tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Maintenance Treatment Approaches for Childhood Overweight
Authors: Denise E. Wilfley, Richard I. Stein, Brian E. Saelens, Danyte S. Mockus, Georg E. Matt, Helen A. Hayden-Wade, R. Robinson Welch, Kenneth B. Schechtman, Paul A. Thompson, Leonard H. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (2007)

No trials for childhood overweight have examined maintenance interventions to augment the effects of initial weight loss programs.To determine the short-term and long-term efficacy of 2 distinct weight maintenance approaches vs no continued treatment control following standard family-based behavioral weight loss treatment for childhood overweight, and to examine children's social functioning as a moderator of outcome.A parallel-group, randomized controlled trial conducted between October 1999 and July 2004 in a university-based weight control clinic. Participants were 204 healthy 7- to 12-year-olds, 20% to 100% above median body mass index (BMI) for age and sex, with at least 1 overweight parent. Children enrolled in 5 months of weight loss treatment and 150 were randomized to 1 of 3 maintenance conditions. Follow-up assessments occurred immediately following maintenance treatments and 1 and 2 years following randomization.Maintenance conditions included the control group or 4 months of behavioral skills maintenance (BSM) or social facilitation maintenance (SFM) treatment.BMI z score and percentage overweight.Children receiving either BSM or SFM maintained relative weight significantly better than children assigned to the control group from randomization to postweight maintenance (P< or =.01 for all; effect sizes d = 0.72-0.96; mean changes in BMI z scores = -0.04, -0.04, -0.05, and 0.05 for BSM alone, SFM alone, BSM and SFM together, and the control group, respectively). Active maintenance treatment efficacy relative to the control group declined during follow-up, but the effects of SFM alone (P = .03; d = 0.45; mean change in BMI z score = -0.24) and when analyzed together with BSM (P = .04; d = 0.38; mean change in BMI z score = -0.22) were significantly better than the control group (mean change in BMI z score = -0.06) when examining BMI z score outcomes from baseline to 2-year follow-up. Baseline child social problem scores moderated child relative weight change from baseline to 2-year follow-up, with low social problem children in SFM vs the control group having the best outcomes.The addition of maintenance-targeted treatment improves short-term efficacy of weight loss treatment for children relative to no maintenance treatment. However, the waning of effects over follow-up, although moderated by child initial social problems, suggests the need for the bolstering of future maintenance treatments to sustain effects.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00301197.
Granulomatous Hepatitis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: G.E. Feurle, H.-J. Bröker, C. Tschahargane
Journal: Endoscopy (1982)

Liver disease is rarely present in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Nevertheless, a recent retrospective study has found a broad spectrum of hepatic pathology in patients with SLE. It is, however, open to question whether this association is fortuitous, or whether any particular form of liver disease represents a manifestation of SLE. The following observation may provide an answer. In a patient granulomatous hepatitis appeared and subsided simultaneously with an exacerbation of SLE. This time course suggests that granulomatous hepatitis may represent a manifestation of SLE.
Campylobacter Enteritis Associated with Contaminated Water
Authors: RICHARD L. VOGT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Approximately 3000 people in Bennington, Vermont, 19% of the population, had a diarrheal illness during the first and second weeks of June 1978. Persons affected reported abdominal cramps (86%), diarrhea (82%), malaise (73%), and headache (47%). The mean duration of illness was 4.6 days. The illness was associated with drinking unboiled water from the town water system. Investigation showed that the entire water system was probably contaminated and the source of contamination was the main unfiltered water source. Bolles Brook. Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni was cultured from 15 of 42 rectal swabs obtained from persons who had been ill, but not from swabs obtained from 23 persons who served as controls. No environmental samples of water and no specimens from wild or domestic animals were positive for Campylobacter. This appears to be the first waterborne outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with C. fetus subspecies jejuni.
