tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ON APPENDICITIS AND PERICÆCAL INFLAMMATION. WITH NOTES OF CASES ILLUSTRATING UNUSUAL DIFFICULTIES IN DIAGNOSIS.Read before the Section of Surgery and Anatomy, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: THOS. G. MORTON
Journal: JAMA (1891)

No subject within the domain of abdominal surgery within recent years, has made such decided progress, or is at the present time, attracting more attention than that of operation for intestinal lesions, whether due to traumatism or disease. The fact that perforation so frequently complicates perityphlitis, brings the question of the management of such cases prominently before us as surgeons, and requires that we should not only entertain decided convictions as regards the pathology of the affection, but also have well matured opinions as to the details of operating, and upon the time when such operation should be performed with the least risk to the patient, and with the prospect of the most successful result. PART I.—ANATOMY, PATHOLOGY, AND DIAGNOSIS. Appendicitis, simple or perforating, with resulting perityphlitic inflammation, or pericæcal abscess, is a comparatively common pathological accident; and its diagnosis and treatment belong both to medicine proper and to surgery.
On the development of the two visual systems
Authors: John van der Kamp, Geert J. P. Savelsbergh
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Norman's reconciliation of the two theories of perception is challenged because it directly leads to the nature-nurture dichotomy in the development of the two visual systems. In contrast, the proposition of a separate development of the two visual systems may be better understood as involving different types of information that follow a distinct temporal sequence.
Declaration of Helsinki and Protection for Vulnerable Research Participants
Authors: Samia A. Hurst
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Experimental cranioplasty and skeletal augmentation using an α-tricalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate dibasic/tetracalcium phosphate monoxide cement: a preliminary short-term experiment in rabbits
Authors: K. Kurashina, H. Kurita, A. Kotani, S. Kobayashi, K. Kyoshima, M. Hirano
Journal: Biomaterials (1998)
Fibrosarcoma arising in long-standing mycosis fungoides
Authors: D.G.C. PRESBURY, I.C. TALBOT, W. F. KEALY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

A patient suffering from mycosis fungoides is described, in whom a fibrosarcoma arose in the skin. No previous report of a connective tissue sarcoma occurring in a patient with mycosis fungoides has been traced.
Appreciation to Our Peer Reviewers
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Editing and publishing a weekly journal is a fairly substantial undertaking. When it has a large international circulation and a general content, the task can be formidable. For example, the usual issue of<i>JAMA</i>in 1983 contained between 13 and 20 major articles, plus MEDICAL NEWS, LEADS FROM THE MMWR, LETTERS, BOOKS, INTERNATIONAL ABSTRACTS, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, OBITUARIES, announcements, and advertising. We published 704 major articles, which were selected from some 3,600 manuscripts, giving an acceptance rate for all manuscripts of 19%. When only unsolicited manuscripts are considered, the acceptance rate was 13%. Obviously, it takes the expertise of hundreds of people to ensure quality. All manuscripts received are briefly reviewed on the same day and assigned by Dr Southgate or myself to any one of our ten physician-editors. Each of these editors has the responsibility to review personally and the authority to consult, reject, or work with the authors
Clinical prediction rules. Have they come of age?
Authors: J. H. Wasson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The objective of clinical prediction rules (decision rules) is to reduce the uncertainty inherent in medical practice by defining how to use clinical findings to make predictions. 1 A decade ago, we assessed the quality of clinical prediction rules published from 1981 through 1984 in four major medical journals. Since then the availability of powerful computers and easy-to-use software programs has increased dramatically. This environment has stimulated the production of clinical prediction rules. During the last calendar year, JAMA published more clinical prediction rules than it did during the 4-year period covered by our original review.  In this issue ofTHE JOURNAL, Stiell et al 2 demonstrate a method for targeting use of knee radiographs in acute knee injuries by applying five clinical predictors of knee fractures. When the prevalence of fracture is 6%, the probability of a clinically important fracture is estimated to be less than 0.4%, if these
Cyclosporin A suppresses replication of hepatitis C virus genome in cultured hepatocytes
Authors: Koichi Watashi, Makoto Hijikata, Masahiro Hosaka, Masashi Yamaji, Kunitada Shimotohno
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Persistent infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Searching for a substance with anti–HCV potential, we examined the effects of a variety of compounds on HCV replication using a HCV subgenomic replicon cell culture system. Consequently, the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) was found to have a suppressive effect on the HCV replicon RNA level and HCV protein expression in these cells. CsA also inhibited multiplication of the HCV genome in a cultured human hepatocyte cell line infected with HCV using HCV–positive plasma. This anti–HCV activity of CsA appeared to be independent of its immunosuppressive function. In conclusion, our results suggest that CsA may represent a new approach for the development of anti–HCV therapy.
Medical Council of India calls for president elect of WMA to be denied post
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2010)

India’s top regulatory agency for medical affairs has called for an Indian doctor who is under investigation for allegations of corruption to be prevented from taking over as the president of the World Medical Association.

The Indian urologist Ketan Desai, a former president of the Medical Council of India, had been declared president elect of the World Medical Association last year and was to have taken up the role at the association’s annual meeting in Vancouver, Canada, which opened on 14 October. But when the association met, Dr Desai was not elected president because he failed to attend. No reason was given for his non-attendance.

India’s Central Bureau of Investigation arrested Dr …
HIV and tuberculosis in the Commonwealth
Authors: A. Nicoll, P. Godfrey-Faussett
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The countries of the Commonwealth share more than a common heritage of British rule. They also share a disproportionate burden of communicable disease, particularly HIV and tuberculosis. Yet there are also considerable success stories within Commonwealth countries in controlling these diseases—and these too should be shared. The Commonwealth heads of government meeting in Durban in November provides such an opportunity.

Though Commonwealth countries represent only 29.5% of the global population, they account for 60.5% of cases of HIV and 42.3% of those of tuberculosis (see figure and fuller table on www.bmj.com).1 2 The …
Differential expression of MHC class II subregion products on bile duct epithelial cells and hepatocytes in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Ulrich Spengler, Gerd R. Pape, Robert M. Hoffmann, Judith P. Johnson, Josef Eisenburg, Gustav Paumgartner, Gert Riethmüller
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

To study the expression of MHC Class II subregion gene products on biliary epithelial cells in primary biliary cirrhosis, frozen sections from liver biopsies of 15 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were studied immunohistochemically using HLA-D subregion specific monoclonal antibodies L243 (HLA-DR), Leu10 (HLA-DQ) and B7/21 (HLA-DP). Patients with early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis showed expression of HLA-DP, HLA-DR and HLA-DQ subregion gene products on bile duct epithelial cells. In advanced stages of disease, no MHC Class II antigens or only HLA-DR and HLA-DP were expressed on bile duct cells. While normal hepatocytes did not express detectable amounts of MHC Class II antigens, hepatocytes from liver biopsies of four patients with primary biliary cirrhosis showed a distinct staining exclusively with monoclonal antibodies specific for HLA-DR. The expression of MHC Class II antigens on parenchymal cells was independent of a lymphocytic infiltration into the tissue. This study demonstrates that bile ductular cells, but not hepatocytes, express a full set of MHC Class II molecules at least during the early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis. We propose, therefore, that the expression of both HLA-DR and HLA-DQ subregion products on bile duct epithelial cells may be a necessary, although not sufficient, condition for the initiation of an autoimmune process leading to the destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhosis.
Points: Major epileptic seizures and topical gammabenzene hexachloride
Authors: V T Kelly
Journal: BMJ (1984)

