tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tumor MMP-1 Activates Endothelial PAR1 to Facilitate Vascular Intravasation and Metastatic Dissemination
Authors: Anna Juncker-Jensen, Elena I. Deryugina, Ivo Rimann, Ewa Zajac, Tatyana A. Kupriyanova, Lars H. Engelholm, James P. Quigley
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Intravasation, the active entry of primary tumor cells into the vasculature, remains the least studied step in the metastatic cascade. Protease-mediated escape and stromal invasion of tumor cells represent widely accepted processes leading up to the intravasation step. However, molecular factors that contribute directly to tumor cell vascular penetration have not been identified. In this study, the in vivo role of the collagenolytic protease, MMP-1, in cancer cell intravasation and metastasis was analyzed by using a highly disseminating variant of human HEp3 epidermoid carcinoma, HEp3-hi/diss. Although naturally acquired or experimentally induced MMP-1 deficiency substantially suppressed HEp3-hi/diss intravasation, supplementation of recombinant MMP-1 to MMP-1-silenced primary tumors restored their impaired vascular dissemination. Surprisingly, abrogation of MMP-1 production and activity did not significantly affect HEp3-hi/diss migration or matrix invasion, suggesting noncollagenolytic mechanisms underlying MMP-1-dependent cell intravasation. In support of such noncollagenolytic mechanisms, MMP-1 silencing in HEp3-hi/diss cells modulated the microarchitecture and integrity of the angiogenic vasculature in a novel microtumor model. Concomitantly, MMP-1 deficiency led to decreased levels of intratumoral vascular permeability, tumor cell intravasation, and metastatic dissemination. Taking advantage of PAR1 deficiency of HEp3-hi/diss cells, we further show that endothelial PAR1 is a putative nontumor-cell/nonmatrix target, activation of which by carcinoma-produced MMP-1 regulates endothelial permeability and transendothelial migration. The inhibitory effects of specific PAR1 antagonists in live animals have also indicated that the mechanisms of MMP-1-dependent vascular permeability in tumors involve endothelial PAR1 activation. Together, our findings mechanistically underscore the contribution of a tumor MMP-1/endothelial PAR1 axis to actual intravasation events manifested by aggressive carcinoma cells.
TRANSFUSION DONORS AS SOURCES OF IMMUNE SERUM FOR TREATMENT OF POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: HAROLD K. FABER
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Since human immune serum is the only available substance having a generally recognized specific therapeutic effect in poliomyelitis, and since to be effective it must be used early in the disease, it is of the greatest importance that adequate supplies of serum, preferably of known neutralizing value, be on hand, or at least that potential donors of such serum be quickly available. Every one who has dealt with the problem in the presence of an epidemic is familiar with the considerable difficulties in satisfactorily solving it. The majority of cases of poliomyelitis occur in children, many of them so young that only small amounts of blood can be obtained from each even as late as two years after convalescence. Hence, as a rule where pools of convalescent serum are kept on hand they are made up of small samples from various sources. As the basis for such practice it is
Effects of Ile164 Polymorphism of Beta2-Adrenergic Receptor Gene on Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Federico Piscione, Guido Iaccarino, Gennaro Galasso, Ersilia Cipolletta, Maria Assunta Rao, Gregorio Brevetti, Raffaele Piccolo, Bruno Trimarco, Massimo Chiariello
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Current Trends in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Authors: Arthur L. Watkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

IN the last article of this series of progress reports on physical medicine and rehabilitation it was pointed out that there was a fundamental need for further education of physicians and of the public in aims and possible accomplishments of physical medicine and rehabilitation. To accomplish the desired results the acute need for trained physicians and technical personnel in this specialty had to be met, and facilities available needed expansion. In particular, it was advocated that new rehabilitation centers be established.1 Although the deficiencies cited two years ago obtained particularly in New England, similar needs are felt in most states. . . .
