tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BASAL-CELL EPITHELIOMA ON A PORTWINE STAIN.
Authors: I. SARKANY, G. A. CARON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article BASAL‐CELL EPITHELIOMA ON A PORTWINE STAIN. Get access I. SARKANY, I. SARKANY Consultant Dermatologist Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. A. CARON G. A. CARON Senior Registrar, Department of Dermatology. The Royal Free Hospital, London, W.C.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 1, 1 January 1965, Pages 16–19, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14560.x Published: 01 January 1965
Body Weight and Mortality
Authors: Tim Byers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

A sign next to a finger pulse meter in a Kansas truck stop makes an interesting offer: if your resting pulse rate is less than 60 per minute, you will win a double bacon cheeseburger, home fries, and a bowl of gravy. The often conflicting information about nutrition, fitness, and weight control exemplified by this offer has confused and frustrated many Americans. Calorie intake has been increasing in the past 20 years, because of an increased intake of foods low in fat.1 Cholesterol levels are therefore dropping in the United States,2 but because levels of physical activity have changed little, . . .
Treatment compliance in adults with cystic fibrosis.
Authors: J Abbott, M Dodd, D Bilton, A K Webb
Journal: Thorax (1994)

BACKGROUND--The study comprised three interrelated aims: (1) to ascertain (a) patient compliance with physiotherapy, exercise, enzyme and vitamin regimens, (b) how compliance was perceived by patients, and (c) the reasons for poor compliance (2) to identify demographic and clinical variables associated with compliance; and (3) to determine how accurately patient compliance can be predicted by carers. METHODS--Demographic and medical history data were obtained from medical records and a patient questionnaire. The data obtained included age, sex, employment status, inpatient or outpatient status, frequency of contact with the clinic, age at diagnosis, and the number of years practising physiotherapy. Measures of clinical status, including FEV1 and FVC percentage predicted, Shwachman score, and 24 hour sputum weight were recorded before completion of the questionnaire. The questionnaire, administered by a psychologist, assessed the reported degree of patient compliance, their perception of compliance, and their reasons for poor compliance. RESULTS--Sixty patients participated in the study and 51/60 and 41/55 patients were considered compliant with enzyme and exercise therapies, respectively. Compliance was lower with physiotherapy (32/60) and vitamin treatment (21/45). Patients reporting immediate benefits following exercise and physiotherapy were more compliant than those reporting no improvement. The perception by patients that compliance was sufficient ("about right") was physiotherapy 67%, exercise 37%, enzymes 78%, and vitamins 9%. Compliance was not influenced by demographic details nor by severity of disease, although patients producing large amounts of sputum and receiving help with physiotherapy were more compliant with physiotherapy. The physiotherapist and physician judged correctly the degree of compliance with physiotherapy in 83% and 75% of cases, respectively, and with exercise in 68% and 67% of cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS--The reported degree of compliance and reasons for poor compliance were treatment specific. Demographic and disease severity variables were not associated with compliance. Those involved in the care of patients with cystic fibrosis were able to predict patient compliance.
