tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Crusted Rash in a Patient With AIDS
Authors: Emily Baumrin, Evan Piette, Robert Micheletti
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model of Docetaxel Disposition: from Mouse to Man
Authors: Erica L. Bradshaw-Pierce, S. Gail Eckhardt, Daniel L. Gustafson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Docetaxel (Taxotere), an important chemotherapeutic agent with shown activity in a broad range of cancers, is being investigated for use in combination therapies and as an antiangiogenic agent. Docetaxel exhibits a complex pharmacologic profile with high interpatient variability. Pharmacokinetic models capable of predicting exposure under various dosing regimens would aid the rational development of clinical protocols. Experimental Design: A pharmacokinetic study of docetaxel at 5 and 20 mg/kg was carried out in female BALB/c mice. Tissues were collected at various time points and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Time course tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic data were used to build and validate a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model in mice. Specific and nonspecific tissue partitioning, metabolism, and elimination data were coupled with mouse physiologic variables to develop a PBPK model that describes docetaxel plasma and tissue pharmacokinetic. The PBPK model was then modified with human model variables to predict the plasma distribution of docetaxel. Results: Resulting simulation data were compared with actual measured data obtained from our pharmacokinetic study (mouse), or from published data (human), using pharmacokinetic variables calculated using compartmental or noncompartmental analysis to assess model predictability. Conclusions: The murine PBPK model developed can accurately predict plasma and tissue levels at the 5 and 20 mg/kg doses. The human PBPK model is capable of estimating plasma levels at 30, 36, and 100 mg/m2. This will enable us to develop and test various dosing regimens (e.g., metronomic schedules and combination therapies) to achieve specific tissue and plasma concentrations to maximize therapeutic benefit while minimizing toxicity.
Long term follow‐up of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes using busulfan, cytosine arabinoside, and cyclophosphamide
Authors: Ehab Atallah, Judith Abrams, Lois Ayash, Gail Bentley, Muneer Abidi, Voravit Ratanatharathorn, Joseph Uberti
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Abstract We report here the 10‐year follow‐up of 86 patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). All patients received the busulfan, cytosine arabinoside, and cyclophosphamide (BAC) preparative regimen which consisted of busulfan 16 mg/kg, cytosine arabinoside 8 g/m 2 IV, and cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg IV. Fifty‐nine patients (69%) had de novo MDS; 26 (30%) had secondary MDS (treatment related), and one had a preceding aplastic anemia which progressed to MDS before transplant. Cytogenetics (80 patients) was classified as good (34%), intermediate (17%), or poor (42%). With a median follow‐up for survivors of 124 months, the 10‐year Kaplan‐Meier estimates for overall survival (OS) was 43% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31–53%). Cumulative nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and relapse was 43% (95% CI: 32–54%) and 19% (95% CI: 11–27%), respectively. No patient relapsed after 2 years. In patients with RAEB‐T/AML, 10‐year relapse‐free survival (RFS), relapse, and NRM was 36%, 36%, and 27%, respectively. Younger age ( P = 0.05), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) match ( P = 0.002), good risk cytogenetics ( P = 0.008), and having a related donor ( P = 0.03) significantly improved overall and RFS in the multivariable analysis. The long‐term follow‐up of patients receiving the BAC regimen with ASCT in this study indicated durable relapse‐free and OS with acceptable toxicity in this group of patients with high‐risk features. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BMA warns of hazards in health care
Authors: L Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The NHS Executive should set up a comprehensive environmental policy for the NHS, says a new report on the risks of health care published by the BMA. The BMA is calling on the Department of Health to set quality standards for the health of NHS employees, including their environmental wellbeing, by the end of 1995. Each hospital should appoint an environmental officer with responsibility for coordinating environmental health and developing local policies.

The report argues that the cost of failing to …
NIR-light-induced surface-enhanced Raman scattering for detection and photothermal/photodynamic therapy of cancer cells using methylene blue-embedded gold nanorod@SiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Sun-Hwa Seo, Bo-Mi Kim, Ara Joe, Hyo-Won Han, Xiaoyuan Chen, Zhen Cheng, Eue-Soon Jang
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Abstract 12719: Is Cardiovascular MRI Equally Effective as TEE in Evaluation of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Pulmonary Vein Isolation?
