tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Perchloroethylene-contaminated drinking water and the risk of breast cancer: additional results from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA.
Authors: Ann Aschengrau, Sarah Rogers, David Ozonoff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

In 1998 we published the results of a study suggesting an association between breast cancer and perchloroethylene (PCE; also called tetrachloroethylene) exposure from public drinking water. The present case-control study was undertaken to evaluate this association further. The cases were composed of female residents of eight towns in the Cape Cod region of Massachusetts who had been diagnosed with breast cancer from 1987 through 1993 (n = 672). Controls were composed of demographically similar women from the same towns (n = 616). Women were exposed to PCE when it leached from the vinyl lining of water distribution pipes from the late 1960s through the early 1980s. A relative delivered dose of PCE that entered a home was estimated using an algorithm that took into account residential history, water flow, and pipe characteristics. Small to moderate elevations in risk were seen among women whose exposure levels were above the 75th and 90th percentiles when 0-15 years of latency were considered (adjusted odds ratios, 1.5-1.9 for > 75th percentile, 1.3-2.8 for > 90th percentile). When data from the present and prior studies were combined, small to moderate increases in risk were also seen among women whose exposure levels were above the 75th and 90th percentiles when 0-15 years of latency were considered (adjusted odds ratios, 1.6-1.9 for > 75th percentile, 1.3-1.9 for > 90th percentile). The results of the present study confirm those of the previous one and suggest that women with the highest PCE exposure levels have a small to moderate increased risk of breast cancer.
Treatment-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cellular Antioxidant Capacity Determine Response to Bortezomib in Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Marc A. Weniger, Edgar G. Rizzatti, Patricia Pérez-Galán, Delong Liu, Qiuyan Wang, Peter J. Munson, Nalini Raghavachari, Therese White, Megan M. Tweito, Kieron Dunleavy, Yihong Ye, Wyndham H. Wilson, Adrian Wiestner
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Proteasome inhibition disrupts protein homeostasis and induces apoptosis. Up to 50% of patients with relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) respond to bortezomib. We used gene expression profiling to investigate the connection between proteasome inhibition, cellular response, and clinical efficacy.
Biologic Availability of Digoxin Tablets
Authors: Jerome P. Skelly
Journal: JAMA (1973)

One year ago, Lindenbaum and his colleagues 1 published the results of an investigation of the bioavailability of three different brands of digoxin tablets, including two different lots of one brand. While his data indicated that the blood levels varied widely, a follow-up investigation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) revealed that the brand giving the lowest blood level was substantially out of compliance with the United States Pharmacopeia specifications, ie, its potency was significantly outside the 92% to 108% range. At that time, sufficient tablets of the other brand that gave low blood levels could not be found for analysis. On this basis, it was the FDA's view that the problem identified by Lindenbaum et al was one of potency rather than bioavailability. In the interim, the FDA has become aware of additional studies 2-5 (one of which appears in this issue on p 199) suggesting that, along
A case of head injury
Authors: B. R. K. Smith, A. G. Shaw, D. C. Howlett
Journal: BMJ (2011)

An 82 year old man tripped on uneven paving and sustained a frontal head injury. A passer-by came to his aid and called an ambulance. The patient did not lose consciousness and was fully oriented at the scene.

On arrival at the emergency department he was fully oriented and remembered all events. He had been feeling nauseous in the ambulance and had vomited twice since his arrival. Apart from ongoing nausea and a mild headache he was feeling okay. Baseline observations were normal. Clinical examination showed no neurological deficit. He had extensive right periorbital swelling and a full thickness right forehead laceration that needed suturing.

The casualty officer was worried about the ongoing nausea and arranged for an urgent computed tomogram of the brain (fig 1⇓).



Fig 1 Axial computed tomogram of the brain (soft tissue windows)





### 1 What is the most likely diagnosis?

#### Short answer

Free intracranial air (pneumocephaly) is seen around the frontal lobes, sylvian fissures, and para-falcine region, with soft tissue swelling over the right frontal bone (fig 2⇓). The combination of frontal head injury and extensive pneumocephaly suggests a frontal sinus fracture.



Fig 2 Axial computed tomogram of the brain (soft tissue windows) showing free air around the frontal lobes (white arrows), falx, and sylvian fissures (white arrowheads)



#### Long answer

This is a case of frontal sinus fracture with intracranial extension. The non-contrast computed tomogram of the brain shows extensive pneumocephaly with pockets of air seen around the frontal lobes, sylvian fissures, falx, and quadrigeminal cistern (fig 2). Soft tissue swelling is seen overlying the right frontal bone. The brain parenchyma has normal a …
Exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide pulses
Authors: E. Morawiec, I. Tillie-Leblond, V. Pansini, J. Salleron, M. Remy-Jardin, B. Wallaert
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

To the Editors:

Acute exacerbations (AEs) are now recognised as a frequent and severe complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In a large series, 1- and 3-yr incidences were 14.2% and 20.7%, respectively [1]. New diagnostic criteria were published in 2007 [2]. The pathogenesis of these episodes remains unknown, although invasive procedures have been described as possible triggers. Prognosis is poor, with a short-term mortality rate of 45–85%. There is no consensus regarding treatment, as no published study has compared the efficiency of different treatment regimens, and treatment often differs between patients within a given study [1–4]. Since 2005, exacerbations of IPF identified in our referral centre (Centre Hospitalier Regional de Lille, Lille, France) have been treated with pulses of methylprednisolone followed by pulses of cyclophosphamide [5]. The main goal of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the mortality of exacerbations of IPF treated with this regimen.

Following admission for aggravation of dyspnoea, a series of tests were run to determine diagnosis and functional impairment. When an exacerbation of IPF was diagnosed, patients were treated with a methylprednisolone pulse (1,000 mg) at days 1–3 and on day 4 placed on an escalating regimen of cyclophosphamide with an initial dose of 500 mg intravenously [5]. The dose of cyclophosphamide was increased by 200 mg every 2 weeks, provided the total white blood cell count remained at >3,000 cells·mm−3. The maximum single administered dose was 1,500 mg of cyclophosphamide. The diagnosis of IPF was reassessed for the purpose of this study …
Loss of Symptoms of Pulmonary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy after Laparotomy
Authors: F. ANTHONY GRECO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 October 1974Loss of Symptoms of Pulmonary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy after LaparotomyF. ANTHONY GRECO, M.D., IRVING KUSHNER, M.D., F.A.C.P.F. ANTHONY GRECO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, IRVING KUSHNER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-4-555 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Reversal of the symptoms of pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, a syndrome of obscure pathogenesis, has been documented after intrathoracic tumor removal or irradiation; vagotomy; sectioning of intercostal nerves; hilar dissection, with or without division of nerves; pulmonary artery division; hypophysectomy; and thoracotomy alone (1, 2). We recently attended a patient with carcinoma of the lung and pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, whose distressing extremity pain and swelling disappeared immediately after laparotomy.A 58-year-old white man, with a history of 60 pack-years of cigarette smoking, was admitted to a local hospital in May 1973 with a 6-month history of increasingly painful...References1. HOLMAN C: Osteoarthropathy in lung cancer: disappearance after section of intercostal nerves. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 45:479-481, 1963 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HOLLINGBRODEYBOLAND HRH: Pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Lancet 2:1269-1274, 1961 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GINSBERGBROWN JJ: Increased oestrogen excretion in hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy. Lancet 2:1274-1276, 1961 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. HALL G: The cause of digital clubbing: testing a new hypothesis. Lancet 1:750-753, 1959 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. HALLSACHNER GM: Inactivation of endogenous vasodilator material: a detoxification process of the lung. J Appl Physiol 21:923-927, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology West Virginia University School of Medicine Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByExploring the Cause of the Most Ancient Clinical Sign of Medicine: Finger ClubbingPamidronate-induced remission of pain associated with hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in chemoendocrine therapy-refractory inoperable metastatic breast carcinomaTranscervical Vagotomy for Hypertrophic Pulmonary OsteoarthropathyKlinische UntersuchungsmethodenParaneoplasien der Neoplasmen der Bronchien und der LungeDigital clubbing and hyperthrophic osteorthropathy: The underlying mechanisms 1 October 1974Volume 81, Issue 4Page: 555-556KeywordsInflammationLaparotomyLung and intrathoracic tumorsNervesPathogenesisPulmonary arteriesThoracotomyVagotomy Issue Published: 1 October 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Policy Responses to Demand for Health Care Access
Authors: Katherine Diaz Vickery, Kori Sauser, Matthew M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intensive Conventional and Insulin Pump Therapies in Adult Type I Diabetes
Authors: DAVID M. NATHAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

