tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Impact Dermatologists Can Have on Misdiagnosis of Cellulitis and Overuse of Antibiotics
Authors: Lauren C. Hughey
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Gestational Age at Birth and Mortality in Young Adulthood
Authors: Casey Crump, Kristina Sundquist, Jan Sundquist, Marilyn A. Winkleby
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant mortality in developed countries, but the association between gestational age at birth and mortality in adulthood remains unknown.To examine the association between gestational age at birth and mortality in young adulthood.National cohort study of 674,820 individuals born as singletons in Sweden in 1973 through 1979 who survived to age 1 year, including 27,979 born preterm (gestational age <37 weeks), followed up to 2008 (ages 29-36 years).All-cause and cause-specific mortality.A total of 7095 deaths occurred in 20.8 million person-years of follow-up. Among individuals still alive at the beginning of each age range, a strong inverse association was found between gestational age at birth and mortality in early childhood (ages 1-5 years: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] for each additional week of gestation, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89-0.94; P < .001), which disappeared in late childhood (ages 6-12 years: aHR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95-1.03; P = .61) and adolescence (ages 13-17 years: aHR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95-1.03; P = .64) and then reappeared in young adulthood (ages 18-36 years: aHR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.97; P < .001). In young adulthood, mortality rates (per 1000 person-years) by gestational age at birth were 0.94 for 22 to 27 weeks, 0.86 for 28 to 33 weeks, 0.65 for 34 to 36 weeks, 0.46 for 37 to 42 weeks (full-term), and 0.54 for 43 or more weeks. Preterm birth was associated with increased mortality in young adulthood even among individuals born late preterm (34-36 weeks, aHR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.13-1.50; P < .001), relative to those born full-term. In young adulthood, gestational age at birth had the strongest inverse association with mortality from congenital anomalies and respiratory, endocrine, and cardiovascular disorders and was not associated with mortality from neurological disorders, cancer, or injury.After excluding earlier deaths, low gestational age at birth was independently associated with increased mortality in early childhood and young adulthood.
Are the Peers Peers?-Reply
Authors: Stanton A. Glantz
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In Reply.  —The statement by Dr Gruder and colleagues that tobacco policy applications were funded by the TRDRP at a higher rate than applications as a whole is misleading. By our count, in the last review cycle only two tobacco policy grants were funded (out of a total of five submissions), and one of these was a grant application submitted by Dr Bero, which had the policy components of the proposal deleted by the study section. This compares with 90 funded grants out of 391 applications for nonpolicy grants. One of our points was that the inappropriate selection of peers discouraged submission of policy grants.  We were, nonetheless, surprised that Gruder et al criticized our article, because he and his colleagues at TRDRP had already taken affirmative steps to remedy the problems in the peer review process we identified. In particular, last year TRDRP convened a new study section to
Connexin43 Is Highly Localized to Sites of Disturbed Flow in Rat Aortic Endothelium but Connexin37 and Connexin40 Are More Uniformly Distributed
Authors: Joseph E. Gabriels, David L. Paul
Journal: Circulation Research (1998)

Abstract —Vascular endothelial cells are linked by gap junctions, which facilitate the propagation of electrical and chemical signals along the vessel wall. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution and identity of the gap junction structural proteins (connexins) expressed by endothelial cells in situ. Connexin expression in different regions of the rat aortic endothelium was analyzed with the use of indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blotting. Connexin40 and connexin37 were present in most, if not all, of the thoracic and abdominal aortic endothelia in the form of maculae at cell-cell appositions. In contrast, connexin43 was undetectable in most endothelia but extremely abundant in small numbers of cells localized at the downstream edge of the ostia of branching vessels and at flow dividers, regions that experience turbulent shear stress from disturbed blood flow. To examine the relationship of shear stress and connexin43 expression, localized stress was induced by surgical coarctation of the aorta, which was sufficient to cause striking local upregulation of connexin43 within 8 days. Thus, increases in connexin43 levels are an endothelial response to mechanical stress.
A High-Level Disinfection Standard for Land-Applied Sewage Sludges (Biosolids)
Authors: David K. Gattie, David L. Lewis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Complaints associated with land-applied sewage sludges primarily involve irritation of the skin, mucous membranes, and the respiratory tract accompanied by opportunistic infections. Volatile emissions and organic dusts appear to be the main source of irritation. Occasionally, chronic gastrointestinal problems are reported by affected residents who have private wells. To prevent acute health effects, we recommend that the current system of classifying sludges based on indicator pathogen levels (Class A and Class B) be replaced with a single high-level disinfection standard and that methods used to treat sludges be improved to reduce levels of irritant chemicals, especially endotoxins. A national opinion survey of individuals impacted by or concerned about the safety of land-application practices indicated that most did not consider the practice inherently unsafe but that they lacked confidence in research supported by federal and state agencies.
A role for eukaryotic initiation factor 4B overexpression in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: E Horvilleur, T Sbarrato, K Hill, R V Spriggs, M Screen, P J Goodrem, K Sawicka, L C Chaplin, C Touriol, G Packham, K N Potter, S Dirnhofer, A Tzankov, M J S Dyer, M Bushell, M MacFarlane, A E Willis
Journal: Leukemia (2013)

