tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiology in a district hospital
Authors: M. Joy, I. Huggett
Journal: BMJ (1982)

During 1975-81 a non-invasive cardiac unit was established at St Peter's Hospital, Chertsey, a district hospital serving a population of 202 000. There was a progressive increase in outpatient referrals in cardiology, and in 1981 non-invasive investigations included 424 echocardiograms, 305 exercise electrocardiograms, 275 ambulatory electrocardiograms, and 147 thallium-201 studies. Between 1979 and 1981, 151 patients were admitted directly to major centres for further investigation; 74% of those with ischaemic heart disease and 68% of those with valvular heart disease subsequently underwent surgery, a ratio of investigation to surgery that is half the norm for the four metropolitan regions. Based on the 1981 figures, which were substantially above those for 1980, there is a need for a minimum of 270 open heart operations per million of the population including 180 vein bypass operations. This figure for bypass grafting is 230% higher than in the United Kingdom as a whole in 1978 and has substantial implications.
Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase activation induced upon Fc gamma RIIIA-ligand interaction.
Authors: P Kanakaraj, B Duckworth, L Azzoni, M Kamoun, L C Cantley, B Perussia
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Induced activation of protein tyrosine kinase(s) is a central event in signal transduction mediated via the low affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RIIIA, CD16) in natural killer (NK) cells. Tyrosine phosphorylation may affect the function of several protein directly, or indirectly by inducing their association with other tyrosine phosphorylated proteins. Here, we report that Fc gamma RIII stimulation induces activation of phosphatidylinositol (PI)-3 kinase in NK cells. Phosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates from Fc gamma RIII-stimulated NK cells contain PI-kinase activity and PI-3 kinase can be directly precipitated from them. Conversely, a series of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins is coprecipitated with PI-3 kinase from the stimulated, but not from control cells. Analogous results obtained using Jurkat T cells expressing transfected Fc gamma RIIIA alpha ligand binding chain in association with gamma 2 or zeta 2 homodimers indicate that both complexes transduce this effect, although the Fc gamma RIIIA-zeta 2 complexes do so with greater efficiency. Accumulation of phosphoinositide D3 phosphorylated products in stimulated cells confirms PI-3 kinase activation, indicating the participation of this enzyme in Fc gamma RIIIA-mediated signal transduction.
Residency: The Fallacy of Need
Authors: Morion C. Creditor, Una K. Creditor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Ambivalence concerning the perceived role of the house officer in the teaching hospitals of this country is about to be laid to rest. Whether or not the Department of Labor grants independent labor-union status to the Physicians National House Staff Association (PNHA), the members of that Association have clearly declared themselves as employees rather than students. Newspaper statements ascribed to their spokesmen do not even try to preserve remnants of the student component of the residency experience.Perhaps, as we contemplate the potential of what is happening, it might be wise to remind ourselves of the circumstances that led to . . .
THE SCHOTT METHOD OF TREATING DISEASES OF THE HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS.
Authors: JAMES M. ANDERS
Journal: JAMA (1905)

It may appear rather late in the day either to present the claims of the Schott methods of treating chronic cardio-vascular diseases or to discuss the details connected with their application. It should ever be a feature of our therapeutic creed, however, to give close attention to physiologic means and to recognize their superiority over drugs as curative agencies. No one who views the immense concourse of persons pouring into Bad Nauheim from every part of the globe and notes the conditions presented by a small fragment even, as I have done, can fail to be impressed with the fact that confusion obviously reigns in the minds of a large proportion of the medical profession as to what constitutes a suitable case for this recognized mode of treatment. The same vagueness and indefiniteness of professional thought and action holds true at home, perhaps in greater degree than abroad
Jello as a Solid Liquid Substitute
Authors: John J. Rozanski
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> At Bellevue Hospital I have recently had experience with the problem of trying to orally administer fluids to the occasional pediatric patient (or to any patient, if one were to extend the problem) who<i>will not</i>drink liquids, but who will eat solid foods. This is a real problem not infrequently encountered in pediatric and geriatric practice, especially in patients with organic mental illness. The solution is frequently a simple one and one that has been used for years in various circles of pediatric care. Jello, custard, or other such products, consisting of some carbohydrate and protein in a comparatively vast amount of water, is frequently tolerated well, because it is in a "solid-like" form. For example, a five-year-old girl with congenital rubella, who would only swallow solid foods, was spared intravenous hydration by simply administering Jello along with the solid diet. Thus I would like to
Frequency, correlates, and clinical implications of myocardial perfusion after primary angioplasty and stenting, with and without glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition, in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Costantino O. Costantini, Gregg W. Stone, Roxana Mehran, Eve Aymong, Cindy L. Grines, David A. Cox, Thomas Stuckey, Mark Turco, Bernard J. Gersh, James E. Tcheng, Eulogio Garcia, John J. Griffin, Giulio Guagliumi, Martin B. Leon, Alexandra J. Lansky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Histologic scoring of liver biopsy in focal nodular hyperplasia with atypical presentation
Authors: Aurélie Fabre, Pascale Audet, Valérie Vilgrain, Bich N. Nguyen, Dominique Valla, Jacques Belghiti, Claude Degott
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

The contribution of radio-guided transcutaneous biopsy in the diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver was compared with the findings on surgical specimens to assess its contribution in clinical and radiologic atypical cases. This retrospective study involved 30 patients with atypical tumors on imaging who underwent liver biopsy and then surgery. All surgical specimens were diagnosed as FNH, either classical (n = 18) or nonclassical (n = 12). Imaging data were reviewed according to 4 radiologic criteria on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computed tomography (CT) scan (hypervascularity, homogeneity, nonencapsulation, and presence of a central scar), and classified depending on the number of criteria found (group I, 4 of 4; group II, 3 of 4; group III, 2 or fewer). Histologic assessment of ultrasound (US)-guided liver biopsy recorded major diagnostic features (fibrous bands, thick-walled vessels, reactive ductules, and nodularity) and minor features (sinusoidal dilatation and perisinusoidal fibrosis). “Definite FNH” (3 or 4 major features) was diagnosed in 14 biopsies, “possible FNH” (2 major and 1 or 2 minor features) in 7 cases, and “negative for FNH” (2 or fewer major features without minor features) in 9 cases. The diagnosis of FNH on biopsy was reached in 14 cases (58.3%) in patients with 2 or fewer imaging criteria (group III; n = 24). Biopsies with a diagnosis of “possible FNH” corresponded to a large proportion of telangiectatic-type FNH on the specimen. In conclusion, liver biopsy does not appear to be necessary in cases in which imaging is typical. However, the absence of radiologic diagnostic criteria in FNH does not preclude a positive diagnosis on liver needle biopsy. Using the proposed histologic scoring system, surgical management may be avoided in these cases.
Brucellosis with Pancytopenia
Authors: EDWARD C. LYNCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

