tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Stethoscope and the Art of Listening
Authors: Howard Markel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Many physicians cling to Asclepios's staff as the quintessential insignia of our craft, no doubt debating endlessly whether it should have one or two ascending snakes. Some doctors cherish instead the symbolism of the white coats they don daily, which impart a hygienic air. Still others tightly clutch their beaten black-leather doctor's bags, once indispensable accessories for bygone house calls.But with all due respect to these and a host of other treasured tokens, I contend that the stethoscope best symbolizes the practice of medicine. Whether absentmindedly worn around the neck like an amulet or coiled gunslinger-style in the pocket, . . .
Tc-99m MDP Scanning in a Patient With Extensive Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
Authors: NEDIM C. M. G??LALDI, NAZENIN ELAHI, JALALEDDIN SASANI, G??NAYDIN ERBENGI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive (FOP) is an extremely rare disorder characterized by unremitting heterotopic ossification associated with typical skeletal abnormalities. Although most cases arise sporadically, it is inherited as an autosomal dominant condition. It is not necessary for heterotropic ossification to begin with trauma as in myositis ossificans, so unusual sites of involvement may show various patterns of scintigraphic findings in patients with FOP. The authors report a case of extensive FOP with an interesting Tc-99m MDP bone scan.
IgD myeloma presenting as a testicular tumor: Establishment and characterization of an IgD‐secreting myeloma cell line
Authors: Kazuyoshi Ishii, Kenji Yamato, Ichiro Kubonishi, Hirokuni Taguchi, Yuji Ohtsuki, Isao Miyoshi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract A 72‐year‐old man presented with a left testicular tumor and underwent orchiectomy. The tumor was massively infiltrated with myeloma cells bearing monoclonal cytoplasmic IgDλ. Three months after orchiectomy, he developed huge abdominal masses and subsequently ascites containing numerous myeloma cells. An IgD‐secreting myeloma cell line, designated delta‐47, was established from the ascites. This cell line expressed CD4 and CD38, but lacked Fc and complement receptors, surface immunoglobulin, CD19, HLA‐DR, and PCA‐1. CD30 was detected on the cultured cells but not on the ascites tumor cells. Delta‐47 cells secreted the same immunoglobulin (IgDλ) as was found in the patient's serum. The light chain had a molecular weight of 35 kD which was larger than that of the normal light chain. Chromosome analysis of delta‐47 revealed an aneuploid karyotype with complex abnormalities including 1q+, 2p+, and 14q+. To our knowledge, this is the only IgD‐secreting myeloma cell line and would provide a useful tool for the study of IgD production and IgD myeloma. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitral Valve Prolapse: Causes, Clinical Manifestations, and Management
Authors: Richard B. Devereux
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Purpose: To assess the causes, methods of diagnosis, clinical spectrum, and management of mitral valve prolapse. Data Identification: Results of prospective study of over 800 subjects at Cornell Medical Center from 1979 to the present were used along with studies published from 1963 to 1989 identified by computerized literature searches of Index Medicus and MEDLINE, and by hand searches. Study Selection: Studies involving controlled design, longitudinal follow-up, or critical assessment of diagnostic methodology, and clinical studies or previous reviews that have contributed most to the understanding of mitral valve prolapse were selected. Data Extraction: Data concerning the causes, clinical manifestations and complications, and prevalence of mitral valve prolapse, as well as the strength of association between mitral valve prolapse and diagnostic signs, were evaluated and used to develop a practical approach to evaluating and managing patients. Results of Data Synthesis: Most instances of mitral valve prolapse are primary and inherited, with possible genetic heterogeneity. Mitral prolapse may be diagnosed by auscultation of midsystolic clicks and late-systolic murmurs that respond typically to maneuvers, or by billowing of mitral leaflets across the mitral anular plane in long-axis, two-dimensional echocardiographic views or by a late-systolic, posterior leaflet displacement of at least 2 mm in meticulously targeted M-mode recordings. Mitral valve prolapse is associated with thoracic bony abnormalities, low body weight, low blood pressure, and a modest excess of orthostatic hypotension, syncope, palpitations, and atrial arrhythmias, but not with nonspecific symptoms (atypical chest pain, dyspnea, anxiety or panic attacks). Complications of mitral valve prolapse, including about 4000 mitral valve operations, 1100 cases of endocarditis, and possibly 4000 sudden deaths per year in the United States, are concentrated disproportionately in older men, with about 5% of affected men and 1.5% of affected women ultimately requiring valve surgery. Conclusions: Prophylaxis for endocarditis and closeness of follow-up should be related to the occurrence of the independent risk factors for complications of mitral prolapse (presence of mitral regurgitation, male gender, and age over 45 years), whereas active management and close observation are needed for severe mitral regurgitation and advanced ventricular arrhythmias.
