tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT-341 Impact of Chronic Statin Therapy on Development of Glucose Intolerance and New-onset Diabetes Mellitus in Asian Population
Authors: Sang-Ho Park, Seung-Woon Rha, Ung Jun, Se-Whan Lee, Won-Yong Shin, Seung Jin Lee, Dong-Kyu Jin, Byoung Geol Choi, Se Yeon Choi, Sung Il Im, Sun Won Kim, Jin Oh Na, Seong Woo Han, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Prolonged Partial Perfusion in the Dog
Authors: David G. Ashbaugh
Journal: JAMA (1962)

PROLONGED partial perfusion presents problems that are not encountered or are of minimal importance in short partial or total perfusion. In our investigations we have delineated some of these problems and arrived at workable solutions.  Briefly, the technique that we use is a simple venoarterial shunt without oxygenator. Blood is returned from the superior vena cava to a graduated venous reservoir, and from there through a DeBakey roller pump and arterial bubble trap to the femoral artery (Fig. 1). The dogs are given a continuous infusion of glucose, water, and saline during the perfusion. Various physiologic functions and blood chemistries were measured during the perfusion.  Two series of 5 dogs each were perfused 24 and 48 hours, respectively. There were 3 long-term survivors in each series. The average perfusion rate was 44 cc. per kilogram per minute for the 24-hour series and 41.1 cc. per kilogram per minute for the
Elevated CK-MB Levels in Marathon Runners
Authors: Raphael L. Warkel
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  The report by Siegel et al on elevations of serum CK-MB isoenzyme levels in marathon runners contains several inaccuracies. The MB level is alleged to correlate with the serum myoglobin level as a sensitive biochemical marker for the extent of exertional  In the reference cited for this correlation CK isoenzymes were not measured. 1 The correlation was between total CK levels and rhabdomyolysis. It is further asserted that mild abnormalities of CK-MB can be seen after recreational exercise of unselected volunteers. Again the authors in the reference cited to support this contention evaluated only total CK and did not measure isoenzymes. 2 Kaman et al, 3 using electrophoresis, could not detect elevations of CK-MB in the blood of joggers after near-maximum exercise.  Dr Siegel and associates state that unlike enzymes widely distributed in human tissues, creatine kinase is found only in muscle cells. Skeletal muscle and
Abstract 417: Inflammation initiates OCT4/NANOG expression through IL-6-IGF-1R signaling activation and is associated with early recurrence of HBV-related HCC
Authors: Te-Sheng Chang, Kam-Fai Lee, Ching-Chi Chi, Ya-Ting Yang, Hsin-Yi Lin, Pey-Jium Chang, Shui-Yi Tung, Liang-Mou Kuo, Thai-Yen Ling, Yen-Hua Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Inflammatory microenvironment is a well-known promoter of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a cancer with high rates of postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis. However, mechanisms underlying the inflammation-induced HCC promotion remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate the effect of proinflammatory cytokine IL6 on IGF-1R signaling activation which initiates OCT4/NANOG expression and is associated with HBV-related HCC (HBV-HCC) recurrence. In this study, real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated a high correlation between IGF-1R and OCT4/NANOG transcriptional expression in human HCC frozen tissues (N=119, R=0.8097 for OCT4; R= 0.8375 for NANOG). Interestingly, the OCT4, NANOG, or IGF-1R level in HBV-HCC was significantly higher than that in non HBV-HCC. Cultivation of cells in inflammation condition medium (Inflam-CM) increased OCT4/NANOG level in HBV+HBsAg+ cells (HepG2.2.15 and Hep3B), but not in HBV+HBsAg− (HA22T) or HBV−HBsAg− cells (HepG2 and Huh7). Epifluorescence/luciferase assay further demonstrated that Inflam-CM increased the GFP+ cell population as well as the luciferase activity of OCT4 promoter-GFP/luciferase-HepG2.2.15 cells. Besides, Inflam-CM significantly increased the IGF-1/IGF-1R transcriptional level and activated the IGF-1R signaling (phospho-IGF-1R and phospho-Akt) in HepG2.2.15 and Hep3B. Blockage of IGF-1R phosphorylation by picropodophyllin (PPP) dramatically decreased the OCT4/NANOG transcriptional activity. IL-6 stimulated the autocrinal IGF-I and IL-6 expression whereas