tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Targeted delivery of diagnostic agents by surface-modified liposomes
Authors: Vladimir P. Torchilin, Vladimir S. Trubetskoy, Alexander M. Milshteyn, John Canillo, Gerald L. Wolf, Mikhail I. Papisov, Alexei A. Bogdanov, Jagat Narula, Ban An Khaw, Vladimir G. Omelyanenko
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1994)
Factors affecting mammary tumor incidence in chlorotriazine-treated female rats: hormonal properties, dosage, and animal strain.
Authors: J C Eldridge, M K Tennant, L T Wetzel, C B Breckenridge, J T Stevens
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Chlorotriazines are widely used in agriculture as broadleaf herbicides. The compounds specifically inhibit photosynthesis, and, as such, display little interaction with animal systems. However, a 24-month feeding study with atrazine (ATR) revealed a significant dose-related increase of mammary tumors in female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Because numerous studies indicated that ATR had a low mutagenic and oncogenic potential, it was decided to test a hypothesis that the herbicide possessed endocrine activity. Among tests for estrogenic action, oral dosing of ATR up to 300 mg/kg did not stimulate uterine weight of ovariectomized rats. However, ATR administration did reduce estrogen-stimulated uterine weight gain. Further evidence of inhibition came from measures of [3H]-thymidine incorporation into uterine DNA of ATR-treated immature rats. Again, no intrinsic estrogenic activity was observed up to a 300-mg/kg dose. In vitro, ATR competed poorly against estradiol binding to cytosolic receptors, with an approximate IC50 of 10(-5) M. Atrazine administration to SD and Fischer-344 (F-344) rats for 12 months, up to 400 ppm in food, was correlated with significant alterations of estrous cycling activity; but there was a divergent strain response. SD rats showed an increased number of days in vaginal estrus, increased plasma estradiol, and decreased plasma progesterone by 9 to 12 months of treatment. F-344 rats did not demonstrate treatment-related affects. A study of ultrastructure in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of female SD rats that were fed diaminochlorotriazine (DACT), an ATR metabolite, suggested that age-associated glial pathology was enhanced by treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
HOMOGENEOUS RABBIT 7S ANTI-I<scp>G</scp>G WITH ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY FOR PEPTIDOGLYCAN
Authors: Viktor A. Bokisch, Jen Wei Chiao, David Bernstein, Richard M. Krause
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

The relationship between 7S anti-IgG and antibodies to streptococcal cell wall peptidoglycan was examined for four streptococcal Group C antisera. Homogeneous 7S anti-IgG components in these sera were isolated by means of an IgG immunoadsorbent column. For two of the four antisera, the anti-peptidoglycan activity of the 7S anti-IgG had specificity for the pentapeptide, L-Ala-D-Glu-gamma-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala, the antigenic determinant of peptidoglycan, as well as for the Fc of IgG. Detailed studies on the 7S anti-IgG from one of the antisera revealed that the pentapeptide inhibited the coprecipitation reaction of 7S anti-IgG R3387 with antigen-antibody complexes and the precipitin reaction between 7S anti-IgG R3387 and its anti-idiotype serum.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide Inhibits Human Platelet Aggregation, P-Selectin Expression, and Fibrinogen Binding In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: André Gries, Christoph Bode, Karlheinz Peter, Axel Herr, Hubert Böhrer, Johann Motsch, Eike Martin
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Recent data suggest that inhaled NO can inhibit platelet aggregation. This study investigates whether inhaled NO affects the expression level and avidity of platelet membrane receptors that mediate platelet adhesion and aggregation.In 30 healthy volunteers, platelet-rich plasma was incubated with an air/5% CO2 mixture containing 0, 100, 450, and 884 ppm inhaled NO. ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation, the membrane expression of P-selectin, and the binding of fibrinogen to the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor were determined before (t0) and during the 240 minutes of incubation. In addition, eight patients suffering from severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were investigated before and 120 minutes after the beginning of administration of 10 ppm inhaled NO. In vitro, NO led to a dose-dependent inhibition of both ADP-induced (3+/-3% at 884 ppm versus 70+/-6% at 0 ppm after 240 minutes; P<.001) and collagen-induced (13+/-5% versus 62+/-5%; P<.01) platelet aggregation. Furthermore, P-selectin expression (36+/-7% of t0 value; P<.01) and fibrinogen binding (33+/-11%; P<.01) were inhibited. In patients with ARDS, after two who did not respond to NO inhalation with an improvement in oxygenation had been excluded, an increase in plasma cGMP, prolongation of in vitro bleeding time, and inhibition of platelet aggregation and P-selectin expression were observed, and fibrinogen binding was also inhibited (19+/-7% versus 30+/-8%; P<.05).NO-dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation may be caused by a decrease in fibrinogen binding to the platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor.
Guidelines for Managing High Blood Pressure
Authors: Alberto Morales-Salinas, Antonio Coca, Fernando Stuardo Wyss
Journal: JAMA (2014)

To the Editor Some evidence against β-blockers1 has been published in recent years; however, the exclusion of these drugs as initial treatment of uncomplicated hypertension in the report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8)2 is surprising.
Nomenclature of monocytes and dendritic cells in blood
Authors: Loems Ziegler-Heitbrock, Petronela Ancuta, Suzanne Crowe, Marc Dalod, Veronika Grau, Derek N. Hart, Pieter J. M. Leenen, Yong-Jun Liu, Gordon MacPherson, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Juergen Scherberich, Juergen Schmitz, Ken Shortman, Silvano Sozzani, Herbert Strobl, Marek Zembala, Jonathan M. Austyn, Manfred B. Lutz
Journal: Blood (2010)
The Progress of Experiment: Science and Therapeutic Reform in the United States, 1900-1990
Authors: R. A Crouch
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Harry M Marks Cambridge University Press, £45, pp 258 ISBN 0 521 58142 7

The use of statistics in clinical medical research has taken on the appearance of an article of faith. Any omission of statistical rigour from clinical research is viewed as an act of heresy, and, like the ideas of the heretic, the work of the insufficiently rigorous is banished from the scientific literature. As in all matters of faith, however, the propagation of statistical methods depends on training the next generation to follow its dictates. It should therefore not surprise us to learn that statistical methodology …
Rethinking the Presence of American Scholars in China
Authors: Gail Henderson
Journal: JAMA (1990)