Copy number analysis indicates monoclonal origin of lethal metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Wennuan Liu, Sari Laitinen, Sofia Khan, Mauno Vihinen, Jeanne Kowalski, Guoqiang Yu, Li Chen, Charles M Ewing, Mario A Eisenberger, Michael A Carducci, William G Nelson, Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian, Jun Luo, Yue Wang, Jianfeng Xu, William B Isaacs, Tapio Visakorpi, G Steven Bova
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
Abstract 3248: PSMA specific imaging of prostate cancer
Authors: Joseph A. Reddy, Le-Cun Xu, Ryan Dorton, Alicia Bloomfield, Melissa Nelson, Patrick Klein, Sumith Kularatne, Philip Low, Christopher Leamon
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A peptide derivative of a prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting ligand [Glu-C(O)-Glu] was designed to efficiently coordinate 99mTc. This chelate, referred to as EC0652, was found to bind cultured PSMA-positive LNCaP tumor cells in a concentration-dependent manner with very high affinity (Kd ∼ 20 nM). Its binding was reduced &amp;gt; 10 fold in the presence of the ligand competitor PMPA (a high affinity PSMA binder). In addition, this molecule did not bind to panel of PSMA negative cells (4T1, A549, IGR-OV1, J6456, KB, L1210 and M109), thereby demonstrating the agent's PSMA-specific binding property. Following intravenous injection into nu/nu mice, 99mTc-EC0652 was rapidly cleared from circulation (and non-targeted tissues), and only 1.3% of the injected dose remained in the blood after 1 hour. Data from quantitative biodistribution studies confirmed that 99mTc-EC0652 predominantly accumulates in PSMA-positive subcutaneous LNCaP tumor and kidney (PSMA/glutamate carboxypeptidase positive) tissues. Net uptake in the tumor and kidney remained steady throughout the 8 h experiment resulting in a continued increase in tumor to background tissue radioactivity with time. Radioactive uptake in both of these tissues was reduced &amp;gt; 10 fold when this radiodiagnostic imaging agent was co-dosed with PMPA. The safety of decayed 99mTc-EC0652 was evaluated as a single intravenous dose in an acute toxicology study in male mice. All doses tested were well tolerated with no demonstrated toxicity. The study established a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 14.0 mg/kg, a dose which provides an appropriate safety margin relative to the FDA designated Phase 0 dose. Equipped with these encouraging results, preparations have begun for a Phase 0 clinical trial to evaluate 99mTc-EC0652 distribution in patients with metastatic prostate cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3248.
Undernutrition. Cultural diagnosis and treatment of "runche"
Authors: M. R. Bomgaars
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE HIMALAYAN kingdom of Nepal, with a population of 12 million, contains over 30 distinct, different social groups. The Lalitpur District community health project involves 65,000 rural peoples. This program was partly designed to relate health services to traditional concepts of health. This article describes one traditionally accepted diagnosis and the use made of it in the delivery of health services. A bizarre syndrome termed "runche," the crying one, was found in a high percentage of children from 1 to 4 years of age. This was easily recognized by all adults as runche and traditionally interpreted to be a spell placed on the children after being touched by a pregnant woman. The traditional treatment included a series of early morning baths. The runche child was a miserable, whining child who was hard to live with and who refused to eat and cooperate with family activities. The condition often followed episodes
Torsade de Pointes Associated with Very-High-Dose Methadone
Authors: Mori J. Krantz, Laurent Lewkowiez, Helen Hays, Mary Ann Woodroffe, Alastair D. Robertson, Philip S. Mehler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Background: Methadone is an effective treatment for opioid dependency and chronic pain. A methadone derivative, levacetylmethadol, was withdrawn from the European market after being associated with torsade de pointes. To date, no association between methadone and this arrhythmia has been described. Objective: To evaluate a series of methadone-treated patients experiencing torsade de pointes. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: Methadone maintenance treatment programs in the United States and a pain management center in Canada. Patients: 17 methadone-treated patients who developed torsade de pointes. Measurements: Chart review for concomitant arrhythmia risk factors and quantification of corrected QT interval (QTc). Results: The mean daily methadone dose was 397 ± 283 mg, and the mean QTc interval was 615 ± 77 msec. Fourteen patients had a predisposing risk factor for arrhythmia. A cardiac defibrillator or pacemaker was placed in 14 patients; all 17 patients survived. Conclusions: This series raises concern that very-high-dose methadone may be associated with torsade de pointes. Given the likely expansion of methadone treatment into primary care, further investigation of these findings is warranted.
