tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TET2 mutation is an independent favorable prognostic factor in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs)
Authors: Olivier Kosmider, Véronique Gelsi-Boyer, Meyling Cheok, Sophie Grabar, Véronique Della-Valle, Françoise Picard, Franck Viguié, Bruno Quesnel, Odile Beyne-Rauzy, Eric Solary, Norbert Vey, Mathilde Hunault-Berger, Pierre Fenaux, Véronique Mansat-De Mas, Eric Delabesse, Philippe Guardiola, Catherine Lacombe, William Vainchenker, Claude Preudhomme, François Dreyfus, Olivier A. Bernard, Daniel Birnbaum, Michaëla Fontenay
Journal: Blood (2009)
Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Pathological Study of 63 Serial Liver Biopsies from 17 Patients with Special Reference to the Diagnostic Features and Natural History of Rejection†
Authors: Dale C. Snover, Richard K. Sibley, Deborah K. Freese, Harvey L. Sharp, Joseph R. Bloomer, John S. Najarian, Nancy L. Ascher
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

The histopathological features of orthotopic liver transplants were evaluated in 63 serial biopsy specimens from 17 patients. Biopsies were taken at the time of insertion of the liver (six biopsies), at the time of development of liver function abnormalities (11 biopsies) and as follow-up to previously abnormal biopsies (46 biopsies). The biopsies taken at the time of insertion all showed diffuse hepatocellular ballooning with confluent areas of necrosis in one case. Biopsies taken at the time of onset of rejection (nine cases) all showed a mixed portal inflammatory infiltrate, bile duct damage and central or portal vein endothelialitis (i.e., attachment of lymphocytes to the vein endothelium). Follow-up biopsies showed several patterns including: (i) resolution of changes of acute rejection with subsequent development of recurrent acute or chronic rejection (four cases); (ii) prolonged acute rejection simulating extrahepatic biliary obstruction (four cases); (iii) prolonged acute rejection with predominance of eosinophils simulating a drug reaction (one case); and (iv) rapidly progressive acute rejection leading to death (one case). Biopsy of the transplanted liver at the time of transplantation is useful to provide a baseline for comparison with later biopsies. Biopsy at the time of onset of changes in liver function is essential to confirm the presence of rejection prior to alteration of immunosuppression.
Interleukin 12 and Th1 responses in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: F PALLONE, G MONTELEONE
Journal: Gut (1998)

Immune phenomena are believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of tissue damage in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.1 2 Although some of the immunological perturbations seem to be shared by Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, there are important distinguishing features, possibly reflecting different pathways of immune mediated intestinal inflammation. Evidence indicates that macrophage and T cell derived cytokines play a key role in the amplification and perpetuation of the inflammatory response in both disorders.3 No aberrant cytokine secretion has been documented in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and no convincing evidence has as yet been provided that cytokine changes occur as a result of disease specific immune activation. However, a number of quantitative changes in the secretion and/or activity of both proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines have been reported in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Based on variation in the magnitude of these changes there seem to be different cytokine profiles into which the inflammatory process may fall during the course of the disease. Studies from murine models indicate that two T lymphocyte subsets may be defined depending on their cytokine secretion profiles: Th1 lymphocytes producing interleukin (IL) 2 and interferon γ (IFN-γ), and Th2 lymphocytes producing IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10. When taken together all available data from both …
Platelets release mitochondria serving as substrate for bactericidal group IIA-secreted phospholipase A2 to promote inflammation
Authors: Luc H. Boudreau, Anne-Claire Duchez, Nathalie Cloutier, Denis Soulet, Nicolas Martin, James Bollinger, Alexandre Paré, Matthieu Rousseau, Gajendra S. Naika, Tania Lévesque, Cynthia Laflamme, Geneviève Marcoux, Gérard Lambeau, Richard W. Farndale, Marc Pouliot, Hind Hamzeh-Cognasse, Fabrice Cognasse, Olivier Garraud, Peter A. Nigrovic, Helga Guderley, Steve Lacroix, Louis Thibault, John W. Semple, Michael H. Gelb, Eric Boilard
Journal: Blood (2014)
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Inhibition of Interleukin-1β Decreases Aneurysm Formation and Progression in a Novel Model of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm”
Authors: William F. Johnston, Morgan Salmon, Nicolas H. Pope, Akshaya Meher, Gang Su, Matthew L. Stone, Guanyi Lu, Gary K. Owens, Gilbert R. Upchurch, Gorav Ailawadi
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Following the trail from COX-2 to clotting
Authors: Hema Bashyam
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

