tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pertussis vaccination and wheezing illnesses in young children: prospective cohort study
Authors: J. Henderson, K. North, M. Griffiths, I. Harvey, J. Golding
Journal: BMJ (1999)

To examine the relation between pertussis vaccination and the prevalence of wheezing illnesses in young children.Prospective cohort study.Three former health districts comprising Avon Health Authority.9444 of 14 138 children enrolled in the Avon longitudinal study of pregnancy and childhood and for whom data on wheezing symptoms, vaccination status, and 15 environmental and biological variables were available.Episodes of wheezing from birth to 6 months, 7-18 months, 19-30 months, and 31-42 months. These time periods were used to derive five categories of wheezing illness: early wheezing (not after 18 months); late onset wheezing (after 18 months); persistent wheezing (at every time period); recurrent wheezing (any combination of two or more episodes for each period); and intermittent wheezing (any combination of single episodes of reported wheezing). These categories were stratified according to parental self reported asthma or allergy.Unadjusted comparisons of the defined wheezing illnesses in vaccinated and non-vaccinated children showed no significant association between pertussis vaccination and any of the wheezing outcomes regardless of stratification for parental asthma or allergy. Wheeze was more common in non-vaccinated children at 18 months, and there was a tendency for late onset wheezing to be associated with non-vaccination in children whose parents did not have asthma, but this was not significant. After adjustment for environmental and biological variables, logistic regression analyses showed no significant increased relative risk for any of the wheezing outcomes in vaccinated children: early wheezing (0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 1.23), late onset wheezing (0.85, 0.69 to 1.05), persistent wheezing (0.91, 0.47 to 1.79), recurrent wheezing (0.96, 0.72 to 1.26), and intermittent wheezing (1.06, 0.81 to 1.37).No evidence was found that pertussis vaccination increases the risk of wheezing illnesses in young children. Further follow up of this population with objective measurement of allergy and bronchial responsiveness is planned to confirm these observations.
876 ACH-3102, A SECOND GENERATION NS5A INHIBITOR, DEMONSTRATES POTENT ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH GENOTYPE 1a HCV INFECTION DESPITE THE PRESENCE OF BASELINE NS5A-RESISTANT VARIANTS
Authors: A. Muir, J. Hill, E. Lawitz, T. Marbury, L. Robarge, H. Robison, J. Hui, M. Huang, A. Agarwal, A. Perelson, M. Deshpande, H. Kocinsky
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Prostate cancer-specific thermo-responsive polymer-coated iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Aniket S. Wadajkar, Jyothi U. Menon, Yuh-Shyan Tsai, Crystal Gore, Timothy Dobin, Leah Gandee, Kim Kangasniemi, Masaya Takahashi, Bikash Manandhar, Jung-Mo Ahn, Jer-Tsong Hsieh, Kytai T. Nguyen
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
VITAMIN A IN A CASE OF ACQUIRED LOCALIZED KERATOSIS PALMARIS ET PLANTARIS AND ONE OF ACQUIRED PACHYONYCHIA.
Authors: A. D. PORTER, H. HABER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1950)

Journal Article VITAMIN A IN A CASE OF ACQUIRED LOCALIZED KERATOSIS PALMARIS ET PLANTARIS AND ONE OF ACQUIRED PACHYONYCHIA. Get access A. D. PORTER, A. D. PORTER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. HABER H. HABER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 62, Issue 9, 1 September 1950, Pages 355–358, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1950.tb15476.x Published: 01 September 1950
Comparative toxicities of different forms of asbestos on rat pleural mesothelial cells.
