tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison between visual clinical examination and the replica method for assessments of sealant retention over a 2-year period
Authors: Xuan Hu, Xi Chen, Lu Ye, Ming-Wen Fan, Marie-Charlotte Huysmans, Jo E Frencken
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2014)

To compare the levels of agreement and the survival rates of sealant retention for different sealing materials over a 2-year period assessed using the visual clinical examination and replica methods, sealant retention data were obtained by visual clinical examination and from replicas of the same sealed tooth at baseline and at 0.5-, 1- and 2-year evaluation points in 407 children and were compared for agreement using kappa coefficients. Survival curves of retained sealants on occlusal surfaces were created using modified categorisation (fully retained sealants and those having all pits and fissures partly covered with the sealant material versus completely lost sealants that included pit and fissure systems that had ≥1 pit re-exposed) according to the Kaplan–Meier method. The kappa coefficient for the agreement between both assessment methods over the three evaluation time points combined was 0.38 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35–0.41). More sealant retention was observed from replicas than through visual clinical examination. Cumulative survival curves at the three evaluation times were not statistically significantly higher when assessed from replicas (P=0.47). Using the replica method, more retained sealant material was observed than through visual clinical examination during the 2-year period. This finding did not result in a difference in the survival rates of sealants assessed by the two assessment methods. When replicas cast in die stone are used for assessing sealant retention, the level of reliability of the data is higher than that of data obtained through the commonly used visual clinical examination, particularly if such assessments are conducted over time. By taking regular casts of teeth, dentists could more easily monitor sealant retention over time, according to research from China. Dental sealants gradually deteriorate in the mouth and require careful observation by dentists. Human error and reflections from bright lights, however, can interfere with results during visual clinical examinations. Taking casts of teeth periodically to spot deterioration has proved useful for other dental treatments. To establish whether replica casts are useful for tracking sealant retention, Ming-Wen Fan and co-workers at Wuhan University, together with scientists from the Netherlands, compared the two observation methods in a study of 370 patients with sealed teeth over two years. They found that taking regular casts of the teeth allowed dentists to assess sealant levels more accurately and reliably than by using traditional visual examinations.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Water Supply
Authors: Y. AELONY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 November 1970Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Water SupplyY. AELONY, M.D.Y. AELONY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-5-856_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gelfand and Krone (Ann Intern Med 72:903-907, 1970) in an otherwise stimulating article leave us in the dark in regard to the "additional environmental factors" to which they briefly allude: the family lived "in a section of Germany where the water supply and sewage were poorly controlled hygienically."It would be of direct importance to know if the description of the water supply was that of the patient or that of the local health officials. Of further interest to German readers of the ANNALSis the location of this section of Germany, so observations may be collected... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: American Embassy Bonn West Germany PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1970Volume 73, Issue 5Page: 856-857KeywordsInflammatory bowel disease Issue Published: 1 November 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WHO UNDERGO TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Israel Barbash, Sa'ar Minha, Danny Dvir, Itsik Ben–Dor, Salem Badr, Joshua Loh, Lakshmana Pendyala, Hironori Kitabata, Rebecca Torguson, Elizabeth Bond, Petros Okubagzi, William Suddath, Lowell Satler, Kenneth Kent, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Ethical Challenges and Clinical Implications of Molecular Imaging of Human Consciousness
Authors: Tamami Fukushi, Osamu Sakura
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgment The authors thank Neuroethics Advisory Board Committee of RISTEX, JST (Juko Ando, Yuri Aono, Naotaka Fujii, Hiroko Goto, Manabu Honda, Kohji Ishihara, Chiaki Kagawa, Shinobu Masaki, Masato Taira, Mariko Tamai, Akiko Tamakoshi, and Dai Yanagihara), Japan Children's Study group (Director, Zentaro Yamagata and Supervisor Hideaki Koizumi), Miyako Takagi and Chikashi Fukaya for their vigorous support of our mission.
Fatty acid analogue accumulation: a marker of myocyte viability in ischemic-reperfused myocardium.
Authors: D D Miller, J B Gill, E Livni, D R Elmaleh, T Aretz, C A Boucher, H W Strauss
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

A 3-methyl substituted radioiodinated long chain fatty acid analogue was evaluated as an agent for the noninvasive detection of altered fatty acid uptake in reperfused, postischemic myocardium. This iodinated fatty acid analogue, 15-(para-iodophenyl)-3-methyl pentadecanoic acid, was given intravenously at 3 hours of reperfusion following 15 minutes (Group 1, n = 5 dogs) or 60 minutes (Group 2, n = 5 dogs) of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured during occlusion and reperfusion with radiolabeled microspheres administered via the left atrium. Paired ultrasonic subendocardial crystals were placed in the ischemic perfusion bed to assess regional left ventricular systolic function at baseline, during ischemia and reperfusion. Electron microscopic analysis and staining with triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) was performed. Groups 1 and 2 dogs had similar (p = NS) myocardial blood flows during occlusion. TTC positive 1 g endocardial segments from Group 1 (n = 98) and Group 2 (n = 71) had 37% greater fatty acid analogue activity (0.26 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.19 +/- 0.09 percent injected dose per gram; p less than 0.05) compared with TTC negative segments from Group 2 dogs (n = 37). When fatty acid analogue activity was related to near simultaneous reperfusion blood flow, this ratio was 27% greater (p less than 0.05) in TTC positive segments (0.38 +/- 0.1) compared with TTC negative (0.30 +/- 0.16) segments, and 9% greater than normal (0.35 +/- 0.09; p less than 0.05). While ischemic regions from both Groups 1 and 2 dogs became similarly dyskinetic during occlusion (systolic shortening, -11 +/- 6 vs. -11 +/- 2%; p = NS), TTC negative segments remained akinetic (= 1 +/- 7%) at 3 hours of reperfusion while TTC positive zones had recovered partial systolic function (8 +/- 22%). Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of reversible ultrastructural changes in TTC positive regions. A 60-minute occlusion, 3-hour reperfusion model adapted for in vivo single photon emission computed tomography showed a similar excess of 123I fatty acid activity over flow when compared to perfusion (as measured with 201Tl) in the ischemic border zone of 4/4 canine myocardial infarcts. We conclude that the accumulation of this non-beta-oxidized fatty acid analogue noninvasively identifies zones of discordance between fatty acid and flow distribution that are characteristic of ischemically "stunned" but viable myocardium.
Corticosteroids enhance CD8+ T cell–mediated airway hyperresponsiveness and allergic inflammation by upregulating leukotriene B4 receptor 1
Authors: Hiroshi Ohnishi, Nobuaki Miyahara, Azzeddine Dakhama, Katsuyuki Takeda, Steven Mathis, Bodduluri Haribabu, Erwin W. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Lithium Content of Water In United States Cities
Authors: Joel S. Steinberg
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  Lithium salts were introduced as pharmacologically effective agents in the treatment of affective psychoses in 1949 by Cade. 1 Many reporting attest to the efficacy of lithium salts in these disorders. 1-11 Cade also proposed that the claiming effects of certain medicinal springs might lie in the concentration of lithium ions in the water. To our knowledge, no attempt has been published testing the above hypothesis. Cade himself has not studied the matter further (personal communication, 1967).  Some mineral waters have been found to have lithium ion concentrations approaching 1 mEq/liter, 12 and some naturally occurring brines have even higher concentrations. 12   Commercially significant deposits of lithium are by no means ubiquitous. In North America, there are four such areas known. They are in the Black Hills of South Dakota, Kings Mountain area of North Carolina, Val d'Or region of Quebec, and in the brines of Searles
The human IgG anti-carbohydrate repertoire exhibits a universal architecture and contains specificity for microbial attachment sites
Authors: Christoph Schneider, David F. Smith, Richard D. Cummings, Kayluz Frias Boligan, Robert G. Hamilton, Bruce S. Bochner, Sylvia Miescher, Hans-Uwe Simon, Anastas Pashov, Tchavdar Vassilev, Stephan von Gunten
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Despite the paradigm that carbohydrates are T cell-independent antigens, isotype-switched glycan-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and polysaccharide-specific T cells are found in humans. We used a systems-level approach combined with glycan array technology to decipher the repertoire of carbohydrate-specific IgG antibodies in intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulin preparations. A strikingly universal architecture of this repertoire with modular organization among different donor populations revealed an association between immunogenicity or tolerance and particular structural features of glycans. Antibodies were identified with specificity not only for microbial antigens but also for a broad spectrum of host glycans that serve as attachment sites for viral and bacterial pathogens and/or exotoxins. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens were differentially detected by IgG antibodies, whereas non-IgG2 reactivity was predominantly absent. Our study highlights the power of systems biology approaches to analyze immune responses and reveals potential glycan antigen determinants that are relevant to vaccine design, diagnostic assays, and antibody-based therapies.
