tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2-12-10: Psycho-spiritual therapy for improving the quality of life and spiritual well-being of women with breast cancer
Authors: A Loghmani, N Jafari, A Zamani, Z Farajzadegan, F Bahrami, H Emami
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Objective: Psychological distress and morbidity are common consequences of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and associated with poor quality of life (QOL). Among several approaches, spirituality has been shown to be significantly associated with improving the quality of life of these patients. The aim of this study was to assess the role of psycho-spiritual therapy intervention in improving the quality of life and spiritual well-being of patients with breast cancer. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial study which was conducted in the Breast Cancer Research Center, St. S. Al-Shohada hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Sixty-eight patients with breast cancer were randomized to either psycho-spiritual therapy intervention group or control group who received routine management and educational programs. Before and after 6 weeks of psycho-spiritual therapy sessions, the quality of life was evaluated using Cancer quality-of-life questionnaire (QLQ-C30) and its supplementary breast cancer questionnaire (QLQ-BR23) and Spiritual well-being was measured using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well-being scale (FACIT-Sp12). Multivariate, repeated-measures ANOVA, T-test and Paired T-test were used for analysis using Predictive Analytic Soft Ware (PASW, version 18) for windows. Results: In all sixty five patients actually completed the six-week intervention and were evaluated for the outcomes. The mean Global health status score/QOL reached from 44.37 (SD: 13.03) to 68.63 (SD: 10.86), (p &amp;lt; 0.001), (Cohen's d effect size: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.56–2.78). There was a statistically significant difference in all functional scales of QLQ-C30 (p &amp;lt; 0.05) as well as spiritual well-being after intervention. (p = 0.02) Conclusions: The results of this trial showed that the psycho-spiritual therapy program can improve the spiritual well-being and QOL of women with breast cancer. This program, with its ease of implementation and home practice, could be adopted in comprehensive care programs for women with breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-12-10.
UK law firm starts action on "metal on metal" hip implants
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A London law firm is preparing to launch a compensation claim against the makers of an artificial hip replacement component on behalf of patients who have had to undergo early revision procedures after developing complications.

Leigh Day & Co plans to issue proceedings in the English courts against De Puy International, the UK based division of US based De Puy Orthopaedics, a Johnson & Johnson company, which makes the articular surface replacement (ASR) metal on metal system.

The claim, to be brought under UK legislation covering defective products, follows a report from the National Joint Replacement Agency in Australia. It found that the ASR system had …
Overview on AMA Activities
Authors: Ernest B. Howard
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In November 1968, the House noted that the EVP, as the "chief executive officer," had "a unique opportunity to assess the affairs of medicine both internally and in the context of their public impact." It therefore directed the EVP to prepare an annual written report to the House. In 1969,1970, and 1971, my reports dealt exclusively with staff affairs. In this 1972 report I have expanded my review to present a more comprehensive picture of AMA activities. This report did not appear in the House of Delegates<i>Handbook</i>because I wanted it to be up to the minute. It was completed on Friday, June 16. <h3>Ongoing Services</h3> The AMA is a large and complex organization whose wide-ranging, diversified activities are probably unmatched by any voluntary agency in the world. Here is a kaleidoscope of the AMA: 1. In one day at the AMA there are 700 long distance telephone calls
Sex and Outcome After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Steven Borzak, W. Douglas Weaver
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Areas of DisagreementWomen are older and more likely to have comorbidities (eg, history of hypertension, heart failure, and/or diabetes) on presentation.Mortality is either similar or higher in women after adjusting for comorbid conditions.Multivariate adjustment accounts for some of the differences in procedure use and outcome between men and women.Thrombolytic and procedure use (ie, catheterization, revascularization) is either similar or lower in women.Complications from MI and thrombolysis are more common in women than in men.
The National Cancer Act Provided Special Authorities
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

The National Cancer Act Provided Special Authorities Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 24, 19 December 1990, Page 1873, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.24.1873 Published: 19 December 1990
Risk Stratification by Self-Measured Home Blood Pressure across Categories of Conventional Blood Pressure: A Participant-Level Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kei Asayama, Lutgarde Thijs, Jana Brguljan-Hitij, Teemu J. Niiranen, Atsushi Hozawa, José Boggia, Lucas S. Aparicio, Azusa Hara, Jouni K. Johansson, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Christophe Tzourio, George S. Stergiou, Edgardo Sandoya, Ichiro Tsuji, Antti M. Jula, Yutaka Imai, Jan A. Staessen
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Jan Staessen and colleagues compare the risk of cardiovascular, cardiac, or cerebrovascular events in patients with elevated office blood pressure vs. self-measured home blood pressure. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Duplex scanning for diagnosis of aortoiliac and femoropopliteal disease: a prospective study.
Authors: T R Kohler, D R Nance, M M Cramer, N Vandenburghe, D E Strandness
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We compared ultrasonic duplex scanning and angiography for the localization and classification of arterial stenoses and occlusions in 32 patients. The criteria for the detection of a greater than 50% diameter reducing stenosis was an increase in peak systolic velocity of greater than 100%, loss of reverse flow, and spectral broadening. Duplex studies and angiograms were evaluated in a blinded fashion. The agreement between duplex scanning and angiography for the 383 arterial segments studied was not significantly different than the previously reported agreement between two different radiologists reading the same angiograms (kappa of 0.55 vs 0.63). For detecting stenoses that were greater than 50% diameter reducing by angiography, duplex scanning had a sensitivity of 82%, a specificity of 92%, a positive predictive value of 80%, and a negative predictive value of 93%. These results are as good as previously reported comparisons between two different radiologists' readings of the same angiograms.
A catalytically silent FAAH-1 variant drives anandamide transport in neurons
Authors: Jin Fu, Giovanni Bottegoni, Oscar Sasso, Rosalia Bertorelli, Walter Rocchia, Matteo Masetti, Ana Guijarro, Alessio Lodola, Andrea Armirotti, Gianpiero Garau, Tiziano Bandiera, Angelo Reggiani, Marco Mor, Andrea Cavalli, Daniele Piomelli
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2011)
IODINE AS THE SOLE PREPARATION AND DRESSING FOR OPERATION WOUNDS
Authors: F. J. A. Dalton
Journal: BMJ (1912)

MTwDAAM= 765 fected pieces of catgut were then dipped into the spirit and perchloride solution for A, 2, 3, or 5 minutes.They were then soaked in sterile water for twenty-four hours to remove the perchloride, and finally cLultivated in broth tubes.Minutes in Spirit Solution: | 2 3 5Stapzhylococcus albuts (catgut) .
In vitro fertilisation for all?: Fertility treatment may be an economic blessing
Authors: J. H West
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—Ashcroft in his editorial and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence in its consultation document avoid the question of how the value of in vitro fertilisation can be measured both in absolute terms and relative to other health spending priorities.1,2

