tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Characterization of the First Pediatric Adrenocortical Carcinoma Xenograft Model Identifies Topotecan as a Potential Chemotherapeutic Agent
Authors: Emilia M. Pinto, Christopher Morton, Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, Lisa McGregor, Andrew M. Davidoff, Kimberly Mercer, Larisa V. Debelenko, Catherine Billups, Raul C. Ribeiro, Gerard P. Zambetti
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. Conventional chemotherapeutic agents have shown limited utility and are largely ineffective in treating children with advanced ACC. The lack of cell lines and animal models of pediatric ACC has hampered the development of new therapies. Here we report the establishment of the first pediatric ACC xenograft model and the characterization of its sensitivity to selected chemotherapeutic agents. Experimental Design: A tumor from an 11-year-old boy with previously untreated ACC was established as a subcutaneous xenograft in immunocompromised CB17 scid−/− mice. The patient harbored a germline TP53 G245C mutation, and the primary tumor showed loss of heterozygosity with retention of the mutated TP53 allele. Histopathology, DNA fingerprinting, gene expression profiling, and biochemical analyses of the xenograft were conducted and compared with the primary tumor and normal adrenal cortex. The second endpoint was to assess the preliminary antitumor activity of selected chemotherapeutic agents. Results: The xenograft maintained the histopathologic and molecular features of the primary tumor. Screening the xenograft for drug responsiveness showed that cisplatin had a potent antitumor effect. However, etoposide, doxorubicin, and a panel of other common cancer drugs had little or no antitumor activity, with the exception of topotecan, which was found to significantly inhibit tumor growth. Consistent with these preclinical findings, topotecan as a single agent in a child with relapsed ACC resulted in disease stabilization. Conclusion: Our study established a novel TP53-associated pediatric ACC xenograft and identified topotecan as a potentially effective agent for treating children with this disease. Clin Cancer Res; 19(7); 1740–7. ©2013 AACR.
Sensation and emulation of coordinated actions
Authors: Charles B. Walter
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Although the application of the emulation model to the control of simple positioning movements is relatively straightforward, extending the scheme to actions requiring multisegmental, interlimb coordination complicates matters a bit. Special consideration of the demands in this case, both on sensory processing and on the process model (two key elements of the Kalman filter), are discussed.
Peritoneoscopic features of intraabdominal vessels in cirrhosis of the liver
Authors: G. P. Jori, G. Mazzacca
Journal: Gut (1971)

Peritoneoscopy was carried out in 57 cirrhotic patients in order to evaluate the morphological features of intraabdominal veins. These were described either as normal or characterized by minimal, moderate, or marked alterations: accordingly, the patients were classified into four groups. Intrahepatic and intrasplenic pressures were measured in most patients; abnormally elevated values were found in every case, and the higher figures belonged to the subjects with minor involvement of the intraabdominal veins. Superficial collateralization and oesophageal varices appeared unrelated to changes in these veins, whereas splenomegaly was mostly found in patients with normal or slightly altered intraabdominal veins. Percutaneous splenoportography was performed in 16 patients, and venographic appearances did not correlate with peritoneoscopic features of the intraabdominal veins. Ascites, on the other hand, was exclusively present in patients with alterations in these veins. It is suggested that some pathogenetic relationship might exist between changes in intraabdominal veins seen by peritoneoscopy and ascites.
Congenital Syphilis and Necrotizing Funisitis-Reply
Authors: Lee Moskowitz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Some of Dr Benirschke's criticisms of our article can be answered by saying that the format of a Brief Report in<i>JAMA</i>simply does not provide the space necessary for a complete literature review and inclusion of all data that might be desired. The diagnosis of congenital syphilis in our series was based on the combination of serological and anatomic findings for which we systematically searched: changes consistent with syphilis were present in each of the infants and in each of their placentas. The anatomic criteria for the diagnosis of syphilis are given in the first five references cited. They are suited to postmortem diagnosis, whereas the excellent article by Rathbun<sup>1</sup>cited in Dr Benirschke's letter was neither intended for that purpose nor can it be so applied. In it, the author states, and we concur with her, that negative reagin tests do not exclude congenital syphilis.
