tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of imatinib mesylate (STI571) in chronic neutrophilic leukemia with t(15;19): Case report
Authors: In Keun Choi, Byung‐Soo Kim, Kyung‐A Lee, Sookwon Ryu, Hee Yun Seo, Hyeryoung Sul, Jong Gwon Choi, Hwa Jung Sung, Kyong Hwa Park, So Young Yoon, Sang Cheul Oh, Jae Hong Seo, Chul Won Choi, Sang Won Shin, Soo‐Young Yoon, Yunjung Cho, Young‐Kee Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Jun Suk Kim
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare hematologic disorder, for which there is no standard therapy. Recently, STI (imatinib mesylate) has been shown to be effective in treating patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorder (CMPD) displaying the translocation of the PDGFβR gene. Here, we present a case of a patient with CNL carrying t(15;19)(q13;p13.3) who achieved a cytogenetic remission following treatment with imatinib, 400 mg daily. After failure of alpha interferon and hydroxyurea therapy, a durable and complete clinical and cytogenic remission was induced by imatinib. To our knowledge, this is the first case with CNL who showed complete response with cytogenic remission after treatment of imatinib. The mechanism of response to this molecule is unknown in our case (other oncogenes than c‐kit, tyrosine kinase, or PDGFR may be involved). The patient remains in complete remission with an excellent performance status after 7 months of therapy. We demonstrate here that imatinib can induce a clinical and cytogenetic response in a case of CNL associated with a novel translocation other than a 5q33 rearrangement. Further studies including the molecular cloning of the t(15;19)(q13;p13.3) will be important in understanding the pathophysiology of CNL with a heterogeneous clinical course and the exploitation of the basic mechanisms of imatinib treatment. Am. J. Hematol. 77:366–369, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone Morphogenic Protein-4 Induces Hypertension in Mice
Authors: Sumitra Miriyala, Maria C. Gongora Nieto, Christopher Mingone, Debra Smith, Sergey Dikalov, David G. Harrison, Hanjoong Jo
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Recent in vitro studies have shown that disturbed flow and oxidative conditions induce the expression of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs 2 and 4) in cultured endothelial cells. BMPs can stimulate superoxide production and inflammatory responses in endothelial cells, raising the possibility that BMPs may play a role in vascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that BMP4 would induce hypertension in intact animals by increasing superoxide production from vascular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases and an impairment of vasodilation responses. Methods and Results— BMP4 infusion by osmotic pumps increased systolic blood pressure in a time- and dose-dependent manner in both C57BL/6 mice (from 101 to 125 mm Hg) and apolipoprotein E–null mice (from 107 to 146 mm Hg) after 4 weeks. Cotreatment with the BMP antagonist noggin or the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin completely blocked the BMP4 effect. In addition, BMP4 infusion stimulated aortic NADPH oxidase activity and impaired vasorelaxation, both of which were prevented either by coinfusing noggin or by treating the isolated aortas with apocynin. BMP4, however, did not cause significant changes in maximum relaxation induced by the endothelium-independent vasodilator nitroglycerin. Remarkably, BMP4 infusion failed to stimulate aortic NADPH oxidases, increase blood pressure, and impair vasodilation responses in p47phox-deficient mice. Conclusions— These results suggest that BMP4 infusion induces hypertension in mice in a vascular NADPH oxidase–dependent manner and the subsequent endothelial dysfunction. We suggest that BMP4 is a novel mediator of endothelial dysfunction and hypertension and that noggin and its analogs could be used as therapeutic agents for treating vascular diseases.
Childhood Motor Coordination and Adult Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Jason Schiffman, Holger J. Sorensen, Justin Maeda, Erik L. Mortensen, Jeff Victoroff, Kentaro Hayashi, Niels M. Michelsen, Morten Ekstrom, Sarnoff Mednick
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2009)

