tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TRANS-ILIAC RAT AORTA STENTING MODEL: A NOVEL HIGH THROUGHPUT PRECLINICAL STENT MODEL FOR RESTENOSIS AND THROMBOSIS
Authors: Shizu Oyamada, Xiaodong Ma, Tim Wu, Michael P. Robich, Cesario Bianchi, Frank W. Sellke, Roger J. Laham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERICARDIAL FAT, CORONARY VASOREACTIVITY, AND OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITHOUT OVERT OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Takashi Kato, Marcio Bittencourt, Nishant Shah, Viviany Taqueti, Courtney Foster, Mariya Gaber, Jon Hainer, Sharmila Dorbala, Ron Blankstein, Marcelo Di Carli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Negative correlation between neuropeptide Y/agouti-related protein concentration and adiponectinemia in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease obese adolescents submitted to a long-term interdisciplinary therapy
Authors: Aline de Piano, Lian Tock, June Carnier, Lila M. Oyama, Cláudia M. Oller do Nascimento, Aniella C. Martinz, Denis Foschini, Priscila L. Sanches, Regina M.Y. Ernandes, Marco Túlio de Mello, Sérgio Tufik, Ana R. Dâmaso
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Efficacy of auto-CPAP in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome.
Authors: J C Meurice, I Marc, F Sériès
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

The auto-CPAP (Morphée Plus) is characterized by its ability to modify the positive-pressure level applied during the night for the presence or absence of sleep-induced respiratory disorders. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of this new mode of CPAP therapy with that of conventional constant-CPAP in the treatment of sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (SAHS). Sixteen patients with SAHS were randomly allocated to two groups that were paired for age, apnea/hypopnea index, and mean sleep latency. In the auto-CPAP group, the pressure level could change within fixed limits in both directions (+2 to -4 cm H2O) of the previously determined effective pressure level (Peff). In the constant-CPAP group, patients used the same apparatus (Morphée Plus) in a constant mode at Peff level. At the beginning of the study, the Peff level was determined during a polysomnographic recording. Day-time vigilance was measured subjectively by a standardized questionnaire and objectively by the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT); Trailmaking tests (TMT) were used to evaluate cognitive functions. After 3 wk of home CPAP therapy, a control sleep study was done with the CPAP machine used in the protocol, and daytime vigilance and cognitive function tests were obtained. Baseline sleep and nocturnal breathing disorders characteristics did not differ between the two groups, and daytime vigilance and cognitive function abnormalities were similarily altered. In both groups, the apnea/hypopnea index was within normal range at the final CPAP sleep study. In the auto-CPAP group, 49.3 +/- 14.9% (mean +/- SD) of home treatment time was spent at a pressure < or = Peff. Home amount of use estimated by the number of sleeping hours with a positive pressure applied was 6.5 +/- 1.0 h in the auto-CPAP group and 5.1 +/- 1.1 h in the constant-CPAP group (p = 0.02). During the control CPAP sleep study, the positive pressure level was significantly lower during Stage III-IV than during the other sleep stages (p = 0.004). The improvement in the MWT and the TMT observed with CPAP therapy was identical in both groups. We conclude that (1) the amount of use during CPAP treatment is higher with auto-CPAP than with constant-CPAP, and (2) Morphée+auto-CPAP is an efficient as conventional CPAP in correcting nocturnal breathing disorders, daytime sleepiness, and cognitive impairment in SAHS.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AGGLUTININS IN THE IMMUNITY OF THE RABBIT TO THE HOG-CHOLERA BACILLUS
Authors: Carl Tenbroeck
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

Rabbits may show a high agglutination titer to the hog-cholera bacillus and have no immunity and on the other hand immune animals may have a comparatively low agglutination titer. In other words, with this organism the height of the agglutination titer does not indicate the degree of immunity. As this bacillus so closely resembles the typhoid bacillus biologically and pathologically, it seems safe to conclude, until evidence is brought forth to the contrary, that in man the height of the agglutination titer does not indicate the actual degree of immunity to the latter organism. The same would apply to other members of the typhoid-colon group. It would not be wise to draw a more general conclusion until other organisms have been tested. This does not mean that agglutinins are not related to immunity but it brings up the question of the wisdom of using them as a guide in immunization with the colon-typhoid group. When injected into the normal, vaccinated, or immune rabbit, the virulent hog-cholera bacillus is rapidly clumped and disappears from the circulation. 40 minutes after injection these organisms can be found in phagocytes in the liver. The fact that the normal rabbit gives this intra vitam agglutination is an exception to the findings of Bull that virulent organisms remain in the circulation for some time after injection.
