tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atypical Chest Pain and Panic Disorder
Authors: Ayuso Mateos, Bayon Perez, Santo-Domingo Carrasco, D. Olivares
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1989)

Cardiovascular symptoms are often present in descriptions of patients with panic disorder, and are considered a central element in current diagnostic criteria. These patients often visit emergency wards complaining of chest pain or discomfort. In many cases, a possible psychiatric diagnosis is not considered, and these patients are often incorrectly diagnosed and treated. The aim of this study is to examine the presence of panic disorder in those patients who visit a general hospital emergency ward with chest pain, and are then released after no organic pathology is found. We present the results obtained from the examination of 112 patients with these characteristics who were given a structured interview developed for the diagnosis of affective and anxiety disorders. In the sample studied, panic disorder was found in 47.3% of the subjects.
The heart of the matter
Authors: B. Dawson-Hughes
Journal: BMJ (2010)

In their meta-analysis Bolland and colleagues conclude: “Calcium supplements without vitamin D are associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction.”1 This conclusion relies heavily on unpublished data from the RECORD trial, the source of over half of the cardiovascular disease events in the meta-analysis.

In this trial, investigators posted calcium, vitamin D, their combination, …
Passage of a Large Bilirubin Stone Through a Narrow Papillotomy
Authors: A. Weizel, A. Stiehl, R. Raedsch
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

Large stones in the bile are generally considered to be a contraindication for endoscopic papillotomy (EPT). In the case described a large biliary stone passed spontaneously into the lumen of the gut after EPT. It is speculated that pure pigment stones are less "rigid" than cholesterol stones and are therefore able to pass through narrower channels than cholesterol stones.
Henry Norman Bethune
Authors: R. J. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am involved in research on the life and career of the late Henry Norman Bethune, MD, FRCS (Edinburgh) 1890 to 1939. Dr. Bethune, a Canadian thoracic surgeon, became well known in North America during the early 1930s for his development of surgical techniques and his invention of various surgical instruments. From 1929 to 1933, he served at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal as the First Assistant of Dr. Edward Archibald. In the latter year he became Head of the Surgery at the Sacred Heart Hospital. In 1936, he went to Spain, then in the midst of the civil war, where he established the Canadian Mobile Blood Transfusion Service. By transporting refrigerated blood to the wounded, Bethune saved many lives. Early in 1938, he left for China to serve with the Eighth Route Army against the Japanese. Even before his tragic death (ironically from septicemia) in
The utilization of ultrasound and microbubbles for therapy in acute coronary syndromes
Authors: T. R. Porter
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Ultrasound has become a useful high resolution imaging modality for examining the cardiac microcirculation. With the use of microbubbles as an ultrasound contrast agent, ultrasound can be utilized to image the microcirculation and detect capillary flow abnormalities in acute ischaemia. A wide range of ultrasound frequencies (including those used for diagnostic transthoracic imaging) have also been utilized therapeutically to augment the effectiveness of fibrinolytic therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Ultrasound and microbubbles are now being explored as methods of improving both microcirculatory and epicardial flow in acute STEMI. This article will review the mechanisms by which ultrasound and microbubbles assist in thrombus detection and dissolution. In addition, the pre-clinical studies utilizing transthoracic ultrasound as a therapeutic entity in acute STEMI will be reviewed. Clinical studies, completed and ongoing, will also be presented.
The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease: its contribution to world lung health.
Authors: J F Murray
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Most readers of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine probably know that beginning in 1986 the number of reported cases of tuberculosis in the United States, which had been declining at a steady rate of 5%-6% per year, increased for the first time in 33 yr; moreover, since then the number of reported cases has continued to increase nearly every year until 1993. Similar increases in tuberculosis have been observed in other countries, such as Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, France, and the United Kingdom. Unfortunately, there has been a global resurgence of tuberculosis and, as is predictable from the prevailing geographic distribution of persons with the disease, the great majority of the "extra" cases, almost 90%, do not live in the rich industrialized nations of North America and Europe or in Japan or Australia; they live in the impoverished countries of Asia, Africa, and South America (1). Among the journal's sophisticated audience, probably only a few know that the health organization with the longest and by far the best track record in actually doing something about the immense problem of tuberculosis in developing nations is the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease or, as it is customarily known, the IUATLD. This article recounts the origins of the IUATLD and describes what it has done to combat tuberculosis and other perils to lung health in some of the poorest countries of the world.
Equal oxygen consumption rates of isovolumic and ejecting contractions with equal systolic pressure-volume areas in canine left ventricle.
Authors: H Suga, T Hayashi, S Suehiro, R Hisano, M Shirahata, I Ninomiya
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Left ventricle systolic pressure-volume area (PVA) has been found to be highly linearly correlated with cardiac oxygen consumption rate per beat (VO2) in a given canine heart with a stable inotropic background. PVA is a specific area in the pressure-volume (P-V) diagram that is bounded by the end-systolic and end-diastolic P-V relationship lines and the systolic segment of the P-V loop, consisting of the sum of external mechanical work and what is considered the end-systolic elastic potential energy in the ventricular wall. In this study, we compared VO2's of steady state entirely isovolumic and variously ejecting contractions that were made to have equal PVA's in the canine left ventricle. We found that VO2's of these isovolumic and ejecting contractions with equal PVA's (isovolumic vs. ejecting = 1008 +/- 64 (SE) vs. 1022 +/- 62 mm Hg ml/beat, n = 32 pairs in 10 hearts) were equal to each other (0.0375 +/- 0.0021 vs. 0.0368 +/- 0.0021 ml O2/beat) regardless of the marked differences in stroke volume (0 vs. 9.8 +/- 0.6 ml), end-diastolic volume (20.3 +/- 0.8 vs. 23.7 +/- 0.9 ml), end-systolic volume (20.3 +/- 0.8 vs. 13.9 +/- 0.7 ml), peak pressure (123 +/- 5 vs. 88 +/- 5 mm Hg), stroke work (0 vs. 636 +/- 36 mm Hg ml/beat), and calculated peak total wall force (1588 +/- 77 vs. 1077 +/- 72 g). Therefore, we conclude that PVA can serve as a reliable predictor of VO2 in a given canine left ventricle with a stable inotropic background whether the contraction mode is isovolumic or ejecting.
Tendon lesions and soft tissue rheumatism--great outback or great opportunity?
Authors: T E Cawston, G P Riley, B L Hazleman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

