tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Systemic hemodynamics and serum nitrate levels in patients undergoing endoscopic variceal ligation
Authors: M Yokoyama
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The effects of endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) on systemic hemodynamics are unknown. This study was conducted to determine whether the obliteration of portal-systemic collaterals by EVL affects systemic hemodynamics and serum nitrate concentrations in patients with compensated cirrhosis. We measured systemic and hepatic hemodynamics, azygos vein blood flow (AzBF), and serum nitrate concentrations before and immediately following EVL. A prompt decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), stroke volume, cardiac index (CI), and an increase in systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) were observed following variceal ligation. The reduction in LVEDV was associated with a decline in CI with a rise in SVRI. There was also a prompt reduction in serum nitrate concentration following variceal ligation. AzBF also significantly decreased following variceal ligation. These findings indicate that EVL decreased cardiac output via a reduction in cardiac preload (central venous return). Blood flow through portal-systemic collaterals has an important role in the enhanced cardiac preload of cirrhotic patients. The sudden decrease in serum nitrate concentrations suggests that endogenous nitric oxide may be involved in the regulation of systemic hemodynamics in patients with compensated cirrhosis.
Neuroradiology Workshop: Vol II: Intracranial Tumors Other Than Meningiomas.
Authors: George B. Udvarhelyi
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The first volume of the<i>Neuroradiology Workshop</i>contained case presentations and discussions of lesions in the scalp, skull, and meninges. The present volume, dealing with intracranial tumors other than meningiomas, has a framework similar to that of the first volume. Following a short introduction, the different types of brain tumors are discussed in detail. The text for the most part reproduces the discussions of conferences at the Montefiore Hospital. This type of presentation carries the risk of certain repetitions. However, it is enjoyable to read the quick exchange of ideas, the discussions, and occasional disagreements between the various members of the conference. The radiological aspect of the lesions is emphasized, although integrated with the clinical, pathological, and surgical aspects. The reader may disagree with certain points but the volume is not intended as a didactic textbook. It conveys the experience and ideas of a single group of highly qualified individuals.
701 HOST GENETIC DETERMINANTS IN HCV-RELATED MIXED CRYOGLOBULINEMIA
Authors: A. Piluso, L. Gragnani, P. Caini, E. Fognani, C. Giannini, M. Monti, A. Petrarca, J. Ranieri, G. Laffi, A.L. Zignego
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
1054-145 Murine cardiac failure model produced by high-intensity focused ultrasound
Authors: Ryo Otsuka, Kana Fujikura, Kumiko Hirata, Todd Pulerwitz, Robert Muratore, David Engel, Daniel Burkhoff, Jie Wang, Fred Lizzi, Shunichi Homma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Like Night and Day — Shedding Light on Off-Hours Care
Authors: David J. Shulkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Lately, I've been coming to work at midnight. You see, I've begun making late-night administrative rounds at the hospital where I am president and chief executive officer. No, I'm not nostalgic for my harrowing days as a resident. Rather, these middle-of-the-nighters are part of an initiative of mine intended to address a matter that is of increasing concern at hospitals throughout the country: the stark discrepancy in quality between daytime and nighttime inpatient services.Like many hospital executives, I've come to appreciate the fact that I work in two distinct places, though they share the same address. One is a . . .
The thrifty genotype and non-insulin dependent diabetes.
Authors: J Garrow
Journal: BMJ (1993)

An audit of the outcome of these periodic procedures from Germanaud's study would help in decisions regarding starting, continuing, or stopping periodic tuberculin testing or chest x ray examinations, or both, for hospital employees.Evaluation of the British data from occupational health departments in the health service has shown that routine annual chest x ray examination for this group of workers is not justified.4
BI-23 * LOSS OF NOVEL lncRNA DEFINES THE GLIOBLASTOMA MESENCHYMAL SUBTYPE
Authors: K. Planey, O. Gevaert
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common brain tumors and the first cancer studied by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). GBM is a very aggressive disease with one of the worst 5-year survival rates among all human cancers. Molecular analysis has revealed several intrinsic subtypes based on gene expression relevant for GBM, including the mesenchymal subtype. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have not been well studied in GBM and their function is largely unknown. A custom RNA-seq pre-processing pipeline was used on GBM primary tumor samples to extract lncRNA expression with respect to the mesenchymal subtype. We used the STAR algorithm in combination with the Gencode lncRNA database to derive lncRNA expression calls. Next, we used the FeatureCounts algorithm to quantify the expression calls. The counts were normalized using the DESeq2 rlog transformation algorithm. After alignment using STAR, 101 samples passed the 75% alignment filter, representing all gene expression subtypes. Next, using FeatureCounts, we had expression calls for 6667 lncRNAs. After removing lncRNAs with variance below .01, there were 4433 lncRNAs with expression counts across all samples. Out of the top10 varying lncRNAs, a lncRNA with unknown function was significantly negatively correlated with the mesenchymal subtype (p-value of 9.4E-05). Next, we used k-means clustering on the top 4000 most varying coding genes to divide them in co-expressed clusters, or metagenes. We correlated the novel lncRNA with these metagenes to identify its function. The top positively correlated metagene was enriched in neurogenesis, neuron differentiation and neuron apoptosis. We identified a potential role for a novel lncRNA strongly related to the mesenchymal subtype and crucial for normal neurogenesis. We hypothesize that this lncRNA is essential for neurogenesis and must be removed for glioblastomas to undergo neural to mesenchymal (NMT) transition.
Nocturnal release of leukocyte-derived microparticles in males with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: W. Trzepizur, P. Priou, A. Paris, J. Nardi, S. Tual-Chalot, N. Meslier, T. Urban, R. Andriantsitohaina, M.C. Martinez, F. Gagnadoux
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

To the Editors:

Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to the increased cardiovascular morbidity in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), including autonomic dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction 1. Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane vesicles that are shed from circulating cells or from the components of the vessel wall in response to activation and apoptosis. There is growing evidence in support of a potential role of MPs in the field of cardiovascular diseases. Increased levels of MPs derived from various cell types are found in patients at risk of cardiovascular diseases 2. By modulating inflammation, coagulation, vasomotor reactivity and angiogenesis, MPs might directly contribute to cardiovascular diseases 2. Recent case–control studies suggest a potential involvement of MPs in OSA-associated cardiovascular morbidity 3–6. An increase in morning levels of MPs derived from activated leukocytes has been demonstrated in otherwise healthy male OSA patients with marked nocturnal desaturations 5. In vitro , nitric oxide (NO) production by endothelial cells incubated with MPs from OSA patients correlates negatively with circulating levels of activated leukocyte-derived MPs 5. Ex vivo , mice previously injected with MPs from OSA patients display endothelial dysfunction, reduced endothelial NO release and increased adhesion molecule expression 5.

A decrease in endothelial function from evening to morning has previously been demonstrated in patients with OSA and found to correlate with the severity of sleep-disordered breathing 7. Since recent data suggest a potential role MPs in endothelial dysfunction 5, we aimed to study evening-to-morning change in activated leukocyte-derived MPs levels in otherwise healthy patients with OSA. …
The Long-Term Clinical Course of Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Paolo Prandoni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

In patients who have symptomatic deep venous thrombosis, the long-term risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism and the incidence and severity of post-thrombotic sequelae have not been well documented.To determine the clinical course of patients during the 8 years after their first episode of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis.Prospective cohort study.University outpatient thrombosis clinic.355 consecutive patients with a first episode of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis.Recurrent venous thromboembolism, the post-thrombotic syndrome, and death. Potential risk factors for these outcomes were also evaluated.The cumulative incidence of recurrent venous thromboembolism was 17.5% after 2 years of follow-up (95% CI, 13.6% to 22.2%), 24.6% after 5 years (CI, 19.6% to 29.7%), and 30.3% after 8 years (CI, 23.6% to 37.0%). The presence of cancer and of impaired coagulation inhibition increased the risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism (hazard ratios, 1.72 [CI, 1.31 to 2.25] and 1.44 [CI, 1.02 to 2.01], respectively). In contrast, surgery and recent trauma or fracture were associated with a decreased risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism (hazard ratios, 0.36 [CI, 0.21 to 0.62] and 0.51 [CI, 0.32 to 0.87], respectively). The cumulative incidence of the post-thrombotic syndrome was 22.8% after 2 years (CI, 18.0% to 27.5%), 28.0% after 5 years (CI, 22.7% to 33.3%), and 29.1% after 8 years (CI, 23.4% to 34.7%). The development of ipsilateral recurrent deep venous thrombosis was strongly associated with the risk for the post-thrombotic syndrome (hazard ratio, 6.4; CI, 3.1 to 13.3). Survival after 8 years was 70.2% (CI, 64.7% to 75.6%). The presence of cancer increased the risk for death (hazard ratio, 8.1; CI, 3.6 to 18.1).Patients with symptomatic deep venous thrombosis, especially those without transient risk factors for deep venous thrombosis, have a high risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism that persists for many years. The post-thrombotic syndrome occurs in almost one third of these patients and is strongly related to ipsilateral recurrent deep venous thrombosis. These findings challenge the widely adopted use of short-course anticoagulation therapy in patients with symptomatic deep venous thrombosis.
Abstract 5568: Constitutively activation of STAT3 is a prognostic factor in activated B-cell subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Xin Huang, Wenfeng Cao, Javeed Iqbal, Bin Meng, B. Belinda Ding, Chengfeng Bi, Chunsun Jiang, B. Hilda Ye, Wing C. Chan, Kai Fu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have previously reported aberrant activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway promotes cell proliferation and survival in the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype, but not in the germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Herein, we investigated the effects of small molecular inhibitors of STAT3 in sensitizing DLBCL cell to chemotherapy drugs. ABC-DLBCL lines Ly3 and Pfeiffer were more resistant to vincristine-induced cell death than GCB-DLBCL cells Ly1 and Ly7 were. In ABC-DLBCL cells, constitutive activation of STAT3 provided survival signal and inhibited vincristine-induced apoptosis, while inhibition of STAT3 signaling abrogated IL-6 secretion and promoted cell apoptosis. STAT3 inhibitor and chemotherapy drugs synergistically induced cell apoptosis, with increased caspases 3/7 activity and PARP cleavage, in ABC-DLBCL cells but not in the GCB-DLBCL cells. The effect was correlated with reduced expression of MCL1 in these cells. To investigate the prognostic significance of STAT3 activation in DLBCL patients, we evaluated the levels of phospho-Tyr705-STAT3 (PY-STAT3) expression by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 309 DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP regimen. The ABC-DLBCL subgroup had significantly higher number of PY-STAT3 positive cases compared to the GCB subgroup (59.4% vs 36.2%; P = 0.003). Constitutive activation of STAT3 pathway has a significant impact on the overall-survival (OS) and event-free-survival (EFS) in the entire DLBCL cohort (OS, P = 0.010; EFS, P = 0.006) and in the ABC subgroup (OS, P = 0.062; EFS, P=0.016). Moreover, we constructed a subgroup of genes representing STAT3 activation from the gene expression profiling data of STAT3-siRNA treated ABC cell lines and primary DLBCL samples. Attributions of these genes include repression with the STAT3 knockdown in DLBCL cell lines, overexpression in the PY-STAT3-positive DLBCL tumors, and containing one or more STAT3 binding motif within their promoter regions. Eleven genes were obtained when trained this gene subgroup with patient survival through a semi-supervised algorithm. Averaged expression of the eleven genes predicted the OS (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and EFS (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in the entire DLBCL cohort, as well as in the ABC-DLBCL subgroup (OS, P = 0.029; EFS, P = 0.025). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that STAT3 activation is a significant prognostic factor in DLBCL and suggested that STAT3 may be a new therapeutic target in this aggressive malignancy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5568. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5568
Antibiotic Therapy in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: N. R. ANTHONISEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

