tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IT'S THE F. S. A.
Authors: Jay McLean
Journal: JAMA (1949)

To the Editor:—  In regard to a Current Comment,The Journal, February 19, page 531, in addition to your observation concerning letterheads, you may be interested to know that even lantern slides made and issued by the National Cancer Institute for distribution throughout the United States in the fields of professional and lay education are stamped, at the bottom, so that all can read F. S. A.  In all innocence, during a preview of some of these slides which I saw at the National Cancer Institute, I inquired what F. S. A. meant. I was told it meant Federal Security Agency, and then I asked why it wasn't N. C. I., National Cancer Institute. The answer was simply Orders.
P714 LIVER GENE EXPRESSION OF VISFATIN, OMENTIN, CHEMERIN AND CHEMERIN RECEPTOR IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: M. Kukla, B. Adamek, M. Hartleb, M. Zalewska-Ziob, B. Sobala-Szczygieł, L. Kępa, M. Waluga, R.J. Buldak, J. Kasperczyk, A. Wiczkowski, A. Gabriel, K. Zwirska-Korczala
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Prenatal screening for trisomy 18: Should not be contemplated
Authors: T Davies, M C M MacIntosh, T Chard, K Harding
Journal: BMJ (1994)

bemused clinicians to assess the validity of recommendations that differ between the two sets of guidelines.This may require a longer reference document or tables of evidence, but these do not exist for either guideline.The longer version of the WHO-International Society of Hypertension's guidelines is no more explicit about how evidence was chosen or weighted.What is the responsibility of a medical journal in assessing clinical guidelines submitted for publication?Is peer review sufficient?Perhaps journals should use one of the tools for appraising guidelines developed by the American guidelines industry or one of the shorter versions being developed in Britain.With the current profusion of clinical guidelines, the BMJ has a role in encouraging higher standards of development.
Mutations in the desmosomal protein plakophilin-2 are common in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Brenda Gerull, Arnd Heuser, Thomas Wichter, Matthias Paul, Craig T Basson, Deborah A McDermott, Bruce B Lerman, Steve M Markowitz, Patrick T Ellinor, Calum A MacRae, Stefan Peters, Katja S Grossmann, Beate Michely, Sabine Sasse-Klaassen, Walter Birchmeier, Rainer Dietz, Günter Breithardt, Eric Schulze-Bahr, Ludwig Thierfelder
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
The Striated Muscle
Authors: Frederick W. Bauer
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Any clinical or laboratory tests that are performed infrequently usually are performed improperly, and among such tests the muscle biopsy undeservedly belongs. There must be few general pathologists who have not been confounded by the skeletal muscle biopsy delivered to the laboratory shriveled in fixative, twisted like tarred hemp, and looking not unlike the Gordian Knot might have appeared after Alexander had rudely untied it with his sword. So too, the diagnostic value of the muscle can be similarly reduced by the surgeon's scalpel unless the physician, surgeon, and the pathologist all consult and collaborate before beginning such an examination. Such admonitions should be unnecessary for such an old procedure, for it was through the study of skeletal muscle almost a century ago that Virchow first defined the epidemiology of trichinosis in man, and Duchenne first was able to recognize the histomorphologic changes of the muscular dystrophies. This book, another
Glucose-Galactose Malabsorption
Authors: A. J. Schneider, William B. Kinter, Charles E. Stirling
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

CHRONIC diarrhea, clinically indistinguishable from that due to intestinal disaccharidase deficiency, may also be caused by monosaccharide malabsorption. The initial case descriptions were reported almost simultaneously from Sweden and France in 1962. In a series of papers the Swedish authors1 2 3 4 described 4 patients with this disorder, 3 of whom were related. The family pedigree disclosed deaths from chronic, unexplained, watery diarrhea in 6 infants within the first six months of life. The French authors5 reported on 2 living patients and the death of a sibling of 1 patient in early infancy from chronic diarrhea. More recently a seventh case was . . .
Self reported hypertension among unemployed people in the United States
Authors: R. M Brackbill, P. Z Siegel, S. P Ackermann
Journal: BMJ (1995)

ment of Cushing's syndrome.Review of published work suggests that such cases are rare.In one case sarcoidosis presented after adrenalectomy in a patient with Camey's syndrome (primary adrenocortical nodular dysplasia, cardiac myxomas, and spotty pigmentation).2A case of inflammatory polyarthritis has been reported after surgery, the articular symptoms responding to hydrocortisone replacement.3 1 ScaddingJG.
Is There No Place on Earth for Me?
Authors: Loren R. Mosher
Journal: JAMA (1983)

With the exception of a foreword by Robert Coles and an afterword by Ms Sheehan, the contents of this book were previously serialized in<i>The New Yorker</i>. Therefore, the travels, trials, and travails of Sylvia Frumkin are now widely available. The basic story, one patient's involvement with our mental health system, is unfortunately all too familiar: multiple hospitalizations, first in private and then in public institutions; countless psychiatrists and therapists of various persuasions; a bewildering myriad of neuroleptic drugs, megavitamins, ECT, and even insulin comatreatment; and a family desperately seeking, grasping, and clawing at anything that might "cure" its ailing member. The book is remarkable in its evenhanded, almost distant, documentation. Ms Frumkin's many hospitalizations and treatment at Creedmoor State Hospital on Long Island, NY, occupy much of the content. Therefore, it is another description of an institution that grew out of a social policy of the 19th century ("out
Incidental Findings of Systemic Thromboembolism in a Case of Tetralogy of Fallot by Indium-111 Oxine-Labeled Platelet Scintigraphy
Authors: SHUNG-SHUNG SUN, JIH-FANG HSIEH, SHIH-CHUAN TSAI, CHIA-HUNG KAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Indium-111 oxine-labeled platelet scintigraphy is a useful and noninvasive method to detect intracardiac and systemic thromboembolism. A 24-year-old man with tetralogy of Fallot was examined using indium-111 oxine-labeled platelet scintigraphy because of possible left ventricular thrombi. Whole-body indium-111 oxine-labeled platelet scintigraphy revealed multiple and focally increased tracer accumulation in the left internal carotid artery, left ventricle, left inferior mesentery artery, and left femoral artery, compatible with systemic thromboembolism.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Carrier State in Neonates
Authors: Rajiv R. Varma
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Acute type B viral hepatitis developed near the term of pregnancy in seven women. All had signs of acute hepatitis at delivery, and hepatitis B surface antigenemia persisted two to four weeks after delivery. Two milliliters of conventional immune human serum globulin was administered to the neonates within a week of birth, after preexisting type B viral hepatitis infection was excluded. The antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HB<sub>s</sub>) content of two of the administered batches of immune human serum globulin was 1:32 and 1:64. None of the babies became hepatitis B surface antigen carriers, and anti-HB<sub>s</sub>developed without obvious clinical hepatitis in one baby. Conventional immune human serum globulin in larger doses may be a relatively safe and effective prophylaxis against the development of hepatitis B surface antigen carrier state even if the anti-HB<sub>s</sub>content in the administered dose is relatively small. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2302-2304, 1976)
Correction and Control of Intractable Obesity
Authors: Garfield G. Duncan
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Total fast periods of 4 to 14 days in the management of 50 cases of intractable obesity achieved a prompt decrease in body weight of approximately 2.5 lb. per day. Subsequent shorter fast periods served to prevent a recurrence of the obese state and, also, to achieve further reduction in weight in the ensuing weeks. Non-nutritious fluids were allowed ad libitum and polyvitamins were given. Exercise was interdicted. Anorexia was the rule after the first day of fasting and paralleled the degree of hyperketonemia. A sense of well-being was associated with the fast. The patient's subsequent 1- or 2-day fasts, as an outpatient promoted his reassurance that he had within his grasp a means of effectively combating what had formerly appeared to be a hopeless situation.
Necrosis of the femoral head in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: E.N Glick
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

Heberden Society 191 trabeculae with reduced bone modelling seems to be the most likely aetiology.According to the literature approximately 25 per cent. of the cases treated by early but prolonged non-weight- bearing (up to 4 years) appear to heal satisfactorily.In
Effects of Arachidonic Acid, Monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid and Prostaglandins on the Release of Mucous Glycoproteins from Human Airways In Vitro
Authors: Zvi Marom, James H. Shelhamer, Michael Kaliner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Human lung explants maintained in culture for 7 d incorporate [3H]glucosamine into mucous glycoproteins. Ethanol-precipitable, glucosamine-labeled mucous secretion was measured, and the effects of different pharmacologic agents upon this secretion were investigated. Anaphylaxed human lung generates prostaglandin (PG) synthesis and increased mucous release. Arachidonic acid (AA), PGA2, PGD2, and PGF2α significantly increased mucous glycoprotein release, whereas PGE2 significantly reduced release. Evidence which suggests that lipoxygenase products of AA augment mucous release includes the following: (a) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID: acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin) increase mucous release while preventing prostaglandin formation. (b) The increase in mucous release induced by AA or NSAID is additive once the agents are combined. (c) Several nonspecific lipoxygenase inhibitors (eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid; vitamin E; nordihydroguaiaretic acid; and α-naphthol) inhibit mucous release. Three additional lines of evidence directly indicate that monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) causes increased mucous release: (a) the addition of a mixture of synthetic HETE (24-600 nM) increases mucous release; (b) pure 12-HETE (1-100 nM) also increases mucous release; (c) mucous release is increased synergistically by the combination of HETE and NSIAD.
Hepatic jagged1 expression studies
Authors: Anthonise A. Louis, Peter Van Eyken, Barbara A. Haber, Carol Hicks, Gerry Weinmaster, Rebecca Taub, Elizabeth B. Rand
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Mutations in Jagged1, a Notch ligand, have been shown to result in Alagille syndrome (AGS), however, the causal link between haploinsufficiency of Jagged1 and intrahepatic ductal paucity is unknown. This survey was performed to determine the expression pattern of Jagged1 in the fetal and postnatal liver. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed Jagged1 expression in all samples studied including rat liver embryonic days 16 to 21, 1-day-old, 1-week-old, and 2-month-old adult rats. RT-PCR detected Jagged1 in total liver RNA extracted from cadaver organ donor samples from reduced human grafts and explanted native livers from a variety of pediatric disorders including AGS, biliary atresia, congenital hepatic fibrosis, sclerosing cholangitis, cystic fibrosis, fulminant hepatic failure, tyrosinemia, and chronic rejection. Immunohistochemistry showed Jagged1 expression in human fetal samples localized to the ductal plate from 14-week gestation onward. Expression in the postnatal liver was seen in biliary epithelium and zone 3 hepatocytes. In conclusion, these studies show that Jagged1 is expressed in the fetal and postnatal liver in health and disease. We show localization of expression by immunohistochemistry to ductal plate epithelium in human fetal samples and to the biliary epithelium and zone 3 hepatocytes in human postnatal samples. Our results show the localization of Jagged1 in fetal liver and demonstration of Jagged1 expression in postnatal rat and human liver specimens. Further studies of Jagged1 and the Notch signaling pathway are expected to elucidate mechanisms of the regulation of biliary epithelial growth and development.
The Duty to Inspect the Skin and Counsel Those at Risk to Develop Melanoma
Authors: June K. Robinson, Kimberly A. Mallett
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Alan C. Geller, MPH, RN; Timothy M. Johnson, MD; Donald R. Miller, ScD; Katie R. Brooks, MPH; Christle J. Layton, MD; Susan M. Swetter, MDObjective: To determine factors associated with physician discovery of early melanoma in middle-aged and older men.Design: Survey.Setting: Three institutional melanoma clinics.Participants: A total of 227 male participants (aged ≥40 years) with invasive melanoma who completed surveys within 3 months of diagnosis.Intervention: Survey.Main Outcome Measures: Factors associated with physician-detected thin melanoma.Results: Patients with physician-detected melanoma were older, 57% were 65 years or older compared with 34% for other-detected (odds ratio [OR], 2.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-5.55) and 42% for patient-detected melanoma (P = .07). Physician-detected melanoma in the oldest patients (aged ≥65 years) had tumor thickness equal to that of self-detected melanoma or melanoma detected by other means in younger patients. Back lesions composed 46% of all physician-detected melanoma, 57% of those detected by other means, and 16% of self-detected lesions (physician- vs self-detected: OR, 4.25; 95% CI, 1.96-9.23). Ninety-two percent of all physician-detected back-of-the-body melanomas were smaller than 2 mm compared with 63% of self-detected lesions (P = .004) and 76% of lesions detected by other means (P = .07).Conclusions: Skin screenings of at-risk middle-aged and older American men can be integrated into the routine physical examination, with particular emphasis on hard-to-see areas, such as the back of the body. “Watch your back” professional education campaigns should be promoted by skin cancer advocacy organizations.
Diagnosis of Gonorrhea-Reply
Authors: Nicholas B. Riccardi
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In Reply.—  We would like to respond to the letter submitted by Dr Pearson and Ms Anderst and to the one by Mr Neimeister and Mr Iampietro by first thanking them for bringing up the remark that was made parenthetically in our article.  In our summary, we pointed out that Gram-stained smear was not efficacious in diagnosing rectal gonorrhea. In the section Methods of Obtaining the Specimen, it was stated: Rectal culturing should be done on all persons who engage in rectal sexual activity. In this context and to clarify the parenthetical statement that sugar fermentation tests should be done  in oral infection, we would like to state that this recommendation is being made only if New York City (NYC) medium is used. Colonial characteristics alone on NYC medium can distinguish N gonorrhoeae from N meningitidis , and because of the large number of rectal specimens submitted, further biochemical differentiation
Improving asthma treatment: the physiological message
Authors: PJ Sterk
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

During the past decade, there has been an enormous growth in the understanding of the fundamental abnormalities in the airways of patients with asthma.In particular, this relates to the allergen-driven inflammation within the airway wall.The safe application of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in asthma has allowed pathologists, immunologists and molecular biologists to investigate the interaction among the various resident cells and the inflammatory infiltrate in the mucosa and lamina propria [1].At present, this approach seems to offer the best prospect for a gradual clarification of the pathogenesis of asthma.In addition, it can be envisaged that monitoring cellular presence [2], and activity [3], during therapeutic interventions will provide a rationale for the development of a more causal treatment of the disease.Hence, there is little doubt that the major improvements in future asthma therapy and prevention will be based on respiratory cell and molecular biology.
Palmar and plantar erythema due to infusion of sympathomimetics in pregnant women
Authors: P. Reygagne, J. P. Lacour, J-P. Ortonne
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Palmar and plantar erythema due to infusion of sympathomimetics in pregnant women Get access P. Reygagne, P. Reygagne Dermatology Service, Saint‐Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. P. Lacour, J. P. Lacour Dermatology Service, Pasteur Hospital 06000 Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐P. Ortonne J‐P. Ortonne Dermatology Service, Pasteur Hospital 06000 Nice, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 124, Issue 2, 1 February 1991, Page 210, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb00440.x Published: 01 February 1991
ADIPONECTIN INHIBITS TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 4 MEDIATED CARDIAC INFLAMMATION AND INJURY
Authors: Alexander Jenke, Sabrina Wilk, Madlen L&ouml;bel, Jenny Stehr, Wolfgang Poller, Urs Eriksson, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Carsten Skurk
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Paracrine Involvement of LTD4-induced TGFbeta1 Secretion by Epithelial Cells in Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cell proliferation
Authors: Y. Bossé, C. Thompson, S. McMahon, C.M. Dubois, J. Stankova, M. Rola-Pleszczynski
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
CHICKEN-POX AND SMALL-POX
Authors: S. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1902)

<b>Background:</b> Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) have shown a reduced frequency of enhancement with the contrast agent gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA), in comparison with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and it has been suggested that there may be a less important role for inflammation in its pathogenesis. However, the earliest clinical stages of PPMS have not been studied and thus it has not been possible to exclude the existence of an early inflammatory phase. <b>Objective:</b> To study the presence, characteristics, and implications of inflammation in early PPMS. <b>Methods:</b> 45 patients with a mean disease duration of 3.3 years had triple dose Gd enhanced MRI, expanded disability status scale (EDSS), and multiple sclerosis functional composite (MSFC) assessments at baseline. Repeat MRI was done at 1 and 2 months in 24 patients, and at 6 months in 38. <b>Results:</b> Enhancing brain lesions were present in 42% of patients at baseline but enhancing cord lesions were uncommon (7%); 85% of enhancing lesions enhanced for one month or less. Patients with enhancing lesions had greater disability (EDSS, p = 0.027; MSFC, p = 0.026) and more MRI abnormalities (greater T2 load, p = 0.008; greater T1 hypointensity load, p = 0.001; and reduced partial brain volume, p = 0.012) than those without enhancement. Enhancement at 6 months was seen in 32% of patients and was restricted to a subset of patients who enhanced at baseline. <b>Conclusions:</b> Enhancement is present in some cases of early PPMS and is associated with greater disease impact in terms of both clinical and MRI measures.
Has acne increased? Prevalence of acne history among university students between 1948 and 1968. The Glasgow Alumni Cohort Study
Authors: B. Galobardes, G. Davey Smith, M. Jeffreys, P. McCarron
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin disorders.1 Most cases of acne occur in nonsevere forms, but acne carries a social stigma and has considerable impact on emotional health among adolescents.2 The onset of acne incidence is at puberty, incidence peaks around 18 years of age and it has generally receded by the mid‐twenties.3 The prevalence of acne is very high during adolescence,4 leading some authors to suggest that almost everyone has this condition to some extent. A study in the U.K. found acne in 56% of boys and 45% of girls aged 14–16 years.2 A report in the U.K. indicated that referral to a dermatology department because of acne in adult women had increased during the last 10 years.5 Although data from the mid‐twentieth century onwards do not suggest an increasing trend in prevalence among adolescents,6 there is a paucity of such data and further analyses are warranted. We therefore investigated the prevalence of a history of acne among male students, with an average age of 20 years, who attended Glasgow University between 1948 and 1968.
Making physiotherapy more accessible: open access for general practitioners to a physiotherapy department.
Authors: R Ellman, S M Adams, J A Reardon, I H Curwen
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Open access to a physiotherapy outpatient department of a district general hospital was offered to general practitioners to whom domiciliary physiotherapy was already available. The effects of the new service have been monitored. Delays are reduced and consultants economise on time spent in merely confirming need for physiotherapy. Policies determining treatment, placing emphasis on prevention and self-help rather than prolonged treatment, are adhered to equally well by physiotherapists whether patients are referred directly or indirectly. It had proved unnecessary to restrict access to physiotherapy by insisting that general practitioners refer all patients first to consultant clinics. General practitioners have been sufficiently selective in referral and physiotherapists sufficiently economical in selecting treatment and determining its duration for the service to remain within the limits of available resources.
Post-mortem study of the hip joint. III. Correlations between observations.
Authors: P D Byers, C A Contepomi, T A Farkas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

Correlations between alterations in hip joints, described in a post-mortem study, have established the independence of limited and progressive alterations, and in addition have shown that there is a weak association between limited alterations and osteophytes and a strong one between progressive alterations and osteophytes. Nevertheless limited alterations may rarely undergo progressive damage. Cysts relate strongly to osteophytes but only moderately with progressive alterations. Limited alterations of both head and acetabulum can be subdivided. Some implications of these findings are discussed.
Evaluation of Superior Vena Cava Obstruction
Authors: Gary G. Winzelberg
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The BRIEF REPORT of Shimm et al (1981;245:951) describing their experience with superior vena cava obstruction provides some important information on the invasive evaluation of this syndrome. However, the authors have neglected to include the application of newer imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT). With the application of second- and third-generation CT scanners, high-resolution images of the neck can be performed after contrast infusion. Thus, neck and chest masses can be more completely evaluated for the site of origin and for possible invasion of venous, arterial or bony structures in these areas. The contrast-enhanced studies will often clearly define obstruction to the superior vena cava or the clot within it. Thus, the full extent of tumor masses can be accurately assessed with this study. While CT cannot predict the cell type of the cancer, it often provides valuable information by defining the site of origin of