tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Albuminuria is associated with too few glomeruli and too much testosterone
Authors: David A. Long, Maria Kolatsi-Joannou, Karen L. Price, Cecile Dessapt-Baradez, Jennifer L. Huang, Eugenia Papakrivopoulou, Mike Hubank, Ron Korstanje, Luigi Gnudi, Adrian S. Woolf
Journal: Kidney International (2013)

Normally, the glomerular filtration barrier almost completely excludes circulating albumin from entering the urine. Genetic variation and both pre- and postnatal environmental factors may affect albuminuria in humans. Here we determine whether glomerular gene expression in mouse strains with naturally occurring variations in albuminuria would allow identification of proteins deregulated in relatively 'leaky' glomeruli. Albuminuria increased in female B6 to male B6 to female FVB/N to male FVB/N mice, whereas the number of glomeruli/kidney was the exact opposite. Testosterone administration led to increased albuminuria in female B6 but not female FVB/N mice. A common set of 39 genes, many expressed in podocytes, were significantly differentially expressed in each of the four comparisons: male versus female B6 mice, male versus female FVB/N mice, male FVB/N versus male B6 mice, and female FVB/N versus female B6 mice. The transcripts encoded proteins involved in oxidation/reduction reactions, ion transport, and enzymes involved in detoxification. These proteins may represent novel biomarkers and even therapeutic targets for early kidney and cardiovascular disease.
Immediate and late outcome after carotid angioplasty (PTA) and stenting
Authors: Sanjay S. Yadav, Gary S. Roubin, Sriam S. Iyer, Peter King, J.Michael Parks, Suresh P. Jain, Christopher Goods, Jirí Vriek, Ronald L. Levine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
908. Design and Optimization of U7snRNAs for Skipping of Exon 51 in DMD: Promising Tools for Future Clinical Trials
Authors: Aurelie Goyenvalle, Adeline Vulin, Stephanie Lorain, Annemieke Aartsma-Rus, Judith C.T. van Deutekom, Olivier Danos, Luis Garcia
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Most cases of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are caused by dystrophin gene mutations that disrupt the mRNA reading frame. In some cases, forced exclusion of a single exon can restore the reading frame, given rise to a shorter, but still functional dystrophin protein (so called quasi-dystrophin). One potential treatment of the disorder has utilized antisense oligoribonucleotide (AO) to induce removal of disease-associated exons during pre-mRNA processing. Indeed, this approach has been successfully used in DMD cells in vitro with antisense sequences against splice junctions of exon 51. Skipping of this exon would theoretically restore a functional quasi- dystrophin in a significant subset of DMD patients with Δ45-50,Δ47-50,Δ48-50, Δ49-50, Δ50 and Δ52 genotypes. However, since the AO are not self-renewed, they can not achieve long term correction. To overcome this limitation, we have introduced antisense sequences into small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) and vectorized them in AAV and lentiviral vectors. We have designed AAV and lentiviral vectors harboring chimeric U7 snRNA carrying antisense sequences against exon 51 of the human dystrophin gene (U7-ex51). Lentiviral vectors expressing this U7-ex51 were tested on human myoblasts, whereas AAV vectors were injected in the transgenic hDMD mice (carrying the human dystrophin gene). We confirmed the skipping of the exon 51 in vitro in human myoblasts after transduction with the lentiviral vector encoding U7-ex51 by RT-PCR. We also detected the skipping of the exon 51 after intramuscular injection of an AAV-U7ex51 vector in the transgenic hDMD mouse. We have also tested the efficacy of these vectors to restore dystrophin expression in myoblasts from patients with Δ49-50 and Δ52 deletions. In this study, we provide evidence that efficient skipping of exon 51 can be achieved in human cells and also in vivo after intramuscular injection in a transgenic hDMD mice through U7snRNA shuttle. These results offer very promising tools for clinical treatment of DMD.
Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
Authors: Joseph C. Masdeu
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their survey of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia in Washington State, Dr Back and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report that among the 12% of physicians who received requests for physician-assisted suicide, there was a range of 1 to 20 requests per physician. Likewise, among the 4% of physicians who received requests for euthanasia, the range was from 1 to 10 requests per physician. It is unlikely that chance alone explains the clustering of requests to a few physicians. This finding suggests that physicians' attitudes toward termination of life might be a significant factor in eliciting requests from patients. To help clarify this point further, the authors should provide the frequency distribution of requests by physician, and information regarding whether physicians who had more requests had a greater likelihood of providing medication per request than those who had fewer requests. The authors conclude that "patient requests for physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia
Expression of the elastolytic cathepsins S and K in human atheroma and regulation of their production in smooth muscle cells.
Authors: G K Sukhova, G P Shi, D I Simon, H A Chapman, P Libby
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Formation of the atherosclerotic intima must involve altered metabolism of the elastin-rich arterial extracellular matrix. Proteases potentially involved in these processes remain unclear. This study examined the expression of the potent elastases cathepsins S and K in human atheroma. Normal arteries contained little or no cathepsin K or S. In contrast, macrophages in atheroma contained abundant immunoreactive cathepsins K and S. Intimal smooth muscle cells (SMC), especially cells appearing to traverse the internal elastic laminae, also contained these enzymes. Extracts of atheromatous tissues had approximately twofold greater elastase-specific activity than extracts of uninvolved arteries, mostly due to cysteine proteases. Cultured human SMC displayed no immunoreactive cathepsins K and S and exhibited little or no elastolytic activity when incubated with insoluble elastin. SMC stimulated with the atheroma-associated cytokines IL-1beta or IFN-gamma secreted active cathepsin S and degraded substantial insoluble elastin (15-20 microg/10(6) cells/24 h). A selective inhibitor of cathepsin S blocked > 80% of this elastolytic activity. The presence of cathepsins K and S at sites of vascular matrix remodeling and the ability of SMC and macrophages to use these enzymes to degrade elastin supports a role for elastolytic cathepsins in vessel wall remodeling and identifies novel therapeutic targets in regulating plaque stability.
Expression of the Iron Hormone Hepcidin Distinguishes Different Types of Anemia in African Children
Authors: Sant-Rayn Pasricha, Sarah H. Atkinson, Andrew E. Armitage, Shivani Khandwala, Jacobien Veenemans, Sharon E. Cox, Lucy A. Eddowes, Theodore Hayes, Conor P. Doherty, Ayse Y. Demir, Edwin Tijhaar, Hans Verhoef, Andrew M. Prentice, Hal Drakesmith
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

The iron hormone hepcidin correctly identifies African children in whom iron supplementation is most likely to be beneficial.
Cost-effective Sampling of Serum Creatine Kinase in Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Earl Earl
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Fisher and colleagues (1983;249:393) should be complimented for their interest and effort in promoting cost-effective use of the clinical laboratory. The authors suggest that it is more cost-effective to sample serum creatine kinase (CK) on an every 12-hour (Q12hr) than an every 24-hour (Q24hr) basis in treating patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (MI). Lest clinicians alter their practices in a manner not intended by the authors, it should be emphasized that the authors' conclusion is valid only if the duration of sampling in the Q12hr strategy is 24 hours, while that in the Q24hr strategy is 48 hours. Since none of the patients found to have diagnostic CK elevations were missed by either the Q12hr or Q24hr methods, the effectiveness comparison hinges on the frequency with which "clinically important" underestimation (≥500 units/L) or peak CK occurs in each strategy. In the study of Fisher and
God at the Bedside
Authors: Jerome Groopman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Not long ago, in the oncology clinic where I work, my patient Anna Angelo asked me to pray to God. At the time, prayer was far from the forefront of my mind. Anna (her name has been changed to maintain confidentiality) is a 71-year-old woman from Boston's North End with long-standing cardiac and hepatobiliary disease. Six years ago, breast cancer developed. The tumor was incurable from the time of diagnosis, since it had already spread to bone. The cancer cells tested positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors, and Anna was treated with a series of hormonal agents, which, over the . . .
Cancer Risk in Population Examined With Diagnostic Doses of 131I
Authors: L.-E. Holm, K. E. Wiklund, G. E. Lundell, N. A. Bergman, G. Bjelkengren, U.-B. C. Ericsson, E. S. Cederquist, R. S. Lindberg, H. V. Wicklund, J. D. Boice, M. E. Lidberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Previously, we conducted a study of 35,074 patients receiving diagnostic doses of 131I for suspected thyroid disorders between 1951 and 1969. We reported that, between 1958 and 1984, the incidence of thyroid cancers in these patients was insignificantly greater than the incidence expected in the general population. This increase was attributed to the underlying condition that prompted the examination and not to the administration of 131I. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the total cancer risk in the same cohort of patients examined with diagnostic doses of 131I. To further evaluate the underlying risk of disease in these patients, we compared the incidence of all cancers with that expected in the general population. The average radiation dose was approximately 500 mGy to the thyroid and less than 10 mGy to other organs. In the 35,074 patients, 3,746 cancers occurred following the first 5 years after examination, and the resulting standardized incidence rate (SIR) was 1.01 (95% confidence interval = 0.98-1.04). SIRs were significantly increased for endocrine tumors other than thyroid cancer (1.93) and for lymphomas (1.24), leukemias (1.34), and nervous system tumors (1.19). The risk of leukemia was similar for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (SIR = 1.30) and non-CLL (SIR = 1.34). SIR was significantly decreased for cancers of the female genital organs (0.86). The risk for cancer of all sites and types combined was highest 5-9 years after examination (SIR = 1.07) and did not differ from unity thereafter. With greater than or equal to 10 years of follow-up, risk was not statistically associated with the dose of 131I. Overall, the data exclude cancer risk increments greater than 5% (SIR = 1.05) with 95% confidence. The significant increase in the risk of non-CLL, a prominent radiogenic malignancy, however, warrants special attention. We are continuing our study to determine the possible factors involved in the significant increase in the risk of leukemia.
Antigen-specific T-cell responses in patients with non–IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy are predominantly skewed to TH2
Authors: Hideaki Morita, Ichiro Nomura, Kanami Orihara, Koichi Yoshida, Akira Akasawa, Hiroshi Tachimoto, Yoshikazu Ohtsuka, Yoshiyuki Namai, Masaki Futamura, Tetsuo Shoda, Akio Matsuda, Norio Kamemura, Hiroshi Kido, Takao Takahashi, Yukihiro Ohya, Hirohisa Saito, Kenji Matsumoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Canadian doctor travelling to Gaza is detained in Egyptian prison
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Two Canadians, a doctor and a filmmaker, have begun a hunger strike a month after being detained without charges during recent unrest in Egypt.

Tarek Loubani, assistant professor of emergency medicine at the University of Western Ontario, and John Greyson have been held in Cairo’s Tora prison since they were detained on 16 August.

The two men had stopped in Egypt on their way to …
Radionuclide Simultaneous Dual-Isotope Stress Myocardial Perfusion Study Using the ???Three Window Technique
Authors: DAVID C. YANG, ELIEZER RAGASA, LAWRENCE GOULD, MING HUANG, C V R REDDY, BARRY SAUL, DAVID SCHIFTER, DEBORAH RAINALDI, CARMEN FELD, RAMESH A. TANK, SHING-YEE LEE, JOSEPH GIOVANNIELLO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Several methods are available for performing radionuclide stress myocardial perfusion studies. All of these methods require two separate acquisition and processing iterations, which is time-consuming and inconvenient for the patient. The authors introduce a new method using the "three window technique" that they developed to perform simultaneous dual-isotope imaging for stress myocardial perfusion studies. In addition to TI-201 and Tc-99m windows centered at 70 KeV and 140 KeV, respectively, a third window centered at 105 KeV, representing scattered radioactivity from Tc-99m, is established. By subtracting the radioactivity in the third window from the radioactivity in the TI-201 window, "crosstalk" interference is significantly reduced. The simultaneous dual-isotope imaging method acquires and processes resting and stress myocardial perfusion images simultaneously. It halves imaging time and doubles patient throughput, improves scheduling flexibility, and reduces patient waiting time and discomfort.
Successful treatment of right atrial thrombus in a patient with Beh,cet's disease.
Authors: I F Islim, M D Gill, D Situnayake, R D Watson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

C(omparison o)ts )OOgilal (ll! b'/il)l/ filllg fl CI(C pI().itivct1iI nc'Ztiv' RA pcltiu'11t
Variations in plasma apolipoprotein C-III levels are strong correlates of the triglyceride response to a high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet and a high-carbohydrate diet
Authors: W. Roodly Archer, Sophie Desroches, Benoît Lamarche, Olivier Dériaz, Nancy Landry, Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson, Jean Bergeron, Patrick Couture, Nathalie Bergeron
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
Cutaneous Myxoid Cyst
Authors: Waine C. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Analysis of 43 cutaneous myxoid cysts in 40 patients with lesions of the fingers and toes revealed the most common clinical appearance to be a soft or fluctuant cystic nodule. The pathogenesis consists of fibroblastic proliferation in the corium, an increased production of hyaluronic acid by these fibroblasts, and an associated decrease or absence of collagen formation. Hyaluronic acid accumulates between the collagen fibers, eventually replaces the collagen, and usually results in formation of cystic spaces in the corium. No evidence was found to support origin from joint cavities, tendon sheaths, or bursae. Local surgical excision and other destructive methods resulted in a fairly high rate of recurrence. Injection of triamcinolone into the lesion is a simple and effective method of treatment.
Effects of minoxidil on coronary collateral flow and acute myocardial injury following experimental coronary artery occlusion
Authors: P. RADVANY, M. A. DAVIS, J. E. MULLER, P. R. MAROKO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Journal Article Effects of minoxidil on coronary collateral flow and acute myocardial injury following experimental coronary artery occlusion Get access PAULO RADVANY, PAULO RADVANY 1 From the Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 1Dr Radvany's present address is: Cardiovascular Unit, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHAEL A. DAVIS, MICHAEL A. DAVIS From the Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES E. MULLER, JAMES E. MULLER From the Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PETER R. MAROKO PETER R. MAROKO From the Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 12, Issue 2, February 1978, Pages 120–126, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/12.2.120 Published: 01 February 1978
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as a potential radio- and chemo-protectant
Authors: Renee V. Gardner
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Interferons (IFN) have had increasing clinical usage in the treatment of a variety of disorders, at times being used in combination with chemo- or radiotherapy. However, interferons may have inhibitory effects on hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and the effects of this cytokine's use on long-term hematologic function have not been studied. We performed the competitive repopulation assay in the murine system, using cells exposed to irradiation or single-dose chemotherapy with or without concomitant IFN-γ use. IFN-γ alone had no deleterious effects on hematopoietic stem cell productivity. We measured the repopulating ability of exhaustible multilineage precursors that were present at early stages of marrow repopulation after competitive repopulation (30 days). These progenitors were minimally impacted by cyclophosphamide (CTX) with or without IFN-γ. Irradiation (XRT) and CTX alone produced significant repopulating defects in the most primitive hematopoietic stem cell, PHSC. Addition of IFN to either treatment regimen resulted in protection of PHSC, with improved repopulating ability, although the levels of donor marrow reached control levels only when CTX and IFN were used together. The results of multiple use of IFN with chemotherapy must be studied further, but IFN may offer hematologic radio- and chemoprotection, in addition to its antitumor properties in clinical protocols for treatment of cancers. Am. J. Hematol. 58:218–223, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Clinical outcome and virologic profiles of severe hepatitis B exacerbation due to YMDD mutations
Authors: Man-Fung Yuen, Takanobu Kato, Masashi Mizokami, Annie On-On Chan, John Chi-Hang Yuen, He-Jun Yuan, Danny Ka-Ho Wong, Siu-Man Sum, Irene Oi-Lin Ng, Sheung-Tat Fan, Ching-Lung Lai
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Failure of Topical Amphotericin B in Cryptococcosis
Authors: LUIS FELIPE FAJARDO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters1 May 1973Failure of Topical Amphotericin B in CryptococcosisLUIS FELIPE FAJARDO, M.D.LUIS FELIPE FAJARDO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-777 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Intravenous amphotericin B has produced clinical improvement or cure in 72% of patients with cryptococcal meningitis, a condition that was almost uniformly fatal before the advent of this drug (1). Little is known, however, about the response of cryptococcosis to topical amphotericin B, mainly because localized, accessible lesions are rare. The condition and treatment of the patient described below permitted a sequential study of the effect of topical amphotericin B on a cryptococcal infection.A 45-year-old white man had Hodgkin's disease in a cervical lymph node. He was treated sucessfully with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Seven years later...References1. LITTMAN M and WALTER J: Cryptococcosis: current status. Am J Med 45:922-932, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. NOBLE R and FAJARDO L: Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis. Review and morphologic study. Am J Clin Pathol 57:13-22, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. EDWARDS M, GORDON M, and LAPA E: Micromorphology of Cryptococcus neoformans. J Bacteriol 94:766-777, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SAROSI G, SILVERFARB P, and TOSH F: Cutaneous cryptococcosis: a sentinel of disseminated disease. Arch Dermatol 104:1-3, July 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LUIS FELIPE FAJARDO, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOpportunistic/nosocomial infections. Treatment and developmental therapeutics. I. Cryptococcosis 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 777-778KeywordsAmphotericinChemotherapyCryptococcal meningitisCryptococcosisDrugsHodgkin lymphomaLesionsLymph nodesPatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
ELBOW FRACTURES AND THE X-RAY.
Authors: W. W. GRANT
Journal: JAMA (1901)

There are, no doubt, those who think we have reached the highest excellence in the treatment of most fractures, but none who are familiar with the treatment and results of elbow fractures and<i>x</i>-ray disclosures will be deluded by the brilliant achievements of this surgical age. There are still more things in surgery and medicine than are dreamt of in our philosophy. My purpose is to present for consideration some mooted questions in the treatment of these elbow injuries and the importance of the facts disclosed by the<i>x</i>-ray in the future treatment of fractures. Allis, years ago, called attention to the importance of maintaining the normal angle of the humerus and ulna in the treatment of fractures of the lower end of the humerus, because of its influence on the carrying function of the arm. He treats the arm in extension because he believes it best maintains
Platelet activation and secretion associated with emotional stress.
Authors: S P Levine, B L Towell, A M Suarez, L K Knieriem, M M Harris, J N George
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Platelets are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and of the vascular obstruction that causes the acute complications of coronary artery disease. Since specific behavioral patterns appear to be related to the development of coronary artery disease and since emotional stress may predispose an individual to acute cardiovascular ischemia, it was hypothesized that platelet activation by catecholamines might be involved in these events. To study emotional stress, plasma samples were obtained from 61 senior medical residents immediately before they were to speak in public. There were significant increases in the plasma concentrations of the platelet-secreted proteins platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin and epinephrine and norepinephrine immediately before speaking, which demonstrates that platelet activation and secretion occur in association with this type of emotional stress. Four trials were carried out to study the mechanism for this observed platelet secretion: (1) phenoxybenzamine, (2) propranolol, (3) 650 mg aspirin, and (4) 80 mg aspirin were given several hours before the public speaking engagement. Neither phenoxybenzamine nor propranolol in doses that blocked the hemodynamic effects of alpha 1- and beta 1-adrenergic stimulation modified platelet secretion. Aspirin also did not block platelet secretion, which suggests that platelets were not being stimulated through a cyclooxygenase-dependent pathway. This study provides direct evidence of platelet secretion in vivo in association with emotional stress, and underscores the potential importance of platelet activation and secretion in the acute events that occur in patients with vascular disease.