P52 The Use of Magnetic Resonance Studies [MR] in Assessing Response and Guiding Duration of Treatment in Spinal Tuberculosis
Authors: KA Chengappa, J Lucas, HJ Milburn
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Significant delays still occur in the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis [sTB] and there is little consensus on the follow-up and duration of treatment. Current UK and international guidelines for sTB still recommend standard short course chemotherapy but this does not reflect clinical practise. <h3>Aims and methods</h3> We performed a retrospective study at a UK teaching hospital to identify the demographic and clinical features of our sTB population and the value of spinal magnetic resonance studies [MR] in guiding response to and duration of treatment. <h3>Results</h3> Data was available for 26 patients [2005–2011] with an average age of 40 years [60% male]. Mean time to diagnosis was 9.3 months. At presentation the commonest symptoms were back pain –26/26, constitutional symptoms [fevers, sweats, weight loss] – 12/26 and neurological symptoms – 12/26. In 13/26 [50%], the diagnosis was made following an emergency admission. Positive microbiology was obtained in 19/26 and 84% of these were fully sensitive organisms. 42% had disease at multiple spinal levels and 73% had associated paraspinal abscesses. At 6 months only 2/26 [7%] had MR evidence of resolution of active disease and 11/26 [42%] had persisting symptoms [back pain and neurological symptoms]. The median number of follow-up scans/patient was 2 and mean duration of treatment was 10.7 months. Of the 24 patients who received &gt;6 months treatment, 5 [20%] still had symptoms after completion [back pain]. <h3>Conclusions</h3> MR provides a useful means of assessing response to treatment and can help in deciding duration of treatment. However the frequency/intervals at which scans should be done is not clear.
Risk assessment for heart disease and workplace ETS exposure among nonsmokers.
Authors: K Steenland
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

In 1994 the U.S. Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) published a study of risk assessment for heart disease and lung cancer resulting from workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) among nonsmokers. This assessment is currently being revised. The present article considers different possible approaches to a risk assessment for heart disease among nonsmokers resulting from workplace ETS exposure, reviews the approach taken by OSHA in 1994, and suggests some modifications to that approach. Since 1994 the literature supporting an association between ETS exposure and heart disease among never smokers (sometimes including long-term former smokers) has been strengthened by new studies, including some studies that have specifically considered workplace exposure. A number of these studies are appropriate for inclusion in a meta-analysis, whereas a few may not be due to methodological problems or problems in exposure definition. A meta-analysis of eight relative risks (either rate ratios or odds ratios) for heart disease resulting from workplace ETS exposure, based on one reasonable selection of appropriate studies, yields a combined relative risk of 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.41). This relative risk, which is similar to that used by OSHA in 1994, yields an excess risk of death from heart disease by age 70 of 7 per 1000 (95% CI 0.001-0.013) resulting from ETS exposure in the workplace. This excess risk exceeds OSHA's usual threshold for regulation of 1 per 1000. Approximately 1,710 excess ischemic heart disease deaths per year would be expected among nonsmoking U.S. workers 35-69 years of age exposed to workplace ETS.
Inhibition of MDM2 homodimerization by XIAP IRES stabilizes MDM2, influencing cancer cell survival
Authors: Tao Liu, Hailong Zhang, Jing Xiong, Sha Yi, Lubing Gu, Muxiang Zhou
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

It is known that the MDM2 protein is stabilized when it forms a heterodimer with its partner MDM4, but MDM2 protein stability in its homodimer form is not known. The MDM2 protein contains a C-terminal RING domain that not only functions as an E3 ligase to regulate ubiquitination of p53 and MDM2 itself, but also is characterized to be able to bind several specific cellular mRNAs to regulate gene expression. In this study, we evaluate whether the MDM2 protein stability is regulated by the binding of a specific small RNA (XIAP IRES mRNA).We performed chemical cross-linking and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay to measure the human MDM2 protein stability in its homodimer form and the effect of XIAP IRES on MDM2 homodimerization and protein stabilization. Ubiquitination and pulse-chase assays were used to detect MDM2 self-ubiquitination and protein turn-over. Fluorescent titration and ITC were used to examine the binding between MDM2 RING protein and XIAP IRES. Western blot assay was used for determining protein expression. Clonogenic assay, WST and flow cytometry were used to test the effects of XIAP IRES, siXIAP and IR on cancer cell growth and apoptosis.We found that self-association (homodimerization) of MDM2 occurs through the C-terminal RING domain of MDM2 and that the MDM2 protein becomes unstable when it is homodimerized. MDM2 homodimerization resulted in an increased function of the RING domain for MDM2 self-ubiquitination. Binding of XIAP IRES to the RING domain inhibited MDM2 homodimerization and self-ubiquitination, which resulted in stabilization of MDM2, as well as increased XIAP expression. Upregulation of XIAP and MDM2 that led to inhibition of p53 by the XIAP IRES resulted in cell growth and survival in both p53-normal and -deficient cancer cells.Our study identified a new IRES RNA that interacts with MDM2 protein and regulates its stabilization, which suggested that targeting of MDM2 through disruption of MDM2 protein-RNA interaction might be a useful strategy for developing novel anti-cancer therapeutics.
