tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The angiographic effect of ergonovine and nifedipine in coronary artery spasm.
Authors: S Rich, L E Ford, J Al-Sadir
Journal: Circulation (1980)

In a patient with variant angina, we have shown that the calcium-channel blocker nifedipine inhibits both spontaneous and ergonivine-induced coronary artery spasm. It had no effect, however, on the dose-related diffuse vasoconstriction caused by ergonovine, suggesting two distinct responses of coronary arteries to ergonovine provocation. Nifedipine did not cause epicardial coronary artery dilatation, as did nitroglycerin, supporting the rationale of using both therapies together to treat coronary artery spasm.
Upper Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma Following Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer
Authors: J. Huguet-P&eacute;rez, J. Palou, F. Mill&aacute;n-Rodr&iacute;guez, J. Salvador-Bayarri, H. Villavicencio-Mavrich, J. Vicente-Rodr&iacute;guez
Journal: European Urology (2001)
Childhood eczema and asthma incidence and persistence: A cohort study from childhood to middle age
Authors: John A. Burgess, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Graham B. Byrnes, Melanie C. Matheson, Lyle C. Gurrin, Cathryn L. Wharton, David P. Johns, Michael J. Abramson, John L. Hopper, E. Haydn Walters
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
An Unclassified "Unclassified" Mycobacterium
Authors: Daniel F. Keller
Journal: JAMA (1963)

An unusual unclassified mycobacterium has been repeatedly recovered over a period of years from a 46-year-old white woman with persistent respiratory symptoms and a slowly progressive pulmonary disease. Although the mycobacterium in this case was probably an opportunistic secondary invader, it appears to have played a role in the more recent progression of symptoms and roentgenographic pulmonary changes. The organism has been thoroughly studied but fails to conform fully to any of the usual subgroups of the unclassified mycobacteria as characterized in the currently employed schema. This case report emphasizes the increasing clinical and bacteriologic importance of the unclassified mycobacteria and presents a systematic approach to their identification through careful cultural, morphologic, and biochemical characterization.
Inflammatory airway diseases and clinical allergy: Inflammatory Airways Diseases and Clinical Allergy Assembly contribution to the celebration of 20 years of the ERS
Authors: G. F. Joos, P. J. Barnes
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Assembly 5 of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) is the Inflammatory Airway Diseases and Clinical Allergy Assembly and consists of three Scientific Groups: 1) Airway Pharmacology and Treatment; 2) Monitoring Airway Diseases; and 3) Allergy and Immunology. The original focus of the Assembly was mostly on asthma, but in recent years, it has increasingly begun to encompass chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A substantial number of pharmacologists and basic scientists have joined clinicians to work together to unravel mechanisms of and improve diagnosis and treatment of these common chronic airway diseases.

The Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Group focuses its activities on the pharmacology of the drugs used in asthma and COPD, and the development of scientific rationales for new drugs. The Monitoring Airway Disease Group evolved from the Airway Regulation and Provocation Group. Initially, focus was on the evaluation of bronchial responsiveness but in the past 20 years, important new technologies have developed, such as sputum induction, and measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and exhaled breath condensate for noninvasive evaluation of airways inflammation. The Allergy and Immunology Group focuses mainly on airway and lung immunology, a rapidly advancing field that is crucial to our understanding of cellular and molecular backgrounds of allergy and inflammatory airways diseases.

