tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 58-1963
Authors: Frank H. Gardner, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Presentation of CaseA twenty-seven-year-old woman entered the hospital for bilateral cup arthroplasty of the hips.Arthritis had developed when the patient was four years of age and had been intermittently active thereafter. During the twelve years before entry she had been admitted to the hospital six times for operative repair of multiple joint deformities, including arthroplasty of both elbows and the left knee, fusion of the right knee and osteotomy of both ankles. Nine years before admission, while convalescing from skin grafts necessitated by separation of the osteotomy wounds, she had a grand-mal seizure accompanied by twitching movements of . . .
Hyaluronate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: a new marker in sarcoidosis reflecting pulmonary disease.
Authors: R Hallgren, A Eklund, A Engstrom-Laurent, B Schmekel
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Hyaluronate (hyaluronic acid) was not detectable in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from smoking or nonsmoking healthy volunteers but was present in fluid from 23 patients with sarcoidosis; the mean concentration was 16 micrograms/1 returned fluid (range less than or equal to 5-430) or, expressed in relation to the amount of albumin recovered, 0.22 micrograms/mg albumin (range less than or equal to 0.05-3.6). The serum hyaluronate concentrations in the patients with sarcoidosis were normal. There was a significant inverse correlation between vital lung capacity and hyaluronate concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (p less than 0.001), and patients with abnormal lung volumes had hyaluronate concentrations that were on average six times higher than those in patients with normal vital capacity. Duration of disease, pulmonary radiological findings, and markers for macrophage activation (angiotensin converting enzyme) and lymphocyte activation (beta 2 microglobulin) were not correlated with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid hyaluronate. It was concluded that in sarcoidosis release of hyaluronate into the airways is related to lung volume and therefore to the course of the disease. Increased synthesis of hyaluronate in lung parenchyma may reflect activation of fibroblasts, and measurements of hyaluronate may have clinical value for prognosis and treatment.
Abstract P6-04-18: Evaluation of the molecular mechanisms behind fulvestrant resistant breast cancer
Authors: T Kirkegaard, SK Hansen, BE Reiter, BS Sorensen, AE Lykkesfeldt
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract To study the mechanisms behind treatment resistance, we have previously established a large panel of antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cell lines based on the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. It seems to be a general phenomenon that MCF-7 cells switch from ER driven to human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) driven cell growth upon development of fulvestrant resistance. To obtain a broader knowledge of the resistance mechanisms, we have established four fulvestrant resistant subclones from the ER-positive breast cancer cell line, T47D. The parental T47D cells were confirmed to be estrogen responsive and short-term treatment of the parental T47D cells with fulvestrant severely reduced cell growth as well as protein expression of ER and the estrogen regulated proteins, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor alpha (IGF-1Rα) and progesterone receptor (PR). All four fulvestrant resistant cell lines had reduced mRNA and protein expression of HER1 and HER4 compared to T47D, while HER2 was highly up regulated in the fulvestrant resistant cell lines and ER was lost. No difference in response to the HER2 inhibitor trastuzumab or the specific HER2 kinase inhibitor AG825 was observed between the fulvestrant resistant cell lines and T47D, indicating that HER2 is not the main driver of fulvestrant resistance in T47D cells. We found no indication of involvement of the two classical signaling pathways downstream of the HER receptors (Ras/Raf/Erk and PI3K/Akt). However, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 preferentially inhibited growth of two tested fulvestrant resistant cell lines. Withdrawal of fulvestrant for several weeks did not result in regain of ER expression, or in change of HER receptor expression, supporting a stable resistant phenotype. In conclusion, loss of ER expression explains the lack of effect of fulvestrant in the T47D fulvestrant resistant cell lines. Noteworthy, the observed over expression of HER2 in the fulvestrant resistant T47D cells does not seem to be the main driver of cell growth, as HER2 targeted therapies like trastuzumab and HER2 kinase inhibitor did not exert a preferential growth inhibition of resistant cells. These breast cancer cells with high endogenous HER2 expression will be used as a model mimicking HER2 positive breast cancer which does not respond to standard HER2 targeted therapies. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-04-18.
Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Endoscopy A Diagnostic and Surgical Approach to Recurrent Sinusitis
Authors: H. Stammberger
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

Our endoscopic concept of the diagnosis and surgical treatment of recurrent sinusitis is based on Messerklinger's finding that almost all infections of the frontal and maxillary sinuses are rhinogenic. They are secondary to infection foci in their prechambers in the anterior ethmoid, especially in the ethmoidal infundibulum and the frontal recess, spreading from there to the dependent larger sinuses.
Effect of Change in Air Temperature Upon Systemic Small and Large Vessel Resistance
Authors: F. J. HADDY, MALCOLM FLEISHMAN, JERRY B. SCOTT
Journal: Circulation Research (1957)

