tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stroke After Aortic Valve Surgery
Authors: Steven R. Messé, Michael A. Acker, Scott E. Kasner, Molly Fanning, Tania Giovannetti, Sarah J. Ratcliffe, Michel Bilello, Wilson Y. Szeto, Joseph E. Bavaria, W. Clark Hargrove, Emile R. Mohler, Thomas F. Floyd, Michael A. Acker, Joseph E. Bavaria, Thomas F. Floyd, Tania Giovanetti, W. Clark Hargrove, Scott E. Kasner, Steven R. Messé, William H. Matthai, Emile R. Mohler, Rohinton J. Morris, Alberto A. Pochettino, Catherine E. C. Price, Sarah J. Ratcliffe, Ola A. Selnes, Wilson Y. Szeto, Y. Joseph Woo, Nimesh D. Desai, John G. Augostides, Albert T. Cheung, C. William Hanson, Jiri Horak, Benjamin A. Kohl, Jeremy D. Kukafka, Warren J. Levy, Thomas A. Mickler, Bonnie L. Milas, Joseph S. Savino, William J. Vernick, Stuart J. Weiss
Journal: Circulation (2014)

The incidence and impact of clinical stroke and silent radiographic cerebral infarction complicating open surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) are poorly characterized.We performed a prospective cohort study of subjects ≥65 years of age who were undergoing AVR for calcific aortic stenosis. Subjects were evaluated by neurologists preoperatively and postoperatively and underwent postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Over a 4-year period, 196 subjects were enrolled at 2 sites (mean age, 75.8±6.2 years; 36% women; 6% nonwhite). Clinical strokes were detected in 17%, transient ischemic attack in 2%, and in-hospital mortality was 5%. The frequency of stroke in the Society for Thoracic Surgery database in this cohort was 7%. Most strokes were mild; the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 3 (interquartile range, 1-9). Clinical stroke was associated with increased length of stay (median, 12 versus 10 days; P=0.02). Moderate or severe stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≥10) occurred in 8 (4%) and was strongly associated with in-hospital mortality (38% versus 4%; P=0.005). Of the 109 stroke-free subjects with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, silent infarct was identified in 59 (54%). Silent infarct was not associated with in-hospital mortality or increased length of stay.Clinical stroke after AVR was more common than reported previously, more than double for this same cohort in the Society for Thoracic Surgery database, and silent cerebral infarctions were detected in more than half of the patients undergoing AVR. Clinical stroke complicating AVR is associated with increased length of stay and mortality.
Human Growth Hormonelike Activity of Ovine Prolactin in Man.
Authors: J. C. Beck
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Human Growth Hormonelike Activity of Ovine Prolactin in Man.J. C. Beck, M.D., F.A.C.P., E. E. McGarry, M.D., F.A.C.P.J. C. Beck, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, E. E. McGarry, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-722_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptGrowth hormone preparations from other than primate sources are biologically inactive in man. Recent chemical, biological, and immunological evidence suggests that human growth hormone is identical or similar to human prolactin. Therefore, the metabolic effect of a purified sheep prolactin preparation was studied in man. Three hypopituitary dwarfs on metabolic balance study were given human growth hormone and, subsequently, sheep prolactin. The sheep prolactin preparation was found to mimic the metabolic action of human growth hormone, producing nitrogen retention, hypercalciuria, and relative impairment of carbohydrate tolerance. One 18-year-old female with a bone age of 12 years and a prepubertal body... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Montreal, Quebec (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByGrowth and Pituitary Hormones 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 722-722KeywordsBoneCarbohydratesGrowth hormoneHuman growth hormoneProlactin Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hepatitis C virus core protein enhances the activation of the transcription factor, Elk1, in response to mitogenic stimuli
Authors: Katsuhiko Fukuda, Katsuya Tsuchihara, Makoto Hijikata, Shuhei Nishiguchi, Tetsuo Kuroki, Kunitada Shimotohno
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Mitogen–activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways play key roles in cell proliferation, transformation of mammalian cells, and the stress response. We and other investigators showed that hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein has an oncogenic potential, but its mechanism has remained unknown. We previously demonstrated that the MAPK–extra–cellular signal—regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)–ERK pathway and its downstream target, the serum response element (SRE), is activated in BALB/3T3 cells producing HCV core protein. To elucidate the precise mechanism by which HCV core protein activates the MEK–ERK pathway, we transiently expressed HCV core protein in several cell lines and studied the signal transduction of the pathway, using Gal4–Elk1 luciferase assay, in vitro kinas assay of MAPK, and Western blotting analysis. We discovered that, in the presence of mitogenic signal, HCV core protein enhanced Elk1 activation working downstream of MEK without affecting ERK activity and Elk1 phosphorylation. Our data suggest that HCV core protein may activate Elk1 through a pathway alternative to the typical phosphorylation cascade. These findings might give new insights into the role of HCV in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Resection of Primary Mediastinal Non-Seminomatous Germ Cell Tumors: A 28-Year Experience at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Authors: Inderpal S. Sarkaria, Manjit S. Bains, Shelly Sood, Camelia S. Sima, Victor E. Reuter, Raja M. Flores, Robert J. Motzer, George J. Bosl, Valerie W. Rusch
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Promotion of Good Health-Reply
Authors: S. Edwards Dismuke
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Rinsler has raised an important point about the difference in reduction and avoidance of disease and the promotion of health as he globally defines it. However, we believe that the first step toward good health promotion is education in the avoidance of risk factors for disease. In our own practice of primary care, we use many of Dr Rinsler's "tools" for health promotion. Unfortunately, many of these techniques are not well studied. The use of the "health hazard appraisal," for instance, has been shown to have serious potential flaws.<sup>1,2</sup> Although the future of health promotion appears bright, physicians should approach it as they have approached other areas of medical practice, with enthusiasm and rigorous scientific evaluation.
THE GYROMELE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF STOMACH AND INTESTINAL DISEASES.
Authors: FENTON B. TURCK
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The gyromele (revolving sound) is a flexible steel cable, terminating in a more flexible steel spiral end. This spiral end is provided with a metallic pellet, and covered by a sponge, lamb's wool or cotton. The sound is fastened in a revolving apparatus—not unlike a surgeon's drill. After introduction into an accessible cavity of the body, if the revolving apparatus is put in motion, the rotations of the cable cause vibrations of varying degree which, being transmitted through the tissues, are perceived externally by means of auscultation and palpation.<sup>1</sup> Cables of different caliber and length have been devised in order to obtain cables of different degrees of flexibility and elasticity, which considerably broadens the scope of usefulness of the gyromele, especially for diagnostic purposes.<sup>4</sup>But it is not only the extraordinary adaptability, flexibility and elasticity which enable the instrument to enter cavities hitherto inaccessible, but the rotary motion
O138 PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL OF LIVER DIRECTED GENE THERAPY WITH rAAV5-PBGD IN ACUTE INTERMITTENT PORPHYRIA: PRELIMINARY SAFETY DATA
Authors: D. D'Avola, E. López-Franco, P. Harper, A. Fontanellas, N. Grosios, B. Sangro, A. Henrichson, F. Salmon, C. Fuertes, S. Abecia, A. Pañeda, M. Paz, M.E. Cornet, M.D.M. Municio, I. Troconiz, C. Kaeppel, R. Juan, C. von Kalle, M. Schmidt, H. Petry, G. Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza, R. Enriquez de Salamanca, J. Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
CONGENIC MOUSE STRAINS: THE EXPRESSION OF A HIDDEN IMMUNOGLOBULIN ALLOTYPE IN A CONGENIC PARTNER STRAIN OF BALB/c MICE
Authors: Melvin J. Bosma, Gayle C. Bosma
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

This paper derives from the unexpected observations of the "wrong immunoglobulin allotype" in a congenic partner strain of BALB/c mice from the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR CB-17). These mice were specially bred so as not to differ from BALB/c mice in any known way except to carry immunoglobulin structural genes of the C57BL/Ka allotype. In this respect, ICR CB-17 mice were defined as allotypically homozygous according to the Mendelian inheritance of mouse allotype markers. The homozygosity of these mice was challenged, however, when in certain instances immunoglobulins of the BALB/c allotype appeared in the serum of some ICR CB-17 mice. The appearance of this hidden allotype was usually transient and only associated with immunoglobulins of the IgG (IgG2a) class. The implications of these findings for the inheritance and expression of immunoglobulin structural genes are discussed.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study of Intravenous Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Prochymal) After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Joshua M. Hare, Jay H. Traverse, Timothy D. Henry, Nabil Dib, Robert K. Strumpf, Steven P. Schulman, Gary Gerstenblith, Anthony N. DeMaria, Ali E. Denktas, Roger S. Gammon, James B. Hermiller, Mark A. Reisman, Gary L. Schaer, Warren Sherman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
TC-99m HMPAO Brain SPECT Findings in Pediatric Viral Encephalitis
Authors: CHIA-HUNG KAO, SHYH-JEN WANG, SUK-CHUN MAK, WEN-JYE SHIAN, CHING-SHIANG CHI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Two children were diagnosed with viral encephalitis, due to Epstein-Barr virus infection in one case and to herpes simplex virus infection in the other. Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT was arranged to detect changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) secondary to viral encephalitis. During the acute episode, Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT showed that the two cases had increased rCBF. After the acute episode, follow-up brain SPECT was arranged 6 months later. The rCBF in one case was restored to normal on the second brain SPECT, and that in the other case was decreased. The child with normal rCBF in the follow-up brain SPECT had better learning ability and intelligence than the other child with decreased rCBF.
A smac mimetic reduces TNF Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)-induced invasion and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma cells
Authors: Christian D. Fingas, Boris R. A. Blechacz, Rory L. Smoot, Maria E. Guicciardi, Justin Mott, Steve F. Bronk, Nathan W. Werneburg, Alphonse E. Sirica, Gregory J. Gores
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells paradoxically express tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a death ligand that, failing to kill CCA cells, instead promotes their tumorigenicity and especially the metastatic behaviors of cell migration and invasion. Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (smac) mimetics are promising cancer therapeutic agents that enhance proapoptotic death receptor signaling by causing cellular degradation of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins. Our aim was to examine the in vitro and in vivo effects of the smac mimetic JP1584 in CCA. Despite JP1584-mediated loss of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis-1 (cIAP-1) and cIAP-2, TRAIL failed to induce apoptosis in KMCH-1, TFK-1, and BDEneu CCA cells; a finding consistent with a downstream block in death signaling. Because cIAP-1 and cIAP-2 also promote nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation by the canonical pathway, the effect of JP1584 on this signaling pathway was examined. Treatment with JP1584 inhibited TRAIL-induced NF-κB activation as well as TRAIL-mediated up-regulation of the NF-κB target gene, matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7). JP1584 also reduced TRAIL-mediated CCA cell migration and invasion in vitro. Finally, in a syngeneic rat orthotopic CCA model, JP1584 administration reduced MMP7 messenger RNA levels and extrahepatic metastases. Conclusion: Although the smac mimetic JP1584 does not sensitize cells to apoptosis, it reduces TRAIL-induced CCA cell metastatic behavior. These data support the emerging concept that IAPs are prometastatic and represent targets for antimetastatic therapies. Hepatology 2010
Oncofetal long noncoding RNA PVT1 promotes proliferation and stem cell-like property of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by stabilizing NOP2
Authors: Fang Wang, Ji-Hang Yuan, Shao-Bing Wang, Fu Yang, Sheng-Xian Yuan, Chen Ye, Ning Yang, Wei-Ping Zhou, Wen-Lin Li, Wen Li, Shu-Han Sun
