tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diabetes insipidus and panhypopituitarism after pituitary infarction in a case of acromegaly.
Authors: M R Brooks, P H Baylis, D A Heath
Journal: BMJ (1977)

charged down the sink, and the test tube rinsed under the tap.This test was, on almost every occasion, performed by the nursing staff.Twenty-two specimens of faeces were examined.Three contained intes- tinal pathogens-S montevideo, Shigella sonnei, and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.The faeces were tested by the method described by Kerry and Anderson.After the effervescence had subsided, the contents were plated on to blood agar and MacConkey's medium and inoculated into double strength MacConkey broth and Robertson's cooked meat broth.After overnight incubation the broths were plated on to solid media.Faecal organisms-that is, S montevideo, Klebsiella sp,
Telemonitoring or structured telephone support programmes for patients with chronic heart failure: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Robyn A Clark, Sally C Inglis, Finlay A McAlister, John G F Cleland, Simon Stewart
Journal: BMJ (2007)

To determine whether remote monitoring (structured telephone support or telemonitoring) without regular clinic or home visits improves outcomes for patients with chronic heart failure.15 electronic databases, hand searches of previous studies, and contact with authors and experts.Two investigators independently screened the results.Published randomised controlled trials comparing remote monitoring programmes with usual care in patients with chronic heart failure managed within the community.14 randomised controlled trials (4264 patients) of remote monitoring met the inclusion criteria: four evaluated telemonitoring, nine evaluated structured telephone support, and one evaluated both. Remote monitoring programmes reduced the rates of admission to hospital for chronic heart failure by 21% (95% confidence interval 11% to 31%) and all cause mortality by 20% (8% to 31%); of the six trials evaluating health related quality of life three reported significant benefits with remote monitoring, and of the four studies examining healthcare costs with structured telephone support three reported reduced cost and one no effect.Programmes for chronic heart failure that include remote monitoring have a positive effect on clinical outcomes in community dwelling patients with chronic heart failure.
Normal Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells: The Niche Matters
Authors: Linheng Li, William B. Neaves
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Scientists have tried for decades to understand cancer development in the context of therapeutic strategies. The realization that cancers may rely on “cancer stem cells” that share the self-renewal feature of normal stem cells has changed the perspective with regard to new approaches for treating the disease. In this review, we propose that one of the differences between normal stem cells and cancer stem cells is their degree of dependence on the stem cell niche, a specialized microenvironment in which stem cells reside. The stem cell niche in adult somatic tissues plays an essential role in maintaining stem cells or preventing tumorigenesis by providing primarily inhibitory signals for both proliferation and differentiation. However, the niche also provides transient signals for stem cell division to support ongoing tissue regeneration. The balance between proliferation-inhibiting and proliferation-promoting signals is the key to homeostatic regulation of stem cell maintenance versus tissue regeneration. Loss of the niche can lead to loss of stem cells, indicating the reliance of stem cells on niche signals. Therefore, cancer stem cells may arise from an intrinsic mutation, leading to self-sufficient cell proliferation, and/or may also involve deregulation or alteration of the niche by dominant proliferation-promoting signals. Furthermore, the molecular machinery used by normal stem cells for homing to or mobilizing from the niche may be “hijacked” by cancer stem cells for invasion and metastasis. We hope this examination of the interaction between stem cells and their niche will enhance understanding of the process of cancer development, invasiveness, and metastasis and reveal possible targets for cancer treatment. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(9): 4553-7)
TCT-605 Different Clinical and Angiographic Characteristics according to Vessel Size in Patients undergoing Acetylcholine Provocation Test
Authors: Se Yeon Choi, Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Yoonjee Park, Ji Young Park, Raghavender Goud Akkala, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Sung Il Im, Jin oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Conference Report: Minarets and microchips: the BMA in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: L. Beecham, T. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Welcome to my kingdom," said the smiling gardener, leaning over the wall of the national mosque.On the very first day Malaysian hospitality proved itself to be outgoing and friendly.But why Kuala Lumpur?When the venue for the 1987 BMA Congress was announced some British doctors seemed puzzled.Why should a postgraduate clinical meeting be held in a far away country of which they knew little?We put the question to Dr John Marks, the chairman of council.There were several good reasons, he explained.Most BMA overseas meetings are held in collaboration with medical associations that were formerly overseas branches of the BMA.Now that-as with the Malaysian Medical Association-they are independent associations in sovereign states the joint meetings help to maintain the old ties and create new ones.Furthermore, the BMA members who attend these meetings enjoy them-many come year after year.The Kuala Lumpur meeting from 12 to 16 October had 700 doctors and friends from Britain, Hong Kong, India, Australia, and the United States.Overseas meetings are self supporting financially-no cost to the The Malaysian Minister of Health, Mr Chan Siang BMA-and because they are big and successful they attract top class
Breaches of safety regulations are probable cause of recent SARS outbreak, WHO says
Authors: Jane Parry
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The World Health Organization has confirmed that breaches of safety procedures on at least two occasions at one of Beijing's top virology laboratories were the probable cause of the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) there last month, which infected nine people, one of whom died.

