tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE DIFFICULTIES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEPATIC ABSCESS
Authors: G. J. Langley
Journal: BMJ (1921)

THE present relatively high frequency of hepatic abscess as the result of oversea service during the recent war, the difficulty experienced in accurate diagnosis even -when tlhe lesion is borne in mind, tlhe drlamatic results of emetine treatment-these factors combine to make the disease of great importance at the moment.The following notes of cases which have occurred recently serve to illustrate the difficulties experienced.The fact that a patient has had a liver abscess in the past which has been surgically treated by no means excludes the development of a second abscess at some very considerably later date.The following two cases illustrate this: J. S., aged 43, served three years in Palestine, developed dlysentery in 1918, and was operated ulpon in Gaza in that year.A large liver abscess was openied and drained.He reached home in.February, 1919, anid returned to work as a miner.He was admitted to hospital on August 25th, 1920, with intense lhepatic pain.There was an operation.scar in the region of the gall bladder.Liver dullness at the right base reached up to the angle of the scapula, the edge of that organ being felt four *fingers below the costal margin.There was great tenderness over the seventh rib in the axillary line.X-ray examination showed fluid in the right pleura, a fixed diaphragm, and a very large liver.Under treatment this all disappeared, the diaphragm and liver returning to normal and the patient returne(d to wiork.He, however, came under observation again in January, 1921, vith all the signs of an acute liver ab3cess, from which over tw o piits of pus were evacuated.He made a good recovery..J. A. H., aged 30, had seven and a half years' army service, of whichi four years had been spent in India.He was operated upon inl Julv, 1913, for hepatic abscess, of whlich the sears through thle right rectius an(d the eighthi rib in the axillary line still remain.He wvas discharge(d unfit for furthier service on account of rheumatoid arthritis in 1914.He was admitted to hospital on June 6th, 1920, on accounit of vomiting, pain in the right chest and right shoulder.Examination showed cripipling of left hip, knee, and foot.The liver was only slightly enlarged upwards, but reached downi to the iliac crest, and was very tenider; there was slight pyrexia ugt9 100^F.at night, Under emetine the temperature quickly came to normal, and the liver had returined to its usual dimensions at the end of the usual sixteen-day coDurse of treatment.He has remainedlwell since.Altlhough cases presenting the syndrome of dysentery, pyl-exia, leucocytosis, liepatic pain and enlargement, are generally diagnosed as lhepatic abscess, it is important to remember tlhat, althougl the right dome of the diaplhragm may be pushied up aud fixed, the pathological condition may still be an acute amoebic hepatitis.It is this con-
Pseudo-high affinity interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor lacks the third component that is essential for functional IL-2 binding and signaling.
Authors: N Arima, M Kamio, K Imada, T Hori, T Hattori, M Tsudo, M Okuma, T Uchiyama
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Functional studies of the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) of two (ED515-D and Kit225) IL-2-dependent and three (ED515-I, 3T3-alpha beta 11, and Hut102) IL-2-independent cell lines were done. All of these cell lines appeared to express high as well as low affinity IL-2R. However, ED515-I and 3T3-alpha beta 11, which expressed the IL-2R beta chain, did not bind IL-2 at all when IL-2 binding to their IL-2R alpha chain was blocked with anti-Tac monoclonal antibody, whereas the intermediate affinity binding in ED515-D, Kit225, and Hut102 cells remained. We tentatively called the high affinity IL-2R of the former cells pseudo-high affinity IL-2R. The dissociation constant of pseudo-high affinity IL-2R was higher than that of ordinary high affinity IL-2R. Internalization of cell-bound 125I-IL-2 into ED515-I and 3T3-alpha beta 11 cells was less efficient than that into ED515-D cells. The addition of IL-2 neither promoted cell growth nor upregulated IL-2R alpha chain expression in ED515-I and 3T3-alpha beta 11 cells. Furthermore, tyrosine phosphorylation of the cellular proteins (p120, p98, p96, p54, and p38) was induced or enhanced in response to the addition of IL-2 in ED515-D and Kit225 cells, but not in the cell lines expressing pseudo-high affinity IL-2R. Finally, 125I-IL-2 crosslinking followed by SDS-PAGE analysis showed an 80-kD band corresponding to p65 + IL-2, in addition to bands corresponding to IL-2R alpha and beta chain + IL-2 in cells bearing ordinary high affinity IL-2R but not in cells with pseudo-high affinity IL-2R. Taken together, we consider that another protein whose molecular mass is approximately 65 kD is functionally important in IL-2 binding and subsequent signal transduction and may be the third component of IL-2R.
Color Display of Dual Isotope SPECT Imaging in Right Ventricular Infarction Associated with Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: SUSUMU ADACHI, MICHIAKI HIROE, KEIICHI SUGIMOTO, YASUHIRO MIYAHARA, FUMIAKI MARUMO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Dual isotope SPECT imaging demonstrated a right ventricular infarction and an infarction of the inferior wall of the left ventricle. The right ventricular infarction looked like a tongue protruding from the left ventricle, especially in the short axis view. Dual isotope SPECT imaging may be useful in the detection of right ventricular infarction.
Continuity of care--sacred cow or vital necessity?
Authors: C. Bulstrode
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The new deal on junior doctors' hours and the recommendations of the Calman report on specialist medical training will require a radical review of working practices in hospital. Not only will juniors be working fewer hours but as a result of shortened training there will be fewer of them available to provide a service. The medical work in hospitals will inevitably become more consultant based. The old system of a firm, built on a consultant leading a team of juniors, looks as if it may be the first casualty, replaced by a team of consultants and a shrinking pool of juniors. The benefits of continuity of care, provided by the juniors working long hours, will have to be provided in some other way.

The importance of continuity of care for training and patient care is now being presented to our regional task force as one of the most cogent reasons why the present changes are ill considered and unworkable. But before condemning these changes out of hand it may be worth considering the real meaning of continuity of care and …
907-102 Failure of Endothelin-1 Receptor Blockade During Ischemia and Reperfusion to Prevent Ischemic Damage in Isolated Rabbit Hearts
Authors: Jean F. Goudemant, Isabelle Mottet, Hubert Pouleur, Roger Demeure, Jacques Melin, Jean L. Vanoverschelde
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Medical Aims and Ideals
Authors: Charles H. Bradford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE Annual Discourse, as it seems to me, is not an occasion for presenting a scientific paper, nor for reviewing the routine problems of the year; rather, it affords a recurring opportunity for measuring the standards of our profession, and for evaluating the principles on which they are based. This is the topic that I wish to offer, pursuing it with no specific objective other than to indulge in a leisurely and contemplative discussion of our aims and ideals in the medical world.The VisionTo begin with, ours is essentially a scientific occupation, based on a scientific point of . . .
Home Prothrombin Time Monitoring after the Initiation of Warfarin Therapy
Authors: Richard H. White
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of monitoring prothrombin times at home. Design: Randomized, prospective cohort study. Setting: Outpatients discharged from a university hospital or a community hospital. Patients: Fifty patients started on warfarin for the first time who demonstrated an ability to use the monitor and who had not achieved a stable response to warfarin in the hospital. Intervention: Oral anticoagulation therapy managed using a portable prothrombin time monitor compared with specialized anticoagulation clinic care. Measurements and Main Results: In the 46 patients who completed the 8-week study, the median percentage of time that patients in the home-monitor group (n = 23) were within a range equal to the target prothrombin ratio ± 0. 3, but always above 1.25, was 93%, compared with 75% for patients in the clinic group (n = 23) (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference between groups in the percentage of time above the therapeutic range; however, the percentage of time that patients were subtherapeutic was significantly greater in the clinic group (P < 0.001). There were no major thromboembolic or hemorrhagic complications in either group. Differences between home monitor measurements and corresponding clinical laboratory measurements using blood samples drawn within 4 hours of the home test were comparable to differences observed between measurements using two different clinical laboratory instruments. Conclusions: Use of a portable prothrombin time monitor by patients at home is feasible and provides accurate measurements. Patients doing home monitoring achieve superior anticoagulation control compared with those receiving standard anticoagulation clinic care.
Critical Decisions in Trauma
Authors: Robert J. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1985)

I first encountered an intriguing textbook, very similar to this one, in 1980, when I reviewed Dr Eiseman's Prognosis of Surgical Disease . At that time, I was struck by the novel application of therapeutic algorithms, or decision trees, on which that book was constructed. This work also is based on a series of more than 100 different algorithms, all of which deal with some segment of trauma care. The initial steps in dealing with the problem, the diagnostic maneuvers to assess the magnitude of trauma and arrive at a therapeutic decision, and prognosis are given visually in the algorithm, while the text, on the facing page, expands on each important step.  Although unconventional, the algorithms are a remarkably efficient way of delivering information. A hallmark of a reference text is that the available information be easily obtained, which the authors have achieved. Unfortunately, their technique precludes any display of literary
A Physician's Hamlet
Authors: Peter Gonnella
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 October 1997A Physician's HamletPeter Gonnella, MDPeter Gonnella, MDRockport, ME 04856Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_1-199710150-00034 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I agree with Burnum [1] about Hamlet's relevance to our lives and clinical decision making, but I disagree with the characterization of Hamlet's inertia. Indeed, Hamlet spends most of the play vacillating, planning, and then failing to execute action. This does not represent confusion about the problems that need to be addressed, nor reluctance to “abandon … halcyon student days,” rather, it is a need to have to know for what motive.It is unambiguously clear that the actions of Claudius demand redress: the murder of Hamlet's beloved father, regicide itself, the incestuous involvement of Hamlet's mother ...References1. Burnum J. A physician's Hamlet. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:412-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rockport, ME 04856 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 8_Part_1Page: 658 Issue Published: 15 October 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
ONE HUNDRED CONSECUTIVE LAPAROTOMIES FOR INTUSSUSCEPTION IN CHILDREN
Authors: C. P. B. Clubbe
Journal: BMJ (1905)

5N this part of the world, as elsewhlere, we now get more in- tussusceptions in hospital than in former years, because the -condition is more readily recognized and the children are sent to us more promptly than heret ,ror.r find that up to November, 1904, I had performed toa !H * .mies for in- tussusception in children, with sixty-th -'veries and thirty-seven deaths.The first 50 cases occurred from Augult, 18)3, to April, 1go1 (a perior ot seveayeara and eight moaths); of these, 25 lived and 25 died.The second 50 cases occurred from Aprit, igo1, to November, 1904 (three years and six months); of these, 38 livedand 12 died.The great difference in the mortality inthe second 50 cases is probably dae to the fact that the children were sent into the hospital earlier. Cases thatCases that Lived.Died.Average time from onset of f First 50 23 hours.68 hours symptoms to operation '.Second 50 23,, 48 ,,The varieties were as follows:Cases.Cured.
Representational difference analysis based identification and full-length sequencing of the B10-gene of the aldo-keto reductase family 1 clearly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: S. Heringlake, A. Fiebeler, M. Hofdmann, T. Greten, L. Wilkens, D. Ludwig, M. Manns
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Gene, injury and performance
Authors: Nicola Maffulli
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Lecture 28 The limit of each individual to perform a given type of exercise depends on the nature of the task, and is influenced by a variety of factors, including psychology, environment and genetic make up. Genetics provide useful insights, as sport performances can be ultimately defined as a polygenic trait. The physical performance phenotypes for which a genetic basis can be suspected include endurance capacity, muscle performance, physiological attitude to train and ability of tendons and ligaments to withstand injury. The translation of an advantageous genotype into a champion's phenotype is still influenced by environmental, psychological and sociological factors. Since exercise training regulates the expression of genes encoding various enzymes in muscle and other tissues, genetic research in sports will help clarify several aspects of human biology and physiology, such as RNA and protein level regulation under specific circumstances. Genetic testing in sport would permit to identify individuals with optimal physiology and morphology, and also those with a greater capacity to respond/adapt to training and a lesser chance of suffering from injuries. Ethical and practical caveats should be clearly emphasised. The current scientific evidence on the relationship between genetics and sports look promising. There is a need for additional studies to determine whether genomewide genotyping arrays would be really useful and cost-effective.
US National Institutes of Health issue guidelines on stem cell
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The US National Institutes of Health have released rules about the use of embryonic stem cell lines in research funded by the institutes. This follows Barack Obama’s decision in March to remove the ban introduced by the previous US president, George Bush, on using federal funds to support embryonic stem cell research ( BMJ 2009;338:b1011, doi:10.1136/bmj.b1011).

The rules state that the cells must come from embryos voluntarily donated for research with informed consent. They will come from donations of excess embryos by people treated at in vitro fertilisation clinics. The embryos would otherwise be discarded.

Donors must be informed during the consent process that …
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase and Seronegative Hepatitis
Authors: PETER MEIER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1988Serum Alanine Aminotransferase and Seronegative HepatitisPETER MEIER, M.D., MARTIN SCHMID, M.D.PETER MEIER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MARTIN SCHMID, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-5-768_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Previous studies (1, 2) have established a direct relation between elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in donor blood and the risk for post-transfusion hepatitis. In an independent study (3), we determined the extent to which continuing transaminase elevation is a manifestation of chronic persistent hepatitis (non-A, non-B chronic persistent hepatitis) or of insignificant steatosis.Of 103 patients with persistent or intermittent asymptomatic transaminase elevation, no patient had acute or chronic infectious hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, or thesaurismosis, or was receiving hepatotoxic drugs. Seronegative chronic hepatitis (group 1) was differentiated from steatosis (group 2) by biopsy means. The histologic findings in group 1 were mild portal infiltration rich in lymphocytes and plasma cells, and lymph follicles with germinal centers and bile duct lesions.Group 1 comprised 46 patients with different modes of infection (posttransfusion h...References1. AACHSZMUNESSMOSLEY RWJ. Serum alanine aminotransferase of donors in relation to the risk of non-A, non-B hepatitis in recipients: the transfusion-transmitted viruses study. N Engl J Med. 1981;17:989-94. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. ALTERPURCELLHOLLANDALLINGKOZIOL HRPDD. Donor transaminase and recipient hepatitis: impact on blood transfusion services. JAMA. 1981;246:630-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MEIERHUBERSCHMID PMM. SGPT-Bestimmung als Routine-Screening bei Blutspendern? Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1987;117:1130-3. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BOHLEN-BODMER A. Posttransfusionshepatitis in der Region Zürich. 1979-1983, thesis. University of Zurich, 1985. Google Scholar5. FRIEDMANDIENSTAGWATKINS LJE. Evaluation of blood donors with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107;137-44. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medizinische Klinik Stadtspital Waid Zürich; 8037 Zürich Switzerland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1988Volume 108, Issue 5Page: 768-768KeywordsAlanine aminotransferaseAminotransferasesChronic hepatitisHepatitis ALymphLymphocytesMetabolic disordersPlasma cellsPrimary biliary cirrhosisSteatosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Diurnal Variation in Transepidermal Water Loss
Authors: M. Shahidullah, E. J. Raffle, W. Frain-Bell, A. R. Rimmer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article Diurnal Variation in Transepidermal Water Loss Get access M. Shahidullah, M. Shahidullah Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. J. Raffle, E. J. Raffle Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Frain‐Bell, W. Frain‐Bell Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. R. Rimmer A. R. Rimmer Regional Physics Department, Dundee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue 11, 1 November 1969, Pages 866–867, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb15960.x Published: 01 November 1969
Correlation between array-comparative genomic hybridization-defined genomic gains and losses and survival: identification of 1p31-32 deletion as a prognostic factor in myeloma
Authors: W J Chng, M A Gertz, T-H Chung, S Van Wier, J J Keats, A Baker, P L Bergsagel, J Carpten, R Fonseca
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
The Acid Truth and Basic Facts—With a Sweet Touch, an EnLYTEnment
Authors: Eric P. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This deLYTEful ring-bound handbook stands out clearly among the many texts and learning aids that attempt to teach us and our students more about renal and electrolyte disturbances. Dr Mitchell Halperin's expertise in this field is widely acknowledged and is only equaled by his enthusiasm in teaching others concepts he has perceived in the mass of laboratory data that is modern medicine. Each of the text's six chapters has pearls of wisdom, clinical classifications and syndromes, and, finally, elements of differential diagnosis. Each chapter is accompanied by at least one clinical case applicable to the metabolic abnormality discussed, eg, hypernatremia after a skull fracture in a patient who, after all, did not have diabetes insipidus but, rather, urea-induced osmotic diuresis. Both at the beginning of the book and at intervals thereafter, Halperin defines and discusses the transtubular potassium gradient (TTKG), with emphasis on practicality. The TTKG reflects urine potassium/plasma potassium
Pediatric Transfusion Medicine
Authors: Ruth Andrea Seeler
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The dedication of this two-volume book states eloquently, "To our children and children everywhere. May they never need transfusion therapy, but if they do, may those administering it have the knowledge to first do no harm." With 19 chapters written by acknowledged experts in the field, this book covers the gamut of pediatric transfusion medicine of interest to general practitioners and subspecialists. The unique aspects of transfusion medicine for the perinatal and newborn period, covered in six chapters, encompass about half of volume 1. The volume opens with a thorough discussion of the unique physiology of erythrocytes, white blood cells, and coagulation during the antenatal and perinatal period. Key charts, graphs, and tables are included. Then follows a comprehensive discussion of hemolytic disease of the newborn, with emphasis on antenatal and prophylactic management, and a separate discussion on the techniques and dangers of exchange transfusion. The neonatal section concludes with
Cardiac stem cells with electrical stimulation improve ischaemic heart function through regulation of connective tissue growth factor and miR-378
Authors: Sun Wook Kim, Ha Won Kim, Wei Huang, Motoi Okada, Jeffrey A. Welge, Yigang Wang, Muhammad Ashraf
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

In this study, we investigated whether pre-conditioning (PC) by electrical stimulation (EleS) induces cytoprotective effect on cardiac stem cells (CSCs) and determined its underlying molecular mechanisms. Sca-1+ CSCs were isolated from male C57BL6 mice (12 weeks) hearts. PC of CSCs with EleS (EleSCSCs) was carried out for 3 h at 1.5 V followed by exposure to 300 µM H2O2 for 5 h. Cytoprotective effects and cell adhesion ability were significantly increased by EleS as evaluated by transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, and adhesion assay. EleS increased phosphorylation of AKT, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3β), as well as decreased caspase-3 cleavage. Interestingly, inhibition of AKT or FAK abolished the pro-survival effects of EleS. We found that connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) was responsible for EleS-induced CSC survival and adhesion.The survival rate of EleSCSCs after transplantation in the infarcted myocardium was significantly increased together with improvement in cardiac function. Importantly, knockdown of Ctgf abolished EleS-induced cytoprotective effects and recovery of cardiac function. Furthermore, we identified miR-378 as a potential Ctgf regulator in EleSCSCs. EleS enhanced CSC survival in vitro and in vivo as well as functional recovery of the ischaemic heart through an AKT/FAK/CTGF signalling pathway. It is suggested that Ctgf and miR-378 are novel therapeutic targets for stem cell-based therapy.