tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in Blood Pressure Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Paul Muntner
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextThe prevalence of overweight among children and adolescents increased between 1988 and 2000. The change in blood pressure among children and adolescents over that time and the role of overweight is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine trends in systolic and diastolic blood pressure among children and adolescents between 1988 and 2000.Design, Setting, and PopulationTwo serially conducted cross-sectional studies using nationally representative samples of children and adolescents, aged 8 to 17 years, from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) conducted in 1988-1994 (n = 3496) and NHANES 1999-2000 (n = 2086).Main Outcome MeasuresSystolic and diastolic blood pressure levels.ResultsIn 1999-2000, the mean (SE) systolic blood pressure was 106.0 (0.3) mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure was 61.7 (0.5) mm Hg. After adjustment for age, mean systolic blood pressure was 1.6 mm Hg higher among non-Hispanic black girls (P = .11) and 2.9 mm Hg higher among non-Hispanic black boys (P&lt;.001) compared with non-Hispanic whites. Among Mexican Americans, girls' systolic blood pressure was 1.0 mm Hg higher (P = .21) and boys' was 2.7 mm Hg higher (P&lt;.001) compared with non-Hispanic whites (P&lt;.001). With further adjustment for body mass index, these differences were attenuated. After age, race/ethnicity, and sex standardization, systolic blood pressure was 1.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6-2.2) mm Hg higher (P&lt;.001) and diastolic blood pressure was 3.3 (95% CI, 2.1-4.5) mm Hg higher in 1999-2000 (P&lt;.001) compared with 1988-1994. With further adjustment for differences in the body mass index distribution in 1988-1994 and 1999-2000, the increase in systolic blood pressure was reduced by 29% and diastolic blood pressure was reduced by 12%.ConclusionsBlood pressure has increased over the past decade among children and adolescents. This increase is partially attributable to an increased prevalence of overweight.
Case of Multiple Exostoses
Authors: G. E. Shuttleworth
Journal: BMJ (1881)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.rDec.i7, i881.come in the admirable instrument recently constructed and exhibited by Dr. Marcet.With regard to the question of whether a further " extension of the disease takes place with extreme rapidity in the dilated, and therefore not quite healthy, lung", my experience differs from the writer's, though the length of time that the Davos treatment has been in use precludes our speaking too confidently of permanent arrest of disease by this method; yet, out of the twenty-two cases given in my table, I could instance several of the early ones who passed the two last severe winters in England without any return of pulmonary symptoms, and entirely without any extension of the disease.Most of them remain under observation, and appear to stand the fitful changes of this vari- able climate remarkably well.The expansion of the chest has been noted by many others besides myself, and was found by Dr. Ruedi to occur at Davos in go per cent. of the patients; and the remarkable fact
Reproducibility and sensitivity to change of four scoring methods for the radiological assessment of osteoarthritis of the hand
Authors: E. Maheu, C. Cadet, S. Gueneugues, P. Ravaud, M. Dougados
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hand could be a relevant model to study the progression of OA in structure-modification trials. Various methods are proposed to assess hand OA and its progression radiologically.To compare intra-reader and inter-reader precision and sensitivity to change of four radiological scoring methods proposed in hand OA.2 trained readers scored separately 105 pairs of radiographs (baseline; year 1), selected from patients enrolled in a randomised controlled trial, for inter-reader reliability and sensitivity to change. They scored twice 60 pairs among the 105 for cross-sectional and longitudinal intra-reader reliability. Radiological hand OA assessment used: global, Kellgren-Lawrence (KL), Kallman and Verbruggen scoring methods. Inter- and intra-reader reliabilities were studied using intraclass coefficient (ICC) and the Bland-Altman method. Sensitivity to change was compared by calculating the standardised response means.Transversal intra-reader reproducibility ICCs ranged from 0.922 to 0.999. Verbruggen ranked the highest, followed by the KL and Kallman methods. Inter-rater reliability was higher for the Verbruggen scores, followed by the KL, global and Kallman scores (ICC 0.706-0.999). Longitudinal intra-reader reliability (baseline; year 1) was better using the Kallman and KL (ICC 0.986 and 0.990), followed by the Verbruggen (0.941) or global methods (0.939). Standardised response means ranged from 0.24 (KL) to 0.29 (Kallman).All four methods compared well with respect to reliabilities. However, the Verbruggen and Kallman methods performed better. The method most sensitive to change was the Kallman method, followed by Verbruggen and global scores. This study also suggests that structural changes could be detected in hand OA over a 1-year period.
A population of Nestin-expressing progenitors in the cerebellum exhibits increased tumorigenicity
Authors: Peng Li, Fang Du, Larra W Yuelling, Tiffany Lin, Renata E Muradimova, Rossella Tricarico, Jun Wang, Grigori Enikolopov, Alfonso Bellacosa, Robert J Wechsler-Reya, Zeng-jie Yang
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2013)
TCTAP A-147 TongXinLuo Protects Human Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Inducing Autophagy via the MEK/ERK Pathway
Authors: Hehe Cui, Xiangdong Li, Na Li, Kang Qi, Qing Li, Chen Jin, Qian Zhang, Leipei Jiang, Yuejin Yang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Hemodynamic and diagnostic implications of myocardial catecholamines in myocarditis and cardiomyopathy: An endomyocardial biopsy study
Authors: Petar Seferovic, Stepan Stepanovic, Miodrag Ostojic, Slavko Simeunovic, Ruzica Maksimovic, James D. Pickett, John M. Lewis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
CORONARY VASOMOTOR DYSFUNCTION, MYOCARDIAL INJURY AND DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITHOUT OVERT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Viviany Taqueti, Venkatesh Murthy, Jon Hainer, Courtney Foster, Ron Blankstein, Sharmila Dorbala, Marcelo Di Carli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Telomere length is an independent predictor of survival, treatment requirement and Richter's syndrome transformation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: D Rossi, C Lobetti Bodoni, E Genuardi, L Monitillo, D Drandi, M Cerri, C Deambrogi, I Ricca, A Rocci, S Ferrero, E Bernocco, D Capello, L De Paoli, L Bergui, M Boi, P Omedè, M Massaia, C Tarella, R Passera, M Boccadoro, G Gaidano, M Ladetto
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
Acute Appendicitis Occurring during the Course of Other Diseases
Authors: Elliott S. Hurwitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE diagnosis of acute appendicitis is usually considered whenever a patient develops symptoms or signs suggesting an acute intra-abdominal inflammatory lesion. There are many contributions dealing with the differential diagnosis of abdominal symptomatology, in which many diseases that mimic appendicitis are enumerated and classified. The inference usually drawn is that laparotomy on the basis of an erroneous diagnosis of acute appendicitis is warranted if some morbid process is encountered to account for the clinical picture, such as a twisted ovarian cyst, inflamed Meckel's diverticulum, regional ileitis, neoplasm, volvulus or intussusception. Emphasis is usually placed, however, on the dangers of operating . . .
Sarcoidosis Progressing to Lymphoma
Authors: FRED ROSENFELT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1983Sarcoidosis Progressing to LymphomaFRED ROSENFELT, M.D., WILLIAM YOUNG, M.D., STUART LONKEY, M.D., BARRY ROSENBLOOM, M.D.FRED ROSENFELT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM YOUNG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STUART LONKEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, BARRY ROSENBLOOM, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-878_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Blayney and associates (1) have recently presented their hypothesis on sarcoidosis and human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus. An etiologic association between sarcoid and a viral or other agent remains to be proved; we recently saw a patient who may be of interest in this regard.A 39-year-old white man presented with a 2-year history of lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltrates. Prior bronchoscopic examination and samples from two open lung biopsies showed nonspecific inflammation and non-caseating granulomas. In addition, samples from two lymph node biopsies showed reactive hyperplasia with non-caseating granulomas. All bacterial, fungal, and tuberculous cultures were negative. In...Reference1. BLAYNEYROHATGIHINES CPW. Sarcoidosis and the human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:409. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: FRED ROSENFELT, M.D.; WILLIAM YOUNG, M.D.; STUART LONKEY, M.D.; BARRY ROSENBLOOM, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Oncology Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA 90048 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLow-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma and Concomitant Extensive Sarcoidlike GranulomasSarcoidosis and immunocytomaSarcoidosis and LymphomaS. MARSH WILLIS, M.D. 1 December 1983Volume 99, Issue 6Page: 878-878KeywordsBacterial culturesBiopsyGranulomasLymph nodesLymphomaPneumoniaSarcoidosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Addiction requires philosophical explanation, not mere redescription
Authors: Christian Perring
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Heyman's model explains the irrationality of addictive behavior, but it does not satisfactorily answer the question of whether this behavior is voluntary because it does not address the issue of the choice of preference functions. Furthermore, although Heyman disconfirms the disease model of addiction, this does not resolve the issue of whether addiction should be classified as a mental illness.
Achieving a good death for all
Authors: J. Ellershaw, S. Dewar, D. Murphy
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A good death for all is now recognised as a priority at societal and political levels. To achieve this goal we need a fundamental shift of emphasis: to train and educate healthcare professionals, to ensure rigorous assessment of new end of life care services that aim to improve quality and choice, and to explore best use of resources.
Tropical Eosinophilia
Authors: Willard Dalrymple
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

TROPICAL eosinophilia is a syndrome common in India and other tropical areas, variably characterized in the acute stage by fever, malaise, night cough, wheezing respirations and pulmonary infiltration on x-ray examination and in the chronic stage by weight loss, fatigue and the same respiratory symptoms. Eosinophilia is consistently present, and arsenotherapy is specific.1 The syndrome may develop after the patient has left the tropics; only a few such cases are reported in the American and British literature, and this communication adds 2 more.2 , 3 With the movement of sizable numbers of people between the United States and tropical countries now common, . . .
Circulating Immune Complexes in Disseminated Gonorrheal Infection
Authors: LESLEY C. WALKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Circulating immune complexes were detected by the Raji-cell radioassay or the C1q solid-phase assay in 13 of 17 patients with disseminated gonococcal infection. In contrast, only three of 20 patients with local gonococcal infection and four of 40 normal persons were positive. The immune complexes were found to be 19S or larger in size, and complement abnormalities suggestive of complement activation showed some correlation with the levels of immune complexes in disseminated gonorrheal infection. These results indicate that in addition to bacterial dissemination, circulating immune complexes may be involved in the pathogenesis of disseminated gonococcal syndrome.
Mentioning the war
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Like service doctors thrown together anywhere we chatted and joked and discovered mutual acquaintances. Routines were undemanding, almost token. Morning newspapers were enjoyed at leisure and lunch often stretched towards afternoon tea.

The hospital was all but empty. We were its temporary staff, reservists on UK duties while our regular colleagues—as they put it—went south. We were briefed. We were ready in our fashion. We waited.

For me it was opportune; there was a novel to revise and this …
Grades, status, and titles
Authors: T. McFarlane
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The weighty matters that exercise medicopoliticians rarely find currency in the junior doctors' mess.But the most important issue facing the profession at present, how to devise and implement a better hospital staff structure, has dominated junior politics recently and is now a frequent topic of conversation.They want a structure that will provide good standards of care for patients, an acceptable lifestyle for those in permanent posts, and training programmes which produce high-quality specialists without excessive wastage among trainees.Not that the average junior burns much midnight oil devising staff structures-his concerns are more immediate and personal.
