tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IgG-blocking antibodies inhibit IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in vivo through both antigen interception and Fc RIIb cross-linking
Authors: R. T. Strait
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Although it has long been hypothesized that allergen immunotherapy inhibits allergy, in part, by inducing production of IgG Abs that intercept allergens before they can cross-link mast cell Fc epsilonRI-associated IgE, this blocking Ab hypothesis has never been tested in vivo. In addition, evidence that IgG-allergen interactions can induce anaphylaxis by activating macrophages through Fc gammaRIII suggested that IgG Ab might not be able to inhibit IgE-mediated anaphylaxis without inducing anaphylaxis through this alternative pathway. We have studied active and passive immunization models in mice to approach these issues and to determine whether any inhibition of anaphylaxis observed was a direct effect of allergen neutralization by IgG Ab or an indirect effect of cross-linking of Fc epsilonRI to the inhibitory IgG receptor Fc gammaRIIb. We demonstrate that IgG Ab produced during the course of an immune response or administered passively can completely suppress IgE-mediated anaphylaxis; that these IgG blocking Abs inhibit IgE-mediated anaphylaxis without inducing Fc gammaRIII-mediated anaphylaxis only when IgG Ab concentration is high and challenge allergen dose is low; that allergen epitope density correlates inversely with the allergen dose required to induce both IgE- and Fc gammaRIII-mediated anaphylaxis; and that both allergen interception and Fc gammaRIIb-dependent inhibition contribute to in vivo blocking Ab activity.
Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygenation on Coronary Artery Occlusion in Pigs
Authors: Robert H. Peter, Ronald W. Rau, Robert E. Whalen, Mark L. Entman, Henry D. McIntosh
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

To evaluate more precisely the possible protective effect of hyperbaric oxygenation in experimental myocardial infarction, gradual occlusion of a coronary artery was produced in the pig. Ameroid constrictors designed to produce complete occlusion within 48 hours were placed on the left anterior descending coronary artery of 24 young farm pigs. Of these, 12 were placed in a hyperbaric chamber at 1.25 atmospheres absolute and allowed to breathe 100% oxygen for a maximum of 32 hours. For control studies 12 other pigs were handled in a similar manner outside the chamber while breathing air at normal atmospheric pressure. Pigs treated with hyperbaric oxygenation outlived the untreated pigs. Pathological and histochemical studies of the hearts revealed that pigs treated with hyperbaric oxygenation had a high incidence of myocardial infarction, whereas only two pigs in the untreated group showed any evidence of myocardial damage. These findings suggest that moderate but prolonged hyperbaric oxygenation may lengthen life during and after coronary occlusion. This prolongation of life may permit the development of pathologically detectable myocardial infarctions.
Dr. Macleod on the Statistics of Rheumatism
Authors: R. Macleod
Journal: BMJ (1842)

STATISTICS OF RHEUMATISM.adults, where the skin was thin, vascular, or irritable, upon the full expansion of the areolte, the vesicles spread out broad and flat, and, yielding to the dis- tending influence of their diluted contents, burst and telminated in sloughs, more or less deep, followed by a corresponding extent of ulceration; but where the skin was pale and thick, and especially if the patients were also pale and dark in complexion-conditions in every respect most suitable for the use of new lymph -then the vesicles were more compact, restricted, bold, and better defined, with proportionately less areola, and often not distinguishable at any period of and deep slowly healing ulcerations.In the infants, fine and healthy, with thick compact skins, the usual fretfulness and feverishness appeared on the evening of the sixth or seventh day, remitting in the morning and increasing in the evening, in proportion as the areolse advanced, and declining with them.As usual, nothing remarkable before the eighth day in the ap- pearance of the vesicles: in one of the vesicles burst and sloughed; in the other they remained entire, were fine and satisfactory, leaving characteristic crusts, and moderately deep finely reticulated cicatrices.In the subsequent trasfers of the lymph the effects varied according to circumstances.In infants, with tense thick skins, the vesicles, though active, Were perfectly from inconvenience, yielding fine " tamarind stoe" emst and reguar scars.On children atid their course from those induced by ordinary lymph.Here the crtuts were of the ordinary size and form, and the cicatrices of the common depth and extent.The con.titutional symptoms varied not less.In many isfa.the primary were scarcely notieod;-*he Secondary, proportioned to the texture and vascularity of the parts, the local inflammation, and the tempw.as usual, both were more frequently and more early noticed: the primary, on the sixth or seventh day; the secondary, at an early period, were marked with vomiting, diar.rhoa, much fever, and occasional delirium.In adults the same early indications of constitutional symptoms, though not always, were often evinced; and during the secondary, as usual, much general complaint was made, some few keeping their beds a day or two.But the primary and secondary constitutional symptoms were comparatively mild in many individuals of the three classes above mentioned.At the expiration of three months several patients were tested with variola, by inoculation, with no other than a trifling fugitive inflammation at the point of insertion, or a small vesicle resembling the modified vaccine in form, size, and course, containing a limpid adhesive lymph, raised on an indurated base, and ter-
Treating Suicidelike Behavior in a Preschooler
Authors: Ruth P. Zager
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This book records the case of Alexi, a very emotionally disturbed boy, seen from age three years and four months as a patient at the clinic where the author is a child psychiatrist. Alexi attends a preschool program where he has often behaved disruptively and aggressively and had withdrawn episodes. Trad, understandably quite concerned by Alexi's self-destructive fantasies and behavior, worries about Alexi's safety should he become more preoccupied with his destructive fantasies. Moreover, Alexi comes from a chaotic, unstable, disrupted, abusive environment, peopled with insensitive, psychologically immature, aggressive and depriving relatives. Recognizing that Alexi's parents were probably deprived, not very well—nurtured individuals during their own childhoods, Trad clearly assesses their difficulties and inabilities to parent adequately. Showing that events affecting Alexi and his family are probably multifaceted, and that Alexi's behavior is obviously multi-determined, Trad wisely elects not only to work with Alexi, but also to involve his parents
Endothelium-dependent responses in autogenous femoral veins grafted into the arterial circulation of the dog.
Authors: V M Miller, M M Reigel, L H Hollier, P M Vanhoutte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Endothelium-dependent responses differ in arteries and veins of the dog. Experiments were performed to determine whether chronic grafting of veins into the arterial circulation would alter the endothelium-dependent responses of the veins. Segments of femoral veins were grafted to the femoral artery of the dog. 6 wk after surgery the venous grafts were removed from the dog, cut into rings, and suspended in organ chambers for isometric tension recording. In some rings the endothelial cells were removed. Acetylcholine and alpha 2-adrenergic agonists did not cause endothelium-dependent relaxations in venous grafts. The calcium ionophore (A23187) initiated such relaxations which were not mediated by prostanoids. Endothelium-dependent relaxations were also observed in venous grafts to ADP, thrombin, and arachidonic acid. In segments of graft where myo-intimal hyperplasia was prominent, relaxations to ADP, thrombin, and A23187 were blunted and in some segments contractions were observed. These results demonstrate the ability of the endothelium of venous grafts to initiate changes in tone of the smooth muscle.
Endocrinology and Metabolism
Authors: Mark E. Molitch
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This new text book is an ambitious project that successfully competes with the other standard textbooks in the field. The first of eight parts consists of several general, introductory chapters. Much of this material is duplicated in later sections, but the chapter on hormone action is quite good and up to date, with 1980 references. Part 2, "Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary," is concise and complete. Unfortunately, the chapter "Neuroendocrine Physiology," on a fast-moving area, contains few references after 1977. In part 3, "Diseases of the Thyroid," the emphasis is on physiology and pathophysiology, and some clinical aspects of disease are dealt with quickly (such as periodic paralysis) or not at all (eg, the controversy regarding radioiodine therapy in patients with active exophthalamos). "Diseases of the Adrenals" make up part 4, and this area is well covered. Part 5, "Gonadal Diseases," is the weakest section. One wishes for more detail on many
SAFE INTENSIVE-CARE MANAGEMENT OF A SEVERE CASE OF LASSA FEVER WITH SIMPLE BARRIER NURSING TECHNIQUES
Authors: S.P. Fisher-Hoch, R.B. Craven, D.N. Forthall, S.M. Scott, M.E. Price, F.M. Price, D.R. Sasso, J.B. Mccormick
Journal: The Lancet (1985)
Dual Tc-99m Sestamibi and Gallium-67 SPECT Localize a Myocardial Abscess Around a Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve
Authors: Reda Salem, Luc Boucher, Louis Laflamme
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 44-year-old man with a history of bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement 5 years ago presented with 3 weeks of fever. Blood cultures were negative. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography did not show any evidence of infective endocarditis. Ga-67 SPECT showed intense uptake at the basal portion of the interventricular septum suggesting a periaortic valve abscess. Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart did not show any evidence of abscess. Three weeks later, the surgical findings correlated with the results of the nuclear scan. The Ga-67 scan is a powerful noninvasive tool for the diagnosis of prosthetic valve abscess.
Reform of Child Immunization Service Delivery in Israel
Authors: Gary L. Freed
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Overall immunization rates for 2-year-old children in Israel have consistently been higher than 90%,<sup>1</sup>a particularly impressive figure given the country's absorption of millions of immigrants from diverse cultural backgrounds. Historically, Israel has maintained strong government control of immunization delivery. However, despite the success of this system, the country is now moving to limit direct government involvement in this area. Conversely, the uncoordinated mix of public and private sector activity in the United States has yielded low 2-year-old immunization rates, prompting the Clinton administration to call for greater government control of immunization delivery.<sup>2</sup>Examining the impetus for, and consequences of, changes in the Israeli system as it moves away from strict government control may provide insight into the implications of health care reform efforts in the United States and other countries. <h3>Current System of Immunization Delivery in Israel</h3> In Israel, children's preventive services and curative care are provided
The Incidence of Arrhythmias in Acute Myocardial Infarction Studied with a Constant Monitoring System
Authors: GEORGE S. KURLAND, DAVID PRESSMAN
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Sixteen patients with acute myocardial infarction were studied with continuous cardiac monitoring for 1 to 3 weeks. Patients were excluded from the study if arrhythmias were present on admission or if arrhythmias might have occurred as a result of treatment. The results indicate that cardiac arrhythmias occur with a much higher frequency (94 per cent) than previously reported. They may occur many days after the infarction. They occur in asymptomatic patients and may go undetected by conventional observation. Continuous cardiac monitoring has immediate practicality in the management of these patients, and might, if used as a guide to therapy, [see table in the PDF file] reduce the mortality from acute myocardial infarction.
First, standardise the assay
Authors: A.-M. R. Howell, A. Parnham, O. Karim, R. Kavia
Journal: BMJ (2010)

