tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
L-type calcium current in human ventricular myocytes at a physiological temperature from children with tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Brigitte Pelzmann, Peter Schaffer, Eva Bernhart, Petra Lang, Heinrich Mächler, Bruno Rigler, Bernd Koidl
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Objective: The aim was to investigate the electrophysiological properties of the L-type calcium current (ICa,L) in ventricular myocytes at a physiological temperature (36–37°C) isolated from children undergoing surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Methods:ICa,L was recorded with the patch-clamp technique in the single electrode whole-cell mode at a physiological calcium concentration (1.8 mmol/l) at 36–37°C. Results: Under these conditions, maximum current density averaged −5.80±0.45 pA/pF. ICa,L showed a bell-shaped current–voltage relationship: the current activated at −37.7±1.36 mV, peaked at +9.41±1.60 mV and reversed at +57.7±2.12 mV (n=17). At +10 mV, time to peak of ICa,L was 5.23±0.46 ms. Membrane potentials for half-maximal steady-state activation and inactivation of ICa,L were −6.02 and −20.4 mV, respectively, the slope factors were 7.16 mV for steady-state activation and 6.49 mV for steady-state inactivation. ICa,L did not completely inactivate and showed a big window current between −45 and +40 mV. The inactivation of ICa,L showed a biexponential time course with a fast time constant ranging from 9.11 to 12.9 ms and a slow time constant ranging from 60.9 to 220 ms between −30 and +30 mV. Only the slow time constant showed a pronounced voltage dependency. The recovery from inactivation of ICa,L was biphasic with a fast time constant of 60.7 ms and a slow time constant of 619 ms. β-Adrenergic stimulation with isoprenaline (1 μmol/l) increased the ICa,L density from −5.71±1.55 to −13.8±1.96 pA/pF (142%; P<0.05) at +10 mV. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that most of the electrophysiological properties of ICa,L in ventricular myocytes isolated from children with tetralogy of Fallot resemble those of adult ventricular cells. The existence of a big calcium window current could be involved in the occurrence of early afterdepolarizations which could lead to the high incidence of arrhythmias after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot.
Chlormadinone contraceptive withdrawn.
Authors: G R Daniel
Journal: BMJ (1970)

wait eight weeks from the time of being diagnosed by bronchoscopy a,s having a lung cancer before being admitted to hospital for thoracotomy.If it had not been for my making a pest of myself by repeated letters and a telephone call, he would probably have waited 10 weeks.In fact, he jumped the queue for admission.Eight to ten weeks is long enough for an operable carcinoma to become inoperable.It is highly unethical for a National Health Service to be organized in such a way that there is a waiting list for cancer of two months' duration.In Manchester the waiting time for admission for treatment for lung cancer is two months; for iatrogenic abortion several days.Whether this is a local or national phenomenon I do not know, but it seems to be a highly unethical state of affairs.-I am, etc.,
Clinical and Angiographic Results in Patients with Very Small Coronary Vessel After Biolimus A9-eluting Stents Implantation
Authors: Soichiro Enomoto, Takenori Domei, Shoichi Kuramitsu, Yoshio Kazuno, Makoto Hyodo, Toru Mazaki, Shinichi Shirai, Kenji Ando
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Molecular Substrates of Altered Axonal Growth and Brain Connectivity in a Mouse Model of Schizophrenia
Authors: Jun Mukai, Makoto Tamura, Karine Fénelon, Andrew M. Rosen, Timothy J. Spellman, Rujun Kang, Amy B. MacDermott, Maria Karayiorgou, Joshua A. Gordon, Joseph A. Gogos
Journal: Neuron (2015)
EXPERIMENTAL NEPHRITIS IN RATS INDUCED BY INJECTION OF ANTI-KIDNEY SERUM
Authors: Joseph E. Smadel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

Administration of the relatively organ specific antibody, so called nephrotoxin, present in anti-kidney serum, is followed by a diffuse glomerulonephritis. This is characterized early by swelling of the intercapillary substance of the glomerular tuft and by tubular degeneration. Fibrin thrombi are only present in the glomerular capillaries when the injection of anti-kidney serum results in a severe anaphylactoid reaction, and are due to factors other than nephrotoxin. The urinary abnormalities which develop in all rats after a suitable injection of nephrotoxin usually continue until the animal dies or is sacrificed. Microscopic renal lesions of the early phase merge into scarring of the glomeruli and tubules. Histological study of those animals which die from 3 to 11 months after treatment reveals a chronic progressive glomerulonephritis with generalized vascular lesions.
REPORT OF FIVE CASES OF TYPHOID FEVER TREATED BY THE WOOD-BRIDGE METHOD.
Authors: H. SCHOENFELD
Journal: JAMA (1896)

<h3>Case 1.</h3> —Lena F., of Trenton, Ohio, age 21 years; single; a domestic; began ailing on April 16 with the characteristic symptoms of typhoid fever. Had been working in family where two long prolonged cases lay. Saw her on April 30 and put her on iron, quinin and strychnin pills; aconite and digitalis and used turpentine stupes. Pulse 120, temperature 102.2. Third day temperature was up to 103. Put her on Woodbridge tablets No. 1 every hour. Fourth day gave them every half hour. On fifth day put her on No. 3 in a liquid form which after a while caused vomiting, which finally became very bad; so I ceased its use, her chief complaint being in the epigastrium. Kept her on No. 1 and used papoid, listerin with aconite, digitalis, etc. Normal temperature was present on the evening of the twenty-third day. I did not understand treatment as it
The diagnosis and management of hiatus hernia
Authors: S. Roman, P. J. Kahrilas
Journal: BMJ (2014)

#### Summary points

Hiatus hernia is a condition involving herniation of the contents of the abdominal cavity, most commonly the stomach, through the diaphragm into the mediastinum. In the United States, hiatus hernia was listed as a primary or secondary cause of hospital admissions in 142 of 10 000 inpatients between 2003 and 2006.1 However, the exact prevalence of hiatus hernia is difficult to determine because of the inherent subjectivity in diagnostic criteria. Consequently, estimates vary widely—for example, from 10% to 80% of the adult population in North America.2 It is, however, accepted that the prevalence of hiatus hernia parallels that of obesity and that it increases with age. The typical symptom of hiatus hernia is gastroesophageal reflux (heartburn, regurgitation). Less common symptoms are dysphagia, epigastric or chest pain, and chronic iron deficiency anaemia. This clinical review summarises the current evidence for the diagnosis and management of hiatus hernia.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We based this review on articles identified through a search of PubMed using the term “hiatal hernia” on 12 August 2014. Largely because of the extensive literature on reflux disease and the overlap between reflux disease and hiatus hernia, the search returned over 4500 citations, even when limited to publications in the English …
Data show that SARS is gradually coming under control
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Although the number of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has passed the 8000 mark worldwide, the indications are that the outbreak is otherwise being contained, despite the latest outbreak in Toronto.

At 26 May there had been 8202 probable cases of SARS and 725 deaths in 29 countries. A total of 4662 people have recovered.

On 23 May the World Health Organization lifted its travel warning on Hong Kong and Guangdong province because there have been significant improvements in containing the outbreak there.

“Guangdong was the first place to have cases of SARS, but I am pleased to note that due to the efforts of the local and national health authorities, with support from WHO and partners, the outbreaks in Guangdong and Hong Kong are being contained,” said Gro Harlem Brundtland, director general of WHO.

WHO's advisory for other parts of China, including Beijing, is still in place and has been extended to cover the whole of Taiwan, as SARS has spread from Taipei to other cities. Two new clusters of cases have also been reported in Toronto (31 March, p 1162).

Infections across China have slowed dramatically, and on 26 May …
Indiana declares health emergency in response to HIV outbreak
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Indiana’s governor, Mike Pence, declared a public health emergency on Wednesday 25 March in response to an outbreak of new HIV infections in the southeast of the state.