THE MASSACRE of Chinese students and citizens in Beijing last June shocked the world. Response was intensified by the almost instantaneous news coverage, which persisted until the Chinese government took control of the media. For Americans involved with research in China, the student uprising and the events in Tiananmen Square created tremendous pressure to articulate a position on China. As moral outrage turned to consideration of the long-term consequences of the events, a complex exchange among scholars, funding agencies, and government officials ensued.<sup>1</sup>Many US organizations and individuals suspended research plans as the implications of continued involvement in China—moral, political, and interpersonal—were debated. To some, June 4, 1989, marked a turning point in assessment of the Chinese regime. Cooperation and exchange that previously were acceptable now symbolized collaboration with a corrupt government. For me, the events that occurred in Tiananmen Square forced a reevaluation—not of current positions, but of
The End of an Illusion: The Future of Health Policy in Western Industrialized Nations
Authors: Ronald Andersen
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The "illusion" according to the editors of this volume is that "the welfare state can provide an abundance of health services for all its citizens.... In the future, social policy is likely to veer from idealism to realism, from opportunity to constraint." This book reports the results of a seminar in Megève, France, sponsored by the Association Economic et Santé in the winter of 1979. The participants who contributed to this edited volume included an international group of health services organization researchers, administrators, and government officials. While they all apparently agreed with the theme of the book that in Western industrialized nations, the health sector can no longer continue to grow as it has in the past, they represent a range of political persuasions and views about the options and appropriate responses for Western countries in the future. The book has two major parts. The first includes a series of
248 HEPATORENAL SYNDROME TYPE-2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIASTOLIC AND MILD LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
Authors: L. Ruiz-del-Arbol, X. García-Aguilera, C. Teruel, A. Ledo, M. Rivero, M.A. Rodríguez-Gandia, E. Garrido, J.L. Moya, W. Jimenez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Comparison of metformin and chlorpropamide in non-obese, maturity-onset diabetics uncontrolled by diet.
Authors: B F Clarke, I W Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The clinical effectiveness of metformin was compared with that of chlorpropamide in closely similar groups of 216 non-obese patients recently diagnosed as cases of maturity-onset diabetes that could not be controlled by diet. The incidences of primary and secondary drug failures in each group and the numbers of patients satisfactorily maintained on each of the hypoglycaemic agents throughout the first year proved remarkably similar. In 61 of the successfully treated patients who were studied by crossover to the other drug and observed for a further year the mean blood glucose concentrations at the end of the year were roughly comparable, but the mean weight response was a small loss of 1.5 +/- 3.8 kg with metformin but a gain of 4.6 +/- 3.9 kg with chlorpropamide. Thus for non-obese, maturity-onset diabetics whose disease cannot be controlled by diet and who require oral treatment sulphonylureas and biguanides are equally effective, the choice depending on whether the patient is underweight and the severity of symptoms.
Some Problems in the Estimation of the End-diastolic Volume of the Ventricle by Dye Dilution Techniques
Authors: M. Petrle, P. Avasthey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1968)

Model experiments have been carried out to determine possible sources of error in the use of indicator dilution methods to determine ventricular volumes. It has been shown that volumes are significantly over-estimated when sampling is made in the aorta using the "wash-out" or constant infusion methods. The presence of valvular regurgitation invalidates the results.
Racial, Ethnic, and Geographic Disparities in Rates of Knee Arthroplasty among Medicare Patients
Authors: Jonathan Skinner, James N. Weinstein, Scott M. Sporer, John E. Wennberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

There are large variations in the use of knee arthroplasty among Medicare enrollees according to race or ethnic group and sex. Are racial and ethnic disparities more pronounced in some regions than in others, and if so, why?
A Case Bearing upon the Pathology of Acromegaly
Authors: P. G. Lodge
Journal: BMJ (1900)

PATHOLOGY OF ACROMEGALY.[IM HAL 22E which they asserted were the resu(lts of bites by cobras; there was no proof forthcoming as to the correctness of their state- ments.4. Many of the men who deal in poisonous snakes un- doubtedly take early means to secure themselves against a bite by breaking off the poison fangs.There are two well
Pancreas-specific deletion of mouse Gata4 and Gata6 causes pancreatic agenesis
Authors: Shouhong Xuan, Matthew J. Borok, Kimberly J. Decker, Michele A. Battle, Stephen A. Duncan, Michael A. Hale, Raymond J. Macdonald, Lori Sussel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Pancreatic agenesis is a human disorder caused by defects in pancreas development. To date, only a few genes have been linked to pancreatic agenesis in humans, with mutations in pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) and pancreas-specific transcription factor 1a (PTF1A) reported in only 5 families with described cases. Recently, mutations in GATA6 have been identified in a large percentage of human cases, and a GATA4 mutant allele has been implicated in a single case. In the mouse, Gata4 and Gata6 are expressed in several endoderm-derived tissues, including the pancreas. To analyze the functions of GATA4 and/or GATA6 during mouse pancreatic development, we generated pancreas-specific deletions of Gata4 and Gata6. Surprisingly, loss of either Gata4 or Gata6 in the pancreas resulted in only mild pancreatic defects, which resolved postnatally. However, simultaneous deletion of both Gata4 and Gata6 in the pancreas caused severe pancreatic agenesis due to disruption of pancreatic progenitor cell proliferation, defects in branching morphogenesis, and a subsequent failure to induce the differentiation of progenitor cells expressing carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1) and neurogenin 3 (NEUROG3). These studies address the conserved and nonconserved mechanisms underlying GATA4 and GATA6 function during pancreas development and provide a new mouse model to characterize the underlying developmental defects associated with pancreatic agenesis.
Addiction Treatment: Science and Policy for the Twenty-first Century
Authors: Mark S. Gold
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of Nail Bed
Authors: Sidney N. Eichenholtz
Journal: JAMA (1965)

