tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PD3-1-1: ABT-869, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has promising activity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a phase I dose escalation study
Authors: Ross Soo, Choon-Hua Thng, Norita Sukri, Chiung-Ing Wong, Soo-Chin Lee, Chien-Shing Chen, Rod Humerickhouse, Boon-Cher Goh
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions
Authors: Robert A. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  Because of the previous letters (240-2432, 1978;240:110, 1978) and article (239:729, 1978) inThe Journal, as well as current reviews, 1,2 the Blood Bank of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences has reviewed its experience with delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions. From July 1, 1978, through June 30, 1979, the Blood Bank transfused 5,292 units of RBCs containing products, 2,050 units of platelets, 1,132 units of fresh-frozen plasma, and 166 units of cryoprecipitate. During the same time in this tertiary care institution, 44 transfusion reactions were reported. One half of these were of the febrile type (ie, fever, chills, or both), while nine were urticarial, and five combined features of both aforementioned types. In addition, one anaphylactic reaction, four subsequently shown to be unrelated, and transfusional hemotherapy occurred. While no immediate hemolytic transfusion reactions were reported, three delayed hemolytic reactions were noted.  Report of Cases.—
Comparison between recombinant cup a 11 and native cup a 1, the major Cupressus arizonica pollen allergen
Authors: Patrizia Iacovacci, Cinzia Butteroni, Laura Pironi, Claudia Afferni, Eleonora Mr Puggioni, Raffaella Tinghino, Bianca Barletta, Renato Ariano, Raphael C Panzani, Gabriella Di Felice
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Safety and activity of crizotinib for paediatric patients with refractory solid tumours or anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: a Children's Oncology Group phase 1 consortium study
Authors: Yael P Mossé, Megan S Lim, Stephan D Voss, Keith Wilner, Katherine Ruffner, Julie Laliberte, Delphine Rolland, Frank M Balis, John M Maris, Brenda J Weigel, Ashish M Ingle, Charlotte Ahern, Peter C Adamson, Susan M Blaney
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2013)
Thousands of patients wait more than 26 weeks for tests, as 18 week diagnostic target looms
Authors: Amy Davis
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Survival of UK patients after cancer is improving but still lags behind the European average, despite the United Kingdom spending more than other countries on cancer, different sources of data published this week show.Figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) show that between 1999 and 2004 survival rates for most cancers in England improved.However, two studies published in Lancet Oncology (
Dietary Sources of Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Authors: Edward N. Siguel
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The study by Dr Siscovick and colleagues<sup>1</sup>shows that increased levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are associated with reduced risk of cardiac arrest. Unfortunately, the authors misstate the sources of n-3 PUFAs. Contrary to popular belief, fish is not the primary dietary source of the long-chain n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C<sub>20:5n-3</sub>) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C<sub>22:6n-3</sub>). The approximate percentage of total fat as n-3s from samples of common foods (which depend on growing methods, processing, and geographic location) I analyzed are as follows: egg yolk, 1% to 4%; fresh liquid lecithin, 7%; chicken thighs, 3% to 4%; tofu, 7%; soybean oil, 7%; flax oil, 54%; and wheat grass, 53%. Other sources of n-3 include soybeans, flax seeds, canola oil, foods cooked with canola or soybean oil, and green vegetables. Vegetarians and many other people get most of their n-3 PUFAs from
Three into two won't go
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the relative cost effectiveness of various cholesterol lowering programmes. DESIGN--Retrospective analysis. SETTING--Norwegian cholesterol lowering programme in Norwegian male population aged 40-49 (n = 200,000), whose interventions comprise a population based promotion of healthier eating habits, dietary treatment (subjects with serum cholesterol concentration 6.0-7.9 mmol/l), and dietary and drug treatment combined (serum cholesterol concentration greater than or equal to 8.0 mmol/l). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Marginal cost effectiveness ratios--that is, the ratio of net treatment costs (cost of treatment minus savings in treatment costs for coronary heart disease) to life years gained and to quality of life years (QALYs) saved. RESULTS--The cost per life year gained over 20 years of a population based strategy was projected to be 12 pounds. For an individual strategy based on dietary treatment the cost was about 12,400 pounds per life year gained and 111,600 pounds if drugs were added for 50% of the subjects with serum cholesterol concentrations greater than or equal to 8.0 mmol/l. CONCLUSIONS--The results underline the importance of marginal cost effectiveness analyses for incremental programmes of health care. The calculations of QALYs, though speculative, indicate that individual intervention should be implemented cautiously and within more selected groups than currently recommended. Drugs should be reserved for subjects with genetic hypercholesterolaemia or who are otherwise at very high risk of arteriosclerotic disease.
Gene expression analysis of plasmablastic lymphoma identifies downregulation of B-cell receptor signaling and additional unique transcriptional programs
Authors: J Chapman, A J Gentles, V Sujoy, F Vega, C I Dumur, T L Blevins, L Bernal-Mizrachi, M Mosunjac, A Pimentel, D Zhu, I S Lossos
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
BACILLUS TYPHOSUS ASSOCIATED WITH PYONEPHROSIS
Authors: E. H. RUEDIGER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

one had cirrhosis of the liver, and twelve had evident renal lesions.In general, therefore, it may be said that a critical clinical examination of a large number of diabetics does not lend support to the hypothesis that syphilis is a prominent causal factor.In the course of the study of diabetes, it is the prac¬ tice in our clinic to make routine examinations of the blood for cholesterol, in which the method of Bloor is employed.The data afforded by these investigations are of interest and importance in this study.This information may be thus summarized: Cholesterol determinations were made on eighty-nine diabetics giving negative Wassermann reactions.In fifty-two of these cases, the blood serums contained less than 250 nig.cholesterol per hundred c.c, which is normal.Eleven of the eighty-nine cases had blood serums with cholesterol between 250 and 300 mg. per hundred c.c.In twenty-six of the eighty-nine cases, the blood serums contained more than 300 mg. of cholesterol.In thirteen cases of diabetes, it was not possible to
Genome-Wide Association Study of Genetic Predictors of Overall Survival for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers
Authors: Xifeng Wu, Liang Wang, Yuanqing Ye, Jeremiah A. Aakre, Xia Pu, Gee-Chen Chang, Pan-Chyr Yang, Jack A. Roth, Randolph S. Marks, Scott M. Lippman, Joe Y. Chang, Charles Lu, Claude Deschamps, Wu-Chou Su, Wen-Chang Wang, Ming-Shyan Huang, David W. Chang, Yan Li, V. Shane Pankratz, John D. Minna, Waun Ki Hong, Michelle A.T. Hildebrandt, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Ping Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract To identify the genetic factors that influence overall survival in never smokers who have non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), we conducted a consistency meta-analysis study using genome-wide association approaches for overall survival in 327 never smoker patients with NSCLC from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) and 293 cases from the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN). We then conducted a two-pronged validation of the top 25 variants that included additional validation in 1,256 patients with NSCLC from Taiwan and assessment of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and differential expression of genes surrounding the top loci in 70 tumors and matched normal tissues. A total of 94 loci were significant for overall survival in both MD Anderson and Mayo studies in the consistency meta-analysis phase, with the top 25 variants reaching a P value of 10−6. Two variants of these 25 were also significant in the Taiwanese population: rs6901416 [HR, 1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–2.06] and rs10766739 (HR, 1.23; 95%CI, 1.00–1.51). These loci resulted in a reduction of median survival time of at least eight and five months in three populations, respectively. An additional six variants (rs4237904, rs7976914, rs4970833, rs954785, rs485411, and rs10906104) were validated through eQTL analysis that identified significant correlations with expression levels of six genes (LEMD3, TMBIM, ATXN7L2, SHE, ITIH2, and NUDT5, respectively) in normal lung tissue. These genes were also significantly differentially expressed between the tumor and normal lung tissue. These findings identify several novel, candidate prognostic markers for NSCLC in never smokers, with eQTL analysis suggesting a potential biologic mechanism for a subset of these observed associations. Cancer Res; 73(13); 4028–38. ©2013 AACR.
THE IMMEDIATE CLOSURE OF EMPYEMATA
Authors: F. Hathaway
Journal: BMJ (1920)

An inspection shows that while in the case of mitral stenosis there is an increased percentage of those who indulge in heavy exercise as we pass from a history of rheumatic fever to no history suggestive of rheumatism, tlle increase is in no way comparable with the increase in the case of pure aortic lesions; and, further, that as we pass from pure mitral lesions to pure aortic lesions wlhere no hlistory of rlheumnatism exists, tllere is again a steady increase in the percentage engaged in heavy exercise.Auother remarkable fact that this table reveals is that
Deoxyadenosine triphosphate as a mediator of deoxyguanosine toxicity in cultured T lymphoblasts.
Authors: G J Mann, R M Fox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

The mechanism by which 2'-deoxyguanosine is toxic for lymphoid cells is relevant both to the severe cellular immune defect of inherited purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency and to attempts to exploit PNP inhibitors therapeutically. We have studied the cell cycle and biochemical effects of 2'-deoxyguanosine in human lymphoblasts using the PNP inhibitor 8-aminoguanosine. We show that cytostatic 2'-deoxyguanosine concentrations cause G1-phase arrest in PNP-inhibited T lymphoblasts, regardless of their hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase status. This effect is identical to that produced by 2'-deoxyadenosine in adenosine deaminase-inhibited T cells. 2'-Deoxyguanosine elevates both the 2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate (dGTP) and 2'-deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) pools; subsequently pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide pools are depleted. The time course of these biochemical changes indicates that the onset of G1-phase arrest is related to increase of the dATP rather than the dGTP pool. When dGTP elevation is dissociated from dATP elevation by coincubation with 2'-deoxycytidine, dGTP does not by itself interrupt transit from the G1 to the S phase. It is proposed that dATP can mediate both 2'-deoxyguanosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine toxicity in T lymphoblasts.
Present Therapeutic Status of Cortisone and its Derivatives, with Special Reference to Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: H. F. Polley
Journal: BMJ (1956)

The multiple and various applications of cortisone and certain of its derivatives and of corticotrophin currently give these hormones a field of action and versatility " wider than that of any other therapeutic agent " (Hench, 1956).Their specific hormonal value is recognized by their use in about 20 hormonal, endocrinal, or metabolic conditions.The non-specific hormonal effects have been useful in more than 90 socalled non-hormonal conditions.In such circumstances the effects of administration of these hormones are suppressive rather than curative; but the effects are none the less valuable for purposes of treatment or further investigation.As Hench has stated, it is now no longer if but when, how, and for what purpose these hormones should be used.Chief among the non-specific effects of adrenocorti- cal hormones which have been useful clinically are their anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, and anti-allergic activities.A few examples are given in Table I.The TABLE I.-Usefulness of Cortisone and Its Derivatives anid Corticotrophin in " Non-hormonal " Conditions
Effects of enteral and parenteral nutrition on gut mucosal permeability in the critically ill.
Authors: R J Hadfield, D G Sinclair, P E Houldsworth, T W Evans
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), in the critically ill, may be associated with the translocation of bacteria and their products from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) to the systemic circulation. We report a study comparing the effects of TPN and enteral nutrition (EN) on GIT function. Twenty-four critically ill patients were randomly allocated to receive TPN or EN. GIT absorption was measured by urinary recovery of D-xylose and 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (3O MG) after enteral administration. The ratio between urinary recovery of lactulose and L-rhamnose (L/R) was used to measure GIT mucosal permeability. Results are expressed as the percentage of enterally administered saccharide recovered. Measurements were performed at entry to the study and on every subsequent third day. Baseline recovery of D-xylose (5.95 +/- 1.61%, EN; 6.56 +/- 3.38%, TPN) and 3O MG (12.35 +/- 4.06%, EN; 7.96 +/- 4.19%, TPN) was significantly lower than for the controls (35.03 +/- 1.40% for D-xylose, p < 0.05 compared to both study groups; 49.20 +/- 1.98% for 3O MG, p < 0.05 compared to both study groups). Baseline L/R ratio was increased (0.292 +/- 0.072%, EN; 0.463 +/- 0.118%, TPN) compared with the controls (0.038 +/- 0.006%, p < 0.05 compared to both study groups). In the EN group, the L/R ratio displayed a progressive, significant fall. In the TPN group, no significant change in the L/R ratio occurred. This study demonstrates that GIT dysfunction is evident in critically ill patients and suggests that loss of GIT mucosal integrity is reversed by the institution of EN.
The worrying world of eating disorder wannabes
Authors: Deborah Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2007)

I first heard about “wannarexia” while sitting on the bus. A group of teenage girls on their way into central London to go shopping were dissecting each of their classmates. One girl in particular received marked censure. “She's such a wannarexic,” said one. The others all agreed. Forced to admit that I was out of the loop with teen jargon I turned to the internet, the bible of youth trends.

Wannarexia is a pejorative term and, says Urban Dictionary (www.urbandictionary.com), is “an imaginary disease most commonly found amongst preteen to teenage, overweight females who claim to have the eating disorder anorexia, …
Dual Threats in Southern Africa
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Low-Dose Aspirin and Incidence of Colorectal Tumors in a Randomized Trial
Authors: P. H. Gann, J. E. Manson, R. J. Glynn, J. E. Buring, C. H. Hennekens
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Background: Laboratory, clinical, and epidemiologic studies have recently suggested that regular use of aspirin can reduce colorectaJ cancer incidence or mortality. However, observational epidemiologic analyses have had limited opportunity to control for confounding bias or to specify aspirin doses used. Purpose: Our purpose was to examine the relationship between regular use of low-dose aspirin and incidence of invasive and noninvasive colorectal tumors by utilizing data from the Physicians' Health Study, a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of aspirin and beta carotene. We also attempted to determine whether invasive cancers among aspirin users were associated with rectal bleeding and early stage at diagnosis. Methods : The Physicians' Health Study includes 22071 U.S. male physicians. The aspirin arm was terminated in 1988 after a mean follow-up of 5 years. Stage at diagnosis and signs and/or symptoms during presentation were abstracted from medical records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risk (RR), 95%confidence intervals (CIs), and the association between aspirin and bleeding. Differences between aspirin and placebo groups in tumor risk over time were visualized with Kaplan-Meier curves. We assessed the association between aspirin and stage at diagnosis with a Mann-Whitney rank sum statistic for non-parametric comparison of two ordinal distributions. Results: The RR of developing colorectal cancer for aspirin compared with placebo was 1.15 (95%CI 0.80–1.65). For in situ cancers and polyps, the RR was 0.86 (95% CI 0.68–1.10). There was no significant trend for decreasing RR by year of follow-up for invasive cancers (P 09) or noninvasive tumors (P .96). Aspirin and placebo groups did not differ in stage or prevalence of rectal bleeding at diagnosis. Conclusions: Regular aspirin use, at a dose adequate for preventing myocardial infarction, was not associated with a substantial reduction in the incidence of colorectal cancer during 5 years of randomized treatment and follow-up. A small decrease in polyps in the aspirin group could not be reliably distinguished from a chance association. Our results suggest that among low-dose aspirin users, (a) colorectal cancer mortality is not likely to be reduced by earlier detection and (b) incidence is not likely to be increased due to aspirin-induced gastrointestinal bleeding. Implications: The potential for a benefit from higher doses of aspirin or longer duration of use should be addressed by more detailed observational epidemiologic studies and prevention trials with longer follow-up of randomized participants. [J Natl Cancer Inst 85: 1220–1224, 1993]
The role of autoantibody‐producing plasma cells in immune thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to rituximab
Authors: M. Kuwana, S. Iki, A. Urabe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Rituximab is becoming popular as a treatment for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). We report here a patient with ITP, who initially responded to rituximab, but later became refractory. In this patient, the appearance of plasma cells producing anti-platelet autoantibodies is likely to be one of the mechanisms for rituximab resistance.
