tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Professionalism and Caring for Medicaid Patients — The 5% Commitment?
Authors: Lawrence P. Casalino
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Interview with Prof. Sara Rosenbaum on the health care safety net, Medicaid expansion, and access to care. (16:47)Download Refusing to care for poor, vulnerable patients seems incompatible with the core professional principle that physicians should put the patient's interest first. Could we ask all physicians to commit to including at least 5% Medicaid enrollees among their patients?
A QUANTITATIVE PROGRAM FOR GATED BLOOD POOL SPECT IMAGING
Authors: M. W. Groch, D J. Schippers, R. C. Marshall, C. A. Burnett, E. L. Lands
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Groch, M. W.; Schippers, D J.; Marshall, R. C.; Burnett, C. A.; Lands, E. L. Author Information
Role of adhesive proteins in platelet tumor interaction in vitro and metastasis formation in vivo.
Authors: S Karpatkin, E Pearlstein, C Ambrogio, B S Coller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Platelet-adhesive protein-tumor cell interaction was studied in vitro and in vivo. Monoclonal antibody 10E5, which inhibits binding of fibronectin and von Willebrand factor to the platelet membrane glycoprotein GPIIb-GPIIIa complex, inhibited the binding of mouse CT26 and human HCT8 colon carcinoma cells to platelets by 63-65%, whereas an irrelevant monoclonal antibody, 3B2, had no effect. Monoclonal antibody 6D1, which inhibits binding of von Willebrand factor to GPIb, also had no effect. RGDS, a tetrapeptide that represents the adhesive domain of fibronectin and von Willebrand factor inhibited binding of the tumors to platelets by 64-69%. Monospecific polyclonal antifibronectin antibody inhibited binding by 60-82%; anti-von Willebrand factor antibody inhibited binding by 75-81%. In vivo, polyclonal monospecific anti-mouse von Willebrand factor antibody inhibited pulmonary metastases induced by CT26 tumor cells by 53-64%, B16a amelanotic melanoma cells by 45% and T241 Lewis bladder cells by 46% without induction of thrombocytopenia. Pulmonary metastases with CT26 cells could be inhibited by induction of thrombocytopenia, and reconstituted by infusion of either murine or human platelets. Reconstitution of pulmonary metastases with human platelets could be inhibited 77% by preincubation of human platelets with monoclonal antibody 10E5 before infusion of platelets into mice. Thus, platelets appear to contribute to metastases by their adhesive interaction with tumor cells via the adhesive proteins fibronectin and von Willebrand factor.
Estradiol-dependent uterine leiomyomas in transgenic mice.
Authors: B Romagnolo, T Molina, G Leroy, C Blin, A Porteux, M Thomasset, A Vandewalle, A Kahn, C Perret
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Uterine leiomyomas are a major health problem for women of reproductive age. The molecular biology of these tumors is poorly understood partly because of the lack of relevant animal models. We have produced transgenic mice expressing the simian virus 40 T antigen driven by the promoter of the Calbindin-D9K (CaBP9K) gene and either -1,000 or -117 bp of regulatory sequences so as to establish in vivo, uterine smooth muscle tumor models. Six transgenic mouse lines were obtained. Leiomyomas developed in all of them, with an almost complete penetrance of the phenotype. The smooth muscle tumors arose in different parts of the female reproductive tract. Leiomyomas usually developed in the corpus of the uterus, but one mouse line developed leiomyomas in the horn of the uterus, and another in the vagina. The CaBP9K regulatory sequences directing the expression of the Tag gene possess an estradiol responsive element, and accordingly, development of the tumors was strictly under the control of estrogen. Expression of the Tag gene is not only necessary for the initiation of the tumor but also for its development and maintenance. These transgenic mouse models should be useful for studying the pathobiology of uterine leiomyomas and could be instrumental in designing new therapeutic approaches to this disease.
The development of MDA-7/IL-24 as a cancer therapeutic
Authors: Paul Dent, Adly Yacoub, Hossein A. Hamed, Margaret A. Park, Rupesh Dash, Sujit K. Bhutia, Devanand Sarkar, Xiang-Yang Wang, Pankaj Gupta, Luni Emdad, Irina V. Lebedeva, Moira Sauane, Zhao-zhong Su, Mohamed Rahmani, William C. Broaddus, Harold F. Young, Maciej S. Lesniak, Steven Grant, David T. Curiel, Paul B. Fisher
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2010)
Myocardial Injury in Critically III Patients
Authors: Stephen R. Beck
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Two points of concern in the article by Dr Guest and colleagues<sup>1</sup>on detecting myocardial injury in critically ill patients using cardiac troponin I raise doubts about the usefulness of this study. First, in the "Methods" section the authors state, "Patients who met criteria for cardiac injury based on cardiac troponin I levels who were not diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction by the ICU [intensive care unit] team were classified as having unrecognized myocardial injury. Diagnoses of acute infarction made by the ICU team that were not confirmed by elevated levels of cardiac troponin I were considered false-positive diagnoses." This operational definition of myocardial injury implies two conclusions: that cardiac troponin I is 100% sensitive and 100% specific and/or that clinicians at the institution have difficulty diagnosing myocardial infarction using currently established tools (by diagnosing myocardial infarction in four patients in whom cardiac troponin I was
Volume and Composition of Human Intestinal Gas Determined by Means of an Intestinal Washout Technic
Authors: Michael D. Levitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

