tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A piece of my mind. A 'novel' idea?
Authors: S. C. Campman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The occurrence of pericapillary fibrin in venous hypertension and ischaemic leg ulcers: a histopathological study
Authors: EVA BALSLEV, H. KLEM THOMSEN, LIS DANIELSEN, F. WARBURG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

The presence of pericapillary fibrin and complement C3c in the ulcers of 19 patients with venous hypertension and 14 patients with ischaemic leg ulcers was investigated using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. There was deposition of fibrin around the capillaries in the central part of the ischaemic ulcers, and the venous hypertension ulcers, and in the non‐ulcerated skin around one of the venous hypertension ulcers and two of the ischaemic leg ulcers. The deposition of fibrin is a secondary phenomenon that occurs in the area of ulcerated skin and dose not play a major causal role in the formation of chronic leg ulcers.
Calcium transport abnormality in uremic rat brain synaptosomes.
Authors: C L Fraser, P Sarnacki, A I Arieff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Brain calcium is elevated in patients and laboratory animals with uremia. The significance of this finding is unclear. We evaluated calcium transport in brain of both normal and acutely uremic rats (blood urea nitrogen = 250 mg/dl) by performing studies in synaptosomes from rat brain cerebral cortex. Synaptosomes are vesicular presynaptic nerve endings from brain that contain mitochondria and are metabolically active. Two mechanisms of calcium transport were evaluated using radioactive 45Ca++ as a tracer. Both mechanisms were evaluated in the absence of exogenously administered parathyroid hormone (PTH). We first evaluated Na+-Ca++ exchange in vesicles that were loaded with NaCl in an external media containing 10 microM CaCl2. Both initial rates of calcium transport and equilibrium levels of calcium accumulation in synaptosomes prepared from uremic rats were significantly greater (P less than 0.005) than in normal. To assess calcium efflux, ATP-dependent calcium uptake (1 mM ATP) was studied in inverted plasma membrane vesicles loaded with KCl. In the uremic synaptosomes, a significant increase (P less than 0.005) in ATP-dependent calcium uptake was observed as compared with the normal. These studies show that (a) Calcium accumulation via the Na+-Ca++ exchanger is increased in synaptosomes prepared from uremic rat brain. (b) Calcium influx into inverted plasma membrane vesicles from uremic rats via the ATP-dependent calcium transport mechanism is increased when compared with normal. (c) The increased calcium accumulation in uremia by both Na+-Ca++ exchange and ATP-dependent calcium transport mechanism appears to be a result of increased synaptosomal membrane permeability to calcium. Both these abnormalities of calcium transport in uremia would tend to increase brain extracellular calcium in vivo. The defects observed in uremia do not appear to be readily reversible, and the relationship to PTH is presently unclear. These abnormalities may affect neurotransmission in the uremic state.
Abstract 2342: Related study on the fat mass and obesity associated FTO gene and melanoma
Authors: Tianhui Niu, Min Xiong, Yan Tian
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract FTO is a Fe(II)/2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxidative DNA/RNA demethylase and plays a key role in the fat metabolism and several chronic illnesses including cancer development. Several independent SNPs in the intron 8 of the FTO gene, showed nominally significant association with risk of melanoma. But the functional regulatory mechanism of FTO protein is poorly understood. Thus, the research of downstream factors and interaction proteins of FTO may identification of the mechanism FTO participated in and discovery of the FTO pathway may provide a noval evidence to the diagnosis and put forward new targets for the treatment of melanoma. Recent reports show that there is an important link between FTO and melanoma cancer. Our recent studies find that there are differences of FTO expression between normal skin and melanoma cancer. First of all, higher FTO protein expression was detected by western blot in melanoma cancer cells, compared with primary cultured normal skin cells. However, the mRNA expression of both normal tissue and melanoma cancer are at the similar level. Secondly, FTO expression was also investigated in 80 clinical samples. Compared with normal skin tissues, malignant melanoma tissues had stronger positive immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of FTO in nucleus, and IHC scoring confirmed the significantly higher FTO protein expression in carcinoma tissues. In the normal skin tissues, FTO only expressed in basal nuclei; but in the melanoma cancer, FTO expressed in the dermal cells both at the nucleus and membrane. Especially, the expression of FTO is closely related with the pathological staging of melanoma. The increased FTO expression in melanoma carcinoma suggested that aberrant FTO expression may be an early molecular event in cancer development. Simultaneously, we focus on identifying the specific regulation function of FTO in the melanoma cancer cell, using the cDNA microarray and Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis combining with MALDI-TOF-MS technique to screen the interaction proteins and their mutual regulation, determine the molecules interaction with FTO in the melanoma cancer development. Taken together, these data demonstrated that there is an important link between FTO and melanoma cancer, FTO gene plays an important role in melanoma pathogenesis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Tianhui Niu, Min Xiong, Yan Tian. Related study on the fat mass and obesity associated FTO gene and melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2342. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2342
