tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF OSSIFICATION OF THE STYLOHYOID LIGAMENT
Authors: BENJAMIN LIPSHUTZ
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Although the occurrence of complete ossification of the second branchial bar (Reichert's cartilage) represented by the styloid process, the stylohyoid ligament and the lesser cornua of the hyoid is not rare, yet the number of well described cases is very small. The specimen of stylohyoid ossification here reported is very, remarkable in the extensiveness of its ossification and in the complete absence of mobility in any part of the osseous chain. It is not an uncommon thing to find segmental ossification of the stylohyoid chain with jointed styloid processes. The condition of the joints between the different pieces, including the lesser cornua, is very uncertain. Dwight states that in many cases it would appear that the joints once present had degenerated, and of seventeen compiled cases there is no single instance in which the hyoid is firmly attached to the chain so that no motion is possible between them. The
Tactile Orotracheal Intubation
Authors: Howard G. Lanham
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> An obese, shortnecked, patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and an old closed tracheostomy suffered a cardiopulmonary arrest postoperatively. Extreme bronchoconstriction made mouth to mouth and bag ventilation difficult. Several attempts to pass an endotracheal tube by the conventional method were unsuccessful. Because the need to intubate the patient was critical, the operator discarded the laryngoscope and, by placing two fingers into the oropharynx and against the epiglottis, easily guided the endotracheal tube into the trachea. Although this may not be the method of choice, it was easily performed in an emergency situation by a person without prior training or experience. Familiarity with the anatomy of the area and knowledge of the complications of intubation are prerequisites. It would seem prudent to reserve the technique for comatose patients. Although the technique is described in the anesthesia literature, it is not widely known.<sup>1,2</sup>The intent of this
A Psychiatric Classification System for Burned Children
Authors: ROSLYN SELIGMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The author proposes a system for the classification of burned children designed to identify children's normal and pathological responses to severe burns and to facilitate research into the prevention of serious psychological complications. The classification system has three main categories, consisting of child-related, burn-related, and environment-related items: these are numerically coded in an order that provides a prognostic assessment. The author hopes that this system will permit the identification of patients who are most in need of psychiatric care during their course of treatment.
Some misunderstandings and misinterpretations about sociobiology and behavior genetics in <i>Lifelines</i> by Steven Rose
Authors: Stephen C. Maxson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Lifelines by Steven Rose is supposed to present a new perspective on biology replacing an emphasis on genes with one on organisms. However, much of the book is a highly biased critique of sociobiology and behavior genetics. Some of the flaws in Rose's description and depiction of these fields are presented and refuted. Also, it would appear that these aspects of the book and many others are, in fact, related more to Rose's perennial concern for the ideology, social origins or social consequences of behavioral biology. These concerns are, I believe based, in part, upon Rose's misunderstandings and misinterpretations of genetics, behavior genetics, and sociobiology.
Human physiologic factors in respiratory uptake of 1,3-butadiene.
Authors: Y S Lin, T J Smith, K T Kelsey, D Wypij
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

1,3-Butadiene (BD), a suspected human carcinogen, is used as the raw material in industries to make synthetic butyl rubber and plastics. Simulation models using experimental animal data have shown that physiologic factors play an important role in the kinetic behavior of BD. However, human data are limited. The aim of this inhalation study was to identify influential human physiologic factors in the respiratory uptake of BD. We recruited 133 healthy volunteers in Boston, Massachusetts, into this study and tested them under an approved human subjects protocol. Each subject was exposed to 2 ppm (4.42 mg/m3) BD for 20 min, followed by purified air for another 40 min. Five exhaled breath samples collected during exposure were used to determine the respiratory uptake of BD, which was defined as absorbed BD (micrograms) per kilogram of body weight during exposure. Although subjects were given identical administered doses (40 ppm x min), there was a wide range of uptake, 0.6-4.9 microg/kg. Of the studied physiologic factors, the blood:air partition coefficient and alveolar ventilation were most significant in determining the respiratory uptake (p < 0.001 for each). In addition, in the multiple regression analysis, females had significantly higher respiratory uptake of BD than males on a weight basis. For all subjects, increasing age and cigarette smoking led to significantly decreased respiratory uptake of BD. The results of this human study are consistent with previous kinetic simulations and animal studies. The findings also suggest that interindividual variation in human physiologic factors that affect the exposure-internal dose relationship should be considered while also exploring exposure-disease associations in future epidemiologic research.
