tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Types of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: T. S. DANOWSKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

Editorials1 August 1962Types of Diabetes MellitusT. S. DANOWSKI, M.D., F.A.C.P.T. S. DANOWSKI, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-57-2-321 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe two reports of undue hyperglycemia in uremic patients, presented elsewhere in this number of the ANNALS, add another category of diabetes mellitus to the many already extant. These categories of diabetes mellitus, many of them overlapping, include juvenile (prematurity), adult (post-maturity), obese, lipoatrophic, insulin dependent (ketosis prone), insulin non-dependent (ketosis resistant), insulin sensitive, insulin resistant, brittle, post-pancreatectomy, and pancreatic diabetes mellitus. The list can be extended further by citing clinical sub-categories of diabetes mellitus like those associated with acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome or disease, adrenal rest tumors of the ovaries, pheochromocytoma, islet cell tumor of the pancreas, exophthalmic and non-exophthalmic... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTherapies of Diabetes MellitusDrug Therapy of Diabetes Mellitus 1 August 1962Volume 57, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 321-323KeywordsAcromegalyAdrenal tumorsDiabetes mellitusHyperglycemiaInsulinOvariesOverweightPancreasPheochromocytoma Issue Published: 1 August 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with a novel telomerase mutation and steatosis
Authors: Luca Valenti, Paola Dongiovanni, Marco Maggioni, Benedetta Maria Motta, Raffaela Rametta, Marta Milano, Silvia Fargion, Paolo Reggiani, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)

We report the case and discuss the outcome of a 63-year-old man, who was transplanted for hepatocellular carcinoma arising from cirrhosis associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver and diabetes. Because of co-existent well-compensated idiopathic familial pulmonary fibrosis and family history of cryptogenic cirrhosis, he was screened and found positive for a novel c.2062 C>G telomerase (TERT) mutation, encoding for the protein Glu668Asp variant, which was also confirmed in the neoplastic tissue. TERT mutations have very recently been associated with a spectrum of familial hepatic liver diseases often characterized by steatosis and hepatic iron overload, and have been reported to represent a frequent risk factor for cirrhosis, being observed in as much as 3–8% of unselected patients with different liver diseases. Due to the systemic involvement of telomerase diseases very likely influencing the clinical outcome, and the peculiar biological features of hepatocellular carcinoma arising in this context, we suggest that patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis or other suggestive features should be screened for TERT mutations and specific treatment algorithms elaborated for this disease.
Decreased content and surface expression of alpha-granule membrane protein GMP-140 in one of two types of platelet alpha delta storage pool deficiency.
Authors: B Lages, S J Shattil, D F Bainton, H J Weiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

To determine whether alpha-granule membranes are present in platelets of patients with storage pool deficiencies of both alpha and dense granules (alpha delta-SPD), we examined the content and surface expression of the alpha-granule membrane protein GMP-140 in one patient (J.C.) with a severe alpha-granule deficiency and in three members of a family (family C) with milder alpha-granule deficiencies. Surface expression of GMP-140 in stimulated platelets, assessed by flow cytometric measurements of the binding of two anti-GMP-140 monoclonal antibodies, was 24-38% of normal values in platelets from patient J.C., vs. 60-95% of normal values in family C. Total platelet content of GMP-140, determined in platelet lysates by antigen-capture ELISA, was 49% of normal in patient J.C., but normal in the members of family C. Platelets of patient J.C. were found to be heterogeneous with respect to GMP-140 content and surface expression by both flow cytometry and immunogold electron microscopy. Approximately 80% of her platelets expressed little or no GMP-140 after stimulation, whereas the remaining 20% expressed normal amounts of GMP-140 and showed extensive immunogold labeling of typical alpha-granules and clear vacuoles. No such heterogeneity was found in platelets from family C. These findings in the severe alpha delta-SPD patient are in clear contrast to the observations of normal GMP-140 content in the three other alpha delta-SPD patients, and in patients with the gray platelet syndrome, reported previously by others. These results illustrate the phenotypic heterogeneity of alpha-granule deficiencies in human platelets, and suggest that a defect in granule formation in the megakaryocytes may account for the alpha-granule defect in at least one form of alpha delta-SPD.
Operable Heart Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: BORYS SURAWICZ
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This short textbook, devoid of references, is directed primarily at students, interns, and surgical residents. The author correlates cardiac anatomy and pathophysiology with clinical electrocardiographic and roentgenologic findings in patients with operable heart disease. In the preface he states that his presentation has evolved from experience in teaching medical students and house officers, but the book does not successfully transform effective classroom teaching into an effective writing. The lines separating the virtues of effective oral presentation from the sins of sloppy writing have been too frequently transgressed. As a result, brevity has become an omission of important information, and simplicity an over-simplification. The bits of information selected for presentation are mostly of elementary nature. Nevertheless, not all definitions are precise and not all statements are accurate. Most of my colleagues—cardiologists—will not agree that in ventricular septal defect the harsh pansystolic murmur is loudest over the left second interspace; that in
Abdominal Pain and Abnormal Liver Tests After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Authors: M. Muñoz-Navas, J. Baillie
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

