tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemoglobin constant spring defined by specific oligonucleotide hybridization and hemoglobin D Punjab (β<sup>121</sup>→<sup>Gln</sup>) in a Batak Indonesian family
Authors: Eddi N. Kosasih, Shi‐Ping Cai, Yuet W. Kan, Luan Eng Lie‐Injo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract A Batak Indonesian from North Sumatra with hemoglobin (Hb) D Punjab (α 2 β 2 121 → Gln ) and hemoglobin Constant Spring (Hb CoSp) is described. The 24‐year‐old man did not have clinical symptoms, and his hematological indices were normal. However, he had a persistent slight elevation of fetal hemoglobin level. His mother and his brother were heterozygous for Hb D Punjab; his father had Hb CoSp trait. A sister did not have any abnormal hemoglobin. To show the exact molecular defect leading to the synthesis of Hb CoSp in this family, genomic DNA from the father was analyzed by hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides. Genomic DNA was digested with Sst I and Hind III producing a 1.05‐kb fragment from the 3′ end segment of the α 2 ‐globin gene, including the termination codon. Two nonadecamers were synthesized to serve as probes: one, entirely homologous to the normal 3′ end of α 2 A ‐globin gene sequence, including the termination codon TAA, the other different from it by a replacement of the T in the termination codon TAA with C, changing it to CAA, the codon for the amino acid glutamine. DNA from normal controls gave a positive signal with the normal α 2 TAA oligonucleotide probe but negative with the α 2 CAA probe. The father of propositus who had Hb CoSp trait gave a positive signal with the normal α 2 TAA oligonucleotide probe as well as with the α 2 CAA oligonucleotide probe, showing him to be heterozygous for the α 2 CAA ‐globin gene. This result shows that the Hb CoSp in the Batak family is indeed due to a replacement of T by C in the TAA termination codon of the α 2 ‐globin gene changing it to CAA the codon for glutamine. This explains the resulting readthrough of the untranslated sequence of the mRNA.
Controversies About Brain Death—Reply
Authors: Roger N. Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PREDICTORS OF PERMANENT PACEMAKER INSERTION FOLLOWING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION WITH THE COREVALVE REVALVING SYSTEM BASED ON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANALYSIS: AN ASIAN MULTICENTER REGISTRY STUDY
Authors: Won-Jang Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Kyung-Hee Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Kang-Yin Lee, Hyo-Soo Kim, Myeong-Ki Hong, Yang Soo Jang, Eberhard Grube, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Amitriptyline plasma concentration and clinical response.
Authors: S Jones, P Turner
Journal: BMJ (1979)

treat local swelling with oral antihistamines.A patient with any systemic manifestations should be given a Medihaler-Epi as well as antihistamine tablets, although it is doubtful if any medication will be absorbed by the gastric mucosa after a sting.Although there may be few actual fatalities from insect stings, the number of nearfatalities and of incidents terrifying to patients and their relatives must, to judge by the number seen at our clinic, be high.Some attempt should therefore be made to protect acutely sensitive patients.The best method available at present is hyposensitisation and the pure venom extracts mentioned in your article should become available in a few weeks.
Biochemical requirements for singlet oxygen production by purified human myeloperoxidase.
Authors: J R Kanofsky, J Wright, G E Miles-Richardson, A I Tauber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The myeloperoxidase (MPO)-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-halide systems were found to produce chemiluminescence at 1,268 nm, a characteristic emission band for singlet oxygen (1O2). The emission was enhanced by a factor of 29 +/- 5 in deuterium oxide and was inhibited by the 1O2 quenchers, histidine and azide ion. Inactivation of MPO with heat or with cyanide ion prevented light production. The combined weight of all data strongly supported the production of 1O2 by these enzyme systems. The amount of 1O2 produced was sensitive to the conditions employed. Under optimal conditions at pH 5, the MPO-H2O2-bromide (Br-) system produced 0.42 +/- 0.03 mol 1O2/mol H2O2 consumed, close to the theoretical value of 0.5 that was predicted by the reaction stoichiometry. In contrast, the MPO-H2O2-chloride (Cl-) system was much less efficient. The maximum yield of 1O2 was 0.09 +/- 0.02 mol/mol H2O2 consumed and required pH 4 and 5 mM H2O2. At higher pH, the 1O2 production rapidly decreased. The yield at pH 7 was 0.0004 +/- 0.0002 mol/mol H2O2 consumed. Enzyme inactivation was a major factor limiting the yield of 1O2 with both Cl- and Br-. While the MPO-H2O2-halide systems can efficiently produce 1O2, the conditions required are not physiologic, which suggests that the chemiluminescence of the stimulated neutrophil does not derive from 1O2 generated by a MPO mechanism.
Principles and Practice of Bandaging.
Authors: Gwilym George Davis
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fourteen hospital trusts are to be investigated for higher than expected mortality rates
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Nine more hospital trusts have been added to the list of those to be investigated by the NHS’s medical director, Bruce Keogh, in the wake of the public inquiry by Robert Francis QC into Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust.

