tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The natural history of trichilemmal cysts
Authors: BARBARA J. LEPPARD, K.V. SANDERSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Journal Article The natural history of trichilemmal cysts Get access BARBARA J. LEPPARD, BARBARA J. LEPPARD St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ and St George's Hospital, Hyde Park Corner, London SW1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.V. SANDERSON K.V. SANDERSON St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ and St George's Hospital, Hyde Park Corner, London SW1 Reprint requests: Dr K.V.Sanderson, St. George's Hospital, Hyde Park Corner, London SW1. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 94, Issue 4, 1 April 1976, Pages 379–390, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1976.tb06115.x Published: 01 April 1976
Etiologic Considerations in Peripheral Vascular Diseases of the Lower Extremity with Special Reference to Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: HERMAN T. BLUMENTHAL, ALINE W. BERNS, SIDNEY GOLDENBERG, PAUL W. LOWENSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A histopathologic and immunopathologic study of changes in small vessels has been carried out on 168 amputated lower extremities. No difference was found in respect to the frequency of thrombotic or atheromatous lesions among the various clinical disease categories necessitating amputation. An increased frequency of inflammatory lesions of small vessels was found only in cases of osteomyelitis. The frequency of hemodynamic lesions was highest in nondiabetic subjects with arteriosclerosis, and second highest in diabetic subjects with arteriosclerosis, followed by thromboangiitis obliterans. Proliferative endothelial lesions were encountered most frequently in diabetes with arteriosclerosis, in osteogenic sarcoma, and in osteomyelitis. Such proliferative lesions were encountered in 80 per cent of diabetic subjects and in 20 per cent of nondiabetic individuals. Fluorescent insulin binding by small vessels was found in 70 per cent of diabetic subjects with proliferative vascular lesions and in only 30 per cent of diabetic individuals without this proliferative microangiopathy. Such insulin binding was observed in 54 per cent of diabetic subjects and in only about 15 per cent of nondiabetic patients. The binding of fluorescent rabbit antihuman globulin was observed in 56 per cent of diabetic subjects and in 22 per cent of nondiabetic patients. These findings are discussed in relation to the thesis that there may be diseases of immune origin primarily involving small peripheral vessels. The peripheral vascular disease of diabetes is particularly stressed here because it is probably the most common form of such disease of immune origin. Such pathologic processes in small vessels may secondarily involve large cognate system arteries, either by creating an increased peripheral resistance to the flow of blood or when lesions involve the vasa vasorum, there may be impairment of local nutrition. Either or both of these phenomena could intensify the development of arteriosclerosis of large trunk arteries. Although no attempt has been made here to justify or negate the existence of thromboangiitis obliterans as a disease entity, it has been pointed out that at least some cases with this diagnosis may have a similar immune origin.
Appropriate and effective management of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: F C Breedveld
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

Early referral (at &lt;3 months) and early DMARD treatment enable the course of RA to be changed. Once the disease has become aggressive it is much harder to treat and improvements will not be as great as they would have been with earlier treatment. The latest strategies and treatments enable remission to be achieved in many more patients than formerly.
ERRγ Directs and Maintains the Transition to Oxidative Metabolism in the Postnatal Heart
Authors: William A. Alaynick, Richard P. Kondo, Wen Xie, Weimin He, Catherine R. Dufour, Michael Downes, Johan W. Jonker, Wayne Giles, Robert K. Naviaux, Vincent Giguère, Ronald M. Evans
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2007)
The Use of Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Identify Reversible Myocardial Dysfunction
Authors: Raymond J. Kim, Edwin Wu, Allen Rafael, Enn-Ling Chen, Michele A. Parker, Orlando Simonetti, Francis J. Klocke, Robert O. Bonow, Robert M. Judd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Recent studies indicate that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after the administration of contrast material can be used to distinguish between reversible and irreversible myocardial ischemic injury regardless of the extent of wall motion or the age of the infarct. We hypothesized that the results of contrast-enhanced MRI can be used to predict whether regions of abnormal ventricular contraction will improve after revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Research Priorities
Authors: Cosimo De Nunzio, Sascha Ahyai, Riccardo Autorino, Alexander Bachmann, Waldemar Bialek, Alberto Briganti, Oliver Reich, Roman Sosnowski, Nikesh Thiruchelvam, Giacomo Novara
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Radiation Therapy in Stage II and III Rectal Cancer
Authors: Christopher G. Willett, Brian G. Czito, Johanna C. Bendell
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Over the past 25 years, significant advances have been made in the management of patients with rectal cancer. Phase III studies have shown the efficacy of postoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy in improving local control and survival of patients with resected stage II and III disease. Data from the randomized German CAO/ARO/AIO-94 trial of preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiation have provided a strong rationale and support for the use of preoperative chemoradiation in the treatment of patients with clinical stage II and III rectal cancer. Current phase III studies are evaluating novel combinations of chemotherapy and targeted agents with radiation therapy.
Disability: An Agenda for Bioethics
Authors: Mark G. Kuczewski
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2001)

Contemporary bioethics has been somewhat skewed by its focus on high-tech medicine and the resulting development of ethical frameworks based on an acute-care model of healthcare. Research and scholarship in bioethics have payed only cursory attention to ethical issues related to disability. I argue that bioethics should concern itself with the full range of theoretical and practical issues related to disability. This encounter with the disability community will enrich bioethics and, potentially, society as well. I suggest a number of items that the bioethics agenda should include, such as the development of a casuistry of the right to healthcare and to community integration and an advocacy role in fostering an understanding among the public and policy makers of the need to reform research and treatment related to disability.
Opiate receptor blockade by naltrexone and mood state after acute physical activity.
Authors: M Daniel, A D Martin, J Carter
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1992)

Acute mood changes occur with various forms of physical activity. Increased levels of endogenous opioids (endorphins) in response to exercise may mediate activity-induced shifts in mood state. Thirteen female and six male aerobics class participants aged 20-46 years received the opiate receptor antagonist naltrexone and a placebo in randomized, double-blind crossover fashion on two separate occasions at the same 75-min high-intensity aerobics class. Mood states were assessed before and after each class, which were spaced 5 days apart, using the Profile of Mood States questionnaire (POMS), a mood adjective checklist, and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) which measured mood in relation to several emotional extremes. Mood changes over the course of each aerobics class were compared in the naltrexone and placebo groups. For men and women, significant differences between conditions were observed in overall mood by both the POMS (P less than 0.005) and VAS (P less than 0.02). There were significant differences between conditions for most subscales of each mood instrument (P less than 0.05); with the placebo, mood states became calmer, more relaxed and pleasant, tending away from depression, anger and confusion. Positive mood shifts did not occur when subjects were preloaded with naltrexone, suggesting that activity-generated mood changes are mediated through endorphinergic mechanisms.
Reporting risk--that's entertainment
Authors: G. Easton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

When I was doctoring, cursing the media was part of the job–like moaning about the General Medical Council or the BMA negotiators. So when I announced that I was going to become a medical journalist, I was prepared for my fellow doctors to accuse me of betrayal and curse me by association. Instead, they cheered me on. I was their special agent going undercover into the enemy camp. Eight years later, here is my dispatch from behind the lines. Reporting risk in the media has been a tougher mission than I thought.

My most basic intelligence is that journalism–of any sort–is mostly about entertainment. Even news, science articles, or serious medical programmes have to be entertaining if they are to inform and educate, and in the struggle to engage people the journalist's favourite weapon is the story. That doesn't have to mean dumbing down; but human nature dictates that the best stories (think of juicy office gossip) are surprising, unusual, dramatic, or emotive and usually personal–all key ingredients of stories about, for example, killer bugs, the pill scare, …
Leukemic transformation in polycythemia vera: Analysis of risk factors
Authors: Sucha Nand, Harry Messmore, Susan Gross Fisher, Mary Lourdes Bird, William Schulz, Richard I. Fisher
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract Forty‐eight patients with polycythemia vera (PV) were retrospectively studied for incidence of acute leukemia over a 12 year period. Initial clinical features, hemogram, RBC mass, B12 levels, neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP), and therapy given were studied for association with development of acute leukemia. There were 25 males and mean age at diagnosis was 61.4 years. Initial Hg was 18.38 ± 1.86 g/dl, WBC 16.44 ± 12.92 (× 1,000/mm 3 ), platelets 632.94 ± 303.81 (×1,000/mm 3 ), B12 1,030.93 ± 445.20 pg/ml, and neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) score 136.63 ± 55.14. Twenty‐three patients were treated with phlebotomy alone and 25 received additional myelosuppressive therapy as follows—2 received p32 alone, 4 alkylating agents alone, 8 hydroxyurea (HU) alone, and 11 received 2 or more (multiple) of these agents. None of those treated with phlebotomy alone but 6 of 25 (24%) patients given myelosuppressive therapy developed acute leukemia ( P = .03) after a mean period of 46.8 months from start of myelosuppressive therapy. Four of the 11 patients (36%) receiving multiple agent therapy developed acute leukemia ( P = .019). Initial hemoglobin levels, but not the other clinical parameters, were significantly higher in patients who developed acute leukemia ( P = .002), and this difference persisted in various subgroups receiving myelosuppressive therapy. Thus, high initial hemoglobin and use of any myelosuppressive therapy are associated with an increased risk of leukemic transformation in polycythemia vera. This risk becomes substantial with the use of two or more myelosuppressive agents. Since myelosuppressive therapy does not prolong survival, its role in the management of polycythemia vera should be reexamined.
Studies Probe Possible Link Between Bisphosphonates and Femoral Fractures
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

CONFLICTING DATA ON WHETHER long-term bisphosphonate therapy may cause a rare type of low-energy femoral fracture are creating challenges for physicians and patients in weighing the potential risks of such medications against their benefits in reducing hip fractures. But the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other groups say the data so far do not support changes in prescribing practices. Case reports describing low-energy atypical subtrochanteric femur fractures in women who have taken bisphosphonates for several years, as well as preliminary data suggesting reductions in bone quality with prolonged use, have raised concerns about the safety of the drugs. So far, however, an ongoing review of data from the drugs’ manufacturers and other studies by the FDA has not found an increased risk of such fractures associated with the drugs, according to a statement from the agency on March 10. Additionally, an analysis of 3 placebo-controlled trials published online on March 24 found such atypical femoral fractures to be rare in women taking bisphosphonates (with a combined rate of 2.3 per 10 000 patientyears in the trials, based on 12 fractures in 10 women), and found no significant increase in risk of such fractures in women taking the drugs (Black DM et al. N Engl J Med. doi:10.1056/ nejmoa1001086). To better understand these events, the FDA said it will continue its review and will consult with an international, multidisciplinary task force created by the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR) to assess the data. A report from the task force is expected later this year. In the meantime, physicians and patients should understand that the risk of atypical subtrochanteric femur fractures is small compared with the risk of more common types of hip fracture associated with osteoporosis, which bisphosphonates have been demonstrated to reduce. Elizabeth Shane, MD, cochair of the ASBMR task force and professor of medicine at Columbia University in New York City, explained that of 100 hip fractures, approximately 2 to 4 would occur in the subtrochanteric femur region, and that patients taking bisphosphonates account for only one-third of those. “It’s very important that physicians and patients don’t rush out and stop bisphosphonates because of the concern about these fractures, and perhaps increase their risk of the more common types of hip fracture,” said Shane.
Research and Development for the NHS: Evidence, Evaluation, and Effectiveness
Authors: M. McKee
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ed Mark Baker, Simon Kirk Radcliffe, pounds sterling15, pp 125 ISBN 1 85775 094 2

Five years after its inception, and having just appointed its second director, the NHS Research and Development Programme has become an integral part of the health service.

