tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Olmesartan-induced enteropathy resembling celiac disease
Authors: Ali Khan, Shajan Peter, C. Wilcox
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 70-year-old woman with longstanding lymphocytic colitis presented at an outside hospital with worsening diarrhea (up to 30 bowel movements per day), epigastric pain, and 30 lb (13.5 kg) weight loss which had required multiple admissions since July 2012. Multiple courses of oral steroids were tried with no relief. Because of severe villous atrophy and mucosal scalloping found on esophagogastroscopy, she was diagnosed with "celiac disease" and was placed on a gluten-free diet, but without much improvement.
Repetitive strain injury to the foot in elite women kendoka.
Authors: N R Nunn, J W Dyas, I P Dodd
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1997)

To account for the apparent high incidence of pain in the feet of elite women kendo players.A clinical evaluation was done by a chiropractor, the women were interviewed about their kendo experience, and the conditions and frequency of training and ground reaction forces were measured on a Kistler force plate during the kendo attacking action.Four out the five women presented with plantar fasciitis. They had all practised for some time on wooden floors laid on concrete, for between two to four hours a week. They warmed up conscientiously but cool down was more cursory. The force plate results showed that they were hitting the floor with a mean force of four times body weight during a transient impact.High motivation for practice and training, hard floors, ignoring painful feet, and cursory postpractice cool down probably produced the condition. Postpractice icing and stretching were found to be most effective in the short term. In the longer term reducing the level of impact, either by training on sprung floors or changing the footwork, might reduce the incidence and intensity of the fasciitis.
Physiopathology of megarectum: the association of megarectum with encopresis.
Authors: P Meunier, P Mollard, J M Marechal
Journal: Gut (1976)

Studies of both rectosphincteric reflex threshold and conscious rectal sensitivity threshold were performed on 15 control subjects and 61 children with a radiological megarectum, 70% of whom were encopretics. In control subjects, the reflex threshold and the sensitivity threshold were obtained with a comparable volume of rectal distension. In the megarectum patients, sensitivity was often considerably reduced, the incidence of encopresis increasing proportionally with the decrease in conscious rectal sensitivity. Patients were segregated in three functional groups, according to measurements of the sensitivity threshold.
Aspirin for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Robert Cote
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 September 1996Aspirin for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery StenosisRobert Cote, MD, Renaldo N. Battista, MD, and Michal Abrahamowicz, PhDRobert Cote, MDMontreal General Hospital, Montreal H3G 1A4, Quebec, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author, Renaldo N. Battista, MDMontreal General Hospital, Montreal H3G 1A4, Quebec, CanadaSearch for more papers by this author, and Michal Abrahamowicz, PhDMontreal General Hospital, Montreal H3G 1A4, Quebec, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-5-199609010-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Drs. Hart and Solomon for their comments. First, we clearly stated in our article that our conclusions may not apply to patients with active coronary disease who require the use of aspirin, because these patients were excluded from our study. Consequently, the number of nonfatal myocardial infarctions seen in our study was too small to draw any firm conclusions on the effectiveness of aspirin in preventing this outcome.We were interested in the effect of aspirin on the risk for a composite of clinical end points. It is clear from our data that the annual rate ...References1. Results of a randomized, controlled trial of carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Mayo Asymptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Study Group. Mayo Clin Proc. 1992; 67:513-8. Google Scholar2. Towne JB, Weiss DG, Hobson RW. First phase report of Cooperative Veterans Administration Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Study. Operative morbidity and mortality. J Vasc Surg. 1990; 11:252-9. Google Scholar3. Norris J, Zhu CZ, Bornstein NM, Chambers BR. Vascular risks of asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Stroke. 1991; 22:1485-90. Google Scholar4. Simon R. Confidence intervals for reporting results of clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 1986; 105:429-35. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert Cote, MD; Renaldo N. Battista, MD; Michal Abrahamowicz, PhDAffiliations: Montreal General Hospital, Montreal H3G 1A4, Quebec, Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 5Page: 420-421KeywordsAspirinCarotid endarterectomyClinical trial reportingHeart rateMorbidityMyocardial infarctionObservational studiesSafetyStenosisSurgery ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Electroencephalogram: Its Patterns and Origins
Authors: Frederic A. Gibbs
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —When Dr Riley reviewed Barlow's new book in<i>JAMA</i>,<sup>1</sup>he took it for granted that electroencephalograms (EEGs) and, in particular, the visual interpretation of EEG patterns were passe. He wrote, "I have often scoffed at the old Gibbsian fascination with the shape of the waves on paper. Although impressed with Barlow's studies and models, I wonder whether they are not just a richer preoccupation with the same waves that misled Gibbs." That Riley could scoff so publicly at nearly half a century of extensive medical research, research conducted by hundreds of sincere scientists, utilized by thousands of clinicians, and recognized by specialty boards, and suggest that all these people were misled is an example of the extent to which medicine can sometimes be so caught up in technological and political competitiveness that practical and good medicine ends up being lost in the process. Would Riley also
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31) acts as a regulator of B-cell development, B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)–mediated activation, and autoimmune disease
Authors: Ray Wilkinson, A. Bruce Lyons, Donna Roberts, Mae-Xhum Wong, Paul A. Bartley, Denise E. Jackson
Journal: Blood (2002)
Nail anomalies in Hodgkin's disease
Authors: R.T. SHAHANI, E.K. BLACKBURN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Pecuiiar nail anomalies reflecting a poor prognosis are described in four patients with generalized Hodgkin's disease. While all the patients had from one to three complete transverse white lines in each nail, one also showed dark brown coloration of the distal parts of the nails with white proximal parts.
A Clinical Lecture on some Cases Illustrating the Surgery of the Stomach: Delivered at University College Hospital, May 6th, 1899
Authors: A. E. Barker
Journal: BMJ (1899)

27_891[WC -the recognition, I mean, of tlhe inherent power of the individual to resist, against the heaviest odds, the convection of disease-a power evidently immeasurably greater than that either of the soi-disant omnipresent microbe or of the artificial bacillus, however carefully it may be eultivated.I cannot but think, with every respi-ct for the praisewortlhy efforts of tlhe bacteriologist to track the morbific particle to its lair, arild to master it there with its owni weapons, that room still exists for a larger faitlh in those provisionis of Nature for our indi- vidual protection than we are altogether willing to accord to them.If it is really a fact that, withi every drop we drink anid every mouthful we eat, we are taking in enouglh of the active principle of disease to destroy a regiment, and that, notwitli- standing, we niot only escape infection but are perpetually diminishing the zymotic death-rate, I finid myself, -widt Dr. Poore, obliged to accord a far greater value to this beii- ficent endowment of personal immunity than is eommonly conceded to it.
Abstract A50: Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying colon cancer development by 3D culture system
Authors: Atsuro Sakurai, Masamichi Imajo, Michiyuki Matsuda
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Intestinal stem cells produce all types of intestinal epithelial cells including absorptive enterocytes and secretory cells to maintain the homeostasis of intestinal tract. Activity of various signaling pathways not only in the epithelial cells but also in the stromal cells must be coordinately regulated to maintain the intact structure. Among them, Wnt pathway is regarded as one of the most critical pathways for stem cell homeostasis and colon cancer development, in which Wnt signaling is often activated due to mutations in tumor suppressor gene APC. However, it is still unclear how the activation of Wnt pathway causes colon cancer development. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the colon cancer development, we utilized in vitro crypt culture, which recapitulates three-dimensional epithelial structure comprising of all types of intestinal epithelial cells. To reveal key molecules in colon cancer development upon Wnt activation, we performed microarray analysis of crypts cultured in the presence or absence of Wnt3a or GSK-3β inhibitor, both of which are activators of Wnt pathway. Consequently, we identified fifty genes as the Wnt-activated genes. We knocked down these genes by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference in cultured normal and adenomatous crypts to examine the contribution to the cell growth and crypt formation. This approach will help us to understand the signaling network that regulates the homeostasis of stem cells and the development of colon cancer. Citation Format: Atsuro Sakurai, Masamichi Imajo, Michiyuki Matsuda. Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying colon cancer development by 3D culture system. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A50.
High Court overturns two GMC judgments and sends them back to be heard by new panels
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A GP who was struck off by the General Medical Council for sexual misconduct amounting to “gross violation of the fundamental rules relating to the relationship between doctor and patient” has won a High Court ruling quashing the findings.

