tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enalapril in Pheochromocytoma
Authors: RAYMOND BLUM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1987Enalapril in PheochromocytomaRAYMOND BLUM, M.D.RAYMOND BLUM, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-326_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A relation between pheochromocytoma and the renin-angiotensin system has been recognized for some time (1), but its clinical relevance has remained uncertain. Recent reports on the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Captopril in patients with pheochromocytoma (2, 3) have raised questions concerning the cause of hypertension in these patients. I write to report the effects of another angiotensin-converting ezyme inhibitor, enalapril, in a patient with a pheochromocytoma.A 38-year-old woman was referred for treatment of hypertension noted in the emergency room. On initial evaluation her blood pressure was 170/130 mm Hg. Laboratory tests revealed serum concentrations...References1. VETTERVETTERWARNHALZ HWC. Renin and aldosterone secretion in pheochromocytoma: effect of chronic alpha-adrenergic receptor blockage. Am J Med. 1976;60:866-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. LOUTEGUFFENSWAUCQUEZ GPJ. Effect of captopril on hypertension due to pheochromocytoma [Letter]. Lancet. 1984;2:175. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ISRAELIGOTTEHRERGAVISHMELMED ANDR. Captopril and phaeochromocytoma [Letter]. Lancet. 1985;2:278-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. HUNGAUGUST WG. Hyperreninema and secondary hyperaldosteronism in pheochromocytoma. J Pediatr. 1979;94:215-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MIZUNOOJIMAHASHIMOTO KMS. Biochemical identification of renin in human pheochromocytoma. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1985;50:419-33. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RAYMOND BLUM, M.D.Affiliations: Denver General Hospital Denver, CO 80204 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySevere hypokalaemia due to hyperreninaemia and secondary hyperaldosteronism in a boy with pheochromocytomaVariables affecting cardiac output in endocrine disordersCaptopril improves hypertension and cardiomyopathy in rats with pheochromocytoma.New Perspectives in PheochromocytomaDiagnostic Evaluation of Pheochromocytoma 1 February 1987Volume 106, Issue 2Page: 326-327KeywordsAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitorAttentionBlood pressureEmergency departmentHypertensionLaboratory testsPheochromocytoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hydrotherapeutics: The Resources of Harrogate Specially Considered
Authors: A. S. Myrtle
Journal: BMJ (1870)

April 30, I870, are based upon the statements of natives), we feel compelled to allow a considerable margin for errors in diagnosis.My impression is, that in India this source of fallacy has attained very large dimensions, and that many of the statistical statements on record are wholly devoid of value.In Norway, and in colder countries, leucoderma is an inconspicuous malady, and never attracts popular attention, hence it is never, even by the untrained, confused with leprosy.In hot climates, as we have seen, it not only becomes very conspicuous, but the blanched portions of in- tegument, being less able to resist the influence of the sun, are liable to vesicate and to show conditions which further favour error in diagnosis.Although the confusion of leucoderma with leprosy is, I believe, one of the errors which had led to the statements by writers that the latter disease prevails amongst people who are not fish-eaters, yet I suspect that it is only one of several sources of fallacy.Probably other diseases besides leucoderma are still counted with leprosy by untrained ob- servers; probably, also, the statement as to the absence of fish as an article of diet has been made in many instances on vague and insufficient evidence.My suspicion is that different fish vary much in their poison- ous qualities, and it is well known in hot climates that some fish are poisonous at one season of the year and wholesome at another.We may then, I think, without any violence to probability, believe that under some conditions small quantities of special kinds of fish may be able to produce effects for which, under other circumstances, a long continued and almost exclusively fish-diet may be requisite.Very probably also some of the forms of salted fish in common use in India and elsewhere may be much more poisonous than the fresh article, and thus it may come to pass that leprosy may in exceptional cases be found in populations living at a distance from either rivers or sea.It is these apparent exceptions which now require careful investigation ; very possibly some of you may, in the future, have opportunities for throwing light upon them.I have endeavoured, in this lecture, to explain clearly one of the chief risks of error, and I hope that you will see in the im- portance and interest of the subject a sufficient excuse for my having brought it before you.
