tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Emergency revascularization for unstable angina.
Authors: L A Golding, F D Loop, W C Sheldon, P C Taylor, L K Groves, D M Cosgrove
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Emergency revascularization for unstable angina (defined according to criteria of the National Cooperative Study Group) was performed in 100 consecutive patients. The mean interval from onset of pain to operation was one day. Nineteen patients had single-vessel narrowing of greater than 70% of lumen diameter, 32 double-vessel obstruction and 49 triple-vessel disease. Fourteen of these patients had left main trunk obstruction. Four patients died within 30 days, three from complications of myocardial infarction. Seventeen of 96 (18%) early survivors sustained perioperative infarction. After a mean follow-up of 42 months, four late deaths and three late infarctions occurred. Postoperative angiography in 47 patients (mean interval 14 months) showed 86% graft patency. Of 92 survivors, 72 are symptom-free. Three of the four operative deaths occurred within 24 hours postoperatively; in each of these, postmortem examination confirmed a recent myocardial infarction which antedated the operation, despite the absence of new infarction in the peroperative electrocardiogram or elevation of cardiac enzymes. Results from this emergency series suggest that, although myocardium may be salvaged in some instances, in other cases infarction has already occurred and treatment might better be directed toward alleviation of acute ischemia to provide a stable period in which diagnostic studies are performed and acute myocardial infarction may be ruled out.
Chromosome abnormalities clustering and its implications for pathogenesis and prognosis in myeloma
Authors: C S Debes-Marun, G W Dewald, S Bryant, E Picken, R Santana-Dávila, N González-Paz, J M Winkler, R A Kyle, M A Gertz, T E Witzig, A Dispenzieri, M Q Lacy, S V Rajkumar, J A Lust, P R Greipp, R Fonseca
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Legionnaire Disease and St Elizabeth's Pneumonia
Authors: Roger Peele
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent MEDICAL NEWS article on Legionnaire disease (237:752, 1977), it is stated that The bacterium has been linked to a 1966 outbreak of acute pneumonia at the St Elizabeth's Psychiatric Hospital in Washington, DC. The disease, which developed suddenly in 94 patients, with 76 deaths attributed to it, had remained unexplained. Actually, the outbreak was in 1965, and there were 18 deaths among 124 suspected cases. In addition to many clinical similarities between Legionnaire disease and St Elizabeth's pneumonia, there is another odd "resemblance." Just as the Legionnaire disease was found in hotel guests but was rare in hotel employees, St Elizabeth's pneumonia was found in patients but was rare in hospital employees.
Factors Associated With Microalbuminuria in 7,549 Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
Authors: Mark Daniels, Stephanie N. DuBose, David M. Maahs, Roy W. Beck, Larry A. Fox, Rose Gubitosi-Klug, Lori M. Laffel, Kellee M. Miller, Heather Speer, William V. Tamborlane, Michael J. Tansey
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE To examine factors associated with clinical microalbuminuria (MA) diagnosis in children and adolescents in the T1D Exchange clinic registry. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS T1D Exchange participants &amp;lt;20 years of age with type 1 diabetes ≥1 year and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) measured within the prior 2 years were included in the analysis. MA diagnosis required all of the following: 1) a clinical diagnosis of sustained MA or macroalbuminuria, 2) confirmation of MA diagnosis by either the most recent ACR being ≥30 mg/g or current treatment with an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), and 3) no known cause for nephropathy other than diabetes. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with MA. RESULTS MA was present in 329 of 7,549 (4.4%) participants, with a higher frequency associated with longer diabetes duration, higher mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, older age, female sex, higher diastolic blood pressure (BP), and lower BMI (P ≤ 0.01 for each in multivariate analysis). Older age was most strongly associated with MA among participants with HbA1c ≥9.5% (≥80 mmol/mol). MA was uncommon (&amp;lt;2%) among participants with HbA1c &amp;lt;7.5% (&amp;lt;58 mmol/mol). Of those with MA, only 36% were receiving ACEI/ARB treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results emphasize the importance of good glycemic and BP control, particularly as diabetes duration increases, in order to reduce the risk of nephropathy. Since age and diabetes duration are important nonmodifiable factors associated with MA, the importance of routine screening is underscored to ensure early diagnosis and timely treatment of MA.
Severe Depression of Antithrombin III Associated with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Women with Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Authors: HOWARD A. LIEBMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Serial coagulation studies were done in four women with acute fatty liver of pregnancy. All had coagulopathy, laboratory evidence of diffuse intravascular coagulation, and marked depletion of plasma antithrombin III. Two of these women had persistent intravascular coagulation for 4 days after delivery. The others had prompt control of intravascular coagulation coincident with elevation of the antithrombin III concentration by plasma transfusion. Severe antithrombin III depression may be a major cause of the persistent intravascular clotting and can be corrected by plasma transfusion.
THE TREATMENT OF SYCOSIS AND ALLIED FOLLICULAR INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN
Authors: J. AVIT-SCOTT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1933)

Journal Article THE TREATMENT OF SYCOSIS AND ALLIED FOLLICULAR INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN Get access J. AVIT‐SCOTT, M.D. Birm. J. AVIT‐SCOTT, M.D. Birm. Honorary Dermatologist, Midland Hospital, Easy Row, Birmingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 45, Issue 5, 1 May 1933, Pages 190–193, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1933.tb12417.x Published: 01 May 1933
757. Engineered Expression of Novel TRIM5 Isoforms Inhibits HIV-1 Infection in CD34 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Derived Macrophages
Authors: Joseph S. Anderson, Ramesh Akkina
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Species specific innate resistance against viral infections offers novel avenues for antiviral therapeutic and prophylactic approaches. The retroviral and lentiviral restriction factors Ref1 and Lv1 are variants of the tripartite motif protein, TRIM5a, a component of cytoplasmic bodies. TRIM5a severely restricts productive retroviral infections at the level of post-entry and pre-integration by destabilizing the incoming viral capsid via ubiquitination. Using this approach, resistance to HIV-1 infection could be conferred by TRIM5arh expression in otherwise susceptible cells. Here we show that stable expression of simian TRIM5arh via a lentiviral vector in a permissive cell culture line, Magi-CXC4, conferred resistance to HIV-1. To translate these findings into a stem cell gene therapy setting, the TRIM5arh transgene was stable introduced into CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells to derive transgenic macrophages. Upon viral challenge, TRIM5arh expressing macrophages were highly resistant to HIV-1 infection compared to control cells. Human macrophages expressing TRIM5arh were also found to be phenotypically and functionally normal expressing the characteristic surface markers CD14, CD4, CCR5, CXCR4, MHCII, and B7.1. Based on these promising results, we sought to further improve the TRIM5a inhibiting action by designing more novel constructs by modifying the native human isoform of TRIM5a. These modified isoforms have also been shown to be effective in conferring viral resistance. These results demonstrate that the species specific restriction factor TRIM5arh is effective in conferring HIV-1 resistance in a stem cell setting thus paving the way for its application in AIDS gene therapy.
Micro-melanoma detection: a clinical study on 206 consecutive cases of pigmented skin lesions with a diameter ≤ 3 mm
Authors: A. Bono, E. Tolomio, S. Trincone, C. Bartoli, S. Tomatis, A. Carbone, M. Santinami
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background Very small pigmented lesions may represent an important diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Objectives The aim of the present study was to establish the diagnostic value, in terms of sensitivity and specificity, of both clinical and dermoscopic examinations in a population of patients with unselected consecutive pigmented lesions with a maximum clinical diameter of 3 mm. Patients and methods Two hundred and four consecutive patients bearing 206 pigmented skin lesions with a maximum diameter of 3 mm were seen and operated on. Twenty‐three of these lesions were melanomas. Each lesion was subjected to both clinical and dermoscopic evaluation before surgery. The results were expressed in terms of sensitivity and specificity of both kinds of evaluation. Results Clinical evaluation produced a diagnostic sensitivity of 43% and a specificity of 91%. Dermoscopy resulted in a sensitivity of 83% and in a specificity of 69%. The comparison between the sensitivity values of the two diagnostic methods showed a significant difference (P < 0·01). A high value of significance was also obtained comparing the respective specificity values (P < 0·001). Conclusions Detection of very small melanomas is feasible by accurate visual inspection. Dermoscopy appears to be an important aid to diagnosis, provided that physicians are aware of this type of lesion and maintain the index of suspicion at a high level.
Solid Organ Transplantation. 1: Many Problems, New Solutions
Authors: Paul Kefalides
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Currents15 December 1998Solid Organ Transplantation. 1: Many Problems, New SolutionsPaul Kefalides, MDPaul Kefalides, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-12-199812150-00049 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The number of patients awaiting solid organ transplantation has grown in recent years for many reasons, including the spread of indolent viral infections that increase the number of potential recipients (by causing organ damage in young people), and improved medical therapy for patients with organ failure (which allows potential recipients to survive longer). Transplantation surgeons and nephrologists are developing new approaches to address the expanding waiting list for solid organs. Key efforts include the increasing use of living unrelated individuals as donors and a better understanding of immune tolerance and rejection.The Organ ShortageThe number of patients on the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul Kefalides, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySolid Organ TransplantationLloyd E. Ratner, MD, Robert A. Montgomery, PhD, MD, and Louis R. Kavoussi, MD 15 December 1998Volume 129, Issue 12Page: 1093-1095KeywordsChildrenLiverLiver transplantationLung transplantationLungsOrgan transplantationPancreasRenal transplantationSurgeonsTransplantation ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Serum Glycolytic Enzymes and Acid Phosphatases in Mammary Carcinomatosis
Authors: G. F. Joplin, K. A. Jegatheesan
Journal: BMJ (1962)

available for all the other lipid fractions to yield results of a degree of significance identical to that which would have obtained if groups of 20 test and 20 control subjects had been conventionally analysed.Furthermore, some significant results, albeit negative, were obtained for 12 months of treatment.Similarly, although only 12 pairs of subjects who were treated soon after acute myocardial necrosis survived three months during the same period and 11 pairs for six months, a majority of the t-tests were completed, with the same probability.In short the sequential method has, as well as giving interim data and determining the trial, nearly doubled the amount of information obtained and therefore approximately halved the cost.Since there are no objective responses the differences between the replies of treated and untreated patients to questions on their well-being are probably explained by non-specific stimulating effects perhaps due to the pyridoxine content (Cdlice et al., 1958) of the test capsules.Further, survival rates in both groups are comparable.The period of the trial is, however, as clearly shown by McMichael and Parry (1960), too short for significant conclusions on mortality to be drawn.In view of the large amount of negative data here presented the trial has been stopped.Summary A total of 114 patients in three clinical groups, all of whom were suffering from results of atherosclerotic arterial occlusion, have been treated with a phospholipid preparation (lipostabil) for periods up to two years.Ten fractions of the serum lipids were unaffected by it.The lipostabil was kindly supplied by Aspro-Nicholas of Slough, Bucks, who also made a grant towards the cost of the investigation.Many of the members of the staff of the East Ham Memorial Hospital, as well as local general medical practitioners, bave co-operated willingly, and without their help the trial would not have been possible.
The Future of the Global Tobacco Treaty Negotiations
Authors: Henry A Waxman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The tobacco business is a global enterprise that has caused a worldwide public health crisis — by the year 2020 an estimated 8.4 million people will succumb annually to tobacco-related diseases. This week's Sounding Board article discusses the ongoing response of the World Health Assembly of the World Health Organization to this crisis — to draft and adopt an international treaty called the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which aims to establish worldwide standards for tobacco control.
Granulocyte–Macrophage Progenitors as Candidate Leukemic Stem Cells in Blast-Crisis CML
Authors: Catriona H.M. Jamieson, Laurie E. Ailles, Scott J. Dylla, Manja Muijtjens, Carol Jones, James L. Zehnder, Jason Gotlib, Kevin Li, Markus G. Manz, Armand Keating, Charles L. Sawyers, Irving L. Weissman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The progression of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) to blast crisis is supported by self-renewing leukemic stem cells. In normal mouse hematopoietic stem cells, the process of self-renewal involves the beta-catenin-signaling pathway. We investigated whether leukemic stem cells in CML also use the beta-catenin pathway for self-renewal.We used fluorescence-activated cell sorting to isolate hematopoietic stem cells, common myeloid progenitors, granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, and megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors from marrow during several phases of CML and from normal marrow. BCR-ABL, beta-catenin, and LEF-1 transcripts were compared by means of a quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay in normal and CML hematopoietic stem cells and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. Confocal fluorescence microscopy and a lymphoid enhancer factor/T-cell factor reporter assay were used to detect nuclear beta-catenin in these cells. In vitro replating assays were used to identify self-renewing cells as candidate leukemic stem cells, and the dependence of self-renewal on beta-catenin activation was tested by lentiviral transduction of hematopoietic progenitors with axin, an inhibitor of the beta-catenin pathway.The granulocyte-macrophage progenitor pool from patients with CML in blast crisis and imatinib-resistant CML was expanded, expressed BCR-ABL, and had elevated levels of nuclear beta-catenin as compared with the levels in progenitors from normal marrow. Unlike normal granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, CML granulocyte-macrophage progenitors formed self-renewing, replatable myeloid colonies, and in vitro self-renewal capacity was reduced by enforced expression of axin.Activation of beta-catenin in CML granulocyte-macrophage progenitors appears to enhance the self-renewal activity and leukemic potential of these cells.
Portal fibroblasts: Underappreciated mediators of biliary fibrosis
Authors: Jonathan A. Dranoff, Rebecca G. Wells
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Portal fibroblasts are an important yet often overlooked nonparenchymal cell population in the liver. They are distinct from hepatic stellate cells, yet like stellate cells differentiate in the setting of chronic injury to fibrogenic myofibroblasts, playing an important role in collagen production in the fibrotic liver. Portal fibroblasts (PFs) are located adjacent to bile duct epithelia and thus play a particularly significant role in biliary fibrosis. New data suggest that they may also have key functions independent of fibrogenesis. This review addresses the definition and characteristics of PFs as well as their signaling pathways, interactions with the biliary epithelium, and contributions to liver pathobiology. Conclusion: PFs are an important and multifunctional nonparenchymal cell population in need of further study. (HEPATOLOGY 2010.)
Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sheri R. Colberg, Ronald J. Sigal, Bo Fernhall, Judith G. Regensteiner, Bryan J. Blissmer, Richard R. Rubin, Lisa Chasan-Taber, Ann L. Albright, Barry Braun
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

Although physical activity (PA) is a key element in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes, many with this chronic disease do not become or remain regularly active. High-quality studies establishing the importance of exercise and fitness in diabetes were lacking until recently, but it is now well established that participation in regular PA improves blood glucose control and can prevent or delay type 2 diabetes, along with positively impacting lipids, blood pressure, cardiovascular events, mortality, and quality of life. Structured interventions combining PA and modest weight loss have been shown to lower risk of type 2 diabetes by up to 58% in high-risk populations. Most benefits of PA on diabetes management are realized through acute and chronic improvements in insulin action, accomplished with both aerobic and resistance training. …
THE FATE OF PATIENTS WITH UNTREATED BRONCHIECTASIS
Authors: HOWARD H. BRADSHAW
Journal: JAMA (1941)

It is commonly assumed, in the absence of any real proof, that patients with a chronic productive cough and sputum that is free from tubercle bacilli are not seriously ill. Such patients are considered as having "chronic bronchitis," and often no real attempt is made to do much for them either diagnostically or in instituting therapeutic measures. These patients may be able to carry on routine activities throughout a greater part of the year but frequently are incapacitated for a longer or shorter period each winter. They have many episodes of acute infections of the respiratory tract usually diagnosed as pneumonia, pneumonitis or pleurisy. It usually is the acute phase of the disease that has concerned the physician. It is our purpose in this paper to present a follow-up study on 242 cases of bronchiectasis. With the increasing use of surgical measures in the treatment of bronchiectasis, it is important
South Asian health: what is to be done?
Authors: Sanjay Mansukhbhai Rajpara
Journal: BMJ (2004)

South Asian health: what is to be done? Amalgamation of South Asia's medical community will benefit allEditor-The BMJ deserves credit for providing the spark necessary to activate the medical community of the South Asian countries, with their limited resources, unstable governments, and uncommitted politicians pitching in with solutions for public health problems.Amalgamation of South Asia's medical community will ensure benefits to all its constituents.Strength will flow from unity of purpose focused on achievable targets with a structured and pragmatic plan of realistic objectives.The impossible can be made possible.There is a wealth of talent and experience in the South Asian countries in traditional and complementary systems of medicine, which have great potential for providing relief to millions of people at minimal or no cost to the exchequer.Ayurveda, the unani system, homoeopathy, herbal medicine, yoga, and meditation are powerful modalities for providing some remedies to the poor and ailing population of South Asia.Education is the bedrock on which all health practices are based.Knowledge of cleanliness, sanitation, clean potable water, and basic amenities for primary health in every village is an admirable beginning.The public and private sectors have distinctive roles.There must be harmony, cooperation, discipline, and monitoring to ensure optimal use of resources.This needs to be orchestrated by the government agencies designated to run a country's health programmes.
Three Russian doctors face trial for vaccine tests
Authors: Andrew Osborn
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Three Russian doctors face a criminal trial after being accused of endangering children's health in the course of trials of vaccines for the drug company GlaxoSmithKline. If convicted they could be sentenced to up to six years in prison.

Prosecutors in the southern Russian city of Volgograd allege that the doctors tested GlaxoSmithKline vaccines on young babies who were not fully healthy and that parents' consent was not sought. The three doctors and GlaxoSmithKline deny any wrongdoing …
Hormones, women, and safety
Authors: M. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Contraceptive research always hits the headlines—as long as the news is bad. In contrast, the revelation that hormone replacement therapy may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism was met by indifference.

Two winters have passed since the “pill scare” of October 1995, yet there must be few users, prescribers, and prescriber—cum—users who are not struggling to come to terms with the impact of the action taken by the Committee on Safety of Medicines (CSM) in response to the research projects in question. These found a minimally different risk of venous thromboembolism with different brands of the combined oral contraceptive. The conclusion was that the absolute risk for a combined oral contraceptive containing desogestrel or gestodene was 30 per 100 000 women each year, 15 per 100 000 a year for a “second generation” combined oral contraceptive, and 5 per 100 000 a year for non-pregnant non-users. Before the publication of the studies in question research had suggested that the risk of venous thromboembolism and low dose combined oral contraceptives was, wait for it, 30 per 100 000 annually.

As a …
Epidermal lipid biosynthesis in acne
Authors: SAM SHUSTER, MARY F. COOPER, D. McGIBBON, P. D. WILSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Lipid biosynthesis from glucose was increased in severe acne both in dermis and in epidermis which included the top portions of the pilosebaceous follicles. Both tissues retained their characteristic lipid labelling pattern. The magnitude of the increase in dermis and epidermis was similar, suggesting that epidermis may be subject to the same sebotrophic-lipogenic stimulus which affects sebaceous glands.
Somatic D816V KIT mutation in a case of adult-onset familial mastocytosis
Authors: Roberta Zanotti, Livio Simioni, Andres C. Garcia-Montero, Omar Perbellini, Patrizia Bonadonna, Beatrice Caruso, Maria Jara-Acevedo, Massimiliano Bonifacio, Giovanna De Matteis
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)