![Graphic][1] 

A COX-2 inhibitor (right) increases the expression of tissue factor (red) in heart vessels (arrows). On page 

[2053][2], Ghosh et al. reveal how antiinflammatory COX-2 inhibitors cause dangerous cardiac side effects. COX-2, they find, is needed to shut off an important
Sip1 regulates sequential fate decisions by feedback signaling from postmitotic neurons to progenitors
Authors: Eve Seuntjens, Anjana Nityanandam, Amaya Miquelajauregui, Joke Debruyn, Agata Stryjewska, Sandra Goebbels, Klaus-Armin Nave, Danny Huylebroeck, Victor Tarabykin
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2009)
BARIUM MEAL IN ROENTGENOLOGY
Authors: S. A. Levey
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I note the interesting communication of Dr. H. T. Summersgill (The Journal, July 12, p. 139), regarding the use of barium sulphate and malted milk. in gastro-intestinal roentgenography. I have also noticed the condition in several instances. It is true, however, that I have not noticed the extremely severe after-effects which Dr. Summersgill has reported. In the cases I have observed, there was a marked gastric distention, which was followed by nausea and belching, and, in one case, by vomiting. This was followed by severe diarrhea, which lasted about twenty-four hours. Later, I tried giving another barium meal to two of these patients. In one case, I used buttermilk as the base; and in the other, a mucilage of acacia formula. There was absolutely no difficulty experienced following these mixtures. Since then I have not attempted the use of malted milk in those cases which exhibit emaciation,
Bioabsorbable drug eluting stent: winner or sinner?
Authors: P. Meier
Journal: BMJ (2013)

No more effective than regular drug eluting stents, and potentially less safe 

In pooled analyses of randomised trials, two linked papers (doi:10.1136/bmj.f6625; doi:10.1136/bmj.f6530) compare intracoronary stents, with a particular focus on the latest development—drug eluting stents with biodegradable polymer.1 2 The development of bare metal coronary stents in 1986 was a milestone in the treatment of coronary artery disease. It overcame serious limitations of plain balloon angioplasty, such as high rates of restenosis, vessel recoil, and impaired coronary flow owing to local dissections. However, these stents were associated with a high risk of restenosis—10-20%.3 The introduction of drug coated stents, using antimitotic agents, reduced the restenosis rate by about half.3 First generation drug eluting stent became available in 2003. 

After the initial excitement, however, studies showed worrying signals of an increased risk of stent thrombosis for drug eluting stents, especially late events. Antimitotic drugs can impair the re-endothelialisation of the stent,4 and late stent thromboses may be related to the polymer used to attach the drug to the stent (possibly an allergic reaction). Drug eluting stents with a bioabsorbable polymer were therefore developed with the aim that once all the antimitotic drug had been released and the …
Urticaria Due to Drugs of the Digitalis Series
Authors: Leroy S. Wolfe, Arthur J. Geiger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

