tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment of Rosai-Dorfman Disease With Low-Dose Oral Thalidomide
Authors: Xiaodong Li, Yuxiao Hong, Qian An, John Chen, Huachen Wei, Hong-Duo Chen, Xing-Hua Gao
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

dermatitis, and vitiligo do not retain gentian violet.Thus, in vivo Gram staining has potential to be a rapid diagnostic test, especially given the prevalence of tinea versicolor in the developing world, as well as a potential therapeutic agent.Further studies of the antifungal activity of gentian violet are indicated.
A Manual of Dermatology for Developing Countries
Authors: Alan N. Moshell
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Dr Orlando Canizares has a very extensive and long-term interest and personal experience in skin diseases as they appear in the tropics and other underdeveloped areas of the world. In this 355-page textbook, he has attempted to offer medical students and physicians in these areas the basic knowledge needed for the diagnosis and treatment of the commonest skin diseases. The emphasis is on clinical diagnosis, describing simple laboratory techniques for confirmation when appropriate. The author emphasizes simple and inexpensive treatments in addition to the usually much more expensive newer medications. This book succeeds in providing sufficient information for the medical student and nondermatologic physician to diagnose and treat the majority of skin diseases seen in these parts of the world. In addition, it is a useful review for American physicians, both dermatologists and nondermatologists, who are increasingly called on to see and treat patients who may have only recently migrated
Successful endoscopic obturation of gastric varices with butyl cyanoacrylate
Authors: Marie-Jose Ramond, Dominique Valla, Jean-François Mosnier, Claude Degott, Jacques Bernuau, Bernard Rueff, Jean-Pierre Benhamou
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

In 27 patients who had bled from esophagogastric varices, large-sized and/or actively bleeding gastric varices were endoscopically obturated with the tissue adhesive butyl cyanoacrylate. Active bleeding was stopped in six patients. Rebleeding occurred in 10 patients; in four patients, rebleeding was due to ruptured gastric varices, occurred early and was successfully treated by reinjection of gastric varices; in one patient, rebleeding was attributed to ulceration on an injected gastric varix. Eight patients died: two of rebleeding (from esophageal varices or undetermined source), four of sepsis and/or liver failure and two at home of undetermined cause. No specific complication due to injection of gastric varices was observed. The results obtained in this series of patients with gastric varices obturated by injection of butyl cyanoacrylate are much more satisfactory than those obtained in previously published series of patients with gastric varices treated by injection of sclerosants.
Risk of suicide related to income level in mental illness
Authors: M. Timonen, K. Viilo, H. Hakko, E. Vaisanen, P. Rasanen, T. Sarkioja, O. Razum, L. Swamy, W. H Curioso, K. E Monkemuller
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Health needs of asylum seekers and refugees Specific treatments are effective in cases of post-traumatic stress disorderEditor-Burnett and Peel described the social and family background regarding asylum seekers and refugees in Britain. 1 2 Unfortunately their articles make many confusing generalisations and have several inaccuracies regarding mental health.Burnett and Peel say that the most therapeutic event for a child can be to become part of the local school community. 2Everybody would agree that schools
Tendon Abnormalities Mimicking Metastatic Disease in Patients With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ulku Kerimoglu, Diana Kaya, Fatma Bilge Ergen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

We present plain x-ray examination, bone scintigraphy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of 2 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer who complained of hip pain. Bone scintigraphy was suggestive for metastases. Further radiologic investigation revealed benign etiologies for the hip pain; calcific tendinitis of the vastus lateralis and tendonosis of the gluteus medius tendon were visualized.
1043-63 Elevated peak rather than admission white blood cell count is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcome in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Ahmed S Ahmed, Mohammed Murtaza, Almutaz Kartoumah, Christopher Bartalos, Ambareesh Bajpai, Jennifer Jean Marcellus, Tarek Kteleh, Rasha Mohamed, Daniel Noonan, James Boyd Sterner, Timothy Catchings, Richard Webel, Greg C Flaker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Effort Under Way to Prepare Physicians to Care for Growing Elderly Population
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

