tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute encephalopathy associated with campylobacter enteritis.
Authors: I Levy, Y Weissman, Y Sivan, J Ben-Ari, T Scheinfeld
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Une observation chez un enfant de 6 ans. C'est la premiere publication concernant une enterite a campylobacter se compliquant d'encephalopathie aigue avec augmentation de la pression intracrânienne
Mefenamic Acid for Dysmenorrhea in Patients With Intrauterine Devices
Authors: Roger P. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent letter to the editor, Penny Wise Budoff, MD (242:616, 1979), presented an account of a noncontrolled study of 12 patients wearing intrauterine devices (IUDs) who had been treated with mefenamic acid for dysmenorrhea. The effectiveness of this prostaglandin inhibitor for such use should be expected. The hypothesis that the presence of an IUD might increase intrauterine prostaglandins was first proposed by Chaudhuri<sup>1</sup>in 1971 and was confirmed by Hillier and Kasonde.<sup>2</sup>The role of increased prostaglandins in increasing uterine activity has been reported by Roth-Brandel et al.<sup>3</sup>Even the increased uterine activity present after insertion of an IUD has been well discussed in the novel studies by Behrman and Burchfield.<sup>4</sup>where a Lippes loop IUD with a strain gauge attached was used. It is therefore no surprise that a prostaglandin inhibitor such as mefenamic acid should be effective in reducing
SERUM LEVELS OF HEPATITIS B SURFACE AND CORE ANTIGENS DURING IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT OF HBsAg-POSITIVE CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS
Authors: Evangelista Sagnelli, Giuseppe Maio, FrancescaM. Felaco, CrescenzoM. Izzo, Giuseppe Manzillo, Giuseppe Pasquale, Pietro Filippini, Felice Piccinino
Journal: The Lancet (1980)
Impact of Craniospinal Dose, Boost Volume, and Neurologic Complications on Intellectual Outcome in Patients With Medulloblastoma
Authors: Iska Moxon-Emre, Eric Bouffet, Michael D. Taylor, Normand Laperriere, Nadia Scantlebury, Nicole Law, Brenda J. Spiegler, David Malkin, Laura Janzen, Donald Mabbott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Purpose To examine the impact of radiation (ie, craniospinal irradiation [CSR] dose and boost volume) and complications (ie, hydrocephalus and other neurologic complications, including mutism) on patterns of change in intellectual functioning in medulloblastoma survivors. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 113 patients treated for medulloblastoma between 1983 and 2011 who were seen for neuropsychological assessment, including longitudinal follow-up of intellectual function. Patients were treated with either standard-dose CSR with a posterior fossa (PF) boost (n = 51), standard-dose CSR plus tumor bed (TB) boost (n = 9), reduced-dose CSR plus PF boost (n = 28), or reduced-dose CSR plus TB boost (n = 23), with or without chemotherapy. A subset of patients developed hydrocephalus that required cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion (n = 54) and/or other neurologic complications (n = 40), more than half of which were postoperative mutism (n = 25). Growth curve analysis was used to determine stability or change in intelligence scores over time. Results Patients treated with reduced-dose CSR plus TB boost showed stable intellectual trajectories, whereas patients treated with higher doses and larger boost volumes experienced intellectual declines. Presence of complications was associated with worse intellectual outcome; however, hydrocephalus requiring CSF diversion and mutism differed in their pattern of decline. Conclusion These results improve our understanding of factors that impair intellectual outcome in patients treated for medulloblastoma. Lower doses of CSR and smaller boost volumes seem to mitigate intellectual decline. Our findings validate the use of TB boost and suggest PF boost should be reconsidered.
