tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Entrainment/Mapping Criteria for the Prediction of Termination of Ventricular Tachycardia by Single Radiofrequency Lesion in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Ashraf El-Shalakany, Tomy Hadjis, Panos Papageorgiou, Kevin Monahan, Laurence Epstein, Mark E. Josephson
Journal: Circulation (1999)

A variety of mapping criteria have been proposed to localize critical sites at which radiofrequency (RF) can predictably terminate reentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) caused by coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of using a combination of 3 mapping criteria in predicting termination of VT by a single RF lesion.Fifteen consecutive patients with coronary artery disease and recurrent sustained VT underwent an attempted RF ablation of 20 monomorphic VTs. Successful termination of VT by a single RF lesion was predicted if all the following mapping criteria were met: (1) an exact QRS match in the 12-lead ECG during entrainment; (2) a return cycle length </=10 ms of the VT cycle length; (3) presystolic potentials (<70% of VT cycle length) with an activation time to the QRS within 10 ms of the stimulus to QRS. Inability to meet these 3 criteria was considered to predict failure of VT termination by RF energy at that site. RF ablation was applied to 44 left ventricular sites in 20 VTs at which at least 1 of the mapping criteria was met. VT was terminated with a single RF lesion in 19 of 19 sites meeting all criteria; RF failed to terminate VT at 24 of 25 sites at which all 3 criteria were not met (P<0.0005).To maximize success and minimize the number of RF lesions in patients with infarct-related VT, all the above 3 mapping criteria should be met before the application of RF energy.
Chronic Persistent Hepatitis: Serological Classification and Meaning of the Hepatitis B e System
Authors: Jan Aldershvile, Odd Dietrichson, Peter SkinhøJ, Peter Kryger, Lars R. Mathiesen, Per Christoffersen, Jens O. Nielsen
Journal: Hepatology (1982)

In order to evaluate the prognostic implications of the hepatitis B e system in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 53 consecutive patients were studied. Fourteen of 16 patients with HBsAg and HBeAg were followed from 12 to 120 months (mean, 38 months). Eleven of the 14 patients were persistently HBeAg positive and five of these developed chronic active hepatitis (CAH) or cirrhosis. A further nine patients were HBsAg positive but HBeAg negative at time of CPH diagnosis (mean follow–up, 47 months). One of these nine patients developed CAH during follow–up. The remaining 28 patients were all HBsAg negative, and only 2 of the 28 patients progressed to CAH or cirrhosis during the time of follow–up (mean, 43 months). It is concluded that the persistence of HBeAg in patients with CPH indicates a serious prognosis with a frequent transition to CAH or cirrhosis.
Physical Activity, Cardiovascular Fitness, and Insulin Sensitivity Among U.S. Adolescents
Authors: Giuseppina Imperatore, Yiling J. Cheng, Desmond E. Williams, Janet Fulton, Edward W. Gregg
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The purpose of this study was to examine the association of physical activity and cardiovascular fitness (CVF) with insulin sensitivity in a nationally representative sample of U.S. youth.The study included 1,783 U.S. adolescents (11% Mexican American, 14% non-Hispanic black, 63% non-Hispanic white, and 12% other) aged 12-19 years who were examined in the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Physical activity was assessed by questionnaire and expressed in units of MET hours per week. Predicted maximal oxygen uptake (Vo(2max), expressed in milliliters per kilogram of body weight per minute), a measure of CVF, was determined by a submaximal multistage treadmill test. Insulin sensitivity was defined by the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index.Boys were more likely than girls to be highly active (>or=30 MET h/week; 51 vs. 37%, P < 0.001) and had higher levels of CVF (mean Vo(2max) 47 vs. 39 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), P < 0.001). Sex-specific multiple regression models controlled for age, race/ethnicity, and BMI showed that in boys, high levels of physical activity and high levels of CVF were significantly and positively associated with insulin sensitivity (beta = 0.84, P < 0.001 and beta = 0.82, P = 0.01, respectively). Among girls, insulin sensitivity was not significantly associated with physical activity or with CVF but was inversely and significantly associated with BMI.Increasing physical activity and CVF may have an independent effect of improving insulin sensitivity among boys. For girls, the primary role of physical activity may be in weight maintenance.
Case 8-1961
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. Kibbee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

Presentation of Case A forty-two-year-old gravida 2, para 2, was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain. Two days previously she experienced the onset of crampy pain over the left iliac crest. It varied in intensity and was accompanied by a sensation that a bowel movement might afford relief. An enema yielded a moderate amount of soft stool but did not relieve the pain. The pain increased in intensity and was present over the entire abdomen, especially the lower portion. On the day before entry there was bilateral shoulder pain, especially with deep respirations or coughing. The patient was . . .
Daily Walking Combined With Diet Therapy Is a Useful Means for Obese NIDDM Patients Not Only to Reduce Body Weight But Also to Improve Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Kunio Yamanouchi, Takashi Shinozaki, Kiwami Chikada, Toshihiko Nishikawa, Katsunori Ito, Shoji Shimizu, Norihito Ozawa, Yoichiro Suzuki, Hitoshi Maeno, Katsumi Kato, Yoshiharu Oshida, Yuzo Sato
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of walking combined with diet therapy (1,000–1,600 kcal/day) on insulin sensitivity in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects were divided into two groups: 10 patients were managed by diet alone (group D), and 14 patients were placed in the diet and exercise group (group DE). Group DE was instructed to walk at least 10,000 steps/day on a flat field as monitored by pedometer (19,200 ± 2,100 steps/day), and group D was told to maintain a normal daily routine (4,500 ± 290 steps/day). A glucose clamp procedure at an insulin infusion rate of 40 mU · m−2 · min−1 was performed before and after the 6-; to 8-week training program. Mean serum insulin concentrations ranged from 720 to 790 pmol/l. RESULTS While body weight (BW) in groups D and DE decreased significantly (P &amp;lt; 0.01) during the study, the amount of BW reduction in group DE was &amp;gt; that in group D (7.8 ± 0.8 vs. 4.2 ± 0.5 kg, P &amp;lt; 0.01). After training, glucose infusion rate (GIR) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR) in group D did not significantly increase; however, GIR and MCR increased significantly in group DE, from 17.21 ± 1.11 to 26.09 ± 1.11 μmol·kg−1 · min−1 (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and from 3.0 ± 0.3 to 5.3 ± 0.4 ml·kg−1 · min−1 (P &amp;lt; 0.001), respectively. The analysis of variance showed significant effects of exercise (time × exercise, P = 0.0005) for the improvement of MCR. Significant correlations were also observed between Δ MCR and average steps per day (r = 0.7257, P &amp;lt; 0.005) in group DE. CONCLUSIONS Walking, which can be safely performed and easily incorporated into daily life, can be recommended as an adjunct therapy to diet treatment in obese NIDDM patients, not only for BW reduction, but also for improvement of insulin sensitivity.
Shortage of Hospital Nurses
Authors: CHARLES H. WHITE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1982Shortage of Hospital NursesCHARLES H. WHITE, PH.D.CHARLES H. WHITE, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-2-248 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article "The Shortage of Hospital Nurses: A New Perspective" (1), is not a new perspective at all. California Hospital Association has studied the nursing shortage extensively over the past 5 years and published 25 to 30 reports. Sometimes, the reality our member hospitals describe to us and the data they report agree with the remarks of Aiken and colleagues and in some instances they disagree rather sharply.Perhaps Aiken and colleagues are attempting to present a national picture, seeking general, rather than specific truths. But some of their statements simply are not believable in California.1....Reference1. AIKENBLENDONROGERS LRD. The shortage of hospital nurses: a new perspective. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:365-72. LinkGoogle Scholar1. MOSESLEVINE EE. Registered nurses today: a statistical profile. In: AIKEN LH, ed. Nursing in the 1980s: Crises, Opportunities, Challenges. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company; 1982. In press. Google Scholar2. . Hospital Statistics 1972. Chicago: American Hospital Association; 1973. Google Scholar3. . Hospital Statistics 1980. Chicago: American Hospital Association; 1980. Google Scholar4. . Hospitals, August 1972. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Labor; 1972. Google Scholar5. . Hospitals and Nursing Homes, September 1978. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Department of Labor: 1978. Google Scholar6. MAHANWHITE PC. The Employment of Registered Nurses by California Hospitals: Summary 1977-1979. Sacramento, California: California Hospital Association; 1980. Google Scholar7. MAHANWHITE PC. A Study of the Recruitment of Registered Nurses by California Hospitals and Nursing Homes. Sacramento, California: California Hospital Association; 1978. Google Scholar1. AIKENBLENDONROGERS LRD. The shortage of hospital nurses: a new perspective. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:365-72. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: California Hospital Association Sacramento, CA 95814 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNurses Back to WorkCHARLES H. WHITE, PH.D 1 February 1982Volume 96, Issue 2Page: 248-249KeywordsResearch design Issue Published: 1 February 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
CURRENT STATUS OF DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF ENCEPHALITIS
Authors: Gerald M. Silverman
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Encephalitis is a primary inflammatory process in the brain, with resulting disturbance of brain function. For clinical purposes, the disease can be said to be infectious or postinfectious. For the most part, the infectious encephalitides are caused by intracellular parasites: viruses and, less commonly, rickettsiae. The great epidemic of encephalitis in the 1920's (the so-called von Economo's type of encephalitis) is believed to belong in the virus infection group, although no agent was ever isolated.<sup>1</sup>All of the bacterial, mycotic, treponemal, and parasitic meningitides can cause an associated encephalitis in the underlying brain, but these are generally classified with the meningitides. The postinfectious encephalitides are believed to represent damage to the nervous system as a part of an allergic response to a preceding infection, usually viral. The entity of postvaccinal encephalitis, similar clinically and pathologically to postinfectious encephalitis, is an occasional complication of vaccination with a virus vaccine (i.
A piece of my mind. Heartpains
Authors: J. K. Izes
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sweat production in the isolated eccrine sweat gland of the rat
Authors: B.B. MICHIAK-MIKOLAJCZAK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

A method has been developed to isolate a single rat eccrine sweat gland, together with the attached sweat duct, and to induce sweat secretion directly from the gland in vitro. Sweat production was induced using carbachol (2 × 10−5 M to 3 × 10−5 M) and methacholine (2 × 10−5 M) in isolated planter sweat glands maintained in a suitable environment (modified Krebs‐Ringer bicarbonate at 38°C containing 30% w/v fresh rat serum). The output of sweat was measured every 5 minutes for 85 minutes and the maximal final volume obtained with any one gland was 23 nl. Sweat production ceased on adminstration of appropriate concentrations of atropine (1 × 10−5 M to 5 × 10−5M), withdrawal of calcium ions from the bathing fluid, and reduction of the medium temperature to 4°C.
Global Dispersal and Ancient Cryptic Species in the Smallest Marine Eukaryotes
Authors: Jan Šlapeta, Purificación López-García, David Moreira
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Small eukaryotic species (<1 mm) are thought to behave as prokaryotes in that, lacking geographical barriers to their dispersal due to their tiny size, they are ubiquitous. Accordingly, the absence of geographical insulation would imply the existence of a relatively small number of microeukaryotic species. To test these ideas, we sequenced and compared several nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genes from the isolates of a marine picoeukaryotic alga (∼2 μm), Micromonas pusilla, collected worldwide. Independent and combined phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that this traditional single morphospecies actually comprises several independent lineages, some of which are shown to be ubiquitous in oceans. However, while some lineages group closely related strains, others form distant clusters, revealing the existence of cryptic species. Moreover, molecular dating using a relaxed clock suggests that their first diversification may have started as early as during the Late Cretaceous (∼65 MYA), implying that “M. pusilla” is the oldest group of cryptic species known to date. Our results illustrate that global dispersal of a picoeukaryote is possible in oceans, but this does not imply a reduced species number. On the contrary, we show that the morphospecies concept is untenable because it overlooks a large genetic and species diversity and may lead to incorrect biological assumptions.
Effect of Hydroxymethylglutaryl Coenzyme-A Reductase Inhibitors on the Long-Term Progression of Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: Francesco Antonini-Canterin, Luis M. Moura, Roxana Enache, Elisa Leiballi, Daniela Pavan, Rita Piazza, Bogdan A. Popescu, Carmen Ginghină, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Nalini M. Rajamannan
Journal: Circulation (2010)

At present, no medical therapy is known to affect the progression of rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS). We sought to assess the effect of statin treatment on long-term progression of MS in a large population.From our 20-year database, we identified all patients with rheumatic MS with > or =2 echocardiographies > or =1 year apart. Exclusion criteria were previous intervention on the mitral valve, more than moderate aortic regurgitation, or symptoms at first examination. The study sample included 315 patients (mean age, 61+/-12 years; 224 women); 35 patients (11.1%) were treated with statins, and 280 (88.9%) were not. Mean follow-up period was 6.1+/-4.0 years (range, 1 to 20). The rate of decrease in mitral valve area was significantly lower in the statin group compared with the untreated group (0.027+/-0.056 versus 0.067+/-0.082 cm(2)/y; P=0.005). The annualized change in mean transmitral gradient was lower in statin-treated patients (0.20+/-0.59 versus 0.58+/-0.96 mm Hg/y; P=0.023). The prevalence of fast MS progression (annual change in mitral valve area >0.08 cm(2)) was significantly lower in the statin group (P=0.008). An increase in systolic pulmonary artery pressure of >10 mm Hg was found in 17% of patients in the statin group versus 40% of untreated patients (P=0.045).Our study shows a significantly slower progression of rheumatic MS in patients treated with statins. These findings could have an important impact in the early medical therapy of patients with rheumatic heart disease.
DIABETES IS A RISK FACTOR FOR IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AND RECURRENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL REGISTRY OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION 4-5
Authors: Quang T. Bui, Vanessa Reddy, Joan Jacobs, Susan Begelman, Paul Frederick, Dave Miller, William French
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Defect in messenger RNA for human hemoglobin synthesis in beta thalassemia
Authors: Edward J. Benz, Bernard G. Forget
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Functional messenger RNA for human hemoglobin synthesis was prepared from reticulocyte lysates of patients with homozygous beta thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. The messenger RNA stimulated the synthesis of human globin chains by a cell-free system derived from Krebs mouse ascites cells. In the presence of beta thalassemia messenger RNA, the system synthesized much less beta chain than alpha chain whereas in the presence of sickle cell anemia messenger RNA, nearly equal amounts of alpha and beta chains were synthesized. The beta/alpha synthetic ratios obtained in the cell-free system were similar to those obtained by incubating intact beta thalassemia and sickle cell anemia reticulocytes in the presence of radioactive leucine. The experiments provide direct evidence of a defect in messenger RNA for beta chains as a cause for the decreased synthesis of beta chains observed in beta thalassemia.
Associations of cord blood fatty acids with lymphocyte proliferation, IL-13, and IFN-γ
Authors: Diane R. Gold, Ben M. Willwerth, Kelan G. Tantisira, Patricia W. Finn, Bianca Schaub, David L. Perkins, Arthur Tzianabos, Ngoc P. Ly, Christian Schroeter, Fiona Gibbons, Hannia Campos, Emily Oken, Matthew W. Gillman, Lyle J. Palmer, Louise M. Ryan, Scott T. Weiss
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Effect of Glucagon on Gastric Secretion in Man
Authors: A. G. Melrose
Journal: Gut (1960)

Glucagon suppresses gastric acid secretion in normal subjects and in ulcer patients. It has no inhibitory effect while the stomach is under maximal histamine stimulation. The mechanism of action is discussed, and experiments are described which indicate that glucagon is unlikely to be of value in the treatment of peptic ulcer.
Delayed Gastric Emptying and Gastric Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Christophe E.M. De Block, Ivo H. De Leeuw, Paul A. Pelckmans, Dirk Callens, Emöke Máday, Luc F. Van Gaal
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—Delayed gastric emptying and/or gastrointestinal symptoms occur in 30–50% of diabetic patients. Known contributing factors are autonomic neuropathy and acute hyperglycemia, but the role of gastric autoimmunity has never been investigated, although 15–20% of type 1 diabetic patients exhibit parietal cell antibodies (PCAs). We studied gastric motility in diabetes in relation to PCA status, autonomic nerve function, HbA1c, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Helicobacter pylori (HP), acid production, and gastric histology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Gastric emptying of solids and liquids (measured by 13C-octanoic acid and 13C-glycine breath tests, respectively) was tested in euglycemic conditions in 42 type 1 diabetic patients (male/female: 29/13; 15 PCA+; mean age 40 ± 15 years; mean HbA1c 7.8 ± 0.9%). Gastrointestinal symptoms, autonomic nerve function (Ewing tests), PCA status (indirect immunofluorescence), gastric histology, and acid secretion (pentagastrin) were assessed. RESULTS—Solid gastric emptying was delayed in 40% and liquid emptying in 36% of patients. Gastric motility did not correlate with symptoms. PCA status, gastric morphology, and acid secretion were similar in those with and without gastroparesis. HbA1c level (β = 1.34, P = 0.011) was the only risk factor for delayed solid emptying in a logistic regression model testing HbA1c, autonomic nerve function, PCA, HP status, age, sex, diabetes duration, and TSH. Half-emptying time for liquids correlated with TSH level (r = 0.83, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and autonomic neuropathy score (r = −0.79, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS—We found that ∼50% of type 1 diabetic patients studied had delayed gastric emptying that did not correlate with symptoms. Gastric autoimmunity did not contribute to diabetic gastroparesis. Metabolic control was worse in patients with delayed solid emptying.
Bone Scintigraphy in Myelofibrosis
Authors: DAVID A. EPSTEIN, AARON A. ALTER, EMANUEL J. LEVIN, ALEXANDER WASHINGTON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

Bone scintigraphy in five of seven patients with a diagnosis of myelofibrosis confirmed by bone marrow biopsy demonstrated increased uptake of diphosphonate in the metaphyseal ends of long bones, particularly around the knees. Four of the positive cases underwent sulfur colloid bone marrow scintigraphy and demonstrated peripheral marrow expansion. Positive bone scans could not be related to the abnormalities in bone marrow biopsies or skeletal radiographic findings. It is postulated that in addition to the known increased bone blood flow in myelofibrosis, the peripheral marrow expansion causes specifically increased blood flow to the metaphyseal ends of long bones with consequent augmented uptake of bone seeking radionuclides in these regions.