tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P1-06-16: BRCA2 Mutation Carriers Respond Poorly to Conventional Anthracylins/Taxanes-Based Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy.
Authors: J Raphael, O Caron, F Rimareix, M Spielmann, A Al Ghuzlan, M-C Mathieu, S Delaloge
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: BRCA2 carriers typically develop luminal B-type breast cancers. Their exact sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy remains unclear. Promising drugs such as parp inhibitors are currently being developed in this indication. We attempted to evaluate pathological response rates of BRCA2 carriers in current the routine setting. Patients and methods: we screened our database of all patients seen at our genetic clinic over the past 15 years who were completely tested for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation and had received primary anthracyclines/taxanes-based chemotherapy (6-8 cycles) for invasive breast cancer as primary care. The pathological responses of pts who tested positive for BRCA2 were compared to those of BRCA1 and BRCA2-negative patients who had been diagnosed with luminal breast cancer (ER-positive, Her2-negative). Results: Among 155 BRCA2-carriers and 503 wild-type patients, 24 BRCA2 pts and 58 pts with luminal B-type breast cancer have received primary standard anthracyclin/taxane-based chemotherapy. Median age was 38 for both populations. Median tumor size was 45 and 40 mm respectively among carriers and WT pts. 60% of BRCA2 and 100% of WT luminal B pts had ER-positive disease. A pathological complete response occurred in 18% of BRCA2 carriers and of 39% of luminal B Wt-pts. 65% of BRCA2 and 51% of WT-pts pts remained node-positive. Conclusion: Deleterious germline mutations of BRCA2 are associated with a low probability of complete pathological response and a high risk of axillary invasion after conventional primary chemotherapy. Alternative treatments are highly expected. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-06-16.
Hyperinsulinemia in the physiologic range is not superior to short-term fasting in suppressing insulin secretion in obese men
Authors: A.I. Pincelli, A. Brunani, A. Caumo, M. Scacchi, L. Pasqualinotto, A. Tibaldi, A. Dubini, S. Bonadonna, F. Cavagnini
Journal: Metabolism (2001)
Analgesics in the Acute Phase of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Edwin L. Alderman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THE pain of myocardial infarction may be severe and persistent, but generally disappears once effective analgesic therapy is given. The pain itself and the associated stresses of hospitalization, physician examination, and the fear of illness and potential death tend to provoke a prominent anxiety state. These factors promote hyperventilation and restlessness, and thus greater demands for oxygen, all of which impose greater stress on the damaged heart. Morphine sulfate has generally been the drug of choice for pain relief under these circumstances, but other agents such as meperidine hydrochloride and pentazocine have been suggested. In most respects, meperidine may be considered similar to morphine. Although it had been thought that meperidine is spasmolytic and is less prone to produce respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting, this has not been borne out by controlled studies of equipotential doses. It is important in the selection of an analgesic agent that its respiratory and
Reducing Residency Opportunities for Graduates of Foreign Medical Schools
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The federal government has become increasingly concerned about the implications of a future physician surplus and disturbed by the revelation that American students have been purchasing fraudulent medical degrees from Caribbean schools. Because of these concerns and its continuing assault on domestic spending, the government is moving toward the adoption of policies that would sharply curtail residency-training opportunities in the United States for alien and American graduates of foreign medical schools. This federal policy thrust has gained momentum in recent months without any serious discussion about its implications for foreign policy or for service delivery in teaching hospitals that are . . .
Tacrolimus versus cyclosporin for immunosuppression in renal transplantation: meta-analysis of randomised trials
Authors: G. A Knoll, R. C Bell
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To compare tacrolimus with cyclosporin for immunosuppression in renal transplantation. <b>Design</b>: Meta-analysis of randomised trials of two treatments after kidney transplantation. <b>Identification</b>: Four studies involving 1037 patients. Trials were included if they were randomised, the intervention group received tacrolimus, the control group received cyclosporin, the patients were followed for a minimum of 12 months, and patient survival, graft survival, incidence of acute rejection, need for antilymphocyte treatment, or the prevalence of diabetes mellitus after transplant was reported. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Pooled estimates of patient mortality, allograft loss, and episodes of acute rejection 1 year after transplantation. <b>Results</b>: The odds ratio for loss of allograft with tacrolimus compared with cyclosporin was 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.65 to 1.40). The odds ratio for mortality with tacrolimus was 1.07 (0.47 to 2.48). Treatment with tacrolimus was associated with a reduction in episodes of acute rejection (0.52; 0.36 to 0.75), a reduction in the use of antilymphocyte antibodies to treat rejection (0.37; 0.25 to 0.56), and an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus after transplantation (5.03; 2.04 to 12.36) compared with treatment with cyclosporin. <b>Conclusions</b>: After renal transplantation, immunosuppression with tacrolimus results in a significant reduction in acute rejection compared with cyclosporin. Follow up studies of high methodological quality are needed to determine whether tacrolimus improves long term renal graft survival.
Judge criticises paediatrician for claiming to know how to assess age of asylum seekers
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A high court judge has strongly criticised a paediatrician for placing “erroneous confidence” in “unreliable” statistical methods for determining whether young asylum seekers are under the age of 18.