When we read and hear of children born as the result of in vitro fertilisation we should not think, “There's another £15 000 gone.” But rather, “There's another couple whose distress has been relieved and who have the opportunity to experience the love and fulfilment of children; there's another human being who has been given the opportunity to live a life; and, there's another person to pay the taxes for our healthcare and pensions when we retire.”
Colistin sulphomethate sodium administration in the presence of severe renal failure and during haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
Authors: J. R. Curitis, J. B. Eastwood
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Colistin sulphomethate sodium is excreted largely via the kidneys (McMillan, Price, MacLaren, and Scott, 1962; Colley and Frankel, 1963).It was to be expected, therefore, that prolonged elevation of blood levels of the drug would occur in the presence of renal failure.
Abstract 3731: Targeting ovarian cancer stem cells using a novel ALDH inhibitor.
Authors: Ilana Chefetz, Kun Yang, Scott D. Larsen, Ronald J. Buckanovich
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Cancer cells with stem cell-like properties (CSC) are resistant to chemotherapy and are believed to be the source of cancer recurrence. Aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymatic activity (ALDH), alone and in combination with the stem cell marker CD133, can be used to define a hierarchy of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells (OvCSC). ALDH is functionally important for stem cells, regulating motile cellular metabolic functions and the biosynthesis of retinoic acid. ALDH agonists have been demonstrated to enhance ‘stemness’ in some tissues. We therefore sought to determine the impact of ALDH antagonist on OvCSC. Methods and Results: We screened a variety of novel derivatives with confirmed or potential ALDH activity based on the molecular homology to the known ALDH inhibitor DEAB. Using the ALDEFLUOR assay and A2780 cancer cell line as a source of ALDH+CD133+ cells, we identified a lead compound 673 which effectively inhibits ALDH activity. Interestingly this compound also potently depletes CD133+ ovarian cancer cells. Supporting functional depletion of OvCSC, treatment of primary human ovarian tumor ascites cells with 673 resulted in 4-20 fold decrease tumor sphere formation. 673 treatment is highly synergistic with cisplatin both in-vitro and in-vivo as assessed by cell growth curves and tumor growth. Importantly, pre-treatment of tumor cells with 673 significantly reduced tumor in tumor initiation and growth rates. Finally, 673 is non-toxic to normal stem cells. Conclusions: We have identified a novel ALDH inhibitor, 673, which depletes the ovarian cancer cells expressing CSC markers. CSC marker independent functional assays, with both cell lines and primary human ovarian cancer cells, indicate 673 is depleting OvCSC activity. Thus this may be a powerful new therapeutic approach to target CSC. Future studies will elucidate the molecular mechanism that underlies 673 OvCSC depletion activities as well as to identify a specific ALDH isoforms targeted in ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Ilana Chefetz, Kun Yang, Scott D. Larsen, Ronald J. Buckanovich. Targeting ovarian cancer stem cells using a novel ALDH inhibitor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3731. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3731
Preventing postoperative thromboembolism.
Authors: A Hilson, J G Ayres
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Rodent models of anxiety have implicated the ventral hippocampus in approach–avoidance conflict processing. Few studies have, however, examined whether the human hippocampus plays a similar role. We developed a novel decision-making paradigm to examine neural activity when participants made approach/avoidance decisions under conditions of high or absent approach–avoidance conflict. Critically, our task required participants to learn the associated reward/punishment values of previously neutral stimuli and controlled for mnemonic and spatial processing demands, both important issues given approach–avoidance behavior in humans is less tied to predation and foraging compared to rodents. Participants played a points-based game where they first attempted to maximize their score by determining which of a series of previously neutral image pairs should be approached or avoided. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants were then presented with novel pairings of these images. These pairings consisted of images of congruent or opposing learned valences, the latter creating conditions of high approach–avoidance conflict. A data-driven partial least squares multivariate analysis revealed two reliable patterns of activity, each revealing differential activity in the anterior hippocampus, the homolog of the rodent ventral hippocampus. The first was associated with greater hippocampal involvement during trials with high as opposed to no approach–avoidance conflict, regardless of approach or avoidance behavior. The second pattern encompassed greater hippocampal activity in a more anterior aspect during approach compared to avoid responses, for conflict and no-conflict conditions. Multivoxel pattern classification analyses yielded converging findings, underlining a role of the anterior hippocampus in approach–avoidance conflict decision making. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Approach–avoidance conflict has been linked to anxiety and occurs when a stimulus or situation is associated with reward and punishment. Although rodent work has implicated the hippocampus in approach–avoidance conflict processing, there is limited data on whether this role applies to learned, as opposed to innate, incentive values, and whether the human hippocampus plays a similar role. Using functional neuroimaging with a novel decision-making task that controlled for perceptual and mnemonic processing, we found that the human hippocampus was significantly active when approach–avoidance conflict was present for stimuli with learned incentive values. These findings demonstrate a role for the human hippocampus in approach–avoidance decision making that cannot be explained easily by hippocampal-dependent long-term memory or spatial cognition.
NONANTIGENICITY AND IMMUNOLOGIC TOLERANCE: THE ROLE OF THE CARRIER IN THE INDUCTION OF TOLERANCE TO THE HAPTEN
Authors: Dov Theo Golan, Yves Borel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Treatment of adult mice with dinitrophenyl (DNP) bound to isogeneic serum resulted in a specific inability to respond to DNP after challenge with DNP-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in complete Freund's adjuvant. The unresponsiveness to the hapten had all the characteristics of immunologic tolerance: it had a definite induction time; it was transient but could be maintained by additional injections of the tolerogen; it was antigen specific and dose dependent. In addition, the induction of tolerance to DNP is dependent on the nature of the carrier. Two main conclusions can be drawn from these data: DNP conjugates of three homopolymers of lysine were found to be nonimmunogenic in mice, yet tolerogenic. Thus, antigenicity is not necessary to induce tolerance. Among the various carriers tested, isogeneic 7S immunoglobulin (IgG) was found to be the most effective to induce and maintain tolerance to the hapten. This suggests that IgG may have a function other than its usual role as an immunoglobulin.
Somatic mutations in ATP1A1 and ATP2B3 lead to aldosterone-producing adenomas and secondary hypertension
Authors: Felix Beuschlein, Sheerazed Boulkroun, Andrea Osswald, Thomas Wieland, Hang N Nielsen, Urs D Lichtenauer, David Penton, Vivien R Schack, Laurence Amar, Evelyn Fischer, Anett Walther, Philipp Tauber, Thomas Schwarzmayr, Susanne Diener, Elisabeth Graf, Bruno Allolio, Benoit Samson-Couterie, Arndt Benecke, Marcus Quinkler, Francesco Fallo, Pierre-Francois Plouin, Franco Mantero, Thomas Meitinger, Paolo Mulatero, Xavier Jeunemaitre, Richard Warth, Bente Vilsen, Maria-Christina Zennaro, Tim M Strom, Martin Reincke
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
NICE recommends greater use of sunscreens at school and work to prevent skin cancer
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Schools should encourage children and young people to wear high factor sunscreen when outside in the sun, and workplaces should support outdoor workers to reduce sun exposure, recommends draft public health guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on the prevention of skin cancer.

