tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Who's Been Sleeping in Our Bed?
Authors: John D. Gleckler
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Hunt's communication brings to mind the Government's urging that we spend more money. Who are we to breast that tide? Second, let us consider the position of the average doctor. The patient comes in with pneumonia. With the use of chemotherapy and antibiotics, he can remain ambulatory and recover very shortly. But the patient has an insurance policy that will pay his bill, or a good part of it, only if he goes to the hospital, where it will cost the insurance company five times as much as the office treatment would. Who suffers here? Only the absent member of the team, the company. Many an x-ray could be taken in the doctor's office, many a laboratory test could be done in the doctor's laboratory. But, the insurance company will not pay for it unless the patient is in the hospital, where the cost will be
A multicenter, prospective study of posttransfusion hepatitis in milan
Authors: Massimo Colombo, Silvia Oldani, Maria F. Donato, Mauro Borzio, Raffaele Santese, Luigi Roffi, Paolo Viganó, Antonietta Cargnel
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

We studied the risk of posttransfusion hepatitis in recipients of blood collected from volunteer donors who tested negative for HBsAg and had serum ALT levels less than 1.5 times the upper limit of the normal range. Between October, 1983 and September, 1984, 676 consecutive patients who needed blood or plasma transfusions during or after elective surgery, who had no history of liver disease and had never received blood previously, were studied. The patients were given a total of 4,813 (mean = 7) units. Ninety-six patients developed posttransfusion hepatitis, which yielded a hepatic incidence of 20 cases per 1,000 units of transfused blood. Ninety-two patients had non-A, non-B hepatitis, 3 had hepatitis B and 1 had cytomegalovirus infection. The incubation periods for non-A, non-B hepatitis ranged from 2 to 26 (mean = 9.5 +/- 4) weeks. In 68 (73%) patients, the hepatitis was completely asymptomatic; only 24 (27%) patients developed symptoms, including jaundice and hepatomegaly. There were no cases of fulminant hepatitis. Sixty per cent of the patients still had elevated serum ALT levels 1 year after the onset of hepatitis. The 96 patients with hepatitis had received a mean of 9.6 blood units, as compared to a mean of 6.7 units for the unaffected patients (p less than 0.001). This study demonstrated that non-A, non-B hepatitis remains a common and important complication of blood transfusion despite screening of blood donors for HBsAg and elevated serum ALT levels.
Change in I-123 Uptake by a Hyperfunctioning Thyroid Nodule in a Patient With Multinodular Goiter and Subclinical Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Dwight M. Achong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Multinodular goiter is characterized by heterogeneous thyroid growth that results in one or more dominant nodules superimposed on many nonpalpable ones. Over time, nodules display slow growth, stasis, or regression, and variable iodine uptake on nuclear imaging. Subclinical hyperthyroidism is characterized by suppressed TSH, normal free T3 and T4, and variable expression of signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism. The case of a dominant hot nodule within a multinodular goiter representing a hyperplastic colloid nodule or nonautonomous hyperfunctioning (follicular) adenoma producing subclinical hyperthyroidism that subsequently became cold with normalization of TSH is presented.