Current Challenges to Academic Health Centers
Authors: Victor R. Fuchs
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A REPORT ON PNEUMOCOCCUS INOCULATION IN NEW YORK STATE INSTITUTIONS
Authors: G. W. McCOY
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The purpose of this paper is to record the results of a study of the practical value of prophylactic inoculation against pneumonia among the inmates of certain New York State institutions, a study which was conducted jointly by the Hygienic Laboratory of the United States Public Health Service and the Division of Laboratories and Research of the New York State Department of Health. <h3>PNEUMOCOCCUS INFECTION AND PNEUMOCOCCUS IMMUNITY</h3> In order to interpret the significance of the results of any practical study of the prophylactic value of pneumococcus vaccine, it is necessary to have clearly in mind the more recent advances in our knowledge of the fundamental conditions underlying the development of the disease—that is, pneumococcus infection and pneumococcus immunity. The experimental study of pneumonia in animals<sup>1</sup>has demonstrated the fact that the very susceptible laboratory animals develop characteristic processes only when partially immunized. The extent of the pneumonic lesion
HIV-1 Superinfection — A Word of Caution
Authors: Philip J.R. Goulder, Bruce D. Walker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is typically associated with an influenza-like syndrome, with levels of virus in the bloodstream during the initial symptomatic period typically in excess of 10 million particles per milliliter.1 These acute symptoms usually resolve within one to two weeks, and there is a gradual reduction in viremia to a mean of about 30,000 particles per milliliter one year after infection.2 This dramatic drop in viremia is thought to be due to the induction of partially effective immune responses against the virus, although without treatment, viremia slowly rises over time. The conclusion that the . . .
Chilaiditi Sign Appearing as a Liver Lesion on FDG PET
Authors: Suat-Jin Lu, Lankanath Alwis, Kottekkattu Balan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A clear understanding of normal physiological distribution of the radiopharmaceutical, commonly encountered normal variants, and benign pathologic uptake is important to avoid mistaken diagnosis on an F-18 FDG PET scan. The distribution of FDG in the bowel is variable and may occasionally lead to diagnostic pitfalls. Chilaiditi sign is a well-known anatomic variant and describes the interposition of bowel between the liver and diaphragm. The authors present a case where an apparent abnormality in the liver on an FDG PET only study was proven to be due to bowel activity related to Chilaiditi sign on CT correlation.
Plasma concentrations of asymmetric-dimethyl-arginine in type 2 diabetes associate with glycemic control and glomerular filtration rate but not with risk factors of vasculopathy
Authors: Hannu Päivä, Terho Lehtimäki, Juha Laakso, Inkeri Ruokonen, Vappu Rantalaiho, Ole Wirta, Amos Pasternack, Reijo Laaksonen
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
Guidelines for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Assessment of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Procedures (Subcommittee on Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty).
Authors: T J Ryan, D P Faxon, R M Gunnar, J W Kennedy, S B King, F D Loop, K L Peterson, T J Reeves, D O Williams, W L Winters
Journal: Circulation (1988)
Ragweed Or Dust Mite Antigen-Stimulated Human Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cells Differentially Express Cytokines In Response To Formoterol Or Mometasone Or Their Combination
Authors: Anthony Szema, Sayyed Hamidi, Ken-Ichi Takemaru, Marianne Frieri
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
In vivo expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor via gene transfer prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced lung neutrophil infiltration and injury by a beta2 integrin-dependent mechanism.
