tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Pacemaker Failure
Authors: CHARLES N. LEACH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters1 March 1977Cardiac Pacemaker FailureCHARLES N. LEACH JR., M.D., MILTON J. SANDS JR., M.D., SCOTT GALLE, M.D.CHARLES N. LEACH JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MILTON J. SANDS JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SCOTT GALLE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-3-316 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptClose follow-up of implanted cardiac pacemakers allows safe complete use of battery life. Lead problems and untimely pacemaker component failure can be anticipated or identified, and corrected (1). Optimal frequency of follow-up remains a matter of debate, and various schedules are in use depending on pacemaker model and the patient's degree of pacemaker dependency (2, 3).The New Britain General Hospital Pacemaker Clinic follows 80 patients, 42 of whom have received the new Medtronic 5950* bipolar model since March 1975. Eight recent pacemaker failures have alerted us that closer follow-up must be instituted for pulse generators of this model (Table...References1. PARSONNETFURMANSMYTH VSN: Implantable cardiac pacemakers status report and resource guideline. Pacemaker study group. Circulation 50:A21-A35, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. ESCHER D: Follow-up of the patient with an implanted cardiac pacemaker. Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis 63:77-80, 1974 Google Scholar3. FURMANESCHERPARKER SJB: The pacemaker follow-up clinic. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 14:515-530, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cardiology Section New Britain General Hospital New Britain, CT 06050 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1977Volume 86, Issue 3Page: 316-317KeywordsHeart failureHeart rateHospitalsPacemakers Issue Published: 1 March 1977 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Neurosyphilis. A study of 241 patients
Authors: H. Hooshmand
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The diagnosis of neurosyphilis is difficult due to lack of an ideal infallible laboratory test, the obscurity of the clinical symptoms, the rising incidence of its atypical forms, and the well-known occurrence of nontreponemal seronegative neurosyphilis.<sup>1</sup> The incidence of neurosyphilis cannot be accurately assessed since venereal diseases remain vastly underreported. The problem has become more complicated by the fact that penicillin therapy in the first and second stages (infectious stages) of syphilis has altered the clinical picture of neurosyphilis.<sup>2</sup>The classical text book pictures of tabes dorsalis and general paresis of the insane (GPI) are becoming rare and seem to be replaced by atypical and in-between forms.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Diagnosis</h3> The diagnosis of neurosyphilis is based on clinical judgement. The serologic tests are useful in confirming the diagnosis of syphilis, but nontreponemal serologic tests for syphilis (STS) are not sensitive enough, and can be negative in late stages of
A modified treatment of bubonic plague
Authors: N. M. Hoang
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The treatment of plague during recent years has been fairly satisfactory. In general, a combination of streptomycin and a sulfonamide is used and in South Vietnam, where the disease is seen in increasing numbers, this treatment has been recommended by the Ministry of Health during the past five years. It is extremely important that the treatment be started in the very early stages of the disease in order to combat the initial bacteremia and associated toxemia. At the provincial hospital in Nha Trang, South Vietnam, patients with plague began to be admitted to the ward for infectious diseases in October 1967 in increasing numbers and increasing severity. The clinical diagnosis in many cases was confirmed by the demonstration of<i>Pasteurella pestis</i>in material obtained by aspiration from enlarged lymph glands. No cases of the pneumonic form of the disease were seen. Immediately after admission to the hospital,
Voltage-dependent and Ca2(+)-activated ion channels in human neutrophils.
Authors: K H Krause, M J Welsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

To investigate the regulation of membrane voltage and transmembrane ion fluxes in human neutrophils, we studied plasma membrane currents using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. We observed three distinct ion channel currents: (a) a voltage-dependent K+ current, (b) a Ca2(+)-activated K+ current, and (c) a Ca2(+)-activated Cl- current. The voltage-dependent K+ current was found in cells at rest. Its conductive properties suggested an inwardly rectifying channel. The channel was activated at membrane potentials more positive than -60 mV, suggesting that it may determine the resting membrane potential of neutrophils. Activation of neutrophils by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin led to an increase in whole-cell K+ and Cl- currents. The Ca2(+)-activated K+ channel differed from the voltage-dependent K+ channel because it was insensitive to voltage, because it rectified outwardly, and because the voltage-sensitive K+ channel was Ca2(+)-independent. The Ca2(+)-activated Cl- channel showed outward rectification and no apparent voltage dependency. The Ca2(+)-activated K+ and Cl- channels may play a role in cell volume homeostasis and/or cellular activation.
Industry Reimbursement for Entering Patients into Clinical Trials: Legal and Ethical Issues
Authors: David S. Shimm, Roy G. Spece
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Pharmaceutical manufacturers commonly contract with clinical investigators for pre-market testing of new products. The per-patient reimbursement offered to the investigator generally exceeds the per-patient costs incurred by the investigator. This excess represents a windfall that can be used to pay for travel, equipment, or supplies, or to fund research for which the investigator cannot obtain funding through peer-reviewed granting channels. This excess raises a potential conflict of interest, because it may lead the investigator to propose experimental treatment for a patient when the patient might be better served by conventional treatment or by no treatment at all. Not only does this situation pose a conflict of interest, it also is a conflict of which few patients are aware and fewer are informed. We propose that all experimental subjects be informed of the source, amount, and mechanism of funding for the experimental treatments they undergo. Further, we propose that payments from pharmaceutical manufacturers for pre-market testing of drugs go to the medical school dean rather than to the individual investigator. With this money, the dean can defray the direct as well as the indirect costs of the clinical study; the remainder, which would otherwise go directly to the investigator, should be placed in a funding pool for which the entire medical school could compete. This solution largely eliminates conflict of interest, addresses informed consent, and reasonably balances the interests of the experimental subject, the clinical investigator, the pharmaceutical manufacturer, and the academic institution.
IMPACT OF A SINGLE-VENTRICLE INTERSTAGE HOME MONITORING AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ON INTERSTAGE OUTCOMES AND RESOURCE UTILIZATION
Authors: David W. Brown, Pat O'Brien, Katie E. Cohen, Matthew Glynn, Terry Saia, Kimberlee Gauvreau, David Fulton, Frank Pigula, Kathy Jenkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Structural and Mutational Analyses of a CD8αβ Heterodimer and Comparison with the CD8αα Homodimer
Authors: Hsiu-Ching Chang, Kemin Tan, Jing Ouyang, Emilio Parisini, Jin-huan Liu, Yi Le, Xiasong Wang, Ellis L. Reinherz, Jia-huai Wang
Journal: Immunity (2005)
New law on consent will overload seriously ill patients
Authors: S. Sundar
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Injury remains the leading cause of childhood mortality and disability worldwide. This burden is greatest in communities of lower socioeconomic status (SES), especially in low and middle-income countries. Little appears known about injury outcomes in children in the context of equity. <h3>Objective</h3> To understand the burden of functional and health related quality of life outcomes in children after injury in relation to equity. <h3>Methods</h3> Key terms for intentional and unintentional injury were searched over 6 databases. Inclusion criteria focused records on injury research,&lt;16 years of age and observational studies with ≥3 outcome time points measured. PRISMA-E 2012 guidelines were followed, where a narrative base synthesis was applied to describe outcomes in the context of injury. PROGRESS-Plus and Equity Lens tools were used to examine the focus on equity in studies and outcomes, and the RTI Item Bank assessed the level of bias in articles. <h3>Findings</h3> A total of 3931 records were returned where screening resulted in 24 articles progressing to review. Most studies (88%) were conducted in high income countries, with a focus on traumatic brain injury (62.5%) and functional outcomes (56%). Preinjury functioning and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) measures were key indicators of postinjury outcomes. Longer hospitalization was linked to poorer functional and HRQoL outcomes. The majority (80%) of studies had not considered equity factors, limited studies reported on the connection of low SES and poor outcomes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Injury severity, longer hospitalisation and lower SES have a negative impact on injury recovery, reducing functional and HRQoL outcomes in children. Currently most outcome based injury research is conducted with a ‘privileged research lens’ excluding notions of health inequities, creating further population disparities and disadvantage. <h3>Policy implications</h3> Injury research agendas need reform, to focus research on improving health inequities and provide health gains for all children.
A Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of Mepolizumab in Patients with Moderate Persistent Asthma
Authors: Patrick Flood-Page, Cheri Swenson, Isidore Faiferman, John Matthews, Michael Williams, Lesley Brannick, Douglas Robinson, Sally Wenzel, William Busse, Trevor T. Hansel, Neil C. Barnes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Accumulation of eosinophils in the bronchial mucosa of individuals with asthma is considered to be a central event in the pathogenesis of asthma. In animal models, airway eosinophil recruitment and airway hyperresponsiveness in response to allergen challenge are reduced by specific targeting of interleukin-5. A previous small dose-finding study found that mepolizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody, had no effect on allergen challenge in humans.To investigate the effect of three intravenous infusions of mepolizumab, 250 or 750 mg at monthly intervals, on clinical outcome measures in 362 patients with asthma experiencing persistent symptoms despite inhaled corticosteroid therapy (400-1,000 mug of beclomethasone or equivalent).Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Morning peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, daily beta(2)-agonist use, symptom scores, exacerbation rates, and quality of life measures. Sputum eosinophil levels were also measured in a subgroup of 37 individuals. Mepolizumab was associated with a significant reduction in blood and sputum eosinophils in both treatment groups (blood, P < 0.001 for both doses; sputum, P = 0.006 for 250 mg and P = 0.004 for 750 mg). There were no statistically significant changes in any of the clinical end points measured. There was a nonsignificant trend for decrease in exacerbation rates in the mepolizumab 750-mg treatment group (P = 0.065).Mepolizumab treatment does not appear to add significant clinical benefit in patients with asthma with persistent symptoms despite inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of mepolizumab on exacerbation rates, using protocols specifically tailored to patients with asthma with persistent airway eosinophilia.