With an increasingly mobile UK population, patients may be treated at more than one centre during their illness. Homogeneity in laboratory prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests is needed to prevent “overdiagnosis” and “overtreatment.”1 

At the low end of the analytical range, age specific PSA values may trigger further assessment …
Oligoclonal T cell receptor gene rearrangements in blood lymphocytes of patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis.
Authors: J G Strickler, L A Movahed, K J Gajl-Peczalska, C A Horwitz, R D Brunning, L M Weiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Gene rearrangement studies were performed on blood lymphocytes from eight patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis. The diagnosis in each case was based on characteristic clinical, hematologic, and serologic findings. The blood lymphocytes in each patient consisted predominantly of CD8+ T cells. EBV DNA was detected in seven patients by Southern blot analysis (EBV Bam HI W probe, Bam HI). A germline configuration was found for the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes (JH probe, Bam HI and Eco RI; C kappa probe, Bam HI; and C lambda probe, Eco RI). T cell receptor gene rearrangements were detected with J gamma and J beta 1 + 2 probes. Using a J gamma probe with two different restriction enzymes (Bgl II and Eco RI), the blood from each patient showed several bands corresponding to the polyclonal pattern previously described in the blood of normal individuals. Using J beta 1 + 2 probes with two different restriction enzymes (Bgl II and Bam HI), each case showed from 3 to about 12 extragermline bands of varying intensity and in different locations from case to case. In addition, each case showed relative deletion of the J beta 1 germline band. This oligoclonal pattern of T cell receptor gene rearrangements has not been previously reported in benign or malignant T cell populations.
Abstract 1941: Development of novel NSAID conjugated molecules for lung cancer therapy
Authors: Daniel C. Chan, Lajos Gera, Zhiyong Zhang, Di Zheng, Robert Hodges, John Stewart, Paul Bunn
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Many promising chemopreventive Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) such as Flurbiprofen have acquired anti-cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) effects with anti-cancer activities. Recently several phosphorylated-NSAID compounds were shown to improve the therapeutic potency over the parental NSAID molecules (JPET 111.183533, 2011) by 10 to 30 folds. Previously, we also reported several novel and potent molecules by the incorporation of NSAIDs such as aspirin, indomethancin, ketorolac, ketoprofen, and sulindac into the aclyting N-terminal of our lead mimetic molecules B317 (F5C-OC2Y-Atmp) (AACR 45: 476, 2004). Here we report a new series of highly potent molecules by replacing the N-terminal F5C with a flurbiprofen (Fbp). The resultant molecules effectively inhibit many cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo, with efficacy much better than the unmodified parental NSAID molecules or those phosphorylated NSAID analogs. Methods: Standard MTT assays were used to access growth inhibitory effects of the parental and NSAID conjugated molecules. Effects of drugs on cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in subcutaneous lung xenografts in athymic nude mice. Results: 32 lung cancer cell lines including 24 NSCLC and 8 SCLC cell lines were treated with various concentrations of some selected conjugated drugs for 4 days. The best compound had an average IC 50 value of 0.5 uM, with a range of 0.1 to 2 uM, while parental Flurbiprofen had IC50 value of 500 uM, with a range of 200 uM to 800uM. Cell cycle analysis showed that exposure of lung cancer cells to these new conjugates resulted in a significant shift of cells from S and G2 phases into G1 arrest, resulting in high percentage of apoptotic cell deaths in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Finally, our in vivo efficacy studies demonstrated that new NSAID conjugates at 5 mg/kg by daily ip injections significantly suppressed growth of subcutaneous xenografts of human lung adenocarcinoma in athymic nude mice without causing weight loss. Conclusion: Our new NSAID conjugate is a novel class of therapeutic agent with anti-growth effects against lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, with a 1000 fold increase in potency than the parental Flurbiprofen. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1941. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1941
Side effects of adjuvant tamoxifen.
Authors: R E Leake
Journal: BMJ (1991)

