tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rapid Identification of Parathyroid Adenoma by Angiography
Authors: James Edward Brown
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ACCURATE preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas is difficult. The use of angiography in hyperparathyroidism was reported by Seldinger<sup>1</sup>in 1954. In hyperparathyroid crisis, localization and removal of the tumor is essential to the survival of the patient. We describe a patient with hyperparathyroid crisis in whom preoperative localization of a parathyroid adenoma was effected by selective angiography. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 50-year-old man had been well until approximately three weeks before admission, at which time somnolence, vertigo, and chest pain developed. He was admitted to an outlying hospital, where a diagnosis of hypertension was made and therapy was begun. The patient's condition worsened, and he was transferred to Methodist Hospital, New Orleans, on March 28, 1972. There was no history of hypertension. The patient was obese (127 kg [280 lb]), short (1.6 meters [5 ft 3 in]), and appeared fatigued and dehydrated. The blood pressure was 170/110 mm Hg
Immunization Program for Adults
Authors: Jack W. Hickman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

INTERNISTS are good at such things as performing detailed physical examinations and solving complex diagnostic problems, but often they are not so good when it comes to providing an immunization program for their patients. Pediatricians, on the other hand, usually are very good at providing and documenting a complete immunization program for their patients. The discrepancy between these practices is most noticeable when the medical care of a young adult is switched from a pediatrician to an internist. If the person has been under the care of a family practitioner (ie, general practitioner), a change of physician may not be needed, but for many young people, such a change occurs when they go away to college. The practice of most internists is basically illness-oriented; recent interest voiced in preventive medicine has not changed this to any large extent. There have been statements recently that the internist is a "primary care
Primary Gleason Grade 4 at the Positive Margin Is Associated with Metastasis and Death Among Patients with Gleason 7 Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Boyd R. Viers, William R. Sukov, Matthew T. Gettman, Laureano J. Rangel, Eric J. Bergstralh, Igor Frank, Matthew K. Tollefson, R. Houston Thompson, Stephen A. Boorjian, R. Jeffrey Karnes
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Effects of adenosine deaminase and A1 receptor deficiency in normoxic and ischaemic mouse hearts
Authors: L WILLEMS, M REICHELT, J MOLINA, C SUN, J CHUNN, K ASHTON, J SCHNERMANN, M BLACKBURN, J HEADRICK
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) may be multifunctional, regulating adenosine levels and adenosine receptor (AR) agonism, and potentially modifying AR functionality. Herein we assess effects of ADA (and A1AR) deficiency on AR-mediated responses and ischaemic tolerance.Normoxic function and responses to 20 or 25 min ischaemia and 45 min reperfusion were studied in isolated hearts from wild-type mice and from mice deficient in ADA and/or A1ARs.Neither ADA or A1AR deficiency significantly modified basal contractility, although ADA deficiency reduced resting heart rate (an effect abrogated by A1AR deficiency). Bradycardia and vasodilation in response to AR agonism (2-chloroadenosine) were unaltered by ADA deficiency, while A1AR deficiency eliminated the heart rate response. Adenosine efflux increased 10- to 20-fold with ADA deficiency (at the expense of inosine). Deletion of ADA improved outcome from 25 min ischaemia, reducing ventricular diastolic pressure (by 45%; 21+/-4 vs. 38+/-3mm Hg) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) efflux (by 40%; 0.12+/-0.01 vs. 0.21+/-0.02 U/g/min ischaemia), and enhancing pressure development (by 35%; 89+/-6 vs. 66+/-5mm Hg). Similar protection was evident after 20 min ischaemia, and was mimicked by the ADA inhibitor EHNA (5 microM). Deletion of ADA also enhanced tolerance in A1AR deficient hearts, though effects on diastolic pressure were eliminated.Deficiency of ADA does not alter sensitivities of cardiovascular A1 or A2ARs (despite markedly elevated [adenosine]), but significantly improves ischaemic tolerance. Conversely, A1AR deficiency impairs ischaemic tolerance. Effects of ADA deficiency on diastolic pressure appear solely A1AR-dependent while other ARs or processes additionally contribute to improved contractile recovery and reduced cell death.
Health at Home Means Watching the Global Village
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

THE SLOGAN of the environmental movement, "Think globally, act locally," could be appropriated by physicians and others concerned about immigrants who carry infections endemic in their native lands as part of their personal baggage. Given the unprecedented reach of microbes through immigration and other factors such as travel and importation of foreign goods, physicians are discovering that they sometimes need to consider relatively exotic possibilities when diagnosing their patients' illnesses. Recent eruptions of deadly infections, such as Zaire's Ebola virus outbreak in May and last September's pneumonic plague epidemic in India, underscore the globalization of infections in a world shrunk by air travel. And while the real and potential risks posed by the influx of immigrants from areas where infections like tuberculosis (TB) and Chagas disease are endemic seem less cataclysmic than the possibility of a "hot zone" epidemic sweeping the planet, the former pose risks substantial enough to prompt
The heuristic value of controversy in science
Authors: Scott O. Lilienfeld
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Ceci et al.'s (2006) findings remind us that tenure rarely serves its intended purpose. I argue that tenure often fails in part because many faculty members possess an insufficient appreciation for the heuristic value of controversy in science and other disciplines. Using two case examples from clinical/personality psychology, I show how controversial positions can draw sharp criticism while facilitating scientific progress.
Screening for Abnormal Haemoglobins: A Pilot Study
Authors: J. Stuart, F. C. M. Schwartz, A. J. Little, D. N. Raine
Journal: BMJ (1973)

A pilot study has been made of the implication of screening for abnormal haemoglobins in immigrant schoolchildren. An abnormality was detected by capillary blood haemoglobin electrophoresis in 8·4% of 6,835 children and a haemoglobinopathy outpatient clinic had to be established to deal with the heavy work load which resulted. The clinic was also used to determine the value of investigating the remaining members of the family once an abnormality had been detected in one child. Healthy siblings with normal haemoglobin electrophoretic patterns and normal iron and folate levels were studied to determine a normal range for haemoglobin in relation to age for adequately nourished immigrant children. The lower limit of the normal range was close to the mean value minus 1½ S.D.; by using this definition 10·3% of 280 children were subsequently found to be anaemic. Population screening of this type is desirable, but further pilot studies of patient education, genetic counselling, organization of specimen collection, data processing, and follow-up health care facilities are required before screening is extended more widely in the United Kingdom.
IMMUNE LYSIS OF NORMAL HUMAN AND PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA (PNH) RED BLOOD CELLS
Authors: Wendell F. Rosse, Robert Dourmashkin, John H. Humphrey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

1. The defects produced on the membrane of the human red blood cell by the action of complement and antibody have been studied by the use of the electron microscope. These are round to slightly ovoid holes and are surrounded by an irregular ring, about 20 A thick. The mean diameter of the holes is about 103 A if human complement is used (regardless of the antibody used for sensitization) and about 88 A if guinea pig complement is used. 2. The holes in normal and PNH red cells appear to be identical, under the same conditions. The membrane defects produced by lysis of PNH cells with acidified normal serum (the Ham's test) are identical to those produced by complement lysis with specific antibody, indicating that complement is undoubtedly the cause of such lysis. 3. Evidence is presented that when human complement acts on human red cells sensitized with anti-I antibody, each complete activation of complement leads to the production of a cluster of holes. This contrasts to the action of guinea pig complement, on sheep cells, each activation of which leads to a single hole. 4. The maximum number of anti-I antibody molecules which can attach to a human red cell (i.e. the minimum number of antigen sites) is about 500,000 for both normal and PNH cells. 5. The number of holes produced during lysis of the PNH cell is the same as that of the normal cell. When all cells are lysed by am excess of C', a mean of about 90,000 holes are present on each membrane. When complement is limited, a larger proportion of PNH cells are lysed due to their peculiar sensitivity to C' but the number of holes on each lysed cell is the same as for normal cells lysed by the same concentration of C'.
Clinical training in the community: a holistic approach
Authors: M. Wharton
Journal: BMJ (1995)

“I'm not interested in general practice. I'm only interested in really ill people.” This comment by a fellow student seemed a sad reflection on hospital based medical education. As medical students clock up the number of heart attacks they see on the wards, I wonder how many reflect on how the patients got there, the personal impact on them, and what will happen to them when they leave.

I am one of the first four students who started the Cambridge community based clinical course in October 1993. As a former school teacher and mature student, I decided to apply despite the potential risks of a new and radical course. I sympathised with the aims of the course and agreed with the educational philosophy of a problem solving approach and self directed learning. The course, which runs parallel with the first 15 months of the clinical course at Addenbrooke's Hospital, was the idea of Dr Nigel Oswald, senior partner in the practice where we are based and a university lecturer in general practice. The other general practitioners, the community midwife, the practice nurses, the health visitor, and the other staff at the health centre all contribute to the project.

We follow through patients we meet in surgeries or on visits. We record …
PFMAGO, a MAGO NASHI-Like Factor, Interacts with the MADS-Domain Protein MPF2 from Physalis floridana
Authors: Chaoying He, Hans Sommer, Britta Grosardt, Peter Huijser, Heinz Saedler
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

MADS-domain proteins serve as regulators of plant development and often form dimers and higher order complexes to function. Heterotopic expression of MPF2, a MADS-box gene, in reproductive tissues is a key component in the evolution of the inflated calyx syndrome in Physalis, but RNAi studies demonstrate that MPF2 has also acquired a role in male fertility in Physalis floridana. Using the yeast 2-hybrid system, we have now identified numerous MPF2-interacting MADS-domain proteins from Physalis, including homologs of SOC1, AP1, SEP1, SEP3, AG, and AGL6. Among the many non-MADS-domain proteins recovered was a homolog of MAGO NASHI, a highly conserved RNA-binding protein known to be involved in many developmental processes including germ cell differentiation. Two MAGO genes, termed P. floridana mago nashi1 (PFMAGO1) and PFMAGO2, were isolated from P. floridana. Both copies were found to be coexpressed in leaves, fruits, and, albeit at lower level, also in roots, stems, and flowers. DNA sequence analysis revealed that, although the coding sequences of the 2 genes are highly conserved, they differ substantially in their intron and promoter sequences. Two-hybrid screening of a Physalis expression library with both PFMAGO1 and PFMAGO2 as baits yielded numerous gene products, including an Y14-like protein. Y14 is an RNA-binding protein that forms part of various "gene expression machines." The function of MPF2 and 2 PFMAGO proteins in ensuring male fertility and evolution of calyx development in Physalis is discussed.
This ethical argument seems irrelevant to the real world
Authors: S. Black
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Sheehan’s core conflict is less concerning than he supposes, as individual GPs are not allocating resources—that will be done by the consortiums, giving GPs a stronger influence but not individual responsibility.1 But rather more concerning is his assumption that “decisions about resource allocation are increasingly being made within a robust system.” The robust system that has persistently allocated …
Occupation and Disease: How Social Factors Affect the Conception of Work-Related Disorders
Authors: Roy L. DeHart
Journal: JAMA (1997)

It is Allard Dembe's contention that physicians are influenced by a wide variety of social factors in considering certain conditions to be occupational diseases. Based on his review of research and available empirical data, Professor Dembe has identified 12 factors that are particularly relevant to understanding how occupational disorders are initially recognized and conceived: new technologies, legal determinants of financial compensation, labor activism, economic instability, public reactions, cultural stereotyping, medical specialization, mass media attention, profit motive of vendors selling prevention and treatment devices, military conflict consequences, political benefit from supporting control of health problems, and high costs for control technology reducing the likelihood of medical recognition of a problem, as there is little chance of amelioration. One of the author's primary objectives is to characterize these factors, describing their complexity and interrelationships as they apply to particular disorders. To make his point, Dembe selects three controversial work-related disorders: cumulative trauma
Periampullary cyst: a surgically remediable cause of pancreatitis.
Authors: I Kalvaria, P C Bornman, A H Girdwood, I N Marks
Journal: Gut (1987)

We report two patients with periampullary cysts associated with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis. In both patients the diagnosis was made preoperatively by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and ERCP, which was also useful in determining the relationship of the cysts to the biliary and pancreatic ductal systems. Simple marsupialisation of the cysts resulted in long term relief of symptoms. Congenital cystic anomalies in the second part of the duodenum should be diligently sought in patients with pancreatitis of unexplained cause, as surgical therapy is safe and effective.
The Progress of Fever Pathology
Authors: H. F. A. Goodridge
Journal: BMJ (1876)

