tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contraceptives on the N.H.S.
Authors: T D Richards
Journal: BMJ (1973)

I cannot imagine that the amount of 13 million (pounds) which is the estimated annual cost of providing contraceptives on N.H.S.  prescription will be sufficient to cover the actual cost to the taxpayer.  I would have thought that an inflationary period such as the present was not the correct time to suggest such a plan to the general public.  A cut in all Government expenditure is surely what other nations are looking for; having recently returned from abroad I am aware and conscious of what people abroad are thinking of this country.  What plans has the Department of Health and Social Security got to pay general practitioners who are prepared to do family planning if the Department is suggesting that the only charge to the patient will be the current prescription charge?  I have not heard any figures mentioned and would be glad to hear the views of my colleagues on the matter.  I can visualize that there will be a sudden abandonment of general practice by some doctors who may feel that they are not prepared to act as an agency to give away condoms to all who want them while those who are sick wait in the queue.  Several M.P.s have already expressed concern about this aspect of the matter and it will be necessary to arouse those who feel that the profession has not been adequately consulted about the matter so that their views can be presented when  the Bill goes into the committee stage.  I should be interested to hear what other doctors think on the subject so that a proper view can be put forward to those in Parliament who wish to know what can be done to ensure that G.P.s are not overwhelmed with social work to the  detriment of those who come for the treatment of real illness.(FULL TEXT)
Low protein diets in chronic renal insufficiency.
Authors: P. D. Hart, A. Wade, B. Engel, F. P. Marsh, J. Powell-Tuck
Journal: BMJ (1992)

postoperative endotoxaemia is 32%.1 Further work should be directed at identifying those who are at risk and assessing their innate immunity in different clinical situations.If antiendotoxin is then given early, rather than after sepsis is established, the results are likely to be superior to those obtained in the trials published so far.Comparisons can be made with the published trials of steroids in sepsis.For them to be beneficial it was thought necessary to administer steroids in the very early stages.They were deemed in- effective, though confirmatory studies were not performed.Although these two drugs are not comparable, by performing similar studies with antiendotoxins without fully understanding the events leading up to sepsis we run the risk of condemning this potentially useful treatment for the wrong reasons, spending millions in the process.
Tension-Free Vaginal Tape versus Transobturator Tape as Surgery for Stress Urinary Incontinence: Results of a Multicentre Randomised Trial
Authors: Massimo Porena, Elisabetta Costantini, Bruno Frea, Antonella Giannantoni, Stefania Ranzoni, Luigi Mearini, Vittorio Bini, Ervin Kocjancic
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Sirtuin and pan-class I/II deacetylase (DAC) inhibition is synergistic in preclinical models and clinical studies of lymphoma
Authors: Jennifer E. Amengual, Sean Clark-Garvey, Matko Kalac, Luigi Scotto, Enrica Marchi, Ellen Neylon, Paul Johannet, Ying Wei, Jasmine Zain, Owen A. O’Connor
Journal: Blood (2013)
False positive results for antibody to HIV in two men with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: M H Esteva, A M Blasini, D Ogly, M A Rodriguez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

False positive results were obtained for HIV tests in two men with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who were suspected of being infected with HIV because of fever, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, and inflammatory myopathy. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for HIV were twice positive when tested three times over a period of six months. Western blot analysis showed reactivity against the gp41 band in patient 1. False positive results for HIV tests can occur in patients with SLE, potentially leading to an erroneous diagnosis of HIV infection.
