tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An assessment of the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum vitamin B12 levels in liver disease
Authors: C. D. Holdsworth, M. Atkinson, J. A. Dossett, R. Hall
Journal: Gut (1964)

<b>1007</b> <h3><b>Learning Objectives</b></h3> 1.To present the imaging features of F18-FDG PET/CT of chloromas. 2. To illustrate the use of F18 FDG PET/CT as a complementary tool to anatomical imaging in the diagnosis and follow-up of chloromas. <h3></h3> Granulocytic sarcoma, also called chloroma, can be found in either primary or relapsing leukemia. It is most frequently associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is uncommon in children and can be a diagnostic challenge in the pediatric setting. We present multimodality imaging findings, including F18 FDG PET/CT in three patients with granulocytic sarcomas, at diagnosis and during follow-up. The first patient presented himself with atypical symptoms following treatment of AML and bone marrow transplant (BMT). The second patient presented himself with spinal cord disease as the first manifestation of AML. The last patient presented herself with multiple lymph nodes as a recurrence of the leukemia, one year after initial treatment. As shown in our cases, radiologic and scintigraphic manifestations of granulocytic sarcomas are varied. Multimodality imaging plays an important for the diagnosis and follow-up of the multiple facets of chloromas
The effect of parental allergy on childhood allergic diseases depends on the sex of the child
Authors: S. Hasan Arshad, Wilfried Karmaus, Abid Raza, Ramesh J. Kurukulaaratchy, Sharon M. Matthews, John W. Holloway, Alireza Sadeghnejad, Hongmei Zhang, Graham Roberts, Susan L. Ewart
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Ibuprofen epidermal levels after topical application<i>in vitro</i>: effect of formulation, application time, dose variation and occlusion
Authors: P. TREFFEL, B. GABARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

The influence of vehicle (two oil‐in‐water emulsions and two gels, each containing 10% or 5% ibuprofen) application time (0·5,1,2 h), applied dose (1·5,3,6. 2 mg/cm2), time (24 h after an 0·5h application time), and occlusion on the epidermal concentration of ibuprofen was investigated. The drug concentration in the epidermis was measured by HPLC. All results were expressed as μg drug/mg epidermal protein. The application time had no influence on the epidermal drug concentration, whereas the two gel formulations produced concentrations approximately twice those obtained with the emulsions. A significant positive correlation was found between the applied dose and the epidermal concentration for each formulation. After 24 h the amount of drug remaining in the epidermis was low (reduced by factors of 10‐20). Occlusion produced higher concentrations, but only with the 2‐h application time. The methods are reliable, and useful in ranking vehicles according to their ability to release ibuprofen into the epidermis. Future investigations should explore the relationship between epidermal concentration and anti‐inflammatory efficacy in vivo.
Flu is now widespread in 43 US states, CDC reports
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Widespread influenza activity had been reported by 43 states as of 27 December, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported in its weekly update on 5 January. Influenza A virus (H3N2) was the most common virus detected, accounting for 95% of influenza, the CDC said, noting that this flu season may prove to be more severe.

The CDC report said, “In the past, H3N2 predominant seasons have been associated with more severe illness and higher mortality, especially in older people and young children, relative to H1N1 or B predominant seasons.”1 From 1976 to 2007, for example, an average of about 29 000 people died …
UK government tightens rules for drug regulators
Authors: Kathryn Godfrey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The US Food and Drug Administration has barred one of its own experts from serving on the panel considering the safety of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) inhibitors after he made remarks indicating that valdecoxib (Bextra) may-like rofecoxib (Vioxx), which was recently withdrawn from the market by Merckcause heart attacks and strokes.Dr Curt Furberg, a member of the FDA's drug safety advisory committee and a prominent authority on drug safety, was told his invitation to participate in FDA hearings on the safety of COX 2 inhibitors had been rescinded.This followed his being quoted in the New York Times on 10 November as saying that a study that he and his colleague performed "showed that Bextra is no different than Vioxx, and Pfizer is trying to suppress that information."Larry Sasich, research associate with the US consumer association Public Citizen in Washington, told the BMJ that "Dr Furberg has an unimpeachable record as a scientist" and that his experience as a cardiovascular researcher and the lead investigator of the largest clinical
First case of human infection with new bird flu virus is confirmed
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Scientists have reported that a 20 year old woman in Taiwan was infected with the wild avian influenza A H6N1 virus and said that this highlighted the need to be prepared for any possible future pandemic of avian flu.

The previously healthy woman presented to hospital with flu-like symptoms and shortness of breath in May 2013. She was treated with oseltamivir and has since recovered, said the report in the Lancet Respiratory Medicine .1

A genetic analysis of throat swab samples …
A novel EVI1 gene family, MEL1, lacking a PR domain (MEL1S) is expressed mainly in t(1;3)(p36;q21)-positive AML and blocks G-CSF–induced myeloid differentiation
Authors: Ichiro Nishikata, Hidenori Sasaki, Mutsunori Iga, Yoko Tateno, Suzuko Imayoshi, Norio Asou, Takuro Nakamura, Kazuhiro Morishita
Journal: Blood (2003)
Junctional pacemakers in man. Response to overdrive suppression with and without parasympathetic blockade.
Authors: O S Narula, J T Narula
Journal: Circulation (1978)

This study analyzes the response to overdrive suppression of junctional pacemakers (JP) and correlates it with symptoms in 21 patients. Junctional rhythm (JR) was seen in 5 patients with intact A-V conduction, and in 16 with complete heart block, the JPs were located proximal to or within the His bundle (BH). Junctional recovery time (JRT) was measured following atrial or ventricular pacing during control and after atropine (2-2.5 mg). Control cycle length of the JR ranged from 835-2100 msec (mean 1402) and the corrected JRT (CJRT) ranged from 75 to greater than or equal to 7510 msec (mean 2966). Following atropine, the cycle length ranged from 660 to 2000 msec (mean 1115) and the CJRT ranged from 90 to greater than 6000 msec (mean 2050). All symptomatic patients were treated with permanent ventricular demand pacemakers and followed clinically from 6-72 months (mean = 35). Symptomatic patients could not be differentiated from asymptomatic patients on the basis of control heart rates, chronotropic response to atropine, and/or the site of origin of the JP as determined with BH recordings. However, presence or absence of symptoms of syncope and dizziness were well correlated with a CJRT greater than or less than 200 msec, respectively, either following atropine or during control. The determination of CJRT both before and after parasympathetic blockade provides a simpler and more reliable method for the therapeutic evaluation of patients.
Actin is not likely to be the major target of autoimmune hepatitis type 1 (AIH-1)-associated perinuclear anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA)
Authors: A Grassi, D Zauli, M. Fusconi, F Cassani, S Ghetti, G Ballardini, FB Bianchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Effects of an Automated Electronic Reminder in Changing the Antiplatelet Drug–Prescribing Behavior Among Italian General Practitioners in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Alessandro Filippi, Andrea Sabatini, Letizia Badioli, Fabio Samani, Giampiero Mazzaglia, Alberico Catapano, Claudio Cricelli
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To evaluate whether an electronic reminder integrated into a routine computer system increases the use of antiplatelet drugs for diabetic patients among Italian general practitioners (GPs). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A randomized controlled trial was carried out among 300 GPs and their patients selected from the Health Search Database. Among these, 150 GPs (intervention group) received instructions to activate an electronic reminder plus a letter summarizing the beneficial effects of antiplatelet drugs in diabetic patients with at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor (“high risk”), whereas the other 150 GPs (control group) received only the letter. The electronic reminder, integrated into a standard software system for the management of the daily clinical practice, was displayed when every participating GP opened the medical record of diabetic patients aged ≥30 years. Only high-risk diabetic patients were included in the analysis. Patients were considered under antiplatelet treatment if they received two or more prescriptions at baseline and during the follow-up. RESULTS—We selected 15,343 high-risk diabetic patients, 7,313 belonging to GPs of the control group and 8,030 belonging to GPs of the intervention group. Overall, 1,672 patients (22.9%) of the control group and 1,886 (23.5%) patients of the intervention group received antiplatelet drugs at baseline (P = N.S.). At the end of the follow-up, the number of treated patients was significantly increased in the intervention group (odds ratio 1.99, 95% CI 1.79–2.22) versus the control group. The effect of the electronic reminder was more relevant among those patients with one or more cardiovascular risk factors but without previous cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), compared with those with CVDs. CONCLUSIONS—These findings provide evidence for the effect of an electronic reminder in affecting the prescriptive behavior of GPs.
