tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regulation of MDR2 P-glycoprotein expression by bile salts
Authors: C.M.G. Frijters, R. Ottenhoff, M.J.A. van Wijland, C. van Nieuwkerk, A.K. Groen, R.P.J. Oude Elferink
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) improves liver function in patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases by an unknown mechanism. UDCA is conjugated to taurine in vivo, and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a potent hepatocellular Ca2+ agonist and stimulates biliary exocytosis and hepatocellular Ca2+ influx, both of which are defective in experimental cholestasis. Protein kinase C (PKC) mediates stimulation of exocytosis in the liver. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of TUDCA on PKC in isolated hepatocytes. METHODS: The effect of TUDCA on the distribution of PKC isoenzymes within the hepatocyte was studied using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence techniques. In addition, the effect of TUDCA on the accummulation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), the intracellular activator of PKC, and hepatocellular PKC activity was studied using radioenzymatic techniques. RESULTS: Immunoblotting studies showed the presence of four isoenzymes (alpha, delta, epsilon, and zeta). The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (1 mumol/L) induced translocation of alpha-PKC, delta-PKC, and epsilon-PKC from cytosol to a particulate membrane fraction, a key step for activation of PKC. TUDCA, but not taurocholic acid, selectively induced translocation of the alpha-PKC isoenzyme from cytosol to the membranes. In addition, TUDCA induced a significant increase in hepatocellular DAG mass and stimulated membrane-associated PKC activity. CONCLUSIONS: TUDCA might stimulate Ca(2+)-dependent hepatocellular exocytosis into bile in part by activation of alpha-PKC. (Gastroenterology 1996 May;110(5):1553-63)
Dextrocardia and Bronchiectasis
Authors: A. H. Russakoff, Harvey W. Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

IN THIS decade of increasing mass radiography, when the United States Public Health Service, state health departments, tuberculosis associations, private industries and other agencies are interesting themselves in x-ray survey programs, it is not amiss to call attention repeatedly to nontuberculous diseases of the chest. In most cases during the conduct of chest x-ray surveys, persons who are found to have such abnormalities are referred to their private physicians — not to specialists — for further investigation. Consequently, it is incumbent on progressive physicians to become well versed in the roentgenographic as well as the other aspects of diseases of . . .
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?-Reply
Authors: Chas. W. Rook
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibiotic-Resistant Micrococcic Infections
Authors: Maxwell Finland
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Obstetric and Gynecologic Nursing.
Authors: Edward Parker Davis
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Do Universal Precautions Reduce Needlestick Injuries?
Authors: Janine Jagger
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> ——The article by Wong et al<sup>1</sup>documents reductions in occupational exposures to blood and body fluids among physicians after the implementation of universal precautions (UPs). However, the investigators have misinterpreted their data relating to needlestick injuries. Although they found a 62% reduction in needlestick injuries when UPs were in effect, their data show that this difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i>=.123, Mantel-Haenszel X<sup>2</sup>). This is not surprising in view of the small number of needlestick injuries reported during the study. Despite a lack of statistical significance, the investigators inappropriately concluded that "the implementation of UPs should reduce the risk of occupational human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by the same rate [as needlesticks] (62%)...." Based on the study data alone, the correct conclusion is that the implementation of UPs should<i>not</i>be expected to reduce either needlestick injuries or the risk of HIV infection associated
Lymphatic Drainage of Melanomas Located on the Manubrium Sterni to Cervical Lymph Nodes
Authors: Hidde J. Veenstra, Martin W.M.C. Klop, Peter J.F.M. Lohuis, Omgo E. Nieweg, Renato A. Valdés Olmos
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The lymphatic drainage of cutaneous melanomas located on the upper trunk is often complex and sometimes follows an unexpected pattern. Occasionally, even direct drainage to cervical lymph nodes is seen. In this case series, 3 patients with lymphatic drainage to the neck derived from melanomas located over the manubrium sterni are described. There appears to be a restricted area that involves the manubrium sterni from which lymphatic drainage to different cervical node basins appears more frequent. SPECT/CT was helpful in visualizing these patterns and for the localization of the sentinel nodes.
