tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reductions of erythrocyte membrane viscoelastic coefficients reflect spectrin deficiencies in hereditary spherocytosis.
Authors: R E Waugh, P Agre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Hereditary spherocytosis is a common hemolytic anemia associated with deficiencies in spectrin, the principal structural protein of the erythrocyte membrane-skeleton. We have examined 20 different individuals from 10 spherocytosis kindreds and 2 elliptocytosis kindreds to determine the effects of different levels of spectrin deficiency on the viscoelastic properties of the erythrocyte membrane. Micropipettes were used to perform single-cell micromechanical measurements of approximately 1,000 individual cells to determine the membrane elastic shear modulus, the apparent membrane bending stiffness, and whole cell recovery time constant for the different cell populations. The membrane viscosity was calculated by the product of the shear modulus and the recovery time constant. Results show correlation between the fractional reduction in shear modulus and the fractional reduction in spectrin content (determined by spectrin radioimmunoassay) and spectrin density (determined by the ratios of spectrin to band 3 on electrophoresis gels) suggesting that membrane shear elasticity is directly proportional to the surface density of spectrin on the membrane (P less than 0.001). The apparent membrane bending stiffness is also reduced in proportion to the density of spectrin (P less than 0.001). The membrane viscosity is reduced relative to control (P less than 0.001), but the nature of the relationship between spectrin density and membrane viscosity is less clearly defined. These studies document striking relationships between partial deficiencies of erythrocyte spectrin and specific viscoelastic properties of the mutant membranes.
688 CELLULAR HETEROGENEITY IN THE EXPRESSION OF VITAMIN C TRANSPORTERS (SVCT1 AND SVCT2) IN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL LIVER PARENCHYMA
Authors: J. Vaquero, J.J. Garcia Marin, C. Hierro, M.J. Monte, F. Jimenez, F. Gonzalez San-Martin, A. Garcia Blazquez, R. Rodriguez Macias
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Thrombo-endarterectomy and its Application to Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: P. R. Allison
Journal: BMJ (1962)

lhe problems presented by ischaemic heart disease cannot be considered in isolation.As Florey (1960) has cmphasized in a comprehensive summary, they are associated with two general problems: those of athero- flow to the extent of producing symptoms.In a limb vessel this may cause only slight disability, but in the coronary vessels it may cause angina pectoris, in the renal vessels it may cause systemic hypertension, and in the cerebral vessels transient impairment of consciousness, strength, or sight.
Microsatellite variation and evolution in the Mimulus guttatus species complex with contrasting mating systems
Authors: P. Awadalla, K. Ritland
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

Mutational variability at microsatellite loci is shaped by both population history and the mating system. In turn, alternate mating systems in flowering plants can resolve aspects of microsatellite loci evolution. Five species of yellow monkeyflowers (Mimulus sect. Simiolis) differing for historical rates of inbreeding were surveyed for variation at six microsatellite loci. High levels of diversity at these loci were found in both outcrossing and selfing taxa. In line with allozyme studies, inbreeders showed more partitioning of diversity among populations, and diversity in selfing taxa was lower than expected from reductions in effective population size due to selfing alone, suggesting the presence of either population bottlenecks or background selection in selfers. Evaluation of the stepwise mutation model (a model of DNA replication slippage) suggests that these loci evolve in a stepwise fashion. Inferred coalescent times of microsatellite alleles indicate that past bottlenecks of population size or colonization events were important in reducing diversity in the inbreeding taxon.
Only ignorance stops progress
Authors: A. Lager, S. Bremberg, D. Vagero
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Sensorimotor cortex mediates the formation of adaptation memory. Individuals differ in the rate at which they acquire, retain, and generalize adaptation. We present a mechanistic explanation of the neurochemical and computational causes of this variation in humans. Neuroimaging identified structural, functional and neurochemical covariates of a computational parameter that determines memory persistence. To establish causality, we increased sensorimotor cortex excitability during adaptation, using transcranial direct current stimulation. As predicted, this increased retention. Inter-individual variance in the stimulation-induced E:I increase predicted the computational change, which predicted the memory gain. These relations did not hold, and memory was unchanged, with stimulation applied before adaptation. This cognitive state dependent effect was modulated by the BDNF val66met genetic polymorphism. Memory was enhanced by stimulation in Val/Val carriers only, implicating a mechanistic role for activity-dependent BDNF secretion. Sensorimotor cortex E:I causally determines the time constant of memory persistence, explaining phenotypic variation in adaptation decay.
Syndrome of sclerodactyly, calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, and telangiectasia.
Authors: A W Dellipiani, M George
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Hyperparathyroidism-Ogg MEDICAL JOURNAIL impaired vital capacity (1,350 ml.; predicted 1,900 ml.) with increased residual volume (2,460 ml.; predicted 1,800 ml.).There was evidence of obstructive airway disease, the ratio F.E.V.1/F.V.C. being 56%. 02saturation was 86% ; PCO2 38 mm.Hg; pH 7.40.The findings were thought to be compatible with the presence of pulmonary congestion and kyphoscoliosis.
“The dream of reason creates monsters” . . . especially when we neglect the role of emotions in REM-states
Authors: Jaak Panksepp
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