Angioid Streaks and Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
Authors: Paul N. Schultz
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Angioid streaks are irregular, peripapillary brown to red curvilinear bands that extend in a weblike manner from the optic disc (Fig 1). Often confused with blood vessels, angioid streaks are wider, with tapering ends, lie below the normal retinal vasculature, and are readily discerned by direct ophthalmoscopy. Their importance lies in their association with a host of systemic disorders. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), Paget's disease of the bone, and sickle-cell disease account for the majority of diseases linked to angioid streaks. PXE can be demonstrated in more than half the patients with angioid streaks<sup>1,2</sup>; in one large series, 85% of patients with PXE demonstrated angioid streaks.<sup>3</sup>Additional associated conditions include acromegaly, abetalipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, hemochromatosis, facial hemochromatosis, hemolytic anemia, hypercalcinosis, hyperphosphatemia, neurofibromatosis, senile elastosis, Sturge-Weber syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, lead poisoning, and myopia.<sup>1</sup> Additional ocular findings in PXE include a diffuse, yellowish mottling of the retinal pigment
Change in Relationship of Blood Volume to Weight in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: ROBERT K. FUNKHOUSER, WALTER H. PRITCHARD, ARTHUR S. LITTELL
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Blood volume has been estimated in a small group of nonedematous hospitalized patients and in cardiac patients in severe congestive failure by both Cr 51 -labeled red cells and iodinated (I 131 ) human serum albumin. In the analysis of the data attention is directed to a fallacy inherent in the usual ratio method of relating blood volume to weight. An alternative method of analysis is proposed that not only yields greater accuracy, but makes the analysis more sensitive. The authors present their interpretation of the effects of tissue wasting and accumulation of edema fluid on the changes in the relationship between blood volume and weight in congestive heart failure. Analyzing other data from the literature by this method the authors have demonstrated a relationship between the amount of edema fluid and the increase in blood volume in congestive failure.
Chylomicron and very low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B metabolism: Mechanism of the response to stanozolol in a patient with severe hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: William R. Hazzard, Rampratap S. Kushwaha, Deborah Applebaum-Bowden, Steven M. Haffner, Armin Steinmetz, David M. Foster
Journal: Metabolism (1984)
Discovery of adverse drug reactions. A comparison of selected phase IV studies with spontaneous reporting methods
Authors: A. C. Rossi
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Following a Food and Drug Administration review of three major phase IV studies involving from 7,607 to 22,653 persons, it was determined that none of the studies resulted in the detection of new adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For two of the three drugs studied, new ADRs were identified after approval. The discovery of these new ADRs was attributed to physician case reports obtained through concurrently operating spontaneous reporting mechanisms. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2226-2228)
Incidental Detection of Hurthle Cell Adenoma and Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid During Gated Blood Pool Scintigraphy
Authors: ETHAN J. SPIEGLER, CLIFF RATLIFF, GEORGE D. LAWRENCE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

A 45-year-old white woman with a previous history of myocardial infarction underwent resting gated blood pool scintigraphy to assess left ventricular function. She also had a previous history of hyperthyroidism treated in the past with antithyroid medications. Unexpected intense radiotracer activity was seen in the thyroid gland with a large cold nodule noted in the left lobe. No tracer was demonstrated in the stomach. Follow-up thyroid scanning confirmed the cold nodule in the left lobe and demonstrated an additional cold nodule in the right lobe. Radioactive iodine uptakes were elevated. Subsequent surgical removal of the gland showed a Hurthle cell adenoma in the left nodule and a focus of papillary carcinoma in the right nodule.
Campylobacter Infections Today
Authors: Stuart Levin
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In the 1960s, fewer than 25% of persons with acute diarrhea had a pathogen identified by stool examination. Today, as many as 65% to 85% of patients have a causative agent identified.<sup>1</sup>In addition to better culturing techniques, new organisms have been discovered. Among these,<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>is the most important. Finch and Riley<sup>2</sup>estimated that more than 16,000 people acquired<i>Campylobacter</i>infections in the United States in 1982. Diarrhea caused by<i>Campylobacter</i>was as common as<i>Salmonella</i>and more common than<i>Shigella</i>. These results are even more striking because many laboratories did not culture for the organism or report it. For comparison,<i>C jejuni</i>infections in the United States in 1982 are estimated to have occurred at a rate roughly equal to that of hepatitis B, ten times that of influenza, and 30 times that of legionnaires' disease.<sup>3</sup> The nomenclature for<i>Campylobacter</i>organisms has changed recently
Prevention of portal hypertension and portosystemic shunts by early chronic administration of clonidine in conscious portal vein-stenosed rats
Authors: Han-Chieh Lin, Olivier Soubrane, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The hemodynamic effects, including mesenteric-systemic shunts of early chronic administration of clonidine, were studied in conscious, unrestrained, portal vein-stenosed rats. In rats receiving early chronic clonidine (600 micrograms.kg-1.day-1 by gavage), begun 3 days before portal vein stenosis and then administered continuously for 10 consecutive days, portal pressure (10.0 +/- 1.5 mm Hg) and degree of mesenteric-systemic shunts (58% +/- 25%) were significantly lower than in the placebo group (15.2 +/- 1.5 mm Hg and 83% +/- 7%, respectively). The effects were observed either 2 to 3 hr or 18 to 24 hr after the last dose of clonidine. In rats receiving clonidine continuously for 5 days, starting 5 days after portal vein stenosis, portal pressure (11.0 +/- 1.3 mm Hg) was significantly lower than in the placebo group, but mesenteric-systemic shunts (82% +/- 8%) were not significantly different. In rats receiving a single oral dose of clonidine (600 micrograms/kg) 10 days after portal vein stenosis, portal pressure (11.8 +/- 2.1 mm Hg), measured 2 to 3 hr after clonidine administration, was significantly lower than in the placebo group. Mesenteric-systemic shunts (83% +/- 8%), however, were not significantly different from the placebo group. In addition, 18 to 24 hr after a single dose of clonidine, hemodynamic values returned to basal conditions. We also demonstrated that chronic clonidine administration begun before portal vein stenosis can reduce the initial increase in portal pressure after this procedure. We concluded that early chronic clonidine administration reduces the severity of portal hypertension and the development of portosystemic shunts in portal vein-stenosed rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Half-life of polybrominated biphenyl in human sera.
Authors: D H Rosen, W D Flanders, A Friede, H E Humphrey, T H Sinks
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Polybrominated biphenyl (PBB), a flame-retardant material, was introduced into the food chain in Michigan in 1973 due to a manufacturing and distribution mistake. Following public concern about the long-term health effects of PBB in humans, a cohort of PBB-exposed Michigan residents was assembled in 1975. We initiated this study to determine the half-life of PBB in human sera and to understand how continued body burden relates to the possible adverse health consequences of PBB exposure. To determine the half-life, eligible persons were selected from the cohort if they had at least two PBB measurements 1 year apart and had an initial level > or = 20 pbb. There were 163 persons who met the criteria with a median PBB level of 45.5 ppb. The estimated half-life is 10.8 years (95% CI, 9.2-14.7 years). The body burden of PBB in exposed persons will decrease only gradually over time. For persons with an initial level of 45.5 ppb of PBB, it will take more than 60 years for their PBB levels to fall below the current level of detection of 1 ppb.
Acebutolol-induced changes in refractoriness and monophastic action potential of the right ventricle of the dog heart in situ
Authors: J. P. AMLIE, H. REFSUM, K. LANDMARK
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

The effect of acebutolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, on the electrophysiology of the right ventricle was studied in the dog heart in situ. Pentobarbital anaesthesia which is known to increase the sympathetic tone was used. Monophasic action potential recordings were obtained by the suction electode technique and refractoriness was measured by means of programmed electrical stimulation. A stepwise increase in the frequency of stimulation from 170 to 200, 230, and 260 per min caused a progressive decrease in the refractoriness as well as the duration of the monophasic action potential. Intravenous injection of acebutolol 2.0 mg.kg-1 increased the times for 50 and 90% repolarisation of the monophasic action potential. This increase is probably due to beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in the presence of alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulation. The effective and functional refractory periods, however, were increased to an even greater extent than the monophasic action potential duration. It is suggested that this is the result of a blockade of a catecholamine-induced increase in the velocity of the depolarisation.
Glomerulonephritis associated with MRSA infection: A possible role of bacterial superantigen
Authors: Akio Koyama, Masaki Kobayashi, Naoto Yamaguchi, Kunihiro Yamagata, Katsuhisa Takano, Masami Nakajima, Fujiko Irie, Michihiro Goto, Masaya Igarashi, Tadashi Iitsuka, Yasuko Aoki, Hideko Sakurai, Noriko Sakurayama, Katashi Fukao
Journal: Kidney International (1995)
Presentation and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV-infected patients: A U.S.–Canadian multicenter study
Authors: Norbert Bräu, Rena K. Fox, Peiying Xiao, Kristen Marks, Zeenat Naqvi, Lynn E. Taylor, Anita Trikha, Morris Sherman, Mark S. Sulkowski, Douglas T. Dieterich, Michael O. Rigsby, Teresa L. Wright, Maria D. Hernandez, Mamta K. Jain, Gajendra K. Khatri, Richard K. Sterling, Maurizio Bonacini, Catherine A. Martyn, Ayse Aytaman, Josep M. Llovet, Sheldon T. Brown, Edmund J. Bini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Activation of diverse repertoires of autoreactive T cells enhances the loss of anti-dsDNA B cell tolerance
Authors: Brian W. Busser, Brigette S. Adair, Jan Erikson, Terri M. Laufer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

CD4+ helper T cells play a critical role in the production of the antinuclear autoantibodies that characterize systemic lupus erythematosus in mice and humans. A key issue is whether this help is derived from a diverse repertoire of autoreactive CD4+ T cells or from a select number of T cells of limited specificity. We used the chronic graft-versus-host disease model to define the diversity of the CD4+ T cell repertoire required to induce the autoantibody response. By transferring clonally restricted versus clonally diverse populations of MHC class II-reactive CD4+ T cells, we show that the loss of B cell tolerance to nuclear antigens has two distinct components with different CD4+ cell requirements. Activation of limited repertoires of CD4+ T cells was sufficient for the expansion of anergized anti-double-stranded DNA B cells and production of IgM autoantibodies. Unexpectedly, we found that CD4+ T cell diversity was necessary for CD4+ T cell trafficking into the follicle and for the generation of isotype-switched IgG autoantibodies. Importantly, combining two limited repertoires of T cells provides sufficient CD4+ T cell diversity to drive antinuclear Ab production. These data demonstrate that a diverse CD4+ T cell repertoire is required to generate a sustained effector B cell response capable of mediating systemic autoimmunity.
Non-linear elasticity of core/shell spun PGS/PLLA fibres and their effect on cell proliferation
Authors: Bing Xu, Ben Rollo, Lincon A. Stamp, Dongcheng Zhang, Xiya Fang, Donald F. Newgreen, Qizhi Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)

An efficient delivery system is critical for the success of cell therapy. To deliver cells to a dynamic organ, the biomaterial vehicle should mechanically match with the non-linearly elastic host tissue. In this study, non-linearly elastic biomaterials have been fabricated from a chemically crosslinked elastomeric poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) and thermoplastic poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) using the core/shell electrospinning technique. The spun fibrous materials containing a PGS core and PLLA shell demonstrate J-shaped stress-strain curves, having ultimate tensile strength (UTS), rupture elongation and stiffness constants of 1 ± 0.2 MPa, 25 ± 3% and 12 ± 2, respectively, which are comparable to skin tissue properties reported previously. Our ex vivo and in vivo trials have shown that the elastomeric mesh supports and fosters the growth of enteric neural crest (ENC) progenitor cells, and that the cell-seeded elastomeric fibrous sheet physically remains in intimate contact with guts after grafting, providing the effective delivery of the progenitor cells to an embryonic and post-natal gut environment.
Half of drug trials with results on ClinicalTrials.gov are not published in journals
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Half of clinical trials of drugs with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov have not been published in journals even though they were completed four years ago on average, shows the first study to analyse the effect of the US website.1

The analysis also found that reports in journals carried less information than those on the database, particularly on adverse events.

Researchers searched the database for all completed phase III or IV randomised controlled trials of drugs with posted results on one day, 27 March 2012. …
Conflicting Dermoscopic Criteria in a Suspicious Lesion
Authors: Roman Bronfenbrener, Jason Cohen, Jordan B. Slutsky
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Measurement of Bone Tissue Turnover and Cell Dynamics in Metabolic Bone Disease by Means of In Vivo Tetracycline Bone Labeling.
Authors: Harold M. Frost
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Measurement of Bone Tissue Turnover and Cell Dynamics in Metabolic Bone Disease by Means of In Vivo Tetracycline Bone Labeling.Harold M. Frost, M.D., Boy Frame, M.D., F.A.C.P., James R. Ramcer, M.D., A. R. Arnstein, M.D., Richmond W. Smith Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P.Harold M. Frost, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Boy Frame, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, James R. Ramcer, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, A. R. Arnstein, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Richmond W. Smith Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1172_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA group of patients being studied for known or potential metabolic bone disease was given a double tetracycline label with 900 mg oral Dimethychloral tetracycline. An eleventh rib biopsy was then done under local anesthesia. With the aid of undecalcified sections and fluorescence microscopy, the bone turnover was measured and expressed as the per cent of the bone tissue being replaced by new tissue per year. In addition, indexes of the number of new osteoblasts generated by progenitor cells, and of the vigor of the representative individual osteoblast and osteoclast were measured.We found thattissue turnoverrates averaged below... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Harold M. Frost, M.D.; Boy Frame, M.D., F.A.C.P.; James R. Ramcer, M.D.; A. R. Arnstein, M.D.; Richmond W. SmithJr., M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Detroit, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5 Page: 1172-1172 Keywords Anesthesia Biopsy Bone Bone remodeling Metabolic disorders Microscopy Osteoclasts Ribs Stem cells Tetracyclines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Characterization of an immuno-dominant variable surface antigen from pathogenic and nonpathogenic Entamoeba histolytica.
Authors: U Edman, M A Meraz, S Rausser, N Agabian, I Meza
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

A 125-kD surface antigen of Entamoeba histolytica is recognized by 73% of immune sera from patients with amoebic liver abscesses. Using pooled human immune sera a cDNA clone (lambda cM17) encoding this antigen (M17) has been isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library of the virulent stain E. histolytica HM1:IMSS. Monospecific antibodies, purified by binding to phage lysate of lambda cM17, and mAb FA7 reacted exclusively with the 125-kD antigen by Western blot analysis. Surface binding and cap formation are observed with patient sera, purified monospecific antiserum, and mAb FA7. Corresponding genomic clones (pBSgM17-1/2/3) were isolated by hybridization with the cDNA clone. These contained an open-reading frame of 3345 bp, which is in good agreement with the mRNA size of approximately 3.0 kb as revealed by Northern hybridization with lambda cM17. The inferred amino acid sequence predicts a 125,513 dalton protein that contains 17 potential N-linked glycosylation sites and is unusually rich in tyrosine and asparagine residues. A distinctly hydrophobic NH2-terminal region may serve as membrane anchor or signal sequence. In contrast to conservation of an immunodominant epitope recognized in pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains by monoclonal FA7 and human immune sera, amplification and sequence analysis of a 1,4000-bp fragment of this gene from a fresh nonpathogenic isolate by use of the PCR demonstrate regions of significant sequence divergence in this antigen. A 1% sequence variability among different isolates of the pathogenic strain HM1:IMSS and a 12-13% variability between pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains are revealed by comparison to published partial amino acid sequences (Tannich, E., R.D. Horstmann, J. Knobloch, and H.H. Arnold. 1989. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:5118). Some restriction enzymes were found that allowed PCR diagnosis of nonpathogenic and pathogenic isolates with the exclusion of E. histolytica-like Laredo, suggesting that a detailed study of nonpathogenic and pathogenic isolates in relation to the M17 antigen sequence will provide a basis of differentiating isolates.
Prospective Study of a Family Cancer Syndrome
Authors: Frederick P. Li
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Risk of cancer was studied prospectively in four families described in 1969 as having diverse neoplasms, especially breast cancer and soft-tissue sarcoma. Between 1969 and 1981, in ten of 31 surviving family members, there developed 16 additional cancers (expected, 0.5). There were five breast carcinomas, four soft-tissue sarcomas, and seven other cancers. In eight patients, multiple primary cancers developed, including three softtissue sarcomas and one mesothelioma at sites of prior radiotherapy. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2692-2694)