tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dissatisfaction with skin appearance among patients with eating disorders and non-clinical controls
Authors: M.A. Gupta, A.K. Gupta
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

We have recently observed that women with the eating disorders (EDs) anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa report a significantly greater (P = 0.002) dissatisfaction with the appearance of their skin than do non-clinical controls.To examine further the nature of the dissatisfaction with skin appearance in women with EDs.Several psychosocial and body image parameters, including whether or not the subjects were satisfied with a wide range of attributes associated with non-diseased skin, were surveyed in women aged < or = 30 years. Survey data from 32 women with EDs and 34 randomly selected community-based non-clinical controls were examined.Eighty-one per cent of the patients with EDs vs. 56% of the controls reported dissatisfaction with the appearance of their skin (P = 0.03), particularly with respect to its dryness and roughness. Other attributes that were rated more frequently were 'bags' and 'darkness' under the eyes, freckles, fine wrinkles and patchy hyperpigmentation.There is a high prevalence of dissatisfaction with skin appearance among women aged < or = 30 years, which is even higher among patients with EDs.
Corpulence and Correspondence: President William H. Taft and the Medical Management of Obesity
Authors: Deborah I. Levine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

This article analyzes the letters exchanged as part of the clinical weight management of President William H. Taft, one of the first public figures in U.S. history to be defined popularly in terms of his pathologic obesity. In 1905, Taft hired Dr. Nathaniel E. Yorke-Davies, an English diet expert, to supervise a weight-loss plan. Taft corresponded extensively with Yorke-Davies over the next 10 years, receiving and responding to courses of treatment via post. This correspondence is one of the few archival collections documenting physician and patient perspectives on the treatment of obesity, and it took place at the precise moment when obesity began to be framed as both a serious and medically manageable condition. This intimate clinical history of the 27th president and 10th chief justice of the Supreme Court offers a unique opportunity to examine in detail the history of the obesity experience in the United States, and it sheds light on the almost-timeless challenges of creating and maintaining long-term treatment courses for conditions like obesity.
The fallout from Francis
Authors: T. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Inevitably, coverage of the Francis report into failings at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust dominated the UK media for several days after its publication last week. Even though we had heard the catalogue of cruelty and neglect before, it still had the power to shock.

In this week’s Analysis article (doi:10.1136/bmj.f801), Richard Leach and colleagues show that poor hydration and nutrition are not just a problem in outliers such as Mid Staffs; they are an issue right across the NHS, particularly in the community, where most older people receive their care. One …
Minimal residual disease detection with tumor-specific CD160 correlates with event-free survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: T W Farren, J Giustiniani, M Fanous, F Liu, M G Macey, F Wright, A Prentice, A Nathwani, S G Agrawal
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) correlates with outcome in the trial setting. However, MRD assessment does not guide routine clinical management and its assessment remains complex. We incorporated detection of the B cell, tumor-specific antigen CD160 to develop a single-tube, flow cytometry assay (CD160FCA) for CLL MRD to a threshold of 10−4 to 10−5. One hundred and eighty-seven patients treated for CLL were enrolled. Utilizing the CD160FCA methodology, there was a high level of comparison between blood and bone marrow (R=0.87, P<0.001). In a validation cohort, CD160FCA and the international standardised approach of the European Research Initiative on CLL group demonstrated high concordance (R=0.91, P<0.01). Patients in complete remission (CR) and CD160FCA negative had longer event-free survival (EFS) (63 vs 16 months, P<0.01) and prolonged time to next treatment (60 vs 15 months, P<0.001) vs MRD positive patients; with a median time to MRD positivity of 36 months. In multivariate analysis, CD160FCA MRD detection was independently predictive of EFS in patients in CR and even predicted EFS in the good-risk cytogenetic subgroup. CD160FCA offers a simple assay for MRD detection in CLL and gives prognostic information across different CLL risk groups.
Relation of the Degree of Coronary-Artery Disease and of Myocardial Infarctions to Cardiac Hypertrophy and Chronic Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Laurence B. Ellis, Robert B. Allison, Felix L. Rodriguez, Stanley L. Robbins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