A Pharmacogenomic Study of Docetaxel and Gemcitabine for the Initial Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: W Jeffrey Petty, Sommer N. Knight, Libyadda Mosley, James Lovato, James Capellari, Robert Tucker, A William Blackstock, Mark Steven Miller, Antonius A. Miller
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
756 SERUM HBsAg DECLINE IS FASTER THAN PREVIOUSLY ESTIMATED IN LONG-TERM NUC RESPONDERS WITH LOW TREATMENT-INDUCED HBsAg LEVELS
Authors: G. Mangia, P. Lampertico, F. Invernizzi, F. Facchetti, R. Soffredini, G. Lunghi, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Scintigraphic Appearance of Bone During External Beam Irradiation
Authors: RAJ AHLUWALIA, KATHRYN A. MORTON, JOHN H. WHITING, CAROL MENZEL-ANDERSON, FREDERICK L. DATZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Separate imaging studies employing Tc-99m MDP, In-111 labeled leukocytes, and Tc-99m SC were performed in a patient receiving external beam radiation therapy to the mediastinum and left hemithorax. The leukocyte scan demonstrated greatly increased activity at the site of the radiation port. The bone marrow (sulfur colloid) scan was normal and the bone scan demonstrated only minimally increased activity in the irradiated region. The varying appearance of these scans may represent the difference in the early effect of radiation on bone and bone marrow elements.
Multiple Primary Malignancies
Authors: Seymour Werthamer
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In the case here described, the patient had primary malignant lesions in 4 distinct organ-systems: adenocarcinoma of the duodenum, adenocarcinoma of the breast, adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, and multiple basal-cell carcinomata of the skin. The diagnoses were verified histologically. Previous reports of such cases are reviewed, and criteria which they must satisfy are formulated. Although they are rare, the possibility of multifocal primary neoplasms must be considered in every patient who has undergone surgery for malignant degeneration and who returns with complaints suggesting recurrence or metastatic spread.
Epidemiology of allergic occupational diseases induced by <i>Tetranychus urticae</i> in greenhouse and open‐field farmers living in a temperate climate area
Authors: C. Astarita, D. Gargano, F. Manguso, C. Romano, D. Montanaro, F. Pezzuto, S. Bonini, P. Altucci, G. Abbate
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: The role of Tetranychus urticae (TU) as an occupational allergen has thus far been investigated only in selected farmer samples. Methods: The prevalence of TU‐induced sensitization and occupational diseases in a randomized sample of farmers living in a temperate climate area was investigated. Occupational/nonoccupational symptoms, skin prick test (SPT) results with common allergens and TU, specific occupational test results, and greenhouse or open‐field sources of TU exposure were assessed. The study design was cross‐sectional. Results: The prevalence of positive SPT to TU was 6%. TU‐induced allergic/nonallergic complaints accounted for 65% of farmers with challenge‐confirmed occupational disease. In all farmers, sensitization to common allergens was a risk factor for both current occupational and nonoccupational complaints, while TU sensitization was a prominent risk factor for occupational complaints. Furthermore, in SPT‐positive farmers, only the presence of seasonal occupational complaints was significantly associated with TU sensitization. Common allergen sensitization was a risk factor for development of TU sensitization, which was more frequent in greenhouse than in open‐field workers. Conclusions: TU was a common nontraumatic, allergic occupational hazard for farmers. Since occupational seasonal symptoms could be directly related to the presence of TU sensitization, allergy to this mite should be routinely investigated in farmers.
Papillomavirus Infection and an Allergic Response to Candida in Women With Recurrent Vaginitis
Authors: Steven S. Witkin
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  A large percentage of asymptomatic women harbor latent human papillomavirus (HPV) in their genital tracts. In a recent study 1 using in situ hybridization, 57% of cervical smears with a normal morphology contained HPV DNA sequences. Expresssion of HPV DNA and proliferation of the virus at these sites result in the appearance of condyloma acuminatum (genital warts). The mechanism leading to HPV proliferation in the female genital tract remains unclear, but may involve immune suppression. In women with condyloma, lymphocyte proliferation 2,3 and natural killer cell activity 4 are decreased, numbers of T-suppressor cells are increased, 3,4 and production of interleukin 2 and interferon gamma is impaired. 4   Recurrent vulvovaginitis is also associated with transient suppression of cell-mediated immunity. 5-7 In some women with this disorder, an allergic response to vaginal yeast, contraceptive spermicides, or semen components 7,8 may induce histamine and prostaglandin E 8,9 —mediated immunosuppression.  Study.—
Chromate transport in human leukocytes
Authors: David L. Lilien, Jerry L. Spivak, I. David Goldman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Chromium is a trace metal of importance in human physiology and, in addition, as 51-chromate, has been extensively used as a label in the study of blood cell pool sizes and intravascular kinetics. The transport characteristics of 51-chromate were investigated in normal human leukocytes. Chromate uptake is unidirectional over a 1 hr incubation with extracellular chromate concentrations up to 200 mumoles/liter. Under these conditions, intracellular 51-chromium is in a form in which it is nonexchangeable. Influx is temperature sensitive with a Q(10) of approximately 2 and may be energy dependent since a variety of metabolic poisons strongly inhibit uptake. The unidirectional influx of chromate follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics; the maximum velocity is 52 mmumoles/g dry weight of cells per min and the chromate concentration at which influx velocity is half maximal is 87 mumoles/liter. This transport mechanism is highly specific for chromate; other divalent tetrahedral anions only slightly inhibit influx at concentrations up to 10 times that of chromate. Metavanadate, however, competitively inhibits chromate influx at equimolar concentrations. Exposure of cells to unlabeled chromate leads to inhibition of subsequent influx of 51-chromate. It is suggested that this is due to a primary inhibitory effect of chromate on cellular energy metabolism.
Serum from outdated human platelet concentrates: An alternative supplement for tissue (fibroblast) culture media
Authors: Kenneth A. Schwartz, Gina Lu, James E. Trosko, Chia‐Cheng Chang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1984)

Abstract Fetal calf serum (FCS) is used as a component of the media for cells grown in culture. However, the high cost of FCS has stimulated a search for a possible alternative. Approximately 10% of human platelet concentrates prepared for clinical transfusions are outdated. Sera prepared from platelet concentrates were compared with FCS and calf serum (CS) as a media supplement. A similar number of fibroblast (NSF‐791) colonies grew in media supplemented with the three different sera. However, colonies grown in the presence of human platelet serum (HPS) were larger than those grown in media containing CS and FCS. Hence, serum prepared from outdated human platelet concentrates may be substituted for fetal calf serum as a cell culture nutrient, for fibroblasts.
Clinical Scalar Electrocardiography
Authors: Sanford A. Franzblau
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In 1951 the authors wrote, in the preface to the first edition, we tried to set forth the more popular current views [of unipolar electrocardiography] in a pedagogic approach free from complexity. Now, 14 years and four editions later, these two men offer a sophisticated text of electrocardiography, using a deductive method. To provide a foundation for this approach, the first four chapters discuss the electrophysiological train of events in the normal heart. The generation, the spread of activation, and the regeneration of the vital cellular processes in the conduction system and the myocardium are considered in conjunction with the vectors of their electrical forces projected on the frontal and horizontal plane. In chapter 12 the relationship of these to three-dimension spatial cardiography is considered. The result has been a nice combination of the traditional pattern concept with vector interpretation to yield a better method of teaching, one calculated to
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Survival and Toxicity of Antineoplastic Chemotherapy in a Cohort Study
Authors: Alain Makinson, Jean-Charles Tenon, Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay, Jean-Louis Pujol, Clotilde Allavena, Lise Cuzin, Isabelle Poizot-Martin, Xavier de la Tribonnière, André Cabié, Pascal Pugliese, Jacques Reynes, Vincent Le Moing
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Conducting Research with Tribal Communities: Sovereignty, Ethics, and Data-Sharing Issues
Authors: Anna Harding, Barbara Harper, Dave Stone, Catherine O’Neill, Patricia Berger, Stuart Harris, Jamie Donatuto
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Background: When conducting research with American Indian tribes, informed consent beyond conventional institutional review board (IRB) review is needed because of the potential for adverse consequences at a community or governmental level that are unrecognized by academic researchers.Objectives: In this article, we review sovereignty, research ethics, and data-sharing considerations when doing community-based participatory health–related or natural-resource–related research with American Indian nations and present a model material and data-sharing agreement that meets tribal and university requirements.Discussion: Only tribal nations themselves can identify potential adverse outcomes, and they can do this only if they understand the assumptions and methods of the proposed research. Tribes must be truly equal partners in study design, data collection, interpretation, and publication. Advances in protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) are also applicable to IRB reviews, as are principles of sovereignty and indigenous rights, all of which affect data ownership and control.Conclusions: Academic researchers engaged in tribal projects should become familiar with all three areas: sovereignty, ethics and informed consent, and IPR. We recommend developing an agreement with tribal partners that reflects both health-related IRB and natural-resource–related IPR considerations.
Abstract 541: The role of long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 in prostate cancer
Authors: Anirban Sahu, Matthew K. Iyer, John R. Prensner, Arul M. Chinnaiyan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second most common epithelial cancer and second leading cause of cancer death in men. Prostate cancers remain indolent in the majority of individuals but behave aggressively in a minority of patients. The molecular basis for this clinical heterogeneity remains incompletely understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a prominent layer of transcriptional regulation implicated in various biological and disease processes, including several types of cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized that lncRNAs may play a role in mediating aggressive prostate cancer. Previously, our lab utilized RNA sequencing across a cohort of prostate tissues to discover differentially expressed lncRNAs in cancer versus benign samples. We identifed a novel transcript termed SChLAP1 (Second Chromosome Locus Associated with Prostate-1) overexpressed in a subset of localized and metastatic cancers. Clinical analyses showed that SChLAP1 levels independently predict poor outcomes, including metastasis and prostate cancer-specific mortality. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that SChLAP1 is critical for cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. Mechanistically, we found that SChLAP1 binds to and antagonizes the genome-wide localization of the tumor-suppressive SWI/SNF nucleosome-remodeling complex. Given the scaffolding capabilities of lncRNAs, previous studies describing an inhibitory role of SWI/SNF on PRC2 function, and the known oncogenic role of PRC2 in prostate cancer, we hypothesized that SChLAP1 may mediate PRC2 activity in conjunction with SWI/SNF to promote aggressive disease. Here, we show that a SChLAP1-associated gene signature nominates PRC2-related concepts, and in vitro studies indicate an interaction between SChLAP1 and PRC2 that enhances PRC2 genome-wide localization as well as its histone methyltransferase activity. These results suggest a mechanistic model in which SChLAP1 simultaneously engages multiple epigenetic complexes, inhibiting tumor-suppressive functions of SWI/SNF while enhancing oncogenic activity of PRC2, which leads to aggressive prostate cancer. Citation Format: Anirban Sahu, Matthew K. Iyer, John R. Prensner, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. The role of long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 541. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-541
Entamoeba histolytica in Urine
Authors: B. A. Sayed, S. P. Amin
Journal: BMJ (1962)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MEDICAL JOURNAL patients who responded better to betamethasone than to hydrocortisone or triamcinolone did so because of the development of partial resistance to those steroids after prolonged use: this phenomenon has been observed before (Vickers and Tighe, 1960).In patients with chronic dermatoses, especially those with atopic eczema, such variations of local steroid therapy may be very helpful in maintaining reasonable control of an other- wise disabling condition.No adverse reactions have been seen to the preparations tested.SUMMARY Double-blind paired comparison trials of topical applications of a new steroid, betamethasone, and hydrocortisone are described, together with results of more extensive clinical use.In this investigation betamethasone phosphate 0.1% and hydrocortisone 1 % were shown to be of equal potency.I thank Drs. I. B. Sneddon and R. E. Church for permitting me to treat their patients, and Glaxo Laboratories for supplies of the various local steroid applications; 1% hydrocortisone (" efcortelan "), 0.1 % betamethasone phosphate (" betnesol "), and 0.1% betamethasone alcohol (" betnelan ").
High serum concentrations of antidepressants in elderly patients.
Authors: A C Carr, R P Hobson
Journal: BMJ (1977)

experiments not only to record, the amount of "carbohydrate" but to specify the sort of carbohydrate they have used ?Sucrose pro- duces a very wide range of abnormalities that are not produced by starch.;For example, in the studies referred to in this letter our control animals, which showed no renal abnormalities, were fed exactly similar diets with exactly the same proportion of carbohydrate as were the experimental animals; the difference was only that for the former the dietary carbohydrate was starch and for the latter it was sucrose.
