tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Ulcer in Haematemesis
Authors: E. H. Cluer
Journal: BMJ (1946)

urine is in keeping with the inverted day/night ratio for urine output.Why the highest specific gravity urine was passed during the day and the lowest at night remains obscure, but the cause is probably the same as for the daytime oliguria and nocturnal diuresis.SummaryA case of pituitary hypothyroidism with impaired renal function due to a penetrating wound of the brain is here reported.The renal abnormality consisted of a diminished urea clearance and an inverted day/night ratio for urine specific gravity and urine output.Discussion was devoted to the abnormal renal function, which was considered to be partly due to hormonal dysfunction and partly dependent upon change of posture.
Evolutionary Conservation of UTR Intron Boundaries in Cryptococcus
Authors: Scott William Roy, David Penny, Daniel E. Neafsey
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Despite significant progress, the general functional and evolutionary significance of the untranslated regions (UTRs) of eukaryotic transcripts remain mysterious. Particularly mysterious is the common occurrence of spliceosomal introns in transcript UTRs because UTR splicing is not necessary for restoration of transcript coding sequence. In general, it is not known to what extent such splicing performs an important function or merely represents spliceosomal "noise." We conducted the first analysis of evolutionary conservation of UTR splicing. Among 4 species from Cryptococcus neoformans species complex, we find high levels of conservation of UTR intron boundary sequences, strongly suggesting that UTR intron splicing is conserved by purifying selection. We estimate that 50-90% of splice boundaries are maintained by selection. Donor site sequences are more highly conserved than acceptor sequences, and splicing boundaries are more conserved in 5' UTRs than in 3' UTRs. In addition, we report a variety of differences between patterns of UTR splicing in Cryptococcus and corresponding patterns in animals and plants. These results focus attention on the functional roles of eukaryotic UTRs and deepen the mystery of UTR intron splicing.
945-67 Diagnostic Significance of Exercise-induced ST-Segment Depression in the Lateral Limb Leads
Authors: Taishiro Chikamori, Takashi Furuno, Jun Takata, Hiromi Seo, Fumiyasu Yamasaki, Toshikazu Yabe, Yoshihisa Matsumura, Hiroaki Kitaoka, Yoshinori Doi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
CD: Medical Retina CD Rom
Authors: H. M A Towler
Journal: BMJ (2000)

N H Victor Chong, Susan M Downes, et al BMJ Books, £116.33 ISBN 0727912739 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Opening a new medical CD Rom is an exciting and slightly daunting experience. The slim silver disk emerging from the case might contain the equivalent of an Encyclopaedia Britannica or merely represent a small handbook. You hope that you will be able to navigate around the program without having to ask your children or computer literate colleagues for help, and that your PC will have enough horsepower to browse the CD … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Pancreatic Pseudocyst and Pancreatico-duodenal Fistula Diagnosed by Endoscopic Fistulography
Authors: G. Hoff, J. Heldaas
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

To our knowledge, primary endoscopic diagnosis of pancreaticoduodenal fistulae has not so far been reported. The diagnosis is often made radiographically at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We report one such case, in which a barium meal x-ray suggested duodenal ulceration, and the endoscopic findings suggested a duodenal diverticulum, the bottom of which could not be clearly defined. Instillation of contrast medium revealed the true fistulous nature of the diverticulum-like defect in the duodenal wall. This patient also had a pancreatic pseudocyst communicating with the fistula through the caudal part of the pancreatic duct, visualized during endoscopic fistulography. The patient did well on conservative treatment without surgical intervention.
The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib affects osteoblast differentiation in vitro and in vivo in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Nicola Giuliani, Francesca Morandi, Sara Tagliaferri, Mirca Lazzaretti, Sabrina Bonomini, Monica Crugnola, Cristina Mancini, Eugenia Martella, Luca Ferrari, Antonio Tabilio, Vittorio Rizzoli
Journal: Blood (2007)
Synchronous Ileocecal Neuroendocrine Tumor and Carotid Chemodectoma
Authors: Christian Wisotzki, Frank Jacobsen, Johannes Salamon, Thorsten Derlin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report a case of carotid chemodectoma diagnosed by 111In pentetreotide SPECT/CT. A 72-year-old woman with an ileocecal neuroendocrine tumor underwent whole-body 111In pentetreotide scintigraphy for exclusion of distant metastases. Planar scintigraphy demonstrated marked tracer uptake in the ileocecal region and intense focal tracer accumulation within the neck. SPECT/CT demonstrated a space-occupying lesion at the carotid bifurcation. Histopathological evaluation revealed carotid chemodectoma. SPECT/CT is a valuable tool for the evaluation and precise anatomical localization of tracer uptake. In addition, other benign or malignant pathologies accumulating 111In pentetreotide may mimic neuroendocrine tumor metastases and should be considered particularly in unusual localizations.
Can Rituximab Change the Usually Dismal Prognosis of Patients With Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma?
Authors: Andrés J.M. Ferreri, Giuseppina P. Dognini, Silvia Govi, Roberto Crocchiolo, Maria Bouzani, Claudia R. Bollinger, Michel D'Incan, Emmanuel Delaporte, Mehdi Hamadani, Fabrice Jardin, Magdalena Martusewicz-Boros, Mauro Montanari, Arpad Szomor, Emanuele Zucca, Franco Cavalli, Maurilio Ponzoni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)
Small-molecule XIAP antagonist restores caspase-9–mediated apoptosis in XIAP-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells
Authors: Saskia A. G. M. Cillessen, John C. Reed, Kate Welsh, Clemencia Pinilla, Richard Houghten, Erik Hooijberg, José Deurhof, Kitty C. M. Castricum, Pim Kortman, Corine J. Hess, Gert J. Ossenkoppele, Chris J. L. M. Meijer, Joost J. Oudejans
Journal: Blood (2007)
Intraabdominal Abscess after Acupuncture
Authors: Rodney C Studd, Peter J Stewart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A 64-year-old Korean woman had a four-week history of dull pain in the lower abdomen that was worse on movement; she had no gastrointestinal or urogenital symptoms. The previous year, the patient had regularly undergone abdominal acupuncture with the use of gold-tipped needles to treat dyspeptic epigastric pain. The last treatment was two weeks before presentation. In the two days before presentation, the pain had worsened and localized in the suprapubic region. On examination, the patient's temperature was 37.6°C and her abdomen was tender in the suprapubic region. The white-cell count was 15,800 per cubic millimeter. A plain abdominal film . . .
Leptin regulates glutamate and glucose transporters in hypothalamic astrocytes
Authors: Esther Fuente-Martín, Cristina García-Cáceres, Miriam Granado, María L. de Ceballos, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Garrido, Beatrix Sarman, Zhong-Wu Liu, Marcelo O. Dietrich, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Pilar Argente-Arizón, Francisca Díaz, Jesús Argente, Tamas L. Horvath, Julie A. Chowen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Glial cells perform critical functions that alter the metabolism and activity of neurons, and there is increasing interest in their role in appetite and energy balance. Leptin, a key regulator of appetite and metabolism, has previously been reported to influence glial structural proteins and morphology. Here, we demonstrate that metabolic status and leptin also modify astrocyte-specific glutamate and glucose transporters, indicating that metabolic signals influence synaptic efficacy and glucose uptake and, ultimately, neuronal function. We found that basal and glucose-stimulated electrical activity of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in mice were altered in the offspring of mothers fed a high-fat diet. In adulthood, increased body weight and fasting also altered the expression of glucose and glutamate transporters. These results demonstrate that whole-organism metabolism alters hypothalamic glial cell activity and suggest that these cells play an important role in the pathology of obesity.
Reduced expression of antimicrobial <scp>PLUNC</scp> proteins in nasal polyp tissues of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: S. Seshadri, D. C. Lin, M. Rosati, R. G. Carter, J. E. Norton, L. Suh, A. Kato, R. K. Chandra, K. E. Harris, H. W. Chu, A. T. Peters, B. K. Tan, D. B. Conley, L. C. Grammer, R. C. Kern, R. P. Schleimer
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background Chronic rhinosinusitis ( CRS ) is a disease characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. This inflammation may result in part from decreased epithelial barrier and innate immune responses, leading to frequent bacterial and fungal colonization. The objectives of this study were to investigate the expression of innate immune proteins of the palate lung and nasal epithelium clone ( PLUNC ) family in patients with CRS . Methods Nasal tissue samples were collected from control subjects and CRS patients with and without nasal polyps. Expression of the members of the PLUNC family was analyzed by real‐time PCR . Expression of SPLUNC 1 and LPLUNC 2 proteins was analyzed by ELISA , immunoblot, and immunohistochemical analysis. Results Levels of mRNA for most of the members of the PLUNC family were profoundly reduced in nasal polyps ( NP s) compared to uncinate tissue from control subjects or patients with CRS . LPLUNC 2 and SPLUNC 1 proteins were decreased in NP s of patients with CRS compared to uncinate tissue from control subjects. Immunohistochemical data revealed that within submucosal glands of sinonasal tissues, SPLUNC 1 and LPLUNC 2 were differentially expressed, in serous and mucous cells, respectively. The decrease in the expression of these molecules is probably explained by a decrease in the number of glands in NP s as revealed by correlations with levels of the glandular marker lactoferrin. Conclusions Decreased SPLUNC 1 and LPLUNC 2 in NP s reflect a profound decrease in the number of submucosal glands. Decreased glands may lead to a localized defect in the production and release of glandular innate defense molecules.
Evolution of Cyclin B3 Shows an Abrupt Three-Fold Size Increase, due to the Extension of a Single Exon in Placental Mammals, Allowing for New Protein–Protein Interactions
Authors: Jean-Claude Lozano, Valérie Vergé, Philippe Schatt, Jennifer L. Juengel, Gérard Peaucellier
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2012)

Cyclin B3 evolution has the unique peculiarity of an abrupt 3-fold increase of the protein size in the mammalian lineage due to the extension of a single exon. We have analyzed the evolution of the gene to define the modalities of this event and the possible consequences on the function of the protein. Database searches can trace the appearance of the gene to the origin of metazoans. Most introns were already present in early metazoans, and the intron–exon structure as well as the protein size were fairly conserved in invertebrates and nonmammalian vertebrates. Although intron gains are considered as rare events, we identified two cases, one at the prochordate–chordate transition and one in murids, resulting from different mechanisms. At the emergence of mammals, the gene was relocated from chromosome 6 of platypus to the X chromosome in marsupials, but the exon extension occurred only in placental mammals. A repetitive structure of 18 amino acids, of uncertain origin, is detectable in the 3,000-nt mammalian exon-encoded sequence, suggesting an extension by multiple internal duplications, some of which are still detectable in the primate lineage. Structure prediction programs suggest that the repetitive structure has no associated three-dimensional structure but rather a tendency for disorder. Splice variant isoforms were detected in several mammalian species but without conserved pattern, notably excluding the constant coexistence of premammalian-like transcripts, without the extension. The yeast two-hybrid method revealed that, in human, the extension allowed new interactions with ten unrelated proteins, most of them with specific three-dimensional structures involved in protein–protein interactions, and some highly expressed in testis, as is cyclin B3. The interactions with activator of cAMP-responsive element modulator in testis (ACT), germ cell-less homolog 1, and chromosome 1 open reading frame 14 remain to be verified in vivo since they may not be expressed at the same stages of spermatogenesis as cyclin B3.
Histological changes in HCV antibody-positive, HCV RNA-negative subjects suggest persistent virus infection
Authors: Matthew Hoare, William T. H. Gelson, Simon M. Rushbrook, Martin D. Curran, Tracy Woodall, Nicholas Coleman, Susan E. Davies, Graeme J. M. Alexander
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Abstract It is unclear whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been eradicated or persists at a low level in HCV antibody–positive HCV RNA–negative individuals. The natural history and liver histology are not well characterized. One hundred seventy-two HCV antibody–positive, serum HCV RNA–negative patients underwent diagnostic liver biopsy between 1992 and 2000 and were followed a median 7 years (range, 5–12). Patients with any possible cause of liver injury other than HCV were excluded. A single histopathologist scored sections using Ishak criteria. Characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate in selected cases used a novel semiquantitative technique and compared with HCV RNA–positive patients and healthy controls. One hundred two patients were excluded because of a risk factor for liver injury other than HCV. Seventy patients met the study criteria; four (5.7%) became HCV RNA–positive during follow-up. Sixty-six cases remained HCV RNA–negative; five (7.5%) had a normal liver biopsy; 54 (82%) had fibrosis (stage 2 or 3 in 16 (24%)). Nonviremic cases revealed expanded portal tracts ( P &lt; 0.05), with fewer CD4+ ( P &lt; 0.05) and more CD8+ cells ( P &lt; 0.05) than healthy controls, but were indistinguishable from HCV RNA–positive cases for these parameters. Lobular CD4 staining, absent in healthy controls, was noted in both HCV RNA–negative and –positive cases and was more marked in the latter ( P &lt; 0.05) with a sinusoidal lining cell distribution. Conclusion: Nonviremic HCV antibody–positive patients have a liver biopsy that is usually abnormal. Fibrosis was present in most with similar inflammatory infiltrate to viremic cases. The presence of a CD8+ rich inflammatory infiltrate suggests an ongoing immune response in the liver, supporting the view that HCV may persist in the liver in the majority of HCV RNA–negative cases. (Hepatology 2008;48;1737-1745.)
Allergen/IgG Immune Complex Co-aggregation of FcgRIIA and FcgRIIB Induces Decreased Intrinsic Basophil Sensitivity Associated with Immunotherapy
Authors: C CADY, P GICLAS, R HARBECK, J MURPHY, R KATIAL, R WEBER, S JOHNSON, S KOENIG, E BONVINI, J CAMBIER
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Smad3 deficiency attenuates renal fibrosis, inflammation,and apoptosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction
Authors: Kumi Inazaki, Yutaka Kanamaru, Yuko Kojima, Noriyoshi Sueyoshi, Ko Okumura, Kazunari Kaneko, Yuichiro Yamashiro, Hideoki Ogawa, Atsuhito Nakao
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
PYODERMIA OF PARASITIC ORIGIN.*
Authors: H. C. SEMON, H. W. BARBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1917)

Journal Article PYODERMIA OF PARASITIC ORIGIN. Get access H. C. SEMON, H. C. SEMON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. W. BARBER, R.A.M.C.(T.C.). H. W. BARBER, R.A.M.C.(T.C.). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 29, Issue 3, 1 July 1917, Pages 173–189, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1917.tb09666.x Published: 01 July 1917
Crizotinib vs. Pemetrexed or Docetaxel in Advanced Alk+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Subgroup Analysis in Profile 1007
Authors: N. Yamamoto, H. Nokihara, J.-Y. Han, T. Hida, G.J. Riely, E. Baldini, S. Salvatore, L. Horn, A. Polli, M. Satouchi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
A codon-based model designed to describe lentiviral evolution
Authors: A. K. Pedersen, C. Wiuf, F. B. Christiansen
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

A codon-based model designed to describe lentiviral evolution is developed. The model incorporates unequal base compositions in the three codon positions and selection against the CpG dinucleotide within codons to account for a deficit of this dinucleotide exhibited by lentiviral genes. The model is, to a large extent, able to account for the pattern of codon usage exhibited by the HIV1 genes gag, pol, and env, in spite of its parameter paucity. The model is extended to a similar model which operates on pentets (codons and their neighboring bases). The results obtained by the pentet model establish the importance of depression of CpGs across codon boundaries as well as within codons. The goodness of fit of the CpG depression model to the observed evolution in pairwise alignments of HIV1 sequences is assessed. The model provides a significantly better description of the observed evolution than the simpler models examined. The parameter estimates indicate that part of the unusually large biases in nucleotide frequencies observed in HIV1 genes is caused by selection against CpGs. We find that the estimates of expected numbers of substitutions, of transitions to transversions, and of synonymous to nonsynonymous substitution rates are robust to CpG depression, whereas the ratio of CpG-generating substitutions to other substitutions is strongly influenced by the choice of model.
Book: Educating for Professionalism: Creating a Culture of Humanism in Medical Education
Authors: C. Bulstrode
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Eds Delese Wear, Janet Bickel University of Iowa Press, £36.50, pp 215 ISBN 0 87745 741 7 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img> ![Graphic][2]</img> The joy of being asked to review a book is that sometimes you end up reading something whose title alone would have convinced you that there were better uses of your time. Jude the Obscure would have approved of the title of this book. Some of the contents are equally woolly. However, there are three chapters that have made me think harder than I have for a long time. “Not difficult in an orthopaedic surgeon,” I hear you say. … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Development of a self-reported Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ-SR)
Authors: J E A Williams
Journal: Thorax (2001)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> The Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) is an established measure of health status for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has been found to be reproducible and sensitive to change, but as an interviewer led questionnaire is very time consuming to administer. A study was undertaken to develop a self-reported version of the CRQ (CRQ-SR) and to compare the results of this questionnaire with the conventional interviewer led CRQ (CRQ-IL). <h3>METHODS</h3> Fifty two patients with moderate to severe COPD participated in the study. Subjects completed the CRQ-SR 1 week after completing the CRQ-IL, and a further CRQ-SR was administered 1 week later. For patients in group A (n=27) the dyspnoea provoking activities that they had previously selected were transcribed onto the second CRQ-SR, while patients in group B (n=25) were not informed of their previous dyspnoea provoking activities when they completed the second CRQ-SR. To assess the short term reproducibility and reliability of the CRQ-SR it was then administered twice at an interval of 7–10 days to a further group of 21 patients. The CRQ-IL was not administered. Longer term reproducibility was examined in 39 stable patients who completed the CRQ-SR at initial assessment and then again 7 weeks later. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Mean scores per dimension, mean differences, and limits of agreement are given for each dimension in the comparison of the two questionnaires. There were no statistically significant differences between the CRQ-IL and CRQ-SR in the mastery and fatigue dimensions (p&gt;0.05). A statistically significant difference between the two scores was found in the dyspnoea dimension (p=0.006) and the emotional function dimension (p=0.04), but these differences were well within the minimum clinically important threshold. No statistically significant difference in the mean dyspnoea score was seen between groups A and B. The CRQ-SR was found to be reproducible both in the short term and after the longer period of 7 weeks, with no statistically or clinically significant differences in any dimension. Test-retest reliability was found to be high in each dimension, both in the short and longer term. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The CRQ-SR is a reproducible, reliable, and stable measure of health status. It compares well with the CRQ-IL but cannot be used interchangeably. The main advantage of the CRQ-SR over the CRQ-IL is that is quick to administer, reducing assessment time and hence cost.
Torture Survivors Find Helping Hands Worldwide
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

"A MIRACLE" brought the Ethiopian Army general who had been on the wrong side of now-overthrown dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam's regime to Washington, DC. After 3 years of "extensive torture" the general had many psychological as well as physical disabilities, the main problem being the hole in his head. As David A. Flockhart, MD, PhD, a fellow in clinical pharmacology at Washington's Georgetown University School of Medicine, tells the story, the general underwent a craniotomy on his release from prison in Ethiopia, but it took 2 years more in the United States to get him the neurological surgery he needed. "It isn't easy to get someone to perform a $10000 operation for free, even in a case like this one," says Flockhart, who is also active in Amnesty International and is trying to develop a center for victims of human rights violations. A former Vietnamese prisoner of war who had
IMPROVED OUTCOMES WITH CARDIOLOGIST FOLLOW-UP AFTER EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT ASSESSMENT OF CHEST PAIN PATIENTS WITHOUT ESTABLISHED CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: Andrew Czarnecki, Alice Chong, Douglas S. Lee, Michael J. Schull, Jack V. Tu, Ching Lau, Michael E. Farkouh, David Pereg, Harindra C. Wijeysundera, Dennis T. Ko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Increase of active transport of conjugated bile salts in streptozotocin-diabetic rat small intestine
Authors: W. F. Caspary
Journal: Gut (1973)

Active transport of conjugated bile salts, Na-tauro- and Na-glycocholate and D-galactose, was examined in the small intestine of streptozotocin-diabetic rats by an in-vitro technique. Tissue uptake and mucosal to serosal transport of conjugated bile salts and D-galactose was enhanced in diabetic rat ileum. The minimal transport capacity for conjugated bile salts in the jejunum did not differ between diabetic and control intestine. D-galactose transport and transport of 3-0-methyl-glucose were, however, enhanced in diabetic jejunum as well. Kinetic analysis of the initial uptake rates for conjugated bile salts revealed that the maximal transport capacity (Vmax) was enhanced in diabetic ileum. In accordance with earlier results on the effect of experimental diabetes mellitus on digestive-absorptive functions it is suggested that experimental diabetes mellitus increases the transport capacity of active, Na(+)-dependent intestinal transport processes in general.