tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF AIR FLIGHT ON GAMES MISSED POST CONCUSSION IN NHL PLAYERS
Authors: D Milzman, J Altman, Z Hatoum, D Berman, A Neustadtl, K Pasternac, M Campbell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Concussions(mTBI) occur at variable reported rates of 1–4 per 100 player games in the NHL. Hypoxia exacerbates neuronal death following mild TBI in animals and Oxygen deprivation leads to greater mitochondrial dysfunction in concussed brains. This study will evaluate the impact of mild hypoxia associated with airline travel on duration of concussion symptoms in NHL players. Methods All NHL players with publicly reported concussions in 2010–11 through the 2012–13 (3) seasons were evaluated to determine the impact of air flight with pressurized cabins in the immediate 4–6 hour period following games in which the concussion occurred. This retrospective cohort study used publicly available post-game reports of concussion, next game played, and air distance traveled. Players with any associated injury were excluded. All available NHL and team reports were used to confirm travel night-of following an away game to either next stop of road trip (NHL) or home location and diagnosis of concussion and games missed. Only flights within 6 hours of end of game were included. Results 239 concussions occurred during the 3 study seasons of which 35 players were excluded for additional injuries or concussion lasted over the end of a season. 202/204 (99%) of NHL players with diagnosed concussions missed at least one game with a mean 9.2 games (SD +/- 9.6) missed. Those players that flew after suffering an mTBI missed 32.9% more games with: 10.5 (95% CI: 2.5–17.7) missed games and 26.5 days for those 99 NHL'ers (95% CI: 2.5–17.7) VS. 7.9 (95% CI: 0–16.5) games and 20.7 days for the 205 NHL'ers that did not fly; P&lt;.01. Odds Ratio to miss games post concussion after air travel to no air travel: 3.8:1. Discussion This initial report of an increased rate of recovery in terms of nearly 1/3 more games missed, for professional athletes flying commercial airlines due to likely increased concussion penumbra and lack of brain rest following mTBI. Future studies should evaluate standard 48–72 hour post mTBI brain rest, without any air flight to abate the decreased oxygen tension suffered during pressurized cabin flight.
Meningococcal Infections in Children
Authors: Richard Koch, Merl J. Carson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE clinical evaluation of new antibacterial agents has resulted in varied recommendations for treatment of meningococcal infection.1 2 3 4 Clinical response to sulfonamides5 6 7 is superior to that with penicillin,8 9 10 11 12 13 and it has also been demonstrated that chloramphenicol3 and the tetracyclines14 are effective against this organism. In addition to antibacterial agents various supportive measures such as vasopressor agents and steroids are thought to be of value. Case reports2 suggest that a number of patients with the Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome have survived because of their use. With these facts in mind all records of patients with meningococcal infection admitted to the Los Angeles Children's Hospital . . .
Photothermal tumor ablation in mice with repeated therapy sessions using NIR-absorbing micellar hydrogels formed in situ
Authors: Chun-Wen Hsiao, Er-Yuan Chuang, Hsin-Lung Chen, Dehui Wan, Chiranjeevi Korupalli, Zi-Xian Liao, Ya-Ling Chiu, Wei-Tso Chia, Kun-Ju Lin, Hsing-Wen Sung
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Different hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 3 (Ns3)-DNA[ndash ]expressing vaccines induce in HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice stable cytotoxic T lymphocytes that target one major epitope
Authors: Carine Brinster, Stéphanie Muguet, Yu-Chun Lone, Delphine Boucreux, Nathalie Renard, Anne Fournillier, François Lemonnier, Geneviève Inchauspé
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

The immunogenicity of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) was investigated using different DNA-based strategies and a preclinical mouse model transgenic for the HLA-A2.1 molecule. Plasmids expressing NS3 either as a wild-type protein, as a fusion with murine lysosome-associated-membrane protein-1 specific sequences, or under the control of the Semliki Forest virus replicase were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. All plasmids were shown to express the expected size protein. These 3 NS3-expressing vaccines induced overall comparable levels of CTLs when measured at different times postvaccination although mice injected with the NS3-LAMP expressing plasmid showed a particularly homogeneous and overall vigorous response (specific lysis ranged from 60% to 90 % for an E:T ratio of 33.3:1 with a mean CTL precursor frequency of 1:2.10 5 cells). Out of the four HLA-A2.1-restricted NS3 epitopes previously described in HCV infected patients (aa 1073-1081, aa 1406-1415; aa 1169-1177 and aa 1287-1296), the NS3-DNA generated CTLs were predominantly targeted at the aa 1073-1081 epitope. Peptide-based immunization showed that the mouse repertoire was intact for all epitopes tested except one (aa 1287-1296). In conclusion, the 3 NS3-DNA vaccines although based on different mode of action, shared a comparable efficacy at inducing CTL. Surprisingly, the breadth of such response was restricted to a single, major epitope.
