tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Onset of Action of Doxazosin Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Claus G. Roehrborn, Andrzej Prajsner, Roger Kirby, Morton Andersen, Sheila Quinn, Sharon Mallen
Journal: European Urology (2005)
The Angiographic Fate of Infarct Related Arteries with TIMI 2 Flow Following Thrombolysis for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jonathan S. Reiner, Conor F. Lundergan, Anthony Fung, Shyuan Cho, Noah Israel, John Kazmierski, George Pilcher, James Smith, Steven Rohrbeck, Mark Thompson, Allan M. Ross
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Interleukin 6 receptor as a target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: E Choy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Chronic synovial inflammation and joint damage are cardinal features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the precise cause remains unknown, cytokines have a major pathogenic role. The therapeutic benefit of antagonists of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin (IL) 1 in RA provide the best evidence for the importance of cytokines in mediating synovitis. Although IL1 and TNFα blocking treatments are effective, some patients have refractory disease and fail to respond. The reasons for this are yet to be elucidated. In other patients, treatment has had to be withdrawn because of side effects. When anticytokine treatments are withdrawn, in most cases, it is necessary to substitute other disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) because of resurgence in disease activity. Many patients fail to respond to multiple DMARDs, and alternative treatments are needed. As targeting monokines has produced effective treatment of RA, other cytokines have become attractive therapeutic targets. One of these is IL6.

IL6 is a 26 kDa pleiotropic cytokine. It was known initially as B cell stimulatory factor 2 because it stimulates B cell growth and maturation. Likewise it is also known as hepatocyte stimulating factor because it activates hepatocytes to produce acute phase reactants such as C reactive protein and amyloid A. IL6 is produced by a wide range of cell types including lymphocytes, monocytes, fibroblasts,1 synoviocytes,2 and endothelial cells.3 Structurally, it shares homology with other cytokines: oncostatin M, IL11, leukaemia inhibitory factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and cardiotrophin 1. Together, these cytokines constitute the IL6 superfamily. In addition to structural homology, these cytokines use a common signal transduction pathway to stimulate cellular activation. All of the cytokines in the IL6 …
5-Fluorourcil combined with the [6S]-stereoisomer of folinic acid in high doses for treatment of patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma
Authors: D. Machover, X. Grison, E. Goldschmidt, J. Zittoun, G. Metzger, J. Richaud, J.-P. Lotz, T. André, L. Hannoun, J. Marquet, T. Guillot, M. Bardon, R. Salmon, A. Sezeur, S. Mauban, V. Izrael, R. Parc
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1993)
Future challenges to E-Z Reader: Effects of OVP and morphology on processing long and short compounds
Authors: Jukka Hyönä, Raymond Bertram
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

We argue that although E-Z Reader does a good job in simulating many basic facts related to readers' eye movements, two phenomena appear to pose a challenge to the model. The first has to do with word length mediating the way compound words are identified; the second concerns the effects of initial fixation position in a word on eye behavior.
What's new here?
Authors: Bruce Mangan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

