tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE PROGNOSIS OF PSORIASIS
Authors: RUPERT HALLAM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1934)

Journal Article THE PROGNOSIS OF PSORIASIS Get access RUPERT HALLAM, M.D. RUPERT HALLAM, M.D. Lecturer in Dermatology, The University of Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 46, Issue 5, 1 May 1934, Pages 221–223, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1934.tb10211.x Published: 01 May 1934
Estimation of Cancer Mortality Associated with Repetitive Computed Tomography Scanning
Authors: Pim A. de Jong, John R. Mayo, Kamran Golmohammadi, Yasutaka Nakano, Maarten H. Lequin, Harm A. W. M. Tiddens, John Aldrich, Harvey O. Coxson, Don D. Sin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Low-dose radiation from computed tomography (CT) may increase the risk of certain cancers, especially in children.We sought to estimate the excess all-cause and cancer-specific mortality, which may be associated with repeated CT scanning of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).The radiation dose was calculated for a published CF surveillance CT scanning protocol of biennial CT scans, and the risk per scan was estimated using atom-bomb survivor data. A computational model was developed to calculate the excess mortality in a CF cohort associated with radiation from the CT scan and to evaluate the effects of background survival, scanning interval, and level of CT radiation used. The model assumed that there would be no survival benefits associated with repeated surveillance CT scanning.The average radiation dose for the published CT protocol was 1 mSv. Survival reduction associated with annual scans from age 2 yr until death was approximately 1 mo and 2 yr for CF cohorts, with a median survival of 26 and 50 yr, respectively. Corresponding cumulative cancer mortality was approximately 2 and 13% at age 40 and 65 yr, respectively. Biennial CT scanning reduced all-cause and cumulative cancer mortality by half.Routine lifelong annual CT scans carry a low risk of radiation-induced mortality in CF. However, as the overall survival increases for patients with CF, the risk of radiation-induced mortality may modestly increase. These data indicate that radiation dose must be considered in routine CT imaging strategies for patients with CF, to ensure that benefits outweigh the risks.
The 'S' Quattro--results of treatment in 11 cases of sports injury.
Authors: S Bostock, N R Fahmy, P Nee
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1993)

The 'S' Quattro is a dynamic external fixator which has been designed to treat displaced comminuted intraarticular fractures of the phalanges. This type of fracture is commonly the result of a sports injury. We present a follow-up study of 11 cases.
Quality of Care in Critical Access Hospitals
Authors: R. Fairchild
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Notes on Endemic Goitre in North-East Bengal
Authors: E. E. Waters
Journal: BMJ (1897)

RECENT communications on goitre in the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL have led me to collate the following facts with regard to the occurrence of the disease in the district of Baksa, situated at a height of about 2,000 feet above the sea level.Some two miles away to the south lies the intensely malarious Terai.To the north lie the Eastern Himalayas, on the lower slopes of which Baksa is placed.The soil, according to Hunter's Gazetteer, consists of veget- able mould, gneiss, clay, slate, gravel boulders.conglomerate, soft sandstone, and a little lignite.Limestone is found in considerable quantities in the neighbourhood.The soil is extremely porous, so much so that in the cold season the streams often disappear into the ground for long distances, appearing again lower down.The inhabitants of the district are of two distinct and widely different classes.The permanent inhabitants are Bhutias, a squat, sturdy race of the Mongolian type, who earn their living as coolies to the military station, or by carrying enormously heavy loads of merchandise up the Himalayas into Bhutau.They are omnivorous, and will eat the flesh of an animal which has died from disease; poverty, however, causes a large number of them to be vegetarians.The chief diseases they suffer from are goitre, syphilis, malaria, and
Mechanism and prevention of acute kidney injury from cast nephropathy in a rodent model
Authors: Wei-Zhong Ying, Christopher E. Allen, Lisa M. Curtis, Kristal J. Aaron, Paul W. Sanders
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

A common renal complication of multiple myeloma is "myeloma kidney," a condition also known as cast nephropathy. The renal lesions (casts) are directly related to the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin free light chains (FLCs), which coprecipitate with Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP) in the lumen of the distal nephron, obstructing tubular fluid flow. Here, we report that analysis of the binding interaction between FLCs and THP demonstrates that the secondary structure and key amino acid residues on the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of FLCs are critically important determinants of the molecular interaction with THP. The findings permitted development of a cyclized competitor peptide that demonstrated strong inhibitory capability in the binding of FLCs to THP in vitro. When used in a rodent model of cast nephropathy, this cyclized peptide construct served as an effective inhibitor of intraluminal cast formation and prevented the functional manifestations of acute kidney injury in vivo. These experiments provide proof of concept that intraluminal cast formation is integrally involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury from cast nephropathy. Further, the data support a clinically relevant approach to the management of renal failure in the setting of multiple myeloma.
Gagging for it
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (2009)

First, the good news on transparency. Drug company Merck is following Eli Lilly’s lead by publishing details of fees paid to experts for speaking on behalf of the company or its products (doi:10.1136/bmj.b4409). GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer have promised to follow suit. If drug companies were also to publish details of grants made to patient groups, along with the raw data from their research studies, then truly we would have entered a golden age.

The bad news on transparency is that certain NHS trusts’ idea of a golden age is one where tongues can be ripped out and mouths stitched up. Jonathan Gornall documents the …
Chances of Survival in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: R. Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1948)

additional nursing staff is coming from.The best use must be made of our limited resources.Much can be achieved by the efficient organization of tuberculosis arrangements at both regional and hospital level.And it would help immediately and enormously if every large general hospital, both teaching and non-teaching, could be induced to open a male and a female tuberculosis ward.No big hospital can avoid having odd cases of phthisis passing through its wards.Better by far to nurse these in wards properly organized for the purpose and thus reduce the chances of infection of staff and possibly other patients.The training of nurses and of medical students would benefit, and the great increase in the total number of beds available for the disease would go far towards solving this grave problem.-I am, etc.,
Herpes Simplex Virus Type I From a Patient With Radiculoneuropathy
Authors: Robert E. Morrison
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Herpes simplex virus type I was isolated from the CSF of a patient with atypical lumbosacral pain. The features of this case are unusual and important in light of the current understanding of herpes-simplex-virus-associated neurological disease. (<i>JAMA</i>241:393-394, 1979)
Assessment of Radiofrequency Ablation Lesions by CMR Imaging After Ablation of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Karl Ilg, Timir S. Baman, Sanjaya K. Gupta, Scott Swanson, Eric Good, Aman Chugh, Krit Jongnarangsin, Frank Pelosi, Thomas Crawford, Hakan Oral, Fred Morady, Frank Bogun
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
An Improved Lateral Traction Splint for Fracture of Femur in Children.
Authors: WM. W. GOLDNAMER
Journal: JAMA (1900)

In the treatment of fracture of the femur in children, we are often confronted with the fact that there is a necessity of a change of scene for those little patients that will keep them more contented during their enforced confinement in bed, and also by the frequent changes prevent the liability, especially in hot weather, of pressure ulcerations, etc. The objection to the lateral splints that I have heretofore used is that the amount of traction in a given case was not known, so I have introduced between the traction screw—which is a long wooden screw from a joiner's "set-screw"—and the block of wood—to which is fastened the two adhesive strips which extend from the lateral sides of the leg—a small pair of spring balances. such as are found in nearly every household, for weighing packages, thereby having an indicator to measure the amount of force desired. The ease
Optic atrophy eight years after tuberculous meningitis.
Authors: J. G. Gillan, R. J. Purvis, G. W. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MIDICAL JOUMALdischarge liver biopsy showed changes of well-marked portal cir- rhosis. COMMENTOne view concerning the pathogenesis of hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic stupor is that there is persistence of enough endogenous insulin to prevent ketoacidosis but insuf- ficient to facilitate glucose utilization (Johnson et al., 1969;Oakes et al., 1969).Our finding of undetectable plasma immunoreactive insulin militates against this suggestion.Another suggestion (Henry and Bressler, 1968) is that long- standing unrecognized hyperglycaemic stress of the pancreatic ,-cells exhausts insulin reserve; massive hyperglycaemia per- mits sufficient glucose utilization and inhibits release of free fatty acid, thus preventing ketosis.This seems unlikely, since hyperglycaemia per se in diabetic ketoacidosis is insufficient to prevent release of free fatty acid and ketone body synthesis (Laurell, 1956;Carlson, 1969).Seftel et al. ( 1967) postulated that there may be a block in the hepatic uptake or degradation of free fatty acid to ketones.The modestly raised plasma free fatty acid in the present case suggests that the fault is not hepatic but rather adipose tissue in origin.It seems to us that the patient's adipose tissue might have been resistant to fat-mobilizing influences, hence the failure to develop ketoacidosis.The liver disease could have been an additional factor in impairing ketone body production.
Not an Inside Job: How Can Transplantation of Relatively Few Exogenous Satellite Cells Do What Thousands of Endogenous Cells Cannot?
Authors: Jacques P Tremblay, Daniel Skuk, Robert Frederickson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

When muscle fibers are damaged, they release growth factors that stimulate the proliferation of muscle stem cells termed satellite cells (Figure 1). The progeny of these newly proliferating satellite cells then fuse with the damaged muscle fibers so as to repair them. This process is generally able to maintain muscle strength and size but can tend to fail during the aging process and in certain disease states, such as in dystrophic muscle. This has spurred efforts to develop molecular and cellular therapies to stimulate the repair process.
Functional Characteristics of the Left Ventricular Inflow and Outflow Tracts
Authors: DONALD V. PRIOLA, CHARLES E. OSADJAN, WALTER C. RANDALL
Journal: Circulation Research (1965)

Simultaneous pressures were recorded from the left ventricular inflow and outflow tracts in 14 dogs. In 10 the inflow tract entered systole 4 to 18 msec before the corresponding outflow tract. In 12 additional animals, differential pressure recordings from the two tracts confirmed precedence in the inflow tract. In four animals, strain gauge recordings from the epicardial surfaces of the inflow and outflow tracts exhibited asynchrony with precedence in the inflow tract. Hearts excised from freshly-sacrificed animals or hearts stopped in diastole by KCI infusion showed a single, openly-communicating ventricular chamber. In contrast, hearts arrested in systole by infusion of CaCl 2 revealed a separation of the left ventricle by the apposition of the anterior and posterior papillary muscles and the dependent mitral valve leaflet. The apparent conduction velocity of an impact pressure wave from inflow to outflow tract depended upon the portion of the cardiac cycle during which it was delivered. From a maximum of 14 M/sec in mid and late diastole, it decreased to 6.9 M/sec in early systole and 5.5 M/sec in early diastole. Complete attenuation of pressure wave transmission often occurred during maximum systole. These data support the concept that the left ventricle may become separated, during systole, into an inflow and outflow tract. It appears that the division is accomplished by a change in the systolic ventricular architecture, with apposition of the anterior and posterior papillary muscles and the downward movement of the mitral valve leaflets. It is probable that this phenomenon is functional in hearts working near the lower limits of their systolic reserve.
Identifying the heterogeneity of young adult rhinitis through cluster analysis in the Isle of Wight birth cohort
Authors: Ramesh J. Kurukulaaratchy, Hongmei Zhang, Veeresh Patil, Abid Raza, Wilfried Karmaus, Susan Ewart, S. Hasan Arshad
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Immunological and Metabolic Responses of Patients with History of Antibody-Induced Beef Insulin Resistance to Treatment With Beef, Pork, Human, and Sulfated Beef Insulin
Authors: John K Davidson, S Edwin Fineberg, Pierre De Meyts, Naomi S Fineberg, John A Galloway
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Objective We evaluated immunological and metabolic responses during therapy with beef (B), pork (P), human (H, rDNA), and sulfated beef (SB) insulins in patients with insulin-antibody-mediated insulin resistance. Research Design and Methods A randomized double-blind sequential crossover study was performed with each insulin administered for 56 days unless dose reached 200 U/day or allergy developed. Participants were 26 individuals with history of B-P insulin dosage ≥200 U/day and insulin binding capacities &amp;gt;0.216 nM (30 mU/ml serum). Twenty-one participants completed the study. Insulin dosage/day, fasting plasma glucose, percentage HbA1, insulin antibody binding capacity (IABC), bound insulin (BI), percentage binding of 125I-labeled B, P, and H insulins, and receptor inhibition factor (RIF) were assessed. Results Mean insulin dosage (U/day) was significantly greater on B (88.9) than on P (29.2), H (29.4), or SB (29.6). On B, dosage increased in 12 individuals and reached 200 U/day in 6 individuals. Mean fasting plasma glucose (12.1 mM) and HbA1 (11%) were significantly higher on B than on P, H, and SB. Mean IABC, bound insulin, RIF, and percentage of B, P, and H bound were significantly higher on B than on P, H, and SB. Prolonged treatment with SB before entry into the study (&amp;gt;5 wk) resulted in a blunted anamnestic response to B insulin. Conclusions Rechallenge with B results in anamnestic immunological response and deterioration of metabolic control. SB, H, and P insulins have equivalent effects in patients with insulin antibody-mediated immunologic resistance.
Abstract P403: Animal and Plant Protein and Change in Blood Pressure During 15 Years of Follow-up: The Zutphen Elderly Study
Authors: Susanne M Tielemans, Daan Kromhout, Wieke Altorf-van der Kuil, Johanna M Geleijnse
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Data from randomized controlled trials and observational studies suggest that blood pressure (BP) is inversely related to dietary protein, especially plant protein. We examined whether intake of animal and plant protein were related to long-term changes in BP in a cohort of elderly men in the Netherlands. Methods: Analyses were based on data of 269 men participating in the Zutphen Elderly Study, who were examined in 1985, 1990, 1995 and 2000. Men did not use antihypertensive medication and were initially free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and cancer. Diet was repeatedly assessed by trained dieticians using the cross-check dietary history method and BP was measured twice by trained research staff at every occasion. The associations of animal and plant protein (in tertiles) with 5-year BP change were obtained by a random intercept model, taking into account serial correlation and measurement error. Median values of tertiles (in en%) were 7.9, 9.7 and 12.8 for animal protein and 4.1, 4.9 and 6.0 for plant protein. Adjustments were made for age, measurement year, BMI, socioeconomic status, smoking, prescribed diet, alcohol intake, total energy intake and intake of carbohydrates, types of fat, minerals, dietary fibre and plant protein (in animal protein analysis) or animal protein (in plant protein analysis). Results: At baseline, men were 70±5 years old and BP was 147/84 mmHg. Mean intake was 10.2±2.7 en% for animal protein and 5.0±1.0 en% for plant protein. Animal protein was not associated with 5-year BP change (p&gt;0.30). For plant protein intake, 5-year change in systolic BP was -3.30 mmHg (95% CI: [[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#8209;]]6.39; [[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#8209;]]0.20) and -2.56 mmHg (95% CI: -5.69; 0.57) in tertile 2 and tertile 3, respectively, compared to BP change in tertile 1. For diastolic BP, these changes were -1.61 mmHg (95% CI: [[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#8209;]]3.34; 0.12) and -1.70 mmHg (95% CI: -3.45; 0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Plant protein, but not animal protein, was inversely associated with BP change during 15 years of follow-up in elderly men.
Nonlinear computation and dynamic cognitive generalities
Authors: Robert A. M. Gregson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Although one can endorse the complexity of the data and processes that Phillips &amp; Singer (P&amp;S) review, their mathematical suggestions can be compared critically with cases in nonlinear psychophysics, where the theoretician is faced with analogous problems. Owing to P&amp;S's failure adequately to recognise both the intricate properties of nonlinear dynamics in networks and the constraints of metabolic demands on the temporal generation of patterns in biological nets their conclusions fail to meet the problems they properly address.
B cell depletion therapy exacerbates murine primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Amy Dhirapong, Ana Lleo, Guo-Xiang Yang, Koichi Tsuneyama, Robert Dunn, Marilyn Kehry, Thomas A. Packard, John C. Cambier, Fu-Tong Liu, Keith Lindor, Ross L. Coppel, Aftab A. Ansari, M. Eric Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is considered a model autoimmune disease due to the clinical homogeneity of patients and the classic hallmark of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs). Indeed, the presence of AMAs represents the most highly directed and specific autoantibody in autoimmune diseases. However, the contribution of B cells to the pathogenesis of PBC is unclear. Therefore, although AMAs appear to interact with the biliary cell apotope and contribute to biliary pathology, there is no correlation of disease severity and titer of AMAs. The recent development of well-characterized monoclonal antibodies specific for the B cell populations, anti-CD20 and anti-CD79, and the development of a well-defined xenobiotic-induced model of autoimmune cholangitis prompted us to use these reagents and the model to address the contribution of B cells in the pathogenesis of murine PBC. Prior to the induction of autoimmune cholangitis, mice were treated with either anti-CD20, anti-CD79, or isotype-matched control monoclonal antibody and followed for B cell development, the appearance of AMAs, liver pathology, and cytokine production. Results of the studies reported herein show that the in vivo depletion of B cells using either anti-CD20 or anti-CD79 led to the development of a more severe form of cholangitis than observed in control mice, which is in contrast with results from several other autoimmune models that have documented an important therapeutic role of B cell–specific depletion. Anti-CD20/CD79–treated mice had increased liver T cell infiltrates and higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: Our results reflect a novel disease-protective role of B cells in PBC and suggest that B cell depletion therapy in humans with PBC should be approached with caution (HEPATOLOGY 2011:53:527-535)
He Compliments the Journal.
Authors: Starling Loving
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 5,1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —... Permit me to compliment you on theJournalin general, and particularly on your editorials. The editorial of two weeks ago on Basedow's disease I think especially good. While you did not solve the secret of the etiology and seat of that mysterious malady, you presented all that is known in a condensed and scholarly manner.