tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Points from letters: Antibiotic cover for dental extractions
Authors: D A McGowan
Journal: BMJ (1975)

NHS family planning services SIR,-In the BM7 (19 July, p 185) it is re- ported that "the profession's negotiators [our italics] and the DHSS have agreed a scheme for the provision of family planning services through the hospital service, for all FP work, whether of medical or social origin."We are astonished that there has been, as yet, minimal medical or public reaction to this retrograde proposal.It is the feeling of the undersigned staff of the obstetrical and gynaecological department in Aberdeen that this scheme is indisputably bad.The reasons for its introduction are far from obvious and the advantages in terms of patient care are difficult to define.Furthermore, it may turm out to have a dangerously disruptive effect among different grades of staff in many gynaecological and anaesthetic departments, including theatre staff and porters.It seems ludicrous for a health service short of money in a time of rapid inflation to put out extra money to its highest paid workers.This is all apart from the questionable morality of the scheme and the inevitable difficulties it will present in the counselling of patients who seek unbiased family planning advice.
THE WORK OF A VENEREAL DISEASE CLINIC: The First Five Hundred Males
Authors: O. L. Rhys
Journal: BMJ (1918)

THE condition encountered ill lie following case seems a rare-addition to theiintestinal troubles of infancy.On July4th,1918, during the heighit of'the influenza epidemic, a -efemale inant, aged 8 months, was brought to me with a histoy dif ivmiting-on -the previous day.The bowelshad.acted,an(d tthe temperature was raised.A simple laxative mixture was given.On Julv >8th the child was visited at home.The bow-els had not acted; the mother had given castor oil,-and vQomitiug.ha(lrecurred.Next day.a-simple enema was given, with no result.'Milk and water were retained with difficulty, and there -was great restlessness at night,'but no rise of temperature andno.abnormalsigns'inthe'luigs.Onu JilyJ1:th.anapkin wais shown eontaining a small quantity of.daikcognilated blood and some inspissated mucus.This was the-result.cif a second enemagiven on.thepreviousevening.A Tairly lirm mass was'felt in the right -lumbar and umbilical rqgions, while towards the left side, at the .same,level,two undulations whidh .might-resultifrom a rigid spuam of the small intestine,couEd"be seen.A diag1nosis.of intestinal obstruction, possibly due to 'intussuaception, was made, and the child Nvas admitted to the&WarringtonInfirmary.
Bile Leak from Choledochal Cyst in a Child
Authors: GARY M. LEVINE, JOHN J. SZIKLAS, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Ultrasound of the abdomen in a 3-year-old girl suggested the presence of a choledochal cyst. A hepatobiliary study was consistent with such a cyst. Delayed images, however, revealed periabdominal activity, suggesting a bile leak. At surgery, the choledochal cyst was confirmed and noted to be the source of bile leakage.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy: Sentinel node technique has drawbacks
Authors: Stefano Ciatto
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Among the possible drawbacks of sentinel node biopsy, discussed by Kell and Kerin,1 is the risk of false positive findings because of reactive lymph node swelling in the biopsy site. Periodic follow up of the sampled lymph node area has become a common practice after sentinel node …
Moon to Medicine: Benefits from the Space Program?
Authors: RAYMOND H. MURRAY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Editorial1 August 1970Moon to Medicine: Benefits from the Space Program?RAYMOND H. MURRAY, M.D.RAYMOND H. MURRAY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-2-331 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough the technical and political achievements of the space program have been satisfying, benefits to the general scientific community and to medicine in particular have been disappointing to many. This has been due in part to over-sold expectations; because of the nature of the program rewards have been richest in the physical sciences and engineering. But the major reason for dissatisfaction in medicine has not been failure of accomplishment but, rather, limited reporting of biomedical benefits to the profession.When the National Aeronautics and Space Administration was created in 1958, it was mandated to "provide for the widest practical and...References1. SCHWICHTENBERG A: Clinical application of space medicine technology. JAMA 201:101-104, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MURRAY R: Space research spin-off. Med Opinion Rev 4:101-110, 1968 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Regenstrief Institute for Health Care Indiana University Medical Center Indianapolis, Ind. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1970Volume 73, Issue 2Page: 331-333KeywordsMotivation Issue Published: 1 August 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Efficacy of Intradermally Administered A2 Hong Kong Vaccine
Authors: Hjordis M. Foy
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor:—  During the 1968-1969 A2/Hong Kong influenza epidemic, several studies testified to moderate efficacy of subcutaneously administered inactivated vaccine. 1 Tauruso et al compared antibody response after intradermal and subcutaneous inoculation and induced better antibody response by intradermal (ID) route. 2 The efficacy under field conditions was not tested. Since this route might not induce local antibody response in the respiratory tract, doubt was raised about the protective effect of intradermal vaccine. 3   The following experiment tested intradermally administered vaccine under natural challenge. In September 1968 employees of all offices of a local Seattle bank were offered the old formulation of polyvalent influenza vaccine (without the Hong Kong strain) by intradermal route. On Dec 23, 1968, at the peak of the influenza epidemic, employees in the downtown office of this bank only, were offered monovalent A2/ Hong Kong vaccine (Eli Lilly and Co.: 80 CCA units). Vaccine was
NICE clinical guidelines: Health economics must engage with complexity of issues
Authors: Martin Eccles
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Cholesterol values seem to divergeEditor-The targets for cholesterol management seem to be ever decreasing, but I cannot get my head around the fact that in the new guidelines from the British Hypertension Society box 8 suggests we should consider treatment if the 10 year risk of cardiovascular disease is > 20% and the total cholesterol level is > 3.5 mmol/l but the target to be attained, which is printed beside box 8, is higher, 4 mmol/l. 1 Can someone explain this anomaly to a simple general practitioner who will have to explain it to patients?
Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis D virus replication in HBsAg-positive fulminant hepatitis
Authors: Antoni Mas, María Buti, Rafael Esteban, José M. Sánchez-Tapias, Josep Costa, Rosendo Jardí, Miquel Bruguera, Jaime Guardia, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis D virus RNA, the most sensitive markers of hepatitis B and hepatitis D virus replication, were sought by molecular hybridization with radioactive probes in serial serum samples from 29 consecutive patients with HBsAg–positive fulminant hepatitis. Nineteen patients had evidence of hepatitis D virus infection, as assessed by the presence in serum of delta antigen, anti–delta antibodies, or both. Hepatitis B virus DNA was found in only two patients: one was a chronic HBsAg carrier with hepatitis D virus superinfection and the other had fulminant hepatitis caused by hepatitis B and hepatitis D coinfection. Hepatitis D virus RNA was detected in three patients: two with hepatitis B and hepatitis D coinfection and also in the HBsAg carrier with positive hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis D virus superinfection. None of 10 patients with hepatitis B virus infection alone had detectable viral nucleic acids in serum. Overall, viral nucleic acids were detected in the sera of 4 of the 29 patients (14%). Hepatitis D virus antigenemia did not indicate hepatitis D virus replication because hepatitis D virus RNA was not detected in 9 of 12 patients with hepatitis D virus antigen in their sera. The low frequency of viral replication found in fulminant hepatitis B or D may explain the low recurrence rate of viral hepatitis in patients with fulminant hepatitis who have received liver transplantations.(HEPATOLOGY 1990;11:1062–1065.).
Auditing health care policies.
