tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Understanding selective trafficking of lymphocyte subsets
Authors: M Heydtmann
Journal: Gut (2002)

Bonzo/CXCR6 may be important in trafficking effector T cells making it a potential target for therapeutic modulation of inflammatory diseases Cytokines produced by T (helper) cells are of critical importance in determining the outcome of many infectious and immune mediated diseases. The ability of the immune system to produce the appropriate set of cytokines in response to an infection and then to regulate that response as the infecting agent is cleared determines whether the response is successful and whether long term inflammatory damage persists. A crucial insight into how cytokines coordinate immune responses was provided by the characterisation of T cells into functional subsets1: type 1 T cells, which are driven by interleukin 12, and dominated by interferon γ (IFN-γ) secretion and cell mediated immunity; and type 2 T cells, which are associated with interleukin 4 production and humoral immunity. Originally established on the basis of different cytokines produced by T helper (Th) cell clones, it is now clear that this concept defines distinct immune pathways that affect most, if not all, cells of the immune system and hence the nomenclature T1 and T2 is more accurate. Kim CH, Kunkel EJ, Boisvert J , et al . Bonzo/CXCR6 expression defines type 1-polarized T-cell subsets with extralymphoid tissue homing potential. J Clin Invest2001;107:595–601. [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Abstract : Chemokine receptor expression is finely controlled during T-cell development. We show that newly identified chemokine receptor Bonzo/CXCR6 is expressed by subsets of Th1 or T-cytotoxic 1 (Tc1) cells, but not by Th2 or Tc2 cells, establishing Bonzo as a differential marker of polarized type 1 T cells in vitro and in vivo. Priming of naive T cells by dendritic cells induces expression of Bonzo on T cells. IL-12 enhances this dendritic cell-dependent upregulation, while IL-4 inhibits it. In … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2BClinical%2BInvestigation%26rft.stitle%253DJCI%26rft.issn%253D0021-9738%26rft.aulast%253DKim%26rft.auinit1%253DC.%2BH.%26rft.volume%253D107%26rft.issue%253D5%26rft.spage%253D595%26rft.epage%253D601%26rft.atitle%253DBonzo%252FCXCR6%2Bexpression%2Bdefines%2Btype%2B1-polarized%2BT-cell%2Bsubsets%2Bwith%2Bextralymphoid%2Btissue%2Bhoming%2Bpotential%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1172%252FJCI11902%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F11238560%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1172/JCI11902&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=11238560&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F50%2F2%2F150.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000167337800009&link_type=ISI
Hospital Readmission as a Quality Measure in Surgery
Authors: Justin B. Dimick, Amir A. Ghaferi
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electrophysiologic abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A consecutive analysis in 155 patients.
Authors: L Fananapazir, C M Tracy, M B Leon, J B Winkler, R O Cannon, R O Bonow, B J Maron, S E Epstein
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Electrophysiologic studies (EPS) were performed in 155 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Indications for EPS were cardiac arrest in 22 patients, syncope in 55 patients, presyncope in 37 patients, asymptomatic ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 24 patients, palpitations in 10 patients, and a strong family history of sudden cardiac death in seven patients. Thirty-five (23%) patients had significant resting left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Electrophysiologic abnormalities were present in 126 (81%) patients. A high prevalence of abnormal sinus-node function (66%) and His-Purkinje (HV) conduction (30%) was noted. The most commonly induced supraventricular arrhythmias were atrial reentrant tachycardia and atrial fibrillation (10% and 11% of patients, respectively). Accessory atrioventricular pathways were present in seven (5%) patients. Programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) induced nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in 22 (14%) patients and sustained ventricular arrhythmia in 66 (43%) patients. Sustained ventricular arrhythmia was polymorphic VT in 48 (73%) patients, monomorphic VT in 16 (24%) patients, and ventricular fibrillation in two (3%) patients. Induction was with two premature stimuli in 19 (29%) patients and three premature stimuli in 47 (71%) patients. Of 17 cardiac arrest survivors with sustained ventricular arrhythmia, 16 (94%) patients required three premature stimuli for arrhythmia induction. Sustained ventricular arrhythmia was induced at a right ventricular site in 51 (77%) patients and at a left ventricular site in 15 (23%) patients. Univariate analysis showed a significant (p less than 0.05) association between inducibility of sustained ventricular arrhythmia and VT on Holter in patients with a history of cardiac arrest or syncope but not in patients with presyncope or asymptomatic patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the following were significantly associated with inducibility of sustained ventricular arrhythmia: clinical presentation (cardiac arrest more than syncope more than presyncope more than asymptomatic patients, p = 0.0002; chronic or inducible atrial fibrillation, p = 0.002; and male gender, p = 0.04). In contrast, there was no clinical correlate of induced nonsustained VT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Latest reorganisation of primary care trusts could create planning blight
Authors: Andrew Cole
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Doctors' leaders are concerned that the latest shake-up of primary care trusts in England could create a planning blight that will delay practice based commissioning still further.

The latest reconfiguration, announced last week, will halve the number of primary care trusts in England, from 303 to 152. The largest trust will now serve a population of 1.25 million. Under the old structure the biggest catchment area was 370 000.

The health secretary for England and Wales, Patricia Hewitt, said that the new trusts would have greater purchasing power than their predecessors and would save £250m (€370m; $470m) a year through …
PPAR-alpha dependent regulation of vanin-1 mediates hepatic lipid metabolism
Authors: Janna A. van Diepen, Patrick A. Jansen, Dov B. Ballak, Anneke Hijmans, Guido J. Hooiveld, Samuel Rommelaere, Franck Galland, Philippe Naquet, Floris P.J.T. Rutjes, Ronald P. Mensink, Patrick Schrauwen, Cees J. Tack, Mihai G. Netea, Sander Kersten, Joost Schalkwijk, Rinke Stienstra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin directly targets mitochondria and induces Bax-independent apoptosis of human neutrophils
Authors: Anne-Laure Genestier, Marie-Cécile Michallet, Gilles Prévost, Gregory Bellot, Lara Chalabreysse, Simone Peyrol, Françoise Thivolet, Jerome Etienne, Gérard Lina, François M. Vallette, François Vandenesch, Laurent Genestier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin secreted by Staphylococcus aureus that has recently been associated with necrotizing pneumonia. In the present study, we report that in vitro, PVL induces polymorphonuclear cell death by necrosis or by apoptosis, depending on the PVL concentration. PVL-induced apoptosis was associated with a rapid disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, suggesting that PVL-induced apoptosis is preferentially mediated by the mitochondrial pathway. Polymorphonuclear cell exposure to PVL leads to mitochondrial localization of the toxin, whereas Bax, 1 of the 2 essential proapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, was still localized in the cytosol. Addition of PVL to isolated mitochondria induced the release of the apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO. Therefore, we suggest that PVL, which belongs to the pore-forming toxin family, could act at the mitochondrion level by creating pores in the mitochondrial outer membrane. Furthermore, LukS-PV, 1 of the 2 components of PVL, was detected in lung sections of patients with necrotizing pneumonia together with DNA fragmentation, suggesting that PVL induces apoptosis in vivo and thereby is directly involved in the pathophysiology of necrotizing pneumonia.
