tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outcome in patients with nonleukemic granulocytic sarcoma treated with chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy
Authors: A-M Tsimberidou, H M Kantarjian, E Estey, J E Cortes, S Verstovsek, S Faderl, D A Thomas, G Garcia-Manero, A Ferrajoli, J T Manning, M J Keating, M Albitar, S O'Brien, F J Giles
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Alagille syndrome is caused by mutations in human Jagged1, which encodes a ligand for Notch1
Authors: Linheng Li, Ian D. Krantz, Yu Deng, Anna Genin, Amy B. Banta, Colin C. Collins, Ming Qi, Barbara J. Trask, Wen Lin Kuo, Joanne Cochran, Teresa Costa, Mary Ella M. Pierpont, Elizabeth B. Rand, David A. Piccoli, Leroy Hood, Nancy B. Spinner
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
Psychiatric Consultation in an Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Alfred J. R. Koumans
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Recent years have seen the establishment of intensive care units (ICUs) in general hospitals, where medical treatment requiring constant supervision and intensive nursing care can be given. Another recent development is the interest in the use of a psychiatrist in the general hospital, especially for consultation on problems arising with medical and surgical patients. However, no publication dealing specifically with consultation to an ICU has come to my attention. There has been a shift in the focus of psychiatric consultation which parallels certain developments in psychiatry at large. Recently, "community psychiatry" has come upon the scene. This article describes the application of some of its principles to psychiatric consultation. The leverage point for the community psychiatrist is not so much the individual patient as the various care-giving persons in the community, to whom he acts as a mental health consultant. Direct interaction with patients is less his concern than indirect
Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon in bronchocentric granulomatosis.
Authors: Y Yoshikawa, L D Truong, T Watanabe
Journal: Thorax (1988)

The formation of eosinophilic radiate structures around fungi, helminth ova, and certain bacteria is most commonly called the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon.It has been sporadically described since the early twentieth century, mainly in the veterinary fields.'-3We report a striking example of this rare phenomenon in a human lung in which granulomatous fungal infection was noted.The bronchocentric or bronchiolocentric location of the granulomas in our case indicated bronchocentric granulomatosis, in which the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon has not previously been described. Case reportA 50 year old woman presented with a three year history of intermittent cough and wheezing.A chest radiograph was interpreted as showing a mass in the left upper lung field with accompanying atelectasis.Bronchoscopic examination showed considerable narrowing of the ostia of bronchi adjacent to the mass, but their mucosal surfaces remained intact.The results of repeated studies of sputum were negative for malignant cells, acid fast bacilli, and fungi.
Assessing Population Aging and Disability in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons from Malawi?
Authors: Andreas E. Stuck, Lyson Tenthani, Matthias Egger
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

In this week's issue of PLOS Medicine, Collin Payne and colleagues report a study of the burden of physical limitations and disability in rural Malawi, with a focus on disability transitions and health expectancies for adults aged 45 years and older, the age at which individuals in this low-income country begin to experience significant disability [1].The study is based on the Malawi Longitudinal Survey of Families and Health (MLSFH), which collected data on functional limitations, socioeconomic conditions, biomarkers, and health expectations, and performed HIV testing and counseling.The authors used the longitudinal data to estimate transition probabilities between disability states and microsimulation to calculate health expectancies for years of healthy, moderately limited, and severely limited life.
A NOTE ON THE PATHOMENTAL EFFECTS OF DEGENERATIVE HABIT.
Authors: H. S. DRAYTON
Journal: JAMA (1896)

In his play, "Two Gentlemen of Verona," Shakespeare makes Valentine say— "How use doth breed a habit in a man." In this remark we have an expression of psychological truth, that three centuries of later observation has not been able to gainsay. The disciples of heredity have availed themselves of the apparent effects of habit impression in formulating their creed, employing them as evidence of a double meaning, especially if they were of a degenerate nature. "Evidence here," they would say, "of congenital predisposition, to think and act in lines that enfeeble mind and pervert body." The pessimistic speculations of a Schopenhauer or a Nordau may echo the opinions of medieval prophets of a fate-bound destiny, and find a hearing in a certain class, but the cheerful sunlit view of a better future for him who seeks it earnestly is finding a larger recognition among the sober and thoughtful year
Severe tremors associated with use of thalidomide
Authors: S. Chiruka, C.S. Chapman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

