tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surgical removal of third molars problems in middle age
Authors: R Hopkins, P Leopard, P G McAndrew, J Shepherd, M R Brickley, G R Seward
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - Jonathan P Shepherd and Mark Brickley suggest that the prophylactic removal of third molars should be abandoned.1 In my clinical experience some patients carry their asymptomatic unerupted third molars with them to the grave, as suggested by Shepherd and Brickley, while others present with acute surgical and medical problems at any age up to that event. Unpublished data of the British United Provident Association (BUPA) show that a significant number of patients present in middle age and beyond with acute problems arising from their third molars; at this time not only their bone but also their cardiovascular system is brittle. Their reduced powers of recovery are such that what is an unpleasant experience in the late teens and early 20s can become a major surgical problem with hazards of mandibular fracture, nerve damage, and anaesthetic and medical complications.

Few surgeons will disagree with the statement that the prophylactic removal of third molars should be abandoned, but prophylaxis requires definition. Take, for example, a patient who presents with an acute or chronic peritonitis arising from a non-functional impacted third molar and becomes asymptomatic after antibiotic treatment. Should the tooth be removed before reinfection develops? The patient may be referred to hospital and refuse surgery with local anaesthesia. Should other impacted but asymptomatic third molars be removed under the same general anaesthesia? There is little difference in cost unless admission is required later for their surgical removal, again under general anaesthesia. Social convenience and recuperative powers are usually never better than in a young adult.

Shepherd and Brickley are ideally suited to set up a long term study into the morbidity produced by symptomatic third molars presenting in middle age and later. Postponing the surgical and medical morbidity of impacted teeth until then may be a high price to …
<i>Helicobacter pylori </i>infection potentiates the inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole
Authors: D Gillen, A A Wirz, W D Neithercut, J E S Ardill, K E L McColl
Journal: Gut (1999)

Omeprazole has a greater intragastric pH elevating effect in Helicobacter pylori positive than negative subjects. Ammonia production by H pylori has been suggested as a probable mechanism.To assess the effect of H pylori status on gastric acid secretion during omeprazole treatment, and to examine the possible role of ammonia neutralisation of intragastric acid in increased omeprazole efficacy in infected subjects.Twenty H pylori positive and 12 H pylori negative healthy volunteers were examined before and six to eight weeks after commencing omeprazole 40 mg/day. On both occasions plasma gastrin and acid output were measured basally and in response to increasing doses of gastrin 17 (G-17). Gastric juice ammonium concentrations were also measured.Prior to omeprazole, measurements were similar in the H pylori positive and negative subjects. During omeprazole, median basal intragastric pH was higher in the H pylori positive (7.95) versus negative (3.75) subjects (p<0.002). During omeprazole basal, submaximal (180 pmol/kg/h G-17), and maximal acid outputs (800 pmol/kg/h G-17) were lower in H pylori positive subjects (0.0, 3.6, 6.0 mmol/h respectively) versus negative subjects (0.3, 14.2, 18.6 mmol/h) (p<0.03 for each). This effect was not explained by neutralisation by ammonia.The presence of H pylori infection leads to a more profound suppression of acid secretion during omeprazole treatment. The effect cannot be explained by neutralisation of intragastric acid by bacterial ammonia production and its precise mechanism has to be explained.
Unusual Reaction to Chlorpromazine
Authors: E. H. Hare
Journal: BMJ (1958)

MEDICAL JOURNAL in cacodylate buffer pH 6.5, and stated that it was not identical with Hb C, Hb S, Hb D, or Hb G.However, to our surprise, he said that Buginese X in this buffer moved more rapidly than Hb S and Hb D. We have found, on repeated examinations by paper electrophoresis, that Buginese X in phosphate buffer pH 6.5 was slower than Hb C, Hb S, and Hb D. One wonders whether the difference in findings at pH 6.5 was due to the different buffers or the different supporting media used.Dr. Itano also examined our haemoglobin in the Tiselius apparatus in barbitone buffer of pH 8.6, ionic strength 0.1 and found that it migrated more rapidly than Hb E and C and more slowly than Hb S, in both the ascending and the descending limbs.This finding is in agreement with ours on paper electrophoresis with the same buffer of the same pH.As it has been confirmed by different laboratories that Buginese X differs from all other known haemoglobins, it should be allotted a letter.N was the letter most recently used to designate haemoglobin Liberian I (personal com- munication by Dr. James V. Neel).So far as we know, the letter 0 has not yet been used, and therefore Buginese X should be called Hb 0. Dr. James V. Neel agreed with this choice.Distribution and Incidence of Hb 0 Haemoglobin 0 has so far been found only in persons who originate from the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.The only blood specimen containing Hb 0 obtained in Djakarta was from a pure Buginese from Sulawesi.We have found Hb 0 in the following ethnic groups: 6 Hb 0 carriers among 455 Buginese in South Sulawesi 3 ,, ,, ,, 136 Makassars in South Sulawesi t ,, , ,, 107 Gorontalo in North Sulawesi 1 ,, ,. ,, 77 Toradjas who originate from Central Sulawesi but who were living in Makassar.
Lipid transfer protein–linked hazelnut allergy in children from a non-Mediterranean birch-endemic area
Authors: Annebeth E. Flinterman, Jaap H. Akkerdaas, Constance F. den Hartog Jager, Neil M. Rigby, Montserrat Fernandez-Rivas, Maarten O. Hoekstra, Carla A. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, André C. Knulst, Ronald van Ree, Suzanne G. Pasmans
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Double-blind trial of oral 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 versus placebo in asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism in patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis.
Authors: D E Memmos, J B Eastwood, L B Talner, P E Gower, J R Curtis, M E Phillips, G D Carter, J Alaghband-Zadeh, A P Roberts, H E de Wardener
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Fifty-seven patients who had been receiving maintenance haemodialysis for a mean of 4.6 years were given 0.25-0.5 microgram oral 1,25-dihydroxy (1,25-(OH)2) vitamin D3 or a placebo in a double-blind manner for one to two years. In patients with normal radiographs (mean plasma parathyroid hormone concentration 205 microliterEq/ml) 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3 prevented the development of the radiological appearances of hyperparathyroidism. In patients with abnormal radiographs (mean plasma parathyroid concentration 709 microliterEq/ml) 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3 arrested or reversed the radiological changes of hyperparathyroidism. Nevertheless, the response was slow and the concentration of the hormone remained considerably raised (mean 445 microliterEq/ml). It is concluded from these results that giving 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3 to patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis who have normal hand radiographs or minimal erosions is beneficial. In patients with more advanced hyperparathyroidism parathyroidectomy should be considered unless there is a rapid response.
An evaluation of the potential to use tumor-associated antigens as targets for antitumor T cell therapy using transgenic mice expressing a retroviral tumor antigen in normal lymphoid tissues.
Authors: J Hu, W Kindsvogel, S Busby, M C Bailey, Y Y Shi, P D Greenberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