Heart block and coronary artery disease.
Authors: M. J. Davies, D. Redwood, A. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Acute heart block is an uncommon but serious complication of myocardial infarction, though survivors usually return to sinus rhythm.Chronic heart block associated with Stokes-Adams attacks is also often assumed to be ischaemic in origin.Some clinical reviews have, however, stressed the high incidence of "primary" heart block (Zoob and Smith, 1963 ;Johansson, 1966).Initial studies from this hospital suggested that signifi- cant coronary artery disease was not present in most cases of chronic heart block and that pathological changes were often confined to the conduction system (Portal et al., 1962).A detailed post-mortem study of both acute and chronic heart block has now been carried out to define the part played by coronary disease in the production of complete heart block.
Letter by Cingolani et al Regarding Article, “Ventricular Phosphodiesterase-5 Expression Is Increased in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure and Contributes to Adverse Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction in Mice”
Authors: Oscar H. Cingolani, Néstor G. Pérez, Horacio E. Cingolani
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Hyperthermia and Cellular Immunity-Reply
Authors: Harry H. LeVeen
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Modification of antigens does improve immunity to ragweed and other allergens. Heating tumor antigen could modify it in a way which stimulates immunity. Immunization of mice with heated Ehrlich carcinoma cells induced greater protection to implantation with viable cells than did immunization with radiation-killed cells.<sup>1</sup>The present work suggests that heated antigen may be a better stimulus in humans.
A Clinical Index for Rating Severity in Cushing’s Syndrome
Authors: N. Sonino, M. Boscaro, F. Fallo, G.A. Fava
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2000)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; In assessing the clinical response to medical and/or surgical treatments in patients with established Cushing’s syndrome, the need for an instrument that could measure the magnitude of changes in the most common symptoms was felt. We therefore tested the usefulness of a simple clinical index, the Cushing’s syndrome severity index (CSI), based on clinimetric principles. Eight clinical features were selected. Each one was graded on an ordinal 3-point scale (0–2) with specification of anchor points based on severity. The total score ranged from 0 to 16. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Interrater agreement, construct validity and concurrent validity of the index were evaluated. Fourteen patients with Cushing’s syndrome were evaluated independently by 2 endocrinologists before and after successful treatment. The CSI and two global scales of illness severity were administered. Urinary cortisol measurements were also performed. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The intraclass correlation coefficient of the CSI was 0.95 before treatment and 0.87 after treatment. The CSI significantly discriminated (p &lt; 0.001) the effects of treatment and paralleled the changes in urinary cortisol. There were significant correlations between CSI and global scales of illness severity and change after treatment. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; The results indicate that the CSI is a valid and reliable clinimetric method to evaluate severity in Cushing’s syndrome. It may provide a tool for better assessing the complex array of signs and symptoms in this condition. The index is suitable for descriptive studies, outcome investigations and treatment trials.