IN THE PAST ten years, over a quarter of a million patients have been admitted to five hospitals, at which medical records have been accessible to the authors (Professional Hospital and St. John's Riverside Hospital, both in Yonkers, NY; Bronx Veterans Administration Hospital, New York Hospital, and Hospital of Special Surgery, all in New York city). Only five cases of primary carcinoma of the nail bed are recorded in these hospitals (an incidence of 1 in 50,000 admissions). According to Gelmann1only 25 cases had been described in the literature prior to the one additional case in his report. The purpose of this report is to present five additional cases and suggestions for diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment.  Materials and Methods  Review of the medical records at the Bronx VA Hospital, New York Hospital, and Hospital for special Surgery, plus the records at St. John's Riverside Hospital and Professional Hospital,
A Case of Abortion.
Authors: S. L. Jepson
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Wheeling, W. Va., September, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The following case terminated so happily that I feel like recommending the method as much more safe than that employed in a case recently before our court, in which the fundus of a pregnant girl had been punctured by a sound with fatal result. Mrs. A., age 25 years, mother of two children, last menstruated August 5-8. At 10a.m., September 14, thirty-seven days after last date she introduced the closed end of a common wire hairpin into the cervix, in the effort to produce an abortion. It slipped from her fingers and disappeared beyond her reach. Eleven hours later I saw her, and no sign or symptom of local disturbance was present. My index finger, inserted as far as possible into the cervix, felt no foreign body. I concluded that the woman was so agitated during her criminal effort that the
Influence of amphetamines on plasma corticosteroid and growth hormone levels in man
Authors: G. M. Besser, P. W. P. Butler, J. Landon, L. Rees
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Plasma fluorogenic corticosteroid and immunoreactive growth hormone levels rose significantly after the intravenous administration of methylamphetamine to healthy young men at various times of the day. The rise in corticosteroids was most pronounced in the evening and was accompanied by an increase in circulating levels of immunoreactive corticotrophin. Oral dexamphetamine also resulted in significant rises in plasma corticosteroids but not in growth hormone. These hormonal changes were accompanied by evidence of mild central stimulation. Though they may be part of an associated and non-specific response, it is more likely that they represent specific effects of amphetamines on centres in the hypothalamus or midbrain controlling secretion of corticotrophin and growth hormone releasing factors.
Metabolic Flux as a Predictor of Heart Failure Prognosis
Authors: Craig A. Lygate, Stefan Neubauer
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

The creatine kinase (CK) system is thought to play an integral role in maintaining levels of chemical energy in the form of ATP, which is essential for normal cardiac function. In the failing heart, it has long been established that multiple components of CK energy metabolism are commonly impaired and that these correlate with disease severity. A recent study published in Science Translational Medicine adds significantly to this body of evidence by demonstrating that the rate of ATP transfer via CK, measured noninvasively by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, is an independent predictor of adverse clinical outcome in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy. This finding invites speculation on the future role of metabolic imaging for risk stratification in patients with heart failure. The authors further assert an implied causal role for energetics in disease progression. Although this is not supported by recent findings in loss-of-function mouse models, there is, nonetheless, a strong argument for the development of novel metabolic therapies for the failing heart.
Correction: Deaths after Treatment of Hodgkin Disease
Authors: Steven L. Hancock, Richard S. Cox, Saul A. Rosenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 May 1991Correction: Deaths after Treatment of Hodgkin DiseaseSteven L. Hancock, MD, Richard S. Cox, PhD, Saul A. Rosenberg, MDSteven L. Hancock, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Richard S. Cox, PhDSearch for more papers by this author, Saul A. Rosenberg, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-9-810 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:We have identified an error in data entry that caused us to underestimate the risks for intercurrent death and death from second malignant neoplasms and acute myocardial infarction among survivors of Hodgkin disease (1). The error affected our characterization of survival in the normal population and our subsequent calculations of relative risk. The actuarial survival at 20 years expected for a normal population matched to our Hodgkin disease trial group by age, sex, and race was 91% rather than 67% (revised Figure 2B). The relative risk for death from all causes other than Hodgkin disease in our...Reference1. HancockHoppeHorningRosenberg SRSS. Intercurrent death after Hodgkin disease therapy in radiotherapy and adjuvant MOPP trials. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:183-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTumor, Host, and Environment‐related Prognostic FactorsAssessment of Cardiac and Pulmonary Function in Adult Patients with Hodgkin's Disease Treated with ABVD or MOPP/ABVD Plus Adjuvant Low-Dose Mediastinal Irradiation10 Treatment sequelae and quality of lifeLate complications after Hodgkin's diseaseCardiac Morbidity and Mortality Following RadiotherapyHow relevant is secondary leukaemia for initial treatment selection in hodgkin's disease?Follow-up thallium-201 scintigraphy after mantle field radiotherapy for hodgkin's diseaseHodgkin's diseaseHodgkin's Disease 1 May 1991Volume 114, Issue 9Page: 810-810KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionHodgkin lymphomaRacial and ethnic issuesRelative risk Issue Published: 1 May 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Metabolic Evaluation of Human Coronary Artery Disease by "Coronary Sinus Pacing."
Authors: Juan C. Pomposiello
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Metabolic Evaluation of Human Coronary Artery Disease by "Coronary Sinus Pacing."Juan C. Pomposiello, M.D., Lawrence D. Baker, M.D., Jerry A. Snow, M.D., G. V. R. K. Sharma, M.D., Joseph V. Messer, M.D.Juan C. Pomposiello, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Lawrence D. Baker, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Jerry A. Snow, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, G. V. R. K. Sharma, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Joseph V. Messer, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-782_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptExercise, isoproterenol infusion, and electrical pacing have been utilized in the assessment of the myocardium in patients with coronary artery disease. The electrocardiographic (ECG) and metabolic effects of tachycardia induced by pacing from the anterolateral position in the coronary sinus were analyzed in 5 normals and 10 subjects with cineangiographically proved anterolateral coronary artery disease of greater than 50% narrowing. All 15 subjects were in normal sinus rhythm, and none had A-V or intraventricular conduction defects.Mean control heart rate was 73 and rose to 113 per minute during coronary sinus pacing. Control P-R interval ranged from 0.12 to 0.20... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Mass. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 782-782KeywordsCoronary arteriesElectrocardiographyExerciseHeart rateIsoproterenolMyocardiumStable coronary artery diseaseTachycardia Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Rare Case of Primary Thymic Hodgkin Lymphoma in an Elderly Patient Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Giorgio Treglia, Filippo Lococo, Gianluigi Petrone, Antonella Stefanelli, Giulia Carnassale, Maria Lucia Calcagni, Pierluigi Granone, Alessandro Giordano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report a rare case of thymic Hodgkin lymphoma that occurred in an elderly patient and detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT. A 77-year-old woman with fever of unknown origin underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scanning, which showed an area of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in a mediastinal mass corresponding to a thymic lesion at CT scan. On the basis of the PET/CT findings, the patient was referred to surgery with the clinical suspicious of a thymoma. Histological examination demonstrated the presence of a primary thymic Hodgkin lymphoma instead.