The volume and composition of intestinal gas of 11 normal subjects was studied by means of a technic in which an intestinal infusion of argon was used to wash out gases present in the bowel. These studies indicated that the bowel normally contains relatively small quantities of gas ranging from 30 ml to 200 ml. The composition of this gas was highly variable although N2 was usually the predominant gas whereas O2 was present in concentrations of less than 2 per cent. Gases produced within the bowel (CO2, H2 and CH4) accounted for most of the gas of three subjects. Intestinal bacteria directly influence the composition of intestinal gas through their production of H2, CH4 and CO2 and utilization of O2 and, by reducing the luminal PN2, indirectly influence the N2 content of the bowel.
Burkitt cell leukemia with abnormality of chromosome no. 1
Authors: H. D. Solomons, B. Mendelow, A. Levinstein, A. E. Johnson, R. Bernstein
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1983)

Abstract A case of L 3 (Burkitt cell) leukemia with chromosome 1 abnormality but no detectable abnormalities of chromosomes 8 or 14 is reported. This is the first time that L 3 leukemia has been shown to be associated with a primary abnormality of chromosome 1. The implications of these findings relative to the development of B‐cell ALL and the role of chromosome 1 in human neoplasia is discussed.
General practice at night
Authors: I. Heath
Journal: BMJ (1995)

adding albumin, which has an excellent safety record, does not alter this).But recombinant factor VIII costs 45p per unit compared with 25p for high purity and 18p for intermediate purity factor VIII.The NHS struggles to pay for the high purity concentrate and is unlikely to pay for recombinant factor VIII.In the meantime, the spectre of unknown virus remains, and those who can pay for purity and safety are right to do so.7
Immune reactions in skin and hair follicle gene therapy
Authors: Robert M Hoffman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

An immunological response to non-native proteins is a problem that must be overcome for successful gene therapy. A study by Ghazizadeh et al. in this issue of Molecular Therapy describes the immune response to retrovirus-mediated lacZ gene transfer to the skin1. The study shows that both CD4 and CD8 immune responses need to be eliminated to permit persistent expression of this transgene. The investigators use of transgenic mice lacking both CD4 and CD8 function was critical for this study.
Topical betamethasone-17-valerate inhibits heat-induced vasodilatation in man
Authors: A. AHLUWALIA, R.J. FLOWER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Topical betamethasone‐17‐valerate inhibits heat‐induced vasodilatation in man Get access A. AHLUWALIA, A. AHLUWALIA Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, Charterhouse Square, London ECIM 6BQ, U.K. Dr A. Ahluwalia. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J. FLOWER R.J. FLOWER Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, Charterhouse Square, London ECIM 6BQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 1, 1 January 1993, Pages 45–48, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00146.x Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Accepted: 11 August 1992 Published: 01 January 1993
Synergism between narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy and etanercept for the treatment of plaque-type psoriasis
Authors: P.G. Calzavara-Pinton, R. Sala, M. Arisi, M.T. Rossi, M. Venturini, B. Ortel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Previous investigations have demonstrated that a combination of etanercept (ETN) and narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy is more effective than ETN alone. However, it is unclear if this combination is more effective than NB-UVB phototherapy alone.To evaluate whether the combination of NB-UVB phototherapy with ETN improves the efficacy of ETN alone in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.We enrolled 322 consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe plaque-type psoriasis, who were treated with NB-UVB phototherapy as the first-line treatment option. Patients who did not achieve a 75% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 75) were treated with conventional systemic therapies for psoriasis. If they were ineligible for these, they were treated with ETN 50 mg twice weekly. If they did not achieve PASI 75 within 12 weeks, NB-UVB phototherapy was added.PASI 75 was achieved in 262 patients (81.4%) treated with NB-UVB phototherapy. Sixteen patients (5.0%) dropped out for personal reasons and 24 (7.5%) were treated with at least one of the conventional systemic treatments for psoriasis. Twenty patients (6.2%) were treated with ETN. The combination regimen was needed in eight patients (2.5%) with poor response to both phototherapy and ETN alone. All of these patients achieved PASI 75 and three of them had a complete remission after 14.6 ± 3.3 NB-UVB exposures. The combined treatment was well tolerated without acute adverse events. Unfortunately, all of these patients relapsed, with PASI > 10 within 2.8 ± 1.7 months.The combined treatment has a synergistic effect for clearing plaque-type psoriasis previously unresponsive to ETN and NB-UVB phototherapy alone. The clearance rate is very high in a very short time without short-term adverse effects. However, concerns regarding potential cocarcinogenicity remain. Therefore the number of patients who require, and could benefit from, the combined treatment is likely to be small.
Effect of Cardiac Surgery Patient Characteristics on Patient Outcomes From 1981 Through 1995
Authors: Christi D. Warner, William S. Weintraub, Joseph M. Craver, Ellis L. Jones, John Parker Gott, Robert A. Guyton
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Previous studies have demonstrated increased risk in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), but the effect of this increasing risk on outcomes has not been well documented. The purposes of this study were (1) to evaluate patients who had CABG from 1993 to 1995 (group III) and compare them with patients from 1981 through 1987 (group I) and 1988 through 1992 (group II) to determine if the trend toward higher-risk patients continued and (2) to evaluate what effect risk had on in-hospital outcomes. Methods and Results Data were collected prospectively on patients undergoing CABG. Patients from the three time periods were compared by use of univariate and multivariate statistics. Risk models for mortality were developed by use of logistic regression. Significant changes were noted in the three time periods, with risk increasing over time. Increased risk was associated with increased mortality in group II, but mortality declined in group III despite the continued increase in patient risk. Group II had an increase in complications, with little change in group III. The actual mortality rate was lower than predicted in group III. Conclusions Patients undergoing CABG are increasingly high risk. In-hospital mortality rates declined during the period from 1993 through 1995 and were lower than predicted despite the increase in risk. This decreased mortality rate may reflect greater experience in providing care to high-risk patients and improved myocardial protection and surgical and anesthetic techniques. Although continued analysis of patient risk and benefit is needed, researchers must be cognizant of the rapid changes in technology and knowledge and should correlate changes in the process of care with outcomes.
Renal response to methoxamine in portal hypertensive rats: role of prostaglandins and nitric oxide
Authors: Joaquín García-Estañ, Noemí M. Atucha, Roberto J. Groszmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)

In the present study we have evaluated the role of nitric oxide and prostaglandins in the renal vascular response to a vasoconstrictor (methoxamine) and to endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasodilators.The experiments were performed in isolated and perfused kidneys of portal vein ligated and sham rats under various treatments.Baseline renal perfusion pressure was lower in the portal vein ligated than in the sham group (37.2 +/- 2.6 vs 48.4 +/- 2.5 mmHg). Indomethacin (10(-5)M) did not modify baseline renal perfusion pressure in any group, but the nitric oxide inhibitor N(W)-Nitro-L-Arginine (10(-4) M) increased it in both sham and portal vein ligated kidneys, but without abolishing the differences between them. The vasoconstrictor renal response to methoxamine was blunted in portal vein ligated rats compared to controls. Indomethacin did not modify this renal hyporesponsiveness, but N(W)-Nitro-L-Arginine completely abolished it. In another set of experiments, both acetylcholine and nitroprusside caused dose-dependent vasodilation in kidneys, preconstricted with methoxamine, from sham and portal vein ligated rats, and there were no significant differences between them. N(W)-Nitro-L-Arginine reduced acetylcholine-induced vasodilation and did not modify the vasodilation evoked by nitroprusside.These results indicate that the renal vasculature of portal vein ligated rats shows a basal reduction in perfusion resistance that is not related to nitric oxide or prostaglandins. However, increased nitric oxide production interferes with the effects of the alfa-agonist methoxamine. This suggests that nitric oxide plays an important role in the modulation of the renal vascular responses to vasoconstrictors in portal hypertension.
Interferon- release assays for diagnosis of active pleural tuberculosis: a developing world perspective
Authors: C. Lange, M. Sester, G. Sotgiu, C. Giehl, E. Girardi, A. Bossink, K. Dheda, R. Diel, J. Dominguez, M. Lipman, G. B. Migliori, J. Nemeth, P. Ravn, S. Winkler, E. Huitric, A. Sandgren, D. Manissero
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

We thank K. Shah and Z. Udwadia for their comment on the joint systematic review and meta-analysis of the role of interferon-c release assays (IGRAs) for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) by the Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [1].It was demonstrated that immunodiagnosis by tuberculin skin testing and conventional IGRAs performed on cells from the peripheral blood, i.e. the QuantiFERON1-TB Gold In-Tube (Cellestis, Carnegie, Victoria, Australia) and the T-SPOT1.TB (Oxford Immunotec, Abingdon, UK) assays, has a limited role in the diagnosis of active TB.Although the sensitivities of both IGRAs in detecting active TB are higher than that of the tuberculin skin test, their sensitivities are not high enough to be used as rule-out tests for TB and their specificities are insufficient to distinguish active TB from latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Bearing Witness — Sontag and the Body
Authors: Rita Charon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

It is the rare book in social medicine that does not cite Susan Sontag's opening sentence in Illness as Metaphor: “Illness is the night-side of life, a more onerous citizenship.”1 The recent death of this literary scholar, novelist, and cultural critic from myelodysplastic syndrome is a profound loss for the intellectual and clinical study of medicine. Sontag's enduring interest in the capacity of language to shape experience led her, in such works as Illness as Metaphor (1978) and AIDS and Its Metaphors (1989), to recognize that illness and the representation of it are always colored by culture or tainted . . .
Influence of lung volume in sleep apnoea.
Authors: F Series, Y Cormier, N Lampron, J La Forge
Journal: Thorax (1989)

The influence of a constant increase in functional residual capacity on apnoea characteristics was studied in patients with the sleep apnoea syndrome. Pulmonary inflation was achieved by applying a continuous negative extrathoracic pressure into a Poncho type respirator. Nine patients slept in the Poncho for two consecutive nights, negative extrathoracic pressure being applied during the second night. There was no difference in the total sleep time, its composition within the different sleep stages, the apnoea and apnoea-hypopnoea indices, or the sleep time spent in apnoea between the two nights. The mean (SD) apnoea duration increased with negative extrathoracic pressure from 25.3 (2) to 30.5 (3) seconds (p = 0.003) and time spent in obstructive apnoea (percentage of apnoea time) from 56 (13) to 75 (8) (p = 0.02). The mixed apnoea time (%) decreased from 37 (7) to 21 (7) (p = 0.02). Despite the increase in apnoea duration, less time was spent below each oxygen saturation value during negative extrathoracic pressure. The results were similar for apnoeic episodes during non-REM (non-rapid eye movement) sleep, whereas no significant modifications were seen during REM sleep. It is concluded that the composition of apnoea time and resulting oxygen desaturation are influenced by lung volume.
Patients' bill of rights passes first US hurdle
Authors: J. Ciment
Journal: BMJ (1999)

In a victory for President Clinton, the US House of Representatives voted overwhelmingly to approve new rights for patients to take action against their healthcare insurers and health maintenance organisations. The most controversial part of the bill would allow patients to sue these bodies if they are denied the medical care they need.

The bill, which was jointly sponsored by Georgian Republican Charles Norwood, a …
Clara Cell Secretory Protein Oxidation and Expression in Premature Infants Who Develop Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: PATRICIA L. RAMSAY, FRANCESCO J. DeMAYO, SUZANNE E. HEGEMIER, MARY E. WEARDEN, CHARLES V. SMITH, STEPHEN E. WELTY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that affects prematurely born infants and appears to evolve in part from early inflammatory responses in the lung. The inflammatory responses have been associated with protein and lipid oxidation in tracheal aspirate fluids. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that in the first week of life specific oxidations and/ or altered expressions of proteins would be observed in tracheal aspirate fluids in infants who would subsequently develop BPD. We obtained tracheal aspirate fluids on Days of life 1, 3, and 6 from infants born at ⩽ 29 wk gestation, incubated the fluids with 2,4-dinitrophenylhyrazine (DNPH), separated the proteins electrophoretically, and assessed DNPH reactivity by immunonblots. DNPH reactivity of a protein that was identified as Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) was observed more consistently in tracheal aspirate fluids from infants who later developed BPD than from infants who did not develop BPD. Tracheal aspirate fluid levels of immunoreactive CCSP were also lower on Day of life 1 in infants who developed BPD than in those who did not develop BPD. Increased CCSP oxidation and decreased immunoreactive CCSP expression in infants who subsequently developed BPD suggest that Clara cell function and CCSP expression may be critical for normal bronchoalveolar fluid homeostasis and that maintaining CCSP expression and function may be useful goals for targeted therapies for inhibition of the development of BPD.
Abstract IA4: Linking RNA to human health and disease
Authors: Moran Cabili, Eric Lander, Pardis Sabeti, Aviv Regev, John L. Rinn, John L. Rinn, John L. Rinn, Cole Trapnell, Cole Trapnell, Loyal Goff, Loyal Goff, Kate Broadbent, Kate Broadbent, Mitchell Guttman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract In the 50 years since RNA was identified as a central component in the flow of genetic information, it has become increasingly clear that RNA is more than a mere messenger and instead performs vast and diverse functions. Numerous studies have revealed that the mammalian genome is pervasively transcribed, giving rise to many thousands of non-coding transcripts including a class of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs). Raising the question of what do lincRNAs do? To address this question we have developed a ‘guilt by association’ to ‘predict’ lincRNA functions leading to hypothesis driven experimentation. Our guilt by association method pointed to a clear connection of lincRNAs and numerous cellular pathways ranging from pluripotency, cancer, adipogenesis to parasitology. Experimental perturbation experiments have unraveled a myriad of functional roles for lincRNAs in these pathways. Together, these results point to key regulatory roles for lincRNAs across diverse biological pathways and diseases, with a common theme of interfacing with and modulating protein regulatory complexes. Citation Format: Moran Cabili, Eric Lander, Pardis Sabeti, Aviv Regev, John L. Rinn, Cole Trapnell, Loyal Goff, Kate Broadbent, Mitchell Guttman. Linking RNA to human health and disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA4.
Comparative electrophysiologic effects of intravenous and oral procainamide in patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Francis E. Marchlinski, Alfred E. Buxton, Joseph A. Vassallo, Harvey L. Waxman, Dennis M. Cassidy, John U. Doherty, Mark E. Josephson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1984)