tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient-Centered Medicine
Authors: Daniel S. Strouse
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Readers of the article by Drs Laine and Davidoff<sup>1</sup>may be misled as to the role of law in the development of patient-centered medicine. The article both misstates the law of informed consent and underrecognizes the importance of the doctrine. First, Laine and Davidoff write as though a "patient-oriented" standard for physician information sharing is a uniform legal norm. Under this standard, patients are entitled to such information as would be "material" to a "reasonable" patient in connection with his or her medical decision-making needs. But informed consent is a state law doctrine and is the rule in only about half the states. The other states follow a "physician-based" standard, which measures the physician's duty to disclose by the performance of a "reasonable medical practitioner" similarly situated.<sup>2</sup>The article by Laine and Davidoff fails to mention the continuing prevalence of this physician-based standard and discusses
Phosphate Depletion and Acidosis
Authors: JOHN S. RODMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1978Phosphate Depletion and AcidosisJOHN S. RODMAN, M.D.JOHN S. RODMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-1-148_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The fall in plasma bicarbonate and pH observed by Fraley and associates (1) in a patient, with short bowel syndrome and prolonged starvation, who received hyperalimentation is interesting. The inability of the kidney to correct the acidosis was ascribed to a failure to generate titratable acidity.The patient had a serum phosphorus of 2 mg/dl. Hyperalimentation, even in the presence of renal failure, will augment cellular uptake of phosphate. It is not unusual to have to give supplemental phosphate to such patients even if they are severely oliguric (2). Titratable acid is composed largely of dihydrogen phosphate...References1. FRALEYADLERBRUNSSEGAL DSFD: Metabolic acidosis after hyperalimentation with casein hydrolysate: occurrence in a starved patient. Ann Intern Med 88:352-354 LinkGoogle Scholar2. ABELBECKABBOTTRYANBARNETTFISCHER RCWJGJ: Improved survival from acute renal failure after treatment with intravenous essential L-amino acids and glucose. N Engl J Med 288:695-699, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. PITTS R: Physiology of the Kidney and Body Fluids, 3rd ed. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers Inc., 1974, p. 212 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Lenox Hill Hospital Nephrology Section Department of Medicine New York, NY 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHypophosphatemia 1 July 1978Volume 89, Issue 1Page: 148-148KeywordsBicarbonatesBlood plasmaFallsKidneysPhosphatesPhosphorusRenal failureStarvation Issue Published: 1 July 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Drugs that target dynamic microtubules: A new molecular perspective
Authors: Richard A. Stanton, Kim M. Gernert, James H. Nettles, Ritu Aneja
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2011)

Abstract Microtubules have long been considered an ideal target for anticancer drugs because of the essential role they play in mitosis, forming the dynamic spindle apparatus. As such, there is a wide variety of compounds currently in clinical use and in development that act as antimitotic agents by altering microtubule dynamics. Although these diverse molecules are known to affect microtubule dynamics upon binding to one of the three established drug domains (taxane, vinca alkaloid, or colchicine site), the exact mechanism by which each drug works is still an area of intense speculation and research. In this study, we review the effects of microtubule‐binding chemotherapeutic agents from a new perspective, considering how their mode of binding induces conformational changes and alters biological function relative to the molecular vectors of microtubule assembly or disassembly. These “biological vectors” can thus be used as a spatiotemporal context to describe molecular mechanisms by which microtubule‐targeting drugs work. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 31, No. 3, 443‐481, 2011
RAPID, DIRECT EFFECTS OF STATIN TREATMENT ON ARTERIAL REDOX STATE AND NITRIC OXIDE BIOAVAILABILITY IN HUMAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS VIA TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN-MEDIATED ENOS COUPLING
Authors: Charalambos A. Antoniades, Alexios S. Antonopoulos, Tim Van-Asche, Colin Cunnington, Dimitris Tousouslis, Costantinos Bakogiannis, Michael Demosthenous, Chandi Ratnatunga, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Keith M. Channon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
3-O-Formyl-20R,21-epoxyresibufogenin suppresses IL-6–type cytokine actions by targeting the glycoprotein 130 subunit: Potential clinical implications
Authors: Tomoshige Kino, Terrence L. Boos, Agnieszka Sulima, Elise M. Siegel, Philip W. Gold, Kenner C. Rice, George P. Chrousos
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Circulating Eosinophil Colony-Forming Cells in Pure Eosinophil Aplasia
Authors: TATSUTOSHI NAKAHATA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Using a methylcellulose clonal culture method, we found eosinophil colony-forming cells in the blood of two patients: a 46-year-old white woman with a long history of urticaria and allergic rhinitis and complete absence of eosinophils secondary to IgG-mediated and complement-mediated destruction of her eosinophils; and a white woman with a history of allergic rhinitis and asthma and a complete absence of eosinophils in her peripheral blood. Addition of the patients' plasma or IgG to cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from normal persons or the patients inhibited formation of eosinophil colonies without influencing colony formation in other hemopoietic cell lineages. In contrast, normal plasma or IgG had no effect on the formation of eosinophil colonies. That the IgG-mediated cytotoxic activity of eosinophils prevents the expression of an apparently normal eosinophilopoietic potential suggests an autoimmune basis for the eosinophil aplasia.
Selection for Surgery of Patients with Ventricular Septal Defect and Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: JAMES W. DUSHANE, JOHN W. KIRKLIN
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Estimation of pulmonary blood flow relative to systemic blood flow is a critical point in selecting patients with ventricular septal defect and severe pulmonary hypertension for operation. A detailed medical history, physical examination, thoracic roentgenograms, careful interpretation of electrocardiograms, cardiac catheterization, and biopsy of the lung provide approaches to the problem. In borderline cases, decision still may be extremely difficult. The authors usually favor operation, however, with recognition that this decision may be in error. Obviously proper evaluation for operation cannot assure uniformly good results. Method of conduct of operation, perfusion, and postoperative care determine the results.
Fc-engineered anti-CD40 antibody enhances multiple effector functions and exhibits potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity against hematologic malignancies
Authors: Holly M. Horton, Matthew J. Bernett, Matthias Peipp, Erik Pong, Sher Karki, Seung Y. Chu, John O. Richards, Hsing Chen, Roland Repp, John R. Desjarlais, Eugene A. Zhukovsky
Journal: Blood (2010)
Blunt Trauma to the Heart and Great Vessels
Authors: René Prêtre, Michael Chilcott
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

With the increase in the number of high-speed motor vehicle accidents, blunt trauma has become a major health problem. Improvements in the techniques of transporting injured patients and in the care given outside the hospital have increased the number of patients with severe injuries who reach the emergency room alive. Nevertheless, chest injuries are the cause of many deaths.13 Injury to the heart is involved in 20 percent of road-traffic deaths, and the thoracic aorta or arch vessels in 15 percent.47 In clinical series of patients with blunt trauma to the chest, the rate of cardiac injury varies . . .
Claim That Medical X-rays Caused Most US Breast Cancers Found Incredible
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

A RESPECTED authority on the biological effects of ionizing radiation has just published a book claiming that the vast majority of breast cancers in the United States were caused by the high doses of medical x-rays that women often received in the decades before the carcinogenic effects of radiation were recognized. The book, which is based on one man's study of the medical literature going back to 1910, concludes that medical x-rays are responsible for at least 62%, and probably more than 75%, of the approximately 182 000 cases of breast cancer diagnosed each year in the United States. However, the study, which has not been peer reviewed, is not persuading leading cancer and radiation experts, who say there are major problems with some of the assumptions and conclusions of its author, John W. Gofman, MD, PhD, professor emeritus of molecular and cell biology at the University of California, Berkeley.
What Is the Public’s Right to Access Medical Discoveries Based on Federally Funded Research?
Authors: Carolyn L. Treasure, Jerry Avorn, Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
B-1 Cell Development: Evidence for an Uncommitted Immunoglobulin (Ig)M+ B Cell Precursor in B-1 Cell Differentiation
Authors: Stephen H. Clarke, Larry W. Arnold
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Murine phosphatidyl choline (PtC)–specific B cells in normal mice belong exclusively to the B-1 subset. Analysis of anti-PtC (VH12 and VH12/Vκ4) transgenic (Tg) mice indicates that exclusion from B-0 (also known as B-2) occurs after immunoglobulin gene rearrangement. This predicts that PtC-specific B-0 cells are generated, but subsequently eliminated by either apoptosis or differentiation to B-1. To investigate the mechanism of exclusion, PtC-specific B cell differentiation was examined in mice expressing the X-linked immunodeficiency (xid) mutation. xid mice lack functional Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), a component of the B cell receptor signal transduction pathway, and are deficient in B-1 cell development. We find in C57BL/ 6.xid mice that VH12 pre-BII cell selection is normal and that PtC-specific B cells undergo modest clonal expansion. However, the majority of splenic PtC-specific B cells in anti-PtC Tg/xid mice are B-0, rather than B-1 as in their non-xid counterparts. These data indicate that PtC-specific B-0 cell generation precedes segregation as predicted, and that Btk function is required for efficient segregation to B-1. Since xid mice exhibit defective B cell differentiation, not programmed cell death, these data are most consistent with an inability of PtC-specific B-0 cells to convert to B-1 and a single B cell lineage.
KATP channel-dependent metaboproteome decoded: systems approaches to heart failure prediction, diagnosis, and therapy
Authors: D. K. Arrell, J. Zlatkovic Lindor, S. Yamada, A. Terzic
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

Systems biology provides an integrative platform by which to account for the biological complexity related to cardiac health and disease. In this way, consequences of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel deficiency for heart failure prediction, diagnosis, and therapy were resolved recently at a proteomic level. Under stress-free conditions, knockout of the Kir6.2 KATP channel pore induced metabolic proteome remodelling, revealing overrepresentation of markers of cardiovascular disease. Imposed stress precipitated structural and functional defects in Kir6.2-knockout hearts, decreasing survival and validating prediction of disease susceptibility. In the setting of hypertension, a leading risk for heart failure development, proteomic analysis diagnosed the metabolism-centric impact of KATP channel deficiency in disease. Bioinformatic interrogation of KATP channel-dependent proteome prioritized heart-specific adverse effects, exposing cardiomyopathic traits of aggravated contractility, fibrosis, and ventricular hypertrophy. In dilated cardiomyopathy induced by Kir6.2-knockout pressure overload, proteomic remodelling was exacerbated, underlying a multifaceted molecular pathology that indicates the necessity for a broad-based strategy to achieve repair. Embryonic stem cell intervention in cardiomyopathic KATP channel knockout hearts elicited a distinct proteome signature that forecast amelioration of adverse cardiac outcomes. Functional/structural measurements validated improved contractile performance, reduced ventricular size, and decreased cardiac damage in the treated cohort, while systems assessment unmasked cardiovascular development as a prioritized biological function in stem cell-reconstructed hearts. Thus, proteomic deconvolution of KATP channel-deficient hearts provides definitive evidence for the channel's homeostatic contribution to the cardiac metaboproteome and establishes the utility of systems-oriented approaches to predict disease susceptibility, diagnose consequences of heart failure progression, and monitor therapy outcome.
The Colchicine Debacle
Authors: B. Joseph Guglielmo
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Letter: Screening for hypertension.
Authors: D Short
Journal: BMJ (1974)

different (t = 163, P = 0 20) and breast and bottle feeding were equally distributed between the two groups x2 = 0 054; N.S.).Though the mean duration of infusion of oxytocin in group 1 (10-8 ± 8-7 hr) was greater than in group 2 (8 0 ± 7-1 hr) the difference was not statistically significant (t = 1 49, P = 0-14).We agree with Dr. B. Alderman and Professor J. M. Beazley (7 September, p. 624) that the first and sixth days are not ideal times to detect peak neonatal bilirubin levels.However, as we pointed out in our paper, the sixth day was a time at which blood was already being taken routinely for amino-acid screening and this timing of samples avoided exposing the infants to additional blood-letting.Though the re- corded peak values in our data may be lower for this reason, any increase in neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia should still be reflected in a higher mean value on the sixth day.-We are, etc.,
IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES IN HUMAN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Charles H. Kirkpatrick, W. E. C. Wilson, David W. Talmage
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Twenty-eight patients with chronic renal diseases and uremia were investigated with respect to their cutaneous responsiveness to a panel of antigens expected to elicit immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Compared to a control group, there was a marked decrease in the incidence of responses of both types. Eighteen patients received renal allografts from members of the control group and were available for restudy in the postoperative period prior to the institution of adrenal steroid therapy. Each recipient acquired delayed responsiveness with specificity identical with that of the kidney donor. The donor group was reactive to 49 antigens to which the recipients were non-reactive preoperatively. Postoperatively, 40 of these reactivities were observed in the recipients. This successful demonstration of the transfer of immunologically competent tissue in association with renal transplantation indicates that the cause of depressed cutaneous hypersensitivity in uremia is not an inability of the skin per se to react.
Abstract 2679: Color-coded selective chemotherapy of methioninase-synchronized S-phase cancer cells expressing cell-cycle-specific fluorescent reporters: A general approach to the treatment of cancer
Authors: Shuya Yano, Shukuan Li, Qinghong Han, Yuying Tan, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cancer cells of all types have a generally elevated requirement for methionine compared to normal cells. This phenomenon is termed methionine-dependence and may be due to excessive methylation reactions in cancer cells, since methionine is the global source of cellular methyl groups. Deprivation of methionine α,β lyase (methioninase or METase) selectively arrests cancer cells during late S-phase, where they are highly sensitive to chemotherapy drugs which damage DNA. Cancer cells, transformed to express different color fluorescent reporters during specific phases of the cell cycle (fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator [FUCCI]), were used to monitor the onset of the S-phase block due to methionine deprivation effected by METase. The S-phase-blocked cancer cells fluoresced yellow or green, in contrast to cancer cells in G1 which fluoresced red. Cancer cells, synchronously blocked in S-phase by METase and identified by their yellow-green fluorescence, were administered chemotherapy drugs which interact with DNA or block DNA synthesis such as doxorubicin, cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil. We have termed this strategy color-coded chemotherapy. The procedure was highly effective against the cancer cells. In contrast, treatment of cancer cells with drugs only, and without methioninase-effected S-phase synchrony, led to the majority of the cancer cell population being blocked in G phase (red fluorescent) where they were resistant to the drugs. The selective anticancer strategy and technology described in this report, whereby cancer cells are selectively and synchronously blocked in S-phase in the most drug-sensitive phase of the cell cycle where they are identified by fluorescent reporters and then treated with S-phase-specific-drugs, should be a general approach to the treatment of cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2679. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2679
Studies of the hepatic excretory defects in essential fatty acid deficiency. Their possible relationship to the genesis of cholesterol gallstones.
Authors: I J Sarfeh, D A Beeler, D H Treble, J A Balint
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Male hamsters were fed normal and essential fatty acid (EFA)-deficient diets for at least 12 wk before bile duct cannulation. With [32P]phosphate, hepatic synthesis of lecithin was similar, but biliary excretion of newly synthesized lecithin was significantly reduced in EFA-deficient compared to that in normal hamsters. Hepatic uptake of intravenously infused taurocholate (TC) and taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC) were similar in both groups of animals. However, biliary excretion of intravenously infused TC was significantly reduced in EFA-deficient hamsters, whereas that of TCDC-was unchanged. The absolute rate of biliary cholesterol excretion was similar in both groups. Canalicular bile flow, as measured by [14C]erythritol clearance after functional nephrectomy, was significantly lower, with both the bile salt-dependent and independent fractions of this flow being diminished in EFA-deficient hamsters infused with TC. It is concluded that EFA deficiency leads to impaired biliary excretion of taurocholate, lecithin, and water, while cholesterol transport is unaffected, and thus results in supersaturation of bile with respect to cholesterol and production of lithogenic bile.
Should pilots still fly after 60?
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a cockpit controversy on its hands. An agency rule prohibiting persons who are 60 years of age or older from serving as airline pilots has been in effect since 1960. Now the rule is coming under fire from Congress and the courts as being discriminatory. To try to resolve the question, the FAA has impaneled a group of experts from medicine and other disciplines to review what the scientific literature has to say about older pilots and safety. The panel, which meets in Denver in October, also will gather data on: Physiological and psychological changes in the aging process that might have subtle effects on pilot performance, how these might be identified, and what effect combinations of such changes might have. Any medical problems that should be watched for in older fliers. How, if the age-60 rule is held invalid, to predict a pilot's
106 Ischemic preconditioning in adult living donor liver transplantation, a pilot study
Authors: E. Bombuy, C. Fondevila, G. Rodriguez-Laiz, J. Ferrer, A. Amador, M. Valentini, R. Deulofeu, R. Charco, J. Fuster, J.C. Garcia-Valdecasas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)