tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EXTRA-MURAL SHOCK THERAPY
Authors: LOUIS WENDER, BENJAMIN H. BALSER, DAVID BERES
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1943)

1. A series of 40 cases of mild psychotic illness and severe psychoneurosis is presented. These cases were treated by electric shock therapy given in the private offices of their physician or as out-patients at the Hillside Hospital. 2. This procedure was found to be entirely practicable and without untoward results, providing certain precautions were observed. 3. The results were similar to those in the hospital treatment of such cases. From a statistical point of view, our results should not be compared with hospital material, as this is an especially chosen group in whom the prognosis was definitely better than in the average run of cases. The benefits accruing to these patients, other than the immediate therapeutic results obtained, consisted of the avoidance of hospitalization, the continued contact with the normal environment, and the continuation of occupational activities in certain cases. 4. The importance of follow-up psychotherapy is emphasized and should form an integral part of the management of these cases.
477 HIV CO-INFECTION IS AN INDEPENDENT FACTOR IN DETERMINING VACCINE SCAPE MUTANTS AMONG HEPATITIS B CHRONIC PATIENTS IN BRAZIL
Authors: M.C. Mendes-Corrêa, J.R.R. Pinho, M.S. Gomes-Gouvea, S. Chachá, A.L.C. Martinelli, C.F. Guastini, A.C.S. Santos, M.C.P. Soares, O.H.M. Leite, D.E. Uip
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Low Prevalence of Postural Hypotension Among Community-Dwelling Elderly
Authors: Scott L. Mader
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Postural hypotension (PH) has a prevalence of about 20% in most large studies of elderly individuals; however, these studies do not exclude subjects with diseases and medications known to cause PH. We sought to determine the prevalence of PH in healthy, community-living, elderly individuals in contrast to those with known risk factors for the condition. We measured supine and one-minute standing blood pressures in 300 independently living elderly persons who visited a senior citizen health screening program. Subjects were divided into two groups: those with known risk factors (n =175) and those without (n =125). The prevalence of PH (systolic decrease, ≥20 mm Hg) for the entire population was 10.7% In the group with risk factors, the prevalence was 13.7% (24/175), compared with 6.4% in the group without risk factors (8/125). Supine hypertension was associated with PH, but there was no relationship between the presence of PH and age, history of falls, symptoms on standing, or recent meal. These data suggest that PH is a relatively uncommon finding in healthy elderly, its prevalence is significantly related to risk factors, and its association with falls or symptoms may be less than previously reported. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:1511-1514)
Review of neural tube defects: risk factors in parental occupation and the environment.
Authors: B M Blatter, M van der Star, N Roeleveld
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

