tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Platelet-derived growth factor promotes proliferation of erythropoietic progenitor cells in vitro.
Authors: N Dainiak, G Davies, M Kalmanti, J Lawler, V Kulkarni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

To investigate serum requirements for optimal erythropoiesis in vitro, we studied the response of erythroid progenitor cell proliferation in culture to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Human bone marrow cells cultured with platelet-poor plasma-derived serum (PDS) form fewer erythroid colonies than do cells cultured with human whole blood serum or fetal calf serum (P less than 0.05). Treatment of washed platelets with thrombin releases a low molecular weight (less than 100,000) factor that enhances colony growth. This secreted factor appears to be PDGF, based upon the ability of partially purified and electrophoretically pure PDGF to restore colony-forming capacity of PDS-containing cultures to 70-96% of the level found in control cultures with whole blood serum or fetal calf serum. Enhancement of colony growth by PDGF was noted only in marrow cultures supplemented with erythropoietin and PDS. Presence of bioactive erythropoietin in PDGF preparations was excluded by assay in hypertransfused, polycythemic mice, and in fasted rats. Although PDGF stimulates erythroid burst formation in marrow cultures containing optimal concentrations of burst-promoting activity (BPA), it does not influence proliferation of circulating erythroid bursts, regardless of BPA concentration added to culture. We conclude that PDGF is a serum determinant of optimal erythroid progenitor cell proliferation in marrow culture. The activity of PDGF is distinct from that of the apparent erythroid specific growth factors erythropoietin and BPA.
Abstract 1332: Inhibition of G9a induces DUSP4-dependent autophagic cell death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: KAI-CHUN LI, KUO-TAI HUA, CHING-TING TAN, MIN-LIANG KUO
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Emerging evidence indicates that alteration of epigenetic regulation might be a key event for cancer progression. Abnormal expression of histone methyltransferase G9a, which contributes to transcriptional repression of tumor suppressor genes, has been implicated in maintaining cancer cells proliferation. Recent study suggests that inhibition of G9a reduces cancer cell growth. However, its molecular process has not been fully explored. In this study, we show that G9a expression is positively correlated to poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Knockdown of G9a or inhibition of its catalytic activity by bix-01294 in HNSCC cells reduced proliferation, colony formation and anchorage-independent growth without inducing necrosis or apoptosis. Instead, complementary approaches including immunoblot analysis, LC3-GFP-fluorescent microscopy and morphologic study by electron microscopy revealed inhibition of G9a inducing autophagy. Pre-treatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or chloroquine (CQ) antagonized the inhibition effect of bix-01294 on cells viability, demonstrating that autophagic cell death is the major consequences in G9a suppressed cells. Mechanistic investigation suggested that ERK phosphatase, DUSP4, may be a downstream target of G9a. Knockdown of G9a and then suppression of DUSP4 expression restored ERK phosphorylation and colony formation but inhibits autophagy induced by G9a silencing. This effect was further reversed by treatment with MAPK/ERK selective inhibitor U0126. Moreover, knockdown of G9a resulted in growth inhibition and autophagy in orthotopic tumor model in mice. Taken together, our results not only point out the mechanism of autophagic cell death induced by inhibition of G9a but also pave a way for new targeting therapy utility for HNSCC in clinical. Citation Format: KAI-CHUN LI, KUO-TAI HUA, CHING-TING TAN, MIN-LIANG KUO. Inhibition of G9a induces DUSP4-dependent autophagic cell death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1332. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1332
Asymptomatic arrhythmias in patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Authors: R L Page, W E Wilkinson, W K Clair, E A McCarthy, E L Pritchett
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia are recognized clinically when patients seek treatment for symptoms due to recurrent arrhythmias; atrial fibrillation also increases the risk of stroke. The frequency with which asymptomatic arrhythmias occur in patients with these arrhythmias is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-two patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (n = 8) or paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (n = 14) were studied for 29 days with two different ambulatory ECG-monitoring techniques to measure the relative frequency of asymptomatic and symptomatic arrhythmias. All class I antiarrhythmic drugs, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, and digitalis were withheld. Sustained asymptomatic arrhythmia events (defined as lasting at least 30 seconds) were documented using continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring once weekly for a total of 5 of the 29 study days; symptomatic arrhythmia events were documented using transtelephonic ECG monitoring for all 29 days of the study. In the group of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, asymptomatic arrhythmia