Or has it? While those of us in academic health service research units follow each new development with keen interest, discussions with clinicians and managers sometimes reveal a considerable degree of ignorance. Even when they are aware of the …
Word limits best explain failings of industry supported meta-analyses
Authors: Jonathan J Deeks
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Although few doubt that industry funded systematic reviews sometimes use poor methods and misrepresent findings, Jorgensen et al overestimate this bias and misattribute differences in methods and reporting to it.1 Median quality scores of the included reviews were 7 for Cochrane reviews, and 2, 2, and 3 for industry funded, undeclared funding and non-profit or no funding journal reviews. These results are best explained by word restrictions, not financial support. For example, the BMJ paper and online versions of the included celecoxib review were restricted …
The Hyperperfused Lung
Authors: Gary F. Gates
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Thirty-nine children with various cardiac abnormalities were examined with perfusion lung scintigraphy with technetium Tc 99m macroaggregated albumin. Nuclide accumulation within each lung, which is proportional to the division of pulmonary arterial flow, was determined. Twenty-six patients had hyperperfusion of one lung, with a particularly high incidence occurring with the tetraoloy of Fallot, pulmonary artery stenosis or atresia, and following surgical systemic-pulmonic anastomoses. Consistent detection of imbalance in pulmonary flow by inspection of chest x-ray films was possible when one lung received at least 2 1/2 times the blood flow of the opposite side; with angiography, flow imbalance could be recognized when flow in one lung exceeded flow in the other by only 1 1/2 times. The radionuclide quantitative method was a more sensitive means of detecting early cases of mismatched pulmonary blood flow than roentgenography, which was nonquantitative and required the presence of relatively gross perfusion abnormalities before visual perception was possible.
Preventive strategies for group B streptococcal and other bacterial infections in early infancy: cost effectiveness and value of information analyses
Authors: Tim E Colbourn, Christian Asseburg, Laura Bojke, Zoe Philips, Nicky J Welton, Karl Claxton, A E Ades, Ruth E Gilbert
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<b>Objective</b> To determine the cost effectiveness of strategies for preventing neonatal infection with group B streptococci and other bacteria in the UK and the value of further information from research. <b>Design</b> Use of a decision model to compare the cost effectiveness of prenatal testing for group B streptococcal infection (by polymerase chain reaction or culture), prepartum antibiotic treatment (intravenous penicillin or oral erythromycin), and vaccination during pregnancy (not yet available) for serious bacterial infection in early infancy across 12 maternal risk groups. Model parameters were estimated using multi-parameter evidence synthesis to incorporate all relevant data inputs. <b>Data sources</b> 32 systematic reviews were conducted: 14 integrated results from published studies, 24 involved analyses of primary datasets, and five included expert opinion. <b>Main outcomes measures</b> Healthcare costs per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. <b>Results</b> Current best practice (to treat only high risk women without prior testing for infection) and universal testing by culture or polymerase chain reaction were not cost effective options. Immediate extension of current best practice to treat all women with preterm and high risk term deliveries without testing (11% treated) would result in substantial net benefits. Currently, addition of culture testing for low risk term women, while treating all preterm and high risk term women, would be the most cost effective option (21% treated). If available in the future, vaccination combined with treating all preterm and high risk term women and no testing for low risk women would probably be marginally more cost effective and would limit antibiotic exposure to 11% of women. The value of information is highest (£67m) if vaccination is included as an option. <b>Conclusions</b> Extension of current best practice to treat all women with preterm and high risk term deliveries is readily achievable and would be beneficial. The choice between adding culture testing for low risk women or vaccination for all should be informed by further research. Trials to evaluate vaccine efficacy should be prioritised.
IMPACT OF AORTIC VALVE CALCIFICATION MEASURED BY MULTIDETECTOR CT ON THE OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Clavel Marie–Annick, Philippe Pibarot, David Messika–Zeitoun, Shivani Aggarwal, Youssef Maalouf, Philip Araoz, Hector Michelena, Cueff Caroline, Eric Larose, Romain Capoulade, Alec Vahanian, Maurice Sarano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Combined functional and molecular analysis of tumor cell signaling defines 2 distinct myeloma subgroups: Akt-dependent and Akt-independent multiple myeloma
Authors: Angela Zöllinger, Thorsten Stühmer, Manik Chatterjee, Stefan Gattenlöhner, Eugenia Haralambieva, Hans-Konrad Müller-Hermelink, Mindaugas Andrulis, Axel Greiner, Carmen Wesemeier, Jörg C. Rath, Hermann Einsele, Ralf C. Bargou
Journal: Blood (2008)
Abstract 4201: miR-124 suppresses colorectal tumor progression in a mouse xenograft model via targeting KITENIN.
Authors: So-Yeon Park, Jeong A Bae, Somy Yoon, Hangun Kim, Kyung Keun Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly implicated in modulating the progression of various cancers. Although there is emerging evidences that some miRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors, the regulation of colorectal cancer (CRC) progression by miRNA is not fully understood. KITENIN (KAI1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin, Vangl1) is not only a major component of PCP pathway but also a functional protein promoting CRC cell motility and invasiveness. Previously, we observed that KITENIN acts as a metastasis-enhancing protein in a mouse model of colon cancer and that KITENIN is highly expressed in sporadic human CRC tissues. But the underlying regulation mechanisms of aberrant expression of KITENIN in CRC are not clearly understood. Here we tried to identify the miRNAs, which modulate the expression of KITENIN, using luciferase assay and with computational prediction of miRNA targeting KITENIN. We identified several miRNAs and one of them is miR-124. miR-124 negatively regulated KITENIN expression through binding to the 3′-untranslated region of KITENIN. We further examined whether increased expression of miR-124 affects colorectal tumor progression via targeting KITENIN. Ectopic expression of miR-124 was found to suppress the migration and invasiveness of various CRC cells. miR-124 also inhibited tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. These findings provide the experimental evidence to a possible therapeutic effect of miR-124 on suppressing colorectal tumor progression and identification of miR-124-mediated regulation of KITENIN might provide a promising therapeutic target in treating CRC. Citation Format: So-Yeon Park, Jeong A Bae, Somy Yoon, Hangun Kim, Kyung Keun Kim. miR-124 suppresses colorectal tumor progression in a mouse xenograft model via targeting KITENIN. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4201. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4201
Intravenous Transfusion of Formaldehyde Solutions.
Authors: E. Viko
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Park City, Utah, Jan. 26, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your editorial, Dec. 29, 1900, on "Treatment of Tuberculosis," you remark that Dr. R. McGuire has lately treated tuberculosis by intravascular injections of formaldehyde solutions. Permit me to report some experiments I made three years ago on dogs with intravenous injections of solutions of formaldehyde. Lack of time and a laboratory forced me to give up my studies in this line. I tried to solve the two following propositions: 1. Would it be possible, without injuring the animal, to introduce into the circulation formaldehyde in sufficient amount to disinfect tuberculous lungs? 2. By introducing formaldehyde into a vein of the foreleg—forearm-would the gas, after permeating the lungs, escape by the mouth, or would it go to the left side of the heart and into the general circulation? It has been proved that plain, sterile water, transfused into the blood-vessels, will
The future of medicine
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The manuscript of the first novel by one of the most famous of all doctor-authors, Arthur Conan Doyle, was lost in the post on its way to the publishers: a disaster for an author in the days before computers, photocopiers, typewriters, or even carbon paper. But Conan Doyle was nothing if not plucky, to use a slightly old fashioned term for an old fashioned virtue: he tried to reconstitute the novel by writing it out again, only to realise halfway through that it would never do, to paraphrase the critic, Francis Jeffrey, on the subject of Wordsworth’s poetry.

The manuscript of the incomplete novel, The Narrative of John Smith , has recently been published by the British Library, where it resides. It …