tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of Caveolin-3 Induces Endogenous Cardiac Protection by Mimicking Ischemic Preconditioning
Authors: Yasuo M. Tsutsumi, Yousuke T. Horikawa, Michelle M. Jennings, Michael W. Kidd, Ingrid R. Niesman, Utako Yokoyama, Brian P. Head, Yasuko Hagiwara, Yoshihiro Ishikawa, Atsushi Miyanohara, Piyush M. Patel, Paul A. Insel, Hemal H. Patel, David M. Roth
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Caveolae, lipid-rich microdomains of the sarcolemma, localize and enrich cardiac-protective signaling molecules. Caveolin-3 (Cav-3), the dominant isoform in cardiac myocytes, is a determinant of caveolar formation. We hypothesized that cardiac myocyte–specific overexpression of Cav-3 would enhance the formation of caveolae and augment cardiac protection in vivo. Methods and Results— Ischemic preconditioning in vivo increased the formation of caveolae. Adenovirus for Cav-3 increased caveolar formation and phosphorylation of survival kinases in cardiac myocytes. A transgenic mouse with cardiac myocyte–specific overexpression of Cav-3 (Cav-3 OE) showed enhanced formation of caveolae on the sarcolemma. Cav-3 OE mice subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury had a significantly reduced infarct size relative to transgene-negative mice. Endogenous cardiac protection in Cav-3 OE mice was similar to wild-type mice undergoing ischemic preconditioning; no increased protection was observed in preconditioned Cav-3 OE mice. Cav-3 knockout mice did not show endogenous protection and showed no protection in response to ischemic preconditioning. Cav-3 OE mouse hearts had increased basal Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation comparable to wild-type mice exposed to ischemic preconditioning. Wortmannin, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, attenuated basal phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β and blocked cardiac protection in Cav-3 OE mice. Cav-3 OE mice had improved functional recovery and reduced apoptosis at 24 hours of reperfusion. Conclusions— Expression of caveolin-3 is both necessary and sufficient for cardiac protection, a conclusion that unites long-standing ultrastructural and molecular observations in the ischemic heart. The present results indicate that increased expression of caveolins, apparently via actions that depend on phosphoinositide 3-kinase, has the potential to protect hearts exposed to ischemia/reperfusion injury.
THE ADAPTATION OF PURE SCIENCE TO MEDICINE.CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS BEFORE THE SECTION ON PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, AT THE FIFTY-FIFTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AT ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., JUNE 7-10, 1904.
Authors: ALEXANDER LAMBERT
Journal: JAMA (1904)

A year ago this section enjoyed the pleasure of listening to the address of its chairman, in which were emphasized the advantages—in fact, the necessity—of clinical bedside instruction in medical education and the blending with this instruction of the scientific work done in the laboratories. But this deals with our duties to our successors in medicine, and after many years of struggling we can now feel assured that our successors, if properly educated, will have adequate grounding in laboratory work, and be able to apply the exact methods learned there to aid them in their clinical work of every-day practice. To the majority of men most active in the practice or medicine to-day, who graduate fifteen to twenty years ago, these advantages were not given, and they must turn, therefore, for their laboratory work to others who have specialized in these branches of medicine.  In our cities, at least, the
Predicting Benefit for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Use
Authors: Elsayed Z. Soliman
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early growth retardation in diabetic pregnancy.
Authors: J F Pedersen, L Molsted-Pedersen
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Thirty-five insulin-dependent diabetic women with reliable menstrual histories were examined by ultrasonic scanning in the 7th-14th weeks of pregnancy. Judged from crown-to-rump length the fetuses were on average 5.4 days smaller than those in a local normal series. Ten of the fetuses were nine days or more smaller than normal and had a lower mean birth weight than the others, though the mean gestational age was similar. Maternal diabetes was not more severe in this group, but only two of the mothers had attended a special hospital for control of their disease as compared with 19 of the remainder. Although babies of diabetic mothers are often overweight, there appears to be a subgroup of cases in which fetal growth is retarded early in pregnancy, leading to low birth weight and possibly a higher incidence of congenital malformations.
How Can We Learn About Developmental Processes From Cross-Sectional Studies, or Can We?
Authors: Helena Chmura Kraemer, Jerome A. Yesavage, Joy L. Taylor, David Kupfer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Cross-sectional studies are often used in psychiatric research as a basis of longitudinal inferences about developmental or disease processes. While the limitations of such usage are often acknowledged, these are often understated. The authors describe how such inferences are often, and sometimes seriously, misleading. METHOD: Why and how these inferences mislead are here demonstrated on an intuitive level, by using simulated data inspired by real problems in psychiatric research. >RESULTS: Four factors with major roles in the relationship between cross-sectional studies and longitudinal inferences are selection of time scale, type of developmental process studied, reliability of measurement, and clarity of terminology. The authors suggest how to recognize inferential errors when they occur, describe how to protect against such errors in future research, and delineate the circumstances in which only longitudinal studies can answer crucial questions. CONCLUSIONS: The simple conclusion is that one must always use the results of cross-sectional studies to draw inferences about longitudinal processes with trepidation.
A STUDY OF THE PROBLEM OF MALNUTRITION IN INSTITUTIONALIZED PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: HARRY C SHARP, CRAWFORD N. BAGANZ
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1940)

