tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Autonomic markers and cardiovascular and arrhythmic events in heart failure patients: still a place in prognostication? Data from the GISSI‐HF trial
Authors: Maria Teresa La Rovere, Gian Domenico Pinna, Roberto Maestri, Simona Barlera, Marino Bernardinangeli, Marco Veniani, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Roberto Marchioli, Luigi Tavazzi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Roche fined for breaching direct to consumer advertising ban and publishing unbalanced advertisements
Authors: Bob Burton
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Roche Products Australia has been fined a total of $A110 000 (£50 000; €64 000; $101 000) for breaching the drug industry’s self regulatory code of conduct by distributing three media releases that, despite a ban on direct to consumer drug advertising, promoted prescription drugs to the public.

The releases also promoted the use of approved drugs for unapproved indications and were unbalanced, omitting some of the risks associated with the drugs.

The complainant was the drug company GlaxoSmithKline Australia. It complained that Roche had published 21 media releases promoting the use of unapproved prescription drugs or approved drugs for unapproved indications. …
Monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-HETE and 15-HETE) induce pulmonary vasoconstriction and edema.
Authors: K E Burhop, W M Selig, A B Malik
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

5-, 15-, and 12-HETE (monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids) are products of the lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid. We investigated their role as possible mediators of pulmonary vasoactivity and pulmonary edema. Pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), capillary pressure (Pcap), the change in lung wet weight (delta wt) from baseline, and capillary filtration coefficient (Kf) (as a measure of vascular permeability) were determined following an intravenous injection of each mono-HETE in lungs perfused at constant flow with either a phosphate-buffered Ringer's-albumin solution (PBR) or diluted blood. Injection of 2 micrograms of each compound into the pulmonary artery of lungs perfused with either PBR or diluted blood did not produce any effect. However, in PBR-perfused lungs, 4 micrograms 15-HETE induced increases in Ppa, Pcap, and lung wet weight (p less than 0.05), which were greater than the increases observed after 4 micrograms 5-HETE. Kf increased following both 5- and 15-HETE. The pulmonary vasoconstrictor and edemagenic responses were attenuated by increasing perfusate albumin concentration from 0.5 to 1.5 g%. In contrast, 12-HETE (4 micrograms) had no effect on these parameters. In blood-perfused lungs, the pulmonary vascular responses to all HETE compounds (4 micrograms) were attenuated. In both Ringer's-albumin-perfused and blood-perfused lungs, the relative magnitude of the hemodynamic and fluid filtration responses to each mono-HETE were as follows: 15-HETE greater than 5-HETE greater than 12-HETE. In conclusion, the pulmonary vasoconstrictor and edemagenic effects of 5- and 15-HETE occur independently of blood-formed elements. 15-HETE causes greater pulmonary vasoconstriction and edema than 5-HETE. Both 5- and 15-HETE induce pulmonary edema, probably as a result of increased lung vascular permeability. The results indicate that 5- and 15-HETE are potent pulmonary inflammatory mediators.
RIGHT VENTRICULAR RESTRICTIVE PHYSIOLOGY IS ASSOCIATED WITH EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AND PULMONARY INSUFFICIENCY: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAM, CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND EXERCISE PERFORMANCE IN REPAIRED TETRALOGY OF FALLOT
Authors: Laura Mercer-Rosa, Mark Fogel, Stephen Paridon, Jack Rychik, Wei Yang, Elizabeth Goldmuntz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Treatment of platelet alloimmunization with intravenous immunoglobulin in a child with aplastic anemia
Authors: Shu‐Huey Chen, Der‐Cherng Liang, Marie Lin
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract A 9‐year‐old girl with severe refractory aplastic anemia had become refractory to platelet transfusion due to platelet alloimmunization. As a result, a huge right parieto‐temporo‐occipital cerebral hematoma and a subarachnoid hemorrhage subsequently occurred. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (Green Cross, Taiwan) at a dose of 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days, followed by another 3 doses during the following 5 days, and combined with large‐dose platelet transfusions effectively controlled the bleeding by elevating the platelet count to above 100 × 10 3 /mm 3 . The patient soon recovered with only a mild sequela. Two months later, because of multiple caries and a periodontal abscess, dental extraction needed to be performed. IVIG (0.4 g/kg/day × 6 days) enabled surgery to proceed by elevating the platelet count to above 55 × 10 3 /mm 3 , and no bleeding complications occurred during or after the procedure. The potential benefit of high‐dose IVIG in modulating platelet alloimmunization is a result of increasing the survival of transfused platelets. Thus, this therapy is recommended when patients with platelet alloimmunization have critical bleeding episodes or undergo surgical procedures. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficacy and Safety of Saxagliptin in Older Participants in the SAVOR-TIMI 53 Trial
Authors: Lawrence A. Leiter, Hwee Teoh, Eugene Braunwald, Ofri Mosenzon, Avivit Cahn, K.M. Prasanna Kumar, Alena Smahelova, Boaz Hirshberg, Christina Stahre, Robert Frederich, Francois Bonnici, Benjamin M. Scirica, Deepak L. Bhatt, Itamar Raz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE To examine the safety and cardiovascular (CV) effects of saxagliptin in the predefined elderly (≥65 years) and very elderly (≥75 years) subpopulations of the Saxagliptin Assessment of Vascular Outcomes Recorded in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 53 (SAVOR-TIMI 53) trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Individuals ≥40 years (n = 16,492; elderly, n = 8,561; very elderly, n = 2,330) with HbA1c ≥6.5% (47.5 mmol/mol) and ≤12.0% (107.7 mmol/mol) were randomized (1:1) to saxagliptin (5 or 2.5 mg daily) or placebo in a double-blind trial for a median follow-up of 2.1 years. RESULTS The hazard ratio (HR) for the comparison of saxagliptin versus placebo for the primary end point (composite of CV mortality, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke) was 0.92 for elderly patients vs. 1.15 for patients &amp;lt;65 years (P = 0.06) and 0.95 for very elderly patients. The HRs for the secondary composite end points in the entire cohort, elderly cohort, and very elderly cohort were similar. Although saxagliptin increased the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in the overall saxagliptin population, there was no age-based treatment interaction (P = 0.76 for elderly patients vs. those &amp;lt;65 years; P = 0.34 for very elderly patients vs. those &amp;lt;75 years). Among saxagliptin-treated individuals with baseline HbA1c ≥7.6% (59.6 mmol/mol), the mean change from baseline HbA1c at 2 years was −0.69%, −0.64%, −0.66%, and −0.66% for those ≥65, &amp;lt;65, ≥75, and &amp;lt;75 years old, respectively. The incidence of overall adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs was similar between saxagliptin and placebo in all cohorts; however, hypoglycemic events were higher for saxagliptin versus placebo regardless of age. CONCLUSIONS The SAVOR-TIMI 53 trial supports the overall CV safety of saxagliptin in a robust number of elderly and very elderly participants, although the risk of heart failure hospitalization was increased irrespective of age category. AEs and serious AEs as well as glycemic efficacy of saxagliptin in elderly patients are similar to those found in younger patients.
Rituximab therapy in pemphigus foliaceus: report of 12 cases and review of recent literature
Authors: L. de Sena Nogueira Maehara, J. Huizinga, M.F. Jonkman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Rituximab therapy in pemphigus foliaceus: report of 12 cases and review of recent literature Get access L. de Sena Nogueira Maehara, L. de Sena Nogueira Maehara Centre for Blistering Diseases Department of Dermatology University Medical Centre Groningen University of Groningen Hanzeplein 1 9700 RB Groningen the NetherlandsDepartment of Dermatology Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Huizinga, J. Huizinga Centre for Blistering Diseases Department of Dermatology University Medical Centre Groningen University of Groningen Hanzeplein 1 9700 RB Groningen the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.F. Jonkman M.F. Jonkman Centre for Blistering Diseases Department of Dermatology University Medical Centre Groningen University of Groningen Hanzeplein 1 9700 RB Groningen the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 5, 1 May 2015, Pages 1420–1423, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13586 Published: 01 May 2015
A STUDY OF RUBBER ADHESIVES IN SHOES AS THE CAUSE OF DERMATITIS OF THE FEET
Authors: Irvin H. Blank
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Dermatoses of the feet are troublesome and rather common. They range from mild fissuring between the toes to severe vesiculation, oozing, and edema of almost the entire foot. They may be of short or long duration. They may be sufficiently severe so that a physician is consulted early in the course of the disease, or they may be mild enough to have been self-medicated for many months before the aid of a physician is sought. The signs and symptoms of different dermatoses of the feet may be sufficiently similar so that it becomes difficult to diagnose and treat the dermatoses. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss the specific agent that causes allergic eczematous contact-type dermatitis of the feet, a condition that we believe is now being confused with epidermophytosis, bacterial infections, and inflammatory skin conditions from other causes. This condition clears readily when the allergen is eliminated.
Mechanical Disorders of the Low Back
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Any rational attempt to establish an acceptable concept of the origin and management of low back pain represents a most welcome venture. This monograph summarizes much of our knowledge of normal spine development, motion, and biomechanics. The essayist discusses degenerative disk disease from two perspectives— first, a description of disk degeneration, and subsequently a hypothesis to explain its origin. The remainder of the volume contains practical advice on management of the unfortunate victims of low back disease. Initial well-illustrated chapters adequately describe spine development and normal anatomy. An excellent, readable summary of data on lumbar spine motion, torsion and compression stress, and stress analysis up to and including the point of disk failure, includes current data that graphically depict spine dynamics. For example, a go-go dancer can oscillate the lumbosacral spine at 480 cycles/ min. Data on spine hydraulics is derived mainly from diskograms. A documentation of disk degenerative changes
On Moving Molecules in the Interior of Cells
Authors: W. Addison
Journal: BMJ (1844)

<h3>Abstract</h3> In the last decade of April 2020, the second epidemic wave began in Iran. If judging by the dynamics of total cases, the birth of this second wave coincides practically with the maximum growth rate of the primary epidemic started in Iran from the very beginning of 2020. Today, the secondary epidemic wave almost doubles the peak of the primary. The new epidemic wave grows rapidly and unpredictably. Also, we admit that the secondary epidemic waves are already getting started in other countries.
Costs of Amphotericin B Lipid Complex for Kala-Azar
Authors: Shyam Sundar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 February 1998Costs of Amphotericin B Lipid Complex for Kala-AzarShyam Sundar, MD and Henry W. Murray, MDShyam Sundar, MDBanaras Hindu University Institute of Medical Sciences; Varanasi, IndiaThe New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center; New York, NY 10021Search for more papers by this author and Henry W. Murray, MDBanaras Hindu University Institute of Medical Sciences; Varanasi, IndiaThe New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center; New York, NY 10021Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Basnyat raises the pertinent question of the cost of the short-course (5-day) regimen of amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC), which proved effective in Indian patients with kala-azar who had not responded to 30 days or more of standard pentavalent antimony therapy. As we pointed out, lipid formulations of amphotericin B, including ABLC, are expensive. If priced as they are in the United States, they are likely to be beyond the reach of most patients with kala-azar, who largely live in developing countries.Nonetheless, it is still worth considering how most patients in whom antinomy treatment fails are ...References1. Berman JD. Human leishmaniasis: clinical, diagnostic, and chemotherapeutic developments in the last 10 years. Clin Infect Dis. 1997; 24:684-703. Google Scholar2. Herbrecht R, Sosa C, Himy R, Villard O. Successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with high-dose amphotericin B diluted in fat emulsion: a case report. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996; 90:322-3. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Banaras Hindu University Institute of Medical Sciences; Varanasi, IndiaThe New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center; New York, NY 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTreatment of antimony-unresponsive Indian visceral leishmaniasis with ultra-short courses of amphotericin-B-lipid complex 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 326KeywordsAmphotericinAntimonyDrugsHospitalizationsKala-azarLength of stayLipidsPatientsResearch laboratories Issue Published: 15 February 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Contribution of allergen-specific and nonspecific nasal responses to early-phase and late-phase nasal responses
Authors: Satoko Miyahara, Nobuaki Miyahara, Joseph J. Lucas, Anthony Joetham, Shikegi Matsubara, Hiroshi Ohnishi, Azzeddine Dakhama, Erwin W. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Operating principles versus operating conditions in the distinction between associative and propositional processes
Authors: Bertram Gawronski, Galen V. Bodenhausen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Drawing on our Associative-Propositional Evaluation (APE) Model, we argue for the usefulness of distinguishing between basic operating principles of learning processes (associative linking vs. propositional reasoning) and secondary features pertaining to the conditions of their operation (automatic vs. controlled). We review empirical evidence that supports the joint operation of associative and propositional processes in the formation of new associations.
Renal angiotensin II up-regulation and myofibroblast activation in human membranous nephropathy
Authors: Sergio A. Mezzano, Claudio A. Aros, Alejandra Droguett, M. Eugenia Burgos, Leopoldo G. Ardiles, Claudio A. Flores, Daniel Carpio, Carlos P. Vío, Marta Ruiz-Ortega, Jesús Egido
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita and extensive mongolian spots: type 5 phacomatosis pigmentovascularis
Authors: A. Torrelo, A. Zambrano, R. Happle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Summary Two patients with an unusual association of extensive cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita and aberrant mongolian spots are reported. We believe that such association is best explained as a phenomenon of non‐allelic twin spotting. We found only one previous similar case in a textbook, and we support the classification of this condition as phacomatosis pigmentovascularis type V.
Developmental and behavioral changes in the rat during chronic exposure to lead.
Authors: L W Reiter, G E Anderson, J W Laskey, D F Cahill
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Young male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were given drinking water containing 5 or 50 ppm Pb for 40 days prior to mating. Pregnant females were continued on these regimens throughout gestation and lactation. After weaning the offspring were similarly exposed through adulthood. Reflex development, body weights, and locomotor activity were measured in the offspring. Significant delays were noted in the development of the righting reflex at 5 and 50 ppm and in eye opening at 50 ppm. No difference was observed in development of the startle reflex at either dose. Mean body weights of treatment groups during this developmental period were not significantly different from controls. Locomotor activity was measured in adult males utilizing a residential maze. Both levels of lead produced a significant reduction in locomotor activity. When groups were treated with d-amphetamine (4.0 mg/kg subcutaneous), lead treatment caused a dose-related diminution in the amphetamine-induced hyperactivity. These results indicate that rats exposed to low levels of lead from conception until adulthood show a delay in nervous system development. As adults, these animals exhibit hypoactivity and decreased responsiveness to amphetamine.
Altitude and All-Cause Mortality in Incident Dialysis Patients
Authors: Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, Jun Liu, M. Alan Brookhart
Journal: JAMA (2009)

patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) living at higher altitude achieved greater hemoglobin concentrations while receiving lower doses of erythropoietin. 1 This study raised the possibility that certain biological factors that are induced by hypoxia may be responsible for this finding.Hypoxia-induced factors, whose transcriptional activities may be increased at higher altitude in patients with ESRD, have been shown to improve iron availability, which may lead to more efficient erythropoiesis. 2,3Hypoxia-induced factors also regulate many enzymes that could affect cardiovascular risk, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, heme oxygenase-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase 2. 4,5 From these theoretical effects of hypoxia-induced factor activation at higher altitude, we hypothesized that increased altitude would be associated with reduced mortality risk among patients initiating chronic dialysis in the United States, and that this association would be more pronounced than in the US general population due to the blunted erythropoietin response to hypoxia-induced factors activation in patients with ESRD. METHODS Data SourcesThis study used data from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) and the US Geological Survey (USGS).The USRDS contains detailed data on all pa-tients in Medicare's ESRD program.The Medical Evidence Form contains demographic data; the likely cause of ESRD; some clinical baseline data such as weight and height; and certain laboratory measurements, such as serum albumin, creatinine, and hematocrit concentrations.In addition, the USRDS contains all Medicare Part A and B claims that include information on diagnoses and procedures recorded for all hospitalizations and outpatient visits.As described previously, we used data from the USGS and each patient's resi-dential zip code to define the altitude of each study patient's residence. 1he Brigham and Women's Hospital Institutional Review Board approved this research.
An ‘n-of-1’ placebo-controlled crossover trial of intravenous immunoglobulin as adjuvant therapy in refractory pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: D.F. Arnold, J. Burton, B. Shine, F. Wojnarowska, S.A. Misbah
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an organ-specific autoimmune blistering mucocutaneous disorder that is potentially fatal. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is increasingly used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and it has been reported that it may also be effective in PV.To evaluate prospectively the efficacy of IVIg for PV using an 'n-of-1' placebo-controlled trial.A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of IVIg was conducted in a single patient with severe PV, comprising two phases of six consecutive months of either IVIg or placebo infusion. Before the commencement of the trial, the patient had received 18 months of IVIg but concerns about the continuing therapeutic efficacy of IVIg led to the double-blind placebo-controlled 'n-of-1' trial of IVIg.Pemphigus autoantibody titres were significantly higher when on placebo compared with IVIg treatment (median 1 : 80 vs. 1 : 20, P = 0.007), desmoglein 3 (126 vs. 79, P = 0.004) and desmoglein 1 antibody levels (126 vs. 94, P = 0.004). There was a significant improvement in subjective disease activity scores while on IVIg compared with placebo (mean overall score 11.6 vs. 20.6, P < 0.0001).The results of this study confirm a beneficial effect of IVIg in the management of refractory PV.
Eccrine syringofibroadenoma: a case report with analysis of cytokeratin expression
Authors: F. ECKERT, M. NILLES, M. ALTMANNSBERGER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

A 56-year-old man presented with a 30-year history of a slowly enlarging lesion on the sole of his right foot. A biopsy showed an anastomosing network of small cuboidal cells with the formation of occasional sweat ductal lumina and a marked fibrovascular stroma. The histological findings were interpreted as consistent with the diagnosis of an eccrine syringofibroadenoma. Using immunohistochemistry all the tumour cells were positively stained by the pan-cytokeratin antibody Lu-5 and an antibody to the cytokeratins 1/5/10/11. In addition the luminal ductal cells expressed cytokeratin 19 and CEA. Tumour cells were negative for cytokeratins 1, 7, 8, 13 and 18 and did not express vimentin and GCDFP-15. The results indicate that the eccrine syringofibroadenoma is differentiated towards the dermal eccrine duct.
Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthesis Increases Adenosine Production via an Extracellular Pathway Through Activation of Protein Kinase C
Authors: Tetsuo Minamino, Masafumi Kitakaze, Koichi Node, Hiroharu Funaya, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background NO is known to deactivate protein kinase C (PKC). Because we have reported that the activation of PKC activates ecto-5′-nucleotidase, we examined whether the inhibition of NO synthesis increases ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity through the activation of PKC. Methods and Results The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was cannulated and perfused with blood through a bypass tube from the left carotid artery in 65 open-chest dogs. The intracoronary administration of N G -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 μg · kg −1 · min −1 ), an NO synthase inhibitor, for 30 minutes increased ( P &lt;.05) adenosine levels in coronary venous blood (123±10 versus 21±3 pmol/mL) and ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity (64±6 versus 41±4 nmol · mg −1 · min −1 ) in the LAD-perfused myocardium. The intracoronary administration of α,β-methyleneadenosine 5′-diphosphate, an inhibitor of ecto-5′-nucleotidase, or GF109203X or calphostin C, both of which are PKC inhibitors, attenuated the L-NAME–induced increases in adenosine levels and ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity. Treatment of cultured human coronary arterial endothelial cells (HCAECs) with L-NAME for 30 minutes increased ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity, which was inhibited by either GF109203X or calphostin C. NO releasers decreased both ecto-5′-nucleotidase and PKC activities in HCAECs. Treatment of HCAECs with zaprinast, a selective inhibitor of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase, with or without atrial natriuretic peptide, increased intracellular cGMP concentrations but did not change ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity. Conclusions These results indicate that the inhibition of NO synthesis increases both adenosine production and ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity through the activation of PKC and that NO modulates ecto-5′-nucleotidase via cGMP-independent mechanisms.