tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induced Adipocyte Cell-Sheet Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction in a Mouse Myocardial Infarction Model
Authors: Yukiko Imanishi, Shigeru Miyagawa, Norikazu Maeda, Satsuki Fukushima, Satoru Kitagawa-Sakakida, Takashi Daimon, Ayumu Hirata, Tatsuya Shimizu, Teruo Okano, Iichiro Shimomura, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— A drug delivery system that constitutively and effectively retains cardioprotective reagents in the targeted myocardium has long been sought to treat acute myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that a scaffold-free induced adipocyte cell-sheet (iACS), transplanted on the surface of the heart, might intramyocardially secrete multiple cardioprotective factors including adiponectin (APN), consequently attenuating functional deterioration after acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results— Induced ACS were generated from adipose tissue–derived cells of wild-type (WT) mice (C57BL/6J), which secreted abundant APN, hepatocyte growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro. Transplanted iACS secreted APN into the myocardium of APN-knockout (KO) mice at 4 weeks. APN was also detected in the plasma of iACS-transplanted APN-KO mice at 3 months (245±113 pg/mL). After left anterior descending artery ligation, iACS, generated from either WT (n=40) or APN-KO (n=40) mice, were grafted onto the surface of the anterior left ventricular wall of WT mice, or only left anterior descending artery ligation was performed (n=43). Two days later, inflammation and infarct size were significantly diminished only in the WT-iACS treated mice. One month later, cardiomyocyte diameter and percent fibrosis were smaller, whereas ejection fraction and survival were greater in the WT-iACS treated mice compared with the KO-iACS–treated or nontreated mice. Conclusions— Cardioprotective factors including APN, hepatocyte growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor were secreted from iACS. Transplantation of iACS onto the acute myocardial infarction heart attenuated infarct size, inflammation, and left ventricular remodeling, mediated by intramyocardially secreted APN in a constitutive manner. This method might be a novel drug delivery system to treat heart disease.
Open Fracture Dislocation of the Knee
Authors: Rodolfo T. Domingo
Journal: JAMA (1963)

COMPLETE OPEN DISLOCATION of the knee is a rare injury.1A case of a complete posterior dislocation of the knee associated with a fracture of the medial femoral condyle and complete loss of the skin covering about the knee and leg is reported. The management of this patient demonstrates several important aspects of the treatment of massive soft-tissue wounds and serves to emphasize the importance of a well-functioning quadriceps mechanism to the maintenance of the function and stability of the knee.  Report of a Case  A 25-year-old male truck driver was admitted to Kings County Hospital Center on December 17, 1960, after being involved in an automobile accident which had caused an obvious posterior dislocation of the leg on the thigh and complete avulsion of the skin from below the tibial tubercle to the supracondylar region of the femur. The first examiner believed that immediate midthigh amputation was indicated.
Laser dermatology – beware the sharks!
Authors: S. Karsai, M. Jünger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Laser dermatology – beware the sharks! Get access S. Karsai, S. Karsai Department of Dermatology Klinikum Darmstadt Heidelberger Landstr. 379 D‐64297 Darmstadt GermanyDepartment of Dermatology University Hospital Greifswald Greifswald Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Jünger M. Jünger Department of Dermatology University Hospital Greifswald Greifswald Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 170, Issue 2, 1 February 2014, Pages 473–474, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12633 Published: 01 February 2014
Measures of grandparental investment as a limiting factor in theoretical and empirical advancement
Authors: Richard L. Michalski
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract To refine our understanding of grandparental investment and its consequences, we need to understand what grandparents do for their grandchildren. Knowing the landscape of grandparental investment will facilitate a better understanding of the impact of grandparental investment on grandchildren and will allow inroads to be made in bridging the different levels of analysis.
Use of check lists in assessing the statistical content of medical studies.
Authors: M J Gardner, D Machin, M J Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Two check lists are used routinely in the statistical assessment of manuscripts submitted to the "BMJ." One is for papers of a general nature and the other specifically for reports on clinical trials. Each check list includes questions on the design, conduct, analysis, and presentation of studies, and answers to these contribute to the overall statistical evaluation. Only a small proportion of submitted papers are assessed statistically, and these are selected at the refereeing or editorial stage. Examination of the use of the check lists showed that most papers contained statistical failings, many of which could easily be remedied. It is recommended that the check lists should be used by statistical referees, editorial staff, and authors and also during the design stage of studies.
