tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radioimmunoassay for the carboxy-terminal cross-linking domain of type IV (basement membrane) procollagen in body fluids. Characterization and application to collagen type IV metabolism in fibrotic liver disease.
Authors: D Schuppan, M Besser, R Schwarting, E G Hahn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

The carboxy-terminal cross-linking domain (NCl) of type IV procollagen was isolated from human placenta and used for the production of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Purity of the antigen and specificity of the antibodies were verified by Western blotting and radioimmunoassays. A radioimmunoassay was developed using rabbit antiserum. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 4.7% and 5.8%, respectively; recovery of NCl added to serum and bile was 95-105%. NCl concentration in sera of healthy volunteers was 6 +/- 2.9 ng/ml (mean +/- 2.5 SD) and was elevated up to 18 ng in sera of patients with autoimmune or metastatic tumor disease and up to 240 ng in sera of patients with fibrogenic liver disease. Substantial amounts of antigen were also found in bile, urine, and ascites. 67% of serum antigens eluted from an agarose A5M column with an apparent molecular weight of 60 kD and 23% with a molecular weight of 90 and 150 kD, well below the molecular weight of type IV procollagen (550 kD). Serum NCl is apparently derived from the degradation of basement membrane collagen. The time course of NCl concentrations in sera of patients with fibrogenic liver disease showed no correlation with the serum concentration of the amino-terminal procollagen type III peptide, a marker of hepatic collagen biosynthesis. A decline of serum NCl levels along with elevated serum procollagen type III peptides apparently indicates bad prognosis in fibrogenic liver disease. The radioimmunoassay for NCl is a useful tool for studying type IV collagen metabolism in conditions causing remodeling or breakdown of basement membranes.
Somatic and gonadal mosaicism of the Huntington disease gene CAG repeat in brain and sperm
Authors: Håkan Telenius, Berry Kremer, Y. Paul Goldberg, Jane Theilmann, Susan E. Andrew, Jutta Zeisler, Shelin Adam, Cheryl Greenberg, Elizabeth J. Ives, Lorne A. Clarke, Michael R. Hayden
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
Diminished hepatic expression of the HNF-6 transcription factor during bile duct obstruction
Authors: Ai-Xuan L. Holterman, Yongjun Tan, Wooram Kim, Kyung W. Yoo, Robert H. Costa
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 (HNF-6) is a member of the one cut family of transcription factors and potentially regulates expression of numerous target genes important for hepatocyte function. In the liver, HNF-6 is expressed not only in hepatocytes, but also in biliary epithelial cells (BEC). To evaluate the in vivo function of HNF-6, we examined the hepatic expression pattern of HNF-6 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein after bile duct ligation (BDL)-mediated liver injury. We found that HNF-6 protein levels in BEC and hepatocytes were diminished within 15 hours of BDL injury and remained suppressed through the fifth day of injury. The onset of BEC proliferation in response to bile duct obstruction was associated with diminished HNF-6 protein levels. To maintain hepatic HNF-6 protein levels during BDL liver injury, we used mouse tail vein injections with recombinant adenovirus expressing HNF-6 complementary DNA (cDNA) (AdH6). We found that maintaining hepatic HNF-6 levels with AdH6 infection resulted in significant decreases in BEC proliferation at 15 and 24 hours after biliary obstruction compared with adenovirus control. Our results showed that HNF-6 expression is diminished in BEC and hepatocytes and that maintaining hepatic HNF-6 expression hinders the normal biliary proliferative response to bile duct injury. This suggests that diminished hepatic HNF-6 levels are required for repair in response to biliary injury and that it regulates expression of genes that possess differentiation-specific function that are inhibitory to proliferation. In conclusion, we propose a biologic role for diminished HNF-6 protein levels in bile duct disease.
