tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Electrophoretic profiles of nonhistone nuclear proteins of human hearts with muscular subaortic stenosis.
Authors: C C Liew, M J Sole, M D Silver, E D Wigle
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

Muscular subaortic stenosis (MSS) is a genetically determined cardiomyopathy, whereas right ventricular infundibular hypertrophy (IH) apparently is an acquired condition. Since genetic expression in eukaryotic cells may be regulated primarily by DNA-associated proteins, we isolated and characterized the proteins of heart nuclei from nine patients with MSS, eight with IH, and two with normal (N) hearts. More than 150 proteins could be identified by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteins in the entire region from pH 7.0 to 9.0 with molecular weights (Mr) ranging from 35,000 to 41,000 and a protein focusing from pH 5.2 to 5.3 with Mr of 55,000 were strikingly reduced in MSS. Again the electrophoretic patterns of N and IH were similar. The electrophoretic patterns of nonhistone nuclear protein (NHNP) in MSS relative to N showed a striking resemblance to those demonstrated previously for the early stage (myolytic phase) of hamster cardiomyopathy relative to the matched control. Since NHNP interacting with DNA appears to play a major role in genetic expression, it is possible that some of the manifestations of MSS could be due to different components of NHNP in the affected hearts.
HIV-1 macrophage tropism is determined at multiple levels of the viral replication cycle.
Authors: R A Fouchier, M Brouwer, N A Kootstra, H G Huisman, H Schuitemaker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The ability of HIV-1 to infect macrophages is thought to be essential in AIDS pathogenesis. We tested the ability of 19 primary virus isolates to infect monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) from different donors. Two HIV-1 isolates were able to establish a productive infection in MDM from all donors tested, whereas eight completely lacked this capacity. Next to these isolates with extreme phenotypes, 50% of the primary isolates under study displayed an intermediate phenotype. These intermediate macrophage-tropic isolates established a productive infection in MDM from some but not all donors tested. PCR analysis demonstrated that the capacity to replicate in MDM could be determined at the previously described level of virus entry. However, for intermediate macrophage-tropic isolates replication was abrogated at the level of reverse transcription. Entry of highly macrophage-tropic isolates resulted in efficient completion of the reverse transcription process, whereas entry of intermediate macrophage-tropic isolates did not. Our experiments indicate that primary HIV-1 isolates may differ in their dependency on cellular factors required for reverse transcription in MDM. Differences in susceptibility of MDM for in vitro HIV-1 infection suggest variation in the availability of these cellular factors between MDM from different individuals.
The interesting question of the neurotic heart
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2008)

You can tell the age of an old book to within 20 or 30 years by such attributes as its font, the paper on which it is printed, and its cover. For example, there was a vogue at the end of the 19th century for covers of heavy boards with bevelled edges and coloured the deepest burgundy. They gave to the volume a weightiness that was not merely physical: read me and be serious, they seemed to say on behalf of the book within.

Medical works were often produced in this format, and I have a small collection of them. A surprising proportion of them are inscribed “With the compliments of the author,” suggesting either that they were more often given away by their …
Effect of antiandrogen treatment on hepato-cellular carcinoma
Authors: B MATSUURA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

A rapid and quantitative flow cytometric method simultaneously identifying cells that incorporated a gene of interest in a transient electroporation and discriminating between dead, live and apoptotic states in a single measurement is presented. An expression vector encoding the gene of interest was cotransfected with a plasmid carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Subsequently, the cultured cells were stained with 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) without fixation and were subjected to a multivariate analysis. The value of the method and its high reproducibility were demonstrated on Jurkat cells. Those cells were transiently transfected with a construct expressing a short C-terminal fragment of presenilin 1 (PS1-f) known to show anti-apoptotic properties. The PS1-f gene was under the control of the tetracycline-responsive transactivator.
A Case of Gouty Arthritis to Tophi on 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Kimiteru Ito, Ryogo Minamimoto, Miyako Morooka, Kazuo Kubota
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We report a case of gouty arthritis with tophi that was evaluated using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography. A 77-year-old man with a history of gouty attacks was admitted with severe polyarticular pain and fever. 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/CT demonstrated focal uptake at multiple joints, including the juxta-articular soft-tissue-density masses of the elbows, and the bases of bilateral large toes. Gouty arthritis should be considered with focal 18F-FDG uptake in juxta-articular soft-tissue-density masses (tophi) with or without associated erosions.
Nursing Homes After Nuclear War: Neglected Medical Resources
Authors: Fredrick T. Sherman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In assessing the medical resources in the United States after a massive nuclear attack, Abrams<sup>1</sup>neglects the nursing home. My analysis of the additional beds and personnel in nursing homes shows how the total number of available beds (hospital plus nursing home) in the postattack period is doubled and new options for subacute, long-term, and rehabilitative care of casualties are made available (Table). Using the same death and incapacitation rates and urban locations as Abrams and excluding beds allocated for psychiatric patients, there will be more beds in nursing homes in the postattack period than in short- and long-stay hospitals (283,841<i>v</i>273,000).<sup>2</sup>This estimate for available nursing home beds is conservative for the following reasons. (1) Most nursing homes have been built in the past 20 years and are probably sounder structurally than older hospitals. (2) Most nursing homes are one or two stories,
Exemptions should be encouraged in frail elderly people
Authors: M. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The Tara Oceans project claimed to identify five new RNA virus phyla which "are dominant in the oceans". However, their own analysis assigns 28,353 of their RdRp-containing contigs to known phyla vs. 886 (2.8%) to the five claimed new phyla combined. When reads are mapped to species-like clusters of contigs, the most abundant claimed phylum "Taraviricota" accounts for only 3.8% of the reads and the second-most abundant "Artiviricota" for 0.36% of reads. Viral origin of novel contigs is not definitively established. Claims of high accuracy in taxonomy classification are shown to be overstated.
Defect in the membrane expression of high affinity 72-kD Fc gamma receptors on phagocytic cells in four healthy subjects.
Authors: J L Ceuppens, M L Baroja, F Van Vaeck, C L Anderson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Three different receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (FcR) have been characterized on human leukocytes. We have identified four healthy members of one family, whose blood phagocytic cells lack functional 72 kD high-affinity FcRI. Their monocytes were unable to bind the Fc portion of mouse (m)-IgG2a and of monomeric human IgG, and they were unreactive with two anti-FcRI monoclonal antibodies. Thus, FcRI is either absent, expressed at very low density, or is so structurally altered as to be unable to bind both its ligand and the anti-FcRI antibodies. The failure to bind the Fc portion of mIgG2a underlies the previously reported inability of these monocytes to support T cell mitogenesis on OKT3 stimulation. FcRI was not inducible upon incubation of their monocytes or neutrophils in gamma interferon. However, their monocytes were able to bind aggregated human IgG, and to phagocytose IgG-coated particles in vitro. Both functions could be blocked with a monoclonal antibody to the 40-kD low-affinity FcRII and therefore apparently were mediated exclusively through FcRII. This also demonstrates that FcRII can mediate phagocytosis independently. Despite the FcRI defect, these subjects had no circulating immune complexes, no evidence of autoimmune pathology and no increased susceptibility to infections.
The T Cell Surface—How Well Do We Know It?
Authors: Edward J. Evans, Lawrence Hene, Lisa M. Sparks, Tao Dong, Christelle Retiere, Janet A. Fennelly, Raquel Manso-Sancho, Jill Powell, Veronique M. Braud, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Andrew J. McMichael, Simon J. Davis
Journal: Immunity (2003)
Physician Prescribing of Sterile Injection Equipment To Prevent HIV Infection: Time for Action
Authors: Scott Burris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Injection drug users, their sex partners, and their children are at high risk for acquiring HIV infection and other bloodborne diseases. The risk for disease transmission in the United States is partly the result of restricted access to sterile injection equipment. Physicians and pharmacists can play an important role in providing syringe access by prescribing and dispensing syringes to patients who use injection drugs and cannot or will not enter drug treatment. Prescribing and dispensing injection equipment are ethical, clinically appropriate, and fully consistent with current public health guidelines on disease prevention. An analysis of the laws of the 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico finds that physicians in nearly all these jurisdictions may legally prescribe sterile injection equipment to prevent disease transmission among drug-using patients and that pharmacists in most states have a clear or reasonable legal basis for filling the prescriptions. Given these medical and legal findings, physicians may wish to take a larger role in improving access to sterile injection equipment by prescribing this equipment for their patients where this practice is legal, and by joining efforts to change the law where it poses a barrier.
