tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Burn Management
Authors: John A. Moncrief
Journal: JAMA (1972)

This text, put together by two surgeons experienced in the care of burn patients and with the assistance of 23 contributing authors, presents many of the significant advances in the therapy of thermal injury. Most of the important areas of interest are covered and the book is conveniently divided into six parts with the contributions grouped according to subject matter. Following each of these parts the authors have inserted a summary of each section. It is here that the authors could well have greatly strengthened their presentation by clearly defining for the inexperienced the important differences between the preceding presentations. The conflicting statements and philosophies of the contributing authors are separated with difficulty by even the experienced burn surgeon and the residents, medical students, and the occasional burn surgeon will have great difficulty in deciding which therapy to follow. Generally well written, amply illustrated, and with each segment adequate to
At the Hospital, They Keep the Bright Lights On
Authors: Joannie Kervran Stangeland
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High Temperatures Enhanced Acute Mortality Effects of Ambient Particle Pollution in the “Oven” City of Wuhan, China
Authors: Zhengmin Qian, Qingci He, Hung-Mo Lin, Lingli Kong, Christy M. Bentley, Wenshan Liu, Dunjin Zhou
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

BackgroundWe investigated whether the effect of air pollution on daily mortality is enhanced by high temperatures in Wuhan, China, using data from 2001 to 2004. Wuhan has been called an "oven" city because of its hot summers. Approximately 4.5 million permanent residents live in the 201-km2 core area of the city.MethodWe used a generalized additive model to analyze pollution, mortality, and covariate data. The estimates of the interaction between high temperature and air pollution were obtained from the main effects and pollutant–temperature interaction models.ResultsWe observed effects of consistently and statistically significant interactions between particulate matter ≤ 10 μm (PM10) and temperature on daily nonaccidental (p = 0.014), cardiovascular (p = 0.007), and cardiopulmonary (p = 0.014) mortality. The PM10 effects were strongest on extremely high-temperature days (daily average temperature, 33.1°C), less strong on extremely low-temperature days (2.2°C), and weakest on normal-temperature days (18.0°C). The estimates of the mean percentage of change in daily mortality per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM10 concentrations at the average of lags 0 and 1 day during hot temperature were 2.20% (95% confidence interval), 0.74–3.68) for nonaccidental, 3.28% (1.24–5.37) for cardiovascular, 2.35% (−0.03 to 4.78) for stroke, 3.31% (−0.22 to 6.97) for cardiac, 1.15% (−3.54% to 6.07) for respiratory, and 3.02% (1.03–5.04) for cardiopulmonary mortality.ConclusionsWe found synergistic effects of PM10 and high temperatures on daily nonaccidental, cardiovascular, and cardiopulmonary mortality in Wuhan.
TRAVEL NOTES.III. SPAIN AND RAMÓN Y CAJAL.
Authors: LEWELLYS F. BARKER
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Berlin, June 25, 1904. If one have the time for it, the pleasant mode of approach to Europe by the southern route has much in its favor. Hard work in America is fitly separated from hard work in Austria, Germany, France or England by a few weeks of relaxation in Spain or Italy, or both. Landing at Gibraltar, the traveler has fifteen days at his disposal before the next steamer leaves for Naples. In a fortnight it is very easily possible to visit satisfactorily Granada, Seville, Madrid and Toledo, and if the sea trip have made one particularly energetic he may also go to Cadiz and Tangiers. The Alhambra and the Generalife with the tales that cluster about them; the gay, bright, multicolored life of Seville, the superb architecture of Toledo and the magnificent art treasures of the Prado in Madrid combine to afford a very full two weeks of
Urinary tract infection in childhood: Is underinvestigation linked to morbidity?
Authors: T L Chambers
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Responses of principals in general practice and trainees to question asking when they would refer childreni with uninary tract infections Girls Boys < 5 years ¢ 5 years < 5 years ¢ 5 years Principals (n=26): First infection 14 12 26 23 Second infection 11 12 3 Subsequent infections 1 2 Trainees (n= 6): First infection 4 3 5 5 Second infection 2 1 1 1 Subsequent infections 2replied (table).In the practice I audited five of 606 boys aged under 16 had had a urinary tract infection.Four of the five had been referred for investigation, all after the first documented episode, and four had had a repeat urine specimen sent for culture after treatment.More of the girls (12/58 1) had had a urinary tract infection, but only five had been referred for investigation, after a median of four episodes (range three to five); only two had had a urine specimen sent for culture after treatment.The eight other children had not been referred for investigation.
Successful Pregnancy in a Patient with Sheehan's Syndrome
Authors: Joseph E Martin, Paul C. MacDonald, Norman M. Kaplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

During the 16 years after a massive post-partum hemorrhage attended by coma, a patient had only occasional menses but went through three uneventful pregnancies. In the fourth month of her fourth pregnancy, there were both clinical and laboratory features of decreased thyroidal and adrenal function, which improved on hormonal replacement therapy. Tests done three months after delivery revealed decreased pituitary secretory capacity for ACTH, TSH and growth hormone. Although some pituitary-function tests may be contraindicated or unreliable in pregnancy, partial pituitary deficiency may be recognized and treated appropriately.
Washington at the Delaware
Authors: Miriam Troop
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The well-written comments by Paul Quartararo<sup>1</sup>in the Feb 21 issue of<i>JAMA</i>, discussing the cover, a painting by Edward Hicks, will certainly stimulate discussion—especially among the historians who read it. Quartararo writes: "Hicks' primary occupation was that of a Quaker minister; he had started painting designs on carriages to supplement his meager income." Hicks was a coachmaker's apprentice and as a boy learned to paint pictures as he moved from coloring coaches to painting signs, furniture, and utensils. This was before he joined the Society of Friends.<sup>2,3</sup>In 1815, after failing at farming, he returned full time to commercial painting. At the age of 31 he had become a Friend's minister but continued to work at his profession, writing in 1827, at the age of 47, "I am now employing four hands, besides myself, in coach, sign, and ornamental painting and still more in
Electrical Properties of Mammalian Tissues: An Introduction.
Authors: S. A Rees
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Electrical Properties of Mammalian Tissues: An Introduction. Get access Sian A Rees Sian A Rees London, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 10, October 1992, Page 1008, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.10.1008 Published: 01 October 1992
A CASE OF SYMPATHETIC NEURO-RETINITIS WITH CONSECUTIVE SEROUS IRITIS.
Authors: S. D. RISLEY
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Read before the Ophthalmic Section of the American Medical Association. The so-called sympathetic diseases of the eye still hold a first place in the interest of ophthalmic surgeons, not only because of their intrinsic importance, but also because of the doubt which still hangs over their pathogeny. It is not my present purpose to attempt a full discussion of the important questions involved in the study of these affections of the hitherto sound eye, clinically related to pathological processes in the injured eye; but to relate briefly the history of a case which seems to call in question the correctness of the opinion which regards the consecutive affection as always of sympathetic origin. <i>Injury to Ciliary Region. Neuro-Retinitis in Uninjured injured Eye; Consecutive Serous Iritis</i>.—John D., æt. 14. Dec. 26, 1882, was struck in the left eye by the arrow from a boy's gun. The propelling force was a rubber
PMO-022 Are recommended guidelines for IV paracetamol prescription followed in susceptible gastroenterology patients?
Authors: J L Burgess, A I Thuraisingam, P Akhurst, M Bunn
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> IV Paracetamol use has increased since gaining EU drug approval in 2002, possibly due to its rapid onset and favourable side-effect profile.<sup>1</sup> The recommended adult daily dose is 4 g/day. The standard daily dose may be high enough to cause acute liver failure in patients with certain Gastroenterological problems [hepatocellular insufficiency, chronic malnutrition<sup>2</sup> (The British National Formulary (BNF) version 60 advises that IV Paracetamol should be reduced to 3 g/day in these susceptible patients.<sup>3</sup> We aimed to assess if IV paracetamol prescriptions are in line with BNF guidance. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective, point prevalence audit of all patients receiving IV paracetamol was undertaken on 2 days, 2 weeks apart. All adult inpatients (excluding the Women9s Department) at Arrowe Park Hospital were assessed. A list of all patients receiving IV paracetamol was identified through the electronic prescribing system. The case-notes of all these patients were reviewed for evidence of high-risk characteristics including; weight. <h3>Results</h3> Over two audit days a total of 104 out of 1158 (9%) hospital inpatients were prescribed IV Paracetamol. Three patients were present on both days, therefore 101 sets of data were collected. 16 patients (16%) prescribed IV Paracetamol were identified as high risk (hepatocellular insufficiency, chronic malnutrition or chronic alcoholism), and 15 (94%) of these patients were not prescribed a reduced dose. This equates to a drug error in 1.3% of all inpatients. <h3>Conclusion</h3> IV Paracetamol is prescribed very frequently. Prescription is common in susceptible Gastroenterology patients with malnutrition, liver disease and alcoholism. Almost all susceptible patients in this audit were prescribed an inappropriately high dosage of paracetamol. This may lead to significant adverse side effects in an already vulnerable group of patients. It is important to increase awareness of reduced dosages in susceptible patients. Locally an alert has been placed on the electronic prescribing system and we have increased Pharmacist and medical staff awareness of appropriate paracetamol doses. We suspect our audit findings may be similar in other hospitals. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Schmitt E</b>, Vainchtock A, Nicoloyannis N, <i>et al.</i> Ready to use injectable paracetamol: easier, safer, lowering workload and costs. <i>EJHP</i> 2003;<b>6</b>:96–102. 2. <b>Claridge LC</b>, Eksteen B, Smith A, <i>et al.</i> Acute liver failure after administration of paracetamol at the maximum recommended daily dose in adults. <i>BMJ</i> 2010;<b>341</b>:1269–70. 3. <i>BNF 60</i>. London: BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press, 2010.
Inhibition of endothelium-derived relaxing factor enhances myocardial stunning in conscious dogs.
Authors: N Hasebe, Y T Shen, S F Vatner
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Impaired endothelial-dependent vascular responses after coronary artery occlusion (CAO) and reperfusion (CAR) have been investigated extensively. However, it is not known whether impaired endogenous endothelium-derived relaxing factor production affects postischemic myocardial dysfunction, ie, myocardial stunning. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight dogs were instrumented with an intracoronary catheter and an hydraulic occluder on the left circumflex coronary artery. The effects of a 10-minute CAO randomized with and without intracoronary administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), a nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor, were compared in the same conscious dogs. Postischemic regional contractile dysfunction in subendocardial and subepicardial as well as transmural wall thickening was measured with ultrasonic dimension crystals, and myocardial blood flow was measured with radioactive microspheres. Intracoronary infusion of L-NA did not affect systemic hemodynamics, and transmural myocardial blood flow was reduced slightly (-8%), but significantly, only in the left circumflex territory. The recovery of wall thickening was significantly delayed in the presence of L-NA compared with the absence of L-NA, eg, at 30-minute CAR, not only in the subendocardium (-76 +/- 9% versus -49 +/- 9%) but also in the subepicardium (-52 +/- 8% versus -29 +/- 7%). During CAO, blood flow was decreased identically in both conditions, and during CAR, the differences in blood flow were minor (7%). CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of NO synthesis enhanced myocardial stunning transmurally in conscious dogs, potentially independent of its effects on blood flow.
Treatment of Pediatric and Adolescent Obesity
Authors: Jack A. Yanovski, Susan Z. Yanovski
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Glycated Hemoglobin and Related Factors in Diabetic Children and Adolescents Under 18 Years of Age: a Belgian Experience
Authors: Harry Dorchy, Marie-Paule Roggemans, Dominique Willems
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To determine, in an unselected population of diabetic children and adolescents &amp;lt; 18 years of age, which HbA1c levels can be achieved, and to examine the relationships with insulin regimen, insulin dose, sex, diabetes duration, BM1, and frequency of home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) and outpatient clinic attendance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 144 unselected subjects (73 boys and 71 girls) aged 11.8 ± 3.7 years (mean ± SD) were included in the study over a 6-month period. They had diabetes durations ranging from 5 months to 15 years (4.0 ± 3.0). They were followed by the same pediatric diabetologist and the same nurse. The yearly frequency of visits was 8.9 ± 2.0, and the monthly frequency of HBGM was 111 ± 27. Of the patients, 129 were treated with two daily insulin injections of an individualized mixture of rapid- and intermediate-acting insulins, and 15 adolescents were treated with four injections using the basal-bolus regimen. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to diabetes duration: ≤ 2 years (n = 53) and &amp;gt; 2 years (n = 91), i.e., outside the honeymoon period. HbA1c was measured by a high-pressure liquid chromatography method (normal values 3.9–5.5%). RESULTS The mean ± SD HbA1c level in the 144 children and adolescents was 6.6 ± 1.2% using our method. In 62% of the patients, it was possible to obtain an HbA1c level under the normal mean value plus 5 SD. HbA1c was not related to sex, number of insulin injections, or age, i.e., it was not poorer at adolescence. The mean daily insulin dose was 0.9 U/kg body wt, being lower during the first 2 years of diabetes and reaching 1 U at adolescence. HbA1c levels were lower during the first 2 years of diabetes (6.2 ± 1.0%) than afterwards (6.9 ± 1.2%), but the frequencies of outpatient visits and HBGM were higher. After 2 years, HbA1c was negatively correlated with the frequency of HBGM. The yearly incidence rate of severe hypoglycemic episodes was 0.2. After the age of 13 years, BM1 was significantly higher in girls and in adolescents on four daily injections. CONCLUSIONS In nearly two-thirds of diabetic children and adolescents, it is possible to obtain HbA1c levels under the normal mean plus 5 SD, which is considered satisfactory and close to that of the adult cohort of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) with intensive treatment. There is no difference between the children on only two daily insulin injections and the adolescents on four injections. After 2 years of diabetes, increased frequency of HBGM helps reduce HbA1c levels, taking into account the “intensive” education of the patients and their families. Adolescent girls on four injections must pay attention to the risk of becoming overweight.
NOTES ON CATELECTROLYSIS (ELECTROLYSIS) IN THE TREATMENT OF SKIN DISEASES.
Authors: FRED J. LEVISEUR
Journal: JAMA (1900)

There is such a radical difference between an operation performed with intruments connected with the positive pole of a galvanic battery and one performed with instruments connected with the negative pole, that both should not be designated by the one common name "electrolysis." I would like to suggest that we call the operation performed with instruments connected with the negative pole—cathode, catelectrode—"catelectrolysis," and that with the positive pole—anode—"anelectrolysis." The development of oxygen at the positive pole, when the current is closed, makes it impossible to use a steel needle, or jeweler's broach, in anelectrolysis, nor can there be made such a fine, strong and springy instrument out of gold, platinum, iridium or silver. This is a mechanical disadvantage only, but anelectrolysis has little intrinsic value—in fact, it acts like a simple cauterization by heat. It is entirely different with catelectrolysis. What we can accomplish here is this: We can charge,
Ganciclovir and Immune Globulin in Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia
Authors: David J. Morris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1989Ganciclovir and Immune Globulin in Cytomegalovirus PneumoniaDavid J. Morris, MRCPathDavid J. Morris, MRCPathSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-7-575_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor:In two recent trials, the mortality from cytomegalovirus pneumonia was lower in recipients of bone marrow allografts given combined ganciclovir and cytomegalovirus immune globulin therapy than in historical controls given no therapy or either agent alone (1, 2). These results were considered to indicate that combined therapy is more efficacious than ganciclovir or immune globulin therapy alone. Another explanation of the results is that ganciclovir therapy is more likely to be effective when commenced early in the course of cytomegalovirus pneumonia (3). Neither study established that the severity of the pneumonia was similar at the initiation of...References1. EmmanuelCunninghamJules-Elysee DIK. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation successfully treated with the combination of ganciclovir and high-dose intravenous immune globulin. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:777-82. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ReedBowdenDandlikerLillebyMeyers ERPKJ. Treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia with ganciclovir and intravenous cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin in patients with bone marrow transplants. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:783-8. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Morris D. Antiviral chemotherapy for cytomegalovirus disease. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1988;21:519-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FrankFriedman IH. Progress in the treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:769-71. LinkGoogle Scholar5. Morris D. Therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of cytomegalovirus immune globulin. Serodiagn Immunother. 1988;2:387-9. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEvaluation of a score system for the severity and outcome of cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonia in allogeneic bone marrow recipientsOpportunities for diagnosing cytomegalovirus in pulmonary infections.Cytomegalovirus pneumonia — a consequence of immunosuppression and pre-existing lung damage rather than immunopathology?The Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Disease in Renal Transplantation 1 April 1989Volume 110, Issue 7Page: 575-575KeywordsBone marrowGlobulinsMortalityPneumonia Issue Published: 1 April 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Lack of Effect of Clonidine and Pentoxifylline in Short-Term Therapy of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Kenneth L Cohen, Francine E Lucibello, MaryAnn Chomiak
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

The goal of this study was to confirm or rule out anecdotal reports of beneficial effects of clonidine and pentoxifylline in the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Clonidine was administered to 16 subjects at two dosage levels (0.1 and 0.2 mg/day) and was compared to placebo in a crossover design, with each phase lasting 4 wk. Either pentoxifylline (400 mg 3 times/day) or placebo was given to 21 subjects in a 12-wk trial. Discomfort was characterized and rated with a subjective pain score (range 0-20). There was a significant decrease in pain score from baseline with both active drugs (P less than 0.05), but this was no better than the response to placebo (P less than 0.30 for clonidine and P less than 0.95 for pentoxifylline). This study does not demonstrate a short-term benefit of either clonidine or pentoxifylline in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy.