tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Leonard T. Kurland, Donald W. Mulder, Knut B. Westlund
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THIS paper describes the results of recent epidemiologic and genetic research in multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It is hoped that inferences presented here on the etiology of the two syndromes will stimulate clinical and laboratory investigations that may verify or correct these inferences.The term "human genetics" is generally well understood; but to avoid the connotation that epidemiology relates only to communicable diseases, we refer to a modification of Maxcy's1 definition of epidemiology as the field of science dealing with the various factors that determine the frequency, the geographic distribution and the population selectivity of a disease, an . . .
Temporal Artery Biopsy and Corticosteroid Treatment: Changing Conclusions without Changing Evidence
Authors: Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 August 1997Temporal Artery Biopsy and Corticosteroid Treatment: Changing Conclusions without Changing EvidenceGuillermo Ruiz-Irastorza, MDGuillermo Ruiz-Irastorza, MDBilbao, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-3-199708010-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The purpose of this letter is to draw attention to the misuse of the results of some clinical studies. I refer to a study published in Annals in June 1994 [1]. The aim of this study was to determine whether corticosteroids affect the findings in temporal artery biopsy in patients with temporal arteritis. The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of 535 patients who underwent temporal biopsy. Each specimen was reexamined by a pathologist. However, every decision about treatment was based on clinical grounds, and there was no gold standard for the diagnosis other than the biopsy result. ...References1. Achkar AA, Lie JT, Hunder GG, O'Fallon WM, Gabriel SE. How does previous corticosteroid treatment affect the biopsy findings in giant cell (temporal) arteritis? Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:987-92. Google Scholar2. Gabriel SE, O'Fallon WM, Achkar AA, Lie JT, Hunder GG. The use of clinical characteristics to predict the results of temporal artery biopsy among patients with suspected giant cell arteritis. J Rheumatol. 1995; 22:93-6. Google Scholar3. Lie JT. Histopathologic specificity of systemic vasculitis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1995; 21:883-909. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza, MDAffiliations: Bilbao, Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by74-Year-Old Woman With Intermittent Fever, Headache, and Stroke 1 August 1997Volume 127, Issue 3Page: 248KeywordsArteriesBiopsyHeadachesPathologistsPolymyalgia rheumaticaPopulation statisticsSpecificitySpecimen preparation and treatmentTemporal arteritisVasculitis ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Angiostatic and chemotactic activities of the CXC chemokine CXCL4L1 (platelet factor-4 variant) are mediated by CXCR3
Authors: Sofie Struyf, Laura Salogni, Marie D. Burdick, Jo Vandercappellen, Mieke Gouwy, Sam Noppen, Paul Proost, Ghislain Opdenakker, Marc Parmentier, Craig Gerard, Silvano Sozzani, Robert M. Strieter, Jo Van Damme
Journal: Blood (2010)
Letter: Oral dihydroergotamine in management of cluster headache.
Authors: L Herzberg, J A Lenman
Journal: BMJ (1976)

colleagues that routine pelvimetry should be performed only postpartum or after a caesarean section, difficult forceps delivery, or perinatal death.Is it not possible that if we had known about that nasty pelvis before we would not have traumatised or killed the baby delivering it vaginally but have made the correct decision to deliver it abdominally?Surely for a risk of only 1 in 30 000 it is well worth while having this extra piece of information with WMhich to program our personal computer.