A statistical survey of the problem of malnutrition in chronic psychotic patients reveals the fact that 49.9 per cent of all the patients in the hospital weighed less than the normal weight as outlined by the report of the Medico-Actuarial Mortality Investigation. Approximately 30 per cent were ten or more pounds under weight and 14.3 per cent were twenty or more pounds under weight. Almost 57 per cent of the patients were under weight when they were admitted to the hospital, and further, 38 per cent of these have lost weight since admission. Likewise, 13.6 per cent of the patients were under weight when they were admitted and have lost ten or more pounds since that time. This rather staggering amount of malnutrition is present in a hospital where the caloric value of the diet exceeds "basal diet plus 50 per cent" caloric requirement by 56 per cent. Under carefully controlled conditions a group of patients was given a high caloric diet with conditions so controlled as to assure the intake of at least 4500 calories. Despite the administration of this amount of food, a large number of these patients failed to gain, and the average gain was less than four pounds over a period of twenty weeks. A like group was given the same dietary intake and in addition 15 to 25 units of insulin twice a day. This group of patients underwent a gain averaging approximately 27 pounds in twenty weeks. [See Figure in Source PDF] [See Figure in Source PDF] It must further be noted that while 56.6 per cent of all patients were under weight at time of admission, 49.9 per cent were under weight at the time of this survey. Several of the patients who received insulin for the treatment of malnutrition had striking and unexpected improvements in their psychoses.
Electronic Health Records: Who Pays?
Authors: James J. Stark
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters5 December 2006Electronic Health Records: Who Pays?James J. Stark, MDJames J. Stark, MDFrom Maryview Medical Center, Portsmouth, Virginia.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-11-200612050-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR: I read with great interest the article by Chaudhry and colleagues (1) and the accompanying editorial by Halamka (2) on the value of the electronic health record (EHR) in improving process and outcome in health care. As a medical oncologist who has seen his practice crippled economically by changes in Medicare reimbursement, and as someone conversant with the problems of internists in keeping their practices economically viable, I wonder who will pay for all of this. Some hospital chains are offering to their staff the cost-saving opportunity to piggyback onto their newly established EHRs. However, software licenses ...References1. Chaudhry B, Wang J, Wu S, Maglione M, Mojica W, Roth E, et al. . Systematic review: impact of health information technology on quality, efficiency, and costs of medical care. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:742-52. Google Scholar2. Halamka JD. . Health information technology: shall we wait for the evidence? [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:775-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Maryview Medical Center, Portsmouth, Virginia.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSystematic Review: Impact of Health Information Technology on Quality, Efficiency, and Costs of Medical Care Basit Chaudhry , Jerome Wang , Shinyi Wu , Margaret Maglione , Walter Mojica , Elizabeth Roth , Sally C. Morton , and Paul G. Shekelle Metrics 5 December 2006Volume 145, Issue 11Page: 864KeywordsChartsConflicts of interestElectronic medical recordsHealth careInformation technologyMedicareResearch designResearch laboratories ePublished: 5 December 2006 Issue Published: 5 December 2006 CopyrightCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Painful Bulge in the Left Flank
Authors: Hsien-Yi Chiu, Sung-Jan Lin
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary-Artery Revascularization before Elective Major Vascular Surgery
Authors: Edward O. McFalls, Herbert B. Ward, Thomas E. Moritz, Steven Goldman, William C. Krupski, Fred Littooy, Gordon Pierpont, Steve Santilli, Joseph Rapp, Brack Hattler, Kendrick Shunk, Connie Jaenicke, Lizy Thottapurathu, Nancy Ellis, Domenic J. Reda, William G. Henderson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