As highlighted by Solms, and to a lesser extent by Hobson et al. and Nielsen, dreaming and REM sleep can be dissociated. Meanwhile Vertes &amp; Eastman and Revonsuo provide distinct views on the functions of REM sleep and dreaming. A resolution of such divergent views may clarify the fundamental nature of these processes. As dream commentators have long noted, with Revonsuo taking the lead among the present authors, emotionality is a central and consistent aspect of REM dreams. A deeper consideration of emotions in REM dreams may serve as the conceptual salve to help heal the emerging rifts in this field of inquiry. [Hobson et al.; Nielsen; Revonsuo; Solms; Vertes &amp; Eastman]
Long-Term Care after Hematopoietic-Cell Transplantation in Adults
Authors: Joseph H Antin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

A 35-year-old man who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation two years earlier for acute myeloid leukemia has recently moved to a new town. He comes in for a general checkup because he tires easily and has frequent bouts of sinusitis. Physical examination reveals small central cataracts, some patches of vitiligo, and a dry mouth. What are the major issues in the long-term follow-up of patients after successful hematopoietic-cell transplantation?
Spatial Vector Electrocardiography
Authors: ROBERT P. GRANT
Journal: Circulation (1950)

A new method for the interpretation of conventional electrocardiographic leads is presented. It is based upon evidence that all body surface leads tend to record from the same resultant electrical forces. The various leads write different QRS and T contours in a given case, then, simply because the axis for each of the leads has a different direction in the electrical field and therefore registers different components of these electrical forces. The method has many advantages over "pattern" methods of interpretation. To illustrate its use, a study of QRS vectors is presented with special reference to the S l S 2 S 3 pattern.
Newborn and adult recombinant inbred strains: A tool to search for genetic determinants of target organ damage in hypertension
Authors: Pavel Hamet, Zdenka Pausova, Pierre Dumas, Yu Lin Sun, Johanne Tremblay, Michal Pravenec, Jaroslav Kunes, Drahomira Krenova, Vladimir Kren
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
Ultrastructural study of iron deposition in the eccrine sweat glands of patients with iron overload
Authors: V. FALANGA, P. ZHENG, R. M. LAVKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Ultrastructural study of iron deposition in the eccrine sweat glands of patients with iron overload Get access V. FALANGA, V. FALANGA Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Dermatology, Philadelphia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. ZHENG, P. ZHENG Duhring Laboratories, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. M. LAVKER R. M. LAVKER Duhring Laboratories, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia Dr Robert M. Lavker, Duhring Laboratories, Dept. of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 244 Medical Education Building GM, 36th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 1, 1 January 1984, Pages 51–56, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb07311.x Published: 01 January 1984 Article history Accepted: 07 June 1983 Published: 01 January 1984
C1-esterase inhibitor prevents early pulmonary dysfunction after lung transplantation in the dog.
Authors: A Salvatierra, F Velasco, M Rodriguez, A Alvarez, R Lopez-Pedrera, R Ramirez, J Carracedo, F Lopez-Rubio, J Lopez-Pujol, R Guerrero
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

