tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment with interferon-alpha preferentially reduces the capacity for amplification of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM) from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia but spares normal CFU-GM.
Authors: M Y Gordon, S B Marley, J L Lewis, R J Davidson, D X Nguyen, F H Grand, T A Amos, J M Goldman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The biological target for interferon (IFN)-alpha in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is unknown, but one possibility is that amplification of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (CFU-GM) is reduced. Replating CFU-GM colonies and observing secondary colony formation provides a measure of CFU-GM amplification. Amplification of CML, but not normal, CFU-GM in vitro was significantly inhibited by IFN-alpha (P = 0.02). In 5 out of 15 CML cases studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization, in vitro treatment with IFN-alpha increased the proportion of CFU-GM, which lacked BCR-ABL. The ability of patients' CFU-GM to amplify, and suppression of this ability by IFN-alpha, predicted responsiveness to IFN-alpha therapy in 86% of cases. Investigation of patients on treatment with IFN-alpha showed a threefold reduction in CFU-GM amplification in responders (P = 0.03) but no significant change in nonresponders (P = 0.8). We conclude that IFN-alpha preferentially suppresses amplification of CML CFU-GM to varying degrees. The differing in vitro sensitivities to IFN-alpha and growth kinetics of individual patients' cells could help differentiate those who will or will not benefit from treatment with IFN-alpha.
THE CALORIGENIC EFFECTS OF SOME THYROXINE ANALOGS ON INTACT ANIMALS AND ON EXCISED TISSUES*
Authors: C. S. Pittman, S. B. Barker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

Recently thyroxine analogs have enjoyed great attention among workers interested in the modus operandi of the thyroid hormones on a molecular level.It is apparent that some of these com- pounds, while calorigenically inactive themselves, may serve as specific antagonists of thyroid hormones (1).Others are effective as therapeutic agents in bringing about changes in lipid metabolism in patients with idiopathic hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic heart disease (2, 3).At the moment, there are no less than five analogs of widely different structures advocated by various investigators as being the most effective agents to lower serum cholesterol: D-thyroxine (3, 4); 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyroformic acid (4, 5); 3,5,3'triiodothyropropionic acid (6); 3,5,3'-triiodothyroacetic acid (2); and 3,5-diiodothyroacetic acid (7).As these and other analogs are rapidly gaining considerable clinical usage, the metabolic study of these compounds has lagged behind.We still have much to learn of 1 ) the fate of some of these compounds in the animal body, 2) the factors other than side chain differences which may be re- sponsible for a lower calorigenic activity than the parent compounds, and 3) their effects on metabo- lism of the individual tissues.This report sum- marizes our results concerning the calorigenic ef- fect of some thyroxine analogs on the diaphragm, heart, kidney, and liver as compared to that on the animal basal metabolic rate. METHODSGeneral.Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150 to 250 g were fed on laboratory chow and housed in a constant
Nutrition: A Long Wait for a Little Advice
Authors: Daniel S. Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Nutrition: A Long Wait for a Little AdviceAnother round has recently been played here in the politics of nutrition. This is an obscure branch of the capital city's obsession with command of the federal purse and power. But since a lot of money and passion are connected to food, there's keen interest in what the government has to say on what's better or worse for the population to ingest. And from this interest comes the politics of nutrition, in which the participants are: pro-consumption farm lobbies, purity-espousing public-interest groups, crusading as well as humble scientists, best-selling cranks, and federal . . .
Dark Urine Related to Metronidazole Therapy
Authors: Thomas A. Bruce
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We had the opportunity to observe a patient with amebic dysentery who, while undergoing treatment with metronidazole (Flagyl), 750 mg by mouth three times a day, passed dark-brown urine. Dark urine persisted during the fiveday course of therapy and it promptly subsided on termination of the drug. The urine specimen gave a negative reaction when tested for bile and blood. The Physicians Desk Reference does not mention that instances of darkened urine have been reported with this drug. Although the pigment which is probably responsible for this phenomenon has not been positively identified, it is almost certainly a metabolite of metronidazole.<sup>1</sup>It seems certain that it is of no clinical significance. Metronidazole ingestion should be added to the list of causes responsible for the production of dark urine.
CHRONIC ARTICULAR RHEUMATISM AND ARTHRITIS DEFORMANS.
Authors: A. HOFFA
Journal: JAMA (1907)

