tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diaphragmatic Dysfunction after Open Heart Surgery: Treatment with a Rocking Bed
Authors: Antoine G. Abd
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Of 1225 patients undergoing open heart surgery over an 18-month period, 13 had diaphragmatic dysfunction due to phrenic nerve injury; 11 of these had internal mammary artery grafting. Nine had diaphragmatic dysfunction on the same side as the internal mammary artery graft side (7 bilateral and 2 unilateral) as determined by fluoroscopy during phrenic nerve stimulation. Although topical cardiac hypothermia has been the prevailing mechanism for diaphragmatic dysfunction due to phrenic nerve injury after open-heart surgery, dissection of the internal mammary artery with electrocautery, traction, or vascular compromise to the phrenic nerve, or a combination, could be additional factors. Rocking bed ventilation was instituted to facilitate passive diaphragmatic movement and airway decannulation and was continued at home until the phrenic nerve or nerves recovered. These patients were followed up clinically and with serial measurements of vital capacity, respiratory muscle strength, phrenic nerve latency, and fluoroscopy to determine recovery rate. Phrenic nerve recovery occurred from 4 to 27 months after surgery. This recovery was heralded by the patients' ability to assume the supine position without dyspnea when use of the rocking bed was discontinued. Unilateral diaphragmatic recovery was sufficient for the restoration of symptom-free supine posture.
Natural killer T cells recognize diacylglycerol antigens from pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Yuki Kinjo, Emmanuel Tupin, Douglass Wu, Masakazu Fujio, Raquel Garcia-Navarro, Mohammed Rafii-El-Idrissi Benhnia, Dirk M Zajonc, Gil Ben-Menachem, Gary D Ainge, Gavin F Painter, Archana Khurana, Kasper Hoebe, Samuel M Behar, Bruce Beutler, Ian A Wilson, Moriya Tsuji, Timothy J Sellati, Chi-Huey Wong, Mitchell Kronenberg
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
Mental Health Director: Bird of Passage
Authors: GEORGE A. ULETT, HARRY SCHNIBBE, LEONARD J. GANSER, WARREN A. THOMPSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The state mental health director today is in a position to integrate the mental health services demanded by society. There have been few attempts in the past to provide this position with the uniformity, standards, and security warranted by its potential value. Organized and private psychiatric groups need to support state mental health directors in order to ensure the influence of psychiatry in planning and achieving more adequate delivery of mental health services.
Validation of the Hepatoma Arterial Embolization Prognostic Score in European and Asian Populations and Proposed Modification
Authors: David J. Pinato, Tadaaki Arizumi, Elias Allara, Jeong Won Jang, Carlo Smirne, Young Woon Kim, Masatoshi Kudo, Mario Pirisi, Rohini Sharma
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
Vasoactive Substances in Blood and Urine of DCA Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Ramon Rosas, Hector Croxatto
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

The effect of intravenous injection of rat anephrotensin on rats treated with DCA for periods of up to 30 weeks was studied. It was found that in these animals, anephrotensin raises blood pressure, whereas in controls it acts as a depressor. Blood serum of DCA-treated rats yielded greater anephrotensin activity after acid incubation than did that of controls. Treated animals excreted, through the kidneys, more anephrotensin-like substance than controls. The pressor effect of the homogenized kidneys of these animals was less than that of controls; this is attributed to decrease in renin. Higher anephrotensin yield and the pressor response to anephrotensin were found to occur previous to the onset of hypertension; this suggests a causal relationship with the hypertension-provoking mechanism. The observations point to a similarity between DCA-treated and nephrectomized rats.
Prostaglandin (PGA_1), Blood Pressure, Plasma Renin Activity.
