tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide and superoxide: Interference with hypoxic signaling
Authors: B BRUNE, J ZHOU
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Sensing and responding to changes in oxygen partial pressure assures that the cellular oxygen supply is tightly controlled in order to balance the risks of oxidative damage vs. oxygen deficiency. The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) regulatory system is controlled by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs), the von Hippel Lindau protein (pVHL), and the 26S proteasome and transduces changes in oxygenation to adequate intracellular adaptive responses. A functional HIF response requires stabilization of the α-subunit, e.g. HIF-1α, during hypoxia and dimerization with HIF-1β, to drive target gene activation. Intriguingly, high concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) stabilize HIF-1α and thus mimic a hypoxic response under normoxia. Mechanistically, NO blocks PHD activity and attenuates proline hydroxylation of HIF-1α. This causes dissociation of pVHL from HIF-1α and, consequently, HIF-1α accumulates because proteasomal destruction is impaired. However, during hypoxia low concentrations of NO facilitate destruction of HIF-1α and thus reverse HIF signaling. Under these conditions, NO impairs respiration and avoids oxygen gradients that limit PHD activity. An additional layer of complexity comprises the interaction of NO with O2−. Signaling qualities attributed to NO are antagonized by compensatory flux rates of O2− and vice versa to adjust levels of HIF-1α under normoxia and hypoxia. The liaison of NO and hypoxia is versatile and ranges from courting to matrimony and divorce.
Effect of Aminoguanidine on Lung Fluid Filtration after Endotoxin in Awake Sheep
Authors: OLEG V. EVGENOV, OLAV HEVR ØY, KATJA E. BREMNES, LARS J. BJERTNAES
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

It has been suggested that enhanced generation of nitric oxide by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) may contribute to acute lung injury. We hypothesized that aminoguanidine (AG), a proposed selective inhibitor of iNOS, would alter pulmonary hemodynamics, fluid filtration, and gas exchange after endotoxin in chronically instrumented awake sheep. Eighteen sheep were randomly assigned to receive either AG (10 mg/kg + 1 mg/kg/h), or NaCl 0.9% intravenously for 4 h, beginning 2 h after injection of Esch-erichia coli endotoxin (1 μ g/kg). After endotoxin, pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), capillary pressure (Pc), and vascular resistance index (PVRI) rose concomitantly with six-fold increments in lung lymph flow (Q˙ l) and protein clearance (Cl). Extravascular lung water (EVLW) doubled, as assessed with the thermal dye dilution technique; PaO2 decreased, aaPo 2 and venous admixture (Q˙ s/Q˙ t) increased. After AG, Q˙ l and Cl increased further by approximately 30%, whereas EVLW remained unchanged, despite an additional increase in Pc. Ppa, PVRI, and systemic vascular resistance index rose, whereas cardiac index and pulmonary blood volume index declined. In addition, PaO2 rose, and aaPo 2 and Q˙ s/Q˙ t decreased. We conclude that in endotoxemic sheep, AG improves gas exchange and increases Q˙ l and Cl, whereas EVLW remains unchanged in spite of enhanced Pc. Apparently, increased lymphatic drainage prevents EVLW from rising after AG.
Usefulness of 99mTc-Methylene Diphosphonate Scintigraphy in Nephrocalcinosis
Authors: A BOSSUYT, D VERBEELEN, M H JONCKHEER, R SIX
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

Abnormally increased uptake of 99 mTc-methylene diphosphonate in the kidney parenchyma was found in a patient with acutely exacerbated sarcoidosis. The findings could be related to active sites of nephrocalcinosis.
Determinants of coronary reserve in rats subjected to coronary artery ligation or aortic banding
Authors: E KALKMAN, Y BILGIN, P HAREN, R SUYLEN, P SAXENA, R SCHOEMAKER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Objective: We investigated whether decreased coronary reserve in hearts after coronary artery ligation or in hearts from rats after aortic banding can be related to remodeling of resistance arteries. Methods: Maximal coronary flow (absolute flow) and cardiac perfusion (flow corrected for heart weight) were determined in isolated, perfused rat hearts after adenosine or nitroprusside, at 3 and 8 weeks after coronary artery ligation or 4–5 weeks after aortic banding. Perivascular collagen and medial thickness of resistance arteries were determined by morphometry. Results: Maximal coronary flow of infarcted hearts had been restored to sham values at 3 weeks. Growth of cardiac muscle mass from 3 to 8 weeks exceeded the increase in maximal coronary flow, leading to a decreased perfusion at 8 weeks. A slight, transient increase in perivascular collagen, but no medial hypertrophy, was found after infarction. After aortic banding, perivascular fibrosis and medial hypertrophy led to a decreased maximal coronary flow in both the hypertrophied left and the non-hypertrophied right ventricle. Consequently, perfusion of the left ventricle was most severely reduced. Conclusions: Reduced maximal perfusion after aortic banding is determined by both cardiac hypertrophy and vascular remodeling. In contrast, during infarction-induced remodeling, reduction of perfusion is not determined by vascular remodeling, but mainly by disproportional cardiac hypertrophy relative to vascular growth.
Infection from arteriovenous shunts.
Authors: M Yudis
Journal: BMJ (1971)

