tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cerebellar Ataxia and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies
Authors: Helena Ariño, Nuria Gresa-Arribas, Yolanda Blanco, Eugenia Martínez-Hernández, Lidia Sabater, Mar Petit-Pedrol, Idoia Rouco, Luis Bataller, Josep O. Dalmau, Albert Saiz, Francesc Graus
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Current clinical and immunologic knowledge on cerebellar ataxia (CA) with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies (GAD65-Abs) is based on case reports and small series with short-term follow-up data.To report the symptoms, additional antibodies, prognostic factors, and long-term outcomes in a cohort of patients with CA and GAD65-Abs.Retrospective cohort study and laboratory investigations at a center for autoimmune neurologic disorders among 34 patients with CA and GAD65-Abs, including 25 with long-term follow-up data (median, 5.4 years; interquartile range, 3.1-10.3 years).Analysis of clinicoimmunologic features and predictors of response to immunotherapy. Immunochemistry on rat brain, cultured neurons, and human embryonic kidney cells expressing GAD65, GAD67, α1-subunit of the glycine receptor, and a repertoire of known cell surface autoantigens were used to identify additional antibodies. Twenty-eight patients with stiff person syndrome and GAD65-Abs served as controls.The median age of patients was 58 years (range, 33-80 years); 28 of 34 patients (82%) were women. Nine patients (26%) reported episodes of brainstem and cerebellar dysfunction or persistent vertigo several months before developing CA. The clinical presentation was subacute during a period of weeks in 13 patients (38%). Nine patients (26%) had coexisting stiff person syndrome symptoms. Systemic organ-specific autoimmunities (type 1 diabetes mellitus and others) were present in 29 patients (85%). Twenty of 25 patients with long-term follow-up data received immunotherapy (intravenous immunoglobulin in 10 and corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin or other immunosuppressors in 10), and 7 of them (35%) improved. Predictors of clinical response included subacute onset of CA (odds ratio [OR], 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25-0.99; P = .047) and prompt immunotherapy (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99; P = .01). Similar frequencies of serum GAD67-Abs were found in patients with CA (24 of 34 patients [71%]) and in patients with stiff person syndrome (20 of 28 patients [71%]). However, GAD67-Abs were found in all of the cerebrospinal fluid samples examined (22 samples from patients with CA and 17 samples from patients with stiff person syndrome). Glycine receptor antibodies but not other cell surface antibodies were identified in 4 patients with CA. The presence of glycine receptor antibodies did not correlate with any specific clinical feature.In patients with CA and GAD65-Abs, subacute onset of symptoms and prompt immunotherapy are associated with good outcome. Persistent vertigo or brainstem and cerebellar episodes can herald CA and should lead to GAD65-Ab testing, particularly in patients with systemic organ-specific autoimmunities.
Relationships between beat-to-beat interval and the strength of contraction in the healthy and diseased human heart.
Authors: W A Seed, M I Noble, J M Walker, G A Miller, J Pidgeon, D Redwood, R Wanless, M R Franz, M Schoettler, J Schaefer
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Twenty-six adult patients, classified by clinical and catheter criteria into groups of those with normal and abnormal left ventricular function, were studied during cardiac catheterization. Right heart pacing was established, and left ventricular dP/dt was measured with end-catheter manometers. By varying the interval preceding a test beat after periods of steady pacing it was confirmed that recovery of left ventricular mechanical function (maximum dP/dt) occurs approximately 800 msec (optimum interval) after a beat. The augmentation of maximum dP/dt of the first 2 beats after an extrasystole, each spaced at the optimum interval, was also studied; the amount of potentiation was varied by alterations in extrasystolic interval. Potentiation decayed from the first to the second postextrasystolic beat with a ratio that was fixed in each individual patient. The ratio (recirculation fraction) was higher in patients with normal than in those with abnormal left ventricular function (mean +/- SD 0.52 +/- 0.10 vs 0.37 +/- 0.11, p less than .005). There was an inverse relationship between this ratio and the degree of potentiation of the first postextrasystolic beat (r = .80, p less than .001). We postulate a disturbance of excitation-contraction coupling mechanisms to explain these effects.
Why Consent May Not Be Needed For Organ Procurement
Authors: James Delaney, David B. Hershenov
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

