tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of immunosuppressive treatment on leukotriene pathway in polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Authors: I Loell, L Alemo-Munters, C Ottosson, M Korotkova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Background Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are characterised by infi ltration of macrophages and T cells in skeletal muscle tissue.Immunosuppressive treatment has limited effects on the number of T cells in myositis, providing a basis for persistent immune reaction targeting muscle fi bres.Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a powerful chemoattractant for myeloid leucocytes and activated T cells into infl amed tissue.LTB4 is formed from arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), 5-LO activating protein (FLAP), and leukotriene A4 hydrolase.Enhanced expression of 5-LO mRNA has been demonstrated in muscle tissue from patients with PM/DM, suggesting a role for 5-LO in the pathogenesis of these diseases.Aim To investigate the expression of 5-LO and FLAP in muscle biopsies from patients with PM or DM before and after conventional treatment.Methods Muscle tissue biopsies were obtained from 24 patients with PM/DM and 6 healthy donors.For 17 of the patients, muscle biopsies were obtained before and after treatment with glucocorticoids and additional immunosuppressive drug for 8 months.Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect 5-LO and FLAP expression in muscle tissue.Double immunofl uorescence staining was used to determine cellular localisation of these enzymes.Interstitial fl uid of thigh on July 20,
Abstract 5347: DNA repair protein Rev7 is required for primordial germ cell maintenance in the mouse
Authors: Yoshiki Murakumo, Naoki Watanabe, Shinji Mii, Masato Asai, Naoya Asai, Kaoru Niimi, Takuya Kato, Atsushi Enomoto, Masahide Takahashi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract REV7 is involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, gene expression and carcinogenesis. In vitro studies show that REV7 interacts with several proteins and regulates their function, and that downregulation of REV7 expression in human cancer cells results in enhancement of sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. It has been reported that human REV7 is highly expressed in the adult testis by northern blot analysis. However, the significance of REV7 in mammalian development has not been elucidated. Here, we present analyses of Rev7-deficient (Rev7-/-) mice to clarify the significance of Rev7 in mouse development. In wild-type mice (Rev7+/+), Rev7 expression was ubiquitously observed in the embryo and confined to germ cells in the testes after birth. Rev7-/- mice exhibited growth retardation and a partial embryonic lethal phenotype. Mice that survived to adulthood were infertile in both sexes and showed germ cell aplasia in the testes and ovaries. Analyses of Rev7-/- embryos revealed that primordial germ cells (PGCs) were present at embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5). However, progressive loss of PGCs was observed during migration, and PGCs were absent in the genital ridges at E13.5. An increase of apoptotic cells was detected not only among PGCs but also in the forebrain of the Rev7-/- embryo, while cell proliferation was unaffected. Gene expression analysis of E8.5 embryos showed upregulation of Oct4 and Nanog and downregulation of c-Kit and Rev3 in Rev7-/- embryos compared with those in Rev7+/- embryos. These findings indicate that Rev7 is essential for PGC maintenance by prevention of apoptotic cell death in the mouse. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Yoshiki Murakumo, Naoki Watanabe, Shinji Mii, Masato Asai, Naoya Asai, Kaoru Niimi, Takuya Kato, Atsushi Enomoto, Masahide Takahashi. DNA repair protein Rev7 is required for primordial germ cell maintenance in the mouse. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5347. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5347
Insulin resistance and depression: cross sectional study
Authors: Markku Timonen, Mauri Laakso, Jari Jokelainen, Ulla Rajala, V Benno Meyer-Rochow, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Cross-sectional and case-control studies were conducted in a US Army unit which had experienced a protracted outbreak of viral hepatitis. Serological, demographic, and exposure data were collected. The cross-sectional study found that there was no association between the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and ethnicity, education, and rank. There was an association with age and duration of assignment to the unit. Having social contact with an identified hepatitis patient and the sharing of personal hygiene items with a case were significant risk factors for HBV infection. Through the use of anonymous questionnaires, the case-control study evaluated various behavioural factors. Univariate analysis indicated moderate but not significant increases in risk associated with a history of multiple sex partners and a history of disciplinary problems while in the military. Six drug-use related risk factors were significantly associated with HBV infection on univariate analysis. When evaluated with multivariate analysis, the only risk factor that was significantly associated with HBV infection was injection of drugs while assigned to the study unit. Two sources of misclassification bias were identified, both of which acted to underestimate the true risk associated with identified risk factors.
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis: a disease commoner in non-smokers.
Authors: C P Warren
Journal: Thorax (1977)

The smoking habits of 18 patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis, 22 with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, and 75 patients with sarcoidosis were compared with the smoking habits of the normal population of the Prairie Region for 1973. The patients were diagnosed at the same two hospitals over the four-year period November 1971--75 and were of comparable age. Non-smoking was significantly associated with allergic alveolitis in men and the three cases in women were all non-smokers. For the other two diseases, smoking habits were similar to those of the local population.
F-18 Choline PET Does Not Detect Increased Metabolism in F-18 Fluoroethyltyrosine-Negative Low-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Ulrich Roelcke, Matthias Bruehlmeier, Martin Hefti, Thomas Hundsberger, Egbert U. Nitzsche
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Positron emission tomography (PET) with radiolabeled amino acids provides information on biopsy target and chemotherapy response in patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG). In this article, we addressed whether PET with F-18 choline (CHO) detects increased metabolism in F-18 fluoroethyltyrosine (FET)-negative LGG patients.Six LGG patients with nongadolinium-enhancing (magnetic resonance) FET-negative LGG were imaged with CHO PET. Regions of interest were positioned over tumor and contralateral brain. Uptake of FET and CHO was quantified as count ratio of tumor to contralateral brain.The mean FET uptake ratio for FET-negative LGG was 0.95 ± 0.03 (mean ± standard deviation). Five tumors did not show increased uptake ratios for CHO (0.96 ± 0.12). Slightly increased CHO uptake was found in 1 patient (1.24), which, however, was not associated with tumor visualization.Amino acid and choline uptake appear to behave similar in nongadolinium-enhancing LGG. For clinical purposes, CHO PET is not superior to FET PET.
PsRNA: A Computing Engine for the Comparative Identification of Putative Small RNA Locations within Intergenic Regions
Authors: Jayavel Sridhar, Govindaraj Sowmiya, Kanagaraj Sekar, Ziauddin Ahamed Rafi
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2010)

Abstract Small RNAs (sRNAs) are non-coding transcripts exerting their functions in the cells directly. Identification of sRNAs is a difficult task due to the lack of clear sequence and structural biases. Most sRNAs are identified within genus specific intergenic regions in related genomes. However, several of these regions remain un-annotated due to lack of sequence homology and/or potent statistical identification tools. A computational engine has been built to search within the intergenic regions to identify and roughly annotate new putative sRNA regions in Enterobacteriaceae genomes. It utilizes experimentally known sRNA data and their flanking genes/KEGG Orthology (KO) numbers as templates to identify similar sRNA regions in related query genomes. The search engine not only has the capability to locate putative intergenic regions for specific sRNAs, but also has the potency to locate conserved, shuffled or deleted gene clusters in query genomes. Because it uses the KO terms for locating functionally important regions such as sRNAs, any further KO number assignment to additional genes will increase the sensitivity. The PsRNA server is used for the identification of putative sRNA regions through the information retrieved from the sRNA of interest. The computing engine is available online at http://bioserver1.physics.iisc.ernet.in/psrna/ and http://bicmku.in:8081/psrna/.
Pruritic Skin Disease and Summer Air Conditioning
Authors: Marvin E. Chernosky
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Clinical and psychrometric studies over a 3-year period have indicated that the picture of dermatitis hiemalis (winter itch) has occurred in hot summer months in 18 patients who have been exposed for long periods to refrigerated air conditioning and for alternate short periods to hot humid environment. A pruritic dermatitis followed over-dehydration and damage of the stratum corneum which apparently were produced by lowered indoor humidity, increased air movement, lack of thermoregulatory sweating, excessive use of hot water and soap, and mechanical trauma. Ten of the patients previously had been told that they had neurodermatitis, fungus infection, contact dermatitis, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, or pityriasis rosea. Clinical recognition of this newly reported summertime condition is essential for the successful management of these patients.
Megaloblastic Anaemia of Pregnancy and the Puerperium
Authors: L. S. P. Davidson, L. J. Davis, J. Innes
Journal: BMJ (1942)

Apart from the apparent anaemia caused by physiological dilution of the corpuscles resulting from increased plasma volume in pregnancy (Dieckmann and Wegner, 1934) and the hypochromic anaemia due to nutritional iron deficiency which has been shown by Davidson, Fullerton, and Camp bell (1935) to be of frequent occurrence in pregnant women of the poorer classes, it has been recognized since 1842 (Channing, 1842) that a severe anaemia of the pernicious type may complicate pregnancy. Very occasionally it is of the classical Addisonian type, having antedated the onset of pregnancy, but more often it is an anaemia closely resembling Addisonian pernicious anaemia which develops during the course of pregnancy. Osier (1919) discussed this latter condition and pointed out that it differed from Addisonian anaemia in that recovery, when it takes place, is permanent. It should be noted, however, that the num ber of cases upon which this observation was based was small and that the haematological data submitted were inadequate and unsatisfactory?for instance, two of the cases had a colour index of 0.6.
Progressive shoulder arthropathy.
Authors: W C Peh, K M Cheung
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

Accepted for publication 17 November 1994 Clinical history An 84 year old Chinese woman presented with a one year history of increasingly severe right shoulder pain, associated with joint stiffness. There were no symptoms related to the rest of the upper limb or neck. On examination, a soft tissue mass was palpable over the anterior aspect of the right shoulder. The mass measured about 6 cm in diameter, was generally illdefined, soft in consistency, non-tender and cold to touch. Right shoulder movements were severely restricted in all directions because of severe pain. The other peripheral joints had satisfactory ranges of motion. Her general condition was otherwise satisfactory, with no other systemic abnormality evident.
Phaeochromocytoma with associated somatostatin production.
Authors: A. H. Morice, J. S. Price, M. J. Ashby, M. J. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1989)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Caveolae are specialized domains of the vertebrate cell surface with a well-defined morphology and crucial roles in cell migration and mechanoprotection. Unique compositions of proteins and lipids determine membrane architectures. The precise caveolar lipid profile and the roles of the major caveolar structural proteins, caveolins and cavins, in selectively sorting lipids have not been defined. Here we used quantitative nanoscale lipid mapping together with molecular dynamic simulations to define the caveolar lipid profile. We show that caveolin1 (CAV1) and cavin1 individually sort distinct plasma membrane lipids. Intact caveolar structures composed of both CAV1 and cavin1 further generate a unique lipid nano-environment. The caveolar lipid sorting capability includes selectivities for lipid headgroups and acyl chains. Because lipid headgroup metabolism and acyl chain remodelling are tightly regulated, this selective lipid sorting may allow caveolae to act as transit hubs to direct communications among lipid metabolism, vesicular trafficking and signalling.
Effects of Calcium and Sodium on Cardiac Contractility and Heat Production in Rabbit Papillary Muscle
Authors: J. B. CHAPMAN, C. L. GIBBS, W. R. GIBSON
Journal: Circulation Research (1970)

The effects of altering the concentrations of sodium (Na + ) and calcium (Ca 2+ ) ions on the isometric energy output of rabbit papillary muscle at room temperature were examined by a myothermic technique. The well-known inotropic changes resulting from these alterations were not correlated with parallel changes in the magnitude of the tension-independent heat. Instead, the magnitude of the tension-independent heat was directly correlated with both increasing (Na + ) concentration and with increasing (Ca 2+ ) concentration, and these effects were additive. The energetics of ions pumping in cardiac muscle are discussed quantitatively and it is suggested that the combined enthalpy consumption of both the (Na + ) and the (Ca 2+ ) pumps constitutes the major determinant of cardiac tension-independent heat production.
National Eye Institute Study Under Investigation
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

ON THE HEELS of an uproar concerning the inclusion of inappropriate data in a federally funded breast cancer treatment study, two medical centers in a nationwide multicenter study of the treatment of ocular melanoma are under investigation for misrepresenting data in their study, the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS). The two institutions, out of the total of 43 participating centers, are Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Ill, and the Cleveland (Ohio) Clinic Foundation. The COMS is supported by the National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. It compares the survival of patients with choroidal melanoma treated in two different ways. Precisely what the misrepresentations amount to is unknown pending a report from the Office of Research Integrity (ORI) of the Department of Health and Human Services, which is conducting an investigation into the situation. However, the errors are believed to involve alterations in patient
Synthesis of Precordial Potentials from the SVEC III Vectorcardiographic System
Authors: ROBERT H. OKADA, PAUL H. LANGNER, STANLEY A. BRILLER
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

Precordial potentials were synthesized from the components of the SVEC III vectorcardiographic system as an application of the Becking-Burger technic for testing the validity of the single dipole concept. The data was further utilized to construct Burger image loops from living subjects. Discrepancies from pure dipole theory and from the applicability of the SVEC III system are quantified. Limitations of even a perfect vectorcardiographic lead system are defined and discussed.
Careers article on psychotherapy was not balanced
Authors: C. Maloney
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Key and Dare's article on psychotherapy failed to do justice either to an emerging medical speciality or to the broader profession of psychotherapy.1 Instead, it was an account of the relation between the conservative psychoanalytical training and the medical profession. It might more accurately have been entitled “doctors training as psychoanalysts in greater London.”

The most politically telling factor was the omission of reference to …
Abstract 1066: MicroRNA-125b mediated par2 activation-induced cell migration
Authors: LAN YANG
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Backgrounds: Tumor microenvironment plays a promoting role in cancer metastasis. As important component of the microenvironment, some proteinases regulate tumorigenesis through selective activation of proteinase activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Our previous study demonstrated that overexpression of PAR2 was significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis in colorectal cancers. Aims: To identify whether and by what mechanisms PAR2 promotes cell migration. Methods and Results: Activation of PAR2 with activating peptide (PAR2-AP, 100μM) dramatically increased cell migration in different cell lines which was measured by transwell assay. In addition, miR-125b was reduced at 6 and 12 hours, while the migration was observed at 12 hours after PAR2-AP treatment. Consistent with previous report, inhibitor of miR-125b dramatically prompted cell migration in A549 cells. To test whether the downregulation of miR-125b mediates PAR2-induced migration, miR-125b mimic was transfected into A549 cells to recover the reduction of miR-125b induced by PAR2 activation. It was showed that miR-125b mimic also successfully blocked PAR2-induced cell migration. Furthermore, pretreatment with 5-aza-CdR (5umol/L) for 24h dramatically prevented PAR2-induced downregulation of miR-125b in A549 cells. It suggests that methylation of miR125b promoter may be the mechanism by which PAR2 repressed the expression of miR-125b. On the other hand, the data showed that Lin28B was increased dramatically by miR-125b inhibitor, which indicated that Lin28B may be the downstream target gene of miR-125b in A549 cells. Most importantly, we found that upregulation of PAR2 and downregulation of miR-125b were significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis in human colorectal cancer specimens. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that activation of PAR2 promotes cell migration through miR-125b, which may contribute to PAR2-related lymphatic metastasis in CRC. Citation Format: LAN YANG. MicroRNA-125b mediated par2 activation-induced cell migration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1066. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1066
Sero-therapy—et id omne genus.
Authors: S. S. Herrick
Journal: JAMA (1896)

San Francisco, Cal., May 23, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The announcement in your issue of May 16 (quoted from<i>La Semaine Médicale</i>), of two cases of mania cured at Montpellier by injections of serum from a recovered maniac, suggests boundless expectations from sero-therapy and other new agents. It is presumptive that insanity is a germ disease, and that bacteriologists will soon differentiate its specific microörganism. At present we can only speculate whether homicidal and suicidal mania, kleptomania, pyromania, dementia, etc., are due to the same or separate microbes; but obviously one ought to choose cultures from cases resembling the particular type of insanity under treatment. We may anticipate also the early discovery that the vices of gambling, drunkenness, unchastity and mendacity (already supposed to be evidence of mental deterioration) are due to specific microbes and amenable to sero-therapy. The only difficulty would be in determining whether the supply be derived
Racial Disparities in Coronary Artery Disease Prevalence
Authors: Matthew J. Sorrentino
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 October 1993Racial Disparities in Coronary Artery Disease PrevalenceMatthew J. Sorrentino, MDMatthew J. Sorrentino, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-8-199310150-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Johnson and colleagues [1] speculate that the lower rates of coronary disease in African-Americans compared with whites may be explained by the greater use by African-Americans of emergency departments as primary care facilities. Another explanation is the higher prevalence of hypertension among African-Americans, in that patients with hypertensive heart disease may present with ischemic symptoms but not have significant coronary artery disease.In our recent study of consecutive African-American and white patients referred for coronary angiography [2], we also found a lower prevalence of coronary artery disease among African-Americans than among whites (71% compared with 84%, P ...References1. Johnson PA, Lee TH, Cook EF, Rouan GW, Goldman L. Effect of race on the presentation and management of patients with acute chest pain. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:593-601. Google Scholar2. Sorrentino MJ, Vielhauer C, Eisenbart JD, Fless GM, Scanu AM, Feldman T. Plasma lipoprotein(a) protein concentration and coronary artery disease in black patients compared with white patients. Am J Med. 1992; 93:658-62. Google Scholar3. Sorrentino MJ, Feldman T. Clinical and electrocardiographic limitations on the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction: Implications for thrombolytic therapy. J Invasive Cardiol. 1990; 2:187-92. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPredictive risk stratification using HEART (history, electrocardiogram, age, risk factors, and initial troponin) and TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) scores in non-high risk chest pain patients 15 October 1993Volume 119, Issue 8Page: 861KeywordsAngiographyCardiovascular therapyCoronary arteriesDiabetes mellitusEmergency departmentHypertensionIschemiaRacial and ethnic issuesStable coronary artery disease Issue Published: 15 October 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Rifampicin induced light chain proteinuria and renal failure.
Authors: R J Winter, R A Banks, C M Collins, B I Hoffbrand
Journal: Thorax (1984)

Light chain proteinuria is a recognised cause of renal dis- ease and renal failure.'In 1973 Graber etal described light chain proteinuria occurring in patients given rifampicin2 and there have since been two case reports of renal failure due to rifampicin induced light chain proteinuria.34We report a third case, which with that of Warrington and others3 suggests that dehydration predisposes to this rare complication of rifampicin treatment. Case reportA 57 year old man presented with a three week history of haemoptysis and weight loss of 10 kg over nine months.His serum creatinine concentration was 45 ,umoIl, blood urea 9 5 mmoVI, plasma sodium 126 mmol(mEq)/l.Plasma and urine osmolalities were 267 and 685 mmol(mosm)/kg respectively.There was no proteinuria.A chest radiograph showed bilateral abnormal shadowing and direct smears of sputum stained positively for alcohol and acid fast bacili.