tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Remarks on Unrecognised or Masked Cerebral Tuberculosis
Authors: J. S. Bristowe
Journal: BMJ (1884)

8A2 TA'-hkIfl '' [April 6, 884.[4-9 -~~~~~~~~~~ some even 'fatten on it.nIthot' only gives relief to tahi, Int en4#er lif tolerable, under circumstanmes: in which it would otherwise'be'one continuous term of su ering or agony till relieved by death, It need onlyfbe'limited in dose by its effect; it is the only drug we can depend on 'to' lessen,the severity of 'a surely' advancing disease, and need.not be stinted by any rule which' w'ould .apply to the treatineiit of disease not of a fatal or malignant c'haracter.The tolerance of opium'in many cases is very temarkable, the quantiiy.being only measured-by its quieting'effects.,I wish to -offer a few'remarks of caution in the administration of opium, when reqcuisiteunder any circumstauces .for a continuance.Constipation is one of the evils to be guarded actainst.Sir BenjaminBrodie was in the'habit of advising us, in the wargs of St. ;Geo½ges Hos- p.tal, to prescribe calomel occasionally, when opium was requisite for .aconitinuance.It will, also, not unfrequently be found absolutely ieeessary to relieve the rectum by enemata, or even occasionally to break down hard accumulations of fa,iculent matter plugging up the rectum, but incapable of-being Voluntarily expelled.Tinder the latter circumstances' a frequent desire to defecate should arouse the suslicions of the medical attendant.A digital examilnation ventricoes, with much congestion and thickening of the.veluni inter- positum.and `,choroid 'plexuses, 'and abundance of tubercles in the velum.The 'brain-substance Was fairly' healthy,.,'There was no evi- dence of injiu,ry to the bones of the skull or to the soft parts within.The lungs, pleurn, heart, and pericardium were free from tubercles, and healthy.The abdominal organs were not examined.,-SA~E II. 7.^zberculctr Meningitis; Symptoms coming on after a Blow; O Death; NVcropay.-J. A. B., a boy two-and-a-half years old, was ad- mitted under my care on April 8th, 1882.He had had good health up to the present illness, with the exception that, about a year pre- viously, he had had two convulsive its, attributed to teething.On March 21st, he accidentally fell downstairs, cried, and said he had hurt his head; but he soon recovered, and continued well until the 24th, on which day he refused his food.In thenight he was sick.Thenext day he ran about; but he was feverish and fret ul, and still refused his food He continued in much the same state for the next fortnight, suffering especially from loss of appetite, sickness, and constipation.On the
A New Operative Method for Exposing the Seminal Vesicles and Prostate for Extirpation.
Authors: John S. Pyle
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Toledo, Ohio, August 2, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Dr. Fuller, in the issue ofThe Journal, July 6, in replying to my letter failed to notice that my contention was with him, and not Zuckerkandl. I know nothing about a Zuckerkandl operation upon the prostate. I have been contesting the claims of Dr. Fuller, trusting that if I showed that my claims and those that he makes were alike, that he would accept his own construction that there is a real difference between the claims of Zuckerkandl and the claims which I made and published in the<i>Medical Record</i>, August 6, 1892. My charge is that Dr. Fuller has changed the position of my patient from the dorsal to the ventral decubitus, after the suggestion of Von Dittel and Kraske, and, in an unimportant way, altered the U-shaped form of my incision through the skin to two horizontal lines along
CONGENITAL CYSTIC KIDNEY.
Authors: WILLIAM JEPSON
Journal: JAMA (1901)

In accepting the opportunity kindly offered me by the Chairman of this Section to present the clinical history of a case of unilateral cystic kidney in a child of 4 months and 14 days, I am actuated by the hope that the rarity of the condition, at least as far as I am able to determine, may elicit a degree of interest which would otherwise not be merited by the report. The salient points in the case, briefly stated, are the following: The child, Freda W., female, born July 13, was the second child of German-American parents; from the time of birth until 2 or 3 days prior to securing this history she was seemingly possessed of perfect health. November 27, Dr. Stidworthy was called to see the child on account of vomiting and constipation, no evacuation of the bowels having occurred for nearly 48 hours. On the evening of
Letter: Oxytocin in labour and neonatal jaundice.
