tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 39-1989
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Peter McL. Black, E. Tessa Hedley-Whyte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 63-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a question of a nasal glioma. She had been in stable health until three weeks earlier, when a generalized seizure developed and she was admitted to another hospital. Phenytoin sodium and phenobarbital were administered. A cranial computed tomographic (CT) scan (Fig. 1) showed an intraethmoidal and superior nasal mass with erosion of the roof of the ethmoid sinus and the cribriform plate. An otolaryn-gologic consultant noted a polypoid mass in the left nasal cavity; microscopical examination of a biopsy specimen of the mass was reported to be . . .
Pierre Fauchard (1678–1761) — Father of Dentistry
Authors: Donald Leake
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THREE eighteenth-century texts form the well-spring from which twentieth-century dentistry evolved: Pierre Fauchard's Le chirurgien dentiste (1728); Philipp Pfaff's Abhandlung von den Zähnen (1756); and John Hunter's Natural History of the Human Teeth (1771). Pierre Fauchard, born in Brittany in 1678, was the author of the earliest and most important of these. Information about his life is scanty, but in the preface to his book he wrote: "The other arts which I practice have never distracted me from surgery to which I was destined from my youth. I was a pupil to M. Alexandre Poteleret, Surgeon Major in the King's . . .
Forced miR-146a expression causes autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome in mice via downregulation of Fas in germinal center B cells
Authors: Qiuye Guo, Jinjun Zhang, Jingyi Li, Liyun Zou, Jinyu Zhang, Zunyi Xie, Xiaolan Fu, Shan Jiang, Gang Chen, Qingzhu Jia, Fei Li, Ying Wan, Yuzhang Wu
Journal: Blood (2013)
CNS Involvement in Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis
Authors: MARCEL DUMONT, JACQUES LAMOUREUX, FRAN??OIS LAMOUREUX, SLEVIN DANAIS, JEAN-PAUL SOUCY, DANIEL DIONNE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

DUMONT, MARCEL M.D.; LAMOUREUX, JACQUES M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.; LAMOUREUX, FRANÇOIS M.D., M.Sc, F.R.C.P.; DANAIS, SLEVIN M.D., F.R.C.P.; SOUCY, JEAN-PAUL M.D.; DIONNE, DANIEL M.D. Author Information
TREATMENT OF INTRAORAL CANCER
Authors: James W. Hendrick
Journal: JAMA (1952)

This discussion of malignant tumors of the oral cavity includes carcinoma of the mucous membrane of the cheeks, gingiva, soft and hard palates, tongue, floor of the mouth, faucial pillars, and tonsils. Carcinoma of the lips and tumors of the jaws, benign and malignant, have been discussed in previous communications.<sup>1</sup> <h3>INCIDENCE AND ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS</h3> Intraoral cancer accounts for approximately 8% of all human malignant disease.<sup>2</sup>The greatest incidence is in the fifth and sixth decades; men are more frequently affected than women, in a ratio of five to one. This group of malignant diseases, because of their accessibility, should be diagnosed early and adequate treatment instituted; however, the larger percentage, when seen by the oncologist, are advanced. Each group of these diseases produces a somewhat different biological and therapeutic problem, depending on location, blood supply, and lymphatic spread. There is, however, one common factor consistently found in all
TCTAP A-154 Intracoronary Infusion of Bone Marrow-derived Selected CD34+CXCR4+ Cells and Non-selected Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Acute STEMI and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. Extended 6-year Follow-up of Randomized, Multicenter REGENT Trial
Authors: Wojciech Wojakowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Dynamic Mitral Regurgitation — More Than Meets the Eye
Authors: Robert A. Levine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Recollections of early medical training conjure up images of the master clinician standing beside the exercising patient, keenly observing the effects of disease. Exercise stress testing is a cornerstone of the evaluation of dynamic coronary insufficiency, providing diagnosis and prognosis. Valvular heart disease, in contrast, has been considered relatively static and has been managed largely on the basis of resting evaluation. Current clinical guidelines indicate that there is conflicting evidence regarding exercise testing in valvular disease and that no efficacy has been established; advocates suggest exploring the dynamics of the ventricle, not the valve.Ischemic mitral regurgitation consequent to myocardial . . .
Increase in and stabilization of incidence and mortality of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma in western Netherlands, 1980-95
Authors: None VAN DER RHEE, None VAN DER SPEK-KEIJSER, None VAN WESTERING, None COEBERGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

In summer 1989, a skin cancer campaign was organized in the coastal area of western Netherlands. In order to assess the impact of this and future campaigns on detection rates for melanomas of various thicknesses, a frame of reference for the epidemiology of cutaneous melanoma was established. We performed a retrospective investigation of all melanomas diagnosed in this region in the period 1980-95. A total of 3705 (2967 invasive and 738 in situ melanomas) cases was analysed. During the 1980s the age-adjusted incidence of invasive melanoma steadily increased (from five in 100,000 to 11 in 100,000 for men and from nine in 100,000 to 14 in 100,000 for women). Since 1988/89 the rate has remained stable for men and has increased only slightly among women. Detection rates for in situ melanomas followed the same pattern. Mortality rates remained largely unchanged for both sexes (European standard rates are about 2.6 in 100,000 for men and 2.2 in 100,000 for women). The median Breslow thickness decreased from 1.2 to 1.1 mm for men and from 1.1 to 0.8 mm for women. A marked increase occurred in the proportion of thin melanomas in comparison with intermediate and thick tumours, particularly among women. The female/male ratio declined in the period studied from 2.0 to 1.5. Directly after the campaign in 1989 a temporary increase occurred in the total number of melanomas diagnosed, largely due to more thin melanomas (</= 1.50 mm). These findings are discussed, particularly the possible implications of the most remarkable finding of this study: the stabilization of the incidence rates in recent years. We conclude, given the recent stabilization of rates and the relative favourable thickness, that screening or surveillance should be confined to high-risk groups.
Communication skills: a cognitive-behavioural approach to enhance relationship skills in young sport coaches
Authors: Glory D Margaret, S Glady Kirubakar, N Kumutha
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Communication is a multifaceted phenomenon involving the transmission or exchange of thoughts, ideas, feelings or information through verbal and non-verbal channels (Anderson 1959). Communication means not only talking but also listening to each other. Effective communication involves mutual sharing and mutual understanding. Its foundation is trust and mutual respect. Communication can be expressed in many different ways: it can be interpersonal, intrapersonal, written or visual. Athletes in different sports have to communicate with many different people in different ways. Athletes communicate in, before competition, in competition and after competition coaches find difficulties in communicating with an athlete due to a number of issues which includes the athlete's perception of something is different, the athlete may jump to a conclusion instead of working through the process of hearing, understanding and accepting, the athlete may lack the knowledge needed to understand what the coach trying to communicate and so on. Effective communication contains six elements: clear, concise, correct, complete, courteous and constructive. Improved communication skills will enable both the athlete and coach to gain much more from their coaching relationship. Good communication is the foundation of all successful coaching. It is well known that outstanding and effective coaches all have communication skills which can shift an athlete or a team from negative to positive attitudes, can express the intricate mechanics of movement in a manner which is clear and understandable, can lift a player from mediocre to elite performance by zoning in on an athlete's individual learning and motivation styles.
Structurally abnormal insulin in a diabetic patient. Characterization of the mutant insulin A3 (Val----Leu) isolated from the pancreas.
Authors: H Sakura, Y Iwamoto, Y Sakamoto, T Kuzuya, H Hirata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We have recently identified a diabetic patient with marked fasting hyperinsulinemia. Family study revealed that the abnormality was an autosomal dominant trait. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of the patient's serum insulin showed that she had an abnormal insulin in addition to a normal insulin. We have purified her insulin(s) from the specimen of her pancreas, which was biopsied during an operation of cholelithiasis. Insulin was also immunologically purified from the serum of her portal vein. The reverse-phase HPLC analysis revealed that the ratios of normal to abnormal insulin in the pancreas, portal vein, and peripheral vein were 5:4, 4:5, and 1:7, respectively. Radioreceptor assay for insulin using guinea pig kidney membrane revealed that the binding activities of the normal component insulin, the abnormal component insulin and her pancreatic insulin containing both components were 100, 5, and 50% of standard human insulin, respectively. The biological activities of the normal component, the abnormal component and her pancreatic insulin to stimulate glucose oxidation in rat adipocytes were found to be 100, 8, and 60% of standard human insulin, respectively. Analysis of amino acid sequences of the abnormal insulin purified from her pancreas strongly suggested the substitution of leucine for valine at the third position of the A chain, A3 (Val----Leu).
ROLE OF COMMUNITY CLINICS IN MENTAL HYGIENE
Authors: GEORGE S. STEVENSON
Journal: JAMA (1931)

