tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1122-175 Ox-low-density lipoprotein are potent antigens for dendritic cell in plaque instability: Role of lipoxygenase-1
Authors: Fabrizio Clementi, Sandro Grelli, Ruggiero Mango, Massimo Federici, Luigi Franchi, Andrea Amato, Giovanni Battista Forleo, Gaetano Chiricolo, Massimo Marchei, Lucia De Luca, Mark Gallagher, Cartesio Favalli, Renato Lauro, Giuseppe Novelli, Francesco Romeo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Abstract 2878: Dietary stearate inhibits tumor development and tumor burden in the N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) rat breast cancer carcinogen model
Authors: Robert W. Hardy, Eric Toline, Lynda M. Evans, Renee Desmond, Arig Ibrahim-Hashim, Gene P. Siegal
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The goal of the present study was to test the effectiveness of dietary stearate at inhibiting breast cancer development in a carcinogen induced breast cancer model. Three diets were used; a 17% stearate diet, the key being that highly purified stearate was added directly to the diet, a linoleate diet (SF) containing 17% safflower oil as the source of linoleate and a low fat control diet (LF) with a reduced amount of fat (5%) from corn oil. All three diets had adequate essential fatty acids. These 3 diets were initiated 1 week prior to the rats receiving NMU and followed out 100 days. There was no difference in the weight of the rats among groups throughout the study. Approximately 40% fewer animals on the stearate and safflower diets developed palpable tumors compared to the LF (n=30-35 animals/diet; p&amp;lt;0.05). No difference was observed among the three diets as to the time for first tumor appearance. Stearate decreased the average number of tumors per rat compared to the LF (n=30-35 animals per diet; p&amp;lt;0.05) and had less tumors per rat than the SF although this was not statistically significant. Stearate also significantly reduced tumor burden as defined by tumor weight by ∼50% compared to LF and SF (p&amp;lt;0.001) and large tumors compared to the LF (∼47% reduction in tumors over 0.25 g, p= 0.02). In those rats that did develop tumors, the stearate diet group had a similar number of adenocarcinomas compared to other diets; however the stearate and SF groups had lower numbers of DCIS/microinvasive disease as compared to the LF. The dietary groups tended to have similar numbers of the other precursor lesions classified although the dietary stearate group had the least number of “tubular adenomas”. Dietary stearate may be useful as an alternative/complementary therapy or preventative agent against breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2878.
Hepatitis E virus in hematopoietic stem cell donors: Towards a systematic HEV screening of donors?
Authors: Pierre Frange, Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso, Bénédicte Neven, Despina Moshous, Fabien Touzot, Marina Cavazzana, Alain Fischer, Marianne Leruez-Ville, Stéphane Blanche
Journal: Journal of Infection (2015)
Cloning of the gene for spinocerebellar ataxia 2 reveals a locus with high sensitivity to expanded CAG/glutamine repeats
Authors: Georges Imbert, Frédéric Saudou, Gaël Yvert, Didier Devys, Yvon Trottier, Jean-Marie Garnier, Chantal Weber, Jean-Louis Mandel, Gëraldine Cancel, Nacer Abbas, Alexandra Dürr, Olivier Didierjean, Giovanni Stevanin, Yves Agid, Alexis Brice
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Changes in Patients' Experiences in Medicare Accountable Care Organizations
Authors: J. Michael McWilliams, Bruce E. Landon, Michael E. Chernew, Alan M. Zaslavsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Incentives for accountable care organizations (ACOs) to limit health care use and improve quality may enhance or hurt patients' experiences with care.Using Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey data covering 3 years before and 1 year after the start of Medicare ACO contracts in 2012 as well as linked Medicare claims, we compared patients' experiences in a group of 32,334 fee-for-service beneficiaries attributed to ACOs (ACO group) with those in a group of 251,593 beneficiaries attributed to other providers (control group), before and after the start of ACO contracts. We used linear regression and a difference-in-differences analysis to estimate changes in patients' experiences in the ACO group that differed from concurrent changes in the control group, with adjustment for the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients.After ACO contracts began, patients' reports of timely access to care and their primary physicians' being informed about specialty care differentially improved in the ACO group, as compared with the control group (P=0.01 and P=0.006, respectively), whereas patients' ratings of physicians, interactions with physicians, and overall care did not differentially change. Among patients with multiple chronic conditions and high predicted Medicare spending, overall ratings of care differentially improved in the ACO group as compared with the control group (P=0.02). Differential improvements in timely access to care and overall ratings were equivalent to moving from average performance among ACOs to the 86th to 98th percentile (timely access to care) and to the 82nd to 96th percentile (overall ratings) and were robust to adjustment for group differences in trends during the preintervention period.In the first year, ACO contracts were associated with meaningful improvements in some measures of patients' experience and with unchanged performance in others. (Funded by the National Institute on Aging and others.).
Modulation of Vascular Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo by Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Activators
Authors: Vincenzo Pasceri, Henry D. Wu, James T. Willerson, Edward T. H. Yeh
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and in endothelial cells. The possible effects of PPARgamma activators on endothelial activation and inflammatory response within the plaque are currently unknown.We tested the hypothesis that PPARgamma activators inhibit vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) expression in cultured endothelial cells (evaluated by flow cytometry) and homing of monocyte/macrophages to atherosclerotic plaques in vivo. In endothelial cells, the PPARgamma agonists troglitazone at 100 micromol/L and 15-deoxy-(Delta12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ2) at 20 micromol/L markedly attenuated the tumor necrosis factor-induced expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. A significant inhibition of VCAM-1 expression was also evident at 5 and 10 micromol/L 15d-PGJ2 and 20 micromol/L troglitazone. Expression of E-selectin and PECAM-1 was not altered. To confirm the biological relevance of these results, we assessed the effects of troglitazone on monocyte/macrophage homing to atherosclerotic plaques in apoE-deficient mice. A 7-day treatment with troglitazone (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced monocyte/macrophage homing to atherosclerotic plaques (236+/-77 versus 177+/-43 macrophages, P=0.03); an even more striking inhibition was found at 3200 mg/kg troglitazone (344+/-76 versus 172+/-83 macrophages, P=0.005).PPARgamma activators inhibit expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in activated endothelial cells and significantly reduce monocyte/macrophage homing to atherosclerotic plaques. These findings suggest that PPARgamma activators, currently used in treatment of type II diabetes, may have beneficial effects in modulating inflammatory response in atherosclerosis.
Beta-adrenergic supersensitivity of the transplanted human heart is presynaptic in origin.
Authors: E M Gilbert, C C Eiswirth, P C Mealey, P Larrabee, C M Herrick, M R Bristow
Journal: Circulation (1989)

An increase in cardiac beta-adrenergic sensitivity or beta-receptor density or both has been described in several animal species after denervating the heart. The transplanted human heart is also denervated and, therefore, may exhibit supersensitivity to beta-adrenergic agonists and an increase in beta-adrenergic receptor density. In 16 patients examined 1-3 months after orthotopic cardiac transplantation, beta-adrenergic receptor density measured by [125I]iodocyanopindolol binding in endomyocardial biopsy specimens was not significantly different in transplant recipients compared with normal controls (transplant = 1,429 +/- 199, control = 1,728 +/- 263 fmol/g wet wt; p = NS). However, when normalized to Lowry protein, the [125I]iodocyanopindolol in beta-adrenergic receptor density in biopsy tissue from transplant recipients was significantly lower than in tissue from controls (transplant = 58.1 +/- 6.2, control = 93.5 +/- 13.4 fmol/g Lowry protein; p = 0.011). Atrial sinus node activity of the denervated donor heart and the innervated atrial cuff of the native recipient heart could be detected on the surface electrocardiogram in six patients. In these six patients, the heart rate response to graded infusions of epinephrine (taken up by the adrenergic nerve terminals) and isoproterenol (not taken up by the adrenergic nerve terminals) was measured. The epinephrine dose-response curve in transplanted donor atria was significantly to the left of the native recipient atrial dose-response curve (p less than 0.0001). The isoproterenol dose-response curves for native and transplanted atria were not different. We conclude that myocardial beta-adrenergic receptors are not increased in human orthotopic cardiac allografts and that there is no evidence for beta-receptor-mediated supersensitivity of postsynaptic origin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A new laboratory-based surveillance system (Respiratory DataMart System) for influenza and other respiratory viruses in England: results and experience from 2009 to 2012
Authors: H Zhao, H Green, A Lackenby, M Donati, J Ellis, C Thompson, A Bermingham, J Field, P Sebastianpillai, M Zambon, J M Watson, R Pebody
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Frequency of Complications of Measles, 1963
Authors: D. L. Miller
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Recent advances in the development of measles vaccines give reason to expect that an acceptable, safe, and effective means of immunization will soon become available.But "the need or desire" for large-scale vaccination in this country is subject to debate (British Medical 7ournal, 1963b).One of the major sources of doubt about the need for immunization stems from the belief among many parents and doctors that measles is a mild disease in which serious complications are rare and almost never fatal in normal children.Deaths have indeed declined rapidly in recent years to about 2 per 10,000 notifications, and a recent study has shown that about half the deaths occur in persons with serious chronic disease or disability (Report, 1963).Little information is available, however, about the frequency of serious complications and consequent permanent disabilities which maay result, especially from neurological complications, in patients who survive.Estimates based only on clinical impression are likely to be misleading and a numerically important minority may easily be overlooked.An investigation by a study group of the College of General Practitioners (1956, 1957), devoted primarily to a study of the place of chemotherapy and antibiotics in the management of measles, added much to knowledge of the disease, but it included fewer than 5,000 cases -too few to assess with confidence the public health importance of the complications of measles in relation to the need for immunization.The aim of the present investigation was twofold: first, to estimate at the time of the attack the frequency of serious com- plications of measles, particularly of neurological complications, by means of a national postal inquiry into cases notified to medical officers of health during the 1963 epidemic; and, secondly, to investigate in a sample of patients the late con- sequences of the more serious complications.The results of the first part of the study are reported here. MethodsThe medical officers of health of 47 large county boroughs scattered throughout England and Wales agreed to participate in the inquiry.They first wrote to local general practitioners and medical superintendents of fever hospitals explaining the reasons for the investigation and the proposed procedure.Prac- titioners were invited to co-operate by completing simple record cards for cases of measles which they notified from 1 January to 30 April 1963.In 16 of the 47 boroughs where medical officers of health decided that they could not follow up all cases the inquiry cards were sent for a sample of notifications selected at random according to a plan decided at the outset in each borough.In one city cards were sent only to selected practi-
Part of beneficial host response?
Authors: G. Dixon, C. Booth, E. Price, R. Westran, M. Turner, N. Klein
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Fowler comments on the value of a raised temperature to combat flu.1 Fever may also be necessary for optimal defence against bacterial infections.2 We explored this possibility for meningococcal disease.

We diluted a suspension of an isolate of Neisseria meningitidis B to approximately 109 colony forming units/ml. We inoculated 500 µl suspension into supplemented proteose peptone 9.5 ml in duplicate and incubated one tube of …
Mechanisms Underlying the Reentrant Circuit of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia in Isolated Canine Atrioventricular Nodal Preparation Using Optical Mapping
Authors: Jianyi Wu, Jiashin Wu, Jeffrey Olgin, John M. Miller, Douglas P. Zipes
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Abstract —The reentrant pathways underlying different types of atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia have not yet been elucidated. This study was performed to optically map Koch’s triangle and surrounding atrial tissue in an isolated canine AV nodal preparation. Multiple preferential AV nodal input pathways were observed in all preparations (n=22) with continuous (73%, n=16) and discontinuous (27%, n=6) AV nodal function curves (AVNFCs). AV nodal echo beats (EBs) were induced in 54% (12/22) of preparations. The reentrant circuit of the slow/fast EB (36%, n=8) started as a block in fast pathway (FP) and a delay in slow pathway (SP) conduction to the compact AV node, then exited from the AV node to the FP, and rapidly returned to the SP through the atrial tissue located at the base of Koch’s triangle. The reentrant circuit of the fast/slow EB (9%, n=2) was in an opposite direction. In the slow/slow EB (9%, n=2), anterograde conduction was over the intermediate pathway (IP) and retrograde conduction was over the SP. Unidirectional conduction block occurred at the junction between the AV node and its input pathways. Conduction over the IP smoothed the transition from the FP to the SP, resulting in a continuous AVNFC. A “jump” in AH interval resulted from shifting of anterograde conduction from the FP to the SP (n=4) or abrupt conduction delay within the AV node through the FP (n=2). These findings indicate that (1) multiple AV nodal anterograde pathways exist in all normal hearts; (2) atrial tissue is involved in reentrant circuits; (3) unidirectional block occurs at the interface between the AV node and its input pathways; and (4) the IP can mask the existence of FP and SP, producing continuous AVNFCs.
VERY LONG-TERM SERIAL INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND EVALUATION OF BIOLIMUSA9-ELUTING STENT WITH BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER
Authors: Carlos A. Collet, Ricardo A. Costa, Jose R. Costa, Rodolfo Staico, Amanda Sousa, Alejandro Sanchez, Dimytri Siqueira, Fausto Feres, Marinella Centemero, Alexandre Abizaid, Eberhard Grube, Jose E. Sousa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Role of prostaglandins in initiating cardiovascular reflexes originating from the pancreas and the gall bladder
Authors: T. G WALDROP, G. A ORDWAY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

The application of bradykinin or other algesic substances to the serosal surface of the gall bladder or the pancreas evokes reflex increases in cardiovascular function. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether prostaglandins modulate these reflex responses when visceral receptors are activated by bradykinin. The application of bradykinin or capsaicin to the gall bladder and the pancreas initially elicited increases in arterial pressure in anaesthetised cats. Local inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin greatly attenuated the pressor response to activation of gall bladder or pancreatic receptors by bradykinin. The pressor response to capsaicin was not altered by indomethacin. Thus prostaglandins appear to be involved in the activation of visceral receptors by bradykinin, which results in an increase in cardiovascular function.
Diaphragm plication following phrenic nerve injury
Authors: P J Wijkstra, P M Meijer, A F Meinesz
Journal: Thorax (2003)

We read with great interest the paper by Simansky et al 1 describing the good results of plication of the diaphragm following phrenic nerve injury. The authors conclude that pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in combination with quantitative perfusion scans are helpful in selecting patients for this procedure. In table 4 they present the PFTs they were using and, in addition, they suggest that more sophisticated …
Atlas aims to show possible environmental effects on UK health
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Local variations in health and the environmental factors that may influence it have been mapped in unprecedented detail in a new atlas of England and Wales.1

Users can input their postcode and see how much better, or worse, the health of the immediate vicinity is compared with the average. They can also access maps showing air pollution, pesticides, or sunshine against a similar scale, to identify any obvious similarities that may show cause and effect.

The atlas, produced by the UK Small Area Statistics Unit at Imperial College London, is adjusted for age and deprivation so that any remaining correlations may be the result of small environmental differences. However, it maps relative risk and not absolute risk and represents an average for the population as a whole from 1985 to 2009, so it cannot be used to work out the healthiest place to live or the absolute risk for a person living there.

Still, some areas seem healthier than expected, given …
Soil Abatement and Lead Levels in Children-Reply
Authors: Ann Aschengrau
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In Reply.  —Dr Schlenker raises what we believe is a vitally important issue, namely, the urgent need for quantitative data to guide health and housing policy regarding household lead abatement.  His point about the lack of a   control group is also a good one. We devoted a great deal of time to discussing this issue while designing the study. Schlenker correctly identifies that our decision not to include a no abatement control group in the study limits valid comparisons with the three abatement strategies that were used. Given the evidence indicating the neurotoxicity of children's blood lead levels less than 1.21 μmol/L (
The caecocolonic junction in humans has a sphincteric anatomy and function.
Authors: M S Faussone Pellegrini, L I Manneschi, L Manneschi
Journal: Gut (1995)

Sphincteric anatomy and function are present at the caecocolonic junction in several mammals. In humans, radiologists and endoscopists have respectively reported a circumferential contraction and a prominent ileocaecal fold at the border area between the caecum and the ascending colon. Anatomical findings on necropsy material failed to confirm its presence. Microscopic studies on surgical specimens showed the existence of muscular and innervational patterns different from those of adjacent areas. The aim of this work was to confirm the existence of a specialised fold at the caecocolonic junction in humans and to ascertain its role by carrying out a study of functional anatomy. Pancolonoscopies were performed on 100 patients and ileocaecal fold behaviour was observed before and after mechanical stimulation. Isolated ileocaecocolonic regions, surgically obtained, were filled with a fixative solution to study their macro and microscopic morphology after stimulation. Endoscopically, the ileocaecal fold was semilunar or circular in shape and spontaneous or evoked spasms occurred in 52 patients. A prominent circular fold could be seen in surgical specimens after stimulation. The entire muscle coat deeply penetrated this fold, showing the features characteristic of the ileocaecal junction. In particular, the inner portion of the circular muscle showed a peculiar arrangement and was thicker than elsewhere. These results show that in humans the caecocolonic junction is provided with a sphincter morphology and function. Little is known about its physiological relevance in ileal flow accommodation and caecal filling and emptying but it should not be underestimated with regard to some colonic motility disorders.
Hyponatraemia associated with trimethoprim and a diuretic.
Authors: R Eastell, C J Edmonds
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Hyponatraemia associated with trimethoprim and a diureticCo-trimoxazole may produce natriuresis but has not previously been reported as reducing plasma sodium concentrations.We report on a patient who developed symptomatic hyponatraemia when treated with trimethoprim, which recurred on rechallenge with the drug. Case reportA 75 year old woman had a recurrent urinary tract infection, which was initially treated with nalidixic acid.Plasma sodium concentration was normal at 136 mmol(mEq)/l.Infection persisted so treatment was changed to trimethoprim 200 mg twice daily.Four days later she developed nausea and anorexia and was found to have hyponatraemia with a plasma sodium 1 Shouval D, Ligumsky M, Ben-Ishay D. Effect of co-trimoxazole on normal creatinine clearance.