tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3267: Human population based engineered breast tumor model for in vivo biomarker discovery
Authors: Min Wu, Kimberly Clark, Nanhua Deng, Zuhua Cai, Megan E. Serpa, Tong Zi, Xiaojian Sun, Richard Nicoletti, Kathryn Sun, Bing Feng, Jie Lin, Joerg Heyer, M Isabel Chiu, Murray O. Robinson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Human breast cancer development is a complex pathobiological process driven by genetic changes in normal epithelial cells which lead to uncontrollable growth in a permissive microenvironment. Therefore, it is not surprising that tumors from different patients exhibit variable responses to standard of care therapy with unfortunately only a small percentage of patients benefitting from therapy. It has therefore become a priority in oncology and personalized medicine to match patients to drugs that will result in a favorable treatment outcome. In this report, we describe a population based approach for response prediction featuring naturally occurring variation in tumors derived from genetically defined human-in-mouse models of cancer. De novo human breast tumors were generated by genetically engineering normal primary human breast epithelial cells with HER2 and SV40 early region (HER2/SV40er) or KRAS and SV40 early region (KRAS/SV40er) in an in vivo Human_In_Mouse (HIM) tissue transgenic model. The HER2/SV40er and the KRAS/SV40er HIM tumors develop as human breast adenocarcinoma that are histologically similar to those observed in patients. Also similar to that observed in human tumors, microarray profiling demonstrated significant inter-tumor variation among the established tumors. Moreover, the KRAS/SV40er tumors could be clustered with basal type breast cancers from patients, a poor prognosis human breast cancer subtype. Both HER2/SV40er and KRAS/SV40er tumors exhibited variable responses to treatments with the potent selective triple VEGFR inhibitor, tivozanib. Further characterization of those tumors, both pre- and post- treatment, identified potential biomarkers for tumor response to tivozanib. This population-based approach enables us to identify and validate biomarkers of therapeutic response in an in vivo human tumor model. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3267.
Hospital Administration as a Career
Authors: E. M. Bluestone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THE doctor's prescription has been one of the most important characteristics of the medical profession throughout the ages. It is as much the symbol of the medical profession as the mortar and pestle of the profession of pharmacy. Men doubtless prescribed in the dark before they elaborated the wherewithal to diagnose. The earlier the prescription, the greater appears to have been the element of chance with which our professional ancestors approached their patients. It is still the rod and the staff that comfort the patient, if not the practitioner. Even the placebo carries a world of meaning. Nothing justifies a . . .
Cells with Characteristics of Cancer Stem/Progenitor Cells Express the CD133 Antigen in Human Endometrial Tumors
Authors: Sergio Rutella, Giuseppina Bonanno, Annabella Procoli, Andrea Mariotti, Maria Corallo, Maria Grazia Prisco, Adriana Eramo, Chiara Napoletano, Daniela Gallo, Alessandro Perillo, Marianna Nuti, Luca Pierelli, Ugo Testa, Giovanni Scambia, Gabriella Ferrandina
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Cancer stem cells represent an attractive therapeutic target for tumor eradication. The present study aimed to determine whether CD133 expression may identify cells with characteristics of cancer stem/progenitor cells in human endometrial tumors.We analyzed 113 tumor samples for CD133/1 expression by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR. CD133(+) cells were isolated and used to assess phenotypic characteristics, self-renewal capacity, ability to maintain CD133 expression and form sphere-like structures in long-term cultures, sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, gene expression profile, and ability to initiate tumors in NOD/SCID mice.Primary tumor samples exhibited a variable degree of immunoreactivity for CD133/1, ranging from 1.3% to 62.6%, but stained negatively for other endothelial and stem cell-associated markers. Isolated CD133(+) cells expanded up to 4.6-fold in serum-replenished cultures and coexpressed the GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr MUC-1 glycoform, a well-characterized tumor-associated antigen. Dissociated bulk tumors formed sphere-like structures; cells grown as tumor spheres maintained CD133 expression and could be propagated for up to 12 weeks. CD133(+) cells purified from endometrioid adenocarcinomas were resistant to cisplatin-induced and paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity and expressed a peculiar gene signature consisting of high levels of matrix metalloproteases, interleukin-8, CD44, and CXCR4. When serially transplanted into NOD/SCID mice, CD133(+) cells were capable of initiating tumor formation and recapitulating the phenotype of the original tumor.CD133 is expressed by human endometrial cancers and might represent a valuable tool to identify cells with cancer stem cell characteristics.
Transforming growth factor—beta 1 (TGF-β1) and TGF-β1 receptors in normal, cirrhotic, and neoplastic human livers
Authors: Pierre Bedossa, Eric Peltier, Benoit Terris, Dominique Franco, Thierry Poynard
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Transforming growth factor-Beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is an important mediator of control of liver cell proliferation and replication. The aim of the current study was to compare TGF-beta 1 gene expression, protein synthesis, and cell membrane receptors in normal liver, cirrhotic nodules, and neoplastic human livers. Five surgical resections for metastasis in an otherwise normal liver and 25 resections for hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis were included in this study. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and TGF-beta 1 protein were detected on serial tissue sections of normal, cirrhotic, and tumoral livers using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. TGF-beta 1 type II receptors were detected on tissue sections using immunohistochemistry. In normal livers, TGF-beta 1 mRNA and protein were not significantly expressed. In cirrhotic nodules, a few sinusoidal cells and mesenchymal cells of fibrous septa displayed TGF-beta 1 mRNA. By immunohistochemistry, protein was detected in the extracellular matrix along the fibrous septa. Hepatocytes from normal and cirrhotic livers did not express TGF-beta 1. In contrast, the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in neoplastic nodules showed intense staining for TGF-beta 1 mRNA and protein. Although TGF-beta 1 receptor II was expressed on the plasma membrane of normal liver cells, tumoral hepatocytes no longer displayed membrane labeling but rather diffuse intracytoplasmic staining with perinuclear accumulation. This study suggests that the escape of tumoral hepatocytes from control of cell proliferation by TGF-beta 1, despite its overexpression by these cells, might be related to a defect in TGF-beta 1 receptor II processing on the liver cell membrane.
Role of infant feeding practices in development of Crohn's disease in childhood.
Authors: S. Koletzko, P. Sherman, M. Corey, A. Griffiths, C. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Mean (SEM) areas under glucose and insulin curves after mixed meals containing bread made zwith fine and coarse wLholemeal flour in healthv patients wtith ileostomies and non-insulin dependent diabetics Arca undcr glucose curve (mmoUl.min)Arca under insulin curvc (mU/l.min)
EVALUATION OF ARTHRITIC CASES TREATED BY VITAMIN D
Authors: LEWIS CLARK WAGNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 July 1943EVALUATION OF ARTHRITIC CASES TREATED BY VITAMIN DLEWIS CLARK WAGNER, M.D.LEWIS CLARK WAGNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-1-126 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWhen the research work on chronic arthritis was begun at the Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled with vitamin D therapy, it was considered best to have an impartial orthopedic surgeon evaluate the results of the cases under treatment. He was to have nothing to do with the general care and treatment of the patients, but examined each patient on his first visit to the clinic and reëxamined him at the end of one year.These patients were examined very thoroughly, the examinations involving all the locomotive systems of the body. In general, each examination included the appearance of the patient... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVitamin D, disease and therapeutic opportunitiesAetiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritisRHEUMATISM AND ARTHRITIS REVIEW OF AMERICAN AND ENGLISH LITERATURE OF RECENT YEARS (Ninth Rheumatism Review)* Part IIPHILIP S. HENCH, M.D., F.A.C.P., WALTER BAUER, M.D., F.A.C.P., EDWARD W. BOLAND, M.D., F.A.C.P., DARRELL C. CRAIN, M.D., F.A.C.P., RICHARD H. FREYBERG, M.D., F.A.C.P., WALLACE GRAHAM, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C), W. PAUL HOLBROOK, M.D., F.A.C.P., L. MAXWELL LOCKIE, M.D., F.A.C.P., CURRIER MCEWEN, M.D., F.A.C.P., EDWARD F. ROSENBERG, M.D., F.A.C.P., ROBERT M. STECHER, M.D., F.A.C.P.TOXICITY OF LARGE DOSES OF VITAMIN D (ERTRON)*LEROY HYDE, M.D., BERNARD HYDE, M.D.Advances in the Study and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis as Reported in 1942 and Part of 1943 1 July 1943Volume 19, Issue 1Page: 126-131KeywordsArthritisOrthopedicsPatientsSurgeonsVitamin D ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Psychosomatic Aspects of Liver Transplantation
