tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anticardiolipin antibodies in drug addicted patients with AIDS.
Authors: J Rivera, I Monteagudo, J Lopez-Longo, E Maldonado, L Carreno
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

Diffuse CREST ControlsSystemic sclerosis Plasma von Wilebrandfactor antigen concentrations.Each point represents one patient or control.The bar is the median value.of a higher von Willebrand factor antigen in patients with diffuse disease suggests endothe- lial cell damage may be more extensive and active in this group.The extent of vascular injury as shown by von Willebrand factor antigen concentrations may be regarded as a prognostic marker in these disorders.
Abstract A11: Cyclosporin A promotes tumor angiogenesis in a calcineurin-independent manner by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species
Authors: Alice Yao Zhou, Sandra W. Ryeom
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The commonly used immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA), a potent calcineurin inhibitor, significantly increases the incidence of cancer in organ transplant patients. Calcineurin signaling is an important mediator of VEGF signaling in endothelial cells. Negative regulation of calcineurin by its endogenous inhibitor, Down Syndrome Candidate Region-1 (DSCR1), suppresses tumor growth and angiogenesis, in contrast to the effect observed after long-term CsA treatment. Despite the significance of calcineurin signaling in endothelial cells, the consequences of CsA on tumor angiogenesis has not been investigated. Using an in vivo model of skin carcinogenesis, we show that long-term CsA treatment promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis. Treatment of endothelial cells in vitro with CsA increases proliferation and migration in a calcineurin-independent manner and is associated with increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Co-treatment with antioxidants significantly abrogated CsA-induced endothelial cell activation. Furthermore, mice treated with antioxidants were protected against CsA-mediated tumor progression. Taken together, these findings show that CsA functions independent of calcineurin to potentiate tumor growth by promoting tumor angiogenesis via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. This work identifies a previously undescribed mechanism underlying a significantly adverse off-target effect of CsA and suggests that co-treatment with antioxidants may inhibit the tumor promoting effects of CsA. Citation Format: Alice Yao Zhou, Sandra W. Ryeom. Cyclosporin A promotes tumor angiogenesis in a calcineurin-independent manner by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A11. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-A11
ON THE CAUSATION OF PARENCHYMATOUS NEPHRITIS
Authors: G. W. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1912)

PARENCHYMATOUS NEPHRITIS.r "sO .3.A 823The arrangement permits of the use of an ordinary diaper.The rubber rings do not cause noticeable pro- jection when worn under ordinary clothing, as they take uip a position below the gluteal folds wlien the patient is standing.When a good-fitting model has been obtained it is as well to lhave at least half a dozen made, as the pair of FRONr.A BCK.. rubber riugs can be transferredl froml onie gal inmnt to aiiotlier in a minute, and thlus a clean one Caii be used daily.I liave founld decided relief from-l the severe pain of coceydynia has resulted in sulch cases as I have described, and the.plan m-light.be worth a trial by others who lhave greater opportunities for testing it than I lhave.I lhave deposited my model with Messrs. Linidsey and Sons, instrument makeirs,
Antimicrobial Drug Usage in General Hospitals in Pennsylvania
Authors: EDWARD H. KASS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The Inter-Society Committee on Antimicrobial Drug Usage has conducted a survey of 20 randomly selected general hospitals in Pennsylvania. Records studied were of 5288 patients who either died or were discharged on 10 random days throughout 1974. About 28% of these patients received at least one antimicrobial drug during hospitalization. In 60% of the patients the drugs were given for treatment of infectious disease; in 30% they were given as prophylaxis for surgical or nonsurgical procedures. Prophylactic treatment was given for more than 2 days after a procedure in most cases, even though it is not considered effective after 48 h. Discontinuing prophylaxis after 48 h would reduce by 20% the use of antimicrobial drugs in hospitals. Overall, ampicillin and the cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed drugs, with the more toxic drugs being used infrequently; over half of the patients given antimicrobial drugs had cultures taken. Both of these findings are consistent with accepted standards for antimicrobial drug usage.
Fumbled Handoffs: One Dropped Ball after Another
Authors: Tejal K. Gandhi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Missed follow-up of abnormal test results and resultant delays in diagnosis is a safety issue that is gaining increasing attention. Despite increases in the numbers and types of available diagnostic tests, current systems in health care do not reliably ensure that test results are received and acted upon by ordering physicians. This article examines the case of a patient whose diagnosis of tuberculosis was substantially delayed because of systems problems, including poor continuity (with multiple-provider involvement), lack of communication of test results and other clinical information, and several handoffs. Strategies to ensure adequate communication of critical information and follow-up of test results are discussed, such as explicit criteria for communication of abnormal results, test-tracking systems for ordering providers, and use of information technologies.
1212 EXPOSURE-RESPONSE ANALYSES OF PEGYLATED INTERFERON LAMBDA (LAMBDA, BMS-914143) IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HCV INFECTION: DOSE SELECTION FOR PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIALS
Authors: X. Wang, P. Chan, A. Ahmad, J. Freeman, A. Horga, J. Hillson, J.C. Lopez-Talavera, V. Kansra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Reduced diversity in the early fecal microbiota of infants with atopic eczema
Authors: Mei Wang, Caroline Karlsson, Crister Olsson, Ingegerd Adlerberth, Agnes E. Wold, David P. Strachan, Paolo M. Martricardi, Nils Åberg, Michael R. Perkin, Salvatore Tripodi, Anthony R. Coates, Bill Hesselmar, Robert Saalman, Göran Molin, Siv Ahrné
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Microwave Tissue Coagulation Applied Clinically in Endoscopic Surgery
Authors: K. Tabuse, M. Katsumi, Y. Nagai, Y. Kobayashi, H. Noguchi, H. Egawa, O. Aoyama, K. Mori, H. Yamaue, Y. Azuma, T. Tsuzi
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

