tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Circulatory Studies in Wernicke's Encephalopathy
Authors: MICHAEL A. GRAVALLESE, MAURICE VICTOR
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Although Wernicke's disease is clearly related to thiamine deficiency, it is rarely accompanied by the overt signs of congestive failure. There are symptoms of disordered cardiovascular function in many patients with this disease, but the relation of these symptoms to thiamine deficiency has remained undefined. In the present study, an attempt is made to define these symptoms, particularly, in relation to specific treatment with thiamine. Part 1 of this study is concerned mainly with the determination of the cardiac output in 7 patients, as determined by the Evans blue dye-dilution technic; part 2 describes the postural response to tilting in 12 patients.
Cellular basis of regulation of expression of idiotype. I. T-suppressor cells specific for MOPC 460 idiotype regulate the expression of cells secreting anti-TNP antibodies bearing 460 idiotype.
Authors: C Bona, W E Paul
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

An idiotype of the dinitrophenyl-binding myeloma protein MOPC 460 was expressed on a small but significant proportion of anti-TNP antibodies which appeared after in vivo or in vitro immunization of BALB/c mice with three T-independent TNP antigens. In vitro experiments show that the depletion of T cells before culture increased significantly the number of plaques secreting anti-TNP antibodies bearing MOPC 460 idiotype (460Id). T cells from BALB/c mice, but not from C.B20 mice, exhibit this suppressor activity. Plate-binding experiments indicate that the suppressive action of the T-lymphocyte population depends on a cell which can bind to MOPC 460 myeloma protein. The possible role of these normally occurring, idiotype-specific T cells on expression of 460Id in the anti-TNP antibody response of BALB/c mice is discussed.
Long-term Follow-up of Young Adults With Stroke
Authors: Simone Vidale, Giorgio Bono
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
95 Peginterferon alfa-2A (40KD) (PEGASYS®) monotherapy is more effective than lamivudine monotherapy in the treatment of HBEAG-negative chronic hepatitis B: 72-week results from a phase III, partially double-blind study of PEGASYS® alone vs PEGASYS® plus lamivudine vs lamivudine
Authors: P. Marcellin, G.K.K. Lau, F. Bonino, P. Farci, S. Hadziyannis, R. Jin, Z.-M. Lu, T. Piratvisuth, G. Germanidis, N. Pluck
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Bronchial mucosal structure after histamine inhalation
Authors: M. Söderberg, R. Lundgren, S. Hellström, P. Hörstedt, A. Bergh
Journal: Allergy (1993)

Previous studies have shown an increased number of inflammatory cells and an increased level of hyaluronan in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, 24 h after the inhalation of histamine. In the present report, the influence of histamine inhalation on the bronchial mucosa was, therefore, investigated in 20 subjects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that small areas of the mucosal surface were altered or lacked cilia more frequently in the bronchial biopsies taken 24 h after the inhalation of histamine than in the control biopsies. In contrast, light and transmission electron microscopy revealed no increase in epithelial damage and no changes in the subepithelial morphology. The results indicate that inhalation of histamine does not significantly alter the structure of the bronchial mucosa, which means that bronchial biopsies can be taken for routine morphological examination within 24 h after a histamine test. When using the biopsies in research, one should consider the possible influence of the histamine test.
The distribution kinetics of triiodothyronine: studies of euthyroid subjects with decreased plasma thyroxine-binding globulin and patients with Graves' disease
Authors: Ralph R. Cavalieri, Martin Steinberg, Gilbert L. Searle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The kinetics of distribution of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T(3)) have been studied employing both a single-injection and a continuous infusion of T(3-) (131)I. External monitoring of radioactivity in the liver during the infusion permitted estimation of the hepatic distribution volume (V(H)) and the one-way hepatic clearance (C(H)) of the hormone. Among 10 euthyroid control subjects, V(H) averaged 2.07 liters +/-0.50 (SD), and the mean value for C(H), 231 ml of plasma per min (+/-64). In three euthyroid men whose plasma showed decreased binding capacity by thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) abnormally high V(H) and C(H) values were found, the increase in C(H) being proportional to the decrease in binding activity by plasma proteins. Among all 13 subjects, there was a high correlation (+ 0.86) between C(H) and the proportion of free hormone in plasma, measured in vitro. In four patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease V(H) ranged from 3.2 to 4.2 liters and C(H) was elevated in every case, averaging 989 ml/min. The increase in C(H) in this group was out of proportion to the elevation of free hormone fraction in plasma. Seven patients who were either euthyroid or hypothyroid after treatment of Graves' disease showed a slight but significant increase in C(H) compared with the euthyroid controls without Graves' disease. The percentage of free hormone in the plasma of the treated group was normal or low and therefore could not explain the persistent elevation in unidirectional hepatic clearance observed. The rate of accumulation of labeled T(3) in the tissues of the thigh during the interval from 10 to 60 min of the sustaining infusion of tracer was slow compared to the rate of equilibration in the liver and did not differ significantly among the various groups studied. These latter findings suggest that in slowly equilibrating tissues such as the thigh the kinetics of T(3) distribution are relatively insensitive to alterations in hormone-binding activity by plasma proteins.
India ups the stakes in the fight against tobacco
Authors: R. Sharma
Journal: BMJ (2001)

In a major boost to the anti-tobacco movement, India's Supreme Court has banned smoking in public places.

