tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Extensive exfoliative dermatitis induced by chlorambucil
Authors: Saadettin Kilickap, Mevlut Kurt, Sercan Aksoy, Mustafa Erman, Alev Turker
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

To the Editor: Idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a lifethreatening disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, fever, neurologic changes, and renal dysfunction and is related to autoantibodies against von Willebrand factor cleaving metalloprotease [1].Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug used to prevent coronary stent thrombosis; however, TTP as its complication has been described [2].Clopidogrel-associated TTP (CA-TTP) presenting with coronary artery thrombosis is extremely rare.Here, a patient with CA-TTP presenting with coronary artery occlusion is described.A 66-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, parathyroidectomy, hypertension, peptic ulcer, anxiety, and depression presented in June 2004 with a subendocardial myocardial infarction.She underwent a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stent placement of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery.She was placed on 300 mg clopidogrel (loading dose) followed by 75 mg qd.She remained asymptomatic until August 2004 when she developed unstable angina and was transferred to our hospital for PTCA.Her medications were digoxin, metoprolol, venlafaxine, furosemide, simvastatin, insulin, clopidogrel, and aspirin.Complete blood count revealed WBC 8.6 Â 10 9 /L, hemoglobin 12.5 g/dL, platelet 72 Â 10 9 /L, with normal WBC differential counts.Coronary angiogram showed 90% occlusion of the LAD artery just proximal to the previously placed stent.She underwent PTCA and stent placement of the lesion and was placed on 12-h eptifibatide infusion.The next day, platelet count was 40 Â 10 9 /L.Hematology consultation was obtained.Her physical examination was unremarkable.Blood smear showed anisopoikilocytosis, polychromasia, and schistocytes 2/high-power-field.Other blood tests were as follows: hemoglobin 9.9 g/dL, serum haptoglobin 20 mg/dL (low), reticulocyte 2.7%, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 5504 U/L, unconjugated bilirubin 2.0 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen 54 mg/dL, creatinine 2.9 mg/dL, and normal clotting profile.CA-TTP was diagnosed based on recent clopidogrel use, coronary artery thrombosis, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal dysfunction.Clopidogrel was discontinued and she received fresh frozen plasma and daily plasmapheresis (PE).Within 96 h, her platelet count was 148 Â 10 9 /L
Recurrent bacteremia due to retained embolized glue following variceal obliteration
Authors: G. Wright, W. Matull, L. Zambreanu, S. O’Neill, R. Smith, J. O’Beirne, M. Morgan
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Cyanoacrylate glue injection is the endoscopic treatment of choice for gastric variceal hemorrhage [1]. Though generally safe [2], glue is rarely associated with systemic embolization and significant bacteremia [3]. Prolonged bacteremia (≥ 4 weeks) has only been reported in two patients [4], in whom retained variceal casts acted as infected foci. Here we report a patient, 24 weeks after variceal injection, with recurrent life-threatening septicemia due to retained "embolized" glue.
A relation between high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and bile cholesterol saturation.
Authors: J R Thornton, K W Heaton, D G Macfarlane
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The association of cholesterol gall stones with coronary artery disease is controversial. To investigate this possible relation at the biochemical level, bile cholesterol saturation and the plasma concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) were measured in 25 healthy, middle-aged women. Bile cholesterol saturation index was negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol. It was positively correlated with plasma triglycerides and with total cholesterol minus HDL cholesterol. These findings provide a biochemical basis for a positive association in women between cholesterol gall stones and coronary artery disease.
A CASE OF TRANSIENT MOTOR APHASIA, COMPLETE ANOMIA, NEARLY COMPLETE AGRAPHIA AND WORD BLINDNESS, OCCURRING IN A LEFT-HANDED MAN; WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE EXISTENCE OF A NAMING CENTER.
Authors: CHARLES S. POTTS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The history of the patient is as follows: Alfred E., aged 42 years, a coal miner by occupation, had always enjoyed good health until the onset of the present illness, which occurred four weeks previous to his coming under observation. He denied venereal infection and the use of alcohol, and his family history was negative. At the time above mentioned—four weeks—while at work, he suddenly became dizzy and weak on the left side, but power was not completely lost. There was no loss of consciousness, but he found that he was unable to talk, although he knew what he wanted to say. He also noticed that he was unable to write anything excepting his name and address. In the course of a day or two he regained the power of speech, excepting that he could neither name objects nor people. He says that he knew the name but could not
Informing Patients About Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Constantine A. Toumbis
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The decision to undergo elective surgery such as total hip arthroplasty ultimately rests with the patient. It is just as important for the patient to be aware of the extent of potential benefits derived from such surgery as it is to be aware of the risks. In the Clinical Crossroads article,<sup>1</sup>the primary care physician encouraged the patient to be evaluated by a specialist, an orthopedic surgeon. What the peer reviewer, Dr Pottenger, sees as the "patient being the lone holdout against the surgeons" is shortsighted at best. A physician frequently is called upon to educate the patient as to the potential risks and benefits of undergoing a certain procedure at a certain time. What Pottenger sees as coercion also could be seen as simply educating the patient and the patient's family. Total hip arthroplasty is a major surgical intervention that is successful in the vast majority of patients.