Direct resistance measurements in the foreleg of the anesthetized dog show that the rise in total resistance following reduction of air temperature is due predominately to small vessel constriction and is based upon at least three different mechanisms. The large arteries and veins also constrict and evidence is presented which suggests that the venous and possibly the arterial resistance responses are predominately due to changing levels of circulating epinephrine, norepinephrine or both.
The Mind of Norman Bethune
Authors: P. H. Pinkerton
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Warfarin and aspirin did not differ for death or stroke in heart failure and sinus rhythm
Authors: Tariq Ahmad, G. Michael Felker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

ACP Journal Club21 August 2012Warfarin and aspirin did not differ for death or stroke in heart failure and sinus rhythmTariq Ahmad, MD, MPH, G. Michael Felker, MD, MHSTariq Ahmad, MD, MPHDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (T.A., G.M.F.)Search for more papers by this author, G. Michael Felker, MD, MHSDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (T.A., G.M.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-4-201208210-02007 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationHomma S, Thompson JL, Pullicino PM, et al; WARCEF Investigators. Warfarin and aspirin in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1859-69. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22551105Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: Hematology: References1 Eikelboom JW, Connolly SJ. Warfarin in heart failure [Editorial]. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1936-8. [PMID: 22551103] Google Scholar2 Lip GY, Ponikowski P, Andreotti F, et al. Thromboembolism and antithrombotic therapy for heart failure in sinus rhythm. A joint consensus document from the ESC Heart Failure Association and the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14:681-95. [PMID: 22611046] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (T.A., G.M.F.)This article was published at Annals.org on 7 August 2012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 August 2012Volume 157, Issue 4Page: JC2-7KeywordsAnticoagulantsHeart failureHemorrhageHemorrhagic strokeIschemic strokeMyocardial infarctionSafetyStroke ePublished: 21 August 2012 Issue Published: 21 August 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Nuclear proteins in mouse brain cells bind specifically to the myelin basic protein regulatory region.
Authors: M S Lashgari, K Devine-Beach, S Haas, K Khalili
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in mice is regulated in a cell- and stage-specific manner during brain development. The MBP control region contains multiple cis-acting elements, shown by in vivo and in vitro assays, which are responsible for its unique pattern of transcription. Using synthetic DNA fragments spanning the MBP control region, we have analyzed nuclear proteins obtained from newborn (2-3 d), young adult (18-30 d), and adult (60 d) animals; these nuclear proteins form DNA-protein complexes with the MBP regulatory region. Brain extracts from young adult and adult mice showed enhanced binding activities with the sequences supporting transcriptional activation in glial cells. Deletion analysis of the proximal activating sequence located at position -14 to -50 with respect to the RNA initiation site resulted in identification of a small region, located between nucleotides -14 to -37, which is required for formation of the complexes. Southwestern assay revealed a major 39-kD protein from young adult brain extract that recognizes the sequences between nucleotides -14 to -37. An additional minor 37-kD protein, derived from young adult brain extract, was also found to be associated with this proximal activating region. Of particular interest is the observation that the minor 37-kD protein became more abundant in the extract derived from adult brain, whereas the major 39-kD protein became less abundant. The possible role of these proteins in cell/stage-specific transcription of MBP is discussed.
Outlook in Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis
Authors: Roger S. Mitchell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

"COURSE and Prognosis of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease: A prospective study of 200 patients," in the current issue, indicates a rather unfavorable outlook for these patients in spite of standard treatment. Burrows and Earle have studied many factors, singly and in combination, as they may influence the five-year survival of subjects with chronic airways obstruction, the common, disabling and often fatal complication of both emphysema and chronic bronchitis. They found that two general conditions profoundly influence prognosis: the presence and severity of cor pulmonale, especially when complicated by congestive heart failure; and severe ventilatory impairment, especially with alveolar hypoventilation as . . .
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF IMPERFORATE HYMEN.Read in the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, at the Forty-Second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May 5, 1891.
Authors: JAMES F. W. ROSS
Journal: JAMA (1891)