Authors: M C Jaurand, I Bastie-Sigeac, A Renier, J Bignon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The effects of UICC crocidolite and chrysotile A, either oxalic acid-leached or unleached, on the viability, morphology and growth characteristics of rat pleural mesothelial cells (PMC) were examined; DQ12 quartz particles were also used. When asbestos fibers were added for 48 hr at the beginning of exponential growth, 20 or 50 micrograms/mL of chrysotile fibers were cytotoxic and no growth occurred; with 5 or 10 micrograms/mL a latent period was observed, and the mean population doubling time was increased. Chrysotile ingestion was associated with morphological changes (spreading, intense vacuolation); moreover, a large proportion of the cells was binucleated (more than 30% with 10 micrograms/mL). The oxalic acid-leached chrysotile inhibited growth at a concentration of 50 micrograms/mL; with 5 or 10 micrograms/mL, no spreading occurred, but a shrinkage of some cells was observed. A few large vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm of the cells; there were fewer binucleated cells. Addition of 5 or 10 micrograms/mL of crocidolite, either leached or unleached, did not significantly change the growth rate, in spite of the presence of a large number of fibers inside the cells which persisted when the cells reached confluency. With 20 or 50 micrograms/mL, the mean population doubling time was increased in a dose-dependent manner. A slight vacuolation of the cells occurred. The sample of quartz did not modify the parameters studied in this report. The results confirm the different in vitro reactivities of the two kinds of unleached asbestos fibers. Leaching of chrysotile fibers decreased their reactivity; alternatively, leaching of crocidolite increased the effects on PMC.
NT-PROBNP IS INVERSELY ASSOCIATED WITH LDL-C AND TRIGLYCERIDES BUT FOLLOWING A BIPHASIC PATTERN: THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Otto Alexander Sanchez, Daniel Duprez, Hossein Bahrami, Lori Daniels, Aaron Folsom, Joao Lima, Alan Maisel, Carmen Peralta, David Jacobs
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Fasting gallbladder volume, postprandial emptying and cholecystokinin release in gallstone patients and normal subjects
Authors: Karel J. Van Erpecum, Gerard P. Van Berge Henegouwen, Mark F.J. Stolk, Wim P.M. Hopman, Jan B.M.J. Jansen, Cornelis B.H.W. Lamers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1992)
TCT-611 Impact of Post-Stent Fractional Flow Reserve on Long-Term Adverse Event After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Hirohiko Ando, Hiroaki Takashima, Masanobu Fujimoto, Shigeko Sato, Akihiro Suzuki, Daiki Kato, Shinichiro Sakurai, Soichiro Kumagai, Kazuyuki Maeda, Akiyoshi Kurita, Takashi Kosaka, Yasuo Kuroda, Katsuhisa Waseda, Toyoaki Murohara, Tetsuya Amano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Compromised Host and Infection
Authors: Joel Ruskin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Pneumocystis pneumonia occurred in five adults. Each of them was receiving immunosuppressive drug therapy for underlying lymphoma or systemic lupus erythematosus at the time pneumonitis became evident. Premortem diagnosis of infection was made in three of the patients by open-lung biopsy, and two were treated with specific therapy. Two other patients hospitalized in the same room showed signs of Pneumocystis infection within one week of each other. This experience and data from studies of pneumocystosis within families and in European nurseries suggest that contagion may play a role in acquisition of the infection, although experimental animal models and other reported cases in man imply that activation of already latent infection with Pneumocystis accounts for overt disease. A review of the literature acquaints the reader with problems in diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiology of the disease.
Respiratory Problems in Coal Miners
Authors: W. Keith C. Morgan
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  In his letter (234:915, 1975), Dr Phelps claims that I made certain statements in my commentary on Respiratory Problems In Coal Miners that are misleading and not based on fact. It is unclear to me to which of my statements he is referring.  First, and contrary to what Dr Phelps implies, neither ventilatory studies nor arterial blood gas determinations assess disability; they do, however, give some indication whether pulmonary impairment is present. In this context, I have never claimed that ventilatory studies are useful in coal miners in the determination of occupationally related pulmonary impairment, except in the case of progressive massive fibrosis and possibly industrial bronchitis. Were Dr Phelps to read my commentary again, he would see that I stated that cigarette smoking was five to six times as important as dust exposure in producing airway obstruction—a statement with which he seems to be in agreement.
Detection of auto-antibodies against cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Matteo Vidali, Giuseppa Occhino, Alessandra Ivaldi, Roberto Serino, Stefania Moia, Elisa Alchera, Rita Carini, Cristina Rigamonti, Massimo Sartori, Emanuele Albano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
SILICATE OF SODIUM BANDAGE.