HEART disease and heart failure in aging persons are usually assumed to be due to coronary arteriosclerosis (arteriosclerotic heart disease, ischemic heart disease) if other identifiable causes of heart disease can be excluded, notably hypertensive cardiovascular disease and chronic valvular disease. From time to time this assumption is challenged, and presbycardia (or "the senile heart") is believed by some to be produced by physiologic, biochemical or even morphologic alterations associated with old age, without relation to the degree of coronary disease.Another question is concerned with the causation of cardiac hypertrophy, which is one of the objective clinical findings most . . .
Medical Update for Psychiatrists
Authors: Linda M.G. Katz
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<i>Medical Update for Psychiatrists</i>, a bimonthly, peer-reviewed journal that premiered in January/February 1996, aims to "provide psychiatrists with upto-date, scientifically accurate, clinically useful information on the diagnosis and treatment of nonpsychiatric disorders." Articles are intended to focus on important advances in medicine, particularly technological and preventive, that psychiatrists may find helpful in dealing with their patients. A typical issue consists of one article in each of a number of areas: "General Medicine Update," "Gynecology Update," "Pediatrics Update," and "Surgery Update." The articles themselves deal with diverse subjects, like "Breast Feeding and Maternal Medications," "Obesity Treatment: the Role of Surgery," and "Hypothyroidism." <i>Medical Update for Psychiatrists</i>cannot be considered a research-oriented journal. In contrast,<i>Journal of Psychosomatic Research, Psychoneuroendocrinology, and Psychosomatics</i>publish new findings from empirical research regarding the reciprocal mechanisms linking psychiatric and medical illnesses. Instead, the content of<i>Medical Update for Psychiatrists</i>can best be viewed as continuing medical
Contact Tracing to Identify Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Rural Community
Authors: Randolph F. Wykoff
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This report describes a contact investigation conducted in rural South Carolina to identify, counsel, and educate persons infected with or exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Starting with one HIV antibody-positive man and his 19 sex contacts, we identified 83 sex contacts of HIV antibody-positive men. Of these, 64 were residents of the county and 63 (98%) agreed to be tested for evidence of HIV infection. Eight (13%) were HIV antibody positive. Thirty-six initially HIV antibody-negative men were reevaluated at a six-month follow-up visit, and three had seroconverted during this time. Of 25 men who reported practicing anal receptive intercourse, 13 (52%) were HIV antibody positive vs none of 43 men who reported strictly anal insertive intercourse. Comparing reported numbers of sexual contacts for the six-month periods before and after our initial investigation, the mean numbers of named sex contacts decreased by 82% for antibody-positive men and 54% for antibody-negative men. None of the men reported using condoms before entering the study; at the six-month follow-up visit, four (80%) of five of the antibody-positive men and 25 (69%) of 36 of the antibody-negative men reported using condoms at least some of the time.A report is provided of a contact investigation conducted in rural South Carolina to identify, counsel, and educate men infected with or exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Valuable information was gained about the demographic patterns of persons at risk for HIV in the community studied, and data from the investigation suggest that, at least in the short term, significant behavior change takes place as a result of highly-directed counseling of the high-risk persons identified. Contact tracing in this instance proved relatively cost-effective despite the large amount of professional time devoted to patient counseling. The authors believe that the obvious benefits of direct contact tracing far outweigh the remote risk that confidentiality may be breached.
Carcinoembryonic antigen and recurrent colorectal cancer.
Authors: J Northover
Journal: Gut (1986)

Carcinoembryonic antigen and recurrent colorectal cancerIt is 20 years since Gold and Freedman first described carcinoembryonic antigen.'The fond hope that this would facilitate the primary diagnosis of colorectal cancer has long since evaporated, after the demonstration that carcinoembryonic antigen is produced by other tumours, in non-malignant disorders and, indeed, by normal individuals.Since the early 1970s there has been much interest in the possible applications of carcinoembryonic antigen assay in the patient already known to have colorectal cancer.In particular, it has been examined in two rolesas a preoperative prognostic index and rather more interestingly, as a postoperative serial monitor to detect recurrence, particularly with a view to early second look surgery in the hope of cure.Preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in diagnosed on July 21, 2023 by guest.
The indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (<scp>IDO</scp>) pathway controls allergy
Authors: D. von Bubnoff, T. Bieber
Journal: Allergy (2012)

A series of recent studies have demonstrated that the immunoregulatory pathway of tryptophan catabolism, initiated by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), is a critical participant in allergic inflammation. Originally known for its regulatory function during pregnancy and during chronic inflammation in tumorigenesis and infection, the activity of IDO seems to positively modify the inflammatory state of atopy or allergy. The tryptophan degradation pathway is important for tolerance induction during systemic allergen immunotherapy. Here, we focus on recent findings that establish the IDO pathway as central to allergic inflammation.
The effect of phenylbutazone (Butazolidin) on plasma pepsinogen activity
Authors: K. D. Muirden
Journal: Gut (1961)

Phenylbutazone in moderate dosage has been administered to 15 patients with a variety of musculo-skeletal disorders. A rise in plasma pepsinogen activity occurred in 13, generally reaching a peak in the first week of treatment; subsequently there was a fall in spite of maintaining a constant dosage. In four of six patients an anticholinergic drug failed to prevent a rise in plasma pepsinogen activity. These findings are considered in relation to clinical observations on the time of appearance of gastrointestinal side-effects in patients receiving phenylbutazone.The interpretation of the findings is discussed, and it is suggested that the rise in plasma pepsinogen activity induced by phenylbutazone may reflect either increased peptic activity in the stomach or a damaging effect of the drug on the stomach.
QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON THE PROPERDIN-COMPLEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Myron A. Leon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1956)

Quantitative methods have been developed for the estimation of C'3 and properdin. With these methods, the kinetics of the over-all reaction between properdin, zymosan, and C'3 were investigated. The reaction followed first order kinetics, provided zymosan was in excess, and the serum not diluted beyond 1/4. The reaction rate was proportional to the temperature, and an activation energy of 20,500 calories/mole was found. The distinction between total properdin and available serum properdin is discussed.
Audit in general practice by a receptionist: a feasibility study.
Authors: B Essex, J Bate
Journal: BMJ (1991)

To examine whether audit can be done cost effectively by a practice's receptionist.The practice set goals for various aspects of care, and forms were devised for the receptionist to collect, analyse, and present data to assess whether these goals had been achieved in the previous year.Six doctor practice in south London looking after 11,500 patients.Ability of receptionist to present data showing the level of attainment of the practice's goals; time spent on audit by receptionist each week.The practice set goals for immunisation; follow up of patients with abnormal cervical smears; frequency of recording of blood pressure and smoking habit; screening of patients over 75; care of diabetic patients and patients with serious mental illness; antenatal care; variations in workload; and availability of appointments. The receptionist was able to audit all these tasks in four hours a week; this increased her job satisfaction and extended her skills. A small amount of regular supervision was necessary--roughly 30 minutes a week in the first year of the study and 30 minutes a fortnight in the second--to ensure accuracy and deal with any difficulties that arose.The method developed enabled a receptionist to audit aspects of the practice cost effectively. There is great scope for enlarging the conventional role of the receptionist.
Pleiotropic consequences of Bruton tyrosine kinase deficiency in myeloid lineages lead to poor inflammatory responses
Authors: Anita Mangla, Anupriya Khare, Varanasi Vineeth, Nagesh Narayan Panday, Asok Mukhopadhyay, Balachandran Ravindran, Vineeta Bal, Anna George, Satyajit Rath
Journal: Blood (2004)
P399A view from inside: simultaneous live cell imaging of free SR and cytosolic calcium concentrations
Authors: D Warszta, A H Guse
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Understanding of cardiac excitation-contraction-coupling has been greatly facilitated by measurements of the free Ca2+ concentration in the myoplasm ([Ca2+]i). However, only very few methods to measure the free Ca2+ concentration in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) ([Ca2+]lu) have been published. Since a direct and live examination of [Ca2+]lu is necessary to better understand cardiac myocyte Ca2+ signalling, a method was established to measure [Ca2+]lu and [Ca2+]i simultaneously in the same cell.
Unorthodox internal fixation of bone lesions in myelomatosis
Authors: J A Fairclough, G P Graham
Journal: BMJ (1987)

who, like myself, have carried out this procedure uneventfully in patients with values of less than 1 litre.Other factors should also be considered, including the presence of airway lability, respiratory failure, and exercise tolerance.Of course, Drs S P Ruffles and J G Ayres were correct to perform bronchoscopy on their patient.It is sim- plistic to suggest that the search for a bronchial carcinoma should be curtailed because the patient would not be a candidate for surgery.
PWE-106 Small Intestine Ultrasonography With Oral Contrast (sicus) For The Detection Of Small Bowel Complications In Crohn’s Disease: Correlation With Intra-operative Findings
Authors: S Kumar, A Hakim, C Alexakis, V Chhaya, D Tzias, J Pilcher, R Pollok
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> SICUS accurately assesses small bowel lesions in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) without exposure to diagnostic medical radiation.<sup>1</sup> Its role in identifying intra-abdominal complications associated with CD remains to be confirmed. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the diagnostic sensitivity of SICUS with subsequent surgical findings. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with CD evaluated by SICUS who subsequently required bowel resection within 6 months were identified. Radiological findings and operation notes were collated. The accuracy and agreement of SICUS to detect the site and length of strictures, fistulae, abscesses and mucosal thickening, was compared with surgical findings and assessed by kappa (κ) coefficient statistical analysis. Stricture lengths were compared using student’s t-test. CRP and platelet count were recorded within 2 weeks of SICUS and surgery as surrogate markers of disease activity. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 25 patients (12 male) with a mean age of 29.9 years were included in the study. Mean time from SICUS to respective bowel surgery was 91.5 days (Range 5–176). Ultrasonographic and surgical inter-rater agreement was good for the presence of strictures (κ=0.73, sensitivity and specificity both 88%), their number (κ=0.65, 95% CI: 0.31–0.96) and stricture site (κ =0.72, 95% CI: 0.44–1.00). Stricture length was 7.4 ± 1.5 cm identified at surgery vs. 5.8 ± 1.8 cm by SICUS (NS). Agreement was excellent for the presence of fistulae (κ = 0.82, sensitivity 86%, specificity 94%), location of fistula (κ=0.92, 95% CI: 0.76–1.00), presence of abscess (κ = 0.87, sensitivity 100%, specificity 95%) and its location (κ = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.63–1.00). Agreement was moderate for mucosal wall thickening (κ = 0.51, sensitivity 95%, specificity 50%). Markers of inflammation (CRP and platelet count) showed no significant difference at the time of SICUS and surgery. <h3>Conclusion</h3> SICUS accurately identifies small bowel complications in CD and offers an alternative in the pre-operative stage of CD complications. Its wider use should be adopted. <h3>Reference</h3> Chatu S, Pilcher J, Saxena SK, <i>et al</i>. Diagnostic accuracy of small intestine ultrasonography using an oral contrast agent in Crohn’s disease: comparative study from the UK. <i>Clin Radiol</i> 2012 Jun;67(6):553–9 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
NORMAL STANDARDS OF GASTRIC FUNCTION
Authors: W. Scott Polland, Arthur L. Bloomfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1931)

