tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thomas Wilson Roddie
Authors: Anne Nicholls, Ian Roddie
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist Lagan Valley Hospital, Lisburn, Northern Ireland (b Belfast 1921; q Queen's University, Belfast, 1944; FRCOG), died from congestive heart failure secondary to aortic valvular disease on 5 August 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




After training in obstetrics and gynaecology in Belfast, Newcastle upon Tyne, and Sheffield Wilson Roddie became senior registrar at the Royal Maternity and Royal Victoria Hospitals in Belfast. In 1955 he was appointed consultant/senior lecturer at the Kandang Kerbau Hospital in Singapore, the main obstetric teaching hospital of the University of Malaya. From 1959 until his retirement in 1986 he was consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist at the Lagan Valley Hospital, Lisburn, and the Musgrave Park Hospital, Belfast. Predeceased by his wife, Alix, he leaves two daughters and two grandsons.
Prophylactic PUVA and UVB therapy in polymorphic light eruption—a controlled trial
Authors: G.M. MURPHY, R.A. LOGAN, C.R. LOVELL, R.W. MORRIS, J.L.M. HAWK, I.A. MAGNUS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

A double-blind controlled trial of low-dose prophylactic oral psoralen photochemotherapy (PUVA) and ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiation therapy was undertaken from April to September 1983 in 42 patients with polymorphic light eruption (PLE). Patients were randomly allocated to three groups, PUVA with oral 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), UVB with oral placebo, and control low-dose UVA with oral placebo. The initial dose given to each active treatment group was a third of the predetermined minimal phototoxic or erythema dose, followed three times weekly for 6 weeks by doses incremented by an eighth on each occasion in the PUVA group and by a seventh in the UVB group. Ultraviolet radiation exposure was monitored throughout with polysulphone film lapel badges. Patients recorded their symptoms on a visual analogue scale. Symptoms of rash and itch in patients treated with PUVA and UVB were significantly less affected by increasing exposure to ultraviolet radiation than were these symptoms in control patients.
Consequences of Blowing the Whistle in Medical Research
Authors: Miriam Shuchman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Currents20 June 2000Consequences of Blowing the Whistle in Medical ResearchMiriam ShuchmanMiriam ShuchmanSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00102 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Over the past few years, medical science has had its share of whistle blowers. Controversy has erupted at several universities because scientists have revealed confidential data that reflected negatively on drugs or other products (Shuchman M. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 129:341-4) or have publicized private correspondence and conversations that were seemingly intended to intimidate (Undue influence. CBC Radio, IDEAS, 27-28 October 1999. Transcript available from [email protected]). This article discusses four whistle blowers and the ways in which their actions affected their careers as medical scientists.Anne HolbrookFrom 1997 to 1999, Anne Holbrook, MD, PharmD, MSc, a physician and pharmacist ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Consequences of Whistle-blowing: An Integrative ReviewWhistle blowing and research integrity: Potential remedy for research misconduct in Malaysian institutions of higher educationTo Tell or Not to Tell? The Ethical Dilemma of the Would-Be WhistleblowerStakeholder theory: antidote to a drug company's market health?Ethical dilemmas encountered during clinical drug trialsA cautionary tale: the dysfunction of American health careHealth economists meet the fourth tempter: drug dependency and scientific discourse 20 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 12Page: 1013-1014KeywordsComplete blood countDrugsInformation storage and retrievalLungsPharmacistsPrevention, policy, and public healthResearch fundingScientistsThyroxineTreatment guidelines Issue Published: 20 June 2000 CopyrightCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Healing of gastric ulcers after one, two, and three months of ranitidine.
Authors: M G Ashton, C D Holdsworth, F P Ryan, M Moore
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) was compared with placebo in 42 patients with gastric ulcer. The study was conducted as a double-blind trial for one month, followed by an open assessment of one, two, and three months of ranitidine in the patients with persistent ulceration. Thirty-eight patients completed the double-blind trial. Repeat endoscopy confirmed complete healing in 16 of the 21 who had received ranitidine and five of the 17 who had received placebo (p less than 0.01). The remaining 17 patients with persistent ulceration participated in the open assessment. The combined cumulative healing rates of ranitidine at four, eight, and 12 weeks were 73%, 88%, and 97%. There were no adverse effects or unusual reasons for withdrawal from the study (four patients). Ranitidine appears to be a safe and highly effective treatment of gastric ulceration, with about 90% of ulcers healed after eight weeks.
Deaths from asthma.
Authors: J. J. Robbins
Journal: BMJ (1968)

