tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
West of Francis Street
Authors: Francis D. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Harvard student pressures originating at the time of the University Hall takeover in April, 1969, have affected planning in the medical area, particularly in matters of land utilization and housing. Thus, as part of the University's reaction to the protest, new housing was planned to provide for residents who would be displaced by the building of the Affiliated Hospitals Center, a project involving several Harvard teaching hospitals. The advisability of deep involvement of the University in the provision of public housing was questioned. Students have called attention to poor housing practices in University and hospital-owned tenements in the affected area, but some students have shown a lack of understanding of the hospital-community interface, asserting that a hospital that does research and teaching cannot at the same time serve community needs. It is evident that students should be exposed to the realities of hospital care and community practices early in the curriculum.
From the Museum: the Art of Thinking. Part Ten: Behaviour
Authors: Tom Kotsimbos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The War triptych is a monumental revisiting of the traps, revulsions and needlessness of war at the midpoint between two world wars (commenced 1929). Remembrances of horrors past now become harbingers of things to come. Although Dix's painting was in the tradition of the old masters, it was fused with the subjectivity of felt emotion and the objectivity of lived experience. The middle panel is reminiscent of the earlier " Trench " masterwork featuring widespread devastation framing a fragmenting circle of five disarranged corpses (impaled-inverted-dismembered-disfigured-masked). On the left of this "still life" explosion of mayhem are soldiers heading off to battle through an ominous morning fog, only to retreat in the right hand panel under a smoke-filled, burning sky. In the circularising predella below, a restful sleep beckons – a sleep however which is "too" close to death ( as eternalised by the mythological twins: hypnos and thanatos ). This is not for Dix, however, who had gone to war as a means of "experiencing" life to the fullest (never regretting having done so) and paints himself walking away shouldering a brother-in-arms. Dix courageously embraced life without dilution, inclusive of all its ugliness and his fanaticism for "truth" and "reality" meant that he was just as comfortable with the early expressionist slogan " Man is good " as he was with its supplanting anti-thesis " Man is a beast ".
Granulomatous Hepatitis, Increased Platelet Aggregation, and Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: JERRY L. YON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Two young patients presented with an unusual liver disease, granulomatous hepatitis with postnecrotic cirrhosis, and both underwent a splenorenal shunt procedure. Each developed an arterial embolic episode probably related to increased platelet aggregation. This represents the first report of a liver disease associated with increased platelet aggregation that was clinically significant, a myocardial infarction in one and a posterior cerebral infarction in the other. Also, unexpectedly, both patients became hypercholesterolemic after the splenorenal shunt was established.
The Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: R G Huli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

statements like: in rheumatoid knee arthroplasty 'any pre- operative synovitis remits and does not recur unless the joint replacement fails for mechanical reasons such as loosening of the prosthesis'.Thus he argues that synovial inflammation is not fundamental.He firmly asserts that the prognosis of an individual joint is directly related to the amount of collagenase in the joint-a premature claim, one might hint, especially in an undergraduate text-and he also misleads by claiming that collagenase is derived mainly from leucocytes.Nevertheless, he and other authors often stimulate thought and that is high praise in an introductory text.In summary, Mason and Currey compares very favour- ably with its rivals and, as I much prefer reading and writing essays, I still recommend it to our students as their introduction to rheumatology.
MACROPHAGE DISAPPEARANCE REACTION INDUCED BY LYMPHOKINES
Authors: S. SIPKA, I. BOLDOGH, T. SZILÄGYI
Journal: Allergy (1977)

Macrophage disappearance reaction was induced in normal (non-sensitized) guinea pigs by human lymphokines deriving from Con A-stimulated lymphocytes, by ellagic acid (an activator of intrinsic coagulation) and by thromboplastin (an activator of extrinisic coagulation). The results are discussed from the aspect of the pathomechanism of macrophage disappearance reaction.