Authors: M Y Zhou, S K Lo, M Bergenfeldt, C Tiruppathi, A Jaffe, N Xu, A B Malik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The binding of beta2 (CD18) integrins on PMN cell membrane to intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) counter-receptors on the surface of vascular endothelial cells mediates PMN adhesion to endothelial cells. Neutrophil inhibitory factor (NIF), a 41-kD glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum), is a beta2 integrin antagonist that inhibits PMN adhesion to endothelial cells. We transferred the NIF gene into CD1 mouse lungs by intravenous injection of cationic liposomes to study the effects of in vivo NIF expression on LPS-induced lung PMN sequestration and the development of lung injury. RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis indicated the lung-selective expression of the NIF transgene, and immunocytochemistry showed prominent NIF expression in pulmonary microvessel endothelial cells. NIF staining was also observed in intraluminal leukocytes present in pulmonary microvessels. This may be the result of NIF binding to leukocytes after its secretion from the transduced lung cells, since there was no evidence of NIF gene expression in circulating leukocytes. Pulmonary vascular NIF expression abrogated the lung tissue PMN uptake and airspace migration of PMN and prevented lung vascular injury (as measured by the lung tissue uptake of [125I]labeled albumin) after the intraperitoneal LPS challenge (200 microg/mouse). Expression of a control protein, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), by the same strategy, had no effect on these responses. In vitro studies showed that NIF prevented mouse PMN adhesion consistent with the inhibition of lung uptake after LPS challenge in NIF transgene-expressing mice. We conclude that pulmonary vascular expression of NIF, a specific beta2 integrin- binding protein, is a potentially useful gene transfer strategy in modulating the infiltration of PMN across the alveolar-capillary epithelial barrier and in preventing lung vascular endothelial injury.
Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity in Disorders of the Pulmonary Circulation
Authors: J. H. BURGESS
Journal: Circulation (1974)

The pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was measured by single breath (DcoSB) and steady state (DcoSS) techniques in 48 patients with various pulmonary circulatory disorders and the results compared with the type of hemodynamic abnormality. Patients with pure inflow obstruction (primary pulmonary hypertension, recurrent pulmonary emboli) had the lowest Dco (mean DcoSB = 14.3 ml/min/mm Hg [59%], mean DcoSS = 9.0 ml/min/mm Hg [58%]). Patients with inflow and outflow obstruction, (valvular heart disease with increased pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR]), had higher values (mean DcoSB = 16.2 [68%], mean DcoSS = 10.2 [65%]). In patients with pure outflow obstruction (valvular heart disease and normal PVR) Dco was normal (means 23.2 [96%] and 14.4 [87%] respectively). Patients with increased pulmonary blood flow (PBF), (left to right shunts), had the highest Dco (means 31.3 [118%] and 16.4 [106%]). There was a reciprocal relationship between Dco and PVR, a low Dco being characteristic of pulmonary inflow obstruction. Patients with increased PBF had lower Dco values than exercising normal subjects with comparable PBF. In patients with pulmonary circulatory abnormalities and no obstructive or restrictive lung disease, Dco is low when inflow obstruction predominates. Dco inceases with the addition of outflow obstruction and is above normal when there is an increased PBF and low PVR.
Combined Use of Computed Tomography Coronary Calcium Scores and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Predicting Cardiovascular Events in Nondiabetic Individuals
Authors: Robert Park, Robert Detrano, Min Xiang, Paul Fu, Youhanna Ibrahim, Laurie LaBree, Stanley Azen
Journal: Circulation (2002)

The South Bay Heart Watch is a prospective cohort study designed to appraise the value of coronary calcium and risk factors for predicting outcomes in asymptomatic adults. Two factors that may be related to subsequent cardiovascular events are coronary calcium (CAC, a manifestation of subclinical atherosclerosis) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP, a measure of chronic inflammation).Between December 1990 and December 1992, 1461 participants without coronary heart disease underwent baseline risk factor screening, computed tomography for CAC, and measurement of CRP. Participants were followed up for 6.4+/-1.3 years. Cox regression analyses were conducted for the 967 nondiabetics with CRP levels < or =10 mg/L to estimate the risk-factor-adjusted relative risks of CAC and CRP for the occurrence of (1) nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) or coronary death and (2) any cardiovascular event (MI, coronary death, coronary revascularization, or stroke). CAC was a predictor of both end points (P<0.005), and CRP was a predictor of any cardiovascular event (P=0.03). Risk group analysis defined by tertiles for CAC (<3.7, 3.7 to 142.1, >142.1) and the 75th percentile for CRP (>4.05 mg/L) indicated that there was increasing risk with increasing calcium and CRP. Relative risks for the medium-calcium/low-CRP risk group to high-calcium/high-CRP risk group ranged from 1.8 to 6.1 for MI/coronary death (P=0.003) and 2.8 to 7.5 for any cardiovascular event (P<0.001).Participants without diabetes and those at intermediate risk may benefit from risk stratification based on high-sensitivity CRP levels and CAC, because both factors contribute independently toward the incidence of cardiovascular events.
Pyothorax-Associated Lymphoma: A Review of 106 Cases
Authors: Shin-ichi Nakatsuka, Masayuki Yao, Yoshihiko Hoshida, Satoru Yamamoto, Keiji Iuchi, Katsuyuki Aozasa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developing in the pleural cavity after a long-standing history of pyothorax. Full details of PAL are provided here.Clinical and pathologic findings were reviewed in 106 patients with PAL collected through a nationwide survey in Japan.Age of the patients with PAL was 46 to 82 years (median, 64 years), with a male/female ratio of 12.3:1. All patients had a 20- to 64-year (median, 37-year) history of pyothorax resulting from artificial pneumothorax for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (80%) or tuberculous pleuritis (17%). The most common symptoms on admission were chest and/or back pain (57%) and fever (43%). Laboratory data showed that the serum neuron-specific enolase level was occasionally elevated (3.55 to 168.7 ng/mL; median, 18.65 ng/mL), suggesting a possible diagnosis of small-cell lung cancer. Histologically, PAL usually showed a diffuse proliferation of large cells of B-cell type (88%). In situ hybridization study showed that PAL in 70% of the patients was Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive. PAL was responsive to chemotherapy, but the overall prognosis was poor, with a 5-year survival of 21.6%.This study established the distinct nature of PAL as a disease entity. PAL is a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of exclusively B-cell phenotype in the pleural cavity of patients with long-standing history of pyothorax, and is strongly associated with EBV infection. Development of PAL is closely related to antecedent chronic inflammatory condition; therefore, PAL should be defined as malignant lymphoma developing in chronic inflammation.
Personality Traits in Miners with Past Occupational Elemental Mercury Exposure
Authors: Darja Kobal Grum, Alfred B. Kobal, Niko Arnerič, Milena Horvat, Bernard Ženko, Sašo Džeroski, Joško Osredkar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

In this study, we evaluated the impact of long-term occupational exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg0) on the personality traits of ex-mercury miners. Study groups included 53 ex-miners previously exposed to Hg0 and 53 age-matched controls. Miners and controls completed the self-reporting Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Emotional States Questionnaire. The relationship between the indices of past occupational exposure and the observed personality traits was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient and on a subgroup level by machine learning methods (regression trees). The ex-mercury miners were intermittently exposed to Hg0 for a period of 7–31 years. The means of exposure-cycle urine mercury (U-Hg) concentrations ranged from 20 to 120 μg/L. The results obtained indicate that ex-miners tend to be more introverted and sincere, more depressive, more rigid in expressing their emotions and are likely to have more negative self-concepts than controls, but no correlations were found with the indices of past occupational exposure. Despite certain limitations, results obtained by the regression tree suggest that higher alcohol consumption per se and long-term intermittent, moderate exposure to Hg0 (exposure cycle mean U-Hg concentrations > 38.7 < 53.5 μg/L) in interaction with alcohol remain a plausible explanation for the depression associated with negative self-concept found in subgroups of ex-mercury miners. This could be one of the reason for the higher risk of suicide among miners of the Idrija Mercury Mine in the last 45 years.
Hepatitis B virus precore/core variation and interferon therapy
Authors: Giovanna Fattovich, Graham McIntyre, Mark Thursz, Kathryn Colman, Giustina Giuliano, Alfredo Alberti, Howard C. Thomas, William F. Carman
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Precore/core genes from hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe) positive individuals with active hepatitis have been analyzed to search for correlations with response to interferon before and after treatment. Pretreatment, no precore stop codon mutants were detected, even at the 3% level, in HBeAg-positive responders or nonresponders. In anti-HBe-positive patients, precore mutants did not influence response. No significant core amino acid variability was observed in HBeAg-positive patients, irrespective of interferon response. However, anti-HBe-positive cases had multiple core protein substitutions, mostly in B- ant T-helper cell epitopes, but responders had fewer (P = .02 for responders versus nonresponders and reactivators). None of four responders, three of seven reactivators, and three of three nonresponders had mutations within the major T-helper epitope from aa50 to aa69 (P = .03). Precore mutants appeared in eight of nine natural seroconverters compared with 3 of 10 interferon-induced anti-HBe seroconverters (P = .01). Those in whom precore wild-type remained after treatment often tested negative in the last available sample using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas emergence of mutants led to ongoing viremia in all cases. In anti-HBe-positive cases, precore sequences remained stable during therapy, except for 2 cases in whom a precore mutant appeared accompanied by reactivation. In the core protein, anti-HBe-positive cases selected a mean of 3.5, 1.6, and 1.7 amino acid substitutions in responders, nonresponders, and reactivators respectively (P = NS). In conclusion, core but not precore sequence before therapy may predict response. Appearance of precore mutants during therapy usually predicts failure to clear virus but substitution in core does not influence outcome.
Transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus with adjustable buttoned device. Initial clinical experience.
Authors: P S Rao, E B Sideris, J Haddad, C Rey, G Hausdorf, A D Wilson, P A Smith, P S Chopra
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Several devices are available for transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus. Most of these devices either require complicated intracardiac maneuvering, have not been tried in humans, or need a large-sized sheath for implantation of the device. METHODS AND RESULTS During a 26-month period ending November 1992, 14 patients underwent transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus with an adjustable buttoned device delivered via a 7F sheath under an institutional review board-approved custom-made device protocol. The children were 15 months to 8 years of age with weight range of 7.2 to 19 kg. The patent ductus arteriosus measured from 2 to 7.5 mm (median, 3 mm) at the narrowest diameter and was conical, short, or tubular. They were occluded with devices measuring 15 to 20 mm. The ratio of pulmonary to systemic flow decreased (P &lt; .01) from 1.9 +/- 0.6 (mean +/- SD; range, 1.3 to 3.2) to 1.05 +/- 0.1 (1 to 1.3). Continuous murmur of patent ductus arteriosus disappeared in all except 1 patient. Small residual shunts were detected by color Doppler studies in 4 of 14 patients (29%). All patients were followed for 1 to 24 months (mean, 6 +/- 7 months). The device was intact in all patients, and no breakage of the wires was noted. No shunts were seen in 12 of 14 patients (86%), and minute residual shunts were seen in 2 children. No major complications were encountered. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus with the adjustable buttoned device is feasible and effective and can be accomplished via small 7F sheaths; a 7F sheath is adequate for all ductal sizes; and the adjustable length of the loop accommodated all types of patent ductus arteriosus. Clinical trials on a larger number of patients are warranted.
Survival in severe congenital heart disease.
Authors: O Scott
Journal: BMJ (1971)

largeness in body, nor no sickness, nor lack of natural functions in those things that properly belong to the procreation of child- ren, but contrarywise, by judgement of physicians that know her estate on those things and by the opinion of women, being most acquainted with her Majesty's body in such things as properly appertain, to show probability of her aptness to have children, even at this day."3If the evidence of this memorandum is accepted, the factors which influenced Elizabeth against marriage were probably political, psychological, and religious, not to mention personal survival, rather than any physical complaint.