tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF DISEASES OF THE STOMACH BY THE STOMACH TUBE.Read in the Section on Practice of Medicine, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: ALFRED W. PERRY
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the stomach, which had been so uncertain, has during the last few years become as satisfactory by the employment of modern means of investigation as that of any important organ. The use of the stomach tube and improved chemic methods of testing the stomach contents dates historically back only about fifteen years, yet it is within the last five or six years become popular. Most disorders of the stomach depend chiefly for their painful symptoms and consecutive disorder of nutrition on fermentations, or abnormal accumulations in quantity or quality of the stomach contents. These fermentations may be the acetic, lactic, butyric, cellulose and others less known, which last produce various lately discovered poisonous alkaloids or so-called ptomaines. In health the so far known conditions for normal gastric digestion are: Gastric juice containing 14 to 24 parts for 1000 of hydrochloric acid; an active
Levels of arachidonic acid and its metabolites in the skin in human allergic and irritant contact dermatitis
Authors: R. M. BARR, S. BRAIN, R. D. R. CAMP, J. CILLIERS, M. W. GREAVES, A. I. MALLET, K. MISCH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Levels of arachidonic acid and its metabolites in the skin in human allergic and irritant contact dermatitis Get access R. M. BARR, R. M. BARR The Wellcome Laboratories for Skin Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London E9 6BX, U.K. R. M. Barr, Professorial Unit, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London E9 6BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. BRAIN, S. BRAIN The Wellcome Laboratories for Skin Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London E9 6BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. D. R. CAMP, R. D. R. CAMP The Wellcome Laboratories for Skin Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London E9 6BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. CILLIERS, J. CILLIERS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. W. GREAVES, M. W. GREAVES The Wellcome Laboratories for Skin Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London E9 6BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. I. MALLET, A. I. MALLET The Wellcome Laboratories for Skin Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London E9 6BX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. MISCH K. MISCH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue 1, 1 July 1984, Pages 23–28, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04012.x Published: 01 July 1984 Article history Accepted: 08 January 1984 Published: 01 July 1984
Bone Density and Vitamin D Intoxication
Authors: John S. Adams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 March 1998Bone Density and Vitamin D IntoxicationJohn S. Adams, MDJohn S. Adams, MDUniversity of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine; Los Angeles, CA 94309Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-6-199803150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Semantics aside, Dr. Sterkel raises some important issues regarding the range of calcium pathophysiology, from symptomless hypercalciuria to complicated hypercalcemia, that can be observed in patients taking too much vitamin D [1]. First, this continuum is described by the degree to which and length of time that the glomerular filtration rate of calcium is increased and normal renal tubular function is maintained. Second, dysregulated calcium balance is supported by the presence of low parathyroid hormone levels, which further diminishes the clearance of filtered calcium. Third, as we documented in our patients, hypercalciuria can occur independently of food (calcium) ...References1. Adams JS. Extrarenal production and action of active vitamin D metabolites in human lymphoproliferative diseases. In: Feldman D, Glorieux FH, Pike JW, eds. Vitamin D. San Diego: Academic Pr; 1997:903-22. Google Scholar2. Cummings SR, Nevitt MC, Browner WS, Stone K, Fox KM, Ensrud KE, et al. Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. N Engl J Med. 1995; 332:767-73. Google Scholar3. Marriott BM. Vitamin D supplementation: a word of caution [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:231-3. Google Scholar4. Holick MF. Environmental factors that influence the cutaneous production of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995; 51:638S-45S. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John S. Adams, MDAffiliations: University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine; Los Angeles, CA 94309 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFat-Soluble Vitamins and Wound HealingEfficacy and safety of vitamin D3 intake exceeding the lowest observed adverse effect level,,Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and safety 15 March 1998Volume 128, Issue 6Page: 508KeywordsBone densityCalciumFoodIntoxicationParathyroid hormoneRecommended dietary allowanceSkeletonSpineVitamin DVitamin D deficiency ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Effects of blocking helper T cell induction in vivo with anti-Ia antibodies. Possible role of I-A/E hybrid molecules as restriction elements.
Authors: J Sprent
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

To examine the role of Ia antigens in controlling T cell activation in vivo, unprimed (CBA X B6)F1 (H-2k X H-2b) T cells were positively selected to sheep erythrocytes (SRC) for 5 d in irradiated F1 mice in the presence of large doses of anti-Iak antibody. With selection in the presence of broad-spectrum anti-Iak antibody (A.TH anti-A.TL antiserum), the activated T cells were markedly reduced in their capacity to collaborate with either B10.BR (I-Ak I-Bk I-Jk I-Ek I-Ck) (kkkkk) or B10.A(4R) (kbbbb) B cells but gave good helper responses with B10 (bbbbb) and (B10 X B10.BR)F1 B cells. Because there was no evidence for suppression, these findings were taken to imply that the anti-Iak antibody bound to Ia determinants on radioresistant macrophagelike cells of F1 host origin and blocked the activation of the IGk-restricted subgroup of F1 T cells but did not affect activation of the Iab-restricted T cell subgroup. Analogous experiments in which F1 T cells were selected to SRC in F1 mice in the presence of monoclonal anti-I-Ak antibody gave different results. In this situation, the reduction in T cell help for Iak-bearing B cells applied to B10.A(4R) B cells but not to B10.BR B cells. With selection of F1 T cells in B10.A(4R) mice, by contrast, anti-I-Ak antibody blocked T cell help for both B10.A(4R) and B10.BR B cells. These data suggested that genes telomeric to the I-A subregion were involved in controlling T cell activation and T-B collaboration. Because no evidence could be found that I-B through I-C determinants per se could act as restrictions elements, the working hypothesis for the data is that Iak-restricted T cells consist of two subgroups of cells: one subgroup is restricted by I-A-encoded molecules, whereas the other is restricted by I-A/E hybrid molecules encoded by two separated genes situated in the I-A and I-E subregions, respectively. The notion that A/E hybrid molecules serve as restriction elements is in line with the findings of other workers that these molecules can act as alloantigens and control responses to certain antigens under double Ir gene control.
Methadone Treatment and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Epidemic
Authors: Vincent P. Dole
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic has scored a near miss on society: the virus could have wiped out New York City as a functioning urban capital if it had been transmissible by the respiratory route. As it is, the problem is bad enough. A single exposure to an infected individual through sexual contact or shared injection equipment can transmit a lethal infection. While the rather special circumstances of transmission may be reassuring to individuals not knowingly involved in risk behavior, the disease can reach innocent victims (sexual partners, babies, recipients of transfusions) and, in any event, will strain the capacity of the health care system during coming years. The Department of Health, New York City, projects more than 40 000 new infections during the next 5 years and a continued rise in incidence after that if present trends continue. Of course, new and better medicines for treatment of the
Results of the AIEOP AML 2002/01 multicenter prospective trial for the treatment of children with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Andrea Pession, Riccardo Masetti, Carmelo Rizzari, Maria Caterina Putti, Fiorina Casale, Franca Fagioli, Matteo Luciani, Luca Lo Nigro, Giuseppe Menna, Concetta Micalizzi, Nicola Santoro, Anna Maria Testi, Marco Zecca, Andrea Biondi, Martina Pigazzi, Sergio Rutella, Roberto Rondelli, Giuseppe Basso, Franco Locatelli
Journal: Blood (2013)
Use of diltiazem in sport.
Authors: H U Richards, M Grocutt, M McCabe
Journal: BMJ (1993)

manifestations of lupus erythematosus resistant to topical steroids and antimalarial drugs.Thalidomide has been reported to be of benefit in subacute cutaneous and chronic discoid lupus erythematosus as well as lupus erythematosus profundus.2AThe mode of action of thalidomide is unclear, although its teratogenicity is well recognised.Care must be taken to monitor for the development of possible peripheral neuropathy.Despite these side effects thalidomide is useful in combating the often disfiguring cutaneous manifestations of lupus erythematosus.
Pain Management for Primary Care Clinicians
Authors: E. Richard Blonsky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes19 October 2004Pain Management for Primary Care CliniciansE. Richard Blonsky, MDE. Richard Blonsky, MDFrom Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-8-200410190-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Lipman AG, ed. 372 pages. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2004. $70.00. ISBN: 1585281026. Order at www.ashp.org.Field of medicine: Pain management.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Primary care physicians, house officers in primary care specialties, and any specialist seeking to understand the pharmacologic, psychological, and rehabilitative approaches to treating pain.Purpose: To provide information needed to identify, assess, and manage the most common types of pain in the primary care setting.Content: The book has 22 chapters, extensive references, and 2 appendixes. There is a succinct comprehensive review of the neurophysiology of pain transmission and modulation. Chapters on ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: E. Richard Blonsky, MDAffiliations: From Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 October 2004Volume 141, Issue 8 Page: 652 Keywords Analgesics Drugs Headaches Opioids Pain management Population statistics Primary care physicians Rheumatoid arthritis Routes of administration Software tools ePublished: 19 October 2004 Issue Published: 19 October 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reply to Matsushita
Authors: N. Sakamoto, K. Beppu, T. Osada, M. Otaka, S. Watanabe
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

We thank Dr Matsushita and his colleagues for their interest in our report. We agree that common mucosal defects remaining after small polypectomy or endoscopic mucosal resection do not necessarily need to be closed. Matsushita points out that in the study by Shioji, clipping does not decrease the occurrence of delayed bleeding. However the number of small safety polypectomy procedures carried out in the study (mean size 7.8 mm, n = 413) was too low for a meaningful statistical analysis to be performed. Determining the efficacy of the prophylactic clip method will require analysis of many more endoscopic treatment cases, including those in high-risk groups.
The Problem of Glioma of the Brain
Authors: G. F. Rowbotham, L. P. Lassman, A. C. Jenkins, M. E. Bousfield
Journal: BMJ (1955)

There tends to be a periodic lack of interest in the study of cerebral gliomata, though these neoplasms continue to inflict their havoc on the health and lives of far too many young and middle-aged people.This paper is therefore aimed at recalling attention to this important subject and reviewing certain facts and conclusions gained from our experience with a consecutive series of 700 patients with neoplasms of the brain, of which 466 were gliomata.Surgical Pathology
Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
Authors: Harvey A Whiteford, Louisa Degenhardt, Jürgen Rehm, Amanda J Baxter, Alize J Ferrari, Holly E Erskine, Fiona J Charlson, Rosana E Norman, Abraham D Flaxman, Nicole Johns, Roy Burstein, Christopher JL Murray, Theo Vos
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Functions of the Nervous System, vol 1: General Physiology Autonomic Functions
Authors: Frederic T. Jung
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This new book represents the first of a scheduled four-volume set, planned to deal with functions of the nervous system of man. The other volumes will deal with motor, sensory, and psychic functions. The present book begins with a comprehensive review of the general physiology of nerve cells, fibers, and connections, with emphasis on electrical phenomena and transmitter substances, but the major portion of the volume then considers functions of the autonomic or visceral system. The prefatory definition of concepts and terms leads to the paradoxical division of the autonomic structures into a peripheral part (the outlying ganglionated trunks, postganglionic fibers, and effectors in smooth muscle and glandular cells) and a central part within the spinal cord and brain (ie, within the central nervous system). Both the peripheral and the central parts of the autonomic system have been studied intensively in recent years, with pharmacologists concentrating especially on the trophotropic
Nerve membrane ion channels as the target site of environmental toxicants.
Authors: T Narahashi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

There are many environmentally important chemicals which exhibit potent effects on the nervous system. Examples include insecticides such as pyrethroids, DDT, cyclodienes, organophosphates and carbamates, and heavy metals such as mercury and lead. Since nerve excitation takes place in a fraction of a second, electrophysiological methods provide us with the most straightforward approach to the study of the mechanisms of action of environmental toxicants on the nervous system. Aquatic animals such as crayfish, lobster, squid, and marine snails represent extremely useful materials for such electrophysiological studies, because much of our knowledge of nerve excitation is derived from those animals. Nerve excitation takes place as a result of opening and closing of ion channels of the membrane. These functions are independent of metabolic energy, and can be measured most effectively by voltage clamp techniques as applied to the giant axons of the crayfish and the squid. Patch clamp techniques developed during the past 10 years have added a new dimension to the electrophysiological investigation. These techniques allow us to measure the activity of individual ion channels, thereby making it possible to analyze the interaction of toxic molecules directly with single ion channels. Examples are given summarizing electrophysiological studies of environmental neurotoxicants. The abdominal nerve cords and neuromuscular preparations isolated from the crayfish are convenient materials for bioassay of certain environmental toxicants such as pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and other insecticides. Detailed voltage clamp and patch clamp analyses have revealed that pyrethroids and DDT modify the sodium channel to remain open for an extended period of time. This change causes an increase in depolarizing afterpotential which reaches the threshold for repetitive discharges to be produced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
No Impact of Lentiviral Transduction on Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Telomere Length or Gene Expression in the Rhesus Macaque Model
Authors: Stephanie E Sellers, Bogdan Dumitriu, Mary J Morgan, William M. Hughes, Colin O Wu, Nalini Raghavarchari, Yanqin Yang, Naoya Uchida, John F Tisdale, Dong S An, Irvin S Chen, Peiman Hematti, Robert E Donahue, Andre LaRochelle, Neal S Young, Rodrigo T Calado, Cynthia E Dunbar
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

The occurrence of clonal perturbations and leukemia in patients transplanted with gamma-retroviral (RV) vector-transduced autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has stimulated extensive investigation, demonstrating that proviral insertions may perturb adjacent proto-oncogene expression. Although enhancer-deleted lentiviruses are less likely to result in insertional oncogenesis, there is evidence that they may perturb transcript splicing, and one patient with a benign clonal expansion of lentivirally transduced HPSC has been reported. The rhesus macaque model provides an opportunity for informative long-term analysis to ask whether transduction impacts on long-term HSPC properties. We used two techniques to examine whether lentivirally transduced HSPCs from eight rhesus macaques transplanted 1-13.5 years previously are perturbed at a population level, comparing telomere length as a measure of replicative history and gene expression profile of vector positive versus vector negative cells. There were no differences in telomere lengths between sorted GFP+ and GFP- blood cells, suggesting that lentiviral (LV) transduction did not globally disrupt replicative patterns. Bone marrow GFP+ and GF- CD34+ cells showed no differences in gene expression using unsupervised and principal component analysis. These studies did not uncover any global long-term perturbation of proliferation, differentiation, or other important functional parameters of transduced HSPCs in the rhesus macaque model.