Abstract P4-14-07: Impact of preservation of the intercostobrachial nerve during axillary dissection on sensory change and health-related quality of life two years after breast cancer surgery
Authors: N Taira, K Shimozuma, S Ohsumi, K Kuroi, T Shiroiwa, T Watanabe, M Saito
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Sensory loss or paresthesia due to division of the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) is a complication of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Preservation of the ICBN may be of value, but few prospective studies have shown an impact of preservation on sensory changes or health related quality of life (HRQOL) after breast cancer surgery. Methods: Prospective study was performed to evaluate the association of ICBN preservation with sensory change and HRQOL at 1 (baseline), 6, 12 and 24 months after breast cancer surgery in 140 patients. The sensory examination included dysesthesia, paresthesia, abnormal touch and pain sensation in the upper arm. Results: Division of the ICBN did not influence the frequency or severity of subjective dysesthesia and paresthesia. There was no marked difference in touch or pain sensation at baseline between patients with a preserved (group P) and divided (group D) ICBN. In group P, the percentage of patients aware of a sensory deficit or loss decreased with time, and that of patients aware of a hypersensitive sensation increased. These changes did not occur in group D, leading to a significant difference between the groups at 24 months. The main difference between the groups was the area with reduced touch or pain sensation. This area decreased with time in group P, but not in group D. ICBN preservation or division did not influence HRQOL. Conclusion: ICBN preservation in ALND has a benefit of a reduced area with long-term axillary hypoesthesia, but has no influence on improvement of pain and HRQOL. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-14-07.
Benign mucosal pemphigoid: immunopathological studies
Authors: E. Panconesi, P. Fabbri, A. Fattorossi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article Benign mucosal pemphigoid: immunopathological studies Get access E. Panconesi, E. Panconesi Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Fabbri, P. Fabbri Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Fattorossi A. Fattorossi Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Pages 9–10, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14288.x Published: 01 December 1977
American Medicine's Problems, Opportunities, and Enemies
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1988)

a recent issue ofTHE JOURNAL, I wrote, In developed countries, the Golden Age of Medicine is at hand—for the patients. 1 While it is evident that our resources and our accomplishments are truly extraordinary, we are far away from having achieved any kind of medical utopia. This editorial attempts to identify some of the myriad reasons hindering realization of that distant ideal and suggests proper responses.  See also p 3171.  There are three basic ways to manage any enterprise. One is by strategic planning, setting goals and objectives, identifying the resources needed to address them, and then proceeding with iteration and accountability. Another approach is to identify and analyze problems as they arise, set priorities, and logically set about solving the problems. A third and less desirable (albeit commonplace) way is simply to muddle through, defending the status quo against change until change becomes mandatory.  Applying a strategic
Microgel Microenvironment Primes Adipose‐Derived Stem Cells Towards an NP Cells‐Like Phenotype
Authors: Gianluca Fontana, Dilip Thomas, Estelle Collin, Abhay Pandit
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Cell therapy of the degenerated intervertebral disc is limited by the lack of appropriate cell sources, thus new strategies for the differentiation of stem cells towards a nucleus pulposus (NP)-like phenotype need investigation. In the current study, it is hypothesized that spherical niche-like structures composed of type II collagen and hyaluronan (HA) mimic the NP microenvironment and promote the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) towards an NP-like phenotype. ADSCs are embedded in microgels of different concentrations of collagen II/HA. Cells' response to the different environments is studied by characterizing differences in cells' viability, morphology, and gene expression. After 21 days of culture, ADSCs maintain ± 80% viability in all the conditions tested. Moreover, microgels with higher concentration of collagen are stable and maintain cells in a rounder shape. In presence of differentiation media, cells are able to differentiate in all the conditions tested, but in a more pronounced manner in the microgel with a higher concentration of collagen. By tuning microgels' properties, it is possible to influence ADSCs' phenotype and ability to differentiate. Indeed, when cultured in high concentrations of collagen, ADSCs expresses high levels of collagen II, aggrecan, SOX9, and low levels of collagen I.
Disseminated Kaposi's Sarcoma in Homosexual Men
Authors: ALVlN E. FRIEDMAN-KIEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Nineteen cases from an epidemic of disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men were studied by clinical, virologic, immunologic, and genetic methods. The patients were all male homosexuals ranging in age from 29 to 52 years, with histories of multiple sexually transmitted diseases and exposure to both prescription and recreational drugs. Sites of disease included skin (16 of 19 patients), lymph nodes (13 patients), gastrointestinal tract (12 patients), spleen (three patients), and lung (one patient). Most patients had elevated levels of serum immunoglobins, positive antibody titers to hepatitis A and B virus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, and impairment of cell-mediated immunologic reactions. The frequency of HLA-DR5 in these patients was significantly elevated. Two of the 19 patients died. Although the precise cause of this epidemic is unknown, it is likely that a genetic predisposition, an acquired immunoregulatory defect, and one or more infectious agents and drugs may be involved.
