tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Containment of Tumor-Colonizing Bacteria by Host Neutrophils
Authors: Kathrin Westphal, Sara Leschner, Jadwiga Jablonska, Holger Loessner, Siegfried Weiss
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Administration of facultative anaerobic bacteria like Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli to tumor-bearing mice leads to a preferential accumulation and proliferation of the microorganisms within the solid tumor. Until now, all known tumor-targeting bacteria have shown poor dissemination inside the tumors. They accumulate almost exclusively in large necrotic areas and spare a rim of viable tumor cells. Interestingly, the bacteria-containing necrotic region is separated from viable tumor cells by a barrier of host neutrophils that have immigrated into the tumor. We here report that depletion of host neutrophils results in a noticeably higher total number of bacteria in the tumor and that bacteria were now also able to migrate into vital tumor tissue. Most remarkably, an increase in the size of the necrosis was observed, and complete eradication of established tumors could be observed under these conditions. Thus, bacteria-mediated tumor therapy can be amplified by depletion of host neutrophils.
A Computer Interview for Suicide-Risk Prediction
Authors: JOHN H. GREIST, THOMAS P. LAUGHREN, DAVID H. GUSTAFSON, FRED F. STAUSS, GLEN L. ROWSE, JOHN A. CHILES
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

To establish the feasibility of using computers to interview suicidal patients, the authors developed a computer program, a mathematical prediction model, and a "subjective" data base; computer interviews were then administered to 22 patients. The authors obtained a summary of the clinical state of each patient as well as a prediction of whether he would make a suicide attempt or not. They found that the patients preferred the computer interview to talking to a physician. In a separate retrospective study, the computer was more accurate than clinicians in predicting suicide attempts.
Challenges of Developing Therapeutics That Target Signal Transduction in Patients With Gynecologic and Other Malignancies
Authors: E. K. Rowinsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

A greater understanding of cancer biology and major advances in biotechnology have resulted in the identification of a plethora of rationally designed, target-based anticancer therapeutics, particularly those that inhibit malignant-cell signal transduction, ushering in new therapeutic opportunities and extraordinary developmental challenges. Because these agents seem to principally target malignant cells, it is expected that they will produce less toxicity at clinically effective doses than nonspecific cytotoxic agents. The innate complexity of signaling networks, which have redundant relay systems that confer robustness, adaptability, and signaling diversity, also decreases the probability that any single therapeutic manipulation against any specific signaling element will be highly successful when used alone, particularly in patients with solid malignancies that have multiple relevant signaling aberrations. In addition, because the predominant therapeutic effect of inhibitors of signal transduction processes in preclinical studies is a decreased rate of tumor growth, it is anticipated that the predominant therapeutic outcome in the clinic will be similar; however, this end point is not readily detectable or quantifiable using traditional clinical evaluation methods. Furthermore, the results of preclinical and early clinical studies indicate that dose-toxicity relationships are not likely to be as steep as with nonspecific cytotoxic agents. Therefore, both regulatory and clinical practice end points, such as time to disease progression, disease-related symptoms, and quality of life, which are generally considered secondary for cytotoxic agents, may evolve into primary end points. The cumulative results of developmental evaluations to date indicate that the development, evaluation, and general clinical use of rationally designed, target-based anticancer therapeutics will require a radical departure from traditional paradigms to exploit the full potential of these new therapies.
1368 WESTERN TRIAL COMPARING PERCUTANEOUS RADIOFREQUENCY OF BOTH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND THE PORTAL VENOUS TUMOR THROMBUS PLUS SORAFENIB WITH SORAFENIB ALONE
Authors: A. Giorgio, N. Farella, A. di Sarno, U. Scognamiglio, G. de Stefano, A. de Rogatis, E. Trapenese, V. Giorgio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Response intention and imagery processes: Locus, interaction, and contribution to motor learning
Authors: Robert M. Kohl, Sebastiano A. Fisicaro
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract By way of commentary on Jeannerod (1994), we propose that (1) intention, response imagery, and actual response processes carry equal weight in inferring from one process to another, (2) memory networks control intention, which interacts with imagery-based processing to control response imagery, and (3) response imagery will demonstrate learning effects better when imagery reconstruction and elaboration are emphasized and neutral retention tests are utilized.
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis in the Absence of Glucose Intolerance
Authors: FRANK G. STRAUSS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

A patient with the nephrotic syndrome had a renal biopsy specimen that showed typical well-formed mesangial nodules and occasional fibrin cap lesions, as are found in diabetes mellitus. This individual's carbohydrate metabolism was normal by all usual measures. Only after cortisone stress was the glucose tolerance test abnormal. It is concluded that the usual nodular glomerulosclerotic lesion thought to be specific for diabetes mellitus may develop although glucose tolerance is normal as measured clinically.
Routine ultrasound screening in management of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: R A P Scott, H A Ashton, D N Kay
Journal: BMJ (1988)

L'echographie est proposee a tous les sujets entre 65 et 80 ans venant en consultation de medecine generale. Sur 1312 sujets examines, 1236 ne sont pas suivis car l'aorte est normale; 62 sont revus dans l'annee, 10 dans les 3 mois et 4 dans le mois suivant le premier examen. 3 malades sont operes avec succes (dont 1 apres rupture d'anevrysme); 5 malades sont morts d'autres causes que la rupture d'anevrysmes. L'echographie peut reveler d'autres lesions (kystes, 18 cas, lithiase, 29 cas, lesions diverses, 11 cas)
Effects of Calcium-Channel Blockade in Older Patients with Diabetes and Systolic Hypertension
Authors: Jaakko Tuomilehto, Daiva Rastenyte, Willem H. Birkenhäger, Lutgarde Thijs, Riitta Antikainen, Christopher J. Bulpitt, Astrid E. Fletcher, Françoise Forette, Adiv Goldhaber, Paolo Palatini, Cinzia Sarti, Jan A. Staessen, Robert Fagard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Recent reports suggest that calcium-channel blockers may be harmful in patients with diabetes and hypertension. We previously reported that antihypertensive treatment with the calcium-channel blocker nitrendipine reduced the risk of cardiovascular events. In this post hoc analysis, we compared the outcome of treatment with nitrendipine in diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
Spectral analysis of flow velocity in the contralateral artery during coronary angioplasty: A new method for assessing collateral flow
Authors: Jan J. Piek, Jacques J. Koolen, Alexander C.Metting van Rijn, Hans Bot, Gerard Hoedemaker, George K. David, Arend J. Dunning, Jos A.E. Spaan, Cees A. Visser
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Outbreaks of conjunctivitis due to the Newcastle disease virus among workers in chicken-broiler factories.
Authors: D. G. Trott, R. Pilsworth
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Excretion of Urobilinogen-Bourke et al.MEDIBALJOURNALthe relatively insensitive methods then available, was unable to demonstrate any urobilinogen in urine excreted during the night.Saken (1924) confirmed that the highest output was between noon and 4 p.m. and warned against drawing any conclusions from arbitrary urine samples rather than 24-hour collections.Quodbach (1936) obtained similar results, and found that the rhythm was unaffected by taking the main meal at 2 a.m. or by feeding every two' hours throughout the day by a gastric tube.He considered that the regular variations in urinary urobilinogen were due to an "endogenous liver rhythm."In addition, there is up to 300% variation in urinary urobilinogen from day to day (Royer, 1943).The present results show that the diurnal variation in urinary urobilinogen is due to at least two factors: variation in renal clearance from diurnal changes in urinary pH, and alterations in plasma urobilinogen concentration.A high rate of excretion can occur only when there is both a high plasma concentration and a relatively high urinary pH.This combination usually occurs between noon and 4 p.m., when plasma levels are generally above 6 ttg./100 ml. and the urine is at a maximum pH value in relation to diurnal change.These results are of practical importance in the interpretation of urinary urobilinogen output.Determination of the 24-hour output is of little value unless the average urinary pH is known.Urobilinogen is much more stable in alkaline than in acid con- ditions, and storage for a whole day without alkalinization is likely to give too low a result.Probably the best specimen for analysis would be a two-hour or four-hour specimen collected between noon and 4 p.m.The urinary pH should be deter- mined immediately, and if there is any delay in analysis the specimen should be alkalinized before storage.Normal values can be given only if corrections are made for urinary pH (Fig. 1). SummaryUrobilinogen output and clearance are correlated with urinary pH, the values being higher in alkaline urines and lower in acid specimens.The ratio between the urobilinogen and endogenous creatinine clearance averages 0.03 at urine pH 5 and 0.22 at urine pH 8. Normal plasma urobilinogen is estimated as 5.3 + 3.2 ,ug./100 ml.Urobilinogen is about 80% bound to plasma protein, and in one subject the urobilinogen clearance was significantly reduced by probenecid.Reasons are advanced for a triple mechanism of urobilinogen excretikn by the kidney-that is, glomerular filtration, proximal tubular secretion, and distal tubular pH-dependent back-diffusion.Urobilinogen is shown to resemble other lipoid-soluble organic acids in these respects and to obey the theoretical laws of excre- tion by pH-dependent diffusion.Determination of urinary urobilinogen as an index of haemo- lytic states or of hepatic dysfunction is unreliable unless corrections are made for variation in urinary pH.
A study of sister chromatid exchange and somatic cell mutation in hospital workers exposed to ethylene oxide.
Authors: D J Tomkins, T Haines, M Lawrence, N Rosa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

To investigate the risks of exposure to ethylene oxide (EO) at current permissible levels and at past higher levels, an inception cohort of sterilizer operators and supervisors from the Central Processing Department (CPD), respiratory therapists, and engineers exposed to EO were identified at the McMaster University Medical Centre. A comparison group from Nutrition Services (NUTR) were matched with the CPD workers on the basis of sex, age, and smoking habit. The present report is based on genetic test results for the 94 CPD and matched NUTR workers only. Statistical analysis based on the mean SCE frequency in the top 5, top 10, and all cells (50 cells scored per individual) and high frequency cells (HFC) based on the 95th percentile for nonsmoking control subjects showed a direct association with current smoking but not with EO exposure. Similarly, statistical analysis of the somatic cell mutation (SCMT) variant frequencies did not demonstrate an association with EO exposure, nor with smoking. Regression analysis indicated that sex was the only other covariate that significantly affected SCE. Age was weakly associated with SCMT. A statistically significant interaction between occupational exposure and smoking habits was observed only for the mean SCE frequency of the top 5 and top 10 cells when the 11 current CPD/NUTR pairs were not included. Thus, this interaction should be interpreted with caution.
Treatment of Appendicitis in Children
Authors: W. A. Rees
Journal: BMJ (1911)

JUNE 24, T9IT,, those of duodenal obstruction.The faot of this obstruction being so high up was probably a factor in the excellent recovery made, as there was little chance of any septic absorption occurring.2. The Chcaracter of the Obstruction.-Thiswas also unusual, as there was no volvulaFs or twist, band or adhesion, but merely a flattened piece of intestine, which was not inflamed or kinked.3. The Causec of the Obstruction -As to this we can give no opinion, and it would be interesting to know from gynaecologists whether the uterus coald be a factor in producing the obstruction.
Trends in asbestos body counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid over two decades
Authors: P. Dumortier, J. Thimpont, V. de Maertelaer, P. De Vuyst
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

As in most western countries, the use of asbestos has decreased in Belgium since the mid 1970's. Successive regulations have lowered the permissible levels of exposure and prohibited the use of various asbestos products. In order to assess the impact of these prevention measures on the pulmonary fibre burden of asbestos-exposed patients, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) asbestos body (AB) analysis database of the authors' laboratory was reviewed for the period 1983–2000. A total of 4,772 cases were considered, of which 95% were males. AB concentration exceeded 1 AB·mL BALF −1 in 36.1%. There was essentially no change in the mean concentration of AB over the period evaluated. However, the concentrations in individuals with very high levels decreased over time. This was associated with a shift in exposure categories from primary asbestos workers to those exposed during handling of asbestos-containing materials or to asbestos in place in buildings or industrial sites. This is consistent with epidemiological data indicating that the number of severe cases of asbestosis caused by very high cumulated doses decreases but that benign pleural diseases and mesothelioma remain the most frequent asbestos-related diseases. Past prevention measures are not expected to have a measurable influence on the incidence of mesothelioma in the near future.