The effects of broad-spectrum antibiotic and placebo therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in exacerbation were compared in a randomized, double-blinded, crossover trial. Exacerbations were defined in terms of increased dyspnea, sputum production, and sputum purulence. Exacerbations were followed at 3-day intervals by home visits, and those that resolved in 21 days were designated treatment successes. Treatment failures included exacerbations in which symptoms did not resolve but no intervention was necessary, and those in which the patient's condition deteriorated so that intervention was necessary. Over 3.5 years in 173 patients, 362 exacerbations were treated, 180 with placebo and 182 with antibiotic. The success rate with placebo was 55% and with antibiotic 68%. The rate of failure with deterioration was 19% with placebo and 10% with antibiotic. There was a significant benefit associated with antibiotic. Peak flow recovered more rapidly with antibiotic treatment than with placebo. Side effects were uncommon and did not differ between antibiotic and placebo.▸ From the Sections of Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Department of Inte nal Medicine, and the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
ABC of transfusion. Plasma, plasma products, and indications for their use.
Authors: H Cohen, P B Kernoff
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Whole blood PlasmapheresisFresh plasmaFresh frozen plasma Cryoprecipitate CryosupernatantFactor VIII concentrate Albumin Modern methods of fractionating plasma into its components are based on the pioneering work of Cohn and his colleagues during the second world war.Since then world demand for plasma products has increased so that it now exceeds that for cellular components of blood.The concept that optimal use of plasma is achieved by fractionation is now firmly established, and a wide range of products is available for therapeutic use.We shall consider all these products except albumin.B?'AJ
Intracellular Localization and Functional Effects of P <sup>21</sup> -Activated Kinase-1 (Pak1) in Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Yunbo Ke, Lynn Wang, W. Glen Pyle, Pieter P. de Tombe, R. John Solaro
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

We investigated intracellular localization and substrate specificity of P21-activated kinase-1 (Pak1) in rat cardiac myocytes. Pak1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by Rac1/Cdc42 and important in signaling of stress responses. Yet the localization and in vivo function of Pak1 in heart cells is poorly understood. Studies reported here indicate that Pak1 physically interacts with protein phosphatase 2a and localizes to the Z-disk, cell membrane, intercalated disc, and nuclear membrane of adult rat heart myocytes. We compared levels of phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in control myocytes with phosphorylation of cTnI and myosin binding protein C (C-protein) in myocytes with increased Pak1 activity. The increase in activity was induced by infection of myocytes with a recombinant adenovirus (AdPak1) containing cDNA for a constitutively active Pak1. Control cells were infected with a virus (AdLacZ) containing LacZ. Basal levels of phosphorylation of cTnI and C-protein were relatively high in the myocytes infected with AdLacZ. However, phosphorylation of cTnI and C-protein in cells expressing constitutively active Pak1 was significantly reduced compared with those expressing LacZ. Measurement of Ca2+ tension relations in single myocytes demonstrated that this reduction in phosphorylation of cTnI and C-protein was associated with the predicted increase in sensitivity to Ca2+. Our data provide evidence for a novel pathway of phosphatase regulation in cardiac myocytes.
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND BURDEN OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Thomas Mark Snow, Alistair C. Lindsay, Raad Mohiaddin, Carlo Di Mario, Simon W. Davies, Alison Duncan, Neil E. Moat
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy with implantable cardioverter defibrillator versus cardiac resynchronization therapy with pacemaker on mortality in heart failure patients: results of a high‐volume, single‐centre experience
Authors: Valentina Kutyifa, Laszlo Geller, Peter Bogyi, Endre Zima, Mehmet K. Aktas, Emin Evren Ozcan, David Becker, Vivien Klaudia Nagy, Annamaria Kosztin, Szabolcs Szilagyi, Bela Merkely
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Multiple Sclerosis: Immunology, Virology, and Ultrastructure
Authors: Frank R. Freemon
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Despite tantalizing immunologic and epidemiologic clues, real progress in understanding multiple sclerosis eludes us. Many American research workers gathered at a California ranch in February 1972 to consider some recent research results concerning multiple sclerosis and its animal models. This book reproduces in typescript form the invited technical papers and the even more technical discussions. Typescript printing techniques allow rapid publication but produce a page with uneven righthand margins, which is difficult to read. Figures and tables are gathered at the end of each chapter rather than interspersed throughout. The rush to press results in many typographical and grammatical errors. These contributions are so unpolished that the reader may get the feeling that he is reading a typed manuscript from a multiple sclerosis research worker. Several separate lines of research endeavor are reviewed in this book. Epidemiologic studies suggest that multiple sclerosis is acquired in childhood or adolescence and several
MEASUREMENT OF FREE THYROXINE CONCENTRATION IN HUMAN SERUM*
Authors: Kenneth Sterling, Alexander Hegedus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

In the present investigation the existence of "free" thyroxine in human serum was repeatedly verified by dialysis through cellophane, with paper chromatographic identification of thyroxine in the dialysate.Methods were developed for measurement of the minute amount of thyroxine present in the dialysate that was considered to represent the unbound or diffusible fraction of the hormone in serum.Similar values were obtained whether a tracer amount of labeled thyroxine was added to serum, or serum containing endogenously labeled hormone after I131 therapy was employed. MATERIALS AND METHODS MaterialsI"1-labeled L-thyroxine was obtained from E. R. Squibb and Co. or from Abbott Laboratories.Shipments were tested for purity by descending paper chromatog- raphy as previously described (1, 2), and were discarded if found to be less than 95 per cent pure.Nonradioactive L-thyroxine was purchased from Mann Research Co., New York City.All blood sera not used the day they were drawn were stored frozen.Repeated freezing and thawing had no effect upon the results.Large pools of sera were sup- plied by the Medical Chemistry Laboratory and run as standards with each set of dialysis experiments. Clinical materialThyrotoxicosis.Sixty hyperthyroid patients were available from the Thyroid Clinic and the Department of Ra- diological Research of the Presbyterian Hospital.Blood samples were obtained from 35 patients 1 to 13 days after 1131 therapy.The remaining 25 patients did not receive radioactive iodine therapy before study of their blood sera.The diagnoses were verified by thyroidal uptake of I"1, serum protein-bound iodine (PBI) determination
The Public, Political Parties, and Stem-Cell Research
Authors: Robert J. Blendon, Minah Kang Kim, John M. Benson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The 2012 presidential election campaign has created uncertainty about federal funding for human embryonic stem-cell research, with most Republican candidates suggesting that they would substantially reduce such funding. Where do U.S. voters stand on this issue? This Perspective summarizes polling results.
QRS mapping in the evaluation of acute anterior myocardial infarction.
Authors: R von Essen, W Merx, R Doerr, S Effert, J Silny, G Rau
Journal: Circulation (1980)

In 42 patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI), we studied the course of Q-wave development and R-wave reduction during the first 48 hours after the onset of chest pain. We used precordial mapping in relation to clinical features, hemodynamic measurements and enzyme release. Q waves developed within 6-14 hours (mean 9 hours) after onset of symptoms. R-wave amplitudes demonstrated nearly a reflected image: They reduced abruptly 5-11 hours (mean 9 hours) after onset of chest pain, coinciding with ST-segment elevation. In 14 patients (group A, 33%) after initial QRS alterations, there were no further changes. Twenty patients (group B, 48%) had a distinct new increase of Q waves (delta sigma Q = 3.0 +/- 2.0 mV/hours) and further R-wave reduction (-delta sigma R = 1.0 +/- 0.6 mV/hour) simultaneous with new severe chest pain and a delayed second increase of enzyme release corresponding with extension of infarction. There were no significant differences between the groups in age, hemodynamics and infarct size calculated from creatine kinase release. Eight patients (group C, 19%) had contradictory findings. Our findings are consistent with previous results indicating that the critical period for intervention is very small except in patients with extension of necrosis.