tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
(12) A step out of the dark: frozen section immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of autoimmune skin diseases
Authors: N. Kirkham, M.L. Price, C.R. Darley, B.R. Gibson, K. Chippendale
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

For many years, immunofluorescent techniques have provided a reliable way of identifying immune complexes in frozen sections of skin biopsies in the diagnosis of autoimmune skin diseases. Of course, immunofluorescence requires a darkened room and a special microscope, and the fluorescence may fade quickly. As a consequence, this important part of the diagnostic process has not been universally applied. Attempts have been made to use immunoperoxidase on paraffin sections as an alternative but without much success, mainly because of the problems of excessive background reactivity and decreased specific‐staining sensitivity. We have used standard immunoperoxidase and avidin‐biotin complex methods on frozen sections to produce a result which combines the advantages of high sensitivity, previously only available with immunofluorescence, with a result which can be evaluated on a standard transmitted light microscope. We illustrate the technique with biopsies from patients with pemphigus, pemphigoid and pemphigus gestationis. The preparations do not fade with time and it is therefore possible to demonstrate the results at clinico‐pathological meetings and to undertake retrospective reviews for other purposes. The high sensitivity of the avidin‐biotin complex is especially successful in this application. With these straightforward techniques, autoimmune skin diseases can be adequately characterized in routine laboratories.
Abstract A53: The specific FMS kinase inhibitor, DCC-3014, durably inhibits FMS kinase in vivo and blocks cancer bone invasiveness
Authors: Bryan D. Smith, Michael D. Kaufman, Cynthia B. Leary, Molly M. Hood, Wei-Ping Lu, Benjamin A. Turner, Subha Vogeti, Scott C. Wise, Daniel L. Flynn
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Within the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) rely on signaling through FMS kinase to promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and metastasis. In addition, FMS-expressing macrophages communicate with the adaptive immune system, which can lead to cancer immunotolerance. Osteoclasts also depend on FMS kinase for differentiation and growth, and play a direct role in the ability of a tumor to metastasize to the bone and progress. Taken together, FMS kinase is an excellent target for small molecule therapy of tumor growth and bone metastasis. Using Deciphera Pharmaceuticals' approach to kinase inhibition, potent and specific FMS kinase inhibitors have been identified that achieve single digit nanomolar inhibition in biochemical and cellular assays of FMS activity. Due to their binding mode, these inhibitors retain potency in the presence of high ATP concentrations and also exhibit long off-rates from FMS kinase. Development candidate DCC-3014 is highly selective, inhibiting no other kinases within 100-fold of FMS potency, including related kinases KIT, PDGFRs, FLT3, and VEGFR2. DCC-3014 exhibits potent and durable inhibition of FMS in vivo in a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model. In a variety of cancer models, DCC-3014 or related analogs slow tumor growth, decrease tumor-promoting macrophages, and protect against osteolytic bone invasion. DCC-3014 is currently undergoing formal preclinical development. Citation Format: Bryan D. Smith, Michael D. Kaufman, Cynthia B. Leary, Molly M. Hood, Wei-Ping Lu, Benjamin A. Turner, Subha Vogeti, Scott C. Wise, Daniel L. Flynn. The specific FMS kinase inhibitor, DCC-3014, durably inhibits FMS kinase in vivo and blocks cancer bone invasiveness. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A53. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-A53
Associations of Urinary Cadmium with Age and Urinary Proteins: Further Evidence of Physiological Variations Unrelated to Metal Accumulation and Toxicity
