tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
COPPER AND COBALT RELATED HEMOGLOBIN PRODUCTION IN EXPERIMENTAL ANEMIA
Authors: F. S. Robscheit-Robbins, G. H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

Copper added to a standard diet often effects a moderate increase in hemoglobin production in anemia due to blood loss. The copper response is quite irregular in contrast to the iron response. In these dogs there is no lack of copper held in reserve stores (liver and spleen) so the reaction is not related to an actual deficiency of the element. An effect upon enzyme complexes related to globin and hemoglobin production is to be considered. Cobalt under similar conditions causes no stimulus to hemoglobin production, rather an inhibitory effect when more than minimal doses are given. The claim that cobalt causes a polycythemia in dogs receives no support from our experiments.
ACUTE ASEPTIC MENINGITIS
Authors: A. L. K. Rankin
Journal: BMJ (1932)

ACUTE ASEPTIC MENINGITISTMfEBRIRISN to proteose isolated from a case of urticaria (Table IV).Thus, a total of six proteoses, obtained from conditions specified by Oriel as giving positive reaction to proteose isolated from the homologous urine, failed to give any reaction in the patients from whom they were isolated.This is particularly striking in Cases xii and xv, in which the proteose nitrogen formed a remarkably high percentage of the whole.The peculiarity of " urinary proteose " with regard to the skin seems to lie, not in its specificity in certain conditions, but in its property of producing a local inflammatory reaction of considerable intensity in a proportion of individuals.The significance of this reaction must be interpreted cautiously, and at present no explanation for its occurrence can be offered.
Mechanical debulking versus balloon angioplasty for the treatment of true bifurcation lesions
Authors: Harold L. Dauerman, Peter J. Higgins, Anthony M. Sparano, C.Michael Gibson, Gary R. Garber, Joseph P. Carrozza, Richard E. Kuntz, Roger J. Laham, Samuel J. Shubrooks, Donald S. Baim, David J. Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
PET Scan
Authors: Annet Westers-Attema, Joep C. J. M. Veraart, Cécile D. J. M. de Pont, Rémy L. M. Mostard, Stefan A. Voo, Marinus J. P. G. van Kroonenburgh, Marjolein Drent
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology characterized by the formation of noncaseating epithelioid-cell granulomas. We present a black female patient with severe cutaneous and systemic sarcoidosis. In the diagnostic work-up a F-18 FDG PET scan demonstrated the extensiveness of the disease. The scan was combined with a low-dose CT for attenuation correction and improvement of the localization of the identified abnormalities. The presented case showed that F-18 FDG PET scan is useful not only in the diagnostic work-up and the assessment of the extent of sarcoidosis activity but also in the follow-up.
Absence of prolonged benefit of initial leukapheresis therapy for hairy cell leukemia
Authors: Harvey M. Golomb, Eric H. Kraut, David L. Oviatt, Edward J. Prendergast, Richard S. Stein, Donald L. Sweet
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1983)

Abstract Four patients with the leukemic phase of hairy cell leukemia were treated with leukapheresis. Two patients failed to respond, and the other two had only transient responses; hematologic improvement lasted one month in one case and four months in the second. The patient with a four‐month response underwent a second series of leukapheresis resulting in a response lasting at least 8 months. Two of the four patients subsequently had an adequate trial of prolonged chlorambucil therapy and continued to have a clinical response. We conclude that leukapheresis has little to offer to the majority of hairy cell patients for the long‐term management of post‐splenectomy patients who develop the leukemic phase. However, an occasional patient can have a transient, and even, rarely, a prolonged response.
Managing Small Thyroid Cancers
Authors: Ernest L. Mazzaferri
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Deaths from elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm fall to new low
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The death rate in England from elective surgery to repair abdominal aortic aneurysms fell to 1.6% (three deaths from 190 operations) in 2011-12, the first year during which most men who turned 65 were offered screening.1 Before the screening programme was introduced in 2008 the death rate from elective repairs in the United Kingdom was 7.5%, the highest in Europe.

An audit published in February by the Vascular Society of Great Britain and Ireland found that in 2009-10 the death rate after elective surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysms was 2.4% (197 deaths among 8380 patients treated).2

The latest figures have come from the national abdominal …
Challenging the ‘F’ word: redefining failure in medical careers
Authors: Carl Gray
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Few doctors pass all their examinations first time, take their first choice of jobs at each stage, marry the perfect partner for them, and have 12 perfect children. None will continuously deliver high quality care to universally grateful patients before dying of joy after receiving the Monarch's congratulations on his or her 100th birthday. Outside fantasy medicine, no doctor will ever achieve 100% success in any activity, and if they do their evidence base needs careful validating by kindly yet sceptical peers.

Into every life a little rain must fall, and for the opposite of success we think of failure: “I was unsuccessful,” “He failed to meet the standard required,” “But you are a failure.” Unlike the dodo, which is extinct, pandas, which fail to perform in captivity, and tigers, which are threatened, humans are not a failing species. Human ingenuity generally adapts to difficulties of habitat and medical practice. Unlike Cummings' Uncle Sol, no one is born a failure, and “Nobody loses all the time.”

Yet perception of failure and failing is common in trainees and trainers. The philosophy of failure has received little attention in medicine. More than sex or money, failure is the taboo that dare not speak its name abroad. But changes are afoot. Soon, the new emphasis on continuous assessment in training will enable us to slay the ancient dragon of categorical failure and embrace the shy maiden of progressive success.

Of course, admiration of heroic failure is part of the national character. We have had much experience of royal, sporting, and military failures over the years. Traditionally, we admire the playing of the game by the rules rather than the outcome. The late polar explorer Captain Scott was admired for his heroic failure, whereas the successful polar traveller, Amundsen, was reviled for not winning …
748-6 Clinical Evaluation of Myocardial Viability Early after Coronary Reperfusion Using Dual SPECT Imaging of 201 TI and 123 I-BMIPP
Authors: Tatsuo Ito, Jun Tanouchi, Miwa Miyawaki, Junji Kato, Toshikazu Morioka, Masami Nishino, Kunimitsu Iwai, Hideo Tanahashi, Yoshio Yamada, Hiroshi Abe.
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
THE MODULATING INFLUENCE OF CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES UPON LYMPHOCYTE-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY
Authors: Terry B. Strom, Charles B. Carpenter, Marvin R. Garovoy, K. Frank Austen, John P. Merrill, Michael Kaliner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

The capacity of allosensitized thymus-derived lymphocytes to destroy target cells bearing donor alloantigens is modulated by the cellular levels of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. Increases in the cyclic AMP levels of attacking lymphocytes by stimulation with prostaglandin E(1), isoproterenol, and cholera toxin inhibit lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity; whereas, depletion of cyclic AMP with imidazole enhances cytotoxicity. The augmentation of cytotoxicity produced by cholinergic stimulation with carbamylcholine is not associated with alterations in cyclic AMP levels and is duplicated by 8-bromo-cyclic GMP. The effects of activators of adenylate cyclase, cholinomimetic agents, and 8-bromocyclic GMP are upon the attacking and not the target cells and occur at the time of initial interaction of attacking and target cells. Indeed, the level of cyclic nucleotide (cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP) at the time of initial cell-to-cell interaction determines the extent of cytotoxicity.
Use of placebo in studies of postoperative vomiting is unethical
Authors: A. K Adams
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Minerva refers to a paper quoting an incidence of postoperative vomiting of 22% despite the use of an antiemetic drug and describes this as “a depressingly high figure.”1 2 I agree, but I find even more depressing the fact that researchers in 1996, with the consent of ethics committees, should think it justifiable to use placebos in a study of this nature.