Market testing and privatisation of clinical services
Authors: P F Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - As a consultant pathologist and director of a large pathology laboratory in a district general hospital I am becoming increasingly concerned over the apparent lack of professional support that the BMA and the royal colleges offer their members when their livelihood and standards of practice are threatened by market testing. Pathologists are well aware of the controversy over pathology services at the Lister Hospital (see p 741) and elsewhere.1 We see ourselves in the …
Responsibility of the Scientist
Authors: J. T. Ingram
Journal: BMJ (1971)

from several laboratories and the method of Prince.4 484 (6-05%) of the donors were carriers of Au(I), while 13 (0.16%) had the antibody.There was a monthly variation in the prevalence of Au(I) antigenaemia, varying from 3-8% in May to 10-1% in April (see Table ).There was no correlation between the Au(l) carrier state and ABO blood group or haemoglobin genotype.Au(I) was prevalent in all age groups but commonest in the second and third decades.Among 423 school children aged between 4 and 20 years who lived in two boarding houses in Ibadan Au(I) was present in 29 (6.7%) and the antibody in 1 (0 24%).There were 208 girls and 215 boys in the study population; 11 (5.3%) of the girls and 18 (8 4%) of the boys had the antigen.The only student with anti- body was a 17-year-old girl.
The Lead-Exposed Worker
Authors: David Rempel
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The lead standard established by the federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration in 1978 requires physicians and employers to follow very specific guidelines when treating lead-exposed workers. For example, if a worker's blood lead level is 2.90 μmol/L of whole blood or greater, the worker must be removed from work, with full pay and retention of seniority, until the blood level falls below 1.95 μmol/L. Physicians play a key role in the implementation of the lead standard; the standard specifies frequency of blood lead measurements, frequency and extent of medical monitoring, and medical removal from work. This article reviews the lead standard as it applies to physicians and makes recommendations about managing the worker with lead poisoning. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:532-534)
Your Health in the Information Age: How You and Your Doctor Can Use the Internet to Work Together
Authors: Stanley W. Borg
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pseudoallergic reactions in chronic urticaria are associated with altered gastroduodenal permeability
Authors: S. Buhner, I. Reese, F. Kuehl, H. Lochs, T. Zuberbier
Journal: Allergy (2004)

In a subgroup of patients with chronic urticaria (CU) the disease is caused by pseudoallergic reactions to food. The aim of this study was to investigate whether disturbances of the gastrointestinal barrier function play a role in the pathomechanism of the disease.In 55 patients with CU gastrointestinal permeability was measured with an in vivo triple-sugar-test before and after 24 days of a diet low in pseudoallergens. Sucrose served as marker for gastroduodenal permeability, lactulose/mannitol ratio for intestinal permeability.Basal gastroduodenal and intestinal permeability were significantly higher in patients with urticaria as compared to controls. In 29 of the 55 patients skin symptoms decreased or completely disappeared during the diet (responders). Compared to nonresponders (n = 26), responders had a significantly higher gastroduodenal permeability before treatment (0.36 +/- 0.04 vs 0.15 +/- 0.01% sucrose; P < 0.001), which decreased after the diet (0.17 +/- 0.02; P < 0.001). The number of patients with Helicobacter pylori infections did not differ between the two groups.The results indicate that in a subgroup of patients with CU and pseudoallergy an impaired gastroduodenal barrier function may be of pathophysiological importance. The underlying mechanisms seem to be independent of H. pylori infection.