Authors: Agnes Chaumont, Catherine Voisin, Gladys Deumer, Vincent Haufroid, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Harry Roels, Lutgarde Thijs, Jan Staessen, Alfred Bernard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Background: The current risk assessment for environmental cadmium (Cd) largely relies on the assumption that urinary Cd (U-Cd) is a reliable biomarker of the Cd body burden. Recent studies have questioned the validity of this assumption.Objectives: We studied the lifetime trend of U-Cd as a function of diuresis, gender, smoking status, and protein tubular reabsorption. We also analyzed the associations between U-Cd and urinary proteins.Methods: Cd, retinol-binding protein, and albumin were measured in the urine of six cohorts of the general population of Belgium, with a mean age ranging from 5.7 to 88.1 years (n = 1,567). Variations of U-Cd with age were modeled using natural cubic splines.Results: In both genders, U-Cd decreased to a minimum (~ 0.20 μg/L) at the end of adolescence, then increased until 60–70 years of age (~ 0.60 μg/L in never-smokers) before leveling off or decreasing. When U-Cd was expressed in micrograms per gram of creatinine, these variations were amplified (minimum, 0.15 µg/g creatinine; maximum, 0.70 µg/g creatinine) and much higher U-Cd values were observed in women. We observed no difference in U-Cd levels between never-smokers and former smokers, and the difference with current smokers did not increase over time. Lifetime curves of U-Cd were higher with increasing urinary retinol-binding protein or albumin, a consequence of the coexcretion of Cd with proteins.Conclusions: At low Cd exposure levels, U-Cd and age are associated through nonlinear and nonmonotonic relationships that appear to be driven mainly by recent Cd intake and physiological variations in the excretion of creatinine and proteins.Citation: Chaumont A, Voisin C, Deumer G, Haufroid V, Annesi-Maesano I, Roels H, Thijs L, Staessen J, Bernard A. 2013. Associations of urinary cadmium with age and urinary proteins: further evidence of physiological variations unrelated to metal accumulation and toxicity. Environ Health Perspect 121:1047–1053; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306607
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: detection of parasites in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by monoclonal antibodies.
Authors: K. M. Elvin, A. Bjorkman, E. Linder, N. Heurlin, A. Hjerpe
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia is based on identifying Pneumocystis carinii cytochemically in material from the lung. The silver methenamine staining methods most commonly used are technically difficult and lack specificity. The diagnostic value of immunocytological identification of the parasite was evaluated by using mouse monoclonal antibody 3F6, specific for human pneumocystis, to identify P carinii in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum by immunofluorescence and was compared with that of other variables. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on 25 patients positive for HIV antibody with clinically suspected pneumocystis pneumonia and 40 patients negative for HIV antibody who presented with interstitial disorders of the lung. Lavage fluid showed pneumocystis only in the patients positive for antibody, the parasite being detected in 19 by immunofluorescence and in 17 by a modified silver methenamine staining method. Chest x ray films obtained at the time of bronchoscopy showed interstitial or alveolar shadowing in 17 of the 19 patients, but clinical symptoms and the presence of antibodies to pneumocystis did not seem to be predictive. Sputum samples were collected during 43 episodes of clinically suspected pneumocystis pneumonia in patients positive for HIV antibody. Pneumocystis was detected consistently more commonly by immunofluorescence than the silver strain in sputum collected routinely and induced by inhalation of saline. In 17 patients bronchoalveolar lavage followed sputum collection, and the sensitivity of detection of pneumocystis in immunofluorescence in sputum compared with lavage fluid was 57% (8/14). Immunofluorescence was suitable for specimens fixed in ethanol and seemed highly specific and more sensitive than the standard cytochemical methods for identifying pneumocystis.
Interferon and Hepatitis C
Authors: Norah Terrault, Teresa Wright
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

An estimated 3.5 million people in the United States have chronic hepatitis C. Each year, 8000 to 10,000 chronically infected patients die of liver-related complications, and 1000 undergo liver transplantation1 (and Alter M: personal communication). Interferon alfa is the only drug approved for the treatment of hepatitis C in Europe and North America. In the short term, about 50 percent of patients have a response to interferon, but the long-term results have been disappointing.2 After the completion of standard therapy (3 million units three times weekly for six months), 25 percent of patients or less have a sustained biochemical remission, . . .