Authors: Albert A. Carr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Prostaglandin (PGA1), Blood Pressure, Plasma Renin Activity.Albert A. Carr, M.D.Albert A. Carr, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-830_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMany of the prostaglandins have vasoactive and metabolic properties. One of these cyclic fatty acids, PGA1, may be an ideal antihypertensive agent because it has predominately vasodepressor activity. A drop in arterial blood pressure is one of the main stimuli of renin release. Since prostaglandins and renin are found in the kidney and both are possibly involved in blood pressure control, it is important to determine a possible reciprocal relationship. PGA1was given by peripheral-vein infusion to patients with essential hypertension. Unlike other vasodepressors, such as sodium nitroprusside, hydralazine, and diazoxide, which cause renin release, PGA1given in amounts that... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Albert A. Carr, M.D.Affiliations: Augusta, Ga. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA Facile Synthesis of Substituted Indenones and Piperidine-2,6-diones from the Baylis-Hillman AcetatesChapter 5. Antihypertensive AgentsChapter 15. Prostaglandins and Related Compounds 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 830-830KeywordsBlood pressureFatty acidsHypertensionKidneysPlasma renin activityProstaglandinSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical, hematological, and biochemical features of Hb SC disease
Authors: Samir K. Ballas, Cynthia N. Lewis, Ann Marie Noone, Steven H. Krasnow, Embi Kamarulzaman, Edward R. Burka
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract Twenty‐seven patients were seen and followed at our Sickle Cell Center over a period of seven years. Their clinical, hematological, and biochemical features were determined and compared to those of patients with sickle cell anemia who were concurrently investigated. The data indicate that the mild anemia of hemoglobin (Hb) SC disease is slightly microcytic and hyperchromatic. Parameters of hemolysis and the complications of chronic hemolytic anemia (cholelithiasis, leg ulcers, hepatomegaly, and cardiomegaly) are milder in Hb SC disease than in sickle cell anemia. Asplenia and its sequelae (increased platelet count and reduced serum IgM levels) are less frequent in Hb SC disease. Cerebrovascular accidents and the decreased leukocyte alkaline phosphatase scores are similar in both diseases. Thromboembolic complications, retinopathy, and renal papillary necrosis are more frequent in Hb SC disease.
The contribution of endothelial cell P-selectin to the microvascular flow of mouse sickle erythrocytes in vivo
Authors: S. H. Embury
Journal: Blood (2004)

Microvascular occlusion in sickle cell disease can be initiated by adhesion of sickle red blood cells (RBCs) to the endothelium. Our objective in this study was to verify the relevance in vivo of our discovery that sickle RBCs adhere abnormally to endothelial P-selectin in vitro. We used computer-assisted intravital microscopy to characterize RBC flow velocity (VRBC) in mice. We found faster VRBC of sickle RBCs in P-selectin knock-out and control mice than in sickle cell mice, which have increased endothelial cell P-selectin expression. Agonist peptide for murine protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1), which selectively activates mouse endothelial cells but not platelets, was used to assess the effects of endothelial cell P-selectin on microvascular flow. Suffusion of venules with this agonist stopped flow promptly in normal and sickle mice but not in P-selectin knock-out mice or in control mice pretreated with anti-P-selectin monoclonal antibody or unfractionated heparin (UFH). Agonist-induced slowing of flow was reversed rapidly by suffusion with UFH, provided flow had not already stopped. We conclude that endothelial cell P-selectin contributes to the microcirculatory abnormalities in sickle cell disease and that blocking P-selectin may be useful for preventing painful vasoocclusion in sickle cell disease. (Blood. 2004;104:3378-3385)
Thyroxine-induced stimulation of hepatic cell transport of calcium and magnesium
Authors: Stanley Wallach, J. V. Bellavia, P. J. Gamponia, P. Bristrim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The effect of L-thyroxine on the bidirectional transport of calcium and magnesium in rat liver was assessed in vitro. An increase of 34% in the fractional coefficient for calcium influx was observed 24 hr after the administration of 500 μg of thyroxine. Chronic treatment with thyroxine for 1 and 3 wk at a dose of 750 μg/wk resulted in increases in calcium influx of 57 and 51%, respectively. Calcium efflux was increased irregularly, by 14-26%. Magnesium transport measured in a similar system was not altered by 24 or 48 hr of treatment with thyroxine, but continuation of treatment for 1-3 wk resulted in increases in magnesium influx of 47-49%. Magnesium efflux was not significantly affected. Neither increased cellular binding of divalent cations nor enhanced protein synthesis could be incriminated in the stimulatory effect of thyroxine on divalent cation transport. Actinomycin-D and D,L-ethionine, inhibitors of protein synthesis, stimulated calcium and magnesium transport in liver independently of the effects of thyroxine. These data present the possibility that certain actions of thyroid hormone may be mediated or modulated by associated, direct changes in the cellular transport and intracellular concentrations of divalent cations.
Quantitative predictability of carcinogenicity of the covalent binding index of chemicals to DNA: comparison of the in vivo and in vitro assays.
Authors: M Taningher, G Saccomanno, L Santi, S Grilli, S Parodi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The capability of covalent binding to DNA to predict the initiating potential of chemical carcinogens was compared for the assays performed in vivo (rodent liver DNA) and in vitro (purified DNA incubated in the presence of mouse and rat liver microsomes). A quantitative correlation between DNA adducts and carcinogenic potency was investigated. The in vivo assay appeared slightly, but not significantly, more predictive than the in vitro assay. Also predictivity was slightly higher both in vivo and in vitro when we referred to liver carcinogenicity instead of overall carcinogenicity. The predictive ability found for DNA covalent binding (both in vivo and in vitro) was similar to that of many short-term tests (such as mutagenicity, DNA damage/repair, SCEs, and cell transformation tests). The covalent DNA binding, measured after incubation with DNA in vitro in the presence of liver microsomes, could therefore be a reasonable short-term test offering greater rapidity of execution and requiring the sacrifice of fewer animals than the corresponding in vivo test.
ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Pathology
Authors: Mahul B. Amin, Jesse K. McKenney, Gladell P. Paner, Donna E. Hansel, David J. Grignon, Rodolfo Montironi, Oscar Lin, Merce Jorda, Lawrence C. Jenkins, Mark Soloway, Jonathan I. Epstein, Victor E. Reuter
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Comparison of Nuclear Bone and Gallium Scans in the Therapeutic Evaluation of Bone Lymphoma
Authors: TAE-YONG MOON, E EDMUND KIM, YOUNG-CHUL KIM, JUNE-KEY CHUNG, BYUNG-SOO KIM, SUK-HONG LEE, KUN-IL KIM, DONALD A. PODOLOFF
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The objective of this study was to compare Tc-99m MDP bone and Ga-67 scans for the therapeutic response to bone lymphoma in 40 patients. The authors retrospectively compared 40 Tc-99m MDP bone scans and 20 Ga-67 scans before therapy, 29 bone scans and 13 Ga-67 scans during the therapy, and 33 bone scans and 15 Ga-67 scans after therapy. Tc-99m MDP and Ga-67 whole body scans were obtained within 2 weeks of each study and were graded visually (grades 1–4) in which grade 3 means similar count density to that of normal iliac alar activity on bone scans and normal liver activity on Ga-67 scans, respectively. The findings of lesion improvement during and after therapy were found in 66.0% (19 of 29) and 72.7% (24 of 33) with Tc-99m MDP bone scans, 84.6% (11 of 13) and 86.7% (13 of 15) with Ga-67 scans, respectively. The mean grades of Tc-99m MDP uptake were 3.06 before, 2.34 during, and 1.75 after therapy. The mean grades of Ga-67 uptake were 3.22 before, 1.42 during, and 1.30 after therapy. Ga-67 scans appear to be more reliable than Tc-99m MDP bone scans in evaluating the therapeutic response of bone lymphoma.