TCTAP A-102 A Comparison Between Contrast Assisted Carbon Dioxide Digital Subtraction and Pure Carbon Dioxide Digital Subtraction Angiography in Endovascular Therapy: A Sub-study of the CO2 Angiography Registry (a Prospective Multicenter Trial)
Authors: Ryota Fukuoka, Yoshiaki Shintani, Masahiko Fujihara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Managing osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: Roger Chalmers
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Developing primary palliative care Continuity of care is paramount but needs to be tailored individuallyEditor-Riley suggests that completion of a form detailing palliative care management should be mandatory for general practitioners. 1 I have spent a great deal of time promoting palliative medicine in primary care, with variable success.Much depends on the individual practitioner's experience and interest, which probably accounts for the variable success of handover forms to communicate with out of hours services.Making this a compulsory part of general practice might bring all practice to the same level.But the initial answer to the question, "Would I be surprised if my patient died in the next 12 months?"would then make the difference.Cynical practitioners would probably answer no for nearly all of their patients, for the longer you practise the less often you are surprised.But, in truth, for many patients in general practice the answer to this question would be no: many elderly patients who live in nursing or residential homes, nearly all patients with chronic disease, including heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neurological disease, and so on.The workload in handing these patients over to the out of hours service would be huge, more so for the out of hours service than the individual practice.Continuity of care for patients who most need it is paramount, including all those with chronic disease.However, more sophisticated systems are needed to meet patient needs: perhaps different systems for different diseases, possibly different systems for each stage of a disease.Whatever the system, it must meet the needs of the individual patient.This entails dialogue between primary care (including out of hours), secondary care, and tertiary care to thrash out the detail.
Ursodeoxycholic acid protects against secondary biliary cirrhosis in rats by preventing mitochondrial oxidative stress
Authors: Gaetano Serviddio, Javier Pereda, Federico V. Pallardó, Julian Carretero, Consuelo Borras, Juan Cutrin, Gianluigi Vendemiale, Giuseppe Poli, José Viña, Juan Sastre
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) improves clinical and biochemical indices in primary biliary cirrhosis and prolongs survival free of liver transplantation. Recently, it was suggested that the cytoprotective mechanisms of UDCA may be mediated by protection against oxidative stress, which is involved in the development of cirrhosis induced by chronic cholestasis. The aims of the current study were 1) to identify the mechanisms involved in glutathione depletion, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial impairment during biliary cirrhosis induced by chronic cholestasis in rats; and 2) to determine the mechanisms associated with the protective effects of UDCA against secondary biliary cirrhosis. The findings of the current study indicate that UDCA partially prevents hepatic and mitochondrial glutathione depletion and oxidation resulting from chronic cholestasis. Impairment of biliary excretion was accompanied by decreased steady-state hepatic levels of γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase and γ-cystathionase messenger RNAs. UDCA treatment led to up-regulation of γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase in animals with secondary biliary cirrhosis and prevented the marked increases in mitochondrial peroxide production and hydroxynonenal-protein adduct production that are observed during chronic cholestasis. A population of damaged and primarily apoptotic hepatocytes characterized by dramatic decreases in mitochondrial cardiolipin levels and membrane potential as well as phosphatidylserine exposure evolves in secondary biliary cirrhosis. UDCA treatment prevents the growth of this population along with the decreases in mitochondrial cardiolipin levels and membrane potential that are induced by chronic cholestasis. In conclusion, UDCA treatment enhances the antioxidant defense mediated by glutathione; in doing so, this treatment prevents cardiolipin depletion and cell injury in animals with secondary biliary cirrhosis. (Hepatology 2004;39:711-720)
Fracture Dislocation of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint of the Finger
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>Case 1</h3> Dr. Mohinder A. Mital: The first case is that of a 23-year-old college student whose complaint was of stiffness in the right third finger. Four weeks before admission to the Massachusetts General Hospital, he received a hyperextension injury to this finger while catching a football. Late that night he went to the emergency room of a local hospital. A physician was not in the hospital and the medical personnel on duty underestimated the extent of the injury. Because of persistent pain, marked limitation of motion, and swelling, he sought advice from his doctor. Roentgenograms were taken which showed a fracture of the middle phalanx with dorsal subluxation of the middle phalanx at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. The subluxation could not be reduced. The patient was then referred to an attending surgeon at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Physical examination revealed an obese young man who weighed 106.7 kg
Outcome of childhood asthma in mid-adult life
Authors: H. Oswald, P. D Phelan, A. Lanigan, M. Hibbert, G. Bowes, A. Olinsky
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A prospective 28 year follow up of 7 year old children with wheezing and asthma began in 1963 in Melbourne, Australia.1 2 We aimed to describe the outcome of childhood asthma at 35 and the changes since the last review, at 28.3

The children who were selected at 7, on the basis of parents’ responses to a questionnaire, had been classified in terms of wheeze as those who had never wheezed (controls) (n = 106); those with fewer than five episodes associated with apparent respiratory infection (mild wheezy bronchitis) (n = 75); those with five or more episodes associated with an apparent respiratory infection (wheezy bronchitis) (n = 107); and those with wheezing not associated with respiratory infection (asthma) (n = 113). A fifth group of children, with severe asthma (n = 79), was selected at age …
Abstract 2781: Champions TumorGraft™ models possess PIK3CA mutations - A great tool to explore the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Authors: Tin Oo Khor, Dhanrajan Tiruchinapalli, Jay Friedman, Nathan Anderson, David Sidransky, Elizabeth M. Bruckheimer
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is an important intracellular signal transducer that is involved in many cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. PI3K is a heterodimeric molecule composed of a regulatory and a catalytic subunit. PIK3CA, which encodes the p110α catalytic subunit, is often mutated in a range of human cancers, such as colorectal and non-small-cell lung cancers. Increasing our understanding of the biological implications of these mutations and the role of PI3K pathway in cancer proliferation or survival may lead to potential new therapeutic opportunities targeting PI3K signaling. Champions Oncology focuses on the development of TumorGraft models derived from the direct implantation of patient tumors into immunocompromised mice. Compared to traditional cell line-based xenograft models, the patient derived Champions TumorGraft™ models maintain stable gene-expression patterns and mutational status and correlate to clinical predictability. Through extensively characterization, Champions has identified 19 TumorGraft models with PIK3CA mutations. Out of these 19 models, there are 11 colorectal cancers, 3 non-small cell lung cancers, 3 pancreatic cancers, 1 gastric cancer and 1 melanoma. Genomics analyses using the Ampliseq platform identified the majority of PIK3CA mutations in exon 9 and 20. Mutations in these regions of PIK3CA are known to confer resistance to some anti-cancer agents, such as HER2 antibodies. Additionally, it has been reported that PIK3CA mutations frequently coexist with RAS and BRAF mutations in patients with advanced cancers. Upon further analysis, we identified the same pattern in Champions TumorGraft models where∼70% (13 out of 19) of the PIK3CA mutant models possess either concurrent RAS or BRAF mutations. Notably, PI3K activates the downstream kinase AKT which ultimately triggers the mTOR pathway. Mutations in cancer often result in constitutive activation of this pathway. Given the role of the PI3K/AKT signaling in cancer and the presence of these specific mutations in the Champions TumorGraft bank, utilization of Champions’ TumorGraft models in oncology drug development allows for greater insight into new therapeutic opportunities targeting the inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling and offers new promise for patients with these activated pathways. Citation Format: Tin Oo Khor, Dhanrajan Tiruchinapalli, Jay Friedman, Nathan Anderson, David Sidransky, Elizabeth M. Bruckheimer. Champions TumorGraft™ models possess PIK3CA mutations - A great tool to explore the PI3K/AKT pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2781. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2781
