tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metallothionein induction as a measure of response to metal exposure in aquatic animals.
Authors: G Roesijadi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Metallothioneins (MTs) are considered central in the intracellular regulation of metals such as copper, zinc, and cadmium. Increased MT synthesis is associated with increased capacity for binding these metals and protection against metal toxicity. Recent advances in the biochemistry and molecular biology of MTs have facilitated research on MTs in aquatic species. For the bivalve mollusc Crassostrea virginica, a species frequently used in studies on the toxicology and environmental monitoring of metals, the primary structure for MT has been deduced from analysis of the proteins and cDNA. Procedures for analysis of MT synthesis and MT gene expression have been applied in studies of response to metal exposure. Induction of specific MT forms by Cd is concentration- and time-dependent. The levels of MT-bound metals exhibit a strong relationship with the cytosolic metal concentrations in a metal-exposed natural population of oysters. Ribonuclease protection assays using sequence-specific antisense RNA probes have shown that the MT mRNA structure in this natural population exhibits considerable individual variability in the 3'-untranslated region. Although yet to be substantiated, the possibility exists that the distribution of this variability may be related to the level of environmental metal contamination. One probe derived from the coding region is suitable for use in quantitative RPAs for oyster MT mRNAs.
375 LIVER RADIOEMBOLIZATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: FEASIBILITY AND ANTITUMOR EFFECT
Authors: M. Inarrairaegui, J.I. Bilbao, A. Martinez-Cuesta, J. Arbizu, F. Alegre, J.I. Herrero, J. Quiroga, J. Prieto, B. Sangro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Impact of chymase inhibitor on cardiac function and survival after myocardial infarction
Authors: D Jin
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Recent studies have demonstrated that hamsters, like humans, possess both angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)- and chymase-dependent angiotensin (Ang) II-forming pathways in cardiovascular tissues. We recently found that, after myocardial infarction (MI) in hamsters, cardiac chymase was significantly activated. In order to determine whether suppression of cardiac chymase activity could provide prognostic benefit after MI, we examined the effects of NK3201, a novel, orally active and specific chymase inhibitor, on cardiac function and survival during the acute phase of MI in hamsters.Two hundred and ten male Syrian hamsters were used in the present study. The left coronary artery of each hamster was ligated to induce MI. NK3201 at a dose of 30 mg/kg per day was administered orally by gastric gavage, starting either 3 days before or 1 day after MI.ACE and chymase activities were significantly increased in the infarcted left ventricle 3 days after MI. NK3201 treatment starting 3 days before MI significantly inhibited the increase in cardiac chymase activity, while it did not affect ACE activity either in plasma or in heart 3 days after MI. A significant improvement in cardiac function was observed 3 and 14 days after MI in the group receiving NK3201. Compared with vehicle treatment, NK3201 treatment initiated either 3 days before or 1 day after MI significantly reduced the mortality rate during the 14 days of observation following MI.These findings indicate that cardiac chymase plays an important role after MI and this finding may provide a novel therapeutic target in post-MI treatment.
Abstract 1925: MHC class I-restricted MART-127-35 specific TCR engineered human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells exhibit polyfunctional properties
Authors: Swagatam Ray, Arvind Chhabra, Nitya G. Chakraborty, Antoni Ribas, James S. Economou, Bijay Mukherji
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The “polyfunctional” property of antigen specific T cells has turned out to be an important element in successful host immune responses in AIDS and in malignancies. We have shown that human CD4+ CD25- T cells engineered to express MHC Class I-restricted MART-127-35 epitope specific TCR show cytolytic activity, secret Th1 type cytokines. We have now carried out an extended analysis of the functional dimension of MART-127-35 epitope specific TCR engineered CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Freshly isolated circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, transduced with MART-127-35 epitope specific DMF5 TCR containing retrovirus, were tested for proliferative, cytokine secretory and for cytolytic capacity (polyfunctionality analyzed with intracytoplasmic immunofluorescence staining for IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MIP-1β and CD107a using the SPICE software). The TCR engineered CD4+ T cells were also tested for their potential for “helping” cytolytic T cells response by CD8+ T cells in in vitro CTL generation cultures. The TCR-engineered CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells were found to be polyfunctional. For example, they underwent multiple rounds of division following stimulation by peptide pulsed dendritic cells and by melanoma cells, synthesized multiple cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, MIP1ß) and lysed target cells. The TCR engineered CD4+ T cells also amplified the CD8+ CTL burst size in vitro. Multiparametric analyses revealed that a single TCR-engineered CD4+ T cell could perform as many as five different functions. Nearly 100% MART-127-35 specific TCR expressing CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells could be generated through retroviral vector-based transduction and one round of in vitro stimulation by the peptide pulsed DC. MHC class I-restricted tumor epitope specific TCR-transduced CD4+ T cells, therefore, could be useful in immunotherapeutic strategies for melanoma or other human malignancies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1925.
Association of Type 2 Diabetes With Cyclooxygenase-Mediated Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in an Elderly Population
Authors: Johanna Helmersson, Bengt Vessby, Anders Larsson, Samar Basu
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Involvement of cyclooxygenase (COX)-mediated inflammation in type 2 diabetes has not been studied, and the association between cytokine-mediated inflammation and diabetes is not fully clarified. Methods and Results— 15-Keto-dihydro-prostaglandin F 2α (a metabolite of prostaglandin F 2α and an indicator of COX-mediated inflammation), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid protein A (SAA), 8-iso-PGF 2α (a nonenzymatic, free radical product of arachidonic acid and an indicator of oxidative stress), and α-tocopherol were measured in a population-based sample of 77-year-old men (n=765), in which 112 men had type 2 diabetes. The inflammatory indicators were increased in men with diabetes (urinary 15-keto-dihydro-PGF 2α , P &lt;0.001, CRP and SAA, P &lt;0.05). However, when adjusted for body mass index, waist circumference, or fasting insulin, no association was found between diabetes and CRP or SAA. The oxidative stress indicator 8-iso-PGF 2α in urine was increased ( P &lt;0.01) in men with diabetes. Patients who were newly diagnosed with diabetes (&lt;7 years since diagnosis) had increased urinary 15-keto-dihydro-PGF 2α and decreased α-tocopherol, but 8-iso-PGF 2α was unaltered. Conclusions— This is the first study to show that type 2 diabetes in elderly men is related to COX-mediated inflammation, reflected by enhanced prostaglandin formation. The high levels of cytokine-mediated acute-phase proteins observed in men with diabetes appear to be related to obesity and increased fasting insulin. The results further suggest that the appearance of chronic inflammation is an early process in the pathogenesis of diabetes, whereas oxidative injury may be a later process, possibly related to inflammation.
Atlas of Anatomy
Authors: Gerald Cortright
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in autoimmune hepatitis. A long-term follow-up in 473 Swedish patients
Authors: Mårten Werner, Sven Almer, Hanne Prytz, Stefan Lindgren, Sven Wallerstedt, Einar Björnsson, Annika Bergquist, Hanna Sandberg-Gertzén, Rolf Hultcrantz, Per Sangfelt, Ola Weiland, Åke Danielsson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Palpitation Rates Associated with Fluorocarbon Exposure in a Hospital Setting
Authors: Frank E. Speizer, David H. Wegman, Alberto Ramirez
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

THE use of aerosols containing fluorocarbons has been implicated as being responsible for deaths in specific environmental exposures. Excess mortality in asthmatic children and young adults in England and Wales was associated with the use of fluorocarbon-containing aerosols of isoproterenol.1 The asthma mortality, which generally was sudden and unexpected, was believed to be the result either of excess sympathomimetic stimulation in association with hypoxemia or of the fluorocarbon propellant used as the aerosol.2 3 4 Since 1967, deaths from what has been termed "aerosol sniffing" have occurred in increasing numbers in this country.5 , 6 Numerous aerosol products containing fluorocarbons as propellants, including frying-pan . . .
Glitazones, Glycemia, and Global Health Status
Authors: William L. Isley
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

The recent study by Raskin et al. (1) failed to emphasize three important points. In the study (1), the mean weight gain was 4.0 and 5.3 kg for the study groups given rosiglitazone 4 and 8 mg/day, respectively. No range of weight change or standard deviation was given, making it impossible to appreciate the maximum and minimum weight changes of this 26-week trial. It would be interesting to see if any factors predicted weight change for combination therapy. Furthermore, the authors failed to comment …
<i>BMJ</i> appoints its first woman editor
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The BMJ has appointed its first woman editor since the journal was founded in 1840. Dr Fiona Godlee, who is currently head of BMJ Knowledge, another part of the BMJ Publishing Group, takes up her post in mid-March. She replaces Dr Richard Smith, who left the journal in July last year.

Dr Godlee, who qualified in 1985, trained as a general physician before joining the BMJ as an assistant editor in 1990. She spent a year at Harvard …
Calcium-dependent DNA damage and adenosine 3?,5?-cyclic monophosphate- independent glycogen phosphorylase activation in anin vitro model of acetaminophen-induced liver injury
Authors: V M Salas, G B Corcoran
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol [APAP]) hepatotoxicity is a process characterized by Ca 2+ deregulation. Cellular functions utilizing Ca 2+ as a second messenger molecule affect both cytosolic and nuclear signal transduction. Many studies have independently shown Ca 2+ - related effects on target molecules in response to toxic doses of APAP; however, the primary Ca 2+ target resulting in liver necrosis has not been determined. We hypothesize that Ca 2+ -dependent DNA damage is a critical event in liver necrosis caused by alkylating hepatotoxins. In this study, Ca 2+ -dependent endonuclease activity was determined from DNA single-strand lesions measured by fluorometric analysis of DNA unwinding. The status of cytosolic Ca 2+ was determined by measuring Ca 2+ -dependent activation of glycogen phosphorylase a. Primary cultures of mouse hepatocytes exposed to a toxic concentration of APAP showed twofold and greater increases in glycogen phosphorylase a stimulation at 6 hours, which was reversible with Ca 2+ -chelating agents. Cell death was preceded by a large decline in intact, double-stranded DNA. Following toxic administration of APAP, the percentage of total double- stranded DNA was significantly reduced by 2 hours. At 6 and 24 hours, genomic integrity was compromised by 26% and 37%, respectively, compared with untreated controls. Hepatotoxic effects of APAP-mediated Ca 2+ deregulation were confirmed in both primary mouse hepatocytes and the human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell line by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and tetrazolium reduction using the 3-4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide thiazol blue(MTT) assay. The Ca 2+ chelator, ethylene glycol-bis (β-aminoethyl ether) N ′, N ′, N ′, N ′- tetraacetic acid (EGTA), blocked APAP-induced phosphorylase a activation and necrotic cell death, but failed to inhibit phosphorylase a activation by the adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) analogue, dibutyryl cAMP, indicating little or no contribution of the cAMP pathway to phosphorylase a stimulation during APAP-induced necrotic death. Results with these in vitro models of liver injury are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that increased Ca 2+ availability plays a major role in the progression of APAP-dependent cellular necrosis, and that the nucleus is a critical target for APAP hepatotoxicity.
Response to radiation incidents and radionuclear threats
Authors: István Turai, Katalin Veress, Bengül Günalp, Gennadi Souchkevitch
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Response to radiation incidents and radionuclear threatsMedical treatment should be given only when safe to do so Editor-Turai et al reviewed the medical response to radiation incidents and radionuclear threats. 1 Puzzlingly, they say that providing care for a patient in a life threatening condition always has priority over decontamination from radioactive materials or those actions required for the safety of others involved (medical staff, emergency rescue teams) or related to the wider public and environment. 1I disagree.This statement will encourage inexperienced staff to disregard the safety of themselves and others in a "heroic" attempt to treat those ill and injured.The latest edition of the Major Incident Medical Management and Support Course rightly emphasises self and scene safety over that of survivors. 2Experience has shown again and again that well meaning but poorly trained or equipped rescue and medical staff are highly likely to become further victims. 3As an example, the article points out that some of the 28 radiation deaths from the Chernobyl disaster of 1986 were among fire fighters.Medical treatment should be given only when it is safe to do so: poorly considered and risky actions will simply lengthen the list of casualties.
Suicide Rates for Young People
Authors: Lois A. Fingerhut
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Recently released 1985 mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics<sup>1</sup>raise doubts about the conclusion of Paul C. Holinger, MD, MPH, that suicide among 15- to 24-year-olds has leveled off.<sup>2</sup>The 1985 death rate from suicide reached 12.9 per 100 000, the second consecutive year with an increase. From 1979 to 1983, the death rate from suicide decreased by 4%. However, the rate increased by 5% in 1984 and by 3% in 1985. Furthermore, the trend among 15- to 24-year-olds masks different trends among teenagers 15 to 19 years old and young adults aged 20 to 24 years. Among teenagers, the suicide death rate increased from 1979 to 1981, remained constant from 1981 to 1983, and then increased in 1984 and 1985. Among young adults aged 20 to 24 years, suicide mortality declined from 1979 to 1983, increased by 5% in 1984, and
Clinical Evaluation Of New Viral Vectored Vaccines Targeting The Plasmodium Falciparum Blood-Stage Antigens; Msp1 And Ama1
Authors: Susanne Sheehy, Christopher Duncan, Nicholas Anagnostou, Sean Elias, Fenella Halstead, Katharine Collins, Katie Ewer, Nick Edwards, Alexander Douglas, Katherine Gantlett, Alison Lawrie, Eleanor Berrie, Sarah Moyles, Carole Long, Robert Sinden, Andrew Blagborough, Jittawadee Murphy, Alfredo Nicosia, Adrian Hill, Simon Draper
Journal: Journal of Infection (2011)
Compound EGFR Mutations and Response to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Susumu Kobayashi, Hannah M. Canepa, Alexandra S. Bailey, Sohei Nakayama, Norihiro Yamaguchi, Michael A. Goldstein, Mark S. Huberman, Daniel B. Costa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Iopamidol as Contrast Medium in Endoscopic Retrograde Pancreatography: A Prospective Randomised Comparison with Diatrizoate
Authors: H. J. O'Connor, W. R. Ellis, A. P. Manning, D. J. Lintott, M. J. McMahon, A. T. R. Axon
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

See also: Serum Enzyme Changes after ERCPEndoscopy 1989; 21(04): 197-197DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1012944
Methotrexate Therapy for Psoriasis
Authors: David W. Nierenberg
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A BRIEF REPORT<sup>1</sup>and an editorial<sup>2</sup>in the June 24 issue of<i>JAMA</i>concerned the unexpected development of pancytopenia after low-dose oral methotrexate therapy, often used in patients with severe psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis. While such bone marrow toxic reactions are fortunately uncommon, they can be severe or even lethal.<sup>3,4</sup>Such cases may be thought to represent an idiosyncratic reaction to methotrexate, possibly caused by a patient's "hypersensitivity" to the drug. However, the articles in the recent issue of<i>JAMA</i>raise several possible explanations for this unexpected toxic reaction to methotrexate, including deterioration in renal function (with decreased methotrexate clearance), displacement of methotrexate from albumin by another drug (although this was appropriately believed to be an unlikely explanation), metabolic stress or infection, or coadministration of another folate antagonist. Two other important concepts were not discussed in these reports. First, methotrexate is a cell cycle—specific
Hans Selye's life a tribute to basic research
Authors: J. Kangilaski
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What Transplantation Can Teach Us about Health Care Reform
Authors: Martin Benjamin, Carl Cohen, Eugene Grochowski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Organ transplantation has been targeted for elimination or reduction in many proposed schemes of health care reform13. Although recent figures suggest a dramatic increase in cost effectiveness,4 transplantation is expensive and its exclusion is defended in the name of justice. This is ironic, because no part of the health care system has done more to resolve questions of justice than transplantation. As we try to reform health care, much may be learned from our experience in this area.Dealing with ScarcityIn response to the limited supply of organs, the transplantation system has developed fair and efficient principles . . .
Plasma kinetics of a cholesterol‐rich microemulsion in subjects with heterozygous β‐thalassemia
Authors: Flávio A. Naoum, Sandra F.M. Gualandro, Maria da Conceição M. Latrilha, Raul C. Maranhão
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Patients with β‐thalassemia trait have been reported to present lower plasma concentrations of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and lower frequencies of acute myocardial infarction than normal subjects. In this study, the metabolism of LDL was tested in 12 patients with heterozygous β‐thalassemia trait (HBT) and 13 healthy subjects without the disease by determining the plasma kinetics of an artificially made cholesterol‐rich microemulsion (LDE) that mimics the LDL metabolism and binds to LDL receptors. The emulsion was labeled with 14 C‐cholesterol ester and injected intravenously into the subjects. Blood samples were drawn at regular intervals over 24 hr to determine the plasma decay curve of the emulsion radioactive label and to estimate its plasma fractional clearance rate (FCR, in hr −1 ). FCR of the 14 C‐cholesterol ester was greater in HBT compared to controls (0.0631 ± 0.0178 hr −1 and 0.0501 ± 0.0094 hr −1 , respectively; mean ± SD, P = 0.022). No differences were found regarding LDL cholesterol plasma concentration between the two groups, but apolipoprotein B concentration was lower in HBT than in control subjects (80 ± 44 and 96 ± 14, respectively; mean ± SD, P = 0.026). Our results show that LDE FCR is increased in HBT, indicating that LDL clearance is increased in patients with β‐thalassemia trait possibly due to the increased proliferation in the bone marrow of erythroid precursors. Am. J. Hematol. 77:340–345, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Meta-analysis identifies multiple loci associated with kidney function–related traits in east Asian populations
Authors: Yukinori Okada, Xueling Sim, Min Jin Go, Jer-Yuarn Wu, Dongfeng Gu, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Atsushi Takahashi, Shiro Maeda, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda, Peng Chen, Su-Chi Lim, Tien-Yin Wong, Jianjun Liu, Terri L Young, Tin Aung, Mark Seielstad, Yik-Ying Teo, Young Jin Kim, Jong-Young Lee, Bok-Ghee Han, Daehee Kang, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Li-Ching Chang, S-J Cathy Fann, Hao Mei, Dabeeru C Rao, James E Hixson, Shufeng Chen, Tomohiro Katsuya, Masato Isono, Toshio Ogihara, John C Chambers, Weihua Zhang, Jaspal S Kooner, Eva Albrecht, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Naoyuki Kamatani, Norihiro Kato, Jiang He, Yuan-Tsong Chen, Yoon Shin Cho, E-Shyong Tai, Toshihiro Tanaka
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)