O'Brien &amp; Opie's (O&amp;O's) theory demands a view of unconscious processing that is incompatible with virtually all current PDP models of neural activity. Relative to the alternatives, the theory is closer to an AI than a parallel distributed processing (PDP) perspective, and its treatment of phenomenology is ad hoc. It raises at least one important question: Could features of network relaxation be the “switch” that turns an unconscious into a conscious network?
Therapeutic Effect of Imatinib in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: AKT Signaling Dependent and Independent Mechanisms
Authors: Chi Tarn, Yuliya V. Skorobogatko, Takahiro Taguchi, Burton Eisenberg, Margaret von Mehren, Andrew K. Godwin
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) possess a gain-of-function mutation in c-KIT. Imatinib mesylate, a small-molecule inhibitor against several receptor tyrosine kinases, including KIT, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α, and BCR-ABL, has therapeutic benefit for GISTs both via KIT and via unknown mechanisms. Clinical evidence suggests that a potential therapeutic benefit of imatinib might result from decreased glucose uptake as measured by positron emission tomography using 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose. We sought to determine the mechanism of and correlation to altered metabolism and cell survival in response to imatinib. Glucose uptake, cell viability, and apoptosis in GIST cells were measured following imatinib treatment. Lentivirus constructs were used to stably express constitutively active AKT1 or AKT2 in GIST cells to study the role of AKT signaling in metabolism and cell survival. Immunoblots and immunofluorescent staining were used to determine the levels of plasma membrane-bound glucose transporter Glut4. We show that oncogenic activation of KIT maximizes glucose uptake in an AKT-dependent manner. Imatinib treatment markedly reduces glucose uptake via decreased levels of plasma membrane-bound Glut4 and induces apoptosis or growth arrest by inhibiting KIT activity. Importantly, expression of constitutively active AKT1 or AKT2 does not rescue cells from the imatinib-mediated apoptosis although glucose uptake was not blocked, suggesting that the potential therapeutic effect of imatinib is independent of AKT activity and glucose deprivation. Overall, these findings contribute to a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic benefit of imatinib in GIST and suggest that a drug-mediated decrease in tumor metabolism observed clinically may not entirely reflect therapeutic efficacy of treatment. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(10): 5477-86)
Acute Renal Failure Associated with Heat Stress and Physical Exertion.
Authors: Robert W. Schrier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Acute Renal Failure Associated with Heat Stress and Physical Exertion.Robert W. Schrier, Haller S. Henderson, C. Craig Tisher, Richard L. TannenRobert W. SchrierSearch for more papers by this author, Haller S. HendersonSearch for more papers by this author, C. Craig TisherSearch for more papers by this author, Richard L. TannenSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1053_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptEight cases of acute renal failure associated with heat stress and physical exercise were treated at the Walter Reed General Hospital between 1960 and 1966. All of the cases occurred during the summer in recruits participating in their initial 2 months of basic training.Several unique characteristics of the clinical course were marked hypercatabolism, muscle damage, and prolonged periods of anuria. Hypercatabolism was evidenced by rapidly rising blood urea nitrogen and serum potassium levels. In some cases frequent peritoneal dialysis did not prevent a gradual increase in azotemia. Diffuse muscle involvement was found histologically in three fatal cases, including vacuolization,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, D. C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1053-1053KeywordsAcute renal failureBlood urea nitrogenExerciseMusclesPeritoneal dialysisPotassium Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...
MicroRNA 29b functions in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ramiro Garzon, Catherine E. A. Heaphy, Violaine Havelange, Muller Fabbri, Stefano Volinia, Twee Tsao, Nicola Zanesi, Steven M. Kornblau, Guido Marcucci, George A. Calin, Michael Andreeff, Carlo M. Croce
Journal: Blood (2009)
How Are ‘Psychosomatic’ Patients Different from ‘Psychoneurotic’ Patients?
Authors: Harley C. Shands
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1975)

Two groups of white male patients of the same racial stock were selected on the basis of their acceptance or rejection by psychiatric residents for extended treatment. The group of patients eagerly accepted were mostly college students with anxiety, several of a phobic type, while the completely rejected group was composed of rheumatoid arthritic patients. Examination of samples of verbal transcript material showed that previously determined criteria, established on the basis of content analysis of interview transcripts, place the arthritic patients very much in the 'unsuitable for psychotherapy' category, whereas the selected patients were highly 'suitable'. Verbal patterns in several different contexts are compared to show the differences 'concretely'; in addition, another such comparison shows the abundance of psychosomatic diseases in the families of the arthritic patients. Comparison of verbal material shows that patients with anxiety tend to be acutely sensitive to the future and to human relations, especially those with physicians in a personal sense. Arthritic patients, on the other hand, 'worry' much less, attend little to the future, incongruously report that they are 'in command of feelings. In a hospital psychiatric ward, anxious patients soon adapt with relief; the arthritic in such a ward insists that he follows his own idea of the behavior of the hospitalized patient, complete with night clothes and bed rest. The conclusion suggested is that the two types of patients live in quite separate 'universes of discourse'.
Relationship of aluminum to Alzheimer's disease.
Authors: D P Perl
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive degenerative brain disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the development of large numbers of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the brain. Aluminum salts may be used experimentally to produce lesions which are similar, but not identical, to the neurofibrillary tangle. Although some studies have reported increased amounts of aluminum in the brains of Alzheimer's disease victims, these bulk analysis studies have been difficult to replicate and remain controversial. Using scanning electron microscopy with X-ray spectrometry, we have investigated this question on the cellular level. We have identified abnormal accumulations of aluminum within neurons derived from Alzheimer's disease patients containing neurofibrillary tangles. Similar accumulations have been detected in the numerous neurofibrillary tangle-bearing neurons seen in the brains of the indigenous native population of the island of Guam who suffer from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism with dementia. Epidemiologic evidence strongly suggests a causal role for local environmental conditions relating to availability of aluminum, calcium, and magnesium. In view of the fact that a major consequence of acid rain is the liberation of large amounts of aluminum in bioavailable forms, concerns are raised about possible human health risks of this environmental phenomenon.
Should Physicians Aid Their Patients in Dying?
Authors: Robert J. Blendon
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Suppression of airway eosinophilia by killed Mycobacterium vaccae-induced allergen-specific regulatory T-cells
Authors: Claudia Zuany-Amorim, Elzbieta Sawicka, Corinne Manlius, Alain Le Moine, Laura R. Brunet, David M. Kemeny, Gareth Bowen, Graham Rook, Christoph Walker
Journal: Nature Medicine (2002)
Fluvastatin suppresses oxidative stress and fibrosis in the interstitium of mouse kidneys with unilateral ureteral obstruction
Authors: Toshiki Moriyama, Noritaka Kawada, Katsuyuki Nagatoya, Masanobu Takeji, Masaru Horio, Akio Ando, Enyu Imai, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
UK and Korean teams refine techniques for human cloning
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

New treatments based on stem cell technology moved nearer to becoming a realistic possibility, with a UK research group reporting last week that it had successfully cloned a human blastocyst and South Korean researchers reporting that they had created stem cells to match individuals for the first time.

Researchers from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne's Centre for Life reported that they had removed the nuclei from oocytes obtained from 11 women and replaced them with DNA from embryonic stem cells.

Three of the resulting clones lived and grew in the laboratory for three days, and one survived for five days. The blastocyst had identical DNA to the stem cell line, proving that it had resulted from cloning. The study was published on 19 May in Reproductive and BioMedicine Online (http://www.rbmonline.com/, search for article number 1872).

The critical factor for successful cloning seemed to …
THE WRONG RICKETTS
Authors: HENRY T. RICKETTS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

Letters and Comments1 January 1967THE WRONG RICKETTSHENRY T. RICKETTS, M.D.HENRY T. RICKETTS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-1-237_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:On p. 872 of the October 1966 issue of the ANNALSthere appears a review of the bookRocky Mountain Spotted Feverby J. K. Aikawa. The reviewer, Dr. Vosti, states, "The 'hero' is clearly Dr. Henry T. Ricketts." Of course he means my father, Dr. Howard Taylor Ricketts. Perhaps the error is not worth correcting, for anyone who knows me would know the difference, but I am rather reluctant to see the statement stand.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HENRY T. RICKETTS, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago, Ill. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1967Volume 66, Issue 1Page: 237-237KeywordsRocky Mountain spotted fever ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 14610: Risks Factors of Mortality in Patients With Device Related Infection
Authors: Didier Klug, Thomas Modine, Christelle Marquie, Stephane Boule, Anne Sophie Polge, Salem Kacet
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Data on risk factors for mortality in patients with cardiac-device related infection (DRI) are limited and several questions remain for an optimal management of cardiac-device related infection. We...
The relationship between heat shock protein 72 expression in skeletal muscle and insulin sensitivity is dependent on adiposity
Authors: Darren C. Henstridge, Josephine M. Forbes, Sally A. Penfold, Melissa F. Formosa, Sonia Dougherty, Anna Gasser, Maximilian P. de Courten, Mark E. Cooper, Bronwyn A. Kingwell, Barbora de Courten
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
A novel pathway to the ultimate mutagens of aromatic amino and nitro compounds.
Authors: D Wild
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Photolysis of arylazides in aqueous media was recently found to generate presumed nitrenium ions, species which are generally considered as the ultimate mutagens/carcinogens derived from arylamines and nitroarenes. The primary photolysis products of arylazides, the arylnitrenes, can possibly react as electrophiles themselves, or they can be protonated and thus form the electrophilic nitrenium ions. Numerous arylazides and aryldiazides can be photoactivated to short-lived mutagens detectable in Salmonella typhimurium TA98. Structure-activity comparisons between arylazides and the matching arylamines and nitroarenes show correlations; e.g., phenyl azide and methyl-substituted phenyl azides are not mutagenic or only weakly mutagenic like aniline, nitrobenzene, and their methyl homologues, whereas 4-azidodiphenyl, 2-azidofluorene, 1-azidopyrene, azido-IQ, and azido-isoIQ are increasingly mutagenic in that order, like the matching amino and nitro compounds. It is hypothesized on the basis of these data that the nitrene/nitrenium ion is the reactive intermediate common to the three mutagenic pathways and that the reaction of the nitrene/nitrenium ion with DNA is rate limiting for the overall mutagenic process in Salmonella. The photochemical generation from arylazides of the reactive species, the nitrene/nitrenium ions, opens new perspectives for the understanding of the genotoxic activity of arylamines and nitroarenes in general and, specifically, of the food mutagens/carcinogens of the IQ type.
DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF TRADITIONAL RISK FACTORS FOR PREDICTING THE PROBABILITY OF OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN MEN AND WOMEN WITH CHEST PAIN: RESULTS FROM THE MULTINATIONAL CONFIRM REGISTRY
Authors: Victor Y. Cheng, Daniel Berman, Allison Dunning, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Matthew Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Callister, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Benjamin Chow, Augustin DeLago, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp Kaufmann, Troy LaBounty, Fay Lin, Gilbert Raff, Leslee Shaw, Todd Villines, James Min
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Canada forced to honour Bayer's patent on ciprofloxacin
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

