tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of Chest Computed Tomography at Diagnosis in the Management of Wilms’ Tumor: A Study by the United Kingdom Children’s Cancer Study Group
Authors: C. M. Owens, P. A. Veys, J. Pritchard, G. Levitt, J. Imeson, C. Dicks-Mireaux
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

This study sought to determine whether the identification of minimal pulmonary metastatic disease by chest computed tomography (CT) performed at diagnosis in patients with Wilms' tumor and normal chest x-rays (CXR) could predict a subgroup of children at increased risk of pulmonary relapse.A retrospective analysis was carried out of the records of 449 children entered onto the United Kingdom Childrens' Cancer Study Group Second Wilms' Tumor Study between July 1986 and September 1991. The imaging protocol did not stipulate chest CT at diagnosis, but 141 children who had normal frontal and lateral CXRs and a chest CT scan performed at diagnosis were eligible for analysis. After surgery, children with stage I Wilms' tumor received single-agent chemotherapy (vincristine), whereas children with stages II, III, and bilateral Wilms' tumor received combination chemotherapy. Most children with stage III tumors were also treated with abdominal radiotherapy (20 Gy).In 31 patients (22%), pulmonary nodules were visible on chest CT; eight experienced relapse, four (15%) in the lungs. When only stage I patients were analyzed, there was a significant difference between the pulmonary relapse rate of 43% (three of seven) in the CT-positive group and 10% (five of 48) in the CT-negative group (P =.02). Four of eight patients with stage I disease with pulmonary relapse died.CT seemed to identify a subgroup of stage I patients who were at increased risk of pulmonary relapse. These children had received only single-agent chemotherapy. A prospective randomized trial is needed to clarify whether these children would benefit from combination chemotherapy.
No news is good news: Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2011)

When the latest report on maternal mortality in the United Kingdom was published three months ago, there was a small flurry of press interest, focused on a rise in deaths from sepsis ( BJOG 2011;118:s1, doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02847.x). The press interest quickly faded because no one was to blame: most of the infections had been acquired in the community. Had the infections arisen in hospital all hell would have broken loose.⇓



Scapegoats, individual or institutional, are essential nowadays for triggering action in the health and social services. …
Repeat vascular brachytherapy for patients with in-stent restenosis who failed radiation therapy
Authors: Robert Lew, Ron Waksman, Andrew E. Ajani, Rebecca Torguson, Lowell F. Satler, William O. Suddath, Nai-Chuen Yang, Ellen Pinnow, Barbara Pearson, Michael Parrazzo, Olga Walter, Joseph Lindsay
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
GENETIC CONTROL OF THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN INBRED MICE
Authors: Hugh O. McDevitt, Marvin L. Tyan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

The transfer of spleen cells from (C3H x C57Bl/6) F(1) mice, capable of responding to (T,G)-A--L, into irradiated C3H parental recipients, normally incapable of responding to (T,G)-A--L, transfers the ability to make either a primary or secondary immune response to this synthetic polypeptide antigen. This localizes the genetic control of the ability to respond to the spleen cell population and indicates that the genetic control is exerted upon a process directly related to antibody formation. Studies with congenic strains of mice and linkage studies in segregating backcross populations show that the ability to respond to (T,G)-A--L and (H,G)-A--L is linked to the H-2 locus and can thus be localized to the IXth mouse linkage group. Note Added in Proof: Of the three possible recombinant animals noted in Tables IV and V, two were infertile. The third animal was not a recombinant, since progeny testing and reimmunization showed that this animal was an H-2(2)/H-2(k) heterozygote capable of responding well to (T,G)-A--L.
DNR in the OR-Reply
Authors: Stuart J. Youngner
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In Reply.  —We agree wholeheartedly with Franklin and Rothenberg's suggestion. Patients with DNR orders should be given the option to have aggressive resuscitative measures instituted to get them through surgery with a guarantee that such measures will be discontinued if the pathological process proves irreversible.  Such an agreement gives the patient's caretakers an obligation to see that it is kept. This may be particularly important for patients who end up in a new clinical setting after surgery, eg, from a medical floor to surgery and then ventilator-dependent in a surgical intensive care unit. In such cases, continuity of care and effective communication may be problematic. The unpleasant duty to turn off a ventilator or otherwise halt life-sustaining care may fall to house officers, attending physicians, or nurses who are both strangers to the patient and passive recipients of an agreement made by others. Under such circumstances, the patient's wishes may
Effects of Postshock Atrial Pacing on Atrial Defibrillation Outcome in the Isolated Sheep Heart
Authors: A. C. Skanes, R. A. Gray, C. L. Zuur, J. Jalife
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Failed atrial defibrillation shocks are associated with organization of postshock activity and a substantial postshock electrical quiescence. We investigated the ability of a train of pacing stimuli to capture or locally entrain atrial myocardium during the quiescent period after low-energy shocks and to alter defibrillation outcome. Methods and Results —High-resolution video imaging of near-defibrillation-threshold atrial shocks was performed in 12 Langendorff-perfused sheep hearts. A train of 10 pacing stimuli (10-ms pulse width, 200-ms cycle length) was coupled to the shock at various delays in 7 hearts. Coupling intervals of 40 to 130 ms were investigated for feasibility of capture of the first pacing stimulus. The success rate of capture was 0, 0.08±0.08, 0.43±0.13, 0.73±0.13, and 0.11±0.1 for 40-, 60-, 80-, 100-, and 120-ms coupling intervals, respectively ( P &lt;0.001). In 5 experiments, the coupling interval was fixed at 100 ms (highest success, see above), and the pacing stimulus amplitude was varied between 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 V. Successful capture rates were 0.38±0.08, 0.75±0.08, and 0.64±0.08, respectively ( P &lt;0.003 for 1.0 versus 2.0 V, P =0.2 for 2.0 versus 4.0 V). Rates of successful defibrillation for the groups without and with pacing were 0.56±0.07 and 0.64±0.04, respectively ( P =0.3). With capture of the first pacing stimulus, the rate of successful defibrillation rose to 0.75±0.05 ( P &lt;0.01); it remained unchanged without capture (0.48±0.07 versus 0.56±0.07 for no pacing). Conclusions —Pacing during the quiescent period that follows defibrillation shocks is feasible. A pacing train whose first pacing stimulus successfully captures during the quiescent period of near-defibrillation-threshold shocks appears to alter the outcome.
Persistently Perplexing Purpuras: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Dorothea Zucker-Franklin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 November 1994Persistently Perplexing Purpuras: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Immune Thrombocytopenic PurpuraDorothea Zucker-Franklin, MDDorothea Zucker-Franklin, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-9-199411010-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The recent report by Olenich and Schattner [1] of a case considered to represent postpartum TTP did not provide sufficient data to permit this diagnosis. Of the usual manifestations of TTP—thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, neurologic symptoms, fever, and renal dysfunction—the patient in question seemed to have only two. Apparently, no hypertension, neurologic symptoms, or evidence of consumption coagulopathy were noted. A description of a skin or mucosal biopsy specimen confirming the clinical impression by showing aneurysmal dilatation at arteriocapillary junctions and hyaline deposits was also absent [2]. Unquestionably, this patient had thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia. We previously ...References1. Olenich M, Schattner E. Postpartum thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) complicating pregnancy-associated immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:845-7. Google Scholar2. Kwaan HC. Clinicopathologic features of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Semin Hematol. 1987; 24:71-81. Google Scholar3. Zucker-Franklin D, Karpatkin S. Red-cell and platelet fragmentation in idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. N Engl J Med. 1977; 297:517-23. Google Scholar4. Evans RS, Takahashi K, Duane AB, Payne R, Liu CK. Primary thrombocytopenic purpura and acquired hemolytic anemia: evidence for a common etiology. Arch Intern Med. 1951; 87:48-65. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1994Volume 121, Issue 9Page: 720-721KeywordsBiopsyDisseminated intravascular coagulationFeversHemolytic anemiaHypertensionIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpuraThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical and statistical evaluation of self-monitoring blood glucose meters.
Authors: J Y Poirier, N Le Prieur, L Campion, I Guilhem, H Allannic, D Maugendre
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare statistical and clinical methods for the evaluation of five self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) meters. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Two successive capillary blood glucose measurements were performed, and a simultaneous laboratory venous glucose measurement was used as the reference value. Accuracy was studied by comparing each of the two successive meter values with the reference value by 1) a Spearman's correlation test, 2) a Wilcoxon's paired test, 3) the percentage of values within the 10% interval of the reference value according to the American Diabetes Association consensus statement, and 4) the error grid analysis. RESULTS: The first two methods did not discriminate between the SMBG systems: r was &amp;gt;0.92 for the five meters, and a significant difference between the meter and reference values was found for all but one meter. The two other methods allowed classification of the devices into three groups according to their accuracy: good (two meters), acceptable (two meters), and unacceptable (one meter). These two methods gave consistent results and both had a good reproducibility, because the classification was similar for the two successive measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Both the Spearman's and Wilcoxon's paired tests, although commonly used, are inappropriate to evaluate SMBG systems. The percentage of SMBG values within the +/-10% interval and the error grid analysis are more accurate, because they consistently classified the five glucose meters tested in our study with a high degree of reproducibility.
Clay Ingestion and Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: WILLIAM H. CROSBY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1982Clay Ingestion and Iron Deficiency AnemiaWILLIAM H. CROSBY, M.D.WILLIAM H. CROSBY, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-3-456_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gonzalez and associates (1) in their brief report on clay ingestion as the cause of severe hypokalemia in a young woman claim that clay ingestion also caused the patient's iron deficiency anemia.It is well established that pica, the compulsive eating of something—in this case clay—is a consequence, not the cause of iron deficiency (2, 3). This report shows the clinical dangers in the authors' misconception. The true cause of the iron-deficiency anemia was not sought. The authors do not state whether stool specimens were examined for blood loss, even in the presence of a hiatus hernia....References1. GONZALEZOWENSUNGAROWERKWENTZ JWPEP. Clay ingestion: a rare cause of hypokalemia. Arch Intern Med. 1982;97:65-6. AbstractGoogle Scholar2. COLTMAN C. Pagophagia and iron lack. JAMA. 1969;207:513-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CROSBY W. Pica. JAMA. 1976;235:2765. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA rare case of hypokalaemia and hypophosphataemia secondary to geophagiaGeophagic materials: the possible effects of their chemical composition on human healthInvoluntary soil ingestion and geophagia: A source and sink of mineral nutrients and potentially harmful elements to consumers of earth materialsEffects of iron and multimicronutrient supplementation on geophagy: a two-by-two factorial study among Zambian schoolchildren in LusakaPhenomenology of PicaPica: Symptom or Eating Disorder? A Historical AssessmentCultural and medical perspectives on geophagiaPica and iron-deficiency anaemiaMaternal nutrition and infant mortality rates: An evaluation of the bourgeoisie of 18th‐century montbéliardEditor's MailNausea and vomiting and dietary cravings and aversions during pregnancy in South African womenIron Deficiency and PicaJORGE J. GONZALEZ, M.D. 1 September 1982Volume 97, Issue 3Page: 456-456KeywordsBloodEatingHerniaIngestionIron deficiencyIron deficiency anemia Issue Published: 1 September 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Electrical Effects of Stimulating the Endocardial Surface of the Right Ventricle of the Dog
Authors: ALBERT M. ATTYAH
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The endocardial surface of the right ventricle in four dogs was stimulated by a unipolar electrode introduced into the cavity of the right ventricle by means of a catheter. Electrical changes at a suprajacent point on the right wall were recorded by the V lead method of Wilson. In every experiment the induced QRS complexes were initiated by a positive electrical change.
Optimal vs Optional Testing For Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Edwin L. Bemis
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The last quarter century has witnessed tremendous developments in the field of human biology. Some have been accompanied by considerable debate among physicians and, in recent years, have been the cause of added controversy and frustration, with heated discussions involving not only physicians themselves, but also government agencies and "consumers." Perhaps none better exemplifies this than the continual developments in the area of sickle cell disease. In 1949, Pauling and his colleagues<sup>1</sup>demonstrated that the hemoglobin from patients with sickle cell anemia differed from the normal in its electrophoretic mobility. This discovery opened a virtual "Pandora's box;" today, innumerable abnormal hemoglobins are well known in addition to hemoglobin S. About 20 years after their contribution, Nalbandian et al<sup>2</sup>reported on the reversal of sickling in vitro, by the addition of urea. Attempts to accomplish reversal of sickling in vivo have been the subject of considerable debate over the
Differential involvement of the dorsal and lumbar spine in osteoporosis.
Authors: M Bhambhani, A J Crisp, J E Compston
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

The presence of normal bone density values in the lumbar spine is often assumed to exclude osteoporosis. Eleven cases are reported in which normal lumbar spine bone density and radiology were associated with one or more dorsal spine fractures; the diagnosis was postmenopausal osteoporosis in eight patients and corticosteroid induced osteoporosis in three. These findings suggest that spinal osteoporosis may sometimes be a focal disorder and emphasise the need for dorsal spine radiology in addition to bone densitometry in patients with strong risk factors for osteoporosis or with clinical evidence of the dorsal spine being affected.
ALKALIS IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLUENZA
Authors: Anstruther Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1918)

To the Editor:  —The note inThe Journal, October 26, by Dr. T. C. Ely on the treatment of influenza is timely, as the present generation has been prone to rely on the coal tar derivatives and acetylsalicylic acid: remedies more comforting than curative in this disease. The use of alkalis in colds is probably as old as the pyramids, and is the common method employed by at least the older medical men. They prescribed liquor ammonii acetatis if there were bronchial or tracheal symptoms, and potassium citrate under other circumstances. The potash salts are perhaps more effective in such troubles than the soda salts.  Dr. Ely is right, I think, in emphasizing the necessity of administering alkalis. The influenza bacillus, like most others, does not flourish in an alkaline medium, and taking advantage of this circumstance I have been advocating the administration of sodium bicarbonate as a preventive in
Benjamin Rush and the Negro
Authors: BETTY L. PLUMMER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

The author describes Rush's interest in the social problems of his day, particularly his concern with relations between blacks and whites. Rush was active in the abolition movement; his tracts and extensive correspondence especially emphasized the detrimental effects of slavery on the mind. He was also frequently involved in such activities of Philadelphia's black community as the securing of funds for the construction of churches.
Chronic Cor Pulmonale in Delhi
Authors: S. PADMAVATI, S. N. PATHAK
Journal: Circulation (1959)

The incidence of chronic cor pulmonale in Indian states, including Delhi, is the highest reported in nonindustrial populations. The patients presented as acute severe congestive heart failure and at younger ages than those reported. In many cases there was only a short history of respiratory symptoms. Following the first attack of failure, repeated attacks were the rule and death ensued within 2 years. A study is presented of 127 patients of this type in Delhi with clinical and laboratory data and autopsy data of 4 cases. The probable causes of these peculiar features are discussed.
Bacteria Protect Colorectal Cancer Cells From Immune Destruction
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical and Immunologic Features of Primary EpsteinBarr Virus Infection and Infectious Mononucleosis.
Authors: Daniel E. Lehane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Clinical and Immunologic Features of Primary EpsteinBarr Virus Infection and Infectious Mononucleosis.Daniel E. Lehane, M.D., Neil R. Newberg, M.D., Walter E. BeamDaniel E. Lehane, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Neil R. Newberg, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Walter E. BeamSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-828_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSeveral investigators have demonstrated rising Epstein Barr (EB) virus antibody titers in infectious mononucleosis. Since most EB virus infections go unrecognized and EB virus has been associated with several other conditions, the causal relationship of EB virus to infectious mononucleosis remains uncertain. We have attempted to clarify this relationship by describing primary EB virus infections in terms of serum and nasal secretory immunoglobin responses. The clinical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis have been determined by reviewing 66 documented cases, and a mild illness similar to mononucleosis has been demonstrated during typical EB virus infections.Serum and nasal secretion specimens collected biweekly... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Daniel E. Lehane, M.D.; Neil R. Newberg, M.D.; Walter E. BeamAffiliations: MSC USN Camp LeJeune, N.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5 Page: 828-828 Keywords Clinical immunology Epstein-Barr virus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Conybeare's Textbook of Medicine
Authors: Robert L. Grissom
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>Savill's System of Clinical Medicine, Dealing With the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Disease for Students and Practitioners.</h3> Edited by E. C. Warner. 14th ed. 1,498 pp, 274 illus. $16. Williams &amp; Wilkins Co., 1964 These two textbooks in medicine were published nearly simultaneously in their 14th editions. The Conybeare text, first issued in 1949, uses several contributors from London, about a third of them from Guy's Hospital. With this 14th edition, Sir John Conybeare has relinquished the senior editorship to the new editor, W. N. Mann. Most of the changes have to do with bringing the contents up to date, especially in sections on treatment. Some drugs may be unfamiliar to the American. For example, methoserpidine and pempidine are mentioned prominently in the treatment of hypertension. These are available in England but not in the United States. Hexamethonium, also mentioned, is no longer readily available here. Tables of ideal
Value of screening for secondary causes of hyperlipidaemia in general practice
Authors: P Evans, D P Gray
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The number of estimations of serum cholesterol concentrations being performed has risen dramatically in the past few years. The reason for the rise is partly that general practitioners are increasingly realising the importance of cholesterol and partly that authoritative reports - notably that of the Royal College of General Practitioners1 and the European Atherosclerosis Society2 - have encouraged general practitioners to screen for raised cholesterol concentrations.

Leading lipidologists and all the major textbooks emphasise the association between a raised serum cholesterol concentration and diabetes, hypothyroidism, excessive alcohol consumption, and renal failure,3, 4 and virtually all authorities advise general practitioners to make sure that when hyperlipidaemia is present no treatable cause exists. All patients with hyperlipidaemia should therefore have at least …