tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The ankle-brachial index: a predictor of cardiovascular mortality. the san valentino vascular screening study
Authors: Maria Teresa De Sanctis, Lucrezia Incandela, Maria R. Cesarone, Marco Bucci, Andrea Di Renzo, Maura Griffin, George Geroulakos, Mike Sabetai, Andrew N. Nicolaides, Antonio Barsotti, Gianni Belcaro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Pathways As Targets for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Geoffrey I. Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) are critical regulators of cell cycle progression and RNA transcription. A variety of genetic and epigenetic events cause universal overactivity of the cell cycle cdks in human cancer, and their inhibition can lead to both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, built-in redundancy may limit the effects of highly selective cdk inhibition. Cdk4/6 inhibition has been shown to induce potent G 1 arrest in vitro and tumor regression in vivo; cdk2/1 inhibition has the most potent effects during the S and G 2 phases and induces E2F transcription factor–dependent cell death. Modulation of cdk2 and cdk1 activities also affects survival checkpoint responses after exposure to DNA-damaging and microtubule-stabilizing agents. The transcriptional cdks phosphorylate the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, facilitating efficient transcriptional initiation and elongation. Inhibition of these cdks primarily affects the accumulation of transcripts with short half-lives, including those encoding antiapoptosis family members, cell cycle regulators, as well as p53 and nuclear factor-kappa B–responsive gene targets. These effects may account for apoptosis induced by cdk9 inhibitors, especially in malignant hematopoietic cells, and may also potentiate cytotoxicity mediated by disruption of a variety of pathways in many transformed cell types. Current work is focusing on overcoming pharmacokinetic barriers that hindered development of flavopiridol, a pan-cdk inhibitor, as well as assessing novel classes of compounds potently targeting groups of cell cycle cdks (cdk4/6 or cdk2/1) with variable effects on the transcriptional cdks 7 and 9. These efforts will establish whether the strategy of cdk inhibition is able to produce therapeutic benefit in the majority of human tumors.
Preliminary Results Comparing the Sensitizing Potential of Purified ß-Lactoglobulin (BLG) Versus Whey Protein in Germfree (GF) and Conventional C3H/Hen Mice
Authors: Nathan L. Marsteller, Kwame Andoh-Kumi, Daniel A. Peterson, Joe L. Baumert, Richard E. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
GPs condemn Labour for failing the NHS
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

GPs at their annual meeting in London last week sent a resounding message of no confidence in the UK government's handling of the NHS, with the secretary of state singled out for what one representative described as “squandering millions of taxpayers' money . . . and the goodwill of a dedicated profession.”

The motion of no confidence in both the government and Patricia Hewitt, proposed “with regret” by Eric Rose, a GP in Milton Keynes, was carried overwhelmingly by the conference of representatives of local medical committees. Referring to the catchphrase of entrepreneur Sir Alan Sugar in the television show The Apprentice , Dr Rose said, “I hope we will hear some very Sugary words [when Gordon Brown reshuffles the cabinet]—you're fired!” to great applause.

“Ten years ago when Labour came to power, I, …
PLASMA PROTEIN LABELED WITH LYSINE-ϵ-C14
Authors: C. L. Yuile, A. E. O'Dea, F. V. Lucas, G. H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

The metabolism of homologous plasma proteins, labeled with lysine-epsilon-C(14), after oral administration to dogs has been investigated. The speed of the various processes involved is indicated by the maximum rate of C(14) O(2) excretion which is attained within 1 to 4 hours, the prompt appearance of protein activity in the plasma and disappearance of non-protein activity from it, both virtually complete in 7 to 10 hours, as well as the rapid incorporation of a large percentage of the fed-C(14) into tissues. There are no essential differences between the behavior of labeled plasma and that of an amino acid digest containing epsilon-C(14) labeled lysine when these two materials are given orally. At the end of 48 hours after labeled plasma feeding, a CO(2) elimination of 16 to 28 per cent of the fed C(14) is noted. In contrast, after 48 hours following labeled plasma by vein, a CO(2) elimination of only 2.5 per cent is recorded-almost a 10 to 1 ratio. We believe this, together with the data concerning plasma and tissue protein activity, represents a significant difference in the metabolic process. The evidence favors a complete breakdown of plasma protein to the amino acid level when given orally but not when given by vein.
751 RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN 4 (RBP4): A NEW MARKER OF G1 HCV-INDUCED STEATOSIS
Authors: S. Petta, C. Camma, V. Di Marco, F. Barbaria, D. Cabibi, R. Caldarella, S. Ciminnisi, A. Licata, F. Massenti, A. Mazzola, G. Tarantino, G. Marchesini, A. Craxi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Cross-sectional echocardiographic diagnosis of the sites of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.
Authors: D J Sahn, H D Allen, L W Lange, S J Goldberg
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Although there are M-mode echocardiographic criteria for diagnosing total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD), they are not specific and do not provide surgically pertinent informa- tion.In this study, we used either a high-frequency mechanical sector scanner or a new electronically focused linear array to examine 125 infants, age 1 day to 3 months, with congenital heart disease and normal pulmonary venous drainage in order to validate and characterize noninvasive imaging of the pulmonary veins draining into the left atrium.Using a combination of apex and subxiphoid four-chamber views, we could image two pulmonary veins in 96 of the 125 and one pulmonary vein in 118 of the 125 patients.Contrast echoes during cardiac catheterization in two patients suggested that the right and left upper pulmonary veins were most com- monly imaged.In 10 newborns with persistent fetal circulation, we ruled out obstructive TAPVD and avoided catheterization in each by imaging normally draining pulmonary veins.In seven infants with TAPVD proved by catheterization and surgery, the correct diagnosis was achieved prospectively by cross-sectional echo- cardiography, even though it was missed by M-mode in four.This study suggests that cross-sectional echocar- diography can be used to rule out TAPVD when it is part of a differential diagnosis and that it can accurately diagnose TAPVD noninvasively and suggest the site of drainage.
NICE issues guidance for diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Guidelines for achieving earlier diagnosis, greater use of evidence based treatments, and better coordination of care for patients with lung cancer have been published for England and Wales this week. The recommendations, from the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), are aimed at improving the poor survival rates from lung cancer.