Closure of Private Beds in N.H.S. Hospitals
Authors: J. J. Shipman, G. Fagg, R. Armour, A. R. Ryan, W. F. Millner, E. T. McCartney, E. R. Norton, D. I. Shaw, A. Darnborough, G. T. Hollingworth, P. Kilburn, K. W. Giles, E. D. H. Cowen, T. J. Phillips, D. W. Miles, A. Graham, S. G. Jones, J. Cape, J. R. Fountain
Journal: BMJ (1974)
A fashion for uniformity
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

I looked at the new pink patch on my jeans. I never wore a school uniform because in the ’70s schools were keen for children to have freedom to express themselves. A result was that if you looked different you got picked on. So my pink patch meant that I was going to have a fight. I wished we had a school uniform. So as adolescents many of us joined the music gangs—new romantics, mod revival, metalists, and punks. As a teenager …
Hyperinsulinemia, sex, and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Authors: M Modan, J Or, A Karasik, Y Drory, Z Fuchs, A Lusky, A Chetrit, H Halkin
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND The possibility that hyperinsulinemia may be involved in the etiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) was first suggested 20 years ago. During the last decade, this possibility has received support from three large prospective studies. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, the association between CVD, glucose intolerance, obesity, and hypertension (the GOH conditions) and hyperinsulinemia was examined cross-sectionally in a representative sample (n = 1,263) of the adult Jewish population aged 40-70 years in Israel. Previously known diabetics were excluded. CVD comprising clinical or ECG evidence of ischemic heart disease, as well as clinical evidence of cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular disease, was identified in 97 men and 39 women. A significant (p less than 0.01) hyperinsulinemia-sex interaction was found for CVD rate, with the adjusted risk ratios (followed by 95% confidence limits), relative to the rate in 298 normoinsulinemic women, being 1.15 (0.68-1.95) in 328 normoinsulinemic men, 0.85 (0.48-1.49) in 277 hyperinsulinemic women, and 2.27 (1.33-3.08) in 360 hyperinsulinemic men. Age-adjusted CVD rates in men versus women were: a) similar and low among all normoinsulinemic normotensives and hyperinsulinemics free of any of the GOH conditions (all rates less than or equal to 6.5%); b) similar and high among normoinsulinemic hypertensives (13.4% versus 10.4%); c) significantly higher in men among hyperinsulinemic normotensives with glucose intolerance and/or obesity (15.2% versus 3.3%; p = 0.02) and all hyperinsulinemic hypertensives (21.5% versus 12.8%; p = 0.04). These trends remained significant after adjusting for age, ethnic group, and blood lipids. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, hyperinsulinemia was associated with excess CVD risk in men but not in women, and all excess CVD risk in men was confined to hyperinsulinemic individuals in the presence of glucose intolerance, obesity, or hypertension.
Mental health approach works better than information at preventing problem drinking in teenagers
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Schools can prevent teenagers’ misuse of alcohol and deliver “substantial savings” for society through a mental health approach that targets support at pupils with “high risk” personalities, say researchers.

Their study showed that cognitive behavioural group workshops led by trained staff improved pupils’ ability to cope with traits such as anxiety and impulsiveness and reduce the likelihood of problem drinking.1

The lead researcher, Patricia Conrod, of King’s College London’s Institute of Psychiatry, said that the mental health approach was “more successful in reducing drinking behaviour than giving teenagers general information …
Hepatic nuclear corepressor 1 regulates cholesterol absorption through a TRβ1-governed pathway
Authors: Inna Astapova, Preeti Ramadoss, Ricardo H. Costa-e-Sousa, Felix Ye, Kaila A. Holtz, Yingxia Li, Michele W. Niepel, David E. Cohen, Anthony N. Hollenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Transcriptional coregulators are important components of nuclear receptor (NR) signaling machinery and provide additional mechanisms for modulation of NR activity. Expression of a mutated nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1) that lacks 2 NR interacting domains (NCoRΔID) in the liver leads to elevated expression of genes regulated by thyroid hormone receptor (TR) and liver X receptor (LXR), both of which control hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that expression of NCoRΔID in mouse liver improves dietary cholesterol tolerance in an LXRα-independent manner. NCoRΔID-associated cholesterol tolerance was primarily due to diminished intestinal cholesterol absorption as the result of changes in the composition and hydrophobicity of the bile salt pool. Alterations of the bile salt pool were mediated by increased expression of genes encoding the bile acid metabolism enzymes CYP27A1 and CYP3A11 as well as canalicular bile salt pump ABCB11. We have determined that these genes are regulated by thyroid hormone and that TRβ1 is recruited to their regulatory regions. Together, these data indicate that interactions between NCoR1 and TR control a specific pathway involved in regulation of cholesterol metabolism and clearance.