HTLV-1-Related Lymphoma in Hong Kong ChineseTo the Editor: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an endemic infection in Southwest Japan and northern Taiwan [1] with carrier rates from 6% to 37% [2] and a 2.5% lifetime risk of adult T-cell lymphoma leukemia (ATLL).It accounts for 8-20% of all lymphomas in parts of Japan [2,3].The first case of ATLL in Hong Kong was reported in 1994 [4], and the associated HTLV-1 was virologically similar to nearby strains
Factors modulating the secretion of thyrotropin and other hormones of the thyroid axis.
Authors: G A Hedge, K C Wright, A Judd
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The first portion of this paper is devoted to an overview of the normal function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. This section emphasizes areas of current research interest and it identifies several sites and mechanisms that are potentially important interfaces with toxins or toxic mechanisms. We then describe an in vitro technique for the continuous superfusion of enzymatically dispersed pituitary cells; this approach is particularly valuable in studying the dynamics of the TSH responses to the factors known (or suspected) to regulate TSH secretion in vivo. Using this technique, we have found that 10(-5)M prostaglandin (PG)I2 stimulates TSH secretion without altering the response to TRH (10(-8)M), and that this stimulation is not due to its rapid conversion to 6-keto PGF1 alpha. In contrast PGs of the E series (PGE1 and PGE2, 10(-5)M) increase responsiveness to TRH but have no effect alone. We found no effects of any of the other prostanoids tested (PGs A2, B2, F1 alpha, F2 alpha, thromboxanes A2 and B2, and the endoperoxide analog, U-44069. Somatostain (10(-9)M inhibits TRH-induced TSH secretion, but does not alter the responsiveness to PGI2. These findings suggest that somatostatin blocks TSH secretion at a point that is functionally prior to the involvement of the PGs, and perhaps does so by blocking synthesis or limiting availability of selected PGs.
Antimalarial Effect of Sulphorthodimethoxine (Fanasil)
Authors: A. B. G. Laing
Journal: BMJ (1964)

A method of studying death-certification habits in different countries is described.The results obtained in a pilot inquiry among hospital physicians in Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States are discussed in relation to differences between these countries in the reported death rates from bron- chitis and arteriosclerotic heart disease.APPENDIX: CASE SUMMARIES Case 1.-Aged 50.Cough for 10 years, worse recently and associated with increasing dyspnoea.Physical signs: stupor; cyanosis; jugular venous congestion, oedema; poor chest expansion, diffuse rhonchi, basal fine rales, and bronchial breathing.E.C.G.: pointed P in II.Hb 102%.Died 24 hours later.P.M.: right ventricular hypertrophy, moderate coronary atheroma; pulmonary congestion, oedema, and emphysema; stomach full of altered blood, acute duodenal ulcers.Case 2.-Aged 64.Incipient gangrene of leg, with absent pulses.E.C.G.: Q and inverted T in II, III.No benefit from iliac thrombarterectomy.Leg amputation followed by gangrene spreading up from stump.No P.M. Case 3.-Aged 47.Sudden onset of severe central chest pain.History of paroxysmal dyspnoea at age 44, when hypertension and proteinuria were noted.Physical signs: B.P. 150/105 ; cardiac enlargement.Heavy proteinuria.Blood urea 71 mg./ 100 ml.E.C.G.: recent infarction.Died 2 weeks later after further attack of pain.P.M.: old and recent infarction, and considerable hyper- trophy, of left ventricle; right kidney small, with large area of cortical thinning ; left kidney granular.Case 4.-Aged 64.Productive cough and dyspnoea for years.Attacks in past 4 days of sudden faintness, sweating, and dyspnoea.Physical signs: cyanosis, dyspnoea, clubbing ; barrel-shaped chest with many rhonchi.Serum potassium 7.6 mEq/l.Died 2 days later.No P.M. Case 5.-Aged 42.Sore throat followed 1 month later by oedema; also by hypertension and proteinuria, which persisted.Readmitted 2 years later with heart failure.Hb 41%.Blood urea 216 mg./100 ml.P.M.: bullous emphysema; left ventricular hypertrophy; granular kidneys with thin cortices.Case 6.-Aged 40.Collapsed at work.Hypertension first noted 3 years previously, when tuberculous kidney was removed.Physical signs: stupor, hemiparesis ; B.P. 250/150; papilloedema and retinal exudates.Died in coma.No P.M. Case 7.-Aged 45.Three-months history of lassitude and dyspnoea.Physical signs:
New Cardioprotective Agent K201 Is Natriuretic and Glomerular Filtration Rate Enhancing
Authors: Ondrej Lisy, John C. Burnett
Journal: Circulation (2006)

