tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NHS medical director defends his decision to pause paediatric heart surgery at Leeds
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Leeds General Infirmary is to resume children’s heart surgery from 10 April, after a review team called in to investigate concerns about death rates and staffing levels pronounced it safe.

The surgery, which was stopped on 28 March after a visit from NHS England medical director Bruce Keogh, will restart gradually, beginning with low risk operations, while the review continues to explore other issues about the unit.

The first stage of the review by a multidisciplinary clinical team found that Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust’s data for monitoring surgical results were “uniquely poor, triggering concerns about death rates and gaps in information,” NHS England said. It would be asking for “significant improvement to the way the unit monitors the quality …
The Passive Voice
Authors: Albert B. Lowenfels
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Many writers deliberately use the passive voice (<b>201</b>:616, 1967) to avoid responsibility. This represents a transfer of the committee approach into the verbal area. Consider this example: "A careful manual exploration of the abdominal viscera was performed and revealed no significant pathology." Translated into the active voice this becomes something like: "I ran my hands through the guts and found nothing." Now the surgeon clearly shoulders the entire load!
Psychologic and Social Precursors of Coronary Disease
Authors: C. David Jenkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Life DissatisfactionsStudies from several countries agree that patients with coronary disease are particularly apt to report dissatisfactions in many areas of their lives. Blohmke and her colleagues compared men in five categories of coronary disease with a control population.92 One or more of the categories were distinguished from controls by each of the following variables: tedious work, vocational difficulties in the past 10 years, and feeling of being ill at ease at place of work. In each case of a significant difference, the groups with coronary disease more often reported the job dissatisfaction. Bruhn et al., in a study . . .
Better diagnosis could aid battle against pelvic inflammatory disease
Authors: William E. Golden
Journal: JAMA (1980)

"Today's epidemic of pelvic inflammatory disease is tomorrow's epidemic of infertility." With this prediction, Donald R. Hopkins, MD, assistant director for international health at the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, opened an international symposium on pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) at the CDC recently. Throughout the three-day conference, experts on sexually transmitted diseases presented evidence of the complexity, variety, and seriousness of the problem. Perhaps the most important aspects of this in the United States are the lack of awareness by physicians of the microbiological diversity of the disorder and the failure of public health authorities to disseminate the most appropriate guidelines for the care of such patients. <h3>Impressive Prevalence</h3> Physicians care for 212,000 cases of salpingitis annually, according to data presented by Oscar G. Jones of the venereal disease control division of the CDC. James Curran, MD, chief of the operational research branch of the same division, noted that
Tsp509I polymorphism in exon 2 of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in relation to obesity and cortisol secretion: cohort study
Authors: R Rosmond, C Bouchard, P Björntorp
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editorial by Sorensen and Echwald

Chronically elevated cortisol levels can increase body fat, as seen clearly in Cushing's syndrome. Subjects with abdominal obesity share many of the hormonal, metabolic, and circulatory characteristics of people with Cushing's syndrome. A dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptor may add to the adverse health effects of excessive cortisol concentrations.

An Asn363Ser polymorphism in exon 2 of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (GRL) might be associated with overweight and an increased sensitivity to exogenous glucocorticoids.1 We therefore examined whether this variant was associated with altered sensitivity to glucocorticoids as well as obesity with its related metabolic and haemodynamic abnormalities in a cohort of Swedish men.2

Subjects (a total of 284 men) were randomly selected from a larger cohort of men born in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1944. The design of the study has been described elsewhere.3 Measurements reported here were carried out in Gothenburg during …
"CVA" and the Lexicon of Medicine
Authors: Robert A. Fink
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was pleased to see the letter in the November 22 issue (236:2390) entitled "Let's Do Away with CVA," by Dr Adelson of Cleveland. I certainly agree with the author, and I have done my part to rid us of this terminology. The purpose of this letter, however, is to give credit to Dr John A. Wagner, Professor of Neuropathology Emeritus at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, for originating the statement "let's do away with CVA." I remember fondly during 1957 to 1961, when I was a student of Dr Wagner's, the extremely erudite teaching sessions on this subject. It was Dr Wagner's abilities as a teacher that influenced me greatly in choosing neurological surgery as a specialty.
Erratum: Corrigendum: Conversion of cerebral cortex into basal ganglia in Emx2−/− Pax6Sey/Sey double-mutant mice
Authors: Luca Muzio, Barbara DiBenedetto, Anastassia Stoykova, Edoardo Boncinelli, Peter Gruss, Antonello Mallamaci
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2013)
Preclinical coronary atherosclerosis in a population with low incidence of myocardial infarction: cross sectional autopsy study
Authors: A. Bertomeu
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Studies of autopsies indicate that atherosclerosis begins in childhood and is related to risk factors for coronary heart disease in the same way as for adult atherosclerosis.1 In Spain, despite risk factors for coronary heart disease being common, incidence of myocardial infarction and related mortality rates are among the lowest in the world.2 3 This paradox may be explained in two ways. One theory proposes that there is a time lag between increased consumption of animal fat and raised serum cholesterol concentrations, which have occurred more recently in Mediterranean populations than in other Western countries, and the expected increase in rates of coronary heart disease.4 An alternative explanation is that Mediterranean countries share behavioural and socioeconomic factors that prevent or delay atherogenesis.5 If this is true, the arteries of young Spaniards should be free from atheroma. We studied autopsies to evaluate the prevalence and severity of atherosclerosis in several arterial beds of young trauma victims from Barcelona. We report the results of left coronary artery evaluation.