asthmatic patient's restlessness and irrational behaviour is due to his anoxaemia and hypercarbia and can be safely relieved only by adequate ventilation.So far as the actual management of status asthmaticus is concerned, I am again highly surprised to see so many experts putting such great accent on the use of corticosteroids without mention of the fundamental approach of hydration of the patient in status asthmaticus.This is im- perative if we are to encourage the thinning out and eventual expectoration of the dried- up secretions and mucous plugs.Undetected respiratory infections have been reported as one of the causes of death in bronchial asthma, and a high index of suspicion with prompt and adequate institution of an appropriate antibiotic therapy could save many lives.Finally, close follow-up of the clinical pic- ture as well as frequent evaluation of the level of blood gases and the availability of a team of trained personnel for possible assisted respiration is invaluable if we are to do all in our power to save these patients.-Iam, etc.,
Two-dimensional echocardiographic identification of surgically correctable complications of acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: G S Mintz, M F Victor, M N Kotler, W R Parry, B L Segal
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The appearance of a new, loud systolic murmur in a patient with congestive heart failure after an acute myocardial infarction suggests a surgically correctable cause of the heart failure. Using two-dimensional echocardiography, we studied 14 patients who presented in this manner. Four patients had rupture of a papillary muscle with a flail mitral valve. All four had surgery; three survived. Five patients had fibrosis of the posteromedial papillary muscle. All five had surgery; three survived. Five patients had a ventricular septal defect. Three of the five had surgery; one survived. Two-dimensional echocardiography is useful in studying patients with a new systolic murmur and congestive heart failure after acute myocardial infarction to detect surgically correctable structural defects.
Three more general practices in England to be run by private company
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

GPs in England say that they cannot compete with private companies in bidding to take over the running of general practices that come up for tender. It was announced last week that a London primary care trust had awarded to a US private healthcare company a contract to run three practices.

The US company won the contract despite competition from a consortium of local GPs who had previously been managing one of the practices successfully.

Camden Primary Care Trust awarded the tender to UnitedHealth Primary Care. The company will start running three general practices at King’s Cross Road Practice, Camden Road Practice, and Brunswick Medical Centre over the next few months.

Four local GPs who bid for Brunswick Medical Centre, which they had been managing successfully for the previous six months, allege that the primary care trust had “not provided …
Dense genomic sampling identifies highways of pneumococcal recombination
Authors: Claire Chewapreecha, Simon R Harris, Nicholas J Croucher, Claudia Turner, Pekka Marttinen, Lu Cheng, Alberto Pessia, David M Aanensen, Alison E Mather, Andrew J Page, Susannah J Salter, David Harris, Francois Nosten, David Goldblatt, Jukka Corander, Julian Parkhill, Paul Turner, Stephen D Bentley
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Points: Christ Church conference on postgraduate education--25 years on
Authors: J R Young
Journal: BMJ (1987)

recognised or treated properly.As there is no widely accepted treatment for myalgic encephalomyelitis as an "organic" disorder it is important to recognise and treat any reversible illness, particularly if patients face "a long period of physical incapacity ... from ten to twenty years."'Physical and psychological assessment of patients with suspected myalgic encephalomyelitis may help to prevent more suicides in patients with this disorder.' 1 Ramsay AM.Post-viral fatigue syndrome: the saga of Royal Free disease.
THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
Authors: JOHN B. HAMILTON
Journal: JAMA (1898)