events occurred significantly more frequently than symptomatic arrhythmia events; the mean rates, expressed as events/100 d/patient (95% confidence interval), were 62.5 (40.4, 87.3) and 5.2 (2.7, 9.0) (P &lt; .01); the ratio of the mean rates was 12.1 (5.8, 26.4). In contrast, in the group of patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, asymptomatic arrhythmia events were significantly less frequent than symptomatic arrhythmia events; the mean rates were 0.0 (0.0, 5.3) and 7.4 (5.0, 10.6) (P = .02). The ratio of the mean rates was 0.0 (0.0, 0.8). CONCLUSIONS In a group of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, sustained asymptomatic atrial fibrillation occurs far more frequently than symptomatic atrial fibrillation. However, it is not known whether asymptomatic atrial fibrillation is a potential risk factor for stroke even when patients are not having symptomatic arrhythmias.
Abstract 4705: Integrating germline cancer predisposition gene testing into routine clinical practice - The Mainstreaming Cancer Genetics programme
Authors: Nazneen Rahman
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Over 100 cancer predisposition genes with clinical utility are recognised. Testing of these genes is increasingly in demand and is one of the major activities of Clinical Genetics. However, in most countries, testing is very restricted with respect to the number of genes and the number of people tested. Furthermore, the value of genetic testing in individuals with cancer is underappreciated; it provides important information with respect to the cause and optimal treatment of the current cancer, and the risk and optimal management of future cancer. Moreover, testing cancer patients followed by cascade testing of mutation carriers is an effective and efficient way of identifying unaffected mutation carriers in whom screening and risk-reducing strategies can be deployed. The Mainstreaming Cancer Genetics (MCG) Programme is a UK national cross-disciplinary initiative to develop the NGS assays, analytical and interpretive pipelines, clinical infrastructure, training, ethical and evaluation processes required for routine genetic testing to be integrated into cancer patient care. In collaboration with Illumina we have developed a NGS panel targeting 97 cancer predisposition genes with &amp;gt;1500 probes (called the TruSight cancer panel) and have completed detailed evaluation of performance, sensitivity and specificity under different levels of multiplexing, coverage and throughput. We have developed bespoke analytical pipelines developed for high-throughput clinical diagnostic data analysis (called GAMA) and clinical interpretation (called CIGMA). We are implementing a new mixed-model of cancer gene testing whereby consent for medical testing (i.e. in cancer patients) is undertaken by trained oncologists, with only the mutation carriers seen by geneticists. Predictive testing (i.e. in unaffected individuals) continues to be undertaken in genetics. We have developed protocols and e-learning modules to deliver the required training for oncologists to consent for testing. The system is faster and cheaper, whilst retaining flexibility and robustness to provide increased input where required. We are completing a 6 month pilot that has included &amp;gt;100 patients and we are acquiring patient and clinician feedback, the results of which will be presented. www.mcgprogramme.com Citation Format: Nazneen Rahman, The Mainstreaming Cancer Genetics Consortium. Integrating germline cancer predisposition gene testing into routine clinical practice - The Mainstreaming Cancer Genetics programme. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4705. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4705
Infective and anti-infective properties of breastmilk from HIV-1-infected women
Authors: P. Van de Perre, A. Simonon, E. Karita, J.-B. Butera, D.-G. Hitimana, B. Mukamabano, C. Van Goethem, P. Lepage, F. Dabis, P. Msellati
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Supportive and Nonsupportive Family Behaviors: Relationships to Adherence and Metabolic Control in Persons with Type I Diabetes
Authors: Lorraine C Schafer, Kevin D McCaul, Russell E Glasgow
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

The Diabetes Family Behavior Checklist (DFBC) was administered to 54 adults and 18 adolescents (&amp;lt;19 yr of age) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Subjects and family members completed parallel forms of the DFBC at initial and 6-mo follow-up home interviews. During each of these periods, adherence was assessed via self-report, 1 wk of self-monitoring, and 24-h dietary recalls. The results showed reliable differences between adolescents and adults. More negative interactions with family members were reported by adolescents and their family members, and adolescents were in poorer metabolic control. For adults but not adolescents, negative DFBC scores were prospectively predictive of poorer regimen adherence over the 6-mo interval for measures of glucose testing, insulin injection, and dietary adherence. In addition, higher negative DFBC scores for adults were marginally associated with higher HbA1 levels (P &amp;lt; 0.10). We conclude that the DFBC is a promising measure of family interaction related specifically to the IDDM regimen and that, for adults, higher levels of nonsupportive family behaviors may be related to reduced regimen adherence and poor control.
Interventional Cardiovascular Medicine : Principles and Practice
Authors: A Shyam-Sunder
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Interventional cardiovascular medicine has undergone numerous advances since its inception in 1977. The popularity of this method of treating patients with coronary disease is reflected in the more than 400 000 coronary angioplasty procedures performed annually in the United States.

The 69 chapters of this multiauthor textbook are divided into six sections. The first outlines the history of cardiovascular intervention, highlighting the contributions of the founder of interventional cardiology, …
Pneumococcal bacteraemia in mother and son.
Authors: P A Fenton, R C Spencer, J S Savill, S Grover
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Ranking when subjects were asked to avoid those products they most disliked:Controls: Clinifeed > Build Up> Nutrauxil > Complan> Ensure> Isocal (Ensure v Isocal p <0001, all others NS).Patients: Build UP > Nutrauxil > Ensure > Clinifeed > Complan > Isocal (Build Up v Complan p .0 05, Complan v Isocal p .0 01).
A Case of Advanced Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Involving the Prostate
Authors: Sébastien Cimarelli, Florence Lachenal, Fabien Ricard, Catherine Chassagne-Clément, Pierre Etienne Heudel, Pierre Janody, Catherine Sebban
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Prostate involvement by non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is particularly rare and occurs in less than 1% of all NHL patients. We report the case of a 44-year-old man with a follicular lymphoma transformed into an aggressive CD20+ B-cell lymphoma involving the prostate. He was successfully treated with chemotherapy followed by therapeutic intensification using autologous bone marrow transplantation. Positron emission tomography (PET) using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose combined with computed tomography performed at staging, during chemotherapy and after the completion of treatment proved useful for assessing prostate infiltration by NHL.
Genetics and Counseling in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Grace Wolff
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The responsibility to treat the "whole patient" in the context of family is appreciated by most physicians. Those who care for children with the most common of birth defects, congenital heart disease, are particularly sensitive to this interplay. First, there is the difficulty of dealing with the child who has the disease; second, there arises the inevitable question of risk of recurrence in siblings and offspring. Corrective surgical procedures have allowed children with serious heart defects to achieve maturity and procreation. Accordingly, there is an attendant obligation for the physician to apprise the family of risks to future progeny. This most important aspect of patient care is made easier because of the splendid information offered in this book by Drs James and Audrey Nora. Their primary focus is on congenital heart disease, with a secondary focus on atherosclerotic and rheumatic heart disease. The well-illustrated section on chromosomal anomalies facilitates diagnostic
GAS BACILLUS INFECTION—A REPORT OF SIX CASES
Authors: L. BRUCE ROBERTSON
Journal: JAMA (1913)

There has recently appeared in the Annals of Surgery  1 a comprehensive report by Dr. Cramp of this hospital on this type of infection, therefore, it will be unnecessary to go into detail in regard to the history of the cases previously reported. Of the two deaths in this series, one was caused by a deep infection of the thigh muscles complicated by considerable hemorrhage; the other was that of a patient admitted in an advanced stage, though the infection was controlled before the patient succumbed to a pulmonary disease.  That an infection of this type in a localized area can be overcome by the body tissues, as in the untreated interscapular area in Case 2, is a fact already proved by Blake and Lahey. 2 The hydrogen peroxid used in these cases was the undiluted U. S. P. 3 per cent. solution.  Case 1.  —W. D., aged 17, was
Herpes Simplex Virus as a Cause Of Erythema Multiforme
Authors: W. B. Shelley
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Studies are reported on a patient with a seven-year history of recurrent attacks of erythema multiforme. In each instance, herpes simplex of the face preceded the generalized vesiculobullous eruption by seven to ten days. Intradermal skin tests with a formaldehyde inactivated herpes simplex antigen produced bullae which appeared to be erythema multiforme clinically and histologically. This is taken as evidence that erythema multiforme can be due to a hypersensitivity to the herpes simplex virus, and represents the first time erythema multiforme has been reproduced by an intradermal test.
Pattern and Recent Trends in the Financial Support of Medical Schools
Authors: Glen R. Leymaster
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THIS PRESENTATION is intended to provide a factual basis for understanding of the subsequent discussions. The present pattern of financing of medical schools will be presented very briefly, followed by data on recent trends to enable the listener to make some guesses as to the future pattern. These data are mainly derived from an annual questionnaire which has been a joint effort for several years of the Council on Medical Education and Hospitals and the Association of American Medical Colleges. Mr. A. J. Carroll of Syracuse University in recent years has provided guidance for the efforts of the 2 associations to obtain more reliable data regarding the financial operations of medical schools. Since there have been changes in accounting procedures over the years, the annual data are not strictly comparable but are sufficiently so to make comparisons of value. Since they are based on actual expenditures, the most recent information
"MOVEMENT OF THE DIAPHRAGM WITH PATIENT IN LATERAL POSTURE"
Authors: Tasker Howard
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Dr. Gerald B. Webb has called attention to an article published by Adams and Pillsbury in 1922 (Adams, R. D., and Pillsbury, H. C.: Position and Activities of the Diaphragm as Affected by Change of Posture,<i>Arch. Int. Med.</i><b>29:</b>245 [Feb.] 1922). This described the physical signs dependent on such changes, which were the subject of my article inThe Journal, April 19. This article was unfortunately overlooked by me, just as Adams and Pillsbury overlooked the original description of the position and activities of the diaphragm in the lateral posture by Hoffbauer and Holzknecht (Die Veränderungen des Standes und die Exkursionbreite des Zwerchfelles in den verschiedenen Korperlagen,<i>Mitt. a. d. Lab. f. radio. Diag. u. Therap.</i>, 1907). The whole subject is also reviewed in two recent papers, which were not published at the time my paper was written (Webb, G. B., and Sevier, J. A.:
Evolution of T-cell clonality in a patient with Ph-negative acute lymphocytic leukemia occurring after interferon and imatinib therapy for Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Liang Wang, Kanger Zhu, Xianfeng Zha, Shaohua Chen, Lijian Yang, Si Chen, Yangqiu Li
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2010)

Abstract Introduction The development of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) negative acute leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in patients with Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is very rare. The features of restrictive usage and absence of partial T cell clones have been found in patients with CML. However, the T-cell clonal evolution of Ph-negative malignancies during treatment for CML is still unknown. Objective To investigate the dynamic change of clonal proliferation of T cell receptor (TCR) Vα and Vβ subfamilies in one CML patient who developed Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after interferon and imatinib therapy. Methods The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples were collected at the 3 time points (diagnosis of Ph-positive chronic phase (CP) CML, developing Ph-negative ALL and post inductive chemotherapy (CT) for Ph-negative ALL, respectively). The CDR3 size of TCR Vα and Vβ repertoire were detected by RT-PCR. The PCR products were further analyzed by genescan to identify T cell clonality. Results The CML patient who achieved complete cytogenetic remission (CCR) after 5 years of IFN-α therapy suddenly developed Ph-negative ALL 6 months following switch to imatinib therapy. The expression pattern and clonality of TCR Vα/Vβ T cells changed in different disease stages. The restrictive expression of Vα/Vβ subfamilies could be found in all three stages, and partial subfamily of T cells showed clonal proliferation. Additionally, there have been obvious differences in Vα/Vβ subfamily of T cells between the stages of Ph-positive CML-CP and Ph-negative ALL. The Vα10 and Vβ3 T cells evolved from oligoclonality to polyclonality, the Vβ13 T cells changed from bioclonality to polyclonality, when Ph-negative ALL developed. Conclusions Restrictive usage and clonal proliferation of different Vα/Vβ subfamily T cells between the stages of Ph-positive CP and Ph-negative ALL were detected in one patient. These changes may play a role in Ph- negative leukemogenesis.
Surprising findings following a Belgian food contamination with polychlorobiphenyls and dioxins.
Authors: P J Schepens, A Covaci, P G Jorens, L Hens, S Scharpé, N van Larebeke
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We found that 12.1% of Belgian export meat samples from chicken or pork, unrelated to the PCB/dioxin crisis from 1999, contained more than 50 ng polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)/g fat and that 6.5% of samples contain more than 20 ng/g fat for the sum of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its metabolites. Part of this background contamination stems from imported animal feed ingredients (fish flour and grains), sometimes contaminated by recent use of DDT, as can be deduced from the ratio between DDT and its main metabolite, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE). However, after comparing PCB concentrations in fish flour and grains with those found in meat, we suggest that the high concentrations stem from recycled fat. This is the first paper describing background concentrations of PCBs in animal meat from Belgium.
Screening for carriers of cystic fibrosis through primary health care services.
Authors: E K Watson, E Mayall, J Chapple, M Dalziel, K Harrington, C Williams, R Williamson
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the uptake of cystic fibrosis carrier testing offered through primary health care services. DESIGN--Carrier testing for cystic fibrosis was offered to patients of reproductive age through primary health care services. SETTING--Three general practice surgeries and four family planning clinics in South West Hertfordshire District Health Authority. SUBJECTS--Over 1000 patients aged 16-44 attending two general practices and four family planning clinics and a stratified random sample of patients aged 16-44 from one general practice9s age-sex register. RESULTS--When screening was offered opportunistically the uptake was 66% in general practice and 87% in family planning clinics. Ten per cent of those offered a screening appointment by letter took up the invitation. Of the screened population, 76% had previously heard of cystic fibrosis, 35% realised it is inherited, and 18% realised that carriers need not have any family history. If they found themselves in an "at risk" partnership 39% would consider not having children and 26% would consider terminating an affected pregnancy, but in each case most people were unsure how they would react. CONCLUSIONS--Most people offered a cystic fibrosis test opportunistically wish to be tested, and the responses of those tested indicate that knowledge of carrier state would be considered in future reproductive decisions.
Clinical Use of Lactic Dehydrogenase
Authors: Russell J. Erickson, Daniel R. Morales
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

LymphomasThe largest study of SLDH in this group of neoplasms is again that of Bierman and his co-workers.25 Five of the 16 patients with normal values in their series were under treatment when assayed. Studying a smaller population, we41 corroborated their data. West and his associates32 showed a lower percentage of elevations in their series, and 3 other groups listed in Table 122,28,38 demonstrated a total of only 6 elevated values in 17 such patients. Cellular infiltration of the liver has been observed in patients with lymphomas who had high SLDH.32 This could indicate a basic mechanism for SLDH . . .
Perforation upon retroflexion: an endoscopic complication and repair
Authors: M. Bechtold, H. Hammad, M. Arif, A. Choudhary, S. Puli, M. Antillon
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Retroflexion in the rectum has been reported to cause perforation in a small number of cases [1] [2]. Of these, only one case, in which the perforation occurred below the peritoneal reflection, was repaired endoscopically [2]. We report a case of perforation above the peritoneal reflection upon colonoscope retroflexion with endoscopic closure in a healthy colon.