tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharaonic Trichology: The Ebers Papyrus
Authors: Faisal R. Ali, Alexander E. T. Finlayson
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Scleral Necrosis after Plaque Radiotherapy of Uveal Melanoma: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Swathi Kaliki, Carol L. Shields, Duangnate Rojanaporn, Josep Badal, Laxmi Devisetty, Jacqueline Emrich, Lydia Komarnicky, Jerry A. Shields
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
Diabetic cardiomyopathy: the preclinical phase.
Authors: B I Seneviratne
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Left ventricular function was assessed by measuring sytolic time intervals in insulin-requiring diabetics with and without significant microangiopathy. The results were compared with those in normal controls. Significant microangiopathy was defined as proteinuria over 3 g/24 h or proliferative retinopathy. Left ventricular function was also assessed one and a half years later by echocardiography in four patients with microangiopathy. Patients with angina, previous myocardial infarction, hypertension, and alcoholism were excluded. All had normal electrocardiograms and chest radiographs. Diabetics with microangiopathy had impaired left ventricular function, whereas those with uncomplicated diabetes had normal function. This finding supports the existence of a specific diabetic cardiomyopathy due to microangiopathy rather than the metabolic defect. The association of microangiopathy and impaired left ventricular function may explain the high immediate mortality and the high incidence of cardiogenic shock and congestive heart failure after myocardial infarction in diabetics.
A Case of Thrombophlebitis Migrans
Authors: P. M. S. Gillam
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Brrm 721 be conducive to such overloading.However, this could no doubt be countered by venepuncture just prior to an infusion.SUMMARY A case is described of total extractions in a severe haemophiliac utilizing the method of daily plasma infusions, alveolectomy, and gum-suturing, without recourse to splints.Cardiac failure due to vascular overloading resolved spontaneously at the cessation of the infusions.Further experience is desirable before this method is advocated as a standard routine in view of the variable behaviour of haemophiliacs in their response to plasma therapy.We thank Mrs. 0. Matchett for the numerous A.H.G. assays; the photographic department of St. Thomas's Hospital for the illustrations; Mr.
Clinical Decision Making: Theory vs Practice
Authors: Joseph A. Linsk
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Eddy<sup>1,2</sup>must be praised for seeking to define, or perhaps divine, a rational methodology to control and fine-tune practice policies, for patterns of practice are at the root of the inexorable and seemingly uncontrollable rise in this nation's health costs. In a private practice, fee-for-service system, it is impossible to ignore the fact that physicians will perform or request the services that maximize their income within the broad limits of legal, ethical, scientific, and clinical parameters. All practicing physicians are aware of and engage in useless and usually harmless activities, without which the patient's health would be unaffected. The litany of such practices is endless and cuts across all medical and surgical disciplines. The vast majority of such practices involves gray areas. If, using the global subjective judgment approach (Dr Eddy's term) to monitor a procedure, a panel unanimously agrees that it is unnecessary for
Hepatocytes internalize trophic receptors at large endocytic “Hot Spots”
Authors: Hong Cao, Eugene W. Krueger, Mark A. McNiven
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis in mammalian epithelial cells is believed to require the synergistic action of structural coat proteins and mechanochemical enzymes to deform and sever the plasma membrane (PM) into discreet vesicles. It is generally believed that the formation of clathrin-coated pits in epithelial cells occurs randomly along the apical and basolateral plasma membranes. In this study we visualized the endocytic machinery in living hepatocytes using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged dynamin, a large mechanochemical guanosine triphosphate (GTP)ase implicated in the liberation of nascent vesicles from the plasma membrane and a variety of internal membrane compartments. Confocal microscopy of living cells expressing the epithelial isoform of GFP-tagged dynamin [Dyn2-GFP] revealed a distribution along the ventral PM in discrete vesicle-like puncta or in large (2-10 μm) tubuloreticular plaques. Remarkably, these large structures are dynamic as they form and then disappear, while generating large numbers of motile endocytic vesicles with which dynamin associates. Inhibiting dynamin function by microinjection of purified dynamin antibodies increases the number and size of the tubuloreticular plaques. Importantly, these “hot spots” sequester specific trophic receptors and cognate ligands such as transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), but not TfR2. Conclusion: These findings suggest that hepatocytes sequester or prerecruit both structural and enzymatic components of the clathrin-based endocytic machinery to functional hot spots, from which large numbers of coated pits form and vesicles are generated. This process may mimic the endocytic organization found at the synapse in neuronal cells. (Hepatology 2011;)