A 64-Year-Old Woman With Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Gordon J. Strewler
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia
Authors: ARTHUR S. PATCHEFSKY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

The clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings in 11 cases of desquamative interstitial pneumonia, as defined by Liebow and associates, are presented. Six of 11 patients had musculoskeletal complaints, and 2 of these patients had abnormal serum antibodies. In 9 of 11 cases there were intranuclear inclusion bodies histologically. In 4 of 12 control cases there were intranuclear inclusion bodies similar to those found in desquamative interstitial pneumonia. It is postulated that the inclusion bodies are not specific for desquamative interstitial pneumonia and do not represent viral particles. Hypersensitivity is suggested as the possible cause of desquamative interstitial pneumonia.
Cochlear Dysfunction in IDDM Patients With Subclinical Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Mauro A S Di Leo, Walter Di Nardo, Stefania Cercone, Amedeo Ciervo, Mauro Lo Monaco, Aldo V Greco, Gaetano Paludetti, Giovanni Ghirlanda
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

To investigate the function of the auditory pathway from the cochlea to the auditory cortex in subjects with IDDM.Brain stem, middle-, and long-latency auditory-evoked responses and evoked otoacoustic emissions were measured in 48 normally hearing IDDM patients and in age- and sex-matched nondiabetic subjects. Peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed by nerve conduction velocity (NCV) at the peroneal and sural nerves. Auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) reflect auditory pathway function within the brain stem; middle-latency responses (MLRs) and long-latency responses (LLRs) originate from the auditory cortex; and evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs) give objective information about preneural, mechanical elements of the cochlear function.A subclinical peripheral neuropathy was found in 12 diabetic patients. We found higher latencies of waves I (t = 4.4, P < 0.0001), III (t = 3.7, P = 0.0004), and V (t = 2.7, P = 0.008) of ABRs in diabetic patients (I: 1.7 +/- 0.13 ms; III: 3.9 +/- 0.17 ms; V: 5.7 +/- 0.24 ms), compared with those of the control group (I: 1.6 +/- 0.13 ms; III: 3.7 +/- 0.18 ms; V: 5.6 +/- 0.17 ms). However, neither central transmission time (i.e., the wave interpeak I-V) nor MLRs and LLRs were found to be significantly different in diabetic and control subjects. Mean EOAE amplitude was found to be significantly reduced (F = 4.2, P = 0.02) in diabetic patients with a reduced NCV (7.6 +/- 3.9 dB; Scheffé test: P = 0.03), but not in those without neuropathy (9.1 +/- 4.2 dB), compared with the control group (10.8 +/- 3.1 dB). No correlations were found between duration of diabetes and EOAEs or between sural NCV and peroneal NCV and metabolic control. EOAEs were not correlated with peroneal and sural NCVs.Our results indicate that the early preneural dysfunction of cochlear receptors causes a prolonged activation of the peripheral portion of the auditory pathway, while signal conduction along the central auditory pathway was shown to be normal in diabetes.
Abstract 318: Hierarchical clustering analysis of array CGH data identifies clinicopathologically distinct groups of lymph-node-negative invasive breast cancer
Authors: Ryoko Kikuchi, Yasuyuki Ishii, Takayuki Kobayashi, Yae Kanai, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Osamu Matsubara, Issei Imoto, Johji Inazawa, Hitoshi Tsuda
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract If high-risk group of lymph node-negative (pN0) invasive breast cancer is accurately identified by a molecular diagnosis of biopsy or surgically resected tumor specimens, it would be beneficial for choosing the most appropriate adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapies. In this study, we examined genomic copy-number alterations of the 800 cancer-related genes in 51 pN0 primary invasive breast cancers (20 relapsed and 31 non-relapsed cases) surgically resected from 51 patients at the NCCH, Tokyo, between 1990 and 1994. DNA isolated from acetone-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues using microdissection were labeled directly with fluorescence dyes and subjected to array-based comparative genomic hybridizaton (array-CGH). Although copy number differences between relapsed and non-relapsed cases were unclear, unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis was by using these 800 cancer-related genes resulted in identification of three cluster groups with significant differences in clinical outcome. Group 1 was mostly (9 of 13) composed ER(−)/HER2(−) cases, group 2 comprised 9 ER(+)/HER2(−), 8 ER(+)/HER2(+), and 6 ER(−)/HER2(+) cases, and group 3 was mostly (12 of 15) composed of ER(+)/HER2(−) cases. By the log-rank test for overall survival (OS), group 1 showed significantly worse outcome than group 2 (p = 0.0138), but no significant difference was observed in relapse-free survival (RFS) between these groups (p = 0.17). Among 20 patients who suffered relapsed later, both OS and RFS rates of group 1 were significantly higher than those of group 2 (p = 0.0083 and 0.0018). Representative genes that amplified in group 1 were CCND2(12p13.32), CDKN1B(12p13.1), whereas those kind genes in group 2 were ERBB2(17q12), NGFR(17q21.33). This work demonstrates that hierarchical clustering of array-CGH data by using 800 cancer related genes can classify pN0 invasive breast cancers into clinically relevant groups and might pave the way to develop a new tool to estimate the risk of relapse and death in patients with pN0 breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 318. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-318
Usual Distribution of Retinal Blood-Vessels
Authors: E. Nettleship
Journal: BMJ (1876)

THE BRITISH MBD/CAM 7OURNAL.i6x stood, almost invariably those used for thc lBerdan and Remington rifles, with which the Carlists are lprincilally armed.The lnllcts of the latter weapons are sinall, solid, and conical, and ITsCHlIle in outward appearance the bullet of the ChassepC('t rifle.I can say witlh some degree of certainty that I saw no w 'ounids causedl by hollowv bullets, otherwise the wounds of entrance and exit, as well as the destruction of parts, vould have been very imuch greater.I was quite unable in one case to distinguish the aperture of entrance and exit until told by the patient, anid in many eases the characters of such wounds as given in text-books were not present, though only a fewv (la)s lhad elapsed since the receipt of the injuries.hadl the formll of the bullet, the charge of powder, the number of grooves and their (dep)th in the lbarrel of the rifle, as well as the number of turns or degree of rifling, any.thing to do with this?The exit and entrance of the bullet-wounds were extremely small, and looked as if the tissues had blen leatly and skilfully punched out; and there was remarkably little suppuration, on account, I think, of the peculiar form of the bullet causing very little destruction of parts as contrasted with the effects of hollowv 'bullets, or even spherical ones, on animals and large game.There were a few cases of wounds from fragments of shells, and they presented the
Surgical Treatment of Chronic Infective Lesion of the Spine
Authors: N. E. Shaw, T. G. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Evaluations of the conservative treatment of spinal tuberculosis have shown how disappointing the results can be.The inefficiency of posterior spinal fusion is acknowledged and is accepted as a hindrance to anterior bony fusion.The exclusion of antibiotics from estab- lished tuberculous abscesses prevents their influence in such cases (Florey, 1954), and they are ineffective when their use is not supported by operation (Stevenson, 1954; Wilkinson, 1954).Adoption of the direct surgical approach in chronic infective spinal disease has facilitated isolation of the organism and assessment of antibiotic sensitivities.Also the occurrence of staphylococcal and coliform spinal infection has become more apparent.The results of surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis in this hospital have been gratifying enough to merit a detailed consideration. MaterialSeventy-two patients who have had direct surgical evacuation of infective spinal lesions have been reviewed.Aetiology.-Fifty-two (72%) of these lesions were proved to be tuberculous.Three (4%) were due to Staphylococcus pyogenes and four (5.5%) to Escherichia coli infection.One lesion was probably caused by Brucella melitensis.Twelve lesions were thought to be tuberculous, but attempts to isolate the organism failed.Distribution (Fig. 1).-Thedistribution of lesions is similar to that in other reported series (Fraser, 1929).The age distribution differs from that of Hodgson and Stock's (1960) series in that the proportion of adults to children is higher.There were two double lesions-one , 2' >4 Cc5, cervical and thoracic, and another thoracic and lumbar -a factor always to be considered in tuberculosis.
The association of the angiotensinogen gene with insulin sensitivity in humans: a tagging single nucleotide polymorphism and haplotype approach
Authors: Patricia C. Underwood, Bei Sun, Jonathan S. Williams, Luminita H. Pojoga, Benjamin Raby, Jessica Lasky-Su, Steven Hunt, Paul N. Hopkins, Xavier Jeunemaitre, Gail K. Adler, Gordon H. Williams
Journal: Metabolism (2011)
FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY USE AMONG STEMI PATIENTS TRANSFERRED TO A PRIMARY PCI HOSPITAL IN THE UNITED STATES: A REPORT FROM THE MISSION: LIFELINE PROGRAM
Authors: Amit Vora, DaJuanicia Holmes, Ivan Rokos, Matthew Roe, Christopher Granger, William French, Elliott Antman, Timothy Henry, Laine Thomas, Eric Bates, Tracy Wang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Specific cutaneous involvement in B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: C. Bachmeyer, M. HUNAULI, A. BAZARBACH, N. HamanT, S. ARACTINGI, A.LE TOURXEAE, J.P. MARIE, J. DIEBOLD, R. ZITTOUN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Specific cutaneous involvement in B‐cell prolymphocytic leukaemia Get access C. Bachmeyer, C. Bachmeyer Departments of Internal Medicine, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. HUNAULI, M. HUNAULI Departments of Haematology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. BAZARBACH, A. BAZARBACH Departments of Haematology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. HamanT, N. HamanT Departments of Pathology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. ARACTINGI, S. ARACTINGI Departments of Dermatology. Tenon Hospital Paris. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.LE TOURXEAE, A.LE TOURXEAE Departments of Pathology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.P. MARIE, J.P. MARIE Departments of Haematology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. FranceDepartments of Internal Medicine, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. DIEBOLD, J. DIEBOLD Departments of Pathology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. ZITTOUN R. ZITTOUN Departments of Haematology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 5, 1 May 1996, Pages 979–980, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb06343.x Published: 01 May 1996
The Influence of Fluticasone Inhalation on Markers of Carcinogenesis in Bronchial Epithelium
Authors: Remco M. van den Berg, Harm van Tinteren, Nico van Zandwijk, Christine Visser, Arifa Pasic, Clarissa Kooi, Thomas G. Sutedja, Paul Baas, Katrien Grünberg, Wolter J. Mooi, Peter J. F. Snijders, Pieter E. Postmus, Egbert F. Smit
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Bronchial epithelium exposed to cigarette smoke undergoes a series of histologic changes that may ultimately lead to invasive cancer. Inhaled corticosteroids reduce the number of lung tumors developing in rats exposed to cigarette smoke.We studied the effect of inhaled fluticasone on premalignant lesions in smokers and patients curatively treated for head and neck cancer or lung cancer.Participants were screened for premalignant lesions by bronchoscopy. Biopsies were taken from three to five locations and classified using WHO criteria. In case of a metaplasia index of > 15%, participants were randomized to receive a powder inhalation device containing either fluticasone 500 microg or a placebo, to be used twice a day. After 6 months, biopsies were obtained from the same locations as previously sampled. Efficacy of treatment was assessed by reversal of metaplasia/dysplasia; secondary endpoints were reversal of increased p53 and KI-67 immunoreactivity and expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase.Of the 201 subjects that were screened, 108 were included. Mean age was 53 yr (35-71), mean number of pack-years 48 (18-99), mean metaplasia index 48%, and 32% had some degree of dysplasia at baseline. The two treatment arms did not differ with respect to response or change in either metaplasia index or the expression of the markers p53, KI-67, or human telomerase reverse transcriptase.Inhaled fluticasone in a dose of 500 mug twice a day does not affect the natural course of premalignant lesions in the central airways.
HUMAN BLOOD OPSONIN TITERS AGAINST BRUCELLA
Authors: Joseph Victor
Journal: JAMA (1952)

During experiments concerned with natural resistance it was found that the blood of dogs, animals with low susceptibility, had intense bactericidal action for Brucella, requiring the combined action of leukocytes and plasma.<sup>1</sup>To study the role of phagocytosis in this reaction, it was necessary to distinguish between phagocytic and opsonic activity. From studies on phagocytosis, a method evolved that measured the opsonin titer of liquids.<sup>2</sup> Studies were carried out with the blood of dogs and then with human beings concerned with these studies, the latter having negative skin tests and agglutinin titers for brucellergin and Brucella, respectively; however, the opsonin content of the blood of the human beings increased during the course of the studies. Furthermore, the opsonin content of the blood of dogs that had never been in the laboratory was lower than that of those employed for Brucella studies.<sup>2</sup>Suspecting that the opsonin titers of
Hostile Behaviors Predict Cardiovascular Mortality Among Men Enrolled in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial
Authors: Karen A. Matthews, Brooks B. Gump, Kelly F. Harris, Thomas L. Haney, John C. Barefoot
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Hostility is associated with incident coronary disease in most large population-based studies, but little is known about its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in high-risk individuals. The aim of this study was to assess the association of hostility with CVD mortality in the subsequent 16 years in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) participants and to explore the influence of hostility in the subset that had a nonfatal CVD event during the trial. Methods and Results— We coded the Structured Interview responses of 259 men who died of CVD during the 16 years of follow-up and 259 matching living control subjects. Signs of hostility were assessed by use of the Interpersonal Hostility Assessment Technique. Matching was based on center, intervention group, age, race, and interviewer; covariates included study entry diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking status, and nonfatal CVD event during the trial. High-hostile men were more likely to die of CVD than were low-hostile men. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 1.61, 1.09 to 2.39. After the trial, high-hostile men who also had a nonfatal event during the trial were particularly likely to die of CVD, OR, 5.06, 1.42 to 8.22, compared with low-hostile men without a nonfatal event during the trial. Conclusions— Hostility may be a risk factor for CVD mortality among high-risk men. Interventions aimed at anger management and stress reduction along with risk factor modification may be useful for hostile patients.