tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is Lifelong Anticoagulation Worth the Risk in Patients With Unprovoked DVT?
Authors: Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters1 December 2009Is Lifelong Anticoagulation Worth the Risk in Patients With Unprovoked DVT?Samuel Z. Goldhaber, MDSamuel Z. Goldhaber, MDFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-11-200912010-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:PREVENT studied the optimal management of patients with an initial idiopathic and unprovoked VTE. Although PREVENT was not powered to assess mortality, the data monitoring and safety board terminated the study early because of the marked reduction in recurrent VTE in the low-intensity warfarin group (target international normalized ratio, 1.5 to 2.0) compared with the placebo group. I am not aware of any cancer risk with warfarin, which has been available in the United States since 1954. The long-term risk for recurrent VTE after an initial DVT or pulmonary embolism is high, about 30% 10 years after discontinuation ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Samuel Z. Goldhaber, MDAffiliations: From Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOptimal Duration of Anticoagulation After Venous Thromboembolism: Fixed and Evidence-Based, or Flexible and Personalized? Samuel Z. Goldhaber Is Lifelong Anticoagulation Worth the Risk in Patients With Unprovoked DVT? Ferdinando Cortese Metrics 1 December 2009Volume 151, Issue 11Page: 827KeywordsConflicts of interestInternational normalized ratioMortalityPulmonary embolismSafetySafety studies ePublished: 1 December 2009 Issue Published: 1 December 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Identification of a third component of complement-binding glycoprotein of human platelets.
Authors: G H Yu, V M Holers, T Seya, L Ballard, J P Atkinson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Utilizing affinity chromatography, a C3-specific binding protein was isolated from 125I surface-labeled human platelets. Analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated two bands with mean Mr of 64,000 and 53,000, characteristic variability in the relative density of the two bands in a given individual, and the presence of N-linked complex oligosaccharides as well as sialic acid residues not associated with N-linked sugars. These characteristics are similar to those of a human leukocyte iC3- and C3b-binding glycoprotein, termed gp45-70. Further analysis showed that leukocyte gp45-70 and the platelet C3-binding glycoprotein have identical Mr and other similar structural features. Functional characterization of solubilized platelet preparations indicated that gp45-70 has cofactor activity. This membrane glycoprotein is structurally and antigenically distinct from decay accelerating factor (DAF), a complement regulatory protein previously identified on human platelet membranes. DAF and gp45-70 have complementary activity profiles inasmuch as DAF can prevent assembly of and dissociate the C3 convertases but has no cofactor activity, whereas gp45-70 has cofactor activity but no decay accelerating activity. We suggest that these two proteins function conjointly to prevent autologous complement activation.
Heparin Treatment of Giant Hemangioma With Thrombocytopenia
Authors: David L. Benninghoff
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The report of Drs. Richardson and Smith (<b>203</b>:518, 1968) of successful heparin sodium therapy for a pregnant woman with thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP) prompts this letter, suggesting the feasibility of heparin therapy for a different thrombocytopenic syndrome. Thrombocytopenia is an uncommon, but serious, sometimes lethal complication of giant hemangiomas of infancy. Since hemangiomas are malformations that as a rule involute spontaneously, no treatment is indicated. However, when thrombocytopenia or other deficits of coagulation factors occur, active treatment is required, consisting of local radiation, which usually results in rapid clinical improvement and eventual restoration of blood coagulation factors. Irradiation of infants is always cause for concern, however, so that alternative treatments ought to be weighed. Heparin therapy is promising for two reasons: (1) Heparin has been proven effective for the microangiopathies of which TTP is an example.<sup>1</sup>(2) Giant hemangioma-thrombocytopenia syndrome may also be considered one
I-131 Uptake in a Thymic Cyst
Authors: Daiki Kayano, Takatoshi Michigishi, Kenji Ichiyanagi, Anri Inaki, Seigo Kinuya
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 61-year-old woman after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer underwent I-131 therapy. Focal uptake was seen in the chest on whole body imaging. SPECT/CT delineated I-131 accumulation in an isodense mediastinal lesion which was histologically diagnosed as a thymic cyst. I-131 uptake in a thymic cyst is rare and should be included in the gamut of false-positive entities of I-131 scintigraphy.
Erratum: Corrigendum: Intestinal immune homeostasis is regulated by the crosstalk between epithelial cells and dendritic cells
Authors: Monica Rimoldi, Marcello Chieppa, Valentina Salucci, Francesca Avogadri, Angelica Sonzogni, Gianluca M Sampietro, Angelo Nespoli, Giuseppe Viale, Paola Allavena, Maria Rescigno
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
RPR and the Serologic Diagnosis of Syphilis
Authors: Meredith E. Clement, Charles B. Hicks
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Does Uncle Sam Really Want You?: A Response to “Rethinking Research Ethics” by Rosamond Rhodes (AJOB<i>5:1</i>)
Authors: Howard Trachtman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

