tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
VALUE OF THE ANGIOTRIBE IN VAGINAL CELIOTOMY.
Authors: J. H. CARSTENS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

When Battey first suggested the removal of the normal ovaries in cases of otherwise incurable dysmenorrhea, he performed his operations through the vagina; Hegar and Tait at the same time performed a similar operation but by means of abdominal section; the latter especially perfected the operation by the abdominal route for the removal of the uterine appendages in pus cases. This was the beginning of modern abdominal surgery, and the gynecologists of the past few years became pelvic surgeons, removing tubes and ovaries for all kinds of conditions and symptoms; but the extreme swing of the pendulum has been reached; conservative surgery predominates, and efforts are made to preserve half or at least a part of the generative organs. The state of perfection to which American surgeons brought celiotomy caused the neglect of the original route suggested by Battey, until, by the effort of the French surgeons, especially, the vaginal
SHORTENING OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR DELAY AT INCREASED HEART RATES IMPROVES LV DIASTOLIC FILLING, STROKE VOLUME AND FUNCTIONAL CLASS IN PATIENTS WITH BIVENTRICULAR PACING
Authors: Reza Rafie, Salima Qamruddin, Nima Taha, Ali Ozhand, Tasneem Z. Naqvi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Abstract 2575: DNA microarray and connectivity map analysis reveals estrogen-like activity of Chinese medicinal formula Si-Wu-Tang
Authors: Mandy M. Liu, Zhining Wen, Zhijun Wang, Zhong Zuo, Moses S.S. Chow, Leming Shi, Ying Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract To pursue a systematic approach for discovery of potential mechanisms of action and new therapeutic use of traditional herbal medicines, we used DNA microarray, bioinformatics and the “Connectivity Map” (CMAP) analysis to investigate the gene expression profiling of Chinese herbal medicines. We demonstrated that this approach can be used to elucidate novel molecular mechanisms for the Chinese medicinal formula Si-Wu-Tang (SWT) which is widely used for women's health in Asian countries. The human breast cancer MCF-7 cells treated with beta-estradiol (E2, 0.1 µM) or SWT extract (0.0256, 0.256, and 2.56 mg/ml) for six hours showed significant gene expression changes. The differentially expressed genes related to SWT treatment were used to compare with the gene expression profiles of 1,309 compounds in the CMAP database. Such comparison revealed that the CMAP profile of E2-treated MCF-7 cells showed an excellent match with SWT treatment (permutation p&amp;lt;0.00001), consistent with SWT's widely claimed use for women's diseases and suggesting a phytoestrogen effect. Many genes strongly up-regulated by E2 were similarly upregulated by SWT, e.g., GREB1, a well-known estrogen regulated gene. Of interest with regard to the potential cancer preventive activity of SWT, the oncogenes MYBL1 and cyclin D1 were found to be strongly induced by E2 but not by SWT. In addition, SWT inhibited expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, but not ER-beta. Consistently, at low concentration (1.5 and 3.0 mg/ml), SWT stimulated MCF-7 (ER-positive) cell growth, while at high concentration (&amp;gt; 6.0 mg/ml), it inhibited the growth of MCF-7. The combination of SWT with tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, demonstrated enhanced growth inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cells. The results our study suggest that SWT may possess a non-toxic chemopreventive effect for human breast cancer. This study also demonstrated the feasibility of using microarray gene expression profiling in combination with the CMAP data mining to discover new molecular signature that are present in natural products. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2575. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2575
Abstract 316: Peritoneal carcinomatosis depends for growth and spreading on endogenous inflammatory cues generated by infiltrating macrophages
Authors: Lucia Cottone, Silvia Valtorta, Annalisa Capobianco, Antonella Monno, Sara Belloli, Ferruccio Fazio, Rosa Maria Moresco, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, Angelo A. Manfredi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Peritoneal carcinomatosis is the most common terminal feature of abdominal cancers. Interfering with the peritoneal immune microenvironment is a promising tool for combinational therapy. Preclinical studies on peritoneal carcinomatosis have been hampered by the limited availability of models as well as non-invasive methods to follow tumor growth. We set up ad hoc models via the orthotopic injection of murine cells lines in immuno-competent mice and followed tumor growth by imaging with [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-PET ([18F]-FDG-PET). Colon carcinoma (MC38), Mouse Ovarian Surface Epithelial Carcinoma cell line (MOSEC) of C57BL/6 origin and adenocarcinoma cells (TS/A) of Balb/C origin were injected intraperitoneally in syngeneic mice. The models nicely recapitulated the histological features of the human disease: carcinoma cells distributed along the cavity and yielded several masses attached to the peritoneal lining. Animals were longitudinally followed by imaging with [18F]-FDG-PET: tumor lesions selectively up-took the radioactive tracer and we observed a significant correlation between lesion dimension and metabolic radioactive volume. We characterized leukocyte composition of the peritoneal liquid of tumor bearing mice by multicolor flow cytometry, performing peritoneal lavage on live animals at various time points during tumor growth. Tumor spreading induced the recruitment of leukocytes, among which the most relevant population was represented by CD45+CD11b+F4/80+ monocytes/macrophages. The depletion of peritoneal monocytes/macrophages, via administration of clodronate encapsulated in liposomes, lead to a substantial reduction of tumor burden as well as leukocyte recruitment, and was paralleled by a decrement in the extent of radioactivity distribution when imaging mice with [18F]-FDG-PET. Moreover we found out that colon carcinoma cells upon in-vitro treatment with stress-inducing stimuli, such as starvation and chemotherapeutic agents exposure, produced factors involved in leukocytes recruitment: this behavior was directly linked to the activation of autophagic and apoptotic intracellular pathways. In conclusion, [18F]-FDG-PET imaging allowed the non-invasive detection of peritoneal adenocarcinoma lesions which spreading and growth was dependent on the production of factors involved in leukocytes recruitment, specifically on peritoneal monocytes/macrophages. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 316. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-316
RSV-encoded NS2 promotes epithelial cell shedding and distal airway obstruction
Authors: Rachael M. Liesman, Ursula J. Buchholz, Cindy L. Luongo, Lijuan Yang, Alan D. Proia, John P. DeVincenzo, Peter L. Collins, Raymond J. Pickles
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the major cause of bronchiolitis in young children. The factors that contribute to the increased propensity of RSV-induced distal airway disease compared with other commonly encountered respiratory viruses remain unclear. Here, we identified the RSV-encoded nonstructural 2 (NS2) protein as a viral genetic determinant for initiating RSV-induced distal airway obstruction. Infection of human cartilaginous airway epithelium (HAE) and a hamster model of disease with recombinant respiratory viruses revealed that NS2 promotes shedding of infected epithelial cells, resulting in two consequences of virus infection. First, epithelial cell shedding accelerated the reduction of virus titers, presumably by clearing virus-infected cells from airway mucosa. Second, epithelial cells shedding into the narrow-diameter bronchiolar airway lumens resulted in rapid accumulation of detached, pleomorphic epithelial cells, leading to acute distal airway obstruction. Together, these data indicate that RSV infection of the airway epithelium, via the action of NS2, promotes epithelial cell shedding, which not only accelerates viral clearance but also contributes to acute obstruction of the distal airways. Our results identify RSV NS2 as a contributing factor for the enhanced propensity of RSV to cause severe airway disease in young children and suggest NS2 as a potential therapeutic target for reducing the severity of distal airway disease.
Abstract 4191: Prognostic impact of phosphohistone H3 in cutaneous nodular melanoma
Authors: Rita G. Ladstein, Ingeborg M. Bachmann, Oddbjorn Straume, Lars A. Akslen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Aims: The mitotic marker Phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) is considered to facilitate counting of mitosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance and strength of PHH3 expression in a series of nodular cutaneous melanoma in comparison with other proliferation markers. Materials and methods: Standard sections of paraffin embedded tumor tissue from 345 cases of cutaneous melanoma of the nodular type were examined by immunohistochemistry, and PHH3 staining of tumor cells were recorded in an area of 1 mm2. In 92 cases, data on mitotic count and Ki-67 expression was available for comparison. The mitotic count was assessed on standard H&amp;E as number of mitoses per mm2, the immunohistochemical staining of Ki-67 was given as a percentage of positive tumour cells. Results: Increased PHH3 was strongly associated (p&amp;lt;0.001) with increased tumor thickness, presence of ulceration and tumor necrosis. Furthermore, high expression of PHH3 was correlated with increased mitotic count (p&amp;lt;0.001) and high Ki-67 expression (p=0.001). Univariate survival analysis showed significantly worse outcome in the cases with high PHH3 count (p&amp;lt;0.001). Increased PHH3 and tumor thickness were significant prognostic factors in multivariate survival analysis when included together with ulceration. In multivariate survival analysis of the subset of 92 cases, high PHH3 was a stronger predictor of patient outcome than Ki-67 expression and mitotic count. Conclusion: In this series of nodular melanomas, high PHH3 count was a significant predictor of poor prognosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4191. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4191
Novel Method of Committing Suicide
Authors: M. D. Macleod
Journal: BMJ (1882)

rigid, and there were violent and painful contractions of the muscles on the front and back of the chest.The general spasms also became more frequent, and sometimes occurred during sleep.The dose of gefsemiinum extract was then increased to forty minims every two hours.During the third day, there was a marked improvement in both tonic and clonic spasms; the medicine was continued in forty- mitim doses.By the close of the fourth day, the rigidity of the jaws was almost entirely relieved, and the general spasms recurrred at longer intervals, and with diminished violence.After this period, the improve.ment was rapid and regular, and the dose of gelseminum was reduced to twenty minims, at which it was continued till full convalescence.No remedy of any potency was used after the first six hours but the gelse- minum, and there can hardly be a doubt that the cure was the result of its use.The extract was fresh from the laboratory of Tilden and Co., and was given for a week in amounts closely approximating half an ounce to an ounce every twenty-four hours; it produced no other sensible effect than that of controlling the spasms and arresting the disease.There was no dizziness, no dimness of sight, no double vision, and no prostration of strength, as I have seen in other patients with other diseases from much smaller doses of the same preparation.So far as I am aware, this is the only instance, in the records of medicine, of the use of gelseminum in the treatment of tetanus, and the result bere is certainly encouraging.As the gelseminum exerts such powerful control over spasms of the voluntary muscles, I would advise its use in hydrophobia, and I would suggest that it be used hypodermically, whether in tetanus or in hydro- phobia.
Frequency of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene Mutations in Patients With a Clinical Diagnosis of Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia in a Clinical Setting
Authors: Fernando Civeira, Estibaliz Jarauta, Ana Cenarro, Angel L. García-Otín, Diego Tejedor, Daniel Zambón, Miguel Mallen, Emilio Ros, Miguel Pocoví
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Surgery for emphysema
Authors: Federico Venuta, Giulio Bognolo
Journal: BMJ (2006)

limit the main cofactor of disease progression through well designed public health campaigns and interventions capable of reducing alcohol intake.In addition, measures should be taken to reach people in prisons and intravenous drug addicts, still at high risk for disease acquisition and spread.At the same time, researchers and epidemiologists should continue to study the clinical course of HCV infection in those countries where the disease is still actively spreading in the general population. 12
THE EFFECT OF BILATERAL STELLATE GANGLION BLOCK ON THE CEREBRAL CIRCULATION IN NORMOTENSIVE AND HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS 1
Authors: M. H. Harmel, J. H. Hafkenschiel, G. M. Austin, C. W. Crumpton, S. S. Kety
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1949)

Hg HgHg Hg % %o % %
P421Is ischemic postconditioning really effective in protecting the human myocardium? The role of the protocol applied and of clinical conditions
Authors: K Casos, ML Perez, A Blasco-Lucas, JM Gracia, E Permanyer, C Sureda, A Igual, M Galinanes
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Ischemic heart disease is the major cause of death in developed countries and infarct size is the major determinant of prognosis. Ischemic postconditioning (IPostC), a sequence of short reperfusion-ischemia episodes after a prolonged ischemic period, has been proposed as a useful approach to reduce infarct size in all species, including humans, but its clinical utility remains unclear.
EEYTHKOPOIETIC PROTOPORPHYRIA IN SISTERS.
Authors: G. HOLTI, I.A. MAGNUS, C. RIMINGTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1963)

Journal Article EEYTHKOPOIETIC PROTOPORPHYRIA IN SISTERS. Get access G. HOLTI, G. HOLTI University Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne, 1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.A. MAGNUS, I.A. MAGNUS The Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. RIMINGTON C. RIMINGTON Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital Medical School, London, W.c.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 75, Issue 6, 1 June 1963, Pages 225–234, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1963.tb13556.x Published: 01 June 1963
Evaluation of Chronic Lower-Extremity Ischemia
Authors: John A. Mannick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

THE most common symptomatic arteriosclerotic lesion of the peripheral arteries is occlusion of the superficial femoral artery. Occlusive disease of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries is encountered less frequently but is nevertheless a common cause of ischemic symptoms in the lower extremities; in my experience, it occurs in combination with occlusive disease of the femoropopliteal arterial tree slightly more than 50 per cent of the time. The symptom ordinarily produced by occlusion of the superficial femoral artery is intermittent claudication with aching or tiredness of the calf muscles after walking, which is promptly relieved by rest. Claudication caused by . . .
Falciparum Malaria in Seamen
Authors: Wojciech A. Krotoski, Robert McReynolds, Victor Jackson, Raymond Novak, Brian Catto
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Three cases of<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>malaria in seamen, all acquired while working off tropical West Africa, and all in patients coming in for treatment at a New Orleans hospital during one six-week period, are described in the context of the importance of considering recent travel history for arrival at the correct diagnosis and treatment. Two of the three patients whose cases are reported had taken some form of malarial chemoprophylaxis during their voyage. (<i>JAMA</i>239:2778-2779, 1978)
Heritability of Coronary Artery Calcium Quantity Measured by Electron Beam Computed Tomography in Asymptomatic Adults
Authors: Patricia A. Peyser, Lawrence F. Bielak, Julia S. Chu, Stephen T. Turner, Darrell L. Ellsworth, Eric Boerwinkle, Patrick F. Sheedy
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Electron beam computed tomography is an accurate, noninvasive method to detect and quantify coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of subclinical and clinical coronary artery atherosclerosis. CAC quantity predicts future coronary artery disease end points in asymptomatic adults, but measured risk factors explain less than half the variability in CAC quantity. Although several candidate genes for CAC have been identified, the relative importance of genetic influences on CAC quantity has not been assessed in asymptomatic adults in a community. Methods and Results — We quantified the relative contributions of measured risk factors and genetic influences on CAC quantity measured by electron beam computed tomography in 698 asymptomatic white adults from 302 families. Before adjusting for any risk factors, 43.5% of the variation in CAC quantity was attributable to genetic factors ( P =0.0007). Independent predictors of CAC quantity were identified with stepwise linear regression. After adjusting for these risk factors, including age, sex, fasting glucose level, systolic blood pressure, pack-years of smoking, and LDL cholesterol, 41.8% of the residual variation in CAC quantity was attributable to genetic factors ( P =0.0003). Conclusions — These results demonstrate the importance of genetic factors in subclinical coronary atherosclerosis variation as measured by CAC quantity. The presence of genetic effects suggests that unknown genes that influence CAC quantity are yet to be identified.
Abstract 2902: Polymeric nanoparticles enhance the bioavailability of the chemopreventive compound SR13668 in beagle dogs
Authors: Aryamitra A. Banerjee, Hao Shen, Mathew Hautman, Jaseem Anwer, Izet M. Kapetanovic, Ying Liu, Alexander V. Lyubimov
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Chemopreventive compound SR13668 showed promising anti-cancer activity in several in vitro and in vivo models of cancer, including breast, lung, prostate, and ovary and it was proposed that SR13668 works through the modulation of PI3K/Akt pathway. However, low oral bioavailability substantially limited its development as a chemopreventive agent. A novel nano-formulation of SR13668 encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was produced with the aim to enhance the oral bioavailability of SR13668 in beagle dogs. A single gavage administration of SR13668 was performed at 2.8 mg/kg as nano-formulation and also as SR13668 in 0.5 % methylcellulose in 4 male and 4 female dogs. Whole blood and plasma samples withdrawn from these animals at different time points over 24 hr period were analyzed using LC-MS/MS method to obtain the systemic drug levels and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile achieved. In plasma the group mean highest concentration occurred at the 4 hr time point in both males (29.6 ng/mL) and females (27.9 ng/mL) whereas in whole blood the mean group peak occurred at 4 hr in males (51.7 ng/mL) and 6 hr in females (61.9 ng/mL). The animals dosed with SR13668 in methylcellulose had all levels below limit of quantitation (1.1 ng/mL) in both plasma and whole blood for all time points. This study was the first attempt of using nano-formulation to improve oral bioavailability of the chemopreventive compound SR13668 in large animals. The systemic levels achieved were high for this poorly bioavailable compound in dogs but were not to the desired levels and further work is needed to improve bioavailability using nano-formulations. Potential improvements that are planned for the SR13668 nano-formulations include using a high through-put screening method to optimize the conditions further, use of polyethyleneglycol- poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA) for SR13668 encapsulation and comparison with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PEG-b-PCL) and PLGA results to possibly obtain better absorption with increased stability in the gut and also placement of negative charges on the nano-particles using poly-acrylic acid (PAA) to facilitate the particle penetrating the mucus layer to increase bioavailability. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2902. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2902
Tr1 cell–dependent active tolerance blunts the pathogenic effects of determinant spreading
Authors: Gizi Wildbaum, Nir Netzer, Nathan Karin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the CNS. The current study shows that even in an acute episode of disease the autoimmune response spreads from one determinant on myelin basic protein (MBP) to the other linked determinant and that this spread plays a functional role in the pathogenesis of disease. The soluble form of each determinant could be used to induce Ag-specific T cell tolerance and reverse an ongoing disease. We show that the rapid effect of soluble peptide therapy is due to repolarization of autoimmune T cells undergoing activation. We suggest that at least two different types of regulatory T cells participate in the induction of active tolerance. The first, yet to be fully characterized, functions in an IL-4-dependent manner. The second produces high levels of IL-10 and low levels of IL-4 (Tr1). We bring about completing evidence showing that these Tr1 cells play a pivotal role in the regulation of T cell tolerance during determinant spread and that soluble peptide therapy with the determinant to which the autoimmune response spreads amplifies a de novo regulatory mechanism aimed to reduce the pathological consequences of determinant spreading.