tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fracture risk a class effect of thiazolidinediones in women
Authors: Robert Short
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<h3>Background</h3> Research suggests that community-based family-focused weight management programmes that incorporate physical activity, diet and behavioural components can be effective in treating paediatric obesity. However, the majority of these programmes are small, feasibility trials whose findings have yet to be replicated in the real-world context. This study explores the barriers and facilitators experienced by those implementing a government-funded, multi-component childhood weight management programme in the community setting. <h3>Methods</h3> Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 28 stakeholders responsible for referring to or implementing the programme including professionals from dietetics, clinical psychology, public health nursing, physiotherapy, and health promotion. Interviews were audiotaped, with participants’ informed consent and transcribed verbatim. Framework analysis was used to identify barriers and facilitators which were then mapped onto six levels of influential factors outlined by Grol and Wensing: the innovation, the individual professional, the patient, the social context, the organisational context, and the external environment. This framework describes how barriers and facilitators can be identified, categorised, and used for the development of tailored-based implementation strategies to facilitate desired change. <h3>Results</h3> Most perceived barriers occurred at the level of the social and organisational context while the majority of facilitators were at the level of the individual professional. For all participants, barriers arose due to the multi-disciplinary nature of the programme, including the lack of role clarity, lack of understanding of other disciplines as well as the added complexities of working in different locations. Participants’ recognition of the need for a programme and their own personal interest in the area were the main drivers behind implementation while the provision of incentives and the presence of supportive colleagues were further enabling factors. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study highlights the complexities associated with implementing multi-disciplinary childhood weight management programmes in the community setting from a wide range of stakeholder perspectives. Our results suggest the assignment of clear roles and responsibilities, the provision of sufficient training and resources as well as organisational support play pivotal roles in overcoming barriers to change. This evidence should be used to develop an implementation plan to support the translation of efficacious interventions into real world settings.
HIV-1 Vpr inhibits cytokinesis in human proximal tubule cells
Authors: Paul E. Rosenstiel, Tina Gruosso, Audrey M. Letourneau, Justin J. Chan, Amanda LeBlanc, Mohammad Husain, Vesna Najfeld, Vicente Planelles, Vivette D. D'Agati, Mary E. Klotman, Paul E. Klotman
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Nigeria apologises to neighbours for spread of polio
Authors: Abiodun Raufu
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Nigeria has apologised for exporting wild polio virus to its six West African neighbours, Togo, Niger, Benin, Chad, Cameroon, and Burkina Faso.

Nigeria's health minister, Professor Eyitayo Lambo, blamed the spread of the virus on the controversy over the efficacy of polio vaccines being administered in some parts of Nigeria, which led to a temporary …
The profile of respiratory conditions: why government action is necessary
Authors: M R PARTRIDGE
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Background-Nitric oxide (NO) is detectable in the exhaled breath, is involved in airway defence and inflammation, and probably modulates bronchial smooth muscle tone.Given the sensitivity of nitrogen oxides to local redox conditions, we postulated that exposure to oxidant or antioxidant compounds could alter concentrations of NO in the exhaled breath (eNO).We assessed the eVect of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and ascorbic acid exposure on eNO in healthy human subjects.Methods-Ten healthy subjects were randomised to undergo a 20 minute single blind exposure to NO 2 (1.5 parts per million) or medical air in a crossover fashion.Exhaled NO and pulmonary function were measured before and for 3 hours after exposure.In a separate double blind crossover study 20 healthy subjects received ascorbic acid 500 mg twice daily or placebo for 2 weeks with a 6 week interim washout.Serum ascorbic acid levels and eNO were measured before and after each supplementation phase.Results-NO 2 induced a decrease of 0.62 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.92) ppb in the mean post-exposure eNO (p<0.01) with no change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ).Oral supplementation with ascorbic acid increased the mean serum ascorbic acid concentration by 7.4 (95% CI 5.1 to 9.7) µg/ml (63%) but did not alter eNO.Conclusions-NO 2 exposure causes a decrease in eNO, an eVect which may be mediated through changes in epithelial lining fluid redox state or through a direct eVect on epithelial cells.In contrast, ascorbic acid does not appear to play a significant role in the metabolism of NO in the epithelial lining fluid.
Early landmark analysis of imatinib treatment in CML chronic phase: Less than 10% BCR‐ABL by FISH at 3 months associated with improved long‐term clinical outcome
Authors: Lotta Ohm, Ingrid Arvidsson, Gisela Barbany, Robert Hast, Leif Stenke
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Abstract Imatinib has dramatically improved the clinical outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic phase (CMLcp), but a risk of resistance and serious disease progression still prevails. We have studied 45 newly diagnosed CMLcp patients initiated on imatinib, assessing treatment responses by interphase extral signal (ES)‐fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), quantitative real‐time (q‐RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and chromosome banding analysis. In a landmark analysis, an early favorable response, defined as less than 10% BCR‐ABL‐positive cells by FISH after 3 months of treatment, was identified as a predictive marker of an improved long‐term clinical outcome. Of evaluable patients, 51% achieved this response. A large majority, 95% of such responders reached complete cytogenetic responses (CCyR) within 12 months and 100% event‐free survival (EFS) at 48 months, when compared with 67 and 65%, respectively, of patients with higher breakpoint cluster region ‐ Abelson (BCR‐ABL) positivity at 3 months ( P = 0.04; P = 0.006). No similar, significant correlations were noted between early disease assessments with PCR of BCR‐ABL mRNA transcripts or of cytogenetics versus a 12‐month CCyR or long‐term EFS. Our data, based on a limited patient cohort, indicate that (i) FISH can effectively be used in the early assessment of remaining Ph‐positive cells to identify patients at risk for a long‐term nonoptimal response to imatinib and that (ii) FISH may be more useful than PCR for this purpose. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
725 QUANTITATIVE HBSAG: A NEW SPECIFIC MARKER FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF HBSAG INACTIVE CARRIAGE
Authors: M. Martinot-Peignoux, R. Moucari, L. Leclere, A.-C. Cardoso, R. Carvalho, N. Boyer, M.P. Ripault, T. Asselah, P. Marcellin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Phenylpropyl-Hydroxycoumarin as an Anticoagulant
Authors: M. Toohey
Journal: BMJ (1956)