I wish to present some researches on the subject of chronic articular rheumatism and arthritis deformans which I have been making for a number of years, with the cooperation of my assistant, Dr. Wollenberg. By some authors, especially surgeons, chronic articular rheumatism is distinctly separated from arthritis deformans; while another group, chiefly internists, refuse to accept this distinction. Take a concrete case, a woman of 35, affected with a chronic joint disease. The disease first involved symmetrically the joints of the fingers and toes. Slowly and without fever, the affection spread in paroxysmal attacks from the finger joints to the wrists, elbows, ankles and knees. At length the patient became entirely helpless; she was confined to an invalid chair or to her bed permanently. The disease was chronic from the beginning, no valvular affection arose and the patient did not react to salicylic acid. What position does this affection assume
Activated autologous dendritic cells injected intratumorally are able to overcome local and systemic immune suppression imposed by the tumor and its microenvironment
Authors: Vivek Subbiah, Omar Kayaleh, Ravi Murthy, David Hong, Siqing Fu, Aung Naing, Anthony Conley, Chitra Hosing, Indreshpal Kaur, Robert Prins, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Marnix Bosch
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Cancer vaccines aiming to induce anti-tumor immune responses are generally considered most effective in an environment with minimal residual disease, due to the immunosuppressive effects exerted by most cancers. We hypothesized that appropriately activated autologous dendritic
Gamma camera, 123I best for imaging thyroid nodule
Authors: W. Check
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lymphangioma of the oesophagus: a case report and review of the literature.
Authors: Y Yoshida, T Okamura, T Ezaki, K Yano, M Kodate, I Murata, M Kaido
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Lymphangioma of the oesophagus is exceedingly rare. Seven cases (including our present case) have been reported in the world and are reviewed.
Has Improvement in PTCA Intervention Affected Long-term Prognosis?
Authors: Katherine Detre, Wanlin Yeh, Sheryl Kelsey, David Williams, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, David Holmes, Martial Bourassa, Spencer King, David Faxon, Kenneth Kent
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The NHLBI Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) Registry followed 1345 consecutive patients with first PTCA between 1977 and 1981 (registry 1) and 2136 consecutive patients with PTCA between 1985 and 1986 (registry 2). Changes in patient selection and in immediate and 1-year outcome are presented. This report extends to 5 years the comparison of the effects of early and more recent management with PTCA. Methods and Results Sixteen participating centers entered consecutive patients who had angioplasty for the first time between 1977 and 1981 and between 1985 and 1986. Patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI) were excluded. Vessel disease was defined according to the Coronary Artery Surgery Study. Successful dilatation required ≥20% reduction in luminal narrowing and &lt;50% lumen diameter stenosis after intervention. Routine annual follow-up was conducted by telephone interview. The product-limit method was used to estimate freedom from untoward events, Cox regression analysis to model relative risk and adjusted relative risk of events between the two registries, and logistic regression when the exact time of outcome (such as recurrence of symptoms) was not known. Long-term event rates were computed by vessel disease for all patients and for the cohort of patients with initially successful PTCA. After adjustment for extent of disease, diabetes, prior bypass surgery (CABG), hypertension, age, and sex, the 5-year risk of death was similar in the two registry cohorts. However, rates of MI, CABG, and a combined outcome measure of death, MI, and/or CABG were significantly lower in the registry 2 cohort both for all patients and for patients who were initially treated successfully. Use of repeated PTCA was higher, and freedom from symptoms without adverse events was significantly better in the latter cohort. Conclusions Compared with registry 1, the management of the registry 2 cohort resulted in lower 5-year morbid event rates and reduced CABG operations. Mortality rates remained similar. When symptomatic status was considered in combination with events, a significantly better outcome was seen overall and in the initially successful cohort. In registry 2, repeated PTCA was used with much greater frequency early after the initial procedure.
Abstract 4669: Prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus infection in different cervical cytological features among health examination of women in National Cancer Institute, Thailand
Authors: Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Piyawat Laowahutanont, Anant Kalalak, Paphawin Jamsri
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract High-risk (HR) human paillomavirus (HPV) testing is important in cervical cancer screening for triage colposcopy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV HR infection in different cytological features among health examination women. DNA was extracted from 2896 residual liquid-based cytology specimens collected during routine liquid-based Papanicolaou tests at National Cancer Institute. Overall, HPV HR prevalence was 9.3% including 1.6% of HPV-16 and 0.4% of HPV-18. HPV prevalent was highest in women younger than 35 years of age, decreasing in women of older age. Among women with normal cytology, HPV HR positive were found in 6.7%. In abnormal cytology, HPV HR were found in 46.7% atypical squamous cells (ASC), 54.8% were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and 80.0% were high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). HPV-16 were detected in 8.6%, 6.5% and 12.0% of ASC, LSIL and HSIL, respectively.The results of this study provide baseline information on the HPV type distribution, which may useful for clinicians to decide who should be monitored or treated more aggressively. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Piyawat Laowahutanont, Anant Kalalak, Paphawin Jamsri. Prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus infection in different cervical cytological features among health examination of women in National Cancer Institute, Thailand. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4669. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4669
BEHAVIOUR OF e ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODY DURING CHRONIC ACTIVE LIVER DISEASE RELATION TO HB ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY SYSTEM AND PROGNOSIS
Authors: A.J.M Vogten, W.H.J Summerskill, G.L Gitnick, S.W Schalm, J.L Smith, B.L Murphy, J.E Maynard
Journal: The Lancet (1976)
Chronic portal systemic encephalopathy: update 1987.
Authors: S Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1987)

Progress reportChronic portal systemic encephalopathy: update 1987Neurospsychiatric dysfunction is a complication of cirrhosis.Treatment is by a largely vegetarian diet with limited animal protein and with lactulose, or preferably lactilol.Branched chain amino acids are not indicated to treat chronic hepatic encephalopathy.Acute episodes in the course of chronic portal systemic encephalopathy indicate a search for a precipitant, dietary protein withdrawal, enemas, lactulose and a short course of oral neomycin.Benzodiazepine antagonists are under study. AetiologyIn a cirrhotic patient the brain may be intoxicated by substances of gut origin and derived from the action of bacteria, largely colonic, on dietary protein (portal systemic encephalopathy).The toxic metabolites reach the brain either through portal systemic venous channels or by failure of removal by the diseased liver.'2Despite decades of research endeavour, the nature of the toxic, gut derived, substances defies identification.Ammonia is often incriminated.Recently, after studies on a rat model of fulminant hepatitis, gama-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter present in 30-50% of all cerebral synapses, has been invoked as responsible for the features of hepatic encephalopathy.3It is produced by bacterial action in the gut and concentrations are increased in the blood of patients with hepatic encephalopathy.There are, however, certain difficulties in accepting this hypothesis.4The methodology for measuring serum GABA is suspect as other substances, including glutamine, may also be estimated.Serum GABA concentrations do not correlate well with the grade of encephalopathy as seen in man.Gamma-aminobutyric acid may not pass the human blood brain barrier into the cerebrospinal fluid.Finally, there are obvious difficulties in equating a rabbit model with man.An increased number of binding sites for GABA can be shown in the brains of the rat model of fulminant hepatitis, although this is not consistent.An increased number of binding sites for benzodiazepines and barbiturates is also found.This could account for the increased sensitivity of patients with cirrhosis to benzodiazepines and barbiturates.Gamma-aminobutyric acid and benzodiazepines share the same terminals promoting chloride conductance across the postsynaptic neural membrane so increasing membrane depolarisation and inhibiting postsynaptic potential.Benzodiazepine antagonists have therefore been suggested for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.While interacting with binding sites for benzodiazepines on the GAB-receptor complex, they might be expected to modulate GABA-ergic neurotransmission.Intravenous administration of 1043
Magazines to Leaf Through While Waiting Ought Not to Contain Any (Tobacco) Leaves
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

NO GIRL WAS ever ruined by a book, the old saw has it, but advertisements in magazines may be a different story. With the health of their girl and boy, and men and women, patients in mind, members of the American Medical Association House of Delegates recently approved a resolution aimed at keeping reading matter containing cigarette ads out of physicians' reception rooms. The adopted policy, as stated in substitute resolution 13, reads as follows: "Resolved, That the American Medical Association annually, via<i>JAMA</i>and other appropriate publications, publish a list of those magazines that have voluntarily chosen to decline cigarette ads; and encourage physicians to substitute magazines without cigarette ads for those with cigarette ads in their office waiting room." The idea is not totally new. Ten years ago, the AMA's House of Delegates approved a resolution commending the 47 magazines then published in the United States that refused
Occupational rhinitis and asthma caused by inhalation of <i>Balfourodendron riedelianum</i> (Pau Marfim) wood dust
Authors: A. Basomba, E. Burches, A. Almodovar, D. Hernandez, F. de Rojas
Journal: Allergy (1991)

The case of a 30‐year‐old wood‐worker, with rhinitís and asthma induced by exposure to the dust of Pau Marfim wood ( Balfourodendron riedelianum ) is reported. Hypersensitivity to this wood was confirmed by positive skin test, bronchial challenge test and RAST. The bronchial response was inhibited by sodium cromoglycate. Unexposed persons did not exhibit reactivity to this wood in any of the tests. When electrophoretic analysis of proteins in polyacrylamide gel was applied to a crude (phosphate‐buffered) extract, an homogeneous distribution of low MW material was detected, with no clearly defined bands, suggesting the presence of filamentous type proteins. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first reported case of occupational rhinitis and asthma due to Pau Marfim wood dust. A type I (IgE‐mediated) hypersensitivity mechanism was demonstrated but the non‐glomerular nature of the proteins precluded further identification of the antigens involved.
Blood Loss and Shock
Authors: A D Redmond
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ed Niels Secher, James Pawelczyk, John Ludbrook Edward Arnold, £50, pp 187 ISBN 0-340-56021-5

I began reading this book while travelling to Sarajevo. The chapters are short, concise, and easily read in the many stops and starts that punctuate an attempt to enter this still beleagured city. The book is written to be read over again, and the sequence of chapters and useful re-explanation and development of concepts make it easy to sweep through it several times and linger on those aspects of most interest or difficulty.

The chapter by Kirkman and Little I found particularly stimulating, and I recommend it …
Racial Disparities — The Need for Research and Action
Authors: Risa Lavizzo-Mourey, James R. Knickman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

The Healthy People 2010 initiative has made the reduction of racial disparities a central national health priority,1 but the achievement of this objective requires evidence-based action. The article by Skinner and colleagues in this issue of the Journal 2 expands our understanding of the factors underlying observed differences in the rate of health care utilization among racial subgroups of the U.S. population. This research confirms the findings from the recent report by the Institute of Medicine, entitled Unequal Treatment, 3 not only that racial and ethnic disparities exist, but that the root causes of these disparities in the health care sector are . . .
Analgesic Nephropathy. Clinical Course after Withdrawal of Phenacetin
Authors: D. Bell, D. N. S. Kerr, J. Swinney, W. K. Yeates
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Of 14 patients with analgesic nephropathy 11 were followed up for 9 to 88 (mean 36) months after withdrawal of analgesics containing phenacetin. Ten of these 11 are still alive and have improving, static, or very slowly declining renal function. Analgesic withdrawal is therefore worth achieving even in the presence of advanced renal failure. Careful prolonged follow-up is required to prevent or detect relapse and to deal with the complications of prolonged renal failure, particularly bone disease and acidosis. Early diagnosis is life-saving in this condition. Attention is drawn to the diagnostic value of sterile pyuria, but the best screening test for the condition is careful interrogation of all patients with chronic renal disease of unknown aetiology; analgesic intake is rarely denied if asked for specifically.
Regulatory Allospecific T Cell Clones Abrogate Chronic Allograft Rejection
Authors: Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser, Martin R. Grimm, Jens Lutz, Volkmar Lange, Susanne M. Lenhard, Beatriz Aviles, Joana E. Kist-van Holthe, Tatiana Lebedeva, Dimitry Samsonov, Detlef Meyer, Wayne W. Hancock, Uwe Heemann, Martin Gasser, Anil Chandraker
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2009)

True alloantigen-specific tolerance is the ultimate goal of solid organ transplantation, eliminating the need for long-term immunosuppression. Recent evidence suggests that Th1-derived cytokines are associated with rejection and Th2-derived cytokines with long-term allograft survival, but the roles of these subsets in rejection and tolerance are incompletely understood. Here, we analyzed the functional and regulatory capacities of T cell clones derived from tolerant and rejecting rats (Wistar rat donors, Lewis rat recipients). We generated and subcloned T cell lines from lymphocytes derived from either acutely rejecting grafts or from the grafts of CTLA4-Ig-treated tolerant rats. Pretransplantation adoptive transfer of T cell clones generated from rejected grafts (Th1 clones) accelerated acute rejection or promoted development of chronic rejection, whereas transfer of T cell clones generated from tolerized grafts (Th2 clones) protected rats from acute rejection and progressive organ dysfunction. When Th1 and Th2 clones were injected simultaneously, Th2 clones specifically regulated activation of Th1 clones. Rats that received injections of Th2 clones accepted long-term donor-specific skin grafts but acutely rejected third-party skin grafts. Tolerant rats treated with Th2 clones demonstrated an increased number of regulatory CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells and strong mononuclear cell staining for IL-10 but negligible IFN-gamma, IL-17, and IL-23 compared with untreated rats or those treated with Th1 clones. In summary, these results demonstrate the regulatory functions of Th2 cells in a clinically relevant allogeneic transplant model and provide new insight into the functional role of Th2 cells in preventing the process of chronic rejection.