tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A study of renal disease in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A.V Camp, A.G Mowat, W.B Fletcher, M.S Dunnill, A.G McIver
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

pathy (Burry, 1971), but it has been suggested that there may be a specific renal lesion in rheumatoid disease.Accordingly, thirty unselected patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis were studied by a variety of copyright.
Clinical Implications of Isopotential Surface Maps
Authors: MADISON S. SPACH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Body surface isopotential surface maps are related to electrical events within the heart. The conventional electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram were compared with the total body potential distribution as depicted by isopotential surface maps by using a normal child and a patient with mild right ventricular hypertrophy (secundum atrial defect). During the latter half of QRS the surface maps were different between the normal and abnormal, although the vectorcardiographic curves were similar. Useful clinical information is present on the body surface that is not evident in vectorcardiogram. In some situations the reduction of information to an instantaneous vector may not only miss information but may provide an erroneous interpretation of events most likely occurring within the heart.
Musicians and Their Conditions: Pros and Cons-Reply
Authors: Howard Levine
Journal: JAMA (1985)

ABSTRACT In Reply.— In the evaluation of the young trumpet player shown in the photograph in the article in the MEDICAL NEWS section of JAMA, we did consider Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. This individual was seen by one of our rheumatologists with this in mind. While this individual did have hyperextensive joints, there was no other evidence of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Specifically, none of the skin changes, blood vessel changes, or facies were present. There was also no family history, as best we could tell, of this disorder. The skeletal changes, dentition changes, and gastrointestinal findings that have been described were not found in this individual.
The impact of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy on survival in autosomal-dominant arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVD5)
Authors: Kathy A. Hodgkinson, Patrick S. Parfrey, Anne S. Bassett, Christine Kupprion, Jörg Drenckhahn, Mark W. Norman, Ludwig Thierfelder, Susan N. Stuckless, Elizabeth L. Dicks, William J. McKenna, Sean P. Connors
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
The next best thing
Authors: Douglas Kamerow
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Medicine and public health are always looking ahead. The problem is trying to figure out when something new is better and not just novel. 

With an ageing population comes an increased incidence of macular degeneration, which can cause severe visual impairment. Usha Chakravarthy and Jennifer Lim discuss new, expensive drugs—growth factor inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies—that inhibit the development of macular degeneration. Their editorial (doi: 10.1136/bmj.39100.460671.BE) briefly reviews research that has established that these …
Pregnancies After Surgical Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: James H. Ralstin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A PATIENT had successful correction of the tetralogy of Fallot and then had five pregnancies without incident. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 34-year-old housewife was first noted to have decreased exercise tolerance, exertional squatting, and cyanosis at the age of 2 years, when she began walking. By 6 years of age, her symptoms were severe, and at the age of 10 years her education was terminated because she was unable to climb stairs at school. She remained sedentary at home until her late teens, when her condition had improved enough for her to work part-time as a waitress. At the age of 23, she was admitted to the University of Kansas Medical Center because of progressively decreasing exercise tolerance. She was 157 cm tall, and weighed 60 kg. She was cyanotic and had clubbing of fingers and toes. A grade III/IV pulmonary systolic ejection murmur and only an aortic component
Multifactorial Etiology of Disease-Reply
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> It was Thomas Lewis, not I, who voiced the hope of finding a single cause for each deadly disease. Those who share this hope would not be daunted by Dr Coulehan's example of multifactoriality. Admittedly, more than one factor is responsible for tuberculous disease, but only one specific factor is indispensable. Without the tubercle bacillus there can be no tuberculosis. Dr Coulehan is right about the breakdown of causality in the realm of elementary particles. My reference to the "central doctrine of the laws of physics" would have been more appropriate for JAMA 75 YEARS AGO.
Abstract 5002: Modulation of E-cadherin transcription mediated by nuclear localization of ABCG2
Authors: Shu-Ching Liang, Chih-Yung Yang, Chi-Hung Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is a member of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family. Functional overexpression of ABCG2 at plasma membrane in variety of human cancers contributes to multidrug resistance during chemotherapy. Furthermore, previous studies also demonstrate ABCG2 can localize to the intracellular compartments for efflux of its substrates. In addition, ABCG2 is responsible for Hoechst dye efflux pattern and confers the SP cell phenotype in various organs, and to play a role in protecting hematopoietic stem cells. In this study, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and cellular fractionation showed endogenous ABCG2 localized at nucleus. Thus, we hypothesis the nuclear localization of ABCG2 may play a novel role in stemness-related gene regulation. We established ABCG2 overexpression and knockdown stable cell line by lentivirus infections and performed RNA microarray analysis in A549 cells to elucidate the effect of ABCG2 expression. We reported that ABCG2 can shuttle into the nucleus and bind to E-cadherin promoter, and then regulate E-cadherin expression in lung cancer cells. In addition, ABCG2 was able to affect cell migration and colony formation. These results demonstrated the ABCG2 adds further complexity to play a pivotal role in E-cadherin transcriptional regulation and subsequence decrease cell motility. Citation Format: Shu-Ching Liang, Chih-Yung Yang, Chi-Hung Lin. Modulation of E-cadherin transcription mediated by nuclear localization of ABCG2. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5002. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5002
The Invasive Enema
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1975)

"Who is it, friend or enema?"—a stale pun with which a patient supposedly greeted a hospital orderly—hardly elevates puns from their assigned low rank in the humor hierarchy. It does, however, have a ring of truth. There are occasions when an enema may become an enemy. It can cause untoward complications, even endanger health. Aside from occasional reactions caused by medicated or hypertonic enemas in the elderly and the debilitated, and transient bacteremias, which are of little clinical importance, most complications are associated with the barium enema. The best known of these complications is perforation of the bowel, which may be complete or partial. The former usually occurs during a preoperative cleansing enema or during a barium-enema study. The perforation site may be as high as 5 cm (2 inches) above the appendix.<sup>1</sup> Incomplete perforations occur when a mucosal rupture allows barium to dissect into the bowel wall. In
Topical Steroid Atrophy: "A Disappearing Digit"
Authors: M. H. Tanenbaum
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Topical corticosteroids are widely used in skin diseases, and the roster of changes they suppress is extensive. The changes they provoke are rather few but they may cause acneiform eruption, itching, irritation, hypertrichosis, burning sensation, striae, dryness, folliculitis, secondary bacterial infection, hypopigmentation, atrophy, maceration, or miliaria. Occlusive dressings with topical steroids may accentuate the above problems. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> This 14-year-old boy appeared in April 1969, with a red, moist, macerated dermatitis of the distal phalanx of the left index finger, present for five months. For cosmetic reasons, he had kept the area covered almost continuously with a "Band-aid." Skin scrapings and culture for fungi were negative. The lesion was treated with full strength flurandrenolide ointment, but was improved in July. Fluocinolone acetonide cream,.2% three times a day, with Saran Wrap occlusion overnight was then prescribed. The next month the dermatitis was gone, and so was
OBSERVATIONS ON AN INFANT FED WITH BARLEY WATER AND COW'S MILK
Authors: R. C. Verley
Journal: BMJ (1912)

fiz NTuBarnno 83s 13 1-111.EICLJUN3 same.At 6 p.m. his temperature had goone up to 1M,; the abdomen was more distended and tender, and rigid over the lower part.Turpentine stupes were ordered, and at 8 p.m. he seemed much relieved.The next morning (February 8th) the temperature was 990, aind the abldominal symptoms less marked, but by now a hard substance could be felt in the left iliac fossa, and also a similar mass but not so large in the right iliac fossa.The stools were inothing uinusual, tongue slightly furred.At 6 p.m. his tempera- ture was 1000, pulse 132, respirations 20, and the abdomeil was again distenided, and rigid over the lower part and v-ery teiiler.Turpentine stupes were ordered every four hours: Februarv 9th.The patient's temnperature thia morning is normal, buit his pulse is 120, the abdomen is much less distended Iut still rigid over the lower part, bowels open twice (luring the ii£glIt, but nothing unusual detected.A bard mass cal still be felt on the left side of the lower part of tlle abdomen.1 eb'ruary 10th.The patient is piuchl the same, l)owels open, a Jard mass cani still be felt in the left iliac fossa.Calomel gr.vi ordered.February 13th.The patient is much the same, no chlange.Februiary 15th.The patieilt still remains about the same.- The-stools are now offensive, liquid, anid of a dirty brownislh colour, an(d -very acid in reaction.The abdomen is a little (listenlded and rigid, and somewhat tender.Mass still felt on left side.February 18thf.The patient is worse, very weak.He lhas now ilncontinL.ence of urine and.faeces.February 21st.Thepatient is sinking, pulse is extremely wealk.Ilcontinenice, very emaciated.Sordes oni lips and( teethl.He lhas a peculiay browniish mottling of the abdomeii, and a very curious but not unpleasant odour emanates from the surface of the body.The hard mass (? foreign bodly) canl stillbe felt .in the right,iliac fossa.Feblruary 22nd.The patient is rapidly.sinking; tile tempera- ture is subnormal.-He pa:ssed a shirt-button with a small piece of shirt attached late last night.The button was quite black, and ha(l evidently been in the-intestines soie time.Still has inicontinence, and the mottling is now general ot-er the body and limbs.He (lied at 2.30 p.m.
A VENOCLYSIS UNIT RESISTANT TO FREEZING
Authors: A. C. Ivy
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Fluids for venoclysis are now dispensed in glassware, which will fracture when handled roughly or when the contents are frozen. It was deemed advisable, for reasons unnecessary to record here, to have a venoclysis unit devoid of these objections. Distilled water and various solutions for intravenous use may be packed in properly fabricated enamel lined tin cans. However, the solutions are not readily evacuated from the cans without risk of contamination, and the duration of the reliability of solutions so packed is relatively short because corrosion cannot be prevented to an extent that renders the method free from danger. To obviate these difficulties, it was necessary to find a unit which was resistant to corrosion and which could be placed in a can. Various types of rubber bags and plastics were first employed, but when the package, packed under vacuum, was sterilized the solutions became contaminated, as evidenced by the
893. Second Generation Gene Therapy Vector for Classical Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis
Authors: Mario A. Cabrera-Salazar, Bradley L. Hodges, Nelson S. Yew, Jie Bu, Jonathan A. Fidler, Eric M. Roskelley, Ronald K. Scheule, David E. Sleat, Peter Lobel, Seng H. Cheng, Marco A. Passini
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Classical late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (cLINCL) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results from the loss of tripeptidyl peptidase I (TPP1) enzyme activity. Patients with cLINCL possess seizures that are frequently associated with blindness, exhibit cognitive and behavioral deficits that are progressive, and death by 7–20 years of age. Accumulation of autofluorescent storage material is a cardinal feature of the disease, as well as axonal degeneration and loss of cortical neurons. A recent study by our group in a knockout mouse model of cLINCL showed that recombinant AAV2 or AAV5 significantly reduced autofluorescent storage and curvilinear bodies in cells of the brain. Reversal of pathology was restricted to injected and nearby structures at a dose of 2.0 e11 genome copies (gc)/ml. To further evaluate AAV gene therapy, a codon-optimized synthetic human CLN2 cDNA was engineered, packaged into AAV1 capsids (AAV1-hCLN2), concentrated to a high titer (3.3 e12 gc/ml), and injected into the CLN2 (−/−) thalamus of one hemisphere. At 1 month post-injection, brain homogenates of the injection site contained TTP1 enzyme activity that was 15-fold higher than corresponding regions of untreated CLN2 (+/+) mice. TPP1 activity was also observed in the rostral and caudal regions of injected hemisphere, and in the contralateral hemisphere at levels 2-fold higher than CLN2 (+/+) controls. These data demonstrate that the AAV1 vector is capable of producing widespread and high levels of TPP1 activity in vivo. A cohort of 4-week old CLN2 (−/−) mice were then injected with AAV1-hCLN2 into multiple structures of the right (striatum, hippocampus, cerebellum) and left (motor cortex, thalamus, medulla) hemispheres to investigate global reversal of pathology, functional recovery, and extension of lifespan. The results of this experiment including behavioral testing and survival data will be presented.
Prediction of Survival and Cancer Recurrence Using Metabolic Volumetric Parameters Measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients With Surgically Resected Rectal Cancer
Authors: Hong Jae Jo, Seong-Jang Kim, Hyo Young Lee, In Joo Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Objective The goal of the present study was to determine whether the volumetric parameters such as metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT could be used as prognostic factors for the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with surgically resected rectal cancer. Patients and Methods A retrospective review identified 73 patients with surgically resected rectal cancer who received 18F-FDG PET/CT. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and survival curves stratified by age, sex, lymph node status, surgical resection margin, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, and volumetric parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT were generated for the estimation of OS and RFS. Independent predictive factors for survival were determined using Cox proportional hazards model. Results High MTV, high TLG, advanced AJCC stage, lymph node (+), and surgical margin (+) group showed shorter OS in rectal cancer patients. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that only surgical margin (+) was associated with poor OS. The early AJCC stage, lower MTV, and lower TLG were associated with better RFS in the current study. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis reveals that the surgical margin (+) was the potent predictor of OS. However, none of the factors was associated with RFS. Conclusions In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that volumetric parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT could be significant prognostic factors in surgically resected rectal cancer.
Evaluation of tickborne encephalitis case classification in Poland
Authors: P Stefanoff, M Eidson, D L Morse, A Zielinski
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Central European tickborne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral disease of the central nervous system. Despite a surveillance system for TBE existing in Poland since 1970, there are no standardised case definitions and different diagnostic tests are used in various regions. The purpose of this study was to summarise four years of surveillance data using standardised case definitions. From 1999 to 2002, 607 cases of TBE were reported to Poland’s national surveillance system: 386 (63.6%) were males, 331 (54.5%) lived in rural areas, and 186 (30.6%) were between 30 and 50 years old. Of 606 diagnosed cases, 453 (74.7%) had aseptic meningitis, 109 (18.0%) had meningoencephalitis, and 44 (7.3%) had meningoencephalomyelitis. Of the 607 reported cases, 602 (99.2%) could be classified: 153 (25.4%) as confirmed, 343 (57.0%) as probable, and 106 (17.6%) as possible cases. There was a significant difference in classified cases by gender: 28.6% of male cases were classified as confirmed, compared with 19.7% of female cases (chi2= 10.48, p=0.0053). There was a significant difference in case classification by clinical diagnosis: 32.4% of cases with meningoencephalitis were classified as confirmed cases, compared with 24.7% of cases with aseptic meningitis (chi2=11.79, p=0.019). There were also significant differences in the distribution by case definition group across geographical regions. For appropriate monitoring of TBE, a uniform and valid case definition should be used in European countries. With only 25% of reported cases meeting the definition for confirmed cases, there is a need for more complete follow-up and standardised testing of suspect cases.
Intramural gastric lesion with sudden abdominal pain
Authors: B. Felson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>History</h3> A 22-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a history of sudden onset of severe, unrelenting epigastric pain associated with nausea and vomiting of eight hours' duration. Hematemesis, melena, and changes in bowel habits were all denied. He had had no previous abdominal complaints and gave no history of trauma. Physical examination disclosed diffuse upper abdominal tenderness with a questionable epigastric mass. One piece of information is being withheld. An upper gastrointestinal series was performed (Fig 1). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Intramural gastric hematoma in a hemophiliac. <h3>Comment</h3> The roentgenogram (Fig 1) shows a 12X6-cm mass projecting into the lumen of the stomach from the greater curvature. The surface of the mass appears slightly irregular, and its junction with the greater curvature is not sharp but slightly undercut. The clinical information withheld was that the patient was a known hemophiliac who had had previous hemarthroses and one episode of retroperitoneal bleeding.
Orthopaedic waiting lists
Authors: J C Griffiths
Journal: BMJ (1981)

<h3>Background:</h3> In medical and surgical departments around the world, morbidity and mortality conferences (MMC) serve dual roles: they are cornerstones of quality-improvement programs and provide timely opportunities for education within the urgent context of clinical care. Despite the widespread adoption of MMCs, adverse events and preventable errors remain high or incompletely characterized, and opportunities to learn from and adjust to these events are frequently lost. This review examines the published literature on strategies to improve surgical MMCs. <h3>Methods:</h3> We searched OVID Medline, PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL. We defined our combination of search terms using a PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) model, focusing on the use of MMCs in general surgery. <h3>Results:</h3> The MMC literature focused on 5 themes: educational value, error analysis, case selection and representation, attendance and dissemination. Strategies used to increase educational value included limiting case presentation time to 15–20 minutes, mandatory brief literature reviews, increasing audience interaction, and standardizing presentations using a PowerPoint template or SBAR (situation, background, assessment, recommendation) format. Interventions to improve error analysis included focused discussion on causative factors and taxonomic error analysis. Case selection was improved by using an electronic clinical registry, such as the National Surgery Quality Improvement Program, to better capture incidence of morbidity and mortality. Attendance was improved with teleconferencing. Dissemination strategies included MMC newsletters, incorporating MMCs into plan-do-check-act cycles, and surgeon report cards. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Greater standardization of best practices may increase the quality improvement and educational impact of MMCs and provide a baseline to measure the effect of new MMC format innovations on the clinical and educational performance of surgical systems.
Scleroderma After Silicone Augmentation Mammoplasty-Reply
Authors: Harry Spiera
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> I appreciate the comments by Drs Brody and Wexler. The existence of human adjuvant disease certainly is controversial, and at this time a causal relationship between silicone implants and connective-tissue disease is unproved. The fact is, however, that five of 113 patients who had silicone implants developed scleroderma. This observation is irrefutable and is an extension of observations made previously. If a patient who had an implant developed scleroderma or another connective-tissue disease he normally would see his primary care physician, dermatologist, or rheumatologist. It is unlikely that plastic surgeons such as Drs Brody and Wexler would see these patients. In response to Dr Brody, I have not detected any referral bias of breast implant patients with scleroderma in my practice. I certainly see many more patients with rheumatold arthritis, systemic lupus, polymyositis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and other rheumatologic illnesses, and in these patients the frequency of previous
HOW TREATMENT CHANGES SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Seiichi Taniai, Toru Satoh, Masaharu Kataoka, Takashi Kawakami, Yuichi Tamura, Takanori Ikeda, Konomi Sakata, Hideaki Yoshino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Production and role of interleukin-10 in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice
Authors: H Louis, O Le Moine, M Peny, E Quertinmont, D Fokan, M Goldman, J Deviere
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Experimental T-cell-mediated hepatitis induced by concanavalin A (Con A) involves the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Because interleukin (IL)-10 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine derived from macrophages and T cells and is produced within the liver, we investigated the role of IL-10 in modulating the hepatotoxicity and the secretion of cytokines following in vivo injection of Con A. IL-10 is produced early in the serum after Con A challenge. Neutralization of endogenous IL-10 by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) increases the secretion of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (+111%), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (+92%), and IL-12 (+730%) 8 hours after Con A injection, and increases the hepatotoxicity, assessed by serum alanine transaminase (ALT) (+174%) measurement and by histology, 24 hours after induction of hepatitis. Conversely, preadministration of recombinant IL-10 reduces the production of these proinflammatory cytokines (-47%, -80%, and -47% for TNF-α, IL-12, and IFN-γ, respectively), and decreases neutrophil infiltration and ALT serum concentration (-74%) 8 hours after Con A challenge. We conclude that IL-10, either endogenously produced or exogenously added, has a hepatoprotective role in Con A-induced hepatitis, through its suppressive property on proinflammatory cytokine production, and that it might be of therapeutic relevance in human liver diseases involving activated T cells.