We conducted a study of published work to evaluate the evidence for the hypothesis that environmental exposure and parental occupation are risk factors for neural tube defects. As other risk factors such as maternal illnesses, medication, and dietary factors have been reviewed before, this review only summarizes this information. In studies concerning environmental pollution, only a few weak associations were found. It appears that specific studies on the topic of parental occupation and neural tube defects are scarce. Therefore, studies on broader malformation categories, such as central nervous system defects, were also taken into account. Both maternal and paternal occupation seem to be associated with the occurrence of neural tube defects. However, results are not always consistent with each other, and relevant recommendations concerning prevention thus cannot be given before more studies with larger populations are conducted to confirm or refute the findings reviewed.
Doublecortin-like Kinase Controls Neurogenesis by Regulating Mitotic Spindles and M Phase Progression
Authors: Tianzhi Shu, Huang-Chun Tseng, Tamar Sapir, Patrick Stern, Ying Zhou, Kamon Sanada, Andre Fischer, Frédéric M. Coquelle, Orly Reiner, Li-Huei Tsai
Journal: Neuron (2006)
Additive effect of intravascular complement activation and brief episodes of hypoxia in producing increased permeability in the rabbit lung.
Authors: G L Larsen, R O Webster, G S Worthen, R S Gumbay, P M Henson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Systemic complement activation with intravascularly administered cobra venom factor (CVF) or infusion of either zymosan-activated rabbit plasma or a fifth component of complement fragment with anaphylatoxin activity in the rabbit have not caused significant increases in bronchoalveolar lavage albumin in rabbits (Webster, R. O., G. L. Larsen, B. C. Mitchell, A. J. Goins, and P. M. Henson. 1982. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 125:335-340). To assess if another stimulus (hypoxia) acting in concert with complement activation can produce significant lung injury, rabbits were challenged with CVF alone, 10 min of 12% oxygen alone, or CVF followed by a 10-min exposure to 12% oxygen. Either stimulus alone caused no significant changes in arterial oxygen, pulmonary resistance, or dynamic compliance during the 240 min of observation after either stimulus, and neither stimulus alone caused increased albumin accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage over a 30-min period at the end of the experiment. However, the combination of insults significantly altered arterial oxygen, pulmonary resistance, and dynamic compliance while also increasing albumin and neutrophils recovered by lavage. The increase in lavage albumin did not appear to be due to hemodynamic events in that the pulmonary artery pressure increased acutely after CVF infusion and again during the hypoxic exposure, but was normal when albumin accumulation in the lung was measured. Neutrophil depletion with nitrogen mustard abolished all of these changes induced by CVF plus hypoxia. In addition, meclofenamate pretreatment and infusion during the 4-h study abolished the increases in lavage albumin and neutrophils as well as the increase in pulmonary artery pressure after CVF. Meclofenamate pretreatment did not, however, block accumulation of albumin in the lung (interstitium). We conclude that complement activation, as an isolated event, will not cause a significant increase in lavage albumin in this model. However, combining complement activation with an episode of hypoxia will lead to an increase in lavage albumin that is dependent on the presence of neutrophils for its expression. Meclofenamate treatment will prevent increases in lavage albumin and neutrophils while not preventing albumin accumulation in the lung (interstitium), suggesting a product of the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism is needed to produce movement of albumin and/or neutrophils across the alveolar epithelium in this model.
Analysis of HLA-D micropolymorphism by a simple procedure: RNA oligonucleotide hybridization.
Authors: C Ucla, J J van Rood, J Gorski, B Mach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Recent progress in the molecular genetics of HLA class II antigens has revealed the existence of multiple loci and of a large degree of polymorphism, with more individual alleles than was expected. An accurate detection and analysis of this extensive polymorphism is essential for optimal HLA typing for transplantation and for a reevaluation of HLA-disease association. Because of the limitations of the current typing methods, including restriction fragment length polymorphisms, we have proposed a DNA typing procedure based on hybridization with loci- and allele-specific oligonucleotides. Here we present a much simpler way of analyzing class II micropolymorphism down to the level of single nucleotide differences. RNA oligonucleotide typing (ROT) relies on RNA dot blots and requires 10-20 ml of blood. It is shown that with appropriate oligonucleotide probes, ROT can reliably and unambiguously identify any polymorphism at any of the HLA loci, including new alleles, not identified with previous methods. This illustrates the importance of oligonucleotide typing to optimize HLA matching, in particular for transplantation involving unrelated donors.
N-isopropyl-p-[I-123]lodoamphetamine Lung Imaging in a Patient with Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Authors: SHIGERU KOSUDA, SHUNJI KAWAHARA, KOHEI TAMURA, NAOKI ISHIKAWA, AKIFUMI ONO, ATSUSHI KUBO, SHOZO HASHIMOTO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

A patient with a brain infarct was found to have chronic pulmonary embolism associated with perfusion defects on blood flow imaging with N-isopropyl-p-[I-123]iodoamphetamine (I-123 IMP). However, gradually increasing uptake of I-123 IMP was seen in later images, in areas distal to the embolus. The increased uptake to the embolized lung seemed to be through the systemic collateral circulation.
Stem cells for all seasons? Experimental and clinical issues
Authors: S. Eridani
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Stem cells, by definition, are capable of total or partial differentiation as well as self-renewal. The most primitive stem cells, in many people's opinion, are those derived from the blastocyst inner cell mass1. Such embryonic germ cells can be maintained in culture for a long time if an appropriate cytokine, leukaemia inhibitory factor, is present in the culture medium. They remain pluripotent; but, if the cytokine is removed, they can be modulated to produce various cell lines, from blood islands to neurons and epithelia2. These cells therefore meet the criteria of being able to divide symmetrically to expand their number and to divide asymmetrically in order to self-renew and give rise to a differentiated progeny3. However, there is no evidence that blastocyst cells self-renew in vivo and obviously they are not working over the entire lifespan of the organism, as stem cells should. Therefore they cannot be regarded as true stem cells, while among so-called germ-line stem cells (oocytes and sperm-producing cells) only male spermatogonial cells are present in mammals over the lifetime: oocytes are produced in a finite number near the time of birth. I confine this review to cells that can self-renew for the entire lifespan of the organism.
Photo-onycholysis associated with the use of doxycycline
Authors: Anneke Passier, Astri Smits-van Herwaarden, Eugène van Puijenbroek
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Envenoming resulting from snake bites is a serious public health problem in many regions of the world. The aim of this study is to describe the difficulties in the management of envenomation in the prefecture of San in Mali. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study of snake bites cases, recorded in the Health Reference Center of San (Ségou region) in 2001–2003, was conducted. <h3>Results</h3> During the period of study, 88 victims were received and treated at the Health Reference Center of San. Of these, 42% were farmers and 6,8% shepherds. Adults 15 years and over were most commonly concerned because of their socio-professional activities (cattle breeding, gathering [3DOTS]). The majority (50,6% of reported cases) were occurred during fieldwork, 24,7% during nature walks and 9,4% during picking<i>.</i> Snakes belong to the Viperidae family (<i>Bitis arietans</i>, <i>Echis ocellatus</i>) and the Elapidae family (<i>Naja nigricolis</i>). In 50,6% of cases, the bite was on the lower limb<i>,</i> 48,2% on the upper limb and 1,2% on the trunk. According to data available, 28,4% of envenomated patients have benefited from antivenom administered intravenously. The average length of stay in hospital was 3 days, with a range of 12 hours to 11 days. Among the 29 cases for whom the evolution is known, 7 of them died. For other cases, the outcome was favourable with or without sequelae. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Concerted action is needed to ensure adequate supplies of effective antivenom to develop systems that deliver high quality health care.
A third of young US adults lack health insurance
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Nearly 13 million (30%) American adults aged between 20 and 29 years lacked health insurance in 2008, a new survey has found.

