tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug Therapy in Anaphylaxis-Reply
Authors: Milton Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1962)

To the Editor:—  The patient, who was in shock, already had been given several doses of epinephrine and still showed poor response. Corticosteroids were used as a last resort because we believed that the patient was dying and this was the ultimate we had to offer. Whereas steroids may not be immediate in their action, we had to consider that several hours would elapse after the acute emergency before the demethylchlortetracycline (Declomycin) hydrochloride would be fully metabolized or excreted from the system. In rebuttal, I doubt the statement that steroids are not immediately effective, as I have personally witnessed dramatic results after their use.  In reply to the second point, as to whether antibodies to the antibiotic from the serum of the patient were demonstrated, the answer is yes. Lederle laboratories was contacted and told of our peculiar case history the following day. This was the first such occurrence to
THE ADVANTAGES IN THE TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS AT THE HOT SPRINGS OF ARKANSAS.
Authors: EUGENE CARSON HAY
Journal: JAMA (1897)

My object in selecting this subject for my paper to be presented for your discussion today was for a two-fold purpose: First, to endeavor to correct many of the fallacies and erroneous ideas in regard to the Springs that exist in the minds of our profession who have never visited the valley. And, secondly: To outline the methods we use in the treatment of syphilis and endeavor to give valid reasons why the Hot Springs of Arkansas enjoys the reputation of being such a Mecca to all syphilitic subjects. Physicians abroad (at least a preponderating majority) claim that the only virtue the Springs possess lies in the change of climate and removal from business cares, the devotion of the patient to his treatment and care of his health while there. These they claim are the sole reasons why we have such excellent success in the treatment of these cases. And
Fiddleheads and the International Normalized Ratio
Authors: W.R. Bartle, Guylaine Ferland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Myocardial Infarction in Women and MenTo the Editor: Malacrida et al. (Jan. 1 issue) 1 describe a hospital-based analysis of the outcome of acute myocardial infarction in women and men.They conclude that, after adjustment for various prognostic factors including age, there is a small independent association between female sex and early mortality and morbidity after suspected acute myocardial infarction.However, they do not refer to the study by Sonke et al., 2 who used community-based data in Auckland, New Zealand.They reported that the higher in-hospital case fatality rate in women after acute cardiac events was largely explained by the lower case fatality rate before admission to the hospital.Overall, the 28-day case fatality rate for all events was similar in men and in women.The authors suggested that there may be more sudden or early deaths among men, with the result that lower-risk men arrive at the hospital, whereas women may survive long enough to get to the hospital before dying.Their findings are supported by the World Health Organization's Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) study, 3 which used community registers in 38 countries.Of deaths occurring within 28 days after the onset of acute myocardial infarction, 37 percent occurred within 1 hour and 55 percent within 24 hours among the men, and 30 percent occurred within 1 hour and 48 percent within 24 hours among the women.Much effort has been expended in trying to explain dif-ferences in case fatality rates, whether on the basis of sex, ethnic group, or medical management, in hospitalized patients.The substantial proportion of sudden deaths with acute myocardial infarction that occur before hospitalization and their possible differential occurrence should remind us of the limitations of using hospital-based data alone, however large the numbers, in arriving at any firm conclusions about the overall prognosis of acute myocardial infarction.
