tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Evidence of Impaired Thinking in Sick Patients
Authors: Eric J. Cassell, Andrew C. Leon, Stacey Graff Kaufman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Background: Earlier anecdotal observations suggested to us that certain aspects of judgment in sick adults approximate the thinking of children. Objective: To describe changes in judgment associated with serious illness in otherwise competent adults. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Urban acute-care hospital and senior citizen center. Participants: Sicker (Karnofsky score ≤ 50; n = 24) and less sick (Karnofsky score > 50; n = 39) hospitalized patients were compared with controls (n = 28). Normal performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination (score ≥ 24) was required for study entrance. Measurements: Seven Piagetian tasks of judgment designed to study childhood cognitive development. Degree of sickness was determined by using the Karnofsky scale of physical function. Results: Patients with Karnofsky scores of 50 or less responded correctly to fewer Piagetian tasks than controls (mean [±SD], 1.8 ± 2.6 vs. 5.9 ± 1.6; P < 0.001). Furthermore, a smaller proportion of sicker patients responded correctly to each of the seven tasks. Patients with Karnofsky scores greater than 50 did not perform differently than controls. Conclusion: In sicker hospitalized patients, performance on seven Piagetian tasks of judgment was similar to that among children younger than 10 years of age. This evidence of cognitive impairment warrants further investigation.
Unusual Appearance of a Highly Vascular Lesion on Tc-99m DISIDA Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: P TODD MAKLER, MICHAEL G. VEKCHIK, TINA WEINGRAD, GERNALD MANDEL, HAROLD A. GOLDSTEIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

A lesion was identified on the late images of a hepatobiliary scintigraphic study, but was not detected on the very early images, due to its enlarged blood pool. This combination of scan findings has not been previously described. The implication of the observation is that one must examine all the images of the hepatobiliary study in an effort to detect spaceoccupying lesions of the liver.
The Diagnosis of Sprue in Nontropical Areas
Authors: Franz J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1943)

SPRUE and spruelike states are not rare in northern latitudes, but the complicating features are often so prominent that the underlying disorder is not immediately recognized. Four patients seen within the last two) years at the Massachusetts Memorial Hospitals illustrate not only the wide variety of symptoms encountered but also the ensuing diagnostic difficulties. In each of these cases initial failure to make the correct diagnosis postponed adequate therapy, which, in sprue, may not be completely curative but will often allow a severely debilitated person to resume a normal life. Hence reports of these patients are presented,
FAMILIAL INCREASE IN THE THYROXINE-BINDING SITES IN SERUM ALPHA GLOBULIN*
Authors: William H. Beierwaltes, Jacob Robbins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1959)

Thyroxine in human serum migrates during pa- per electrophoresis at pH 8.6 with at least three protein components: an a globulin intermediate be- tween a1 and a2, thyroxine-binding protein (TBP) (1, 2), albumin (1, 2) and a component moving faster than albumin, prealbumin or thyroxinebinding prealbumin (TBPA) (3).Alterations in serum protein-bound iodine (PBI) may occur in certain circumstances without concomitant hyperor hypothyroidism, but with parallel changes in the thyroxine-binding capacity of TBP.Examples are the elevated PBI and TBP capacity in preg- nancy (4, 5) and after estrogen therapy (6), and the depressed PBI and TBP capacity produced by methyl testosterone (7).It seemed logical, there- fore, to look for alterations in TBP in patients with abnormal serum PBI levels in whom other evidence of thyroid dysfunction was lacking.We wish to report the occurrence of an elevated PBI and TBP capacity in an otherwise normal adult male and in one of his three children.CASE REPORT AND METHODS W.W. was a male 48 years of age when seen on March 17, 1958, because his serum PBI was found to be "ele- vated" on a routine periodic health examination.He was asymptomatic and gave no history of thyroid disease in himself or in his family.He had never received radio- graphic contrast media and there was no known ingestion of other organic iodine compounds.He gave no history of diseases known to alter the serum proteins.His libido and potentia were considered to be normal.His physical examination was completely nor- mal.No goiter or evidence of hyper-or hypothyroidism was evident.Hair growth and distribution and genitalia were normal.His two sons, aged 18 and 12 years, and his daughter, aged 15 years, also presented no abnormal findings by medical history or physical examination except for the
The Relationship Between Background and Extent of Heroin Use
Authors: STEVEN F. BUCKY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The backgrounds of individuals who had used heroin fewer than five times and those who had used it six or more times were studied to determine if there were any significant differences. The subjects were Navy enlisted men who were given an anonymous questionnaire. Significant differences were found: in general, more extensive heroin use was related to poorer relationships with family as well as more difficulties in school and in the Navy.
Fibrin and cancer.
Authors: R D Thornes
Journal: BMJ (1972)

SIR,-In your leading article on "Clofibrate in Ischaemic Heart Disease" (25 December, p. 765) mention is made of the numbers and percentages of patients in the clofibrate and placebo groups who "died suddenly from myocardial infarction."This statement embraces both sudden deaths and fatal myocardial infarction.In the analysis of the results we deliberately distinguished sudden deaths from fatal myocardial infarcts and believe that this distinction may be important in such clinical trials.-Weare, etc.,
Abstract 2113: Androgen receptor splice variants activating the full-length receptor in mediating resistance to androgen-directed therapy
Authors: Yanfeng Qi, Bo Cao, Guanyi Zhang, Duo Xu, Zhiyong Guo, Zhenggang Xiong, Stephen Plymate, Oliver Sartor, Haitao Zhang, Yan Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Androgen deprivation therapy, which disrupts androgen receptor (AR) signaling through androgen ablation or AR antagonists, is the first-line treatment for disseminated prostate cancer. While this regimen is effective initially, progression to the presently incurable and lethal stage, termed castration-resistant prostate cancer, invariably occurs. Upregulation of constitutively-active AR splice variants (AR-Vs) has been implicated in AR-driven tumor progression in castration-resistant prostate cancer. To date, functional studies of AR-Vs have been focused mainly on their ability to regulate gene expression independent of the full-length AR (AR-FL). Here, we showed that AR-V7 and ARv567es, two major AR-Vs, both facilitated AR-FL nuclear translocation in the absence of androgen and mitigated the ability of the antiandrogen enzalutamide to inhibit AR-FL nuclear trafficking. AR-V bound to the promoter of its specific target without AR-FL, but when dimerized with AR-FL, co-occupied the promoter of canonical AR target with AR-FL in a mutually-dependent manner. AR-V expression attenuated both androgen and enzalutamide modulation of AR-FL activity/cell growth, and mitigated the in vivo antitumor efficacy of enzalutamide. Furthermore, AR-V levels were upregulated in xenograft tumors that had acquired enzalutamide resistance. Collectively, this study highlights a dual function of AR-Vs in mediating castration resistance. In addition to trans-activating target genes independent of AR-FL, AR-Vs can serve as a “rheostat” to control the response of AR-FL to androgen-directed therapy via activating AR-FL in an androgen-independent manner. The findings shed new insights into the mechanisms of AR-V-mediated castration resistance and have significant therapeutic implications. Citation Format: Yanfeng Qi, Bo Cao, Guanyi Zhang, Duo Xu, Zhiyong Guo, Zhenggang Xiong, Stephen Plymate, Oliver Sartor, Haitao Zhang, Yan Dong. Androgen receptor splice variants activating the full-length receptor in mediating resistance to androgen-directed therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2113. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2113
Psychosocial/Survivorship Issues in Breast Cancer: Are We Doing Better?
Authors: L. Fallowfield, V. Jenkins
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

Modern breast cancer treatment offers many women greater prospects of cure or lengthier, good quality survival than was possible in the past. Advances include improved diagnostic and staging procedures, sophisticated onco-plastic surgery, enhanced radiotherapy techniques, and targeted systemic therapies. Much more attention has also been paid to cancer care delivery and access to specialist nurses, counsellors, support groups, and services provided by breast cancer charities. However, there are some concerns that these considerable improvements in treatment delivery and clinical outcomes have not led to similar benefits in the psychosocial, functional, and sexual well-being of women. The impact that non–life threatening, long-term iatrogenic harms of otherwise efficacious anticancer treatments has on patients is often overlooked; this is in part because of the emphasis given to physician-reported safety data in trials and the general exclusion of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). A failure to utilise reliable PRO measures has meant that some problems are underreported, which consequently has hampered much-needed research into ameliorative interventions. Systematic monitoring of quality of life-threatening side effects would permit early implementation of effective interventions and enhance long-term survivorship. Some examples of the pervasive difficulties that continue to affect survivors and evidence that certain interventions might help are provided in this commentary.
William Garden Hendry
Authors: H Caplan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former consultant surgeon London (b Aberdeen 1914; q Aberdeen 1936; FRCS, FRCS Ed), died from cerebral vascular disease on 26 September 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




After house posts Garden Hendry enlisted in the Royal Army Medical Corps and went on to serve in the Middle East. On demobilisation he joined the London County Council hospital service at Highlands hospital (then known as the Northern Hospital), where he worked for 34 years. He had a wide surgical repertoire, with gastric surgery as a major interest. Garden was a keen gardener and an even keener golfer. In his retirement, he wrote a book, The Dynamic Anatomy of the Golf Swing: A Scientific Approach to Improvement at Golf. Predeceased by his wife, Mary, he leaves three children and eight grandchildren.
IOM: Boost Nurses’ Role in Health Care
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5068: Proteomics based prognostic signature of head and neck cancer
Authors: Ranju Ralhan, Satyendra C. Tripathi, Ajay Matta, Leroi V. DeSouza, Jatinder Kaur, Joerg Grigull, S. S. Chauhan, Nootan K. Shukla, KW Michael Siu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction. Molecular cancer diagnostics is rapidly moving beyond genomics to proteomics. Clinical cancer proteomics has the potential to discover, identify, and quantify novel biomarkers for early detection, diagnosis, prediction of the clinical outcome, and to develop effective therapeutic interventions by using these biomarkers as molecular targets. Despite therapeutic interventions, the five-year survival rate of head and neck cancer patients is less than 50%, and the prognosis of advanced HNSCC cases has not improved much over the past three decades. Methods. Using high-throughput proteomics, we identified a panel of biomarkers in head and neck cancer. This panel of markers was verified in a large independent cohort of paraffin embedded head and neck cancer tissues (n=100) using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Kaplan Meier analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to predict the prognosis of these head and neck cancer patients. Positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV respectively) were calculated as function of follow-up period. Results. Our immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated overexpression of a panel of proteins including 14-3-3zeta, 14-3-3sigma, heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein K (HNRNPK), S100A7 and prothymosin alpha (PTMA) in head and neck cancer patients. Kaplan Meier analysis revealed shorter disease-free survival (DFS = 4 mths.) in head and neck cancer patients showing overexpression of the panel of proteins in comparison to patient cohort not showing overexpression of this panel (DFS = 41 mths., p &amp;lt; 0.001). Positive predictive value (PPV) and Negative predictive value (NPV) further verified the reduced disease free survival of these patients. Logistic regression analysis clearly demonstrated the relevance of this panel as the best prognostic signature for head and neck cancer patients (p &amp;lt; 0.001, Hazards ratio, H.R.=19.6, 95% C.I. = 2.3 – 8.5) in comparison to combinations of 2 – 4 markers and clincopathological parameters. Conclusions. In conclusion we identified, verified and developed a proteomics-based prognostic signature for head and neck cancer patients which may find its utility in follow-up clinics to accurately predict the recurrence of the disease after primary treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5068. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5068
Abstract 5186: PPME1 is a potential novel molecular target in gastric and lung cancer.
Authors: Jing Li, Sufang Han, Ziliang Qian, Xinying Su, Shuqiong Fan, Jiangang Fu, Charles Liu, Lucy Yin, Zeren Gao, Guanshan Zhu, Jingchuan Zhang, De-Hua Yu, Qunsheng Ji
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a human tumor suppressor, and it accounts for the majority of serine/threonine phosphatase activity which is tightly regulated via the methylation of carboxy-terminal of PP2A. Methylation at the carboxyterminal Leu 309 residue by S-adenosylmethionine-dependent leucine carboxyl methytransferase-1 (LCMT1) leads to the activation of PP2A, whilst demethylation of Leu 309 by specific protein phosphatase methylesterase-1 (PPME1) suppresses the PP2A activity. Recent evidence showed that PPME1 is up-regulated in glioblastoma patients and associated with a poor prognosis. In this study we profiled 131 Chinese gastric cancer (GC) samples and 124 Chinese non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) samples by Affy and aCGH to identify potential drug targets, and found PPME1 gene amplification in 3.8% of the GC samples and 3.1% of the NSCLC samples. The PPME1amplification correlated with its mRNA expression. In addition, we confirmed that PPME1 protein expressions were also elevated in the PPME1-amplified tumor samples indicated by immunohistochemistry as compared with corresponding adjacent non-tumor samples. To further investigate the role of PPME1 amplification in tumor growth, we utilized siRNA-mediated gene silencing approaches to specifically knock down PPME1 expression in the PPME1 amplified human cancer cell lines SNU668 (GC) and Oka-C1 (NSCLC). We found that suppression of the PPME1 expression resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell death in those cells. In contrast, little effects were observed on the cell growth and survival of non PPME1-amplified human cancer cells, MKN1 (GC) and HCC95 (NSCLC). Moreover, we showed that the PPME-1 knock-down also resulted in a decrease of PP2A demethylation at Leu309, which correlated with down-regulation of phosphorylation of MAPK and AKT in the cells. Taken together, our data indicate that PPME-1 could be an attractive therapeutic target for subsets of gastric and lung cancers. Citation Format: Jing Li, Sufang Han, Ziliang Qian, Xinying Su, Shuqiong Fan, Jiangang Fu, Charles Liu, Lucy Yin, Zeren Gao, Guanshan Zhu, Jingchuan Zhang, De-Hua Yu, Qunsheng Ji. PPME1 is a potential novel molecular target in gastric and lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5186. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5186
Soluble P-Selectin Is Released Into the Coronary Circulation After Coronary Spasm
Authors: Koichi Kaikita, Hisao Ogawa, Hirofumi Yasue, Tomohiro Sakamoto, Hisakazu Suefuji, Hitoshi Sumida, Ken Okumura
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The glycoprotein P-selectin is an adhesion molecule involved in the property change of leukocytes at the initiation of the inflammatory process. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether acute myocardial ischemia induced by coronary spasm causes an acute inflammatory response in the coronary circulation. Methods and Results We examined plasma soluble P-selectin levels in the coronary sinus and the aortic root simultaneously in 16 patients with coronary spastic angina before and after left coronary artery spasm induced by intracoronary injection of acetylcholine and in 15 patients with stable exertional angina before and after acute myocardial ischemia induced by rapid atrial pacing. Ten control patients with chest pain but normal coronary arteries and no coronary spasm also received intracoronary acetylcholine. Plasma soluble P-selectin levels were increased significantly in the coronary sinus (32.8±3.6 to 52.8±5.9 ng/mL, P &lt;.001) and in the aortic root (34.6±3.7 to 41.9±4.4 ng/mL, P &lt;.05) after the attacks in the coronary spastic angina group but remained unchanged in the stable exertional angina group after the attacks and in the control group after the administration of acetylcholine. Furthermore, the coronary sinus–arterial difference of soluble P-selectin increased significantly after the attacks in the coronary spastic angina group (−1.8±2.2 to 10.9±2.7 ng/mL, P &lt;.001). Conclusions Our data indicate that soluble P-selectin is released into the coronary circulation after coronary artery spasm. We conclude that coronary artery spasm may induce the leukocyte adhesion in the coronary circulation and may lead to myocardial damage.
Pre-Exercise Snacks in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: CHRISTOPHER H. LOWREY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1985Pre-Exercise Snacks in Diabetes MellitusCHRISTOPHER H. LOWREY, M.D.CHRISTOPHER H. LOWREY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-3-476_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Nathan and associates (1) have recently investigated the effect of exercise on plasma glucose levels in fasting diabetics who were maintained on either continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion or multiple daily injections. Their data show that glucose levels remained nearly constant during exercise and fell only after patients returned to the resting state. Therefore, they recommended that exercise-induced hypoglycemia could best be prevented by pre-exercise snacks consisting of slowly absorbed carbohydrates.I am concerned that in their effort to define experimental conditions precisely and ensure reproducibility of results, the authors may have produced recommendations that are not applicable...References1. NATHANMADNEKDELAHANTY DSL. Programing pre-exercise snacks to prevent post-exercise hypoglycemia in intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetics. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:483-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ZINMANMURRAYVRANIC BFM. Glucoregulation during moderate exercise in insulin treated diabetics. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1977;45:641-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CHRISTOPHER H. LOWREY, M.D.Affiliations: Tufts New England Medical Center Boston, MA 02111 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1985Volume 103, Issue 3Page: 476-477KeywordsBlood plasmaCarbohydratesDiabetes mellitusExerciseGlucoseHypoglycemiaInsulinReproducibility ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Influence of past reproductive performance on risk of spontaneous abortion.
Authors: L. Regan, P. R. Braude, P. L. Trembath
Journal: BMJ (1989)