Treatment of skin swellings with C1‐inhibitor concentrate in patients with hereditary angio‐oedema
Authors: K. Bork, P. Staubach, J. Hardt
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Skin swellings are the most frequent symptoms in hereditary angio-oedema (HAE) arising out of C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency. They may be painful and impact daily activities of patients. Detailed clinical data concerning the treatment of skin swellings by C1-INH concentrate have not been reported yet.From 1976 through 2007, a total of 2104 skin-swelling attacks in 47 patients with HAE were treated with the C1-INH concentrate. Time to relief and duration of the swellings were documented during personal interviews using standardized questionnaires. The results were compared with 9046 untreated skin swellings in the same patients.The first clinical sign of efficacy was a slowdown of progress of symptoms accompanied by a decreased feeling of tension and pain in the swollen area. The mean time to the first relief of symptoms was 1.1 +/- 1.4 h in treated skin swellings and 50.4 +/- 33 h in untreated skin swellings. Improvement of facial skin swellings took longer than swellings of the extremities, genitals or trunk. The duration of treated skin swellings was 1.7 day in treated and 3.2 day in untreated ones. In treated swellings, there was long-lasting control and no rebound within the 48 h following the drug administration and no laryngeal oedema following facial oedema were observed. No severe side-effects occurred.The C1-INH concentrate has proven to be highly effective and safe for treating skin swellings in patients with HAE arising out of C1-INH deficiency.
PRECIPITATE AFTER BENEDICT'S TEST
Authors: Victor C. Myers
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have just read the first two queries and answers inThe Journal, April 12, page 1218. Regarding the second query, "White Precipitate in Urine after Benedict Test," I believe the difficulty is that the doctor has employed Benedict's quantitative reagent instead of the qualitative reagent, and this is the reason for his obtaining a chalk white precipitate. I have seen a number fall into this error. Regarding the first query, on "Diacetic Acid and Acetone in Alkaline Urine," ketosis is by no means incompatible with an alkalosis, although ketosis is the cause of the acidosis in diabetes. It is perfectly possible by the administration of sodium bicarbonate to produce a condition of alkalosis, but this does not relieve the ketosis and consequently acetone continues to be eliminated despite the fact that the urine may be alkaline. In the April<i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, Myers and Booher
Progress in Leprosy
Authors: Ward E. Bullock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

There are several reasons why one would choose not to study leprosy, and therein lies a particular misfortune for approximately 12,000,000 people of the world population who have Hansen's disease. The human leprosy bacillus is a "slow" bacterium with a generation time estimated to be no less than 12 to 13 days even in the logarithmic phase of growth.1 Growth of Mycobacterium leprae is so slow that it is often impossible to establish sources of infection or portals of entry since an average of three to four years may elapse between infection and the first manifestation of disease. The clinical . . .
Genes encoding pancreatic polypeptide and neuropeptide Y are on human chromosomes 17 and 7.
Authors: T Takeuchi, D L Gumucio, T Yamada, M H Meisler, C D Minth, J E Dixon, R E Eddy, T B Shows
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Pancreatic polypeptide and neuropeptide Y share 50% amino acid homology (18 out of 36 residues), suggesting that they may have common ancestral origins. cDNA clones complementary to human mRNAs encoding pancreatic polypeptide and neuropeptide Y were used to detect specific human genomic DNA sequences in human-mouse somatic cell hybrid lines. The pancreatic polypeptide gene (PPY) segregated with human chromosome 17, while the neuropeptide Y gene (NPY) segregated with human chromosome 7. Examination of cell hybrids with chromosomal rearrangements assigned PPY to the p11.1-qter region and NPY to the pter-q22 region of their respective chromosomes.
