tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hastings Center initiates AIDS study
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To explore existing tensions and seek future rapprochement between the requirements of public health policy and the realities of private sexual behavior, a study project on "AIDS: Public Health and Civil Liberties" is starting this month at the Hastings Center, Institute of Society, Ethics, and the Life Sciences, Hastings-on-Hudson, NY. Carol Levine, editor of the<i>Hastings Center Report</i>and codirector of the project with Ronald Bayer, PhD, an associate for policy studies at the center, explained its unique purpose: "What differentiates our study from other attempts to look at the ethical implications for society of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is that we will make every effort to look beyond the immediate AIDS crisis and consider it in the larger perspective of the interaction of social and political forces and disease." She continues: "As an institution concerned with ethical questions, we think it's important to do this because we see AIDS as
Homozygous variegate porphyria: a case report
Authors: P.G. NORRIS, G.H. ELDER, J.L.M. HAWK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Homozygous variegate porphyria is described in a 14-year-old girl with a unique clinical presentation of photosensitivity from the second year of life, mental retardation, clinodactyly, and normal growth rate. The erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentration was raised with the protoporphyrin being predominantly zinc-chelated, which appears to be characteristic for all homozygous hepatic porphyrias. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity in lymphoblasts was decreased in both patient and parents despite the latter having normal porphyrin excretion.
INCREMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION ASSESSED BY REACTIVE HYPEREMIA PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL TONOMETRY FOR PREDICTING CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN STABLE PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Yasushi Matsuzawa, Seigo Sugiyama, Eiichi Akiyama, Satoshi Umemura, Kazuo Kimura, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ANTHROPOMETRY OF THE YOUNG ADULT COLLEGE RUGBY PLAYER IN WALES
Authors: W. Bell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1973)

Twenty-one anthropometric measurements were taken on 33 first class and 29 second class young adult college rugby players. Each player was classified according to position. There were significant differences between first and second class players in a number of measurements and it was felt necessary therefore to consider the two groups apart. Forwards were considered separately from backs. Physique was determined according to Parnell. Overall, forwards had about a one-half unit more Fat than backs. Mean ratings for the first class forward were 4.5/5.0/2.5 and backs 4.0/5.0/2.5; second class forwards 4.5/4.5/2.5 and backs 4.0/4.5/3.0. Lean body weight and total body fat were derived according to Wilmore and Behnke. In both groups forwards had higher lean body weights and total body fat values than backs. In the first class player percent body fat was approximately the same for forwards and backs (16%). There was a 5% differential between second class forwards (17%) and backs (12%). The sum of cross-sectional diameters of arm, calf and thigh, and of four transformed skinfolds gave similar results, for forwards and backs in both groups, as lean body weight and total body fat. An analysis of variance was carried out within groups and between positions for all measurements. There were a greater number of significant differences within the first class player. Forwards differed, for example, in height, weight, lean body weight, total body fat and femur; backs in height, lean body weight, bi-iliac and arm length. The second class player differed in other measurements, for instance, humerus and upper-arm circumference.
TELANGIECTATIC LESIONS OF THE SKIN OCCURRING IN THE SUBJECTS OF GRAVES' DISEASE
Authors: JAMES NEVINS HYDE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1908)

Journal Article TELANGIECTATIC LESIONS OF THE SKIN OCCURRING IN THE SUBJECTS OF GRAVES' DISEASE Get access JAMES NEVINS HYDE, A.M., M.D. JAMES NEVINS HYDE, A.M., M.D. Professor of Diseases of the Skin, Rush Medical College, Chicago; Dermatologist to the Presbyterian, Augustana, and Michael Reese Hospitals Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 20, Issue 2, 1 February 1908, Pages 33–40, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1908.tb16545.x Published: 01 February 1908
Goals and Controls — Grants and Contracts
Authors: Howard M. Spiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

THE outlook of the laboratory has dominated medical education over the past 25 years in part because of the large amount of money available for research. Considered by academic physicians as much a Scythian mound as a Parthenon, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) may have led the nation's academic crowd as much by the gold in its cellar as by the grandeur of its views. For now, as funds for research have shrunk and laboratories have closed, resourceful academics are talking about primary care. Something went wrong, but instead of working for a return to the golden city of . . .
