tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
L-carnitine therapy in isovaleric acidemia.
Authors: C R Roe, D S Millington, D A Maltby, S G Kahler, T P Bohan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Isovaleric acidemia, resulting from isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, is associated with marked reduction of free carnitine in both plasma and urine. Fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry, hydrolysis, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry have unequivocally identified the existence of isovalerylcarnitine, a new metabolite specific for this disorder. Administration of equimolar amounts of glycine or L-carnitine separately with leucine demonstrated that isovaleryl-coenzyme A is removed by supplemental L-carnitine in the form of isovalerylcarnitine as effectively as it is by glycine, in the form of isovalerylglycine. When L-carnitine is given alone, excretion of isovalerylglycine decreases in preference to enhanced excretion of isovalerylcarnitine and hippurate. Treatment with L-carnitine alone has proven effective in preventing further hospitalizations in a patient with this genetic disorder.
Guillotine Needle Biopsy as a Supplement to Endosonography in the Diagnosis of Gastric Submucosal Tumors
Authors: G. C. Caletti, E. Brocchi, A. Ferrari, G. Bonora, D. Santini, G. Mazzoleni, L. Barbara
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

The presumptive diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors can be made by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) but histological confirmation is still required. A special guillotine biopsy device (Flexi-Temno) which enables collection of adequate submucosal samples by the endoscopic approach was therefore evaluated. After visualization by EUS the guillotine needle biopsy was performed in 21 patients with submucosal tumors of the stomach. There were 2 failures in 2 patients with leiomyomas. The diagnosis suggested by EUS was confirmed by guillotine biopsy in 17 cases. Guillotine biopsy detected 2 cases of unsuspected leiomyosarcoma which were confirmed surgically. In cases of solid submucosal tumors confirmed on EUS, the guillotine needle biopsy enables a definitive histologic diagnosis. Thus malignancies can be detected when EUS findings are not significant.
ET-54 * IMMUNOTHERAPY BASED ON TUMOR TRANSPLANT ANTIGEN RECOGNITION EMERGES AS A PROMISING STRATEGY FOR RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME (GBM) PATIENTS
Authors: Virgil Schijns, Chrystel Pretto, Laurent Devillers, Denis Pierre, Florence Hofman, Carol Kruse, Thomas Chen, Joachim Oertel, Peter Hantos, Daniela Bota, Apostolos Stathopoulos
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) prognosis remains very poor. This is especially true when the tumors relapse on the current standard of care treatments. Our preclinical data, generated in a rat CNS-1 glioma model in Lewis rats, provided the scientific rationale for a prototype clinical vaccine preparation, named ERC 1671 (Gliovac). ERC1671 is composed of autologous antigens, derived from the patient's own tumour tissue, and administered in conjunction with allogeneic antigens from histologically confirmed glioma tumours removed from other glioma patients. This new treatment was administered to recurrent, treatment resistant GBM patients, and compared to historic controls. 12 GBM patients with recurrent disease who recurred after standard of care treatment, including surgery followed by concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide, and for US patients, bevacizumab as second line treatment were treated under compassionate use/ hospital exemption protocols. ERC 1671 was given intra-dermally, every three days. Each injection was administered together with human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (Leukine®), and preceded by a regimen of regulatory T cell-depleting, low-dose cyclophosphamide. Our data suggest that ERC1671 administration in patients that have failed standard of care therapies enhances both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Median OS for all 12 ERC1671 treated patients was 36 weeks versus 13 weeks in the historical control group (p= 0.0076). Patients with a higher KPS at tumour recurrence (>60) had a longer OS (43 weeks). Six-month survival for the 12 patients was 60% versus 20% in the historical control groups. Six-month survival for the 7 patients with KPS > 60 was 100%. Our first results suggest that ERC1671 has low toxicity and very promising efficacy. A phase II trial has recently been initiated in recurrent, bevacizumab naïve GBM patients (NCT00122681).
Effects of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade in the Carcinoid Syndrome.
Authors: George D. Ludwig
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Effects of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade in the Carcinoid Syndrome.George D. Ludwig, M.D., F.A.C.P., William Cushard, M.D., Doris Bartuska, M.D., Roberto Franco, M.D., Louis Chaykin, M.D.George D. Ludwig, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, William Cushard, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Doris Bartuska, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Roberto Franco, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Louis Chaykin, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1188_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough serotonin may be responsible for the diarrhea of the carcinoid syndrome, recent evidence suggests that bradykinen induces the flushes and the vascular phenomena. A rise in hepatic venous bradykinen concentration accompanying flushing has been demonstrated, and a specific kallikrein has been isolated from carcinoid cells. Catecholamines can induce flushing attacks. Since intravenous epinephrine is more effective than norepinephrine in this regard and since alpha-adrenergic blocking agents are ineffective in carcinoid patients, a study of the effect of beta blockade in the carcinoid syndrome seemed warranted. Studies were made in four patients with metastatic carcinoid from primary ileal carcinoids.In... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: George D. Ludwig, M.D., F.A.C.P.; William Cushard, M.D.; Doris Bartuska, M.D.; Roberto Franco, M.D.; Louis Chaykin, M.D.Affiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPatients with Carcinoid SyndromeTherapy of Metastatic Carcinoid Tumor and the Carcinoid SyndromeCarcinoid syndrome: its relevance to the anaesthetistProgress report: the carcinoid syndrome.Massive hepatic resection for the carcinoid syndrome 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1188-1188KeywordsAttentionCatecholaminesCellsDiarrheaEpinephrineNorepinephrineSerotonin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Problems of the Predominantly Negro Medical School
Authors: Lloyd C. Elam
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The existence of the Negro medical schools grew out of a culture which America would like to forget-for they were brought about because other schools would not admit Negro students. When the heads of other schools said that Negroes did not have the intelligence (or background) to become doctors, these schools showed that not only could they become doctors, but that some would serve with distinction. There have been many changes in the past 95 years and these schools persist as vignettes to remind us of a past theory that black men had inferior minds, or a later period when black doctors could not have appointments in some hospitals or top posts in medical schools, or belong to county societies. Precisely because these schools remind us of things which black and white Americans would like to forget, it would be easy to blame these schools for the ills which they
Risk of Relapse in Primary Acute Anterior Uveitis
Authors: Lili Grunwald, Craig W. Newcomb, Ebenezer Daniel, R. Oktay Kaçmaz, Douglas A. Jabs, Grace A. Levy-Clarke, Robert B. Nussenblatt, James T. Rosenbaum, Eric B. Suhler, Jennifer E. Thorne, C. Stephen Foster, John H. Kempen
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
TOTAL SURGICAL REMOVAL OF THE LIVER IN RABBITS
Authors: D. R. Drury
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

A technique is described for total removal of the liver of the rabbit without circulatory difficulties as a result. The method requires a preliminary operation to induce a development of portal and caval collaterals. Rabbits deprived of the liver in this manner if given glucose live for varying periods up to 40 hours. Before death they show the same disturbances as do hepatectomized dogs. They die early, of hypoglycemia, unless provided with sugar.
FGF-23 and Outcomes Research — When Physiology Meets Epidemiology
Authors: Chi-yuan Hsu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In this issue of the Journal, Gutiérrez and colleagues report the results of a study, conducted with an efficient nested case–cohort design, that showed that among patients who were beginning hemodialysis treatment, higher serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) at the initiation of dialysis predicted 1-year mortality (odds ratio for the highest vs. lowest quartile, 5.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.6 to 12.6).1 This association was independent of serum phosphate levels and other confounders recorded in a clinical database. This article is of interest because it concerns a subject that is at the intersection of several important evolving areas. . . .
Analysis of interinstitutional observer agreement in interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiograms
Authors: Rainer Hoffmann, Harald Lethen, Thomas Marwick, Mariarosaria Arnese, Paolo Fioretti, Alessandro Pingitore, Eugenio Picano, Thomas Buck, Raimund Erbel, Frank A. Flachskampf, Peter Hanrath
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: HENRY F. HELMHOLZ
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Exophthalmic goiter is an extremely rare condition in early childhood, but becomes more common with the approach of puberty. Plummer<sup>1</sup>recognizes two types of hyperthyroidism in adults, exophthalmic goiter and adenomatous goiter with hyperthyroidism. The latter is rarely found in persons tinder 25 years of age, and has never been recorded as occurring in childhood. Plummer conceives of the clinicophysiologic complex of exophthalmic goiter "as that following the administration of thyroxin, or that associated with hyperfunctioning adenomatous thyroid plus certain notable characteristic findings that can be grouped as ocular symptoms, the characteristic nervous phenomena, and the tendency to crises which may terminate in death." According to this conception, exophthalmic goiter and hyperthyroidism in children denote the same condition, although some observers have considered them as separate entities. From the study of the metabolic rate in children with exophthalmic goiter, it has been learned that the severity of the ocular
Diagnosis of appendicitis.
Authors: M Love
Journal: BMJ (1971)

specific infection, seems a convincing argu- ment for routine testing by general practi- tioners of the sexually-active women patients on their lists.Even if a large majority of women examined should prove to be free from any form of genital infection, routine screening programmes-wherever carried out -offer the only means of eventually controlling sexually-transmitted disease.-Weare, etc.,
Alteration of extracellular matrix modulators after nonablative laser therapy in skin rejuvenation
Authors: J. Oh, N. Kim, S. Seo, I-H. Kim
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Background Nonablative laser therapy is widely practised for skin rejuvenation, which stimulates collagen production and dermal matrix remodelling. Matrix remodelling is primarily modulated by a coordinated action of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, but the effects of nonablative lasers on these matrix modulators are not fully investigated. Objectives To evaluate the changes in matrix modulators, such as MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MT1-MMP, and their inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and RECK in particular), after nonablative laser treatments of human facial skin. Methods Twenty-four adult volunteers received a series of four nonablative laser treatments separated by 3-week intervals on facial skin. Two-millimetre skin punch biopsies were obtained at baseline and 3 weeks after the last treatment. Results Nonablative laser treatments led to a robust increase in two major dermal matrix components, type I collagen and tropoelastin. Among MMPs tested, levels of MMP-2 mRNA were statistically significantly increased, but the amount of active MMP-2 was rather reduced. More importantly, the expression level of RECK was significantly enhanced by laser treatments. Conclusions Clinical outcomes following nonablative laser treatments may result not only from increased biosynthesis but also from decreased degradation, via an induction of RECK expression, of matrix proteins.
Glucose effectiveness assessed under dynamic and steady state conditions. Comparability of uptake versus production components.
Authors: M Ader, T C Ni, R N Bergman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Glucose tolerance is determined by both insulin action and insulin-independent effects, or "glucose effectiveness," which includes glucose-mediated stimulation of glucose uptake (Rd) and suppression of hepatic glucose output (HGO). Despite its importance to tolerance, controversy surrounds accurate assessment of glucose effectiveness. Furthermore, the relative contributions of glucose's actions on Rd and HGO under steady state and dynamic conditions are unclear. We performed hyperglycemic clamps and intravenous glucose tolerance tests in eight normal dogs, and assessed glucose effectiveness by two independent methods. During clamps, glucose was raised to three successive 90-min hyperglycemic plateaus by variable labeled glucose infusion rate; glucose effectiveness (GE) was quantified as the slope of the dose-response relationship between steady state glucose and glucose infusion rate (GE[CLAMP(total)]), Rd (GE[CLAMP(uptake)]) or HGO (GE[CLAMP(HGO)]). During intravenous glucose tolerance tests, tritiated glucose (1.2 microCi/kg) was injected with cold glucose (0.3 g/kg); glucose and tracer dynamics were analyzed using a two-compartment model of glucose kinetics to obtain Rd and HGO components of glucose effectiveness. All experiments were performed during somatostatin inhibition of islet secretion, and basal insulin and glucagon replacement. During clamps, Rd rose from basal (2.54+/-0.20) to 3.95+/-0.54, 6.76+/-1.21, and 9.48+/-1.27 mg/min per kg during stepwise hyperglycemia; conversely, HGO declined to 2.06+/-0.17, 1.17+/-0.19, and 0.52+/-0.33 mg/min per kg. Clamp-based glucose effectiveness was 0.0451+/-0.0061, 0.0337+/-0.0060, and 0.0102+/-0.0009 dl/min per kg for GE[CLAMP(total)], GE[CLAMP(uptake)], and GE[CLAMP(HGO)], respectively. Glucose's action on Rd dominated overall glucose effectiveness (72.2+/-3.3% of total), a result virtually identical to that obtained during intravenous glucose tolerance tests (71.6+/-6.1% of total). Both methods yielded similar estimates of glucose effectiveness. These results provide strong support that glucose effectiveness can be reliably estimated, and that glucose-stimulated Rd is the dominant component during both steady state and dynamic conditions.
CD29 expressed on plasma cells is activated by divalent cations and soluble CD106 contained in the bone marrow plasma: refractory activation is associated with enhanced proliferation and exit of clonal plasma cells to circulation in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: E Martínez-Viñambres, J A García-Trujillo, E Rodríguez-Martín, L M Villar, J Coll, E Roldán
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Myocardial ultrastructure after acute exercise stress with special reference to transverse tubules and intercalated discs
Authors: R. J. TOMANEK, E. W. BANISTER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

The ultrastructure of the myocardium was evaluated in perfused-fixed hearts from rats acutely stressed by exhaustive exercise. Vesiculations in the intercalated disc region, which arise from non-specialized gaps and communicate with T tubules, show varying degrees of dilatation. Mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum maintain normal ultrastructure. Alterations after acute exercise may be related to ionic changes.
The Future of Medical Care
Authors: F. Andrew Morfesis
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.  —Dr Gleicher's article 1 about the issues of cost control in medical  contains summary conclusions, which do not address the assumptions that underlie the present crisis; rather, they are typical of the thinking that has led to it.  Good medical care is not anyone's right. It is a privilege. Further, the assumption that everyone deserves identical medical services, rich and poor, responsible and irresponsible, underlies our inflexibility in the face of our fiscal crisis.  The medical community should not agree to any type of fiscal manipulation. We have a market economy and antitrust laws to determine the prices and availability of services. Indeed, what is needed is less regulation of health  provision, not more.  As regards the issue of standards, if Gleicher wants to criticize the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations and similar organizations, he should do so directly. I think their goals
Concealed Tuberculosis or "The Tired Sickness." A Clinical Study upon the Exhaustion Type of Hidden Tuberculosis Infections.
Authors: Georqe Douglass Head
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mast cells mediate malignant pleural effusion formation
Authors: Anastasios D. Giannou, Antonia Marazioti, Magda Spella, Nikolaos I. Kanellakis, Hara Apostolopoulou, Ioannis Psallidas, Zeljko M. Prijovich, Malamati Vreka, Dimitra E. Zazara, Ioannis Lilis, Vassilios Papaleonidopoulos, Chrysoula A. Kairi, Alexandra L. Patmanidi, Ioanna Giopanou, Nikolitsa Spiropoulou, Vaggelis Harokopos, Vassilis Aidinis, Dionisios Spyratos, Stamatia Teliousi, Helen Papadaki, Stavros Taraviras, Linda A. Snyder, Oliver Eickelberg, Dimitrios Kardamakis, Yoichiro Iwakura, Thorsten B. Feyerabend, Hans-Reimer Rodewald, Ioannis Kalomenidis, Timothy S. Blackwell, Theodora Agalioti, Georgios T. Stathopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Mast cells (MCs) have been identified in various tumors; however, the role of these cells in tumorigenesis remains controversial. Here, we quantified MCs in human and murine malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) and evaluated the fate and function of these cells in MPE development. Evaluation of murine MPE-competent lung and colon adenocarcinomas revealed that these tumors actively attract and subsequently degranulate MCs in the pleural space by elaborating CCL2 and osteopontin. MCs were required for effusion development, as MPEs did not form in mice lacking MCs, and pleural infusion of MCs with MPE-incompetent cells promoted MPE formation. Once homed to the pleural space, MCs released tryptase AB1 and IL-1β, which in turn induced pleural vasculature leakiness and triggered NF-κB activation in pleural tumor cells, thereby fostering pleural fluid accumulation and tumor growth. Evaluation of human effusions revealed that MCs are elevated in MPEs compared with benign effusions. Moreover, MC abundance correlated with MPE formation in a human cancer cell–induced effusion model. Treatment of mice with the c-KIT inhibitor imatinib mesylate limited effusion precipitation by mouse and human adenocarcinoma cells. Together, the results of this study indicate that MCs are required for MPE formation and suggest that MC-dependent effusion formation is therapeutically addressable.
Thyrotoxicosis Treated by Surgery or Iodine-131. With Special Reference to Development of Hypothyroidism
Authors: M. Green, G. M. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Eggs of T. canis and ascarid worm of dogs hatch in man's intestine and give rise to larvae which several studies have shown may damage the sight of man; a further case of this is here reported.A survey carried out among dogs and cats in Southern England indicated that approximately 20% are infected with either T. canis or the related species T. cati.There is therefore a considerable possibility that infection with these parasites may occur more commonly than is generally realized among households in which a dog or cat is kept.The seeming predilection that toxocara larvae have for invad- ing the eye is thought to be more apparent than real.When, however, the larvae invade tissues other than the eye, diagnosis of the infection is difficult and clinically may be manifest only by a transient allergic state.In view of this, experiments have been carried out using an intradermal test with antigen prepared from adult T. canis.When antigen in a dilution of 1 in 1000 is used, cross- reactions do not seem to occur in patients infected with worms other than T. canis or T. cati and false-positive reactions rarely if ever occur in controls free from demonstrable infections.The use of this test in a series of 35 patients with a history of past or present asthma, urticarial skin eruptions, choroido- retinitis, or otherwise unexplained eosinophilia indicated that 11 of them had been infected with T. canis or T. cati in the past.It is suggested that more attention should be given to the danger these infections constitute to the public health.Many members of the medical unit at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases have assisted in this work at various times and we are particularly grateful to
THE KAHN JEST IN PRIMARY SYPHILIS
Authors: J. C. WILLETT
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Clinicians have long recognized that treatment in syphilis is most effective if begun during the primary stage. This renders the diagnosis of this stage of the utmost importance. As an aid in such diagnosis, this laboratory utilized up to August, 1927, the Wassermann and the early Kahn procedure in addition to dark field examinations for Spirochaeta pallida . It was found that these serologic tests became positive only in a small percentage of the cases before the second or third week following the appearance of the chancre. When the standard Kahn test 1 was adopted in these laboratories in August, we began to observe a marked increase in the number of positive reactions during the early primary stage. These reactions have been occurring with such frequency that it seemed worth while to make a preliminary report of our observations. In this article,  the results with the Kahn test will be presented