K201 (JTV519) is a newly developed 1,4-benzothiazepine drug with antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective properties. It functions via stabilization of the ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel in the heart (RyR2). This receptor has been identified in the kidney, and in vitro studies suggest a role in the control of renal hemodynamics. To date, the in vivo function of this receptor is undefined. We hypothesized that this new drug, which is being developed for the treatment of heart failure for its myocardial actions, also possesses renal hemodynamic enhancing and excretory properties. We also used immunohistochemistry to identify RyR2 in the normal canine kidney.We investigated the renal actions of K201 during intrarenal infusion in normal anesthetized dogs. K201 was infused after baseline measurements at 2 doses (0.1 and 0.5 mg.kg(-1).min(-1)). Immunohistochemistry was used to identify RyR2 presence in the kidney not exposed to K201. K201 was potently natriuretic and diuretic, with glomerular filtration rate- and renal blood flow-enhancing actions. The excretory responses to K201 administration were associated with decreases in distal tubular reabsorption of sodium despite a mild decrease in mean arterial pressure, which returned to baseline levels after K201 discontinuation. Immunohistochemistry of the normal canine kidney revealed the presence of RyR2 in the medullary collecting duct cells.We report for the first time that the newly developed cardioprotective drug K201 possesses natriuretic, diuretic, glomerular filtration rate-enhancing, and vasodilating properties that go beyond myocardial actions and may support its therapeutic role in treatment of heart failure.
Don't strike and keep negotiating, urges NHS Employers
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Strike action by healthcare workers over public sector pension reforms would be “premature” and could create lasting damage, the head of the body representing NHS employers, has warned.

The warning follows mounting tensions between the government and public sector unions ahead of a scheduled national day of industrial action on 30 November, which could include hundreds of thousands of healthcare workers.

The one day strike has been spearheaded by the Trades Union Council to protest against planned changes to public sector pension arrangements, including higher contributions for those earning above £15 000 (€17 500; $23 600) a year, later retirement age, and the scrapping of the final salary pension scheme.

The Society of Radiographers, the …
Quality of Life and Functional Capacity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Irina Suman-Horduna, Denis Roy, Nancy Frasure-Smith, Mario Talajic, François Lespérance, Lucie Blondeau, Paul Dorian, Paul Khairy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The role of CD8+ T-cell responses in the pathogenesis of HIV-2, a naturally contained human retroviral infection
Authors: T de Silva, Y Peng, A Leligdowicz, I Zaidi, L Li, H Griffin, Blais M-E., T Vincent, M Saraiva, Yindom L-M., C van Tienen, A Jaye, H Whittle, T Dong, S Rowland-Jones
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
Superiority of ivermectin 1% cream over metronidazole 0·75% cream in treating inflammatory lesions of rosacea: a randomized, investigator-blinded trial
Authors: A. Taieb, J.P. Ortonne, T. Ruzicka, J. Roszkiewicz, J. Berth-Jones, M.H. Peirone, J. Jacovella
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Few therapeutic alternatives currently exist in the treatment of papulopustular rosacea (PPR).To demonstrate superiority of once-daily ivermectin 1% cream (IVM 1%) once daily vs. twice-daily metronidazole (MTZ 0·75%) cream, regarding percentage reduction of inflammatory lesions in subjects with moderate to severe PPR.In this Phase 3, investigator-blinded, randomized, parallel-group study, subjects received IVM 1% once daily, or MTZ 0·75% twice daily over 16 weeks. Efficacy assessments were inflammatory lesion counts and Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA). Safety assessments included incidence of adverse events (AEs) and local tolerance parameters. Subjects evaluated their disease following a 5-grade scale and completed questionnaires.A total of 962 subjects were randomized to receive IVM 1% (n = 478) or MTZ 0·75% (n = 484). At week 16, IVM 1% was significantly superior to MTZ 0·75% in terms of reduction from baseline in inflammatory lesions (83·0% vs. 73·7%; P < 0.001), observed as early as week 3 (Last Observation Carried Forward, LOCF). IGA results (subjects 'clear' or 'almost clear') also favoured IVM 1%: 84·9% vs. 75·4%, respectively (P < 0.001). Incidence of AEs was comparable between groups and local tolerability was better for IVM 1%. More subjects receiving IVM rated their global improvement as 'excellent' or 'good.'Ivermectin 1% cream was significantly superior to MTZ 0·75% cream and achieved high patient satisfaction.
Dr. Jack Kevorkian and Cases of Euthanasia in Oakland County, Michigan, 1990–1998
Authors: Lori A. Roscoe, Julie E. Malphurs, L.J. Dragovic, Donna Cohen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Comparison of Colonoscopy and Double-Contrast Barium EnemaTo the Editor: There is no mention of the performance of barium enema with respect to the quality of the colonic cleansing achieved and the radiologist's level of confidence.If the results of barium enema were poor despite excellent preparation of the patients and a high level of confidence onThe New England Journal of Medicine Downloaded from nejm.
Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Staging of Pediatric Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Authors: Gad Abikhzer, Konstantin Gourevich, Marc Arkovitz, Sergey Postovsky, Zohar Keidar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 7-year-old girl with a 1-month history of diffuse abdominal pain underwent an ultrasound which showed a pelvic mass with multiple peritoneal implants and ascites. An US-guided core biopsy of one of the implants as well as a transrectal biopsy of the pelvic tumor showed pathological findings consistent with epithelioid mesothelioma. We describe the findings on (18)F-FDG PET/CT in pediatric peritoneal mesothelioma.
Online sale of drugs and tests should be better regulated, says Nuffield report
Authors: A. McGauran
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Doctors should be trained in how to advise people who search online for health information and to buy drugs, says a new report from the Nuffield Council on Bioethics.