Authors: EUGENE O. BARDWELL
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Gentlemen:—I have frequently conversed with physicians of ability, age and experience, who have never employed and consequently never appreciated the value of silicate of sodium bandage as a permanent dressing in fractures of the long-bones. Silicate of sodium is a solution of silica and sodium carbonate, containing 20 parts of the former to 10 parts of the latter; it is of a syrupy consistence with a specific gravity of from 1,300 to 1,400; it is also called soluble glass or water glass; it possesses many advantages over starch, dextrine, or plaster of paris, in that it is more easily applied, is more uniform in thickness, is more cleanly, and last but not by any means least, it does not contract on drying as do the others. The mode of application is very simple and easy, a common roller bandage is first applied, the joints and bony prominences being protected by
Modeling tumor–host interactions of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in xenografted mice to study tumor biology and evaluate targeted therapy
Authors: S E M Herman, X Sun, E M McAuley, M M Hsieh, S Pittaluga, M Raffeld, D Liu, K Keyvanfar, C M Chapman, J Chen, J J Buggy, G Aue, J F Tisdale, P Pérez-Galán, A Wiestner
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Antibody-mediated autoimmune myocarditis depends on genetically determined target organ sensitivity.
Authors: L Liao, R Sindhwani, M Rojkind, S Factor, L Leinwand, B Diamond
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Injury to cardiac myocytes often leads to the production of anti-myosin antibodies. While these antibodies are a marker of myocardial injury, their contribution to pathogenesis in diseases such as autoimmune myocarditis or rheumatic fever is much less clear. We demonstrate in this report that monoclonal anti-myosin antibodies can mediate myocarditis in a susceptible mouse strain. Additionally, we show disease susceptibility depends on the presence of myosin or a myosin-like molecule in cardiac extracellular matrix. This study demonstrates that susceptibility to autoimmune heart disease depends not only on the activation of self-reactive lymphocytes but also on genetically determined target organ sensitivity to autoantibodies.
Echo phase analysis as an adjunct to endocardial mapping in the WPA syndrome
Authors: Helmut Kuecherer, Joseph A. Abbott, Elias H. Botvinick, J.William O'Connell, Michael W. Dae, Elan D. Scheinman, Melvin D. Scheinman, Nelson B. Schiller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Lecture on Phagocytosis and Immunity
Authors: E. Metschnikoff
Journal: BMJ (1891)

IT is not possible to study the bacteriology of'disease with- out lioticiing tlhat, whlile inl many cases the invading micro- organiisiims are to be founid solely in the fluids of the body, in not a few affections tlhey preselnt tlhemselves inl tlle interior of certain cells, an-d this eitlher partially-soine' being withlinl thte cells, others free in the blood plasma anid the lymplh that latlles tlhe various tissues-or exclusively, all the bacteria that are visible being initracellular.Many of the facts bearinlg uponi the terms of this relationslhip between7 tissue cell and micro-organism are Inow well known, yet it is wortlh whlile to recapitulate the more important, in order to showiv that from them it is possible to gain a general law,7and whlat is more, that from a study of suclh facts some insiglht may be gained into tlte pllenomenia of immunlity.It may, in the first place, be postulated tlhat, wlhenever a micro-organism is discoverable withlin a cell, its passage tlhitlher lhas been by means of protoplasmic movemenits, of amoeboid movements eitlher on the part of thle microbe, or of the cell itself.The first alternative is the rarer, althoughl it certainly exists, and of this the malarial parasite affords an excellent example; for here in the amceboid stage of its ex- isteniee the lirematozoo5n makes its way into the interior of a ((11 that possesses nio active movements of its owni, namely, tlhe redl blood corpusele, an(d from the substance of this cor- puscle the parasite gainis its niourishlment.Otlher sporozoa furniislh instances alinost equally good.More commonily, liowever, as in the case of all bacteria, wlhere we have to (leal vith miero-organisms w-hich, even when mobile, are destitute of protoplasmic appeiidages, it is the cells whiehl play the active part; certain cells include the parasites.Of suchi, the aniebiformn leucocyte of the blood and lymplh is tlhe most typical example, capable, as it is, of sendinig out pseudopodia in all (lireetions, whlile a closely-allied form is the cell of tlhe splenic pulp.But there are also cells, as, for instance, those forming the endothelial lininig of the vessels, whlichl are very definiitely fixed, wlhiel, nevertheless, can give off proto- plasmic processes from tlleir free surface, and so capture and illn'lude l)acteria.All these may be spoken of as Phagocytes, and may be divided into the two broad groups of fixed phIagocytes (endo- tlhelial cells, etc.) and free (leucocytes); not that the terms "plhagocyte" and "leucocyte" are synonymous, forof the latter tlhree main forms may le distinguishled, of whlich one is prac- tically immobile and never takes up bacteria.This is the '..-.,,5X''''1570