AG490 (a phospho-STAT inhibitor) decreased the IGF-1R phosphorylation. The significant clinical association between early and overall postoperative recurrence and IGF-1R/OCT4/NANOG expression in both gene (real time RT-PCR) and protein (immunohistochemical staining) levels were demonstrated. When etiologic differences were considered, HBV-positive patients have the trend towards early HCC recurrence. Conclusion: Niche inflammatory stress might activate an autocrinal IL-6-IGF-I/IGF-1R-Akt signaling and OCT4/NANOG expression which is associated with early HBV-HCC recurrence. These results provide potential targets for individualized adjuvant therapy for HBV-HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 417. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-417
Experimental Response of the Human Body to a Known Periodic Force as a Measure of Ballistocardiographic Fidelity
Authors: G. P. WILSON, D. M. CUNNINGHAM, H. E. GRISWOLD
Journal: Circulation (1957)

The vibrational characteristics of the body and the support on which it rests were investigated by the direct approach of shaking it and measuring its motion and the motion of the support. Both a very stiff and a very weak, light support were used. Close correlation was obtained between body displacement and light support displacement; body motion greatly exceeded that of the stiff support. Single mass resonant frequency was set by the dorsal skin stiffness when the support was very stiff and by the support stiffness when the light support was used. With both supports the body exhibited multi-mass motion in the frequency range above 6 c.p.s.
Panic Attacks and the Risk of Suicide
Authors: Peter Reich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

It is a rare event when new and useful information about suicide appears in the medical literature. The association between recurrent panic attacks and the risk of suicide reported by Weissman et al. in this issue of the Journal 1 deserves widespread attention. It may provide general physicians with new opportunities to prevent suicide by recognizing and treating panic disorder.In recent years the suicide rate in the United States has risen steadily, especially among adolescents and young adults.2 , 3 The annual rate rose from 10.5 per 100,000 in 1960 to 12.4 per 100,000 in 1984. During this time, the rate of . . .
ACUTE MYELOID LEUKAEMIA: COMPARISON OF SUPPORT REQUIRED DURING INITIAL INDUCTION OF REMISSION AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION IN FIRST REMISSION
Authors: J.G. Watson, H.M. Clink, H.E.M. Kay, R.L. Powles, Beryl Jameson, Hilary Lumley, G.R. Morgenstern
Journal: The Lancet (1981)
Operant methodology in the study of learning.
Authors: D M Thompson, J M Moerschbaecher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

A series of experiments is described in which operant methodology is used to study the effects of drugs on "learning." Emphasis is placed on the technique of repeated acquisition as a behavioral baseline for studying this type of transition state. In this technique, each subject is required to learn a new discrimination each session. Multiple-schedule procedures are also described in which acquisition is compared to a "performance" task, where the discrimination is the same each session. The learning baseline is more sensitive to the disruptive effects of a variety of drugs (e.g., cocaine, d-amphetamine, haloperidol) than is the performance baseline. This general finding obtains across procedural variations and species (pigeons and monkeys). The potential usefulness of these procedures for studying both acute and chronic behavioral toxicity is discussed.
CASE OF PUERPERAL CONVULSIONS IN WHICH TRACHEOTOMY WAS PERFORMED
Authors: E. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1854)

w ' '_ ,1~~~~~~~~~~~~~f toX be-'-A blaek; othes les.qrau r, showd awleolu in their inteior.On tbe tumour, milky white fluid escaped in drops fm te siuface In this huid, as well as m sapings from the tumeur, wee se histological elements unmi eby can-I had been greatly aided in the diagnosis of the fore- ~.n6 ca,se, by having a short time previously had one in ~y respecXt similar to it under obsevation in the great Florace bospital.Cs.mu.Faustina Franchi, admitted to No. 154 of Pro- fessor Regnoli's Clinique on the 18th of Jan., 1852, the mother of fourteen children, always enjoyed excellent helth No trace of hereditary predisposition to cancer.
