tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions to prevent or reduce airway remodelling
Authors: E. H. Walters, D. W. Reid, D. P. Johns, C. Ward
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

In the present review of airway remodelling and its response to therapies, clinical observations about airway physiological abnormalities, assumed to be caused by remodelling processes, are related to what is known about the components of structural changes from airway sampling and histopathological analysis. The review focuses on three important diseases: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), which occurs commonly after lung transplantation as a manifestation of chronic rejection. The present authors chose to use BOS as an issue, because with routine bronchoscopic surveillance after lung transplantation there has been more opportunity to directly study airway pathology longitudinally than in more everyday conditions. In addition, the present authors have reviewed animal models of induced airway remodelling, where most information is available on the potential of therapeutic intervention. Finally, the limited information that can be gained from the literature on the effects of commonly used airway medications on remodelling components is reviewed. In conclusion, the present authors have detailed some of the gaps in knowledge surrounding the potential to improve or modulate remodelling processes in human disease. The areas where it is believed urgent research needs to be focused have also been highlighted.
ON THE APPEARANCE OF CERTAIN AMŒBOID BODIES IN THE BLOOD OF VACCINATED MONKEYS (RHOESUS) AND CHILDREN, AND IN THE BLOOD FROM CASES OF VARIOLA
Authors: Walter Reed
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1897)

1. The claim of L. Pfeiffer that small granular amoeboid bodies are present in the blood of vaccinated children and calves, and in the blood from cases of variola, during the stage of fever is confirmed. A nucleus has not been positively made out in any of these bodies. 2. Granular amoeboid bodies, having a diameter about one-third that of a red blood cell, appear, also, in the blood of the monkey during the active stage of vaccinia and disappear with the decline of the local inflammation. 3. A body of like appearance, granulation and size may occasionally be found in the normal blood of monkeys and children. 4. Pale amoeboid bodies, containing a few dark pigment-like granules, are present in the blood from cases of variola and in the blood of the variolated monkey. Bodies of like appearance may occasionally be found in the blood of vaccinated children and monkeys.
High and low incomes in general practice.
Authors: B. Leese, N. Bosanquet
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The Review Body on Doctors9 and Dentists9 Remuneration deals with average incomes and costs, and little evidence is available on local variability. In a study on general practice the distribution of high and low incomes was assessed. High income practices (defined as those with net incomes per partner of more than 35,000 pounds a year) were more likely to be larger, to have younger partners, and to be located in affluent areas. Low income practices (with a net income of less than 20,000 pounds per partner) were smaller, located in more urban areas, and more likely to have Asian partners. High income practices had higher costs per patient and more staff resources. Low income practices had fewer practice resources and faced great disincentives to investment. These practices were concentrated in less affluent areas, where the need for improved organisation of practices is greatest. General practice is becoming increasingly divided between high income, high cost practices and those with low incomes and few resources.
Urinary Tract Infections in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Marvin Forland
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The prevalence of urinary tract infection was determined in 333 patients attending a diabetes mellitus outpatient clinic during a one-year period. A total of 19% of the women and 2% of the men were found to have urinary tract infections. Antibody-coated bacteria, indicating parenchymal infection, were initially present in 43% of patients and rose to 79% within a mean pretreatment period of seven weeks. In those with recurrent infection following treatment, there were more reinfections than relapses, both in those with kidney infections (67%) and those with bladder infections (57%). The high prevalence of urinary tract infection among diabetic women and the evidence of rapid parenchymal involvement emphasizes the need for clinical awareness of the problem and clarification of its consequences. (<i>JAMA</i>238:1924-1926, 1977)
Breast Imaging and Computer-Aided Detection
Authors: Ferris M. Hall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Breast imaging is the newest, and according to most criteria the weakest, of all radiology subspecialties. Screening mammography in particular often loses money and is subsidized by other sections of the radiology department and occasionally, as in my own case, by direct hospital payments to breast imagers. Screening mammography is also the most common basis for lawsuits in radiology, which is not surprising, since 25 to 50% of cases of breast cancer are identified retrospectively on the previous annual screening mammogram. As the only quasi–public health endeavor in radiology, screening mammography is heavily regulated, with many unfunded mandates. Screening mammography, . . .
Unwritten rules: virtual bargaining underpins social interaction, culture, and society
Authors: Jennifer B. Misyak, Tigran Melkonyan, Hossam Zeitoun, Nick Chater
Journal: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2014)

Many social interactions require humans to coordinate their behavior across a range of scales. However, aspects of intentional coordination remain puzzling from within several approaches in cognitive science. Sketching a new perspective, we propose that the complex behavioral patterns - or 'unwritten rules' - governing such coordination emerge from an ongoing process of 'virtual bargaining'. Social participants behave on the basis of what they would agree to do if they were explicitly to bargain, provided the agreement that would arise from such discussion is commonly known. Although intuitively simple, this interpretation has implications for understanding a broad spectrum of social, economic, and cultural phenomena (including joint action, team reasoning, communication, and language) that, we argue, depend fundamentally on the virtual bargains themselves.
Ropivacaine Anaphylaxis Necessitating Emergent Tracheostomy After Open Reduction Internal Fixation Of Left Tibial Fracture Confirmed Through Percutaneous Testing, Intradermal Testing and Subcutaneous Challenge
Authors: J.D. Martinez, M.N. Le, D.J. Stechschulte
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Invasive candidiasis in pediatric intensive care in Greece: a nationwide study
Authors: L. Vogiatzi, S. Ilia, G. Sideri, E. Vagelakoudi, M. Vassilopoulou, M. Sdougka, G. Briassoulis, I. Papadatos, P. Kalabalikis, L. Sianidou, E. Roilides
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD): a randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical trial with a polyherbal formulation — new LIVFIT (NLF)
Authors: A.R. Nandi, A. Dutta, A.K. Jain, C.K. Katiyar, S. Srivastava, R.P. Misra, R. Mehrotra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Relapsing polychondritis: A paraneoplastic syndrome associated with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Koen Van Besien, Guido Tricot, Ronald Hoffman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract We report an unusual case of a patient with a myelodysplastic syndrome associated with life threatening relapsing polychondritis. The improvement in symptoms attributable to the relapsing polychondritis during treatment of the hematologic disorder suggests that relapsing polychondritis is a paraneoptastic syndrome associated with myelodysplastic syndromes. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone Scanning Employing 99mTc-Stannous-Methylene-Diphosphonate on an Anger Tomographic Linear Scanner
Authors: DANIEL J. PRICE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

It is the impression of the author that 99 mTc-MDP is superior to other bone scanning radiopharmaceuticals, especially when using a Pho-Con tomographic scanner. The decrease in soft tissue uptake, more rapid blood clearance and the increase in bone uptake make 99 mTc-MDP a high quality bone scanning agent.
Natural history of ventricular septal defect. A study involving 790 cases.
Authors: P Corone, F Doyon, S Gaudeau, F Guérin, P Vernant, H Ducam, C Rumeau-Rouquette, P Gaudeul
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The development of 790 untreated patients affected by ventricular septal defect (VSD) has been the object of a 25-year study. Of these patients, 72% had had at least one catheterization; 13% had several. The mean observation interval is six years, and the average age at the latest data is 19.5 years. This study covers 4717 patient-years. For the entire population, the incidence rate or aortic regurgitation is 6.3% (4.3 for 1000 patient-years) and that of bacterial endocarditis is 3.7% (2.4 for 1000 patient-years). Twenty-five patients died, 15 of them between the ages of one and 39. Of the 499 cases with several clinical examinations, 71% remained stable. In 21%, changes suggesting some level of closure developed; in 7%, infundibular stenosis began to evolve and in 1% pulmonary vascular disease began to appear or became accentuated. These different rates are studied and discussed in relation to patients' age, VSD type, and various follow-up characteristics.
Abstract 581: Identification of PCDHB3 as a potential tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by exome sequencing
Authors: Wen Ye, Ranyi Liu, Jiangxue Wu, Yingchang Li, Wenlin Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is believed to arise from combinations of genetic and epigenetic disorders. However, besides APC, KRAS, and p53, which are highly targeted by somatic mutations, other genes altered in mutations in CRC patients are under interpreted in their effects and relevance with CRC tumorigenesis. Out of the genes in which we identified 453 nonsynonymous somatic mutations in this exome sequencing study, PCDHB3 was mutated in 30% exome-sequenced cases and was screened in another 104 CRC cases with a 7.02% mutation rate. Meanwhile, PCDHB3 is lowly expressed in 83.7% tumor of CRC patients and CRC cell lines compared to normal controls, which is detected to be caused by loss of heterozygosity and CpG island hypermethylation. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that over-expression of wildtype PCDHB3 in DLD1 cells inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration (56.8% and 47.5% of control), whereas mutant PCDHB3 lacked of the functions. Furthermore, SW480-shRNA cells, which demonstrated a lower level of endogenous PCDHB3, exhibited a larger growth and migration advantage (2.28-fold and 2.26-fold of control). In summary, our study identified PCDHB3 as a tumor suppressor gene in CRC. Loss of PCDHB3 suppressor function results from uncommon genetic mutations affecting the protein sequence as well as decreased expression of functional protein. Citation Format: Wen Ye, Ranyi Liu, Jiangxue Wu, Yingchang Li, Wenlin Huang. Identification of PCDHB3 as a potential tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by exome sequencing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 581. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-581
Silent Myocardial Infarction Discovered during lndium-111 White Blood Cell Imaging
Authors: VERONICA HARRIS, ASLAM R. SIDDIQUI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

During the work-up of femoral artery bypass graft infection, unexpected localization of ln-111 WBCs was noted in the myocardium. Electrocardiogram and serum enzyme measurements confirmed that the patient recently has had a silent myocardial infarction.
Faldaprevir and Deleobuvir for HCV Genotype 1 Infection
Authors: Zeuzem S, Soriano, Asselah T, Bronowicki Jp, Lohse Aw, Müllhaupt B, Schuchmann M, Bourlière M, Buti M, Roberts Sk, Gane Ej, Stern Jo, Vinisko R, Kukolj G, Gallivan Jp, Böcher Wo, Mensa Fj
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Interferon-free regimens would be a major advance in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.In this phase 2b, randomized, open-label trial of faldaprevir (a protease inhibitor) and deleobuvir (a nonnucleoside polymerase inhibitor), we randomly assigned 362 previously untreated patients with HCV genotype 1 infection to one of five groups: faldaprevir at a dose of 120 mg once daily and deleobuvir at a dose of 600 mg three times daily, plus ribavirin, for 16, 28, or 40 weeks (TID16W, TID28W, or TID40W, respectively); faldaprevir at a dose of 120 mg once daily and deleobuvir at a dose of 600 mg twice daily, plus ribavirin, for 28 weeks (BID28W); or faldaprevir at a dose of 120 mg once daily and deleobuvir at a dose of 600 mg three times daily, without ribavirin, for 28 weeks (TID28W-NR). The primary end point was a sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the completion of therapy.The primary end point was met in 59% of patients in the TID16W group, 59% of patients in the TID28W group, 52% of patients in the TID40W group, 69% of patients in the BID28W group, and 39% of patients in the TID28W-NR group. The sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the completion of therapy did not differ significantly according to treatment duration or dosage among ribavirin-containing regimens. This response was significantly higher with TID28W than with TID28W-NR (P=0.03). Rates of a sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the completion of therapy were 56 to 85% among patients with genotype 1b infection versus 11 to 47% among patients with genotype 1a infection and 58 to 84% among patients with IL28B CC versus 33 to 64% with non-CC genotypes. Rash, photosensitivity, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea were the most common adverse events.The rate of a sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the completion of therapy was 52 to 69% among patients who received interferon-free treatment with faldaprevir in combination with deleobuvir plus ribavirin. (Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim; SOUND-C2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01132313.).
The Macromolecular Structure of Glomerular Basement Membrane.
Authors: Nicholas Kefalides
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967The Macromolecular Structure of Glomerular Basement Membrane.Nicholas Kefalides, M.D., Ph.D.Nicholas Kefalides, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1050_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn previous studies we have shown that glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is composed of a glycoprotein and a collagen-like protein. The unique features of this collagen are that it contains more hexose (10% by weight), more hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, and less proline and lysine compared with collagens from other tissues (15, 4, 7, and 0.6 residues per 100 residues in GBM, respectively, compared with 10, 0.6, 12, and 2.3 residues in tendon collagen). Another unique property is that in vivo GBM collagen does not aggregate to form large fibers with periodic bands, since no typical collagen fibers have been seen... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Nicholas Kefalides, M.D., Ph.D.Affiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5 Page: 1050-1051 Keywords Basement membrane Glycoproteins Lysine Membrane proteins Tendons ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Maturity onset diabetes of the young is not linked to the insulin gene.
Authors: J I Bell, J S Wainscoat, J M Old, C Chlouverakis, H Keen, R C Turner, D J Weatherall
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Maturity onset diabetes of the young is inherited as an autosomal dominant condition. Two families with the disease were studied to determine whether the inheritance of this type of diabetes was linked to the insulin gene. A cloned insulin gene probe was hybridised to DNA from the family members and the insulin gene on each chromosome identified by a different fragment length polymorphism. The results showed no linkage between the insulin gene and the inheritance of maturity onset diabetes of the young.