Authors: Owen S. Surman, Jules L. Dienstag, Benedict Cosimi, Susan Chauncey, Paul S. Russell
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

Forty patients received orthotopic liver transplants at Massachusetts General Hospital between May 21, 1983 and July 21, 1987 (mean follow-up: 64 weeks, range: 2-186 weeks). Twenty-seven patients (68%) were living as of July 21. Among survivors, 15 (56%) returned to full activity; and 7 (26%) were partially rehabilitated. Five patients were rehospitalized or recently transplanted. Successful outcome occurred most often among those who came to transplant early in the course of illness. All adults experienced preoperative anxiety and 17 (50%) of adults had some degree of hepatic encephalopathy. Following operation, 8 adults (24%) were referred for treatment of depressive disorder typically associated with deterioration of hepatic status, infectious complication or recurrence of cancer. Medical noncompliance required psychiatric intervention in 3 cases. Other psychiatric events an increasingly successful intervention of major scope and affords meaningful survival to many patients whose liver disease allow less than a year of life. Psychiatric consultation is an essential support to the transplant program.
Obesity in Adulthood — The Importance of Childhood and Parental Obesity
Authors: Claude Bouchard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Obesity is a common condition with delayed and usually late-onset consequences. Since the prevalence of obesity is high and still growing, it is important to understand who is at risk for becoming obese and for what reasons, so that preventive measures can be implemented. This is particularly important in the light of the dramatic increase in the prevalence of excess body mass in relation to height in children and adolescents during the past 30 years.1 Unfortunately, it is still not possible to determine which children will be obese as adults, which will be affected by the conditions commonly associated with . . .
The Economic Impact of AIDS
Authors: Peter S. Arno
Journal: JAMA (1987)

What will be the cost of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and who is going to foot the bill? The study by Andrulis et al<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journalbrings us closer to answering these questions. Andrulis and colleagues report important cost information from the largest national survey sample of patients with AIDS conducted to date, including data on nearly 30% of all patients alive during 1985. The economic impact of AIDS is just beginning to be felt at the national level. Estimates from this study calculate the hospital bill for treating patients with AIDS in 1985 at $380 million. By 1991, economists project costs of $8.5 billion for personal medical care and many more times that amount in the loss to society as thousands of persons die in the prime of their lives.<sup>2</sup>The loss in human life is staggering. By 1991, AIDS will be
Risk in Sickle-Cell Trait
Authors: BERNHARD A. KATS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 August 1973Risk in Sickle-Cell TraitBERNHARD A. KATS, M.D.BERNHARD A. KATS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-2-289_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Hemoglobin S disease in its different heterozygous expressions, including Hb SA, Hb SC, and Hb S beta-thalassemia patterns, is of special interest because it carries the alleged risk of in-flight incapacitation. These hemoglobinopathies are considered as disqualifying for flight personnel, both by armed forces and by airlines. Responsibility for crew, passengers, and costly equipment justifies that decision, but it reflects more confidence than scientific data can provide. The validity of data collected so far, usually haphazardly, has been challenged (1). It is necessary to examine in depth each case of in-flight incapacitation associated with heterozygous hemoglobin S...References1. KONOTEY-AHULU F: Sickle-cell trait and altitude. Br Med J 1:177-178, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. JONESBINDERDONOWHO SRE: Sudden death in sickle-cell trait. N Engl J Med 282:323-325, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. : The S-Hemoglobinopathies: An Evaluation of Their Status in the Armed Forces. February 1973 Google Scholar4. ADDAE R: Personal communication. The 19th International Congress of Aerospace Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel, 24-29 October 1971 Google Scholar5. O'BRIENPEARSONGODLEY RHJ: Splenic infarct and sickle-(cell) trait. N Engl J Med 287:720, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. KATS B: Indomethacin in familial mediterranean fever. Lancet 2:1202, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. KATS B: Estrogen in periodic fever. Arch Intern Med. In press Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEPIDEMIOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENTINSTANT PSYCHIATRYSEARCH FOR A " SICKLING INDEX " 1 August 1973Volume 79, Issue 2Page: 289-290KeywordsArmed forcesBeta-thalassemiaHemoglobinHemoglobinopathies Issue Published: 1 August 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Hospital That Ate Chicago
Authors: George Ross Fisher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Once upon a time, there was a hospital accountant in Philadelphia named Stephen Girard O'Toole. His father had been one of the poor white orphan boys educated at Girard College — hence the son's name. As is so commonly the case with such young men, Stephen grew up deeply impressed by the power of tax-free compound interest, particularly when harnessed by a shrewdly written last will and testament. Young Stephen was drawn to hospital work when he discovered that his initials (S.G.O.T.) were scientifically important.For several years before our story begins, Mr. O'Toole had used his particular combination of . . .
THOUGHTS SUGGESTED BY A STUDY OF THE EYE INJURIES OF INDEPENDENCE DAY.CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS BEFORE THE SECTION ON OPHTHALMOLOGY, AT THE FIFTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, AT ATLANTIC CITY, JUNE 7-10, 1904.
Authors: ROBERT L. RANDOLPH
Journal: JAMA (1904)

In these days of progressive municipal hygiene, when laws are being constantly enacted to protect us from the results of ignorance which is so often criminal, I have thought it a suitable moment to call the attention of ophthalmologists to a condition which savors strongly of defective legislation, a condition which is peculiar to our country.<sup>1</sup> It is not the first time by any means that the subject has been brought to public notice, for the medical journals throughout the land, and especiallyThe Journalof this Association, to say nothing of the newspapers generally, have long since presented facts and figures which should convince us that the Fourth of July is a day of mourning to a large number of those who participate in its celebration and an unmitigated nuisance to thousands of others who come more or less indirectly within the zone of its activities. Generally speaking, those who are faithful in observing this occasion will sooner or later be made to appreciate with some degree of force the truth of this
Dual Blockade of EGFR and c-Met Abrogates Redundant Signaling and Proliferation in Head and Neck Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Hai Xu, Laura P. Stabile, Christopher T. Gubish, William E. Gooding, Jennifer R. Grandis, Jill M. Siegfried
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is usually fatal, and innovative approaches targeting growth pathways are necessary to effectively treat this disease. Both the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met pathways are overexpressed in HNSCC and initiate similar downstream signaling pathways. c-Met may act in consort with EGFR and/or be activated as a compensatory pathway in the presence of EGFR blockade.Expression levels of EGFR and c-Met were determined by Western analysis in HNSCC cell lines and correlated with antitumor responses to inhibitors of these pathways.Combining the c-Met inhibitor PF2341066 with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib abrogated HNSCC cell proliferation, invasion, and wound healing significantly more than inhibition of each pathway alone in HNSCC cell lines. When both HGF and the EGFR ligand, TGF-α, were present in vitro, P-AKT and P-MAPK expression were maximally inhibited by targeting both EGFR and c-Met pathways, suggesting that c-Met or EGFR can compensate when phosphorylation of the other receptor is inhibited. We also showed that TGF-α can induce phosphorylation of c-Met over sixfold by 8 hours in the absence of HGF, supporting a ligand-independent mechanism. Combined targeting of c-Met and EGFR resulted in an enhanced inhibition of tumor volumes accompanied by a decreased number of proliferating cells and increased apoptosis compared with single agent treatment in vivo.Together, these results suggest that dual blockade of c-Met and EGFR may be a promising clinical therapeutic strategy for treating HNSCC.
Fatal Air Embolism Following Endoscopy of a Hepatic Portoenterostomy
Authors: P. V. Desmond, R. A. MacMahon
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

The case reported is that of a 10-year-old girl born with congenital biliary atresia who had undergone a Kasai procedure in the first year of life. She presented with ascending cholangitis, and investigations revealed a stricture of her portoenterostomy with an intrahepatic stone above the stricture. At laparotomy there were numerous adhesions and dilated varices, so the descending loop of the Kasai was exteriorized to enable a subsequent percutaneous endoscopic manipulation of the stone. During manipulation of the stricture via a pediatric endoscope in the jejunal loop the patient collapsed and died. Post mortem revealed a massive air embolism and varices of the jejunal loop.
The cognitive and behavioral sciences: Real patterns, real unity, real causes, but no supervenience
Authors: Don Ross, David Spurrett
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Our response amplifies our case for scientific realism and the unity of science and clarifies our commitments to scientific unity, nonreductionism, behaviorism, and our rejection of talk of “emergence.” We acknowledge support from commentators for our view of physics and, responding to pressure and suggestions from commentators, deny the generality supervenience and explain what this involves. We close by reflecting on the relationship between philosophy and science.
Human Genetics Environment and Communities of Color
Authors: L Claudio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

T he Hudson River pours out from Lake Tear of the Clouds, in New York's high peaks of the Adirondack Mountains.The river travels 315 miles through mountains and cliffs, farmlands and industrial parks, towns and cities.Throughout its course, the Hudson feeds fertile lands and thirsty cities.Its beauty inspired the first school of painting in the nation, its waters teem with fishand its contamination distinguishes it as the longest Superfund site in the United States.Superfund sites are those identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as most seriously contaminated with hazardous waste.
Hypochlorous acid-activated carbon: an oxidizing agent capable of producing hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls.
Authors: E A Voudrias, R A Larson, V L Snoeyink, A S Chen, P L Stapleton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Granular activated carbon (GAC), in the presence of dilute aqueous hypochlorite solutions typical of those used in water treatment, was converted to a reagent capable of carrying out free-radical coupling reactions and other oxidations of dilute aqueous solutions of phenols. The products included biphenyls with chlorine and hydroxyl substitution (hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls). For example, 2,4-dichlorophenol, a common constituent of wastewaters and also natural waters treated with hypochlorite, was converted to 3,5,5'trichloro-2,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and several related compounds in significant amounts. It is possible that these products pose more of a health hazard than either the starting phenols or the unhydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl derivatives.
Cerebellar ataxia in systemic lupus erythematosus: three case reports.
Authors: R R Singh, K Prasad, A Kumar, A Misra, K Padmakumar, A N Malaviya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

Three patients presented with cerebellar ataxia among 350 cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) seen over the last 14 years. Cerebellar signs were unilateral in one and bilateral in the other two patients. Other neurological findings were present in all three patients. One initially presented with only cerebellar ataxia; other features of SLE appeared a few years later. Lupus anticoagulant test was positive in one patient. Corticosteroids given in the early stages appeared to benefit these patients by ameliorating cerebellar dysfunction.
Electrolyte Excretion and Hypotensive Response
Authors: Norma Fallis
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In a study of 5 hypertensive patients (under strict metabolic conditions) it was observed that when sodium intake was moderately restricted (50 mEq/day about 3 gm. of sodium chloride) and dietary potassium was near average (50 mEq/day), 50 mg. of hydrochlorothiazide daily produced a satisfactory decline in blood pressure without causing problems of electrolyte imbalance. When dietary sodium was increased to 100 mEq/day, it was necessary to increase hydrochlorothiazide to 100 mg/day to maintain a comparable satisfactory antihypertensive response, but this dosage produced a deficiency of potassium which was offset by increasing dietary potassium to 100 mEq/ day. Thus, the desirable program for treatment of uncomplicated hypertension appears to be low doses of hydrochlorothiazide, moderate salt restriction, and a potassium-enriched diet.