tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transplacental Fetal Treatment Improves the Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Complete Atrioventricular Block Without Structural Heart Disease
Authors: Edgar T. Jaeggi, Jean-Claude Fouron, Earl D. Silverman, Greg Ryan, Jeffrey Smallhorn, Lisa K. Hornberger
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Untreated isolated fetal complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) has a significant mortality rate. A standardized treatment approach, including maternal dexamethasone at CAVB diagnosis and β-stimulation for fetal heart rates &lt;55 bpm, has been used at our institutions since 1997. The study presents the impact of this approach. Methods and Results— Thirty-seven consecutive cases of fetal CAVB since 1990 were studied. Mean age at diagnosis was 25.6±5.2 gestational weeks. In 33 patients (92%), CAVB was associated with maternal anti-Ro/La autoantibodies. Patients were separated into those diagnosed between 1990 and 1996 (group 1; n=16) and those diagnosed between 1997 and 2003 (group 2; n=21). The 2 study groups were comparable in the clinical presentation at CAVB diagnosis but did differ in prenatal management (treated patients: group 1, 4/16; group 2, 18/21; P &lt;0.0001). Overall, 22 fetuses were treated, 21 with dexamethasone and 9 with β-stimulation for a mean of 7.5±4.5 weeks. Live-birth and 1-year survival rates of group 1 were 80% and 47%, and these improved to 95% for group 2 patients ( P &lt;0.01). The 21 patients treated with dexamethasone had a 1-year survival rate of 90%, compared with 46% without glucocorticoid therapy ( P &lt;0.02). Immune-mediated conditions (myocarditis, hepatitis, cardiomyopathy) resulting in postnatal death or heart transplantation were significantly more common in untreated anti-Ro/La antibody–associated pregnancies compared with patients treated with steroids (0/18 versus 4/9 live births; P =0.007). Conclusions— A standardized treatment approach, including transplacental fetal administration of dexamethasone and β-stimulation at heart rates &lt;55 bpm, reduced the morbidity and improved the outcome of isolated fetal CAVB.
Regression of Oral Leukoplakia With -Tocopherol: A Community Clinical Oncology Program Chemoprevention Study
Authors: S. E. Benner, R. J. Winn, S. M. Lippman, J. Poland, K. S. Hansen, M. A. Luna, W. K. Hong
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Background : Oral leukoplakia is an important model for developing chemoprevention approaches for lesions in the upper aerodigestive tract. These lesions most often result from exposure to carcinogens such as tobacco and alcohol and may precede development of invasive cancer. The potent antioxidant α-tocopherol (vitamin E) has prevented the develop ment of cancers of the oral cavities in animal models. Purpose : The objectives of this study were to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of α-tocopherol in patients with oral leukoplakia and to assess the feasibility of performing chemoprevention trials through the network of the Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP). Methods : A single-arm phase II study using the nontoxic agent α-tocopherol to treat oral premalignant leukoplakia was performed at seven institutions affiliated with the CCOP through The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Patients with symptomatic leukoplakia or dysplasia were treated orally with α-tocopherol (400 IU) twice daily for 24 weeks. Follow-up was performed at 6, 12, and 24 weeks after the start of treatment to assess toxicity and response, and serum α-tocopherol levels were determined at baseline and at 6 and 24 weeks. Results : Of the 43 patients who have completed 24 weeks of treatment, 20 (46%) had clinical responses and nine (21%) had histologic responses. Mean serum α-tocopherol levels were 16.1 μg/mL at baseline and increased to 34.29 μg/mL after 24 weeks of treatment Patient-recorded drug calendars, as well as serum drug levels, indicated excellent patient compliance; an average of 95% of the prescribed pills were taken. Treatment was extremely well tolerated; no grade 3 or 4 toxic effects were reported. Conclusions : Administration of α-tocopherol resulted in both clinical and histologic responses in premalignant leukoplakia lesions. The study also demonstrated that chemoprevention trials can be performed through the CCOP. The major problems were that a high percentage of patients were not assessable for response, some patients withdrew because expenses were not reimbursable, and there was limited participation within the CCOP network. These problems may reflect difficulties inherent in the implementation of multi-institutional chemoprevention trials. Implications : The efficacy of α-tocopherol alone and in combination with other chemopreventive agents for carcinogenesis in the upper aerodigestive tract should be explored in future trials. [J Natl Cancer Inst 85:44–47, 1993]
Birth events and cerebral palsy: facts were not presented clearly
Authors: F. Stanley
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—It is regrettable that a report of a conference in a scientific journal should have a headline such as the article by Silvert.1 Its tone belongs to the counterproductive adversarial approach of lawyers concerned with litigation. It is common ground that causes of the heterogeneous group that comprises the cerebral palsies include antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal events. The precise proportions contributed by each remain uncertain.