At …
Adjustment and Fantasy in Medical Students
Authors: ARTHUR H. SCHWARTZ, ANDREW E. SLABY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

In an effort to identify characteristics of a group of medical students who were conflicted about their identity, the authors investigated the value systems and attitudes of 46 graduating medical students. The 11 students characterized by imagining themselves in the field of arts and letters if they had not entered medicine differed significantly from their colleagues: they had a greater incidence of psychiatric treatment, suicidal ideation, depersonalization experiences, and dissatisfaction with their medical school training; they were more likely to attend concerts and to read nonmedical books than their fellow students; they were less likely to be members of an organized religion; and they were more likely to have smoked marijuana.
The effects of geometry, elasticity, and external pressures on the diastolic pressure-volume and stiffness-stress relations. How important is the pericardium?
Authors: I Mirsky, J S Rankin
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The concept of an incremental elastic modulus is applied in the quantification of passive elastic stiffness-stress relations of intact heart muscle, and a transmural pressure-volume relation for the left ventricle is subsequently derived in terms of geometry, muscle elasticity, and external pressures to assess their importance. Physiological and clinical applications of this method indicate that: (1) stiffness-stress relations obtained on the basis of pressure-volume data from dog hearts are not significantly different from those obtained from muscle strips excised from these same hearts; (2) shape and the presence of right ventricular, pericardial, or pleural pressures are of secondary importance in an assessment of passive elastic stiffness; and (3) dramatic shifts in the left ventricular intracavity pressure-volume relations following drug interventions are primarily due to the presence of substantial pericardial pressures; however, the transmural pressure-volume relations are not markedly altered, implying no alteration in the intrinsic ventricular compliance.
Surgical Treatment of Local Recurrence After Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Primary and Metastatic Lung Cancers
Authors: Shinya Neri, Yutaka Takahashi, Takuya Terashi, Hiroshi Hamakawa, Keisuke Tomii, Nobuyuki Katakami, Masaki Kokubo
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been proposed as an alternative to surgery for the treatment of lung cancer. The treatment of local recurrence that occurs after SBRT has not been reported. We present surgical outcomes for local recurrence following SBRT for primary and metastatic lung cancers.Seven of the patients who received SBRT between 2002 and 2008 underwent salvage surgery for local recurrence. These seven patients (two with stage I non-small cell lung cancer and five with metastatic tumors) were operable, although they refused surgery and chose SBRT for the first treatment as a less invasive procedure.Six of the seven patients underwent lobectomy, and the other patient underwent segmentectomy. None of the seven patients had direct pleural adhesion resulting from SBRT, although, in general, radiation fibrosis occurs after radiotherapy and induces pleural adhesion that makes surgery difficult.Our study suggests that SBRT may not be the cause of difficulties encountered during the surgical process, and surgery is a good alternative treatment for local recurrence after SBRT. During follow-up after SBRT, the appearance of tumor regrowth on lung images resembled that of inflammatory changes such as radiation pneumonitis. We suggest that close follow-ups should be mandatory after SBRT.
Obesity and Mortality from Cancer
Authors: Hans-Olov Adami, Dimitrios Trichopoulos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Laboratory investigators have long known that animals in which energy intake is reduced to about 60 percent of the intake of animals that are fed as much as they want have a considerably lower incidence of cancer than the control animals. This finding apparently holds true for viral, chemical, and even spontaneous carcinogenesis. Evidence from studies in humans has been largely compatible with these laboratory findings and is applicable to a wide spectrum of sites and types of tumors. Yet this evidence has not stimulated the development of programs to prevent cancer by weight control.There are several reasons for . . .
Whole Canine Organ Preservation
Authors: William G. Manax
Journal: JAMA (1966)

During the course of any transplantation procedure, a period of ischemia is inevitable. When living donors are used, as in the clinical situation, the ischemic interval usually can be kept short enough so that minimal damage occurs in the donor organ. However, the use of cadaver organs introduces longer periods of ischemia and therefore poses a more serious problem. Only when maximal organ viability is maintained during the preterminal period and successful storage during an ischemic environment is realized can the routine use of cadaver organs for human transplantation procedures be justified.  Previously we reported successful in vitro preservation of canine kidneys, 1 hearts, 2 and isolated bowel (ileal) segments 3 for 24 hours at 2 C and 3.0 atmospheres absolute (atm) of oxygen and for 48 hours (hearts, bowel) at 2 C and 8.0 atm of oxygen. 4,5 The clear observation that extension of viable storage of these organs
MicroRNAs Play an Essential Role in the Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Danish Sayed, Chull Hong, Ieng-Yi Chen, Jacqueline Lypowy, Maha Abdellatif
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

MicroRNAs are naturally existing, small, noncoding RNA molecules that downregulate posttranscriptional gene expression. Their expression pattern and function in the heart remain unknown. Here we report an array of microRNAs that are differentially and temporally regulated during cardiac hypertrophy. Significantly, the muscle-specific microRNA-1 (miR-1) was singularly downregulated as early as day 1 (0.56±0.036), persisting through day 7 (0.29±0.14), after aortic constriction–induced hypertrophy in a mouse model. Overexpression experiments showed that miR-1 inhibited its in silico–predicted, growth-related targets, including Ras GTPase–activating protein (RasGAP), cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9), fibronectin, and Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb), in addition to protein synthesis and cell size. Thus, we propose that microRNAs play an essential regulatory role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, wherein downregulation of miR-1 is necessary for the relief of growth-related target genes from its repressive influence and induction of hypertrophy.
A central role for Necl4 (SynCAM4) in Schwann cell–axon interaction and myelination
Authors: Ivo Spiegel, Konstantin Adamsky, Yael Eshed, Ron Milo, Helena Sabanay, Offra Sarig-Nadir, Ido Horresh, Steven S Scherer, Matthew N Rasband, Elior Peles
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2007)
Adverse Endometrial Effects of Long-Cycle Estrogen and Progestogen Replacement Therapy
Authors: Åsta Cerin, Knut Heldaas, Birger Moeller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

To the Editor: Treatment with unopposed estrogen is known to increase the risk of endometrial hyperplasia, atypia, and carcinoma, and therefore the administration of a progestogen during hormone-re...
Chronic Kidney Disease – How Many Have It?
Authors: William G. Couser
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

A 52-year-old woman with HIV and recent antiretroviral therapy non-adherence presented with a 5-day history of widespread painful vesicular skin lesions. Direct fluorescent antibody testing of the skin lesions was positive for varicella zoster virus (VZV). On day 3, she developed profound right upper extremity weakness. MRI of the brain and cervical spine was suggestive of VZV myelitis. Lumbar puncture was positive for VZV PCR in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and CSF HIV viral load was detected at 1030 copies/mL, indicating ‘secondary’ HIV CSF escape. She was treated with intravenous acyclovir for 4 weeks and subsequent oral therapy with famciclovir then valacyclovir for 6 weeks. She also received dexamethasone. The patient had an almost full recovery at 6 months. Myelitis is a rare complication of reactivated VZV infection that can have atypical presentation in immunocompromised patients. Such ‘secondary’ HIV CSF escape should be considered in immunosuppressed patients with concomitant central nervous system infection.
Effective Medical Leadership
Authors: Gerard F. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Giant Left Circumflex Coronary Artery Aneurysm With Arteriovenous Fistula to the Coronary Sinus
Authors: Vishal Gupta, Quynh A. Truong, David R. Okada, Thomas J. Kiernan, Bryan P. Yan, Roberto J. Cubeddu, David J. Roberts, Suhny Abbara, Thomas E. MacGillivray, Igor F. Palacios
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Image-guided, targeted and triggered drug delivery to tumors using polymer-based microbubbles
Authors: Stanley Fokong, Benjamin Theek, Zhuojun Wu, Patrick Koczera, Lia Appold, Samuel Jorge, Ute Resch-Genger, Marc van Zandvoort, Gert Storm, Fabian Kiessling, Twan Lammers
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Novel Adaptors of Amyloid Precursor Protein Intracellular Domain and Their Functional Implications
Authors: Arunabha Chakrabarti, Debashis Mukhopadhyay
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2012)

Abstract Amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain (AICD) is one of the potential candidates in deciphering the complexity of Alzheimer’s disease. It plays important roles in determining cell fate and neurodegeneration through its interactions with several adaptors. The presence or absence of phosphorylation at specific sites determines the choice of partners. In this study, we identified 20 novel AICD-interacting proteins by in vitro pull down experiments followed by 2D gel electrophoresis and MALDI-MS analysis. The identified proteins can be grouped into different functional classes including molecular chaperones, structural proteins, signaling and transport molecules, adaptors, motor proteins and apoptosis determinants. Interactions of nine proteins were further validated either by colocalization using confocal imaging or by co-immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting. The cellular functions of most of the proteins can be correlated with AD. Hence, illustration of their interactions with AICD may shed some light on the disease pathophysiology.
Dose of Carbolic Acid and Dosage in General.
Authors: Wm. J. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1903)

New York, Nov. 14, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In reference to the dose of carbolic acid, I should like to say that I personally know a patient who is taking one-half dram, or 30 minims, of pure liquefied carbolic acid at a dose two or three times a day. He has been taking it for some time, and with apparent great benefit. Of course, he has reached the dose gradually, starting with one or two minim doses. I might take this opportunity to add that our so-called science of posology is in an uncertain, chaotic condition, and that no intelligent physician, who is able to watch and interpret effects, should be hampered by book doses. He need not be afraid of being styled a homeopath, if he thinks he gets good effects from and, therefore, prescribes doses much below the accepted minimum; nor, on the other hand, should he hesitate
C-reactive protein impairs the endothelial glycocalyx resulting in endothelial dysfunction
Authors: S. Devaraj, J.-M. Yun, G. Adamson, J. Galvez, I. Jialal
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

AimsInflammation is pivotal in atherosclerosis and a key early step is endothelial dysfunction. C-reactive protein, the prototypic marker of inflammation, and cardiovascular risk marker have been shown to promote atherogenesis. Increased levels of C-reactive protein are associated with endothelial dysfunction. The glycocalyx decorates the luminal surface and affords critical protection of the endothelium. Thus, the aim of the study was to examine the effect of C-reactive protein on the endothelial glycocalyx.
Pyrogenic Reactions to Gentamicin Therapy
Authors: Mary M. Fanning, Ron Wassel, Toni Piazza-Hepp
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: In October 1998, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 20 endotoxin-like reactions to intravenous gentamicin1 administered in a once-daily dosing regimen. We report...
Pneumomediastinum and diabetic hyperpnoea.
Authors: B. McNicholl, J. P. Murray, B. Egan, P. McHugh
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Patients Infarct of Over Over Ischaemia 110 mm.Hg 200 mm.Hg < 110 mg./100 ml... 13 2 0 3 2 110 mg./100 ml. to 129 mg./100 ml... 10 0 1 0 0 > 130 mg./100 ml... 23 6 8 5 4 Known diabetics .. 3 0 3 2 1further chemical diabetics were detected.Thus 50% of patients submitted to operation for benign prostatic hyperplasia were diabetic.This high incidence of diabetes mellitus and a pre- vious history of cardiac infarction or E.C.G. evidence of ischaemia (40.7% of patients) may reflect the already demon- strated association between latent diabetes and ischaemic heart disease (Butterfield, 1964).
Points: Dangers from dissolution of latex in Celestin endo-oesophageal tube
Authors: A E Hanwell
Journal: BMJ (1987)

causalgia.Clinical experience suggests that superficial mechanical stimulation of P6 is as effective as elec- trical stimulation, but confirmation by a properly controlled clinical trial is required. Dangers from dissolution of latex in Celestin endo-oesophageal tubeDr A E HANWELL (Keymed, Essex SS2 5QH) writes: Dr S A Hussain and others (14 February, p 413) state, in their report of the dangers of the disintegration of Celestin tubes, that this problem is well recognised, but is it?In addition to the five references listed with the case report we found a further five reports of similar disintegration, going back as far as 1976.'-5 For this period we cannot find a single report of similar problems encountered with a prosthesis constructed from silicone rubber, which is much more resistant to disintegration.6 1 Brown P, Hughes RG.Late complication of endoscopic oeso-
Prevention of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Peter A. Jones, Ronald K. Ross
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Strategies to prevent the most prevalent cancers in the West are remarkably straightforward in principle. To prevent lung cancer, quit smoking; to prevent breast cancer, maintain your ideal body weight and exercise; and to prevent skin cancer, stay out of the sun.1 Now comes a seemingly simple way to reduce the risk of bladder cancer, which is the fourth most common cancer among men in the United States: drink more fluids.Until now, the only firmly established risk factors for bladder cancer were cigarette smoking and exposure to a class of chemical carcinogens known as arylamines. In fact, bladder cancer . . .
MANAGEMENT OF VESICOURETHRAL DYSFUNCTION IN WOMEN
Authors: Russell B. Carson
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Dysfunction of urination in the female is so common that many women have remarked: "I thought it was normal for all women to have bladder trouble." Dysfunction of urination in the female differs from that in the male, in large measure because of the difference in fixation and support of the urethra. In the male the urethra remains in a stationary position attached more securely to the pubis anteriorly; a more complete urogenital diaphragm supports it inferiorly; and the vaginal cavity is absent postero-inferiorly. The frequency of the occurrence of some form of female urinary disturbance in the office records of my private urologic practice has stimulated this report. Of the last 2,348 patients seen in the office, 1,000 werewomen, and 1,348 were men.