Arthritis associated with Venereal Disease : A Comparative Study of Gonococcal Arthritis and Reiter's Syndrome
Authors: V. Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1963)

urethritis or cervicitis was proven on smear or culture, the arthritis occurred within 3 weeks of a gonococcal infection, and the urogenital and articular manifestations responded to anti-gonococcal therapy.(3) Reiter's Syndrome.-Inthese cases inflammatory arthritis followed an abacterial urethritis.Gonococcal urethritis was also present in some, but with specific therapy the gonococci disappeared without influencing the arthritis and leaving a persistent abacterial urethritis.Conjunctivitis was not considered to be essential for the diagnosis of Reiters' syndrome, since it may appear much later in the course of the disease, or may be so mild that it is missed.Exclusions.-62 of the 214 patients were excluded from the final analysis.In nineteen of these, further investigation and follow up revealed other diagnoses: eight had rheumatoid arthritis, three had rheumatic fever, three had arthritis associated with drug sensitivity reaction, two had colitic arthritis (Wright and Watkinson, 1960), and there were single cases of tuberculosis, the shoulder-hand syndrome, and sickle-cell anaemia.Eleven patients had fibrous ankylosis of a joint seen at a late stage and attributed to gonorrhoea without any present evidence.In eight patients no record of a search for gonococci was found, or the investigation was done after the institution of treatment.In ten patients a purulent urethral or vaginal discharge and an inflammatory arthritis were present, and both cleared rapidly and completely on anti-gonococcal treatment, with no residual chronic mucoid discharge.Clinically, therefore, the diagnosis of gonococcal arthritis seemed possible, but no organism was isolated.Fourteen patients had no evidence of gonorrhoea and none of pelvic inflammatory disease, the diagnosis having apparently been made from the character of the patient, rather than the character of the disease.Thirteen of these excluded patients were seen before the advent of sulphonamides, 22 were treated with sulphonamides, 23 with penicillin, and for four there was no record of treatment.77
Utilization of Acetate in the Human Forearm during Exercise after Ethanol Ingestion
Authors: F. Lundquist, L. Sestoft, S. E. Damgaard, J. P. Clausen, J. Trap-Jensen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

The uptake of acetate in the human forearm was studied in five fasting (14 h) subjects during 10-min periods of ergometer work at 7 and 10 kilopond-meters per minute (kpm/min). A constant arterial acetate concentration was established by administration of a small quantity of alcohol (25 g) to the subjects after a control work period. Blood flow was measured by an indicator dilution technique. Acetate uptake varied linearly with the product of arterial acetate concentration and blood flow. Acetate metabolism was calculated to account for about 6.5% of the energy metabolism, assuming complete combustion to carbon dioxide and water. Oxygen uptake and blood flow did not change in the presence of acetate and ethanol.
Cardiogenic shock due to cardiac free-wall rupture or tamponade after acute myocardial infarction: a report from the SHOCK Trial Registry
Authors: James Slater, Robert J Brown, Tracy A Antonelli, Venu Menon, Jean Boland, Jacques Col, Vladimir Dzavik, Mark Greenberg, Mark Menegus, Cliff Connery, Judith S Hochman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Smoking and drinking by middle-aged British men: effects of social class and town of residence.
Authors: R O Cummins, A G Shaper, M Walker, C J Wale
Journal: BMJ (1981)

In 7735 men aged 40-59, selected at random from general practices in 24 towns throughout Britain, pronounced differences were noted in the prevalences of smoking and drinking between the social classes. Social class differences also existed for frequency and quantity of drinking, type of beverage, and several aspects of smoking behaviour. Increasing amounts of smoking were associated with higher prevalences of moderate to heavy drinking, particularly in daily rather than weekend drinkers. Between drinking groups, however, the relation with smoking was more U-shaped, with light and heavy drinkers smoking more than moderate drinkers. The lowest rates of moderate to heavy smoking were observed in frequent light drinkers, particularly in the nonmanual workers. The proportion of moderate to heavy drinkers was no higher among ex-cigarette smokers than among current smokers. When the data were examined by town of residence social class differences persisted. Controlling for social class still showed pronounced differences between towns in both smoking and drinking behaviour. These data confirm that town of residence and social class have independent effects on smoking and drinking. The established regional and social class differences in cardiovascular disease may be due in part to the independent influences of town and social class on smoking and drinking behaviour.