"Does Uncle Sam Really Want You?: A Response to “Rethinking Research Ethics” by Rosamond Rhodes (AJOB 5:1)." The American Journal of Bioethics, 5(1), pp. W22–W23
Diarrhoea due to sucrase and isomaltase deficiency.
Authors: I J Pink
Journal: Gut (1967)

COMMENT This paper draws attention to the need to consider this diagnosis in adults as well as in children.Characteristic radiological changes in the small intestine may occur when a barium meal is given with sucrose added to it.Diarrhoea due to deficiency of the intestinal disaccharidases is now well recognized in children (Weijers, van de Kamer, Dicke, and Ijsseling, 1961; Townley, 1966; Anderson, Messer, Townley, and Freeman, 1963) and is becoming increasingly recognized in adults (Haemmerli, Kistler, Ammann, Marthaler, Semenza, Auricchio, and Prader, 1965).Most of these patients have a deficiency of intestinal lactase, and only rarely is the diarrhoea due to deficiency of other disaccharidases, sucrase and isomaltase.The purpose of this paper is to report another case of diarrhoea in an adult due to deficiency of intestinal sucrase and isomaltase because of the apparent rarity of this condition and because there are a few features of this case which may add to our knowledge of the disease. CASE REPORTThe patient was aged 23, and a State Registered Nurse, when she presented to the Out-Patient Department in September 1965.She complained of diarrhoea, passing two to five loose, bulky stools per day.As an infant she was well, breast fed until aged 4 months, and then weaned.Although there was then war-time sugar rationing her mother states that there was no shortage of sugar in her household, and that our patient was fed normal amounts of sugar.She had no bowel symptoms until aged 4-5 years, when she began to pass two to five stools per day, and this had continued until the present time.She had occasional exacerbations of diarrhoea when she passed up to 12 stools per day.The diarrhoea was sometimes associated with rumblings in the abdomen, and with mild colicky lower abdominal pain.She had noticed that the
TCT-802 Study of percutaneous renal denervation on porcine myocardial infarction model on effect of cardiac function and myocardial remodeling.
Authors: Junqing Gao, Zongjun Liu, Huigen Jin, Youlong Xu, Wenquan Zhang, Tao Chen, Deqiang Zhao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
MERCURIAL NEPHRITIS WITH UREMIA.REPORT OF A FATAL CASE.
Authors: ROBERT N. WILLSON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

So many cases of mercurial nephritis have been recorded in medical literature that mercury should be recognized as an agent possessing a peculiarly irritative and destructive action on the renal tissues. Certain individuals appear to be far less sensitive to its influence than others, and a few tolerate enormous quantities without apparent harm. In other instances, and in children especially, the smallest fraction of a grain of any of the mecurial salts will act so maliciously and so rapidly as to astound the physician in charge, and even to carry off the patient before his eyes. Such an instance is reported by Buchner.<sup>1</sup>A teacher rubbed into each of the scalps of between 80 and 90 boys about a teaspoonful of mercurial ointment for pediculosis. All the boys showed symptoms of poisoning and one died. Sackner also reports<sup>1</sup>a case of an adult into whose hands five grams
Diffuse Pulmonary Injury Associated With Gold Therapy
Authors: Jehuda Scharf
Journal: JAMA (1977)

GOLD hypersensitivity reaction is common and occurs in about 20% of reported patients. Pulmonary involvement related to gold therapy is rare, and only a few well-documented cases are reported.<sup>1,2</sup>We describe a patient in whom diffuse reversible pulmonary injury developed during gold therapy. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 61-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of severe cough and dyspnea. Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis had been diagnosed two years previously. The condition had been successfully treated with aspirin and indomethacin therapy, which was subsequently discontinued due to gastric intolerance in the patient. A barium test meal disclosed a duodenal ulcer. Routine chest x-ray film results were normal. Treatment with gold sodium thiomalate (Myochrysine) was started. Five weeks later, after she had received 175 mg gold sodium thiomalate, she complained of intense itching, which was followed by widespread dermatitis. The gold therapy was stopped. Two days later, severe dyspnea and
Molecular Mechanism of Acrylamide Neurotoxicity: Lessons Learned from Organic Chemistry
Authors: Richard M. LoPachin, Terrence Gavin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Background: Acrylamide (ACR) produces cumulative neurotoxicity in exposed humans and laboratory animals through a direct inhibitory effect on presynaptic function.Objectives: In this review, we delineate how knowledge of chemistry provided an unprecedented understanding of the ACR neurotoxic mechanism. We also show how application of the hard and soft, acids and bases (HSAB) theory led to the recognition that the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl structure of ACR is a soft electrophile that preferentially forms covalent bonds with soft nucleophiles.Methods: In vivo proteomic and in chemico studies demonstrated that ACR formed covalent adducts with highly nucleophilic cysteine thiolate groups located within active sites of presynaptic proteins. Additional research showed that resulting protein inactivation disrupted nerve terminal processes and impaired neurotransmission.Discussion: ACR is a type-2 alkene, a chemical class that includes structurally related electrophilic environmental pollutants (e.g., acrolein) and endogenous mediators of cellular oxidative stress (e.g., 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal). Members of this chemical family produce toxicity via a common molecular mechanism. Although individual environmental concentrations might not be toxicologically relevant, exposure to an ambient mixture of type-2 alkene pollutants could pose a significant risk to human health. Furthermore, environmentally derived type-2 alkenes might act synergistically with endogenously generated unsaturated aldehydes to amplify cellular damage and thereby accelerate human disease/injury processes that involve oxidative stress.Conclusions: These possibilities have substantial implications for environmental risk assessment and were realized through an understanding of ACR adduct chemistry. The approach delineated here can be broadly applied because many toxicants of different chemical classes are electrophiles that produce toxicity by interacting with cellular proteins.
Judge halts US funding of embryonic stem cell research
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Research and patient communities were shocked by a federal judge’s decision that all US government funding for research using embryonic stem cells is to be blocked with immediate effect, pending the outcome of a trial into whether such funding is legal.

Judge Royce Lamberth issued the decision on 23 August in Washington, DC. The next day the Obama administration said it would appeal the injunction, probably within a week.

Lamberth originally ruled that the plaintiffs lacked standing to bring the lawsuit. An appeals court agreed in part but said two researchers working with adult stem cells did have standing and ordered a trial. Lamberth then found that the plaintiffs were likely to win their case and issued the injunction on all government spending on such research, pending that trial.

The lawsuit …
Persistence of Digoxin Effect in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Julian C. Zener
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Radioimmunoassay of digoxin and measurements of ventricular rate at rest and exercise were performed four times daily during maintenance therapy and following discontinuation of the drug in five patients with atrial fibrillation. No consistent diurnal variation in ventricular rate during maintenance therapy was observed despite fluctuations in plasma digoxin levels. Following withdrawal of the drug, the chronotropic effect persisted longer than would be expected from the plasma elimination rate. Our findings imply that a divided daily dose for the control of atrial fibrillation is not required; a single dose suffices.
ONCOLYTIC POLIO/RHINOVIRUS RECOMBINANT (PVSRIPO) IN RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM): FIRST PHASE I CLINICAL TRIAL EVALUATING THE INTRATUMORAL ADMINISTRATION
Authors: A. Desjardins, J. H. Sampson, K. B. Peters, T. Ranjan, G. Vlahovic, S. Threatt, J. E. Herndon, S. Boulton, D. Lally-Goss, F. McSherry, A. H. Friedman, H. S. Friedman, D. D. Bigner, M. Gromeier
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: PVSRIPO is the live attenuated, oral (SABIN) serotype 1 poliovirus vaccine containing a heterologous internal ribosomal entry site stemming from human rhinovirus type 2. PVSRIPO recognizes nectin-like molecule-5, an oncofetal cell adhesion molecule and tumor antigen widely expressed ectopically in malignancy. Within, we report on the ongoing phase I study evaluating the intratumoral convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of PVSRIPO. METHODS: Eligibility criteria for adult patients with recurrent supratentorial GBM included: 1-5 cm in diameter; ≥1cm away from the ventricles; ≥4 weeks after chemotherapy, bevacizumab (BEV) or study drug; adequate organ function; KPS >70%; and positive anti-poliovirus titer. Dose was rapidly escalated using a two-step continual reassessment method with anticipated accrual of 1 patient each on dose levels 1-4, and up to 21 patients at dose level 5. RESULTS: Thus far, ten patients have been treated (1 each at levels 1 and 3, 2 at level 2, 2 at level 4, 4 at level 5). One dose limiting toxicity (patient #8) was observed at level 5, a grade 4 intracranial hemorrhage at the time of catheter removal, which required de-escalation to level 4. Grade 2 and higher adverse events possibly related to study include: hemiparesis (grade 3, n = 1; grade 2, n = 1); lymphopenia (grade 3, n = 1); seizure (grade 2, n = 1); and one each of grade 2 diarrhea, paresthesia, dysphasia and hyperbilirubinemia. To date, 8 out of 10 patients are alive, with patients #1 and #2 now 20 and 19 months post PVSRIPO, respectively. Two BEV failure patients died six months post-infusion after hospice care was initiated due to persistence of baseline neurologic limitations. After observing prolonged steroid use in 5 of 7 patients treated on dose levels 3 to 5 and after results of new immunogenic analysis became available, it was agreed upon that dose level 2 is probably the optimal dose level. To date, the original study design has been amended to treat a total of 6 patients at dose level 2. CONCLUSIONS: Infusion of PVSRIPO via CED is safe thus far and observed efficacy outcomes are intriguing and warrant further clinical investigation. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Immunobiology & Immunotherapy.
30 THE CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR5 MEDIATES THE PROFIBROGENIC ACTIONS OF THE HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120 IN HUMAN HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS
Authors: S. Galastri, R. Bruno, P. Sacchi, S. Cima, A. Caligiuri, S. Gessani, L. Fantuzzi, M. Pinzani, F. Marra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
AN EPIDEMIC PNEUMOCOCCIC CATARRHAL DISEASE.CLINICAL STUDY.
Authors: HARVEY G. BECK
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>CLINICAL STUDY.</h3><h3>INTRODUCTORY.</h3> It may appear presumptuous to insert the word "pneumococcic" in the title of a paper which has to deal largely with a disease or condition with local manifestations involving the mucous membrane of the upper air passages and conjunctivæ, because recent investigations tend to show that these anatomic situations are a normal habitat of the pneumococcus. It is, therefore, with a considerable degree of reserve that this title has been adopted, even after coupling a definite clinical picture with the persistent presence of an overwhelming number of pneumococci characterizing this series of cases. It is, of course, impossible to make a numerical division as to what constitutes a normal or an abnormal invasion of pneumococci in the mucous membrane of the eye, nose and throat. Therefore, we do not regard the increase in the number of these organisms, even though it be enormous, of sufficient importance to
Hospital visiting hours: time for improvement
Authors: D N W Griffith
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In a survey of hospital visiting hours in general medical and surgical wards throughout the United Kingdom a pattern of visiting emerged showing that many hospitals still have very restricted visiting. A quarter of the 404 hospitals that responded permitted visiting for an average of two hours a day or less. In contrast, just over a third of hospitals allowed visiting for more than five hours a day. There was no relation between visiting times and type of hospital, but a striking regional variation in visiting hours was found, with more liberal visiting in south east England and restricted visiting in northern England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
'No Place to Hide'—Computer Models Track
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

"THE BIG SPONGE" is what initiates call ARAC—the Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability—and it is vital to the clean-up after a nuclear accident. But this sobriquet doesn't refer to a propensity for mopping up radiation. It alludes to ARAC's ability to soak up data on weather conditions, regional geography, and the release of radionuclides into the atmosphere at thousands of sites around the globe. ARAC is a contingent of about 30 physicists, meteorologists, electronic engineers, computer scientists, and technicians who work at the Department of Energy's (DOE) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory across the bay from San Francisco. It was initiated in 1974 and beefed up considerably after the accident in a nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island (Pa) in 1979. The ARAC staff employs computer models to estimate the extent of surface contamination as well as radiation doses to population centers after hypothetical or real nuclear accidents. ARAC works fast.
Peripheral vasoconstriction influences thenar oxygen saturation as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Alexandre Lima, Michel Egide van Genderen, Eva Klijn, Jan Bakker, Jasper van Bommel
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)

Near-infrared spectroscopy has been used as a noninvasive monitoring tool for tissue oxygen saturation (StO(2)) in acutely ill patients. This study aimed to investigate whether local vasoconstriction induced by body surface cooling significantly influences thenar StO(2) as measured by InSpectra model 650.Eight healthy individuals (age 26 ± 6 years) participated in the study. Using a cooling blanket, we aimed to cool the entire body surface to induce vasoconstriction in the skin without any changes in central temperature. Thenar StO(2) was noninvasively measured during a 3-min vascular occlusion test using InSpectra model 650 with a 15-mm probe. Measurements were analyzed for resting StO(2) values, rate of StO(2) desaturation (RdecStO(2), %/min), and rate of StO(2) recovery (RincStO(2), %/s) before, during, and after skin cooling. Measurements also included heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), capillary refill time (CRT), forearm-to-fingertip skin-temperature gradient (Tskin-diff), perfusion index (PI), and tissue hemoglobin index (THI).In all subjects MAP, CO, SV, and core temperature did not change during the procedure. Skin cooling resulted in a significant decrease in StO(2) from 82% (80-87) to 72% (70-77) (P < 0.05) and in RincStO(2) from 3.0%/s (2.8-3.3) to 1.7%/s (1.1-2.0) (P < 0.05). Similar changes in CRT, Tskin-diff, and PI were also observed: from 2.5 s (2.0-3.0) to 8.5 s (7.2-11.0) (P < 0.05), from 1.0°C (-1.6-1.8) to 3.1°C (1.8-4.3) (P < 0.05), and from 10.0% (9.1-11.7) to 2.5% (2.0-3.8), respectively. The THI values did not change significantly.Peripheral vasoconstriction due to body surface cooling could significantly influence noninvasive measurements of thenar StO(2) using InSpectra model 650 with 15-mm probe spacing.