tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Romantic novels "negate" sexual health advice
Authors: P. Stoker
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Romantic fiction encourages the women of today to idealise sex and relationships, the consumer correspondent for the Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care said this month.

In the July issue of the journal, Susan Quilliam, relationship psychologist and agony aunt for Top Sante magazine, argued the “huge relevance” of romantic fiction in relation to the women seen in doctors’ consulting rooms ( J Fam Planning Reprod Health Care 2011;37:179-81).

Stressing the number of hours women around the world spend reading romantic literature—in certain developed countries romantic literature is responsible for half of fiction sales, and some women spend as long as one day a week reading it—Ms Quilliam compared them to the very few sex education hours that women were exposed to. She wrote, “What we see in our consulting rooms …
CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP.REDUCTION AT AN EARLY AGE.
Authors: PRESCOTT LE BRETON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In cases of congenital dislocation of the hip diagnosis is possible soon after the child begins to walk, because the limp in unilateral cases or the waddle and lordosis in bilateral cases call attention to the condition. Tn a certain number of cases, which are, nevertheless, congenital, dislocation does not occur until a later time. The period depends on the amount of deformity present. This fact was well illustrated in the case of a child under my observation. When 2 years old she had a waddling gait and slightly increased lordosis, but not one symptom of dislocation could be discovered. Three months later the waddle and lordosis had increased and all the typical signs of a double dislocation were present. Complete luxation occurred between the examinations. There is considerable difference of opinion as to the time that treatment should be begun in these early cases. Some orthopedists, notably Lorenz, prefer
Alcohol Intake and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Toshihiko Ishimitsu
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 April 1997Alcohol Intake and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Hypertensive PatientsToshihiko Ishimitsu, MDToshihiko Ishimitsu, MDNational Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 565, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-8-199704150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Excessive alcohol intake is known to promote the development of hypertension. However, some studies have found a J-shaped curve when alcohol consumption is compared with blood pressure [1]. Furthermore, several studies have reported a lower incidence of coronary heart disease in light-to-moderate drinkers than in those who abstain, possibly because of increased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [2]. Therefore, the overall benefits and risks brought about by alcohol intake should be carefully assessed before hypertensive patients are advised about alcohol intake. The ultimate purpose of antihypertensive therapy is to inhibit target-organ injuries and cardiovascular diseases. This should ...References1. Criqui MN, Wallace RB, Mishkel M, Barrett-Conner E, Heiss G. Alcohol consumption and blood pressure: the Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study. Hypertension. 1981; 3:557-65. Google Scholar2. Klatsky AL, Armstrong MA, Friedman GD. Alcohol and mortality. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:646-54. Google Scholar3. Blackburn H, Keys A, Simonson E, Rautaharju P, Punsar S. The electrocardiogram in population studies: a classification system. Circulation. 1960; 21:1160-75. Google Scholar4. Simpson P. Norepinephrine-stimulated hypertrophy of cultured rat myocardial cells is an α 1-adrenergic response. J Clin Invest. 1983; 72:732-8. Google Scholar5. Dahlof B, Herlitz H, Aurell M, Hansson L. Reversal of cardiovascular structural changes when treating essential hypertension: the importance of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Am J Hypertens. 1992; 5:900-11. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1997Volume 126, Issue 8Page: 666KeywordsAlcohol consumptionAlcoholsBlood pressureCardiac hypertrophyCardiovascular diseasesElectrocardiographyEthanolHigh density lipoprotein cholesterolHypertensionLeft ventricular hypertrophy Issue Published: 15 April 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Association between cutaneous melanoma, Breslow thickness and vitamin D receptor BsmI polymorphism
Authors: C. Santonocito, R. Capizzi, P. Concolino, M.M. Lavieri, A. Paradisi, S. Gentileschi, E. Torti, S. Rutella, S. Rocchetti, A. Di Carlo, E. Di Stasio, F. Ameglio, C. Zuppi, E. Capoluongo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Literature data report an association between some vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and different kinds of tumours, including malignant melanoma (MM). Only three VDR polymorphisms (FokI, TaqI and A-1012G) have been investigated in association with the presence of cutaneous MM or the development of metastases.The present paper analyses for the first time the association between BsmI polymorphism and MM prevalence together with Breslow thickness. In addition, the FokI single nucleotide polymorphism was also determined.One hundred and one patients with MM and 101 healthy donors matched for age and sex were enrolled. Molecular VDR typing was performed by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.All cases and controls were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for BsmI, FokI and A-1012G. Significant associations were found between the BsmI bb genotype frequency and MM (P = 0.02) along with Breslow thickness (P = 0.001). This same behaviour was not observed for the FokI or A-1012G polymorphisms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed these significant results after correction for age, gender, skin type and MM localization.Although the biological meaning of the effects exerted by BsmI polymorphism is still under debate, the statistical association found in the present study suggests that further work should be done to verify this variant as a possible risk marker for MM and its aggressiveness, also considering that the real association may be due to other unknown genes linked to the BsmI b allele.