The success of lung transplantation to a large extent depends on effective protection of the graft from ischemic injury after reperfusion. Although mechanisms have not been clarified, the pathologic findings of ischemic injury after reperfusion are similar to adult respiratory distress syndrome, a condition in which the blood coagulation contact system is activated. This study evaluates the effect of C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), the main inhibitor of the blood coagulation contact system, on short-term lung function in a dog model of orthotopic lung transplantation. Twelve lung transplantations were performed after 24 h of ischemic time. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive either vehicle (Control) or C1-INH. After the lung transplantation in the control group, Pao2 decreased by 84% and both the AaPO2 and the Qs/Qt% increased (340 and 530%, respectively, p < 0.01); these parameters remained unchanged in the C1-INH group. The hypoxemia observed in control animals was associated with decreased blood coagulation contact factors, complement consumption, increased expression of adhesion glycoproteins in leukocytes, and extensive intraalveolar and interstitial neutrophil infiltration. In contrast, C1-INH administration prevented hypoxemia, the decrease in blood coagulation contact factors, the activation of the complement system, the increase in expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules, and inflammatory cell infiltrate. This study has demonstrated that in a dog model of lung transplantation, the administration of C1-INH prevents early pulmonary dysfunction, and it suggests that activation of blood coagulation contact system and complement are important mechanisms causing ischemic injury after reperfusion.
Radiographic Visualization of Multiple Diverticula of the Gall Bladder
Authors: Emanuel Friedman, Alan B. Skornegk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE radiographic demonstration of diverticula of the gall bladder is uncommon. However, in a review of 175 post-mortem cases, Robertson and Ferguson1 found that 81 per cent of diseased gall bladders had diverticula, whereas 42 per cent of those without evidence of disease had diverticula that were shallower and fewer in number. The anatomic development of these diverticula and their more frequent occurrence in diseased organs created a controversy in the literature from the time they were first adequately described by Rokitansky,2 in 1842, and by Luschka,3 in 1858. The former did not consider them diverticula, and Luschka spoke of . . .
Assessment of aortic insufficiency by transcutaneous Doppler ultrasound.
Authors: D R Boughner
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Using a 2.2 MHZ directional Doppler ultrasound unit, the instantaneous peak aortic velocity pattern was recorded transcutaneously in 15 normal persons and 15 patients with aortic insufficiency. The transducer was positioned in the suprasternal notch and aimed posteriorly to cross the descending aortic arch at an angle approximately parallel to blood flow. The electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram, and carotid pulse tracings were recorded simultaneously. In patients with aortic insufficiency there was significant diastolic flow that was not present in normal persons. The planimetered area under the systolic and diastolic velocity tracings represents the distance forward and backward that the stroke volume moves. The ratio was used to approximate the percent regurgitation, which ranged from 9% to 68%. From left ventricular angiograms in the patients with aortic regurgitation single plane ventricular volume measurements were used to calculate ventricular output and when compared with the Fick cardiac output gave an estimate of true percent regurgitation. A strong correlation was obtained with the Doppler estimate (r=0.91), confirming that this simple ultrasound technique can accurately assess the degree of aortic insufficiency.
Pulmonary Talcosis From Cosmetic Talcum Powder
Authors: Key Nam
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The habitual use of large amounts of cosmetic talcum powder produced significant pulmonary talcosis in a 39-year-old black truck driver. Pulmonary disease was apparent on his chest roentgenogram, and was initially interpreted as miliary tuberculosis. The patient died from peritonitis following infarction of large segments of small intestine. Autopsy revealed extensive intraalveolar and interstitial deposits of talc in all lobes of both lungs. This case suggests that significant pulmonary disease may attend the overzealous use of cosmetic talcum powder.
Right and left heart pressures in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: A. B. WEISSE, R. NARANG, B. HAIDER, T. J. REGAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

In dogs the effects of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on right and left heart pressure relationships were studied. Right atrial pressure was a poor predictor of left heart pressures. Pulmonary artery end-diastolic, left atrial, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures tended to equalize in normals (except with tachycardia) and after AMI. In a previously scarred left ventricle, however, after superimposed AMI and marked elevations in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, prominent atrial impact waves resulted in this being appreciably higher than the other two pressure measurements.
Rabies Prevention 1966
Authors: EUGENE A. HILDRETH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

Editorials1 June 1966Rabies Prevention 1966EUGENE A. HILDRETH, M.D., F.A.C.P.EUGENE A. HILDRETH, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-6-1357 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the past decade, newer principles have evolved concerning the postexposure prevention of rabies. A review of the pathogenesis and prevention of rabies was presented in the ANNALS in 1963 (1). In that review, the relative importance of first, prompt local wound care; second, prompt rabies hyperimmune serum therapy; and third, vaccine therapy was discussed.Since 1963, occasional instances of therapeutic failure of the above regimen have been reported, and are abstracted by Anderson, Daly, and Kidd in this issue of the ANNALS. As these authors state, many reasons can account for such failures. It should be emphasized, however, that...References1. HILDRETH EA: Prevention of rabies or the decline of Sirius. Ann. Intern. Med. 58: 883, 1963. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Expert Committee on Rabies, fifth report. WHO Technical Report Series, no. 321, 1966. Google Scholar3. KARLINERBELAVAL JSGS: Incidence of reactions following administration of antirabies serum. JAMA 193: 109, 1965. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: EUGENE A. HILDRETH, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pa. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRabiesRabies TreatmentTHORNSVARD CHARLES, M.D.Problems/Solutions 1 June 1966Volume 64, Issue 6Page: 1357-1360KeywordsPathogenesisRabiesSerotherapyVaccines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reversible Cardiac Conduction Block and Defibrillation with High-Frequency Electric Field
Authors: Harikrishna Tandri, Seth H. Weinberg, Kelly C. Chang, Renjun Zhu, Natalia A. Trayanova, Leslie Tung, Ronald D. Berger
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2011)