Most people think it is wrong to take organs from the dead if the potential donors had previously expressed a wish not to donate. Yet people respond differently to a thought experiment that seems analogous in terms of moral relevance to taking organs without consent. We argue that our reaction to the thought experiment is most representative of our deepest moral convictions. We realize not everyone will be convinced by the conclusions we draw from our thought experiment. Therefore, we point out that the state ignores consent in performing mandatory autopsies in some cases. If readers are willing to give up the permissibility of mandatory autopsies, we then offer some metaphysical arguments against posthumous harm. Drawing upon claims about bodies ceasing to exist at death and Epicurean-inspired arguments against posthumous interests, we make a case for an organ conscription policy which respects fundamental liberal principles of autonomy, bodily integrity, and property.
Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells: Therapeutic Applications in Disease and Injury, Volume 2
Authors: Paulette Mehta
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Before and After</i>and<i>Superman</i>
Authors: James C. Harris
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

When 8-year-old Andy Warhol made odd shaking movements in school, hewas teased andbulliedbyhis peers.When the movements persisted and worsened, he received a diagnosis of Sydenham chorea (historically known as St. Vitus dance), an autoimmune complication of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infection2,3; it is a neurological variant of rheumatic fever. InWarhol’s childhood, it affected about 20% of children who, like Warhol himself, had received an earlier diagnosis of scarlet fever. Although Warhol (born August 6, 1928) recalls 3 episodes during the summermonths (first epigraph), only 1 episode (with a relapse) is documented; it kept him out of school for about 8 weeks. As his movements resolved, his mother gave him comic books and movie magazines to look at, and she read to him and fed him Campbell’s Soup.Theyoungestof 3brothers,AndyWarholwasa frail child with a protective mother; the chorea made the family even more attentive tohim.Hebecameenamoredwithmovie stars and comic book heroes, particularly Popeye and Dick Tracy. Lying in bed with his Charlie McCarthy doll (first epigraph), he dreamed of becoming a movie star or hero. In 1938, a new breedof comic bookhero, the superhero, appeared in the first issue of Action Comics. Mild mannered Clark Kent’s transformationtoSupermanwasparticularlyappealing tochildren, like Warhol, who were anxious and insecure.4 Warholwaspreoccupiedwithhis physical appearance.He hadadermatological condition,probablyvitiligo,withblotchy skin, and apparently rosacea that left his nose red and enlarged. His physician noted thatWarhol had small hemangiomas on his scrotum, which were another source of embarrassment.3 It boosted his self-esteemwhen hismother tookhim for freedrawing lessonsonSaturdaymornings at the Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.2 Warhol’sparentsweredevoutByzantineCatholicswho immigrated to Pittsburgh from Eastern Europe. Andy attended church services each Sunday and sat before the iconostasis, a wall of icons and religious paintings meant to bring the believer face to face with a timeless spiritual presence. He was inneedof suchsupport.His fatherhadacholecystectomywith complicationsand laterbecameseverely jaundicedafterdrinking contaminated water on a job; he died at 53 years of age, whenAndywas 13yearsof age.Twoyears later, hismotherunderwent emergency surgery for colon cancerwith a fifty-fifty chance of surviving. Her convalescence took its toll too. Funds his father set aside for his education allowedAndy to enroll at the Carnegie Institute School of Technology. He graduated with a bachelor of fine arts degree in 1949 and immediatelymoved toNewYork,where his career as a commercial artist took off. Within 10 years, he was the leading commercial artist in New York City.
The most frequent t(14;19)(q32;q13)-positive B-cell malignancy corresponds to an aggressive subgroup of atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: E Chapiro, I Radford-Weiss, C Bastard, I Luquet, C Lefebvre, E Callet-Bauchu, D Leroux, P Talmant, M-J Mozziconacci, F Mugneret, S Struski, S Raynaud, J Andrieux, C Barin, M Jotterand, H Mossafa, S Ramond, C Terré, E Lippert, F Berger, P Felman, H Merle-Béral, O A Bernard, F Davi, R Berger, F Nguyen-Khac
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Structure and physical map of 64 variable segments in the 3′ 0.8–megabase region of the human immunoglobulin heavy–chain locus
Authors: Fumihiko Matsuda, Euy Kyun Shin, Hitoshi Nagaoka, Ryusuke Matsumura, Makoto Haino, Yosho Fukita, Shigeo Taka-ishi, Takashi Imai, John H. Riley, Rakesh Anand, Eiichi Soeda, Tasuku Honjo
Journal: Nature Genetics (1993)
Hypervascular Benign and Malignant Liver Tumors That Require Differentiation from Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Key Points of Imaging Diagnosis
Authors: Takamichi Murakami, Masakatsu Tsurusaki
Journal: Liver Cancer (2014)

Most liver tumors are benign and hypervascular, and it is important to avoid unnecessary interventions for benign lesions. This review describes the typical and atypical imaging features of common hypervascular benign liver tumors and outlines a general approach to distinguishing between benign and malignant hepatic lesions. There are many types of benign liver tumors that need to be differentiated from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, it is very important to know the imaging characteristics of benign tumors. Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in diagnosing hypervascular pseudotumors, focal nodular hyperplasia, and nodular lesions associated with alcohol-induced hepatitis. There are also some hypervascular malignant tumors, such as cholangiocarcinoma, cholangiolocellular carcinoma, mixed type tumors, and metastatic liver tumors, which also required differentiation from HCC.
Imexon-Induced Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Tumor Cells Is Caspase-8 Dependent
Authors: Andrew M. Evens, Sheila Prachand, Bo Shi, Mary Paniaqua, Leo I. Gordon, Ronald B. Gartenhaus
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Imexon is a 2-cyanoaziridine agent that has been shown to inhibit growth of chemotherapy-sensitive myeloma cells through apoptosis with decreased cellular stores of glutathione and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). We examined the mechanism of imexon cytotoxicity in a diverse panel of dexamethasone and chemotherapy-sensitive and -resistant myeloma cell lines.We examined cellular cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and changes in redox state in dexamethasone-sensitive (C2E3), dexamethasone-resistant (1-310 and 1-414), chemotherapy-sensitive (RPMI-8226), and chemotherapy-resistant (DOX-1V and DOX-10V) myeloma cell lines.We found significant cytotoxicity after 48-h incubation with imexon (80-160 microM) in dexamethasone and chemotherapy-sensitive and -resistant myeloma cell lines in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The mechanism of imexon cytotoxicity in all cell lines was related to induction of apoptosis with the presence of cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, after imexon exposure in C2E3 and 1-414 cell lines, we demonstrated caspase-8-dependent apoptosis. Bcl-2:bax was proapoptotic with imexon in C2E3, whereas bcl-2:bax was independent of steroid resistance, chemotherapy sensitivity, and chemotherapy resistance. Depletion of intracellular glutathione was documented in RPMI-8226 at high imexon concentrations (>or=225 microM) but not in other cell lines. Furthermore, ROS were found in C2E3, RPMI-8226, and 1-310 only at high imexon concentrations, whereas a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, was not increased in any cell line.Our results demonstrate that imexon has significant broad antimyeloma activity that is mediated through apoptotic mechanisms that is not dependent on production of ROS. Moreover, we have identified a mechanism of cytotoxicity in dexamethasone-sensitive and -resistant myeloma cells induced by imexon that is caspase-8 dependent.
Epigenetics and miRNA expression as mediators of A549 lung cancer cells resistance to DNA damaging anticancer drugs
Authors: R. El-Awady, F. Herzi, H. Al-Tunaiji, E. Saleh, A. E.-H. Abd El-Wahab, A.A. Homssi, M. Suhail, A. El-Sairafi, T. Al-Tel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF EXPERIMENTAL POLIOMYELITIS INFECTION
Authors: Albert B. Sabin, Robert Ward
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

1. Eight rhesus monkeys with experimental poliomyelitis following intrasciatic inoculation of "M.V." virus were used to study the extent of virus spread in the central and peripheral nervous systems and the question of its elimination in the nasal secretions. 2. Tests on nasal secretions collected on absorbent cotton plugs daily and continuously from the moment of inoculation to the end of the disease failed to reveal virus. 3. No virus was found in the olfactory bulbs, nasal mucosa, tonsils and adjacent pharyngeal tissue, salivary glands, adrenals, superior cervical sympathetic ganglia, abdominal celiac ganglia, and small intestine. 4. Elimination of virus by the nasal route was not one of the consequences of poliomyelitis infection resulting from invasion of the "M.V." virus by way of a peripheral nerve in rhesus monkeys. 5. No indiscriminate widespread dissemination of virus occurred in the central nervous system of the intraneurally inoculated rhesus monkeys nor did the virus spread outward sufficiently to involve the collateral sympathetic ganglia or the collections of nerve cells in various peripheral tissues. Under certain circumstances, therefore, the presence of virus in these ganglia and tissues may be used as an index to the portal of entry of the virus.
The dominant negative β isoform of the glucocorticoid receptor is uniquely expressed in erythroid cells expanded from polycythemia vera patients
Authors: Lilian Varricchio, Elena Masselli, Elena Alfani, Angela Battistini, Giovanni Migliaccio, Alessandro Maria Vannucchi, Wenyong Zhang, Damiano Rondelli, James Godbold, Barbara Ghinassi, Carolyn Whitsett, Ronald Hoffman, Anna Rita Migliaccio
Journal: Blood (2011)
To Butterfly or To Needle: The Specimen Testing Question
Authors: Lukas Hefler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters2 November 2004To Butterfly or To Needle: The Specimen Testing QuestionLukas Hefler, MDLukas Hefler, MDFrom Medical University Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-9-200411020-00033-w2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. Miller for his comment on our letter. As he pointed out, specimen quantity and quality are probably as important as venipuncture success rates and patient discomfort. On the basis of our study, we can address only specimen quantity. We noted failure of blood collection when a second venipuncture had to be performed, for whatever reason, to fill all blood tubes. If problems with specimen quantity had arisen because the butterfly device led to additional venipuncture attempts, we would have noticed an increased failure rate with the butterfly device. Because we observed a decreased failure rate, ...Reference1. Grant MS. The effect of blood drawing techniques and equipment on the hemolysis of ED laboratory blood samples. J Emerg Nurs. 2003;29:116-21. [PMID: 12660692] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Medical University Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTo Butterfly or To Needle: The Pilot Phase Lukas Hefler , Christoph Grimm , Sepp Leodolter , and Clemens Tempfer To Butterfly or To Needle: The Specimen Testing Question William M. Miller Metrics Cited byRELATION BETWEEN OBESITY AND THYROID STATUS IN GERIATRIC INDIVIDUALS OF AHMEDABAD CITY 2 November 2004Volume 141, Issue 9Page: W-140KeywordsBloodClinical laboratoriesDecision makingPhlebotomyResearch laboratories ePublished: 2 November 2004 Issue Published: 2 November 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Identification of a Novel Complex<i>BRAF</i>Mutation Associated With Major Clinical Response to Vemurafenib in a Patient With Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Benoit Busser, Marie Therese Leccia, Guillaume Gras-Combe, Ivan Bricault, Isabelle Templier, Antoine Claeys, Marie Jeanne Richard, Florence de Fraipont, Julie Charles
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

There is an increasing interest in BRAF V600 mutations in melanomas and their associated sensitivity to vemurafenib, a BRAF inhibitor. However, physicians cannot find information in the literature about vemurafenib response for rare and/or atypical BRAF mutations.We describe the identification of a novel complex BRAF mutation associated with major clinical response to vemurafenib in a patient with metastatic melanoma. Using a pyrosequencing method, we determined that the tumor positive for mutated BRAF, uncovering a novel c.1799_1803delinsAT; p.V600-K601>D variant. We uncovered this atypical BRAF mutation with 2 different sequencing methods, both in the primary lesion and in 1 metastasis. The patient was immediately treated with vemurafenib as monotherapy and achieved a prolonged (5.5-month) positive response.We analyzed the consequences of the BRAF V600-K601>D mutation in terms of amino acids. We referred to the published data and databases to screen chemical properties of well-known BRAF V600 mutations and other complex BRAF mutations to find common features of activated BRAF mutations. Importantly, we highlighted that both the site of the mutation and the involved amino acids are important to predict vemurafenib response. Our conclusion is that complex BRAF mutation surrounding codon 600 could also be sensitive to BRAF inhibitors.
Herniation of the Liver through the Foramen of Morgagni
Authors: Robert L. Berger, J. Rodriguez-Aguero, Irving M. Madoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

HERNIATION through the foramen of Morgagni is a rare occurrence, and it is even more unusual to find a portion of the liver as the sole occupant of the hernial sac. In a series of 534 diaphragmatic hernias reported by Harrington1 14 were of the retrosternal type, and none of these involved the liver. A review of 83 hernias through the foramen of Morgagni revealed 1 case of combined liver and colon herniation, and in no case was there only liver in the sac.2 Although only a few scattered reports refer to this entity3 , 4 it must be seen more often . . .
Responsibility for the Provision of Drugs
Authors: J. Murdoch, W. F. de C. Veale
Journal: BMJ (1965)

The entrant's share is low while he absorbs the intricacies of an established practice, theoretically leaning heavily for advice, etc., on his senior.How often does this work out ?Is the long and slow climb to parity necessary ?The prolonged discrepancies between share and work load all too commonly cause bad feeling and bitterness.Finally, is it not sad that any young man, proud of his heritage, product of a Scottish medical school, deems it necessary to leave his parents, friends, and familiar way of life and travel thousands of miles in the hope of making things better for himself and his family to a country of which, apart from the little he has learned from letters and journals, he knows nothing at all ?-I am, etc.,
Clinical response to adalimumab treatment in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: Double-blind, randomized controlled trial and open-label extension study
Authors: Kenneth B. Gordon, Richard G. Langley, Craig Leonardi, Darryl Toth, M. Alan Menter, Sewon Kang, Michael Heffernan, Bruce Miller, Regina Hamlin, Liberata Lim, Jianhua Zhong, Rebecca Hoffman, Martin M. Okun
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)