tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of hepatitis C in hemophiliacs
Authors: Massimo Franchini, Nicoletta Nicolini, Franco Capra
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hemophiliacs who received nonvirucidally treated large‐pool clotting factor concentrates before 1986. In fact, although many hemophiliacs infected with HCV have a slow progression of liver disease, in a minority of them hepatitis evolves toward end‐stage liver disease and hepatocarcinoma. Moreover, a significant percentage of HCV‐infected hemophiliacs were also coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which can accelerate the progression of liver disease. Thus, the aim of anti‐HCV therapy is to interrupt the chronic infection in order to prevent the progression of hepatitis to cirrhosis, liver decompensation, cancer and, ultimately, death. In this review we present the literature data on anti‐HCV treatment in hemophiliacs. Combination therapy with interferon (IFN) and ribavirin has improved the poor results obtained with IFN monotherapy and has become the standard treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Given the positive results obtained with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in nonhemophiliacs, ongoing trials are evaluating this promising therapy in HCV‐chronically infected hemophilic patients; preliminary results show a sustained response rate similar to that in patients without coagulopathy. Finally, based on the encouraging results in coinfected nonhemophiliacs, anti‐HCV treatment should also be considered for those HIV‐positive hemophiliacs in whom anti‐retroviral treatment has stabilized the HIV infection. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Toward an integrative framework of grandparental investment
Authors: David A. Coall, Ralph Hertwig
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract This response outlines more reasons why we need the integrative framework of grandparental investments and intergenerational transfers that we advocated in the target article. We discusses obstacles – from misconceptions to poor measures – that stand in the way of such a framework and of a better understanding of the effects of grandparenting in the developed world. We highlight new research directions that have emerged from the commentaries, and we end by discussing some of the things in our target article about which we may have been wrong.
Apolipoprotein E and Neurocognitive Function
Authors: C. Munro Cullum, Myron F. Weiner
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Trypsin and Amylopsin in Malignant Growths.
Authors: John Beard
Journal: JAMA (1906)

8Barnton Terrace, Edinburgh, Scotland, July 16, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> — An article on "Trypsin in Malignant Growths," by Dr. W. A. Pusey, Chicago, appears in No. 23, vol. xlvi, June 9, page 1763, ofThe Journalof the American Medical Association. I should like to say a few words about this matter. The treatment has really only been in use for about six months, and naturally it is still in the experimental phase of its existence. The results recorded by the author can hardly be termed good by any stretch of the imagination, and did I not know of better ones I, as the scientific originator of this treatment, might well despair of it. But in science I do not know the meaning of the word despair. My lips are closed regarding results, but shortly they will be forthcoming, and the unfavorable cases will<i>not</i>be in proportion
One-pass resurfacing with a combined-mode erbium: YAG/CO2 laser system: a study in 102 patients
Authors: M.A. Trelles, I. Allones, R. Luna
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article One‐pass resurfacing with a combined‐mode erbium: YAG/CO2 laser system: a study in 102 patients Get access M.A. Trelles, M.A. Trelles Instituto Médico Vilafortuny/Antoni de Gimbernat Foundation, Av. Vilafortuny 31, E‐43850 Cambrils, Spain Mario A.Trelles. E‐mail: imv@tinet.fut.es. The authors hereby affirm that they have no interest, financial or otherwise, to disclose regarding the manufacturers of the systems used in this study. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Allones, I. Allones Instituto Médico Vilafortuny/Antoni de Gimbernat Foundation, Av. Vilafortuny 31, E‐43850 Cambrils, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Luna R. Luna Instituto Médico Vilafortuny/Antoni de Gimbernat Foundation, Av. Vilafortuny 31, E‐43850 Cambrils, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 3, 1 March 2002, Pages 473–480, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04643.x Published: 01 March 2002 Article history Accepted: 21 October 2001 Published: 01 March 2002
Comparing MMPI Statements and Mental Status Items
Authors: DONALD W. MORGAN, WILLIAM D. WEITZEL, THOMAS E. GUYDEN, JAMES A. ROBINSON, JAMES L. HEDLUND
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

