tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fuel Additive Metabolites Probed
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TUMOR OF THE BODY OF THE PANCREAS
Authors: Jacob Buckstein
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The accurate clinical diagnosis of tumor of the body of the pancreas is sufficiently difficult to warrant the report of clear evidence on which such a diagnosis may be based. This evidence is roentgenographic. As noted in the accompanying roentgenogram, the stomach, in addition to being displaced upward, shows a smooth crescentic defect involving the greater curvature. There is also downward displacement of the small intestine. On this indirect evidence, a diagnosis of tumor of the body of the pancreas was made. This was verified on surgical exploration by Dr. Arthur M. Wright, visiting surgeon to Bellevue Hospital. The tumor was a large pancreatic cyst.
“The Greatest Surprise for Everyone” — Notes on the 50th Anniversary of the Double Helix
Authors: Horace Freeland Judson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

“It is the molecule which has style, quite as much as the scientists,” Francis Crick wrote in 1974, for the 21st anniversary of the elucidation of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA.1 Austerely elegant, stupendously parsimonious, and shocking in its explanatory power, the double helix pervades all thinking about the nature of the gene — the transmission and expression of hereditary characters. Max Delbrück said it, in a conversation at Cold Spring Harbor, New York, on a summer's day in 1972: “Nobody, absolutely nobody, until the day of the Watson–Crick structure (Figure 1), had thought that the specificity might be . . .
Book Review Prostate Cancer: Principles and Practice Edited by Philip W. Kantoff, Peter R. Carroll, and Anthony V. D'Amico, with Ronald K. Ross, John T. Isaacs, and Howard I. Scher. 748 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2002. $169. 0-7817-2006-0
Authors: Ian M. Thompson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)
Administration of the cyclic peptide COR‐1 in humans (phase I study): <i>ex vivo</i> measurements of anti‐β<sub>1</sub>‐adrenergic receptor antibody neutralization and of immune parameters
Authors: Götz Münch, Valerie Boivin‐Jahns, Hans‐Peter Holthoff, Kristin Adler, Mariola Lappo, Stephan Truöl, Heidrun Degen, Nina Steiger, Martin J. Lohse, Roland Jahns, Martin Ungerer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Back pain in athletes.
Authors: S. R. Cannon, S. E. James
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1984)