SCCA1/SERPINB3 Promotes Oncogenesis and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition via the Unfolded Protein Response and IL6 Signaling
Authors: Namratha Sheshadri, Joseph M. Catanzaro, Alex J. Bott, Yu Sun, Erica Ullman, Emily I. Chen, Ji-An Pan, Song Wu, Howard C. Crawford, Jianhua Zhang, Wei-Xing Zong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The serine/cysteine protease inhibitor SCCA1 (SERPINB3) is upregulated in many advanced cancers with poor prognosis, but there is limited information about whether it makes functional contributions to malignancy. Here, we show that SCCA1 expression promoted oncogenic transformation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in mammary epithelial cells, and that SCCA1 silencing in breast cancer cells halted their proliferation. SCCA1 overexpression in neu+ mammary tumors increased the unfolded protein response (UPR), IL6 expression, and inflammatory phenotypes. Mechanistically, SCCA1 induced a prolonged nonlethal increase in the UPR that was sufficient to activate NF-κB and expression of the protumorigenic cytokine IL6. Overall, our findings established that SCCA1 contributes to tumorigenesis by promoting EMT and a UPR-dependent induction of NF-κB and IL6 autocrine signaling that promotes a protumorigenic inflammation. Cancer Res; 74(21); 6318–29. ©2014 AACR.
Impact of artificial sunlight therapy on the progress of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats
Authors: Toshiaki Nakano, Yu-Fan Cheng, Chia-Yun Lai, Li-Wen Hsu, Yen-Chen Chang, Jia-Yi Deng, Yu-Zhu Huang, Hiroyuki Honda, Kuang-Den Chen, Chih-Chi Wang, King-Wah Chiu, Bruno Jawan, Hock-Liew Eng, Shigeru Goto, Chao-Long Chen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Does Peanut Allergen Conjunctival Provocation Test Reflect Specific IgE Levels To Peanut?
Authors: Helene Lindvik, Petter Mowinckel, Jesintha Navaratnam, Karin Cecilie Lødrup Carlsen, Magnus Borres, Bente Kvenshagen, Kai Hakon Carlsen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Seborrheic Keratoses
Authors: Frederic E. Mohs
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A48: Durometer Measures Discriminate Affected versus Normal Skin in Pediatric Localized Scleroderma
Authors: Sarah Poff, Suzanne C. Li, Christina Kelsey, Ivan Foeldvari, Kathryn S. Torok
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background/Purpose: Localized scleroderma (LS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the skin and subdermal tissues, resulting in fibrosis and atrophy. Outcomes are monitored by scoring signs of inflammation and damage to compose the LS cutaneous assessment tool (LoSCAT). The utility of skin scoring is limited by the need for training and ongoing practice and its inherent subjectiveness. Establishing an objective, simple, measure of skin disease would facilitate standardized outcomes for multicenter studies. One component of the LoSCAT is skin thickness (ST), graded by the clinician using the Rodnan Skin Score (0–3 ST). A surrogate for ST is skin hardness, which can be measured by a tool called a durometer, in durometer units. Among adults with systemic sclerosis, the durometer is a valid measure of skin hardness with high intra– and inter–rater reliability, correlation to skin scores, and sensitivity to change over time. This study was undertaken to examine the validity of the durometer as a measure of disease in pediatric LS. Methods: Patients from two separate clinics who attended regular appointments for LS were eligible to participate. After consent, durometer measures were taken of a single LS lesion, the “study lesion,” as well as an area of normal skin, typically in a contralateral location. Measures were taken in triplicate on either edge of the study lesion and normal skin and at approximately 1cm intervals from edge to edge. Durometer readings were repeated at up to 5 follow–up visits. The highest durometer reading from the study lesion and corresponding normal skin at each patient's initial visit was used for statistical analysis. Affected and unaffected skin was compared using a paired sample t–test. At each visit concurrent standardized clinic outcome measures were obtained, including the LoSCAT. Results: Seventeen patients were included in the analysis; most were female (76%) and Caucasian (88%) with a linear subtype of LS (41%). Mean age was 13.5 yrs old during the study and 9.0 yrs old at the onset of disease. Seven patients had study lesions on the chest or back, 2 on the abdomen, and 8 on the limbs. Analysis revealed a significant difference between durometer measures of affected and unaffected skin with a p–value of &lt;0.001. The median durometer reading was 40 (IQR: 25–48) for study lesions and 19.5 (IQR: 12.75–29) for normal skin. An upward trend was seen for durometer measures of study lesions with increasing ST scores (see figure) image Conclusion: Among pediatric patients with LS the durometer serves as an objective measure of skin hardness, discriminating affected versus unaffected skin on the trunk and limbs. This tool may serve as a surrogate for ST, though further analysis is needed to examine its sensitivity to change over time. A larger study would be helpful to further correlate durometer ranges with ST scores.
272Pre-reperfusion metoprolol administration reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) through beta1-adrenergic receptor (b1AR) blockade in the circulating cells
Authors: J Garcia-Prieto, R Fernandez-Jimenez, V Sreeramkumar, I G Lunar, D Sanz-Rosa, V Zorita, G Pizarro, A Hidalgo, V Fuster, B Ibanez
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: We have shown that pre-reperfusion metoprolol reduces infarct size in humans (METOCARD-CNIC trial). Preclinical data suggest that this strategy reduces myocardial neutrophil infiltration. Here we evaluated the potential involvement of circulating cells in the cardioprotection afforded by metoprolol.
ABC of Urology: UROLOGICAL MALIGNANCY--1: PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: C. Dawson, H. Whitfield
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The symptoms and signs of prostate cancer are initially closely similar to those of benign prostatic hyperplasia—obstruction of the urethra by the malignant gland may lead to hesitancy, poor urinary flow, intermittent flow, post-micturition dribbling, and incomplete emptying. Secondary bladder instability may ensue and give rise to urinary frequency, nocturia, and urgency. #### Haemospermia The patient may also present with haematuria, typically reporting that the blood appears at the beginning of an otherwise clear urinary stream. Although this suggests a cause localised to the lower urinary tract, all such patients should be investigated and managed along the lines described for patients with haematuria (see next article in the series). #### Onset Investigations begin in the same way as for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia—a full history of the main symptoms, followed by a thorough clinical examination and digital rectal examination. There are few clinical signs in early prostate cancer, but digital rectal examination will often detect an early lesion. In prostate cancer either the normal smooth surface of the prostate may be replaced by a hard nodule or the gland itself may be enlarged, hard, and “craggy” to the touch. The normal midline sulcus may be lost. The serum prostate specific antigen level should be established. Normal ranges depend on the assay used. Normal ranges for prostate specific antigen
Cholera in the Americas
Authors: David L. Swerdlow
Journal: JAMA (1992)

UNTIL recently, cholera has been rare in the Americas. However, epidemic cholera appeared in Peru in January 1991 and spread rapidly through Latin America. In the first year of this epidemic, 17 cases of cholera that were associated with travel to Latin America were reported in the United States. More cases are likely to be seen. Although no spread from these imported cases has occurred, it is possible that some areas of the United States with poor sanitary conditions may be at risk for limited continued transmission of cholera. This article reviews the methods for recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of cholera. <h3>HISTORICAL BACKGROUND</h3> Six pandemics of cholera spread throughout the world before the 20th century, including three successive waves of epidemic cholera that affected the United States in the 19th century until the "sanitary revolution" brought the modernization of water and sewage systems.<sup>1</sup>The current seventh pandemic began in
Lung mechanics and dyspnea after lung transplantation for chronic airflow obstruction.