Inability to pay prevented 10% of young adults from obtaining medical care they needed and 12% from collecting prescribed drugs they needed in the previous 12 months. 

The survey results, released by the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, show that young adults were twice as likely as adults aged 30-64 years to be uninsured (31% versus 17%). A quarter of young adults without insurance (21%) had unmet medical needs, four …
Rectal burn induced by hot coffee enema
Authors: L. Jones, W. Norris
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 47-year-old woman underwent a self-administered coffee enema with hot water for bowel cleansing. She immediately evacuated the enema because of intense rectal pain. She was referred to our clinic 72 hours later with a 3-day history of hematochezia, rectal pain, and pain with defecation. Flexible sigmoidoscopy revealed erythematous, ulcerated mucosa extending to approximately three-fourths the circumference of the rectal mucosa and 18 cm in length ([Fig. 1]). There was normal mucosa beyond 18 cm. The patient was sent home with stool softeners. Hematochezia continued for 3 days, after which bowel movements became normal. Pain with defecation continued for 5 days. By the 7th day all symptoms had resolved completely. On the 15th clinical day, endoscopy showed improvement of the rectal mucosa with decreased erythema ([Fig. 2]). By 6 weeks after initial presentation, the rectal mucosa was normal ([Fig. 3]) and the patient had recovered well without any complications such as rectal stricture.
TCTAP A-166 Angiographic Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of the Use of Dual Therapy Stent
Authors: Jiang Ming Fam, Rena Cai Zuan Lim, Yee How Lau, Kay Woon Ho, Chee Tang Chin, Paul Toon Lim Chiam, Khung Keong Yeo, Jack Wei Chieh Tan, Soo Teik Lim, Tian Hai Koh, Aaron Sung Lung Wong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A Primer of Cardiology.
Authors: Harold D. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The current edition contains 19 more pages of text than its predecessor. It adds a brief discussion of cor pulmonale, and of dye detection and other tracer curves used in studying congenital cardiac defects. A number of new and useful graphs are included in the appendix. Although a few statements here and there in the text may be questioned, such points are of little moment and detract in no way from the general excellence of this highly successful work. The wisdom and sanity of the author can be illustrated no better than by quoting from a paragraph newly added to the section on angiography: "Unfortunately, there is a trend today for the younger clinicians to use dramatic and heroic procedures for the study of the cardiac patient. This is expensive for the patient, dangerous and usually unnecessary. The well trained and keen cardiologist can solve accurately most of the problems
Should Physicians Accept Gifts From Patients?
Authors: Laurie J. Lyckholm
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
De subitaneis mortibus. XI. Young girl with palpitations.
Authors: T N James, R J Marilley, H J Marriott
Journal: Circulation (1975)

