tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Trauma With Angiograph
Authors: Max R. Gaspar
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In two angiograms shown by Redman (237:2415-2418, 1977), spasm was diagnosed in a brachial artery (her Fig 1) and in an axillary artery (her Fig 2). The minimal narrowing in these two angiograms could have been due to hematoma or soft tissue swelling. It cannot be denied that large arteries may go into spasm because of their intrinsic musculature, but arterial spasm is a dangerous diagnosis to make when there is trauma. It is convenient but hazardous for the physician who does not feel pulses in an extremity distal to an injury or who notes pallor and coolness to conclude that these findings are due to arterial spasm. This is particularly true in blunt trauma. Spasm may also be diagnosed on an arteriogram, particularly in cases of blunt trauma, but in my experience there has been contusion or intimal disruption in all such cases rather than spasm.
Opiate Detoxification Under Anesthesia-Reply
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Concerns about opiate detoxification under anesthesia, raised by the unpublished February 1996 report prepared by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)<sup>1</sup>in consultation with a number of prominent addiction medicine experts, included possible cardiovascular complications of intravenous naloxone. (As noted in my Medical News &amp; Perspectives article, the report does not represent official NIDA policy, although the institute's position is that more research is needed to evaluate safety and efficacy of the technique.) Such complications have been documented in surgical patients and, in at least 1 report, in a patient undergoing opiate detoxification,<sup>2</sup>and citation of these reports in my article does not "misrepresent the facts." The Medical News &amp; Perspectives article also points out that both naloxone and naltrexone have been used to displace heroin or other narcotics from a patient's opiate receptors. A number of investigators have switched to naltrexone because they believe that it
Abstract 4916: <i>MAL</i>, a frequently methylated gene marker for early detection of breast cancer
Authors: Yolanda M.N. Hillocks, Pang-Kuo Lo, Wei Wen Teo, Mary Jo Fackler, Saraswati Sukumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region of tumor suppressor genes is a common event in cancer, and often results in transcriptional silencing. Computational searches of existing large databases for genes underexpressed in multiple cancers, combined with CpG island analysis of those genes, identified a novel methylation marker gene in breast cancer called MAL (Maturation-Associated protein for T-Lymphocyte). MAL encodes a 17kD lipid raft protein that is found in mature T-cells and participates in T-cell differentiation and T-cell receptor signaling. Two previous studies have reported gene promoter hypermethylation of MAL in primary breast tumors and breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, Horne et al found MAL inactivation is predictive of benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. We propose that alteration of MAL expression is functionally important in breast cancer. In addition, we propose that MAL has the potential to serve as a serum methylation marker for early detection of breast cancer. MAL gene methylation as assessed in breast cancer cell lines and primary tumors by quantitative multiplex methylation specific PCR (QM-MSP) showed that it is frequently methylated in cell lines (40/48; 83%), in primary tumors (11/20; 55%) and in distant metastasis (18/35; 51%), but not in normal breast tissues. Hypermethylation of MAL resulted in its decreased expression in the majority of the samples tested. Treatment of breast cancer cell lines with demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors restored MAL expression, thus establishing epigenetic alterations as the major mechanism of silencing. The function of MAL is being deciphered at both the biological and biochemical level by performing overexpression and knockdown studies in breast cells using already constructed expression vectors. The characterization and validation of MAL, a lipid raft protein, as a potential DNA methylation marker in breast cancer, particularly in serum, could provide a valuable early detection and prediction tool for breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4916.
SOME UNCOMMON FORMS OF MULTIPLE NEURITISINCLUDING FOUR CASES OF PUERPERAL ORIGIN.
Authors: WHARTON SINKLER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

It is only within a comparatively few years that multiple neuritis has been recognized as a disease. Twenty-five or thirty years ago it was an open question whether even diphtheria and lead palsy were due to a muscular affection or to disease of the nerves. As recently as 1879 Bristowe, in his Practice of Medicine, remarks, in connection with the pathology of lead poisoning: "But as regards the paralysis of the voluntary muscles, there is no doubt that Ducheane is right in regarding it as a consequence of nervous disorder. For if it were muscular not only should we find the muscular fibers degenerated in proportion to their loss of power, but we should find faradic contractility surviving as long as any healthy muscle was left. On the other hand, the rapid shrinking of the muscles, without degeneration, and their speedy loss of faradic contractility, obviously point
Vitamin D as Supplementary Treatment for Tuberculosis
Authors: Christian Wejse, Victor F. Gomes, Paulo Rabna, Per Gustafson, Peter Aaby, Ida M. Lisse, Paul L. Andersen, Henning Glerup, Morten Sodemann
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Vitamin D has been shown to be involved in the host immune response toward Mycobacterium tuberculosis.To test whether vitamin D supplementation of patients with tuberculosis (TB) improved clinical outcome and reduced mortality.We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in TB clinics at a demographic surveillance site in Guinea-Bissau. We included 365 adult patients with TB starting antituberculosis treatment; 281 completed the 12-month follow-up. The intervention was 100,000 IU of cholecalciferol or placebo at inclusion and again 5 and 8 months after the start of treatment.The primary outcome was reduction in a clinical severity score (TBscore) for all patients with pulmonary TB. The secondary outcome was 12-month mortality. No serious adverse effects were reported; mild hypercalcemia was rare and present in both arms. Reduction in TBscore and sputum smear conversion rates did not differ among patients treated with vitamin D or placebo. Overall mortality was 15% (54 of 365) at 1 year of follow-up and similar in both arms (30 of 187 for vitamin D treated and 24 of 178 for placebo; relative risk, 1.19 [0.58-1.95]). HIV infection was seen in 36% (131 of 359): 21% (76 of 359) HIV-1, 10% (36 of 359) HIV-2, and 5% (19 of 357) HIV-1+2.Vitamin D does not improve clinical outcome among patients with TB and the trial showed no overall effect on mortality in patients with TB; it is possible that the dose used was insufficient. Clinical trial registered with www.controlled-trials.com/isrctn (ISRCTN35212132).
Stable trichimerism after marrow grafting from 2 DLA-identical canine donors and nonmyeloablative conditioning
Authors: Scott S. Graves, William Hogan, Christian S. Kuhr, Razvan Diaconescu, Michael A. Harkey, George E. Georges, George E. Sale, Eustacia Zellmer, Szczepan W. Baran, Christoph Jochum, Brad Stone, Rainer Storb
Journal: Blood (2007)
Studies on the Spread of Excitation through the Ventricular Myocardium
Authors: HOWARD B. BURCHELL, HIRAM E. ESSEX, RAYMOND D. PRUITT
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The spread of the excitatory process in the ventricular septum of the dog's heart has been studied in the isolated organ perfused by the Langendorff technic. It has been possible to remove large portions of the free wall of the right and left ventricles and explore the septal surfaces under direct vision. The mean excitatory pathway in the muscular mass of the dog's ventricular septum has been demonstrated to be from apex to base. The left side of the septum is activated before the right side, and the apical part of the right side is activated before its base.
Lighter: fast and memory-efficient sequencing error correction without counting
Authors: Li Song, Liliana Florea, Ben Langmead
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Abstract Lighter is a fast, memory-efficient tool for correcting sequencing errors. Lighter avoids counting k -mers. Instead, it uses a pair of Bloom filters, one holding a sample of the input k -mers and the other holding k -mers likely to be correct. As long as the sampling fraction is adjusted in inverse proportion to the depth of sequencing, Bloom filter size can be held constant while maintaining near-constant accuracy. Lighter is parallelized, uses no secondary storage, and is both faster and more memory-efficient than competing approaches while achieving comparable accuracy.
Mutational analysis of IgE-binding epitopes of the major cow's milk allergen β-casein showed a heterogenous pattern of critical amino acids between individual patients and pooled sera
Authors: R.R. Cocco, K.M. Jarvinen, N. Han, P. Chatchatee, H.A. Sampson, K. Beyer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Cervical Cytology as a Practical Screening Procedure for Cancer
Authors: J. Ernest Ayre
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

AN EDITORIAL in the New England Journal of Medicine 1 calls attention anew to the possible role of the vaginal smear as a technic for population screening for uterine cancer. The editorial, which based its observations on a report emanating from the director of the Division of Cancer of the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, stated: "... because of both the expense involved and the relatively few cases discovered on screening ... it is not feasible for a State Health Department to offer this test on an extensive scale for women without gynecologic symptoms."The low incidence of positive unsuspected cases . . .
Late seroconversion in HIV-resistant Nairobi prostitutes despite pre-existing HIV-specific CD8+ responses
Authors: Rupert Kaul, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Joshua Kimani, Tao Dong, Hong-Bing Yang, Peter Kiama, Timothy Rostron, Ephantus Njagi, Job J. Bwayo, Kelly S. MacDonald, Andrew J. McMichael, Francis A. Plummer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Resistance to HIV infection in a small group of Kenyan sex workers is associated with CD8+-lymphocyte responses to HIV cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes. Eleven prostitutes meeting criteria for HIV resistance seroconverted between 1996 and 1999. The occurrence and specificity of preexisting HIV-1 epitope–specific responses were examined using the IFN-γ enzyme–linked immunospot assay, and any epitopes recognized were cloned and sequenced from the infecting viral isolate. Immunologic and behavioral variables were compared between late seroconverters and persistently uninfected sex worker controls. HIV-1 CTL epitope responses were present in four of six cases, 5–18 months before seroconversion, and their presence was confirmed by bulk CTL culture. A possible viral escape mutation was found in one of six epitopes. The key epidemiologic correlate of late seroconversion was a reduction in sex work over the preceding year. In persistently uninfected controls, a break from sex work was associated with a loss of HIV-specific CD8+ responses. Late seroconversion may occur in HIV-1–resistant sex workers despite preceding HIV-specific CD8+ responses. Seroconversion generally occurs in the absence of detectable CTL escape mutations and may relate to the waning of HIV-specific CD8+ responses due to reduced antigenic exposure.
Intestinal Specific LXR Activation Stimulates Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Protects from Atherosclerosis
Authors: Giuseppe Lo Sasso, Stefania Murzilli, Lorena Salvatore, Ilenia D'Errico, Michele Petruzzelli, Paola Conca, Zhao-Yan Jiang, Laura Calabresi, Paolo Parini, Antonio Moschetta
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
Long-term Outcomes of Lyme Disease
Authors: Sam T. Donta
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TRANSVAAL DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Authors: J. Cowley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1960)

Journal Article TRANSVAAL DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY Get access J. Cowley J. Cowley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 72, Issue 5, 1 May 1960, Pages 195–197, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1960.tb13875.x Published: 01 May 1960
Age-Race Subgroup Compared With Renin Profile as Predictors of Blood Pressure Response to Antihypertensive Therapy
Authors: Richard A. Preston
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.-Renin profiling and age-race subgroup may help select single-drug therapy for stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension.Objective.-Tocompare the plasma renin profiling and age-race subgroup methods as predictors of response to single-drug therapy in men with stage 1 and 2 hypertension as defined by the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure.Design.-The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Single-Drug Therapy of Hypertension, a randomized controlled trial.Setting.-Fifteen Veterans Affairs hypertension centers.Patients.-Atotal of 1105 ambulatory men with entry diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 95 to 109 mm Hg, of whom 1031 had valid plasma and urine samples for renin profiling.Interventions.-Randomization to 1 of 6 antihypertensive drugs: hydrochlorothiazide, atenolol, captopril, clonidine, diltiazem (sustained release), or prazosin.Main Outcome Measure.-Treatmentresponse as assessed by percentage achieving goal DBP (Ͻ90 mm Hg) in response to a single drug that corresponded to patients' renin profile vs a single drug that corresponded to patients' age-race subgroup.Results.-Clonidine and diltiazem had consistent response rates regardless of renin profile (76%, 67%, and 80% for low, medium, and high renin, respectively, for clonidine and 83%, 82%, and 83%, respectively, for diltiazem for patients with baseline DBP of 95-99 mm Hg).Hydrochlorothiazide and prazosin were best in lowand medium-renin profiles; captopril was best in medium-and high-renin profiles (low-, medium-, and high-renin response rates were 82%, 78%, and 14%, respectively, for hydrochlorothiazide; 88%, 67%, and 40%, respectively, for prazosin; and 51%, 83%, and 100%, respectively, for captopril for patients with baseline DBP of 95-99 mm Hg).Response rates for patients with baseline DBP of 95 to 99 mm Hg by age-race subgroup ranged from 70% for clonidine to 90% for prazosin for younger black men, from 50% for captopril to 97% for diltiazem for older black men, from 70% for hydrochlorothiazide to 92% for atenolol for younger white men, and from 84% for hydrochlorothiazide to 95% for diltiazem for older white men.Patients with a correct treatment for their renin profile but incorrect for age-race subgroup had a response rate of 58.7%; patients with an incorrect treatment for their renin profile but correct for age-race subgroup had a response rate of 63.1% (P = .30).After controlling for DBP and interactions with treatment group, age-race subgroup (PϽ.001) significantly predicted response to single-drug therapy, whereas renin profile was of borderline significance (P = .05).Conclusions.-Inthese men with stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension, therapeutic responses were consistent with baseline renin profile, but age-race subgroup was a better predictor of response.
The Foundations of Pharmacy In the United States
Authors: David L. Cowen
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The procurement, preservation, preparation, compounding, and dispensing of drugs and medicines— that is, the practice of pharmacy—was an integral part of the practice of medicine from the time the shaman first incorporated a manual rite into his therapy. Pharmacy, as an independent profession performing all of these tasks, originated in the Saracenic Empire in the ninth century, and its separation from medicine was generally recognized on the European continent after a series of imperial decrees of Frederick II from 1231 to 1240. In Great Britain, where the apothecary at first had been dubbed the physician's "cook," the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London came into existence in 1617. The London apothecary, however, was to turn into a secondary medical practitioner; the Scottish apothecary was to turn to surgery; in the provinces the "surgeon-apothecary" was the general medical practitioner of the countryside. That is to say, the British tradition, upon which
Treatment of Cyanide Poisoning
Authors: F. H. C. Beards, E. L. Knowles, J. T. B. Bain
Journal: BMJ (1964)

to relative hypoglycaemia (normal ratio) and one due to glycolysis (lowered ratio) as occurs in tuberculous meningitis.We have found here that exceptions do occasionally occur: we have seen a normal ratio in tuberculous meningitis with a normal C.S.F.sugar, and we have further seen cases of aseptic meningitis with lowered ratios, C.S.F.-sugar levels being either normal or reduced.We accept the view of Miller et al.2 that a normal C.S.F.sugar must never be used as a major argument against a diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, and consider that the im- portance of finding a low C.S.F.sugar in non-pyogenic meningitis is that it should prompt a thorough search of the C.S.F. for the tubercle bacillus, the identification of which is, after all, the only unequivocal evidence of tuberculous infection of the meninges.Failure to find the organism by direct examination should not delay the in- ception of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy (not intrathecally initially) in any case where the clinical suspicion of tuberculous meningitis is high.-Weare, etc.,
Retroviral Gene Therapy for X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Results From Phase I/II Trial
Authors: Hyoung Jin Kang, Cynthia C Bartholomae, Anna Paruzynski, Anne Arens, Sujeong Kim, Seung Shin Yu, Youngtae Hong, Chang-Wan Joo, Nam-Kyung Yoon, Jung-Woo Rhim, Joong Gon Kim, Christof Von Kalle, Manfred Schmidt, Sunyoung Kim, Hyo Seop Ahn
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited immunodeficiency caused by a defect in the gp91phox gene. In an effort to treat X-CGD, we investigated the safety and efficacy of gene therapy using a retroviral vector, MT-gp91. Two X-CGD patients received autologous CD34+ cells transduced with MT-gp91 after a conditioning regimen consisting of fludarabine and busulfan. The level of gene-marked cells was highest at day 21 (8.3 and 11.7% in peripheral blood cells) but decreased to 0.08 and 0.5%, respectively, 3 years after gene transfer. The level of functionally corrected cells, as determined by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase assay, reached a peak at day 17 (6.5% patient 1 (P1) and 14.3% patient 2 (P2) of total granulocytes) and declined to 0.05% (P1) and 0.21% (P2), 3 years later. Some retroviral vectors were found to have integrated within or close to the proto-oncogenes MDS1-EVI1, PRDM16, and CCND2; however, no abnormal cell expansion or related hematological malignancy was observed. Overall, the gene transfer procedure did not produce any serious adverse effects and was able to convert a significant fraction of blood cells to biologically functional cells, albeit for a short period of time. X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited immunodeficiency caused by a defect in the gp91phox gene. In an effort to treat X-CGD, we investigated the safety and efficacy of gene therapy using a retroviral vector, MT-gp91. Two X-CGD patients received autologous CD34+ cells transduced with MT-gp91 after a conditioning regimen consisting of fludarabine and busulfan. The level of gene-marked cells was highest at day 21 (8.3 and 11.7% in peripheral blood cells) but decreased to 0.08 and 0.5%, respectively, 3 years after gene transfer. The level of functionally corrected cells, as determined by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase assay, reached a peak at day 17 (6.5% patient 1 (P1) and 14.3% patient 2 (P2) of total granulocytes) and declined to 0.05% (P1) and 0.21% (P2), 3 years later. Some retroviral vectors were found to have integrated within or close to the proto-oncogenes MDS1-EVI1, PRDM16, and CCND2; however, no abnormal cell expansion or related hematological malignancy was observed. Overall, the gene transfer procedure did not produce any serious adverse effects and was able to convert a significant fraction of blood cells to biologically functional cells, albeit for a short period of time.
Myocardial salvage after coronary stenting plus abciximab versus fibrinolysis plus abciximab in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a randomised trial
Authors: Adnan Kastrati, Julinda Mehilli, Josef Dirschinger, Ullrich Schricke, Jodi Neverve, Jürgen Pache, Stefan Martinoff, Franz-Josef Neumann, Stephan Nekolla, Rudolf Blasini, Melchior Seyfarth, Markus Schwaiger, Albert Schömig
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
The role of atopic sensitization in flexural eczema: Findings from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase Two
Authors: Carsten Flohr, Stephan K. Weiland, Gudrun Weinmayr, Bengt Björkstén, Lennart Bråbäck, Bert Brunekreef, Gisela Büchele, Michael Clausen, William O.C. Cookson, Erika von Mutius, David P. Strachan, Hywel C. Williams
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Splenic Imaging with Heat-Damaged Tc-99m Labeled Erythrocytes in Lymphoma
Authors: H VAN der WALL, B S ELISON, I P C MURRAY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

The value of using heat-damaged technetium-99m labeled erythrocytes to provide specific splenic accumulation for high-quality imaging of the spleen is demonstrated in two patients with lymphoma, in whom intrasplenic deposits were demonstrated only by this technique.
Reticulolinear aplasia cutis congenita of the face and neck: a distinctive cutaneous manifestation in several syndromes linked to Xp22
Authors: None Zvulunov, None Kachko, None Manor, None Shinwell, None Carmi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

A distinct form of aplasia cutis congenita presenting as linear facial skin defects has been described under a variety of names as Xp deletion syndrome. MIDAS (microphthalmia, dermal aplasia and sclerocornea) syndrome, MLS (microphthalmia and linear skin defects) and Gazali-Temple syndrome. The syndrome is lethal in males, and its severity in females varies from a relatively mild residual facial scarring with short stature to lethal developmental organ malformations. A new case with peculiar ultrastructural findings is presented. A review of the literature suggests that these associations represent a series of contiguous-gene syndromes.