Bilal's Dream
Authors: Lamar Evans
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Double Dutch—Double Jeopardy</h3> , produced by Ginny Durrin, 1 VHS videocassette or 16 mm, 18 min, color, $295 purchase, $52 rental, $20 preview, Washington, DC, Durrin Productions Inc, 1991 (a program on AIDS for fourth- through sixth-grade students). <i>Bilal's Dream</i>was a great movie, and it gave out a good message to kids. I think that any child who smokes or is thinking about it will think twice after watching this movie, because it gives examples about what could happen to you when you smoke. I think the reasons that children would enjoy this film are that there are all kid actors, and also that the message is given through a song and rap performed by the Boys. It was a great film, and I enjoyed it very much. <i>Double Dutch—Double Jeopardy</i>is very informative about the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and I think I speak for most children when I
Prospective 5-year study of peripheral blood CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+/CD20+ lymphocytes and serum Igs in children born to HIV-1+ women
Authors: William T. Shearer, Kirk A. Easley, Johanna Goldfarb, Howard M. Rosenblatt, Hal B. Jenson, Andrea Kovacs, Kenneth McIntosh
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Abstract 2488: <i>γ</i>-Secretase inhibitor blocks cell proliferation in gastric cancers through mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death
Authors: Ji Young Shin, HwaJung Yi, Kyung-Hee Chun
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers with mortal malignancy. Most patients with advanced gastric cancer have been treated with anti-cancer chemotherapies such as fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin and anthracycline which block mitotic cell division and induce consequent apoptotic cell death. However, there are needed novel gastric therapies and/or develop the new agents to overwhelm the resistance for traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Recent studies have reported that the Notch signaling pathway is associated with human gastric cancer and other cancers. Notch receptors are transmembrane proteins which are cleaved by protelolytic emzymes (gamma-secretase) and release their intracellular domain (ICD) upon activation status by ligand binding. In previous reports, notch intracellular domain (NICD) turns on target genes which are related with tumorigenesis such as COX-2, c-Myc and Snail in cancers, including gastric cancer cells. Thus we speculated that the blockage of notch signal would be useful strategy for chemotherapy of gastric cancers. We initially showed that Notch receptors and ligands are expressed in various gastric cancer cells through RT-PCR and western blotting. We also confirmed that Notch signals are activated in gastric cancer cells by Notch reporter gene analysis. Furthermore, GSI treatment reduced cell survival rate in gastric cancer cells, including AGS, SNU1, SNU601, and SNU638 cells. We observed G2/M mitotic arrest and subG1 arrest by GSI treatment in gastric cancer cells, accompanying with the increase of mitotic gene cyclin B1, cdc2, p21, and apototic caspase-3 activation. To demonstrate the effect of p21 increasing by GSI treatment, cell proliferation and G2/M cell cycle arrest was inhibited by GSI treatment in Myr-AKT lentivirus infection cell. Also, p21 and cyclinB1 protein levels were not increased after rapamycin treatment in Myr-AKT lentivirus infection cell. Collectively, these results suggest that GSI, which block Notch signal, would be a potential therapeutic drug in gastric cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2488.
Treatment of Hepatic Coma With Exchange Transfusion and Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Richard Krebs
Journal: JAMA (1967)

HEPATIC COMA, when associated with acute viral hepatitis, has a high mortality rate,<sup>1</sup>and the usual methods of therapy<sup>2</sup>are helpful only when the coma is due to some exogenous factor such as gastrointestinal hemorrhage which precipitates decompensation of the injured liver. Any therapeutic technique which will improve the general condition of the acutely ill patient with hepatitis may procure the time necessary for liver regeneration. Hepatic coma due to acute viral hepatitis has recently been successfully treated by exchange transfusion with fresh, heparinized blood.<sup>3,4</sup>Since fresh blood is at times difficult to obtain in the necessary quantities, it would be of value if this procedure could be safely performed with stored acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) blood. The following case report illustrates the course of a patient with acute hepatitis treated successfully with exchange transfusion. Stored ACD blood, with an average age of about seven days, was used. In
Detection of Precancerous Cervical Lesions Is Differential by Human Papillomavirus Type
Authors: Mahboobeh Safaeian, Mark Schiffman, Julia Gage, Diane Solomon, Cosette M. Wheeler, Philip E. Castle
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Epidemiologic studies have reported the underrepresentation of cervical precancerous lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) types 18 and 45 (HPV18/45) compared with the proportion of cervical cancers attributed to these HPV types. We investigated the timing of diagnosis of histologic cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) using data from the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance–low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion triage study (ALTS). Of the 2,725 women who underwent enrollment colposcopy, 412 of 472 (87.3%) diagnosed with histologic CIN3+ over the 2-year duration of ALTS could be assigned to a HPV type or group of types and were included in this analysis. Eighty-four percent of HPV16-positive CIN3+ were diagnosed at enrollment, compared with 57% of HPV18/45-positive CIN3+, and 58% of CIN3 positive for other carcinogenic HPV types at enrollment. In contrast, only 8% of HPV16-positive CIN3+ were diagnosed at exit, whereas 31% were HPV18/45 positive and 22% were positive for other carcinogenic types at study exit (P &amp;lt; 0.001). These results indicate the underrepresentation of HPV18/45 in precancers, whereas HPV16-associated CIN3+ is diagnosed much earlier. Whether the underrepresentation of 18/45 may be due to occult pathology needs further investigation. [Cancer Res 2009;69(8):3262–6]
Cigarette smoking and cancer mortality risk in Japanese men and women--results from reanalysis of the six-prefecture cohort study data.
Authors: S Akiba, T Hirayama
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

In 1965 a cohort of 265,000 residents of 29 public health districts in six prefectures throughout Japan was established and followed between 1966 and 1981. By using survival analysis based on Poisson regression models adjusted for age, prefecture of residence, and occupation, a statistically significant dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and mortality rate was found for cancers of the liver, pancreas, and lung in both sexes; cancers of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, larynx, and bladder in men; and cancer of the uterus in women. The magnitudes of relative risks were only slightly affected by adjustment for prefecture of residence or occupation. Analysis using linear relative risk models revealed that the inclusion of a quadratic term for the amount of daily cigarette consumption in addition to the linear term improved the fit of the model significantly for cancers of the esophagus and stomach in men and cancer of the stomach in women. The sex ratio of gastric cancer mortality was higher among smokers than among nonsmokers. When the follow-up period was divided into four 4-year intervals, it was noted that the relative mortality risk associated with lung cancer among males increased significantly during these time periods.
Chemical toxicity of the granulocyte.
Authors: J C Marsh
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The effect of chemicals, including pharmacologic agents, on blood granulocytes, may be considered in terms of the effects on the function of mature cells as well as on their number. In turn, the number of cells can be influenced by chemicals which affect production, destruction or distribution within the blood. Neutrophil functions which can be inhibited by chemical agents include chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation, the metabolic burst related to membrane perturbation and intracellular killing. Some drugs can influence multiple neutrophil functions. Neutrophil production may be inhibited by toxic chemicals with a predictable effect, such as cancer chemotherapeutic drugs, where the effects are dose related, or the process may be influenced in an unpredictable (idiosyncratic) fashion, occurring only in a small proportion of patients exposed. Ineffective granulopoiesis with intramedullary death may be seen as a result of exposure to some drugs, as may increased neutrophil destruction, sometimes via an immunologic mechanism. Predictable neutrophil production inhibition by anticancer agents depends on dose, schedule, route of administration, metabolic integrity of organ systems such as liver and kidney, and the proliferative state of the marrow. For a given drug, factors which determine neutrophil toxicity include its mechanism of action, cytotoxic concentration, pharmacokinetics, metabolic and excretory pathway and target cells in the marrow. The use of assays for clonogenic hematopoietic precursor cells is allowing correlation with more traditional toxicologic methods and may be helpful in predicting specific hematologic toxicity in man, prior to actual clinical trials. The agar diffusion chamber assay for neutrophil-macrophage committed colony-forming cells is particularly useful since it allows in vivo exposure of the target cells to the agents being studied.
Quality Assurance
Authors: Saty Satya-Murti
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Aprotinin for Reducing Blood Loss and the Requirement for Donor-Blood Transfusion in Patients Undergoing Repeat Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Jerrold H. Levy, Roque Pifarre, Hartzell V. Schaff, Jan C. Horrow, Robert Albus, Bruce Spiess, Todd K. Rosengart, Jeffrey Murray, Richard E. Clark, Peter Smith, Andrea Nadel, Sharon L. Bonney, Robert Kleinfield
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Aprotinin is a serine protease inhibitor that reduces blood loss and transfusion requirements when administered prophylactically to cardiac surgical patients. To examine the safety and dose-related efficacy of aprotinin, a prospective, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in patients undergoing repeat coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods and Results Two hundred eighty-seven patients were randomly assigned to receive either high-dose aprotinin, low-dose aprotinin, pump-prime-only aprotinin, or placebo. Drug efficacy was determined by the reduction in donor-blood transfusion up to postoperative day 12 and in postoperative thoracic-drainage volume. The percentage of patients requiring donor–red-blood-cell (RBC) transfusions in the high- and low-dose aprotinin groups was reduced compared with the pump-prime-only and placebo groups (high-dose aprotinin, 54%; low-dose aprotinin, 46%; pump-prime only, 72%; and placebo, 75%; overall P =.001). The number of units of donor RBCs transfused was significantly lower in the aprotinin-treated patients compared with placebo (high-dose aprotinin, 1.6±0.2 U; low-dose aprotinin, 1.6±0.3 U; pump-prime-only, 2.5±0.3 U; and placebo, 3.4±0.5 U; P =.0001). There was also a significant difference in total blood-product exposures among treatment groups (high-dose aprotinin, 2.2±0.4 U; low-dose aprotinin, 3.4±0.9 U; pump-prime-only, 5.1±0.9 U; placebo, 10.3±1.4 U). There were no differences among treatment groups for the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (MI). Conclusions This study demonstrates that high- and low-dose aprotinin significantly reduces the requirement for donor-blood transfusion in repeat CABG patients without increasing the risk for perioperative MI.
Serial measurement of galectin‐3 in patients with chronic heart failure: results from the ProBNP Outpatient Tailored Chronic Heart Failure Therapy (PROTECT) study
Authors: Shweta R. Motiwala, Jackie Szymonifka, Arianna Belcher, Rory B. Weiner, Aaron L. Baggish, Patrick Sluss, Hanna K. Gaggin, Anju Bhardwaj, James L. Januzzi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
STICH (Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure) Trial Enrollment
Authors: Robert H. Jones, Harvey White, Eric J. Velazquez, Linda K. Shaw, Ricardo Pietrobon, Julio A. Panza, Robert O. Bonow, George Sopko, Christopher M. O'Connor, Jean-Lucien Rouleau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Hip
Authors: ANTHONY P. YUDD, MICHAEL G. VELCHIK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare lesion characterized by a chronic proliferative inflammatory reaction of the synovium of unknown etiology. PVNS occurs in young adults and is usually monarticular, frequently involving the hip, knee, ankle, or finger. The presenting complaint is of recurrent episodes of pain and swelling with physical examination revealing decreased range of motion and soft tissue masses. There is usually no history of antecedent trauma. Histology usually reveals pigmentation (hemosiderin) with villous transformation of the synovial lining and a nemorrhagic effusion. The scintigraphic and radiologic findings in a biopsy-proven case of PVNS of the hip are presented.
Topical levocabastine versus sodium cromoglycate in allergic conjunctivitis
Authors: H. ODELRAM, B. BJÖRKSTÉN, T. AF KLERCKER, M. RIMÅS, N.‐I. M. KJELLMAN, L.‐O. BLYCHERT
Journal: Allergy (1989)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of levocabastine, a new H 1 ‐blocking antihistamine for topical use, in comparison with sodium cromoglycate on conjunctival symptoms of birch pollinosis. The two drugs were compared in a randomized double‐blind comparative study over 5 weeks in 37 children and adolescents (6–19 years of age) with birch pollen conjuncitivitis. Nasal symptoms occurred in 31 of the children and were treated with beclomethasone dipropionate nasal spray. An oral antihistamine was offered as rescue medication for eye symptoms. Initially, the patients received placebo four times a day for a 7‐day run‐in period. Conjunctival symptoms were recorded daily on diary cards on a 100 mm visual analogue scale. The pollen counts indicated a short but intensive birch pollen season. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups with regard to eye symptom scores before and during active treatment. However, the patients' evaluation of the efficacy of the therapy was in favour of levocabastine ( P &lt;0.01). Topical levocabastine, an H 1 ‐blocker, applied twice daily, seems to protect from symptoms of allergic conjunctivities as favourably as sodium cromoglycate applied four times a day. There was no difference in number or character of reported adverse reactions between the two treatment groups.
Treatment of chronic hepadnavirus infection in a woodchuck animal model with an inhibitor of protein folding and trafficking
Authors: Timothy M. Block, Xuanyong Lu, Anand S. Mehta, Baruch S. Blumberg, Bud Tennant, Mathew Ebling, Brent Korba, David M. Lansky, Gary S. Jacob, Raymond A. Dwek
Journal: Nature Medicine (1998)
Radionuclide Meckelogram with Particular Reference to False-Positive Results
Authors: SHANTILAL LUNIA, CHANDRAKANTA LUNIA, BELUR CHANDRAMOULY, ROBERT B. CHODOS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

Abdominal imaging with 99mTc-pertechnetate is a most sensitive and noninvasive procedure for detecting Meckel's diverticulum. However, false-positive results are unavoidable. We report two in which false-positive results were obtained and present a summary of reported false-positive results.