tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum lithium levels and psychosocial function in patients with bipolar I disorder
Authors: D A Solomon, W R Ristow, M B Keller, J M Kane, A J Gelenberg, J F Rosenbaum, M G Warshaw
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

This study compared the effect of two different serum lithium levels on the psychosocial functioning of patients with bipolar I disorder.Ninety patients with bipolar I disorder were enrolled in a prospective, double-blind, maintenance trial of lithium. The patients were randomly assigned to treatment with doses of lithium adjusted to achieve a serum lithium concentration of either 0.8 to 1.0 mmol/liter (standard) or 0.4 to 0.6 mmol/liter (low). The Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation was used to assess psychosocial functioning in the areas of work, interpersonal relationships, and global functioning. All observed values were analyzed with a mixed-effects analysis of covariance. Independent variables included treatment group (low or standard lithium serum level), relapse status, socioeconomic status, time from random treatment assignment to assessment, termination of protocol before or after relapse, length of remission before random treatment assignment, polarity of the last mood episode before random treatment assignment, and number of mood episodes in the 3 years before random treatment assignment.Relapse was associated with large negative effects on psychosocial functioning. Patients in higher socioeconomic brackets had better psychosocial functioning than did those in lower brackets. Patients receiving lithium doses that achieved standard serum levels had better psychosocial functioning than those receiving doses that achieved low serum levels; this effect was partially but not wholly mediated through relapse prevention.For patients with bipolar I disorder, standard serum lithium levels may enhance psychosocial functioning, above and beyond the effects of relapse prevention.
Long-term MI Outcomes at Hospitals With or Without On-site Revascularization
Authors: David A. Alter
Journal: JAMA (2001)

said: "To a man with a hammer, every nail looks like it needs driving."[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] These comparisons and conclusions rest on the assumption that a single ecological variable (being admitted to a hospital with or without PCI and CABG surgical capacity) and the associated variation in one aspect of process of care (higher or lower rates of revascularization) account for the outcome differences. 14,15By design, other differences in characteristics of the patients, the admitting hospital, or the attending physicians, along with myriad other potential differences in fol-
Cancer Care Workers Fill Gulf Left by Gulf War
Authors: L. Schwab
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Cancer Care Workers Fill Gulf Left by Gulf War Get access Linda Schwab Linda Schwab Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 13, 3 July 1991, Pages 910–911, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.13.910 Published: 03 July 1991
BLEEDING TENDENCY AND PROTHROMBIN DEFICIENCY IN BILIARY FISTULA DOGS: EFFECT OF FEEDING BILE AND VITAMIN K
Authors: H. P. Smith, E. D. Warner, K. M. Brinkhous, W. H. Seegers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

In biliary fistula dogs the plasma prothrombin falls eventually to low levels and bleeding commonly occurs. Faulty absorption of vitamin K from the intestine in these animals is an important causative factor. Feeding bile permits absorption of the traces of this vitamin normally present in mixed diets, and as a result a slow rise in prothrombin level is observed. If a standard diet is supplemented with large amounts of vitamin K concentrate the prothrombin rise is rapid, provided bile or bile salt is supplied to aid in the absorption. Variations in the rate of prothrombin depletion in biliary fistula dogs kept on constant diet indicate the existence of additional factors which require further study. Our experience indicates that vitamin A and vitamin D supplements do not correct the prothrombin deficiency in biliary fistula animals.
Changes in Peripheral Blood Flow Distribution in Healthy Dogs
Authors: ROBERT F. RUSHMER, DEAN L. FRANKIN, ROBERT L. VAN CITTERS, ORVILLE A. SMITH
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The instantaneous velocity and the integrated flow through a splanchnic artery (superior mesenteric or hepatogastric), the renal artery, and the terminal abdominal aorta were recorded continuously and simultaneously, as were the mean aortic pressure and heart rate, during a wide variety of spontaneous cardiovascular adjustments of healthy active dogs. These responses were compared with the effects of infusing vasoactive substances, such as isoproterenol, l -epinephrine, norepinephrine, acetyichol lie, and Pitressiii, and with P to stimulation of selected sites in the base of the brain. During sponta neous activity, the flow through the splanch nic and renal arteries usually varied in a direction opposite to that of changes in flow to the hindciuarters. The changes in mesen teric or renal flow were relatively slight, even during strenuous exercise that produced a substantial increase in flow to the hindciuar ters. Vasoactive substances tended to produce changes in the same direction in all three beds. Changes in flow distribution and in wave forms of the instantaneous flow patterns produced by vasoactive substances did not resemble those produced by spontaneous ad justment. 1-lowever, stimulation of selected diencephalic sites (e.g., 112 fields of Forel) produced changes in both flow distribution and flow velocity patteras that closely simu lated those observed during exercise in the same animals. Stimulation in the same re gions was previously reported to produce changes in left ventricular performance also closely resembling those noted during tread mill exercise.
Hypersensitivity Reactions to Taxanes and Platins
Authors: A. Gomez Infante, J.M. Escobar Montalvo, E. Alejo Almanzar, Jimenez Blanco, A. Enriquez Matas, R. Vives Conesa, R. Mielgo Ballesteros
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Dissection endoscopique sous-muqueuse en France: premiers résultats de l'observatoire de la SFED
Authors: S Farhat, S Chaussade, T Ponchon, T Barrioz, A Charachon, C Cellier, D Heresbach, P Bauret, E Ben Soussan, A Calazel, P Bichard, F Prat
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Introduction: L'ESD est une technique d'exérèse en monobloc des tumeurs superficielles du système digestif développée par des auteurs japonais. L'expérience en France de cette technique est encore limitée.
An outbreak of scabies in a hospital and community.
Authors: S Reilly, D Cullen, M G Davies
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Une femme de 81 ans est hospitalisee le 27 aout apres une chute. Elle est atteinte d'une eruption prurigineuse depuis plusieurs semaines. Avant que le diagnostic de gale soit fait le 16 septembre, plusieurs dizaines de personnes dont des membres du personnel soignant, sont contaminees. On souligne la brievete de l'incubation et la difficulte du traitement
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE NASOPHARYNGEAL SECRETIONS FROM INFLUENZA PATIENTS
Authors: Peter K. Olitsky, Frederick L. Gates
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

Cultivation of Bacterium pneumosintes in the collodion sac dialysate of a tissue medium produces an antigen suitable for serological tests. Injection of dialysate cultures of Bacterium pneumosintes into rabbits results in the production of antibodies demonstrable by agglutination, precipitation, complement fixation, and phagocytic reactions. Four strains of Bacterium pneumosintes, three from the first epidemic influenzal wave (1918-19) and one from the second (1920), show identical antigenic characters. The blood serum of rabbits experimentally injected with the glycerolated active material of rabbit passages contains specific agglutinins for Bacterium pneumosintes, whereas normal rabbit serum does not.
Global Fund pulls grants to Myanmar and Uganda
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria has announced that it will no longer fund schemes in Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) and has temporarily suspended its grants to Uganda. The fund is an independent organisation set up to attract and disburse funds to tackle these diseases.

The decision over Myanmar was attributed to new travel clearance procedures introduced by the military government that severely restrict the movement of staff from the United Nations Development Programme, which was overseeing the projects in the country. It would have restricted the areas in …
Hydrazine and Isoniazid
Authors: Peter W. Blue
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters20 November 2001Hydrazine and IsoniazidPeter W. Blue, MDPeter W. Blue, MDMoncrief Army Hospital; Fort Jackson, SC 29072 (Blue)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-10-200111200-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article by Hainer and colleagues (1) and the accompanying editorial by Black and Hussain (2) on fatal potential hydrazine toxicity miss the point in a major way. Many “innocuous” substances are available over the counter, at “health” stores, or on the Internet. If they are truly innocuous, they should be available in whatever manner the consumer wishes to purchase them. Before a consumer can purchase, from any vendor, a prescription drug, chemical, or pharmaceutical regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a licensed health care provider must prescribe it.Hainer and colleagues have made ...References1. Hainer MI, Tsai N, Komura ST, Chiu CL. Fatal hepatorenal failure associated with hydrazine sulfate. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:877-80. [PMID: 11103057] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Black M, Hussain H. Hydrazine, cancer, the Internet, isoniazid, and the liver [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:911-3. [PMID: 11103062] LinkGoogle Scholar3. . Physicians' Desk Reference. 54th ed. Oradell, NJ: Medical Economics; 2000:1382-3. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Moncrief Army Hospital; Fort Jackson, SC 29072 (Blue)Disclaimer: These opinions are solely the author's and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Army, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the University of South Carolina School of Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoFatal Hepatorenal Failure Associated with Hydrazine Sulfate Mark I. Hainer , Naoky Tsai , Steven T. Komura , and Charles L. Chiu Hydrazine, Cancer, the Internet, Isoniazid, and the Liver Martin Black and Hamid Hussain Metrics 20 November 2001Volume 135, Issue 10Page: 927KeywordsDrugsFoodFood and Drug AdministrationHealth care providersInternetIsoniazidLiver function testsMetabolic pathwaysOver the counter drugsToxicity ePublished: 20 November 2001 Issue Published: 20 November 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Impressions of the U.S. Mission on Mental Health: Conclusions and Recommendations
Authors: STANLEY F. YOLLES
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The U.S. delegation was of the opinion that the Russian network of mental health services, while not without weaknesses and limitations, is effective, especially in the urban areas. In assessing what the U.S. might draw from the U.S.S.R. framework, the author mentions particularly the areas of manpower, including the use of women and of medical technicians; emergency services; and the concept of continuity of care.
SYPHILIS INSONTIUM: A PLEA FOR THE RESTRICTION OF SYPHILIS, AND A SUGGESTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF ITS SPREAD.
Authors: L. DUNCAN BULKLEY
Journal: JAMA (1893)

" Syphilis of innocents " has long since ceased to be the subject of satirical remark, and syphilis itself has long since ceased to be regarded as a purely venereal disease. Syphilis stands to-day as one of the most important diseases affecting the human race, and its study has occupied the thought and activity of observers almost more than that of any other malady, while its literature probably exceeds that relating to any other single disease. The advances which have been made in the knowledge of the cause, manifestations and results of syphilis during the past fifty years are very great, and have done much to limit its extension by innocent means, and have also served to rob the disease of much of the terror with which it has been surrounded in earlier times. But with all the advances in our knowledge of the disease, and with all our present acquaintance with
A new animal model of controlled coronary artery occlusion in conscious rabbits
Authors: M. V Cohen, X.-M. Yang, Y. Liu, K. S Snell, J. M Downey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to develop a method for installing a pneumatic occluder on the coronary artery of a rabbit, and to see whether repetitive coronary occlusions could induce collateral development as in dogs. Methods: A superficial branch of the left coronary artery was encircled with a balloon occluder, and a catheter was inserted into the left atrial appendage of New Zealand White rabbits, with a survival rate of 89.5%. Baseline collateral flow was measured 5–7 d after surgery with radioactive microspheres while the artery was occluded. According to a predetermined schedule animals were assigned to control and experimental groups. In the latter the balloon was inflated for 2 min once every 15 min for 8 h per d, 5 d per week. Collateral flow measurements were repeated after 100 and 300 occlusions. In control animals repeat flow measurements were made approximately 4 and 14 d after the first determination. Results: Inflation of the balloon occluder reliably resulted in marked S-T segment elevation which quickly resolved after balloon deflation. These changes were nearly identical after two weeks of observation. Average baseline collateral flows in both groups were less than 5% of normal myocardial flow. There was no appreciable change during the two week period of observation in either control rabbits or those receiving at least 300 2 min coronary occlusions. Conclusions: The rabbit tolerates implantation of a pneumatic coronary occluder without noticeable problem and can successfully serve as a small animal model of repetitive or chronic myocardial ischaemia. The surgical preparation is not difficult, and ischaemia can be reproducibly created and relieved for at least three weeks following surgery. Coronary collaterals are sparse in the rabbit, and repetitive occlusions can be instituted without the complication of collateral development. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:61-65
EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS COMPARED WITH PACLITAXEL-ELUTING STENTS FOR TREATMENT OF DRUG-ELUTING AND BARE-METAL STENT RESTENOSES &amp;ndash; AN OBSERVATIONAL REGISTRY
Authors: Jochen Woehrle, Wolfgang Rottbauer, Sinisa Markovic
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Increasing Oxygen Delivery in Surgical Patients
Authors: Virginia Dale
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Boyd and colleagues<sup>1</sup>conclude from their study that "[p]erioperative increase of oxygen delivery with dopexamine hydrochloride significantly reduces mortality and morbidity in high-risk surgical patients." I do not understand why they elect to report their results in terms of an increase in oxygen delivery (Do<sub>2</sub>I), and I do not believe that their results support this interpretaton. They set out to control the arterial oxygen saturation and hemoglobin in the two groups of patients, and the results indicate that they accomplished this goal; there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in these measured variables. Cardiac index was significantly different between the two groups, as a direct effect of the intervention. Since the formula for calculating Do<sub>2</sub>I uses arterial oxygen saturation, hemoglobin, and cardiac index, the difference in Do<sub>2</sub>I between the two groups depends only on the difference in
Tobacco Company Efforts to Influence the Food and Drug Administration-Commissioned Institute of Medicine Report Clearing the Smoke: An Analysis of Documents Released through Litigation
Authors: Crystal E. Tan, Thomas Kyriss, Stanton A. Glantz
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Spurred by the creation of potential modified risk tobacco products, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) commissioned the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to assess the science base for tobacco "harm reduction," leading to the 2001 IOM report Clearing the Smoke. The objective of this study was to determine how the tobacco industry organized to try to influence the IOM committee that prepared the report.We analyzed previously secret tobacco industry documents in the University of California, San Francisco Legacy Tobacco Documents Library, and IOM public access files. (A limitation of this method includes the fact that the tobacco companies have withheld some possibly relevant documents.) Tobacco companies considered the IOM report to have high-stakes regulatory implications. They developed and implemented strategies with consulting and legal firms to access the IOM proceedings. When the IOM study staff invited the companies to provide information on exposure and disease markers, clinical trial design for safety and efficacy, and implications for initiation and cessation, tobacco company lawyers, consultants, and in-house regulatory staff shaped presentations from company scientists. Although the available evidence does not permit drawing cause-and-effect conclusions, and the IOM may have come to the same conclusions without the influence of the tobacco industry, the companies were pleased with the final report, particularly the recommendations for a tiered claims system (with separate tiers for exposure and risk, which they believed would ease the process of qualifying for a claim) and license to sell products comparable to existing conventional cigarettes ("substantial equivalence") without prior regulatory approval. Some principles from the IOM report, including elements of the substantial equivalence recommendation, appear in the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act.Tobacco companies strategically interacted with the IOM to win several favored scientific and regulatory recommendations.
Transient proliferation of donor-derived ATL cell–like lymphocytes early after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in an adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma patient
Authors: Masataka Taguchi, Yoshitaka Imaizumi, Jun Taguchi, Daisuke Imanishi, Daisuke Sasaki, Hiroo Hasegawa, Hideki Tsushima, Tomoko Hata, Yasushi Miyazaki
Journal: Blood (2013)
The Role of Viscous Soluble Fiber in the Metabolic Control of Diabetes: A review with special emphasis on cereals rich in β-glucan
Authors: Pierre Würsch, F Xavier Pi-Sunyer
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

Recent recommendations for the dietary management of diabetes mellitus state that diet needs to be individualized so that there is improved glucose and lipid control in the patient. In a majority of individuals with diabetes, this is best done with a diet that is low in fat and high in carbohydrate, particularly that of cereal origin. However, symptoms of hyper- and hypoglycemia must be averted. Most cereal products, however, tend to have a high glycemic index. Cereals such as Prowashonupana barley or fractions of oat bran are particularly high in the soluble fiber β-glucan, which when taken with a meal increases the viscosity of the meal bolus once it has reached the small intestine, where the absorption of nutrients occurs. This high viscosity delays absorption. A 50% reduction in glycemic peak can be achieved with a concentration of 10% β-glucan in a cereal food. A significant lowering of plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations can also be anticipated with the daily consumption of ≥3 g of (β-glucan. Diabetic individuals can benefit from diets that are high in (β-glucan, which, as a component of oats and barley, can be incorporated into breakfast cereals and other products.
US/international multicenter trial of atrial septal catheter closure using the amplatzer septal occluder: initial results
Authors: J. Masura, P.E. Lange, J.L. Wilkinson, H.H. Kramer, M. Alwi, Y. Goussous, B. Thanopulos, K.P. Walsh, Z.M. Hijazi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Fully phosphorylated fetuin-A forms a mineral complex in the serum of rats with adenine-induced renal failure
Authors: Isao Matsui, Takayuki Hamano, Satoshi Mikami, Naohiko Fujii, Yoshitsugu Takabatake, Yasuyuki Nagasawa, Noritaka Kawada, Takahito Ito, Hiromi Rakugi, Enyu Imai, Yoshitaka Isaka
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Can Carbonated Lime Drink Intake Prior to Myocardial Perfusion Imaging With Tc-99m MIBI Reduce the Extracardiac Activity That Degrades the Image Quality and Leads to Fallacies in Interpretation?
Authors: Gaurav Malhotra, Trupti S. Upadhye, Ashish Nabar, Ramesh V. Asopa, Uday N. Nayak, M. G. Ramakrishna Rajan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Background: During myocardial perfusion imaging with Tc-99m sestamibi, intestinal and hepatic radiotracer activity commonly interfere with visualization of the inferior wall of the myocardium leading to difficulties in interpretation. This study was undertaken to assess if carbonated lime drink ingestion prior to imaging prevents the said interference and improves the quality of images. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised 33 consecutive patients including 26 males (age range: 30–80 years) and 7 females (42–62 years) who were referred for myocardial perfusion imaging. Of 33 patients, 21 (18 males, 3 females) were imaged at rest, 5 patients (3 males, 2 females) underwent physical stress, and 7 patients (5 males, 2 females) had pharmacological stress with adenosine. Five to 10 minutes after intravenous injection of 296 to 444 MBq (8–12 mCi) Tc-99m MIBI, anterior, and left anterior oblique (LAO) 45 degree planar views were acquired with a gamma camera using LEHR collimator. Each view was acquired for 100 seconds in a 256 × 256 matrix in all patients. Thereafter each patient was administered about 250 mL of a carbonated lime drink and repeat views were acquired within 5 minutes with the same parameters. Quantitative assessment of counts in the inferior wall of myocardium (M) to those in adjacent abdomen (A) was performed on both pre- and postintervention studies by drawing an ROI of about 50 ± 5 pixels. M/A ratios were recorded for each patient in both the groups. The student t test was performed to evaluate the significance of difference between pre- and postintervention images. P < 0.05 was considered significant. All patients underwent myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography. Results: It was found that the inferior wall of the myocardium was better visualized, and there was no interference from gut or hepatic tracer activity in postintervention planar and single photon emission computed tomography reconstructed views as compared with preintervention images in all patients. The M/A ratio expressed as mean ± SD was significantly higher in the postintervention group, viz. 2.19 ± 0.71 in the anterior and 2.07 ± 0.70 in the LAO45 views as compared with those of preintervention values of 1.50 ± 0.59 in the anterior and 1.41 ± 0.49 in the LAO 45 views, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion: We conclude that intake of carbonated lime drink is a simple and an effective technique to improve the image quality of the inferior wall of the myocardium on myocardial perfusion imaging with Tc-99m MIBI. This technique may also help in reducing the time interval between injection of radiotracer and imaging, which is otherwise delayed in routine practice.