Tendon lesions and soft tissue rheumatism-great outback or great opportunity?In 1979, Dixon described soft tissue rheumatism as 'the great outback ofRheumatology, a vastfrontier land, iUl-defined and little explained, its features poorly categorised andfarfrom internationally agreed.
Milroy Lectures on HEALTH HAZARDS IN THE COTTON INDUSTRY
Authors: W. F. Dearden
Journal: BMJ (1927)

Daley, published in 1923, to show the diminution in mortality among cotton operatives over ce'rtain periods, the relatively hiigher incidence of certain diseases (bronchitis and diseases of the circulatory system) among them, and the improvement in the health of the weavers, particularly during the last thirty years.He further quoted some morbidity figures which he had himself compiled from the records of the Card and Blowing-room Operatives' Society, based on more than 10,000 cases of sickness causing absence from work during 1922-24; these showed an excessive sickness incidence from bronchitis, pneumonia and pleurisy, rheumatism, influenza and colds, tonsillitis, and digestive troubles.His conclusion was that the health of all classes of cotton operatives was steadily improving, buIt that the various branches of the industry still exhibited a definite partiality for particular diseases and ailments.]Blackburn is ordinarily about 2 degrees less than that of Liverpool, but the humidity averages rather more than * Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London on March 1st, 3rd, and 8th.
Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in spontaneous cytomegalovirus infection.
Authors: M Jeannet, H Stalder
Journal: BMJ (1978)