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Many protein-coding oncofetal genes are highly expressed in murine and human fetal liver and silenced in adult liver. The protein products of these hepatic oncofetal genes have been used as clinical markers for the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and as therapeutic targets for HCC. Herein we examined the expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) found in fetal and adult liver in mice. Many fetal hepatic lncRNAs were identified; one of these, lncRNA-mPvt1, is an oncofetal RNA that was found to promote cell proliferation, cell cycling, and the expression of stem cell-like properties of murine cells. Interestingly, we found that human lncRNA-hPVT1 was up-regulated in HCC tissues and that patients with higher lncRNA-hPVT1 expression had a poor clinical prognosis. The protumorigenic effects of lncRNA-hPVT1 on cell proliferation, cell cycling, and stem cell-like properties of HCC cells were confirmed both in vitro and in vivo by gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Moreover, mRNA expression profile data showed that lncRNA-hPVT1 up-regulated a series of cell cycle genes in SMMC-7721 cells. By RNA pulldown and mass spectrum experiments, we identified NOP2 as an RNA-binding protein that binds to lncRNA-hPVT1. We confirmed that lncRNA-hPVT1 up-regulated NOP2 by enhancing the stability of NOP2 proteins and that lncRNA-hPVT1 function depends on the presence of NOP2. Our study demonstrates that the expression of many lncRNAs is up-regulated in early liver development and that the fetal liver can be used to search for new diagnostic markers for HCC. LncRNA-hPVT1 promotes cell proliferation, cell cycling, and the acquisition of stem cell-like properties in HCC cells by stabilizing NOP2 protein. Regulation of the lncRNA-hPVT1/NOP2 pathway may have beneficial effects on the treatment of HCC.
Perception, inference, and the veridicality of natural constraints
Authors: Manish Singh, Donald D. Hoffman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Pylyshyn's target article argues that perception is not inferential, but this is true only under a narrow construal of inference. A more general construal is possible, and has been used to provide formal theories of many visual capacities. This approach also makes clear that the evolution of natural constraints need not converge to the “veridical” state of the world.
Experts Debate Food Stamp Revision
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

IF POOR PEOPLE can't buy enough food to eat, let them eat food supplements. So says a bill before Congress that would allow those who receive food stamps to use them for buying vitamins and minerals. While supported by the food supplement industry and a minority of nutrition experts, the move to change the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Stamp Program is opposed by many health leaders and organizations that monitor hunger in the nation's children. Among the opposition are the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Heart Association (AHA), USDA, and Food Research and Action Center, a national, not-for-profit organization dedicated to eliminating hunger and under-nutrition in the United States. Proponents of House bill HR 1997 (formerly HR 236)—which seeks to amend the definition of food in the Food Stamp Act of 1977 to include vitamin and mineral supplements—argue that, in the interest of better health, poor people should
Folk Medical Beliefs
Authors: ERNEST F. KRUG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 November 1974Folk Medical BeliefsERNEST F. KRUG IIIERNEST F. KRUG IIISearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-5-705 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I was pleased to see the paper by Dr. Loudell Snow on folk medical beliefs (Ann Intern Med81:82-96, 1974). I had engaged in a limited study of sentiments regarding health, disease, and religious belief in a small, rural, black community in North Carolina. With few exceptions, my findings were identical to those of Dr. Snow. One important exception had to do with the hierarchy of healing practitioners. Writes Dr. Snow, "Because the 'medical' doctor gives medicines he or she is in the same class as the herb doctor, the housewife, or the neighbor who happens to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ERNEST F. KRUGIIIAffiliations: University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLocal knowledge and rural mental health reformNerves, worriation, and black women: A community study in the American south 1 November 1974Volume 81, Issue 5Page: 705-706 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cloning of the gene for ocular albinism type 1 from the distal short arm of the X chromosome
Authors: Maria T. Bassi, M. Vittoria Schiaffino, Alessandra Renieri, Filomena De Nigris, Lucia Galli, Mirella Bruttini, Marinella Gebbia, Arthur A.B. Bergen, Richard A. Lewis, Andrea Ballabio
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Tomoscintigraphy for detecting gastrointestinal and medullary thyroid cancers: first clinical results using radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen.
Authors: C Berche, J P Mach, J D Lumbroso, C Langlais, F Aubry, F Buchegger, S Carrel, P Rougier, C Parmentier, M Tubiana
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Transaxial tomoscintigraphy (or single-photon emission computerised tomography) was used to detect secondary deposits of carcinoma in 17 patients who had been injected with iodine-131-labelled monoclonal antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen. Of 17 tumor sites studied by tomoscintigraphy 16 were detected (sensitivity 94%); five sites had a volume smaller than 10 cm3. Tomoscintigraphy also detected three unknown tumour deposits later confirmed by surgery or radiology. In contrast, when 21 tumour sites in the same patients were studied by rectilinear scintigraphy, only nine tumour sites were detected (sensitivity 43%), of which eight had a volume larger than 50 cm3.
Quantitative evaluation of the pattern of shunt flow in the right ventricle and pulmonary artery of dogs with experimental ventricular septal defect.
Authors: M Nakai, T Tomino, Y Goto, J Yamamoto, Y Matsui, T Togawa, K Ogino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Cineangiographic studies in patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) have occasionally demonstrated that part of the blood across the defect is ejected immediately into the pulmonary artery (PA) passing through the outflow tract of the right ventricle (RV), but without being trapped in it. We attempted to make a quantitative evaluation of the flow of a partial shunt pathway (a direct VSD-PA pathway) that drains that part of the blood from the defect. Our method depended on a thermal dilution technique to obtain the ejection fraction of the RV and to observe a simultaneous pair of dilution curves at the roots of the aorta and PA after introduction of tracer into the left atrium. An analytical process was specially designed by incorporating a stable one-pass deconvolution technique. The method was applied to eight anesthetized dogs with acutely produced experimental VSD on the entrance of the outflow tract of the RV. The flow through the direct VSD-PA pathway was, in most cases, greater than 50 and up to 85% (mean of the eight, 57 +/- 5% SE) of the total left-to-right shunt flow. This would imply that less than 50%, and down to as little as 15%, of the total amount of shunt flow contributed to extra work of the RV in these cases. In addition, the impact on the pulmonary vasculature due to such a large amount of pulsatile flow through the direct VSD-PA pathway may accelerate the development of hypertrophy of the pulmonary vessel wall.
Reply to Mustafa Aldemir and Abdullah Erdem Canda’s Letter to the Editor re: Per-Uno Malmström, Richard J. Sylvester, David E. Crawford, et al. An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of the Long-Term Outcome of Randomised Studies Comparing Intravesical Mitomycin C versus Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol 2009;56:247–56
Authors: Per-Uno Malmström, Richard Sylvester
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Value of computed tomography for selecting patients with bullous lung disease for surgery.
Authors: M D Morgan, D M Denison, B Strickland
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Computed tomography and lung function tests were performed on 43 patients who had evidence on the chest radiograph suggesting bullous emphysema. After computed tomography scan two groups of patients could be identified. Twenty patients had generalised emphysema, which was locally worse in the area of the suspected bulla; and 23 had well defined bullae, which were potentially operable. Results of lung function tests did not distinguish between the two groups. The volume and ventilation of the true bullae were measured by computed tomography and this confirmed that most of them did not contribute to ventilation (residual volume (RV)/total capacity (TLC) bulla = 89% (SD 10%). The patients with true bullae were considered suitable for surgery but only 12 had an operation. All the patients who underwent surgery survived and had a symptomatic improvement, which was accompanied by objective increases in spirometric volumes and by reductions in static lung volumes; there were no improvements in carbon monoxide transfer or blood gas tensions. It is concluded that computed tomography used alone can identify bullae that are amen-able to surgery and can measure their volume and ventilation. The surgical removal of such clearly identified bullae is safe and associated with symptomatic and functional improvement even when the preoperative FEV1 is less than 1 litre. This improvement is likely to be a consequence of reduction in lung volume and may not necessarily be associated with relief of compressed peribullous lung or the removal of dead space.