In a direct comparison of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) responses and mental status interview content, MMPI statements were judged to overlap only 40 percent of standard mental status items, with a range of agreement from three to 87 percent when the same 100 psychiatric patients were evaluated with both procedures. Differences in content emphasis between the two procedures are discussed. Although the MMPI and the standard mental status examination complement each other, the authors discourage attempts to substitute one for the other.
Locker Room Language in Editorials
Authors: S. K. ASOKAN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

EDITORportion of QKd -this being the isovolumic contrac- tion time (ICT) in hyperthyroidism.There is a sub- stantial body of experimental evidence cited both in our paper (ref.9) and in recent reviews that externally measured ICT and PEP reflect myocardial contractility.3As multichannel recorders are generally available, carotid pulse tracings readily recordable, and heart rate corrections easily made by computer or graph, we do not feel that the comparative alleged simplicity of QKd recordings outweighs the specificity of systolic time intervals (STI) in measuring the heart's response to hyperthyroidism.Accordingly, we would still conclude STI are "a unique noninvasive measurement" of cardiac responsiveness to thyroid function.
The Renal-Allograft Bruit as an Indicator of Good Function
Authors: William E. Braun
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

AUSCULTATION of the area over the arterial anastomotic site of a renal allograft, constructed typically by an end-to-end anastomosis of the recipient hypogastric artery to the donor renal artery, may reveal a systolic bruit in certain cases. The frequency of such a bruit and its implications have been evaluated in a prospective study of renal-allograft recipients. In the present study the finding of such a bruit in the absence of anemia, hypertension and a transmitted aortic bruit could usually be equated with excellent renal-allograft function. Disappearance of the bruit most often coincides with deterioration of renal function. Obesity and hyperactive . . .
Intracerebral Hemorrhage Associated With Brain Abscess
Authors: Michael Abbott
Journal: JAMA (1969)

An accurate diagnosis of the source of cerebral symptoms is necessary before instituting anticoagulation therapy for presumed cerebrovascular disease. In two cases the misidentification of the symptoms of brain abscesses as those of cerebrovascular disease led to the administration of anticoagulants and resulted in secondary, fatal intracerebral hemorrhage. It is necessary to differentiate factors involved in diagnosis and to be aware of the risks of anticoagulation therapy as well as the difficulty in clinical evaluation of a persistent bleeding diathesis (following such therapy).
Effects of a Novel Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitor for Treatment of Primary Hypertension
Authors: David A. Calhoun, William B. White, Henry Krum, Weinong Guo, Georgina Bermann, Angelo Trapani, Martin P. Lefkowitz, Joël Ménard
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— LCI699, a novel inhibitor of aldosterone synthase, reduces serum aldosterone, and may have benefit in the treatment of hypertension. Methods and Results— We performed the first double-blind, randomized trial with LCI699 in patients with primary hypertension. We randomized 524 patients to LCI699 0.25 mg once daily (n=92), 0.5 mg once daily (n=88), 1.0 mg once daily (n=86), and 0.5 mg twice daily (n=97); eplerenone 50 mg twice daily (n=84); or placebo (n=77) for 8 weeks. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (250 μg IV) stimulation testing was performed in a subset of patients to quantify the selectivity of LCI699 for aldosterone synthase compared with 11-β-hydroxylase. Reductions in clinic diastolic blood pressure were significant for LCI699 1.0 mg (−7.1 mm Hg; P =0.0012) and eplerenone 50 mg twice daily (−7.9 mm Hg; P &lt;0.0001) compared with placebo (−2.6 mm Hg) but not other doses of LCI699. Significant reductions in clinic systolic blood pressure were observed with all doses of LCI699 ( P &lt;0.005 or better) and eplerenone ( P &lt;0.0001). All doses of LCI699 significantly reduced 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure compared with placebo ( P &lt;0.01). Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation of cortisol was suppressed in ≈20% of subjects receiving LCI699 at a total daily dose of 1.0 mg. Safety and tolerability were similar among LCI699, placebo, and eplerenone. Conclusions— Aldosterone synthase inhibition with LCI699 significantly lowered clinic and ambulatory blood pressure. A minority of subjects developed blunted adrenocorticotropic hormone–stimulated release of cortisol. These results support additional research to evaluate use of aldosterone synthase inhibition in primary hypertension and/or patients characterized by aldosterone excess. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00758524.
Mortality control charts: Assessment of outcome is complex
Authors: F. A Frizelle
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Tekkis et al's analysis of two databases for comparing performance of surgical units seems to be an improvement on existing models of risk stratification especially with the recently published annual assessments by the Dr Foster group.1

