tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 733: Clinicopathological significance of CXCL12/CXCR4 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yusuke Uchi, Hiroya Takeuchi, Sachiko Matsuda, Hirofumi Kawakubo, Rieko Nakamura, Tsunehiro Takahashi, Norihito Wada, Yoshiro Saikawa, Tai Ohmori, Yuko Kitagawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Chemokines are known to be small weight cytokines which regulate variety of immune responses. It is also known that they and their receptors express in several cancers and correlate to progression of primary and metastatic cancer. The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 especially have been reported to play prominent role in proliferation, metastasis, and prognosis of several cancers, including breast, ovarian, kidney, prostate, brain, and lung cancers. However, reports about the relationship between CXCL12/CXCR4 expression and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are rare. This retrospective study is to investigate the expression of CXCL12/CXCR4 and explore its correlation to prognosis and clinicopathological factors of ESCC. Methods: The relationship between CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression and clinicopathological factors including prognosis in surgical specimens of primary tumors in 77 patients with ESCC was investigated immunohistochemically. All patients had R0 or R1 resection without any preoperative treatment from 1997 to 2007. We evaluated the intensity of the stain in 3 grades (0: negative, 1: weak, 2: strong), and the proportion of stained cancer cells in 4 high power fields in 4 grades (0: 0∼10%, 1: 10∼40%, 2: 40∼70%, 3: 70∼100%). The CXCL12/CXCR4 expression score was defined as the product of the intensity score by proportion score, and the positive expression was defined as ESCC of which expression score is 1 or over. Results: The positive expression rate of CXCL12 was 77% and that of CXCR4 was 57%. The expression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 had no correlation. The disease free survival rate was significantly lower in patients with positive CXCL12 expression (p=0.037), and the overall survival rate was lower in Stage I/II patients with positive CXCL12 expression (p=0.50). The expression of CXCR4 had no correlation with clinicopathological variables and prognosis. Multivariable analysis showed that CXCL12 expression score was the independent risk factor for the recurrence of ESCC (p=0.013), as same as pathological N factor and venous invasion. Conclusion: This study indicated that positive CXCL12 expression was more related to the recurrence of ESCC, compared with CXCR4 expression. Evaluation of CXCL12 expression is useful for predicting prognosis in patients with ESCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 733. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-733
Effect of intravenous adenosine infusion on myocardial perfusion and function. Hemodynamic/angiographic and scintigraphic study.
Authors: J D Ogilby, A S Iskandrian, W J Untereker, J Heo, T N Nguyen, J Mercuro
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Myocardial perfusion imaging during adenosine-induced hyperemia with dipyridamole or adenosine is an accepted method to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) and risk assessment. The mechanism of perfusion abnormality may be caused by disparate flow responses or coronary steal. This study examined the relation between 201Tl perfusion pattern and hemodynamic/angiographic changes during intravenous adenosine infusion.Patients with suspected CAD underwent sequential hemodynamic, coronary arteriographic, and left ventriculographic studies simultaneously with 201Tl imaging during adenosine infusion (140 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for 6 minutes). There were 33 patients with CAD and 12 patients without CAD. The 201Tl images (using single-photon emission computed tomography) were abnormal in 31 patients with CAD (sensitivity, 94%) and normal in the patients without CAD (specificity, 100%). In patients with and without CAD, there were significant increases in heart rate and cardiac output (p less than 0.0001) and decreases in systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure (p less than 0.0001). There was a 77 +/- 38% increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in normal subjects and a 125 +/- 83% increase in patients with CAD (p = 0.02). ST segment depression was observed in 11 patients with CAD (33%). In CAD patients, there was no change in percent diameter or area stenosis measured quantitatively during adenosine infusion. In 15 patients, contrast left ventriculography was repeated during adenosine infusion. In these patients, 201Tl perfusion defects were seen in 31 of 75 segments (41%) whereas only six of 75 segments (8%) developed regional wall motion abnormality (p less than 0.001); the remaining segments showed either no change or improved function. The left ventricular ejection fraction did not change significantly (73% versus 75%).There is a disparity between the effects of adenosine on left ventricular perfusion and function; most patients with CAD have perfusion defects whereas the global and regional systolic function remains unchanged or improves. Diastolic left ventricular dysfunction is a probable mechanism of the increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.