that some strain differences in long-term persistence of antibody may be expected.It is possible that some of the vaccinees who apparently lose circulating antibody after vaccination may be protected against infection by low levels not detected by the test pro- cedures used.On the other hand second attacks of rubella are documented,'4 15 as is fetal damage from reinfection.'6In the United States and Great Britain peak child-bearing is at the age of 24 years, and since the duration of protection induced by vaccination is not yet assured the policy of vaccinating girls between their eleventh and fourteenth birth- days still seems to have merit in comparison with the American system of vaccinating children before school entry.
MITRAL REGURGITATION OF DEGENERATIVE AS OPPOSED TO FUNCTIONAL ORIGIN NEGATIVELY IMPACTS OUTCOMES OF MITRACLIP THERAPY: SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE WITH 255 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Volker Rudolph, Edith Lubos, Daniel Lubs, Malgorzata Knap, Michael Schl&uuml;ter, Stefan Blankenberg, Stefan Blankenberg, Stephan Baldus
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Change In Plasma C5a Levels After Routine Allergen Immunotherapy Correlates With Dust Mite Dosage, Changes in Wheal Size, And Rhinoconjunctivitis Symptoms
Authors: C. Charlot, C. Bowser, H. Drew, R. Feliz, M. Nowakowski, R. Joks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
A Ballistocardiographic Study of Healthy Young Adult Males
Authors: WILLIAM B. ABRAMS, HERBERT D. EDGER
Journal: Circulation (1953)

Ballistocardiograms were obtained from 319 well-screened young soldiers on an electrically equalized electromagnetic ballistocardiograph. The records were analyzed for the basic pattern and for variations. The conventional criteria of normal were confirmed. The most frequently observed variation consisted of changes in complexes written during expiration which, when of sufficient degree, resemble those described as abnormal. Prominent L waves were also common. Variations of the J and K waves were rare. A grade 1 or 2 abnormality was noted on 22 records, but when respiration was suspended, only three remained questionably abnormal.
Abstract 5716: Interference with repair of sub-lethal radiation damage by ABT-888, an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and theobromine
Authors: Ravi Patel, Song-mao Chiu, Mitchell Machtay, Nancy Oleinick
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Upon DNA damage, PARP-1 and -2 use NAD to build a polymer of ADP-ribose on themselves, histones, and other proteins, altering chromatin and recruiting repair complexes to the damage. Inhibition of PARP activity sensitizes cancer cells or tumor xenografts to radiation therapy (RT) and inhibits DNA repair. RT is usually delivered as fractionated daily doses, allowing sub-lethal damage (SLD) to be repaired between doses. We asked if ABT-888, a specific PARP inhibitor, or theobromine (TB), which radiosensitizes via a PARP-independent mechanism, could inhibit SLD repair. METHODS: Human lung cancer cells A549 and H460 were plated at a range of cell densities, exposed to Cs-137 γ-radiation (0-8 Gy), as single doses or as multiples of 2 Gy/day, with or without drugs, then allowed to form colonies. DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) were estimated as γH2AX foci. RESULTS: In agreement with literature data, 2.5 μM ABT-888 produced a dose enhancement factor (DEF) of 1.4 at 10% survival for single radiation doses, and 10 μM was only modestly better (DEF 1.5). A549 cells showed marked repair of SLD (Table), such that the surviving fraction (SF) after 6 Gy was lower (0.13) than for 3 x 2 Gy (0.52). When ABT-888 or TB was added 1 h before the first irradiation, cells were sensitized to 6 Gy single dose or 3 x 2 Gy. The combination was more effective. ABT-888-sensitized cells responded to 3 x 2 Gy with similar killing as unsensitized cells to a single 6 Gy dose (p = 0.93). The combined effects are reflected in a decrease in mean inactivation dose (MID). Higher levels of γH2AX foci in drug-treated cells indicate inhibition of damage processing. CONCLUSIONS: Radiosensitization of human lung cancer cells by ABT-888 is at least partially via inhibition of SLD repair. Although more ABT-888 produces little additional benefit, addition of TB, which acts through a complementary mechanism, further improves the response. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5716. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5716
Empirical Parenteral Antibiotic Treatment of Patients with Fibromyalgia and Fatigue and a Positive Serologic Result for Lyme Disease: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Robert W. Lightfoot
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Purpose: To examine the cost-effectiveness of empirical, parenteral antibiotic treatment of patients with chronic fatigue and myalgia and a positive serologic result for Lyme disease who lack classic manifestations. Data Sources: Peer-reviewed journals, opinion of experts in the field, and published epidemiologic reports. Study Selection: Consensus by authors on articles that indicated methods for patient selection; on criteria used for diagnosis; on immunologic methods used for classifying patients; on the dose and duration of therapy; and on criteria by which responses to therapy were ascertained. Data Extraction: In a cost-effectiveness model, the costs and benefits of empirical parenteral therapy for patients seropositive for Lyme disease were compared with a strategy in which only patients having classical symptoms of Lyme disease were treated. Data Synthesis: In areas endemic for Lyme disease, the incidence of false-positive serologic results in patients with nonspecific myalgia or fatigue exceeds by four to one the incidence of true-positive results in patients with nonclassical infections. Treatment of the former group of patients costs $86 221 for each true-positive patient treated. The empirical strategy causes 29 cases of drug toxicity for every case in the more conservative strategy. If patients were willing to pay $3485 to eliminate anxiety about not treating possible true Lyme disease, the empirical strategy would break even. Conclusion: For most patients with a positive Lyme antibody titer whose only symptoms are nonspecific myalgia or fatigue the risks and costs of empirical parenteral antibiotic therapy exceed the benefits. Only when the value of patient anxiety about leaving a positive test untreated exceeds the cost of such therapy is the empirical treatment cost-effective.
Familial Disease of the Renal Medulla
Authors: ALAN S. KLIGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Cystic disease of the renal medulla is rarely diagnosed before end-stage renal failure appears. To discover early signs of disease in an affected family, we studied renal function and intravenous pyelography in 12 asymptomatic children of three sisters with this disorder. Defects in urine concentrating ability and X-ray abnormalities indistinguishable from medullary sponge kidney were found. While these changes probably represent early manifestations of medullary cystic disease, a clear separation between medullary cystic disease and medullary sponge kidney cannot be made in our patients. We propose that the designation "familial disease of the renal medulla" be used for such patients, with further classification determined by evidence of progressive disease.
An Ounce of Prevention: Strategies for Solving Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drug Problems
Authors: Karen M. Schrock
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<i>An Ounce of Prevention</i>attempts to quantify the dimensions of drug problems and evaluates the country's approaches to solving them. By addressing tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs, it is one of the most comprehensive recent books on substance use. The first part summarizes the roles of various federal agencies and national organizations in the prevention and treatment of substance use and explains why prevention is where it is on the national agenda. Part two focuses on prevention and treatment of use of the legal drugs tobacco and alcohol. Part three describes illicit drug use in the United States and the key problems in treating drug addiction. The book concludes with a discussion of how to build to a stronger climate for prevention. The dimensions of the problem are contrasted with the relatively small federal investment in prevention and treatment. The federal budget allocates 75% of drug moneys to interdiction and
Abstract LB-221: Inhibition of rapamycin-induced feedback activation of AKT with dasatinib induces complete tumor regression in a preclinical model of breast cancer.
Authors: Jennifer L. Yori, Kristen Lozada, Darcie D. Seachrist, Jonathan Mosley, Fadi W. Abdul-Karim, Christine N. Booth, Chris A. Flask, Ruth A. Keri
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) blockade in breast cancer treatment is commonly mediated by activation of bypass pathways that sustain growth. We propose moving away from the individual targeting of RTKs to inhibit multiple commonly activated, overlapping, and essential downstream pathways. The mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase, Src, are two intrinsic targets that intersect downstream of most RTKs. To date, limited clinical efficacy has been shown with either mTOR or Src inhibitors as single agents. Here we show that dasatinib, a dual Src/c-abl inhibitor, is able to block the well-established de-repression of AKT that occurs with rapamycin inhibition of mTOR. Furthermore, dual inhibition of these distinct, but compensatory arms of RTK signaling results in rapid and complete regression in over 80% of MMTV-PyMT-induced mammary tumors, with only moderate effects on tumor inhibition as single agents. Importantly, Src and mTOR pathway co-activation occurs in nearly half of human breast cancers, independent of tumor sub-type. These studies support the evaluation of combined mTOR and Src inhibitors in breast cancer patients. Such inhibitors are currently FDA approved, expediting the transition to clinical safety and efficacy trials. We expect this approach will prevent molecular evolution of bypass pathways and induce tumor regression. Citation Format: Jennifer L. Yori, Kristen Lozada, Darcie D. Seachrist, Jonathan Mosley, Fadi W. Abdul-Karim, Christine N. Booth, Chris A. Flask, Ruth A. Keri. Inhibition of rapamycin-induced feedback activation of AKT with dasatinib induces complete tumor regression in a preclinical model of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-221. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-221
Therapeutic Options for Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Begoña Monge-Maillo, Rogelio López-Vélez
Journal: Drugs (2013)