There were one hundred and ninety seven patients who presented with back pain to an Athletes Clinic over four years. Their mode of presentation, investigations, diagnoses and treatments are analysed. The majority of patients were male and below 30 years of age. The average duration of symptoms prior to presentation, despite an easy access policy, was 42 weeks. Injury was usually related to six popular sports. Radiological examination was a rewarding investigation in these patients and included an A-P view of the pelvis. The diagnostic label of prolapsed intervertebral disc appears to have been used too frequently. Physiotherapy was the most useful treatment modality regardless of age, mode of onset and duration of symptoms.
Antibiotics Over the Counter and Across the Border
Authors: PAUL R. CASNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1984Antibiotics Over the Counter and Across the BorderPAUL R. CASNER, M.D., PH.D.PAUL R. CASNER, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-3-462_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The editorial by Dr. Kunin in the December issue (1) emphasizes that antibiotic resistance today is an international problem: "The underdeveloped nations of the world have become an important market for the sale of obsolete antibiotic combinations as well as the newest agents not yet licensed in this country. "We are all too familiar with this problem in our community, situated on the border with Mexico. In addition to antibiotics, however, our experience has shown the problem to extend to medications in general. Many drugs that can only be purchased in this country by prescription can...Reference1. KUNIN C. Antibiotic resistance—a world health problem we cannot ignore [Editorial]. Ann In tern Med. 1983;99:859-60. AbstractGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Regional Academic Health Center El Paso, TX 79905 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByA Survey of the Use of Foreign-Purchased Medications in a Border Community Emergency Department Patient PopulationSelf-medicationThe cost-effectiveness of placing urinary tract infection treatment over the counterSalmonella arizonae in Patients with AIDS along the U.S.–Mexican Border 1 March 1984Volume 100, Issue 3Page: 462-462KeywordsAntibiotic resistanceAntibioticsDrugsOver the counter drugs Issue Published: 1 March 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Validation of a New Noncontact Catheter System for Electroanatomic Mapping of Left Ventricular Endocardium
Authors: Charles C. Gornick, Stuart W. Adler, Brian Pederson, John Hauck, Jeffrey Budd, Jeff Schweitzer
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Improvements in cardiac mapping are required to advance our understanding and treatment of arrhythmias. This study validated a new noncontact multielectrode array catheter and accompanying analysis system to provide electroanatomic mapping of the entire left ventricular (LV) endocardium during a single beat. Methods and Results —A 9F 64-electrode balloon array catheter with an inflated size of 1.8×4.6 cm was used to simultaneously record electrical potentials generated by the heart and locate a standard electrophysiology (EP) catheter within the same chamber. By use of the recorded location of the EP-catheter tip, LV geometry was determined. Array potentials served as inputs to a high-order boundary-element method to produce 3360 potential points on the endocardial surface translatable into electrograms or color-coded activation maps. Three methods of validation were used: (1) driven electrodes in an in vitro tank were located; (2) waveforms generated from the array catheter were compared with catheter contact waveforms in canine LV; and (3) sites of local LV endocardial activation were located and marked with radiofrequency lesions. Tank testing located a driven electrode to within 2.33±0.44 mm. Correlation of timing and morphology of computed versus contact electrograms was 0.966. Radiofrequency lesions marked 17 endocardial pacing sites to within 4.0±3.2 mm. Conclusions —This new system provides anatomically accurate endocardial isopotential mapping during a single cardiac cycle. The locator component enabled placement of a separate EP catheter to any site within the mapped chamber.
No Difference in Vitamin D Levels Between Children Newly Diagnosed With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Healthy Siblings: A 13-Year Nationwide Danish Study
Authors: Steffen U. Thorsen, Henrik B. Mortensen, Bendix Carstensen, Mogens Fenger, Betina H. Thuesen, Lise Lotte Husemoen, Regine Bergholdt, Caroline Brorsson, Flemming Pociot, Allan Linneberg, Jannet Svensson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

The causes of the worldwide increase in type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children are still largely unknown. In Denmark, the increase in incidence is steep at 3.4% annually and does not appear to be leveling out (1). Lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] have been found in patients with newly diagnosed T1D compared with healthy control subjects, implying that 25(OH)D might play a role in the pathogenesis of T1D (2,3). We aimed to elucidate the possible association between low levels of 25(OH)D and T1D by measuring 25(OH)D levels in children with newly diagnosed T1D and their healthy siblings in Denmark across a 13-year study period (1997–2009).

We included 1,803 children (907 T1D patients and 896 siblings) in the data analyses. The children were aged 0–18 years (mean …
Digitalis and baroreceptor reflexes in man.
Authors: A Ferrari, L Gregorini, M C Ferrari, L Preti, G Mancia
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Data in animals indicate that large amounts of digitalis potentiate arterial baroreflexes and that this factor may be important for the cardiovascular effects of the drug. To determine if arterial baroreflex potentiation also exists after administration of therapeutic doses of digitalis in man, we studied how stimulation and deactivation of arterial baroreceptors by phenylephrine and nitroglycerin injection affect heart rate and how stimulation and deactivation of carotid baroreceptors by neck suction and pressure affects blood pressure and heart rate. The study was performed in 29 normotensive or hypertensive subjects before and after injection of Lanatoside C (0.8 mg i.v.). Baroreceptor stimulation reduced heart rate and blood pressure, while baroreceptor deactivation increased both of these variables. The bradycardic and hypotensive effect of baroreceptor stimulation increased significantly after digitalis both in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. However, the tachycardic and hypertensive responses to baroreceptor deactivation were not affected by digitalis. Thus, therapeutic doses of digitalis in man enhance baroreceptor reflexes, and both the heart rate and the blood pressure reflex effects are involved. However, the enhancement occurs to a marked degree only with baroreceptor stimulation and is not evident with baroreceptor deactivation.
MECHANISMS IN SHOCK
Authors: Solomon G. Hershey
Journal: JAMA (1962)

