tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What Is the True Clinicopathologic Spectrum of Neuromyelitis Optica?—Reply
Authors: Benjamin M. Greenberg, Dean Wingerchuk, Maureen Mealy, Michael Levy
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Reversal of premature hair greying in adult coeliac disease.
Authors: L S Hill
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Reversal of premature hair greying in adult coeliac diseaseThere is no known association between premature greying of the hair and the subsequent diagnosis of adult coeliac disease.I report two cases in which the hair colour turned completely during the third decade and remained unchanged until adult coeliac disease was diagnosed at least 20 years later.In both cases a reversal of the colour change began a few weeks after starting a gluten-free diet. Case reports(1) The patient, a man, had had dark brown hair until the age of 25.Discoloration progressed until at the age of 30 the scalp hair was snow white.Other body hair was unaffected and he remained in good health.At the age of 53 he was admitted to hospital after an accident and was found to be anaemic.The results of investigations, including jejunal biopsy, were consistent with adult coeliac disease.Institution of a gluten-free diet led to resolution of the anaemia.Within three months of starting the diet his hair was noticeably darker at the temples.Within five years his hair was quite Hai badin reate tocliicareapsofadutcelic isae Hair banding related to c'linical relapse of adult coehiac disease.dark but with streaks of grey, appropriate for his age of 58.Later his bowel action of two soft stools daily changed to one firm stool daily, but he could not remember if his bowel action had ever been different in his youth.A deliberate gluten meal caused diarrhoea, which settled over six weeks, and the freshly emerging hair became light grey once more, returning to the darker colour as the diarrhoea settled.A second gluten meal caused a repetition and obvious bands could be seen (figure).(2) The patient, a woman, had lost her dark brown hair colour during her late thirties alnd became completely white by the age of 43.She had recurrent iron-deficient anaemia which was attributed to menorrhagia until after the menopause,when she was investigated.The findings, including jejunal biopsy, suggested adult coeliac disease.Within a few weeks of starting a glutenfree diet at the age of 58 her hairdresser commented that her hair was growing out darker, and by the age of 63 its appearance strikingly resembled that of the first patient.The hair change was restricted to scalp hair and there was no alteration of bowel habit, but she felt much better. CommentThis report illustrates two grave consequences of treatment with aminocaproic acid, each of which is potentially lethal.The onset of acute massive myonecrosis six weeks after beginning treatment on 14 July
What are the Signs of Recent Hemorrhage, and what do they mean? Criteria for Massive Bleeding
Authors: Y. Oshita, Y. Okazaki, T. Takemoto, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

Hematemesis, melena, shock, vague symptoms, anemia, blood examinations and endoscopic findings are reviewed as signs of recent hemorrhage. An assessment of the condition of patients with upper GI bleeding is important for planning treatment. Therefore, in order to be able to evaluate a method of treatment of GI bleeding, reports referring to treatment of GI bleeding must contain a clear record of the severity of the patient's state and of the bleeding source. A common criterion for massive bleeding has been proposed. Specifically, a patient suffering from shock who needs more than 1,000 ml of blood or plasma expander by rapid transfusion within one hour, or more than 2,000 ml within the initial 24 hours, to stabilize his circulation, and whose Hb level is 8.0 g/dl or less, should be graded as having massive bleeding. Gastric ulcers with exposed blood vessels need endoscopic YAG laser hemostasis or ethanol injection therapy as quickly as possible, since 43 % of the cases rebleed within 72 hours under conventional drug therapy, and such rebleeding can be prevented by the endoscopic hemostatic methods.