Infectious Diseases: Current Topics
Authors: John Z. Montgomerie
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This book is a compilation of 18 articles presented at a symposium held in San Francisco in April 1978. In the main, the chapters are well written and include a mixture of original studies and in-depth reviews by experts in infectious diseases. The selection of the topics and their division into sections dealing with host defenses, pathogenesis of infection, clinical microbiology, patient management, antimicrobial therapy, and hospital epidemiology is somewhat arbitrary. It is difficult to define the place of this volume and its readership. Almost all the topics reviewed can be found elsewhere in the literature in recent years. Having these topics updated and collected together is of value for students and specialists in infectious diseases and clinical microbiology. The main virtue of the book may be that it initiates an annual series that may prove useful in keeping abreast of current topics in infectious diseases.
Physiology of the Nervous System: An Introductory Text
Authors: Charles M. Poser
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This standard textbook of neurophysiology has been popular with medical students and their professors for the past five or six years. It is clearly written, well organized, and adequately illustrated. Because of its relatively simple language, it is less frightening to the uninitiated than many such texts. While the new edition does bring certain areas up to date, there are some surprising deficiencies: for example, there is no mention of the new, almost revolutionary work relating to cerebellar stimulation and the control of epilepsy and spasticity; the chapter on the basal ganglia seems rather superficial in view of the incredible amount of investigative work that has been carried out during recent years. The new chapter on supportive elements of the CNS, especially those parts dealing with the cerebrospinal fluid and the bloodbrain and blood-CSF barriers is poor, with too many glib statements unaccompanied by evidence. Another regrettable error, among others,
Common and Distinct Genomic Events in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer and Diverse Cancer Types
Authors: Eric S. Martin, Giovanni Tonon, Raktim Sinha, Yonghong Xiao, Bin Feng, Alec C. Kimmelman, Alexei Protopopov, Elena Ivanova, Cameron Brennan, Kate Montgomery, Raju Kucherlapati, Gerald Bailey, Mark Redston, Lynda Chin, Ronald A. DePinho
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, and elucidation of its underlying genetics has advanced diagnostic screening, early detection, and treatment. Because CRC genomes are characterized by numerous non-random chromosomal structural alterations, we sought to delimit regions of recurrent amplifications and deletions in a collection of 42 primary specimens and 37 tumor cell lines derived from chromosomal instability neoplasia and microsatellite instability neoplasia CRC subtypes and to compare the pattern of genomic aberrations in CRC with those in other cancers. Application of oligomer-based array-comparative genome hybridization and custom analytic tools identified 50 minimal common regions (MCRs) of copy number alterations, 28 amplifications, and 22 deletions. Fifteen were highly recurrent and focal (&amp;lt;12 genes) MCRs, five of them harboring known CRC genes including EGFR and MYC with the remaining 10 containing a total of 65 resident genes with established links to cancer. Furthermore, comparisons of these delimited genomic profiles revealed that 22 of the 50 CRC MCRs are also present in lung cancer, glioblastoma, and/or multiple myeloma. Among 22 shared MCRs, nine do not contain genes previously shown genetically altered in cancer, whereas the remaining 13 harbor 35 known cancer genes, of which only 14 have been linked to CRC pathogenesis. Together, these observations point to the existence of many yet-to-be discovered cancer genes driving CRC development, as well as other human cancers, and show the utility of high-resolution copy number analysis in the identification of genetic events common and specific to the development of various tumor types. [Cancer Res 2007;67(22):10736–43]