tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Internet's challenge to health care provision
Authors: E. Coiera
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Obesity and insulin resistance influences metabolic processes, but whether it affects macrophage metabolism is not known. In this study, we demonstrate that chronic exposure of macrophages to insulin either in culture or in vivo in diet-induced, glucose-intolerant mice rendered them resistant to insulin signals marked by failure to induce Akt2 phosphorylation. Similarly, macrophages lacking Akt2 or IGF1 receptor were also resistant to insulin signals. Insulin-resistant macrophages had increased basal mTORC1 activity, possessed an M2-like phenotype, and reduced LPS responses. Moreover, they exhibited increased glycolysis and increased expression of key glycolytic enzymes. Inhibition of mTORC1 reversed the M2-like phenotype and suppressed glycolysis in insulin-resistant macrophages. In the context of polymicrobial sepsis, mice harboring insulin-resistant macrophages exhibited reduced sepsis-induced lung injury. Thus, macrophages obtain resistance to insulin characterized by increased glycolysis and a unique M2-like phenotype, termed M-insulin resistant, which accounts for obesity-related changes in macrophage responses and a state of trained immunity.
Gravity-Aided Meckel??s Scan
Authors: RACHEL POWSNER, HENRY ROYAL, J ANTHONY PARKER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Increased uptake in the right lower quadrant was noted in a Tc-99m pertechnetate study of a 21-year-old man experiencing recent painless gastrointestinal bleeding. A postvoid view was not helpful in differentiating ureteral retention vs bladder diverticulum from Meckel's diverticulum. An image was obtained in the decubitus position, which separated the focus of activity from the bladder. The patient, an athletic man with an interest in yoga, offered to do a three-point head stand. This further separated the focus of activity from the bladder.
Nationwide Cohort Study of Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With Celiac Disease
Authors: Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Stefan James, Johan Askling, Ulf Stenestrand, Erik Ingelsson
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Studies on ischemic heart disease (IHD) incidence in individuals with celiac disease (CD) are contradictory and do not take small intestinal pathology into account. Methods and Results— In this Swedish population-based cohort study, we examined the risk of IHD in patients with CD based on small intestinal histopathology. We defined IHD as death or incident disease in myocardial infarction or angina pectoris in Swedish national registers. In 2006 to 2008, we collected duodenal/jejunal biopsy data on CD (equal to villous atrophy; Marsh 3; n=28 190 unique individuals) and inflammation without villous atrophy (Marsh 1 to 2; n=12 598) from all 28 pathology departments in Sweden. A third cohort consisted of 3658 individuals with normal mucosa but positive CD serology (Marsh 0, latent CD). We found an increased risk of incident IHD in patients undergoing small intestinal biopsy that was independent of small intestinal histopathology (CD: hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 1.28; 991 events; inflammation: HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.39; 809 events; and latent CD: HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.50; 62 events). Celiac disease (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.40) and inflammation (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.52) were both associated with death resulting from IHD, whereas latent CD was not (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.34 to 1.50). Conclusions— Individuals with CD or small intestinal inflammation are at increased risk of incident IHD. We were unable to show a positive association between latent CD and incident IHD.
Harms of PSA screening outweigh benefits for most men, says American College of Physicians
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Men aged 50 to 69 years should have prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests only after discussing with their physicians the “limited potential benefits and substantial harms of screening for prostate cancer,” say new guidelines published on 9 April by the American College of Physicians.

“Only men between the ages of 50 and 69 who express a clear preference for screening should have the PSA test,” said David Bronson, president of the college.

“For most of these men, the harms will outweigh the benefits,” he added.

Men who have an average risk for prostate cancer, who are younger than 50 years, men older than 69 years, …
New National Campaign to Help Stop Tobacco Sales to Children
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In vitro drug-resistance profile in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relation to age, MLL rearrangements and immunophenotype
Authors: N L Ramakers-van Woerden, H B Beverloo, A J P Veerman, B M Camitta, A H Loonen, E R van Wering, R M Slater, J Harbott, M L den Boer, W D Ludwig, O A Haas, G E Janka-Schaub, R Pieters
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Abstract 2007: The NF-kB pathway is constitutively active in endometrial cancer.
Authors: Anne M. Noonan, Yovanni Casablanca, George L. Maxwell, Christina M. Annunziata
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The NF-κB Pathway is Constitutively Active in Endometrial Cancer Metastatic endometrial cancer (EC) is a disease for which therapeutic options are limited and prognosis is poor. Although 75% of endometrial cancers are diagnosed at an early stage and cured by surgery, 15-20% develop metastases and die from their disease. Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) occurs in less than 10% of patients, but has a worse clinical outcome. Prior studies suggest that NF-kB signaling may play a role in UPSC. We therefore proceeded with a detailed investigation of the NF-κB pathway in EC. Methods: A set of 11 endometrial cancer cell lines, representing endometrioid EC and UPSC, were tested for sensitivity to a specific inhibitor of IKKβ after 3 days of drug treatment using XTT assay. Western blot was used to assess changes in NF-κB proteins after treatment of sensitive UPSC cell lines ARK-1 and ACI-126 with IKKβ inhibitor over a time series ranging from 15 min to 24h. RNA was extracted from ARK-1 and ACI-126 cell lines after 48h treatment with IKK-2 inhibitor IV or DMSO control, and after transfection of the same cell lines with IκBα super-repressor or empty vector control. RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix U133 Plus2.0 microarray platform for gene expression profiling and the data was analyzed using mAdb. Gene and protein expression was examined in patient samples to verify biologic relevance. Results: Six of 11 cell lines were sensitive to IKKβ inhibitor with IC50s ranging between 4 and 10uM. The highest sensitivity occurred in two UPSC cell lines ARK-1 and ACI-126. Following pharmacologic IKKβ inhibition, nuclear levels of NF-κB p65 decreased by 3h and began to increase again from 6h to 24h. Cytoplasmic NF-κB p65 increased from 15 min to 3h and then began to fall. Gene expression profiling after IKKβ inhibition, either by drug treatment or by mutant IkBa super-repressor, revealed an overlapping gene signature in the two UPSC cell lines. The genes were co-expressed across the gene expression profiles of patients with EC, and were significantly highest in African American women with UPSC. Conclusions: There is aberrant signaling through the NF-κB pathway in a subset of EC. An IKKβ target gene signature shows that this pathway is most relevant in African American women with UPSC. Therefore, targeting NF-kB may provide a novel treatment strategy for this underserved population with a rare variant of EC. Citation Format: Anne M. Noonan, Yovanni Casablanca, George L. Maxwell, Christina M. Annunziata. The NF-kB pathway is constitutively active in endometrial cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2007. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2007
Kidney Function During and After Withdrawal of Long-Term Irbesartan Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria
Authors: Thomas Kaiser, Christiane Florack, Peter T. Sawicki
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

We read with great interest the article by Andersen, Brochner-Mortensen, and Parving (1) about the effects of long-term treatment with irbesartan on kidney function in a subgroup of the Irbesartan in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria Study (IRMA)-2 trial (2). In this population, the authors did not find a significant difference between …
A Study of Miners' Nystagmus
Authors: R. S. Brock
Journal: BMJ (1938)

This paper is based upon a study of nystagmus in fifteen pits of North Wales over a period of ten years.The nature of the eye movements is examined and the various theories as to their cause are discussed.The importance o_.-psychological factors is considered and suggestions are ocfi1ered, first, as to the prevention of disability, and, s&ondly, regarding a more secure basis upon which 4i,ability may be assessed.
Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and IgE – a significant but nonlinear relationship
Authors: E. Hyppönen, D. J. Berry, M. Wjst, C. Power
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Hormonal vitamin D system affects the determination of T-cell responses. It is unknown if there is an association between vitamin D status and allergic conditions. Our aim was to investigate differences in serum IgE concentrations by vitamin D status [measured by 25(OH)D] and by a genetic variation in a key vitamin D activation enzyme (CYP27B1) previously shown to be associated with type 1 diabetes.9377 participants in the 1958 British birth cohort completed a biomedical assessment at 45 years of age ; 7288 eligible participants had data on 25(OH)D and IgE, with 6429 having further information on CYP27B1 genotype ()1260C>A).There was a nonlinear association between 25(OH)D and IgE (P-value for curvature = 0.0001). Compared with the reference group with the lowest IgE concentrations [25(OH)D 100-125 nmol/l], IgE concentrations were 29% higher (95% CI 9-48%) for participants with the 25(OH)D <25 nmol/l, and 56% higher (95% CI 17-95%) for participants with 25(OH)D >135 nmol/l (adjusted for sex, month, smoking, alcohol consumption, time spent outside, geographical location, social class, PC/TV time, physical activity, body mass index and waist circumference). CYP27B1 genotype was associated with both 25(OH)D (difference for A vs. C allele: 1.88%, 95% CI 0.37-3.4%, P = 0.01) and IgE concentrations ()6.59%, )11.6% to )1.42%, P = 0.01).These data suggest that there may be a threshold effect with both low and high 25(OH)D levels associated with elevated IgE concentrations. The same CYP27B1 allele that is protective of diabetes was associated with increased IgE concentrations.
Mutations in a novel gene, NPHP3, cause adolescent nephronophthisis, tapeto-retinal degeneration and hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Heike Olbrich, Manfred Fliegauf, Julia Hoefele, Andreas Kispert, Edgar Otto, Andreas Volz, Matthias T Wolf, Gürsel Sasmaz, Ute Trauer, Richard Reinhardt, Ralf Sudbrak, Corinne Antignac, Norbert Gretz, Gerd Walz, Bernhard Schermer, Thomas Benzing, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Heymut Omran
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Gene-expression profiling and array-based CGH classify CD4+CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm and cutaneous myelomonocytic leukemia as distinct disease entities
Authors: Remco Dijkman, Remco van Doorn, Károly Szuhai, Rein Willemze, Maarten H. Vermeer, Cornelis P. Tensen
Journal: Blood (2006)
CLINICALLY-BASED PATIENT RISK SCORES AND THE &amp;lsquo;TARGET LESION REVASCULARIZATION PARADOX&amp;rsquo; IN PATIENTS WITH MULTI-VESSEL CAD UNDERGOING PCI
Authors: Atul M. Limaye, Jason Kovacic, Roshan Patel, Sweta Chandela, Biana Trost, Samantha Sartori, Roxana Mehran, Michael Kim, Prakash Krishnan, Usman Baber, Robert Pyo, Joseph Sweeny, Pedro Moreno, George Dangas, Annapoorna Kini, Samin Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A new development in UVB phototherapy of psoriasis
Authors: H. WEELDEN, H. BAART DE LA FAILLE, E. YOUNG, J.C. LEUN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

We have compared the therapeutic effectiveness of a new UVB fluorescent sunlamp, the Philips TL-01 lamp, which emits a narrow peak around 311–312 nm, with the currently used Philips TL-I2 lamp, in 10 patients with psoriasis. We also compared the tumour inducing capacity of the two lamps in hairless mice. The therapeutic effect of the TL-01 lamp was superior to that of the TL-I2 lamp in nine of the 10 patients. In the mice, the median tumour induction time was significantly longer in animals exposed to the TL-01 lamp. Phototherapy with the new type of lamp requires a higher dose than phototherapy with the usual broadband UVB sources. In practice this means that more lamps are needed in the light cabinet. However, the new lamps appear to provide more effective and safer phototherapy for psoriasis.
Altered Morphology and Increased Acid Hydrolase Content of Alveolar Macrophages from Cigarette Smokers.
Authors: R. Russell Martin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Altered Morphology and Increased Acid Hydrolase Content of Alveolar Macrophages from Cigarette Smokers.R. Russell Martin, M.D.R. Russell Martin, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-840_5 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe morphology and lysosomal enzyme content of human pulmonary alveolar macrophages from nonsmokers and from cigarette smokers were investigated. Alveolar macrophages were obtained by bronchopulmonary saline lavage from 24 healthy male volunteers, ranging in age from 18 to 46 years. The subjects included 13 nonsmokers and 11 smokers, with cigarette exposure ranging from 0.75 to 44 pack-years. A greater percentage of macrophages from smokers than from nonsmokers contained numerous discrete, autofluorescent cytoplasmic granules. Some individual macrophages from nonsmokers, however, were also filled with fluorescent material. Multinucleated giant cells were seen in washings from four smokers but were not lavaged from... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: R. Russell Martin, M.D.Affiliations: Indianapolis, Ind. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 840-840KeywordsEnzymesGiant cellsMacrophages ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Arterial wall thickness measurements by B mode ultrasonography in patients with Takayasu's arteritis.
Authors: R O Raninen, M M Kupari, M S Pamilo, R I Pajari, V P Poutanen, P E Hekali
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and potential diagnostic usefulness of arterial ultrasonography in Takayasu9s arteritis. METHODS: The total wall, intimal + medial, and adventitial thickness of the common carotid, subclavian and common femoral arteries, and of the abdominal aorta, were examined by B mode ultrasonography in 16 patients with Takayasu9s arteritis and 16 healthy control subjects. RESULTS: The mean total wall and intimal + medial thickness of all arteries other than the common femoral were significantly increased in Takayasu9s arteritis. Long segments of homogeneous circumferential wall thickening in multiple vessels were characteristic. When the common carotid and subclavian arteries and the abdominal aorta were examined, each individual with Takayasu9s arteritis had at least one artery with total wall thickness exceeding the reference range in controls. CONCLUSIONS: B mode ultrasonography is able to expose the widespread arterial wall thickening characteristic of Takayasu9s arteritis and may provide a useful tool for the detection and follow up of this disease.
British Association of Dermatologists Seventy-First Annual Meeting, 1991, London
Authors: HARVEY BAKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article British Association of Dermatologists Seventy‐First Annual Meeting, 1991, London Get access HARVEY BAKER HARVEY BAKER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 125, Issue s38, 1 July 1991, Pages 5–12, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb05470.x Published: 01 July 1991
Symptom resolution assessed using a patient directed diary card during treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
Authors: I S Woolhouse
Journal: Thorax (2001)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis are common and the presenting symptoms vary, although it is not clear how this should influence management. From a health care perspective, an understanding of the speed of symptom resolution is of importance to determine the success of treatment or when a change is indicated because of treatment failure. <h3>METHODS</h3> The response of 63 patients treated at home for exacerbations of chronic bronchitis was assessed using a patient directed diary card incorporating sputum characteristics and symptoms. Treatment was given according to the nature of the sputum at presentation; patients with purulent sputum received an antibiotic for 5 or 10 days (randomised, double blind) whereas patients with mucoid sputum received high dose inhaled steroid or placebo for 14 days (randomised, double blind). <h3>RESULTS</h3> The mean (SE) total diary card score at presentation was significantly higher in the purulent group than in the mucoid group (19.7 (0.9)<i>v</i> 16.3 (0.9); mean difference –3.4 (95% CI –6.1 to –0.7), p&lt;0.05). In the purulent group sputum colour and volume improved rapidly and in both groups the mean (SE) total diary card score had improved by the fifth day of treatment to 13.0 (0.7) in the purulent group (mean difference –6.6 (95% CI –8.8 to –4.4), p&lt;0.001) and 14.6 (0.8) in the mucoid group (mean difference –1.7 (95% CI –4.0 to 0.8), p&lt;0.05), which was no longer significantly different from the stable state. Diary card scores did not differ significantly between patients who received antibiotics for 5 or 10 days in the purulent group or between patients who received inhaled fluticasone or placebo in the mucoid group. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Exacerbations of chronic bronchitis associated with purulent sputum have significantly worse symptoms at presentation than those with mucoid sputum. In both groups these symptoms resolve rapidly so that by the fifth day of treatment they are no different from the stable state. No significant effect was found on symptom resolution of antibiotic duration (5 <i>v</i> 10 days) in the purulent group or of inhaled fluticasone in the mucoid group, which resolved without antibiotics. Larger numbers may be required to demonstrate a statistically (if not clinically) significant difference.
Noninteraction of Digitoxin and Quinidine
Authors: Hermann R. Ochs, Joachim Pabst, David J. Greenblatt, Hans J. Dengler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

A LARGE and clinically important interaction between digoxin and quinidine is now well documented.1 2 3 4 5 The cardiac glycoside digitoxin is extensively used in clinical practice, but its interaction with quinidine has not been definitively evaluated.6 , 7 In this study, which assessed the pharmacokinetic interaction of digitoxin with quinidine, we found that simultaneous administration of quinidine had no statistically significant effect on the distribution or clearance of intravenously administered digitoxin.MethodsTen healthy male and female volunteers participated after giving informed consent (Table 1). Their ages ranged from 23 to 32 years. None had evidence of medical disease, and none were taking medications . . .
Area of skin disease can be used to indicate amount of treatment needed
Authors: C C. Long, A. Y Finlay
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The management of severe hyponatraemia remains controversial,4 5 especially the use of hypertonic saline as advocated in one of the other previous reports.'Modern intensive care principles advocate very slow correction of hyponatraemia with a low water input (even if the patient is dehydrated), so I agree with this and other reports' that it is unrestricted intake of oral or intravenous water that is inappropriate.
Global changes in the nuclear positioning of genes and intra- and interdomain genomic interactions that orchestrate B cell fate
Authors: Yin C Lin, Christopher Benner, Robert Mansson, Sven Heinz, Kazuko Miyazaki, Masaki Miyazaki, Vivek Chandra, Claudia Bossen, Christopher K Glass, Cornelis Murre
Journal: Nature Immunology (2012)
Markers for proliferation and keratinization in the margin of the active psoriatic lesion
Authors: S. MARE, E. JONG, P.E.J. ERP, P.C.M. KERKHOF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

To study the development of the psoriatic lesion, biopsies were taken from the margin of spreading plaques and acute pinpoint papules. Consecutive sections across the margin were stained using different monoclonal antibodies to characterize epidermal growth (Ki-67) and abnormal keratinization (Ks8.12, RKSE60). All three immunohistochemical markers showed pronounced changes in the lesional skin with a clear transition to the uninvolved skin. The suprabasal Ks8.12 binding was the earliest change found in the epidermis, and its localization high in the suprabasal compartment indicates that metabolic dysregulation in this cell population was not a consequence of the recruitment process in the basal layer.
IUD-related hospitalizations. United States and Puerto Rico, 1973
Authors: H. S. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In a mail survey of physicians likely to be involved with intrauterine contraception in the United States and Puerto Rico, 49.2% of the physicians responded, describing 3,502 unduplicated reports of hospitalizations related to the use of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) during the first six months of 1973. We estimate from this response that approximately 7,900 IUD-related hospitalizations occurred during that period. Interviews with a probability sample of nonrespondents demonstrated that their IUD complication experience was not substantially different from that reported through the mail survey. Estimates of the number of IUDs worn in 1973 permit rate calculations of three to ten IUD-related hospitalizations per 1,000 woman-years of IUD use. The rate of hospitalizations attributable to the IUD is probably higher that that attributable to combination oral contraceptives.