Dasatinib (BMS-354825) is active in Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic myelogenous leukemia after imatinib and nilotinib (AMN107) therapy failure
Authors: Alfonso Quintas-Cardama, Hagop Kantarjian, Dan Jones, Claude Nicaise, Susan O'Brien, Francis Giles, Moshe Talpaz, Jorge Cortes
Journal: Blood (2006)
The Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
Authors: William D. Lerner, Harold J. Fallon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The alcohol withdrawal syndrome, with its wide range of clinical presentations, is readily identifiable yet often overlooked in the general hospital population. In some hospitalized patients, mild to moderate symptoms of alcohol withdrawal may not be recognized by a physician. However, physician awareness of the ominous implications of delirium tremens, the most severe form of the syndrome, is appropriately high.An established diagnosis of alcohol withdrawal syndrome has important clinical implications. Its presence serves as a cornerstone for the diagnosis of alcoholism and usually reflects the severity of the disease.1 Moreover, the clinical features of alcohol withdrawal demonstrate a major . . .
Cellular and molecular events during chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells grown in a three-dimensional hyaluronan based scaffold
Authors: Gina Lisignoli, Sandra Cristino, Anna Piacentini, Stefania Toneguzzi, Francesco Grassi, Carola Cavallo, Nicoletta Zini, Liliana Solimando, Nadir Mario Maraldi, Andrea Facchini
Journal: Biomaterials (2005)
Tc-99m Sestamibi Imaging of a Hyperfunctioning Parathyroid Autograft With Doppler Ultrasound and MRI Correlation
Authors: CLARA C. CHEN, AHALYA PREMKUMAR, SUVIMOL C. HILL, MONICA C. SKARULIS, ALLEN M. SPIEGEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The authors describe a case In which Tc-99m sestamibi demonstrated increased vascularlty and uptake in a hyperfunctioning autograft in a patient with recurrent hyperparathyroidism and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Findings were confirmed by differential parathyroid hormone levels in antecubital venous blood samples, ultrasound with color Doppler, MRI, and surgery.
Barbiturates in Survival Kits
Authors: Kenneth Sanders
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A 29-year-old man was brought to the Emergency Room by his family, who reported that he had taken an overdose of phenobarbital after an argument with his wife. He was a chronic user of barbiturates. When first seen, the patient was unresponsive to all stimuli, and his breathing was shallow at a tidal volume of 100 ml and a rate of 10/min. The patient was intubated, gastric lavage was performed, and he received intravenous fluids and furosemide for diuresis. Peritoneal dialysis was begun and continued until the patient was placed on high-flow hemodialysis for four hours. At the end of four hours, the patient was responsive to painful stimuli. Peritoneal dialysis was continued until the patient made a recovery. Notable in this case was that the patient consumed approximately eight hundred 32-mg capsules, for a total of about 24 gm of phenobarbital. Also notable was the source,
Advanced trauma life support.
Authors: R. D. Dodds
Journal: BMJ (1992)

drugs.A prostaglandin E1 analogue reverses the deleterious effect of giving corticosteroid, as we previously showed for indomethacin.Piper et al concluded that their study might have missed an effect of corticosteroids alone on peptic ulcer disease as less than 8% of the patients they studied were taking doses of over 30 mg/day.Though we do not yet have data from humans, particularly on the rate of regenerative repair of peptic ulcers during treatment with corticosteroid, we do not believe that a clinically relevant effect of these drugs on human peptic ulcer disease in the absence of concomitant non-steroidal anti- inflammatory treatment has yet been ruled out.On this, as on the potential protective effects of prostaglandins and acid reducing agents, insufficient data are available.
Proliferation of hepatic stellate cells is inhibited by phosphorylation of CREB on serine 133.
