tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MODERN PATHOLOGY AND THERAPY OF ACUTE RHINITIS.
Authors: A. R. SOLENBERGER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

In creating a rational and scientific basis for the treatment of acute rhinitis, we may assert the same general principles, which are fundamental to all other diseases, viz., that if the constitutional condition of the individual is such as to render him free from the predisposition, there is no such thing as an exciting cause for that individual. This is almost self evident in the case under consideration; for there are those in every climate, exposed to all the exciting causes, who never suffer from colds. The physiologic balance between the digestive, nervous and circulatory systems is perfect; they are immune to all external influences; to heat or cold, to atmospheric perturbations and micro-organisms. This immunity means perfect adaptation of the systems of the individual to his artificial environments; it means perfect tissue resistance to all disease producing causes. Here, then, we have a condition which is incompatible even with
Liver transplant recipient survival benefit with living donation in the model for endstage liver disease allocation era
Authors: Carl L. Berg, Robert M. Merion, Tempie H. Shearon, Kim M. Olthoff, Robert S. Brown, Talia B. Baker, Gregory T. Everson, Johnny C. Hong, Norah Terrault, Paul H. Hayashi, Robert A. Fisher, James E. Everhart
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Receipt of a living donor liver transplant (LDLT) has been associated with improved survival compared with waiting for a deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT). However, the survival benefit of liver transplant has been questioned for candidates with Model for Endstage Liver Disease (MELD) scores &lt;15, and the survival advantage of LDLT has not been demonstrated during the MELD allocation era, especially for low MELD patients. Transplant candidates enrolled in the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study after February 28, 2002 were followed for a median of 4.6 years. Starting at the time of presentation of the first potential living donor, mortality for LDLT recipients was compared to mortality for patients who remained on the waiting list or received DDLT (no LDLT group) according to categories of MELD score (&lt;15 or ≥15) and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Of 868 potential LDLT recipients (453 with MELD &lt;15; 415 with MELD ≥15 at entry), 712 underwent transplantation (406 LDLT; 306 DDLT), 83 died without transplant, and 73 were alive without transplant at last follow-up. Overall, LDLT recipients had 56% lower mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32-0.60; P &lt; 0.0001). Among candidates without HCC, mortality benefit was seen both with MELD &lt;15 (HR = 0.39; P = 0.0003) and MELD ≥15 (HR = 0.42; P = 0.0006). Among candidates with HCC, a benefit of LDLT was not seen for MELD &lt;15 (HR = 0.82, P = 0.65) but was seen for MELD ≥15 (HR = 0.29, P = 0.043). Conclusion: Across the range of MELD scores, patients without HCC derived a significant survival benefit when undergoing LDLT rather than waiting for DDLT in the MELD liver allocation era. Low MELD candidates with HCC may not benefit from LDLT. (Hepatology 2011;54:1313–1321)
Some Effects of Adrenal Cortical Steroids on Intermediary Metabolism
Authors: G. W. Thorn, A. E. Renold, A. I. Winegrad
Journal: BMJ (1957)

