tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is alignment always the result of automatic priming?
Authors: Robert M. Krauss, Jennifer S. Pardo
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Pickering & Garrod's (P&G's) mechanistic theory of dialogue attempts to detail the psychological processes involved in communication that are lacking in Clark's theory. By relying on automatic priming and alignment processes, however, the theory falters when it comes to explaining much of dialogic interaction. We argue for the inclusion of less automatic, though not completely conscious and deliberate, processes to explain such phenomena.
SP/drug efflux functionality of hematopoietic progenitors is controlled by mesenchymal niche through VLA-4/CD44 axis
Authors: J-V Malfuson, L Boutin, D Clay, C Thépenier, C Desterke, F Torossian, B Guerton, A Anginot, T de Revel, J-J Lataillade, M-C Le Bousse-Kerdilès
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
1149-159 Left atrial systolic force in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: The LIFE study
Authors: Marcello Chinali, Giovanni de Simone, Julius M Gardin, Eva Gerdts, Kristian Wachtell, Kurt Boman, Markku S Nieminen, Vasilios Papademetriou, Vittorio Palmieri, Richard B Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Underinsurance threatens physical and financial wellbeing of US families
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A survey has found that one of every eight US adults is “underinsured,” causing many families to file for bankruptcy and forgo needed health care ( Health Affairs 2008 Jun 10; doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.27.4.w298).

The survey of 2616 US adults, conducted by the Commonwealth Fund, a charitable organisation based in New York that promotes a “high performing healthcare system,” found that 42% of people aged 19 to 65 had either no health insurance or were underinsured in 2007—up from 35% in 2003 ( Health Affairs 2005 Jun 14; doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.w5.289).

Respondents were defined as underinsured if they spent 10% or more of …
B cell precursor growth-promoting activity. Purification and characterization of a growth factor active on lymphocyte precursors.
Authors: A E Namen, A E Schmierer, C J March, R W Overell, L S Park, D L Urdal, D Y Mochizuki
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

We have used a biological assay system we developed to biochemically purify a previously uncharacterized murine lymphopoietic growth factor designated lymphopoietin 1 (LP-1). This factor is capable of stimulating the proliferation and extended maintenance of precursor cells of the B lineage. A stromal cell line producing LP-1 was established after transfection of primary stromal cultures with a plasmid encoding the transforming genes of SV40. This factor was purified to a single 25-kD species from the culture supernatant of an adherent stromal cell line. This material acts on immature lymphocytes, it binds to specific receptors on cells, and is distinct from previously described hematopoietic factors. LP-1 has been purified some 10(7)-fold with an overall recovery of 35%. The purified protein exhibits a specific activity of approximately 4 X 10(6) U/micrograms of protein and is active at a half-maximal concentration of 10(-13) M.
Olfactory Identification Deficits in First-Episode Psychosis May Predict Patients at Risk for Persistent Negative and Disorganized or Cognitive Symptoms
Authors: Kimberley P. Good, David Whitehorn, Qing Rui, Heather Milliken, Lili C. Kopala
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: One-third of patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder have a measurable olfactory identification deficit at first examination. The authors studied the relationship of this deficit to symptom remission after 1 year of treatment. Method: Fifty-eight patients naive to antipsychotic medication who entered the Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program were symptomatically rated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) (at baseline and 1 year). At baseline, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) was also completed. Remission was determined for four symptom factors derived from the PANSS (positive, negative, cognitive/disorganized, and anxiety/depression). Patients with and without remission were compared on UPSIT scores. Results: Patients with nonremission of negative and cognitive/disorganized symptoms had significantly lower baseline UPSIT scores compared with pateints with remission. UPSIT scores were unrelated to remission of positive or anxiety/depression symptoms. Conclusions: UPSIT scores can be used to identify patients at risk for persistent negative and disorganized/cognitive symptoms.
Movement After Brain Death
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Science of "Pattern Recognition"
Authors: Robert E. Bolinger
Journal: JAMA (1975)

AN UNDERSTANDING of the process of clinical decision is essential to the formulation of applications of the computer to clinical medicine. Although the computer has proved its worth in some clinical situations, results have been disappointing with more pervasive involvement of automation. Of the various health care personnel, the role and function of the clinician is least defined. The public clamor for an accounting of his activities has led to a concentration on attempted quantification of these activities in terms of visible diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that often bear scant relation to professional standards of quality of care. The unique task of the clinician is primarily a goal-directed intellectual process involving decision-making leading to courses of action. This function of the clinician defies easy mensuration and is often summarily dismissed as an art, some form of intuition, mysticism, or even charlatanism. Some degree of formalization of this process is attainable,
Sensory-motor deficits and neurofilament disorganization in gigaxonin-null mice
Authors: Thibault Ganay, Alexia Boizot, Renaud Burrer, Jean Paul Chauvin, Pascale Bomont
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2011)

Giant Axonal Neuropathy (GAN) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with early onset characterized by a severe deterioration of the peripheral and central nervous system, involving both the motor and the sensory tracts and leading to ataxia, speech defect and intellectual disabilities. The broad deterioration of the nervous system is accompanied by a generalized disorganization of the intermediate filaments, including neurofilaments in neurons, but the implication of this defect in disease onset or progression remains unknown. The identification of gigaxonin, the substrate adaptor of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, as the defective protein in GAN allows us to now investigate the crucial role of the gigaxonin-E3 ligase in sustaining neuronal and intermediate filament integrity. To study the mechanisms controlled by gigaxonin in these processes and to provide a relevant model to test the therapeutic approaches under development for GAN, we generated a Gigaxonin-null mouse by gene targeting.We investigated for the first time in Gigaxonin-null mice the deterioration of the motor and sensory functions over time as well as the spatial disorganization of neurofilaments. We showed that gigaxonin depletion in mice induces mild but persistent motor deficits starting at 60 weeks of age in the 129/SvJ-genetic background, while sensory deficits were demonstrated in C57BL/6 animals. In our hands, another gigaxonin-null mouse did not display the early and severe motor deficits reported previously. No apparent neurodegeneration was observed in our knock-out mice, but dysregulation of neurofilaments in proximal and distal axons was massive. Indeed, neurofilaments were not only more abundant but they also showed the abnormal increase in diameter and misorientation that are characteristics of the human pathology.Together, our results show that gigaxonin depletion in mice induces mild motor and sensory deficits but recapitulates the severe neurofilament dysregulation seen in patients. Our model will allow investigation of the role of the gigaxonin-E3 ligase in organizing neurofilaments and may prove useful in understanding the pathological processes engaged in other neurodegenerative disorders characterized by accumulation of neurofilaments and dysfunction of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Huntington's, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Management of malignant pleural effusion.
Authors: P T Reid, R M Rudd
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Management of malignant pleural effusionPleural effusion is a common development in patients with cancer and causes significant morbidity.1 2 Systemic treatment may be appropriate in patients with chemo- sensitive malignancy but, for the majority of patients with recurrent effusion, some form of pleurodesis is warranted.The optimal method remains debatable and is often chosen on the basis of personal experience and opinion rather than objective data.Temporary symptomatic relief may be provided by repeated needle thoracocentesis but this is only suitable in those patients with limited survival and slowly recur- rent effusion.Most effusions reaccumulate within 1-3 days3 and an attempt at ablation of the pleural space is required.Pleurectomy is the most radical and effective on August 20, 2023 by guest.
Specialist nursing care enables more people at end of life to die at home and reduces hospital treatment, study finds
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

People at the end of the life who receive specialist nursing care at home are more than twice as likely to die at home rather than hospital and three times less likely to need hospital care as those who get standard care, a study of nearly 60 000 patients has found.1

The study, which was conducted by the Nuffield Trust on behalf of Marie Curie Cancer Care, looked at the experiences of 29 538 people at the end of life who received specialist care from the Marie Curie nursing service and the same number of matched controls, who may have received other nursing care.

