tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Triggered Propagated Contractions in Rat Cardiac Trabeculae
Authors: Ying Ming Zhang, Masahito Miura, H.E.D.J. ter Keurs
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

We studied the role of Ca 2+ diffusion through gap junctions (GJs) in triggering and propagation of damage-induced contractions in cardiac muscle (TPCs) by evaluating effects of the GJ blockers octanol and heptanol (O&amp;H) on TPCs. TPCs were elicited in trabeculae from rat right ventricle superfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution at 20°C and 0.7 to 1.75 mmol/L [Ca 2+ ] o . Force was measured with a silicon strain gauge; sarcomere length, by laser diffraction techniques. O&amp;H (3 to 300 μmol/L) decreased force, propagation velocity, and triggering rate of TPCs in a dose-dependent manner. At 300 μmol/L, O&amp;H decreased TPC force to 21.3% and 25.7%, propagation velocity to 15.4% and 13.0%, and triggering rate to 26.5% and 25.7%. At 300 μmol/L, O&amp;H decreased twitch force to 79.0% and 77.8% and reduced time to 90% relaxation by 10% to 15%. Above 1 mmol/L, O&amp;H abolished twitch force and TPCs. Image analysis of spread of the fluorescence profile of microinjected fura 2 salt revealed an effective diffusion coefficient for fura 2 of 21.0±3.3 μm 2 /s, which decreased to 12.6±1.5 and 7.07±0.7 μm 2 /s after 1 and 3 hours of exposure, respectively, to 100 μmol/L octanol, with a time constant of decline of 1.5±0.5 hours. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that propagation of TPCs is due to Ca 2+ -induced Ca 2+ release mediated by Ca 2+ diffusion from cell to cell through GJs. Reduction of propagation velocity reduces the number of activated sarcomeres in the TPC, which reduces TPC force. O&amp;H slow triggering of TPCs, presumably by blocking Ca 2+ diffusion from myocytes within damaged areas to adjacent normal cells.
MEDIUM TERM LONGITUDINAL FOLLOW UP OF ALL PATIENTS REFERRED TO A TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM.
Authors: Patrick A. Calvert, Isma Rafiq, Baris A. Ozdemir, William Watson, Simon Hansom, Stephen T. Webb, Bushra S. Rana, Evelyn M. Lee, John Dunning, Rosemary A. Rusk, Catherine Sudarshan, Steven Tsui, Leonard M. Shapiro, Cameron G. Densem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mapping the Fiber Architecture Remodeling in Human Myocardium After Infarction
Authors: Ming-Ting Wu, Wen-Yih I. Tseng, Mao-Yuan M. Su, Chun-Peng Liu, Kuan-Rau Chiou, Van J. Wedeen, Timothy G. Reese, Chien-Fang Yang
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) provides a means for nondestructive characterization of myocardial architecture. We used DT-MRI to investigate changes in direction-dependent water diffusivity to reflect alterations in tissue integrity (trace apparent diffusion coefficients [ADCs] and fractional anisotropy [FA]), as well as indicators of remodeling of fiber helix angles, in patients after myocardial infarction. Methods and Results— Thirty-seven patients (35 men, 2 women; median age, 59) after acute myocardial infarction (median interval from onset, 26 days) were enrolled. DT-MRI was performed at the midventricular level to measure trace ADC, FA, and helix angles of myofibers. Helix angles were grouped into left-handed helical fibers, circumferential fibers, and right-handed helical fibers. Measurements were correlated with viability and regional wall motion assessed by contrast-delay-enhancement and cine MRI, respectively. The infarct zone showed significantly increased trace ADC and decreased FA than the remote zone. The percentage of left-handed helical fibers increased from the remote zone (mean±SD, 13.3±5.8%) to the adjacent zone (19.2±9.7%) and infarct zone (25.8±18.4%) (MANOVA, P =0.004). The percentage of right-handed helical fibers decreased from the remote zone (35.0±9.0%) to the adjacent zone (25.5±11.5%) and infarct zone (15.9±9.2%) ( P &lt;0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that the percentage of left-handed helical fibers of the infarct zone was the strongest correlate of infarct size and predictor of ejection fraction. Conclusions— In vivo DT-MRI of postinfarct myocardium revealed a significant increase in trace ADC and a decrease in FA, indicating altered tissue integrity. The redistribution of fiber architecture correlated with infarct size and left ventricular function. This technique may help us understand structural correlates of functional remodeling after infarction.
Extracellular Matrix and Control of Proliferation of Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Denis Gospodarowicz, Charles Ill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Bovine vascular endothelial cells plated at low cell density in the presence of high (10%) concentrations of serum and maintained on plastic tissue culture dishes proliferate slowly. If the cultures were exposed to fibroblast growth factors (FGF), the cells proliferated actively and, after a week, a monolayer composed of closely apposed and highly contact-inhibited mononucleated cells formed. In contrast to cultures maintained on plastic, cultures maintained on dishes coated with an extracellular matrix produced by corneal endothelial cells proliferated rapidly and no longer required FGF to reach confluence. Addition of FGF to such cultures did not decrease the mean doubling time, which was already at a minimum (18 h), nor did it result in a higher final cell density, which was already at a maximum (700-1,000 cells/mm2). Likewise, although human umbilical vein endothelial cells plated at low density on plastic did not proliferate, they proliferated rapidly when plated on dishes coated with an extracellular matrix. However, unlike bovine vascular endothelial cells, they still required FGF if the cultures were to become confluent.
Transfusion Therapy: Clinical Principles and Practice
Authors: Janice P. Dutcher
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes3 October 2000Transfusion Therapy: Clinical Principles and PracticeJanice P. Dutcher, MDJanice P. Dutcher, MDOur Lady of Mercy Medical Center, New York Medical College, Bronx, New York. (Dutcher)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-7-200010030-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Mintz PD, ed. 481 pages. Bethesda, MD: American Assoc of Blood Banks Pr; 1999. $139.00. ISBN 1563950995. Order phone 301-215-6499.Field of medicine: Hematology/oncology and transfusion medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Hematologists, oncologists, surgeons, obstetricians, and general medicine practitioners.Purpose: To provide a broad view of the clinical practice of transfusion medicine, with emphasis on clinical applications and specific clinical problems.Content: The initial sections discuss cellular blood products and the clinical problems that dictate their use, including red cell transfusion for autoimmune disease and hemoglobinopathy. Platelet and granulocyte transfusion therapy are also covered. A detailed section describes various aspects ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Our Lady of Mercy Medical Center, New York Medical College, Bronx, New York. (Dutcher) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHemostatic techniques to reduce blood transfusion after primary TKA: a meta-analysis and systematic review 3 October 2000Volume 133, Issue 7Page: 572KeywordsBlood banksBlood cellsBlood transfusionHematology and oncologyHemostasisPlateletsSoftware toolsSurgeonsTransfusion medicineTransplantation ePublished: 3 October 2000 Issue Published: 3 October 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Targeting LUNX Inhibits Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis
Authors: Xiaohu Zheng, Min Cheng, Binqing Fu, Xiaolei Fan, Qing Wang, Xiaoqing Yu, Rui Sun, Zhigang Tian, Haiming Wei
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract There remains a great need for effective therapies for lung cancer, the majority of which are non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Here, we report the identification of a novel candidate therapeutic target, LUNX, as a molecule overexpressed in primary NSCLC and lymph node metastases that is associated with reduced postoperative survival. Functional studies demonstrated that LUNX overexpression promoted lung cancer cell migration and proliferation by interactions with the chaperone protein 14-3-3. Conversely, LUNX silencing disrupted primary tumor growth, local invasion, and metastatic colonization. The finding that LUNX was expressed on cell membranes prompted us to generate and characterize LUNX antibodies as a candidate therapeutic. Anti-LUNX could downregulate LUNX and reduce lung cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Administered in vivo to mice bearing lung cancer xenografts, anti-LUNX could slow tumor growth and metastasis and improve mouse survival. Together, our work provides a preclinical proof of concept for LUNX as a novel candidate target for immunotherapy in lung cancer. Cancer Res; 75(6); 1080–90. ©2015 AACR.
Heritability of Mammographic Density, a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer
Authors: Norman F. Boyd, Gillian S. Dite, Jennifer Stone, Anoma Gunasekara, Dallas R. English, Margaret R.E. McCredie, Graham G. Giles, David Tritchler, Anna Chiarelli, Martin J. Yaffe, John L. Hopper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Women with extensive dense breast tissue visible on a mammogram have a risk of breast cancer that is 1.8 to 6.0 times that of women of the same age with little or no density. Menopausal status, weight, and parity account for 20 to 30 percent of the age-adjusted variation in the percentage of dense tissue.
Effects of Coffee in Alcoholics
Authors: Roseane Maia Santos, Soniza Alves Vieira, Darcy Roberto Lima
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 September 1991Effects of Coffee in AlcoholicsRoseane Maia Santos, MSC, Soniza Alves Vieira, MB, MSC, Darcy Roberto Lima, MB, PhDRoseane Maia Santos, MSCSearch for more papers by this author, Soniza Alves Vieira, MB, MSCSearch for more papers by this author, Darcy Roberto Lima, MB, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-6-499_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:We studied the effects of two coffee brands on psychometric test results and ethanol intake among 20 chronic alcoholics (6 women and 14 men, 35 to 53 years of age, each with a reported minimum daily intake of 500 mL of alcohol for more than 1 year). We evaluated the patients' concentration capacity, short-term and retrograde memory, and daily alcohol intake. No caffeine-containing beverages were taken from 5 days before the beginning of the study, and all patients were given control tests. Patients were then assigned in a double-blind randomized trial to one of two treatment groups:...References1. RobertsonFrolichCarr DJR. Effects of caffeine on plasma renin activity, catecholamines and blood pressure. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:184-6. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. WynneFamiliariBoublikDrummerRaeFunder KMJOIJ. Isolation of opiate receptor ligands in coffee. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1987;14:785-90. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CuratoloRobertson PD. The health consequences of caffeine. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:641-53. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Lima D ed. Coffee, a Medicinal Plant? New York: Vantage Press; 1990:43-68. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Instituto de Neurologia UFRJ Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIs coffee a functional food?Homeostasis and consumer behavior across culturesCaffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects 15 September 1991Volume 115, Issue 6Page: 499-499KeywordsAlcoholicsAlcoholsAttentionBeveragesCoffeeEthanolMemoryPatientsPsychometricsRandomized trials Issue Published: 15 September 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Critical Evaluation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Nodal Staging System in Patients with Lymph Node–Positive Disease after Radical Cystectomy
Authors: H. Max Bruins, Ryan P. Dorin, Barbara Rubino, Gus Miranda, Jie Cai, Siamak Daneshmand, Eila C. Skinner
Journal: European Urology (2012)
The Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination: Comparison with the Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination and the Mini-Mental State Examination in a Neurosurgical Population
Authors: LEE H. SCHWAMM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Studies to determine the validity of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination (CCSE) have indicated unacceptably high false-negative rates for these tests. To determine whether a new examination, the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE), is more sensitive in the detection of cognitive dysfunction, we compared the three examinations in 30 patients with documented brain lesions. The CCSE had a false-negative rate of 53%; the MMSE, of 43%; and the NCSE, of 7%. The sensitivity of the NCSE is derived from two features of its design: the use of independent tests to assess skills within five major areas of cognitive functioning, and the use of graded tasks within each of these cognitive domains.
Prognostic implications of the IDH1 synonymous SNP rs11554137 in pediatric and adult AML: a report from the Children's Oncology Group and SWOG
Authors: Phoenix A. Ho, Kenneth J. Kopecky, Todd A. Alonzo, Robert B. Gerbing, Kristen L. Miller, Julia Kuhn, Rong Zeng, Rhonda E. Ries, Susana C. Raimondi, Betsy A. Hirsch, Vivian Oehler, Craig A. Hurwitz, Janet L. Franklin, Alan S. Gamis, Stephen H. Petersdorf, Jeanne E. Anderson, John E. Godwin, Gregory H. Reaman, Cheryl L. Willman, Irwin D. Bernstein, Jerald P. Radich, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Derek L. Stirewalt, Soheil Meshinchi
Journal: Blood (2011)
Accelerated Bone Formation Causing Profound Hypocalcemia in Acute Leukemia
Authors: D P Schenkein, W C O'Neill, J Shapiro, K B Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

A patient with acute monocytic leukemia and fibrosis presented with severe hypocalcemia producing tetany, myocardial failure, and ventricular tachycardia with torsades de pointes configuration. Hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, an elevated alkaline phosphatase level, and osteosclerosis were also present. Bone marrow biopsy samples showed fibrosis and thickened bony trabeculae lined with large osteoblasts. Tetracycline labeling showed an increased rate of calcification. Complete remission of the leukemia and fibrosis was achieved with a single 3-week course of low-dose cytarabine and hydroxyurea, with resolution of the hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. Calcitriol and etidronate disodium were also administered. The calculated left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 15% to 55% with correction of the hypocalcemia. The hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia in this patient probably resulted from accelerated bone formation stimulated by the leukemic cells. The high dose of calcitriol that this patient received may have contributed to the remission of the leukemia.
The fallacy of “light” cigarettes
Authors: Nancy A Rigotti, Hilary A Tindle
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Low tar is not low risk 

Just 40 years ago, the 1964 Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health alerted the American public to the health risks of cigarette smoking. It launched a remarkably successful public health campaign that dramatically cut adult smoking prevalence, from 42.4% in 1965 to 22.8% in 2001, and recast the cultural acceptability of tobacco use.1 Less well known is the fact that the cigarette itself has undergone major change in the past 40 years. Today's 46.2 million American smokers buy a product very different from the cigarette sold in 1964.

In the late 1960s, tobacco manufacturers introduced “light” or “low tar” brands that yielded 7-14 mg tar per cigarette, compared to the 22 mg tar of the average cigarette sold at that time.2 Later, “ultralight” brands appeared, with tar yields below 7 mg per cigarette. Today, almost 90% of cigarettes sold in the United States are in these categories.3 Better taste is not the reason why smokers buy light cigarettes. They buy them because they have the misconception that smoking lower tar products reduces their risk of lung cancer and other tobacco-related diseases.4 Advertisements for these …
Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Sequential Administrations of Re-186(Sn)HEDP as Palliative Therapy for Painful Skeletal Metastases
Authors: EMANUELA E. ENGLARO, LOUIS E. SCHRODER, STEPHEN R. THOMAS, CRAIG C. WILLIAMS, HARRY R. MAXON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Single intravenous injections of 30 to 35 mCi (1,110 to 1,295 MBq) of Re-186(Sn)HEDP previously have been shown to result in palliation of painful skeletal metastases from prostate cancer. There are no reports of patients receiving repetitive Re-186(Sn)HEDP therapy. We have followed two such patients who received multiple (five to seven) injections of Re-186(Sn)HEDP at 2-month intervals. Each experienced a sustained decrease in both pain and analgesic intake. The only evident clinical or biochemical toxicity was a mild progressive decline in their total platelet counts.
Intracranial Hemorrhage Associated With Phencyclidine Abuse
Authors: Howard A. Bessen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP) is a popular "recreational" drug. Complications of its abuse are myriad and range from mild behavioral disturbances to death.<sup>1-5</sup>Death caused by PCP intoxication is usually due to the "behavioral toxicity" of the drug.<sup>1,2</sup> A case of massive intracranial hemorrhage in a PCP-intoxicated patient is reported herein. Aside from the effects of the drug, no other cause for the fatal hemorrhage could be determined. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old man was brought to the emergency department by paramedics. According to the patient's companion, the patient collapsed after smoking "marijuana." The companion had used the same substance without apparent ill effect. On arrival, the patient was deeply comatose. His BP was 180/100 mm Hg; pulse rate, 130 beats per minute; respirations, 26/min. There was a small abrasion above the right eye, with no other signs of trauma. Pupils were initially 2 mm bilaterally. Within a few minutes,
HIV versus Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes — The War Being Lost
Authors: Michael B.A. Oldstone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Viruses have caused human diseases throughout history.1 They have developed remarkable and unique properties to help them survive. In response to the threat from viruses, the immune system has evolved two major pathways of protection, humoral (antibody) and cellular (T lymphocyte). When infection overwhelms the immune system, the result is acute disease that either ends quickly in death or becomes a chronic persistent infection. In one such battle, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still winning out over the immune system. To control this plague we must learn the answers to several questions. What are the essential elements in host . . .
