tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Kawasaki Disease in a 28-Year-Old Man
Authors: JoLynn M. Glanzer
Journal: JAMA (1980)

KAWASAKI disease or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome was first observed in Japanese children in 1961 by Tomisaku Kawasaki, MD, who reported his experience with 50 cases in 1967.<sup>1</sup>The syndrome is described as an acute febrile illness with erythema of the conjunctivae and mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, erythema and edema of the hands and feet, polymorphous rash, characteristic desquamation, and usually anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Since 1975, the Center for Disease Control has confirmed 112 cases of the disease in this country. Although the disease has been believed to occur only in children from infancy to 13 years, recent reports concern young adults.<sup>2,3</sup>It is the authors' opinion that the following case represents Kawasaki disease in a 28-year-old man. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> In July 1978, a 28-year-old man from Cedar Rapids, Iowa, was vacationing in a suburban area in Colorado when he awoke with pain
Myocardial Oxygenation During High Work States in Hearts With Postinfarction Remodeling
Authors: Yo Murakami, Yi Zhang, Yong K. Cho, Abdul M. Mansoor, Jun K. Chung, Cuixia Chu, Gary Francis, Kamil Ugurbil, Robert J. Bache, Arthur H. L. From, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Norbert Wilke, Jianyi Zhang
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Postinfarction left ventricular remodeling (LVR) is associated with reductions in myocardial high-energy phosphate (HEP) levels, which are more severe in animals that develop overt congestive heart failure (CHF). During high work states, further HEP loss occurs, which suggests demand-induced ischemia. This study tested the hypothesis that inadequate myocyte oxygen availability is the basis for these HEP abnormalities. Methods and Results —Myocardial infarction was produced by left circumflex coronary artery ligation in swine. Studies were performed in 20 normal animals, 14 animals with compensated LVR, and 9 animals with CHF. Phosphocreatine (PCr)/ATP was determined with 31 P NMR and deoxymyoglobin (Mb-δ) with 1 H NMR in myocardium remote from the infarct. Basal PCr/ATP tended to be decreased in postinfarct hearts, and this was significant in animals with CHF. Infusion of dobutamine (20 μg · kg −1 · min −1 IV) caused doubling of the rate-pressure product in both normal and LVR hearts and resulted in comparable significant decreases of PCr/ATP in both groups. This decrease in PCr/ATP was not associated with detectable Mb-δ. In CHF hearts, rate-pressure product increased only 40% in response to dobutamine; this attenuated response also was not associated with detectable Mb-δ. Conclusions —Thus, the decrease of PCr/ATP during dobutamine infusion is not the result of insufficient myocardial oxygen availability. Furthermore, in CHF hearts, the low basal PCr/ATP and the attenuated response to dobutamine occurred in the absence of myocardial hypoxia, indicating that the HEP and contractile abnormalities were not the result of insufficient oxygen availability.
Jamestown Medical Clinic System
Authors: John D. Voltmann
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Comprehensive health care can be provided in rural and poor areas despite a decreasing number of physicians in those areas. A single physician increased his productivity by 300% to 400% by combining already available resources: specially trained and supervised nurse-practitioners, problem-oriented charting, and multiphasic screening. With emphasis on the nurse-practitioner as the main "person of contact" for the patient, the physician is able to shift from 50% to 75% of his usual tasks to these specially trained personnel. Patients have come to regard the physician as a "consultant" to the nurse-practitioner.
