tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mucin expression and function in the female reproductive tract
Authors: D. Carson
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1998)

Reproductive tract epithelia are characterized by the presence of a thick, apical glycocalyx. This glycoprotein coat is drastically reduced in the uterus of many species during the time of embryo implantation. Recent studies indicate that mucin glycoproteins constitute a large proportion of the apical glycocalyx. One of these mucins, Muc-1, has particularly important functions at the luminal surface of the uterus and other female reproductive tract tissues. Muc-1 appears to play a dominant role in maintaining a functionally non-receptive uterine surface with regard to blastocyst attachment. Conversion to a receptive uterine state is brought about by the concerted actions of ovarian steroid hormones that in several species also strongly modulate Muc-1 protein and mRNA expression. Muc-1 also appears to serve a general function in protecting reproductive tract mucosa since Muc-1 null mice are particularly prone to bacterial infection. Collectively, these studies indicate that mucins, including Muc-1, play important barrier roles in reproductive processes and protection from bacterial pathogenesis in the female reproductive tract.
Identification and characterization of IL-10/IFN-γ–producing effector-like T cells with regulatory function in human blood
Authors: Barbara Häringer, Laura Lozza, Bodo Steckel, Jens Geginat
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)

Two subsets of natural and adaptive regulatory T (T reg) cells have been described, but the identity of adaptive type 1 regulatory (Tr1)–like cells in humans is unclear. We analyzed a subset of human blood CD4+ T cells—CD45RA−CD25−interleukin (IL)-7 receptor (R)− cells—that rapidly secreted high levels of IL-10 together with interferon γ, but produced little IL-2. These IL-7R− T cells were rare, anergic, and largely Foxp3−. They expressed low levels of Bcl-2 but high levels of Ki-67 and ICOS, suggesting that they have been recently activated in vivo. Consistently, they responded selectively to persistent foreign and self-antigens under steady-state conditions. Unlike natural CD25+ T reg cells, IL-7R− cells suppressed naive and memory T cell proliferation in an IL-10–dependent fashion, and they required strong T cell receptor stimulation for suppression. To our knowledge, this is the first report that identifies Tr1-like cells in human blood. These IL-10–secreting cells have characteristics of chronically activated Th1 effector cells and are distinct from CD25+ T reg cells.
Experimental Studies of Blood Brain Barrier Permeability in Acute Hepatic Failure
Authors: Ahmed E. O. Zaki, Roland J. Ede, Michael Davis, Roger Williams
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Permeability of the blood brain barrier in relation to the development of hepatic encephalopathy was investigated in two animal models of acute hepatic failure, in one of which there was the potential for recovery (D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis). In both this and the hepatic devascularization model, there was an approximate 3-fold increase in the passive permeability of the blood brain barrier to inulin and sucrose. Transport of amino acids was also significantly affected, with approximate 30% increases in the brain uptake of phenylalanine, tyrosine and arginine and a 65% increase in uptake of leucine. These changes are attributed to the action of circulating toxic substances, some of which increase blood brain barrier permeability in normal animals.
False-Positive lndium-111 WBC Image Secondary to an Unusual Configuration of the Right Hepatic Lobe
Authors: RICHARD B. BUDDE, STEPHEN R. DELONG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

The uptake of lndium-111 labeled WBCs in the reticuloendothelial system and inflammatory sites is well established. A case is presented in which a peculiar-appearing inferior right hepatic lobe was believed to be a subhepatic abscess in a patient with the appropriate symptomatology. A hepatobiliary scan firmly resolved the issue.