IN 2008, THE INSTITUTE OF MEDIcine (IOM) recommended that all physicians develop competency in geriatrics to help them provide good care for the growing population of older individuals in the United States. Now leaders from a variety of medical specialties have drafted a roadmap for providing such training. In May, the American Geriatrics Society (AGS), the American Medical Association (AMA), and the Council of Medical Specialty Societies convened a meeting in Chicago to address the need for geriatric training in all specialties of medicine. The meeting yielded a white paper that recommends that all medical specialty groups develop and incorporate into their residency programs a set of geriatric competencies that residents should master (http://www .americangeriatrics.org/education /white_paper.pdf). The groups are encouraged to build on the 26 geriatric competencies for medical students established by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) in 2007. Although the effort is voluntary, failing to act now “will leave us with a crisis in medical care for the elderly that will worsen with time,” the report notes. “Addressing this need, and assuring that all medical professionals demonstrate specific competencies in their care of older adults, will result in better and safer quality care for our patients, grandparents, and eventually ourselves.” In April 2008, the IOM’s report, Retooling for an Aging America: Building the Health Care Workforce, outlined how the enormous spike in demand for geriatric care related to the aging of nearly 80 million members of the baby boomer generation is colliding with a shortage of health care providers skilled in the care of older adults—individuals who may
Background Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Childhood Cancer: A Census-Based Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Ben D. Spycher, Judith E. Lupatsch, Marcel Zwahlen, Martin Röösli, Felix Niggli, Michael A. Grotzer, Johannes Rischewski, Matthias Egger, Claudia E. Kuehni
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

BackgroundExposure to medium or high doses of ionizing radiation is a known risk factor for cancer in children. The extent to which low-dose radiation from natural sources contributes to the risk of childhood cancer remains unclear.ObjectivesIn a nationwide census-based cohort study, we investigated whether the incidence of childhood cancer was associated with background radiation from terrestrial gamma and cosmic rays.MethodsChildren &lt; 16 years of age in the Swiss National Censuses in 1990 and 2000 were included. The follow-up period lasted until 2008, and incident cancer cases were identified from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry. A radiation model was used to predict dose rates from terrestrial and cosmic radiation at locations of residence. Cox regression models were used to assess associations between cancer risk and dose rates and cumulative dose since birth.ResultsAmong 2,093,660 children included at census, 1,782 incident cases of cancer were identified including 530 with leukemia, 328 with lymphoma, and 423 with a tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Hazard ratios for each millisievert increase in cumulative dose of external radiation were 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.05) for any cancer, 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) for leukemia, 1.01 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.05) for lymphoma, and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) for CNS tumors. Adjustment for a range of potential confounders had little effect on the results.ConclusionsOur study suggests that background radiation may contribute to the risk of cancer in children, including leukemia and CNS tumors.CitationSpycher BD, Lupatsch JE, Zwahlen M, Röösli M, Niggli F, Grotzer MA, Rischewski J, Egger M, Kuehni CE, for the Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group and the Swiss National Cohort. 2015. Background ionizing radiation and the risk of childhood cancer: a census-based nationwide cohort study. Environ Health Perspect 123:622–628; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408548
Focal Intracranial Mucormycosis Presenting as Chronic Meningitis
Authors: Paula G. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1981)

INTRACRANIAL mucormycosis occurs almost exclusively in patients with predisposing diseases. The infection is usually a result of either direct intracranial invasion or hematogenous spread. Isolated intracranial infection is rarely seen. We describe an unusual case of focal intracranial mucormycosis, presenting as chronic meningitis of several months' duration. A parameningeal focus, osteomyelitis of the clivus, was ultimately discovered, and the patient was successfully treated with neurosurgery and amphotericin B. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 61-year-old maintenance man was seen in an emergency room for headache on March 8, 1979, and was found to have mild hyperglycemia. One week later, diplopia developed and he was consequently admitted to the Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI. Physical examination revealed an alert, well-oriented man complaining of severe headache. Neurological examination demonstrated a right lateral rectus paralysis but otherwise gave normal results. The neck was supple. Serum glucose concentration was 286 mg/dL. There was no ketoacidosis. The
Book Review Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Diseases (Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol. 212.) Edited by Christoph A. Nienaber and Rossella Fattori. 278 pp., illustrated. Boston, Kluwer Academic, 1999. $127. ISBN-0-7923-5517-2.
Authors: John M. Porter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)
The cost-effectiveness of hepatitis A vaccination in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Robert P. Myers, James C. Gregor, Paul J. Marotta
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) occasionally leads to acute liver failure and has a higher fatality rate in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Vaccination of patients with HCV against HAV is effective and well tolerated. This study examines the cost-effectiveness of HAV vaccination in North American patients with chronic HCV. A decision analysis model was constructed to compare 3 HAV vaccination strategies in adult patients with chronic HCV over a period of 5 years: (1) vaccinate no patients (treat none); (2) vaccinate only susceptible (anti-HAV negative) patients (selective); or (3) vaccinate all patients without prior testing of immune status (universal). Probabilities and direct costs were estimated from hospital data and the literature. The cost per patient for the 3 vaccination strategies were: treat none, $2.00; selective, $56.00; and universal, $82.00. For every 1,000,000 patients with HCV vaccinated over a 5-year period, the selective strategy prevented 128 symptomatic cases of HAV, 3 liver transplantations, and 3 deaths owing directly to HAV compared with the treat none strategy. In addition, the selective strategy costs an additional $427,000 per patient with HAV prevented, and $23 million per HAV-related death averted, compared with the treat none strategy. The results were most sensitive to the incidence of HAV infection; vaccination increased costs if the annual rate of infection was less than 0.56% (baseline, 0.01%). Vaccination of North American patients with chronic HCV against HAV infection is not a cost-effective therapy.
Human slan (6-sulfo LacNAc) dendritic cells are inflammatory dermal dendritic cells in psoriasis and drive strong T 17/T 1 T-cell responses
Authors: Anja Hänsel, Claudia Günther, Jens Ingwersen, Josephine Starke, Marc Schmitz, Michael Bachmann, Michael Meurer, Ernst Peter Rieber, Knut Schäkel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Reduced Hepatic Tumor Incidence in Cyclin G1–Deficient Mice
Authors: Michael Rugaard Jensen, Valentina M. Factor, Anna Fantozzi, Kristian Helin, Chang-Goo Huh, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Cyclin G1 is a transcriptional target of the tumor suppressor p53, and its expression is increased after DNA damage. Recent data show that cyclin G1 can regulate the levels of p53 by a mechanism that involves dephosphorylation of Mdm2 by protein phosphatase 2A. To understand the biologic role of cyclin G1, we have generated cyclin G1–deficient mice. In agreement with previous results, we showed that these mice develop normally, and that proliferation and induction of cellular senescence in cyclin G1–deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts are indistinguishable from wild–type fibroblasts. However, we found that the p53 levels in the cyclin G1–deficient mice are 2–fold higher that in wild–type mice. Moreover, we showed that treatment of mice with the alkylating agent 1,4–bis[N,N′–di(ethylene)–phosphamide]piperazine (Dipin), followed by partial hepatectomy, decreased G1–S transition in cyclin G1–null hepatocytes as compared with wild type. Finally, we found a significant decrease in tumor incidence, mass, and malignancy in both male and female cyclin G1–null mice after treatment with the potent hepatocarcinogen N–diethylnitrosamine. Taken with recent published data, our results suggest that cyclin G1, together with Mdm2, constitute a part of a negative feedback system that attenuates the activity of p53. In conclusion, our data suggest that the decreased tumor susceptibility after loss of cyclin G1 function is caused by the increased tumor suppressor action of p53. (Hepatology 2003;37:862–870.)
Preferential silencing of a common dominant rhodopsin mutation does not inhibit retinal degeneration in a transgenic model
Authors: Alessandra Tessitore, Fabiana Parisi, Michela Alessandra Denti, Mariacarmela Allocca, Umberto Di Vicino, Luciano Domenici, Irene Bozzoni, Alberto Auricchio
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa caused by the frequent rhodopsin P23H mutation is characterized by progressive photoreceptor cell death eventually leading to blindness and for which no therapies are available.Considering the gain-of-function effect exerted by the P23H mutation, strategies aimed at silencing the expression of the mutated allele, like RNA interference, are desirable.We have designed small interfering RNAs (siRNA) to silence specifically the P23H rhodopsin allele expressed by a transgenic rat model of the disease.We have selected in vitro one siRNA and generated an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector expressing the short hairpin RNA (shRNA) based on the selected siRNA.In vitro the shRNA significantly inhibits the expression of the P23H but not the wild-type rhodopsin allele.Subretinal administration of the AAV2/5 vector encoding the shRNA in P23H transgenic rats results in inhibition of rhodopsin P23H expression that is not able to prevent or block photoreceptor degeneration.Since rhodopsin is the most abundant rod photoreceptor protein, systems resulting in more robust shRNA expression in the retina may be required to achieve therapeutic efficacy in vivo.
Radical Resection for Alveolar Hydatid Disease-Reply
Authors: David J. La Fond, Donald S. Thatcher
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The operative description, the autopsy description, and the statement in the conclusion of our paper all indicate diffuse involvement of the entire liver. The three patients operated on in the series reported by West et al were 12, 22, and 46 years of age, patients with involvement of one lobe of the liver only, and not comparable with our patient in age, operative risk, or extent of disease. The statement "instead of impairing the patient's chances for survival by doing a temporizing biopsy and two operations through failure to recognize the diagnosis preoperatively" is ill-advised. Five of their eight cases were not diagnosed preoperatively: one patient had two procedures—biopsy and marsupialization; one underwent an exploratory operation at which the diagnosis of cancer of the gallbladder and liver was made; one underwent cholecystectomy and marsupialization; one was mistakenly operated on for nonexistent cholelithiasis; and one was considered inoperable because of involvement
Light and electron microscopic studies of physical injury to the skin II. Friction
Authors: J. A. A. HUNTER, EVA McVITTIE, J. S. COMAISH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Frictional injury to the skin causes inter- and intra-cellular oedema of the epidermis, and if severe produces membranous rupture and formation of an intra-epidermal blister. The appearances arc consistent with direct physical damage to the cells.
Ex vivo low-density lipoprotein oxidizability and in vivo lipid peroxidation in patients on CAPD
Authors: Johannes M. Roob, Thomas Rabold, Marianne Hayn, Gholamali Khoschsorur, Ulrike Resch, Herwig Holzer, Brigitte M. Winklhofer-Roob
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
Pro-choice MPs will make bid to increase access to abortion
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

