tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-135b Promotes Cancer Progression by Acting as a Downstream Effector of Oncogenic Pathways in Colon Cancer
Authors: Nicola Valeri, Chiara Braconi, Pierluigi Gasparini, Claudio Murgia, Andrea Lampis, Viola Paulus-Hock, Jonathan R Hart, Lynn Ueno, Sergei I Grivennikov, Francesca Lovat, Alessio Paone, Luciano Cascione, Khlea M Sumani, Angelo Veronese, Muller Fabbri, Stefania Carasi, Hansjuerg Alder, Giovanni Lanza, Roberta Gafa', Mary P Moyer, Rachel A Ridgway, Julia Cordero, Gerard J Nuovo, Wendy L Frankel, Massimo Rugge, Matteo Fassan, Joanna Groden, Peter K Vogt, Michael Karin, Owen J Sansom, Carlo M Croce
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)

MicroRNA deregulation is frequent in human colorectal cancers (CRCs), but little is known as to whether it represents a bystander event or actually drives tumor progression in vivo. We show that miR-135b overexpression is triggered in mice and humans by APC loss, PTEN/PI3K pathway deregulation, and SRC overexpression and promotes tumor transformation and progression. We show that miR-135b upregulation is common in sporadic and inflammatory bowel disease-associated human CRCs and correlates with tumor stage and poor clinical outcome. Inhibition of miR-135b in CRC mouse models reduces tumor growth by controlling genes involved in proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. We identify miR-135b as a key downsteam effector of oncogenic pathways and a potential target for CRC treatment.
Dryer Vents: An Overlooked Source of Pollution?
Authors: Rebecca Kessler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Forum Mercury Levels Lower in Great Lakes, but Still HighAlthough mercury concentrations have decreased about 20% in fish, fish-eating birds, and inland lake sediments across the Great Lakes region in recent decades, levels in top predator fish and wildlife are still dangerously high, and in some places concentrations in some fish and wildlife may now be increasing, according to a new report. 1Levels of mercury in fillets of six commonly consumed game fish species were above the U.S. EPA's designated human health advisory level of 0.3 ppm across much of the region.The report cited controls on mercury emissions from medical and municipal waste incinerators, chloralkali facilities, and other sources as the main reason for decreases in mercury in the region. Sweet Solution for Polluted SoilRecent news reports bring fresh attention to a sweet ingredient for remediating solvent-laden soils: molasses. 2The syrup is diluted and pumped into injection wells from which the solution flows into polluted soil.Once in the soil, the molasses feeds naturally occurring microbes that m e t a b o l i z e s o l v e n t s i n t o n o n t o x i c by-products.The process has been studied for over a decade and is currently being used in New Jersey and several other states.DuPont recently scratched a pilot study on a similar process that would have used soybean oil to remove perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene from groundwater. 3New studies will help refine predictions of health impacts of climate change.
AB1142-HPR Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions for Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: K. Veetõusme
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease of currently unknown etiology. Clinical manifestations of SLE are diverse and changing with time; it is a rare disease that can be life-threatening. Basic nursing training gives a general overview of SLE. For a nurse working with rheumatic patients, SLE is a challenging disease, which requires additional knowledge on the nursing care of patients with SLE. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the nursing diagnoses and interventions for patients with SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> An overview of relevant literature, published from 2003 to 2012. Presented here is a part of the author9s graduation project at the Tallinn Health Care College. <h3>Results</h3> The leading SLE patients9 nursing diagnosis is pain, including arthralgia and myalgia in 95% (1), headache in 30-70% (2, 3), pleurodynia in 45-60%, abdominal pain in 30% (4) of cases. The other common diagnoses are fatigue (67-90%; 5), impaired physical activity (66%; 6), disturbed body image, and chronic unhappiness. SLE 9s main nursing problems are not life-threatening, but they do have a noticeable effect on the patient9s physical, social and psychological function. Nursing interventions include assessment and monitoring of the patient9s mental and physical condition, patient teaching, counseling and encouragement according to the patient9s needs and level of education. An effective nursing intervention is characterized by the improvement in SLE patient9s adaptation and mental health. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Identification of the problems of a SLE patient are particularly challenging due to great variation of the patient9s individual concerns. Successful cooperation between a nurse and a SLE patient, which forms a solid basis for improving the patient9s quality of life and coping, requires sound knowledge of SLE from nurses. <h3>References</h3> Birkenfeldt, R., Haviko, T., Kallikorm, R., Kull, M., Kuuse, R., Pruunsild, C., Tamm, A., Tender, M. (2012). Reumatoloogia. Tallinn: Medicina. Weder-Cisneros, N. D., Téllez-Zenteno, J.F., Cardiel, M. H., Guibert-Toledano, M., Cabiedes, J., Velásquez-Paz, A.L., García-Ramos, G., Cantú, C. (2004). Prevalence and factors associated with headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Cephalalgia, 24(12), 1031–1044. Ainiala, H. (2011). Neuropsychiatric Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Tampere: University of Tampere. Bertsias, G., Cervera, R., Boumpas, T. D. (2012). Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features. 476- 505. Cleanthous, S., Tyagi, M., Isenberg, D. A., Newman, S. P. (2012). What do we know about self-reported fatigue in systemic lupus erythematosus? Lupus, 21(5), 465-476. Katz, P., Morris, A., Trupin, L., Yazdany, J., Yelin, E. (2008). Disability in Valued Life Activities Among Individuals With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 59(4), 465–473. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4249
Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome (neutral lipid storage disease): new clinical features
Authors: C. Pena-Penabad, M. Almagro, W. Martinez, J. Garcia-Silva, J. Del Pozo, M.T. Yebra, C. Sanchez-Manzano, E. Fonseca
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Dorfman–Chanarin syndrome (neutral lipid storage disease): new clinical features Get access C. Peña‐Penabad, C. Peña‐Penabad Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Almagro, M. Almagro Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Martínez, W. Martínez Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. García‐Silva, J. García‐Silva Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Del Pozo, J. Del Pozo Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.T. Yebra, M.T. Yebra Pathology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Sánchez‐Manzano, C. Sánchez‐Manzano Haematology, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, La Coruña, SpainE‐mail: med000652@nacom.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Fonseca E. Fonseca Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 2, 1 February 2001, Pages 430–432, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04051.x Published: 01 February 2001
Complex Germline Architecture: Two Genes Intertwined on Two Loci
Authors: Shiuhyang Kuo, Wei-Jen Chang, Laura F. Landweber
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

The germline micronuclear genome of some ciliated protists can be scrambled, with coding segments disordered relative to the expressed macronuclear genome. Here, we report a surprisingly complex pair of genes that assemble from interwoven segments on two germline loci in the ciliate Uroleptus. This baroque organization requires two scrambled genes to be disentangled from each other from two clusters in the genome, one containing segments 1-2-4-5-6-8-11-13-15-16 and the other 7-9-3-10-12-14, with pieces 1–5 comprising the first gene and 6–16 the second gene. Both genes remain linked in the somatic genome on a 1.5-kb “nanochromosome.” This study is the first to reveal that two genes can become scrambled during evolution with their coding segments intertwined. These twin scrambled genes underscore the beauty and exceptions of protist genome architecture, pointing to the critical need for evolutionary biologists to survey protist genomes broadly.
Molecular epidemiology of an outbreak of Staphylococcus epidermidis in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: C.M. Pope, G. Hogg, A. Coffey, J. Fullerton, S. Christie, J.G. Barr, C.H.W. Webb, H.L. Halliday, K.B. Bamford
Journal: Journal of Infection (1999)
Interplay of Genetic Risk Factors (<i>CHRNA5</i>-<i>CHRNA3</i>-<i>CHRNB4</i>) and Cessation Treatments in Smoking Cessation Success
Authors: Li-Shiun Chen, Timothy B. Baker, Megan E. Piper, Naomi Breslau, Dale S. Cannon, Kimberly F. Doheny, Stephanie M. Gogarten, Eric O. Johnson, Nancy L. Saccone, Jen C. Wang, Robert B. Weiss, Alison M. Goate, Laura Jean Bierut
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

Smoking is highly intractable, and the genetic influences on cessation are unclear. Identifying the genetic factors affecting smoking cessation could elucidate the nature of tobacco dependence, enhance risk assessment, and support development of treatment algorithms. This study tested whether variants in the nicotinic receptor gene cluster CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 predict age at smoking cessation and relapse after an attempt to quit smoking.
