tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An experimental model for congestive heart failure after encephalomyocarditis virus myocarditis in mice.
Authors: A Matsumori, C Kawai
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Severe myocarditis was induced in inbred BALB/c mice inoculated with the M variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus. The mortality rate was maximal on the fourth day, then decreased gradually, but increased again between the eleventh and fourteenth days. Gross myocardial lesions were seen on the surface of the ventricles in 62 of 125 mice (49.6%) after the fifth day. These myocardial lesions were observed more frequently in the dead mice (46 of 49, 93.9%). Cavity dimensions and wall thickness were measured in two groups of mice with myocarditis. On days 5-7, the cavity dimensions of the right (RV) and left (LV) ventricles in inoculated mice (0.92 +/- 0.51 mm and 1.21 +/- 0.18 mm, respectively) were significantly larger than those in controls (RV 0.54 +/- 0.17, LV 1.01 +/- 0.15; p less than 0.05). The wall thickness of the RV (0.46 +/- 0.09, controls 0.64 +/- 0.11; p less than 0.001) and the LV (0.97 +/- 0.13, controls 1.12 +/- 0.19; p less than 0.05) was significantly decreased. On days 8-14, dilatation of the LV was more pronounced (1.48 +/- 0.37, p less than 0.005) than during days 5-7, and the interventricular septum was also thinner. Pleural effusion, ascites and congestion of the lungs and liver were noted, and death seemed due to congestive heart failure. This study is the first documentation of congestive heart failure after viral infection is an experimental animal.
ABC of Sports Medicine: Benefits of exercise in health and disease
Authors: P H Fentem
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The claim that individual participation in adequate amounts of regular physical activity Recommendations of the Royal College of Physicians can improve health and prevent disease is fully justified.The scientific evidence is based on * There is now good evidence of many physical and psychological many studies-epidemiological, clinical, and benefits available to the population from regular exercise which should physiological.A working party of the Royal be recognised by all those involved in health care College of Physicians, convened in 1989, * The habit of taking regular recreational exercise is best started in childhood and should be continued into middle age and where possible examied this evidence, recognsed itS into old age because exercise helps to make the most of diminishing importance, and based a series of physical capacity recommendations on it.* Doctors should ask about exercise when they see patients,Coronary heart disease and stroke are particularly when they come for routine health checks, and should be identified as key priorities in the white paper, aware of and advise on suitable exercise programmes Health of the Nation.In these two conditions * The value of exercise for patients with a wide range of disorders individual risk is dramatically reduced by a should be considered and advice given on the type and extent of change in lifestyle and an increase in physical activity to be undertaken activity tobe undertaken ~~~~activity.Other important benefits must not be * Doctors should be aware of the relevant risks that exercise may pose avity.oThe imtantenefit mut for individual patients.When exercise is of suitable intensity for the overlooked.The list iS extensive but falls ito individual, is taken regularly and with sensible precautions, the benefits four categories: enhancing function, greatly outweigh any risks maintaining reserve capacities, preventing disease, and ameliorating the effects of age and chronic disease.The task of achieving appropriate changes in lifestyle and of successfully promoting physical activity is formidable.Primary health -_care teams have been given an important role in implementing health promotion strategies.Better Living-Better Life, prepared by the Joint Working Group on Health Promotion and sent to all general practices
Reduced venous endothelial responsiveness after oral lipid overload in healthy volunteers
Authors: Luis Ulisses Signori, Antônio Marcos Vargas da Silva, Rodrigo Della Méa Plentz, Bruno Geloneze, Heitor Moreno, Adriane Belló-Klein, Maria Cláudia Irigoyen, Beatriz D'Agord Schaan
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Common variable immunodeficiency as the initial presentation of dyskeratosis congenita
Authors: Eric J. Allenspach, Cristian Bellodi, David Jeong, Noam Kopmar, Tomoka Nakamura, Hans D. Ochs, Davide Ruggero, Suzanne Skoda-Smith, Akiko Shimamura, Troy R. Torgerson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Abstract C23: MicroRNA-106b targets caspase-7 and is associated with recurrence in human prostate cancer
Authors: Robert S. Hudson, Tiffany H. Dorsey, Ming Yi, Dominic Esposito, Robert M. Stephens, Carlo M. Croce, Stefan Ambs
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Previously, we found several microRNA (miR) of the polycistronic miR-106b-25 cluster to be elevated in prostate cancer. This cluster is a homolog to the prototypical oncomiR-1 (miR-17-92) and is thought to act as a super-oncogene when co-amplified with its host gene minichromosome complex maintenance component 7 (MCM7). In this study we validated our previous findings in an independent prostate cancer dataset and further found that miR-106b is elevated in metastatic tissues and associated with disease recurrence. Genome-wide analysis of miR-106b-25 correlated transcripts revealed enrichment of focal adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction genes. Further, we found miR-106b target enrichment in transcripts that were protective against recurrence, suggesting that miR-106b targets collectively have a functionally protective role in the recurrence of prostate cancer. In cell based assays, overexpression of miR-106b increased proliferation, adhesion-free survival, soft agar survival, and adhesion to ECM components (laminin, and collagen type I and IV). In addition, microarray analysis showed that miR-106b down-regulated transcripts were enriched for miR-106b targets sites and cell death pathways genes. When we compared genes that were related to recurrence, altered by miR-106b, and predicted to have miR-106b 3′UTR target sites we identified CASP7, a central executioner of apoptosis. Corroborating these findings we found that the expression of CASP7 was consistently reduced in primary human prostate tumors and metastatic lesions across multiple prostate cancer datasets, and is by itself a candidate predictor of disease recurrence. Western blot analysis in RWPE-1, 22Rv1, and LNCaP prostate cells showed that miR-106b was capable of reducing CASP7 protein levels. Direct targeting of the CASP7 3′UTR by miR-106b was confirmed using wild-type and mutant 3′UTR luciferase reporter assays. This research reveals a novel oncogenic role for the miR-106b-25 cluster in prostate cancer and, for the first time, indentifies CASP7 as a direct target of miR-106b. Future work is aimed at understanding the role of miR-106b-dependent regulation of CASP7 and the possible utility of targeting miR-106b as novel therapy for prostate cancer. Citation Format: Robert S. Hudson, Tiffany H. Dorsey, Ming Yi, Dominic Esposito, Robert M. Stephens, Carlo M. Croce, Stefan Ambs. MicroRNA-106b targets caspase-7 and is associated with recurrence in human prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr C23.
An Introduction to the US Health Care System
Authors: Bruce Stuart
Journal: JAMA (1983)

An eminent authority on health systems both here and abroad, Milton Roemer presents in this volume one of those rare phenomena—an "introduction" that is true to its name. As such, the book stands in marked contrast to other introductory health services texts that tend to swamp the reader in detail but leave him adrift as to basic structure and purpose. Roemer maintains that any health care provision system, our own included, is best understood according to its performance on eight dimensions: (1) basic ideology and structure, (2) economic support, (3) manpower, (4) facilities, (5) ambulatory services, (6) preventive services, (7) regulatory strategies, and (8) administration and planning. In his first chapter (which accounts for a full third of the book), Roemer previews each of these dimensions and their interrelationships with just enough statistical data and other factual material on American health services to give the reader a solid appreciation for
Education Effort Emphasizes Blood Supply, Use
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1987)

A NATIONAL PROFESSIONAL education program is under way in an effort to ensure an adequate blood supply and its appropriate use.  The program is sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. The inaugural meeting was held in Washington, DC, and, besides the major blood banking organizations (including the American Red Cross, American Association of Blood Banks, and Council of Community Blood Centers), those represented included the American College of Surgeons, American Hospital Association, American Public Health Association, and American Medical Association.  The group approaches its task at a crucial time. In the decade between 1971 and 1980, there was a 40% increase in the amount of blood collected. But in the same period there was a 100% increase in the number of units transfused.  This was accomplished through increased use of blood components. For example, in 1971 67% of
The Burden of Acute Heart Failure on U.S. Emergency Departments
Authors: Alan B. Storrow, Cathy A. Jenkins, Wesley H. Self, Pauline T. Alexander, Tyler W. Barrett, Jin H. Han, Candace D. McNaughton, Benjamin S. Heavrin, Mihai Gheorghiade, Sean P. Collins
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2014)

The goal of this study was to examine 2006 to 2010 emergency department (ED) admission rates, hospital procedures, lengths of stay, and costs for acute heart failure (AHF).
Charles Mitchell MacQuibban Murray
Authors: C E B Murray
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former senior orthopaedic surgeon Portsmouth (b Aberdeen 1908; q Aberdeen 1931; TD, FRCS Ed), d 26 August 2002.


During the second world war Charles served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in India and Ceylon. At 35 he was appointed colonel, responsible for a 1000 bed hospital. After the war, he worked as an orthopaedic consultant for the Portsmouth Group of Hospitals, becoming the senior orthopod in 



1958. Charles was at the forefront of hip replacement operations for arthritic conditions in the 1950s. He always had an ambition to work in Africa and in 1971 after retirement from the NHS he became professor of orthopaedics at Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria. He later did locums in Zimbabwe and Australia. He leaves a wife, Ruth; and two children.
Validity assessment and determination of the cutoff value for the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need among 12–13 year-olds in Southern Chinese
Authors: Zheng-Yu Liao, Fan Jian, Hu Long, Yun Lu, Yan Wang, Zhi Yang, Yu-Wei He, Peter Wamalwa, Jing Wang, Nian-Song Ye, Sheng Wang, Wen-Li Lai
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2012)

To validate the use of the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) in assessing orthodontic treatment need among 12–13 year-olds in southern China, we determined the threshold value of ICON based on Chinese orthodontists' judgments. The samples consisted of 335 students in grade 7 from 16 randomly selected middle schools in Chengdu, China. Three associate professors provided ICON scores for each participant and the results were compared with the gold standard judgments from 25 experts on treatment needs. Based on the gold standard, 195 casts belonged to the treatment category, while the rest 140 belonged to the no-treatment category. With the international cutoff point of 43, the sensitivity and specificity of the ICON score were 0.29 and 0.98. The best compromise between sensitivity and specificity in Chengdu, compared with the gold standard, was found at a cutoff point of 29, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.88 and 0.83. When used to evaluate the treatment need of 12–13 year-olds in southern China, the international ICON cutoff value did not correspond well with Chinese orthodontists' judgments; a lower cutoff value of 29 offered a greater sensitivity and specificity with respect to expert orthodontists' perception of treatment need. Analysis of a popular orthodontics assessment tool shows that southern China requires a lower cutoff point than other regions. Using orthodontic data collected from 12–13-year-old students in southern China, Wen-li Lai and co-workers at Sichuan University, China, validated the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) — a computer program used to calculate the perceived severity of malocclusions (misaligned teeth) on a points scale and suggest a point at which treatment is necessary. The researchers compared the scores generated by ICON for the 335 students with individual scores given by 25 professional Chinese orthodontists. Lai and co-workers found that the current cutoff point of ICON used internationally is too high for this region, so they propose a lower cutoff point that is more in-line with the orthodontists' expert opinions.
The Force Ballistocardiogram as an Index of Severity in Congenital Aortic Stenosis
Authors: L. M. BARGERON
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Evidence is presented that the ultra-low frequency force ballistocardiogram is a sensitive index of severity in children with congenital aortic stenosis. In 300 normal children no abnormal tracing was found. In 46 children with clinical aortic stenosis, the ballistocardiogram was abnormal in all patients with a transvalvular peak systolic pressure gradient of over 35 mm Hg.
Pressure Overload–Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy in Mice Does Not Require gp91 <sup>phox</sup>
Authors: Melanie Maytin, Deborah A. Siwik, Masahiro Ito, Lei Xiao, Douglas B. Sawyer, Ronglih Liao, Wilson S. Colucci
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may mediate pressure overload–induced myocardial hypertrophy. NADPH oxidase may be involved in this process, because its expression and activity are upregulated by pressure overload and because myocardial hypertrophy caused by a subpressor infusion of angiotensin is attenuated in mice deficient in the gp91 phox catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase. Methods and Results— To test the role of NADPH oxidase–dependent ROS in mediating pressure overload–induced myocardial hypertrophy, we subjected transgenic mice lacking gp91 phox to chronic pressure overload caused by constriction of the ascending aorta. Contrary to our hypothesis, neither myocardial hypertrophy nor NADPH-dependent superoxide generation was decreased in gp91 phox -deficient mice after aortic constriction. Aortic constriction caused an exaggerated increase in p22 phox and p47 phox mRNA in gp91 phox -deficient mice. Conclusions— These results indicate that gp91 phox is not necessary for pressure overload–induced hypertrophy in the mouse and suggest the involvement of another source of ROS, possibly an NADPH oxidase that does not require the gp91 phox subunit.
Serum-free culture of wool follicles: effects of nutrients, growth factors and hormones
Authors: E.J. BATES, P.I. HYND, N.M. PENN, M.J. NANCARROW
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

A serum-free culture system allowed the continued growth of fibre from follicles for 8-10 days. Fibre growth was responsive to changes in the level of calcium, glucose and amino acids in the culture medium, and was stimulated by the inclusion of insulin (10 micrograms/mL) in the medium. Culture of follicles in the presence of conditioned media from dermal papilla cells or of mitomycin-treated dermal papilla cells had no effect on fibre growth. Neither thyroid hormones nor hydrocortisone altered fibre growth. The progressive decline in fibre growth during follicle culture was accompanied by morphological changes in the follicle bulb. Oxidative damage did not appear to be the cause of these changes as there was no increase in fibre growth rate or longevity when antioxidants were used. This model provides a useful system to study the direct effects of various hormonal, nutritional and growth factors of fibre growth and follicle metabolism.
REPORT ON INTISTREPTOCOCCUS SERUM
Authors: EMIL NOVAK
Journal: JAMA (1926)

In the thirty or thirty-five years during which the therapeutic use of antistreptococcic serums has been tried and discussed, one might suppose that there had been some crystallization of opinion with regard to their value or lack of value. Certainly they have not achieved anything like general employment. And yet in the advertising matter of commercial houses, statements and reports are printed which might lead one to believe that they are of decided value in the treatment of such conditions as puerperal sepsis, streptococcus septicemia, erysipelas, streptococcus meningitis and pyemia. In the publication of one house, for example, there is included a report of good results under each of the headings mentioned, together with a few others. If the serum is of genuine therapeutic value, it is entitled to far more general employment than it now enjoys. If not, this fact should be established for the benefit of the rank
Effect of Certain Hydroxybenzoic Acids on the Oxygen Consumption of Wistar Rats
Authors: B. W. Meade
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1954)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of depressive symptoms, and determine if baseline risk factors conferred a risk for incident depressive symptoms in nationally representative sample of mid-aged and elderly Chinese adults. <h3>Design</h3> This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort from a nationally representative sample. <h3>Setting</h3> Community samples were recruited from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A four-stage, stratified, cluster probability sampling strategy was used, which included 10 257 households with members aged 45 years or older and their spouse. <h3>Participants</h3> A total of 11 533 participants free of depressive symptoms at baseline were identified, and 10 288 were re-examined in either the first and/or the second follow-up surveys. The current analysis was conducted among the 10 288 participants. <h3>Primary and secondary outcome measures</h3> Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale short form. <h3>Results</h3> The findings showed that the incidence of depressive symptoms in a 4-year follow-up was as high as 22.3%. The incidence was much higher in rural areas (25.7%) and in women (27.9%). Furthermore, participants with 1 hour longer of night-time sleep had a 10% lower risk of developing depressive symptoms. Compared with individuals who perceived their health status as poor, those who perceived their health status as excellent had a 62% lower risk of developing depressive symptoms. In addition, having diabetes (OR=1.19), chronic kidney disease (OR=1.32), chronic digestive disorders (OR=1.15) and arthritis (OR=1.43) at baseline increased the risk of depressive symptoms. However, baseline body mass index was not associated with the subsequent depressive symptoms in this population. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study highlights the importance of developing an appropriate screening test to identify depressive symptoms for those who are vulnerable and ensure these individuals can receive early interventions for depressive symptoms.
Albumin in the nephrotic syndrome
Authors: D W Eadington, W D Plant, R J Winney
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—We challenge Fehmi Akcicek and colleagues' argument against the use of albumin in the nephrotic syndrome on two counts.1 The first concerns the selection of patients. The urinary protein loss, plasma creatinine concentration, and prior drug treatment are not given in their report, but we assume that the patients had not received either corticosteroids or diuretics. The mean excretion of 2.96 litres of water and 275 mmol of sodium after intravenous frusemide, implying weight loss of about …
Intracranial Lesions in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Charles M. Elkin
Journal: JAMA (1985)

AS A result of a marked decrease in cell-mediated immunity, patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are devastated by multiple opportunistic infections and neoplasms. While the etiology remains unproven, the mortality approaches 100%.<sup>1</sup>Most patients present with<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>pneumonia and/or Kaposi's sarcoma. Neurological signs and symptoms occur in 30% to 75% of cases, varying from weakness and paresthesias to progressive dementia, seizures, focal deficits, and hallucinations.<sup>2,3</sup> Pathogens that have been implicated in the involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) include<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>,<sup>4</sup><i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>,<sup>4</sup>papovavirus,<sup>5</sup><i>Candida albicans</i>,<sup>2</sup>cytomegalovirus,<sup>1</sup><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>,<sup>6</sup><i>Aspergillis fumigatus</i>,<sup>3</sup>and possibly<i>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare</i>.<sup>2</sup>Primary CNS lymphoma,<sup>7</sup>secondary involvement of the CNS by systemic lymphoma,<sup>2</sup>plasmacytoma,<sup>2</sup>and Kaposi's sarcoma<sup>8</sup>constitute the usual neoplasms observed in AIDS. Thrombocytopenia in patients with AIDS predisposes them to cerebral hemorrhage, while nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis results
Human immunodeficiency virus infection induces both polyclonal and virus-specific B cell activation.
Authors: A Shirai, M Cosentino, S F Leitman-Klinman, D M Klinman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were obtained from HIV-1-infected patients at different stages of disease. The absolute number of IgM-, IgG-, and IgA-producing lymphocytes per 10(6) PBL was increased 2.8-, 3.4-, and 1.9-fold, respectively, compared with normal controls. 2-17% of IgG-secreting patient cells reacted with the gp160 envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 (a 737-fold increase over background), while 1-9% reacted with p24 (140-fold over background). In addition to this HIV-specific B cell activation, the number of lymphocytes reactive with nonviral antigens such as DNA, myosin, actin, trinitrophenylated keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and ovalbumin was increased by a mean of 17.9-fold. Evidence suggests that the latter changes reflect an HIV-induced polyclonal B cell activation unrelated to the production of anti-HIV antibodies. For example, the proportion of IgG anti-gp160- and anti-p24-secreting lymphocytes declined in patients with advanced disease, whereas the number of B cells producing antibodies to non-HIV antigens rose. Moreover, CD4 cell count and T4/T8 ratio showed a significant inverse correlation with the degree of polyclonal activation but not with anti-HIV responsiveness. These observations demonstrate that both quantitative and qualitative changes in B cell activation accompany (and may be predictive of) disease progression in HIV-infected individuals.
Ichthyosis with unusual hair shaft abnormalities in siblings
Authors: PATRICK YESUDIAN, KRISHNAMURTHY SRINIVAS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by lamellar ichthyosis, an usual structural defect of the scalp hairs and amino aciduria occurred in two siblings in a South Indian family in Madras. In addition the female sibling was physically and mentally retarded. The disorder differs from typical Netherton's syndrome in several ways. The hair abnormality specific for this disorder appears to be splitting of the shaft. The possible mechanism of production of the split hairs is discussed.