Amplification of the ABL gene in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: K E Barber, M Martineau, L Harewood, M Stewart, E Cameron, J C Strefford, S Rutherford, T D Allen, Z J Broadfield, K L Cheung, R L Harris, G R Jalali, A V Moorman, H M Robinson, C J Harrison
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Immune regulation in chronically transfused allo‐antibody responder and nonresponder patients with sickle cell disease and β‐thalassemia major
Authors: Weili Bao, Hui Zhong, Xiaojuan Li, Margaret T. Lee, Joseph Schwartz, Sujit Sheth, Karina Yazdanbakhsh
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Red blood cell alloimmunization is a major complication of transfusion therapy. Host immune markers that can predict antibody responders remain poorly described. As regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a role in alloimmunization in mouse models, we analyzed the Treg compartment of a cohort of chronically transfused patients with sickle cell disease (SCD, n = 22) and β-thalassemia major (n = 8) with and without alloantibodies. We found reduced Treg activity in alloantibody responders compared with nonresponders as seen in mice. Higher circulating anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels and lower IFN-γ levels were detected in non-alloimmunized SCD patients. Stimulated sorted CD4+ cells from half of the alloimmunized patients had increased frequency of IL-4 expression compared with nonresponders, indicating a skewed T helper (Th) 2 humoral immune response in a subgroup of antibody responders. All patients had increased Th17 responses, suggesting an underlying inflammatory state. Although small, our study indicates an altered immunoregulatory state in alloantibody responders which may help future identification of potential molecular risk factors for alloimmunization.
Glove-Starch Granulomatous Disease
Authors: Rama M. Jager
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A multitude of recent reports on glove-starch granulomata<sup>1,2</sup>underscore the gravity of this persisting but uncommon surgical problem. Despite the great number of surgical procedures performed each year, the occurrence of starch granulomatous disease is fortunately rare. However, an exploratory laparotomy may be the only recourse to distinguish this surgeon-induced disease from postoperative inflammatory or infectious complications. Surgeons recognize the occurrence and pathogenesis of glove-starch granulomata, and this information is sufficiently widely disseminated. Presently, many surgeons do attempt to remove starch granules from gloves by washing them in water or wiping them with wet towels. Such maneuvers may be futile in preventing this surgical hazard, as glove— starch disease is known to occur when the gloves have been washed before the peritoneal cavity is entered.<sup>3</sup>As long ago as 1947, it was demonstrated that gloves washed as thoroughly as possible under a single washing with
A new multiple site marking grid for botulinum toxin application in the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis
Authors: S. Jain
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article A new multiple site marking grid for botulinum toxin application in the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis Get access S. Jain S. Jain Department of Dermatology, Poole Hospital NHS Trust, Poole BH15 2JB, U.K. E‐mail: sarita.jain@virgin.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 2, 1 February 2006, Pages 385–386, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.07058.x Published: 01 February 2006
The Index Medicus.
Authors: H. A. Hare
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 3, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have learned that the Index Medicus will cease to be published with the February number, owing to lack of support and the fact that a large number of its subscribers are delinquent, unless an effort is made to continue it. The value of this publication to those who do any work at all in connection with medical literature is so great that I take the liberty of writing to you to express the hope that you will not only become a subscriber, but will urge other of your professional friends to do so. It is particularly necessary that the Index Medicus should be continued owing to the fact that after the completion of the supplementary volume of the Index Catalogue of the Surgeon-General's Library, there will be no record of contemporary medical literature and he who desires to keep pace with
Old age and steatohepatitis: A dangerous liaison?
