tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Varicoceles
Authors: Robert A. Price
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article on "Balloon Occlusion of the Internal Spermatic Vein for the Treatment of Varicoceles" by Patrick C. Walsh, MD, and Robert I. White, MD (1981; 246:1701), is indeed interesting. This technique of using a detachable balloon to occlude the internal spermatic vein to cure varicocele is ingenious and obviously effective. However, I would take issue with the statement, "This procedure can be performed easily, without general anesthesia or surgical incision, on an outpatient basis." For expertly trained radiologists, this procedure may be performed easily, but for the average physician or surgeon, this is not a simple maneuver and would be difficult to perform. It appears to me that this mechanism is much more complicated than the simple ligation of the internal spermatic vein at the internal inguinal ring that cures most varicoceles readily. This can be done in any outpatient surgery under local or general anesthesia
THE HISTORY AND ETIOLOGY OF "MIGRAINE."
Authors: GEORGE M. GOULD
Journal: JAMA (1904)

<h3>The Eye and Migraine.</h3> —Forseveral thousand years the observation has been unconsciously persisted in that the cephalalgia is not a head-pain, but an eye-pain. Few or none in any definite way noticed that it was produced by near-use of the eyes, and none that the various extensions to other parts and organs, the intensifications of the pain, and the masking under a hundred other protean disguises, were also products of continued and increased eyestrain. But there was never any failure of the necessity to notice the implication of the ocular factor. The most noteworthy after the eye-pain was, of course, scintillating scotoma. The seat of this strange disorder has been placed in every part of the visual apparatus from the retina to the ultimate of the visual center.<sup>1</sup>Piorry's theories of "monophthalmalgia" or "iralgia," or of an affection of peripheral nerves of the eye, was followed by Brewster's thought that the
Identification of novel HLA-A*0201-restricted epitopes from anterior gradient-2 as a tumor-associated antigen against colorectal cancer
Authors: Hyun Ju Lee, Cheol Yi Hong, Chun-Ji Jin, Mi-Hyun Kim, Youn-Kyung Lee, Thanh-Nhan Nguyen-Pham, Hyunah Lee, Byoung Chul Park, Ik-Joo Chung, Hyeoung-Joon Kim, Je-Jung Lee
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2012)
Farmer's Lung: a Review of Present Knowledge
Authors: C. J. Fuller
Journal: Thorax (1953)

Farmer's lung " was originally described in Britain by Campbell of Grange-over-Sands, Lan- cashire, in 1932.In 1936 and 1938 Fawcitt, who also lived in the North-West of England, published papers describing the condition, and came to the conclusion that it was due to an actual broncho- mycosis, producing as evidence that he was able to culture moulds from the sputa of affected farm- workers.Duncan, in 1945, stated that he was not impressed by the bronchomycotic hypothesis, but Tornell, on the other hand, in 1946, published eight cases of " thresher's lung " which he believed to be due to moniliasis of the bronchial tract.My interest in the condition was first aroused by Fawcitt's original paper in 1936, and I collected several undoubted cases over the next six years.Unfortunately all these records were lost in 1942 as a result of air raids, and it was not until the post- war years that it was possible to give further time and attention to the condition.
Erythropoietic protoporphyria, transfusion therapy and liver disease
Authors: D.J. TODD, M.E. CALLENDER, E.E. MAYNE, M. WALSH, D. BURROWS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

A 28‐year‐old man who had suffered from erythropoietic protoporphyria since infancy was referred because of worsening photosensitivity. Conventional therapy with β‐carotene, terfenadine and topical sunscreens was ineffective or not tolerated, and he was treated with transfusions of washed packed cells. Unexpectedly, his photosensitivity deteriorated further, his whole blood protoporphyrin levels doubled and he developed abnormal liver function tests. This is the first report of such an adverse response to blood transfusion therapy for erythropoietic protoporphyria and may have been related to subclinical hepatitis or the increased iron load associated with blood transfusion.
Gradient high performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of ilaprazole and its related impurities in commercial tablets
Authors: Shang Wang, Dong Zhang, Yingli Wang, Xiaohong Liu, Yan Liu, Lu Xu
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014)

A methodology (HPLC) proposed in this paper for simultaneously quantitative determination of ilaprazole and its related impurities in commercial tablets was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was carried out by gradient elution using an Agilent C8 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) which was maintained at 25 °C. The mobile phase composed of solvent A (methanol) and solvent B (solution consisting 0.02 mmol/l monopotassium phosphate and 0.025 mmol/l sodium hydroxide) was at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The samples were detected and quantified at 237 nm using an ultraviolet absorbance detector. Calibration curves of all analytes from 0.5 to 3.5 μg/ml were good linearity (r ≥ 0.9990) and recovery was greater than 99.5% for each analyte. The lower limit of detection (LLOD) and quantification (LOQ) of this analytical method were 10 ng/ml and 25 ng/ml for all impurities, respectively. The stress studies indicated that the degradation products could not interfere with the detection of ilaprazole and its related impurities and the assay can thus be considered stability-indicating. The method precisions were in the range of 0.41–1.21 while the instrument precisions were in the range of 0.38–0.95 in terms of peak area RSD% for all impurities, respectively. This method is considered stability-indicating and is applicable for accurate and simultaneous measuring of the ilaprazole and its related impurities in commercial enteric-coated tablets.
Effect of increased adrenergic activity on the relationship between electrical and mechanical systole.
Authors: H Boudoulas, P Geleris, R P Lewis, C V Leier
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The effect of catecholamines and atrial pacing on the relationship between electrical systole (QT) and mechanical systole (QS2) was studied in 12 normal subjects and in 32 patients. The studied subjects were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 12 normal subjects in whom serial isoproterenol infusions were performed before and after oral propranolol administration, 160 mg daily for 2 days. During the 24-hour control period, the QT was always shorter than the QS2 (from 14 +/- 3 to 19 +/- 4 msec, p less than 0.01), while during isoproterenol infusion the QT was always greater than the QS2 (from 28 +/- 5 to 34 +/- 5 msec, p less than 0.01). Group 2 included 26 patients in whom 24-hour urinary epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) were measured the same day as systolic time interval measurements. The E + NE was higher in patients in whom the QT was longer than the QS2 compared with patients in whom the QT was the same or shorter than QS2 (107 +/- 9 vs 61 +/- 7 microgram/24 hours, p less than 0.05). Group 3 included six patients in whom the heart rate was increased with atrial pacing, from 80 to 130 beats/min. The QT was always shorter than the QS2 (from 13 +/- 3 to 24 +/- 5 msec, p less than 0.01). Adrenergic stimulation results in a relative prolongation of the QT with the QS2 shortening and the QT remaining unaffected. The QT is normally shorter than the QS2, so the duration of QT should always be considered in relationship to the duration of QS2. Finally, a reversal of the normal QT-Qs2 relationship may provide a simple index of increased adrenergic activity.
Baseline serum cholestanol as predictor of recurrent coronary events in subgroup of Scandinavian simvastatin survival study
Authors: T. A Miettinen, H. Gylling, T. Strandberg, S. Sarna
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To investigate whether baseline serum cholestanol:cholesterol ratio, which is negatively related to cholesterol synthesis, could predict reduction of coronary events in the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study. <b>Design:</b> Follow up of patients with coronary heart disease in whom baseline ratios were related to major coronary events. <b>Setting:</b> Four universities in Finland. <b>Subjects:</b> A subgroup of 868 patients with coronary heart disease selected from the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study. <b>Intervention:</b> Treatment with simvastatin or placebo. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Serum concentrations of low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, total triglyceride concentration, and cholesterol:cholestanol ratio. Major coronary events. <b>Results:</b> With increasing baseline quarter of cholestanol distribution the reduction in relative risk increased gradually from 0.623 (95% confidence interval 0.395 to 0.982) to 1.166 (0.791 to 1.72). The risk of recurrence of major coronary events increased 2.2-fold (P&lt;0.01) by multiple logistic regression analysis between the lowest and highest quarter of cholestanol. The ratio of cholestanol was related inversely to the body mass index and directly to high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations but their quarters of distribution were not related to risk reduction. <b>Conclusions:</b> Measurement of serum cholestanol concentration revealed a subgroup of patients with coronary heart disease in whom coronary events were not reduced by simvastatin treatment. Thus, patients with high baseline synthesis of cholesterol seem to be responders whereas those with low synthesis of cholesterol are non-responders.
Chernobyl: The Real Story
Authors: Andrew M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<b>The Social Impact of the Chernobyl Disaster,</b>by David R. Marples, 313 pp, $14.95, New York, NY, St Martin's Press, 1988. The soot-black and intensely radioactive plume of smoke from the burning Chernobyl reactor in April 1986 has served as a Rorschach inkblot test, as commentators worldwide read a spectrum of lessons about nuclear power and weapons, state secrecy, and emergency preparedness into its hazy outlines. The relative inaccessibility of Soviet society and literature and the special nature of radiation accidents in the mind of the public and media have further fueled speculation in the West. Two recent texts, written from quite different perspectives, have examined the accident in valuable detail. The confidently titled<i>Chernobyl: The Real Story</i>is written by a radiation insider, Richard Mould, who is a noted health physicist and radiation historian, as well as a technical adviser to the International Atomic Energy Agency. In this superbly
CD4 downregulation by memory CD4+ T cells in vivo renders African green monkeys resistant to progressive SIVagm infection
Authors: Coreen M Beaumier, Levelle D Harris, Simoy Goldstein, Nichole R Klatt, Sonya Whitted, John McGinty, Cristian Apetrei, Ivona Pandrea, Vanessa M Hirsch, Jason M Brenchley
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
Regeneration of the un-embolized liver parenchyma following portal vein embolization
Authors: Koichiro Yamakado, Kan Takeda, Kaname Matsumura, Atsuhiro Nakatsuka, Tadanori Hirano, Noriyuki Kato, Hajime Sakuma, Tsuyoshi Nakagawa, Yoshifumi Kawarada
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Assessment of Competency: The Role of Neurobehavioral Deficits
Authors: Morris Freedman, Donald T. Stuss, Michael Gordon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

We present a practical set of guidelines for assessing competency in patients with cognitive deficits due to neurologic disorders such as stroke, head injury, Alzheimer disease, and multi-infarct dementia. Our focus is the evaluation of cognitive processes underlying the ability to make competent decisions, with an emphasis on the identification of areas of preserved function that may be used to bypass intellectual deficits. The assessment of the cognitive processes underlying competency involves a series of steps designed to evaluate attention, language, memory, and frontal lobe function. The examiner must first show that the patient has an adequate level of attention for participation in the further testing of specific cognitive functions; second, that the patient is able to comprehend relevant instructions, retain information long enough to evaluate it in relation to relevant recent and remote experiences, and express his or her wishes; and finally, that the patient has sufficiently intact judgment and awareness. The examiner must determine whether the patient's preserved cognitive abilities are sufficient for him or her to make an adequate judgment in relation to the specific question being asked. If cognitive function is found to be significantly impaired, the examiner should do a detailed assessment for the presence of compensatory abilities that can be used to bypass the deficits. For example, the examiner should assess whether patients who cannot speak are still able to express their wishes by pointing, using gesture, or even by drawing pictures. Unless such an assessment has been done, patients should not be considered incompetent.
Short-Acting β-Blocker Administration in Patients With Septic Shock
Authors: Diego Orbegozo Cortés, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Jean-Louis Vincent
Journal: JAMA (2014)

To the Editor The study by Dr Morelli and colleagues1 evaluated the effect of short-acting β-blocker (esmolol) administration in patients with septic shock; however, we have some problems with their interpretation of the results.
Serum Creatine Phosphokinase MB Fraction in Newborns with Transient Tricuspid Insufficiency
Authors: Robert M. Nelson, Richard L. Bucciarelli, Donald V. Eitzman, Edmund A. Egan, Ira H. Gessner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

RECENTLY, we reported 14 term newborn infants affected by severe perinatal stress who subsequently manifested cyanosis, congestive heart failure and transient murmurs of tricuspid insufficiency.1 The clinical picture, including the ST-segment and T-wave changes on the electrocardiogram, and the constant history of perinatal asphyxia, suggested to us that the hypoxic stress that these infants encountered led to a generalized myocardial dysfunction syndrome similar to that described by Burnard and James,2 and Rowe and Hoffman.3 Furthermore, post-mortem examination of the two patients in our series who died showed extensive patchy necrosis of the anterior papillary muscle of the tricuspid valve. The . . .
Differential Diagnosis of Transient Amnesia
Authors: P. B. Croft, K. W. G. Heathfield, M. Swash
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In a group of 39 consecutive patients attending neurological clinics with transient amnesia patients with transient global amnesia formed the largest group; others suffered from epilepsy, migraine, temporal lobe encephalitis, or psychogenic fugues. In most cases the clinical features suggested the aetiology, but an electroencephalogram recorded as soon after the attack as possible may help in distinguishing amnesia due to temporal lobe epilepsy.
Messinian Salinity Crisis and the Origin of Freshwater Lifestyle in Western Mediterranean Gobies
Authors: E. Penzo, G. Gandolfi, L. Bargelloni, L. Colombo, T. Patarnello
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

The present paper reports on a molecular study based on 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA mitochondrial genes partly sequenced in 13 species of western Mediterranean gobies, three of which are strictly freshwater-dwelling. A total of 867 bp were aligned and used for the phylogenetic reconstruction. Two major lineages were identified, one clustering the sand gobies in a monophyletic clade. Relationships among taxa based on sequence analysis only partly match those based on morphological criteria, suggesting that the latter are somehow insufficient to correctly establish phylogenetic relationships within this family. The results provide evidence for a multiple independent evolution of the freshwater lifestyle in Knipowitschia and Padogobius lineages. On the basis of the present results, it is uncertain whether the freshwater preference within the genus Padogobius originated twice independently in P. nigricans and P. martensii or only once in their common ancestor. Estimation of the ages of the two major lineages of this group of fish with a molecular clock (in combination with the construction of a linearized tree) suggests that they are much older (at least 40 Myr) than previously thought. Thus, there should be no correlation between their diversification and the Miocene-Pliocene geological events, including the so-called Messinian salinity crisis, which occurred about 10 MYA and is believed to have played a role in their evolution. Alternatively, these gobies would have an evolutionary rate at least fourfold faster than those of other vertebrates.
Sclerotherapy vs. Distal splenorenal shunt in the elective treatment of variceal hemorrhage: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Josep Terés, Josep M. Bordas, Dolores Bravo, Josep Visa, Luis Grande, Juan Carlos Garcia-Valdecasas, Cristóbal Pera, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

One hundred and twelve consecutive Child Class A and B cirrhotic patients were included in a prospective controlled trial aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sclerotherapy vs. distal splenorenal shunt in the elective treatment of hemorrhage from esophagogastric varices. Fifty-seven patients were randomly allocated to splenorenal shunt and 55 to endoscopic sclerotherapy. Since only 4 of the 55 patients assigned to endoscopic sclerotherapy had to be excluded after randomization and before treatment as compared to 14 of the 57 patients assigned to splenorenal shunt, it is suggested that the applicability of endoscopic sclerotherapy is greater than that of splenorenal shunt. One patient in each group died within 30 days of the procedure and two in the endoscopic sclerotherapy group were lost to follow-up just after discharge. Variceal rebleeding during follow-up occurred in 37.5% (18/48) of patients in the endoscopic sclerotherapy group and in 14.3% of those in the splenorenal shunt group (6/42) (p &lt;0.02), whereas hepatic encephalopathy was more frequent in patients submitted to splenorenal shunt (10/42, 24%) than in those treated by endoscopic sclerotherapy (4/48, 8%) (p &lt;0.05). The therapeutic modality was the only variable with independent predictive value for rebleeding during follow-up, whereas for hepatic encephalopathy, the therapeutic modality, and the presence of encephalopathy related to the bleeding episode each showed independent predictive value. Early and long-term mortality, did not differ between the two therapeutic groups, being the 2-year survival was 71% for splenorenal shunt and 68% for endoscopic sclerotherapy. It is concluded that endoscopic sclerotherapy is a good alternative to splenorenal shunt in the elective treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding, especially in patients prone to develop hepatic encephalopathy.
Serpentine Supravenous Fluorouracil Hyperpigmentation
Authors: William J. Hrushesky
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A 56-year-old black man with stage D carcinoma of the prostate was treated with weekly fluorouracil doses of 750 mg/sq m for 24 consecutive weeks. The total dose of fluorouracil received was 27 gm. A good partial remission was attained. Little hematologic and no gastrointestinal or central nervous system toxicity were experienced. The patient did experience nasal mucosal friability and diffuse hyperpigmentation of face and hands. Markedly increased pigmentation of skin immediately overlying veins used for multiple fluorouracil infusions was noted. Many irregular dark streaks were found on the patient's left upper extremity, extending from the hand or distal forearm to the shoulder. These dark streaks were 1.0 to 1.5 cm wide and were serpiginous in their course (Figure). When a tourniquet was placed around the arm, it became obvious that each of these hyperpigmented bands overlay a vein into which one or more doses of fluorouracil
Antibiotic-resistant gonococci.
Authors: P S Silver, W M Darling
Journal: BMJ (1972)

increased serum F.D.P. levels in women with clinically significant menorrhagia, as compared with those in women without abnormal menstrual symptoms.Further studies being undertaken indicate that raised serum F.D.P. levels found in women with menorrhagia are often associated with in- creased levels of fibrin monomer complexes in the blood.Thus raised serum F.D.P. levels in women complaining of menorrhagia may be a manifestation of exaggerated intravascular microcoagulation associated with secondary fibrinolytic activity.-Iam, etc.,
1187 ABT-450/RITONAVIR (ABT-450/R) COMBINED WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON ALPHA-2A/RIBAVIRIN AFTER 3-DAY MONOTHERAPY IN GENOTYPE 1 (GT1) HCV-INFECTED TREATMENT-NAIVE SUBJECTS: 12-WEEK SUSTAINED VIROLOGIC RESPONSE (SVR12) AND SAFETY RESULTS
Authors: E. Lawitz, F. Poordad, E. DeJesus, K. Kowdley, I. Gaultier, D. Cohen, W. Xie, L. Larsen, T. Pilot-Matias, R.M. Menon, T. Podsadecki, B. Bernstein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Operative Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Katherine K. Hamming
Journal: JAMA (2009)

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