In looking over the ordinary text-books in the hands of practitioners and students of the present day, you will find that the subject of imperforate hymen is passed over in most imperfect and unsatisfactory manner. By a strange coincidence, a professional colleague had asked my opinion regarding a case that died after operation for this condition, and in a day or two I was sent for by another physician to see the following case: Mrs. F. H., æt. 20, seen July, 1890. Been married for sixteen months. Looked flushed. Has never menstruated. Suffers from spasmodic pains like labor pains. Was much worse last night than she has been yet. Her mother has been dead for some years, and she therefore refrained from consulting any one about herself. For four years she has felt pains like those experienced by her friends when they are unwell. They come on irregularly every two
UGT1A1 promoter polymorphisms and the development of hyperbilirubinemia and gallbladder disease in children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Shannon L. Carpenter, Susan Lieff, Thad A. Howard, Barry Eggleston, Russell E. Ware
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Genetic modifiers contribute to phenotypic variability in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). The influence of the bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 (TA)(n)TAA promoter polymorphism on bilirubin levels and gallbladder disease in SCA was examined using prospectively collected data from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. A total of 324 children with HbSS (median age 6.9 years) had UGT1A1 genotyping; 243 (75%) had common (TA)(6) or (TA)(7) alleles, whereas 81 (25.0%) had variant (TA)(5) or (TA)(8) alleles. The UGT1A1 genotype significantly influenced average bilirubin levels for the common alleles: 6/6 genotype = 2.36 +/- 1.13 mg/dL, 6/7 genotype = 2.90 +/- 1.54 mg/dL, and 7/7 genotype = 4.24 +/- 2.11 mg/dL (P < 0.0001). Thirty-nine percent of children with the 7/7 genotype had documented gallbladder disease, compared with 18.2% with the 6/7 genotype and only 9.9% with the wildtype 6/6 UGT1A1 genotype (P = 0.001). To analyze the (TA)(5) and (TA)(8) variant alleles, three groups were generated, showing increasing bilirubin levels with increasing TA repeats and age. Group 3 (genotypes 6/8, 7/7, and 7/8) had a significantly greater rate of bilirubin change than Groups 1 (genotypes 5/6, 5/7, and 6/6) or 2 (genotype 6/7). These results validate previous smaller studies and confirm that the UGT1A1 promoter polymorphism exerts a powerful influence on bilirubin levels and the development of gallbladder disease in children with SCA. UGT1A1 genotyping should be considered as a screening tool for predicting children most likely to develop gallbladder disease at a young age.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery Versus Supportive Expressive Group Therapy for Distressed Survivors of Breast Cancer (MINDSET)
Authors: Linda E. Carlson, Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen, Peter Faris, Rie Tamagawa, Elaine Drysdale, Michael Speca
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Purpose To compare the efficacy of the following two empirically supported group interventions to help distressed survivors of breast cancer cope: mindfulness-based cancer recovery (MBCR) and supportive-expressive group therapy (SET). Patients and Methods This multisite, randomized controlled trial assigned 271 distressed survivors of stage I to III breast cancer to MBCR, SET, or a 1-day stress management control condition. MBCR focused on training in mindfulness meditation and gentle yoga, whereas SET focused on emotional expression and group support. Both intervention groups included 18 hours of professional contact. Measures were collected at baseline and after intervention by assessors blind to study condition. Primary outcome measures were mood and diurnal salivary cortisol slopes. Secondary outcomes were stress symptoms, quality of life, and social support. Results Using linear mixed-effects models, in intent-to-treat analyses, cortisol slopes were maintained over time in both SET (P = .002) and MBCR (P = .011) groups relative to the control group, whose cortisol slopes became flatter. Women in MBCR improved more over time on stress symptoms compared with women in both the SET (P = .009) and control (P = .024) groups. Per-protocol analyses showed greater improvements in the MBCR group in quality of life compared with the control group (P = .005) and in social support compared with the SET group (P = .012). Conclusion In the largest trial to date, MBCR was superior for improving stress levels, quality of life, and social support for distressed survivors of breast cancer. Both SET and MBCR also resulted in more normative diurnal cortisol profiles than the control condition. The clinical implications of this finding require further investigation.
Potential Mechanism of Hyperresponsive Airways
Authors: WAYNE MITZNER, ROBERT H. BROWN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