The importance of the adrenal gland to the total economy of the individual was indicated by the classic description of Thomas Addison in 1855 and the sub- sequent experiments of Brown-Sdquard (1856).It was not until 1908, however, that Bierry and Malloizel first described hypoglycaemia in adrenalectomized dogs.Porges in 1909 independently described a similar phenomenon in patients with Addison's disease, and in the following year first observed the occurrence of low levels of liver and muscle glycogen a few hours after adrenalectomizing fasted dogs.These observations were confirmed by Schwartz (1910) and Kahn and Starken- stein (1911).Following the discovery of insulin, Maranon (1925) reported that patients with adrenal insufficiency exhibited marked sensitivity to administered insulin, and Cori and Cori (1927), extending the original observations of Porges, Schwartz, and Kahn and Starkenstein, showed that adrenalectomized rats fasted for 24 hours had prac- tically no liver glycogen.During this early period Britton and Silvette (1932) championed the theory that the " prepotent" function of the adrenal cortex was concerned with the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.In summarizing their observations these investigators noted: "The effects of adrenalectomy on carbohydrate metabolism are pro- found in character and appear to be primarily respon- sible for the death of the animal.Blood glucose and liver glycogen . .show marked reduction from the normal levels.There are also associated decreases in muscle glycogen and increases in blood lactate.The glycogen of the heart is not reduced. . . .Completely adrenalectomized animals show a markedly reduced ability to store liver glycogen.Normal animals who were injected with glucose stored eight to ten times as much glycogen as operated animals."Controversies necessarily arose as different species of animals were used by different investigators and since the importance of the sodium and potassium content of *Being the Twelfth Jacobaeus Lecture presented in Oslo on
Quantification of Whole Body and Excreted Carbon Nanohorns Intravenously Injected into Mice
Authors: Minfang Zhang, Yoshio Tahara, Mei Yang, Xin Zhou, Sumio Iijima, Masako Yudasaka
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Abstract With the increase in the projected use of nanocarbons, such as carbon nanohorns (CNHs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and nanographenes, in medicine, the biodegradation and excretion of these materials has attracted increasing interest. Here, the excretion and pharmacokinetics of Gd 2 O 3 nanoparticle labels encapsulated within CNHs after their intravenous injection into mice is studied. The results show that CNHs quantitatively changed with the postinjection time in blood vessels, livers, and other organs. About 40% of the injected CNHs are lost from the mouse body at a postinjection time of 30 d; 15% are excreted in feces, most likely via the bililary pathway into the intestine, whereas the remaining 25% are inferred to be partly or completely degraded.
Antihypertensive Medications and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Aidar R. Gosmanov, Stephanie Connelly, James B. Lewis, Niyaz R. Gosmanov
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Taylor et al. (1) reported that antihypertensive regimens containing either β-blockers or thiazide diuretics confer a greater risk of new diabetes when compared with ACE inhibitors or calcium channel blockers (CCBs). However, we feel that the interpretation of data provided by the authors warrants further discussion. It is unclear what medication classes were included in the “other” category for each cohort. The Nurse’s Health Study (NHS) I …
Lumbar Puncture and Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Jack I. Woolf
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article, "Transient Paraplegia From Hematoma After Lumbar Puncture: A Consequence of Anticoagulant Therapy," by Messer et al (235:529, 1976) has totally missed an important point, in that the hematoma would more likely be a complication of the anticoagulant therapy rather than a complication of the spinal tap. Certainly, it is well recognized that anticoagulant therapy can produce spontaneous subarachnoid or subdural hematomas with paraplegias. Although spinal puncture could produce hematoma, the fact that the symptoms started three days later, and more importantly, the fact that the hematoma was in the cervicothoracic region rather than in the lumbar region would certainly mitigate this assumption. This is only another danger of anticoagulant therapy—besides the fact that this therapy is seldom of value in the treatment of cerebral vascular disorders.
The Abnormal Ballistocardiogram in Mitral Stenosis
Authors: C. B. HENDERSON
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Two abnormal waves present in the ballistocardiograms of 100 cases of mitral stenosis are described and the abnormality is classified into five grades. Evidence is presented which indicates that the abnormal waves are a result of ejection from the right ventricle and that the degree of abnormality of the ballistocardiogram bears a close relationship to the mean pulmonary artery pressure in mitral stenosis.
Frog cardiac calsequestrin. Identification, characterization, and subcellular distribution in two structurally distinct regions of peripheral sarcoplasmic reticulum in frog ventricular myocardium.
Authors: A G McLeod, A C Shen, K P Campbell, M Michalak, A O Jorgensen
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Calsequestrin is a calcium-binding protein known to sequester calcium accumulated in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of muscle cells during relaxation. In the present study, we used affinity-purified antibodies to chicken cardiac calsequestrin to identify a 60,000-Da calsequestrin in frog myocardium. Like previously identified cardiac calsequestrins, it is enriched in cardiac microsomes, it is enriched by biochemical procedures previously used to purify cardiac and skeletal calsequestrins, and it exhibits a pH-dependent shift in its apparent Mr on a two-dimensional gel system. Finally, the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of this 60,000-Da immunoreactive protein purified by fast protein liquid chromatography was identical to that of rabbit skeletal and canine cardiac calsequestrin. Thus, we conclude that this protein corresponds to the calsequestrin isoform in frog ventricular muscle. Frog calsequestrin was localized in discrete foci present at the periphery but absent from the central regions of frog ventricular myocytes as determined by immunofluorescence labeling. Immunoelectron microscopic labeling demonstrated that calsequestrin was confined to the lumen of two structurally distinct regions of the SR, where it was localized in the subsarcolemmal region of the myofibers. One of these appeared to correspond to the terminal SR previously reported to be closely apposed to the sarcolemma of frog myofibers. The other region, although close to the sarcolemma, was not physically joined to it and appeared to correspond to corbular SR. It generally is believed that frog cardiac SR does not provide activator Ca2+ required for excitation-contraction coupling. However, the identification of a calsequestrin isoform very similar to mammalian cardiac calsequestrin that is confined to specialized regions of frog cardiac SR lends support to the idea that frog cardiac SR has the ability to store Ca2+ and thus function in some capacity in frog cardiac muscle contraction.
Lepromatous leprosy presenting with polyarthritis, myositis, and immune-complex glomerulonephritis.
Authors: J M Iveson, A C McDougall, A J Leathem, H J Harris
Journal: BMJ (1975)