Natural Killer T Cells and Asthma
Authors: A. Barry Kay
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Invariant natural killer T cells, originally characterized in mice and more recently defined in humans, are a unique, conserved T-cell sublineage possessing a rearrangement of the T-cell antigen receptor (Vα14Jα18 in mice and Vα24Jα18 in humans). Human natural killer T cells also have an invariant β chain (Vβ11). Vα24Vβ11 binds to glycolipids presented by CD1d, a major-histocompatibility complex class I–like molecule expressed on dendritic cells, monocytes, and subgroups of B cells.1 The glycolipid antigens are also highly conserved and include the synthetic glycolipid α-galactosylceramide, self glycolipids, and glycolipids from bacteria and plant pollens.The hallmark response of invariant natural killer . . .
Evaluation of left ventricular function in patients with aortic regurgitation using afterload stress.
Authors: J L Bolen, E L Holloway, J C Zener, D C Harrison, E L Alderman
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Left ventricular function was assessed in 14 patients with chronic aortic regurgitation by afterload elevation with angiotensin. Seven of 14 patients maintained their resting ejection fraction with angiotensin (group A), while the remaining seven experienced a decline of greater than 0.10 in ejection fraction (group B). Six of seven group A patients showed an appropriate rise in left ventricular stroke work index in response to the angiotensin-induced rise in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In contrast, six of seven group B patients showed abnormal, flat, or declining stroke work indices. Included in the seven group B patients were two patients with left ventricular dysfunction secondary to coronary artery disease. The five other group B patients, who did not have coronary diseases, exhibited similar stress-induced ventricular dysfunction, despite the absence of any significant resting hemodynamic differences from patients in group A. These five stress-induced dysfunction patients were distinctive from patients who maintained their ejection fraction level in that the former all had regurgitant fractions of greater than 0.50, whereasl all gruop A patients had regurgitant fractions of less than 0.50. Similarly, these five stress-induced dysfunction patients had significantly larger left ventricular end-diastolic volumes than did the group A patients. These data suggest that patients with pronounced aortic regurgitation measured in terms of regurgitant fraction greater than 0.50 and left ventricular end-diastolic volume of greater than 160 cm3/m2 exhibit impaired ventricular function if appropriately stressed. As most of the patients with stress-induced dysfunction had a normal ejection fraction at rest, it may be that stress-induced dysfunction represents a stage before overt resting dysfunction and cardiac failure.
Age and Skin Reactivity
Authors: JAMES W. GREENWOOD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 June 1976Age and Skin ReactivityJAMES W. GREENWOOD, R.PH., M.S.JAMES W. GREENWOOD, R.PH., M.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-6-755_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest "Immediate Skin-Test Reactivity in a General Population Sample," by Barbee and colleagues, in the February issue (Ann Intern Med84:129-133, 1976). According to the authors, the peak skin-reactivity occurs between 20 to 30 years of age, after the initial expected rise during childhood. Figure 2 of this article would indicate a peak at about 17 to 18 years of age with a second lower peak at about 37 years of age. No mention is made in the paper of these two "bimodal" peaks. Do the authors attach any significance to these "peaks"? The... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JAMES W. GREENWOOD, R.PH., M.S.Affiliations: Clinical Pharmacist Department of Pharmacy The Ohio State University Hospitals Columbus, OH 43210 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1976Volume 84, Issue 6Page: 755-755 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Analysis Of Circulating Rhinovirus-Specific CD4+ T Cells Using Novel MHC Class II Tetramers Reveals Marked Expansion Of Effector Memory Cells In Infected Subjects
Authors: Lyndsey Muehling, Rachana Agrawal, Julia Wisniewski, Paul Wright, William W. Kwok, Ronald Turner, Judith A. Woodfolk
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
TREATMENT OF SARCOMA OF THE NASOPHARYNX BY INJECTIONS OF ADRENALIN.
