tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Arterial imaging with a new forward-viewing intravascular ultrasound catheter, I. Initial studies.
Authors: J L Evans, K H Ng, M J Vonesh, B L Kramer, S N Meyers, T A Mills, B J Kane, W N Aldrich, Y T Jang, P G Yock
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) of arteries is limited by the inability of current instruments to visualize beyond the catheter tip. We have developed a prototype 4-mm-diameter forward-viewing IVUS catheter (Cardiovascular Imaging Systems, Sunnyvale, Calif) that has the ability to provide B-mode cross-sectional ultrasound data for a distance of up to 2 cm distal to the catheter tip. METHODS AND RESULTS To study the utility of this device, a 20-MHz forward-viewing IVUS catheter was used to examine 13 arterial segments (5 human femoral arteries, 1 human carotid artery, 7 canine arteries) in vitro and 1 phantom. After imaging, all data were compared with histology (Histo). In all cases, the IVUS catheter provided forward-viewing images corresponding to the arterial geometry and demonstrated vascular landmarks and atherosclerotic lesions. There was a good correlation between Histo-determined luminal diameters (LD) and IVUS-determined diameters for a distance of 14 mm ahead of the catheter tip: IVUS LD = 1.0 Histo LD + 1.3 (r = .87). CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data suggest that a forward-viewing IVUS catheter is feasible, accurate, and useful for evaluation of arterial geometry distal to the catheter tip.
William Gilbert Williams
Authors: H. Jones
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former consultant cardiothoracic surgeon Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry (b Newport, Gwent, 1928; q Cambridge/Bristol 1952; MChir, FRCS), died on 12 May 2002 following surgery for metastases from colon cancer. 

After national service in the Royal Air Force, Bill trained as a cardiothoracic surgeon in London. In 1967 he was appointed consultant to the King Edward VII Memorial Hospital, Warwick, moving with the department to Walsgrave Hospital, Coventry, in 1970. Here he had a pivotal role in the development of bypass surgery for the area—appropriately, for a Welshman, doing the first operation on St David's Day. He was honorary secretary of the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons and adviser to the chief medical officer at the Department of Health. He leaves a wife, Phyllis; three children; and five grandchildren.
English emergency care varies widely, commission finds
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Wide variations in the quality of clinical care in England's 200 emergency units have been identified in a new report from the Healthcare Commission. Although all trusts had met the government's target for the end of 2004—of 90% of patients being admitted or discharged within four hours—the report warns that many trusts are struggling with the government's higher target of no patients spending more than four hours in the department.

“This report suggests serious variations in the quality of care. Monitoring standards of quality must become a core part of the day to day management of these units,” said Anna Walker, chief executive of the Healthcare Commission. “[Emergency] …
India is set to miss millennium development goal for improving sanitation
Authors: C. Travasso
Journal: BMJ (2014)

India has met the United Nations’ 2015 millennium development goal for access to safe drinking water but still has a long way to go to achieve the goal of improved sanitation facilities, says an update report by the World Health Organization and Unicef Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation.1

The millennium development goals set out to halve by 2015 the proportion of the world’s population that had not had sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic …
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION
Authors: Edgar A. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In a communication inThe Journal, January 11, de Takats discusses the priority of supradiaphragmatic splanchnic section. He takes issue with the statement (Peet, Woods and Braden,The Journal, Nov. 30, 1940, p. 1875) that "bilateral supradiaphragmatic splanchnic nerve section and lower dorsal sympathetic ganglionectomy were first introduced into this country by Peet in 1933." The preceding paragraph had clearly explained that this applied only to the surgical treatment of hypertension. As a matter of fact, the operation was first performed in this country by Peet in February 1929 for gastric crises (Peet, M. M.: Splanchnic Section for Hypertension; Preliminary Report,<i>Univ. Hosp. Bull.</i>, Ann Arbor<b>1</b>:17-18 [June] 1935. Kahn, E. A., and Barney, B. F.: Anterolateral Chordotomy for Intractable Pain of Tabes Dorsalis,<i>Arch. Neurol. &amp; Psychiat.</i><b>38</b>:467-472 [Sept.] 1937). De Takats did not perform the operation until October 1932, when he did it
Tc-99m MDP Bone Scintigraphy in Relapsing Polychondritis
Authors: FIRAT GÜNGÖR, TÜLAY ÖZDEMIR, FATMA TUNÇDEMIR, NADIR PAKSOY, BINNUR KARAYALÇIN, METIN ERKILIÇ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 62-year-old man was wheezing and had chest pain for 2 months. He had a history of bilateral ear swelling, for 3 years. Physical examination showed edematous and red auricles and a saddle nose deformity. Computerized tomography showed tracheal calcifications and tracheobronchial narrowing was observed on bronchoscopy. Tc-99m MDP bone scan performed for chest pain showed diffusely increased uptake in the costochondral junctions. The biopsy showed relapsing polychondritis. He underwent prednisolone therapy for 2 months and his symptoms and scintigraphic findings were improved. This report indicates that MDP bone scintigraphy may be a valuable method in follow-up of relapsing polychondritis.
Intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis delta virus: molecular evidence
Authors: Grazia A Niro, John L Casey, Eleonora Gravinese, Maria Garrubba, Pasquale Conoscitore, Evangelista Sagnelli, Marilena Durazzo, Nicola Caporaso, Francesco Perri, Gioacchino Leandro, Domenico Facciorusso, Mario Rizzetto, Angelo Andriulli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Differentiation of Posterior Pararenal Space Infection from Psoas Abscess by Gallium Imaging
Authors: ARUNA BOSE, FRED MISHKIN, JAIME DELGADO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Three of four patients whose cases fit the clinical description of psoas abscess proved on gallium imaging to have infection in the posterior pararenal space sparing the psoas muscle. This space provides a route for spread of infection connecting the spine, the anterior abdominal wall, the scrotum, the anterior thigh, and the gluteal region as demonstrated by the cases presented. Clinical differentiation between posterior pararenal space infection and psoas abscesses is difficult and CT studies may not demonstrate the process when the psoas space is not involved.
Identification of novel chromosomal rearrangements in acute myelogenous leukemia involving loci on chromosome 2p23, 15q22 and 17q21
Authors: A Melnick, S Fruchtman, A Zelent, M Liu, Q Huang, B Boczkowska, MJ Calasanz, A Fernandez, JD Licht, V Najfeld
Journal: Leukemia (1999)
Lamivudine treatment is beneficial in patients with severely decompensated cirrhosis and actively replicating hepatitis B infection awaiting liver transplantation: A comparative study using a matched, untreated cohort
Authors: Francis Y. Yao, Norah A. Terrault, Chris Freise, Lin Maslow, Nathan M. Bass
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Uncontrolled studies have suggested a beneficial effect of lamivudine in patients with decompensated cirrhosis caused by replicating hepatitis B virus (HBV). We analyzed the outcome of lamivudine treatment in 23 consecutive patients with severely decompensated HBV–cirrhosis defined as a Child–Pugh–Turcotte (CPT) score of ≥10, and compared with a historical untreated control group of 23 patients matched for age, gender, and baseline CPT score. Significant clinical response, defined as a decrease in the CPT score by ≥3 points, was observed in 14 of 23 (60.9%) treated patients versus none of the controls ( P &lt; .0001). The median change in CPT scores was -3.0 (range, -6 to +3) in the treated group versus +1.0 in the controls (range, -1 to +2) ( P = .016). Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) was performed in 34.8% of treated patients (median, 3.5; range, 1–32 months), versus 73.9% of controls (median, 3.0; range, 1–14 months) ( P = .04). Excluding transplanted patients, there were no deaths in the treated group versus 6 deaths in the control group ( P = .009). Time to death or OLT was significantly longer in treated patients than in controls ( P &lt; .001). Two patients developed lamivudine resistance after 9 and 12 months, respectively. Our results suggest that lamivudine significantly improves hepatic function in over half of the patients with decompensated cirrhosis and replicating HBV, and may confer a survival advantage. However, the small sample size and the use of a retrospective control cohort preclude drawing definitive conclusions. Expedited OLT remains the only viable treatment for lamivudine nonresponders.
Telomerase reverse-transcriptase homozygous mutations in autosomal recessive dyskeratosis congenita and Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome
Authors: Anna Marrone, Amanda Walne, Hannah Tamary, Yuka Masunari, Michael Kirwan, Richard Beswick, Tom Vulliamy, Inderjeet Dokal
Journal: Blood (2007)

Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a multisystem bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by a triad of mucocutaneous abnormalities and an increased predisposition to malignancy. X-linked DC is due to mutations in DKC1, while heterozygous mutations in TERC (telomerase RNA component) and TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) have been found in autosomal dominant DC. Many patients with DC remain uncharacterized, particularly families displaying autosomal recessive (AR) inheritance. We have now identified novel homozygous TERT mutations in 2 unrelated consanguineous families, where the index cases presented with classical DC or the more severe variant, Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson (HH) syndrome. These TERT mutations resulted in reduced telomerase activity and extremely short telomeres. As these mutations are homozygous, these patients are predicted to have significantly reduced telomerase activity in vivo. Interestingly, in contrast to patients with heterozygous TERT mutations or hemizygous DKC1 mutations, these 2 homozygous TERT patients were observed to have higher-than-expected TERC levels compared with controls. Collectively, the findings from this study demonstrate that homozygous TERT mutations, resulting in a pure but severe telomerase deficiency, produce a phenotype of classical AR-DC and its severe variant, the HH syndrome.
586 METHODS FOR VIRAL POPULATION RECONSTRUCTION VIA ULTRA-DEEP PYROSEQUENCING: HEPATITIS B VIRUS CASE STUDY
Authors: M. Prosperi, A. Bruselles, D. Vincenti, M.C. Solmone, I. Abbate, G. Rozera, G. Ippolito, M.R. Capobianchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Nail Toxicity Related to Weekly Taxanes: An Important Issue Requiring a Change in Common Toxicity Criteria Grading?
Authors: Simon Spazzapan, Diana Crivellari, Davide Lombardi, Cristina Scuderi, Maria Donatella Magri, Andrea Veronesi, Alessandro Gatti, Edith A. Perez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.99.147 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12409345 Nail Toxicity Related to Weekly Taxanes: An Important Issue Requiring a Change in Common Toxicity Criteria Grading? Simon SpazzapanxSimon SpazzapanSearch for articles by this author , Diana CrivellarixDiana CrivellariSearch for articles by this author , Davide LombardixDavide LombardiSearch for articles by this author , Cristina ScuderixCristina ScuderiSearch for articles by this author , Maria Donatella MagrixMaria Donatella MagriSearch for articles by this author , Andrea VeronesixAndrea VeronesiSearch for articles by this author , Alessandro GattixAlessandro GattiSearch for articles by this author Edith A. PerezxEdith A. PerezSearch for articles by this author Show More Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, ItalyUniversity of Trieste, Trieste, ItalyMayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.99.147 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical OncologyjcoJ Clin OncolJournal of Clinical OncologyJCO0732-183X1527-7755American Society of Clinical OncologyResponse01112002In Reply:Our trial1 used the current common toxicity criteria version 2.0 descriptions for grading of nail toxicity, with 3% of patients developing partial or complete loss of nail(s) or pain in nailbeds. The recommendations for redefining the grading of nail toxicity by Spazzapan et al are reasonable, as they better reflect the gradual differences and will help with the notation of toxicity as part of clinical trials, which now requires we only report grade 3 to 5 toxicities.REFERENCE1. Perez EA, Vogel CL, Irwin DH, et al: Multicenter phase II trial of weekly paclitaxel in women with metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 19:: 4216,2001-4223, Link, Google Scholar
376 PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF SERUM PIVKA-II IN HBV-ASSOCIATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: COMPARISON WITH SERUM ALPHA-FETO PROTEIN
Authors: M.K. Jang, H.S. Kim, J.S. Jang, W.G. Shin, K.H. Kim, J.H. Lee, H.Y. Kim, T.H. Hahn, S.H. Park, C.K. Park, M.S. Lee, J.B. Kim, D.J. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Abstract 4363: Tumor regulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cell proliferation, circulation and apoptosis.
Authors: James E. Talmadge, Alicia J. Dafferner, Holly C. Britton, Ibrahim H. Younos
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract In response to stress, myeloid progenitor cells (MPCs) mobilize and establish sites of extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) within lymphoid and parenchymal organs. We report that the spleens of 4T1 mammary tumor-bearing (TB) mice are the primary site of MPC proliferation resulting in extensive EMH in association with decreased apoptosis, increased myeloid cell survival, and increased hematopoietic growth factor (GF) transcription by the tumor cells. MPC trafficking and survival differs between TB and naïve mice with leukocyte arrest in the lungs of naïve mice and accumulation in the splenic red pulp of TB mice with little marrow or tumor arrest or proliferation. Indeed, despite the high levels of GF transcription by tumor cells MDSC apoptosis in tumors is very high perhaps due to the high levels of NOS2 in the tumor microenvironment. Further myeloid proliferation directly correlates with the decrease in T-cell frequency, which is associated with extrathymic, but not thymic T-cell proliferation. In summary, tumor cytokines regulate a dynamic relationship between MPCs and T-cells regulating their proliferation, trafficking, accumulation, apoptosis, and survival. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4363. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4363
Pulmonary function in adolescents with childhood asthma
Authors: E. Mosfeldt Laursen, K. Kaae Hansen, V. Backer, N. Bach‐Mortensen, P. Prahl, C. Koch
Journal: Allergy (1993)

The aim of this study was to determine the pulmonary function in former and present asthmatics. We examined 77 persons aged 12–24 years, classified into four groups: 1) healthy subjects (controls) ( n = 19), 2) former asthmatics ( n = 19), 3) present mild asthmatics ( n = 20), and 4) present severe asthmatics ( n = 19). Although exhibiting no respiratory symptoms, former asthmatics had reduced airflow values measured by FEV, (median (range) 89.7 (83–99) vs 101.4 (91–110)) and MEF 25 (76.5 (68–94) vs 103.0 (97–124)), as compared with controls. Furthermore, former asthmatics had significantly increased PEF variability, as compared with controls, whereas no significant differences were found in static lung parameters, i.e. total lung capacity and residual volume, as compared with controls. In conclusion, former asthmatics, although now exhibiting no respiratory symptoms, were found to have obstructive airflow limitation, increased bronchial responsiveness, and normal lung volumes.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin with a lymphoepithelioma-like histological pattern
Authors: J.J. Ríos-Martín, A. Solorzano-Amoreti, R. González-Cámpora, H. Galera-Davidson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin with a lymphoepithelioma‐like histological pattern Get access J.J. Ríos‐Martín, J.J. Ríos‐Martín Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Avda Dr Fedriani s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Solorzano‐Amoreti, A. Solorzano‐Amoreti Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Avda Dr Fedriani s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. González‐Cámpora, R. González‐Cámpora Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Avda Dr Fedriani s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Galera‐Davidson H. Galera‐Davidson Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Avda Dr Fedriani s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 2, 1 August 2000, Pages 460–461, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03690.x Published: 01 August 2000
Alteration of Medical Records Submitted for Medicolegal Review
Authors: Robert L. Prosser
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE PRACTICE of altering medical records out of fear of litigation may be an increasing problem. This topic has received no recent attention in the medical literature. Physicians' alterations of research data<sup>1,2</sup>and attitudes toward changing records to improve insurance collection<sup>3,4</sup>have been reported, but no documented cases in the medical literature describe altering the records of patients who sue physicians. This review describes the medicolegal aspects of four cases involving altered patient records. The discussion following the cases focuses on some practical considerations about making additions and changes to medical records. I have practiced medicine in academic centers for 20 years. Because of my academic orientation, several state medical boards, hospitals, malpractice insurance companies, physician groups, and even a few plaintiffs attorneys have sought my opinion on cases involving pending or potential litigation. In the last 5 years, there has been a disturbing increase in the proportion
Survival Rates With Coronary Artery Disease for Black Women Compared With Black Men
Authors: Youlian Liao
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To evaluate the influence of gender on the prognosis of coronary heart disease among black patients.Cohort study based on a consecutive sample from a hospital registry, with a mean follow-up of 4 years.An inner-city public hospital in Chicago, Ill.The study included 1719 consecutive black patients (780 men and 939 women) who had any one of the following events: cardiac catheterization for presumed coronary heart disease, hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction, or coronary artery bypass grafting.Hospital and operative mortality rates following acute myocardial infarction and coronary artery bypass grafting were similar between the two sexes. The relative risks for cardiac death in women vs men were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60 to 1.28), 0.79 (95% CI, 0.53 to 1.17), and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.34 to 1.85) for coronary artery disease, acute myocardial infarction, and coronary artery bypass grafting, respectively, after adjusting for age, history of diabetes, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, number of diseased vessels, and ejection fraction. Compared with patients of the same sex with normal angiograms, relative risk estimates were 5.0, 10.1, and 6.3 for women and were 1.8, 4.0, and 2.0 for men in the same three groups of patients, respectively.Survival with coronary artery disease in black women is similar to that observed in black men, but relative to members of the same sex without the disease, the prognosis for women is considerably worse than for men.
Dofetilide reduces the incidence of ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial ischaemia. A randomised study in pigs
Authors: H. R. Andersen, H. Wiggers, L. L. Knudsen, I. Simonsen, P. E. B. Thomsen, N. Christiansen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

The aim was to investigate whether dofetilide, a new selective cardiac potassium channel blocker, would reduce the incidence of ischaemia induced ventricular fibrillation in closed chest pigs.A randomised, blinded, and placebo controlled study was performed in 32 closed chest pigs with a body weight of 70-90 kg. The animals were given a dofetilide/placebo bolus of 25 micrograms.kg-1 over a 10 min period followed by a maintenance dose of 12.5 micrograms.kg-1.h-1 for the next 130 min. Electrocardiograms were recorded during sinus rhythm and during atrial pacing, before (t0) and 20 min (t20) after the beginning of drug treatment. Twenty minutes after the start of drug treatment, acute myocardial ischaemia was induced by inflation of a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) balloon placed in the left anterior descending coronary artery proximal to the first diagonal branch. If ventricular fibrillation occurred during the 2 h ischaemia period the balloon was deflated and defibrillation attempted by dc shocks (360 joules) up to a maximum of 10 shocks.Basal characteristics for the dofetilide group (n = 16) and the placebo group (n = 16) were similar: body weight 76.1(SD 5.4) kg v 75.4(4.4) kg; heart weight 296(29) g v 302(43) g; and heart rate (RR interval) 854(261) ms v 800(307) ms. During atrial pacing 100 beats.min-1 the paced QT interval (QTp) measured at t0 in the dofetilide group and the placebo group were similar, at 335(36) ms v 330(31) ms, respectively. During drug treatment (t20) the QTp interval increased to 412(38) ms in the dofetilide group (p < 0.001) whereas a much smaller increase to 341(32) ms was observed in the placebo group (p < 0.05). The heart rate and ST elevation in the two groups were similar during coronary artery occlusion. During the 2 h ischaemic period, ventricular fibrillation occurred in 6/16 (38%) of the dofetilide treated pigs, and in 13/16 (81%) of the placebo treated pigs (p < 0.01). Defibrillation was successful in 5/6 (83%) and 6/13 (46%) of the animals, respectively (p = 0.3).Dofetilide significantly reduces the incidence of ischaemia induced ventricular fibrillation in closed chest pigs.
Further Remarks on the Radical Cure of Hernia by Injection
Authors: C. B. Keetley
Journal: BMJ (1887)

healing of an abscess, and the result was that absorption was complete within eight days.In a case of leucorrhcea with a highly irritating secretion (where a gonorrhceal infection could not be traced) I applied the stronger mer- curial lauoliment, with good result.No suitable cases of syphilis came under my notice during this time.I have thought it well to describe these therapeutic experiences at length, not in the hope of bringing lanolin into general use-for this my help may well be spared-but because, havIng at the first re- introduction of wool-fat expressed rather prematurely a contemptuous opinion of it, I think it my duty to state the facts that have caused me to alter my views.I have foand pure lanolin to be a valuable remedy that I could now ill spare in my practice.