QTc prolongation measured by standard 12-lead electrocardiography is an independent risk factor for sudden death due to cardiac arrest.
Authors: A Algra, J G Tijssen, J R Roelandt, J Pool, J Lubsen
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND QTc prolongation has been implicated as a risk factor for sudden death; however, a controversy exists over its significance. METHODS AND RESULTS In the Rotterdam QT Project, 6,693 consecutive patients who underwent 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography were followed up for 2 years; of these, 245 patients died suddenly. A standard 12-lead electrocardiogram and clinical data at the time of 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography were collected for all patients who died suddenly and for a random sample of 467 patients from the study cohort. In all patients without an intraventricular conduction defect (176 patients who died suddenly and 390 patients from the sample), QT interval duration was measured in leads I, II, and III and corrected for heart rate with Bazett's formula (QTc). In patients without evidence of cardiac dysfunction (history of symptoms of pump failure or an ejection fraction less than 40%), QTc of more than 440 msec was associated with a 2.3 times higher risk for sudden death compared with a QTc of 440 msec or less (95% confidence interval: 1.4, 3.9). In contrast, in patients with evidence of cardiac dysfunction, the relative risk of QTc prolongation was 1.0 (0.5, 1.9). Adjustment for age, gender, history of myocardial infarction, heart rate, and the use of drugs did not alter these relative risks. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that in patients without intraventricular conduction defects and cardiac dysfunction, QTc prolongation measured from the standard electrocardiogram is a risk factor for sudden death independent of age, history of myocardial infarction, heart rate, and drug use. In patients with cardiac dysfunction, QTc duration is not related to the risk for sudden death.
Campylobacter and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: CYNTHIA J. LICHTENBERGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1982Campylobacter and Pelvic Inflammatory DiseaseCYNTHIA J. LICHTENBERGER, M.T., CARL A. PERLINO, M.D.CYNTHIA J. LICHTENBERGER, M.T.Search for more papers by this author, CARL A. PERLINO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-1-147_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Both Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni and Campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus have been recognized as causes of human infection (1). Campylobacter fetus ssp. jejuni is now considered a major cause of human diarrheal illness. Futhermore Quinn and associates (2) have described a homosexual man with nonspecific proctitis from whom C. fetus ssp. jejuni was isolated, suggesting venereal transmission of this organism.Disease due toC. fetusssp.fetususually presents as a serious systemic infection. The possibility of venereal transmission of this organism also has been suggested by Brown and Sautter (3) who reported a patient with acute...References1. RETTIG P. Campylobacter infections in human beings. J Pediat. 1979;94:855-64. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. QUINNCOREYCHAFFEESCHUFFLERHOLMES TLRMK. Campylobacter proctitis in a homosexual man. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:458-9. LinkGoogle Scholar3. BROWNSAUTTER WR. Campylobacter fetus septicemia with concurrent salpingitis. J Clin Microbiol. 1977;6:72-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA 30335 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTubo-ovarian abscess with endometrial cyst probably infected by Campylobacter fetus : Two cases 1 July 1982Volume 97, Issue 1Page: 147-148KeywordsCampylobacterCampylobacter jejuniDiarrheaFetusesHomosexualsInfectious diseasesPelvic inflammatory diseaseProctitisSystemic diseases Issue Published: 1 July 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Rosette inhibition test in management of transplantations.