It is axiomatic that if we are to understand and effectively treat the pathologic entity of shock, we have need for information which identifies the mechanisms which participate critically in the course of the syndrome. As clinicians, we are familiar with shock. The circumstances leading to its development are well known as are the signs and symptoms and many of its overt and subtle cardiovascular manifestations. Considerable proficiency in the treatment of this disturbance has been developed. Yet, the pathogenesis of shock, in terms of its essential etiology and its prediliction to develop into a lethal entity in the face of all known therapy, has not been explained. Included in this issue are 4 contributions beginning on page 866 to the pathogenesis of shock. From the discussions it is evident that the phenomenon remains elusive in that the basic mechanisms leading to its irreversible disruptive consequences are yet to be
UN seeks to boost access to health care for millions of refugees and internally displaced people
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (the UN Refugee Agency) is putting more money into its basic healthcare operations worldwide in a bid to reduce morbidity and mortality and boost access to treatment for millions of refugees, internally displaced people, asylum seekers, and other people of concern.

Antonio Guterres, the high commissioner, said at the end of a session of the agency’s governing board that more funds have been put into programmes to combat malaria, malnutrition, anaemia, and sexual and gender based violence and to boost reproductive health.

Mr Guterres, a former prime minister …
How can thermal processing modify the antigenicity of proteins?
Authors: P. J. Davis, C. M. Smales, D. C. James
Journal: Allergy (2001)