The court directed central and state governments as well as police commissioners to take effective steps to enforce the ban in public places, especially auditoriums, hospitals, schools, libraries, court buildings, public offices, and public transport.

The order was passed on 2 November as part of an ongoing case, in recognition of “the adverse effect of smoking on smokers and passive smokers.” A comprehensive bill against tobacco use is still pending …
Sweet's syndrome. Association with acute leukemia
Authors: J. I. Spector
Journal: JAMA (1980)

IN 1964 Sweet described a distinctive dermatologic disease with systemic manifestations that he called acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. The skin condition consists of painful, raised plaques, nodules, and pustules that histologically show a perivascular neutrophilic infiltrate in the dermis. The eruption occurs acutely or episodically and is almost always accompanied by fever and neutrophilic leukocytosis. Antibiotics are ineffective, but corticosteroids result in prompt resolution without scarring. Eight previously reported<sup>1-5</sup>cases described patients with Sweet's syndrome who experienced acute leukemia during the course of their illness. We report two other cases of Sweet's syndrome in which leukemia developed and emphasize that this dermatosis appears to be associated with hematologic malignant conditions. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 45-year-old woman was hospitalized in March 1977 after having had development of painful skin eruptions over the face, neck, chest, and extremities (and similar painful lesions in the mouth) during a three-week period,
Spinal Chondrosarcoma Demonstrated by Tc-99m- MDP Bone Scan
Authors: F W SMITH, S C NANDI, K MILLS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

A case of chondrosarcoma of the spine in a 45-year-old woman is described. The bone scan performed after the intravenous injection of Tc-99m-MDP not only confirmed the solitary nature of the tumor, but also demonstrated its extent within the spinous process of the second dorsal vertebra. Preoperative bone scan in the management of chondrosarcoma is advocated as a safe, noninvasive technique for assessing the extent of the tumor.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 1.5-T in Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Claas P. Naehle, Katharina Strach, Daniel Thomas, Carsten Meyer, Markus Linhart, Sascha Bitaraf, Harold Litt, Jörg Otto Schwab, Hans Schild, Torsten Sommer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Critical role of acidic sphingomyelinase in murine hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Laura Llacuna, Montserrat Marí, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, José C. Fernandez-Checa, Albert Morales
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

The molecular mechanisms of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage are incompletely understood. We investigated the role of ceramide in a murine model of warm hepatic I/R injury. This sphingolipid induces cell death and participates in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling. Hepatic ceramide levels transiently increased after the reperfusion phase of the ischemic liver in mice, because of an early activation of acidic sphingomyelinase (ASMase) followed by acid ceramidase stimulation. In vivo administration of an ASMase inhibitor, imipramine, or ASMase knockdown by siRNA decreased ceramide generation during I/R, and attenuated serum ALT levels, hepatocellular necrosis, cytochrome c release, and caspase-3 activation. ASMase-induced ceramide generation activated JNK resulting in BimL phosphorylation and translocation to mitochondria, as the inhibition of ASMase by imipramine prevented these events. In contrast, blockade of ceramide catabolism by N-oleyolethanolamine (NOE), a ceramidase inhibitor, enhanced ceramide levels and potentiated I/R injury compared with vehicle-treated mice. Pentoxifylline treatment prevented TNF upregulation and ASMase activation. Furthermore, 9 of 11 mice treated with imipramine survived 7 days after total liver ischemia, compared with 4 of 12 vehicle-treated mice, whereas 8 of 8 NOE-treated mice died within 2 days of total liver ischemia. In conclusion , ceramide generated from ASMase plays a key role in I/R-induced liver damage, and its modulation may be of therapeutic relevance. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the HEPATOLOGY website (http://interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html).
Are locus equations sufficient or necessary for obstruent perception?
Authors: Allard Jongman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Two issues are addressed in this commentary: the universality and the “psychological reality” of locus equations as cues to place of articulation. Preliminary data collected in our laboratory suggest that locus equations do not reliably distinguish place of articulation for fricatives. Additionally, perception studies show that listeners can identify place of articulation based on much less temporal information than that required for deriving locus equations.
URINARY OBSTRUCTION DUE TO TRIPELENNAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: SAMUEL A. WOLFSON
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Various side reactions from the use of tripelennamine hydrochloride (pyribenzamine® hydrochloride) have been observed.<sup>1</sup>Drowsiness, dizziness, gastric disturbances and headache have been the responses most commonly evoked. Less frequent in occurrence have been urinary burning and urinary frequency. In none of these reports has there actually been a description of a case involving urinary difficulty. I recently saw a patient whose reaction to tripelennamine involved the urinary tract and was so unusual that it appears worth recording. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> On Feb. 25, 1949 a white man aged 54 complained of difficult urination of three days' duration. He had been examined periodically, and there was no reason to anticipate the occurrence of the predicament. Urination was of an obstructive character but was completely painless. Only a dribbling stream was possible. When the urethra was compressed against straining, thereby increasing the bladder pressure, the stream became full for about
UK and Italy have low MMR uptake
Authors: F. Fleck
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Measles vaccination coverage in the United Kingdom dropped last year to the lowest level of protection against the killer disease since 1989 but was in keeping with a trend towards low vaccine coverage in Europe, the World Health Organization has said.