Unusual Findings in 201TI-Myocardium Scintigraphy: The "Hot Heart" Sign
Authors: SHARON G. DASPIT, DALE R. STEMPLE, PAUL W. DOHERTY, MICHAEL L. GORIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

A case is presented in which right ventricular hypertrophy resulted in an ECG study suggestive of myocardial infarction and 201Tl-myocardial imaging with unexpectedly high count rates and a confusing morphology. Once the anomaly in the anatomical presentation was understood, the case was easily resolved.
Role of inhalation studies with animals in defining human health risks for vehicle and power plant emissions.
Authors: R O McClellan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Automotive vehicles and power plants using fossil fuels emit a complex array of gases and particulate material. The physical and chemical characteristics of these emissions vary markedly between sources and comprise only a portion of the contributors to air pollution exposure of people. Further, it is well recognized that a single form of self-inflicted air pollution, cigarette smoking, is the dominant cause of air pollution-induced disease. These factors minimize our potential for developing an adequate understanding of the health effects of vehicle and power plant emissions by studying only people. The alternative is to use the human data to the extent feasible and complement it with information gained in studies with macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues and whole animals. Within this context, this paper reviews the use of inhalation studies with animals for defining human health risks of airborne materials, especially particulate materials. The major areas covered are: the fate of inhaled materials, the pathogenesis of disease induced by inhaled materials and long-term animal studies to identify late-occurring effects. Emphasis is placed on the utility of studies in whole animals as integrative models in which the multiple processes such as xenobiotic metabolism, cell injury, repair, transformation and promotion under the influence of many host factors interact in a manner that may not be directly observed in isolated cells or tissues.
Report sets out plan for tackling urgent and emergency care pressures
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 10 point action plan to deal with the challenges faced by urgent and emergency care services has been laid out by the Royal College of Physicians, the NHS Confederation, the Society for Acute Medicine, and the College of Emergency Medicine.1

The plan, Urgent and emergency care: a prescription for the future , calls for greater collaboration in hospitals and for hospital services to work alongside general practice, social care, and mental health services to manage emergency patients. It says effective liaison …
OBSERVATIONS ON THE ETIOLOGIC RELATIONSHIP OF ACHYLIA GASTRICA TO PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. VIII. FURTHER STUDIES OF THE PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF NORMAL HUMAN GASTRIC JUICE IN VITRO; AND THE LIMITATIONS OF THE METHOD IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA 1
Authors: C. J. Gessler, S. O. Dexter, Margaret A. Adams, F. H. L. Taylor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1940)

It has been shown in previous studies (1, 2) that normal human gastric juice contains a pro- teolytic enzyme capable of hydrolyzing casein to the proteose stage in an alkaline medium, but not at hydrion concentrations below pH 4. This range of activity and certain other properties would seem to distinguish the enzyme from pep- sin, while the failure of the enzyme to produce large amounts of amino-nitrogen within 24 hours appears to rule out trypsin and erepsin, acting in their generally accepted manner.Although no assertion can be made that this proteolytic activity is identical with that of the so-called intrinsic factor as detected clinically, it is of interest that the proteolytic activity in question is retained or destroyed under certain cir- cumstances which affect the clinical activity of the intrinsic factor in a similar fashion (2).The present communication presents further resem- blances of this nature.It also includes data indi- cating the limitations of the method of the in vitro hydrolysis of casein as a means of determining the activity in question in samples of the gastric contents of patients with pernicious anemia.A. Effect of adsorption with Lloyd's reagent and of dialysis upon normal human gastric juice Gastric juice visibly free from bile was col- lected from normal persons after the administration of 0.5 mgm. of histamine phosphate.This fresh gastric juice or subsequent modifications were brought to approximately pH 7.4 with nor- mal sodium hydroxide.Fifty ml. of such ma-
Response of Hemiballismus to Haloperidol
Authors: Michael J. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent letter and reply submitted by Drs Gilden and Gilbert, respectively, (235:475, 1976) raise several pertinent points regarding the response of hemiballismus to haloperidol. In this context, we cite the following. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> On Nov 10, 1975, a 61-year-old diabetic woman had sudden onset of periodic involuntary movements of the right upper extremity. These were jerklike, purposeless, and at times, flailing and hurling. Numerous superficial injuries to the involved limb had occurred as a result of some of the more violent rotary excursions. At the time of admission, Nov 17, 1975, the movements were continuous and quite disabling. Although primarily proximal, features of both chorea and ballismus were present. They were noted to abate transiently only with great concentration by the patient. The remainder of the neurologic examination was unremarkable. Laboratory studies, such as cerebrospinal fluid evaluation, skull, roentgenograms, an electroencephalogram, a brain scan,
The Recruitment and Medical Training of Men and Women in England in 1964
Authors: Dame Janet Vaughan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE training of the English medical student before 1940 followed traditional lines. There was a premedical course of basic science, which usually lasted for one year, followed by a two-year preclinical course of human anatomy and physiology, which led on to the period of clinical training at the bedside and in the outpatient clinic. The latter was given by consultants in the medical specialties who were also engaged in private practice. Two events have brought considerable changes to this pattern though the emphasis in the clinical period is still on bedside training and the actual responsibility of the students for . . .
271 Embryonic hepatoblasts share patterns of gene expression with other stem cell populations
Authors: T ADER, R NOREL, C ROGLER, L ROGLER
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Much evidence has demonstrated that a number of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporters including P-glycoprotein (PGP), the multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) and the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) are highly expressed in placental tissues and are believed to profoundly limit the passage of therapeutic or toxic xenobiotics to the fetus. Recent studies indicate that the oral hypoglycemic glyburide does not cross the human placenta to an appreciable extent. Our objective was to identify placental transporters potentially involved in limiting the transplacental transfer of glyburide to the fetus. Thus, [3H]-glyburide transport was examined in BCRP, PGP, MRP1, MRP2 and MRP3 over-expressing cell lines in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors. Our results demonstrated significant increases in the intracellular accumulation of [3H]-glyburide in BCRP and MRP3 over-expressing cells in the presence of the inhibitors novobiocin and indomethacin, respectively. PGP inhibition with verapamil or MRP inhibition with indomethacin did not affect [3H]-glyburide accumulation in the PGP or MRP2 over-expressing cell lines and only limited changes were seen in the MRP1 over-expressing cell line. On the other hand, glyburide was found to significantly inhibit MRP1-, MRP2- and MRP3-mediated efflux of 5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate and PGP-mediated transport of rhodamine 123. Our evidence is the first to clearly indicate that glyburide is preferentially transported by BCRP and MRP3.
Living Alone and Risk of Mortality in Older, Community-Dwelling Adults
Authors: Bamini Gopinath, Elena Rochtchina, Kaarin J. Anstey, Paul Mitchell
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Bamini Gopinath, BTech (Hons), PhD; Elena Rochtchina, BSc, MApplStat; Kaarin J. Anstey, BA (Hons), PhD; Paul Mitchell, MBBS, MD, PhD
Phase II study of treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with folate-receptor-targeted therapeutic (vintafolide) and companion SPECT-based imaging agent (99mTc-etarfolatide)
Authors: R.T. Morris, R.N. Joyrich, R.W. Naumann, N.P. Shah, A.H. Maurer, H.W. Strauss, J.M. Uszler, J.T. Symanowski, P.R. Ellis, W.A. Harb
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Determining Effective Methadone Doses for Individual Opioid-Dependent Patients
Authors: Jodie A Trafton, Jared Minkel, Keith Humphreys
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Background Randomized clinical trials of methadone maintenance have found that on average high daily doses are more effective for reducing heroin use, and clinical practice guidelines recommend 60 mg/d as a minimum dosage. Nevertheless, many clinicians report that some patients can be stably maintained on lower methadone dosages to optimal effect, and clinic dosing practices vary substantially. Studies of individual responses to methadone treatment may be more easily translated into clinical practice. Methods and Findings A volunteer sample of 222 opioid-dependent US veterans initiating methadone treatment was prospectively observed over the year after treatment entry. In the 168 who achieved at least 1 mo of heroin abstinence, methadone dosages on which patients maintained heroin-free urine samples ranged from 1.5 mg to 191.2 mg (median = 69 mg). Among patients who achieved heroin abstinence, higher methadone dosages were predicted by having a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder or depression, having a greater number of previous opioid detoxifications, living in a region with lower average heroin purity, attending a clinic where counselors discourage dosage reductions, and staying in treatment longer. These factors predicted 42% of the variance in dosage associated with heroin abstinence. Conclusions Effective and ineffective methadone dosages overlap substantially. Dosing guidelines should focus more heavily on appropriate processes of dosage determination rather than solely specifying recommended dosages. To optimize therapy, methadone dosages must be titrated until heroin abstinence is achieved.
Tumor Growth Dependent on Kaposi's Sarcoma-Derived Fibroblast Growth Factor Inhibited by Pentosan Polysulfate
Authors: A. Wellstein, G. Zugmaier, J. A. Califano, F. Kern, S. Paik, M. E. Lippman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

A neoangiogenic response is critical for the unrestricted growth of solid tumors beyond a few millimeters in diameter. Release of adequate growth-stimulating activity from tumor cells is obviously required for the stimulation of blood vessel growth, and blockade of such stimulatory activity should repress tumor growth at the microscopic level. To test this hypothesis and to study appropriate inhibitors, we used a human adrenal cancer cell line (SW-13/K-fgf) engineered to secrete Kaposi's sarcoma-derived fibroblast growth factor (K-FGF), which we previously showed to induce growth of highly vascularized subcutaneous tumors in animals by autocrine and paracrine stimuli. In the present study, we tested different polysulfates for their selective inhibition of proliferation induced by K-FGF versus proliferation independent of K-FGF. Suramin and dextran sulfate showed slight selective inhibition of K-FGF-induced proliferation, ie, inhibition three- and five-fold greater, respectively, than the inhibition of proliferation independent of K-FGF. In contrast, heparin was inactive. The heparin analogue pentosan polysulfate (PPS), however, showed selective inhibition that was more than 2000-fold greater. The inhibitory effects of PPS on growth of SW-13/K-fgf cells, as well as endothelial cells, were fully reversible by an excess of added FGF. Daily intraperitoneal injections of PPS were tolerated well by athymic nude mice and prevented growth of subcutaneous SW-13/K-fgf tumor xenografts. PPS will be a useful tool to elucidate the effects of FGFs in vitro and in vivo and appears to be a prototype for the development of tumoricidal therapy based on targeting of growth factors.
ACIDOSIS.EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE THAT ITS NERVOUS SYMPTOMS ARE NOT WHOLLY DUE TO LACK OF ALKALI.
Authors: RAY LYMAN WILBUR
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The following experiments were performed in the hope of throwing some light on acidosis and coma in diabetes. Coma is usually ascribed to the effect on the nervous system of the circulation of blood of diminished alkalescence in the blood vessels, and it is usually assumed that this blood change is due to the chemical union of certain acids, particularly betaoxybutyric, with the alkali of the blood. It is for this reason that sodium bicarbonate is administered by mouth in moderate acidosis, and sodium carbonate given intravenously for coma. These measures are not uniformly successful, and frequently much less so than theoretical considerations would lead one to expect. There are some facts pointing toward a specific toxic action of betaoxybutyric acid. Intravenous infusions into forty rabbits were made with dilute solutions of sulphuric, acetic, lactic and betaoxybutyric acids, and with neutralized betaoxybutyric and lactic acids. These infusions were made in