On the basis of the ample basic knowledge acquired by repeated experiments, we applied our microwave tissue coagulator in endoscopic surgery, in a total of 59 patients with benign and malignant lesions encountered during a period of two years beginning in July, 1981. Hemostasis was achieved in 96.5% of all the cases with bleeding lesions in the digestive tract. Stenosis was alleviated in 86% of the cases with esophageal or rectal stenosis. Furthermore, the technique was successfully used for hemostasis and tumor reduction in inoperable early cancer cases. Our device is unique in that the electrode is thrust into tissue, which assures us of a satisfactory result. In this point, it must be clearly distinguished from an electrocoagulator or a laser coagulator, which is associated with a risk of injuring intact tissue. The range of coagulation is adjustable by changing the length of the monopolar antenna and electric output, and by employing a coaxial cable of appropriate thickness. In conclusion, our microwave tissue coagulator can be used easily and safely in clinical endoscopic surgery.
ORAL THERAPY FOR DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Robert H. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Two communications are published in this issue ofThe Journal(pp 759 and 763) relative to the use of the sulfonylurea chlorpropamide in the treatment of diabetes. In evaluating the results it is important to consider etiologic and pathogenetic factors in the disease and the natural course of the disorder. Obvious causes include conditions with massive destruction or removal of the pancreatic beta cells, resulting in deficiency of  secretion, ketoacidosis, various angiopathies, and other known concomitants (or complications) of diabetes. The commonest type of diabetes results from a genetic abnormality, but several decades often pass before overt diabetes is diagnosed. During this interval there is a normal or hypernormal quantity of material in the blood which, in certain assay techniques, acts like insulin. Hypernormal plasma insulin levels have been demonstrated both with normal or decreased tolerance to glucose. A large proportion of these subjects have microangiopathic changes characterizing diabetes,
Fatal case of bilateral internal jugular vein thrombosis following IVIg infusion in an adolescent girl treated for ITP
Authors: Pui‐Ying Iroh Tam, Matthew Richardson, SatKiran Grewal
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is often used as therapy in immune‐mediated diseases and is generally considered a safe therapeutic agent. However, thrombotic complications such as myocardial infarction and deep vein thrombosis have been reported, although primarily in older adults. We describe a 13‐year‐old girl who received one dose of IVIg for immune thrombocytopenic purpura and developed fatal bilateral jugular venous thromboses. This is the first known case of IVIg‐associated thrombosis in an adolescent and alsothe first report describing internal jugular vein thrombosis associated with IVIg infusion. We identify additional risks that may potentiate the agent's thrombotic risk. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adult-Onset Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism — A Treatable Form of Male Infertility
Authors: Lisa B. Nachtigall, Paul A. Boepple, François P. Pralong, William F. Crowley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Men with isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency typically present with an absence of pubertal development. We describe an adult-onset form of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism that develops after puberty.
Effect of inhaled indomethacin on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children with asthma.
Authors: T Shimizu, H Mochizuki, M Shigeta, A Morikawa
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

We evaluated the effect of inhaled indomethacin, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID), on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in children with asthma. Nine asthmatic children (7 boys, 2 girls, with a mean +/- SEM age of 11.0 +/- 0.8 yr) with a history of EIB participated in this study. These subjects were pretreated with inhaled indomethacin (3 mg/m2 body surface area [BSA]) or placebo (0.9% saline) according to a double-blind, randomized, crossover design, and underwent an exercise challenge test 15 min after the pretreatment. Inhaled indomethacin significantly attenuated EIB. The mean maximal percent decrease in FEV1 following exercise was 36.1 +/- 5.7% after placebo and 18.0 +/- 4.6% after indomethacin pretreatment (p = 0.0310). Indomethacin also significantly reduced the mean maximal decrease in arterial oxygen saturation after exercise (p = 0.0378). The inhibition of local prostaglandin synthesis and/or ion transport in the airways may be a mechanism involved in the protective potency of inhaled indomethacin.
Prognostic Value of Minimal Residual Disease Quantification by Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction in Patients With Core Binding Factor Leukemias
Authors: Jürgen Krauter, Kerstin Görlich, Oliver Ottmann, Michael Lübbert, Hartmut Döhner, Wolfgang Heit, Lothar Kanz, Arnold Ganser, Gerhard Heil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: In patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia with t(8;21) or inv(16) aberrations (core binding factor [CBF] leukemias), minimal residual disease (MRD) can be sensitively detected during and after chemotherapy by use of molecular methods. However, the prognostic impact of qualitative MRD detection is still under debate. In this study, the prognostic value of MRD quantification in patients with CBF leukemias was assessed. Patients and Methods: We quantified MRD at various time points during and after therapy by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for AML1/MTG8 and CBFB/MYH11 in 37 patients with CBF leukemias treated within a multicenter trial. Results: At initial diagnosis, the patients showed a heterogenous fusion gene expression relative to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase with a variation of more than two log steps. According to MRD status during/after therapy, two groups of patients were separated. Of the 26 patients who had MRD levels of less than 1% in relation to initial diagnosis at all time points tested after induction chemotherapy, only two experienced relapse after a median follow-up of 19 months. Of the 11 patients who had a sample with an MRD level ≥ 1% at least at one time point after induction therapy, 10 experienced relapse, with a median remission duration of 10 months (P &lt; .001). The median interval between the informative MRD sample and clinical relapse in these patients was 3 months. Conclusion: MRD quantification by real-time RT-PCR allows the identification of patients with a high risk of relapse among the CBF leukemias.
Abstract 3537: P-glycoprotein expression level is responsible for alterations in plasma membrane microfluidity as probed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Pascale Winckler, Rodolphe Jaffiol, Hamid Morjani, Regis Deturche, Pascal Royer, Pierre Jeannesson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the multidrug resistance (MDR) 1 gene product, leads to MDR in tumors. By using the fluorescent membrane probe DiA and Fluoresence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) to explore the plasma membrane microfluidity, we have previousely shown a showed a decrease in plasma membrane microfluidity in LR73R cells (the Chinese hamster ovarian LR73R cells transfected with MDR1 cDNA) (1). In the present study, and in order to study the relationship between membrane microfluidity and the level of P-gp expression, a strategy using flow cytometry and calcein-AM functional fluorescence-activated cell sorting permitted us to select two cell populations from LR73R cells expressing distinct levels of P-gp (P4 “lower calcein-AM uptake” and P5 “higher calcein-AM uptake”). Data obtained on the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) showed clearly that P4 cells were 10-fold resistant to DOX than P5 cells. A direct correlation between the sensitivity of the cells to DOX and the calcein-AM uptake was observed. In addition, intranuclear DOX measurements using microspectrofluorometry showed a decrease in nuclear accumulation of DOX in P4 cells when compared to P5 cells. This was in agreement with the functional calcein-AM uptake assay. By using the fluorescent membrane probe DiA FCS analysis, we explored the membrane microfluidity in P4 and P5 cells. We show that P5 cells presented an increase in membrane fluidity when compared to P4 cells. LR73 cells presented the highest microfluidity when compared to P4 and P5 cells. This was in agreement with the previous published data (1) and demonstrate also that the microfluidity of the plasma membrane is strongly related to the level of Pgp expression. (1) Boutin C, Roche Y, Millot C, Deturche R, Royer P, Manfait M, Plain JM, Jeannesson P, Millot JM, Jaffiol R. High heterogeneity of plasma membrane microfluidity in multidrug-resistant cancer cells. J Biomed Opt. 2009 14(3): 034030. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3537.
-Glutamyl Transpeptidase Mediation of Tumor Glutathione Utilization In Vivo
Authors: S. N. Hochwald, L. E. Harrison, D. M. Rose, M. Anderson, M. E. Burt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1996)