RiskfactorsforacquiringHIVinfection among 75 women Risk factors No Injecting drug misuse 24 Blood transfusions in Africa 2 Sexual partner an intravenous drug misuser 5 Sexual partner bisexual 2 Sexual partner or partners abroad 40 Under investigation 2arrived in the United Kingdom; three (one Australian and two British) had been sexually assaulted abroad; and the remaining three (two British and one Dutch) had had partners abroad - one from central Africa, one from the United States, and one from Holland.Thirty nine of the 40 women first attended these hospitals after the beginning of 1989, and 35 had acquired the infection during heterosexual contact in Africa.This study supports the contention that most female patients infected with HIV during heterosexual contact who attend departments of genitourinary medicine were infected in Africa and imported the infection into the United Kingdom.Further efforts to identify and help such patients must use this knowledge.
Abstract 5697: Echocardiographic Detected Hibernating Myocardium Can Predict Arrhythmic Events in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ken Matsuoka, Masami Nishino, Daisuke Nakamura, Takahiro Yoshimura, Yasuharu Ri, Shinpei Nakatani, Masahiko Hara, Akihito Hashimoto, Kiyoshi Yamagami, Hiroyasu Kato, Masayuki Taniike, Yasuyuki Egami, Ryu Shutta, Hitoshi Yamaguchi, Kenjiro Tanaka, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Backgrounds: In medically treated patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, myocardial viability is associated with a worse prognosis than scar. Hibernating myocardium (chronic regional dysfunction with reduced resting flow) assessed with nuclear imaging is a major risk factor for cardiac death when left ventricular function is depressed. End-diastolic wall thickness (EDWT) is an important and easy marker of myocardial viability in patients with suspected hibernation, as well as Tl-201 scintigraphy. Thus, in this study, we assessed whether hibernating myocardium evaluated by echocardiography could identify patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy who are at high risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) and mortality. Methods: Patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy who showed low-grade cardiac function (ejection fraction (EF) &lt; or =50%) and had no plans for coronary revascularization were enrolled. All patients underwent coronary angiography and echocardiography. Hibernating myocardium was defined as the area with major epicardial artery stenosis &gt; or =75%, wall motion abnormality, and EDWT &gt;6mm. The onset of SCD or mortality was determined by outpatient or telephone follow-up. Results: The study patients consisted of 60 consecutive patients (47 men, EF: 35 ± 8%, follow-up duration: 38 ± 16 months). Results were shown in a figure . Hibernating myocardium significantly increased the risk of SCD and mortality. Conclusion: Hibernating myocardium evaluated by echocardiography can predict SCD and mortality in medically treated patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Figure Kalpan-Meler Estimates of the Time to SCD or Mortality
CURRENT CAUSES OF FIXED DRUG ERUPTIONS
Authors: J. A. SAVIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article CURRENT CAUSES OF FIXED DRUG ERUPTIONS Get access J. A. SAVIN J. A. SAVIN Department of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, S.E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 5, 1 November 1970, Pages 546–549, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15739.x Published: 01 November 1970 Article history Accepted: 30 June 1970 Published: 01 November 1970
Doctors and scientists call for tripling in spending on mental health research
Authors: A. McGauran
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Scientists and campaigners have outlined why they are backing a declaration that calls for a large increase in mental health research.

The declaration, part of the Research Mental Health initiative, a new collaboration between the Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, and the Mental Health Foundation, has already been signed by dozens of leading scientists and public figures. They say that with proper research the breakthroughs necessary for new treatments will be made in the next 20 years.

Research Mental Health says that the economic, social, and human cost of mental illness totals £100bn (€110bn; $160bn) a year in the United Kingdom. It says that a tripling in mental health research investment is needed, from about …
The hunting of the hippocampal function
Authors: Wim E. Crusio
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Eichenbaum et al.'s (1994a) theory suffers from a lack of ecological validation. It is not at all clear why the hypothesized faculties would have evolved and what their adaptive value would be. I argue that hippocampal function can only be understood if the animal is seen in its natural context.