I am pleased to introduce Dr Miguel Muñoz-Navas as the Guest Discussant for this case. Dr Muñoz-Navas is a distinguised Spanish gastroenterologist who has particular interest and expertise in the management of hepatobiliary and pancreatic disorders. He speaks much better English than I do Spanish, and I look forward to his comments on the case that follows. Welcome, Dr Muñoz-Navas!
<i>Retracted</i>: Tetraoxanes: Synthetic and medicinal chemistry perspective
Authors: Nitin Kumar, Ram Singh, Diwan S. Rawat
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2009)

Abstract The following article from Medicinal Research Reviews, Tetraoxanes: Synthetic and medicinal chemistry perspective by Nitin Kumar, Ram Singh, Diwan S. Rawat, published online on 21 December 2009 in Wiley Online Library ( http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com ), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Binghe Wang and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed due to inappropriate citation of previously published work.
Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Robert D. Gillette
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Ornish et al have described a project that investigated the effect of stress control and dietary changes on the course of ischemic heart disease. They reported a remarkable 91% decrease in anginal episodes and 55% increase in work performance after 24 days in a controlled environment. Their intent was commendable, but the report's value is limited by the number of uncontrolled variables and the fact that some elements of their program are not sustainable over time by most of our population. One planned intervention was a vegan diet averaging 1,400 calories daily. It caused a mean weight loss of 0.19 kg/day (0.42 lb/day) in the experimental subjects, while the weight of the control subjects remained constant. One might believe that weight loss of this magnitude introduces a variable in addition to the types of foods permitted, although the authors state that their statistical analysis indicates otherwise. The
The Value of Enteric-Coated Aspirin
Authors: Robert H. Talkov, Marian W. Ropes, Walter Bauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