Since the outbreak was first detected, in January, state officials have confirmed 79 cases of new HIV infection. Most have occurred in Scott County, a rural county with a population of 24 000, which would typically see fewer than five cases a year.

All the confirmed cases have been linked to injected drug use, particularly of a prescription form of oxymorphone (marketed in the United States as Opana), …
Competitive complexation of trace metals with dissolved humic acid.
Authors: Y Cao, M Conklin, E Betterton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

In this study we investigated the effects of competing trace metals and Ca2+ on Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) complexation by humic acid extracted from groundwater in Orange County, California. Two types of titration experiments were conducted, those using a single metal and those in which the humic acid had been preequilibrated with a competing metal (either a trace metal or Ca2+). The labile metal concentration in the titration was determined by differential pulse polarography (DPP). Results show the different effects of competing trace metal ions and the effect of Ca2+. Both trace metals and Ca2+ do not compete effectively with Cd(II) complexation. While no effects of Cu(II) on Pb(II) complexation were observed, the presence of Cd(II) appeared to slightly enhance the binding between Pb(II) and humic acid. The addition of Pb(II) decreased the amount of Cu(II) complexation, but Cd(II) caused a slight increase at the lower concentrations. Calcium, however, decreased the amount of complexation for all three metals. Results indicate that the metals are not necessarily competing for the same sites. Conformational changes that occur when trace metals bind to the different sites may cause this competing or enhanced effect. Since Ca(II) is introduced at two orders of magnitude higher in concentration than the trace metals, it can outcompete the trace metal for sites where electrostatic interactions dominate. The results indicate that in groundwater situations, where more than one metal is present, the effect of other metals must be considered in predicting metal speciation.
A G polymorphism in the CRBN gene acts as a biomarker of response to treatment with lenalidomide in low/int-1 risk MDS without del(5q)
Authors: V Sardnal, A Rouquette, S Kaltenbach, C Bally, V Chesnais, C Leschi, L Ades, V Santini, S Park, A Toma, P Fenaux, F Dreyfus, M Fontenay, O Kosmider
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Prostaglandin E2 EP1 receptors: downstream effectors of COX-2 neurotoxicity
Authors: Takayuki Kawano, Josef Anrather, Ping Zhou, Laibaik Park, Gang Wang, Kelly A Frys, Alexander Kunz, Sunghee Cho, Marcello Orio, Costantino Iadecola
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Smoker's Wrinkles
Authors: HARRY W. DANIELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

A simple method of grading the severity of facial skin wrinkling is described. It can be rapidly learned and easily used by untrained students. In a study of 1,104 subjects the severity of wrinkling correlated with a history of habitual cigarette smoking, after adjustment for age and outdoor exposure. The association between cigarette smoking and wrinkling was striking in both sexes soon after age 30, was related to the duration and intensity of cigarette smoking, and was more pronounced than was the association between wrinkling and admitted outdoor exposure. Smokers in the 40- to 49-year age group were as likely to be prominently wrinkled as nonsmokers who were 20 years older.
TCT-556 The Incidence and outcome of devices “stuck” in the coronary artery during percutaneous coronary intervention - A Toyohashi Experience -
Authors: Masashi Kimura, Yasushi Asakura, Yoshihisa Kinoshita, Tairo Kurita, Kenya Nasu, Takahiko Suzuki, Tomohiko Teramoto, Mitsuyasu Terashima, Etsuo Tsuchikane
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Authors: David N. Tobey
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<i>Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>provides an excellent review of the literature and research that has been accumulating, particularly in the last ten years, in this rapidly changing field. The first section, on immunology, is an unfolding of the discoveries that have led to the present understanding of cellular systems and immunochemical responses in immunology. Normal immunoprotective mechanisms are described, and the pathological variations in the responses are categorized. Some of the groundwork elucidating hereditary patterns in allergy is presented, and the accumulating evidence for genetic factors in immunity is documented. An outline and succinct description of the multiple immune deficiency disorders are helpful in conjunction with a chapter on the clinical and laboratory investigation of the immunodeficiencies. The immunologic aspects of specific organ systems are then discussed, with chapters by various authors devoted to such topics as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis, and immunologic aspects of the renal, hematologic,
Vitamin D Deficiency, Smoking, and Lung Function in the Normative Aging Study
Authors: Nancy E. Lange, David Sparrow, Pantel Vokonas, Augusto A. Litonjua
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Vitamin D has immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory effects that may be modified by cigarette smoke and may affect lung function.
Nephrectomy and Interleukin-2 for Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Allan J. Pantuck, Arie S. Belldegrun, Robert A. Figlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

To the Editor: In this issue of the Journal, Flanigan et al.1 report the results of a randomized trial conducted by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG), which compared interferon alone with nephrec...
Endocytosis of PEGylated nanoparticles accompanied by structural and free energy changes of the grafted polyethylene glycol
Authors: Ying Li, Martin Kröger, Wing Kam Liu
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)

Nanoparticles (NPs) are in use to efficiently deliver drug molecules into diseased cells. The surfaces of NPs are usually grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers, during so-called PEGylation, to improve water solubility, avoid aggregation, and prevent opsonization during blood circulation. The interplay between grafting density σp and grafted PEG polymerization degree N makes cellular uptake of PEGylated NPs distinct from that of bare NPs. To understand the role played by grafted PEG polymers, we study the endocytosis of 8 nm sized PEGylated NPs with different σp and N through large scale dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. The free energy change Fpolymer of grafted PEG polymers, before and after endocytosis, is identified to have an effect which is comparable to, or even larger than, the bending energy of the membrane during endocytosis. Based on self-consistent field theory Fpolymer is found to be dependent on both σp and N. By incorporating Fpolymer, the critical ligand-receptor binding strength for PEGylated NPs to be internalized can be correctly predicted by a simple analytical equation. Without considering Fpolymer, it turns out impossible to predict whether the PEGylated NPs will be delivered into the diseased cells. These simulation results and theoretical analysis not only provide new insights into the endocytosis process of PEGylated NPs, but also shed light on the underlying physical mechanisms, which can be utilized for designing efficient PEGylated NP-based therapeutic carriers with improved cellular targeting and uptake.
Molecular mechanisms of transformation of C3H/10T1/2 C1 8 mouse embryo cells and diploid human fibroblasts by carcinogenic metal compounds.
Authors: J R Landolph
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Carcinogenic arsenic, nickel, and chromium compounds induced morphological and neoplastic transformation but no mutation to ouabain resistance in 10T1/2 mouse embryo cells; lead chromate also did not induce mutation to ouabain or 6-thioguanine resistance in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The mechanism of metal-induced morphological transformation was likely not due to the specific base substitution mutations measured in ouabain resistance mutation assays, and for lead chromate, likely not due to this type of base substitution mutation or to frameshift mutations. Preliminary data indicate increases in steady-state levels of c-myc RNA in arsenic-, nickel-, and chromium-transformed cell lines. We also showed that carcinogenic nickel, chromium, and arsenic compounds and N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced stable anchorage independence (Al) in diploid human fibroblasts (DHF) but no focus formation or immortality. Nickel subsulfide and lead chromate induced Al but not mutation to 6-thioguanine resistance. The mechanism of induction of Al by metal salts in DHF was likely not by the type of base substitution or frameshift mutations measured in these assays. MNNG induced Al, mutation to 6-thioguanine resistance, and mutation to ouabain resistance, and might induce Al by base substitution or frameshift mutations. Dexamethasone, aspirin, and salicylic acid inhibited nickel subsulfide, MNNG, and 12-O-tetrade-canoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced Al in DHF, suggesting that arachidonic acid metabolism and oxygen radical generation play a role in induction of Al. We propose that nickel compounds stimulate arachidonic acid metabolism, consequent oxygen radical generation, and oxygen radical attack upon DNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
THE TRANSMISSION OF TRYPANOSOMA LEWISI BY THE RAT-FLEA (CERATOPHYLLUS FASCIATUS)
Authors: E. A. Minchin, J. D. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1911)

