tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum Gastrin Levels in Primary Hypogammaglobulinemia and Pernicious Anemia
Authors: WILLIAM S. HUGHES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Fasting serum gastrin levels were measured in 12 adults with primary hypogammaglobulinemia, 15 patients with primary pernicious anemia, and control subjects. Five of the patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia had pernicious anemia. The fasting serum gastrin level in patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia and pernicious anemia (74 ± 20 pg/ml [mean ± SE]) was significantly lower (P < 0.001) than the level in patients with primary pernicious anemia (1336 ± 189 pg/ml). The gastrin levels in hypogammaglobulinemic patients with pernicious anemia (74 ± 20 pg/ml) and without pernicious anemia (72 ± 12 pg/ml) were similar to the level in normal age-matched (41 to 50 years) control subjects (89 ± 11 pg/ml). The new finding of normal fasting serum gastrin levels in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia and pernicious anemia suggests that, in contrast to the gastric lesion in primary pernicious anemia, the gastric lesion in primary hypogammaglobulinemia involves the gastrin-producing cells of the gastric antrum as well as the parietal cells of the gastric body and fundus.
A novel angiogenic pathway mediated by non-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Authors: Christopher Heeschen, Michael Weis, Alexandra Aicher, Stefanie Dimmeler, John P. Cooke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

We have recently reported that nicotine has angiogenic effects, which appear to be mediated through non-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Here, we describe the endogenous cholinergic pathway for angiogenesis. In an in vitro angiogenesis model, increasing concentrations of the nonselective nAChR antagonist mecamylamine completely and reversibly inhibited endothelial network formation. Although several nAChR isoforms are expressed on endothelial cells (ECs), a similar inhibition was only obtained with the selective alpha7-nAChR antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin, whereas other selective antagonists did not result in significant inhibition of network formation. alpha7-nAChR was upregulated during proliferation, by hypoxia in vitro, and by ischemia in vivo. The nAChR-induced network formation was partially dependent on VEGF, was completely dependent on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, and finally resulted in NF-kappaB activation. In vivo, pharmacological inhibition of nAChR as well as genetic disruption of alpha7-nAChR expression significantly inhibited inflammatory angiogenesis and reduced ischemia-induced angiogenesis and tumor growth. Our results suggest that nAChRs may play an important role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a cholinergic angiogenic pathway, and it suggests a novel avenue for therapeutic modulation of angiogenesis.
RADON IN DERMATOLOGY.
Authors: R. T. BRAIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1933)

Journal Article RADON IN DERMATOLOGY: A COMPARISON OF THE LATE RESULTS OF TREATMENT WITH RADON SEEDS AND WITH RADIUM PLATES. Get access R. T. BRAIN, M.D., M.R.C.P. R. T. BRAIN, M.D., M.R.C.P. The London Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 45, Issue 6, 1 June 1933, Page 247, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1933.tb10173.x Published: 01 June 1933
Abstract LB-359: Extended accumulation of acetylated histone in tumor tissues obtained from the phase I study of CG200745
Authors: SeongGu Ro, Gyoung-Sun Kong, Sang-Koo Lee, Joong Myung Cho, Hyun-Ju Cha, Sool Ki Kwon, Ho-Jin Chang, Kyu-pyo Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Kyun-seop Bae, Jae-Lyun Lee, Tae Won Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Extended Accumulation of Acetylated Histone in Tumor Tissues Obtained from the Phase I Study of CG200745 Accumulation of acetylated histone is a physiological phenomenon caused by inhibition of HDACs. We have observed such accumulation in cells, mice and humans when CG200745, our cancer therapeutic candidate, was treated. In the phase I clinical trial (NCT01226407), we had a chance to compare such accumulations in both the blood and tumor tissues. Interestingly, the accumulation in the tissues was maintained much longer than that in the blood and its level was significantly high even at 24 hours after dose. Such difference in histone accumulation has been explained by the different PK profile of CG200745 between the blood and the tumor tissues. Although we have not got PK data from the human tumor tissues yet, the difference was already observed in mice PK studies. Specifically, the half-life of CG200745 in plasma of mice was extremely short like other known HDAC inhibitors (approximately 20 mins), but in tumor tissues, that of CG200745 was as long as approximately 7 hours. In the current human studies, CG200745 is showing a much better PK profile in plasma than that of mice studies. Its half-life even in plasma is observed as several hours and clearance is much lower than other HDAC inhibitors. Actually, the AUC/dose of CG200745 is the highest among all the clinical stage HDAC inhibitors. Taking the extended accumulation of acetylated histone in the tumor tissues and better human PK profile into consideration, we believe that CG200745 with excellent HDAC inhibition will be a promising anticancer intervention in the near future. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-359. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-359
Circulating beta-atrial natriuretic factor in congestive heart failure in humans.
Authors: C M Wei, P C Kao, J T Lin, D M Heublein, H V Schaff, J C Burnett
Journal: Circulation (1993)

beta-Atrial natriuretic factor (beta-ANF) is an antiparallel dimer of alpha-ANF (alpha-ANF) with diminished cyclic GMP generation in vitro. To date, the presence of beta-ANF in the circulation of humans with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) remains controversial. The current study was designed to determine the presence and magnitude of circulating beta-ANF in severe CHF, to correlate plasma beta-ANF with the degree of ventricular dysfunction, and to investigate the role of human plasma and atrial tissue in the degradation of beta-ANF.Venous plasma samples were obtained from patients (n = 12) with severe CHF and normal volunteers (n = 8). Total plasma ANF was measured by radioimmunoassay. alpha-ANF and beta-ANF in nonextracted plasma were separated by gel filtration chromatography using a P-6 column. Right atrial tissue samples (n = 5) were collected from a different group of patients at the time of open-heart surgery. 125I beta-ANF and I125 ANF were incubated with atrial tissue or plasma. The corresponding peak areas of beta-ANF were determined by Tamaya Digital Planimeter. beta-ANF represented 61% of total plasma ANF in CHF patients and was not detected in normal human plasma. The elevation of beta-ANF correlated with the severity of ventricular dysfunction. Thirty percent of beta-ANF and 100% alpha-ANF were converted to smaller peptide fragments in atrial tissue no conversion in plasma.beta-ANF is the principal form of circulating ANF in patients with severe CHF and correlates with the degree of left ventricular dysfunction. beta-ANF is not generated from alpha-ANF and may be degraded rapidly in atrial tissue to smaller peptide fragments that do not occur in plasma. As beta-ANF is reported to have reduced biological action, the current studies may support the conclusion that the ANF system in CHF has reduced functional activity despite increases in circulation concentrations.
CASE OF PUERPERAL HYPERPYREXIA OF MALARIAL ORIGIN
Authors: T. W. Clay
Journal: BMJ (1903)

there was insufficient evidence tO show what was the cause of the inflammation.In the most recent textbooks I have failed to find much guidance on the matter to enable me to conclude what is the pathology of the condition.In the Clinical Journal, however, for August 6th, 13th, and 20th, IgO2, are three lectures delivered at the London Polyclinic by Mr. F. C. Wallis, entitled the
MEDICINE AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Authors: P. W. Bassett-Smith, H. D. Rolleston
Journal: BMJ (1917)