Authors: R F Wood, A Gray, P R Bell, J D Briggs
Journal: BMJ (1972)

staff are often heavily committed the day before an operating day and that by "ad- mitting" a patient two to three days before they come into hospital the week's work load can be more conveniently staggered.However, this local advantage does not justify the concept of preadmission clinics in general.We think that a more efficient use of hos- pital facilities would result from planned admissions with a short waiting list.It is then possible to do simple screening tests in the primary outpatient consultation clinic and to practise outpatient surgery in suit- able cases.-Weare, etc.,
Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Authors: Sedgwick Mead
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This new text has 25 contributors, all but four of whom are physicians. The editors do not state the purpose or expected readership, but we can infer that the book is meant for residents preparing for specialty certification in the field. The 36 chapters are divided in three parts: evaluation of the patient, techniques of management, and evaluation and management of specific disorders. Parts 1 and 2 adequately cover the subject matter. Part 3 would almost require a separate volume; it is now much too cursory to be more than an introduction to the care of the specific syndromes. The book suffers from the fate of all books put together by different cooks—a lack of a unifying point of view. Thus, the paragraphic "psychic recovery" in the chapter on spinal cord disease is so inadequate and so out of tune with chapter 6 ("Psychologic Assessment and Management") that it were
Tissue transglutaminase increases binding of IgE to ω-5 gliadin in wheat-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis
Authors: Kati Palosuo, Jenni Nurkkala, Elina Varijonen, Nisse Kalkkinen, Timo Reunala, Harri Tapio Alenius
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Deleterious Effects of a Systemic Lytic State on Reperfused Myocardium
Authors: Yoshio Ohnishi, Michelle C. Butterfield, Jeffrey E. Saffitz, Burton E. Sobel, Peter B. Corr, James A. Goldstein
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The beneficial effects of flow restoration and the deleterious impact of reperfusion injury on ischemic myocardium are well known. However, most experimental studies have induced reperfusion by mechanical release of nonthrombotic occlusions, only occasionally in the presence of a systemic lytic state. Conditions differ markedly in patients undergoing pharmacological or mechanical recanalization of thrombotically occluded coronary arteries. Accordingly, this study was designed to determine whether the method of coronary occlusion and mode of recanalization influence the response of the heart to reperfusion. Methods and Results The acute effects of reperfusion on right ventricular (RV) function and histology were studied in open-chest dogs subjected to right coronary artery (RCA) balloon occlusion and deflation alone (group 1), pharmacological lysis of thrombotic occlusions (group 2), balloon occlusion with reperfusion induced by balloon deflation in the presence of a systemic lytic state (group 3), and recanalization of thrombotically occluded vessels by direct angioplasty (group 4). In all groups, 1 hour of RCA occlusion led to RV free wall (FW) dyskinesis. In group 1, reperfusion promptly improved RVFW function, with normal RVFW thickness and only minimal edema by microscopy. In contrast, in group 2, clot lysis led to acute RVFW swelling and impaired recovery of RVFW contraction associated with striking interstitial edema, contraction band necrosis, and hemorrhage by microscopy. In group 3, balloon deflation in the presence of a lytic state led to a similar but less severe pattern of abrupt RVFW swelling and impaired recovery of RVFW function but lesser histological alterations than in group 2. However, mechanical recanalization of thrombotically occluded vessels (group 4) led to prompt recovery of RVFW function without significant RVFW swelling or histological abnormalities. Conclusions Our observations indicate that the responses of ischemic myocardium to reperfusion are influenced by factors beyond those effects attributable to ischemia and reperfusion per se. Pharmacological lysis of coronary thrombi results in alterations characteristic of reperfusion injury and associated with impaired functional recovery. Such changes are also evident, although to a lesser extent, when reperfusion of nonthrombotic occlusions is induced by mechanical recanalization in the presence of a systemic lytic state but not in its absence. However, such effects were not seen with direct mechanical recanalization of thrombotically occluded vessels. In aggregate, these findings indicate that induction of a systemic lytic state, together with products released by lysis of intracoronary thrombi, generates an injurious milieu that exerts adverse effects on reperfused myocardium.
Identifying Organic Mental Syndromes
Authors: Michael Goldin, John W. Jacobs, James J. Strain
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1979Identifying Organic Mental SyndromesMICHAEL GOLDIN, M.D., JOHN W. JACOBS, M.D., JAMES J. STRAIN, M.D.MICHAEL GOLDIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN W. JACOBS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES J. STRAIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-1-135_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the January 1977 issue, two of us (John Jacobs and James Strain) (1) reported the development and testing of the Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination designed to quickly identify diffuse organic mental syndromes in hospitalized medical patients. In the original study, a score of 19 or less correct responses out of 30 questions was taken as indicating the presence of significant cognitive deficits. In that study, 10 of a group of 69 consecutively admitted medical patients had received electroencepholograms (EEG) during their hospitalization. Six of the seven patients with abnormal EEGs scored 19 or less on the...Reference1. JACOBSBERNHARDDELGADOSTRAIN JMAJ. Screening for organic mental syndromes in the medically ill. Ann Intern Med. 1977;86:40-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPrimary or Depressive Dementia: Mental Status ScreeningIs there a need for admission and discharge cognitive screening for the medically ill? 1 July 1979Volume 91, Issue 1Page: 135-135KeywordsElectroencephalographyHospitalizations Issue Published: 1 July 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...