Among Francis’s conclusions was that system failures could mean another Mid Staffs scandal happening again. The prime minister responded to this part of …
Generalized Vaccinia in Infancy
Authors: W. H. Galloway, L. M. MacBean
Journal: BMJ (1958)

ACUTE RADIATION NEPHRITIS IN CHILDHOOD MEDICALJSHORNAL dilatation.The lungs showed severe pulmonary oedema and there were serous transudates in both pleural cavities and in the peritoneal cavity.The right renal pedicle was free from disease, and the right kidney (84 g.), which was somewhat larger than usual, was embedded in very fibrous perirenal fat containing an apparently encapsulated tumour (diameter 3.5 cm.) showing foci of haemorrhage and necrosis.The lower pole of the kidney was distorted by this mass.At the upper pole the capsule stripped easily, leaving a smooth speckled surface, but over the lower pole adjacent to the tumour it was densely adherent.The cortex was a little broader than normal and showed accentuation of its markings and prominence of the glomeruli.The medulla was congested and the intrarenal vessels were not unduly prominent.The pelvis was normal, but the upper part of the right ureter, although embedded in the sclerotic perirenal tissue, was patent.There was an irregular haemor- rhagic speckling of the lower part of the right lobe of the liver overlying the right kidney.No other significant
COMMENTS ON DR. ZUM BUSCH'S ACCOUNT OF "THE BRITISH TREATMENT OF INTERNED CIVILIAN ALIENS."
Authors: R. Clark
Journal: BMJ (1916)

CBRITISH TREATMENT OF INTERNED CIVILIAN ,ALIENS."[Nov.4, i916 -were to receive rigorous punislhment.In the annexe tllc state of things was appalling.The sick had to be dumped down anywhere, for there was not at first a sufficient number of attendants to cope with the work.There were no beds for tlhem; they had to lie oni their shaving- filled bags.There were no bedpans or uriiie bottles, and the state of the patients anld the floors was indescribable.There were no feeding-mugs or even small cups or bowls-nothing but the large bowl wvhich formed part of each man's equipmenit.No milk, or eggs, or other invalid fare was forthcoming.It was ordained that the sick were to cointinle on exactly the same rations as they had been receiving-the same soup, the same black bread, the same weekly rawv herring for each-a diet "'tragically grotesque," says Major Davy, "'for a man in the
Local Empyema: its Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: S. Wilks
Journal: BMJ (1879)

next of Kceberle'.They differ in the "catch", or mode of fixing the handles together; and in the joint-Koeberle's being hinged, while Pe'an's blades can be separated for easier and more complete cleansing.Pean has a great number made straight, of different lengths, and others curved or angular.But they all, like Kceberle.s,have the great disadvantage of an open space between the blades, which admits of entanglement of one instrument with another, or of the passage of omentum or other structures.This was a fault in my own earlier in- struments.it has been completely corrected in the later instruments made for me by Mr. Hawksley, without at all lessening the compressing power exerted on the vessel.In October i878, Mr. Hawksley carefully tested the compressing power of different forceps when opened by a piece of leather one millim?/rethick between the jaws of 'the forceps, and covering about four teeth from the points.The following table gives the result, as well as the for'ce required to be exerted by the hand in cl'osing the handles or fastening the catch or catches under each con- dition.Pounids avoirdupois exerted byfour lee/it of/the end offoreets whent one mi/jim/Nre aqj5art.Forceps.First catch.Second catch.
Caspase Activation Is Required for T Cell Proliferation
Authors: Norman J. Kennedy, Takao Kataoka, Jürg Tschopp, Ralph C. Budd
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Triggering of Fas (CD95) by its ligand (FasL) rapidly induces cell death via recruitment of the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD), resulting in activation of a caspase cascade. It was thus surprising that T lymphocytes deficient in FADD were reported recently to be not only resistant to FasL-mediated apoptosis, but also defective in their proliferative capacity. This finding suggested potentially dual roles of cell growth and death for Fas and possibly other death receptors. We report here that CD3-induced proliferation and interleukin 2 production by human T cells are blocked by inhibitors of caspase activity. This is paralleled by rapid cleavage of caspase-8 after CD3 stimulation, but no detectable processing of caspase-3 during the same interval. The caspase contribution to T cell activation may occur via TCR-mediated upregulation of FasL, as Fas-Fc blocked T cell proliferation, whereas soluble FasL augmented CD3-induced proliferation. These findings extend the role of death receptors to the promotion of T cell growth in a caspase-dependent manner.
Global Effects of Smoking, of Quitting, and of Taxing Tobacco
Authors: Prabhat Jha, Richard Peto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

O n the basis of current smoking patterns, with a global ave rage of about 50% of young men and 10% of young women becoming smokers and relatively few stopping, annual tobacco-attributable deaths will rise from about 5 million in 2010 to more than 10 million a few decades hence, 1-3 as the young smokers of today reach middle and old age.This increase is due partly to population growth and partly to the fact that, in some large populations, generations in which few people smoked substantial numbers of cigarettes throughout adult life are being succeeded by generations in which many people did so.There were about 100 million deaths from tobacco in the 20th century, most in developed countries. 2,3If current smoking patterns persist, tobacco will kill about 1 billion people this century, mostly in low-and middle-income countries.][3][4] The 2013 World Health Assembly called on governments to reduce the prevalence of smoking by about a third by 2025, 5 which would avoid more than 200 million deaths from tobacco during the remainder of the century. 2,37][8][9] Worldwide, a reduction of about a third could be achieved by doubling the inflation-adjusted price of cigarettes, which in many low-and middle-income countries could be achieved by tripling the specific excise tax on tobacco.Other interventions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and the WHO six-point MPOWER initiative 4 could also help reduce consumption 7,8 and could help make substantial increases in specific excise taxes on tobacco politically acceptable.Without large price increases, a reduction in smoking by a third would be difficult to achieve.1][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] To help achieve a large reduction in smoking in the 2010s or 2020s, governments, health professionals, journalists, and other opinion leaders should appreciate the full eventual hazards of smoking cigarettes from early adulthood, the substantial benefits of stopping at various ages, the eventual magnitude of the epidemic of tobacco-attributable deaths if current smoking patterns persist, and the effectiveness of tax increases and other interventions to reduce cigarette consumption.Thr ee K ey Messages for Smok er s in the 21s t Cent ur y First, the risk is big.Large studies in the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, and India have examined the eventual effects on mortality in populations of men
Physicians neglect base rates, and it matters
Authors: Robert M. Hamm
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract A recent study showed physicians' reasoning about a realistic case to be ignorant of base rate. It also showed physicians interpreting information pertinent to base rate differently, depending on whether it was presented early or late in the case. Although these adult reasoners might do better if given hints through talk of relative frequencies, this would not prove that they had no problem of base rate neglect.
Two genes required for diabetes in BB rats. Evidence from cyclical intercrosses and backcrosses.
Authors: R A Jackson, J B Buse, R Rifai, D Pelletier, E L Milford, C B Carpenter, G S Eisenbarth, R M Williams
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