Combined Mitral and Tricuspid Valve Repair in Rheumatic Valve Disease
Authors: José M. Bernal, Alejandro Pontón, Begoña Diaz, Javier Llorca, Iván García, J. Aurelio Sarralde, Jesús Gutiérrez-Morlote, Carolina Pérez-Negueruela, José M. Revuelta
Journal: Circulation (2010)

We examined predictors of early and very long-term outcome after combined mitral and tricuspid valve repair for rheumatic disease.Between 1974 and 2002, 153 consecutive patients (mean age, 46.0+/-13.2 years) underwent combined mitral and tricuspid valve repair for rheumatic disease. Mitral disease was predominantly stenosis (82.3%); 100% of patients had organic tricuspid valve disease, predominantly with regurgitation (53.6%) or some degree of tricuspid stenosis (46.4%). Mitral repair included commissurotomy in 132 patients (86.3%) associated with a flexible annuloplasty in 108. Tricuspid valve repair included flexible annuloplasty in 68 patients (44.4%) and suture annuloplasty in 20 patients (13.1%) combined with tricuspid commissurotomy in 62 patients (42.5%). Thirty-day mortality was 5.9%. Late mortality was 60.1%. The median follow-up was 15.8 years (interquartile range, 6 to 19 years). Follow-up was 97.9% complete. Age>65 years was the only predictor of late mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival probability was 74.4% at 10 years and 57.0% at 15 years. Sixty-three patients required valve reoperation (mitral valve, 59; tricuspid valve, 38). Predictors of valve reoperations were either mitral or tricuspid commissurotomy without associated prosthetic ring annuloplasty. At 20 years, Kaplan-Meier freedom from reoperation was 48.5+/-5.1%.Combined mitral and tricuspid valve repair in rheumatic disease showed satisfactory early results. Long-term results were poor because of high mortality and a high number of valve-related reoperations. The use of prosthetic ring annuloplasty was significantly associated with a reduced incidence of both mitral and tricuspid valve reoperations.
Predicting response to anti-<i>TNF</i>-alpha treatment in Hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: G.B.E. Jemec
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Predicting response to anti‐TNF‐alpha treatment in Hidradenitis suppurativa Get access G.B.E. Jemec G.B.E. Jemec Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Dermatology, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde Hospital, Køgevej DK‐4000, Denmark E‐mail: gbj@regionsjaelland.dk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 168, Issue 2, 1 February 2013, Page 233, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12192 Published: 01 February 2013
Does Organic Gardening Foster Foodborne Pathogens?
Authors: Katherine T. DiMatteo
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the Medical News &amp; Perspectives article on<i>Escherichia coli</i>0157:H7, Dr Stephenson writes, "Experts say that increased consumption of organically grown, unprocessed foods produced without fertilizers, pesticides, or preservatives may also be contributing to the problem."<sup>1</sup>From this statement, it is apparent that these unnamed experts are not experts in agriculture and do not understand the standards of organic agricultural production. Dr Tauxe is quoted in the article as saying that organic food is grown in animal manure. In fact, organic farmers rely on compost, cover crops, and crop rotations to fertilize their fields. Tauxe goes on to say that "there are essentially no regulations related to the use of animal manure in agriculture." The application of raw manure in organic production is restricted by industry organic standards,<sup>2</sup>state organic regulations,<sup>3</sup>and also the federal Organic Foods Production Act of 1990,<sup>4</sup>which
PWE-072 Effect Of Chromoendoscopy on Adenoma Detection in the Colon: A Meta-Analysis: Abstract PWE-072 Table 1
Authors: N Mohammed, V Subramanian
Journal: Gut (2013)

