tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of acetylcholine, ischemia, and anoxia on rat heart purine cyclic nucleotides and contractility.
Authors: J G Dobson
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The effects of acetylcholine, ischemia, and anoxia on myocardial cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP were investigated in isolated rat hearts perfused under either constant flow (14 ml/min) or constant pressure (100 cm H,O) conditions with physiological saline gassed with 95% O,-5% COj.In paced, constant flow-perfused hearts, cyclic GMP increased from a control of 35 to 62 fmol/mg protein and remained elevated, while dP/dt, an index of contractility, decreased only transiently from 2,650 to 1,750 mm Hg/sec then returned toward control levels during the first 2 minutes of 1 pM acetylcholine.In paced, constant pressure-perfused hearts, the acetylcholine caused a persistent decrease in dP/dt and a transient increase in coronary perfusate flow, followed by a marked decrease in flow.Reduction of coronary perfusion to one-half control flow and ischemia (termination of perfusion) increased cyclic GMP from 43 to 85 and 127 fmol/mg protein, respectively.Anoxia (perfusion with physiological saline gassed with 95% Nj-5% COi) did not produce a significant change in cyclic GMP.Neither atropine nor Indomethacln at 10 fiM prevented the increase in cyclic GMP produced by ischemia, but the musearinic blocking agent did block the increase caused by acetylcholine.Cyclic AMP increased from a control of 3.8 to 6.0 pmol/mg protein with anoxia and to 12.8 pmol/mg protein with 1 /iM isoproterenol, but was not affected by acetylcholine or ischemia.Myocardial lactate increased significantly only with ischemia.Ca-free perfusion for 1 minute partially blocked the increase in cyclic GMP caused by ischemia, but did not prevent the acetylcholine-induced increase in the cyclic nucleotide.These results indicate: (1) that there is not always an inverse relationship between myocardial cyclic GMP and contractility and (2) that limitation of coronary perfusion augments cardiac cyclic GMP by a mechanism^) that is independent of acetylcholine but largely dependent on external Ca l+ .
Abnormal Glomerular Filtration Rate, Renal Plasma Flow, and Renal Protein Excretion in Recent and Short-term Diabetics
Authors: J. Ditzel, K. Junker
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were simultaneously determined in comparable groups of 43 diabetics less than 40 years of age and with a duration of diabetes less than 10 years and 32 control subjects. The average glomerular filtration rate in the diabetic group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P &lt;0·01). The average renal plasma flow in the diabetic group was found to be significantly lower than that in the control group (P &lt;0·05). The filtration fraction in both male and female diabetics was significantly higher than in the male and female control groups (P &lt;0·001). These changes were found to be present even in recent juvenile diabetics with disease of a duration of less than one year. No correlation was apparent between the average levels of serum growth hormone and glomerular filtration rate. The urinary protein excretion was determined in 36 diabetic and 38 healthy subjects comparable with regard to glomerular filtration rate. In the diabetic group there was a greater frequency of cases with higher protein excretion rates (P &lt;0·02). The average protein excretion rate was increased even in diabetics with less than one year9s duration of the disease. The results of the changes in renal haemodynamics in subjects with recent and short-term diabetes are compatible with the presence of a constrictive state of the vas efferens leading to an increase in the filtration pressure. The increase in protein excretion rate may similarly be a consequence of this process or of an increase in the glomerular permeability with augmented molecular sieving of proteins or both.
TCT-43 Impact Of Intraaortic Balloon Pump On 30-Day Mortality In Cardiogenic Shock AMI Patients With Unsuccessful And Successful Primary PCI - Analysis From PL-ACS Registry
Authors: Mariusz Gasior, Marek Gierlotka, Michal Hawranek, Damian Pres, Wiktor Kuliczkowski, Piotr Knapik, Zbigniew Kalarus, Marian Zembala, Lech Polonski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
European court confirms governments have autonomy over drug prices
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The European Court of Justice has reaffirmed that European Union member states have broad authority to reduce drug prices to protect the financial stability of public healthcare insurance schemes.

The court’s ruling, issued 2 April, concerns price cuts ordered in 2005-6 by the Italian Medicines Agency, the body responsible for monitoring the costs of drug and medicinal products borne by the Italian National Health Service. The service acts as a public health insurer, ensuring that all Italians receive medical care and drugs. The drug price cuts, including a 5% across the board reduction just months after previous selective cuts were made because drug costs were exceeding budget limits.

Drug companies, including Italian subsidiaries of global …
High Prevalence of Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) Among Indians
Authors: Viswanathan Mohan, Ambady Ramachandran, Chamukuttan Snehalatha, Rema Mohan, Gopalan Bharani, Moopil Viswanathan
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

This article describes the high prevalence of maturity-onset diabetes in the young (MODY) in an Indian clinic population of diabetic patients. MODY appears to be more common among Indians than among Caucasians. Only 27% of MODY patients had definite autosomal-dominant inheritance. In 73% the mode of inheritance was not definite. Microvascular complications were common and macrovascular complications rare. The high prevalence of MODY in this diabetes clinic might suggest an ethnic variation in diabetes.
Patients with polymyalgia rheumatica had a 2.6-fold increased risk for vascular events at a median 7.8 y
Authors: Roland Staud
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club20 January 2015Patients with polymyalgia rheumatica had a 2.6-fold increased risk for vascular events at a median 7.8 yRoland Staud, MDRoland Staud, MDUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA (R.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-162-2-012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationHancock AT, Mallen CD, Muller S, et al. Risk of vascular events in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. CMAJ. 2014;186:E495-501. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25070989Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Geriatrics: Rheumatology: References1. Weyand CM, Hunder NN, Hicok KC, Hunder GG, Goronzy JJ. HLA-DRB1 alleles in polymyalgia rheumatica, giant cell arteritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1994;37:514-20. [PMID: 8147928] Google Scholar2. Gran JT, Myklebust G, Wilsgaard T, Jacobsen BK. Survival in polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis: a study of 398 cases and matched population controls. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2001;40:1238-42. [PMID: 11709607] Google Scholar3. Dasgupta B, Cimmino MA, Kremers HM, et al. 2012 provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:943-54. [PMID: 22389040] Google Scholar4. Hancock AT, Mallen CD, Belcher J, Hider SL. Association between polymyalgia rheumatica and vascular disease: a systematic review. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012;64:1301-5. [PMID: 22514197] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA (R.S.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 January 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 January 2015Volume 162, Issue 2Page: JC12KeywordsAge groupsDatabasesGiant cellsHyperlipidemiaHypertensionMedical risk factorsPolymyalgia rheumaticaPrimary careSpecificityStatistical models ePublished: 20 January 2015 Issue Published: 20 January 2015 CopyrightCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Irrigation of Renal Pelvis
Authors: Carl A. Olsson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Jenny et al (240:1378, 1978) leaves me with some disquieting questions and comments. The case discussed was that of a paraplegic man with bilateral renal calculi who, after "conservative management" with renal pelvic irrigation to dissolve obstructing calculi, had development of severe respiratory depression from hypermagnesemia. This was suspected to be the result of the absorption of the irrigating solution from the renal pelvis. The ability to dissolve retained stone fragments in a safe and effective fashion after incomplete surgical removal was presented by Nemoy and Stamey inThe Journal(215:1470, 1971). However, in that article as well as a subsequent publication in the<i>Journal of Urology</i>,<sup>1</sup>the aforementioned authors stated clearly that an absolute contraindication to the use of irrigation management for retained stone fragments is the presence of a urinary tract infection. There was a clearly described protocol, consisting of a
Hyperthyroid Crisis-Reply
Authors: Stephen R. Newmark
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We thank Doctors Green and Graham for their comments. Although the total body pool of thyroxine is approximately 500μg to 800μg, we have been reluctant to give a comatose patient more levothyroxine sodium than 200μg to 250μg as an intravenous bolus because of the disposal rate of thyroxine which is about 10% in 24 hours and the possibility of an accumulation of the hormone. We have had a few patients in whom cardiac arrhythmias developed at higher doses, which, of course, may also have occurred had lower doses been administered. This is interesting, as we have not encountered problems with relatively higher doses of liothyronine sodium. The responses probably reflect different disposal rates and patient sensitivity to thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T<sub>3</sub>). As thyroxine probably does have biological activity not dependent on conversion to T<sub>3</sub>,<sup>1</sup>the more prolonged exposure to levothyroxine after high intravenous dosage may
Judge bans hepatitis C test kits
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The sale of kits that are widely used throughout the NHS for testing blood for the presence of hepatitis C virus was banned by a High Court judge in Britain last week. He held that a Californian biotechnology company effectively owns the patent on hepatitis C virus, which it discovered in 1987.

The permanent ban on kits made by Murex Diagnostic Laboratories and Organon Teknika follows a ruling last May by Mr Justice Aldous that the kits infringed a patent on the virus owned by Chiron Corporation. Murex, a British company, and Organon, a …
Using Information and Communication Technology in Healthcare
Authors: Nancy M. Lorenzi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Medical Writings: Book Notes19 November 2002Using Information and Communication Technology in HealthcareNancy M. Lorenzi, PhD and Lisa MillerNancy M. Lorenzi, PhDInformatics Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee.Search for more papers by this author and Lisa MillerInformatics Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-10-200211190-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Tyrrell S. 176 pages. Oxford, United Kingdom: Radcliffe Medical Pr; 2002. £19.95. ISBN 1857754697. Order at www.radcliffe-oxford.com.Field of medicine: Computer application.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Health practitioners and users of information and communication technology (ICT) in health care.Purpose: To explain various ICTs in a user-friendly manner, enabling readers to understand and gain confidence to effectively use the technology.Content: This book explains that the information in health care loses meaning unless it is conveyed in a timely, reliable, and safe manner and that the success of communication technology depends on the manner in which information is presented. The ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Informatics Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 November 2002Volume 137, Issue 10Page: 858KeywordsCommunication in health careComputer networksComputersComputing systemsDatabasesForecastingHealth careHealth information technologyInformation technologyTelemedicine ePublished: 19 November 2002 Issue Published: 19 November 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE USE OF MENTHOL IN DISEASES OF THE UPPER AIR-PASSAGES
Authors: FRANK HAMILTON POTTER
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by Freezing
Authors: Gerald D. Dorman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article, "Leishmaniasis in the United States," (226:872, 1973) was of interest to me as I had leishmaniasias of the Mediterranean type at the age of ten in Beirut, Lebanon. My case was cured by the application of carbon dioxide snow (dry ice) to each lesion on my right wrist, dorsum of left hand, center forehead, and right lower jaw. Application lasted 30 to 90 seconds. A blister developed within a few hours after application and dried; later, the scab fell off, leaving a faint scar. An American dermatologist, Dr. Adams, developed the successful treatment. The treatment has no systemic reaction (as is sometimes found with chemotherapy) and can be administered on an outpatient basis. I think this procedure should not be lost to our armamentarium.
Role of low-density lipoprotein receptor in the hepatitis C virus life cycle
Authors: Anna Albecka, Sandrine Belouzard, Anne Op de Beeck, Véronique Descamps, Lucie Goueslain, Justine Bertrand-Michel, François Tercé, Gilles Duverlie, Yves Rouillé, Jean Dubuisson
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles are known to be in complex with lipoproteins. As a result of this interaction, the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) has been proposed as a potential entry factor for HCV; however, its implication in virus entry remains unclear. Here, we reinvestigated the role of the LDLR in the HCV life cycle by comparing virus entry to the mechanism of lipoprotein uptake. A small interfering RNA targeting the LDLR in Huh-7 cells reduced HCV infectivity, confirming that this receptor plays a role in the life cycle of HCV generated in cell culture. However, kinetics of internalization were much faster for lipoproteins than for infectious HCV particles. Furthermore, a decrease in HCV RNA replication was observed by blocking the LDLR with a specific antibody, and this was associated with an increase in the ratio of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine in host cells. Nevertheless, a soluble form of the LDLR inhibited both HCV entry into the hepatocytes and its binding to the LDLR expressed on Chinese hamster ovary cells, suggesting a direct interaction between the HCV particle and the LDLR. Finally, we showed that modification of HCV particles by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) reduces HCV infectivity and increases HCV binding to LDLR. Importantly, LPL treatment also induced an increase in RNA internalization, suggesting that LDLR, at least in some conditions, leads to nonproductive internalization of HCV. Conclusion : The LDLR is not essential for infectious HCV particle entry, whereas the physiological function of this receptor is important for optimal replication of the HCV genome. (Hepatology 2012)
A Technique for the Preparation of Tc-99m Red Blood Cells for Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Authors: ANTHONY R. BENEDETTO, MARTIN L. NUSYNOWITZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Tc-99m labeled red blood cell (RBC) preparations are gaining wide acceptance in the diagnosis and localization of gastrointestinal bleeding. A major requirement of the radiopharmaceutical is that the percentage of Tc-99m attached to red cells in the injected dose must be extremely high, since free pertechnetate is secreted into the gastrointestinal tract and may obscure a bleeding site. We have developed a combined in vivo/in vitro labeling procedure which is simple and rapid, and which enables the administration of substantial amounts of RBC-bound Tc-99m and minimizes the amount of unbound technetium present. The technique is readily utilizable in any nuclear medicine clinic and requires no investigative pharmaceuticals.
Physiology of the vellus hair follicle: hair growth and sebum excretion
Authors: U. BLUME, J. FERRACIN, M. VERSCHOORE, J.M. CZERNIELEWSKI, H. SCHAEFER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

The growth of vellus hair and the secretion of sebum from vellus hair follicles were measured on the forehead, cheek, chest, shoulder and back of healthy men and women aged 15-30 years. Hair growth was assessed by computerized image-analysis of photographs and sebum excretion by the use of Sebutape followed by image analysis. The density of vellus hairs and the percentage of growing hairs were higher on the face than on the thorax (439 hairs/cm2 with 49% growing hairs on the forehead compared with 85 hairs/cm2 with 31.5% growing hairs on the back). The rate of growth ranged from 0.03 mm/day on the forehead to 0.13 mm/day on the back. The maximum length of vellus hair significantly decreased with age; otherwise hair growth was not affected by age or sex. Some variations in hair growth and sebum secretion were observed over a period of 3 months, but no consistent rhythms were detected. There was no obvious link between vellus hair growth and sebum excretion.
Battles continue over DES use in fattening cattle
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Federal investigators are uncovering widespread disregard of the Food and Drug Administration's ban on use of diethylstilbestrol (DES) to help slaughter animals gain weight (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 242:1010, 1979). In the meantime, alternative compounds for this purpose are under study. The FDA officials say the illegal use of DES so far involves more than 420,000 cattle, some 30,000 of which already have been slaughtered. Some violators may be prosecuted, and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) is increasing surveillance to prevent further violations. The FDA and the USDA contend that "DES is a known carcinogen in both animals and humans" and that "DES residues have been found in animals intended for human food." All this results from an FDA decision of about a year ago in which the agency declared the following: Effective July 13, 1979, DES was not to be manufactured or shipped. (Some manufacturers since have filed suit,
Standardising outcome measures using z scores
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Researchers investigated if a shared care obesity management programme reduced body mass index (BMI) and related outcomes in obese children. A randomised controlled study design was used. Intervention consisted of general practice surveillance for childhood obesity, followed by obesity management across primary and tertiary care settings using a shared care model. Intervention was delivered over one year. Control consisted of "usual care." Participants were children aged 3-10 years with a BMI above the 95th centile for their age and sex. A total of 118 children were recruited through their general practice and randomised to intervention (n=62) or control (n=56).1 The main outcome was BMI. Measurements of BMI were transformed to z scores. Secondary outcome measures included body fat percentage, waist circumference, physical activity, quality of diet, and health related quality of life. At the end of follow-up, there was no significant difference between treatment groups in BMI (adjusted mean difference −0.1 (95% confidence interval −0.7 to 0.5; P=0.7)) and BMI z score (−0.05 (−0.14 to 0.03); P=0.2). No evidence of a significant difference was found for any secondary outcome. It was concluded the shared care model of primary and tertiary care management had no effect on BMI and related outcomes in obese children. Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
Sports-related injuries in elderly men still active in sports.
Authors: M Kallinen, M Alén
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1994)

By means of a questionnaire with a complementary interview and physical examination, the site and nature of sports injuries were investigated over a 10-year period (1977-1987) in 97 elderly athletes (age range 70-81 years). The athletes were still active in training and competition with a mean competition background of 15 years. Of the subjects studied 30 were strength/power athletes and the remaining 67 endurance athletes. Altogether we found 273 sports-related injuries (169 acute and 104 overuse injuries). Of the injuries 75% had occurred in the lower extremities. The most commonly injured part of the body was the knee (20% of all cases). Sprains of the thigh and knee were the most frequent types of acute injury. In most cases the treatment prescribed was rest and physiotherapy. Surgery had been necessary in ten cases (3.7% of all injuries). Mean withdrawal from normal sporting activity had, in general, been 2-3 weeks. Of the injuries, one in five had, however, lasted over several years causing some disability during sporting activities.