Anthralin inflammation versus UV-erythema in psoriatics
Authors: S. SCHAUDER, G. MAHRLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Anthralin has been applied in low and high concentrations with and without UV-irradiation in the treatment of psoriasis (Schauder & Mahrle, 1982a,b). We have studied the relationship between the sensitivity to anthralin and UV-irradiation which might possibly help us to give a more individually adapted therapy.
Studies on the Metabolism and Mechanism of Action of Methyldopa
Authors: ALBERT SJOERDSMA, AADO VENDSALU, KARL ENGELMAN, Miss Doris Watts
Journal: Circulation (1963)

The metabolism and particularly the decarboxylation of methyldopa were studied in hospitalized patients with uncomplicated hypertension. Both unlabeled and radioactive drugs were employed in these studies. Absorption from the intestine, as indicated by plasma levels of the drug and recovery of radioactivity in urine, was shown to be incomplete. The drug disappeared from the plasma with a half-time of less than 2 hours. On the average, about half of the radioactivity administered orally as 2-C 14 -methyldopa could be recovered in the urine. That portion not excreted in the urine appeared in the feces. Urinary excretion of radioactivity was rapid and essentially complete within 24 hours. Confirming previous studies with dl -α-methyl-dopa, the major urinary excretory products of l -α-methyl-dopa (methyldopa, Aldomet) were found to be the drug itself and conjugates thereof. Small fractions appear as other metabolites, the most significant of which is the decarboxylated derivative, αmethyl-dopamine. The pharmacologically inert d -isomer of α-methyl-dopa was found not to be decarboxylated. Alpha-methyl-dopa hydrazine was shown to reduce significantly the excretion of α-methyl-dopamine during treatment with methyldopa but the effects of the latter drug on blood pressure were not altered. On the basis of unchanged urinary excretions of vanilmandelic acid, decarboxylase inhibition during treatment with methyl-dopa was judged to be inadequate to inhibit endogenous synthesis of norepinephrine. The relationships between metabolism of the drug and clinical response are discussed. The hypothesis is presented and defended that the hypotensive effects of methyldopa are mediated by amine metabolites of the compound, which are formed following its decarboxylation. Probably norepinephrine depletion is the final denominator but other possibilities exist.
A mechanism of torsades de pointes in a canine model.
Authors: G H Bardy, R M Ungerleider, W M Smith, R E Ideker
Journal: Circulation (1983)

A dog model of torsades de pointes (TdP) was developed. Twenty 18-30-kg dogs had cardiopulmonary bypass instituted to maintain stable temperature, perfusion pressure and oxygenation. Quinidine, 30 mg/kg, was then administered and burst ventricular pacing was used to induce arrhythmias. The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 15 minutes and repeat pacing studies were performed. Maps of epicardial activation were made from 27 simultaneously recorded electrograms obtained from 1-mm bipolar electrodes secured to the epicardium with a nylon mesh sock. Arrhythmias in five dogs met criteria for the diagnosis of TdP: All had the characteristic undulating QRS morphology typically associated with TdP, all occurred in the setting of QT prolongation and all ended spontaneously. The epicardial maps demonstrated that each change in QRS morphology was associated with a change in the site of epicardial breakthrough. Those QRS complexes during the transition from one morphology to the next were associated with fusion cycles in which both the old and new sites of epicardial breakthrough were present. In essence, two or more competing activation sequences were vying for control of epicardial depolarization. This conclusion was strengthened by our ability to simulate TdP in the surface ECG and in epicardial maps by simultaneously pacing from two widely separated ventricular sites at slightly different, varying rates.
Prognosis in women with interval breast cancer: population based observational cohort study
Authors: M. Kalager, R. M. Tamimi, M. Bretthauer, H.-O. Adami
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To compare the prognosis in women with interval breast cancer (cancer detected after a normal screening mammogram and before the next scheduled mammogram) with breast cancer detected among women not yet invited to mammography screening (non-screened). <b>Design</b> Population based observational study. <b>Setting</b> Norwegian breast cancer screening programme, implemented in different counties from 1996 to 2005. <b>Participants</b> 7116 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer at age 50 to 72 years; 1816 had interval breast cancer and 5300 had a diagnosis of breast cancer but had not yet been invited to screening. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Characteristics of the breast tumours, and survival of the women using Kaplan Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. <b>Results</b> Although interval cancers on average were slightly larger than the cancers in women not invited to screening, the histological type or status of axilliary lymph nodes did not differ noticeably between the two groups. Among interval cancers, there were no appreciable trends in size, nodal status, grade, or hormone receptor positivity associated with time since the last normal mammogram as a marker of growth rate. After 10 years of follow-up, the survival rates were 79.1% (95% confidence interval 75.4% to 82.3%) among women with interval cancers and 76.8% (75.3% to 78.2%) among women in the non-screened cancer group (hazard ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.84 to 1.15; P=0.53). Analyses stratified by time since last normal mammogram, age at diagnosis, or screening round showed similar results. <b>Conclusion</b> The prognosis of women with interval breast cancers was the same as that of women with breast cancers diagnosed without mammography screening.
Whole Grain Consumption and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Women
Authors: Simin Liu, JoAnn E. Manson, Meir J. Stampfer, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Frank B. Hu, Eric B. Rimm, Walter C. Willett
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Although increased intake of grain products has been recommended to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), prospective data examining the relation of whole grain intake to risk of ischemic stroke are sparse, especially among women.To examine the hypothesis that higher whole grain intake reduces the risk of ischemic stroke in women.A prospective cohort of 75,521 US women aged 38 to 63 years without previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, stroke, or other CVDs in 1984, who completed detailed food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) in 1984, 1986, 1990, and 1994, and were followed up for 12 years as part of the Nurses' Health Study.Incidence of ischemic stroke, confirmed by medical records, by quintile of whole grain intake according to FFQ responses.During 861,900 person-years of follow-up, 352 confirmed incident cases of ischemic stroke occurred. We observed an inverse association between whole grain intake and ischemic stroke risk. The age-adjusted relative risks (RRs) from the lowest to highest quintiles of whole grain intake were 1.00 (referent), 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49-0.94), 0.69 (95% CI, 0.51-0.95), 0.49 (95% CI, 0.35-0.69), and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.42-0.78; P =.003 for trend). Adjustment for smoking modestly attenuated this association (RR comparing extreme quintiles, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.47-0.89). This inverse association remained essentially unchanged with further adjustment for known CVD risk factors, including saturated fat and transfatty acid intake (multivariate-adjusted RR comparing extreme quintiles, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50-0.98). The inverse relation between whole grain intake and risk of ischemic stroke was also consistently observed among subgroups of women who never smoked, did not drink alcohol, did not exercise regularly, or who did not use postmenopausal hormones. No significant association was observed between total grain intake and risk of ischemic stroke.In this cohort, higher intake of whole grain foods was associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke among women, independent of known CVD risk factors. These prospective data support the notion that higher intake of whole grains may reduce the risk of ischemic stroke.
Comparison of IgE and IgG antibody responses of atopic individuals with sensitization to tree and grass pollens
Authors: E. Olsen, A. Fallang, S. S. Mohapatra
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Sera of atopic individuals with predominant sensitization to either tree pollen (TAs) or tree and grass pollens (TGAs) as well as of nonatopic subjects (NAs) were analyzed for IgE, IgG, and IgG4 antibodies specific for grass pollens allergens. Of 600 atopic individuals with serum IgE antibodies specific for birch pollen allergens, 54% also had serum IgE antibodies specific for grass pollen. The mean titers of IgG antibodies specific for grass pollen proteins were about 10 times higher in the sera of TGAs than those in the TAs and NAs. SDS-PAGE immunoblotting analysis of grass pollen proteins using sera of TGAs, TAs, and NAs with respect to the binding of these proteins with IgE and IgG antibodies in these sera exhibited a similar pattern of variation. Quantitation by enzyme immunoassay of the antibody binding to a recombination grass pollen allergen, rKBG8.3, further demonstrated the elevated IgG antibody levels in TGAs are mainly due to a broader range of specificities, and not to high specific binding to the individual protein. Statistically significant correlation was found between IgE and IgG4 antibodies specific for the Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) extract, but not for the isolated recombinant allergen. These results indicate that the grass pollens elicit a complex array of antibody specificities in both atopics and nonatopics, and that the profile of antibodies specific to the pollen extract and pure allergens differs, suggesting that single grass allergens may be inadequate for replacing grass pollen extracts for immunotherapy.
Adverse cutaneous reactions to imatinib (STI571) in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias: A prospective study of 54 patients
Authors: Laurence Valeyrie, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin, Jean Revuz, Nicolas Bachot, Janine Wechsler, Patrice Berthaud, Michel Tulliez, Stphane Giraudier
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
Weakness and Dilatation of the Heart in Chronic Nutritional Disease.
Authors: A. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1903)

New York, July 11, 1903. <i>To the Editor</i>:—With interest I read the paper of Dr. G. W. McCaskey with the above title inThe Journal, July 11, 1903. My interest will be readily understood if I may be permitted to quote from my own writings a few practical points in regard to the relation of myocarditis or feeble heart in general to atonia gastrica, and one remark about my carbonic acid gas baths to take the place of Nauheim baths. In the year 1895 Dr. M. Einhorn pointed out to me the frequency of the occurrences of splashing sound (that is, atonia gastrica) in cases of heart disease. We examined together a number of cases and I published the result of this investigation in a paper ("What is the Significance of the Splashing Sound of the Stomach,"<i>N. Y. Medical Journal</i>, June 15, 1895). Later on I followed this
Accurate quantification of minimal residual disease at day 15, by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction identifies also patients with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia at high risk for relapse
Authors: Valerie de Haas, Willemÿn B. Breunis, Onno J. Verhagen, Henk van den Berg, C. Ellen van der Schoot
Journal: Blood (2000)
Distinct patterns of brain activity evoked by histamine-induced itch reveal an association with itch intensity and disease severity in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Y. Ishiuji, R.C. Coghill, T.S. Patel, Y. Oshiro, R.A. Kraft, G. Yosipovitch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Distinct patterns of brain activity evoked by histamine‐induced itch reveal an association with itch intensity and disease severity in atopic dermatitis Get access Y. Ishiuji, Y. Ishiuji Department of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.C. Coghill, R.C. Coghill Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy & Neuroscience Center and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.S. Patel, T.S. Patel Department of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Oshiro, Y. Oshiro Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy & Neuroscience Center and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. Kraft, R.A. Kraft Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem, NC 27157, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Yosipovitch G. Yosipovitch Department of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Correspondence: Gil Yosipovitch. E‐mail: gyosipov@wfubmc.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 5, 1 November 2009, Pages 1072–1080, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09308.x Published: 01 November 2009
Soreness of the Gums in Rubella
Authors: Bruce L. Brown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

"THE creature of many moods" was the apt description that Graham1 gave to rubella in 1932 when he remarked on the propensity of the disease to resemble real measles in 1 case, scarlet fever in another and both measles and scarlet fever in successive stages of the same attack. Infectious mononucleosis, which is itself a subject of "mood," deserves addition to the group of diseases with which rubella may be confounded. And since the work of Gregg2 and others3 4 5 6 7 8 in establishing the relation between rubella in early pregnancy and the occurrence of congenital anomalies, precise diagnosis in the pregnant woman . . .
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis, Mediastinal Masses, and Spinal Cord Compression
Authors: Oliver S. Sorsdahl, Patrick E. Taylor, Ward D. Noyes
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Extramedullary hematopoiesis presented as posterior mediastinal masses in two brothers with thalassemia intermedia. In one patient, acute spinal cord compression developed secondary to epidural hematopoiesis. Laminectomy resulted in complete return of function. The characteristic x-ray picture of the hematopoietic tumors is that of soft, multilobular, paravertebral masses between the sixth and twelfth thoracic vertebrae without evidence of bony erosion. The preferable diagnostic procedure is needle biopsy under direct vision because of the vascularity of the tumor and associated ease of hemorrhage. While surgical therapy is necessary for relief of acute problems such as cord compression, radiation therapy may be effective in relieving minor symptoms.
THE PRINCIPLES OF HYDROTHERAPY
Authors: THOMAS McCRAE
Journal: JAMA (1910)

It must be confessed that the discussion of the principles of any subject is apt to smack of the didactic and requires some resolution both on the part of the reader and the writer. We are all apt to look askance at principles and to carry the mental attitude, which characterized many of us as students, of preferring pointers to principles. The Principles and Practice of Medicine is the title which adorns many text-books; we all grant the importance of the principles, but show more interest in the practice.  Hydrotherapy has suffered from a curious lack of appreciation from the days of Naaman the Syrian down to the present. Perhaps its simplicity and the fact that the remedy lies easily to hand has had something to do with this and many of us need to have the question asked of us: My father, if the prophet had bid thee do
Abstract PD04-03: Is breast conservation therapy an option for young women with operable breast cancer? Local recurrence rates in young women following surgery: a single centre experience.
Authors: CR Lewis, R Smith, A Matthews, E Choo, C Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BC) is less common in young women (defined here as ≤ 40 years age), but is associated with more aggressive biological features, higher risk of local recurrence (LR) and poorer overall survival. This study examines and compares the incidence of LR following breast conservation therapy (BCT) versus mastectomy in women with operable BC treated at our centre. Methods: The POWCC breast cancer database was retrospectively reviewed for the period January 1995 to December 2008. 2250 eligible women with BC undergoing primary breast surgery were identified. LR rate was compared between young women and older women (age &amp;gt; 40 years), and according to type of surgery. Data were analysed using a competing risk Cox model to account for distant recurrence and death as competing events for local recurrence. Results: Median follow-up was 70 months. Of 2250 women, 246 (11%) were young women, and the mastectomy rate was 49.2%. In older women (89%), mastectomy rate was 41.7%. LR occurred in 17 (6.9%) and 57 (2.8%) in young and older women respectively (p = 0.001). Amongst the young women, 12 (9.6%) and 5 (4.1%) patients recurred locally in BCT and mastectomy respectively (p = 0.09). Amongst the older women, 43 (3.7%) and 14 (1.7%) patients recurred locally in BCT and mastectomy respectively (p = 0.008). In univariate Cox analysis, significant risk factors for LR were BCT (p = 0.003), positive surgical margins (p = 0.03), age ≤ 40 years (p = 0.001), premenopausal status (p = 0.003) and no adjuvant systemic therapy (0.02). Age remains a significant predictor of LR in multivariate Cox analysis (Table). There was no significant interaction between age and type of surgery on LR (p = 0.72). Discussion: Our results demonstrate that young women who undergo BCT have the highest risk of early LR. Adjuvant systemic therapy is protective of early LR. This study is hypothesis-generating and a definitive prospective clinical trial is required to better determine the optimal type of breast surgery in young women. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD04-03.
The role of insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in regulating human erythropoiesis. Studies in vitro under serum-free conditions – comparison to other cytokines and growth factors
Authors: J Ratajczak, Q Zhang, E Pertusini, BS Wojczyk, MA Wasik, MZ Ratajczak
Journal: Leukemia (1998)
Human uracil–DNA glycosylase deficiency associated with profoundly impaired immunoglobulin class-switch recombination
Authors: Kohsuke Imai, Geir Slupphaug, Wen-I Lee, Patrick Revy, Shigeaki Nonoyama, Nadia Catalan, Leman Yel, Monique Forveille, Bodil Kavli, Hans E Krokan, Hans D Ochs, Alain Fischer, Anne Durandy
Journal: Nature Immunology (2003)