IN 1936 Romano and Geiger1 described a case in which eosinophilia was evidently attributable to digitalis medication, and reference was made to two similar previous reports.2 , 3 The familiar nausea, vomiting and diarrhea accompanying digitalis administration are generally regarded as local or systemic toxic expressions of digitalis excess and may sometimes represent an idiosyncrasy but not an atopic reaction to the drug. In fact, true allergy to digitalis or allied drugs has rarely been documented, but Cohen and Brodsky4 reported a convincing case and reviewed the scant medical literature on the subject in 1940. The case described below appears to have . . .
Splenic Syndrome at Mountain Altitudes in Sickle Cell Trait
Authors: Peter A. Lane
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Six consecutive cases of splenic syndrome at mountain altitudes in persons with sickle cell trait are reported and the literature is reviewed. All six cases occurred in men who experienced the acute onset of severe left-upper-quadrant abdominal pain within 48 hours of arrival in Colorado from lower altitudes. All six patients were phenotypically nonblack. Three patients experienced their symptoms at moderate altitudes of 1,609 to 2,134 m (5,280 to 7,000 ft) above sea level. All recovered with medical management and none required splenectomy, although functional hyposplenia was a sequela in at least one patient. The possibility that nonblack persons with sickle cell trait may be at greater risk than black persons with sickle cell trait for the development of splenic syndrome at moderate altitude is discussed. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:2251-2254)
Venous Graft Surgery in Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: D. Ross, R. Sutton, J. Dow, L. Gonzalez-Lavin, G. Hendrix, K. Jefferson, L. McDonald, M. Petch, C. Smithen, E. Sowton
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Sixty-seven patients have had aortocoronary venous graft bypass surgery by one surgeon for the relief of symptoms of severe coronary heart disease, including eight emergency operations. The overall operative, hospital, and late mortality was low in patients with favourable myocardial function and no previous myocardial infarction. There was a 7% mortality in patients with a normal preoperative chest radiogram, 8% mortality when the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was normal preoperatively, and a 5% mortality in patients who had normal left ventricular angiograms. The overall mortality in all elective operations for cardiac pain resistant to medical treatment was 15·8%. 89% of survivors improved; 67% are pain-free. Exercise tolerance in survivors is increased by 135%, atrial pacing results are improved by 10%. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure is unchanged. Left ventricular function on angiography is improved. The improvement in left ventricular function assessed objectively correlates positively with vein-graft patency, as does freedom from angina pectoris.
Clinical Lecture on Two Cases of Malarial Neuritis with Tremors
Authors: Alex. James
Journal: BMJ (1897)

THE ordinary forms of malaria, the fever-quotidian, tertian, or quartan, we occasionally have examples of in our wards, and there still more frequently we see also the more remote effects of the malarial poison-the aneemia, and the organic changes in spleen, liver, and kidney.But, as you all know'
LEFT ATRIAL FUNCTION AFTER THE MAZE PROCEDURE AND THE OCCURRENCE OF THROMBOEMBOLIC STROKE
Authors: Yonatan Buber, David Luria, Leonid Sternik, Ehud Raanani, Micha S. Feinberg, Osnat Gurevich, Eyal Nof, Michael Eldar, Michael Glikson, Rafael Kuperstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Fatigue in inflammatory bowel diseases: Relationship with age and disease activity
Authors: Gianluca Pellino, Guido Sciaudone, Violetta Caserta, Giuseppe Candilio, G Serena De Fatico, Silvana Gagliardi, Isabella Landino, Marta Patturelli, Gabriele Riegler, Ester Livia Di Caprio, Silvestro Canonico, Paolo Gritti, Francesco Selvaggi
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
Huntingtin-interacting protein 1 is overexpressed in prostate and colon cancer and is critical for cellular survival
Authors: Dinesh S. Rao, Teresa S. Hyun, Priti D. Kumar, Ikuko F. Mizukami, Mark A. Rubin, Peter C. Lucas, Martin G. Sanda, Theodora S. Ross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Huntingtin-interacting protein 1 (HIP1) is a cofactor in clathrin-mediated vesicle trafficking. It was first implicated in cancer biology as part of a chromosomal translocation in leukemia. Here we report that HIP1 is expressed in prostate and colon tumor cells, but not in corresponding benign epithelia. The relationship between HIP1 expression in primary prostate cancer and clinical outcomes was evaluated with tissue microarrays. HIP1 expression was significantly associated with prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Conversely, primary prostate cancers lacking HIP1 expression consistently showed no progression after radical prostatectomy. In addition, the expression of HIP1 was elevated in prostate tumors from the transgenic mouse model of prostate cancer (TRAMP). At the molecular level, expression of a dominant negative mutant of HIP1 led to caspase-9-dependent apoptosis, suggesting that HIP1 is a cellular survival factor. Thus, HIP1 may play a role in tumorigenesis by allowing the survival of precancerous or cancerous cells. HIP1 might accomplish this via regulation of clathrin-mediated trafficking, a fundamental cellular pathway that has not previously been associated with tumorigenesis. HIP1 represents a putative prognostic factor for prostate cancer and a potential therapy target in prostate as well as colon cancers.
Eye experts condemn restrictions on cataract surgery in England
Authors: S. Wedgwood
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Bodies representing experts in eye health have warned that primary care trusts’ restrictions on cataract surgery in England are “clinically unsound,” go against government advice, and are putting patients’ health at risk unnecessarily.