The guidance recommends greater focus on people at particularly high risk from sun exposure. This includes encouraging schools to develop policies designed to protect children and young people, and encouraging workplaces to implement measures to reduce sun exposure in outdoor workers.

Educational and leisure settings should develop strategies “to ensure children and young people do not get sunburnt and minimise their overexposure to the sun,” the draft guidance suggests. These should include encouraging parents …
Normalization Using Weighted Negative Second Order Exponential Error Functions (NeONORM) Provides Robustness Against Asymmetries in Comparative Transcriptome Profiles and Avoids False Calls
Authors: Sebastian Noth, Guillaume Brysbaert, Arndt Benecke
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2006)

Studies on high-throughput global gene expression using microarray technology have generated ever larger amounts of systematic transcriptome data. A major challenge in exploiting these heterogeneous datasets is how to normalize the expression profiles by inter-assay methods. Different non-linear and linear normalization methods have been developed, which essentially rely on the hypothesis that the true or perceived logarithmic fold-change distributions between two different assays are symmetric in nature. However, asymmetric gene expression changes are frequently observed, leading to suboptimal normalization results and in consequence potentially to thousands of false calls. Therefore, we have specifically investigated asymmetric comparative transcriptome profiles and developed the normalization using weighted negative second order exponential error functions (NeONORM) for robust and global inter-assay normalization. NeONORM efficiently damps true gene regulatory events in order to minimize their misleading impact on the normalization process. We evaluated NeONORM's applicability using artificial and true experimental datasets, both of which demonstrated that NeONORM could be systematically applied to inter-assay and inter-condition comparisons.
Sexual Behavior and the Law
Authors: L. Clovis Hirning
Journal: JAMA (1965)

While this complex, massive volume is a gold mine of information, its usefulness is somewhat paradoxical: the psychiatric aspects are most useful to the lawyer, whereas the legal aspects are of value to a psychiatrist. The book of nearly 900 pages, with some 49 participants from a wide variety of disciplines including law, psychoanalysis, criminology, sociology, and even psychopharmacology and social philosophy, is as difficult to classify as it is to discuss briefly. While it could be catalogued under law, psychiatry, or sociology with equal validity, it is probably to the field of psychiatry that its most cogent and authoritative contributions are made.  The editor has written a comprehensive and extensive introductory chapter of 142 pages entitled Panoramic View, encompassing nearly the whole range of subject matter of the book. This chapter contains some significant and enlightened reflections. For example, in discussing deviant sex practices, often actually referred to legally
Nebulizer Bronchitis Induced by Bacteriostatic Saline
Authors: Ronald D. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I wish to report a complication of hand-held nebulizer therapy. Inappropriate selection of bronchodilator diluent may cause bronchitis and hemoptysis. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 64-year-old nonsmoking man has moderately severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of 5 years' duration and is maintained on a regimen of oral theophylline, metered-dose inhaled albuterol and triamcinolone, hydrochlorothiazide for cor pulmonale, and oxygen (as required) for dyspnea. He benefits from use of a home, hand-held albuterol nebulizer during periods of worsening dyspnea. On three separate occasions, he has had episodes of significant hemoptysis. Complete evaluation during the first two of these episodes revealed only an unexpectedly severe bronchitis seen at bronchoscopy. During his most recent episode, his wife noted that the only time he had hemoptysis was after he had used his hand-held nebulizer four times a day for at least a week and a half. Close questioning about technique
Effectiveness of Inpatient Follow-up Care
Authors: Robert H. Brook, Francis A. Appel, Charles Avery, Morton Orman, Robert L. Stevenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract The course of 403 patients discharged consecutively from the medical service of a teaching hospital was studied to determine their medical care after hospitalization and to evaluate its effectiveness. Data were obtained from review of available charts and interviews six months after discharge of 341 of the 363 patients then alive. Of the 403 patients 30 per cent received medical care rated inadequate. Process data indicated frequent use of independent physician services without communication of hospital records. Outcome data indicated that 46 per cent of the patients experienced decreased functional capacity. Forty patients had died; of those alive and interviewed, 27 per cent experienced no change or an increase in symptoms, 37 per cent experienced a decrease in ability to perform their major activity, and 30 per cent had impaired ambulatory function. For 39 patients, decreased quality of outcome was judged to be due to inadequate medical care.
Dealing With Conflict in Caring for the Seriously Ill
Authors: Anthony L. Back, Robert M. Arnold
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Physicians often assume that conflict is undesirable and destructive, yet conflict handled well can be productive, and the clarity that results can lead to clearer decision making and greater family, patient, and clinician satisfaction. We review the course of Mrs B, an 84-year-old woman with advanced dementia and an advance directive stating no artificial hydration or nutrition. Over the course of her illness, her family and physicians had conflicting opinions about the use of short-term tube feeding and intravenous hydration in her care. We describe the conflicts that arose between her physicians and family and a typology of conflicts common in care of patients who are seriously ill (family vs team, team member vs team member). Drawing from the business, psychology, and mediation literature, we describe useful communication tools and common pitfalls. We outline a step-wise approach that physicians can use to deal with conflicts and the use of treatment trials as a strategy to address conflicts about the use of life-sustaining medical interventions.