Potent Immune Response against HIV-1 and Protection from Virus Challenge in hu-PBL-SCID Mice Immunized with Inactivated Virus-pulsed Dendritic Cells Generated in the Presence of IFN-α
Authors: Caterina Lapenta, Stefano M. Santini, Mariantonia Logozzi, Massimo Spada, Mauro Andreotti, Tiziana Di Pucchio, Stefania Parlato, Filippo Belardelli
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

A major challenge of AIDS research is the development of therapeutic vaccine strategies capable of inducing the humoral and cellular arms of the immune responses against HIV-1. In this work, we evaluated the capability of DCs pulsed with aldrithiol-2-inactivated HIV-1 in inducing a protective antiviral human immune response in SCID mice reconstituted with human PBL (hu-PBL-SCID mice). Immunization of hu-PBL-SCID mice with DCs generated after exposure of monocytes to GM-CSF/IFN-alpha (IFN-DCs) and pulsed with inactivated HIV-1 resulted in a marked induction of human anti-HIV-1 antibodies, which was associated with the detection of anti-HIV neutralizing activity in the serum. This vaccination schedule also promoted the generation of a human CD8+ T cell response against HIV-1, as measured by IFN-gamma Elispot analysis. Notably, when the hu-PBL-SCID mice immunized with antigen-pulsed IFN-DCs were infected with HIV-1, inhibition of virus infection was observed as compared with control animals. These results suggest that IFN-DCs pulsed with inactivated HIV-1 can represent a valuable approach of immune intervention in HIV-1-infected patients.
Outcome of breech delivery at term
Authors: W. Savage, Y. Gordon, F. Haddad
Journal: BMJ (1992)

assessment of the mode of delivery.Another group at potentially higher risk are primigravid patients, a subgroup not considered in the report but presumably identifiable from the database.The critical question therefore remains: is a carefully planned and managed trial of vaginal delivery any less safe for the fetus than an elective caesarean section?The uncertainty is in itself an argument in favour of elective caesarean section for all breech presentations at term since this reduces the opportunity for errors of judgment.
Military Medical Schools
Authors: Thomas J. Whelan
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Uniformed Services Health Professions Revitalization Act of 1971, HR 2, is designed to overcome a long-standing shortage of career-oriented military personnel qualified in the health professions. The objective of an all-volunteer force by July 1973 has made this problem one of emergency proportions. The bill will establish a comprehensive scholarship program for students of medicine and other health professions. It will provide scholarships for more than 1,300 medical students in existing schools in the first year, and more than 2,600 by the fifth year of the program. The bill will attack the long-term procurement and retention problems of physicians and other health professionals in the Armed Forces by establishing a Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences which includes a medical school. Recent EDITORIALS in the<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>and<i>The Journal of the American Medical Association</i>have voiced opposition. Concern has been expressed
Methodologic advancements in the study of airway smooth muscle
Authors: Michael I Kotlikoff, Mathur S Kannan, Julian Solway, Ke-Yu Deng, Deepak A Deshpande, Maria Dowell, Morris Feldman, Kai Su Green, Guangju Ji, Robyn Johnston, Oren Lakser, Jane Lee, Frances E Lund, Carlos Milla, Richard W Mitchell, Junichi Nakai, Mark Rishniw, Timothy F Walseth, Thomas A White, Jason Wilson, Hong-Bo Xin, Prescott G Woodruff
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
The Trail of the Invisible Light: From X-Strahlen to Radio(bio)logy
Authors: Charles G. Roland
Journal: JAMA (1966)

One great charm of this book is its astonishing unevenness. The author has composed a work which actually should be several monographs. Grigg became interested in one aspect of roentgenologic history; his research led him to explore a distant bypath; and so on. Here are all these separate studies, having as a common bond only their general historic approach. One chapter in 46 pages details many questions of priority, procedures, and discoveries in 1896, that exhilarating first year of Roentgen's discovery. But following this essay is a 120-page catalogue of "American X-ray Makes and Makers." And then there is the 500-page "chapter" subtitled "a Semantic Treatise on Historic Principles," in which Grigg indulges a favorite hobby, the meanings—apparent and hidden—of words. He traces the terminological origins of the roentgen process, journal titles, book titles, society names, coats-of-arms and other symbols, and so on and on with exhaustive and intriguing persistence.
Diagnosis and management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
Authors: D Tarin, D J Allison, I M Modlin, G Neale
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Twelve consecutive patients presenting with unexplained recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding were investigated by selective visceral angiography. A cause for the bleeding was shown in all 12 cases, and in eight the lesion responsible was diagnosed radiologically as an area of angiodysplasia. Abnormal areas were pinpointed by fluoroscopy and examination of the resected bowel with a dissecting microscope after injecting the vessels with barium. Histologically these areas had various microvascular abnormalities. Angiodysplasia is a useful descriptive radiological term, but does not seem to represent a single pathological entity.
Toxicity analysis of a phase III study evaluating FEC-Doc vs. FEC-Doc in combination with gemcitabine as adjuvant treatment for breast cancer – the SUCCESS-trial.
Authors: BK Rack, W Janni, E Genss, A Schneeweiss, M Rezai, J Hilfrich, R Lorenz, D Chatsiproios, A Schneider, H Sommer, W Lichtenegger, MW Beckmann, K Friese
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4108 Background:&amp;#x2028; Taxane containing regimens have been established as standard of care for node-positive primary breast cancer patients and have shown superiority to mere anthracycline containing regimens. The SUCCESS-trial evaluates, whether adjuvant taxane based treatment can be further improved by the addition of Gemcitabine.&amp;#x2028; Methods:&amp;#x2028; The SUCCESS-Study is an open-label randomized controlled, Phase III study comparing the disease free survival after randomisation in patients treated with 3 cycles of Epirubicin(100 mg/m²)-Fluorouracil(500)-Cyclophosphamide(500, FEC)-chemotherapy, followed by 3 cycles of Docetaxel(100 mg/mg², D) versus 3 cycles of FEC, followed by 3 cycles of Gemcitabine(1,000mg/m² d1,8)-Docetaxel(75 mg/m²)(DG). Complete, monitored toxicity data of 2.691 pts were available for this analysis.&amp;#x2028; Results:&amp;#x2028; Dose reduction &amp;gt;20% (3.97% vs 2.90%) and postponement of treatment cycles &amp;gt;7die (22,85% vs 14.19%) was rare, but more frequent in the FEC-DG arm (both p&amp;lt; .001). Cytostatic treatment was prematurely stopped in 119 pts (4,4%) receiving FEC-DG and in 103 pts (3,8%) with FEC-D (p=0,21). G-CSF support was applied in 850 (29.2%) vs. 602 pts (20.7%, p&amp;lt; .001). Toxicities NCI grade &amp;gt; 2 which occurred with incidence &amp;gt; 1% or significantly different in the two arms are depicted in Table 1. Afebrile and febrile neutropenia and anemia did not differ between the two arms, but thrombocytopenia was more frequent in FEC-DG (1.7%, p= .007). Hand-foot syndrome and neuropathy was more frequent in the FEC-D arm (p= .09 and p= .02, respectively).&amp;#x2028; Conclusion:&amp;#x2028; No unexpected toxicities were observed and severe adverse effects were rare in both treatment arms. With the addition of gemcitabine to FEC-D adjuvant chemotherapy toxicity was moderately increased. Outcome data will have to be awaited to further interpret these findings. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4108.
Alcohol and Disulfiram
Authors: Percy Mason
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The LETTER of Koff et al (<b>215</b>:1988-1989, 1971) is a timely reminder of the precautions which the physician prescribing disulfiram must impress upon his patient. I discuss this with the patient when he is first administered this medication, and I also write out for him a list of "proscribed" alcohol-containing substances. The list goes like this: no alcohol, hard liquor, wine, beer, liqueurs, aperitifs, cider, wine vinegar, cooking wine, alcohol sponges, extensive applications of body lotions, eau de Cologne, mouthwashes, after-shave lotion, cough medication unless prescribed by a physician, or paraldehyde. It may be that I err on the over-cautious side, but I have never had a patient report a disulfiram-alcohol reaction from substances he was forewarned about.
There is nothing streamlined about the system
Authors: P. Whitehead, K. Fellows, N. Sprigg, A. Drummond
Journal: BMJ (2010)

For our research into home assessment after stroke, we wished to interview, by telephone for 30 minutes maximum, 20 volunteer occupational therapists from across the UK. Our local research network said we must obtain approval from each trust, because the interviewees were trust employees. These approvals are currently being facilitated via the Coordinated …
Short-term ozone exposure upregulates P-selectin in normal human airways.
