consequences (Table 1).2 Alcohol dependence affects nearly 10 percent of the population and results in social problems, considerable morbidity and mortality, and high health care costs.3,4 Alcohol dependence is treated by medical, psychological, and social interventions that reduce or eliminate the desire to drink and the . . .
Metabolism of Connective Tissue in Limb Atrophy in the Rabbit
Authors: J. W. Brooke, H. G. B. Slack
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1959)

In previous experiments in adult rats (Slack, 1954(Slack, , 1955)), massive tissue atrophy was induced by denervation and femoral head dislocation of one hind limb.A study of the metabolism of total collagen, total sulphated polysaccharide, and mixed muscle protein indicated that disuse atrophy does not imply cessation of all protein or polysaccharide synthesis.After the onset of atrophy some synthesis of collagen appears to continue for at least 15 weeks.Synthesis of muscle protein continues for about 6 weeks and of sulphated polysaccharide for at least 2 weeks.The interesting finding was that at least some of the normal synthetic processes continue despite massive removal of muscle protein on July 27, 2023 by guest.
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Regulates Effector Differentiation of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells during Thymic Ontogeny
Authors: Jelena S. Bezbradica, Laura E. Gordy, Aleksandar K. Stanic, Srdjan Dragovic, Timothy Hill, Jacek Hawiger, Derya Unutmaz, Luc Van Kaer, Sebastian Joyce
Journal: Immunity (2006)
Effect of cyclooxygenase blockade on blood flow through well-developed coronary collateral vessels.
Authors: J Altman, D Dulas, R J Bache
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Collateral vessels that develop after coronary artery occlusion demonstrate perivascular inflammation, subintimal hyperplasia, and endothelial proliferation. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that these abnormalities are associated with evidence for increased production of vasodilator prostaglandins. Eight dogs were studied 4-6 months after occlusion of the anterior descending coronary artery had been performed to stimulate collateral vessel growth. At the time of study, the anterior descending coronary artery was cannulated at the site of occlusion to allow measurement of retrograde blood flow as an index of interarterial collateral flow. Injection of radioactive microspheres during the retrograde flow collection allowed determination of continuing tissue flow in the collateral-dependent zone as an index of intramural microvascular collateral flow. Retrograde and tissue flows were measured before and 20 minutes after 5 mg/kg i.v. indomethacin, a dose that caused 95 +/- 3% inhibition of the coronary vasodilation in response to a 500 micrograms intracoronary bolus of arachidonic acid. Heart rate and mean aortic pressure were not significantly altered by indomethacin, and blood flow to the normally perfused myocardial region was not changed by administration of indomethacin. However, indomethacin caused a 40 +/- 7% decrease in retrograde flow (p less than 0.01), and microvascular collateral flow to the dependent myocardium decreased by 20 +/- 10% (p less than 0.05). These data indicate that, unlike the normal coronary circulation, well-developed coronary collateral vessels are under the tonic influence of vasodilator prostaglandins.
Cardiopulmonary Hemodynamics in Chronic Lung Disease with Special Reference to Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Cardiac Catheterization Studies at Rest and on Exercise
Authors: Jerome R. Head
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This book is an excellent example of what a modern medical monograph should be. If it were not for one defect, one might consider it a classic. On the one hand it is an original, thorough, and complete study of its subject. It is presented in the context of all previous work, which is referred to throughout the text and constitutes a body of 520 references. It is a well-controlled clinical study based on three accurately defined groups of patients. The study techniques of cardiac catheterization at rest and during steady-state exercise are well worked out and examined by the author. All numerical conclusions are subjected to statistical analysis so that their degree of significance can be evaluated. The material is formulated in logical sequence and explicit detail. A summary at the end of each section and chapter serves as a means for quick access to the results and conclusions