tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Dual Nature of Specific Immunological Activity of Tumor-derived gp96 Preparations
Authors: Rajiv Y. Chandawarkar, Mihir S. Wagh, Pramod K. Srivastava
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Mice immunized with optimal doses of autologous tumor-derived gp96 resist a challenge with the tumor that was the source of gp96. Immunization with quantities of gp96 5-10 times larger than the optimal dose does not elicit tumor immunity. This lack of effect is shown to be an active, antigen-specific effect, in that immunization with high doses of tumor-derived gp96, but not normal tissue-derived gp96, downregulates the antitumor immune response. Furthermore, immunization with fractionated doses of gp96 elicits the same kind and level of response as elicited by a single dose equivalent to the total of the fractionated doses. This is true of the tumor-protective doses as well as the high downregulatory doses of gp96. The downregulatory activity can be adoptively transferred by CD4(+) but not CD8(+) T lymphocytes from mice immunized with high doses of gp96. These observations indicate that immunization with gp96 induces a highly regulated immune response that, depending upon the conditions of immunization, results in tumor immunity or downregulation.
Asthma in every fifth child in Oslo, Norway: a 10‐year follow up of a birth cohort study*
Authors: K. C. L. Carlsen, G. Håland, C. S. Devulapalli, M. Munthe‐Kaas, M. Pettersen, B. Granum, M. Løvik, K.‐H. Carlsen
Journal: Allergy (2005)

The western world's increase in childhood asthma is suggested to level off. We aimed to investigate asthma prevalence in 10-year-old children within the prospective birth cohort Environment and Childhood Asthma (ECA) Study in Oslo established in 1992/1993.Six hundred and sixteen (77%) of 803 children (mean age 10.9 +/- 0.9 (SD) years) with lung function measurements at birth were reinvestigated at age 10 years. At birth they corresponded to the entire birth cohort (n = 3754) regarding gender, socio-demographic factors, parental allergic diseases, pet keeping and maternal smoking. Results from structured parental interview, spirometry, and skin prick test for inhalant and food allergens are presented. Asthma definition required minimum two positive criteria, (i) doctor's diagnosis of asthma, (ii) wheeze and/or chest tightness, (iii) use of anti-asthmatic treatment. Current asthma required asthma definition plus either (ii) and/or (iii) in the last 12 months, and/or > or = 10% fall in forced expired volume in 1 s after treadmill running.Lifetime prevalence of asthma was 20.2%; current asthma 11.1%, doctor diagnosis of asthma 16.1% and wheezes ever 30.3%. Allergic sensitization (29.3% overall) was more common among children with current (56.3%) compared to asymptomatic (last 12 months) (26.0%) or no asthma (27.6%) (P < 0.001). Boys more often than girls had current asthma (14.4 vs 7.1%, P = 0.004), wheeze ever (36.9 vs 22.5%, P = 0.002) and allergic sensitization (36.2 vs 22.1%, respectively, P < 0.001).Childhood asthma apparently continues to increase in Oslo, having affected every fifth 10-year-old child.
Sports activities 5 years after total knee or hip arthroplasty: the Ulm Osteoarthritis Study
Authors: K. Huch, K. A.C. Müller, T. Stürmer, Hermann Brenner, W. Puhl, K. P. Günther
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

To analyse sports activities of patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) over lifetime, preoperatively, and 5 years after arthroplasty.In a longitudinal four centre study, 809 consecutive patients with advanced OA of the hip (420) or the knee (389) joint under the age of 76 years who required total joint replacement were recruited. A completed questionnaire about sports activities at 5 year follow up was received from 636 (79%) of the 809 patients.Although most patients with hip (97%) and knee (94%) OA had performed sports activities during their life, only 36% (hip patients) and 42% (knee patients) had maintained sports activities at the time of surgery. Five years postoperatively, the proportion of patients performing sports activities increased to 52% among patients with hip OA, but further declined to 34% among those with knee OA. Accordingly, the proportion of patients with hip OA performing sports activities for more than 2 hours a week increased from 8 to 14%, whereas this proportion decreased from 12 to 5% among patients with knee OA. Pain in the replaced joint was reported by 9% of patients with hip and by >16% with knee OA.Differences in pain 5 years after joint replacement may explain some of the difference of sports activities between patients with hip and knee OA. Reasons for reduction of sports activities may include the increasing age of the patients, their worries about an "artificial joint", and the advice of their surgeon to be cautious.
ABC of Work Related Disorders: HAZARDS OF WORK
Authors: D. Snashall
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Most readers of this series will consider themselves lucky to have an interesting job.However tedious others may find it, work defines a person-which is one reason why most people who lack the opportunity to work feel disenfranchised.As well as determining our standard of living, work takes up about a third of our waking time, widens our social network, constrains where we can live, and conditions our personalities."Good" work is life enhancing, but bad working conditions damage your health.
Case 16331
Authors: Giles W. Thomas, Paul D. White, Tracy B. Mallory
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1930)

Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital from The New England Journal of Medicine — Case 16331 — An Unusual Combination of Dyspnea, Cyanosis, Clubbing of the Fingers, Back Pain, Paralysis below the Waist and Water-Hammer Pulsation of the Pulmonary Artery
Beneficial effects of the heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide system in patients with severe sepsis/septic shock
Authors: Shoji Takaki, Naoshi Takeyama, Yuka Kajita, Teru Yabuki, Hiroki Noguchi, Yasuo Miki, Yasusuke Inoue, Takashi Nakagawa, Hiroshi Noguchi
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
Australian euthanasia law throws up many difficulties
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A report into seven patients who requested euthanasia in the Northern Territory of Australia shows that despite the careful design of the Rights of the Terminally Ill Act, accurate prediction of prognosis was subject to disagreement and the effects of depression were difficult to assess.

The provision of euthanasia for terminally ill people was legal in the Northern Territory for nine months between July 1996 and March 1997, when the act was repealed. During this time seven patients, all with cancer, made formal use of the act, and four …
Cardiac tissue engineering: characteristics of in unison contracting two- and three-dimensional neonatal rat ventricle cell (co)-cultures
Authors: M.J.A van Luyn, R.A Tio, X.J Gallego y van Seijen, J.A Plantinga, L.F.M.H de Leij, M.J.L DeJongste, P.B van Wachem
Journal: Biomaterials (2002)
Facilities for junior doctors in new hospitals
Authors: J H Tweedie, A Milosevic, D Shuttleworth
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Effect of two-week course of pivmecillinam or mecillinam in a group of 18 convalescent faecal excreters of non-typhoid salmonellas No of Daily No of patients Drug dosage courses becoming nonexcreters Pivmecillinam 400 mg x 3 6 0 Mecillinam 185 mg x 3 4 1 Mecillinam 370 mg x 3 6 2 Mecillinam
Tribunal puts conditions on psychiatrist who circumcised in unregistered clinic
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A psychiatrist who carried out unregulated circumcisions must work under imposed conditions for two years, the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service has ruled.

Hassan Abdulla, 63, admitted failing to obtain informed consent and a medical history in the case of one patient and failing to maintain an appropriate surgical environment or sterile instruments in the clinic he ran from a private home in Leicester.

Last year Abdulla was convicted at Leicester Magistrates’ Court of performing a regulated surgical activity without being registered with the Care Quality Commission. He admitted circumcising 41 boys between 25 …
SERIAL STUDIES OF SEATTLE HEART FAILURE MODEL IMPROVE THE PREDICTION OF PUMP FAILURE DEATH, NOT SUDDEN DEATH, IN STABLE OUTPATIENTS WITH MILD TO MODERATE CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: A 10-YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Takahisa Yamada, Yuji Okuyama, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Koji Tanaka, Yusuke Iwasaki, Taku Yasui, Michihiro Ueda, Takeshi Okada, Masato Kawasaki, Yuki Kuramoto, Wayne C. Levy, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Association of polymyalgia rheumatica and giant-cell arteritis with HLA-B8.
Authors: B Hazleman, A Goldstone, D Voak
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Histocompatibility antigens were determined in 30 patients with temporal arteritis, 27 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica, and 216 normal blood donors. HLA-B8 was significantly more common in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (59%) and temporal arteritis (50%) than in the controls (27%). The findings of HLA-A10 in 26% of the patients with polymyalgia rheumatica compared with only 10% of the controls may be associated with the suggested immunological pathogenesis of the condition.
Predictors of clinical outcome in patients undergoing peripheral vascular interventions: Insights from the university of Michigan peripheral vascular disease quality improvement initiative (PVD-Q12)
Authors: Debabrata Mukherjee, Sujoya Dey, Prasanth Lingam, Stanley J. Chetcuti, Paul M. Grossman, Mauro Moscucci, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Ann E. Luciano, Kim A. Eagle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Cardiopulmonary performance at rest and during exercise in seven patients with increased transradiancy of one lung (`Macleod's syndrome')
Authors: D. A. Warrell, J. M. B. Hughes, D. Y. Rosenzweig
Journal: Thorax (1970)

A group of seven patients with increased transradiancy of one lung included four with chronic bronchitis. The function of the two lungs combined was assessed by measurement of the lung volumes, airway resistance, and carbon monoxide uptake at rest, and by measurement of pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, blood gases, and cardiac output at rest and during steady state exercise. The contribution of the hypertransradiant lung to the overall functional abnormalities at rest was estimated using a radioactive gas technique. All the patients had airway obstruction. Pulmonary gas exchange was only mildly affected at rest because of equal reduction of ventilation and perfusion in the abnormal lung, but during exercise ventilation-perfusion inequality increased in some of the patients. Cardiac output was low in five patients during exercise and in four there was excessive lactate production. The greatest physiological abnormalities were seen in two of the chronic bronchitics who had abnormalities of ventilation and perfusion in both lungs. We suggest that a pulmonary vascular abnormality resulting in reduced cardiac output, as well as ventilatory impairment due to airway obstruction, may contribute to the limited exercise capacity of these patients.
Jaundice Associated with Isocarboxazid Therapy
Authors: Raymond T. Benack, Vincent Lynch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE introduction of iproniazid phosphate§ therapy for the treatment of tuberculosis also revealed its effectiveness in mental disorders, particularly depressions. After the use of iproniazid became more widespread, reports of cases of associated jaundice began to appear.1 2 3 The effectiveness of iproniazid, an amine oxidase inhibitor, in the therapy of mental depressions caused further investigation for a less toxic analogue. The results of these investigations produced isocarboxazid (1-benzyl-2, 5-methyl-3-isoxazolylcarbonyl hydrazine).¶ This drug is related in its mode of action to iproniazid, with which it compares favorably in its effectiveness both in angina pectoris and in depressions, but it has substantially fewer . . .
Mitral Subvalvular Apparatus
Authors: Jean F. Obadia, Cendrine Casali, Jean F. Chassignolle, Marc Janier
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The aim of this study was to compare the function of the primary chordae attached to the free edge with that of the secondary chordae attached to the ventricular surface of the anterior mitral leaflet. Methods and Results An isolated working pig heart model was used. Three groups of 7 hearts were compared: Group A was the control group with intact leaflets. In group B, the primary chordae of the anterior leaflet were sectioned and the secondary chordae were left intact before assembly of the working heart model. In group C, the secondary chordae were sectioned and the primary chordae left intact. In group B, atrial and ventricular pressure evidenced dramatic mitral regurgitation. Video monitoring showed significant prolapse of the free edge of the anterior leaflet. Acute mitral regurgitation accounted for the decrease in aortic flow rate to 30 mL/min, significantly lower than in the control group ( P =.006). In group C, sectioning of the secondary chordae left a competent mitral valve together with good coaptation of the anterior and posterior leaflets shown by video monitoring. However, aortic flow was lower than in the control group ( P =.007), and ultrasonomicrometry evidenced impaired function ( P =.009). Conclusions This study suggests that the primary and secondary chordae of the mitral subvalvular apparatus have different functions. The primary chordae of the anterior leaflet appeared to be more involved in mitral valve competence, whereas the secondary chordae appeared to be more involved in left ventricular geometry and function.
ABC of heart failure: Management: digoxin and other inotropes, beta blockers, and antiarrhythmic and antithrombotic treatment
Authors: C R Gibbs
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Use of digoxin for heart failure varies between countries across Europe, with high rates in Germany and low rates in the United Kingdom. It is potentially invaluable in patients with atrial fibrillation and coexistent heart failure, improving control of the ventricular rate and allowing more effective filling of the ventricle. Digoxin is also used in patients with chronic heart failure secondary to left ventricular systolic impairment, in sinus rhythm, who remain symptomatic despite optimal doses of diuretics and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, where it acts as an inotrope.

Digoxin should be considered in patients with sinus rhythm plus (a) continued symptoms of heart failure despite optimal doses of diuretics and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; (b) severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction with cardiac dilatation; or (c) recurrent hospital admissions for heart failure



Incidence of death or admission to hospital due to worsening heart failure in two groups of patients: those receiving digoxin and those receiving placebo (Digitalis Investigation Group's study—see key references box at end of article)



#### Study of effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure*

Number of participants: 6800

Design: prospective, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled

Participants: left ventricular ejection fraction <45%

Intervention: randomised to digoxin (0.125-0.500 mg) or placebo; follow up at 37 months

Results:

Evidence of symptomatic benefit from digoxin in patients with chronic heart failure in sinus rhythm has been reported in several randomised placebo controlled trials and several smaller trials. The RADIANCE and PROVED trials, for example, reported that the withdrawal of digoxin from patients with congestive heart failure who had already been treated with the drug was associated with worsening heart failure and increased hospital readmission rates. The Digitalis Investigation Group's …
Malignant granular lymphoproliferation after Epstein‐Barr virus infection: Partial immunologic reconstitution with interleukin‐2
Authors: Frederick R. Aronson, Roy A. Dempsey, Mark Allegretta, Janine André‐Schwartz, Peeter A. Poldre, Christopher D. Hillyer, David R. Parkinson, Richard A. Rudders, Robert S. Schwartz, James W. Mier
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract This report describes a patient who developed a malignant proliferation of granular lymphocytes following Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection. For many months, his illness resembled prolonged infectious mononucleosis with persistent fatigue, fever, leukocytosis, and serologic evidence of recent primary EBV infection. After approximately I year, however, he developed progressive granular lymphocytosis and extensive lymphocytic infiltration of the bone marrow and liver. Tests for EBV DNA in pre‐ and postmortem tissue samples using a sensitive DNA hybridization technique were negative. Southern blot analysis of DNA prepared from blood mononuclear cells demonstrated clonal T‐cell antigen receptor gene rearrangement. Despite increased numbers of circulating lymphocytes with the morphology and surface phenotype of normal donor natural killer (NK) cells, the patient's NK activity was consistently depressed in a standard in vitro assay. However, in vitro incubation with interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), but not with α‐ or ‐γ‐interferon, increased the NK activity of the patient's lymphocytes. Intravenous recombinant IL‐2 treatment transiently increased the patient's blood NK activity and was associated with seroconversion to EBV nuclear antigens but failed to affect the progression of his disease. Our findings indicate that clonal granular lymphocytic proliferation may develop after EBV infection and confirm the utility of DNA hybridization analysis in distinguishing monoclonal from benign immunoreactive lymphoproliferation. Furthermore, our results suggest that certain functionally inert neoplastic granular lymphocytes acquire NK activity when exposed to IL‐2.
Clinical Disorders of the Heart Beat.
Authors: Massimo Calabresi
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The first edition of this textbook, highly recommended by reviewers, has been found useful both by cardiologists and by other physicians and students. This new revision has essentially the same organization. There are chapters on pertinent anatomy and physiology, the hemodynamic effects of arrhythmias, and etiology, pathogenesis, and therapy. The major part of the book deals with individual arrhythmias in great detail. After a brief section on diagnostic procedures, the arrhythmias observed in a long list of clinical and physiological states are described. Some chapters (exercise, hypothermia) have been added here. The section on drug therapy, previously limited to digitalis, quinidine and procainamide, now includes chapters on sympathetic and parasympathetic mimetics and inhibitors, and on other agents affecting the cardiac mechanism. A new section on other therapeutic procedures concludes the text. A glossary of terms and a list of abbreviations have been added.  A new edition, while offering opportunity for
Methotrexate treatment in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: subcutaneous application is as effective as intravenous administration
Authors: A. Huber, T. Tüting, R. Bauer, T. Bieber, J. Wenzel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Methotrexate treatment in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: subcutaneous application is as effective as intravenous administration Get access A. Huber, A. Huber Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud‐Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Tüting, T. Tüting Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud‐Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Bauer, R. Bauer Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud‐Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Bieber, T. Bieber Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud‐Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Wenzel J. Wenzel Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud‐Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany Joerg Wenzel. E‐mail: joerg.wenzel@ukb.uni‐bonn.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 4, 1 October 2006, Pages 861–862, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07431.x Published: 01 October 2006
Pitfalls of the Teaching Nursing Home
Authors: Judith C. Ahronheim
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Recently, the establishment of a model nursing home that would be a site for teaching and research has been proposed by the National Institute on Aging.1 The idea of instituting academic nursing homes has gained impetus because of the burgeoning elderly population and the historical lack of research and training in the area of long-term care. The Institute's proposal states that just as research on the polio vaccine brought an end to the iron lung, "today's nursing home — the contemporary 'iron lung' of geriatrics — will be transformed by a strong research effort." Considering the fact that nursing-home care . . .
Males in rural Bangladeshi communities are more susceptible to chronic arsenic poisoning than females: analyses based on urinary arsenic.
Authors: C Watanabe, T Inaoka, T Kadono, M Nagano, S Nakamura, K Ushijima, N Murayama, K Miyazaki, R Ohtsuka
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Spot urine samples were collected from the inhabitants of two rural communities in northwestern Bangladesh. We compared arsenic levels in the urine samples ([As](u); n = 346) with those in water from tube wells ([As](tw); range < 1-535 microg/L; n = 86) on an individual basis. The small variation of [As](u) within subjects and highly positive correlation with [As](tw) indicate that [As](u) is a useful indicator of exposure. Analyses of [As](u) showed that creatinine correction was necessary, that [As](u) only reflected recent exposure, and that there were substantial interindividual differences for a given [As](tw) level. To evaluate the toxic effects of arsenic exposure, we constructed a system for rating skin manifestations, which revealed distinct sex-related differences. Comparison of males and females in the same households confirmed that skin manifestations were more severe in the males, and in the males of one community a dose-response relationship between [As](u) and the degree of skin manifestation was evident. The results of this study indicate that [As](u) in spot urine samples can be used as an exposure indicator for As. They suggest that there might be sex-related, and perhaps community-related, differences in the relationship between [As](u) and skin manifestations, although several confounding factors, including sunlight exposure and smoking habits, might contribute to the observed sex difference. The existence of such differences should be further confirmed and examined in other populations to identify the subpopulations sensitive to chronic arsenic toxicity.
A Post-Graduate Lecture on the Present Position of the Treatment of Carcinoma of the Cervix: Delivered at the Manchester Royal Infirmary, June, 1921
Authors: Wm. F. Shaw
Journal: BMJ (1921)

IN tlle last fifteen years, with the general adoption of AW-ertlheim's h1ysterectomy and the discovery of tlje effect of raditum on the disease, the prognosis in cancer of tlle cervix lhas been greatly impproved, thouglh it is still any.tlhingy but satisfactory, and can lhardly be so as long as the cause of tlle disease is not definitely known.At the persent time somue of tlle best scientific minds in the pro.fession are working on tlle problem, and there is every hope they will ultimately solve it; until then the treat.ment mllust necessarily be in the nature of groping in the dark; but in spite of this great hiandicap the clinician lhas miiade steady progress, and it is witlh the object of comiiparing the remsnlts of treatment obtained to-day wvitl those obtained before tlle adoption of Wertlheim's hysterectom-y and radium that I have clhosen tllis subject now.DIAGNOSIS.