tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reduced Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Paralleled With the Increased Angiostatin Expression Resulting From the Upregulated Activities of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in Human Type 2 Diabetic Arterial Vasculature
Authors: Ada W.Y. Chung, York N. Hsiang, Lise A. Matzke, Bruce M. McManus, Cornelis van Breemen, Elena B. Okon
Journal: Circulation Research (2006)

Impaired angiogenesis could contribute to the increased incidence of coronary and peripheral artery disease in diabetic patients. Angiogenesis is initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic cytokine, and suppressed by angiostatin, which is generated by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 through proteolytic cleavage of plasminogen. We hypothesized that MMP-2 and -9 were upregulated in the diabetic vasculature, resulting in increased angiostatin production and reduced blood vessel formation. In diabetic internal mammary artery samples (n=32) collected from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, capillary density was only 30% of that in the nondiabetic vessels (n=32), whereas VEGF expression was reduced by 48%. Diabetes upregulated the expression and the gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 and -9. Active MMP-2 and -9 were released from diabetic arteries, but not from nondiabetic vessels, during phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction. Diabetes enhanced transcription and protein expression of tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-1 but had an opposite effect on TIMP-2. In diabetic vessels angiostatin was increased by 62% and was positively correlated with the activities of MMP-2 and -9 (r2=0.806 and 0.742, respectively). This report indicated a strong correlation between the upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the increased angiostatin expression in the human diabetic arterial vasculature. The enhanced angiostatin production with a reduced VEGF formation may explain the pathogenesis of impaired angiogenesis in diabetes mellitus.
GW25-e1160 Detection of right-to-left shunt in secundum atrial septal defect without severe pulmonary hypertension by saline contrast
Authors: Guo Ran, Huang Min, Sun Ying-Hui, Shang Zhi-Juan, Xiao Xian-Jie, Cong Tao, Lv Zhao-Xia, Wang Ke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
James Howard Lewis
Authors: R. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To assess existing, brief nonpharmacologic interventions that are available for primary care physicians with minimal training in psychotherapy to use in managing depression in adult patients. <h3>DATA SOURCES</h3> MEDLINE was searched from 1996 to 2007, EMBASE was searched from 1980 to 2007, and EBM Reviews was searched from 1999 to 2007. <h3>STUDY SELECTION</h3> Several randomized controlled trials were selected using specified criteria. Selected articles were subsequently appraised and qualitatively analyzed. <h3>SYNTHESIS</h3> Significant improvements on depression scales were found in 6 out of 8 studies (<i>P</i> &lt; .05) using various brief interventions and formal control groups. Successful interventions included bibliotherapy, websites based on cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), and CBT-based computer programs. Completion rates were highest when interventions were shorter, more structured, and included frequent contact or reminders from study staff. Validity limitations included small sample sizes, non-blinding of studies, and an uncertain degree of generalizability. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Bibliotherapy, CBT-based websites, and CBT-based computer programs might be effective in assisting primary care physicians who have minimal training in psychotherapy in treating adult patients with depression. Health care personnel contact with patients undergoing these interventions might result in increased effectiveness. Future research is warranted in this area, and despite several limitations, findings from this study could help guide efforts in the development and evaluation of such research.
Comparison of medical and surgical management of coronary artery disease: methodologic issues.
Authors: J H Ware
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Coronary artery bypass surgery has been recommended for patients with a wide variety of signs, symptoms, and medical histories. Investigators have used historically controlled studies, registries and randomized clinical trials to compare the efficacy of medical and surgical management of coronary artery disease in well-defined patient groups. Historically controlled studies offer a weak basis for inference because of rapid changes in medical practice and in the prognosis for patients with coronary artery disease. Randomized trials are the ideal method for comparing therapies, but only a few trials, in highly selected patients, have been completed. Thus, registry studies provide an important part of the currently available evidence. In this paper, the strengths of randomized and registry studies are compared and the need for "meta-analyses" that integrate the evidence from both types of study is discussed. The institutional variation in surgical mortality and its implication for treatment strategy are also discussed.
