tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathological grief in doctors' wives.
Authors: E Harari
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The mental health of doctors has received increasing attention in recent years, but articles on the doctor's wife and family remain scarce.1 Those reports that do exist emphasise the wife's reluctance to express her dependence on her husband because he is already burdened with trying to meet the needs of his patients2 and her search for a personal identity that is not based solely on being a doctor's wife.3 Other studies have examined the treatment that doctors' families receive from other medical practitioners,4 and the anxieties that such treatment may impose on the treating doctor.5 These three interrelated issues?the emotional and physical health of the doctor's wife, their marital relationship, and the difficulties doctors encounter in treating a sick colleague?are important in understanding the problem of pathological grief in the doctor's widow. The following account is impressionistic and is based on my experience of treating six doctors' widows who were referred to me. These cases were probably not representative of the grief process in medical families but nevertheless indicate the possibility that a debilitating yet potentially reversible psycho social problem exists within the medical profession itself.
Pekka Laurén and histological classification of gastric carcinoma
Authors: Timo J Nevalainen
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Under the model of micromutationism, phenotypic divergence between species is caused by accumulation of many small-effect changes. While mapping the causal changes to single nucleotide resolution could be difficult for diverged species, genetic dissection via chimeric constructs allows us to evaluate whether a large-effect gene is composed of many small-effect nucleotide changes. In a previously described non-complementation screen, we found allele difference of <i>CUP2</i>, a copper-binding transcription factor, underlie divergence in copper resistance between <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and <i>S. uvarum</i>. Here, we tested whether the allele effect of <i>CUP2</i> was caused by multiple nucleotide changes. By analyzing chimeric constructs containing four separate regions in the <i>CUP2</i> gene, including its distal promoter, proximal promoter, DNA binding domain and transcriptional activation domain, we found that all four regions of the <i>S. cerevisiae</i> allele conferred copper resistance, with the proximal promoter showing the largest effect, and that both additive and epistatic effects are likely involved. These findings support a model of multiple changes underlying evolution and suggest an important role of both protein coding and <i>cis</i>-regulatory changes in evolution.
Ebola vaccine is safe and immunogenic, results show
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The first results from a trial of a candidate Ebola virus vaccine show that it is safe and immunogenic, says a paper published online in the New England Journal of Medicine .1

Researchers at the University of Oxford said the results showed that the vaccine, the first batch of which has already been shipped to Liberia, was safe for testing in volunteers in west Africa.

Some 60 healthy volunteers were vaccinated from 17 …
301 AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN USE OF SULFONYLUREAS OR EXOGENOUS INSULIN AND THE PRESENCE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN HEPATITIS C PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Y. Morita, E. Taniguchi, T. Kawaguchi, M. Shirachi, H. Iwamoto, T. Ide, E. Nagata, M. Sata
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Unraveling the Miswired Connectome: A Developmental Perspective
Authors: Adriana Di Martino, Damien A. Fair, Clare Kelly, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, F. Xavier Castellanos, Moriah E. Thomason, R. Cameron Craddock, Beatriz Luna, Bennett L. Leventhal, Xi-Nian Zuo, Michael P. Milham
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Temperature controlled release from polystyrene-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-block-polystyrene block copolymer hydrogel
Authors: Janne Ruokolainen, Antti Nykänen, Arri Priimägi, Antti Rahikkala, Sami-Pekka Hirvonen, Janne Raula, Heikki Tenhu, Esko Kauppinen, Raffaele Mezzenga
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Vision-related problems may offer clues for earlier diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: C. M. Olson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Staging Laparotomy in Early Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Robert C. Young
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Systematic restaging was performed prospectively in 100 patients referred to the Ovarian Cancer Study Group institutions with a diagnosis of "early" (stage Ia-IIb) ovarian cancer. Before referral, only 25% of patients had an initial surgical incision that was adequate to allow complete examination of the pelvis and abdominal cavity. In patients referred to member institutions, 31 (31%) of 100 were found to have a more advanced stage and 23 (77%) of 31 of these actually had stage III disease. Sixty-one percent of the patients had their advanced stage detected by procedures other than a second laparotomy-nine (29%) of 31 by peritoneoscopy, six (19%) of 31 by peritoneal washings, and six (19%) of 31 by lymphangiography. Sites of unsuspected disease are most likely to be pelvic peritoneum, ascites fluid, other pelvic tissue, para-aortic nodes, and the diaphragms. Based on these data, we conclude that the initial staging approaches traditionally used in clinical evaluation of patients with early ovarian cancer are often incomplete and inadequate.
Childhood bullous pemphigoid associated with IgA antibodies against BP180 or BP230 antigens
Authors: None ARECHALDE, None BRAUN, None CALZA, None HERTL, None DIDIERJEAN, None SAURAT, None BORRADORI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) comprises a heterogeneous group of subepidermal blistering disorders characterized by in situ bound IgA antibodies in epidermal basement membrane. We report three children presenting clinical and immunopathological features characteristic of LABD. By immunoblotting, the three patients' sera contained IgA antibodies that reacted against the bullous pemphigoid (BP) antigen 180 and or BP230, molecular markers for BP. In addition, IgG antibodies directed against the ectodomain of BP180 were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a eukaryotic recombinant form of BP180. Consistent with recent studies suggesting that the LABD antigen 1, the predominant autoantigen of LABD, is either a proteolytic product of BP180 or an isoform of the BP180 gene, our findings indicate that a subset of children with features of LABD have a distinct form of BP associated with an IgA response.
TREATMENT OF RETRODISPLACEMENTS OF THE UTERUS BY SHORTENING THE ROUND LIGAMENTS PER VAGINAM.
Authors: J. RIDDLE GOFFE
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Dr. Howard A. Kelly, at the recent meeting of the American Gynecological Society at Boston, announced in a discussion that he had collected a list of fortyfive different operations that had been suggested for the relief of retrodisplacements of the uterus. Accepting this statement as true, what more suggestive fact could we have of the importance in which this affection is regarded by the profession, or of the assiduity with which the profession has devoted itself to its relief? Much has been learned regarding the dynamics of the female pelvis, but much still remains to be discovered. Plates representing saggital sections of the female pelvis taken from frozen sections have been transmitted from one generation of text-books to another, and the errors therein depicted have likewise been transmitted from one generation of medical men to another. The section of a frozen pelvis represents the relation of the parts in that
Effect of intramyocardial pressure on the phasic flow in the intraventricular septal artery
Authors: T. E. CAREW, J. W. COVELL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Phasic flow in the intraventricular septal artery (SA) was measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter in anaesthetized dogs. The ratio of systolic to diastolic flow was less in the intramyocardial artery than in an epicardial (circumflex) artery. The SA systolic to diastolic ratio was further depressed when elevations in intramyocardial pressure were produced. These studies lend insight into the relationships between intramyocardial pressure and coronary arterial flow.
Role of α<sub>1</sub>-Acid Glycoprotein in Therapeutic Antifibrotic Effects of Imatinib with Macrolides in Mice
Authors: Momoyo Azuma, Yasuhiko Nishioka, Yoshinori Aono, Mami Inayama, Hideki Makino, Jun Kishi, Masayuki Shono, Katsuhiro Kinoshita, Hisanori Uehara, Fumitaka Ogushi, Keisuke Izumi, Saburo Sone
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Rationale: Imatinib is an inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor receptors. We have reported that treatment with imatinib inhibited bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. However, late treatment with imatinib had no effect.Objectives: To clarify why imatinib had no antifibrotic effect when its administration was delayed, we focused on α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), because it was reported to bind imatinib and mediate drug resistance.Methods: The concentration of AGP in serum of mice and patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was measured by radial immunodiffusion testing. The effects of AGP in vitro were evaluated by assaying the growth of lung fibroblasts. We examined the combined effects of erythromycin (EM) or clarithromycin (CAM) on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.Measurements and Main Results: Addition of AGP abrogated imatinib-mediated inhibition of the growth of fibroblasts. However, treatment with EM or CAM restored the growth-inhibitory effects of imatinib. The elevated level of AGP was detected in serum and lung homogenates in bleomycin-exposed mice and reached a plateau on Day 14. Imatinib alone did not ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis when treatment was started on Day 15, whereas coadministration of imatinib and EM or CAM significantly reduced the fibrogenesis via inhibition of the growth of fibroblasts in vivo. Serum levels of AGP were higher in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis than in healthy subjects.Conclusions: AGP is an important regulatory factor modulating the ability of imatinib to prevent pulmonary fibrosis in mice, and combined therapy with imatinib and EM or CAM might be useful for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
Analysis and Pathological Physiology of the Troubles of Speech in the General Paralysis of the Insane
Authors: A. Voisin
Journal: BMJ (1875)

mechanical inifluence a morbid relaxation in the coninection of the ossi- cula is removed, or the flui(d in the labvrinth is put under inicreased pressure.Such an Iindia-rubber disc wili act as a vibrating( plate, alid can transmit a considerable number of vibrations to one of the ossicula.(Politzer.)This appears to mc to be the best explanation.I use the cotton- wool for the necessary pressure on the remainiing portion of the membrana tympani, and, at the same time, the India-rubber disc as a vibrating plate.
Measurement of Renal Function without Urine Collection
Authors: Barbara R. Cole, Joseph Giangiacomo, Julie R. Ingelfinger, Alan M. Robson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Measurement of Renal Function without Urine Collection — A Critical Evaluation of the Constant-Infusion Technic for Determination of Inulin and Para-Aminohippurate
Mothers suspected of killing their babies might be dealt with outside criminal system
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Mothers suspected of killing their babies could be dealt with outside the criminal justice system rather than prosecuted, suggested the new director of public prosecutions for England and Waleslast week.

Ken Macdonald floated the idea in the wake of the appeal court judgment in January in the case of Angela Cannings, whose convictions for killing her two baby sons were quashed in December 2003.

Giving judgment, Lord Justice Judge said that there should not be prosecutions when reputable experts disagreed about the cause of death and there was no other cogent evidence.

Mr Macdonald said there was an “attraction” in removing such cases from the criminal process …
Meta-analysis identifies nine new loci associated with rheumatoid arthritis in the Japanese population
Authors: Yukinori Okada, Chikashi Terao, Katsunori Ikari, Yuta Kochi, Koichiro Ohmura, Akari Suzuki, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Eli A Stahl, Fina A S Kurreeman, Nao Nishida, Hiroko Ohmiya, Keiko Myouzen, Meiko Takahashi, Tetsuji Sawada, Yuichi Nishioka, Masao Yukioka, Tsukasa Matsubara, Shigeyuki Wakitani, Ryota Teshima, Shigeto Tohma, Kiyoshi Takasugi, Kota Shimada, Akira Murasawa, Shigeru Honjo, Keitaro Matsuo, Hideo Tanaka, Kazuo Tajima, Taku Suzuki, Takuji Iwamoto, Yoshiya Kawamura, Hisashi Tanii, Yuji Okazaki, Tsukasa Sasaki, Peter K Gregersen, Leonid Padyukov, Jane Worthington, Katherine A Siminovitch, Mark Lathrop, Atsuo Taniguchi, Atsushi Takahashi, Katsushi Tokunaga, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Naoyuki Kamatani, Tsuneyo Mimori, Robert M Plenge, Hisashi Yamanaka, Shigeki Momohara, Ryo Yamada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Kazuhiko Yamamoto
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
A comparison of the therapeutic effectiveness of gastrin neutralisation in two human gastric cancer models: relation to endocrine and autocrine/paracrine gastrin mediated growth
Authors: S A Watson, T M Morris, A Varro, D Michaeli, A M Smith
Journal: Gut (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Gastrin is a growth factor for established tumours. <h3>AIMS</h3> To investigate the therapeutic effect of antibodies, raised against the Gastrimmune immunogen, which neutralise the glycine extended and carboxy amidated forms of gastrin 17 in two human gastric cancer models. <h3>METHODS</h3> MGLVA1 cells (which have a gastrin autocrine/paracrine phenotype) and ST16 cells (which have an endocrine phenotype) were injected into the peritoneal cavity of SCID mice. Peritoneal tumours, ascites, and cachexia formation occurred, with the monitored endpoint being morbidity. <h3>RESULTS</h3> In MGLVA1 cells, intravenous administration of antibodies raised against Gastrimmune increased the 50% median survived by 25% at three different initial cell seeding concentrations (1 × 10<sup>6</sup>–5 × 10<sup>5</sup> per mouse). In ST16 cells, the effect of Gastrimmune induced antibodies on time to morbidity was greatest at the lowest cell seeding concentration (5 × 10<sup>5</sup> cells/mouse) with the 50% median survival increased by 74% and overall survival achieved in 38% of the mice. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Gastrimmune may have potential therapeutic benefit on gastrin sensitive gastric tumours and may interact with both endocrine and autocrine mediated growth pathways.
Aplastic Anemia Complicating Orthotopic Liver Transplantation for Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis
Authors: A.G. Tzakis, M. Arditi, P.F. Whitington, K. Yanaga, C. Esquivel, W.A. Andrews, L. Makowka, J. Malatak, D.K. Freese, P.G. Stock, N.L. Ascher, F.L. Johnson, C.E. Broelsch, T.E. Starzl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Aplastic anemia developed in 9 of 32 patients (28 percent) undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation for acute non-A, non-B hepatitis, at one to seven weeks after the procedure. No patient previously had evidence of hematologic dysfunction or conditions known to be associated with aplastic anemia. No other cases of aplastic anemia were identified among 1463 patients undergoing liver transplantation for all other indications at the four centers participating in the study (chi-square = 415, P<0.001; 95 percent confidence interval for the incidence of aplastic anemia after transplantation for non-A, non-B hepatitis, 13 to 44 percent, vs. 0.00 to 0.13 percent for all other indications). The operative and postoperative treatment of these patients was not otherwise different, indicating that the aplastic anemia was a complication of the hepatitis, not of the transplantation procedure. Four of the nine patients died of complications due to infections. Three of the surviving patients have been followed for less than six months, one for one year, and one for two years. The two patients followed the longest have recovered marrow function to an appreciable degree, and two of the others have evidence of early recovery. We conclude that patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation for non-A, non-B hepatitis are at a high risk for the development of aplastic anemia. (N Engl J Med 1988; 319:393–6.)
Cytokine profile of macrophages in vitro stimulated by ACPA immune complexes in the presence or absence of IgM rheumatoid factor
Authors: L. Laurent, C. Clavel, F. Anquetil, J.-L. Pasquali, M. Sebbag, G. Serre
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Autoantibodies to citrullinated proteins (ACPA) are suspected to play a central role in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). By stimulating monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy donors with ACPA-containing immune complexes (ACPA-IC), the authors previously established the inflammatory potential of ACPA through FcγRIIa engagement. Furthermore, the authors evidenced a major enhancement of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) secretion when these IC also included monoclonal IgM rheumatoid factors (RFs) derived from patients with cryoglobulinemia (ACPA/RF-IC). <h3>Objectives</h3> To further investigate the inflammatory effect of ACPA-IC including or not RF, the authors evaluated the response of blood monocytes to ACPA/RF-IC and specified the cytokine profile induced in macrophages by ACPA-IC and ACPA/RF-IC. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Three monoclonal IgM RF were purified from the serum of patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia. Monocyte purification, macrophage differentiation and macrophage stimulation by IC in the absence of complement were performed as previously described (Clavel <i>et al</i>, <i>Arthritis Rheum</i>, 2008). In culture supernatants, TNFα was assayed by ELISA, and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-1Ra were measured in a multiplexed flow cytometric assay. <h3>Results</h3> Stimulation by ACPA-IC and ACPA/RF-IC was compared in monocyte and macrophage pairs derived from three donors. While, as expected, in macrophages, TNFα secretions were higher after stimulation by ACPA/RF-IC, in monocytes only very low TNFα secretions were detected in both conditions. Stimulations with immobilised and IgG-conjugated RF in four monocyte and macrophage pairs confirmed these results. In macrophages from eight blood donors, in addition to inducing TNFα, ACPA-IC also importantly raised IL-8 secretion while no significant secretions of IL-1β, IL-6 or IL-10 were detected. Secretion of IL-1Ra was found to be enhanced in two out of two donors tested. For three of the eight donors the macrophages were additionally stimulated with ACPA/RF-IC. In all these donors, compared to stimulation with ACPA-IC, IL-10 secretion was enhanced. However, this was compensated by an important upregulation of TNFα, by the induction of IL-1β and IL-6 secretion, and persistence of high IL-8 levels. Moreover, IL-1Ra was down modulated in two out of two tested donors. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Monocytes are refractory to stimulation by IgM RF-containing IC, suggesting that circulating IgM RF-containing IC remain fairly innocuous as far as FcR engagement of circulating monocytes is concerned. In addition, this data clearly confirm the identification of RF as a potent amplifier of the FcR-dependent inflammatory reaction induced in macrophages by the tightly RA-associated ACPA-IC. They clarify the link between disease aggressiveness and both RF and ACPA.
18Mitochondrial translocation of GSK-3beta, a trigger of mitochondrial permeability transition, is mediated by its N-terminal domain and promoted by interaction with VDAC2.
Authors: M Tanno, T Miura, T Miki, A Kuno, S Ishikawa, T Yano, H Kouzu
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in mitochondria has been shown to facilitate opening of the permeability transition pore, a trigger of cell death in diverse pathological conditions including myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. However, mechanisms of its translocation to mitochondria remain unresolved. Here we examined roles of interacting proteins for GSK3β to translocate to mitochondria and possible presence of a mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) in GSK-3β. Methods and Results: H9c2 cardiomyocytes were transfected with EGFP-tagged GSK-3β (WT) or kinase-deficient GSK-3β (K85R). Forty-eight hours after transfection, the mitochondria were stained with MitoTracker Red. Observation by time-lapse microscopy (Eclipse Ti-E, Nikon) revealed that WT but not K85R translocated from the cytosol to the mitochondria and induced cell death after exposure to H2O2 (10 μM). The prevalence of apoptosis was significantly lower in K85R-transfected cells than in WT-transfected cells (22±4% vs. 31±5%). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of anti-GSK-3β-immunoprecipitates obtained from H9c2 cell lysates revealed that exposure to H2O2 increased the density of nine spots on the 2D-gel, one of which was shown to contain voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) 2 by TOF/MS analysis. Transfection of H9c2 cells with VDAC2-siRNA significantly attenuated mitochondrial translocation of WT in response to H2O2 challenge compared with transfection of control-siRNA (GSK-3β-positive mitochondria/total mitochondria=36±3% vs. 76±3%). Based on similarities to known mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTSs), we hypothesized that GSK-3β contains an MTS consisting of N-terminal 15 amino acid residues dotted with positively charged amino acid residues, R4, R6 and K15. To analyze the function of the possible MTS, one of these amino acid residues was replaced with alanine by site-directed mutagenesis. Among the mutants, K15A, but not R6A and R4A, showed significant attenuation in mitochondrial translocation after 5 min-exposure to H2O2 compared with WT (45±5%, 51±5%, 75±7% vs. 76±3%). Conclusion: Kinase activity of GSK-3β and interaction with VDAC2 significantly promote translocation of GSK-3β to mitochondria. An N-terminal domain of GSK-3β, possibly as an MTS, may mediate its mitochondrial translocation in response to oxidative stress. We propose that suppression of mitochondrial translocation of GSK-3β by modifying interaction with VDAC2 and/or N-terminal MTS could be a novel therapeutic strategy to suppress ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Gene-Gene Interaction between APOA4 and FTO for Obesity in TARF Study
Authors: Filiz Geyik, Neslihan Çoban, Berna Yüzbaşıoğulları, Altan Onat, Vedat Sansoy, Can Günay, Nihan Erginel Ünaltuna
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)