Case mix influences outcome of surgery. Surgeons who specialise in colorectal surgery, undertake a disproportionate number of …
Myasthenia Gravis, Thymoma and Cryptococcal Meningitis
Authors: Lewis P. Rowland, Cadvan O. Griffiths, Elvin A. Kabat
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

DURING the past few years two lines of investigation have suggested that immunologic abnormalities may be present in patients with myasthenia gravis.Work in several laboratories indicates that the thymus controls the production of immunologically competent cells in the newborn period, either directly or by a humoral process1 2 3 4 5; thymectomy in neonatal animals may result in a variety of immunologic deficiencies.1 , 2 The thymus may also continue to function in adult animals.1 , 6 7 8 These studies are relevant to theories of the pathogenesis of myasthenia, because thymomas and other histologic abnormalities of the thymus are present in more than half the myasthenic patients. . . .
Suppression of somatostatin release by duodenogastric reflux in dogs.
Authors: W E Thomas, J Ardill, K D Buchanan
Journal: Gut (1984)

The effect of duodenogastric reflux on systemic and portal venous blood concentrations of somatostatin has been studied in the dog. Duodenogastric reflux suppressed somatostatin concentrations in both systemic and portal venous blood, but this did not occur when bile alone was diverted into the stomach. The suppression was also much less marked when truncal vagotomy accompanied the reflux. These findings suggest that altered somatostatin activity may play a part in the production of the pathophysiological changes occurring in clinical conditions such as peptic ulceration, in which there is an increase in duodenogastric reflux.
Abstract P3-08-10: Feasibility and promise of a self-directed walking program to reduce joint pain among older breast cancer patients on adjuvant aromatase inhibitors
Authors: KA Nyrop, HB Muss, B Hackney, R Cleveland, LF Callahan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Most breast cancer cases diagnosed among postmenopausal women are hormone receptor positive (HR+); standard adjuvant endocrine treatment usually includes an aromatase inhibitor (AI). Joint pain/stiffness/achiness (arthralgia) is a common AI side-effect, and AI discontinuation due to this side-effect is an estimated 20-32%. There is a need for effective alternative or adjunctive approaches to arthralgia management that enable survivors to remain on AI therapy while optimizing as pain-free a life as possible. This pilot study investigates the feasibility of a highly scalable 6-week self-directed physical activity (PA) program – Walk With Ease (WWE) – among elderly female breast cancer survivors on AIs who report joint pain. WWE goal: minimum of 30 minutes of walking 5 days a week (150 minutes/week). Methods: Recruitment: BC survivors age 65+ were recruited through the oncology clinic of a university-affiliated hospital. Eligibility: age 65+; Stage I-III breast cancer; currently on AI therapy; self-reported joint pain/stiffness; physician permission to engage in PA; English speaking. Measures: (1) walking – number of days per week and number of minutes per walk, (2) visual analog scales (VAS) for joint pain, fatigue and stiffness, and (3) arthritis self-efficacy (ASE) to manage joint pain and fatigue. Statistics: t-test evaluation of changes in mean values. Results: Sample (N = 20) – mean age 71 (65-87), 85% Caucasian, 35% &amp;lt; high school, mean BMI 29. 63% chemotherapy, 61% radiation therapy. 90% completed the 6-week intervention. Compared to baseline, total minutes of walking per week increased from 95 (0-450) to 172 (45-700) (p&amp;lt;.001) and mean joint pain decreased 10% (p = 0.63), fatigue decreased 19% (p = 0.31), and joint stiffness decreased 32% (p = 0.07). Post-intervention, 71% of participants were “fairly” or “extremely” confident they would continue walking; 100% would recommend WWE to other breast cancer survivors experiencing joint pain or stiffness; 100% thought they had learned how joint pain or stiffness could be lessened by physical activity, and how to safely engage in moderate-intensity physical activity; 90% thought WWE had motivated them to become more physically active, and how to overcome physical and mental barriers to walking; and 90% were fairly to extremely confident they would continue walking. Conclusions: A moderate-intensity self-directed walking program is feasible for older breast cancer patients on AI therapy and almost doubled the total time of walking per week over a 6 week period. Joint pain, stiffness, and fatigue decreased, and the walking program was perceived as informative and motivational. These data are promising and the WWE intervention warrants testing in a larger randomized trial of breast cancer survivors on AI therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-08-10.
Temporal Variation in Heat–Mortality Associations: A Multicountry Study
Authors: Antonio Gasparrini, Yuming Guo, Masahiro Hashizume, Patrick L. Kinney, Elisaveta P. Petkova, Eric Lavigne, Antonella Zanobetti, Joel D. Schwartz, Aurelio Tobias, Michela Leone, Shilu Tong, Yasushi Honda, Ho Kim, Ben G. Armstrong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

BackgroundRecent investigations have reported a decline in the heat-related mortality risk during the last decades. However, these studies are frequently based on modeling approaches that do not fully characterize the complex temperature–mortality relationship, and are limited to single cities or countries.ObjectivesWe assessed the temporal variation in heat–mortality associations in a multi-country data set using flexible modelling techniques.MethodsWe collected data for 272 locations in Australia, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States, with a total 20,203,690 deaths occurring in summer months between 1985 and 2012. The analysis was based on two-stage time-series models. The temporal variation in heat–mortality relationships was estimated in each location with time-varying distributed lag nonlinear models, expressed through an interaction between the transformed temperature variables and time. The estimates were pooled by country through multivariate meta-analysis.ResultsMortality risk due to heat appeared to decrease over time in several countries, with relative risks associated to high temperatures significantly lower in 2006 compared with 1993 in the United States, Japan, and Spain, and a nonsignificant decrease in Canada. Temporal changes are difficult to assess in Australia and South Korea due to low statistical power, and we found little evidence of variation in the United Kingdom. In the United States, the risk seems to be completely abated in 2006 for summer temperatures below their 99th percentile, but some significant excess persists for higher temperatures in all the countries.ConclusionsWe estimated a statistically significant decrease in the relative risk for heat-related mortality in 2006 compared with 1993 in the majority of countries included in the analysis.CitationGasparrini A, Guo Y, Hashizume M, Kinney PL, Petkova EP, Lavigne E, Zanobetti A, Schwartz JD, Tobias A, Leone M, Tong S, Honda Y, Kim H, Armstrong BG. 2015. Temporal variation in heat–mortality associations: a multicountry study. Environ Health Perspect 123:1200–1207; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409070
Current therapy for Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 1: Report of a world registry
Authors: C N van der Veere, M Sinaasappel, A F McDonagh, P Rosenthal, P Labrune, M Odiévre, J Fevery, J Otte, P McClean, G Bürk, V Masakowski, W Sperl, A P Mowat, G M Vergani, K Heller, J P Wilson, R Shepherd, P L Jansen
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

