tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ABC of complementary medicine: The manipulative therapies: osteopathy and chiropractic
Authors: A. Vickers, C. Zollman
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Osteopathy and chiropractic share a common origin. Their roots can be found in folk traditions of “bone setting,” and both were systematised in the late 19th century in the United States: Daniel D Palmer, the founder of chiropractic, is said to have met with Andrew Taylor Still, the founder of osteopathy, before setting up his own school The therapies remain relatively similar, and many textbooks and journals are relevant to both. The term “manipulative therapy” refers to both osteopathy and chiropractic.



High velocity thrust delivered by a levered thrust, the technique usually used by osteopaths



Osteopathy and chiropractic are therapies of the musculoskeletal system: practitioners work with bones, muscles, and connective tissue, using their hands to diagnose and treat abnormalities of structure and function.



High velocity thrust given as a direct thrust on the spine, as favoured by chiropractors



The best known technique is the “high velocity thrust,” a short, sharp motion usually applied to the spine. This manoeuvre is designed to release structures with a restricted range of movement. High velocity thrusts often produce the sound of joint “cracking,” which is associated with manipulative therapy. There are various methods of delivering a high velocity thrust. Chiropractors are more likely to push on vertebrae with their hands, whereas osteopaths tend use the limbs to make levered thrusts. That said, osteopathic and chiropractic techniques are converging, and much of their therapeutic repertoire is shared.

Practitioners also use a range of soft tissue techniques that do not involve high velocity thrusts. For example, the “muscle energy techniques”(known as “proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation” by physiotherapists) make use of post-isometric relaxation to increase restricted ranges of movement.



Chiropractors and osteopaths may use soft tissue techniques to increase a joint's range of movement or relieve muscular spasm



Osteopaths and chiropractors may also use what are termed …
PET/CT Localization of Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Neoplasm Causing Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Michael C. Roarke, Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), also known as oncogenic osteomalacia (OO), is a rare syndrome characterized by muscle and bone pain, osteomalacia, low serum 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D, hypophosphatemia, and hyperphosphaturia. This syndrome is caused by a phosphaturic hormone-secreting mesenchymal neoplasm, which is usually benign but often occult. Since excision of the tumor is curative, preoperative tumor localization is essential. However, despite the many radiologic and scintigraphic imaging techniques available, such localization remains a challenge in many cases. We report a case of tumor-induced osteomalacia in which PET-CT successfully localized the occult mesenchymal neoplasm after multiple other imaging tests failed.
Clinical Trial of Mefruside, a New Diuretic
Authors: W. H. R. Auld, W. R. Murdoch
Journal: BMJ (1971)

A controlled clinical trial of a new diuretic—mefruside—is reported, in which it was compared with frusemide in 15 normal subjects and 15 patients with fluid retention. It was found to be an effective diuretic which, in the patients, produced a significantly greater excretion of water and electrolytes than an equal dose of frusemide. Its smooth prolonged action, maximal in the first 12 hours, made it of particular value for maintenance therapy. In a short-term trial on a further 15 hypertensive patients mefruside was shown to have a useful hypotensive action. The drug was well tolerated with minimal side effects.
THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH.
Authors: L. EMMETT HOLT
Journal: JAMA (1904)

How did Mr. Rockefeller come to be interested in medical research, is a question that has often been asked, and its answer may well serve as an introduction to our remarks. Several years ago a close personal friend first suggested this as an important field in philanthropy and one as yet wholly neglected in this country. The discovery of diphtheria antitoxin made a deep impression on his mind. He was much interested in this great achievement and in its beneficent results, and it was the presentation of the facts connected with this discovery, with the explanation of the steps by which it was reached, which I think finally crystallized his thought to establish an institute the purpose of which should be to further such beneficent work for humanity. Once convinced of the need, the next question was, Could such work as this be done in this country? Mr. Rockefeller was
Epidemiologic Evidence on the Health Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)
Authors: Kyle Steenland, Tony Fletcher, David A. Savitz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

OBJECTIVE AND SOURCES: We reviewed the epidemiologic literature for PFOA.Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) does not occur naturally but is present in the serum of most residents of industrialized countries (U.S. median, 4 ng/mL). Drinking water is the primary route of exposure in some populations, but exposure sources are not well understood. PFOA has been used to manufacture such products as Gore-Tex and Teflon. PFOA does not break down in the environment; the human half-life is estimated at about 3 years. PFOA is not metabolized in the body; it is not lipophilic. PFOA is not directly genotoxic; animal data indicate that it can cause several types of tumors and neonatal death and may have toxic effects on the immune, liver, and endocrine systems. Data on the human health effects of PFOA are sparse. There is relatively consistent evidence of modest positive associations with cholesterol and uric acid, although the magnitude of the cholesterol effect is inconsistent across different exposure levels. There is some but much less consistent evidence of a modest positive correlation with liver enzymes. Most findings come from cross-sectional studies, limiting conclusions. Two occupational cohort studies do not provide consistent evidence for chronic disease; both are limited by sample size and reliance on mortality data. Reproductive data have increased recently but are inconsistent, and any observed adverse effects are modest.Epidemiologic evidence remains limited, and to date data are insufficient to draw firm conclusions regarding the role of PFOA for any of the diseases of concern.
Intraoperative Scintigraphic Localization of the Nidus of Osteoid Osteoma
Authors: MARY JANE ELLISON, LISA ISSAC, WILLIAM I. SMITH, ROBERT J. DONOFRIO, ELLIOTT H. TURBINER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Intraoperative bone scan has been effective in localizing the nidus of osteoid osteoma. Its successful use with a portable gamma camera is described.
Molecular Pathology and CXCR4 Expression in Surgically Excised Retinal Hemangioblastomas Associated with von Hippel–Lindau Disease
Authors: Xiaoling Liang, Defen Shen, Yongsheng Huang, Chunyue Yin, Christine M. Bojanowski, Zhengping Zhuang, Chi-Chao Chan
Journal: Ophthalmology (2006)
Increased BCR responsiveness in B cells from patients with chronic GVHD
Authors: Jessica L. Allen, Prasanthi V. Tata, Matthew S. Fore, Jenna Wooten, Sharmistha Rudra, Allison M. Deal, Andrew Sharf, Todd Hoffert, Philip A. Roehrs, Thomas C. Shea, Jonathan S. Serody, Kristy L. Richards, Madan Jagasia, Stephanie J. Lee, David Rizzieri, Mitchell E. Horwitz, Nelson J. Chao, Stefanie Sarantopoulos
Journal: Blood (2014)
Magnetocardiographic Rhythm Patterns at Initiation and Termination of Fetal Supraventricular Tachycardia
Authors: R.T. Wakai, J.F. Strasburger, Z. Li, B.J. Deal, N.L. Gotteiner
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Using fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG), we characterize for the first time the electrophysiological patterns of initiation and termination of reentrant fetal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), the most common form of life-threatening fetal arrhythmia. Methods and Results— In contrast to the expectation that reentrant SVT is initiated by spontaneous premature atrial contractions (PACs) and is terminated by spontaneous block, 5 distinct patterns of initiation and 4 patterns of termination were documented, with the most common patterns of initiation involving reentrant PACs. Waveform morphology and timing, including QRS and ventriculoatrial interval, were assessed. This enabled detection of such phenomena as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, QRS aberrancy, and multiple reentrant pathways that were crucial for defining the rhythm patterns. In addition, fMCG actocardiography revealed an unexpectedly strong association between fetal trunk movement and the initiation and termination of SVT, suggesting that autonomic influences play a key role. Conclusions— This study demonstrates that the patterns of initiation and termination of fetal SVT are more diverse than is generally believed and that the most common patterns of initiation involve reentrant PACs. The ability to discern such patterns can help elucidate the underlying mechanisms and guide antiarrhythmic drug therapy. fMCG provides a noninvasive means of analyzing complex tachyarrhythmia in utero, with efficacy approaching that of postnatal electrocardiographic rhythm monitoring.
Possibility of potential VWD misdiagnosis or misclassification using LIA technology and due to presence of rheumatoid factor
Authors: Emmanuel J. Favaloro, Margaret Aboud, Chris Arthur
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