Abstract 18661: Results of Chronic Phrenic Nerve Stimulation using the RespiCardia(TM) System are Comparable to Acute Results in the Improvement of Central Sleep Apnea: First in Man Experience
Authors: William T Abraham, Shi-Jiang Zhang, Dariusz Michalkiewicz, Ayesha Hasan, Bradley Bart, Danuta Czarnecka, Piotr Ponikowski
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Central sleep apnea (CSA) episodes, oxygen desaturation and disruption in sleep architecture are part of the underlying mechanisms associated with periodic beathing (PB) and are respons...
Abstract 1215: Orexin and their 7-membrane spanning receptors OX1R: a new colon cancer therapeutic target
Authors: Thierry Voisin, Aadil El Firar, alain couvineau, marc laburthe
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Orexins are hypothalamic peptides involved in sleep/wake control. Unexpectedly, we have shown that orexins promote robust apoptosis in various colorectal cancer cells1. The cell death is mediated by the orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) through an original mechanism. OX1R, a G protein-coupled receptor class I (GPCR), is aberrantly expressed in primary colorectal tumors and liver metastases2. We next investigated the molecular mechanism of OX1Rmediated cell death. OX1R makes use of “tyrosine-based motifs” ITIM (Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motif)3 and ITSM (Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Switch Motif)4 to drive apoptosis. These “tyrosine-based motifs” are mandatory for recruitment and activation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, leading to apoptosis. Orexins promote cell death through Mitogen-/Stress-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK/SAPK) p38 activation in a SHP-2 dependent manner. The present work is original for two reasons: 1) OX1R is the first example of the involvement of both ITSM and ITIM in GPCR signal transduction. ITIM and ITSM sequences are more frequent than initially thought in GPCRs. This emphasizes the need to explore this mechanism of signal transduction in various GPCRs for regulating cellular processes including at least cell apoptosis and proliferation; 2) we provide evidence that OX1R is aberrantly expressed in all primary colorectal tumors and liver metastases and that its activation by exogenous orexins result in robust apoptosis of colon cancer cells in culture and strong decrease of tumor development in mice xenografted with colon cancer cells in vivo. OX1R represent a new promising target in colorectal cancer therapy and/or for metastases imaging. 1 J.Biol.Chem, 279: 45875 (2004) 2 Can. Res. 71: 3341 (2011) 3 FASEB J. 22: 1993 (2008) 4 FASEB J. 23: 4069 (2009) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1215. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1215
Classification of Mental Disorders
Authors: R. Armstrong-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1934)

<h3>Background</h3> Approved treatment modalities for the surgical management of lumbar spinal stenosis encompass a variety of direct and indirect methods of decompression, though all have varying degrees of limitations and morbidity which potentially limit the efficacy and durability of the treatment. The coflex<sup>®</sup> interlaminar stabilization implant (Paradigm Spine, New York, NY), examined under a United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) clinical trial, is shown to have durable outcomes when compared to posterolateral fusion in the setting of post-decompression stabilization for stenotic patients. Other clinical and radiographic parameters, more indicative of durability, were also evaluated. The data collected from these parameters were used to expand the FDA composite clinical success (CCS) endpoint; thus, creating a more stringent Therapeutic Sustainability Endpoint (TSE). The TSE allows more precise calculation of the durability of interlaminar stabilization (ILS) when compared to the fusion control group. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective analysis of data generated from a prospective, randomized, level-1 trial that was conducted at 21 US sites was carried out. Three hundred forty-four per-protocol subjects were enrolled and randomized to ILS or fusion after decompression for lumbar stenosis with up to grade 1 degenerative spondylolisthesis. Clinical, safety, and radiographic data were collected and analyzed in both groups. Four-year outcomes were assessed, and the TSE was calculated for both cohorts. The clinical and radiographic factors thought to be associated with therapeutic sustainability were added to the CCS endpoints which were used for premarket approval (PMA). <h3>Results</h3> Success rate, comprised of no second intervention and an ODI improvement of ≥ 15 points, was 57.6% of ILS and 46.7% of fusion patients (p = 0.095). Adding lack of fusion in the ILS cohort and successful fusion in the fusion cohort showed a CCS of 42.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Finally, adding adjacent level success to both cohorts and maintenance of foraminal height in the coflex cohort showed a CCS of 36.6% and 25.6%, respectively. With additional follow-up to five years in the U.S. PMA study, these trends are expected to continue to show the superior therapeutic sustainability of ILS compared to posterolateral fusion after decompression for spinal stenosis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There are clear differences in both therapeutic sustainability and intended clinical effect of ILS compared to posterolateral fusion with pedicle screw fixation after decompression for spinal stenosis. There are CCS differences between coflex and fusion cohorts noted at four years post-op similar to the trends revealed in the two year data used for PMA approval. When therapeutic sustainability outcomes are added to the CCS, ILS is proven to be a sustainable treatment for stabilization of the vertebral motion segment after decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis.