Still More on Streptococcal Pharyngitis: An Important Disease With Yet Unresolved Clinical Issues
Authors: Vincent A. Fulginiti
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The report by Krober et al 1 in this issue ofThe Journalkeeps alive the controversies that have surrounded the management of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis (GABS) in clinical practice. The physicians from the Tripler and Madigan Army Medical Centers have shown that early penicillin treatment resulted in significant clinical improvement when contrasted to a 72-hour delay in the initiation of penicillin treatment. This issue has also recently been addressed with the reincarnation of a study by John Nelson 2 performed in 1958-1959, and reported in 1984. Both studies suggest that early treatment improves clinical symptoms, despite expert statements and studies to the contrary.  The standard management of streptococcal pharyngitis has been a mainstay of infectious disease dogma for decades. Physicians were comfortable with the liberal use of the throat culture in children with sore throats and their contacts; in some cases of recurrent disease, even pets were
Why Don't Poison Ivy and Oak Make Everyone Itch?
Authors: Joseph E. Hardison
Journal: JAMA (1981)

It is painful to remember the many summer days and nights I spent as a boy itching and scratching because of poison oak or ivy. I remember with intense envy those braggarts who could lay down and wallow among these plants and not "catch it." They never feared the woods and could go barefoot anywhere and never had purple hands and feet from soaking in potassium permanganate solution. As a physician, I have maintained my respect, distrust, and fear for and kept my distance from poison oak and ivy. I have learned that these vicious plants with ternateleaves cause those pruritic blisters through delayed cellmediated hypersensitivity. It occurred to me to question how the poisonous plant derives benefit from afflicting its victims after they are long gone. Briars, thorns, nettles, and porcupines warn you immediately to stand your ground. Is it possible poison oak and ivy are mean by nature
Community-Acquired Bacterial Meningitis in Adults
Authors: Diederik van de Beek, Jan de Gans, Allan R. Tunkel, Eelco F.M. Wijdicks
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

This review summarizes recent changes in the treatment of adults with community-acquired bacterial meningitis. It explains the initial assessment and management, the use of adjunctive corticosteroids, and intensive care monitoring. The authors detail the approach to complications such as transtentorial herniation, hydrocephalus, and focal seizures.
MicroRNA-21 promotes Th17 differentiation and mediates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Gopal Murugaiyan, Andre Pires da Cunha, Amrendra K. Ajay, Nicole Joller, Lucien P. Garo, Sowmiya Kumaradevan, Nir Yosef, Vishal S. Vaidya, Howard L. Weiner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Accumulation of IL-17-producing Th17 cells is associated with the development of multiple autoimmune diseases; however, the contribution of microRNA (miRNA) pathways to the intrinsic control of Th17 development remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that miR-21 expression is elevated in Th17 cells and that mice lacking miR-21 have a defect in Th17 differentiation and are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Furthermore, we determined that miR-21 promotes Th17 differentiation by targeting and depleting SMAD-7, a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling. Moreover, the decreases in Th17 differentiation in miR-21-deficient T cells were associated with defects in SMAD-2/3 activation and IL-2 suppression. Finally, we found that treatment of WT mice with an anti-miR-21 oligonucleotide reduced the clinical severity of EAE, which was associated with a decrease in Th17 cells. Thus, we have characterized a T cell-intrinsic miRNA pathway that enhances TGF-β signaling, limits the autocrine inhibitory effects of IL-2, and thereby promotes Th17 differentiation and autoimmunity.