VERTIGO IN SUPPURATIVE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAR
Authors: F. W. Watkyn-Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1931)

MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECT alone,.return a verdict of felo-de-se.Both coroners and juries usually attribute suicide to insanity, and out of 4,846 inquests on suicides in the year 1928 the verdict of felo-de-se was only returined in 88.9But although the memory of the deceased may be so relieved from the stigman of a crime his relations may be burdened with an unnecessary dread, of insanity.If the alternative verdict to felo-de-se was "suicide the result of mental illness" the modernl outlook and phraseology of the Mental Treat- ment Act, 1930, would be represented.An analysis of i,ooo consecutive cases of attempted suicide examined by me some years ago showed that only about one-fifth were certifiable as insane, and the experience gainied by the examination of more than 2,000 addli- tional cases confirms this view.But many patients suffer from temporary mental disorder at the time of the attenmpt, andI nmere trivialities often cause determined attempts at suicide.An attempt to commit suicide by a person of sane mind, being an attempt to commit a felony, is in law an indictable misdemeanour, and the offender may be committed for trial at the Assizes or Quarter Sessions, and is punishable uinder the provisions of the Hard Labour Act, i882 by imprisonment with hard labour.The case can be dealt with also in a court of summary jurisdiction with the consent of the accused."The suiicide must be of sound mind and have attained the years of discretion (i Hale P. C. 4II; 3 Inst: 54), therefore, it is no crime for a person to take his life before reaching that age.The mere Aict of drunikenness is no excuse for the crime of attempted suicide, but it is a material fact for the jurv to consider b)efore coming to a conclusion whether the accused really intended to destroy his life (R v Doody).The number of cases of suicide and attempted suicide reported to the police are affected probably by many iactors.No doubt the increased sobriety of the com-,nunity during recent years, the receipt of unemployment benefit, trade depression, and the modern policy not to take proceedings in cases of attempted suicide unless (le- tention for a time is in the interest of the person, or for 4-her sufficient reason, operate in one or other direction.Atnd although the number of persons coming before the zourts on this charge in 1928 was considerably more than double the average number in the years immediately preceding the war, the number of persons now sent to urison for.this offence is about halved.Many of these recognize that they need care and supervision, but would 4Outlines of Crimninal Law.
Developmental Vulnerability and Resilience in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: Michael E. Msall
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparative biodistributions of pretargeted radioimmunoconjugates targeting CD20, CD22, and DR molecules on human B-cell lymphomas
Authors: Anastasia Pantelias, John M. Pagel, Nathan Hedin, Laura Saganic, Shani Wilbur, Donald K. Hamlin, D. Scott Wilbur, Yukang Lin, Diane Stone, Don Axworthy, Ajay K. Gopal, Oliver W. Press
Journal: Blood (2007)
Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Japanese elementary schoolchildren
Authors: H. Saeki, H. Iizuka, Y. Mori, T. Akasaka, H. Takagi, Y. Kitajima, T. Tezuka, T. Tanaka, M. Hide, S. Yamamoto, Y. Hirose, H. Kodama, K. Urabe, M. Furue, F. Kasagi, H. Torii, K. Nakamura, E. Morita, Y. Tsunemi, K. Tamaki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Although there have been several reports on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japanese schoolchildren based on questionnaires, there has been no nation-wide study of the frequency of this condition diagnosed by dermatologists in regular health check-ups of schoolchildren. Objectives The objective of this work was to evaluate precisely the prevalence of AD in elementary schoolchildren in Japan based on regular health check-ups by dermatologists. Methods In 2001/2, elementary schoolchildren: first graders (age 6–7 years) and sixth graders (age 11–12 years) were examined by dermatologists in eight prefectures of Japan (Hokkaido, Iwate, Tokyo, Gifu, Osaka, Hiroshima, Kochi and Fukuoka). In each prefecture, public elementary schools were randomly selected from urban and rural districts. We planned to examine about 700 schoolchildren in each of urban first, urban sixth, rural first and rural sixth grades from the eight areas, a total of 22 400 children (700 × 4 × 8). AD was diagnosed by the dermatologists based on the Japanese Dermatological Association criteria for the disease. Results The point prevalence of AD was 11·2% overall (2664 of 23 719) ranging from 7·4% (Iwate) to 15·0% (Fukuoka) in the eight areas. Seventy-four per cent, 24%, 1·6% and 0·3% of those afflicted were in the mild, moderate, severe and very severe groups, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of first graders was slightly higher than that of sixth graders (11·8% vs. 10·5%, P < 0·01). There was no apparent difference in prevalence between urban and rural districts, or between boys and girls. Conclusions The prevalence of AD in Japanese elementary schoolchildren was about 10%, three-quarters of those being mildly affected. This is the first nation-wide study made of Japanese elementary schoolchildren examined by dermatologists to evaluate the frequency of AD.
An overview of peroxisome proliferator-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.
Authors: M S Rao, J K Reddy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Peroxisome proliferators are hepatocarcinogens in rats and mice. Chronic administration of these compounds results in the development of altered areas and neoplastic nodules followed by hepatocellular carcinomas. All three types of hepatic lesions do not express gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, glutathione 8-transferase-P, and alpha-fetoprotein and are resistant to iron accumulation after overload. The mechanism by which nongenotoxic peroxisome proliferators induce hepatic tumors is not well understood. It has been proposed that with continuous administration of peroxisome proliferators, liver cells are subjected to persistent oxidative stress resulting from marked proliferation of peroxisomes and a differential increase in the levels of H2O2 producing (20- to 30-fold) and degrading (2-fold) enzymes. Free oxygen radicals lead to DNA damage (both directly and through lipid peroxidation) and thus may cause initiation and promotion of the carcinogenic process.
Relaxin is a renal vasodilator in experimental models of cirrhosis and a potential novel therapy for hepatorenal syndrome in man
Authors: Victoria K Snowdon, Antonella Pellicoro, Prakash Ramachandran, William Mungall, Maurits Jansen, Ross Lennen, Rebecca Aucott, Timothy Kendall, Jeremy Hughes, John Iredale, Jonathan Fallowfield
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Scanning of the Hepatic Blood Pool in the Differential Diagnosis of Space-Occupying Lesions of the Liver
Authors: FELIPE GORDON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

One hundred and sixty-two patients were studied with a combined scintigraphic method to improve the diagnostic accuracy of liver scanning. A liver scan with colloidal 113mIn was performed first, followed by a scan with ionic 113mIn to visualize the hepatic blood pool. In all cases the first scan showed one or more filling defects. The second scan showed an increase of radioactivity in the periphery of lesions in 96% of amebic abscesses and in all cases of cysts; radioactivity inside the lesion increased in 70% of primary and metastatic tumors. In a case of hemangioma, the increase of radioactivity inside the lession was greater than that peripherally. We concluded that liver scintigraphy with colloids can be considered a routine method for the localization of intrahepatic lesions, and ionic 113mIn may be used optionally to obtain more information on the degree of vascularity inside the lesion, thus improving the differential diagnosis between tumors, cysts, and abscesses.