Quantitation of Hepatitis C Virus RNA
Authors: Judith C. Wilber
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 July 1996Quantitation of Hepatitis C Virus RNAJudith C. Wilber, PhD and Mickey S. Urdea, PhDJudith C. Wilber, PhDChiron Corp., Emeryville, CA 94608Search for more papers by this author and Mickey S. Urdea, PhDChiron Corp., Emeryville, CA 94608Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Gretch and colleagues [1] compared two quantitative hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA assays: the branched DNA (bDNA) assay, commonly available in research laboratories, and an in-house quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test.The authors reported a possible “prozone” effect and variable results in a small subset of samples obtained from patients with end-stage liver disease and from liver transplant recipients. Our internal technical services group was interested in studying the problem, but the samples were unavailable for further study. The authors' laboratory has not encountered the problem again. Samples with particulate matter, for example, may yield ...References1. Gretch D, dela Rosa C, Carithers RL Jr, Willson RA, Williams B, Corey L. Assessment of hepatitis C viremia using molecular amplification technologies: correlations and clinical implications. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:321-9. Google Scholar2. Collins ML, Zayati C, Detmer JJ, Daly B, Kolberg JA, Cha TA, et al. Preparation and characterization of RNA standards for use in quantitative branched DNA hybridization assays. Anal Biochem. 1995; 226:120-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chiron Corp., Emeryville, CA 94608 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1996Volume 125, Issue 2Page: 155KeywordsDNAHepatitis C virusLiver diseasesLiver transplantationParticulatesPolymerase chain reactionQuantitative analysisRNAReproducibilityResearch laboratories Issue Published: 15 July 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
CD16. Developmentally regulated IgG Fc receptors on cultured human monocytes.
Authors: S B Clarkson, P A Ory
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

We have demonstrated that one Fc receptor for IgG (FcR) (CD16) on cultured human monocytes appears to be a developmentally regulated membrane protein. This receptor appears to contain less carbohydrate (if any) than does its counterpart on human neutrophils. Expression of CD16 on cultured monocytes increases with respect to both percentage of positive cells and numbers of sites per cell with length of time in culture. This was in contrast to expression of other types of FcRs that either decreased (CDw32) or did not change (FcRp72). Unlike an FcR that binds monomeric IgG (FcRp72), expression of CD16 on monocytes from most normal individuals was not influenced by IFN-gamma. After 14 d in culture, CD16 appeared to be the predominant FcR on cultured monocytes, and was capable of mediating both ligand attachment and phagocytosis. These findings support the hypothesis that CD16 plays an important role in mediating immunophagocytosis.
The Thucydides Syndrome: Another View
Authors: A.J. Holladay
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Last year, a new hypothesis was advanced in the Journal about the nature of the Athenian plague described by Thucydides.1 Influenza was suggested as a partial explanation, but the symptoms and characteristics clearly do not match those in Thucydides adequately; Langmuir et al. apparently recognized this, because they added as a supplemental explanation staphylococcal infection — although no outbreak of this infection that has included all the required features has so far been noted in modern times. There also had to be an epidemic of impetigo, so the number of necessary coinciding ailments rises to three; even so, many loose . . .
Abstract 298: End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Values as an Indicator of Arrest Etiology and Prognosis
Authors: Alex K Pearce, Rebecca E Sell, Ruth W Chappell, Anushirvan Minokadeh, Daniel P Davis
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), end tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) is used to assess the quality of compressions, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and the futility of continued resuscitative efforts. In out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the first measured PetCO2 correlates with the etiology of arrest, distinguishing between asphyxial and ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia (VF). This has not been analyzed in the inpatient setting. Objective: To compare the initial PetCO2 during CPR for inpatients with cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) from VF versus asphyxia. Methods: This study was performed in two urban, academic inpatient facilities. Patients were enrolled from July 2006-May 2013. A comprehensive database of all inpatient resuscitative events is maintained at these institutions, including demographic, clinical, and outcomes data. Arrests are stratified by primary etiology of arrest using a priori criteria. Patients with CPA from asphyxia versus VF and in whom PetCO2 data were available were included in the analysis. Patients in whom capnography was placed after ROSC or more than ten minutes following initiation of CPR were excluded. Patients with VF versus asphyxia were compared with regard to initial PetCO2 values. In addition, initial PetCO2 values for asphyxial arrest victims with and without ROSC were compared. Results: A total of 63 patients with pre-ROSC capnography data were identified; 16 of these had asphyxial arrest and 3 had VF. Initial PetCO2 values were higher in asphyxial arrest victims (25.4 mmHg versus 9 mmHg, p=0.005). In addition, patients with ROSC had higher initial PetCO2 values among all patients (p=0.011) and in the subgroup with asphyxial arrest (30 mmHg versus 15 mmHg). Conclusions: Initial PetCO2 values are higher in inpatients with asphyxial versus VF etiology of arrest. This is consistent with published data on initial etCO2 during OHCA. In addition, initial PetCO2 values are higher in patients with eventual ROSC. This analysis is limited by relatively small sample sizes.