This study represents a multicenter survey on the management of patients with Crigler–Najjar syndrome (CNS) type 1. The aim of the survey was to find guiding principles for physicians in the care of these patients. Fifty–seven patients were included. At the time of inclusion, 21 patients had received a liver transplant (37%). The average age at transplantation was 9.1 ± 6.9 years (range, 1-23 years); the age of the patients who had not been transplanted at the time of inclusion was 6.9 ± 6.0 years (range, 0-23 years). Brain damage had developed in 15 patients (26%). Five patients died, and 10 are alive with some degree of mental or physical handicap. In 2 patients, ages 22 and 23 years, early signs of bilirubin encephalopathy could be reversed, in 1 by prompt medical intervention followed by liver transplantation and in the other by prompt liver transplantation. Seven patients underwent transplantation with some degree of brain damage at the time of the surgery; 1 of these died after retransplantation, 2 improved neurologically, and 4 remained neurologically impaired. The age of 8 patients with and 13 without brain damage at or before transplantation was 14.3 ± 5.9 and 5.9 ± 5.4 years ( P &lt; .01), respectively. Therapy of CNS type 1 consists of phototherapy (12 h/d), followed by liver transplantation. Phototherapy, although initially very effective, is socially inconvenient and becomes less efficient in the older age group, thus also decreasing compliance. Currently, liver transplantation is the only effective therapy. This survey shows that, in a significant number of patients, liver transplantation is performed after some form of brain damage has already occurred. From this, one must conclude that liver transplantation should be performed at a young age, particularly in situations in which reliable administration of phototherapy cannot be guaranteed.
Abstract P4-04-05: <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>-based bivalent <i>Lm</i>-LLO immunotherapy for the treatment of HER2/neu positive and triple negative breast cancer and its impact on immunosuppression
Authors: A Wallecha, K Ramos, I Malinina, R Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Overexpression of tumor associated antigens (TAA) such as HER2/neu and high molecular weight melanoma associated antigen (HMW-MAA) are associated with aggressive high-grade tumors leading to disease progression and reduced survival. HMW-MAA has been reported as a TAA in triple negative breast tumors and is also expressed at high levels by activated pericytes and pericytes in tumor angiogenic vasculature that are associated with neovascularization in vivo. Previously published reports have shown that bioengineered Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) secreting either a chimeric HER2/neu antigen (cHER2), or HMW-MAA fragment, fused to a truncated highly immunogenic fragment of the adjuvant protein listeriolysin O (LLO) were found to impact the growth of both transplantable and transgenic mouse breast tumor models. Therefore, we hypothesized that an Lm-LLO immunotherapy capable of delivering two different antigens would likely have a synergistic effect of decreasing tumor growth by targeting two independent mechanisms that support tumor growth; 1) tumor angiogenesis, and 2) tumor cell surface marker, thus improving the therapeutic efficacy of the agent. Here we report the construction of a bivalent recombinant Lm-LLO immunotherapy that expresses and secretes both the cHER2 and HMW-MAA antigens concomitantly as fusion proteins. Initial characterization of the bivalent immunotherapy indicates that both the antigens cHER2 and HMW-MAA are stably expressed and secreted after two in vivo mouse passages. Preliminary studies support the hypothesis that bivalent immunotherapy causes efficient reduction of tumor growth in both HER2 expressing and triple negative breast tumors. Further, mechanistic studies demonstrate that treatment with Lm-LLO immunotherapy resulted in a decreased proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC) particularly in the tumor microenvironment and not in spleen, tumor draining lymph nodes, or peripheral blood. Interestingly, both residual Tregs and MDSCs isolated from the tumor microenvironment were found to have a decreased ability to suppress the division of T cells after Lm-LLO immunotherapy, a finding which warrants further investigation. We will present data on the efficacy of bivalent Lm-LLO immunotherapy and the mechanisms that are likely responsible for the observed tumor regression. Currently Lm-LLO immunotherapies are being evaluated in Phase 2 clinical trials for HPV-associated dysplasia and malignancies such as CIN2/3, cervix cancer and head &amp; neck cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-05.