tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The philosophy of pollution
Authors: M. T. Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HETEROLOGOUS SCARLET FEVER
Authors: J. D. TRASK
Journal: JAMA (1933)

In 1924 we<sup>1</sup>described the presence of scarlet fever toxin in the blood of certain patients with scarlet fever. This observation was confirmed by Cooke.<sup>2</sup>The toxin was demonstrated by the intracutaneous injection of patients' serum into a group of human volunteers composed of four persons whose serum failed to blanch the rash in scarlet fever and of four whose serum blanched the rash. Those whose serum failed to blanch the rash served as test subjects and the other four as controls. Subsequently, Dick tests were done on the group of volunteers. The test subjects gave positive reactions to the Dick test, and the controls, negative reactions. The reactions elicited by the serums and the Dick tests were similar. The toxin in the patients' serums was shown to be neutralizable both by natural human antitoxin and by artificially produced horse antitoxin. Heterogenicity among the toxins was not observed,
Therapy Culture: Cultivating Vulnerability in an Uncertain Age
Authors: R. Persaud
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Frank Furedi is professor of sociology at the University of Kent, Canterbury. He is also, perhaps, the nation's best known sociologist, partly as a result of popular books such as Therapy Culture , which has been extensively reviewed in the national press.

In Therapy Culture he argues that the language and sentiment of psychotherapy have now spread outside the confines of the clinic, widely infecting society at large. As a result emotional vulnerability has become the defining feature of people's psychology, leading to a “unique sense of powerlessness.” Furedi questions the widely accepted thesis that psychotherapy as an ideology represents an enlightened shift towards emotions. But is it really the case that people didn't feel powerless before?

We do, however, live in apparently peculiar times. Tony Soprano, head of America's favourite television gangster family, goes to a therapist. American girl scouts can now get a badge in …
P2-027: Comparison of genomic alterations by array comparative genomic hybridization and RT-PCR in early-relapse and non-relapse non-small cell lung carcinoma patients
Authors: Jae Suk Sung, Hyo Seon Choi, Uk Hyun Jo, Han Kyum Kim, Jason Jongho Kang, Yeul Hong Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
MEDICOLEGAL ASPECTS OF TRANSVESTISM
Authors: KARL M. BOWMAN, BERNICE ENGLE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

The causes and character of transvestism are not well understood. Hereditary and constitutional factors appear in the background of some transvestites, and there is some indication that intersex of a subtle degree may be involved. According to psychologic explanations, transvestism is the result of intense castration fears, as are homosexuality, exhibitionism, and fetishism. All agree that treatment of transvestism at present is difficult and prolonged, and results are most unsatisfactory. Most patients do not wish psychotherapy. Surgical transformation is also rejected because it plays into the patient's illusions and does not really solve the problem. In most states it is considered that mayhem statutes can be made to prohibit the use of surgical transformation. The degree of desired change varies from case to case. Some male transvestites desire breast enlargement and perhaps castration; a few insist on both castration and penotomy, with the construction of a urethra; a very few may request a plastic vagina. So far, no one has been reported to request the implantation of ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus, although a female patient is said to have arranged for the implantation of testicles. Male parthenogenesis does not yet seem to be within the realm of possibility. Female transvestism may be more frequent than is indicated by the number of reports in the literature. It is possible that eventually castration by hormonal medication may bring about great changes in sexually deviant individuals such as transvestites and partially solve this problem. Administration of hormones, as a medication, does not run into the same legal bars as does surgery. It should be noted, however, that hormonal castration constitutes a medical decision and intervention, with quite as definite sequelae as in other medical treatments; for example prolonged hormonal medication raises the question of the danger of cancer. The treatment of choice is probably intensive, prolonged psychotherapy in suitable cases, in order to relieve tension and bring about a better adjustment; techniques may be found to make the patient more accessible to psychotherapy. So far, there are no reported successfully treated cases. Until more appropriate and successful therapies are found, present methods of treatment will continue in use.
Clinicians' Predictions of Outcome of Psychotherapy: A Trial of a Prognostic Index
Authors: ARTHUR H. AUERBACH, LESTER LUBORSKY, MARILYN JOHNSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The authors describe the Prognostic Index, a clinical form for rating patients on 31 variables believed to be significant in predicting outcome of psychotherapy. Forty-seven patients were rated on this instrument at the beginning of therapy. Factor analysis of the Prognostic Index revealed the five main dimensions that its 31 variables represent. The outcome of therapy was significantly predicted by the patients' scores on three fators: General Emotional Health, Intellectual Achievement, and Acute Depression.
Erdheim-Chester disease: pulmonary infiltration responding to cyclophosphamide and prednisolone
Authors: S C Bourke
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare multisystem histiocytic disorder in which death most commonly results from pulmonary or cardiac involvement. We report the case history of a 55 year old man with this condition with extensive and progressive pulmonary disease. He had no response to prednisolone alone, but treatment with prednisolone plus cyclophosphamide was associated with a rapid improvement in symptoms, lung function, and the chest radiographic appearance. He subsequently showed a symptomatic, functional, and radiological deterioration, followed by a marked slowing in the rate of decline. He currently remains stable 41 months after treatment was initiated. This is the first report of pulmonary Erdheim-Chester disease showing improvement in both lung function and symptoms with any form of treatment.
The Standard of Laparoscopic Intraoperative Cholangiography: A Quality Control Study
Authors: G. S. Arul, P. S. Rooney, R. Gregson, R. J. C. Steele
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

Background and Study Aims: One reason why many surgeons do not attempt laparoscopic cholangiography is that it is considered to be technically difficult and to produce poor-quality images.
Beneficial Effects of Intracoronary Adenosine as an Adjunct to Primary Angioplasty in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mario Marzilli, Enrico Orsini, Paolo Marraccini, Roberto Testa
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The benefits of vessel recanalization in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are limited by reperfusion damage. In animal models, adenosine limits reperfusion injury, reducing infarct size and improving ventricular function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of adenosine adjunct to primary PTCA in AMI. Methods and Results —Fifty-four AMI patients undergoing primary PTCA were randomized to intracoronary adenosine or saline. The 2 groups were similar for age, sex, and infarct location. Adenosine administration was feasible and well tolerated. PTCA was successful in all patients and resulted in TIMI 3 flow in all patients given adenosine and in 19 given saline ( P &lt;0.05). The no-reflow phenomenon occurred in 1 adenosine patient and in 7 saline patients ( P =0.02). Creatine kinase was lower in the adenosine group, and a Q-wave MI developed in 16 adenosine patients and in 23 saline patients ( P =0.04). Sixty-four percent of dyssynergic segments improved in the adenosine group and 36% in the saline group ( P =0.001). Function worsened in 2% of dyssynergic segments in the adenosine group and in 20% in the saline group ( P =0.0001). Adverse cardiac events occurred in 5 patients in the adenosine group and in 13 patients in the saline group ( P =0.03). Conclusions —Intracoronary adenosine administration is feasible and well tolerated in AMI. Adenosine adjunct to primary PTCA ameliorates flow, prevents the no-reflow phenomenon, improves ventricular function, and is associated with a more favorable clinical course.
Medical Memoirs — A New Prescription — Personal Postscript
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

AFTER being complimented for being a Cooperative patient, an eminent military man said that he could not see the point of asking for medical advice and then not taking it. But he added that he was well aware that everyone did not accept advice so readily – "For instance, I'll tell you someone who was not always an easy patient, and that was Sir Winston Churchill."This was hardly betraying a confidence, for it would be difficult to imagine otherwise, but Lord Moran has revealed the truth in considerable detail in his recently published diaries and has aroused the greatest . . .
Whooping-cough and Measles
Authors: L. J. Barford
Journal: BMJ (1948)

