tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic Snare Papillectomy in Patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Ampullary Adenoma
Authors: G Bertoni, R Sassatelli, E Nigrisoli, G Bedogni
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

The optimal treatment of adenomas of the papilla of Vater has still not been definitively established, and the endoscopic excision of such lesions has received little attention in the literature. We report here the cases of two patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, in whom ampullary adenomas measuring 8 and 20 mm, respectively, were treated using one-piece snare excision of the lesion together with the papilla (snare papillectomy), followed by temporary biliopancreatic drainage. Procedure-related complications were an oozing-type hemorrhage and a mild pancreatitis, easily controlled by conservative measures. During the 18-month follow-up, one patient had a small recurrence that was successfully retreated. Further endoscopic and biopsy controls were negative.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome: Lessons may be learnt from the outbreak of legionnaires' disease in Barrow in Furness
Authors: A. F Smith
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Zambon's editorial describes the challenge that outbreaks such as that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) might pose for healthcare systems.1 We have analysed the local organisational response to the outbreak of legionnaires' disease in Barrow in Furness last summer. Some features may be relevant to large scale “medical” incidents such as SARS, influenza epidemics, and the effects of biological terrorism. …
Deaths related to intrapartum asphyxia
Authors: J. A D Spencer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Paper p 657 

Fetal death in labour is extremely rare. Although the total fetal death (stillbirth) rate has more than halved over the past 30 years, and is now about 5.5 per 1000 total births, the rate of intrapartum fetal death in babies above 1500 g is only 0.3 per 1000 total births. 1 2 Hypoxia is thought to be a factor in 90% of intrapartum deaths,2 and much of the reduction has been credited to continuous fetal heart rate monitoring, introduced into clinical practice about 30 years ago. Use of continuous fetal heart rate monitoring was soon found to be associated with significant falls in perinatal mortality, 3 4 and further evidence for an inverse association between the level of perinatal technology and the incidence of intrapartum fetal death came from the 1980 American national fetal mortality survey.5 Interestingly, the Dublin randomised controlled trial of fetal heart rate monitoring in …
Human as hero
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Speaking last week at a lecture in his honour hosted by the National Patient Safety Agency, James Reason, the world expert on human error, said he was shifting his focus from “human as hazard” to “human as hero,” a species capable of heroic attention to detail. The very next day ex-fighter pilot Chelsey B Sullenberger became America’s perfect hero with his textbook landing of a stricken passenger plane on the Hudson River.

The lecturer was Atul Gawande, surgeon, writer, and global champion of patient safety. He held the packed hall spellbound. “I think of medicine as a test of our ability to manage extreme complexity,” he …
Identification and characterization of Hoxa9 binding sites in hematopoietic cells
Authors: Yongsheng Huang, Kajal Sitwala, Joel Bronstein, Daniel Sanders, Monisha Dandekar, Cailin Collins, Gordon Robertson, James MacDonald, Timothee Cezard, Misha Bilenky, Nina Thiessen, Yongjun Zhao, Thomas Zeng, Martin Hirst, Alfred Hero, Steven Jones, Jay L. Hess
Journal: Blood (2011)
Annual Rotavirus Epidemic Patterns in North America
Authors: Charles W. LeBaron
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Rotavirus is the major cause of severe diarrhea in children. A recent study of hospitalizations for diarrhea in the United States suggested that the annual rotavirus epidemic may follow a regional sequence from west to east. As part of a program to establish active surveillance of rotavirus prior to the introduction of vaccines, we obtained 5 years of retrospective data on rotavirus detections from 88 centers throughout North America. Analysis of 34 644 detections indicates that the peak of the annual rotavirus epidemic occurs first in Mexico and the Southwest of the United States in late fall, goes systematically across the continent in the winter, and ends in the Northeast United States and the Maritime Provinces of Canada in the spring. When detections are grouped by region, onset of the epidemic follows the same regional sequence as the peak. To our knowledge, this is the only description of a repetitive geographic sequence for the seasonal epidemic activity of a viral agent. Further studies are indicated to determine whether climate, features of the virus itself, or other factors are responsible for this apparently unique pattern. A system of active surveillance can use this pattern to detect natural alterations in the epidemic behavior of rotavirus and to assess the impact of vaccines. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:983-988)
Regulation of hepatic metabolism: Intra and intercellular compartmentation.
Authors: Keith S. Henley
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

They should focus primarily on the contents and significance of this book, but may comment on any aspect of the book, such as style, appearance, type size, quality of illustrations, adequacy of index, cost or any other feature.Reviewers should feel free to enliven the review by quoting from it, giving examples and comparing it with other books or the classic in the field.
Prenatal Exposure to Airborne Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Children’s Intelligence at 5 Years of Age in a Prospective Cohort Study in Poland
Authors: Susan Claire Edwards, Wieslaw Jedrychowski, Maria Butscher, David Camann, Agnieszka Kieltyka, Elzbieta Mroz, Elzbieta Flak, Zhigang Li, Shuang Wang, Virginia Rauh, Frederica Perera
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

In this prospective cohort study of Caucasian mothers and children in Krakow, Poland, we evaluated the role of prenatal exposure to urban air pollutants in the pathogenesis of neurobehavioral disorders.
APPLICATION OF SWIMMING POOL SANITATION TO THE PUBLIC BATHING BEACH
Authors: WILLIS P. BAKER
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The approved sanitation of swimming pools requires attention to certain details of construction, treatment of water used and regulations for the bathers entering the pool. Pools constructed with smooth or glazed walls and rounded corners lend themselves to easy cleansing. An overflow gutter about the edge serves to skim off floating débris and acts as a cuspidor for the bathers. The desire for some active disinfectant within the water itself has made the addition of chemical substances more popular than either ozone or ultraviolet ray treatment, both of which sterlize the water outside the pool. Chlorin is the disinfectant of choice because of its ease of application, either as chlorinated lime or as liquid chlorin, because of its high germicidal property and its low cost. Bathers are usually required to take a complete shower bath with soap before entering the pool, and those suffering from any infectious disease are excluded.
Prognostic Role of Luminal Subtype in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Fulvestrant in the Confirm Trial
Authors: I. Migliaccio, C. Biagioni, J. Thirlwell, F. Galardi, C. Guarducci, G. Capaccioli, M. Truglia, Y. Rukazenkov, A. di Leo, L. Malorni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Asthma and employment in young adults.
Authors: B Sibbald, H R Anderson, S McGuigan
Journal: Thorax (1992)

Little is known about the effect of asthma on employment. The relation between employment history at the age of 23 years and a history of asthma or wheeze was investigated in a controlled prospective study using data collected in the National Child Development Study, a longitudinal survey of all children born in the United Kingdom in one week in March 1958.Information about subjects' medical condition was collected at four ages (7, 11, 16, and 23 years) for the original cohort of 17,319 births. At 23 years information about employment and education was obtained for 12,534 subjects (72%), of whom 460 (4%) had current asthma or wheeze, 2758 (22%) had past asthma or wheeze, and 5161 (41%) had never had asthma or wheeze. The remaining subjects could not be classified accurately.The risk of unemployment was higher in subjects with a current history of asthma or wheeze (odds ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.61) or a past history of asthma or wheeze (odds ratio 1.54, 95% CI 1.27-1.85) than in those with no such history, after subjects' sex, region of birth, maximum educational qualification, and father's social class had been controlled for. Current and past asthma or wheezing illness predicted a worse employment history in terms of most of the outcomes examined, including mean percentage of months employed since leaving school, mean number of months in current full time job, mean percentage of months unemployed since leaving school, likelihood of being out of the labour force owing to long term illness, and the proportion attaining social groups 1-3. The differences from those who had never had asthma or a wheezing illness were, however, small and generally non-significant.Asthma has only a small adverse effect on employment in young adults.
Growth hormone replacement in adults
Authors: S M Shalet, S J Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1994)