Abstract 3502: Activity of combinations of anticancer agents in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Christina Schwarting, Julia Belgardt, Andre Warnecke, Felix Kratz, Ralph Graeser
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Long term and successful treatment of pancreatic cancer remains a considerable challenge, and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies that improve the response rate and overall survival of this disease that responds poorly to monotherapy with anticancer agents such as gemcitabine or 5-fluorouracil. Instead of combining drugs at their respective maximum tolerated doses, a number of recent studies have shown that the “more is better” paradigm may not be the optimal strategy for maximizing the clinical outcome for combination therapy and rather synergistic effects can be achieved if the drugs are dosed at a defined ratio. Such an approach is currently being investigated clinically with liposomal formulations which contain irinotecan and floxuridine at a 1:1 ratio or cytarabine and daunorubicin at a 5:1 ratio. We therefore tested a number of combinations of chemotherapeutic agents using defined ratios ranging from 10:1 to 1:10 for their efficacy against a luciferase transduced pancreatic cell line, MIAPaCa2 ELN, using a 72 h Luciferase proliferation assay. Using this assay, a combination of camptothecin with gemcitabine showed synergy at a ratio of 1:5 over a cell survival range of 10-80% with combination indexes (CIs) between 0.36 and 0.71. In addition, a synergy was found at a 1:10 ratio for methotrexate with doxorubicin with CI values from 0.36 to 0.32 over a 20-90% cell survival range. A third synergistic combination was observed between cytarabine and gemcitabine at a 1:5 ratio with CIs from 0.16 to 0.21 over a 20-90% cell survival range. None of the other combinations tested, including campthotecin with methotrexate, camptotecin with doxorubicin, or cytarabine with daunorubicin showed synergistic effects at ratios from 5:1 to 1:5. These in vitro results show that the ratio of the respective drug combination is a decisive factor for inducing additive, synergistic or even antagonistic effects. We are currently testing the most promising combinations in additional pancreatic carcinoma cell lines in order to elucidate whether the synergistic effects of these combinations and specific ratios apply to pancreatic cancer cells in general. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3502. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3502
A Histopathologic Study of the Atrioventricular Communications in Two Hearts with the Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: MAURICE LEV, REXFORD KENNAMER, MYRON PRINZMETAL, QUINTILIANO H. DE MESQUITA
Journal: Circulation (1961)

The atrioventricular communications and the AV node, bundle, and bundle branches of two cases with the WPW syndrome were studied histologically. One case was that of chronic Chagas' myocarditis and the other possible chronic Chagas' myocarditis. Accessory muscular communications in the right atrioventricular junction were found in one heart, and no communications outside the conduction system in the other. Inflammatory changes were found in the conduction system of both hearts. The literature of the anatomic changes in hearts with the WPW syndrome, and that with the presence of accessory atrioventricular muscular communications without the WPW syndrome are reviewed. From the study of the literature and of our two cases, it appears that some cases of the WPW syndrome are associated with accessory communications and others are not, and accessory communications may be present without this syndrome. Of the four cases with this syndrome, however, in which a thorough study has been made of all possible conduction pathways, three showed accessory communications. On the other hand, inflamatory changes in the pre-atrioventricular nodal area, AV node, bundle and bundle branches have been found in many cases of the WPW syndrome. It is thus clear that an anatomic base has as yet not been established for the WPW syndrome. It is possible that a different mechanism may be responsible in different cases. The high incidence of inflammation of the conduction system in the studied cases makes accelerated conduction an attractive hypothesis, where no accessory bundles have been found. More correlative histologic and clinical work needs to be performed in this field.
Changes occurring in Blood stored in Different Preservatives
Authors: J. Dubash, O. Clegg, J. Vaughan
Journal: BMJ (1940)

CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS also explain the curious variation in the amount of prota- mine insulin and soluble insulin to which I have referred, the rapid swing from hyperglycaemia to hypoglycaemia and back again to hyperglycaemia, and the difference in the size of the two doses of insulin.This hypothesis of the varying activity on the part of the hypophysis is a pleasing one, as it will explain so many difficulties ; but there is at present no direct evidence for it.If the amount of the glycotrophic substance and of insulin in the blood and urine can be estimated it should be possible to prove or disprove this hypothesis.The only direct evidence for the varying activity of the hypophysis is that provided by Dr. Leonard Mark (1912) in his observations on his own case.He described what he called an acromegalic state.This might come on at'any time of the day, but was most common during the latter part of the morning.Its duLration was very variable: it might last only about half ;.n hour or it might be present all day.When he was in the acromegalic state his general appearance altered; his hands and feet were bigger, cold, and moist; his eyes were more sunken, and his tears flowed abundantly-so much so that the silk lapel of his frock-coat rotted.I have not found any other reference to this condition, as Harvey Cushing (1932) and Atkinson (1932) do not mention it.If, however, Leonard Mark's observati-ons are correct the acromegalic state can only be due to a variation in the activity of the hypophysis, and if this takes place in acro- megaly it may also occur in the secretion of the glycotrophic factor, and so explain many of our present difficulties.
Recent Difficulties With Frozen Glycerolized Blood
Authors: C. Robert Valeri, Milton E. Henderson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Recent major complications, hemoglobinuria with or without acute renal insufficiency, have occurred only with the transfusion during surgery of deglycerolized red blood cells resuspended in an artificial 5% albumin resuspension medium. No major complications have occurred with deglycerolized red blood cells resuspended in autologous plasma. Hemoglobinuria can be tolerated by normotensive, normovolemic individuals with normal renal function. However, hemoglobinuria associated with hypotension, increased antidiuretic hormone, dehydration, acidosis, and hemorrhage can precipitate acute renal insufficiency. Hemoglobinuria may occur secondary to infusion of supernatant hemoglobin or the intravascular liberation of hemoglobin from nonviable preserved erythrocytes.
Unilateral pallidotomy in Parkinson's disease: a randomised, single-blind, multicentre trial
Authors: Rob MA de Bie, Rob J de Haan, Peter CG Nijssen, A Wijnand F Rutgers, Guus N Beute, D Andries Bosch, Rob Haaxma, Ben Schmand, P Richard Schuurman, Michiel J Staal, Johannes D Speelman
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Efficacy and Tolerability of Lovastatin in 3390 Women with Moderate Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Reagan H. Bradford
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lovastatin in women with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Design: The Expanded Clinical Evaluation of Lovastatin (EXCEL) Study, a multicenter, double-blind, diet- and placebo-controlled trial, in which participants were randomly assigned to receive placebo or lovastatin at doses of 20 or 40 mg once daily, or 20 or 40 mg twice daily for 48 weeks. Setting: Ambulatory patients recruited by 362 participating centers throughout the United States. Patients: Women (n = 3390) from the total cohort of 8245 volunteers. Measurements: Plasma total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides; and laboratory and clinical evidence of adverse events monitored periodically throughout the study. Results: Among women, lovastatin (20 to 80 mg/d) produced sustained (12- to 48-week), dose-related changes (P < 0.001): decreases in LDL cholesterol (24% to 40%) and triglycerides (9% to 18%), and increases in HDL cholesterol (6.7% to 8.6%). Depending on the dose, from 82% to 95% of lovastatin-treated women achieved the National Cholesterol Education Program goal of LDL cholesterol levels less than 4.14 mmol/L (160 mg/dL), and 40% to 87% achieved the goal of 3.36 mmol/L (130 mg/dL). Successive transaminase elevations greater than three times the upper limit of normal occurred in 0.1% of women and were dose dependent above the 20-mg dose. Myopathy, defined as muscle symptoms with creatine kinase elevations greater than 10 times the upper limit of normal, was rare and associated with the highest recommended daily dose of lovastatin (80 mg). Estrogen-replacement therapy appeared to have no effect on either the efficacy or safety profile of lovastatin. Conclusion: Lovastatin is highly effective and generally well tolerated as therapy for primary hypercholesterolemia in women.
Fatal Infection with a Novel, Unidentified Mycobacterium in a Man with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Bernard Hirschel, Hernan R. Chang, Nicolas Mach, Pierre-François Piguet, Jeremiah Cox, Jean-Daniel Piguet, Manuel T. Silva, Lennart Larsson, Paul R. Klatser, Jelle E.R. Thole, Leen Rigouts, Françoise Portaels
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare are among the common pathogens that infect patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).1 2 3 In this report, we describe a patient seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) whose disease clinically resembled infection with M. avium–intracellulare. Numerous acid-fast rods were found in nearly all the tissues we examined, but the cultures remained negative. Nucleic acid analyses were negative for M. tuberculosis, the M. avium complex, and M. leprae, but electron microscopy and lipid analysis by chromatography suggested that the pathogen was a mycobacterium. The microorganism multiplied in congenitally athymic nude mice. Its species remains . . .
Ventricular paired pacing to control rapid ventricular heart rate following open heart surgery. Observations on ectopic automaticity. Report of a case in a four-month-old patient.
Authors: A L Waldo, E Krongrad, J Kupersmith, O R Levine, F O Bowman, B F Hoffman
Journal: Circulation (1976)

An unusual case is presented in which an atrioventricular (A-V) junctional tachycardia at a rate of 285 beats/min developed in the immediate postoperative period following surgical repair (a Mustard procedure) of transposition of the great vessels in a four-month-old infant. With that heart rate the systolic blood pressure bacame 35-40 mm Hg and urinary output ceased. Ventricular paired pacing was employed successfully to halve the mechanically effective ventricular rate. This resulted in a clinically effective blood pressure and return of normal urinary output. The clinical course of the A-V junctional tachycardia, plus its response to several interventions, suggested that the mechanism of the A-V junctional tachycardia was automatic rather than re-entrant. The study demonstrates that ventricular paired pacing for the control of cardiac arrhythmias is a useful clinical technique in selected cases.
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: Predictive factors of infection resolution and survival in patients treated with cefotaxime
Authors: Claudio Toledo, Joan-Manuel Salmerón, Antoni Rimola, Miquel Navasa, Vicente Arroyo, Josep Llach, Angels Ginés, Pere Ginès, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Cefotaxime is the most commonly used antibiotic for initial therapy of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis. However, since the introduction of cefotaxime no study has been performed to investigate factors influencing prognosis in cirrhotic patients with this type of infection. In this study, predictive factors for infection resolution and patient survival were investigated in 213 consecutive episodes of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in 185 cirrhotic patients. All patients were initially treated with cefotaxime. One hundred sixty-five episodes (77%) resolved with cefotaxime alone, and two more episodes (1%), initially unresponsive to cefotaxime, were cured after modification of antibiotic therapy. In a multivariate analysis (stepwise logistic regression), only 4 of 51 clinical and laboratory variables obtained at the time of diagnosis of infection were identified as independent predictors of infection resolution: band neutrophils in white blood cell count, community-acquired vs. hospital-acquired peritonitis, blood urea nitrogen level and serum aspartate aminotransferase level. No patient experienced serious adverse effects related to cefotaxime. Eighty-two patients died during hospitalization (38% mortality rate in relation to the 213 episodes of peritonitis). In the multivariate analysis, six variables were independently correlated with survival: blood urea nitrogen level, serum aspartate aminotransferase level, community-acquired vs. hospital-acquired peritonitis, age, Child-Pugh score and ileus. No microbiological data had predictive value for infection resolution or survival.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ATP-dependent canalicular transport of cysteinyl leukotrienes
Authors: Ned Ballatori
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The liver is the major organ which eliminates leukotriene C 4 (LTC 4 ) and other cysteinyl leukotrienes from the blood circulation into bile. Transport of LTC 4 was studied using inside-out vesicles enriched in canalicular and sinusoidal membranes from rat liver. The incubation of canalicular membrane vesicles with [ 3 H]LTC 4 in the presence of ATP resulted in an uptake of LTC 4 into vesicles. The initial rate of ATP-stimulated LTC 4 uptake was about 40-fold higher in canalicular than in sinusoidal membrane vesicles. When liver plasma membrane vesicles were incubated in the absence of ATP, an apparent transient uptake of LTC 4 was observed which was temperaturedependent and not affected by the osmolarity. This indicates that LTC 4 was bound to proteins on the surface of plasma membrane vesicles. Two proteins with relative molecular weights of 17,000 and 25,000 were detected by direct photoaffinity labeling as major LTC 4 -binding proteins. One protein ( M r 25,000) was ascribed to subunit 1 (Ya) of glutathione S -transferase which was associated with the membrane. LTD 4 , LTE 4 , N -acetyl-LTE 4 , and ω-carboxy- N -acetyl-LTE 4 were also transported into liver plasma membrane vesicles in an ATP-dependent manner with initial rates relative to LTC 4 (1.0) of 0.46, 0.11, 0.35, and 0.22, respectively. Mutual competition between the cysteinyl leukotrienes and S -(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-glutathione for uptake indicated that they are transported by a common carrier. Apparent K m values of the transport system for LTC 4 , LTD 4 , and N -acetyl-LTE 4 were 0.25, 1.5, and 5.2 μM, respectively. The ATP-dependent transport of LTC 4 into vesicles was not inhibited by doxorubicin, daunorubicin, or verapamil, or by the monoclonal antibody C219, suggesting that the transport system differs from P-glycoprotein. Liver plasma membrane vesicles prepared from mutant rats deficient in the hepatobiliary excretion of cysteinyl leukotrienes lacked the ATP-dependent transport of cysteinyl leukotrienes and S -(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-glutathione. These results demonstrate that the ATP-dependent carrier system is responsible for the transport of cysteinyl leukotrienes and glutathione S -conjugates from the hepatocytes into bile.
CONSERVATIVE SURGERY OF THE OVARIES.
Authors: EDWARD REYNOLDS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In recent literature it has been usual to speak of the conservative surgery of the uterine adnexa as though it were one subject. In point of fact, the resection of diseased tubes and the conservation of the ovaries belonging to them is usually brought to our attention in inflammatory cases and the question then hinges mainly on the condition of the tube, i. e., on the possibility of its restoration to functional value, as balanced against the possibility of reinfection of the pelvis from the patent stump. In this class of cases the condition of the ovary is usually a subordinate matter. These cases are etiologically in a different class from those which present normal tubes and neoplastic ovaries. They are also distinct clinically since in the latter class the decision rests wholly on the state of the ovary. I believe that confusion has been wrought, that clearness of thought
Tetracycline and BUN Level
Authors: H.J.P.M. Dijkhuis
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> With interest we read Jick and Slone's report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program on tetracycline and drug-attributed rises in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level.<sup>1</sup> We did a pilot study during the winter of 1971 to 1972 in eight ambulant patients with chronic bronchitis; six of them showed a rise in BUN level to abnormal values during treatment with tetracycline in four daily doses of 250 mg. Two patients had pathological BUN values even before treatment (Figure). Most of our observations were similar to those of Jick and Slone. However, in our small series, not only patients with a combined treatment of tetracycline and diuretics showed a rise in BUN level, but also two out of four patients without diuretic therapy. Careful examination and control of renal functions in our patients showed no disturbances of renal functions; in fact, creatinine clearance remained normal in
Genome-wide association and functional studies identify a role for<i>IGFBP3</i>in hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Daniel S Evans, Frederic Cailotto, Neeta Parimi, Ana M Valdes, Martha C Castaño-Betancourt, Youfang Liu, Robert C Kaplan, Martin Bidlingmaier, Ramachandran S Vasan, Alexander Teumer, Gregory J Tranah, Michael C Nevitt, Steven R Cummings, Eric S Orwoll, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Jordan B Renner, Joanne M Jordan, Michael Doherty, Sally A Doherty, Andre G Uitterlinden, Joyce B J van Meurs, Tim D Spector, Rik J Lories, Nancy E Lane
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To identify genetic associations with hip osteoarthritis (HOA), we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of HOA. <h3>Methods</h3> The GWAS meta-analysis included approximately 2.5 million imputed HapMap single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). HOA cases and controls defined radiographically and by total hip replacement were selected from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) (654 cases and 4697 controls, combined). Replication of genome-wide significant SNP associations (p ≤5×10<sup>−8</sup>) was examined in five studies (3243 cases and 6891 controls, combined). Functional studies were performed using in vitro models of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. <h3>Results</h3> The A allele of rs788748, located 65 kb upstream of the <i>IGFBP3</i> gene, was associated with lower HOA odds at the genome-wide significance level in the discovery stage (OR 0.71, p=2×10<sup>−8</sup>). The association replicated in five studies (OR 0.92, p=0.020), but the joint analysis of discovery and replication results was not genome-wide significant (p=1×10<sup>−6</sup>). In separate study populations, the rs788748 A allele was also associated with lower circulating IGFBP3 protein levels (p=4×10<sup>−13</sup>), suggesting that this SNP or a variant in linkage disequilibrium could be an <i>IGFBP3</i> regulatory variant. Results from functional studies were consistent with association results. Chondrocyte hypertrophy, a deleterious event in OA pathogenesis, was largely prevented upon <i>IGFBP3</i> knockdown in chondrocytes. Furthermore, <i>IGFBP3</i> overexpression induced cartilage catabolism and osteogenic differentiation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Results from GWAS and functional studies provided suggestive links between IGFBP3 and HOA.