The consensus statement reportedly attacked at the conference, far from denying …
Letter: Laterality of fractures.
Authors: T Williams, B P Heather
Journal: BMJ (1973)

tory difficulty at birth and pulmonary function tests were normal.I would like to point out that my colleagues and II 2 have suggested that the predelivery amniotic fluid lecithin concentration of 3-5 mg/100 ml is associated with practically no risk of neonatal respiratory distre-ss syndrome.As far as I can judge this is confirrmed by the findings of these workers.This critical lecithin level indicates the earliest time when the fetus in jeopardy can be delivered without the risk of de-
1004-54 A prospective study to evaluate adequacy of anticoagulation for percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with acute coronary syndromes presenting for early angiography on subcutaneous enoxaparin
Authors: Saihari Sadanandan, Faisal Latif, Balaji Veerappan, Christie E Burgin, Sushmita Patibandala, Thomas Hennebry, Mohammad Ghani, Jorge Saucedo, Eliot Schechter, Kenneth Blick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Abstract 5043: Norcantharidin induces melanoma cell apoptosis through TR3 pathway
Authors: Shujing Liu, Hong Yu, Suresh Kumar, James Martin, Xiaowei Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Norcantharidin (NCTD) is the demethylated analog of cantharidin, a naturally occurring toxin isolated from Mylabris. NCTD has been used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma with clinical efficacy and limited side effects. However, the underlying mechanism of its antitumor effects remains elusive. We have previously shown that TR3 expression is significantly decreased in metastatic melanomas and it is implicated in regulation of melanoma cell apoptosis. In this study, we showed that NCTD inhibited melanoma cell viability and induced apoptosis in vitro. NCTD induced translocation of TR3 from nucleus to mitochondria where it colocalized with Bcl-2 in melanoma cells. NCTD also increased Cytochome c release from mitochondria to the cytoplasm. There was also increased expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, accompanied with decreased expression of Bcl2 and Nf-kB2. The effects of NCTD were inhibited by knockdown TR3 expression in melanoma cells. To study its function in vivo, we treated Tyr::cre;BRAFCa/+;Ptenlox/lox mice with NCTD. Temozolomide and PBS were used as controls, and ten mice were used in each group. Temozolomide modestly increased mice survival, whereas NCTD significantly improved the survival of treated mice. Our data indicates that NCTD inhibits melanoma growth by inducing cell apoptosis via activation of a TR3 dependent pathway. These results suggest that NCTD is a potential therapeutic agent for melanoma. Financial support was provided by CA-093372, CA-116103 to XX. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5043. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5043
HERNIATION OF THE URETER INTO THE SCIATIC FORAMEN ("CURLICUE URETER")
Authors: William C. Beck
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Herniation of a ureter into the sciatic foramen is extremely rare. We have been able to find only one previously reported case, that of Lindbom.<sup>1</sup>That author was unable to find any previous similar report. We have recently observed this condition and feel that its description is worth while. Because of the typical appearance, diagnosis should not be difficult. <h3>REPORT OF A CASE</h3> The patient, a white woman aged 66, had long had diffuse arteriosclerotic disease with chronic auricular fibrillation. She had also had a left hip fracture with nonunion. In March, 1949, while in another hospital, she had a cerebrovascular accident, and gangrene of the left leg developed. The gangrene was ascribed to an embolus. A left midthigh amputation was performed on the leg with the nonunion of the hip. She was seen by us in June, 1951. She reported five or six episodes of severe, colicky pain
Explaining variations in prescribing costs across England.
Authors: T Morton-Jones, M Pringle
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To derive a predictive model for national prescribing behaviour in terms of basic morbidity and demographic factors. DESIGN--24 demographic, morbidity, and practice factors were entered into a multiple regression analysis to determine the net ingredient cost per patient. SETTING--The 90 family health service authorities in England for 1989. RESULTS--For net ingredient cost per patient only two demographic factors (numbers of pensioners and the mobility of the registered population measured by list inflation) and two morbidity related factors (standardised mortality ratios and numbers of prepayment certificates issued) significantly contributed to a multiple regression model. This model explained 81% of the variation in net ingredient cost per registered patient between family health services authorities. The model also enabled a weighting factor of 4.6 (95% confidence interval 3.2 to 6.7) to be derived for the net ingredient cost for elderly patients (compared with the existing prescribing unit factor of 3). CONCLUSIONS--The model shows that variations in prescribing costs essentially reflect demand. It also suggests that the current prescribing unit value of 3 for patients aged 65 or more underestimates the extra costs of prescribing for elderly patients.
Response to steroid therapy of sclerosing cholangitis after duodenopancreatectomy due to autoimmune pancreatitis
Authors: D Padilla
Journal: Gut (2005)

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a chronic inflammation of the pancreas due to aetiopathogenic mechanisms of autoimmunity. There are no established definitive diagnostic criteria although histological, analytical, and radiological characteristics enable us to identify this entity in the differential diagnosis with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis and cancer of the pancreas.1–3 Nevertheless, this is not always possible, and the patient undergoes surgery with suspected cancer of the pancreas. Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and the autoimmune response do not only affect the pancreas but can occasionally involve the retropancreatic and extrapancreatic biliary system. The relationship between the appearance of sclerosing cholangitis in patients with pancreatic pseudotumour due to autoimmune pancreatitis has even been considered the result of a systemic fibroinflammatory response.1,4 We present the exceptional case of a patient who, after a cephalic duodenopancreatectomy due to pancreatic pseudotumour, in lymphoplasmacytic pancreatitis, presented with a clinical-radiological picture of post-surgical sclerosing cholangitis, which resolved after therapy with steroids. In common with Kamisawa and colleagues,4 we consider autoimmune pancreatitis a lesion more as part of a condition with multifocal fibrosclerosis and we believe that this sclerosing cholangitis is an additional manifestation of an autoimmune systemic condition, possibly stimulated by surgery.

A 78 year old male patient was admitted to our service for obstructive jaundice …
Junior consultants will leave BMA "hand over fist," warns chairman
Authors: K. Burke
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The medical profession is split over proposals to overhaul pay and conditions for hospital consultants, with junior doctors officially rejecting the new contract as a “charter for management abuse.”

The BMA's Junior Doctors Committee, which represents doctors up to specialist registrar grade, has advised all specialist registrars and consultants to vote “no” in a referendum due in mid to late September, once the BMA has completed a UK-wide roadshow to garner support for the deal.

Dr Trevor Pickersgill, the chairman of the BMA Junior Doctors Committee, claimed last week that redefining the working …
Rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility loci at chromosomes 10p15, 12q13 and 22q13
Authors: Anne Barton, Wendy Thomson, Xiayi Ke, Steve Eyre, Anne Hinks, John Bowes, Darren Plant, Laura J Gibbons, Anthony G Wilson, Deborah E Bax, Ann W Morgan, Paul Emery, Sophia Steer, Lynne Hocking, David M Reid, Paul Wordsworth, Pille Harrison, Jane Worthington
Journal: Nature Genetics (2008)
Hair Casts or Pseudonits
Authors: Steven R. Kohn
Journal: JAMA (1977)

CONSIDERING both the increasing incidence and the increasing clinical awareness of pediculosis capitis, it is surprising that since 1961, when Rollins1reported three cases of hair casts (peripilar keratin casts), or pseudonits, there have been, to my knowledge, no additional reports of this entity mentioned in the North American literature. Hair casts, or pseudonits, are 2-to 7-mm long, discrete, firm, shiny, white, freely movable tubular accretions that encircle the hair shafts of the scalp. Hair casts may be due to the persistence of the inner root sheath of the hair, which normally crumbles or is digested at the sebaceous gland opening (Fig 1 and 2).  The misdiagnosis of hair casts as pediculosis capitis or nits may have severe psychological or physiological consequences for the patients and their families.  Report of a Case  A 7-year-old girl was seen in consultation following a five-year history of having nits repeatedly diagnosed by
Ethnic and sex differences in selection for admission to Nottingham University Medical School
Authors: D. James, L. Driver
Journal: BMJ (1999)

strong association between being a bully or being bullied, depression, and severe suicidal ideation highlights the importance of further investigations into the social, psychological, and environmental factors associated with bullying. ConclusionTeachers and clinicians should recognise that being bullied or being a bully are signs of an increased risk of depression and suicidal behaviour among adolescents.Adolescents should be asked if they are involved in bullying either as a victim or as a bully.Whether an intervention is needed to treat depression should be assessed among both bullies and those who are being bullied.A cross disciplinary approach is needed to identify effective interventions to prevent bullying and depression and to reduce the risk of suicide while keeping in mind the close association between these phenomena.Contributors: RK-H developed and coordinated the formulation of the primary study hypothesis, discussed the core ideas, and participated in planning the collection of data, analysing the data, and writing the paper.MR initiated the school health promotion study and the inclusion of mental health questions in the survey, he discussed the core ideas, and participated in analysing the data and writing the paper.MM brought to the discussion about the core ideas of the study his expertise as a researcher on adolescent suicide and depression, and participated in designing the study, analysing the data, and writing the paper.AR discussed the core ideas of the school health promotion study as well as of this present report, and brought to the process her expertise as an epidemiologist; she also helped analyse the data and write the paper.PR discussed the core ideas of the study and supported the formulation of the hypothesis from the point of view of a clinical adolescent psychiatrist, and participated in writing the paper.MR will act as guarantor for the paper.
Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure and cognitive outcomes at age 6 years (NEAD study): a prospective observational study
Authors: Kimford J Meador, Gus A Baker, Nancy Browning, Morris J Cohen, Rebecca L Bromley, Jill Clayton-Smith, Laura A Kalayjian, Andres Kanner, Joyce D Liporace, Page B Pennell, Michael Privitera, David W Loring
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2013)
Early relapse of JAK2 V617F‐positive chronic neutrophilic leukemia with central nervous system infiltration after unrelated bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Shinichi Kako, Yoshinobu Kanda, Tomohiko Sato, Susumu Goyama, Naohiro Noda, Eriko Shoda, Kumi Oshima, Morihiro Inoue, Koji Izutsu, Takuro Watanabe, Toru Motokura, Shigeru Chiba, Masashi Fukayama, Mineo Kurokawa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a proliferation mainly of mature neutrophils. The prognosis is generally poor and an optimal therapeutic strategy remains to be determined. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is expected to be the only curative therapy so far. We report a 46‐year‐old male with progressive CNL who underwent bone marrow transplantation from an HLA‐matched unrelated donor. After engraftment was achieved on day 35, relapse of CNL was confirmed on day 50. The progression of CNL was very rapid afterward and infiltration to the central nervous system was observed. The Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F homozygous mutation was detected from the peripheral blood or bone marrow samples throughout the clinical course. From comparison with reports of successful HSCT for CNL in the literature, it was inferred that HSCT should be performed in a stable status before progression. Furthermore, JAK2 V617F‐positive CNL may contain an aggressive disease entity in contrast to previous reports. Accumulation of experiences is required to establish a definite role of HSCT in the treatment of CNL and a prognostic significance of JAK2 mutation in CNL. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ECG record during changes in oesophageal pH.
Authors: M Wani, S Hishon
Journal: Gut (1990)

Seventeen patients with non-cardiac chest pain were investigated by simultaneous ambulatory 24 hour ECG and oesophageal pH monitoring. While 11 patients lowered their oesophageal pH below 4 for a significant percentage, (3.4%) of recorded time and experienced chest pain, no simultaneous ECG changes occurred. In 10 patients chest pain was reproduced by an oesophageal acid perfusion test (Bernstein test). No changes in ECG record during the test were shown. We conclude that although reflux oesophageal pain may be difficult to differentiate from cardiac pain, clinically oesophageal pH changes do not produce any ECG changes.
Psychiatric services are dangerous, warn doctors
Authors: L. Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Potentially violent psychiatric patients in parts of London are waiting up to two months for beds in private medium secure units. Some patients are being placed as far away as Yorkshire. “We have a five bedded locked ward for patients who need intensive treatment, but this is for a population of nearly 200000—we used to have 15 beds five years ago,” said Dr Zerrin Atakan, a senior lecturer in psychiatry at South Western Hospital in West Lambeth. “The unit is at times completely blocked with forensic patients, and when we admit a new patient who is acutely disturbed we have to move someone from the unit on to an open ward because these patients are waiting to be placed in private secure units. We believe that some of these patients are a risk to themselves and to others.

“I have not been able to …
T Cells Targeting Carcinoembryonic Antigen Can Mediate Regression of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer but Induce Severe Transient Colitis
Authors: Maria R Parkhurst, James C Yang, Russell C Langan, Mark E Dudley, Debbie-Ann N Nathan, Steven A Feldman, Jeremy L Davis, Richard A Morgan, Maria J Merino, Richard M Sherry, Marybeth S Hughes, Udai S Kammula, Giao Q Phan, Ramona M Lim, Stephen A Wank, Nicholas P Restifo, Paul F Robbins, Carolyn M Laurencot, Steven A Rosenberg
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Autologous T lymphocytes genetically engineered to express a murine T cell receptor (TCR) against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were administered to three patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to standard treatments. All patients experienced profound decreases in serum CEA levels (74-99%), and one patient had an objective regression of cancer metastatic to the lung and liver. However, a severe transient inflammatory colitis that represented a dose limiting toxicity was induced in all three patients. This report represents the first example of objective regression of metastatic colorectal cancer mediated by adoptive T cell transfer and illustrates the successful use of a TCR, raised in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) transgenic mice, against a human tumor associated antigen. It also emphasizes the destructive power of small numbers of highly avid T cells and the limitations of using CEA as a target for cancer immunotherapy.