A major obstacle to the development of T cell therapy for the treatment of human tumors has been the difficulty generating T cells specifically reactive with the tumor. Most of the characterized human tumor antigens have been classified as tumor associated, because of demonstrable expression at low levels in some normal cells, and thus have not been extensively studied as potential targets of a therapeutic immune response. However, the quantitative difference in expression of such antigens between the tumor and normal cells might permit the generation of antigen-specific T cells capable of selective antitumor and not autoimmune activity. To address this issue, transgenic (TG) mice were generated that expressed low levels of Friend murine leukemia virus (FMuLV) envelope protein in lymphoid cells under the control of an immunoglobulin promoter. This protein is expressed at high levels by a Friend virus-induced erythroleukemia of C57BL/6 (B6) origin, FBL, and has been shown to serve as an efficient tumor-specific rejection antigen in B6 mice. The env-TG mice were tolerant to envelope, as reflected by the failure to detect an envelope-specific response after in vivo priming and in vitro stimulation with preparations of FMuLV envelope. However, adoptively transferred envelope-specific T cells from immunized non-TG B6 mice mediated complete eradication of FBL tumor cells in TG mice, and did not induce detectable autoimmune damage to TG lymphoid tissues. The transferred immune cells were not permanently inactivated in the TG mice, since donor T cells responded to envelope after removal from the TG mice. The lack of autoimmune injury did not reflect inadequate expression of envelope by TG lymphocytes for recognition by T cells, since TG lymphocytes functioned effectively in vitro as stimulators for envelope-specific T cells. The results suggest that this and analogous strains of TG mice may prove useful for elucidating principles for the generation and therapeutic use of tumor-reactive T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens.
Dual Blockade of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Induced Pathways: A New Avenue to Treat Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Pierre Laurent-Puig, Gilles Manceau, Jessica Zucman-Rossi, Hélène Blons
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2011.40.1190 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print March 12, 2012 PMID: 22412137 Dual Blockade of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Induced Pathways: A New Avenue to Treat Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Pierre Laurent-PuigxPierre Laurent-PuigSearch for articles by this author Gilles ManceauxGilles ManceauSearch for articles by this author Jessica Zucman-RossixJessica Zucman-RossiSearch for articles by this author Hélène BlonsxHélène BlonsSearch for articles by this author Show More Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) –S775; and Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, FranceUniversité Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité; and INSERM UMR-S775, Paris, FranceUniversité Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM UMR-S674; and Assistance Publique— Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, FranceUniversité Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM UMR-S775; and Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, France https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.40.1190 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2012 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Symposium II
Authors: Shellie C. Josephs, Howard A. Rowley, Geoffrey D. Rubin
Journal: Circulation (2008)

O ver the past 10 years, there has been a rapid adoption of new technology that has allowed us to image the vascular system in a noninvasive manner with greater speed and improved resolution.The "gold standard," catheter-based angiography, is now more often used with therapeutic interventions rather than purely diagnostic studies.Catheter-based angiography is being replaced by computerized tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for carotid, renal, and peripheral vascular diagnostic examinations.The goal of this writing group is to review the evidence-based approach to selection of imaging modalities; however, regional availability and expertise are recognized as important factors in the selection of imaging modalities.
Case of Colica Pictonum, with Blue Discoloration of the Gums
Authors: H. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1841)