Memory CD27+ B220− B Cell Subpopulation is Decreased in Both Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID)
Authors: P. Sriaroon, M.R. Morrow, C.M. Duff, S.N. Hudey, M.M. Goodenow, J.W. Sleasman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Alastair Lowry Macafee
Authors: D. Macafee, B. Macafee
Journal: BMJ (2010)

After house jobs, Alastair Lowry Macafee became a tutor in pathology and undertook an MD in Belfast until 1963. Post FRCS, his surgical training culminated in a consultant trauma and orthopaedic post based out of the Ulster, Musgrave Park, and Ards hospitals. He held …
Phosphorescent nanoparticles for quantitative measurements of oxygen profiles in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Nak Won Choi, Scott S. Verbridge, Rebecca M. Williams, Jin Chen, Ju-Young Kim, Russel Schmehl, Cornelia E. Farnum, Warren R. Zipfel, Claudia Fischbach, Abraham D. Stroock
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Nasal Fossa Hemorrhage Mimicking a Post-Endoscopic Sphincterotomy Bleed
Authors: L. Familiari, P. Familiari, G. Di Giuseppe, A. Macri, M. Longo, C. Pratico, B. Galletti, C. Famulari
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

We report a patient with bleeding from an unusual arteriovenous fistula of the nasal fossa (see Figure [1]), which was initially misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal bleeding following endoscopic sphincterotomy.
Willingness of patients with ankylosing spondylitis to pay for inpatient treatment is influenced by the treatment environment and expectations of improvement
Authors: A Boonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<b>Objective:</b> To assess the willingness to pay (WTP) for treatment in a spa resort of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to assess if the experience of a spa influences the WTP. <b>Methods:</b> 120 patients participating in a randomised trial comparing 3 weeks' treatment in a spa resort in Austria or in the Netherlands with a control group completed a WTP questionnaire before and after spa treatment. Patients indicated on a payment card the maximal co-payment they wanted to contribute for three scenarios that included (<i>a</i>) two levels of improvement in pain and stiffness and (<i>b</i>) two treatment environments: a rehabilitation hospital and a spa resort. <b>Results:</b> At baseline, patients wanted to contribute more for the same improvement after treatment in a spa resort compared with a rehabilitation hospital (p&lt;0.003), and were prepared to pay more when expected effects were higher (p&lt;0.001). No differences were found between men and women, pain, or income. After the trial none of the treatment groups showed a change in their WTP. <b>Conclusion:</b> The WTP of patients with AS for inpatient treatment is influenced by the treatment environment and the expected improvement. Experiencing treatment in a spa resort does not influence the co-payment.
Fibrin Breakdown Products in the Urine of Patients with Renal Disease.
Authors: Derek D. Gellman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Fibrin Breakdown Products in the Urine of Patients with Renal Disease.Derek D. Gellman, M.D., F.A.C.P., Esther D. Israels, M.D., Georgina R. Hogg, M.D., Ashley E. Thomson, M.D.Derek D. Gellman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Esther D. Israels, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Georgina R. Hogg, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Ashley E. Thomson, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-805_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe deposition of fibrin in the glomeruli is a common histological finding in renal disease. It is to be expected that breakdown products of fibrinogen and fibrin might find their way into the urine. Fibrinogen breakdown products were measured in the urine of 47 patients with a variety of renal diseases, predominantly the glomerulonephritides. These patients were studied by standard nephrological techniques including renal biopsy. Fibrinogen breakdown products were assayed by a hemagglutination-inhibition technique sensitive to a level of 4 μg/100 ml. Normal urine contains no measurable breakdown products.Fibrinogen breakdown products were found in the urine in 28 patients.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Derek D. Gellman, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Esther D. Israels, M.D.; Georgina R. Hogg, M.D.; Ashley E. Thomson, M.D.Affiliations: Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 805-805KeywordsBiopsyFibrinFibrinogenGlomerulonephritisRenal diseasesUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Pathogenicity of Staphylococci
Authors: George Gee Jackson, Harry F. Dowling, Mark H. Lepper, Winifred Rickert, Ethel Rosenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE bacterial species Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) is often highly pathogenic for human beings, but the virulence of individual strains within the species varies considerably and except when a strain has been isolated from an obviously infected lesion its pathogenicity is always open to question. For this reason any test that can be correlated with pathogenicity in human patients is desirable. The production of coagulase is the test most widely used to indicate pathogenicity in vitro, and yet coagulase-positive staphylococci are commonly found in the absence of disease and, vice versa, coagulase-negative staphylococci occasionally cause infection. The present . . .
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced inhibition of phosphatidylcholine synthesis by human type II pneumocytes is partially mediated by prostaglandins.
Authors: J Arias-Díaz, E Vara, C García, J L Balibrea
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

TNF alpha seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome. We studied the effect of TNF alpha on phospholipid synthesis by isolated type II pneumocytes and attempted to characterize the role of arachidonate metabolites and the influence of pentoxifylline on such an effect. Lung tissue obtained from both multiple organ donors (n = 14) and lung cancer patients (n = 11) was used for cell isolation. Surfactant synthesis was measured by the incorporation of D-[U-14C]glucose into phosphatidylcholine (PC). The basal PC synthesis was higher in the donor group than in the malignant group (3.44 +/- 0.19 vs 2.15 +/- 0.15 pmol/microgram protein x 120 min, P < 0.01), and, in the presence of 100 ng/ml of TNF alpha, the incorporation of labeled glucose into PC was reduced significantly in both donor (1.13 +/- 0.11 vs 3.44 +/- 0.19 pmol/microgram protein x 120 min, P < 0.01) and cancer (0.99 +/- 0.11 vs 2.15 +/- 0.15 pmol/microgram protein x 120 min, P < 0.01) groups. Indomethacin was able to completely block the cytokine-induced decrease in PC synthesis by pneumocytes from the malignant group and to attenuate the inhibitory effect of TNF alpha in those from donors, nordihydroguaiaretic acid having a similar effect. The TNF alpha effect can be blocked by pentoxifylline (100 micrograms/ml), a substance which can even succeed in reverting the basal secretory inhibition of cancer patients' pneumocytes to levels similar to those of the donor group. TNF alpha may contribute to the pathophysiology of adult respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting the synthesis of surfactant. TNF alpha might be produced in lung tumors, resulting in chronic paracrine or systemic exposure of pneumocytes to low concentrations of the cytokine. The TNF alpha effect was not prevented completely by the blockage of the arachidonic acid metabolism, hence other mediators should also be implicated.
THE STRUCTURE OF ELASTIC TISSUE AS STUDIED WITH THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
Authors: Jerome Gross
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

Electron microscope examination of fragmented elastic tissue obtained from fish swim bladder, bovine ligamentum nuchae, and aortas of various mammals, including man, reveals characteristically formed fibers and much amorphous material. Boiling in dilute acid destroys the associated collagen but does not obviously alter the elastic tissue. Digestion in crystalline trypsin of either boiled or unheated tissue from any of the above-mentioned sources causes the release of thin threads ranging in length from 0.1 micro to many microns. A large proportion of these threads are evenly and tightly coiled double helices formed from at least two interlacing filaments and measuring about 120 A in width. The distance between coils ranges from about 470 to 590 A. The individual smooth filaments, many of which are present in parallel pairs, measure approximately 70 A in width. Raising the pH of a neutral suspension of threads from ligamentum nuchae lowers the ratio of helical threads to uncoiled filaments, whereas lowering the pH with acetic acid results in clumping of threads with complete loss of identity at about pH 3.6. Threads and filaments obtained from all sources studied were destroyed in the temperature range 75-85 degrees C. at pH 7. It is concluded that the elastic fiber is a two component system composed of bundles of trypsin-resistant threads of characteristic form and size plus a trypsin-sensitive, heat-resistant "amorphous" binding matrix. The possible relationship of this structure to the elastic properties of the tissue is discussed.
Splenic artery aneurysms in liver transplant patients
Authors: László Kóbori, Marjan J. van der Kolk, Koert P. de Jong, Paul M.J.G. Peeters, Ids J. Klompmaker, Theo Kok, Elizabeth B. Haagsma, Maarten J.H. Slooff
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)