tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CELLS INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: Fritz Daguillard, Maxwell Richter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

There exists in the rabbit a population of lymphocytes carrying immunoglobulin-like receptors on their surface. These receptors interact with antigen and with anti-immunoglobulin antibodies and appear to mediate the recognition process leading to the humoral immune response. There exists in the rabbit a second population of lymphocytes capable of reacting with phytohemagglutinin. This population of lymphocytes is different from the one capable of reacting with soluble protein antigens or anti-immunoglobulin antiserum and is probably involved in the mediation of cellular immunity.
Pathology and pathobiology of rheumatic diseases. 2nd ed: H G Fassbender. (Pp503, 80.) Heidelberg: Springer, 2002. ISBN 3 540 62942 4.
Authors: F A Wollheim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

On the origin of rice bodies with apatite crystalsWe read with interest the article of Li-Yu et al on synovial rice bodies containing calcium hydroxyapatite crystals. 1 From their findings the authors assume that the pathogenesis of this "apparently" rare coincidence of fibrin with bone-like apatite crystals remains unexplained.A brief case report may give insight into the development of such a coincidence.A specimen taken at operation from the knee joint of a 55 year old woman with longstanding seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and rapid joint destruction owing to ischaemic bone necroses of the femoral and tibial compartment exhibited macroscopically a synovial membrane entirely covered with villous fibrin. 2 Light microscopy showed villi of older fibrin including a lot of tissue fragments (fig 1A).Sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin showed that these particles consisted of irregular shaped bone sequesters and basophilic granules as well as shreds of hyaline cartilage.In alizarin red stained sections the bone fragments were usually faintly stained (fig 1B).However, a multitude of tiny granules were characterised by a strong stainability with this "calcium dye" (fig 1C). 3 From this observation it can be deduced that bone debris from osteonecrotic areas gained access to the synovial membrane via the synovial fluid.The shreds of bone debris induced a preferentially "fibrinous inflammation", leading to villi with entrapped cartilage and bone fragments of different size as well as tiny bone particles appearing as alizarin red granules.With respect to the development of rice bodies of fibrin with enclosed "apatite crystals" it may be assumed that parts of the villous fibrin with bone particles can become detached from their synovial adherence and "reappear" in the synovial fluid with the formation of rice bodies.The morphological findings described in the case report are an unusual major form of fibrinous debris synovitis due to large bone necroses.However, minor forms of this synovial reaction, originally described by Freund in 1927, 4 are not rare, and histological investigations on synovial membranes from
Tracing the Evolutionary History of Drosophila Regulatory Regions with Models that Identify Transcription Factor Binding Sites
Authors: E. T. Dermitzakis
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

Much of evolutionary change is mediated at the level of gene expression, yet our understanding of regulatory evolution remains unsatisfying. In light of recent data indicating that transcription factor binding sites undergo substantial turnover between species, we attempt to quantify the process of binding site turnover in regulatory regions of well-studied genes controlling embryonic patterning in Drosophila. We examine polymorphism and divergence data in Drosophila melanogaster and four related species from regulatory regions of five early development genes for which functional binding sites have been identified. This analysis reveals that Drosophila regulatory regions exhibit patterns of variation consistent with functional constraint. We develop a novel approach to binding site prediction which we use to characterize the process of binding site divergence in regulatory regions. This method uses sets of known binding sites to construct a model that predicts transcription factor specificity and bootstrap sampling to derive significance levels. This approach allows appropriate significance levels to be determined even in the face of skewed base composition in the background sequence. Using this approach, we show that, although functional elements exhibit conservation of sequence, there is substantial potential to gain new functional elements within the regulatory regions. Our results show that application of models that predict transcription factor binding sites can yield insights into the process and dynamics of binding site evolution within regulatory regions.
Microneedle arrays for the transcutaneous immunization of diphtheria and influenza in BALB/c mice
Authors: Z. Ding, F.J. Verbaan, M. Bivas-Benita, L. Bungener, A. Huckriede, D.J. van den Berg, G. Kersten, J.A. Bouwstra
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Rasch analysis of the Western Ontario MacMaster Questionnaire (WOMAC) in 2205 patients with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibromyalgia
Authors: F. Wolfe, S. X Kong
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> Advances in health measurement have led to the application of Rasch Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis (Rasch analysis) to evaluate instruments measuring health status and quality of life of patients, including the Health Assessment Questionnaire and SF-36. This study investigated the extent to which the Western Ontario MacMaster osteoarthritis questionnaire (WOMAC) satisfies the Rasch model, particularly in respect to unidimensionality, item separation, and linearity. <h3>METHODS</h3> The study included a total of 2205 patients, 1013 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 655 with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip (OA), and 537 with fibromyalgia. All patients completed the WOMAC as part of a longitudinal study of rheumatic disease outcomes. To examine whether the WOMAC pain and function scales each fits the Rasch model, the Winsteps program was used to assess item difficulty, scale unidimensionality, item separation, and linearity. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Although the WOMAC worked best in OA, regardless of disorder, both the pain and function scales were unidimensional, had adequate item separation, and had a long range (25–150) of linearity in the function scale. Several functional items, however, had a high information weight fit (INFIT) statistic, indicating poor fit to the model. These items included "getting in and out of the bath" and "going down stairs." <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> The WOMAC generally satisfies the requirements of Rasch item response theory across all disorders studied, and is an appropriate measure of lower body function in OA, RA and fibromyalgia. Although some individual items do not fit well, it is not likely that removing such items would result in more than overall minimal differences, and it will be difficult to remove traces of multidimensionality while keeping the central constructs of progressive lower body musculoskeletal abnormality intact. In addition, it is possible that a "purer", still more unidimensional instrument would be less useful in clinical trials and epidemiological studies by restricting the range of the scale.
Facteurs de risque de récidive et de décès au cours des hémorragies ulcéreuses traitées par sclérothérapie et coagulation bipolaire
Authors: F Fein, S Koch, A Weber, N Festou, C Bolokokitoko, F Carbonnel
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: La sclérothérapie endoscopique par sérum adrénaliné associée à l'électrocoagulation bipolaire et les inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP) IV à forte dose ont amélioré le pronostic des hémorragies ulcéreuses. Ces thérapeutiques n'ont aboli ni la mortalité ni la récidive hémorragique.
Selling Safety—Lessons From Muraglitazar
Authors: James M. Brophy
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hyperbaric oxygen in carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: L. K Weaver
Journal: BMJ (1999)

There is little dispute that carbon monoxide poisoning is common: in the United States it produces an estimated 40 000 emergency department visits each year,1 and the accompanying editorial outlines the difficulties in diagnosing poisoning caused by this “silent killer.” There is disagreement, however, about how best to treat carbon monoxide poisoning, and in particular about the role of hyperbaric oxygen.

Carbon monoxide is produced endogenously in small amounts and as a byproduct of incomplete combustion. It is colourless, odourless, and undetectable by human senses. It binds to haemoglobin, displacing oxygen; causes a leftward shift of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve; binds to many intracellular proteins; and may interfere with ATP production at the cytochrome level.2 It can also activate neutrophils pathologically, leading to a reperfusion injury manifested by lipid peroxidation.3 Low levels of carbon monoxide produce evidence of oxidative stress.4 Recently, apoptosis in brain tissue has been observed after carbon monoxide poisoning.5

Supplemental oxygen was found helpful in treating carbon monoxide poisoning in 1868,6 and hyperbaric oxygen was first used for clinical poisoning in 1942.7 The theoretical benefits of hyperbaric oxygen include …
Abstract 3241: Analysis of transcription factor activation by the embryonic microenvironment in metastatic breast cancer cells
Authors: Elizabeth Tarasewicz, Misael Aviles, Lonnie D. Shea, Jacqueline S. Jeruss
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: The embryonic microenvironment is an important source of signals that program multipotent cells to adopt a particular fate. Numerous studies have shown that components of the embryonic stem cell microenvironment can induce a reversion of cancer cell phenotype from a more aggressive to less aggressive state through mechanisms that are largely unknown. We have examined the phenotypic transformation associated with the culture of metastatic breast cancer cells in mouse embryonic stem cell conditioned media and have implemented a novel cell array technology to characterize the signaling pathways associated with this transformation. Methods: We used phase contrast microscopy to determine the time course of structure formation in MDA-MB-231 cells cultured in 3D with control or conditioned mouse embryonic stem cell media. Cell proliferation of study cells stably expressing Gaussia Luciferase was quantified by measuring Gluc production over time. Cell migration was measured for treated and untreated cells using a transwell migration assay. A live cell array was implemented to quantify changes in activity of 19 cancer-related transcription factors over a period of 8 days. Results: MDA-MB-231 cells cultured in stem cell conditioned media showed decreased area covered by spindle-like projections over a period of 10 days. Study cells cultured in stem cell conditioned media, but not in control media or mouse embryonic fibroblast conditioned media, had decreased proliferation over time. Cells cultured in stem cell conditioned media had decreased cell migration relative to cells cultured with regular media. Using a cell array to report on TF activity, cells cultured in conditioned stem cell media, when compared to control media, had varied activity in 7 of the 19 constructs investigated, including metastasis-related factors SP1 and GATA1. Conclusion: Our findings support the normalizing influence provided by the stem cell microenvironment through decreased MDA-MB-231 spindle-like projections, cell proliferation, and cell migration. Of the 19 transcription factor reporter constructs tested using the novel live cell array, GATA1 and SP1 emerged as 2 of the transcription factors impacted by the embryonic microenvironment. These factors may reflect potential paracrine signaling pathways stimulated by the microenvironment that can influence transformation and may be targets for therapeutic intervention. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3241. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3241
Meningeal Reaction in Glandular Fever
Authors: J. Shafar, J. C. R. Weir
Journal: BMJ (1943)

During the last six months numerous examples of a clinical syndrome which is characterized by enlargement of the lymphatic glands have been observed among members of the Senior Service.The groups of glands in the posterior triangles of the neck and in the axillae have been typically involved in a discrete, painless, and only slightly, if at all, tender swelling; the axillary masses attained the size of a small tangerine, whereas the glands in the neck remained relatively small, being palpable as numerous shotty lumps.The usual presenting features were headache of a persistent and severe type, stiffness of the back of the neck, and general malaise.Epistaxis was a not infrequent accompaniment.More recently, abdominal symptoms consisting of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain have predominated; the abdominal pain had led to a mistaken diagnosis of subacute appendicitis on several occasions by the medical officer submitting the case, a diagnosis which seemed further supported by the marked tenderness over the right iliac fossa.Distiryguishing signs in such instances were the presence of a mass of enlarged glands in both iliac fossae and tenderness in these areas.The other sets of glands involved in the malady were the mediastinal and inguinal groups.The former did not produce any specific symptoms, but were demonstrable by radiography.
Early autologous stem cell transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: long-term follow-up of the German CLL Study Group CLL3 trial
Authors: Peter Dreger, Hartmut Döhner, Fabienne McClanahan, Raymonde Busch, Matthias Ritgen, Hildegard Greinix, Anna-Maria Fink, Wolfgang Knauf, Michael Stadler, Michael Pfreundschuh, Ulrich Dührsen, Günter Brittinger, Manfred Hensel, Johannes Schetelig, Dirk Winkler, Andreas Bühler, Michael Kneba, Norbert Schmitz, Michael Hallek, Stephan Stilgenbauer
Journal: Blood (2012)
Myocardial stretch alters twitch characteristics and Ca2+ loading of sarcoplasmic reticulum in rat ventricular muscle
Authors: J. Gamble, P. B. Taylor, K. A. Kenno
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Myocardial stretch alters twitch characteristics and Ca2+ loading of sarcoplasmic reticulum in rat ventricular muscle Get access James Gamble, James Gamble Correspondence to Dr Taylor. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Paul Brian Taylor, Paul Brian Taylor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kenji Alan Kenno Kenji Alan Kenno Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 9, September 1992, Pages 865–870, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.9.865 Published: 01 September 1992 Article history Received: 03 June 1991 Accepted: 03 March 1992 Published: 01 September 1992
Visualization of the Extracranial Cerebral Circulation by Cardio-Angiography
Authors: Robert Schramel
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THE DEVELOPMENT of surgical procedures to remove obstructions from major arteries supplying the brain has led to a reappraisal of traditional concepts regarding cerebral vascular disease. Thus, in a significant proportion of patients, symptoms of cerebral ischemia are due to atherosclerosis of arteries proximal to the brain. In the beginning it was hoped that the isolated, segmental lesion of carotid or vertebral arteries would be the major etiologic factor in strokes; however, subsequent experience has indicated that the problem is more complex than this. For instance, roentgenographic studies suggest that segmental lesions often involve more than one artery, that obstruction of extracranial and intracranial vessels may be present simultaneously, and that anomalies of the vertebral arteries are common. It has become evident, therefore, that complete arteriographic study of the cerebral circulation is essential if the distribution, frequency, and significance of obstructive lesions are to be known. Furthermore, the evaluation
The Pill Bottle Desiccant
Authors: Carlos A. Muhletaler
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Two cases of partial upper gastrointestinal obstruction were found to be due to a pill bottle desiccant. In both patients, an organic stricture was present. The cylindrical nonsoluble container of the desiccant had a very characteristic radiological appearance. It is seen as a filling defect, with straight borders and square angles. (<i>JAMA</i>243:1921-1922, 1980)
Health Care Ethics Consultation: Nature, Goals, and Competencies: A Position Paper from the Society for Health and Human Values–Society for Bioethics Consultation Task Force on Standards for Bioethics Consultation
Authors: Mark P. Aulisio, Robert M. Arnold, Stuart J. Youngner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Patients, families, and health care providers have a right to expect that ethics consultants can deal competently with the complex issues that they are asked to address. The Society for Health and Human Values–Society for Bioethics Consultation Task Force on Standards for Bioethics Consultation explored core competencies and related issues in ethics consultation. This position paper summarizes the content of the resulting Task Force Report, which included nine general conclusions: 1) U.S. societal context makes "ethics facilitation" an appropriate approach to ethics consultation; 2) ethics facilitation requires certain core competencies; 3) core competencies can be acquired in various ways; 4) individual consultants, teams, or committees should have the core competencies for ethics consultation; 5) consult services should have policies that address access, patient notification, documentation, and case review; 6) abuse of power and conflicts of interest must be avoided; 7) ethics consultation must have institutional support; 8) evaluation of process, outcomes, and competencies is needed; and 9) certification of individuals and accreditation of programs are rejected. *For members of the Society for Health and Human Values–Society for Bioethics Consultation Task Force on Standards for Bioethics Consultation, see Appendix 1.
Broca and Bouillaud
Authors: Francis Schiller
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In reference to the discussion of Bouillaud and Auburtin in the June 29 issue ofThe Journal(<b>184</b>:1024), Bouillaud's intrepid and immediate forerunnership—as well as Gall's—have never been disputed, least by Broca himself. And to fail to acquaint the reader with the difference between loss of speech due to destruction of both frontal lobes, preferably in toto, à la Bouillaud, and aphemia due to a lesion in the left third frontal convolution at its posterior end, à la Broca, is pure mischief. To state that Broca's area should be named after Bouillaud, who was very lukewarm in accepting its significance, makes nonsense of the whole recounting. Broca was at first commendably hesitant in matters of cerebral localizing, and he was looking for support by those who were not. But his clinical examination of Leborgne (not "Laborgne") [Our typographical error—Ed] or Tan (not "Tan Tan") must
TWO-YEAR GRAFT OCCLUSION AND STENT THROMBOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH DE NOVO LEFT MAIN AND/OR THREE VESSEL DISEASE: ANALYSIS FROM THE SYNTAX TRIAL
Authors: Ted Feldman, Michael J. Mack, Antonio Colombo, Friedrich W. Mohr, Patrick W. Serruys, A. Pieter Kappetein, Thomas McGarry, Scott K. Lucas, Andrea D’Armini, Ezio Bramucci, Katrin Leadley, Keith D. Dawkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Ann-Lii Cheng, Yoon-Koo Kang, Zhendong Chen, Chao-Jung Tsao, Shukui Qin, Jun Suk Kim, Rongcheng Luo, Jifeng Feng, Shenglong Ye, Tsai-Sheng Yang, Jianming Xu, Yan Sun, Houjie Liang, Jiwei Liu, Jiejun Wang, Won Young Tak, Hongming Pan, Karin Burock, Jessie Zou, Dimitris Voliotis, Zhongzhen Guan
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2008)
Hepatic iron and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zobair M. Younossi, Terry Gramlich, Bruce R. Bacon, Christi A. Matteoni, Navdeep Boparai, Rosemary O'Neill, Arthur J. McCullough
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Increased iron is suspected to enhance hepatic injury associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL). We evaluated the impact of iron accumulation on the outcome of NAFL. Patients with NAFL were identified from our database. Twenty-two clinicodemographic and 19 pathological features were available for each patient. Histological staining (Perls' Prussian blue), hepatic iron concentration (HIC), and hepatic iron index (HII) were determined. Data on follow-up, mortality, and cause of death were analyzed. In 65 patients with available liver biopsy blocks, HIC and HII were 1,171 +/- 717 microgram/g dry weight and 0.43 +/- 0.30 micromol/g/yr, respectively. Males had more iron accumulation (HIC: 1,514 +/- 836 vs. 859 +/- 389, P =.0001; and HII: 0.58 +/- 0.35 vs. 0.29 +/- 0.16, P =.0001). In type II diabetics, both HIC (977 +/- 769 vs. 1,301 +/- 659; P <.05) and HII (0.30 +/- 0.23 vs. 0.52 +/- 0.32; P <.05) were lower. Iron accumulation was not related to other variables analyzed. Increased iron was not seen in those with higher grades of fibrosis or other pathological features associated with the aggressive form of NAFL (hepatocyte necrosis, fibrosis, ballooning degeneration, and Mallory hyaline). Iron accumulation was not associated with increased overall mortality, liver-related mortality, or development of cirrhosis. In summary, in most patients with NAFL, significant iron accumulation is not seen. Additionally, in our series of patients with NAFL, iron is not associated with poor clinical or pathological outcomes.
Synopsis of Intensive Care Medicine; Current Critical Care Diagnosis and Management
Authors: S L Cohen
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Synopsis of Intensive Care medicine , L I G Worthley Churchill Livingstone, pounds sterling59.50, pp 985 ISBN 0 443 04638 7

Current Critical Care Diagnosis and Management , Ed Frederic S Bongard, Darryl Y Sue Appleton and Lange, pounds sterling32.25, pp 787 ISBN 0 8385 1088 4

The definition of intensive care varies from country to country. One of these books is Australian and the other American, and they also present different problems and approaches.

The foreword to the Synopsis of Intensive Care Medicine states that Dr Worthley has been the great teacher of trainee intensivists in Australia. It states that the book is designed to be a complete, concise, and current review of …