A Pakistani man aged 19 years was admitted to a rheumatological unit in the United Kingdom with acute widespread polyarthritis accompanied by night sweats and fever. Preliminary examination suggested Reiter9s disease, but further investigation showed acute glomerulonephritis with uraemia. The possibility of periarteritis nodosa, and the prominence of muscle tenderness in the legs, led to biopsies of striated muscle and skin, in both of which were changes typical of lepromatous leprosy, with many Mycobacterium leprae on Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Serum showed IgG-IgM cryoglobulinaemia without antiglobulin activity, and in the recovery phase renal biopsy showed a resolving proliferative glomerulonephritis with linear IgG and IgM immunofluorescence and granular deposits of C3. Clinical signs subsided rapidly under steroid treatment and subsequent progress on anti-leprosy drugs was uneventful. The term erythema nodosum leprosum is inadequate and misleading as a title for a common and important immune-complex reaction of lepromatous leprosy, in which numerous body systems may be involved.
Analysis of the motor effects of gastrin and pentagastrin on the human alimentary tract in vitro.
Authors: A Bennett, J J Misiewicz, S L Waller
Journal: Gut (1967)

<b>SUMMARY:</b> Intracranial lipomas are rare lesions. Intracranial lipoma associated with a subcutaneous lipoma is extremely rare. Various vascular abnormalities have been described in association with intracranial lipoma, including distension, kinking, or narrowing of arteries and veins; arteriovenous malformation; and aneurysm. To our knowledge, association of sagittal sinus fenestration, falcine sinus, and absent straight sinus with intraextracranial lipoma has not been reported before. We report the imaging findings of an infant with interhemispheric and subcutaneous lipoma associated with falcine sinus and sagittal sinus fenestration.
Novel Pseudomonas product stimulates interleukin-8 production in airway epithelial cells in vitro.
Authors: P P Massion, H Inoue, J Richman-Eisenstat, D Grunberger, P G Jorens, B Housset, J F Pittet, J P Wiener-Kronish, J A Nadel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Because high concentrations of IL-8 are found in the sputum of cystic fibrosis patients, we hypothesized that Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) induces the production of IL-8 in airway epithelial cells and in monocytes. Therefore, we incubated the supernatant from PA culture with human transformed bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) or with monocytes. The culture medium of 16-HBE cells that had been incubated with PA supernatant for 6 h had chemotactic activity that was inhibited by an antibody to human IL-8. The PA supernatant induced IL-8 production by primary bronchial epithelial cells, by 16-HBE cells, and by monocytes. After incubation with PA supernatant, 16-HBE cells showed a marked increase in the levels of IL-8 gene expression. The PA product responsible for IL-8 production resisted freezing, boiling, and proteolysis. This product was not lipid extractable and was present in a 1-kD filtrate. We conclude that a small molecular mass product of PA stimulates IL-8 production by 16-HBE cells and by monocytes, and that the chemotactic activity produced by 16-HBE cells after exposure to PA is due principally to IL-8.
Psychological Problems of Laryngectomy
Authors: Alan M. Nahum, Joshua S. Golden
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Profound emotional reactions are encountered in patients who have undergone laryngectomy. In our study of laryngectomized patients, both before and after surgery, specific patterns of anxiety were found. The extent to which these anxieties impair treatment and prevent adequate rehabilitation depends largely upon the physician. He must understand not only the meaning of the operation for the patient, but also his own feelings about his role as the surgeon. He must familiarize himself with the possible attitudes of patients and provide himself with the techniques to extract emotionally meaningful information which he can use to insure a successful emotional, as well as a successful surgical, result.
HENOCH'S PURPURA WITH INTUSSUSCEPTION: LAPAROTOMY: RECOVERY
Authors: S. Barling
Journal: BMJ (1913)

IBRgm 659 and perfection of conformity, become restored, with the result that many a child which appears to be plain when it comes to the hospital becomes positively good-looking in a very short time.Any painful disease or any condition of chronic disease alters the features perhaps permanently, and so do any conditions which cause irritability of temper, in itself a common enough symptom of disease, and the handsomeness of the children which was noted simply depended upon the fact that with imDroved health comes grace of posture and of action and of movement;
Renovascular Disease and Saralasin Tests
Authors: VINCENT DEQUATTRO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1977Renovascular Disease and Saralasin TestsVINCENT DEQUATTRO, M.D.VINCENT DEQUATTRO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-6-790 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The excellent paper by Marks, Maxwell, and Kaufman (Ann Intern Med 87:176-182, 1977) did not discuss their findings of a 100% cure rate after surgery in patients with renovascular disease and hypertension. Even their five patients with nonlateralized renin had blood pressure control: three were cured, two were improved. One of the former had a negative response to saralasin. Thus 40% of their operated patients lacked renin criteria and yet had a successful outcome.We also have had the opportunity to study 20 patients with renovascular disease and hypertension from 1972-77 at the Los Angeles County-University of...References1. BAERPARRA-CARRILLORADICHEVICHWILLIAMS LJIG: Detection of renovascular hypertension with angiotensin II blockade. Ann Intern Med 86:257-260, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar2. BOOKSTEINABRAMSBUENGERLECKYFRANKLINREISSBLEIFERKLATTEVARADYMAXWELL JHRJSMKEPM: Radiologic aspects of renovascular hypertension. 2. The role of urography in unilateral renovascular disease. JAMA 220:1225-1230, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MOSER M (Chairman): Report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. A cooperative study. JAMA 237:255-261, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. HUNTSTRONG JC: Renovascular hypertension, mechanisms, natural history and treatment, in Hypertension Manual, edited by LARAGH JH. New York, Yorke Medical Books, 1976, p. 509 Google Scholar2. STREETENANDERSONFREIBERGDALAKOS DGJT: Use of an angiotensin II antagonist (saralasin) in the recognition of "angiotensinogenic" hypertension. N Engl J Med 292:657-662, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BUDABAERPARRA-CARRILLOKASHEFMCALLISTERVOORHEESPIRANI JLJMFAC: Predictability of surgical response in renovascular hypertension. Arch Surg 111:1243-1248, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WILSONWILSONSLATONFOSTERLIDDLEHOLLIFIELD HJPJGJ: Saralasin infusion in the recognition of renovascular hypertension. Ann Intern Med 87:36, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1977Volume 87, Issue 6Page: 790-791KeywordsBlood pressureHypertensionSurgery Issue Published: 1 December 1977 PDF DownloadLoading ...
In vitro assessment of asbestos genotoxicity.
Authors: F B Daniel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Asbestos fibers are highly cytotoxic to cultured mammalian cells and produce chromosomal aberrations in several rodent cell types. There is some uncertainty in the literature as to whether these fibers are clastogenic to cultured human cells. Asbestos fibers do not produce either DNA damage or back mutations in prokaryotic assay systems, and they do not appear to cause DNA strand breaks in either rodent or human cells. The evidence that these fibers can produce either forward mutation or neoplastic transformation of mammalian cells is weak. Asbestos fibers are clearly oncogenic to humans and animals, but, except for clastogenic effects in rodent cells, there is little evidence for genotoxicity of fibers. It is reasonable to expect, therefore, that these materials may be oncogenic by virtue of mechanisms rather than as tumor initiators.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY OF BISOPROLOL AND IVABRADINE ON DOPPLER DERIVED CORONARY FLOW RESERVE IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE ANGINA PECTORIS: BEYOND THE HEART RATE
Authors: Ercole Tagliamonte, Fausto Rigo, Teresa Cirillo, Costantino Astarita, Umberto Marinelli, Archimede Caruso, Gerardo Riccio, Carlo Romano, Nicola Capuano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
STUDIES ON NATURAL IMMUNITY TO PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPE III
Authors: John F. Enders, Morris F. Shaffer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

