tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inpatient Computer-Based Standing Orders vs Physician Reminders to Increase Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates
Authors: Paul R. Dexter, Susan M. Perkins, Kati S. Maharry, Kathy Jones, Clement J. McDonald
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Computerized reminder systems increase influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates, but computerized standing order systems have not been previously described or evaluated.To determine the effects of computerized physician standing orders compared with physician reminders on inpatient vaccination rates.Randomized trial of 3777 general medicine patients discharged from 1 of 6 study wards during a 14-month period (November 1, 1998, through December 31, 1999) composed of 2 overlapping influenza seasons at an urban public teaching hospital.The hospital's computerized physician order entry system identified inpatients eligible for influenza and pneumococcal vaccination. For patients with standing orders, the system automatically produced vaccine orders directed to nurses at the time of patient discharge. For patients with reminders, the computer system provided reminders to physicians that included vaccine orders during routine order entry sessions.Vaccine administration.During the approximately 6 months of the influenza season, 50% of all hospitalized patients were identified as eligible for influenza vaccination. Twenty-two percent of patients hospitalized during the entire 14 months of the study were found eligible for pneumococcal vaccination. Patients with standing orders received an influenza vaccine significantly more often (42%) than those patients with reminders (30%) (P <.001). Patients with standing orders received a pneumococcal vaccine significantly more often (51%) than those with reminders (31%) (P <.001).Computerized standing orders were more effective than computerized reminders for increasing both influenza and pneumococcal vaccine administration. Our findings suggest that computerized standing orders should be used more widely for this purpose.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN THE TREATMENT OF LUPUS VULGARIS AND TUBERCULOUS ABSCESS
Authors: C. H. Gunson
Journal: BMJ (1902)

Alps through an article in the Deut8che Klinik by Dr. Meyer- Ahrens, who had been visiting Davos.The article had been freely copied in the German press, and was read by the two inmates of the Goerbersdorf Sanatorium, who were not pro- gressing as rapidly as they had hoped.Unger had watched and was familiar with Brehmer's system, and now, under unique conditionsof climate, introduced the planof open windows at night, walking and sitting out all day long, with
1145-123 Inadequate perception of heart failure is associated with underuse of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in heart failure by the primary care physician: Results from SHAPE, a major European survey
Authors: Willem J Remme, Charles Cline, Alain Cohen Solal, Rainer Dietz, Richard Hobbs, Karen Keukelaar, Jose Lopez Sendon, Cezar Macarie, John McMurray, Christina Opasich, Bernhard Rauch, Witold Ruzyllo, Faiez Zannad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
918-21 Intravascular Ultrasound Evidence of Significant Oversizing of Angioplasty Balloons in Female Patients
Authors: David J. Moliterno, Anthony C. De Franco, E. Murat Tuzcu, Stephen G. Ellis, David S. Eccleston, Russell E. Raymond, Patrick L. Whitlow, Steven E. Nissen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Low-Dose Hydrocortisone for Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Robin McKenzie, Ann O'Fallon, Janet Dale, Mark Demitrack, Geetika Sharma, Maria Deloria, Diego Garcia-Borreguero, William Blackwelder, Stephen E. Straus
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is associated with a dysregulated hypothalamic–pituitary adrenal axis and hypocortisolemia.Objective.—To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose oral hydrocortisone as a treatment for CFS.Design.—A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind therapeutic trial, conducted between 1992 and 1996.Setting.—A single-center study in a tertiary care research institution.Patients.—A total of 56 women and 14 men aged 18 to 55 years who met the 1988 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case criteria for CFS and who withheld concomitant treatment with other medications.Intervention.—Oral hydrocortisone, 13 mg/m2 of body surface area every morning and 3 mg/m2 every afternoon, or placebo, for approximately 12 weeks.Main Outcome Measures.—A global Wellness scale and other self-rating instruments were completed repeatedly before and during treatment. Resting and cosyntropin-stimulated cortisol levels were obtained before and at the end of treatment. Patients recorded adverse effects on a checklist.Results.—The number of patients showing improvement on the Wellness scale was 19 (54.3%) of 35 placebo recipients vs 20 (66.7%) of 30 hydrocortisone recipients (P=.31). Hydrocortisone recipients had a greater improvement in mean Wellness score (6.3 vs 1.7 points; P=.06), a greater percentage (53% vs 29%; P=.04) recording an improvement of 5 or more points in Wellness score, and a higher average improvement in Wellness score on more days than did placebo recipients (P<.001). Statistical evidence of improvement was not seen with other self-rating scales. Although adverse symptoms reported by patients taking hydrocortisone were mild, suppression of adrenal glucocorticoid responsiveness was documented in 12 patients who received it vs none in the placebo group (P<.001).Conclusions.—Although hydrocortisone treatment was associated with some improvement in symptoms of CFS, the degree of adrenal suppression precludes its practical use for CFS.
Senile Lens Exfoliation
Authors: Philip M. Fiore
Journal: JAMA (1990)

An 86-year-old man complained of decreasing vision in his left eye. He has had poor vision in his right eye since he was a child. Visual acuity was counting fingers at 1 ft OD and 20/60 OS. Slit-lamp examination revealed bilateral brunescent cataracts. Also present bilaterally was a thin, clear membrane that protruded through the pupil to float in the anterior chamber. The membrane was attached to the anterior lens capsule and was best seen with retroillumination (Fig 1). The patient denied any history of ocular trauma or occupational exposure to excessive heat or infrared radiation. He underwent uneventful extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in his left eye. The anterior lens capsule was sent for analysis. Histopathologic examination revealed an eosinophilic amorphous substance with a periodic acid-Schiff—positive membrane. At high magnification the membrane showed multiple splitting of the anterior lens capsule (Fig 2). True lens exfoliation
B-cell development and functions and therapeutic options in adenosine deaminase–deficient patients
Authors: Immacolata Brigida, Aisha V. Sauer, Francesca Ferrua, Stefania Giannelli, Samantha Scaramuzza, Valentina Pistoia, Maria Carmina Castiello, Barbara H. Barendregt, Maria Pia Cicalese, Miriam Casiraghi, Chiara Brombin, Jennifer Puck, Klaus Müller, Lucia Dora Notarangelo, Davide Montin, Joris M. van Montfrans, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Elisabetta Traggiai, Jacques J.M. van Dongen, Mirjam van der Burg, Alessandro Aiuti
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
The Swollen Leg: Causes and Treatment
Authors: Edward A. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The special feature of this short book is its elaborate consideration of the physiological basis of edema, particularly as manifested in venous and lymphatic disease. The material is generally well done. However, I could not agree with their theory that the trophic changes of venous stasis are due mainly to arteriovenous shunting. I also found inadequate the consideration of the pathogenesis of swelling in pregnancy. Clinical matters are presented rather skimpily. In some instances these two European authors (Johnson from England, and Pflug from Germany) present viewpoints quite different from those generally held in the United States. Thus, while acute thrombophlebitis is presented, pulmonary embolism receives little mention in the text, except for an appendix on mortality rates from this complication. It does not appear in the index. They mention Buerger's disease as the only generalized entity to be thought of in connection with "phlebitis migrans" of the lower limb.
ABO groups and myelomatosis.
Authors: T. M. Allan
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MEBDITHALLike most of us, the young doctor is faced with the painful necessity of having to earn a living, particularly as he is likely to be married and often has a family to support.After, say, two years' work, he can enter general practice, an interesting and rewarding life with much variety, or decide on radiology as a career.In the former case he will have a fairly wide choice of district and start at £3,000-£4,000 p.a., achieving a high salary in the not too distant future.If he should choose radiology he will start as registrar for two years or more, obtain his D.M.R.D. and then become senior registrar for three years, altogether about five years' training.He can then take a further qualifica-
Adiposity of the Heart
Authors: Bruce R. Leslie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters3 October 2006Adiposity of the HeartBruce R. Leslie, MDBruce R. Leslie, MDFrom Princeton, NJ 08550.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-7-200610030-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR: Readers of the article by McGavock and colleagues (1) may be interested to know that the renowned U.S. physician Austin Flint was among the first to describe fatty heart, nearly 150 years ago. In his textbook on diseases of the heart, Flint wrote, “Morbid growth or hypertrophy of the adipose tissue … is often associated with that tendency to superabundance of fat which constitutes obesity. This tendency is directed towards the heart, after middle life, in persons of indolent and luxurious habits” (2). Flint's observations were made during his tenure as visiting attending physician at New Orleans ...References1. McGavock JM, Victor RG, Unger RH, Szczepaniak LS. Adiposity of the heart, revisited. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:517-24. [PMID: 16585666] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Flint A. A Practical Treatise on the Diagnosis, Pathology, and Treatment of Diseases of the Heart. Philadelphia: Blanchard and Lea; 1859:93. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Bruce R. Leslie, MDAffiliations: From Princeton, NJ 08550.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAdiposity of the Heart*, Revisited Jonathan M. McGavock , Ronald G. Victor , Roger H. Unger , and Lidia S. Szczepaniak Adiposity of the Heart Michael J. Zema Adiposity of the Heart Gianluca Iacobellis and Arya M. Sharma Adiposity of the Heart Lidia S. Szczepaniak , Jonathan M. McGavock , Ronald G. Victor , and Roger H. Unger Adiposity of the Heart Balavenkatesh Kanna Metrics 3 October 2006Volume 145, Issue 7Page: 554KeywordsAdipose tissueConflicts of interestFatsHabitsHeartHeart diseasesHeart murmursObesity ePublished: 3 October 2006 Issue Published: 3 October 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Disease Severity Correlates with Thrombotic Capacity in Experimental Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Bryce A. Kerlin, Amanda P. Waller, Ruchika Sharma, Melinda A. Chanley, Marvin T. Nieman, William E. Smoyer
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

Thrombotic disease, a major life-threatening complication of nephrotic syndrome, has been associated with proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia severity. However, it is not fully understood how disease severity correlates with severity of the acquired hypercoagulopathy of nephrotic syndrome. Without this knowledge, the utility of proteinuria and/or hypoalbuminemia as biomarkers of thrombotic risk remains limited. Here, we show that two well established ex vivo hypercoagulopathy assays, thrombin generation and rotational thromboelastometry, are highly correlated with proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia in the puromycin aminonucleoside and adriamycin rat models of nephrotic syndrome. Notably, in the puromycin aminonucleoside model, hyperfibrinogenemia and antithrombin deficiency were also correlated with proteinuria severity, consistent with reports in human nephrotic syndrome. Importantly, although coagulation was not spontaneously activated in vivo with increasing proteinuria, vascular injury induced a more robust thrombotic response in nephrotic animals. In conclusion, hypercoagulopathy is highly correlated with nephrotic disease severity, but overt thrombosis may require an initiating insult, such as vascular injury. Our results suggest that proteinuria and/or hypoalbuminemia could be developed as clinically meaningful surrogate biomarkers of hypercoagulopathy to identify patients with nephrotic syndrome at highest risk for thrombotic disease and potentially target them for anticoagulant pharmacoprophylaxis.
Atropine vs Patching for Treatment of Amblyopia in Children
Authors: Burton J. Kushner
Journal: JAMA (2002)

ObjectiveTo compare patching and atropine as treatments for moderate amblyopia in children younger than 7 years.MethodsIn a randomized clinical trial, 419 children younger than 7 years with amblyopia and visual acuity in the range of 20/40 to 20/100 were assigned to receive either patching or atropine at 47 clinical sites.Main Outcome MeasureVisual acuity in the amblyopic eye and sound eye after 6 months.ResultsVisual acuity in the amblyopic eye improved in both groups (improvement from baseline to 6 months was 3.16 lines in the patching group and 2.84 lines in the atropine group). Improvement was initially faster in thepatching group, but after 6 months, the difference in visual acuity between treatment groups was small and clinically inconsequential (mean difference at 6 months, 0.034 logMAR units; 95% confidence interval, 0.005-0.064 logMAR units). The 6-month acuity was 20/30 or better in the amblyopic eye and/or improved from baseline by 3 or more lines in 79% of the patching group and 74% of the atropine group. Both treatments were well tolerated, although atropine had a slightly higher degree of acceptability on a parental questionnaire. More patients in the atropine group than in the patching group had reduced acuity in the sound eye at 6 months, but this did not persist with further follow-up.ConclusionAtropine and patching produce improvement of similar magnitude, and both are appropriate modalities for the initial treatment of moderate amblyopia in children aged 3 to less than 7 years.
Targeting tumor-associated macrophages in cancer patients
Authors: D. Rüttinger, P. Cassier, M. Cannarile, C. Ries, C. Gomez-Roca, S. D'Angelo, K. Weber, M. Campone, C. Le Tourneau, J.-P. Delord, J.-Y. Blay, A. Italiano
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Prognostic Importance of Comorbidity in a Hospital-Based Cancer Registry
Authors: Jay F. Piccirillo
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextPatients with cancer often have other medical ailments, referred to as comorbidity. Comorbidity may impact treatment decision-making, prognosis, and quality of care assessment.ObjectiveTo assess whether comorbidity information can provide important prognostic information in a hospital-based cancer registry.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn observational prospective cohort study using comorbidity data collected by trained hospital-based cancer registrars. Comorbidity was obtained through medical record review using the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation 27, a validated chart-based comorbidity instrument. A total of 17 712 patients receiving care between January 1, 1995, and January 31, 2001, for the primary diagnosis of new cancer of the prostate, lung (nonsmall cell), breast, digestive system, gynecological, urinary system, or head and neck were included.Main Outcome MeasureDuration in months of overall survival.ResultsA total of 19 268 patients were included in the study; median duration of follow-up was 31 months. Of these patients, 1556 (8.0%) were excluded due to missing or unknown data. Severity of comorbidity strongly influenced survival in a dose-dependent fashion and the impact of comorbidity was independent of cancer stage. Compared with patients without comorbidity, the adjusted hazard ratio associated with mild comorbidity was 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.30), moderate comorbidity was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.73-2.00), and severe comorbidity was 2.56 (95% CI, 2.35-2.81). Adjusted Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that at any point in time the patients with more severe levels of comorbidity had worse survival (partial χ23 due to comorbidity, 523.54; P&lt;.001). Model discrimination ranged from 0.71 for head and neck to 0.86 for prostate cancers.ConclusionsComorbidity is an important independent prognostic factor for patients with cancer. The inclusion of comorbidity in hospital-based cancer registries will increase the value and use of observational research.
Inhibitory effect of dietary iodine on the thyroid adenylate cyclase response to thyrotropin in the hypophysectomized rat.
Authors: B Rapoport, M N West, S H Ingbar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

In hypophysectomized rats given dietary regimens either rich or deficient in iodine, the increase in thyroid cyclic AMP concentration induced acutely by a single dose of TSH was significantly less in iodine-enriched than in iodine-deficient animals. Direct assays revealed that this difference was because the thyroid adenylate cyclase response to TSH was less in the iodine-enriched animals, phosphodiesterase activity being no different in the two groups. This effect may explain the inhibitory action of dietary iodine enrichment on diverse functional and anatomical responses of the thyroid to TSH.
Abstract 3770: Long-term variation in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration among participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial
Authors: Jonathan N. Hofmann, Kai Yu, Ronald L. Horst, Richard B. Hayes, Mark P. Purdue
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Molecular epidemiologic studies of vitamin D and risk of cancer and other health outcomes usually involve a single measurement of the biomarker 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in serum or plasma. However, the extent to which 25(OH)D concentration at a single time point is representative of an individual's long-term vitamin D status is unclear. To address this question, we evaluated within-person variability in 25(OH)D concentration across serum samples collected at three time points over a five year period among 29 participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Serial blood samples in the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial were obtained from each subject at the same time of year for each of the three collection events. This sample collection protocol provided a unique opportunity to evaluate within-person temporal variability beyond seasonal effects, which have been well-characterized in previous studies. The within-person coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated using variance components estimated from random effects models. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate agreement between measurements at different collection times (baseline, +1 year, +5 years). The within-subject CV was 14.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 12.4%-18.1%] and the ICC was 0.71 (95% CI 0.63-0.88). Spearman rank correlation coefficients comparing baseline to +1 year, +1 year to +5 years, baseline to +5 years, and the average of baseline and +1 year to +5 years were 0.65 (0.37-0.82), 0.61 (0.29-0.81), 0.53 (0.17-0.77), and 0.65 (0.34-0.83) respectively. After restricting to 23 non-Hispanic Caucasian subjects, the ICC was 0.75 (0.64-0.90) and slightly stronger pairwise correlations were observed: the correlation coefficients were 0.72 (0.42-0.87) for baseline vs. +1 year, 0.69 (0.37-0.87) for +1 year vs. +5 years, 0.58 (0.18-0.81) for baseline vs. +5 years, and 0.70 (0.37-0.87) for the average of baseline and +1 year vs. +5 years. These findings suggest that serum 25(OH)D concentration at a single time point may be a useful biomarker of long-term vitamin D status in population-based studies of various diseases. When possible, investigators might also consider taking multiple measurements from each subject at different times to reduce misclassification of vitamin D status, thereby improving the validity of risk estimates. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3770.
Recombinant factor VIII may not abolish risk of new variant CJD from factor VIII
Authors: J P Betts
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Barbara and Flanagan report the precautionary measures against new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease that have been announced by the UK Department of Health.1 Unfortunately, the secretary of state announced the outcome of the NHS review of the provision of factor VIII for patients with haemophilia at the same time. The rationale for endorsing the use of recombinant factor VIII in children has thus become linked to concerns over new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob.

Recombinant factor VIII is a biologically derived product produced by cell culture, not a synthetic product as stated in the announcement …
A CASE OF DISLOCATION OF PROXIMAL PHALANX OF GREAT TOE
Authors: P. G. Skillern
Journal: JAMA (1913)

P. W., male, white, laborer, aged 56, reported at the surgical outpatient department of the University Hospital, service of Dr. B. A. Thomas, May 28, 1913, with the history of having been kicked by a horse nine weeks previously, and of having been treated at another hospital for an injury to the left knee. He now complains of pain in great toe. Examination reveals fixation of great toe in extreme extension and crepitation at metatarsophalangeal joint. The roentgenogram (Fig. 1) shows displacement of proximal phalanx of hallux onto the dorsum of the head of its metatarsal. The antero-posterior view (Fig. 2) is of interest in showing concomitant displacement of the sesamoids from the plantar aspect to each side of the joint. Under nitrous oxid reduction was attempted by means of Levis' apparatus, but owing to laceration of the skin this method was abandoned. A trial was next made of the