tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lipoprotein lipase regulates Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis by macrophages maintained in glucose-deficient medium.
Authors: B Yin, J D Loike, Y Kako, P H Weinstock, J L Breslow, S C Silverstein, I J Goldberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

During periods of intense activity such as phagocytosis, macrophages are thought to derive most of their energy from glucose metabolism under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. To determine whether fatty acids released from lipoproteins by macrophage lipoprotein lipase (LPL) could substitute for glucose as a source of energy for phagocytosis, we cultured peritoneal macrophages from normal and LPL knockout (LPL-KO) mice that had been rescued from neonatal demise by expression of human LPL via the muscle creatine kinase promoter. Normal and LPL-KO macrophages were cultured in medium containing normal (5 mM) or low (1 mM) glucose, and were tested for their capacity to phagocytose IgG-opsonized sheep erythrocytes. LPL-KO macrophages maintained in 1 and 5 mM glucose phagocytosed 67 and 79% fewer IgG-opsonized erythrocytes, respectively, than macrophages from normal mice. Addition of VLDL to LPL-expressing macrophages maintained in 1 mM glucose enhanced the macrophages' phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized erythrocytes, but did not stimulate phagocytosis by LPL-KO macrophages. Inhibition of secreted LPL with a monoclonal anti-LPL antibody or with tetrahydrolipstatin blocked the ability of VLDL to enhance phagocytosis by LPL-expressing macrophages maintained in 1 mM glucose. Addition of oleic acid significantly enhanced phagocytosis by both LPL-expressing and LPL-KO macrophages maintained in 1 mM glucose. Moreover, oleic acid stimulated phagocytosis in cells cultured in non-glucose-containing medium, and increased the intracellular stores of creatine phosphate. Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, but not of glycolysis, blocked the capacity of oleic acid to stimulate phagocytosis. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of acetyl LDL by macrophages from LPL-expressing and LPL-KO mice was similar whether the cells were maintained in 5 or 1 mM glucose, and was not augmented by VLDL. We postulate that fatty acids derived from macrophage LPL-catalyzed hydrolysis of triglycerides and phospholipids provide energy for macrophages in areas that have limited amounts of ambient glucose, and during periods of intense metabolic activity.
AstraZeneca takes legal action to delay generic quetiapine in US
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

AstraZeneca has filed a lawsuit against the US Food and Drug Administration in a bid to delay the entry into the market of generic versions of its successful drug quetiapine fumarate (Seroquel).

The patent covering quetiapine, an antipsychotic, expired last September, with paediatric exclusivity due to expire on 26 March. The entry of generic versions is expected to halve AstraZeneca’s earnings from the drug in the US.

AstraZeneca’s lawsuit seeks an injunction against the FDA granting final marketing approval for generic versions until 2 December …
Gluten-free diet in dermatitis herpetiformis.
Authors: D B McClelland
Journal: BMJ (1977)

observers have noted, that night visiting rates are higher in the north of England and in Scotland.2 -4 Finally, while congratulating Mr Buxton and his colleagues on their excellent paper, I consider their last paragraph to be mistaken.Each doctor must decide, and then take responsibility for, any action following a request for a night call.This will depend on his knowledge of the patient and the circum- stances, and not on any 'consensus' of explicit criteria.
A woman with a suprarenal mass and hypertension
Authors: H Kahal, E Cooper, R Sriraman, D V Coppini
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A woman presented to surgeons with abdominal discomfort in 1990. She underwent abdominal computed tomography, which showed a large incidental right suprarenal mass (fig 1⇓). Follow-up scans suggested a benign stable adenoma, measuring 49×60 mm, and the decision was made not to operate. An endocrine opinion was not sought. Her medical history included hypertension. Fig 1 Abdominal computed tomography scan showing a suprarenal mass (arrow) In June 2006, at the age of 69, she re-presented with peritonitis, and a laparotomy showed a thickened wall cyst at the duodeno-jejunal junction. During elective excision of the cyst in April 2007, it was difficult to achieve haemodynamic stability. An unplanned resection of the suprarenal mass was performed concomitantly. The cyst stained strongly positive for CD117. Figure 2⇓ shows the patient’s clinical features. Fig 2 The patient’s clinical features ### Short answers Fig 3 The patient’s clinical features. The black arrow points to a neurofibroma and the pink arrow points to a café au lait macule
The spectrum of nail involvement in palmoplantar pustulosis
Authors: A.D. BURDEN, D. KEMMETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Abnormalities of the nail are not a well recognized feature of palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP). However, in a group of 50 patients with PPP, we found nail dystrophy in 15 (30%). The most frequent pattern was subungual pustulation, present in 10 patients, and progressing to nail destruction in two. Onycholysis and pitting of the nail were present in a few patients. In contrast to psoriasis vulgaris, the rate of linear nail growth in PPP was no greater than in matched normal controls. This is another clinical feature of PPP that separates it from psoriasis vulgaris.
Who should have their cholesterol concentration measured? What experts in the United Kingdom suggest.
Authors: D. Leitch
Journal: BMJ (1989)