MPs will renew their attempt to use the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill to try to change Britain’s abortion laws when the bill goes back to the House of Commons for its report stage on 22 October.

A bid by pro-life MPs to bring the upper time limit for most abortions below 24 weeks failed during the bill’s earlier stages and will not be revived. But a series of pro-choice amendments with all-party support are expected to be debated and voted on.

These include a proposal by Evan Harris, a Liberal Democrat MP and doctor, to remove the need for the …
THE USE AND ABUSE OF MORPHIN AFTER ABDOMINAL SECTION.
Authors: L. H. DUNNING
Journal: JAMA (1902)

There seems to be a wide divergence of opinion among English and American surgeons as to the benefits of the administration of morphin and other preparations of opium after an abdominal section, if we take the expressions found in medical journals as a guide to the views and customs of operators. The questions we propose to briefly discuss in this paper are: What are the indications for and benefits derived from the use of morphin after abdominal section? What are the harmful influences of this drug when improperly used? Unquestionably, pain is considered the chief indication for its use after an abdominal section. It is here, however, that the great divergence of opinion regarding the advisability of its administration is manifest. The early operators almost invariably administered a large dose of opium as soon as the patient was placed in bed or had recovered from the effects of the anesthetic.
Adrenalin in Neurotic Heart
Authors: A. S. Myrtle
Journal: BMJ (1904)