Effect of Heroin Withdrawal on Respiratory Rate and Acid-Base Status in the Newborn
Authors: Leonard Glass, B. K. Rajegowda, Eric J. Kahn, Mercedes V. Floyd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Measurements of respiratory rates and acid-base status were made on 22 neonates of heroin-addicted mothers with signs of acute heroin withdrawal and on 19 normal infants of similar birth weight and gestational age. The infants with acute heroin withdrawal showed increased respiratory rates that were associated with hypocapnia and an increase in blood pH during the first week of life. The observed respiratory alkalosis may have a beneficial role in the binding of indirect serum bilirubin to albumin and, possibly, in prevention of the respiratory-distress syndrome, rarely observed in infants of heroin-addicted mothers. On the other hand, the alkalosis decreases the levels of ionized calcium.
Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal management of critical aortic stenosis.
Authors: J C Huhta, R J Carpenter, K J Moise, R L Deter, D A Ott, D G McNamara
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Fetal echocardiography has yet to have an impact on the treatment of congenital heart disease. Critical aortic valve stenosis was diagnosed by echocardiography before birth in a 35 week gestation fetus. The risks to the fetus and mother associated with prolonged rupture of membranes prompted their transport to a hospital with cardiac surgical and high-risk perinatal facilities. Prenatal and postnatal echocardiographic findings agreed regarding the diagnostic criteria for critical aortic stenosis and primary forms of cardiomyopathy were excluded. Results of fetal Doppler examination were consistent with valvular aortic stenosis and excluded mitral regurgitation. Determination of the left ventricular size excluded ventricular hypoplasia. The infant was delivered by cesarean section and underwent successful emergency aortic valvotomy at 12 h of age. Fetal echocardiography, in combination with a multidisciplinary postnatal approach, can be used in the successful treatment of a severe form of congenital heart disease.
Oxygen desaturation and breathlessness during corridor walking in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: effect of oxitropium bromide.
Authors: D P Spence, J G Hay, J Carter, M G Pearson, P M Calverley
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND--Although exercise induced desaturation can occur in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), little is known about its frequency during everyday exercise, or how it relates to dyspnoea or prior drug treatment. METHODS--The effects of 200 micrograms inhaled oxitropium bromide, an anticholinergic bronchodilator drug, on spirometric values, dyspnoea score, and oxygen saturation during corridor walking and cycle ergometry were studied in a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study. RESULTS--Oxitropium produced a small increase in forced expired volume in one second (FEV1) from 0.76 (0.28) 1 to 0.93 (0.69) 1 and in six minute walking distance from 311 (93) m to 332 (86) m, but did not change progressive cycle exercise duration. Resting and end exercise breathlessness levels were reduced in both forms of exercise after oxitropium. Resting oxygen saturation fell significantly after active bronchodilator from 92.9% (3.7%) to 92.0% (4.1%) but the nadir saturation during exercise was unchanged. The patients desaturated more during corridor walking than cycle ergometry [walking 7.8% (4.4%), cycle ergometry 2.1% (2.1%)]. Baseline walking distance was related to FVC, resting breathlessness and resting oxygen saturation (multiple r2 = 0.46) but only resting saturation correlated with end exercise breathlessness (r2 = -0.25). Improvements in symptoms or exercise performance after oxitropium could not be predicted by changes in spirometric indices or oxygen saturation. CONCLUSIONS--In patients with COPD arterial oxygen desaturation during self-paced walking is common, of greater severity than that during cycle ergometry, but is unaffected by inhaled oxitropium bromide. The factors that predict initial performance are not appropriate markers of functional improvement after an active bronchodilator drug.
Hypnotherapy for incontinence caused by the unstable detrusor.
Authors: R M Freeman, K Baxby
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Fifty incontinent women with proved detrusor instability completed 12 sessions of hypnosis (symptom removal by direct suggestion and "ego strengthening") over one month. This was continued at home with a prerecorded cassette, and all patients were followed up for at least six months. At the end of the 12 sessions 29 patients were entirely symptom free, 14 improved, and seven unchanged. Three months later cystometry in 44 of the patients showed conversion of the cystometrogram to stability in 22 and a significant improvement in a further 16; only six showed no objective improvement. Seven patients relapsed (three after bereavement). Further treatment was given and five out of six patients were rendered symptom free again. Patients with detrusor instability were not found to have a noticeably increased susceptibility to hypnosis. It is concluded that psychological factors are very important in "idiopathic" detrusor instability and that hypnotherapy is effective for incontinence due to this disorder.
