tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TREATMENT OF THE PARKINSONIAN SYNDROME WITH BULGARIAN BELLADONNA ROOT AND AMPHETAMINE (BENZEDRINE) SULFATE
Authors: EUGENE DAVIDOFF, EDWARD C. REIFENSTEIN, NOBLE R. CHAMBERS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1940)

1. A series of 25 patients with Parkinsonian syndrome, including 15 of the post-encephalitic type, and 10 of the arteriosclerotic or idiopathic type have been treated with the combination of Bulgarian belladonna root (rabellon) and amphetamine (benzedrine) sulfate. Of the post-encephalitic cases, 11 showed some improvemnet. Of the other types, five were beneficially influenced. 2. Our experience indicated that this therapy is superior to other forms of treatment.
Detailed Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy
Authors: Stephanie Halford, Gerald Liew, Donna S. Mackay, Panagiotis I. Sergouniotis, Richard Holt, Suzanne Broadgate, Emanuela V. Volpi, Louise Ocaka, Anthony G. Robson, Graham E. Holder, Anthony T. Moore, Michel Michaelides, Andrew R. Webster
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Keeping Science on Top in Drug Evaluation
Authors: Jerry Avorn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

In many sectors of American life — energy, defense, finance, pharmaceuticals — the government stands poised between powerful industry groups and the needs of the citizenry. But in only one of these areas, prescription medications, is there a formal public mechanism for integrating science into the national decision-making process. At their best, U.S. drug-approval procedures include an open system in which outside scientists come together as advisory committees to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), publicly evaluate the available evidence, and render opinions to guide the agency's decisions. The approach is based on the insight that a deep reservoir of . . .
SPLENECTOMY STATISTICALLY CONSIDERED, WITH REPORT OF CASE.
Authors: RICHARD DOUGLAS
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Assuming that the Association is deeply interested in the evolution of abdominal surgery, I presume to trace the history of splenectomy which will reveal forgotten facts established by the surgeons of old, which challenge the criticism and shame the technique of the most modern. Physiologists are yet discussing the rule that the spleen plays in the animal economy, a question that was practically settled by Viard about the middle of the sixteenth century, he having removed the spleen from three patients, all of whom made perfect recoveries. Some twenty years before, Zacarelli appears as the first surgeon who successfully removed the spleen. These cases were not generally published and but few had the temerity to follow such brilliant leaders. As a consequence in the next two hundred' years we find but twelve splenectomies. A large percentage of these were for wound with a protrusion of the organ. From 1800 to
Efficacy of 3 different light doses in the treatment of actinic keratosis with 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy: A randomized, observer-blinded, intrapatient, comparison study
Authors: Sonja Radakovic-Fijan, Ulrike Blecha-Thalhammer, Harald Kittler, Herbert Hönigsmann, Adrian Tanew
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2005)
National uptake of jets E-portfolio
Authors: A. Sinha, K. Dowler, R. Valori, P. Dunckley
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> JAG released the JETS e- portfolio in September 2009. Many trusts across the UK have adopted it allowing their trainees to log their endoscopic experience. The e-portfolio acts as a detailed electronic logbook, supports training, supports ARCP9s and will be the main portal for application for JAG certification. <h3>Methods</h3> Data is collected regularly on a national basis to monitor the uptake of the e-portfolios, number of lists, procedures, DOPS, trainees added, etc. This data can be analysed at a regional, trust wide or deanery wide basis. Here we present the current national uptake data at the time of writing (21<sup>st</sup> November 2010). <h3>Results</h3> 76.2% of the trusts in UK have been set up to use the JETS e-portfolio now as compared to 34.6% in March this year. 55.6% of trusts are actively using the system. 8905 procedures and 854 DOPS were logged last month. Of the total 2479 users of e-portfolio, 857 are trainees. 16 355 endoscopy lists have been logged, of which 5517 were dedicated training lists. 70 516 procedures have been recorded to date. There have been no major IT setbacks and the overall feedback from trainees using the system has been excellent. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Nearly 12 months after its release, 76.2% of the trusts in UK have set up the JETS e-portfolio and 55.6% are actively using it. This steady uptake across the UK shows that the service finds this a valuable tool. We expect 100% uptake by March 2011. Up to date UK-wide data will be presented. Continued uptake is crucial as application for JAG certification through the JETS e-portfolio will begin in early 2011. There will be a grace period of 6 months where both online and paper logs can be used to obtain certification, but the online process through JETS e-portfolio will be the only means to gain JAG certification thereafter. The details of these are available on JAG website.
Blood Mercury Levels and Neurobehavior--Reply
Authors: Megan Weil, Brian Schwartz, Thomas Glass, Joseph Bressler
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mortality of Joggers
Authors: Richard J. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In this issue ofThe Journal(p 2535), Thompson and his colleagues report that during a six-year period only 12 men died during jogging in Rhode Island. The authors then estimated how many joggers were active in this period, using a random telephone survey, and concluded that one death occurred per year for every 7,620 joggers, or per 396,000 man-hours of jogging. All but one of these deaths were presumed to have been due to coronary heart disease (CHD). Coroners autopsies disclosed one- or two-vessel CHD in six cases. The coroner elected not to perform autopsies in three other cases in which there had been a clinical history of CHD. Almost half of the deaths (five) occurred in men in whom a premortem diagnosis was possible; however, even discounting these deaths, death occurred more often during jogging than would be expected by chance. The meaning of this is not certain,
Oxidative stress mediates tau-induced neurodegeneration in Drosophila
Authors: Dora Dias-Santagata, Tudor A. Fulga, Atanu Duttaroy, Mel B. Feany
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Markers of oxidative damage have been detected in brain tissue from patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. These findings implicate oxidative injury in the neurodegenerative process, but whether oxidative stress is a cause or a consequence of neurotoxicity remains unclear. We used a Drosophila model of human tauopathies to investigate the role of oxidative stress in neurodegeneration. Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms significantly modified neurodegeneration in our model, suggesting that oxidative stress plays a causal role in neurotoxicity. We demonstrate that the JNK signaling pathway is activated in our model, which is in agreement with previous findings in AD tissue. Furthermore, we show that the extent of JNK activation correlates with the degree of tau-induced neurodegeneration. Finally, our findings suggest that oxidative stress acts not to promote tau phosphorylation, but to enhance tau-induced cell cycle activation. In summary, our study identifies oxidative stress as a causal factor in tau-induced neurodegeneration in Drosophila.
Quantitative analysis of the high-frequency components of the signal-averaged QRS complex in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a prospective study.
Authors: J A Gomes, R Mehra, P Barreca, N el-Sherif, R Hariman, R Holtzman
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We performed a prospective study of the high-frequency components of the terminal portion of the QRS complex in 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (mean age 63 +/- 10 years) within 3.25 +/- 2.45 days of the acute event. Signal averaging (400 beats) at a filter setting of 80 to 300 Hz was performed and the duration of the low-amplitude signals of less than 40 microV in the terminal portion of the QRS, the root-mean-square (RMS) voltage of the terminal 40 msec of the QRS complex, and the total duration of the signal-averaged QRS vector complex were measured. The low-amplitude signals were abnormally prolonged in 22 of 50 patients (44%); the RMS-V was abnormal (less than 20 microV) in 21 of 50 patients (58%), and the signal-averaged vector complex was abnormal (greater than 120 msec) in 15 of 46 patients (33%) without bundle branch block. There was no significant correlation between any of the signal-averaged parameters and site of AMI or total creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB values. On the basis of the occurrence of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia in the acute and postcoronary care phase of AMI, the patients were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 31 patients (62%) who had no documented ventricular tachycardia and group II consisted of 19 patients (38%) who had one or more runs of ventricular tachycardia. Fourteen of the 19 patients in group II (73.6%) had nonsustained ventricular tachycardia and five patients (26.3%) suffered sustained ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation or sudden death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Morphometric analyses of rabbit thoracic aorta after poststenotic dilatation.