Authors: R Klein
Journal: BMJ (1984)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> <h3>Introduction</h3> Shared decision making is as an essential principle for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention, where asymptomatic people are considering lifelong medication and lifestyle changes. This project aimed to develop and evaluate the first literacy-sensitive CVD prevention decision aid (DA) developed for people with low health literacy, and investigate the impact of literacy-sensitive design and heart age. <h3>Methods</h3> We developed the standard DA based on international standards. The literacy-sensitive version included simple language, supporting images, white space and a lifestyle action plan. A randomised trial included 859 people aged 45-74 using a 3 (DA: standard, literacy-sensitive, control) x 2 (heart age: heart age + percentage risk, percentage risk only) factorial design, with outcomes including prevention intentions/behaviours, gist/verbatim knowledge of risk, credibility, emotional response and decisional conflict. We iteratively improved the literacy-sensitive version based on end user testing interviews with 20 people with varying health literacy levels. <h3>Results</h3> Immediately post-intervention (n=859), there were no differences between the DA groups on any outcome. The heart age group was less likely to have a positive emotional response, perceived the message as less credible, and had higher gist/verbatim knowledge of heart age risk but not percentage risk. After 4 weeks (n=596), the DA groups had better gist knowledge of percentage risk than control. The literacy-sensitive decision aid group had higher fruit consumption, and the standard decision aid group had better verbatim knowledge of percentage risk. Verbatim knowledge was higher for heart age than percentage risk amongst those who received both. <h3>Discussion</h3> The literacy-sensitive DA resulted in increased knowledge and lifestyle change for participants with varying health literacy levels and CVD risk results. Adding heart age did not increase lifestyle change intentions or behaviour but did affect psychological outcomes, consistent with previous findings. <h3>MeSH Terms</h3> Health Literacy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Decision Making (Shared), Life Style, Decision Support Techniques
Pancoast's Syndrome
Authors: L J Balcer, S L Galetta
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Figure 1. A 53-year-old man was evaluated because of a one-month history of anisocoria and left-sided ptosis of 1 mm (Panel A). He had had pain and numbness of the left arm and decreased sweating on the left side of his face for the previous nine months. The anisocoria was most pronounced in darkness. Testing with local application of a 10 percent cocaine solution to both eyes produced dilation only of the contralateral pupil; the miotic pupil failed to dilate. The cocaine test establishes the diagnosis of Horner's syndrome when the pupil on the side of sympathetic interruption fails to . . .
RESULTS OF SCHIÖTZ METHOD IN RIDDING DIPHTHERIA CASES AND CARRIERS OF DIPHTHERIA BACILLI IN THE STATE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL
Authors: Frederick L. Wright
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In the New York State Agricultural and Industrial School there are approximately 740 boys, ranging in age from 6 to 17 years. They are distributed, twenty-five boys to a colony, and sleep in dormitories. Coming in many cases from jails, detention homes, and slums of the cities in the state, the boys are frequently found to be carriers of the Klebs-Löffler bacillus. There have been a large number of cases of this disease in the institution. By the early and bold use of the excellent and unlimited supply of antitoxin furnished us by the New York State Department of Health, I have had no difficulty in treating these cases; but the trouble has concerned their release from quarantine (that is, after two consecutive negative cultures at five-day intervals), as some of the cases remained positive for months. As soon as a case developed in a colony the patient was immediately
Junior doctors will find jobs—as long as they are flexible, says health department
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The Department of Health estimates that around 1500 junior doctors in England who are currently in short term “employment guarantee” contracts will not be able to secure coveted “run-through” training posts.

But they should, the department believes, be able to get some kind of job in the NHS when the second round of the recruitment process concludes at the end of October.

The department estimates that around 2500 short term contracts were awarded to guarantee the employment of junior doctors in the months immediately after the crisis in recruitment caused by the flawed medical application training service (MTAS) system, which was introduced earlier this year ( BMJ 2007;334:1027, doi: …
Narrative Review: Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndromes
Authors: Leonard H. Calabrese, David W. Dodick, Todd J. Schwedt, Aneesh B. Singhal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromes (RCVS) comprise a group of diverse conditions, all characterized by reversible multifocal narrowing of the cerebral arteries heralded by sudden (thunderclap), severe headaches with or without associated neurologic deficits. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromes are clinically important because they affect young persons and can be complicated by ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. The differential diagnosis of RCVS includes conditions associated with thunderclap headache and conditions that cause irreversible or progressive cerebral artery narrowing, such as intracranial atherosclerosis and cerebral vasculitis. Misdiagnosis as primary cerebral vasculitis and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is common because of overlapping clinical and angiographic features. However, unlike these more ominous conditions, RCVS is usually self-limited: Resolution of headaches and vasoconstriction occurs over a period of days to weeks. In this review, we describe our current understanding of RCVS; summarize its key clinical, laboratory, and imaging features; and discuss strategies for diagnostic evaluation and treatment.
Pharmacodynamic measurements of methyl nicotinate percutaneous absorption: the effect of aging on microcirculation
Authors: K.V. ROSKOS, A.J. BIRCHER, H.I. MAIBACH, R.H. GUY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

The penetration of drugs through aged skin is important both in terms of transdermal delivery to elicit systemic pharmacological effects, and for topical treatment. Cutaneous microcirculation efficiency, an integral parameter in the overall process of percutaneous absorption, was studied in young (20–34 years) and old (64–86 years) individuals. Cutaneous erythema as induced by topical administration of methyl nicotinate to the ventral forearm, was monitored non-invasively using laser-Doppler flowmetry. Dose-response behaviour was characterized by five parameters: (i) the time of onset of action; (ii) the time to reach maximum response; (iii) the magnitude of the maximum response; (iv) the area under the response-time curve; and (v) the time to decay to 75% of the maximum response. Additionally, the sensitivity and efficiency of the cutaneous microcirculation in both age groups was evaluated using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. Statistical analysis of all data showed no significant differences between the age groups for the same concentrations. The results indicate that microvessel reactivity to the applied stimulus is comparable in the ventral forearm of both young and old populations.
Liver Necrosis and Bilateral Suprarenal Haemorrhage in the Puerperium
Authors: G. H. Dodds
Journal: BMJ (1945)

HEPATITISMEDICALIUNAL 769 moves to the erythrocytes' when there is a lagging or an artificial decrease caused by oleate or cholic acid.No attempt has been made to repeat this work, and it has not been possible to obtain access to .theoriginal paper; but the need for such a transference would expfain the period of storage necessary for bile salts to cause inhibition in vitro when present in relatively small amounts.Koster does not state whether Bendien found immediate or delayed inhibition from pure cholic acid.No attempt has, been made, to exclude the possibility that
Role of Myocardial Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Contractile Dysfunction and β-Adrenergic Hyporesponsiveness in Rats With Experimental Volume-Overload Heart Failure
Authors: Olga Gealekman, Zaid Abassi, Irit Rubinstein, Joseph Winaver, Ofer Binah
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Whereas nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF), the significance and functional role of different NO synthase (NOS) isoforms in this pathology are controversial. Our aim was to study in the myocardium of rats with volume-overload-induced HF the expression, activity, and localization of endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS) isoforms and the involvement of iNOS in depressed cardiac contractile properties, intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) transients, and beta-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness.HF was induced by aortocaval fistula (ACF). Compensated and decompensated subgroups of HF were selected on the basis of daily sodium excretion. ACF induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats with compensated (36%) and decompensated (76%) HF. Whereas in HF rats, cardiac eNOS expression and activity were unchanged, iNOS expression and activity increased approximately 2-fold. iNOS immunostaining was observed in ventricular myocytes of compensated and decompensated HF rats but not in controls. Isoproterenol-positive inotropic and lusitropic effects were markedly attenuated in papillary muscle of HF rats, more pronouncedly in decompensated than in compensated rats. Isoproterenol-induced increases in the rates of [Ca(2+)](i) activation and relaxation were also depressed in ACF rats. Selective iNOS blockade by N-(3-(aminomethyl)benzylacetamidine improved the attenuated beta-adrenergic responsiveness in HF rats.Our findings indicate that myocardial iNOS is activated in rats with volume-overload HF and suggest that increased iNOS activity contributes to depressed myocardial contractility and beta-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness.
Natural Selection and the Form of the Human Female Breast
Authors: Frank Oski
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Montagu is certainly entitled to his theories, but I would like to question one statement that he makes as apparent fact. In his article (<i>JAMA</i><b>180</b>:826 [June 9] 1962), he states that many women refrain from nursing under the "wholly erroneous impression that suckling a baby will deform the breast." What is the evidence that this impression is "wholly erroneous"? Although I feel as strongly as Dr. Montagu about the virtues of breast feeding, I would appreciate knowing, in other than an anecdotal way, if this problem of cosmetics is genuine or not.
583 Adrenergic mechanisms in the IL-3 and GM-CSF induced synthesis of histidine decarboxylase in hemopoietic progenitor cells
Authors: J HACKNEY, O HEIM, M SCHULTZE, H WAGNER, J ZORITY, R LOCKEY, J KRZANOWSKI, A SZENTIVANYI
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: POOLED ANALYSIS OF THE RAPID MI-ICE AND THE CHILL-MI TRIALS
Authors: David Erlinge, Matthias Gtberg, Irene Lang, Michael Holzer, Marko Noc, Peter Clemmensen, Ulf Jensen, Metzler Bernhard, Stefan James, Hans Botker, Elmir Omerovic, Henrik Engblom, Marcus Carlsson, Marcus Carlsson, Hkan Arheden, Lars Wallentin, Jan Harnek, Goran Olivecrona
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
(20) Reticular erythematous mucinosis (R.E.M. syndrome)
Authors: R.E. Church
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 115, Issue s30 p. 65-65 (20) Reticular erythematous mucinosis (R.E.M. syndrome) Dr R.E. Church, Dr R.E. ChurchSearch for more papers by this author Dr R.E. Church, Dr R.E. ChurchSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb07715.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume115, Issues30July 1986Pages 65-65 RelatedInformation
Tumour necrosis factor in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients in blood serum and synovial fluid
Authors: I. Bulina, D. Andersone, A. Sochnev, V. Lavrentjevs, J. Arajs, I. Astica, E. Sikora, J. Zepa, I. Jaunalksne, L. Kovalchuk
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown cause which affects the ability of elderly people to work. There is strong evidence to suggest that inflammatory mediators such as tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1 (IL1) have a critical role in the pathogenesis of RA. Biological treatment blocks pathological pathways in the actions of these proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was …
WOOD ALCOHOL POISONING
Authors: A. O. GETTLER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

cent, of mercury), and because there is but little absorption through the lungs.We believe that the safest method of introducing large amounts of mercury into the system is by inunc¬ tion.CONCLUSIONS 1. Animal experiments demonstrate that the chief avenue of absorption of mercury, when applied by inunction, is the skin.2. Rabbits may be fatally poisoned with mercury by inunction, even when no opportunity of absorption through the lungs exists.3. Rabbits breathing a mercury-laden atmosphere may absorb considerable quantities of mercury through the lungs, but, as a result of our experiments, we believe the respiratory absorption to be far less impor¬ tant than the cutaneous absorption.4. Metallic mercury in the form of the official mer¬ curial ointment is more volatile and is much more apt to be absorbed by the lungs, than calomel ointments of equal strength.5. Calomel ointments are fully as well absorbed through the skin as the ordinary blue ointment ; indeed, we have the impression that calomel is absorbed with greater facility.6.There appears to be no reason why calomel inunctions should not supplant the unclean blue oint¬ ment rubbings which have been so long in use.
Aurora Sheds Light on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Haiyong Han, Daniel D. Von Hoff
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

The retrospective study by Reiter et al. in this issue of Clinical Cancer Research ([1][1]) provides further support to the growing body of evidence that Aurora A kinase is an important player in cancer. It also identifies a potential new prognostic marker and drug target for head and neck squamous