Snoring: Carve the Snorer? Deafen the Snoree?— The Dutch Cheese Wax Solution
Authors: E. C. Bressler
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  Assuming that no threatening disorder is uncovered in the sleep laboratory, the surgical treatment of snoring recommended by Dr Curtis 1 might be usefully preceded—and perhaps made unnecessary—by the use of earplugs by the patient's disturbed partner.  The disturbed sleeper can easily make such plugs from the wax that coats Edam and some other cheeses. This material is hard when cool but becomes semisoft at body temperature and snugly assumes the dimensions of the user's external auditory canals.  While such earplugs are effective in reducing the perceived intensity of all noises, one can still hear most loud, high-pitched sounds, such as those from alarm clocks, telephones, and especially smoke alarms. However, the user should test the audibility of the latter for himself or herself before using this form of noise suppression.
Sudden Scrotal Edema: Old Pearls?
Authors: W. PEREIRA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 October 1971Sudden Scrotal Edema: Old Pearls?W. PEREIRA, M.D., L. B. SEEFF, M.D.W. PEREIRA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, L. B. SEEFF, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-4-647_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We noted with interest the report by Dr. Conn in the June Annals (74:943-945, 1971), of the development of scrotal edema in cirrhotic patients after an abdominal paracentesis. He reported that during a 12-year-period in a busy hepatology unit, only 15 patients had developed this complication, that no other hepatologists with whom this syndrome was discussed had heard of it, and that no description of it had appeared in the medical literature.We should therefore like to add two cases, which occurred consecutively, in which this complication developed after diagnostic paracentesis, using a small-gauge needle.Both patients,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hepatology Service Veterans Administration Hospital Boston, Mass. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPostparacentesis Genital Edema 1 October 1971Volume 75, Issue 4Page: 647-647KeywordsEdemaGastroenterology and hepatology Issue Published: 1 October 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Quadricuspid pulmonic valve found on well exam
Authors: Stephen N Dunay, Robert A Roberge, Lena S Avedissian
Journal: Military Medical Research (2015)

Quadricuspid pulmonic valve (QPV) is almost always a benign anomaly and is therefore usually discovered incidentally on radiographic studies or post-mortem at autopsy. Because of its rarity, the true extent of the physiology of QPV is not fully understood, and the few reported cases of it may underestimate its physiological consequences. In this case, we report on a young active-duty solider who presented for a well check-up and was discovered on imaging to have a QPV. We also review the most recent literature and provide recommendations regarding the most effective diagnostic modalities.
Changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations and composition in response to a low-fat, high-fiber diet are associated with changes in serum estrogen concentrations in premenopausal women
Authors: Ernst J. Schaefer, Stefania Lamon-Fava, Donna Spiegelman, Johanna T. Dwyer, Alice H. Lichtenstein, Judith R. McNamara, Barry R. Goldin, Margo N. Woods, Ann Morrill-LaBrode, Ellen Hertzmark, Christopher Longcope, Sherwood L. Gorbach
Journal: Metabolism (1995)
Primary Hypertriglyceridemia With Borderline High Cholesterol and Elevated Apolipoprotein B Concentrations
Authors: G L Vega, S M Grundy
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A common pattern of dyslipidemia is elevated levels of plasma triglyceride, borderline high total cholesterol, reduced high-density lipoprotein, and increased apolipoprotein B. This pattern of dyslipidemia frequently is associated with premature coronary heart disease. Nicotinic acid is the drug of first choice for this pattern. In this study, gemfibrozil and lovastatin were compared for their effects on the overall lipoprotein profile in 13 men with this type of dyslipidemia. Both drugs significantly reduced very-low—density lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and both modestly raised high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Gemfibrozil therapy, however, failed to reduce total cholesterol or total apolipoprotein B levels, whereas lovastatin therapy lowered levels of total cholesterol by 28%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 33%, and total apolipoprotein B by 32%. Moreover, lovastatin therapy caused greater declines in lipoprotein cholesterol ratios than gemfibrozil therapy. Lovastatin thus seems to have certain advantages over gemfibrozil for treatment of elevated plasma triglyceride levels accompanied by borderline high total cholesterol and raised apolipoprotein B levels; therefore, lovastatin therapy should be considered as one approach for management of this condition. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:2759-2763)
Further Studies of the Cardiodynamics of Experimental Intraventricular Communications
Authors: JOHN G. HAWLEY, ROBERT C. LITTLE, HAROLD FEIL
Journal: Circulation (1950)

This communication deals with the altered ventricular dynamics occasioned by temporary opening of a large artificial interventricular shunt. Since the left ventricular discharge into the right ventricle begins some time after ejection of blood into the aorta, the left ventricle assists the right in propelling larger quantities of blood through the pulmonary circuit. This late systolic flow through a shunt causes characteristic deformations of central arterial pressure pulses and a midsystolic murmur similar to those observed in several clinical cases.