Authors: Sandeep Anreddy, Sukhraj Balhan, June A Yamrozik, Ronald B Williams, Mark Doyle, Saundra Grant, Robert W Biederman, Vikas K Rathi
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Rare diseases need a generic approach
Authors: Timothy P Senior, Andrew W Knight
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A prescription for better prescribing Medical education is a continuumEditor-The editorial by Aronson et al raises important concerns about the preparedness of newly qualified doctors to prescribe safely and effectively, but fails to provide evidence to support the claims that are made. 1 Importantly, the authors assume that the number of curricular hours equates to learning.The General Medical Council issues and regularly updates requirements for the content and outcomes of undergraduate medical education and the first foundation year.We deliberately do not tell medical schools how many hours must be spent on a particular subject: it is the acquisition of our learning objectives that is important.Medical education is a continuum.With respect to prescribing, as with so many other areas of medical education, we expect principles to be learnt and understood at medical school and then put into practice, under supervision, during the F1 year.Our requirements are laid out clearly in Tomorrow's Doctors and The New Doctor and include very clear expectations about the quality and extent of knowledge about the safe and effective use of drugs.Despite the strength of views expressed in the editorial, the authors have not presented robust and generally applicable evidence to show serious inadequacies in the learning of clinical pharmacology in the undergraduate medical curriculum.We look forward, however, to engaging with all interested parties to clarify the issues surrounding this very important subject.
Haemodialysis in Poisoning by Sea-snake Venom
Authors: V. Sitprija, R. Sribhibhadh, C. Benyajati
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Myoglobinuria, renal failure, and muscular weakness or paralysis were noted in two patients following sea-snake bite. A pathological study by biopsy showed renal tubular necrosis and myonecrosis. Both patients were treated by haemodialysis, and there was a remarkable improvement in the muscular symptoms. Recovery was complete in both cases. It is believed that muscular paralysis was the effect of hyperkalaemia and uraemia on the muscles sensitized by the toxic effect of the sea-snake venom. Removal of potassium and uraemic factors by dialysis thus led to the rapid improvement of the muscular activity. Haemodialysis seems to be a useful alternative method to sea-snake antivenom in the treatment of sea-snake bite poisoning.
Real-time cross-sectional echocardiographic diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta: a prospective study of echocardiographic-angiographic correlations.
Authors: D J Sahn, H D Allen, G McDonald, S J Goldberg
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Real-time cross-sectional echocardiographic sector scan examinations were performed from a suprasternal notch location to image aortic anatomy in 15 children (ages 1 day to 21 years) who were subsequently shown at cardiac catheterization to have coarctation of the descending thoracic aorta. The resulting echocardiographic images of the ascending, transverse and descending aorta imaged juxtaductal coarctation in all 15 patients. Echocardiography predicted discrete coarctation of the aorta in eight, isthmic hypoplasia in two, hourglass type coarctation deformities in three and longer segment coarctation in four patients. Catheterization and angiography confirmed all of these anatomic observations. The control group, 100 patients with congenital heart disease but without angiographic coarctations, included four patients with right-sided aortic arch and six patients with dextrocardia. The ascending, transverse and descending aorta were adequately imaged in 94 of these and no descending aortic abnormalities were noted. This study shows the potential utility of cross-sectional echocardiography for the noninvasive precatheterization or preoperative assessment of coarctation of the aorta in children and critically ill newborns.