The terms child guidance clinic and community clinic are practically synonymous. They are psychiatric clinics concerned with the behavior disorders of children. They imply a responsibility for more than diagnosis and treatment by a physician. The staff of these clinics is made up of psychiatrists, psychologists who conduct and interpret objective approaches to the evaluation chiefly of intelligence, performance capacities and achievements, social workers who carry examination and treatment beyond the confines of the quarters of the clinic, and sometimes a pediatrician. Essential is the fact that these persons work not as independent consultants but as a coordinate unit, making really one examination, one report and one plan of treatment. Even further than this, the community in many instances becomes functionally a part of the staff of the clinic or vice versa.  It is quite impossible to understand the role of the community clinic in improving the mental health of
Lipids of plant membrane rafts
Authors: Jean-Luc Cacas, Fabienne Furt, Marina Le Guédard, Jean-Marie Schmitter, Corinne Buré, Patricia Gerbeau-Pissot, Patrick Moreau, Jean-Jacques Bessoule, Françoise Simon-Plas, Sébastien Mongrand
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2012)
Modified-Fat Dietary Management of the Young Male With Coronary Disease
Authors: Marvin L. Bierenbaum
Journal: JAMA (1967)

One hundred young male outpatients with coronary disease who were under dietary management with a 28% fat diet were group-matched to a non-dietary-managed group in regard to age, age at infarction, number of infarctions, prevalence of hypertension, degree of angina, and value of serum cholesterol, among other factors. The diet-managed group experienced a significant reduction in serum cholesterol value, while the non-dietary-managed group did not. No significant differences were noted between the two groups in levels for serum total lipids, phospholipids, and triglycerides. Under the experimental conditions employed, the degree of unsaturation of the diet did not appear to influence serum cholesterol value or mortality. The non-dietary-managed group had a 160% higher recurrent infarction rate and a 233% higher mortality rate than did the dietary-managed group during the first five years of observation.
Bleeding Risk and Dexamethasone Use in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy
Authors: Christoph Czarnetzki, Nadia Elia, Martin R. Tramèr
Journal: JAMA (2013)

To the Editor: Dr Gallagher and colleagues1 examined the risk of bleeding associated with dexamethasone administered to children undergoing tonsillectomy. The authors concluded that dexamethasone was not associated with bleeding requiring reoperation, using a noninferiority threshold of 5%.
Ursodeoxycholic acid and primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: A G Lim, T C Northfield
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ursodeoxycholic acid, originally in the form of bear bile, has been used to treat abdominal complaints in China and Japan for centuries. Its use was rediscovered in the West 10 years ago after the serendipitous finding that it not only dissolved cholesterol gall stones but greatly improved the liver function values of patients who had chronic liver disease.1 This finding resulted in a flurry of research, particularly into the use of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis.

The results of four large, well designed, double blind, placebo controlled trials are now available.*RF 2-5* All studied patients for two years and reported broadly similar results - that ursodeoxycholic acid greatly improves serum concentrations of bilirubin and liver enzymes. Serum bilirubin concentration of untreated patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is an independent predictor of outcome. Alkaline phosphatase and (gamma)-glutamyl transpeptidase values reflect cholestasis, and serum transaminase values indicate the degree of hepatocellular damage.

Although these results are encouraging, their long term importance is unclear. In particular, …
Remodeling of Granulocyte Membrane Fatty Acids During Phagocytosis
Authors: James E. Smolen, Stephen B. Shohet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

During phagocytosis, new phospholipid is synthesized from triglyceride fatty acid and may be utilized to form the membranes of phagocytic vesicles. In addition, hydrogen peroxide, which can peroxidize unsaturated fatty acids, is generated. Since both of these processes could change membrane fatty acid composition during the conversion of cytoplasmic granules and plasma membranes to phagosomes, the lipid compositions of these structures were examined. Phagocytic vesicles were prepared by density gradient centrifugation of polystyrene latex particles after phagocytosis. Granule and plasma membrane fractions were isolated by density gradient and differential centrifugation. Phospholipids and fatty acids were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. While whole cells, granules, plasma membranes, and phagosomes were all similar in phospholipid composition, phagosome fatty acids were significantly more saturated than those of the other fractions. This was primarily due to reduced oleic and arachidonic acids and increased palmitic acid in the phagocytic vesicle lipids. Plasma membrane was also more saturated in comparison to whole cells and granules. However, this difference was not sufficient to explain the marked comparative saturation of the phagosomes. The observed increase in fatty acid saturation in these lipids may have been induced by a combination of either peroxidative destruction of polyunsaturated fatty acids or phospholipase activity, coupled with reacylation mechanisms favoring saturated fatty acids.
In vivo CpG DNA/toll-like receptor 9 interaction induces regulatory properties in CD4+CD62L+ T cells which prevent intestinal inflammation in the SCID transfer model of colitis
Authors: F Obermeier
Journal: Gut (2005)

Cytosin-guanosin dinucleotide (CpG) motifs of bacterial DNA are known to be potent activators of innate immunity. We have shown previously that administration of CpG containing oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) to mice before the onset of dextran sodium sulphate induced colitis ameliorated colitis and inhibited induction of proinflammatory cytokines. To investigate the possible involvement of CD4(+) T cells in the prophylactic CpG-ODN effects, we used the SCID transfer model of colitis.CD4(+)CD62L(+) T cells from CpG-ODN treated donors did not induce significant intestinal inflammation in SCID recipients, in contrast with control cells. Additionally, cotransfer of these cells with CD4(+)CD62L(+) cells from normal mice protected recipient animals from colitis, indicating regulatory activity. Also, CD4(+)CD62L(+) cells from toll-like receptor 9 deficient animals induced a significantly more severe colitis in SCID recipients than cells from wild-type littermate controls, suggesting a similar protective role of "endogenous" bacterial DNA leading to a less "aggressive" phenotype of these cells. There was no detectable difference in regulatory T cell surface markers between aggressive and attenuated cell pools but attenuated cell pools showed reduced proliferation in vitro and in vivo and produced less interferon gamma, interleukin (IL)-5, and IL-6 after anti-CD3 stimulation.Collectively, our data support the concept that both endogenous bacterial DNA and exogenously supplied CpG motifs of bacterial DNA induce regulatory properties in CD4(+) T cells. Therefore, bacterial DNA derived from the normal gut flora may contribute essentially to the homeostasis between effector and regulatory immune mechanisms in healthy individuals to protect them from chronic intestinal inflammation.
Abstract 730: Evaluation of micro-RNA biomarker panel on biopsies and non-invasive samples in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Carol ying ying Szeto, Dora Lai-wan KWONG, Anne Lee, Ng Wai-tong, Victor Ho-fun LEE, Maria Li Lung
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignant disease in Southeast Asia among the Chinese population. Being stable, sensitive and dysregulated in cancer, microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for NPC. Several screening and mechanistic studies have identified potential miRNA biomarkers from different systems, however, integrative biomarker panels including both human and EBV-encoded miRNAs are still lacking. Herein we evaluate the usefulness of a potential biomarker panel on biopsies and non-invasive samples (nasal swab and plasma) in NPC. By optimizing methodology, we can detect the expression of miRNAs in different samples (biopsies, nasal swabs, and plasma) from minimal amounts of samples. We have identified eight miRNA candidates in the literature as a testing panel and analyzed their expression levels in 20 paired tumor/normal biopsies samples. Five (EBV-mir-BART2, -BART4, -BART22, -BART7, and has-mir-34c) show significant differences in miRNA expression levels. Unbiased hierarchical clustering analysis of all eight candidates yield clusters of cases may be related to different causes and treatment outcomes of NPC. Five out of the eight miRNAs were chosen for further screening on a total of 40 paired biopsy samples to evaluate the significance of each cluster. Four (EBV-mir-BART2,-BART22, -BART7, and has-mir-34c) show significant expression (p&amp;lt;0.05) in paired tumor/normal biopsies samples. The miRNA expression in nasal swab samples with paired biopsies was also analyzed. Expression in cell-free plasma RNAs of the miRNA candidate panel has also been examined to evaluate the usefulness of this panel as non-invasive biomarkers. Our results suggested the feasibility of utilizing a miRNA biomarker panel for diagnosis/prognosis of NPC using biopsies and of nasal swabs and plasma to minimize the invasiveness and amounts of samples needed for diagnosis. Acknowledgement: This work was supported by University Grants Council, HKSAR Area of Excellence grant AoE/M-06/08 to MLL. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 730. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-730
New approach to acute myelogenous leukemia yields improved results
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Complete remission is difficult to achieve and maintain in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). But a study now entering its sixth year suggests that for some patients chemotherapeutic strategies may achieve these goals. Ten hospitals in various parts of the country are participating in the study. So far, complete remission has been induced in 75 (70%) of 107 patients, ranging in age from 4 months to 49 years, who have entered the study since February 1976. These remissions were achieved in 45 (74%) of 61 patients younger than 18 years and in 30 (65% ) of 46 patients older than 18 years. Of the 75 patients, 32 patients now have completed both their induction and their maintenance chemotherapy regimens. The median time since cessation of all therapy is one year, although eight of the patients have been in remission for three years or longer, and three of these eight are nearing
Acute Respiratory Failure after Interferon-γ Therapy of End-Stage Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Isabelle Honoré, Hilario Nunes, Odile Groussard, Marianne Kambouchner, Arnaud Chambellan, Michel Aubier, Dominique Valeyre, Bruno Crestani
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Interferon (IFN)-γ was recently proposed as a treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. We report on four patients who developed acute respiratory failure with new alveolar opacities after 2 (two patients), 6, and 35 injections of IFN-γ-1b. All four patients had advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (total lung capacity less than 45% predicted or carbon monoxide diffusion capacity less than 30% predicted), and two patients had familial pulmonary fibrosis. No other cause of deterioration was found. Refractory hypoxemia led to death in three cases and to lung transplantation in one case. Pathologic studies in two patients showed diffuse alveolar damage lesions with preexisting usual interstitial pneumonia. These cases suggest that IFN-γ therapy can induce an acute respiratory failure in patients with end-stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Radionuclide Demonstration of Urinary Bladder-to-colon Fistula Following Radiation Therapy
Authors: JAMES D. SLAVIN, JOSEPH J. SKARZYNSKI, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A Vesicocolonic fistula was detected on a Tc-99m DTPA renal study two months after completion of radiation therapy for bladder carcinoma.
Conducting Unlinked Anonymous HIV Surveillance in Developing Countries: Ethical, Epidemiological, and Public Health Concerns
Authors: Stuart Rennie, Abigail Norris Turner, Bavon Mupenda, Frieda Behets
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

Data collected from HIV surveillance are crucial to guide public health interventions planning and prevention efforts. The practice of UAT an important form of HIV surveillance raises ethical epidemiological and public health challenges in low-income countries. Some ways of conducting UAT in the field violate the spirit and/or the letter of international ethical guidelines. Vulnerable populations such as sex workers may be subject to unjust treatment by local health authorities during HIV surveillance initiatives. Conducting UAT in ethically and epidemiologically sound ways in low-income countries requires a multifaceted approach including local capacity building community engagement and increased access to HIV and STI testing. (excerpt)