tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Samuel Howard Davies
Authors: Christopher A Ludlam
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former consultant haematologist Edinburgh (b 1914; q Edinburgh 1952; FRCP Ed, FRCPath), d 27 July 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Howard Davies established the department of haematology at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh in 1961. Under his direction, until his retirement in 1979, it grew rapidly to become pre-eminent in the field. He was instrumental in developing the effective model of a combined clinical and laboratory haematology department. He entered medical school after the second world war, during which he had served in north Africa and Italy. He spent five years in general medicine in the Midlands before returning to hospital medicine and carrying out research in blood coagulation. At this time renal dialysis and cardiopulmonary bypass techniques were being developed. Howard's investigations established how heparin should be administered and controlled to prevent extra-corporeal clotting of the blood. He leaves a wife, Anne, and a daughter.
Hypertension: A “Curriculum Book”
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

As part of the current penchant for curricular innovation, a number of medical schools are giving their students a book of learning objectives. With variable degrees of detail, these so-called curriculum books specify what information the students are expected to have, what concepts they should understand, and what skills they should acquire. Students so instructed presumably flounder about less as they contend with a plethora of textbooks, journals, lectures and symposiums. The system, however, is not without its problems: students told so precisely what they should know assume by implication that all medical knowledge not identified by the curriculum book . . .
DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER OF THE LARGE BOWEL
Authors: NEIL W. SWINTON
Journal: JAMA (1949)

The diagnostic criteria for advanced malignant disease of the large bowel are well recognized, but the diagnosis of early cancer and the differential diagnosis of benign polyps, diverticulitis and carcinoma require the closest cooperation of the clinician, the radiologist and the pathologist.  In a previous presentation of this subject, comprising a review 1 of 100 cases of cancer of the rectum, 100 cases of cancer of the left colon and 100 cases of cancer of the right colon, it was noted that the chief complaints of the patients could be placed in three groups (table 1):    SYMPTOMS   Rectal bleeding. Over 80 per cent of all patients with malignant disease of the large bowel will have associated rectal bleeding. This is the most significant symptom of cancer of the colon and rectum.  An alteration or change in bowel function. The mildly constipated patient who has been taking an
Domestic Violence and Physician Intervention
Authors: Richard B. Weinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 September 1996Domestic Violence and Physician InterventionRichard B. Weinberg, MDRichard B. Weinberg, MDBowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1048Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-5-199609010-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Rixey expresses concern that “Communion” may be taken as a cautionary tale of why “not to ask.” She worries that the story could amplify physicians' fears about personally rectifying the pyschosocial problems physicians may discover in their patients.The intense relationship described in my article does not imply that a physician must serve as a personal counsellor for every patient. Most often, as Dr. Rixey points out, resources are available to assist us in this task. Occasionally, however, the needs of a patient call us to commit ourselves beyond screening questions, beyond referrals, beyond the convenient or ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Richard B. Weinberg, MDAffiliations: Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1048 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe epistemically virtuous clinician 1 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 5Page: 427KeywordsDomestic violenceFear ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A follow up study of depression in the carers of dementia sufferers
Authors: C G Ballard, C Eastwood, M Gahir, G Wilcock
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Caring for people with dementia is stressful,1 and depression occurs in 30-50% of carers.2 Few data are available, however, about the course of depression or variables associated with the length of episodes, such as age, closeness of relationship, and non-cognitive symptoms among patients. We followed up a group of carers over a year to assess the length and determinants of depression.

We recruited 124 patients with dementia as defined by DSMIIIR from consecutive referrals to psychiatric services in Birmingham (99) and a memory clinic in Bristol (25); 90% of those approached agreed to participate. One hundred and nine had informal carers, of whom 85 were followed up for one year.

