tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SILICON GRANULOMA OF SKIN
Authors: Carey P. McCord
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The Journalfor Oct. 20, 1951 (page 751) presents an article by Drs. Ginsberg and Becker entitled "Silicon Granuloma of Skin Due to Traumatic Sand Inoculation." This article is admirable in that it provides an excellent description of a pathologic condition probably of frequent occurrence but rarely recognized by the medical profession. Possibly the choice of some terminology is unfortunate. Silicon, the element, does not exist in nature and could not even remotely lead to granulomas. Its implied identification with sand may not be warranted. Silicon, the element, is produced in electric furnaces, in fair tonnage, and is used in such industries as aluminum smelting and recovery. Silicon presently is regarded as one of the most inert of all substances. Silica granulomas readily may appear, but silica is silicon dioxide. As between silicon and silica there is a striking dissimilarity in physiologic response. Silica readily produces tissue
Effects of Endurance Training on Glucose Tolerance and Plasma Lipid Levels in Older Men and Women
Authors: Douglas R. Seals
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Eleven healthy men and women (63 +/- 1 years) participated in a 12-month endurance-training program to determine the effects of low-intensity and high-intensity training on glucose tolerance and plasma lipids in older persons. Plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide concentrations were measured for three hours after ingestion of 100 g of glucose and the total areas under the respective curves were calculated. Total plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations were determined during fasting. Maximal oxygen uptake increased 12% during six months of low-intensity training; a further 18% increase occurred during an additional six months of high-intensity training. Glucose tolerance, which was normal initially, was not significantly changed after training. However, the total area for insulin was 8% lower after low-intensity training, and 23% lower after high-intensity training, compared with before training. C-peptide concentrations were similarly reduced. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were unchanged after low-intensity training, but high-intensity training resulted in an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a reduction in triglycerides. These results demonstrate that older persons respond to prolonged, high-intensity endurance training with an increase in sensitivity to insulin and a favorable alteration in their plasma lipoprotein-lipid profile.
Myelomonocytic crisis with t(5;17) and a p53 mutation in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Hitoshi Nakagawa, Hiroshi Fujii, Hiroyuki Nakai, Johji Inazawa, Shinichi Misawa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract We report a 64‐year‐old Japanese man with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CYL) who expired with myelomonocytlc crisis. Cytogenetic analyses of chronic phase (CP) and accelerated phase (AP) cells revealed a Philadelphia chromosome and an isochromosome for the long arm of chromosome 17, i(17q). This karyotype was replaced by another karyotype in blast crisis (BC), resulting in near triploidy with t(5;17) (p15;p11) and loss of chromosome 17pter→p11. Interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization studies with a chromosome 17 specific alpha satellite DNA probe confirmed the presence of a clonal change in BC. In addition, singie‐strand conformation polymorphism analysis and PCR‐direct sequencing of BC cells revealed a point mutation at codon 203 of the p53 gene, G A G to G A G (Val to Glu), and loss of the normal allele. In contrast, no alterations of the p53 gene were found in CP and AP cells. Therefore, progression of CML in this patient appeared to be related to loss of 17p, as well as a mutation in the p53 gene. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High-Dose Acyclovir Compared with Short-Course Preemptive Ganciclovir Therapy To Prevent Cytomegalovirus Disease in Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Nina Singh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To assess the efficacy of high-dose oral acyclovir therapy compared with preemptive, short-course ganciclovir therapy (administered only if cytomegalovirus [CMV] shedding occurred) to prevent CMV disease in liver transplant recipients. Design: A randomized, controlled trial. Setting: Liver transplant center at a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Patients: 47 consecutive patients having liver transplantation. Intervention: Patients were stratified by their CMV antibody status and the CMV antibody status of the donor and were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. Surveillance cultures for CMV (buffy coat and urine) were done every 2 to 4 weeks for 24 weeks in all patients. One group received high-dose oral acyclovir (800 mg four times daily). The experimental group received no acyclovir, but if surveillance cultures were positive, ganciclovir (5 mg/kg intravenously twice daily) was administered for 7 days. Measurements: Cytomegalovirus shedding and CMV disease were measured in the two groups. Results: Cytomegalovirus shedding before the onset of CMV disease occurred in 25% (6 of 24) of patients in the acyclovir group compared with 22% (5 of 23) in the experimental group. Cytomegalovirus disease developed in 29% (7 of 24) of the acyclovir group and in 4% (1 of 23) of the experimental group (P < 0.05). No hematologic toxicity occurred with ganciclovir. Conclusion: Oral acyclovir is ineffective prophylaxis against CMV in liver transplant recipients. Preemptive, short-course ganciclovir therapy in patients with CMV shedding was well tolerated and provided effective prophylaxis against subsequent CMV disease; this protocol targets the patients at risk for CMV disease and minimizes toxicity and expense.
Collagenase pretreatment and the mitogenic effects of hepatocyte growth factor and transforming growth factor-α in adult rat liver
Authors: Meng-Lun Liu, Wendy M. Mars, Reza Zarnegar, George K. Michalopoulos
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Hepatocyte growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha are two well-known hepatomitogens for primary hepatocyte cultures. Here we report that these two growth factors also stimulate in vivo DNA syntheses in normal, unoperated, adult rat liver after 24-hr continuous intraportal infusion. As determined by an immunohistochemical staining technique, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation was increased in a dose-dependent fashion after infusion of up to 10 micrograms of growth factor/100 gm body weight in the rat. Stimulation of DNA synthesis was seen in the periportal area. Pretreatment using intraportal infusion of collagenase (1 U/kg body weight) for 4 hr before administration of growth factor increased the labeling by 2- to 4-fold to a labeling index range of 48% to 52%. These results suggest that collagenases and possibly other proteases are involved in making hepatocytes competent to respond to growth factors at very early stages of liver regeneration.
RESIDUAL VACCINES IN ACUTE BACTERIAL DISEASES
Authors: C. E. Jenkins
Journal: BMJ (1922)