Authors: K Houglum, K S Lee, M Chojkier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Proliferating, activated, hepatic stellate cells have a high level of collagen type I expression. Therefore, stellate cell proliferation is a critical step in hepatic fibrosis. Here we show that proliferation of activated primary rat stellate cells was blocked by elevation of cAMP with 8 Br-cAMP or isomethylbutyl xanthine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and by stimulation of Ca2+ fluxes with the Ca2+ ionophore A-23187. Because phosphorylation of CREB on Ser133 is an important mediator of cAMP-protein kinase (PKA) and Ca2+-calmodulin kinase II (CAMK-II) activation, we tested whether CREB-PSer133 was essential for stellate cell quiescence. Nuclear extracts from quiescent, but not from activated, stellate cells contained CREB-PSer133. Moreover, the phosphorylation of CREB on Ser133 was stimulated in activated cells by inducing the activity of PKA or CAMK-II. In addition, coexpression of CREB and either a constitutively active PKA or a constitutively active CAMK-II inhibited the proliferation of activated stellate cells. In contrast, expression of CREB alone, PKA or CAMK-II alone, CREB-Ala 133 (which lacks the Ser133 phosphoacceptor) with PKA or CAMK-II, or CREB with inactive PKA or CAMK-II mutants did not affect stellate cell proliferation, suggesting that CREB-PSer133 is necessary for blocking the stellate cell cycle. Conversely, expression of a trans-dominant negative CREB-Ala 133 mutant (which competes with CREB/CREB-PSer133 for cognate DNA binding sites and presumably for protein interactions) induced a greater than fivefold entry into S-phase of quiescent stellate cells, compared with control cells expressing either beta-galactosidase or wt CREB, indicating that CREB-PSer133 may be indispensable for the quiescent stellate cell phenotype. This study suggests that PKA and CAMK-II play an essential role on stellate cell activation through the induction of CREB phosphorylation on Ser133, and provides potential approaches for the treatment of hepatic fibrogenesis in patients with chronic liver diseases.
Intraaortic Balloon Pumping for Ventricular Septal Defect or Mitral Regurgitation Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: HERMAN K. GOLD, ROBERT C. LEINBACH, CHARLES A. SANDERS, MORTIMER J. BUCKLEY, ELDRED D. MUNDTH, W. GERALD AUSTEN
Journal: Circulation (1973)

The intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) has been employed in the management of five patients with ventricular septal rupture (VSD) and six patients with acute mitral regurgitation (AMR) following myocardial infarction. All patients were in cardiogenic shock which responded poorly to medical therapy including pressor and inotropic agents. IABP resulted in significant clinical and hemodynamic improvement in all cases. In patients with VSD, IABP produced a fall in wedge (PCW) pressure from 17 ± 4 ( sd ) to 13 ± 4 mm Hg ( P &lt; 0.01) while mean arterial pressure increased from 68 to 73 mm Hg. Systemic A-V O 2 difference fell from 9.7 ± 2.4 to 8.1 ± 2.4 vol % ( P &lt; 0.05) while pulmonary A-V O 2 difference was unchanged. Thus the pulmonic/systemic flow ratio (P/S) declined in all patients. In patients with AMR, PCW fell from 25 ± 4 to 20 ± 4 mm Hg ( P &lt; 0.02) with a significant diminution in "V"-wave amplitude. Cardiac output (CO) rose from 3.1 ± 0.9 to 3.7 ± 1.0 liters/min ( P &lt; 0.01). All patients underwent coronary angiography without complication in preparation for emergency surgery. IABP reduces AMR following acute myocardial infarction and reduces the P/S in VSD by a selective augmentation of systemic CO. Such direct therapy acutely stabilizes these severely ill patients. Detailed angiography may then be performed safely.
Acute Infusion of Synthetic Angiotensin II in Patients with Essential Hypertension
Authors: ANTONIO I. VAGNUCCI, DAVID P. LAULER, ROGER B. HICKLER, GEORGE W. THORN
Journal: Circulation (1964)

Angiotensin II (1- l -asparaginyl-5- l -valyl angiotensin octapeptide) infused intravenously in subjects with idiopathic hypertension caused depression of the renal hemodynamics in all of them. In agreement with the findings of other investigators, more than one third of the patients showed a decrease in the rate of the sodium excretion; in the remaining subjects, the pressor infusion increased the excretion of sodium. In all the hypertensive patients, angiotensin II favored renal reabsorption of water. From the available evidence, it appears that angiotensin II acts upon the renal tubules. The reason for the opposite effect on sodium excretion in hypertensive patients remains unexplained.
Sigmoid perforation caused by a migrated biliary stent and closed with clips
Authors: N. Alcaide, S. Lorenzo-Pelayo, M. Herranz-Bachiller, C. de la Serna-Higuera, J. Barrio, M. Perez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 73-year-old man was admitted with sharp tenderness in the left iliac fossa, peritonitis, fever, and leukocytosis. The patient had undergone an endoscopic retrograde cholangiography 15 days earlier, which showed choledocholithiasis and benign biliary stricture. The stones were extracted and a 10-Fr, 12-cm plastic biliary stent was inserted. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that the biliary stent had migrated and caused sigmoid colon perforation with mild pneumoperitoneum ([Fig. 1]). Sigmoidoscopy was carried out after colon preparation with enema. It showed extensive diverticulosis in the sigmoid colon and the stent was 30 cm from the anus. Its tip had perforated the wall of the sigmoid colon, near the diverticula ([Fig. 2]). The stent was atraumatically removed with foreign body forceps. A punctate perforation ([Fig. 3]) was closed with two through-the-scope clips and an endoloop ([Fig. 4]). Broad-spectrum antibiotics were commenced, but 5 days later, the patient developed fever. A CT scan showed a 4-cm abscess in the pelvis. The antibiotics were continued and after five days another follow-up CT scan showed no evidence of an abscess. The patient was discharged 14 days after admission.
Labour's health policy is having paradoxical effect in Iberian countries
Authors: J. Gene-Badia
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—British health policies have considerable influence in southern Europe. In the mid-1980s, Iberian countries began to reform primary health care. The changes were based on the implementation of multidisciplinary teams with responsibility for covering the primary healthcare needs of a geographically delimited area. Gradually these organisations lost their enthusiasm and built a bureaucratic structure, losing the original client-oriented approach.

In the early 1990s, because of British influence, the public health sector wanted to improve efficiency. Catalonia developed an internal health market, and …
Increasing Rates of Depression
Authors: Peter S. Mueller
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I believe that the recently described seasonal disorder may in part account for the observations of Drs Klerman and Weissman.<sup>1</sup>The authors report (1) an increase in major depression incidence between 1960 and 1975; (2) a decrease in the age of onset for these depressions, with more frequent representation in the late teens and early adult years; (3) an apparent latitudinal effect of this increase in depressive illnesses, with the increases noted in the United States, Sweden, Germany, Canada, and New Zealand but not in those more equatorial areas of Puerto Rico, among Mexican-Americans in Los Angeles, or in South Korea; (4) a gender effect, with females having a significantly higher risk than males; (5) a strong familial incidence among those with the depressive illnesses; and (6) increased rates of alcoholism, drug abuse, and suicide. Until 1975, when I treated the original patient with the
Noninvasive Assessment of the Right Ventricular Filling Pressure Gradient
Authors: Cristina Cortina, Javier Bermejo, Raquel Yotti, M. Mar Desco, Daniel Rodríguez-Pérez, J. Carlos Antoranz, José Luis Rojo-Álvarez, Damien Garcia, Miguel A. García-Fernández, Francisco Fernández-Avilés
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The physiological basis of right ventricular (RV) diastolic function remains incompletely studied in humans. The driving force responsible for RV filling, the pressure gradient along the RV inlet from the right atrium to the RV apex, has never been measured in the clinical setting.We validated a method for measuring the RV filling pressure difference (RVFPD) from color Doppler M-mode recordings in 12 pigs undergoing interventions on RV preload, afterload, and lusitropic states (error, -0.1+/-0.4 mm Hg compared with micromanometers; intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.88). Peak early RVFPD correlated directly with mean right atrial pressure and inversely with the time constant of RV relaxation. In 21 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the peak RVFPD was 1.0 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.2), significantly lower than in age-matched control subjects (1.4 mm Hg; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.6). In another population of 19 young healthy volunteers, the peak RVFPD was 2.3 mm Hg (95% CI, 2.0 to 2.6), which was reduced by nitroglycerine and esmolol and was augmented by volume overload and atropine infusions. RVFPD was generated almost exclusively by inertial forces.For the first time, the RV driving filling force can be accurately measured noninvasively in the clinical setting, and the method is sensitive to detect the effects of preload, chronotropic, and lusitropic states. In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the RV filling force is markedly reduced, indicating severely impaired RV relaxation. These findings suggest that this is a useful tool for improving the clinical assessment of RV diastolic function.