Authors: Manlio Vinciguerra
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

To The Editor: I read with great interest the article by Fontana et al.1 in which the authors demonstrate in mice that aging does not favor or worsen the accumulation of intrahepatic lipids, whereas it promotes hepatocellular injury and inflammation (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]), due to the activation of the Fas death pathway and M1 macrophage polarization. The authors used naïve mice aged 2, 8, and 18 months, reflecting young, middle, and old age, and fed them a high fat diet (HFD). Whereas increased body weight and features of the metabolic syndrome were observed in all the groups, liver injury occurred only in the two older age groups as detected by transaminase levels and apoptosis assays. Therefore, aging affected inflammation and injury in the liver induced by HFD, but not insulin sensitivity.1 Although these findings are in line with the inflamm-aging theory, according to which aging accrues liver inflammation,2 and show that aging per se does not affect steatosis, there are some interesting aspects to be underlined. Steatosis/NASH are common precursors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the aging liver has been shown in rodents to provide a pro-proliferative clonogenic environment.3 However, very strong epidemiological data suggest that in humans the incidence of HCC drops significantly in individuals aged more than 70.4 Interestingly, there are only inconclusive data available on the progression from steatosis to NASH in the very elderly.5 Mice aged of 18 months, like the ones used in this study, correspond to humans age 56, roughly.6 Fontana et al. do not address the relationship between very old age and steatosis/NASH. There might be an age window when the livers of "survivors" (mouse or human) become resistant to develop injury, which needs to be looked at to understand fully the interaction between age and liver diseases in a therapeutic perspective. Manlio Vinciguerra PhD Head of Epigenetics of Fatty Liver Diseases Unit, Institute of Hepatology, Harold Samuel House, London, UK
PARALYSIS AGITANS IN NEGROES
Authors: CHARLES W. BURR
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Paralysis agitans is rare in negroes. The patient whose case is here reported was the only negro among the ninety-two persons suffering from it admitted to the Philadelphia General Hospital (Blockely) during the last eight years. I find no case recorded at the Orthopedic Hospital and Infirmary for Nervous Diseases. The number of negroes treated at the latter hospital, however, is relatively small; at Blockley it is large. Dr. James W. McConnell tells me that at the clinic for nervous diseases at the University of Pennsylvania he has not found any case recorded save the patient who later came under my care at Blockley. I have never seen any other case, and in a rapid glance over the literature of the disease I have found no reference to its occurrence in the negro. <h3>Patient</h3> A negro man aged 52 was admitted to the hospital June 3, 1912.
Regulation of acid-base equilibrium in chronic hypocapnia. Evidence that the response of the kidney is not geared to the defense of extracellular (H+).
Authors: J J Cohen, N E Madias, C J Wolf, W B Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

It is generally believed that the reduction in plasma [HCO3] characteristic of chronic hypocapnia results from renal homeostatic mechanisms designed to minimize the alkalemia produced by.the hypocapneic state. To test this hypothesis, we have induced chronic hypocapnia in dogs in which plasma [HCO3] had previously been markedly reduced (from 21 to 15 meq/liter) by the prolonged feeding of HCl. The PaCO2 of chronically acid-fed animals was reduced from 32 to 15 mm Hg by placing the animials in a large environmental chamber containing 9% oxygen. In response to this reduction in PaCO2, mean plasma [HCO3] fell by 8.6 meq/liter, reaching a new steady-state level of 6.4 meq/liter. This decrement in plasma [HCO3] is almost identical to the 8.1 meq/liter decrement previously observed in normal (nonacid-fed) animals in which the same degree of chronic hypocapnia had been induced. Thus, in both normal and HCl-fed animals, the renal response to chronic hypocapnia causes plasma [HCO3] to fall by approximately 0.5 meq/liter for each millimeter of Hg reduction in CO2 tension. By contrast, the response of plasma [H+] in the two groups was markedly different. Instead of the fall in [H+] which is seen during chronic hypocapnia in normal animals, [H+] in HCl-fed animals rose significantly from 53 to 59 neq/liter (pH 7.28-7.23). This seemingly paradoxical response is, of course, an expression of the constraints imposed by the Henderson equation and reflects the fact that the percent fall in [HCO3] in the HCl-fed animals was greater than the percent fall in PaCO2. These findings clearly indicate that in chronic hypocapnia the kidney cannot be regarded as the effector limb in a homeostatic feedback system geared to the defense of systemic acidity.
