tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk Watch: The Odds of Life
Authors: B. D. Dinman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This small volume successfully deals with the sociopolitical irrationalities arising from the contemporary perception that while "technology is basic to our social and economical life, it is fast becoming uncontrollable." Concurrently, while the prospect of progress is inevitably associated with some degree of risk, the media lead our global village to fix on the small, rare risks to a disproportionate degree while we disregard the greater risks of daily life. For example, the number of deaths caused or accelerated by smoking cigarettes is roughly equivalent to the number of fatalities that would be associated with the daily crash of three fully loaded 747 jumbo jets—yet how long would it take for such aviation news to be relegated to the back pages? To deal with the disproportionate fixation on the unusual event, the physician-authors propose a readily understandable scale to express the<i>degree</i>of safety represented by various life activities. Not
A Christmas Card to Franz lngelfinger
Authors: EDWARD J. HUTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Editorials1 December 1977A Christmas Card to Franz lngelfingerEDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.EDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-6-786 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFranz Ingelfinger, thank you for the decade of service you have given to medicine as Editor of The New England Journal of Medicine.Long before you moved into Dr. Garland's chair, you had the phenotype, as your colleagues have put it (1), of the superb editor. Your fruitful career as an investigator in gastroenterology was proof of your talents in seeking and weighing scientific evidence. You could discern the particular flavor and worth of a piece of writing—a discernment that was evident in comments you wrote for Year Book of Medicine (2):Some articles are chosen for their superb organization...References1. DESFORGES J, MALT R, SMITH A, and HOLLENBERG N: Ingelfinger's phenotype. N Engl J Med 296:1476-1477, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. INGELFINGER F: Gastroenterology, 1950-1960, in Year Book of Medicine: 1961-1962 Year Book Series. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, 1961, p. 347 Google Scholar3. INGELFINGER F: Editorial note, in Year Book of Medicine: 1962-1963 Year Book Series. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, 1962, p. 483 Google Scholar4. LOCK S: Personal view. Br Med J 2:644, 1975 CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. INGELFINGER F: Editorial note, in Year Book of Medicine: 1963-1964 Year Book Series. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, 1963, p. 567 Google Scholar6. WELCH C: Franz Ingelfinger, editor emeritus. N Engl J Med 296:1475-1476, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. INGELFINGER F: The New England Journal of Medicine: editor's report, 1967-1977. N Engl J Med 296:1530-1535, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: EDWARD J. HUTH, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1977Volume 87, Issue 6Page: 786-787KeywordsPhenotypes ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Association of Symptoms of Depression with Diagnostic Test Charges among Older Adults
Authors: Christopher M. Callahan, Joseph G. Kesterson, William M. Tierney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Previous studies have documented greater use of health services by depressed persons and have postulated that health care costs could be reduced overall through better recognition and treatment of depression. Objective: To determine whether a greater burden of medical illness contributes to excess charges for diagnostic tests among older adults with symptoms of depression. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: A primary care group practice at an academic institution. Patients: 3767 patients 60 years of age and older who completed testing on the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) during routine office visits. Measurements: Charges for all inpatient and ambulatory diagnostic testing for 2 years, including clinical pathology, diagnostic imaging, and special procedures; number of visits to the ambulatory care center or emergency department; and number of hospitalizations. The Ambulatory Care Group case-mix approach, which is based on ambulatory diagnoses, was used as a measure of health status and expected resource consumption. Results: Patients with symptoms of depression (CES-D scores ≥ 16) were significantly younger (66.6 compared with 68.1 years; P < 0.001), more likely to be white (50.5% compared with 33.9%; P = 0.001), and more likely to be female (75.8% compared with 67.6%; P = 0.001) than were those without these symptoms (CES-D scores < 16). They also had more nonpsychiatric comorbid conditions, had more visits to the ambulatory care center (9.2 compared with 7.8; P < 0.001), were more likely to use the emergency department (52.3% compared with 40%; P = 0.001), were more likely to be hospitalized (22.4% compared with 17%; P = 0.002), and had greater median total diagnostic test charges for a period of 1 year ($583 compared with $387; P < 0.001). The difference in charges, most of which were clinical pathology charges (54.2%), persisted into the second year. Ambulatory Care Group assignment was independently associated with diagnostic test charges. The CES-D summary score was not independently associated with diagnostic test charges when controlling for Ambulatory Care Group assignment. Conclusions: Patients with symptoms of depression accrue greater average diagnostic test charges. However, these data suggest that such patients also have a greater burden of comorbid nonpsychiatric illness. Efforts to improve outcome and decrease cost for patients who have late-life depression must target interventions to improve the care of psychiatric and medical illness concurrently.
77 Kringles 1–5 of plasminogen exert more potent angiostatitc and antitumoral effects than kringles 1–4 (angiostatin)
Authors: E. Raskopf, M.A. Gonzalez-Carmona, A. Vogt, M. Kornek, L. Leifeld, C. Rabe, T. Sauerbruch, W.H. Caselmann, V. Schmitz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
The Distribution and Mechanism of Action of Ghrelin in the CNS Demonstrates a Novel Hypothalamic Circuit Regulating Energy Homeostasis
Authors: Michael A Cowley, Roy G Smith, Sabrina Diano, Matthias Tschöp, Nina Pronchuk, Kevin L Grove, Christian J Strasburger, Martin Bidlingmaier, Michael Esterman, Mark L Heiman, Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura, Eduardo A Nillni, Pablo Mendez, Malcolm J Low, Peter Sotonyi, Jeffrey M Friedman, Hongyan Liu, Shirly Pinto, William F Colmers, Roger D Cone, Tamas L Horvath
Journal: Neuron (2003)
Removal of adenosine from the rabbit pulmonary circulation, in vivo and in vitro.
Authors: J D Catravas
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

The contributions of pulmonary endothelial and blood cells to the removal of adenosine during a single passage through the rabbit pulmonary circulation were investigated. In the isolated, blood-free perfused rabbit lung in situ, single pass pulmonary removal of [3H]-adenosine injected into the pulmonary artery was accomplished by a low-affinity, saturable process yielding apparent Michaelis-Menten constants of Km = 498 +/- 36 microM and Vmax = 39 +/- 4 mumol/min per lung. Similar experiments in the intact, anesthetized animal, in vivo revealed a rapid, high-affinity removal of [3H]adenosine from plasma with apparent Michaelis-Menten constants of Km = 3.3 +/- 0.5 microM and Vmax = 6.5 +/- 2.4 mumol/min per lung. However, complete recovery of the injected adenosine was achieved upon lysing of cells from blood collected during a single transpulmonary passage of the substrate, indicating that blood cells were responsible for adenosine removal in vivo. The rate of disappearance of adenosine from plasma, observed by incubating the substrate with whole rabbit blood in vitro, was comparable to that found in vivo. We conclude that although, in the absence of circulating blood, rabbit lung is able to extract adenosine in vitro, this mechanism is of little significance in vivo where blood cells appear to be primarily responsible for such removal.
Aerosol Propellants: Cardiac Toxicity and Long Biological Half-Life
Authors: W. L. Chiou
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the editorial (222:827-828, 1972), "Cardiac Toxicity of Aerosol Propellants," Silverglade defended the safety of fluorocarbon propellants when used properly in asthmatic patients. Statements that failure to reproduce the cardiac toxicity in animals as originally reported by Taylor and Harris (214:81, 1970) have been criticized by Harris (223:1508, 1973). This communication supplements Harris' comments and points to potential danger of these propellants in susceptible individuals. An important and excellent study by Flowers and Horan (219:33, 1972) showed the cardiac toxicity of the propellants to be prolonged and lethal. Eight dogs, despite the stopping of exposure to the propellants at the earliest detectable moment of sinus slowing and the reinstitution of artificial ventilation, died once the cardiac abnormal sequence began. This, of course, supports many investigations from the Harris' laboratory. The rapid elimination, short halflives, and hence the unlikelihood of accumulation of the propellants in animals and humans
VAGINAL HYSTERECTOMY FOR SUPPURATIVE DISEASE AND ITS RESULTS.
Authors: I. S. STONE
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Since we have found that the uterus may be removed by the vagina with less shock to the patient than by the abdominal method, we may consider the operation of abdominal hysterectomy as well applied to other diseased conditions than cancer, for which the operation was first designed. Dr. Engleman has well set forth the historical facts in papers recently published (Trans. Southern Surgeons and Gynecologists' Association, 1893-94). The uterus has been successfully removed so often for cancer by various surgeons as to no longer admit of doubt in any respect as to its low rate of mortality, or the vast number of complete and permanent cures.<sup>1</sup>This satisfactory result has induced the writer in common with many others, to remove the uterus and the adnexa by the vaginal route for the following reasons: In cases where partial hysterectomy had been done by the supravaginal method, leaving a sinus
Continuous Probabilistic Prediction of Angiographically Significant Coronary Artery Disease Using Electron Beam Tomography
Authors: Matthew J. Budoff, George A. Diamond, Paolo Raggi, Yadon Arad, Alan D. Guerci, Tracy Q. Callister, Daniel Berman
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — We sought to incorporate electron beam tomography–derived calcium scores in a model for prediction of angiographically significant coronary artery disease (CAD). Such a model could greatly facilitate clinical triage in symptomatic patients with no known CAD. Methods and Results — We examined 1851 patients with suspected CAD who underwent coronary angiography for clinical indications. An electron beam tomographic scan was performed in all patients. Total per-patient calcium scores and separate scores for the major coronary arteries were added to logistic regression models to calculate a posterior probability of the severity and extent of angiographic disease. These models were designed to be continuous, adjusted for age and sex, corrected for verification bias, and independently validated in terms of their incremental diagnostic accuracy. The overall sensitivity was 95%, and specificity was 66% for coronary calcium to predict obstructive disease on angiography. With calcium scores &gt;20, &gt;80, and &gt;100, the sensitivity to predict stenosis decreased to 90%, 79%, and 76%, whereas the specificity increased to 58%, 72%, and 75%, respectively. The logistic regression model exhibited excellent discrimination (receiver operating characteristic curve area, 0.842±0.023) and calibration (χ 2 goodness of fit, 8.95; P =0.442). Conclusions — Electron beam tomographic calcium scanning provides incremental and independent power in predicting the severity and extent of angiographically significant CAD in symptomatic patients, in conjunction with pretest probability of disease. This algorithm is most useful when applied to an intermediate-risk population.
TPL2 kinase regulates the inflammatory milieu of the myeloma niche
Authors: Chelsea Hope, Samuel J. Ollar, Erika Heninger, Ellen Hebron, Jeffrey L. Jensen, Jaehyup Kim, Ioanna Maroulakou, Shigeki Miyamoto, Catherine Leith, David T. Yang, Natalie Callander, Peiman Hematti, Marta Chesi, P. Leif Bergsagel, Fotis Asimakopoulos
Journal: Blood (2014)
Tobacco companies mounted "dirty tricks" campaign against WHO
Authors: J. Jones
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Dirty tricks campaigns were used by tobacco companies as part of a prolonged and orchestrated drive to subvert the World Health Organization's antismoking strategy, an inquiry panel established by the organisation has found. The inquiry showed that the tobacco industry developed elaborate strategies to manipulate public opinion against the WHO, discredit key individuals, infiltrate its structure, and arranged media events to divert attention away from potentially damaging stories.