Robert Neilson Johnston
Authors: J. S. Legge
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Robert Neilson Johnston was born in Bulawayo of missionary parents in 1921; he was schooled in Fraserburgh and Aberdeen, and graduated MB from Aberdeen in 1943. It was while serving with the Royal Army Medical Corps in West Africa that his experiences with patients with tuberculosis kindled his enthusiasm for a career in respiratory medicine. …
Aplastic Anemia Associated With Canthaxanthin Ingested for 'Tanning' Purposes
Authors: Renata Bluhm
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Aplastic anemia with a fatal outcome occurred in a previously healthy young woman after ingesting canthaxanthin taken for the purpose of skin "tanning" and provided to her by a commercial tanning salon. Canthaxanthin is a synthetic, non—provitamin A carotenoid that is highly lipid-soluble; it colors the skin by deposition in the epidermis and subcutaneous fat. It is readily available through commercial tanning salons and mail advertisements, but despite advertising claims that it is harmless, investigation regarding the safety of oral doses of canthaxanthin in humans has not been conducted. It is not approved as a prescription or an over-the-counter preparation by the Food and Drug Administration. The drug's present means of distribution makes monitoring for toxic effects difficult. Thus, the frequency of adverse effects associated with canthaxanthin use, such as bone marrow suppression, is unknown. Even if there is only a small risk of these toxic effects, the use of the drug for cosmetic purposes does not justify this risk. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1141-1142)
Erratum: Corrigendum: Dock8 mutations cripple B cell immunological synapses, germinal centers and long-lived antibody production
Authors: Katrina L Randall, Teresa Lambe, Andy Johnson, Bebhinn Treanor, Edyta Kucharska, Heather Domaschenz, Belinda Whittle, Lina E Tze, Anselm Enders, Tanya L Crockford, Tiphaine Bouriez-Jones, Duncan Alston, Jason G Cyster, Michael J Lenardo, Fabienne Mackay, Elissa K Deenick, Stuart G Tangye, Tyani D Chan, Tahra Camidge, Robert Brink, Carola G Vinuesa, Facundo D Batista, Richard J Cornall, Christopher C Goodnow
Journal: Nature Immunology (2010)
The importance of mistrust: drugs of diversion
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2011)

We are not police officers; we have no undercover operatives, no batons or powers of arrest. Our relationship with patients is based on an old fashioned notion—trust. But the unspoken reality is that many patients are economical with the truth. This might stretch from exaggerating symptoms to improve welfare benefits, to applications for car disability badges. All this is perhaps no worse than exaggerating insurance claims or fiddling expenses. Courses and textbooks on communication, however, never have chapters on scepticism. ⇑

Another area common for manipulation is medication. Drugs such as dihydrocodeine, tramadol, sildenafil, diazepam, zopiclone, …
Lower Expression of Neutrophil Adhesion Molecule Indicates Less Vessel Wall Injury and Might Explain Lower Restenosis Rate After Cutting Balloon Angioplasty
Authors: Teruo Inoue, Yoshihiko Sakai, Kazuhiro Hoshi, Isao Yaguchi, Tsuneo Fujito, Shigenori Morooka
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The Cutting Balloon is a novel dilatation catheter for coronary angioplasty (InterVentional Technologies Inc). It produces longitudinal, microsurgical incisions in the vessel wall before the actual dilatation. It is assumed that these controlled surgical incisions relieve hoop stress and reduce vessel wall injury and eventually restenosis. However, no clinical indicator to support the theory of reduced injury has been described. Certain clusters of differentiation (eg, CD11, CD18 on the leukocytes) are implicated in leukocyte adhesion, increased permeability, and opsonization. Therefore, they might serve as clinical indicators of the injury level of the vessels after angioplasty. Methods and Results —We randomly selected 64 patients with isolated left anterior descending coronary artery disease for either Cutting Balloon angioplasty or conventional balloon angioplasty. The expression of CD18 and CD11b on the surface of neutrophils was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were also measured. The expression of both the CD18 and CD11b in the coronary sinus blood gradually increased and reached its maximum at 48 hours after angioplasty. The sICAM-1 levels in the coronary sinus serum also increased after angioplasty. Percentage increases of CD18 and CD11b expression and the increase of the sICAM-1 levels at 48 hours after angioplasty (as ratios to baseline values before angioplasty) were less in the Cutting Balloon angioplasty group than in the conventional balloon angioplasty group (CD18, 1.10±0.05 versus 1.31±0.05, P &lt;0.05; CD11b, 1.23±0.06 versus 1.72±0.10, P &lt;0.001; sICAM-1, 1.12±0.05 versus 1.25±0.02, P &lt;0.05). In all patients, the late lumen loss at follow-up angiogram positively correlated with the increased levels of CD11b ( R =0.59, P &lt;0.001) and sICAM-1 ( R =0.38, P &lt;0.05) at 48 hours after angioplasty. Conclusions —Balloon angioplasty upregulated Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) on the surface of the neutrophils and increased sICAM-1 levels in association with late loss increase. These changes were significantly smaller in the Cutting Balloon angioplasty group than in the conventional balloon angioplasty group. This suggests that Cutting Balloon angioplasty may produce less vessel wall injury and, consequently, less neutrophil activation, which may account for the lower rate of restenosis.
Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in an Adopted Vietnamese Infant
Authors: Jack C. Redman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A 7-month-old Vietnamese infant was adopted by an Albuquerque, NM, couple. When she arrived in the United States she was very malnourished and failed to thrive. A progressive interstitial pneumonia developed, with tachypnea, tachycardia, cyanosis, normal temperature, and no cough. Her condition was so critical by the time pneumocystosis was suspected that bronchoscopy or lung biopsy were considered too hazardous. Treatment with pentamidine isethionate and leucovorin calcium was begun, along with continued supportive therapy. The baby survived. During the acute phase, immunofluorescent antibody titer was 1:16; convalescent titer, 1:64. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1561-1563, 1974)
STUDIES ON THE DENATURATION OF ANTIBODY
Authors: George G. Wright
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1944)

Diphtheria antitoxin has been shown to be inactivated in the presence of urea. In 7.5 molar area at pH 7.82 nearly half the activity is destroyed in 24 hours, as measured by the neutralizing power of toxin. The reaction appears to be first order with respect to antitoxin, since the initial rate is independent of the antitoxin concentration, but the rate decreases rapidly with time. Higher or lower pH of the presence of M/10 sodium sulfite increases the antitoxin inactivation. The meaning of the results is discussed.
Expression of PRAD1/cyclin D1, retinoblastoma gene products, and Ki67 in parathyroid hyperplasia caused by chronic renal failure versus primary adenoma
Authors: Yoshihiro Tominaga, Toyonori Tsuzuki, Kazuharu Uchida, Toshihito Haba, Satoki Otsuka, Toshihiro Ichimori, Kazuhiro Yamada, Masahiro Numano, Yuji Tanaka, Hiroshi Takagi
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Coronary Calcium Risks
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Localizing seizure-susceptible brain regions associated with low-grade gliomas using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping
Authors: Yinyan Wang, Tianyi Qian, Gan You, Xiaoxia Peng, Clark Chen, Yongping You, Kun Yao, Chenxing Wu, Jun Ma, Zhiyi Sha, Sonya Wang, Tao Jiang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Patients afflicted with low-grade glioma (LGG) frequently suffer from seizures. The mechanisms of seizure initiation in these patients remain poorly understood. Tumor location has been correlated with seizure initiation. However, these correlative studies relied on dichotomized data analysis based on arbitrary lobe assignments. As a result, the lesion-symptom correlation may be incorrectly interpreted. Here, we present the first study that used a voxel-wise quantitative lesion analysis to investigate the spatial correlation between tumor location and seizure susceptibility. We collected the medical records and magnetic resonance images of 410 LGG patients. The dataset was divided into a discovery set and a validation set. A voxel-based lesion-symptom correlative analysis was performed to determine whether tumor location was associated with seizure risk and could be related to the specific type of seizure. For all seizure types, increased seizure risks were identified for LGGs that involved the left premotor area. The LGGs that involved the posterior portion of the left inferior and middle frontal gyrus were associated with increased risk of simple partial seizures. LGGs that involved the right temporal-insular region were associated with an increased risk of complex partial seizures. LGGs that involved the left premotor area were more likely to be associated with seizures that generalize. These correlations were consistently observed in both the discovery and the validation datasets. Our quantitative neuroimaging analyses support the concept that the anatomic location of an LGG is a contributing factor in tumor-related seizure.
470 DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) REDUCES SURVIVAL AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (LT): ANALYSIS OF A MONOCENTRIC COHORT
Authors: S. Faure, T. Mura, M. Bismuth, E. Assenat, A. Herrero, H. Bouyabrine, B. Yung, F. Navarro, S. Jaber, D. Larrey, G.-P. Pageaux
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Cost, quality, and district management.