Teaching Value in Academic Environments
Authors: Deborah Korenstein, Minal Kale, Wendy Levinson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Economic Analysis of NCIC CTG JBR.10: A Randomized Trial of Adjuvant Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin Compared With Observation in Early Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer—A Report of the Working Group on Economic Analysis, and the Lung Disease Site Group, National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group
Authors: Raymond Ng, Baktiar Hasan, Nicole Mittmann, Marie Florescu, Frances A. Shepherd, Keyue Ding, Charles Andrew Butts, Yvon Cormier, Gail Darling, Glenwood D. Goss, Richard Inculet, Lesley Seymour, Timothy L. Winton, William K. Evans, Natasha B. Leighl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group JBR.10 study is among the landmark trials that have established third generation platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy as the standard of care after resection of stages IB-II NSCLC, improving absolute 5-year survival by 15% and median survival by 21 months. This cost-effectiveness analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy from the perspective of Canada's public health care system was undertaken based on the JBR.10 study population.The primary outcome of the study was the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) expressed in dollars per life-year gained (LYG). Direct medical resource utilization data were collected retrospectively from trial data and medical records of patients enrolled in the JBR.10 study at the five largest accruing Canadian centers, from the time of random assignment until death or study closure (April 2004). Survival and available costs (2005 Canadian dollars [$CAD]) are presented both with and without discounting at 5% per year.Utilization data were collected from 172 Canadian patients (36% of the trial population), 85 randomly assigned to observation and 87 randomly assigned to chemotherapy. The mean costs of treatment per patient in the observation and adjuvant chemotherapy arms were $23,878 and $31,319, respectively, with an ICER of CAD$7,175/LYG discounted (95% CI, -$3,463 to $41,565), and $10,096/LYG undiscounted (95% CI, -$819 to $55,651).Adjuvant vinorelbine plus cisplatin is a highly cost effective treatment that compares very favorably with other standard health care interventions.
Knee Injuries in Sports
Authors: Bertram Zarins, Mark Adams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

THE knee (Fig. 1) is the most frequently injured joint in many sports, and knee injuries are the leading cause of long-term disability from athletics. The absolute number of knee injuries in many sports has increased because of the increased number of participants. The relative number of knee injuries appears to be increasing in at least one major sport (skiing). Fortunately, advances have been made in understanding the mechanisms of injury and biomechanics, and in the diagnosis and treatment (including bracing and rehabilitation) of the knee. However, little progress has been made in the prevention of knee injuries in most . . .
Anti-angiogenic inhibition of tumor growth by systemic delivery of PEI-g-PEG-RGD/pCMV-sFlt-1 complexes in tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Won Jong Kim, James W. Yockman, Ji Hoon Jeong, Lane V. Christensen, Minhyung Lee, Yong-Hee Kim, Sung Wan Kim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
Evolving Approaches to Patients with Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Bryan R. Haugen, Steven I. Sherman
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2013)

Advanced differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), defined by clinical characteristics including gross extrathyroidal invasion, distant metastases, radioiodine (RAI) resistance, and avidity for 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (positron emission tomography-positive), is found in approximately 10–20% of patients with DTC. Standard therapy (surgery, RAI, TSH suppression with levothyroxine) is ineffective for many of these patients, as is standard chemotherapy. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to DTC and the transformation to advanced DTC has rapidly evolved over the past 15–20 years. Newer targeted therapy, specifically inhibitors of intracellular kinase signaling pathways, and cooperative multicenter clinical trials have dramatically changed the therapeutic landscape for patients with advanced DTC. In this review focusing on morbidities, molecules, and medicinals, we present a patient with advanced DTC, explore the genetics and molecular biology of advanced DTC, and review evolving therapies for these patients including multikinase inhibitors, selective kinase inhibitors, and combination therapies.
Hepatitis B virus infection in dental surgical practice.
Authors: G F Goubran, H Cullens, A J Zuckerman, A L Feddleston, R Williams
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Sixty-one dental surgeons at King's College Hospital were interviewed to establish the incidence of attacks of viral hepatitis and to relate this to environmental risk factors. Six (10%) had a history of hepatitis, in one case due to infection with the hepatitis B virus. Screening blood for HBsAg by radioimmunoassay showed no carriers of the antigen, but transient antigenaemia was observed in one dentist. Antibody to HBsAg, tested by radioimmunoassay, was detected in four dentists (7%), only one of whom had had clinical hepatitis. Dental surgeons may be more at risk from infection with the hepatitis B virus than the general population, although this should be minimised in hospital practice, where the most infected patients will already have been identified and appropriate precautions can be taken. The risk of transmission from an antigen-positive dentist to his patients is probably much smaller, and there is no evidence to restrict his clinical activities.
THE EYE DROPPER
Authors: T. J. Dimitry
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The construction of the eye dropper is such that the contained fluid comes in contact with its rubber bulb or cap, and this not alone at a time following a change in its position from the vertical to the horizontal but also when the rubber bulb has a greater pull than is necessary to fill merely a part of the glass tubing, and, as a result of this, the contents act on the rubber bulb and produce a change that becomes a source of danger when dropped onto or into sensitive parts of the body. An applicable example is the danger at the time of a cataract extraction when an open wound is exposed to these products of rubber dissolution. This danger is so obviously true concerning the harm that can come from the disintegrated rubber in an open wound that it was thought proper to devise an eye dropper
Experimental Obesity in Man: Hyperaminoacidemia and Diminished Effectiveness of Insulin in Regulating Peripheral Amino Acid Release.
Authors: Philip Felig
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Experimental Obesity in Man: Hyperaminoacidemia and Diminished Effectiveness of Insulin in Regulating Peripheral Amino Acid Release.Philip Felig, M.D., F.A.C.P., Edward S. Horton, M.D., Carl F. Runge, M.D., Ethan A. H. Sims, M.D., F.A.C.P.Philip Felig, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Edward S. Horton, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Carl F. Runge, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Ethan A. H. Sims, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-857_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptInsulin modulates plasma levels of specific amino acids by regulating their outflow from peripheral protein reservoirs, particularly muscle. In spontaneous, severe obesity, hyperaminoacidemia has been demonstrated and may be a manifestation of insulin resistance. To evaluate further the interaction of insulin and amino acid metabolism in obesity, the effect of insulin on amino acid exchange across the forearm was studied in five subjects at ideal weight and after a 17 to 25% (16 kg) weight gain induced by over-eating and limited physical activity. Sixteen individual plasma amino acid levels were measured in simultaneous forearm arterial and deep venous (draining primarily... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New Haven, Conn., and Burlington, Vt. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 857-857KeywordsAmino acidsBlood plasmaExerciseInsulinInsulin resistanceMorbid obesityMuscle proteinsObesityPlasma proteinsWeight gain Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cardiac Pacemaker Function
Authors: Ronald S. Pennock
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A transtelephonic system for evaluation of implanted cardiac pacemakers has been developed. Over a 12-month period, 134 units were tested. Of the 28 pacemaker replacements, 26 were due to battery failure and were predicted. All 26 patients were electively admitted for pacemaker replacement. Catheter electrode failure occurred in two patients and was diagnosed via the transtelephonic system. This system provides a method for prolonging life expectancy of permanent cardiac pacemakers as well as drastically reducing emergency admissions for unpredicted failure.
Gel filtration studies on immunoreactive gastrin in serum from Zollinger-Ellison patients
Authors: J. F. Rehfeld, F. Stadil
Journal: Gut (1973)

Sera from 15 patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome were subjected to gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 superfine columns (10 × 2000 mm). The concentration of gastrin in the effluent was determined by a sensitive radioimmunoassay. Immunoreactive gastrin was eluted in four components in 14 sera. (1) Component I, eluted in the same position as proinsulin, constituted 9·7 ± 1·2 (mean ± SEM)% of the total immunoreactivity. (2) Component II (`big gastrin9) eluted between proinsulin and insulin constituted 57·8 ± 4·1% (mean ± SEM) of immunoreactive gastrin. In three sera with the highest concentration of gastrin, component II appeared biphasic. (3) Component III (`little gastrin9) was distributed in two peaks; the first one eluted in the same position as the heptadecapeptide gastrin II made up 17·4 ± 2·7 (mean ± SEM)% of the total immunoreactivity; the second one eluted in the same position as gastrin I constituted 9·5 ± 1·3 (mean ± SEM)%. (4) Component IV (`minigastrin9) was eluted immediately before the salt peak and constituted 5·6 ± 1·4 (mean ± SEM)%. In one serum only components I and II were present. After incubation with trypsin all immunoreactivity in components I and II was converted to heptadecapeptide-like gastrins. The findings suggest that immunoreactive gastrin in serum from Zollinger-Ellison patients is circulating in at least four components of different molecular size.