tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2508: Identification of potential relevant pathways and genes for resistance to chemoradiotherapy in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Marian Grade, Melanie Spitzner, Georg Emons, Frank Kramer, Jochen Gaedcke, Margret Rave-Fränk, Jens-Gerd Scharf, Peter Burfeind, Heinz Becker, Tim Beissbarth, B. Michael Ghadimi, Thomas Ried
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The standard treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancers comprises preoperative 5-fluorouracil-based chemoradiotherapy followed by standardized surgery. However, the tumor response to multimodal treatment has varied greatly and ranging from complete resistance to complete pathologic regression. The prediction and treatment of these observed heterogeneous response to therapy in patients is, therefore, an important clinical need. A strategy for studying the molecular basis of this heterogeneous tumor response is to establish the clinical parameters as an in vitro model. For this purpose we used 12 colorectal cancer cell lines and exposed them to 3 µM of 5-fluorouracil and 2 Gy of radiation, which reflect the parameters used in clinical patient treatment. The sensitivity differences of the cell lines to chemoradiotherapy, measured as surviving fractions by a standard colony formation assay, were then correlated with the pretherapeutic gene expression profiles of these cell lines. The microarray measurements were independently validated for a subset of these genes using real-time polymerase chain reactions. In the 12 colorectal cancer cell lines we observed a heterogeneous response, with surviving fractions ranging from 0.28 to 0.81, closely recapitulating clinical reality. Using a linear model analysis, we identified 4,796 features whose expression levels correlated significantly with the sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy (Q &amp;lt; 0.05), including many genes involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway or cell cycle genes. These data have suggested a potential relevance of the insulin and Wnt signaling pathways for the treatment response, and we identified STAT3, RASSF1, DOK3, and ERBB2 as potential therapeutic targets. We anticipate that this analysis of a gene expression signature for the in vitro chemoradiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells will unveil molecular biomarkers predictive of the response of rectal cancers to chemoradiotherapy and enable the identification of genes that could serve as targets to sensitize a priori resistant primary tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2508. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2508
2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA/SCAI 2005 Guideline Update for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Spencer B. King, Sidney C. Smith, John W. Hirshfeld, Alice K. Jacobs, Douglass A. Morrison, David O. Williams, Sidney C. Smith, Ted E. Feldman, John W. Hirshfeld, Alice K. Jacobs, Morton J. Kern, Spencer B. King, Douglass A. Morrison, William W. O’Neill, Hartzell V. Schaff, Patrick L. Whitlow, David O. Williams, Sidney C. Smith, Alice K. Jacobs, Cynthia D. Adams, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Christopher E. Buller, Mark A. Creager, Steven M. Ettinger, Jonathan L. Halperin, Sharon A. Hunt, Harlan M. Krumholz, Frederick G. Kushner, Bruce W. Lytle, Rick Nishimura, Richard L. Page, Barbara Riegel, Lynn G. Tarkington, Clyde W. Yancy
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Halothane Anesthesia and Hepatitis in a High-Risk Population
Authors: Nicholas M. Greene
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

THE halogenated anesthetics that characterize today's practice of anesthesia have in common the fact that they may be associated with severe and potentially fatal, if rare, postoperative hepatic failure.1 Halogenated anesthetics also have in common the fact that they are metabolized by hepatic microsomal enzymes.2 It has been suggested that these two phenomena are related — that the drug metabolites produced in the liver act either directly on liver cells as hepatotoxins3 , 4 or indirectly to produce a sensitization type of reaction.5 The amount of halogenated anesthetic that is metabolized is increased when induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes occurs. Induction may . . .
Paradoxical bronchoconstriction and salmeterol.
Authors: J. R. Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (1992)