Respiratory Viruses, Symptoms, and Inflammatory Markers in Acute Exacerbations and Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: TERENCE SEEMUNGAL, RHIAN HARPER-OWEN, ANGSHU BHOWMIK, IVANA MORIC, GWENDOLYN SANDERSON, SIMON MESSAGE, PETER MacCALLUM, THOMAS W. MEADE, DONALD J. JEFFRIES, SEBASTIAN L. JOHNSTON, JADWIGA A. WEDZICHA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The effects of respiratory viral infection on the time course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation were examined by monitoring changes in systemic inflammatory markers in stable COPD and at exacerbation. Eighty-three patients with COPD (mean [SD] age, 66.6 [7.1] yr, FEV1, 1.06 [0.61] L) recorded daily peak expiratory flow rate and any increases in respiratory symptoms. Nasal samples and blood were taken for respiratory virus detection by culture, polymerase chain reaction, and serology, and plasma fibrinogen and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined at stable baseline and exacerbation. Sixty-four percent of exacerbations were associated with a cold occurring up to 18 d before exacerbation. Seventy-seven viruses (39 [58.2%] rhinoviruses) were detected in 66 (39.2%) of 168 COPD exacerbations in 53 (64%) patients. Viral exacerbations were associated with frequent exacerbators, colds with increased dyspnea, a higher total symptom count at presentation, a longer median symptom recovery period of 13 d, and a tendency toward higher plasma fibrinogen and serum IL-6 levels. Non-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) respiratory viruses were detected in 11 (16%), and RSV in 16 (23.5%), of 68 stable COPD patients, with RSV detection associated with higher inflammatory marker levels. Respiratory virus infections are associated with more severe and frequent exacerbations, and may cause chronic infection in COPD. Prevention and early treatment of viral infections may lead to a decreased exacerbation frequency and morbidity associated with COPD.
Publication Bias and Research on Passive Smoking
Authors: Anastasia L. Misakian, Lisa A. Bero
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.-The results of reviews may be biased by delays in publication and failure to publish nonsignificant results.Objective.-Todetermine the extent of unpublished results on the health effects of passive smoking and whether passive smoking studies with statistically nonsignificant results would have longer time to publication than those with statistically significant results.Design.-Semistructured telephone interviews of principal investigators of published or unpublished studies funded between 1981 and 1995, identified by information obtained from 76 (85%) of 89 organizations contacted that potentially funded research on passive smoking.Participants.-Seventy-eightinvestigators were eligible and could be located; 65 (83%) responded.They had conducted 61 studies of the health effects of passive smoke in humans or animals between 1981 and 1995 that met the criteria for the analysis of time to publication.Main Outcome Measure.-Time to publication for published studies and statistical significance of results of published and unpublished studies.Results.-Fourteen of the 61 studies were unpublished.Median time to publication was 5 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 4-7 years) for statistically nonsignificant studies and 3 years (95% CI, 3-5 years) for statistically significant studies (P = .004).Statistically significant results (P = .004),experimental study design (P = .01),study size less than or equal to 500 (P = .01),and animals as subjects (P = .03)were predictive of time to publication.When the studies with human participants were analyzed separately, only statistically significant data were predictive of publication (P = .007).Multivariate analysis of all studies indicated that statistical significance (P = .001)and study design (P = .01)were the only independent predictors of time to publication, while for the human studies only statistical significance was predictive of publication (P = .007).Conclusion.-There is a publication delay for passive smoking studies with nonsignificant results compared with those with significant results.
Decision Guidelines for Prophylactic Replacement of Björk-Shiley Convexo-Concave Heart Valves
Authors: M.J. van Gorp, E.W. Steyerberg, Y. van der Graaf
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Because of risk of outlet strut fracture, prophylactic replacement should be considered for Björk-Shiley convexo-concave (BScc) valve recipients. We assessed the effects of epidemiological and decision-analytic guidelines on actual BScc valve replacement.We performed a retrospective cohort study including all 2263 Dutch BScc patients with a mean follow-up of 11.3 years (range, 0 to 23 years). Outcomes were outlet strut fracture, mortality, and BScc valve replacement. For the surviving patients in 1992 (n=1330), we calculated the expected differences in life expectancy (LE) with and without BScc valve replacement according to decision guidelines developed in 1992. Differences in LE were compared with actual replacements. During 8 years of follow-up, there were 494 deaths (40%), and 11 patients had suffered outlet strut fracture. Of 1330 patients, 96 (10%) had undergone BScc valve replacement, particularly in years after introduction of initial and updated guidelines. One hundred seventeen patients (9%) had an estimated gain in LE after BScc valve replacement. These patients were more likely to undergo replacement than patients with an estimated loss of LE (hazard ratio, 6.6; 95% CI, 4.4 to 10; P<0.0001). A loss in LE after reoperation was predicted for 8 of 11 patients who experienced outlet strut fracture after guidelines were available.Valve replacement for BScc heart valve patients was largely in concordance with guidelines in the Netherlands. Individualized guidelines that are based on high-quality epidemiological data and are updated and implemented rigorously can influence clinical practice in complex decision problems.
Late diverging event curves for survival following IIb/IIIa antagonism in patients with unstable angina: PARAGON study 1-year follow-up
Authors: D.J. Moliterno, R.A. Harrington, K.L. Newby, P.W. Armstrong, F. Van de Werf, H.D. White, R.M. Califf, E.J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Ionic Mechanisms of Propagation in Cardiac Tissue
Authors: Robin M. Shaw, Yoram Rudy
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

In cardiac tissue, reduced membrane excitability and reduced gap junction coupling both slow conduction velocity of the action potential. However, the ionic mechanisms of slow conduction for the two conditions are very different. We explored, using a multicellular theoretical fiber, the ionic mechanisms and functional role of the fast sodium current, INa, and the L-type calcium current, ICa(L), during conduction slowing for the two fiber conditions. A safety factor for conduction (SF) was formulated and computed for each condition. Reduced excitability caused a lower SF as conduction velocity decreased. In contrast, reduced gap junction coupling caused a paradoxical increase in SF as conduction velocity decreased. The opposite effect of the two conditions on SF was reflected in the minimum attainable conduction velocity before failure: decreased excitability could reduce velocity to only one third of control (from 54 to 17 cm/s) before failure occurred, whereas decreased coupling could reduce velocity to as low as 0.26 cm/s before block. Under normal conditions and conditions of reduced excitability, ICa(L) had a minimal effect on SF and on conduction. However, ICa(L) played a major role in sustaining conduction when intercellular coupling was reduced. This phenomenon demonstrates that structural, nonmembrane factors can cause a switch of intrinsic membrane processes that support conduction. High intracellular calcium concentration, [Ca]i, lowered propagation safety and caused earlier block when intercellular coupling was reduced. [Ca]i affected conduction via calcium-dependent inactivation of ICa(L). The increase of safety factor during reduced coupling suggests a major involvement of uncoupling in stable slow conduction in infarcted myocardium, making microreentry possible. Reliance on ICa(L) for this type of conduction suggests ICa(L) as a possible target for antiarrhythmic drug therapy.
Diminishment of respiratory sinus arrhythmia foreshadows doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.
Authors: W J Hrushesky, D J Fader, J S Berestka, M Sommer, J Hayes, F O Cope
Journal: Circulation (1991)

The development of a microcomputer-based device permits quick, simple, and noninvasive quantification of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during quiet breathing.We prospectively and serially measured the radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction and the RSA amplitude in 34 cancer patients receiving up to nine monthly bolus treatments with doxorubicin hydrochloride (60 mg/m2). Of the eight patients who ultimately developed symptomatic doxorubicin-induced congestive heart failure, seven (87.5%) demonstrated a significant decline in RSA amplitude; five of 26 subjects without clinical symptoms of cardiotoxicity (19.2%) showed a similar RSA amplitude decline. On average, significant RSA amplitude decline occurred 3 months before the last planned doxorubicin dose in patients destined to develop clinical congestive heart failure.Overall, RSA amplitude abnormality proved to be a more specific predictor of clinically significant congestive heart failure than did serial resting radionuclide ejection fractions.
Springtime peaks of trace metals in Antarctic snow.
Authors: M Ikegawa, M Kimura, K Honda, K Makita, Y Fujii, Y Itokawa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Drifting snow samples were collected at Asuka Station (71 degrees 32'S, 24 degrees 08'E, 930 m above sea level) over a period from July to December 1991; 36 elements (including Na, Mg, K, Ca, Fe, Al, Li, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Se, Rb, Sr, Cd, Pb, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Th) in snow were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) by direct sample introduction. Concentrations of Cl-, NO3-, and SO(4)2- in the snow were also determined by ion chromatography. In late September to early October, there was a pronounced peak concentration of most of the elements together with non-sea salt sulfate. Enrichment factor analyses suggest that Na, Mg, Ca, K, and Sr are of marine origin and Al, Fe, Mn, Rb, Cr, Ni, Ga, V, and all the rare earth elements are of crustal origins. Volcanic eruption of Mt. Pinatubo (June 1991) and Mt. Hudson (August 1991) could be the reason for the precipitation of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Se together with non-sea salt sulfates in the austral spring at Asuka Station.
Surgical Emergencies of the Alimentary Tract of the Newborn
Authors: Orvar Swenson, William E. Ladd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

IN THE newborn infant there occur not too infrequently congenital anomalies that, left untreated, result in death. Prompt recognition and adequate surgical correction of the anomaly will result in a gratifying low mortality rate. There are usually no serious associated congenital anomalies so that with correction of the major difficulty the child becomes normal. Not only is the mortality in a given case directly related to promptness of diagnosis and proper surgical treatment, but the period of recovery and convalescence in the hospital is decreased.In the past there has been a well intrenched opinion among medical people that the . . .
Purification of Patient‐Related Allergens by Means of Bioaffinity Chromatography on a Sepharose Anti‐IgE Patient IgE Immunosorbent
Authors: I. Søndergaard, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1984)

A method is described for bioaffinity chromatographic purification of patient‐specific IgE reactive allergens by using sepharose coupled rabbit anti‐human IgE antibodies, patient serum and an allergen extract. The conditions for this bioaffinity chromatographic procedure have been optimised, and it was shown that the nonspecific binding of serum proteins and antigens can be kept at very low levels by a high ionic strength. The specificity of the method has been determined by showing that allergens to which the patient did not react were not bound to the affinity matrix. We suggest that the isolated allergens could be used for more specific immunotherapy in the future.
Psychotherapy and the Behavioral Sciences: Contributions of the Biological, Psychological, Social and Philosophic Fields to Psychotherapeutic Theory and Process
Authors: James Janecek
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Psychotherapists are often criticized as being unaware of the basic biological and social sciences. The primary purpose of this book is to fill this gap by summarizing and reviewing the "behavioral sciences." In addition it tries to help the psychotherapist integrate these contributions into his everyday practice. To accomplish these goals, the first 13 chapters consider individual fields, while the last hints at practical applications and future prospects. The first part of the book reviews the biological sciences. The chapter on neurophysiology has only 15 pages, and the relating of one fact after another, as well as the undefined, specialized jargon, may overwhelm the novice. The chapter on biochemistry is easier to understand, and the section on psychoactive drugs is of little use to the clinician. While the chapter on genetics, behavior genetics, and ethology is brief, yet if reread several times, it will prove of general interest and pertinence.
Controlled Clinical Trial of Clofazimine in Untreated Lepromatous Leprosy
Authors: A. B. A. Karat, A. Jeevaratnam, S. Karat, P. S. S. Rao
Journal: BMJ (1971)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Cleavage factor II (CF II) is a poorly characterized component of the multi-protein complex catalyzing 3’ cleavage and polyadenylation of mammalian mRNA precursors. We have reconstituted CF II as a heterodimer of hPcf11 and hClp1. The heterodimer is active in partially reconstituted cleavage reactions, whereas hClp1 by itself is not. Pcf11 moderately stimulates the RNA 5’ kinase activity of hClp1; the kinase activity is dispensable for RNA cleavage. CF II binds RNA with nanomolar affinity. Binding is mediated mostly by the two zinc fingers in the C-terminal region of hPcf11. RNA is bound without pronounced sequence-specificity, but extended G-rich sequences appear to be preferred. We discuss the possibility that CF II contributes to the recognition of cleavage/polyadenylation substrates through interaction with G-rich far-downstream sequence elements.
The P25L mutation in the KRT5 gene in a Japanese family with epidermolysis bullosa simplex with mottled pigmentation
Authors: T. Hamada, N. Ishii, Y. Kawano, Y. Takahashi, M. Inoue, S. Yasumoto, T. Hashimoto
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Sir, Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) with mottled pigmentation (EBS‐MP; OMIM 131960) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by acral intraepidermal blisters after minor trauma, mottled pigmentation on the trunk and extremities, punctuate palmoplantar hyperkeratoses, and nail dystrophy.1, 2 Histologically, basal keratinocyte degeneration and the basal cell layer level of splitting are similar to those seen in other subtypes of EBS. By electron microscopic examination, areas of vacuolization are seen adjacent to the nucleus, and atypical clumped keratin intermediate filaments are also demonstrated. Within a hyperpigmented lesion, basal keratinocytes contain abundant mature melanosomes. These are also observed within dermal melanophages and the cytoplasm of Schwann cells.1, 3 Keratin 5 (K5) and Keratin 14 (K14) are known to be essential for the basal keratinocyte cytoskeleton and are defective in several forms of EBS. Recently, the genetic basis of EBS‐MP has been reported in seven unrelated families of European origin to a heterozygous missense mutation: P25L in the nonhelical V1 domain of K5.3–6 This recurrent mutation may uniquely cause the EBS‐MP phenotype and suggests additional roles for keratin intermediate filaments, such as melanosome transportation. We report a Japanese family with two members affected with EBS‐MP. Analysis of the KRT5 gene also showed the P25L mutation.
Retrograde Catheter Localization for Percutaneous Renal Biopsy
Authors: James R. Colgan
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> Renal biopsy is often required to establish diagnosis and prognosis in the patient with acute or chronic renal disease. Selective localization of the renal cortex is often difficult, and an insufficient specimen may be obtained.<sup>1,2</sup>Infusion pyelography with fluoroscopy<sup>2</sup>has gained widespread acceptance but is not feasible in the acutely or severely anuric or severely uremic patient whose kidney function is inadequate to localize the contrast medium. Arteriography carries an additional morbidity risk factor if not otherwise clinically indicated.<sup>3</sup>Both of these procedures are also contraindicated in the patient allergic to organic iodides. Retroperitoneal air insufflation like-wise<sup>4</sup>has an associated morbidity factor and does not otherwise contribute to the evaluation. Retrograde pyelography may be required for localization and to exclude obstructive disease when kidney and collecting systems are not visualized with high-dose excretory pyelography. A renal biopsy may be easily performed with