tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Assessment of the Ventricular Relaxation Time Constant (τ) in Humans by Doppler Echocardiography
Authors: Gregory M. Scalia, Neil L. Greenberg, Patrick M. McCarthy, James D. Thomas, Pieter M. Vandervoort
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The time constant of ventricular relaxation (τ) is a quantitative measure of diastolic performance requiring intraventricular pressure recording. This study validates in humans an equation relating τ to left ventricular pressure at peak −dP/dt (P 0 ), pressure at mitral valve opening (P MV ), and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT inv ). The clinically obtainable parameters peak systolic blood pressure (P s ), mean left atrial pressure (P LA ), and Doppler-derived IVRT (IVRT Dopp ) are then substituted into this equation to obtain τ Dopp noninvasively. Methods and Results High-fidelity left atrial and left ventricular pressure recordings with simultaneous Doppler by transesophageal echocardiography were obtained from 11 patients during cardiac surgery. Direct curve fitting to the left ventricular pressure trace by Levenberg-Marquardt regression assuming a zero asymptote generated τ LM , the “gold standard” against which τ calc {IVRT inv /[ln(P 0 )−ln(P MV )]} and τ Dopp {IVRT Dopp /[ln(P s )−ln(P LA )]} were compared. For 123 cycles analyzed in 18 hemodynamic states, mean τ LM was 53.8±12.9 ms. τ calc (51.5±11 ms) correlated closely with this standard ( r =.87, SEE=5.5 ms). Noninvasive τ Dopp (43.8±11 ms) underestimated τ LM but exhibited close linear correlation (n=88, r =.75, SEE=7.5 ms). Substituting P LA =10 mm Hg into the equation yielded τ 10 (48.7±15 ms), which also closely correlated with the standard ( r =.62, SEE=11.6 ms). Conclusions The previously obtained analytical expression relating IVRT, invasive pressures, and τ is valid in humans. Furthermore, a more clinically obtainable, noninvasive method of obtaining τ also closely predicts this important measure of diastolic function.
Sodium-dependent net urea transport in rat initial inner medullary collecting ducts.
Authors: T Isozaki, J P Lea, J A Tumlin, J M Sands
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

We reported that feeding rats 8% protein for 3 wk induces net urea transport and morphologic changes in initial inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCDs) which are not present in rats fed 18% protein. In this study, we measured net urea transport in microperfused initial IMCDs from rats fed 8% protein for > or = 3 wk and tested the effect of inhibiting Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity and found that adding 1 mM ouabain to the bath reversibly inhibited net urea transport from 14 +/- 3 to 6 +/- 2 pmol/mm per min (P < 0.01), and that replacing potassium (with sodium) in the bath reversibly inhibited net urea transport from 18 +/- 3 to 5 +/- 0 pmol/mm per min (P < 0.01). Replacing perfusate sodium with N-methyl-D-glucamine reversibly inhibited net urea transport from 12 +/- 2 to 0 +/- 1 pmol/mm per min (P < 0.01), whereas replacing bath sodium had no significant effect on net urea transport. Adding 10 nM vasopressin to the bath exerted no significant effect on net urea transport. Finally, we measured Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity in initial and terminal IMCDs from rats fed 18% or 8% protein and found no significant difference in either subsegment. Thus, net urea transport in initial IMCDs from rats fed 8% protein for > or = 3 wk requires sodium in the lumen, is reduced by inhibiting Na+/K(+)-ATPase, and is unchanged by vasopressin or phloretin. These results suggest that net urea transport may occur via a novel, secondary active, sodium-urea cotransporter.
Incidental Finding of Hiatal Hernia Uptake on Tc-99m Sestamibi Breast Imaging
Authors: SYLVAIN BEAULIEU, JEAN VERREAULT, ANDRE RIOUX
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A case of hiatal hernia is presented in which the uptake in the hernia could have been mistaken for a pulmonary lesion or a hepatic hernia on Tc-99m sestamibi breast imaging. A Tc-99m colloid liver scan excluded the possibility of a hepatic hernia. Plain radiographs performed to search for a lung lesion showed a huge hiatal hernia corresponding to the Tc-99m sestamibi uptake.
Temporal Relationship and Prognostic Significance of Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Rosita Zakeri, Alanna M. Chamberlain, Véronique L. Roger, Margaret M. Redfield
Journal: Circulation (2013)

In patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), atrial fibrillation (AF) may predate, concur with, or develop after HFpEF diagnosis. We sought to define the temporal relationship between AF and HFpEF, to identify factors associated with AF, and to determine the prognostic impact of prevalent and incident AF in HFpEF.From 1983 to 2010, 939 Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents (age, 77±12 years; 61% female) newly diagnosed with HFpEF (EF ≥0.50) were evaluated. Baseline rhythm classification included prior AF (>3 months before HFpEF diagnosis), concurrent AF (±3 months), or sinus rhythm. Incident AF (>3 months after HFpEF diagnosis) and all-cause mortality were ascertained through February 2012. Prior AF (29%) and concurrent AF (23%) were associated with older age, higher brain-type natriuretic peptide, and larger left atrial volume index at HFpEF diagnosis compared with sinus rhythm. Of HFpEF patients in sinus rhythm at diagnosis, 32% developed AF over a median follow-up of 3.7 years (interquartile range, 1.5-6.7 years; 69 events per 1000 person-years). Age and diastolic dysfunction were positively and statin use was inversely associated with incident AF. With no AF used as the referent, prior or concurrent AF (combined hazard ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.6; P=0.03) and incident AF, modeled as a time-dependent covariate (hazard ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.0; P<0.001), were independently associated with death after adjustment for pertinent covariates.AF occurs in two thirds of HFpEF patients at some point in the natural history and confers a poor prognosis. Further study is required to determine whether intervention for AF may improve outcomes or if statin use can prevent AF in HFpEF.
Dermatomyositis and Malignancy
Authors: JEFFREY P. CALLEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 June 1976Dermatomyositis and MalignancyJEFFREY P. CALLEN, M.D., JOSEPH J. CHANDA, M.D., MAREK A. STAWISKI, M.D.JEFFREY P. CALLEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH J. CHANDA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MAREK A. STAWISKI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-6-751_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In "Dermatomyositis and Malignancy" (Ann Intern Med84:68-76, 1976), Barnes has thoroughly reviewed the pertinent literature. She concludes from this review that the incidence of malignancy in dermatomyositis is increased; the tumors associated with dermatomyositis are overrepresented by ovarian and stomach cancers and underrepresented by colorectal cancers; and in some cases tumor therapy, steroids, or immunosuppressives may lead to improvement in the myopathy. We have reservations about these conclusions for these reasons. First, the literature reviewed contains many case reports and series in which the diagnosis of dermatomyositis has not been established on the basis of specific... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Dermatology The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDermatomyositis and Nasopharyngeal CarcinomaAdult polyomyositis/dermatomyositis associated with acute myeloid leukemia. A case reportDermatomyositis, Carcinoma of Colon and Meningioma in the Same PatientFulminant Dermatomyositis after Removal of a CancerDermatomyositis and MalignancyMalignancy in polymyositis/ dermatomyositisDERMATOMYOSITIS 1 June 1976Volume 84, Issue 6Page: 751-752KeywordsCancer immunotherapyCase seriesColorectal cancerDermatomyositisImmunosuppressivesOvarian cancerSteroid therapySteroidsStomach Issue Published: 1 June 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...
606 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STAGE OF LIVER FIBROSIS AND REGULATORY T (TREG) CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C COINFECTED WITH HIV
Authors: N.I. Rallon, M. Lopez, J. Garcia-Samaniego, V. Soriano, M. Romero-Portales, P. Labarga, P. Garcia-Gasco, J.M. Benito
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
The AIRSAN Project - Efficient, coherent EU level response to public health threats in air transport
Authors: A Milde-Busch, A Gilsdorf
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Preview this article: The AIRSAN Project - Efficient, coherent EU level response to public health threats in air transport, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/19/38/art20913-en-1.gif
PARTIAL THYROIDECTOMY IN DEMENTIA PRÆCOX
Authors: RANDOLPH WINSLOW
Journal: JAMA (1910)

