tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Hypertrophy on Regional Action Potential Characteristics in the Rat Left Ventricle
Authors: S. Jane Shipsey, Simon M. Bryant, George Hart
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background In cardiac hypertrophy, ECG T-wave changes imply an abnormal sequence of ventricular repolarization. We investigated the hypothesis that this is due to changes in the normal regional differences in action potential duration. We assessed the contribution of potassium- and calcium-dependent currents to these differences. Both the altered sequence of ventricular repolarization and the underlying cellular mechanisms may contribute to the increased incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophy. Methods and Results Rats received daily isoproterenol injections for 7 days. Myocytes were isolated from basal subendocardial (endo), basal midmyocardial (mid), and apical subepicardial (epi) regions of the left ventricular free wall. Action potentials were stimulated with patch pipettes at 37°C. The ratio of heart weight to body weight and mean cell capacitance are increased by 22% and 18%, respectively, in hypertrophy compared with controls ( P &lt;.001). Normal regional differences in action potential duration at 25% repolarization (APD 25 ) are reduced in hypertrophy (control: endo, 11.4±0.9 ms; mid, 8.2±0.9 ms; epi, 5.1±0.4 ms; hypertrophy: endo, 11.6±0.9 ms; mid, 10.4±0.8 ms; epi, 7.8±0.6 ms). The regional differences in APD 25 are still present in 3 mmol/L 4-aminopyridine. Hypertrophy affects APD 75 differently, depending on the region of origin of myocytes (ANOVA P &lt;.05). APD 75 is shortened in subendocardial myocytes but is prolonged in subepicardial myocytes (control: endo, 126±7 ms; epi, 96±10 ms; hypertrophy: endo, 91±6 ms; epi, 108±7 ms). These changes in APD 75 are altered by intracellular calcium buffering. Conclusions Normal regional differences in APD and the changes observed in hypertrophy are only partially explained by differences in I to1 . In hypertrophy, the normal endocardial/epicardial gradient in APD 75 appears to be reversed. This may explain the T-wave inversion observed and will have implications for arrhythmogenesis.
Letter: Amitriptyline and imipramine poisoning in children.
Authors: H Matthew
Journal: BMJ (1974)

natal bed rest may actually have a deleterious effect upon fetal growth and well-being and that until this basic problem is settled it is not possible to say whether the better results obtained by Dr. Varma and Professor Curzen in their decompressed patients are more likely to have been effected by the dcompression itself or by the lesser amount of enforced bed rest to which they were subjected.-Iam, etc.,
A New, Effective Shampoo Treatment in Seborrhea capitis
Authors: Edmund F. Finnerty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

SEBORRHEA capitis, especially the dandruff or "sicca" type, is believed to affect almost everyone, in some degree, through a good part of adulthood. Since the condition is not disabling only the severe cases come to the attention of the physician. However, it has been reported,1 , 2 that 25 per cent of all dermatologce patients seen in private practice suffer with seborrheic disturbances, seborrhea capitis and acne vulgaris being by far the most common. Dandruff, seborrhea oleosa and seborrheic dermatitis are therefore of at least quantitative importance to the physician.Treatment of seborrhea capitis should be not only effective but also simple, . . .
IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF THE COXSACKIE VIRUSES
Authors: Lisbeth M. Kraft, Joseph L. Melnick
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1950)

The preparation of complement-fixing antigens for the Coxsackie group of viruses (C virus) is described. This includes the manufacture of crude antigens, their subsequent treatment with protamine sulfate to remove non-specific interfering substances, and their concentration by ultracentrifugation. The plate complement fixation technique of Fulton and Dumbell is described in detail as it has been used for the Coxsackie viruses. Seven strains of C virus have been cross-tested in the plate complement fixation test and have been found to belong to six immunologically distinct types. The temporal pattern of complement-fixing antibodies in human beings infected with two types, Ohio-1 and Easton-2, respectively, has been studied. In the former the antibodies rise to a peak rather late in convalescence (3rd month) and in the latter, complement-fixing antibodies are already present at high levels in the acute phase serum. The problems of serodiagnosis are briefly discussed.