To investigate the incidence of spontaneous abortion in a population of women in order to establish their risk of spontaneous abortion and the obstetric factors predisposing to it.Prospective study of women recruited by radio and poster appeal and from hospital outpatient clinics.English provincial community.630 Women from the general population intending to become pregnant.The viability of the pregnancy was assessed by abdominal ultrasonography before completion of the eighth week, and the assessment was repeated if vaginal bleeding occurred.Spontaneous abortion or live births in women with or without a previous history of spontaneous abortion.The overall incidence of clinically recognisable spontaneous abortion before 20 weeks of gestation was 12% (50/407 pregnancies). The risk of spontaneous abortion in each category of patient was classified with respect to the patient's past reproductive performance and found to be influenced greatly by her previous obstetric history. In primigravidas and women with a history of consistently successful pregnancies the incidences of abortion were low (5% (4/87) and 4% (3/73) respectively), whereas women with only unsuccessful histories had a much greater risk of aborting the study pregnancy (24% (24/98)), even when their sole pregnancy had ended in abortion (20% (12/59)). The outcome of the last pregnancy also influenced the outcome of the study pregnancy; only 5% of women (5/95) whose previous pregnancy had been successful aborted, whereas the incidence of loss of pregnancy among women whose last pregnancy had aborted was 19% (40/214).A knowledge of the patient's reproductive history is essential for the clinical assessment of her risk of spontaneous abortion. As the most important predictive factor for spontaneous abortion is a previous abortion, the outcome of a woman's first pregnancy has profound consequences for all subsequent pregnancies.