tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eradication of epstein–barr virus episome and associated inhibition of infected tumor cell growth by adenovirus vector-mediated transduction of dominant-negative EBNA1
Authors: Md. Nasimuzzaman, Masayuki Kuroda, Sumitaka Dohno, Takenobu Yamamoto, Keiji Iwatsuki, Shigenobu Matsuzaki, Rashel Mohammad, Wakako Kumita, Hiroyuki Mizuguchi, Takao Hayakawa, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Takahiro Taguchi, Hiroshi Wakiguchi, Shosuke Imai
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), a latent viral protein consistently expressed in infected proliferating cells, is essentially required in trans to maintain EBV episomes in cells. We constructed a mutant (mt) EBNA1 and examined whether it exerted dominant-negative effects on maintenance of the viral episome thereby leading to abrogation of EBV-infected tumor cell growth. Using lymphocyte and epithelial cell lines converted with neomycin-resistant recombinant EBV (rEBV) as models, adenovirus vector-mediated transduction of mtEBNA1, but not LacZ, brought about rapid and striking reductions in rEBV-derived wild-type EBNA1 levels and viral genomic loads in converted lines of three major viral latencies. This outcome was further validated at the single-cell level by cellular loss of G418 resistance and viral signals in situ. The mtEBNA1 transduction significantly impaired growth of naturally EBV-harboring Burkitt lymphoma cells in vitro and in vivo, largely in association with the eradication of viral episomes. Expression of mtEBNA1 per se caused no detectable cytotoxicity in EBV-uninfected cells. These results indicate that mtEBNA1 can act as a dominant-negative effector that efficiently impedes the EBV-dependent malignant phenotypes in cells regardless of viral latency or tissue origin. The mutant will afford an additional therapeutic strategy specifically targeting EBV-associated malignancies.
ASSOCIATION OF MRP-8/14 LEVELS AND FUTURE CORONARY EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE CAD
Authors: Thomas F.X. O'Donnell, David A. Morrow, Michelle O'Donoghue, Petr Jarolim, Sarah Sloan, Daniel I. Simon, Peter Libby, Marc S. Sabatine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
743. Lentiviral Vector Gene Transfer in Monkeys: In Vivo. Detection of Gene Expression Longitudinally Using MicroPET and Optical Imaging
Authors: Alice F. Tarantal, Chang I. Lee, Daniel F. Jimenez, Sanjiv S. Gambhir, Donald B. Kohn, John J. Rossi, Simon R. Cherry
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
Fetal intraperitoneal (IP) administration of HIV-1-derived lentiviral vectors (HIV/VSV-G/CMV/EGFP; 107 infectious particles/fetus) have consistently resulted in high levels of transduction and gene expression postnatally and for up to three years post-gene transfer in the omentum, peritoneum, and diaphragm when assessed by quantitative PCR and whole tissue fluorescence. Our objective was to develop in vivo imaging techniques that would allow us to monitor gene expression noninvasively and over time. In one series of studies, we explored the potential for imaging gravid long-tailed macaques with fetuses that were administered the VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1-derived lentiviral vector expressing a mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-1 sr39tk) and firefly luciferase under the control of the CMV promoter IP in the first trimester. Fetuses were monitored sonographically during gestation to assess growth and development. Twice during the second and third trimesters 300-400 |[mu]|Ci F18-FHBG was injected into the fetal circulation under direct ultrasound guidance in preparation for maternal scanning in 3-D mode using a microPET 4 (CTI Concorde Microsystems). Images were reconstructed using an iterative MAP reconstruction algorithm. All newborns were delivered at term by cesarean-section and raised in the nursery for postnatal studies. Blood samples were collected for complete blood counts and chemistry panels monthly thereafter, and no adverse effects have been detected, to date. Beginning at two months postnatal age, animals were administered 650 |[mu]|Ci F18-FHBG and biodistribution assessed by microPET. In vivo optical imaging for firefly luciferase expression was also performed after injection of D-Luciferin using a Xenogen IVIS Imaging System with Living Image Software analysis. Under all imaging conditions gene expression was observed in the abdominal cavity, and closely paralleled findings in our prior studies using whole tissue fluorescence. These investigations have shown that HSV-1 sr39tk and firefly luciferase can be used to detect transgene expression longitudinally in fetal and infant monkeys in vivo, and without evidence of adverse effects.
Letter to the Editor in reply to ‘Pulmonary vascular volumes and airways obstruction in SCD patients’
Authors: Suzanne Crowley, Rifat A Chaudry, Mark Rosenthal, Andrew Bush
Journal: Thorax (2014)

We thank Professor Greenough and Dr Lunt for their interest 1 in our manuscript, 2 and for the suggestion that changes in pulmonary vascular volumes may lead to airflow obstruction.In this group of sickle cell diseased (SCD) children and controls, we used carbon monoxide transfer (DL CO ) related to pulmonary blood flow (Qpeff ) at rest and on exercise as a surrogate for pulmonary capillary blood volume. 3DL CO corrected for haemoglobin and surface area was significantly higher in SCD at rest, but only by about 10%, while Qpeff was 15-20% higher.DL CO :Qpeff, therefore, was significantly lower in SCD at rest and remained so at all exercise stages, thus implying lack of normal recruitment and distension of the pulmonary microcirculation, and suggesting that at rest at least, the microvasculature is unlikely to be contributing to airflow obstruction, a result which contrasts with their findings. 4his discrepancy is unexplained.In the meantime, we agree that further mechanistic research is needed to try to understand why airflow obstruction develops and how it contributes to the pathophysiology of lung disease in these children.
Respiratory Failure in Neuromuscular Disease
Authors: Walter J. O'Donohue
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Patients with neuromuscular disease frequently experience acute respiratory failure. Most require endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation because of paralysis and inability to maintain adequate spontaneous respiration. The prognosis is usually excellent if ventilatory management is successful. (<i>JAMA</i>235:733-735, 1976)
Scabies and D.D.T
Authors: F. F. Hellier
Journal: BMJ (1945)

JOURNAL 25 45 mg. per 100 c.cm.; Wassermann reaction negative.Recovery from the facial palsy was rapid, being complete within a month.In the arms it was slower, but tendon reflexes were present in three weeks and normal in four.The legs were slowest of all, and convalescence was attended by much aching in the feet.After nine weeks the lower-limb reflexes could be obtained, with the exception of the left ankle-jerk.By 11 weeks he was walking well with the aid of a stick, and shortly afterwards was transferred for rehabilitation.All tendon reflexes had returned by this time, but there was residual weakness of the glutei and calf muscles, with still a little pain in the feet.-DiscussionA description of this condition, with post-mortem findings, was
Reliability of Tuberculin Skin Test Measurement
Authors: Jacques Pouchot
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Important management decisions depend on results of the tuberculin skin test. However, the test is subject to several potential errors, and its reliability has not been adequately studied.To ascertain the reliability of tuberculin skin testing.Cross-sectional study.University hospital.96 persons who received a tuberculin skin test.Ballpoint-pen and palpation measures of induration.Global intra- and interobserver reliability coefficients of the ballpoint-pen technique were high. Five percent of the time, however, a second measurement by the same observer could be at least 2.7 mm less to 3.0 mm more than the first measurement and the measurement from the second observer could be at least 3.4 mm less to 3.7 mm more than the measurement from the first observer. This could lead to the reclassification of a positive test result as negative or vice versa. The area of imprecision was 38% less broad for the ballpoint-pen technique than for the palpation technique.Reading of tuberculin skin tests may frequently result in misclassifications when measurements are close to the cutoff point that separates negative from positive results.
Effects of Extended Outpatient Rehabilitation After Hip Fracture
Authors: Ellen F. Binder, Marybeth Brown, David R. Sinacore, Karen Steger-May, Kevin E. Yarasheski, Kenneth B. Schechtman
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Hip fractures are common in the elderly, and despite standard rehabilitation, many patients fail to regain their prefracture ambulatory or functional status.To determine whether extended outpatient rehabilitation that includes progressive resistance training improves physical function and reduces disability compared with low-intensity home exercise among physically frail elderly patients with hip fracture.Randomized controlled trial conducted between August 1998 and May 2003 among 90 community-dwelling women and men aged 65 years or older who had had surgical repair of a proximal femur fracture no more than 16 weeks prior and had completed standard physical therapy.Participants were randomly assigned to 6 months of either supervised physical therapy and exercise training (n = 46) or home exercise (control condition; n = 44).Primary outcome measures were total scores on a modified Physical Performance Test (PPT), the Functional Status Questionnaire physical function subscale (FSQ), and activities of daily living scales. Secondary outcome measures were standardized measures of skeletal muscle strength, gait, balance, quality of life, and body composition. Participants were evaluated at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.Changes over time in the PPT and FSQ scores favored the physical therapy group (P =.003 and P =.01, respectively). Mean change (SD) in PPT score for physical therapy was +6.5 (5.5) points (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6-8.3), and for the control condition was +2.5 (3.7) points (95% CI, 1.4-3.6 points). Mean change (SD) in FSQ score for physical therapy was +5.2 (5.4) points (95% CI, 3.5-6.9) and for the control condition was +2.9 (3.8) points (95% CI, 1.7-4.0). Physical therapy also had significantly greater improvements than the control condition in measures of muscle strength, walking speed, balance, and perceived health but not bone mineral density or fat-free mass.In community-dwelling frail elderly patients with hip fracture, 6 months of extended outpatient rehabilitation that includes progressive resistance training can improve physical function and quality of life and reduce disability compared with low-intensity home exercise.
Breast Carcinoma In Situ: Risk Factors and Screening Patterns
Authors: E. B. Claus, M. Stowe, D. Carter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2001)

Background: Risk factors associated with invasive breast cancer are well documented, but those associated with breast carcinoma in situ are not well defined. Methods: We conducted a population-based, case–control study among female residents of Connecticut to identify risk factors for breast carcinoma in situ. Case patients, diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n = 875) or lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) (n = 123), were matched by 5-year age groups with control subjects (n = 999). Case patients were diagnosed between September 15, 1994, through March 14, 1998, and all subjects were between the ages of 20 and 79 years. Information on risk factors and cancer-screening history was collected by telephone interviews. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios (ORs) for the association of these factors with the risk of DCIS and LCIS. Results: Case patients with DCIS were more likely than control subjects to report a family history of breast cancer (OR = 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19 to 1.85) or previous breast biopsy (OR = 3.56; 95% CI = 2.86 to 4.43). They also had fewer full-term pregnancies (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.80 to 0.93) and were older at first full-term pregnancy (OR for being 20–29 years old relative to being <20 years old = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.17 to 2.43) and at menopause (OR for being ≥55 years old relative to being <45 years old = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.77). DCIS case patients were more likely than control subjects to have had a mammographic examination (OR = 2.46; 95% CI = 1.78 to 3.40) or an annual clinical breast examination (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.48 to 2.26). DCIS patients and control subjects did not differ with respect to oral contraceptive use, hormone replacement therapy, alcohol consumption or smoking history, or breast self-examination. Associations for LCIS were similar. Conclusions: The risk factors associated with DCIS and LCIS are similar to those associated with invasive breast cancer. Diagnosis of DCIS is associated with increased mammography screening.
DIFFERENCES IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE MORTALITY RATES AMONG ASIAN AMERICAN SUBGROUPS: RESULTS FROM THE CAUSES STUDY (CAUSES OF ASIAN AMERICAN MORTALITY AS UNDERSTOOD BY SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS)
Authors: Powell Jose, Ariel Frank, Kristopher Kapphahn, Ben Goldstein, Mark Cullen, Latha Palaniappan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Novel Therapies for Septic Shock Over the Past 4 Decades
Authors: Anthony F. Suffredini, Robert S. Munford
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Infections that result in shock and organ failure are a major public health problem worldwide. Severe sepsis and septic shock affect patients of all ages and often complicate chronic diseases. They are the major causes of death in critical care units and contribute substantially to hospital inpatient costs. Translating the scientific advances of the last 4 decades into clinical practice has been challenging. Despite many attempts to develop new therapies, the basic elements of treatment have not changed since the 1960s. In this Grand Rounds, we summarize the results of the clinical trials conducted during the last 4 decades, discuss some lessons learned, and suggest possible directions for future investigation.
ETIOLOGY AND PROPHYLAXIS OF THE CARDIAC MANIFESTATIONS OF ARTICULAR RHEUMATISM.
Authors: JOSEPH M. PATTON
Journal: JAMA (1903)

The scope of this paper is limited to the consideration of two phases of rheumatic cardiopathies which, not-withstanding the relative frequent occurrence of these manifestations and their great importance because of their far-reaching effects, have, until a recent period, been almost as imperfectly determined in the one case and ineffectually managed in the other as when Pitcairn, in 1788, noticed the connection between rheumatism and pericarditis, a relation more fully explained by Dundas, Wells and Latham, or when Baillie and Kreisig observed the association of acute rheumatism and endocarditis, the definite connection of which was shown by Bouillaud, who also introduced the term endocarditis. <h3>RHEUMATISM AS A FACTOR IN HEART DISEASE.</h3> Among the extrinsic causes of diseases of the heart rheumatism has long held the most important position. It has gradually absorbed into its etiologic relations the so-called idiopathic inflammations of the pericardium and endocardium, and even certain myocardial conditions
John Reid plans to introduce "patient advisers" into GP surgeries
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The health secretary, John Reid, intends to set up teams of patient advisers, based in GP surgeries, to ensure that every patient–not just the better informed ones–are able to exercise choice in their treatment.

Although the exact details of the scheme have yet to be finalised, a Department of Health spokesperson said the advice could …
microRNA fingerprinting of CLL patients with chromosome 17p deletion identify a miR-21 score that stratifies early survival
Authors: Simona Rossi, Masayoshi Shimizu, Elisa Barbarotto, Milena S. Nicoloso, Federica Dimitri, Deepa Sampath, Muller Fabbri, Susan Lerner, Lynn L. Barron, Laura Z. Rassenti, Li Jiang, Lianchun Xiao, Jianhua Hu, Paola Secchiero, Giorgio Zauli, Stefano Volinia, Massimo Negrini, William Wierda, Thomas J. Kipps, William Plunkett, Kevin R. Coombes, Lynne V. Abruzzo, Michael J. Keating, George A. Calin
Journal: Blood (2010)
Reviews: Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires
Authors: David B. Schubot
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Medical Writings15 January 1997Reviews: Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and QuestionnairesDavid B. SchubotDavid B. SchubotSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-2-199701150-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail 2nd edition. McDowell I, Newell C. 523 pages. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 1996. $59.95. ISBN 0195103718. Order phone 800-451-7556.Field of medicine: Health measurement methods.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Clinical researchers and thoughtful practitioners in many medical disciplines.Purpose: To provide a guide to existing health measurement methods in many areas, including physical disability, psychological well-being, social health, depression, mental status, pain, and quality of life.Content: The authors follow a standard format for each health measurement reviewed: title, author, year, purpose, conceptual basis, description, reliability and validity, alternative measures, reference standards, commentary, and references.Highlights: Each chapter has ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1997Volume 126, Issue 2Page: 176KeywordsDisabilitiesHealth careQuality of lifeQuestionnairesReproducibility ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3944: Base excision repair and gene expression profiling in malignant melanoma
Authors: Katie A. Ashton, Nikola A. Bowden, Carla F. Kairupan, Kelly A. Avery-Kiejda, Xu Dong Zhang, Peter Hersey, Rodney J. Scott
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Melanoma is a potentially deadly skin tumour and its incidence continues to increase worldwide. Despite the many efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in melanoma development, these pathways still remain relatively unknown. For this reason, new methods are required to identify new biological targets implicated in melanoma. Our pilot study examined whole genome gene expression (Illumina Ref8 V2) in 82 melanoma samples and 8 control melanocyte cell lines. Gene transcripts with significantly altered expression (p&amp;lt;0.05) and greater than 2-fold change were identified for the melanomas compared to the melanocytes (GeneSpring GX V10), revealing a number of new targets not previously described in melanoma. Interestingly, a number of genes involved in the DNA repair, immune response and cell cycle arrest pathways were differentially expressed in the melanomas. With respect to the DNA repair pathways, we identified that key components of the base excision repair (BER) pathway were significantly altered in melanoma. Sequencing analysis confirmed several alterations in genes involved in the BER pathway and the frequency of these variants were further confirmed in an independent cohort of 105 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) melanoma patients. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that melanoma patients with sequence variants in the BER pathway had altered gene expression profiles compared to those melanoma patients with no known variants in this pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that the BER pathway may be implicated in the development of melanoma, which may lead to the introduction of mutation screening and gene expression profiling for the management of melanoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3944.
OBSERVATIONS ON EFFICIENCY OF COMMONLY USED HYPNOTICS
Authors: G. P. GRABFIELD
Journal: JAMA (1931)

In recent years, many new sleep-producing drugs have been put on the market. For many of these, special advantages have been claimed. Some are chemically new, whereas others are mixtures, and still others are slight chemical modifications of the older hypnotics. Some twelve or fifteen have found their way into the accepted lists of New and Nonofficial Remedies or into the Pharmacopeia.    The hypnotic practice in hospitals is extremely varied, and while standardization of therapy is often undesirable, it seemed illogical to substitute new drugs for tried hypnotics without careful trial to prove the superiority of the latter. At the suggestion of Prof. H. A. Christian, my associates and I undertook a comparison of the efficiency of commonly used hypnotic drugs.  It occurred to us that a rough index of efficiency might be obtained by prescribing half the amount of the recommended doses and noting the number of doses that
Management and Financing of Long-Term-Care Services
Authors: Hirsch S. Ruchlin, John N. Morris, Gerald M. Eggert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

A new approach is needed for organizing and financing the delivery of long-term services, which are defined as the full spectrum of medical, rehabilitative, and maintenance/custodial services required by disabled adults and the vulnerable elderly. In spite of sizable expenditures, past and present approaches for providing long-term care have been inadequate, as evidenced by a pervasive discontent with the facilities, services, and problem-solving mechanisms available for meeting the needs of such persons.1 2 3 4 5 In particular, there is discontent over the lack of alternative community-based services, over the inefficiency of available mechanisms for allocating services and housing resources, and over the high . . .
Severe hyperplastic tissue stenosis of a novel biodegradable esophageal stent and subsequent successful management with high-pressure balloon dilation
Authors: C. Hair, D. Devonshire
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 36-year-old man with chronic dysphagia secondary to achalasia (dysphagia grade 3) was referred for biodegradable stent placement after failed endoscopic management (high-pressure pneumatic balloon dilation, Rigiflex® [Microvasive Endoscopy, Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts], 30 mm, 20 psi). He had declined surgical management. Endoscopy was performed and a 10-cm biodegradable stent (BD ELLA®, Ella-CS, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic) was placed across the gastroesophageal junction ([Fig. 1]).