industry, energy and dexterity, and perhaps ambition, the student must be entitled to decide for himself in what direction his work might be expected to bring its own reward.In coming to a decision personal trends must be given due weight:1.There are those whose chief thrill comes from research, in following out a line of thought by experiment and logical reasoning, hoping in the end to reach a worthwhile result.For them medicine provides an ever-widening horizon, each fresh discovery a stepping- stone to the next.2. Others are thrilled by imparting instruction on established facts and' possible theories to individuals or groups.We speak of the "born teachers," whose gifts both bring and bestow enjoyment.3. Others still are attracted by the thrill of being the bearers of hope and confidence to the sick as they are found in the wards and out-patient departments of our hospitals.Valuable equipment for these is what, for want of a better term, we call clinical instinct, and for them there is again a wide choice among the many departments of clinical work, each with its own peculiar attraction.
Health effects of organophosphate sheep dips.
Authors: V. S. Murray, H. M. Wiseman, S. Dawling, I. Morgan, I. M. House
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Health effects of organophosphate sheep dipsEDITOR,-We wish to draw attention to the possible health effects of exposure to sheep dips containing organophosphates (diazinon, propetamphos, or chlorfenvinphos).Toxic exposure to organophos- phate substances may cause acute cholinergic inhibition' that correlates poorly with clinical effects.'Acute clinical effects after exposure to organophosphate dips are uncommon, and because these effects are non-specific, resembling influenza, diagnosis may be difficult.During the dipping season last year (22 Septem- ber to 3 November) the National Poisons Unit, in collaboration with the Veterinary Medicines Direc- torate of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, investigated cases of suspected exposure reported to the poisons unit by doctors requesting information on management.We obtained details of the cases by telephone and by sending follow up questionnaires to the doctors.If a case was reported within seven days of exposure the doctor was asked to take a blood sample (5 ml EDTA) straight away and another at least one month later.The National Poisons Unit Laboratory measured erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase activities with an assay based on the method of Ellman et al." Thirty four reports were received.The age of the patients, recorded in 31 cases, ranged from 2 to 75 years.Twenty nine patients were exposed while working with sheep, but three were exposed accidentally, including a 2 year old child who fell into a dip.Circumstances were unknown in two cases.
Learning from the NHS Internal Market: A Review of the Evidence
Authors: C. Ham
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Julian Le Grand, Nicholas Mays, Jo-Ann Mulligan King's Fund, £17.95, pp 196 ISBN 1 8571 7215 9 Rating:![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> The reforms introduced to the NHS in 1991 have attracted enormous attention from within the United Kingdom and outside. The attempt to make the NHS more responsive and efficient by requiring hospitals and other providers to compete for resources was one of the last acts of Margaret Thatcher before she was replaced by John Major. Researchers have investigated various aspects of the NHS internal market, and this book synthesises the results. The most surprising conclusion is that the market seems to have had relatively little measurable impact. The authors … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Remote ischaemic pre‐conditioning does not attenuate ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction in humans
Authors: Stephen P. Hoole, Sadia N. Khan, Paul A. White, Patrick M. Heck, Rajesh K. Kharbanda, Cameron G. Densem, Sarah C. Clarke, Leonard M. Shapiro, Peter M. Schofield, Michael O'Sullivan, David P. Dutka
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Social perception and “spectator theories” of other minds
Authors: Søren Overgaard, Joel Krueger
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract We resist Schilbach et al.'s characterization of the “social perception” approach to social cognition as a “spectator theory” of other minds. We show how the social perception view acknowledges the crucial role interaction plays in enabling social understanding. We also highlight a dilemma Schilbach et al. face in attempting to distinguish their second-person approach from the social perception view.
Epigenetic regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: Implications in neurodevelopment and behavior
Authors: Benjamin D. Schanker
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Several recent research findings have implicated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a mediator of neuronal plasticity. The BDNF gene is under extensive epigenetic regulation, which modulates how much or how little environmental experiences become encoded within neurons and neural circuits. Future scientific progress within the postgenomic paradigm requires elucidation of the functional trajectory in neogenetic and environment interactions.
Indications for Digitalis Therapy
Authors: Jay N. Cohn
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The indications for use of digitalis as an inotropic agent have been reexamined in the context of recent emphasis on the toxicity of digitalis and current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of clinical congestive heart failure in various disease states. Digitalis may be overprescribed in patients in whom (1) the signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure are not due primarily to an impairment of myocardial contractility, (2) administration of digitalis is not associated with notable improvement in cardiac function, or (3) increases in contractility could have a deleterious effect on myocardial metabolism. There must be increased selectivity in the administration of digitalis to patients with heart disease and more emphasis on pharmacologic manipulation of other factors that control cardiac performance. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1911-1914, 1974)
Specialist medical training and the Calman report.
Authors: S Hunter, P McLaren
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Sleep deprivation (SD) interferes with hippocampal structural and functional plasticity, formation of long-term memory (LTM) and cognitive function. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are incompletely understood. Here, we show that SD impaired synaptic tagging and capture (STC) and behavioral tagging (BT), two major mechanisms of associative learning and memory. Strikingly, mutant male mice lacking the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75<sup>NTR</sup>) were resistant to the detrimental effects of SD on hippocampal plasticity at both cellular and behavioral levels. Mechanistically, SD increased p75<sup>NTR</sup> expression and its interaction with phosphodiesterase (PDE4A5). p75<sup>NTR</sup> deletion preserved hippocampal structural and functional plasticity by preventing SD-mediated effects on hippocampal cAMP-CREB-BDNF, cAMP-PKA-LIMK1-cofilin and RhoA-ROCK2 pathways. Our study identifies p75<sup>NTR</sup> as an important mediator of hippocampal structural and functional changes associated with SD, and suggests that targeting p75<sup>NTR</sup> could be a promising strategy to limit the memory and cognitive deficits that accompany sleep loss. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> The lack of sufficient sleep is a major health concern in today9s world. Sleep deprivation (SD) affects cognitive functions such as memory. We have investigated how associative memory mechanisms, synaptic tagging and capture (STC), was impaired in SD mice at cellular and behavioral level. Interestingly, mutant male mice that lacked the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75<sup>NTR</sup>) were seen to be resistant to the SD-induced impairments in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and STC. Additionally, we elucidated the molecular pathways responsible for this rescue of plasticity in the mutant mice. Our study has thus identified p75<sup>NTR</sup> as a promising target to limit the cognitive deficits associated with SD.
Evolving Treatment Strategies for Epilepsy
Authors: Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Mark A. Agostini, Paul C. Van Ness
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Causes of SLIT discontinuation and strategies to improve the adherence: a pragmatic approach
Authors: E. Savi, S. Peveri, G. Senna, G. Passalacqua
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is often discontinued, and many patients do not renew the prescription. We evaluated the reasons for discontinuation and set up an educational/follow-up plan to improve the adherence. In a first phase, the adherence at 4 months was directly assessed. Based on those results, an action plan (education, frequent contacts, and strictly scheduled visits) was developed and tested in other patients. A group of matched patients did not undergo the follow-up plan (controls). In the first phase, involving 252 subjects, at 4 months, there were 30% dropouts, mainly due to side-effects. In the second phase, 149 patients underwent education/follow-up and 90 received no intervention. In the first group, discontinuations at 4 months were 5%, vs 18% in the controls (P = 0.01). After one year, 12% of patients were lost in the first group and 35% in the control group (P < 0.001). An adequate education and a strict follow-up can significantly reduce SLIT's discontinuations.
Sirolimus-Eluting Stents Versus Bare-Metal Stents in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: 9-Month Angiographic and Intravascular Ultrasound Results and 12-Month Clinical Outcome
Authors: Bas L. van der Hoeven, Su-San Liem, J. Wouter Jukema, Navin Suraphakdee, Hein Putter, Jouke Dijkstra, Douwe E. Atsma, Marianne Bootsma, Katja Zeppenfeld, Pranobe V. Oemrawsingh, Ernst E. van der Wall, Martin J. Schalij
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Synovial Osteochondromatosis Demonstrated on Bone Scan
Authors: DEAN J. SHANLEY, EVAN M. EVANS, ARTHUR B. BUCKNER, CALVIN B. DELAPLAIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Posttraumatic synovial osteochondromatosis represents chondrometaplasia of the synovium and subsequent endochondral bone formation. This condition frequently results in the formation of calcified loose bodies within the joint and may cause pain and limit motion. Secondary osteoarthritis is a frequent complication of this condition owing to the mechanical destruction of the articular cartilage by the loose bodies. The authors present a case of synovial osteochondromatosis demonstrated on bone scan with plain film, CT, and MRI correlation.
TCTAP A-160 Impact of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusion in Elder Patients
Authors: Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Se Yeon Choi, Yoonjee Park, Akkala Raghavender Goud, Hu Li, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Sung Il Im, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
PERPHENAZINE AND AMITRIPTYLINE AS ADJUNCTS TO PSYCHOTHERAPY
Authors: MARSHALL E. SMITH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

Combinations of 2 or 4 mg. perphenazine and 10 or 25 mg. amitriptyline were used as adjuncts to psychotherapy in 65 outpatients. The effect of the chemotherapy was considered excellent in 2 patients, good in 32, fair in 14, and none in 17. This agent appears to be most useful in agitated depression and least useful in schizophrenia. The major side effect was dryness of the mouth.