We examined the relative efficacy of two modes of insulin therapy in five patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Using a crossover protocol, therapy with multiple insulin injections was compared with the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (pump therapy); both therapies were regulated by home blood glucose monitoring. Although both therapies were equally effective during 2 to 4 days of inpatient management, pump therapy was clearly superior in the outpatient setting. Mean plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c concentrations and the frequency of hypoglycemic reactions were significantly less with pump therapy despite apparently equal compliance with both therapies. We conclude that in compliant adult patients with type I diabetes continuous insulin infusion is more effective in achieving normalization of plasma glucose concentration than intensified conventional therapy in the outpatient setting. Although these patients found pump therapy preferable to intensive conventional therapy, the superiority of pump therapy is not explained by this bias. Whether these results are applicable in a more standard treatment setting remains to be established.
Women and Alcohol
Authors: Sheila B. Blume
Journal: JAMA (1986)

SOCIETY'S strong disapproval of the woman who drinks alcohol is not of recent origin. In ancient Rome, the drinking of alcohol by women was strictly prohibited<sup>1</sup>and punishable by death. Centuries later, Kant attributed the sobriety of women of his time to their special place in society and their adherence to a higher standard.<sup>2</sup> Today's woman alcoholic is viewed as weak willed (as is her male counterpart), but, in addition, she is thought to be promiscuous and sexually aggressive, despite data that indicate quite the reverse. Recent studies indicate that women who are heavy or problem drinkers are more likely to be victims of the alcohol-related sexual aggression of others.<sup>3,4</sup> Much of what we know about alcoholism is based on studies of male alcoholics, but in recent years a special focus on the woman alcoholic has emerged. Several conferences have been convened to review the ongoing research
Platelet Aggregate Filtration Pressure--A Method of Measuring Platelet Aggregation in Whole Blood
Authors: D. P. Dhall, N. A. Matheson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

Journal Article Platelet Aggregate Filtration Pressure—A Method of Measuring Platelet Aggregation in Whole Blood Get access D. P. Dhall, D. P. Dhall From the Department of Surgery, University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. A. Matheson N. A. Matheson From the Department of Surgery, University of Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 3, Issue 2, April 1969, Pages 155–160, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/3.2.155 Published: 01 April 1969 Article history Received: 20 May 1968 Published: 01 April 1969
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Brazil
Authors: Bernardo Galvao Castro
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are being reported at an ever-increasing rate in Brazil, with over 1000 cases reported by the end of 1986. It is clear that a serious problem already exists and will certainly get worse. The screening of blood for evidence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is obviously one way whereby the spread of infection through transfusion can be prevented. However, although the need to screen blood has finally been accepted by the health authorities, it is proving difficult to implement such screening, as blood transfusion is largely in the hands of private commercial organizations, most of them using paid donors. Some of these blood banks do screen routinely, but no information is available on how widely this is practiced. Only about 10% of blood (from unpaid donors) is distributed through government centers and even this is not routinely screened, partly
Sonodynamic Therapy Decreased Neointimal Hyperplasia After Stenting in the Rabbit Iliac Artery
Authors: Koh Arakawa, Kousukue Hagisawa, Hiroyuki Kusano, Satoru Yoneyama, Akira Kurita, Tsunenori Arai, Makoto Kikuchi, Isao Sakata, Shin-ichirou Umenura, Fumitaka Ohsuzu
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — In-stent restenosis remains a pivotal problem after coronary and peripheral stenting. Sonodynamic therapy inhibits tumor growth by means of cytotoxicity after the activation of sonochemical sensitizers by ultrasound. PAD-S31 is known to be a water-soluble, chlorin-derivative sonochemical sensitizer. We assessed the efficacy of sonodynamic therapy using this sensitizer on neointimal hyperplasia in a rabbit stent model. Methods and Results — Stents were implanted in the iliac arteries of 16 rabbits. A total of 32 stented arteries were randomized to sonodynamic therapy, control, ultrasound exposure, and PAD-S31 groups. One hour after the intravenous administration of PAD-S31 (25 mg/kg body weight), ultrasound energy (1 MHz, 0.3 W/cm 2 ) was delivered transdermally to the sonodynamic therapy group. At 28 days, all stent sites were analyzed morphometrically. The size of the intimal cross-sectional area was smaller in the sonodynamic therapy group than in the control, ultrasound, and PAD-S31 groups (0.31±0.07 versus 1.38±0.47, 1.66±0.71, and 1.61±0.42 mm 2 , respectively; P &lt;0.05). The ratio of the intimal and medial cross-sectional area was smaller in the sonodynamic therapy group than in the control, ultrasound, and PAD-S31 groups (0.71±0.22 versus 2.53±1.39, 2.48±0.60, and 3.45±1.42 mm 2 ; P &lt;0.05). Conclusions — Sonodynamic therapy with PAD-S31 is considered to be a feasible treatment modality for noninvasively inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in a rabbit iliac stent model.
Internal Jugular Venous Oxygen Tension as an Index of Cerebral Blood Flow During Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: JAIME G. VIANCOS, PHILIP H. SECHZER, ARTHUR S. KEATS, MICHAEL E. DEBAKEY
Journal: Circulation (1966)