A 42-Year-Old Man With Hypertension
Authors: Suzanne Oparil
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Dr Delbanco:</h3> Mr J is a 42-year-old African-American man first diagnosed with hypertension when he was 28 years old. He is married, lives in an apartment in the inner city of Boston with his wife and child, and works in an accounting department. He has health insurance through a managed care plan. His family history for hypertension is striking. His father died at the age of 69 years of complications of hypertension, with multiple strokes and congestive heart failure. His mother died at age 55 years of complications of hypertension and congestive heart failure. His 6 siblings do not have hypertension, but 3 have asthma. After being found hypertensive, Mr J underwent an evaluation for secondary causes, including physical examination, urinalysis, electrolytes, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum creatinine, and thyroid function tests; all findings were normal. He stopped smoking in 1991 after a 12 pack-year history and has not smoked
Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Authors: Ronald M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A simple method of placing a nasojejunal tube in a patient with a nasobiliary catheter
Authors: Z. Li, D. Wang, Z. Liao
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

The early initiation of enteral nutrition is considered to be standard care in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Enteral nutrition was always delivered through a nasojejunal tube that had been placed endoscopically or radiographically [1]. However, variable success rates have been reported for different techniques for placing nasojejunal tubes [2] [3] [4]. Without any direct or indirect visualization, it is difficult to know when the nasojejunal tube has traversed the pylorus. We here describe a simple way of placing a nasojejunal tube in a patient with acute biliary pancreatitis, who had undergone an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and a nasobiliary drainage procedure 1 week previously.
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: cyclical chemotherapy with three combinations of four drugs (COAP-POMP-CART regimen).
Authors: A S Spiers, P D Roberts, G W Marsh, S J Parekh, A J Franklin, D A Galton, Z L Szur, E A Paul, P Husband, E Wiltshaw
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Forty-two adults and children with previously untreated acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) were entered into a programme of chemotherapy in which three combinations, each of four drugs were administered in a predetermined cyclical rotation together with cranial irradiation and intrathecal injections of methotrexate. Forty-one patients (98%) entered remission and no patient developed neuroleukaemia. Relapse of ALL occurred in 10 patients, and three patients died during remission, while eight patients stopped treatment after two and a half years and have remained in remission for two to 26 months. Comparison of remission and survival experience in this mixed group of children and adults with the experience of children treated at Memphis and in the Medical Research Council9s UKALL-I trial showed no significant differences. On the other hand, analysis by prognostic factors showed that neither age nor blast cell count at presentation had any adverse effect in patients treated in this study. No relapses occurred in nine patients with blast cell counts greater than 20 x 109/1 at presentation. This regimen is effective treatment for ALL and may be of special value in patients with poor prognoses. The regiment has not as yet proved superior for the treatment of children with ALL who do not have adverse prognostic features.
Antenatal prediction of sex.
Authors: I A Hughes, K M Laurence
Journal: BMJ (1979)

a week after my own report.In other words, I'm afraid, Now!, quite legitimately, "scooped" the Lancet on its own territory on this occasion.Although it verges on pedantry to expect a lay publication like Now! to be as scrupulous as a relatively academic joumal such as the BMJ in quoting recondite sources, I entirely agree that sources should be quoted.We will always give credit where it is due, and I hope the BMJ will try harder in future to do the same.
An introduction to boron: history, sources, uses, and chemistry.
Authors: W G Woods
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Following a brief overview of the terrestrial distribution of boron in rocks, soil, and water, the history of the discovery, early utilization, and geologic origin of borate minerals is summarized. Modern uses of borate-mineral concentrates, borax, boric acid, and other refined products include glass, fiberglass, washing products, alloys and metals, fertilizers, wood treatments, insecticides, and microbiocides. The chemistry of boron is reviewed from the point of view of its possible health effects. It is concluded that boron probably is complexed with hydroxylated species in biologic systems, and that inhibition and stimulation of enzyme and coenzymes are pivotal in its mode of action.
Clinical Empathy as Emotional Labor in the Patient-Physician Relationship
Authors: Eric B. Larson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Empathy should characterize all health care professions. Despite advancement in medical technology, the healing relationship between physicians and patients remains essential to quality care. We propose that physicians consider empathy as emotional labor (ie, management of experienced and displayed emotions to present a certain image). Since the publication of Hochschild's The Managed Heart in 1983, researchers in management and organization behavior have been studying emotional labor by service workers, such as flight attendants and bill collectors. In this article, we focus on physicians as professionals who are expected to be empathic caregivers. They engage in such emotional labor through deep acting (ie, generating empathy-consistent emotional and cognitive reactions before and during empathic interactions with the patient, similar to the method-acting tradition used by some stage and screen actors), surface acting (ie, forging empathic behaviors toward the patient, absent of consistent emotional and cognitive reactions), or both. Although deep acting is preferred, physicians may rely on surface acting when immediate emotional and cognitive understanding of patients is impossible. Overall, we contend that physicians are more effective healers--and enjoy more professional satisfaction--when they engage in the process of empathy. We urge physicians first to recognize that their work has an element of emotional labor and, second, to consciously practice deep and surface acting to empathize with their patients. Medical students and residents can benefit from long-term regular training that includes conscious efforts to develop their empathic abilities. This will be valuable for both physicians and patients facing the increasingly fragmented and technological world of modern medicine.
830. Determination of the Profile and Site Preference of Lentiviral Vector Integration In Vivo
Authors: Caroline V. Hacker, Conrad V. Vink, Susan M. Kingsman, Kyriacos A. Mitrophanous, James E. Miskin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Oxford BioMedica (OBM) has developed minimal lentiviral vectors based on Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus (EIAV), and these are currently being developed for use in the clinic. One advantage of lentiviral vectors over other retroviral vector systems is that they can integrate in non-dividing cells such as neurons. OBM have now developed ProSavin®, which is an EIAV-based vector for the treatment for Parkinson's disease. ProSavin that has demonstrated efficacy in industry standard models of Parkinson's disease and it is hoped that ProSavin will enter clinical evaluation in the near future. Integration of retroviruses and retroviral vectors within the target cell genome has been shown to be non-random. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV-based vectors have a bias for integrating into genes, and more specifically genes that are active following infection with HIV. Murine leukaemia virus (MLV) integration favours transcriptional start sites whilst Avian sarcoma-leukosis virus (ASLV) shows only a mild preference for transcriptional start sites. OBM has used ligation mediated PCR (LM-PCR) to map 458 integration sites for EIAV based lentiviral vectors and 162 control sites for HIV based lentiviral vectors in vitro. By comparison of these two data sets to a control data set that was generated in silico, we have shown that, like HIV, EIAV based vectors show a preference for active genes. In contrast to published analysis of MLV integration, EIAV and HIV do not show a preference for the transcriptional start site or promoter region of genes. An investigation of the integration profile of EIAV-based vectors in vivo has now been initiated. Template DNA was isolated either from EIAV vector-treated rat striatum tissue (following stereotactic injection into the brain), or from murine ocular tissue following administration of vector into the eye. The results of EIAV integration analysis will be reported.
Proposal of a New Acquisition Protocol for Bladder Cancer Visualization With 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Sotirios Chondrogiannis, Maria Cristina Marzola, Patrick M. Colletti, Domenico Rubello
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

18F-FDG PET/CT has a limited role in the evaluation of locoregional bladder cancer because of the interference of radioactive urine. Methods proposed to overcome interference are based on 18F-FDG washout and include late images after voiding, catheterization, bladder irrigation, and forced diuresis. We performed a very early 18F-FDG PET/CT acquisition of the pelvic region in a man with bladder cancer with wall invasion in order to evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of this method to visualize bladder cancer. Early images revealed a pathologic accumulation of the tracer in the posterior left wall of the bladder that was thickened on the CT images.
Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Levels in HIV Infection
Authors: Carl R. Merril
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Death from all causes has been correlated with decreased levels of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone.<sup>1</sup>The large number of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and its poor prognosis,<sup>2</sup>have prompted us to investigate whether there is a correlation between infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and plasma dehydroepiandrosterone levels. Three additional avenues of investigation have suggested to us that dehydroepiandrosterone may be influenced by infections with HIV. First, plasma levels of dehydroepiandrosterone are age dependent, with low levels in childhood and in older adults,<sup>3</sup>the ages that have the poorest prognosis for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.<sup>2</sup>Second, there are many disease correlations with plasma dehydroepiandrosterone: in humans, low plasma dehydroepiandrosterone levels have been recorded in women with breast tumors<sup>4,5</sup>; in rodents, a diet supplemented with dehydroepiandrosterone protects against breast tumors,<sup>6</sup>diabetes,<sup>7</sup>obesity,<sup>7</sup>autoimmune nephritis,<sup>8</sup>and viral infections and chemically
Coexistence of gaucher disease and philadelphia positive chronic granulocytic leukemia
Authors: E. Shinar, Z. ‐Ben Leibovitz Gershon, R. Leiserowitz, Y. Matzner, S. Yatziv, A. Polliack
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract A patient with coexistent Gaucher disease and Philadelphia positive chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), who subsequently developed myeloblastic leukemia, is described. The diagnosis of CGL was established according to standard clinical, morphological, biochemical, and cytogenetic data, while the diagnosis of true Gaucher disease was based on biochemical data and the presence of Gaucher cells with typical ultrastructural features in the bone marrow and spleen. Enzyme studies showed low activity of ceramide‐β‐glucosidase in the patient's peripheral blood leukocytes, skin fibroblasts, and splenic tissue and the presence of increased amounts of ceramide‐β‐glucoside in the spleen. This case is reported in order to draw attention to the possible coexistence of these two diseases in the same patient, as opposed to the well‐recognized finding of “Gaucher‐like” cells in the bone marrow of patients with CGL. Enzyme studies enable distinction between these two situations.
The White Coat Revisited
Authors: Stanley N. Schwartz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 August 1991The White Coat RevisitedStanley N. Schwartz, MDStanley N. Schwartz, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-3-233_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:About 2 years ago, I gave up wearing sport coats and suits while practicing medicine and went back to wearing a white lab coat. I did this with trepidation because the medical center I work in is not a "white coat" institution: When you are past your training program here, you wear business clothes like everyone else. Although the white coat seems less favored lately and had even been incriminated in producing "illness" (so-called "white coat hypertension") (1), there are practical reasons for wearing one. The economy of the white coat is undeniable: A whole wardrobe of...References1. LongGillilanLeeKimPlantholt JRSCS. White-coat hypertension: detection and evaluation. Md Med J. 1990;39:555-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Blumhagen D. The doctor's white coat―the image of the physician in modern America. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:111-6. LinkGoogle Scholar3. GjerdingenSimpson DD. Physicians' attitudes about their professional appearance. Fam Pract Res J. 1989 Fall-Winter;9(1):57-64. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BlondellHumbleRoberts RRD. Patients and the habits of house officers [Letter]. JAMA. 1987;257:2031-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. ColtSolot HJ. Attitudes of patients and physicians regarding physician dress and demeanor in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 1989;18:145-51. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 6565 South Yales, Suite 812 Tulsa, OK 74136 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1991Volume 115, Issue 3Page: 233-234KeywordsHypertensionSports and exercise medicine Issue Published: 1 August 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Need to Travel
Authors: KEVIN M. CAHILI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

Editorials1 February 1962The Need to TravelKEVIN M. CAHILI, M.D.KEVIN M. CAHILI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-2-354 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn our age such great usefulness redounds to the physician from his travels that noone puts much faith in the authority of a physician who has not set foot outside his native land, and although each may have at home in abundance those things which are necessary for medical instruction, nevertheless they ought to be strengthened or increased by a comparison with things abroad. There is a vast delight and pleasure in gazing upon foreign lands and fields, mountains and rivers, observing the benignity of nature's variety everywhere, the different conditions of the sick in homes and in hospitals with...References1. BARTHOLIN T: On the Burning of His Library and on Medical Travel, translated by O'Malley, C., University of Kansas Press, 1961, p. 50. Google Scholar2. GREGG A: Travel and Its Meaning, in For Future Doctors, University of Chicago Press, 1957, p. 149 ff. Google Scholar3. DENNIS C: Swedish sojourn. State Univ. N. Y. Downstate Med. Bull. 17: 7, 1961. Google Scholar4. OSLER W: Chauvinism in Medicine, in Aequanimitas and Other Addresses, Blakiston and Co., Philadelphia, 1904, p. 287. Google Scholar5. CAHILL K: A medical student's impression of India. New York J. Med. 60: 1295, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar6. SHETH U: International cooperation in postgraduate education. Brit. Med. J. 2: 328, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. COLLICK I: The American medical student at the "grass roots" of depressed cultures: a contribution to international understanding. J. Med. Educ. 36: 819, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1962Volume 56, Issue 2Page: 354-357KeywordsRivers Issue Published: 1 February 1962 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Ominous prognostic implications and inadequacy of heparin alone for right heart thrombi in patients with acute pulmonary embolism: analysis of baseline characteristics, echocardiograms, treatment, and clinical outcomes in the International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry
Authors: Adam Torbicki, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Nazzareno Galiè, Anna Covezzoli, Marisa De Rosa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)