tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acetate, the key modulator of inflammatory responses in acute alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Stuart F. W. Kendrick, Graeme O'Boyle, Jelena Mann, Mujdat Zeybel, Jeremy Palmer, David E. J. Jones, Chris P. Day
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Acute alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by disproportionate macrophage inflammatory cytokine responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Lack of knowledge of the underlying mechanism has limited progress toward effective therapy. We postulated a novel mechanism by which ethanol increases histone acetylation, increasing proinflammatory gene transcription and cytokine synthesis. Cytokine responses to lipopolysaccharide in a human macrophage cell line cultured in 86 mM ethanol, 1 mM acetate, and normal media were measured by multiplex immunoassay. Changes in histone acetylation were determined by immunofluorescence microscopy and chromatin immunoprecipitation on presentation. The effect of ethanol and acetate on acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-coA) synthetases, which convert acetate to acetyl-coA, the substrate for histone acetylation, was determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Knockdown of acetyl-coA synthetases by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to determine their role in ethanol's enhancement of the inflammatory cytokine response. Ethanol-exposed macrophages developed enhanced interleukin 6 (IL6), IL8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha responses to lipopolysaccharide with time-dependent increases in histone acetylation that could be prevented by inhibition of ethanol metabolism. Chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed increased histone acetylation at promoter regions of specific cytokine genes. The effect of ethanol was reproduced by incubation with acetate, the principal hepatic metabolite of ethanol, and both ethanol and acetate reduced histone deacetylase activity and up-regulated acetyl-coA synthetases. Knockdown of the acetyl-coA synthetases abrogated the effect of ethanol on cytokine production. Conclusion: Synthesis of metabolically available acetyl-coA from acetate is critical to the increased acetylation of proinflammatory gene histones and consequent enhancement of the inflammatory response in ethanol-exposed macrophages. This mechanism is a potential therapeutic target in acute alcoholic hepatitis. (Hepatology 2010)
HLA-DR phenotypes in Spanish coeliac children: their contribution to the understanding of the genetics of the disease.
Authors: M L Mearin, I Biemond, A S Pena, I Polanco, C Vazquez, G T Schreuder, R R de Vries, J J van Rood
Journal: Gut (1983)

The DR-locus controlled B-cell antigens were studied in 163 unrelated Spanish coeliac children and 68 families of this group, nine of them with more than one coeliac patient, to obtain more information about the association between these antigens and coeliac disease. The results show that the most common coeliac phenotypes are DR3/DR7, DR7/DR5, DR3/other DR, and DR3/DR3. The family study confirmed the segregation of the disease with the above mentioned phenotypes. In eight of the nine multiple case families, all coeliac children shared both HLA-DR antigens. These findings make it unlikely that a single dominant gene linked to HLA-DR controls the susceptibility to coeliac disease. The phenotypes in the patients were not distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Thus, a model based on one recessive susceptibility gene linked to HLA-DR is not probable either. The complexity of the genetics of coeliac disease and some of the features shared with the HLA-DR pattern in juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes are discussed.
Intrarenal hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites after large-volume paracentesis with I.V. albumin infusion
Authors: S. Siringo, C. Virgillito, C. Patane, R. D'Amico, A. Aliffi, M. Raspagliesi, P. Di Gregorio, M. Zammataro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
New vistas for the study of structural and functional dynamics of the heart, lungs, and circulation by noninvasive numerical tomographic vivisection.
Authors: E H Wood
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Major segments of the biologic sciences and the practice of medicine are based on study and knowledge of the relationships of anatomic structure to biologic function. Traditionally, this knowledge has been gained by indirect means, inference, or by direct surgical vivisection or postmortem examination. The revolutionary capability of nondestructive, operator interactive, mathematical vivisection provided by synchronous cylindrical scanning tomography to obtain similar information non-invasively and painlessly will provide these data to the internist for individual patients. Furthermore, this information will be in a computerized format which can be subjected to myriad types of objective measurements and display. These developments promise beneficial effects of clinical diagnosis and health care which may approach those associated with the discoveries of the biomedical investigative and clinical diagnostic value of X-rays and cardiac catheterization.
Human eosinophil cationic protein. Molecular cloning of a cytotoxin and helminthotoxin with ribonuclease activity.
Authors: H F Rosenberg, S J Ackerman, D G Tenen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

We have isolated a 725-bp full-length cDNA clone for the human eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). ECP is a small, basic protein found in the matrix of the eosinophil's large specific granule that has cytotoxic, helminthotoxic, and ribonuclease activity, and is a member of the ribonuclease multigene family. The cDNA sequence shows 89% sequence identity with that reported for the related granule protein, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). The open reading frame encodes a previously unidentified 27-amino acid leader sequence preceding a 133-residue mature ECP polypeptide with a molecular mass of 15.6 kD. The encoded amino acid sequence of ECP shows 66% identity to that of EDN and 31% identity to that of human pancreatic ribonuclease, including conservation of the essential structural cysteine and cataytic lysine and histidine residues. mRNA for ECP was detected in eosinophil-enriched peripheral granulocytes and in a subclone of the promyelocytic leukemia line, HL-60, induced toward eosinophilic differentiation with IL-5. No ECP mRNA was detected in uninduced HL-60 cells, or in HL-60 cells induced toward monocytic differentiation with vitamin D3 or toward neutrophilic differentiation with DMSO. In contrast, mRNA for EDN was detected in uninduced HL-60 cells and was upregulated in HL-60 cells induced with DMSO. Despite similarities in sequence and cellular localization, these results suggest that ECP and EDN are subject to different regulatory mechanisms.
Danger of Suxamethonium and Endotracheal Intubation in Anaesthesia for Burns
Authors: G. H. Bush, H. A. P. Graham, A. H. M. Littlewood, L. B. Scott
Journal: BMJ (1962)

PROLONGED PREGNANCYBDrLL 1081 between 20 and 22 weeks, and the mLiltigravida between 16 and 18 weeks.If she only recognizes movements a month later than she should, this suggests that the dates are wrong.This is by no means an accurate method of checking, but it may be useful confirmatory evidence.If there is still doubt an x-ray film taken at about 36 weeks is of value.At this time the epiphysis at the lower end of the femur should be clearly visible, and that at the upper end of the tibia may be faintly seen.If it is not visible it suggests that the dates are wrong.The measurement of abdominal girth may also be helpful.At 36 weeks it is usually 36 in.(91 cm.), and
Surgical-Wound Infection
Authors: A B Kaiser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

"MY most cordial thanks for having, by your brilliant researches, demonstrated to me the truth of the germ theory of putrefaction, and thus furnished me with the principle upon which alone the antiseptic system can be carried out."1 Thus did Joseph Lister graciously acknowledge the essential contributions of Louis Pasteur and the science of microbiology to the founding of modern-day surgery. Despite marked dissimilarities in training and focus, surgeons and microbiologists have continued for over a century to be partners in improving the outcome of surgical procedures. As modern-day surgery has become more and more complex and adventuresome, the need . . .
Groups Work to Boost Support for Vaccines
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A stroke unit in a district general hospital: the Greenwich experience.
Authors: P Blower, S Ali
Journal: BMJ (1979)

and conclusionsA study was made of all patients admitted to a geriatric unit over several years.The admission policy included a high degree of priority to requests for transfer from acute beds, which resulted in transferred patients accounting for 25% of admissions.Unblocking acute beds did not lead to prolonged delay in admitting patients from the community to the geriatric unit.Almost 30% of beds allocated to transferred patients were recovered in 30 days.
Dissociation of the Glucose and Lipid Regulatory Functions of FoxO1 by Targeted Knockin of Acetylation-Defective Alleles in Mice
Authors: Alexander S. Banks, Ja Young Kim-Muller, Teresa L. Mastracci, Natalie M. Kofler, Li Qiang, Rebecca A. Haeusler, Michael J. Jurczak, Dina Laznik, Garrett Heinrich, Varman T. Samuel, Gerald I. Shulman, Virginia E. Papaioannou, Domenico Accili
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
Dlx1&amp;2-Dependent Expression of Zfhx1b (Sip1, Zeb2) Regulates the Fate Switch between Cortical and Striatal Interneurons
Authors: Gabriel L. McKinsey, Susan Lindtner, Brett Trzcinski, Axel Visel, Len A. Pennacchio, Danny Huylebroeck, Yujiro Higashi, John L.R. Rubenstein
Journal: Neuron (2013)
From the Office of the General Counsel. Professional liability: the case for Federal reform
Authors: M. J. Hatlie
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights of Heart Rhythm 2004, the Annual Scientific Sessions of the Heart Rhythm Society: May 19 to 22, 2004, in San Francisco, California
Authors: Anne B. Curtis, William T. Abraham, Peng-Sheng Chen, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Andrew E. Epstein, Paul A. Friedman, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Ronald J. Kanter, William G. Stevenson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Cardiac Arrests During Endoscopy With Anesthesia Assistance—Reply
Authors: Gregory S. Cooper
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Dietary polyphenols: Good, bad, or indifferent for your health?
Authors: B HALLIWELL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds have powerful antioxidant effects in vitro in many test systems, but can act as pro-oxidants in some others. Whether pro-oxidant, antioxidant, or any of the many other biological effects potentially exerted by flavonoids account for or contribute to the health benefits of diets rich in plant-derived foods and beverages is uncertain. Phenolic compounds may help to protect the gastrointestinal tract against damage by reactive species present in foods or generated within the stomach and intestines. The overall health benefit of flavonoids is uncertain, and consumption of large quantities of them in fortified foods or supplements should not yet be encouraged.
Dietary therapy for different forms of hyperlipoproteinemia.
Authors: S M Grundy
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Diet is the first line of therapy for hypercholesterolemia. The major dietary factors raising the plasma cholesterol are saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and excess total calories. For almost all forms of hyperlipidemia, the first principle of dietary therapy is to reduce saturated fatty acids, decrease cholesterol, and curtail excess calories. In patients with severe hypercholesterolemia, marked restrictions of diet may be necessary. For these patients, drugs may be required to control cholesterol levels. However, the majority of patients with elevated plasma cholesterol can achieve a satisfactory reduction of cholesterol levels by diet, and drugs will not be necessary. Dietary therapy alone is adequate for most patients with familial forms of hypertriglyceridemia, but for a few patients drugs are required.
Prolongation and enhancement of serum methotrexate concentrations by probenecid.
Authors: G W Aherne, E Piall, V Marks, G Mould, W F White
Journal: BMJ (1978)

The disappearance of methotrexate (MTX) from the serum after an intravenous bolus injection and intravenous infusion was studied over 24 hours in eight and four patients respectively. Probenecid given at the same time as the bolus injection delayed the disappearance of MTX from the serum and resulted in enhanced concentrations throughout the 24 hours studied. At 24 hours the mean concentration was four times higher than in patients not given probenecid. Overall serum concentrations were even greater than those in patients who had received MTX by intravenous infusion. We suggest that smaller doses of MTX may be given and treatment costs thereby reduced if probenecid is given in addition.
CELL RESPIRATION STUDIES
Authors: Blake C. Wilbur, Geneva A. Daland, John Cohen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

A description is given of a closed space respiration apparatus which can be used to determine the amount of gas used or liberated by living blood or tissue cells, or chemical substances. Continuous observations can be made and repeated measurements recorded without interrupting the vital processes or destroying the cells. Studies of the oxygen consumption by whole blood in normal individuals and in patients with leucocytosis and myelogenous leucemia, as well as by white cells suspended in plasma, will be reported in subsequent papers.
Timing of transfusion, anti-HBc, and hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma Reply
Authors: S D. A NISHIOKA;
Journal: Gut (2000)

Editor,—Dr Marusawa and colleagues ((1999) Gut 45:284–288.[OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2]) , commenting on their findings of a high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (anti-HBc) in Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic liver disease, suggest that HBV infection has a role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic HCV infection. I would like to raise a methodological point that may influence the interpretation of their findings. HBV and HCV infections share common mechanisms of transmission and are highly correlated. Therefore, it is not surprising that the prevalence of anti-HBc was much higher in individuals with chronic HCV infection than in the anti-HCV negative controls. But why would patients with HCV associated HCC have a higher prevalence of anti-HBc than individuals with HCV chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis? Stratified analyses suggested this finding is not related to age or … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DGut%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fgut.45.2.284%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F10403743%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=gutjnl&resid=45/2/284&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F47%2F2%2F313.1.atom
THE VALUE OF OUT-PATIENT WORK AMONG THE INSANE
Authors: A. WARREN STEARNS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1918)

Oneof the most important developments in the caring for patients with nervous and mental diseases has been the extension of out-patient work by state hospitals.This work is new enough so that it seems worth while for those engaged in it to compare notes frequently.This paper aims to describe and to discuss briefly the work of the Out-Patient Department in the Boston Psychopathic Hospital, this department now being in its fifth year, and so one of the oldest.The clinic is held daily from 2 to 4 p. m., and Wednesday evenings.There are three departments, namely:I.
Protective and Antagonistic Inoculation in Leprosy
Authors: B. Rake
Journal: BMJ (1891)

The first successful case died 52 days after the priinary in- oculation, witlh miliary tubercles in the liver aind luings, etc. The.deposits appeared to be of a caseous nlature, most of them containiilg groups of tubercle bacilli.A full description of inoculated tubercle in reptiles I hlope to publislh slhortly.In the cases occurring in the London gardens it is seeni liow the disease is arrested by reduction of the temperature.Tlluis the average temperature of the reptile hiouse is decide(dly lower tlhain that at whichlt the tubercle bacilli can grow, that is to say, it is only during the suinmer months that the disease ean be active, anid so far I lhave only founid cases of the disease in those sniakes whlieh are kept in cages exposed to the full rays of thle sunl.
A mechanically-induced colon cancer cell population shows increased metastatic potential
Authors: Xin Tang, Theresa B Kuhlenschmidt, Qian Li, Shahjahan Ali, Stephane Lezmi, Hong Chen, Melissa Pires-Alves, William W Laegreid, Taher A Saif, Mark S Kuhlenschmidt
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2014)

Metastasis accounts for the majority of deaths from cancer. Although tumor microenvironment has been shown to have a significant impact on the initiation and/or promotion of metastasis, the mechanism remains elusive. We previously reported that HCT-8 colon cancer cells underwent a phenotypic transition from an adhesive epithelial type (E-cell) to a rounded dissociated type (R-cell) via soft substrate culture, which resembled the initiation of metastasis. The objective of current study was to investigate the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of the E-R transition. Global gene expressions of HCT-8 E and R cells were measured by RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq); and the results were further confirmed by real-time PCR. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), anoikis resistance, enzyme activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1 (ALDH3A1), and in vitro invasion assay were tested on both E and R cells. The deformability of HCT-8 E and R cells was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). To study the in vivo invasiveness of two cell types, athymic nude mice were intra-splenically injected with HCT-8 E or R cells and sacrificed after 9 weeks. Incidences of tumor development and metastasis were histologically evaluated and analyzed with Fisher's exact test. Besides HCT-8, E-R transition on soft substrates was also seen in three other cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW480 colon and DU145 prostate cancer). The expression of some genes, such as ALDH3A1, TNS4, CLDN2, and AKR1B10, which are known to play important roles in cancer cell migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis, were increased in HCT-8 R cells. R cells also showed higher ALDH3A1 enzyme activity, higher ROS, higher anoikis resistance, and higher softness than E cells. More importantly, in vitro assay and in vivo animal models revealed that HCT-8 R cells were more invasive than E cells. Our comprehensive comparison of HCT-8 E and R cells revealed differences of molecular, phenotypical, and mechanical signatures between the two cell types. To our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the molecular mechanism of E-R transition, which may greatly increase our understanding of the mechanisms of cancer mechanical microenvironment and initiation of cancer metastasis.