From published data which related cerebral blood flow (CBF) to arterial carbon dioxide tension (Pa co co2 ) and related CBF to internal jugular venous oxygen tension (Pv o o2 ), the relationship Pv o o2 =1.20 Pa co co2 -4.9 was derived. This relationship was based on the documented changes in CBF induced by alterations in Pa co co2 in normal man anesthetized with halothane. The validity of using Pv o o2 as a measure of CBF in clinical situations was tested in 29 anesthetized patients from whom 90 paired values of Pa co co2 and Pv o o2 were obtained during reconstructive carotid artery surgery. A significant relationship, Pv o o2 =1.08 Pa co co2 +3.6 was obtained over a wide range of Pa co co2 values, indicating that Pv o o2 was a reliable measure of CBF under these circumstances. No significant differences were found to result from the various anesthetic agents used, the age of patients, and the period of sampling. Samples obtained during the use of a temporary internal carotid artery shunt indicate that the shunt provides blood flow sufficient to maintain cerebral circulation normally responsive to hypercarbia.
Digitalis and the sick sinus syndrome. Clinical and electrophysiologic documentation of severe toxic effect on sinus node function.
Authors: J R Margolis, H C Strauss, H C Miller, M Gilbert, A G Wallace
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Digoxin, in a common clinical dose and at a low serum level, brought out severe manifestations of sinus node dysfunction in a patient who had previously undergone successful mitral valve replacement. This report presents the results of extensive clinical and electrophysiologic studies of this patient before and after a digoxin challenge. In the absence of cardiac glycoside, the only demonstrable abnormalities of sinus node function were mild resting sinus bradycardia and failure to respond to atropine administration. Responses to isoproterenol administration, programmed premature atrial stimulation, and overdrive pacing at several cycle lengths were normal. Following the administration of intravenous digoxin, 1.025 mg/24 hrs, the resting sinus cycle length increased and the response to overdrive pacing became markedly abnormal. The latter was followed by sinus pauses in excess of six seconds, even at relatively slow overdrive pacing rates. The electrophysiologic and clinical implications of these data are discussed. It is suggested that despite previous reports that digitalis preparations are relatively well tolerated by patients with sick sinus syndrome, caution should be used when administering these drugs to this group of patients.
Lung Sounds
Authors: Rehan Haque, Robert Gillio
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy Of C1Inhibitor Concentrate (Berinert) For Severe Angioedema Attacks Induced By Drugs Targeting The Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System
Authors: Laurence Bouillet, Bernard Floccard, Isabelle Boccon-Gibod, Sebastien Trouiller, Anne Du-Than, Olivier Fain
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Left brain, retrotransposons, and schizophrenia.
Authors: T J Crow
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18, CR3), a β<sub>2</sub> integrin expressed on leukocytes, is important in leukocyte migration. We demonstrate that Mac-1 is also expressed on peritoneal mast cells and LPS stimulated bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells, and that Mac-1-deficient mice, which lack this receptor, have significant reductions in the numbers of mast cells resident in the peritoneal cavity, peritoneal wall, and dorsal skin. The reduced numbers of mast cells in Mac-1-deficient mice may have important functional consequences, in that Mac-1-deficient mice exhibit significantly increased mortality after cecal ligation and puncture, a model of acute septic peritonitis in which host resistance has been shown to be dependent on both mast cells and complement. These findings demonstrate that Mac-1 is required for the expression of normal levels of mast cells in the peritoneal cavity, peritoneal wall, and certain areas of the skin, as well as for maintaining adequate mast cell-dependent host defense against bacterial infection.