extraction we have used the prevalence of cataract in the population and the methods to which the authors refer to derive estimates of the incidence.We adjust for ethnic origin, the discrepancy between diagnostic and operative thresholds, attrition by death, and the level of contraindicated operations.Our estimates also suggest that unmet need for cataract extraction exists but they are unaffected by factors such as knowledge of, or access to, services that may distort demand incidence among elderly people.
Excess Body Weight in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: James M. O'Brien, Carolyn H. Welsh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters21 September 2004Excess Body Weight in Critically Ill PatientsJames M. O'Brien Jr, MD and Carolyn H. Welsh, MDJames M. O'Brien Jr, MDFrom Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80220.Search for more papers by this author and Carolyn H. Welsh, MDFrom Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80220.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-6-200409210-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Schultz and Wolthuis raise questions about the technique for weight and BMI determination in our study. At study enrollment, study personnel recorded patient weights according to medical records. We presume that weight was most commonly recorded as a part of daily clinical care and that it was determined by using bed scales in the participating centers. Study personnel measured patient height to calculate predicted body weight and, subsequently, tidal volume. Although we acknowledge that the weight assessment was not subject to a rigorous protocol, we contend that any systematic measurement errors are unlikely. There is no reason ...Reference1. Bercault N, Boulain T, Kuteifan K, Wolf M, Runge I, Fleury JC. Obesity-related excess mortality rate in an adult intensive care unit: A risk-adjusted matched cohort study. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:998-1003. [PMID: 15071392] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James M. O'BrienJr, MD; Carolyn H. Welsh, MDAffiliations: From Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, and Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO 80220. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoExcess Body Weight Is Not Independently Associated with Outcome in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Acute Lung Injury James M. O'Brien Jr. , Carolyn H. Welsh , Ronald H. Fish , Marek Ancukiewicz , and Andrew M. Kramer , for the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network*Excess Body Weight in Critically Ill Patients Marcus J. Schultz and Esther K. Wolthuis Metrics Cited byAccuracy of weight and height estimation in an intensive care unit: Implications for clinical practice and research* 21 September 2004Volume 141, Issue 6Page: 485-486KeywordsBody mass indexBody weightLungsMortalityOverweightTidal volume ePublished: 21 September 2004 Issue Published: 21 September 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Gerontology Researchers Look Toward Millennium
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1996)

THE NATION NOW is a year farther along  Road to an Aging Policy for the 21st Century that was mapped in May 1995 at the Fourth White House Conference on Aging.  As this second postconference year gets under way, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) is pointing out that the first members of the baby-boom generation—those born in 1946—will turn 65 in just 15 years. And the last of the boomers, born in 1964, will reach 65 in 2029.  The NIA, which is part of the National Institutes of Health and has research facilities in Baltimore and Bethesda, Md, sees reason for optimism in that the boomers' health is generally better than that of their parents, most women will have worked to generate their own Social Security and pension income, and education levels are higher.  On the other hand, NIA officials say, it's important to keep in mind
BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER DRUG-ELUTING STENTS VERSUS DURABLE POLYMER SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: A POOLED ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL PATIENT DATA FROM THE ISAR-TEST 3, ISAR-TEST 4, AND LEADERS RANDOMIZED TRIALS AT 4 YEARS
Authors: Robert A. Byrne, Giulio Stefanini, Patrick Serruys, Antoinette de Waha, Bernhard Meier, Steffen Massberg, Peter Juni, Stephan Windecker, Adnan Kastrati, Deutches Herzzentrum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Oral bile acid treatment and the patient with zellweger syndrome
Authors: Kenneth D. R. Setchell, Patrizia Bragetti, Linda Zimmer-Nechemias, Cynthia Daugherty, Maria Antonietta Pelli, Renato Vaccaro, Giorgio Gentili, Eleonora Distrutti, Giuliano Dozzini, Antonio Morelli, Carlo Clerici
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

The cerebrohepatorenal syndrome of Zellweger is a congenital syndrome of multiple manifestations, including hepatomegaly and liver dysfunction. Treatment is generally of a supportive nature, aimed at improving nutrition and growth, controlling the central nervous system symptoms and limiting progression of liver disease. Because the liver disease in Zellweger syndrome may be attributed to an overproduction and accumulation of cholestanoic acids, exacerbated by diminished primary bile acid synthesis, we hypothesized that primary bile acid administration would be beneficial in improving liver function by a mechanism involving down-regulation in the synthesis of these atypical bile acids. We report here the clinical and biochemical responses to primary bile acid administration in a 2-mo-old boy who was seen with the typical signs of Zellweger syndrome. Liver disease was evident from hepatomegaly and elevated serum liver enzymes and bilirubin. The diagnosis was supported by markedly elevated serum very long chain fatty acids and the bile acids dihydroxycholestanoic acid and trihydroxycholestanoic acid. Confirmation of the lack of peroxisomes was established by electron microscopy. When the patient was 6 mo old, the primary bile acids cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, (100 mg each/day) were administered orally. A significant improvement in biochemical indices of liver function occurred with a normalization of the serum bilirubin and liver enzymes and a histological improvement in the extent of inflammation and bile duct proliferation and disappearance of cannalicular plugs. Serum and urinary cholestanoic acids showed a significant decrease within a few days. A striking and sustained increase in growth was observed after therapy, and an improvement in neurological symptoms was noted. In conclusion, this study indicates that primary bile acid therapy improves liver function and growth in the patient with peroxisomal dysfunction and should be considered in the supportive therapies for this condition.
Study of the Right Atrial Pressure Pulse in Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation and Normal Sinus Rhythm
Authors: GEORGE A. RUBEIZ, MUNIR E. NASSAR, IBRAHIM K. DAGHER
Journal: Circulation (1964)

Six patients having mitral stenosis, functional tricuspid regurgitation, and normal sinus rhythm were studied. All patients had a systolic murmur at the lower left sternal border that increased with inspiration. Five patients had right heart catheterization while all six had right atrial pressure-pulses obtained by direct puncture of the right atrium with a 20-gage needle during right thoracotomy. Functional tricuspid regurgitation was proved by subsequent digital exploration of the tricuspid valve. The right atrial pressure pulses obtained were analyzed. The curves taken with the needle-puncture of the right atrium were comparable to those obtained at right heart catheterization. The X descent was well preserved in all six cases. In five patients the X descent was deeper than the Y descent, while in only one patient was the X descent equal to the Y descent. There was no exaggeration of the V wave in any of the curves. The role played by the compliance of the right atrium in preserving the normal contour of the right atrial curve, in spite of tricuspid regurgitation, is discussed. It is concluded that in functional tricuspid regurgitation with normal rhythm the normally preserved X descent followed by a normal V wave may persist in the right atrial curve. The application of this finding to the clinical study of the jugular venous pulse in functional tricuspid regurgitation and normal rhythm is evident.
Should Phonocardiography Be Abandoned?
Authors: Robert J. Adolph
Journal: JAMA (1979)

IN JUNE 1977, the Blue Shield Association announced that Blue Shield plans would discontinue routine payment for several diagnostic procedures because they were considered generally unnecessary. Phonocardiography was listed among those procedures, along with pulse tracings and apex cardiograms. This Program on Medical Appropriateness is already being implemented by most carriers, including Medicare and insurance companies. Thus, many patients may be deprived of the use of this method although they may be studied by means of other procedures, some of which are more costly or more dangerous. An official letter of disagreement with this policy on phonocardiography was drafted by the officers of the Laënnec Society, passed by the membership, and sent to the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association with a recommendation that the association petition Blue Shield to reevaluate their decision with the advice of experts. Several noninvasive methods of study of the cardiac function,
Requirement for the PDZ Domain Protein, INAD, for Localization of the TRP Store-Operated Channel to a Signaling Complex
Authors: Jorge Chevesich, Andrew J. Kreuz, Craig Montell
Journal: Neuron (1997)