Sports Nutrition: Energy Metabolism and Exercise
Authors: Mark D. Haub
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Defibrillators and Sudden Death
Authors: Lawrence J. Cohn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters16 December 2003Defibrillators and Sudden DeathLawrence J. Cohn, MDLawrence J. Cohn, MDFrom New York, NY 10021.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-12-200312160-w1 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:An often-overlooked detail in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II (MADIT II) was that many and perhaps most of the patients had to have frequent or repetitive ventricular ectopic beats (1). In their systematic review, Ezekowitz and colleagues (2) did not discuss this. Until the MADIT II authors reveal the arrhythmia profiles of the patients in this trial, it cannot be used to determine who will benefit from an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.Reference1. Moss AJ, Zareba W, Hall WJ, Klein H, Wilber DJ, Cannom DS, . Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:877-83. [PMID: 11907286] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Ezekowitz JA, Armstrong PW, McAlister FA. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators in primary and secondary prevention: a systematic review of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:445-52. [PMID: 12639076] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From New York, NY 10021. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoImplantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Primary and Secondary Prevention Justin A. Ezekowitz , Paul W. Armstrong , and Finlay A. McAlister Metrics 16 December 2003Volume 139, Issue 12Page: W-84KeywordsArrhythmiaImplantable cardioverter defibrillatorsSystematic reviews ePublished: 16 December 2003 Issue Published: 16 December 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Ambiguous Relation between Aging and Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Jerry H. Gurwitz, Jerry Avorn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Purpose: To examine the evidence for a relation between advancing patient age and the risk for adverse drug reactions. Data Sources: A computer-assisted search of the English-language literature (MEDLINE, 1966 to 1990) followed by selective review of all pertinent articles. Study Selection: Studies that stratified data on adverse drug reactions by patient age were screened for review. Article selection was not limited by study design; the relation between age and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions did not have to be a primary focus of the study. Data Extraction: Pertinent data were abstracted from the results of case-control and cohort studies and from clinical trials. The methodologic strengths and weaknesses of these studies are discussed with particular reference to gerontologic issues. Results of Data Synthesis: Most studies have neglected the issue of whether the increased frequency of adverse drug reactions in the elderly is attributable to age alone or to the fact that older patients are more likely to have coexisting illnesses and to be taking several medications. Studies that combine all drug exposures for each patient and report the risk for any adverse effect provide little useful information about the risks associated with specific drug therapies in the elderly. The association between age and the risk for adverse drug reactions is best examined for individual pharmacologic agents. However, the exclusion of elderly subjects from clinical trials makes the determination of age effects impossible in many studies. Where subjects do represent an adequate age range, most studies fail to control for important clinical differences among subjects of different ages to distinguish the independent effects of chronologic age. Conclusion: Conventional clinical wisdom suggests that the risk for adverse drug reactions increases with advancing age, but available data do not confirm this "truism" of geriatric medicine. The inter-individual variability of the aging process, including the non-uniform nature of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes that occur with aging, indicates that clinical reality is far more complex. Patient-specific physiologic and functional characteristics are probably more important than any chronologic measure in predicting both adverse and beneficial outcomes associated with specific drug therapies.
How long should Atrovent be given in acute asthma?
Authors: C Brophy, B Ahmed, S Bayston, A Arnold, D McGivern, M Greenstone
Journal: Thorax (1998)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> In acute asthma the optimal duration of treatment with combination β agonist and anticholinergic nebuliser solutions is unknown; most studies have investigated single doses or treatment for up to 12 hours. To determine whether longer treatment with ipratropium bromide might aid recovery a study was undertaken in 106 patients with acute asthma. <h3>METHODS</h3> A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, three group study was performed with all patients receiving ipratropium for 12 hours and salbutamol for 60 hours after admission (both nebulised four hourly), systemic steroids and, if necessary, theophylline. At 12 hours ipratropium was stopped in group I (n = 35) but was continued in the other two groups, and at 36 hours ipratropium was also stopped in group II (n = 35) while patients in group III (n = 36) continued with ipratropium for 60 hours. Spirometric tests were performed before and after salbutamol, and again 30 and 60 minutes after ipratropium or placebo at 12, 36 and 60 hours. Peak flow rates (PEFR) were measured before and after each nebulisation. <h3>RESULTS</h3> There were no differences between the groups in PEFR on admission (group I: 214 l/min, group II: 198 l/min, group III: 221 l/min), or mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) at 12 hours (group I: 1.8 l, group II: 2.0 l, group III: 2.2 l), 36 hours (group I: 2.1 l, group II: 2.3 l, group III: 2.4 l), or at 60 hours (group I: 2.2 l, group II: 2.3 l, group III 2.5 l). Despite this, median time to discharge was significantly higher for patients in group I (5.4 days) than for those in groups II (4.1 days) and III (4.0 days). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Combination nebulised therapy can be continued beyond 12 hours and up to 36 hours after admission with improved recovery time. Lung function testing may not reflect the full benefit of treatment.