Authors: C D Shaw
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The recent emphasis placed by the government on the statutory accountability of district health authorities to regions and to the Department of Health and Social Security has emphasised the cost, distribution, and quantity of services provided.This should not supplant the moral (if not legal) responsibility of health authorities to patients and staff for the quality and effectiveness of those services.Formal routine review of the Health Service promises to concentrate on resources, workload, and structure rather than on results.This is not only because of political pressure for fiscal control but also because the expectations and achievements of such a "service industry" are difficult to define and measure.Furthermore, it has been traditional in Britain for the quality of health services to be regarded as the responsibility of clinical practitioners rather than of management.Yet health authorities have repeatedly been held responsible for failures in the organi- sation-if not also the delivery-of medical care. Questions of qualityThe repetition, despite inquiries and their recommendations, of institutional scandals suggests that, at least in long term care, authorities have difficulty in responding to the lessons of others.Pressure to monitor the service and to correct observed deficien- cies has also been increased by greater public participation of consumers, through community health councils, pressure groups, and the media.Recent national reviews of subjects such as electroconvulsive treatment, maternal mortality, and deaths associated with anaesthesia have also provided evidence of failures in clinical services for which health authorities may be held at least partly responsible.Nevertheless, authorities are now faced with minimal (if any) development funds and are required to achieve a 10Oo reduction in administrative costs.In the face of retrenchment there is good reason for consumers, staff, and authorities to seek some evidence and reassurance that the quality of health services is, and will remain, adequate.
A thymic stromal lymphopoietin–responsive dendritic cell subset mediates allergic responses in the upper airway mucosa
Authors: Guro R Melum, Lorant Farkas, Cecilie Scheel, Brenda Van Dieren, Einar Gran, Yong-Jun Liu, Finn-Eirik Johansen, Frode L Jahnsen, Espen S Baekkevold
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Checklists for Invasive Procedures
Authors: Thomas Marjot, Mahiben Maruthappu, Joseph Shalhoub
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

the patient with well-documented B. miyamotoi infection described by Gagliotta et al. 5 elsewhere in this issue of the Journal, none of the three patients with evidence of recent B. miyamotoi infection in our study were immunocompromised.One patient had B. miyamotoi seroconversion and no erythema migrans skin lesion or laboratory evidence of human granulocytic anaplasmosis coinfection (Patient 17).This patient had a temperature of 39.4°C, chills, sweats, a headache, neck stiffness, fatigue, myalgias, arthralgias, abdominal pain, a cough, a sore throat, and right inguinal lymphadenopathy.He was treated successfully with 14 days of doxycycline.The identification of B. miyamotoi antibody in 18 of our study patients, including seroconversion associated with symptoms in 3 patients, suggests that B. miyamotoi infection may be prevalent in areas where Lyme disease is endemic in the United States.
Abstract C17: Revealing targetable cancer cell vulnerabilities by in silico pathway profiling
Authors: Rashika Joshi, Kakajan Komurov
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Successful targeted therapy of cancers relies on comprehensive understanding of vulnerabilities of the tumorigenic platform. Recent cancer genomics efforts have provided with an unprecedented opportunity to gain an unbiased insight into the functional make-up of human cancers. We have devised a computational strategy to leverage cancer genomic datasets to identify candidate pathway vulnerabilities in cancers. The core of our approach is in the delineation of molecular pathways that are activated in tumor cells as a result of secondary selection events during tumor evolution. These secondary pathways are likely to be required for tumorigenesis in the given tumor context. We applied this strategy on HER2+ breast cancers using breast cancer genomic data in the TCGA, the recently published METABRIC and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) datasets. Although HER2+ breast cancers are treated with HER2-targeting agents in the clinic, the response is usually short-lived due to de novo and acquired resistance. We have found that HER2+ breast cancers are characterized by extensive and robust secondary upregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control (ERQC) pathways, including the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and PERK/eIF2 pathways. Our follow-up combined in silico and in vitro analyses on a panel of HER2+ and HER2- breast cancer cell lines revealed a model of HER2-driven tumorigenesis where yin-yang interplay between hyperactive HER2/mTOR signaling and the ERQC machinery regulate the ER protein homeostasis to control survival of HER2+ cells. Furthermore, we report that this delicate regulatory architecture can be exploited for therapeutic purposes, such that, combinatorial targeting of ERQC pathways to disturb the proteostatic balance synergized in selectively inducing proteotoxic cell death in therapy-refractory HER2+ cells. This study presents a computational method for identification of cancer pathway vulnerabilities, and suggests that exploiting proteotoxic ER stress may be an effective therapeutic strategy in therapy-refractory HER2+ breast cancers. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Rashika Joshi, Kakajan Komurov. Revealing targetable cancer cell vulnerabilities by in silico pathway profiling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C17.