Multiphasic Health Testing-Reply
Authors: David J. Lehman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> On May 19, 1977, the governor of Florida signed into law Committee Substitute for House Bill 371, which places into the statute books the necessary regulations and licensing procedures for multiphasic health testing centers. My constituents wanted these centers kept open; therefore, it became necessary to enact legislation to insure the safe and effective operation of these centers. This new law provides for a medical director, who is a licensed Florida physician qualified to interpret ECGs, to interpret the results of the tests. All advertisements, reports, and pamphlets must contain the following disclaimer: "Health screening tests may or may not alert you and your doctor to serious medical problems and are not intended as a substitute for a physician's examination." Blood samples are forwarded from the center to a licensed clinical laboratory under the name of the medical director, and reports are returned to him for interpretation. Many
NHS to take over responsibility for prison health services next April
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Prison health experts have welcomed the first step in a move that will see the NHS take over responsibility for prison health services.

The Home Office has announced that from next April the Department of Health will fund prison health services and that over the next five years primary care trusts will take on the responsibility for the commissioning and provision of health services in prisons.

In addition to the funding currently used by the prison service to provide health care for prisoners, the Department of Health will, over the next three years, allocate further resources to improve these services, rising to around an extra £46m ($72m; £73m) a year by 2005-06.

Prison minister, Hilary Benn, said: “Improving …
Stromelysin-3 expression promotes tumor take in nude mice.
Authors: A C Nöel, O Lefebvre, E Maquoi, L VanHoorde, M P Chenard, M Mareel, J M Foidart, P Basset, M C Rio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Stromelysin-3 (ST3) is a matrix metalloproteinase expressed in human carcinomas in ways suggesting that it may play a role in tumor progression. To test this possibility, we have performed gene transfer experiments using both anti-sense and sense ST3 expression vectors, and malignant cells either expressing (NIH 3T3 fibroblasts) or not (MCF7 epithelial cells) endogenous ST3. We have compared the ability of parental and transfected cells to cause subcutaneous tumor development in nude mice. 3T3 cells expressing anti-sense ST3 RNA showed reduced tumorigenicity, and MCF7 cells expressing mouse or human ST3 were associated with reduced tumor-free period leading to a significant increased tumor incidence(P<10(-4)). However, once established, the ST3 expressing tumors did not grow faster than those obtained with the parental MCF7 cell line. In addition, tumors obtained after sub-cutaneous injection of ST3-expressing or nonexpressing cells did not exhibit obvious histological differences, and careful examination did not reveal any local invasive tissue areas nor systemic metastases. These in vivo observations were in agreement with those obtained in vitro showing that ST3 expression did not modify proliferative nor invasive properties of transfected cells. Altogether, these results indicate that ST3 expression promotes tumor take in nude mice, presumably by favoring cancer cell survival in a tissue environment initially not permissive for tumor growth. These findings represent the first experimental evidence showing that ST3 can modulate cancer progression.