Identification of DOK genes as lung tumor suppressors
Authors: Alice H Berger, Masaru Niki, Alessandro Morotti, Barry S Taylor, Nicholas D Socci, Agnes Viale, Cameron Brennan, Janos Szoke, Noriko Motoi, Paul B Rothman, Julie Teruya-Feldstein, William L Gerald, Marc Ladanyi, Pier Paolo Pandolfi
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Current Concepts on Cloacogenic Transitional Cell Anorectal Cancers
Authors: Lewis Grodsky
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The uncommon, cloacogenic, transitional cell, anal cancers are newly recognized clinicopathologic variants of the better-known, keratinizing, squamous cell malignancies. These unusual nonkeratinizing lesions arise at the narrow membranous anorectal junctional zone, from sometimes persisting cloacogenic transitional cell remnants. Transitional cell cancers occasionally have histological patterns mimicking nonmetastasizing basal cell epitheliomas and have been labeled "basaloid" cancer by some investigators. Three distinctive subdivisions are included within the new category of anal cancers. Treatment is radical abdominoperineal resection. Well-differentiated transitional cell cancers have a reasonably good prognosis. Local block excision has been a very effective treatment for "in situ" and small noninfiltrating tumors. Moderately differentiated transitional cell lesions or mixed patterns containing squamoid elements are more aggressive tumors. The rare, undifferentiated, anaplastic, "small cell basaloid" cancers are invariably lethal, despite radical surgical treatment.
Involvement of Endoplasmic Stress Protein C/EBP Homologous Protein in Arteriosclerosis Acceleration With Augmented Biological Stress Responses
Authors: Junhong Gao, Yasushi Ishigaki, Tetsuya Yamada, Keiichi Kondo, Suguru Yamaguchi, Junta Imai, Kenji Uno, Yutaka Hasegawa, Shojiro Sawada, Hisamitsu Ishihara, Seiichi Oyadomari, Masataka Mori, Yoshitomo Oka, Hideki Katagiri
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— The processes of arteriosclerosis, including atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling, are affected by interactions among numerous biological pathways such as responses to inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), which is well known to induce cellular apoptosis in response to severe endoplasmic reticulum stress, is reportedly upregulated in plaque lesions. Methods and Results— We examined the effects of CHOP deficiency on 2 types of arteriosclerosis: cuff injury–induced neointimal formation and hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis. Cuff injury–induced neointimal formation was markedly inhibited in CHOP −/− mice with suppressed aortic expression of inflammatory factors and smooth muscle cell proliferation–related proteins. A CHOP deficiency also inhibited aortic plaque formation in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E −/− mice with suppressed aortic expression of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress markers. Bone marrow transplantation experiments revealed that recipient CHOP deficiency significantly suppressed both cuff injury–induced neointimal formation and hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerotic plaque formation to a greater extent than donor CHOP deficiency, suggesting the importance of CHOP in vascular cells for arteriosclerosis progression. Furthermore, in our in vitro experiments, in not only macrophages but also endothelial and smooth muscle cell lines, endoplasmic reticulum stress inducers upregulated inflammation-, adhesion-, or smooth muscle cell proliferation–related proteins, whereas decreased CHOP expression remarkably suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress–induced upregulation of these proteins. Conclusions— In addition to the well-known signaling for apoptosis induction, CHOP may play important roles in augmenting potentially pathological biological stress responses. This noncanonical role of CHOP, especially that expressed in vascular cells, may contribute to the progression of vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis.
A CASE OF PROGRESSIVE PIGMENTARY DERMATOSIS(SCHAMBERG), WITH REFERENCE TO THE BLOOD CHOLESTEROL AND EPIDERMAL SIDEROSIS
Authors: LEONARD J.A. LOEWENTHAL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1929)

Journal Article A CASE OF PROGRESSIVE PIGMENTARY DERMATOSIS(SCHAMBERG), WITH REFERENCE TO THE BLOOD CHOLESTEROL AND EPIDERMAL SIDEROSIS Get access LEONARD J.A. LOEWENTHAL, M.B., Ch.B. LEONARD J.A. LOEWENTHAL, M.B., Ch.B. Hon. Assistant Dermatologist, Liverpool Cancer and Skin Hospital; Clinical Assistant, Skin Department, Liverpool Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 41, Issue 12, 1 December 1929, Pages 473–478, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1929.tb09302.x Published: 01 December 1929
Static Electricity Stops a Recalcitrant Arrhythmia
Authors: Thomas Screnock
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters5 January 1999Static Electricity Stops a Recalcitrant ArrhythmiaThomas Screnock, MDThomas Screnock, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Physicians are sometimes called on to provide care as cost-effectively as possible despite the availability of more expensive avenues at their disposal. A heretofore healthy 51-year-old man recently came to my office with shortness of breath that had persisted for about a week. He reported breathing difficulties while walking to the bank, carrying a bag of aluminum cans for recycling, and negotiating stairs. Such activities in the past had not caused discomfort.At that office visit, atrial fibrillation was diagnosed. The patient had no medical insurance and wanted to be treated as an outpatient because of financial ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Thomas Screnock, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 1 Page: 78 Keywords Arrhythmia Atrial fibrillation Breathing Dyspnea Electrocardiography Heart rate Outpatients Shock Thorax Walking ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 5 January 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
GDF15, a distinct TGFβ family member, is differentially regulated in spondyloarthritides compared to other rheumatic diseases
Authors: Lambrecht Stijn, Coudenys Julie, Keyser De Filip, Verbruggen Gust, Deforce Dieter, Elewaut Dirk
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily consists of a number of cytokines that regulate a variety of cellular processes. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a distant member of this TGFβ family with limited sequence homology to other members of this group. Its role in inflammatory arthritis is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the role of GDF15 across various inflammatory rheumatic diseases. <h3>Methods</h3> GDF15 levels were determined by ELISA in three different populations. An exploratory study included serum samples from a consecutive cohort of 555 patients where serum was collected initially during diagnostic investigation. A second population constituted of patients with an indication for an arthroscopic procedure for diagnostic purposes. A third consisted of a cohort of RA patients in which the efficacy of infliximab was evaluated. Synovial tissue biopsies and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected, RNA isolated and qPCR for GDF15 conducted. <h3>Results</h3> In all cohorts, inflammatory rheumatic diseases showed elevated GDF15 levels, except SpA. Interestingly, these patients showed near normal GDF15 serum levels. PsA patients only, but not RA patients or non-PsA SpA patients, show a significant higher concentration of GDF15 in synovial fluid compared to serum, pointing to a local production of GDF15 in the synovial joint. In line herewith, GDF15 mRNA levels were markedly higher in synovial tissue versus PBMC. In general, no significant correlations were observed between GDF15 serum levels and inflammation markers (CRP, ESR), indicating that GDF15 serum levels might be indicative for a distinct underlying disease process. Moreover, suppression of inflammation by antitumour necrosis factor α treatment does not affect GDF15 serum levels. Remarkably, SpA patients only, showed a strong positive correlation between GDF15 synovial fluid levels and levels of MMP3 and MMP1. In these patients, GDF15 synovial fluid levels also correlated with inflammation parameters (CRP, ESR). Given the involvement of MMPs in joint degradation, the observed correlations demonstrate an intriguing relationship between synovial GDF15 levels and local disease activity in SpA patients. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Overall, our results highlight a markedly distinct regulation of GDF15 in SpA as opposed to other inflammatory rheumatic disease. Based hereon and the knowledge that other members of the TGFβ family, have been linked to the modulation of the immune system as well as to bone formation, a process that differentiates RA from SpA, the authors anticipate that the elevated synovial fluid levels of GDF15 might be related to the remodeling features that typically are associated with SpA associated arthritis.