TCT-632 Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Do Not Affect Early Degradation of Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffolds
Authors: Mie Kurata, Nienke S. van Ditzhuijzen, Oana Sorop, Richard W. van Duin, Ilona Krabbendam-Peters, Timothy Veldhof, Patrick W. Serruys, Felix Zijlstra, Dirk-Jan Duncker, Evelyn Regar, Heleen v Beusekom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Active and Passive Surveillance and Phylogenetic Analysis of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> Elucidate the Process of Lyme Disease Risk Emergence in Canada
Authors: Nicholas H. Ogden, Catherine Bouchard, Klaus Kurtenbach, Gabriele Margos, L. Robbin Lindsay, Louise Trudel, Soulyvane Nguon, François Milord
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Northward expansion of the tick Ixodes scapularis is driving Lyme disease (LD) emergence in Canada. Information on mechanisms involved is needed to enhance surveillance and identify where LD risk is emerging.We used passive and active surveillance and phylogeographic analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi to investigate LD risk emergence in Quebec.In active surveillance, we collected ticks from the environment and from captured rodents. B. burgdorferi transmission was detected by serological analysis of rodents and by polymerase chain reaction assays of ticks. Spatiotemporal trends in passive surveillance data assisted interpretation of active surveillance. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of B. burgdorferi in ticks identified likely source locations of B. burgdorferi.In active surveillance, we found I. scapularis at 55% of sites, and we were more likely to find them at sites with a warmer climate. B. burgdorferi was identified at 13 I. scapularis-positive sites, but infection prevalence in ticks and animal hosts was low. Low infection prevalence in ticks submitted in passive surveillance after 2004-from the tick-positive regions identified in active surveillance-coincided with an exponential increase in tick submissions during this time. MLST analysis suggested recent introduction of B. burgdorferi from the northeastern United States.These data are consistent with I. scapularis ticks dispersed from the United States by migratory birds, founding populations where the climate is warmest, and then establishment of B. burgdorferi from the United States several years after I. scapularis have established. These observations provide vital information for public health to minimize the impact of LD in Canada.
Recombinant human erythropoietin as adjuvant treatment for autologous blood donation.
Authors: H Graf, U Watzinger, B Ludvik, A Wagner, P Hocker, K K Zweymuller
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Mean (SD) haemorrheological variables during treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin in 21 patients receiving regular haemodialysis Before Mean change in values at week 16 treatment Week 4 Week 8 Week 12 Week 16 p Value (95% confidence interval)Packed cell volume 0-22 (0-03) 0-25 (0-05) 0-28 (0-06) 0-29 (005) 0 30 (005) 0 0000 0-08 (0-06 to 0 11) Red cell aggregation (arbitrary units): Athighshearrate 4-26(1-2) 4-53 (1-2) 5 14(1-3) 5-35 (1 3) 5 79(1-3) 0 0000 152 (0-82 to2 22) At low shear rate 7-89 (1-9) 8-23 (1-9) 8-68 (1-7) 9 14 (2-1) 9-59 (1-3) 00005 O169 (0-75 to 2-63) Fibrinogen (g/1) (1 6) 3-87 (1-2) 3-85 (1-3) 3-76 (1 1) 3-92 (1-3) 0-94 -0-02 (-0 67 to 0-63) Plasma viscositv(mPa-s) 1 61 (0-1) 1 63 (0-1) 1 64 (0-1) 1-63 (0 1) 1-62 (0-1) 0-54 0-01 (-0O04 to 006)
Tufted hair folliculitis: a specific disease?
