tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract B16: Indigeneously synthesized inorganic coordination complex act as apoptotic agent in cancerous cells
Authors: Payel Banerjee, Paramita Majumder, Santasree Mazumder
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Objective: Metal complexes play an important role in chemotherapy. Arguably the most prominent metal complex in medicine is the anticancer agent cisplatin (cis-diamineplatinum (II) dichloride). Cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic metal complexes also have certain reported side effects and their cost is very high for a country like India. In the present study we aim to evaluate the effect of novel inorganic coordination complexes in comparison to cisplatin in the treatment of cancer of different origin such as lung, cervix, and ovary. Method: The decrease in cell viability was determined by MTT assay followed by wound healing and DNA hypoploidy assay Apoptosis has been studied by Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining flow cytometric assay. Following this: (1) chromosomal condensation by DAPI staining, (2) determination of ROS generation by DCFDA staining, and (3) measurement of altered mitochondrial membrane potential with JC1 dyes was performed. Changes in Bcl 2/Bax ratio and release of Cytochrome-C protein by Western blot technique confirm apoptosis. Results: Our results establish that both cisplatin and the novel inorganic complex can inhibit the proliferation of A549, Hela, and PA 1 cells. The novel inorganic coordination complex in the study shows the IC 50 at 75 µM,150 µM, and 250 µM in Hela, A 549 and PA 1 respectively with respect to cisplatin which shows the IC 50 at 50 µM, 100 µM and 300 µM in Hela, PA 1, and A 549 respectively. After treatment with cisplatin and inorganic cooedination complex, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was strongly up regulated in Hela cells and moderately elevated in A 549 and PA 1 cells. We demonstrate that a combination of anti proliferative measures such as delay in cell cycle progression, induction of apoptosis and generation of ROS act together to mediate the effects of cisplatin and the novel inorganic complex on cancer cells. Conclusion: The present study showed that Hela is more sensitive than A 549 and PA1 to cisplatin and the novel inorganic complex. Although the novel inorganic complex is found to be more effective anticancer agent than cisplatin in case of A 549 when compared with the other two cell lines, Hela and PA1. These results have pointed out that cisplatin and the novel inorganic complex might exert chemopreventive effect through ROS generation and induction of apoptogenic signals via mitochondrial death cascade in human lung, cervical and ovarian carcinoma cells. The novel inorganic coordination complex is more effective anticancer agent in lung carcinoma cells when compared to cervical and ovarian cancer cells. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):B16.
Endosonography-Guided Celiac Plexus Neurolysis in the Treatment of Pain Secondary to Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Authors: A. P. Ferrari, J. C. Ardengh
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Acute intermittent porphyria is a metabolic error transmitted as an autosomal dominant disorder with incomplete penetrance. Its clinical picture includes intermittent abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, with or without neurological changes. We report the case of a young woman whose pain attacks were controlled with high-dose opiates, in whom we decided to perform endosonography-guided celiac plexus neurolysis (EUS-CPN). This is the first reported attempt with this new treatment option. There was significant clinical and nutritional improvement after treatment.
Complementary and Incremental Mortality Risk Prediction by Cortisol and Aldosterone in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Gülmisal Güder, Johann Bauersachs, Stefan Frantz, Dirk Weismann, Bruno Allolio, Georg Ertl, Christiane E. Angermann, Stefan Störk
Journal: Circulation (2007)

In patients with systolic heart failure, high levels of circulating aldosterone are associated with an adverse prognosis, and mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves survival. The prognostic significance of cortisol that may also bind and activate the mineralocorticoid receptor in chronic heart failure is unknown.Serum levels of cortisol and aldosterone were quantified in a prospective cohort study of 294 consecutive patients with chronic heart failure [48% were in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV; 58% had systolic heart failure]. During a median follow-up of 803 days (interquartile range, 314 to 1098), 79 patients died (27.3% mortality rate). Cortisol and aldosterone were independent predictors of increased mortality risk in Cox regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, New York Heart Association functional class, C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, sodium, and hypercholesterolemia. The hazard ratio for highest versus lowest tertile of cortisol was 2.72 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38 to 5.36; P=0.004], and the hazard ratio for aldosterone was 2.19 (95% CI, 1.23 to 3.93; P=0.008). Patients with both cortisol and aldosterone levels above the respective medians had a 3.4-fold higher mortality risk compared with subjects with both corticosteroids below the median (95% CI, 1.54 to 7.46; P=0.0001). Addition of cortisol and aldosterone levels to the fully adjusted model significantly improved the discriminatory power [increase in Harrell's C-statistic from 0.80 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.90) to 0.86 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.94; P<0.001 for change].In patients with chronic heart failure, higher serum levels of both cortisol and aldosterone were independent predictors of increased mortality risk that conferred complementary and incremental prognostic value.
SUBDURAL FLUID ACCUMULATIONS
Authors: Cecil E. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, May 31, page 1751, Dr. Naffziger says, "Subdural fluid accumulation after head injury seems to have escaped the comment of pathologists and surgeons." I called attention to this matter forcibly at the California state meeting, May 17, 1922, and my observations were published in the<i>California State Journal of Medicine</i>(<b>21</b>:106 [March] 1923). This journal is published in Dr. Naffziger's home town, yet he says: "The group of subdural accumulations is of special interest and importance and has attracted no attention." As a matter of fact, Sir Charles Ballance lectured extensively on this subject in the years 1899 and 1900, although he did not suggest the expectant treatment propounded in my paper. I recollect his demonstration at that time of a number of such cases, all of which had become chronically encysted and had passed beyond the physiologic stage referred to in my
Predictors of Blood Trihalomethane Concentrations in NHANES 1999–2006
Authors: Anne M. Riederer, Radhika Dhingra, Benjamin C. Blount, Kyle Steenland
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Trihalomethanes (THMs) are water disinfection by-products that have been associated with bladder cancer and adverse birth outcomes. Four THMs (bromoform, chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane) were measured in blood and tap water of U.S. adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006. THMs are metabolized to potentially toxic/mutagenic intermediates by cytochrome p450 (CYP) 2D6 and CYP2E1 enzymes.We conducted exploratory analyses of blood THMs, including factors affecting CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 activity.We used weighted multivariable regressions to evaluate associations between blood THMs and water concentrations, survey year, and other factors potentially affecting THM exposure or metabolism (e.g., prescription medications, cruciferous vegetables, diabetes, fasting, pregnancy, swimming).From 1999 to 2006, geometric mean blood and water THM levels dropped in parallel, with decreases of 32%-76% in blood and 38%-52% in water, likely resulting, in part, from the lowering of the total THM drinking water standard in 2002-2004. The strongest predictors of blood THM levels were survey year and water concentration (n = 4,232 total THM; n = 4,080 bromoform; n = 4,582 chloroform; n = 4,374 bromodichloromethane; n = 4,464 dibromochloromethane). We detected statistically significant inverse associations with diabetes and eating cruciferous vegetables in all but the bromoform model. Medications did not consistently predict blood levels. Afternoon/evening blood samples had lower THM concentrations than morning samples. In a subsample (n = 230), air chloroform better predicted blood chloroform than water chloroform, suggesting showering/bathing was a more important source than drinking.We identified several factors associated with blood THMs that may affect their metabolism. The potential health implications require further study.
Comparative effects of pressure support ventilation and intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) in non-intubated healthy subjects
Authors: J Mancebo, D Isabey, H Lorino, F Lofaso, F Lemaire, L Brochard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

We compared the efficacy of three devices delivering assisted non-invasive ventilation with different working mechanisms, during room air breathing and during CO2-induced hyperventilation. In seven healthy volunteers, breathing pattern, respiratory muscle activity and comfort were assessed: during unassisted spontaneous breathing through a mouth-piece (SB); during assisted breathing with a device delivering inspiratory pressure support (IPS); and with two devices delivering intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB), the Monaghan 505 (IPPB1), and the CPU 1 ventilator (IPPB2). All three devices were set at 10 cmH2O of maximal pressure. During room air breathing, the work of breathing expressed as power, was significantly greater with the two IPPB devices than with the two other modes (IPPB1 and IPPB2 7.3 +/- 5.2 and 7.2 +/- 6.2 J.min-1, respectively, versus SB and IPS 2.4 +/- 0.7 and 2.3 +/- 3.3 J.min-1, respectively). The difference did not reach the statistical significance for the pressure-time product (PTP). Discomfort was also greater during the IPPB modes. During CO2-induced hyperventilation, considerable differences in power of breathing were found between the two IPPB devices and the other two modes. The PTP was also much higher with IPPB. Transdiaphragmatic pressure was significantly smaller during IPS than during the three other modes (IPS 18 +/- 2.6 cmH2O versus SB 22 +/- 2.6, IPPB1 32 +/- 5.2, and IPPB2: 28 +/- 5.2). Maximal discomfort was observed during the IPPB modes and was correlated with the magnitude of transdiaphragmatic pressure (r = 0.60). Despite similarities in their operational principles, IPS and IPPB had very different effects on respiratory muscle activity in healthy non-intubated subjects. IPPB machines not only failed to reduce patient's effort but also induced a significant level of extra work by comparison to spontaneous ventilation at ambient pressure. Great caution is, therefore, needed in the use of patient-triggered devices for non-intubated patients with acute respiratory failure.
Reduction in susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated lysis of human FO-1 melanoma cells after induction of HLA class I antigen expression by transfection with B2m gene.
Authors: M Maio, M Altomonte, R Tatake, R A Zeff, S Ferrone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Induction of HLA class I antigens on cultured melanoma cells FO-1 after transfection with a human or a mouse B2m gene was associated with a statistically significant reduction in their susceptibility to natural killer (NK) cell-mediated lysis. These results indicate that the structural differences between human and mouse beta 2-mu do not abolish the ability of the HLA class I molecular complex to modulate NK cell-mediated lysis of melanoma cells FO-1. The role of HLA class I antigens in the phenomenon is corroborated by the ability of anti-HLA class I MAb to enhance, although to a different extent, the susceptibility of transfected FO-1 cells to NK cell-mediated lysis. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) significantly reduced the susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis of transfected FO-1 cells. Surprisingly, TNF-alpha reduced the extent of lysis more than IFN-gamma, although the latter cytokine enhanced HLA class I antigen expression more than the former one. This finding, in conjunction with a reduction in the susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis of untransfected FO-1 cells incubated with IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha, suggests that the two cytokines reduce NK cell-mediated lysis of transfected cells by modulating not only the expression of HLA class I antigens, but also that of other structures. Induction of HLA class I antigens and their modulation with IFN-gamma did not affect the susceptibility to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell-mediated lysis of transfected FO-1 cells. Characterization of the molecular mechanism(s) underlying abnormalities in HLA class I antigen expression by melanoma cells and of the role of these molecules in the interactions of melanoma cells with various types of effector cells may suggest novel immunotherapeutic approaches to melanoma.
Chromosomal assignment of the second locus for autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (SCA2) to chromosome 12q23–24.1
Authors: S. Gispert, R. Twells, G. Orozco, A. Brice, J. Weber, L. Heredero, K. Scheufler, B. Riley, R. Allotey, C. Nothers, R. Hillermann, A. Lunkes, C. Khati, G. Stevanin, A. Hernandez, C. Magariño, T. Klockgether, A. Durr, H. Chneiweiss, J. Enczmann, M. Farrall, J. Beckmann, M. Mullan, P. Wernet, Y. Agid, H.-J. Freund, R. Williamson, G. Auburger, S. Chamberlain
Journal: Nature Genetics (1993)
Immunisation against hepatitis B in Taiwan.
Authors: I D Gust
Journal: Gut (1996)

Hepatitis B is hyperendemic in Taiwan; more than 15% of adults are chronic carriers of the virus and longterm sequelae (chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma) are common. A national immunisation programme was implemented in 1984 to tackle the problem. This entailed immunisation of newborn children, followed by susceptible school children and young adults. The programme, which has been in place for a decade, has resulted in a pronounced reduction in the prevalence of HBsAg among young children and seems to have led to a reduction in horizontal transmission among older children.
Hemodynamic and Clinical Impact of Prosthesis–Patient Mismatch After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: See Hooi Ewe, Manuela Muratori, Victoria Delgado, Mauro Pepi, Gloria Tamborini, Laura Fusini, Robert J.M. Klautz, Paola Gripari, Jeroen J. Bax, Melissa Fusari, Martin J. Schalij, Nina Ajmone Marsan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease with anti-islet autoimmunity
Authors: Masanori Moriguchi, Sinsuke Noso, Yumiko Kawabata, Takaaki Yamauchi, Takeshi Harada, Katsumori Komaki, Naru Babaya, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Hiroyuki Ito, Satomi Yamagata, Kaori Murata, Takahiro Higashimoto, Choongyong Park, Akinobu Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Ohno, Hiroshi Ikegami
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
"THE TAX ON OLEOMARGARIN"
Authors: Henry Leffmann
Journal: JAMA (1918)

ABSTRACT To the Editor: —In The Journal, Jan. 19, 1918, p. 164, an editorial discusses the advisability of removing the special tax on colored oleomargarin, and quotes from one of the newspapers a paragraph in which, inter alia, it is stated that the fats used in the manufacture of butter substitutes are as nutritious as butter fat. While not specifically denying this statement, the editorial refers to the larger content of vitamins in butter fat, and so sets some opposition to the newspaper assertion, which, like most of such assertions, is made without careful inquiry.Your editorial is in error, however, in saying that a substantial economic advantage will come to the mass of the people if the tax is taken off. I have been familiar for many years with the conditions surrounding the selling of butter substitutes. I was among the first of American chemists to assist in the control
Olfactory CNG Channel Desensitization by Ca2+/CaM via the B1b Subunit Affects Response Termination but Not Sensitivity to Recurring Stimulation
Authors: Yijun Song, Katherine D. Cygnar, Botir Sagdullaev, Matthew Valley, Sarah Hirsh, Aaron Stephan, Johannes Reisert, Haiqing Zhao
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Neonatal superintensive care.
Authors: R R Gordon
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The frequency of subclinical infection is at this stage difficult to project.Testing of "normal" sera with a rather arbitrary haemagglutinating antigen2 may unearth anti- body but, if there can be antigen sharing among Gram-negative organisms its specificity may also be in doubt.In the end there has to be some relation to the clinical disease.Another survey3 of over 2000 persons from various population groups in the Nottingham area, which has experienced the disease, showed antibody as measured by specific fluorescence in only 31 (15 °O) Rapid identification of legionella from patient material is very necessary.Bacteriological methods of culture have been described' and further selective media are under study.
Oleic Acid Inhibits Alveolar Fluid Reabsorption
Authors: István Vadász, Rory E. Morty, Markus G. Kohstall, Andrea Olschewski, Friedrich Grimminger, Werner Seeger, Hossein A. Ghofrani
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Levels of oleic acid (OA) are elevated in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). OA is also widely used to provoke edema, by unknown mechanisms, in experimental models of ARDS. We investigated the impact of intravascularly applied OA on epithelial lining fluid balance. OA (25 μM) dramatically blocked active transepithelial 22Na+ transport (by 92%) in an isolated, ventilated, and perfused rabbit lung model, provoking alveolar edema, assessed by increases in lung weight and epithelial lining fluid volume. OA did not alter epithelial permeability, measured by [3H]mannitol and fluorescently labeled albumin flux, but did increase endothelial permeability, assessed by capillary filtration coefficient. In A549 cells, OA completely blocked amiloride-sensitive sodium currents measured by patch clamp, and also largely abrogated ouabain-sensitive Na+,K+-ATPase–mediated 86Rb+ uptake. Although OA did not alter epithelial sodium channel or Na+,K+-ATPase surface expression, it covalently associated with both molecules and directly, dramatically, and dose-dependently inhibited the catalytic activity of purified Na+,K+-ATPase. Therefore, OA impaired the two essential transepithelial active sodium transport mechanisms of the lung, and could thus promote alveolar edema formation and prevent edema resolution, thereby contributing to the development of ARDS.
Factors Associated With Response to Therapy and Outcome of Patients With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis With Features of Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Ersan Ozaslan, Cumali Efe, Alexandra Heurgué–Berlot, Taylan Kav, Chiara Masi, Tugrul Purnak, Luigi Muratori, Yücel Ustündag, Solange Bresson–Hadni, Gérard Thiéfin, Thomas D. Schiano, Staffan Wahlin, Paolo Muratori
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
Specialty Hospital Study
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

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Smoking and Statistical Significance
Authors: William Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While commenting on coffee, tobacco, and cardiovascular disease in a letter to the editor (228:160, 1974), Hickey et al stated that "Pearl, in a prospective study of males, found more survivors among moderate smokers than among nonsmokers or heavy smokers at age 95, and that for five-year subsets increasing from age 70, the mortality rates of moderate smokers were lower than rates for nonsmokers or heavy smokers." This statement is not warranted by the data in Pearl's paper.<sup>1</sup> Pearl's study was based on 2,094 nonsmokers, 2,814 moderate smokers, and 1,905 heavy smokers. It is true that the death rates for moderate smokers aged 75 and over were slightly smaller than those for nonsmokers and heavy smokers, but the rates were undoubtedly calculated from populations of such small size that the differences could not possibly be statistically significant. Figure 1 in Pearl's paper, based on the calculated
Discovery and confirmation of a protein biomarker panel with potential to predict response to biological therapy in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Opeyemi S Ademowo, Belinda Hernandez, Emily Collins, Cathy Rooney, Ursula Fearon, Arno W van Kuijk, Paul-P Tak, Danielle M Gerlag, Oliver FitzGerald, Stephen R Pennington
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

Biological therapies, which include antitumour necrosis factor-α and T-cell inhibitors, are potentially effective treatments for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) but are costly and may induce a number of side effects. Response to treatment in PsA is variable and difficult to predict. Here, we sought to identify a panel of protein biomarkers that could be used to predict which patients diagnosed with PsA will respond to biologic treatment.An integrated discovery to targeted proteomics approach was used to investigate the protein profiles of good and non-responders to biological treatments in patients with PsA. Reverse-phase liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was used to generate protein profiles of synovial tissue obtained at baseline from 10 patients with PsA. Targeted proteomics using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to confirm and prevalidate a potential protein biomarker panel in 18 and 7 PsA patient samples, respectively.A panel of 107 proteins was selected, and targeted mass spectrometry MRM assays were successfully developed for 57 of the proteins. The 57 proteins include S100-A8, S100-A10, Ig kappa chain C fibrinogen-α and γ, haptoglobin, annexin A1 and A2, collagen alpha-2, vitronectin, and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein. The proteins were measured simultaneously and confirmed to be predictive of response to treatment with an area under the curve of 0.76. In a blinded study using a separate cohort of patients, the panel was able to predict response to treatment.The approach reported here and the initial data provide evidence that a multiplexed protein assay of a panel of biomarkers that predict response to treatment could be developed.ISRCTN23328456.