tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Blood Flow and Myocardial Uptake of <sup>201</sup> Tl and <sup>99m</sup> Tc-Sestamibi During Coronary Vasodilation Induced by CGS-21680, a Selective Adenosine A <sub>2A</sub> Receptor Agonist
Authors: Zuo-Xiang He, Eduardo Cwajg, Wayne Hwang, Craig J. Hartley, Etai Funk, Lloyd H. Michael, Mario S. Verani
Journal: Circulation (2000)

We investigated the hemodynamic and coronary vasodilatory effects of CGS-21680, a potent selective adenosine A(2A) agonist, as well as its potential use as a new stress modality in combination with perfusion scintigraphy.A stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was produced in dogs to reduce the reactive hyperemic response to <20%. Adenosine and CGS-21680 were then separately infused to maximize left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) flow velocity. (201)Tl (0.5 mCi) and (99m)Tc-sestamibi (5 mCi) were injected at the maximal dose of CGS-21680. Heart rate decreased with adenosine but increased during CGS-21680 infusion (P<0.005). The decrease in systolic blood pressure was more prominent with adenosine than with CGS-21680 (P<0.005). In the control LCx zone, maximal myocardial blood flow (MBF) (measured by radioactive microspheres) increased 3.1-fold during adenosine infusion (P<0.005) and 3.8-fold during CGS-21680 infusion (P<0.005). In the stenotic LAD zone, MBF did not change significantly. During adenosine and CGS-21680 infusion, stenosis/control zone MBF ratios were comparable (0.32+/-0.11 versus 0.27+/-0.10, P=NS), and transmural (201)Tl and (99m)Tc-sestamibi count-activity ratios (0.48+/-0.11 and 0.51+/-0.09, respectively) were also comparable (P=NS). Myocardial scintigraphy uncovered perfusion defects in all dogs.CGS-21680 elicits coronary vasodilation comparable to that of adenosine and produces profound heterogeneity of MBF and of (201)Tl and (99m)Tc-sestamibi myocardial uptake, rendering it a promising agent for pharmacological myocardial perfusion imaging.
Coexistence of Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia and a Lymphoproliferative Disorder
Authors: ENRIQUE VÉLEZ-GARCÍA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

A patient with chronic granulocytic leukemia who was suspected of having a lymphoma of the spleen with subsequent leukemic extension to the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and central nervous system is presented. This case is compared with others previously reported in the literature, and the pathogenesis of concomitant myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders is discussed.
Doctors or defence?
Authors: D E B Powell
Journal: BMJ (1982)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Severe respiratory disease coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the most devastating disease, COVID-19, of the recent century. One of the unsolved scientific questions around SARS-CoV-2 is the animal origin of this virus. Bats and pangolins are recognized as the most probable reservoir hosts that harbor the highly similar SARS-CoV-2 related viruses (SARSr-CoV-2). Here, we report the identification of a novel lineage of SARSr-CoVs, including RaTG15 and seven other viruses, from bats at the same location where we found RaTG13 in 2015. Although RaTG15 and the related viruses share 97.2% amino acid sequence identities to SARS-CoV-2 in the conserved ORF1b region, but only show less than 77.6% to all known SARSr-CoVs in genome level, thus forms a distinct lineage in the <i>Sarbecovirus</i> phylogenetic tree. We then found that RaTG15 receptor binding domain (RBD) can bind to and use <i>Rhinolophus affinis</i> bat ACE2 (RaACE2) but not human ACE2 as entry receptor, although which contains a short deletion and has different key residues responsible for ACE2 binding. In addition, we show that none of the known viruses in bat SARSr-CoV-2 lineage or the novel lineage discovered so far use human ACE2 efficiently compared to SARSr-CoV-2 from pangolin or some of the SARSr-CoV-1 lineage viruses. Collectively, we suggest more systematic and longitudinal work in bats to prevent future spillover events caused by SARSr-CoVs or to better understand the origin of SARS-CoV-2.