COLICA PICIONUIM. 343 other.The broad end is received by the vesel that contains the fluid, and the pointed end either rests upon the dressings of the affected part, or is suspended immediately over them.The water is taken up by the strip of cloth, and carried along it on the prnciple of capillary attraction, or in the manner of a syphon; and thus a continued supply of water is conductedto the part, affected, without inconvenience or exposure to the patient.In or- der to get rid of the fluid, there is a concave bottom, perforated with large holes, through which the fluid passes into the inferior part of the box, and from which it is conveyed by a tube into any vessel that may be placed outside the bed for the purpose of receiving it.The perforated bot- tom, for the sake of cleanness, is made to take out; and there is a soft cushion, covered with
Corticosteroid induced osteoporosis in severe menstrual asthma. Steroid sparing drugs may be useful.
Authors: A. U. Wells
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Brompton Grand RoundCorticosteroid induced osteoporosis in severe menstrual asthma -N 5 Steroid sparing drugs may be usefulThe prevalence and severity of asthma has increased _ 5....... recently despite increases in drug prescriptions. I I lAlthough asthma is easy to manage in most cases, many patients remain poorly controlled.'This is especially the case im unstable or "brittle" asthma, including premenstrual asthma,2 in which lung function may fall precipitously.These patients often require very high doses of corticosteroids to prevent life threatening attacks and are at high risk ofdeveloping osteoporosis?.lRecently, attention has focused on the use of steroid sparing drugs, and methotrexate seems particularly promising in this regard.4We present a case of difficult premenstrual asthma which highlights these issues.Royal Brompton and Casehistory National Heart Hospital, A 26 year old woman with life long asthma was London SW3 6HP referred to our hospital in July 1987.She had first been Case presented by: admitted to hospital at the age of 14, shortly after the A U Wells, medical registrar onset of menstruation; she was admitted to hospital Chairman: K F Chung, twice a year until the age of 18 when her asthma sednior lecturer in thoracic worsened, necessitating 20 admissions a year over the medicine next five years.During the 12 months before referral
When the Air Hits Your Brain: Tales of Neurosurgery
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The text of the introduction to<i>When the Air Hits Your Brain</i>repeats the back cover: "Neurosurgery is an arrogant occupation." The neurosurgeon author writes, "The greatest mystery of creation resides in a few pounds of greasy flesh and blood. Only the neurosurgeon dares to improve upon five billion years of evolution in a few hours," and, "When an unfortunate homo erectus plummeted from a cliff, suffering the first hominid injury, mankind learned of the exquisite vulnerability of the pink goo between their ears." These excerpts exemplify the range of expression in this book of episodes in the life and education of the author, who is now associated with Western Pennsylvania Hospital in Pittsburgh. After an introduction to neurosurgical training as a medical student, he was hooked. Cushing, the archetypical neurosurgeon (a "gray, chain-smoking male," according to Dr Vertosick), endlessly exploited the public's fascination with his infant specialty. Neurosurgeons are
Decreased Intoxication by Fluorouracil When Slowly Administered in Glucose
Authors: Henry M. Lemon
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Moderate to severe systemic intoxication resulting from rapid intravenous injection of 5-fluorouracil in cancer chemotherapy has been reduced from an incidence of 50% to 60% to 6% in a series of 83 patients by use of infusions in 5% glucose over 8 hours. Doses of 10 to 25 gm per patient per course have been tolerated with minimal toxic reactions. There was objective palliation of metastases in 27% from drug therapy alone, and in a further 10% by treatment combined with hormonal or x-ray therapy. Avoidance of intoxication by slow intravenous infusion has broadened the opportunities for use of this drug in ambulatory therapy of colorectal, biliary tract, ovarian, and mammary cancer.
MYO5B and bile salt export pump contribute to cholestatic liver disorder in microvillous inclusion disease
Authors: Muriel Girard, Florence Lacaille, Virginie Verkarre, Raphael Mategot, Gerard Feldmann, Alain Grodet, Frédérique Sauvat, Sabine Irtan, Anne Davit-Spraul, Emmanuel Jacquemin, Frank Ruemmele, Dominique Rainteau, Olivier Goulet, Virginie Colomb, Christophe Chardot, Alexandra Henrion-Caude, Dominique Debray
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Microvillous inclusion disease (MVID) is a congenital disorder of the enterocyte related to mutations in the MYO5B gene, leading to intractable diarrhea often necessitating intestinal transplantation (ITx). Among our cohort of 28 MVID patients, 8 developed a cholestatic liver disease akin to progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). Our aim was to investigate the mechanisms by which MYO5B mutations affect hepatic biliary function and lead to cholestasis in MVID patients. Clinical and biological features and outcome were reviewed. Pretransplant liver biopsies were analyzed by immunostaining and electron microscopy. Cholestasis occurred before (n = 5) or after (n = 3) ITx and was characterized by intermittent jaundice, intractable pruritus, increased serum bile acid (BA) levels, and normal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. Liver histology showed canalicular cholestasis, mild-to-moderate fibrosis, and ultrastructural abnormalities of bile canaliculi. Portal fibrosis progressed in 5 patients. No mutation in ABCB11/BSEP or ATP8B1/FIC1 genes were identified. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated abnormal cytoplasmic distribution of MYO5B, RAB11A, and BSEP in hepatocytes. Interruption of enterohepatic BA cycling after partial external biliary diversion or graft removal proved the most effective to ensure long-term remission. Conclusion : MVID patients are at risk of developing a PFIC-like liver disease that may hamper outcome after ITx. Our results suggest that cholestasis in MVID patients results from (1) impairment of the MYO5B/RAB11A apical recycling endosome pathway in hepatocytes, (2) altered targeting of BSEP to the canalicular membrane, and (3) increased ileal BA absorption. Because cholestasis worsens after ITx, indication of a combined liver ITx should be discussed in MVID patients with severe cholestasis. Future studies will need to address more specifically the effect of MYO5B dysfunction in BA homeostasis. (Hepatology 2014;60:301–310)
F-18 FDG PET/CT in Primary Gastric Small Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mark Tulchinsky
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