Authors: R.M. Pujol, V. Garcia-Patos, A. Ravella-Mateu, J.M. Casanova, J.M. Moragas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Tufted hair folliculitis: a specific disease? Get access R.M. Pujol, R.M. Pujol Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Garcia‐Patos, V. Garcia‐Patos Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Ravella‐Mateu, A. Ravella‐Mateu Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.M. Casanova, J.M. Casanova Hospital Arnnu de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.M. de Moragas J.M. de Moragas Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 2, 1 February 1994, Pages 259–260, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb02914.x Published: 01 February 1994
Epigenetic regulation of methionine adenosyltransferase 1A: A role for MicroRNA-based treatment in liver cancer?
Authors: Jens U. Marquardt, Peter R. Galle
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and methionine adenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) are dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and reduced MAT1A expression correlates with worse HCC prognosis. Expression of miR–664, miR–485–3p, and miR–495, potential regulatory miRNAs of MAT1A, is increased in HCC. Knockdown of these miRNAs individually in Hep3B and HepG2 cells induced MAT1A expression, reduced growth, and increased apoptosis, while combined knockdown exerted additional effects on all parameters. Subcutaneous and intraparenchymal injection of Hep3B cells stably overexpressing each of this trio of miRNAs promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis in mice. Treatment with miRNA–664 (miR–664), miR–485–3p, and miR–495 siRNAs reduced tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in an orthotopic liver cancer model. Blocking MAT1A induction significantly reduced the antitumorigenic effect of miR–495 siRNA, whereas maintaining MAT1A expression prevented miRNA–mediated enhancement of growth and metastasis. Knockdown of these miRNAs increased total and nuclear level of MAT1A protein, global CpG methylation, lin–28 homolog B (Caenorhabditis elegans) (LIN28B) promoter methylation, and reduced LIN28B expression. The opposite occurred with forced expression of these miRNAs. In conclusion, upregulation of miR–664, miR–485–3p, and miR–495 contributes to lower MAT1A expression in HCC, and enhanced tumorigenesis may provide potential targets for HCC therapy.
THE TRAUMATIC NEUROSIS
Authors: MILTON B. LENNON
Journal: JAMA (1924)

A study of a series of industrial and nonindustrial accident patients presenting the symptoms of a posttraumatic neurosis shows the small part that trauma plays in such a condition. When the individuals of this group are carefully studied, other facts are discovered that are vastly more important than the injury. Indirectly, this is proved by the great number of people who have sustained severe injury and who present no late neurotic symptoms. On the other hand, a trifling physical injury with no concomitant shock may be followed by a most deplorable psychic state. In short, there must be some peculiarity of the individual that causes him to react in an uncommon way after a greater or lesser injury. This is borne out by an increasing experience with patients who have been so classified. When one is able to obtain an eminently satisfactory history from the patient, his early life, his
ERYSIPELAS.A STATISTICAL STUDY OF FIVE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FOUR CASES.
Authors: L. NAPOLEON BOSTON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The data here offered are founded on an analysis of the records of cases of erysipelas treated in the Philadelphia Hospital during the past five years. Many of the 564 records examined were found incomplete in certain particulars and the greatest number of cases that could be included in any one table was 548, the smallest number 511. Whenever any question arose as to the classification of a certain case it was excluded from our statistics, the object being to obtain statistics that would be of value with reference to hospital treatment of erysipelas. The influences of season, age, sex, race and nationality are set forth in the accompanying tables. Further analyses were made with reference to the effect of pre-existing diseases and complications (with special reference to nephritis) on the mortality rate. <h3>SEASON.</h3> Season has long been recognized as a prominent predisposing factor in erysipelas, the greatest number of
Nampt/PBEF/Visfatin Regulates Insulin Secretion in β Cells as a Systemic NAD Biosynthetic Enzyme
Authors: Javier R. Revollo, Antje Körner, Kathryn F. Mills, Akiko Satoh, Tao Wang, Antje Garten, Biplab Dasgupta, Yo Sasaki, Cynthia Wolberger, R. Reid Townsend, Jeffrey Milbrandt, Wieland Kiess, Shin-ichiro Imai
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2007)
Differential expression of matrix metallproteinases in coronary thrombosis: plaque rupture and erosion
Authors: F.D. Kolodgie, R.E Luna, A. Farb, A.P. Burke, K. Horiba, V.J. Ferrans, W.G. Stetler-Stevenson, R. Virmani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)