Authors: M T Krishna, A Blomberg, G L Biscione, F Kelly, T Sandstrom, A Frew, S Holgate
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Short-term exposure to ambient levels of ozone induces neutrophilic bronchitis. To investigate the early events contributing to inflammatory cell recruitment in the airways we exposed 12 healthy nonsmoking volunteers to 0.12 ppm ozone or filtered air for 2 h on two separate occasions. Spirometry and fiberoptic bronchoscopy were performed immediately and at 1.5 h after the two exposures, respectively. Total protein, albumin, and total and differential cell counts were performed on the bronchial wash and BAL fluid. Bronchial biopsies were embedded in glycol methacrylate and immunostained for inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, mast cells, total T-cells (CD3), T-cell subset CD8, and leukocyte endothelial adhesion molecules, including VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin. No significant changes were observed in FEV1, FVC, or any inflammatory indices in the bronchial wash and BAL fluid. In addition, no significant differences were seen in inflammatory cell numbers or percentages of vessels expressing VCAM-1, E-selectin, or ICAM-1 in the biopsies. The percentage of vessels expressing P-selectin increased significantly after ozone exposure: p = 0.016; median (IQR), 28.76 (26.36-36.94) versus 47.06 (38.14-56.86)%. The upregulation of P-selectin could signify an early inflammatory response to ozone such as margination and rolling of the neutrophils on the vessel wall prior to transendothelial migration.
The Medical Expert Witness In Malpractice Suits
Authors: Paul C. Bucy
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE COURTROOM is alien country to many physicians, and the behavior of lawyers incomprehensible. A subpoena to serve as a witness or the request to be an expert witness strikes fear into the hearts of many physicians. Some have a mental picture of cross-examination comparable to an inquisition. "He will attempt to demonstrate my ignorance." "He will cast unfavorable reflection on my integrity and my motives." "He is not in search of the truth. He is only out to win a case." To varying degrees, these fears may be justified, but they should not prevent the physician from serving as a witness when he is needed, nor should he feel intimidated to the point where he is not able to collect his thoughts and express himself adequately. At the outset, it is important that the physician have a clear picture of his situation. He is in the unusual position, for
Direct peroral cholangioscopy using an ultraslim endoscope and overtube balloon-assisted technique: a case series
Authors: Y.-K. Tsou, C.-H. Lin, J.-H. Tang, N.-J. Liu, C.-L. Cheng
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Overtube balloon-assisted direct peroral cholangioscopy (POC) using an ultraslim endoscope may be an effective alternative to the conventional mother-baby endoscope system. A total of 14 patients with biliary diseases underwent direct POC with an ultraslim endoscope. The endoscope was successfully advanced into the bile duct in all 14 patients (100 %). The success rate of the POC was 92.9 % (13/14) on the criterion of reaching the hilum or stricture site. Endoscopic biopsy was performed in six patients. Cystic duct or residual common bile duct stones were removed successfully under direct endoscopic visualization in three patients. A diagnosis of malignant or indeterminate bile duct stricture was changed to benign lesion or stricture or normal biliary mucosa in eight of ten patients. Procedure-related biliary tract infection occurred in one patient. This series demonstrated that direct POC using an ultraslim endoscope is useful for both diagnosis and treatment.
Reviews and Notes: Genetics: The Genetic Basis of Common Diseases
Authors: Reed E. Pyeritz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine15 June 1994Reviews and Notes: Genetics: The Genetic Basis of Common DiseasesReed E. PyeritzReed E. PyeritzAllegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15212-4772.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-12-199406150-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The Genetic Basis of Common DiseasesRichard A. King, Jerome I. Rotter, and Arno G. Motulsky. 978 pages. New York: Oxford University Press; 1992. $145.00.In the 1990s, the view that “all disease is genetic” seems less and less an extreme position. Awareness of the importance of genes to both cause and pathogenesis is increasing in all medical specialties. Once a narrow field practiced by a few academic pediatricians and internists, medical genetics is now a specialty of the American Board of Medical Specialties in its own right, a required discipline for medical students, an area of active commercialization, and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15212-4772. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1994Volume 120, Issue 12Page: 1055-1056KeywordsChromosomal diseasesEye diseasesGenetic diseasesGenetic predispositionInfectious diseasesPhenylketonuriaPregnancyStable coronary artery diseaseThyroidTurner syndrome ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
My Life at the Journal, 1961-1993
Authors: Jane F. Desforges
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

In 1961, when Dr. Joseph Garland met with me and his other two associate editors for our weekly review of manuscripts submitted to the Journal, the meeting took place in a small office in space shared with the Massachusetts Medical Society and the Boston Medical Library. Decisions were made by the four of us, and accepted manuscripts were soon on their way to our talented copy editor, Robert O'leary. Now, more than 30 years later, weekly meetings with the editor-in-chief continue, but they take place in a large conference room at the Countway Library of Medicine and include 17 participants. . . .