tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Study of 69 Genes in the Ret Pathway Identifies Low-penetrance Loci in Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Sergio Ruiz-Llorente, Cristina Montero-Conde, Roger L. Milne, Christian M. Moya, Arancha Cebrián, Rocío Letón, Alberto Cascón, Fátima Mercadillo, Iñigo Landa, Salud Borrego, Guiomar Pérez de Nanclares, Cristina Álvarez-Escolá, José Ángel Díaz-Pérez, Ángel Carracedo, Miguel Urioste, Anna González-Neira, Javier Benítez, Pilar Santisteban, Joaquín Dopazo, Bruce A. Ponder, Mercedes Robledo
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract To date, few association studies have been done to better understand the genetic basis for the development of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (sMTC). To identify additional low-penetrance genes, we have done a two-stage case-control study in two European populations using high-throughput genotyping. We selected 417 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) belonging to 69 genes either related to RET signaling pathway/functions or involved in key processes for cancer development. TagSNPs and functional variants were included where possible. These SNPs were initially studied in the largest known series of sMTC cases (n = 266) and controls (n = 422), all of Spanish origin. In stage II, an independent British series of 155 sMTC patients and 531 controls was included to validate the previous results. Associations were assessed by an exhaustive analysis of individual SNPs but also considering gene- and linkage disequilibrium–based haplotypes. This strategy allowed us to identify seven low-penetrance genes, six of them (STAT1, AURKA, BCL2, CDKN2B, CDK6, and COMT) consistently associated with sMTC risk in the two case-control series and a seventh (HRAS) with individual SNPs and haplotypes associated with sMTC in the Spanish data set. The potential role of CDKN2B was confirmed by a functional assay showing a role of a SNP (rs7044859) in the promoter region in altering the binding of the transcription factor HNF1. These results highlight the utility of association studies using homogeneous series of cases for better understanding complex diseases. [Cancer Res 2007;67(19):9561–7]
Clinical Characteristics of Adolescent Patients with Refractory Chronic Idiopathic/Spontaneous Urticaria (CIU/CSU) in Three Phase III Studies with Omalizumab
Authors: Stanley Goldstein, David P. Skoner, Benjamin Ortiz, Farid Kianifard, Julie Vu, Meryl Mendelson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Association of Oxidative Stress, Insulin Resistance, and Diabetes Risk Phenotypes
Authors: James B. Meigs, Martin G. Larson, Caroline S. Fox, John F. Keaney, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Emelia J. Benjamin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Systemic oxidative stress causes insulin resistance in rodents. We tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress and insulin resistance are associated in humans.We used cross-sectional data from 2,002 nondiabetic subjects of the community-based Framingham Offspring Study. We measured insulin resistance with the homeostasis model and defined categorical insulin resistance as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) > 75th percentile. We measured oxidative stress using the ratio of urine 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-epi-PGF2alpha) to creatinine and used age- and sex-adjusted regression models to test the association of oxidative stress with insulin resistance in individuals without diabetes and among subgroups at elevated risk of diabetes.Across 8-epi-PGF2alpha/creatinine tertiles, the prevalence of insulin resistance increased (18.0, 27.5, and 29.4% for the first, second, and third tertiles, respectively; P < 0.0001), as did mean levels of HOMA-IR (3.28, 3.83, and 4.06 units; P < 0.0001). The insulin resistance-oxidative stress association was attenuated by additional adjustment for BMI (P = 0.06 across tertiles for insulin resistance prevalence; P = 0.004 for mean HOMA-IR). Twenty-six percent of participants were obese (BMI > or = 30 kg/m2), 39% had metabolic syndrome (according to the Adult Treatment Panel III definition), and 37% had impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (fasting glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/l). Among 528 obese participants, respectively, insulin resistance prevalence was 41.3, 60.6, and 54.2% across 8-epi-PGF2alpha/creatinine tertiles (P = 0.005); among 781 subjects with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance prevalence was 41.3, 56.7, and 51.7% (P = 0.0025); and among 749 subjects with IFG, insulin resistance prevalence was 39.6, 47.2, and 51.6% (P = 0.04).Systemic oxidative stress is associated with insulin resistance in individuals at average or elevated risk of diabetes even after accounting for BMI.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 drives annexin A2 system-mediated perivascular fibrin clearance in oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice
Authors: Bihui Huang, Arun B. Deora, Kai-Li He, Kang Chen, Guangzhi Sui, Andrew T. Jacovina, Dena Almeida, Peng Hong, Paul Burgman, Katherine A. Hajjar
Journal: Blood (2011)
SPECIFIC AND NON-SPECIFIC POLYSACCHARIDES OF TYPE IV PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: Michael Heidelberger, Forrest E. Kendall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

1. Three nitrogen-containing polysaccharides have been isolated from autolyzed cultures of Type IV pneumococcus: (1) a type-specific carbohydrate differing markedly from those of Type I, II, and III pneumococcus, and representing a type of substance hitherto not observed among specific polysaccharides, (2) a chemically similar carbohydrate without specific function, and (3) the "C" substance, or species-specific polysaccharide of Tillett, Goebel, and Avery. 2. The chemical differences between the specific polysaccharides of Pneumococcus are discussed, and the relationship of the new examples to chitin is pointed out and its bearing indicated on the unsettled controversy as to whether or not chitin occurs in bacteria. 3. The data of Tillett, Goebel, and Avery on the "C" substance have been extended.
The Relationship Between Prenatal Exposure to Lead and Congenital Anomalies
Authors: Herbert L. Needleman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

We obtained umbilical cord blood from 5,183 consecutive deliveries of at least 20 weeks' gestation and analyzed them for lead concentration. Those demographic and socioeconomic variables, including lead, which were shown on univariate analysis to be associated with increased risk for congenital anomalies were evaluated and controlled by entering them into a stepwise logistic-regression model with malformation as the outcome. Coffee, alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use, which were associated with lead level, but not risk of malformation, were also controlled. The model was reduced in steps by eliminating the variables with the highest P value, until the most parsimonious model was created. The relative risk for anomalies associated with lead was then calculated while holding other covariates constant. Lead was found to be associated, in a dose-related fashion, with an increased risk for minor anomalies.
Flexible letter-position coding is unlikely to hold for morphologically rich languages
Authors: Jukka Hyönä, Raymond Bertram
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract We agree with Frost that flexible letter-position coding is unlikely to be a universal property of word recognition across different orthographies. We argue that it is particularly unlikely in morphologically rich languages like Finnish. We also argue that dual-route models are not overly flexible and that they are well equipped to adapt to the linguistic environment at hand.
Children in wheelchairs.
Authors: A Wisbeach, K S Holt
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Three hundred and seventy-five families replied to a questionnaire about the use of their disabled children's wheelchairs. Many problems were found, such as difficulty in folding the chair and placing it in the car boot and difficulty in using pulbic transport. These families need adequate guidance to anticipate and deal with the problems. Provision of a wheelchair does not solve the mobility problems. The parents are faced with the task of transporting both the disabled child and the wheelchair whenever they want to use their own car or public transport. Ease of folding and lightness are important criteria for wheelchairs carried by cars. Parents need careful guidance about selecting suitable cars and also need to be shown how to lift the chairs without endangering their backs. Such advice should be provided by every wheelchair clinic and assessment and rehabilitation certre.
DNA integration sites and hepatocellular carcinoma Fourel G, Trepo C, Bougueleret L, Henglein B, Ponzetto A, Tiollais P, Buendia MA. Frequent activation of N-myc genes by hepadnavirus insertion in woodchuck liver tumours. Nature 1990;347:294–298
Authors: D Daugherty
Journal: Hepatology (1991)
Direct perception of global invariants is not a fruitful notion
Authors: C. (Lieke) E. Peper, Peter J. Beek
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

The epistemological premises and scientific viability of Stoffregen & Bardy's ecological perspective are evaluated by analyzing the concept of direct perception of global invariants vis-à-vis (1) behavioral evidence that perception is based on the integration of modal sources of information and (2) neurophysiological aspects of the integration of sensory signals.
Lead Poisoning From the Use of Indian Folk Medicines
Authors: E. M. Harder
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Folk medicines from various cultures may contain levels of toxic compounds high enough to cause poisoning.<sup>1,2</sup>Lead poisoning due to the use of certain folk medicines among Asian Indians living in the United States has been reported previously.<sup>3-5</sup>The following case involves a non-Asian US resident who received treatment through "alternative medical" channels. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> In August 1989, a 41-year-old white, non-Hispanic woman from Seattle, Wash, was hospitalized with a 1-month history of increasing abdominal pain, obstipation, and weight loss. A gastroenterologist was consulted. Laboratory test results revealed a hypochromic anemia (hematocrit, 28.8), basophilic stippling, reticulocytosis (2.7 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L), and normal leukocyte and platelet counts. The results of serum chemistry and other diagnostic tests were unremarkable, except for a blood lead level of 3.43 μmol/L. To determine the source of the lead exposure, we took an in-depth medical history of the
Scutwork and the Real World
Authors: Michael L. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 January 1992Scutwork and the Real WorldMichael L. Smith, MDMichael L. Smith, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-2-172_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: In the article, "A Phenomenology of Scut," you could substitute "physician" for "resident" in the paragraph on page 373 (1):Ninety-eight percent of residents and 83% of faculty reported a clear understanding of scutwork and described it as nonurgent, of little educational value, within the competence of nonphysicians, peripheral to the resident's role in patient care, and generated by persons who do not appreciate the resident's workload or who take for granted the resident's availability.Just as it is naive to think that education stops after residency and fellowship, it is naive to expect that scutwork stops...Reference1. HaywardRockwoodSheehanBass RKGE. A phenomenology of scut. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:372-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael L. Smith, MDAffiliations: 406 Hospital Drive Warrenton, VA 22186 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAcademia Is Not Scutwork FreeFredrick B. Hagemeister, MD 15 January 1992Volume 116, Issue 2Page: 172-172KeywordsFellowshipsPatientsResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 January 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Saccular Aortic Aneurysm Simulating Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Herbert L. Fred, Elizabeth Douglass, Rohini Raghunathan, Federico Ng
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Figure 1.  
Top left. Chest radiograph of a 60-year-old man with acute cerebral infarction. The large, smoothly rounded, left hilar mass suggests a pulmonary artery aneurysm.





 Figure 2.  
Top right. Lateral view shows the mass to be in the middle mediastinum …
Chloramphenicol-Responsive Chronic Neutropenia
Authors: Gene R. Adams, Howard A. Pearson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

THE neutropenias of childhood are a group of disorders sharing the common features of neutropenia and increased frequency of bacterial infections.1 Several mechanisms underlie these diseases, including a deficiency of stem-cell development, failure of maturation or release of neutrophils from the marrow, and decreased neutrophil survival.2 So-called chronic benign neutropenia is characterized by neutropenia associated with a myeloid maturation "arrest" in the marrow.3 , 4 Inherited and sporadic types of this syndrome have been described. In some patients the term "benign" may be inaccurate, because life-threatening infections and deaths have occured. Various types of therapy, including treatment with steroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and . . .
Couples facing death. II--Unsatisfactory communication.
Authors: A Stedeford
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Forty-one couples facing the prospect of separation by death were interviewed about how the nature and prognosis of their illness had been discussed with them by their general practitioner hospital staff, and the staff of the continuing care unit to which they were admitted. Communication between husband and wife and how they coped with telling their parents and their children was also assessed. Treatment was given when they were anxious or dissatisfied about the quality of communication in any of these areas. The couples found hospital doctors least successful at communication. Almost all who were dissatisfied wanted more information, not less. The wish to protect dependent relatives conflicted with the wish to be open, making decisions very difficult. Considerable suffering is caused by poor communication, and much of this is avoidable.
Reproductive and developmental effects of disinfection by-products in drinking water.
Authors: J S Reif, M C Hatch, M Bracken, L B Holmes, B A Schwetz, P C Singer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Recent epidemiologic studies have reported associations between the consumption of chlorinated drinking water and reproductive and developmental effects. Here we review the available epidemiologic data, assess the hazard potential posed by exposure to disinfection by-products, identify critical data gaps, and offer recommendations for further research. The epidemiologic evidence supporting associations between exposure to water disinfection by-products (DBPs) and adverse pregnancy outcomes is sparse, and positive findings should be interpreted cautiously. The methods used during the early stages of research in this area have been diverse. Variability in exposure assessment and endpoints makes it difficult to synthesize or combine the available data. Exposure misclassification and unmeasured confounding may have lead to bias in risk estimation. Future studies of reproductive outcome and exposure to chlorinated water should use improved methods for exposure assessment to 1) assure selection of appropriate exposure markers, 2) assess seasonal and annual fluctuations in DBPs, 3) assess variability within the distribution system, and 4) assess exposure through multiple routes such as bathing and showering, as well as consumption. Population-based studies should be conducted to evaluate male and female fertility, conception delay, growth retardation, and specific birth defects. The reproductive and developmental effects of exposure to DBPs could be efficiently explored in ongoing investigations by incorporating valid exposure markers and relevant questionnaire information. Future studies should make use of naturally occurring variability in the concentrations of DBPs and may incorporate biomarkers of exposure and effect in their design. Epidemiologic investigations should be conducted in parallel with laboratory-based and animal studies in a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach.
Subjects' Recent Life Changes and Coronary Heart Disease in Finland
Authors: RICHARD H. RAHE, LINDA BENNETT, RANSOM J. ARTHUR, MATTI ROMO, PENTTI SILTANEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

Data on recent life changes were gathered for 279 survivors of myocardial infarction and 226 victims of sudden coronary death in Helsinki, Finland. Subjects in both groups experienced a significant increase in recent life changes during the six months prior to infarction or death compared with the same six-month period one year earlier. Subjects were compared according to whether they had shown marked, moderate, or no increase in recent life changes. The authors point out the usefulness of including data on precipitating factors in prospective studies of coronary heart disease along with data on such physical risk factors as serum cholesterol levels and systolic blood pressure.
815-5 Long-term results of primary nonfacilitated percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction patients transferred for up to 100 kilometers: Results of a real-life registry
Authors: Maciej Karcz, Pawel Bekta, Cezary Kepka, Ewa Ksiezycka, Andrzej Ciszewski, Zbigniew Chmielak, Marcin Demkow, Artur Debski, Michal Ciszewski, Adam Witkowski, Witold Ruzyllo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Advances in molecular genetics, transgenic models, and gene therapy for the study of pulmonary diseases.
Authors: B T Mossman, R Mason, J A McDonald, D B Gail
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

"Advances in molecular genetics, transgenic models, and gene therapy for the study of pulmonary diseases.." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 151(6), pp. 2065–2069
NOVEL HYBRID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY- MAGNETIC RESONANCE (PET-MR) MULTI-MODALITY INFLAMMATORY IMAGING HAS IMPROVED DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY FOR DETECTING CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS
Authors: Eleanor C. Wicks, Leon Menezes, Antonis Pantazis, Saidi Mohiddin, Celia O'Meara, Joanna Porter, Helen Booth, James Moon, Ashley Groves, Perry M. Elliott
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) polymorphism, alcohol-drinking behavior, and chromosome alterations in peripheral lymphocytes.
Authors: K Morimoto, T Takeshita
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Excessive drinking of alcohol is now widely known to be one of the major lifestyle choices that ca effect health. Among the various effects of alcohol drinking, cytogenetic and other genotoxic effects are of major concern from the viewpoint of prevention of alcohol-related diseases. Alcohol is first metabolized to acetaldehyde, which directly causes various types of chromosomal DNA lesions and alcohol-related diseases, and is then further detoxified to the much less toxic metabolite acetate. About 50% of Oriental people are deficient in the aldehyde-dehydrogenase 2 isozyme (ALDH2) that can most efficiently detoxify acetaldehyde. We have performed a series of experiments to investigate how the genetic deficiency in ALDH2 affects the behavioral pattern for alcohol drinking and the sensitivity of peripheral lymphocytes to the induction of chromosome alterations by exposure to alcohol and alcohol-related chemicals. We found great effects of the ALDH2 genotypes on alcohol sensitivity and alcohol-drinking behavior. We also show that lymphocytes from habitual drinkers with the deficient ALDH2 enzyme had significantly higher frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges than those from ALDH2-proficient individuals.
Contribution of Abcc10 (Mrp7) to <i>In Vivo</i> Paclitaxel Resistance as Assessed in <i>Abcc10−/−</i> Mice
Authors: Elizabeth A. Hopper-Borge, Timothy Churchill, Chelsy Paulose, Emmanuelle Nicolas, Joely D. Jacobs, Olivia Ngo, Yehong Kuang, Alex Grinberg, Heiner Westphal, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Andres J. Klein-Szanto, Martin G. Belinsky, Gary D. Kruh
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Recently, we reported that the ATP-binding cassette transporter 10 (ABCC10), also known as multidrug resistance protein 7 (MRP7), is able to confer resistance to a variety of anticancer agents, including taxanes. However, the in vivo functions of the pump have not been determined to any extent. In this study, we generated and analyzed Abcc10(-/-) mice to investigate the ability of Abcc10 to function as an endogenous resistance factor. Mouse embryo fibroblasts derived from Abcc10(-/-) mice were hypersensitive to docetaxel, paclitaxel, vincristine, and cytarabine (Ara-C) and exhibited increased cellular drug accumulation, relative to wild-type controls. Abcc10(-/-) null mice treated with paclitaxel exhibited increased lethality associated with neutropenia and marked bone marrow toxicity. In addition, toxicity in spleen and thymus was evident. These findings indicate that Abcc10 is dispensable for health and viability and that it is an endogenous resistance factor for taxanes, other natural product agents, and nucleoside analogues. This is the first demonstration that an ATP-binding cassette transporter other than P-glycoprotein can affect in vivo tissue sensitivity toward taxanes.
Alimentary Tract Radiology
Authors: Sanford E. Rabushka
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<i>Alimentary Tract Radiology</i>is truly an encyclopedic work that encompasses the entire gamut of gastrointestinal radiology, including every disease entity and examination modality. More than 100 contributors have written 86 chapters. The work is divided into two volumes of approximately 1000 pages each. Like any compendium, it suffers from a diversity of styles and an unevenness in the detail and throughness of presentation. As an example, the chapter "Radiographic-Endoscopic Correlations in the Gastrointestinal Tract" receives only 18 pages, but the chapter "Infections and Infestations" receives 65 pages. The editors remark in the preface, "We are presenting subjects that are controversial and therefore require some duplication to present different points of view." This is somewhat of an understatement. There is a great deal of redundancy, not necessarily to present different points of view, but often merely restating the same point of view. Another disturbing feature is the practice of adding an
Preeclampsia as a Risk Factor for Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Denice S. Feig, Baiju R. Shah, Lorraine L. Lipscombe, C. Fangyun Wu, Joel G. Ray, Julia Lowe, Jeremiah Hwee, Gillian L. Booth
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Denice Feig and colleagues assess the association between gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia and the development of future diabetes in a database analysis of pregnant women in Ontario, Canada.
Radioiodide Imaging of Struma Cordis
Authors: G D Rieser, K P Ober, R J Cowan, A R Cordell
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

This is the first reported case in which struma cordis was demonstrated with radionuclide imaging. A 56-year-old white woman underwent surgical excision of a benign intracardiac thyroid mass (struma cordis). Subsequent radionuclide imaging with I-123 sodium iodide and Tc-99m labeled red blood cells demonstrated a normal cervical thyroid gland as well as a focus of activity in the mediastinum consistent with intracardiac thyroid.