The report says that although online health information and services are convenient to use and extend choice, they could mislead, confuse, or create unnecessary anxiety.

Published on 12 October after a two year inquiry, the report also calls on the government to provide high quality health information on the internet or to ensure that such information is available. Healthcare professionals should draw their patients’ attention to these sites, says the council.

The report recommends that UK organisations such as medical schools, royal colleges, and the General Medical Council should …
NHS and social care leaders join forces to share knowledge of integrating services
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Senior NHS and social services leaders have announced they are planning a new campaign to show how integrating services across the social and health sectors can improve the quality of care and cut costs as concerns about making the policy work appear to be growing.

Three organisations—the Healthcare Financial Management Association, the Association of Directors of Adult Social Services, and the Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy—have announced a joint initiative to support integration. It aims to bring together health and social care finance practitioners locally and nationally to share understanding and analyse the effects of integration on the cost and quality of services.

The three bodies say it is the first time that they have worked together to ensure that patients’ and service users’ …
Bush insider recounts how ideology trumped science on US AIDS policy
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Ideology not science drove the prevention side of PEPFAR, the US international HIV/AIDS programme, during the Bush administration, an insider with personal knowledge of the situation said last week. The charge is not new but the source and the details are. They came at a forum at the liberal think tank The Center for American Progress.

They are contained in a new report and recommendations, “How Ideology Trumped Science: Why PEPFAR has failed to meet its potential,” written by Scott Evertz, which is to be published shortly. He was the domestic “AIDS Czar” appointed by President George Bush in 2001. He lasted only 15 months before being shifted to a position in the department of health dealing with AIDS internationally.

Speaking at the forum, Mr Evertz called PEPFAR (President’s Emergency Program for AIDS Relief ) “a heroic programme of monumental consequences” in terms of testing, treatment, prevention of mother to child transmission, and care for orphans. “However, from the very early discussions about the PEPFAR programme it became patently clear to me that we weren’t going to discuss certain harm reduction strategies in relation to either our domestic or international programming.”

Bush “did indicate to me rather strongly that needle exchange and condom …
Acute Vascular Endothelial Changes Associated with Increased Blood Velocity Gradients
Authors: DONALD L. FRY
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

The purpose of this study is to quantify the acute changes in endothelial histology that are associated with an induced increase in blood velocity. A nontraumatic intra-aortic device was designed to produce a rapid convergence of the aortic blood stream into a narrow channel along the ventral aspect of the thoracic aorta in dogs. The endothelial surface overlying this channel was exposed to a broad range of surface shearing stress by the accelerated blood flow. Techniques were developed to quantify the resulting distribution of shearing stress so that the stress to which the endothelial surface was exposed at every point along the channel could be determined. Special histologic techniques were developed using formalin fixation and gelatin embedding of the tissue so that endothelial cytology could be studied and criteria for normal cells established. Using these criteria, cell counts were done to establish the "normal" endothelial cell population density as a function of stress exposure. The stress corresponding to the mode of these cell density distribution curves was defined as the acute yield stress (τ c ). The acute yield stress for endothelial cells was found to be 379±85 ( SD ) dynes/cm 2 . Exposure to stress in excess of this value for periods as short as one hour resulted in marked deterioration of the endothelial surface consisting of endothelial cytoplasmic swelling, cell deformation, cell disintegration, and finally dissolution and erosion of cell substance. The relationship of these events to cellular rheology and interfacial chemistry is discussed.
Can We Prevent End-Stage Renal Disease due to Hypertension or to Diabetes Mellitus?
Authors: Robert G. Luke
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In the United States, there are about 200 000 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who either are being treated by long-term dialysis or have a functioning kidney transplant. Over 40 000 new patients need to start such renal replacement therapy each year. Two thirds of this ESRD is now due to two "treatable" systemic diseases. Because it is more common, type II diabetes mellitus causes more ESRD than type I, and causes it in older patients. The other main cause, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, causes ESRD mainly in older whites, whereas it is an important cause of ESRD in young adult and middle-aged African Americans. See also pp 3079 and 3085. The prevalence of ESRD is significantly higher in African Americans for all causes except congenital ones such as polycystic disease.<sup>1-3</sup>The black:white ratio for ESRD due to hypertensive nephrosclerosis approaches 20:1 in the age group 25 to 45 years.