The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, when no measures are …
17β-Estradiol Prevents Dysfunction of Canine Coronary Endothelium and Myocardium and Reperfusion Arrhythmias After Brief Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Young D. Kim, Barbara Chen, John Beauregard, Peter Kouretas, George Thomas, Michel Y. Farhat, Adam K. Myers, David E. Lees
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Brief myocardial ischemia is associated with myocardial and coronary endothelial dysfunction caused by oxygen free radicals released during reperfusion. Estrogen, known to have antioxidant activity, may prevent these complications.We assessed the effect of 2 weeks of treatment with 17 beta-estradiol (E, 100 micrograms.kg-1.d-1, n = 12) or placebo (P, n = 15) on myocardial and coronary endothelial function during the first 2 hours of reperfusion in dogs subjected to 15 minutes of ischemia induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Our results show that the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias significantly decreased in E (3 of 12) compared with P (11 of 15). Systolic shortening, significantly depressed in P during early reperfusion, was maintained at preischemic levels in E. During reperfusion, the increase in LAD flow to acetylcholine, attenuated in P (60 +/- 6%), was preserved in E endothelium. (151 +/- 28%) and was associated with increased serum nitrite/nitrate concentration. n-Pentane in exhaled gas in vivo, an index of lipid peroxidation, increased significantly during early reperfusion in P (from 9.1 +/- 1.9 to 41.6 +/- 13.0 ppb, P < .05) but not in E (23.0 +/- 6.9 ppb). In vitro, arterial segments from E generated significantly less superoxide anion after hypoxia/reoxygenation than those from P. Ischemic/reperfused LAD segments from E also revealed a better preservation of endothelium-dependent relaxation in vitro (maximum relaxation, 42 +/- 4% versus 24 +/- 4% in P; P < .05).Estrogen protects against endothelial and myocardial dysfunction resulting from brief ischemia/reperfusion. This protection may relate to an antioxidant effect of estrogen.
Mite and pet allergen levels in homes of children born to allergic and nonallergic parents: the PIAMA study.
Authors: Rob T van Strien, Laurens P Koopman, Marjan Kerkhof, Jack Spithoven, Johan C de Jongste, Jorrit Gerritsen, Herman J Neijens, Rob C Aalberse, Henriette A Smit, Bert Brunekreef
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) study is a birth cohort study that investigates the influence of allergen exposure on the development of allergy and asthma in the first several years of life. The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between a family history of allergy and/or asthma and exposure of newborn children to mite and pet allergen and to study the influence of different home and occupant characteristics on mite allergen exposure. Dust was sampled from the child's mattress and the parental mattress at 3 months after birth of the index child and analyzed for mite and pet allergens. Subjects were divided in groups according to history of asthma and allergy in their parents, and allergen exposure was studied in the different groups. Cat allergen exposure was significantly lower on parental mattresses in families with allergic mothers, but dog allergen exposure was not different. Mite allergen exposure was lower on parental mattresses in families with allergic mothers. Use of mite allergen-impermeable mattress covers reduced mite allergen exposure. Some other characteristics such as age of home and mattress were also found to influence mite allergen exposure. Parental mattresses in homes of allergic mothers had lower cat and mite (but not dog) allergen loadings than mattresses in homes of nonallergic parents. Paternal (as opposed to maternal) allergy seemed to have little influence.
A British Medical Association Lecture on CORONARY OCCLUSION
Authors: C. Bramwell
Journal: BMJ (1930)

deficiency in the body, the resistance to inifectioni of this type is greatly dimiiiished.It is obviously necessary-that this work'3 shouild be repeated on a larger scale an(d extended to the treatment of other infectiVe conditions, for its practical importance, if established, cannot be exaggerated.W'hat value these ressults, if estahlished, m11ay have to medical ien in Africa is for youto determine.Tlhev may
Mutations in NNT encoding nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase cause familial glucocorticoid deficiency
Authors: Eirini Meimaridou, Julia Kowalczyk, Leonardo Guasti, Claire R Hughes, Florian Wagner, Peter Frommolt, Peter Nürnberg, Nicholas P Mann, Ritwik Banerjee, H Nurcin Saka, J Paul Chapple, Peter J King, Adrian J L Clark, Louise A Metherell
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
The James D. Bruce Memorial Lecture: Viruses, Common Colds and Cancer.
Authors: Robert J. Huebner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964The James D. Bruce Memorial Lecture: Viruses, Common Colds and Cancer.Robert J. Huebner, M.D.Robert J. Huebner, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-733_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBoth colds and cancers are traditionally regarded as cryptic entities almost transcending normal biologic concepts and requiring national foundations and "categorical" approaches for their eventual solution. Holy crusades to find the causes of these illnesses have invoked hypotheses from every source except the Delphic oracle and Macbeth's witches' cauldron; strange and often wonderful, they have furnished many interesting answers, but up to now no real solutions for either colds or cancers.It now appears that viruses cause not only colds, but also certain cancers. To this extent they are simply infectious diseases, definable biologic entities subject to methods of inquiry... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bethesda, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 733-733KeywordsBiologicsCommon coldInfectious diseases Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Lost Opportunity in Otherwise Useful Contribution
Authors: Albert N. Martins
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In March 1973, Skinhøj and Strandgaard<sup>1</sup>presented evidence that cerebral blood flow increases during hypertensive encephalopathy. Cerebral hyperperfusion that attends acutely elevated blood pressure was assumed to be secondary to a "breakthrough" of normal autoregulatory control of cerebral blood flow. Excessive cerebral blood flow may cause brain edema, which can explain the brain dysfunction of patients with acutely elevated blood pressure. An editorial in the following issue of<i>The Lancet</i><sup>2</sup>served to emphasize the importance of this information. It has been widely assumed that the cerebral symptoms of hypertensive encephalopathy are due to vasoconstriction and a subsequent reduction in cerebral blood flow. As the<i>Lancet</i>editorial noted, little convincing evidence supports this long-held assumption. Therefore, it was with surprise and disappointment that I read Dr. Frank Finnerty's commentary (229:1479, 1974) on the emergency management of hypertensive crises, in which he explained the signs of hypertensive
L-arginine reduces heart collagen accumulation in the diabetic db/db mouse.
Authors: A Khaidar, M Marx, B Lubec, G Lubec
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Diabetic cardiomyopathy presents with significant collagen accumulation; decreased solubility, increased glucose-mediated abnormal cross-linking, free radical cross-linking, or glucose-induced increased transcription of collagen is incriminated. In a previous study, we reduced collagen accumulation in the kidneys of diabetic mice by treatment with oral arginine. This observation led us to examine the effect of arginine on cardial fibrosis.Twenty-nine db/db spontaneously diabetic mice were used in the experiments. Sixteen were given L-arginine (free base, in tap water, 50 mg/kg body wt per day) for 4 months. At the end of the experiment, we determined total collagen content of total ventricular tissue, acid solubility, carboxymethyllysine, O-tyrosine, glutathione, blood glucose, and fructosamine as parameters for glycemic control. Heart collagen level was significantly (P = .0001) reduced in the experimental group (mean, 0.24 +/- 0.05) compared with the control group (mean, 0.49 +/- 0.10 mumol hydroxyproline per 100 mg heart tissue). Significantly more collagen could be eluted from heart samples of the experimental group (P = .02). Carboxymethyllysine and O-tyrosine did not differ when related to heart weight. Glutathione level was significantly higher in the untreated group (P = .003). Parameters of glycemic control did not differ between the groups.Our findings clearly indicate that L-arginine reduced total heart collagen and increased acid solubility of heart collagen. Both findings are compatible with the cross-linking hypothesis. The data for carboxymethyllysine, O-tyrosine, and glutathione would rule out the glycoxidation hypothesis and, therefore, free radical cross-linking. The postulated mechanism of action is most likely the blocking of reactive carbonyl functions by L-arginine in analogy to aminoguanidine activity. Correlations of collagen with glycemic control, however, point to an association of glucose with collagen metabolism, a phenomenon documented in cell cultures at the transcriptional level.
Rimonabant may induce atrial fibrillation
Authors: G. Cocco, D. Chu
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Rimonabant is a selective cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker that has been shown to reduce weight and improve several cardiovascular risk factors in obese patients.1 2 3 4 In 2004 an editorial stated that rimonabant was “promising in the prevention of cardiovascular events in obese patients.”5 In a review article, although the frequent occurrence of psychiatric adverse events was mentioned, rimonabant was still recommended in the treatment of overweight patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in whom lifestyle changes are not sufficiently effective. 6 7 The drug was recently withdrawn by the European Medicines Agency (www.nice.org.uk/TA144), but it is likely to remain available over the counter and through the internet. We report two cases of atrial fibrillation in overweight patients treated with rimonabant.

Both patients were unable to reduce their body weight with lifestyle interventions and their physicians prescribed 20 mg/day rimonabant.

### Case 1

During the first two weeks of therapy the patient reported mild nausea and insomnia; after four weeks he had lost 1.9 kg; and after five weeks he reported palpitations, fatigue, and exertional dyspnoea. Examination was unremarkable apart from atrial fibrillation with ventricular rate between 98 and 135 beats/min. Thyroid function tests and electrolyte serum values were normal. Serum glucose was slightly increased and the concentration of free fatty acids was high (42.8 g/100 g). …
Epidemiologic study on survival of chronic myeloid leukemia and Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with BCR-ABL T315I mutation
Authors: Franck E. Nicolini, Michael J. Mauro, Giovanni Martinelli, Dong-Wook Kim, Simona Soverini, Martin C. Müller, Andreas Hochhaus, Jorge Cortes, Charles Chuah, Inge H. Dufva, Jane F. Apperley, Fumiharu Yagasaki, Jay D. Pearson, Senaka Peter, Cesar Sanz Rodriguez, Claude Preudhomme, Francis Giles, John M. Goldman, Wei Zhou
Journal: Blood (2009)
Intervening in ageing to prevent the diseases of ageing
Authors: Linda Partridge
Journal: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (2014)

Increases in human lifespan worldwide have revealed that advancing age is the predominant risk factor for major life-threatening diseases. Recent work has shown that ageing in diverse animals, including humans, is malleable to specific types of genetic mutation, diet, and drugs that can extend lifespan and improve health during ageing. These findings point to the prospect of broad-spectrum preventive medicine for the diseases of ageing based on intervention in relevant aspects of the ageing process itself.
Late Results in Transthoracic Herniotomies
Authors: T. Cl. Gertz, J. E. P. M. Regout, G. Thomsen
Journal: Thorax (1951)

The late results after surgical treatment of hiatus hernia are scarcely commented upon in the literature, and most re-examinations do not state if radiological examinations have been performed on all the patients during the period of follow-up.We find this to be indispensable.The purpose of this investigation has been to assess the late results in a group of patients suffering from hiatus hernia, all of whom were treated surgically and re-examined both clinically and radiologically.Our indications for surgery in hiatus hernia do not differ from those usually stated in the literature.According to the latest contributions the congenital sliding on July 15,
Intranasal fluticasone propionate provided greater relief compared to oral montelukast for nasal congestion and other daytime and evening nasal symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: B.G. Martin, C.P. Andrews, J.H. van Bavel, F.C. Hampel, E.E. Philpot, C.A. Baidoo, K.A. Rickard
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
PROMUS STENT TREATMENT OF CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS USING TWO DIFFERENT RECANALIZATION TECHNIQUES IN JAPAN– J–PROCTOR REGISTRY: A MULTICENTER REGISTRY TO EVALUATE CLINICAL OUTCOME OF DRUG ELUTING STENT IN SUBINTIMAL AREA AFTER CTO REVASCULARIZATION USING ANTEGRADE OR RETROGRADE APPROACH
Authors: Toshiya Muramatsu, Etsuo Tsuchikane, Yuji Oikawa, Satoru Otsuji, Tsutomu Fujita, Masahiko Ochiai, Tomohiro Kawasaki, Mitsunori Abe, Masami Sakurada, Koichi Kishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)