Comparison of Effect of Two Induction Doses of Methohexitone on Infants Delivered by Elective Caesarean Section
Authors: A. Holdcroft, M. J. Robinson, H. Gordon, J. G. Whitwam
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Observations were made on 26 infants delivered by elective caesarean section under general anaesthesia. A standard anaesthetic technique was employed using a methohexitone, relaxant, nitrous oxide-oxygen sequence with regulated ventilation and the administration of papaveretum after clamping the umbilical cord. In 12 patients the induction dose of methohexitone was 1·4mg/kg and in 14 it was reduced to 1·0 mg/kg. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the clinical status of the mothers, in operative technique and timing, or in the value of PO<sub>2</sub>, PCO<sub>2</sub>, and pH in the umbilical cord venous blood. The infants whose mothers received the lower dose of methohexitone were in better condition, as assessed by the number needing assisted ventilation, the time taken to establish regular respiration, the Apgar score, and the “Apgar minus colour” score.
A major group of mouse kappa chains controlled by the chromosome 6 locus, IgK-Ef2.
Authors: C Lazure, W T Hum, D M Gibson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

We previously demonstrated that loci closely linked to the Ly-3 locus control the expression of distinct sets of light chains in normal mouse serum immunoglobulin. One of these loci, IgK-Ef2, was shown to control two major bands in normal light chain isoelectric focusing (IF) profiles. Strains possessing the marker bands were designated IgK-Ef2a. Screening of myeloma proteins from the strains BALB/c (IgK-Ef2a) and NZB (IgK-Ef2b) led to the identification of eight proteins in the BALB/c collection having light chains that cofocus precisely with the polymorphic IF bands observed in normal serum light chains. Partial sequence analysis of 3 of the light chains has shown that they are all identical in the first 30 positions, which indicates that they constitute a single variable region of the kappa light chain (VK) group (VK1). The frequency of occurrence of the group within the BALB/c myeloma collections (8 out of 277) suggests that the number of such groups may be closer to 50 than to 100. The finding supports an interpretation of the genetic polymorphism as being in part a result of the absence of genes related to VK1 in IgK-Ef2b strains of mice.
High Blood Pressure in the Elderly
Authors: H. Droller, J. Pemberton, C. Roseman, J. L. A. Grout
Journal: BMJ (1952)

The observations which follow were derived from the medical examinations of 476 elderly people living at home in Sheffield and from the radiological examination of 332 of them.The age-and-sex distribution is shown in Table I.This paper deals only with observations on the blood pressure, the main report will be published elsewhere.
Molecular forms and biological activity of atrial natriuretic factor in patients with cirrhosis and ascites
Authors: Wladimiro Jiménez, Jolanta Gutkowska, Pere Ginés, Vicente Arroyo, Francisca Rivera, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Patients with cirrhosis and ascites show sodium retention and normal or increased plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor, a peptide with powerful natriuretic activity. To investigate whether this paradoxical observation could be related to a dysregulation in the process of synthesis and maturation of atrial natriuretic factor leading to abnormal molecular forms lacking biological activity, the chromatographic patterns of atrial natriuretic factor contained in plasma extracts from 10 patients with cirrhosis and ascites and 6 healthy subjects were compared. Atrial natriuretic factor from cirrhotic patients was also tested in two different radioreceptor assays, which detect the biologically active form(s) of this peptide. Patients with cirrhosis and ascites had higher plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor (81.3 ± 8.5 pg/ml, p &lt; 0.001) than control subjects (29.8 ± 3.2 pg/ml). High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of atrial natriuretic factor showed an identical chromatographic pattern in cirrhotic patients and control subjects. Three peaks related to the atrial natriuretic factor prohormone were observed in cirrhotic patients and control subjects, accounting for 64%, 23% and 11% of the total atrial natriuretic factor in cirrhotic patients and 63%, 18% and 8% of the total atrial natriuretic factor in control subjects. The main peak eluted at the same position of synthetic human atrial natriuretic factor (Ser 99-Tyr 126), which represents the major active form of the circulating hormone. Cirrhotic atrial natriuretic factor displayed the same ability to inhibit the binding of 125 I-atrial natriuretic factor to rat glomerular and bovine adrenal membrane receptors as synthetic human atrial natriuretic factor. In conclusion this study demonstrates that atrial natriuretic factor of patients with cirrhosis and ascites has an equipotent binding activity to its receptor as to that of synthetic human atrial natriuretic factor and possesses the same molecular weight and biologically active forms as atrial natriuretic factor of normal subjects. These data indicate that in cirrhosis there is no dysregulation in the atrial natriuretic factor maturation process. (Hepatology 1991;14:601-607.)