determined by the degree with which death is desired.For those who dread it, time rushes by; there is no time to do everything, as with a student approaching his finals, or a condemned man his execution.For those who have had enough of life and welcome death, time hangs heavy, as with a child awaiting Christmas Day.As Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough was wont to sigh in crippled old age, "If I could have walked out of this world, I would have departed long ago."'I Green D. Sarah, Duchess of
Experience of a Nurse Practitioner in a General Medical Clinic
Authors: John Schulman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A graduate nurse who had finished one year of preparation undertook the care of chronically ill patients in a medical clinic. Patients were chosen from the general clinic population regardless of the severity of their illnesses, although their diseases were fairly stable at the time of transfer. Most had major social and psychological problems as well as medical ones. Patients were seen by a physician only if the nurse or the patient felt it was necessary. A physician was always available for consultation and also routinely reviewed charts once weekly. At the end of six months, the nurse was following up 110 patients. Their courses were as expected, and by the available criteria, the patients were pleased with their care.
DNA variation in the genes of the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase and its relation with resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, and body fat.
Authors: O Dériaz, F Dionne, L Pérusse, A Tremblay, M C Vohl, G Côté, C Bouchard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The aim of this study was to investigate in 261 subjects from 58 families the association between DNA variation at the genes coding for the Na,K-ATPase peptides and resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ), and percent body fat (%FAT). Five restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) at three Na,K-ATPase genes were determined: one at the alpha 1 locus (BglII), and two at the beta locus (beta MspI and beta PvuII). Haplotypes were determined from the two variable sites of the alpha 2 gene (alpha 2 haplotypes) and the beta gene (beta haplotypes). There was a strong trend for %FAT to be related to the RFLP generated by BglII at the alpha 2 exons 21-22 in males (P = 0.06) and females (P = 0.05). RQ was (a) associated with the BglII RFLP at the alpha 2 exon 1 (P = 0.02) and with the alpha 2 8.0 kb/4.3 kb haplotype (P = 0.04) and (b) linked with the beta gene MspI marker (P = 0.04) and with the beta 5.3 kb/5.1 kb haplotype (P = 0.008) based on sib-pair analysis. The present study suggests that the genes encoding Na,K-ATPase may be associated or linked with RQ and perhaps with %FAT but not with RMR.
Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of the intrahepatic peribiliary capillary plexus in normal livers and extrahepatic biliary obstruction in human beings
Authors: Naoko Kono, Yasuni Nakanuma
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study was conducted on the intrahepatic peribiliary capillary plexus in normal livers and in those with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. In both conditions, capillaries positive for Ulex europaeus agglutinin I and type IV collagen were always present in the vicinity of the bile ducts. Immunoelectron microscopy showed the presence of type IV collagen on the basal lamina of these capillaries; Ulex europaeus agglutinin I was also positive on their cytoplasms. Under electron microscope, a considerable number of these capillaries were seen as being composed of fenestrated endothelium with a diaphragm and with extreme cytoplasmic attenuations that were dense at the sides facing the bile duct in comparison with the opposite sides in normal livers. In extrahepatic biliary obstruction, plasmalemmal pinocytic vesicles, multivesicular bodies and other cellular organellae such as rough endoplasmic reticulum and Weibel-Palade bodies increased in number in these capillaries, relative to normal livers, probably reflecting increased permeability and functional activities. These characteristic ultrastructural features of the peribiliary capillary plexus might be arranged to transport substances effectively by way of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in normal livers and also might be altered to meet the increased functional demands of extrahepatic biliary obstruction.
The burden of gastrointestinal disease: implications for the provision of care in the UK
Authors: M D Hellier, J G Williams
Journal: Gut (2007)

Gastroenterology involves many disciplines, including physicians, surgeons, radiologists, pathologists, nurses, dieticians, clinical scientists and general practitioners, who need to work together closely to deliver the best care. Gastrointestinal and liver disorders are common, but the specialty is poorly understood and has attracted little attention from a policy perspective. Thus, it has no National Service Framework, was not included in the “Quality and Outcome Framework” for general practice and does not attract significant charitable research funding, in comparison with many other disciplines. Yet the burden of disease relating to gastroenterology and hepatology is very considerable. Gastrointestinal disease is the third most common cause of death, and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract is the leading cause of cancer death. Including day case investigations, gastrointestinal disorders account for as many hospital admissions as respiratory illnesses, and both are second only to circulatory disorders. In the past few decades there have been increases in the incidence of most gastrointestinal diseases that have major implications for future healthcare needs. These include hepatitis C, acute and chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease, gallstone disease, upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, diverticular disease, Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal and colorectal cancers. The impairment of quality of life is substantial in terms of symptoms, activities of daily living and employment. Conditions with a particularly high level of disruption to the lives of sufferers include gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, anorectal disorders, gastrointestinal cancers and chronic liver disease.

The evidence underpinning …
Persistence of Treponema pallidum Following Penicillin G Therapy
Authors: Edmund C. Tramont
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The isolation of<i>Treponema pallidum</i>from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from two adult patients, both of whom had normal CSF values except for positive fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) tests and both of whom had received currently recommended courses of penicillin, raises important considerations in the treatment of neurosyphilis in adults. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2206-2207, 1976)
Abnormal Epinephrine Release in Young Adults With High Personal and High Parental Blood Pressures
Authors: Stephen B. Harrap, Robert Fraser, Gordon C. Inglis, Anthony F. Lever, Graham H. Beastall, Marek H. Dominiczak, Christopher J. W. Foy, Graham C. M. Watt
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system has been proposed as a cause of high blood pressure (BP) and may be related to diet and body weight. To determine the role of these factors in predisposition to high BP, we studied 100 young adults with high or low BP from families in which both parents had either high or low BP. Methods and Results Plasma catecholamine, glucose, and insulin levels were measured before and after an oral glucose load. There was a significant correlation between fasting plasma norepinephrine and mean arterial pressure ( P =.001). Subjects with high BP, irrespective of parental BP, were heavier ( P =.003) and fatter ( P =.002) and had a greater rise in plasma insulin ( P =.003) following glucose than those with low BP. Offspring with high BP whose parents also had high BP showed an unexpected rise in plasma epinephrine ( P =.004) following glucose. This adrenal medullary response was not the result of high parental or high personal BP alone as it was not seen in offspring with low BP whose parents had high BP or in offspring with high BP whose parents had low BP. Conclusions Irrespective of family history, high BP is associated with increased body weight and hyperinsulinemia and reflects personal environment and behavior. However, abnormal epinephrine release is characteristic of the combination of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors that is associated with high personal BP and a familial predisposition to high BP.
Daniel Drake and Medical Education
Authors: Charles D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1985)

For William Osler,<sup>1</sup>Daniel Drake was a unique figure in American medicine and the founder of nearly everything that is old and good in Cincinnati. Certainly he is one of the most fascinating individuals in medical history. Of particular interest is his abiding concern with education and the legacy of schools and hospitals he left behind him. In addition to founding the institutions that later became the University of Cincinnati and the Cincinnati General Hospital, he organized scientific and medical societies, a natural history museum, libraries, a botanical garden, academies, and schools of all sorts, including those for professional teachers and for the education of the blind and the deaf and dumb. Daniel Drake (1785-1852) was not only the leading pioneer physician west of the Alleghenies but also an indefatiguable man of letters, a naturalist, philosopher, teacher, and humanist. The first man in Cincinnati to receive an MD, he
Depression Severity and Effect of Antidepressant Medications
Authors: Peter Gøtzsche
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fibrinogen houston: A dysfibrinogen exhibiting defective fibrin monomer aggregation and α‐chain cross‐linkages
Authors: Ronald S. Weinger, Christine Rudy, Joel L. Moake, Charles L. Conlon, Philip L. Cimo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Abstract A 38‐year‐old male patient with a life‐long history of easy bruising and mild bleeding had a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT). Reptilase (Bathrops atrox) clotting time was normal. His undiluted and diluted plasma prolonged the APTT, PT, and TT of normal plasma. Fibrin produced from patient plasma was insoluble in 5 M urea. Plasma fibrinogen level was increased when measured as clottable protein and by Laurell electroimmunoassay. Specific assays of plasma factors II, V, VII, X, VIII, IX, XI, and XII were normal. A circulating antithrombin in patient plasma was excluded by demonstrating normal thrombin‐induced platelet aggregation of gel‐separated platelets in the presence of patient plasma. Purified patient fibrinogen reproduced the anticoagulant effect of patient plasma. Patient fibrinogen antigen was similar to normal fibrinogen antigen by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis (pH 5.2 and 8.6), and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. His unreduced purified fibrinogen had normal migration on polyacrylamide slab gels. Also, the migration in gel slabs of Aα, Bβ and γ‐polypeptide chains, produced by mercaptoethanol reduction of purified patient fibrinogen, was similar to reduced normal fibrinogen. Thrombin‐induced total fibrinopeptide release was normal. However, fibrin monomers produced from patient fibrinogen by thrombin (devoid of fibrinopeptides A and B) reaggregated abnormally; fibrin monomers produced by reptilase (devoid of only fibrinopeptides A) reaggregated normally. Fibrin generated from patient plasma in the presence of factor XIII and calcium, was defective in the formation of covalently bonded α‐α polymers and demonstrated an increased susceptibility to the lytic effects of plasmin (generated in vitro by the addition of streptokinase).