ABC of asthma. General management.
Authors: J Rees
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Inaeoaing use of bronOdilcbr with less effect-s a sign of detehiormting control I.The speed ofonset ofacute attacks varies.Some severe episodes come on over minutes with no warning, although more often there is a background of deterioration over days or weeks.This period of deteriorating control of asthma tends to be longer in older patients.If the patient has to use his usual bronchodilator more often than usual but with less effect this is an early indication of trouble.All asthmatic patients should be aware of what to do if they fail to get relief from their usual treatment.The most common symptom is breathlessness-more often difficulty in inspiration than in expiration.Some patients have a poor appreciation ofthe changes in the degree of their airflow obstruction and may have few symptoms with moderately severe asthma.They are at particular risk during acute attacks.Ifa patient cannot move from a chair without difficulty it is certainly time to consider admission to hospital.In more severe asthma eating and drinking and even talking may be troublesome.A knowledge of the pattern of previous attacks is helpful as the progress is often similar in subsequent episodes.Patients must be taught to seek help early rather than late in an acute exacerbation, since it is easier to step in and prevent deterioration into severe asthma rather than treat a full blown attack.Patients and their families should be confident about the management ofexacerbations, both their immediate treatment and hospital admission.* Respiratory rate > 30/ min * Pulse rote > 110 /min * Pulsus paradoxus * Absence a wheezing * Peak flow < 100 1/min
Long-Term Effects on Clinical Outcomes of Aggressive Lowering of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Low-Dose Anticoagulation in the Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Trial
Authors: Genell L. Knatterud, Yves Rosenberg, Lucien Campeau, Nancy L. Geller, Donald B. Hunninghake, Sandra A. Forman, James S. Forrester, Fredarick L. Gobel, J. Alan Herd, Ann Hickey, Byron J. Hoogwerf, Michael L. Terrin, Carl White
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Trial, designed to compare the effects of 2 lipid-lowering regimens and low-dose anticoagulation versus placebo on progression of atherosclerosis in saphenous vein grafts of patients who had had CABG surgery, demonstrated that aggressive lowering of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels to &lt;100 mg/dL compared with a moderate reduction to 132 to 136 mg/dL decreased the progression of atherosclerosis in grafts. Low-dose anticoagulation did not significantly affect progression. Methods and Results —Approximately 3 years after the last trial visit, Clinical Center Coordinators contacted each patient by telephone to ascertain the occurrence of cardiovascular events and procedures. The National Death Index was used to ascertain vital status for patients who could not be contacted. Vital status was established for all but 3 of 1351 patients. Information on nonfatal events was available for 95% of surviving patients. A 30% reduction in revascularization procedures and 24% reduction in a composite clinical end point were observed in patients assigned to aggressive strategy compared with patients assigned to moderate strategy during 7.5 years of follow-up, P =0. 0006 and 0.001, respectively. Reductions of 35% in deaths and 31% in deaths or myocardial infarctions with low-dose anticoagulation compared with placebo were also observed, P =0.008 and 0.003, respectively. Conclusions —The long-term clinical benefit observed during extended follow-up in patients assigned to the aggressive strategy is consistent with the angiographic findings of delayed atherosclerosis progression in grafts observed during the trial. The apparent long-term benefit of low-dose warfarin remains unexplained.
Predictive value of SS-B precipitating antibodies in Sjoogren's syndrome.
Authors: D A Isenberg, L Hammond, C Fisher, M Griffiths, J Stewart, G F Bottazzo
Journal: BMJ (1982)

As part of a screening programme several patients were identified with antibodies to the nuclear antigen SS-B. Fifteen were examined and 11 found to have Sjögren9s syndrome, though this had not been suspected by most of the referring physicians. In contrast, among a group of 17 patients with overt Sjögren9s syndrome, most of whom also had rheumatoid arthritis, only one had antibodies to SS-B. Patients presenting with polyarthralgia found to be SS-B positive may be likely to develop Sjögren9s syndrome but unlikely to develop rheumatoid arthritis. The detection of SS-B antibodies may antedate clinical evidence of Sjögren9s syndrome by months or even years. These results emphasise the clinical heterogeneity of Sjögren9s syndrome.