In Drosophila, the store-operated Ca2+ channel, TRP, is required in photoreceptor cells for a sustained response to light. Here, we show that TRP forms a complex with phospholipase C-β (NORPA), rhodopsin (RH1), calmodulin, and the PDZ domain containing protein INAD. Proteins with PDZ domains have previously been shown to cluster ion channels in vitro. We show that in InaD mutant flies, TRP is no longer spatially restricted to its normal subcellular compartment, the rhabdomere. These results provide evidence that a PDZ domain protein is required, in vivo, for anchoring of an ion channel to a signaling complex. Furthermore, disruption of this interaction results in retinal degeneration. We propose that the TRP channel is linked to NORPA and RH1 to facilitate feedback regulation of these upstream signaling molecules.
Drug Abuse: A Guide for the Primary Care Physician
Authors: Alan L. Krueger
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The American Medical Association Department of Mental Health has compiled a text for the primary care physician that attempts to "incorporate the latest research on and clinical experience with drug abuse: its causes, incidence, diagnosis, treatment and prevention." This ambitious project generally succeeds in its goal and condenses volumes of drug abuse literature into well-edited chapters. It does not include alcohol abuse, as this topic is covered in the AMA<i>Manual on Alcoholism</i>. The text is divided into three sections. The first, entitled "Defining the Problem," speaks to the definition and etiology of drug abuse, classification of the major drugs of abuse, a discussion of patterns of drug abuse throughout the years, and an interesting review of physician attitudes toward drug abuse. The second section, "Clinical Problems and Procedures," covers methods of screening for drug abuse in a general patient population, the medical management of drug reactions, clinical complications of
Families pay two thirds of rising cost of dementia care
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The cost of caring for people with dementia in the United Kingdom has increased to £26.3bn (€32.9bn; $42.4bn) a year, and two thirds of this bill is shouldered by people with dementia and their carers and families, a report by the Alzheimer’s Society shows.

This works out at £32 250 for each person with dementia every year and is 24% higher than the cost in 2007 (£17bn a year),1 said the report, Dementia UK: second edition , published on 10 September.2

In 2013 the social care costs from dementia amounted to £10.2bn, but only £4.8bn of this was paid by local authorities; £5.8bn was met by patients and their families buying in personal care, such as help with washing and dressing, the report explained. And unpaid carers—usually …
New Cardiovascular Training Track: Reinventing the Wheel?
Authors: Ira S. Nash
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 July 1998New Cardiovascular Training Track: Reinventing the Wheel?Ira S. Nash, MD and Valentin Fuster, MDIra S. Nash, MDMount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029Search for more papers by this author and Valentin Fuster, MDMount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-1-199807010-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. Shefferman for his observation and agree that our proposed training program resembles his own postgraduate experience. Since he trained, however, there has been a steady trend toward longer and more specialized postgraduate pathways; this is both a consequence and cause of the prominence of specialists in U.S. medicine. If training programs of the sort that Dr. Shefferman and many of his contemporaries completed still existed, we would have no need to “reinvent the wheel.” Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1998Volume 129, Issue 1Page: 73 Issue Published: 1 July 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Many patients with psoriasis use sunbeds
Authors: R J Turner, P M Farr, D Walshaw
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Psoriasis usually improves in sunlight, but many patients look for an alternative source of ultraviolet light, either because they are embarrassed to sunbathe in public or because of the unpredictable availability of sunlight. Sunbeds that emit ultraviolet A light might seem an attractive option, but their use, at least for tanning purposes, is discouraged by dermatologists and other healthcare workers. 1 2

To investigate our patients' use of sunbeds, we posted a questionnaire to the latest 339 patients who were new referrals aged 16-65 years and in …
Abstract 1257: From chemoprevention strategy to identification of potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for breast cancer
Authors: Allal Ouhtit, Somya Shanmuganathan, Ishita Gupta, Hamad Al-Riyami, Madhwa Raj
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Over the years, several phyto-compounds have been extensively used in Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) studies, individually and often at higher doses to kill cancer cells. Based on the combination and synergism theory, we had previously demonstrated that a combination of Resveratrol and Indole-3-Carbinol synergized and killed a maximum number of Breast Cancer cells. In the present study, we have tested various combinations of 10 well known phytochemicals, used at bioavailable levels, for their effect on cell growth and proliferation of the MDA-MB-231; breast cancer (BC) cell line and MCF-10A; normal breast epithelium as control cell line. The results revealed a super combination of 7 phyto-compounds (7SC), that synergized and induced 100% clearance of the BC cells but did not affect the normal breast epithelial cells. Next, in order to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of this ‘synergism’ effect, microarray analysis will be conducted on the mRNA collected from the 7SC treated and control cells at 12 and 24 hour time points. Ongoing in vivo experiments aim to evaluate the efficacy of the 7SC phyto-compound treatment in preventing tumor growth using xenograft mouse BC model, and further validate the functional relevance of these genes in BC cell growth and survival. The data supports our hypothesis that the 7SC could be used in CAM as a dietary supplement approach against BC, and further identify genes that have the potential to serve as biomarkers and gene candidate to guide the design of appropriate anti-BC therapeutic strategies. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Allal Ouhtit, Somya Shanmuganathan, Ishita Gupta, Hamad Al-Riyami, Madhwa Raj. From chemoprevention strategy to identification of potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1257. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1257
Allergic reactions to manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz): Identification of novel allergens with potential involvement in latex-fruit syndrome
Authors: Keity Souza Santos, Clovis Eduardo Galvao, Gabriele Gadermaier, Virginia Maria Ferreira Resende, Carlo de Oliveira Martins, Denise Shimbo Misumi, Ariana Campos Yang, Fatima Ferreira, Mario Sergio Palma, Jorge Kalil, Fabio Fernandes Morato Castro
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
A tryptophan metabolite, kynurenine, promotes mast cell activation through aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Authors: H. Kawasaki, H.‐W. Chang, H.‐C. Tseng, S.‐C. Hsu, S.‐J. Yang, C.‐H. Hung, Y. Zhou, S.‐K. Huang
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background Tryptophan metabolites have been suggested to play a role in immune modulation, wherein those have recently been shown to be endogenous ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( A h R ; a unique cellular chemical sensor). However, the involvement of tryptophan metabolites and A h R in modulating mast cell function remains to be fully defined. We therefore investigated that the functional impacts of tryptophan metabolites on human and mouse mast cell responses in vitro and their functional importance in vivo . Methods Three tryptophan metabolites, kynurenine ( KYN ), kynurenic acid ( KA ) and quinolinic acid ( QA ), were examined in terms of their effect on I g E ‐mediated responses in mouse bone marrow‐derived mast cells ( BMMC s) and in human peripheral blood‐derived cultured mast cells ( HCMC s) and on in vivo anaphylactic responses. For evaluation of A h R involvement, we examined the responses of mast cells from A h R ‐null or A h R ‐wild‐type mice with the use of a known A h R antagonist, CH 223191. Results Kynurenine, but not KA and QA , enhanced I g E ‐mediated responses, including degranulation, LTC 4 release, and IL ‐13 production in BMMC s through the activation of PLC γ1, A kt, MAPK p38, and the increase of intracellular calcium. KYN also enhanced cutaneous anaphylaxis in vivo . These enhancing effects of KYN were not observed in A h R ‐deficient BMMC s and could be inhibited by CH 223191 in BMMC s. Further, KYN had similar enhancing effects on HCMC s, which were inhibited by CH 223191. Conclusion The A h R ‐ KYN axis is potentially important in modulating mast cell responses and represents an example of A h R 's critical involvement in the regulation of allergic responses.