Dysregulated expression of factors that control protein synthesis is associated with poor prognosis of many cancers, but the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. Analysis of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) translatome revealed selective upregulation of mRNAs encoding anti-apoptotic and DNA repair proteins. We show that enhanced synthesis of these proteins in DLBCL is mediated by the relief of repression that is normally imposed by structure in the 5'-untranslated regions of their corresponding mRNAs. This process is driven by signaling through mammalian target of rapamycin, resulting in increased synthesis of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4B complex (eIF4B), a known activator of the RNA helicase eIF4A. Reducing eIF4B expression alone is sufficient to decrease synthesis of proteins associated with enhanced tumor cell survival, namely DAXX, BCL2 and ERCC5. Importantly, eIF4B-driven expression of these key survival proteins is directly correlated with patient outcome, and eIF4B, DAXX and ERCC5 are identified as novel prognostic markers for poor survival in DLBCL. Our work provides new insights into the mechanisms by which the cancer-promoting translational machinery drives lymphomagenesis.
Inner and Outer Space
Authors: RICHARD RABKIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

One effect of the concept of "inner space," developed to explain the forces working to change a person's behavior, has been to "de-tribalize" man. A new school of social psychiatry, more interested in the tribe, community, and family, has evolved the concept of "outer space." The author describes its heritage (going back to the Greeks), outlook, and intention, and gives three case examples of its practical application.
Identification of Adverse Events Occurring during Hospitalization
Authors: Troyen A. Brennan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

To estimate the efficacy of a medical record review for identifying adverse events and negligent case suffered by hospitalized patients.Cross-sectional study comparing an objective medical record review with information available from hospital quality assurance records as well as risk management and litigation records.Two metropolitan teaching hospitals in the northeastern United States.Using the litigation and risk management records as a criterion standard, we found that the medical record review had a sensitivity of 80% (93 of 116; 95% CI, 73% to 88%) for discovering adverse events and a sensitivity of 76% (51 of 67; 95% CI, 66% to 86%) for discovering negligent care. We estimated that record review of a random sample of hospitalizations across a geographic region would have even higher sensitivity (adverse-event sensitivity, 84%; negligence sensitivity, 80%). Moreover, we found that the adverse events we failed to discover led to less costly malpractice claims. A significant number of adverse events (20 of 172) among hospitalizations never gave rise to litigation or risk management investigation. Six of the twenty were due to negligent care. Quality assurance efforts at the level of the clinical departments in one hospital led to review of only 12 out of 82 risk management records.The overwhelming majority of adverse events and episodes of negligent care are discoverable with the methods we used to evaluate medical records. Quality assurance efforts using similar record review methods should be further evaluated.
Familial occurrence of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver: a report on three families
Authors: J Dumortier, O Boillot, M Chevallier, F Berger, P Potier, P-J Valette, P Paliard, J-Y Scoazec
Journal: Gut (1999)

BACKGROUND/AIMS Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver is a histological lesion usually associated with systemic diseases, haematological malignancies, or drugs. Its prognosis depends on portal hypertension, which usually is well tolerated and requires medical management only. PATIENTS Three unrelated families, in which two sibling adult male patients presented with nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver, were studied. METHODS Complete clinical charts and liver biopsy specimens were available for all patients. In addition, explanted livers were available for examination for the two transplanted patients. RESULTS There was no evidence of any of the various clinical situations known to be associated with nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. Portal hypertension was severe, requiring surgical treatment in two cases. Renal lesions were present in three patients. In two patients, progressive evolution to liver atrophy and hepatic failure, associated with renal failure, led to combined liver and renal transplantation. CONCLUSIONS This report describes the existence of familial cases of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver, occurring without underlying or associated systemic disease, characterised by a poor clinical course and often associated with progressive renal failure.
Albumin-associated free fatty acids induce macropinocytosis in podocytes
Authors: Jun-Jae Chung, Tobias B. Huber, Markus Gödel, George Jarad, Björn Hartleben, Christopher Kwoh, Alexander Keil, Aleksey Karpitskiy, Jiancheng Hu, Christine J. Huh, Marina Cella, Richard W. Gross, Jeffrey H. Miner, Andrey S. Shaw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Podocytes are specialized epithelial cells in the kidney glomerulus that play important structural and functional roles in maintaining the filtration barrier. Nephrotic syndrome results from a breakdown of the kidney filtration barrier and is associated with proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, and edema. Additionally, podocytes undergo changes in morphology and internalize plasma proteins in response to this disorder. Here, we used fluid-phase tracers in murine models and determined that podocytes actively internalize fluid from the plasma and that the rate of internalization is increased when the filtration barrier is disrupted. In cultured podocytes, the presence of free fatty acids (FFAs) associated with serum albumin stimulated macropinocytosis through a pathway that involves FFA receptors, the Gβ/Gγ complex, and RAC1. Moreover, mice with elevated levels of plasma FFAs as the result of a high-fat diet were more susceptible to Adriamycin-induced proteinuria than were animals on standard chow. Together, these results support a model in which podocytes sense the disruption of the filtration barrier via FFAs bound to albumin and respond by enhancing fluid-phase uptake. The response to FFAs may function in the development of nephrotic syndrome by amplifying the effects of proteinuria.
Alcohol intoxication and severity of injury in victims of assault
Authors: J. Shepherd, M. Irish, C. Scully, I. Leslie
Journal: BMJ (1988)

470 victimes d'agressions examinees dans des services d'urgence ont ete interrogees sur l'absorption d'alcool dans les 12 h precedentes et leur alcoolemie est dosee. Les lesions sont classees en 5 categories d'apres leur gravite et leur multiplicite. Les resultats montrent que les lesions les moins graves sont plus souvent notees chez les non-buveurs, et les plus graves et les plus nombreuses chez les sujets ayant absorbe plus d'alcool
Definitive Hosts of a Species of Diphyllobothrium causing Mass Infection of Trout in Reservoirs
Authors: M. D. Hickey, J. R. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1944)

jOURNALTwo weeks later the patient came up complaining of a sudden onset of numbness and tingling in the right hand.There was pro- nounced tenderness over the roots of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth-cervical nerves.This responded rapidly to short-wave therapy, and the patient has been perfectly well since. COMMENTThe case is unusual in view of the age of the patient and the nature of the lesion.
Changes in sputum counts and airway hyperresponsiveness after budesonide: Monitoring anti-inflammatory response on the basis of surrogate markers of airway inflammation
Authors: Gaetano Prosperini, Kajakulasingam Rajakulasingam, Rossella R. Cacciola, Lucia Spicuzza, Steuart Rorke, Stephen T. Holgate, Giuseppe U. Di Maria, Riccardo Polosa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Viral Delivery of Antioxidant Genes as a Therapeutic Strategy in Experimental Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Aikaterini Nanou, Adrian Higginbottom, Chiara F Valori, Matthew Wyles, Ke Ning, Pamela Shaw, Mimoun Azzouz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no effective treatment to date. Despite its multi-factorial aetiology, oxidative stress is hypothesized to be one of the key pathogenic mechanisms. It is thus proposed that manipulation of the expression of antioxidant genes that are downregulated in the presence of mutant SOD1 may serve as a therapeutic strategy for motor neuronal protection. Lentiviral vectors expressing either PRDX3 or NRF2 genes were tested in the motor neuronal-like NSC34 cell line, and in the ALS tissue culture model, NSC34 cells expressing the human SOD1G93A mutation. The NSC34 SOD1G93A cells overexpressing either PRDX3 or NRF2 showed a significant decrease in endogenous oxidation stress levels by 40 and 50% respectively compared with controls, whereas cell survival was increased by 30% in both cases. The neuroprotective potential of those two genes was further investigated in vivo in the SOD1G93A ALS mouse model, by administering intramuscular injections of adenoassociated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) expressing either of the target genes at a presymptomatic stage. Despite the absence of a significant effect in survival, disease onset or progression, which can be explained by the inefficient viral delivery, the promising in vitro data suggest that a more widespread CNS delivery is needed. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no effective treatment to date. Despite its multi-factorial aetiology, oxidative stress is hypothesized to be one of the key pathogenic mechanisms. It is thus proposed that manipulation of the expression of antioxidant genes that are downregulated in the presence of mutant SOD1 may serve as a therapeutic strategy for motor neuronal protection. Lentiviral vectors expressing either PRDX3 or NRF2 genes were tested in the motor neuronal-like NSC34 cell line, and in the ALS tissue culture model, NSC34 cells expressing the human SOD1G93A mutation. The NSC34 SOD1G93A cells overexpressing either PRDX3 or NRF2 showed a significant decrease in endogenous oxidation stress levels by 40 and 50% respectively compared with controls, whereas cell survival was increased by 30% in both cases. The neuroprotective potential of those two genes was further investigated in vivo in the SOD1G93A ALS mouse model, by administering intramuscular injections of adenoassociated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) expressing either of the target genes at a presymptomatic stage. Despite the absence of a significant effect in survival, disease onset or progression, which can be explained by the inefficient viral delivery, the promising in vitro data suggest that a more widespread CNS delivery is needed.
A Podiatry Fairytale
Authors: Adam Possner
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IMPLANTATION OF A GLASS BALL FOR THE SUPPORT OF AN ARTIFICIAL EYE AND MULES' OPERATION FOR THE SUBSTITUTION OF ENUCLEATION OF AN EYEBALL.
Authors: L. WEBSTER FOX
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The satisfactory results attending evisceration for the better support of an artificial eye have led me to implant a glass or silver ball in those cases where the eyeball had been enucleated at an earlier period. After an enucleation, and the artificial eye is adjusted, we have the objectionable enophthalmus and a fixed eyeball stare. Owing to the sinking of the artificial eye the secretions are retained in the cul-desac and in a short time we have the muco-purulent discharge, which adhere to the margin of the lids and also crust the anterior portion of the artificial eye, rendering the wearing of it most objectionable. It was to overcome these objections that Mr. Adams Frost of London, in 1886, practiced the insertion of a glass ball immediately after enucleation of an eyeball. His method was as follows: After incising the conjunctiva all around the cornea, each rectus muscle was raised
Dominant mutations in the type II collagen gene, COL2A1, produce spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Strudwick type
Authors: George E. Tiller, Paula A. Polumbo, Mary Ann Weis, Ray Bogaert, Ralph S. Lachman, Daniel H. Cohn, David L. Rimoin, David R. Eyre
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Missense mutations of the WASP gene cause intermittent X-linked thrombocytopenia
Authors: Lucia D. Notarangelo, Cinzia Mazza, Silvia Giliani, Chiara D'Aria, Francesca Gandellini, Chiara Ravelli, Maria Grazia Locatelli, David L. Nelson, Hans D. Ochs, Luigi D. Notarangelo
Journal: Blood (2002)
Erroneous Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
Authors: JOHN OWEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1978Erroneous Activated Partial Thromboplastin TimeJOHN OWEN, M.D., EREN PAYNE, R.T., KELVIN CARSTAIRS, M.B.JOHN OWEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, EREN PAYNE, R.T.Search for more papers by this author, KELVIN CARSTAIRS, M.B.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-1-146_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We wish to draw attention to the problem of erroneous results of activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTT) when plasma samples from patients on heparin are tested with the Lancer CoagulyzerTm. The errors can be large enough to interfere with appropriate therapy.The Coagulyzer is an automated clot detector with a turntable capable of holding 60 samples, and it has two automatic reagent pipettes, positioned eight stations apart; six of these are heated to 37 °C. When the machine is set to the aPTT mode, the first pipette delivers the aPTT reagent (in our laboratory, General Diagnostics [Morris...References1. JOIST J, COWAN J, and KHAN M: Rapid loss of factor XII and XI activity in ellagic acid-activated normal plasma: role of plasma inhibitors and implications for automated activated partial thromboplastin time recording. J Lab Clin Med 90:1054-1065, 1977 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. HATTERSLEY P and HAYES D: The effect of increased contact activation time on the activated partial thromboplastin time. Am J Clin Pathol 66:479-482, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN OWEN, M.D.; EREN PAYNE, R.T.; KELVIN CARSTAIRS, M.B.Affiliations: Toronto General Hospital Toronto, ON M5G 1L7 Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAnticoagulant heparinsAnticoagulation Monitoring Part 2: Unfractionated Heparin and Low-Molecular-Weight HeparinNew heparin dosing recommendations for patients with acute coronary syndromesA randomized, multicenter trial of weight-adjusted intravenous heparin dose titration and point-of-care coagulation monitoring in hospitalized patients with active thromboembolic diseaseEffect of heparin on whole blood activated partial thromboplastin time using a portable, whole blood coagulation monitorBedside coagulation monitoring in heparin-treated patients with active thromboembolic disease: A coronary care unit experience 1 July 1978Volume 89, Issue 1Page: 146-147KeywordsBlood plasmaDiagnostic techniquesHeparinPartial thromboplastin timeResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...