Pathogenesis of Hypertension
Authors: Suzanne Oparil, M. Amin Zaman, David A. Calhoun
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Reviews4 November 2003Pathogenesis of HypertensionSuzanne Oparil, MD, M. Amin Zaman, MD, and David A. Calhoun, MDSuzanne Oparil, MDFrom University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama., M. Amin Zaman, MDFrom University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama., and David A. Calhoun, MDFrom University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-9-200311040-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Clinical PrinciplesA clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertension will probably lead to more highly targeted therapies and to greater reduction in hypertension-related cardiovascular disease morbidity than can be achieved with current empirical treatment.Physiologic PrinciplesMore than 90% of cases of hypertension do not have a clear cause.Hypertension clusters in families and results from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors.The hypertension-related genes identified to date regulate renal salt and water handling.Major pathophysiologic mechanisms of hypertension include activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin–angiotensinaldosterone system.Endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular reactivity, and vascular remodeling may be causes, rather than consequences, of ...References1. 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Oparil (Bristol Myers-Squibb, Biovail, Merck & Co., Pfizer, Reliant, Sanofi, Novartis, The Salt Institute, Wyeth); Grants received: S. Oparil (Abbott Laboratories, AstraZeneca, Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers-Squibb, Eli Lilly, Forest Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, King, Novartis [Ciba], Merck & Co., Pfizer, Sanofi/BioClin, Schering-Plough, Schwarz Pharma, Scios, Inc., G.D. Searle, Wyeth, Sankyo, Solvay, Encysive).Corresponding Author: Suzanne Oparil, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Zeigler Building 1034, 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294.Current Author Addresses: Drs. Oparil, Zaman, and Calhoun: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Zeigler Building 1034, 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPathogenesis of Hypertension Paul G. 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