68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT Aiding in the Diagnosis of Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome by Detecting Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma and Adrenal Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Anirban Mukherjee, Sellam Karunanithi, Chandrasekhar Bal, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 35-year-old man with clinical suspicion of adrenal pheochromocytoma was evaluated using 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT. PET/CT demonstrated 68Ga DOTANOC–avid right adrenal mass and cerebellar lesion, raising the suspicion of adrenal pheochromocytoma with cerebellar hemangioblastoma suggesting von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. Cerebellar lesion on further evaluation with MRI was suggestive of cerebellar hemangioblastoma. Surgical resection of the adrenal mass revealed pheochromocytoma, and genetic analysis revealed mutation involving the chromosome 3p, confirming the diagnosis of VHL syndrome. 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT in our patient helped in the diagnosis of VHL syndrome and changed the disease management.
Surgical Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Alastair G. Mowat
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Book reviews the skin represents an accurate estimation of intra- articular temperature.As the author states, the lack of evidence for a correlation between intraarticular and overlying skin temperature is rather disquieting.These few examples should serve to illustrate what a stimulating set of reviews this book comprises.At the price it must be one of the top priorities in the selection of book buys.
1960-1970: Three Editors
Authors: T. Hunt
Journal: Gut (1970)

This study examined the extent of striatal dopamine (DA) denervation and coincident expression of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA in monkeys made parkinsonian by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration. Some animals (<i>n</i> = 4) became moderately parkinsonian after receiving large doses of MPTP over short periods of time and were symptomatic for only a short period of time (1–3 months; acute parkinsonian group). Other animals became moderately parkinsonian after receiving either escalating doses of MPTP over long periods (4–6 months; <i>n</i> = 5) or a high dose of MPTP over a short period (&lt;1 month; <i>n</i> = 1) and remained symptomatic for an extended period (&gt;8 months; chronic parkinsonian group). Despite similar symptomatology and similar degrees of striatal DA denervation at the time of their deaths, only acute parkinsonian animals had significantly increased PPE expression in sensorimotor striatal regions. PPE expression in chronic parkinsonian animals was either not changed or significantly decreased in most striatal regions. These findings suggest that the duration and not the extent of striatal DA denervation is a critical factor in modulating changes in striatal PPE expression. Furthermore, these results question the role of increased activity in the enkephalin-containing indirect striatopallidal pathway in the expression of parkinsonian symptoms.
Histology and Smoking Status Predict Survival of Patients with Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results of West Japan Oncology Group (WJOG) Study 3906L
Authors: Yoshihito Kogure, Masahiko Ando, Hideo Saka, Yasutaka Chiba, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Kazuhiro Asami, Tomonori Hirashima, Takashi Seto, Seisuke Nagase, Kojiro Otsuka, Kazuhiro Yanagihara, Koji Takeda, Isamu Okamoto, Takuya Aoki, Koichi Takayama, Masahiro Yamasaki, Shinzo Kudoh, Nobuyuki Katakami, Mikinori Miyazaki, Kazuhiko Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
TAJ/TROY, an Orphan TNF Receptor Family Member, Binds Nogo-66 Receptor 1 and Regulates Axonal Regeneration
Authors: Zhaohui Shao, Jeffrey L. Browning, Xinhua Lee, Martin L. Scott, Sveltlana Shulga-Morskaya, Norm Allaire, Greg Thill, Melissa Levesque, Dinah Sah, John M. McCoy, Beth Murray, Vincent Jung, R. Blake Pepinsky, Sha Mi
Journal: Neuron (2005)
ATF4-dependent transcription is a key mechanism in VEGF up-regulation by oxidized phospholipids: critical role of oxidized sn-2 residues in activation of unfolded protein response
Authors: Olga V. Oskolkova, Taras Afonyushkin, Alexander Leitner, Elena von Schlieffen, Peter S. Gargalovic, Aldons J. Lusis, Bernd R. Binder, Valery N. Bochkov
Journal: Blood (2008)