WHO vaccine experts attribute low UK levels to an “unfounded” scare that the measles mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine causes autism (8 November, p 1069), which has …
Association Between Malignancy and Topical Use of Pimecrolimus
Authors: David J. Margolis, Katrina Abuabara, Ole J. Hoffstad, Joy Wan, Denise Raimondo, Warren B. Bilker
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

A black box warning describes a potential risk of malignancy associated with topical use of pimecrolimus to treat atopic dermatitis due to its similarity to oral calcineurin inhibitors used in solid-organ transplantation and spontaneous reporting of malignancies, including lymphomas and cutaneous malignancies.To evaluate the risk of malignancy in a postmarketing study of children exposed to pimecrolimus.A longitudinal cohort study among a nationwide ongoing long-term cohort of children enrolled in the Pediatric Eczema Elective Registry (PEER) who had a history of atopic dermatitis and pimecrolimus use with data available up through May 2014.Reports of malignancy among those in the PEER compared with expected rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program.Overall, 7457 children were enrolled in the PEER, for a total of 26,792 person-years. Children used a mean (SD) of 793 (1356) g of pimecrolimus when enrolled in the study. As of May 2014, five malignancies had been reported. These include 2 leukemias, 1 osteosarcoma, and 2 lymphomas. No skin cancers were reported. The standardized incidence ratio for all malignancies (primary outcome) based on the age-standardized SEER population was 1.2 (95% CI, 0.5-2.8). As secondary analyses, the standardized incidence ratios (based on 2 cases for each) were 2.9 (95% CI, 0.7-11.7) for lymphoma and 2.0 (95% CI, 0.5-8.2) for leukemia. None of these findings were statistically significant.Based on more than 25,000 person-years of follow-up, it seems unlikely that topical pimecrolimus as it was used in the PEER cohort to treat atopic dermatitis is associated with an increased risk of malignancy.
Parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in sick and normal elderly people.
Authors: M M Petersen, R S Briggs, M A Ashby, R I Reid, M R Hall, P J Wood, B E Clayton
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone concentrations were measured in normal elderly subjects living at home and in sick elderly patients in hospital. Normal old people tended to have high 25-hydroxyvitamin D and low parathyroid hormone concentrations; in the sick elderly this pattern was reversed. The raised serum parathyroid hormone concentrations in the sick elderly were not due to poor renal function and may have been a response to vitamin D deficiency. A high serum parathyroid hormone concentration in an elderly patient must be interpreted in the light of the patient9s general health and nutritional state. Caution is needed in diagnosing primary hyperparathyroidism in this age group.
Abstract 847: PIAS3 induction of apoptosis is p53-independent and has STAT3-independent mediators.
Authors: Snehal Dabir, Yu Liu, Gary Wildey, Afshin Dowlati
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) is an endogenous inhibitor of STAT3 that negatively regulates STAT3 transcriptional activity and cell growth and demonstrates limited expression in the majority of human squamous cell carcinomas of the lung. In the present study we sought to determine if PIAS3 inhibits cell growth in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines by induction of apoptosis and further determine the dependence of PIAS3 activity on p53 status by using both wild-type and p53-null cells. Our results demonstrate that over-expression of PIAS3 promotes caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage. Furthermore, the expression of pro-survival family members BclXL and Bcl-2 is decreased. These effects were observed after both transient and regulated expression of exogenous PIAS3 and were independent of p53 status. PIAS3 inhibition of STAT3 luciferase activity was also p53 independent. Microarray experiments were performed to further investigate the STAT3-dependence of PIAS3-induced apoptosis by comparing its gene expression signature with that of STAT3 siRNA treated cells. IPA pathway analysis showed that a number of genes related to cell death were significantly increased by PIAS3. Furthermore, a subset of apoptotic genes, including CIDEC and DAPK2, were uniquely expressed only after PIAS3 expression and not after STAT3 siRNA. Thus, PIAS3 may represent a promising lung cancer therapeutic target because of its p53-independent efficacy as well as its potential to synergize with direct STAT3 inhibitors. Citation Format: Snehal Dabir, Yu Liu, Gary Wildey, Afshin Dowlati. PIAS3 induction of apoptosis is p53-independent and has STAT3-independent mediators. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 847. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-847
Congenital Skeletal Deficiencies of the Extremities
Authors: Cameron B. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Prosthetic treatment of bizarre congenital anomalies of the extremities in over 170 children was simplified by a classification based on the embryological somitic origin of the limb, well known to anatomists but heretofore ignored by clinicians. X-ray examination of the newborn allowed a plan of treatment which was reassuring to the distraught parents and which provided early, successful replacement of the involved extremity. Early acceptance of a prosthesis by the family and patient afforded a high degree of reestablishment of function. Improved artificial-limb construction techniques and materials, advanced occupational and physical therapy training methods, and utilization of basic surgical principles contributed to the 8-year study. The findings suggest that the classification scheme may aid materially in the discovery of the cause of congenital limb malformation.
EpCAM Is Overexpressed in Breast Cancer and Is a Potential Target for Breast Cancer Gene Therapy
Authors: Walid A. Osta, Yian Chen, Kaidi Mikhitarian, Michael Mitas, Mohamed Salem, Yusuf A. Hannun, David J. Cole, William E. Gillanders
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) is a cell surface molecule that is known to be highly expressed in colon and other epithelial carcinomas. EpCAM is involved in cell-to-cell adhesion and has been the target of antibody therapy in several clinical trials. To assess the value of EpCAM as a novel target for breast cancer gene therapy, we performed real-time reverse transcription-PCR to quantify the level of EpCAM mRNA expression in normal breast tissue and primary and metastatic breast cancers. We found that EpCAM is overexpressed 100- to 1000-fold in primary and metastatic breast cancer. Silencing EpCAM gene expression with EpCAM short interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in a 35-80% decrease in the rate of cell proliferation in four different breast cancer cell lines. EpCAM siRNA treatment decreased cell migration by 91.8% and cell invasion by 96.4% in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro. EpCAM siRNA treatment was also associated with an increase in the detergent-insoluble protein fraction of E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, and beta-catenin, consistent with the known biology of EpCAM as a regulator of cell adhesion. Our hypothesis is that modulation of EpCAM expression can affect cell migration, invasion, and proliferation by enhancing E-cadherin-mediated cell-to-cell adhesion. These data provide compelling evidence that EpCAM is a potential novel target for breast cancer gene therapy and offer insights into the mechanisms associated with EpCAM gene silencing.
Ulcerative colitis is more strongly linked to chromosome 12 than Crohn's disease
Authors: M PARKES, J SATSANGI, D P JEWELL, D E WEEKS, M M BARMADA, R H DUERR
Journal: Gut (2001)

