tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mary Millicent Rayner (née Dale)
Authors: C M Rayner
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​FormerFormer general practitioner King's Norton, Birmingham (b 1923; q Birmingham 1947; MRCGP), died from right middle cerebral artery embolism on 7 October 2005.



Figure 1



Mary decided at the age of 5 that she wanted to become a doctor. To realise her ambition, she had to persuade her headmistress to allow her to attend the local boys' school to study sciences, which were not taught at the girls' school. In 1954 she applied for and was awarded, out of 107 applicants, a practice in King's Norton by the Medical Practices Committee, becoming the first woman to be awarded an NHS practice in this way. Homoeopathy was an abiding interest for her. Predeceased by a son, she leaves a husband, Stephen; six children; and 15 grandchildren.
Dilutional Hypervolemia During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
Authors: Gertie F. Marx
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Absorption of large amounts of isotonic irrigating solution has been reported in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate under regional anesthesia. Arterial hypertension accompanied by slowing of the pulse and mental agitation has been found pathognomonic. With the advent of newer and safer nonexplosive inhalation agents, more electro-resections are performed under general anesthesia. The hospital course of three patients with excessive fluid absorption occurring under inhalation anesthesia is described. The signs of restlessness, nausea, and disorientation are not seen in an unconscious patient. Dyspnea and cyanosis may be delayed by better oxygenation and assisted ventilation. The only signs remaining under general anesthesia are increasing systolic and diastolic pressures, widening pulse pressure and little change in pulse rate.
Women currently reap main benefits of LH-RH research
Authors: E. R. Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identifying people at high risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma: results from a case-control study in Western Australia
Authors: D. R English, B. K Armstrong
Journal: BMJ (1988)

To assess whether screening people at high risk of malignant melanoma would be effective in reducing the mortality from the disease data from 400 case-control pairs in a study of cutaneous malignant melanoma conducted in Western Australia during 1980-1 were used to predict the risk of melanoma in the remaining 111 pairs. All variables previously shown to be associated with a decrease or increase in the incidence of melanoma were considered for inclusion in a single conditional logistic regression model of the incidence of melanoma in the randomly chosen subset of 400 case-control pairs. Five of these variables--number of raised naevi on the arms, arrival in Australia before 10 years of age, history of non-melanocytic skin cancer, time spent outdoors in summer from the age of 10 to 24, and family history of melanoma--provided good discrimination between patients and controls in this sample and the 111 other case-control pairs. Among the 222 subjects in these other case-control pairs a group defined as being at high risk of melanoma by a risk score derived from these five variables contained 60 (54%) of the patients with melanoma but only 18 (16%) of the controls. These data suggest that in Western Australia more than half of all new patients with melanoma arise in an identifiable subpopulation constituting less than one fifth of the whole population. Identifying this subpopulation and screening it regularly for cutaneous malignant melanoma could be cost effective in reducing mortality from this disease.
Population Health Significance of Gestational Diabetes
Authors: N. Wah Cheung, Karen Byth
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Women who have had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a high risk of subsequently developing diabetes. However, the contribution of GDM toward the total population of people with diabetes, or its population health impact, has not been examined. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the population health significance of GDM by estimating the proportion of cases of diabetes in women that would have been preceded by a pregnancy complicated by GDM.A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify controlled follow-up studies of women with GDM. Meta-analysis of these studies, using the Mantel-Haenszel method for pooling relative risks (RRs), provided an overall RR for the development of diabetes in women with GDM versus control women who had been pregnant without GDM. Recent large studies examining the prevalence of GDM were also reviewed. This enabled the calculation of the population-attributable risk (PAR) for these populations. In this case, the PAR represents the proportion of cases of diabetes among parous women that were associated with previous GDM.From six controlled follow-up studies, the overall RR for developing diabetes after GDM was calculated to be 6.0 (95% CI 4.1-8.8). Applying this to the studies of GDM prevalence, the PAR for GDM ranged from 0.10 to 0.31 (i.e., 10-31% of parous women with diabetes would have experienced a GDM pregnancy earlier).In some populations, women who have had GDM comprise a substantial proportion of subjects who ultimately develop diabetes. Effective measures to prevent women with GDM from progressing to frank diabetes could therefore have a significant population health impact.
888-2 Does left ventricular hypertrophy predict sudden cardiac death independent of ischemia? The LIFE study
Authors: Kristian Wachtell, Michael H Olsen, Richard B Devereux, Hans Ibsen, Sverre E Kjeldsen, Stevo Julius, Lars H Lindholm, Markku S Nieminen, Björn Dahlöf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
ULCER OF THE GREATER GASTRIC CURVATURE
Authors: Arthur David Silk
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Benign gastric ulcer of the greater curvature is deemed by some to be extremely rare. Lahey<sup>1</sup>states that he has never seen this condition. Allen and Welsh,<sup>2</sup>in a review of gastric ulcers removed surgically, report that in their series 100% of the ulcers of the greater curvature were malignant. Boudreau and co-workers,<sup>3</sup>on the other hand, described 234 gastric ulcers discovered at autopsy; 47 were found to be on the greater curvature, and, of these, 24 (51%) were benign. Palmer states that among 100 patients with benign gastric ulcer 9 (9%) had ulcers of the greater curvature.<sup>4</sup>We have been able to establish the diagnosis of benign ulcer of the greater curvature clinically (confirmed at surgery) in four patients from the large gastroenterology services of two hospitals and in two others in a private practice devoted exclusively to gastroenterology. Review of the autopsy material in
Working long hours and conflict of interest
Authors: A Watterson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - The approach of the BMJ on conflicts of interest is to be welcomed.1 The BMJ's policy, which now addresses potential conflicts of interests among contributors, including letter writers,2 by asking such authors to declare any potential conflicts, is an important and positive development. Readers should be entitled to know whether authors are receiving or have received funding from commercial, governmental, or non-governmental organisations relating to their published work. This should not detract from the value of such editorials but will …
1157-50 Hyperinsulinemia is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction in obese and nondiabetic patients
Authors: Hideki Okui, Shuichi Hamasaki, Takashi Yoshitama, Sanemasa Ishida, Akiko Yoshikawa, Tetsuro Kataoka, Koji Orihara, Masakazu Ogawa, Tsuyoshi Fukudome, Naoya Oketani, Keishi Saihara, Takuro Shinsato, Shinichi Minagoe, Chuwa Tei
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Sentiweb remains efficient tool for nationwide surveillance of disease
Authors: A. Flahault, E. Boussard, J-F Vibert, A.-J. Valleron
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—Our paper on Sentiweb, the French electronic sentinel system for surveillance of communicable diseases on the world wide web, was accompanied by three commentaries.1 In one of them Norman Noah was surprised by the low rate of reports, considering that (only?) 330 000 cases were notified in 12 years, leading to one case per doctor per week. Noah's calculations were not, however, appropriate. Some diseases shown on the internet (for example, chickenpox and diarrhoea) have been under surveillance for only six years. Estimates of nationwide …
A Trial of Tiaramide in Asthma
Authors: J. E. Harvey, P. Jones, A. R. Tanser
Journal: Allergy (1985)

Tiaramide hydrochloride is a new non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory agent previously shown to inhibit allergic responses both in vitro and in vivo. Clinical studies in asthmatic adults and children have also shown benefit. We report a double blind cross‐over study in 35 adult asthmatic patients comparing oral tiaramide 200 mg four times daily with oral salbutamol 4 mg four times daily and placebo. Symptoms and bronchodilator inhaler usage were recorded in diary cards and morning and evening peak expiratory flow rates were also monitored. Both tiaramide and salbutamol had a significant therapeutic effect compared with placebo. More patients preferred tiaramide than salbutamol and there were fewer side effects during treatment with tiaramide. Tiaramide may be a useful oral therapy in asthma particularly for those patients intolerant of oral beta‐adrenergic agonists.
NHS is close to "buckling," doctors' leaders warn politicians
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Senior doctors and healthcare professionals have written to the leaders of the three major political parties in England, calling for urgent action to tackle the NHS funding crisis.

The letter1—whose signatories included Mark Porter, BMA chair; Jane Dacre, president of the Royal College of Physicians; and Maureen Baker, chair of the Royal College of General Practitioners—warned that health and social services were deteriorating because of the “twin crises of rising demand and flatlining budgets.”

It warned that problems in seeing a GP, pressure on maternity services, increased waiting times for cancer referrals and emergency departments, and a shortage of beds for mental health patients were symptoms of a system that was close to buckling. The authors said that the projected funding deficit of £30bn …
Paediatric Asthma---a new virtual journal
Authors: H. Marcovitch
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The global initiative for asthma, a joint project between the Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the World Health Organization, has designated 7 May 2002 as world asthma day. This year children will be the focus![Graphic][1]</img>logically, because 90% of patients have developed the disease by the age of 6 years.1 In Britain asthma is the most commonly identified chronic childhood disease, affecting one in eight children and resulting in 30 000 hospital admissions annually.2 … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
Cocain and Adrenalin in Enucleation of the Eye.
Authors: C. Drew
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Jacksonville, Fla., July 28, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Hemorrhage during enucleation of the eye is often annoying from the moment of the first incision into the conjunctiva until the final separation of the globe from its attachment, and during the operation is frequently so profuse that special forceps have been devised for its control. If, as the patient goes under the anesthetic, a few drops of a 4 per cent, solution of cocain be dropped into the eye, followed in about five minutes by a few drops of solution of adrenalin chlorid 1-1000, it will be found that it will be necessary to use only a minimum quantity of the anesthetic, and that a most remarkable contraction of even the deeper blood vessels will occur, making the operation practically bloodless.
AZD1152, a novel and selective aurora B kinase inhibitor, induces growth arrest, apoptosis, and sensitization for tubulin depolymerizing agent or topoisomerase II inhibitor in human acute leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Jing Yang, Takayuki Ikezoe, Chie Nishioka, Taizo Tasaka, Ayuko Taniguchi, Yoshio Kuwayama, Naoki Komatsu, Kentaro Bandobashi, Kazuto Togitani, H. Phillip Koeffler, Hirokuni Taguchi, Akihito Yokoyama
Journal: Blood (2007)
Abstract 2459: The oncogenic activity of MDMx is associated with physical interaction and suppression of retinoblastoma protein
Authors: Zhi-Xiong Xiao, Haibo Zhang, Yujun Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the role of MDMx (or MDM4) on the regulation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb). Inactivation of Rb plays a critical role in the development of human malignancies. We have previously shown that MDM2, an ubiquitin E3 ligase and a major negative regulator of p53, binds to and promotes proteasome-mediated degradation of Rb independent of p53. MDMX, a homolog of MDM2, also binds to and inhibits p53 transactivation activity, yet it does not possess an ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. In this study, we show that MDMX binds to and promotes proteasome-mediated degradation of Rb in a MDM2-dependent manner. The C-terminal Ring domain of MDMX binds to the Rb C-pocket and enhances MDM2-Rb interaction. Knockdown of MDMX induces Rb protein accumulation, cell cycle G1 arrest, and premature cellular senescence, which can be reverted by simultaneous knockdown of Rb. Furthermore, ablation of MDMX significantly suppresses tumor growth, concomitant with Rb accumulation, in an animal xenograft model. Together, these results demonstrate that MDMX possesses oncogenic activity associated with suppression of Rb and suggest that both MDM2 and MDMX can be targets for cancer therapy. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Zhi-Xiong Xiao, Haibo Zhang, Yujun Zhang. The oncogenic activity of MDMx is associated with physical interaction and suppression of retinoblastoma protein. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2459. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2459
Allergy to Insect Stings
Authors: George B. Logan
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Horen regarding insect and scorpion stings, which appeared in the Aug 21 issue ofThe Journal(221:894,1972), is a very fine review of the situation. I speak of the insect sting allergy, as we do not have scorpions in Minnesota. I am concerned, however, that the author, who is not a physician, did not obtain adequate medical help in writing the section on therapy. In that section he recommends the following: (1) an antihistaminic ointment; (2) the use of an aerosol spray containing pyrilamine; and (3) a spray containing calamine and diphenhydramine hydrochloride. All of these are to be used locally to reduce pain. For many years it has been known by those who have been interested in allergy problems, as well as by most physicians, that the local use of antihistaminic agents predisposes patients to hypersensitivity reactions to the drug, particularly in those
Comorbidity and survival of Danish cirrhosis patients: A nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Peter Jepsen, Hendrik Vilstrup, Per Kragh Andersen, Timothy L. Lash, Henrik Toft Sørensen
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Patients with liver cirrhosis have a high mortality, not just from cirrhosis-related causes, but also from other causes. This observation indicates that many patients with cirrhosis have other chronic diseases, yet the prognostic impact of comorbidities has not been examined. Using data from a nationwide Danish population-based hospital registry, we identified patients who were diagnosed with cirrhosis between 1995 and 2006 and computed their burden of comorbidity using the Charlson comorbidity index. We compared survival between comorbidity groups, adjusting for alcoholism, sex, age, and calendar period. We also examined the risks of cirrhosis-related and non-cirrhosis-related death using data from death certificates and identified a matched comparison cohort without cirrhosis from the Danish population. We included 14,976 cirrhosis patients, 38% of whom had one or more comorbidities. The overall 1-year survival probability was 65.5%; the 10-year survival probability was 21.5%. Compared with patients with a Charlson comorbidity index of 0, the mortality rate was increased 1.17-fold in patients with an index of 1 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.23], 1.51-fold in patients with an index of 2 (95% CI, 1.42-1.62), and two-fold in patients with an index of 3 or higher (95% CI, 1.85-2.15). In the first year of follow-up, but not later, comorbidity increased the risk of cirrhosis-related death, and this was consistent with an apparent synergy between the cirrhosis and comorbidity effects on mortality in the same period.Our findings demonstrate that comorbidity is an important prognostic factor for patients with cirrhosis. Successful treatment of comorbid diseases in the first year after diagnosis may substantially reduce the mortality rate.
Women in Medicine: A Bibliography of the Literature on Women Physicians
Authors: Judith Walzer Leavitt
Journal: JAMA (1978)

This annotated bibliography of more than 4,000 citations from the published literature about female physicians is an extraordinary volume. It comes at an important time because of recent interest in the subject of women in medicine and will serve as a useful guide to anyone— physician, historian, or general reader—who wishes to learn more about female physicians. It catalogues historical and current material about the lives of specific women, their career patterns, and institutions with which they have affiliated. Fourteen general subject categories organize the citations into topics such as the history of women in medicine, biographies, medical education, and psychosocial factors. In addition to the general topic organization of the book, entries are divided by geography and are indexed by personal name, author, and subject. Researchers are thus aided in finding entries through four modes of access. The annotations themselves vary in length from one sentence to more than
The Erlangen Endo-Trainer: Life-Like Simulation for Diagnostic and Interventional Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography
Authors: M. Neumann, G. Mayer, C. Ell, T. Felzmann, B. Reingruber, T. Horbach, W. Hohenberger
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

The Erlanger Endo-Trainer offers a large spectrum of training possibilities in endoscopic techniques using life-like biological specimens. We organised the first pilot study of interventions at the papilla and the bile duct under x-ray control. Specially prepared upper visceral porcine organ packages including the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder and bile ducts were implanted into the Endo-Trainer. Furthermore, small stones were introduced into the bile duct. The test study was carried out by a senior endoscopist assisted by his endoscopy nurse. The following steps could therefore be carried out as a structured team-training scheme: Introduction of the side-viewing endoscope and passage into the duodenum; identification and adjustment at the papilla; cannulation of the papilla; selective bile duct imaging with contrast application under x-ray vision; placement of a guidewire; papillotomy; stone extraction and finally placement of a plastic stent. The special value of this type of simulation is the fact that endoscopic techniques can be trained in the usual manner with real tissue-feeling using regular commercial instruments. Although there is general consent that individual practice on the patient cannot be completely replaced by simulator training, a suitable and realistic simulation model can be of great value, for initial steps prior to "real" patient contact as well as for refining techniques and tactics.
Maternal Alcohol Consumption and Birth Weight-Reply
Authors: James L. Mills
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate the thoughtful comments of Dr Rosett, Ms Weiner, and Dr Roehm. The problem of underreporting of alcohol use is well known to clinician and researcher alike. We thought it sufficient to note that, since the risks of drinking during pregnancy were not widely appreciated in the 1970s, women in our study would have been<i>less</i>likely to underestimate intake than in more recent studies. What is needed is a biochemical measure of alcohol ingestion (like cotinine for smoking) to eliminate the problems of self-reporting. We disagree with Dr Rosett's conclusion that since our study found lower drinking rates than some others, women reporting light or moderate intake could be assumed to be heavy drinkers underestimating their consumption and, therefore, that the association we found between moderate drinking and reduced birth weight was an artifact. Reported drinking rates vary considerably, probably because of differences in study design
Osteosarcoma Derived from Donor Stem Cells Carrying the Norrie's Disease Gene
Authors: Massimo Berger, Michela Muraro, Franca Fagioli, Stefano Ferrari
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: There have been few reports of osteosarcoma after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.1 We report the development of osteosarcoma in a recipient 17 years after stem-cell transplantation. A 23-month-old boy with β-thalassemia received a bone marrow transplant from his HLA-identical 11-year-old brother in September 1989. Norrie's disease had been diagnosed in the donor at 12 months of age, after enucleation of the right eye was performed because a bilateral retinoblastoma was suspected. No genetic analysis was conducted at the time of surgery. Norrie's disease is an X-linked recessive disease caused by mutations in the NDP gene on Xp11.4. . . .