High-frequency electric fields partially depolarize myocardial cells, inducing a reversible refractory state that terminates reentrant arrhythmias.
A Phase I Dose-Finding Study of the Novel Toll-like Receptor 8 Agonist VTX-2337 in Adult Subjects with Advanced Solid Tumors or Lymphoma
Authors: Donald W. Northfelt, Ramesh K. Ramanathan, Peter A. Cohen, Daniel D. Von Hoff, Glen J. Weiss, Gregory N. Dietsch, Kristi L. Manjarrez, Tressa D. Randall, Robert M. Hershberg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

This phase I, open-label, uncontrolled, ascending-dose study explored the safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, and pharmacology of the TLR8 agonist VTX-2337 in subjects with advanced solid tumors or lymphoma.VTX-2337 doses (0.1-3.9 mg/m(2)) were administered subcutaneously on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle. Safety/tolerability assessments included adverse events (AE); physical, ophthalmologic, and laboratory evaluations; and electrocardiograms. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were evaluated during the first cycle. Pharmacokinetics were evaluated after the first dose. Plasma samples were quantitatively assessed for chemokines, cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators. Antitumor activity was assessed.Thirty-three subjects were enrolled in 8 cohorts and received an average of 2 treatment cycles (range, 1-8 cycles). Most AEs were grades 1 to 2; the most common drug-related AEs were injection site reactions, chills, pyrexia, and influenza-like illness. One DLT was reported: grade 3 hypotension (3.9 mg/m(2)). The MTD was considered the highest dose administered. Peak drug plasma levels and total systemic exposure were generally dose proportional. At doses ≥0.4 mg/m(2), increases above baseline levels were observed for plasma levels of G-CSF, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, and TNFα. Eight subjects (24.2%) had a best response of stable disease (median duration, 54.5 days).VTX-2337 is clinically well tolerated and biologically active with a predictable pharmacokinetic profile. Suitable doses for testing in combination studies were identified. Phase II placebo-controlled studies of VTX-2337 in combination with doxorubicin in ovarian cancer, and in combination with platinum chemotherapy, 5 FU, and cetuximab in head and neck cancer have been initiated (NCT #01666444 and NCT#01836029).
Sanitation campaigners call for urgent action over India's missing toilets
Authors: S. Bagcchi
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Activists for better sanitation in India say that nearly 37.6 million toilets are missing in rural parts of the country. Missing toilets are those that are documented by the government, but do not exist. 

A report by the Right to Sanitation Campaign, titled In Deep Shit , says that the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation claims that 53.09% of rural households were covered by the toilet drive by December 2010. But the 2011 …
Hot Flashes and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Rebecca C. Thurston, Kim Sutton-Tyrrell, Susan A. Everson-Rose, Rachel Hess, Karen A. Matthews
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Although evidence suggests adverse vascular changes among women with hot flashes, it is unknown whether hot flashes are associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to examine relations between menopausal hot flashes and indices of subclinical cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that women with hot flashes would show reduced flow-mediated dilation and greater coronary artery and aortic calcification compared with women without hot flashes. Methods and Results— The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation Heart Study (2001 to 2003) is an ancillary study to the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation, a community-based cohort study. Participants were 492 women (35% black, 65% white) 45 to 58 years of age who were free of clinical cardiovascular disease and had a uterus and at least 1 ovary. Measures included a brachial artery ultrasound to assess flow-mediated dilation, electron beam tomography to assess coronary artery and aortic calcification, reported hot flashes (any/none, previous 2 weeks), and a blood sample for measurement of estradiol concentrations. Cross-sectional associations were evaluated with linear regression and partial proportional odds models. Hot flashes were associated with significantly lower flow-mediated dilation (β=−1.01; SE, 0.41; P =0.01) and greater coronary artery (odds ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 2.12) and aortic (odds ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 2.19) calcification in age- and race-adjusted models. Significant associations between hot flashes and flow-mediated dilation (β=−0.97; SE, 0.44; P =0.03) and aortic calcification (odds ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 2.49) remained in models adjusted for cardiovascular disease risk factors and estradiol. Conclusions— Women with hot flashes had reduced flow-mediated dilation and greater aortic calcification. Hot flashes may mark adverse underlying vascular changes among midlife women.
United States loses lead in contraceptive choices, R&amp;D; changes in tort liability, FDA review urged
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE UNITED STATES has become the global backwater in contraceptive research and development, experts warn, and unless steps are taken now to change public policy related to contraceptive development, contraceptive choice in the next 10 to 15 years will not differ appreciably from what it is today. "The United States has gone from being the indisputable world leader in contraceptive research and development to become a third-world nation [in this regard]. We are very inept in helping families achieve the size that they want," says David Grimes, MD, professor of obstetrics and gynecology and preventive medicine at University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles. <h3>Industry Abandons Field</h3> Speaking at the annual meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, held in Las Vegas, Nev, Grimes noted that during the last three decades, all but one major US pharmaceutical company—Ortho Pharmaceutical Corp, Raritan, NJ (a subsidiary of Johnson