Plasma Total Homocysteine Levels Are Associated With von Willebrand Factor, Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, and Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptors in Young Type 1 Diabetic Patients Without Clinical Evidence of Macrovascular Complications
Authors: Giovanni Targher, Luciano Zenari, Lorenzo Bertolini, Giancarlo Falezza, Michele Muggeo, Giacomo Zoppini
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

Evidence of Macrovascular Complications Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels are a powerful risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease (1), but it is still unclear by which pathophysiological mechanisms tHcy may promote atherothrombosis.In both experimental animal and cell culture studies (2,3), acute hyperhomocysteinemia induces endothelial dysfunction, leading to a low-grade inflammatory state that results in increased leukocyte adher-
An Immunologic Precipitin System between Soluble Nucleoprotein and Serum Antibody in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus*
Authors: Eng M. Tan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Double diffusion in agarose was employed for the characterization of a soluble nucleoprotein antigen that gave precipitin reactions with sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The soluble antigen that was isolated from calf thymus nuclei was demonstrated by enzyme degradation and ultracentrifugation studies, and by immunologic analysis, to be a complex of deoxyribonucleic acid and a moiety susceptible to proteolytic digestion. Antibody to soluble nucleoprotein did not react with the DNA portion of the complex released after proteolytic digestion or with purified calf thymus DNA. Immunologic reaction of identity was obtained between the soluble nucleoprotein antigen and synthesized DNA-histone complex, suggesting that the protein moiety of soluble nucleoprotein might in part be composed of histone. Antibody to soluble nucleoprotein was present in 51% of systemic lupus erythematosus sera examined and was more common than antibody to deoxyribonucleic acid.
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara type. A report of two cases with different types of tonofilament clumping
Authors: Y. KITAJIMA, Y. JOKURA, H. YAOITA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Two cases ofthe Dowling-Meara type of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) are described. Both had severe blistering at birth, which improved gradually with age. Vesicles and small bullae clustering in a herpetiform fashion were seen in both cases. One showed mild pincer deformity of the nails. and in the other the nail plates were shed after subungual blistering, but regrew without deformity, Histopathology and ultrastructural study showed cytolysis of the basal cells in both cases, but ultrastructurally different forms of tonofilament clumps were present in epidermal keratinocytes. In one case there was typical round clumping of tonofilaments, and in the other a whisk-type clumping of tonofilaments. Cultured keratinocytes from the former produced round clumps of keratin filaments, but those from the latter did not. Review of previous reports of Dowling-Meara EBS revealed that cases could also be divided into two groups in terms of the type of tonofilament clumping at an ultrastructural level. The possibility of subtyping of Dowling-Meara EBS, and possible mechanisms of the blistering in this disease are discussed.
Variation and Inappropriateness Are Not the Same
Authors: David H. Mark
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  To Leape et al 1 I ask a simple question. When does a little become a lot? In this study and an earlier study, 2 they found statistically significant associations between utilization rates and appropriateness for coronary angiography. Yet they conclude from both studies that inappropriate use does not explain variations in the use of health care services. If they are disappointed that inappropriate use did not explain more of the variation between areas, then they are surely behaving naively in order to support their biases.  As they well realize, age, sex, and appropriateness rating are far from a complete specification of a model that describes variations in geographic rates. Assumed to be missing from the model are differences in (1) disease rates, (2) patient preferences, (3) underuse of the procedure, (4) underdetection of the disease, and (5) many types of random variation. With more complete adjustment
Preliminary Report of a Case of Sensitization to the May-Fly (Ephemera)
Authors: Harold Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In July, 1913, a patient consulted me for attacks of a distressing coryza with sneezing, lacrimation and a reddening of the eyes. He stated that these attacks came on during June and July and appeared to be brought about while driving in the evening whenever he encountered a swarm of those ephemerids commonly called "May-flies," "Canada soldiers," "fish-flies," etc. These insects, as is well known, are abundant in the region of the Great Lakes, the imago passing its brief existence in the air, at which time the female is fertilized. The attacks from which the patient suffered had begun a few years previously and without assignable cause. The symptoms were quite like those of hay-fever without asthma, and after each one, in the absence of a repetition of the usual exciting cause, a day or two was necessary for recovery. In order to test the hypothesis of
THE NONCARCINOGENIC NATURE OF PURIFIED MINERAL OILS
Authors: FRANCIS CARTER WOOD
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The wide publicity given in recent years to the production of cancer in human beings by contact with lubricating oils has caused considerable concern as to the possible dangers of using the heavy oils for therapeutic purposes. This apprehension is of course the result of complete lack of knowledge of the exact conditions under which such oil cancer appeared. Therefore, while several investigations have been made of the carcinogenic possibilities of specially purified oils, a study on a large scale of some widely used therapeutic products was considered advisable. The facts about oil cancer have been only recently discovered. Southam and Wilson<sup>1</sup>in 1922 called attention to the fact that cancer of the scrotum was unduly frequent in mule-spinners whose clothes are saturated with lubricating oil from the machinery which they attend. Scott in 1923<sup>2</sup>published an extensive paper on the cancer of workers in the Scottish shale
The Result of DOP (Dexamethasone, Vincristine, Pepleomycin) as Palliative Chemotherapy for Refractory/Relapsed Lymphoma
Authors: T. Takahashi, S. Kumanomido, C. Onishi, F. Ikejiri, K. Adachi, K. Kawakami, M. Inoue, T. Miyake, J. Tanaka, J. Suzumiya
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: a case series suggesting gadolinium as a possible aetiological factor
Authors: J.A. Moreno-Romero, S. Segura, J.M. Mascaró, S.E. Cowper, M. Julià, E. Poch, A. Botey, C. Herrero
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) or nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy is a rare fibrotic condition that presents in patients with a history of renal disease. The aetiology is unknown, but it has recently been proposed that gadolinium, a paramagnetic contrast agent, may be a trigger of this disease. We report three patients with NSF with a history of use of gadolinium in magnetic resonance angiography a few weeks before the onset of symptoms. In the future, gadolinium should probably be avoided as much as possible in renal insufficiency patients until its role in the development of NSF is clarified.
First In Vivo Optical Coherence Tomography in the Human Bile Duct
Authors: U. Seitz, J. Freund, S. Jaeckle, F. Feldchtein, S. Bohnacker, F. Thonke, N. Gladkova, B. Brand, S. Schröder, N. Soehendra
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel technique for performing high-resolution, cross-sectional tomographic imaging in human tissue, which allows resolution of up to 10 microm. The short depth of penetration allows assessment of the superficial 2 mm of the gastrointestinal tract, an area that is difficult to appraise even with high-frequency ultrasound. This is the first report on in vivo OCT of the human biliary system. The aim was to assess the feasibility of the technique.Four cases of intraductal OCT are presented. The probe was inserted through the working channel of a duodenoscope.The connective tissue layer and the underlying retroperitoneal tissue, with less backscattering, could be clearly demonstrated. The images showed a layer architecture which was similar to that found histologically.OCT of the biliary system is feasible in patients with biliary pathology. Interpretable images were obtained, and clinical use needs further assessment. As current OCT probes and processors do not yet provide optimal resolution, further generations of equipment with improved image quality are required.
Aureomycin Therapy in the Pulmonary Involvement of Pancreatic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis)
Authors: Harry Shwachman, Allen C. Crocker, George E. Foley, Paul R. Patterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

THIS report is concerned with aureomycin∥ in the treatment of patients with pancreatic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis of the pancreas).1 2 3 Numerous advances in the understanding of the nature of the disease, development of diagnostic procedures and clinical management have been made in a series of correlated studies carried out at the Boston Children's Hospital.4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 The common notion that this is a rare disease and that the immediate prognosis is always poor is no longer tenable. Another misconception, perhaps based on historical and nosologic grounds, is the view that this is a disease solely of the pancreas and that involvement of other . . .
An intact cysteine-rich domain is required for dystrophin function.
