tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of 1733insC mutations in an Asian family with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome
Authors: H. Kawasaki, D. Sawamura, H. Nakazawa, N. Hattori, M. Goto, K.C. Sato-Matsumura, M. Akiyama, H. Shimizu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by skin tumours, including multiple fibrofolliculomas, trichodiscomas and acrochordons. BHD patients also may suffer from associated renal and colonic carcinomas. The defective gene in BHD has been recently identified and is suspected of being a tumour suppressor gene. Several mutations of the BHD gene have been reported only in Caucasian patients.This study reports the first Asian family that has been demonstrated to carry a BHD mutation.The proband was a 26-year-old Japanese man with multiple asymptomatic, soft skin-coloured papules on his face, neck and trunk, which were clinically thought to be acrochordon. His father was also affected. Histopathologically, the papules revealed a fibrofolliculoma that had a circumscribed proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen fibres surrounding an abnormal hair follicle.Mutational analysis of the BHD gene of the proband and the father detected 1733insC, a cytosine insertion mutation in an eight-cytosine tract (nucleotides 1733-1740) in exon 11. Analysis of fibrofolliculoma in the proband showed heterozygous 1733insC mutation, suggesting the absence of loss of heterozygosity. Interestingly, previous mutational analysis in Caucasian patients revealed that both1733insC and 1733delC mutations were hot spots.This study is the first to find the same hot-spot 1733insC mutation in Asian kindred. The mutations in this polycytosine tract may have a wide, global distribution despite their arising from a different ethnic background.
Incidental Detection of Colonic Inflammation on PET/CT Using 18F-FDG–Labeled Autologous Leukocytes
Authors: Anish Bhattacharya, Rakesh Kochhar, Abdul Khaliq, Sarika Sharma, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Labeled leukocyte scintigraphy and (18)F-FDG PET are well-documented techniques for the assessment of inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, a 28-year-old man with abdominal pain, vomiting, and raised serum amylase and lipase levels underwent PET/CT imaging using FDG-labeled autologous leukocytes to assess for pancreatic infection. While the pancreas showed no abnormal tracer uptake, colonic inflammation was incidentally detected, and a diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis was subsequently confirmed on colonoscopy and biopsy.
A randomized double-blind trial of intravenous immunoglobulin for pemphigus
Authors: Masayuki Amagai, Shigaku Ikeda, Hiroshi Shimizu, Hajime Iizuka, Katsumi Hanada, Setsuya Aiba, Fumio Kaneko, Seiichi Izaki, Kunihiko Tamaki, Zenro Ikezawa, Masahiro Takigawa, Mariko Seishima, Toshihiro Tanaka, Yoshiki Miyachi, Ichiro Katayama, Yuji Horiguchi, Sachiko Miyagawa, Fukumi Furukawa, Keiji Iwatsuki, Michihiro Hide, Yoshiki Tokura, Masutaka Furue, Takashi Hashimoto, Hironobu Ihn, Sakuhei Fujiwara, Takeji Nishikawa, Hideoki Ogawa, Yasuo Kitajima, Koji Hashimoto
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
ANEMIA AS A COMPLICATION OF PROCLORPERAZINE THERAPY
Authors: AMES FISCHER, NORMAN S. GOTTREICH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1960)

1. A case is presented of anemia attributable to proclorperazine, without leukopenia or other abnormality of the peripheral blood. 2. The patient subsequently received courses of triflupromazine and trifluoperazine without complications.
Community based teams can transform mental health services, says report
Authors: Debashis Singh
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Community based mental health teams are having far reaching effects on mental health services across the country, a new report says. But it warns that the teams need to be set up over a realistic period of time and be adequately resourced.

The report is the result of a two year study by the charity the Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health and the National Institute for Mental Health in England. It is a guide to establishing assertive outreach teams and crisis resolution teams based on the lessons learnt from new and existing …
Two groups were different in cardiovascular risk study
Authors: M. S Parmar
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Dunder et al compared two different groups and concluded that the incidence of myocardial infarction was significantly higher in the group receiving antihypertensive treatment.1

Table 1 shows two heterogeneous groups —the group with hypertension (having treatment) had higher blood glucose concentrations, body mass index, and proinsulin values (implying insulin resistance) than the other group, which had normal blood …
Colonoscopy in surgical practice.
Authors: D C Britton, D Tregoning, G Bone, S T McKelvey
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Colonoscopy is a rewarding new technique with a potential for early and more accurate diagnosis. One hundred and seventy colonoscopies carried out over the past three years showed or confirmed colonic cancer in 14 patients, and solitary or multiple colonic polyps were found in 28 cases, of which 18 were excised endoscopically. A large villous adenoma was diagnosed in one patient, and the absence of a suspected sinister lesion was shown by direct examination and biopsy in 110 cases. There were 17 examination failures, including two perforations of the bowel. Colonoscopy complements rather than supplants barium enema examination and will make diagnostic laparotomy for colonic lesions unnecessary. The use of the diathermy snare allows endoscopic removal of colonic polyps and should greatly reduce the need for formal surgery in these cases. The financial saving to the Health Service will greatly outweigh the expense of the procedure, but it should be undertaken only in well organised centres as a specialist service for selected patients. In skilled hands it is safe, but potential hazards exist for the inexperienced endoscopist.
Recurrent virus meningitis.
Authors: E Klemola
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Classification).There were 27 spontaneous deliveries, 8 forceps deliveries, and 9 caes- arean sections.In brief, there was a sharp fall in C.V.P. on delivery of the child in every case.During the third stage of labour the C.V.P. ranged from -2 to + 9 cm.H20 (zero level was the sternal angle).Each pa- tient received ergometrine 0-25 mg. or 0-5 mg.intravenously, sometimes before and sometimes after placental separation.Placental separation and the injection of ergometrine produced small and transient rises in C.V.P. (never more than 3 cm.H20 and never lasting for more than 4 minutes).Blood loss was measured at these deliveries and was of the anticipated magnitude.1 2 It is believed that the direct effects of ergo- metrine on the veins were to a variable extent cancelled out by the effects of haemorrhage.
Margaret Wylie Martin (nee Thomas)
Authors: R Martin
Journal: BMJ (2003)

World Health Organization official who raised the alarm over severe acute respiratory syndrome Infectious diseases expert Dr Carlo Urbani died from sudden acute respiratory syndrome just weeks after he had helped to identify it and alert the world to its dangers.Urbani, who was a World Health Organization public health specialist in charge of malaria and other parasitic diseases, based in Hanoi, Vietnam, first came across the syndrome in a Chinese-American businessman.The businessman, who had arrived in Hanoi on 23 February, was admitted to the French hospital in the Vietnamese capital on 26 February with a suspected case of bird flu.But when his condition worsened, the hospital called WHO on 28 February and Urbani went over to examine him.Two days later, not only had the businessman's condition worsened, but several members of the hospital staff had developed similar symptoms: a dry cough, difficulty breathing, and a fever.On 3 and 4 March, Urbani told the hospital to isolate all patients and staff with these symptoms to prevent spread of the disease.The hospital was closed to the public, with guards posted outside, while staff inside started to wear masks and other protective clothing."When people became concerned in the hospital, he was there every day, collecting samples, talking to the staff, and strengthening infection control procedures," said Pascale Brudon, who heads the WHO regional office in Hanoi."On Wednesday 5 March he said it was something very strange.We knew about influenza, but this was something different," said Brudon.The disease had been circulating in China's Guangdong province since November 2002 and reached Hong Kong, where the businessman was believed to have been infected by a Guangdong doctor with whom he shared a hotel floor.But at the end of February it was still not clear that this was a new disease, nor had the extent of the outbreak come to light.Despite fewer cases and deaths, the Hanoi outbreak was the first signal to the outside world that something was wrong.It took less than a week for Urbani to realise that there was something strange and to implement infection controls.
New Perspectives in Anti-Inflammatory Therapies
Authors: S Rudge
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) refers to the presence of gas within the wall of the small or large intestine. The pathophysiology is incompletely understood and is probably multifactorial in nature. PCI is a known but rare complication of systemic scleroderma, and the aetiology of PCI in patients with scleroderma is not fully understood. We present the case of a patient who was referred to gastroenterology clinic by her general practitioner for investigation of 8 months of weight loss, urgency, diarrhoea, bloating and crampy abdominal pain. Extensive investigations were performed to exclude infective, inflammatory or malignant aetiologies for these symptoms. She was diagnosed with PCI on her colonoscopy and was subsequently screened for secondary causes. Our patient was diagnosed with the limited cutaneous (CREST) variant of systemic scleroderma. This case report illustrates that PCI could be an uncommon presentation of systemic sclerosis, therefore clinicians should be aware of the association between these conditions.
Pentaerythritol tetranicotinate (niceritrol) decreases plasma lipoprotein(a) levels
Authors: Kouichi Tanaka, Kozo Hayashi, Tetsuji Shingu, Yoshio Kuga, Yoshifumi Okura, Yuji Yasunobu, Harumi Ohtani, Shuichi Nomura, Hitoshi Kurushima, Masayumi Saeki, Masayuki Kambe, Goro Kajiyama
Journal: Metabolism (1997)
Narrative Review: Hepatobiliary Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Keith G. Tolman, Vivian Fonseca, Meng H. Tan, Anthony Dalpiaz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Diabetes mellitus is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States; 17 million people are affected. Liver disease is one of the leading causes of death in persons with type 2 diabetes. The standardized mortality rate for death from liver disease is greater than that for cardiovascular disease. The spectrum of liver disease in type 2 diabetes ranges from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The incidence of hepatitis C and acute liver failure is also increased. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is now considered part of the metabolic syndrome, and, with alcohol and hepatitis C, is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the United States. Weight reduction and exercise are the mainstays of treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but there are promising results with the new thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone and rosiglitazone) as well as metformin and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A inhibitors.
Mass screening: theory and ethics.
Authors: D Mant, G Fowler
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Costs of screening Costs to the patients * Economic loss (lost work, increased insurance premiums) * False reassurance to some patients * Unnecessary anxiety and further investigation for some patients * Psychological harm Costs to the practice * Time and resource cost of test * Time and resource cost of follow up Costs to the NHS * Reimbursements to practice from family practitioner committee * Prescribing costs * Increased use of hospital facilities. 0-Low threshold 0 Moderate threshold a-High threshold
An immunohistochemical study of developing glomeruli in human fetal kidneys, See Editorial by Oliver and Al-Awqati, p. 2167
Authors: Keishi Naruse, Mikiya Fujieda, Eriko Miyazaki, Yoshihiro Hayashi, Makoto Toi, Takayuki Fukui, Naoto Kuroda, Makoto Hiroi, Takanobu Kurashige, Hideaki Enzan
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
Serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels in patients with psoriasis
Authors: M. SEISHIMA, M. SEISHIMA, S. MORI, A. NOMA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Although there have been extensive studies of serum lipid levels in psoriasis, the data are conflicting. In the present study, 38 male psoriatic patients and 40 age-matched male control subjects were studied. In addition, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 28 patients and 28 age-matched control subjects, in order to exclude subjects with abnormal OGTT values from the study. Twenty-two patients and 26 control subjects had normal OGTT values. There was a tendency for psoriatic patients with normal glucose tolerance to have increased triglyceride levels, but this was not statistically significant. Total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in patients were normal. However, serum apo B (P<0.005), C-II (P <0.005) and C-III (P <0.005) levels in patients were significantly elevated compared with control subjects. When control subjects and patients with abnormal OGTT values were also included, a significant increase in triglyceride and apo E levels, and a significant decrease in the apo A-I level were observed in psoriatic patients. These findings suggest that psoriasis per se is associated with increases in apo B, C-II and C-III levels, but that this does not profoundly affect lipid levels. The abnormal lipoprotein metabolism may be related to the high incidence of atherosclerosis in psoriasis.
Molecular Profiling Improves Diagnoses of Rejection and Infection in Transplanted Organs
Authors: Andrey Morgun, Natalia Shulzhenko, Ainhoa Perez-Diez, Rosiane V.Z. Diniz, Gerdine F. Sanson, Dirceu R. Almeida, Polly Matzinger, Maria Gerbase-DeLima
Journal: Circulation Research (2006)

The monitoring of transplanted hearts is currently based on histological evaluation of endomyocardial biopsies, a method that is fairly insensitive and that does not always accurately discriminate between rejection and infection in the heart. Accurate diagnosis of rejection and infection is absolutely crucial, however, as the respective treatments are completely different. Using microarrays, we analyzed gene expression in 76 cardiac biopsies from 40 heart recipients undergoing rejection, no rejection, or Trypanosoma cruzi infection. We found a set of genes whose expression patterns were typical of acute rejection, and another set of genes that discriminated between rejection and T cruzi infection. These sets revealed acute rejection episodes up to 2 weeks earlier, and trypanosome infection up to 2 months earlier than did histological evaluation. When applied to raw data from other institutions, the 2 sets of predictive genes were also able to accurately pinpoint acute rejection of lung and kidney transplants, as well as bacterial infections in kidneys. In addition to their usefulness as diagnostic tools, the data suggest that there are similarities in the biology of the processes involved in rejection of different grafts and also in the tissue responses to pathogens as diverse as bacteria and protozoa.
Commissioning will cost 1.3bn less every year under GP consortiums, says Lansley
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The biggest overhaul of the NHS in its history has been labelled a huge gamble by critics, but the government says the reforms were a necessity and will save more than £5bn (€5.9bn; $7.9bn) over the next three years.

The Health and Social Care Bill went before parliament on 19 January and transforms the NHS in England. By April 2013 GP led commissioning consortiums will have control of 80% of the total health budget and be responsible for buying in patient care. They will be overseen by a new independent NHS Commissioning Board, which will be headed by David Nicholson, the current NHS chief executive.

Health secretary Andrew Lansley said: “Modernising the NHS is a necessity, not an option—in order to meet rising need in the future, we need to make changes.” He said he was shifting responsibility away from the centre and ensuring decisions and accountability moved closer to the patient.

Other measures included in the 570 page bill are:

The impact assessment issued alongside the bill …
TCT-372 "Full metal jacket" (stented length &gt; or = 50 mm) using drug-eluting stents for chronic total occlusive lesions.
Authors: Shinsuke Mori, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Motoharu Araki, Tamon Kato, Norihiro Kobayashi, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Takuro Takama, Hiroya Takafuji, Takahiro Tokuda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Alexander (“Sandy”) Gordon Elder
Authors: Ewan B Macdonald, Ian S Symington, Richard Soutar
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Alexander Gordon Elder (“Sandy”) was an outstanding NHS based occupational physician who personally helped many health care workers and contributed to the development of comprehensive services to the NHS and industry in central Scotland. 

As a schoolboy he was always bright academically, and he was envied by his contemporaries at the University of Dundee for his ability to know precisely how much revision was needed to pass examinations. Well rounded with wide interests, he was a natural at sports, including rugby, cricket, tennis, golf, and squash and remained competitive all his life. Sports were kept up even when he was quite unwell, and in his last game at his golf club, when his exercise tolerance had reduced him to a putting competition, he was all square at the 17th and won with a magnificent 60 foot putt! 

He loved the mountains, had climbed many of the Munros, …
Short term mortality in patients selected for coronary artery bypass surgery: A case-control study
Authors: Maarten J. Suttorp, J.Herre Kingma, Egbert M. Kocmen, Jo A.M. Defauw, Jeroen Vos, Jan G.P. Tijssen, Sjef M.P.G. Ernst, Carl A.P.L. Ascoop
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Eradication of H. pylori after endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer reduced risk for metachronous gastric cancer
Authors: Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Source Citation Fukase K, Kato M, Kikuchi S, et al. Effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on incidence of metachronous gastric carcinoma after endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer: an open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:392-7. 18675689
82 ABLATION OF HISTIDINE TRIAD NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN-1 (HINT1) INCREASES SENSITIVITY TO HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: J. Martin, A.-C. Piguet, M. Ledermann, B. Saar, L. Wilkens, G. Ferrand, H. Li, I.B. Weinstein, J.-F. Dufour
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Cardiac 18F-FDG PET/CT With Heparin Detects Infective Vegetation in a Patient With Mechanical Valve Replacement
Authors: Alisa Klaipetch, Osamu Manabe, Noriko Oyama-Manabe, Satoru Chiba, Masanao Naya, Shiro Yamada, Kenji Hirata, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Nagara Tamaki
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We report the usefulness of F-FDG PET/CT for the detection and therapy evaluation of the infective vegetation. A 64-year-old man with history of aortic valve replacement presented with 2 months of fever without identifiable cause. Echocardiogram showed no inflammation vegetation or abnormality of mechanical valve function. FDG PET/CT with 50 IU/kg IV heparin revealed focal uptakes near the mechanical aortic valve. After antibiotics therapy, fever was ameliorated, and FDG PET/CT findings showed markedly decreased uptake of the lesions. FDG PET/CT is a powerful tool to detect endocarditis even in patients with no anatomical abnormalities.
Is endobronchial ultrasound additive to routine bronchoscopy in diagnosing sarcoidosis?
Authors: M. P. Kennedy, C. A. Jimenez, R. C. Morice, G. A. Eapen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

extra-pulmonary effects of the disease.In their recently published work [1], it was shown that cigarette smoke condensate can induce mitochondrial dysfunction in an in vitro model.This makes it more tempting to embrace their hypothesis.Nevertheless, one should be cautious in transferring in vitro results to the real situation in patients.We should bear in mind that muscle dysfunction, as one of the so-called systemic effects of COPD, is a complex phenomenon caused by multiple factors, such as oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, muscle disuse and hypoxaemia, among others.Our report on mitochondrial dysfunction at the peripheral muscle level in patients with COPD and low body mass index (and significantly reduced fat-free mass index) [2] should be added to the list of pathological findings at the muscle level in these patients.With regard to the smoking status, there were no differences among the three subpopulations included in our study.None of the subjects smoked at the time of their inclusion in the study.Unfortunately, we do not have data on the accumulative smoking history in this population, which may have helped to shed light on this issue.It should be added that, although causality cannot be established, the significant association between acceptor control ratio and arterial oxygen tension may indicate an abnormal mitochondrial adaptation to long-term repeated episodes of cell hypoxia.D-J.Slebos and co-workers were also interested in mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate production in our population.Although we did not specifically assess the rate of adenosine triphosphate production, the lower State 3 of respiration in energised mitochondria by succinate in the subpopulation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with low body mass index reflects a lower oxidative phosphorylation in this subset of patients.
Health in Africa: It's time for good guidelines on health financing practice
Authors: Douglas E Ball
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Time to wake up to cancer's tollEditor-As exemplified by your theme issue on Africa of 1 October, cancer has remained comparatively neglected in Africa although increasingly prevalent: 70% of people with cancer live in the economically developing world, where by 2020 the annual death toll is predicted to reach 20 million. 1 In sub-Saharan Africa measures to prevent cancer emphasised in the developed world-such as smoking cessation and screening-are not nationally adopted.One third of African cancers are preventable, but the influence of tobacco companies with mass media advertising and high crop payments is real.Traditional cancers, such as gastric and hepatocellular carcinoma, and newer cancers, such as lung cancer, breast cancer, and AIDS related Kaposi's sarcoma, are increasing in incidence. 2 3 Patients' expectations for oncological treatment are low in Africa.Lack of money, or a concern not to place their family in debt, prevents many from seeking medical help. 4 Lack of awareness of predisposing factors, warning symptoms or signs of cancer, or treatment options mean that patients present late.Cost and difficulty of travel over rough terrain also discourage service use.After diagnosis patients may tend to look for peace of mind and spiritual comfort rather than a physical cure.In Africa disease modifying cancer treatment and basic control of symptoms are largely absent.Even when analgesia is available, patients with cancer may experience severe and inadequately managed pain, as health professionals underprescribe strong analgesics, fearing drug dependency. 5 Individual sub-Saharan countries cannot tackle the challenges of cancer in isolation.A new, cooperative approach and research base are being advocated for preventing, treating, and palliating cancer to bridge the gap between developed and developing nations.