The Cutting Edge
Authors: Richard Peters, Robert Sikorski
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alteration of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function During Coronary Angioplasty-Induced Ischemia: A Color M-Mode Doppler Study
Authors: Anne-Marie Duval-Moulin, Patrick Dupouy, Philippe Brun, Fang Zhuang, Gabriel Pelle, Yvan Perez, Emmanuel Teiger, Alain Castaigne, Pascal Gueret, Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
Surgery in acute leukemia: A review of 167 operations in thrombocytopenic patients
Authors: J. F. Bishop, C. A. Schiffer, J. Aisner, J. P. Matthews, P. H. Wiernik
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract Of 435 consecutive patients with acute leukemia, 95 patients had 167 operations with a platelet count of &lt; 100 × 10 9 /L and 130 operations with platelet counts of &lt; 50 × 10 9 /L. Only 7% of operations had intraoperative blood loss of &gt;500 ml, and 7% required &gt;4 units of red cells transfused in the perioperative period. No patient died of bleeding attributable to surgery within 1 month of the operation. Granulocyte count was &lt;0.5 × 10 9 /L in 66% of operations with 57% febrile preoperatively. However, no patient developed infection within the surgical field in the postoperative month. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess preoperative factors, which identified those operations at risk for excessive bleeding or postoperative surgical complications. Major (group 1) operations, preoperative fever, and preoperative coagulation abnormalities were associated with operations with an intraoperative blood loss &gt;500 ml and/or perioperative red blood cell RBC transfusions &gt;4 units ( P &lt; .001). Surgery in cytopenic patients with acute leukemia is safe provided optimal supportive care is available.
Incidence of Side Effects from Levodopa during the Introduction of Treatment
Authors: R. B. Godwin-Austen, C. C. Frears, S. Bergmann
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Twenty patients with Parkinsonism were investigated in order to establish whether the gradual introduction of treatment with levodopa allows a higher dose to be tolerated than can be achieved if treatment is introduced rapidly. No indication was obtained that slow introduction of treatment offers an advantage in maximum tolerated dose, and patients aged 65 and over responded similarly in this respect to those under 65. The maximum tolerated dose is slightly lower in the elderly patient. The incidence of the different side effects does not appear to be affected by the rate of increasing the dose of levodopa.
Hyponatraemia after ingestion of "ectasy"
Authors: B Kessel
Journal: BMJ (1994)

that of urban diets, at each level of affluence or deprivation.Regretfully, most research in this field continues to search for the holy grail rather than examine the more pedestrian reality of how the health of each of us is directly influenced by our daily food intake.Other factors, such as social cohesion and housing, also contribute, though probably to a much lower degree.
Temporal Relations of Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure and Their Joint Influence on Mortality
Authors: Thomas J. Wang, Martin G. Larson, Daniel Levy, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Eric P. Leip, Philip A. Wolf, Ralph B. D’Agostino, Joanne M. Murabito, William B. Kannel, Emelia J. Benjamin
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF) frequently occur together, but there is limited information regarding their temporal relations and the combined influence of these conditions on mortality. Methods and Results— We studied participants in the Framingham Study with new-onset AF or CHF. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with time-dependent variables were used to evaluate whether mortality after AF or CHF was affected by the occurrence and timing of the other condition. Hazard ratios (HRs) were adjusted for time period and cardiovascular risk factors. During the study period, 1470 participants developed AF, CHF, or both. Among 382 individuals with both conditions, 38% had AF first, 41% had CHF first, and 21% had both diagnosed on the same day. The incidence of CHF among AF subjects was 33 per 1000 person-years, and the incidence of AF among CHF subjects was 54 per 1000 person-years. In AF subjects, the subsequent development of CHF was associated with increased mortality (men: HR 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9 to 3.7; women: HR 3.1; 95% CI, 2.2 to 4.2). Similarly, in CHF subjects, later development of AF was associated with increased mortality (men: HR 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.1; women: HR 2.7, 95% CI, 2.0 to 3.6). Preexisting CHF adversely affected survival in individuals with AF, but preexisting AF was not associated with adverse survival in those with CHF. Conclusions— Individuals with AF or CHF who subsequently develop the other condition have a poor prognosis. Additional studies addressing the pathogenesis, prevention, and optimal management of the joint occurrence of AF and CHF appear warranted.
