tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OBSERVATIONS ON THE CAUSE OF RICKETS
Authors: D. N. Paton, L. Findlay, A. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1918)

M IBAICAL 625 7 _9,8 invaded and replaced by an inflammatory fibrous tissue (Fig. 6,d) or new bone may develop in, the ankylosed cartilage and thus bring about osseous ankylosis.Osseous ankylosis takes places by the development of new bone either in ankylosed cartilage or in the fibrous tissae which lhas already produced fibrous ankylosis.Ankylosis may occur between the two zones of calci- fied cartilage, but this form of fusion shows a tendency to become replaced by one of true bone.Villous outgrowthls are found in some joints.These may be due to (a) overgrowth of normal villi; (b) inflammatory changes in the synovial membrane or in the capsule.Villous outgrowths in a joint may consist of (a) vas- cular fibrous tissue, (b) dense fibrous tissue, (c) fibrous tissue enclosing groups of fat cells, (d) inflammatory tissue with dilated, capillaries and groups of inflammatory cells, (e) degenerated or necrotic tissue, (f) connective tissue showing vessels deeply congested owing to obstructed circulation.Villous outgrowths may become detached by rupture of tlle fine pedicles, and so forin a loose body in the joint cavity.Tlle detaclhment may be preceded by necrosis.Microscopic villi formed of cartilage are occasionally found on the surface of altered articular cartilage.These may be formed of hyaline or fibro-cartilage.No constant clhanges are found after death in the organs or tissuies of patients wlho lhave suffered from rheumatoid arthritis.
Effect of adrenergic-blocking or -stimulating agents on plasma growth hormone, immunoreactive insulin, and blood free fatty acid levels in man
Authors: Hiroo Imura, Yuzuru Kato, Masaki Ikeda, Masachika Morimoto, Mikio Yawata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

In order to determine whether an adrenergic mechanism is involved in the secretion of growth hormone and insulin, the effect of adrenergic-blocking or -stimulating agents on plasma human growth hormone (HGH), immunoreactive insulin, blood free fatty acids (FFA), and glucose levels was studied in normal human subjects.
Reflex Cardiovascular Depression Produced By Stimulation Of Pulmonary Stretch Receptors In The Dog
Authors: Gerald Glick, Andrew S. Wechsler, Stephen E. Epstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

To study the possible reflex effects of stimulation of pulmonary stretch receptors on the cardiovascular system, experiments were designed that would allow separate assessment of the responses of the heart, the total peripheral vascular resistance, and the resistance of the innervated hindlimb that was perfused at a constant flow rate. In every experiment, inflation of the lungs to a positive pressure of 20 mm Hg produced significant negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. Heart rate fell an average of 22.3+/-3.8% (SEM) (P < 0.01), pressure recorded from within an isovolumic balloon in animals on total cardiopulmonary bypass fell an average of 14.3+/-4.6% (P < 0.05), dp/dt recorded from within the balloon declined an average of 31.4 +/- 6.0% (P < 0.01), and contractile force measured with a Walton-Brodie strain gauge arch fell an average of 18.6 +/-2.2% (P < 0.01). Similarly, a depressor response to inflation of the lungs was noted in the periphery as manifested by an average decrease in total peripheral vascular resistance of 21.9+/-2.5% in the animals on total cardiopulmonary bypass (P < 0.01), and by an average decrease in perfusion pressure in the isolated hindlimb of 26.0 +/-3.8% (P < 0.01). After bilateral cervical vagotomy, the cardiovascular responses to inflation of the lungs were either abolished or markedly lessened. Thus, sudden expansion of the lungs activates the afferent arm of a depressor reflex, which produces negative inotropic and chronotropic responses, in addition to arterial vasodilation. The receptors are sensitive to stretch and the afferent pathway runs predominantly in the vagus nerves.
795. RNA Interference of Influenza Virus Infection
Authors: Jianzhu Chen, Qing Ge, James Lu, Eisen N. Herman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Influenza A viruses cause epidemics and pandemics in both poultry and humans, inflicting enormous suffering and economical loss. Currently, two strategies, vaccines and small molecule therapeutics, are utilized to control the spread of influenza. Vaccination offers limited protection and requires accurate prediction of future circulating strains and production of sufficient quantities of vaccine for large populations in a short time. There are four antiviral drugs for treatment and/or prophylaxis of influenza.
Tissue Factor Overexpression in Rat Arterial Neointima Models Thrombosis and Progression of Advanced Atherosclerosis
Authors: David Hasenstab, Holly Lea, Charles E. Hart, Si Lok, Alexander W. Clowes
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Tissue factor located in the atherosclerotic plaque might cause the clinically significant thrombotic events associated with end-stage disease. It might also affect intimal area by increasing matrix accumulation and stimulating smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and proliferation. To test this hypothesis, we overexpressed tissue factor in a rat model of the human fibrous plaque. Methods and Results —A neointima was generated by seeding tissue factor–overexpressing rat SMCs onto the luminal surface of a balloon-injured syngeneic rat carotid artery. The cells attached and expressed tissue factor over the long term. Mural thrombus accumulation was present at 4 and 7 days and increased neointimal SMC numbers and area by 2-fold at 2 and 4 weeks. Tissue factor overexpression accelerated reendothelialization compared with controls at 2 weeks and 1 month. Tissue factor–overexpressing SMCs exhibited increased migration both in vitro and in vivo. The increased migration by tissue factor–overexpressing SMCs in vitro was not dependent on activation of the coagulation cascade and could be blocked by an inhibitor of tissue factor. Conclusions —These results suggest that tissue factor plays a direct role in neointimal development by coagulation-dependent and -independent pathways.
Willingness-to-pay and patient-defined benefits in the treatment of hyperhidrosis: results from the first German health services research study in hyperhidrosis
Authors: C. Müller, M. Augustin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Journal Article Willingness‐to‐pay and patient‐defined benefits in the treatment of hyperhidrosis: results from the first German health services research study in hyperhidrosis Get access C. Müller, C. Müller Riemser Arzneimittel AG, D‐17493 Greifswald, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Augustin M. Augustin CVderm – German Center for Health Services Research in Dermatology, Research Group Health Economics and Quality of Life Research, University Clinics of Hamburg, D‐20246 Hamburg, Germany E‐mail: cjmueller@gmx.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 168, Issue 2, 1 February 2013, Pages 448–450, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11150.x Published: 01 February 2013
Did prostaglandin E2 stimulate glucose absorption in rat intestine? Reply
Authors: S SOMASUNDARAM;
Journal: Gut (2000)

Editor,—I read with interest the recent paper by Schotka et al ( Gut 1999; 44 :490–496) which reported that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulated glucose absorption via the sodium dependent glucose transporter-1 in rat intestine.

The authors suggested that PGE2 raises sodium dependent glucose transporter (SGLT1) and thus increases glucose absorption. However, earlier papers contradicted this theory and we are now in a state of confusion. Kimberg and coworkers1 2 and Klaeveman and colleagues3 have suggested that prostaglandins increase membrane bound adenylate cyclase activity in the small intestinal mucosa, and thus inhibit Na+-K+-ATPase activity of gut mucosa.4 5 Recently, Sundaram and colleagues6 reported that inflamed ileums (excess prostaglandin) express low levels of SGLT1 in rabbits, which indicates that prostaglandin may inhibit SGLT1activity. Furthermore, a decrease in …
Non-invasive detection of gastro-oesophageal reflux using an ambulatory system.
Authors: N Washington, H A Moss, C Washington, J L Greaves, R J Steele, C G Wilson
Journal: Gut (1993)

The aim of this study was the separate measurement of reflux of food and acid into the oesophagus in 37 healthy, ambulant subjects. This was performed by radiolabelling the food and monitoring its reflux with a small directional gamma detector, which was placed externally over the oesophagus, and connected to an ambulatory data recorder. The pH was measured with a conventional oesophageal pH electrode. This method permitted the separate characterisation of acid and neutral (food) components of gastro-oesophageal reflux. The gastric emptying characteristics of the test meal were also monitored by gamma scintigraphy in a separate experiment. The oesophageal pH fell below 4 for 3.2 + 8.6/-2.3% (mean (SD)) of the recording time. Food reflux alone occurred for 17.8 + 53.2/-13.8% of the recording time. Simultaneous food and acid reflux occurred for only 0.95 + 5.2/-1.2% of the time. Not every reflux event detected by a fall in pH was seen as an increase in counts as a result of reflux of food, and vice versa. This poor correlation of food and acid reflux implies incomplete mixing of food and acid in the stomach, and further shows the inadequacy of reflux diagnosis methods that depend on pH detection alone.
seeing and talking: whorf wouldn't be satisfied
Authors: boris kotchoubey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

although steeles &amp; belpaeme's (s&amp;b) results may be useful for development of technical devices, their significance for behavioral sciences is very limited. this is because the question the authors asked was “why do people use similar words in a similar way?” rather than “how can similar words stand for similar experience?” the main problem is not shared word usage, but shared references.
Eponym's 's: Argyll Robinson, Not pseudo-Turner, Was e. e. cummings' endocrinologist
Authors: John A. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  As much as I respect Victor Vaughan 1 and his work at the National Board of Medical Examiners, as chairman of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology Part I (Psychiatry) Committee, I am obliged to disagree with his solution to the eponym ' s problem. Our committee has agreed that our examination should be as user friendly as possible; therefore, for example, we list both generic and trade names of pharmacological agents so that the examination tests knowledge rather than memorization.  In this spirit, we use the ' s when usage, pleasantness of sound, and common sense call for it and don't use the ' s when they don't. Thus, we specify Argyll Robertson pupil and Tay-Sachs disease but do not strain by using Hodgkin disease, Addison disease, and Marfan syndrome. I wish the world always had simple answers to vexing problems, but I do think practice has the
Organization Research on Health Institutions
Authors: Lawrenge L. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1972)

While the title of this book is misleading—the only "health institution" considered is the hospital—the subject matter is extremely important to the physician. The authors attempt a critical review of hospital organization and the current thinking concerned with the health care field. They consider the hospital as an organized problem-solving system and try to find a "model" to describe its control. Paradoxically, the high esteem enjoyed by the individual physician and the ugly caricaturization of physicians are both due to the physician's zeal and purblindness in care of patients. The hospital, at first an unwilling accomplice in the pursuit of scientific medicine, has become the "provider" of health care to the "community." Physicians, deeply immersed in practice, have been unable to see some not too subtle changes taking place in both rural and urban settings. Court decisions and political pressures have forced hospital boards and administrators to move in new
Intracellular calcium-mediated activation of hepatic Na+/H+ exchange by arginine vasopressin and phenylephrine
Authors: Sawkat M. Anwer, James M. Atkinson
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

The effect of Ca++ mobilizing agonists arginine vasopressin and phenylephrine on Na+/H+ exchange was studied in freshly isolated hepatocytes and isolated perfused rat livers. The activity of Na+/H+ exchange was determined from the rate of H+ efflux, 22Na uptake and pHi recovery. Arginine vasopressin and phenylephrine stimulated H+ efflux and 22Na uptake in isolated rat hepatocytes and increased the rate of pHi recovery from acid-loaded hepatocytes. These effects were inhibited by amiloride. Arginine vasopressin- and phenylephrine-induced increases in H+ efflux were also dependent on extracellular Na+. Arginine vasopressin- and phenylephrine-induced increases in intracellular Ca++ concentration, H+ efflux, 22Na uptake and intracellular pH recovery were decreased in hepatocytes preloaded with the Ca(++)-buffering agent [bis-(2-amino-5-methylphenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid] (MAPTA). Na+/H+ exchange-dependent intracellular pH recovery from cytosolic acidification was stimulated by thapsigargin, which increases intracellular calcium concentration by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum Ca++ ATPase. Arginine vasopressin- and phenylephrine-induced increases in intracellular pH recovery were not dependent on extracellular Ca++ and were inhibited by calmidazolium, a calmodulin inhibitor. Arginine vasopressin and phenylephrine also increased H+ efflux in the absence but not in the presence of amiloride in perfused rat livers without affecting biliary HCO3- excretion. These results indicate that arginine vasopressin and phenylephrine activate Na+/H+ exchange in rat hepatocytes, an effect mediated in part by intracellular Ca++ and calmodulin kinase. Furthermore, sinusoidal Na+/H+ exchange does not appear to be involved in biliary HCO3- excretion.
Rapid virological surveillance of community influenza infection in general practice
Authors: W. F Carman
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The annual outbreak of influenza in Scotland is monitored by sentinel general practices, which report influenza-like illness. We piloted real time virological surveillance to investigate whether polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 1 2 is useful for monitoring an outbreak while it is evolving; to compare PCR with two standard techniques—culture and serology; and to compare two media for submitting samples.

Six practices took part. Influenza-like illness was defined by using standard criteria. Combined nose and throat swabs were submitted in both lysis buffer3 and viral transport medium. Two serum samples were taken a minimum of three weeks apart. All samples were posted to the laboratory. Influenza A and B reverse transcription PCR was performed on both media.3 Primary rhesus monkey kidney cells (Biowhittaker, Wokingham) were used to isolate virus. Influenza A and B antibodies were …
Unlike AML1, CBFβ gene is not deregulated by point mutations in acute myeloid leukemia and in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Hugues Leroy, Christophe Roumier, Nathalie Grardel-Duflos, Elizabeth Macintyre, Pascale Lepelley, Pierre Fenaux, Claude Preudhomme
Journal: Blood (2002)
Rural health workers in developing countries need support to stay
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2008)

An international campaign to support rural health workers in the developing world has been launched “to give people caught up in conflict, disaster, and health system collapse the chance to lead healthy lives.”

The Hands Up for Health Workers campaign (www.handsupforhealthworkers.org), run by the UK medical charity Merlin, aims to ensure that all health workers in the developing world receive a regular wage and that workers in remote and isolated areas receive incentives to stay.

The charity also wants to secure funding to train the additional health workers who are needed to deliver essential health care, and to refresh the skills of existing ones. All …
Taking Nation's Pulse Through Surveys
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1990)

IN the United States, the collection of vital statistics and reporting of communicable disease cases dates to the turn of this century. But continuing surveys of the nation's health status began only in 1956 with the National Health Survey Act. With that legislation, the National Center for Health Statistics was born (later to be brought into the CDC "family"). The center is charged with "obtaining periodically needed information on the incidence, duration, and effects of illness and disability in the nation." The center's headquarters are in Hyattsville, Md, near Washington, DC. It also operates a data-processing center in Research Triangle Park, NC. With a current budget of a little more than $84 million, the agency employs some 500 people. "We don't sit on data for years and years. Nor do we censor anything we don't like," says Manning Feinleib, MD, DrPH, the center's director. To disseminate these data, the center
A STUDY OF THE ACTION OF CALCIUM IN EXPERIMENTAL COCAIN POISONING
Authors: IRA FRANK
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Toxic symptoms arising after the use of cocain have been observed by practically all men with an extensive practice. Their frequent occurrence was recently emphasized by a report on anesthesia in nose and throat work.1This report was prepared by a committee of the Section on Laryngology, Otology and Rhinology of the American Medical Association, and cites the occurrence of thirty-two deaths from local anesthetics in a period of about three years. Of these, twenty-two deaths were verified, and eleven of the twenty-two were due to cocain alone. Cocain combined with procain, apothesin or alypin was responsible for seven more deaths, while the other four were due to procain or apothesin.  The symptoms of cocain poisoning usually appear quite promptly. They are ushered in by a period of nervousness and excitation, sometimes almost of hysteria. Respiration is rapid and deeper than normal, and the pulse is markedly accelerated. The
Information Disclosure and the Physician Payments Sunshine Act
Authors: A. B. Kimball
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Catecholamine Metabolism in Essential Hypertension.
Authors: Shannon Brunjes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 October 1964Catecholamine Metabolism in Essential Hypertension.Shannon Brunjes, M.D., F.A.C.P.Shannon Brunjes, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-811_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDaytime catecholamine and catecholamine metabolite excretion is compared in 73 patients with "essential" hypertension and 47 normal individuals. The hypertensives as a group show significantly lower values for epinephrine, norepinephrine, metanephrine, and vanillylmandelic acid. These differences may be secondary to a reduced sympathetic activity when blood pressure is maintained by some other mechanism. However, in 19% of the hypertensives the ratio of metanephrine plus normetanephrine to vanillylmandelic acid is markedly elevated, indicating an abnormality of catecholamine metabolism. In these patients abnormal catecholamine deactivation may cause their hypertension.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Shannon Brunjes, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1964Volume 61, Issue 4Page: 811-812KeywordsBlood pressureCatecholaminesEpinephrineExcretionHypertensionMetabolitesNorepinephrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Large, rapidly evolving intergenic spacers in the mitochondrial DNA of the salamander family Ambystomatidae (Amphibia: Caudata)
Authors: M. L. McKnight, H. B. Shaffer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

We report the presence, in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of all of the sexual species of the salamander family Ambystomatidae, of a shared 240-bp intergenic spacer between tRNAThr and tRNAPro. We place the intergenic spacer in context by presenting the sequence of 1,746 bp of mtDNA from Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum, describe the nucleotide composition of the intergenic spacer in all of the species of Ambystomatidae, and compare it to other coding and noncoding regions of Ambystoma and several other vertebrate mtDNAs. The nucleotide substitution rate of the intergenic spacer is approximately three times faster than the substitution rate of the control region, as shown by comparisons among six Ambystoma macrodactylum sequences and eight members of the Ambystoma tigrinum complex. We also found additional inserts within the intergenic spacers of five species that varied from 87-444 bp in length. The presence of the intergenic spacer in all sexual species of Ambystomatidae suggests that it arose at least 20 MYA and has been a stable component of the ambystomatid mtDNA ever since. As such, it represents one of the few examples of a large and persistent intergenic spacer in the mtDNA of any vertebrate clade.