Carers were interviewed initially and every month with the geriatric mental state schedule and the …
Percutaneous intrapericardial fibrin-glue infusion therapy for rupture of left ventricular free wall following acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Shunei Kyo, Masanori Ogiwara, Naomasa Miyamoto, Takeshi Motoyama, Makoto Matsumura, Hiroshi Matsuo, Ryozo Omoto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Enhanced intracellular translocation and biodistribution of gold nanoparticles functionalized with a cell-penetrating peptide (VG-21) from vesicular stomatitis virus
Authors: Pooja Munnilal Tiwari, Erdal Eroglu, Swapnil Subhash Bawage, Komal Vig, Michael E. Miller, Shreekumar Pillai, Vida A. Dennis, Shree Ram Singh
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)

Reduced toxicity and ease of modification make gold nanoparticles (GNPs) suitable for targeted delivery, bioimaging and theranostics by conjugating cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). This study presents the biodistribution and enhanced intracellular uptake of GNPs functionalized with VG-21, a CPP derived from vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (G). Cell penetrating efficiency of VG-21 was demonstrated using CellPPD web server, conjugated to GNPs and were characterized using, UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential. Uptake of VG-21 functionalized GNPs (fGNPs) was tested in eukaryotic cell lines, HEp-2, HeLa, Vero and Cos-7, using flow cytometry, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasmon optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The effects of nanoparticles on stress and toxicity related genes were studied in HEp-2 cells. Cytokine response to fGNPs was studied in vitro and in vivo. Biodistribution of nanoparticles was studied in BALB/c mice using TEM and ICP-OES. VG-21, GNPs and fGNPs had little to no effect on cell viability. Upon exposure to fGNPs, HEp-2 cells revealed minimal down regulation of stress response genes. fGNPs displayed higher uptake than GNPs in all cell lines with highest internalization by HEp-2, HeLa and Cos-7 cells, in endocytotic vesicles and nuclei. Cytokine ELISA showed that mouse J774 cells exposed to fGNPs produced less IL-6 than did GNP-treated macrophage cells, whereas TNF-α levels were low in both treatment groups. Biodistribution studies in BALB/c mice revealed higher accumulation of fGNPs than GNPs in the liver and spleen. Histopathological analyses showed that fGNP-treated mice accumulated 35 ng/mg tissue and 20 ng/mg tissue gold in spleen and liver respectively, without any adverse effects. Likewise, serum cytokines were low in both GNP- and fGNP-treated mice. Thus, VG-21-conjugated GNPs have enhanced cellular internalization and are suitable for various biomedical applications as nano-conjugates.
Effects of Integrelin, a Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonist, in Unstable Angina
Authors: Steven P. Schulman, Pascal J. Goldschmidt-Clermont, Eric J. Topol, Robert M. Califf, Frank I. Navetta, James T. Willerson, Nisha C. Chandra, Alan D. Guerci, James J. Ferguson, Robert A. Harrington, A. Michael Lincoff, Steven J. Yakubov, Paul F. Bray, Raymond D. Bahr, Christopher L. Wolfe, Paul G. Yock, H. Vernon Anderson, Thomas W. Nygaard, Steven J. Mason, Mark B. Effron, Anil Fatterpacker, Stephen Raskin, Jack Smith, Lori Brashears, Patricia Gottdiener, Charles du Mee, Michael M. Kitt, Gary Gerstenblith
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Although aspirin is beneficial in patients with unstable angina, it is a relatively weak inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The effect of Integrelin, which inhibits the platelet fibrinogen receptor glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa, on the frequency and duration of Holter ischemia was evaluated in 227 patients with unstable angina. Methods and Results Patients received intravenous heparin and standard anti-ischemic therapy and were randomized to receive oral aspirin and placebo Integrelin; placebo aspirin and low-dose Integrelin, 45 μg/kg bolus followed by a 0.5-μg·kg −1 ·min −1 continuous infusion; or placebo aspirin and high-dose Integrelin, 90 μg/kg bolus followed by a 1.0-μg·kg −1 ·min −1 constant infusion. Study drug was continued for 24 to 72 hours, and Holter monitoring was performed. Patients randomized to high-dose Integrelin experienced 0.24±0.11 ischemic episodes (mean±SEM) on Holter lasting 8.41±5.29 minutes over 24 hours of study drug infusion. Patients randomized to aspirin experienced a greater number (1.0±0.33, P &lt;.05) and longer duration (26.2±9.8 minutes, P =.01) of ischemic episodes than the high-dose Integrelin group. There was no evidence of rebound ischemia after withdrawal of study drug. In 46 patients, platelet aggregation was rapidly inhibited by Integrelin in a dose-dependent fashion. The number of clinical events was small, and there were no bleeding differences in the three treatment arms. Conclusions Intravenous Integrelin is well tolerated, is a potent reversible inhibitor of platelet aggregation, and added to full-dose heparin reduces the number and duration of Holter ischemic events in patients with unstable angina compared with aspirin.
Safety, infectivity, immunogenicity, and in vivo stability of two attenuated auxotrophic mutant strains of Salmonella typhi, 541Ty and 543Ty, as live oral vaccines in humans.
Authors: M M Levine, D Herrington, J R Murphy, J G Morris, G Losonsky, B Tall, A A Lindberg, S Svenson, S Baqar, M F Edwards
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Two Salmonella typhi mutants, 541Ty (Vi+) and 543Ty (Vi-), auxotrophic for p-aminobenzoate and adenine, were evaluated as live oral vaccines. 33 volunteers ingested single doses of 10(8), 10(9), or 10(10) vaccine organisms, while four others received two 2 X 10(9) organism doses 4 d apart. No adverse reactions were observed. Vaccine was recovered from coprocultures of 29 of 37 vaccinees (78%) and from duodenal string cultures of two; repeated blood cultures were negative. The humoral antibody response to S. typhi O, H, Vi, and lysate antigens in serum and intestinal fluid was meager. In contrast, all vaccinees manifested cell-mediated immune responses. After vaccination, 69% of vaccinees overall and 89% of recipients of doses greater than or equal to 10(9) responded to S. typhi particulate or purified O polysaccharide antigens in lymphocyte replication studies but not to antigens of other Salmonella or Escherichia coli. All individuals, postvaccination, demonstrated a significant plasma-dependent mononuclear cell inhibition of wild S. typhi.
P585Fully differentiated cardiomyocites from human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells:
Authors: B Ghinassi, MA D'amico, P Izzicupo, I Antonucci, L Stuppia, A Di Baldassarre
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAFSC) are multipotent stem cells sharing characteristics of both embryonic and adult stem cells. It has been already reported that hAFSC can differentiate toward cardiac lineage though the embryonic body (EB) formation, but the 3D structure and cellular heterogeneity of EB represent an important limitation. Aim of this study was to fully differentiate the hAFSC overcoming the EB limitations. Methods: hAFSC were obtained from normal amniocentesis. Cells cultured in monolayer were exposed sequentially to Ascorbic Acid, 5-Azacytidine, BMP4, ActivinA, VEGF up to 20 days. Differentiation was evaluated monitoring by immunofluorescent and cytometric analyses the expression of CD90, as mesenchymal stem cell marker, and of Nkx2.5, Gata4, sarcomeric α-actinin (αSA), α cardiac myosin heavy chain (αMHC), cardiac T-troponin (TnT)and Connexin43 as cardiac markers. An ImageStream analysis for a simultaneous quantitative and morphological evaluation was also performed. Results: During the differentiation cultures cells underwent a progressive decrease of CD90 accompanied by the induction cardiac markers. After 15 days we evidenced that almost the entire cell population was positive for αMHC, αSA cTnT and Connexin 43 expressions (Table I); moreover, even if the % of Gata4+ and Nkx2.5+ cells did not varied during the culture, a significant increase of Nkx2.5 nuclear translocation (9.1±0.9% vs 18.0±1.8% Nkx2.5 nuclear positive cells in hAFSC and differentiated cells respectively, p<.005, analysis by ImageStream) was detected. Some small beating foci (about 8-10% of the plate) were also observed. Conclusion. We demonstrate that hAFSC can fully differentiate into myocytes giving rise to a homogenous population with cardiac-specific molecular and functional properties. Table 1 Table 1
Dangers of aspirin before cardiac surgery.
Authors: M. P. Holden
Journal: BMJ (1992)

hepatitis B virus is already fraught with difficulties.A good response (>100 mU antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen/ml) is achieved in only 76-4% of adults and is less likely with increasing ages; the vaccine is expensive, and uptake among health service workers is low.6These problems must not be compounded by use of an inappropriate site of injection.
THE VARIABILITY OF DISEASE GERMS.
Authors: J. F. PEAVY
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The theory of descent with modifications produced through the action of natural causes has been accepted by the best scientific minds of the age as expressing nature's method in the elaboration of organic forms. In no other way, perhaps, has this doctrine been of such signal service to science in general as through its influence upon the methods of studying and interpreting natural phenomena. Especially in the biologic sciences has this principle of development, of progressive modification, furnished the key for the solution of numerous problems. In the light of this principle, differences of kind are seen to arise through the accumulation of differences of degree, and, further, that these organic modifications arise through adaptation to the condition of life. The life of an organism is, in fact, a series of adjustments to varying conditions and forces which affect it. Hitherto, our observations and generalizations have related chiefly to the
Evidence that epithelial glycoprotein 330/megalin mediates uptake of polybasic drugs.
Authors: S K Moestrup, S Cui, H Vorum, C Bregengård, S E Bjørn, K Norris, J Gliemann, E I Christensen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Glycoprotein 330 (gp330) is an endocytic receptor expressed in the renal proximal tubules and some other absorptive epithelia, e.g., in the inner ear. The present study shows that the antifibrinolytic polypeptide, aprotinin, and the nephro- and ototoxic antibiotics, aminoglycosides, and polymyxin B compete for binding of 125I-urokinase-plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 complexes to purified rabbit gp330. Half maximal inhibition was measured at 4 microM for aprotinin, 50 microM for gentamicin, and 0.5 microM for polymyxin B. Drug binding to gp330 was validated by equilibrium dialysis of [3H] gentamicin-gp330 incubations and binding/uptake studies in rat proximal tubules and gp330-expressing L2 carcinoma cells. Analyses of mutant aprotinins expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that basic residues are essential for the binding to gp330 and renal uptake. The polybasic drugs also antagonized ligand binding to the human alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor. However, the rapid glomerular filtration of the drugs suggests kidney gp330 to be the quantitatively most important target. In conclusion, a novel role of gp330 as a drug receptor is demonstrated. The new insight into the mechanism of epithelial uptake of polybasic drugs might provide a basis for future design of drugs with reduced toxicity.
IMPETIGO CONTAGIOSA ACQUIRED IN A BACTERIOLOGICAL LABORATORY.
Authors: HENNING SCHMIDT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1959)

Journal Article IMPETIGO CONTAGIOSA ACQUIRED IN A BACTERIOLOGICAL LABORATORY. Get access HENNING SCHMIDT HENNING SCHMIDT Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen. Director: J. Ørskov, M.D Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 71, Issue 12, 1 December 1959, Pages 444–445, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1959.tb13381.x Published: 01 December 1959
Do DNA sequence variants in ABCA1 contribute to HDL cholesterol levels in the general population?
Authors: Päivi Pajukanta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

HDL has a key role in reverse cholesterol transport, mobilizing cholesterol from the peripheral tissues to liver. In this process, the ABC transporter A1 (ABCA1) protein controls the efflux of intracellular cholesterol to apoAI, the major apolipoprotein of HDL. Since ABCA1 mutations were discovered to cause Tangier disease, a rare recessive HDL deficiency, it has been speculated that sequence variants in ABCA1 might also contribute to variations in plasma HDL cholesterol levels in the general population. A new study provides genetic evidence supporting this hypothesis.
Diet To Reduce Cholesterol: Heart Recommendations Agree With NCI, DHHS
Authors: K. Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Diet To Reduce Cholesterol: Heart Recommendations Agree With NCI, DHHS Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 6, 21 March 1990, Pages 450–451, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.6.450 Published: 21 March 1990
Ventricular interaction during experimental acute pulmonary embolism.