Kir3-Based Inward Rectifier Potassium Current
Authors: Tae-Joon Cha, Joachim R. Ehrlich, Denis Chartier, Xiao-Yan Qi, Ling Xiao, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— We previously characterized a novel K + current ( I KH ) with properties of constitutively active acetylcholine-related current in dog atrium. I KH is sensitive to tertiapin-Q (IC 50 ≈10 nmol/L), a highly selective Kir3 current blocker. This study assessed the role of I KH in atrial tachycardia (AT)–remodeled canine left atrium (LA) with the use of tertiapin-Q as a probe. Methods and Results— Dogs were subjected to 7 to 13 days of AT (400 bpm). Coronary-perfused LA preparations were studied intact or subjected to cardiomyocyte isolation. I KH was recorded with patch-clamp methods. AT pacing increased time-dependent hyperpolarization-activated current ( I KH ) at −110 mV from −1.8±0.3 (control) to −3.4±0.5 pA/pF (AT) and the 100-nmol/L tertiapin-sensitive component from −1.5±0.4 (control) to −3.3±0.6 pA/pF (AT). Prolonged atrial tachyarrhythmias could be induced with single extrastimuli in AT-remodeled, but not control, preparations, reflecting the atrial fibrillation–promoting effects of AT remodeling. In AT-remodeled preparations, tachyarrhythmia duration averaged 11.0±5.2 seconds, with a cycle length of 108±6 ms. Tertiapin-Q decreased tachyarrhythmia duration (to 0.6±0.1 second; P &lt;0.001) and increased tachyarrhythmia cycle length (to 175±10 ms; P &lt;0.001). Atrial action potential duration (APD) was increased 65±6% by tertiapin in AT-remodeled hearts versus 19±2% ( P &lt;0.001) in control. In 2 AT-remodeled preparations, tachyarrhythmia lasted uninterrupted for &gt;20 minutes; tertiapin-Q slowed and then terminated arrhythmia in both. Tertiapin had no effect on left ventricular cardiomyocyte currents or APD. Conclusions— AT remodeling increases I KH , and a highly selective Kir3 current antagonist, tertiapin-Q, increases APD and suppresses atrial tachyarrhythmias in AT-remodeled preparations without affecting ventricular electrophysiology. Constitutive acetylcholine-related K + current contributes to AT-remodeling effects in dogs and is a potentially interesting antiarrhythmic target.
Suppression of murine experimental autoimmune hepatitis by T-cell vaccination or immunosuppression
Authors: Ansgar W. Lohse, Hans-Peter Dienes, Karl-Hermann Meyer zum Büschenfelde
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) usually require immunosuppressive therapy for many years, if not for a lifetime. Experimental immunotherapy such as T-cell vaccination aims at manipulating the immune system in such a way that autoimmunity is specifically regulated to enable long-lasting correction of the disease process. We aimed to test the feasibility of T-cell vaccination as well as conventional immunosuppression in the murine model of experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH). EAH was induced in 5- to 7-week-old BALB/c mice by immunization with syngeneic liver homogenate in complete Freund’s adjuvant. For T-cell vaccination, splenocytes were removed from animals 14 days after induction of EAH and from control animals, and activated in vitro by mitogen stimulation with Concanavalin A (Con A). Activated T cells were irradiated and injected at 5 × 10 7 cells per animal as T-cell vaccine. Immunosuppression in control animals was performed with prednisolone with or without azathioprine. T-cell vaccination with T cells from EAH animals, but not with irrelevant T cells, was able to protect animals from EAH, reducing the average disease severity from 2.2 (±0.3) to 0.5 (±0.3) ( P &lt; .01). T-cell vaccination was also able to treat EAH, because application of the vaccine 2 weeks after induction of the disease significantly reduced disease activity at week 4 from 2.4 (±0.4) to 1.1 (±0.2) ( P &lt; .05). Both passive transfer of disease and the capacity to protect by T-cell vaccination was mediated by CD4 T cells. Specific cellular recognition of activated disease-inducing T cells could be detected in vaccinated animals. Immunosuppressive drugs could also suppress EAH. Thus, T-cell vaccination in EAH is feasible and effective. Stimulation of a regulatory T-cell network is the likely mechanism of action by which T-cell vaccination can suppress EAH.