Introduction Early adenoma detection is shown to reduce mortality from colorectal cancers. Advances in endoscopy are aimed at improving adenoma detection. Contrast enhancement using dye spray is reported to improve the detection of subtle mucosal changes. We aim to perform a meta-analysis to look at the effect of chromoendoscopy on adenoma detection in the colon. Methods Various electronic databases were searched for articles reporting on detection of polyps during colonoscopy comparing standard while light endoscopy and chromoendoscopy. The pooled mean differences in total number of adenomatous polyps detected, number of right and left sided polyps, advanced and flat adenomas, total number of polyps and number of < 5mm polyps detected was calculated. A fixed effects model was used unless there was significant heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using Funnel plots and Egger’s test and heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q and the I2 test. Results 3714 number of patients from 14 studies were included in the analysis. 7 studies were randomised controlled trials and 7 had a tandem colonoscopy study design. Chromoendoscopy detected significantly higher number of adenomas, advanced adenomas, right and left sided adenomas (Table 1). A significantly higher number for hyperplastic and small (< 5mm) polyps were detected by chromoendoscopy but no differences were noted for detection of flat adenomas. A random effects model was used because there was significant heterogeneity between the studies. There was some publication bias noted on the funnel plot with fewer number of smaller negative studies included. Sensitivity analysis for publication bias using the trim and fill method which did not change the statistical significance of the pooled analysis. View this table: Abstract PWE-072 Table 1 Conclusion Conclusions: Chromoendoscopy improves detection rate of adenomatous polyps compared to conventional white light endoscopy. This seems greater for advanced as well as right sided adenomas, but significantly higher number of hyperplastic and small (< 5 mm) polyps were detected by chromoendoscopy. Future work needs to focus on the cost effectiveness of chromoendoscopy taking into account the increased time and cost of chromoendoscopy and long term outcomes like reduction in colorectal cancer rates between chromoendoscopic and conventional colonoscopy surveillance. Disclosure of Interest None Declared.
Ancient Origin of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 9 Cellulase Genes
Authors: Angus Davison, Mark Blaxter
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

While it is widely accepted that most animals (Metazoa) do not have endogenous cellulases, relying instead on intestinal symbionts for cellulose digestion, the glycosyl hydrolase family 9 (GHF9) cellulases found in the genomes of termites, abalone, and sea squirts could be an exception. Using information from expressed sequence tags, we show that GHF9 genes (subgroup E2) are widespread in Metazoa because at least 11 classes in five phyla have expressed GHF9 cellulases. We also demonstrate that eukaryotic GHF9 gene families are ancient, forming distinct monophyletic groups in plants and animals. As several intron positions are also conserved between four metazoan phyla then, contrary to the still widespread belief that cellulases were horizontally transferred to animals relatively recently, GHF9 genes must derive from an ancient ancestor. We also found that sequences isolated from the same animal phylum tend to group together, and in some deuterostomes, GHF9 genes are characterized by substitutions in catalytically important sites. Several paralogous subfamilies of GHF9 can be identified in plants, and genes from primitive species tend to arise basally to angiosperm representatives. In contrast, GHF9 subgroup E2 genes are relatively rare in bacteria.
An Address ON THE POSSIBLE FUNCTIONS OF THE CEREBRO-SPINAL FLUID: Delivered before the Neurological Section of the Royal Society of Medicine
Authors: W. D. Halliburton
Journal: BMJ (1916)

So munchl lhas witlhin recent years been written about the cerebro-spinal fluid that 1 must apolog,ize for my want of originality in selecting that subject for this addrcss.But however hackneyed the subject, we are still far from possessing comiplete knowledge as to the functionis and significanice of thje fluic.From thle pathlological as well as fromn the plhysiological point of view, we at least know that this remarkable fluid is one of the greatest iimportance, and its careful examination in maniy diseases lhas yielded results of ine ;timable value.During the last few years it is a subject at wvllicl I lhave myself worked, and I hlave been fortuniiate in securing as my collaborator such a skilful and accurate experimenter as my colleague
Subcostosternal Diaphragmatic Hernia as a Site of Small-Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Kelly M. Berkley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

HERNIATIONS through the diaphragm have long interested the embryologist, the radiologist, the clinician and the surgeon. However, the subcostosternal (foramen of Morgagni) variety has not received much attention until recently with the reports of Saltzstein et al.,1 Harrington2 and others. But none of the 78 cases reported presented as an acute small-bowel obstruction. A case with this unusual manifestation stimulated this communication.Case ReportC.A., an 81-year-old woman, was admitted to Highland Hospital, Rochester, New York, on February 1, 1956. She had been ill for 1 week. The illness had begun with vomiting and diarrhea, the diarrhea ceasing in 3 . . .