on accidents, cancer, or cardiovascular disease, depending on the age chosen.Many other topics, such as AIDS, can be supported by presenting information on international varia- tions or time trends.In each case the underlying assumptions determining what measure is used must be justified and debated.Evidence must be up to date and must be reviewed systematically, as in the work of the Cochrane Collaboration.When uncertainty exists it must be recognised.Basic epidemiological and evaluative principles must be adhered to.Guidelines must be developed independently of the pharmaceutical and medical technology industries, with full disclosure of conflicts of interest.This, in turn, places an obligation on governments to support these activities.Some method of incorporating the views of the public and patients must be sought.Health professionals should not seek to speak on subjects that they know little about.At a high level meeting such as this it is surely as inappropriate to have a clinical cardiologist talk about economics as it would be for an economist to describe the finer details of lipid metabolism.It must be recognised that health care evaluation is now multi isciplinary.Meetings such as last week's forum may be counter- productive.There may have been a case for a "Europe against heart disease" programme, but those contributing to this meeting did not make it.The social affairs commissioner, Padraig Flynn, has repeated his determination to develop relevant and appropriate policies, but at the forum he emphasised the need to define effective interventions.Cardiovascular disease is an important topic requiring action at a European level.Within Europe, rates vary widely, and several European Union policies inhibit necessary changes in diet and tobacco consumption.But if professionals are going to influence politicians at a European level they need to do much better than this.
Differentiation between essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera with marked thrombocytosis
Authors: Harry J. Iland, John Laszlo, Delvyn C. Case, Scott Murphy, Thomas A. Reichert, C. Y. Tso, Louis R. Wasserman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract Accurate distinction between essential thrombocythemia and thrombocytotic polycythemia vera requires determination of the red cell mass in the presence of adequate iron stores, but this is not always possible. We therefore compared the clinical and laboratory features at the time of presentation of 50 patients with unequivocal essential thrombocythemia and 27 patients with thrombocytotic polycythemia vera. Univariate analysis failed to identify any single parameter capable of reliably separating the groups. A logistic regression algorithm incorporating hematocrit, white cell count, and spleen size markedly increased the diagnostic accuracy (92 %) compared with predictions based on the hematocrit alone (52 %). The algorithm's usefulness for patients with intermediate hematocrits was confirmed by analysis of independent samples of essential thrombocythemia and thrombocytotic polycythemia vera patients, and also by analysis of patients with probable essential thrombocythemia in whom the diagnosis could not be confirmed because of inadequate exclusion of polycythemia vera. Furthermore, comparison of survival data suggests that differentiating these disorders is prognostically important. The algorithm is recommended as an alternate method for differentiating essential thrombocythemia from thrombocytotic polycythemia vera whenever the red cell mass is unavailable or iron deficiency cannot be excluded.
Unusually High Levels of Blood Alcohol?
Authors: Bengt Lindblad
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A consecutive three-month study of alcohol-intoxicated patients admitted to the casualty ward showed 24 patients with an initial serum alcohol concentration above 110 millimols/liter. Eight patients were excluded because of insufficient data. Eight of the remaining 16 patients showed surprisingly slight depression of the central nervous system (CNS). (<i>JAMA</i>236:1600-1602, 1976)
ACUTE POSTOPERATIVE OBSTRUCTION OF THE LOWER SMALL INTESTINE
Authors: CARL B. SCHUTZ
Journal: JAMA (1934)

In the wide publicity that has been accorded the subject of intestinal obstruction, little attempt has been made to separate high obstruction from low obstruction. In the average discussion of either type both the symptoms and the treatment are based on a summation of observations made on the two types of obstruction. This has, I think, resulted in failure to appreciate several very important peculiarities in the symptoms and the general clinical picture of low obstruction. Indeed, I believe it largely accounts for the very unsatisfactory results that follow the occurrence of low obstruction as a postoperative complication. If reliable statistics were obtainable I believe it would be discovered that the mortality of low obstruction is greater than that of high obstruction. Statistics on the subject of low obstruction are not accurate because the final diagnoses on hospital charts, from which data are obtained, are not confirmed by visual evidence
Vitamin E Deficiency and Peripheral Edema
Authors: Esther Granot
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 November 1989Vitamin E Deficiency and Peripheral EdemaEsther Granot, MD, David Raveh, MD, Rami Eliakim, MDEsther Granot, MDSearch for more papers by this author, David Raveh, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Rami Eliakim, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-10-859_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Vitamin E deficiency resulting from prolonged fat malabsorption is associated with a progressive neuromyopathy and ophthalmoplegia. In abetalipoproteinemia, retinopathy and neurologic manifestations may be prevented by vitamin E supplementation (1). In infants with very low birthweight, vitamin E deficiency may present as hemolytic anemia and edema (2). Vitamin E deficiency has not been implicated as a cause of edema in any other age group.We recently treated a 32-year-old woman who had had bilateral asymmetrical pitting edema of the lower limbs since 17 years of age. Blood protein levels, cardiac studies, Doppler venous recordings, and thyroid function...References1. Rudolph N. Vitamin E. In Rudolph AM, ed. Pediatrics. 18th edition. Norwalk, Connecticut: Appleton and Lange; 1987:174-5. Google Scholar2. Dallman P. Iron, vitamin E and folate in the pre-term infant. J Pediatr. 1974;85:742-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Scott M. Advances in our understanding of vitamin E. Fed Proceed. 1980;39:2736-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. NoguchiCantorScott TAM. Mode of action of selenium and vitamin E in prevention of exudative diathesis in chicks. J Nutr. 1973;103:1502-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Haeger K. Longtime treatment of intermittent claudication with vitamin E. Am J Clin Nutr. 1974;27:1179-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1989Volume 111, Issue 10Page: 859-859KeywordsAge groupsBloodEdemaFatsHemolytic anemiaInfantsProteinsRetinopathyThyroidVitamin E Issue Published: 15 November 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Det Syke Barn (The Sick Child)
Authors: C. Martin
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Det Syke Barn ( The Sick Child ) isn’t a textbook of Norwegian paediatrics; it’s a painting by Edvard Munch that was first exhibited in Oslo in 1886. It’s not the artist’s best known painting, that of a screaming figure with hands clasped to a contorted face, now debased in countless parodies and caricatures. But Munch’s image of a mortally ill girl or young woman is important because it marks a definitive transition in his painting style, from traditional realism to a more abstract and subjective expressionism.

Initially exhibited with the unspecific title Study , the painting’s …
The Effect of Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography on the Management of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
Authors: HOSSEIN JADVAR, DENISE L. JOHNSON, GEORGE M. SEGALL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

To assess the effect of positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) on the treatment of patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma.We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 38 patients with newly diagnosed (n = 25) and recurrent (n = 13) cutaneous melanoma who were referred for evaluation with FDG PET imaging at our institution. We compared the PET findings with computed tomography (CT), which was available in 21 (55%) patients, and tabulated the changes in the diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management that were prompted by PET during a follow-up period of 10 to 36 months.Compared with PET, the extent of disease was underestimated by CT in 5 (13%) patients. Planned surgical resection of metastases was canceled in two of these patients. In another patient, surveillance PET detected an unsuspected hypermetabolic abdominal mass that was noted on a subsequent CT to arise from the small bowel. The mass was found to be jejunal metastatic melanoma at the time of resection. Overall, PET influenced surgical management in 3 (8%) patients, but it did not affect the wait-and-watch strategy or decision to initiate immunotherapy in the others.FDG PET contributes important information not provided by CT and has a substantial effect on the clinical management of patients with malignant melanoma.
Oral Beraprost Sodium, a Prostaglandin I <sub>2</sub> Analogue, for Intermittent Claudication
Authors: Michel Lièvre, Sophie Morand, Bruno Besse, Jean-Noel Fiessinger, Jean-Pierre Boissel, None (BERCI) Research Group ;
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Beraprost sodium (BPS) is a new stable, orally active prostaglandin I 2 analogue with antiplatelet and vasodilating properties. We report the results of a phase III clinical trial of BPS in patients with intermittent claudication. Methods and Results —Patients (n=549) with a pain-free walking distance of between 50 and 300 m were entered into a 4-week single-blind placebo run-in phase. Patients whose pain-free walking distance had changed by &lt;25% were then randomized to receive either BPS (40 μg TID, n=209) or placebo (n=213) in a double-blind manner for 6 months. Pain-free and maximum walking distances were measured on the occasion of treadmill exercise tests performed at baseline and 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 months after randomization. Success was defined as an improvement of &gt;50% in pain-free walking distance at month 6 and in ≥1 earlier treadmill exercise test in the absence of critical cardiovascular events. Success was observed more frequently in the BPS group (43.5%) than in the placebo group (33.3%, P =0.036). Pain-free walking distances increased by 81.5% and 52.5%, respectively, in the BPS and placebo groups ( P =0.001) and maximum walking distances by 60.1% and 35.0%, respectively ( P =0.004). The incidence of critical cardiovascular events was 4.8% in the BPS group and 8.9% in the placebo group. Conclusions —These results show that BPS is an effective symptomatic treatment of patients with intermittent claudication. The beneficial effects of BPS on critical cardiovascular events should be confirmed in appropriate clinical trials.
Alimentary Lipemia and the Coagulability of Blood
Authors: THOMAS W. SHEEHY, JAMES W. EICHELBERGER
Journal: Circulation (1958)

The effect of alimentary lipemia on the coagulation of blood has been studied by means of thrombelastography as a new approach to this problem. Our observations revealed no acceleration of blood coagulation during the phase of alimentary lipemia by this method, which is one of the few technics capable of demonstrating a state of hypercoagulability.
Regulation by the H-2 gene complex of macrophage-lymphoid cell interactions in secondary antibody responses in vitro.
Authors: C W Pierce, J A Kapp, B Benacerraf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

The ability of antigen-bearing syngeneic and allogeneic peptone-induced peritoneal exudate macrophages to support development of primary and secondary antibody responses by murine lymphoid or spleen cells in vitro has been investigated. The antigen used was the terpolymer of L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT). Syngeneic and allogeneic macrophages supported development of comparable primary antibody responses to GAT, indicating that genetic restrictions do not limit efficient macrophage-lymphocyte interactions in primary responses. By contrast, immunized spleen or lymphoid cells developed secondary antibody responses preferentially when stimulated in vitro with GAT on macrophages syngeneic to the macrophages used to present GAT during in vivo immunization. Thus, genetic restrictions regulate efficient macrophage-lymphocyte interactions in secondary antibody responses. These restrictions have been demonstrated from 2 to 8 wk after a single immunization with limiting quantities of GAT and are controlled by the H-2 gene complex. The implications that immune lymphocytes selectively recognize and respond to antigen presented in the context of the macrophage membrane-antigen complex which sensitized the lymphocytes initially are considered.
An Addition to Dr. Montgomery's Article.
Authors: Frank Hugh Montgomery
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Chicago, June 6, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Will you do me the favor to publish the two following foot-notes, which by mistake were omitted from the article on Cutaneous Blastomycosis published in the last issue ofThe Journal: "In photographing cultures, Tube 18 (Fig. 32) was accidentally substituted for an almost identical growth on glycerin agar, the plan being to show the variations of the organism on the same medium. The mistake was not discovered in time to secure a new cut." "Figs. 17, 19, 26, 28, 29 and Figs. 36 to 41 are from sections and cultures prepared by a former assistant, Dr. H. T. Ricketts, from our Cases 3, 4, 5. and 8, on which cases he did most of the laboratory work for us." Case 12 should have a reference to the foot-note appended to Case 13. Very truly yours,