The term "dementia præcox" is applied to a condition of progressive insanity occurring in young persons, usually between the ages of 18 and 25 years, though occasionally it may be delayed until later in life. This disease, whilst presenting many variations, has been divided into the following groups by Kraepelin: hebephrenia, catatonia, and paranoid dementia, which at times are sharply defined from each other, but sometimes resemble each other so closely that a differentiation is difficult. About 15 per cent, of all cases admitted to institutions for the care of the insane are of this character. It is a chronic form of mental disease, usually beginning insidiously, but sometimes acutely, and generally terminating in complete imbecility. In 70 per cent. of cases there is a history of some hereditary taint; in a few cases a history of trauma or of some infectious disease; in others of overexertion, mental or physical,
NICE will develop 70 more quality standards on public health
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To examine alcohol and drug use during unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), and whether use is associated with HIV-related risk behaviours among gay and bisexual men in Scotland. <h3>Methods</h3> Cross-sectional survey of 17 gay commercial venues in Glasgow and Edinburgh in May 2011 (n=1515, 65.2% response rate); 639 men reporting UAI are included. <h3>Results</h3> 14.4% were always and 63.4% were sometimes drunk during UAI in the previous 12 months; 36.3% always/sometimes used poppers; 22.2% always/sometimes used stimulant or other recreational/illicit drugs; and 14.1% always/sometimes used Viagra. All were significantly correlated and, in multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds of having UAI with 2+ partners in the previous 12 months were significantly higher for men who reported stimulant or recreational/illicit drug use during UAI (AOR=2.75, 95% CI 1.74 to 4.34) and the adjusted odds of UAI with casual partners were higher for men who reported poppers use (AOR=1.50, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.17). Men who reported always being drunk during UAI were more likely to report UAI with 2+ partners (AOR=1.68, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.81), casual partners (AOR=2.18, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.73), and partners of unknown/discordant HIV status (AOR=2.14, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.53), than men who were not. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study suggests alcohol and drug use may be relatively common during UAI among gay and bisexual men in Scotland. Brief alcohol or drug interventions, particularly in clinical settings, are justified, but should be properly evaluated and take into account the potential influence of broader, situational and social factors on sexual risk.
Endotherapy of Zenker’s diverticulum using the needle-knife technique: long-term follow-up
Authors: A. Vogelsang, C. Preiss, H. Neuhaus, B. Schumacher
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

See also: Commentaire de "Traitement endoscopique du diverticule de Zenker: le choix des armes", pp. 141, 131, 137, 146Endoscopy 2007; 39(02): 193-193DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306914
Beijing and the future of women
Authors: N. Craft
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Improving health depends on changing women's social and political roles Delegates to next week's United Nations world conference on women, which is being held in Beijing, hope to regain the momentum that has been lost since the previous conference in Nairobi a decade ago. The UN's Commission on the Status of Women concluded as long ago as 1990 that although the world community had become more conscious of issues affecting women, less and less was being done to improve their lot.

Delegates will be also hammering out the final wording of a draft platform for action,1 meant for governments, non-government organisations, and the private sector. This 150 page document groups obstacles to women's advancement under 12 “critical areas for concern,” of which health is one.