We randomly assigned patients at increased risk for perioperative cardiac complications and clinically significant coronary artery disease to undergo either revascularization or no revascularization before elective major vascular surgery. The primary end point was long-term mortality.
Abstract 1861: Autophagy and cell death in breast cancer cells following oxidative stress by mitoquinone.
Authors: Yanira Gonzalez-Berrios, Baikuntha P. Aryal, Leena M. Chehab, Ashutosh Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Mitoquinone (MitoQ), a mitochondrially-targeted redox-active ubiquinone agent, selectively killed breast cancer cells compared to healthy cells mammary epithelial cells. While mitoquinone treatment led to irreversible loss in clonogenicity, the exact mechanism by which this agent was cytotoxic was unknown. We demonstrated that mitoquinone, although a synthetic derivative of the antioxidant ubiquinone, generated superoxide in MDA-MB-231 cells. Investigation into the cytotoxicity mechanism of MitoQ showed that a greater number of cells undergo autophagy than apoptosis. Drug treatment increased protein levels of the autophagosome-associated light chain 3 (LC3-II) that is responsible for the formation and nucleation of the autophagy bodies. Autophagy was confirmed by ultrastructural analysis using electron microscopy. However, the relationship between mitoquinone-induced oxidative stress and autophagy as a primary cellular response was not clear. We found that MitoQ induces Atg7-dependent but Beclin-1-independent cellular autophagy. Cancer cells and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) lacking the autophagy related gene 7 (Atg7) had lower levels of autophagy after MitoQ treatment than Atg7 wild-type counterparts. In addition, we observed higher levels of oxidation in Atg7 deficient cells. Keap1, an oxidative stress sensor protein that regulates an antioxidant response via the transcription factor Nrf2, underwent oxidation and degradation in drug-treated cells. However, in Atg7 deficient cells Keap1 degradation decreased, suggesting Atg7-dependent Keap1 degradation. Conversely, knockdown of Keap1 decreased autophagy levels, but had no apparent effect on apoptosis. In vivo studies using spontaneously hypertensive rats implanted with a tumor confirmed that treatment with MitoQ reduced tumor size and increase autophagy in tumor cells. We established the anti-tumor activity of Mito-Q in breast cancer cell lines and in an animal model. We also provided preliminary evidence for an Atg7- and Keap1- dependent autophagy as one of the mechanisms that respond to the oxidative stress by Mito-Q. Citation Format: Yanira Gonzalez-Berrios, Baikuntha P. Aryal, Leena M. Chehab, Ashutosh Rao. Autophagy and cell death in breast cancer cells following oxidative stress by mitoquinone. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1861. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1861
Teaching by Endoscopy Simulation
Authors: J. Baillie, P. Jowell, H. Evangelou, W. Bickel, P. Cotton
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

See also: Use of Computer Graphics Simulation for Teaching of Flexible SigmoidoscopyEndoscopy 1991; 23(03): 126-129DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1010637 See also: Author's ReplyEndoscopy 1991; 23(04): 240-240DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1010669
Evidence for the release of bradykinin in carcinoid syndrome.
Authors: J A Oates, W A Pettinger, R B Doctor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1966)

In a previous report (2), it was shown that a kinin peptide was released into the hepatic venous blood of some patients with carcinoid syndrome during flushes induced by epinephrine.A kinin- forming enzyme (kallikrein) was found in several carcinoid tumors.The kinin obtained from the hepatic venous blood of these patients has been further examined in the present studies.The physicochemical characteristics, enzymatic inacti- vation, and pharmacologic properties of this sub- stance indicate that it is bradykinin.Studies on the formation of this kinin are also reported. MethodsMaterials.Synthetic bradykinin1 and synthetic lysyl- bradykinin 2 were employed.Triple-crystallized salt free lyophilized trypsin and lyophilized chymotrypsin were purchased.3IRC-50 (CG-50) 100 to 200 mesh, hydro- gen form 4 was prepared as follows: The resin was washed twice with distilled water, washed repeatedly with 3 N ammonium hydroxide until the pH exceeded 9 (pH meter), washed with water, washed with 4 N acetic acid to reduce the pH below 3.5, washed again with water,
Adolescents With d-Transposition of the Great Arteries Corrected With the Arterial Switch Procedure
Authors: David C. Bellinger, David Wypij, Michael J. Rivkin, David R. DeMaso, Richard L. Robertson, Carolyn Dunbar-Masterson, Leonard A. Rappaport, Gil Wernovsky, Richard A. Jonas, Jane W. Newburger
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— We report neuropsychological and structural brain imaging assessments in children 16 years of age with d-transposition of the great arteries who underwent the arterial switch operation as infants. Children were randomly assigned to a vital organ support method, deep hypothermia with either total circulatory arrest or continuous low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods and Results— Of 159 eligible adolescents, 139 (87%) participated. Academic achievement, memory, executive functions, visual-spatial skills, attention, and social cognition were assessed. Few significant treatment group differences were found. The occurrence of seizures in the postoperative period was the medical variable most consistently related to worse outcomes. The scores of both treatment groups tended to be lower than those of the test normative populations, with substantial proportions scoring ≥1 SDs below the expected mean. Although the test scores of most adolescents in this trial cohort are in the average range, a substantial proportion have received remedial academic or behavioral services (65%). Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities were more frequent in the d-transposition of the great arteries group (33%) than in a referent group (4%). Conclusions— Adolescents with d-transposition of the great arteries who have undergone the arterial switch operation are at increased neurodevelopmental risk. These data suggest that children with congenital heart disease may benefit from ongoing surveillance to identify emerging difficulties. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00000470.
Myiasis of the Scalp From Dermatobia hominis
Authors: Chalasani Prasad
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Human infestation by the larvae of<i>Dermatobia hominis</i>(the warble or botfly) has long been recognized as one of the common parasitic diseases of Central and South America.<sup>1</sup>The following case is presented as a reminder that cutaneous myiasis must be considered with any South or Central American patient having a nonhealing abscess. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> An 11-year-old boy was seen in the pediatric surgical clinic of Elmhurst Hospital because of a lump in the occipital region of his scalp. The child had lived with his family in a town in Costa Rica until the week prior to his departure from the country. This final week was spent with relatives on a farm. Shortly after his arrival in New York a small lump was noticed on his scalp. During the next few weeks the lump gradually enlarged and began to discharge a small quantity of
EU to phase out tobacco advertising despite ruling
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The European Commission is to press ahead with legislation to phase out tobacco advertising and sponsorship inside the union despite losing a landmark case in the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg last week.

The judges ruled that parts of the legislation, agreed by EU governments and the European parliament two years ago and due to take effect from next July, went beyond the powers the union had been given by its treaties. Rather than strike out only the offending measures, …
THE RELATION OF THE TYPE OF COCCUS TO THE TYPE OF DISEASE IN MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS
Authors: Alex. M. Kennedy, C. C. Worster-Drought
Journal: BMJ (1917)

an enormous quantity of fresh young libroblasts and the entire absence of fibrin.We are conscious of the fact tllat, in common with all observations on the human subject, these notes lack a wide scientific basis, being witlhout the necessary control.None the less, in the cases studied two constant phenomena vere ob$erved-namely, .the very early and striking appearance of large firm-granulations (often in six hours), and the early bleeding of the surface of the wound.This latter point led us to introduce a slight modification in cases now under treatment, whiclh has served to shed some light on the part played by ether in the healing of the wounds.The wounds are firmly swabbed when dressed, especially those with cavities or deficient drainage.This procedure, while removing the pus, is undoubtedly instru- rmental in hastening healing by encouraging lurther oozing of blood from the granulation-tissue.