ENTERITIS IN TOURISTS
Authors: Kermit H. Gruberg
Journal: JAMA (1952)

To the Editor:—  InThe Journal, Sept. 22, 1951, page 358, there appeared a query and answer on enteritis in American tourists in Mexico. I should like to comment on the subject of enteritis in American tourists in general.  I have been living in Italy for two years and have come in contact with many American tourists, traveling businessmen, and students. I have yet to encounter any who have been intelligently informed on the subject of protecting their health while in Italy. There is apparently no existing means to orient the ordinary citizen who happens to be traveling abroad. Of course, he can ferret out such information from various sources on his own initiative, but I imagine it is a rare traveler who does so. The protective agency for the private citizen should be his own physician, who should advise him about immunizations, the potability of water, what to eat,
ENHANCED STENT IMAGING IMPROVES THE DIAGNOSIS OF STENT UNDEREXPANSION AND OPTIMIZES STENT DEPLOYMENT
Authors: Elias Sanidas, Akiko Maehara, Ravit Barkama, Ariel Hidalgo, Diaa Hakim, Varinder Singh, LeRoy Rabbani, Roxana Mehran, Diana Wong, Gary S. Mintz, Gregg W. Stone, Martin B. Leon, Jeffrey W. Moses, Giora Weisz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Transplacental Transfer of Influenza Virus
Authors: David H. Yawn
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Transplacental passage of virus occurred in a fatal case of influenza during the last trimester of pregnancy. The influenza virus (A2/Hong Kong/8/68) was identified in numerous extrapulmonary maternal tissues, amniotic fluid, and fetal heart. The maternal extrapulmonary tissues, fetal tissues, and placenta were free of any morphological abnormality which could be attributed to virus infection.
Health Education Authority in a time of adversity
Authors: S. Hagard
Journal: BMJ (1989)

so.In the presence of a septic or non-septic complication (for example, deep venous throm- bosis) the C reactive protein concentration either failed to fall exponentially as part of the normal response to trauma or rose again to a second peak.Hence an isolated raised C reactive protein measurement, say on the eighth postoperative day, could well be part of the normal response to trauma rather than an indication of a possible complication (for example, deep venous thrombosis).If these patients have serial postoperative measurements of C reactive protein then the normal response to trauma can be analysed, and should a second peak occur it can thus be interpreted as a sign of a possible complication.This fact, coupled with clinical suspicion of deep venous thrombosis, may help in selecting patients who will need a confirmatory phlebogram.
Bee venom immunotherapy – how early is it effective?
Authors: A. Goldberg, R. Confino‐Cohen
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Although the effectiveness of venom immunotherapy (VIT) in bee venom (BV) allergy has been well established over the past 30 years, no previous study has demonstrated its efficacy immediately after reaching the maintenance dose (MD). We examined the effectiveness of bee VIT within a week after the MD was achieved.Bee venom allergic patients underwent conventional or rush VIT. Within 1 week after reaching the 100 microg MD, patients were challenged with a live bee sting.Seventy-nine of 107 patients (73.8%) who reached the MD agreed to be challenged. Seventy patients (88.6%) tolerated the sting uneventfully. Four patients (5.1%) developed a very mild local transient rash and continued to receive the 100 microg MD. In five patients (6.3%), the sting resulted in a mild-moderate systemic reaction. In four of these, the MD was increased to 200-250 microg. All four patients uneventfully tolerated a repeated sting that was performed within 1 week after achieving the increased MD in three patients and after 14 months in the fourth patient.Bee VIT is effective in most patients immediately after the conventional MD has been reached. In the minority of patients who are not protected with this dose, an increased MD will provide appropriate protection immediately after it is achieved. Thus, the dosage of the MD seems to be the major factor affecting protection from re-stings rather than the accumulated venom dose or the duration on the MD.
Nurses for Reform
Authors: T. Cave
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The immunological basis of the inflammatory response in the lungs of patients with pneumonitis after bone marrow transplantation has been investigated by means of bronchoalveolar lavage. Ten episodes of pneumonitis associated with cytomegalovirus and nine episodes due to various other infectious and non-infectious causes were investigated in 16 patients (three patients had two episodes of pneumonitis). Total lavage cell counts and differential cell counts were determined and compared with results from normal control subjects. In most patients with pneumonitis the total cell yield was greater than normal (mean 6.8 (SD 6.0) x 10(5) cells/ml; normal 1-2 x 10(5) cells/ml). The percentage distribution of these cells was 71.9 (17) macrophage like cells, 24.1 (15.8) lymphocytes, 5.0 (5.0) polymorphonuclear cells, and 0.7 (1.0) eosinophils. None of the patients had peripheral lymphocytosis despite the increased number of lymphocytes in the lavage fluid. Further analysis of the lymphocyte population using monoclonal antibodies with immunocytochemical techniques showed that B cells were generally present in normal proportions, whereas the proportion of cells expressing T lymphocyte markers (CD2+, CD5+, CD8) were reduced in nine out of 19 cases. In 10 of the 19 episodes there were substantial numbers of cells expressing none of the B or T cell antigens studied ("null" cells). These abnormalities bore no relation to survival. The total cell yield, the proportion and number of lymphocytes, and the proportion and number of T cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were all lower in the group with cytomegalovirus infections than in those with pneumonitis from other causes. These results suggest that the pneumonitis in recipients of bone marrow transplants is associated with a local immune response despite the fact that the individuals are otherwise immunosuppressed.