The Usefulness of Urban Paramedics
Authors: Bruce E. Haynes
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Smith and Bodai<sup>1</sup>broached an important issue in attempting to define urban paramedics' scope of practice; unfortunately, their presentation was curiously one sided. I could find no information in their reference 9 about increased costs of paramedic programs,<sup>2</sup>as claimed, nor could I find anything in reference 7 to support their statement that surgical patients may be harmed by care at the scene of the injury.<sup>3</sup>Although it is a small point, I believe that the first report of successful prehospital defibrillation was made by Pantridge and Geddes<sup>4</sup>in 1967, not Adgey in 1969. The "Hypovolemia" section of the review stated that a number of patients died "because of delays in transport caused by paramedic interventions," and they refer to their retrospective review of 15 patients published in abstract form. Their full report is now available, and I find it impossible, when reading
Interleukin 27 inhibits cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated platelet destruction in primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Hai Zhou, Ji-hua Qiu, Tong Wang, Ying-yi Yu, Xue-na Liu, Xin Li, Ya-wen Wang, Yu Hou, Li-zhen Li, Xin-guang Liu, Ming Hou, Jun Peng
Journal: Blood (2014)
Evidence for eosinophil activation in bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis and bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: discrepancy between blood eosinophil counts and serum eosinophil cationic protein levels
Authors: C. Kroegel, M. Schuler, M. Forster, R. Braun, P. R. Grahmann
Journal: Thorax (1998)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Increased serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) have been detected in adolescent patients with cystic fibrosis. However, ECP concentrations in adult patients with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis have not been studied. <h3>METHODS</h3> Eosinophil numbers and serum concentrations of ECP were determined in 14 patients with known or newly diagnosed bronchiectasis and compared with age and sex matched patients with allergic bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and controls in whom bronchiectasis or obstructive pulmonary disease could be excluded. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Serum ECP levels were significantly raised both in patients with bronchiectasis (median (range) 22.5 μg/l (7–85)) and allergic asthma (35.0 μg/l (7–128)) compared with the sex and age matched subjects suffering from COPD (6.7 μg/l (1.5–28); p&lt;0.006) and non-obstructive normal controls (7.5 μg/l (3.5–19); p&lt;0.003). In contrast, significantly increased peripheral eosinophil numbers were observed in patients with bronchial asthma (305 × 10<sup>6</sup>/l; p&lt;0.01) but not in those with bronchiectasis (10<sup>2</sup> × 10<sup>6</sup>/l), COPD (117 × 10<sup>6</sup>/l), and healthy controls (101 × 10<sup>6</sup>/l). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The discrepancy between eosinophil counts and eosinophil numbers in patients with bronchiectasis suggests that serum ECP levels may be more relevant in assessing local eosinophil involvement than blood eosinophil numbers.
Upregulation of Cytosolic Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Is a Critical Metabolic Event in Melanoma Cells That Repopulate Tumors
Authors: Yong Li, Shunqun Luo, Ruihua Ma, Jing Liu, Pingwei Xu, Huafeng Zhang, Ke Tang, Jingwei Ma, Yi Zhang, Xiaoyu Liang, Yanling Sun, Tiantian Ji, Ning Wang, Bo Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Although metabolic defects have been investigated extensively in differentiated tumor cells, much less attention has been directed to the metabolic properties of stem-like cells that repopulate tumors [tumor-repopulating cells (TRC)]. Here, we show that melanoma TRCs cultured in three-dimensional soft fibrin gels reprogram glucose metabolism by hijacking the cytosolic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1), a key player in gluconeogenesis. Surprisingly, upregulated PCK1 in TRCs did not mediate gluconeogenesis but promoted glucose side-branch metabolism, including in the serine and glycerol-3-phosphate pathways. Moreover, this retrograde glucose carbon flow strengthened rather than antagonized glycolysis and glucose consumption. Silencing PCK1 or inhibiting its enzymatic activity slowed the growth of TRCs in vitro and impeded tumorigenesis in vivo. Overall, our work unveiled metabolic features of TRCs in melanoma that have implications for targeting a unique aspect of this disease. Cancer Res; 75(7); 1191–6. ©2015 AACR.
Topic: Integration of the Psychosomatic Approach into the Management of the Severely and Fatally Ill
Authors: K. Köhle, C. Simons
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1975)

An organizational concept for the integration of the psychosomatic approach into routine patient care on a general medical ward is proposed. Introduction of ward conferences, nurses interview with the newly admitted patients, patient group meetings as well as reorganization of the ward round and nurses' postgraduate training serve the purpose of enabling the ward staff to recognize and deal with psychosocial aspects of medical illness. This setting has proved to facilitate supportive psychotherapeutic measures in the care of the fatally ill.