Authors: JOHN EDWIN RHODES
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The prognosis of sarcoma of the nasopharynx is so uniformly bad that any treatment that offers hope for either the amelioration of the symptoms or a possibility of cure deserves our attention. Having recently had an opportunity of trying a remedy in an inoperable and unfavorable case of sarcoma of the rhinopharynx with encouraging results, I wish to present the method employed to the fellows of this Association with the hope that it may be found worthy of further trial in other cases. The treatment employed was first suggested by Mahu,<sup>1</sup>in 1903, and recently used in a case of carcinoma of the rhinopharynx by Berdier and Falabert<sup>2</sup>with very marked benefit. <h3>Patient.</h3> —Mrs. B. G., aged 22, married seven months, was sent to me Jan. 19, 1906, by Dr. G. E. Turrill, of Cleveland, Ohio. Her mother was living and well; her father had died of erysipelas
Molecular monitoring of response to imatinib (Glivec®) in CML patients pretreated with interferon alpha. Low levels of residual disease are associated with continuous remission
Authors: P Paschka, M C Müller, K Merx, S Kreil, C Schoch, T Lahaye, A Weisser, A Petzold, H König, U Berger, H Gschaidmeier, R Hehlmann, A Hochhaus
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Relation of ventricular volume, compliance, and mass in the normal and pulmonary arterial banded canine heart
Authors: M. M. LAKS, F. MORADY, D. GARNER, H. J. C. SWAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

Right (RV) and left (LV) ventricular volumes, compliances, weights, and wall thicknesses were determined in the fresh post mortem hearts of 10 normal and eight pulmonary arterial banded (PAB) dogs. After two to 40 weeks of PA banding, the mean RV weight, 68·6 ± 5·4 g (mean ± SEM), was greater than normal (P < 0·001), with the maximum increase in RV weight occurring by the eighteenth week. Increases also occurred in the LV weights, but to a lesser extent and at a slower rate than in the right ventricle. Increases in wall thickness were greater at the ventricular bases than apices. In the PAB hearts, at 0 mm Hg (P0), the mean RV volume, 59·5 ± 3·8 ml./m2, and LV volume, 40·5 ± 2·5 ml./m2, were both greater than normal (P<0·001); P0 RV and LV volumes correlated negatively with duration of pulmonary arterial banding and correlated positively with increases in ventricular weight. In the PAB hearts, the mean RV compliance (ΔVav/ΔVLV) was decreased at P5 to P15 (P<0·05) and approached normal at P20. We postulate that an increase in RV wall tension resulting from PA banding causes an initial dilatation of the ventricular chamber and if sustained stimulates myocardial hypertrophy; subsequent increases in mass decrease the chamber volume and result in a decrease in wall tension, allowing the ventricle to reach a stable level of hyper-function.
Smartphones are useful for disease surveillance in rural areas, study finds
Authors: C. Travasso
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A mobile phone based system may be a simple and feasible method for disease surveillance in settings with limited resources, such as rural areas, a study has found. 

The study was carried out in two districts of Madhya Pradesh, one of India’s largest states with some of the country’s worst health indicator figures.1 It is among the first studies to collect syndromic surveillance data from informal healthcare providers; data collectors were stationed at the clinics of six informal and three formal healthcare providers. They used smartphones to record information …
Botanical Dermatology: Plants and Plant Products Injurious to the Human Skin
Authors: William C. Gibson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This encyclopedic work by two distinguished dermatologists and medical historians is truly a landmark. When one comes face to face with relevant, practical, and reliable information on afflictions of the skin caused by 248 families of plants, encompassing 1,405 genera and several thousand species, one can only toast the continuing health of the two untiring authors. The chemistry of the alphabetized offending plant substances is given in conjunction with the clinical features of the skin reactions. The intricacies of patch-testing with plants, sawdust, bulbs, and hairy plants are explained. Respiratory, ophthalmic, and "hay-fever" problems are traced to contributory sources. The importance of this unprecedented work in a world of tourists invading unknown territories, each with its skin problems, cannot be exaggerated. No general practitioner need feel isolated with this intensely practical volume at his elbow. For the specialist, the wealth of bibliographic references is a gold mine.
ACCELERATION OF NEUTROPHILIC GRANULOCYTE RECOVERY AFTER BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION BY ADMINISTRATION OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN GRANULOCYTE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR
Authors: Hideki Kodo, Kenji Tajika, Satoshi Takahashi, Keiya Ozawa, Shigetaka Asano, None Fumimarotakaku
Journal: The Lancet (1988)
P2-241: A retrospective study of the role of chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) patients with brain metastases treated in Alberta, Canada from 2000-2004
Authors: Randeep S. Sangha, Laura Q. Chow, Theresa Trotter, Charles A. Butts, Desiree Hao
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
MODERN ASPECTS OF CONGENITAL OSSEOUS MALFORMATIONS.
Authors: CARL BECK
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The most frequent abnormality of the upper extremity is polydactylism. If there is but a rudimentary finger attached loosely by a pedicle which does not contain any phalanges at all, removal is simple. In Case 1, illustrating a boy of four months, the supernumerary digit, as shown by the skiagraph, contained no bone-tissue. (Fig. 1.) Removal was naturally easy. In the same case there was a partial fusion of the third and fourth metacarpal bones, a condition which would not have been diagnosed without the Roentgen rays. Case 2 represents the more complicated type of true supernumerary digits articulating with each other. There was also a supernumerary digit attached to the little toe. (Fig. 2.) Case 3 shows a true supernumerary phalanx attached to the thumb and articulating with the first metacarpal bone. It is nearly as large as the normal phalanx and possesses a well-developed nail. It is held
Evaluation of indices of left ventricular contractility and relaxation in evolving canine experimental heart failure
Authors: G. W Moe, C. Angus, R. J Howard, T. G Parker, P. W Armstrong
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Evaluation of indices of left ventricular contractility and relaxation in evolving canine experimental heart failure Get access Gordon W Moe, Gordon W Moe Division of Cardiology (Suite 719B), Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8: G W Moe, C Angus, R J Howard, T G Parker, P W Armstrong. Correspondence to Dr Moe. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Carmella Angus, Carmella Angus Division of Cardiology (Suite 719B), Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8: G W Moe, C Angus, R J Howard, T G Parker, P W Armstrong. Correspondence to Dr Moe. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert J Howard, Robert J Howard Division of Cardiology (Suite 719B), Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8: G W Moe, C Angus, R J Howard, T G Parker, P W Armstrong. Correspondence to Dr Moe. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas G Parker, Thomas G Parker Division of Cardiology (Suite 719B), Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8: G W Moe, C Angus, R J Howard, T G Parker, P W Armstrong. Correspondence to Dr Moe. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Paul W Armstrong Paul W Armstrong Division of Cardiology (Suite 719B), Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8: G W Moe, C Angus, R J Howard, T G Parker, P W Armstrong. Correspondence to Dr Moe. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 4, April 1992, Pages 362–366, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.4.362 Published: 01 April 1992 Article history Received: 12 August 1991 Accepted: 11 November 1991 Published: 01 April 1992
Bronchial hyperreactivity in response to inhalation of ultrasonically nebulised solutions of distilled water and saline.
Authors: R E Schoeffel, S D Anderson, R E Altounyan
Journal: BMJ (1981)

To assess non-specific bronchial reactivity the effect of inhaling ultrasonically nebulised solutions of distilled water and hypotonic (0.3%), isotonic (0.9%), and hypertonic (2.7%, 3.6%) saline was investigated in 10 asthmatic patients and nine normal subjects. Expired ventilation and the maximum percentage fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were recorded. The sensitivity to the inhaled solutions was determined by measuring the ventilation required to induce a fall in FEV1 of 20% from the prechallenge value. Hypotonic and hypertonic but not isotonic solutions caused a significant fall in FEV1 in the asthmatic subjects. Normal subjects showed no response to either distilled water or 3.6% saline, the only solutions with which they were challenged. The method used for this challenge is rapid, simple, and inexpensive and provides a new means of diagnosing non-immunologically mediated bronchial hyperreactivity.