Traumatic aortic injury score (TRAINS): an easy and simple score for early detection of traumatic aortic injuries in major trauma patients with associated blunt chest trauma
Authors: Victor X. Mosquera, Milagros Marini, Javier Muñiz, Vanesa Asorey-Veiga, Belen Adrio-Nazar, Ricardo Boix, José M. Lopez-Perez, Gonzalo Pradas-Montilla, José J. Cuenca
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)
Results of Specific Treatment of Miliary Tuberculosis in Children
Authors: Edith M. Lincoln, Fernand Hould
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

BEFORE antimicrobial therapy miliary tuberculosis was usually a fatal complication of primary tuberculosis. Cases of spontaneous recovery have been reported in children. Wallgren1 described 5 recoveries in 84 cases seen during a period of fifteen years. Engel2 saw 1 recovery in fifteen years in a large pediatric service.In the Chest Clinic of the Children's Medical Service of Bellevue Hospital 102 children with generalized miliary tuberculosis were seen between 1926 and June, 1944. Of these 102 children, seen during a period of more than seventeen years, 99 died within a year, and of these, 88 succumbed within three months of . . .
Clinical Trial Network Removes Barriers Common to Studies of Neurological Diseases
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Longevity After Aortic Root Replacement
Authors: Christian D. Etz, Felix F. Girrbach, Konstantin von Aspern, Roberto Battellini, Pascal Dohmen, Alexandro Hoyer, Maximilian Luehr, Martin Misfeld, Michael A. Borger, Friedrich W. Mohr
Journal: Circulation (2013)

The choice of the best conduit for root/ascending disease and its impact on longevity remain controversial in quinquagenarians.A total of 205 patients (men=155) between 50 and 60 years (mean, 55.7 ± 2.9 years) received either a stentless porcine xenoroot (n=78) or a mechanically valved composite prosthesis (n=127) between February 1998 and July 2011. Of these, 166 patients underwent root replacement for aneurysmal disease (porcine: 39% [n=65]; mechanical: 61% [n=101]; P=0.5), 25 for acute type A aortic dissection (porcine: 32% [n=8]; mechanical: 68% [n=17]; P=0.51), and 14 for endocarditis/iatrogenic injury involving the aortic root (6.4% [n=5] versus 7.1% [n=9]; P=1.0). The predominant aortic valve pathology was stenosis in 19% (n=38), regurgitation in 50% (n=102), combined valvular dysfunction in 26% (n=54), and normal aortic valve function in 5% (n=11). Concomitant procedures included coronary artery bypass grafting (13%), mitral valve repair (7%), and partial/complete arch replacement (12%/4%), with no significant differences between porcine and mechanical root replacement. Overall hospital mortality was 7.3%, with no difference between the 2 types of valve prostheses (7.7% for porcine and 7.1% for mechanical root replacement; P=1.0). Follow-up averaged 5.4 ± 3.7 years (1096 patient-years) and was 100% complete. Freedom from aorta-related reoperation at 12 years was not statistically different between the groups (porcine: 94.9% versus mechanical: 96.1%; P=0.73). Survival was equivalent between both groups, with a 5-year survival of 86 ± 3% (porcine: 88 ± 4%; mechanical: 85 ± 3%; P=0.96) and a 10-year survival of 76% (porcine: 80 ± 7%; mechanical: 75 ± 5%; P=0.84). The linearized mortality rate was 3.1%/patient-year (porcine: 2.9%/patient-year; mechanical: 3.2%/patient-year).In quinquagenerians, long-term survival after stentless porcine xenograft aortic root replacement is equivalent to that after a mechanical Bentall procedure. These results bring into question the predominance of mechanical composite conduits for root replacement in quinquagenerians, particularly in the current era of transcatheter valve-in-valve procedures for structural valve deterioration.
Physician Variation in Management of Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Karen E. Hoffman, Jiangong Niu, Yu Shen, Jing Jiang, John W. Davis, Jeri Kim, Deborah A. Kuban, George H. Perkins, Jay B. Shah, Grace L. Smith, Robert J. Volk, Thomas A. Buchholz, Sharon H. Giordano, Benjamin D. Smith
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Up-front treatment of older men with low-risk prostate cancer can cause morbidity without clear survival benefit; however, most such patients receive treatment instead of observation. The impact of physicians on the management approach is uncertain.To determine the impact of physicians on the management of low-risk prostate cancer with up-front treatment vs observation.Retrospective cohort of men 66 years and older with low-risk prostate cancer diagnosed from 2006 through 2009. Patient and tumor characteristics were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries. The diagnosing urologist, consulting radiation oncologist, cancer-directed therapy, and comorbid medical conditions were determined from linked Medicare claims. Physician characteristics were obtained from the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate management variation and factors associated with observation.No cancer-directed therapy within 12 months of diagnosis (observation).A total of 2145 urologists diagnosed low-risk prostate cancer in 12,068 men, of whom 80.1% received treatment and 19.9% were observed. The case-adjusted rate of observation varied widely across urologists, ranging from 4.5% to 64.2% of patients. The diagnosing urologist accounted for 16.1% of the variation in up-front treatment vs observation, whereas patient and tumor characteristics accounted for 7.9% of this variation. After adjustment for patient and tumor characteristics, urologists who treat non-low-risk prostate cancer (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.71 [95% CI, 0.55-0.92]; P = .01) and graduated in earlier decades (P = .004) were less likely to manage low-risk disease with observation. Treated patients were more likely to undergo prostatectomy (aOR, 1.71 [95% CI, 1.45-2.01]; P < .001), cryotherapy (aOR, 28.2 [95% CI, 19.5-40.9]; P < .001), brachytherapy (aOR, 3.41 [95% CI, 2.96-3.93]; P < .001), or external-beam radiotherapy (aOR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.08-1.58]; P = .005) if their urologist billed for that treatment. Case-adjusted rates of observation also varied across consulting radiation oncologists, ranging from 2.2% to 46.8% of patients.Rates of management of low-risk prostate cancer with observation varied widely across urologists and radiation oncologists. Patients whose diagnosis was made by urologists who treated prostate cancer were more likely to receive up-front treatment and, when treated, more likely to receive a treatment that their urologist performed. Public reporting of physicians' cancer management profiles would enable informed selection of physicians to diagnose and manage prostate cancer.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Evidence Mandating Earlier and More Aggressive Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia”
Authors: Daniel Steinberg, Christopher K. Glass, Joseph L. Witztum
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Mandating Earlier and More Aggressive Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia"Drs Koh and Quon express their concerns about our review on aggressive treatment with statins. 1 They specifically express concern about the possible carcinogenic potential of statins.They cite the 2007 metaanalysis of 23 statin trials by Alsheikh-Ali et al, 2 which reported that within the statin-treated groups, those with the lowest absolute on-treatment low-density lipoprotein (LDL) values had a higher incidence of cancers during the course of the study.They do not cite the follow-up article, 3 however, in which the authors retract their earlier suggestion that the statins might have caused cancer.They went back and analyzed data in the untreated control groups and found that there was a higher incidence of cancer in those with the lowest LDL levels.The follow-up article concludes that the statin treatment had nothing to do with the higher incidence of cancer in those patients with low on-treatment LDL levels.What Alsheikh-Ali et al were observing was what Rose and Shipley many years ago called the "unsuspected illness phenomenon," ie, that populations with very low LDL levels include more persons with subclinical cancer or other illnesses, such as cirrhosis, that lower LDL levels. 4It is the unsuspected cancer that causes the low LDL, not the other way around.An editorial comment 5 accompanying the 2008 paper concludes, "Neither statin treatment nor the low LDL levels induced by statins increase the risk of cancer" (p 1149).Drs Koh and Quon also cite the Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis (SEAS) trial, in which 1873 subjects treated with the combination of simvastatin and ezetimibe appeared to have had a higher incidence of cancer. 6However, in the same issue of the New England Journal of Medicine is a report on a much larger cohort of subjects-over 20 000 -treated with the same simvastatinezetimibe combination. 7Data from that much larger population show no difference in cancer incidence.In our opinion, there is at present no evidence that statins are carcinogenic.