Some strategies succeeded in influencing WHO activities, causing “significant harm” to the organisation and its objectives. The inquiry's report states: “Of greatest concern, tobacco companies have, in some cases, had their own consultants in positions at WHO, …
Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W135 Disease
Authors: I. E. Salit
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent report by Brandstetter et al (1981;246:2060) of<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>serogroup W135 disease in adults included two patients who had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who were receiving corticosteroids. In most cases, susceptibility to meningococcal disease is due to a selective deficiency of antibody against the infecting strain; there have been little data to support the concept that generalized immunoglobulindeficiency<sup>1</sup>or immunosuppressive drugs predispose to meningococcal disease. However, deficiencies in IgM<sup>2</sup>or IgA<sup>3</sup>and splenectomy (possibly related to low serum IgM levels) may increase susceptibility. I described<sup>4</sup>four patients who had meningococcemia caused by serogroup W135. Three of these patients had immunoglobulin deficiency and one had been receiving chlorambucil and prednisone because of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Another immunocompromised patient with multiple myeloma and serogroup W135 pneumonia has been described recently.<sup>5</sup>In addition, a seventh immunocompromised patient in whom W135 bacteremia
American Medical Association moves to regulate prescribing on the internet
Authors: D. Carnall
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Prescribing drugs on the internet by relying solely on the completion by the patient of an on-line questionnaire “falls well below a minimum standard of medical care,” according to an interim report issued last week by the Board of Trustees of the American Medical Association, and action should be taken against doctors who fail to meet this standard.

At least 10 state legislatures are investigating doctors who have prescribed in this way, among them the Washington Medical Quality Assurance Commission, which has initiated a licensure action against a Seattle doctor reportedly earning $5000 (£3125) a month from on-line sales of …
Pneumonectomy for drug resistant mycobacterium malmoense.
Authors: J Barclay, T N Stanbridge, L Doyle
Journal: Thorax (1983)