Mr Justice Kenneth Parker said he had no doubt that Diana Birch had great experience in working with children, and in particular adolescents, and had accumulated considerable experience and expertise bearing on her credibility as an assessor of age.

But he had to approach her conclusion that an Afghan asylum seeker was under 18 with “very great caution” because of her reliance on statistical methods for determining age, which were “not scientifically established and unreliable.”

The ruling comes amid a flood of legal …
Vive la Différence (P&lt;0.05)
Authors: Drummond Rennie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Francis Galton was sheltering from a brief summer shower in the grounds of Naworth Castle when suddenly the true nature of correlation flashed into his mind, and for a moment he forgot everything else in his "great delight."1 Thus was the correlation coefficient, r, conceived, its public birth being before the Royal Society in December of that year, 1888.2 Few researchers have shared in the mathematical ecstasy of this inventive statistician, but most of us have, with differing degrees of reluctance, buckled down to learning about α, β, P, F, z, t, and the like, recognizing . . .
Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shockwaves for fragmentation of extra-and intrahepatic bile duct stones: indications, success and problems during a 15 months clinical experience.
Authors: M Staritz, A Rambow, A Grosse, A Hurst, A Floth, P Mildenberger, M Goebel, T Junginger, R Hohenfellner, M Thelen
Journal: Gut (1990)

Electromagnetically generated extracorporeal shock waves (without waterbath) were applied after intravenous premedication with 10-15 mg diazepam and 100 mg tramadol in the treatment of 33 patients (aged 32 to 91 years) with multiple intrahepatic stones (n = 4) or huge common bile duct stones (n = 29, 18-30 mm in diameter), which could not be removed by conventional endoscopy. Stone disintegration was achieved in 70% of common bile duct stones and in all intrahepatic concrements after 800-7500 discharges, which were applied during one (n = 21), two (n = 6) or three sessions (n = 6). Apart from mild fleabite-like petechiae at the side of shock wave transmission no other side effects were observed for a total of 51 procedures. We believe electromagnetically generated shock waves are safe, easy to apply, and relatively effective in the therapy of common bile duct and intrahepatic stones.
Why Washington University Doesn't Need/Can't Afford Family Practice-Reply
Authors: William A. Peck
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The October 9,1991, issue of<i>JAMA</i>was devoted to the centennial of the Washington University School of Medicine. I appreciated the invitation from<i>JAMA</i>to include an Editorial in which I reviewed the successes of our institution. Dr Paul M. Fischer responded to the Editorial, criticizing the absence of a department of family practice at Washington University. I elected not to reply to Fischer's letter because it did not seem to call for a response, and because the Editorial that concerned Fischer was not meant to be a position paper on the hard choices the school's leadership have made over the years. Now comes Dr Dell who suggests that I should not "be reasonably excused from that responsibility" (responding to "reasonable, thoughtful, bona fide letters") even though<i>JAMA</i>does not mandate responses. In order to defray the issue of responsibility, let me answer Fischer's letter. Above all, let
TEMPORAL SAMPLING EFFECTS ON PARAMETER ESTIMATION ACCURACY IN KINETIC POSITRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC (PCT) STUDIES
Authors: Randall A. Hawkins, Sung-cheng Huang, Michael E. Phelps
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Kinetic studies with PCT produce parameter estimates of physiologic models (e.g., glucose metabolism with F-18 FDG and blood brain barrier diffusion with Ga-68 EDTA). We and others have previously shown that blood volume effects can not only affect these estimates but can also be included in the compartmental models as an adjustable parameter. This permits estimation of regional blood volume and increases the accuracy of the other parameter estimates. Because plasma or blood tracer concentrations change rapidly after a bolus injection, we investigated the effect of varying scan intervals on the parameter estimates. Using FDG kinetics in the brain as a model, we simulated initial scan intervals ranging from 12 seconds to 3 minutes on tissue time activitly curves generated from rate constants typical of normal gray matter (including noise) with a CBV of 6cc/100gm. Arterial plasma FDG measurements from an actual patient were used in the simulation. FDG rate constants (k1*, k2*, k3* and k4*) and a fifth parameter representing CBV were iteratively generated for each scan sequence. The estimated CBV was nearly constant (5.7–6.2cc/100gm) over the range of scan intervals tested although the fractional standard error of the CBV estimate increased with longer scan times. This error ranged from about 1% with 12 second scans to about 3% with 3 minute scans. A similar stability in the estimates of k1*, k2*, k3* and k4* was also found. This indicates that initial scan intervals of 1–2 minutes as typically used with NeuroECAT kinetic PCT studies permits accurate estimations of parameters including those with a relatively rapidly changing component such as blood volume in bolus injection studies.
Review: Psychosocial and psychological interventions reduce postpartum depression
Authors: Gabriel D. Shapiro, William D. Fraser
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