Me and Migraine
Authors: Morton C. Creditor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

IT began when I was about 14. Although regrettably I remember very little of my childhood and early adolescence, my first two episodes of migraine are as vivid as if they happened yesterday. My friend and neighbor, Alvin K—, and I were traveling home to Brooklyn from the Hayden Planetarium in New York. On the subway I noticed that I was having difficulty seeing and then reading. I mentioned this to Alvin and complained first of a peculiar distortion of images and then of something I later came to recognize as defects in my visual field. We both agreed at . . .
The relationship between conscious phenomena and physical reality in behaviour control: The need for simplicity through phenomenological clarity
Authors: Ralf-Peter Behrendt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract How can “predictive simulation” – as a conscious phenomenon, related to goal imagery – be interchangeable with mirroring, which is an automatic response that, from a first-person perspective, enters awareness only after the act? The correspondence between perception of another's action and execution of one's similar action may be an example of a general perception-motor interface that maps perception onto behaviour or disposition towards action, without the need for simulation.
Germany drafts new law to make GPs subject to bribery legislation
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Germany’s health minister, Daniel Bahr, has announced plans to draft a new bribery and corruption law aimed at doctors who run their own practices, with doctors who are found guilty in the most extreme cases facing fines and up to three years in prison.

Bahr, noting that the law has the support of Chancellor Angela Merkel’s coalition government, says that he expects it to be drafted and approved by the …
Efficacy of topical photodynamic therapy of a giant keratoacanthoma demonstrated by partial irradiation
Authors: S. Radakovic-Fijan, H. Honigsmann, A. Tanew
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Journal Article Efficacy of topical photodynamic therapy of a giant keratoacanthoma demonstrated by partial irradiation Get access S. Radakovic‐Fijan, S. Radakovic‐Fijan Division of Special and Enviromental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A‐1090 Vienna, Austria E‐mail: sonja.radakovic@akh‐wien.ac.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Hönigsmann, H. Hönigsmann Division of Special and Enviromental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A‐1090 Vienna, Austria E‐mail: sonja.radakovic@akh‐wien.ac.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Tanew A. Tanew Division of Special and Enviromental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A‐1090 Vienna, Austria E‐mail: sonja.radakovic@akh‐wien.ac.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 141, Issue 5, 1 November 1999, Pages 936–937, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.03180.x Published: 01 November 1999
Mutations in the EYS Gene Account for Approximately 5% of Autosomal Recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa and Cause a Fairly Homogeneous Phenotype
Authors: Karin W. Littink, L. Ingeborgh van den Born, Robert K. Koenekoop, Rob W.J. Collin, Marijke N. Zonneveld, Ellen A.W. Blokland, Hayat Khan, Thomas Theelen, Carel B. Hoyng, Frans P.M. Cremers, Anneke I. den Hollander, B. Jeroen Klevering
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Use of poly(amidoamine) drug conjugates for the delivery of antimalarials to Plasmodium
Authors: Patricia Urbán, Juan José Valle-Delgado, Nicolò Mauro, Joana Marques, Amedea Manfredi, Matthias Rottmann, Elisabetta Ranucci, Paolo Ferruti, Xavier Fernàndez-Busquets
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Supplemental Insurance and Use of Effective Cardiovascular Drugs Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Alex D. Federman
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextCost-sharing in US prescription drug coverage plans for elderly persons varies widely. Evaluation of prescription drug use among elderly persons by type of health insurance could provide useful information for designing a Medicare drug program.ObjectiveTo determine use of effective cardiovascular drugs among elderly persons with coronary heart disease (CHD) by type of health insurance.Design, Setting, and PatientsCross-sectional evaluation of 1908 community-dwelling adults, aged 66 years or older, with a history of CHD or myocardial infarction from the 1997 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries.Main Outcome MeasuresUse of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins), β-blockers, and nitrates, and out-of-pocket expenditures for prescription drugs, stratified by type of health insurance: Medicare without drug coverage (Medicare only or self-purchased supplemental insurance) or with drug coverage (Medicaid, other public program, Medigap, health maintenance organization, or employer-sponsored plan).ResultsStatin use ranged from 4.1% in Medicare patients with no drug coverage to 27.4% in patients with employer-sponsored drug coverage (P&lt;.001). Less variation between these 2 types occurred for β-blockers (20.7% vs 36.1%; P = .003) and nitrates (20.4% vs 38.0%; P = .005). In multivariate analyses, statin use remained significantly lower for patients with Medicare only (odds ratio [OR], 0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05-0.49) and β-blocker use was lower for Medicaid patients (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.88) vs those with employer-sponsored coverage. Nitrate use occurred less frequently in persons lacking drug coverage (patients with Medicare only, P = .049; patients with supplemental insurance without drug coverage, P = .03). Patients with Medicare only spent a much larger fraction of income on prescription drugs compared with those with employer-sponsored drug coverage (7.9% vs 1.7%; adjusted P&lt;.001).ConclusionElderly Medicare beneficiaries with CHD who lack drug coverage have disproportionately large drug expenditures and lower use rates of statins, a class of relatively expensive drugs that improve survival.
Differential response of glomerular epithelial and mesangial cells after subtotal nephrectomy
Authors: Grace S.L. Lee, Cynthia C. Nast, Susy C. Peng, Alexander Artishevsky, Chun-Gyoo Ihm, Roy Guillermo, Patricia S. Levin, Richard J. Glassock, Janine LaPage, Sharon G. Adler
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
A Randomized Study of Short-v ersus Long-Term Intravesical Epirubicin Instillation for Superficial Bladder Cancer
Authors: Kikuo Okamura, Tsuneo Kinukawa, Yoshio Tsumura, Toshikazu Otani, Hiroshi Itoh, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Osamu Matsuura, Mineo Kobayashi, Toshiaki Fukatsu, Shinichi Ohshima, N Nagoya University Urological Oncology Group
Journal: European Urology (1998)
Does dexamethasone enhance control of acute cisplatin induced emesis by ondansetron?
Authors: J F Smyth, R E Coleman, M Nicolson, W M Gallmeier, R C Leonard, M A Cornbleet, S G Allan, B K Upadhyaya, U Bruntsch
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the contribution of dexamethasone to the efficacy of the 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonist ondansetron in control of cisplatin induced nausea and vomiting. DESIGN--Randomised double blind crossover study. SETTING--Two cancer centres in teaching hospitals, one in the United Kingdom and the other in Germany. SUBJECTS--100 patients (53 men and 47 women) new to cisplatin chemotherapy, 84 of whom completed two consecutive courses of chemotherapy. INTERVENTIONS--Patients were given intravenous dexamethasone (20 mg) or physiological saline with intravenous ondansetron 8 mg before cisplatin, then ondansetron 1 mg/h for 24 hours. Oral ondansetron 8 mg was taken three times daily on days 2-6. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Incidence of complete or major control of emesis (0-2 episodes in the 24 hours after chemotherapy). RESULTS--Complete or major control was obtained in 49 out of 71 (69%) of patients after receiving ondansetron plus dexamethasone compared with 40 out of 71 (56%) when they were given ondansetron alone (p = 0.012). This effect was most pronounced in the first 12 hours after chemotherapy. Patients receiving the combination also had significantly less nausea. Of the 53 patients who expressed a preference, 38 (72%) preferred the combination treatment (p = 0.002) to ondansetron alone. The effect of ondansetron on delayed emesis was less pronounced. CONCLUSIONS--Dexamethasone makes a significant contribution to the efficacy of ondansetron in the control of acute platinum induced emesis.
Weaning and depression: another postpartum complication
Authors: V L Susman, J L Katz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The dramatic endocrinologic changes that occur after childbirth and the coincident affective disturbances that range from "maternity blues" to major depression have stimulated much theorizing and some study. The role of breast-feeding and weaning has received remarkably little attention both in the more biologically oriented studies and in epidemiologic work. This paper reviews endocrinologic data which support the thesis that postpartum psychiatric disorders have a hormonal basis and discusses the possible psychiatric effects of breast-feeding and weaning. The cases of four patients who developed major depressions in close temporal association with weaning are presented and discussed.