However, initial fears that the outbreak would spread as a result of the surge in travel during the “golden week” holiday at the beginning of May seem to have been unfounded.

“Obviously golden week was a big concern, as millions of people were on the move,” said Dr Julie Hall, WHO's coordinator in China of communicable disease surveillance and response. “But once …
The Selected Papers of Margaret Sanger, Volume 1: The Woman Rebel, 1900-1928
Authors: J. B. Litoff
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The use of SPECT in preoperative assessment of patients with lung cancer
Authors: D.B. Piai, R. Quagliatto, I. Toro, C. Cunha Neto, E. Etchbehere, E. Camargo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

Perfusion scintigraphy is the most frequently used method for the regional assessment of pulmonary function in candidates for pulmonary resection with borderline respiratory function. This method provides two-dimensional images, and it considers all the segments of the pulmonary lobes as having the same volume and function, without considering the spatial overlapping of pulmonary areas with different function. As single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides tomographic imaging, this could be a more precise method for regional assessment. In this study, the postoperative predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) (FEV 1,ppo ) was calculated in 26 patients with lung cancer using FEV 1 , quantitative lung perfusion scan with planar acquisition (PA) and quantitative lung perfusion scan with tomographic imaging (SPECT). The estimated FEV 1,ppo values obtained using both methods were compared with FEV 1 values measured after surgery (mean: 48±44 days; range: 15–180 days; median: 32 days). The Pearson's linear correlation coefficient was 0.8840 for FEV 1,ppo estimated by PA and 0.8791 for FEV 1,ppo estimated by SPECT. The linear correlation coefficient for lobectomy was greater than the coefficient for pneumonectomy using both methods. In conclusion, both methods show good correlation for real postoperative pulmonary function without demonstrating single-photon emission computed tomography superiority over planar acquisition, and both methods were more effective for estimating postoperative predicted forced expiratory volume in one second in lobectomies than in pneumonectomies.
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction, total mortality, and sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction treated with n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Alejandro Macchia, Giacomo Levantesi, Maria Grazia Franzosi, Enrico Geraci, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, RosaMaria Marfisi, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Carlo Schweiger, Luigi Tavazzi, Gianni Tognoni, Franco Valagussa, Roberto Marchioli
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2005)
Murine hepatic stellate cells veto CD8 T cell activation by a CD54-dependent mechanism
Authors: Frank A. Schildberg, Alexandra Wojtalla, Sören V. Siegmund, Elmar Endl, Linda Diehl, Zeinab Abdullah, Christian Kurts, Percy A. Knolle
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Abstract: The liver has a role in T cell tolerance induction, which is mainly achieved through the functions of tolerogenic hepatic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and regulatory T cells. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are known to have various immune functions, which range from immunogenic antigen presentation to the induction of T cell apoptosis. Here we report a novel role for stellate cells in vetoing the priming of naive CD8 T cells. Murine and human HSCs and stromal cells (but not hepatocytes) prevented the activation of naive T cells by dendritic cells, artificial APCs, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin by a cell contact–dependent mechanism. The veto function for inhibiting T cell activation was directly correlated with the activation state of HSCs and was most pronounced in HSCs from fibrotic livers. Mechanistically, high expression levels of CD54 simultaneously restricted the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor and IL-2 in T cells, and this was responsible for the inhibitory effect because exogenous IL-2 overcame the HSC veto function. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a novel function of HSCs in the local skewing of immune responses in the liver through the prevention of local stimulation of naive T cells. These results not only indicate a beneficial role in hepatic fibrosis, for which increased CD54 expression on HSCs could attenuate further T cell activation, but also identify IL-2 as a key cytokine in mediating local T cell immunity to overcome hepatic tolerance. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;)
A numerical model of early diastolic filling: importance of intraventricular pressure wave propagation
Authors: A Owen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: The aim was to clarify the mechanism of the following observations: (1) left ventricular pressure recordings during diastole have shown that the minimum pressure at the base is greater than that at the apex; (2) echocardiographic measurements of the short axis dimension of the left ventricle during early filling have shown that the maximum rate of increase at the base occurs before that at mid-cavity. These observations cannot be explained on the basis of simple pressure-volume relationships and suggest that diastolic haemodynamics are more complex. Methods: A numerical (computer) model of early diastolic filling was developed. The model represents the atrium and ventricle as distensible cylinders connected by a valve. Parameters in the model such as ventricular stiffness and rate and duration of relaxation can be varied and the resulting haemodynamic changes observed. Results: Despite the simplicity of the model and the omission of several physiological variables, intracavity pressure gradients and the phase relation of radial wall movements are generated that appear to be similar to those found in the human heart. Conclusions: The results suggest that these observations can be explained by inflow causing a pressure disturbance at the base which propagates to the apex, and which is reflected back to the base. The time between peak rate of change of short axis dimension at the base and mid-cavity may thus be a practical way of assessing diastolic function independently of loading conditions. These values can easily be measured by M mode echocardiography. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:255-261
Advances in locating lymph nodes by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle marking
Authors: G. Baltogiannis, C. Katsios, D. Roukos
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

In the pretreatment setting for upper gastrointestinal tumors, locating lymph nodes and accurate diagnosis of their status is still a challenge. Despite progress with modern imaging technologies, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and positron emission tomography (PET), as well as sentinel lymph node biopsy, no method has been established that accurately predicts node location and status. The development of such a method may have clinical implications for decision-making about the selection of optimal treatment.
THE CARCINOGENIC EFFECT OF A PAPILLOMA VIRUS ON THE TARRED SKIN OF RABBITS
Authors: John G. Kidd, Peyton Rous
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

A considerable variety of tumors, both benign and malignant, result from the localization of the rabbit papilloma virus in skin which has been prepared by repeated tarrings. They appear only in individuals highly susceptible to the action of the virus, and are more likely to be engendered by highly pathogenic inocula. No evidence has been found that differences in the potentialities of the virus entities are responsible for the diversity of the growths. This is referable to changes in the epidermal cells; and much more preliminary tarring is required to produce these changes than suffices to cause localization of the virus out of the blood stream with a resulting papillomatosis of the ordinary sort. The character of the individual anomalous tumors depends in some degree upon the extent of the preparatory changes in the cells, malignant growths being more frequent when the epidermis has been tarred for a relatively long period. All are focal or punctate in origin, and they exhibit their peculiar characters from the first, none being due to secondary alterations in ordinary papillomas. Tarring after the virus has localized in the epidermis does not significantly increase their number. They are the outcome of the state of the cells at the time of virus infection. Tarring exerts important influences in addition to changing the cells in such a way that unusual tumors result from the action of the virus. The procedure is notably effective in determining localization of the virus out of the blood stream; enables it to produce growths when otherwise it would not do so though present in the tarred skin; stimulates the proliferation of the tumors engendered; makes them disorderly and aggressive; and hastens the anaplasia of such of them as are malignant. It has similar effects upon the tar tumors, as will be demonstrated in a subsequent paper.
l-Carnitine l-tartrate supplementation favorably affects biochemical markers of recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women
Authors: Jen-Yu Ho, William J. Kraemer, Jeff S. Volek, Maren S. Fragala, Gwendolyn A. Thomas, Courtenay Dunn-Lewis, Michael Coday, Keijo Häkkinen, Carl M. Maresh
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
The Risks of Sickle-Cell Trait
Authors: Louis W. Sullivan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

For many decades, it has been well known that sickle cell anemia is due to the homozygous inheritance of a hemoglobin variant (hemoglobin S) rather than hemoglobin A in the red cells. Sickle cell anemia is associated with a wide array of complications, including recurrent painful episodes ("crises") affecting almost every part of the body, thromboembolic phenomena, recurrent infections, and a shortened life expectancy.1 Sickle hemoglobin is a spectacular example of the effect that a single point mutation can exert. Sickle hemoglobin is the result of the substitution of valine for glutamic acid at position 6 on the beta-chain of . . .
Infliximab (chimeric anti-tumour necrosis factor α monoclonal antibody) versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving concomitant methotrexate: a randomised phase III trial
Authors: Ravinder Maini, E William St Clair, Ferdinand Breedveld, Daniel Furst, Joachim Kalden, Michael Weisman, Josef Smolen, Paul Emery, Gregory Harriman, Marc Feldmann, Peter Lipsky
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Outcomes of inpatients with and without sickle cell disease after high‐volume surgical procedures
Authors: Michaela A. Dinan, Chia‐Hung Chou, Bradley G. Hammill, Felicia L. Graham, Kevin A. Schulman, Marilyn J. Telen, Shelby D. Reed
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

In this study, we examined differences in inpatient costs, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality between hospitalizations for patients with and without sickle cell disease (SCD) undergoing high-volume surgical procedures. We used Clinical Classification Software (CCS) codes to identify discharges in the 2002-2005 Nationwide Inpatient Sample of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project for patients who had undergone either cholecystectomy or hip replacement. We limited the non-SCD cohort to hospitals where patients with SCD had undergone the same procedure. We compared inpatient outcomes using summary statistics and generalized linear regression analysis to adjust for patient, hospital, and procedural characteristics. Overall, the median age of surgical patients with SCD was more than three decades less than the median age of patients without SCD undergoing the same procedure. In recognition of the age disparity, we limited the analyses to patients aged 18 to 64 years. Nonetheless, patients with SCD undergoing cholecystectomy or hip replacement were 12.1 and 14.4 years younger, had inpatient stays that were 73% and 82% longer, and incurred costs that were 46% and 40% higher per discharge than patients without SCD, respectively. Inpatient mortality for these procedures was low, approximately 0.6% for cholecystectomy and 0.2% for hip replacement and did not differ significantly between patients with and without SCD. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that higher inpatient costs among patients with SCD were primarily attributable to longer hospital stays. Patients with SCD who underwent cholecystectomy or hip replacement required more health care resources than patients without SCD. Am. J. Hematol. 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
628 AUTOANTIBODIES AGAINST CYTOCHROME P4502E1 (CYP2E1) CONFORMATIONAL ANTIGENS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: S. Sutti, M. Vidali, G. Occhino, A. Ivaldi, E. Potettu, R. Serino, S. Moia, C. Rigamonti, M. Sartori, E. Albano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Play Therapy in the Treatment of Hebephrenia
Authors: Wayne C. Hudson
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1975)

This paper has attempted to outline a multiple technique therapy designed for the treatment of hebephrenia. The first phase of the technique utilizes play therapy, followed by an interchange of therapist and patient's drawings, and finally, analytic psychotherapy. These three phases may be characterized, respectively, as expressive, expressive-communicative, and communicative.
Clonal Expansion of Secondary Mitochondrial DNA Deletions Associated With Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 28
Authors: Gráinne S. Gorman, Gerald Pfeffer, Helen Griffin, Emma L. Blakely, Marzena Kurzawa-Akanbi, Jessica Gabriel, Kamil Sitarz, Mark Roberts, Benedikt Schoser, Angela Pyle, Andrew M. Schaefer, Robert McFarland, Douglass M. Turnbull, Rita Horvath, Patrick F. Chinnery, Robert W. Taylor
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) is a common feature in adults with mitochondrial (mt) DNA maintenance disorders associated with somatic mtDNA deletions in muscle, yet the causal genetic defect in many patients remains undetermined.Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel, heterozygous p.(Gly671Trp) mutation in the AFG3L2 gene encoding an mt protease--previously associated with dominant spinocerebellar ataxia type 28 disease--in a patient with indolent ataxia and PEO. Targeted analysis of a larger, genetically undetermined cohort of patients with PEO with suspected mtDNA maintenance abnormalities identified a second unrelated patient with a similar phenotype and a novel, heterozygous p.(Tyr689His) AFG3L2 mutation. Analysis of patient fibroblasts revealed mt fragmentation and decreased AFG3L2 transcript expression. Western blotting of patient fibroblast and muscle showed decreased AFG3L2 protein levels.Our observations suggest that AFG3L2 mutations are another important cause, albeit rare, of a late-onset ataxic PEO phenotype due to a disturbance of mtDNA maintenance.
Non-specificity of surfactant deficiency in neonatal respiratory disorders.
Authors: D K James, M L Chiswick, A Harkes, M Williams, J Hallworth
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The phospholipid content of lung fluid taken from 77 babies during the first day of life was studied. Babies with hyaline membrane disease had low concentrations of the surfactant phospholipids phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylglycerol. The palmitic acid content in phosphatidylcholine was also lower than normal. Surfactant deficiency was not, however, specific for hyaline membrane disease, as similar phospholipid abnormalities were observed in babies with congenital pneumonia and transient tachypnoea of the newborn. These findings have important clinical implications. They are relevant to research into surfactant substitution and cast doubts on the value of the antenatal phospholipid lung profile of amniotic fluid in predicting the risk of hyaline membrane disease.
[134] HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1 ALPHA (HIF1) SENSES RAPID HEPATIC OXYGEN DROPS BUT NOT LIVER HYPOXIA IN GENERAL DUE TO AN ADAPTIVE AUTO-LOOP WITH PROLYL HYDROXYLASE 2
Authors: G. Millonig, S. Hegedusch, L. Becker, D. Schuppan, S. Mueller
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)