tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of L-carnitine and verapamil on myocardial carnitine concentration and histopathology of Syrian hamster BIO 14.6
Authors: T. YAMASHITA, A. KOBAYASHI, N. YAMAZAKI, K. MIURA, H. SHIMSAWA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

In order to investigate the effects of L-carnitine and verapamil on myocardial carnitine metabolism carnitine derivatives were measured and histopathology studied in the BIO 14.6 Syrian hamster. Cardiomyopathy hamsters at 20 days of life were divided into three groups, each given saline solution, L-carnitine, or verapamil. At 90 days of life the myocardial tissue concentrations of free carnitine, short chain acylcarnitine, and total carnitine in Syrian hamsters were significantly lower than those in normal hamsters of the same age. The myocardial tissue concentrations of free carnitine, short chain acylcarnitine, and total carnitine were significantly higher in the L-carnitine group than in the saline group, and the concentrations of free carnitine and total carnitine were significantly higher in the verapamil group than in the saline group. The percentage area of necrosis, fibrosis, and calcification in the L-carnitine and verapamil groups was significantly smaller than that in the saline group. These results suggest that lowered carnitine concentrations in the myocardium might play an important pathophysiological role in the genesis of the BIO 14.6 cardiomyopathic Syrian hamster and that L-carnitine and verapamil might be beneficial in the treatment of cardiomyopathic hamsters.
Interobserver and interquipment variability of echo-doppler examination of the portal vein: Effect of a cooperative training program
Authors: Carlo Sabbà, Carlo Merkel, Marco Zoli, Giovanna Ferraioli, Stefano Gaiani, David Sacerdoti, Luigi Bolondi
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The aim of this study was to assess the interobserver, interequipment, and time-dependent variabilities of echo-Doppler measurements of portral blood flow velocity (PBV), portal vein diameters (PVDs) and their derived parameters, portal blood flow (PBF), and congestion index (CI) in cirrhotic patients. The influence of a cooperative training program of the opeators on the reproductibility of the results was also investigated. The echo-Doppler parameters were independently measured in 15 patients by four skilled operators, using four echo-Doppler machines (Acuson, ATL, Hitachi-Esaote, Toshiba. Eight of the 15 patients were restudied after 15 days by the same operators using only one machine. Significantly different values of PBV, PBF, and CI were obtained. PBV variance was equipment-related (32%) and operator-related in a smaller portion (5%). No systemiatic effect related to the time of investigation was found. After training to define a precise protocol, new measurements were performed by four operators on 8 different patients. No significant differences were found among the operators for any of the parameters and the 95% confidence limits (CL) and coefficients of variation (CV) of PBV showed a marked decrease (CL from ±26.4% to ±15.6%). These results indicate that (1) a significant systematic vaiability exists between Doppler measurements with different equipment; (2) there is no significant time-dependent systematic variability of Doppler measurements; and (3) a cooperative training program reduces the interobserver variability for direct measurements, such as PBV. (Hepatology 1995;21:428-433.)
ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO MEASLES VIRUS IN SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPRALITIS
Authors: Pekka Halonen, Marja-Terttu Matikainen, Aimo Salmi, Terjo Vuorimaa, BarryR Ziola, W.R Kiessling, W.W Hall, V Ter Meulen
Journal: The Lancet (1977)
145 CLINICAL FEATURES OF AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS IN KOREAN PATIENTS; A NATIONWIDE, MULTICENTER STUDY
Authors: B.H. Kim, Y.J. Kim, S.-H. Jeong, W.Y. Tak, S.H. Ahn, Y.J. Lee, E.U. Jung, J.I. Lee, J.E. Yeon, J.S. Hwang, S.H. Um, Y.S. Seo, Y.S. Kim, B.C. Song, J.H. Kim, Y.K. Jung, T.H. Han, K.-A. Kim, H.J. Min, E.Y. Cho, E.S. Lee, S.Y. Kwon, H.B. Chae, D.J. Kim, S.R. Shin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Carbohydrates and Blood Pressure
Authors: ROBERT E. HODGES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

