tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2677: Determination of the optimal route of administration of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> A1-R to target breast cancer in nude mice
Authors: Yong Zhang, Atsushi Suetsugu, Nan Zhang, Lei Zhang, Robert M. Hoffman, Ming Zhao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have previously developed the genetically-modified strain Salmonella typhimurium A1-R that selectively targets tumors. S. typhimurium A1-R is auxotrophic for leu and arg, which precludes it from growing in normal tissues but allows high tumor virulence. We report here the efficacy and safety of three different routes of S. typhimurium A1-R delivery oral (p.o.), intravenous (i.v.), and intra-tumor (i.t.) in nude mice with orthotopic human breast cancer. Nude mice with MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer expressing red fluorescence protein (RFP) were administered S. typhimurium A1-R by either of 3 routes: (p.o.: 2 × 108 CFU/200 αl; i.v.: 2.5 × 107 CFU/100 αl; i.t.: 2.5 × 107 CFU/50 µl) twice a week. Tumor growth was monitored by florescence imaging and caliper measurement in two dimensions. Treatment with S. typhimurium A1-R via all three routes resulted in effective targeting and tumor growth inhibition. Efficacy was observed earliest in the animals treated by i.v. injection. GFP-expressing S. typhimurium A1-R were imaged to target, colonize, and replicate in the human breast tumor, liver, and spleen as observed by fluorescence imaging. Bacterial colonization of tumor and normal organs at different time points were determined after S. typhimurium delivery by either of the 3 routes. S. typhimurium A1-R targeted tumors at much higher levels than normal organs with all 3 routes of administration. The bacteria replicated and survived longer in the tumor than normal organs with all 3 routes of administration. Two weeks after bacteria administration by all 3 routes, the bacteria disappeared from normal organs, but grew continuously in the tumor. The fewest bacteria were detected in normal organs after oral administration, which suggests oral administration has the highest safety. The i.v. route had the greatest anti-tumor efficacy. There were no obvious toxic effects on the host with any of the routes of administration. Non-tumor-bearing mice tolerated S. typhimurium A1-R, p.o., twice weekly treatment and could survive as long as untreated mice. The results of this study suggest that oral administration was the most safe to the host and the i.v. route was most effective for tumor targeting with S. typhimurium A1-R. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2677. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2677
TAPP2 links phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling to B-cell adhesion through interaction with the cytoskeletal protein utrophin: expression of a novel cell adhesion-promoting complex in B-cell leukemia
Authors: Jennifer L. Costantini, Samuel M. S. Cheung, Sen Hou, Hongzhao Li, Sam K. Kung, James B. Johnston, John A. Wilkins, Spencer B. Gibson, Aaron J. Marshall
Journal: Blood (2009)
IMPACT OF OUT OF HOURS TREADMILL EXERCISE TESTING ON ADMISSION TIMES AND COSTS FOR EVALUATING PATIENTS WITH CHEST PAIN
Authors: John Groarke, Niamh Adams, Terrance Farrell, Niall Mulvihill, Ross Murphy, Caroline Daly, Brendan Foley, Geraldine McMahon, Peter Crean
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Resistance to Tuberculosis: Experimental Studies in Native and Acquired Defensive Mechanisms
Authors: Roy Rosenthal
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This volume is a brilliant, lucid, and comprehensive analysis of the work carried out by Lurie and his associates during the past 40 years. The innate and adaptive physiological activities of the mononuclear phagocytes are the core factors which determine whether the largely intracellular bacillus proliferates or becomes inactivated and whether the disease progresses or is arrested. The author feels that there is no convincing evidence that the specific humoral antibodies are of major significance in immunity to tuberculosis. The ingenious experiments embrace such disciplines as pathology, immunology, bacteriology, genetics, endocrinology, epidemiology, biochemistry, and enzymology. The role of allergy in immunity in tuberculosis is given a minor place, although there is mounting evidence of its importance. Not withstanding the convincing experimental evidence of the role of the monocytes in resistance, this viewpoint is not unanimous. Some feel that those instances in which intracellular (as against humoral) destruction of the tubercle