The establishment of normal standards of gastric function is a prerequisite to the recognition of abnormal conditions.Such standards have heretofore been inadequate, with the result that studies of stomach secretion have fallen into disfavor in the clinic.As we pointed out in a previous paper (1), a test of function must be based on certain general criteria: (1) the test must be applied under standard conditions, (2) it must impose a load on the function under considera- tion, (3) it must be capable of identical repetition and (4) it must actually yield information which experience shows to be useful.
TCT-576 Primary Endpoint Results from the PROMUS Element Plus US Post-Approval Study (PE-Plus PAS): 1-Year Outcomes in Real-World Patients Treated With a Thin-Strut, Platinum-Chromium, Everolimus-Eluting Stent
Authors: David Kandzari, Nima Amjadi, Christopher Caputo, Steven K. Rowe, Jerome Williams, Hoshedar P. Tamboli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Inhaled Corticosteroids in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Finn Radner
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes of the bone marrow, circulation, and marginated pool: Function and granule protein content
Authors: Seth V. Hetherington, Paul G. Quie
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) demonstrate altered function during acute infections and after administration of corticosteroids. We questioned whether or not such changes are due to population shifts from functionally different compartments of the granulocyte pool. Volunteers were given epinephrine to induce demargination or hydrocortisone (HC) to promote egress of PMN from the bone marrow. PMN obtained before and after drug administration were compared for adherence, chemotaxis, luminol‐enhanced chemiluminescence, and total content and release of lactoferrin (LF), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and β‐glucuronidase (β‐glu). Epinephrine induced a significant neutrophilia of mature PMN (segmented neutrophils), but there were no changes in function or granule protein content. HC induced a significant neutrophilia with segmented neutrophils and immature PMN (bands). Circulating PMN obtained 4 hr after HC administration demonstrated less adherence, increased chemiluminescence, increased MPO release, and decreased MPO content. Band neutrophils, however, were more adherent than segmented PMN and showed a similar decrease in adherence following HC in vivo. Thus alteration of PMN adherence following intravenous corticosteroids is not due to an influx of immature neutrophils. On the other hand, it is possible that MPO content and release and capacity for oxidative metabolism change as PMN mature.
541 SEROLOGIC AND VIROLOGIC KINETICS AFTER STOPPING NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUE THERAPY IN HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN (HBSAG) SEROCLEARANCE
Authors: W.-K. Seto, D.K.-H. Wong, J. Fung, J.C.-H. Yuen, I.F.-N. Hung, C.-L. Lai, M.-F. Yuen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Cesium 131 Photoscan
Authors: John T. McGeehan
Journal: JAMA (1968)

All nine patients with clinical studies leading to positive diagnoses of myocardial infarction had findings on the photoscans suggestive of perfusion defects of the myocardium. In eight of nine photoscans, the sites of the defects correlated well with the locations indicated by the electrocardiograms and coronary arteriograms. Four patients with clinical studies indicating no evidence of myocardial infarction had no findings on the photoscans suggestive of localized perfusion defects. The myocardial photoscan made after injection of cesium chloride Cs 131 appears to be a valuable adjunctive study to evaluate old or recent myocardial infarction.