BECAUSE of its analgesic value, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is used extensively. In the treatment of certain rheumatic disorders, maximal dosage over long periods is frequently necessary if optimal control of pain is to be attained. However, in consequence of the local irritation of the gastric mucosa, one frequently encounters the distressing symptoms of heartburn, nausea, epigastric fullness and pain, anorexia and vomiting; rarely, hematemesis occurs. In an attempt to avoid these symptoms we employed an aspirin tablet with an enteric coat¶ that would resist dissolution in the stomach and thereby prevent actual contact between the drug and the mucous membrane. . . .
RECK-Mediated Suppression of Tumor Cell Invasion Is Regulated by Glycosylation in Human Tumor Cell Lines
Authors: Siro Simizu, Satoshi Takagi, Yuki Tamura, Hiroyuki Osada
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract RECK, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)–anchored glycoprotein, negatively regulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), such as MMP-9, and inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis. The predicted amino acid sequence of human RECK includes five putative N-glycosylation sites; however, the precise biochemical role of glycosylated RECK remains unknown. In this study, we examined the link between glycosylation and the function of RECK in human tumor cell lines. RECK protein was glycosylated at Asn86, Asn200, Asn297, and Asn352 residues but not at the Asn39 residue in HT1080 cells. Although the glycosylation of these asparagine sites did not play a role in the cell surface localization of RECK as a GPI-anchored protein, the glycosylation of RECK Asn297 residue was involved in the suppression of MMP-9 secretion and Asn352 residue was necessary to inhibit MMP-2 activation. Moreover, RECK-suppressed tumor cell invasion was reversed by inhibiting glycosylation at Asn86, Asn297, and Asn352 residues of RECK. Thus, these findings indicate that glycosylation mediates RECK suppression of tumor cell invasion by multiple mechanisms such as suppressing MMP-9 secretion and inhibiting MMP-2 activation.
The Association Between Soluble Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Levels And Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon
Authors: İlker Murat Caglar, Cem Özde, Fatma Nihan Turhan Çağlar, Bülent Demir, İsmail Ungan, Faruk Aktürk, Osman Karakaya
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A phase I-II trial of the kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor SB-743921 on days 1 and 15 every 28 days in non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: O. A. O’Connor, A. Goy, R. Orlowski, J. D. Hainsworth, J. P. Leonard, B. Afanasyev, D. Osmanov, M. Chen, A. Wolff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

8539 Background: KSP is a mitotic kinesin essential for cell cycle progression. SB-743921 (SB-921), a selective KSP inhibitor, blocks mitotic spindle assembly with cell cycle arrest in mitosis and cell death. In the first-in-humans (FIH) trial, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 4 mg/m2 q21 days (d), i.e., 0.2 mg/m2/d. Neutropenia was the major dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Methods: Phase I of this trial determines the MTD of SB-921 without prophylactic GCSF (pGCSF) in patients (pts) with Non-Hodgkin (NHL) or Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). Eligible pts with relapsed or refractory lymphoma had at least 1 prior chemotherapy regimen, and had relapsed after or were not candidates for autologous stem cell transplant. SB-921 is given to cohorts of 3 on d1/d15 q28d, starting at 2 mg/m2 and escalating by 1 mg/m2. Cohorts expand to 6 if 1/3 pts have a DLT. Results: To date, 32 pts have received ≤ 7 mg/m2 of SB-921; 14 had HL; 18 had NHL (9 indolent, 9 aggressive). Thirty-one pts had ≥ 2 prior chemotherapy regimens (14 had ≥ 5). Cycle 1 neutropenia ≥ grade 3 occurred in 7 pts. Two DLTs at 6 mg/m2 occurred with ≥ grade 3 neutropenia; one was noted after escalation to 7 mg/m2, a dose tolerated through cycle 1 without DLT by 3 pts. Cycle 1 drug-related non-hematologic toxicities ≥ grade 3 were infection (1), dehydration (1) and dyspnea (1). A HL pt had a partial response (PR) for 4 cycles at 6 mg/m2; a NHL pt begun at 3 mg/m2 and escalated to 5 mg/m2 had stable disease for 13 cycles. Conclusions: SB-921 is well tolerated without pGCSF at < 6 mg/m2 and possibly at ≥ 7 mg/m2 given d1/d15 q28d, an increase from the MTD of 4 mg/m2 q21d in the FIH trial (possibly ≥ 0.5 vs. 0.2 mg/m2/d). The 6 mg/m2 cohort was expanded and may allow re-escalation to > 7 mg/m2. A HL pt had a PR at 6 mg/m2. If the MTD without pGCSF is neutropenia, the MTD will next be determined with pGCSF. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Cytokinetics
ASPIRIN DESENSITIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID SENSITIVITY: LONG TERM OUTCOME
Authors: Roberta Rossini, Giuseppe Musumeci, Roberto Pozzi, Irene Bossi, Angelo Anzuini, Paola Colombo, Corrado Lettieri, Paolo Ferrero, Matteo Bianco, Orazio Valsecchi, Vasile Sirbu, Michele Senni, Dominick Angiolillo, Antonello Gavazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Epilepsy and stress.
Authors: T. Betts
Journal: BMJ (1992)

<h3>Summary</h3> Chromosome association of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC; consisting of Borealin, Survivin, INCENP and the Aurora B kinase) is essential to achieve error-free chromosome segregation during cell division. Hence, understanding the mechanisms driving the chromosome association of the CPC is of paramount importance. Here using a multifaceted approach, we show that the CPC binds nucleosomes through a multivalent interaction predominantly involving Borealin. Strikingly, Survivin, previously suggested to target the CPC to centromeres [1–3] failed to bind nucleosomes on its own and requires Borealin and INCENP for its binding. Disrupting Borealin-nucleosome interactions excluded the CPC from chromosomes and caused chromosome congression defects. We also show that Borealin-mediated chromosome association of the CPC is critical for Haspin- and Bub1-mediated centromere enrichment of the CPC and works upstream of the latter. Our work thus establishes Borealin as a master regulator determining the chromosome association and function of the CPC.
ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX IN ADVANCED PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: D. Pickering
Journal: BMJ (1927)

at various ages the actual fraction is remarkably constant.'Fig. 3 is that of similar cyrtometer tracings of individuals with abnormal conditions; whilst Fig. 4 shows drawings of what may be called " freak " chests.I merely include i-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 fA fA (a) (b) A (c) (d) FIG, 4.-Very abnormal chests.(a) Aged 13.A.P. dia.8 in.; C. dull.44 in.; circum.
Move to bring back medical officer of health
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Two Scottish MPs have called for the restoration of the post of medical officer of health in the wake of the outbreak of Escherichia coli food poisoning in Scotland.

Dr Lewis Moonie, a former consultant in public health, and Sam Galbraith, a consultant neurosurgeon, have produced a paper, which has been referred by the Scottish secretary, Michael Forsyth, to the Pennington inquiry on the outbreak.

The Labour MPs argue in the paper that health authorities have become …
93. Increased Number of Lung CD34+ Sca-1+ Putative Stem Cells Mediated by Adenovirus Overexpression by Sonic Hedgehog in the Respiratory Tract of Adult Mice
Authors: Anja Krause, Ju Joh, Austen Gess, Howard Lou, Ronald G. Crystal, Stefan Worgall
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a mammalian hedgehog pathway ligand that plays an important role in the development of mammalian epithelia, is a mediator of embryonic lung development, including regeneration of respiratory epithelium. Shh is synthesized as a 47kDa precursor, which under goes autocatalytic cleavage and loss of the carboxy (C)-terminal to generate the 19kDa amino (N)-terminal Shh that is secreted and is responsible for all known biological activities of the molecule. Based on the knowledge that the hedgehog pathways are implicated in the maintenance of stem or progenitor cells of many adult tissues, we hypothesized that overexpression of Shh in the lung would be associated with increased numbers of stem cells in the respiratory tract. To assess this concept, we administered to the lung an adenovirus (AdShhN) encoding a genetically engineered form of the N-terminal of Shh (ShhN) that lacks the enzymatic activity in the C-terminal for the addition of cholesterol, rendering ShhN more diffusible. AdShhN was administered to the respiratory tract of adult C57BL/6 mice via the intratracheal route, with naive mice or mice that received AdNull control vector with no transgene, serving as controls. Based on current knowledge of lung stem cells that are multipotent and have self-renewing properties, lung suspensions were assessed over time for cells that are negative for CD45 and pecam (CD45neg pecamneg; thus excluding the hematopoietic and endothelial lineages), and positive for the stem cell markers CD34 and Sca-1 (CD34pos, Sca-1pos). The number of CD34pos, Sca-1pos cells in the CD45neg pecamneg population were quantified in lung suspensions 3, 7 and 10 days following administration of the Ad vectors by flow cytometry. In naive mice, the Sca-1pos, CD45neg pecamneg cells represented 0.5 -1 % of the total lung cell preparation. After 3 days, in the mice who had received AdShhN, 25 |[plusmn]| 2 % of the Sca-1pos, CD45neg pecamneg cells were positive for CD34 compared to 9 |[plusmn]| 3 % for the naive and 11 |[plusmn]| 4 % for the AdNull groups (p<0.05, both comparisons). At 7 days, the number of CD34pos, Sca-1pos, CD45neg pecamneg cells in the AdhhN group was increased 4- and 3-fold compared to the naive and AdNull group, respectively (p<0.01, both comparisons). At 10 days, although still significantly higher than controls the CD34pos, Sca-1pos, CD45neg cells had returned towards the resting values 1.6- and 1.7-fold in the AdShhN group compared to naive or AdNull, respectively (p<0.01). The data demonstrates that overexpression of ShhN in the respiratory tract increases the number of pulmonary CD34pos, Sca-1pos, CD45neg pecamneg cells, an observation that has implications relevant to the biology of repair of the lung, as well as the development of strategies enhancing lung repair.
Abstract 1152: A novel, practical method for improving the sensitivity and reproducibility of immunodetection
Authors: Lorne J. Hofseth, Anne Bailey
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The sedentary nature of standard immune-detection techniques on a slide (e.g. immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and/or immunofluorescence) leads to the potential for tissue drying, and antibody pooling, ultimately resulting in uneven and inconsistent staining which can yield false negative or under readings. We therefore hypothesized that if we could provide motion in the antibody fluid while submerging the tissue laden slide, we could prevent such disadvantages. Here, we present data indicating that rocking such slides in an antibody bath leads to extremely even staining, highly reproducible results and greatly enhanced sensitivity. We found that for both nuclear and anti-nuclear antibodies, reaction sensitivity was increased 1000X to 1,000,000X over best practice with standard immune detection techniques. The immunodetection scores for p-P53/Serine 15, Ki-67 and Hsp 70 as well as experiment photographs comparing the sedentary to dynamic methods results are presented. References are also given. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1152.
Statin Use in Patients With Extremely Low Low-Density Lipoprotein Levels Is Associated With Improved Survival
Authors: Nicholas J. Leeper, Reza Ardehali, Emil M. deGoma, Paul A. Heidenreich
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Aggressive lipid management has recently become the standard of care for patients with coronary heart disease. The safety and effectiveness of statin usage for patients with extremely low low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels are less clear, however. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and clinical outcomes of statin treatment in patients with LDL cholesterol levels below 60 mg/dL.A total of 6107 consecutive patients with LDL levels less than 60 mg/dL were identified from a tertiary care medical center or affiliated community clinic. Statin therapy was defined as a prescription during the 150 days after the low LDL value was obtained. The propensity to be treated with a statin was used to adjust the association of statin therapy and survival. A total of 4295 patients (70%) had at least 1 prescription for any medication during the 150-day observation period after the low LDL value. Their mean age was 65 years, 43% had prior ischemic heart disease, and 47% had diabetes mellitus. Statins were prescribed in 2564 patients (60%) after the low LDL value was observed. During a mean follow-up of 2.0+/-1.4 years after the observation period, there were 510 deaths. After controlling for the propensity to receive a statin, statin therapy was associated with improved survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.80). This lower mortality was also observed for subgroups of patients already taking statins at baseline (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.88), those with extremely low LDL levels (<40 mg/dL, n=623; HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.79), and those without a history of ischemic heart disease (n=2438; HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.80). Statin use was not associated with an increase in malignancy, transaminase elevation, or rhabdomyolysis.Statin therapy in the setting of a very low LDL level appears to be safe and is associated with improved survival.