ClearCode34: A Prognostic Risk Predictor for Localized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Samira A. Brooks, A. Rose Brannon, Joel S. Parker, Jennifer C. Fisher, Oishee Sen, Michael W. Kattan, A. Ari Hakimi, James J. Hsieh, Toni K. Choueiri, Pheroze Tamboli, Jodi K. Maranchie, Peter Hinds, C. Ryan Miller, Matthew E. Nielsen, W. Kimryn Rathmell
Journal: European Urology (2014)
COLORECTAL CANCER PRESENTING WITH ANAEMIA
Authors: J Storm, G Rafferty
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines state that iron deficiency anaemia should be investigated and confirmed by a low serum ferritin, red cell microcytosis or hypochromia. The main objective of the guidelines is to diagnose significant pathology including colorectal cancer (CRC). <h3>Aims/Background</h3> We analysed the number of patients with confirmed colorectal cancer that presented with anaemia and specifically to confirm the number of CRC cases that present with evidence of non-iron deficient anaemia. <h3>Method</h3> We reviewed the haematology and biochemistry blood results of all Northern Health and Social Care Trust (NHSCT) patients with confirmed colorectal cancer in 2010. Results were obtained for the 12 months prior to diagnosis. Local laboratory criteria was used to confirm the normal range for blood results including Haemoglobin (Hb), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), serum ferritin, serum iron and Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) <h3>Results</h3> 221 patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer in 2010. Mean age was 71 (range 22-92). 50% were male. 49% were anaemic (Hb &lt;12 g/dl). 31% had microcytic anaemia (MCV &lt;83) and 18% had normocytic anaemia. 11 patients (5%) had an iron deficient normocytic anaemia. 18 patients (8%) had a normocytic anaemia but no iron studies performed. 11 (5%) patients diagnosed with CRC had a normocytic anaemia with normal serum ferritin and MCHC. For these 11 patients 9 charts were located and 6 had lower GI symptoms requiring colonoscopy but 3 (1%) were investigated as had low serum iron (but normal MCV, normal MCHC, normal ferritin and no lower GI symptoms). <h3>Conclusion</h3> These results confirm that a significant proportion of CRC patients present with normocytic anaemia (18%). From these figures it suggests that 1% of the total CRC cases had asymptomatic normocytic anaemia with normal MCV, MCHC and serum ferritin. This however does not include the 18 patients with normocytic anemia that had unknown iron status as iron studies not performed. Iron studies should always be performed in investigating patients with microcytic/normocytic anaemia.
Transplantation of Thymus Tissue in Complete DiGeorge Syndrome
Authors: M. Louise Markert, Andreas Boeck, Laura P. Hale, Amy L. Kloster, Tanya M. McLaughlin, Milena N. Batchvarova, Daniel C. Douek, Richard A. Koup, Donna D. Kostyu, Frances E. Ward, Henry E. Rice, Sherrie E. Schiff, Rebecca H. Buckley, Barton F. Haynes, Samuel M. Mahaffey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

The DiGeorge syndrome is a congenital disorder that affects the heart, parathyroid glands, and thymus. In complete DiGeorge syndrome, patients have severely reduced T-cell function.We treated five infants (age, one to four months) with complete DiGeorge syndrome by transplantation of cultured postnatal thymus tissue. Follow-up evaluations included immune phenotyping and proliferative studies of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells plus biopsy of the thymus allograft. Thymic production of new T cells was assessed in peripheral blood by tests for T-cell-receptor recombination excision circles, which are formed from excised DNA during the rearrangement of T-cell-receptor genes.After the transplantation of thymus tissue, T-cell proliferative responses to mitogens developed in four of the five patients. Two of the patients survived with restoration of immune function; three patients died from infection or abnormalities unrelated to transplantation. Biopsies of grafted thymus in the surviving patients showed normal morphologic features and active T-cell production. In three patients, donor T cells could be detected about four weeks after transplantation, although there was no evidence of graft-versus-host disease on biopsy or at autopsy. In one patient, the T-cell development within the graft was demonstrated to accompany the appearance of recently developed T cells in the periphery and coincided with the onset of normal T-cell function. In one patient, there was evidence of thymus function and CD45RA+CD62L+ T cells more than five years after transplantation.In some infants with profound immunodeficiency and complete DiGeorge syndrome, the transplantation of thymus tissue can restore normal immune function. Early thymus transplantation - before the development of infectious complications - may promote successful immune reconstitution.
Sexually transmitted infections in people with HIV infection
Authors: A. M Butt
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—The study by Catchpole et al looked at the seroprevalence of HIV-1 infection in homosexual and bisexual men presenting with an acute sexually transmitted infection.1 Sexually transmitted infections facilitate the transmission of HIV. Herpes simplex type 2 infection and primary syphilis increase the infectivity of HIV by compromising mucosal surfaces.2 Gonococcal and chlamydial urethritis increase shedding of HIV-1 in semen, therefore increasing the risk of HIV transmission risk.3 Further studies have shown the effectiveness of antimicrobial …
Distal Femoral Epiphysial Separation
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc, William N. Jones, William H. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>Dr. W. Bostic:</h3> A 16-year-old high school student was admitted to the hospital one hour after sustaining an injury to his left knee while playing football. His thigh had been struck directly from the front in a collision with a teammate. He had experienced sudden excruciating pain and was unable to rise from the ground. On examination the only abnormalities present were confined to the left knee region. There was acute swelling, associated with marked tenderness in this area, and because of the swelling it was difficult to determine exactly what type of osseous deformity was present. Circulation and sensation were intact distal to the area of injury. X-ray film (Fig 1) revealed an anterior displacement of the distal femoral epiphysis. <h3>Dr. Robert Joplin:</h3> The radiographs reveal a complete anterior displacement of the distal femoral epiphysis. Therefore, we know immediately that reduction is imperative, both because of possible circulatory complications
Acute effects of summer air pollution on respiratory symptom reporting in children.
Authors: J Schwartz, D W Dockery, L M Neas, D Wypij, J H Ware, J D Spengler, P Koutrakis, F E Speizer, B G Ferris
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

A daily diary of respiratory symptoms was collected from the parents of 1,844 school children in six U.S. cities to study the association between ambient air pollution exposures and respiratory illness. A cohort of approximately 300 elementary school children in each of six communities were asked to keep a daily log of the study child's respiratory symptoms for one year. Daily measurements of ambient sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, inhalable particles (PM10), respirable particles (PM2.5), light scattering, and sulfate particles were made, along with integrated 24-h measures of aerosol strong acidity. The analyses were limited to the five warm season months between April and August. Significant associations were found between incidence of coughing symptoms and incidence of lower respiratory symptoms and PM10, and a marginally significant association between upper respiratory symptoms and PM10. There was no evidence that other measures of particulate pollution including aerosol acidity were preferable to PM10 in predicting incidence of respiratory symptoms. Significant associations in single pollutant models were also found between sulfur dioxide or ozone and incidence of cough, and between sulfur dioxide and incidence of lower respiratory symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Seventy years on: 3, St Andrew's Place
Authors: S. Gold
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Seventy years on: 3, St Andrew's Place Get access S. Gold S. Gold 149, Harley Street, London W1N 2DE, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 120, Issue 3, 1 March 1989, Pages 473–474, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb04182.x Published: 01 March 1989
Congener-specific levels of dioxins and dibenzofurans in U.S. food and estimated daily dioxin toxic equivalent intake.