The unique occurrence of severe pancytopenia and splenomegaly in a young woman with brucellosis is reported. Hemoglobin was 6.2 g/100 ml; total leukocyte count, 2,200/mm3; platelet count, 12,000/mm3; and reticulocyte percentage, 4.3. Six of 8 blood cultures grew Brucella abortus. The hematological abnormalities and the splenic enlargement disappeared after treatment with tetracycline and streptomycin. Hypersplenism was the most likely mechanism of the anemia, granulocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The direct Coombs' reaction was initially positive and became negative after effective treatment of the brucellosis. The positive antiglobulin reaction in this patient may have resulted from either the brucellosis or from prior transfusions.
Deregulated Myc Requires MondoA/Mlx for Metabolic Reprogramming and Tumorigenesis
Authors: Patrick A. Carroll, Daniel Diolaiti, Lisa McFerrin, Haiwei Gu, Danijel Djukovic, Jianhai Du, Pei Feng Cheng, Sarah Anderson, Michelle Ulrich, James B. Hurley, Daniel Raftery, Donald E. Ayer, Robert N. Eisenman
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
Pigeon-Breeders' Lung
Authors: Charles E. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Three patients had many episodes of an acute interstitial pneumonitis after exposure to pigeons which they bred as a hobby. Laboratory examinations showed leukocytosis and elevated γ-globulin, but no evidence of specific infections. Inhalation of pigeon feathers or aerosols of pigeon droppings or serum in the hospital reproduced an episode of the disease. Each patient had high titers of precipitating antibody to extracts of pigeon feathers or droppings and to pigeon serum or egg. Skin tests with these antigens produced neither immediate nor delayed reactions. The disease is considered to be of allergic origin, similar to the illness produced by other antigens in farmers' lung, bagassosis, mushroom-pickers' disease, and maple-bark strippers' disease.
7 TREATMENT OF DECOMPENSATED HBV-CIRRHOSIS: RESULTS FROM 2-YEARS RANDOMIZED TRIAL WITH TELBIVUDINE OR LAMIVUDINE
Authors: E.J. Gane, H.L. Chan, G. Choudhuri, D.J. Suh, A. Chutaputti, R. Safadi, T. Tanwandee, S. Thongsawat, N. Assy, S.K. Sarin, W. Bao, A. Trylesinski, C. Avila
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Reporting Drug Side Effects: Signals and Noise
Authors: Jerry Avorn
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The timely, accurate recognition of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) presents a fascinating and important challenge for the health care system. At the premarketing level, there must be a delicate balance in requiring clinical studies that are of adequate power to define the benefits and risks of a medication but that are not so cumbersome or lengthy as to drag on excessively, preventing the introduction of useful new agents into practice. The premarketing phase is complicated further by the fact that it is statistically impossible for large numbers of important high-risk patients to be included to answer every plausible question about adverse effects. In the case of the elderly, improvement still needs to be made in including sufficient numbers of typical "old" elderly, in addition to the 66-year-old all-stars sometimes presented as adequate geriatric representation. For some frail or demented elderly, as for pregnant women and children, ethical concerns may arise
Massive Ovarian Hyperstimulation with Clomiphene Citrate
Authors: Anna L. Southam
Journal: JAMA (1962)

CLOMIPHENE CITRATE (l-[p-(B-diethylaminoethoxy) phenyl]-l,2-diphenyl-2-chloroethylene), which is a nonproprietary name for the code name MRL/41, is an analogue of the synthetic, nonsteroid estrogen, chlorotrianisene. This compound is of interest because its administration to women with a wide variety of nonovulatory menstrual abnormalities frequently results in apparent ovulation. It is the purpose of this report to present a case of massive bilateral ovarian enlargement, multiple corpora lutea, ascites, and hydrothorax in association with the administration of MRL/41. Report of a Case The patient, an 18-year-old unmarried female, was first seen in February, 1961. Menarche occurred at Age 11, but menses were always scant and occurred at 2- to 7-month intervals. She was 63 in. tall and weighed 95 lb. (43.0 kg.). Hair distribution was normal except for a male-type pubic escutcheon. The breasts were small with well developed glandular tissue. External genitalia were normal except for a slightly enlarged clitoris. Rectal examination
LIGAND-INDUCED MOVEMENT OF LYMPHOCYTE MEMBRANE MACROMOLECULES
Authors: Emil R. Unanue, William D. Perkins, Morris J. Karnovsky
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