Editor,—Lesage and colleagues reported failure to detect linkage to the IBD2 locus on chromosome 12 in a panel of 95 families with two or more relatives affected by Crohn's disease, and offered some possible explanations ((2000) Gut 47:787–91; [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]). Linkage of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to this region was first detected in a panel of 160 families containing multiple cases of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or both.1 Lesage et al justify the study of Crohn's disease families alone on the grounds that “genetic heterogeneity in susceptibility cannot be ruled out”, and they imply that studying the Crohn's disease subgroup of IBD should thus maximise their chance of successful replication. We concur entirely that genetic heterogeneity is important, and we have recently reported strong evidence that it does indeed apply to chromosome 12.2 However, our study of 367 multiply affected families suggested a significantly stronger contribution of this locus to ulcerative colitis than Crohn's disease.2 The difference between the linkage results for ulcerative colitis (LOD=3.91) and Crohn's disease (LOD=1.66) reached statistical significance in two separate tests for heterogeneity. In the light of these results, the validity of the exclusion map drawn by Lesage et al is undermined. The exclusion map was based on an assumed locus … J P Hugot.hugot{at}cephb.fr [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNature%2Bgenetics%26rft.stitle%253DNat%2BGenet%26rft.aulast%253DSatsangi%26rft.auinit1%253DJ.%26rft.volume%253D14%26rft.issue%253D2%26rft.spage%253D199%26rft.epage%253D202%26rft.atitle%253DTwo%2Bstage%2Bgenome-wide%2Bsearch%2Bin%2Binflammatory%2Bbowel%2Bdisease%2Bprovides%2Bevidence%2Bfor%2Bsusceptibility%2Bloci%2Bon%2Bchromosomes%2B3%252C%2B7%2Band%2B12.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1038%252Fng1096-199%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F8841195%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1038/ng1096-199&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=8841195&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F49%2F2%2F311.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=A1996VL44600029&link_type=ISI