tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SINUS RESPIRATORY ARRHYTHMIA IN CHILDREN WITH RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE
Authors: FRANCIS H. McCRUDDEN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The normal child's heart shows sinus respiratory arrhythmia. The absence of this arrhythmia is looked on as evidence of heart injury, and its presence is considered by some investigators 1 as sufficient proof that the child's heart is not damaged.  My observations on children with rheumatic heart disease do not confirm the opinion that the presence of sinus respiratory arrhythmia is evidence of a normal heart. In my experience, this form of arrhythmia is absent only in the most serious cases of heart disease.  To illustrate my experiences, I analyzed the findings in a small unselected group of 100 cases, all of them showing rheumatic heart disease with valvular injury and severe enough to be bed cases in the hospital. Eighty of the 100 cases showed sinus respiratory arrhythmia evident enough to be easily detected on simple auscultation.  However, as indicated in the accompanying table showing the greater incidence of
THE END-RESULTS OF SANATORIUM TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS: A Record of Seventeen Years' Sanatorium Work
Authors: F. W. Burton-Fanning, W. J. Fanning
Journal: BMJ (1922)

<h3>Background</h3> Teaching the next generation of physicians requires more than traditional teaching models. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education9s Next Accreditation System places considerable emphasis on developing a learning environment that fosters resident education in quality improvement and patient safety. The goal of this project was to develop a comprehensive and sustainable faculty development program with a focus on teaching quality improvement and patient safety. <h3>Methods</h3> A multidisciplinary team representing all stakeholders in graduate medical education developed a validated survey to assess faculty and house officer baseline perceptions of their experience with faculty development opportunities, quality improvement tools and training, and resident participation in quality improvement and patient safety programs at our institution. We then developed a curriculum to address these 3 areas. <h3>Results</h3> Our pilot survey revealed a need for a comprehensive program to teach faculty and residents the art of teaching. Two other areas of need are (1) regular resident participation in quality improvement and patient safety efforts and (2) effective tools for developing skills and habits to analyze practices using quality improvement methods. Resident and faculty pairs in 17 Ochsner training programs developed and began quality improvement projects while completing the first learning module. Resident and faculty teams also have been working on the patient safety modules and incorporating aspects of patient safety into their individual work environments. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our team9s goal is to develop a sustainable and manageable faculty development program that includes modules addressing quality improvement and patient safety in accordance with Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accreditation requirements.
Chemoprophylaxis of Amebiasis and African Trypanosomiasis
Authors: ELIZABETH BARRETT-CONNOR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Other than malaria, only two protozoal diseases, amebiasis and African trypanosomiasis, are preventable with currently available drugs. Amebiasis can be prevented with a luminal amebicide, such as a hydroxyquin and glycobiarsol (Milibis®); however, the former is associated with occasional irreversible neurologic disease and the latter with the risk of arsenic toxicity. In view of these risks and the estimate that only 2% of travelers acquire amebic infection, chemoprophylaxis cannot be recommended. Millions of Africans at risk of Trypanosoma gambiense infection have been protected by pentamidine administration at 6-month intervals; no similar data are available regarding prophylaxis against T. rhodesiense. In the traveler, drug toxicity and the possibility of cryptic infection, although rare, exceed the risk of disease, which is less than 0.01%. Except for certain occupational groups at high risk of Gambian sleeping sickness, chemoprophylaxis is not recommended for travelers to Africa.