Objective: The authors examined whether motor coordination difficulties assessed in childhood predict later adult schizophrenia spectrum outcomes. Method: A standardized childhood neurological examination was administered to a sample of 265 Danish children in 1972, when participants were 10–13 years old. Adult diagnostic information was available for 244 members of the sample. Participants fell into three groups: children whose mothers or fathers had a psychiatric hospital diagnosis of schizophrenia (N=94); children who had at least one parent with a psychiatric record of hospitalization for a nonpsychotic disorder (N=84); and children with no parental records of psychiatric hospitalization (N=66). Psychiatric outcomes of the offspring were assessed through psychiatric interviews in 1992 when participants were 31–33 years of age, as well as through a scan of national psychiatric registers completed in May 2007. Results: Children who later developed a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (N=32) displayed significantly higher scores on a scale of coordination deficits compared with those who did not develop a mental illness in this category (N=133). Conclusions: Results from this study provide further support for the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia and underscore the potential role of cerebellar and/or basal ganglia abnormalities in the etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
Antibody to Hepatitis A Antigen in Institutionalized Mentally Retarded Patients
Authors: Wolf Szmuness
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Institutionalized patients with Down syndrome and matched controls with other causes of mental retardation were tested by immune adherence hemagglutination for the presence of antibody to hepatitis A antigen (anti-HA). Altogether 75.1% (175 of 233) exhibited presence of anti-HA, with no differences by sex or age. Patients reactive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or its antibody (anti-HBs) were reactive for anti-HA significantly more frequently than those with a negative reaction for these markers. In contrast to serologic markers of hepatitis type B, prevalence of anti-HA does not depend on the cause of mental retardation or on the age at primary infection. The rate of anti-HA positivity was found to be closely correlated with duration of institutionalization. The study confirmed that many closed institutions for the mentally retarded are hyperendemic for hepatitis type A and that formation of anti-HA is not greatly affected by either immune deficiency or immune immaturity.
A2A adenosine receptors and C/EBPβ are crucially required for IL-10 production by macrophages exposed to Escherichia coli
Authors: Balázs Csóka, Zoltán H. Németh, László Virág, Pál Gergely, S. Joseph Leibovich, Pál Pacher, Chun-Xiao Sun, Michael R. Blackburn, E. Sylvester Vizi, Edwin A. Deitch, György Haskó
Journal: Blood (2007)
Helicobacter pylori infection in Meckel's diverticula.
Authors: K M Newbold, H J O'Connor
Journal: Gut (1990)

tion with H pylori (69/70=99%) compared with the smaller risk (RR=8) with antral infection with H pylori (85/96= 89%).'In our series" the frequency of duodenal ulcer in patients with H pylori in their duodenum was double the frequency of ulcers in the duodenums of patients with H pylori in their antra, which is why we suggested 'that duodenal H pylori may be more closely cor- related with duodenal ulceration than is antral infection'.2
My Not-So-Near-Death Experience
Authors: Lawrence N. Hill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

On Being a Patient15 November 1996My Not-So-Near-Death ExperienceLawrence N. Hill, MDLawrence N. Hill, MDManila, Philippines.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-10-199611150-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I am a hypochondriac. My medical degree offers me no immunity to this common ailment. My case is not a bad one, but I have it nonetheless. As a practicing oncologist for nearly 20 years before taking a generalist's job with the government, I empathized with my patients and became convinced regularly that I, too, had a malignant condition. Once I went so far as to walk into the reading room of my good friend, the local radiologist, and admit that I thought I might have male breast cancer, metastatic to bone, because I had discomfort in both the breast ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Lawrence N. Hill, MDAffiliations: Manila, Philippines.Corresponding Author: Lawrence N. Hill, MD, c/o American Embassy, Manila APO AP 96440, Philippines. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 10Page: 855-857KeywordsAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisFasciculationsKneesMotor neuronsMusclesNeurologyNeurosurgeryPancreatic cancerReflexesTongue ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A Recommended Approach to the Evaluation of Human Rabies Exposure in an Acute-Care Hospital
Authors: Patrick L. Remington
Journal: JAMA (1985)

It is important to minimize the costs and risks associated with unnecessary prophylaxis of health care workers. We studied the process of providing rabies postexposure prophylaxis following the 24-day hospitalization of a rabies-infected patient. Of 209 persons who cared for the patient, only 12 (6%) reported high-risk contact, and treatment was recommended for them. Unnecessary prophylaxis was limited to 35 persons (18%) who did not report high-risk contacts but who requested treatment because of their uncertainty about the degree of exposure. These persons, however, spent significantly more time with the patient compared with persons who did not request treatment. Maintaining strict isolation precautions when rabies is being considered, educating employees about the risks of transmission in this setting, carefully documenting exposures, and adhering to the guidelines for postexposure prophylaxis may help reduce excessive prophylaxis of health care workers.
TRUMATIC NEUROSES FROM THE STANDPOINT OF A SURGEON.
Authors: ARTHUR DEAN BEVAN
Journal: JAMA (1900)

I feel honored by the invitation of this Section to discuss the subject of traumatic neuroses from the standpoint of a surgeon. I am very glad of the opportunity of doing this, because the subject is one in which I have been interested for some time, one which I have had unique and large opportunity of studying, and one upon which I have formed some definite opinions, opinions which are not widely known or accepted by either the general practitioner or the neurologist; opinions which I am confident will eventually be recognized, and which I consider of much practical value. The unique opportunity of studying traumatic neuroses to which I refer was the study of a train wreck in which the conditions were such that more than two hundred and fifty people were subject to the same amount of violence and the same condition capable of producing mental shock. I
Effects of Famciclovir in Acute Herpes Zoster
Authors: Umberto Tirelli
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 April 1996Effects of Famciclovir in Acute Herpes ZosterUmberto Tirelli, MDUmberto Tirelli, MDNational Cancer Institute; 33081 Aviano (PN); ItalySearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-8-199604150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Tyring and colleagues' study of famciclovir in patients with acute herpes zoster [1] was placebo-controlled. I believe it is unethical to give placebo to such patients when a safe and effective drug such as acyclovir is available. Although one of the study's exclusion criterion was complications of herpes zoster, such as ocular or visceral involvement or disseminated herpes zoster, I question whether ethical committees consistently and properly evaluate studies sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. In addition, the authors did not state the start and end dates of the study. Although the authors stated in the Results section that ...REFERENCE1. Tyring S, Barbarash RA, Nahlik JE, Cunningham A, Marley J, Heng M, et al. Famciclovir for the treatment of acute herpes zoster: effects on acute disease and postherpetic neuralgia. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:89-96. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Cancer Institute; 33081 Aviano (PN); Italy PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1996Volume 124, Issue 8Page: 775KeywordsDrugs Issue Published: 15 April 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
An evaluation of the multidisciplinary approach to psychiatric diagnosis in elderly people.
Authors: G Collighan, A Macdonald, J Herzberg, M Philpot, J Lindesay
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the accuracy of psychiatric diagnoses made by two community psychogeriatric teams operating a multidisciplinary assessment procedure. DESIGN--Comparison of team diagnosis with independent formal assessment and consensus diagnosis by research psychiatrists. SETTING--Two community psychogeriatric teams with similar operational policies in an inner London health district. SUBJECTS--100 people aged 65-90 (70 women) newly referred to the teams. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Concordance between team and research diagnoses. RESULTS--Agreement between team and research diagnoses ranged from 90% to 99% for the specific psychiatric disorders studied. There was no significant difference between medical and non-medical team members in their diagnostic performance compared with the research psychiatrists. Increased diagnostic accuracy by team members was associated with longer experience of team working, regardless of the team members9 professional background. CONCLUSIONS--The multidisciplinary approach to the assessment of referrals to these community teams for the elderly is not associated with misdiagnosis of psychiatric disorder.
Immune-Complex Glomerulonephritis -- Deposits plus Interest
Authors: Gerald B. Appel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The combination of antigens with antibodies to form immune complexes and their localization within the glomerulus have aided the study of immune mechanisms of tissue damage and provided a cornerstone for the clinical classification and treatment of many glomerular diseases. The concept that the pathogenesis of many common forms of idiopathic glomerulonephritis, such as membranous nephropathy and IgA nephropathy, is related to immune complexes is widely accepted. Since the antigenic component of the immune complex in these diseases remains unknown, they are classified morphologically rather than etiologically. Thus, the subepithelial location of the deposits defines idiopathic membranous nephropathy, whereas the . . .
Use of 99mTc-DISIDA biliary scanning with morphine provocation for the detection of elevated sphincter of Oddi basal pressure
Authors: P D Thomas
Journal: Gut (2000)