The Royal College of Ophthalmologists, College of Optometrists, Optical Confederation, and Local Optical Committee Support Unit have come together to issue a joint statement condemning the practice of denying patients cataract surgery unless their visual acuity has deteriorated below a certain level, by which time they may not be able to lead normal lives.1

In addition, there have been reports that patients with cataracts in both …
Meta-analysis: Atorvastatin reduces CV events and increases new-onset diabetes in patients with coronary disease
Authors: Sanjum S. Sethi, Michael E. Farkouh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Waters DD, Ho JE, Boekholdt SM, et al. Cardiovascular event reduction versus new-onset diabetes during atorvastatin therapy: effect of baseline risk factors for diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61:148-52. 23219296
Clinical efficacy of topical docosanol 10% cream for herpes simplex labialis: A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Stephen L. Sacks, Ronald A. Thisted, Terry M. Jones, Rick A. Barbarash, Dennis J. Mikolich, Gary E. Ruoff, Joseph L. Jorizzo, Lucy B. Gunnilla, David H. Katz, M.H. Khalil, Phillip R. Morrow, Gerald J. Yakatan, Laura E. Pope, James E. Berga
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2001)
Long QT syndrome
Authors: D. J Abrams, M. A Perkin, J. R Skinner
Journal: BMJ (2010)

#### Case scenario 

A 19 year old female student consulted her general practitioner about two recent episodes of syncope, both of which occurred while playing hockey. Her team mates reported that she collapsed suddenly with little warning, recovering rapidly within 30 seconds without confusion. She was otherwise well, although she was taking erythromycin for an infected leg abrasion at the time of the events. As part of the routine evaluation for syncope, her general practitioner performed a 12 lead electrocardiogram, which showed a prolonged corrected QT interval of 510 ms.

Congenital long QT syndrome is a potential cause of avoidable sudden cardiac death. Affected individuals may have ventricular arrhythmias, leading to palpitations, syncope, and, if sustained, cardiac arrest.1 The syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, with variable disease expression: those severely affected may die in fetal or neonatal life, but others remain asymptomatic throughout their life. At a cellular level, genetically encoded abnormalities in sodium and potassium ion channels within the cell membrane lengthen cardiac repolarisation, which manifests as a prolongation of the QT interval in the electrocardiogram. QT prolongation may be acquired secondary to certain medications, metabolic disturbance, cerebral injury, myocardial disease, and hypothermia—factors that may also unmask the congenital syndrome in a previously asymptomatic individual. 

#### How common is long QT syndrome?

Syncope is highly prevalent in young adults. Among 394 students, 154 reported at least one episode of syncope.4 In a young, fit adult (such as outlined in the scenario box), important differential diagnoses include the most common and benign cause of …
Short- and long-term effects of estrogen and synthetic anabolic hormone in postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: B. Lawrence Riggs, Jenifer Jowsey, Ralph S. Goldsmith, Patrick J. Kelly, David L. Hoffman, Claude D. Arnaud
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

In 29 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, the proportion of total bone surface undergoing resorption or formation was evaluated by microradiography of iliac crest biopsy samples before and after short-term (2½-4 months) and long-term (26-42 months for estrogen and 9-15 months for anabolic hormone) treatment. After estrogen administration, values for bone-resorbing surfaces decreased, although less prominently after long-term than after short-term therapy. The magnitude of this decrease was positively correlated with the pretreatment value for bone-resorbing surfaces (P < 0.001). When the pretreatment value for bone-resorbing surfaces was used as a covariable, estrogen and anabolic hormone appeared to be equally effective. For bone-forming surfaces, short-term therapy with either hormone had no effect but long-term therapy significantly decreased the values. Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (IPTH) increased significantly after estrogen therapy; the change in IPTH was inversely related to the change in serum calcium (P < 0.001, sign test). We conclude that the primary effect of sex hormones in postmenopausal osteoporosis is to decrease the increased level of bone resorption, perhaps by decreasing the responsiveness of bone to endogenous parathyroid hormone. However, this favorable effect, at least in part, is negated after long-term treatment by a secondary decrease in bone formation. Our data are consistent with the concept that the maximal benefit that can be derived from sex hormone therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis is arrest or slowing of the progession of bone loss.
Role for platelet von willebrand factor in supporting platelet‐vessel wall interactions in von willebrand disease
Authors: R. Castillo, G. Escolar, J. Monteagudo, A. Ordinas, M. Garrido, M. Moia, A. B. Federici, P. M. Mannucci
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Twelve infusions of plasma concentrates of von Willebrand factor (vWF) were given to four patients with severe (type III) von Willebrand disease (vWD). Their prolonged bleeding times were either completely or partially corrected after five infusions and had not changed after the remaining seven. In contrast, the low platelet coverage of the subendothelial surface of rabbit aorta perfused with normal washed platelets and red cells resuspended in preinfusion patient plasma was completely or partially corrected in ten instances by replacing preinfusion plasma with postinfusion plasma and remained unchanged in two. Postinfusion improvement in surface coverage was greater than that in bleeding time, suggesting that vWF from normal platelets is needed to support optimal platelet-vessel wall interactions in vWD. This possibility was further explored through other perfusion experiments. The subendothelial surface covered by platelets from an untreated patient with type III vWD (containing no measurable vWF) or from a type IIA vWD patient (containing dysfunctional vWF) resuspended in normal plasma was much smaller than that covered by normal platelets resuspended in normal plasma. These results establish that platelet vWF is important in supporting platelet-vessel wall interactions in vWD and also provide experimental support in favour of the therapeutic transfusion of normal platelets in addition to vWF concentrates to correct the bleeding time in vWD patients.
Chemokine receptor specific for IP10 and mig: structure, function, and expression in activated T-lymphocytes.
Authors: M Loetscher, B Gerber, P Loetscher, S A Jones, L Piali, I Clark-Lewis, M Baggiolini, B Moser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

A human receptor that is selective for the CXC chemokines IP10 and Mig was cloned and characterized. The receptor cDNA has an open reading frame of 1104-bp encoding a protein of 368 amino acids with a molecular mass of 40,659 dalton. The sequence includes seven putative transmembrane segments characteristic of G-protein coupled receptors. It shares 40.9 and 40.3% identical amino acids with the two IL-8 receptors, and 34.2-36.9% identity with the five known CC chemokine receptors. The IP10/Mig receptor is highly expressed in IL-2-activated T lymphocytes, but is not detectable in resting T lymphocytes. B lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes. It mediates Ca2+ mobilization and chemotaxis in response to IP10 and Mig, but does not recognize the CXC-chemokines IL-8, GRO alpha, NAP-2, GCP-2. ENA78, PF4, the CC-chemokines MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, MCP-4, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta. RANTES, 1309, eotaxin, nor lymphotactin. The exclusive expression in activated T-lymphocytes is of high interest since the receptors for chemokines which have been shown so far to attract lymphocytes, e.g., MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and RANTES, are also found in monocytes and granulocytes. The present observations suggest that the IP10/Mig receptor is involved in the selective recruitment of effector T cells.
Long-term glycemic control and the rate of progression of early diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Richard E. Gilbert, Con Tsalamandris, Leon A. Bach, Sianna Panagiotopoulos, Richard C. O'Brien, Terri J. Allen, Ian Goodall, Val Young, Ego Seeman, Robin M.L. Murray, Mark E. Cooper, George Jerums
Journal: Kidney International (1993)