tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Mediterranean-type diet is associated with better metabolic profile in urban Polish adults: Results from the HAPIEE study
Authors: Giuseppe Grosso, Urszula Stepaniak, Agnieszka Micek, Roman Topor-Mądry, Denes Stefler, Krystyna Szafraniec, Martin Bobak, Andrzej Pająk
Journal: Metabolism (2015)

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Polish arm of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) cohort study.Materials/methodsA cross-sectional survey including 8821 adults was conducted in Krakow, Poland. Food intake was evaluated through a validated food frequency questionnaire and adherence to the dietary pattern was assessed using a score specifically developed for non-Mediterranean countries (MedTypeDiet score). Linear and logistic regression models were performed to estimate beta and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), respectively.ResultsSignificant associations between the MedTypeDiet score and waist circumference (β = −0.307 ± 0.239 cm), systolic blood pressure (β = −0.440 ± 0.428 mmHg), and triglycerides (β = −0.021 ± 0.016 mmol/L) were observed. After multivariable adjustment, individuals in the highest quartile of the score were less likely to have MetS, central obesity, high triglycerides, and hypertension. Increase of one standard deviation of the score was associated with 7% less odds of having MetS (OR 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97). When analyzing the relation of single components of the MedTypeDiet score, wine, dairy products, and the total unsaturated:saturated fatty acids ratio were associated with MetS.ConclusionsAdherence to a Mediterranean-like diet may decrease the risk of MetS also among non-Mediterranean populations.
Efficacy of a new chromatography-based IVIG (10%-formulation) on validated sinopulmonary infections in primary immune deficiency
Authors: Harold Schroeder, Melvin Berger, Anita T Gewurz, Phillip Korenblat, Chain Roifman, Ricardo Sorensen, Donald Stark, Mark Stein, Gordon Sussman, John Kelleher
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
DISCOID LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS FOLLOWING TRAUMA.
Authors: BENCEL L. SCHIFF, ARTHUR B. KERN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1954)

Journal Article DISCOID LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS FOLLOWING TRAUMA. Get access BENCEL L. SCHIFF, M.D., BENCEL L. SCHIFF, M.D. Pawtucket, R.T., U.S.AInstructors in Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine (Herbert Mescon, M.D., Chairman of the Department) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ARTHUR B. KERN, M.D. ARTHUR B. KERN, M.D. Providence, R.I., U.S.AInstructors in Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine (Herbert Mescon, M.D., Chairman of the Department) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 66, Issue 10, 1 October 1954, Pages 357–360, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1954.tb12562.x Published: 01 October 1954
Competitive inhibition of leptin signaling results in amelioration of liver fibrosis through modulation of stellate cell function
Authors: Eran Elinav, Mohammad Ali, Rafi Bruck, Eli Brazowski, Adam Phillips, Yami Shapira, Meirav Katz, Gila Solomon, Zamir Halpern, Arieh Gertler
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Leptin signaling is involved in T-cell polarization and is required for profibrotic function of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Leptin-deficient ob/ob mice do not develop liver fibrosis despite the presence of severe long-standing steatohepatitis. Here, we blocked leptin signaling with our recently generated mouse leptin antagonist (MLA), and examined the effects on chronic liver fibrosis in vivo using the chronic thioacetamide (TAA) fibrosis model, and in vitro using freshly-isolated primary HSCs. In the chronic TAA fibrosis model, leptin administration was associated with significantly enhanced liver disease and a 100% 5-week to 8-week mortality rate, while administration or coadministration of MLA markedly improved survival, attenuated liver fibrosis, and reduced interferon γ (IFN-γ) levels. No significant changes in weight, serum cholesterol, or triglycerides were noted. In vitro administration of rat leptin antagonist (RLA), either alone or with leptin, to rat primary HSCs reduced leptin-stimulated effects such as increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and activation of α1 procollagen promoter. Conclusion: Inhibition of leptin-enhanced hepatic fibrosis may hold promise as a future antifibrotic therapeutic modality. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:278-286.)
Genetics Memoir
Authors: Thomas H. Murray
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heteromultimeric assembly of human potassium channels. Molecular basis of a transient outward current?
Authors: S Po, S Roberds, D J Snyders, M M Tamkun, P B Bennett
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