Melanoma Simulation Model
Authors: Namita Jain, Mark J. Anderson, Pooja Patel, Hanz Blatt, Lauren Davis, Jennifer Bierman, William McGaghie, James B. Brucker, Mary Martini, June K. Robinson
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Lack of training hampers melanoma recognition by physicians.To evaluate a melanoma simulation model to teach visual assessment and counseling skills.Simulation model study in an academic research setting.A convenience sample of third-year medical students was randomly assigned to receive the intervention before or after a standardized patient.During the primary care clerkship, medical students participated in melanoma skills training using 2 simulation models replicating melanomas and abnormal or benign nevi. Scoring threshold rules for visual assessment and management of pigmented lesions and videos of patient counseling were provided.Identifying a melanoma moulage and counseling the standardized patient. Secondary measures were preintervention and 2-week postintervention knowledge, attitudes about and confidence in their ability to perform opportunistic surveillance and counseling, as well as identification on the model of clinically suspicious pigmented lesions, lesions needing a biopsy, and lesions to be monitored for change. RESULTS Among 74 students, confidence in their ability to perform opportunistic surveillance improved significantly after skills training (P < .05, χ2 test). Monitoring clinically suspicious lesions for change decreased from 16% (12 of 74) to 3% (2 of 74) and performing a biopsy increased from 80% (59 of 74) to 96% (71 of 74), monitoring benign lesions for change decreased from 43% (32 of 74) to 3% (2 of 74), and biopsying melanoma in situ increased from 10% (7 of 74) to 26% (20 of 74) (P < .05 for all, χ2 test). Detection of the melanoma moulage on the standardized patient occurred more often by trained students (P < .05, χ2 test).A 1-hour melanoma simulation education and skills training experience improved performance of opportunistic surveillance, management, and patient counseling by third-year medical students.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01191294.
THE AMELIORATION OF HYPERVITAMINOSIS D IN RATS WITH VITAMIN A
Authors: Irwin Clark, C. Andrew L. Bassett
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The administration of relatively large amounts of vitamin A to hypervitaminotic D rats decreases the toxicity of this condition as evidenced by increased longevity, better weight gain, decreased soft tissue calcification and by considerable improvement in the histologic appearance of osseous structures.
Relationship between circulating E-selectin, DD genotype of angiotensin-converting-enzyme, and cardiovascular damage in central obese subjects
Authors: Giuseppe Licata, Tiziana Di Chiara, Anna Licata, Giovanni Triolo, Christiano Argano, Antonio Pinto, Gaspare Parrinello, Salvatore Corrao, Giovanni Duro, Rosario Scaglione
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
Aggressive Noonan-Like Multiple Giant Cell Lesion Syndrome on Tc-99m MDP Bone Scan
Authors: William Makis, Raymond Lambert
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Noonan-like multiple giant cell lesion syndrome is a rare dysmorphic disorder, originally described as a distinct entity by Cohen et al in 1974, and its current name was proposed in a review of 14 cases published in 1991. Although the mode of inheritance was initially described as sporadic, there is now more evidence for an autosomal dominant inheritance, with linkage to a gene on chromosome 12. We present an aggressive case of this syndrome in a 15-year-old boy, with multiple giant cell lesions in the maxilla and mandible, which grew despite radiotherapy, antiangiogenic therapy, and high-dose steroid treatment.