Authors: U Kukongviriyapan, B S Gow
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The aim of this study was to quantify the morphological changes in the arterial wall resulting from poststenotic dilatation (PSD). PSD was produced by placing a split nylon ring around the thoracic aorta of the rabbits at a level of T6-7 during a sterile thoracotomy done under pentobarbital anesthesia. After period of PSD ranging from 1-51 months these rabbits were anesthetized, as were the control animals, and the descending thoracic aorta from the fourth to the eleventh ribs was removed following perfusion fixation with Karnovsky's solution at a constant pressure of 80 mm Hg. The extent of PSD development was variable even though the stenotic ring was the same size in all rabbits. Ultrastructural findings showed degenerative changes of the wall components in the PSD region and were more prominent in the aortas with greater dilatation. Morphometric measurements showed that the PSD was accompanied by a decrease in volume density of both smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and elastin and an increase in collagen and ground substance. These changes were well correlated with degree of dilatation and ratio of internal radius to wall thickness (hence, mean wall stress) but not with duration of PSD. While the number of SMCs per unit volume in the PSD aortas was significantly less than normal (p less than 0.05), there was no significant change in mean cell volume. Although the reduced muscle mass might be expected to lower the capacity of the vessel to maintain tone, previous results show that this does not occur.
P values or confidence intervals?
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The effectiveness of topical chloramphenicol in preventing wound infection after minor dermatological surgery was evaluated. Researchers performed a randomised placebo controlled double blind superiority trial. The intervention was a single application of topical chloramphenicol ointment to the sutured wound immediately after suturing. The placebo treatment was a single application of paraffin ointment. In total, 972 minor surgery patients with high risk sutured wounds were recruited. Trial participants were randomised to topical chloramphenicol ointment (n=488) or placebo (n=484). The primary outcome was infection on the agreed day of removal of sutures or sooner if the patient re-presented with a perceived infection.1 The critical level of significance for statistical testing was set at 0.05 (5%). The proportion of participants with an infection was significantly lower in the chloramphenicol group than in the placebo group (6.6% v 11.0%; difference −4.4%, 95% confidence interval −7.9% to −0.8%; P=0.010). The researchers concluded that the application of a single dose of topical chloramphenicol to high risk sutured wounds after minor surgery produced a statistically significant yet moderate absolute reduction in infection rate. Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
Long-term Control of Bacteriuria with Trimethoprim-Sulphonamide
Authors: W. R. Cattell, D. A. Chamberlain, I. K. Fry, M. A. McSherry, C. Broughton, F. O'Grady
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Long-term antibacterial therapy with the drug combination trimethoprim-sulphonamide has been used for the treatment of 52 patients with persistent or recurrent bacteriuria. Hypersensitivity or gastrointestinal intolerance was observed in six. Bacteriuria was controlled in 36 out of 38 patients with organisms sensitive to trimethoprim-sulphonamide, 28 having received treatment for periods ranging from 6 to 49 months. Treatment was in some cases curative and in others suppressive or prophylactic. The importance of supportive measures is re-emphasized.
Psychiatrist who broke his wife's ankle is suspended for 12 months
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Objective</h3> To measure the correlation of race/ethnicity in Brazil with coverage of prenatal consultations, taking into account the races: white, brown and black. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> This is an ecological descriptive study whose premise is that there is a correlation between the ethnic composition of population and quantitative coverage of antenatal care of pregnant women in the population of Brazil. The data were analysed using the coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) and a linear trendline for the correlation. We estimated the data of the population white, black and brown, and eventually, joining the black and mulatto population, all in proportion. <h3>Results</h3> The outcome of the graphs showed a positive correlation between coverage of adequate prenatal and increase the proportion of white population and a similar behaviour with respect to blacks. However, the mixed population to be assessed in that aspect, showed a negative correlation. By joining the black and brown has a negative correlation, however. <h3>Conclusion</h3> It was clear how far in Brazil there are racial and socioeconomic inequalities, which play an important role in the right of access to population health.
Early development of Hodgkin's lymphoma in association with the use of methotrexate for the treatment of dermatomyositis.
Authors: B Bittar, C D Rose
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

Similar anti-Proteus mirabilis titres in P1 positive and P1 negative individuals with rheumatoid arthritis During recent years there have been several reports showing increased antibody levels against Proteus mirabilis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).`Pmirabilis is a on November 21,
Roles and responsibilities of medical expert witnesses
Authors: Mark Friston
Journal: BMJ (2005)

After the erasure from the medical register of Professor Sir Roy Meadow on 15 July 2005, doctors acting as expert witnesses may want to remind themselves of their duties and of what might happen if they fail to discharge those duties. Doctors wishing to rise to this challenge would do well to seek training, and many such courses are advertised on the internet. This editorial deals principally with the roles and responsibilities of experts in civil litigation in England and Wales. That said, the principles are broadly applicable to litigation in the criminal and family courts and, to varying degrees, to litigation in other jurisdictions.

Expert witnesses can take sage guidance from the judgment of Mr Justice Cresswell in the “Ikarian Reefer.”1 This case involved a Panamanian vessel that ran aground and caught fire; the insurers argued that the vessel was the subject of arson by the owners, and in this regard they relied on expert evidence. The case heralded important changes in the use of expert witnesses. Mr Justice Cresswell's guidance (which is paraphrased in the box) has largely been incorporated in the Civil Procedure Rules.2
Perforation of the esophagus after dilation treatment for dysphagia in a patient with eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: C. Eisenbach, U. Merle, P. Schirmacher, J. Hansmann, A. Stiehl, W. Stremmel, H. Kulaksiz
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A 17-year-old girl presented with progressive dysphagia. Congenital esophageal stenosis had been diagnosed 8 years previously on the basis of similar symptoms. After repeated esophageal dilation at that time, she had remained asymptomatic for several years. Achalasia was excluded by manometry, which documented complete lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and uncoordinated contractions. A barium swallow examination showed a long-segment stenosis of the esophagus (Figure [1]). Endoscopy revealed a long-segment stenosis, which was dilated to a diameter of 11 mm to allow multiple biopsies to be taken. Minor bleeding and mucosal tears were observed after the dilation. A check-up gastroscopy showed signs of esophagitis and white pin-point plaques (Figure [2]), and multiple biopsies were taken. Computed tomography showed that there was air in the paraesophageal space, and perforation of the esophagus was assumed (Figure [3]). Four weeks later, no further extramural air was detected, and the patient remained clinically stable.
Cytisine — A Tobacco Treatment Hiding in Plain Sight
Authors: Nancy A Rigotti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A randomized, controlled trial published in this issue of the Journal brings renewed attention to cytisine, a potentially useful pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation that has been hiding in plain sight.1 A naturally occurring plant alkaloid, cytisine has been sold in Eastern Europe as an inexpensive smoking-cessation aid for 50 years but is unavailable elsewhere.2 Two events brought it to broader attention in 2006. First, Etter's review2 of overlooked, older studies suggested a potential efficacy of cytisine for smoking cessation, although a firm conclusion could not be drawn because previous trials did not meet contemporary standards. Second, varenicline, a drug with . . .
Unsuccessful Emergency Medical Resuscitation — Are Continued Efforts in the Emergency Department Justified?
Authors: William A. Gray, Robert J. Capone, Albert S. Most
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The majority of attempts to resuscitate victims of prehospital cardiopulmonary arrest are unsuccessful, and patients are frequently transported to the emergency department for further resuscitation efforts. We evaluated the efficacy and costs of continued hospital resuscitation for patients in whom resuscitation efforts outside the hospital have failed. We reviewed the records of 185 patients presenting to our emergency department after an initially unsuccessful, but ongoing, resuscitation for a prehospital arrest (cardiac, respiratory, or both) by an emergency medical team. Prehospital and hospital characteristics of treatment for the arrest were identified, and the patients' outcomes in the emergency room were ascertained. The hospital course and the hospital costs for the patients who were revived were determined. Over a 19-month period, only 16 of the 185 patients (9 percent) were successfully resuscitated in the emergency department and admitted to the hospital. A shorter duration of prehospital resuscitation was the only characteristic of the resuscitation associated with an improved outcome in the emergency department. No patient survived until hospital discharge, and all but one were comatose throughout hospitalization. The mean stay in the hospital was 12.6 days (range, 1 to 132), with an average of 2.3 days (range, 1 to 11) in an intensive care unit. The total hospital cost for the 16 patients admitted was $180,908 (range per patient, $1,984 to $95,144). In general, continued resuscitation efforts in the emergency department for victims of cardiopulmonary arrest in whom prehospital resuscitation has failed are not worthwhile, and they consume precious institutional and economic resources without gain.