Functional chiral asymmetry in the descending thoracic aorta.
Authors: L J Frazin, G Lanza, M Vonesh, F Khasho, C Spitzzeri, S McGee, D Mehlman, K B Chandran, J Talano, D McPherson
Journal: Circulation (1991)

To determine whether rotational blood flow or chiral asymmetry exists in the human descending thoracic aorta, we established the ability of color Doppler ultrasound to detect rotational flow in a tornado tube model of a vortex descending fluid column. In a model of the human aortic arch with a pulse duplicator, color Doppler was then used to demonstrate that rotational flow occurs first in the transverse arch and then in the proximal descending thoracic aorta. With the use of color Doppler esophageal echocardiography, 53 patients (age range, 25-78 years; mean age, 56.4 years) were prospectively examined for rotational flow in the descending thoracic aorta. At 10 cm superior to retro-left ventricular position, 22 of 38 patients (58%) revealed rotational flow with obvious diastolic counterclockwise rotation but less obvious systolic clockwise rotation. At 5 cm superior to retro-left ventricular position, 29 of 46 patients (63%) revealed rotational flow with a tendency toward systolic clockwise and diastolic counterclockwise rotation. At the retro-left ventricular position, 47 of 53 patients (89%) revealed rotational flow, usually of a clockwise direction, occurring in systole. Our data suggest that aortic flow is not purely pulsatile and axial but has a rotational component. Rotational flow begins in the aortic arch and is carried through to the descending thoracic aorta, where flow is chirally asymmetric with systolic clockwise and diastolic counterclockwise components. These data demonstrate an aortic rotational flow component that may have physiological implications for organ perfusion.
Long-term cardiac follow-up in survivors of a malignant bone tumour
Authors: C.A.J. Brouwer, J.A. Gietema, M.P. van den Berg, M.T.E. Bink-Boelkens, N.J. Elzenga, J. Haaksma, W.A. Kamps, J.M. Vonk, E.G.E. de Vries, A. Postma
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2006)
Evidence for the aetiology of injuries in Australian football
Authors: K Norton, S Schwerdt, K Lange
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Objectives —To determine in Australian football ( a ) the influence of ground hardness and playing grade (level) on game speed and structure, and ( b ) player movement patterns throughout the game and across levels. Methods —The design consisted of several studies. Seventeen games played on grounds of different hardness in 2000 were used to determine game speed and structure. Four first grade and four second grade grand final games (1994, 1996, 1997, 1999) were used to determine the game speed and structure on the same ground but at different levels. Fifty one players (44 first grade and seven second grade) were used to measure movement patterns within games and across levels during the 2000 season. Results —There was a significant relation between ground hardness and game speed, which could lead to higher injury rates when the ground is harder. There was a 6.7% difference in game speed between the first and second grade levels reflecting differences in injury incidence. The first grade games were also characterised by a greater number of shorter, high intensity play periods and longer stop periods than the second grade games. Midfield players in the first grade games covered about 24% greater distance than their second grade counterparts, and there was a significant difference in their playing speeds. Conclusions —Over the past 40 years, the game speed in the top level of Australian football has approximately doubled. Over the same time, the number of collisions and the estimated injury incidence have also doubled. This study provides additional support to the suggestion that these variables are strongly linked. Factors such as ground hardness, playing level, and time during the game influence game speed and are therefore important in injury development in Australian football.