tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-125 Positive calprotectin but negative investigations-what next?
Authors: N Mohammed, S Smale
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Faecal markers are an increasingly established markers of gastrointestinal inflammation. Faecal calprotectin has an important role in differentiating functional from organic disease.<sup>1</sup><sup>2</sup> However a small proportion of patients have an initial abnormal calprotectin and go on to complete normal series of gastrointestinal investigations. We submit this project where in we studied the outcome of those patients who had abnormal faecal calprotectin followed by normal endoscopic/radiological investigations for gastrointestinal diseases, over a period of 3 years. <h3>Methods</h3> We identified all 600 patients in our unit who had faecal calprotectins performed between January and June 2007. We then selected all those with abnormal calprotectins (&gt;50 μg/g) whose initial investigations were normal (n=67) and assessed the long term follow-up of these patients. <h3>Results</h3> All patients whose initial calprotectin was &lt;225 μg/g had not been found to have any inflammatory or neoplastic gastro-intestinal disease in the following 3 years follow-up. In those whose calprotectin was initially &gt;225 μg/g (n=25) nine were found to have inflammatory bowel disease, 5 were found to have other organic pathology (Clostridium defficile associated Diarrhoea, Coeliac disease, Diverticular disease, Ischaemic colitis) over the subsequent 3 years. In those who had organic disease repeat calprotectin was elevated (3/14). All other patients with an initial calprotectin of &gt;225 μg/g were concluded to have functional disease of whom 8/11 had subsequent faecal calprotectins all of which were normal. Summary: 1. At a calprotectin of &lt;225 μg/g all patients were subsequently concluded to have functional disease. 2. Among those in whom initial calprotectin was &gt;225 μg/g with normal investigation only those with sequentially abnormal calprotectins (mean interval to second calprotectin 6 months, range 60–550 days) had organic disease on follow-up. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Negative faecal calprotectin can be a very useful tool to exclude organic pathology. Borderline positive results can be misleading. Serial Calprotectin may hold promise for defining those with post-inflammatory/infective IBS or organic disease. It also reflect response to treatment and aid in disease monitoring, but further longer term study is required. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Tibble</b>, <i>et al. Gut</i> 2000;<b>47</b>:506–13. 2. <b>Limburg</b>, <i>et al</i>. <i>Am J Gastroenterol</i> 2000;<b>95</b>:2831–7.
A REPORT ON SOME CASES OF BRAIN SURGERY.Read by title in the Section of Surgery, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: EMORY LANPHEAR
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Only too often reports of cases are published before sufficient time has elapsed to determine whether or not a cure has been effected. While a rule which I attempt to follow is, to report no cases until I am satisfied as to the outcome, a few case histories have been published regarding which I wish now to make a supplemental report: <i>(A.) Removal of Gasserian Ganglion</i>.—Something more than a year ago I sent out a report of a case of removal of the Gasserian ganglion by the method of Mr. Rose. Inasmuch as this operation is still a debatable one, its opponents claiming that the disease for which the operation is made will return inside of a few months, we who are in favor of the operation are compelled to report from time to time as to the condition of patients. The case to which reference is made has progressed
Hepatitis C Virus and Intravenous Immune Globulin-Reply
Authors: Joseph S. Bresee
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In Reply.  —We, like Dr Macy, did not expect the high rate of detection of anti-HCV in this cohort of immunodeficient patients. In prior reports of HCV transmission to patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia following IGIV administration, 2% to 27% of patients with HCV RNA detected by reverse transcriptase—polymerase chain reaction had detectable anti-HCV. 1,2 Variability in the proportion of immunodeficient patients with detectable anti-HCV may reflect differences in the patient population, differences in the timing of anti-HCV testing, or both. We are not aware of any unique features of HCV or the recombinant HCV antigens in the antibody test that would account for immunodeficient patients responding at a higher rate to these antigens than to other viral antigens.  We agree with Dr Mosley that further laboratory studies are needed to determine the exact reasons for the infectivity of Gammagard. However, there was no evidence that changes in either plasma donor sources or
Circulating antibodies to gliadin subfractions in dermatitis herpetiformis and linear IgA dermatoses
Authors: V.A. Venning, F.T. Wojnarowska, P.J. Ciclitira, H.J. Ellis, J.M. Nelufer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Circulating antibodies to gliadin subfractions in dermatitis herpetiformis and linear IgA dermatoses Get access V.A. Venning, V.A. Venning The Slade Hospital, Oxford and the Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.T. Wojnarowska, F.T. Wojnarowska The Slade Hospital, Oxford and the Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.J. Ciclitira, P.J. Ciclitira the Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.J. Ellis, H.J. Ellis the Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.M. Nelufer J.M. Nelufer the Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue s29, 1 July 1985, Page 41, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb13008.x Published: 01 July 1985
Host natural killer immunity is a key indicator of permissiveness for donor cell engraftment in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Amel Hassan, Pamela Lee, Paraskevi Maggina, Jin Hua Xu, Diana Moreira, Mary Slatter, Zohreh Nademi, Austen Worth, Stuart Adams, Alison Jones, Catherine Cale, Zoe Allwood, Kanchan Rao, Robert Chiesa, Persis Amrolia, Hubert Gaspar, E. Graham Davies, Paul Veys, Andrew Gennery, Waseem Qasim
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) can be cured by using allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the absence of host immunity often obviates the need for preconditioning. Depending on the underlying genetic defect and when blocks in differentiation occur during lymphocyte ontogeny, infants with SCID have absent or greatly reduced numbers of functional T cells. Natural killer (NK) cell populations are usually absent in the SCID-X1 and Janus kinase 3 forms of SCID and greatly reduced in adenosine deaminase deficiency SCID but often present in other forms of the disorder.To determine if SCID phenotypes indicate host permissiveness to donor cell engraftment.A retrospective data analysis considered whether host NK cells influenced donor T-cell engraftment, immune reconstitution, and long-term outcomes in children who had undergone nonconditioned allogeneic stem cell transplantation between 1990 and 2011 in the United Kingdom. Detailed analysis of T- and B-cell immune reconstitution and donor chimerism was compared between the NK(+) (n = 24) and NK(-) (n = 53) forms of SCID.Overall, 77 children underwent transplantation, with survival of 90% in matched sibling donor/matched family donor transplants compared with 60% when alternative donors were used. Infants with NK(-)SCID were more likely to survive than NK(+) recipients (87% vs 62%, P < .01) and had high-level donor T-cell chimerism with superior long-term recovery of CD4 T-cell immunity. Notably, 33% of children with NK(+)SCID required additional transplantation procedures compared with only 8% of children with NK(-)SCID (P < .005).NK(-)SCID disorders are highly permissive for donor T-cell engraftment without preconditioning, whereas the presence of NK cells is a strong indicator that preparative conditioning is required for engraftment of T-cell precursors capable of supporting robust T-cell reconstitution.
18F-FDG PET/CT Metabolic Activity Assessment in Infective and Neoplastic Diseases
Authors: Artor Niccoli Asabella, Corinna Altini, Antonio Rosario Pisani, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Giuseppe Rubini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report a case of a 73-year-old-man with systemic hydatidosis and concomitant Burkitt lymphoma. He came at our attention for fever and weight loss suspected for parasitic cyst discharge and also for lymphoproliferative disorder. We performed US, which showed disseminated parasitic cysts. CECT showed parasitic cysts and also several abdominal and thoracic lymphnodes and adrenal hypodense tissue. 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed and showed lack of 18F-FDG uptake in cysts and high 18F-FDG uptake in lymphnodes and adrenal glands. These findings permitted us to exclude the cyst discharge, to localize a site for biopsy, and to define and stage the Burkitt lymphoma.
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE CIRCULATORY ACTIONS OF DIGITALIS AND STROPHANTHUS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE LIVER, AND COMPARISONS WITH HISTAMINE AND EPINEPHRINE
Authors: M. L. Tainter, W. Dock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1930)

In a previous paper (1) it was shown that digitalis in dogs caused a fall in venous pressure at the time when the minute volume flow of blood was diminished.This fall in venous pressure, and hence in return flow of blood to the heart, was correlated with a peripheral vasocontrictor action of the digitalis.It was indicated that constric- tion of the hepatic veins was the major factor in causing a redistribu- tion of blood, with pooling in the splanchnic area.This venous action of digitalis agreed with results on the perfused liver and on excised veins reported in the literature.Kobert (2), in 1886, and Lampe and Mehes (3), in 1926, demonstrated that digitalis and allied glucosides caused a marked constriction of the vessels of the perfused liver, and Franklin (4), in 1925, reported constriction of excised veins by digitalis.In our experiments on dogs there was a progressive increase in volume of the liver in-situ and a simultaneous constriction of the intestines after doses of digitalis corresponding to the full therapeutic.Although the significance of these changes in the splanchnic region were appreciated at the time, it was thought that additional data on the state of the portal circulation were desirable, particularly with reference to con- firmation or denial of the constrictor action of digitalis on the hepatic veins.In the present paper, therefore, further experiments on this portal mechanism are presented, the results with digitalis being com- pared and correlated with those with histamine and epinephrine as controls. DIGITALIS AND STROPHANTHUSThe same tincture of digitalis was used as in our previous experiments (1).The potency was equivalent to 88 mgm. of leaves, or 485
The Increasing Concern With Infertility
Authors: Sevgi O. Aral
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A RELATIVELY large number of married American couples of reproductive age are infertile.<sup>1</sup>In 1976, more than one in ten couples had failed to conceive after at least one year of marriage during which no contraceptives were used. Also in 1976, seven percent of American women stated that they had sought professional consultation during the preceding three years to increase their chances of having a baby.<sup>2</sup>Thus, we estimate that almost three in every four couples with a perceived infertility problem actively requested medical evaluation in the mid-1970s. Some authorities believe the demand for infertility services has escalated in recent years.<sup>3</sup> Available data partially support this perception. The estimated number of visits to private physicians' offices for infertility-related consultation increased from approximately 600,000 in 1968 to more than 900,000 in 1972 and remained near that level through 1980 (Table 1). While a slight absolute decrease occurred in
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2–Induced Initial Endothelial Cell Migration Depends on the Presence of the Urokinase Receptor
Authors: Gerald W. Prager, Johannes M. Breuss, Stefan Steurer, Damla Olcaydu, Judit Mihaly, Patrick M. Brunner, Hannes Stockinger, Bernd R. Binder
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

The angiogenic response of endothelial cells initiated by different growth factors is accompanied by assembly of cell surface–bound proteolytic machinery as a prerequisite for focal invasion. We have shown previously how the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) initiates proteolysis by activation of pro-urokinase (pro-PA) via the VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). We now show that the cell surface receptor of the uPA-system, the urokinase receptor (uPAR), is redistributed to focal adhesions at the leading edge of endothelial cells in response to VEGF. VEGF 165 and VEGF-E, both interacting with VEGFR-2, but not PlGF exclusively stimulating VEGFR-1, induce within minutes internalization of uPAR via an LDL receptor–like molecule, dependent on generation of active uPA and the presence of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). uPAR seems to play a pivotal role in VEGFR-2–induced endothelial cell migration because cleavage of surface uPAR impaired the migratory response of endothelial cells toward VEGF-E, but not toward PlGF.
Scientists, Ethicists Ponder Challenges in Moving Stem Cell Research Forward
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adequacy of Clinical Trials Questioned at IOM Meeting
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Measurement of fibrosis in needle liver biopsies: Evaluation of a colorimetric method
Authors: Wladimiro Jimenez, Albert Parés, Joan Caballería, Daniel Heredia, Meguel Bruguera, Miguel Torres, Marcos Rojkind, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Collagen content was measured in 38 needle liver biopsies (8 steatosis, 8 chronic hepatitis, 7 fibrosis and 15 cirrhosis) by a new colorimetric method based on the selective capacity of Sirius red and Fast green to bind to collagen and noncollagenous proteins, respectively. The values were compared with those obtained after determination of the degree of fibrosis by morphometry in the same tissue. In biopsies with cirrhosis and fibrosis, there was a higher amount of collagen than in biopsies with chronic hepatitis and steatosis. Furthermore, there was a highly significant direct correlation between the collagen content measured colorimetrically and the degree of fibrosis determined morphometrically (r = 0.77, p &lt; 0.001), suggesting that this new colorimetric method is useful in measuring the degree of fibrosis in needle liver biopsies.
Surgeon sentenced to seven years in jail for patient deaths
Authors: B. Burton
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A former surgeon at a Queensland hospital, Dr Jayant Patel ( BMJ 2005;330:985, doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7498.985; BMJ 2008;337:a1065, doi:10.1136/bmj.a1065), has been sentenced to seven years in jail for killing three of his patients and causing grievous bodily harm to another.

Dr Patel, who fled Australia in 2005 after public uproar over his performance while working at the Bundaberg Base Hospital in Queensland, was extradited from the US in July 2008 ( BMJ 2008:336:634; doi:10.1136/bmj.39520.479329.DB) to face 16 charges including manslaughter, …
EFFECTS OF APERIENTS ON THE PERISTALSIS OF THE STOMACH AND INTESTINES.
Authors: F. PFAFF
Journal: JAMA (1906)

We wished to study the effects of different drugs on the movements of the gastrointestinal tract. Before studying these effects we had first to find out the best method of observing such peristaltic movements. For this purpose well fed cats and rabbits were used. The animals were first anesthetized, the abdomen opened in the median line, and the intestines, including the stomach, exposed to full view. To protect the intestines from the air the animal was placed in salt solution, as advised by former investigators, in such a manner that the head and thorax were kept above the salt solution and the breathing not interfered with. In our experiments 0.8 per cent. salt solution proved to be the best. After the animal recovered from the ether and the shock following the operation, the picture observed, as a rule, was as follows: The stomach was full of food and the entire
Physical activity and stroke in British middle aged men.
Authors: G. Wannamethee, A. G. Shaper
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVES--To assess the relation between physical activity and stroke and to determine the overall benefit of physical activity for all major cardiovascular events. DESIGN--Prospective study of a cohort of men followed up for 9.5 years. SETTING--General practices in 24 towns in England, Wales, and Scotland (British regional heart study). SUBJECTS--7735 men aged 40-59 at screening, selected at random from one general practice in each of 24 towns. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Fatal and non-fatal strokes and heart attacks. RESULTS--128 major strokes (fatal and non-fatal) occurred. Physical activity was inversely associated with risk of stroke independent of coronary risk factors, heavy drinking, and pre-existing ischaemic heart disease or stroke (relative risk 1.0 for inactivity, 0.6 moderate activity, and 0.3 vigorous activity; test for trend p = 0.008). The association remained after excluding men reporting regular sporting (vigorous) activity. However, vigorous physical activity was associated with a marginally significant increased risk of heart attack compared with moderate or moderately vigorous activity in men with no pre-existing ischaemic heart disease or stroke (relative risk 1.6%; 95% confidence interval 0.96 to 2.8). In men with symptomatic ischaemic heart disease or stroke those doing moderately vigorous or vigorous activity had a risk of heart attack slightly higher than that in inactive men (relative risk = 1.6; 0.8 to 3.3). CONCLUSIONS--Moderate physical activity significantly reduces the risk of stroke and heart attacks in men both with and without pre-existing ischaemic heart disease. More vigorous activity did not confer any further protection. Moderate activity, such as frequent walking and recreational activity or weekly sporting activity, should be encouraged without restriction.
D-Penicillamine and Macroglobulins
Authors: ISRAELI A. JAFFE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

ExcerptTo the editor: The paper on Sjögren's syndrome and hyperviscosity (Ann Intern Med80:27-34) and the editorial comment (p. 107), which appeared in the January 1974 issue are an excellent contribution to our understanding of a complex subject. In the paper by Blaylock, Waller, and Normansell, there are some statements aboutD-penicillamine that are in error. These authors state thatD-penicillamine would be "expected to have no effect on intermediate complexes." This is incorrect. The first published evidence of the effect ofD-penicillamine on intermediate complexes appeared in theAnnalsin 1964 (1), and an additional report of the reduction...