ACP Journal ClubAugust 20, 2013Review: Psychosocial and psychological interventions reduce postpartum depressionGabriel D. Shapiro, MPH, William D. Fraser, MD, MSc, FRCSCGabriel D. Shapiro, MPHCHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.D.S., W.D.F.), William D. Fraser, MD, MSc, FRCSCCHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.D.S., W.D.F.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-4-201308200-02008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationDennis CL, Dowswell T. Psychosocial and psychological interventions for preventing postpartum depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013(2):CD001134. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23450532Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: References1 Pearlstein T, Howard M, Salisbury A, Zlotnick C. Postpartum depression. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200:357-64. [PMID: 19318144] Google Scholar2 Dennis CL. Preventing postpartum depression part I: a review of biological interventions. Can J Psychiatry. 2004;49:467-75. [PMID: 15362251] Google Scholar3 Dennis CL, Creedy D. Psychosocial and psychological interventions for preventing postpartum depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(2):SD001134. [PMID: 15495008] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.D.S., W.D.F.) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics August 20, 2013Volume 159, Issue 4Page: JC8KeywordsBirthChild healthChildrenClinical trialsDepressionLactationPopulation statisticsPrevention, policy, and public healthSystematic reviewsTuberculin Issue Published: August 20, 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION INDUCED BY AUTOLOGOUS CELLS
Authors: Marc E. Weksler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Lymphocytes incubated with phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A develop the capacity to stimulate autologous lymphocyte transformation. This is not attributable to residual mitogen contaminating the lymphoblastic cell preparation as: (a) the dissociation of mitogen from the lymphoblastic cell preparation increases the degree of stimulation observed and (b) the kinetics of lymphocyte transformation stimulated by phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphoblasts is different from that stimulated by phytohemagglutinin. The appearance of the stimulatory determinants on lymphocytes exposed to phytohemagglutinin precedes morphological transformation.
Assisted Circulation by Veno-Arterial By-Pass
Authors: Armand A. Lefemine, Steven Lunzer, Dwight E. Harken
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Anoxic arrest during open-heart surgery, though now obsolete, presented an opportunity to evaluate veno-arterial bypass in treating acute myocardial failure. After periods of complete normothermic aortic occlusion 12 patients required extracorporeal support up to 70 minutes. Premature interruption of circulatory assistance allowed myocardial deterioration, hypotension, and even ventricular fibrillation. Support of coronary circulation was critical despite the increased pressure work produced by the pump. In one case arterial return was synchronized to occur during diastole and thus reduce systolic pressure work. Veno-arterial bypass was used for emergency resuscitation and maintenance in one patient with massive pulmonary emboli and in another with aortic stenosis pending surgical correction.
Howard Florey: The Making of a Great Scientist
Authors: Leslie L. Barton
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In 1945 the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine was awarded to Fleming, Chain, and Florey in recognition of their contributions to the discovery and development of penicillin. Dr Gwyn Macfarlane now presents an extensively researched tribute to Florey, tracing his scientific ideas from germination to fruition. Letters, papers, notebooks, and diaries are sources for an often exciting, sometimes humorous, almost always compassionate volume. Historical and biographical vignettes of men such as Jenner, Lister, and Pasteur are also included and prepare the backdrop against which Florey's thought and work are best understood and appreciated. Howard Florey was born in Adelaide, Australia. After obtaining his medical degree, he moved to Oxford, England, where he made his greatest discovery and spent most of his life. Concurrent with Florey's personal and scientific growth, explosive growth and development of the basic sciences and clinical disciplines of medicine were taking place; all are painstakingly described.
Abstract 5087: Peli 1 targets BubR1 for ubiquitinational degradation and induces aneuploidy transformation
Authors: Suhyeon Kim, Hye-Young Park, Ha Rim Song, Heounjeong Go, Hyeseong Cho, Doo Hyun Chung, Chang-Woo Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Disruption of the BubR1-mediated function negatively impacts mitotic checkpoint control, increases chromosomal instability, and is associated with infertility, life span and cancer. Therefore, BubR1 plays an important role in preventing abnormal mitotic cells with chromosomal aneuploidy from achieving neoplastic aneuploidy, however it remains unclear how the signalling activates or inactivates the BubR1 function during the neoplastic transformation. Here, we report that Peli 1, a new family of signal-responsive E3 ubiquitin ligase, directly interacts with BubR1. This interaction promotes the ubiquitin-mediated degradation, and prevents the kinetochore association of BubR1. In addition, cells expressing Peli 1 led to severe mitotic defects and displayed severe chromosomal aneuploidy in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results suggest that Peli 1 expression acts as a potent causative signalling against chromosome integrity by mediating the ubiquitinational degradation of BubR1, and thus contributes to the development of neoplastic chromosome aneuploidy. Citation Format: Suhyeon Kim, Hye-Young Park, Ha Rim Song, Heounjeong Go, Hyeseong Cho, Doo Hyun Chung, Chang-Woo Lee. Peli 1 targets BubR1 for ubiquitinational degradation and induces aneuploidy transformation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5087. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5087
MedGuide: At Last a Long-Sought Opportunity for Patient Education About Prescription Drugs
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

PROVIDING patients with adequate information concerning the drugs their physicians prescribe has long been the expressed goal of health care professionals from physicians to pharmacists. But it has proved an elusive one. Now, however, the aim has moved measurably closer to achievement. It has been estimated that 30% to 50% of patients do not follow prescribed drug regimens because of lack of information. The result is therapeutic failure and adverse drug events, said Peter H. Rheinstein, MD, director of medicine at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). He said that among outpatients in the United States, drug-related morbidity and mortality is estimated to cost $76.6 billion annually. Estimates such as this have provided the driving force for moves to provide adequate information to patients about prescription drugs. But for almost 2 decades, none of the groups involved seemed to agree on how, by whom, or in what form this information
Donor and recipient chemokine receptor CCR5 genotype is associated with survival after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: David H. McDermott, Susan E. Conway, Tao Wang, Stacy M. Ricklefs, Manza A. Agovi, Stephen F. Porcella, Huong Thi Bich Tran, Edgar Milford, Stephen Spellman, Reza Abdi
Journal: Blood (2010)
Detection of coronary restenosis aftercoronary angioplasty by contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiographic Doppler assessment of coronary flow velocity reserve
Authors: Massimo Ruscazio, Roberta Montisci, Paolo Colonna, Carlo Caiati, Lijun Chen, Giorgio Lai, Mauro Cadeddu, Raimondo Pirisi, Sabino Iliceto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Nina Gupta, Sonia S. Kupfer, Andrew M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE AFTER-RESULTS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY IN 500 ADULT CASES
Authors: M. C. Luff, M. Garrod
Journal: BMJ (1935)

TmF BRTISH be promised by operation, or by operation= combined with injection, in this type of case.3. In a very small proportion of cases injection alone is not entirely successful, and ligation of the internal saphena vein below its upper end is indicated as an adjuvant; but no evidence sufficiently strong has yet been published to justify primary saphena ligation in preference to primary injection with salicylate-saline solution.4. The classified results of other methods of injection after a three-year interval would, if published, advance the subject considerably.The results given by the non- guidable solutions-for example, quinine, sodium morrhu- ate, and the sugars-are especially called for. 5. Experience tends to show that almost all cases which have failed to react to other solutions can be successfully treated with salicylate-saline solution.6.The converse is not true, but sodium morrhuate appears to answer well in short lengths of vein when salicylate fails.7. Longer iintervals than those commonly given between injections are evidently necessary if the accepted pathology of sclerosis is to be the guiding principle in treatment.8. Improvements in the pathological diagnosis of cases unsuccessfully injected may be expected from the applica- tion of the newer radiological methods of investigation.9. Unna's paste bandage applied in the hydrostatic -manner gives much better results than are obtained by the modern elastic-pressure applications.Our thanks are due to the members of the staff of the Aberdeen Royal lInfirmary for their help oIn many occasions.
Glucosamine and chondroitin may help in osteoarthritis
Authors: K. Walker-Bone
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Several recent lay publications enthusiastically promote the benefits of glucosamine and chondroitin preparations in osteoarthritis.1 This has led to a surge of interest among patients and spectacular success in the marketplace; sales in the United States approach $1bn. The medical community has been reluctant to endorse these products, principally …