von Willebrand's disease (VWD) is now recognised to be the most common inherited bleeding disorder and is due to defects and/or deficiencies in von Willebrand factor (VWF). The latex immuno-assay (LIA) procedure has become a popular VWF:Ag detection methodology because of the ability to automate testing. In this report, we present findings which urge caution when normal LIA results are obtained co-incident to striking clinical findings strongly suggestive of VWD, or previous laboratory findings consistent with VWD. As illustrated by a relevant case study, normal LIA results may lead to an "incorrect diagnosis" of "not VWD" or to a potential subtype misdiagnosis, should they be accepted without cross-confirmation using alternative VWF methodologies. Am. J. Hematol. 66:53–56, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
'Country doctor' passes from publishing scene
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1982)

When Howard Franklin Conn, MD, died April 17 at the age of 73, he was in the unique situation of having two distinct but equally enviable reputations. Locally, he was perhaps the best-known citizen of Uniontown, a historic (dating to an 18th century frontier fort) county seat community of about 20,000 in a farming and mining area along "the West Virginia corner" of Pennsylvania. He was born nearby, raised his family (five children) there, and practiced in the locality from 1939 on. Nationally, and to some extent internationally, his name was linked with his editorship of<i>Current Therapy</i>and other medical reference books, 52 editions of which have been published in six languages. "Imagine the influence this country doctor has had on the practice of medicine in the United States since he first published<i>Current Therapy</i>in 1949, and annually since then," says John J. Hanley, president of the WB
Europe's health research: getting the right balance
Authors: R. Saracci, J. Olsen, A. McMichael
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Negotiations on the European Union's fifth framework programme of research are at a critical juncture. Within the next few weeks discussions between the council of ministers and the European parliament will determine the direction of collaborative multinational research in Europe over the next five years. Funds for the life sciences programme, which includes health, are likely to amount to 2-2.5 billion ecu. The programme will be based on “key actions” proposed by the European Commission. These currently include food and health, vaccines, health and the environment, biotechnology, and aging.1 How funds will be apportioned is yet to be decided, …
Page Kidney Phenomenon in Allograft Transplant
Authors: BA D. NGUYEN, DAI D. NGHIEM, MUSTAFA H. ADATEPE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Early postoperative anuria with severe systemic hypertension occurring after a period of initial renal transplant diuresis evokes multiple diagnoses. Hyperacute rejection is rarely seen with rigorous routine pretransplant lymphocytotoxic cross match testing. It is of great importance to detect any nonimmunologic cause of dysfunction that can be remedied, such as delayed tubular necrosis or physical obstruction. The authors present the imaging findings in a case of severe renal impairment caused by a tense peritransplant hematoma. The Page kidney phenomenon is proposed as a curable mechanism of this early allograft dysfunction.
Hemodynamic and Metabolic Therapy in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Timothy W. Evans
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The poliomyelitis epidemic of 1952 in Denmark was a key impetus for the development of modern critical care medicine. Mortality among patients with respiratory failure was dramatically reduced by applying techniques normally used in operating rooms and by placing these patients in a designated area of the hospital, where their condition could be constantly monitored by members of the medical staff. The benefits derived from normalizing abnormal physiological functions in these patients represented a clinical vindication of the 19th-century theories of Claude Bernard, who proposed that systems respond to pathogens by maintaining cellular homeostasis. Much of modern critical care practice . . .
Reduced premature mortality in Rwanda: lessons from success
Authors: P. E. Farmer, C. T. Nutt, C. M. Wagner, C. Sekabaraga, T. Nuthulaganti, J. L. Weigel, D. B. Farmer, A. Habinshuti, S. D. Mugeni, J.-C. Karasi, P. C. Drobac
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Rwanda's approach to delivering healthcare in a setting of post-conflict poverty offers lessons for other poor countries, say Paul Farmer and colleagues In the immediate aftermath of the 1994 genocide, which claimed up to a million lives and left two million homeless, Rwanda was among the poorest countries in the world.1 Health and education systems, already weak and limited in reach before the conflict, lay in ruins; less than 5% of the population had access to clean water; the banking system had collapsed; almost no taxes were collected. Epidemics of infectious disease—including AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and waterborne infections—further thinned the population.2 Today Rwanda has been transformed. Mass violence has not recurred within the country's borders, and its gross domestic product (GDP) has more than tripled over the past decade (box 1). Growth has been less uneven than in other countries in the region, partly because both local and national governments have made equity and human development guiding principles of recovery.3 Recent studies suggest that more than one million Rwandans were lifted out of poverty between 2005 and 2010, as the proportion of the population living below the poverty line dropped from 77.8% in 1994 to 58.9% in 2000 and 44.9% in 2010.3 Life expectancy climbed from 28 years in 1994 to 56 years in 2012.4 It is the only country in sub-Saharan Africa on track to meet most of the millennium development goals by 2015. Although metrics for equity are disputed, it is an increasingly well known fact that Rwanda today has the highest proportion of female civil servants in the world.5 #### Box 1: Rwanda's social and economic context
438 BASELINE AND WEEK 24 HBeAg LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH TELBIVUDINE TREATMENT RESPONSE IN THE 2410 ROADMAP STUDY IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: C. Roth, T. Piratvisuth, B.J. Zacher, H. Wedemeyer, M.P. Manns, M. Jung, A. Trylesinski, K. Wursthorn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
A Comparison of Surfactant as Immediate Prophylaxis and as Rescue Therapy in Newborns of Less Than 30 Weeks' Gestation
Authors: James W. Kendig, Robert H. Notter, Christopher Cox, Linda J. Reubens, Jonathan M. Davis, William M. Maniscalco, Robert A. Sinkin, Albert Bartoletti, Harry S. Dweck, Michael J. Horgan, Herman Risemberg, Dale L. Phelps, Donald L. Shapiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Exogenous pulmonary surfactants are administered into the trachea either to prevent respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants or to treat it. In a randomized, multicenter trial, we compared the results of surfactant therapy initiated as prophylaxis with the results of rescue therapy with surfactant.
Endoscopic Injection of Fibrin Glue
Authors: O. Friedrichs
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