BACKGROUND Endoscopic biliary manometry is useful in the assessment of patients with types II and III sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, but it is time consuming and invasive. AIM To investigate the role of 99mTc-DISIDA scanning, with and without morphine provocation, as a non-invasive investigation in these patients compared with endoscopic biliary manometry. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 34 patients with a clinical diagnosis of type II (n=21) or III (n=13) sphincter of Oddi dysfunction were studied. Biliary scintigraphy with 100 MBq of 99mTc-DISIDA was carried out with and without morphine provocation (0.04 mg/kg intravenously) and time/activity curves were compared with the results of subsequent endoscopic biliary manometry. RESULTS Eighteen (nine type II, nine type III) of the 34 (53%) patients had sphincter of Oddi basal pressures above the upper limit of normal (40 mm Hg). In the standard DISIDA scan without morphine, no significant differences were observed in time to maximal activity (Tmax) or percentage excretion at 45 or 60 minutes between those with normal and those with abnormal biliary manometry. However, following morphine provocation, median percentage excretion at 60 minutes was 4.9% in those with abnormal manometry and 28.2% in the normal manometry group (p=0.002). Using a cut off value of 15% excretion at 60 minutes, the sensitivity for detecting elevated sphincter of Oddi basal pressure by the morphine augmented DISIDA scan was 83% and specificity was 81%. Also, 14 of the 18 patients with abnormal manometry complained of biliary-type pain after morphine infusion compared with only two of 16 patients in the normal manometry group (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS 99mTc-DISIDA with morphine provocation is a useful non-invasive investigation for types II and III sphincter of Oddi dysfunction to detect those with elevated sphincter basal pressures who may respond to endoscopic sphincterotomy.
Possible method of identifying spotter practices in a health board in Northern Ireland.
Authors: W W McConnell, V K Tohani
Journal: BMJ (1984)

We examined the notification of infectious diseases, including measles, by general practitioners over 18 months, which included a measles epidemic in the area covered by the Southern Health and Social Services Board in Northern Ireland. Of the 156 general practitioners who provided services in the area, 27 (17.3%) had a pattern of notification which might render them acceptable as "spotter" practices, a system which at present does not exist in Northern Ireland, although it is used in the rest of the United Kingdom. In future we hope to be able to; (i) predict impending epidemics of infectious disease; (ii) mobilise Health Service resources to minimise the effects of such epidemics; (iii) monitor the effects of improving the level of uptake of measles vaccine.
Daptomycin versus Standard Therapy for Bacteremia and Endocarditis Caused by<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Authors: Vance G. Fowler, Helen W. Boucher, G. Ralph Corey, Elias Abrutyn, Adolf W. Karchmer, Mark E. Rupp, Donald P. Levine, Henry F. Chambers, Francis P. Tally, Gloria A. Vigliani, Christopher H. Cabell, Arthur Stanley Link, Ignace DeMeyer, Scott G. Filler, Marcus Zervos, Paul Cook, Jeffrey Parsonnet, Jack M. Bernstein, Connie Savor Price, Graeme N. Forrest, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Marcelo Gareca, Susan J. Rehm, Hans Reinhardt Brodt, Alan Tice, Sara E. Cosgrove
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Alternative therapies for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis are needed.We randomly assigned 124 patients with S. aureus bacteremia with or without endocarditis to receive 6 mg of daptomycin intravenously per kilogram of body weight daily and 122 to receive initial low-dose gentamicin plus either an antistaphylococcal penicillin or vancomycin. The primary efficacy end point was treatment success 42 days after the end of therapy.Forty-two days after the end of therapy in the modified intention-to-treat analysis, a successful outcome was documented for 53 of 120 patients who received daptomycin as compared with 48 of 115 patients who received standard therapy (44.2 percent vs. 41.7 percent; absolute difference, 2.4 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, -10.2 to 15.1 percent). Our results met prespecified criteria for the noninferiority of daptomycin. The success rates were similar in subgroups of patients with complicated bacteremia, right-sided endocarditis, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Daptomycin therapy was associated with a higher rate of microbiologic failure than was standard therapy (19 vs. 11 patients, P=0.17). In 6 of the 19 patients with microbiologic failure in the daptomycin group, isolates with reduced susceptibility to daptomycin emerged; similarly, a reduced susceptibility to vancomycin was noted in isolates from patients treated with vancomycin. As compared with daptomycin therapy, standard therapy was associated with a nonsignificantly higher rate of adverse events that led to treatment failure due to the discontinuation of therapy (17 vs. 8, P=0.06). Clinically significant renal dysfunction occurred in 11.0 percent of patients who received daptomycin and in 26.3 percent of patients who received standard therapy (P=0.004).Daptomycin (6 mg per kilogram daily) is not inferior to standard therapy for S. aureus bacteremia and right-sided endocarditis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00093067 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Just 4% of young women treated for cancer take up fertility preservation services
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Only 4% of young women treated for cancer take steps to preserve their fertility shows a US study, which suggests that sociodemographic factors affect access to fertility preservation services.

Researchers from the University of California, San Francisco, surveyed 2532 women between the ages of 18 and 40 selected by random sampling from the California Cancer Registry. They included women with leukaemia, Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast cancer, and gastrointestinal cancers because these are common non-gynaecologic cancers that can be treated with systemic chemotherapy.

Fewer than two-thirds (61%) of the 1041 women who responded to the survey had been counselled on the risk …
Cross sectional survey of patients' satisfaction with information about cancer
Authors: R. Jones, J. Pearson, S. McGregor, W H. Gilmour, J. M Atkinson, A. Barrett, A. J Cawsey, J. McEwen
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Most patients with cancer want as much information as possible appropriate to their personal needs and circumstances. 1 2 We surveyed the views of cancer patients entering a randomised trial of computer based information.3 We examined their need for information and their satisfaction with information received and how these varied with their demographic, social, and psychological characteristics.

Eligible patients were those planned to receive radical radiotherapy, who knew their diagnosis, were without visual or mental handicap, and were without severe pain or symptoms causing distress. Of 715 patients asked to take part, 190 refused, 25 stating they did not want more information. Of the 525 participants, 309 had breast cancer, 129 had prostate cancer, 22 had cervical cancer, and 65 had laryngeal cancer.

Data were collected at the recruitment interview, from a questionnaire the patients completed at home shortly after, and from their case notes Data included the information patients would like,2 a hospital anxiety and depression scale,4 the newspaper patients read, and deprivation category (derived from postcode).5 Using χ2 tests and multiple logistic regression analysis, we compared the patients' sources and perceived quantity of information received and their satisfaction with this information, as binary variables, with their age, sex, cancer site, newspaper …
Destruction of Case Records
Authors: J. H. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1971)

hearing, dentition, and painful feet were common.By seeing one patient per week per worker we will be able to cover the elderly patients of this group practice systematically in about three years.High risk patients can be identi- fied, and the work load is not greatly in- creased.The interviews take about 20-30 minutes, and greeting and leaving patients may take more time than the actual screen- ing.Sometimes there is a request for further regular calls which are not medically necessary, and these may be hard to refuse.As the scheme stands, it can be applied immediately, and because of the comparatively small resources that are needed we are prepared to proceed without a planned evaluation of the benefits that acrue.-Weare, etc.,