Alterations by Norepinephrine of Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve Terminal Function and Myocardial β-Adrenergic Receptor Sensitivity in the Ferret
Authors: Chang-seng Liang, Naomi Kenmotsu Rounds, Erdan Dong, Suzanne Y. Stevens, Junya Shite, Fuzhong Qin
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Chronic excessive norepinephrine (NE) causes cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities, myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor downregulation, and beta-adrenergic subsensitivity. The present study was carried out to determine whether these changes could be prevented by antioxidants.Ferrets were administered either NE (1.33 mg/d) or vehicle by use of subcutaneous pellets for 4 weeks. Animals were simultaneously assigned to receive either antioxidant vitamins (beta-carotene, ascorbic acid, and alpha-tocopherol) or placebo pellets. NE increased plasma NE 4- to 5-fold but had no effect on heart rate, heart weight, arterial pressure, or left ventricular systolic function. However, myocardial NE uptake activity and NE uptake-1 site density were reduced, as well as cardiac neuronal NE, tyrosine hydroxylase, and neuropeptide Y. In addition, there was a decrease in myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor density with a selective decrease of the beta(1)-receptor subtype, reduction of the high-affinity site for isoproterenol, decreased basal adenylyl cyclase activity, and the adenylyl cyclase responses to isoproterenol, Gpp(NH)p, and forskolin. All of these changes were prevented by antioxidant vitamins. The effects of NE on myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor density, NE uptake-1 carrier site density, and neuronal NE were also prevented by superoxide dismutase or Trolox C.The toxic effects of NE on the sympathetic nerve terminals are mediated via the formation of NE-derived oxygen free radicals. Preservation of the neuronal NE reuptake mechanism is functionally important, because the antioxidants also prevented myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor downregulation and postreceptor abnormalities. Thus, antioxidant therapy may be beneficial in heart failure, in which cardiac NE release is increased.
Abnormal passive chloride absorption in cystic fibrosis jejunum functionally opposes the classic chloride secretory defect
Authors: Michael A. Russo, Christoph Högenauer, Stephen W. Coates, Carol A. Santa Ana, Jack L. Porter, Randall L. Rosenblatt, Michael Emmett, John S. Fordtran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Due to genetic defects in apical membrane chloride channels, the cystic fibrosis (CF) intestine does not secrete chloride normally. Depressed chloride secretion leaves CF intestinal absorptive processes unopposed, which results in net fluid hyperabsorption, dehydration of intestinal contents, and a propensity to inspissated intestinal obstruction. This theory is based primarily on in vitro studies of jejunal mucosa. To determine if CF patients actually hyperabsorb fluid in vivo, we measured electrolyte and water absorption during steady-state perfusion of the jejunum. As expected, chloride secretion was abnormally low in CF, but surprisingly, there was no net hyperabsorption of sodium or water during perfusion of a balanced electrolyte solution. This suggested that fluid absorption processes are reduced in CF jejunum, and further studies revealed that this was due to a marked depression of passive chloride absorption. Although Na+-glucose cotransport was normal in the CF jejunum, absence of passive chloride absorption completely blocked glucose-stimulated net sodium absorption and reduced glucose-stimulated water absorption 66%. This chloride absorptive abnormality acts in physiological opposition to the classic chloride secretory defect in the CF intestine. By increasing the fluidity of intraluminal contents, absence of passive chloride absorption may reduce the incidence and severity of intestinal disease in patients with CF.
Bioprostheses “Thrombosis” After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Linda Cota, Eugenio Stabile, Marco Agrusta, Giovanni Sorropago, Armando Pucciarelli, Vittorio Ambrosini, Gaetano Mottola, Giovanni Esposito, Paolo Rubino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Prognostic Models for Older Adults
Authors: Ralph Stern
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nitric oxide synthase lies downstream from vascular endothelial growth factor-induced but not basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis.
Authors: M Ziche, L Morbidelli, R Choudhuri, H T Zhang, S Donnini, H J Granger, R Bicknell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Systemic administration of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor Nomega-nitro--arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to rabbits bearing a corneal implant blocked vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but not basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis. L-NAME completely blocked angiogenesis induced by VEGF-transfected MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells and the cells remained dormant in the cornea. Postcapillary endothelial cell migration and growth induced by VEGF were blocked by both the NO synthase inhibitor Nomega-mono-methyl--arginine and by the guanylate cyclase inhibitor LY 83583. We conclude that NO is a downstream imperative of VEGF-, but not bFGF-induced angiogenesis, and propose that the NO synthase/guanylate cyclase pathway is a potential target for controlling tumor angiogenesis in response to VEGF. Our studies support recent evidence that VEGF and bFGF induce angiogenesis by different mechanistic pathways using the alphavbeta5 and alphavbeta3 integrins, respectively.