Temporal Onset, Risk Factors, and Outcomes Associated With Stroke After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Khaldoun G. Tarakji, Joseph F. Sabik, Sunil K. Bhudia, Lillian H. Batizy, Eugene H. Blackstone
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Stroke is a devastating and potentially preventable complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Better understanding of the timing and risk factors for stroke associated with CABG are needed.To investigate temporal trends in stroke after CABG and to identify stroke risk factors and association with longitudinal outcomes.Prospective study conducted from 1982 through 2009 at a single US academic medical center among 45,432 consecutive patients (mean age, 63 [SD, 10] years) undergoing isolated primary or reoperative CABG surgery. Strokes occurring following CABG were recorded prospectively and classified as having occurred intraoperatively or postoperatively. Complications and survival after stroke were assessed in propensity-matched groups.CABG performed using 4 different operative strategies (off-pump, on-pump with beating heart, on-pump with arrested heart, on-pump with hypothermic circulatory arrest).Hospital complications; late survival.Among 45,432 patients undergoing CABG surgery, 705 (1.6% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.4%-1.7%]) experienced a stroke. The prevalence of stroke peaked in 1988 at 2.6% (95% CI, 1.9%-3.4%), then declined at 4.69% (95% CI, 4.68%-4.70%) per year (P = .04), despite increasing patient comorbidity. Overall, 279 strokes (40%) occurred intraoperatively and 409 (58%) occurred postoperatively (timing indeterminate in 17 patients). Postoperative stroke peaked at 40 hours, decreasing to 0.055%/d (95% CI, 0.047%-0.065%) by day 6. Risk factors for both intraoperative and postoperative stroke included older age (odds ratio, 8.5 [95% CI, 3.2-22]) and variables representing arteriosclerotic burden. Intraoperative stroke rates were lowest in off-pump CABG (0.14% [95% CI, 0.029%-0.40%]) and on-pump beating-heart CABG (0% [95% CI, 0%-1.6%]), intermediate with on-pump arrested-heart CABG (0.50% [95% CI, 0.41%-0.61%]), and highest with on-pump CABG with hypothermic circulatory arrest (5.3% [95% CI, 2.0%-11%]). Patients with stroke had worse adjusted hospital outcomes, longer intensive care and postoperative stays, and worse downstream survival (mean, 11 [SD, 8.6] years).Among patients undergoing CABG surgery at a single center over the past 30 years, the occurrence of stroke declined despite an increasing patient risk profile, and more than half of strokes occurred postoperatively rather than intraoperatively.
Osteogenic Sarcoma with Pulmonary Metastasis Visualized by Bone Imaging
Authors: MICHAEL G. VELCHIK, WILLIAM WEGENER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Extraosseous soft tissue metastases from osteosarcoma occasionally accumulate Tc-99m MDP. The authors present a case of osteogenic sarcoma of the femur with a pulmonary metastasis detected by bone imaging with radiographic correlation including CT and magnetic resonance imaging. The implication of the detection of osseous and extraosseous metastasis in these patients by bone imaging is discussed. The changing role of bone imaging in the initial workup and follow-up of patients with osteogenic sarcoma is reviewed in light of the change in course and prognosis of the disease as a result of recent advances in adjuvant chemotherapy.
Tolerated reciprocity, reciprocal scrounging, and unrelated kin: Making sense of multiple models
Authors: Michael Gurven
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Four models commonly employed in sharing analyses (reciprocal altruism [RA], tolerated scrounging [TS], costly signaling [CS], and kin selection [KS]) have common features which render rigorous testing of unique predictions difficult. Relaxed versions of these models are discussed in an attempt to understand how the underlying principles of delayed returns, avoiding costs, building reputation, and aiding biological kin interact in systems of sharing. Special attention is given to the interpretation of contingency measures that critically define some form of reciprocal altruism.
Comparison of Outcomes in Studies of Advanced Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Peter W.M. Johnson, John A. Radford, Michael H. Cullen, Matthew R. Sydes, Sally P. Stenning, Barry W. Hancock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

We were interested to read the editorial by Dr Carde1, which referred to our article2 that reported the results of the United Kingdom Lymphoma Group LY09 study in advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma. The editorial may have given the impression that our study was a randomized comparison of three regimens, which is not the case. A standard arm of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) was used, and investigators elected in advance whether to randomize against the alternating or hybrid regimen. Thus, it is not legitimate to make direct comparison of the two multidrug arms. It is also difficult to compare the overall results in this study to the Italian trial reported in the same issue by Gobbi et al3, which included a more favorable group of patients among whom only 11% of patients were in International Prognostic Score group 4 to 7, compared with 19% in the UK study. The measure of 65% progression-free survival at 5 years cited by Dr Carde refers only to patients in stages III/IV, whereas for the UK study as a whole the figure is 73%. The interpretation of information regarding the use of radiotherapy in the two parallel randomizations is problematic. Dr Carde suggests that a comparison can be made between the two standard ABVD groups, with the more frequent use of eight cycles in the centers randomizing against alternating treatment apparently giving marginally better freedom from progression results than those seen in the hybrid randomization, where it was more common to use six cycles followed by radiotherapy. Such data must be interpreted with caution, especially because the patients in the hybrid randomization were more likely to have bulky mediastinal disease and systemic symptoms, suggesting a worse prognostic group. We contend that such an effect may be due to patient selection rather than the use of radiotherapy or fewer cycles of ABVD. Finally, Dr Carde has made a provocative analysis of the data, correlating freedom from progression with intended, rather than actual doses delivered. This may be helpful in terms of generating hypotheses to be tested in future studies but does not necessarily explain observed outcomes in the LY09 trial.
AN UNUSUAL FRACTURE OF THE ELBOW
Authors: Harold Swanberg
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Recently an unusual fracture of the elbow came under my observation: E. B., a man, aged 42, a machinist, was referred to me by Dr. F. T. Brenner of Quincy for a roentgenographic examination of the right elbow. The clinical diagnosis was a possible fracture of the head of the radius. The patient had always enjoyed good health. There had been no previous trauma; both the elbows were perfectly normal in every way before the present injury, and there was no history of rheumatism or neuritis. While working on a boring mill he was tightening a bolt with a wrench, when the wrench suddenly slipped while he was pushing on it with great strength. As a result, his arm was forcibly extended, which extension was immediately followed by marked pain in the elbow. On examination, there was marked tenderness anteriorly over the distal extremity of the humerus, but no other
Amiodarone and Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Nademanee Koonlawee, Bramah N. Singh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1983Amiodarone and Ventricular TachycardiaNADEMANEE KOONLAWEE, M.D., BRAMAH N. SINGH, M.D.NADEMANEE KOONLAWEE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, BRAMAH N. SINGH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-1-110_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the report by Westveer and associates (1) of amiodarone-induced ventricular tachycardia 5 days after the start of therapy. Aggravation of ventricular tachyarrhythmias by class I antiarrhythmic compounds is not uncommon, but the electrophysiologic effects of amiodarone are somewhat different. The worsening of ventricular tachyarrhythmias is rare despite the fact that the QTc interval invariably lengthens as part of the beneficial drug action during chronic amiodarone therapy. Amiodarone may aggravate arrhythmias, but when this appears to be the case, one must determine whether the unexpected arrhythmia resulted from primary drug action (excessive dose or...References1. WESTVEER D, GADOWSKIGA G, GORDON S, and TIMMIS D. Amiodarone-induced ventricular tachycardia. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:561-2. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KANNAN R, NADEMANEE K, HENDRICKSON J, ROSTAMI H, and SINGH B. Amiodarone kinetics after oral doses. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1982;31:438-44. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. NADEMANEE K, KANNAN R, HENDRICKSON J, BURNAM M, KAY I, and SINGH B. Amiodarone digoxin interaction during treatment of resistant cardiac arrhythmias [Abstract]. Am J Cardiol. 1982;49:1026. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. MCCOMB J, LOGAN K, KHAN M, GEDDES J, and ADGEY A. Amiodarone-induced ventricular fibrillation. Eur J Cardiol. 1980; 11:381-5. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. SAAL A, WERNER J, and GROSS B. Interaction of amiodarone with quinidine and procainamide [Abstract]. Circulation. 1982;66:224. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: NADEMANEE KOONLAWEE, M.D.; BRAMAH N. SINGH, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1983Volume 98, Issue 1 Page: 110-111 Keywords Arrhythmia Drug therapy Drugs Tachycardia Ventricular tachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Keats--the man, medicine and poetry.
Authors: None Evans
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The conception of this lecture is a gracious gesture, for no poet was ever so involved with medicine as John Keats.I would pay a tribute to the kindly interest which, even before the institution of this lecture, the medical profession has shown in Keats.When his apprenticeship was over he came to study in the joint medical school of the United Hospitals, as Guy's and the adjoining and older foundation of St. Thomas's
Percutaneous cholangiography in the management of biliary stricture.
Authors: J G Walker, W B Young, P George, S Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS The technique of percutaneous cholangiography using a polyethylene tube threaded on to a fine needle and removing the needle as soon as the liver is entered is described, with its advantages and results.Complications are reduced to a minimum if, when a dilated biliary tree is found, operation is carried out the same day, preferably within about two hours.The biliary tree was successfully outlined in 29 out of 39 instances in patients with strictures of the bile ducts.In none of these cases had the biliary tree been satisfactorily outlined by oral or intravenous cholangiography.PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT IN THE WARD The pro- thrombin time is checked and corrected, if necessary, by administration of vitamin K.The patient is tested for sensitivity to the contrast material.The abdominal skin is prepared in the ward and food and drink are withheld on the morning of the procedure.The patient is premedicated with pethidine 50 to 100 mg. and scopolamine 0 4 to 0-6 mg. 45minutes before the time of the x-ray examin- ation.Tetracycline cover is started the day before the examination and continued for five days.
Editorial
Authors: E. STANLEY CRAWFORD, MICHAEL E. DEBAKEY
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Popliteal Artery Arteriosclerotic Aneurysm pOPLITEAL ARTERY arteriosclerotic an- eurysms-if neglected or improperly treat- ed-eventually rupture, become thrombosed, or develop occluding peripheral arterial emboli, complications that may lead to arterial obstruction, gangrene, amputation, and even death in a high proportion of cases.
Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Pain Syndromes
Authors: Irwin M. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This book is one of the publisher's Contemporary Management Series, a collection dealing with patient care in a variety of medical conditions. Three titles of the series ( Ankylosing Spondylitis, Gout and Pseudogout, and Rheumatoid Arthritis ) devote themselves in some detail to material only cursorily presented here.  The editor and contributors are all rheumatologists or other medical or surgical specialists (or ancillary professionals) treating arthritis. Most are on the staff of the University of Southern Florida College of Medicine, Tampa. Unfortunately, the text offers nothing new and suffers from all the ills of multiple authorship. The writing is uneven and the chapter format irregular. Anatomy is emphasized under some headings, diagnosis in others, treatment in a few. Focus is lacking and nothing seems quite complete; for instance, the chapter on low back pain contains only three short paragraphs on therapy for both the acute and chronic syndromes. Chapter 1 on the
STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL NATURE OF THE SUBSTANCE INDUCING TRANSFORMATION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL TYPES
Authors: Maclyn McCarty, Oswald T. Avery
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1946)

1. An improved method is outlined for the isolation and purification of the pneumococcal transforming substance. This method makes use of the fact that citrate inhibits the destructive action of the enzyme, desoxyribonuclease, which is released together with the active material during lysis of the living bacterial cells. A fivefold greater yield of purified transforming agent is obtained by the present method than by the procedure previousiy described. 2. The specific transforming substance has been isolated from pneumococci of types II and VI, in addition to Type III. In each instance the biologically active material has been found to consist of desoxyribonucleic acid.
Technetium-99m Labeled Red Blood Cells in the Evaluation of Hemangiosarcoma
Authors: USHA A. JOSEPH, SATISH G. JHINGRAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Imaging with Tc-99m labeled red blood cells (RBC) is increasingly being used in the detection of acute gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in patients with intermittent bleeding. A patient is presented in whom the labeled RBC scan was helpful in the incidental discovery of a previously unsuspected probable angiosarcoma of the right femur and adjacent soft tissues of the right hip due to the “blood pool” or “blush effect” of the labeled cells. The labeled RBC scan also identified extravasation due to active gastrointestinal bleeding from a previously unknown angiosarcoma of the ascending colon. Thus, the Tc-99m labeled RBC scan was useful in simultaneously detecting extravasation and blood pool effect at two remote tumor sites in the same patient.