tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sympathetically induced myocardial ischaemia causes the heart to release plasma kinin
Authors: T. MATSUKI, T. SHOJI, S. YOSHIDA, Y. KUDOH, M. MOTOE, M. INOUE, T. NAKATA, S. HOSODA, K. SHIMAMOTO, D. YELLON, O. IIMURA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

A recently developed highly sensitive radioimmunoassay method for detecting plasma kinin was used to re-evaluate the results of previous studies, in which plasma kinin had been measured with a bioassay method. To clarify the mechanism of plasma kinin release in global myocardial ischaemia the left main coronary artery was cannulated using a Griggs type autoperfusing cannula after pentobarbital anaesthesia in open chest dogs. The animals were divided into a non-coronary constricted group (n = 4) and a moderately coronary constricted group (n = 7). Cardiac sympathetic nerve stimulation (10 V, 4 Hz, 2 ms duration) was given to both groups. Haemodynamic recordings and blood samples were taken before and after coronary constriction as well as after sympathetic nerve stimulation. The arterial and coronary sinus plasma kinin concentrations were determined with the new radioimmunoassay method. After sympathetic nerve stimulation apparent myocardial ischaemia occurred and the plasma kinin concentration in coronary sinus blood increased significantly in the constricted group. In the non-constricted group, however, myocardial ischaemia did not appear and no significant change in coronary sinus plasma kinin concentrations was seen. These findings show that there was a pronounced release of plasma kinin from the heart when apparent myocardial ischaemia occurred.
Psychosis with Oral Doses of Propranolol
Authors: IRVING H. GOMOLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 September 1979Psychosis with Oral Doses of PropranololIRVING H. GOMOLIN, M.D.IRVING H. GOMOLIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-3-496_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gershon and associates' brief report of propranolol inducing psychosis at ordinary doses (1) is timely since new indications for its use (hypertension, migraine) have been approved. Several points, however, deserve comment.The authors state that toxic psychosis generally occurs with high doses. This statement is somewhat misleading since this effect may be related more to the rate of increase rather than to the total daily dose (2) and may have been the cause for the psychosis in their patient. In addition, the two thyrotoxic patients described in the literature who developed psychosis did so at ordinary doses,...References1. GERSHONGOLDSTEINMossVAN KAMMEN ERAD. Psychosis with ordinary doses of propranolol. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:938-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. YORKSTONZAKIMALIKMORRISONHARVARD NSMRC. Propranolol in the control of schizophrenic symptoms. Br Med J 1974;4:633-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. VOLTOLINATHOMPSONTISUE ESJ. Acute organic brain syndrome with propranolol. Clin Toxicol. 1971;4:357-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. GREENBLATTKOCH-WESER DJ. Adverse reactions to propranolol in hospitalized medical patients: report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Am Heart J. 1973;86:478-84. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. RUBENFELDSILVERMANWELCHMALLETTEKOHLER SVKLP. Variable plasma propranolol levels in thyrotoxicosis. N Engl J Med. 1979;300:353-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Beth Israel Hospital Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAntianginal and beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs 1 September 1979Volume 91, Issue 3Page: 496-496KeywordsHypertensionMigraine Issue Published: 1 September 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Detection of the minus strand of hepatitis C virus RNA by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction: Implications for hepatitis C virus replication in infected tissue
Authors: Tetsuo Takehara, Norio Hayashi, Eiji Mita, Hideki Hagiwara, Keiji Ueda, Kazuhiro Katayama, Akinori Kasahara, Hideyuki Fusamoto, Takenobu Kamada
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

The combination of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction is a very powerful tool for the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in sera of patients with hepatitis C virus infection. However, when studying the presence of this virus in tissue using polymerase chain reaction, it may be difficult to distinguish between blood viral particles adhering to the tissue and viral RNA contained within the tissue. Because hepatitis C virus has a single-stranded RNA of positive polarity, a minus-strand RNA is expected to be found in hepatitis C virus-replicating tissues as a template for the synthesis of genomic RNA. To see whether the detection of the minus strand of hepatitis C virus RNA by polymerase chain reaction can be used for the determination of hepatitis C virus-replicating tissues, we examined the presence of the minus strand of hepatitis C virus RNA in the plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver specimens of patients with hepatitis C virus infection. The plus-strand RNA was detected in the plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the liver specimens, but the minus-strand RNA was only detected in the liver. These results suggest that hepatitis C virus replicates in the liver but not in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This detection method for the minus strand of hepatitis C virus RNA should be useful for determining hepatitis C virus replication in tissues other than liver tissue. (Hepatology 1992;15:387-390).
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of SpBMP5-7, a new member of the TGF-beta superfamily expressed in sea urchin embryos
Authors: M. R. Ponce, J. L. Micol, K. J. Peterson, E. H. Davidson
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1999)

TGF-beta ligands are probably pan-bilaterian in phylogenetic distribution. The family appears to have diversified greatly with the evolution of the vertebrates, but only a few invertebrate deuterostome TGF-beta molecules have so far been isolated. A search for members of this family expressed in sea urchin embryos, using canonical PCR primers, revealed a single-copy gene encoding a new TGF-beta protein. The sequence which it encodes is closely related to those of vertebrate bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) 5-7. No additional TGF-beta family members were uncovered other than univin, which had previously been reported.
ABC of blood pressure measurements.
Authors: L A Mercurius-Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1979)

article (29 September, p 751)-never "give a moment's thought to its precise definition" are perhaps wiser than they know.Disease is one of those words best not defined.The same is true of health.What could be more fatuous than the famous definition of health made years ago by the World Health Organisation: "Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity"?
TCT-334 Model-Based Determination of Fractional Flow Reserve Based on Coronary Angiography – Initial Validation by Invasively Measured FFR
Authors: Christian Schlundt, Thomas Redel, Michael Scheuering, David Groke, Klaus Klingenbeck, Lucian Itu, Puneet Sharma, Ali Kamen, Dorin Comaniciu, Stephan Achenbach
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Doctor's Orders
Authors: Lynn M. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Professor Robert Veatch's 1 editorial on doctor's orders contains several questionable assumptions about the nature of medical practice and language use. His first sentence talks about the evolution of more  and  care, which implies that, thus far, care has not been responsive and humane or, at least, has not been as  and  as it should have been. This unwarranted implication strikes at the core of what physicians have thought of themselves as doing for centuries: providing  and   Certainly, medical care in the past, just as in the present or future, can be criticized for failing to meet its ideals. However, the do not resuscitate order by itself is unlikely to make medical care more  and humane. Rather, we need to understand what it means to give responsive and  care. Understanding the reasons and attitudes that determine what is
Lysosomal enzyme phosphorylation in human fibroblasts. Kinetic parameters offer a biochemical rationale for two distinct defects in the uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme precursor N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase.
Authors: L Lang, T Takahashi, J Tang, S Kornfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The primary genetic defect in the lysosomal storage disease mucolipidosis III (ML III) is in the enzyme uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase. This enzyme has two well-defined functions: specific recognition of lysosomal enzymes (recognition function) and phosphorylation of their oligosaccharides (catalytic function). Using fibroblasts from patients with ML III as the source of enzyme, and alpha-methylmannoside and two lysosomal enzymes as the substrates, we have identified defects in both of these functions. In one group of fibroblasts, the catalytic activity of the N-acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase is decreased while the ability to recognize lysosomal enzymes as specific substrates remains intact. In the second group of fibroblasts, the ability to recognize lysosomal enzymes is impaired while the catalytic activity of the enzyme is normal. These data provide a biochemical rationale for the previously described genetic heterogeneity among patients with ML III (Honey, N. K., O. T. Mueller, L. E. Little, A. L. Miller, and T. B. Shows, 1982, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 79:7420-7424).
Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in an Unusual Case of Solid-Pseudopapillary Pancreatic Tumor in Childhood With Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Giorgio Treglia, Nicoletta Caporale, Vittoria Rufini, Francesco Callea, Franco Locatelli, Alessandro Giordano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We report an unusual case of a solid-pseudopapillary pancreatic tumor (SPPT) with aggressive behavior that occurred in a 16-year-old male patient. 18F fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT showed increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in a solid mass of the body of the pancreas, in several liver lesions, and in multiple peritoneal implants, corresponding to an SPPT with liver and peritoneal metastases, respectively. Based on PET/CT findings, the patient was referred to chemotherapy. In this unusual case of pediatric SPPT with aggressive behavior, 18F fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT has been useful in staging the disease and in treatment planning.
Pulmonary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy, Spider Angiomata, and Estrogen Hyperexcretion in Neoplasia
Authors: JOHN Y. JAO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Urinary estrogen and gonadotrophin were measured in four cases of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with intrathoracic neoplasm. Two of these patients had florid manifestation of spider angiomatosis at a time when liver function tests were normal. Total urinary estrogen, taken as the sum of estrone, estradiol-17β, and estriol, was elevated in all cases. In the two cases where spider angiomata were present estrone and estradiol were also elevated. Gonadotrophin values were not significantly elevated in these cases. In one case removal of the primary lung tumor was followed by rapid disappearance of spider angiomata and systemic symptoms such as fever and lethargy of profound degree.
P18 Community Acquired Pneumonia: Is Medical Assessment Unit Safe After Hours?
Authors: A Khanna, P Sierra Perez, H Moxon, ML Billington, R Berg Derby
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Early radiological diagnosis is an important quality of care indicator in community acquired pneumonia (CAP), with evidence for negative impact of time to X-ray (TXR) &gt;4 hours on length of stay and time to antibiotic administration<sup>1</sup>. Despite growing concern about impact of out-of-hours admission on outcomes in a variety of acute medical conditions, there is little information on impact of time of day on processes of care in CAP in the UK. We analysed impact on TXR of out-of-hour's admission via Emergency department (ED) versus Medical assessment unit (MAU) in a 1000 bed teaching hospital. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective review of 300 consecutive adult admissions with radiologically confirmed CAP within a 3-month period. Data included point of entry to hospital, in-hours (08h00–16h00) versus out-of-hours admission, urgency of request, and time taken to order and perform CXR. <h3>Results</h3> 210 patients (70%) were admitted via ED and 90 (30%) via MAU. Average TXR (TXR-Ave) overall was 3.20hrs and 80% had TXR &lt; 4 hours. 72% of ED's CXR requests were urgent vs. 56% in MAU (p=0.3). Daytime TXR-Ave in ED was significantly shorter than MAU (2.20 hrs vs. 3.30 hrs; p=0.0003). TXR-Ave in ED was 2.30 hours overall and was not significantly affected by admission out of hours. In contrast, after-hours admission via MAU was associated with significantly increased TXR-Ave (6.20hrs out-of- hours vs. 3.30 hrs in-hours; p=0.0001), and TXR &gt; 4 hours (58% vs. 25%; p=0.0025). Time from request to performance of CXR was not significantly different in vs. out-of- hours, however average time from admission to requesting CXR in MAU was significantly longer out of hours vs. in-hours (4.57hrs vs. 2.03 hrs; p=0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> After- hours admission via MAU is associated with a significant increase in diagnostic delay in patients with CAP, largely attributable to delayed CXR requests. This may reflect delayed clerking due to reduced staffing after hours. Organisational and staffing factors associated with 4 hour ED trolley wait pressure may account for swifter and more consistent processes of care in ED. Further studies are required. <h3>Reference</h3> Bewick T <i>et al</i>; Clin Med. 2010 Dec; 10(6):563–7.
Effect of Nitrous Oxide on the White-Cell Count in Leukemia
Authors: D. W. Eastwood, C. D. Green, M. A. Lambdin, Richard Gardner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

TOXICITY from nitrous oxide has been assumed to be entirely the effect of associated reduction of oxygen tension. Goldman,1 in 1928, reported the intermittent administration of nitrous oxide to rats and mice during a two-month study. He observed no deleterious effects. The first indication that nitrous oxide might have a toxic effect to man came in 1955, when Gormsen2 presented the results of treatment of a case of tetanus in which nitrous oxide was used along with chlorpromazine and curare. The thrombocytopenia and leukopenia occurring on the fifth day of treatment were attributed to curare.Mollaret,3 in the same year, . . .
44. Development of AAV-Mediated Gene Therapy for Murine Models of Genetic Diseases Affecting the Heart
Authors: Christina A. Pacak, Cathryn Mah, Gabriel Gaidosh, Melissa Lewis, Raquel Torres, Kevin Campbell, Glenn A. Walter, Barry J. Byrne
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The long term goal of this project is to develop a clinically relevant gene therapy approach for the treatment of genetic diseases affecting the heart. Due to its small size, safety and proven ability to persist for long periods of time in muscle, adeno-associated virus (AAV) has emerged as a promising cardiac gene delivery vehicle. We have sought to determine the most advantageous combination AAV serotype and vector delivery route for the transduction of cardiomyocytes in vivo. Both intra-venous (iv) and intra-cardiac (ic) injection routes were compared by injecting 1|[times]|1011 and 5|[times]|1010 (respectively) vector particles of AAV-CMV-LacZ per mouse neonate of 3 different serotypes AAV1, AAV8 and AAV9. Tissue analysis included both x-gal staining on tissue sections to visualize expression and the quantitative |[beta]|-galactosidase enzyme detection assay. Our results show that iv administration of AAV9 results in 30-fold more efficient transduction of cardiac tissue than AAV1. Moreover, hearts injected with AAV9 displayed a global distribution of transgene expression suggesting this serotype has no transduction site preference within cardiac tissue. 2 murine models for cardiac dysfunction; the alpha-sarcoglycan (asg-/-) knockout model for Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 2D (LGMD-2D) and the acid-alpha glucosidase (gaa-/-) knockout model for Pompe Disease are currently being characterized functionally and morphologically using both non-invasive MRI and histological techniques. LGMD-2D is the result of mutations in the alpha sarcoglycan (ASG) gene. This model displays the development of dystrophic lesions in cardiac and skeletal muscle. We have developed a non-invasive assay using MRI that enables us to locate and measure the random development of lesions within the muscles of asg-/- mice. We have demonstrated functional correction and prevention of disease progression in skeletal muscles injected with AAV-ASG. Studies are currently underway to demonstrate the same effect in cardiac tissue. The cells of the gaa-/- mouse contain lysosomes enlarged with glycogen due to a GAA enzyme deficiency. Previously, our lab has demonstrated that delivery of the human GAA gene to the skeletal muscle of this model is therapeutically beneficial. To evaluate gene delivery to the cardiac tissue of this model we are currently characterizing the cardiac phenotype of disease and assessing our ability to prevent disease presentation following optimized delivery of the human GAA gene. In conclusion, our maker-gene study has established that iv delivery using AAV9 is the most clinically advantageous combination of AAV serotype and delivery route for the transduction of cardiac tissue in vivo. We are now in the process of using this delivery method to demonstrate disease correction in two mouse models of cardiomyopathy.
Television and the Doctor
Authors: Henry K. Beecher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Television's attention to the doctor is today unquestionably sounder than it was. The national coverage of the physician's dramatized activities is extensive in such programs as "Marcus Welby, M.D.," "Medical Center" and "The Bold Ones." The improvement is doubtless owing in part to the networks' use of medical consultants, singly or in groups. For example, there is the Physician's Advisory Committee composed of 13 doctors in Los Angeles and four in New York. A former chairman of this group says, "... the committee has been able to ensure that a great portion of the material is scientifically accurate." (One wonders . . .
Inhibition of Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis Improves Cardiac Function and Abolishes Mortality in the Peripartum Cardiomyopathy of Gαq Transgenic Mice
Authors: Yukihiro Hayakawa, Madhulika Chandra, Wenfeng Miao, Jamshid Shirani, Joan Heller Brown, Gerald W. Dorn, Robert C. Armstrong, Richard N. Kitsis
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Although the occurrence of cardiac myocyte apoptosis during heart failure has been documented, its importance in pathogenesis is unknown. Transgenic mice with cardiac-restricted overexpression of Gαq exhibit a lethal, peripartum cardiomyopathy accompanied by apoptosis. To test whether apoptosis is causally linked to heart failure, we assessed whether inhibiting this cell death would improve left ventricular function and survival in the Gαq peripartum cardiomyopathy model. Methods and Results— The potent polycaspase inhibitor IDN-1965 or vehicle was administered subcutaneously to Gαq mice by osmotic minipump beginning on day 12 of pregnancy and continuing through euthanasia at day 14 postpartum. As expected, IDN-1965 markedly suppressed cardiac caspase-3–like activity (86.5%; P &lt;0.01), accompanied by reduction in the frequency of cardiac myocyte apoptosis from 1.9±0.3% to 0.2±0.1% ( P &lt;0.01). Animals receiving IDN-1965 exhibited significant improvements in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (vehicle, 4.7±0.1 mm; IDN-1965, 4.2±0.1 mm; P &lt;0.01), fractional shortening (vehicle, 30.7±1.2%; IDN-1965, 38.9±1.0%; P &lt;0.01), positive (vehicle, 3972±412; IDN-1965, 5870±295; P &lt;0.01) and negative (vehicle, 2365±213; IDN-1965, 3413±201; P &lt;0.01) dP/dt, and complete suppression of mortality (vehicle, 6 of 20 died; IDN-1965, 0 of 14 died; P &lt;0.05). Conclusions— Reduction in cardiac myocyte apoptosis by caspase inhibition improved left ventricular function and survival in pregnant Gαq mice. These data indicate that cardiac myocyte apoptosis plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy in this model. Caspase inhibition may provide a novel therapeutic target for heart failure.
Atypical infectious mononucleosis with bone marrow granulomas and pancytopenia.
Authors: M F Martin
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Myokymia, not myotoniaWe wish to make a preliminary report of a case of myokymia with sustained muscular contraction and continuous motor unit activity at rest.We do so for two reasons.It is a new case in a very rare group of disorders.It is also essential to distinguish this type of disorder from the myotonias. Case reportIn June 1976 a 26-year-old man was admitted for investigation.He had enjoyed perfect health until 1971, when he experienced increased difficulty in playing the guitar.His manual dexterity deteriorated further while -he was in Nigeria, where myotonia was diagnosed.He contracted infective hepatitis and returned to London in 1973.He now had great difficulty in relaxing his limb and facial muscles, but within 24 hours of treatment with carbamazepine felt almost total relief from these symptoms.In 1974 he was told he probably had dystrophia myotonica.By this time, within six hours of omitting a dose of carbamazepine, he experienced difficulty with breathing, walking, and speaking, and had to perform any movement several times before losing the sensation of stiffness.He had never experienced weakness, painful cramps, or sensory symptoms.There was no family history of a similar disorder, but, his wife being pregnant, he was worried by the genetic implications of his condition.He was a fit man of normal build, posture, and muscle bulk.There was no sign of hyperthyroidism, no frontal balding, and his-genitalia were normal.No excessive sweating was noted.Examined while._hewas taking carba- mazepine, 200 mg twice daily, muscle power and tendon reflexes in the limbs were normal, but tone in all limbs was uniformly increased.There was a continuous, undulating movement in his muscles, especially the deltoids, quadriceps femoris, and the tongue.Within a few hours of discontinuing a c Surface recorded EMG from 1st dorsal interos- seous muscle of right hand with variable spon- taneous activity.(a) Large unit potentials observed firing irregularly.Activity is of peripheral origin because: (b) maximal stimulation of ulnar nerve caused no silent period, and (c) bupivacaine block of the ulnar nerve, reducing voluntary power by 75 %, showed no effect.Calibrations: 500 ,tV and 25 ms.
Hallucinations and antipsychotics: The role of the 5-HT2A receptor
Authors: Andrew James Goudie, Jonathan Charles Cole
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Behrendt &amp; Young's (B&amp;Y's) novel “unifying model” of hallucinations, although comprehensive, fails to incorporate research into the possible role of 5-HT2A receptors in the mode of action of novel “atypical” antipsychotic drugs (which treat hallucinations effectively), and into the role of such receptors, which are located in thalamocortical circuits, in mediating drug-induced hallucinations.