The guidelines recommend urgent referral for chest x ray examination for anyone with haemoptysis or unexplained or persistent symptoms that might indicate lung cancer, including cough, chest pain, dyspnoea, or weight loss. Patients whose …
Gene2DGE: A Perl Package for Gene Model Renewal with Digital Gene Expression Data
Authors: Xiaoli Tang, Libin Deng, Dake Zhang, Jiari Lin, Yi Wei, Qinqin Zhou, Xiang Li, Guilin Li, Shangdong Liang
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2012)

Abstract For transcriptome analysis, it is critical to precisely define all the transcripts across the whole genome. More and more digital gene expression (DGE) scannings have indicated the presence of huge amount of novel transcripts in addition to the known gene models. However, almost all these studies still depend crucially on existing annotation. Here, we present Gene2DGE, a Perl software package for gene model renewal with DGE data. We applied Gene2DGE to the mouse blastomere transcriptome, and defined 98,532 read-enriched regions (RERs) by read clustering supported by more than four reads for each base pair. Taking advantage of this ab initio method, we refined 2,104 exonic regions (4% of a total of 48,501 annotated transcribed regions) with remarkable extension into un-annotated regions (&amp;gt;50 bp). For 5% of uniquely mapped reads falling within intron regions, we identified 13,291 additional possible exons. As a result, we renewed 4,788 gene models, which account for 39% of a total of 12,277 transcribed genes. Furthermore, we identified 12,613 intergenic RERs, suggesting the possible presence of novel genes outside the existing gene models. In this study, therefore, we have developed a suitable tool for renewal of known gene models by ab initio prediction in transcriptome dissection. The Gene2DGE package is freely available at http://bighapmap.big.ac.cn/.
Clinical Response and Risk for Reported Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts in Pediatric Antidepressant Treatment
Authors: Jeffrey A. Bridge, Satish Iyengar, Cheryl B. Salary, Rémy P. Barbe, Boris Birmaher, Harold Alan Pincus, Lulu Ren, David A. Brent
Journal: JAMA (2007)

