tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The use of biomarkers to assess the response of cartilage to exercise
Authors: T Savage, A Niehoff, L Brüggemann, M Müller, F Zaucke, F Eckstein, U Müller-Lung, G-P Brüggemann
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative disease of all joint structures, affecting over 50% of the population over the age of 65 in the US. Joint injury, a common outcome of sport participation, and high impact loading, such as that experienced in landing and running, are associated with an increased risk of cartilage degeneration and OA development. However, joint loading is also important to cartilage matrix health. The relationship between mechanical loading and joint degeneration is not clear. Objective To investigate the response of biological markers of cartilage metabolism to moderate cyclical and high impact loading activities. Design Comparative cohort study. Setting High level athletes. Participants 10 impact athletes (five women and five men) and 14 adult non-athletic controls (seven women and seven men). Interventions Data were collected and compared between three experimental conditions: complete rest; moderate cyclical loading (slow jog); and high impact loading (landing). The duration of intervention was 30 min and subjects were supervised throughout the intervention. Main outcome measurements Blood samples were collected from each subject at baseline and 30, 60, 120 and 240 min after three interventions. Blood samples were allowed to clot, centrifuged to separate the serum and aliquots were stored at −80° until testing. Serum concentrations of glucosaminoglycans, C-propeptide of collagen II (CP2), cleavage of collagen II (C2C) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) were evaluated using commercially available Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay kits. Results A significant change in serum biomarker concentration in response to the loading intervention was observed for COMP. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that serum CP2 and C2C concentrations were not influenced by the loading interventions at the analysed time points. However, COMP increased immediately after the loading interventions. Future studies should investigate the role of biomarkers as a diagnostic tool for evidence based workload assessment.
Neurological Aspects of Auditory and Vestibular Disorders
Authors: Earl R. Feringa
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The Houston Neurological Society brought together scientists engaged in basic research and clinicians concerned with auditory and vestibular diseases. Most of the new information contained in the volume is to be found in the basic science contributions.  The auditory section contains a description of the relationships of the organ of Corti and its ascending and descending connections. Dr. Rasmussen details the efferent connections using newer histologic techniques. Physiological measurements of peripheral and central hearing, the localization of sound in space, the effects of conditioning on auditory signals, and tests which can be used to evaluate the central integration of received auditory stimuli are discussed.  The anatomic features of the vestibular nucleus, its laminations, its topographic anatomy, and its connections are outlined by Dr. Brodal. Dr. Carpenter, by clinical evaluation of animals with lesions in the cranial nerve nuclei, sheds light on the confusing posterior and anterior internuclear ophthalmoplegias and gaze
E-selectin receptors on human leukocytes
Authors: Leonardo Nimrichter, Monica M. Burdick, Kazuhiro Aoki, Wouter Laroy, Mark A. Fierro, Sherry A. Hudson, Christopher E. Von Seggern, Robert J. Cotter, Bruce S. Bochner, Michael Tiemeyer, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Ronald L. Schnaar
Journal: Blood (2008)
Race and Access to Erythropoietin by Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: John H. Sadler
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We disagree with the conclusion by Mr Petronis et al<sup>1</sup>that Medicare claims data have a 25% "estimated margin of error" in the administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). The authors considered a group of patients who had records of rHuEPO use in a database abstracted from medical records, the Case Mix/Adequacy Study (CM/AS). They found that 25% of this group did not have corresponding records of rHuEPO use in Medicare's Program Management and Medical Information System (PMMIS), which is based on providers' billing records. The authors' findings are problematic because, among other things, they (1) matched patients' records from different time periods, (2) used incomplete PMMIS files, (3) used a baseline measure that was not validated against its original source, and (4) did not fully account for the effect of Medicare Secondary Payer (MSP) provisions. The Table illustrates how Petronis et al matched patient records
Trimalleolar Fracture of Ankle
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Dr. E. T. Wyman, Jr.: A 46-year-old housewife fell 5 feet from a ladder, catching her left ankle in the ladder as she fell. Because of continuing pain and inability to walk, the patient was brought to the emergency ward of the Massachusetts General Hospital 11 hours later. A work-up revealed her to be an extremely dependent and worried woman who was in good general health. Her injuries were limited to her left ankle which was severely swollen; lateral displacement of the foot was apparent. The skin was in good condition except for edema, and there was no motor, sensory, or circulatory deficit in the foot. Dr. O. E. Aufranc: I would like to ask Dr. William Kermond to discuss the management of this fracture. <h3>Discussion of Management</h3> Dr. W. L. Kermond: A review of the roentgenogram, in conjunction with the patient's history, indicates this fracture resulted from a forced
THE TREATMENT OF GONORRHEAL INFECTIONS BY A SPECIFIC ANTISERUM.
Authors: JOHN ROGERS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In previous communications<sup>1</sup>we described briefly an antigonococcic serum which had been found efficacious in the treatment of some cases of gonorrheal arthritis. The results were so promising that it seemed advisable to give the serum a more thorough test in these cases and also on patients suffering with other forms of gonorrheal infection. The wider experience thusgained has confirmed our earlier conclusions and seems to justify us in the opinion that this serum exercises a specific curative influence on a high percentage of cases of certain forms of infection by the gonococcus. So far as we have been able to determine in a review of the literature, this method of treatment had not been employed previous to our preliminary communication. <h3>PREPARATION OF THE SERUM.</h3> At the beginning of these experiments it was considered possible that an antigonococcic serum, to be effective, should exercise some antitoxic influence. Accordingly, as
Methotrexate in steroid‐dependent asthma: long‐term results
Authors: R. J. Shiner, I. Katz, T. Shulimzon, P. Silkoff, S. Benzaray
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Treatment of 21 steroid-dependent asthmatic patients with methotrexate (MTX) 15 mg/week was prospectively evaluated for a mean of 14.7 (SD 3.7) months. Before MTX, therapy consisted of a mean prednisone dose of 16.6 (SD 9.2) mg, in addition to inhaled beclomethasone/budesonide (mean daily dose 1157 (SD 330) micrograms) and bronchodilators. Thirteen patients were weaned from all regular systemic steroid therapy, a 50% or more reduction was achieved in four patients, and a less than 50% reduction in four patients. Abnormal liver function tests were noted in six of the 21 patients; this resolved despite continuation of MTX in five. In one patient, MTX was stopped because of symptoms as well as a fivefold rise in serum transaminases, and a speedy resolution was noted. Gastrointestinal side-effects were reported in six patients but were resolved in five with intramuscular MTX. There were no hematologic or pulmonary complications. We conclude that MTX appears to be both safe and efficacious as a steroid-sparing agent in most steroid-dependent asthmatic patients when taken over a long period.
GANGRENE OF THE GALL BLADDER. RUPTURE OF THE COMMON BILE DUCT, WITH A NEW SIGN.
Authors: JOSEPH RANSOHOFF
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In 1879 I had the privilege of reporting my first gallstone operation to the American Medical Association. In the intervening years, the surgery of the gall bladder and bile ducts has been so far developed that individual case reports have no place in our overburdened literature, unless, as by their aggregated number, they add weight to some general principle involved in the choice of and time for operation, or throw light on the causes of death in seemingly simple cases. The two case reports, I submit, do not belong to either category, but their comparative rarity must serve as my excuse for presenting them. <h3>GANGRENE OF THE GALL BLADDER.</h3><h3>Patient.</h3> —A. B., male, aged 21, was admitted to the Jewish Hospital June 25, 1905. <h3>History.</h3> —The patient, whose father and mother are both living, has never, to his knowledge, been ill, except for a pneumonia four years before the onset
Increased serotoninergic and noradrenergic activity in hepatic encephalopathy in rats with thioacetamide—induced acute liver failure
Authors: Cihan Yurdaydin, Heide Hörtnagl, Petra Steindl, Christof Zimmermann, Christian Pifl, Ernst A. Singer, Erich Roth, Peter Ferenci
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Functional changes of various neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. In this study the role of brain monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems in hepatic encephalopathy was investigated in rats with thioacetamide-induced acute liver failure. Concentrations of serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline and of their metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, dihydroxyphenylalanine (following inhibition of dihydroxyphenylalanine-decarboxylase), dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-glycol, were measured in the cerebral cortex, striatum and hippocampus by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. In hepatic encephalopathy concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were increased in all three brain areas (196%, 204% and 264% of salinetreated controls, p &lt; 0.01), and concentrations of serotonin were increased in the frontal cortex (121%, p &lt; 0.01). In the frontal cortex and hippocampus of encephalopathic rats dopamine levels were increased (157% and 289%, p &lt; 0.05), and levels of noradrenaline (53% and 46%, p &lt; 0.05) were decreased associated with increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol levels (173% and 206%, p &lt; 0.05). The extent of these changes correlated with the stage of hepatic encephalopathy. In hepatic encephalopathy dihydroxyphenylalanine accumulation was increased in the hippocampus and unchanged in the cerebral cortex. Dopamine, noradrenaline, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid concentrations were unchanged in the striatum. The results of this study indicate that hepatic encephalopathy in thioacetamide-induced acute liver failure in rats is associated with neurochemical changes, suggesting an increased activity of the noradrenergic and serotoninergic neurotransmitter systems. (HEPATOLOGY 1990;12:695-700).
Multiple nuclear dots antinuclear antibodies (MND-ANA) of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) react with 78–92KD and 96–100KD proteins of nuclear bodies
Authors: M. Fusconi, F. Cassani, M. Govoni, A. Caselli, F. Farabegoli, G. Ballardini, M. Lenzi, D. Zauli, F.B. Bianchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1990)
Clinical judgment is important for individual patients
Authors: A. A Narula
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—Williams et al comment on the provision of private operations and make several sweeping statements.1 They question the efficacy of myringotomy and grommet insertion, and allege that some health authorities are refusing to fund them. The British Association of Otolaryngologists- Head and Neck Surgeons is not aware of any such purchasing decisions currently …
Intranasal lidocaine for treatment of migraine
Authors: M. L. Diamond
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —The suggested use of intranasal lidocaine 4% for the acute treatment of migraine is an interesting proposition that may offer hope as a useful analgesic option. However, the article by Dr Maizels and colleagues 1 did not clearly address the use and dosage of this medication. In high doses, lidocaine can cause significant morbidity, resulting in confusion, agitation, seizures, and cardiac dysrhythmias. Intranasal lidocaine can be absorbed systemically and could be potentially toxic if the patient uses the agent excessively. The risk for toxicity due to frequent use is underscored by the brief duration of action of lidocaine and the high recurrence rate of acute migraine. Also, the authors note the high relapse rate for headache early after treatment. Further studies are essential to determine safe and judicious prescription labeling of lidocaine for treatment of acute migraine.
Blood pressure reduction in elderly: a randomised controlled trial of methyldopa.
Authors: M E Sprackling, J R Mitchell, A H Short, G Watt
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A total of 123 out of 549 elderly residents of local authority welfare homes in Nottinghamshire were found at screening to have a standing or lying diastolic blood pressure of 100 mm Hg or more. These 123 subjects were randomly allocated to simple observation or to treatment with methyldopa. The cumulative mortality was similar in the observed and treated groups and in the normotensive group from which the subjects had been separated. Thus moderate hypertension, whether treated or not, was not a major risk predictor in the elderly population studied.
The Law and Human Experimentation
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

FOR many years, up to the 1960's, the law concerning human experimentation or clinical investigation was a "no-man's land." There were no legal decisions from the courts and no statutes federally or in the states concerned directly with the subject. With the vast expansion of medical research in this country after World War II, it seemed only a matter of time, however, before this situation would change. World War II itself had produced the Nuremberg Code on the use of human subjects in medical research and at least these 10 principles seemed likely to appear in the courts some day. . . .
Abstract 1133: Synthetic lethal screen identifies candidates that modulate cancer cell sensitivity in response to HSP90 inhibition.
Authors: Jennifer Howes, Bing-Feng Lu, Marissa Powers, Paul Clarke, Paul Workman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an important cancer therapeutic target. HSP90 chaperone activity maintains the conformation, stability and function of mutated variants and over-expressed oncogenic client proteins responsible for driving the proliferation of human cancer. To further increase the efficacy and specificity of HSP90 inhibitor treatment, cancer cell response to HSP90 inhibition can be modulated through the use of combinatorial therapeutics. An siRNA screen targeting 7,593 genes encoding proteins considered to be druggable was used to identify candidates that modulate the cellular response to HSP90 inhibition by 17-AAG. This approach may provide information on the potential mechanisms of cancer cell resistance, allow selection of responsive patient populations based on the identification of novel biomarkers, and potentially provide targets for combinatorial therapy. Screening produced robust data with an average plate z-factor of 0.6 and results were validated with an alternative chemotype of HSP90 inhibitor. As anticipated, significant sensitisation to HSP90 inhibition was observed with HSF1 depletion, and conversely resistance was observed with NQO1 depletion. Sensitisation candidates were the main focus of analysis as they potentially represent the more amenable drug targets. There was an enrichment of mitochondrial constituents, cell cycle regulators and post-translational protein modifiers that when depleted produced significant sensitisation to HSP90 inhibitors in human carcinoma cells. Future work aims to reveal the molecular mechanisms underpinning the sensitisation phenotypes observed and to identify points of intervention for clinical combinatorial therapy with HSP90 inhibitors. Citation Format: Jennifer Howes, Bing-Feng Lu, Marissa Powers, Paul Clarke, Paul Workman. Synthetic lethal screen identifies candidates that modulate cancer cell sensitivity in response to HSP90 inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1133. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1133
Somatostatin (SMT) reduces urinary prostaglandin (PG) excretion and impairs renal function in cirrhosis with ascites
Authors: A. Ginès, JM. Salmerón, P. Ginés, J. Clr̀ia, W. Jiménez, C. Piera, J. Bosch, V. Arroyo, J. Rodés
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Regional alterations of left ventricular contraction and inotropic reserve in conscious dogs with heart failure
Authors: J. B. Su, F. Barbe, M. Laplace, B. Crozatier, L. Hittinger
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Regional alterations of left ventricular contraction and inotropic reserve in conscious dogs with heart failure Get access Jin Bo Su, Jin Bo Su * INSERM U400, Faculté de Médecine, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France *Corresponding author. INSERM U400, Hôpital Léon Bernard, 94456 Limeil-Brévannes, France. Tel. (+33-1) 45 69 30 26; Fax (+33-1) 45 69 30 22. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Fabrice Barbe, Fabrice Barbe INSERM U400, Faculté de Médecine, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Monique Laplace, Monique Laplace INSERM U400, Faculté de Médecine, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bertrand Crozatier, Bertrand Crozatier INSERM U400, Faculté de Médecine, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Luc Hittinger Luc Hittinger INSERM U400, Faculté de Médecine, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 6, December 1995, Pages 848–856, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)00119-0 Published: 01 December 1995 Article history Received: 22 March 1995 Accepted: 11 July 1995 Published: 01 December 1995
Correction: Conference on Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
Authors: SHELDON M. WOLFF
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 June 1972Correction: Conference on Chediak-Higashi SyndromeSHELDON M. WOLFF, M.D.SHELDON M. WOLFF, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-6-1047_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In our Combined Clinical Staff Conference, "The Chediak-Higashi Syndrome: Studies of Host Defenses" in the February 1972 issue there was an error that was, unfortunately, overlooked by us. On page 300, in the fifth sentence from the top of the second column, "catalase-negative" should have been "catalase-positive bacteria."... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1972Volume 76, Issue 6Page: 1047-1047KeywordsBacteria Issue Published: 1 June 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Chiropractic for paediatric conditions: substantial evidence?
Authors: E. Ernst
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Paraoxon, an irreversible organophosphorus inhibitor of cholinesterase, produces a myopathy beginning at the neuromuscular junction in rat diaphragm muscles. Thirty minutes after paraoxon was injected i.p. (0.5 mg/kg), neuromuscular cholinesterase activity was reduced to 36% of control. The frequency of miniature end-plate potentials (MEPPs) in diaphragms from paraoxon-treated rats was 109/sec compared with 2.9/sec in saline-injected controls. The faster frequency was seen after paraoxon gradually declined to control rates within 6 hours after injection. The quantum content of end-plate potentials was reduced to 66% of that seen in saline controls. Spontaneous and impulse-related antidromic activity was observed along the phrenic nerve after paraoxon which also gradually diminished with time. When the phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase was reactivated with 10(-3) pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide, MEPP frequency was reduced significantly and antidromic activity was abolished. Block of axonal excitability with 10(-6) M tetrodotoxin reduces the effects of paraoxon on MEPP frequency and antidromic activity, while acetylcholinesterase remains inhibited. In vitro perfusion with 6 times 10(-8) M paraoxon increases MEPP frequency and initiates antidromic activity. It is concluded that inhibition of neuromuscular cholinesterase by paraoxon leads to an alteration of transmitter release, and this may be associated with ultrastructural abnormalities observed at the motor endplate.