Sustained Whole-Body Functional Rescue in Congestive Heart Failure and Muscular Dystrophy Hamsters by Systemic Gene Transfer
Authors: Tong Zhu, Liqiao Zhou, Satsuki Mori, Zhong Wang, Charles F. McTiernan, Chunping Qiao, Chunlian Chen, Dao Wen Wang, Juan Li, Xiao Xiao
Journal: Circulation (2005)

The success of muscular dystrophy gene therapy requires widespread and stable gene delivery with minimal invasiveness. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of systemic delivery of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors carrying human delta-sarcoglycan (delta-SG) gene in TO-2 hamsters, a congestive heart failure and muscular dystrophy model with a delta-SG gene mutation.A single injection of double-stranded AAV serotype 8 vector carrying human delta-SG gene without the need of any physical or pharmaceutical interventions achieved nearly complete gene transfer and tissue-specific expression in the heart and skeletal muscles of the diseased hamsters. Broad and sustained (>12 months) restoration of the missing delta-SG gene in the TO-2 hamsters corrected muscle cell membrane leakiness throughout the body and normalized serum creatine kinase levels (a 50- to 100-fold drop). Histological examination revealed minimal or the absence of central nucleation, fibrosis, and calcification in the skeletal muscle and heart. Whole-body functional analysis such as treadmill running showed dramatic improvement, similar to the wild-type F1B hamsters. Furthermore, cardiac functional studies with echocardiography revealed significantly increased percent fractional shortening and decreased left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions in the treated TO-2 hamsters. The survival time of the animals was also dramatically extended.Systemic gene transfer of delta-SG by the AAV serotype 8 vector could effectively ameliorate cardiac and skeletal muscle pathology, profoundly improve cardiac and whole-body functions, and significantly prolong the lifespan of the treated TO-2 hamsters.
Failure of Centers for Disease Control Criteria to Identify Hepatitis B Infection in a Large Municipal Obstetrical Population
Authors: Maureen M. Jonas, Eugene R. Schiff, Mary J. O'sullivan, Maria De Medina, K. Rajender Reddy, Lennox J. Jeffers, Tamara Fayne, Kathryn C. Roach, Bernard W. Steele
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has recommended screening pregnant women from high-risk populations for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). To assess the adequacy of the risk criteria, all women presenting for delivery to a large municipal hospital were screened. Sera from 5356 women were tested, and questionnaires designed to identify women at high risk were completed by 78% of these patients. Sixty-four women were found to be HBsAg seropositive (1.2%). If the CDC criteria had been applied for screening, 30 of the seropositive mothers (47%) would not have been identified. Women from some Latin American and Caribbean countries not recommended for screening were found to have a relatively high prevalence of hepatitis B infection. Reluctance to give a history of venereal disease or illicit drug use may be another factor in the failure of the CDC screening strategy. To achieve effective immunoprophylaxis of newborns, all pregnant women should be screened for HBsAg carriage.
Reduced Neointima Hyperplasia of Vein Bypass Grafts in Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1–Deficient Mice
Authors: Yiping Zou, Yanhua Hu, Manuel Mayr, Hermann Dietrich, Georg Wick, Qingbo Xu
Journal: Circulation Research (2000)

Abstract —Recently, we established a new mouse model of vein graft arteriosclerosis through the grafting of vena cava to carotid arteries. In many respects, the morphological features of this murine vascular graft model resemble those of human venous bypass graft disease. With this model, we studied the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the development of vein graft arteriosclerosis in ICAM-1–deficient mice. Neointimal hyperplasia of vein grafts in ICAM-1 −/− mice was reduced 30% to 50% compared with that of wild-type control animals. Immmunofluorescent analysis revealed that increased ICAM-1 expression was observed on the endothelium and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the grafted veins in wild-type, but not ICAM-1 −/−, mice. MAC-1 (CD11b/18)–positive cells that adhered to the surface of vein grafts in ICAM-1 −/− mice were significantly less as identified with en face immunofluorescence, and these positive cells were more abundant in the intimal lesions of vein grafts in wild-type mice. Furthermore, aortic SMCs cultivated from wild-type mice exhibited high ICAM-1 expression in response to tumor necrosis factor-α. When tumor necrosis factor-α–stimulated SMCs were incubated with mouse spleen leukocytes, the number of cells that adhered to ICAM-1 −/− SMCs was significantly lower than the number that adhered to ICAM-1 +/+ SMCs, which was markedly blocked through pretreatment of leukocytes with the anti–MAC-1 antibody. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that ICAM-1 is critical in the development of venous bypass graft arteriosclerosis, which provides essential information for therapeutic intervention for vein graft disease in patients undergoing bypass surgery.
“Salvage” Surgery for Primary Mediastinal Malignancies: Is it Worthwhile?
Authors: Francesco Petrella, Francesco Leo, Giulia Veronesi, Piergiorgio Solli, Alessandro Borri, Domenico Galetta, Roberto Gasparri, Rosalba Lembo, Davide Radice, Paolo Scanagatta, Lorenzo Spaggiari
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
High-affinity growth hormone (GH)-binding protein (GHBP), body fat mass, and insulin-like growth factor—binding protein-3 predict the GHBP response to GH therapy in adult GH deficiency syndrome
Authors: CornéA.M. Roelen, Hans P.F. Koppeschaar, Wouter R. de Vries, Manorath E. Doerga, Yvonne E.M. Snel, Eduard Bol, Pierre M.J. Zelissen, Jos H.H. Thijssen, Marinus A. Blankenstein
Journal: Metabolism (1999)
Desert island books: The bedtime story
Authors: J. Apley
Journal: BMJ (1976)

APLEYThe child learning to speak "is like a linnet,who must learn his song, but unlike the reed-bunting, who can sing his song perfectly with no need to learn or practise."'Since that is so I was interested in an article by an American teacher on "The Bedtime Story and Language Development."2Of course, reading to children helps them read early; less expected is her claim that it promotes attention and involvement and enhances under- standing.I warm to a teacher with such enthusiasms, but so little is certain in this field.Research psychologists nowadays see nothing amiss in asking a mother to talk to her 2-month-old infant.They can confirm
German hospital's use of trained nurse anaesthetists angers doctors
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The German private hospital group Helios Kliniken has come under harsh criticism for introducing a new system which trains anaesthesia nurses so they can partly substitute for anaesthetists. The model means that one doctor can supervise more than one operation at a time, a practice already common in other European countries like Switzerland and the Netherlands.

In 2005, a young patient had brain damage during an operation in one of the …
Prevention of Rheumatic Fever Recurrences
Authors: E. G. L. Bywaters, G. T. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1958)

<h3>Background</h3> Neurodegeneration is associated with pathogenesis of both multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMOSD). Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a representative neurodegenerative disease, however, whether MS or NMOSD is associated with risk of PD is not known. <h3>Methods</h3> MS and NMOSD cohorts were collected from the Korean National Health Insurance Service between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2017, using International Classification of Diseases 10th revision diagnosis codes and information in the Rare Intractable Disease management programme. The PD incidence rate that occurred after a 1-year lag period was calculated and compared with that of a control cohort matched for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia in a 1:5 ratio. <h3>Results</h3> The incidence rates of PD in patients with MS and NMOSD were 3.38 and 1.27 per 1000 person-years, respectively, and were higher than that of their matched control groups. The adjusted HR of PD was 7.73 (95% CI, 3.87 to 15.47) in patients with MS and 2.61 (95% CI, 1.13 to 6.02) in patients with NMOSD compared with matched controls. In both patients with MS and NMOSD, there were no significant differences in relative risk when stratified by sex, age, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The PD risk was higher in patients with MS and NMOSD compared with healthy controls and was particularly high in patients with MS. Further investigations should be performed to determine the pathophysiology and occurrence of PD in patients with MS and NMOSD.