CONGENITAL DEFECTS FOLLOWING MATERNAL RUBELLA
Authors: STUART ABEL
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Gregg 1 in 1941 was the first to suggest a relationship between maternal rubella and congenital defects in the child. He studied 78 cases of congenital cataract associated with cardiac or other lesions and in 68 obtained a maternal history of rubella during pregnancy. Since this initial work in Australia, many reports have appeared on this subject. Various congenital defects, particularly cataracts, cardiac malformations and deafness have been reported. Mental retardation, hypospadias, talipes equinovarus, underdevelopment, difficult feeding problems and dental abnormalities also have been mentioned.  Further studies disclosed that rubella in the mother during the first trimester of pregnancy is most likely to affect the child. Swan, 2 Evans 3 and their Australian colleagues followed Gregg's lead and concluded that congenital defects resulted in 100 per cent of babies born to mothers having rubella in the first two months of pregnancy and 50 per cent of children born to women
Thousands of health workers furloughed as US government shuts down
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The US government went into partial shutdown on Tuesday 1 October after the US Congress failed to pass a budget measure needed to keep the government running in the new fiscal year.

The shutdown became inevitable Monday night after the US Senate, in a straight party line vote, rejected a stopgap appropriation measure passed by the Republican dominated House of Representatives earlier in the day that included a provision that would delay implementation of a key element of the Affordable Care Act, the individual mandate, which requires that all Americans obtain health insurance.

House Republicans, spurred on by their supporters’ fervent opposition to the 2010 healthcare reform law, have sought more than 40 times to repeal, defund, or delay the act.

“Our message to the United States Senate is real simple: the American people don’t want the government shut down, and they don’t want Obamacare,” said John Boehner, the speaker of the House and an Ohio Republican.

Earlier versions of budget resolutions passed by the House, which were also immediately rejected by the Senate, included language that would have stripped all funding for the healthcare reform law or delayed its implementation by one year.

Senate Democrats have insisted that they would not pass any measure, and President Barack Obama has said that he would veto …
Indirect immunofluorescence testing in bullous diseases
Authors: M.D. TROTTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article Indirect immunofluorescence testing in bullous diseases Get access M.D. TROTTER M.D. TROTTER MRC Unit for Research on the Experimental Pathology of the Skin, The Medical School, The University, Birmingham 15 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue 3, 1 September 1973, Pages 237–242, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb02970.x Published: 01 September 1973 Article history Accepted: 23 February 1973 Published: 01 September 1973
Impact of urgent suspected cancer (USC) versus non-USC referral pathways on survival of upper GI cancers
Authors: A. Sugumaran, J. Hurley, P. George, J. Pye
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Department of Health published guidance on ‘Improving Outcomes in Upper Gastro-intestinal cancer’ in January 2001.1 One of the important recommendations was ‘Fast Track Endoscopy’ service within 2 weeks for patients with suspicion of cancer (‘the 2 weeks rule’). Our aim was to compare the detection of curative Upper GI cancers (Oesophagus and stomach) and survival in patients referred for Oesophago gastro duodenoscopy (OGD) via USC versus non-USC (routine) route in a District general hospital. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a retrospective audit on all patients referred for OGD between October 2006 and April 2007 in Wrexham maelor hospital (Cross-border Upper GI Cancer center for North Wales and West Cheshire). Data on mode of referral (USC or non-USC), endoscopic and histological diagnosis, curative or palliative intervention (if cancer detected) was collected. Patients with upper GI cancers were followed to check for survival at 18 and 36 months. <h3>Results</h3> 404 patients had OGD in USC while 1538 patients via non-USC pathway. 25 Upper GI cancers were detected in USC and 18 in non-USC, out of which 28% (7) in USC and 27.7% (5) in non-USC cancers had curative intervention. Though USC pathway detected more cancers (6.2% of all OGDs performed) than non-USC (1.2%), there was no statistical significance in the detection of curative malignancies. At 18 months, 5 out of 7 patients who had curative treatment and 4 out of 18 with palliative approach survived in the USC group, while all 5 cured patients and 4 out of 13 palliated patients survived in the non-USC. At 3 years, five patients in the USC who had curative treatment (and survived at 18 months) along with two of the palliated patients were alive, while in the non-USC, four cured patients survived but all palliated patients died. Cox regression analysis did not find any statistically significant survival benefit between the two groups at 18- or 36-month follow-up (Kaplan-Meier survival curve attached). <h3>Conclusion</h3> ‘2-week rule’ for OGD in USC patients has no statistical advantage in detection of curative upper GI malignancies nor has survival benefit when compared with the non-USC referrals. Clarifying guidelines that would help detect ‘early’ cancers and resource diversion towards OGD surveillance in high-risk patients and creating public awareness are increasingly discussed as the only measures to improve survival in upper GI cancers.