Authors: S Gould, D Barnardo, U Mountrose
Journal: BMJ (1974)

uterine activi-ty were significantly greater in the oxytocin group than in the PGE2 group.In the augmentation series2 the difference between the two drugs was even nore apparent.The augmentation-to-delivery interval, the mean basal uterine tone, the mean frequency of contractions, nausea, vomiting, ketosis, pyrexia, and late fetal heart decelerations were all significantly higher in the oxytocin group than in the PGE2 group.Returning to Mr. Charnberlain's observa- tion that preselection of high-risk infants may explain the findings of Mr. Liston and Mr. CaQbell, our data demonstrate that the oxytocic used is undoubtedly a contributory factor.They also show that this is less sig- nificant with PGE2 than with oxy,tocin.We therefore support Mr. Liston and Mr.Campbell's sugestion that the use of oxytocin can be hazardous and, while PGE2 appears to be kinder to the uterus and fetus, the possible dangers of all oxytocics should never be forgotten.-Weare, etc.,
COMPLEMENT DEVIATION IN SCARLET FEVER WITH COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE WASSERMANN AND NOGUCHI SYSTEMS
Authors: John A. Kolmer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1911)

The Wassermann reaction in scarlet fever per se is uniformly negative. The antigen of scarlet fever liver yields practically the same results as that of luetic liver, and both fail to deviate complement with scarlet fever antibodies. The Noguchi reaction in scarlet fever is practically negative. Sixteen cases, or 6.4 per cent. of 250 cases, were positive when active serum was used; with inactivated serum, but eleven, or 4.4 per cent., remained positive. Five of these eleven cases were also positive with the Wassermann system. In other words, sixteen cases, or 6.4 per cent., were positive according to the Noguchi system with active or inactivated serum or both, whereas with the Wassermann system only 2 per cent. were positive. The presence of anti-sheep hemolysin normally in human serum is one of the main disturbing factors in the Wassermann system; for this reason, complement and hemolysin (made by immunization of rabbits) require careful titration. A positive Wassermann reaction usually indicates the presence of syphilitic antibodies, and a negative Noguchi reaction, their absence, and both systems should be used in the examination of all cases.
Ischemic Vascular Necrosis Associated with Uremic Hyperparathyroidism.
Authors: Robert M. Gipstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Ischemic Vascular Necrosis Associated with Uremic Hyperparathyroidism.Robert M. Gipstein, M.D., Donald A. Adams, M.D., F.A.C.P., Jack W. Coburn, M.D., F.A.C.P.Robert M. Gipstein, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Donald A. Adams, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Jack W. Coburn, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-874_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTwo recent reports have indicated that necrotizing skin and digital lesions may occur in association with the secondary hyperparathyroidism of chronic renal disease. Two such instances were seen. The first was in a 22-year-old white woman with chronic glomerulonephritis who, 14 months after receiving a renal transplant, developed patchy, necrotizing skin lesions in both lower legs at a time when most serum calcium determinations were at the upper limit of normal. Subtotal extirpation of four hyperplastic parathyroid glands lead to slow healing of the lesions. Serum parathormone levels are pending. Serum calcium determinations have fallen to low normal values. The... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 874-874KeywordsCalciumGlomerulonephritisHyperparathyroidismLesionsNecrosisParathyroidParathyroid hormoneRenal diseasesRenal transplantation Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF LEAFLET ELONGATION IN NON–PROLAPSING MITRAL SEGMENT IN PATIENTS WITH SINGLE SEGMENT PROLAPSE: IN VIVO MITRAL LEAFLET GEOMETRY ANALYSIS USING 3D FULL VOLUME DATA
Authors: Jeong Yoon Jang, Byung Joo Sun, Seungmo Kang, Dae–Hee Kim, Jong–Min Song, Duk–Hyun Kang, Jae–Kwan Song