Authors: F J Martinez, J B Orens, R I Whyte, L Graf, F S Becker, J P Lynch
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Single lung transplantation (SLT) is widely used to treat chronic airflow obstruction (CAO). During exercise the native lung should increase end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and result in a different respiratory sensation compared with double lung transplantation (DLT). Eight SLT recipients and 12 DLT recipients demonstrated a similar maximal work load and achieved VO2. VEmax/MVV was 67.2 +/- 4.0% in SLT recipients and 48.5 +/- 3.6% in DLT recipients (p = 0.003). All SLT recipients demonstrated an increase in EELV during exercise, which was seen in only three of 12 DLT recipients. The change in absolute EELV from rest to peak exercise was different between SLT recipients (+0.37 +/- 0.10 L) and DLT recipients (-0.10 +/- 0.06, p = 0.0002). Tidal flow volume loop analysis demonstrated encroachment of the expiratory limb in four of seven SLT patients but in only one of 12 DLT recipients. A lesser peak breathlessness in DLT recipients approached statistical significance (p = 0.051), although the relation of respiratory sensation versus VE or VO2% predicted did not differ between the two groups. EELV increases in SLT recipients at peak exercise, although overall aerobic response is preserved and respiratory sensation is similar.
Gastroscopic evaluation of anti-inflammatory agents
Authors: I Caruso, G B. Porro
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Gastroscopy was performed in 164 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 85 with osteoarthritis (OA) to assess the effects of anti-inflammatory agents on the stomach. The main criterion for entry into the trial was the absence of active gastric lesions on pretreatment endoscopy. The patients were divided into groups to receive one of 12 anti-inflammatory drugs or combinations of these. Gastroscopy repeated at three to six and at 12 months disclosed gastric lesions in 78 cases (31%), patients in both disease categories being similarly affected. Lesions occurred in 41 of the 177 patients (23%) receiving a single drug and in 37 of the 72 (51%) receiving combined treatment. All the anti-inflammatory drugs caused gastric damage, the greatest offender being aspirin (13 out of 26 patients) and the least sulindac and diflunisal (two out of 19 (11%) and two out of 20 (10%) patients respectively). Corticosteroids caused gastric damage in only three out of 21 patients (14%), a lower incidence than expected.The indiscriminate prescribing of anti-inflammatory drugs to patients with OA is to be deplored. A lack of correlation between the patients' subjective complaints of gastric discomfort and the gastroscopic findings emphasises the unreliability of patients' complaints and the importance of gastroscopy in assessing gastric tolerance. It was not possible to assess minimal prescribing doses or minimum periods of treatment below which gastric damage may be guaranteed not to occur.
Microbes and Morals: The Strange Story of Venereal Disease
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Written primarily for the layman, this book can also hold considerable interest for the physician. It provides a discursive account of the venereal diseases (especially syphilis), including their history and their place in modern culture, all couched in nontechnical language. When technical terms are used, they receive ample definition and explanation. The book comprises four rather distinct sections, of which the first two will have substantial appeal for physicians as well as laymen. Dr. Rosebury takes up the fascinating question of the origin of syphilis. He completely rejects the view that Columbus brought this disease back with him from the New World and was thus responsible for introducing it into Europe where it then spread with explosive violence. Instead, he favors the view that syphilis in Europe can be traced back to Biblical times, and that much of so-called leprosy, during medieval and ancient times, was actually syphilis. He discusses
Letter: Treatment of status epilepticus with sodium valproate.
Authors: A R Manhire, M Espir
Journal: BMJ (1974)

tical solution.Mr. Illich foresees a cata- clylmic collapse of our present institutionalized values and Dr. Bradshaw envisages a similar end.One would like to think that this particular era of La condition humaine will end "not with a bang but with a sigh."There may be many small but vital pockets of hope and resistance standing out in the Western world.Let us hope that some of these have among their numtber "men of medicine."-Iam, etc.,
Specific Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Prevent Interferon-α–Induced Depression in Patients With Hepatitis C: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Hai–Yin Jiang, Min Deng, Yong–Hua Zhang, Hua–Zhong Chen, Qian Chen, Bing Ruan
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
Effects of Ranitidine on Blood Alcohol Levels After Ethanol Ingestion
Authors: Carlo DiPadova
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether the H<sub>2</sub>-receptor antagonist, ranitidine, which is a potent inhibitor of gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity in vitro, increases the bioavailability of orally administered ethanol (0.3 g/kg of body weight) and to compare the resulting blood alcohol concentrations with those of two other H<sub>2</sub>-antagonists, cimetidine and famotidine, the latter of which does not inhibit gastric alcohol dehydrogenase. <h3>Design.</h3> —For each of the H<sub>2</sub>-receptor antagonists, a different group of subjects was used. In each group, a paired design was adopted with each subject serving as his own control. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Hospital laboratory. <h3>Subjects.</h3> —Normal, healthy men aged 24 to 46 years. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Eight men were treated for 1 week with ranitidine (300 mg/d), six with cimetidine (1000 mg/d), and six with famotidine (40 mg/d). <h3>Measures.</h3> —Peak blood alcohol concentrations, areas under the blood alcohol curve, first-pass metabolism, and bioavailability of orally consumed ethanol. <h3>Results.</h3> —Relative to baseline, ranitidine increased the mean peak concentration and the area under the curve of blood alcohol concentrations by 34% (<i>P</i>&lt;.05) and 41% (<i>P</i>&lt;.01), respectively. First-pass metabolism of ethanol was decreased from 70±10 to 31±9 mg/kg of body weight, with a corresponding increase in ethanol bioavailability of 79.6% to 92.6%. By comparison, cimetidine had even a greater effect on blood alcohol levels, while famotidine had no significant effects. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Patients treated with ranitidine or cimetidine should be warned of possible functional impairments after consumption of amounts of ethanol considered safe in the absence of such therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:83-86)
Medical Management of Pancreatitis
Authors: Lloyd G. Bartholomew
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The proper treatment of pancreatitis depends upon accurate diagnosis. Acute pancreatitis is almost always a medical problem. Therapy aims to control pain, relieve shock, inhibit pancreatic secretory activity, prevent infection, and replace body fluids and electrolytes. Surgical intervention is reserved for such complications as pseudocyst and abscess formation and between attacks of acute pancreatitis. Recurrent severe abdominal pain and signs of pancreatic insufficiency are the major problems in chronic pancreatitis. No medical or surgical program is entirely satisfactory for the control of pain in chronic relapsing pancreatitis.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Northern Newfoundland and Labrador
Authors: Gordon W. Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

THE death rate from pulmonary tuberculosis has dropped sharply in the past few years. Health education, with increased hospital beds for the care of patients as well as modern pulmonary surgery and chemotherapy, has been responsible for reduction in mortality and morbidity, to the point where the rate in Canada has now dropped to 18 per 100,000 population.Newfoundland has the highest death rate for pulmonary tuberculosis of any province of Canada, and the disease is still the leading cause of death, with a recorded death rate for the province in 1953 of 46.8 per 100,000 population. High as this . . .