AN OCULAR ANALGESIG.0low of the treatment is the hydrotherapeutic.Full sheet packs, liven packs, vapour baths, sitz baths, spinal baths, are all in their place found to be most beneficial.The skin is thus got into a thoroughly healthy condition and internal organs are invigorated in the performance of their functions.Mentallyand morally much is accomplished by the patient's cheerful surroundings, the presence of others nearing the
Randomised multicentre trial of narrow band imaging (NBI) for dysplasia detection at colonoscopic surveillance in ulcerative colitis
Authors: A. Ignjatovic, J. E. East, V. Subramanian, N. Suzuki, T. Guenther, N. Palmer, P. Bassett, K. Ragunath, B. P. Saunders
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chromoendoscopy at colonoscopy for surveillance in colitis, improves detection of dysplastic lesions by 3–4 fold, but has not gained widespread acceptance due to perceived increase in time for the procedure. Narrow band imaging (NBI) has been described as ‘electronic chromoendoscopy’. The aim of this trial was to assess the effect of NBI on dysplasia detection in colitis. <h3>Methods</h3> 112 patients with long-standing UC were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to intervention group of examination with high definition NBI (n = 56) or to a control group of high definition WLE (n = 56) for colonoscopic extubation (Lucera; Olympus, Tokyo) in a parallel group design at 2 tertiary endoscopy units in the UK (6 endoscopists). Targeted biopsies of suspicious areas and quadrantic random biopsies every 10 cm were taken in both groups. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients with at least one area of dyplasia detected, which was analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. Outcome data were compared between the groups, both unadjusted and adjusted for withdrawal time, family history of colorectal cancer and previous history of dysplasia. <h3>Results</h3> There was no difference in the primary outcome between the two groups, with five patients having at least one dysplastic lesion in each group (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.67, p = 1.00), nor when adjusted for other variables (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.16 to 2.96, p = 0.62). Overall dysplasia detection was 9% in each arm. During NBI colonoscopy, 17 endoscopically suspicious lesions were detected in 13 patients. Histopathology confirmed five dysplastic lesions in five patients (all five low-grade dysplasia).In the WLE arm, 11 suspicious lesions were detected in 8 patients and 7 lesions (in 5 patients) were neoplastic (low-grade dysplasia, n = 5 and high-grade dysplasia n = 2). Although there was a trend that NBI detected more false positive lesions, this was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). Yield of dysplasia from random non-targeted biopsies was 1/2707 (0.04%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Overall in this multi-centre parallel group trial, even after adjustment, there was no difference in dysplasia detection when using NBI compared to high definition WLE colonoscopy. This confirms previous single centre tandem data, which suggests no improvement with NBI for colitis surveillance. Random background biopsies were ineffective in picking up dysplasia and we would therefore support the use of chromoendoscopy and targeted biopsies as the current endoscopic surveillance strategy of choice as suggested in the 2010 BSG guidelines.
Prevalence and titer of IgE antibodies to mouse allergens
Authors: Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Shama M. Satinover, Lisa Naccara, Augusto A. Litonjua, Wanda Phipatanakul, Melody C. Carter, Peter W. Heymann, Judith A. Woodfolk, Edward J. Peters, Diane R. Gold
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Delivery of affordable and equitable cancer care in India
Authors: C S Pramesh, Rajendra A Badwe, Bibhuti B Borthakur, Madhu Chandra, Elluswami Hemanth Raj, T Kannan, Ashok Kalwar, Sanjay Kapoor, Hemant Malhotra, Sukdev Nayak, Goura K Rath, T G Sagar, Paul Sebastian, Rajiv Sarin, V Shanta, Suresh C Sharma, Shilin Shukla, Manavalan Vijayakumar, D K Vijaykumar, Ajay Aggarwal, Arnie Purushotham, Richard Sullivan
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2014)
MILITARY SURGERY IN TURKEY.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The journey from Athens to Constantinople at this time does not reveal anything that would remind the traveler that a war raged so recently between the two countries. The olive trees, which are seen everywhere, are laden with their oily fruits, and the endless vineyards promise a rich harvest of luscious grapes. The patient donkey carries his burden to the market in slow measured steps as though nothing had disturbed so recently the financial prospects and calculations of his master. In the many fatherless houses the dusky black-eyed children sing and play merrily, ignorant of the violent political eruptions which so recently threatened their lives and homes. The great caravans of camels bringing grain, fruit, spices and oil from distant parts of Asia wind their way along the narrow, crooked streets of Smyrna unmindful of the presence of armed soldiers who are arriving daily from the late seat of war.