tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hunting for Genes in Computer Data Bases
Authors: Mark S. Boguski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Hardly a month goes by without a report that some new gene for a human disease has been cloned. Recently, for example, the genes responsible for ataxia–telangiectasia and early-onset Alzheimer's disease were isolated. In the final analysis, such studies always come down to a DNA sequence and whatever biologic function (or functions) we can infer from it. In other words, we may know from genetic-linkage studies that a particular gene sequence (in mutated form) is responsible for a disease, but what clues can a DNA sequence provide about the precise pathophysiology of that disease? Overwhelmingly, the answer now lies in . . .
Occult Gastric Bleeding Demonstrated by Bone Scan and Tc-99m-DTPA Renal Scan
Authors: VICTOR W. LEE, BRUCE E. LEITER, FRANK WEITZMAN, JEROME H. SHAPIRO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

A patient is described who had coagulopathy and clinically intermittent gastrointestinal bleeding. The bleeding site was clearly shown on renal and bone imaging performed at a time when the patient was considered clinically to have stopped bleeding. A bleeding gastric ulcer was subsequently demonstrated by radionuclide and contrast angiography, and at surgery.
Bringing light to the sirens of night: laryngoscopy in catathrenia during sleep
Authors: S. R. Ott, J. Hamacher, E. Seifert
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

To the Editors:

Catathrenia is a rare sleep disorder characterised by groaning and prolonged expiration confined to sleep alternating with normal breathing that may occur at all sleep stages. After its first description in 1983 1, catathrenia was recently introduced into the International Classification of Sleep Disorders 2. Although the exact pathogenesis remains unknown, catathrenia has been considered a parasomnia. Important differential diagnoses include moaning during epileptic seizures, central sleep apnoea, sleep-related laryngospasm, expiratory snoring and stridor.

Most patients complain about social distress in their partnership, and only a minority suffers from excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment has shown to be effective in some patients 3.

Several postulated theories exist on the underlying mechanism. Ortega-Albas et al. 4 assumed the underlying mechanism was …
UK health professionals unite to combat climate change
Authors: N. Siva
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Doctors, nurses, and medical students came together on Saturday 5 December in London to join the largest ever UK rally on climate change, ahead of the United Nations summit that opened in Copenhagen on 7 December.

Healthcare professionals met at the Royal College of Nursing before joining the “Wave,” the UK rally for climate change. Rallies were held all over the …
The Chinese herbal medicine formula FAHF-2 completely blocks anaphylactic reactions in a murine model of peanut allergy
Authors: Kamal D. Srivastava, Jacob D. Kattan, Zhong Mei Zou, Jing Hua Li, Libang Zhang, Sylvan Wallenstein, Joseph Goldfarb, Hugh A. Sampson, Xiu-Min Li
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Th2 cells and GATA-3 in asthma: new insights into the regulation of airway inflammation
Authors: Anuradha Ray, Lauren Cohn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Asthma is a clinical syndrome characterized by intermittent episodes of wheezing and coughing. The diagnosis is confirmed by abnormal lung physiology, including reversible airway obstruction and airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The pathologic manifestations of asthma include airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and mucus hypersecretion. Since the advent of bronchoscopy, we have been able to assess the lower airways in asthmatics during periods of disease activity and when the disease is quiescent and lung function is normal. From these studies, it has become clear that persistent inflammation is central to the pathogenesis of asthma. Bronchoscopic biopsies, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and bronchoprovocation studies in patients with allergic asthma, intrinsic (nonallergic) asthma, or isocyanate-induced asthma show similar characteristic inflammatory responses. Increased numbers of inflammatory cells, predominantly eosinophils and lymphocytes, infiltrate the mucosa and submucosa in asthmatics independent of the etiology. It is now believed that airway inflammation leads to AHR (reviewed in ref. 1), airway remodeling (see article by Elias et al. in this series), and mucus hyperplasia (2, 3).
THREE-YEAR OUTCOMES IN THE OLIVE REGISTRY: A PROSPECTIVE MULTI-CENTER STUDY IN PATIENTS WITH CLINICAL LIMB ISCHEMIA
Authors: Osamu Iida, Masato Nakamura, Akira Miyamoto, Daizo Kawasaki, Yoshiaki Yokoi, Yoshimitsu Soga, Kan Zen, Keisuke Hirano, Nobuhiro Suematsu, Kenji Suzuki, Yoshiaki Shintani, Yusuke Miyashita, Kazushi Urasawa, Ikuro Kitano, Taketsugu Tsuchiya, Toshiro Shinke, Mitsuyoshi Takahara, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Shinsuke Nanto, Masaaki Uematsu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Oxazepam Poisoning in a Child
Authors: Peter M. Shimkin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