Double-transseptal, double-balloon valvuloplasty for congenital mitral stenosis.
Authors: R G Grifka, M P O'Laughlin, M R Nihill, C E Mullins
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Eight patients with severe congenital mitral stenosis underwent double transseptal, double-balloon valvuloplasty; two had isolated congenital mitral stenosis, six had additional cardiac defects, and one had previous surgical valvotomy. Ages ranged from 0.6 to 36 years (median, 9 years).All procedures were tolerated well. After valvuloplasty, the left atrial a wave minus the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) gradient was reduced from 25 +/- 6 mm Hg to 9 +/- 3 mm Hg (p less than 0.001), the mitral valve mean gradient was reduced from 18 +/- 7 mm Hg to 8 +/- 3 mm Hg (p = 0.003), and the LVEDP was unchanged. All patients had marked clinical improvement. Only one patient developed significant mitral regurgitation. Two of the first four patients underwent repeat balloon valvuloplasty 7 months later. Follow-up evaluation on six patients from 4 to 54 months revealed no recurrence of symptoms or increased mitral regurgitation.Double transseptal, double-balloon valvuloplasty is an effective treatment for many forms of congenital mitral stenosis. Mitral regurgitation is uncommon after this procedure. The double transseptal approach results in less trauma to the atrial septum and femoral veins and allows easy assessment of any residual postvalvuloplasty gradient.
A significant enhancement of therapeutic effect against hepatic metastases of M5076 in mice by a liposomal interleukin-2 (mixture)
Authors: Eri Kanaoka, Kouji Takahashi, Takayoshi Yoshikawa, Hiroaki Jizomoto, Yoshitaka Nishihara, Naomi Uchida, Ryuji Maekawa, Koichiro Hirano
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2002)
A Study of Physiologic and Metabolic Changes in the Hyperventilation Syndrome.
Authors: H. A. Saltzman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961A Study of Physiologic and Metabolic Changes in the Hyperventilation Syndrome.H. A. Saltzman, M.D., H. O. Sieker, M.D., (Assoc.), A. Heyman, M.D., F.A.C.P.H. A. Saltzman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. O. Sieker, M.D., (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this author, A. Heyman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1060_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe syndrome of hyperventilation is observed frequently and is well recognized. Its pathogenesis, however, is not understood as well. It was the purpose of this study to elucidate the mechanism of the clinical syndrome with observations of respiratory function, biochemical changes, and electroencephalographic alterations during voluntary hyperventilation of one hour. Observations were made on eight normal students.Voluntary hyperventilation decreased arterial carbon dioxide tensions (PCO2) to 15 to 25 mm. Hg within five minutes. The minute ventilation then decreased spontaneously and brief periods of apnea were observed. During the remainder of the study, the markedly hypocapnic levels were maintained with... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1060-1060KeywordsApneaCarbon dioxideElectroencephalographyPartial pressure of carbon dioxidePathogenesis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
A sequence variation scan of the coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) structural gene and associations with plasma FVIII activity levels
Authors: Kevin R. Viel, Deepa K. Machiah, Diane M. Warren, Manana Khachidze, Alfonso Buil, Karl Fernstrom, Juan C. Souto, Juan M. Peralta, Todd Smith, John Blangero, Sandra Porter, Stephen T. Warren, Jordi Fontcuberta, Jose M. Soria, W. Dana Flanders, Laura Almasy, Tom E. Howard
Journal: Blood (2007)
Efficacy of Conversion From Bedtime NPH Insulin Injection to Once- or Twice-Daily Injections of Insulin Glargine in Type 1 Diabetic Patients Using Basal/Bolus Therapy
Authors: Eric S. Albright, Renee Desmond, David S.H. Bell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

