tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Researchers Hope New Database Becomes Universal Cancer Genomics Tool
Authors: M. Martin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2012)

ClinicalCancer Research (CCR) study of 68 breast carcinomas.The other, an amplified metastasis gene, MTDH, or metadherin, predicts poor clinical outcome.Researchers are also using CNAs to find new treatments.In the generally benign juvenile brain tumor pilocytic astrocytoma, CNAs led to mutated BRAF genes and new drugs that inhibit mitogen-activated protein kinase, an enzyme that BRAF regulates, Baudis said.Likewise, an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) oncogene gain, or amplification, may render an inheritable form of neuroblastoma amenable to a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved lung cancer treatment, crizotinib."We are always on the lookout for CNAs that may be treatment targets or prognostic indicators," said Fish, who directs the Cohen Children's Medical Center neuroblastoma program in New Hyde Park, N.Y.The 2008 discovery of ALK's role in neuroblastoma was a "watershed moment," he added, in the history of this difficult disease.
Abstract 367: Imaging and diagnostic potentials of a novel cancer targeting peptide on bladder cancer <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Siddharth Trehan, Tzu-yin Lin, Ruiwu Liu, Hong-Yong Zhang, Chong-Xian Pan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: We have previously identified a cyclic peptide PLZ4 through screening of “one bead one compound”(OBOC), that specifically binds to bladder urothelial carcinoma cells. The main objective of this study is: 1) to optimize the binding and diagnostic potential of PLZ4 on cancer cells in urine, 2) to determine the imaging potential in xenograft mouse model. Methods: PLZ4 peptide was conjugated to the fluorescent dye Alexa 488 to determine the binding affinity toward several human and canine clinical biopsy smears and paraffin-fixed bladder tumor sections. It was also tested for in vitro diagnostic efficiency with human and dog bladder cancer cell lines treated with urine for 2 and 4 hours. To determine the in vivo targeting and imaging efficacy, PLZ4 was labeled with 64Cu through the chelator DOTA or near-infrared dye DiD loaded in nanocarriers. Mice carrying subcutaneous human or dog bladder cancer xenografts generated from cell lines or clinical specimens were used for in vivo imaging. Results: Our results indicated that PLZ4-Alexa 488 bound to primary bladder cancer obtained from dog and human patients and had higher affinity in paraffin-fixed bladder tumor sections compared to H232A lung cancer xenograft tissue sections. PLZ4 also retained its affinity toward both human and dog bladder cancer cells in the presence of urine for 2 and 4 hours. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging displayed the accumulation of PLZ4-DOTA-64Cu conjugate at human xenograft bladder cancer sites, while liver and kidney were also found to have high uptake. DiD-loaded nanomicelles decorated with PLZ4 showed a better homing property than non-targeting nanomicelles in both human and canine xenograft bladder cancers. Conclusion: PLZ4 has high imaging, diagnostic and therapeutic potential both in vitro and in vivo. It can possibly be developed for targeted delivery of radionuclides or chemotherapeutic nanoformulations in the management of bladder cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 367. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-367
Impact of IL28B Genotype on the Early and Sustained Virologic Response in Treatment-Naïve Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Albert Friedrich Stättermayer, Rudolf Stauber, Harald Hofer, Karoline Rutter, Sandra Beinhardt, Thomas Matthias Scherzer, Kerstin Zinober, Christian Datz, Andreas Maieron, Emina Dulic–Lakovic, Harald H. Kessler, Petra Steindl–Munda, Michael Strasser, Christoph Krall, Peter Ferenci
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2010)
Rupture of the Distal Biceps Brachii Tendon
Authors: Elihu Friedmann
Journal: JAMA (1963)

