tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary Varicella Pneumonia
Authors: Saul Krugman, Charles H. Goodrich, Robert Ward
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

PRIMARY varicella pneumonia is a clinical entity that has been described as a rare and severe disease in adults.1 2 3 Since the first report in 1942 by Waring and his associates,1 approximately 50 cases have been referred to in the literature. In the pediatric age group pneumonia has been reported as an autopsy finding in infants with varicella neonatorum4 and congenital chicken pox.5 The purpose of this report is twofold: to describe our experience, which will indicate that varicella pneumonia is not rare in adults; and to review the clinical manifestations of this frequently severe and potentially fatal manifestation of chicken . . .
Consultant--By any Other Name
Authors: H. M. Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MDICcALJOURNAL acetate appears to be the only available oral contraceptive which does not produce rises in blood clotting factors and increased plate- let aggregation.'2Abnormal levels of clotting factors and platelet aggregation arising from the taking of combined pre- parations do in fact return to normal when chlormadinone acetate is substituted.The harmful element in all the other oral contraceptives appears to be oestrogen, and we found no difference in clotting response between the high and low dose oestrogen combinations.Inman and Vessey4 showed a mortality of 3-4 women in the 35 to 44 year and 1-3 per 100,000 in the 20 to 34 year age groups resulted from conventional oestrogen- progestogen contraception.To this must be added the much greater numbers of non-fatal thromboembolisms.Though chlormadinone acetate in some respects may not be ideal, it does appear to represent a considerable advance.The cor- rect procedure, surely, for the manufacturers should have been to report the experimental findings to the Committee on Safety of Drugs.Doctors could then have been made aware of a possible hazard and the ultimate decision on the advisability of withdrawal could then have been left in the hands of Professor Scowen's committee.By wishing to be seen to do "the right thing" the manufacturers may, from the clinical standpoint, be making a tragic mistake, as it must of necessity be a considerable time before other progestogen pre- parations are developed for clinical use.-I
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RENAL DEFICIENCY
Authors: FREDERICK M. ALLEN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

When any clinical disease can be satisfactorily reproduced in experimental animals, the basis is laid for its better understanding and control. For this reason the effort has been made on a comprehensive plan in this institute to produce a condition that has heretofore been lacking; namely, the reproduction of clinical kidney diseases. This investigation is still in progress. The preferred course would be to wait some years longer until the evidence is completely gathered, and then to present the results in finished form. The problem of finance is the real reason why such investigations cannot be carried out ideally. It is possible only to add to the series of previous brief reports, summarizing our tentative findings and conclusions to date. As experimental animals, dogs, sheep and goats have been used, each species presenting some special peculiarity or advantage, and all being large enough to permit the necessary physiologic and chemical
Patients' assessment of out of hours care in general practice
Authors: M. J Bollam, M. McCarthy, M. Modell
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A sample of 177 patients drawn from 13 north London practices were interviewed shortly after they had sought help from their practice outside normal surgery hours. Patients were asked to describe the process and outcome of their out of hours call, to comment on specific aspects of the consultation, and to access their overall satisfaction with the encounter. Parents seeking consultations for children were least satisfied with the consultation; those aged over 60 responded most positively. Visits from general practitioners were more acceptable than visits from deputising doctors for patients aged under 60, but for patients aged over 60 visits from general practitioners and deputising doctors were equally acceptable. Monitoring of patients9 views of out of hours consultations is feasible, and the findings of this study suggest that practices should regularly review the organisation of their out of hours care and discuss strategies for minimising conflict in out of hours calls—particularly those concerning children.
Interaction of Ca2+ and protein phosphorylation in the rabbit platelet release reaction.
Authors: R M Lyons, J O Shaw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Ca2+ flux and protein phosphorylation have been implicated as playing an important role in the induction of the platelet release reaction. However, the interactions between Ca2+, protein phosphorylation, and the release reaction have been difficult to study because secretion in human platelets is independent of extracellular Ca2+. Thus, we studied rabbit platelets, which, unlike human platelets, require extracellular Ca2+ for serotonin release to occur. Thrombin, basophil platelet-activating factor (PAF), or ionophore A23187 treatment of intact 32PO43--loaded rabbit platelets resulted in a 200-400% increase in phosphorylation of P7P and P9P, respectively. These peptides were similar in all respects to the peptides phosphorylated in thrombin-treated human platelets. When Ca2+ was replaced in the medium by EGTA, (a) thrombin- and PAF-induced rabbit platelet [3H]serotonin release was inhibited by 60-75%, whereas ionophore-induced release was blocked completely; (b) thrombin-, PAF-, or ionophore-induced P9P phosphorylation was inhibited by 60%; and (c) ionophore-induced P7P phosphorylation was decreased by 60%, whereas that caused by thrombin or PAF was decreased by only 20%. At 0.25-0.5 U/ml of thrombin, phosphorylation preceded [3H]serotonin release with the time for half-maximal release being 26.0 +/- 1.3 s SE (n = 3) and the time for half-maximal phosphorylation being 12.3 +/- 1.3 s SE (n = 3) for P7P and 3.7 +/- 0.17 s SE (n = 3) for P9P. P9P phosphorylation was significantly inhibited (P less than 0.015) by removal by Ca2+ from the medium at a time point before any thrombin- or ionophore-induced serotonin release was detectable. Thus, our data suggest that Ca2+ flux precedes the onset of serotonin secretion and that the rabbit platelet is an appropriate model in which to study the effects of Ca2+ on protein phosphorylation during the platelet release reaction.
Specialist Registration and the Common Market
Authors: B. R. Julien
Journal: BMJ (1971)

stabilized beforehand, because it seems to us to be more desirable clinically to estab- lish the correct anticonvulsant treatment rather than add another therapeutic agent to an already complicated regime in order to achieve the same result.Though only one specimen of blood was taken for estimation of serum folic acid, the estimations were routinely carried out in pairs in order to eliminate experimental error.We do however agree with the increasing evidence that estimation of red cell folate is a more reliable test of folate deficiency; unfortunately, this test could not be carried out as a routine at the onset of the trial.Finally, we certainly agree with Dr.Richens that case reports such as that of Chanarin et al.2 cannot be dismissed and that further work is required.Our con- clusions, we pointed out, are based on obser- vations of people whose epilepsy and related problems are of such severity to require residential treatment for varying periods of time.It seems important to carry out a prospective trial in new cases of epilepsy to determine whether folic acid administration will prevent some of the mental deterioration due to anticonvulsants.-Weare, etc.,
A 60-Year-Old Woman Considering Acupuncture for Knee Pain
Authors: Brian Berman
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Mrs A, an active 60-year-old woman, has a history of degenerative osteoarthritis of her knee with pain that has progressed over the past 8 years. She has undergone arthroscopic surgery for a meniscal tear and has taken nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucosamine, and chondroitin sulfate occasionally, but generally does not like taking medications. She is open to other therapeutic approaches and wants to know if acupuncture can help the pain, improve function, and stop her condition from progressing. The evidence for the effectiveness of acupuncture for knee pain and other common treatments, including exercise, NSAIDs, glucosamine and chondroitin, and intra-articular knee injections are compared, and costs and methods of acupuncture and selecting an acupuncturist are discussed.
The burden of liver disease in Europe: A review of available epidemiological data
Authors: Martin Blachier, Henri Leleu, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, Dominique-Charles Valla, Françoise Roudot-Thoraval
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)

To survey the burden of liver disease in Europe and its causes 260 epidemiological studies published in the last five years were reviewed.The incidence and prevalence of cirrhosis and primary liver cancer are key to understand the burden of liver disease. They represent the end-stage of liver pathology and thus are indicative of the associated mortality. About 0.1% of Hungarian males will die of cirrhosis every year compared with 0.001% of Greek females. WHO estimate that liver cancer is responsible for around 47,000 deaths per year in the EU.Harmful alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis B and C and metabolic syndromes related to overweight and obesity are the leading causes of cirrhosis and primary liver cancer in Europe.Chronic hepatitis B affects 0.5–0.7% of the European population. In the last decade the prevalence of chronic hepatitis C was 0.13–3.26%. It is of great concern that about 90% of people in Europe infected by viral hepatitis are unaware of their status. Available data suggest the prevalence rate of NAFLD is 2–44% in the general European population (including obese children) and 42.6–69.5% in people with type 2 diabetes.Each of these four major causes of liver disease is amenable to prevention and treatment, reducing the burden of liver disease in Europe and saving lives. Further surveys are urgently needed to implement cost-effective prevention programmes and novel treatments to tackle this problem.
Correction: Legionellosis Attack Rate in Iowa
Authors: Charles M. Helms, Albert C. England, David W. Fraser, Brian D. Plikaytis, Theodore F. Tsai, Gregory Storch, Claire V. Broome
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1981Correction: Legionellosis Attack Rate in IowaCHARLES M. HELMS, M.D., PH.D., ALBERT C. ENGLAND III, M.D., DAVID W. FRASER, M.D., BRIAN D. PLIKAYTIS, M.SC, THEODORE F. TSAI, M.D., GREGORY STORCH, M.D., CLAIRE V. BROOME, M.D.CHARLES M. HELMS, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this author, ALBERT C. ENGLAND III, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID W. FRASER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, BRIAN D. PLIKAYTIS, M.SCSearch for more papers by this author, THEODORE F. TSAI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, GREGORY STORCH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CLAIRE V. BROOME, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-1-125_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We wish to call to your attention an apparent error in Figure 3 of the article "Sporadic Legionellosis in the United States: The First Thousand Cases" by England and colleagues (1) in the February 1981 issue. According to the figure, the state of Iowa reported 31 cases of sporadic legionellosis in 1978, and an attack rate of less than one case per million population was calculated. Using an estimated population for the 1975 Iowa population of 2 879 235 (IOWA DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION. 1978 Statistical Profile of Iowa, Jewett Building, Des Moines, Iowa), the attack rate is 10.8...Reference1. ENGLAND A, FRASER D, PLIKAYTIS B, TSAI T, STORCH G, and BROOME C. Sporadic legionellosis in the United States: the first thousand cases. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:164-70. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CHARLES M. HELMS, M.D., PH.D.; ALBERT C. ENGLANDIII, M.D.; DAVID W. FRASER, M.D.; BRIAN D. PLIKAYTIS, M.SC; THEODORE F. TSAI, M.D.; GREGORY STORCH, M.D.; CLAIRE V. BROOME, M.D.Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control Atlanta, GA 30333 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1981Volume 95, Issue 1 Page: 125-125 Keywords Legionellosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Teratological research using in vitro systems. I. Mammalian whole embryo culture.
Authors: T J Flynn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Approximately 390 literature references (through spring 1986) were reviewed for mammalian whole embryo culture procedures, with particular attention to the development of those cultures as systems for teratogenicity testing. The existing procedures could be conveniently divided into three groups, which are defined by the periods of embryogenesis that they embrace: preimplantation, peri-implantation, and post-implantation culture systems. The literature on peri-implantation embryo culture was sparse, and it did not appear that this procedure is being actively developed as a teratogen screening test. The extensive literature on both preimplantation and postimplantation embryo culture suggested considerable use of these two methods in evaluating embryotoxicants. The following discussion was compiled from information gleaned from all references. However, in the interest of brevity, only representative articles are specifically cited. Because the background and methodology for each system are distinct, each system will be discussed separately.
1015-75 Detection of Aortic Plaques is not Predictive of Coronary Artery Disease In the Elderly: A Biplane Transesophageal Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Yoshihisa Matsumura, Toshikazu Yabe, Hiroaki Kitaoka, Takashi Furuno, Fumiyasu Yamasaki, Jun Takata, Taishiro Chikamori, Yoshinori Doi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Comparison of FDG PET/CT and Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI for the Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Jian Duo, Xiuxin Han, Li Zhang, Guowen Wang, Yulin Ma, Yun Yang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

At present, the differences in the efficacy between PET/CT and MRI for the detection of bone metastases in patients with cancer have not been clearly delineated. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the performance of FDG PET/CT with that of gadolinium-enhanced MRI for the detection of bone metastases in patients with cancer.Studies about PET/CT and MRI for the detection of bone metastases were systematically searched in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and EBM Review databases. We calculated sensitivities, specificities, diagnostic odds ratios, positive likelihood ratios, negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic curves using bivariate regression models for PET/CT and MRI, respectively.Across 9 studies (1116 patients), FDG PET/CT has similar patient-based sensitivity (0.803 vs 0.837), specificity (0.989 vs 0.977), diagnostic odds ratio (309.0 vs 221.9), positive likelihood ratio (61.7 vs 37.0), and negative likelihood ratio (0.200 vs 0.167) with gadolinium-enhanced MRI. Areas under the curve with 95% confidence interval for FDG PET/CT and gadolinium-enhanced MRI were 0.99 (0.98-0.99) and 0.98 (0.97-0.99), respectively.FDG PET/CT and gadolinium-enhanced MRI have excellent diagnostic performance for the detection of bone metastases in patients with cancer.
Markedly raised synovial fluid leucocyte counts not associated with infectious arthritis in children.
Authors: A R Baldassare, F Chang, J Zuckner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Synovial fluid leucocyte counts greater than 50 000 cells/mm3 (50 X 10(9)/1) are usually associated with infectious arthritis. Six children, 3 of whom meet the criteria for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), are described with synovial fluid white blood cell counts greater than 88 000 cells/mm3 (88 X 10(9)/1). Two had synovial fluid leucocyte counts greater than 100 000 cells/mm3 (100 X 10(9)/1). The diagnosis of infectious arthritis was unlikely in these 6 children since the synovial fluid smears and cultures for infectious agents were negative and their histories atypical for infection. While in most instances such markedly raised synovial fluid leucocyte counts indicate infection, this finding is not diagnostic of septic arthritis.
Suitability for Psychotherapy: Transference and Formal Operations
Authors: Harley C. Shands
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1978)