See also: Endoscopic Injection of Fibrin Glue versus Polidocanol in Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage: A Pilot StudyEndoscopy 1994; 26(06): 528-530DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1009028
Efficacy and Safety of Two Doses of Pemetrexed Supplemented with Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Previously Treated Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yuichiro Ohe, Yukito Ichinose, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Tomohide Tamura, Kaoru Kubota, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Susumu Adachi, Yoshihiro Nambu, Toshio Fujimoto, Yutaka Nishiwaki, Nagahiro Saijo, Masahiro Fukuoka
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two doses of pemetrexed supplemented with folic acid and vitamin B12 in pretreated Japanese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Experimental Design: Patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2, stage III or IV, and who received previously one or two chemotherapy regimens were randomized to receive 500 mg/m2 pemetrexed (P500) or 1,000 mg/m2 pemetrexed (P1000) on day 1 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was response rate. Results: Of the 216 patients evaluable for efficacy (108 in each arm), response rates were 18.5% (90% confidence interval, 12.6-25.8%) and 14.8% (90% confidence interval, 9.5-21.6%), median survival times were 16.0 and 12.6 months, 1-year survival rates were 59.2% and 53.7%, and median progression-free survival were 3.0 and 2.5 months for the P500 and P1000, respectively. Cox multiple regression analysis indicated that pemetrexed dose was not a significant prognostic factor. Drug-related toxicity was generally tolerable for both doses; however, the safety profile of P500 showed generally milder toxicity. Main adverse drug reactions of severity grade 3 or 4 were neutrophil count decreased (20.2%) and alanine aminotransferase (glutamine pyruvic transaminase) increased (15.8%) in P500 and neutrophil count decreased (24.3%), WBC count decreased (20.7%), and lymphocyte count decreased (18.0%) in P1000. One drug-related death from interstitial lung disease occurred in the P500. Conclusion: P500 and P1000 are similarly active with promising efficacy and acceptable safety outcomes in pretreated patients with NSCLC. These results support the use of P500 as a second- and third-line treatment of NSCLC.
Biologic and Sociologic Changes Affecting Adaptation in Mid and Late Life
Authors: EWALD W. BUSSE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

The behavioral and emotional changes that are frequently observed in middle and late life are primarily determined by an interaction of biologic changes and socioeconomic factors. Primary aging, a genetically determined series of biologic alterations, is usually observed as declines in physiologic efficiency. The human organism consists of three biologic components, two cellular and one noncellular. Consequently, there is not one uniform explanation for all of the various aging processes. Unfortunately, the so-called primary aging processes are not completely independent of the environment, thus making it difficult to distinguish them from disease and trauma. Changes within the nervous system are of particular importance. The observable changes, such as in the electroencephalogram with the focal abnormalities predominantly in the left temporal lobe, appear to be an interaction of several important variables. In many individuals mild to moderate hypertension appears to be a protective mechanism rather than a pathological one. Stress for the older person arises not only from excessive conflicts and stimuli but also from partial isolation and deprivation. From a socioeconomic viewpoint the elderly American can be identified as belonging to a deprived minority group.
Brittle nails and dyspareunia as first clues to recurrences of malignant glucagonoma
Authors: S-C. Chao, J.y-Y. Lee
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Brittle nails and dyspareunia as first clues to recurrences of malignant glucagonoma Get access S‐C. Chao, S‐C. Chao Department of Dermatology, National Cheng‐Kung University Hospital, 138 Sheng‐Li Road, 704 Tainan, Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.y‐Y. Lee J.y‐Y. Lee Department of Dermatology, National Cheng‐Kung University Hospital, 138 Sheng‐Li Road, 704 Tainan, Taiwan J.Yu‐Yun Lee, MD. E‐mail: yylee@mail.ncku.edu.tw Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 6, 1 June 2002, Pages 1071–1074, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04673.x Published: 01 June 2002 Article history Accepted: 25 October 2001 Published: 01 June 2002
A reappraisal of the role of insulin-like growth factor I in the regulation of human hematopoiesis.
Authors: M Z Ratajczak, W I Kuczynski, K Onodera, J Moore, J Ratajczak, D A Kregenow, K DeRiel, A M Gewirtz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

IGF-I has been reported to increase hematopoietic progenitor cell cloning efficiency. To investigate this phenomenon, we studied the IGF-I responsiveness of human marrow cells expressing IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), a direct strategy not used previously. IGF-IR+ and control CD34+ marrow cells were isolated using immunoaffinity methods. Then, the cells were cloned in methylcellulose containing variable amounts of serum- and lineage-appropriate growth factors supplemented with recombinant human IGF-I. In contrast to CD34+ cells, IGF-IR+ cells never gave rise to CFU-Blast, CFU-Mix, CFU-GM, BFU-E, or CFU-E. To substantiate the suggestion that CD34+ and IGF-IR+ cells were distinct populations, we used reverse transcription PCR to detect IGF-I, EpO, and KIT receptor mRNAs in these cells. The mRNA phenotype of CD34+ cells was EpO (+), KIT (+), and IGF-IR (-), while IGF-IR+ cells were IGF-IR (+), EpO (-), and KIT (-). These results suggested that IGF-IR is either not expressed or expressed at low levels on normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. Functional significance of the latter possibility was tested by exposing CD34+ cells to IGF-IR antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Colony formation was unaffected by oligodeoxynucleotide disruption of IGF-IR, suggesting that, even if expressed at low level, the receptor's functional significance was doubtful. Nevertheless, when cultured in the presence of IGF-I, IGF-IR+ cells elaborated an activity with mild BFU-E stimulatory effects. Accordingly, if IGF-I plays a role in hematopoietic colony formation, it is probably and results from stimulation of IGF-IR-positive ancillary cells to secrete growth factors. Studies carried out with human leukemia cells yielded similar results.