BackgroundGlutathione is a tripeptide used by cells to protect against oxidative and free radical damage. It may also be involved in biochemical mechanisms that cause some tumors to become resistant to anticancer drugs. γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) is a membrane-bound enzyme that cleaves extracellular glutathione, providing cells with amino acids necessary for intracellular synthesis of this compound. Increased expression of GGTP has been found in a number of human tumors; however, few studies have examined the contribution of GGTP to tumor glutathione metabolism in vivo.
Tight glycaemic control in critically ill children could shorten hospital stays, finds trial
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Tight glycaemic control in some groups of critically ill children could reduce their hospital stay, although it does increase the risk of hypoglycaemia, a multicentre randomised controlled trial has found.

Stress hyperglycaemia is a common complication in critical illness and is associated with adverse outcomes. Debate continues over the benefits of tight glycaemic control in critical illness in adults, and there are very few data in children. The current accepted practice is not to try to control glucose concentrations in people who are critically ill.

The Control of Hyperglycaemia in Paediatric Intensive Care (CHiP) trial, published …
THE PRESENCE OF SPIROCHETES IN THE KIDNEY
Authors: YUTAKA KON
Journal: JAMA (1918)

In May, 1917, at Tokyo, Futaki demonstrated spirochetes in the urine and the renal casts of typhusinfected kidneys, and reported them as the specific causative agent of typhus fever. Two months later, Futaki's report was discussed by Miyashima, Kusama and Koga. Miyashima and Kusama had not been  able to find any spirochetes in the kidneys or other organs of experimental typhus-infected animals (rabbits and guinea-pigs). Koga had found many spirochetes (theSpirochaeta smegmatis?) in the urine of patients suffering from different diseases and also in healthy persons, but he could not find any points in which morphologically the spirochetes differed from the spirochetes of Futaki. There was, however, a stronger pulse than in the presence of spirochetes in the kidneys. For control examination, we observed many kidneys, which were mostly affected by acute and chronic nephritis, in which casts were present. These we stained by Levaditi's method. We found many
Angiopoietin-like protein 1 suppresses SLUG to inhibit cancer cell motility
Authors: Tsang-Chih Kuo, Ching-Ting Tan, Yi-Wen Chang, Chih-Chen Hong, Wei-Jiunn Lee, Min-Wei Chen, Yung-Ming Jeng, Jean Chiou, Pei Yu, Pai-Sheng Chen, Ming-Yang Wang, Michael Hsiao, Jen-Liang Su, Min-Liang Kuo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis. Growing evidence suggests that ANGPTL family proteins not only target endothelial cells but also affect tumor cell behavior. In a screen of 102 patients with lung cancer, we found that ANGPTL1 expression was inversely correlated with invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes. ANGPTL1 suppressed the migratory, invasive, and metastatic capabilities of lung and breast cancer cell lines in vitro and reduced metastasis in mice injected with cancer cell lines overexpressing ANGPTL1. Ectopic expression of ANGPTL1 suppressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by reducing the expression of the zinc-finger protein SLUG. A microRNA screen revealed that ANGPTL1 suppressed SLUG by inducing expression of miR-630 in an integrin α(1)β(1)/FAK/ERK/SP1 pathway-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that ANGPTL1 represses lung cancer cell motility by abrogating the expression of the EMT mediator SLUG.
MicroRNAs-372/373 promote the expression of hepatitis B virus through the targeting of nuclear factor I/B
Authors: Hongyan Guo, Haiying Liu, Keith Mitchelson, Huiying Rao, Mingyong Luo, Lan Xie, Yimin Sun, Liang Zhang, Ying Lu, Ruyu Liu, Aihui Ren, Shuai Liu, Shaozhen Zhou, Jiye Zhu, Yuxiang Zhou, Ailong Huang, Lai Wei, Yong Guo, Jing Cheng
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Recent evidence has indicated the pathological relevance of miRNA dysregulation in hepatitis virus infection; however, the roles of microRNAs in the regulation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) expression are still largely unknown. In this study we identified that miR-373 was up-regulated in HBV-infected liver tissues and that the members of the miRs-371-372-373 (miRs-371-3) gene cluster were also significantly co-up-regulated in HBV-producing HepG2.2.15 cells. A positive in vivo association was identified between hepatic HBV DNA levels and the copy number variation of the miRs-371-3 gene cluster. The enhanced expression of miRs-372/373 stimulated the production of HBV proteins and HBV core-associated DNA in HepG2 cells transfected with 1.3×HBV. Further, nuclear factor I/B (NFIB) was identified to be a direct functional target of miRs-372/373 by in silico algorithms and this was subsequently confirmed by western blotting and luciferase reporter assays. Knockdown of NFIB by small interfering RNA (siRNA) promoted HBV expression, whereas rescue of NFIB attenuated the stimulation in the 1.3×HBV-transfected HepG2 cells. Conclusion: Our study revealed that miRNA (miRs-372/373) can promote HBV expression through a pathway involving the transcription factor (NFIB). This novel model provides new insights into the molecular basis in HBV and host interaction. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;)
Unexpected inhibition of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase by cholesterol in New Zealand white and Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.
Authors: G Xu, G Salen, S Shefer, G C Ness, L B Nguyen, T S Parker, T S Chen, Z Zhao, T M Donnelly, G S Tint
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

We investigated the effect of cholesterol feeding on plasma cholesterol concentrations, hepatic activities and mRNA levels of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and hepatic LDL receptor function and mRNA levels in 23 New Zealand White (NZW) and 17 Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. Plasma cholesterol concentrations were 9.9 times greater in WHHL than NZW rabbits and rose significantly in both groups when cholesterol was fed. Baseline liver cholesterol levels were 50% higher but rose only 26% in WHHL as compared with 3.6-fold increase with the cholesterol diet in NZW rabbits. In both rabbit groups, hepatic total HMG-CoA reductase activity was similar and declined > 60% without changing enzyme mRNA levels after cholesterol was fed. In NZW rabbits, cholesterol feeding inhibited LDL receptor function but not mRNA levels. As expected, receptor-mediated LDL binding was reduced in WHHL rabbits. Hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity and mRNA levels were 2.8 and 10.4 times greater in NZW than WHHL rabbits. Unexpectedly, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity was reduced 53% and mRNA levels were reduced 79% in NZW rabbits with 2% cholesterol feeding. These results demonstrate that WHHL as compared with NZW rabbits have markedly elevated plasma and higher liver cholesterol concentrations, less hepatic LDL receptor function, and very low hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity and mRNA levels. Feeding cholesterol to NZW rabbits increased plasma and hepatic concentrations greatly, inhibited LDL receptor-mediated binding, and unexpectedly suppressed cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity and mRNA to minimum levels similar to WHHL rabbits. Dietary cholesterol accumulates in the plasma of NZW rabbits, and WHHL rabbits are hypercholesterolemic because reduced LDL receptor function is combined with decreased catabolism of cholesterol to bile acids.