tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Targeting the hepcidin-ferroportin axis to develop new treatment strategies for anemia of chronic disease and anemia of inflammation
Authors: Chia Chi Sun, Valentina Vaja, Jodie L. Babitt, Herbert Y. Lin
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) or anemia of inflammation is prevalent in patients with chronic infection, autoimmune disease, cancer, and chronic kidney disease. ACD is associated with poor prognosis and lower quality of life. Management of ACD using intravenous iron and erythropoiesis stimulating agents are ineffective for some patients and are not without adverse effects, driving the need for new alternative therapies. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of iron regulation reveal that increased hepcidin, the iron regulatory hormone, is a key factor in the development of ACD. In this review, we will summarize the role of hepcidin in iron homeostasis, its contribution to the pathophysiology of ACD, and novel strategies that modulate hepcidin and its target ferroportin for the treatment of ACD. Am. J. Hematol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
USEFULNESS OF 18F-FDG PET/CT FOR IDENTIFICATION OF CARDIAC DEVICE INFECTIONS (PET-ID)
Authors: Jean-Francois Sarrazin, François Philippon, Michel Tessier, Jean Guimond, Maxime Nadeau, Franck Molin, Jean Champagne, Mikaël Trottier, Isabelle Nault, Louis Blier, Gilles O'Hara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Emergency pyramid is inverting already
Authors: M. Cooke
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Turner and Collinson suggestion that it is time to invert the knowledge pyramid in accident and emergency medicine.1 Triage was shown to be effective many years ago, when 30% of patients needed no further care in an emergency department.2

Since then it has been shown that creating a one stop system for patients with minor injuries is also effective in reducing waits.3 Further redesign of having senior staff as the first clinical contact rather than a triage and wait approach …
Referrals to Allergists
Authors: RICHARD GROSS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1985Referrals to AllergistsRICHARD GROSS, M.D.RICHARD GROSS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-5-726_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: As a primary care internist, I object to the tone and language of the editorial by Patterson and Fink (1), in which they tell us which patients we are "required" to refer to an allergist. For any specialist to tell internist colleagues what is "required" regarding referral is misleading, inaccurate, and harmful. Decisions to refer are based on the patient's welfare, and the threshold for referral depends on many factors, including the internist's experience, training, and skill; the patient's desires; costs; and a broad perspective toward the relative benefits of referral. In the editorials of an authoritative...References1. FINKPATTERSON JR. Responsibility of the primary care internist in the care of the allergic patient [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:263-4. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LICHTENSTEINVALENTINENORMAN LMP. A reevaluation of immunotherapy for asthma [Editorial]. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984;129:657-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByInternal Medicine and Training in AllergyDAVID M. LANG, M.D. 1 May 1985Volume 102, Issue 5Page: 726-726 Issue Published: 1 May 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
European court upholds restriction on sale of food supplements
Authors: Rory Watson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The European Union's highest court has upheld proposed restrictions on the sale of food supplements—a setback to critics of the legislation, who claim that it would ban hundreds of popular vitamin pills.

The legislation, which was approved three years ago, establishes a list of vitamins and minerals that may be used in food supplements and lays down criteria on labelling to ensure that consumers are better informed about their contents.

The measures are designed to maintain a high level of protection of public health and to enable approved supplements to be sold throughout the EU. Previously, different national regulations meant that many products could …
New Syndromes and Modern Genetics
Authors: Kurt Hirschhorn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

A congenital syndrome is generally considered to be a constellation of abnormalities due to a single developmental or genetic defect. An excellent approach to the analysis of syndromes has been presented by Opitz et al.1 and deserves careful study when an apparently new constellation of abnormal findings is described. It is often difficult to be certain how many similar cases must be found before coincidence can be ruled out. This is particularly true if one of the major findings (e.g., mental retardation) is relatively common. Clearly, one must be careful not to include as part of the syndrome the finding . . .
P42 Role of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) elastography in the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis: a simultaneous comparison with liver histology in a secondary care setting
Authors: K. Kandiah, M. J. Sangwaiya, P. Tadrous, P. Shorvon, D. Sherman
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The estimation of liver fibrosis in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B or C is crucial in determining the prognosis, surveillance, and treatment decisions. Liver biopsy is still the gold-standard for assessing liver fibrosis. However, it is susceptible to variability in interpretation and carries an associated morbidity and mortality. ARFI elastography is a novel, non-invasive technology incorporated into conventional B-mode ultrasonography that is used to assess liver fibrosis. <h3>Aim</h3> To compare ultrasound elastography stiffness scores in patients with chronic hepatitis B or C disease with concomitantly acquired histopathology specimen scores. <h3>Method</h3> A total of 80 patients underwent ARFI elastography, real time ultrasound examination of the liver and concomitant ultrasound guided biopsy between January 2010 and December 2010. Of these patients, 34 patients had chronic viral hepatitis (18 Hepatitis B, 16 Hepatitis C). All liver biopsies were carried out to aid the management of the patients. The ARFI elastographies and the liver biopsies were carried out by a single operator. Elastography scores were obtained (using a Siemens Acuson S2000 and 4C1 probe 4 MHz transducer) in the same anatomical region of the liver as the biopsy which was taken using a Biopince 18 gauge Menghini type needle. All liver histology was graded for fibrosis using the Ishak fibrosis staging system. <h3>Results</h3> Four out of 34 patients with chronic viral hepatitis were excluded as two did not have elastography scores recorded and two did not have their liver histology graded for fibrosis. Of the patients who were included, 15 had chronic hepatitis B and 15 had chronic hepatitis C. The mean age of the patients was 40.0 years and the number of male patients was 24. The mean ARFI elastography score and mean Ishak staging were 1.59 and 1.63 respectively. A direct correlation was found between ARFI elastography measurements and Ishak staging (Spearman9s rank correlation =0.31). The negative predictive value for fibrosis using ARFI elastography was 94%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A significant correlation between ARFI elastography measurements and liver histology is seen in this study carried out on consecutive unselected cases in a secondary care setting. ARFI elastography is an accurate non-invasive method of excluding liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. The technology is widely applicable as the software can be integrated into a conventional ultrasound system and an elastography examination can be carried out during a routine screening ultrasound scan of the liver.
Multidetector Computed Tomography Accurately Defines Infarct Size, But Not Microvascular Obstruction After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John F. O'Sullivan, Anne-Laure Leblond, John O'Dea, Ivalina Hristova, Sujith Kumar, Kenneth Martin, Arun H.S. Kumar, Noel M. Caplice
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Pharmacologic Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure-Reply
Authors: David W. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the comments of Dr Ahmad, Dr Anderson, and Dr Oosterbosch, expressed in an effort to improve the recommendations within the recent Agency for Health Care Policy and Research clinical practice guideline on heart failure<sup>1</sup>and in our recent publication inThe Journal. Ahmad raises the potential value of low-dose amiodarone. At this time, we do not believe that sufficient data exist to reach a consensus regarding the role of low-dose amiodarone for prolonging survival in heart failure. Currently available data are conflicting. A promising study, showing improved survival with amiodarone,<sup>2</sup>was published subsequent to the publication of the guideline. However, the study by Nicklas et al<sup>3</sup>referenced by Ahmad showed no clinical benefit. We believe that more data are needed to determine whether routine use of this agent is warranted. We concur with the comments of Anderson regarding the importance of magnesium replacement
TCTAP A-011 Incidence of Sub-Acute Stent Thrombosis in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Comparison with Elective Patients and Impact of Two-Stent Procedure
Authors: Hidewo Amano, Kazushige Kadota, Yu Izawa, Takenori Kanazawa, Tahei Ichinohe, Yusuke Hyodo, Takeshi Tada, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Association of Gag cleavage sites to protease mutations and to virological response in HIV-1 treated patients
Authors: Isabelle Malet, Bénédicte Roquebert, Cécile Dalban, Marc Wirden, Bahia Amellal, Rachid Agher, Anne Simon, Christine Katlama, Dominique Costagliola, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
Startle Reaction to Air-Bag Restraints
Authors: H. Haskell Ziperman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Air bags in vehicles constitute a means of passive restraint for individuals involved in auto accidents. There is fear, however, that the inadvertent nonaccident-connected deployment of one of these air bags might substantially interfere with the handling of a vehicle in which such deployment occurred. We have found that while physiologic and physical evidence of startle accompanies such unexpected deployment, good control of the vehicle continues to be exercised by the test subjects under the conditions of our experimental protocol.
Abstract 3294: Notch signaling is regulated by vacuolar ATPase in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Sahithi Pamarthy, Kenneth D. Beaman
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) constitutes 15 % of all diagnosed breast cancers. It is more common among African American and younger women. TNBC cells do not express Estrogen, Progesterone and Her2 receptors. As a result, patients have limited treatment options. To effectively treat TNBC, it is important to identify and target specific signaling pathways that contribute to TNBC tumorigenesis. Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved juxtacrine pathway that is important in normal mammary development and has been shown to play a role in TNBC progression. Although there has been considerable research on role of Notch in TNBC, little is known about its regulation. Identifying novel molecules that can regulate Notch can lead to the development of effective combinatorial treatments. The Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) has been shown to regulate Notch Signaling in Drosophila. V-ATPase is an ATP driven proton pump, which is responsible for maintaining pH. Tumor cells increase expression of V-ATPase, which aids in cancer proliferation and metastasis. Here, we report that the a2 isoform of V-ATPase regulates Notch Signaling in breast cancer. Among isoforms a1, a2, a3 and a4, breast cancer cell lines robustly expressed a2 V-ATPase on their surface. a2 V-ATPase is present towards the leading edge of cells and is higher in TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) as compared to normal chemically transformed cell line (184A1) and hormonal positive cell line (MCF7). Expression of Notch ligands, receptors and target genes was also higher in TNBC cell lines as compared to Non-TNBC cell lines. siRNA mediated knockdown of a2 V-ATPase resulted in an increase of Notch Signaling in the Triple Negative MDA-MB-231 cell line. To understand the molecular mechanism behind this regulation, we used Bafilomycin to inhibit V-ATPase activity. Following V-ATPase inhibition, the expression of Jagged1, a Notch ligand was increased. Our results suggest that Vacuolar ATPase can regulate Notch Signaling by affecting ligand internalization through endocytosis. We further assessed the effect of V-ATPase and Notch signaling inhibitors on cell proliferation of the breast cancer cell lines (184A1, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468). Combined inhibition of V-ATPase and Notch signaling caused significant cell death in all cell lines tested. Together our results identify a2 V-ATPase as a novel regulator of Notch signaling in Breast Cancer and that targeting both V-ATPase and Notch Signaling can be beneficial for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Citation Format: Sahithi Pamarthy, Kenneth D. Beaman. Notch signaling is regulated by vacuolar ATPase in triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3294. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3294
Melanoma Information on the Internet: Often Incomplete--A Public Health Opportunity?
Authors: Christopher K. Bichakjian, Jennifer L. Schwartz, Timothy S. Wang, Janette M. Hall, Timothy M. Johnson, J. Sybil Biermann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy and completeness of information regarding melanoma on the Internet, retrieved by use of search engines. METHODS: The first 30 uniform/universal resource locators (URLs) from each of eight search engines using the search term “melanoma” were retrieved for evaluation of accuracy and completeness using a 35-point checklist rating system instrument. Four reviewers independently rated each of 35 sites, and one reviewer rated all 74 assessable sites. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate interrater variability. RESULTS: A total of 74 assessable Web sites were evaluated. The remainder were inaccessible, link pages only, or duplicates. Thirty-five Web sites were each independently rated by four reviewers. The remaining 39 Web sites were each rated by one reviewer. The mean kappa statistic for all variables and all rater pairs for which a kappa could be calculated was 0.824, indicating excellent overall inter-rater reliability. The majority of Web sites failed to include complete i...
Visualization of a Recanalized Umbilical Vein on Tc-99m Disofenin Cholescintigraphy
Authors: DAVID WARSHAUER, LUCILLE SOLDANO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

The blood pool phase of a hepatobiliary scan occasionally allows visualization of vascular abnormalities, such as cardiac chamber enlargement, aortic aneurysm, and pericardial effusion. In this scan, performed in a patient with known hepatic insufficiency who presented with right upper quadrant pain, the blood pool or immediate Tc-99m disofenin image demonstrates a serpiginous area of activity extending from the liver to the mid abdomen which promptly clears on subsequent imaging. Its early appearance and prompt clearing suggest a vascular etiology and the structure was demonstrated to represent a recanalized umbilical vein on subsequent Doppler ultrasound exam. Though similar findings have been reported in the dynamic phase of a liver/spleen scan, this is the first reported observation with a hepatobiliary agent. The very early appearance of the activity, its intensity, and rapid fading are consistent with a vascular origin and should not be confused with excretion of activity into the small bowel. In any equivocal case, Doppler ultrasound should be definitive, as in this patient.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE PRESENCE AND EXTENT OF CORONARY LIPID CORE PLAQUES DETECTED BY NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY WITH POST PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Deepa Raghunathan, Abdul-rahman Abdel-karim, Monica daSilva, Omar Jeroudi, Bavana Rangan, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Auranofin in steroid dependent asthma.
Authors: O Sitbon, S Salmeron, P Duroux, R Caquet
Journal: Thorax (1992)

Auranofin in steroid dependent asthmaWe read with interest the article by Dr Nierop and others (May 1992;47:349-54) concerning oral gold in the treatment of steroid dependent asthma.We were surprised to notice that most patients did not receive maximal high dose inhaled corticosteroids when included in the study; this was the case with nine patients in the placebo group (69%) and eight patients in the auranofin group (53%).This must be pointed out as high dose inhaled corticosteroids (that is, beclometha- sone 1500-2000 pg/day or budesonide 1200- 1600 pg/day) are known to be more effective
Angioplasty of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery: Initial success and long-term follow-up
Authors: John H. Frierson, Alexios P. Dimas, Patrick L. Whitlow, Jay L. Hollman, Dominic L. Marsalese, Conrad C. Simpfendorfer, Khosrow Dorosti, Irving Franco
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Swedenborg as a Pioneer in Cerebral Localization
Authors: Erik Ask-Upmark
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the June 16, 1962, issue ofThe Journal(<b>180</b>:944), a distinguished survey of pioneers in localization of function in the brain was presented by William Gibson, Vancouver, Canada. However, he does not mention the name of Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772). Swedenborg was an extremely diligent worker, a keen observer, and an unprejudiced man of research, able to draw conclusions far ahead of his time. His medical observations were mainly made during the years 1734-1745. Swedenborg considered the mental abilities to be localized to the cortex of the brain. This cortex was divided by sulcus Rolandi into one anterior region, mainly motoric, and one posterior region, mainly sensory. Our abilities of conception, of memory, and of thinking were localized to the anterior region. In this region, however, were also localized the centers for the voluntary innervation of the muscles. The various "sphaerulae" (so called by Malpighi and
Chondrogenic and osteogenic potential of adipose derived stem cells from RA and OA patients
Authors: U. Skalska, T. Burakowski, I. Janicka, A. Kornatka, P. Maldyk, W. Maslinski, E. Kontny
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) have a potential to differentiate into cells of mesodermal origin (chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes) and recently emerged as an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells for cell therapy. Bone and cartilage engineering is the obvious therapeutic application of ADSC in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) – in RA chronic joint inflammation leads to cartilage and bone destruction causing patients disabilities. The aim of our study was to analyse the percentage of ADSC from RA patients and to evaluate their chondrogenic and osteoblastogenic potential in comparison to ADSC derived from osteoarthritic (OA) patients. We examined also the effect of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) – critical cytokine for RA pathogenesis, on the ADSC differentiation. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Intra-articular adipose tissue was obtained from RA and OA patients during total knee joint replacement surgery. ADSC cells were isolated and cultivated in DMEM/F12/10% FCS medium. After forth passage cells were analysed using flow cytometry for three stem cells markers: CD73, CD90 and CD105. Differentiation of ADSC was performed in chondrogenic or osteoblastogenic medium in the absence or presence of TNF-α (10 ng/ml). The expression of chondrogenesis (Sox9, aggrecan, collagen 2a) and osteogenesis (Runx2, BMP-2, osteopontin - OPN) markers was evaluated by RT-PCR reaction. <h3>Results</h3> There was no significant difference between ADSC percentage in RA and OA intra-articular adipose tissue. 77.3% (RA) and 77.6% (OA) of cells had co-expression of three stem cells markers: CD73, CD90 and CD105. Expression of Runx2 and BMP-2 was similar in RA and OA ADSC, while OPN expression was significantly higher in RA than in OA ADSC. TNF-α enhanced BMP-2 and Runx2 expression in RA and OA cells, but inhibited osteopontin expression. The expression of Sox 9, aggrecan and collagen 2a were similar in RA and OA. TNF-α significantly inhibited expression of all three chondrogenesis markers. <h3>Conclusions</h3> ADSC frequency in intra-articular adipose tissue is similar in RA and OA patients. ADSC from OA and RA patients have similar chondrogenic and osteoblastogenic potential. Interestingly OPN mRNA expression was higher in RA ADSC. Further studies are required to investigate whether this protein, which is thought to play proinflammatory role as an extracellular form, is released from RA ADSC. TNF-α inhibits chondrogenesis of ADSC from both OA and RA patients. It is possible that TNF-α may enhance early stages of osteogenesis (upregulates Runx 2 and BMP-2 mRNA expression) and inhibit late stages (diminishes OPN mRNA expression) both in RA and OA patients.