PURULENT OPHTHALMIA FROM THE STANDPOINT OF ITS SPECIFIC MICROBIO CAUSE;WITH A PLEA FOR A MORE ENERGETIC, RATIONAL, ABORTIVE TREATMENT WHERE POSSIBLE. Read before the Section on Ophthalmology, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association at Milwaukee.
Authors: ALFRED HINDE
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Progress is the watchword of ophthalmology, and we all wish to avail ourselves of the garnered harvest of the bacteriologist, and apply his well ascertained facts to the orbital corner in which we are specially interested. So much ink has been used; so many brains employed for so many years on this threadbare subject of purulent conjunctivitis that it would seem to be an act of supererogation to again ask attention to it. Yet when we consider its vast importance as a frequent cause of blindness, another modest effort to simplify the apparently different conclusions of equally authoritative observers is excusable. Further than a bare hint that the gonococcus occasionally resides in the discharges of an efflorescent purulent ophthalmia, little is<i>usually</i>mentioned of this specific microbio cause in the great mass of contemporaneous literature. It would seem that since Neisser of Breslau, in 1879 discovered this diplococcus, the peculiarities
Low-Energy Laser Irradiation Reduces Formation of Scar Tissue After Myocardial Infarction in Rats and Dogs
Authors: Uri Oron, Tali Yaakobi, Amir Oron, Daniel Mordechovitz, Rona Shofti, Gal Hayam, Uzi Dror, Lior Gepstein, Tamir Wolf, Christian Haudenschild, Shlomo Ben Haim
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Low-energy laser irradiation (LELI) has been found to attenuate various biological processes in tissue culture and experimental animal models. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of LELI on the formation of scar tissue in experimentally induced chronic infarct in rats and dogs.Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in 50 dogs and 26 rats by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. After induction of MI, the laser-irradiated (LI) group received laser irradiation (infrared laser, 803-nm wavelength) epicardially. Control MI-induced non-laser irradiated (NLI) dogs were sham-operated, and laser was not applied. All dogs were euthanized at 5 to 6 weeks after MI. Infarct size was determined by TTC staining and histology. The laser treatment (P:<0.05) lowered mortality significantly, from 30% to 6.5%, after induction of MI. The infarct size in the LI dogs was reduced significantly (P:<0.0001) (52%) compared with NLI dogs. Histological observation of the infarct revealed a typical scar tissue in NLI dogs and cellularity in most of the LI dogs. Only 14+/-3% of the mitochondria in the cardiomyocytes in the ischemic zone (4 hours after MI) of LI MI-induced rats were severely damaged, compared with 36+/-1% in NLI rats. Accordingly, ATP content in that zone was 7.6-fold (significantly) higher in LI than in NLI rats.Our observations indicate that epicardial LELI of rat and dog hearts after chronic MI caused a marked reduction in infarct size, probably due to a cardioprotective effect of the LELI.
AN INTERESTING CASE OF SALIVARY CALCULI
Authors: H. L. Brooks
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Mrs. E. P. R., aged 34, married, housewife, complained chiefly of swelling of the floor of the mouth, especially underneath the tongue. Mastication was painful at times, and there was slight pain at times radiating to the right ear. As a child in school, she remembered slightly of having trouble of a minor nature underneath the tongue, and remembers of having expectorated small seedlike substances that seemed to exude from the under surface of the tongue. Seven years ago she had three lower teeth extracted and about four weeks later she noticed a swelling under the tongue on the right side. It was painful and especially sensitive when she ate anything sour. This gradually subsided after she had worked a little stonelike substance from under the tongue, evidently a calculus. Two years ago the swelling recurred and she consulted her family physician, who, after examining it, decided to
RELATIONSHIP OF ACUTE, HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED ANEMIA WITH IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Adam C. Salisbury, Amit P. Amin, Kimberly J. Reid, Tracy Y. Wang, Frederick A. Masoudi, Paul S. Chan, Karen P. Alexander, Richard G. Bach, John A. Spertus, Mikhail Kosiborod
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)