To gain insight into the molecular basis of cardiac repolarization, we have expressed K+ channels cloned from ventricular myocardium in Xenopus oocytes. A recently identified human cardiac K+ channel isoform (human Kv1.4) has properties similar to the 4-aminopyridine-sensitive calcium-insensitive component of the cardiac transient outward current. However, these channels recovered from inactivation much slower than native channels. Hybrid channels consisting of subunits from different K+ channel clones (delayed rectifier channels [Kv1.1, Kv1.2, and Kv1.5] and Kv1.4) were created by coinjection of cRNAs in oocytes. Multimeric channels consisting of Kv1.4:Kv1.1, Kv1.4:Kv1.2, and Kv1.4:Kv1.5 were expressed and compared. The hybrid channels displayed characteristics of heterotetrameric channels with kinetics that more closely resembled a native cardiac transient outward current. The inactivation and recovery from inactivation of the heteromeric channels indicated that the presence of a single inactivating subunit (Kv1.4) was probably sufficient to cause channel inactivation. The results demonstrate that expression of different K+ channel genes can produce channel protein subunits that assemble as heteromultimers with unique properties. It is shown that certain combinations of voltage-gated K+ channels probably do not contribute to native transient outward current. However, one combination of subunits could not be excluded. Therefore, this mechanism of channel assembly may underlie some of the functional diversity of potassium channels found in the cardiovascular system.
Dysadherin Overexpression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Reflects Tumor Aggressiveness: Relationship to E-Cadherin Expression
Authors: Takeshi Shimamura, Michiie Sakamoto, Yoshinori Ino, Yasuto Sato, Kazuaki Shimada, Tomoo Kosuge, Hisahiko Sekihara, Setsuo Hirohashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

The E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion system is frequently inactivated by multiple mechanisms and is involved in tumor progression in many types of cancer. Recently, we reported the cloning and characterization of dysadherin and showed that it downregulated E-cadherin and promoted metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of dysadherin expression and the relationship between dysadherin expression and E-cadherin expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.We examined dysadherin and E-cadherin expression in 125 surgically resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients using immunohistochemistry.Dysadherin was expressed at the cell membrane of cancer cells, but not in nontumor duct and acinar cells. Its expression was stronger in infiltrative and poorly differentiated nests compared with well-differentiated nests. Although the correlation between the expression of dysadherin and E-cadherin was not significant, a group of patients showed reduced E-cadherin expression with dysadherin overexpression. Increased dysadherin expression was significantly correlated with distant metastasis (P =.047), high tumor grade (P =.006), positive tumor margins (P =.024), and infiltrative type of growth pattern (P =.014). A survival advantage was observed in patients with 0% to 20% dysadherin-positive cells compared with patients with 51% to 100% dysadherin-positive cells, independent of tumor-node-metastasis classification, and World Health Organization tumor grade (P =.019). A combination of increased dysadherin expression and reduced E-cadherin expression (< 90%) further worsened the prognosis.In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, dysadherin expression seems to reflect tumor aggressiveness and to be a positive marker of poor prognosis when considered both alone and in combination with downregulation of E-cadherin.
STUDIES IN ADDISON'S DISEASE
Authors: LEONARD G. ROWNTREE
Journal: JAMA (1925)