RIESIDUAL VACCINES IN ACUTE BACTERIAL DISEASES.percentage with the Wassermana of no less than 92.44 per cent.(Sachs and Georgi, 1920).The most recent advance is that of Dreyer and Ward (1921), who follow in principle the metlhod of Sachs and Georgi, but prefer as antigen, on tlle ground of greater stability, one recommended by Bordet and Ruelens (1919) for Wassermann tests.To this antigen, which, according to Bordet and Ruelens, can itself be flocculated in the presence of luetic serum, Dreyer and Ward add cholesterin.They claim that with -a stable antigen and a refined technique in- volving the quantitative expressian of all degrees of floccula- tion, tlle test so conducted can lend itself to accurate standardization in terms of standard units.Time and experience on the large scale will show lhow far this claim is justified and compatible with practicability in tlhe hands of average workers, -whose power to translate visual impressions into arithmetical language is notoriously variable.In treated cases particularly, the superiority of quantitative readings in flocculation tests over tlle purely qualitative evidence of the Wassermann would be warmly acknowledged, and it-is to be hoped that tlle extensive parallel series whiclh we understand are in contemplation may furnish irnportant information on this point.The above sketclh is concerned solely with methods based on the mutual interaction of organic colloids and takes no account of the vaiious and, on the wlhole, unsatisfactory tests which involve merely the precipitation of serum globulins by electrolytes.
Allergy to Insect Stings
Authors: Ernst Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Horen, in his article, Insect and Scorpion Sting (221:894, 1972) neglected to mention the problem of the delayed, localized, allergic reaction to insect stings. This benign, but also very uncomfortable reaction is far more common than the immediate systemic reactions thoroughly discussed by Horen.  In the delayed, localized, allergic reaction, swelling and redness appear about 24 hours following the bite and after the localized toxic sting reaction has largely subsided. The swelling may become massive and can interfere with use of the extremity. Red streaks of lymphangitis are common. Itching is usual, although pain is absent or minimal.  Clinically, it is important to be aware of localized reactions to insect stings because of the following:   The resemblance of cellulitis may result in the patient being incorrectly treated with antibiotics. The pain and tenderness of cellulitis are usually absent in the localized insect bite allergic reaction.  Patients are often anxious
John Henry Rolland Ramsay
Authors: Crichton Ramsay, Wendy Seed
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Consultant chest physician Sunderland 1966-87 (b Glasgow 1922; q Glasgow 1946; OBE, FRFPS, FRCP Glas), died from a heart attack on 21 July 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