Effectiveness of Computer-Generated Reminders for Increasing Discussions about Advance Directives and Completion of Advance Directive Forms
Authors: Paul R. Dexter, Fredric D. Wolinsky, Gregory P. Gramelspacher, Xiao Hua Zhou, George J. Eckert, Marina Waisburd, William M. Tierney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Physicians can increase the rate of completion of advance directive forms by discussing directives with their patients, but the means by which physicians can be induced to initiate these discussions are unclear. Computer-generated reminders have been shown to increase physician compliance with practice guidelines.To determine the effects of computer-generated reminders to physicians on the frequency of advance directive discussions between patients and their primary caregivers and the frequency of consequent establishment of advance directives.Randomized, controlled trial with a 2 x 2 factorial design.An outpatient general medicine practice associated with an urban public hospital.Participants were 1) 1009 patients who were at least 75 years of age or were at least 50 years of age with serious underlying disease and 2) 147 primary care physicians (108 housestaff and 39 faculty).Computer-generated reminders that recommended discussion of one or both of two types of advance directives compared with no reminders.Discussions about advance directives, determined by patient interviews after all scheduled patient-physician outpatient encounters, and completed advance directive forms. The study period was approximately 1 year.Physicians who did not receive reminders (controls) discussed advance directives with 4% of the study patients compared with 24% for physicians who received both types of reminders (adjusted odds ratio, 7.7 [95% CI, 3.4 to 18]; P < 0.001). Physicians who did not receive reminders completed advance directive forms with only 4% of their study patients compared with 15% for physicians who received both types of reminders (adjusted odds ratio, 7.0 [CI, 2.9 to 17]; P < 0.001). Overall, 45% of patients with whom advance directives were discussed completed at least one type of advance directive.Simple computer-generated reminders aimed at primary caregivers can increase the rates of discussion of advance directives and completion of advance directive forms among elderly outpatients with serious illnesses.
Addition of simvastatin to cold storage solution prevents endothelial dysfunction in explanted rat livers
Authors: Lucia Russo, Jorge Gracia-Sancho, Héctor García-Calderó, Giusi Marrone, Juan Carlos García-Pagán, Guillermo García-Cardeña, Jaime Bosch
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Pathophysiological alterations in the endothelial phenotype result in endothelial dysfunction. Flow cessation, occurring during organ procurement for transplantation, triggers the endothelial dysfunction characteristic of ischemia/reperfusion injury, partly due to a reduction in the expression of the vasoprotective transcription factor Kruppel-like Factor 2 (KLF2). We aimed at (1) characterizing the effects of flow cessation and cold storage on hepatic endothelial phenotype, and (2) ascertaining if the consequences of cold stasis on the hepatic endothelium can be pharmacologically modulated, improving liver graft function. Expression of KLF2 and its vasoprotective programs was determined in (i) hepatic endothelial cells (HEC) incubated under cold storage conditions with or without the KLF2-inducer simvastatin, and (ii) rat livers not cold stored or preserved in cold University of Wisconsin solution (UWS) supplemented with simvastatin or its vehicle. In addition, upon warm reperfusion hepatic vascular resistance, endothelial function, nitric oxide vasodilator pathway, apoptosis, inflammation, and liver injury were evaluated in not cold stored livers or livers preserved in cold UWS supplemented with simvastatin or vehicle. Expression of KLF2 and its vasoprotective programs decrease in HEC incubated under cold storage conditions. Cold-stored rat livers exhibit a time-dependent decrease in KLF2 and its target genes, liver injury, increased hepatic vascular resistance, and endothelial dysfunction. The addition of simvastatin to the storage solution, maintained KLF2-dependent vasoprotective programs, prevented liver damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress and improved endothelial dysfunction. Conclusion : Our results provide a rationale to evaluate the beneficial effects of a vasoprotective preservation solution on human liver procurement for transplantation.