Mr Justice Kenneth Parker ruled that the GMC fitness to practise panel in the case of Edouard Yaacoub gave inadequate reasons for deciding that the patient, a 56 year old widow with spastic paraplegia who gave an increasingly lurid account of what had happened to her, was a credible witness.

The inadequacy of the panel’s reasoning for accepting the evidence of the GMC’s main witness as credible is the same basis on which the Court of Appeal quashed the decision to strike the paediatrician David Southall off the medical register. …
Treatment of Paralytic Ileus
Authors: R. L. Holt
Journal: BMJ (1936)

A AlDHESIONIS OF JOI'TS-AND glJ oAL -929 " perfectly reduced by operation, the wound may heal with- out obvious infection, and passive movement and manipulation may be avoided in a blameless after-treatment, and yet, if wire is used for internal fixation, there is usually permanent limitation of extension movement.The wire is associated with a low-grade inflammatory reaction, and the continued irritative serofibrinous exudation gives rise to periarticular adhesion formation which is particularly resistant.In these fractures it is quite unnecessary to use anything stronger than catgut, which absorbs so rapidly that it does not give rise to adhesion formation.Similarly in the replacement of epicondylar fragments to the humerus, of malleolar fragments to the tibia, and in the repair of comminuted fractures of the lower end of the humerus and upper end of the tibia, plates, screws, and wire should always be avoided.The rustless and stailnless metals recently introduced produce less reaction than other metals.Nevertheless, even these metals should be used with caution, because some reaction does occur after two or three months.In fractures of the neck of the femur the effect of a stainless steel nail is minimized by its distance from periarticular tissues.Even so, it appears advisable to remove the nail in all cases as soon as the fracture is firmly united. ConclusionI would repeat, then, that fractures should be perfectly immobilized by complete fixation of adjacent joints, so that active movement of distant joints may be practised painlessly.Patients must be definitely instructed in joint mobilization; briefly, as follows:Colles's fracture: Fix wrist; actively move fingers, elbow, and shoulder.Fractured shafts of the radius and ulna: Fix elbow and wrist actively move fingers and shoulder.Fractures of the elbow: Fix elbow ; actively move fingers, wrist, and shoulder.Fractured shafts of the humerus and shoulder: Fix shoulder and elbow ; actively move wrist and fingers.Pott's fracture: Fix ankle ; actively move toes, knee, and hip.Fractured shafts of the tibia and fibula: Fix ankle and knee ; actively move toes and hip.
The draft genome and transcriptome of Cannabis sativa
Authors: Harm van Bakel, Jake M Stout, Atina G Cote, Carling M Tallon, Andrew G Sharpe, Timothy R Hughes, Jonathan E Page
Journal: Genome biology (2011)

Abstract Background Cannabis sativa has been cultivated throughout human history as a source of fiber, oil and food, and for its medicinal and intoxicating properties. Selective breeding has produced cannabis plants for specific uses, including high-potency marijuana strains and hemp cultivars for fiber and seed production. The molecular biology underlying cannabinoid biosynthesis and other traits of interest is largely unexplored. Results We sequenced genomic DNA and RNA from the marijuana strain Purple Kush using shortread approaches. We report a draft haploid genome sequence of 534 Mb and a transcriptome of 30,000 genes. Comparison of the transcriptome of Purple Kush with that of the hemp cultivar 'Finola' revealed that many genes encoding proteins involved in cannabinoid and precursor pathways are more highly expressed in Purple Kush than in 'Finola'. The exclusive occurrence of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase in the Purple Kush transcriptome, and its replacement by cannabidiolic acid synthase in 'Finola', may explain why the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is produced in marijuana but not in hemp. Resequencing the hemp cultivars 'Finola' and 'USO-31' showed little difference in gene copy numbers of cannabinoid pathway enzymes. However, single nucleotide variant analysis uncovered a relatively high level of variation among four cannabis types, and supported a separation of marijuana and hemp. Conclusions The availability of the Cannabis sativa genome enables the study of a multifunctional plant that occupies a unique role in human culture. Its availability will aid the development of therapeutic marijuana strains with tailored cannabinoid profiles and provide a basis for the breeding of hemp with improved agronomic characteristics.
Drugs for asthma in New Zealand, Australia, and the United Kingdom
Authors: R Jackson, R Beaglehole
Journal: BMJ (1984)

which after convincing recovery can relapse only one week after six weeks' supervised treatment including high dose parenteral thiamine ?3Many ingrained assumptions concerning the prevalence and supposed lack of pathophysiological importance of thiamine deficiency in alcoholics with liver disease predate or ignore the use of functional assays.These assumptions are not all in the interests of patient survival and merit urgent revision.46We look forward to integrated studies incorporating the systematic prolonged use of thiamine in the supraphysiological dosages that functional tests indicate necessary to raise and maintain tissue transketolase activity.Dr Dancy and others did not (as we requested) give any further dietary history of their alcoholic patients.They did make the point (with which we agree) that "any sick alcoholic merits a trial of thiamine... ." Fr the sake of consistency we invite them to clarify whether or not they think their study provides ground for withholding such treat- ment from ill patients with active liver disease and normal or high blood concentrations of thiamine, its esters, or both.
No Association Between Human Herpesvirus Type 8 Infection and multiple Myeloma
Authors: A. M. Perna, E. Viviano, N. Romano, E. Iannitto, R. Marceno
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

for women who resided in northern Sardinia but 129 for those living in southern Sardinia.Antilatent HHV-8 antibodies were found in only three women (95% CI ‫ס‬ 0.0%-6.3%);all of these individuals were from northern Sardinia (Table 1).Our results confirm the association between seroprevalence of HHV-8 and incidence rates of KS in different regions of Italy as reported by Whitby et al. (4).The results also highlight the possibility that substantial variations exist between neighboring areas.However, HHV-8 seroprevalence rates must be interpreted with caution on account of limitations of assay specificity for different HHV-8 antigens (7) and the predominance of selected population groups such as blood donors (4).
PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN FIRST-DEGREE RELATIVES OF PREMATURE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Hyuk-Jae Chang, Min-Kyung Kang, Young Jin Kim, Woo-In Yang, Chi Young Shim, Jong-Won Ha, Yangsoo Jang, Namsik Chung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
F-18 FDG Whole-Body Positron Emission Tomography Scan in Primary Breast Sarcoma
Authors: SIEMA M. BAKHEET, JOHN POWE, ADNAN EZZAT, HAMAD AL SUHAIBANI, ASMA TULBAH, ASSEM ROSTOM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Three patients with primary breast sarcoma showed intense F-18 FDG breast uptake on the whole-body scan. In two patients the uptake was irregular and associated with cold foci that corresponded to hypodense lesions noted on the chest CT; these represented areas of pathologically demonstrated tumor necrosis. There was also intense FDG uptake in pulmonary, axillary, and supraclavicular lymph node metastases. All lesions were confirmed by CT scan of the chest. Thus F-18 FDG positron emission tomographic scanning accurately staged the tumors in these two patients, and it documented local recurrence in the third patient. Histopathologic examination showed evidence of a high-grade sarcoma, a primary rhabdomyosarcoma, and a malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes of the breast. Similar to breast carcinoma, F-18 FDG whole-body positron emission tomographic imaging could be useful in diagnosing and staging primary breast sarcomas.
Dual Targeting of Endothelial Cells and Pericytes in Antivascular Therapy for Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Chunhua Lu, Aparna A. Kamat, Yvonne G. Lin, William M. Merritt, Charles N. Landen, Tae Jin Kim, Whitney Spannuth, Thiru Arumugam, Liz Y. Han, Nicholas B. Jennings, Craig Logsdon, Robert B. Jaffe, Robert L. Coleman, Anil K. Sood
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Pericytes are known to provide a survival advantage for endothelial cells. We hypothesize that strategies aimed at dual targeting of tumor-associated endothelial cells and pericytes will be highly efficacious. Experimental Design: Paclitaxel-sensitive (HeyA8 and SKOV3ip1) or paclitaxel-resistant (HeyA8-MDR) orthotopic tumors in mice were examined for therapeutic efficacy by targeting the endothelial cells (using a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor, AEE788) and pericytes (using STI571) alone or in combination. Additional therapy and survival studies in combination with paclitaxel were also done. Following therapy, tumors were examined for endothelial cell apoptosis, pericyte coverage, microvessel density, and proliferation. Results: AEE788 inhibited tumor growth by 45% and 59% in the HeyA8 and SKOV3ip1 models, respectively, whereas STI571 alone was not effective. AEE788 plus STI571 resulted in 69% to 84% inhibition of tumor growth in both models. Moreover, combination of these agents with paclitaxel was even more effective, resulting in up to 98% inhibition of tumor growth. The triple combination was even effective in the HeyA8-MDR model. Remarkably, this triple combination also resulted in improved survival compared with all other groups (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and caused regression of formed tumors. Pericyte coverage was significantly decreased in the STI571 treatment groups, and microvessel density was significantly reduced in the AEE788 treatment groups. AEE788 induced endothelial cell apoptosis, which was further enhanced by the addition of STI571. Conclusions: Strategies targeting both endothelial cells and pericytes are highly effective for in vivo treatment of ovarian carcinoma. This antiangiogenic effect may be partially due to decreased pericyte coverage, thus increasing the sensitivity of tumor vasculature to therapy. These encouraging data support the development of clinical trials based on this strategy.
Renal Failure Obfuscates the Diagnosis of Cushing's Disease
Authors: Nina A. Sharp
Journal: JAMA (1986)

THE DIAGNOSIS of Cushing's syndrome can be challenging in the patient with chronic renal failure (RF). Spurious overestimation of plasma cortisol,<sup>1</sup>abnormal cortisol binding,<sup>2,3</sup>poor gastrointestinal tract absorption of dexamethasone,<sup>4</sup>and abnormal response to dexamethasone<sup>5</sup>have all been reported to occur in this setting. The hypophyseal-pituitary-adrenal axis appears to be altered in RF, even in patients who lack overt features of Cushing's syndrome, although diurnal variation of plasma cortisol is usually preserved.<sup>5</sup>While much attention has been focused on the laboratory abnormalities in RF patients, little has been published about the occasional RF patient with clinical manifestations of hypercortisolism. The usual diagnostic criteria, standardized for patients with normal renal function, may not be adequate to make the diagnosis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 43-year-old man had a history of type II diabetes mellitus of eight years' duration, hypertension, congestive heart failure, hypertriglyceridemia, and chronic RF
Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice
Authors: Roy M. Pitkin
Journal: JAMA (1985)

How does the subspecialty of maternal-fetal medicine relate to its parent discipline of obstetrics? Creasy and Resnik have given their answer to this question in the form of a book intended to "merge the basic and clinical sciences of normal pregnancy as well as reproductive malfunction." Their aim has been accomplished quite admirably, with the aid of 48 contributors whose names read like a veritable who's who of obstetrics, gynecology, endocrinology, and neonatology. A certain amount of unevenness is inherent in any multiauthored text. The fact that it is a relatively minor problem in this volume reflects careful planning and editing by the editors, resulting in an organizational structure that flows logically from physiology to pathophysiology and chapters that are almost all comprehensive, detailed, and amply illustrated. Of course, there are some exceptions. The section on cardiac diseases is rather brief and omits any discussion of important subjects such as
Proteasome activation: An innovative promising approach for delaying aging and retarding age-related diseases
Authors: Niki Chondrogianni, Konstantinos Voutetakis, Marianna Kapetanou, Vasiliki Delitsikou, Nikoletta Papaevgeniou, Marianthi Sakellari, Maria Lefaki, Konstantina Filippopoulou, Efstathios S. Gonos
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2014)