Association of Leg-Length Inequality With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: William F. Harvey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Background: Leg-length inequality is common in the general population and may accelerate development of knee osteoarthritis. Objective: To determine whether leg-length inequality is associated with prevalent, incident, and progressive knee osteoarthritis. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Population samples from Birmingham, Alabama, and Iowa City, Iowa. Patients: 3026 participants aged 50 to 79 years with or at high risk for knee osteoarthritis. Measurements: The exposure was leg-length inequality, measured by full-limb radiography. The outcomes were prevalent, incident, and progressive knee osteoarthritis. Radiographic osteoarthritis was defined as Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 or greater, and symptomatic osteoarthritis was defined as radiographic disease in a consistently painful knee. Results: Compared with leg-length inequality less than 1 cm, leg-length inequality of 1 cm or more was associated with prevalent radiographic (53% vs. 36%; odds ratio [OR], 1.9 [95% CI, 1.5 to 2.4]) and symptomatic (30% vs. 17%; OR, 2.0 [CI, 1.6 to 2.6]) osteoarthritis in the shorter leg, incident symptomatic osteoarthritis in the shorter leg (15% vs. 9%; OR, 1.7 [CI, 1.2 to 2.4]) and the longer leg (13% vs. 9%; OR, 1.5 [CI, 1.0 to 2.1]), and increased odds of progressive osteoarthritis in the shorter leg (29% vs. 24%; OR, 1.3 [CI, 1.0 to 1.7]). Limitations: Duration of follow-up may not be long enough to adequately identify cases of incidence and progression. Measurements of leg length, including radiography, are subject to measurement error, which could result in misclassification. Conclusion: Radiographic leg-length inequality was associated with prevalent, incident symptomatic, and progressive knee osteoarthritis. Leg-length inequality is a potentially modifiable risk factor for knee osteoarthritis. Primary Funding Source: National Institute on Aging.
Perivenular Fibrosis as Precursor Lesion of Cirrhosis
Authors: Theresa M. Worner
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Thirty-four male alcoholics underwent sequential liver biopsies as part of their evaluation. Of 19 subjects with simple fatty livers, only three showed progression of liver disease: one developed perivenular fibrosis after two years; a second showed no progression after three years, but developed perivenular fibrosis after four years; the third subject likewise showed no progression after one year, but developed incomplete cirrhosis after six years. In contrast, of 15 subjects with perivenular fibrosis at the time of the initial biopsy, 13 progressed to more severe stages of liver disease during a one- to four-year follow-up interval. Nine developed fibrosis, one developed incomplete cirrhosis and three developed cirrhosis. Thus, patients with perivenular fibrosis at the fatty liver stage are likely to progress to more severe stages of alcoholic liver disease if they continue to consume alcohol.
The Nutritional Value of University-Hospital Diets
Authors: Adam J. Singer, Kathleen Werther, Marion Nestle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

To the Editor: In 1989, the National Research Council1 published a comprehensive and authoritative examination of the role of diet in disease, which on the basis of the evidence, proposed dietary guidelines for promoting health and reducing the risk of chronic disease. The council recommended reducing the percentage of dietary fat to an average of 30 percent of calories or less, the amount of saturated fat to 10 percent of calories or less, and the level of cholesterol to 300 mg per day or less; eating five or more servings of fruits and vegetables daily and six or more servings . . .
Estimation of skin prick test reactions with a scanning program
Authors: H. Pijnenborg, L. Nilsson, S. Dreborg
Journal: Allergy (1996)

We evaluated a new method of computer-based scanning of skin prick test wheal areas. To test the calibration of the program, we scanned five constructed circles of exactly defined areas between 5 and 255 mm2. One of these circles was scanned in different degrees of contrast (modes), the middle mode being used in the other experiments. We also investigated the inter- and intraoperator variation. Finally, results obtained by measuring diameters of wheals and by the new method of area determination were compared for 82 histamine and 75 egg wheals. The areas found agreed well with the real areas (P < 0.01) (mean 97.4-100.8%), except for the smallest wheal (5mm2) (NS). Areas obtained in the "middle position" closely resembled the real area. The intraoperator coefficient of variation (c.v.) was 1.4% (0.3-4.3), the day-to-day c.v. was 1.9% (0.2-5.3), and the interoperator c.v. was 2.3% (0.7-5.7), with a higher c.v. for small areas. Histamine and egg wheals were significantly larger with the diameter method (126% and 129%, respectively) than with the area method. The difference between the methods was most pronounced for small wheal areas. The c.v. of the scanning method was significantly lower than that of the diameter method. The new program was precise and is recommended for registration of skin test reactions in scientific trials. Although the scanner works well and has high precision, the major problem in skin testing seems still to be the reproducibility of the skin test technique employed.