It found that 77% …
Secretin cells in coeliac disease
Authors: J. M. Polak, A. G. E. Pearse, S. Van Noorden, S. R. Bloom, M. A. Rossiter
Journal: Gut (1973)

Immunofluorescence (anti-secretin), cytochemical, and ultrastructural studies were carried out on jejunal biopsies from 16 children with coeliac disease and from 17 controls with suspected malabsorption but normal jejunal morphology. In 11 of the 16 coeliacs there was generalized hyperplasia of endocrine cells and, specifically, of the secretin (S) cells. Further studies, on adult coeliacs as well as on children, combined with serum secretin assays, may establish whether the S cells are abnormally storing hormone because of inability to release it or because of excess production.
Consent and people with mental handicap.
Authors: P. L. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1989)

should a second prosthesis be provided.2Mr Keetarut describes a world seen only from the perspective of a professional, who despite his interviews with patients seems to have missed the opportunity to consider the provision of a spare limb from the perspective of amputees.Mv sister in law has had a through knee amputa- tion.She is under 30 and mother of an 18 month old child.Although she may be unusual in being young and having lost a limb, she is not excep- tional.She has to travel 72 km to a limb centre;
Enteroviral RNA sequences detected by polymerase chain reaction in muscle of patients with postviral fatigue syndrome.
Authors: J W Gow, W M Behan, G B Clements, C Woodall, M Riding, P O Behan
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the presence of enteroviral sequences in muscle of patients with the postviral fatigue syndrome. DESIGN--Detection of sequences with the polymerase chain reaction in a well defined group of patients with the syndrome and controls over the same period. SETTING--Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow. SUBJECTS--60 consecutive patients admitted to the institute with the postviral fatigue syndrome who had undergone extensive investigation to exclude other conditions. 41 controls from the same catchment area without evidence of fatigue, all undergoing routine surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Routine investigations, serological screen for antibodies to a range of viruses, and presence of enteroviral RNA sequences in muscle biopsy specimens. RESULTS--15 (25%) patients and 10 (24.4%) controls had important serological findings. 12 patients had neutralising antibody titres of greater than or equal to 256 to coxsackieviruses B1-5 (six positive for enteroviral RNA sequences, six negative); three were positive for Epstein-Barr virus specific IgM (two positive, one negative). Six controls had similar neutralising antibody titres to coxsackieviruses (all negative); one was positive for Epstein-Barr virus specific IgM (negative); and three had titres of complement fixing antibody greater than or equal to 256 to cytomegalovirus (all negative). Overall, significantly more patients than controls had enteroviral RNA sequences in muscle (32/60, 53% v 6/41, 15%; odds ratio 6.7, 95% confidence interval 2.4 to 18.2). This was not correlated with duration of disease, patient and age, or to raised titres of antibodies to coxsackieviruses B1-5. CONCLUSIONS--Persistent enteroviral infection of muscle may occur in some patients with postviral fatigue syndrome and may have an aetiological role.
Letter: Transplacental passage of chlordiazepoxide.
Authors: G M Stirrat, P T Edington, D J Berry
Journal: BMJ (1974)

clude the possibility of a direct effect of metoclopramide and propantheline on absorption across the intestinal mucosa.We have tested the effects of these compounds and of phenobarbitone on D-xylose absorption from rat small intestine in vitro.Everted sacs were used with Krebs phosphate buffer containing calci,um and glucose.' Transport of 50 mM xylose was measured with a concentration gradient- that is, with buffer only and no xylose initially within the sac.The drugs were added to the mucosal and serosal solutions of alternative sacs at a concentration of 1 rmnol/l.Phenobarbitone and metoclopramide significantly reduced xylose transport but propantheline had no such effect.Our finding of inhibition by metoclo- pramide agrees with the clinical findings of Kendall' in individuals with normal gastro- intestinal function.He also showed that propantheline increased urinary excretion, and presumably intestinal absorption, of xylose in one case of carcinoid syndrome.No such effect of propantheline was ob- served in our investigation in vitro.The in-situ intestinal loop preparation with anaesthetized rats has been used to study antibiotic absorption.This showed good correlation when predicting antibiotic absorption in man.By contrast, results with the everted sac as a model for gastro- intestinal absorption had to be interpreted with extreme caution.5Our results agree with this latter view.Thus phenobarbitone6 and metoclopramide show similar effects on xylose absorption both in vivo and in vitro but there is no such correlation with pro- pantheline.-Weare, etc.,
Cohort study of depressed mood during pregnancy and after childbirth
Authors: J. Evans, J. Heron, H. Francomb, S. Oke, J. Golding
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To follow mothers9 mood through pregnancy and after childbirth and compare reported symptoms of depression at each stage. <b>Design:</b> Longitudinal cohort study. <b>Setting:</b> Avon. <b>Participants:</b> Pregnant women resident within Avon with an expected date of delivery between 1 April 1991 and 31 December 1992. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Symptom scores from the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale at 18 and 32 weeks of pregnancy and 8 weeks and 8 months postpartum. Proportion of women above a threshold indicating probable depressive disorder. <b>Results:</b> Depression scores were higher at 32 weeks of pregnancy than 8 weeks postpartum (difference in means 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.79 to 0.97). There was no difference in the distribution of total scores or scores for individual items at the four time points. 1222 (13.5%) women scored above threshold for probable depression at 32 weeks of pregnancy, 821 (9.1%) at 8 weeks postpartum, and 147 (1.6%) throughout. More mothers moved above the threshold for depression between 18 weeks and 32 weeks of pregnancy than between 32 weeks of pregnancy and 8 weeks postpartum. <b>Conclusions:</b> Symptoms of depression are not more common or severe after childbirth than during pregnancy. Research and clinical efforts need to be moved towards understanding, recognising, and treating antenatal depression.
Fatal ischaemic brain oedema after early thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator in acute stroke.
Authors: P. J. Koudstaal, J. Stibbe, M. Vermeulen
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Two patients with acute major, disabling cerebral infarction with presumed middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with the clot specific thrombolytic agent tissue plasminogen activator roughly three and a half hours after the onset of symptoms. Both patients had a normal computed tomography (CT) scan before treatment. No appreciable systemic bleeding complications occurred, apart from bruising. One patient had bleeding into the subarachnoid space from a microscopic angioma, which was found at necropsy. Haematological monitoring of the two patients showed pronounced fibrinogenolysis and alpha 2 antiplasmin consumption in one. One patient showed transient improvement during the infusion. In both cases extensive infarction, partly haemorrhagic in one, with massive concomitant oedema was found on repeated CT. Both patients deteriorated and eventually died as a consequence of transtentorial herniation. In the one patient who came to necropsy a moderate, probably pre-existing smooth stenosis of the ipsilateral carotid artery was found, all cerebral vessels being patent. It is concluded that thrombolytic treatment with a clot specific agent such as tissue plasminogen activator started three to four hours after a major ischaemic stroke may be hazardous, not because of haemorrhagic transformation of the original ischaemia but because early reperfusion may promote massive, potentially fatal cerebral oedema.
Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes on Multiple Daily Injections Versus Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Therapy
Authors: Satish K. Garg, Mary K. Voelmle, Christie R. Beatson, Hayley A. Miller, Lauren B. Crew, Brandon J. Freson, Rachel M. Hazenfield
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

OBJECTIVE To compare use of continuous glucose monitoring in subjects with type 1 diabetes on multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy versus continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy for 6 months. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Sixty type 1 diabetic adults with similar baseline characteristics, using either MDI (n = 30) or CSII (n = 30) therapy, were enrolled in this 6-month prospective study. Subjects were instructed to wear the DexCom SevenPLUS continuous glucose monitor at all times throughout the study. All subjects were initially blinded from the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) glucose data. After 4 weeks of blinded CGM use, the CGM was unblinded, making glucose data available to the patient. The CGM remained in the unblinded state for the remainder of the study (20 weeks). Clinic visits occurred every 4 weeks, at which time A1C values were collected and CGM data were downloaded. RESULTS Mean baseline (± SD) A1C was 7.61 (± 0.76) and 7.63 (± 0.68) for CSII and MDI, respectively (P &amp;gt; 0.05). Without any significant therapy change, A1C decrease at 12 weeks was similar in both groups (P = 0.03). When compared with the blinded phase, unblinded use of CGM was associated with similar but significant reductions in glycemic control and variability parameters. In addition, both therapy groups had similar changes in mean glucose and glucose variability indexes at 3 and 6 months (ITT analysis, P &amp;gt; 0.05). Predefined per protocol analysis (sensor use at least 6 days/week) showed greater improvement in time spent in target range glycemia, 3.9–10.0 mmol/L (70–180 mg/dL), in the CSII group. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that CGM provides similar benefits in glucose control for patients using MDI or CSII therapy.
Clinic of Tears
Authors: Anne Peters
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal