tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of age on phosphorylated compounds and mechanical activity of isolated rat heart: a 31P-NMR study
Authors: C Finelli, J Aussedat, A Ray, S Lortet, N Lavanchy, C Guarnieri, C M Caldarera, A Rossi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

The aim was to test the hypothesis that aging may change the function and energetics of isolated hearts subjected to an increased work load induced by varying the calcium concentration ([Ca2+]) in the perfusion fluid from 0.5 to 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mM.Female Wistar rats aged 4, 12-14, and 22-24 months were used. Their hearts were perfused through the aorta and changes in myocardial phosphorylated compound concentration were measured by means of 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and biochemical analysis. Myocardial contractility was measured in situ in closed heart anaesthetised animals and was followed in vitro during perfusion.The contractile indices measured in situ revealed a decrease with aging of the left ventricular developed pressure and dP/dtmax, while heart rate did not show any significant difference. In all age groups the stepwise increase in [Ca2+] caused a graded increase in left ventricular pressure in the perfused hearts. In aged rats, the left ventricular pressure associated with the different concentrations of Ca2+ was significantly lower than in young rats. In all three groups the myocardial content of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) increased in response to a rise in [Ca2+] and left ventricular pressure. The ATP content of the hearts remained constant in all three groups at each value of [Ca2+] induced left ventricular pressure. However, both ATP and total adenine nucleotide contents of the hearts were lower in aged rats. When the alteration in Pi due to each increase in [Ca2+] was expressed in relation to the rise in left ventricular developed pressure, this relationship was not significantly different in the three groups of hearts.The reduced mechanical activity of aged rat hearts is not due to a diminished efficiency of the mechanisms transferring high energy phosphates.
Emerging Therapies for Glioblastoma
Authors: Alissa A. Thomas, Cameron W. Brennan, Lisa M. DeAngelis, Antonio M. Omuro
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, but despite multimodal treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy, the prognosis is poor, with a median survival of 16 to 19 months and poor quality of life throughout the disease course. New treatments are needed.Articles were identified through a search of PubMed references from March 2005 through January 2014, using the terms glioblastoma, glioma, malignant glioma, and brain neoplasm, as well as by search of the authors' files. Clinical trials were identified in the Clinicaltrials.gov registry.Advances in the understanding of the molecular biology of glioblastoma are being rapidly translated into innovative clinical trials, capitalizing on improved genomic, epigenetic, transcriptional, and proteomic characterization of glioblastomas as well as host factors, including the brain microenvironment and immune system interactions. Therapies targeting tumor growth factor receptors and downstream pathways, angiogenesis, modulation of cancer stemlike cells, cell cycle regulation, oncolytic viruses, new radiotherapy techniques, and immunotherapy, including vaccines and modulation of immune checkpoints (eg, programmed cell death 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4), are under investigation. In addition to novel agents, techniques to circumvent the blood-brain barrier to facilitate central nervous system drug exposure are being developed.Glioblastoma is an aggressive tumor with heterogeneous molecular features and complex host interactions, many of which are amenable to therapeutic intervention. Meaningful treatment advances will depend on identifying agents that target mechanistic vulnerabilities that are relevant to specific subgroups of patients; increasing patient enrollment into clinical trials is essential to accelerate the development of patient-tailored treatments.
The Prevalence of Teachers Who Bully Students in Schools With Differing Levels of Behavioral Problems
Authors: Stuart W. Twemlow, Peter Fonagy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

This study looked for a relationship between the prevalence of teachers who bully students and school behavioral problems reflected in suspensions from school.A convenience sample of 214 teachers answered an anonymous questionnaire about their perceptions of teachers who bully students and their own practices. Teachers were grouped into whether they taught at schools with low, medium, or high rates of suspensions. Analyses of variance were used to analyze continuous variables, and chi-square statistics were used to study categorical variables.Teachers from schools with high rates of suspensions reported that they themselves bullied more students, had experienced more bullying when they were students, had worked with more bullying teachers over the past 3 years, and had seen more bullying teachers over the past year.These findings suggest that teachers who bully students may have some role in the etiology of behavioral problems in schoolchildren.
New Stick Test for P.A.S. in Urine
Authors: G. R. W. N. Luntz, R. Austin
Journal: BMJ (1960)

et al. as believing that barrier creams may facilitate penetration of the skin by noxious substances.From these considerations it follows that the use of soap-based barrier creams, so far from preventing industrial dermatitis, may substantially increase the risk.The substitution of ethanolamine soaps may reduce alkalinity, but their effect in potentiating other industrial irritants remains problematical.Until more evidence is available it would certainly seem best to avoid any type of soap in a barrier cream. SummaryThough soap has a considerable antiseptic activity, its action in washing bacteria off the skin surface is probably more important, particularly as regards recent contamination.The power of the skin surface to sterilize itself may be impaired by washing with soap.The normal acidity of the skin surface is changed towards alkaline by exposure to soap; the consequences of this are difficult to assess.The irritant effect of soap on the skin tends to be overestimated.Such as it is, it depends upon primary irritancy of fatty acids and also upon the power which soap has to penetrate into the skin.The inclusion of any soap in barrier creams is inadvisable.
Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL coordinately regulate megakaryocyte survival
Authors: Marlyse A. Debrincat, Emma C. Josefsson, Chloé James, Katya J. Henley, Sarah Ellis, Marion Lebois, Kelly L. Betterman, Rachael M. Lane, Kelly L. Rogers, Michael J. White, Andrew W. Roberts, Natasha L. Harvey, Donald Metcalf, Benjamin T. Kile
Journal: Blood (2012)
Rosiglitazone attenuates liver inflammation in a rat model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: V. Tahan, F. Eren, D. Yavuz, E. Emekli, M. Yuksel, Z. Goren, C. Celikel, G. Haklar, E. Avsar, N. Tozun
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Poverty to have priority in NHS
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

How to break the link between poverty and ill health is shaping up as the major health initiative of Britain's new government.

The prime minister, Tony Blair, has confirmed that the findings of the 1980 Black report on health inequalities is to be updated by Sir Donald Acheson, a former chief medical officer. Casting aside reservations that prevailed during the 18 years of Conservative rule, Mr Blair …
Hazards From Bicycles
Authors: Samuel E. Leard
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The illustrations in the article by Dr David Furnas entitled "Ten Speed Bicycles and Shoulder Bags" (236:2318, 1976) shows another danger. There are no lights, front or back, on the bicycle shown. With the medical profession encouraging daily exercise by older people, bike riding after work and therefore after sundown is on the increase. To prevent accidents, why aren't manufacturers required to paint bicycles with fluorescent paint or to have lights or reflectors at the front, back, and sides?
Activation of FAK and Src are receptor-proximal events required for netrin signaling
Authors: Weiquan Li, Jeeyong Lee, Haris G Vikis, Seung-Hee Lee, Guofa Liu, Jennifer Aurandt, Tang-Long Shen, Eric R Fearon, Jun-Lin Guan, Min Han, Yi Rao, Kyonsoo Hong, Kun-Liang Guan
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2004)
Right Iliac Fossa Pain
Authors: Mohamed O. Soliman, Emad H. Ayyash, Ahmad A. Al Mosawi, Sami Asfar
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
HIV Testing Without Consent in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Scott D. Halpern
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
COPD therapy begins at home with breathing device
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

It sounds like an instrument that one might "learn to play at home during spare time." But, although being designed for home use, a 7.5-cm-long device being evaluated for marketing shows promise for a more serious purpose than entertainment—increasing respiratory muscle strength and endurance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Instead of producing musical notes, users of this device encounter increasing inspiratory resistance as a one-way valve opening gradually is decreased in size while they breathe through a plastic mouthpiece. When 11 patients with COPD in the Los Angeles area tried the device for six weeks, the valve opening was decreased (from 0.53 cm diameter) in seven devices during weekly checkups. In four other control patients, the opening of the device was set at 1.05 cm to begin with and never altered. The experiment was double-blind in the sense that no one knew whether a patient was in a
Endotoxemia Associated with the Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction
Authors: Jeffrey A. Gelfand, Ronald J. Elin, Frank W. Berry, Michael M. Frank
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction may occur after the initiation of treatment for syphilis. The reaction consists of shaking chills, fever, malaise, sore throat, myalgia, headache, tachycardia and exacerbation of the inflammatory reaction at sites of localized spirochetal infection.1 Severe complications, including an exacerbation of neurologic lesions of neurosyphilis, have been described.2 , 3 The reaction generally occurs six to eight hours after treatment is begun with penicillin or other appropriate antibiotics. It has been observed in about 50 per cent of patients treated for primary syphilis, 75 per cent of those with secondary syphilis, and 30 per cent of those with neurosyphilis.1 2 3 4 It . . .
Histological study of effects of colloidal 90 yttrium on knee joint tissues of rabbits.
Authors: K Pavelka, W Meier-Ruge, W Muller, R Fridrich
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

The administration of 0-2-0-4 mCi 90 yttrium (90Y) into a normal rabbit knee joint fails to induce medical synovectomy and results in the proliferation of the synovialis. The synovial mesothelium shows early radiation damage but subsequently follows a restitution of the whole. Later (within 4 to 16 weeks) an extensive fibrosis of the stratum synovialis develops, as well as an occlusion and sclerosis of smaller synovial vessels and capillaries. These changes explain the beneficial therapeutic effect of 90Y in a chronic inflammatory joint effusion. After irradiation that joint cartilage shows an increased cellular proliferation of the superficial tangential cells and in the vicinity of the cruciate ligaments small foci of degenerated cartilage are present. The overall pattern of a joint treated with intra-articular 90Y corresponds to the histological pattern encountered regularly in joints of older people. Changes of the cartilage after the 90Y radiation could represent a factor predisposing the treated joint to a subsequent development of osteoarthrosis.
Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Permanent Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Antoine Da Costa, Gilbert Kirkorian, Michel Cucherat, François Delahaye, Philippe Chevalier, Alexis Cerisier, Karl Isaaz, Paul Touboul
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Infection remains a serious complication after permanent pacemaker implantation. Antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently prescribed at the time of insertion to reduce its incidence, although results of well-designed, controlled studies are lacking.We performed a meta-analysis of all available randomized trials to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce infection rates after permanent pacemaker implantation. Reports of trials were identified through a Medline, Embase, Current Contents, and an extensive bibliography search. Trials that met the following criteria were included: (1) prospective, randomized, controlled, open or blind trials; (2) patients assigned to a systemic antibiotic group or a control group; (3) end point events related to any infection after pacemaker implantation: wound infection, septicemia, pocket abscess, purulent secretion, right infective endocarditis, inflammatory signs, a positive culture, septic pulmonary embolism, or repeat operation for an infective complication. Seven trials met the inclusion criteria. They included 2023 patients with established permanent pacemaker implantation (new implants or replacements). The incidence of end point events in control groups ranged from 0% to 12%. The meta-analysis suggested a consistent protective effect of antibiotic pretreatment (P=.0046; common odds ratio: 0.256, 95% confidence interval: 0.10 to 0.656).Results of the present meta-analysis suggest that systemic antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence of potentially serious infective complications after permanent pacemaker implantation. They support the use of prophylactic antibiotics at the time of pacemaker insertion to prevent short-term pocket infection, skin erosion or septicemia.
Scan the Contents
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ABSTRACT A reader of any periodical does well first to scan the table of contents, to spot articles that may hold special interest for him. This is all the more important for physician-readers who receive so much to read and have so little time to do it.Science, one of the giants of scientific journalism, is read by many physicians principally for its letters, editorials, articles, and news and comment. Yet, if the physician-reader scans the contents of reports, he will sometimes find messages of immense interest. Witness the item by Pirkle and Carstens (185:1062-1064, 1974) describing the pathologic findings in six patients who died suddenly as a result of blockade of small pulmonary arteries and arterioles by platelet aggregates.Scanning the table of contents of reports in the Dec 13, 1974, issue gave the impression that several reports would yield matters of important clinical value. Alas, they did not. They
Traditional Plant Medicines as Treatments for Diabetes
Authors: Clifford J Bailey, Caroline Day
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

More than 400 traditional plant treatments for diabetes mellitus have been recorded, but only a small number of these have received scientific and medical evaluation to assess their efficacy. Traditional treatments have mostly disappeared in occidental societies, but some are prescribed by practitioners of alternative medicine or taken by patients as supplements to conventional therapy. However, plant remedies are the mainstay of treatment in underdeveloped regions. A hypoglycemic action from some treatments has been confirmed in animal models and non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients, and various hypoglycemic compounds have been identified. A botanical substitute for insulin seems unlikely, but traditional treatments may provide valuable clues for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agents and simple dietary adjuncts.
Aging-related Decrease of Human ASC Angiogenic Potential Is Reversed by Hypoxia Preconditioning Through ROS Production
Authors: Sandra De Barros, Stéphanie Dehez, Emmanuelle Arnaud, Corinne Barreau, Alexandre Cazavet, Guillaume Perez, Anne Galinier, Louis Casteilla, Valérie Planat-Bénard
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Adipose stroma/stem cells (ASC) represent an ideal source of autologous cells for cell-based therapy. Their transplantation enhances neovascularization after experimental ischemic injury. Aging is associated with a progressive decrease in the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow. This work aims to determine the aging effect on human ASC capacities. First, we show that aging impairs angiogenic capacities of human ASC (hASC) in a mouse ischemic hindlimb model. Although no change in hASC number, phenotype, and proliferation was observed with aging, several mechanisms involved in the adverse effects of aging have been identified in vitro combining a concomitant decrease in (i) ASC ability to differentiate towards endothelial cells, (ii) secretion of proangiogenic and pro-survival factors, and (iii) oxidative stress. These effects were counteracted by a hypoxic preconditioning that improved in vivo angiogenic capacities of hASC from older donors, while hASC from young donors that have a strong ability to manage hypoxic stress were not. Finally, we identified reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as a key signal of hypoxia on hASC angiogenic capacities. This study demonstrates for the first time that age of donor impaired angiogenic capacities of hASC in ischemic muscle and change in ROS generation by hypoxic preconditioning reverse the adverse effect of aging.
Effects of tetrahydrobiopterin on coronary vascular reactivity in atherosclerotic human coronary arteries☆
Authors: M WORTHLEY, R KANANI, Y SUN, Y SUN, D GOODHART, M CURTIS, T ANDERSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a key mechanism in the development of endothelial dysfunction. The NO synthase cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), increases NO availability, yet its effect in the human coronary circulation, particularly following PCI, remains uncertain. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of intracoronary BH4 in human coronary arteries with non-critical coronary artery disease or following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).The study group consisted of 57 stable patients, 10 of which were controls. Active drug was administered in 47 patients, with either de novo non-critical coronary disease (non-stent group; n=25) or following PCI (stent group; n=22). Coronary blood flow (CBF) was measured (0.014-inch Doppler flow wire) in each of these groups in response to sequential intracoronary infusions of acetylcholine (Ach, 10(-7) & 10(-6) M), BH4 (250 microg/min & 500 microg/min) and a co-infusion of BH4 (500 microg/min) and Ach (10(-7) & 10(-6) M). The primary endpoint evaluated the % change in CBF to Ach compared to co-infusion of Ach and BH4.Mean age was 60+/-10 years (M 45:F 12). Regarding the primary hypothesis, no difference was observed between Ach response compared to co-infusion of BH4 and Ach in the % change in CBF in either the non-stent group (Ach 97+/-122%, Ach/BH4 87+/-95%) or the stent group (Ach 77+/-105%, Ach/BH4 55+/-97%).In native non-critical coronary artery disease or following PCI, coronary microvascular endothelial function is not improved by co-administration of Ach and BH4.