THIS outline of the work of the medical service of the Royal Navy, necessarily brief from the exigencies of space, may well be"prefaced with the satisfa'ctory stte-- ment that thehealth of the service afloat has been excel- 'lent-better, indeed, thian in times of peace.This fortunate result is-due to several factors'.in the'first place, to the effots'' 'bf preventive medicine and' hygiene; especially the improved ventilation of warships introduced shortly before 'the outbre'ak of war, a subject more fully deal; with oa- pp.537-539; in tlle second place, to the healthy isolation -of 'the Grand Fleet, far from the temptations of seaports; 'thirdly, to the minute precautions taken' in dr'afting 'men from the shore dep6ts to the fleet,' which entail due quarantine after exposure to infectious fevers; fourtlly, to lectures by the medical officers to the ships' crews dealing with personal hygiene and insisting on the results of alcoholic excess and the dangers of venereal disease; and, further, to the care taken by all officers, by keeping the men physically fit by means of exercise, and by combating in various ways the effects of monotony and relative inactivity, to maintain the high spirit of confidence in eventual success.At the outbrealk of wear the medical personnel was -at once expanded by the mobilization of the retired, emeer- gency, and Volunteer Reserve medical officers, by the creation of a large number of temporary surgeons for the period of hiostilities, and by tlle appointment of about ten consultants (two being anaesthetists), including Sir
Polymeric micelles incorporating (1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum (II) suppress the growth of orthotopic scirrhous gastric tumors and their lymph node metastasis
Authors: Md. Rafi, H. Cabral, M.R. Kano, P. Mi, C. Iwata, M. Yashiro, K. Hirakawa, K. Miyazono, N. Nishiyama, K. Kataoka
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Cardiac Beriberi: Two Modes of Presentation
Authors: N. McIntyre, N. N. Stanley
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Two patients suffering from cardiovascular beriberi presented with different clinical manifestations. One had the classical features of a high cardiac output with raised jugular venous pressure and gross oedema. The other was in fulminating heart failure with clinical evidence of a low cardiac output but no peripheral oedema. The latter type of beriberi (shoshin) is rare. Cardiovascular beriberi has a high mortality when untreated. Both patients responded dramatically to thiamine, and this emphasizes the importance of considering thiamine deficiency as a cause of heart failure even when the cardiac output is low.
Canine Mitral Complex: ULTRASTRUCTURE AND ELECTROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: John J. Fenoglio, Tuan Duc Pham, Andrew L. Wit, Arthur L. Bassett, Bernard M. Wagner
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

The mitral complex is a functional entity composed of the annulus, valve leaflets, chordae, and papillary muscles. The mechanical properties of the complex are dependent on the unique structural relations of the collagen in the leaflets and chordae. In the chordae the collagen is arranged in avascular columns. These columns interdigitate between muscle fibers in the papillary muscles, and the collagen is anchored to the myofiber membrane by microfibrils. In the leaflet the chordae are continuous with the dense fibrous tissue, forming a sheet of collagen which merges with the annulus. Within the leaflet there are cardiac muscle fibers in direct continuity with left atrial muscle. Contraction of isolated valve preparations can be initiated by electrical stimulation and is preceded by a propagated depolarization. Action potentials from cells in the middle third of the leaflet have a slow upstroke velocity, prominent plateau, and a characteristic positive afterpotential. Valve muscle electromechanical properties are markedly altered by 1 x 10 -7 M acetylcholine; this concentration has little effect on working left atrial muscle. In preparations containing portions of the left atrium and valve leaflet, the excitation wave spreads into the leaflet after electrical stimulation of the atrial muscle. This suggests that the accompanying contractile event may occur in situ before the initiation of systole.
941 SERUM PROHEPCIDIN LEVELS IN HEALTHY ADULTS, NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER, CHRONIC HEPATITIS C AND ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE: SIGNIFICANT ELEVATION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS
Authors: S.H. Lee, S.-H. Jeong, S.H. Shin, J.H. Lee, Y.S. Park, J.-H. Hwang, J.-W. Kim, N. Kim, D.H. Lee, K.U. Park
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
A Framework for Survival: Health, Human Rights, and Humanitarian Assistance in Conflicts and Disasters
Authors: Ronald Waldman
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Since the start of the decade, the US medical community and its professional press have increasingly focused on human rights issues, although, as is pointed out by H. Jack Geiger, one of the speakers at a September 1992 conference of the Council on Foreign Relations, whose remarks are included in this book, "There is nothing new about... violations of medical neutrality, torture, and other blatant human rights violations... and nothing new... about the deliberate destruction of civilian populations." Nevertheless, this increased attention to human rights issues, largely stimulated by media coverage of the relief efforts directed toward Kurdish refugees in the wake of the Gulf War, by the televised horrors of Somalia, and by the seemingly insoluble war in the former Yugoslavia, is certainly both warranted and welcome. The speeches published in this book are by a diverse group of politicians, physicians, administrators, and development professionals. Together, they have both
Abstract 5460: Effects of ethanol exposure during involution on mouse mammary gland
Authors: Jennifer-Marie Garofalo, Dawn Bowers, Richard Browne, Brian MacQueen, Terry Mashtare, Patricia A. Masso-Welch
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Mammary gland involution represents a discrete developmental time point when the breast may be particularly susceptible to risk factors associated with mammary carcinogenesis. One dietary carcinogen which has been shown to affect breast cancer risk in women is ethanol; as little as one drink per day can increase breast cancer risk by 10%. The purpose of the current study was to determine if ethanol exposure during involution affects mammary tumor development or progression in the FVB-MMTV-Her2/Neu transgenic mouse. Dams were fed isocaloric liquid diets containing 0, 0.5, 1 or 2% ethanol from day 1 of involution (weaning at day 21 of lactation) until day 4, 9 or 14 post-weaning. Short-term effects of ethanol on the progression of involution were assessed. No significant difference in mouse weight, or organ weights (spleen, liver or kidney), was seen between groups. Lobular regression (decrease in ducts per lobule) occurred similarly in all dietary groups, in parallel with an increase in average adipocyte size. No difference in leukocyte infiltration was seen between dietary groups. Proteomic analysis and tumor studies are ongoing. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5460. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5460
TUBERCULOSIS AND PATENT MEDICINES.
Authors: G. R. POGUE
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Since the beginning of the present campaign against tuberculosis a vast amount of literature bearing on the subject of preventive measures and cure in regard to the disease has been distributed among the laity. Besides what has been distributed by those desiring to educate the public, numerous articles have appeared in magazines. Almost every writer dwells on the point that there is no medical cure for tuberculosis and everything is laid aside for the so-called outdoor treatment, which all admit is the most important part of the treatment for tuberculosis when properly administered. In our anxiety to educate the public on the subject we overlook the result of our therapeutic nihilistic statements, which often leaves the poor victim of tuberculosis convinced that a physician can give him no aid, as it has been acknowledged that there is no cure for consumption. In his fight for life and health he naturally
Endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration facilitates diagnosis of metastatic iliac lymph node invasion in prostate cancer
Authors: E. Artifon, M. Srougi, A. Lucon, P. Sakai, M. Bhutani
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

We have recently published our pilot data on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for staging prostate cancer [1]. EUS with flexible instruments has the additional potential for imaging the iliac region in the search for lymph node metastases with confirmation by EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in prostate cancer; this is an area that cannot be accessed with nonoptical transrectal rigid ultrasonography (TRUS) probes.
Perils of primary care
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (1998)

By all accounts Dr Fox should be happy in his profession. He graduated from a prestigious university and was courted by several academic departments, but thought that he would like treating people better. He accordingly opted for primary care, a line of work currently much favoured by managed care organisations, government bureaucrats, and healthcare philosophers.



But Dr Fox is not happy. Too much has changed and too many people are telling him what to do. Government agencies now address him as “Dear provider” and even tell him how to write his notes: for a problem focused history his “documentation” must show the “patient's positive and pertinent negatives” for the system affected; for a detailed history he will be …
Cardiac Troponin T Measured by a Highly Sensitive Assay Predicts Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Failure, and Mortality in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Justin T. Saunders, Vijay Nambi, James A. de Lemos, Lloyd E. Chambless, Salim S. Virani, Eric Boerwinkle, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Xiaoxi Liu, Brad C. Astor, Thomas H. Mosley, Aaron R. Folsom, Gerardo Heiss, Josef Coresh, Christie M. Ballantyne
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— We evaluated whether cardiac troponin T (cTnT) measured with a new highly sensitive assay was associated with incident coronary heart disease (CHD), mortality, and hospitalization for heart failure (HF) in a general population of participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Methods and Results— Associations between increasing cTnT levels and CHD, mortality, and HF hospitalization were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for traditional CHD risk factors, kidney function, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide in 9698 participants aged 54 to 74 years who at baseline were free from CHD and stroke (and HF in the HF analysis). Measurable cTnT levels (≥0.003 μg/L) were detected in 66.5% of individuals. In fully adjusted models, compared with participants with undetectable levels, those with cTnT levels in the highest category (≥0.014 μg/L; 7.4% of the ARIC population) had significantly increased risk for CHD (hazard ratio=2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.81 to 2.89), fatal CHD (hazard ratio=7.59; 95% confidence interval, 3.78 to 15.25), total mortality (hazard ratio=3.96; 95% confidence interval, 3.21 to 4.88), and HF (hazard ratio=5.95; 95% confidence interval, 4.47 to 7.92). Even minimally elevated cTnT (≥0.003 μg/L) was associated with increased risk for mortality and HF ( P &lt;0.05). Adding cTnT to traditional risk factors improved risk prediction parameters; the improvements were similar to those with N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide and better than those with the addition of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Conclusions— cTnT detectable with a highly sensitive assay was associated with incident CHD, mortality, and HF in individuals from a general population without known CHD/stroke.
ICCE Consensus for Bowel Preparation and Prokinetics
Authors: R. de Franchis, A. Avgerinos, J. Barkin, D. Cave, B. Filoche
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Capsule endoscopy (CE) has become a standard procedure for the evaluation of the small bowel, and in several studies has been shown to be superior to other diagnostic methods [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].
Abstract LB-127: Identifying an IDO-expressing “fibrocyte” subset of myeloid suppressor cells in pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Hua Zhang, Crystal L. Mackall
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Human myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) have been described as CD14-CD11b+CD33+HLADR- cells that exert T cell suppression via ROS, ARG1 and iNOS2. Here, we report a novel myeloid subset found within mononuclear fraction elutriated from apheresis samples of pediatric cancer patients vs. healthy controls. Of 60 pediatric cancer patients studied, we frequently observed expanded numbers of CD14-CD123-CD11chi cells, which were rare and found only at low levels in healthy donors. Like previously described MDSC, these cells were CD11b+, but CD33lo/-HLADR+. In addition, these abnormal myeloid cells were CD34+CD15+CD16+CD66b+CD68+PDL1+ and IL4Rα+. Interestingly they also expressed α smooth muscle actin and collagen I/V on their surface, which are hallmarks of fibrocytes. The fibrocytes expressed high levels of indoleamine oxidase (IDO), but did not express ARG1, ARG2, iNOS2. They suppressed T cell proliferation in response to OKT3, which was partially reversed by the addition of 1MT, an inhibitor of IDO. Given the IL4Rα expression, we sought to induce these cells in vitro from normal monocytes using IL-4. Indeed, IL4 alone was sufficient to drive monocytes to differentiate into fibrocytes, which demonstrate a spindle-like shape, adhere to plastic, acquire the CD11chiCD14-CD34+CD16+collagenI+ phenotype, and express IDO. Fibrocytes have previously been implicated in chronic inflammation, angiogenesis and wound healing. We conclude that they also constitute a novel subset of myeloid derived suppressor cells in cancer patients, and could contribute to tumor progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-127. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-127
Wanted: spunky TV doctor
Authors: Graham Easton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

M ost doctors I know avoid watching medical television programmes like the plague—you want anything but medicine once you're back home. But (admit it) it can be entertaining watching the health experts on lifestyle reality shows like Celebrity Fit Club, Turn Back Your Body Clock , or You are What You Eat . It's especially fun when they're medical doctors: criticising their clinical skills, being bowled over by their bedside manner, or even picking up some useful tricks of the trade. But where do TV doctors come from? How are they chosen, and what are the TV people looking for?

The straight talking general practitioner Una Coales is one of the latest television doctors to make a splash. She presents the Channel 4 series Turn Back Your Body Clock , and she's fierce. Each week Dr Coales (MD, FRCS, FRCS (ORL), DRCOG, DFFP, MRCGP) meets someone who has allowed their body to go to pot. She uses a range of investigations, from body scans to blood tests, to determine how their internal organs are coping under the strain of their unhealthy lifestyle. Then, like a strict headmistress, she delivers her …