General practitioners are being encouraged to participate in preventive care, including preventing coronary heart disease. Now that they can measure cholesterol concentrations in their surgeries they need to decide which patients should be screened. Several reports on measuring cholesterol concentrations in the United Kingdom were reviewed to see if experts agreed about who ought to be screened. The results showed that currently no national consensus exists, making it difficult for general practitioners to plan policies for their patients.
A prospective study of 338 patients with polycythemia vera: the impact of JAK2 (V617F) allele burden and leukocytosis on fibrotic or leukemic disease transformation and vascular complications
Authors: F Passamonti, E Rumi, D Pietra, C Elena, E Boveri, L Arcaini, E Roncoroni, C Astori, M Merli, S Boggi, C Pascutto, M Lazzarino, M Cazzola
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
Syntaxin-binding protein 5 exocytosis regulation: differential role in endothelial cells and platelets
Authors: David Lillicrap
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Details of the pathophysiologic mechanisms that underlie complex disorders, such as the thrombo-occlusive events associated with myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism, are challenging to address. Recent advances have been made through the application of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify genetic loci associated with plasma levels of procoagulant proteins and risk of thrombotic disease. GWAS have consistently identified the gene encoding syntaxin-binding protein 5 (STXBP5) in this context. STXBP5 is expressed in both endothelium and platelets, and SNPs within the STXBP5 locus have been associated with plasma levels of vWF and increased venous thrombosis risk. In this issue of the JCI, two complementary reports from the laboratories of Charles Lowenstein and Sidney Whiteheart describe studies that highlight the complexity of the function of STXBP5 in control of storage granule development and exocytosis in platelets and endothelium. Together, these studies demonstrate that STXBP5 differentially regulates exocytosis in these two cell types. While STXBP5 facilitates granule release from platelets, it inhibits secretion from the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) of endothelial cells.
Letter: Unusual nystagmus after ethchlorvynol use
Authors: A. H. Ropper
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE CLINICAL SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH INTERCAPILLARY GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS
Authors: WILLIAM B. PORTER
Journal: JAMA (1941)

In 1936 Kimmelstiel and Wilson<sup>1</sup>reported on a group of 8 patients showing a striking hyaline thickening of the intercapillary connective tissue, most clearly seen at the hilus of the glomeruli. They felt that the change was degenerative and suggested that arteriosclerosis and diabetes mellitus played a part in its causation. The most significant clinical features of their cases were diabetes mellitus, usually of long duration, edema of the nephrotic type, gross albuminuria and varying degrees of hypertension. This report is concerned with an analysis of the clinical and laboratory features of 8 patients who had mild diabetes mellitus, 6 of these showing at autopsy the intercapillary lesions in the glomeruli as described by Kimmelstiel and Wilson. Permission for autopsy on the other 2 was not obtained but we feel that their clinical course justifies the conclusion that they too would have shown these changes in the kidney. <h3>REPORT</h3>
Renal expression of FGF23 and peripheral resistance to elevated FGF23 in rodent models of polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Daniela Spichtig, Hongbo Zhang, Nilufar Mohebbi, Ivana Pavik, Katja Petzold, Gerti Stange, Lanja Saleh, Ilka Edenhofer, Stephan Segerer, Jürg Biber, Philippe Jaeger, Andreas L. Serra, Carsten A. Wagner
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Isolation and immunobiochemical characterization of a major allergen (65 kDa) from <i>Fusarium equiseti</i>
Authors: J. Verma, S. Sridhara, D. Rai, S. V. Gangal
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Fusarium equiseti is one of the most important species in the class Deuteromycetes (Fungi Imperfecti). For proper diagnosis and immunotherapy, isolation and characterization of allergens of F. equiseti are necessary. In the present study, culture filtrate (CF) extract of F. equiseti was resolved into 35–37 bands on isoelectric focusing pi (3–9) and SDS‐PAGE (mol. wt. 10–100 kDa). Most of them were glycoproteins, as identified by PAS staining. F. equiseti CF revealed 15 allergenic proteins on immunoblot with an allergic serum pool. It was fractionated into nine fractions (I–IX) on a Superose‐12 column by FPLC. Fraction IV (65 kDa) and fraction VI (25 kDa) were found to be highly allergenic by IgE ELISA. A 65‐kDa protein was observed as a major allergen because it was recognized by most of the patient sera on immunoblot. After elution from SDS‐PAGE gel, it gave two bands of pi 7.4 and 6.0. Inhibition in IgE‐binding components of F. equiseti CF with CF extracts of F. soiani and F. moniliforme by immunoprint inhibition assay indicated the allergenicity shared between the extracts of Fusarium species. Data suggested that the 65‐kDa is the major allergen in the Fusarium species and can he used for the treatment of allergic patients.
Prostaglandin E1 induces vascular endothelial growth factor-A in human adult cardiac myocytes and coronary artery smooth muscle cells
Authors: Thomas W. Weiss, Mohammad R. Mehrabi, Christoph Kaun, Karina Plesch, Walter S. Speidl, Jan Bialy, Christoph Springer, Dietmar Glogar, Kurt Huber, Gerald Maurer, Johann Wojta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
THE TREATMENT OF EMPYEMA.
Authors: JAMES H. DUNN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The average treatment of empyema is still far from satisfactory and decidedly behind the present state of surgical science. Tardy diagnosis, inefficient drainage and slovenly after-treatment are the most frequent causes of failure, retarded convalescence and great deformity, results which, though much less frequent than formerly, are not seldom encountered at this late day. The operative treatment of the disease is too often undertaken by those unfamiliar with modern surgical methods. It is high time that a greater respect for the chest should be impressed upon practitioners who appear to regard the treatment of pleural suppurations lightly, and as a fair field for any one able to insert a tube and diligently use a syringe. The rational treatment of suppurating pleurisies is simple and well known to competent surgeons. Early diagnosis, prompt and efficient drainage, and aseptic after-treatment summarize the whole matter. It is only in the details of technique
Dibucaine Hydrochloride in the Control of K-Strophanthoside-Induced Ventricular Tachycardia and Other Toxic Manifestations
Authors: A. SIDNEY HARRIS, ABDO BISTENI, GEORGE A. PETTIT, CALVIN W. HOFFPAUIR
Journal: Circulation (1954)

Dibucaine hydrochloride in relatively small doses terminated high frequency ventricular tachycardia induced by toxic doses of K-strophanthoside in 9 of 10 dogs. Dibucaine was antidotal to glycoside-induced vagotonia and improved the alertness and apparent general condition of the animals that received it. One death occurred in the 10 strophanthoside tachycardia animals treated with dibucaine, a mortality rate of 10 per cent. Four deaths occurred in seven dogs that received similar doses of strophanthoside but no dibucaine, a mortality rate of 57 per cent.
Mouth leak with nasal continuous positive airway pressure increases nasal airway resistance.
Authors: G N Richards, P A Cistulli, R G Ungar, M Berthon-Jones, C E Sullivan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Nasal congestion, dry nose and throat, and sore throat affect approximately 40% of patients using nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The mechanisms causing nasal symptoms are unclear, but mouth leaks causing high unidirectional nasal airflow may be important. We conducted a study to investigate the effects of mouth leak and the influence of humidification on nasal resistance in normal subjects. Nasal resistance was measured with posterior rhinomanometry in six normal subjects who deliberately produced a mouth leak for 10 min while using nasal CPAP. Nasal resistance was measured regularly for 20 min after the challenge. A series of tests were performed using air at differing temperatures and humidities. There was no change in nasal resistance when subjects breathed through their noses while on CPAP, but a mouth leak caused a large increase in resistance (at a flow of 0.5 L/s) from a baseline mean of 2.21 cm H2O/L/s to a maximum mean of 7.52 cm H2O/L/s at 1 min after the challenge. Use of a cold passover humidifier caused little change in the response (maximum mean: 8.27 cm H2O/L/s), but a hot water bath humidifier greatly attenuated the magnitude (maximum mean: 4.02 cm H2O/L/s) and duration of the response. Mouth leak with nasal CPAP leads to high unidirectional nasal airflow, which causes a large increase in nasal resistance. This response can be largely prevented by fully humidifying the inspired air.
Abstract 5321: Tyrosine kinase activation by the metastasis promoting protein S100A4
Authors: Ida Grotterød, Kjetil Boye, Gunhild Mari Mælandsmo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract S100A4 is a protein linked to increased invasion and metastatic potential of cancer cells and the significance of S100A4 as a prognostic marker has been reported for different tumor types. It has no enzymatic activity and exerts its functions through interaction with other proteins, both intracellularly and in the extracellular space. Many functions and biological effects of S100A4 have been elucidated, but the detailed knowledge on receptor(s) affected and signaling pathways induced are not completely revealed. Induction of metastasis resembles changes occurring during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it has been suggested that several of the metastases promoting properties of S100A4 is caused by involvement in this process. In a previous study we identified a set of 136 genes affected by extracellular S100A4. Induced expression of some of these genes was validated and found to be dependent on NF-κB signaling. In the osteosarcoma cell line used, S100A4 activated NF-κB through IKK and IκBα phosphorylation, and the induced signal transduction was found independent of the previously suggested S100-receptor RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products). In the present study, tyrosine kinase arrays (PamGene) were utilized to screen for substrates phosphorylated by S100A4-activated kinases. Comparing levels of substrate phosphorylation, S100A4 stimulation significantly affected 32 substrates, including EGFR and PDGFR. EGFR and PDGFR phosphorylation has been validated using western immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. The EGFR inhibitors AG 1478 and gefitinib reduced the level of basal and S100A4-induced EGFR phosphorylation. Interestingly, reduced levels of S100A4-induced IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB activation were also observed. The mechanisms of EGFR activation are under further investigation. Of particular interest, EGFR could be activated by ligands cleaved from the cell membrane in a process involving ADAM activity, referred to as ectodomain shedding. Thus, we are in the process of testing the effect of ADAM inhibitors in our cell system and characterize the expression of specific ADAMs. Insight into the signaling mechanisms induced by S100A4 is important to understand how this protein is involved in the biological processes constituting the metastatic cascade and will provide valuable information for identification of novel therapeutic targets. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5321. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5321
No evidence of fatal bacterium is found in maternity unit where two mothers died
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Two mothers who picked up group A streptococcus ( Streptococcus pyogenes ) infections and died within 24 hours of each other after giving birth at the same hospital in the south of England died of natural causes, a coroner has ruled.

Grahame Short, coroner for mid-Hampshire, recorded the verdicts in the cases of Jasmine Pickett, 29, and Amy Kimmance, 39, whose babies were both delivered at the Royal Hampshire County Hospital in Winchester on 21 December 2007.

Both were discharged but were readmitted after becoming seriously ill at home. Mrs Kimmance, who gave birth to a girl, died on 23 December, and Mrs …
1020-6 Delineation of Three-Dimensional Geometry of Intracardiac Blood Flow Jets and Proximal Flow Convergence Regions in Patients with Flow Abnormalities by Volume-Rendered Three-Dimensional Echocardiography via Transthoracic Imaging
Authors: Alain Delabays, Lissa Sugeng, Qi-Ling Cao, Gerald Marx, Mani Vannan, Steven Schwartz, Tsui-Lieh Hsu, Shuenn-Jiin Ho, Chen-Huan Chen, Natesa Pandian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Species With the Genus Campylobacter-Reply
Authors: Thomas A. Webb
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In Reply.—  Nelson Wiegman's letter has helped to demonstrate the confusion that exists regarding the nomenclature of species within the genus Campylobacter .  Initially, the various species of Campylobacter were considered to be contained within the genus Vibrio , but because of glucose fermentative and DNA composition differences, Vibrio and Campylobacter species were separated. Essentially two Campylobacter human pathogens have been described and, until recently, had been termed C jejuni or C fetus subspecies jejuni and C fetus subspecies intestinalis . 1  Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus is the current term used rather than C fetus subspecies intestinalis , and it seems that C jejuni is now preferred rather than C fetus subspecies jejuni . 1,2   This recent change in terminology explains why Wiegman was unable to find reference to the C fetus subspecies fetus organism in the articles we used to support our discussion.  Our isolate was identified by Gram's stain morphological testing, catalase and
High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Minna Soinio, Jukka Marniemi, Markku Laakso, Seppo Lehto, Tapani Rönnemaa
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—To investigate in a follow-up study whether high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) events in subjects with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The original study population consisted of 1,059 patients with type 2 diabetes (age 45–64 years). Mean duration of diabetes was 8 years. CRP values were available from 1,045 subjects, of whom 878 were free of myocardial infarction (MI) at baseline. CHD mortality and the incidence of nonfatal MI were assessed in a 7-year follow-up. RESULTS—Altogether, 157 patients died from CHD and 254 had a nonfatal or fatal CHD event. Patients with hs-CRP &amp;gt;3 mg/l had a higher risk for CHD death than patients with hs-CRP ≤3 mg/l (19.8 and 12.9%, respectively, P = 0.004). In Cox regression analysis, patients with high hs-CRP had a relative risk of 1.72 for CHD death even after the adjustment for confounding factors (P = 0.002). Among subjects who were free from MI at baseline, those with a high hs-CRP level had relative risks of 1.83 (P = 0.003) and 1.84 (P = 0.004) for CHD death in univariate and multivariate analyses, respectively. CONCLUSIONS—In this large cohort of type 2 diabetic patients, hs-CRP was an independent risk factor for CHD deaths.
THERAPY WITH ADULT BONE MARROW-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AMELIORATES DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Santosh K. Sanganalmath, Atul R. Chugh, Manjunatha R. Benakanakere, Robert J. Vincent, Greg Hunt, Roberto Bolli, Buddhadeb Dawn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Treatable Brain Diseases in the Elderly
Authors: Robert Raskind
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with considerable interest the MEDICAL NEWS item "Treatable Brain Diseases in the Elderly" by May Annexton (240:1325, 1978). There is no doubt that correlation between reversibility of brain disease in the elderly does require a better understanding of disease processes. Early and accurate diagnosis is an important factor in obtaining various degrees of improvement. Conspicuous by its absence in the reported conference is an exclusion of the surgical lesions that are amenable to early detection and definitive surgical procedures. These include the chronic subdural hematoma, which can be treated by simple evacuation; the occasional brain tumor, which is treated by extirpation; the condition of normal pressure hydrocephalus, which responds nicely to shunt procedures; and states of cerebral hypoperfusion, which respond to either extracranial vascular arterial reconstruction or superficial temporalmiddle cerebral artery bypass. All of these conditions have been present with us for various lengths of