"We need a short quote": media training for researchers
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2010)

I was recently invited to attend a media training day by our corporate affairs department, which all universities have these days. Conscripts had two things in common: we did research in controversial or sensitive areas, and we were incapable of converting profound academic insights into pithy soundbites.

Our trainer was a feisty woman whose pedigree included seven years as assistant editor of a leading national tabloid newspaper. I calculated that she could have been the person who ran the front page story that …
1-YEAR CONTROLLED RANDOMISED TRIAL OF PREVENTION OF EARLY POSTMENOPAUSAL BONE LOSS BY INTRANASAL CALCITONIN
Authors: J.Y. Reginster, A. Albert, M.P. Lecart, P. Lambelin, D. Denis, R. Deroisy, M.A. Fontaine, P. Franchimont
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
Hemoptysis With Cavitary Lung Lesion
Authors: Dixon Odero
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>History</h3> A 27-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for hemoptysis of three days' duration. During the previous three years, she had experienced progressive dyspnea on exertion and intermittent left-sided pleuritic chest pain. A posteroanterior chest roentgenogram (Fig 1) was obtained, followed by lateral tomography of the left side of the chest (Fig 2). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Cavitary sarcoidosis with pulmonary aspergilloma. <h3>Comment</h3> The chest roentgenogram (Fig 1) shows diffuse bilateral lesions. Small nodular lesions are present throughout the right lung and left base. There is a large cavity in the left upper lung zone with considerable overlying pleural thickening. The lateral tomogram (Fig 2) shows a rounded mass about 3 cm in diameter surrounded by a radiolucent zone, representing a mass in a cavity. Three years prior to this admission, sarcoidosis was diagnosed on the basis of bilateral hilar adenopathy, diffuse small nodular infiltrates on the chest roentgenogram, and a cervical
Rho Kinase Phosphorylation Promotes Ezrin-Mediated Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yong Chen, Dongmei Wang, Zhen Guo, Jun Zhao, Bing Wu, Hui Deng, Ti Zhou, Hongjun Xiang, Fei Gao, Xue Yu, Jian Liao, Tarsha Ward, Peng Xia, Chibuzo Emenari, Xia Ding, Winston Thompson, Kelong Ma, Jingde Zhu, Felix Aikhionbare, Kefen Dou, Shi-Yuan Cheng, Xuebiao Yao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract During progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations act to posttranslationally modulate the function of proteins that promote cancer invasion and metastasis. To define such abnormalities that contribute to liver cancer metastasis, we carried out a proteomic comparison of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and samples of intravascular thrombi from the same patient. Mass spectrometric analyses of the liver cancer samples revealed a series of acidic phospho-isotypes associated with the intravascular thrombi samples. In particular, we found that Thr567 hyperphosphorylation of the cytoskeletal protein ezrin was tightly correlated to an invasive phenotype of clinical hepatocellular carcinomas and to poor outcomes in tumor xenograft assays. Using phospho-mimicking mutants, we showed that ezrin phosphorylation at Thr567 promoted in vitro invasion by hepatocarcinoma cells. Phospho-mimicking mutant ezrinT567D, but not the nonphosphorylatable mutant ezrinT567A, stimulated formation of membrane ruffles, suggesting that Thr567 phosphorylation promotes cytoskeletal-membrane remodeling. Importantly, inhibition of Rho kinase, either by Y27632 or RNA interference, resulted in inhibition of Thr567 phosphorylation and a blockade to cell invasion, implicating Rho kinase-ezrin signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion. Our findings suggest a strategy to reduce liver tumor metastasis by blocking Rho kinase-mediated phosphorylation of ezrin. Cancer Res; 71(5); 1721–9. ©2011 AACR.