Abstract LB-180: Prognostic analysis of invasive circulating tumor cells (iCTCs) to monitor epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Wen-Tien Chen, Huan Dong, Qiang Zhao, Jie Yang, QIAO ZHANG, Stanley Zucker, Michael L. Pearl
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is recognized as the leading biomarker in monitoring Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). More recently, invasive circulating tumor cells (iCTCs) have been introduced as a biomarker for metastatic potential. The goal of this research is to compare this biomarker with CA125 to determine the response to surgery and chemotherapy. Experimental Design: We compared clinical parameters with serial assays for iCTCs and CA125 in 129 fresh blood and 169 serum samples, respectively, from 31 patients who were receiving surgery and chemotherapy. iCTCs were capable of ingesting matrices (Cell Adhesion Matrix CAM+) and identified using positive tumor markers, Epi (EPCAM and CA125 or seprase and CD44), and negative selection markers, which exclude Epi-positive hematopoietic lineage (HL) cells, and enumerated by flow cytometry. iCTCs and CA125 levels were measured at time point less than 3-days apart. Results: A significant correlation was identified between changes in iCTC counts and CA125 levels (r=0.67, P&amp;lt;0.001) in the 83 samples collected prior to and after surgery and therapy. CA125 levels, but not iCTCs, were significantly reduced after surgery. During therapy, a significantly stronger concordance with clinical status was noted for decreasing values (specificity, 93.8% CA128; 90.6% iCTCs) compared with increasing values (sensitivity, 61.3% CA125; 83.9% iCTCs). Notably, increases in iCTCs, not CA125, were associated with increased risks for progressive disease (P&amp;lt;0.001). In the 8 patients who had &amp;gt;4 serial samples during therapy, changes in iCTC counts provided earlier measure of therapy response than CA125. Conclusion: This analysis showed that iCTC assay compared favorably with CA125 to monitor the response of chemotherapy in EOC patients, whereas changes of CA125 correlated better with reduced tumor burden after surgery. Citation Format: Wen-Tien Chen, Huan Dong, Qiang Zhao, Jie Yang, QIAO ZHANG, Stanley Zucker, Michael L. Pearl. Prognostic analysis of invasive circulating tumor cells (iCTCs) to monitor epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-180. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-180
P189Vascular ageing is apparent during an oral glucose challenge in healthy humans
Authors: OBA Bin Abdullah, JR Jakob Raunsoe, AMP Atheline Major-Pedersen, TH Thomas Hermann, NI Nikolaj Ihlemann, LK Lars Kober, CTP Christian Torp-Pedersen, H Dominguez
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: In previous studies, we have demonstrated an impairment of endothelial-mediated vasodilatation during an oral glucose challenge (OGTT - 75 gram glucose over 1 min) measured by venous occlusive forearm plethysmography. These results appeared to be at odds with subsequent studies where we observed an increase rather than an impairment of vasodilatation. Since the population in the latter studies were substantially younger, we have investigated prospectively the extent of maximally stimulated endothelium-mediated forearm blood flow under an OGTT. Methods: We measure forearm blood flow (FBF) with venous occlusive plethysmography and assess endothelium-mediated vasodilation by intra-arterial infusion of increasing doses of serotonin and by flow-mediated vasodilation. Control for non-endothelium-mediated vasodilatation is measured with intra-arterial infusion of sodium nitroprusside. Measurements performed at baseline, one and two hours in an OGTT. Results (preliminary): All participants are healthy and grouped according to their age: a young group (n 8, range 20-26 years) and an older group (n 7, range 46-69 years). Maximal stimulated endothelium-mediated vasodilatation increased by 70% (SD 48%) one hour after initiation of OGTT compared to baseline stimulation in young individuals (p=0.03) while it decreased by 26% (SD 18%) in older volunteers. Two hours after OGTT initiation, FBF tended to resemble baseline response (FBF increased by 51%, SD 32% in young, and decreased by 69%, SD 19% in older). In one young person FBF was 4% lower after 1 h OGTT but increased by 18% after 2 hours. All of the older volunteers showed a fall in FBF during OGTT. Conclusion: Vascular ageing seems to be apparent in healthy individuals who undergo an oral glucose challenge.
Alcohol, Acetaminophen, and Hepatic Necrosis
Authors: ATHAN KARTSONIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1986Alcohol, Acetaminophen, and Hepatic NecrosisATHAN KARTSONIS, M.D., K. RAJENDER REDDY, M.D., EUGENE R. SCHIFF, M.D.ATHAN KARTSONIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, K. RAJENDER REDDY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, EUGENE R. SCHIFF, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-1-138_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In your March issue, Seeff and coworkers (1) reported on 25 alcohol abusers who developed evidence of severe hepatic necrosis while taking acetaminophen for therapeutic purposes. Over the past 2 months, 2 young alcoholic men have been treated in our medical center for acetaminophen-induced severe hepatic necrosis. The doses ingested by each were far below those previously considered to be toxic for healthy adults.Patient 1:A 39-year-old white alcoholic man was admitted to the Miami Veterans Administration Hospital with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. He consumed 60 g of alcohol per day. Six days earlier, he...References1. SEEFFCUCCREVINIZIMMERMANADLERBENJAMIN LBHES. Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in alcoholics: a therapeutic misadventure. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:399-404. LinkGoogle Scholar2. AMEERGREENBLATT BD. Acetaminophen. Ann Intern Med. 1977;87:202-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Miami School of Medicine Miami, FL 33101 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByLa mésaventure thérapeutique du paracétamol chez le buveur excessifParacetamol, alcohol and the liverAnti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in goutAcetaminophen (paracetamol) hepatotoxicity with regular intake of alcohol: Analysis of instances of therapeutic misadventureA review of the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol at therapeutic or near-therapeutic dose levels, with particular reference to alcohol abusersAntipyretic analgesicsParacetamol Medication and Alcohol Abuse: A Dangerous Combination for the Liver and the Kidney 1 July 1986Volume 105, Issue 1Page: 138-139KeywordsAbdominal painAlcoholicsAlcoholismAlcoholsNauseaNecrosisVomiting Issue Published: 1 July 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abnormal cancellous bone collagen metabolism in osteoarthritis.
Authors: J P Mansell, A J Bailey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Biochemical investigations into the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis have, for the last two decades, concentrated on the mechanisms involved in the destruction of the articular cartilage. Although bone changes are known to occur, the biochemistry of the collagenous matrix within osteoarthritic bone has received scant attention. We report that bone collagen metabolism is increased within osteoarthritic femoral heads, with the greatest changes occurring within the subchondral zone. Collagen synthesis and its potential to mineralize were determined by the carboxy-terminal propeptide content and alkaline phosphatase activity, respectively. These data supported elevated new matrix formation. Our finding of a three- to fourfold increase in TGF-beta in osteoarthritic bone indicates that this might represent a stimulus for the increased collagen synthesis observed. Of additional significance is the hypomineralization of deposited collagen in the subchondral zone of osteoarthritic femoral heads, supporting a greater proportion of osteoid in the diseased tissue. The cross-linking of collagen was similar to that observed for controls. In addition, the degradative potential of osteoarthritic bone was considerably higher as demonstrated by increased matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity, and again the greater activity was associated with the subchondral bone tissue. The polarization exhibited in the metabolism of bone collagen from osteoarthritic hips might exacerbate the processes involved in joint deterioration by altering joint morphology. This in turn may alter the distribution of mechanical forces to the various tissues, to which bone is a sensitive responder. Bone collagen metabolism is clearly an important factor in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and certainly warrants further biochemical study.
Development of a Cellularly Degradable PEG Hydrogel to Promote Articular Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Deposition
Authors: Balaji V. Sridhar, John L. Brock, Jason S. Silver, Jennifer L. Leight, Mark A. Randolph, Kristi S. Anseth
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Healing articular cartilage remains a significant clinical challenge because of its limited self‐healing capacity. While delivery of autologous chondrocytes to cartilage defects has received growing interest, combining cell‐based therapies with scaffolds that capture aspects of native tissue and promote cell‐mediated remodeling could improve outcomes. Currently, scaffold‐based therapies with encapsulated chondrocytes permit matrix production; however, resorption of the scaffold does not match the rate of production by cells leading to generally low extracellular matrix outputs. Here, a poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) norbornene hydrogel is functionalized with thiolated transforming growth factor (TGF‐β1) and cross‐linked by an MMP‐degradable peptide. Chondrocytes are co‐encapsulated with a smaller population of mesenchymal stem cells, with the goal of stimulating matrix production and increasing bulk mechanical properties of the scaffold. The co‐encapsulated cells cleave the MMP‐degradable target sequence more readily than either cell population alone. Relative to non‐degradable gels, cellularly degraded materials show significantly increased glycosaminoglycan and collagen deposition over just 14 d of culture, while maintaining high levels of viability and producing a more widely‐distributed matrix. These results indicate the potential of an enzymatically degradable, peptide‐functionalized PEG hydrogel to locally influence and promote cartilage matrix production over a short period. Scaffolds that permit cell‐mediated remodeling may be useful in designing treatment options for cartilage tissue engineering applications.
The detection of doping agents in blood.
Authors: M. Donike
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1976)

Gas chromatographic screening procedures have been evaluated which permit the detection of stimulants and sedatives in blood after administration of pharmacological doses. The techniques actually used in sample preparations and gas chromatographic work are presented as well as examples of pharmacokinetic studies and postive dope cases. The use of sensitive and selective detectors like the nigrogen-specific detector or a mass spectrometer is absolutely essential for routine work, as for non-specific detectors the number of "false positives" leads to an intolerable work load for the laboratory.
HLA class II alpha chain gene polymorphisms in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, dermatitis herpetiformis, and celiac disease.
Authors: G A Hitman, M J Niven, H Festenstein, P G Cassell, J Awad, J Walker-Smith, J N Leonard, L Fry, P Ciclitira, P Kumar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

We have investigated DNA polymorphism of the class II alpha chain genes in HLA typed patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 79), celiac disease (CD; n = 46), dermatitis herpetiformis (DH; n = 53), and controls (n = 86). Preferential allelic associations of HLA genes and gene products have thus been constructed for susceptibility to these diseases. DR alpha and DQ alpha gene polymorphisms indicated heterogeneity of HLA DR3, DRw6, and DR7, and HLA DR2 and DRw6, respectively. In DR7 positive CD patients a 3.8-kilobase (kb) DR alpha fragment, which correlated with DQw3, was found in only 11% of patients compared with 45% of corresponding controls (P less than 0.05). An increased frequency of a DX alpha genotype UU in all three diseases was found (IDDM 59%, DH 45%, CD 48%, compared to 21% in controls, P less than 0.001), which is not explained solely by the increased frequencies of DR3-DX alpha U. We therefore conclude part of the genetic susceptibility for these three conditions is encoded by genes within the DQ-DX subregion.
Demonstration, Isolation and Identification of Culturable Microfungi and Bacteria in Horse Hair and Dandruff Immunochemical Comparison with Allergenic Components
Authors: S. Gravesen, H. Løwenstein, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1978)

Horse hair and dandruff have been investigated for their content of microfungi and bacteria. Inoculation and incubation on V‐8 agar containing penicillin and streptomycin, with subsequent colony counting and identification, revealed more than nine and five different genera of microfungi and bacteria respectively, in horse hair and dandruff. Isolation and cultivation of the quantitatively dominating species, and preparation of an extract of these were performed, followed by immunochemical comparison with extract of horse hair and dandruff using crossed‐line immunoelectrophoresis. As no immunochemical identity was demonstrated it was concluded that the identified microorganisms might serve as a guideline to suspected sensitizing substances when patients with a typical case history of horse allergy do not react to extracts of horse hair and dandruff.
Mirror Therapy for Chronic Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 and Stroke
Authors: Angelo Cacchio, Elisabetta De Blasis, Stefano Necozione, Ferdinando di Orio, Valter Santilli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

The results indicate that mirror therapy effectively reduces pain and enhances motor function in the arm of patients with stroke and chronic complex regional pain syndrome type 1 in the arm.
Appropriateness of Coronary Angiography after Myocardial Infarction among Medicare Beneficiaries — Managed Care versus Fee for Service
Authors: Edward Guadagnoli, Mary Beth Landrum, Eric A. Peterson, Martin T. Gahart, Thomas J. Ryan, Barbara J. McNeil
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Previous studies have documented that cardiac procedures are performed less frequently in patients enrolled in managed-care plans than in those with fee-for-service coverage. However, it is not known whether this difference is due to less frequent use of cardiac procedures when they are indicated or to less frequent use when they are not indicated.
A NOTE ON MALARIAL VERTIGO.
Authors: THOMAS J. MAYS
Journal: JAMA (1903)

That vertigo or dizziness develops in the course of malaria has been recognized occasionally, but the fact that this symptom may become so markedly accentuated as almost to claim for itself a distinct place in the nomenclature of disease, has been noticed by very few of our recent medical writers. Inasmuch as a number of such cases have occurred in my experience, it seems fit that I should briefly call attention to this important subject. Malarial vertigo has been described by Triantaphyllides,<sup>1</sup>who states that vertigo may be intermittent or permanent, or merely a condition of dizziness, or it may be associated with other neuroses, but in a number of cases which he relates the vertigo could be attributed only to the malaria. There was no anemia, neurasthenia, dyspepsia, or any other manifestation of malaria, and the vertigo could be cured at once by hypodermic injection of large doses of quinin for four or five days.
High Prevalence of Immunounreactive Albumin in Urine From Diabetic Patients With a Low Glomerular Filtration Rate and Normoalbuminuria
Authors: Tanya M. Osicka, Richard J. MacIsaac, George Jerums, Wayne D. Comper
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Diabetic patients have been shown to excrete increased quantities of albumin, which is undetectable by conventional albumin antibodies (immunounreactive) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (1). Furthermore, the lead time for the development of microalbuminuria (albumin excretion rate [AER] >20 μg/min) measured by HPLC has been shown to occur 3.9 and 2.4 years earlier than that determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients, respectively (2). This study not only identified that progression from normo- to microalbuminuria is associated with an increase in urinary immunounreactive albumin, but also raises the possibility that measurement of total albumin (immunoreactive plus immunounreactive) may allow earlier detection of progression to kidney disease.

The aim of this study was to determine whether a group of type …
Benefits and risks of protracted treatment with human recombinant erythropoietin in patients having haemodialysis.
Authors: S Casati, P Passerini, M R Campise, G Graziani, B Cesana, M Perisic, C Ponticelli
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Fourteen patients with uraemic anaemia and having regular haemodialysis were given human recombinant erythropoietin in increasing doses, beginning with 24 U/kg thrice weekly. One patient was dropped from the study because of recurrent thrombosis of vascular access sites. In the other 13 patients, followed up for a mean of 9.1 months (range 8-11), haemoglobin concentrations increased from 62 (SD 8) to 105 (9) g/l. No antierythropoietin antibodies were detected during the study. The correction of anaemia was associated with a tendency to hyperkalaemia and a mild increase of unconjugated bilirubinaemia. In eight previously hypertensive patients antihypertensive treatment had to be reinforced, but in normotensive patients blood pressure did not change. Thrombosis of arteriovenous fistulas occurred in two patients and a cerebral ischaemic lesion in one. Protracted treatment with human recombinant erythropoietin evidently can maintain normal haemoglobin concentrations in uraemic patients over time. Full correction of anaemia, however, may trigger some vascular problems, particularly in hypertensive patients and those with a tendency to thromboembolism.