Last year's UN conference on population and development in Cairo witnessed a major shift in the way that governments approach population control, moving away from coercive attempts to achieve demographic goals …
Illicit Drugs Take Still Another Toll—Death or Injury From Vehicle-Associated Trauma
Authors: Andrew Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1990)

AMONG THE CASUALTIES of drug abuse are the dead and injured from vehicular accidents associated with the use of illicit drugs. Each year approximately 46 000 people die on US highways and 300 000 to 500 000 more suffer serious injuries. While studies have shown that alcohol plays a significant causal role in at least 60% of these traumas, there are few data to show how much the use of marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, and other illicit drugs adds to the toll. Experts are only beginning to study the nature and extent of the problem by examining data from the nation's emergency departments and shock trauma centers. Speaking at the 12th National Trauma Symposium, Carl A. Soderstrom, MD, director of Physician Education for the Maryland Institute for Emergency Medical Services Systems, Baltimore, described the results of recent studies of the prevalence of drug use among patients treated for vehicular accident injuries.
ORIGIN OF THE TERM "NEUROCIRCULATORY ASTHENIA"
Authors: Thomas Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —An article by Drs. Morris and Friedlander inThe Journal(Aug. 3, 1918, p. 375) calls my attention again to a misunderstanding arising out of an error in publication. The article that appeared under my name in the<i>Military Surgeon</i>(1918,<b>42,</b>409) was written by the American medical officers who were then attached to this hospital. They were Capt. B. S. Oppenheimer, Lieut. M. A. Rothschild, Lieut. S. A. Levine, Lieut. F. Wilson, Lieut. R. Morison and Lieut. St. Lawrence. The article was sent to press under their names, but at their request I added a short "foreword." Through an editorial blunder, as I am informed, the article appeared wrongly under my name. Though I am in agreement with the main arguments of the writers, as indicated by the foreword that I wrote, I naturally cannot assume responsibility for statements which are in reality theirs; that
Tumor-promoting phorbol esters inhibit cardiac functions and induce redistribution of protein kinase C in perfused beating rat heart.
Authors: S H Yuan, F A Sunahara, A K Sen
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Activation of protein kinase C has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of cellular reactions. Although we, and others, have found protein kinase C and its substrate proteins to be present in both membrane and cytosolic fractions in the heart, the physiologic role of this kinase in the regulation of cardiac functions remains unknown. In the present study, we found that in isolated perfused rat heart, administration of phorbol esters 4 beta-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate(PDBu) and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate(TPA), which are specific activators of protein kinase C, produced marked dose-dependent negative changes in inotropy and chronotropy. A dose-dependent decrease in coronary flow was also observed. The diacylglycerol analogues, 1,2-oleoylacetyl-glycerol and 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol, produced similar effects as the active phorbol esters on these isolated perfused hearts. An inactive analogue of phorbol ester, 4 alpha-phorbol, failed to produce any effect. Protein kinase C activity in both membrane and cytosolic fractions prepared from rat heart could be activated by TPA and PDBu at the same concentration range as used in the experiments with perfused hearts. Following perfusion of the hearts with PDBu, a rapid translocation of protein kinase C from cytosolic to membrane fractions was also observed. Our findings provide the first direct evidence that protein kinase C may play a potentially important role in the regulation of cardiac functions.
The Dickinson W. Richards lecture. New concepts in assessing cardiovascular function.
Authors: K Wasserman
Journal: Circulation (1988)

The primary role of the heart is to provide energy for the circulatory transport of oxygen (O2) to cells at rates commensurate with their metabolic activity. At rest, even a "sick" heart may be capable of transporting O2 adequately. But during exercise, the increase in O2 required by muscle cells demands that their blood flow be increased. The supply of O2 needed to meet the O2 requirement for muscle mitochondrial high-energy phosphate generation during exercise is a critical function of the circulation. Thus, the adequacy of cardiovascular function can be estimated, noninvasively, from the pattern of O2 uptake in response to an exercise stimulus. While arterial O2 tension (PaO2) is dependent on pulmonary function (except for intracardiac right-to-left shunt), the mass transfer of O2 (VO2) between the cells and lungs depends on pulmonary blood flow (i.e., cardiac output) and O2 concentration difference between the pulmonary arterial and pulmonary venous blood, C(a-v)O2 (Fick principle). Thus, VO2 in the first 15 seconds of exercise can be used to describe the initial increase in pulmonary blood flow and stroke volume, while the subsequent rise in VO2 results from the further increase in VO2 in response to work rate increase are used to detect circulatory disturbances. Also, the rate of CO2 output (VCO2) has been valuable in the assessment of cardiovascular function when related to VO2. Inadequate O2 availability results in anaerobic metabolism, causing increased muscle lactic acid production. At the pH of cell water, most of the hydrogen ions produced with lactate are buffered by bicarbonate. The CO2 generated by the buffering reaction (22 ml for each milliequivalent) causes a net increase in VCO2 relative to VO2 at the work rate at which buffering begins. This provides a useful estimate of the anaerobic threshold. Thus, study of the dynamic coupling of external to cellular respiration during a work rate stimulus provides valuable, direct, and noninvasive information about cardiovascular mechanisms in health and disease.
Bacterial Vaginosis and the Outcome of Pregnancy
Authors: Michael Feingold
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Gravett and associates<sup>1</sup>are to be congratulated for their work on the association of bacterial vaginosis and premature rupture of the membranes. They suggest that the mechanism by which maternal cervical or vaginal infection may cause preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of the membranes may involve bacterial phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>and subsequent cleaving of bound arachidonic acid from the phospholipid components of fetal membranes. The resulting free arachidonic acid, an obligate precursor of prostaglandin, would now be available for prostaglandin synthesis and the initiation of labor and preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Some recent work in our laboratory supports this concept. <h3>Study.—</h3> We have developed an in vitro experimental model that has allowed us to study amniotic lysosomal enzyme release (ie, phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>) under controlled conditions.<sup>2</sup>A layer of human amniotic membranes was mounted on a specially designed reaction vessel serving as
RELATION OF PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS TO SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: MILTON I. LEVINE
Journal: JAMA (1933)

In view of various opinions as to a possible relationship existing between physical characteristics of an individual and susceptibility to anterior poliomyelitis, the following study was undertaken during the month of April, 1932: Fifty-two children, all of whom had been paralyzed during the epidemic of 1931 in New York City, were studied from an anthroposcopic point of view. The factors taken into consideration were the separation of the teeth, the presence of lunulae at the base of the finger nails, the color of the individual, the presence of pigmented spots, the shape of the aperture of the eyes, the development of the male genitalia, and the general build of the individual. These factors were chosen since they were made the anthroposcopic basis of the study recently reported by Draper<sup>1</sup>on the same subject. In order to make the results as accurate as possible, an equal number of controls was
Some Administrative Problems in Adaptation of Houses for Home Dialysis
Authors: P. E. Gower, R. K. T. Stubbs
Journal: BMJ (1971)

A study of the rate of adaptation, cost, and method of payment for converting the house for home dialysis in 35 patients from Fulham Hospital has shown considerable differences among local authorities in assessing and demanding contributions from patients in various areas. It is shown that delay in adapting houses has resulted in the dialysis unit being unable to take on at least 19 new patients during the years 1967-70. A more uniform approach, together with some central financial arrangements, might avoid undue hardship and delay.
Oncogenic cooperation between H-Twist and N-Myc overrides failsafe programs in cancer cells
Authors: Sandrine Valsesia-Wittmann, Maud Magdeleine, Sébastien Dupasquier, Elisabeth Garin, Anne-Catherine Jallas, Valérie Combaret, Alexander Krause, Philippe Leissner, Alain Puisieux
Journal: Cancer Cell (2004)
Classification and rescue of ROMK mutations underlying hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome
Authors: Melanie Peters, Saskia Ermert, Nikola Jeck, Christian Derst, Ulla Pechmann, Stefanie Weber, Karl P. Schlingmann, Hannsjoerg W. Seyberth, Siegfried Waldegger, Martin Konrad
Journal: Kidney International (2003)