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Diagnosis and Therapy of Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: Yeu-Tsu N. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This book compiles 41 papers presented at a 1972 meeting of four German radiological associations. The first part deals with the anatomy, pathology, and immunopathology of malignant lymphoma. Unspecific mesenchymal reactions in the liver and bone marrow received attention in great depth. It is hard to see how the authors can conclude that a "laparoscopy for liver and spleen biopsy is an essential diagnostic procedure in all Hodgkin's disease cases, whether or not a splenectomy is performed." The second part covers investigative procedures used in defining the extent of involvement. The European physicians appeared to have greater faith in lymphangiograms whereas splenectomies have met with reservation or criticism. Thus, selected series of German and American studies are presented to point out indications for staging laparotomies. Progress reports of a few clinical trials using chemotherapy and radiotherapy in England and Europe were given. The format of presentation in this book could
Abstract 1377: Transcriptional silencing of MST1/Hippo by a coordinated MYC and EZH2 signaling in prostate cancer
Authors: Gamze Kuser Abali, Ahmet Alptekin, Bekir Cinar
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death in western countries because of the poorly understood disease mechanisms. Hippo-like MST1 protein kinase regulates cell growth, stem cell self-renewal and carcinogenesis. The loss of Mst1 expression is implicated in the etiology several types of cancers with poor prognosis, including prostate cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of Mst1 transcriptional downregulation in prostate cancer is unknown. Here, we report that MYC and EZH2 function as epigenetic suppressors of MST1 in human prostate cancer cells. We showed that decline in MST1 expression correlated with EZH2 and MYC upregulation as demonstrated by reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. Using methylation sensitive PCR and bisulfite genomic DNA sequencing, we showed that Mst1 promoter DNA was methylated at CpG sites that led to a reduction in MST1 expression. Our pharmacologic or RNAi experiments revealed that EZH2 contributed to MST1 silencing by inducing MST1 promoter DNA methylation and H3K27me3 modification that was accompanied by a reduced H3K4me3 mark and RNA polymerase II occupancy on MST1 promoter and thereby reducing its promoter activity and expression. On the other hand, overexpression of MYC stimulated EZH2 and conversely reduced MST1 promoter activation and its mRNA levels. Potent EZH2 inhibitors reversed the MYC effects on MST1, indicating that MYC attenuates MST1 through EZH2. Moreover, MST1 knockdown caused cell resistance to androgen deficiency and to EZH2, or MYC inhibitor-induced growth retardation. These findings indicate that MYC cooperates with EZH2 to epigenetically silence MST1 and suggest that the loss of MST1/Hippo is critical for MYC- and EZH2-driven cancer cell survival. Citation Format: Gamze Kuser Abali, Ahmet Alptekin, Bekir Cinar. Transcriptional silencing of MST1/Hippo by a coordinated MYC and EZH2 signaling in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1377. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1377
THE ADMINISTRATION OF COD LIVER OIL
Authors: Henry J. Gerstenberger
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Frequently I have been asked at the end of the many talks that I have given to both professional and lay audiences, in connection with the use of cod liver oil in the prevention of rickets, the following question: How do you disguise the annoying taste of cod liver oil? How do you administer cod liver oil? What do you do when a child refuses to take cod liver oil? What do you do when cod liver oil upsets the digestion of the infant or child? To all these questions but one answer has been given, namely: Cod liver oil should be given once daily on an empty stomach and when most of the family members are likely to be at home. In other words, the cod liver oil should be given in whatever dose thought necessary before breakfast. If under these circumstances the child vomits its first dose,
Has Misdiagnosis of Appendicitis Decreased Over Time?