Rolland Ramsay became a consultant chest physician in Sunderland in 1966, working in all of the city's hospitals over the next 21 years. Nursing his terminally ill sister at home and noticing the needs of his own lung cancer patients, he realised the need for NHS-provided palliative care. In 1978 he and a colleague began campaigning for an NHS hospice in Sunderland. Their vision was realised in 1984 with the founding of St Benedict's Hospice (one of the first hospices funded solely by the NHS), of which Rolland was the first medical director. Predeceased by his wife, Yvonne, he leaves two children and four grandchildren.
Persistent atrial tachycardia in pregnancy.
Authors: W N Hubbard, B A Jenkins, D E Ward
Journal: BMJ (1983)

is uncertain, but this organism was assumed to be the cause of the endocarditis as no other organism was cultured.The endocarditis may have been caused, however, by a penicillin sensitive organism.Bacterial endocarditis secondary to acupuncture has not previously been reported, and the incidence of local infection after acupuncture is also not recorded.With the increasing popularity of acupuncture physicians may need to consider advising antibiotic prophylaxis to patients with cardiac lesions who intend having acupuncture.If Pseudomonas was the causal agent in the patient reported a normal prophylactic regimen would not have been adequate.We suggest, however, that oral amoxycillin would be suitable for skin prophylaxis for most patients although flucloxacillin might be con- sidered for those exposed to resistant staphylococci.
Calcium transport by skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum in the hypothyroid rat
Authors: Barry L. Fanburg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

The rate of calcium transport by isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum from rat skeletal muscle increases markedly during the first 4 wk of life and thereafter remains relatively constant. When animals are made hypothyroid during the first 3 wk of life, there is a marked inhibition of the increase in calcium transport by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Production of hypothyroidism after 4 wk of age, at which time the calcium transport by sarcoplasmic reticulum has reached maximum levels, results in a depression in the rate of calcium transport. There is no clear alteration in ATPase activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to account for the low calcium transport in hypothyroidism. It is proposed that the decrease in calcium transport by sarcoplasmic reticulum may account for observed alterations in the intrinsic contractile properties of muscle in the hypothyroid animal.
Imaging of an Invasive Malignant Thymoma on PET Scan: CT and Histopathologic Correlation
Authors: Sanjeev Bagga, Evan M. Bloch
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Thymomas are common primary mediastinal neoplasms. They can be benign or malignant. The diagnosis of malignant thymomas is based on capsular invasion, cellular atypia and distant metastases. We present a case of invasive malignant thymoma as diagnosed on PET and CT scan with histologic correlation and review of literature. A seventy year old Asian man presented with cough and dyspnea. A CT scan showed an anterior mediastinal mass, and a PET scan showed a hypermetabolic mass in the corresponding location. Resection of the mass revealed a minimally invasive thymoma based on evidence of capsular invasion. PET scan proved invaluable in correctly diagnosing, staging the lesion, and excluding any extramediastinal involvement.
A Phase II Study of Bevacizumab Combined with Modified Optimox-1 as First-Line Treatment for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Eisaku Sasaki, Atsushi Sato, Norisuke Nakayama, Soichi Tanaka, Ken Shimada, Kazuo Konishi, Kenji Hibi, Toshio Yamada, Yoshinori Kikuchi, Kazuhiko Hayashi, Haruhiro Nishina, Tsuneo Sasaki, Minoru Kurihara
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
No detection of HTLV-I proviral DNA in lesional skin biopsies from Swiss and German patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: R. BÖNI, A. DAVIS-DANESHFAR, G. BURG, D. FUCHS, G.S. WOOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

The search for an infective agent linked to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) has also included the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Using sensitive techniques such as Southern blotting under low stringency conditions of hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primer sets designed to match pol, env and pX sequences of HTLV-I, we have screened lesional skin biopsies of 50 Swiss and German patients suffering from CTCL. No evidence of proviral integration of HTLV-I could be demonstrated in any of our patients. Our results, as well as a review of the literature, indicate that at least for European patients, HTLV-I does not seem to play a role in the aetiology of CTCL.
Genetic influences on smoking: candidate genes.
Authors: M A Rossing
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Twin studies consistently indicate important genetic influences on multiple aspects of smoking behavior, including both initiation and cessation; however, knowledge regarding the role of specific genes is extremely limited. Habit-forming actions of nicotine appear to be triggered primarily at nicotinic receptors on the cell bodies of dopaminergic neurons in the mesolimbic "reward" system of the brain, a region implicated in addiction to other substances including cocaine, opiates, and alcohol. Important aspects of the dopaminergic pathway include synthesis of dopamine in dopaminergic neurons, release of dopamine by presynaptic neurons, receptor activation of postsynaptic neurons, dopamine re-uptake by presynaptic neurons, and metabolism of released dopamine. Research examining the role of allelic variation in genes involved in these functions is being actively pursued with respect to addictive behavior as well as personality traits and psycho- and neuropathologic conditions and has implications for smoking research. In addition, genetic differences in nicotinic receptors or nicotine metabolism might reasonably be hypothesized to play a role in smoking addiction. A role of dopaminergic or other genes in smoking cessation is of particular potential importance, as research in this area may lead to the identification of subgroups of individuals for whom pharmacologic cessation aids may be most effective.
THE EFFECT OF PAPILLARY MUSCLE INFARCTION ON LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING AND MITRAL REGURGITATION AFTER ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Takashi Tanimoto, Keizo Kimura, Hironori Kitabata, Yasushi Ino, Kenichi Komukai, Kohei Ishibashi, Yasutsugu Shiono, Makoto Orii, Kunihiro Shimamura, Keishi Okochi, Keisuke Satogami, Manabu Kashiwagi, Shigeho Takarada, Kumiko Hirata, Atsushi Tanaka, Masato Mizukoshi, Toshio Imanishi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
A Microassay for the Quantitation of Cytotoxic Antitumor Antibody: Use of 125I-Iododeoxyuridine as a Tumor Cell Labell
Authors: Bernard P. LeMevel, Samuel A. Wells
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