to state "these results do show that both chloral hydrate and dichlorphenazone are unsuitable sedatives for patients on oral anticoagulants" is to draw a conclusion which is not very constructive and may be con- sidered impractical.Ideally, patients on anticoagulant therapy should not receive additional drugs sus- pected of giving rise to these interactions.The patient's condition, however, may be such that night sedation is necessary and not all respond to nitrazepam.In this article it is stated that nitrazepam is thought to be a safe sedative during anticoagulant therapy.Only a brief mention is made of barbiturates, although these have been shown to be the most consistent of all the interacting drugs.'Chloral hydrate has been used as an hypnotic for 102 years and has been particularly useful in the very old and the very ill.Knowing that interactions occur and that they may be unpredictable, careful monitor- ing of the prothrombin time is essential.This will prevent mishaps without limiting the physician's choice of treatment.-Iam, etc.,
Acute pancreatitis after translumbar aortography.
Authors: C W Imrie, J Goldring, J G Pollock, J K Watt
Journal: BMJ (1977)

tions in the appearance or function of a modified spray that had been exposed to 150 cycles of a 150'C autoclave as well as 50 cycles of a 134°C autoclave.Probably many other hospitals may need to pay close attention to this unnecessary, potentially dangerous source of hospital-acquired infection.
Investigation of Nazi anatomy textbook to start
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Officials from the University of Vienna have apologised for failing to investigate the university's involvement with Nazism. They have also promised to research archives in Germany and the United States to determine the origin of the cadavers used for illustrations in an anatomy textbook by Eduard Pernkopf.

Dr Pernkopf was head of the university's medical faculty after the Anschluss in 1938, and rector during 1943-5. Last year two doctors alleged in a letter to JAMA that …
Endorsement of the CONSORT statement by high impact medical journals: survey of instructions for authors
Authors: Douglas G Altman
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement of 1996, updated in 2001,1 2 gives recommendations for reporting randomised controlled trials and has been endorsed by the World Association of Medical Editors, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), and the Council of Science Editors. Studies indicate that it has helped to improve the quality of reporting of trials.3–5 I sought to determine the extent to which leading medical journals had incorporated the CONSORT recommendations into their instructions for authors.

Using citation impact factors for 2001, I identified the top five journals from each of 33 medical specialties and the top 15 journals for general and internal medicine. I excluded selected journals that did not publish clinical research (based on explicit statement, inspection of journal contents, or PubMed search) and replaced them by the next on the list. The final sample of 167 journals was obtained after examining 232 journals. …
On the road with MS
Authors: Colin Martin
Journal: BMJ (2008)

“I have been fighting a horrible and brutal war over the past seven years,” shouts Johnny Hicklenton, furiously propelling his wheelchair through the doors of a lift, in the opening sequence of a new film documenting his battle with multiple sclerosis. Some patients with chronic diseases write about their experiences, but Hicklenton is a talented artist, well known for his horror comic illustrations. So he collaborated on the artwork and animation for Here’s Johnny , made by UK film production company Animal Monday.

He is definitely not an avuncular Rolf Harris, wielding a paintbrush and asking “Can you see what it is yet?” The “cancer journeys” written by oncology patients often record their genteel self discoveries in the face of adversity. Here’s Johnny establishes a more radical genre, providing a cathartic, full-on road trip through the progression of the protagonist’s disease. Think Jack Kerouac with a sketch pad instead of a typewriter.