In an embarrassing mix-up, Canada's federal government will pay twice for a supply of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (marketed as Cipro) that it ordered to protect Canadians in case they are faced with an outbreak of anthrax, as has happened in the United States.

The federal health department broke its own drug patent rules when it ordered the drug from a generic drug manufacturer, Apotex. The patent, held by Bayer AG, …
Heart and Heart-Lung Transplantation
Authors: Robert Karp
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Heart and heart-lung transplantation are now accepted management for some end-stage circulatory problems. With acceptance of the modality comes the accumulation of survival and morbidity data and, ultimately, elaboration of clinical science. This multiauthored work offers information that in general reflects the current practice of cardiac and heart-lung transplantation in the late 1980s. There are 20 chapters on cardiac transplantation and eight chapters on heart-lung transplantation. The first two chapters on the history of transplantation and on the rejection reaction are particularly strong and serve as a good introduction for the subsequent clinically based contributions. Cabrol and his associates, in particular, nicely elaborate on the surgical procedure for cardiac transplantation. Some, however, may quarrel with the tedious venting and de-airing procedures they suggest. An especially good chapter by P. G. I. Stovin details the monitoring of cardiac rejection by endomyocardial biopsy. In that chapter are seen good examples of all
Impact of Cadaveric Renal Transplantation on Survival in Patients Listed for Transplantation
Authors: Gabriel C. Oniscu, Helen Brown, John L.R. Forsythe
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of the survival benefit of renal transplantation compared with dialysis in patients selected for transplantation in Scotland. Longitudinal study of survival and mortality risk in all adult patients (1732) listed for a first transplant between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1989, in Scotland. A time-dependent Cox regression analysis adjusted for comorbidity, sociodemographic and geographic factors, primary renal disease, time on dialysis, and year of listing compared the risk of death for patients receiving a first cadaveric transplant versus all patients on dialysis listed for transplantation. After adjustment for the covariates, the relative risk (RR) of death during the first 30 days after transplantation was 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 2.86) compared with patients on dialysis (RR = 1). The long-term RR (at 18 mo) for the transplant recipients was 0.18 (95% CI, 0.08 to 0.42) when compared with patients on dialysis (RR = 1). This lower long-term risk of death was present in all patients undergoing transplantation, irrespective of their age group or primary renal disease. Similar results were seen when survival with a transplant was censored for graft failure. The projected life expectancy with a transplant was 17.19 yr compared with only 5.84 yr on dialysis. Despite an initial higher risk of death, long-term survival for patients who undergo transplantation is significantly better compared with patients who are listed but remain on dialysis. A successful transplant triples the life expectancy of a listed renal failure patient.
Behavioral momentum in Pavlovian conditioning and the learning/performance distinction
Authors: Hernán I. Savastano, Ralph R. Miller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Behavioral momentum theory has evolved within the realm of operant conditioning. The thought-provoking momentum metaphor equates the strength of an operant response with its resistance to change and preference (i.e., choice) for that response over other available responses. Whereas baseline response rate (velocity in the metaphor) is assumed to be largely influenced by the response-reinforcer contingency, resistance to change and preference are assumed to reflect an intervening variable called behavioral mass, which is determined primarily by the stimulus-reinforcer relationship. This invites the question of how well the momentum metaphor applies to the stimulus-reinforcer relationships of traditional Pavlovian paradigms. Presumably, a correspondence exists between behavioral mass and the notion of associative strength in the associative learning literature. Although response rate has little meaning in the trialwise structure of classical (i.e., Pavlovian) conditioning, response probability or magnitude might be regarded metaphorically as velocity. Momentum theory suggests that resistance to change (e.g., extinction) is a better indicator of associative strength than is response probability or magnitude. Therefore, variables that strengthen Pavlovian learning should influence resistance to extinction of conditioned responding in a similar manner. Moreover, it is important to assess momentum theory outside of strictly operant paradigms, particularly because in clinical settings many common disorders (e.g., phobias) and their therapies (e.g., cue exposure) are thought to be classically conditioned.