tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of preinspiratory maneuver on the single-breath DLCO.
Authors: P Lebecque, A Mwepu, B Nemery, C Veriter, A Frans
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We have observed in some patients with pulmonary disease and normal subjects that the difference between two successive measurements for single-breath DLCO amounted to 10%. By scrutinizing data from these subjects, we observed that they spontaneously changed their preinspiratory maneuver just before inhaling the test gas mixture. The purpose of the present work is to assess the influence of five different preinspiratory maneuvers on DLCO. Nine healthy males were investigated. They performed at random the five following maneuvers: (A) rapid exhalation from functional residual capacity (FRC) to residual volume (RV), (B) rapid exhalation from FRC to RV and long apnea at RV, (C) rapid exhalation from FRC to RV and short apnea at RV, (D) slow exhalation at a constant speed from FRC to RV, and (E) curvilinear exhalation from FRC to RV. The DLCO values after maneuver B were higher than those after the four other maneuvers; there was a significant relationship between DLCO and the duration of the preinspiratory maneuver. The data are best explained by an alteration in the distribution of the inspired gas mixture to areas with different diffusing capacities. In conclusion, the preinspiratory maneuvers must be standardized in order to improve the reproducibility of the single-breath DLCO measurements.
Loss of Transposase-DNA Interaction May Underlie the Divergence of mariner Family Transposable Elements and the Ability of More than One mariner to Occupy the Same Genome
Authors: David J. Lampe, Kimberley K. O. Walden, Hugh M. Robertson
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

Mariners are a large family of eukaryotic DNA-mediated transposable elements that move via a cut-and-paste mechanism. Several features of the evolutionary history of mariners are unusual. First, they appear to undergo horizontal transfer commonly between species on an evolutionary timescale. They can do this because they are able to transpose using only their own self-encoded transposase and not host-specific factors. One consequence of this phenomenon is that more than one kind of mariner can be present in the same genome. We hypothesized that two mariners occupying the same genome would not interact. We tested the limits of mariner interactions using an in vitro transposition system, purified mariner transposases, and DNAse I footprinting. Only mariner elements that were very closely related to each other (ca. 84% identity) cross-mobilized, and then inefficiently. Because of the dramatic suppression of transposition between closely related elements, we propose that to isolate elements functionally, only minor changes might be necessary between elements, in both inverted terminal repeat and amino acid sequence. We further propose a mechanism to explain mariner diversification based on this phenomenon.
BENIGN ADENOMA OF THYROID METASTASIZING TO LUNGS
Authors: Max Thorek
Journal: JAMA (1931)

As a general rule, benign epithelial tumors do not metastasize. Primary adenomas of the thyroid gland do, however, occasionally metastasize, especially to the bones or to the lungs. A limited number of such cases are on record. Indeed, such metastases of thyroid tissue, which may be either benign or malignant in character, have been reported in cases that showed no clinical evidence of thyroid hyperplasia. American literature on this subject is sparse, and I therefore report a case:  Miss E. D., aged 33, white, entered the American Hospital, Aug. 30, 1930, for treatment of a growth in the neck. Her family history was irrelevant; some antecedents pointed to heart trouble and tuberculosis.  In 1912, shortly after the onset of menstruation, at about the age of 15, the patient first noticed that her neck was swollen. The condition became progressively worse and she entered a hospital in New York, where she
Increased C4d in post-reperfusion biopsies and increased donor specific antibodies at one-week post transplant are risk factors for acute rejection in mild to moderately sensitized kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Arjang Djamali, Brenda L. Muth, Thomas M. Ellis, Maha Mohamed, Luis A. Fernandez, Karen M. Miller, Janet M. Bellingham, Jon S. Odorico, Joshua D. Mezrich, John D. Pirsch, Tony M. D'Alessandro, Vijay Vidyasagar, R. Michael Hofmann, Jose R. Torrealba, Dixon B. Kaufman, David P. Foley
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
The Organization and Structure of the National Institutes of Health
Authors: John F. Sherman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

In the assessment of domestic federal programs and the agencies responsible for them, few have been as frequently and highly praised as the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Contributing to that success in part is an unusual organization and structure. Based on a series of semiautonomous, disease-oriented program divisions supplemented by several support units with a co-ordinative function performed by the Director, NIH, a remarkable and essential combination of administrative stability and flexibility, as well as scientific and political acceptability, has emerged. The changing environment in which NIH now functions, however, suggests the need for a greater degree of intra-NIH and extra-NIH program integration and co-ordination. Concomitantly, there must be more consistent federal policies, a clearer definition and understanding of "technology transfer" and additional resources for the directors of NIH and the individual Institutes.
Do we need a new approach to making vaccine recommendations?
Authors: N. S. Crowcroft, S. L. Deeks, R. E. Upshur
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Controversy about the evidence, economics, ethics, lobbying, and decision making surrounding a new vaccine for serogroup B meningococcal disease should trigger change in the way we develop recommendations for new vaccines say <b>Natasha Crowcroft and colleagues</b>
Novel childhood asthma genes interact with in utero and early-life tobacco smoke exposure
Authors: Salome Scholtens, Dirkje S. Postma, Miriam F. Moffatt, Sviatlana Panasevich, Raquel Granell, A. John Henderson, Erik Melén, Fredrik Nyberg, Göran Pershagen, Deborah Jarvis, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Matthias Wjst, Cecilie Svanes, Emmanuelle Bouzigon, Florence Demenais, Francine Kauffmann, Valérie Siroux, Erika von Mutius, Markus Johannes Ege, Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer, Jon Genuneit, Bert Brunekreef, Henriette A. Smit, Alet H. Wijga, Marjan Kerkhof, Ivan Curjuric, Medea Imboden, Gian A. Thun, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Maxim B. Freidin, Elena Iu. Bragina, I.A. Deev, V.P. Puzyrev, Denise Daley, Julie Park, Allan Becker, Moira Chan-Yeung, Anita L. Kozyrskyj, Peter Pare, Ingo Marenholz, Susanne Lau, Thomas Keil, Young-Ae Lee, Michael Kabesch, Cisca Wijmenga, Lude Franke, Ilja M. Nolte, Judith Vonk, Ashish Kumar, Martin Farrall, William O.C.M. Cookson, David P. Strachan, Gerard H. Koppelman, H. Marike Boezen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)

de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Quantification of liver perfusion with [15O]H2O-PET and its relationship with glucose metabolism and substrate levels
Authors: Lotfi Slimani, Nobuyuki Kudomi, Vesa Oikonen, M. Jarvisalo, Jan Kiss, Alexandru Naum, Ronald Borra, Antti Viljanen, Hannu Sipila, Ele Ferrannini, Timo Savunen, Pirjo Nuutila, Patricia Iozzo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
DIFFERENCES IN CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS FOLLOWING INTRACORONARY ERGNOVINE AND ACETYLCHOLINE PROVOCATION TEST FOR CORONARY ARTERY SPASM
Authors: Seung-Woon Rha, Amro Elnagar, Byoung Geol Choi, sung il Im, Sunwon Kim, Jin Oh Na, Seongwoo Han, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Hong-Seog Seo, Chang Gyu Park, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Conversion of Supraventricular Tachyeardias with Rapid Atrial Stimulation
Authors: GEORGE S. VERGARA, FRANK J. HILDNER, CLYDE B. SCHOENFELD, ROGER P. JAVIER, LAWRENCE S. COHEN, PHILIP SAMET
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Rapid atrial stimulation (RAS) is a technic useful for converting the rapid ventricular response of atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, or junctional tachycardia to a slower ventricular rate with normal sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation. It is particularly useful when alternate methods such as DC cardioversion, carotid sinus massage, and drug therapy are either ineffective or undesirable. It is safe in patients with digitalis intoxication, does not require general anesthesia, documents atrial rhythm, and can be used repetitively without cumulative effects. RAS was performed 129 times in 87 patients (45 males; 42 females) whose ages ranged from 33 to 90 years (mean 67 years). There were no major complications. Overall, including both initial and repeat attempts, RAS successfully converted supraventricular tachycardia in 71% of cases and failed in 29%.
And in this manner he died
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Elizabeth Gaskell’s biography of Charlotte Bronte, published in 1857, two years after its subject’s death, caused a controversy and produced the threat of several libel actions (there were changes to the second edition). One of the reasons for the controversy was Mrs Gaskell’s description of Miss Bronte’s death, which was thought at the time to be indecently graphic. Recently married, Charlotte Bronte was pregnant:

> She was attacked by new sensations of perpetual nausea, and ever-recurring faintness . . . A wren would have starved on what she ate during those last six weeks . . . Martha [her maid] tenderly waited on her . . . and from time to time tried to cheer …
Cyclical oxidation-reduction of the C3 position on bile acids catalyzed by rat hepatic 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. I. Studies with the purified enzyme, isolated rat hepatocytes, and inhibition by indomethacin.