OXAZEPAM (Serax) is a recently introduced drug with pharmacologic and therapeutic properties similar to other members of the benzodiazepine group, eg, chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride (Librium), and diazepam (Valium).<sup>1,2</sup>Troublesome side effects of the earlier compounds have included ataxia, lethargy, drowsiness, paradoxical irritability, nausea, headache, vertigo, decreased libido, enuresis, edema, skin rash, physical dependence, and agranulocytosis. Most frequently observed have been drowsiness and ataxia, especially in the aged; agranulocytosis has been rare.<sup>3</sup>Oxazepam has been reported to produce lower incidence of these side effects, especially ataxia, at comparable doses.<sup>4</sup>Reports of overdosage as yet are few. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 2-year-old, 28-lb (12.8-kg), Negro girl was admitted to the hospital 18 hours after she had been fed six 15-mg oxazepam capsules by her 4-year-old sister. Three hours after ingestion, at bedtime, she fell out of bed twice before going to sleep. Twice thereafter she awoke screaming and terrified.
THE PHTHISICAL SOLDIER AT THE FRONT
Authors: T. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (1915)

t a "'o';L Jo1.NAL 3,.3 o lhave benefited very much from radiniic.andt ilhinR a s-econd dose would be very desirable.'34.I.xophthalmic goitre in a,woman of 32.recoinm-11ended h)v Professor Gulland.A mildl case ot three moicnth& dutration.Slighlt exophthalmos, weakness.nervousnesns, palpitatiou, oedema, thyroid slightly enlarged.Medicinal treatment so far -unavailing.A dose of 600 wg.h.administered externally as in the last case.This is the second patieht refelred to in Professor Gulland's letter, in -which he described her as being greatlv imaprov-eed.The other tlhree cases of exophtblalmic goitre were only g-ivren treatment at the end of October.and they hlave niot yet returned to report themselves.()tosclerosis.-Twocases of otoselerosis and one o f miiddlecar deafniess were treated with radliumna dn-lriiug the year.ThleCy are as follows:35.A female, aged 52, recomnieile(d by Dr. J. F.raser.Deaf for twenty-five years, and( regarded a-holpeless.Dr. Fraser writes: "The raised voice before treatlment could only be hea-rd at 6 in. in botht ears.After six applications of radium (dose 106 mg.h.) there was no improvement.andl the patienit stated that tlhe noises had beenl worse.rTlie raised voice was only heard at 4 in. in tie ear whiclh lha(l beeni treated.This was a case of advauced otosclerosis.3 6.Early otosolerosis in a femiiale, aged 22. recommlended i)v Dr.
T-Lymphocyte Variant of Hairy-Cell Leukemia
Authors: ANDREW SAXON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Immunohematologic studies on cells from a patient with the clinicopathologic syndrome of hairy-cell leukemia showed that the neoplastic cells had receptors for sheep erythrocytes and therefore had human-T-lymphocyte characteristics. The leukemic cells did not have the membrane receptors or immunoglobulin markers of B lymphocytes or monocytes nor did they synthesize immunoglobulin. A lymphoid cell line established in vitro from the cells had the same T-lymphocyte characteristics. The lymphoid cell line is positive for tartrateresistant acid phosphatase, forms rosettes with untreated sheep erythrocytes, and reacts with an anti-T-lymphocyte antiserum. Thus the syndrome of hairy-cell leukemia may occasionally result from the neoplastic proliferation of T lymphocytes as well as from the more usual B-lymphocyte form. This situation is analogous to that described previously in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other lymphoproliferative disorders.
Spectrum of immunodeficiencies with Hodgkin's disease.
Authors: J J Twomey, A H Laughter, L Rice, R Ford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

The role of six suppressor mechanisms upon T and B cell responses was studied on 17 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease. Proliferative hyporesponsiveness to mitogen was greatly impaired in 8 of the 13 patients. 10 of these patients had an excessive degree of suppression by cells that adhered to foreign surfaces. Suppression by adherent cells correlated with impairment of proliferative responses and, in some instances, suppression was largely inhibited with indomethacin. Likewise, adherent cells suppressed immunoglobulin synthesis. A correlation was evident between suppression of T and B cell responses by adherent mononuclear leukocytes from individual patients. This suppression coincided with elevated percentages of monocytes in the patient mononuclear cell preparations. This excess of monocytes was not the result of a circulating monocytosis. The monocyte excess may have been acquired during isopyknic cell separation. A second form of suppression was observed in 5 of the 11 patients affected by a lymphocyte that neither adhered to glass wool nor required preactivation. It did not inhibit allogeneic lymphocytes, which contrasts with the suppressor abnormality of monocytoid cells.
Caesarean section in Malawi: prospective study of early maternal and perinatal mortality
Authors: P. M Fenton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

To examine potentially modifiable factors that may influence the high maternal and perinatal mortality associated with caesarean section in Malawi.A prospective observational study of 8070 caesarean sections performed between January 1998 and June 2000 and associated complications.23 district and two central hospitals in Malawi.45 anaesthetists from hospitals that carried out caesarean sections.Associations between maternal or perinatal deaths in the first 72 hours and various quantifiable risk factors.Questionnaires were returned for 5236 caesarean sections in district hospitals and 2834 in central hospitals; 7622 (94%) were emergencies, 5110 (63%) were because of obstructed labour. Preoperative haemorrhagic shock was present in 610 women (7.6%), anaemia in 503 (6.2%), and ruptured uterus in 333 (4.1%). Eighty five women died (1.05%), 68 of whom died postoperatively on the wards. Higher maternal mortality was associated with ruptured uterus (adjusted odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 4.0), little anaesthetic training (2.9, 1.6 to 5.1), general as opposed to spinal anaesthesia (6.6, 2.3 to 18.7), and blood loss requiring transfusion of >or= 2 units (21.0, 11.7 to 37.7). Perinatal mortality up to 72 hours was 11.2% overall and was significantly associated with ruptured uterus and general rather than spinal anaesthesia.In sub-Saharan Africa high maternal and perinatal mortality at caesarean section is associated with major preoperative complications that are unusual in developed countries. Improved training in anaesthetics, wider use of spinal anaesthesia, and improved surveillance and resuscitation in postoperative wards might reduce mortality.
Sca-1+ Hematopoietic Cell–based Gene Therapy with a Modified FGF-2 Increased Endosteal/Trabecular Bone Formation in Mice
Authors: Susan L Hall, Kin-Hing William Lau, Shin-Tai Chen, Jon E Wergedal, Apurva Srivastava, Henry Klamut, Matilda H-C Sheng, Daila S Gridley, Subburaman Mohan, David J Baylink
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

This study assessed the feasibility of using an ex vivo stem cell antigen-1–positive (Sca-1+) cell–based systemic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) gene therapy to promote endosteal bone formation. Sca-1+ cells were used because of their ability to home to, and engraft into, the bone marrow cavity. The human FGF-2 gene was modified to increase protein secretion and stability by adding the bone morphogeneic protein (BMP)-2/4 hybrid signal sequence and by mutating two key cysteines. Retro-orbital injection of Sca-1+ cells transduced with a Moloney leukemia virus (MLV)–based vector expressing the modified FGF-2 gene into sub-lethally irradiated W41/W41 recipient mice resulted in long-term engraftment, more than 100-fold elevation in serum FGF-2 level, increased serum bone-formation markers, and massive endosteal bone formation. In recipient mice showing very high serum FGF-2 levels (>2,000 pg/ml), this enhanced endosteal bone formation was so robust that the marrow space was filled with bony tissues and insufficient calcium was available for the mineralization of all the newly formed bone, which led to secondary hyperparathyroidism and osteomalacia. These adverse effects appeared to be dose related. In conclusion, this study provided compelling test-of-principle evidence for the feasibility of using an Sca-1+ cell–based ex vivo systemic FGF-2 gene therapy strategy to promote endosteal bone formation. This study assessed the feasibility of using an ex vivo stem cell antigen-1–positive (Sca-1+) cell–based systemic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) gene therapy to promote endosteal bone formation. Sca-1+ cells were used because of their ability to home to, and engraft into, the bone marrow cavity. The human FGF-2 gene was modified to increase protein secretion and stability by adding the bone morphogeneic protein (BMP)-2/4 hybrid signal sequence and by mutating two key cysteines. Retro-orbital injection of Sca-1+ cells transduced with a Moloney leukemia virus (MLV)–based vector expressing the modified FGF-2 gene into sub-lethally irradiated W41/W41 recipient mice resulted in long-term engraftment, more than 100-fold elevation in serum FGF-2 level, increased serum bone-formation markers, and massive endosteal bone formation. In recipient mice showing very high serum FGF-2 levels (>2,000 pg/ml), this enhanced endosteal bone formation was so robust that the marrow space was filled with bony tissues and insufficient calcium was available for the mineralization of all the newly formed bone, which led to secondary hyperparathyroidism and osteomalacia. These adverse effects appeared to be dose related. In conclusion, this study provided compelling test-of-principle evidence for the feasibility of using an Sca-1+ cell–based ex vivo systemic FGF-2 gene therapy strategy to promote endosteal bone formation.
When robots fail: The complex processes of learning and development
Authors: Ludovic Marin, Olivier Oullier
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Although robots can contribute to the understanding of biological behavior, they fail to model the processes by which humans cope with their environment. Both development and learning are characterized by complex relationships that require constant modification. Given present technology, robots can only model behaviors in specific situations and during discrete stages. Robots cannot master the complex relationships that are the hallmark of human behavior.
Lentiviral Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer in T Cells from Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome Patients Leads to Functional Correction
Authors: Loïc Dupré, Sara Trifari, Antonia Follenzi, Francesco Marangoni, Teresa Lain de Lera, Antonio Bernad, Silvana Martino, Shigeru Tsuchiya, Claudio Bordignon, Luigi Naldini, Alessandro Aiuti, Maria-Grazia Roncarolo
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked primary immunodeficiency with a median survival below the age of 20 due to infections, severe hemorrhage, and lymphomas. Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells from HLA-identical sibling donors is a resolutive treatment, but is available for a minority of patients. Transplantation of genetically corrected autologous hematopoietic stem cells or T cells could represent an alternative treatment applicable to all patients. We investigated whether WAS gene transfer with MMLV-based oncoretroviral and HIV-based lentiviral vectors could restore normal functions of patients' T cells. T cells transduced either with lentiviral vectors expressing the WAS protein (WASP) from the ubiquitous PGK promoter or the tissue-specific WASP promoter or with an oncoretroviral vector expressing WASP from the LTR, reached normal levels of WASP with correction of functional defects, including proliferation, IL-2 production, and lipid raft upregulation. Lentiviral vectors transduced T cells from WAS patients at higher rates, compared to oncoretroviral vectors, and efficiently transduced both activated and naïve WAS T cells. Furthermore, a selective growth advantage of T cells corrected with the lentiviral vectors was demonstrated. The observation that lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer results in correction of T cell defects in vitro supports their application for gene therapy in WAS patients.
A thermosensitive gel formulation of an empirical traditional Chinese prescription for treating cervical erosion
Authors: Shuqing Zhou, Xiaoling Zheng, Caihong Zheng, Fan Qu, Xuefen Cai, Juanhua Xu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Cervical erosion, a pathological change associated with chronic cervicitis, is a common condition that is difficult to cure. Many patients particularly those with mild or medium infection and those preparing for pregnancy require a simple but effective medication. In this study, extracts of an empirical herbal prescription composed of six Chinese traditional drugs viz Cortex Phellodendri, Rhizoma Coptidis, Olibanum, Myrrha, borneol and catechu were formulated to facilitate intravaginal administration and improve efficacy. An extract of the first four components was formulated with borneol as a thermosensitive gel (TG) while an extract of catechu used to prepare a regular gel (CG) because of a chemical incompatibility. The optimized TG was prepared using poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188. The CG was prepared using glycerin, carbopol and triethanolamine. The gels were characterized in vitro in terms of release of berberine (TG) and total catechins (CG) and in vivo in a rat model of cervical erosion. Treatment by once daily application of the TG for 7 days followed by once daily application of the CG for 3 days produced a restoration of normal tissues. Gel formulation of the empirical Chinese traditional remedy appears to provide a promising treatment for cervical erosion.
Looking beyond the scope: recurrent rectal bleeding in a young woman
Authors: Natasha Janko, T C Nguyen, John Lubel
Journal: Gut (2014)

A 27-year-old woman presented with 1 week of bright red rectal bleeding with generalised abdominal pain and loose stools. She had experienced three similar episodes that settled spontaneously in the year prior. Relevant past history included subcutaneous masses on left shoulder, left elbow and right paravertebral region since childhood and migraine. There was no history of inflammatory bowel disease or previous infective colitis. On clinical examination, she was haemodynamically stable. There was a cutaneous vascular lesion present on her left lower limb that was thought to represent a port-wine naevus (capillary malformation). Abdominal examination revealed generalised tenderness with no guarding, rigidity or palpable masses. Rectal examination revealed external haemorrhoids. Basic blood parameters were all within normal limits. Stool sample revealed …
The myeloma-associated oncogene fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 is transforming in hematopoietic cells
Authors: Zhihua Li, Yuan Xiao Zhu, Elizabeth E. Plowright, P. Leif Bergsagel, Marta Chesi, Bruce Patterson, Teresa S. Hawley, Robert G. Hawley, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2001)
NHANES III Health Data Relevant for Aging Nation
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

SUBSTANTIAL information on the health status of older Americans is beginning to accumulate from the findings of the third National Health and N utrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). "All other studies, including the first 2 NHANES, have excluded those over 74 years of age. From this third NHANES, for the first time we now have information on those over 80 years," said Tamara Harris, MD, chief, Geriatric Epidemiology Office, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Harris chaired a symposium reporting some of the findings among older subjects from NHANES III that was held during the 49th annual scientific meeting of the Gerontological Society of America in Washington, DC. The NHANES surveys are unique in that, in addition to interviews and recalls, they include data from direct physical examination, screening procedures, anthropometric measures, and laboratory studies. The health status of older Americans is 1 of 4 areas
Who Is To Decide: Functional Disability Screening as an Example
Authors: Duncan B. Neuhauser
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Editorials15 November 1989Who Is To Decide: Functional Disability Screening as an ExampleDuncan B. Neuhauser, PhD, Jacquelinn Studer, BSNDuncan B. Neuhauser, PhDSearch for more papers by this author, Jacquelinn Studer, BSNSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-10-775 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPhysician A: "Patients should be systematically assessed for functional disability. The American College of Physicians and Society of General Internal Medicine recommend it. It makes obvious good sense."Physician B: "The study by Rubenstein and colleagues [Reference 1] shows that such efforts are not beneficial. Internists were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group doctors were educated and given functional status reports on their patients. All patients were evaluated quarterly for functional status and no differences in health outcomes were observed. I conclude that systematic functional assessment is not beneficial and is not worth the effort."Physician...References1. Rubenstein L, Calkins D, and Young R. Improving patient function: a randomized trial of functional disability screening. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:836-42. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Walton M. The Deming Management Method. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.; 1986. Google Scholar3. Continuous quality improvement. Health Matrix. 1989;7(3)[In press]. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Duncan B. Neuhauser, PhD; Jacquelinn Studer, BSNAffiliations: Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1989Volume 111, Issue 10Page: 775-776KeywordsDisabilities ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 November 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Gene Targeting Reveals a Critical Role for Neurturin in the Development and Maintenance of Enteric, Sensory, and Parasympathetic Neurons
Authors: Robert O Heuckeroth, Hideki Enomoto, John R Grider, Judith P Golden, Julie A Hanke, Alana Jackman, Derek C Molliver, Mark E Bardgett, William D Snider, Eugene M Johnson, Jeffrey Milbrandt
Journal: Neuron (1999)
Deregistered psychiatrist convicted of murder
Authors: Melissa Sweet
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A deregistered Sydney psychiatrist, Jean Eric Gassy, faces possible life imprisonment after being found guilty of the murder of a former colleague and senior Australian health official, Dr Margaret Tobin, who was involved in his removal from the medical register.

Dr Tobin was director of mental health services in South Australia at the time of her murder, at the age of 51 years, in October …