Deoxyribonuclease 1 aggravates acetaminophen-induced liver necrosis in male CD-1 mice
Authors: Markus Napirei, Alexei G. Basnakian, Eugene O. Apostolov, Hans Georg Mannherz
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

An overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) ( N -acetyl-p-aminophenol) leads to hepatocellular necrosis induced by its metabolite N -acetyl-p-benzoquinone-imine, which is generated during the metabolic phase of liver intoxication. It has been reported that DNA damage occurs during the toxic phase; however, the nucleases responsible for this effect are unknown. In this study, we analyzed the participation of the hepatic endonuclease deoxyribonuclease 1 (DNASE1) during APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by employing a Dnase1 knockout (KO) mouse model. Male CD-1 Dnase1 wild-type (WT) ( Dnase1 +/+) and KO ( Dnase1 −/−) mice were treated with 2 different doses of APAP. Hepatic histopathology was performed, and biochemical parameters for APAP metabolism and necrosis were investigated, including depletion of glutathione/glutathione-disulfide (GSH+GSSG), β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH+NAD+), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP); release of aminotransferases and Dnase1; and occurrence of DNA fragmentation. As expected, an APAP overdose in WT mice led to massive hepatocellular necrosis characterized by the release of aminotransferases and depletion of hepatocellular GSH+GSSG, NADH+NAD+, and ATP. These metabolic events were accompanied by extensive DNA degradation. In contrast, Dnase1 KO mice were considerably less affected. In conclusion , whereas the innermost pericentral hepatocytes of both mouse strains underwent necrosis to the same extent independent of DNA damage, the progression of necrosis to more outwardly located cells was dependent on DNA damage and only occurred in WT mice. Dnase1 aggravates APAP-induced liver necrosis. (Hepatology 2006;43:297–305.)
Chemoprotective Effects of Two Dithiolthiones and of Butylhydroxyanisole Against Carbon Tetrachloride and Acetaminophen Toxicity
Authors: Sherry S. Ansher, Patrick Dolan, Ernest Bueding
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Administration of tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole or of two dithiolthiones to female CD-I mice protected against the acute toxic effects of two hepatotoxic agents, acetaminophen and carbon tetrachloride. Reduced mortality of mice was observed following pretreatment with tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole or dithiolthiones. Pretreatment reduced or prevented hepatic glutathione depletion produced by these two hepatotoxic agents. Liver damage, i.e., as determined by serum transaminase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities, was less after pretreatment with tert-butyl-4-hydroxyani-sole or dithiolthiones. Administration of dithiolthiones resulted in increased (from four- to over six-fold) activities of liver glutathione-S-transferases.
Low-Dose BCG Instillations in the Treatment of Stage T1 Grade 3 Bladder Tumours: Recurrence, Progression and Success
Authors: Thierry Lebret, Fran&ccedil;ois Gaudez, Jean-Marie Herv&eacute;, Philippe Barr&eacute;, Pierre-Marie Lugagne, Henry Botto
Journal: European Urology (1998)
Low-dose inotropic stimulation during left ventricular ischaemia does not worsen post-ischaemic dysfunction
Authors: G SCHWARTZ, Y XU, C GREYSON, J COHEN, L LU
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Inotropic agents are used clinically to improve ventricular function during ischaemia. The goal of this study was to determine whether inotropic stimulation during moderate left ventricular (LV) ischaemia exacerbates post-ischaemic LV dysfunction. Methods: In 18 open-chest, anesthetized pigs, LV pressure versus subendocardial segment length loops were used to generate regional preload-recruitable stroke work (PRSW) and LV end-diastolic pressure (EDP) versus end-diastolic segment length (EDL) relations. Ischaemia was produced by constant, partial constriction of the mid anterior descending coronary artery for 90 min. Nine pigs received dobutamine (4 μg·kg−1·min−1, i.v.) during the final 60 min of ischaemia (Group 2), while 9 other pigs did not (Group 1). Results: During unstimulated ischaemia, anterior subendocardial blood flow (Group 1, 0.27 ± .05; Group 2, 0.30 ± .07 ml·g−1·min−1, mean ± s.e.m.) and steady-state PRSW (Group 1, 30 ± 4%; Group 2, 27 ± 5% of baseline) were similar in both groups. Dobutamine stimulation during ischaemia increased heart rate, mean arterial pressure, subendocardial blood flow, oxygen consumption and steady-state PRSW of the ischaemic zone, but not lactate release. After 60 min reperfusion, steady-state ischaemic zone PRSW remained markedly and nearly equally reduced in both groups (Group 1, 28 ± 4%; Group 2, 23 ± 5% of baseline). Reduced PRSW after reperfusion was due primarily to persistent rightward shift of the PRSW intercept with only a modest contribution from reduced PRSW slope. Conclusions: Low-dose inotropic stimulation during moderate regional LV ischaemia increases aerobic, but not anaerobic energy metabolism, and does not worsen post-ischaemic dysfunction.