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as Kala-Azar, is a disseminated protozoal infection caused principally by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum (known as Leishmania chagasi in South America). The therapeutic options for VL are diverse and depend on different factors, such as the geographical area of the infection, development of resistance to habitual treatments, HIV co-infection, malnourishment and other concomitant infections. This article provides an exhaustive review of the literature regarding studies published on the treatment of VL, and gives therapeutic recommendations stratified according to their level of evidence, the species of Leishmania implicated and the geographical location of the infection.
Interpreting laboratory results.
Authors: D. R. Karnad
Journal: BMJ (1989)

from studies of women taking unopposed oestro- gens.rhe question of progestogens is complex and unresolved, as can be seen by the supplement of Fertility and Sterility that was devoted to such topics.'To date there is information only concern- ing effects on lipids and carbohydrate metabolism but not in any strong sense related to atheroma or clinical disease.Nevertheless, there are grounds for applying pressure on manufacturers to use smaller doses of progestogens: duration rather than quantity seems the important factor in terms of protection against endometrial cancer, and indeed this seems to be the tendency with some newer preparations.Nevertheless, I support the quest for compounds with lower binding affinity for androgen receptor.The subject is rapidly moving and I feel that menopausal patients can safely be given favourable advice about the benefits of hormone replacement treatment, but we should be prepared to make changes in treatment in the light of developments.
Treatment of Warts
Authors: Nicholas G. Demy
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Hugh A. Johnson's comments on the immune globulin treatment of warts that "He who treats intractable warts is willing to grasp at almost any straw...." are true and bring to mind a palindromic grasp on straw and warts: "Straw? No, too stupid a fad. I put soot on warts." There are four rational ways to treat a wart: (1) cut it out with a scalpel; (2) burn it out with acids, alkalis, or electrocautery; (3) treat it as though it were a neoplasm (which it is) with x-rays; (4) treat it with vaccines. The meddling done during (1), (2), and (3) initiates or hastens the immunologic response by inoculating the patient and thus accomplishes (4). Veterinarians have been treating cattle with a stock vaccine for years with good results. When verruca vulgaris, a viral disease, responds to suggestion, magic, hypnosis, and charming, it does so because
OECD ministers fear that economic crisis may reduce investment in prevention of chronic disease
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Health ministers and policy makers from 36 countries met in Paris last week to discuss ways to reduce spending on health care in the current economic climate without damaging the quality of care.

“The message is loud and clear that some objectives are so central and important that we cannot compromise,” said Anne-Grete Strom-Erichsen, Norway’s health minister, at the close of the Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development meeting on 7-8 October, which she chaired.

Amid huge financial pressure on OECD countries, whose health spending is on average 9% of gross domestic product (and more than 10% in seven …