tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Cooking upon the Blood Glucose Response to Ingested Carrots and Potatoes
Authors: Stein Vaaler, Kristian F Hanssen, Øystein Aagenæs
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

Ten insulin-dependent diabetic subjects were given the following tests in randomized order: 50 g glucose dissolved in water, 250 g raw and cooked potato (equal to 50 g carbohydrate), 270 g raw and cooked carrot (equal to 25 g carbohydrate), and 4 h of fasting. Blood glucose was measured for 4 h following the tests. The postprandial blood glucose responses after pure glucose and cooked potato were almost similar (90-min values: glucose 8.8mmol/L, cooked potato 8.0 mmol/L), while the response after raw potato was considerably slower and weaker (90-min value: 3.3 mmol/L). There were no differences between the postprandial blood glucose responses after raw and cooked carrot (90-min values: raw carrot 3.2 mmol/L, cooked carrot 2.8 mmol/L), but the responses were statistically different from blood glucose values during fasting alone (90-min value: 0.8 mmol/L). The study shows that cooking is responsible for the rapid increase in blood glucose after ingestion of cooked potato, while no such phenomenon is seen aftercooking of carrots.
Dysentery organisms and immigrants.
Authors: G. A. Bell, J. S. Dodge
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Recovery was prompt with the routine regimen followed in the hospital.As the ulcer did not heal, he was re-examined carefully and found to have an enlarged firm spleen, which had been missed earlier on account of the severe abdominal rigidity.On further investigation he was found to have spherocytosis, and the cause of the chronic ulcer became clear.He was advised surgery but was not willing for this and took his discharge.He was seen again in February 1964 with another full-blown attack of tetanus.The ulcer had not healed and again yielded the organisms.This time recovery followed a stormy course and the patient consented to undergo splenectomy.After surgery the ulcer healed rapidly, and he was free of symptoms when seen in May 1964.
Seeking the Cure: A History of Medicine in America
Authors: Tony Miksanek
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF OXALURIA
Authors: J. V. C. Braithwaite
Journal: BMJ (1930)

c.sist miiy colleague Dr. Wauigli the treatment of a case of eclailipsia.I suggested tlhat the admiiinistiation of chiloo- formi, if it was not alreadyl ill progrless, slhould be started at onice.On my arrival I fouind a "young, massive womani lvin(g on her side in bed.Slhe w-as almiiost fully dressed, was under the influenice of cliloroforin, comatose, an id-l Lreathing stertorously.Tlhe r'ooiii was dismanltled for spring cleaning.Thle patient, aged 22, a primigravida seven months pregnant, lhad beeni quite well till lhalf-past sevcai that evening.Slhe liad been.feeling sick occasionally, buit lhad regarded this symptom as tnimliportant.At the ante-niatal clinic, wlhere she had attended onice a month, her conditioni was considered to be good.Slhe ate a great deal, and was habitually constipated.At seven o'clock shic had gone upstairs to lhelp in the spriag cleaninig of the bedroom where she was lying.She knielt down.to clean a clhair, anid said that she felt sick.Slhe was told to sit down, anid was ,given a glass of water.She took a sip of water and was lhelped inito the bed.No sooner was slhe oni the bed tllan she had a fit, anid as the fit or fits continuied anid lher condition became alarming, Dr. Waugh, who had never seeni the patient before, was sent for.He iimmediately injected a qutariter of a grain of morphinie
Aspirin and Brain Microbleeds
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Utility of autofluorescence imaging videoendoscopy system for the detection of minimal changes associated with reflux esophagitis
Authors: D. Asaoka, A. Nagahara, A. Kurosawa, T. Osada, M. Kawabe, M. Hojo, T. Yoshizawa, M. Otaka, T. Ohkusa, T. Ogihara, S. Watanabe
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

The diagnosis of reflux esophagitis has been facilitated by the introduction of endoscopic imaging at high resolution. Recently, minimal changes at the squamocolumnar (SC) junction have attracted clinical interest; these are defined by endoscopists as white-colored changes to the esophageal mucosa near the SC junction. This finding is commonly accepted for inclusion in a modified LA classification "grade M (minimal change)", as part of the spectrum of reflux esophagitis in Japan [1]. The clinical implications of such minimal changes are considered significant [2] [3]. Because reliable detection of the white-color change of the esophageal mucosa is difficult, the consistency of diagnosis varies among endoscopists. Recently, the autofluorescence imaging (AFI) videoendoscopy system (Olympus Corp., Tokyo, Japan) was developed for diagnosis of hyperplasia and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we investigate endoscopically detectable differences between normal controls and the white-colored esophageal mucosa of reflux esophagitis grade M using white light imaging (WLI) endoscopy and AFI.
Another African disaster.
Authors: D E Logie
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Electroacupuncture in fibromyalgiaED1TOR,-Several important issues arise from Christophe Deluze and colleagues' paper on electroacupuncture in fibromyalgia.'The use of electroacupuncture rather than ordinary acupuncture in this study is questionable.To treat musculoskeletal pain, manual manipulation of the needles is all that many experienced physicians consider to be necessary.2Indeed, excessive stimulation of the needles may exacerbate the symptoms.This and the unpleasantness of needle insertion (suggesting poor needling technique) led to an unusually high drop out rate in both the group given electroacu- puncture (17%) and the controls (15%) in the study.The authors also seem uncertain about the rationale for selecting acupuncture points; they say that they used "four common acupuncture points," but it is unclear exactly which points these were.The authors claim that "traditional acupuncture points" were used, and the hand point does seem to correspond to the Chinese acupuncture point Hegu (L14).The leg point, however, corresponds only approximately to the Chinese acupuncture point Zusanli (ST36), the location given being inaccurate.This point should be located by using a system of proportional measurement, which allows for differences in the size of patients.The correct distance below the inferior border of the patella is not 5 cm but 3 cun, which corresponds to the width of the patient's four fingers.Needle insertion into the tender points was avoided in this study.In treating myofascial pain, however, the best results are generally considered to be obtained by inserting the needles into the points of maximum tenderness, though electrical stimulation is usually unnecessary.Lastly, the points used in the control group cannot be regarded as suitable: electrical stimula- tion of needles only 2 cm from the real points is unlikely to be without some effect.The true efficacy of acupuncture may have been under- estimated, and further studies of higher quality are needed.
Ranitidine in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
Authors: M J Langman, D A Henry
Journal: BMJ (1982)

features is a profound impairment of language development affecting comprehension as well as expression.The general practitioner who follows the advice in the leading article as to which children to refer for paediatric advice will therefore not miss referring the autistic child.The general practitioner may himself recognise the other features of autism such as social aloofness, unusual motility patterns, and bizarre mannerisms.If he is unfamiliar with them, however, his paediatric colleagues should make this diagnosis.It should be emphasised again that among the causes of delayed speech development deafness, mental retardation, environmental factors, and speci- fic language disorders are all 20 to 30 times commoner than autism.
Ultrasound and jaundice.
Authors: F R Vicary, G Cusick, I M Shirley, R J Blackwell
Journal: Gut (1977)

We have examined 26 consecutive jaundiced patients referred to the ultrasound clinic. A differentiation between extrahepatic and other causes of jaundice was possible in 23 of the 24 patients satisfactorily examined. The use of ultrasonic techniques in the jaundiced patient offers a high degree of accuracy to the clinician, and little or no discomfort to the patient.
Risk-stratified outcomes of nonmyeloablative HLA-haploidentical BMT with high-dose posttransplantation cyclophosphamide
Authors: Shannon R. McCurdy, Jennifer A. Kanakry, Margaret M. Showel, Hua-Ling Tsai, Javier Bolaños-Meade, Gary L. Rosner, Christopher G. Kanakry, Karlo Perica, Heather J. Symons, Robert A. Brodsky, Douglas E. Gladstone, Carol Ann Huff, Keith W. Pratz, Gabrielle T. Prince, Amy E. Dezern, Ivana Gojo, William H. Matsui, Ivan Borrello, Michael A. McDevitt, Lode J. Swinnen, B. Douglas Smith, Mark J. Levis, Richard F. Ambinder, Leo Luznik, Richard J. Jones, Ephraim J. Fuchs, Yvette L. Kasamon
Journal: Blood (2015)
Mast cell heparin stimulates migration of capillary endothelial cells in vitro.
Authors: R G Azizkhan, J C Azizkhan, B R Zetter, J Folkman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

Migration of capillary endothelial cells is an important component of angiogenesis in vivo. Increased numbers of mast cells have been associated with several types of angiogenesis. We have used a quantitative assay in vitro to demonstrate that mast cells release a factor that significantly increases bovine capillary endothelial cell migration. The factor is present in medium conditioned by mast cells as well as lysates of mast cells. The stimulatory effect of mast cells on migration is specific for capillary endothelial cells. Furthermore, mast cells have no mitogenic activity for capillary endothelial cells. Of all the secretory products of mast cells tested, only heparin stimulated capillary endothelial cell migration in vitro. Heparin preparations from a variety of sources stimulated capillary endothelial cell migration to the same degree but did not stimulate migration of several other cell types. The migration activity of heparin and mast cell conditioned medium was blocked by specific antagonists of heparin (protamine and heparinase), but not by chondroitinase ABC. The migration activity of mast cell conditioned medium was resistant to heat (100 degrees C) and incubation with proteolytic enzymes. These results suggest that the role of mast cells in angiogenesis may be to enhance migration of the endothelial cells of growing capillaries.
Tumors of the Heart
Authors: J. Mead
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1961)

cardium include lipomas, hemangi omas, fibromas, neuromas, teratomas, and myxomas.7'12 Sarcoma is the usual primary malig nant tumor of the heart and pericar Iâ€•rouu thie' Depart nieiit of Mcdiciiie, The New York Ileispiteil.
Differential Expression of Ly6C and T-bet Distinguish Effector and Memory Th1 CD4+ Cell Properties during Viral Infection
Authors: Heather D. Marshall, Anmol Chandele, Yong Woo Jung, Hailong Meng, Amanda C. Poholek, Ian A. Parish, Rachel Rutishauser, Weiguo Cui, Steven H. Kleinstein, Joe Craft, Susan M. Kaech
Journal: Immunity (2011)
Sleeping Prone and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Warren G. Guntheroth
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To critically analyze reports that show a relationship between sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and the prone sleeping position in infants. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Peer-reviewed articles, published letters, book chapters, and local and national health statistics were used, without time or language restrictions. These studies represented three races, four continents, and seven countries; none was published in North America. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —No studies were ignored, but only those with case controls were reviewed in detail; we regarded a recent cohort analytic (prospective) study as particularly strong, in addition to six before-and-after (intervention) trials. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Hill's criteria for decision making were used to assess the quality and validity of the data. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Without exception, all studies demonstrated an increased risk for SIDS associated with the prone sleeping position. The published likelihood ratios (relative risk or odds ratio) for SIDS in the prone position compared with SIDS in any other position ranged from 3.5 to 9.3 in seven studies. Publicity against the use of the prone position has been associated with reduction of SIDS by 20% to 67%, paralleling the reduction in use of the prone position, with no increase in deaths from aspiration or in other diagnostic categories. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —We recommend avoidance of the prone sleeping position for infants in the first 6 months of life unless there is a specific medical indication for it. Reports from the Netherlands, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand indicate that avoiding the prone position for infants in the first 6 months of life could reduce the number of SIDS deaths by as much as 50%. Unfortunately, these findings have received little attention in North America. We offer here an analysis of these reports so that physicians can assess the evidence and advise parents accordingly. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2359-2362)
New approach to vaccine trials
Authors: M. Day
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A new approach to trials of HIV vaccines that weeds out dud vaccine candidates as soon as possible is vital to accelerate the “painfully slow” progress in the field, say a group of AIDS scientists.

The basis of their proposals is “adaptive” clinical trial design, where doctors look immediately for signs of effectiveness and ditch a vaccine candidate quickly or change the trial design, if there are no such signs.

The researchers write in Science Translational Medicine ( Sci Transl Med 2011;3:79ps13; doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3001863) that the technique would cull the research red herrings that have slowed progress for decades, and boost knowledge about biological markers that can indicate …
Epithelial Carcinoma of the Ovary: Current Strategies
Authors: MARTIN E. KATZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Epithelial ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed late in its biologic course (70% of cases are diagnosed as stage III or IV). Recent advances in chemotherapy and radiation therapy offer the possibility of long-term disease-free survival and the potential for cure. The selection of treatment for disease confined to the pelvis (stage I or II) remains controversial. After total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and omentectomy, high risk patients probably should receive abdominopelvic irradiation or chemotherapy; the relative roles of these two modalities are currently under study. Stage III consists of cases of minimal residual disease at surgery, minimal residual disease after debulking surgery, and residual large bulky tumor masses. Patients with minimal residual disease are best treated with either abdominopelvic radiation or chemotherapy; patients with stage IV or bulky stage III disease, with chemotherapy. Despite the multiplicity of active single agents, only one study to date has shown a statistically significant improvement in survival for patients with advanced disease utilizing combination chemotherapy.
Early-life determinants of asthma from birth to age 20 years: A German birth cohort study
Authors: Linus B. Grabenhenrich, Hannah Gough, Andreas Reich, Nora Eckers, Fred Zepp, Oliver Nitsche, Johannes Forster, Antje Schuster, Dirk Schramm, Carl-Peter Bauer, Ute Hoffmann, John Beschorner, Petra Wagner, Renate Bergmann, Karl Bergmann, Paolo Maria Matricardi, Ulrich Wahn, Susanne Lau, Thomas Keil
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Efficacy of terbinafine 1% cream in the treatment of moccasin-type tinea pedis: Results of placebo-controlled multicenter trials
Authors: Ronald Savin, Andrew V. Atton, Paul R. Bergstresser, Boni Elewski, H. Earl Jones, Norman Levine, James Leyden, Alicia Monroe, Amit Pandya, Jerome Shupack, Matthew Stiller, Eduardo Tschen, Gerald Weinstein, Nardo Zaias, Jay E. Birnbaum
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1994)
202. DNA Delivery to the Mitochondria Sites Using Leader Peptide Conjugated Polyethylenimine
Authors: Minhyung Lee, Joon Sig Choi, Kyung Soo Ko
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background: Some genetic diseases are associated with defects of the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondria gene therapy by direct DNA delivery to mitochondria has been suggested as a therapeutic option for the diseases. However, a few studies about DNA delivery to mitochondria has been reported and no definite delivery method is available. Although numerous viral and non-viral gene carriers have been developed, these carriers were designed for the delivery of DNA into the nucleus. Thus, mitochondrial gene therapy has been thought as theoretical and speculative. In this research, we hypothesized that mitochondrial leader peptide (LP) conjugated polyethylenimine (PEI) could deliver DNA to the mitochondrial sites.
High Rate of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Re-Infection in Patients Affected by Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Veronica Ojetti, Dario Pitocco, Francesco Bartolozzi, Silvio Danese, Alessio Migneco, Andrea Lupascu, Paolo Pola, Giovanni Ghirlanda, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Antonio Gasbarrini
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

received honoraria from Probiodrug, which synthesizes inhibitors of DP IV
Children in Jeopardy: Can We Break the Cycle of Poverty?
Authors: Alan F. Meyers
Journal: JAMA (1997)

At a time of wholesale retrenchment of antipoverty policy, Irving Harris'<i>Children in Jeopardy: Can We Break the Cycle of Poverty?</i>comes as a bracing tonic for anyone concerned with the plight of America's disadvantaged children, which, as Harris argues, presages the future of the nation. Harris has devoted a lifetime of philanthropic effort to the creation of interventions to help prevent and ameliorate the profound effects of poverty on child development. His book is a narrative describing these efforts and the rationale that has motivated them; it is not a reference text, but neither is it a polemic. It is the story of a practical and humane citizen's efforts to engage conditions that he saw as "a festering, expanding disaster accompanying the waste of human life." In describing the cycle of poverty, Harris mounts an argument that will be familiar to all physicians and other professionals who work with
Hypoxia-inducible factor regulates hepcidin via erythropoietin-induced erythropoiesis
Authors: Qingdu Liu, Olena Davidoff, Knut Niss, Volker H. Haase
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Iron demand in bone marrow increases when erythropoiesis is stimulated by hypoxia via increased erythropoietin (EPO) synthesis in kidney and liver. Hepcidin, a small polypeptide produced by hepatocytes, plays a central role in regulating iron uptake by promoting internalization and degradation of ferroportin, the only known cellular iron exporter. Hypoxia suppresses hepcidin, thereby enhancing intestinal iron uptake and release from internal stores. While HIF, a central mediator of cellular adaptation to hypoxia, directly regulates renal and hepatic EPO synthesis under hypoxia, the molecular basis of hypoxia/HIF-mediated hepcidin suppression in the liver remains unclear. Here, we used a genetic approach to disengage HIF activation from EPO synthesis and found that HIF-mediated suppression of the hepcidin gene (Hamp1) required EPO induction. EPO induction was associated with increased erythropoietic activity and elevated serum levels of growth differentiation factor 15. When erythropoiesis was inhibited pharmacologically, Hamp1 was no longer suppressed despite profound elevations in serum EPO, indicating that EPO by itself is not directly involved in Hamp1 regulation. Taken together, we provide in vivo evidence that Hamp1 suppression by the HIF pathway occurs indirectly through stimulation of EPO-induced erythropoiesis.
KLF2 Transcription-Factor Deficiency in T Cells Results in Unrestrained Cytokine Production and Upregulation of Bystander Chemokine Receptors
Authors: Michael A. Weinreich, Kensuke Takada, Cara Skon, Steven L. Reiner, Stephen C. Jameson, Kristin A. Hogquist
Journal: Immunity (2009)
Anti‐mitotic activity of colchicine and the structural basis for its interaction with tubulin
Authors: Bhabatarak Bhattacharyya, Dulal Panda, Suvroma Gupta, Mithu Banerjee
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2007)

In this review, an attempt has been made to throw light on the mechanism of action of colchicine and its different analogs as anti-cancer agents. Colchicine interacts with tubulin and perturbs the assembly dynamics of microtubules. Though its use has been limited because of its toxicity, colchicine can still be used as a lead compound for the generation of potent anti-cancer drugs. Colchicine binds to tubulin in a poorly reversible manner with high activation energy. The binding interaction is favored entropically. In contrast, binding of its simple analogs AC or DAAC is enthalpically favored and commences with comparatively low activation energy. Colchicine-tubulin interaction, which is normally pH dependent, has been found to be independent of pH in the presence of microtubule-associated proteins, salts or upon cleavage of carboxy termini of tubulin. Biphasic kinetics of colchicines-tubulin interaction has been explained in light of the variation in the residues around the drug-binding site on beta-tubulin. Using the crystal structure of the tubulin-DAMAcolchicine complex, a detailed discussion on the pharmacophore concept that explains the variation of affinity for different colchicine site inhibitors (CSI) has been discussed.