IKZDIE"L JrOUMAL~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_ the oommittee lady to the treasurer, and nothing to the nurse herself-she receives a regular wage.Under the auspices of the central association there have been established a number of lending groups for the intercbange of nurses.The more this can be extended in the county, the better for the associations working in the county.We have borrowed nurses from all over the country, and the travelling expenses become heavy where the borrowed nurse has to be brought from a distance.There are five associations in the county affiliated to the Holt Ookley Association, and I am satisfied that the more we get established the sooner we shall cease to hear of the necessity of midwivee, and of the everlasting difficulty with the "; Lady of Improvidence."THE
Restricted or absent immune responses in human populations to Plasmodium falciparum gamete antigens that are targets of malaria transmission-blocking antibodies.
Authors: R Carter, P M Graves, I A Quakyi, M F Good
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

We have studied the antibodies to sexual stage antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in human sera from Papua New Guinea where intense transmission of P. falciparum occurs as well as the less prevalent P. malariae and P. vivax. In extracts of gametes of P. falciparum we have studied the reactivity of serum antibodies with antigens labeled with 125I on the surface of the gametes as well as intracellular gamete antigens. A prominent 27-kD sexual stage-specific intracellular protein was recognized more or less in proportion to the general antibody response to gamete proteins. The response to the gamete surface proteins, however, was quite unrepresentative of the general antibody response to the intracellular gamete proteins. No antibodies were detected against Pfs25, a 21-kD protein expressed on zygotes and ookinetes of P. falciparum and known to be a sensitive target of malaria transmission-blocking antibodies. The antibody response to two other target antigens of transmission-blocking antibodies on the surface of gametes of P. falciparum, a 230- and a 48- and 45-kD protein doublet, was very variable and independent of the response to the internal protein antigens. Several possibilities are discussed that may account for the variable response to these gamete surface antigens in individuals with otherwise good antibody responses to internal sexual stage proteins. Among these is the possibility that there is MHC restriction of the immune response to the gamete surface antigens in the human population. This interpretation accords well with evidence for MHC-restricted immune response to the same P. falciparum gamete surface antigens in studies with H-2 congenic mice (24).
β2-Adrenergic agonists augment air pollution–induced IL-6 release and thrombosis
Authors: Sergio E. Chiarella, Saul Soberanes, Daniela Urich, Luisa Morales-Nebreda, Recep Nigdelioglu, David Green, James B. Young, Angel Gonzalez, Carmen Rosario, Alexander V. Misharin, Andrew J. Ghio, Richard G. Wunderink, Helen K. Donnelly, Kathryn A. Radigan, Harris Perlman, Navdeep S. Chandel, G.R. Scott Budinger, Gökhan M. Mutlu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Acute exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution causes thrombotic cardiovascular events, leading to increased mortality rates; however, the link between PM and cardiovascular dysfunction is not completely understood. We have previously shown that the release of IL-6 from alveolar macrophages is required for a prothrombotic state and acceleration of thrombosis following exposure to PM. Here, we determined that PM exposure results in the systemic release of catecholamines, which engage the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) on murine alveolar macrophages and augment the release of IL-6. In mice, β2AR signaling promoted the development of a prothrombotic state that was sufficient to accelerate arterial thrombosis. In primary human alveolar macrophages, administration of a β2AR agonist augmented IL-6 release, while the addition of a beta blocker inhibited PM-induced IL-6 release. Genetic loss or pharmacologic inhibition of the β2AR on murine alveolar macrophages attenuated PM-induced IL-6 release and prothrombotic state. Furthermore, exogenous β2AR agonist therapy further augmented these responses in alveolar macrophages through generation of mitochondrial ROS and subsequent increase of adenylyl cyclase activity. Together, these results link the activation of the sympathetic nervous system by β2AR signaling with metabolism, lung inflammation, and an enhanced susceptibility to thrombotic cardiovascular events.