Diagnosis in adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease. Prospective assessment of individual and combined roles of magnetic resonance imaging and transesophageal echocardiography.
Authors: R Hirsch, P J Kilner, M S Connelly, A N Redington, M G St John Sutton, J Somerville
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND The inability to obtain complete diagnoses with transthoracic echocardiography in many adults with congenital heart disease provided the incentive to evaluate prospectively the individual and combined roles of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as "second-line" techniques for unresolved diagnostic problems. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighty-five patients were studied; 81 had MRI with a 0.5-T magnet to obtain spin-echo images, cine-MRI, and flow-velocity maps. Seventy-nine patients had TEE (37 biplane). A simple score (range, 0 to 1) was used for quantification of the results of MRI and TEE alone, for their comparison (in the 75 patients who had both), and for assessment of their combination. MRI, TEE, or their combination achieved a score of at least 0.75 in 18 of 25 diagnostic categories. A summary of the scores showed that for intracardiac anatomy. MRI scored 0.34, TEE scored 0.71 (P &lt; .0001), and MRI plus TEE scored 0.84 (P &lt; .003); for extracardiac anatomy, MRI scored 0.76, TEE scored 0.23 (P &lt; .0001), and MRI plus TEE scored 0.84 (P = NS); and for hemodynamics and function, MRI scored 0.58, TEE scored 0.41 (P &lt; .05), and MRI plus TEE scored 0.67 (P = NS). Total scores were MRI, 0.52; TEE, 0.50 (P = NS); and MRI plus TEE, 0.80 (P &lt; .0001). MRI and TEE were inadequate for collateral and coronary arteries and pulmonary vascular resistance. Cine-MRI and flow-velocity maps comprised 43% of the MRI scores. Biplane TEE was better than single plane (scores of 0.59 versus 0.42, P &lt; .0001). CONCLUSIONS MRI and TEE are important and complementary "second-line" investigations for congenital heart disease. Analysis of their performance in a wide range of diagnostic categories provides guidelines for their judicious application. Where both are available, diagnostic catheterizations are either obviated or simplified.
Importance of perinatal versus horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in China.
Authors: G B Yao
Journal: Gut (1996)

China has one of the highest rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity in the world. In a survey of five provinces, the overall HBV infection rate in the general population was found to be 42.6%, with 10.3% testing positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Higher rates were found in rural than in urban areas. The prevalence of HBsAg among children under 1 year of age is quite low but increases rapidly thereafter, reaching a peak among 5 to 9 year olds. The pattern of age distribution suggests that horizontal transmission is an important route of HBV infection during early childhood, and the proportion of chronic HBsAg carriage attributable to perinatal transmission has been estimated at only 13-20%. Contact with infected family members probably accounts for much of the horizontal transmission in children. In a nationwide survey, 27.2% of families were found to have one or more HBsAg positive members and a strong tendency for family clustering has been identified. The strategy for prevention of HBV infection includes vaccination of all newborns, whether their mothers are HBsAg positive or negative, together with vaccination of high risk populations, and improved control measures in clinics and blood transfusion centres.
PRMT7 Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Promotes Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Ruosi Yao, Hao Jiang, Yuhui Ma, Liping Wang, Lin Wang, Juan Du, Pingfu Hou, Yanyan Gao, Li Zhao, Guannan Wang, Yu Zhang, Dong-Xu Liu, Baiqu Huang, Jun Lu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables metastasis. E-cadherin loss is a hallmark of EMT, but there remains an incomplete understanding of the epigenetics of this process. The protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT7 functions in various physiologic processes, including mRNA splicing, DNA repair, and neural differentiation, but its possible roles in cancer and metastasis have not been explored. In this report, we show that PRMT7 is expressed at higher levels in breast carcinoma cells and that elevated PRMT7 mediates EMT and metastasis. PRMT7 could inhibit the expression of E-cadherin by binding to its proximal promoter in a manner associated with altered histone methylation, specifically with elevated H4R3me2s and reduced H3K4me3, H3Ac, and H4Ac, which occurred at the E-cadherin promoter upon EMT induction. Moreover, PRMT7 interacted with YY1 and HDAC3 and was essential to link these proteins to the E-cadherin promoter. Silencing PRMT7 restored E-cadherin expression by repressing H4R3me2s and by increasing H3K4me3 and H4Ac, attenuating cell migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Overall, our results define PRMT7 as an inducer of breast cancer metastasis and present the opportunity for applying PRMT7-targeted therapeutics to treat highly invasive breast cancers.
Signalling via stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases in the cardiovascular system
Authors: M Bogoyevitch
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

A number of physiological, pharmacological and pathological stimuli initiate cardiac hypertrophy. The intracellular signalling events activated by these stimuli are equally complex. Our ability to treat the hypertrophic and failing myocardium effectively will require clarification of which signalling events regulate growth, remodelling and failure. Much recent attention has focused on the regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades (MAPKs), with the importance of these cascades in the development of cardiovascular diseases being extensively explored. These signalling pathways may provide one link from the diverse stress and pharmacological extracellular stimuli to the regulation of gene expression, contractile protein regulation and protein function. This review focuses on the recent progress made in the understanding of the regulation and function of MAPKs in the cardiovascular system, with particular emphasis being placed on the events in the cardiac ventricular myocyte.
Antibodies to Delta/Notch-like Epidermal Growth Factor–Related Receptor in Patients With Anti-Tr, Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration, and Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Maxwell Greene, Yongjie Lai, Nicolle Baella, Josep Dalmau, Eric Lancaster
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> The anti-Tr immune response is associated with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). One case series has reported that the Delta/notch-like epidermal growth factor–related receptor (DNER) is the actual target for anti-Tr antibodies, but this result has not been replicated. <h3>Objective</h3> To describe a patient with anti-Tr and confirm that DNER is the autoantigen for a series of patients with anti-Tr. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Observational study and analysis of biological samples for antibodies to DNER at the hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. We examined a cerebrospinal fluid sample from 1 patient with anti-Tr and serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid samples from 5 other patients with anti-Tr. <h3>Exposure</h3> Transfection of HEK293T and Hela cells to express DNER coupled to an enhanced green fluorescent protein tag using a plasmid previously used to detect human DNER antibodies. <h3>Results</h3> A man in his 30s with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and anti-Tr underwent treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, resulting in clinical improvement before chemotherapy. Despite close oncologic follow-up, a biopsy, positron emission tomography, and computed tomography, he was not diagnosed as having HL until 6 months after symptom onset. The cerebrospinal fluid sample from this patient reacted with cells transfected to express DNER, as did cerebrospinal fluid and/or serum samples from 5 other patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, HL, and anti-Tr. Only 4 of the 5 serum samples reacted to permeabilized cells enough to be distinguished from background, but all 5 serum samples convincingly labeled live cells, which had considerably less background. All 6 control serum samples and 1 serum sample from a patient previously diagnosed as having anti-Tr (but without HL or cerebellitis) did not recognize DNER. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This case demonstrates the importance of testing for the anti-Tr immune response in patients with cerebellar degeneration. The strong association of anti-Tr with HL requires careful surveillance for this tumor. We also confirm that DNER is the target antigen of the anti-Tr immune response. Screening for DNER antibodies against living transfected cells may offer an improved signal-to-noise characteristic compared with immunostaining of fixed, permeabilized cells.
A Comparison of the Ocular Hypotensive Efficacy of Once-daily and Twice-daily Levobunolol Treatment
Authors: Sanford I. Rakofsky, Shlomo Melamed, John S. Cohen, J. Rigby Slight, George Spaeth, Richard A. Lewis, Lilly Zbrowski-Gutman, Cheryl Y. Eto, John C. Lue, Gary D. Novack
Journal: Ophthalmology (1989)
Coronary stent implantation in aorto-ostial lesions: Immediate and follow-up results
Authors: Antonio Colombo, Akira Itoh, Luigi Maiello, Simonetta Blengino, Carlo Di Mario, Zampieri Paolo, Lucia Di Francesco, Massimo Ferraro, Giovanni Martini, Leo Finci
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
The Plutonium Controversy
Authors: Leonard A. Sagan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

CONTROVERSY has swirled around a number of issues related to nuclear energy, but ultimately the pivotal and most urgent question is that of possible human effects. To some, concern about plutonium in particular has been so great that they would abort or even dismantle the entire nuclear program for electrical generation. Yet the hazards of plutonium are no greater than those of many other industrial substances. The experience of 30 years supports the contention that plutonium can be used safely. A nuclear energy program can affect public health in only one way— through the routine or accidental release of radioactivity to the environment. The fuel rods that provide the energy source for steam generation are themselves not dangerously radioactive until the fission process begins after start-up. "Fission" refers to splitting of the uranium atom. Literally hundreds of radioactive species result; many are of little biological consequence either because of very
Physician Bias in Cesarean Section
Authors: Pedro A. Poma
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Phillips et al assumed that physicians on call might want more time off during weekends and may resort to abdominal deliveries sooner. Thus, they studied the incidence of the various indications for cesarean delivery and compared weekends and weekdays. They did not find any substantial difference between the deliveries on weekends and weekdays. I propose that physicians who are on call for weekends do not usually plan any other activities for those days and that this may have been the reason for the authors' findings. However, most persons who have a full-day schedule ahead prefer to rest after midnight, and this may be a more sensitive tool to detect physician bias on the decision-making process about abdominal deliveries. I assume that obstetric events (vaginal and nonelective abdominal deliveries) should have an even distribution during the 24 hours. However, when I reviewed these data in a community hospital
IgG2 Deficiency and Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Authors: William J. Yount
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Ataxia-telangiectasia is a rare multisystem disorder that generally presents within the first three years of life and culminates in death before the age of 20. Progressive cerebellar ataxia with other neurologic problems and cutaneous venous telangiectases are characteristic. Patients often have recurrent sinopulmonary infections due to humoral and cellular immunodeficiency, associated with thymic hypoplasia or atrophy. Gonadal agenesis and terminal lymphoreticular and epithelial cancer are also features of this puzzling disorder. Despite these protean clinical manifestations, the disease appears to be due to a single autosomal recessive gene.1 Although the precise biochemical defect is uncertain, a central feature in affected . . .
Effects and mechanism of action of aminophylline on cardiac function and regional blood flow distribution in conscious dogs.
Authors: J D Rutherford, S F Vatner, E Braunwald
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The effects of aminophylline, 1 mg/kg/min infused intravenously for 10 minutes, were examined on left ventricular (LV) diameter, pressure, an indexes of myocardial contractility, as well as systemic, coronary and regional hemodynamics in conscious dogs. Aminophylline increased mean arterial pressure 12 +/- 2%, LV systolic pressure 8 +/- 1%, LV dP/dt 20 +/- 2%, velocity of myocardial fiber shortening 13 +/- 2% and heart rate 5 +/- 2%, and reduced LV end-diastolic diameter 2 +/- 0.5%. Vascular resistance rose in the systemic bed 13 +/- 5%, the coronary bed 26 +/- 3%, the mesenteric bed 26 +/- 5% and the iliac bed 36 +/- 4%, but did not rise in the renal bed. Both beta-adrenergic receptor blockade with propranolol and chronic treatment with reserpine attentuated but did not abolish the positive inotropic response induced by aminophylline. Alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade with phentolamine prevented aminophylline-induced vasoconstriction in the systemic, coronary, mesenteric and iliac beds. In contrast to the vasoconstriction with i.v. aminophylline, when the drug was infused directly into the iliac artery, it elicited marked iliac vasodilation. Thus, in the intact conscious dog, i.v. aminophylline, in a dose that had little effect on heart rate, increased LV contractility and reduced preload. The increase in contractility was dependent in part on intact beta-adrenergic nervous activity and endogenous catecholamine stores. The increase in systemic, coronary, iliac and mesenteric resistances involved alpha-adrenergic mechanisms. These actions appear to involve autonomic mechanisms, because the only direct effect of aminophylline on the iliac artery was marked vasodilation.
Tuberculous Meningitis Following B.C.G. Vaccination
Authors: M. R. Kerr, J. M. Dunbar
Journal: BMJ (1958)

DIRSHNA 1019 tests were done on 10,422 schoolchildren.The results for 1956-7 are given in Table III.TABLE III.-Vaccination Results for the School Year 1956-7 Mantoux 10 T