A microassay was developed for the detection of cytotoxic tumor-specific antibody against 125I-Iododeoxyuridine-labeled sarcoma cells induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in C57BL/6N mice. The technique used small amounts of serum and cells and was simple, sensitive, and objective.
Abstract LB-52: Increased incidence of cancer in the transgenic mice with 8-Lipoxygenase knocked out.
Authors: Rana Al-Fardan, Rabindra Karki, Changxiong Guo, Daotai Nie
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract 15-Lipoxygenase-2 (ALOX15B), an oxidoreductase in the metabolism of arachidonic acid, is a functional tumor suppressor whose expression is reduced in a variety of human cancers. To determine the roles of ALOX15B in carcinogenesis, we generated transgenic mice with ALOX8, the murine homolog of ALOX15B, knocked out. ALOX8 expression at mRNA level was abolished in homozygous knockout mice and reduced to half of wild type in heterozygous knockout mice. It's observed that homozygous female ALOX8 knockout mice are infertile but male ALOX8 knockout mice are fertile. Increased incidence of tumor as uni or multimass was found in the lung, prostate and in the mesentery region of homozygous and heterozygous ALOX8 knockout mice, when compared with little mate wild type mice. Histological evaluations showed an increase in secondary tumors and inflammation in different tissues like lung and large intestine in mice with ALOX8 knocked out. The transgenic mice could be a good model to study the role of 8-lipoxygenase in carcinogenesis and may provide insights into the tumor suppressing activities of human ALOX15B. Citation Format: Rana Al-Fardan, Rabindra Karki, Changxiong Guo, Daotai Nie. Increased incidence of cancer in the transgenic mice with 8-Lipoxygenase knocked out. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-52. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-52
A time capsule for patients with dementia?
Authors: Robert M Lawrence, Julia H Head
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

An individual who is approaching the end of a long life will often gain comfort from exploring his or her experiences in emotional and spiritual terms.This is widely recognized, and help is usually at hand for those wishing to address dilemmas relating to religion and values.However, this option will not be available to those who, because of dementia, have lost the ability to communicate on these matters.A caregiver or clinician may fail to grasp the experiences that hold religious and spiritual significance for the patient, and there has been little discussion of how mental health practitioners should address the issue.In this paper we present arguments that lead to the proposal for 'time capsules' whereby patients with early dementia can set down their thoughts and so exercise a degree of control over subsequent events.
Gulf states test foreigners for AIDS
Authors: P Kandela
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Foreign nationals entering Saudi Arabia will be asked to produce a certificate saying that they are free of infectious diseases, said the Saudi government last month. They will also be subject to routine tests for HIV.

Dr Yacoub bin Youssif el Mazroo, a senior official in the health ministry, said that they would be targeting foreign nationals who are in close contact with Saudi citizens.

The Saudi government does not routinely publish health statistics, and there are no reliable data on the incidence …
STUDIES ON OXIDATION AND REDUCTION BY PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: James M. Neill, Oswald T. Avery
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

Sterile filtrates of autolyzed anaerobic cultures of Pneumococcus contain much higher concentrations of active endocellular enzymes than do the filtrates of autolyzed aerobic cultures. These differences in the enzyme activity of the filtrates of aerobic and anaerobic cultures may be explained by a destruction of the formed enzymes by oxidation reactions analogous to the destruction previously observed during the oxidation of sterile broth extracts of unwashed pneumococcus cells. The occurrence of more complete destruction of enzyme activity in autolyzed aerobic cultures than in "oxidized" sterile cell extracts is probably due to the longer exposure to oxidation products.
Dermatology in the Artwork of Leonardo Da Vinci
Authors: Leonard J. Hoenig
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

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