tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Is Required for Alveologenesis in the Neonatal Rat
Authors: Sanna Padela, Judy Cabacungan, Samuel Shek, Rosetta Belcastro, Man Yi, Robert P. Jankov, A. Keith Tanswell
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Our core hypothesis is that growth factors that have dysregulated expression during experimental neonatal lung injury are likely to be involved in normal postnatal lung growth and alveologenesis.To determine if hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is upregulated in neonatal lung injury and is essential for postnatal alveologenesis.A neonatal lung injury, in which there were patchy areas of interstitial thickening with a relative increase in the proportion of epithelial cells, was induced in newborn rats by exposing them to 60% oxygen for 14 days. Air-exposed pups had binding of endogenous HGF to its natural receptor, c-Met, inhibited by the intraperitoneal injection of either neutralizing antibody to HGF, or a truncated soluble c-Met receptor.The 60% oxygen-mediated lung injury was associated with increased lung mRNAs for hepatocyte growth factor and c-Met, relative to air-exposed control lungs, at Day 7 after birth. After exposure to 60% oxygen, immunoreactive HGF was increased at Days 4 and 7, and immunoreactive c-Met was increased at Day 14. In air-exposed pups, intraperitoneal injections of neutralizing antibody to HGF inhibited DNA synthesis in alveoli-forming secondary crests, and reduced the number of alveoli in 6-day-old pups. Intraperitoneal injections of a truncated soluble c-Met receptor inhibited DNA synthesis in secondary crests in 4-day-old air-exposed rat pups.HGF and its c-Met receptor are required for normal postnatal alveolar formation from secondary crests, and are upregulated during 60% oxygen-induced neonatal lung injury.
Different receptors for endotoxin may operate in the production of TNF? and tissue factor by activated hepatic macrophages
Authors: S MOCHIDA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Gli agenti simpaticomimetici sono farmaci vasopressori o inotropi positivi. Alcune catecolamine sono di origine naturale (adrenalina, noradrenalina, dopamina) e altre di origine sintetica (dobutamina, dopexamina, isoproterenolo). Altri agenti non hanno la struttura chimica delle catecolamine ma agiscono sugli stessi recettori per dare i loro effetti farmacologici (fenilefrina, efedrina). Gli agenti simpaticomimetici sono una delle basi, con l’espansione volemica, del trattamento dei distress cardiocircolatori. In presenza di uno stato di shock settico o emorragico, la noradrenalina è la catecolamina da prescrivere in prima intenzione. L’adrenalina è, dal canto suo, sempre la pietra angolare del trattamento degli stati di shock anafilattico. La dobutamina conserva un posto importante quando l’inotropismo cardiaco è alterato, benché la sua innocuità resti controversa. Non esiste alcuna indicazione a prescrivere dopamina in rianimazione.
A hexon-specific PEGylated adenovirus vector utilizing blood coagulation factor X
Authors: Hayato Matsui, Fuminori Sakurai, Kazufumi Katayama, Tomoko Yamaguchi, Sayuri Okamoto, Kohdai Takahira, Masashi Tachibana, Shinsaku Nakagawa, Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Passing the baton — to whom?
Authors: Aldo A. Rossini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Scientific discovery occasionally occurs as a sudden and dramatic leap ahead but more often proceeds at a subtler and steadier pace. Each small step forward may escape public notice but is ultimately vital to the journey’s success. Indeed, such gradual advancement represents the collective contributions of many workers in the field, some new to the journey. While the notion of combined effort and multiple contributors is honorable, it poses an inherent danger. In our society, unproven, unorthodox, or unnoticed researchers may not receive the funding or support needed to make their contributions. Furthermore, even if they have the potential to make a leap, a hostile environment may preclude their doing so. This article concentrates on the looming crisis in diabetes research, but the principles pertain to all fields of clinical and biomedical science.
Genetic Testing for Huntington's Disease — A Family Issue
Authors: Catherine V. Hayes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

For the first 33 years of my life, I lived at risk for Huntington's disease. Huntington's disease is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion: each child of a person with the disease has a 50–50 chance of inheriting the Huntington's gene. Though it may take decades for symptoms to become apparent (Huntington's disease usually strikes insidiously between the ages of 30 and 50), the gene will eventually cause the disease and lead to death after 10 to 15 years of unremitting degeneration.As a child, I discovered the well-kept family secret that my maternal grandfather had lived out his last . . .
Methylenebutyryl Phenoxyacetic Acid
Authors: Paul J. Cannon
Journal: JAMA (1963)

PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS which increase salt and water excretion by the kidney represent one of the most significant therapeutic advances in the past decade. Investigation of the nature of the action of these drugs has helped to clarify the mechanisms involved in renal transport of electrolyte and water and has provided information about the homeostatic processes controlling salt and water balance, upset of which results in edema formation. Four major categories of diuretics which act on renal tubular transport systems are recognized: (1) the organic mercurials, (2) the chloruretic sulfonamides (thiazide derivatives), (3) sulfonamides which inhibit carbonic anhydrase, and (4) aldosterone antagonists, —17 spironolactones. Recently, a chemically different group of agents has been developed, alpha, beta unsaturated ketone derivations of aryloxyacetic acids.<sup>1</sup>These compounds were found to be highly effective diuretic agents when administered to the dog, but were inactive in the rat. Compounds of the group with a significant
Successful Implantation of Teeth.
Authors: E. S Pettyjohn
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Alma, Mich., Dec. 18, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —My little daughter, aged 2 years and nine months, fell headlong down the cellar stairs and struck the two upper middle incisors on the edge of the step, extracting them as completely as if by forceps. The alveolar processes of the right tooth were fractured and the gum lacerated the entire length of the root. After the fright and the crying, which continued a half hour or more, the child was rocked to sleep in her mother's arms and placed in her buggy. We found the teeth on the cellar steps uninjured. They were placed in a normal saline solution of tepid temperature. On the arrival of an assistant with the chloroform for anesthesia, the child was sleeping quietly. Chloroform was administered without the child awakening and the teeth were placed within their sockets and pressed into position; the edge of each
SPECIFIC TOPICAL THEEAPY FOR ERYTHRASMA
Authors: A. L. MACMILLAN, I. SARKANY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— Sodium fusidate 2% ointment applied topically twice daily for 2 weeks has been found to be an effective specific local treatment for erythrasma. Corynebacterium minutissimum isolated from patients with erythrasma is sensitive to sodium fusidate in vitro.
Ambulance Service And How We Can Improve It
Authors: Rajindar K. WADHWA
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  On April 1, 1973, an evening news telecast showed the ambulance system in Russia. Russians have three different types of ambulances: (1) to manage cardiac emergencies; (2) to treat drug overdosage and poisoning; and (3) to take care of other medical and surgical emergencies. Most of their calls are entertained by qualified physicians and registered nurses. A properly equipped ambulance is sent to the site of the emergency with a physician and two nurses who start treatment immediately and then move the patient to the hospital.  Each year in the United States, about 800,000 persons die from medical and surgical emergencies, including about 600,000 heart-attack deaths, 100,000 deaths from accidents, and 100,000 deaths from miscellaneous medical and surgical emergencies. I wish we could follow the Russian example and assign at least one physician and one allied medical person to ride ambulance. Care of acutely sick patients could
Ankylosing enthesitis, dactylitis, and onychoperiostitis in male DBA/1 mice: a model of psoriatic arthritis
Authors: R J U Lories
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<b>Objectives:</b> To further characterise spontaneous arthritis in aging male DBA/1 mice as a model of spondyloarthropathy and psoriatic arthritis with particular attention to signs of inflammation and nail involvement. <b>Materials and methods:</b> Aging male DBA/1 mice from different litters were caged together (4–6 mice per cage) at the age of 12 weeks, checked twice a week for signs of arthritis, and killed at different times. Hind paws were dissected and processed for histology. <b>Results:</b> Disease incidence varied between 50% and 100% in four different experiments. Besides clinical signs of arthritis, nail abnormalities were noticed. Pathological examination showed the occurrence of dactylitis characterised by diffuse neutrophil infiltration in 6 of 50 paws examined. Onycho-periostitis with progressive destruction of the nail bed and the underlying distal phalanx was seen in 5 of 50 paws examined. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although dactylitis and onychoperiostitis are rare manifestations of the disease process, these data strongly suggest that spontaneous arthritis in aging male DBA/1 mice shares important features with human psoriatic arthritis. This model may therefore be an important tool to study links between stress, sex, inflammation, and new bone formation with particular relevance to human psoriatic arthritis.
Revascularization of the Heart
Authors: RICHARD S. HAHN, MAURICE KIM
Journal: Circulation (1952)

A free graft of vein was placed between the aorta and coronary sinus. Three weeks later the sinus was partially occluded at its ostium in the right auricle. Blood from the aorta was made available to the myocardium by way of the venous system. After these procedures were done a histologic study of the venous and arterial channels was carried out. The coronary sinus and its tributaries showed hyperplasia of the intima. The anterior cardiac veins showed dilatation with little or no hyperplasia of intima. None of the veins became occluded. Complete occlusion of major coronary arteries was done. These arteries distal to the occlusion showed medial sclerosis and atrophy. They did not show thrombosis. The myocardium distal to an occluded artery showed many vascular channels.
Rubella cataract in vitro: Sensitive period of the developing human lens.
Authors: M Karkinen-Jääskeläinen, L Saxén, A Vaheri, P Leinikki
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

The clinically known sensitive period of rubella cataract was studied in vitro by infecting 79 human eye rudiments from embryos aged 4-10 wk with rubella virus. The course of the infection was followed by histological and indirect immunofluorescence methods. Of the rudiments, 12 pairs were in the lens placode or open-lens-vesicle stage, 40 already had closed lens vesicles and in another 27 closed-stage pairs an incision was made in the lens capsule before infection to allow the virus to enter the lens. Uninfected controls differentiated well in vitro for 4-6 wk. The eye rudiments infected in the open-lens-vesicle stage showed lens fiber destruction and viral antigens within the lens. No damage or viral antigens were detected in rudiments infected in the closed stage unless the lens capsule was incisedmwhen this was done, however, fiber damage ensued and viral antigens appeared. The lens capsule was concluded to form a protective barrier around the sensirive fibers at the time of closure of the lens vesicle, confirming the earlier hypothesis and clinical findings.
F-18 FDG PET/CT Imaging in Small Cell Prostate Cancer
Authors: Rodrigo de Carvalho Flamini, Lilian Yamaga, Maria Eduarda Mello, Jairo Wagner, Marcelo Livorsi da Cunha, Akemi Osawa, Guilherme C. Campos, Marcelo Buarque de Gusmão Funari
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose was performed in a 77-year-old patient with prostatic adenocarcinoma treated with hormonal therapy, who presented 2 years later with an abdominal mass and slowly increasing prostate specific antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan showed intense uptake of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose in the prostate tumor, iliac, and periaortic lymph nodes and also in a focal area in the right lobe of the liver. The new biopsy of the tumor and lymph nodes was compatible with small cell prostate cancer.
Pathology of the Lung (Excluding Pulmonary Tuberculosis)
Authors: A. E. Rodin
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The second edition of "Spencer" has become a standard reference book during the past ten years. The third edition, like the second, is superbly written in clear and concise fashion. Although the number of pages is similar (at twice the price), the latest edition is printed in a two-column format. As before, the many excellent figures are, in themselves, useful for reference. The third edition has chapter headings identical to those in the first, but the content has been modified to incorporate the additional information on lung disease accumulated during the past decade. Discussed in detail are such recent concepts as alveolar lining and interstitial diseases and lesions associated with shock, narcotic addiction, and chemotherapeutic agents. An exception, however, is the section on bacterial pneumonias of the newborn, which has not been rewritten from the 1968 edition, despite noteworthy changes in concepts and epidemiology. There is no mention of group
Medicare Spending Slows
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

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Identical Disease in Identical Twins
Authors: E. G. W. Hoffstaedt
Journal: BMJ (1945)

With a penicillin-insensitive strain, on the other hand, the production of acid is not susceptible to inhibition by penicillin.This is shown in Table V. TABLE V Presence or Absence of Colour of Contents of Clot After Varying Tubes Before and After Final Concentration Periods of Incubation Incubation (0 02 ml. of of Penicillin in with Penicillin-insensi-0 04%/ Neutral Red Oxford Units .tive Afibrinolytic Strain was Added to Each per ml. of Staph.pyogenes Tube) 3 hrs. 9hrs.Initially 9 hrs.
Two-Year Syndromal and Functional Recovery in 219 Cases of First-Episode Major Affective Disorder With Psychotic Features
Authors: M. Tohen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Psychotic affective disorders are the most prevalent idiopathic psychoses, but their outcome from onset has rarely been studied. In this study, the authors determined the rate and latency of syndromal recovery and rates of functional recovery after first lifetime hospitalization in patients with first-episode psychotic affective disorders. METHOD: From first lifetime hospitalization in 1989–1996, 219 patients with a DSM-IV psychotic affective illness were assessed at intervals over 24 months. Time to syndromal recovery (no longer meeting DSM-IV episode criteria) was assessed by survival analysis, and functional recovery (regaining baseline vocational and residential status) was rated. Factors associated with recovery were identified by bivariate and multivariate methods. RESULTS: By 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after first hospitalization, syndromal recovery was attained by 65.1%, 83.7%, 91.1%, and 97.5%, respectively, of subjects. Time to syndromal recovery (6.1 weeks to 50% of subjects recovered) was shorter for patients who had bipolar disorder, were married, were age 30 or older at onset, lacked comorbidity, required relatively brief hospitalization, and received fewer medicines. Functional recovery by 6 (30.4%) and 24 months (37.6% of patients) was 2.6–2.7 times less likely than syndromal recovery; 63.1% of those recovering syndromally did not recover functionally by 2 years. Functional recovery was associated with older age at onset and shorter hospitalization. Annual recovery rates remained stable as mean hospital length of stay decreased 3.6-fold over the 8-year study period. CONCLUSIONS: Syndromal recovery was attained by most psychotic affective disorder patients soon after hospitalization, but only one-third recovered functionally by 24 months. The findings suggest that these very common psychotic illnesses can carry a grave functional prognosis from the initial episode and first hospitalization.
St Christopher's Hospice, 1974
Authors: Leonard M. Liegner
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE IMPACT of Cicely Saunders, OBE, FRCP, director of St Christopher's Hospice, London (Sydenham), on the care of the dying patient is persuasive. After Dr Saunders had lectured at St Luke's Hospital Center, a Hospice Committee was established at St Luke's to consider the introduction of similar concepts within the framework of a university general hospital. Two members of the committee and I were invited to St Christopher's for an in-depth site visit in order to assist the committee in its deliberations. I believe this report is factually correct, although it reflects my own intense positive involvement with a committee hospice staff. <h3>First Impressions</h3> Although I arrived with an initial resistance to continual contact with the dying patient, the actual experience was quite different from what I had expected. Instead of a terminal care or "death house" environment with cachectic, narcotized, bedridden, depressed patients, I found an active community of
In Vivo RNAi Screen for BMI1 Targets Identifies TGF-β/BMP-ER Stress Pathways as Key Regulators of Neural- and Malignant Glioma-Stem Cell Homeostasis
Authors: Gaetano Gargiulo, Matteo Cesaroni, Michela Serresi, Nienke de Vries, Danielle Hulsman, Sophia W. Bruggeman, Cesare Lancini, Maarten van Lohuizen
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
Frequency of Negative Intermediate-Strength Tuberculin Sensitivity in Patients with Active Tuberculosis
Authors: Melvin Holden, Michael R. Dubin, Paul H. Diamond
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract One hundred and fifteen consecutive patients with documented active tuberculosis were skin-tested with three different tuberculin preparations, each of which reportedly contained 5 Tuberculin Units (5 TU) of purified protein derivative (PPD). A surprising lack of uniformity was demonstrated. Commercial antigen (PPD-PD) was associated with negative (0 to 4 mm) reactions in 49 per cent and doubtful (5 to 9 mm) reactions in 10 per cent of these patients. Purified protein derivative standard (PPD-S) gave 34 per cent negative and 3 per cent doubtful reactions. PPD stabilized with Tween-80 resulted in negative reactions in 17 per cent and doubtful reactions in 2 per cent of patients. A major factor in these false and nonpositive results appears to be loss of potency of the antigen through adsorption. Nonstabilized preparations are probably delivering less antigen than stated by the manufacturer, and this point is of great importance at low doses (i.e., 5 TU).
STUDY OF PENICILLIN ANTIBODIES BY FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION AND IMMUNODIFFUSION
Authors: W. B. Dandliker, S. P. Halbert, M. C. Florin, R. Alonso, H. C. Schapiro
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

1. Antibodies prepared in the rabbit to penicilloyl-rabbit serum albumin or to penicilloyl-bovine serum albumin were demonstrated by immunodiffusion and absorption methods to be apparently directed exclusively against the penicilloyl moiety. The antibodies could precipitate heavily substituted penicilloyl polylysine, as well as each other, with "reactions of identity". All could mutually deplete detectable antibodies by cross-absorption. 2. Small haptens containing both fluorescein and the penicilloyl group were synthesized. They were also capable of completely absorbing the antipenicilloyl antibodies from rabbit antiserum, as evidenced by immunodiffusion tests. The haptens were used in fluorescence polarization tests with gamma globulin from normal and immunized rabbits, and from normal and allergic humans. The rabbit antipenicilloyl gamma globulins in concentrations as low as 5 to 10 microg of protein/ml could significantly increase the polarization of the haptens. Normal gamma globulin had no effect at the highest concentrations tested, 1200 microg/ml. In all tests, rabbit and human antibody reacted similarly. 3. Fluorescence polarization titration curves for both human and rabbit antipenicilloyl gamma globulins were analyzed by computer and the antibody concentrations, avidities, and heterogeneity constants were determined. For the human antibody, the latter two values were 3.0 x 10(7)M(-1) and 0.78, while for the rabbit, they were 8.7 x 10(6)M(-1) and 0.71. The data were employed to estimate the limit of sensitivity of fluorescence polarization for detecting antipenicilloyl antibodies. Under the conditions employed, this value was roughly 0.4 microg antibody/ml. 4. When the whole rabbit sera were tested for penicilloyl antibodies by fluorescence polarization, both normal (preimmune) and immune sera revealed striking and equivalent increases in polarization with the penicilloyl haptens. This non-specific binding was shown to be due at least in part to serum albumin. Indications were obtained that it might be significantly reduced by increasing the pH or the salt concentration of the medium, or by addition of certain anions.