Mycobacterium malmoense was first described in 19771 and subsequently 11 instances of clinical infection have been reported.2Clinical details of the cases are scanty and in none so far as we know was there surgical intervention.We wish to report the first case of M malmoense infection where pneumonectomy was life saving, as antituberculous treat- ment was ineffective. Case reportA 67 year old housewife was admitted to hospital in January 1981 with a two month history of weight loss (4 kg) and on July 12,
Inquiry into serial killer criticises hospital's response
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Cocaine is a behavioral stimulant with substantial abuse potential related to its positively rewarding actions <sup>1,2</sup>. Cocaine inhibits the reuptake inactivation of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine at high nanomolar to low micromolar concentrations <sup>2</sup>. There is evidence for substantially more potent influences of cocaine. For instance, Calligaro and Eldefrawi reported binding of [<sup>3</sup>H]cocaine to brain membranes with a dissociation constant of about 16 nM <sup>3</sup>. At 10 nM concentration, cocaine elicits environmental place conditioning in planarians <sup>4</sup>. Furthermore, 1nM cocaine enhances dopamine D2 receptor agonist-mediated signaling <sup>5</sup>. Inhibition of amine reuptake by cocaine is substantially less potent than some of these high affinity actions. Thus, evidence for a specific, high affinity receptor for cocaine that mediates its behavioral actions has been lacking. We now report high affinity binding of cocaine to the membrane-associated brain acid soluble protein-1 (BASP1) with a Kd of 7 nM. Knocking down BASP1 in the striatum inhibits [<sup>3</sup>H]cocaine binding to striatal synaptosomes. Depletion of BASP1 in the nucleus accumbens diminishes locomotor stimulation, acquisition, and expression of locomotor sensitization to cocaine. Our findings indicate that BASP1 is a pharmacologically relevant receptor for cocaine and a putative therapeutic target for psychostimulant addiction.
Counting Deaths Due to Medical Errors
Authors: R. A. Gabel
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vasectomy Linked to Increased Risk for Prostate Cancer
Authors: J. Bowersox, K. Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Vasectomy Linked to Increased Risk for Prostate Cancer Get access John Bowersox, John Bowersox Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 5, 3 March 1993, Pages 354–355, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.5.354 Published: 03 March 1993
<i>A Text-book of Mental Diseases.</i> By Eugenio Tanzi, Professor of Psychiatry in Florence. Authorized translation by W. Ford Robertson, M. D., etc., and T. C. Mackenzie, M. D., etc. Royal octavo, pp. XVI to 803. Illustrated. (London: Rebman, Limited, 1909.)
Authors: None Farrar
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1910)
Rac1-Induced Connective Tissue Growth Factor Regulates Connexin 43 and N-Cadherin Expression in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Oliver Adam, Daniel Lavall, Katharina Theobald, Mathias Hohl, Markus Grube, Sabine Ameling, Mark A. Sussman, Stephan Rosenkranz, Heyo K. Kroemer, Hans-Joachim Schäfers, Michael Böhm, Ulrich Laufs
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Reviews and Notes: in the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal Experimentation
Authors: Lachlan Forrow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine1 May 1994Reviews and Notes: in the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal ExperimentationLachlan ForrowLachlan ForrowBeth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-9-199405010-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal ExperimentationF. Barbara Orlans. 297 pages. New York: Oxford University Press; 1993. $39.95.Few issues are as polarizing as the often acrimonious debate about the ethics of experimentation on animals in contemporary biomedical research. From anecdotal horror stories that radical animal rights activists have invoked to justify violent assaults on research laboratories to the opposite insistence by some scientists that almost any use of animals is justified if a human might be helped, building a solid and widely accepted moral basis for animal research might seem impossible.F. Barbara Orlans has ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1994Volume 120, Issue 9Page: 815KeywordsAssaultForecastingLegislationPublic policyResearch laboratoriesScientists ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 May 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Essay was based on incorrect premises and an unproved assumption
Authors: R. C. Cottrell
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In attempting to resurrect a long discarded “hormonal” theory of obesity, Taubes falls into a circular argument based on incorrect premises and an unproved assumption.1

The circularity rests in his claim that overconsumption of carbohydrate causes a hormonal response that leads to overconsumption of food energy, with overconsumption being a consequence of the hormonal response rather than its cause.

An axial, …
[302] MDR3 MUTATIONS IN A LARGE COHORT OF ITALIAN WOMEN WITH INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS OF PREGNANCY (ICP)
Authors: I. Carderi, D. Paternoster, G. Soardo, F. Azzaroli, G. Mazzella, W. Esposito, M. Montagnani, D. Marchesoni, A. Variola, E. Rosa Rizzotto, A. Floreani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Gastric acid secretion rate and buffer content of the stomach after a rice- and a wheat-based meal in normal subjects and patients with duodenal ulcer.
Authors: K N Jalan, D Mahalanabis, T K Maitra, S K Agarwal
Journal: Gut (1979)

The study describes gastric acid secretory response to a rice-based and a wheat-based meal over a prolonged period of five hours and buffer content of the stomach in five normal and seven duodenal ulcer subjects from the rice-eating eastern Indian population. The results suggest that (1) the meal-mediated gastric acid secretory response in duodenal ulcer subjects is much higher than in the controls, even though the histamine stimulated response is similar, (2) the type of meal, whether rice and fish based or wheat and meat based, does not influence the acid secretory response, and (3) the duodenal ulcer subjects in this area, two hours after a meal, have a buffer capacity similar to the controls.