In the spring of 1920, Dr. A. L. Muirhead, professor of pharmacology, Creighton University College of Medicine, Omaha, and an early investigator of the suprarenal gland, presented himself at the Mayo Clinic for treatment of Addison's disease in an advanced stage. In conference with the doctor, careful consideration was given to the existing conditions, to the previous treatment, and to the possibilities of a regimen of forced treatment. It was agreed that he himself was to keep a detailed record of the subjective and objective results of the treatment, and he was furnished with an apparatus for the study of the blood pressure. Epinephrin was given hypodermically and by rectum three times a day, and whole gland by mouth three times a day, in doses that represented his maximal tolerance. Gratifying improvement resulted, so gratifying, indeed, that he<sup>1</sup>described his experiences under the title, "An Autograph History of a
Effects of low dose aspirin (50 mg/day), low dose aspirin plus dipyridamole, and oral anticoagulant agents after internal mammary artery bypass grafting: Patency and clinical outcome at 1 year
Authors: Jan van der Meer, Aart Brutel de la Rivière, Wiek H. van Gilst, Hans L. Hillege, Matthias Pfisterer, Gerrit J. Kootstra, Peter H.J.M. Dunselman, Barbara J.M. Mulder, Kong I. Lie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
CLEANLINESS THE CHIEF ANTISEPTIC.Read in the Section on State Medicine at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco. June 5-8.1894.
Authors: C. F. ULRICH
Journal: JAMA (1894)

In these days of bacteriologie investigations much time and study is necessarily devoted to the prevention of disease by destroying the bacilli that have entered the human body or preventing their entrance. The latter of these methods is to be preferred where it can be done, and it is the province of this paper to show that this may be accomplished much more thoroughly and satisfactorily by perfect cleanliness than by the use of so-called antiseptics. First, a few words regarding the physician and surgeon in whose practice cleanliness is an absolute necessity. This branch of my subject, although not precisely to be classed with State Medicine has nevertheless a bearing on it, and will form a suitable introduction to the main theme. Let us first speak of the surgeon and his work, in which the necessity of cleanliness is most apparent. If the surgeon will see that his hands,
CANTABmobile and its misleading promotion
Authors: P. J. Gordon
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Glasziou and colleagues’ editorial on too much medicine suggests we ask: “Does this new test detect more or earlier ‘disease’? Do we understand the course of disease in these extra cases?”1 I have had concerns for some time about “a new touch screen test for dementia” (www.cantabmobile.com/).

CANTABmobile is a computer based tool that has been widely promoted by Cambridge Cognition to primary care services across …
The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Treatment
Authors: Randall Barnes, Robert L. Rosenfield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

To propose a theory for the pathogenesis of the polycystic ovary syndrome that explains the endocrinologic abnormalities of the syndrome and provides a rational approach to therapy.An English-language literature search using MEDLINE (1975 to 1988) and extensive bibliographic reviews of identified articles.We reviewed the literature and selected 169 articles considered most relevant for the definition of the endocrinologic abnormalities, elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms, or delineation of therapeutic interventions.The authors independently assessed study quality and data concerning endocrinologic abnormalities, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapy of the polycystic ovary syndrome.The polycystic ovary syndrome may be best defined as functional, gonadotropin-dependent ovarian hyperandrogenism. The polycystic ovary syndrome results when a primary defect increases one of three variables: the ratio of the serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone to follicle stimulating hormone, the ratio of the intraovarian concentrations of androgen to estrogen, or follicular atresia. An increase in one of these variables can then induce successive abnormalities in one or more of the remaining two variables in a to-and-fro manner.Evidence suggests that several causes exist, each of which can produce the clinical syndrome by a to-and-fro interaction among pathogenic mechanisms. Treatment objectives for the syndrome include amelioration of hirsutism, induction of ovulation, and weight reduction.
Antibacterial Activity of Lincomycin and Pristinamycin: A Comparison with Erythromycin
Authors: M. Barber, P. M. Waterworth
Journal: BMJ (1964)

duction.Finally, the secretion of intrinsic factor also precedes that of pepsin. SummayThe secretion of gastric intrinsic factor was studied in normal subjects and in hospital patients.A considerable amount of intrinsic factor was present in gastric juice secreted in the absence of any stimulant, and this amount was normally far in excess of that required for the absorption of dietary vitamin B12' Histamine and insulin were equally effective as stimulants of gastric-intrinsic-factor secretion, but carbachol did not pro- duce an increase in secretion above the pre-injection level.The increased secretion of intrinsic factor following either histamine or insulin preceded the secretion of both acid and pepsin.We wish to thank Professor W. T. Irvine both for his interest in the investigation and for permission to study his patients.We are indebted to Miss Valerie Berry for carrying out many of the intrinsic- factor assays and to Mr. John Hall for the pepsin estimations.
Synergistic enhancement of bone formation and healing by stem cell–expressed VEGF and bone morphogenetic protein-4
Authors: Hairong Peng, Vonda Wright, Arvydas Usas, Brian Gearhart, Hsain-Chung Shen, James Cummins, Johnny Huard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

We investigated the interaction between angiogenic and osteogenic factors in bone formation and bone healing with ex vivo gene therapy using muscle-derived stem cells genetically engineered to express human bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4), VEGF, or VEGF-specific antagonist (soluble Flt1). Our results show that although VEGF alone did not improve bone regeneration, it acted synergistically with BMP4 to increase recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells, to enhance cell survival, and to augment cartilage formation in the early stages of endochondral bone formation. These early effects, coupled with accelerated cartilage resorption, eventually led to a significant enhancement of bone formation and bone healing. The beneficial effect of VEGF on bone healing elicited by BMP4 depends critically on the ratio of VEGF to BMP4, with an improper ratio leading to detrimental effects on bone healing. Finally, we show that soluble Flt1 inhibits bone formation elicited by BMP4. Thus, VEGF plays an important role in bone formation elicited by BMP4, and it can significantly enhance BMP4-elicited bone formation and regeneration through multiple mechanisms. This study has important implications for the formulation of new strategies to improve bone healing through increasing mesenchymal stem cell recruitment and survival, in combination with muscle-derived stem cell–based gene therapy.
A Privately Financed Loan Program for Medical Students
Authors: Frances R. Hall, Peter C. Whybrow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

IN a recent issue of the Journal Sandson reviewed the growing burden of financing a medical education at an independent medical school.1 This burden falls on both the student and the institution and has been precipitated by changes in the federal programs of student financial assistance. The majority of these aid programs grew from congressional initiatives to enlarge and redistribute the nation's pool of medical personnel.2 , 3 Now, as the original goals have been approached, federal priorities have been reset, and a radical restructuring and trimming of the federal systems of financial aid seem probable.Federal financial aid over the past . . .
Physiologic Availability and in Vitro Release of Riboflavin in Sustained-Release Vitamin Preparations
Authors: A. B. Morrison, C. B. Perusse, J. A. Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

SUSTAINED-release preparations are designed to contain in one dosage form the equivalent of several single doses of a drug, which is released to the body over an extended period, thereby producing sustained clinical effects. Various types of sustained-release products for oral administration are appearing on the market in increasing numbers, indicating continued commercial interest in this type of medication, as well as increased acceptance by the medical profession. Although many of these preparations have undoubtedly been tested clinically, and found to have the desired effects, it has been shown that there are products on the market that purport to have . . .
Enforced Leisure: Activities of Officer Prisoners of War
Authors: A. R. Dearlove
Journal: BMJ (1945)

in man is to diminish gastric acidity, not to increase it.This we have observed here, in confirmation of other workers.Our experiments do, however, raise the question whether those with impaired kidney function should be allowed to smoke. SummaryNicotine exerts an antidiuretic effect in the rat.This effect does not occur if the pituitary body is removed.Smoking exerts an antidiuretic effect in man.In a sensitive subject one cigarette will inhibit diuresis for 2 to 3 hours.The same antidiuretic effect is produced in man by the injection of nicotine intravenously in an amount approximately equal to the amount absorbed from one cigarette.It is probable that the nicotine absorbed from cigarette smoke stimulates the supra-optic nucleus of the hypothalamus and causes a discharge of the hormone from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.Our thanks are due to those already mentioned in the paper, and also to Mr. E.
Unstimulated basophils in atopic and nonatopic subjects express intracellular interleukin‐4: detection by flow cytometry
Authors: O. M. Kon, B. S. Sihra, S. J. Till, C. J. Corrigan, A. B. Kay, J. A. Grant
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Background IgE‐stimulated cultured basophils from atopic subjects are capable of secreting interleukin‐4 (IL‐4). We describe a flow‐cytometric technique which identified intracellular IL‐4 in unstimulated basophils unseparated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in both atopic (AT) and nonatopic (NC) volunteers. Methods Freshly isolated PBMC were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA). Surface staining with 22E7, a noncompetitive anti‐Fc‐a antibody, allowed identification of basophils. Permeabilization by 0.1 % saponin allowed staining of intracellular cytokines with specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Two series of experiments utilizing different protocols and anticytokine mAbs were performed. The first protocol required a two‐stage fluorochrome staining technique. The availability of fluorochrome‐conjugated mAbs allowed a simpler, one‐stage labelling procedure for the second protocol. Results With the first protocol, IL‐4 (but not IFN‐y), immunoreactivity was detectable in a majority (median 77%) of peripheral blood basophils from both AT and NC subjects (N = 8). Basophil IL‐4 immunoreactivity was again evident in experiment 2 but did not differ significantly between AT and NC subjects ‐ either evaluated as percentage of IL‐4+ basophils (AT median=66%, NC median=38.4%, P=0.41) or lL‐4‐specific mean fluorescence (AT median=0.85, NC median=0.3, P=0.07). Conclusions This simple technique allowed the study of intracellular cytokine expression in unstimulated blood basophils. It demonstrated constitutive basophil expression of lL‐4 (but not IFN‐y) in all subjects, with no significant increases in atopies.
Combination Therapy for Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration Refractory to Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents
Authors: Kevin Tozer, A. Brock Roller, Lawrence P. Chong, SriniVas Sadda, James C. Folk, Vinit B. Mahajan, Stephen R. Russell, H. Culver Boldt, Elliott H. Sohn
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
Nature of autoimmune disease sought through treatment
Authors: Mitchel L. Zoler
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Although the mysteries of autoimmune disease are far from solved, more effective treatments may be on the way. Alfred A. Steinberg, MD, chief, Cellular Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis, Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIADDK), says, for example, that he and colleagues have shown that in mice a single, X-linked gene called<i>xid</i>— —in either the hemizygous or homozygous form—hampers development of a B lymphocyte subset. Mice without these B cells never develop impaired antibody responses or autoimmune disease, despite the presence of other predisposing genetic and environmental influences. Efforts are now under way in his laboratory, says Steinberg, to identify a similar B cell subpopulation in humans that may be involved in autoantibody production. If this subpopulation is distinguished by a surface marker, the cells might be selectively eliminated without disrupting other aspects of the immune system. Such a prospect seems heightened by the findings of
Regulatory T Cell Reprogramming toward a Th2-Cell-like Lineage Impairs Oral Tolerance and Promotes Food Allergy
Authors: Magali Noval Rivas, Oliver T. Burton, Petra Wise, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Peter Georgiev, Hans C. Oettgen, Rima Rachid, Talal A. Chatila
Journal: Immunity (2015)
One's own petard
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (1998)

On the issue of President Clinton's “Monicagate” Americans are divided, some outraged and wishing he would go, others fearful of a local right wing Taliban and deploring the special prosecutor's inquisitorial tactics. But the times have clearly changed since the 1920s, when the secret service obligingly arranged to accommodate a young woman with all expenses paid at the luxurious Waldorf Astoria, so that the then President Harding could spend the weekend with her room …