tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sputum Eosinophilia in Obstructive Lung Disease
Authors: RALPH L. EPSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 August 1971Sputum Eosinophilia in Obstructive Lung DiseaseRALPH L. EPSTEINRALPH L. EPSTEINSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-2-317 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent article by Dr. Macklem and colleagues entitled "Chronic Obstructive Disease of Small Airways" (Ann Intern Med74:167-177, 1971) describes a group of patients who are morphologically heterogenous but clinically and pathophysiologically similar. The cause of such pulmonary disease is frequently unclear, and, more often than not, the therapeutic maneuvers used are of little benefit. Occasionally, however, as in Case 5, results with steroids are dramatically successful. A simple but unfortunately neglected technique that may allow early recognition of patients such as the one in Case 5 is the examination of the sputum for presence of...References1. MULDER J: Bacteriology of bronchitis. Proc Roy Soc Med 49:773-774, 1956 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. HELMMAYLIVINGSTONE WJJ: Long-term oxytetracycline (Terramycin) therapy in advanced chronic respiratory infections. Lancet 2:630-633, 1954 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. BROWN H: Treatment of chronic asthma with prednisolone. Significance of eosinophils in the sputum. Lancet 2:1245-1247, 1958 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: MC Department of the Army Pulmonary Disease Service Madigan General Hospital Tacoma, Wash. 98431 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byInfection: The Real Culprit in Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema?Constituents of Sputum: A Simple MethodRALPH L. EPSTEIN 1 August 1971Volume 75, Issue 2Page: 317-318KeywordsChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseEosinophiliaLungsPulmonary diseasesSputumSteroids Issue Published: 1 August 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
The GFR and GFR decline cannot be accurately estimated in type 2 diabetics
Authors: Flavio Gaspari, Piero Ruggenenti, Esteban Porrini, Nicola Motterlini, Antonio Cannata, Fabiola Carrara, Alejandro Jiménez Sosa, Claudia Cella, Silvia Ferrari, Nadia Stucchi, Aneliya Parvanova, Ilian Iliev, Roberto Trevisan, Antonio Bossi, Jelka Zaletel, Giuseppe Remuzzi
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Intravenous amino acid therapy for kidney function in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gordon S Doig, Fiona Simpson, Rinaldo Bellomo, Philippa T Heighes, Elizabeth A Sweetman, Douglas Chesher, Carol A Pollock, Andrew Ross Davies, John A Botha, Peter W J Harrigan, Michael C Reade
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2015)
Self-Regulation Method: Psychological, Physiological and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Akira Ikemi, Sayuri Tomita, Masahiro Kuroda, Yoshiaki Hayashida, Yujiro Ikemi
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1986)

Body-oriented therapies as relaxation training and certain forms of meditation are gaining popularity in the treatment and prevention of psychosomatic disorders. In this paper, a new method of self-control called self-regulation method (SRM), derived from autogenic training and Zen meditation, is presented. The technique of SRM is introduced. Secondly, physiological studies on SRM using skin temperature, galvanic skin response, and cortical evoked potentials are presented. Thirdly, the results of psychological tests conducted on SRM are presented. These psycho-physiological studies suggest that SRM may elicit a state of 'relaxed alertness'. Fourthly, clinical applications of SRM are discussed, and 3 cases are presented. Finally, SRM is discussed in relation to the psychology and physiology of 'relaxed alertness'.
Generalised osteoarthritis: a hormonally mediated disease.
Authors: T D Spector, G D Campion
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