Research Articles| February 16 2010 Suitability for Psychotherapy: Transference and Formal Operations Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Harley C. Shands Harley C. Shands New York Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1978) 29 (1-4): 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1159/000287098 Article history Published Online: February 16 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Harley C. Shands; Suitability for Psychotherapy: Transference and Formal Operations. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1978; 29 (1-4): 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1159/000287098 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal 1978Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Letter by Hamilton-Craig et al Regarding Article, “Posttraumatic Cardiac Contrecoup: In Vivo Evidence by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging”
Authors: Christian Hamilton-Craig, Jamie Layland, David Platts, Mark Hansen, Richard Slaughter, John Fraser
Journal: Circulation (2009)

To the Editor:We propose an alternative explanation to the findings reported by Moccetti et al. 1 First, numerous biomechanical explanations of contrecoup injury have been proposed, such as the positive pressure, negative pressure, rotational shear stress, and angular acceleration theories. 2,3These theories relate to transmission of the deceleration force to a soft organ from the surrounding hard structures (eg, brain-skull, lung-ribs).The injury described by Moccetti et al involves abnormal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings in the posterolateral portion of the myocardium, which is a compliant structure with no constraining structures to enable contrecoup injury.In the absence of coexisting pectus excavatum, flail chest, or pulmonary contusion, it is difficult to invoke the mechanism of contrecoup injury to an area of myocardium with the adjacent structures remaining intact.Second, the cardiac magnetic resonance imaging features of high signal on T2-weighted black blood imaging with midwall late gadolinium enhancement would be consistent with the typical changes seen in acute myocarditis. 4,5Traumatic contrecoup injury is unlikely to be localized only to the midwall of the myocardium.It is more likely to result in the typical patterns of blunt cardiac trauma, such as ventricular, arterial, or valvular rupture. 6,7t is plausible, therefore, that the patient may have had acute myocarditis as the primary disorder, with a resultant ventricular cardiac dysrhythmia causing the motorcycle accident.In our clinical experience of Ͼ80 cases of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging/ biopsy-proven myocarditis and normal coronary angiography, a subset of patients do present with life-threatening arrhythmias, including sudden cardiac death, in the absence of a viral prodrome or antecedent clinical symptoms. 8This cohort of patients all had a positive serum Troponin, normal left-ventricular wall motion on cine-magnetic resonance imaging, and midwall or subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement in the posterolateral segments.Hence, we believe there was no contra to this coup.
Dear Mr Dobson ...
Authors: I. Kennedy, G. Levvy, S. Macara, R. Maxwell, A. Maynard, R. Smith, R. Zimmern
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Delegates attending a conference in London last week entitled Rationing in the NHS: Time to Get Real called on the British government to face up to its responsibilities. In an open debate the multidisciplinary assembly of 250 doctors, patients, and healthcare managers voted overwhelmingly in favour of the motion “the government has an obligation take a lead in rationing.” The conference then sent this open letter to the secretary of state for health

Dear Mr Dobson,

At a conference in London last week about 250 people from all parts of the National Health Service agreed that not all health services can be provided to everybody who might benefit from them. This will remain true even with more generous funding, greater efficiency, and lower management costs.

Rationing has always existed in all health services and always will. Many health interventions produce in some patients small benefit at enormous cost–for example, treating high cholesterol in a young woman with no other risk factors for heart disease or offering magnetic resonance imaging to a young …