The majority of adult asthma patients can now be treated by a combination of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting inhaled β2-agonists. Combination inhalers are highly effective, relatively inexpensive and safe. The scientific rationale is based on knowledge derived from both basic science and landmark clinical trials, in which prominent members of our Assembly have taken the lead 1–3. More recently, the …
Primary melanocarcinoma of the lower respiratory tract.
Authors: A J Robertson, D J Sinclair, P P Sutton, W Guthrie
Journal: Thorax (1980)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The UK has an ageing population, especially in rural areas, where deprivation is high among older people. Previous research has identified this group as at high risk of poor access to healthcare. The aim of this study is to generate a theory of how socioeconomically disadvantaged older people from rural areas access primary care, to develop an intervention based on this theory and test it in a feasibility trial. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> On the basis of the MRC Framework for Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions, three methods will be used to generate the theory. First, a realist review will elucidate the patient pathway based on existing literature. Second, an analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing will be completed using structural equation modelling. Third, 15 semistructured interviews will be undertaken with patients and four focus groups with health professionals. A triangulation protocol will be used to allow each of these methods to inform and be informed by each other, and to integrate data into one overall realist theory. Based on this theory, an intervention will be developed in discussion with stakeholders to ensure that the intervention is feasible and practical. The intervention will be tested within a feasibility trial, the design of which will depend on the intervention. Lessons from the feasibility trial will be used to refine the intervention and gather the information needed for a definitive trial. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> Ethics approval from the regional ethics committee has been granted for the focus groups with health professionals and interviews with patients. Ethics approval will be sought for the feasibility trial after the intervention has been designed. Findings will be disseminated to the key stakeholders involved in intervention development, to researchers, clinicians and health planners through peer-reviewed journal articles and conference publications, and locally through a dissemination event.
S139 The role of endothelin receptors (ETRA/B) in fibrocyte differentiation
Authors: SLl Trinder, X Shi-wen, B Ahmed Abdi, CP Denton, DC Budd, DJ Abraham, AM Holmes
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Scleroderma (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease of unknown aetiology. Pulmonary involvement including the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by vascular remodelling, collagen deposition and expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes can differentiate into spindle shaped cells termed ‘fibrocytes’. Fibrocytes express haematopoietic and mesenchymal markers including collagen, and amplify inflammatory/immune responses via antigen presentation and chemokine secretion. Fibrocyte differentiation is enhanced by fibrogenic cytokines including PDGF. The role fibrocytes play in promoting PAH in SSc is unknown. <h3>Methods</h3> CD14<sup>+</sup> PBMCs were isolated from SSc and healthy donor blood. Fibrocyte differentiation in the presence of MCSF and/or ET-1 was assessed after 14 days. The effect of endothelin receptor (ETR) antagonists (selective/dual) on fibrocyte differentiation (n = 6) was investigated. SSc and control fibrocyte secretomes were assessed by ELISA (n = 6), and the effects on fibroblast-mediated gel contraction determined. <h3>Results</h3> MCSF and ET-1 alone and in combination induced fibrocyte differentiation (P &lt; 0.05). SSc fibrocytes exhibited enhanced differentiation from CD14<sup>+</sup> PBMCs than healthy control donors in response to MCSF (P &lt; 0.05), ET-1 (P &lt; 0.05) and in combination (P &lt; 0.01). ETR antagonists BQ123 (ETR<sub>A</sub>), BQ788 (ETR<sub>B</sub>) and Bosentan (ETR<sub>A/B</sub>) inhibited MCSF induced fibrocyte differentiation. CTGF secretion was elevated in SSc compared to control fibrocytes (P &lt; 0.05) cultured with MCSF. Conditioned media from SSc fibrocytes promoted gel contraction by control pulmonary fibroblasts (P &lt; 0.05). <h3>Discussion</h3> CD14<sup>+</sup> SSc PBMCs readily differentiate into fibrocytes in response to ET-1 and MCSF via ETR<sub>A</sub> and ETR<sub>B</sub>. Our data suggests fibrocytes contribute to the development of PAH in SSc via a paracrine mechanism modulating the functional activities of resident tissue fibroblasts.
Continuing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases among patients infected with HIV-1 attending genitourinary medicine clinics in England and Wales
Authors: M A Catchpole, D E Mercey, A Nicoll, P A Rogers, I Simms, J Newham, A Mahoney, J V Parry, C Joyce
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To determine whether those who are aware of being infected with HIV continue to adopt behaviours that place others at risk of HIV infection.Ongoing survey of current diagnosis of sexually transmitted disease and awareness of HIV infection among patients attending genitourinary medicine clinics.Six genitourinary medicine clinics in England and Wales (two in London and four outside) participating in unlinked anonymous HIV serosurveillance during 1990-3.All attenders having blood drawn for syphilis serology for the first time during the calendar quarter of attendance.The proportion of syphilis serology specimens with antibody to HIV-1 detected by unlinked anonymous testing of the residue. The proportion of attenders infected with HIV-1 who remained clinically undetected, and the proportion who had another recently acquired sexually transmitted disease.Of 85441 specimens tested, 2328 (2.7%) were positive for antibodies to HIV-1. About 30% of these specimens were from attenders whose HIV-1 infection remained clinically undetected. HIV-1 infection was found to coexist with another recently acquired sexually transmitted disease in 651 attenders, of whom 522 were homosexual or bisexual men. Of these, 245 (47%) already knew themselves to be infected with HIV-1. This proportion increased between 1990 and 1993.A considerable proportion of patients infected with HIV-1 are not identified by voluntary confidential HIV testing in genitourinary medicine clinics. Substantial numbers of homosexual or bisexual men attending genitourinary medicine clinics continue to practise unsafe sex despite being aware of their infection with HIV-1.
LOCALIZATION OF NON-SPECIFIC CHOLINESTERASE IN MEISSNER'S CORPUSCLES IN HUMAN SKIN.
Authors: HARRY J. HURLEY, HERBERT MESCON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1956)

Journal Article LOCALIZATION OF NON‐SPECIFIC CHOLINESTERASE IN MEISSNER'S CORPUSCLES IN HUMAN SKIN. Get access HARRY J. HURLEY, Jr. Captain, M.C., HARRY J. HURLEY, Jr. Captain, M.C. Army Medical Research Laboratory, Fort Knox, Ky Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar HERBERT MESCON, M.D. HERBERT MESCON, M.D. Dept. of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine and Evans Memorial, Massachusetts Memorial Hospitals, Boston, Mass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 68, Issue 9, 1 September 1956, Pages 290–293, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1956.tb12820.x Published: 01 September 1956
Conserved mechanism of negative gene regulation by extracellular calcium. Parathyroid hormone gene versus atrial natriuretic polypeptide gene.
Authors: T Okazaki, K Ando, T Igarashi, E Ogata, T Fujita
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

We found that a negative calcium-responsive element (nCaRE) originally reported in the human parathyroid hormone gene is conserved among several genes. The results of the present study show that expression of one of the genes, the rat atrial natriuretic polypeptide gene, was negatively regulated in the heart by extracellular calcium by using an in vivo infusion system. Moreover, transfection of the cultured cells revealed that this DNA element conferred negative regulation by extracellular calcium on the reporter gene. It is suggested that there is a gene family whose expression is negatively regulated by extracellular calcium through this conserved DNA motif, nCaRE.
The Pace of Human Gene Transfer Research Quickens
Authors: Bernadine Healy
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alterations in phospholipid N-methylation of cardiac subcellular membranes due to experimentally induced diabetes in rats.
Authors: V Panagia, Y Taira, P K Ganguly, S Tung, N S Dhalla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methylation was examined in cardiac subcellular membranes after inducing chronic experimental diabetes in rats (65 mg streptozotocin/kg, i.v.). The incorporation of radiolabeled methyl groups from S-adenosyl-L-methionine in diabetic sarcolemma was significantly depressed at all three catalytic sites (I, II, and III) of the methyltransferase system. An increase in methyl group incorporation was evident at site I without any changes at sites II and III in diabetic sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Similar changes were also seen for the individual N-methylated lipids (monomethyl-, dimethylphosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine) specifically formed at each catalytic site in all cardiac membranes from diabetic animals. These alterations in N-methylation were reversible by a 14-d insulin therapy to the diabetic animals. In the presence of 10 microM ATP and 0.1 microM Ca2+, N-methylation was maximally activated at site I in both control and diabetic sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum, but not in mitochondria. Incubation of cardiac membranes with of S-adenosyl-L-methionine showed that Ca2(+)-stimulated ATPase activities in both sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum were augmented; however, the activation of diabetic sarcolemma was lesser and that of diabetic sarcoplasmic reticulum was greater in comparison with the control preparations. These results identify alterations in phosphatidylethanolamine N-methylation in subcellular membranes from diabetic heart, and it is suggested that these defects may be crucial in the development of cardiac dysfunction in chronic diabetes.
Clinical Findings and Results of a Therapeutic Regimen in Acute Friedländer's Pneumonia
Authors: RAY A. OLSSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

Brief Communication1 May 1962Clinical Findings and Results of a Therapeutic Regimen in Acute Friedländer's PneumoniaRAY A. OLSSON, MONROE J. ROMANSKY, M.D., F.A.C.P.RAY A. OLSSONSearch for more papers by this author, MONROE J. ROMANSKY, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-5-801 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA mortality of 70 per cent in 13 patients with acute Friedländer's pneumonia was reported from this hospital in 1956 (1). The occurrence of all the deaths within 48 hours of admission emphasized the urgency of early diagnosis and the need for prompt institution of appropriate therapy. Penicillin, given in the belief that pneumococcal pneumonia was being treated, proved ineffective with this series of patients.The current series also demonstrates that the picture presented by patients with Friedländer's pneumonia is not sufficiently characteristic to permit a diagnosis solely on clinical grounds. In an attempt to achieve an earlier diagnosis, examination...References1. LIMSONROMANSKYSHEA BMMPJG An evaluation of twenty-two patients with acute and chronic pulmonary infection with Friedländer's bacillus. Ann. Intern. Med. 4 1070, 1956. Google Scholar2. KIRBYCOLEMAN WMDH: Antibiot therapy of Friedländer's pneumonia. Ame J. Med. 11: 179, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HOLMES RB: Friedländer's pneumonia. Ame J. Roentgenol. 75: 728, 1956. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RAY A. OLSSON; MONROE J. ROMANSKY, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Washington, D. C.From The George Washington University Medical Division District of Columbia Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, D. C.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Monroe J. Romansky, M.D., Department of Medicine, The George Washington University Hospital, 01 23rd Street, N.W., Washington 7, D. C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPneumonia por bacilo de FriedlanderFriedlander's PneumoniaErrors and Hazards in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bacterial PneumoniasJONAS A. SHULMAN, M.D., LEON A. PHILLIPS, M.D., ROBERT G. PETERSDORF, M.D., F.A.C.P.Clinical Observations of Acute Friedländer PneumoniaFELICE MANFREDI, M.D., WALTER J. DALY, M.D., ROY H. BEHNKE, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 May 1962Volume 56, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 801-804KeywordsChloramphenicolHospital medicineMortalityPenicillinPneumonia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
The antiperinuclear factor and the so-called antikeratin antibodies are the same rheumatoid arthritis-specific autoantibodies.
Authors: M Sebbag, M Simon, C Vincent, C Masson-Bessière, E Girbal, J J Durieux, G Serre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The so-called antikeratin antibodies (AKA) and the antiperinuclear factor (APF) are the most specific serological markers of RA. Using indirect immunofluorescence, AKA label the stratum corneum of various cornified epithelia and APF the keratohyalin granules of human buccal mucosa epithelium. We recently demonstrated that AKA recognize human epidermal filaggrin. Here, we report the identification of the major APF antigen as a diffuse protein band of 200-400 kD. This protein is seen to be closely related to human epidermal (pro) filaggrin since it was recognized by four antifilaggrin mAbs specific for different epitopes, and since the APF titers of RA sera were found to be correlated to their AKA titers and to their immunoblotting reactivities to filaggrin. Immunoabsorption of RA sera on purified epidermal filaggrin abolished their reactivities to the granules of buccal epithelial cells and to the 200-400-kD antigen. Moreover, antifilaggrin autoantibodies, i.e., AKA, affinity purified from RA sera, were shown to immunodetect the 200-400-kD antigen and to stain these granules. These results indicate that AKA and APF are largely the same autoantibodies. They recognize human epidermal filaggrin and (pro) filaggrin-related proteins of buccal epithelial cells. Identification of the epitopes recognized by these autoantibodies, which we propose to name antifilaggrin autoantibodies, will certainly open new paths of research into the pathophysiology of RA.
Changes in gut function during hibernation: implications for bowel transplantation and surgery
Authors: H V CAREY
Journal: Gut (2001)

Organ transplantation has become routine in many centres throughout the world. Although success rates for intestinal transplantation are generally lower than for other organs, it is still high enough to warrant this form of therapy for patients with short bowel syndrome or other untreatable bowel diseases. Much of the success in transplantation is due to the impact of immunosuppressive drugs as well as the development of new surgical techniques and new methods of organ preservation. The intestine has been preserved successfully for about 24 hours, as judged by in vitro viability assessment1 and by survival after transplantation.2 However, problems associated with extended cold storage, ischaemia/reperfusion injury, and immunological rejection of grafts still limit the optimal use of intestinal transplantation. The benefit of hypothermic organ preservation is generally attributed to the reduction in oxygen and nutrient demands and in the rates of potentially damaging enzyme catalysed reactions. However, lack of oxygen in cold stored organs gradually leads to a time dependent loss of ATP, with rates of degradative reactions exceeding biosynthesis. In addition, prolonged hypothermia alters cell structure (for example, cytoskeletal proteins), reduces ion pump activity, and slows ATP synthesis. These changes, coupled with oxidative stress secondary to ischaemia-reperfusion injury and immunological factors, eventually lead to loss of metabolic control and critical membrane functions that compromise organ survival on reperfusion. The result for the cold stored transplanted bowel is too often mucosal destruction, loss of absorptive and barrier function, and eventual graft rejection.

Improvements in intestinal preservation could increase organ availability and perhaps more importantly the likelihood that a transplant is successful. To this end, novel insights may be found in animals that naturally experience extreme changes in physiology, particularly hypoxia and hypothermia. Mammalian hibernators offer the unique opportunity to examine what is essentially Nature's version of organ preservation. …
Variation in genome-wide mutation rates within and between human families
Authors: Donald F Conrad, Jonathan E M Keebler, Mark A DePristo, Sarah J Lindsay, Yujun Zhang, Ferran Casals, Youssef Idaghdour, Chris L Hartl, Carlos Torroja, Kiran V Garimella, Martine Zilversmit, Reed Cartwright, Guy A Rouleau, Mark Daly, Eric A Stone, Matthew E Hurles, Philip Awadalla
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Imaging Progression in Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Ronald Perrone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a condition characterized by massively enlarged kidneys containing fluid-filled cysts, profoundly affects those who inherit one of the known genes that cause the disease. Mutations in the polycystic kidney disease 1 gene (PKD1), located on chromosome 16, account for approximately 85 percent of cases; the remaining 15 percent are due to mutations in the polycystic kidney disease 2 gene (PKD2), located on chromosome 4.1 Progressive kidney dysfunction, hypertension, abdominal and flank pain, gross hematuria, and nephrolithiasis are frequently observed in this condition. Extrarenal manifestations that include intracranial aneurysms, hepatic cysts, . . .