Neutrophil differentiation into a unique hybrid population exhibiting dual phenotype and functionality of neutrophils and dendritic cells
Authors: Hironori Matsushima, Shuo Geng, Ran Lu, Takashi Okamoto, Yi Yao, Nobuyasu Mayuzumi, Paul F. Kotol, Benjamin J. Chojnacki, Toru Miyazaki, Richard L. Gallo, Akira Takashima
Journal: Blood (2013)
Types of Radiation: The Journal Flunks Physics-Reply
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

In Reply.—  Dr Wick is correct. While many of our mistakes might seem to be intentional (to fulfill some departmental quota designed to perpetuate  LETTERS section),  accumulation to which he refers was not. Two were born of  necessity to summarize due to space limitations;  third resulted from a typographical error. Here's how they occurred:  Alpha radiation: Rather than describe an alpha particle as  nucleus of a helium atom—two protons and two neutrons—we named only  component nuclear particles. We did not mean to imply that these particles were emitted independently.  Beta radiation: The modifier nearly was inadvertently dropped. It was to have preceded the speed of light.  Gamma radiation: Gamma radiation is like sound. It cannot be entirely blocked. Thus, we should have said attenuated to levels considered  instead of stopped. The amount of shielding needed to attenuate gamma radiation to safe levels varies
Retinoid X Receptor Gamma Control of Affective Behaviors Involves Dopaminergic Signaling in Mice
Authors: Agnieszka Krzyżosiak, Monika Szyszka-Niagolov, Marta Wietrzych, Serge Gobaille, Shin-ichi Muramatsu, Wojciech Krężel
Journal: Neuron (2010)
PMO-011 Evaluating participants' experiences of the bowel screening Wales service
Authors: C Lewis
Journal: Gut (2012)

Introduction The aim of the study is to evaluate participants' opinions on their experience of the Bowel Screening Wales (BSW) service and thus provide a snapshot view of the programme. Methods The primary research incorporated a thorough examination of peer-reviewed articles focusing on factors that may influence the patient experience of healthcare services. This included issues surrounding service performance, specifically, public satisfaction and experience processes, relationship with healthcare professionals, information giving and waiting times. Additionally region of residence and gender as influencing factors of user perspectives were discussed. An anonymous survey took the form of a self–administered, postal questionnaire. Results It was established that the users of the programme had a positive experience. User satisfaction was very high in all areas of the programme. Respondents were satisfied with the invitation pack and the way results were communicated to them. A high majority of those that contacted the freephone helpline were satisfied with the service they received. A high positive result was received in relation to satisfaction with the SSP appointment and the information received to prepare them for this appointment. 100% of respondents reported that they were satisfied with the services they received for further investigations. Participants appeared satisfied with the information provided to prepare them for a sensitive investigation which is significant since only one respondent had received a face to face appointment. The majority of respondents reported that they were treated with respect by the healthcare staff and that they were confident in their abilities. Longer waiting times did not appear to influence user satisfaction of the service. The data on region of residence and experience was inconclusive. It emerged from the data on sex and gender that there was little variation in the experiences of males and females. It is recognised that participants may respond to questionnaires in a favourable manner. However, the qualitative data provided by this study has confirmed the positive findings of the quantitative information. Conclusion The outcomes of the study achieved the aims and objectives. Recommendations for service improvements were made to BSW based on the findings of this study. The study will allow for future snap shots to compare user experience and trend over time. This is a new national service and there were many comments expressing gratitude for the opportunity to participate and relief at obtaining a negative result. As the programme becomes embedded and users become more familiar with bowel screening there would be an opportunity to compare these finding against experiences in several years time. Competing interests None declared.