tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transgenic HFE‐dependent induction of hepcidin in mice does not require transferrin receptor‐2
Authors: Paul J. Schmidt, Mark D. Fleming
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Hereditary hemochomatosis (HH) is caused by mutations in several genes, including HFE and transferrin receptor-2 (TFR2). Loss of either protein decreases expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin by the liver, leading to inappropriately high iron uptake from the diet, and resulting in systemic iron overload. In tissue culture, overexpressed HFE and TFR2 physically interact. Hepatocellular overexpression of Hfe in vivo increases hepcidin expression, despite an associated decrease in Tfr2. On this basis, we hypothesized that Tfr2 would not be required for Hfe-dependent up-regulation of hepcidin. We show that hepatocellular overexpression of Hfe in Tfr2(Y245X/Y245X) mice leads to hepcidin induction eventuating in iron deficiency and a hypochromic, microcytic anemia. Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation studies using liver lysates did not provide evidence for physical interaction between Hfe and Tfr2 in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Tfr2 is not essential for Hfe-mediated induction of hepcidin expression, supporting the possibility that TFR2 may regulate iron metabolism in an HFE-independent manner.
THE PRESENCE OF A GROUP A VARIANT-LIKE ANTIGEN IN STREPTOCOCCI OF OTHER GROUPS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO GROUP N
Authors: Elliott, S. D., Hayward, John, Liu, T. Y.
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

A Group A variant-like antigen has been detected in streptococci belonging to Groups D, E, G, M, and N. In Groups D and N the variant-like antigen was located in the streptococcal cell walls. In two strains of Group N streptococci (C559 and B209) the cell walls were chemically different and serologically distinct. In strain C559 N-acetylgalactosamine, and in strain B209, N-acetylglucosamine were the major determinants of serological specificity. The cell walls of strain C559 contained at least three serologically reactive components: a rhamnose-containing fraction that precipitated with an antiserum to Group A-variant carbohydrate; a strain-specific polysaccharide composed of galactosamine and glucosamine, both in the N-acetylated form and probably polymerized with an unidentified phosphorylated substance; and a component of unknown composition serologically related to a Group D streptococcus strain C3 (S. durans). An analogy is drawn between the cell wall structure in streptococcus and Salmonella.
THE TREATMENT OF PURPURIC CONDITIONS AND HEMOPHILIA.
Authors: JOHN W. COE
Journal: JAMA (1906)

It is not the purpose of this paper to discuss the numerous theories concerning the etiology and pathology of these interesting conditions, for the multiplicity of ideas is the best evidence of the obscurity which still surrounds them, but to outline a course of treatment which has been beneficial. Since A. E. Wright, in 1891 and 1893<sup>1</sup>and in subsequent articles, advocated the use of the chlorid of calcium to hasten the coagulation of the blood, many patients with hemorrhagic tendencies have been greatly helped by it while with others it seems inert. The preparations of the adrenal gland are also of value in many cases. Boggs,<sup>2</sup>in 1904, demonstrated that the lactate of calcium had the same accelerating effect on coagulation as the chlorid. Wright<sup>3</sup>and Paramore,<sup>3</sup>in 1905, published the results of a series of experiments in which they used the lactate of calcium
Inference and Analysis of the Relative Stability of Bacterial Chromosomes
Authors: Eduardo P. C. Rocha
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

The stability of genomes is highly variable, both in terms of gene content and gene order. Here I calibrate the loss of gene order conservation (GOC) through time by fitting a simple probabilistic model on pairwise comparisons involving 126 bacterial genomes. The model computes the probability of separation of pairs of contiguous genes per unit of time and fits the data better than previous ones while allowing a mechanistic interpretation for the loss of GOC with time. Although the information on operons is not used in the model, I observe, as expected, that most highly conserved pairs of genes are indeed within operons. However, even the other pairs are much more conserved than expected given the observed experimental rearrangement rates. After 500 Myr, about 50% of the originally contiguous orthologues remain so in the average genome. Hence, the large majority of rearrangements must be deleterious and random genome rearrangements are unlikely to provide for positively selected structural changes. I then use the deviations from the model to define an intrinsic measure of genome stability that allowed the comparison of distantly related genomes and the inference of ancestral states. This shows that clades differ in genome stability, with cyanobacteria being the least stable and gamma-proteobacteria the most stable. Without correction for phylogeny, free-living bacteria are the least stable group of genomes, followed by pathogens, and then endomutualists. However, after correction for phylogenetic inertia (or the removal of cyanobacteria from the analysis), there is no significant association between genome stability and lifestyle or genome size. Hence, although this method has allowed uncovering some of mechanisms leading to rearrangements, we still ignore the forces that differentially shape selection upon genome stability in different species.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND GUIDANCE BARE METAL STENT VERSUS DRUG ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Seung-Ho Hur, Ji-Hyun Son, Hong-Won Shin, Yun-Kyeong Cho, Hyoung-Seob Park, Hyuck-Jun Yoon, Hyungseop Kim, Chang-Wook Nam, Yoon-Nyun Kim, Kwon-Bae Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Lack of control of severe asthma is associated with co‐existence of moderate‐to‐severe rhinitis
Authors: E. V. Ponte, R. Franco, H. F. Nascimento, A. Souza‐Machado, S. Cunha, M. L. Barreto, C. Naspitz, Á. A. Cruz
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Retrospective studies provide evidence that rhinitis is associated with more severe asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively whether rhinitis is a predictor of increased asthma severity. Methods: Five hundred and fifty‐seven patients with severe asthma were enrolled. During 1 year of follow‐up, each patient was evaluated every 3 months with a record of emergency room visits and supply of topical corticosteroids for asthma and rhinitis. In the 1 year of follow‐up visit, the patients were checked for rhinitis diagnosis, severity and answered questionnaires for asthma symptoms and quality of life. Results: Eighty‐two (15%) patients had no rhinitis, 299 (54%) had mild rhinitis and 176 (31%) moderate/severe rhinitis. In logistic regression models, moderate/severe rhinitis was a predictor for any emergency room visit in the follow‐up period [3.83 (2.00–7.35)], for the presence of uncontrolled asthma after 1 year of follow‐up [12.68 (1.73–92.85)], for &lt;10% improvement of the airway obstruction [2.94 (1.48–5.85)] and &lt;50% reduction in the number of emergency room visits [2.90 (1.02–8.26)] in the year of follow‐up. It was also associated with a smaller chance of more than 90% reduction in the number of emergency room visits in the year of follow‐up [0.27 (0.12–0.60)]. In a multivariate linear regression model, severity of rhinitis was positively correlated with a score of asthma severity and inversely correlated to an index of quality of life. Conclusions: In a population with severe asthma, moderate/severe rhinitis is a strong predictor for greater severity of asthma.
Feasibility of double-balloon enteroscopy-assisted chromoendoscopy of the small bowel in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: K. Mönkemüller, L. Fry, M. Ebert, M. Bellutti, M. Venerito, C. Knippig, S. Rickes, P. Muschke, C. Röcken, P. Malfertheiner
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Background and study aims: Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are at increased risk of developing duodenal and jejunal adenocarcinomas. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of double-balloon enteroscopy- (DBE-) assisted chromoendoscopy for the detection and characterization of small-bowel polyps in patients with FAP.
Prevalence of Congenital or Acquired Complement Deficiency in Patients with Sporadic Meningococcal Disease
Authors: Richard T. Ellison, Peter F. Kohler, John G. Curd, Franklyn N. Judson, L. Barth Reller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We evaluated the complement system in 20 patients presenting with a first episode of meningococcal meningitis, meningococcemia, or meningococcal pericarditis. Assays of total serum complement activity were performed prospectively in 12 patients and retrospectively in 8. Six of the twenty patients had a complement deficiency (CH50 greater than 2 S.D. below the normal mean). Three of these six had a deficiency of a terminal-pathway protein (C6 in two and C8 in one), and the other three had deficiencies of multiple complement proteins associated with underlying systemic lupus erythematosus or multiple myeloma. Patients with decreased amounts of complement were similar to normal patients in terms of sex, age, type of infection, and meningococcal serogroup, but 3 of the 6 patients with a complement deficiency were black, as compared with none of the 14 patients with normal function (P = 0.018). Complement deficiency is common in patients with a first episode of meningococcal disease and may be due to either a deficiency in a single terminal protein or a complement-depleting underlying illness.
A Case of Melanotic Tumour Developed near a Congenital Mole
Authors: F. Mason
Journal: BMJ (1873)

with an explanation of the treatment which they must receive in order t-6 b6 maintained in health.Considering how much may be accom- plished by these bodies of ours if they be properly attended to and rightly used, it seems to bc m inost desirable thing that the possessor of the body should know something about its mechanism; not only be- *cause such knowledge affords him much material for suggestive thought
Effects of Isoproterenol on the Pulmonary Blood Volume in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease and Primary Myocardial Disease
Authors: BERNARD F. SCHREINER, GERALD W. MURPHY, DOUGLAS H. JAMES, PAUL N. YU
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The effects of intravenous isoproterenol upon the pressure-flow-volume relationships in the pulmonary vascular bed were studied in 34 patients and one normal subject during simultaneous right and transseptal left heart catheterization. In five patients with primary myocardial disease and in one normal subject, active pulmonary vasodilation was demonstrated by a significant increase in pulmonary blood volume (PBV) and a concomitant fall in pulmonary vascular distending pressure (P D ). Infusion of the drug into 18 patients with mitral stenosis resulted in a concordant rise in PBV and PD, strongly suggesting passive distention of the pulmonary vascular bed. In contrast to the responses of these two groups of patients, isoproterenol infusion into 11 patients with aortic valve disease failed to change the PBV, but caused a significant decrease in P D . It is concluded that the response of different groups of patients to isoproterenol cannot be explained by a single mechanism. Multiple actions of the drug must be considered, including active pulmonary vasodilation, a positive inotropic action upon the heart, and bronchomotor effects.
Evaluation of kidney damage in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in long-term follow-up: Value of renal scan
Authors: Sevgi Yetgin, Şeref Olgar, Tülin Aras, Mualla Çetin, Ali Düzova, Volkan Beylergil, Okan Akhan, Oĝuzhan Oĝuz, Osman Saraçbaşı
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract In order to evaluate potential long‐term kidney damage of childhood leukemia and risk factors affecting renal damage, we studied 116 children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using the St. Jude Total XI and XIII protocols in 1991–1998. The median follow‐up period after the completion of treatment was 35 months. The following parameters were examined: urinalysis, urinary creatinine (Cr), calcium (Ca), phosphorus, β 2 ‐microglobulin, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), tubular phosphorus reabsorption (TPR), and renal function tests. Radiological evaluation included renal ultrasonography (US), and renal scans with DMSA or MAG‐3 were performed. Blood chemistry and renal US patients were normal in all patients except two. GFR, TPR, urinary Ca/Cr, β 2 ‐microglobulin, and renal scan were abnormal in 19.0%, 16.4%, 13.8%, 6.0%, and 40.5% of patients, respectively. The abnormality rate in GFR was significantly higher in patients &lt;2 years of age. TPR abnormality was found to be significantly higher in patients who did not have G‐CSF. An abnormal renal scan was associated with Hb &lt; 10 g/dL, kidney infiltration, or hypertension at presentation and also occurred patients who underwent methotrexate treatment with frequent intervals during the follow‐up period. Patients should be followed‐up after cessation of therapy with the conventional tests mentioned above. In case of any abnormality, further detailed tests should be performed; renal scan seems to be more predictive for renal damage. Am. J. Hematol. 77:132–139, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Russia loses blood
Authors: P Conradi
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A chronic shortage of blood is adding to the problems of Russia's overstretched state health service. Stocks at some hospitals are as low as one fifth of normal levels, and the relatives of patients brought in for surgery are now routinely asked to supply blood. It has become so bad that medical staff often have no alternative but to give their own blood to patients. “There are only a few donors, and medical institutions face major hardships in obtaining blood and its components,” said Alisa Brodskaya, head of the donor department of the Central Moscow Blood Transfusion …
Abstract 1572: Development of novel and effective therapeutic peptide vaccines against HPV-induced tumors
Authors: Kelly Barrios, Esteban Celis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Our main goal is to generate effective therapeutic peptide-based vaccines against viral-induced cancers. We are first focusing on human papillomavirus (HPV) induced malignancies because of their high worldwide prevalence (e.g., cervical carcinoma and head &amp; neck cancer). We have used an HPV-induced mouse cancer model to test vaccines composed of a CD8 T cell peptide epitope administered with potent adjuvants designed to generate vast numbers of high avidity cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for the HPV16-E7 antigen. One vaccination strategy (TriVax) consists of intravenous administration of synthetic peptide HPV16-E749-57 administered together with a Poly-IC (a TLR3 agonist) and anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody (≥CD40 mAb) while the second more simple strategy (BiVax) comprises of peptide plus Poly-IC. We assessed both the immunogenicity and therapeutic anti-tumor effects of both vaccination strategies. While TriVax was clearly more immunogenic than BiVax, both vaccines showed remarkable anti tumor effects against the HPV16-E7 expressing tumors TC-1 and C3.43. In addition, we will present results suggesting that some peptides such as HPV16-E749-57 can be highly immunogenic in the absence of CD40 costimulation (i.e., in the BiVax format), due to their capacity to form complexes with Poly-IC. We hypothesize that peptide/Poly-IC complexes are highly immunogenic because they are targeted to professional antigen-presenting cells via some type of scavenger receptor specialized in capturing nucleic acids. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1572. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1572
Screening Strategies for Lead Poisoning
Authors: Stanley J. Schaffer
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article on the utility of lead screening in Orange County by Gellert et al<sup>1</sup>focuses attention on the importance of assessing the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels among children living in individual counties or localities. Until similar prevalence assessments are done in other geographic areas, the generalizability of the Orange County findings is difficult to ascertain. Basing screening decisions elsewhere on the Orange County data may be particularly unsuitable since few areas have as small a percentage of homes built before 1950 as does Orange County. Nevertheless, it is likely that new screening recommendations will eventually be developed that will be based on an assessment of the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels among children living in specific localities. Since the variability in the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels is great even within geographic regions,<sup>1,2</sup>such an approach must be community based
Loculoascomycete origins and evolution of filamentous ascomycete morphology based on 18S rRNA gene sequence data
Authors: M. L. Berbee
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

The fungal subclass Loculoascomycetes is characterized by asci or sexual spore sacks with two separable wall layers. At maturity, the inner wall layer protrudes out beyond the outer wall as in a jack-in-the-box. If the Loculoascomycetes were monophyletic and their jack-in-the-box type asci evolved once, then taxa from diverse loculoascomycete lineages would cluster together in a DNA sequence-based tree. To evaluate the phylogenetic history of the two-walled asci, I sequenced the 18S nuclear rRNA genes of 16 species from seven families in the loculoascomycete orders Pleosporales, Dothideales, and Chaetothyriales. Within the Loculoascomycetes, the Pleosporales form a monophyletic group in 99% of the bootstrapped parsimony trees. The Dothideales usually appear as a monophyletic group but without statistical support. Capronia pilosella (Herpotrichiellaceae, Order Chaetothyriales) clusters with plectomycete members of the subclass Euascomycetes rather than the other Loculoascomycetes in 99% of parsimony and neighbor-joining bootstrap replicates. Although the jack-in-the-box-type ascus is a good marker for large, monophyletic loculoascomycete orders, it must have evolved at least twice or been lost at least once.
Intramural Bronchogenic Cysts Mimicking Solid Tumors
Authors: M. Westerterp, J. G. van den Berg, J. J. van Lanschot, P. Fockens
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Despite better diagnostic modalities, the preoperative diagnosis of esophageal bronchogenic cysts remains difficult. We report three cases of misdiagnosed esophageal bronchogenic cysts and discuss the clinical consequences.
Familial Acute Myeloid Leukaemia with Acquired Pelger-Huet Anomaly and Aneuploidy of C Group
Authors: J. Kaur, D. Catovsky, H. Valdimarsson, O. Jensson, A. S. D. Spiers
Journal: BMJ (1972)

All five members of one generation in an Icelandic family were affected by acute myeloid leukaemia or preleukaemia. Two sibs died of acute myeloid leukaemia and another of myelofibrosis associated with leukaemic changes. The other two sibs are alive; one of them (the propositus) has haematological features consistent with preleukaemia; both of them have evidence of an abnormal cytogenetic clone in the bone marrow with 47 chromosomes, an extra chromosome in the C group. The finding of the acquired Pelger-Huët anomaly in the neutrophils of the five affected sibs suggests that a specific genetic cell defect has been transmitted with autosomal dominant characteristics. The presence of immunological deficiencies and an undue susceptibility to oncogenic viruses, as suggested by warts affecting three family members, may have played a part in the pathogenesis of the leukaemic process.
Bone Scintigraphic Demonstration of Synovial Chondromatosis
Authors: ROBERT SMITH, J MAXWELL HULSEY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Markedly increased periarticular Tc-99m diphosphonate uptake around the knee is described in a patient found to have synovial chondromatosis. The pathophysiology and possible causes of bone tracer uptake in this cartilaginous disorder are discussed.
Abstract 5: Frequency of FGFR2 gene amplification in gastric cancer
Authors: Kazuko Matsumoto, Tokuzo Arao, Tetsuya Hamaguchi, Yasuhiro Shimada, Ken Kato, Ichiro Oda, Hirokazu Taniguchi, Fumiaki Koizumi, Kazuyoshi Yanagihara, Hiroki Sasaki, Yasuhide Yamada, Kazuto Nishio
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: FGFR2 amplification confers hypersensitivity to FGFR inhibitor in gastric cancer cell lines. However, the frequency of FGFR2 amplification, its clinicopathological features, and the results of high throughput screening assays in a large cohort of gastric clinical samples remain largely unclear. Patients and methods: The expression levels of FGFR2 mRNA and proteins, the drug sensitivity to an FGFR inhibitor, and the genomic copy numbers of FGFR1-4 were evaluated in gastric cancer cell lines. The gene amplification of the FGFRs in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) gastric cancer tissues was determined by a real-time PCR-based copy number assay. For confirming the results, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was conducted. Results: All of the four gastric cancer cell lines with FGFR2 amplification were sensitive to an FGFR inhibitor. The above copy number assay and FISH analysis revealed that 4.1% (11/267) of the gastric cancers harbored FGFR2 amplification (intestinal type, n=2; diffuse type, n=8 and unclassified type, n=1). No amplification of the three other family members was detected. A FISH analysis showed that six of these seven cases were highly amplified, while the remaining one had a relatively low grade of amplification. Although the difference was not significant, patients with FGFR2 amplification tended to exhibit a shorter overall survival period. Conclusions: FGFR2 amplification was observed in 4.1% of gastric cancers and our established PCR-based copy number assay could be a powerful tool for detecting FGFR2 amplification using FFPE samples. Our results strongly encourage the development of FGFR-targeted therapy for gastric cancers with FGFR2 amplification. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5
TCT-663 Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Overestimate Coronary Lumen Dimension than Intravascular Ultrasound Especially Small Lumen Measurement
Authors: Jin Bae Lee, Kyung-Ryun Bae, Sung Gug Chang, Ji Yong Choi, Seung Pyo Hong, Seung-woon Jun, Kee Sik Kim, Jung Hyun Kim, Young Soo Lee, Jae Kean Ryu, Myung Jun Seong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Major Vascular Injuries
Authors: Paul F. Gryska
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE majority of injuries of major blood vessels are cared for by surgeons who may have little personal experience in this field. Such injuries are infrequent in civilian life. Principles of management, even in the common or atypical injuries, are quite straightforward. It is perhaps repetitive to emphasize the importance of speed and direct, aggressive, surgical therapy for most major vascular injuries; however, failure of treatment has hesitation as a background only too often. Most lessons learned and advances made in this area have followed the aggressive attitudes of surgical teams during the Korean War,1 in which it was demonstrated . . .