AVULSION of the tendon of the biceps brachii at its distal insertion has been reported as a rare lesion. In the past 20 yr numerous articles have appeared describing this clinical entity and its treatment.<sup>1-8</sup>However, since 1898 only approximately 100 cases of this condition have been reported. The largest series was recorded in 1941 by Dobbie<sup>4</sup>who collected 51 cases by circularizing 490 US physicians. The maximum number reported by any single surgeon was three, a figure that has not been exceeded in subsequent articles. In the present paper the author wishes to report a series of nine cases that have been subjected to surgical repair and an additional four unrepaired cases. The articles reviewed were primarily concerned with the manner of insertion of the biceps tendon. The question arises as to whether this tendon should be reattached at its anatomical point of insertion on the
Improving iron status in children in poor environments
Authors: A. Tomkins
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Iron deficiency among children is common, especially in less developed countries, and affects psychomotor development.1 But the potential risk is that improving iron status may stimulate the development of infection. 2 3 Although iron supplements improve cognition and growth 4 5 of deficient children, they can be harmful. Microbial proliferation is influenced by the iron concentration of the culture medium6 and iron supplements can produce oxidative stress.7 Over the years increased infection rates have been reported after iron intervention.8 Bad news always travels …
NEUROSES ASSOCIATED WITH THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: George E. Daniels
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1934)

The communication presents an approach to the psychiatric treatment of neuroses simulating or associated with somatic diseases, using common manifestations of the gastro-intestinal tract as a basis for discussion. Although essentially clinical, the first section outlines a dynamic grouping consisting of: (1) arcissistic; (2) transference neurotic, and (3) physio or actual neurotic reactions. The use of such formulations in handling clinical material is illustrated by cases taken from the Columbia Medical Center, New York City. The importance, for treatment purposes, of determining the narcissistic and transference elements is emphasized. The presentation, though intended for psychiatrists, indicates the importance of the problem for the general medical man, and the need for making the psychiatrist's experience available to him. This is particularly true when manifest physical disease is combined with a neurosis, a combination which present day research is finding more and more common.
CASE OF ULCERATION OF THE POSTERIOR WALL OF THE LESSER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH, OF EIGHT YEARS DURATION: DEATH FROM HAeMORRHAGE
Authors: W. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1856)

STANL has be obliged, somewhat on thelan reoom- mended by Mr. Gay, to open into the hip-jo4int, for the pur- po of gving exit to matter.the ptisets B. J. ged 37, in Darker Wud, a tall able man, engad on a railway, who ys heot a "rick" or start in his hip about ie ys sioe.an his a long probe traversed a sinus twelve or fouenies long, from below the great trochanter up to the dorsum il.The part around were all i ely swollen, and infiltrated with pu.M. Busk, who had prously see the case, stated that the more serious symptoms commeed with those of acute sjnovitis of the hip-joint.Mr. Paget, Mr. Arnott, Mr. Rkey, and others who also happened to be present at the consultation, ana aided M. Stanley with their advice, seemed to look upon the cas as almost hopeless, if some heroic mean were not put in force.Mr. Jones of Jersy, who was also present, exMibited the head and trochanter of a femur in a similar case, which he recently excised with the best possible result.Mr. Stanley made his incision apparently through the glutmi muscles behind the joint, as the most depending position.TUMOUR 0P THR LOWER MAXILLA.Mr. PAGET operated, on last Saturday, in a case of ex- tensive disease of the lower maxilla-a fibrous tumour of the interior of the ascending ramus of the lower jaw, which, according to the history, had been growing for seven
lndium-111 Leukocyte Imaging The Skeletal Photopenic Lesion
Authors: M L BROWN, M F HAUSER, A AZNAREZ, R H FITZGERALD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Photon-deficient lesions in the skeleton occasionally are seen in In-111 leukocyte imaging. Although the findings usually indicate past surgery, previous infections, or radiation therapy effect, they may be due to metastatic disease or active or partially treated infection.
Disturbed interaction of p21-rac with mutated p67-phox causes chronic granulomatous disease.
Authors: J H Leusen, A de Klein, P M Hilarius, A Ahlin, J Palmblad, C I Smith, D Diekmann, A Hall, A J Verhoeven, D Roos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is characterized by the failure of phagocytic leukocytes to generate superoxide, needed for the intracellular killing of microorganisms. This is caused by mutations in any one of the four subunits of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. In a rare, autosomal recessive form of CGD, a 67-kD cytosolic component of this enzyme (p67-phox) is missing. We here report on a patient with a mutation in the p67-phox gene that leads to expression of a nonfunctional p67-phox protein. The purified granulocytes of this patient failed to produce superoxide and contained about half of the normal amount of p67-phox. Analysis of the cDNA and genomic DNA of this patient showed that the patient is a compound heterozygote for a triplet nucleotide deletion in the p67-phox gene, predicting an in-frame deletion of lysine 58 in the p67-phox protein and a larger deletion of 11-13 kb in the other allele. Interestingly, the 58Lys deletion in p67-phox disrupts the interaction with p21-rac1, a ras-related protein involved in the activation of the NADPH oxidase. In contrast to normal neutrophils, in which p47-phox and p67-phox translocate to the plasma membrane upon cell activation, the cells of the patient did not show this translocation, indicating that an interaction between p67-phox and p21-rac1 is essential for translocation of these cytosolic proteins and activation of the NADPH oxidase. Moreover, this CGD patient represents the first case of disease caused by a disturbed binding of a ras-related protein to its target protein.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF SURGICAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING MITRAL VALVE SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH FUNCTIONAL MITRAL REGURGITATION AND SEVERE LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Ali Andalib, Michael Chetrit, Kristian Filion, Christos Gatalas, Darren Mylotte, Pascal Theriault-Lauzier, Waleed Alharbi, Samuel Mamane, Magdalena Dorfmeister, Mina Girgis, Benoit de Varennes, Kevin Lachapelle, Renzo Cecere, Ruediger Lange, Joseph Martucci, Mark Eisenberg, Nicolo Piazza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Prophylaxis of Venous Thrombosis
Authors: J. M. Lambie, D. C. Barber, D. P. Dhall, N. A. Matheson
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Prophylaxis of Venous Thrombosis SIR,-We wish to rectify an omission in our paper (18 April, p.144) on dextran 70 in the prophylaxis of postoperative venous thrombosis.Dextran 70, although not an approved name, means a dextran fraction with a mean molecular weight of 70,000.Throughout our work on the antithrombotic properties of dextran, including the above study, we have used Macrodex, a 6% solu- tion of dextran with a weight average molecular weight of 70,000 and of precisely defined molecular weight distribution.Macrodex is different from Rheomacrodex, which has a mean molecular weight of 40,000.Both these dextran fractions are manufactured by Pharmacia AB, Uppsala, and are distributed in Britain by Pharmacia (Great Britain),
Abstract 4799: The expression of nuclear factor-kB in human oral squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with clinical factors.
Authors: Tetsuya Tamatani, Natsumi Takamaru, Makoto Kinouchi, Nobuyuki Kuribayasi, Daisuke Uchida, Kenji Fujisawa, Hirokazu Nagai, Youji Miyamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract [Background] Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a key transcription factor plays a major role in carcinogenesis, regulate many important signaling pathways involved in tumor progression. The overexpression of NF-κB in the nuclei has been reported to be a poorer prognostic factor in various malignancies. However, the prognostic value of NF-κB expression in patients with oral cancer is less understood. [Purpose] The aims of present study were to evaluate the expression of p65 protein, which is NF-κB subunits, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to elucidate the relationships among the p65 expression, clinical stages, histological differentiation and classification of invasion mode. [Materials and Methods] Tissue specimens were obtains from 78 patients with OSCC after surgery or biopsy. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the p65 subunit of NF-κB, using &amp;gt;10% nuclear staining-positive cells as a surrogate of activation. Human OSCC cell lines, B88, cells were used in this study. After B88 cells were inoculated into the tongue of nude mice, tumors and metastatic lymph nodes were cut off, and applied to immunohistochemical analysis of p65. [Results] Immunohistochemical analysis of 78 cases of OSCC showed that the expression of cytoplasmic p65 was detected in all OSCC and in 4/6 cases of epithelial dysplasia, but not in normal epithelial cells. 19 (24.3%) cases of 78 OSCC patients expressed nuclear p65 protein. There was no relationship between nuclear p65 expression and clinical stages, or classification of invasion mode. There were significant differences between nuclear p65 expression and histological differentiation or metastasis. Nuclear p65 expression of cancer cells in metastatic lymph nodes increased compared with cancer cells of primary sites. Although nuclear p65 expression of B88 cells tumor in the tongue was not almost detected, nuclear p65 expression of cancer cells in metastatic lymph nodes was increased. [Conclusions] These findings suggested that the expression of nuclear p65 in OSCC could be related to histological differentiation and metastasis. Citation Format: Tetsuya Tamatani, Natsumi Takamaru, Makoto Kinouchi, Nobuyuki Kuribayasi, Daisuke Uchida, Kenji Fujisawa, Hirokazu Nagai, Youji Miyamoto. The expression of nuclear factor-kB in human oral squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with clinical factors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4799. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4799
Eliminating Inpatient Sliding-Scale Insulin: A Reeducation Project With Medical House Staff
Authors: Andrea A. Peterson, Pamela Charney, Nancy J. Rennert
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

We applaud Baldwin et al.’s (1) efforts to improve the management of inpatient hyperglycemia and to advance resident knowledge about best care practices. However, we would welcome additional data to support the authors’ assertion that the effect on medical house staff education was sustained. The data reported were only from the 8-week study period, when an attending endocrinologist rounded with residents twice each day on all study patients. There are no data from a subsequent time period for comparison. …
HIV Prevention Trial in African Women Fails, Adherence a Problem
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Restoring Synaptic Connections in the Inner Ear after Noise Damage
Authors: Lisa L. Cunningham, Debara L. Tucci
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Prolonged exposure to noise results in loss of ribbon synapses, composed in part by superclusters of neurotransmitter vesicles in the sensory hair cells of the cochlea. Expression of a nerve growth factor in mouse cochlea mitigates noise-induced damage and hearing loss.
Fetal subdural haemorrhages presenting as hydrocephalus.
Authors: M R Lebed, L D Platt, B S Schifrin, M Sims, C Afriat
Journal: BMJ (1980)

stood Mendelian inheritance well.They found it virtually impossible to accept the concept of the healthy carrier.The usual response was to agree politely that the child was perfectly healthy and did not need any treatment, but that children should be tested as young as possible-"so that it can be treated in time."Since completing this study we have been aware of the comparative simplicity of coun- selling families who come for testing, or have already been tested, if there is prior knowledge of their condition.They might, for example, have relatives with a haemoglobinopathy or trait, might have been tested themselves in pregnancy, or might have been referred by a doctor of their own ethnic background.We conclude that mass screening for haemo- globinopathy is unjustified, at least in this country.We advocate instead further health education about haemoglobinopathies together with financial support for hospitals recognised as able to offer both adequate testing and coun- selling.
Early and Late Mortality of Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement After Previous Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Sayid F. Fighali, Amilcar Avendaño, MacArthur A. Elayda, Vei Vei Lee, Cesar Hernandez, Valentina Siero, Robert D. Leachman, Denton A. Cooley
Journal: Circulation (1995)

In a small number of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), a hemodynamically significant aortic valve lesion requiring aortic valve replacement (AVR) develops as they grow older. In a limited number of studies in small patient groups, high mortality has been shown in patients undergoing AVR after CABG. We undertook this study to determine the mortality risk factors for patients who undergo AVR after CABG procedures.The outcome of 104 patients treated at our institution between January 1983 and December 1993 was retrospectively reviewed. The initial surgery was CABG in all patients. The patient population included 86 men (83%) and 18 women (17%); their mean age was 67 years. Overall, 70% of patients had congestive heart failure, and 96% had multivessel coronary artery disease. The diagnosis was aortic stenosis in 68% of patients, aortic insufficiency in 16%, and combined aortic stenosis and aortic insufficiency in 16%. Postoperative complications included worsening congestive heart failure (35%), perioperative myocardial infarction (13%), and bleeding (28%). The early mortality was 14%, and the late mortality was 17% (mean follow-up, 35 months). The risk factors for early mortality were number of diseased vessels (P = .028), renal failure (0.000), and prior myocardial infarction (P = .028). A perioperative predictor of early mortality was cardiopulmonary bypass time (P = .000). The risk factors for late mortality included preoperative diabetes mellitus (P = .007), postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome (P = .011), and ventricular arrhythmias (P = .0001). The survival at 1, 5, and 10 years was 96%, 75%, and 49%, respectively.Risk factors were identified for early and late mortality in patients undergoing AVR after previous CABG. Although early morbidity and mortality were high, the longterm outcome of the survivors was favorable.
N-myc Can Substitute for Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling in a Mouse Model of Sonic Hedgehog–Induced Medulloblastoma
Authors: Samuel R. Browd, Anna M. Kenney, Oren N. Gottfried, Joon Won Yoon, David Walterhouse, Carolyn A. Pedone, Daniel W. Fults
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Medulloblastoma is a malignant brain tumor that arises in the cerebellum in children, presumably from granule neuron precursors (GNP). Advances in patient treatment have been hindered by a paucity of animal models that accurately reflect the molecular pathogenesis of human tumors. Aberrant activation of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathways is associated with human medulloblastomas. Both pathways are essential regulators of GNP proliferation during cerebellar development. In cultured GNPs, IGF signaling stabilizes the oncogenic transcription factor N-myc by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3β–dependent phosphorylation and consequent degradation of N-myc. However, determinants of Shh and IGF tumorigenicity in vivo remain unknown. Here we report a high frequency of medulloblastoma formation in mice following postnatal overexpression of Shh in cooperation with N-myc. Overexpression of N-myc, alone or in combination with IGF signaling mediators or with the Shh target Gli1, did not cause tumors. Thus, Shh has transforming functions in addition to induction of N-myc and Gli1. This tumor model will be useful for testing novel medulloblastoma therapies and providing insight into mechanisms of hedgehog-mediated transformation. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(5): 2666-72)
Tissue factor inhibition impairs the maturation of neovascularization in postnatal angiogenesis
Authors: Frederic Mouquet, Katy Didier, Delphine Corseaux, Albin Pourtier, Sylvie Vincent, Chantal Vercamer, Bernard Vandenbunder, Christophe Bauters, Brigitte Jude, Eric Van Belle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
CONTRIBUTION TO THE PATHOLOGIC PHYSIOLOGY OF BOTULISM
Authors: CHARLES W. EDMUNDS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

During the last few years, an increasing interest has been taken in the form of food poisoning known as botulism. The condition is by no means a new one, as it has been recognized and described for almost 200 years. In this country, however, numerous outbreaks have occurred recently, and these, on account of certain characteristics, have served to call the attention of both the profession and the laity to the seriousness of the intoxication. That the condition appears in widely separated districts, that it frequently attacks several members of a family, and that its appearance is sudden and its mortality high are all facts which combine to give the outbreaks somewhat of a spectacular nature. With all this interest, however, it has not been possible to arrive as yet at an agreement as to the pathologic foundation for the clinical manifestations of the intoxication.  In one of the most
Has treatment for childhood gastroenteritis changed?
Authors: G A Kumar, T M Little
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Because so many children with gastroenteritis in our area were being treated with drugs, which are potentially harmful, we assessed the extent of treatment before admission to hospital of 288 children. Sixty four had been treated: 45 with antibiotic, antidiarrhoeal, or antiemetic drugs and 34 had been given glucose-electrolyte solution, 15 of those had also been given drugs; 119 had had no treatment. Since 1979 there has been a decrease in the use of drugs for gastroenteritis, but glucose-electrolyte mixtures are still underused.