tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Followed by Contralateral Hemiparesis
Authors: Raul G Nogueira, Volney L Sheen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Figure 1. A 71-year-old man with a history of multiple myeloma and subsequent autologous bone marrow transplantation was evaluated for a facial rash in the distribution of the ophthalmic branch of the right trigeminal nerve (Panel A). The findings were consistent with the presence of herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and he was treated with intravenous acyclovir, leading to nearly complete resolution of his skin lesions after three weeks. Two months later, skin lesions recurred in the same distribution, with progressive worsening of his mental status and the acute onset of left hemiparesis. Examination revealed partial palsy of the right third cranial . . .
Making them squirm
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A few months ago I received a letter from a pharmaceutical company that presented “evidence” for the cost effectiveness of a popular antibiotic.

I'll spare the company's blushes, but let's just call it drug X and say the stuff is heavily advertised in the freebies, comes in a blister pack as two tone brightly coloured capsules, and if you bought a course of it privately you'd probably need to pay with a credit card. The letter said that tests in volunteers had …
Observations on Factors Affecting Local Forces in the Left Ventricular Wall during Acute Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Heinrich R. Schelbert, James W. Covell, John W. Burns, Peter R. Maroko, John Ross
Journal: Circulation Research (1971)

The factors affecting local myocardial function in the presence of ischemic myocardial damage may considerably influence cardiac function and the extent of tissue damage resulting from the initial ischemic injury. However, previous attempts to study local wall forces in the ischemic myocardium have produced variable results. In the present study, a technique was developed for recording isometric left ventricular wall tension that minimized artifacts due to external forces acting on the ischemic area. Miniature isometric force gauges were implanted in 23 dogs in the left ventricular wall within a zone buffered by two rows of transmural prongs attached to a ring. During a test occlusion of a branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery, the ischemic area was defined by the presence of epicardial ST segment elevation, and force gauges were implanted in marginal or ischemic areas of the myocardium. During a subsequent coronary occlusion wall force in the ischemic area fell immediately by an average of 31 ± 8%. When the occlusion was repeated during isoproterenol infusion, wall tension decreased in previously unaffected areas of the myocardium, although in ischemic areas it remained above previous control ischemic levels. Arterial counterpulsation improved the development of wall tension in the ischemic area by 27% and decreased the extent and amount of ST segment elevation. Thus the present study clearly indicates a significant reduction but not elimination of active myocardial wall force in ischemic zones following experimental coronary occlusion. Moreover, force could be augmented by either isoproterenol or counterpulsation, and counterpulsation can produce a significant improvement in function of the ischemic myocardium while reducing the area of ischemic injury.
Clinical trials in acute heart failure: simpler solutions to complex problems. Consensus document arising from a European Society of Cardiology cardiovascular round-table think tank on acute heart failure, 12 May 2009
Authors: Theresa A. McDonagh, Michel Komajda, Aldo P. Maggioni, Faiez Zannad, Mihai Gheorghiade, Marco Metra, Henry J. Dargie
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
CARDIOVERSIONS AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: PATIENT OUTCOMES IN THE UNITED STATES: DATA FROM ORBIT-AF
Authors: Sean Pokorney, Sunghee Kim, Zhaoyin Zhu, Laine Thomas, Gregg Fonarow, Michael Ezekowitz, Peter Kowey, Paul Chang, Bernard Gersh, Kenneth Mahaffey, Eric Peterson, Jonathan Piccini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Use of Stem Cells for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Guo-You Zhang, Qing-Feng Li, Xiao-Bing Fu
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
I. THE SEPARATION OF SODIUM FROM POTASSIUM IN HUMAN BLOOD SERUM BY ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Walter L. Arons, A. K. Solomon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1954)

The experiments to be described were undertaken to devise a simple and rapid technique for the separation of sodium from potassium in human blood serum in order to facilitate the simultaneous measurement of exchangeable sodium and potassium in man by the isotope dilution technique.This technique requires the intravenous admini- stration of a known amount of radioactive sodium (Na24) and radioactive potassium (K'2), followed by the determination, after a twenty-four hour equilibration period, of the individual sodium and potassium radioactivities and concentrations in the serum.The general principles underlying the application of the isotope dilution technique to the measurement of body constituents have been outlined by Edelnan, Olney, James, Brooks, and Moore (1).The data presented here are pri- marily concerned with the separation of sodium from potassium in aqueous solutions and serum.The results of our measurements in man are pre- sented in Part II of this study (2).
Randomized clinical trial of pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation and extracorporeal CO2 removal for adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Authors: A H Morris, C J Wallace, R L Menlove, T P Clemmer, J F Orme, L K Weaver, N C Dean, F Thomas, T D East, N L Pace, M R Suchyta, E Beck, M Bombino, D F Sittig, S Böhm, B Hoffmann, H Becks, S Butler, J Pearl, B Rasmusson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The impact of a new therapy that includes pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation followed by extracorporeal CO2 removal on the survival of patients with severe ARDS was evaluated in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Computerized protocols generated around-the-clock instructions for management of arterial oxygenation to assure equivalent intensity of care for patients randomized to the new therapy limb and those randomized to the control, mechanical ventilation limb. We randomized 40 patients with severe ARDS who met the ECMO entry criteria. The main outcome measure was survival at 30 days after randomization. Survival was not significantly different in the 19 mechanical ventilation (42%) and 21 new therapy (extracorporeal) (33%) patients (p = 0.8). All deaths occurred within 30 days of randomization. Overall patient survival was 38% (15 of 40) and was about four times that expected from historical data (p = 0.0002). Extracorporeal treatment group survival was not significantly different from other published survival rates after extracorporeal CO2 removal. Mechanical ventilation patient group survival was significantly higher than the 12% derived from published data (p = 0.0001). Protocols controlled care 86% of the time. Average PaO2 was 59 mm Hg in both treatment groups. Intensity of care required to maintain arterial oxygenation was similar in both groups (2.6 and 2.6 PEEP changes/day; 4.3 and 5.0 FIO2 changes/day). We conclude that there was no significant difference in survival between the mechanical ventilation and the extracorporeal CO2 removal groups. We do not recommend extracorporeal support as a therapy for ARDS. Extracorporeal support for ARDS should be restricted to controlled clinical trials.
Tantalum inhalation and airway responses.
Authors: P Smith, F Stitik, J Smith, R Rosenthal, H Menkes
Journal: Thorax (1979)

We studied the effects of tantalum inhalation bronchography on pulmonary function in 14 normal volunteers. Based on the radiographic type of deposition, the subjects were divided into three groups: (1) subjects who deposited tantalum mainly in the trachea, (2) subjects who deposited tantalum in segmental bronchi without radiographic evidence of bronchospasm, and (3) subjects who deposited tantalum in segmental bronchi with radiographic evidence of bronchospasm. Unlike the first two groups, the third group developed a significant but small decrease in the FEV. Airway reactivity as assessed by methacholine challenge did not explain the difference in response to tantalum in the third group. There were no consistent changes in total lung capacity, residual volume, or closing volume in any of the groups. Even though there were falls in FEV and specific conductance in individuals in groups 2 and 3, these changes did not pose any significant clinical risk.
Distinguishing Case Series From Cohort Studies
Authors: Olaf M. Dekkers, Matthias Egger, Douglas G. Altman, Jan P. Vandenbroucke
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Case series are a commonly reported study design, but the label "case series" is used inconsistently and sometimes incorrectly. Mislabeling impairs the appropriate indexing and sorting of evidence. This article tries to clarify the concept of case series and proposes a way to distinguish them from cohort studies. In a cohort study, patients are sampled on the basis of exposure and are followed over time, and the occurrence of outcomes is assessed. A cohort study may include a comparison group, although this is not a necessary feature. A case series may be a study that samples patients with both a specific outcome and a specific exposure, or one that samples patients with a specific outcome and includes patients regardless of whether they have specific exposures. Whereas a cohort study, in principle, enables the calculation of an absolute risk or a rate for the outcome, such a calculation is not possible in a case series.
Hazards for elderly people admitted for respite and social care
Authors: R J Lenton, P S Murdoch, A. Simpson
Journal: BMJ (1986)

during their stay.But the term "social admission" is inaccurate-"desperate admission" would be more pertinent.These patients have usually experienced a rapid deterioration in their health before admission, due to organic brain syndromes, multiple system disease, or severe physical frailty, and sometimes all three.The high mortality rate from these medical conditions is therefore scarcely surprising.The authors present no data on their patients' health before admission for us to judge their-pre- existing morbidity.Labelling chronically ill elderly patients as "social problems" contributes to therapeutic des- pondency in the ward team.It is also unfair and demeaning-elderly people do not deserve to be bracketed with soccer hooligans.
Smoking cessation, lung function, and weight gain: a follow-up study
Authors: Susan Chinn, Deborah Jarvis, Roberto Melotti, Christina Luczynska, Ursula Ackermann-Liebrich, Josep M Antó, Isa Cerveri, Roberto de Marco, Thorarinn Gislason, Joachim Heinrich, Christer Janson, Nino Künzli, Bénédicte Leynaert, Françoise Neukirch, Jan Schouten, Jordi Sunyer, Cecilie Svanes, Paul Vermeire, Matthias Wjst, Peter Burney
Journal: The Lancet (2005)
Acute abdominal pain in systemic lupus erythematosus: focus on lupus enteritis (gastrointestinal vasculitis)
Authors: C-K Lee, M S Ahn, E Y Lee, J H Shin, Y-S Cho, H K Ha, B Yoo, H-B Moon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

To determine the causes of acute abdominal pain in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to compare the clinical and laboratory data, especially antiphospholipid antibodies and the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), between lupus enteritis (gastrointestinal vasculitis) and acute abdominal pain without lupus enteritis in patients with SLE.A retrospective study was carried out for all patients admitted with SLE from 1993 to March 2001. The SLEDAI and laboratory data were collected at the time of diagnosis of SLE and at the time of acute abdominal pain. Lupus enteritis (gastrointestinal vasculitis) was diagnosed by clinical investigation and abdominal computed tomographic findings.Chart review identified 175 patients (20 male, 155 female) who had been admitted with SLE. Of these patients, 38 (22%) presented with acute abdominal pain. Lupus enteritis was the most common cause of acute abdominal pain. Patients were divided into three groups: group 1: lupus enteritis (n=17), group 2: acute abdominal pain without lupus enteritis (n=21), and group 3: SLE without acute abdominal pain (n=137). There was no difference in age and sex among the three groups. Antiphospholipid, anti-RNP, anti-Sm, anti-Ro, and anti-La antibodies did not differ among the three groups. There was no difference in the SLEDAI at the time of diagnosis and at the time of acute abdominal pain between groups 1 and 2. Complement, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, and anti-dsDNA measured at the time of acute abdominal pain did not differ between groups 1 and 2. A drop in the white blood cell count at the time of abdominal pain was more prominent in group 1 than group 2. In lupus enteritis, the jejunum and ileum were the sites most commonly affected. Rectal involvement was rare. Even though four patients relapsed, all the patients with lupus enteritis, including those who relapsed, responded well to corticosteroid.Lupus enteritis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain in SLE. All patients with lupus enteritis responded well to a high dose of a corticosteroid without surgical intervention. The SLEDAI and laboratory data, except leucopenia, do not correlate with the occurrence of lupus enteritis.
Notch-HES1 signaling axis controls hemato-endothelial fate decisions of human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Jung Bok Lee, Tamra E. Werbowetski-Ogilvie, Jong-Hee Lee, Brendan A. S. McIntyre, Angelique Schnerch, Seok-Ho Hong, In-Hyun Park, George Q. Daley, Irwin D. Bernstein, Mickie Bhatia
Journal: Blood (2013)
Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase II Trial Comparing Gemcitabine-Cisplatin plus the LTB4 Antagonist LY293111 versus Gemcitabine-Cisplatin plus Placebo in First-Line Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Pasi A. Jänne, Luis Paz-Ares, Yun Oh, Corinna Eschbach, Vera Hirsh, Nathan Enas, Leslie Brail, Joachim von Pawel
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
For Every Dollar Spent -- The Cost-Savings Argument for Prenatal Care
Authors: Jane Huntington, Frederick A. Connell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Public spending for prenatal care in the United States has been justified in recent years primarily by the cost-savings argument. Prenatal care, it is argued, can prevent the costs and medical complications associated with low birth weight; it is public health spending that pays for itself. This proposition seems intuitively reasonable and supports a popular public policy. Moreover, the findings of the body of research we consider here have given this assertion considerable weight and remarkable precision. Few other claims in medicine or in public health can be encapsulated into the statement that for every $1.00 spent, $1.701 (or $2.57 . . .
Iliac bone punch for psoas muscle transplants.
Authors: J C Griffiths, E Dervin, O B Heywood
Journal: BMJ (1971)

write: Transfer of the psoas muscle from the lesser to the greater trochanter is now a standard procedure in cer- tain paralytic disorders of the hip.The indications for the operation, originally for paralytic hip dislocation1 are now widening to include patients without dislocation but with muscular unbalance where the psoas is overactive or unop-
Association Between Length of Barrett's Esophagus and Risk of High-grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma in Patients Without Dysplasia
Authors: Rajeswari Anaparthy, Srinivas Gaddam, Vijay Kanakadandi, Benjamin R. Alsop, Neil Gupta, April D. Higbee, Sachin B. Wani, Mandeep Singh, Amit Rastogi, Ajay Bansal, Brooks D. Cash, Patrick E. Young, David A. Lieberman, Gary W. Falk, John J. Vargo, Prashanti Thota, Richard E. Sampliner, Prateek Sharma
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve
Authors: EDWARD G. STAFFORD, DOUGLAS D. MAIR, DWIGHT C. MCGOON, GORDON K. DANIELSON
Journal: Circulation (1973)

From 1957 through 1971, 18 patients whose ages ranged from 10 months to 18 years underwent surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve. All patients had associated pulmonary arterial aneurysms; in two the left pulmonary artery also was absent. Right middle lobectomy had been performed previously on one patient for lobar emphysema; seven other patients had recurrent pulmonary infections. The ventricular septal defect was closed with a patch in 12 patients and by direct suture in 6. Concomitant infundibular resection was done in all. In four the narrow pulmonary valve annulus was enlarged with an outflow patch, and multiple radial incisions were made in the valve annulus in seven others. The pulmonary arterial aneurysms were not resected in any patients. There were three hopsital deaths (17%) and two late deaths. Complete heart block developed intraoperatively in three patients, all operated on prior to 1963, contributing to the early death of one patient and to the late deaths of the other two. In a follow-up of all 13 survivors at 8 months to 15 years (median 6 years), results were excellent and equal to those of patients who have undergone repair of tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary valve.
Molecular mechanisms for leptin regulation of VEGF in breast cancer cells.
Authors: Y Xu, A Watters, SJ Leibovich, D Mann, BR Rueda, RR Gonzalez
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3071 Background: We have previously reported that in vitro and in vivo leptin signaling mediates proliferation of mouse 4T1 mammary tumor (MT) cells and levels of VEGF and VEGFR2. Therefore, we hypothesize that leptin can contribute to MT growth by augmenting angiogenesis through the regulation of VEGF expression. To test this we assessed whether leptin regulates VEGF promoter activity in mouse MT cells and if leptin-induced factors (HIF-1α, NFκB, AP1, SP1) regulate the VEGF promoter. Materials and Methods: Mouse MT cells (4T1, EM6 and MMT) were transiently transfected with molecular engineered luciferase-reporters (pGL3) for mouse VEGF promoter (full-length) and transcription factor-binding deletions for hypoxia responsive element (HRE), AP1, SP1 and NFκB. Leptin dose-response effects on reporter activity and VEGF levels (protein and mRNA) were investigated using ELISA, Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. To further assess leptin regulation of VEGF expression in MT cells the effects of hypoxia (CoCl2, hypoxia mimetic agent) alone and combined with leptin on VEGF promoter activity were investigated. To assess which leptin-induced signaling pathways/transcription factors are linked to VEGF regulation in MT cells inhibitors for: (1) JAK2/STAT3, MEK-1/MAPK and PI-3K/Akt-1 pathways and; (2) target molecules NFκB; SP1; AP1 and HIF-1α were used. The effects of leptin/CoCl2 and inhibitors on luciferase activity of transfected cells were compared using pRL-TK renilla luciferase as control and the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. Results: Our data suggest that leptin signaling can regulate the transcriptional activity of VEGF gene in breast cancer cells by activating gene transcription at several sites of the VEGF promoter. Leptin-induced HIF-1α has a relevant role in the regulation of VEGF expression in MT cells. Leptin can also increase VEGF-levels (protein and mRNA) through the specific activation of AP1, SP1, and NFκB. PI-3K activity was mainly linked to leptin regulatory effects on VEGF. However, diverse mechanisms for leptin regulation of VEGF expression were found in the different MT cells. Discussion: Our results provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms for leptin-induced angiogenic effects in breast cancer. Our data further suggest that disruption of leptin signaling could impact angiogenesis and MT growth by inhibiting VEGF expression. Thus targeted disruption of leptin-signaling could serve as method of prevention/treatment of breast cancer. This work was supported in part by the Susan G. Komen Foundation for the Cure (to R.R.G.; BC 504370); UAB Breast SPORE Award (to R.R.G) and Contraceptive Research and Development Program (CONRAD; CIG-07-114 to R.R.G). Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3071.
LATE BENEFIT OF INTRA-AORTIC BALLOON COUNTERPULSATION DURING HIGH-RISK PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: LONG-TERM MORTALITY DATA FROM THE BALLOON PUMP-ASSISTED CORONARY INTERVENTION STUDY (BCIS-1)
Authors: Divaka Perera, Rod Stables, Kalpa DeSilva, Matthew Lumley, Dasa Zugwitz, Lucy Clack, Martyn Thomas, Simon Redwood
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)