1. A correlation appears to exist between the failure of certain strains of Pneumococcus Type III to grow at 41 degrees C. and their lack of virulence for rabbits. 2. It is likely that the capacity to grow at 41 degrees C.-an attribute constantly but not exclusively associated with strains of Pneumococcus Type III virulent for rabbits-is a prerequisite, but not the sole factor, in determining their virulence for these animals.
The ratio of aminotransferase to platelets is a useful index for predicting hepatic fibrosis in hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Chen-Hua Liu, Cheng-Chao Liang, Chun-Jen Liu, Shih-Jer Hsu, Jou-Wei Lin, Shih-I. Chen, Peir-Haur Hung, Hung-Bin Tsai, Ming-Yang Lai, Pei-Jer Chen, Jun-Herng Chen, Ding-Shinn Chen, Jia-Horng Kao
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
German watchdog investigates drug company's online education courses
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Germany’s Federal Cartel Office is investigating whether professional continuing education courses offered online by drug firms for free to doctors violates healthcare reform laws that went into effect in 2004.

Hans-Jorg Freese, the Berlin based spokesman for the German Medical Association, said that the cartel office outlined its concerns to the association in a 19 page letter in February. The association and 17 regional member groups are responsible for certifying all continuing education courses, which doctors must regularly take to remain licensed to practise medicine.

“They [cartel office officials] think that the [medical associations] should not be allowed to certify professional training courses that are offered by pharmaceutical companies …
A Case for Revisiting the Safety of Pesticides: A Closer Look at Neurodevelopment
Authors: Theo Colborn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

The quality and quantity of the data about the risk posed to humans by individual pesticides vary considerably. Unlike obvious birth defects, most developmental effects cannot be seen at birth or even later in life. Instead, brain and nervous system disturbances are expressed in terms of how an individual behaves and functions, which can vary considerably from birth through adulthood. In this article I challenge the protective value of current pesticide risk assessment strategies in light of the vast numbers of pesticides on the market and the vast number of possible target tissues and end points that often differ depending upon timing of exposure. Using the insecticide chlorpyrifos as a model, I reinforce the need for a new approach to determine the safety of all pesticide classes. Because of the uncertainty that will continue to exist about the safety of pesticides, it is apparent that a new regulatory approach to protect human health is needed.
Don't throw out the mop with the muck
Authors: J. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Last night I had a dream. My wife and I, tiring of the constant struggle to maintain standards in our professional and home lives, and recognising that the battlefront most obviously under pressure was the housework, made the radical decision to employ a cleaner. “Let’s commission a new service,” we trilled, brimming with enthusiasm after a recent practice based commissioning meeting. Lively debate about the sort of service we required and a thorough options appraisal followed; and at last, one bright Monday morning, our new cleaner stood on our doorstep, mop in hand, prim, confident, and keen. Life was great as she competently and professionally fulfilled the duties we asked of her, and our house was gradually restored to its PC state (that’s pre-children, not politically correct, which of course it has always been).

“Hang on,” we said to ourselves, “we know that things are …