Authors: I Belenkie, R Dani, E R Smith, J V Tyberg
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Although stroke volume may decrease markedly after acute pulmonary embolism, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) usually changes very little, which suggests that compliance or contractility or both are reduced. To test the hypothesis that the altered LV function during pulmonary embolism is primarily due to reduced preload mediated by increased pericardial constraint, hemodynamics and chamber dimensions (measured by sonomicrometry) were assessed in seven anesthetized dogs during control volume loading, after pulmonary embolism (with autologous blood clot), and after repeated pulmonary embolism in the volume-loaded state. The correlation between LVEDP and an index of LVED volume (LVED area index) throughout a wide range of LVEDP before and after embolism was poor (mean r = 0.42; range, 0-0.82). However, the correlation between transmural LVEDP (LVEDP-directly measured pericardial pressure) and LVED area index (mean r = 0.78; range, 0.61-0.94) was significantly higher (p = 0.03). Similarly, an index of stroke work (LV area stroke work) correlated less well (p less than 0.01) with LVEDP (mean r = 0.43; range, 0.07-0.77) than with transmural LVEDP (mean r = 0.82; range, 0.68-0.92). LV area stroke work also correlated well with the LV area index (mean r = 0.84; range, 0.70-0.95). These data indicate that neither compliance nor contractility is substantially altered during acute pulmonary embolism. The altered LV performance is due to reduced LV preload as reflected by a decrease in transmural LVEDP. This study also demonstrates that LVEDP is a poor index of LV preload during pulmonary embolism, whereas transmural LVEDP accurately reflects LVED dimensions.
Fulminant Serum Hepatitis and Meningococcic Meningitis
Authors: Terry B. Tri
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A YOUNG soldier contracted concomitantly fulminant serum hepatitis and meningococcic meningitis. He recovered without sequelae. We could find no previous reports of these two diseases occurring concomitantly. We believe there may be a relationship between the two diseases. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 17-year-old basic trainee was admitted to the hospital Jan 13, 1973, complaining of fever and arthralgia. His temperature was 38.8 C (101.8 F) and he had a localized maculopapular rash over the ankles. The rash and the fever resolved over the next several days. On the fourth day, his bilirubin level rose to 5.9 mg/100 ml, alkaline phosphatase level to 340 milliunits per milliliter (mU/ml), lactic dehydrogenase level to 650 mU/ml, and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) level to 1,450 mU/ml; the prothrombin time dropped to less than 10% of control, and the counterelectrophoresis test for hepatitis associated antigen (HAA) was positive. His temperature rose to 39.4
Angiographic findings after myocardial infarction in patients with previous bypass surgery: explanations for smaller infarcts in this group compared with control patients.
Authors: P A Crean, D D Waters, X Bosch, G B Pelletier, D Roy, P Théroux
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The incidence of previous coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital has risen from 2.3% to 11.2% in 6 years. We compared infarct size and the angiographically determined cause of infarction in 52 control patients and in 52 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction at least 2 months after they had undergone CABS. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups except for a higher incidence of preexisting Q waves in the post-CABS group (22 vs 10; p less than .05). Indexes of myocardial infarct size were smaller in the post-CABS group compared with those in control patients: peak creatine kinease (CK) level (IU/liter) 1113 +/- 1094 (mean +/- SD) vs 1824 +/- 1932 (p less than .01), peak CK-MB level (IU/liter) 173 +/- 230 vs 272 +/- 332 (p less than .02), peak summed ST segment elevation (mm) 3.5 +/- 4.8 vs 8.2 +/- 9.9 (p less than .005), and QRS score on days 7 to 10, 1.9 +/- 3.0 vs 4.3 +/- 3.4 (p less than .001). Postinfarction left ventricular ejection fraction was higher in the post-CABS group (53 +/- 13%) compared with that in control patients (47 +/- 12%; p less than .05). The incidence of total occlusion of the artery to the infarct zone was similar in the post-CABS and control patients (33 vs 27), as was the incidence of one-, two-, and three-vessel disease (artery plus graft). Collateral blood flow to the infarct zone was found in 27 post-CABS patients and in 23 control patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Giancarlo Marenzi, Gianfranco Lauri, Emilio Assanelli, Jeness Campodonico, Monica De Metrio, Ivana Marana, Marco Grazi, Fabrizio Veglia, Antonio L. Bartorelli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
674 BASELINE CREATININE AND HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE PREDICTS REVERSAL HEPATORENAL SYNDROME TYPE 1 WITH TERLIPRESSIN AND ALBUMIN THERAPY
Authors: E. Molina, J. Fernández-Castroagudín, R. Ferreiro, J. Iglesias-Canle, J. Larino, M. Alvarez del Castillo, M.S. Rodriguez, J.E. Dominguez-Munoz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)