The efficacy of glycemic control in type 1 diabetic patients with either once- or twice-daily glargine insulin injection was evaluated in this long-term, prospective, nonrandomized study. Eighty-two type 1 diabetic patients were followed over 12–15 months after conversion from a single bedtime NPH insulin injection to a single bedtime insulin glargine injection. These patients were switched with the availability of glargine insulin to reduce frequency and severity of nocturnal hypoglycemia and to improve fasting glucose levels. This group of type 1 diabetic patients was switched to glargine insulin in place of twice-daily NPH. These patients continued their same bolus therapy with either insulin lispro or aspart and underwent frequent (three to five times daily) home glucose monitoring. This study showed the expected fewer nocturnal hypoglycemic events, but the primary outcome was an improvement in glycemic control based on the HbA1c values. …
Assessment of Pathological Prostate Cancer Characteristics in Men with Favorable Biopsy Features on Predominantly Sextant Biopsy
Authors: Felix K.-H. Chun, Nazareno Suardi, Umberto Capitanio, Claudio Jeldres, Sascha Ahyai, Markus Graefen, Alexander Haese, Thomas Steuber, Andreas Erbersdobler, Francesco Montorsi, Hartwig Huland, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Congenital Atresia of Intestine
Authors: J. H. Wrigley
Journal: BMJ (1956)

comparison with those of previous authors.The only unusual feature of this series is that the work was done in the general departments of a provincial hospital group.We acknowledge the help of Dr. G. M. Colson, who has worked closely with us since his appointment to our hospital group in May, 1954.Five of his patients are included in this series.We thank also the anaesthetists for their interest and help, and the general practitioners who referred their patients and assisted us in assessing the results of operation.
Emotional motivators help to increase handwashing with soap, Indian study finds
Authors: C. Travasso
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Using emotional levers rather than health messages helped to increase rates of handwashing with soap in rural villages in India, a study has found. Triggers such as feelings of disgust and nurturing were found to increase handwashing by 31% and to help people maintain the habit for 12 months.

The SuperAmma (“super mum”) intervention (www.SuperAmma.org) was adapted from an open access toolkit developed by the same research team (www.ChooseSoap.org). It used emotional drivers that had been found to be the most effective levers for behaviour change: disgust (the desire to avoid and remove contamination), nurture (the desire for a happy, thriving child), status (the desire to have greater access to resources than others), and affiliation (the desire to fit in). …
Multi-symptom asthma as an indication of disease severity in epidemiology
Authors: L. Ekerljung, A. Bossios, J. Lötvall, A-C. Olin, E. Rönmark, G. Wennergren, K. Torén, B. Lundbäck
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Epidemiological questionnaires have failed to identify individuals with severe asthma. The extent of symptoms of asthma can, however, be easily established in epidemiology, by identification of multiple symptoms. We hypothesise that reporting of multiple symptoms of asthma reflects uncontrolled disease and is a sign of more severe asthma. The aims of the current study were, therefore, to determine the prevalence and determinants of multi-symptom asthma. A postal questionnaire was sent to 30,000 randomly selected individuals aged 16-75 yrs. A subgroup underwent clinical examinations. Multi-symptom asthma was defined as reported physician-diagnosed asthma, use of asthma medication, recurrent wheeze, attacks of shortness of breath and at least one additional respiratory symptom. The prevalence of multi-symptom asthma was 2.0%, and it was more common among females (2.4 versus 1.5%; p<0.001) and those with a body mass index >30 kg · m(-2). Multi-symptom asthmatics had lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s, higher exhaled nitric oxide fraction and more pronounced hyperresponsiveness. Family history of both asthma and allergy (OR 7.3), and occupational exposure to gas dust or fumes (OR 2.0) were also significant risk factors. Multi-symptom asthmatics comprise 2% of the general population; multi-symptom asthma is related to signs of more severe disease and could be used as an epidemiological marker of disease severity.
Detection of prostate cancer in unselected young men: prospective cohort nested within a randomised controlled trial
Authors: J Athene Lane, Joanne Howson, Jenny L Donovan, John R Goepel, Daniel J Dedman, Liz Down, Emma L Turner, David E Neal, Freddie C Hamdy
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate the feasibility of testing for prostate cancer and the prevalence and characteristics of the disease in unselected young men. <b>Design</b> Prospective cohort nested within a randomised controlled trial, with two years of follow-up. <b>Setting</b> Eight general practices in a UK city. <b>Participants</b> 1299 unselected men aged 45-49. <b>Intervention</b> Prostate biopsies for participants with a prostate specific antigen level of 1.5 ng/ml or more and the possibility of randomisation to three treatments for those with localised prostate cancer. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Uptake of testing for prostate specific antigen; positive predictive value of prostate specific antigen; and prevalence of prostate cancer, TNM disease stage, and histological grade (Gleason score). <b>Results</b> 442 of 1299 men agreed to be tested for prostate specific antigen (34%) and 54 (12%) had a raised level. The positive predictive value for prostate specific antigen was 21.3%. Ten cases of prostate cancer were detected (2.3%) with eight having at least two positive results in biopsy cores and three showing perineural invasion. One tumour was of high volume (cT2c), Gleason score 7, with a positive result on digital rectal examination; nine tumours were cT1c, Gleason score 6, and eight had a negative result on digital rectal examination. Five of the nine eligible participants (55%) agreed to be randomised. No biochemical disease progression in the form of a rising prostate specific antigen level occurred in two years of follow-up. <b>Conclusions</b> Men younger than 50 will accept testing for prostate cancer but at a much lower rate than older men. Using an age based threshold of 1.5 ng/ml, the prevalence of prostate cancer was similar to that in older men (3.0 ng/ml threshold) and some cancers of potential clinical significance were found. <b>Trial registration</b> Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN20141297
Validation of Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Perfusion Imaging With Fractional Flow Reserve for the Detection of Significant Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Stuart Watkins, Ross McGeoch, Jonathan Lyne, Tracey Steedman, Richard Good, Mairi-Jean McLaughlin, Tony Cunningham, Vladimir Bezlyak, Ian Ford, Henry J. Dargie, Keith G. Oldroyd
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion imaging (MRMPI) has a number of advantages over the other noninvasive tests used to detect reversible myocardial ischemia. The majority of previous studies have generally used quantitative coronary angiography as the gold standard to assess the accuracy of MRMPI; however, only an approximate relationship exists between stenosis severity and functional significance. Pressure wire-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) values <0.75 correlate closely with objective evidence of reversible ischemia. Accordingly, we have compared MRMPI with FFR.One hundred three patients referred for investigation of suspected angina underwent MRMPI with a 1.5-T scanner. The stress agent was intravenous adenosine (140 microg . kg(-1) . min(-1)), and the first-pass bolus contained 0.1 mmol/kg gadolinium. In the following week, coronary angiography with pressure wire studies was performed. FFR was recorded in all patent major epicardial coronary arteries, with a value <0.75 denoting significant stenosis. MRMPI scans, analyzed by 2 blinded observers, identified perfusion defects in 121 of 300 coronary artery segments (40%), of which 110 had an FFR <0.75. We also found that 168 of 179 normally perfused segments had an FFR > or = 0.75. The sensitivity and specificity of MRMPI for the detection of functionally significant coronary heart disease were 91% and 94%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 91% and 94%.MRMPI can detect functionally significant coronary heart disease with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values compared with FFR.
Adaphostin-induced apoptosis in CLL B cells is associated with induction of oxidative stress and exhibits synergy with fludarabine
Authors: Tait D. Shanafelt, Yean K. Lee, Nancy D. Bone, Ann K. Strege, Ven L. Narayanan, Edward A. Sausville, Susan M. Geyer, Scott H. Kaufmann, Neil E. Kay
Journal: Blood (2004)