1044-53 Full metal jacket in the drug-eluting stent era: In-hospital and 30-day outcome
Authors: Dejan Orlic, Goran Stankovic, Nicola Corvaja, Flavio Airoldi, M Montorfano, D Tavano, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Carlo Budano, Ioannis Iakovou, Carlo Di Mario, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Diastolic properties in canine hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy: Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II type-1 receptor blockade
Authors: Wataru Hayashida, Julian Donckier, Henri Van Mechelen, André A. Charlier, Hubert Pouleur
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

Angiotensin II has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of diastolic dysfunction in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The purpose of this study was to asses the effects of enalaprilat and L-158,809, an angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist, on LV diastolic function in 16 normal control dogs and 20 LVH dogs with perinephritic hypertension.LV hemodynamics was studied before and after intravenous injection of enalaprilat (0.25 mg/kg) or L-158,809 (0.3 mg/kg). The hemodynamic data were analyzed in relation to the changes in myocardial blood flow (measured by radioactive microspheres) and in the circulating angiotensin II and norepinephrine levels.At baseline, significant increases were observed for LV/body weight ratio as well as LV systolic and end-diastolic pressure in the LVH dogs (all P < 0.01 vs. the control group). In addition, LV relaxation time constant was prolonged and the chamber and myocardial stiffness constants were increased (P < 0.01) in the LVH dogs, suggesting an impairment of LV diastolic function. Administration of enalaprilat or L-158,809 improved LV stiffness constants in the LVH dogs (P < 0.05). The diastolic LV pressure-diameter relation shifted downwards in the LVH dogs whereas diastolic distensibility was not altered in the control dogs. Although the circulating angiotensin II levels were significantly decreased by enalaprilat in the LVH dogs, they did not correlate with the changes in the stiffness constants. Furthermore, the alterations of LV diastolic properties in the LVH group could not be attributed to myocardial perfusion, which was rather decreased by administration of enalaprilat and L-158,809. These results suggest that angiotensin II, particularly at the local level, is involved in the pathogenesis of diastolic dysfunction in pressure-overload LVH. The data also support the concept that ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers are potentially beneficial in the treatment of the hypertrophied heart.
A New Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1/Chemokine CC Motif Ligand-2 Competitor Limiting Neointima Formation and Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice
Authors: Elisa A. Liehn, Anna-Maria Piccinini, Rory R. Koenen, Oliver Soehnlein, Tiziana Adage, Roxana Fatu, Adelina Curaj, Alexandra Popescu, Alma Zernecke, Andreas J. Kungl, Christian Weber
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Bleeding Earth: A Doctor Looks at Vietnam
Authors: John A. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This is a fascinating book for anyone who is interested in the Vietnam war. Dr. Brass is an Australian physician who visited South Vietnam in 1966 as a special correspondent for the<i>Medical Journal of Australia</i>, and this book is a compilation of his experiences. It is most interesting to read how this basically American war strikes an Australian, since Australia is reputed to be our staunchest ally in Southeast Asia, and is a friendly ex-colonial sibling. Dr. Brass has accomplished several difficult tasks by producing a description of the joint "free-world" effort in the war in Vietnam, as well as detailing the many medical activities in Vietnam and also giving a lively and accurate picture of the Vietnamese country and people. His description of the war itself encompasses two large American campaigns: the war's effects on the people—physically and morally; and the "other war"—that of aid and assistance. He
Effect of Lactobacillus Johnsonii La1 and antioxidants on intestinal flora and bacterial translocation in experimental cirrhosis in rats
Authors: M. Chiva, G. Soriano, I. Rochat, C. Peralta, F. Rochat, T. Llovet, B. Gonzáles, C. Gómez, E.J. Schiffrin, C. Guarner, J. Balanzó
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)