Autoimmune acute liver failure: Proposed clinical and histological criteria
Authors: R. Todd Stravitz, Jay H. Lefkowitch, Robert J. Fontana, M. Eric Gershwin, Patrick S. C. Leung, Richard K. Sterling, Michael P. Manns, Gary L. Norman, William M. Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Identifying autoimmune hepatitis as the etiology of acute liver failure (ALF) is potentially important, because administering corticosteroids might avoid the need for liver transplantation. However, clinical and histological criteria of autoimmune ALF (AI-ALF) have not been defined. Liver sections (biopsies and explants) from a 72-patient subset of the ALF Study Group Registry with indeterminate ALF were reviewed by a pathologist blinded to all clinical data and were diagnosed with probable AI-ALF based on four features suggestive of an autoimmune pathogenesis: distinctive patterns of massive hepatic necrosis (present in 42% of sections), presence of lymphoid follicles (32%), a plasma cell-enriched inflammatory infiltrate (63%), and central perivenulitis (65%). Forty-two sections (58%) were considered probable for AI-ALF; this group demonstrated higher serum globulins (3.7 ± 0.2 g/dL versus 3.0 ± 0.2 g/dL; P = 0.037) and a higher prevalence of antinuclear and/or anti-smooth muscle antibodies (73% versus 48%; P = 0.034) compared to those without histology suggestive of probable AI-ALF. Thirty patients concordant for autoantibodies and probable AI-ALF upon histological analysis were more likely to have the classical autoimmune hepatitis phenotype (female predominance [72% versus 48%; P < 0.05], higher globulins [3.9 ± 0.2 g/dL versus 3.0 ± 0.2 g/dL; P < 0.005], and higher incidence of chronic hepatitis in long-term follow-up [67% versus 17%, P = 0.019]) compared to the population without concordant AI-ALF histology and autoantibodies.Patients with indeterminate ALF often have features of autoimmune disease by histological analysis, serological testing, and clinical recurrence during follow-up. In contrast to classical autoimmune hepatitis, histological features of AI-ALF predominate in the centrilobular zone.
Empirical Journey into the Measurement of Symbolic Function as a Dimension of Alexithymia
Authors: L.A. Demers-Desrosiers
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

This paper traces the author's empirical research journey into the measurement of symbolic function as a dimension of alexithymia. The archetypal test with 9 elements (AT<sub>9</sub>) is proposed as a tool to discrimnate between forms and degrees of disorganization in symbolic behavior of alexithymic subjects. The results seem to indicate that the AT<sub>9</sub> test is able to differentiate a primary from a secondary alexithymic subject.
Regional myocardial energetics during brief periods of coronary occlusion and reperfusion: comparison with S-T segment changes
Authors: C. VIAL, B. FONT, D. GOLDSCHMIDT, A. S. PEARLMAN, J. DELAYE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Journal Article Regional myocardial energetics during brief periods of coronary occlusion and reperfusion: comparison with S-T segment changes Get access C. VIAL, C. VIAL 1 From the Laboratoire de Biochimie Dynamique, Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France and the Laboratoire d'Hemodynamique, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire, Lyon, France 1Address for reprints: C. Vial, Laboratoire de Biologie et Technologie des Membranes, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard, 43 Bd. du 11 Novembre 1918, 69621 Villeurbanne, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. FONT, B. FONT From the Laboratoire de Biochimie Dynamique, Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France and the Laboratoire d'Hemodynamique, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire, Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. GOLDSCHMIDT, D. GOLDSCHMIDT From the Laboratoire de Biochimie Dynamique, Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France and the Laboratoire d'Hemodynamique, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire, Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. S. PEARLMAN, A. S. PEARLMAN From the Laboratoire de Biochimie Dynamique, Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France and the Laboratoire d'Hemodynamique, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire, Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. DELAYE J. DELAYE From the Laboratoire de Biochimie Dynamique, Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France and the Laboratoire d'Hemodynamique, Hôpital Cardiovasculaire, Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 12, Issue 8, August 1978, Pages 470–476, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/12.8.470 Published: 01 August 1978
Women Medical Missionaries.
Authors: None Mary
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Boston, Mass., Nov. 30, 1395. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —We are desirous of finding a fully qualified medical lady to go to Ceylon as a missionary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions at as early a date as possible (not later than Oct., 1896), to open the work of the Woman's Medical Mission in North Ceylon. The new buildings are in process of erection and will be completed according to the contract, furnished throughout and ready for occupancy within a few months. The Medical Mission House for the residence of the lady doctors, is large and commodious. The hospital will accommodate about forty patients. The Nurses' Training Home will accommodate sixteen nurses and a matron. Dr. Louisa H. Grieve (who is acting as a temporary supply until two permanent lady doctors can be secured for this work) has,at the branch dispensary, two days in each week, from fifty
An adult male patient with multiple adenomas and a hepatocellular carcinoma: Mild Glycogen Storage Disease type Ia
Authors: David Cassiman, Louis Libbrecht, Chris Verslype, Wouter Meersseman, Roberto Troisi, Jessica Zucman-Rossi, Hans Van Vlierberghe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)

The development of hepatocellular adenomas and - more rarely - carcinoma in the liver of patients with Glycogen Storage Disease type Ia (GSDIa) is a well-known complication of the disease. The pathophysiology of adenoma and carcinoma development in these patients is, however, hitherto largely unknown and is thought to be related to the metabolic control of the patient and/or the type of mutations in the G6PC gene. We report here on a very illustrative case of adenoma and carcinoma formation in a previously undiagnosed 42 year old male GSDIa patient (enzymatically and genetically proven). He had two episodes of mild hypoglycaemia in childhood, never required formal treatment, showed normal growth, and only mild lactate increases after prolonged starvation. He was a long-distance runner for most of his adult life, without the need for more than normal carbohydrate intake before/during exertion. To gain a better view on the type of adenoma formed in this patient, molecular studies were performed. We show here that in this patient with mild GSDIa without recurrent hypoglycaemic episodes, adenoma and carcinoma formation still occurred and that malignant transformation of adenoma here is associated with CTNNB1 mutations and a typical mRNA profile of a beta-catenin activated lesion.
Bibliography of the History of Medicine of the United States and Canada, 1939-1960
Authors: Charles G. Roland
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A rationally organized, well-indexed bibliography is a tool of utmost importance to any writer. This new publication fulfills these criteria and is invaluable to all who are actively interested in the history of medicine in the United States and Canada. The volume is a hardbound compilation of the yearly bibliographies published in the<i>Bulletin of the History of Medicine</i>since 1939. The instigator of the idea was Henry Sigerist, who edited the bibliography for 1939. From 1940 to the present, Dr. Miller has served in this capacity, except for the years 1948-1953, when Whitfield J. Bell, Jr., was the editor. From the inception of this work, volunteers have assisted the editors in their painstaking collection of data. The reviewer of a bibliography has a particular duty to refrain from picayune criticism. Pedantic searching of cobwebby corners would reveal inevitably that this compilation is not all-inclusive. While the editor will certainly
Hype from journalists and scientists
Authors: B. M Ogilvie
Journal: BMJ (1992)

The diagnosis of Marfan syndrome (MFS) relies on defined clinical criteria (Ghent nosology), outlined by international expert opinion to facilitate accurate recognition of this genetic aneurysm syndrome and to improve patient management and counselling. These Ghent criteria, comprising a set of major and minor manifestations in different body systems, have proven to work well since with improving molecular techniques, confirmation of the diagnosis is possible in over 95% of patients. However, concerns with the current nosology are that some of the diagnostic criteria have not been sufficiently validated, are not applicable in children or necessitate expensive and specialised investigations. The recognition of variable clinical expression and the recently extended differential diagnosis further confound accurate diagnostic decision making. Moreover, the diagnosis of MFS—whether or not established correctly—can be stigmatising, hamper career aspirations, restrict life insurance opportunities, and cause psychosocial burden. An international expert panel has established a revised Ghent nosology, which puts more weight on the cardiovascular manifestations and in which aortic root aneurysm and ectopia lentis are the cardinal clinical features. In the absence of any family history, the presence of these two manifestations is sufficient for the unequivocal diagnosis of MFS. In absence of either of these two, the presence of a bonafide <i>FBN1</i> mutation or a combination of systemic manifestations is required. For the latter a new scoring system has been designed. In this revised nosology, <i>FBN1</i> testing, although not mandatory, has greater weight in the diagnostic assessment. Special considerations are given to the diagnosis of MFS in children and alternative diagnoses in adults. We anticipate that these new guidelines may delay a definitive diagnosis of MFS but will decrease the risk of premature or misdiagnosis and facilitate worldwide discussion of risk and follow-up/management guidelines.
Mechanisms of the adult respiratory distress syndrome: selectins.
Authors: R K Albert
Journal: Thorax (1995)

The acute lung injury of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterised by inflammatory cell accumulation and activation in the lung.Selectins are a family of adhesion molecules implicated in leucocyte-endothelial adhesion, whose receptors can exist in a cleaved, soluble form.We investigated whether circulating soluble selectin adhesion molecules, obtained from ARDS at-risk patients, were associated with subsequent ARDS development Eighty two patients, at risk of ARDS, were enrolled from three well-defined groups (multiple trauma, pancreatitis, perforated bowel).Plasma samples were obtained on hospital presentation and soluble L, E, and P selectins were quantified with a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Fourteen patients subsequently developed ARDS.Initial plasma soluble L-selectin (sL-selectin) levels were significantly lower in patients who progressed to ARDS compared to those who did not (p = 0*0001; 95% Cl for mean in ARDS patients as percent of that in non-ARDS patients, 27-61%).Moreover concentrations were lower than in 62 normal volunteers (range 0-37-6*55, median 1 83 ugImL, n = 62), suggesting that a selective reduction of sL-selectin correlates with susceptibility.In addition, a significant correlation was found between low values of sL-selectin and indices of subsequent lung injury including requirement for ventilation (p = 0*0001) and degree of respiratory failure (p=0.0001).A significant correlation was also found between low values of sL-selectin and patient mortality (p = 0*002).These results elucidate the inflammatory cell endothelial interactions in the early stages of ARDS and may be of prognostic value.(
Effect of Meprobamate-Tridi-Hexethyl Iodide on the Uptake of Radioactive Iodine and on the Serum Protein-Bound Iodine
Authors: Stanley Slater, Marvin Numeroff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE administration to a patient of substances containing iodine may result in spurious alterations of the thyroidal uptake of iodine and the level of serum protein-bound iodine. If the physician is unaware of the prior administration of such a drug, or is not familiar with its potentialities in this regard, he may be confused by the results of such tests. With the constant production of new therapeutic agents, additional drugs are likely to be introduced that will interfere with these parameters of thyroid function. When it was noted that a preparation of meprobamate with an anticholinergic drug contained iodine, it . . .
A STUDY OF RENAL SECRETION DURING TARTRATE NEPHRITIS
Authors: Frank P. Underhill, H. Gideon Wells, Samuel Goldschmidt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

After the intravenous introduction of a solution containing sodium chloride and urea into the rabbit during pronounced tartrate nephritis, all the chloride reappears in the urine within forty-eight hours. On the other hand, the nitrogen of the urine remains far below that usually eliminated by the normal animal under the experimental conditions; in other words, little or none of the urea injected is excreted by the kidney. In the light of the histological findings these results are interpreted to mean that under normal conditions chlorides and water are passed through the glomerular mechanism, whereas urea becomes a urinary constituent by way of the convoluted tubules. These results constitute a direct confirmation of the older observations of others concerning the elimination by the kidney of the substances under discussion. No evidence was obtained that the glomerulus may take over the function of the tubular epithelium.
Recombinant Adenovirus Vectors Activate the Alternative Complement Pathway, Leading to the Binding of Human Complement Protein C3 Independent of Anti-Ad Antibodies
Authors: H. Jiang, Z. Wang, D. Serra, M.M. Frank, A. Amalfitano
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Recombinant adenoviruses are one of the most common gene transfer vectors utilized in human clinical trials, but it is also clear that systemic administration of this virus will be met by host innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses. One element of innate immunity is the complement system, a group of proteins that has evolved to rapidly recognize foreign microbes and viruses and to clear them from the circulatory system prior to their gaining entry to vulnerable host cells. Excessive complement activation can initiate or propagate a number of deleterious inflammatory responses, by release of potent cytokines and anaphylatoxins and/or by direct cellular toxicity. These reactions can progress rapidly and are factors important in serious complications, including the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Phase I Clinical Study of the Angiogenesis Inhibitor TSU-68 Combined with Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Chemotherapy-Naive Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Isamu Okamoto, Hiroshige Yoshioka, Koji Takeda, Miyako Satouchi, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Takashi Seto, Kazuo Kasahara, Masaki Miyazaki, Ryuichi Kitamura, Akio Ohyama, Noriko Hokoda, Hiroshi Nakayama, Eiji Yoshihara, Kazuhiko Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Enzyme replacement therapy for murine mucopolysaccharidosis type VII leads to improvements in behavior and auditory function.
Authors: L H O'Connor, L C Erway, C A Vogler, W S Sly, A Nicholes, J Grubb, S W Holmberg, B Levy, M S Sands
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII; Sly syndrome) is one of a group of lysosomal storage diseases that share many clinical features, including mental retardation and hearing loss. Lysosomal storage in neurons of the brain and the associated behavioral abnormalities characteristic of a murine model of MPS VII have not been shown to be corrected by either bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy. However, intravenous injections of recombinant beta-glucuronidase initiated at birth reduce the pathological evidence of disease in MPS VII mice. In this study we present evidence that enzyme replacement initiated at birth improved the behavioral performance and reduced hearing loss in MPS VII mice. Enzyme-treated MPS VII mice performed similarly to normal mice and significantly better than mock- treated MPS VII mice in every phase of the Morris Water Maze test. In addition, the auditory function of treated MPS VII mice was dramatically improved, and was indistinguishable from normal mice. These data indicate that some of the learning, memory, and hearing deficits can be prevented in MPS VII mice if enzyme replacement therapy is initiated early in life. These data also provide functional correlates to the biochemical and histopathological improvements observed after enzyme replacement therapy.
Relation of Lower-Extremity Amputation to All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in American Indians
Authors: Helaine E. Resnick, Elizabeth A. Carter, Robert Lindsay, Susan J. Henly, Frederick K. Ness, Thomas K. Welty, Elisa T. Lee, Barbara V. Howard
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—To compare risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in people with a lower-extremity amputation (LEA) attributable to diabetes and people without an LEA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The Strong Heart Study is a study of CVD and its risk factors in 13 American-Indian communities. LEA was ascertained at baseline by direct examination of the legs and feet. Mortality surveillance is complete through 2000. RESULTS—Of 2,108 participants with diabetes at baseline, 134 participants (6.4%) had an LEA. Abnormal ankle-brachial index (53%), albuminuria (87%), and long diabetes duration (mean 19.8 years) were common among diabetic subjects with LEA. Mean diabetes duration among diabetic participants without LEA and in those with toe and below-the-knee amputations was 11.9, 18.6, and 21.1 years, respectively. During 8.7 (±2.9) years of follow-up, 102 of the participants with LEA (76%) died from all causes and 35 (26%) died from CVD. Of the 1,974 diabetic participants without LEA at baseline, 604 (31%) died from all causes and 206 (10%) died from CVD. The unadjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and CVD mortality in diabetic participants with LEA compared with those without were 4.0 and 4.1, respectively. Adjusting for known and suspected confounders, LEA persisted as a predictor of all-cause (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.7–2.9) and CVD mortality (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3–2.9). We observed a significant interaction between baseline LEA and sex on CVD mortality, with female sex conferring added risk of CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS—LEA is a potent predictor of all-cause and CVD mortality in diabetic American Indians. The combination of female sex and LEA is associated with greater risk of CVD mortality than either factor alone.