This paper is a brief review of thermally induced covalent modifications to proteins in foods, focussing mainly on the advanced glycation end-products (AGE) of the Maillard reaction. Most foods are subjected to thermal processing, either in the home or during their production/manufacture. Thermal processing provides many beneficial effects, but also brings about major changes in allergenicity. Far from being a general way to decrease allergenic risk, thermal processing is as likely to increase allergenicity as to reduce it, through the introduction of neoantigens. These changes are highly complex and not easily predictable, but there are a number of major chemical pathways that lead to distinct patterns of modification. Perhaps the most important of these is through the reaction of protein amino groups with sugars, leading to an impressive cocktail of AGE-modified protein derivatives. These are antigenic and many of the important neoantigens found in cooked or stored foods are probably such Maillard reaction products. A deeper understanding of thermally induced chemical changes is essential for more advanced risk assessments, more effective QC protocols, production of more relevant diagnostic allergen extracts and the development of novel protein engineering and therapeutic approaches to minimise allergenic risk.
Parental occupation and childhood cancer: review of epidemiologic studies.
Authors: D A Savitz, J H Chen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Parental occupational exposures might affect childhood cancer in the offspring through genetic changes in the ovum or sperm or through transplacental carcinogenesis. The 24 published epidemiologic studies of this association have all used case-control designs, with controls generally selected from birth certificates or from general population sampling. Occupational exposures were inferred from job titles on birth certificates or through interviews. A large number of occupation-cancer associations have been reported, many of which were not addressed or not confirmed in other studies. Several associations have been found with consistency: paternal exposures in hydrocarbon-associated occupations, the petroleum and chemical industries, and especially paint exposures have been associated with brain cancer; paint exposures have also been linked to leukemias. Maternal exposures have received much less attention, but studies have yielded strongly suggestive results linking a variety of occupational exposures to leukemia and brain cancer. The primary limitations in this literature are the inaccuracy inherent in assigning exposure based on job title alone and imprecision due to limited study size. Although no etiologic associations have been firmly established by these studies, the public health concerns and suggestive data warrant continued research.
Standardization and CD-ROM
Authors: Jeff Trail
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with interest Dr Wertz'<sup>1</sup>article on compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM). Although I share his enthusiasm for this promising storage technology, he did not address the current obstacles to its broad implementation. Specifically, his statement that "any disk can work with any player" is not currently accurate. The Philips/Sony World Standard for CD-ROM establishes the way that some operational data involved in controlling laser positioning and tracking are encoded. It also dictates the way in which data are broken up into logical units, and requires the use of a standard errorcorrection code. However, there are other issues of standardization that are not addressed in Dr Wertz' article. The structure, size, and location of files must be standardized before disks will be interchangeable between CD-ROM systems. In addition, operating system and application software is diverse and must be standardized before disks can be simply swapped
Abstract 4558: 6-Nitroquinoline as a metabolically-activated probe for direct fluorescence detection of hypoxia
Authors: Anuruddha Rajapakse, Ujjal Sarkar, Collette Linder, J Scott Daniels, Kent S. Gates
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Hypoxic (oxygen poor) cells in tumors play an important role in cancer biology. For example, the hypoxic environment may select for cells that are incapable of undergoing apoptosis. In addition, there is recent speculation that cancer stem cells that may be responsible for metastases are harbored in the hypoxic niche of tumors. Indeed, tumor hypoxia correlates with poor patient prognosis. Accordingly, detection of tumor hypoxia may soon become an important part of the clinical characterization of human cancers. Fluorescent probes for the direct detection of hypoxia in biological systems could provide a useful complement to the radiochemical imaging and immunohistochemical staining methods that are commonly used in this field. Building on our longstanding interest in metabolically-activated, hypoxia-selective antitumor agents, we set out to develop a probe that would be metabolized under hypoxic conditions into a product with known utility as a fluorescent reporter. We selected the molecule 6-nitroquinoline as a forum to explore the fundament chemistry, biochemistry and biology underlying the development of hypoxia-selective, bioreductively-activated fluorophores. We expected that hypoxia-selective reduction of the nitro group in this probe would generate the fluorophore 6-aminoquinoline. First, we confirmed that 6-nitroquinoline is not fluorescent. We next examined whether enzymatic metabolism converted this probe to a fluorescent product. The xanthine/xanthine oxidase enzyme system was employed for the one-electron reductive activation of the probe. We find that incubation of the probe with xanthine oxidase in the presence of a stoichiometric excess (5 equiv) of the substrate xanthine generates a substantial (approximately 30 fold) increase in fluorescence at 530 nm, as expected for generation of the 6-aminoquinoline product. Mass spectrometric analysis confirms that 6-aminoquinoline is generated under these conditions. In contrast, only a small increase in fluorescence at 530 nm is observed under aerobic conditions. Experiments that varied the amount of xanthine substrate used to “fuel” the reduction reaction revealed the presence of intermediate fluorescent products that generate an emission maximum at about 430 nm. This is likely due to 6-hydroxylamino and dimerized azoxy metabolites. The enzyme NADPH: cytochrome P450 reductase similarly converts 6-nitroquinoline to fluorescent products in a hypoxia-selective manner. In conclusion, we have established that 6-nitroquinoline can serve as a direct-light-up fluorescent probe for the detection of hypoxia and we have characterized the mechanisms by which this agent is converted to fluorescent products. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4558.
1053-213 The predictive value of electrophysiologic testing: subgroup analysis in the dual chamber and VVI implantable defibrillator (DAVID) trial
Authors: Nicholas G Tullo, Anil K Bhandari, Anne H Dougherty, G.Stephen Greer, Maribel Hernandez, Gregory Michaud, Alfred Hallstrom, Anna O Leonen, Ellen G Renfroe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Severity of scleroderma lung disease is related to alveolar concentration of nitric oxide
Authors: K. P. Tiev, J. Cabane, F. Aubourg, A. Kettaneh, M. Ziani, L. Mouthon, S. Duong-Quy, I. Fajac, L. Guillevin, A. T. Dinh-Xuan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

The alveolar concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (CA, NO ) is increased in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), but whether this increase is related to the severity of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in SSc has not yet been investigated. In total, 58 SSc patients prospectively underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs), echocardiogram and fibrosis scoring on pulmonary computed tomography (CT). Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (or not) of ILD. Measurements of CA, NO were assessed in all SSc patients and compared with those obtained in 19 healthy volunteers. Relationships were sought between CA, NO PFTs and CT scan fibrosis scores. Overall, CA, NO was significantly increased in SSc patients (median (range) 6.2 (3.8–9.9) ppb) as compared with controls (2.0 (1.2–3.0) ppb). Among SSc patients, CA, NO was significantly higher in patients with ILD compared with patients without ILD (n = 33, 7.5 (5.2–11.9) ppb versus n = 25, 4.9 (3.1–7.0) ppb, respectively). CA, NO was inversely related to total lung capacity (r = −0.34) and the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (r = −0.37) and was directly related to CT scan fibrosis scores (r = 0.36). An increased alveolar concentration of exhaled nitric oxide could, at least in part, either reflect or contribute to the severity of lung disease and could be used to noninvasively assess the extent of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis.