tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversal of Pulmonary Hypertension by Prolonged Oxygen Administration to Patients with Chronic Bronchitis
Authors: ABRAHAM S. ABRAHAM, RICHARD B. COLE, JOHN M. BISHOP
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

Established pulmonary hypertension associated with hypoxemia in patients with chronic bronchitis is probably secondary to hyperplasia of the smooth muscle of pulmonary arterioles. To investigate the possibility that this increase in pulmonary arterial pressure was reversible, the floating catheter technique was used to study the effects of continuous administration of oxygen for 4 to 8 weeks on the pulmonary circulation. In six patients, there was a gradual fall in pulmonary arterial pressure, the mean pressure for the group being 42.5 mm Hg before, and 32.3 mm Hg after, the period of oxygen administration. All measurements were made when the patients breathed air. There was no change in cardiac output. Hematocrit decreased from 51.4% to 42.5%, but total blood volume remained unchanged. It has been shown previously that brief inhalation of oxygen can cause a slight temporary reduction in the pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic bronchitis and anoxemia. The present findings show that the residual, established hypertension is also reversible if oxygen therapy is continued for weeks. It is suggested that this reversal may be brought about by regression of the muscular hyperplasia of the small pulmonary vessels consequent to longterm relief of hypoxia.
Cardiac and Vascular Diseases
Authors: Harry B. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Presenting much topical material, as well as long-accepted data,<i>Cardiac and Vascular Diseases</i>is good for reference and for browsing. Whatever his specialty, a physician leafing its pages will almost certainly find intriguing topics. Undoubtedly, obsolescence will soon make revisions necessary. Until then, however, the clinicians and medical students who use these two books for reference will probably find much, if not most, of the information currently available about the problem at hand. With its 102 contributors, Conn and Horwitz's two-volume set has something for everybody. Succinct discussions of the genetics of heart disease and the dynamics of lymph flow will interest most readers. But those who are not specialists may find some intricacies of cardiac physiology and esoteric tests of cardiac function tedious. Nonetheless, without slighting unusual forms of heart disease, the contributors attend mostly to the common problems of diagnosis and treatment. Noting that a diseased heart seldom
Doctors, Damages and Deterrence
Authors: William B. Schwartz, Neil K. Komesar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Damages awarded in a malpractice suit must be viewed not only as compensating the victim but also as deterring health-care providers from negligent behavior. Economic analysis of the malpractice system indicates that awards can send a signal to providers that informs them how much to invest in avoiding mishaps. The malpractice system is beset by difficulties, but not the ones commonly incriminated. The signal to the physician, as determined by the number of claims and size of awards ("expected damages"), appears to be insufficient for ideal deterrence. Moreover, the deterrence signal is attenuated because malpractice premiums are set for groups of physicians, not for individuals according to their record of previous malpractice incidents. Replacing the present tort system with a no-fault insurance scheme would not necessarily be cheaper, and might well abolish the deterrent signal or distort clinical decision making.
Clinical Experience with Tc-99m MIBI Imaging in Patients with Malignant Tumors Preliminary Results and Comparison with TI-201
Authors: CUMALI AKTOLUN, HIKMET BAYHAN, METIN KIR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Tc-99m MIBI imaging was performed in 34 patients with histopathologically proven malignant tumors. The study was performed in two steps. In the first step, only Tc-99m MIBI imaging was performed (Group 1). In the second step, both Tc-99m MIBI and TI-201 imaging were performed for comparison (Group 2). Seventeen patients were studied in each step. The size of the smallest primary tumor (breast cancer) was 15 × 10 mm, and that of the largest (lung cancer) was 145 × 130 mm. Of the 34 patients, 26 showed Tc-99m MIBI uptake at the tumor site. In Group 1, 12 patients showed Tc-99m MIBI tumor uptake, but no uptake was detected in five patients (squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, teratoma of the testis, nonHodgkin's lymphoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung). In Group 2, 13 patients showed both Tc-99m MIBI and TI-201 uptake at the tumor site, but one patient with breast cancer showed only Tc-99m MIBI uptake, and three patients showed no Tc-99m MIBI and TI-201 uptake (embryonal cell carcinoma of the testis, hepatocellular carcinoma). The overall sensitivity of Tc-99m MIBI imaging was 76.4%. In Group 2, the sensitivity was 82.3% for Tc-99m MIBI and 76.4% for TI-201. Our preliminary clinical experience suggests that Tc-99m MIBI can be helpful in localizing malignant tumors and that its sensitivity is slightly higher than TI-201.
H vaginicola Endocarditis In a Heroin Addict
Authors: William R. Thompson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Helpern and Rho reported endocarditis and sepsis as a cause of death in 8.7% of narcotic addicts dying in New York city over a 12-year period.<sup>1</sup>Hussey and Katz found that 8% of 102 addicts with a variety of infections had endocarditis.<sup>2</sup>The mortality was high. In a review of 60 cases Conway<sup>3</sup>noted involvement of the triscuspid valve in 40%, with evidence of preexisting valvular disease in 22%. The staphylococcus was the usual invading organism, with<i>Candida</i>and<i>pseudomas</i>varieties and gram-negative enteric bacteria reported less frequently. Since the addict is prone to use nonsterile techniques for intravenous injections, invasion by lesscommon organisms can be expected. <i>Herellea vaginicola</i>is a member of the tribe Mimeae. Invasion of the blood stream has been reported following contamination of polyethylene catheters. Most instances of clinical disease resulting from<i>H vaginicola</i>have occurred in patients with serious
Advances in Immunology
Authors: Max Samter
Journal: JAMA (1970)

It is pleasant to be able to congratulate editors and publishers upon the tenth anniversary of a successful publication. Like its predecessors, the current volume of this attractive series is tightly edited. Each chapter is organized into introduction, presentation of current thought and knowledge, concluding remarks and questions that remain: it is a volume which might fascinate outsiders but is specifically addressed to workers in the field. The reviewers cover a wide range from gene duplication in the evolution of immunoglobulins to the inhibition of chemical mediators released during antigen-antibody interaction. Some of the facts are old and some are new, but while the facts are indisputable, it is the particular distinction of this series that it leads the reader to continuing arguments about their interpretation. It is certain, for instance, that antibodies vary in affinity, but it is not yet certain whether, as Siskind and Benacerraf propose, antigens "select"
Insulin resistance and pancreatic cell failure
Authors: M. Kasuga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

It is now well accepted that diabetes mellitus is one of the main threats to human health in the twenty-first century. The total number of people with diabetes worldwide was estimated at between 151 million and 171 million in 2000 and is projected to increase to 221 million in 2010 and to 366 million in 2030. Needless to say, the increase in the number of people with diabetes will be accompanied by an increase in the number of those with diabetic complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and atherosclerosis. The global mortality attributable to diabetes in the year 2000 was estimated at 2.9 million deaths, a number that will also increase. Given that type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 90% of cases of diabetes worldwide, it is important that we understand the pathogenesis of this condition and develop new approaches to its prevention and treatment.
Toll-like Receptor 3 and Chemokine Synthesis in Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: K. Niimi, K. Asano, Y. Shiraishi, T. Takihara, J. Kagyo, M. Wakaki, T. Nakajima, Y. Suzuki, T. Shiomi, T. Oguma, A. Ishizaka
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Class III action of -blocking agents
Authors: P. TAGGART, R. DONALDSON, J. ABED, F. NASHAT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

Journal Article Class III action of β-blocking agents Get access PETER TAGGART, PETER TAGGART * From the Department of Physiology, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London *Correspondence and reprint requests: Dr P Taggart, Department of Physiology, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, Windeyer Building, Cleveland Street, London, W1P 6DB. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ROBERT DONALDSON, ROBERT DONALDSON From the Department of Physiology, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMAL ABED, JAMAL ABED From the Department of Physiology, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar FAISAL NASHAT FAISAL NASHAT From the Department of Physiology, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 18, Issue 11, November 1984, Pages 683–689, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/18.11.683 Published: 01 November 1984
Hands across the equator: the Hereford-Muheza link eight years on
Authors: J B Wood, E Hills, F J K Keto
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Short elective sabbatical visits have been arranged between Herefordshire Health Authority in England and Muheza Health District in Tanzania over the past eight years. Any employee can apply, and the 64 who have participated include midwives, physiotherapists, engineers, and nurse tutors. The possibility of being chosen adds to the attractiveness of working in both districts, and costs have been small. The visits are believed to have led to new ideas and a willingness and confidence to consider change.
Recurrent oral ulceration treated with Mysteclin: a controlled study.
Authors: A M Denman, A A Schiff
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Twenty patients with recurrent oral ulceration participated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trail of Mysteclin syrup (tetracycline hydrochloride and amphotericin) used as a mouthwash. Though a small, consistent improvement occurred with placebo, there was a significant reduction in mean pair scores and numbers of new ulcers recorded daily during the active-treatment periods, the effect lasting for at least four weeks after treatment was stopped. In contrast to topical steroid preparations, Mysteclin syrup is efficacious when begun at any stage of the disorder and is not associated with adverse systemic effects.
Predictors and prognostic implications of incident heart failure following the first diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in patients with structurally normal hearts: the Belgrade Atrial Fibrillation Study
Authors: Tatjana S. Potpara, Marija M. Polovina, Marina M. Licina, Jelena M. Marinkovic, Gregory Y. H. Lip
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
Adenoviral delivery of E2F-1 directs cell cycle reentry and p53-independent apoptosis in postmitotic adult myocardium in vivo.
Authors: R Agah, L A Kirshenbaum, M Abdellatif, L D Truong, S Chakraborty, L H Michael, M D Schneider
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Irreversible exit from the cell cycle precludes the ability of cardiac muscle cells to increase cell number after infarction. Using adenoviral E1A, we previously demonstrated dual pocket protein- and p300-dependent pathways in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, and have proven that E2F-1, which occupies the Rb pocket, suffices for these actions of E1A. By contrast, the susceptibility of adult ventricular cells to viral delivery of exogenous cell cycle regulators has not been tested, in vitro or in vivo. In cultured adult ventricular myocytes, adenoviral gene transfer of E2F-1 induced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin-dependent protein kinase 4, cell division cycle 2 kinase, DNA synthesis, and apoptosis. In vivo, adenoviral delivery of E2F-1 by direct injection into myocardium induced DNA synthesis, shown by 5'-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, and accumulation in G2/M, by image analysis of Feulgen-stained nuclei. In p53(-)/- mice, the prevalence of G1 exit was more than twofold greater; however, E2F-1 evoked apoptosis and rapid mortality comparably in both backgrounds. Thus, the differential effects of E2F-1 on G1 exit in wild-type versus p53-deficient mice illustrate the combinatorial power of viral gene delivery to genetically defined recipients: E2F-1 can override the G1/S checkpoint in postmitotic ventricular myocytes in vitro and in vivo, but leads to apoptosis even in p53(-)/- mice.
PATIENT AND CARDIOLOGISTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE BENEFITS OF PCI FOR STABLE CORONARY DISEASE
Authors: Senthil Sivalingam, Michael Rothberg, Javed Asharf, Paul Visintainer, John Joelson, Reva Kleppel, Neelima Vallurupalli, Marc Schweiger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
INSUSCEPTIBILITY OF PUPS TO CHLOROFORM POISONING DURING THE FIRST THREE WEEKS OF LIFE
Authors: G. H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1912)

Employing the liver necrosis as an index, we find that pups are immune to the poisonous action of chloroform anesthesia. This immunity or resistance to late chloroform poisoning is complete in the first week, very striking during the second and third weeks, and usually disappears during the fourth week of life. Nests of blood-forming cells (blood islands) are numerous in the sinuses of the liver during the first week and normally become progressively less numerous each week until the liver is almost free from these cells at the end of the fourth week of life. It is considered possible that these leucocytes in the blood islands protect the liver against the specific action of a known poison (chloroform). The mechanism of this hypothetical protective action is not understood, but it may consist of a process of neutralization. Perhaps this protective action against poisons is an important part of the functions of white blood cells and may bear an important relationship to the process of inflammation.
Prevention of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Arthur E. Baue
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The Consensus Conference statement in this issue ofThe Journal 1 provides a valuable review of what is known about the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and their prevention. It will be interesting for all physicians and is particularly important for those in surgical disciplines. Deep venous thrombosis is common, but serious pulmonary embolism is less frequent, occurs episodically, and tends to be forgotten until a disaster occurs.  The conference identified the high-risk groups and sifted through the voluminous literature on prevention. Concise, definite recommendations are given. It is clear that all high-risk groups should be given prophylaxis. The cost-benefit ratio and problems that would be associated with prophylaxis for all surgical patients were not addressed.  A bibliography was gathered from a MEDLINE search of the literature from January 1984 through January 1986 as part of the consensus process. It does not list many of the classic studies
Most US emergency departments poorly prepared to treat children
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A study of how well prepared US emergency departments are to treat children has shown that only 6% had all the equipment and supplies recommended in 2001 by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) and endorsed by 17 national organisations ( Pediatrics 2007;120:1229-37).

The study was based on a questionnaire and follow-ups posted in 2003 to the medical directors of 5144 emergency departments; 1489 useable surveys were returned. The survey questions were weighted by an expert panel, which judged the importance of various criteria of paediatric care. The results were presented on …
People with depression are more likely to commit violent crime, study concludes
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2015)

People with depression are three times as likely to commit violent crime as are members of the general population, a new study concludes.

A team led by Seena Fazel of Oxford University linked Swedish health and crime databases to try to establish a link between cases of depression and crimes of violence. The threefold increase (odds ratio 3.0 (95% confidence interval 2.8 to 3.3) took account of possible confounding factors, but as a check the team also compared depressed people with their own non-depressed siblings. This produced a smaller odds ratio of 2.1 (1.8 to 2.4).1

The study, published in Lancet Psychiatry, also showed that depression scores were linked to an increasing risk of violence: the more …
Abstract 217: Salinomycin have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on ovarian cancer stem-like cell
Authors: So-Jin Shin, Jin-Young Kim, Hyun-Gyo Lee, Eun-Ji Nam, Chi-Heum Cho
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation of undifferentiated tumorigenic cells responsible for tumor initiation, maintenance, drug resistance and metastasis of tumors. CSCs involved in drug resistance and relapse of cancers can significantly affect ovarian cancer therapy. The antibiotics salinomycin has recently been shown to be a potent compound to deplete chemoresistant cells in adenocarcinoma. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of salinomycin on ovarian CSC whereby salinomycin mono-and combination treatment with paclitaxol regimend were analyzed. METHODS: The CD44+CD117+CSCs were isolated from the primary ovarian cancer cells derived from ascites fluids of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer by using immune magnetic-activated cell sorting system. To evaluate the effect of salinomycin on ovarian CSC, cells were treated in single and combined treatment. The expression was Nanog, Oct3/4, Sox2 and ABCG2 mRNA was determined by RT-PCR and protein expression was detected by Western blot analysis. The cell viability assay, gelatin zymography and apoptosis assay were applied to evaluate the effects of salinomycin compared with parental tumor cells and CSCs. RESULTS: The combination of salinomycin with paclitaxel (PTX) was enhanced change cell viability or activating apoptosis in CD44+CD117+ cells, whereas the salinomycin monotreatment did not cause significant changes. Salinomycin treatment reduced stemness gene expression and suppressed invasion of CSCs. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, we concluded that anti-cancer effect of salinomycin with PTX reduced stemness and induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer and cancer stem cells. Citation Format: So-Jin Shin, Jin-Young Kim, Hyun-Gyo Lee, Eun-Ji Nam, Chi-Heum Cho. Salinomycin have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on ovarian cancer stem-like cell. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 217. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-217
Human Rabies Transmission: The Substitution of Sense for Panic
Authors: Gerard Marder
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  In regard to the article about recommendations for human rabies exposure prophylaxis, I applaud the efforts of Dr Remington et al 1 to substitute some sense for the panic that so often occurs with reference to rabies prophylaxis after exposure to a human case.  It brings to mind the time when I was an intern in pediatrics at Duke Medical Center, Durham, NC, in 1954. A boy was brought in by his mother. Rabies was suspected. He had been bitten in the chest by a stray dog several weeks before. The dog was not found and the boy did not receive antirabies treatment. He was placed in isolation and assigned to me as a patient. I collected both the spinal fluid and saliva and was sure that I got some of the spinal fluid on my hands; I was not sure about the saliva.  Mouse inoculation of
Up-regulation of asparagine synthetase expression is not linked to the clinical response l-asparaginase in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Inge M. Appel, Monique L. den Boer, Jules P. P. Meijerink, Anjo J. P. Veerman, Nathalie C. M. Reniers, Rob Pieters
Journal: Blood (2006)
Complications of Silicone Elastomer Prostheses-Reply
Authors: Adrian J. Christie
Journal: JAMA (1977)

We believe that we carefully avoided any speculation about the frequency of the reported complications of silicone elastomer finger joint prostheses. We did point out the previous report of silicone particles in synovial tissue reported by Aptekar (<i>Clin Orthop</i>98:231-232, 1974). In addition, we have now analyzed a lymph node of another patient with rheumatoid arthritis who had had Swanson silicone elastomer finger joint prostheses inserted and, again, have discovered silicone particles within the lymph node. This case was referred to us by Marven Oxley, MD. We presume that these complications are rare; however, no one has systematically looked for them. We believe it is fair to point out that the appropriateness of Swanson silicone elastomer prostheses in rheumatoid arthritis is not dogma and that it is proper to consider all possible complications when faced with a clinical decision.