TrHE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL .33 tation, and that the excitability of the parts is not the same in the two sides of the brain as in the rest of the body, then it is very strange that hemiplegia will appear on the one side or the other, according to the mere excitability of the parts.Next to this, there is a fact that I have dwelt upon in a long lecture which I published in the begin- ning of the year, that a disease located on one side of the brain can produce paralysis on the same side.It may be in the medulla ob- longata itself, or in the cerebellum, or in the pons Varohii, or in any other part of the brain.Well, with the old views, it is impossible to understand this unless you admit what has not yet been proved, except in one case to my knowledge, that there is nodecussation of the pyramids; but if we prove that the pyramids are not the channels of the trans-
Continuing Education — Whose Responsibility?
Authors: Wesley W. Spink
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN 1864, the year in which the Boston City Hospital first opened, Dr. William Read was appointed city physician of Boston.1 He was immediately confronted by an epidemic of smallpox. This was controlled by community-wide vaccination. Later, an epidemic of cholera appeared. The solution of this problem was not so clear. Read was of the opinion that cholera was contagious, but this concept was vigorously opposed by his colleagues. However, he was a resourceful person, and he possessed an inquiring mind. To prove his point he reviewed the previous patterns of cholera epidemics in Boston. He went to the library . . .
Reliable quantification of hematopoietic chimerism after allogeneic transplantation for acute leukemia using amplification by real-time PCR of null alleles and insertion/deletion polymorphisms
Authors: A Jiménez-Velasco, M Barrios, J Román-Gómez, G Navarro, I Buño, J A Castillejo, A I Rodríguez, G García-Gemar, A Torres, A I Heiniger
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) - Standard of Care for the Treatment of Acute Attacks in Hereditary Angioedema (HAE): Initial Results of an Ongoing, Prospective, Open Label Study in North America (I.M.P.A.C.T.2)
Authors: T CRAIG, R WASSERMANN, R LEVY, A BEWTRA, D HUREWITZ, C PETERS, P KIESSLING
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Local Cancer Treatment With Fluorouracil
Authors: Robert D. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> It is my considered belief and experience that the local infiltration of fluorouracil (<b>208</b>:536, 1969) in extensive cancers is rarely, if ever, applicable. We have used this technique in small primary and secondary skin cancers to determine if the tumor is sensitive to the agent in a given patient.<sup>1</sup>We saw no objective tumor regressions in this test series to warrant intratumoral therapy. Certainly, large fungating lesions, in my opinion, would be difficult to inject uniformly and are not suitable for this type of therapy. In their case presentation, the dose of fluorouracil was such that the tumor regression might well be due to a systemic effect of the drug. I think the above letter upon which I am commenting could mislead many physicians into using this drug by local injection and result in undue trauma.
Targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 by a cell-penetrating peptide–affibody bioconjugate
Authors: Srinath Govindarajan, Jeyarajan Sivakumar, Prathyusha Garimidi, Nandini Rangaraj, Jerald M. Kumar, Nalam M. Rao, Vijaya Gopal
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Repeated low-dose ultraviolet (UV) B exposures of humans induce limited photoprotection against the immune effects of erythemal UVB radiation
Authors: J. Narbutt, A. Lesiak, A. Sysa-Jedrzejowska, A. Wozniacka, A. Cierniewska-Cieslak, J. Boncela, C. Jochymski, W. Kozlowski, A. Zalewska, M. Skibinska, M. Norval
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Exposure of human subjects to ultraviolet (UV) B radiation causes immunosuppression. Most experiments to date have not tested the effects of low daily doses of UVB radiation.To ascertain whether photoprotection against several UV-induced immune effects might develop following repeated exposure.Groups of approximately 30 healthy individuals were given whole-body UVB irradiation on each of 10 consecutive days with 0.7 minimal erythema dose, or whole-body irradiation as before followed by a single erythemal UVB dose on a small body area, or irradiated only with a single erythemal UVB dose on a small body area, or were not irradiated. They were sensitized with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) 24 h after the final dose, and skin biopsies collected to assess cytokine mRNA expression and the number of cells with thymine dimers and expression cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2.The contact hypersensitivity (CHS) response to DPCP was significantly lower in the three irradiated groups compared with the unirradiated controls, while cutaneous interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha mRNAs, COX-1 and COX-2 and thymine dimers were all significantly higher. When the single erythemal UVB dose was given following the repeated low exposures, a slight downregulation in cytokine expression and thymine dimer formation was indicated.The repeated low doses of UVB protected to a limited extent against the effects of an erythemal UVB dose on cytokine expression and thymine dimer formation, but not on CHS or COX enzymes.
Lessons from Hemophilia
Authors: Louis M. Aledort
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Patients with genetic diseases have long presented a therapeutic and financial challenge to the health-care system.1 With the advent of cryoprecipitates of plasma that contain concentrated factor VIII, physicians caring for patients with hemophilia began to explore new ways to manage this chronic disease.1 Comprehensive centers were built on a multidisciplinary approach and linked to community services.1 As patients and families became better educated, they learned self-administration of blood products outside the hospital.1 Many hospitalized patients would then be transferred to an ambulatory setting for medical care. However, since reimbursement was mainly limited to in-hospital care, these programs could not . . .
Unusual Problems in Breast Cancer and a Rare Lung Cancer Case
Authors: Bharat L. Agrawal, Amaresh R. Nath, Thomas P. Glynn, David Velazco, Richard F. Garnett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.11.505 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12784818 Unusual Problems in Breast Cancer and a Rare Lung Cancer Case Case 3. Simultaneous and Synchronous Bilateral Inflammatory Breast Cancer Bharat L. AgrawalxBharat L. AgrawalSearch for articles by this author , Amaresh R. NathxAmaresh R. NathSearch for articles by this author , Thomas P. Glynn JrxThomas P. Glynn JrSearch for articles by this author , David VelazcoxDavid VelazcoSearch for articles by this author , Richard F. Garnett JrxRichard F. Garnett JrSearch for articles by this author Show More Cancer and Blood Disease Center and Reid Hospital and Health Care Services, Richmond, IN https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.11.505 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology