tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prospective Evaluation of the Role of Computed Tomography in the Assessment of Abdominal Stab Wounds
Authors: Kenji Inaba, Obi T. Okoye, Rachel Rosenheck, Nicolas Melo, Bernardino C. Branco, Peep Talving, Lydia Lam, Sravanthi Reddy, Ali Salim, Demetrios Demetriades
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

An important adjunct in the management of abdominal gunshot wounds, the role of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnostic workup of abdominal stab wounds remains controversial.To prospectively compare CT against serial physical examination in the evaluation of patients who have sustained a stab wound to the abdomen.Prospective single-center observational study of all patients sustaining abdominal stab wounds from March 1, 2009, through March 31, 2011. Patients who were hemodynamically unstable, unevaluable, peritonitic, or eviscerated proceeded directly to laparotomy (n = 249). The remainder underwent CT evaluation. The impact of CT findings and physical examination on the decision to operate was analyzed.Diagnostic accuracy of CT vs physical examination in determining the need for therapeutic laparotomy.A total of 249 patients were enrolled (94% male; mean [SD]: age, 30.8 [12.9] years [range, 16-87 years]; systolic blood pressure, 128 [28] mm Hg; Glasgow Coma Scale score, 14 [2]; Injury Severity Score, 6.8 [6.5]). Forty-five patients (18.1%) underwent immediate laparotomy, 27 (10.8%) had superficial injuries allowing immediate discharge, and the remaining 177 (71.1%) underwent CT. Of these, 154 (87.0%) were successfully observed, with 20 (11.3%) requiring laparotomy, 2 (1.1%) thoracotomy, and 1 (0.6%) sternotomy. Of the 20 laparotomies, 16 (80.0%) were therapeutic. All patients who underwent therapeutic laparotomy did so based on their physical examination. The most common finding leading to laparotomy was the development of peritonitis in 70%. The CT scan findings did not alter clinical decision making. The sensitivity and specificity of physical examination were 100.0% and 98.7%, respectively, while those of CT were 31.3% and 84.2%, respectively.In this prospective evaluation of abdominal stab wound management, serial physical examination was able to discriminate between patients requiring a therapeutic laparotomy and those who could be safely observed. A physical examination-based diagnostic algorithm was effective and decreased radiation burden in the management of abdominal stab wounds.
Current eczema in children is related to Der f 1 exposure but not to Der p 1 exposure
Authors: U. Krämer, C. Lemmen, E. Bartusel, E. Link, J. Ring, H. Behrendt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Mite allergen exposure is an important risk factor for specific IgE production and is associated with asthma, hay fever and eczema. Whether these associations are independent of mite species has not been investigated so far. Objectives To investigate the influence of exposure to the major house dust mite (HDM) allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1 on sensitization, respiratory symptoms, and especially on eczema and related skin symptoms in 6–7‐year‐old children. Methods In a cross‐sectional study in Augsburg (Bavaria, Germany) 1669 school beginners (mean age 6·5 years) were investigated in 1996. The concentrations of Der p 1 and Der f 1 were measured in dust samples from mattresses of 1081 children by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The prevalence of atopy‐related health outcomes was assessed by questionnaire, dermatological examination, skin prick testing and determination of specific serum IgE concentrations by radioallergosorbent test. Information about covariates was taken from questionnaires and interview data. Logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding. Results The mean concentrations of Der p 1 and Der f 1 were 0·68 and 0·79 µg g−1 dust, respectively. The relationship between the two species‐specific allergens in individual homes was poor (Pearson correlation 0·2). Influencing variables were bedroom‐sharing (Der p 1) and social status of the parents (Der f 1). Respiratory diseases were positively associated with both allergen concentrations [odds ratio (OR) between 1·1 and 2·6]. These associations were significant for sneezing attacks (Der p 1 and Der f 1). Reported prevalence of current (in the last 12 months) itchy skin rash was significantly associated with exposure to Der f 1 only (OR 2·4, P < 0·003); also a diagnosis of atopic eczema on the day of investigation was positively associated with Der f 1 only (OR 1·8, P = 0·14). Conclusions Studies on the effects of HDM exposure on eczema and allergies should consider specific effects of different mite species. This might have implications on assessment of allergen exposure and consecutive prevention or therapeutic measures.
Weight gain after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is associated with improvement in body composition in malnourished patients with cirrhosis and hypermetabolism
Authors: Mathias Plauth, Tatjana Schütz, Deborah P Buckendahl, Georg Kreymann, Matthias Pirlich, Sven Grüngreiff, Paul Romaniuk, Siegfried Ertl, Marie-Luise Weiß, Herbert Lochs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Prospective Study of Replacing Administration Sets for Intravenous Therapy at 48- vs 72-Hour Intervals
Authors: Dennis G. Maki
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We prospectively studied the safety of replacing intravenous delivery systems, including those used in total parenteral nutrition, at 72- compared with 48-hour intervals in 487 patients. Although the prevalence of contamination of intravenous fluid was higher in administration sets replaced at 72-hour intervals (10/664, 1.5%) than in sets replaced every 48 hours (6/710, 0.8%), the difference is not statistically significant. Contamination in both groups was almost exclusively with small numbers of coagulase-negative staphylococci (range, 1 to 27 colony-forming units/mL); no contaminated infusion was associated with clinical signs of sepsis or concordant bacteremia. Contaminants were recovered less frequently from peripheral venous infusions (0.6%) than from infusions used for central venous access or hemodynamic monitoring (1.5%) or total parenteral nutrition (3.6%); infusions in an intensive care unit were more frequently contaminated (2.5%) than infusions on medical and surgical wards (0.9%). These data indicate that extrinsic contamination of intravenous fluid is a rare cause of endemic nosocomial septicemia, and for most infusions it is unnecessary to routinely replace delivery systems more frequently than every 72 hours.
305 Adenovirus-mediated transfection of caspase 8 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to trail-and chemotherapeutic agents-induced cell death
Authors: Y. Yamaguchi, K. Shiraki, H. Fuke, T. Inoue, K. Miyashita, Y. Yamanaka, T. Nakano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Immunological features of lung lavage cells from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis may reflect those seen in pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Authors: M A Spiteri, M Johnson, O Epstein, S Sherlock, S W Clarke, L W Poulter
Journal: Gut (1990)

To investigate the basis of subclinical alveolitis in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, 10 primary biliary cirrhosis patients were studied by bronchoalveolar lavage. Both bronchoalveolar lavage lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell populations were analysed using immunocytological methods to determine their proportions and phenotypic features in an attempt to gain information as to possible immune mechanisms active in the lung of these patients. Six of the 10 patients in our study showed evidence of an alveolitis (raised lymphocyte count: 27.6 (4.3)% of total count) on lavage. The results were compared with control groups of normal volunteers and patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis. The six primary biliary cirrhosis patients with lymphocytosis had a raised CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio (4.13:1), similar to the sarcoid patients (5.60:1). A proportion of these T-lymphocytes expressed markers of activation (HLA-DR+ 7.5 (2.1)%); CD25 + 2.3 (0.9)%; CD7 + 5.8 (1.5)%. This increased T-cell activation was also seen in the sarcoid groups (HLA-DR+ 10.0 (1.9)%; CD25 + 3.0 (1.1)%; CD7 + 5.0 (0.2)%). This was not seen in the primary biliary cirrhosis patients without lymphocytosis and the normal volunteers. Within the non-lymphoid cell population, an increase in dendritic (RFD1+) cells was seen in primary biliary cirrhosis patients with lymphocytosis (31.2 (1.9)%) and sarcoid patients (46.3 (5.1)%) in contrast with the normal and primary biliary cirrhosis group without lymphocytosis. The primary biliary cirrhosis patients without lymphocytes had a relatively greater proportion of mature phagocytes (RFD7+). We postulate that these observations suggest the emergence in the lung of a granuloma producing mechanism similar to that occurring in the liver. By comparison, the alveolitis found in primary biliary cirrhosis is consistent with that observed in interstitial granulomatous lung disorders such as sarcoidosis.
HOW A GENERAL PRACTITIONER MAY TREAT ATROPHIC RHINITIS.Read before the Kansas State Medical Society, at Fort Scott, May 4, 1891.
Authors: HAL FOSTER
Journal: JAMA (1892)

<i>Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Kansas State Medical Society:</i>It is indeed difficult for one whose time is so fully occupied with the practice of a specialty, limited as is the one I represent, to prepare a paper which will afford scope for discussion in a society of general practitioners. Atrophie rhinitis under its proper name, or under that of its principal symptom, ozæna, is a subject too extensively and thoroughly treated of in text-books and in general literature to make any complete review of it either instructive or interesting. It is, therefore, only my purpose here to record personal views upon some points concerning which there has been, and still is considerable controversy and difference of opinion. Ozæna being now generally discarded as a distinctive name of any pathological process, is regarded as the principal symptom of several; yet the ozæna which attends the formation and retention of
Risk Assessment and Prediction of Rebleeding in Bleeding Gastroduodenal Ulcer
Authors: A. Guglielmi, A. Ruzzenente, M. Sandri, R. Kind, F. Lombardo, L. Rodella, F. Catalano, G. de Manzoni, C. Cordiano
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

The aims of this study were to identify risk factors for recurrence of hemorrhage in bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers after endoscopic injection therapy, and to develop a simple and relevant prognostic score which could be used to assess the early risk of recurrence and the residual risk of rebleeding.A prospective study was conducted from January 1995 to December 1998, in 738 patients who were admitted to our department for acute bleeding peptic ulcer and who underwent endoscopic examination. Ulcers with active bleeding or signs of recent bleeding were treated with injection therapy using epinephrine (1/10,000) and 1% polidocanol.Multivariate analysis revealed that liver cirrhosis, recent surgery, systolic blood pressure below 100 mmHg, hematemesis, Forrest classification, and ulcer size and site were significantly predictive variables for the recurrence of hemorrhage. Among these, Forrest classification was the most important. The overall accuracy of the predictive model was 71% (95% CI = 63 - 79%). The model showed a better sensitivity of 90% for early rebleeding (< 48 hours) than for late rebleeding (> or = 48 hours) where the sensitivity was 65 %. A prognostic score was obtained and patients were classified into four risk classes: very low (VL), low (L), high (H), and very high (VH). The rebleeding rates for the four classes were 0%, 7.9%, 31.8% and 67.9%, and the mortality rates were 5.9%, 8.6%, 13.9% and 35.7%, respectively. The residual risk of rebleeding after 48 hours was 0%, 3.3%, 10.4%, and 14.3% in the VL, L, H and VH classes, respectively. After 5 days the residual risk was under 4% in all classes.This study demonstrates that the proposed prognostic score, which is easily obtained after emergency endoscopy, is useful in clinical practice because it can identify patients with different levels of rebleeding risk. It can be helpful in patient management and decision making for discharge.
Successful treatment of solar lentigines by brief gentle cryosurgery using a Kryomed<sup>®</sup>device
Authors: B. Almond-Roesler, CH.C. Zouboulis
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Successful treatment of solar lentigines by brief gentle cryosurgery using a Kryomed® device Get access B. Almond‐Roesler, B. Almond‐Roesler Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 60‐62, H‐14163 Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CH.C. Zouboulis CH.C. Zouboulis Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Benjamin Franklin, The Free University of Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 60‐62, H‐14163 Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 1, 1 July 2000, Pages 216–218, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03634.x Published: 01 July 2000
APOBEC3G enhances lymphoma cell radioresistance by promoting cytidine deaminase-dependent DNA repair
Authors: Roni Nowarski, Ofer I. Wilner, Ori Cheshin, Or D. Shahar, Edan Kenig, Leah Baraz, Elena Britan-Rosich, Arnon Nagler, Reuben S. Harris, Michal Goldberg, Itamar Willner, Moshe Kotler
Journal: Blood (2012)
A PARALYTIC DISEASE OF GUINEA PIGS DUE TO THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS
Authors: Richard E. Shope, Paul A. Lewis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

The experimental data collected during this study of a transmissible type of paralysis developing in tuberculous guinea pigs indicate the condition to be a true tuberculous meningitis. We have been able to rule out the possibility that it is due to a non-tuberculous infection of the central nervous system caused by Roemer's virus, or by an atypical herpes virus, or by some bacterium other than the tubercle bacillus. Roemer's virus and herpes could be eliminated from consideration when Berkefeld N filtrates of infectious brain emulsions proved incapable of reproducing the disease. Furthermore, rabbits could be infected as they cannot with Roemer's virus, and the disease elicited in rabbits bears no semblance to herpes encephalitis. No organism other than the tubercle bacillus could be obtained on culturing brain or brain emulsions from experimental cases, and no others were seen in examining fresh smear preparations from the central nervous system. In a modified Noguchi medium a tubercle bacillus possessing atypical staining properties was obtained. This organism was capable of producing the typical paralytic disease when injected intracerebrally into guinea pigs, and also generalized tuberculosis in animals inoculated subcutaneously with it. Typical tuberde bacilli were readily demonstrable in sections of the meninges from animals with the disease, and culture of pieces of brain on Dorset's egg medium usually yielded a growth of tubercle bacilli. Only in the first of the experimental passages, on the other hand, was it possible to demonstrate acid-fast organisms in fresh smear preparations from the central nervous system. This fact and the attributes of the atypically staining organisms encountered in the cultures in Noguchi media will be considered more fully in a subsequent publication. In view of the much discussed question of the filtrability of the tubercle bacillus our observations concerning the failure of this organism to pass a Berkefeld N filter are of interest. No animal in our series inoculated intracerebrally with brain emulsion from either a "spontaneous" or experimental case of tuberculous meningitis failed to develop meningitis, and that rather acutely, while no animal in our series injected with a Berkefeld filtrate of brain emulsion has developed tuberculous meningitis or any other form of tuberculosis. In connection with this observation it must be recalled that the organism was atypical in respect to its staining qualities at least.
Cholesterol Efflux and Atheroprotection
Authors: Robert S. Rosenson, H. Bryan Brewer, W. Sean Davidson, Zahi A. Fayad, Valentin Fuster, James Goldstein, Marc Hellerstein, Xian-Cheng Jiang, Michael C. Phillips, Daniel J. Rader, Alan T. Remaley, George H. Rothblat, Alan R. Tall, Laurent Yvan-Charvet
Journal: Circulation (2012)
A method for demonstrating the efficacy of interventions designed to limit infarct size following coronary occlusion: beneficial effect of hyaluronidase
Authors: L. G. T. RIBEIRO, L. D. HILLIS, E. K. LOUIE, M. A. DAVIS, P. R. MAROKO, E. BRAUNWALD
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Journal Article A method for demonstrating the efficacy of interventions designed to limit infarct size following coronary occlusion: beneficial effect of hyaluronidase Get access LAIR G. T. RIBEIRO, LAIR G. T. RIBEIRO From the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. DAVID HILLIS, L. DAVID HILLIS From the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ERIC K. LOUIE, ERIC K. LOUIE From the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHAEL A. DAVIS, MICHAEL A. DAVIS From the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PETER R. MAROKO, PETER R. MAROKO From the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar EUGENE BRAUNWALD EUGENE BRAUNWALD From the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 12, Issue 6, June 1978, Pages 334–340, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/12.6.334 Published: 01 June 1978
Risk stratification and prognosis in patients with known or suspected ischemic heart disease: a stress echocardiographic study of 1,425 patients
Authors: Sin-Sun Yao, Marcin Kowalski, Asil Malik, Ramzan Zakir, Ehtasham Qureshi, Vijay Patel, Binoy Singh, Farooq A. Chaudhry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Earlier Therapies for Urinary Stones
Authors: Fred Rosner
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article on lithotripsy by the Health and Public Policy Committee of the American College of Physicians<sup>1</sup>describes the 20th century approach to the fragmentation of stones in the urinary tract. Descriptions of urinary calculi and remedies for their treatment are already found in the Talmud, which was compiled in the second century of the common era. In Yebamoth, folio 64b, the Talmud states that Rabbi Acha ben Jacob once suffered from painful or difficult urination that Jastrow<sup>2</sup>interprets to have been due to a uratic stone. Elsewhere (Baba Metzia, folio 85a) the Talmud describes the 13-year suffering of Rabbi Judah the Prince from bladder calculi. His screams of pain were so loud they could be heard at the seashore. These pains are portrayed as follows: when the horse steward of Rabbi Judah gave fodder to the horses, their neighs could be heard for
Ovarian Toxicity from Sirolimus
Authors: Matthias Braun, James Young, Cäcilia S. Reiner, Diane Poster, Rudolf P. Wüthrich, Andreas L. Serra
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Low-dose oral sirolimus appears to increase the risk of menstrual-cycle disturbances and ovarian cysts. Monitoring patients for sirolimus-associated ovarian toxicity may be considered.
Vinegar Ingestion at Bedtime Moderates Waking Glucose Concentrations in Adults With Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Andrea M. White, Carol S. Johnston
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

iven the importance of maintaining acceptable blood glucose concentrations, there is much interest in identifying foods and diet patterns that will help individuals with diabetes manage their condition.Based on previous data indicating that vinegar ingestion at mealtime reduces postprandial glycemia (1-4), the aim of this pilot study was to examine whether vinegar ingestion at bedtime reduces the next-morning fasting glucose concentration in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Four men and seven women (aged 40 -72 years) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (by a physician) who were not taking insulin completed the study.Participants provided a clinically determined A1C reading from a recent (Ͻ2 months) blood analysis.All participants gave written informed consent, and the study was approved by the institutional review board at Arizona State University.Participants maintained 24-h diet records for 3 days and measured fasting glucose at 0700 h for 3 consecutive days with a calibrated glucometer before the start of the study.Participants were instructed to continue usual prescription medication use during the study.Utilizing a randomized crossover design with a 3-to 5-day washout period between treatments, participants followed a standardized meal plan for 2 days, consuming either 2 Tbsp apple cider vinegar or water at bedtime with 1 oz cheese (8 g protein,
The use of murine embryonic stem cells, alginate encapsulation, and rotary microgravity bioreactor in bone tissue engineering
Authors: Yu-Shik Hwang, Johann Cho, Feng Tay, Jerry Y.Y. Heng, Raimundo Ho, Sergei G. Kazarian, Daryl R. Williams, Aldo R. Boccaccini, Julia M. Polak, Athanasios Mantalaris
Journal: Biomaterials (2008)