The fate of different complexes on the membrane of thymocytes and spleen lymphocytes was studied with the use of both immunofluorescence and ultrastructural radioautography. The complexes of anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) with the surface Ig of B lymphocytes were present all around the membrane at 4 degrees C; an increase in temperature produced a rapid aggregation of the complex into a cap which was readily interiorized in vesicles. Ultrastructural details of this process were given. The movement of the complexes depended upon the amount of anti-Ig and the temperature. The complexes of anti-lymphocyte antibody with surface antigen(s) did not result in formation of a single large aggregate (or cap) unless an anti-antibody was brought into the reaction. The caps formed by this trilayered complex were not interiorized. Concanavalin A (Con A) bound to cell surface carbohydrate moieties and the complexes of Con A readily formed a cap and were interiorized. Finally, antibodies to H-2 determinants did not form in most instances a single cap aggregate even when anti-antibodies were used. With time the H-2 complexes tended to form several large aggregates with some endocytosis.
Mobile medical emergency units in France-part II.
Authors: N Drouet
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Doctors worldwide are becoming increasingly aware of the need for transporting some patients under medical supervision and optimum conditions by using mobile medical or paramedical units. With proper treatment and resuscitative procedures before their arrival at the casualty department, patients are less likely to die at the roadside or in an ambulance. Furthermore, the condition of patients which is already precarious is less likely to deteriorate. In this day and age patients should not arrive at an accident and emergency unit in a worse clinical state than when they left the accident. Mobile emergency medical units have been set up worldwide and particularly in France. The unit at St Julien-en-Genevois is a typical example (see part II).
As Trials Advance for a Malaria Vaccine, Policy Makers Urged to Plan for Its Use
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Another 2.4 million health professionals needed, says WHO
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The World Health Organization has called for a 10 year global action plan to expand medical training and stem the “haemorrhaging that threatens [healthcare] workforce stability,” thus enabling health systems to tackle disease and achieve global goals on health. It says that an extra 2.4 million doctors, nurses, and midwives are needed in the world, with critical staff shortages in 57 countries, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia. …
Clinical Aspects of Membranous Nephropathy.
Authors: Jacob Churg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Clinical Aspects of Membranous Nephropathy.Jacob Churg, M.D., Theodore Ehrenreich, M.D., Marvin H. Goldstein, M.D., Edith Grishman, M.D., Kurt Lange, M.D., F.A.C.P., Jerome G. Porush, M.D., F.A.C.P., Stuart L. Yunis, M.D.Jacob Churg, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Theodore Ehrenreich, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Marvin H. Goldstein, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Edith Grishman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Kurt Lange, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Jerome G. Porush, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Stuart L. Yunis, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1179_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMembranous nephropathy is a primary renal disease characterized by diffuse thickening of glomerular capillaries and massive proteinuria with nephrotic syndrome. It is also known as membranous glomerulonephritis and Ellis type II nephritis. Capillary thickening is caused by proteinaceous subepithelial deposits and progressive widening of the basement membrane. Among 60 patients there was a slight male preponderance. The ages ranged from 3 to 79 years, almost half being in the 40 to 60 age group. The duration of disease ranged up to 17½ years, and the average follow-up was 3 years. In three fourths of the patients there was a full-blown... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1179-1179KeywordsAge groupsBasement membraneCapillariesGlomerulonephritisMembrane proteinsNephritisProteinuriaRenal diseases Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Association between genetic polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenoceptor and response to albuterol in children with and without a history of wheezing.
Authors: F D Martinez, P E Graves, M Baldini, S Solomon, R Erickson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) agonists are the most widely used agents in the treatment of asthma, but the genetic determinants of responsiveness to these agents are unknown. Two polymorphic loci within the coding region of the beta2AR have been recently described at amino acids 16 and 27. It has been reported that glycine at codon 16 (Gly-16) is associated with increased agonist-promoted downregulation of the beta2AR as compared with arginine-16 (Arg-16). The form of the receptor with glutamic acid at codon 27 (Glu-27), on the other hand, has been shown to be resistant to downregulation when compared with glutamine-27 (Gln-27), but only when coexpressed with Arg-16. To assess if different genotypes of these two polymorphisms would show differential responses to inhaled beta2AR agonists, we genotyped 269 children who were participants in a longitudinal study of asthma. Spirometry was performed before and after administration of 180 microg of albuterol, and a positive response was considered an increase of >15.3% predicted FEV1. There was marked linkage disequilibrium between the two polymorphisms, with 97.8% of all chromosomes that carried Arg-16 also carrying Gln-27. When compared to homozygotes for Gly-16, homozygotes for Arg-16 were 5.3 times (95% confidence interval 1.6-17.7) and heterozygotes for beta2AR-16 were 2.3 times (1.3-4.2) more likely to respond to albuterol, respectively. Similar trends were observed for asthmatic and nonasthmatic children, and results were independent of baseline lung function, ethnic origin, and previous use of antiasthma medication. No association was found between the beta2AR-27 polymorphism and response to albuterol. These results may explain some of the variability in response to therapeutic doses of albuterol in children.
Genitourinary medicine clinics may not see young men who have sex with men before they become infected with human papillomavirus (HPV)
Authors: E. Clarke, C. Burtenshaw, M. Goddard, R. Patel
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Stanley and colleagues discuss the need to vaccinate all young people against human papillomavirus (HPV).1 Genitourinary medicine clinics may help in preventing HPV infection by offering vaccination opportunistically to men who have sex with men (MSM), but they may miss many young MSM.