on the use of phenylpropyl-hydroxycoumarin (" mar- coumar ") have appeared since the original accounts by Jurgens (1953) and Koller and Jakob (1953).They all show it to be very long acting, the anticoagulant effect lasting for 7 to 14 days after the last dose.It appears that the incidence of haemorrhage with phenylpropylhydroxycoumarin therapy is low and that the drug has a fairly stable action.The present paper is a report on the use of phenylpropyl-hydroxycoumarin in 104 patients.Most of them were suffering from coronary thrombosis or phlebothrombosis, and in several there was evidence of cardiac
Effect of graft-versus-host disease on the outcome of bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling donor using GVHD prophylaxis with cyclosporin A and methotrexate
Authors: Y Kanda, K Izutsu, H Hirai, H Sakamaki, T Iseki, Y Kodera, S Okamoto, H Mitsui, K Iwato, N Hirabayashi, T Furukawa, A Maruta, M Kasai, Y Atsuta, N Hamajima, A Hiraoka, K Kawa
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
434. Oncolytic Virotherapy Using the HSV Mutant rQNestin34.5 towards CD133+ Brain Tumor Stem Cells
Authors: Akihiro Otsuki, Ankita Patel, Suzanne Camilli, Kazue Kasai, Sigeru Tanaka, E. Antonio Chiocca, Yoshinaga Saeki
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Glioblastoma is among the most devastating malignancies in humans and often rapidly fatal despite aggressive modern treatments. Recent evidence suggests that neoplastic tumors are initiated and maintained exclusively by a rare fraction of cancer cells with stem cell properties (cancer stem cells). Several groups of investigators reported the presence of stem cell-like cells in human brain tumor specimens, and Dirks and his colleagues nicely demonstrated that only the CD133 positive fraction of human brain tumor cells has stem-like properties including ability of self-renewal, multipotency and potential to develop brain tumors in SCID mice.
Neuromuscular Complications of Heroin Addiction.
Authors: Y. B. Challenor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Neuromuscular Complications of Heroin Addiction.Y. B. Challenor, M.D., R. W. Richter, M.D., John Pearson, M.D.Y. B. Challenor, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. W. Richter, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John Pearson, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-838_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis study delineates five categories of neuromyopathic disorders that follow the parenteral use of heroin-adulterant mixtures. Clinical and electrodiagnostic studies documented these sequels in our patient sample. Muscle biopsies, with routine and histochemical staining, plus serial serum enzyme levels were obtained for those patients with primarily muscular involvement. The complications observed, in decreasing order of frequency, included the following: mononeuropathy, which was usually unrelated to trauma and remote from site of injection but occasionally followed needle trauma; plexitis, which in our cases showed a brachial predilection and was often associated with severe neuritic pain; polyneuropathy was observed as an acute,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Y. B. Challenor, M.D.; R. W. Richter, M.D.; John Pearson, M.D.Affiliations: New York, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHeroin-induced myopathy in rat skeletal muscleSubclavian artery false aneurysm associated with brachial plexus palsy: A complication of parenteral drug addictionLead poisoning during heroin addictionLead brachial neuropathy in heroin addictionBrachial and lumbar plexitis as a reaction to heroinInjection injuries of the recurrent laryngeal nerveAcute myelopathy in association with heroin addiction 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 838-838KeywordsEnzymesHeroinMuscle biopsiesStaining ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mohammed Iftikar Akhter Maurice Berger Lindsay Steven Carstairs Desmond Plunkett Dunphy David Grime David Brian Shaw
Authors: M N Arhi, C K Batt, B. M Berger, S. Davis, K. Dunphy, P. Grime, G Dean
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Karachi 1960; FRCPsych), died of a myocardial infarct on 26 April 1998.After general medical training in Karachi he came to the Maudsley Hospital to specialise in psychiatry and subsequently worked at Long Grove Hospital, Surrey.At Birmingham he was university postgraduate tutor and course organiser as well as director of the MRCPsych course.He lectured and participated in conferences all over the world, and was the author of many papers on solvent and alcohol misuse
Surfactant Protein A Is Decreased in a Rat Model of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: MOHAN R. MYSORE, LINDA R. MARGRAF, MARINA A. JARAMILLO, DAVID R. BREED, VICKEY L. CHAU, MAURICIO ARÉVALO, FERNANDO R. MOYA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

We hypothesized that the expression of surfactant protein A (SP-A) would be altered in developing lungs from rat fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) induced by maternal ingestion of 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether (Nitrofen) on Day 9 of gestation. We compared our findings in fetuses exposed to Nitrofen with a CDH with those in Nitrofen-exposed fetuses without a CDH, and control fetuses whose mothers received olive oil only, the vehicle for Nitrofen. In late gestation, immunocytochemistry using a polyclonal rabbit antihuman SP-A antibody revealed decreased amounts of this protein in lungs from fetuses with CDH. Using immunoblotting, the relative amount of SP-A on Day 21 of gestation was also decreased in lung tissue from fetuses with CDH compared with the other groups. Abnormalities of mRNA for SP-A were observed in both groups of Nitrofen- exposed fetuses compared with control rats. These findings suggest that there is decreased expression of SP-A in rat fetuses with CDH secondary to Nitrofen exposure.
Weight Loss Counseling Revisited
Authors: Mary K. Serdula, Laura Kettel Khan, William H. Dietz
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The One-Week Prevalence of Symptoms in Neurotic Patients and Normals
Authors: ROBERT KELLNER, BRIAN F. SHEFFIELD
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

A questionnaire concerning the number of symptoms experienced during one week was administered to 100 neurotic patients and 100 normal subjects, first in England and then in New Mexico. The rank order of frequency of symptoms was similar on both sides of the Atlantic, but neurotics and normals had different rank orders. Both groups reported a high prevalence of symptoms, with neurotics reporting a significantly greater number of almost all symptoms.
Dr. Macartney on the Terminal Filament of Cauda Equina
Authors: J. Macartney
Journal: BMJ (1840)

struggle, so as to interfere with the operation, the operator may let go the instrument, wlhile it is yet fixed in the con- jtinctiva, without doing injury to this membrane, endanger- ing the eye itself, or losing its hold.In three or four operations in which the patient struggled, I found the ad- vantage of this precaution.
Kennedy Hearings Say No More Free Lunch—or Much Else—From Drug Firms
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE USE of gifts and other questionable marketing practices by pharmaceutical companies has been under heavy fire from both the Senate Labor and Human Resources Committee and the American Medical Association (AMA). A disabling salvo was fired last month, when the AMA's House of Delegates adopted, without dissent, ethical guidelines proposed by the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs that deem unethical the acceptance of vacations or cash to pay for travel expenses, gifts of substantial value, cash, and lavish meals and entertainment from pharmaceutical companies—marketing practices that have been liberally applied through the years to influence physicians' prescribing decisions. (See p 501 for the actual guidelines.) The 100-plus member Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (PMA) adopted these same guidelines 2 days later. <h3>Pricey Promotions Revealed</h3> The following week, the Senate Labor and Human Resources Committee, chaired by Sen Edward Kennedy (D, Mass), conducted 2 days of hearings in which testimony by
Financial implications for survivors of stroke
Authors: H. O. Ward, B. McIldowie, S. Kibble, A. Squire, A. Carson-Stevens
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The new National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines on stroke rehabilitation recognise that high quality stroke care services should include physical rehabilitation, as well as specialist psychological and emotional support to survivors.1 2 However, the financial burden of long term care can cause considerable anxiety and stress to stroke survivors and their families during rehabilitation.

In Wales, we have formed a multi-professional student group,3 as …
The Social Significance of the Danger List
Authors: Avery D. Weisman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A survey of how the concept of the "Danger List" is used disclosed that only a minority of danger list (DL) patients die in the hospital, that medical care is not significantly influenced by the DL, and that autopsy permission is granted more frequently when a patient who dies is not on the DL. Despite its obsolescence and replacement by more efficient methods of informing families of a patient's condition the DL should be revised with high-risk families of critically ill patients in mind. Early psychosocial intervention by social workers or nurse-clinicians in collaboration with the responsible physician will not only assist families in solving practical problems related to death and social transition, but may help prevent later complications in the bereavement period.
Abstract 1907: Mechanisms mediated by CXCL12 signaling through CXCR4 and CXCR7 in breast cancer
Authors: Lasharon D. Mosley, Rajesh Singh, Praveen K. Sharma, Ashley S. Triplett, Shailesh Singh, James W. Lillard
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Interactions between chemokines and their receptors are involved in organ-specific homing and propagation of metastatic breast cancer (BrCa) cells. BrCa cells express higher levels of CXCR4 and CXCR7 mRNA and cell surface protein, than normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). Recent studies show CXCR7 is highly expressed by activated endothelial cells (i.e., neovasculature), fetal liver cells, and many tumors, but not by non-transformed (or normal) human tissues. Unlike other chemokine receptors, activation of CXCR7 does not cause Ca2+ mobilization/flux or cell migration. However, CXCR7 activation by its ligands provides signals for growth, survival, and adhesion. CXCR4, CXCR7, and CXCL12 mRNAs and proteins are differentially expressed by BrCa cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and breast tumor, than compared to HMEC or benign mammary tissue, respectively. Using selective G protein inhibitors, CXCR4/CXCR7-specific siRNAs as well as Amnis ImageStream, real time PCR, and active matrix metalloproteinase assays, we tested the hypothesis that CXCR7 and its interactions with CXCR4 and CXCL12 promote BrCa cell collagenase expression, alter NF-κB and ERK1/2 localization to the nucleus, and correlates with cell cycle. CXCL12-induced CXCR4 mRNA upregulation required Gβγ protein and/or JAK/STAT signal transduction; CXCL12 expression was negatively regulated by the presence of CXCR4. CXCL12-mediated CXCR7 mRNA expression in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. Lastly, CXCL12-dependent MMP-1 and MMP-13 mRNA expression was Gα protein-, Gβ protein-, and Gγ protein-dependent presumably through CXCR4, while elevated expression of CXCR7 suppressed these effects. Together, this study suggests that differential and cell cycle-dependent CXCR7 and CXCR4 expression plays a critical role in enhancing BrCa cell invasion and survival cell signals, which were CXCL12-dependent, but often G protein-independent. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1907.
MEDICAL EDUCATION AND THE YALE ANNOUNCEMENT
Authors: CHARLES R. STOCKARD
Journal: JAMA (1926)

We may ask regarding the medical curriculum the same old question which Professor Jennings<sup>1</sup>has recently asked about man, "What's the matter with the medical curriculum?" and no antiphonal chorus answers back, "It's all right." If it is not all right, what is the matter with it, and what has it failed to do? There is nothing more important to the student or to the medical profession than these two difficult questions. A certain group of articles on medical education usually begin with the statement that the chief object of medical education is to produce capable practitioners of medicine. Such an assertion sweeps far beyond the border of obviousness. No sane person questions the statement or is unaware of the thought conveyed. The chief duty of the medical school is to educate or develop practitioners of medicine, but this obvious assertion immediately suggests the question, Who is to teach
New use of atypical antipsychotics was linked to acute kidney injury and all-cause mortality at 90 days
Authors: Gregory Simon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Hwang YJ, Dixon SN, Reiss JP, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk for acute kidney injury and other adverse outcomes in older adults: a population-based cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161:242-8. 25133360