tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessing ethics of trials in systematic reviews
Authors: Michael A Weingarten, Mical Paul, Leonard Leibovici
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Routine assessment may improve ethical standards and overall quality of trials Our awareness of the requirements for ethical clinical research has increased over the past century.Research ethics committees were set up after the Declaration of Helsinki to review research proposals.Many journals now require a statement that ethical approval has been obtained before they consider a research report for publication.Nevertheless, many published studies do not come up to standard, or at least do not report that they do.For example, 30 out of 37 consecutive studies published in five general paediatric journals did not report whether informed consent was obtained.Twenty four of them did not report whether the committee on research ethics had approved the study. 1 We propose that systematic reviews of experimental clinical research on humans should also include information on the ethical standards of the trials.
Sinus rhythm control in atrial fibrillation: Outcomes from a controlled long-term ablation study
Authors: Carlo Pappone, Salvatore Rosario, Gluseppe Augello, Alessia Pappone, Patrizio Mazzone, Simone Gulletta, Mario Pittalis, Gabriele Paglino, Gabriele Vicedomini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
INCREASED EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE AS A PREDICTOR OF CORONARY LOW DENSITY PLAQUE, USING 64-MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Toshiharu Oka, Hideya Yamamoto, Eiji Kunita, Hiroto Utsunomiya, Ryo Yamazato, Norihiko Ohashi, Toshiro Kitagawa, Takenori Okada, Tomoki Shokawa, Yukiko Nakano, Hiroki Teragawa, Futoshi Tadehara, Takafumi Ishida, Jun Horiguchi, Yasuki Kihara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Dental Disease Among 14-year-old London School-children in 1947 and 1950
Authors: M. Mellanby, H. Mellanby
Journal: BMJ (1952)

eIUTISH 7MEDICAL JOURN.uLcells, can be poured through glass wool, to which the polymorphs adhere.The filtrate has only to be lightly centrifuged to obtain lymphocytes-alive if suitably handled.Do these cells carry the essential properties required by the hypotheses ?If so, under what circum- stances ?Similarly, many more experiments need to be performed before the explanation of the various types of "antibody" found in asthma can be regarded as "being on a scientific basis." SummaryProtein sensitization in man is a suitable subject for scientific study, especially when reinforced by animal experiments.Two main types-the asthma-urticaria and the tuberculin-trichophytin type-are considered and contrasted.Some of the methods of controlling sensitization reactions are discussed.Tentative hypotheses suggesting further experimental work are outlined.
Native American Physician Incorporates Tradition Into Mainstream Medical Care
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Spatial Distribution of Lobular in Situ Mammary Carcinoma
Authors: Perry A. Lambird
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Detection of lobular in situ mammary carcinoma (LIS) requires microscopic study of the breast. To improve the yield of necessarily blind biopsies, we plotted the spatial distribution of LIS in nine breasts, eight of which were totally and one partially embedded. Lobular in situ carcinoma is concentrated in the upper quadrants beneath the areolar periphery; 47.8% is found within 5 cm of the nipple. Peripherally, LIS involves radial mammary sectors, often skipping contiguous radii. To detect LIS, all breasts requiring surgery should be entered through a circumareolar incision. Biopsies should be taken routinely of breast tissue lying 3 to 4 cm from the nipple in an arc perpendicular to radii from the nipple, sampling all upper-quadrant duct systems. With proper tissue processing in pathology laboratories, such biopsies should detect LIS, if present, with more than 90% success.
US Supreme Court to review “partial birth abortion” law
Authors: Janice Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The US Supreme Court has agreed to hear the government's appeal of lower court rulings that prevented enforcement of a federal law banning “partial birth abortion,” the procedure in which a fetus is partially delivered vaginally and then destroyed. The court will hear arguments on the appeal in October, just before mid-term elections, in which all Representatives and some Senators are up for election or re-election. A decision is expected at a later date.

The case might lead to the end of most abortions in the United States. Abortion became legal in the US with the Supreme Court's Roe v Wade decision in 1973.

Congress passed the law banning partial birth abortion in November 2003, and it was signed …
A3669G polymorphism of glucocorticoid receptor is a susceptibility allele for primary myelofibrosis and contributes to phenotypic diversity and blast transformation
Authors: Valentina Poletto, Vittorio Rosti, Laura Villani, Paolo Catarsi, Adriana Carolei, Rita Campanelli, Margherita Massa, Myriam Martinetti, Gianluca Viarengo, Alberto Malovini, Anna Rita Migliaccio, Giovanni Barosi
Journal: Blood (2012)
Lev and Lenègre Diseases
Authors: GEORGE NIKOLIC
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1983Lev and Lenègre DiseasesGEORGE NIKOLIC, M.B., B.S.GEORGE NIKOLIC, M.B., B.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-3-414_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Perhaps I may be able to help Dr. Perry (1) with the following points on the Lev and Lenègre "syndromes." Jean Lenègre, of the Hôpital Boucicaut in Paris, described progressive fibrosis of the ventricular conduction system in a series of articles published in French in the 1950s; his first and major reference in English appeared in 1964 (2).Maurice Lev, of the University of Miami, saw a similar sclerodegenerative process, often with calcification, in an older age group (3). Both processes are manifested as fascicular conduction defects shown in the electrocardiogram, somewhat more rapidly progressing toward complete...References1. PERRY R. The Lev and LeNegre syndromes [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:932. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LENEGRE J. Etiology and pathology of bilateral bundle branch block in relation to complete heart block. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1964;6:409-44. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LEV M. Anatomic basis of atrioventricular block. Am J Med. 1964;37:742-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. DIANZUMBASINGERMEYERSBARRESIBELICSMITH SDSVNJ. Lenegre's disease in youth. Am Heart J. 1977;94:479-85. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. ROSENBAUMELIZARILAZZARI MMJ. The Hemiblocks. Oldsmar, Florida: Tampa Tracings; 1970:136. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Woden Valley Hospital Woden, A.C.T. Australia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAN OVERVIEW OF CLINICAL ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY 1 March 1983Volume 98, Issue 3Page: 414-414KeywordsAge groupsElectrocardiographyFibrosis Issue Published: 1 March 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
New aspects of airway mechanics in pre-term infants
Authors: M. Henschen, J. Stocks, I. Brookes, U. Frey
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

High-frequency respiratory impedance data measured noninvasively by the high-speed interrupter technique (HIT), particularly the first antiresonance frequency ( f ar,1 ), is related to airway wall mechanics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and repeatability of HIT in unsedated pre-term infants, and to compare values of f ar,1 from 18 pre-term (post-conceptional age 32–37 weeks, weight 1,730–2,910 g) and 18 full-term infants (42–47 weeks, 3,920–5,340 g). Among the pre-term infants, there was good short-term repeatability of f ar,1 within a single sleep epoch (mean ( sd ) coefficient of variance: 8 (1.7)%), but 95% limits of agreement for repeated measures of f ar,1 after 3–8 h were relatively wide (−41 Hz; 37 Hz). f ar,1 was significantly lower in pre-term infants (199 versus 257 Hz), indicating that wave propagation characteristics in pre-term airways are different from those of full-term infants. The present authors suggest that this is consistent with developmental differences in airway wall structure and compliance, including the influence of the surrounding tissue. Since flow limitation is determined by wave propagation velocity and airway cross-sectional area, it was hypothesised that the physical ability of the airways to carry large flows is fundamentally different in pre-term than in full-term infants.
Development of colonic sodium transport in early childhood and its regulation by aldosterone.
Authors: H R Jenkins, T R Fenton, N McIntosh, M J Dillon, P J Milla
Journal: Gut (1990)

Aldosterone is important in the regulation of sodium conservation by both kidney and colon. In the very preterm neonate marked urinary salt wasting occurs because of immature renal tubular function, but little is known of the ontogeny of colonic transport processes. Using an in vivo rectal dialysis technique, we have shown that in the human infant the colon has well developed salt conserving mechanisms from early in the last trimester of gestation and that aldosterone is an important regulatory hormone. Sodium transport mechanisms in the colon appear to develop before those in the kidney and it is possible that the colon is the major organ of sodium conservation in the preterm neonate.
In vivo demonstration of red cell-endothelial interaction, sickling and altered microvascular response to oxygen in the sickle transgenic mouse.
Authors: D K Kaul, M E Fabry, F Costantini, E M Rubin, R L Nagel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Intravascular sickling, red cell-endothelium interaction, and altered microvascular responses have been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology of human sickle cell disease, but have never been demonstrated under in vivo flow. To address this issue, we have examined a transgenic mouse line, alphaHbetaSbetaS-Antilles [betaMDD] which has a combined high (78%) expression of beta S and beta S-Antilles globins. In vivo microcirculatory studies using the cremaster muscle preparation showed adhesion of red cells, restricted to postcapillary venules, in transgenic mice but not in control mice. Electron microscopy revealed distinct contacts between the red cell membrane and the endothelium surface. Some red cells exhibiting sickling were regularly observed in the venular flow. Infusion of transgenic mouse red cells into the ex vivo mesocecum vasculature also showed adhesion of mouse red cells exclusively in venules. Under resting conditions (pO2, 15-20 mmHg), there were no differences in the cremaster microvascular diameters of control and transgenic mice; however, transgenic mice showed a drastic reduction in microvascular red cell velocities (Vrbc) with maximal Vrbc decrease (> 60%) occurring in venules, the sites of red cell adhesion and sickling. Local, transient hyperoxia (pO2, 150 mmHg) resulted in striking differences between control and transgenic mice. In controls, oxygen caused a 69% arteriolar constriction, accompanied by 75% reduction in Vrbc. In contrast, in transgenic mice, hyperoxia resulted in only 8% decrease in the arteriolar diameter and in 68% increase in VrBC; the latter is probably due to an improved flow behavior of red cells as a consequence of unsickling. In summary, the high expression of human sickle hemoglobin in the mouse results not only in intravascular sickling but also red cell-endothelium interaction. The altered microvascular response to oxygen could be secondary to blood rheological changes, although possible intrinsic differences in the endothelial cell/vascular smooth muscle function in the transgenic mouse may also contribute. These sickle transgenic mice could serve as a useful model to investigate vasoocclusive mechanisms, as well as to test potential therapies.
PSC-IBD: a unique form of inflammatory bowel disease associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: E V Loftus
Journal: Gut (2004)

Inflammatory bowel disease associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC-IBD) may have a high prevalence of rectal sparing, backwash ileitis, and colorectal neoplasia.To describe the clinical features and outcomes of PSC-IBD and compare these to a group of chronic ulcerative colitis (CUC) patients.The medical records of all patients with PSC-IBD evaluated at the Mayo Clinic Rochester between 1987 and 1992 were abstracted for information on endoscopic and histological features, colorectal neoplasia, surgery, and other clinical outcomes. Patients referred for colorectal neoplasia and those who did not undergo colonoscopy with biopsies were excluded. A control group of CUC patients matched for sex, duration of IBD at first clinic visit, and calendar year of first clinic visit was identified, and similar information was abstracted.Seventy one PSC-IBD patients and 142 CUC patients without PSC were identified. Rectal sparing and backwash ileitis were more common in the PSC-IBD group (52% and 51%, respectively) than in controls (6% and 7%, respectively). Overall, colorectal neoplasia developed in 18 cases and 15 controls, including 11 cancers (seven cases and four controls). An increased risk of colorectal neoplasia or death was not detected in a matched analysis. Although the cumulative incidence of colorectal neoplasia was higher in cases (33%) than in controls (13%) at five years, this was of borderline statistical significance (p=0.054, unmatched log rank test). Overall survival from first clinic visit was significantly worse among cases (79% v 97%) at five years (p<0.001, unmatched log rank test).PSC-IBD is frequently characterised by rectal sparing and backwash ileitis. Colorectal neoplasia develops in a substantial fraction and overall survival is worse. PSC-IBD may represent a distinct IBD phenotype.
Evaluation of Allergies in Children with Recurrent Ear and Sinus Infections
Authors: Rafka Chaiban, Chadi A. Makary, Benjamin Addicks, Yesim Yilmaz Demirdag
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)