High blood pressure is recognized as a major risk factor for both coronary heart disease and stroke. The role of diet in the genesis of hypertension has been hotly disputed. Recently, sucrose was reported to augment the hypertensive effects of salt in experimental animals. A review of many reports suggests that not only carbohydrates but also proteins and fats can alter blood pressure. Whether salt retention is a cause of elevated blood pressure remains to be ascertained. We have shown recently that sucrose and glucose elevate blood pressure transiently, and sucrose and fructose cause different degrees of salt retention in humans who have been fasting.
Indium-111 labelled granulocyte scanning to detect inflammation in the lungs of patients with chronic sputum expectoration.
Authors: D C Currie, A M Peters, N D Garbett, P George, B Strickland, J P Lavender, P J Cole
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Thirty eight patients with chronic sputum expectoration underwent indium-111 labelled granulocyte lung scanning and measurement of whole body loss of indium-111 labelled granulocytes. Twenty four patients had radiologically proved bronchiectasis and 14 had mucus hypersecretion without radiological evidence of bronchiectasis. None was having an acute exacerbation at the time of the scan. The median 24 hour volume of sputum expectorated was 17 (range 2-175) ml. The 24 hour volume of purulent sputum was 5 (0-142) ml; six patients expectorated mucoid sputum only. Twenty one of the 38 patients had a positive granulocyte lung scan. All nine patients expectorating more than 20 ml purulent sputum in 24 hours had positive lung scans and all had lost more than 19% of the indium-111 from the body after five to seven days. Of the six patients with mucoid sputum, only one had a positive scan and these subjects lost only 6-11% of the indium-111 in five to seven days. The percentage loss of indium-111 from the body correlated with 24 hour purulent sputum volume (r = 0.41, n = 38, p less than 0.001) and total elastolytic activity in 24 hour sputum (r = 0.54, n = 14, p less than 0.01). The loss of indium-111 was not related to the extent of bronchiectasis when purulent sputum volume was allowed for. Indium-111 labelled granulocyte scanning provides a sensitive and objective method for detecting inflammation in the lungs and should help to improve understanding of chronic bronchial sepsis and possibly treatment in selected cases.
Renal, Transcapillary, Net Exchange in the Dog
Authors: EDWARD D. FREIS, HAROLD W. SCHNAPER, JOHN C. ROSE, LAWRENCE S. LILIENPIELD
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

The transcapillary net exchanges of inulin, para-aminohippurate, thiocyanate and heavy water were determined in the renal circulation. It was found that the tracer substances larger than heavy water diffused more freely through renal than through previously studied peripheral or pulmonary capillaries. The results are consistent with the concept of a larger pore size in renal capillaries.
Abstract P4-05-05: Molecular effects of initial core biopsies in neoadjuvant window studies
Authors: LM Arthur, AK Turnbull, L Renshaw, VS Sabine, JM Bartlett, AH Sims, JM Dixon
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background A growing number of studies are assessing the effects of drugs on breast cancers by investigating the molecular changes in tumours between the initial core biopsy taken at diagnosis and the excision specimen removed at surgery 2-3 weeks later. It is imperative to know if molecular profiles of tumours change over time without treatment and to assess whether the core biopsy itself influences the molecular profile. This study aimed to investigate changes in molecular profiles of breast cancer between the initial core biopsy and the excision specimen in patients who had no intervening treatment. Methods 83 patients with paired fresh frozen tissue specimens from an initial diagnostic core biopsy and the later surgical excision biopsy have been studied. Following RNA extraction and processing, Illumina HT-12 BeadArrays were used for gene expression profiling. Samples were analysed for significant changes in gene expression and compared with a large dataset of patients treated with neoadjuvant letrozole. Results Analysis is on-going and results from all patients will be available by December 2013. Pairwise Rank Product analysis (false discovery rate 0.01) of the first 12 patients representing all subtypes of breast cancer (6 ER+, 4 HER2+, 2 triple negative) with a mean interval of 22.9 days (range 15 - 33 days) between specimens, identified 346 down regulated genes. Functional processes represented by these genes were; ribosomes, regulation of cell death and apoptosis, and protein complex biogenesis. Up-regulated processes (236 genes) included functions relating to regulation of transcription, mRNA processing/splicing and ECM remodelling. No consistent changes in a 60 gene immune signature were seen across these 12 patients. Integration of this dataset with a large letrozole-treated dataset, demonstrated that less than 1% of genes that changed on-treatment with letrozole, changed without treatment. Conclusions This is the largest study investigating molecular profiles of the same breast cancer sampled at different times. It has shown: · No consistent changes in expression of genes associated with wound healing and immune response 15-33 days after core biopsy · Stability of the genetic profile of individual tumours despite multiple biopsies · Stability in the genes that are changed by two weeks of treatment with daily letrozole. This study provides definitive evidence of the validity of preoperative or window of opportunity molecular studies and has major implications for investigating the effects of new therapeutic drugs. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P4-05-05.
Interferon‐alpha treatment for severe atopic dermatitis
Authors: H. Kimata, Y. Akiyama, M. Kubota, K. Furusho
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Patients with both severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic hepatitis B, or chronic hepatitis C were treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). IFN-alpha treatment improved AD. Moreover, there were also significant decreases in serum IgE and IgG4 levels and in in vitro spontaneous IgE and IgG4 production by patients' mononuclear cells.
The Actions of Cardiac Glycosides on Heart Muscle Cells
Authors: ERNEST PAGE
Journal: Circulation (1964)