This report illustrates F-18 FDG PET/CT findings in primary gastric small cell carcinoma, an extremely rare and aggressive malignancy. There are similarities in its clinical behavior and response to chemotherapy with that of pulmonary small cell carcinoma. This case provides further support for this similarity by demonstrating intensely avid F-18 FDG uptake in the viable gastric small cell carcinoma and its metastases.
Community Diabetes Care in the 1980s
Authors: Robert M Anderson, George E Hess, Wayne K Davis, Roland G Hiss
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

This is a study of diabetes care and care outcomes for patients under the active care of private physicians. Randomly selected communities, physicians, and patients in Michigan were the subjects of this study. Data on the care practices of physicians and patients and care outcomes were collected from 1980 to 1981 and again in 1985 from eight communities, 61 physicians, and 261 patients. We found that the use of multiple injections of insulin and self-monitoring of blood glucose increased significantly, whereas hospitalizations for diabetes control decreased. The mean glycosylated hemoglobin values for this cohort of patients remained unchanged. The study results suggest that, for patients under the active care of community physicians, modern methods of diabetes care are being implemented, but the results of improved care do not show an impact on blood glucose control as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin values. The study was not designed to establish causation for the decrease in hospitalizations for these patients, but the data suggest that decreases may be more a function of changes in health-care policies rather than changes in patient health.
William Marshall Walker
Authors: A. Walker
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former general practitioner Glasgow (b Glasgow 1926; q Glasgow 1950), d 15 March 2002.

After national service in the Royal Army Medical Corps, Marshall Walker joined a practice in Hillington and Govan, Glasgow, where he remained until he retired. During his years in practice he saw the change from a surgery in his home and a Glasgow tenement to custom-built health centres with appointment systems. Although Marshall was beset by increasing cardiac problems, he and his wife, Jean, were able to travel all over the world, and he had time to devote to his collection of Clyde river steamer photographs. He leaves Jean; four children; and eight grandchildren.
Therapeutic Group Analysis
Authors: Joseph G. Kepecs
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This is an excellent, clearly conceptualized, and well-written book on group therapy. Dr. Foulkes is a well-trained psychoanalyst, who has maintained his analytic identity. Though an expert on groups, he continues to support the value of individual analysis in transference neuroses. He compares and contrasts individual and group analysis in an unusually clear, accurate, and enlightening fashion. He maintains that the group situation is the most powerful therapeutic agency available, and that group analysis can be as intensive as individual analysis. In group therapy supportive, socializing factors are predominant unless analytic means are specifically used. In group analysis the transference is central, but has a "here and now" emphasis, rather than the focus on repetition of childhood reactions which characterizes individual analysis. The important group analytic processes called mirror reactions (in which one sees parts of himself in others), role playing, and dramatization are emphasized. Group analytic therapy is described
Synthetic neoglycopolymer-recombinant human collagen hybrids as biomimetic crosslinking agents in corneal tissue engineering
Authors: Kimberley Merrett, Wenguang Liu, Debbie Mitra, Kenneth D. Camm, Christopher R. McLaughlin, Yuwen Liu, Mitchell A. Watsky, Fengfu Li, May Griffith, Deryn E. Fogg
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Selective radiosensitization of p53–deficient cells by caffeine–mediated activation of p34cdc2 kinase
Authors: Siu-Long Yao, Adil J. Akhtar, Karen A. Mckenna, Gauri C. Bedi, David Sidransky, Mack Mabry, Rajani Ravi, Michael I. Collector, Richard J. Jones, Saul J. Sharkis, Ephraim J. Fuchs, Atul Bedi
Journal: Nature Medicine (1996)
Guidelines from the British Hypertension Society: Numbers are missing
Authors: Peter Davies
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Cholesterol values seem to divergeEditor-The targets for cholesterol management seem to be ever decreasing, but I cannot get my head around the fact that in the new guidelines from the British Hypertension Society box 8 suggests we should consider treatment if the 10 year risk of cardiovascular disease is > 20% and the total cholesterol level is > 3.5 mmol/l but the target to be attained, which is printed beside box 8, is higher, 4 mmol/l. 1 Can someone explain this anomaly to a simple general practitioner who will have to explain it to patients?