For Hicklenton, his diagnosis with MS was …
Prevalence of chronic arthritis in four geographical areas of the Scottish Highlands.
Authors: M M Steven
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

A survey of the prevalence of chronic arthritic conditions was carried out on a population of 35,251 patients registered with 29 general practitioners in the highlands of Scotland. Symptomatic osteoarthritis had an overall prevalence of 65 per 1000 but rose from one in 20 of those aged 40-50 years to one quarter of those over 70 years of age. Rheumatoid arthritis was present in 5.5 per 1000 with a two to threefold female preponderance and there was an unexplained threefold difference between the regions with the highest and lowest prevalence. Seronegative arthritides were found in 2.1 per 1000, polymyalgia rheumatica/temporal arteritis in 1.2 per 1000, and gout in 3.4 per 1000. Juvenile chronic arthritis had a prevalence of 0.39 per 1000 (2.0 per 1000 in those aged 15 years and younger) and connective tissue disease 0.45 per 1000. There was considerable variation in the prevalence of inflammatory arthritis throughout the region. The highest prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis was 14.5 per 1000 women in one east coast area and the lowest 5.2 per 1000 women in the west. The difference did not seem to be due to misclassification. A consultant9s review of a questionnaire sent to all except those with osteoarthritis changed the proportions of patients who could be confirmed to have the respective inflammatory arthritides (rheumatoid arthritis between 3.4 and 5.0 per 1000, seronegative arthritides 2.0 per 1000, juvenile chronic arthritis 0.52 per 1000), and a third of those diagnosed as having rheumatoid arthritis failed to meet hospital oriented diagnostic criteria.
EFFECTS OF LIGHT ON NORMAL RABBITS, WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ORGANIC REACTION
Authors: Louise Pearce, Chester M. Van Allen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

An analysis has been made of the organ weights of normal rabbits exposed to a constant illumination having none of the shorter ultraviolet rays and of other rabbits kept in darkness for periods of 2 to 12 weeks. The environment of constant illumination was associated with a well marked decrease in the relative weights of most organs, and in certain instances this occurred when the organ weights of the controls were becoming increasingly large. There was also an associated effect of stabilization of organ weight. The majority of the organs of rabbits caged in constant darkness also showed a tendency toward decreased and stabilized weights, but these effects were less pronounced than in the rabbits caged under conditions of constant illumination. A notable exception to this general result was the weight of the liver which was markedly increased. The results of this experiment support the conception that there is a relationship between light and the physical state of the animal organism which may be expressed in the concrete form implied by the trend or direction of organ weight.
Patients' empowerment: the East side story
Authors: Piotr Mierzewski
Journal: BMJ (2005)

decided to rationalise the healthcare system without taking much account of the impact of the reforms on its citizens.The dissatisfaction among Croatian citizens with these reforms indicates that decision makers should consider users' opinions during health service reform if they wish to build a system that is not only cost efficient but is also responsive to citizens' needs, expectations, and health status.Contributors and sources: MM is a medical sociologist who has been analysing health systems reforms over the past 20 years.His primary interest is in health inequalities.SK has been researching patient perspectives and health communication in general.The arguments found in this article are mainly based on published papers on health reform in Croatia and government documents.
Introduction to Clinical Allergy
Authors: John P. McGovern
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Feingold has produced a well-organized, informative, and attractively published introduction for the "... physician who does not limit his practice to the problems of allergy." He has succeeded admirably in uniting many matter-of-fact, yet singularly neglected, aspects of allergic disease. In 19 chapters, four of which were contributed by other authors, the book covers in reasonable scope the immunology of allergy; allergic diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tracts, the gastrointestinal tract, the eye, and the skin; insect allergy; drugs used in the treatment of allergic disease; autoallergic disease; immune deficiency states; and adverse reactions to foods, food chemicals, and drugs. There also are excellent chapters on the botany of allergy, immunotherapy, allergy in infancy, psychological factors in allergic disease, and allergic headache. Throughout, Feingold underscores the importance of differentiating the signs and symptoms of allergy from those of certain nonimmunologic conditions that mimic allergy, eg, adverse reactions to foods
Florence Nightingale's fever
Authors: M. E Baly
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—No one doubts that Florence Nightingale's illness was at least partly the consequence of her attack of “Crimean fever” in 1855. There have been many suggestions about the causal organism for this fever, and Brucella melilentis is as convincing as any,1 though Miss Nightingale herself claimed that the fever was typhus.2

