tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intralobar Bronchopulmonary Sequestration of the Lung
Authors: Philip G. Gallagher, Joseph P. Lynch, Howard J. Christian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE term "intralobar bronchopulmonary sequestration of the lung" has been used to describe the association of a congenital cyst of the lower lobe of a lung with an anomalous artery, which arises from the aorta usually at the level of the diaphragm.1 , 2 The original report by Huber in 1777 went essentially unnoticed until Harris redescribed the condition in 1940. Haight warned that failure to recognize the possibility of the entity may result in the surgeon's cutting the large vessel inadvertently. Three per cent of patients operated upon have died owing to such a mishap.3 The increase in the transthoracic approach . . .
Intramolecular Interaction of SUR2 Subtypes for Intracellular ADP-Induced Differential Control of K <sub>ATP</sub> Channels
Authors: Kenji Matsushita, Kengo Kinoshita, Tetsuro Matsuoka, Akikazu Fujita, Takashi Fujikado, Yasuo Tano, Haruki Nakamura, Yoshihisa Kurachi
Journal: Circulation Research (2002)

ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channels are composed of sulfonylurea receptors (SURs) and inwardly rectifying Kir6.2-channels. The C-terminal 42 amino acid residues (C42) of SURs are responsible for ADP-induced differential activation of K(ATP) channels in SUR-subtypes. By examining ADP-effect on K(ATP) channels containing various chimeras of SUR2A and SUR2B, we identified a segment of 7 residues at central portion of C42 critical for this phenomenon. A 3-D structure model of the region containing the second nucleotide-binding domain (NBD2) of SUR and C42 was developed based on the structure of HisP, a nucleotide-binding protein forming the bacterial Histidine transporter complex. In the model, the polar and charged residues in the critical segment located within a distance that allows their electrostatic interaction with Arg1344 at the Walker-A loop of NBD2. Therefore, the interaction might be involved in the control of ADP-induced differential activation of SUR2-subtype K(ATP) channels.
RNase-mediated protein footprint sequencing reveals protein-binding sites throughout the human transcriptome
Authors: Ian M Silverman, Fan Li, Anissa Alexander, Loyal Goff, Cole Trapnell, John L Rinn, Brian D Gregory
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Although numerous approaches have been developed to map RNA-binding sites of individual RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), few methods exist that allow assessment of global RBP–RNA interactions. Here, we describe PIP-seq, a universal, high-throughput, ribonuclease-mediated protein footprint sequencing approach that reveals RNA-protein interaction sites throughout a transcriptome of interest. We apply PIP-seq to the HeLa transcriptome and compare binding sites found using different cross-linkers and ribonucleases. From this analysis, we identify numerous putative RBP-binding motifs, reveal novel insights into co-binding by RBPs, and uncover a significant enrichment for disease-associated polymorphisms within RBP interaction sites.
Group B streptococcal sepsis
Authors: A. S. Cross
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —We read with great interest the article by Schwartz et al 1 that describes the incidence and clinical spectrum of group B streptococcal infection in adults. Their findings in a metropolitan population in 1982 through 1983 were similar to those we reported earlier 2 over a 10-year period in our hospital: a high case-fatality rate (32% in their study) as well as an increased risk of infection in patients with cancer and diabetes. The 38% case-fatality rate among 29 patients with bacteremia in our study occurred despite appropriate therapy, often with combinations that included β-lactam agents and aminoglycosides. Twenty-eight percent of these patients presented in septic shock, while 80% of the fatalities occurred within 48 hours of the first blood isolate of group B streptococcus organisms. The majority of group B streptococcal infections in adults in our hospital appeared to be of nosocomial origin.
503. Mutational Strategy To Enhance or Rescue Functionality of Existing AAV Vectors
Authors: Luk H. Vandenberghe, Michael H. Yang, Julie Johnston, Guangping Gao, James M. Wilson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

In the recent years a plethora of AAVs from various species has become available for use as a gene delivery system. Although this research has yielded several novel promising candidates for use as a gene therapy tool, a significant number of these viral isolates were found inefficient for in vitro or in vivo gene transduction. This finding led us to investigate the structural nature and underlying mechanisms explaining suboptimal gene delivery.
Adverse reactions to D-penicillamine after gold toxicity.
Authors: A Calin
Journal: BMJ (1980)

hyperthyroid patients and observed no change in serum T3 concentrations.2We realise that these 3-adrenergic blocking drugs are less activethanpropranolol as membrane-stabilising agents, both as a local anaesthetic and in their action on intracellular cardiac potentials,3 but we would have expected to see a fall in serum T3 levels if the mechanism proposed by Dr Heyma and others is correct.
TUBERCULOSIS A SOCIAL DISEASE.
Authors: S. A. KNOPF
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Were our great Osler in my place, he would probably in his own inimitable way, treat the subject as if it were a clinical case. He would begin with the etiology, then describe the symptoms, then the prevention and the curative measures, and lastly, the prognosis, the outlook. I will endeavor to carry out this idea as well as I can in my present address, also beginning at the bottom of the social ladder with the children. Tuberculosis in infancy is indirectly due, on the one hand, to either a hereditary or an acquired predisposition, and directly, on the other hand, to a postnatal infection. Direct hereditary transmission of the tuberculous germ from parent to child is of exceedingly rare occurrence. When the father or mother is tuberculous the child may inherit a predisposition, which I like to describe as a physiologic poverty, giving the child less resisting power to
Serum lipids as biomarkers for therapeutic monitoring of latent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Amr S. Albanna, Kenneth Bachmann, Donald White, Chantal Valiquette, Dick Menzies
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

To the Editor: 

The World Health Organization has estimated that more than two billion persons in the world carry latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The diagnosis and treatment of LTBI could have an important impact in preventing the development of active tuberculosis (TB), a disease that causes 1.4 million deaths annually [1]. The current standard treatment of LTBI is nine months of isoniazid (INH) [2]. To improve adherence, a shorter regimen of 4 months rifampicin (RIF) is being evaluated in a multicentre randomised trial (CIHR MCT-94831, registered at www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN05675547). This ongoing trial offers an opportunity to study potential biomarkers as surrogates of successful prevention of active disease [3].

Several changes in lipid metabolism could potentially be utilised as biomarkers of effectiveness of LTBI treatment with RIF or INH. RIF is an important stimulator of the pregnane X receptor (PXR), which has been hypothesised to increase the blood levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and its protein component apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA) [4, 5]. This hypothesis was supported by observational studies that demonstrated an increased plasma level of HDLC among epileptic patients who were taking anticonvulsant medications which activate the PXR [6]. By contrast, treatment with INH was associated with lower cholesterol blood levels in one small study [7]. ApoA and apolipoprotein B (apoB), a protein component of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), have stable serum blood levels without post-prandial changes and low within-individual variability [8]. Total cholesterol and HDLC are inexpensive to measure, reliably …
Bilateral Bowen's disease
Authors: Y. Nishimura, T. Kishigawa, T. Tanaka
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Bilateral Bowen's disease Get access Y. Nishimura, Y. Nishimura Department of Dermatology, Tenri Yorozu Hospital, 200 Mishima, Tenri‐shi, Nara 632‐8552, Japan Youichi Nishimura, Ishi‐jukatu 9, 9‐2 Saiwai‐cho, Toyooka, Hyogo 668‐0025, Japan. E‐mail: n‐you‐1@msi.biglobe.ne.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Kishigawa, T. Kishigawa Department of Dermatology, Tenri Yorozu Hospital, 200 Mishima, Tenri‐shi, Nara 632‐8552, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Tanaka T. Tanaka Department of Dermatology, Tenri Yorozu Hospital, 200 Mishima, Tenri‐shi, Nara 632‐8552, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 151, Issue 1, 1 July 2004, Pages 227–228, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06039.x Published: 01 July 2004 Article history Accepted: 20 November 2003 Published: 01 July 2004
Consultants snub BUPA's partnership plan
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Consultants have criticised the partnership arrangements proposed by BUPA, the independent health company and health insurer.

The BMA's private practice committee has advised doctors not to sign up with the partnership. And after conducting a poll of its members, the Hospital Consultants and Specialists Association called the proposals “unprofessional and an insult.”

BUPA has offered doctors an annual 5% bonus …
583 EVALUATION OF AAV-MEDIATED IFNa-GENE THERAPY EFFICACY IN HBV TRANSGENIC MICE: CONSTITUTIVE VERSUS INDUCIBLE EXPRESSION
Authors: L. Vanrell, C. Olague, A. Vales, A. Pañeda, L. Tenembaum, G. Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Hold the carrots
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In less politically correct days behavioural therapy was called “sticks and carrots.” Now carrots are called “incentives.” Financial incentives, such as the quality and outcomes framework (QOF) system of payments, are widely used in medicine to deliver change. But even well intentioned financial incentives have many unintended and far reaching effects that can distort health care. The traditional strength of the NHS has been the absence of incentives: staff do not expect kickbacks, and the only gift is genuine, impartial advice.

Now general practitioners are being …
In anemia of multiple myeloma, hepcidin is induced by increased bone morphogenetic protein 2
Authors: Ken Maes, Elizabeta Nemeth, G. David Roodman, Alissa Huston, Flavia Esteve, Cesar Freytes, Natalie Callander, Eirini Katodritou, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Seth Rivera, Karin Vanderkerken, Alan Lichtenstein, Tomas Ganz
Journal: Blood (2010)
New molecular insights into the mechanisms of cholestasis
Authors: Martin Wagner, Gernot Zollner, Michael Trauner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)

Recent progress in basic research has enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of normal bile secretion and their alterations in cholestasis. Genetic transporter variants contribute to an entire spectrum of cholestatic liver diseases and can cause hereditary cholestatic syndromes or determine susceptibility and disease progression in acquired cholestatic disorders. Cholestasis is associated with complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional alterations of hepatobiliary transporters and enzymes participating in bile formation. Ligand-activated nuclear receptors for bile acids and other biliary compounds play a key role in the regulation of genes required for bile formation. Pharmacological interventions in cholestasis may aim at modulating such novel regulatory pathways. This review will summarize the principles of molecular alterations in cholestasis and will give an overview of potential clinical implications. Recent progress in basic research has enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of normal bile secretion and their alterations in cholestasis. Genetic transporter variants contribute to an entire spectrum of cholestatic liver diseases and can cause hereditary cholestatic syndromes or determine susceptibility and disease progression in acquired cholestatic disorders. Cholestasis is associated with complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional alterations of hepatobiliary transporters and enzymes participating in bile formation. Ligand-activated nuclear receptors for bile acids and other biliary compounds play a key role in the regulation of genes required for bile formation. Pharmacological interventions in cholestasis may aim at modulating such novel regulatory pathways. This review will summarize the principles of molecular alterations in cholestasis and will give an overview of potential clinical implications.
Authors' reply to Singh and Loke
Authors: J. F. Hilton, J. J. Prochaska
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The principle in intention to treat analysis is that all trial participants be analysed as randomised and followed up to the study end point of interest.1 Both our meta-analysis and that of Singh et al analysed all participants as randomised.2 3 For assessment of cardiovascular safety, we identified the period of treatment exposure plus 30 days as biologically relevant and followed up both arms for equal duration.2 Indeed, the primary end point of the CATS study is major cardiovascular events occurring during the treatment phase. …
Persistence of Tanapox in Tana River Valley
Authors: P. E. C. Manson-Bahr, A. W. Downie
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Sera collected from inhabitants of the Tana River valley in 1971 were examined for antibody to tanapox virus. Neutralizing antibody was present in 16.3%. The levels of antibody and its presence in two children under the age of 10 years indicated that infection had been occurring in the area since the reported outbreak in 1962. A comparison of the incidence and distribution of antibodies in the same sera to West Nile virus revealed marked similarities suggesting that tanapox, like West Nile virus infections, might be transmitted in the same way-namely, by a culicine mosquito.
Peripheral Circulation in Hypertensive Pregnancy
Authors: J. Ginsburg, S. L. B. Duncan
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1967)

The blood flow through the hands, feet, calf of the leg, and forearm is essentially the same during pregnancy and the puerperium in normal women, and in women with mild or severe toxaemia of pregnancy or essential hypertension. The resistance to flow of blood through the limbs is, however, raised.
β-Agonist Use and Death from Asthma
Authors: Anthony J. Alberg
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the meta-analysis of Ms Mullen and colleagues concerning the association between β-agonist use and death from asthma, the association that was present for β-agonists administered by nebulizer was referred to as "weak" and "of very small magnitude."<sup>1</sup>Our evaluation of the evidence they presented does not concur with this assessment. The authors presented two measures of association, the correlation coefficient and the odds ratio (OR). The correlation coefficient was used to infer that the statistically significant association observed for β-agonists administered via nebulizer was of little substantive import. Correlations suffer from limitations as a measure of association and are best avoided when comparing the influence of an exposure in different populations.<sup>2</sup>Employing the OR as the measure of association, users of β-agonists administered via nebulizer were more than twice as likely to die from asthma (pooled OR, 2.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73 to
The Effect of Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors on the Ethnic-Specific Odds for Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Matthew A. Allison, Michael H. Criqui, Robyn L. McClelland, JoAnn M. Scott, Mary M. McDermott, Kiang Liu, Aaron R. Folsom, Alain G. Bertoni, A. Richey Sharrett, Shunichi Homma, Sujata Kori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Tumor Necrosis Factor Production by Murine Macrophages
Authors: Steven Evans, Wilbert Matthews, Roger Perry, Douglas Fraker, Jeffrey Norton, Havey I. Pass
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Tumor Necrosis Factor Production by Murine Macrophages Get access Steven Evans, Steven Evans Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wilbert Matthews, Wilbert Matthews Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roger Perry, Roger Perry Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Douglas Fraker, Douglas Fraker Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jeffrey Norton, Jeffrey Norton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Havey I. Pass Havey I. Pass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 1, 3 January 1990, Pages 34–39, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.1.34 Published: 03 January 1990 Article history Received: 27 March 1989 Revision received: 21 September 1989 Accepted: 03 October 1989 Published: 03 January 1990
Primary oligodendrocyte death does not elicit anti-CNS immunity
Authors: Giuseppe Locatelli, Simone Wörtge, Thorsten Buch, Barbara Ingold, Friederike Frommer, Bettina Sobottka, Martin Krüger, Khalad Karram, Claudia Bühlmann, Ingo Bechmann, Frank L Heppner, Ari Waisman, Burkhard Becher
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
The Law of Practice and localist neural network models
Authors: Andrew Heathcote, Scott Brown
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

An extensive survey by Heathcote et al. (in press) found that the Law of Practice is closer to an exponential than a power form. We show that this result is hard to obtain for models using leaky competitive units when practice affects only the input, but that it can be accommodated when practice affects shunting self-excitation.
Persistence: What does research on self-regulation and delay of gratification have to say?
Authors: Vivian Zayas, Gül Günaydin, Gayathri Pandey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Despite the simplicity of Kurzban et al.'s framework, we argue that important information is lost in their simplification. We discuss research on delay of gratification and self-regulation that identifies key situational and psychological factors affecting how people represent rewards and costs. These factors affect the expected utilities of behavioral options and thus dramatically influence whether individuals persist on a difficult task.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Alone and With Medication for Persistent Insomnia
Authors: Ripu D. Jindal
Journal: JAMA (2009)

To the Editor: In their randomized controlled trial, Dr Morin and colleagues1 demonstrated the superiority of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) alone over CBT combined with intermittent, as-needed use of zolpidem for extended treatment of insomnia. These results should not be surprising.
DRAINAGE OF APICAL ABSCESSES OF TEETH
Authors: Byron C. Darling
Journal: JAMA (1925)

ABSTRACT To the Editor: —The answer to M.D.'s request as to whether a dentist was correct in saying that extraction was entirely unnecessary in the case of four apical abscesses as shown by the roentgen-ray examination, in the Queries and Minor Notes department of The Journal, Dec. 11, 1924, appears to me misleading, since it represents only one side of even the dental attitude in the matter, leaving out of all account the convictions of medical men who have carefully investigated the subject. The dental profession, as shown by a questionnaire by Darling sent to 150 dentists prominent in different parts of the United States (J. Radiol.4:39 [Feb.] 1923) in answer to Question I (a), What is your present opinion as to extraction in the case of a tooth that shows definite periapical pericemental destruction? stands 56 per cent, in favor of extraction; 10 per cent in favor of
Erlotinib Combined with Cyclosporine in a Liver-Transplant Recipient with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutated Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tommaso De Pas, Gianluca Spitaleri, Giuseppe Pelosi, Luciano De Carlis, Katia Lorizzo, Marzia Locatelli, Giuseppe Curigliano, Francesca Toffalorio, Chiara Catania, Filippo de Braud
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
Cardiac Ganglionitis Associated with Sudden Unexpected Death
Authors: THOMAS N. JAMES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

In a postmortem study of the hearts of two young women who died suddenly and unexpectedly, we found a remarkably similar and distinctive ganglionitis, predominantly in the region of the sinus node. Both women had ventricular fibrillation at the time of collapse. Vesicular neuritis and older neural degeneration were present in other regions of the heart. Except for focal fibromuscular dysplasia of the sinus node artery and atrioventricular node artery of one heart, there was no other significant anatomic abnormality in either heart. The functional significance of this cardiac ganglionitis is unclear, but its location in and around the conduction system makes it a possible cause of the fatal electrical instability. Recognition that ganglionitis of the heart may be associated with sudden death should stimulate a number of additionally useful studies.
THE DIAGNOSIS AND RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT GOITER
Authors: MARTIN B. TINKER
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The excuse for presenting so small a series of cases is found in the absence of mortality in dealing with a condition in which a high death rate usually has been reported, and the long duration of cure in several cases. With the exception of recent publications from the Mayo Clinic, only small series of cases by individual operators or collections from the literature have been published. Wilson<sup>1</sup>attributes this to the reluctance to report cases in which the diagnosis has usually been incorrect and the treatment futile. This seems unfortunate, for there are many controverted questions concerning all points in this important subject, and reports of experience and further discussion should help. <h3>IMPORTANCE AND FREQUENCY</h3> Malignancy is not only the most difficult problem but one of the greatest causes of mortality in goiter surgery. Probably death results in at least 50 per cent of the cases of malignant