It is with pleasure that I respond to the polite request of the energetic and distinguished President of Shurtleff College and speak to you at this time and place. The subject assigned was part of your annual series, and one naturally congenial to me. I feel, however, very deeply my sense of responsibility of inadequately treating so vast a subject and of doing justice to a profession which is only junior to that of the priesthood itself, and has proceeded from such an early period of time that its records blend with the legends of mythology and the Vedas, Vagas and Charakas of oriental lore. The friends of Shurtleff College should take a deep interest in matters pertaining to the medical profession; for, its name is due to a member of that profession, Dr. Benjamin Shurtleff, of Chelsea, Mass., its founder. As to the origin of the profession of medicine,
Abstract 15708: In Both Hypertrophic And Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Non-contrast T1 Mapping Provides Myocardial Tissue Characterization Beyond That Achieved By Late Gadolinium Enhancement.
Authors: Sairia Dass, Joseph J Suttie, Stefan K Piechnik, Vanessa M Ferreira, Cameron Holloway, Theodoros D Karamitsos, Matthew D Robson, Hugh Watkins, Stefan Neubauer
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Non contrast T1 mapping provides a novel quantitative method for myocardial tissue characterization. Although T1 mapping has been investigated in ischaemic heart disease, its role in ...
CLINICAL RESULTS OF GASTRO-ENTEROSTOMY FOR NON-MALIGNANT DISEASES
Authors: JOHN DUDLEY DUNHAM
Journal: JAMA (1910)

There have been very few accurate and thorough reports on the results of gastro-enterostomy for ulcer of the stomach. Bettman and White<sup>1</sup>have collected reports of 150 cases with results after the lapse of at least one year. Bamberger<sup>2</sup>has studied 836 cases in which operation was performed for chronic ulcer of the stomach. The former study shows an immediate mortality of 10 per cent., the latter, 12.2 per cent. To this must be added a late mortality from complications in Bettman and White's series of 14.6 per cent. and in Bamberger's cases of 5 per cent. (complete late reports lacking in many of Bamberger's series). We find, then a total mortality of 24.6 per cent. in one series and 17.2 per cent. in the second series. The group of 836 cases showed 74 per cent. cures; 13.4 per cent. unchanged. In the group of 150 cases there
Hydrocephalus with Dementia
Authors: Vincent P. Perlo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

A new method of therapy in the management of certain patients with organic dementia has appeared during recent years. In 1965 Adams et al. reported three cases of dementia associated with hydrocephalus and normal cerebrospinal-fluid pressure, with dramatic improvement in each case after ventriculovenous shunting.1 In a remarkable way, as the hydrocephalus was relieved, normal mental function was restored to patients who had previously been severely demented. As long as the shunt remained patent, improvement was maintained. To explain the hydrodynamic factors involved in normal-pressure hydrocephalus in which the block in cerebrospinal-fluid circulation occurs over the cerebral convexities, Hakim has . . .
A double-blind controlled trial of etretinate (Tigason) and ibuprofen in psoriatic arthritis.
Authors: R Hopkins, H A Bird, H Jones, J Hill, K E Surrall, C Astbury, A Miller, V Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