Authors: R D Bies, C T Caskey, R Fenwick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

The carboxyl terminus of dystrophin is encoded by a highly conserved, alternatively spliced region of the gene. The few rare mutations reported in this region are of interest in unraveling the function of the dystrophin molecule. An unusual case of infantile onset Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with an internal 3' genomic deletion, and a membrane localized non-functional dystrophin protein, was used to explore the functional activity of this region. The patient's cDNA sequence showed an intragenic 1824-bp deletion precisely excising the cysteine rich and alternatively spliced COOH-terminal domains of dystrophin. The unaltered final 2.7 kb of the patients transcript was defined as a single exon localized to two genomic fragments, with the 5.9 kb HindIII fragment containing the stop codon. To understand the significance of deletions in this important region of the dystrophin gene, we mapped the order and cDNA coordinates for the 3' genomic HindIII fragments encoding the cysteine rich and alternative splicing domains. This 3' gene map was used to compare the clinical phenotype of the other reported COOH-terminal deletions in the literature. Our analysis concludes that the cysteine-rich domain confers an important function for the dystrophin protein.
Gas gangrene: a cautionary tale
Authors: C R Kirk, J C Dorgan, C A Hart
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A propos d'une observation: enfant de 6 ans presentant une laceration d'un genou apres une chute; la plaie est souillee, la capsule articulaire est dechiree, presence d'air dans l'articulation et d'hemarthrose. Les lesions sont reparees et la plaie suturee aussitot; une gangrene gazeuse serieuse se developpe, necessitant des soins intensifs. Conclusion: toute plaie infectee par clostridium perfringens ne doit etre suturee en un premier temps, et un traitement par penicilline est indiquee sauf si le malade y est allergique
Abstract 2206: Genetic variants in selenoprotein genes and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric cancer in a Chinese population
Authors: Sharon Li, Paula L. Hyland, Neal D. Freedman, Nan Hu, Hua Su, Lemin Wang, Chaoyu Wang, Ti Ding, Yuan Wang, Jin-Hu Fan, You-Lin Qiao, Xiaoqin Xiong, Kai Yu, Alisa M. Goldstein, Sanford M. Dawsey, Philip R. Taylor, Christian C. Abnet, Shih-Wen Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract PURPOSE: Several observational studies and multinutrient interventional trials suggest that selenium compounds have potential chemopreventive effects on esophageal and gastric carcinogenesis, presumably via their influence on selenoproteins. We aimed to investigate associations between genetic variants in selenoprotein genes and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric carcinoma (GC) and GC subsets: cardia (GCA) and non-cardia (GNCA) using data from a genome-wide association study in a Han Chinese population in which ESCC and GC are predominant cancers. METHODS: 1944 ESCC cases, 1758 GC cases (1126 GCA and 632 GNCA) and 2111 controls from the Shanxi Upper GI Cancer Genetics project and the Linxian Nutritional Intervential Trials were genotyped for 243 SNPs in 24 selenoprotein genes. Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate SNP-level associations. Pathway- and gene-level associations were determined using the resampling-based adaptive rank-truncated product approach. RESULTS: Selenoproteins as a whole pathway were not significantly associated with ESCC (p=0.398) or GC (p=0.608), but five significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) gene-level associations were identified, including GPX2 (p=0.008) and GPX5 (p=0.006) with ESCC, DIO2 (p=0.026) with GC, and SEPP1 (p=0.007) and SEPW1 (p=0.004) with GCA. CONCLUSION: Our results show evidence for an association between specific selenoprotein genes and the risk of ESCC and GC, warranting further studies to validate these associations and investigate underlying mechanisms. Citation Format: Sharon Li, Paula L. Hyland, Neal D. Freedman, Nan Hu, Hua Su, Lemin Wang, Chaoyu Wang, Ti Ding, Yuan Wang, Jin-Hu Fan, You-Lin Qiao, Xiaoqin Xiong, Kai Yu, Alisa M. Goldstein, Sanford M. Dawsey, Philip R. Taylor, Christian C. Abnet, Shih-Wen Lin. Genetic variants in selenoprotein genes and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric cancer in a Chinese population. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2206. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2206