An Australian study of 200 MSM aged 16-20 found that the proportion of men with HPV infection increased with …
No endotoxin detected in plasma of patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: O MAKI-IKOLA, J MERTSOLA, K GRANFORS, P KUUSELA, K LEHTINEN, R VON ESSEN, H SAXEN
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

Endotoxin has long been known to be an important virulence factor for Gram negative bacteria. It is chemically classified as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and it is one of the major constituents of the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria. This molecule is also known to be responsible for many injurious effects of Gram negative bacterial infections and thus is clinically important.1 

The pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is still unknown. A microbial aetiology has been suggested, as increased faecal carriage of Klebsiella spp, as well as increased antibody values, particularily against the LPS part of K pneumoniae have been reported in AS patients.2 3 Furthermore, Wagener et al 4 have reported that the plasma endotoxin concentrations were increased in approximately …
Nutritional Hypophosphatemic Rickets in a Premature Infant Fed Breast Milk
Authors: Jonelle C. Rowe, Daniel H. Wood, David W. Rowe, Lawrence G. Raisz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

HUMAN milk has been increasingly recommended as an optimal food source for infants. It offers immunologic protection against infection, encourages maternal-infant bonding and may protect the premature infant against necrotizing enterocolitis.1 , 2 Although human milk may be an ideal nutrient for term infants, there is doubt about its adequacy in providing correct nutrition for premature infants.1 , 3 As methods of providing adequate calories have improved, the growth rate of the premature infant may approach that of the fetus in utero. This rapid growth may unmask nutritional inadequacies of human milk that were not apparent at slower growth rates. For example, the very . . .
Candida tropicalis: A Major Pathogen in Immunocompromised Patients
Authors: JOHN R. WINGARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Of 89 consecutive patients undergoing treatment for hematologic malignancies or undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, 60 were colonized with Candida albicans and 25 with C. tropicalis. However, of the 18 disseminated infections caused by Candida species, 15 infections in 14 patients were caused by C. tropicalis and only three infections in three patients by C. albicans. The setting in which the infection occurred, skin lesions, polyarthralgias, or polymyalgias, and the unexplained deterioration of renal function were features suggestive of the diagnosis. Defervescence occurred in 10 of the 14 treated patients with C. tropicalis infections in 1 to 6 d (mean, 2.5 d) after initiation of therapy, even though all continued to be granulocytopenic. Resolution occurred in eight of the 15 C. tropicalis infections. In one case outcome was indeterminate, four patients died due to the infection, and two died from other causes but with the infection unresolved.