tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Cholecystitis Following Surgery Unrelated to the Biliary Tract
Authors: Murray N. Levin
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THE OCCURRENCE of acute cholecystitis following surgical treatment of disease unrelated to the biliary tract is a problem in diagnosis and management. The purpose of this communication is to briefly record 5 such cases, with particular emphasis on etiology. The fact that 3 of these 5 patients died underlines the desirability of early recognition and treatment.  In 1947, Glenn1reported 17 cases of acute cholecystitis developing in the early postoperative period. Sparkman2in 1952 added 5 cases; Schwegman and DeMuth3in 1953 reported 17 cases occurring over a 23-year period; Glenn4in 1956 reported 18 additional cases occurring over a 9-year period between 1946 and 1955 on the surgical pavilions of the New York hospital; and 1 additional case was reported by Glenn and Redo5in 1960. Credit is due Glenn for first proposing that the etiology of this postoperative complication is directly related
Identifying risk factors for stillbirth
Authors: L. M. E. McCowan, K. M. Groom
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Efforts to improve detection of fetal growth restriction must be intensified 

In developed countries stillbirth is one of the few potentially avoidable maternal and child health complications that have not declined in recent decades.1 Stillbirth rates vary between and within countries, suggesting that it might be possible to reduce this devastating problem.2 A linked study by Gardosi and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.f108) adds important new insights into risk factors for non-anomalous singleton stillbirths after 24 weeks.3 The findings highlight the important contribution of the modifiable risk factors of fetal growth restriction (FGR) (especially when it is unrecognised before birth), smoking, and obesity.

In this English retrospective population based study, FGR is defined using a customised standard that correlates better with stillbirth than population birthweight references.4 5 FGR was recognised antenatally in 31% of women in the general population but in only 18% of women who went on to have a stillborn infant. Among pregnancies that ended in stillbirth, unrecognised FGR was associated with 32% of all deaths (relative risk for stillbirth 8.0, 95% confidence interval …
Acellular bi-layer silk fibroin scaffolds support functional tissue regeneration in a rat model of onlay esophagoplasty
Authors: Khalid Algarrahi, Debra Franck, Chiara E Ghezzi, Vivian Cristofaro, Xuehui Yang, Maryrose P Sullivan, Yeun Goo Chung, Saif Affas, Russell Jennings, David L Kaplan, Carlos R Estrada, Joshua R Mauney
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Mechanism of Expulsion of the Placenta
Authors: W. Lyon
Journal: BMJ (1872)

lead among their molecular constituents, and partly by the loss of nerv- ous power, in the way mentioned by Heubel, an uncertain intermittent contraction of the enfeebled fibres will in all probability replace that " sustained state of gentle contraction" which produces their II tone" in health, and consequently a general tremor of the affected muscle will quickly ensue.
Expert Witness Testimony
Authors: Leo Uzych
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent editorial by Dr Lundberg,<sup>1</sup>together with two related MEDICAL NEWS stories<sup>2,3</sup>in the same issue ofThe Journal, present an articulate, informed analysis of selected issues associated with the physician in the role of courtroom witness. Regrettably, law as practiced in the courtroom and medicine seem often-times to function as virtual polar opposites. Litigation by its nature is adversarial, whereas science is directed toward objectivity and truth gathering. Therefore, the expert medical witness may suffer a wrenching experience as a seasoned trial attorney tortures the "truth" in the effort to obtain a good result for the client. The suggestion in the editorial that it may be better for the court, rather than the litigants, to obtain the best, unbiased expert consultation and testimony is worthy of serious consideration. I have some questions about this, however. How will the court ascertain the "best" witness?
Low-Osmolar Contrast Agents
Authors: Helen G. Muhlbauer
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> We are writing to take issue with Mr Jacobson and Dr Rosenquist's<sup>1</sup>SPECIAL COMMUNICATION in the September 16 issue of<i>JAMA</i>entitled "The Introduction of Low-Osmolar Contrast Agents in Radiology." The authors proposed restricting low-osmolar contrast agents to high-risk patients to contain medical costs. They made three key assertions: (1) that a physician's failure to use the newest technology is not malpractice; (2) that the failure to inform the patient of this new technology is not a breach of the duty to inform; (3) that even if liability is found, the projected tort damages are still lower than the avoided cost. This reasoning is flawed. It is not always possible to identify the high-risk patient. In addition, as conceded by the authors, Judge Hand's formula<sup>2</sup>balancing risk vs benefit for tort liability is a general guide, not a basis for precise calculation. The plaintiff's bar
Clinical comparison of inhaled budesonide delivered either via pressurized metered dose inhaler or Turbuhaler®
Authors: T. Engel, J. H. Heinig, H.‐J. Malling, B. Scharling, K. Nikander, F. Madsen
Journal: Allergy (1989)

The aim of this open, randomized cross‐over study was to compare the efficacy and safety of inhaled budesonide administered either via a pressurised metered dose inhaler with a 750 ml spacer attached, or via a new dry powder inhaler, Turbuhaler ® , in 28 patients with stable bronchial asthma. During the 2‐week run‐in period, the patients received their ordinary inhaled steroid treatment. This was followed by two 4–week periods of active treatment with inhaled budesonide given via Turbuhaler or pressurized MDI. The patients were divided into two groups according to their previous, inhaled steroid doses. Group A received 400 μg of budesonide b.i.d, and Group B 800 μg of budesonide b.i.d. Diary cards were used by the patients at home to report asthma symptoms, (32‐agonist consumption, and PEF twice daily, as well as the number of coughs experienced in a 5‐min period after steroid inhalation. Budesonide Turbuhaler produced a significantly better effect on morning peak flow than budesonide MDI. The number of coughs in the 5 min after steroid inhalation was significantly lower with the Turbuhaler than with the MDI. In all other parameters recorded (e.g. FEV 1 , evening PEF, histamine PC 20 and other diary measurements) there were no statistically significant differences between the two devices. Turbuhaler was significantly more appreciated than MDI in all questions of preference. The study showed that budesonide via Turbuhaler was at least as effective and safe as budesonide via a pressurized MDI at daily doses of 800 and 1,600 μg. The absence of additives, the lower incidence of cough after dose intake, the easiness of use, and higher preference, make Turbuhaler a valuable contribution in the treatment of asthmatics.
[397] DETERMINATION OF YMDD VARIANTS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS POLYMERASE GENE BY DENATURING GRADIENT GEL ELECTROPHORESIS (DGGE) - A NOVEL APPROACH TO DRUG RESISTANCE MONITORING
Authors: K.P. Bielawski, W.A. Al-Soud, P. Stalke, T. Wadstrom
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Methodologic problems in establishing normal values for IgG subclass concentrations in a pediatric population; comparison of radial immunodiffusion and ELISA methods
Authors: T. Pressler, B. Mansa, S. S. Pedersen, F. Espersen, N. Høiby, C. Koch
Journal: Allergy (1994)

The aim of this study was to establish an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure IgG subclasses by means of monoclonal antibodies. The distribution of IgG subclass protein concentrations in sera from 227 healthy Danish children and 90 adults was measured. Furthermore, this newly established ELISA was compared with different assay systems for determination of IgG subclasses: two radial immunodiffusion methods (RID), one using polyclonal and one using monoclonal antibodies, as well as a commercially available ELISA kit. There was good agreement of results obtained by the different methods of measuring IgG3 and IgG4 concentrations. There was good correlation between results obtained by both RID methods. Despite good correlation between the assays, the ELISA kit showed higher levels of IgG1 in all investigated sera, and the ELISA kit showed no correlation with the other methods, when IgG2 was measured. Analysis of the normal ranges measured by ELISA developed in our laboratory and by RID with polyclonal antibodies showed that the levels obtained by RID were higher than those obtained by our ELISA in sera with low levels of both IgG1 and IgG2, and lower in sera with high concentrations of these two immunoglobulins. Our results emphasize the importance of establishing age‐related normal limits for any novel assay measuring IgG subclass concentrations.
The Racist Patient
Authors: Christine Laine, Michael A. LaCombe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

LettersAugust 6, 2013The Racist PatientChristine Laine, MD, MPH, Editor in Chief and Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Associate EditorChristine Laine, MD, MPH, Editor in ChiefSearch for more papers by this author and Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Associate EditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-3-201308060-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:In “On Being a Doctor,” we accept essays that reflect the condition of doctoring and provoke thoughtful discussion of controversial aspects of our professional lives. Such acceptance never implies endorsement of a particular behavior or alignment with any expressed philosophy.The provocative discussion generated by Dr. Jain's essay (1) has been particularly robust; the 4 letters selected for publication represent a spectrum of that discussion. As editors, we found Dr. Jain's piece most appealing for its central message: We are all human, and even physicians make mistakes. Our reaction to his egregious behavior, that we hope we would ...References1. Jain SH. The racist patient. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158:632 LinkGoogle Scholar2. Selzer R. Brute.. In: Laine C, LaCombe MA, eds. The Last Half Hour of the Day. Philadelphia ACP Pr 2008 41-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Racist Patient Sachin H. Jain The Racist Patient Michael Nakao The Racist Patient Mitchel Galishoff The Racist Patient David A. Nardone The Racist Patient Sachin H. Jain The Racist Patient Sunil K. Sahai Metrics August 6, 2013Volume 159, Issue 3Page: 228KeywordsBehaviorEmotions ePublished: 6 August 2013 Issue Published: August 6, 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Antibiotic Prescribing for Cough and Symptoms of Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: Mark H. Ebell
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bidirectional Shunting in a Coronary Artery-Right Ventricular Fistula Associated with Pulmonary Atresia and an Intact Ventricular Septum
Authors: NORMAN J. SISSMAN, HERBERT L. ABRAMS
Journal: Circulation (1965)

A case of an anomalous arteriovenous-like communication between the right ventricle and a single right coronary artery with pulmonary atresia and an intact ventricular septum in a 6-year-old boy is presented. The dynamics of blood flow through the anomalous vessel are demonstrated for the first time in the literature by means of cineangiocardiography. Factors affecting the flow of blood through the vessel, theories of the embryologic etiology of the condition, and clinical features allowing diagnosis during life and determining therapeutic management are discussed.
The Estimation of Peripheral Vascular Resistance to Varying Rates of Flow in the Isolated Rat Hindquarter
Authors: A. E. DOYLE
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

The relationship between flow and pressure was studied in the perfused hindquarters of the rat. The conclusion is drawn that peripheral resistance declines progressively with increasing intravascular pressure at various rates of flow, regardless of whether the vessels are relaxed or constricted.
Adaptive Evolution of 5'HoxD Genes in the Origin and Diversification of the Cetacean Flipper
Authors: Z. Wang, L. Yuan, S. J. Rossiter, X. Zuo, B. Ru, H. Zhong, N. Han, G. Jones, P. D. Jepson, S. Zhang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

The homeobox (Hox) genes Hoxd12 and Hoxd13 control digit patterning and limb formation in tetrapods. Both show strong expression in the limb bud during embryonic development, are highly conserved across vertebrates, and show mutations that are associated with carpal, metacarpal, and phalangeal deformities. The most dramatic evolutionary reorganization of the mammalian limb has occurred in cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises), in which the hind limbs have been lost and the forelimbs have evolved into paddle-shaped flippers. We reconstructed the phylogeny of digit patterning in mammals and inferred that digit number has changed twice in the evolution of the cetacean forelimb. First, the divergence of the early cetaceans from their even-toed relatives coincided with the reacquisition of the pentadactyl forelimb, whereas the ancestors of tetradactyl baleen whales (Mysticeti) later lost a digit again. To test whether the evolution of the cetacean forelimb is associated with positive selection or relaxation of Hoxd12 and Hoxd13, we sequenced these genes in a wide range of mammals. In Hoxd12, we found evidence of Darwinian selection associated with both episodes of cetacean forelimb reorganization. In Hoxd13, we found a novel expansion of a polyalanine tract in cetaceans compared with other mammals (17/18 residues vs. 14/15 residues, respectively), lengthening of which has previously been shown to be linked to synpolydactyly in humans and mice. Both genes also show much greater sequence variation among cetaceans than across other mammalian lineages. Our results strongly implicate 5′HoxD genes in the modulation of digit number, web forming, and the high morphological diversity of the cetacean manus.
Wising Up About Hearing Loss
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Goulstonian Lectures on the Life-History of the Malaria Germ Outside the Human Body: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London, March, 1896
Authors: P. Manson
Journal: BMJ (1896)

LMxACH 21, I"$96.temperature has become normal, and, despite their almost cruel hunger, to lead them very gradually to the ordinary diet, which is never so much desired as after recovery from typhoid fever.
Medicine in the USA: historical vignettes. IX. The AMA sets a new code of ethics
Authors: L. S. King
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In the celebrations that marked the centennial year 1876, medicine shared in the general self-congratulation; yet despite the rhetoric, a note of caution made itself heard. The president of the American Medical Association commented, in 1876, on the code of ethics. This he called "the best ever given for the government of medical men," and he observed that most of the members might think it "as perfect as the Decalogue, and as incapable of improvement." Nevertheless, it did not seem to work very well. Even eminent physicians, sticklers for the "inviolability of the Code," tried to find the "easiest way of getting round its provisions without a flagrant violation of them." Such physicians "feel that they are hampered by the rules that are unjust and oppressive." The code of ethics was violated every day, "not only by the rank and file, but by men high in the profession." He pointed
Infantile Diarrhoea and Vomiting
Authors: J. Taylor, B. W. Powell, J. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1949)

The cells are secretory in type, yet differ morphologically from any ovarian cells known to us.They have not been discovered in control cases.They are found only in relatively small numbers and may ,be extremely difficult to detect.A single section through the ovary is insufficient, as a general rule, to demonstrate them.The cells may possibly be carcinogenic, secreting a hormone ,which stimulates some of the cells of the endometrium of the body of the uterus and cervical canal to undergo malignant change.It is hoped that a further search for them will be made in other laboratories.Our thanks are due to Mr. Bert Cambridge, of the Williamson 'Laboratory, for his great help, particularly in sorting out microscope slides from bomb debris, and to Mr. Norman K. Harrison, A.R.P.S., of the photographic department, who has offered every possible ,facility.Miss J. E. Colley has given secretarial help enthusiastically at unusual times of the day, and her knowledge of the literature
Interaction of Hypnotic Suggestion and Alpha Enhancement
Authors: T. A. TRAVIS, C. Y. KONDO, J. R. KNOTT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

Eight subjects who underwent a standardized hypnosis induction procedure before receiving alpha-enhancement training were compared with eight subjects who were given only the alpha-enhancement training. The hypnosis group did not produce significantly more alpha activity during feedback than they had during a baseline period and they produced significantly less alpha activity during the last three training sessions than the matched group of no-hypnosis controls. Differences between the results of this study and the findings of others are discussed in terms of the adequacy of the techniques involved.
Decreased stress responsivity of central and peripheral catecholaminergic systems in aged 344/N Fischer rats.
Authors: G Cizza, K Pacak, R Kvetnansky, M Palkovits, D S Goldstein, L S Brady, K Fukuhara, E Bergamini, I J Kopin, M R Blackman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

We investigated the effects of stress on central and peripheral sympatho-adrenal and sympatho-neural functions in healthy, intact young (3-4 mo) and aged (24 mo) male Fischer 344/N rats. Extracellular fluid (ECF) levels of the catecholamines norepinephrine (NE), dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were obtained by microdialysis in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus at baseline and during immobilization (IMMO). The baseline levels of these substances were similar in both age groups, and their concentrations increased significantly in response to IMMO. The IMMO-induced increases of NE and MHPG, however, were significantly smaller in old than in young rats. Plasma levels of the catecholamines NE, DHPG, MHPG, DOPAC, dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), epinephrine (EPI), dopamine (DA), and HVA were also determined in young and old rats during IMMO. Basal levels of these substances were significantly higher in old than in young rats. The magnitude of the IMMO-induced increases in the majority of these compounds however, was significantly smaller in old than in young rats. We conclude that, at the basal state, aging in the Fischer rat is associated with normal PVN ECF, but high plasma catecholamine levels; at stress state, however, old rats have substantially lesser activation of their central and peripheral catecholaminergic systems than young rats.
Star-shape copolymer of lysine-linked di-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 2000 succinate for doxorubicin delivery with reversal of multidrug resistance
Authors: Jinling Wang, Jin Sun, Qin Chen, Ying Gao, Lin Li, Hui Li, Donglei Leng, Yongjun Wang, Yinghua Sun, Yongkui Jing, Siling Wang, Zhonggui He
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Radionuclide Imaging of Bone Marrow Metastases with a Tc-99m Labeled Monoclonal Antibody to Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: EDWARD P. BALABAN, BRANDY S. WALKER, JOHN V. COX, AYE A. TIN SEIN, PAUL G. ABRAMS, DARRELL SALK, RICHARD G. SHEEHAN, EUGENE P. FRENKEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

The detection of metastatic disease confined to the bone marrow compartment has in the past been technically limited. We have identified excellent imaging of bone marrow metastases during the evaluation of a Tc-99m labeled monoclonal antibody (NR-LU-10 Fab) (NeoRx Corp., Seattle, WA). This occurred during a study to assess the monoclonal antibody's ability to detect sites of small cell cancer (primary and metastatic). The study by design compares areas seen by the monoclonal antibody scan with those found by standard staging methods in patients with small cell lung cancer. Standard staging included chest x-rays, bone scans, CT studies of the abdomen, and histologic examination of the bone marrow. Fifteen patients have been evaluated, four on two occasions, for a total of 19 monoclonal imaging studies. Metastasis to the marrow compartment was identified by the monoclonal imaging in all patients whose bone marrow biopsies were positive for small cell carcinoma, and it was primarily responsible for the eventual detection of extensive disease (marrow involvement) in one patient. Thus it appears that compartmental bone marrow imaging for metastatic disease is possible with immunoscintigraphy.
P553 ELASTIC FIBER ACCUMULATION ESTIMATED BY A NOVEL AUTOMATED COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS AS A SIGNIFICANT PREDICTING FACTOR FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Y. Yasui, T. Abe, H. Takada, N. Nakakuki, S. Matsuda, S. Kaneko, M. Muraoka, K. Yamashita, N. Hattori, N. Tamaki, R. Osaki, S. Suzuki, T. Hosokawa, K. Ueda, H. Nakanishi, K. Tsuchiya, J. Itakura, Y. Takahashi, M. Kurosaki, A. Hashiguchi, M. Sakamoto, N. Izumi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)