tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Probiotics and barrier function in colitis
Authors: P Gionchetti
Journal: Gut (2005)

Variability in detection of MAP by PCR (0-100% in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis tissues) 8 and serological testing 37 (6) No evidence of mycobacterial cell wall by histochemical staining (7) No worsening of Crohn's disease with immunosuppressive agents or HIV infection (8) No documented cell mediated immune responses to MAP in patients with Crohn's disease 20 (9) No therapeutic response to traditional antimycobacterial antibiotics 23 MAP, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; FISH, fluorescent in situ hybridisation; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.
Combined Transmission???Emission Imaging in Lymphoscintigraphy
Authors: JEFFREY H. WEST, JONATHAN C. SEYMOUR, WALTER E. DRANE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A modification of standard lymphoscintigraphic imaging is described that incorporates the use of a two-headed camera with flood source to provide combined whole-body transmission-emission images of lymphatic drainage in a patient with malignant melanoma. The most common imaging technique for lymphoscintigraphy uses single-head gamma cameras with or without skin markers. The authors performed both techniques on their patient, and believe that the modification may provide a clearer image for lymphoscintigraphic interpretation.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Effects of Sex on Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Cardiac Outcomes”
Authors: Venkatesh L. Murthy, Masanao Naya, Viviany R. Taqueti, Courtney R. Foster, Mariya Gaber, Jon Hainer, Sharmila Dorbala, Ron Blankstein, Ornella Rimoldi, Paolo G. Camici, Marcelo F. Di Carli
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Investigating asymptomatic invisible haematuria
Authors: B. Hole, T. Whittlestone, C. Tomson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

#### The bottom line

Urine dipstick testing shows 1+ haematuria in a 42 year old man registering as a new patient with a general practice. No proteinuria is detected. He has never seen blood in his urine, has no lower urinary tract symptoms, no symptoms to suggest kidney stones, and no systemic symptoms. He is an ex-smoker with no relevant medical, occupational, or family history, and he takes no prescribed or over the counter drugs or supplements. His blood pressure is 136/88 mm Hg. Physical examination is unremarkable. Serum creatinine is 95 μmol/L, giving an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 80 mL/min/1.73m2.

The convenience of multistix testing has resulted in inadvertent screening for asymptomatic invisible haematuria. Population screening is considered justified in Japan,1 but no other country has a national programme, because the risks and costs outweigh any potential benefit. Once asymptomatic invisible haematuria is detected, guidelines in the United Kingdom and United States recommend …
The Androgen Receptor Induces a Distinct Transcriptional Program in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in Man
Authors: Naomi L. Sharma, Charlie E. Massie, Antonio Ramos-Montoya, Vincent Zecchini, Helen E. Scott, Alastair D. Lamb, Stewart MacArthur, Rory Stark, Anne Y. Warren, Ian G. Mills, David E. Neal
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
Heart Disease in Infancy and Childhood
Authors: Donald C. Fyler
Journal: JAMA (1967)

An interval of eight years separates the first and second editions of this book. There are over 300 additional pages in the new edition, primarily a consequence of updating most chapters. There are five new chapters; several have been totally redone, and the illustrations are improved. The book is well organized; the format is that of the usual clinical textbook. The subject material is appropriate although a few minor sections are of debatable significance. The exposition is uniformly clear; the writing, multi-authored, is "modern medical" in style. The bibliography is comprehensive. The most notable additions are the chapters on dextrocardia, single ventricle and chamber localization by R. Van Praagh. These represent an attempt to clarify inversions, transpositions, and single ventricles. The result is the most understandable discussion of these topics presently available. The effort put into the clear presentation of these difficult topics is appreciated. The chapter with the greatest
Ampicillin in the Treatment of Chronic Typhoid Carriers
Authors: Harold J. Simon, Raymond C. Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE only known reservoir of Salmonella typhosa is the human patient or carrier.1 Some 500 to 2000 cases of typhoid fever have occurred annually in the United States over the past ten years,2 , 3 approximately 3 per cent in patients destined to become chronic carriers.1 A significant fraction of acute cases is traced to domestic infection derived from chronic fecal carriers. The sources of infection for the bulk of the remainder are never identified but are almost certainly contamination of comestibles by ambulatory patients or carriers.In 1962 Tynes and Utz4 reported that approximately 3600 chronic carriers of S. typhosa were . . .
Clinical observation of spontaneous anginal attacks and multivessel spasm in variant angina pectoris with normal coronary arteries: Evaluation by 24-hour 12-lead electrocardiography with computer analysis
Authors: Haruhiko Onaka, Yuzo Hirota, Satoshi Shimada, Yoshio Kita, Yasuhiko Sakai, Yoshihide Kawakami, Shuji Suzuki, Keishiro Kawamura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Roentgen Diagnosis of the Craniovertebral Region
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The lesson to be learned from this detailed atlas is the mutual interdependence of clinician and radiologist. Founder of the Strasbourg school of neuroradiology, Wackenheim had early training in neurology and psychiatry. He emphasizes the possibility of providing reasons for subjective complaints without neurological signs, using plain films, contrast studies, and, above all, tomograms. These last, he says, are too important to be left to the technician but require intimate supervision by the neuroradiologist (who may order views in flexion, extension, and rotation). They permit demonstration of subluxations and ligamentous disorders, often in relationship to the gross appearance of the patient (short neck, hypermobile neck, cranial and facial asymmetry, torticollis). Rheumatology, traumatology, congenital variations, and above all, neurosurgical lesions are the principal reasons for investigation of the area roughly encompassing the region between the axis and the fourth ventricle. Congenital anomalies and normal variations become obviously important in evaluation, and
Who Is Now Responsible for Discovering and Warning About Adverse Effects of Generic Drugs?
Authors: Aaron S. Kesselheim, Michael D. Green, Jerry Avorn
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kidney Stones: Medical and Surgical Management
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<i>Kidney Stones</i>is an elegant book of over 1100 pages about an ancient disease, which was already known to Hippocrates. Montaigne thought stone disease was "a noble and dignified malady [that] attacked the great for preference." Samuel Pepys suffered from recurrent urinary calculi, and so may have Sir Walter Scott when he gloomily predicted that his making blood might soon lead to making earth. Also afflicted was Napoleon III, dying of uremia just over a century ago. Today we know much more about this disease that affects 12% to 20% of American men and, 5% to 10% of women during their lifetimes. Most of this knowledge is well covered in this book's 51 readable chapters, authoritatively written and well illustrated. "... considering the physical characteristics of urine, it is surprising that kidney stones do not occur more often." Obviously few clinicians require such a large book to competently manage kidney stones.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Authors: Robert M. Hardaway
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The first two sentences in<i>The Year Book of Surgery, 1973</i>state: "Disseminated intravascular coagulation remains a concern in a variety of disorders of interest to surgeons. It is now appreciated that heparin is no longer to be regarded as primary therapy and correction of the initiating disorder should be emphasized."<sup>1</sup>On page 21 of the same book, it is stated: "The major champion of the use of heparin, Dr. Hardaway, has recently tempered his enthusiasm." On page 51, a study reports that coagulation changes were not seen in hemorrhagic shock in baboons. Again, on page 59, a study reports that while coagulation changes do not occur in hemorrhagic shock in baboons, they do occur in baboons as a result of bacteremia. While it is gratifying to hear that disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is now recognized as "a concern in a variety of disorders of interest
THE PASSIVE TRANSFER OF ACQUIRED RESISTANCE TO LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES
Authors: K. Miki, G. B. Mackaness
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Five methods have been used in an effort to reveal an antibody that could account for the features of acquired resistance to Listeria monocytogenes: (a) a comparison of the growth rates of Listeria in the spleens of mice infused repeatedly with normal or immune mouse serum; (b) measurement of peritoneal clearance of Listeria in the presence of normal or immune mouse serum; (c) the survival rate of Listeria in monolayers of mouse macrophages infected in the presence of normal or immune mouse serum; (d) the effect of injecting urea extracts of spleens and peritoneal macrophages of normal or immune mice on the survival and growth of Listeria in recipient animals; (e) a comparison of survival rates in lethally infected mice following the passive transfer of cells and serum from normal or immune donors. The only evidence of passive protection was obtained when intact living cells from immune donors were used for transfer under conditions which permitted them to interact with the parasite population.
THE CONTROL AND PREVENTION OF EAR DISEASES AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN.
Authors: LOUIS J. LAUTENBACH
Journal: JAMA (1900)

History shows that it is difficult to develop equitably the mental and physical nature of human beings, and that periods noted for great bodily vigor are often deficient in corresponding mental growth. Even now, with added wisdom as to their co-relation, and the best intentions, undue stress is too often laid on one or the other. So in the recent past the mental condition of the child has received the bulk of the attention of educators and it has remained for the past decade to bring into prominence the fact that mental health and activity is not an independent entity, but is inextricably connected with the physical condition. To-day physical examinations are instituted in nearly all our colleges, in most of our preparatory schools and in many advanced private as well as public schools. Perhaps no physical function lends itself more to mental activity than acute hearing. Whether in the
Fatalities From Blood Transfusion
Authors: Byron A. Myhre
Journal: JAMA (1980)

From April 3, 1976, to Dec 31, 1979, one hundred thirteen fatalities were reported to the Food and Drug Administration as a sequela of the transfusion of blood or blood products. Thirty-three fatalities were due to posttransfusion hepatitis, and three involved plasmapheresis or leukopheresis donors. The remaining 77 cases were of three categories: 47 cases (61%) were due to "clerical errors" such as drawing the wrong blood specimen of giving the wrong unit of blood to the patient; eight cases consisted of genuine errors that occurred in the laboratory; and 22 cases were due to miscellaneous problems, most of which were unpreventable.
Documentation of Continuing Medical Education An Idea Whose Time Has Come
Authors: Clarke W. Mangun
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Regular readers of<i>JAMA</i>editorials may recognize the above title from an editorial that appeared in the Aug 14, 1972, issue. That editorial summarized the development and present status of programs sponsored by state medical associations and medical specialty societies for the documentation and certification of continuing medical education activities carried out by physicians. Both voluntary and required programs were mentioned. In addition, it was pointed out that three state boards of medical examiners have authority to require evidence of continuing medical education as a condition for the reregistration of the license to practice medicine. This editorial presents information on recent developments and again calls attention to the American Medical Association Physician's Recognition Award as a means of documenting continuing medical education that can serve all the profession. Six state medical associations have made policy decisions that will in effect require continuing medical education as a condition of membership—Oregon, Arizona,
Combination of CK20 and Ki-67 Immunostaining Analysis Predicts Recurrence, Progression, and Cancer-Specific Survival in pT1 Urothelial Bladder Cancer
Authors: Simone Bertz, Wolfgang Otto, Stefan Denzinger, Wolf F. Wieland, Maximilian Burger, Robert Stöhr, Stefan Link, Ferdinand Hofstädter, Arndt Hartmann
Journal: European Urology (2012)
THE PREVALENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CORONARY DISEASE AMONG HIGH-RISK PATIENTS WITH SEVERE SYMPTOMATIC AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Itsik Ben-Dor, Augusto D. Pichard, Lowell F. Satler, Kohei Wakabayashi, Yanlin Li, Asmir I. Syed, Gabriel Maluenda, Manuel A. Gonzalez, Sara D. Collins, Cedric Delhaye, Michael A. Gaglia, Rebecca Torguson, Petros Okubagzi, Zhenyi Xue, William O. Suddath, Kenneth M. Kent, Joseph Lindsay, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Control of massive cardiac haemorrhage by balloon catheter
Authors: P. Dube
Journal: Thorax (1973)

The use of a balloon catheter to achieve the control of haemorrhage from the chambers of the heart has not been described previously. A case is reported in which this method was used in an emergency situation. It has been tested successfully, as a planned procedure, during four closed mitral valvotomy operations. Balloon catheters have been used in vascular surgery for some time. Taylor and Williams (1962) used a Foley9s catheter to prevent haemorrhage from an arteriovenous fistula at the time of its repair. Fogarty <i>et al.</i> (1963) described the use of Fogarty9s catheter during extraction of arterial emboli and thrombi. Control of hepatic venous bleeding by placing a balloon catheter in the inferior vena cava in seven dogs was described by Doty and Berman (1970), and Foster, Morgan, and Threlkel (1971) used balloon catheters to achieve proximal control of the abdominal aorta. Thomas (1971) described the use of Fogarty catheters and Bakes common bile duct dilators to control bleeding during operation in complicated peripheral vascular lesions. Arbulu and Thomas (1972) reported a case of a gunshot wound in which haemorrhage from the inferior vena cava close to the heart was controlled by using a Foley9s catheter.
Jack Kevorkian: a medical hero
Authors: J. Roberts, C. Kjellstrand
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The hero “is a man of action rather than thought and lives by a personal code of honour that admits of no qualification. His responses are usually instinctive, predictable, and inevitable. He accepts challenge and sometimes even courts disaster.”

Last month, Dr Jack Kevorkian walked out of a Michigan courthouse, probably free at last from the lawsuits he has brought on himself over the past six years. Dr Kevorkian has admitted to assisting in the suicides of 28 people since 1990. And despite the best efforts of the legislature and the court of his state of Michigan, he has apparently won his crusade.

Some, including the American Medical Association, question his goal of legitimising physician assisted suicide. Some of his “patients” have not had what would be called terminal disease. Among them have been sufferers of multiple sclerosis, chronic pelvic pain, emphysema, and motor neurone disease. The one thing they all shared was a sense of suffering that was so bad that they felt they had no choice but to end their own lives. And so far, not one of their relatives has had anything but praise for Dr …
Aortic Sclerosis — A Window to the Coronary Arteries?
Authors: Blase A. Carabello
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

In a provocative study in this issue of the Journal, Otto and colleagues report that aortic sclerosis, a condition without obvious hemodynamic consequences, was associated with an increased risk of death from any cause and from cardiovascular causes.1 Although aortic sclerosis tended to be present in conjunction with other factors known to be associated with coronary disease and death from cardiovascular causes, the risk remained elevated after adjustment for these factors. What makes these data remarkable is the fact that this condition has been well known for decades and yet has generally been considered benign. The guidelines on valvular heart . . .
A practical guide to informed consent to treatment
Authors: A. D Oxman, I. Chalmers, D. L Sackett
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A year ago BMJ Publications released a 350 page tome that many people will regard as the last word on informed consent to treatment.1 What is missing from this otherwise comprehensive compendium is a practical guide for clinicians at the coalface. In an effort to overcome this deficit we have generated a menu of alternative styles of informed consent. The first five options relate to consent for treatment within randomised controlled trials, and the final six are options for use in routine clinical practice. We are confident that our menu will help frontline clinicians and patients in practice. It may also help medical ethicists in theory.

#### Summary points

Many alternative styles of informed consent to treatment exist, along with much theory, a few principles, and different standards of consent within and outside randomised trials, but concise practical advice about the available alternatives is not readily accessible

We have assembled a menu of options to help frontline clinicians and patients to select whichever form of consent meets their particular needs and circumstances

### Human sacrifice randomised controlled trial consent

“The research ethics committee that approved this trial on your behalf would like you to know that future generations might (or might not) appreciate it if you would put your life at risk by joining this trial. Although we will keep your individual trial results confidential (especially if they run contrary to our hypothesis) and you are free to insist on conventional treatment or withdraw at any time, let's face it—you are a human guinea pig. The investigators responsible for the study may have conducted a systematic review of relevant previous studies to see whether one of the alternative treatments has already been shown to be superior, but this sort of evidence is beyond the interest and competency of our local research ethics committee, which is primarily interested in protecting …
KINETIC STUDIES OF HUMAN BRAIN TUMORS WITH POSITRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (PCT)
Authors: Randall A. Hawkina, Michael E. Phelps, Sung-cheng Huang, Joseph Wapenski, Allan W. Silberman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

We studied 9 patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors with PCT. All subjects had kinetic F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) studies. A modified version of the FDG model permitted estimates of the rate constants k1*, k2*, k3* and k4* as well as a fifth parameter representing cerebral blood volume (CBV). 6 subjects had CBF studies with 0–15 water, 4 subjects had CBV studies with 0–15 CO and 3 subjects had BBB kinetic studies the Ga-68 EDTA. Estimated values of CBV determined kinetically with FDG averaged 6.09 (± 1.35)cc/100gm in tumors compared to 7.47 (± 2.60)cc/100gm measured directly with 0–15 CO. The ratio of the relative CBV (determined kinetically with FDG versus directly with CO) in gray matter and tumors (compared to global values) averaged 1.02 (± 0.18) in these same 4 subjects. Simulation studies on the impact of CBV upon glucose metabolic rates (CMRG1c) determined with FDG indicated a larger overestimation of CMRG1c as CBV increased. The estimated CMRG1c determined with and without a CBV correction approached the same value in the actual patient studies as CBV decreased, in agreement with the simulation results. CBF and CMRG1c measurements together permitted calculation of net glucose extraction (GER). We found an inverse relationship between CBF and GER. Quantitative estimates of BBB permeability demonstrated no dramatic change in FDG rate constants as a function of BBB permeability changes. These studies indicate: 1) kinetic estimates of CBV in tumor and normal tissue is possible with FDG and 2) the relationships between CBF, GER and BBB permeability is quantifiable in human tumors with PCT.
Intense TI-201 Uptake in a “Cold” Bone Lesion due to Metastatic Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: R. A. VALDÉS OLMOS, C. A. HOEFNAGEL, C. C. DELPRAT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

VALDÉS OLMOS, R. A. M.D.; HOEFNAGEL, C. A. M.D., Ph.D.; DELPRAT, C. C. M.D. Author Information
Cancer of the Breast Early Diagnosis
Authors: A. P. M. Forrest
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Breast cancer is the commonest cause of death from malignant disease in women.Therapeutic advances have done little to improve its mortality, and emphasis has recently been placed on the need for earlier diagnosis.In practical terms this means presymptomatic diagnosis, or the discovery of a cancer of the breast before it has become obvious to the patient.
Understanding MeSH for literature searches
Authors: S. J. Darmoni
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —The article by Drs Lowe and Barnett 1 is helpful in understanding and using the  vocabulary.  We read with particular interest the description of Publication Types and MeSH Subheadings. Unfortunately, the definition and the list of check tags are incomplete.  The definition of check tags should specify that this group of MESH terms is mandatory: for example, all citations dealing with the concept of pregnancy must be indexed with the corresponding check tag PREGNANCY, even if, in some cases, there is a more precise heading such as PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS or ABORTION.  Of the 10 check tags listed in Table 3 by Lowe and Barnett 1 that are check tags only, the exhaustive list of check tags must include the terms that are also headings (Table). This list was established with the  vocabulary file, which specifies in the Annotation field for each heading if it is