tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spinal-Fluid Gamma Globulin in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Neurologic Diseases
Authors: Robert R. Ivers
Journal: JAMA (1961)

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS is a disease of unknown cause with protean manifestations of involvement of multiple portions of the central nervous system. Because of the diversity of the lesions in the central nervous system, there are few, if any, pathognomonic symptoms and signs. In well-advanced disease, with a history of remissions and exacerbations, the diagnosis may not be difficult. During the early stages, however, many difficulties may be encountered in diagnosis. In an illness such as this, a laboratory test conceivably could be of great diagnostic aid. It is the purpose of this presentation to report on the value of paper electrophoresis of cerebrospinal-fluid proteins, particularly the gamma-globulin fraction, in multiple sclerosis. An increased gamma-globulin fraction in the cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis was recognized by Kabat and associates,<sup>1</sup>in 1942, using the free electrophoretic technique of Tiselius. Since that time, numerous investigators using paper electrophoretic,<sup>2-7</sup>immunochemical,<sup>8,9</sup>
Evaluation of three-dimensional biofilms on antibacterial bonding agents containing novel quaternary ammonium methacrylates
Authors: Han Zhou, Michael D Weir, Joseph M Antonucci, Gary E Schumacher, Xue-Dong Zhou, Hockin HK Xu
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2014)

Antibacterial adhesives are promising to inhibit biofilms and secondary caries. The objectives of this study were to synthesize and incorporate quaternary ammonium methacrylates into adhesives, and investigate the alkyl chain length effects on three-dimensional biofilms adherent on adhesives for the first time. Six quaternary ammonium methacrylates with chain lengths of 3, 6, 9, 12, 16 and 18 were synthesized and incorporated into Scotchbond Multi-Purpose. Streptococcus mutans bacteria were cultured on resin to form biofilms. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to measure biofilm thickness, live/dead volumes and live-bacteria percentage vs. distance from resin surface. Biofilm thickness was the greatest for Scotchbond control; it decreased with increasing chain length, reaching a minimum at chain length 16. Live-biofilm volume had a similar trend. Dead-biofilm volume increased with increasing chain length. The adhesive with chain length 9 had 37% live bacteria near resin surface, but close to 100% live bacteria in the biofilm top section. For chain length 16, there were nearly 0% live bacteria throughout the three-dimensional biofilm. In conclusion, strong antibacterial activity was achieved by adding quaternary ammonium into adhesive, with biofilm thickness and live-biofilm volume decreasing as chain length was increased from 3 to 16. Antibacterial adhesives typically only inhibited bacteria close to its surface; however, adhesive with chain length 16 had mostly dead bacteria in the entire three-dimensional biofilm. Antibacterial adhesive with chain length 16 is promising to inhibit biofilms at the margins and combat secondary caries. Dental resins incorporating antibacterial agents could help to destroy the bacterial biofilm responsible for tooth decay, new research shows. By forming a biofilm on surfaces such as teeth, bacterial cells strengthen their chances of survival. To avoid secondary tooth decay following tooth restoration, it is important to minimize the biofilm growth of Streptococcus mutans, bacteria commonly associated with tooth decay. Hockin Xu at the University of Maryland and co-workers across USA and China investigated the effects of new antibacterial dental resins containing various ammonium salts. Their work focused on bacterial survival in different areas of the biofilm. The team found that the most effective resin was that incorporating an ammonium salt with a carbon backbone chain length of 16. This resin killed bacteria throughout the whole thickness of the biofilm.
Bohr's Principle of Complementarity
Authors: Stephen J. Clark
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 December 1988Bohr's Principle of ComplementarityStephen J. Clark, MDStephen J. Clark, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-12-994_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: In their editorial, Bloom and Kissick (1) invoke Bohr's principle of complementarity in dealing with the socioeconomics of health care. As is often the case with the social sciences, a concept from the physical sciences is exploited for its metaphorical content, while its actual meaning is trivialized, ignored, or even worse, misunderstood. The authors maintain that Bohr posited this principle as a "theory" to explain the behavior of "light as a wave or a pulse." This description is incomplete and incorrect.Complementarity is not so much a theory as it is a principle or dogma posited by...Reference1. BloomKissick BW. Marxism, the theory of complementarity, and medical care [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:446-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Birmingham, AL 35294 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1988Volume 109, Issue 12Page: 994-995KeywordsBehaviorHealth careHeart rate Issue Published: 15 December 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Glucose and ketone body turnover in carnitine-palmitoyl-transferase deficiency
Authors: R. Nosadini, C. Angelini, C. Trevisan, S. Vigili de Kreutzenberg, P. Fioretto, R. Trevisan, A. Avogaro, C. De Dona, A. Doria, C. Cobelli, G. Toffolo
Journal: Metabolism (1987)
Schering uses German medical association to promote HRT
Authors: K. Koch
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Several thousand German gynaecologists have been the target of a campaign promoting postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) which claimed that the negative findings of a major US study were of “highly limited relevance” to the German population. The message was, in part, disguised as the official statements of a large professional organisation for gynaecologists, the Berufsverband der Frauenarzte.

The campaign came after the sudden ending of part of the Women's Health Initiative's study into HRT in the …
Hormone Status From Cytological Smears
Authors: G. C. Nabors
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This communication is meant to clarify the misconception that a routine vaginal smear can be used to determine estrogen status. The typical smear for cancer detection is taken from the posterior fornix and endocervix rather than from the proximal lateral wall of the vagina, as recommended for determination of estrogen status. Since the cytologist estimating estrogen status must count the relative numbers of superficial, intermediate, and parabasal squamous epithelial cells, which vary with the menstrual phase, it would be necessary to have either one smear from the day before ovulation, or 2 cycles worth of daily smears, unless the woman is amennorrheic, in which case 3 smears would suffice. This effort would be much more expensive and less informative than simply determining blood estrogen level.
Case 5-1962
Authors: Leo B. Burgin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Presentation of CaseA twenty-seven-month-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of an enlarging abdomen.The child was asymptomatic until fourteen months of age, when her parents noticed that she was unusually plump. Because of gradually increasing abdominal girth she was admitted to another hospital at the age of twenty months. Physical examination was negative except for distention of the abdomen, which contained fluid. She weighed 27 pounds, 12 ounces. The urinalysis, hemogram, serum bilirubin, transaminase, cephalin flocculation, total protein, thymol turbidity, alkaline phosphatase and prothrombin content and an electrocardiogram were normal; a tuberculin skin test (intermediate-strength PPD) was . . .
Avian Flu Spread
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Approach to Psoriasis
Authors: J. T. Ingram
Journal: BMJ (1953)

of Leeds tone, whether it arise from infection, from the ordinary physiological changes of puberty, pregnancy, and meno- pause, or from metabolic, psychological, or physical trauma, for instance, may evoke the pattern of reaction natural to the patient.Thus in psoriasis we find that endocrine influences, especially those of puberty, pregnancy, and the menopause, and perhaps senility, are very potent provocations.In children acute infections, and particularly upper respiratory tract infections and fevers, almost invariably account for the acute generalized guttate attacks of psoriasis.It is relevant that upon occasion chronic infective foci are responsible for chronic psoriasis.Other most powerful influences, for both good and ill in psoriasis, are the emotional and nervous, and SEPT.
OSTEOPROTOGERIN AND OSTEOPONTIN SERUM LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Konstantinos Maniatis, Gerasimos Siasos, Dimitris Tousoulis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Marina Zaromitidou, Stamatios Kioufis, Theodore Paraskevopoulos, Konstantinos Zisimos, Christina Kollia, Antigoni Miliou, Eleni Kokkou, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Quality of Life and Treatment Decisions: The Canadian Law Reform Report
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

THE recent "Baby Doe" decision in New York, concerning clinical choices regarding treatment for a child with severe birth defects, and the murder indictment and trial in California of a group of physicians who discontinued treatment and feeding of a brain-damaged patient have provoked reexamination all across the country of the legal and ethical rules concerning the medical obligation to continue vigorous treatment in terminally ill patients or patients whose "quality of life" has deteriorated to unacceptable levels, as in patients in constant, intractable pain or irreversible coma.These issues have received attention in other parts of the world as . . .
Total thyroidectomy with harmonic scalpel combined to gelatin-thrombin matrix hemostatic agent: Is it safe and effective? A single-center prospective study
Authors: Giovanni Docimo, Salvatore Tolone, Roberto Ruggiero, Gianmattia del Genio, Luigi Brusciano, Angela Pezzolla, Gianpaolo Jannelli, Alfonso Bosco, Domenico Parmeggiani, Cosmo Cosenza, Paolo Limongelli, Ludovico Docimo
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
JAK inhibitors for myeloproliferative neoplasms: clarifying facts from myths
Authors: Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: Blood (2012)

On November 16, 2011, the Food and Drug Administration approved ruxolitinib (a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor) for use in the treatment of high and intermediate risk myelofibrosis. This is welcome news for those patients in whom such therapy is indicated and treatment benefit outweighs attendant risk. The question is who are these patients, what should they expect in terms of both short-term effects and long-term impact, and why would they choose ruxolitinib over other JAK inhibitors that are freely available for use in a research setting. Ruxolitinib and most other JAK inhibitors exert a salutary effect on constitutional symptoms and splenomegaly but have yet to produce histopathologic or cytogenetic remissions, reverse bone marrow fibrosis, or improve survival over best supportive care. Furthermore, the palliative value of JAK inhibitors is diminished by notable side effects, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal disturbances, metabolic abnormalities, peripheral neuropathy, and hyperacute relapse of symptoms during treatment discontinuation. Therefore, risk-benefit balance favors use of currently available JAK inhibitors in only a select group of patients with myelofibrosis, and their potential value in polycythemia vera, outside of special circumstances (eg, intractable pruritus), is undermined by the absence of evidence for a disease-modifying effect and presence of arguably superior alternatives.
Comprehensive Assessment of Change in Patients Treated with Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy: An Overview
Authors: Karin Barth, Geir Nielsen, Brit Haver, Odd E. Havik, Ester Mølstad, Henrik Rogge, Marit Skåtun
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)

Change was assessed in 34 patients at the end of short-term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP), and at 2 follow-ups (1 year and 2 years subsequent to treatment). The assessment was made from different perspectives and according to multiple criteria and methods of measurement. The results indicate that, when a particular form of STDP is selected according to each patient's ego resources, motivation for therapy, and motivation for change, approximately 90% of the patients will attain substantial symptom relief. The majority of the patients in this study also gave evidence of positive change in adaptive functioning, while one-third attained some dynamic/structural change as well. Clinically rated improvement was confirmed by changes in the patients' self-reported distress level (SCL-90), and from psychological test findings (MMPI). Improvement observed at the end of therapy was sustained throughout the 2-year follow-up period.
Diagnostic Value of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in the Jaundiced Patient.
Authors: Paul B. Dickinson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Diagnostic Value of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in the Jaundiced Patient.Paul B. Dickinson, M.D., Alphonso A. Belsito, M.D.Paul B. Dickinson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Alphonso A. Belsito, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-817_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPeroral retrograde cholangiopancreatography was attempted in 37 jaundiced patients to find the cause of their jaundice.The duodenal papilla was located with a side-viewing 120cm fiberoptic duodenoscope. A catheter was placed in the papilla under direct vision, and meglumine diatrizoate, 60%, injected with hand-pressure to opacify the biliary or pancreatic ductal system, or both. The injection was monitored by fluoroscopy with videotape synchronization, and appropriate roentgenograms were taken to document the appearance of the ducts.Retrograde cholangiopancreatography was attempted in 170 patients. In 37 patients the primary indication for the procedure was jaundice. The clinical course and liver function tests... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Paul, Minnesota PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 817-817KeywordsCathetersEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographyLiver function testsVision Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
MicroRNA-150 protects the mouse heart from ischaemic injury by regulating cell death
Authors: Yaoping Tang, Yongchao Wang, Kyoung-mi Park, Qiuping Hu, Jian-peng Teoh, Zuzana Broskova, Punithavathi Ranganathan, Calpurnia Jayakumar, Jie Li, Huabo Su, Yaoliang Tang, Ganesan Ramesh, Il-man Kim
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

Cardiac injury is accompanied by dynamic changes in the expression of microRNAs (miRs). For example, miR-150 is down-regulated in patients with acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, dilated and ischaemic cardiomyopathy as well as in various mouse heart failure (HF) models. Circulating miR-150 has been recently proposed as a better biomarker of HF than traditional clinical markers such as brain natriuretic peptide. We recently showed using the β-arrestin-biased β-blocker, carvedilol that β-arrestin1-biased β1-adrenergic receptor cardioprotective signalling stimulates the processing of miR-150 in the heart. However, the potential role of miR-150 in ischaemic injury and HF is unknown. Here, we show that genetic deletion of miR-150 in mice causes abnormalities in cardiac structural and functional remodelling after MI. The cardioprotective roles of miR-150 during ischaemic injury were in part attributed to direct repression of the pro-apoptotic genes egr2 (zinc-binding transcription factor induced by ischaemia) and p2x7r (pro-inflammatory ATP receptor) in cardiomyocytes. These findings reveal a pivotal role for miR-150 as a regulator of cardiomyocyte survival during cardiac injury.
Brain SPECT in Wilson??s Disease
Authors: NAOTO WATANABE, HIKARU SETO, MASASHI SHIMIZU, MASANARI KAGEYAMA, MAKOTO MORIJIRI, KUNINORI NOMURA, YI-WEI WU, MASAO KAKISHITA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Brain SPECT in a patient with Wilson's disease revealed deceased pertusion in the areas of the basal ganglia and cerebellum. CT showed no abnormalities. Brain SPECT with Tc-99m HMPAO showed perfusion abnormalities.
Atlas of Testicular Pathology 1.0
Authors: F. K. Mostofi
Journal: JAMA (1997)

This CD-ROM offers a well-organized atlas of testicular pathology with detailed yet concise clinical and pathologic information, enhanced by numerous gross and microscopic images. The program is easy to install and navigate. It is simple to move from one area to another. The opening graphics take you directly to the main menu, which offers six general topics. Selecting any of these topics takes you through a series of submenus to the specific item of interest. The "Disease Atlas" is comprehensive, including neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases. This section, as well as the others, is well supported by gross and microscopic images. The "Reference" section provides a quick listing of relevant articles for each topic. The "Lectures" area offers a concise outline format covering clinical aspects and gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical features of each disease. The lectures are supported by the appropriate image. All the images have clearly written, detailed captions. The
The Continuity Imperative
Authors: William Reichel
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In this issue, Campion and associates (p 2052) present interesting and important data in regard to medical intensive care for the elderly. Results in several instances are the opposite of what one might expect, for example, that elderly patients had no longer mean length of stay and no greater mean hospital charges than younger patients, and that despite the high mortality for this group, most elderly hospital survivors returned home. The authors are astute in considering selective factors that might explain the various results of this communication. For example, they suggest that more resources might be expended in the effort to prevent inexorable decline to death in the middle-aged patient than in the older patient.  There are gatekeeper-type decisions and decisions to treat or not to treat that may explain the results of this study. These forces are at play not only in critical care units, but also in general
Acrolein-Exposed Normal Human Lung Fibroblasts <i>in Vitro</i> : Cellular Senescence, Enhanced Telomere Erosion, and Degradation of Werner’s Syndrome Protein
Authors: Jun-Ho Jang, Shannon Bruse, Salam Huneidi, Ronald M. Schrader, Martha M. Monick, Yong Lin, A. Brent Carter, Aloysius J. Klingelhutz, Toru Nyunoya
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Acrolein is a ubiquitous environmental hazard to human health. Acrolein has been reported to activate the DNA damage response and induce apoptosis. However, little is known about the effects of acrolein on cellular senescence.We examined whether acrolein induces cellular senescence in cultured normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF).We cultured NHLF in the presence or absence of acrolein and determined the effects of acrolein on cell proliferative capacity, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, the known senescence-inducing pathways (e.g., p53, p21), and telomere length.We found that acrolein induced cellular senescence by increasing both p53 and p21. The knockdown of p53 mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) attenuated acrolein-induced cellular senescence. Acrolein decreased Werner's syndrome protein (WRN), a member of the RecQ helicase family involved in DNA repair and telomere maintenance. Acrolein-induced down-regulation of WRN protein was rescued by p53 knockdown or proteasome inhibition. Finally, we found that acrolein accelerated p53-mediated telomere shortening.These results suggest that acrolein induces p53-mediated cellular senescence accompanied by enhanced telomere attrition and WRN protein down-regulation.
779 PRECLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NOVEL HCV NS3 PROTEASE INHIBITOR GS-9256
Authors: H. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Wang, G. Rhodes, M. Robinson, B. Schultz, O. Barauskas, B. Peng, G. Cheng, R. Wang, X. Liu, R. Pakdaman, C. Sheng, C. Kim, W. Delaney
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
The gut flora is required for the control of intestinal infection by poly(I:C) administration in neonates
Authors: Sonia Lacroix-Lamandé, William Guesdon, Françoise Drouet, Laurent Potiron, Louis Lantier, Fabrice Laurent
Journal: Gut Microbes (2014)

We found that immunostimulation of the intestinal immune system of neonatal mice by poly(I:C) injection decreased intestinal infection by the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum. We showed that the presence of dendritic cells and the cooperation of mutually dependent cytokines, such as IL-12p40, and type I and type II IFNs, were involved in the mechanism of protection induced by poly(I:C). This protection is dependent not only on TLR3-TRIF signaling, but also on the activation of the TLR5-MyD88 pathway by gut microbiota. These results raise the possibility that flagellated intestinal commensal bacteria may, in the presence of natural or synthetic agonists of TLR3, provide synergy between the TRIF and MyD88 signaling pathways, thereby favoring the development of mucosal defenses. In this addendum, we summarize these recent findings and discuss their implications for neonatal infections and immunomodulatory strategies.