Rehabilitation after stroke--2: Language and memory training and the requirements of rehabilitation services.
Authors: D Gloag
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Free scopular flop tmnsfer ( Development offree flaps has permitted the transfer in one stage oftissue to a hostile environment where routine flaps would normally not survive because ofthe poor vasculature or because ofinfection.Such procedures, which are now becoming far more routine, although they undoubtedly take more operating time and require the surgical technique ofmicrosurgery, permit a safer and more sophisticated reconstruction than was formerly possible and a greatly reduced stay in hospital compared with the original tube pedicles, which could take at least six months to move into the position in which they were required and had a 50% failure rate.
Persistent F-18 Deoxyglucose and Tc-99m Methylene Diphosphonate Uptake in a Lower Extremity Radiation Port
Authors: Eugene D. Silverman, William K. Carson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Four years after radiation therapy to the lower extremity for a bone metastasis, persistent F-18 FDG and Tc99m MDP uptake were noted in the radiation port. Presumably ongoing inflammatory cellular processes accounts for this finding.
Impact of plaque characteristics on myocardial tissue reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Shigeo Kawano, Hiroshi Ito, Katsuomi Iwakura, Atsunori Okamura, Tadashi Kuroda, Katsuaki Asano, Koji Tanaka, Yuya Nishida, Yoshihiro Maekawa, Akio Yano, Yoshimune Hiramoto, Noriyuki Hanibuchi, Norihiro Hayashi, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The radiographic assessment of coronary blood flow parameters.
Authors: R A Vogel
Journal: Circulation (1985)

TO HAVE a complete understanding of coronary ar- tery disease, a clinician must be able to evaluate coro- nary anatomy, ventricular function, and coronary blood flow.Selective coronary arteriography and left ventriculography remain the standard means for ob- taining information on the first two factors.Although visual analysis of percent diameter coronary stenosis suffers from significant intraobserver and interob- server variability, quantitative analysis of arterio- graphic images provides accurate and objective mea- surements of arterial geometry.The third factor, coronary blood flow, is rarely measured directly.Most often, alterations in blood flow are inferred clinically from the coronary anatomy.This inference is based on the close correlation between percent diameter stenosis and coronary flow reserve found in experimental ani- mals, coronary flow reserve being defined as the ratio of maximal hyperemic-to-baseline blood flow in a coronary artery.'Contrary to these experimental ob- servations are data suggesting that human coronary flow reserve correlates poorly with percent diameter stenosis and only moderately with absolute measure- ments of stenosis geometry-' Recent developments in radiographic technology have therefore rekindled an interest in measuring coro- nary blood flow and flow reserve in the catheterization laboratory, with the intention of providing an inde- pendent means for their assessment.Results of pre- liminary trials suggest that this is possible, although contrast media cannot be used to measure coronary blood flow by traditional approaches.Early data also suggest that many factors in addition to epicardial arterial stenosis need to be considered in the clinical interpretation of blood flow parameters.
A Gene Expression Signature for Relapse of Primary Wilms Tumors
Authors: Wenliang Li, Patricia Kessler, Herman Yeger, Jennifer Alami, Anthony E. Reeve, Rosemary Heathcott, Jane Skeen, Bryan R.G. Williams
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Anaplastic histology and metastasis are each associated with higher relapse and mortality rates in Wilms tumor patients. However, not all anaplastic tumors relapse and some nonanaplastic tumors relapse unexpectedly. To identify more accurate early prognostic indicators, we analyzed expression of 4,900 cancer-related genes in 26 primary Wilms tumors. This analysis revealed that expression of a set of four genes predicts future relapse of primary Wilms tumors with high accuracy, independent of anaplasia. Random permutation testing of this prognostic gene expression signature yielded P = 0.003. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis of the four genes in an independent primary tumor set resulted in correct prediction of future relapse with an accuracy of 92%. One of the four genes in the prognostic signature, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPB), is expressed at higher levels in both primary relapsing tumors and metastatic tumors than in primary nonrelapsing tumors. Short interfering RNA–mediated down-regulation of C/EBPB expression in WiT49, a cell line derived from a metastatic Wilms tumor, resulted in spontaneous apoptosis. These findings suggest that C/EBPB is a critical survival factor for Wilms tumor cells and that its expression contributes to the prognosis of Wilms tumor patients.
Pulmonary lobe blood flow during ventilation hypoxia and lobar collapse in the dog
Authors: C H ORCHARD, R S. D. LEON, M K CHAKRABARTI, N LEME, M K SYKES
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

Journal Article Pulmonary lobe blood flow during ventilation hypoxia and lobar collapse in the dog Get access C H ORCHARD, C H ORCHARD **As below§ Correspondance and reprint requests to: Dr C H Orchard, Cardiovascular Section, NIH Gerontology Research Center, City Hospitals, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R SANCHEZ DE LEON, R SANCHEZ DE LEON † Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M K CHAKRABARTI, M K CHAKRABARTI Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N LEME, N LEME Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M K SYKES M K SYKES ‡ Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 19, Issue 5, May 1985, Pages 264–269, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/19.5.264 Published: 01 May 1985
Familial occurrence of isolated non‐compaction cardiomyopathy
Authors: Anouk Lorsheyd, Maarten‐Jan M. Cramer, Birgitta K. Velthuis, Evert‐Jan P. Vonken, Jasper van der Smagt, Peter van Tintelen, Richard N.W. Hauer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Neurogenic component of different models of acute inflammation in the rat knee joint.
Authors: F Y Lam, W R Ferrell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

This study was performed to investigate whether different models of acute joint inflammation showed a neurogenic component and to establish whether this is mediated through sensory afferent or sympathetic efferent nerve fibres. Intra-articular injection of 2% carrageenan, 20 micrograms substance P, 1% formalin, and 2% urate all produced an inflammatory response. Prior surgical denervation of the joint significantly inhibited this response in the carrageenan and formalin models, but not the others. Pretreatment of the joint with 1% capsaicin (about one week previously) significantly reduced the inflammatory response in all models except formalin. In animals pretreated long term with reserpine (to deplete sympathetic nerve endings of their neurotransmitters) significant reductions occurred in the inflammatory responses to substance P and urate. Intraarticular injection of compound 48/80 produced a marked inflammatory response, which was only significantly reduced by capsaicin pretreatment. These results suggest that both the formalin and carrageenan models of inflammation depend to some extent on the integrity of the sensory innervation of the joint, and thus have a neurogenically mediated component to the inflammatory process they generate. In these models there seems to be little contribution from sympathetic efferent fibres. Each model of inflammation showed a different pattern of response to the pretreatments, suggesting that the mediators of the inflammatory process may differ in each case.
A CASE OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: GEORGE E. EBRIGHT
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The presentation of this case of congenital heart disease is possibly of academic rather than practical interest: <h3>History.</h3> —Mr. G. R., aged 35, was admitted to the University of California service in the San Francisco Hospital, for varicose ulcers of both legs. His father had varicose ulcers and veins at the age of 30, and one brother has varicose ulcers. According to the patient's mother, he was born at full term and was black until he was 6 weeks old, after which his complexion cleared. Clubbing of his fingers was first noticed when he was 8 or 10 years old. He has had measles, whooping-cough, and about fifteen years ago had "quinsy sore throat" during two or three winters. About a year ago he had facial erysipelas. The patient has been spasmodically a heavy drinker. He has noticed that the condition on his legs is worse when he drinks, and
Variants selected by treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells with an immunotoxin.
Authors: S H Pincus, K Wehrly, E Tschachler, S F Hayes, R S Buller, M Reitz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

An immunotoxin has been made by coupling anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope antibody 907 to ricin A chain (907-RAC). 907 recognizes an epitope within the immunodominant PB-1 loop of gp120. Variant cells were selected by cloning persistently infected H9/human T lymphocyte virus IIIB cells in the presence of the immunotoxin. Clones resistant to 907-RAC arose at a frequency of 0.1-1.0%. Seven clones were selected for intensive analysis. When studied, these clones fell into two distinct groups, members of which appeared to be identical, suggesting that the variation arose before the selection process. In contrast to the parent cells, none of the cloned variants produced infectious HIV. The first set of clones, designated the "E" variants, expressed decreased levels of the HIV envelope on the cell surface. However, levels of intracellular HIV antigens and reverse transcriptase were equal to or greater than that of the parental cell line. Radioimmunoprecipitation demonstrated that the gp160 was truncated to 145 kD (gp120 was normal length), capable of binding to CD4, and, unlike normal gp160, was released in its unprocessed form into the cellular supernatant. Sequence analysis demonstrated that a deletion at codon 687 of the envelope gene resulted in the production of this truncated protein. Ultrastructural analysis of E variants demonstrated some budding forms of virus, but also large numbers of HIV within intracellular vesicles. The second set of variants, the "F" series, produced no HIV antigens, reverse transcriptase, nor was there ultrastructural evidence of virus. However, proviral DNA was present. Virus could not be induced with agents known to activate latent HIV. These cells also lacked cell surface CD4 and could not be infected with HIV. These studies demonstrate that variation in HIV can affect the phenotype of the cells carrying the altered virus, allowing for escape from immunologic destruction. The E variants may serve as prototypes for attenuated HIV, which could be used as a vaccine. We have reconstructed the mutation found in the E variants within the infectious HIV clone HXB-2 and demonstrated that the resulting virus retains its noninfectious phenotype.
Effect of mattress encasings on atopic dermatitis outcome measures in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study: The Dutch mite avoidance study
Authors: Albert-Jan Oosting, Marjolein S. de Bruin-Weller, Ingrid Terreehorst, Zana Tempels-Pavlica, Rob C. Aalberse, Jan G.R. de Monchy, Roy Gerth van Wijk, Carla A.F.M. Bruijnzeel-Koomen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Late Follow-up Study of Radiologic Changes after Mitral Valvuloplasty
Authors: John E. Gary
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

AN objective radiologic survey of all patients who had undergone mitral valvuloplasty at the Mount Auburn hospital before January, 1954, was carried out. All patients in this group were operated upon by Dr. Dwight E. Harken. They were all studied both before operation and at follow-up examination by the cardiologists, Dr. Laurence B. Ellis and his associates, Drs. Walter H. Abelmann, John F. Otto, Jr., and J. Morrison Hutcheson, Jr. The clinical, electrocardiographic and laboratory findings will be reported elsewhere.Only two criteria for selection were used: the patient had to be at least one year beyond operation and to . . .
Cardiovascular science: opportunities for translating research into improved care
Authors: Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Cardiovascular research is progressing on many fronts, as highlighted in the collection of Reviews in this issue of the JCI. MicroRNAs that regulate cardiac function have been implicated in cardiac disorders, and efforts to develop therapeutic antagomirs are underway. The genetic bases of several cardiac disorders, including cardiomyopathies that cause heart failure and channelopathies that underlie cardiac arrhythmias, have been elucidated. Genetic testing can identify asymptomatic individuals at risk, potentially leading to effective preventative measures. Growing evidence supports the role of chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis, providing new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. For heart failure, recent work suggests that cardiac regeneration using stem/progenitor cells, gene transfer, new drugs that restore normal Ca2+ cycling, and agents that reduce reperfusion injury following myocardial infarction are all viable new approaches to managing disease. Cumulatively, it seems likely that the clinical advances emerging from ongoing research will, in the foreseeable future, reduce the number of deaths in the industrialized world from cardiovascular disease.
Insight and Responsibility: Lectures on the Ethical Implications of Psychoanalytic Insight
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Erikson has a wide and honored reputation as psychoanalyst, anthropological researcher, and interpreter of social problems. His first book,<i>Childhood and Society</i>(1950), included chapters on such varied subjects as psychopathology of children and young adults, American Indian customs, Hitler, and a Russian movie. Throughout, he emphasized the problem of identity development and the effects on society of our residual childhood anxieties. His second book,<i>Young Man Luther</i>(1958), a psychoanalytic interpretation of the reformer, shed light not only on Luther but also on the crises in development of young people today. Erikson is now Professor of Human Development at Harvard. He is often called upon to deliver addresses at national and international meetings. This volume, his third published book, contains six addresses, somewhat revised and expanded, originally delivered between 1956 and 1963 in Germany, Austria, India, and America. All relate somewhat to the theses of responsibility, ethics, and the
Treatment of alcohol-related liver disease with (+)-cyanidanol-3: a randomised double-blind trial.
Authors: J C Colman, M Y Morgan, P J Scheuer, S Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1980)

A randomised double-blind trial of (+)-cyanidanol-3(Catechin), 2 g/day versus placebo, was carried out in 40 patients with pre-cirrhotic alcohol-related liver disease over a three month period. Twenty received the active drug and 20 placebo; one non-compliant patient in the treatment group was withdrawn. Forty-one per cent (16/39) abstained from alcohol and showed significant improvements (P &lt; 0.005) in mean values for serum aspartate transaminase, serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, and mean corpuscular volume. Ten of the 16 showed overall histological improvement on liver biopsy. Fifty-nine pr cent (23/39) continued to drink, though significantly reducing their mean daily alcohol intake (P &lt; 0.001). No significant changes occurred in this group in mean serum enzyme values, though the mean value for mean corpuscular volume improved significantly (P &lt; 0.01) and 16 of the 23 showed overall histological improvement. Changes occurred irrespective of treatment with Catechin which suggests that, over a three month period, this drug did not influence the course of alcohol-related liver disease.
Rapid Diagnosis of Legionnaires' Disease by Direct Immunofluorescent Staining
Authors: CLAIRE V. BROOME
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

A blind reading of direct immunofluorescent staining of sputum smears was positive in five of 21 patients with Legionnaires' disease and none of 47 control patients. Positive slides showed from eight organisms per smear (one slide) to 20 to 100 organisms per oil-immersion (magnification, 100) field (three slides). Two of the positive specimens were obtained through an endotracheal tube, one at bronchoscopy, and the other positive slides were from expectorated specimens. In addition, two open-lung biopsies and a bronchial lavage sediment from three confirmed cases of Legionnaires' disease were positive by direct immunofluorescent staining for Legionnaires' disease bacterium.
Updating the Needs of the Massachusetts Elderly
Authors: Laurence G. Branch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Health planners, administrators and physicians who seek either to establish a new system to provide health care and social services to the elderly or to upgrade the capabilities of an existing system must be able to describe quantitatively, and to understand, the population in need.As part of the overall effort to review the long-term-care system in Massachusetts, the Center for Survey Research,* under contract to the Department of Public Health, conducted a statewide probability survey of 1625 noninstitutionalized people over 65 and 386 chronically disabled people 18 to 65 years of age in Massachusetts from November, 1974, through February, . . .
Failure of Methylene Blue Treatment in Toxic Methemoglobinemia
Authors: Peter J. Rosen, Cage Johnson, William G. Mcgehee, Ernest Beutler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

A patient who ingested an aniline-containing material developed severe methemoglobinemia. The usual beneficial response from administering methylene blue was not obtained, and within 24 hours a marked hemolytic episode occurred. The patient was found to be glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient and was therefore unable to utilize methylene blue in the NADPH-dependent reduction of methemoglobin. The possible role of methylene blue in precipitating the hemolysis is also discussed.