Authors: H Takikawa, A Stolz, N Kaplowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

We recently identified that the Y' bile acid binders are 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3 alpha-HSD). In the present studies, purified 3 alpha-HSD catalyzed rapid 3H loss from [3 beta-3H, C24-14C]lithocholic and chenodeoxycholic acids without net conversion to 3-oxo bile acids under physiologic pH and redox conditions. [3 beta-3H]Cholic acid was a poor substrate. The Y' fraction of hepatic cytosol was exclusively responsible for this activity and 3H was transferred selectively to NADP+. Time-dependent 3H loss was also seen in isolated hepatocytes. Further hydroxylation products of lithocholic and chenodeoxycholic acids lost 3H at the same rate, whereas 3H loss from lithocholic acid rapidly ceased, which suggests compartmentation of this bile acid in hepatocytes. Indomethacin inhibited 3H loss from bile acids either in incubations with the pure enzyme or in isolated hepatocytes. Indomethacin did not alter the initial uptake rate of bile acids by hepatocytes, but caused a redistribution of unconjugated bile acids into the medium at early time points (2.5 and 5.0 min) and that of conjugated bile acids at later time intervals (30 min). 3H loss from the 3 beta position therefore can be used to probe the interaction between bile acids and cytosolic 3 alpha-HSD in intact cells, and indomethacin is capable of inhibiting this interaction.
Diagnosis and management of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Authors: G J Duckworth
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus aureus is renowned for countering almost any antibiotic challenge.Its history since the advent of penicillin is one of increasing resistance to antibiotics.Methicillin was the first semisynthetic penicillin resistant to penicillinase to be derived from the penicillin nucleus and was a major advance in the treatment of staphylococcal infections.Because of its toxicity and ineffectiveness if given orally it was gradually superseded by newer penicillinase resistant penicillins such as flucloxacillin.However, methicillin is still used for susceptibility testing of staphylococci in the laboratory and so methicillin resistance is an indicator of flucloxacillin resistance.Staphylococcal resistance to methicillin is not due to the destruction of the antibiotic by a bacterial enzyme such as P-lactamase but is related to decreased affinity of the organism's penicillin binding proteins for methicillin and also the synthesis of an extra penicillin binding protein with very low affinity for P-lactam antibiotics.Methicillin resistance in staphylococci was reported in 1961, soon after the introduction of methicillin, and naturally occurring strains may have been around before the advent of methicillin.'-3There was a gradual increase in methicillin resistance in England throughout the 1960s, but during the 1970s attention was focused on the Gram negative bacteria, with some complacency about Gram positive bacteria.Various epidemic strains of methicillin resistant S aureus (EMRSA) appeared in the 1980s.4The first of these, EMRSA-1, bore many resemblances to a strain that caused large outbreaks in hospitals in eastern Australia in the late 1970s.'It probably first appeared in England in 1980-1 and went on to cause majo-r endemic and epidemic problems.These were centred in hospitals in the North East Thames region of London, but also spread widely to hospitals in other parts of London and outside London."Since then
Level of RUNX1 activity is critical for leukemic predisposition but not for thrombocytopenia
Authors: Iléana Antony-Debré, Vladimir T. Manchev, Nathalie Balayn, Dominique Bluteau, Cécile Tomowiak, Céline Legrand, Thierry Langlois, Olivia Bawa, Lucie Tosca, Gérard Tachdjian, Bruno Leheup, Najet Debili, Isabelle Plo, Jason A. Mills, Deborah L. French, Mitchell J. Weiss, Eric Solary, Remi Favier, William Vainchenker, Hana Raslova
Journal: Blood (2014)
Ginevra: Turned Left or Right? Leonardo: Straight or Gay?
Authors: David Goldblatt
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The fascinating article about Leonardo da Vinci's portrait of Ginevra de' Benci<sup>1</sup>created an ambiguity—not as intriguing as "Who is the Mona Lisa and why does she look that way?" but of interest to me, because I am a neurologist and also a left-hander, two reasons to try not to get mixed up on rights and lefts. Concerning the young woman in the painting, Dr Crosby comments that "she shares [a little gallery at the National Gallery of Art] with five young men of the Renaissance, all turned to the right. She, in their midst, turns to the left." I contend that she is actively turning to the<i>right</i>. (Note the sharp edge of the contracting left sternocleidomastoid muscle, which accomplishes that act.) Her eyes, which confront the viewer, are also turned—even further than her head—toward her right. (Dull as they are, they might be said
Preventing overdiagnosis: how to stop harming the healthy
Authors: R. Moynihan, J. Doust, D. Henry
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Evidence is mounting that medicine is harming healthy people through ever earlier detection and ever wider definition of disease. With the announcement of an international conference to improve understanding of the problem of overdiagnosis,  Ray Moynihan ,  Jenny Doust , and  David Henry  examine its causes and explore solutions
Chemotherapy resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia requires hERG1 channels and is overcome by hERG1 blockers
Authors: Serena Pillozzi, Marika Masselli, Emanuele De Lorenzo, Benedetta Accordi, Emanuele Cilia, Olivia Crociani, Amedeo Amedei, Marinella Veltroni, Massimo D'Amico, Giuseppe Basso, Andrea Becchetti, Dario Campana, Annarosa Arcangeli
Journal: Blood (2010)
Enhanced generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes by increased cytosolic delivery of MHC class I epitope fused to mouse heat shock protein 70 via polyhistidine conjugation
Authors: Seiji Takemoto, Makiya Nishikawa, Takayuki Otsuki, Ayumi Yamaoka, Kazuki Maeda, Atsushi Ota, Yoshinobu Takakura
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
The Patient Safety Movement Will Help, Not Harm, Quality
Authors: Robert M. Wachter, Kaveh G. Shojania
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters17 August 2004The Patient Safety Movement Will Help, Not Harm, QualityRobert M. Wachter, MD and Kaveh G. Shojania, MDRobert M. Wachter, MDFrom University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4E9, Canada.Search for more papers by this author and Kaveh G. Shojania, MDFrom University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4E9, Canada.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-4-200408170-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his well-written and provocative article (1), Woolf argued that patient safety funding is disproportionate when compared with funding for quality. We take another view: that both fields are chronically underfunded and that the recent infusion of support for safety research (the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's $60 million per year) is a tremendously positive development for safety and quality alike.Is patient safety funding too generous? Sixty million dollars (approximately 0.2% of the National Institutes of Health's yearly budget) does not seem disproportionate to address a problem that kills tens of thousands of Americans each ...References1. Woolf SH. Patient safety is not enough: targeting quality improvements to optimize the health of the population. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:33-6. [PMID: 14706970] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Kohn LT, Corrigan JM, Donaldson MS, eds. To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System. Washington, DC: National Academy Pr; 2000. Google Scholar3. Altman LK. The doctor's world: getting to the core of mistakes in medicine. The New York Times. 2000;29 February:D1. Google Scholar4. Wachter RM, Shojania KG. Internal Bleeding: The Truth behind America's Terrifying Epidemic of Medical Mistakes. New York: Rugged Land; 2004. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4E9, Canada. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPatient Safety Is Not Enough: Targeting Quality Improvements To Optimize the Health of the Population Steven H. Woolf Metrics Cited ByA framework for information system usage in collaborative care 17 August 2004Volume 141, Issue 4Page: 326-327KeywordsBreadComputersComputing systemsHealth careHealth care qualityHealth services researchPrevention, policy, and public healthResearch quality assessmentSafetySleep ePublished: 17 August 2004 Issue Published: 17 August 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Diseases of Hypersensitivity and Childhood Leukemia
Authors: Joseph F. Fraumeni, Miriam D. Manning, Charles R. Stark
Journal: JAMA (1964)

PREVIOUS STUDIES have suggested that certain states of hypersensitivity may be causally related to leukemia and lymphoma.<sup>1-5</sup>This report is an epidemiologic evaluation of allergic and rheumatic conditions appearing in a relatively large collection of histories of leukemic children and their close relatives. Data were obtained by a review of records from the National Cooperative Leukemia Survey, in which 12 medical centers participated. The Survey was conducted by interviewing the parents of 498 leukemic children under 16 years of age and the parents of neighborhood controls matched by age, birth order, family size, and race. The diagnoses of leukemia were made between 1958 and 1961 by well-qualified hematologists at the participating centers. The present study is based on replies to questions regarding the presence of allergic and rheumatic conditions in each family member and on pertinent information concerning hospitalizations and x-ray examinations. The conditions recorded were restricted to those
Ca <sup>2+</sup> ‘Sparks’ and Waves in Intact Ventricular Muscle Resolved by Confocal Imaging
Authors: Withrow Gil Wier, Henk E. D. J. ter Keurs, Eduardo Marban, Wei Dong Gao, C. William Balke
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract The [Ca 2+ ] i transient in heart is now thought to involve the recruitment and summation of discrete and independent “units” of Ca 2+ release (Ca 2+ “sparks”) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, each of which is controlled locally by single coassociated L-type Ca 2+ channels (“local control theory of excitation-contraction coupling”). All prior studies on Ca 2+ sparks, however, have been performed in single enzymatically dissociated heart cells under nonphysiological conditions. In order to understand the possible significance of Ca 2+ sparks to normal working cardiac muscle, we used confocal microscopy to record Ca 2+ sparks, which are spatially averaged [Ca 2+ ] i transients (and Ca 2+ waves), in individual cells of intact rat right ventricular trabeculae (composed of &lt;15 cells in cross section) microinjected with the Ca 2+ indicator fluo 3 under physiological conditions ([Ca 2+ ] o , 1 mmol/L; temperature, 33±1°C). Twitch force was recorded simultaneously. When stretched to optimal length (sarcomere length, 2.2 μm) and stimulated at 0.2 Hz, the trabeculae generated ≈700 μg of force per cell. Spatially averaged [Ca 2+ ] i transients recorded from individual cells within a trabecula were similar to those recorded previously from single cells. The amplitude distribution of the peak ratio of Ca 2+ sparks was bimodal, with maxima at ratios of 1.8±0.3 and 2.7±0.2 (mean±SD), respectively. The amplitude of the peak of Ca 2+ sparks was ≈170 nmol/L. Ca 2+ sparks occurred at a frequency of 12.0±0.8/s (mean±SEM) in line scans covering 94 sarcomeres. Ca 2+ waves occurred randomly at a frequency of 0.57±0.08/s and propagated with a velocity of 29.5±1.7 μm/s. The extent of Ca 2+ wave propagation was 3.9±0.3 sarcomere lengths (sarcomere length, 2.2 μm). Ca 2+ sparks could be identified along the leading edge of the waves at intervals of 1.30±0.11 sarcomere length. Our observations suggest that (1) Ca 2+ sparks, similar to those recorded in single cells, occur in trabeculae under physiological conditions and (2) coupling of Ca 2+ spark generation between neighboring sites occurs and may lead to (3) the development of Ca 2+ waves, which propagate under physiological conditions at a low velocity over limited distances. The results suggest that concepts of excitation-contraction coupling recently derived from isolated myocytes are applicable to intact cardiac trabeculae.
AN UNUSUAL MANIFESTATION OF MALARIA.
Authors: CHESTER J. STEDMAN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

The following report is submitted with the hope that it may prove of value to those who are especially interested in the study of malaria—particularly of its unusual manifestations. <h3>Patient.</h3> —Private G., about 11 a. m., Jan. 23, 1905, complained of an extremely severe headache, which had first appeared between 9 and 10 o'clock that forenoon, and which had rapidly increased in severity until at the time he applied for treatment it had become almost unbearable. The pain was especially severe in the temporal regions. The man further stated that previous to that morning he had been in his usual good health. <h3>Examination.</h3> —The patient was admitted to the hospital; the temperature was normal. He was carefully questioned with regard to his appetite, digestion and action of his bowels, and all seemed to be perfectly normal. He felt certain that he had eaten nothing unusual or which
[660] ANTIBODY RESPONSES SPECIFIC FOR SOLUBLE LIVER ANTIGEN CO-OCCUR WITH RO-52 AUTOANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS
Authors: C. Liaskos, P.P. Bogdanos, E.I. Rigopoulou, G.L. Norman, Z. Shums, T. Al-Chalabi, E.L. Krawitt, G. Mieli-Vergani, A.J. Czaja, D. Vergani, G.N. Dalekos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)