Authors: David R. Flum, Arden Morris, Thomas Koepsell, E. Patchen Dellinger
Journal: JAMA (2001)

THE most frequently performed surgical procedures in the United States and the most common surgical emergency of the abdomen.Despite a lifetime cumulative incidence of nearly 7%, 1 diagnosis of appendicitis remains a challenge.The risk of 2 primary adverse outcomes must be balanced in management of presumed appendicitis: perforation, often occurring in the prehospital setting, 2 and misdiagnosis, resulting in removal of a normal appendix.Although reduction of the frequency of appendiceal perforation has received much scrutiny, the factors leading to misdiagnosis are less understood.To reduce the incidence of perforation, the surgical community traditionally accepts that approximately 15% of appendectomies overall and 20% in women will yield a noninflamed appendix. 3,46][7] This relatively high rate of unnecessary appendectomy is being challenged in some quarters as an outdated standard, given the dramatic expansion of diagnostic testing options for appendicitis during the last decade. 8Indeed, many investigators have demonstrated that in research environ-ments, advanced diagnostic testing using computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), and laparoscopy decreases the frequency of misdiagnosis. 9-14These diagnostic tests are often targeted toward populations deemed at increased risk for misdiagnosis: children, the elderly, and women of reproductive age.The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the frequency of
Epidemic occupational dermatitis caused by Pronematus davisi (Acari: Tydeidae)
Authors: L. Stingeni, M. Principato
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Epidemic occupational dermatitis caused by Pronematus davisi (Acari: Tydeidae) Get access L. Stingeni, L. Stingeni Section of Allergological and Environmental Dermatology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Policlinico Monteluce, I‐06100 Perugia, Italy *Parasitology Institute, Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy E‐mail: dermalam@unipg.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Principato M. Principato Section of Allergological and Environmental Dermatology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Policlinico Monteluce, I‐06100 Perugia, Italy *Parasitology Institute, Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy E‐mail: dermalam@unipg.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 5, 1 May 2002, Pages 929–930, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04708.x Published: 01 May 2002
Calcium infusion test in osteomalacia: an appraisal.
Authors: J. V. Lever, C. R. Paterson, D. B. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1967)

ConclusionsUnder the conditions of this trial heparin did not exert an analgesic effect in myocardial infarction greater than that of a placebo, nor did it affect the pulse rate or diastolic blood pressure.There was no significant alteration in the electro- cardiographic tracings of six patients who received heparin. SummaryA double-blind trial was performed to determine the effect of intravenous heparin on myocardial pain, pulse rate, diastolic blood pressure, and the electrocardiographic tracing.No significant differences were found from the placebo effects of intravenous saline.I am indebted to Drs.F. A. Richards, R. A. Moir, J. D. Craig, and M.
Selling Cigarettes in VA Hospitals
Authors: Robert Lebow
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We can make a tremendous impact on certain disease and death rates<sup>1-3</sup>and take an impressive step toward solving the hospital cost problem<sup>4</sup>by requesting, as concerned citizens,<sup>5</sup>that our largest group of public hospitals, viz, the Veterans Administration hospitals, halt the sale of (tax-exempt, hence tax-supported) cigarettes.
Vasectomy and Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer: A 24-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Mohummad Minhaj Siddiqui, Kathryn M. Wilson, Mara M. Epstein, Jennifer R. Rider, Neil E. Martin, Meir J. Stampfer, Edward L. Giovannucci, Lorelei A. Mucci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Conflicting reports remain regarding the association between vasectomy, a common form of male contraception in the United States, and prostate cancer risk. We examined prospectively this association with extended follow-up and an emphasis on advanced and lethal disease.Among 49,405 U.S. men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, age 40 to 75 years at baseline in 1986, 6,023 patients with prostate cancer were diagnosed during the follow-up to 2010, including 811 lethal cases. In total, 12,321 men (25%) had vasectomies. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% CIs of total, advanced, high-grade, and lethal disease, with adjustment for a variety of possible confounders.Vasectomy was associated with a small increased risk of prostate cancer overall (RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.17). Risk was elevated for high-grade (Gleason score 8 to 10; RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.45) and lethal disease (death or distant metastasis; RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.43). Among a subcohort of men receiving regular prostate-specific antigen screening, the association with lethal cancer was stronger (RR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.36). Vasectomy was not associated with the risk of low-grade or localized disease. Additional analyses suggested that the associations were not driven by differences in sex hormone levels, sexually transmitted infections, or cancer treatment.Our data support the hypothesis that vasectomy is associated with a modest increased incidence of lethal prostate cancer. The results do not appear to be due to detection bias, and confounding by infections or cancer treatment is unlikely.
HIV-specific CD8+ T cell proliferation is coupled to perforin expression and is maintained in nonprogressors
Authors: Stephen A. Migueles, Alisha C. Laborico, W. Lesley Shupert, M. Shirin Sabbaghian, Ronald Rabin, Claire W. Hallahan, Debbie Van Baarle, Stefan Kostense, Frank Miedema, Mary McLaughlin, Linda Ehler, Julia Metcalf, Shuying Liu, Mark Connors
Journal: Nature Immunology (2002)
Quality of Traditional Surveillance for Public Reporting of Nosocomial Bloodstream Infection Rates
Authors: Michael Y. Lin, Bala Hota, Yosef M. Khan, Keith F. Woeltje, Tara B. Borlawsky, Joshua A. Doherty, Kurt B. Stevenson, Robert A. Weinstein, William E. Trick, for the CDC Prevention Epicenter Program
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Central line-associated bloodstream infection (BSI) rates, determined by infection preventionists using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) surveillance definitions, are increasingly published to compare the quality of patient care delivered by hospitals. However, such comparisons are valid only if surveillance is performed consistently across institutions.To assess institutional variation in performance of traditional central line-associated BSI surveillance.We performed a retrospective cohort study of 20 intensive care units among 4 medical centers (2004-2007). Unit-specific central line-associated BSI rates were calculated for 12-month periods. Infection preventionists, blinded to study participation, performed routine prospective surveillance using CDC definitions. A computer algorithm reference standard was applied retrospectively using criteria that adapted the same CDC surveillance definitions.Correlation of central line-associated BSI rates as determined by infection preventionist vs the computer algorithm reference standard. Variation in performance was assessed by testing for institution-dependent heterogeneity in a linear regression model.Forty-one unit-periods among 20 intensive care units were analyzed, representing 241,518 patient-days and 165,963 central line-days. The median infection preventionist and computer algorithm central line-associated BSI rates were 3.3 (interquartile range [IQR], 2.0-4.5) and 9.0 (IQR, 6.3-11.3) infections per 1000 central line-days, respectively. Overall correlation between computer algorithm and infection preventionist rates was weak (ρ = 0.34), and when stratified by medical center, point estimates for institution-specific correlations ranged widely: medical center A: 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05 to 0.98; P = .04; medical center B: 0.76; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.93; P = .003; medical center C: 0.50, 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.83; P = .10; and medical center D: 0.10; 95% CI -0.53 to 0.66; P = .77. Regression modeling demonstrated significant heterogeneity among medical centers in the relationship between computer algorithm and expected infection preventionist rates (P < .001). The medical center that had the lowest rate by traditional surveillance (2.4 infections per 1000 central line-days) had the highest rate by computer algorithm (12.6 infections per 1000 central line-days).Institutional variability of infection preventionist rates relative to a computer algorithm reference standard suggests that there is significant variation in the application of standard central line-associated BSI surveillance definitions across medical centers. Variation in central line-associated BSI surveillance practice may complicate interinstitutional comparisons of publicly reported central line-associated BSI rates.
Medications for Sedation in Patients With Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Fu S. Xue, Xu Liao, Yu J. Yuan
Journal: JAMA (2012)

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