It has been known for many years that the response of asthmatic subjects to a deep inspiration differs from that observed in normal healthy subjects. A deep inspiration causes a decrease in airway resistance in normal subjects, whereas asthmatics demonstrate either no change or a slight increase in airway resistance. It has been suggested by several investigators that the inability to dilate airways during lung inflation may be a primary defect in asthma. One study (Skloot and colleagues, J. Clin. Invest. 1995;96:2393- 2403) showed that in the absence of a deep inspiration during methacholine (MCh) challenge, normal subjects had a greatly exaggerated and sustained response to this agonist. It was suggested that asthmatic airways could be modeled by this condition in normal, subjects. Other investigators, however, suggest that there are more intrinsic differences between the responses to lung inflation in airways from asthmatic and normal subjects (Brusasco and colleagues, J. Appl. Physiol. 1999;87:567-573). Resolution of this controversy requires the ability to assess the responses of airways directly, but unfortunately conventional pulmonary function tests in human subjects are not specific enough to allow this evaluation. In the present study, we have performed experiments using a direct imaging approach that allows us to obtain measurements of airway and parenchymal dimensions that can be used to test the responses of individual airways to deep inspiration in vivo. Our results show that the presence of normal tidal stresses allows airway smooth muscle to respond normally to deep inspirations. Removing tidal stresses at FRC after MCh challenge is sufficient to change the normal dilatory response to deep inspiration into an abnormal one of contraction. Altered sensitivity of airway smooth muscle to normal tidal stresses thus may be operative in the development of the asthmatic pathology.
Cancer Stem Cells—Perspectives on Current Status and Future Directions: AACR Workshop on Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Michael F. Clarke, John E. Dick, Peter B. Dirks, Connie J. Eaves, Catriona H.M. Jamieson, D. Leanne Jones, Jane Visvader, Irving L. Weissman, Geoffrey M. Wahl
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

A workshop was convened by the AACR to discuss the rapidly emerging cancer stem cell model for tumor development and progression. The meeting participants were charged with evaluating data suggesting that cancers develop from a small subset of cells with self-renewal properties analogous to organ
Topley and Wilson's Principles of Bacteriology, Virology and Immunity
Authors: Bruce A. D. Stocker
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The sixth edition of Topley and Wilson's<i>Principles</i>, by Sir Graham Wilson and Sir Ashley Miles, with the help of Dr Elizabeth Asheshov and six others, has much the same arrangement and format as before. "Virology" has been added to the title, in view of its coverage in several chapters (one more than in the last edition). The production is excellent. The only misprint I detected was one in a short list of corrigenda. The index, over 7,000 entries, at the end of each volume, covers the whole book; in random tests I found no errors of commission and few of omission. Volume 1 (1,248 pp) comprises two parts, "General Bacteriology" and "Systematic Bacteriology." The latter considers only groups including at least some species important to medicine. Some minor idiosyncrasies of nomenclature, such as the uninflected form for specific names of geographical origin, eg,<i>Mycobacterium kansas</i>, will cause no confusion;
CARDIAC RISK FACTORS AND MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IN WOMEN WITH MICROVASCULAR CORONARY DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Megha Agarwal, Chrisandra Shufelt, Ning Li, Puja Mehta, Edward Gill, Daniel Berman, Debiao Li, Behzad Sharif, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Louise Thomson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Contributions to a New Chapter in the Physiology and Pathology of the Nervous System
Authors: T. Laycock
Journal: BMJ (1868)

NERVE-NUTRITION.THE mental and bodily conditions induced by mesmeric, spiritualistic, and other processes, are due to nutrient changes in the brain and ner- vous system of which so little is known scientifically, that the pheno- mena are often termed mysteries.It is this ignorance as to their nature
Can we develop simple response criteria for slow acting antirheumatic drugs?
Authors: D L Scott, J E Dacre, A Greenwood, L Treasure, E C Huskisson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

The conventional assessment of response to slow acting antirheumatic drugs depends on multiple clinical and laboratory measures. Each measure is analysed separately. For clinical practice and therapeutic trials a single unified classification of response is preferable, based on the most sensitive and simple current measures. Whether or not this was practical was determined in a prospective study of two cohorts of patients: 145 given penicillamine 250-500 mg daily in a single dose; 98 sulphasalazine at an initial dose of 500 mg rising after one month to 2 g daily. Both groups were followed up for 12 months. A panel of 11 clinical and laboratory measures were evaluated every three to six months. Most changes had occurred by six months, and this was the optimum time to classify response. Four measures were used to devise a five point (0-4) classification of response from no change to remission. The objective was to evaluate if this approach is appropriate; the best level of each measure to use was not determined. The response index was based on: erythrocyte sedimentation rate less than 30 mm/h; articular index less than 3; morning stiffness less than 15 min; greater than 50% reduction in joint pain. Similar results were obtained with both drugs. The other clinical and laboratory measures gave limited information. This response index is simple and appropriate. It is suitable for use in clinical practice and drug studies, though the optimal values for dividing each clinical and laboratory variable need to be determined.