A variety of clinical, pathological, and epidemiological data has suggested that generalised osteo- arthritis may be hormonally mediated.This article studies the available evidence and possible mechan- isms involved.Osteoarthritis (OA) is a group of clinically heterogeneous disorders unified by the pathological features of hyaline cartilage loss and subchondral bone reaction.Population studies indicate the extremely high prevalence of OA (over the age of 70 up to 90% of the population have some radiological evidence of OA') and the sexual differences in its clinical presentation.Osteoarthritis in women more commonly affects multiple joints and is usually more severe than in men.'The apparent prominence of women presenting with polyarticular symptoms in middle age has fuelled speculation that there may be some relation between the onset of OA and the menopause.These ideas are not new; in 1805 Haygarth noted 'the nodosities of the joints are almost peculiar to women and begin when the menses naturally cease'.2The term 'menopausal arthritis' was first coined as early as 1920 and has been given various synonyms, including climacteric arthritis, endocrine arthritis, hypoglandular arthritis, and chronic villous arthritis. Clinical studiesIn 1925 Cecil and Archer reported a form of OA which they described as 'a chronic polyarthritis of obese middle-aged women, occurring at or just after the menopause and characterised by persistent pain and stiffness in the joints affected'.They described 50 women with this condition, which was associated
KIR ligand C2 is associated with increased susceptibility to childhood ALL and confers an elevated risk for late relapse
Authors: Florian Babor, Angela R. Manser, Johannes C. Fischer, Nadine Scherenschlich, Jürgen Enczmann, Olympe Chazara, Ashley Moffett, Arndt Borkhardt, Roland Meisel, Markus Uhrberg
Journal: Blood (2014)
ACUTE ATROPHY OF THE LIVER FROM CHLOROFORM POISONING.
Authors: H. E. CUSHING
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>History.</h3> —On Aug. 23, 1906, I operated on Mrs. C., aged 27, for appendicitis. She had had two previous attacks and refused operation for three days before I operated. Her history, except the previous attacks, has no bearing on the case. She had taken nothing into the stomach but water for 48 hours, and only one-half cup of chocolate for 64 hours. The bowels had been loose before the attack and were in the best of condition at the time of the operation. The administration of chloroform was begun at 9:45 a. m., and lasted one and one-half hours. It was given with great care and was well taken, but required a large quantity, four ounces being used. The operation was what we call clean. The patient rallied well from the anesthetic, vomited only three times, the last time at 5 p. m., and was only slightly nauseated. <h3>Postoperative History</h3>
Neurosurgery: An Historical Sketch
Authors: Gilbert Horrax
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Variations in Electrocardiographic Responses during Exercise
Authors: PAUL N. G. YU, ROBERT A. BRUCE, FRANK W. LOVEJOY, MARION E. MCDOWELL
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Precordial electrocardiograms were taken before, during, and after exercise in 20 normal subjects and in 48 patients with cardiopulmonary diseases. Analysis of the findings was based on changes in Q-T interval, alterations in QRS, RS-T and T waves and on presence or absence of premature beats. Whereas in performing standard tests, normal subjects showed no evidence of coronary insufficiency, in about two-thirds of the patients abnormal changes were demonstrable. Definite RS-T depression and changes in Q-T interval were also observed in normal subjects under unusual stresses. The electrocardiographic changes during exertion were discussed and emphasized.
Abstract C47: Assessing the role of Wnt secretion in prostate cancer skeletal metastasis
Authors: Kenneth C. Valkenburg, Bart O. Williams
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Aberrant Wnt signaling is associated with prostate cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and bone metastasis. Bone metastasis is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced prostate cancer. No curative treatment currently exists for patients with bone metastasis. Wnt signaling plays an integral role in the bone-tumor environment during prostate cancer bone metastasis, particularly osteoblastic lesion formation, but the cell type that secretes Wnt ligands in this process is unknown. This knowledge would result in improved targeting strategies for chemotherapeutics. We hypothesize that Wnt ligand secretion by prostate tumor cells is necessary to establish and/or mediate progression of prostate tumor growth and associated bone formation within the skeleton. We targeted two proteins that are essential for Wnt secretion. Porcupine (Porcn) is an acyltransferase responsible for adding fatty acids to Wnt ligands, which precedes their interaction with the chaperone protein Wntless (Wls). Both Porcn and Wls are essential for Wnt ligand secretion. Without secretion, Wnt ligands are retained inside Wnt-producing cells, and therefore cannot activate Wnt receptors in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Using shRNA, we created stable Wls knockdown C42B4 prostate cancer cell lines and confirmed knockdown via quantitative PCR. We saw that when Wls is knocked down by approximately 95%, the Wnt target gene Axin2 decreased in expression by approximately 50%. This indicates that autocrine signaling is occurring in these cells, supporting our hypothesis. We have also generated three xenograft models in immune-deficient Nod-Scid-ILR2gamma-deficient (NSG) mice and are currently assessing the ability of Wls-deficient cells to metastasize and establish tumors in bone. In addition, we will treat mice injected with prostate cancer cells with a chemical Porcn inhibitor to determine the therapeutic value of such inhibitors in treating advanced prostate cancer. Given that Porcn inhibitors are in early stage human clinical trials for other cancers, our work could provide support for using said inhibitors for treatment of patients with advanced prostate cancer. Citation Format: Kenneth C. Valkenburg, Bart O. Williams. Assessing the role of Wnt secretion in prostate cancer skeletal metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C47.
Improving Safety and Quality of Care With Enhanced Teamwork Through Operating Room Briefings
Authors: Caitlin W. Hicks, Michael Rosen, Deborah B. Hobson, Clifford Ko, Elizabeth C. Wick
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

To describe the current state of the science for operating room (OR) briefings and debriefings, including an overview of key definitions, a review of the evidence of effectiveness, and a summary of our experiences as part of a comprehensive unit-based safety program.Use of preoperative briefings has been shown to improve team communication, decrease disruptions to surgical workflow, improve compliance with antibiotic and deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, and improve overall perceptions about the safety climate in the OR. Studies have demonstrated that an effective briefing can be performed in less than 2 minutes and reduce delays by more than 80%. Effective implementation involves changing workflows and expectations of interaction among OR team members, including participation from leaders at all levels. Briefings and debriefings are a strategy for revealing defects and facilitating adaptive change in the OR.Briefings and debriefings are a good method for improving teamwork and communication in the OR. Effective implementation may be associated with improved patient outcomes. Commitment by the participating providers is essential for effective briefings, which include discussion of relevant information pertaining to the procedure.
The autoactivation of rabbit hageman factor
Authors: RC Wiggins, CC Cochrane
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

Proteolytic cleavage and activation of isolated, single chain, zymogen Hageman factor was observed in the presence of kaolin alone. The rate of cleavage of kaolin-bound Hageman factor was enhanced 50-fold by the presence of prekallikrein and high molecular weight kininogen. The two-chain 82,000 dalton form of activated Hageman factor (α-HF(a)) also cleaved kaolin- bound single-chain Hageman factor in a dose-dependent manner, yielding fragments of 28,000 and, 50,000 dahons under reducing conditions. Cleavage of kaolin-bound single-chain Hageman factor was not inhibited by preincubation with diisopropylfluorophosphate (12 mM) for 10 min, but long-term incubation of Hageman factor with diisopropylfluorophosphate (up to 48 h) resulted in inhibition of cleavage of kaolin-bound Hageman factor to an extent proportional to the inhibition of procoagulant Hageman factor activity. Hageman factor cleavage was maximal when the kaolin concentration was {approximately} 10-fold greater than the Hageman factor concentration (wt:wt), and was partially inhibited by high molecular weight kininogen. Kaolin-bound Hageman factor cleaved clotting factor XI in an amount which correlated with the extent of cleavage of the Hageman factor. These findings are compatible with the concept that single-chain Hageman factor and α- HF(a), are both capable of cleaving and activating kaolin-bound Hageman factor and that a close molecular association of kaolin-bound Hageman factor molecules is required for this reaction.
Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: a clinicopathological, immunophenotypic and molecular analysis of six patients
Authors: S.R. Hoque, F.J. Child, S.J. Whittaker, S. Ferreira, G. Orchard, K. Jenner, M. Spittle, R. Russell-Jones
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma of the skin. In the World Health Organization classification of T-cell and natural killer cell lymphoma it is listed as an example of extranodal lymphoma. In practice, however, it is most likely to present to a dermatologist.To describe the clinicopathological, immunophenotypic and molecular features of six U.K. patients with SPTCL.The clinical, histological and immunophenotypic features were reviewed. T-cell receptor (TCR) gene analysis was performed on blood and tissue samples using polymerase chain reaction/single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis of the TCR-gamma gene using consensus primers. In situ hybridization was performed on lesional skin to detect mRNA for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).All patients presented with subcutaneous nodules, plaques or ulceration, and three had systemic symptoms. All biopsies exhibited an infiltrate of medium to large pleomorphic cells involving the subcutis with characteristic rimming of fat spaces. Five showed areas of necrosis, but only one showed marked cytophagia. In three cases the neoplastic cells did not express TCR-beta. One was strongly p53 positive, and the other two were CD56 positive. Both these patients showed epidermal involvement with lichenoid changes histologically, and both developed the haemophagocytic syndrome. The other three cases were TCR-beta positive, CD8 positive and CD56 negative. All cases were positive with pan T-cell markers and also for the cytotoxic granule protein T-cell intracellular antigen-1 and granzyme B. All cases were EBV negative both by immunostaining (latent membrane protein-1) and by in situ hybridization (EBV-encoded mRNA). TCR gene analysis revealed a T-cell clone in four of five cases; two of these patients had an identical T-cell clone in the peripheral blood. The median survival was 16 months. However, two of the three TCR-beta-negative patients have died, whereas none of the TCR-beta-positive patients has died.This is the first series of SPTCL patients to be reported in the U.K. and the data support the view that there are two subsets of SPTCL: those derived from gammadelta T cells which carry a poor prognosis, and are usually CD56 positive, and a more indolent group derived from alphabeta T cells.
Images of the good doctor in Western medicine
Authors: C. O'Boyle
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Early Greek medicine was based on the notion that health and disease were consequences of divine intervention. In the fifth century BC a new secular, rational approach to medicine emerged, based on investigations of the human body in terms of natural causes operating in rationally discernible ways. These principles subsequently formed the basis of good medical practice in Western medicine. This painting of a Greek vase, dating from 480-460 …
An On-Line Computer System for Initial Psychiatric Inventory
Authors: RICHARD STILLMAN, WALTON T. ROTH, KENNETH MARK COLBY, C. PETER ROSENBAUM
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

CASE, an on-line computer system, is used to elicit and record mental status, psychometric, and personal history information directly from the patient without the aid of an interviewer. Branching instructions can be programmed to present detailed questions in a particular area in much the same way that the clinician explores significant patient responses in depth. The authors explore future potentials for the system, including instant and extensive comparisons and classifications of patient responses and the signaling of improvement or impending crises.
1088-115 Partial fatty acid inhibition by trimetazidine improves left ventricular function in patients with heart failure of different etiologies
Authors: Gabriele Fragasso, Altin Palloshi, Carmen Silipigni, PierMarco Piatti, Lucilla Monti, Emanuela Setola, Giorgio Bassanelli, Chiara Montano, Alberto Margonato
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leucocyte functions in vivo by Yersinia enterocolitica lipopolysaccharide.
Authors: K.T Hartiala, I Granberg, A Toivanen, M Viljanen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

A single intravenous injection of 5 micrograms of Yersinia enterocolitica lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibits rabbit polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) chemotaxis, enzyme secretion, and respiratory burst activation in response to partially purified rabbit C5a and leucotriene B4 (LTB4). Respiratory burst activation is also inhibited in response to platelet activating factor (PAF). In contrast, all these responses to n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) remain unaltered. This LPS does not modulate PMN activation in vitro or activate the respiratory burst. Thus Y enterocolitica LPS acts in vivo by inhibiting PMN responses to endogenous mediators of inflammation. This inhibition presumably impairs the elimination of pathogens and might, therefore, provide favourable conditions for induction by bacteria of further immunological consequences.
Occult Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Stable Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Shahrokh Javaheri
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Objective: To determine the prevalence and effect of sleep-disordered breathing in ambulatory patients with stable, optimally treated congestive heart failure. Design: A prospective, longitudinal study. Setting: Referral sleep laboratory of a Department of Veterans Affairs medical center. Patients: 42 of the 48 eligible patients with stable congestive heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 45%). Measurements: After an adaptation night, polysomnography and Holter monitoring were done in the sleep laboratory. Arterial blood gases and pH were measured, and cardiac radionuclide ventriculography and pulmonary, renal, and thyroid function tests were done. Results: Patients were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 23) had an hourly rate of apnea and hypopnea (apnea–hypopnea index) of 20 episodes per hour or less; group II (n = 19 [45%; CI, 30% to 60%]) had an index of more than 20 episodes per hour. In group II, the index varied from 26.5 to 82.2 episodes per hour (mean ±SD, 44 ±13 episodes per hour; CI, 38 to 51 episodes per hour). Group II had significantly more arousals (24 ±12 compared with 3 ±3 in group I) that were directly attributable to episodes of apnea and hypopnea, longer periods of time with an arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation of less than 90% (23% ±24% of total sleep time compared with 2% ±4%), lower arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation during sleep (74% ±13% compared with 87% ±4%), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (22% ±9% compared with 30% ±10%), and a significantly increased number of episodes of nocturnal ventricular arrhythmias. Multiple regression analyses showed that left ventricular systolic dysfunction was an independent risk factor for sleep apnea in patients with congestive heart failure. Conclusions: The prevalence of severe occult sleep-disordered breathing is high in ambulatory patients with stable, optimally treated chronic congestive heart failure. The breathing episodes are associated with severe nocturnal arterial blood oxyhemoglobin desaturation and excessive arousals. Severe untreated sleep-disordered breathing may adversely affect left ventricular function, resulting in a vicious cycle that could contribute to death in patients with congestive heart failure. Prospective, longitudinal studies on survival are needed.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Association of Circulating Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Activity With Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in the Community”
Authors: Ramachandran S. Vasan, Michael J. Pencina, Sander J. Robins, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Guneet Kaur, Justin P. Zachariah, Jose M. Ordovas
Journal: Circulation (2010)

With Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in the Community"We thank Dr Quinta ˜o for correctly noting that the recent prospective analysis from our group using Framingham Offspring Study data indicated an inverse association of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity with the incidence of cardiovascular disease events, 1 whereas a prior publication noted a direct relation of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity with the prevalence of coronary heart disease. 2 We submit that differences in study design (prospective versus cross-sectional) likely account for these differences.We also submit that the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with any potential biomarker is best evaluated by longitudinal studies.Indeed, a recent study reported a similar inverse relation of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein concentration and cardiovascular mortality in a high-risk sample.