The BB rat develops a syndrome of autoimmune diabetes similar to Type I diabetes of man. It also has a severe T cell lymphopenia. As part of an ongoing breeding program to transfer the diabetogenic genes of the BB rat onto inbred rat strain backgrounds, diabetic animals were used in a backcross (BC)- intercross (IC)-backcross breeding scheme with Brown Norway (BN), Lewis (L), and Wistar-Furth (WF) inbred rats. We have used monoclonal antibodies to analyze both lymphopenia and major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens (the RT1 locus in the rat) in relation to the development of diabetes. To examine T cell subsets we used a panel of monoclonal antibodies, in particular W3/25 and OX19 , which discriminate the abnormal phenotype better than W3/13. In our breeding program, at least two independent genes or gene complexes are required for the expression of diabetes. One gene determines the lymphopenia, is inherited by simple autosomal recessive genetics and is not linked to the MHC. The second gene is linked to the MHC. Both genes are necessary, but neither gene is sufficient by itself for the development of diabetes.
Uric Acid Metabolism in Normal Man and in Primary Gout
Authors: Alexander B. Gutman, Ts'ai-Fan Yü
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Rate of Uric Acid Production in Primary GoutSome 25 or 30 per cent of patients with primary gout are habitual overexcretors of uric acid113 —they eliminate it in gross excess via the kidneys and gut, on a diet low in purines and restricted in proteins, while maintaining high serum urate levels — and hence perforce must synthesize abnormally large amounts. Such patients invariably give unequivocally confirmatory evidence of severalfold overproduction of uric acid when tested by the isotope-dilution method101,102 or by the rate of incorporation of isotope-labeled precursors into uric acid. When tagged glycine is given to gouty overexcretors . . .
Whole-exome sequencing improves mutation detection in a diagnostic epidermolysis bullosa laboratory
Authors: T. Takeichi, L. Liu, K. Fong, L. Ozoemena, J.R. McMillan, A. Salam, P. Campbell, M. Akiyama, J.E. Mellerio, W.H.I. McLean, M.A. Simpson, J.A. McGrath
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Whole‐exome sequencing improves mutation detection in a diagnostic epidermolysis bullosa laboratory Get access T. Takeichi, T. Takeichi St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London (Guy's Campus) London U.KDepartment of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Liu, L. Liu Viapath St Thomas' Hospital London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Fong, K. Fong St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London (Guy's Campus) London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Ozoemena, L. Ozoemena Viapath St Thomas' Hospital London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.R. McMillan, J.R. McMillan Viapath St Thomas' Hospital London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Salam, A. Salam St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London (Guy's Campus) London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Campbell, P. Campbell St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London (Guy's Campus) London U.KHull York Medical School York U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Akiyama, M. Akiyama Department of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.E. Mellerio, J.E. Mellerio St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London (Guy's Campus) London U.KSt John's Institute of Dermatology Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.H.I. McLean, W.H.I. McLean Dermatology and Genetic Medicine University of Dundee Dundee U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more M.A. Simpson, M.A. Simpson Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics King's College London (Guy's Campus) London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A. McGrath J.A. McGrath St John's Institute of Dermatology King's College London (Guy's Campus) London U.KDermatology and Genetic Medicine University of Dundee Dundee U.K Correspondence John McGrath. E‐mail: john.mcgrath@kcl.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 1, 1 January 2015, Pages 94–100, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13190 Published: 01 January 2015
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation To Treat Respiratory Failure
Authors: Thomas J. Meyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Purpose: To review the clinical use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, including its efficacy with acute and chronic forms of respiratory failure, its mechanism of action, and its implementation. Data Sources: Studies were identified through a MEDLINE search using the key words respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation and through a manual review of reference lists of published articles. Study Selection: All original studies relating to the use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in respiratory failure were included. Because of the paucity of controlled trials, cohort studies were not excluded. Data Extraction: Study design, numbers and diagnoses of patients, ventilator modes, and success and complication rates were extracted and compiled. Results: For acute respiratory failure, studies report improved gas exchange and avoidance of intubation in 60% to 80% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, restrictive thoracic disease, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, or postoperative extubation failure. However, the patients were highly selected, and relatively few studies have been published, only one of which was a randomized, controlled trial. For chronic respiratory failure due to restrictive thoracic disease, all studies report improved gas exchange and symptoms of hypoventilation after prolonged nocturnal use, although no study was controlled. Some cohort studies of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease yielded favorable results, but longer-term, randomized, controlled studies showed minimal, if any, benefit. Conclusion: Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is effective in the treatment of chronic respiratory failure due to restrictive thoracic diseases. The routine use of such treatment for chronic respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and for acute respiratory failure needs to be studied in randomized, controlled trials in better-defined patient subsets.
Relationship of posture and age to urinary protein excretion.
Authors: S D Mahurkar, G Dunea, V K Pillay, H Levine, V Gandhi
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The influence of posture and age on urinary protein excretion was studied in 120 normal men volunteers. The supine excretion rate was less than 140 mug/min in all but two people (median value 38 mug/min) and tended to increase with age. The excretion rate decreased on quiet standing in 80% of people, which corresponded to a fall in creatinine-clearance. In the remaining 20% protein excretion increased on standing but generally remained within normal limits and was dissociated from changes in creatinine clearances. This increase was more prevalent in younger people and may represent a phenomenon analogous to orthostatic proteinuria, differing only quantitatively.