Modified non‐overt DIC diagnostic criteria predict the early phase of overt‐DIC
Authors: Hideo Wada, Tsuyoshi Hatada, Kohji Okamoto, Toshimasa Uchiyama, Kazuo Kawasugi, Toshihiko Mayumi, Satoshi Gando, Shigeki Kushimoto, Yoshinobu Seki, Seiji Madoiwa, Takashi Okamura, Cheng Hock Toh
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Diagnostic criteria for non-overt disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) have been proposed by the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, but are not useful for the diagnosis of early phase of overt-DIC (pre-DIC). Therefore, in the current study the non-overt DIC diagnostic criteria were modified using the global coagulation tests, the change rate in the global coagulation tests and molecular hemostatic markers to detect the pre-DIC state and were prospectively evaluated in 613 patients with underlying DIC disease. The frequencies of patients with DIC (DIC positive), late onset DIC, and without DIC (DIC absent) were 29.5%, 7.2%, and 63.3%, respectively. The modified non-overt-DIC criteria can correctly predict 43/44 patients (97.7%) who were DIC absent at admission and became DIC positive, within a week (late onset DIC state). The mortality rate was higher in DIC positive compared with pre-DIC (37.6% vs. 22.7%, P < 0.05) or DIC negative (37.6 vs. 13.7%, P < 0.01). It was also significantly higher in pre-DIC compared with DIC negative (P < 0.05). Thus, these modified non-overt DIC diagnostic criteria might therefore be useful for the diagnosis of early-phase DIC.
S18 A comparison of prevalence and load of airway bacteria in COPD patients with paired stable and exacerbation state samples
Authors: D. S. Garcha, S. J. Thurston, A. R. C. Patel, A. J. Mackay, J. J. P. Goldring, T. D. McHugh, G. C. Donaldson, J. A. Wedzicha
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Airway bacterial infections are associated with COPD exacerbations. The most frequently identified bacteria in COPD are <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (HI), <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i> (MC) and <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (SP) (Wilkinson <i>et al</i>, 2006), though studies have used culture techniques, with little data available on PCR methodology in airway infection. Using the London COPD cohort, we aimed to assess and quantify bacterial prevalence and load via quantitative PCR, in paired baseline and exacerbation sputum samples. <h3>Methods</h3> Quantitative PCR was utilised, measuring prevalence and load on paired baseline and exacerbation samples, with baseline samples obtained within 1 year prior to its paired exacerbation. SP, HI and MC gene targets were Spn9082; <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> P4 lipoprotein gene; copB outer-membrane-protein gene, respectively. The baseline state was defined as being at least 6 weeks after, and 2 weeks before, an exacerbation. Exacerbation was defined as two consecutive days of at least two increased symptoms (Anthonisen criteria), at least one of which is a major symptom (dyspnoea; sputum purulence; sputum volume). <h3>Results</h3> Sixty-nine paired baseline and exacerbation sputum samples were obtained from 56 patients: mean (±SD) age 71.0 years (±8.4); predicted FEV<sub>1</sub> 46.4% (±17.0); male gender 60.4%; current smoker 30.2%. Bacteria were detected at significantly higher rate at exacerbation, being seen in 36/69 (52.2%) exacerbations, and 19/69 (27.5%) baseline samples (χ<sup>2</sup>-test; p=0.003). Mean bacterial load was significantly higher at exacerbation, with mean load of 8.3 (±1.1) log<sub>10</sub> cfu/ml, compared with mean of 7.3 (±1.8) log<sub>10</sub> cfu/ml at baseline (paired-samples t test; p&lt;0.001), indicating a 10-fold overall-load increase at exacerbation. MC frequency increased significantly from 4.3% (3/69) at baseline to 17.4% (12/69) at exacerbation (p=0.014). Prevalence of HI (17.4% vs 26.1%) and SP (8.7% vs 20.3%) showed non-significant increases. Mean loads of SP and MC increased significantly from baseline to exacerbation (p=0.048; p=0.008, respectively). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Prevalence and load of airway bacteria in COPD increases from baseline to exacerbation. This confirms that bacteria play an important role in exacerbation aetiology, implicating increasing bacterial load as a key underlying mechanism, and emphasises the importance of prompt antibiotic therapy at COPD exacerbation.