tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatic iron stores and plasma ferritin concentration in patients with sickle cell anemia and thalassemia major
Authors: Gary M. Brittenham, Alan R. Cohen, Christine E. McLaren, Marie B. Martin, Patricia M. Griffith, Arthur W. Nienhuis, Neal S. Young, Christopher J. Allen, David E. Farrell, John W. Harris
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract To examine the relationship between hepatic iron stores and plasma ferritin concentration in individuals treated with red cell transfusion and iron chelation therapy, 37 patients with sickle cell anemia and 74 patients with thalassemia major were studied. In each patient, hepatic iron stores were measured by an independently validated noninvasive magnetic method, and plasma ferritin was determined by immunoassay. The correlation between hepatic iron and plasma ferritin was significant both in patients with sickle cell anemia (R = 0.75, P &lt; 0.0001) and in those with thalassemia major (R = 0.76, P &lt; 0.0001). Regression analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups in the linear relationships between hepatic iron stores and plasma ferritin. Considering all 111 transfused patients as a group, the coefficient of correlation between hepatic iron stores and plasma ferritin was highly significant (R = 0.76, P &lt; 0.0001). Regression analysis found that variation in body iron stores, as assessed by magnetic determinations of hepatic iron, accounted for only ∼57% of the variation in plasma ferritin, suggesting that the remainder was the result of other factors, such as hemolysis, ineffective erythropoiesis, ascorbate deficiency, inflammation, and liver disease. The 95% prediction intervals for hepatic iron concentration, given the plasma ferritin, were so broad as to make a single determination of plasma ferritin an unreliable predictor of body iron stores. Variability resulting from factors other than iron status limits the clinical usefulness of the plasma ferritin concentration as a predictor of body iron stores. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extrapancreatic Autoimmune Manifestations in Type 1 Diabetes Patients and Their First-Degree Relatives
Authors: Aaron Hanukoglu, Avraam Mizrachi, Ilan Dalal, Osnat Admoni, Yardena Rakover, Zvy Bistritzer, Arie Levine, Eli Somekh, Dan Lehmann, Myriam Tuval, Mona Boaz, Avraham Golander
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To investigate the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in young patients (probands) with type 1 diabetes and their first-degree relatives, and to determine the spectrum of extrapancreatic manifestations in these subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The study population included 109 probands age 13 ± 4.9 years and 412 first-degree relatives age 28.7 ± 16.2 years. The prevalence rates of autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease were determined in all probands and in 100 of the 412 first-degree relatives. Control groups included 78 subjects age 14.9 ± 10.4 years for the prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis and 120,000 youth ages 16–17 years for the prevalence of celiac disease. Thyroiditis and celiac disease were diagnosed by abnormally high thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (TG), antigliadin, and antiendomysial antibody titers. Celiac was confirmed by biopsy. A questionnaire was used to interview probands and relatives to determine the spectrum of autoimmune manifestations. RESULTS—The prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis determined by high TPO and/or TG titers was 27 and 25% for probands and relatives, respectively. These rates were higher than those for control subjects (P &amp;lt; 000.1). The prevalence of celiac disease among probands and screened relatives was 8.3 and 6%, respectively. These rates were higher than those for control subjects and the 312 family members interviewed only (0.1 and 0.3%, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Interviews of participants revealed a wide range of associated autoimmune diseases. The risk of developing an autoimmune disease was higher (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in families with a proband who had an additional autoimmune manifestation. CONCLUSIONS—Screening for autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease should be performed in patients with type 1 diabetes and their first-degree relatives, especially when the probands have an additional autoimmune manifestation.
Physician–Industry Relations
Authors: Frederick E. Turton, Lois Snyder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters20 March 2007Physician–Industry RelationsFrederick E. Turton, MD and Lois Snyder, JDFrederick E. Turton, MDFrom the ACP Ethics, Professionalism, and Human Rights Committee and the ACP Center for Ethics and Professionalism, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, PA 19106.Search for more papers by this author and Lois Snyder, JDFrom the ACP Ethics, Professionalism, and Human Rights Committee and the ACP Center for Ethics and Professionalism, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, PA 19106.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-6-200703200-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR: The American College of Physicians (ACP) continues to evaluate issues related to relationships between physicians and industry and between physician organizations and industry and to work to emphasize relationships that maximize the interests of the patient. Recently, the College approved a revision to position 1 (Industry Gifts, Hospitality, Services, and Subsidies) of our position paper (part 1 of 2) on physician–industry relations (1). The revision was developed by the ACP Ethics and Human Rights Committee to help clarify the statement, including moving some language from the rationale directly into the position.The revised position is as follows:... Reference1. Coyle SL; for the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine Ethics and Human Rights Committee. Physician-industry relations. Part 1: individual physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:396-402. [PMID: 11874314] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the ACP Ethics, Professionalism, and Human Rights Committee and the ACP Center for Ethics and Professionalism, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, PA 19106.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysician–Industry Relations. Part 1: Individual Physicians Susan L. Coyle and Metrics Cited byAmerican College of Physicians Ethics Manual Seventh EditionLois Snyder Sulmasy, JD and Thomas A. Bledsoe, MD, for the ACP Ethics, Professionalism and Human Rights Committee*Conflict of Interest in UrologyDrug sampling in dermatologyGifts to Physicians From Industry: The Debate EvolvesAmerican College of Physicians Ethics Manual Sixth EditionLois Snyder, JD, for the American College of Physicians Ethics, Professionalism, and Human Rights Committee*Corporate-physician relationships: A need for education 20 March 2007Volume 146, Issue 6Page: 469KeywordsConflicts of interestHealth care sectorPatientsPerception ePublished: 20 March 2007 Issue Published: 20 March 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Coronary Care and the Community
Authors: DESMOND G. JULIAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Coronary care units appear to have reduced by about one third the death rate of patients admitted to hospitals with acute myocardial infarction. It does not seem likely that currently foreseeable methods will lead to any further substantial reduction in mortality. Only a small proportion of patients with acute coronary disease are receiving intensive care, and further expansion of facilities will be permanently restricted by the continuing shortage of medical and nursing personnel. If the best use is made of the limited facilities, medical administrators must attempt to ensure the admission of patients within the first few hours of their illness, particularly if they are in the younger age groups. It is usually possible after a period of observation of 48 hr to identitfy those patients who will deteriorate subsequently, and these should be retained within the unit, but the remaining patients should be discharged to areas of less intensive care. The major problem in coronary care is the prevention of sudden death outside the hospital. Mobile intensive care units can lead to some saving of life in this group, but they are expensive in skilled labor. There is an urgent need for research into the identification of those liable to sudden death and to the development of antiarrhythmic regime suitable for the prevention of ventricular fibrillation in such individuals.
Cytoskeleton-dependent endocytosis is required for apical type 1 angiotensin II receptor-mediated phospholipase C activation in cultured rat proximal tubule cells.
Authors: J R Schelling, A S Hanson, R Marzec, S L Linas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Renal proximal tubule sodium reabsorption is enhanced by apical or basolateral angiotensin II (AII). Although AII activates phospholipase C (PLC) in other tissues, AII coupling to PLC on either apical or basolateral surfaces of proximal tubule cells is unclear. To determine if AII causes PLC activation, and the differences between apical and basolateral AII receptor function, receptors were unilaterally activated in rat proximal tubule cells cultured on permeable, collagen-coated supports. Apical AII incubation resulted in concentration- and time-dependent inositol trisphosphate (IP3) formation. Basolateral AII caused greater IP3 responses. Apical AII-induced IP3 generation was inhibited by DuP 753, suggesting that the type 1 AII receptor subtype mediated proximal tubule PLC activation. Apical AII signaling did not result from paracellular ligand leak to basolateral receptors since AII-induced PLC activation occurred when basolateral AII receptors were occupied by Sar-Leu AII or DuP 753. Inhibition of endocytosis with phenylarsine oxide prevented apical (but not basolateral) AII-induced IP3 formation. Cytoskeletal disruption with colchicine or cytochalasin D also prevented apical AII-induced IP3 generation. These results demonstrate that in cultured rat proximal tubule cells, AII is coupled to PLC via type 1 AII receptors and cytoskeleton-dependent endocytosis is required for apical (but not basolateral) AII receptor-mediated PLC activation.
Effects of Peer Review and Editing on the Readability of Articles Published in Annals of Internal Medicine
Authors: John C. Roberts
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To measure the effect of the peer review and editorial processes on the readability of original articles. <h3>Design.</h3> —Comparison of manuscripts before and after the peer review and editorial processes. <h3>Setting.</h3> —<i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i>between March 1 and November 30, 1992. <h3>Manuscripts.</h3> —One hundred one consecutive manuscripts reporting original research. <h3>Measurements.</h3> —Assessment of readability by means of two previously validated indexes: the Gunning fog index (units of readability in the fog index roughly correlate to years of education) and the Flesch reading ease score. Each manuscript was analyzed for readability and length on receipt and after it had passed through the peer review and editorial processes. Text and abstracts were analyzed similarly but separately. Mean readability scores were compared by two-tailed<i>t</i>tests for paired observations. <h3>Results.</h3> —Mean (±SD) initial readability scores of manuscripts and abstracts by the Gunning fog index were 17.16±1.55 and 16.65±2.80, respectively. At publication, scores were 16.85±1.42 and 15.64±2.42 (<i>P</i>=.0005 and<i>P</i>&lt;.0001 for before-after differences, respectively). By comparison, studies of other print media showed scores of about 11 for the<i>New York Times</i>editorial page and about 18 for a typical legal contract. Similar changes were found for the Flesch scores. The median length of the manuscripts increased by 2.6% and that of the abstracts by 4.2% during the processes. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The peer review and editorial processes slightly improved the readability of original articles and their abstracts, but both remained difficult to read at publication. Better readability scores may improve readership. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:119-121)
Gastric Ulcer Perforation into the Heart
Authors: E. Brullet, R. Campo, N. Cornbalia, G. Marqués, J. R. Armengol-Miró
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Penetration of the pericardium and heart is a very rare complication of benign peptic ulcer. The case is reported here of a 76-year-old woman with advanced senile dementia, who was admitted due to melena. Endoscopy revealed a large gastric ulcer located in a giant hiatal hernia. The ulcer base was protruding and strongly pulsatile, and seemed to be mobile and free in relation to the ulcer margins. This effect was particularly obvious during the pulsatile movements. Endoscopic findings suggested ulcer perforation to the pericardium. The patient's relatives denied consent to surgery. She was therefore treated with conservative measures, including parenteral nutrition, ranitidine, and antibiotics. The patient remained in a relatively stable condition, and she was discharged three weeks later. One month later, however, she was admitted with massive bleeding and hypovolemic shock. In spite of resuscitation measures, she died. The autopsy study showed a gastric ulcer penetrating through the pericardium and myocardium into the left ventricle.
Poverty and Health: A Sociological Analysis
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Poverty has always been linked to poor health and early death, and this link has been exaggerated by industrialization, urban crowding, and new medical technology. Modern Marxism, following on French revolutionary thought and later Utopian and socialist political tradition, claims to upgrade health and eliminate poverty by social reform without unusual expenditure. Current reports about wonderful health in Maoist-Marxist China are in keeping with this argument. We may await more precise understandings and validations from China while reading these ten detailed and truthful essays on the same problem of poverty and illness in our own Western democracies. Avoiding an abrasive political approach, the editors chose a pleasant and persuasively descriptive style to discuss such tough issues as social factors in defining insanity; or distinguishing the "deserving poor" from the group that seems to abuse our efforts to help them; or the practicality of "soup-kitchen" medicine in our acquisitive society; or
Usefullness of routine analysis of ascites fluid at the time of therapeutic paracentesis in asymptomatic cirrhotic out patients
Authors: Jean Francois Cadranel, Remy Romney, Philippe Mathurin, Nathalie Ganne-Carrie, Chantal Halimi, Abdel Medini, Jean Claude Chaput, P. Cruaud, Arnaud Pauwels, Patrice Lemaitre
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Elevated serum caeruloplasmin level in a patient with adult Still's disease
Authors: L. Kemeny, M. Mehravaran, A. Dobozy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary We report the case of a woman with a characteristic transient skin rash, fever, severe polyarthritis, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and myalgia. The clinical and laboratory data led to a diagnosis of adult‐onset Still's disease. The elevated levels of serum ferritin and caeruloplasmin could be important as diagnostic indicators.
Hepatic Glutathione Homeostasis in the Rat: Efflux Accounts for Glutathione Turnover
Authors: Bernhard H. Lauterburg, James D. Adams, Jerry R. Mitchell
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Hepatic glutathione turnover and the efflux of glutathione from the liver into bile and blood were measured in male Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo. In fed rats the efflux of glutathione into blood, calculated from the hepatic arteriovenous concentration gradient and hepatic blood flow, amounted to 12.4 ± 1.4 nmoles min.gm liver. Together with the excretion of glutathione into bile (3.4 ± 0.4 nmoles per min.gm liver) total efflux accounted for the hepatic turnover of glutathione of 15.2 ± 0.9 nmoles per min.gm liver. Fasting animals for 48 hr markedly increased hepatic glutathione turnover to 26.4 ±1.2 nmoles per min-gm liver. Increased efflux into blood rather than increased intrahepatic catabolism accounted for this increased turnover. The systemic clearance of glutathione was 3.22 ± 0.51 ml per min 100 gm body weight. The efflux of glutathione from liver therefore was calculated to contribute over 90% of total glutathione inflow into the circulation, as determined from the clearance and the arterial concentration of glutathione. Thus, the liver is the major source of plasma glutathione, and turnover of hepatic glutathione in the basal state is accounted for almost entirely by efflux of glutathione from the liver. During fasting, the plasma clearance of exogenous glutathione increased to 5.32 ± 0.35 ml per min-100 gm body weight, and the utilization of methionine for glutathione synthesis increased markedly. The increased extrahepatic catabolism during fasting results in a decrease in plasma glutathione, which in turn may account for the observed increase in sinusoidal glutathione efflux with concomitant stimulation of the rate of hepatic glutathione turnover and of synthesis. By utilizing methionine for glutathione synthesis, the liver thus is able to make more cysteine available to other organs when dietary sources of cysteine are deficient.
Early intervention for first episode psychosis: Secondary care must become more responsive to primary care
Authors: James N Hardy
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Shiers and Lester observe that primary and secondary care must work together and that the wider involvement of the community is the key to success.1 However, they eschew a more detailed appraisal of these important issues in favour of a finger wagging at general practice.

They base their predication on several assumptions. Firstly, they assume that general practitioners neither …
Abstract B36: Synthesizing new proteins from 3-dimensional spheroids, compare to 2-dimensional cell line culture.
Authors: KI-UP KIM, So-My Koo
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction: Researches are basically in vitro. However, their results apply to in vivo were disappointed. That may be caused by 3-dimensional structure, not pure cell components, and cell to cell/matrix interactions. If artificial organisms, multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), have similar cell components, it may be closer to tumor and more advanced model. The represented protein from 2- and 3-dimensional culture may be different because their milieu is changed. Objective: We tried a multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) from cancer cell line, fibroblasts from human, and PBMC by combination or singly as a model to cancer research. And we tested the differences from represented proteins at 2- and 3-dimensional condition from A549 cancer cell line. Method: Cell from 3 conditions were cultured to agarose coated plate singly or combined at DME media. Their formation of spheroids were observed daily by inverted microscope and got samples serially for 4 weeks. Cell components from combined spheroids were stained immunohistochemically by their specific antibody. Proteins, which were cultured from 2-dimension and 3-dimension at 3 day from A549 cancer cell line, were loaded by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and were analyzed by MALDI-TOF. Result: Cells were conglomated and made clusters except PBMC within a few days and formed spheroids between 4 to 7 days. The mixed cluster with A549, fibroblast and PBMC were formed round shape. Cell components from spheroids had been confirmed by immunohistochemical stain. Compare to 2-dimensional culture, 23 proteins by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis were newly detected from spheroids. The most prominent protein was heat shock protein 90. Conclusion: MCTS is a new model for tumor research, and heat shock protein 90 is an important role for 3-dimensional structure. Citation Format: KI-UP KIM, So-My Koo. Synthesizing new proteins from 3-dimensional spheroids, compare to 2-dimensional cell line culture. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-IASLC Joint Conference on Molecular Origins of Lung Cancer; 2014 Jan 6-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2014;20(2Suppl):Abstract nr B36.
1021-78 Increased in-hospital mortality after acute myocardial infarction in patients with impaired fasting glucose
Authors: Marianne Zeller, Marie-Claude Brindisi, Dentan Gilles, Yves Laurent, Jean-Claude Beer, Luc Janin-Manificat, Hamid Makki, Isabelle L'Huillier, Jack Ravisy, Mohamed Jolak, Jean-Eric Wolf, Bruno Verges, Yves Cottin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Medical Records in Practice: Guidance for General Practitioners
Authors: P. Heywood
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ed Bruce Lervy Royal College of General Practitioners, £22, pp 147 ISBN 0 85084 224 7

I have a vision of an academic body for general practitioners that is aware of important contemporary issues and provides practical advice combined with academic understanding for the “ordinary” general practitioner. It prepares its members and other general practitioners for the problems that shortly await them. I therefore approached this guidebook with excitement. I have so many questions to be answered about medical records.

What is the evidence base for our use of medical records? Whose information is it: the patient's or the …
Hepatotoxic bile acids increase cytosolic Ca++ activity of isolated rat hepatocytes
Authors: Sawkat M. Anwer, Larry R. Engelking, Kathleen Nolan, Dianne Sullivan, Peter Zimniak, Roger Lester
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Effects of bile acids on cystolic Ca++ activity and cell viability of isolated rat hepatocytes were studied to test the hypothesis that bile acids may produce hepatotoxicity by increasing cystolic Ca++ activity. Changes in cystolic Ca++ activity were calculated from time-dependent changes in fluorescence of quin-2 loaded hepatocytes. Release of lactate dehydrogenase and changes in propodium iodide fluorescence were used to assess cell viability. Bile acids studied were unconjugated and taurine-conjugated cholate, chenodeoxycholate (and taurochenodeoxycholate), deoxycholate (and taurodeoxycholate) and lithocholate (and taurolithocholate). With the exception of cholate and taurocholate, bile acids increased cystolic Ca++ activity within 10 to 30 sec in a concentration-dependent fashion (0.05 to 1.0 mM) and in the order lithocholate = taurolithocholate greater than chenodeoxycholate = taurochenodeoxycholate = deoxycholate = taurodeoxycholate. The initial increase in cystolic Ca++ activity by bile acids was not due to cell damage, since bile acid-induced decreases in cell viability were not significant until 2 to 3 min. At higher concentrations of unconjugated bile acid, there was a secondary increase in quin-2 fluorescence corresponding temporally to the increase in propodium iodide fluorescence, indicating cell damage after the initial increase in cystolic Ca++ activity. The ability of conjugated and unconjugated bile acids to increase cystolic Ca++ activity was abolished and decreased (60 to 90%), respectively, in the absence of extracellular Ca++, indicating that extracellular Ca++ is the major source of the bile acid-induced increase in cystolic Ca++ activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)