A seventeen-year-old girl in apparent good health was found dead in bed one morning. Two clinical features of note were multiple premature beats present in her electrocardiograms for several years, and a tall thin habitus without stigmata of Marfan's syndrome. At necropsy examination the heart was grossly normal. At its margin abutting the central fibrous body the atrioventricular (A-V) node exhibited numerous fronds and outcroppings, some forming loop connections from one part of A-V node to another. Groups of A-V nodal cells detached from the A-V node were also found connected to the crest of the interventricular septum. There were large connections directly from the His bundle to the crest of the interventricular septum (Mahaim fibers). The A-V node artery was moderately narrowed but patent. The possible significance of these findings in the pathogenesis of re-entrant arrhythmias or ectopic automaticity is discussed.
Individualized Education in Appropriateness of Prescribing-Reply
Authors: Phil R. Manning
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Barr is justifiably concerned that relying on limited information may give incorrect impressions of prescribing practices. The educational response in that case would not be linked correctly to an educational need. Members of the Prescription Review Committee (PRC) in our approach are in fact sensitive to the limited data available to them and are aware that extenuating circumstances may exist. Identification of possible problems, however, allows us to make inferences from the data as to what education would be of benefit. The physician then determines the applicability of the educational advice in relationship to the extenuating circumstances. In our approach the physician may challenge the PRC's educational comments and may enter into dialogue by mail with the Committee. We thus rely on the physician to validate or reject the Committee's conclusions and advice. Incidentally, we have been impressed with the good quality of prescribing that the physicians
ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE IS INCREASED BY METOPROLOL SUCCINATE, BUT NOT BY NEBIVOLOL, IN HYPERTENSION
Authors: Thomas D. Giles, Ramprasad Kandavar, Yusuke Higashi, Wei Chen, Christopher Blackstock, Sergiy Sukhanov, Gary Sander, Louise Roffidal, Patrice Delafontaine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
A Phase 1 Trial and Pharmacokinetic Study of Cediranib, an Orally Bioavailable Pan–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor, in Children and Adolescents With Refractory Solid Tumors
Authors: Elizabeth Fox, Richard Aplenc, Rochelle Bagatell, Meredith K. Chuk, Eva Dombi, Wendy Goodspeed, Anne Goodwin, Marie Kromplewski, Nalini Jayaprakash, Marcelo Marotti, Kathryn H. Brown, Barbara Wenrich, Peter C. Adamson, Brigitte C. Widemann, Frank M. Balis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

To determine the toxicity profile, dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of cediranib administered orally, once daily, continuously in children and adolescents with solid tumors.
Analysis of Left Ventricular Function by Atrial Pacing
Authors: JOHN O. PARKER, FAREEDUDDIN KHAJA, ROBERT B. CASE
Journal: Circulation (1971)

With the technique of right atrial pacing, left ventricular function was assessed in 21 normal subjects and in 13 patients with elevated left ventricular filling pressures. Since cardiac output does not change significantly with atrial pacing, the stroke volume decreases as an inverse function of the pacing rate. Stroke volume can thus be varied over a wide range, and by simultaneous measurement of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, pacing ventricular function curves can be obtained. The calculated average slope for the ventricular function curve relating stroke volume index to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was steeper in the normal subjects than in the group with elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, but considerable overlap occurred between the groups. However, in individual patients the pacing ventricular function curve appears useful in assessment of the effect of interventions that augment or depress ventricular performance.
INTRADERMAL VERSUS SUBCUTANEOUS IMMUNIZATION OF MONKEYS AGAINST POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: F. W. Stewart, C. P. Rhoads
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

1. The introduction of considerable amounts of living, active poliomyelitis virus into the skin and subcutaneous tissue of monkeys protects the animals against intracerebral inoculations of similar virus material. 2. The degree of protection conferred by intradermal is greater than by subcutaneous injection. 3. During intradermal and subcutaneous inoculations, no local or general pathological signs were observed. 4. The degree of protection produced by the immunization methods used is not absolute, since a percentage of the inoculated monkeys respond to intracerebral injections of highly potent virus. 5. The sera of the animals inoculated intradermally or subcutaneously neutralized poliomyelitis virus in vitro, irrespective of the result of intracerebral inoculation, in all except one instance. 6. The power of the serum of treated monkeys to neutralize virus in vitro is a more delicate test of immunity than is the intracerebral inoculation.
Atopic eczema and the home environment
Authors: N.J. Mcnally, H.C. Williams, D.R. Phillips
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

There is strong evidence to suggest that the prevalence of atopic eczema is increasing in developed countries. Environmental factors have been implicated in the disease.This descriptive case-control study sheds light on the possible association between atopic eczema in school children and various home environmental factors, and generates hypotheses for further studies.The study uses data on reported atopic eczema symptoms collected via a cross-sectional parental postal survey (n = 1350) in Nottingham, U.K. Estimates of the risk of reported eczema associated with various home environmental factors were calculated by means of odds ratios (OR), along with population attributable risk percentages.The study showed statistically significant associations between atopic eczema symptoms and dampness in the home [OR 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.97], the use of a radiator to heat the child's bedroom (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.05-2.16) and the use of synthetic pillows (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.01-2.28). Frequent vacuuming in the home was associated with a decreased prevalence of atopic eczema (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.58-0.94). The associations with dampness in the home, synthetic pillows and frequency of vacuuming were not altered significantly after adjustment for age, sex and socio-economic status. Population attributable risk percentages for the use of a radiator and synthetic pillows indicate that although the relative risk estimates for these factors may be small, the population impact of these factors is considerable (26% and 28%, respectively), owing to the high prevalence of exposure to these factors among this group of school children.Further research is needed to confirm these associations and additional research is needed to see whether they might be causative. Practical public health advice about the importance of controlling the home environment may then be targeted at families with atopic eczema.