Etretinate (Tigason) and ibuprofen have been compared in a double-blind controlled trial in psoriatic arthritis to see if we could confirm a specific action for this vitamin A derivative suggested from earlier uncontrolled studies. Eleven out of 20 patients completed 24 weeks of therapy with etretinate (up to 0.5 mg/kg/day) whereas only 1/20 patients completed 24 weeks of therapy with ibuprofen alone. Etretinate improved skin lesions, and this may have encouraged patients to persist with it. Improvement of statistical significance was seen for articular index in both groups. In addition significant improvement in ESR, haemoglobin, C-reactive protein, and histidine occurred in the etretinate group. The main side effects of etretinate (which may preclude its use at a higher dose in this condition) included cracked and dried lips and sore mouth.
Effects of Phorbol Myristate Acetate on the Metabolism and Ultrastructure of Neutrophils in Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Authors: John E. Repine, James G. White, C. Carlyle Clawson, Beulah M. Holmes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Previous investigations have demonstrated that phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), the active principle of croton oil, stimulates alterations in normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) that resemble closely the changes that develop in the cells after phagocytosis of bacteria. The present study has compared the effects of PMA and heat-killed bacteria on the oxygen uptake, glucose oxidation, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction, and ultrastructure of normal neutrophils and PMN from six patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). PMA stimulated oxygen consumption, hexose monophosphate shunt activity, and NBT reduction in normal cells but failed to produce similar effects in CGD neutrophils. However, PMA did induce formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles in the CGD cells similar to those observed in normal neutrophils. The results indicate that PMA is a useful nonparticulate agent for distinguishing between normal and CGD neutrophils and for studying basic mechanisms of phagocytosis in normal and abnormal PMN.
The AMA's Campaign Against Cholesterol-Reply
Authors: Steven V. Seekins
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> The letter by Dr Stare takes issue with the Campaign Against Cholesterol announced recently by the American Medical Association (AMA). Dr Stare objects to the campaign on the basis that the cholesterol factor is of minor importance as a risk factor in cardiovascular disease and suggests that our efforts might be directed in different ways. That cholesterol is of minor importance as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease is a subjective opinion. The recent report of the expert panel organized by the National Cholesterol Education Program certainly supports the contention that reducing the level of cholesterol is an important means of reducing morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Many well-designed studies, including the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial, the Framingham Study, and the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, indicate that elevated levels of blood cholesterol contribute to early death from coronary heart disease. In fact,
STATE PROVISION FOR THE TREATMENT OF VENEREAL DISEASE
Authors: C. F. Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1916)

Abstract  Objectives: To understand why general practitioners prescribe antibiotics for some cases of sore throat and to explore the factors that influence their prescribing.  Design: Grounded theory interview study.  Setting: General practice.  Participants: 40 general practitioners: 25 in the maximum variety sample and 15 in the theoretical sample.  Results: General practitioners are uncertain which patients will benefit from antibiotics but prescribe for sicker patients and for patients from socioeconomically deprived backgrounds because of concerns about complications. They are also more likely to prescribe in pressured clinical contexts. Doctors are mostly comfortable with their prescribing decisions and are not prescribing to maintain the doctor-patient relationship.  Conclusions: General practitioners have reduced prescribing for sore throat in response to research and policy initiatives. Further interventions to reduce prescribing would need to improve identification of patients at risk of complications and be workable in busy clinical situations.  What is already known on this topic  Prescribing of antibiotics for sore throat has fallen in the past 10 years  General practitioners overestimate patients9 expectations for antibiotics  What this study adds  General practitioners are uncertain who benefits most from antibiotics for sore throat and are particularly concerned about complications  Maintaining the doctor-patient relationship was not the primary reason for prescribing antibiotics  Doctors are mostly comfortable with their antibiotic prescribing for sore throat
Scorpion Bite Treatment With Chlorpromazine
Authors: H. L. Masco
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A few years ago, while working in Arizona on Indian reservations for the Public Health Service, I treated scorpion bites on three occasions. I learned from my colleagues that there was little to do for these patients but sedate them with barbiturates and observe them for a day or two if they seemed to have very toxic effects. This required in some cases huge or repeated doses of barbiturates and could take hours of observation. During the treatment of my first case in a 4-year-old girl, she appeared to be psychotic and I administered a small amount of chlorpromazine, intravenously. This was after approximately three hours of unsuccessful atempts at sedation with barbiturate, a total amount of a fantastic 160 mg of phenobarbital. The chlorpromazine yielded dramatic results within minutes. Subsequently I treated two similar reactions in 8- and 10-year-old boys with chlorpromazine intramuscularly with the same
The FDA, Preemption, and the Supreme Court
Authors: Leonard H. Glantz, George J. Annas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Next fall, the Court will hear a case about preemption and FDA-approved drugs. The pharmaceutical industry is arguing that once the FDA approves a drug, the preemption doctrine implicitly deprives injured persons of the opportunity to prove it was inadequately labeled. Leonard Glantz and George Annas discuss the issue.
Inositol monophosphatase inhibitors—Lithium mimetics?
Authors: John R. Atack
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (1997)

Given the putative role of inositol monophosphatase (IMPase) as the molecular target for the therapeutic effects of lithium, inhibitors of this enzyme have been proposed to be lithium-mimetics. Although cation and natural product inhibitors of IMPase have been described, these have not proved suitable for cell culture studies due to a lack of specificity. On the other hand, substrate (inositol 1-phosphate)-based inhibitors have proved useful for showing that this class of compounds mimic lithium with respect to effects on the phosphatidylinositol (PI) cell-signaling pathway. However, since these compounds are highly charged, their polarity means they are not suitable for in vivo use. Finally, the recent elucidation of the structure and mechanism of IMPase may provide the opportunity to develop compounds which specifically interact with key structural and mechanistic features of the enzyme and would represent novel structure- or mechanism-based inhibitors.
Methylprednisolone pulse therapy for nonrenal lupus erythematosus.
Authors: S Eyanson, M H Passo, M A Aldo-Benson, M D Benson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone therapy has previously been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of renal lupus erythematosus. The present report presents 2 patients with life-threatening, nonrenal lupus erythematosus. One patient had coma and seizures, while the other had sever thrombocytopenia and anaemia. Both had failed to respond to oral corticosteroid therapy in high doses but had dramatic clinical responses with intravenous methylprednisolone given in 'pulses.' Possible mechanisms of clinical improvement are discussed.
Brain denies being forbidding and insensitive to change
Authors: A. Compston
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—In his editorial on forbidding research, froth, and colour in journals and magazines, Smith places Brain and Cosmopolitan at opposite ends of the spectrum of articles that are published.1 We are amused by this, but we hope that, without pausing too long from the important task of developing tactics for encouraging subscribers actually to read the BMJ (and for pleasure, not as a chore), he might …
Pretreatment fibrinogen levels are associated with response to chemotherapy in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung: Department of veterans affairs cooperative study 188
Authors: Kenneth R. Meehan, Leo R. Zacharski, Thomas E. Moritz, Frederick R. Rickles
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract Small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) responds commonly to combination chemotherapy but resistance to therapy follows. Prior reports have suggested that a relationship may exist between plasma fibrinogen levels and response to therapy in SCCL. This study was designed to determine the possible predictive value of the fibrinogen level for tumor response (chemoresistance) in SCCL. Pretreatment fibrinogen levels were correlated with outcome and response to therapy in a cohort of 119 previously untreated patients with SCCL who were admitted to VA Cooperative Study 188. Higher pretreatment fibrinogen levels at diagnosis correlated significantly with more advanced stage of disease at entry ( P 0.001) and with reduced overall survival ( P 0.030). In addition, higher pretreatment fibrinogen levels were correlated significantly with a reduced likelihood of achieving subsequent disease regression with combination chemotherapy ( P = 0.005). Because several clinical trials have shown that anticoagulant therapy improves tumor response rates and survival of SCCL, we postulate that tumor cell thrombin generation not only promotes SCCL growth but may also be primarily responsible for both increased fibrinogen levels and for resistance to chemotherapy. These findings provide incentive for studies of thrombin effects on the development of multidrug esistance, and for new clinical trials of more potent and specific inhibitors of thrombin that may further improve tumor response and survival in SCCL. ©1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.