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued warnings that use of antidepressant medications poses a small but significantly increased risk of suicidal ideation/suicide attempt for children and adolescents.To assess the efficacy and risk of reported suicidal ideation/suicide attempt of antidepressants for treatment of pediatric major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and non-OCD anxiety disorders.PubMed (1988 to July 2006), relevant US and British regulatory agency reports, published abstracts of important scientific meetings (1998-2006), clinical trial registries, and information from authors. Studies were published and unpublished randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials of second-generation antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, nefazodone, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine) in participants younger than 19 years with MDD, OCD, or non-OCD anxiety disorders.Information was extracted on study characteristics, efficacy outcomes, and spontaneously reported suicidal ideation/suicide attempt.Twenty-seven trials of pediatric MDD (n = 15), OCD (n = 6), and non-OCD anxiety disorders (n = 6) were selected, and risk differences for response and for suicidal ideation/suicide attempt estimated by random-effects methods. Pooled risk differences in rates of primary study-defined measures of responder status significantly favored antidepressants for MDD (11.0%; [95% confidence interval {CI}, 7.1% to 14.9%]), OCD (19.8% [95% CI, 13.0% to 26.6%), and non-OCD anxiety disorders (37.1% [22.5% to 51.7%]), corresponding to a number needed to treat (NNT) of 10 (95% CI, 7 to 15), 6 (4 to 8), and 3 (2 to 5), respectively. While there was increased risk difference of suicidal ideation/suicide attempt across all trials and indications for drug vs placebo (0.7%; 95% CI, 0.1% to 1.3%) (number needed to harm, 143 [95% CI, 77 to 1000]), the pooled risk differences within each indication were not statistically significant: 0.9% (95% CI, -0.1% to 1.9%) for MDD, 0.5% (-1.2% to 2.2%) for OCD, and 0.7% (-0.4% to 1.8%) for non-OCD anxiety disorders. There were no completed suicides. Age-stratified analyses showed that for children younger than 12 years with MDD, only fluoxetine showed benefit over placebo. In MDD trials, efficacy was moderated by age, duration of depression, and number of sites in the treatment trial.Relative to placebo, antidepressants are efficacious for pediatric MDD, OCD, and non-OCD anxiety disorders, although the effects are strongest in non-OCD anxiety disorders, intermediate in OCD, and more modest in MDD. Benefits of antidepressants appear to be much greater than risks from suicidal ideation/suicide attempt across indications, although comparison of benefit to risk varies as a function of indication, age, chronicity, and study conditions.
London Fogs, Midwifery, Oxford Institute, Medical Progress
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

A successful writer once told me that he was able to write at his best in the middle of a London fog. He assured me that this was the time when afferent impulses were reduced to a minimum and when one should be capable of the most concentrated thought. If the theory is valid, this should be a good letter, for I am writing it on the fourth day of one of the worst London fogs on record. Road transport has been brought to a standstill, pedestrians are groping their way with sticks and torches, and the London underground (subway) . . .
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Chain of Many Links
Authors: CALVIN F. KAY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Editorials1 March 1974Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Chain of Many LinksCALVIN F. KAY, M.D., F.A.C.P.CALVIN F. KAY, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-3-411 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRecently, while I was dining in a suburban restaurant near a large midwestern city, an elderly man at a nearby table slumped in his chair and was unconscious and pale. His stertorous breathing had stopped by the time someone had lowered him to the floor. He was pulseless, and I could hear no heart sounds when I put my ear to his chest.I was the only person present who knew resuscitation procedures. A precordial blow or two was ineffective. His dentures became loose and were quickly removed. Three or four deep breaths were administered by mouth-to-mouth ventilation. I turned... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: American College of Physicians Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCelebrating the ACP Centennial: From the Annals Archive—Emergency Response and Life Support Deputy Editor Deborah Cotton Metrics Cited byCelebrating the ACP Centennial: From the Annals Archive—Emergency Response and Life SupportDeborah Cotton, MD, MPHPneumothorax During CPR Training: Case Report and Review of the CPR LiteratureReduction of prehospital, ambulance and community coronary death rates by the community-wide emergency cardiac care system 1 March 1974Volume 80, Issue 3Page: 411-413KeywordsBreathingCardiopulmonary resuscitationElderlyHeartResuscitationThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
A mechanism for the electrocardiogram response to left ventricular hypertrophy and acute ischemia.
Authors: P S Thiry, R M Rosenberg, J A Abbott
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

A proposed mechanism for explaining the electrocardiographic response in left ventricular hypertrophy and in subendocardial and epicardial acute ischemia was incorporated in a mathematical model of electrical heart activity. The model of hypertrophy was simply an increase in cell size, and the principal effect on the computer-generated 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) was an increase in R-wave amplitude and ventricular activation time and a flattening or polarity reversal of the T wave. The model of acute ischemia was a reduction between plateau and resting potential of the transmembrane action potential. The principal effect on the computer-generated 12-lead ECGs was an S-T segment displacement up or down depending on the location of the lesion. This shift was linearly proportional to the severity of the ischemia, i.e., the reduction in electrical activity of the ischemic cell, and for a lesion of given severity the S-T segment shift was a measure of the area, not the volume, of ischemic tissue. Therefore, this model suggests that a direct correlation does not necessarily exist between volume-measuring tests such as serum enzyme values in the case of necrosis and S-T segment shifts.
Treatment of polyarteritis nodosa related to hepatitis B virus with interferon-alpha and plasma exchanges.
Authors: L Guillevin, F Lhote, F Sauvaget, P Deblois, F Rossi, D Levallois, J Pourrat, B Christoforov, C Trepo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

OBJECTIVES--To test the effectiveness of and tolerance to interferon-alpha 2b (INFa2b) in association with plasma exchanges for the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) related to hepatitis B virus (HBV). METHODS--A prospective, non blinded, multicentre trial was carried out in which patients with multisystemic HBV-related PAN were included. Each patient received the association of INFa2b and plasma exchanges. The end point of the study was control of the disease (recovery or remission) or death. RESULTS--Six patients were included in the study. Each patient had histopathological or arteriographic evidence of vasculitis and was infected with actively replicating HBV. All patients were alive at the end of the study and no longer presented clinical or laboratory evidence of systemic vasculitis. HBeAg/anti-HBeAb seroconversion was observed in four patients (66.6%) and HBsAg/anti-HBsAb in 3/6 (50%). Two patients are still being treated with INFa2b because of chronic active hepatitis. CONCLUSIONS--It is considered that this new therapeutic approach to HBV-related PAN effectively cured systemic vasculitis and was associated with control of HBV infections. Antiviral therapy may have a role to play as the first line treatment regime of virus-induced vasculitis.
A1 antagonism in asthma: better than coffee?
Authors: Stephen L. Tilley, Richard C. Boucher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Adenosine is a ubiquitous biological mediator with the capacity to produce both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects in tissues. Proinflammatory and bronchoconstrictive actions of adenosine in the asthmatic lung are well recognized, with the latter being mediated, in part, through A1 receptor activation on airway smooth muscle. In this issue of the JCI, Sun et al. report findings in adenosine deaminase–deficient mice that suggest the occurrence of anti-inflammatory actions of adenosine in the lung, mediated through A1 adenosine receptors on macrophages. Here we discuss the history of the study of adenosine receptor ligands for asthma and how enhanced understanding of adenosine receptor biology may aid in the rational exploitation of these receptors as therapeutic targets.
Systemic and regional haemodynamics in conscious BIO T0-2 cardiomyopathic hamsters
Authors: B. C Panchal, N. C Trippodo
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: The recently developed BIO TO-2 strain of cardiomyopathic hamster shows a uniform pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy and represents a useful model of congestive heart failure. Although used in biochemical studies, BIO TO-2 animals have not been characterised by haemodynamic measurements. The aim was to compare the systemic and the regional haemodynamic variables in conscious BIO TO-2 animals at a stage of compensated heart failure with those of age matched normal hamsters of BIO FIB designation. Methods: Hamsters were studied at 8-10 months of age. a stage at which the BIO T0-2 animals have been found to have non-oedematous heart failure. Catheters were implanted in normal and cardiomyopathic hamsters. Following a 3 h recovery, systemic and regional haemodynamic variables were measured with pressure transducers and radioactive microspheres. Results: BIO TO-2 hamsters had lower (p<0.05) mean arterial pressure [83(SEM 3) v 126(2) mm Hg] and cardiac index [205(19) v 338(25) ml·min−1·kg−1], and higher (p<0.05) left ventricular end diastolic pressure [21(1) v 4(1) mm Hg] and total peripheral resistance index [30(4) v 15(2) mm Hg·min·ml−1·kg−1] than BIO FIB animals. Blood flows to the heart and kidneys were less (p<0.05) in BIO TO-2 than in BIO FIB animals. Conclusions: The haemodynamic profile in the BIO TO-2 strain of cardiomyopathic hamsters is characterised by low cardiac output, increased preload, and reduced renal blood flow, and resembles that in many patients with congestive heart failure. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:2264-2269
Wakefield's "autistic enterocolitis" under the microscope
Authors: B. Deer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Introduction:</b> Many UK workers have had paid, extended periods away from work due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In those with suspected occupational asthma (OA) this has enabled assessment of serial peak expiratory flow (PEF) over long periods away from their workplace. <b>Methods:</b> Those who had been followed up by telephone or face-to-face between March and December 2020, had completed serial PEF measurements while at work (pre-March 2020), and then during a long period away from work were included. Workers were asked to complete 4 weeks of readings taking them every 2 hours from waking to sleeping each day, whether in the workplace or not. Data was analysed using the OASYS software program. <b>Results:</b> 10 patients completed serial PEF measurements during the time periods specified. 7 workers showed an improvement in their mean PEFs with prolonged time away from work. Table 1 shows the results. <b>Conclusion:</b> Although the diagnosis of OA is usually based on analysis of serial PEFs performed during short, alternating episodes at and away from work, PEFs recorded during longer periods away from the workplace have provided evidence of OA in some patients with equivocal PEF results beforehand and confirmed OA in others.
Additional Considerations to Precede Selection of Enoxaparin Therapy
Authors: Marta A. Miyares
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Mode of action of verapamil.
Authors: D G McDevitt, R G Shanks
Journal: BMJ (1973)

taneously without requiring pacing and that the majority of patients with anterior myo- cardial infarction do badly whether they are paced or not.Our figures and those of the authors whom we quoted lend some support to this belief but they do not prove the point.Our present policy continues to be relatively conservative, pacing only those patients in whom drug therapy is unsuccess- ful.It is apparent from Dr.