Propranolol and Impotence
Authors: RICHARD A. MILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 November 1976Propranolol and ImpotenceRICHARD A. MILLER, M.D.RICHARD A. MILLER, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-5-682_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In a recent issue (Ann Intern Med 85:259, 1976) a case of propranolol-induced impotence was reported. I wish to report another case in which impotence has been associated with propranolol use.A 53-year-old man had a 6-year history of typical angina pectoris. He had been taking nitroglycerine and hydrochlorothiazide for mild hypertension. When worsening of his angina occurred he was placed on propranolol, 10 mg four times a day. This was followed within a short time with inability to have penile erection. He had been having normal sexual function up to that time. The impotence continued for... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RICHARD A. MILLER, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDisfunción sexual en la hipertensión arterialHipertensión arterial, medicación antihipertensiva y disfunción eréctil: una perspectiva basada en la evidenciaDisfunción sexual en la hipertensión arterialSexual activity in hypertensive menEffect of the angiotensin II antagonist valsartan on sexual function in hypertensive menChanges in depressive status associated with topical Beta-blockersBeta-blocker effects on sexual function in normal malesDiagnosis and Treatment of Erectile ProblemsTherapeutic drug effects on male reproductive functionAnti-anginal and betaadrenoceptor blocking drugsDrug-induced sexual dysfunctionEffects of antihypertensive drugs on sexual behaviour of male ratsSexual side effects of antihypertensive drugsShould every survivor of a heart attack be given a beta blocker? Part II. Evidence from a clinical pharmacological standpoint.Should every survivor of a heart attack be given a beta-blocker? Part III. Some conclusions.Sexual dysfunction associated with oral antihypertensive medication: A critical survey of the literatureADVERSE REACTIONS TO BENDROFLUAZIDE AND PROPRANOLOL FOR THE TREATMENT OF MILD HYPERTENSIONCardiovascular DisordersPropranolol Erectile Dysfunction RelievedJØRN BATHEN, M.D.Drugs That Affect Male Sexual Function 1 November 1976Volume 85, Issue 5Page: 682-683KeywordsAnginaErectile dysfunctionHypertension ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Army Center Helps Severely Burned Patients Push Survival 'Envelope'
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1991)

PATIENTS who initially survive devastating burns that cover 80% or more of their bodies undergo profound and prolonged physiological changes. Just 10 years ago, very few of these patients survived. Today, about half of them will. A burn unit likely to care for these severely burned patients is the US Army Institute for Surgical Research (USAISR), at Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Tex. The USAISR is the world's largest institute dedicated to burn research and, since 1949, it has led or participated in nearly every major development in the treatment of burns. About 250 burned patients, from both civilian and military populations, are treated there a year. The typical patient has partial- and full-thickness burns that cover 40% of the body surface area. "The burn patient is really a universal trauma model," says Basil A. Pruitt, MD, the US Army colonel who is commander of the institute. "All the changes
Efficacy and tolerability of urate-lowering drugs in gout: a randomised controlled trial of benzbromarone versus probenecid after failure of allopurinol
Authors: M K Reinders, E N van Roon, T L Th A Jansen, J Delsing, E N Griep, M Hoekstra, M A F J van de Laar, J R B J Brouwers
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of allopurinol as the first-choice antihyperuricaemic treatment for gout, and compare the efficacy and tolerability of benzbromarone and probenecid as second-choice treatment. Methods: Prospective, multicentre, open-label, two-stage randomised controlled trial in gout patients with normal renal function. Enrolled patients were given 300 mg allopurinol for 2 months (stage 1). Those patients who could not tolerate allopurinol or who did not attain the target serum urate concentration (sUr) ⩽0.30 mmol/l (5.0 mg/dl), which was defined as successful, were randomised to benzbromarone 200 mg/day or probenecid 2 g/day for another 2 months (stage 2). Results: 96 patients were enrolled in stage 1. 82 patients (85%) were eligible for the analysis at the end of stage 1: there was a mean (SD) decrease in sUr concentration of 35 (11)% from baseline; 20 patients (24%) attained target sUr ⩽0.30 mmol/l; and 9 patients (11%) stopped allopurinol because of adverse drug reactions. 62 patients were enrolled in stage 2. 27 patients received benzbromarone (3 patients not eligible for analysis) and 35 received probenecid (4 patients not eligible for analysis). Treatment with benzbromarone was successful in 22/24 patients (92%) and with probenecid in 20/31 patients (65%) (p = 0.03 compared with benzbromarone). Compared with baseline values, there was a mean (SD) decrease of sUr concentration of 64 (9)% with benzbromarone and 50 (7)% with probenecid (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that allopurinol 300 mg/day has a poor efficacy and tolerability profile when used to attain a biochemical predefined target level of sUr ⩽0.30 mmol/l, following 2 months of treatment. In stage 2, benzbromarone 200 mg/day was more effective and better tolerated than probenecid 2 g/day. Trial registration number: ISRCTN21473387.
The Matthew effect in health development.
Authors: K. S. Joseph
Journal: BMJ (1989)

A study was conducted examining the paradox that populations with a poor standard of health seem to achieve only meagre improvements over time, whereas those with a good standard of health seem to show continual, substantial improvement. The health states of 122 nations were measured by reference to their infant mortality in 1965 and the changes that occurred over the next 20 years. Countries with low infant mortality in 1965 (for example, Japan and East Germany) achieved substantial, further declines over the 20 years, whereas in countries such as Rwanda and Ethiopia infant mortality hardly declined at all or even increased (Ethiopia 165/1000 to 168/1000). In 48 countries for which data were available there was a close link between the change in health state of a people and the ratio of government expenditure on health and defence. As the ratio increased in favour of defence, so the improvement in health state of a people declined; the reverse was also true. At the primary care level disparity in uptake of care both among and within communities was associated with literacy and socioeconomic state, services inadvertently being aimed at those sections most likely to benefit. The forces that act to produce this setting of unequal care must be checked at both national and primary levels if we are to have "Health for All by the Year 2000."
Ideologies, utopias, and the debate about health care.
Authors: R Klein
Journal: BMJ (1981)

defects in its organisation or method of finance but because of fundamental flaws in its conception. It is a view which brings together critics who otherwise differ about almost everything else, particularly in their proposals for change. It is the view taken by Mr Arthur Seldon and his fellow contri? butors to The Litmus Papers.2 It is also the view taken by Mr Ian Kennedy in his Reith lectures.3 In a sense, Mr Seldon and Mr Kennedy make strange bedfellows. They represent two quite different ideological positions. The former represents the revival of 19th century Liberal ideas: the emphasis is on individualism in the market place and on cutting back the role
Inducing cholesterol precipitation from pig bile with β-cyclodextrin and cholesterol dietary supplementation
Authors: Catherine Juste, Isabelle Catala, Michel Riottot, Marc André, Michel Parquet, Bernard Lyan, Fabienne Béguet, Jacqueline Férézou-Viala, Colette Sérougne, Nicole Domingo, Claude Lutton, Huguette Lafont, Tristan Corring
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Advertising and Abuse of Drugs
Authors: Robert Seidenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Among the many problems of drug advertising, the promotion of psychotropic drugs should be a source of major concern. A 10-year survey of a score of medical and psychiatric journals1 shows that physicians are encouraged to use these drugs as "treatment of choice" for what are problems of everyday living — not traditional mental illnesses. We see pictures and captions of women distressed by washing dishes or giving a child a bath, of athletes who must be quickly returned to the game, of men who are irritated by environment noise, etc. — conditions hardly psychiatric diseases. Other advertisements are directed . . .
Practical problems with insulin infusion pumps.
Authors: H Mather, T R Pilkington
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Britain this solution is called Synthamin.Recently minor elevations of serum bilirubin concentration and major elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase and aspartate amino- transferase activities have been observed in six patients receiving this solution following surgery of the head and neck.These patients did not have evidence of metastatic disease and no abnormalities have been observed in patients undergoing similar operations who did not receive nutritional support.However, the same type of biochemnical abnormalities have been seen in a patient receiving the intravenous amino-acid solution Vamin.Furthermore, 15 patients who received a nasogastric diet based on the beef protein derivatives Albumaid or Serameen and the glucose polymer Caloreen showed the same biochemical response.This latter observation would suggest that cholestasis occurring in patients receiving intravenous nutrients is unlikely to be due to a lack of stimulation of bile flow by food in the gut.Are these changes due to the absence of some dietary component or presence of some chemical agent that is common to artificial diets whether given intravenously or by the nasogastric route ?These results will be reported in detail elsewhere.
Gene Expression Profile and Angiogenic Markers Correlate with Response to Neoadjuvant Bevacizumab Followed by Bevacizumab plus Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Sherry X. Yang, Seth M. Steinberg, Dat Nguyen, Thomas D. Wu, Zora Modrusan, Sandra M. Swain
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: To identify biomarkers and gene expression profile signatures to distinguish patients with partial response (PR) from those with stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). Experimental Design: Twenty patients with inflammatory breast cancer and one patient with locally advanced breast cancer received one cycle of bevacizumab followed by six cycles of bevacizumab plus docetaxel-doxorubicin before surgery. Baseline angiogenic/tumor markers were examined by immunohistochemistry and gene expression profiles were measured by Agilent Whole Human Genome arrays. All were assessed for clinical response. Results: Fourteen patients (67%, 95% confidence interval, 43-85.4%) had PR, five had SD, and two had PD. Expression of CD31 and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) in the tumor vasculature by immunohistochemistry was significantly associated with response (PR versus SD/PD; CD31 median, 33.5 versus 13.2; P = 0.0004; PDGFR-β median, 5.9 versus 0.6; P = 0.01). Tumor VEGF-A showed a trend towards association with response (2.65 versus 0.25; P = 0.04). pVEGFR2(Y996), pVEGFR2(Y951), MVD, Ki67, apoptosis, grade, ER, HER-2/neu, and p53 were not associated with response. Twenty-six of 1,339 Gene Ontology (GO) classes at the gene transcriptional level were differentially expressed between patients with PR and SD/PD (P &amp;lt; 0.005). Representative significant GO classes include spindle (11 genes; P = 0.001), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity including PDGFR-β (5 genes; P = 0.002), and cell motility including CD31 (80 genes; P = 0.005). Conclusions: Baseline CD31, PDGFR-β, and GO classes for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity and mitosis were significantly associated with response to bevacizumab followed by bevacizumab plus chemotherapy.
Carcinoma of the Colon and Rectum
Authors: Ronald A. Malt, Leslie W. Ottinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

IF diseases of the colon and rectum nowadays enjoy respectability unmatched since the vogue for the nuciform sac, the reason undoubtedly is that etiology, diagnosis and treatment are beginning to be based on fact — or what seems to be fact.Low-Residue Diets Causing CancerLike diverticulosis, and possibly also appendicitis, colorectal carcinoma is more common in urbanized civilizations than in rural ones, and its frequency increases in ethnic groups who move from comparatively primitive communities to advanced ones. In the new environment carcinogenic factors may be only a diet low in roughage and high in sugar, the low-residue diet . . .
Psychotherapy of Vietnam Veterans
Authors: Frederick Lemere
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a practicing psychiatrist for 45 years, I have had the privilege of treating veterans from World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and Vietnam. Therapy of veterans from wars previous to Vietnam has not been too different from the treatment of private patients with psychotherapy and appropriate medication. The Vietnam veteran patients present a different clinical picture that requires a different approach. Most Vietnam veteran patients that I see have deep resentment regarding their experiences and plight and less of an element of secondary gain. Their anger over what was done to them is often explosive with poor impulse control. Their emotional instability has often been aggravated by drug abuse, their comparative immaturity, and their lower economic and social background. We are all aware, also, of the low morale, the low public esteem, and the lack of unit identity that leads to the loss
Abstract P3-02-06: Survival impact of early detection of recurrence after surgery in early breast cancer patients
Authors: T Hojo, K Tamura, N Masuda, K Inoue, T Kinoshita, T Fujisawa, F Hara, S Saji, S Asaga, K Anan, N Yamamoto, N Wada, M Takahashi, K Nakagami, K Kuroi, H Iwata
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background and Object: Annual mammography and physical examination as the follow-up tests after surgery were recommended to early breast cancer patients based on the two randomized clinical trials (GIVIO and Rosselli Del Turco) which were reported in 1990s. Whereas, radiological imaging and blood test (serum tumor marker) for early detection of recurrence are not recommended due to the lack of evidence from clinical trial. However, the imaging techniques (helical CT, bone scan, PET/CT. MRI et al) to detect minute lesions and therapeutic options for metastatic breast cancer have been remarkably advanced since then. In fact, routine radiological examinations after surgery were performed in several Japanese hospitals for aiming early detection of recurrence as the clinical practice. We here evaluate the possible benefit of early detection of recurrence by radiological and laboratory examinations during post-operative follow-up period. Methods: Clinical information of breast cancer patients who were diagnosed as recurrence after surgery during 2005–2006 was collected from 30 hospitals in Japan. Clinical and pathological characteristics such as molecular subtype of breast cancer, survival time from initial therapy or 1st recurrence, detection methods and symptomatic information when they diagnosed as metastasis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: As the routine examination of post-operative follow-up, serum tumor maker, chest x-ray/CT, abdominal US/CT and bone scan were done in 95%, 57%, 38%, 24% of 30 hospitals, respectively. Of the 698 patients individually evaluated in this analysis, 248 had loco-regional recurrences and 450 had distant metastases. The first distant metastatic site were 35% in bone, 30% in lung, 17% in liver and 11% in lymph node, respectively. All individual patients are divided into symptomatic (45.7%) or asymptomatic groups (54.3%) at the detection of metastases. Asymptomatic metastases were detected by serum tumor marker (26%), bone scan (18%), chest x-ray (17%), chest CT (17%), abdominal US (11%) and abdominal CT (5%), respectively. The median disease-free interval (DFI) was 3.0 years in both groups, but the median survival time after the diagnosis of recurrence to death were 3.7 years in asymptomatic patients and 3.0 years in symptomatic patients, respectively. In addition, asymptomatic group had significantly superior overall survival (from primary surgery to death) than symptomatic group with oligo-metastases such as limited organ disease (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Our data may support the hypothesis that early detection of breast cancer recurrences has beneficial impact on survival. Randomized clinical trial would be warranted to prove this hypothesis, and we are currently planning this. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-02-06.
Carnosinase activity of human gastrointestinal mucosa.
Authors: F Sadikali, R Darwish, W C Watson
Journal: Gut (1975)

Carnosinase, the dipeptidase which hydrolyses carnosine and other histidine-containing dipeptides, was assayed in mucosal tissues of the human and of the rat gut. Kinetic properties of the intestinal enzyme were found to be similar to carnosinase of other animal tissues. Little or no activity was detected in human gastric or colonic mucosa, and the levels were lower in duodenal than jejunal mucosa. The distribution of carnosinase is similar to that of the disaccharidases. Mean carnosinase activity was 8-8 units/g weight in 15 patients with histologically normal mucosa compared with 5-7 units in five with villous atrophy. The enzyme levels increased with histological improvement of the mucosa in patients with coeliac disease on a gluten-free diet. Tolerance curves for carnosine and its constitutent amino acids showed malabsorption of the dipeptide in a patient with carnosinase deficiency. It is concluded that the intestinal mucosa has much less hydrolase activity for carnosine than for glycylglycine and other dipeptidases, and the relatively slow hydrolysis appears to be the rate-limiting step in the total absorptive process.
533 Rantes as a immune resonse to inflammation in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: M.G. Neuman, J.P. Benhamou, P. Marcellin, Z. Ben-Ari, H. Schnilowitz-Weiss, M. Bourliere, R. Cameron, S. Badalamenti, C. Bonaventure, C. Trepo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)