Radiology in Neuro-ophthalmology
Authors: Bernard S. Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The author, chief radiologist of the Neurological Institute of Milan and consultant radiologist to the Ophthalmological Institute of Milan, clearly realizes the problems that arise when the areas of interest of the neurologist and the ophthalmologist converge. Because of "monocular vision" on the part of the original physician, the patients run the risk of missed diagnosis and faulty therapy. The radiologist may be caught in a cross fire since he must serve as a consultant to each of the specialists. But he often can point the diagnostic pursuit in a correct direction—provided he is sufficiently knowledgeable. This book aims to transmit this knowledge which the radiologist can then apply when a patient presents with a disturbance of vision. It is not meant as an original contribution, nor as an encyclopedic coverage in any single field of radiology. Moreover, a basic knowledge of roentgen anatomy, normal and pathological, is assumed. Available
CHEMICAL, CLINICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PRODUCTS OF HUMAN PLASMA FRACTIONATION. XIV. APPRAISAL OF ISOHEMAGGLUTININ ACTIVITY 1
Authors: Elmer L. DeGowin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1944)

The development of the by-products, from the preparation of human serum albumin for the Armed Forces (1), made available large quan- tities of globulins containing isohemagglutinins.It was found possible to produce material rich in isohemagglutinins from pools of human group- specific plasma, derived from bloods unselected for agglutinin titer.The method of preparation has been reported by Pillemer and co-workers (2).It became the problem of the Subcommittee on Blood Substitutes of the National Research Council to evaluate the product.A group of consultants,2 qualified in the field of blood grouping, col- laborated in testing various lots of concentrated isohemagglutinin preparations made at the Pilot Plant, Department of Physical Chemistry, Har- vard Medical School.Samples from 14 lots of material were distributed to the investigators for study.The first 6 lots were in the liquid form while the remaining 8 were converted to the dry state and sealed in vacuo.The consultants all agreed that the 14 preparations submitted for evaluation were sufficiently potent to be acceptable as grouping sera.These conclusions were based on each man's experience 1 Ile products of plasma fractionation employed in this work were developed from blood, collected by the American Red Cross,
Biology, clinical, and hematologic features of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: Rogelio Paredes‐Aguilera, Lina Romero‐Guzman, Norma Lopez‐Santiago, Rosa Arana Trejo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

To assess the incidence, clinical features at presentation, hematologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic characteristics of AMKL in children we prospectively studied 834 consecutive non selected children with newly diagnosed acute leukemia (AL) admitted to the Hematology Department at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico, D.F. We found 682 cases (81.8%) with a typical ALL immunophenotype, and the remaining 152 (18.2%) were considered to have AML. In 29 of the 152 patients with AML studied, a diagnosis of AMKL was established. These 29 cases represented 19.1% of the cases of AML and 3.48% of the total cases of AL during the time span covered by the study. Twenty-four percent of the cases occurred in infants 2 years old or younger and 41.4% occurred in children 41 months of age or younger. In contrast, in only 18.6% of the patients with AML (M0-M6), the diagnosis was established before 42 months of age and in 17% before their second year of life. Clinical presentation was not strikingly different than that observed in patients with other types of AML, and the time interval from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was also similar, though in a small subset of patients, the clinical course was characterized by a chronic slowly progressive disorder extending over weeks or months resembling smoldering leukemia or chronic myelofibrosis with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. Bone marrow (BM) fibrosis was a constant features in our patients; 75% of the patients studied showed this complication at the time of diagnosis. Some rather unusual findings in this study were intense skeletal pains from multiple osteolytic lesions, the presence of soft-tissue tumor, and the presence of cohesive scanty clusters of primitive-looking blast cells in BM aspirates. Several interesting cytogenetic findings in our study were t(1;22)(p13;q13) in a 14-year-old boy, t(9;22)(q34;q11) in one patient, and monosomy 7 in two patients. Another important finding in our study was the clinical association with colonic adenocarcinoma in one patient, an association that to our knowledge has not been reported previously. In conclusion, our data suggest that the incidence of AMKL in Mexico might be higher than those reported in Caucasian white pediatric population, and that biologic and cytogenetic profile may differ from those of western countries, but more studies are needed to corroborate cytogenetic heterogeneity, ethnic and geographic diversity. Early onset of the disease, low WBC counts, slight thrombocytopenia or normal platelet counts, and BM fibrosis were characteristic distinctive features of at least half of the patients with this subtype of AML.
Adipokine Resistin Is a Key Player to Modulate Monocytes, Endothelial Cells, and Smooth Muscle Cells, Leading to Progression of Atherosclerosis in Rabbit Carotid Artery
Authors: Youngjin Cho, Sang-Eun Lee, Hyun-Chae Lee, Jin Hur, Sahmin Lee, Seock-Won Youn, Jaewon Lee, Ho-Jae Lee, Tae-Kyu Lee, Jonghanne Park, Seok-Jae Hwang, Yoo-Wook Kwon, Hyun-Jai Cho, Byung-Hee Oh, Young-Bae Park, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Direct effects of dexamethasone on human podocytes
Authors: C.-Y. Xing, M.A. Saleem, R.J. Coward, L. Ni, I.R. Witherden, P.W. Mathieson
Journal: Kidney International (2006)

Glucocorticoids are widely used in the treatment of human glomerular diseases, but their mode of action is poorly understood particularly in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, which is most common in childhood and is characterized by a lack of inflammation in the kidney. The podocyte is a key cell in the glomerulus in health and disease: until recently, human podocytes have been difficult to study in vitro. We have developed a conditionally immortalized human podocyte cell line transfected with a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 transgene: when the transgene is inactivated in vitro, these cells adopt the phenotype of differentiated podocytes. We have used these cells to evaluate, using immunocytochemistry, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting, direct effects of the glucocorticoid dexamethasone at concentrations designed to mimic in vivo therapeutic corticosteroid levels. Dexamethasone upregulated expression of nephrin and tubulin-alpha, and downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor. Effects on cell cycle were complex with downregulation of cyclin kinase inhibitor p21 and augmentation of podocyte survival, without any effect on apoptosis. We report cytokine production by human podocytes, especially interleukin (IL)-6 and -8; IL-6 expression was suppressed by dexamethasone. These potent direct effects on podocytes illustrate a novel mode of action of glucocorticoids and suggest potential new therapeutic strategies for glomerular disease.
154 LOW RATE OF ONE-YEAR MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH STAGE 4 CIRRHOSIS: THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY OF LIVER (A.I.S.F.)-EPASCO PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTRE STUDY
Authors: S. Bruno, S. Saibeni, C. Vandelli, G. Di Costanzo, M. Felder, M. Tommasini, P. Andreone, G.B. Gaeta, G. Niro, C. Furlan, M. Cazzaniga, C. Loguercio, M. Persico, M. Stanzione, T. Stroffolini, P.L. Almasio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Skin cancer prevention in Australia
Authors: C. Sinclair, P. Foley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Australia has one of the highest skin cancer incidence and mortality rates in the world. The reason for these high rates is due in part to the high ambient UV radiation levels, combined with a predominantly susceptible fair-skinned population. To address this problem, since 1980 Australians have been exposed to social marketing campaigns to raise awareness of skin cancer prevention. These campaigns have used mass media alongside interventions in schools, workplaces, and in community and leisure settings to motivate sun protective behaviour. As a result of these interventions it can be demonstrated that social marketing campaigns can be a very effective method to not only motivate behaviour change, reduce sunburn, and increase awareness but more importantly, reduce melanoma rates and bring positive economic returns to government. However long term investment in this area is required otherwise any population gains in behaviour are very likely to be quickly eroded.
Prevalence of Pilomatricoma in Turner Syndrome
Authors: Marc Z. Handler, Kristina M. Derrick, Richard E. Lutz, Dean S. Morrell, Marsha L. Davenport, April W. Armstrong
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

The absence of data on the prevalence of pilomatricoma among patients with Turner syndrome served as the catalyst for this multicenter investigation.To ascertain the prevalence of pilomatricoma among patients with Turner syndrome and to determine any association between the development of pilomatricomas and the use of exogenous hormones in patients with Turner syndrome.A retrospective medical record review from January 1, 2000, through January 1, 2010, was performed of all patients with Turner syndrome. Data on pilomatricomas and the use of hormone therapy were collected.University of California-Davis Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.Patients with a diagnosis of Turner syndrome.Prevalence of concomitant pilomatricoma and diagnosis of Turner syndrome. Secondary outcome measures included the use of the exogenous hormones estrogen or recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH).In total, 311 patients with Turner syndrome were identified from these 3 institutions. Among them, 8 patients (2.6%) were diagnosed as having pilomatricomas. Before the development of pilomatricomas, 5 patients had been treated with rhGH but not estrogen, 1 patient had received estrogen but not rhGH, and 2 patients did not receive either therapy.Although the prevalence of pilomatricoma among the general population is unknown, this study demonstrates a high prevalence (2.6%) of pilomatricomas among patients with Turner syndrome. No apparent relationship was noted among our patients or in the literature between the use of rhGH and the development of pilomatricomas.
Expert Medical Testimony
Authors: Robert L. Martensen
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF CLINICAL ULTRAVIOLET SOURCES
Authors: HERMAN GOODMAN
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The greatly increased utilization of ultraviolet rays in therapy and the numerous requests for detailed information as to the emanation from various available sources, and especially for a comparison of such sources, has led us to investigate quantitatively a number of the more practical sources. Many reports of such sources are available from the standpoint of the pure physicist. These reports are not adapted to the needs of the physician. The ultraviolet has been described as a whole without further division, or the divisions of the ultraviolet selected by the physicist have not been in accord with the known physiologic action of these rays. There has been no uniformity of the sources studied, making it impossible to interpret the results in view of clinical experience. There have been too many variable conditions to which the clinician cannot hope to conform. Existing literature is difficult to interpret because the investigators have
The spliceosome factor SART1 exerts its anti-HCV action through mRNA splicing
Authors: Wenyu Lin, Chuanlong Zhu, Jian Hong, Lei Zhao, Nikolaus Jilg, Dahlene N Fusco, Esperance A Schaefer, Cynthia Brisac, Xiao Liu, Lee F Peng, Qikai Xu, Raymond T Chung
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
United States Supreme Court and abortion. 1
Authors: E. J. Holman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Upregulation of aquaporin 2 water channel expression in pregnant rats.
Authors: M Ohara, P Y Martin, D L Xu, J St John, T A Pattison, J K Kim, R W Schrier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Water retention is characteristic of pregnancy but the mechanism(s) of the altered water metabolism has yet to be elucidated. The collecting duct water channel, aquaporin 2 (AQP2), plays a pivotal role in the renal water regulation, and we hypothesized that AQP2 expression could be modified during pregnancy. Sprague-Dawley female rats were studied on days 7 (P7), 14 (P14), and 20 (P20) of pregnancy, and expression of AQP2 in papillae was examined. Nonpregnant (NP) littermates were used as controls. Plasma osmolalities were significantly lower in pregnant rats by day 7 of gestation (P7 283.8+/-1.82, P14 284.3+/-1.64, P < 0.001, P20 282. 4+/-1.32, P < 0.0001, vs. NP 291.8+/-1.06 mosmol/kgH2O). However, plasma vasopressin concentrations in pregnant rats were not significantly different than in nonpregnant rats (NP 1.03+/-0.14, P7 1.11+/-0.21, P14 1.15+/-0.21, P20 1.36+/-0.24 pg/ml, NS). The mRNA of AQP2 was increased early during pregnancy: AQP2/beta actin: P7 196+/-17.9, P14 200+/-6.8, and P20 208+/-15.5%, P < 0.005 vs. NP (100+/-11.1%). AQP2 protein was also increased during pregnancy: AQP2 protein: P7 269+/-10.0, P14 251+/-12.0, P < 0.0001, and P20 250+/-13.6%, P < 0.001 vs. NP (100+/-12.5%). The effect of V2 vasopressin receptor antagonist, OPC-31260, was then investigated. AQP2 mRNA was suppressed significantly by OPC-31260 administration to P14 rats (AQP2/beta actin: P14 with OPC-31260 39.6+/-1.7%, P < 0.001 vs. P14 with vehicle) and was decreased to the same level of expression as NP rats receiving OPC-31260. Similar findings were found with the analysis of AQP2 protein. The decreased plasma osmolality of P14 rats was not modified by OPC-31260. The results of the study indicate that upregulation of AQP2 contributes to the water retention in pregnancy through a V2 receptor-mediated effect. In addition to vasopressin, other factors may be involved in this upregulation.
Trends in New Medical Schools
Authors: P. C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Since the Bane report in 1959, over two-dozen books or reports have been published concerning problems of education and manpower in medicine. This useful collection of 27 short essays avoids the sluggish mainstream. Dr. Popper and his coauthors consider the same problems, to be sure, but they do so specifically in terms of developing a new medical school, particularly the Mt. Sinai School of Medicine in New York. This new school is scheduled to open this fall. Of special interest to medical educators, the present volume briefly discusses each of the following familiar topics: community relations, university relations, problems of medical schools, structures of medical schools, architecture, the student, and curriculum. The authors, including nine young relatively unscarred American deans, and representatives from England and Europe, have compiled an administrator's workbook.
Crisis in the N.H.S
Authors: M. Alltree, R. Barraclough, J. Bras, E. Clifford-Jones, J. M. France, M. M. C. Gilchrist, E. Griffiths, J. Hamlett, J. B. Laine, M. E. Lloyd, J. M. Marchant, T. P. S. Powell, E. G. G. Roberts, C. E. Sissons, A. M. L. Smith, I. Ap. Thomas, L. F. Tinckler, R. S. Todd, D. B. Whitehouse, R. J. Whiting, A. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1974)
Na+ entry during ischemia, reperfusion and preconditioning
Authors: David G Allen, Xiao-hui Xiao
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

In our recent series of papers [1][2][3] we have measured amiloride and its analogues.Their interpretation of these 1 intracellular sodium and pH ([Na ] and pH ) in rat hearts observations is that NHE1 is active during ischemia.There i i during ischemia and reperfusion and draw the following are several difficulties with this interpretation; one is that 1 1