Authors: A Schecter, J Startin, C Wright, M Kelly, O Päpke, A Lis, M Ball, J R Olson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Food, especially meat, milk, and fish, is the immediate source of almost all polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxinlike compounds in the general population. To estimate intake of these highly toxic compounds, we performed congener-specific dioxin analyses for the first time on U.S. food for 18 dairy meat, and fish samples from a supermarket in upstate New York. 2,3,7,8 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD,
Abstract 2081: Evaluation of Src as a therapeutic target in biliary tract cancer using bosutinib, a c-Src/Abl kinase inhibitor.
Authors: Ah-Rong Nam, Ahrum Min, Sae-Won Han, Sang-hyun Song, Do-Youn Oh, Seock-Ah Im, Tae-You Kim, Youg-Jue Bang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Src is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase involved in the crosstalk and mediation of many signaling pathways that promote cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. Elevation of Src activity has been reported in many types of cancers including biliary tract cancer (BTC). In BTC, no molecular therapeutic target has been validated so far. Therefore, the prognosis of advanced BTC is limited and there is a huge unmet medical need in this area. The purpose of this study is to evaluate of Src as a therapeutic target in BTC and to elucidate the therapeutic potential and action mechanism of bosutinib, an orally active small molecule c-Src/Abl kinase inhibitor, alone or in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of BTC. Methods: Experiments were conducted using 8 human biliary tract cancer cell lines (SNU-245, 308, 478, 869, 1079, 1196, HuCCT1, TFK1). MTT assay, colony formation assay and 3D culture were done for determining growth inhibitory effect of bosutinib, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents (gemcitabine, cisplatin). Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by FACS Calibur flow cytometer. Matrigel invasion assay and wound healing assay were done. The methods described by Chou and Talalay were used to determine whether a synergistic effect existed between drug combination. Results: pSrc was highly expressed in most BTC cells. Bosutinib inhibited the growth of BTC cells, especially SNU308, SNU478 and HuCCT1 (IC50, 0.6-0.8 μmol/L). Bosutinib induced G1 arrest (decrease of cyclin D, cyclin E, cyclin A, cyclin B and increase of p27) in SNU308 and SNU478. It decreased pSrc, pFAK, pAKT and pERK in these cells. Bosutinib also inhibited the cell migration and invasion in parallel with decrease of snail, not only in SNU308, SNU478 cells but also in several other cells. Interestingly, bosutinib showed synergistic antiproliferative effects (Combination Index value &amp;lt;1) with gemcitabine in 4 out of 8 BTC cells. Bosutinib was downregulated TS (thymidine synthase) expression, one of resistance mechanisms to gemcitabine. Bosutinib also showed synergistic anti-invasion activity in combination of gemcitabine or cisplatin. Conclusion: Taken together, these preclinical evaluations reveal that Src could be a potential therapeutic target in biliary tract cancer and support clinical development of bosutinib alone or in combination with chemotherapy in biliary tract cancer. Citation Format: Ah-Rong Nam, Ahrum Min, Sae-Won Han, Sang-hyun Song, Do-Youn Oh, Seock-Ah Im, Tae-You Kim, Youg-Jue Bang. Evaluation of Src as a therapeutic target in biliary tract cancer using bosutinib, a c-Src/Abl kinase inhibitor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2081. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2081
Febrile convulsions in a national cohort followed up from birth. I--Prevalence and recurrence in the first five years of life.
Authors: C M Verity, N R Butler, J Golding
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Of 13 135 children followed up from birth to the age of 5 years, 303 (2.3%) had febrile convulsions. Prior neurological abnormality had been noted in 13. Of the 290 remaining children, 57 (20%) presented with a complex convulsion, and 103 children (35%) went on to have further febrile convulsions. The risk of further febrile convulsions varied with the age at first convulsion and the presence of a history of convulsive disorders in relatives. There were no significant differences between the sexes.