Oxygen Therapy-Reply
Authors: Ross C. Kory
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Conroy questions our values for the O<sub>2</sub>concentrations obtained with the nasal cannulas and further doubts that the nasal cannula is an effective method for oxygen administration. It should be pointed out that our O<sub>2</sub>concentrations are not materially different from those previously reported with the older, heavy metal nasal cannulas and that, in our hospital, oxygen administration by this method has been effective clinically. Concern was expressed about our method for obtaining end-expiratory alveolar gas samples. As stated in our paper, each subject at the time of sampling exhaled completely into a Haldane-Priestley tube. In this technique the subject exhaled continuously, his expired gas bubbling through a sampling tube containing slightly acidified water. These sampling tubes provided for the trapping of the last 125 cc. of the forced expiratory volume under the water seal. This end-expiratory gas was then transferred into a mercury-sealed
Water loss through the lip, nail, eyelid skin, scalp skin and axillary skin measured with a closed-chamber evaporation principle
Authors: J. Nuutinen, I. Harvima, M-R. Lahtinen, T. Lahtinen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Water loss through the lip, nail, eyelid skin, scalp skin and axillary skin measured with a closed‐chamber evaporation principle Get access J. Nuutinen, J. Nuutinen Department of Applied Physics, University of Kuopio, FIN‐70210 Kuopio, Finland Correspondence: Jouni Nuutinen, Delfin Technologies Ltd, Microkatu 1, PO Box 1188, FIN‐70210 Kuopio, Finland. E‐mail: jouni.nuutinen@delfintech.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Harvima, I. Harvima Department of Dermatology, Kuopio University Hospital, FIN‐70210 Kuopio, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M‐R. Lahtinen, M‐R. Lahtinen Department of Dermatology, Kuopio University Hospital, FIN‐70210 Kuopio, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Lahtinen T. Lahtinen Department of Applied Physics, University of Kuopio, FIN‐70210 Kuopio, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 4, 1 April 2003, Pages 839–841, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05257.x Published: 01 April 2003
Tumour necrosis factor‐α is involved in the contrasting effects of ultraviolet B and ultraviolet A1 radiation on the release by normal human keratinocytes of vascular permeability factor
Authors: None Longuet‐Perret, None Schmitt, None Viac
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Tumour necrosis factor‐α is involved in the contrasting effects of ultraviolet B and ultraviolet A1 radiation on the release by normal human keratinocytes of vascular permeability factor Get access I. Longuet‐Perret, I. Longuet‐Perret INSERM U346, Clinique Dermatologique, Hôpital E. Herriot, 69437 Lyon 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Schmitt, D. Schmitt INSERM U346, Clinique Dermatologique, Hôpital E. Herriot, 69437 Lyon 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Viac J. Viac INSERM U346, Clinique Dermatologique, Hôpital E. Herriot, 69437 Lyon 03, France Correspondence: Dr J. Viac. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 138, Issue 2, 1 February 1998, Pages 221–224, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02064.x Published: 01 February 1998
Polyarteritis Nodosa Inducing Symmetric Peripheral Gangrene
Authors: Herbert L. Fred, J. Humberto Serna, Glenn A. McDonald, S. Sohail Ahmed
Journal: Circulation (2003)

A 47-year-old man with a 1-month history of generalized arthralgias experienced the abrupt onset of fever, myalgias, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.Twenty-four hours later, his fingers and toes appeared cyanotic and then rapidly became necrotic (Figure 1).Aside from an oral temperature of 102°F, his physical examination was otherwise unremarkable.Pertinent laboratory data included 3ϩ proteinuria, a serum creatinine value of 4.3 mg/dL, sterile blood and urine cultures, and a negative hepatitis panel.A host of other serological and hematologic studies gave negative or normal results.The chest radiograph disclosed cardiomegaly.Percutaneous renal biopsy showed necrotic parenchyma.Renal angiography demonstrated bilateral arterial microaneurysms (Figure 2).With a presumptive diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa, the patient received prednisone and cyclophosphamide.His condition stabilized, and he underwent amputation of the necrotic digits.However, 4 months after onset of his symptoms, he suffered a cerebellar hemorrhage and died.At autopsy, the significant finding was polyarteritis nodosa affecting multiple organs.
A novel mutation in the <i>XPA</i> gene associated with unusually mild clinical features in a patient who developed a spindle cell melanoma
Authors: R.U. Sidwell, A. Sandison, J. Wing, H.D. Fawcett, J-E. Seet, C. Fisher, T. Nardo, M. Stefanini, A.R. Lehmann, J.J. Cream
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disorder of, in most cases, defective nucleotide excision repair (NER) of ultraviolet radiation (UV)- and chemical-induced DNA damage. The condition is characterized by an increased sensitivity of the skin to UV radiation, with early development of pigmentary changes and premalignant lesions in sun-exposed areas of the skin, signs of photoageing and a greatly increased incidence from a young age of skin tumours including melanoma. Approximately 20% of patients with XP show neurological abnormalities of varying severity due to primary neuronal degeneration. Genetic analysis by somatic cell hybridization has led to the identification in the NER-defective form of XP of seven complementation groups, designated XP-A to XP-G. These complementation groups correspond to different proteins involved in the NER process. XP-A classically includes some of the most severely affected patients.We describe a 61-year-old Punjabi woman with XP. Remarkably she had only mild cutaneous abnormalities, minimal neurological features and unusual longevity, and developed a malignant spindle cell melanoma. There are few previous reports of spindle cell melanoma associated with XP. To gain insight into the aetiology of these unusual features, we sought to analyse the DNA repair properties of the patient and identify the complementation group and the causative mutation in the defective gene.Unscheduled DNA synthesis and the inhibition of RNA synthesis were measured. The complementation group was assigned by fusing the cells of our patient with XP cells of known complementation groups and determining the ability to carry out unscheduled DNA repair. Molecular analysis of the cDNA was carried out by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing.Levels of DNA repair were extremely low and complementation analysis assigned the defect to the XP-A group. Sequencing of the XPA gene revealed a novel homozygous mutation of A-->G at the eighth nucleotide of intron 4 causing aberrant splicing and a nonfunctional truncated XP-A protein. However, a small amount of normally spliced mRNA was detected at <5% the level in normal cells.The small amount of normally spliced mRNA detected may be sufficient to explain the relatively mild clinical features in our patient.
Haplotype-Environment Interactions That Regulate the Human Glutathione <i>S</i>-Transferase P1 Promoter
Authors: Stephane Cauchi, Weiguo Han, Shalini V. Kumar, Simon D. Spivack
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Phase II detoxification of carcinogens is reported to mediate some of the anticarcinogenesis effects of candidate chemopreventive agents. We explored the interaction between sequence variation in the GSTP1 gene promoter and candidate chemopreventive exposure in regulating human GSTP1 expression. Polymorphisms along 1.8 kb of the GSTP1 promoter were identified in leukocytes [peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)] from 40 Caucasian subjects. Ten promoter polymorphisms (9 previously unreported) displayed strong linkage disequilibrium, yielding identification of three frequently observed haplotypes [HAP1 (43%), HAP2 (36%), and HAP3 (8%)]. Each haplotype was cloned into luciferase reporter constructs and transfected into normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Basal HAP3 reporter activity was significantly elevated (1.8-fold) but decreased to the same levels as HAP2 and HAP1 with increasing concentrations of sulforaphane, benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). To confirm native HAP3 functionality, we quantitated mRNA expression in uncultured PBMCs and in laser microdissected normal lung epithelial cells (MNLEC) from the same patients. Basal mRNA expression was higher in HAP3 individuals [1.8-fold (PBMC) and 4-fold (MNLEC) for HAP3 heterozygotes and 2.3-fold (PBMC), and 15-fold (MNLEC) for the HAP3 homozygote] than in the other genotypes. PBMC GSTP1 mRNA expression correlated to MNLEC expression (R2 = 0.77). After culture and in vitro exposure to sulforaphane, BITC, or EGCG, the elevated GSTP1 mRNA expression of PBMCs from HAP3 individuals decreased to common expression levels. Elevated HAP3 function was confirmed at the protein level in PBMCs (5-fold higher for HAP3 heterozygotes and 7.6-fold for the HAP3 homozygote). These data suggest a potentially protective GSTP1 promoter haplotype and unpredicted inhibitory chemopreventive agent-haplotype interactions. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(12): 6439-48)