Prepregnancy Weight and Antepartum Insulin Secretion Predict Glucose Tolerance Five Years After Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Boyd E Metzger, Nam H Cho, Susan M Roston, Ruta Radvany
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To identify phenotypic, genotypic, and metabolic parameters measured at the time of antepartum diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus that can indicate the risk of diabetes mellitus at early postpartum (≤6 mo after delivery) and at a 5-yr follow-up. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The recommendations from the National Diabetes Data Group and International Workshop Conferences on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus were used for screening, diagnosing, and subclassifying gestational diabetes mellitus. National Diabetes Data Group criteria were also used for classification of glucose tolerance postpartum. Plasma glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids were measured after an overnight fast. Plasma glucose and insulin were measured 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after the 100-g oral glucose load. Postpartum glucose tolerance was evaluated at 3–6 mo (early), 1 yr, and annually thereafter. RESULTS The 5-yr cumulative incidence of diabetes during follow-up after gestational diabetes mellitus was nearly 50%. Among those who had diabetes within 5 yr, a history of diabetes in only the mother was nearly threefold more common than a history of diabetes in only the father (30 vs. 11%, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Those who displayed diabetes at early postpartum (≤6 mo) testing had significantly higher antepartum glucose levels at 60, 120, and 180 min compared with those whose early postpartum results were normal. They were also relatively insulinopenic at antepartum testing. Their fasting, acutely stimulated (15 and 30 min), and integrated 3-h response to oral glucose were all significantly lower relative to women who remained normal or had impaired glucose tolerance at early postpartum testing. Women who developed diabetes between 6 mo and 5 yr postpartum were more obese before the index pregnancy, and they had lower fasting, acutely stimulated (15 and 30 min), and integrated (1–3 h) insulin levels compared with women who remained normal or displayed impaired glucose tolerance at 5 yr postpartum. A multiple logistic regression model showed that diabetes present at early postpartum testing was independently associated with higher 2-h glucose and lower basal and total integrated insulin level. Later (≤6 mo-5 yr postpartum) development of diabetes was independently associated with prepregnancy weight and impaired insulin secretion at diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS Impaired β-cell function and obesity at diagnosis of GDM were associated with the development of diabetes during a 5-yr, follow-up period. Studies designed to prevent diabetes in this high-risk group should examine strategies to maintain both optimal β-cell function and maximum insulin sensitivity.
Thrombopoietin protects against doxorubicin‐induced cardiomyopathy, improves cardiac function, and reversely alters specific signalling networks
Authors: Kathy Yuen‐Yee Chan, Ping Xiang, Ligang Zhou, Karen Li, Pak‐Cheung Ng, Chi‐Chiu Wang, Lei Zhang, Hai‐Yan Deng, Nga‐Hin Pong, Hailu Zhao, Wood‐Yee Chan, Rita Yn‐Tz Sung
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Drug Abuse and Addiction
Authors: John A. Schremly, Philip Solomon
Journal: JAMA (1964)

ALTHOUGH DRUG ABUSE and addiction has been a social problem since the latter 19th century, there are no reliable incidence or prevalence statistics currently available. Hambourger<sup>1</sup>reported on the prevalence of the abuse of barbiturates. In the decade studied (1928-1937) only 85 of 1,250,000 general hospital admissions were diagnosed as barbiturate addicts. Of the 85, only 42 "took barbiturates daily." It was puzzling to learn that over the ten years barbiturate addiction accounted for only 0.11% of more than 300,000 admissions to one of the largest hospitals surveyed, the Boston City Hospital. This was all the more remarkable since acute barbiturate poisoning represented almost 20% of the total number of all cases of poisoning (approximately 2,000, excluding alcohol and carbon monoxide) admitted to this hospital. The present authors decided to investigate the current degree of drug abuse and addiction in the Boston City Hospital. A preliminary survey of the
Expression of CD10 predicts tumor progression and unfavorable prognosis in malignant melanoma
Authors: Junna Oba, Takeshi Nakahara, Sayaka Hayashida, Makiko Kido, Lining Xie, Masakazu Takahara, Hiroshi Uchi, Shogo Miyazaki, Takeru Abe, Akihito Hagihara, Yoichi Moroi, Masutaka Furue
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
Crystal deposition in hypophosphatasia: a reappraisal.
Authors: A J Chuck, M G Pattrick, E Hamilton, R Wilson, M Doherty
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Six subjects (three female, three male; age range 38-85 years) with adult onset hypophosphatasia are described. Three presented atypically with calcific periarthritis (due to apatite) in the absence of osteopenia; two had classical presentation with osteopenic fracture; and one was the asymptomatic father of one of the patients with calcific periarthritis. All three subjects over age 70 had isolated polyarticular chondrocalcinosis due to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition; four of the six had spinal hyperostosis, extensive in two (Forestier9s disease). The apparent paradoxical association of hypophosphatasia with calcific periarthritis and spinal hyperostosis is discussed in relation to the known effects of inorganic pyrophosphate on apatite crystal nucleation and growth.
Blockade of the ?-arginine/NO synthase pathway worsens hepatic apoptosis and liver transplant preservation injury
Authors: Gautam P. Yagnik, Yoshihito Takahashi, George Tsoulfas, Kaye Reid, Noriko Murase, David A. Geller
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Organ graft preservation injury is a major problem complicating liver transplantation. The l-arginine/nitric oxide pathway has protective effects in several models of liver injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the l-arginine/NO synthase (NOS) pathway on liver preservation injury and to characterize endogenous inducible NOS (iNOS) expression. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed with 18-hour University of Wisconsin preservation solution in syngeneic rats. Recipient rats were either untreated or treated with l-arginine, d-arginine, nonspecific NOS inhibitor NG -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), or iNOS selective inhibitor l- N6 -(1-imino-ethyl)lysine (l-NIL) after revascularization. As early as 1 hour following reperfusion, circulating arginine levels decreased 10-fold and ornithine levels increased 4-fold. A corresponding increase in arginase I protein was detected in serum. To address the profound arginine deficiency, we supplemented recipients with arginine after transplantation. l-arginine (but not d-arginine) supplementation significantly reduced preservation injury 12 hours after reperfusion, suggesting that the protective effect of l-arginine was mediated through the generation of NO. iNOS protein expression peaked in the liver 6 to 12 hours following reperfusion. Blockade of the l-arginine/NO pathway with l-NAME significantly increased necrotic and apoptotic cell death in the transplanted graft. Addition of the iNOS selective inhibitor l-NIL mildly increased liver transaminase levels and also increased apoptosis in the liver graft. In conclusion, transplant recipients are profoundly arginine deficient postreperfusion due to arginase release. l-Arginine supplementation and NO synthesis decrease necrotic and apoptotic cell death and ameliorate liver transplant preservation injury.
Manchester air disaster.
Authors: S P O'Hickey, C A Pickering, P E Jones, J D Evans
Journal: BMJ (1987)

On 22 August 1985 a fire occurred on a Boeing 737 jet airliner at take off at Manchester Airport. One hundred and thirty seven passengers and crew were on board. Fifty two passengers died on the aircraft, 85 escaped. Most survivors had minor physical injuries, but 15 required admission to hospital because of smoke inhalation and two of these had severe burns. At presentation only one survivor required ventilation but within 12 hours a further five required ventilation. Although initially patients suffering from smoke inhalation may seem relatively well, lung function may deteriorate rapidly in the first 24 hours. Careful organisation and regular practice of procedures to deal with a major accident are essential to be able to respond adequately to such an event.
Prognostic value of dipyridamole echocardiography early after myocardial infarction in elderly patients
Authors: Angelo Camerieri, Eugenio Picano, Patrizia Landi, Claudio Michelassi, Alessandro Pingitore, Giovanni Minardi, Nicola Gandolfo, Giovanni Seveso, Francesco Chiarella, Leonardo Bolognese, Giacomo Chiarandà, Maria Grazia Sclavo, Mario Previtali, Franca Margaria, Ornella Magaia, Federico Bianchi, Salvatore Pirelli, Silva Severi, Mauro Raciti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Effects of age on aortic pressure-diameter and elastic stiffness-stress relationships in unanesthetized sheep.
Authors: M Pagani, I Mirsky, H Baig, W T Manders, P Kerkhof, S F Vatner
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The effects of aging and smooth muscle activation on the elastic stiffness of the aortic wall were assessed in nine unanesthetized adult sheep, seven newborn (<1 week) lambs, and five near term fetal lambs in utero, previously instrumented with pressure gauges and ultrasonic dimension crystals for measurements of internal pressure and external diameter in the proximal third of the descending thoracic aorta.Angiotensin and nitroglycerin were administered as intravenous (iv) boluses to increase or decrease pressure and diameter.The midwall stress (u)-radius data were fitted to an exponential curve (r > 0.95) for each animal.The curves obtained in this way were similar to those obtained by inflating and deflating an implanted hydraulic occluder.Incremental elastic modulus (Einc) was derived as a linear function of stress.Compared at similar a levels, Eiac was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the adults than in either the newborn or the fetuses.For example, at a -3.30 x 10* dynes/cm 1 , Ei«, was 1.41 ± 0.10 x 10* dynes/cm 1 in the adults, compared with 2.41 ± 0.35 in the lambs and 2.31 ± 0.15 in the fetuses.However, when Eim was calculated at the higher stress value corresponding to baseline mean arterial pressure, {a -6.90 ± 0.59 x 10* dynes/cm* in the adult, 3.36 ± 0.27 in the newborn, 3.62 ± 0.56 in the fetus), E&*. was only slightly higher in the adults (3.67 ± 0.50 x 10' dynes/ cm 1 ) than in the newborns (2.42 ± 0.38) or the fetuses (2.58 ± 0.58).a-Adrenergic activation of aortic smooth muscle, induced by methoxamine infusion, shifted pressure-diameter and stress-radius relationships toward higher pressure or stress for any given radius in the adult, whereas no alteration was observed in unanesthetized fetal or newborn lambs or in adults anesthetized with pentobarbitaL Thus the aortic elastic modulus at any given wall stress is lower in the unanesthetized adult sheep than in the newborn or the fetus.However, the responsiveness of aortic smooth muscle to a-adrenergic stimulation increases with age.
Rituximab therapy for refractory systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Table 1
Authors: J Narváez, C Díaz-Torné, X Juanola, C Geli, J M Llobet, J M Nolla, C Díaz-López
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Rituximab therapy for refractory systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritisSystemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SOJIA), formerly called Still's disease, is a subset of juvenile arthritis that describes patients with fever, rash, arthritis, serositis and visceromegaly.][3][4][5][6] However, this therapeutic arsenal is unable to control the disease in all patients.Recently, rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been successfully used in two patients with refractory adult-onset Still's disease. 7As the similarity of clinical and laboratory features present in SOJIA and adultonset Still's disease implies that these conditions have similar pathogenic mechanisms, 1 2 we tested rituximab in three patients with severe active SOJIA who had an inadequate response or were intolerant to current treatment options.The patients' main characteristics at rituximab treatment initiation and outcome data are summarised in table 1.In all cases the disease persisted into adulthood, and at the time of the study
Chromosomal methods in population studies.
Authors: M K Conner, N Wald
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

A brief description of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) as cytogenetic endpoints for evaluation of DNA damaging agents is presented. Problems associated with the use of cytogenetic assays as population monitors of radiation and chemical exposures are discussed. Adequate cell sample size requirements and accurate assessment of cummulative exposure effects with increasing age are stressed as important considerations for reliable cost-benefit analysis of population studies involving low level exposures. Examples of population studies using SCE as an indicator of specific chemical exposures are cited, and factors contributing to variations in control baseline SCE levels are discussed. Possible implications of population cytogenetic data on general public health are suggested.