TCTAP A-058 Stent Fenestration of the Atrial Septum in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Bagrat Alekyan, Manolis Pursanov, Sergey Gorbachevskiy, Anasthasia Tkacheva, Yuriy Kolcov, Gulam Dadabaev
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Does Cardiac Transplantation Significantly Prolong Life and Improve Its Quality?
Authors: ANTHONY F. GRAHAM, JOHN S. SCHROEDER, RANDALL B. GRIEPP, EDWARD B. STINSON, DONALD C. HARRISON
Journal: Circulation (1973)

The human cardiac transplant experience at the Stanford University Medical Center is presented in order to assess the current therapeutic role of this procedure. Of 47 patients undergoing transplantation from January 1968 to September 1972, 16 are currently alive. A total of 25 patients have survived longer than 3 months following surgery. Twenty of these returned to functional class I cardiac state and their previous activities, for a total of 25.6 patient-years. The current 1-year survival following cardiac transplantation in this series is similar to that for organ function after transplantation with cadaver renal allografts. In addition, functional and vocational rehabilitation are possible for critically ill patients following successful cardiac transplantation.
Direct Diagnosis of Myotonic Dystrophy with a Disease-Specific DNA Marker
Authors: Peggy Shelbourne, June Davies, Jessica Buxton, Maria Anvret, Elisabeth Blennow, Maryse Bonduelle, Eric Schmedding, Ian Glass, Richard Lindenbaum, Russell Lane, Robert Williamson, Keith Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Myotonic dystrophy is the most common inherited form of muscular dystrophy affecting adults. Its symptoms are not confined to muscle, and variability in their nature and in the patient's age at their onset can make diagnosis difficult. A specific unstable DNA sequence associated with myotonic dystrophy has recently been identified. We describe the use of a DNA probe (p5B1.4) that can detect this mutation directly, improving the accuracy and speed of diagnosis.
Risk Prediction Versus Diagnosis: Preserving Clinical Nuance in a Binary World
Authors: Andrew J. Vickers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters3 February 2009Risk Prediction Versus Diagnosis: Preserving Clinical Nuance in a Binary WorldAndrew J. Vickers, PhD, Ethan Basch, MD, and Michael Kattan, PhDAndrew J. Vickers, PhDFrom Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195.Search for more papers by this author, Ethan Basch, MDFrom Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195.Search for more papers by this author, and Michael Kattan, PhDFrom Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-3-200902030-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Warner, Dr. Djulbegovic, and Dr. Patrick each point to practical problems with a prediction approach. Dr. Warner concurs with a point we made in our article, which is that use of discrete categories (disease vs. no disease) simplifies clinical management and communication. We also agree with him that changes in medical education are needed to help physicians understand and communicate the results of risk prediction. A point of disagreement is that physicians' and patients' poor understanding of probabilities is a problem specific to the risk-prediction approach. For example, even if we use binary diagnostic categories, we would ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAgainst Diagnosis Andrew J. Vickers , Ethan Basch , and Michael W. Kattan Risk Prediction Versus Diagnosis: Preserving Clinical Nuance in a Binary World Jeremy L. Warner Risk Prediction Versus Diagnosis: Preserving Clinical Nuance in a Binary World Benjamin Djulbegovic Risk Prediction Versus Diagnosis: Preserving Clinical Nuance in a Binary World Gregory Patrick Risk Prediction Versus Diagnosis: Preserving Clinical Nuance in a Binary World Robert A. Swerlick Metrics 3 February 2009Volume 150, Issue 3Page: 224KeywordsArmed forcesConflicts of interestDecision makingDepressionHypertensionMedical educationMedical risk factorsMyocardial infarction ePublished: 3 February 2009 Issue Published: 3 February 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The six-minute-walk test better reflects the improvement in valve hemodynamics after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty for mitral stenosis
Authors: Jean Pierre Dery, Philippe Pibarot, Jean G. Dumesnil, Jean Jobin, Isabelle Laforest, Réjean Lamontagne, Martin Noël, Jean-Roch Boudreault
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The topical administration of rhEGF-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (rhEGF-NLC) improves healing in a porcine full-thickness excisional wound model
Authors: Garazi Gainza, Diego Celdran Bonafonte, Beatriz Moreno, José Javier Aguirre, Francisco Borja Gutierrez, Silvia Villullas, José Luis Pedraz, Manoli Igartua, Rosa Maria Hernandez
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Tumor-targeted Delivery of siRNA by Self-assembled Nanoparticles
Authors: Shyh-Dar Li, Yun-Ching Chen, Michael J Hackett, Leaf Huang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

We have developed a self-assembled nanoparticle (NP) that efficiently delivers small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the tumor by intravenous (IV) administration. The NP was obtained by mixing carrier DNA, siRNA, protamine, and lipids, followed by post-modification with polyethylene glycol and a ligand, anisamide. Four hours after IV injection of the formulation into a xenograft model, 70–80% of injected siRNA/g accumulated in the tumor, ∼10% was detected in the liver and ∼20% recovered in the lung. Confocal microscopy showed that fluorescent-labeled siRNA was efficiently delivered into the cytoplasm of the sigma receptor expressing NCI-H460 xenograft tumor by the targeted NPs, whereas free siRNA and non-targeted NPs showed little uptake. Three daily injections (1.2 mg/kg) of siRNA formulated in the targeted NPs silenced the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the tumor and induced ∼15% tumor cell apoptosis. Forty percent tumor growth inhibition was achieved by treatment with targeted NPs, while complete inhibition lasted for 1 week when combined with cisplatin. The serum level of liver enzymes and body weight monitoring during the treatment indicated a low level of toxicity of the formulation. The carrier itself also showed little immunotoxicity (IMT). We have developed a self-assembled nanoparticle (NP) that efficiently delivers small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the tumor by intravenous (IV) administration. The NP was obtained by mixing carrier DNA, siRNA, protamine, and lipids, followed by post-modification with polyethylene glycol and a ligand, anisamide. Four hours after IV injection of the formulation into a xenograft model, 70–80% of injected siRNA/g accumulated in the tumor, ∼10% was detected in the liver and ∼20% recovered in the lung. Confocal microscopy showed that fluorescent-labeled siRNA was efficiently delivered into the cytoplasm of the sigma receptor expressing NCI-H460 xenograft tumor by the targeted NPs, whereas free siRNA and non-targeted NPs showed little uptake. Three daily injections (1.2 mg/kg) of siRNA formulated in the targeted NPs silenced the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the tumor and induced ∼15% tumor cell apoptosis. Forty percent tumor growth inhibition was achieved by treatment with targeted NPs, while complete inhibition lasted for 1 week when combined with cisplatin. The serum level of liver enzymes and body weight monitoring during the treatment indicated a low level of toxicity of the formulation. The carrier itself also showed little immunotoxicity (IMT).