Risk Factors for Amputation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gayle E. Reiber, Roger E. Pecoraro, Thomas D. Koepsell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To identify and quantify risk factors for lower extremity amputation in persons with diabetes mellitus. Design: Case-control study. Setting: A Veterans Affairs medical center. Patients: Eighty patients having amputation associated with diabetes and 236 diabetic controls without limb lesions were enrolled before surgery from the 21 167 inpatient care and outpatient surgical patients seen at the Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center during a 30-month period. Measurements: Selected vascular, neuropathic, environmental, health care, self care, nutritional, metabolic, lifestyle, and psychosocial risk factors were measured in all patients before surgery. Results: Statistically significant risk factors identified from analysis included insufficient mean below-knee and foot cutaneous circulation (odds ratio, 161; 95% Cl, 55.1 to 469); ankle-arm blood pressure index < 0.45 (odds ratio, 55.8; Cl, 14.9 to 209); absence of lower leg vibratory perception (odds ratio, 15.5; Cl, 8.3 to 28.7); low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfraction 3 ≤ 0.7 µmol/L (odds ratio, 4.9; Cl, 2.9 to 8.3); and no previous outpatient diabetes education (odds ratio, 3.2; Cl, 1.6 to 6.6). A logistic regression analysis done to control for the potentially confounding effects of age; race; socioeconomic status; diabetes duration, type, and severity confirmed these findings and added a statistically significant interaction between foot transcutaneous oxygen tension and peripheral vascular disease history. Clinical interventions to alter these risk factors were identified, including aggressive treatment of infection, diabetes education, protective footwear, and preventive footcare. Conclusions: Multiple risk factors exist along the continuum of conditions and events leading to lower extremity amputation in diabetes. Modification of certain risk factors by patients and health professionals may reduce the risk for amputation and thus decrease the human and dollar costs that accompany limb loss in this prevalent chronic disease.
EXPERIMENTS ON WHOLE SPLEEN TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: THEODOR KOPPÁNYI
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Successful transplantation of the whole spleen of the urodele ( Triton cristatus ) was reported last year by Ehrenpreis. 1 About the same time I was able to achieve the same results on albino rats. Schonbauer and Sternberg 2 have just published an article in which they mention previous work and some original work of their own as a result of which they deny the possibility of spleen transplantation.  Ehrhardt published in a dissertation (which is not available to me) that he had done successful spleen transplantation in 1909. Ludke 3 stated that he could transplant fragments of rabbit spleen into the spleen of the monkey and could identify them microscopically from four to eight weeks later but not after three months. Stubenrauch, 4 in 1912, found that spleen fragments transplanted into the omentum could be found after eight weeks and these presented the histologic characteristics of normal spleen. Soper, 5 in
Multimodal Nanoprobes Evaluating Physiological Pore Size of Brain Vasculatures in Ischemic Stroke Models
Authors: Shuyan Zheng, Ying‐Ying Bai, Yinzhi Changyi, Xihui Gao, Wenqing Zhang, Yuancheng Wang, Lu Zhou, Shenghong Ju, Cong Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Ischemic stroke accounts for 80% strokes and originates from a reduction of cerebral blood flow (CBF) after vascular occlusion. For treatment, the first action is to restore CBF by thrombolytic agent recombinant tissue‐type plasminogen activator (rt‐PA). Although rt‐PA benefits clinical outcome, its application is limited by short therapeutic time window and risk of brain hemorrhage. Different to thrombolytic agents, neuroprotectants reduce neurological injuries by blocking ischemic cascade events such as excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. Nano‐neuroprotectants demonstrate higher therapeutic effect than small molecular analogues due to their prolonged circulation lifetime and disrupted blood–brain barrier (BBB) in ischemic region. Even enhanced BBB permeability in ischemic territories is verified, the pore size of ischemic vasculatures determining how large and how efficient the therapeutics can pass is barely studied. In this work, nanoprobes (NPs) with different diameters are developed. In vivo multimodal imaging indicates that NP uptakes in ischemic region depended on their diameters and the pore size upper limit of ischemic vasculatures is determined as 10–11 nm. Additionally, penumbra defined as salvageable ischemic tissues performed a higher BBB permeability than infarct core. This work provides a guideline for developing nano‐neuroprotectants by taking advantage of the locally enhanced BBB permeability in ischemic brain tissues.
Reduced Intellectual Development in Children with Prenatal Lead Exposure
Authors: Lourdes Schnaas, Stephen J. Rothenberg, Maria-Fernanda Flores, Sandra Martinez, Carmen Hernandez, Erica Osorio, Silvia Ruiz Velasco, Estela Perroni
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Low-level postnatal lead exposure is associated with poor intellectual development in children, although effects of prenatal exposure are less well studied. We hypothesized that prenatal lead exposure would have a more powerful and lasting impact on child development than postnatal exposure.We used generalized linear mixed models with random intercept and slope to analyze the pattern of lead effect of the cohort from pregnancy through 10 years of age on child IQ from 6 to 10 years. We statistically evaluated dose-response nonlinearity.A cohort of 175 children, 150 of whom had complete data for all included covariates, attended the National Institute of Perinatology in Mexico City from 1987 through 2002.We used the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, Spanish version, to measure IQ. Blood lead (BPb) was measured by a reference laboratory of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) quality assurance program for BPb.Geometric mean BPb during pregnancy was 8.0 microg/dL (range, 1-33 microg/dL), from 1 through 5 years was 9.8 microg/dL (2.8-36.4 microg/dL), and from 6 through 10 years was 6.2 microg/dL (2.2-18.6 microg/dL). IQ at 6-10 years decreased significantly only with increasing natural-log third-trimester BPb (beta=-3.90; 95% confidence interval, -6.45 to -1.36), controlling for other BPb and covariates. The dose-response BPb-IQ function was log-linear, not linear-linear.Lead exposure around 28 weeks gestation is a critical period for later child intellectual development, with lasting and possibly permanent effects. There was no evidence of a threshold; the strongest lead effects on IQ occurred within the first few micrograms of BPb.Current CDC action limits for children applied to pregnant women permit most lead-associated child IQ decreases measured over the studied BPb range.
A Molecularly Annotated Platform of Patient-Derived Xenografts (“Xenopatients”) Identifies HER2 as an Effective Therapeutic Target in Cetuximab-Resistant Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Andrea Bertotti, Giorgia Migliardi, Francesco Galimi, Francesco Sassi, Davide Torti, Claudio Isella, Davide Corà, Federica Di Nicolantonio, Michela Buscarino, Consalvo Petti, Dario Ribero, Nadia Russolillo, Andrea Muratore, Paolo Massucco, Alberto Pisacane, Luca Molinaro, Emanuele Valtorta, Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Mauro Risio, Lorenzo Capussotti, Marcello Gambacorta, Salvatore Siena, Enzo Medico, Anna Sapino, Silvia Marsoni, Paolo M. Comoglio, Alberto Bardelli, Livio Trusolino
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2011)

Only a fraction of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receive clinical benefit from therapy with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies, which calls for the identification of novel biomarkers for better personalized medicine. We produced large xenograft cohorts from 85 patient-derived, genetically characterized metastatic colorectal cancer samples ("xenopatients") to discover novel determinants of therapeutic response and new oncoprotein targets. Serially passaged tumors retained the morphologic and genomic features of their original counterparts. A validation trial confirmed the robustness of this approach: xenopatients responded to the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab with rates and extents analogous to those observed in the clinic and could be prospectively stratified as responders or nonresponders on the basis of several predictive biomarkers. Genotype-response correlations indicated HER2 amplification specifically in a subset of cetuximab-resistant, KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA wild-type cases. Importantly, HER2 amplification was also enriched in clinically nonresponsive KRAS wild-type patients. A proof-of-concept, multiarm study in HER2-amplified xenopatients revealed that the combined inhibition of HER2 and EGFR induced overt, long-lasting tumor regression. Our results suggest promising therapeutic opportunities in cetuximab-resistant patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, whose medical treatment in the chemorefractory setting remains an unmet clinical need.Direct transfer xenografts of tumor surgical specimens conserve the interindividual diversity and the genetic heterogeneity typical of the tumors of origin, combining the flexibility of preclinical analysis with the informative value of population-based studies. Our suite of patient-derived xenografts from metastatic colorectal carcinomas reliably mimicked disease response in humans, prospectively recapitulated biomarker-based case stratification, and identified HER2 as a predictor of resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies and of response to combination therapies against HER2 and epidermal growth factor receptor in this tumor setting.
Functional Genomics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Snorri S. Thorgeirsson, Ju-Seog Lee, Joe W. Grisham
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

The majority of DNA-microarray based gene expression profiling studies on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has focused on identifying genes associated with clinicopathological features of HCC patients. Although notable success has been achieved, this approach still faces significant challenges due to the heterogeneous nature of HCC (and other cancers) as well as the many confounding factors embedded in gene expression profile data. However, these limitations are being overcome by improved bioinformatics and sophisticated analyses. Also, application of cross comparison of multiple gene expression data sets from human tumors and animal models are facilitating the identification of critical regulatory modules in the expression profiles. The success of this new experimental approach, comparative functional genomics, suggests that integration of independent data sets will enhance our ability to identify key regulatory elements in tumor development. Furthermore, integrating gene expression profiles with data from DNA sequence information in promoters, array-based CGH, and expression of non-coding genes (i.e., microRNAs) will further increase the reliability and significance of the biological and clinical inferences drawn from the data. The pace of current progress in the cancer profiling field, combined with the advances in high-throughput technologies in genomics and proteomics, as well as in bioinformatics, promises to yield unprecedented biological insights from the integrative (or systems) analysis of the combined cancer genomics database. The predicted beneficial impact of this "new integrative biology" on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of liver cancer and indeed cancer in general is enormous.
Right Ventricular Filling Defect Resulting From Severe Pectus Excavatum
Authors: Z U Khan, M C Gerson, P M Burwinkel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 79-year-old woman was referred for evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease after “irregular beats” were noted during an aerobic exercise class. She denied chest pain, pressure, or dyspnea. Her resting ECG demonstrated poor R-wave progression across the precordial leads. On treadmill exercise, the patient achieved target heart rate without ischemic ECG changes
A New Look at an Old Hat
Authors: Nicholas J. Pisacano
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In this issue ofThe Journal(p 2647), Kane discusses an age-old problem—"Rural Health Care: Medical Issues." Even among the eldest of us, this saga of the problems of rural America is old hat. Kane gives us a fresh look at this long-lasting problem. It becomes obvious to one who has reviewed the statistical data that the definition of "rural" needs to be elucidated. Villages of fewer than 2,500 people may qualify to be termed rural for statistical analyses, but many such villages often are affluent appendages to urban or suburban areas. Kane points out the misleading statistic that Pennsylvania is the most rural state in America, and he further shows that the rurality of Pennsylvania or North Carolina is, indeed, different from that of Wyoming or Montana. Perhaps when the word "rural" is used in studies, surveys, or any statistical compendium, there should be adherence to uniform, well-defined criteria
An investigation into the incidence of auto-immune disorders in patients with lichen sclerosus and atrophicus
Authors: CHRISTINE I. HARRINGTON, I.R. DUNSMORE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Patients with lichen sclerosus and atrophicus have an increased incidence of organ specific antibodies, and these patients and their relatives have a significantly higher incidence of associated autoimmune diseases than a control population. The incidence of other auto-immune diseases in patients with lichen sclerosus is highest when the onset is between the ages of 41 and 60 years, but is not related to the duration or site of the lesions. These findings suggest an immunological basis for the disease and indicate that the patients should be investigated and followed up to detect the existence of other auto-immune disorders.