In children, environmental allergy is one of the factors that may contribute to the development of recurrent or chronic sinusitis and otitis. We aimed to determine the frequency and characteristics of allergies in children with recurrent and/or chronic ENT infections. We reviewed medical records of children who were referred to pediatric allergy and immunology clinic between July 2009 and July 2012 with the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis, recurrent sinusitis, recurrent otitis, and chronic otitis. Patients with cystic fibrosis and anatomic defects were excluded. Allergic evaluation included allergy skin prick test or ImmunoCAP assay for environmental allergens (dust mites, cat, dog, cockroach, pollens, and mold spores) and if indicated for food allergens. Demographic data, including age and sex, and concomitant disorders, including asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy and drug allergy, were recorded. To date, 67 charts were reviewed. Mean age was 6.3 years. Sixty-four patients underwent allergy evaluation by either skin test or blood test. Fifteen patients (23.5%) had positive test: 7 patients for indoor allergens only, 1 patient for outdoor allergens only, and 7 for both indoor and outdoor allergens. Atopic dermatitis and food allergy were more common in allergen-sensitized children and asthma was more common in non allergic children. Allergy evaluation should be considered in children with recurrent or chronic sinus and ear infections.
On the acquisition of a gastroscope.
Authors: H C Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The authenticity of Charcot's original descriptions of hysteria has been questioned in the popular media. None the less, it is still possible to encounter florid forms of hysteria in culturally deprived communities, and to answer Charcot's present day critics we present a selection of patients from Kentucky's Appalachian counties with hysterial neurological disease. Their case histories are contrasted with those Charcot himself described and thereby form a modern commentary on such conditions as la grande hyst?rie, hysteroepilepsy, hystero traumatic monoplegia, and hysterical hemianaesthesia. Introduction Hysteria is present when there is a disproportionate relation of symptoms to disability and a discrepancy between the manifesta? tions and the anatomical and physiological arrangements of the body.1 Caution must be exercised in accepting even the most florid presentations, and hysteria presenting with neurological symptoms may be especially misleading.2 Furthermore, the physician has the added duty to understand why the patient has taken to express himself or herself subconsciously in this manner. The un? expectedly high incidence of hysterical disorders among the underprivileged white community of Kentucky's Appalachian counties is a matter of surprise, matched only by the similarities of these disorders to the original descriptions of Charcot in his clinical lectures on diseases of the nervous system.3 Clinical presentations One of the most startling forms of hysteria that Charcot demonstrated at the Salp?tri?re was la grande hyst?rie, otherwise called hysteria major or hysteroepilepsy with distinctive crises. Freud described la grande hyst?rie as consisting of four phases4: the epileptoid; violent movements; attitudes passionnelles (the hallucinatory phase); and the concluding delirium. According to Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, Lancashire PR1 6PS E M R CRITCHLEY, dm, frcp, consultant neurologist Cardinal Glennon Memorial Hospital for Children, St Louis, Missouri 63104, USA H E CANTOR, md, paediatric neurologist Correspondence to: Dr E M R Critchley. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.129 on Sun, 26 Jun 2016 07:31:53 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
Trauma and mental health of children in Gaza.
Authors: F A Hein, S Qouta, A Thabet, E el Sarraj
Journal: BMJ (1993)

to pay a lot of money for screening for prostatic cancer even though this results in overtreatment and evidence about a possible reduction in the mortality from prostatic cancer is lacking.Therefore the initiation of new studies and extension of current studies must be stopped.A paradoxical situation exists in Belgium.Despite the European guidelines on screening for breast cancer2 the initiation of a national screening programme for breast cancer is discouraged because of insufficient support by the national and regional health authorities.On the other hand, a lot of money is spent on so called pilot projects on screening for prostatic cancer.
In Vivo Cross-Priming of MHC Class I–Restricted Antigens Requires the TAP Transporter
Authors: Alex Y.C Huang, Allen T Bruce, Drew M Pardoll, Hyam I Levitsky
Journal: Immunity (1996)

Recent in vitro evidence suggests two alternative mechanisms by which bone marrow–derived APCs may process exogenous antigens for presentation to CTL in vivo, a phenomenon termed cross-priming. Although in vitro studies have suggested that both TAP-dependent and TAP-independent pathways exist, we have now demonstrated an absolute requirement for a functional TAP for cross-priming to occur in vivo. Bone marrow chimeras reconstituted with marrow from TAP-defective donors develop functional CD8+ CTL, but have APCs with disrupted TAP function. In such chimeras, in vivo priming of naive CTL was observed when antigen was targeted to the ER in a TAP-independent fashion, but cross-priming could not be demonstrated. These results support the TAP-dependent mechanism of cross-priming.
FDA and Drug Shortages
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Taxation of consultants' emoluments
Authors: A I Goodman
Journal: BMJ (1979)

This would perhaps bring home to the DHSS the extent to which the consultants are financ- ing the Health Service by running their own cars.I personally as a consultant manage to run one mini.My wife wonders why I spend all this money running a car for the sake of the NHS when she never has the use of it.I feel that the time has come now for my wife to have the use of our car and to insist that the hospital provides transport when it is needed.