tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-054 Transnasal Gastroscopy – Are The Biopsies Suitable For Barrett’s Surveillance?
Authors: S Fox
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Transnasal gastroscopy is a far more acceptable form of gastroscopy to the patient, with benefits including reduced gagging, ability to communicate during the procedure, greater flexibility of endoscope allowing easier visualisation of difficult areas and closer inspection of the laryn x.<sup>1</sup> Due to the smaller working channel, 2.0mm as compared with 2.8 mm of a standard oral gastroscope, the biopsy forceps used in transnasal gastroscopy are smaller, leading to questions about the suitability of transnasal gastroscopy for Barrett’s surveillance. As an early adopter of transnasal gastroscopy, Braintree community hospital endoscopy service has performed many thousands of diagnostic transnasal gastroscopies including Barrett’s surveillance. This study compares the dysplasia and malignancy rate of transnasal gastroscopy biopsies and oral gastroscopy biopsies. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients attending for a follow up gastroscopy for Barrett’s surveillance over the past three years were included in the study. Patients attending for gastroscopy are sent information on the types of procedure when the appointment is booked. The patient is free to choose whichever form of gastroscopy they wish. On admission, the nurse will explain both procedures again and the patient will then choose. The vast majority choose to have transnasal gastroscopy. For those that choose to have oral gastroscopy, a standard oral gastroscope is used rather than a transnasal gastroscope. All endoscopists take quadrantic biopsies of the Barrett’s segment in accordance with the BSG guidelines. The study looked back at 3 years of Barrett’s surveillance and compared the rates of dysplasia found in the transnasal series and the oral series. The overall dysplasia rate, including adenocarcinoma, was compared. <h3>Results</h3> In the three year period there were a total of 1282 patients who underwent Barrett’s surveillance. Of these, 905 (70.6%) chose to have transnasal gastroscopy, the remainder, 377 (29.4%) chose to have oral gastroscopy. Of the transnasal series, 12 (1.3%) had LGD, 5 (0.6%) had HGD, 3(0.3%) had ACA and 9 (1%) were indefinite for dysplasia. Of the oral series, 7 (1.8%) had LGD, 0(0%) had HGD, 2(0.5%) had ACA and 7 (1.8%) were indefinite for dysplasia. The overall dysplasia and malignancy rate in the trans nasal group versus the oral group was 2.2% vs. 2.4% (p = 0.4048). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our series at Braintree community hospital shows that there is not a significant difference in the dysplasia and malignance rate found on transnasal biopsies as compared with oral gastroscopy biopsies. <h3>Reference</h3> Knuth J, Kunze DE, Benz C, Bullian DR, Heiss MM, Lefering R, Saad S, Saers T, Krakamp B. Is the transnasal access for esophagogastroduodenoscopy in routine use equal to the transoral route? A prospective, randomized trial. <i>Z Gastroenterol</i> 2013 Dec;51(12):1369–1376 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
OBSTETRIC SCIENCE AND ART IN THE SERVICE OF THE NATION
Authors: EDWARD P. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1918)

At the present time no medical problem in the United States is without its bearing on the winning of the war and the maintenance of the strength of our population. It is pertinent to ask, What has modern obstetric science and art to give to the nation, and how may it best be given and most efficiently used?  Among the recent advances in obstetrics there are measures which may be rightly called medical and others which are surgical.  MEDICAL ADVANCES IN OBSTETRICS  In the first, agencies to relieve pain during parturition and to prevent suffering and shock are easily of the first importance. The combination of the treatment by suggestion, discipline, morphin and scopolamin, known as the twilight sleep method, has largely collapsed in its gaseous elements, but we have a true knowledge gained by experience of its real value. Those who have used it most intelligently say that when
Recovery of atrial function after atrial compartment operation for chronic atrial fibrillation in mitral valve disease
Authors: Kou-Gi Shyu, Jun-Jack Cheng, Jin-Jer Chen, Jiunn-Li Lin, Fang-Yue Lin, Yung-Zu Tseng, Peiliang Kuan, Wen-Pin Lien
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
P251 Efficacy And Safety Of Once-daily Indacaterol/mometasone Compared With Twice-daily Salmeterol/fluticasone In Patients With Moderate To Very Severe Copd
Authors: A.-M. Kirsten, A. Richard, A.-M. Tanase, C. Weihua, M. Hosoe, B. Hederer
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> QMF149 is an investigational inhaled fixed-dose combination of indacaterol acetate and mometasone furoate via the Breezhaler<sup>®</sup> device for once daily maintenance treatment of asthma and COPD. This double-blind, 12-week study compared QMF149 (150/160μg) o.d. with salmeterol 50µg/fluticasone 500µg, (Seretide<sup>®</sup>; SFC) b.i.d. in patients with moderate to very severe COPD. <h3>Objectives</h3> Primary objective of the study was to demonstrate the non-inferiority of QMF149 vs SFC in terms of trough FEV<sub>1</sub> at Week 12. Main secondary objectives were to compare the efficacy of QMF149 vs SFC in terms of dyspnoea via Transition Dyspnoea Index (TDI), health status via St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), rescue medication, exacerbations and safety during the treatment period. <h3>Results</h3> 629 patients (mean FEV<sub>1</sub> 46.51% predicted, QMF149 n = 316; SFC n = 313) were randomised. The primary objective was met. QMF149 showed significant improvement in trough FEV<sub>1</sub> vs SFC (LSM treatment difference [LSMTD] 56mL; p &lt; 0.001). QMF149 improved significantly TDI (LSMTD 0.5; p &lt; 0.026) and numerically SGRQ (-1.66, p = 0.093) vs SFC. QMF149 significantly prolonged the time to first moderate or severe exacerbation with a 49% reduction in hazard ratio (hazard ratio [HR] 0.51; CI 0.298, 0.855; p = 0.011) and was associated with 44% reduction in the number of moderate or severe exacerbations (rate ratio [RR] 0.56; CI 0.331, 0.937; p = 0.028). A significantly greater percentage of days with no rescue medication (LSMTD 6.26%; p = 0.007) and significantly fewer rescue medication use was observed with QMF149 (daily number of puffs LSMTD -0.47; p = 0.003). Both treatments were well tolerated with low incidence of AEs. <h3>Conclusion</h3> When compared with SFC, QMF149 significantly improves trough FEV<sub>1</sub> and dyspnoea, reduces exacerbations and rescue medication use in patients with moderate to very severe COPD.
Abstract 3135: Epigenetic regulation of miR-1275 through histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation during human glioma stem-like cell differentiation
Authors: Keisuke Katsushima, Keiko Shinjo, Fumiharu Ohka, Makiko Fujii, Hirotaka Osada, Yoshitaka Sekido, Atsushi Natsume, Yutaka Kondo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Functional and morphological heterogeneity characterizes aggressive glioblastoma and contributes to invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. The molecular mechanisms underlying this heterogeneity are poorly understood. Recent studies have revealed that tumors contain a minor population of tumor-initiating cells, called cancer stem cells (CSCs). The CSCs are considered able to aberrantly differentiate into diverse cell types. Such stem-like cancer cells have been well characterized in glioblastoma multiforme, and are referred to as glioma stem-like cells (GSCs). Using GSCs as a model, we investigated the roles of micro-RNA (miR) in GSCs differentiation. miR-microarray showed that 19 and 48 miRs were commonly upregulated and downregulated in two GSC lines during the differentiation, respectively. Among those miRs, quantitative-PCR analysis showed that miR-1275 was consistently downregulated during the GSC differentiation, while the expression of its target, oligodendrocyte specific protein (OSP/CLDN11), a marker of oligodendrocyte, was upregulated. Compellingly, inhibition of miR-1275 using specific antisense oligonucleotide increased the expression of OSP in GSC. Epigenetic analysis revealed that level of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation(H3K27me3) was enriched in the promoter of pri-miR-1275 during the GSC differentiation. Treatment of 3-Dezaneplanocin-A, an inhibitor of H3K27me3, impaired the GSC differentiation in parallel with sustained miR-1275 expression. In general, astrocytic component is the most prevalent in glioblastomas, while a subset of cases also contain an oligodendroglial component in the tumors. Our results illuminated the epigenetic regulatory pathways of miR-1275 closely associated with oligodendroglial differentiation, which may contribute to the tissue heterogeneity formation of glioblastomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3135. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3135
Tc-99m Dextran Lymphoscintigraphy in an Infant With Chylous Peritoneal Effusion
Authors: GAUTAUM BISWAS, ABAN MEYER SAMUEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 4-month-old infant had chylous peritoneal effusion. Tc-99m Dextran lymphoscintigraphy demonstrated lymph leakage and pooling in the abdomen and unobstructed lymph flow from the lower limbs to the systemic circulation.
Docetaxel Plus Cyclophosphamide in Adjuvant Breast Cancer
Authors: Cristiano Ferrario, Lawrence C. Panasci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

in tumors? Facts and fiction–more careful studies are needed. J Clin Oncol 25:1813-1814, 2007 5. Jelkmann W, Laugsch M: Problems in identifying functional erythropoietin receptors in cancer tissue. J Clin Oncol 25:1627-1628, 2007 6. Hardee ME, Cao Y, Fu P, et al: Erythropoietin blockade inhibits the induction of tumor angiogenesis and progression. PLoS ONE 2:e549, 2007 7. Ribeil JA, Zermati Y, Vandekerckhove J, et al: Hsp70 regulates erythropoiesis by preventing caspase-3-mediated cleavage of GATA-1. Nature 445:102-105, 2007 8. Lester RD, Jo M, Campana WM, et al: Erythropoietin promotes MCF-7 breast cancer cell migration by an ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinasedependent pathway and is primarily responsible for the increase in migration observed in hypoxia. J Biol Chem 280:39273-39277, 2005 9. Janicke RU, Sprengart ML, Wati MR, et al: Caspase-3 is required for DNA fragmentation and morphological changes associated with apoptosis. J Biol Chem 273:9357-9360, 1998
Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease. VII. Role of non-H-2-linked genes in the control of the anti-nuclease antibody response
Authors: DS Pisetsky, JA Berzofsky, DH Sachs
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

The role of non-H-2-linked genes in the control of the antibody response to staphylococcal nuclease has been investigated. 3 wk after immunization with nuclease in complete Freund's adjuvant, strain A/J (H-2 a) mice produced significantly higher titers of antibody than strain B10.A (H-2(a)) mice, whereas mice of strains A.BY (H-2(b)) and B10 (H-2(b)) produced barely detectable titers. With hyperimmunization, A/J and A.BY mice reached the same peak levels for antibody titers, both severalfold higher than those reached by B10.A and B10 mice. Analysis of the specificity of antibodies by assessment of binding to two fragments of nuclease showed similarities between strains of the same H-2 haplotype. These results suggest that although H-2-1inked genes determined initial responsiveness at 3 wk and the relative proportions of antibodies directed toward different antigenic determinants on the nuclease molecule, non-H-2-linked genes determined the overall magnitude of the hyperimmuneresponse. Measurement of the affinity of the antibodies to the nuclease fragment (1-126) showed that strains B10 and B10.A produced antibodies with 7- to 10-fold higher affinity than comparable antibodies from strains A.BY and A/J. In a backcross of (B10.A × A/J) × B10.A, the level of antibody segregated independently of the Ig-1(e) C(H) allotype and the A/J anti-nuclease idiotypes. Thus, a gene(s) linked to neither H-2 nor heavy chain structural genes appears to control the aggregate response to antigenic determinants on the nuclease molecule independent of subspecificities of these antibodies or their idiotype.
Abdominal Surgery Board
Authors: Sidney Vernon
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the meeting of the General Surgical Section of the AMA in June, 1962, a resolution "not to sponsor the American Board of Abdominal Surgery" was voted down. This matter has been subject to biased reporting in AMA publications. Sponsorship of an American Board of Abdominal Surgery is no less logical than having an American Board of Thoracic Surgery. Eighty-one per cent of major operations are in the abdomen; 60% of general surgeons are not yet board certified. Surgeons of proven competence are legislated against in hospitals if they do not possess board certification. While this is purported to maintain high standards, there is evidence to the contrary and it provokes strife and contention. The American Board of Surgery disclaims responsibility for such hospital rules and thereby repudiates the practice. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals has clearly stated that hospital privileges should not be accorded
Improvements to the<i>Journal</i>'s Site on the World Wide Web
Authors: Edward W. Campion
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Each week about 50,000 people visit the Journal's site on the World Wide Web. We have now redesigned it so that there are two parts: a free, unrestricted area for all users, and an enlarged, subscriber-only site. The new site offers subscribers access to the complete text of the Journal, including review articles, for all issues since 1993. Additional features for subscribers are a full-text search capacity and a personal archive for saving articles and search results of interest. Using free software, subscribers can download articles and print them out in a format that is virtually identical to that . . .
THE EFFECT OF SODIUM CHLORIDE ON THE CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE BLOOD OF THE DOG AFTER OBSTRUCTION OF THE CARDIAC END OF THE STOMACH
Authors: Russell L. Haden, Thomas G. Orr
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

A study is reported of the effect of different methods of treatment on the toxemia of cardiac obstruction. The average duration of life of untreated dogs is 3 days. Three dogs treated with 1 per cent salt solution subcutaneously lived 32, 36, and 45 days respectively without developing a toxemia. 2 per cent glucose similarly given, does not alter the course of the toxemia. Concentrated salt solution in small quantities given directly into the jejunum prevents the marked rise in non-protein nitrogen but does not materially prolong life. Release of the obstruction does not change the course of the toxemia in untreated animals. The subcutaneous injection of 1 per cent sodium chloride solution after release of the obstruction causes a rapid return of the blood to normal and allows the animal to recover. A similar amount of fluid given as 2 per cent glucose does not alter the course of the toxemia after release of the obstruction.
Minimal clinically significant difference in health status: the thorny path of health status measures?
Authors: T. Hajiro, K. Nishimura
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

Health status or health-related quality of life is being recognized as an important outcome when evaluating patients with chronic pulmonary disease. There is growing literature about health status measures in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The European Respiratory Journal (ERJ) has published numerous articles on issues related to health status. The authors believe that the ERJ is a valuable resource in this area, especially for summarizing updated issues on the health status of pulmonary disease 1, or validating new questionnaires or comparing health status measures.

Clinicians need to understand and critically evaluate measurements of health status in order to determine if a new therapy could be applied to their own patients with expectation of improving their health status. However, it is also true that many readers face confusion and difficulty in interpreting the results of health status measures. Important concepts when evaluating measurements of health status are the clinically significant threshold or the minimal clinically significant difference (MCSD) 2. When health status is measured using a continuous scale, it needs to be known whether an observed difference indicates a clinically significant or trivial effect on the patients' health status or quality of life. A statistically significant difference in health status might be of little practical importance; it is more important to know the MCSD. There are several definitions of the MCSD that correspond to the perspective of those who evaluate. For example, Jaeschke et al. 3 define “minimal clinically important difference” as the smallest difference in a score in a domain of interest that patients perceive as beneficial and that would mandate, in the absence of side-effects and a change in the patient's management 3.

In the …
381 PROSPECTIVE LARGE SCALED TRIAL OF CONCURRENT INTRAARTERIAL CHEMO RADIATION THERAPY FOLLOWING REPEATED INTRAARTERIAL CHEMOTHERAPY FOR ADVANCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA WITH PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS
Authors: J.K. Kim, M.N. Kim, K.H. Han, J.S. Seong, D.Y. Lee, J.T. Lee, D.Y. Kim, S.H. Ahn, Y.H. Paik, K.S. Lee, C.Y. Chon, B.S. Moon, Y.M. Moon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Revascularization in Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Matthew W. Sherwood, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Arthur Swindale ("Stubbs") Hughes
Authors: J. H Hammond
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner West Rainton, Tyne and Wear (b Newcastle upon Tyne 1923; q Durham 1945), died from heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on 29 December 2002.

After qualifying and house jobs in Ashington, Northumberland, Arthur served in the Royal Air Force in Kinloss and Hawarden. He worked for 30 years in West Rainton, a small mining village, and the surrounding area. He was a talented cellist and an active member of his local Methodist church, and he took up watercolours in later years. Predeceased by his wife, Dorothy, he leaves two daughters and four granddaughters.
Why "Moonshine Pills" Flourish?
Authors: J. F. Jenkins
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Tecumseh, Mich., March 17,1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your last week's issue of theJournal, ten or more pages are given in exposing the vagaries of homeopathy, in which the author of the paper explains how near he got in the slum. It is my impression that if the medical schools of our country will raise the standard of medical education equal to that of European countries, we will be cursed with less quacks, homeopaths, and other sects. They will not flourish any more than they do in Austria and Germany. Very truly yours,
Multisystem failure: the story of anti-influenza drugs
Authors: T. Jefferson, P. Doshi
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Last year the Cochrane team, with the help of the <i>BMJ's </i>open data campaign, finally got access to full clinical study reports on neuraminidase inhibitors. <b>Tom Jefferson </b>and<b> Peter Doshi</b> explain what the new systematic review found and how a series of failures meant that decisions about these drugs were made without the full evidence
Prospective comparision of unstable angina versus non-Q wave myocardial infarction during antithrombotic therapy
Authors: Marc Cohen, Jan Xiong, Gareth Parry, Philip C Adams, Douglas Chamberlain, Iwona Wieczorek, Keith A.A Fox, Ruth McBrede, James H Chesebro, Valentin Fuster
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Reductions in Deaths in Frontal Crashes Among Right Front Passengers in Vehicles Equipped With Passenger Air Bags
Authors: Elisa R. Braver, Susan A. Ferguson, Michael A. Greene, Adrian K. Lund
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Virtually all new cars now are equipped with passenger air bags. Determining whether passenger air bags are saving lives is important, particularly because passenger air bags have caused some deaths among children and adults.To assess the effectiveness of passenger air bags in reducing the risk of death in frontal crashes for right front passengers.Air bags are designed to protect occupants in frontal crashes. Using Fatality Analysis Reporting System data for calendar years 1992 through 1995, the relative frequency of right front passenger deaths in frontal vs nonfrontal fatal crashes was compared for cars with dual air bags and for cars with driver-only air bags.Odds of right front passengers dying in frontal compared with nonfrontal fatal crashes were computed for 1992 through 1995 model year cars with dual air bags and for cars with driver-only air bags. Percentage reductions in right front passenger deaths in dual air bag vehicles were estimated.Right front passenger fatalities were 18% lower than expected in frontal crashes of cars with dual air bags and 11% lower in all crashes. An estimated 73 fewer than expected right front passengers died in 1992 through 1995 model cars with dual air bags during 1992 through 1995. The risk of frontal crash death for right front passengers in cars with dual air bags was reduced 14% among those reported to be using belts and 23% among belt nonusers. Children younger than 10 years in cars with dual air bags had a 34% increased risk of dying in frontal crashes.Passenger air bags were associated with substantial reductions in fatalities among right front passengers in frontal crashes. However, more children are being killed than are being saved by air bags. Immediate countermeasures to reduce the dangers of air bags to children and adults are suggested.
Revision of the Code.
Authors: L. P. Walbridge
Journal: JAMA (1893)

<h3>To the Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:</h3><h3>Dear Sir:</h3> —There is so much being said now-a-days relating to the Code of Ethics, with its disadvantages and its necessities that I deem it in accord to express my views. I am a believer in a code that will better the condition of the profession at large. To hold us together in a united brotherhood in such a way that union of thought may become a mighty force in the advancement of our science. The progress of the profession will not be so fast without a code as with one. The science of medicine will not reach its excellence by a few as it will by a united effort brought to bear on nature's resources, acting as a constant stimulus to our energies. As the profession is becoming overcrowded there seems to be a growing discontent, in the