What has intrigued historians is why she stayed in bed, or on a couch, for over 20 years. The short answer is that this was the treatment prescribed and that …
Authors' reply to Abrahamsen and colleagues
Authors: Y. Vinogradova, C. Coupland, J. Hippisley-Cox
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Pazianas and colleagues’ study did show a 31% reduced risk of incident colorectal cancer in alendronate users compared with non-users (adjusted hazard ratio 0.69, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.79),1 2 as we noted.3 The alendronate group in table 2, however, included all women with one or more prescription for alendronate, and …
Drug Ad Moratorium?
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intralesional Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors With Combined Corynebacterium parvum and Recombinant Interleukin-2 in Mice
Authors: F. K. Conley, J. R. Adler, J. A. Duncan, J. D. Kennedy, R. C. Sutton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Intralesional Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors With Combined Corynebacterium parvum and Recombinant Interleukin-2 in Mice Get access Frances K. Conley, Frances K. Conley * Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif, and Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, Calif *Correspondence to : Frances K. Conley, M.D., Division of Neurosurgery, R-115, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John R. Adler, Jr., John R. Adler, Jr. Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif, and Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John A. Duncan, John A. Duncan Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif, and Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jerone D. Kennedy, Jerone D. Kennedy Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif, and Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roy C. Sutton Roy C. Sutton Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif, and Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, Calif Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 16, 15 August 1990, Pages 1340–1344, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.16.1340 Published: 15 August 1990 Article history Received: 22 May 1990 Accepted: 25 May 1990 Published: 15 August 1990
Sequential myeloablative autologous stem cell transplantation and reduced intensity allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is safe and feasible in children, adolescents and young adults with poor-risk refractory or recurrent Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: P Satwani, Z Jin, P L Martin, M Bhatia, J H Garvin, D George, S Chaudhury, J Talano, E Morris, L Harrison, J Sosna, M Peterson, O Militano, S Foley, J Kurtzberg, M S Cairo
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Expression of a truncated β-catenin mRNA in human liver cancer cells, a possible marker of neoplasia
Authors: M. Cervello, L. Giannitrapani, R. Gambino, M. Notarbartolo, M.D. Miceli, R. Farruggio, L. Virruso, L. Castagnetta, G. Montalto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Training Predoctoral Social and Behavioral Science Students in Alcoholism Research
Authors: EDWARD BLACKER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

A training program for research in alcohol problems, sponsored by the Massachusetts division of alcoholism with the cooperation of universities and field settings in the Boston area, is described. Evaluative data collected in a survey of former student participants indicate that the program is a highly effective training model, facilitating the recruitment of new investigators and the production of significant research in the field of alcohol problems.
Visualization of One's Own Cataract
Authors: M. G. Jacoby
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To the Editor.—  I read with interest Dr Thomas' letter (1982;248:1973) on how he visualized the image of his cataract.  Cataracts may change the perception of color vision by filtering out the violet and blue rays so that the world appears rosier. Because of this, artists often tend to paint pictures in warmer hues in their later years, becoming bluer and colder after cataract surgery.  A vitreous opacity developed in the dominant eye of Norwegian expressionist, Edvard Munch, at the age of 67 years. It cast a shadow in the shape of a bird with a long beak onto his retina. This bird is repeatedly shown in his later paintings.  The whole area has been explored by Patrick Trevor-Roper. 1
Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis
Authors: J. SCHEIDLER, G. LEINSINGER, M. PFAHLER, C. -M. KIRSCH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Thirty-seven patients with suspected osteomyelitis in conjunction with diabetic gangrene (N = 14, group 1), arthroplasty (N = 8, group 2), and various diseases (N = 15, group 3) were examined. Three-phase bone scans, followed by granulocyte imaging using I-123 labeled anti-NCA 95 monoclonal antibodies, were performed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of both procedures. Final diagnosis was established histologically, bacteriologically, or by both methods either through the clinical course or by long-term follow-up in patients in group 1. Osteomyelitis was proven in 17 out of the 37 patients. Bone and antigranulocyte imaging demonstrated positive results in all patients with osteomyelitis (sensitivity 100% for each method). No signs of skeletal infection were found in 20 patients. Fifteen of these patients had no antigranulocyte antibody accumulation, resulting in 75% specificity. Ten patients without infection had normal three-phase bone imaging results (specificity 50%). Antigranulocyte imaging results were negative in 6 out of 10 patients without osteomyelitis in groups 2 and 3 whose bone imaging results were questionable. However, because of identical bone and granulocyte imaging results, no increase of diagnostic accuracy could be obtained by additional granulocyte imaging in patients with diabetic gangrene. Final diagnoses of false-positive antigranulocyte studies were aseptic osteonecrosis (N = 2), loosening of prostheses, gouty arthritis, and pain after arthrolysis. In summary, antigranulocyte antibody imaging offered high sensitivity and acceptable specificity for the diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Diagnostic accuracy can be improved through the adjuvant use of antigranulocyte imaging for patients with suspected osteomyelitis, especially when radiographic and scintigraphic results are questionable or unreliable.
Modified radical mastectomy: A pilot clinical trial comparing the use of conventional electric scalpel and harmonic scalpel
Authors: Gustavo Henrique Fabri Pereira Ribeiro, Ligia Maria Kerr, Raphael Luiz Haikel, Stela Verzinhasse Peres, Angelo Gustavo Zucca Matthes, Rodrigo Augusto Depieri Michelli, Antônio Bailão, José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani, René Aloísio da Costa Vieira
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)