In experimental heart muscle preparations cardiac glycosides specifically inhibit the active transport of Na ions out of heart muscle cells. By this action they bring about a net cellular accumulation of Na and, secondarily, a net cellular loss of K and uptake of Cl, cell swelling, and a fall in the electrical potential difference across the resting cell membrane. The site of inhibition appears to be the external surface of the cell membrane and to involve a displacement of K ions from a critical site at this surface. Inhibition of active transport by cardiac glycosides in intact cells has a counterpart in cell membrane fragments, in which the drugs inhibit the Na- and K-activated enzymatic splitting of adenosinetriphosphate. The contraction-promoting effect of these drugs is not understood, principally because the sequence of events in cellular contraction and its alterations in heart failure have been only incompletely identified. Cellular contraction has been divided for descriptive purposes into three stages, including depolarization, excitation-contraction coupling, and shortening and relaxation of the myofibrils containing the contractile proteins. Neither the inhibition of active ion transport nor the experimental observations on the three stages of the contractile sequence explain the therapeutic effects of cardiac glycosides. Experimental approaches to the question of cardiac glycoside action at the cellular level and to the related problem of heart muscle cell failure are suggested.
Nomograms for Rates per 1,000
Authors: S. Rosenbaum
Journal: BMJ (1963)

A series of three nomograms is presented as an aid in assessing the significance of rates per 1,000, which depends, of course, upon the numbers at risk.These nomograms are extensions of a previous set (Rosenbaum, 1959), which were expressed as percentages, and where the size of sample did not exceed 4,000.The derivation of the nomograms is explained in that paper, and is not repeated here.The size of sample is now extended to 1,000,000, and the three problems originally dealt with on a single nomogram are now separated for greater clarity.The range of values formerly covered is included in the present set.
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis: A clinicopathologic classification
Authors: Omar P. Sangueza, Julio M. Sangueza, Mathew J. Stiller, Pastor Sangueza
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1993)

Leishmaniasis, a chronic parasitic disease transmitted by Phlebotomus sandflies, affects millions of patients. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania brasiliensis is endemic in much of South America.Our purpose was to develop a system for staging mucocutaneous leishmaniasis on the basis of clinical, histopathologic, epidemiologic, and immunologic criteria.Seventy-five Bolivian patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis were evaluated by history and physical examination; cutaneous, mucosal, and bone marrow biopsy specimens; and immunologic assessment.Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis may progress through three clinical stages: (1) the primary or cutaneous, (2) the cicatricial, and (3) the secondary or mucocutaneous stages. The primary stage can be further subdivided into three phases: lymphoplasmocytic, tuberculoid, and diffuse cutaneous phases. The secondary stage can also be subdivided into three phases: edematous, granulomatous proliferative, and granulomatous necrotizing stages.A classification or staging system enhances the ability to evaluate patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and determine more accurately their prognosis and treatment.
(54) Lipodystrophia centrifugalis
Authors: C.M.E. Rowland Payne, J.I. Harper, C.E. Farthing, A.C. Branfoot, R.E. Staughton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article (54) Lipodystrophia centrifugalis Get access C.M.E. Rowland Payne, C.M.E. Rowland Payne Westminster Hospital, London SW1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.I. Harper, J.I. Harper Westminster Hospital, London SW1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.E. Farthing, C.E. Farthing Westminster Hospital, London SW1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.C. Branfoot, A.C. Branfoot Westminster Hospital, London SW1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.E. Staughton R.E. Staughton Westminster Hospital, London SW1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue s29, 1 July 1985, Pages 100–101, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb13069.x Published: 01 July 1985
Insulinotropic action of secretin.
Authors: J. Dupre, J. D. Curtis, J. C. Beck
Journal: BMJ (1967)

110 mm.Hg.She was confused with paranoid trends, and exhibited hallucinations at times.-Depression had also been noted by her relatives before she was admitted to hospital.Physical examination showed osteoarthritis of both knee joints and small joints of the hands, confirmed by x-ray.Intravenous pyelogram showed normal appearance of both kidneys.Her haemoglobin was 6 g./100 ml. and the blood picture was hypochromic and microcytic, which improved after iron therapy.Blood sugar, electro- lytes, proteins, and cholesterol were normal.There was no glycosuria, and urinary 17-ketosteroid estimation was within normal limits.X- ray of the skull showed well-marked hyperostosis frontalis interna (Fig. 1).As seen in Figs. 2 and3, obesity was mainly limited to the upper arms
Judges overturn ruling that doctors in NHS disciplinary hearings cannot have lawyer
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The Court of Appeal has overturned rules introduced four years ago denying doctors access to legal representation in disciplinary proceedings by NHS employers in England.

The wording of the rules, agreed in 2005 after negotiations between the Department of Health and the BMA, was widely thought to have deprived doctors of the longstanding right to have a lawyer act for them at a disciplinary hearing.

The health department was concerned about lengthy cases that saw consultants suspended for years on full pay and sought to make the procedure less formal by excluding lawyers. …
Safety and Tolerability of the Easy Vax™ Clinical Epidermal Electroporation System in Healthy Adults
Authors: Samer S El-Kamary, Melissa Billington, Stephen Deitz, Elaina Colby, Howard Rhinehart, Yukun Wu, William Blackwelder, Robert Edelman, Albert Lee, Alan King
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

DNA vaccines are cost-effective and versatile, though intracellular delivery has been challenging in humans. Alternative delivery modalities such as electroporation have demonstrated improved immune responses, but are painful. In this single-center, double-blind, medical device trial, we evaluated the safety and tolerability of Easy Vax™ dermal electroporation system, alone (without DNA) in healthy adults. Three randomized protocol doses were administered to 10 subjects (80% white, 60% female, mean age: 32.1 years) in each of two areas (total of six doses). Two subjects complained of shooting pain, burning and/or tingling when doses were administered to the forearm region, but not the lateral deltoid regions. Subsequent doses for the remaining eight subjects were restricted to the deltoid regions only. Tolerability pain scores never exceeded 3 of 10 in the 11-Point Pain Rating scale, and 12 of 100 in the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and lower in follow-up evaluations (P < 0.0001), with no significant difference between the three dosing protocols. Electrical properties of the skin, measured automatically by the device, showed no correlation between pain intensity and skin conductance. In conclusion, the Easy Vax™ electroporation device is safe and well tolerated when administered over the lateral deltoid skin regions in healthy volunteers.
Mechanism of action of blocking immunoglobulin G for Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Authors: K A Joiner, R Scales, K A Warren, M M Frank, P A Rice
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Blocking immunoglobulin G (IgG) inhibits complement-mediated killing of serum-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) in immune human serum. We examined the mechanism of action of blocking IgG. Presensitization of GC with increasing concentrations of blocking IgG or F(ab')2 before incubation with bactericidal antibody and absorbed pooled normal human serum increased consumption and deposition of the third component of human complement (C3) and the ninth component of human complement (C9) but inhibited killing in dose-related fashion. We next showed that blocking IgG or F(ab')2 partially inhibited binding of bactericidal IgG to GC. Also, binding of a monoclonal antibody recognizing GC outer membrane protein PIII was almost completely inhibited by blocking F(ab')2, confirming other work (Rice, P. A., M. R. Tam, and M. S. Blake, manuscript submitted for publication) showing that PIII is a target for blocking antibody. Studies of the C3 deposition site showed that one quarter of the C3 deposited on GC in the presence of blocking IgG bound covalently to the antibody molecule. Finally, 125I-GC constituents with covalently bound C3 were affinity purified on Sepharose bearing antibodies to C3 and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. C3 deposition on a 40,000-mol wt surface protein was enhanced six- to ninefold by blocking IgG, which indicates that the site of complement deposition was altered by blocking antibody. These studies show that blocking IgG competes with bactericidal antibody for binding to GC, but enhances rather than blocks complement activation, and leads to complement deposition at new sites that do not result in serum killing.
Association of allergic symptoms in children with those in their parents
Authors: Y. M. Abdulrazzaq, A. Bener, P. DeBuse
Journal: Allergy (1994)

This study investigated the association of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema in United Arab Emirates (UAE) schoolchildren with allergic conditions in their parents. A cross‐sectional, population‐based study among schoolchildren aged 6–14 years was conducted in Al‐Ain City, UAE. The field survey was conducted from October 1992 to May 1993. A questionnaire was distributed to 850 UAE government school students from representative, randomly selected schools with a majority of UAE nationals. The student and both or either of the parents were present during the interview. A detailed clinical history of asthma and wheezing in the target children and a history of asthma and allergic rhinitis in their parents and siblings were obtained. It was found that 13.1% of asthmatic children had mothers with asthma (relative risk (RR) = 2.67; 95% confidence intervals (CI)= 1.65–4.35), and 15.2% had fathers who were asthmatic (RR = 2.85; 95% CI = 1.81–4.49). This contrasted with 4.4% of nonasthmatic children who had fathers with asthma, and 4.1% who had mothers with asthma. A similar pattern was seen with symptoms of allergic rhinitis when it was found that 34.3% of children who had asthma had mothers with allergic rhinitis (RR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.90–3.94). The corresponding figure for fathers was 12.7% (RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.5–1.7). The frequency of either parent of the asthmatic children having allergic rhinitis was 28.6%; for both parents, it was 14.5%. It was also found that asthmatic children had 12.5% of their fathers, 32.8% of their mothers, 26.4% of either of their parents, and 33.3% of both their parents suffering from allergic rhinitis. Siblings of the asthmatic children were also studied to establish the relationship between allergic conditions in the siblings and asthma in the study sample. It was found that in the asthmatic study population the frequency of siblings having asthma was 31.9%; of those having allergic rhinitis, 21.3%; and of those having eczema, 16.1%. Twenty‐nine percent of either of the parents of the children with eczema had the same condition, and the corresponding figure for allergic rhinitis was 36.5%. The prevalence rate of asthma in the schoolchildren studied increased dramatically to 22% when wheeze, asthma, or nocturnal cough were grouped together. When eczema and allergic rhinitis were also considered together along with the above, the rate increased to 31%. The size of the family did not seem to affect the parent/child association of allergic symptoms. Our findings indicate that there is a strong association between respiratory allergies and eczema in parents and in their asthmatic children, thereby indicating a strong genetic basis for the occurrence of asthma in particular and atopy in general.