Correction: Al-Anon for Associates of Alcoholics
Authors: HERBERT RAKATANSKY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1984Correction: Al-Anon for Associates of AlcoholicsHERBERT RAKATANSKY, M.D.HERBERT RAKATANSKY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-101-2-284_7 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the recent letter on co-alcoholism published in the June issue (1), I suggested that the behavioral and emotional problems characterizing this illness be treated by referral to Al-Anon and private counseling. However, the published letter read Alcoholics Anonymous, not Al-Anon. This editorial oversight, perhaps a result of the zeal to avoid abbreviations, reemphasizes the problem. The illness of co-alcoholism is seldom recognized by the patient or the physician and the available treatment, particularly Al-Anon, is not well known nor is its efficacy well appreciated.The alcoholic member of the family benefits from Alcoholics Anonymous. The equally...Reference1. RAKATANSKY H. Co-alcoholism [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:921. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1984Volume 101, Issue 2Page: 284-284KeywordsAlcoholicsEmotions Issue Published: 1 August 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A novel STAT3 inhibitor, S3I-201, attenuates renal interstitial fibroblast activation and interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy
Authors: Maoyin Pang, Li Ma, Rujun Gong, Evelyn Tolbert, Haiping Mao, Murugavel Ponnusamy, Y Eugene Chin, Haidong Yan, Lance D. Dworkin, Shougang Zhuang
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
Disseminated bacille Calmette-Guerin infection in two patients with CD8+ T-cell lymphopenia
Authors: G. Camuset, N. Lefebvre, D. Christmann, E. Forestier, B. Faure, J. Boileau, M. P. Chenard, Y. Hansmann
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

To the Editors: 

Intravesical bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) therapy is an effective treatment for high-risk superficial bladder cancer. A nonspecific immune response is expected after instillation of BCG, an alive but attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis . Disseminated BCG disease is a rare but well known complication of this therapy. It occurs in approximately 1% of cases 1. Severe complications could occur with hepatitis and pneumonitis but bone marrow involvement is exceptional. There are limited data on factors associated with the risk of BCG infection. The role of CD4+ T-cells in controlling mycobacteria infection is well established and the susceptibility of HIV-infected individuals for tuberculosis is an argument for this 2. Nevertheless, CD8+ T-cells play a significant role in this control, in particular secreting interferon (IFN)-γ and killing infected cells given their cytotoxic potential 3. Furthermore, experimental studies have shown that CD8+ T-cells play an important role in the early control of mycobacteria infection in older mice 4, suggesting that this may be occurring in elderly people. The present study describes two disseminated BCG infections, including bone marrow involvement, in elderly patients. Severe CD8+ T-cell depletion was found in the two patients, which illustrates the importance of CD8+ T-cells in the early control of mycobacterial infection in humans.

The first patient was a 74-yr-old male, admitted in our department for fever and chills. He had concomitant weight loss of 6 kg and intense fatigue over the last 15 days. 3 months earlier he had undergone a trans-urethral resection for superficial bladder cancer. Treatment was completed by weekly instillation of BCG. A few days after the second instillation, the patient noted gradual onset of fever. 3 weeks after the onset of fever, he was referred to our hospital. Clinical examination gave no conclusive results but the biological results showed elevated C-reactive protein …
Tezosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, limits liver injury in endotoxin challenged cirrhotic rats
Authors: W Urbanowicz
Journal: Gut (2004)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces liver injury which is associated with upregulated endothelin (ET)-1 production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tezosentan, a non-selective ETA and ETB receptor antagonist, in LPS challenged rats with cirrhosis.Rats with cirrhosis received LPS and then tezosentan or placebo one hour later. Four hours after LPS administration, rats were killed to measure serum transaminase activity and plasma tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) levels. Hepatic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), myeloperoxidase (MPO), a marker of neutrophil infiltration, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression were also measured.LPS administration significantly decreased arterial pressure and significantly increased plasma endothelin levels. Following LPS and tezosentan administration, serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were similar to those in the control group while they were increased by more than 700% with LPS alone. Plasma TNF-alpha levels were significantly lower in rats receiving LPS and tezosentan (182 (38) pg/ml) compared with those receiving LPS alone (821 (212) pg/ml). Tezosentan significantly decreased hepatic MPO activity and hepatic neutrophils but had no effect on LPS induced iNOS or COX-2. Survival rate was significantly higher in rats receiving LPS plus tezosentan (80%) than in rats receiving LPS alone (50%).In LPS challenged cirrhotic rats, tezosentan administration prevents LPS induced liver injury by decreasing intrahepatic neutrophil infiltration. In addition, tezosentan increases survival in these rats.
Serum interleukin-8 level is a more sensitive marker than serum interleukin-6 level in monitoring the disease activity of oral lichen planus
Authors: A. Sun, J.T. Wang, J.S. Chia, C.P. Chiang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease. Interleukin (IL)-8 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine of host response to injury and inflammation.To investigate whether serum IL-8 level was a more sensitive marker than serum IL-6 level in monitoring the disease activity of OLP and to assess whether IL-8 was a useful serum marker in evaluating the therapeutic effects of levamisole on OLP patients.In this study, we used a solid phase, two-site sequential chemiluminescent immunometric assay to determine the baseline serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in 158 patients with OLP, nine patients with traumatic ulcers (TU) and 54 normal control subjects. Some OLP patients with the serum IL-6 or IL-8 levels higher than the upper limit of normal serum concentration were treated with levamisole for 0.5-6.0 months and their serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured after treatment.We found that 28% (44 of 158) OLP, 28% (40 of 142) erosive OLP (EOLP), and 25% (four of 16) nonerosive OLP (NEOLP) patients had a serum IL-6 level greater than the upper normal limit of 4.7 pg mL(-1). In contrast, 63% (99 of 158) OLP, 63% (90 of 142) EOLP and 56% (nine of 16) NEOLP patients had a serum IL-8 level greater than the upper normal limit of 8.7 pg mL(-1). In some OLP patients with the serum IL-6 or IL-8 levels higher than the upper limit of normal serum concentration, treatment with levamisole for a period of 0.5-6.0 months could significantly reduce the mean serum IL-6 level from 14.3 +/- 1.9 pg mL(-1) to 3.2 +/- 0.6 pg mL(-1) (P < 0.001) and could significantly reduce the mean serum IL-8 level from 95.8 +/- 17.1 pg mL(-1) to 14.8 +/- 5.8 pg mL(-1) (P < 0.001).Because measurement of the serum IL-8 level can detect more OLP patients with an abnormal serum level than measurement of the serum IL-6 level (63% vs. 28%), we conclude that serum IL-8 level is a more sensitive marker than serum IL-6 level in monitoring the disease activity of OLP. Levamisole can modulate both the serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels in OLP patients. IL-8, like IL-6, is also a useful serum marker in evaluating the therapeutic effects of levamisole on OLP patients.