tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE BLOCKING OF AURICULAR EXTRASYSTOLES.
Authors: ALBION WALTER HEWLETT
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The newer methods of analyzing the venous pulse have enabled us to differentiate clinically a number of forms of cardiac arrhythmia that could not otherwise be properly classified. So far as I am aware, arrhythmias due to a blocking of extrasystoles on their passage from the auricles to the ventricles have not been described. I am able to report such a case here through the kindness of Dr. T. W. Huntington. <h3>Patient.</h3> —P. C., clergyman, aged 56, entered the Lane Hospital for operation on a left inguinal hernia. <h3>History.</h3> —His family history was excellent and his past history contained little of note. He had been twice poisoned by eating mussels, the last time five years ago, but had never had a severe illness. He habitually drank a cup of coffee in the morning, a cup of tea at noon, and an occasional glass of wine at meals; he did not
Natural history of the disappearance of various products in the course of the transfer from socialist economy to regulated market.
Authors: G E Falkowski
Journal: BMJ (1990)

urethra.At panendoscopy the haricot bean, which had begun to sprout, was removed in three parts (fig 2) with a combination of long artery forceps and cystoscopic biopsy forceps.The patient was catheterised and given a course of broad spectrum antibiotics until the penile oedema and induration had resolved.His diuretic treatment was stopped.At follow up two months later he was asymptomatic and no longer suffered from urinary incontinence.Uroflowmetry showed no evidence of a urethral stricture, and he was discharged.
An Appraisal of Tests for Native DNA Antibodies in Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: ANDREW CHUBICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Antibody to native DNA was measured by five techniques: the Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence (CL-IF) test; filter radioimmunoassays using either untreated human KB DNA, endonuclease-treated KB DNA, or a synthetic polynucleotide (poly dAT); and the Farr immunoprecipitation assay using KB DNA. The specificity and sensitivity of the CL-IF assay was similar to that of the filter radioimmunoassay procedures using KB DNA. The CL-IF test showed an increased frequency of positive tests in patients with active disease and severe renal involvement. In patients with severe renal involvement, high titers of serum nDNA antibodies were measured by this procedure. A unique advantage of the CL-IF test was its ability to identify complement-fixing nDNA antibody. The presence of such antibody was correlated with high antibody titer and the presence of severe renal disease. The CL-IF assay is a simple and useful procedure for measurement of anti-nDNA.
Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation in Hypertensive Subjects With Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Mari K. Nishizaka, M. Amin Zaman, Sharon A. Green, Kerry Y. Renfroe, David A. Calhoun
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Recent studies suggest that aldosterone may impair endothelium-dependent vascular function through suppression of nitric oxide formation. Assessments of forearm blood flow or arterial compliance suggest a similar effect in humans. The present study was designed to determine whether chronic aldosterone excess in subjects with resistant hypertension impairs endothelium-dependent vascular reactivity as indexed by direct assessment of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD).Consecutive subjects (n=80) with resistant hypertension were prospectively evaluated with an early-morning ratio of plasma aldosterone to plasma renin activity and 24-hour urinary aldosterone and sodium. Changes in brachial artery diameter during reactive hyperemia were measured by high-resolution ultrasound. Hyperaldosteronism was diagnosed on the basis of a renin activity <1.0 ng x mL(-1) x h(-1), urinary aldosterone >12 microg/24 h, and urinary sodium >200 mEq/24 h. FMD was significantly lower in 36 subjects with hyperaldosteronism (1.8+/-1.3% versus 3.9+/-1.9% from baseline; P<0.0001) compared with the 44 subjects without hyperaldosteronism. FMD was negatively and significantly correlated with plasma aldosterone (r=-0.38, P=0.0006), 24-hour urinary aldosterone (r=-0.49, P<0.0001), and ratio of plasma aldosterone to plasma renin activity (r=-0.43, P<0.0001) but was independent of blood pressure, age, and body mass index. In 30 subjects, 3 months of treatment with spironolactone significantly increased FMD (2.5+/-1.7 versus 6.0+/-2.0%; P<0.0001) independently of blood pressure change.These data demonstrate a strong association between aldosterone excess and impaired endothelial function in human subjects as indexed by flow-mediated arterial vasodilation. These results suggest that chronic aldosteronism may have a blood pressure-independent effect on cardiovascular disease progression in subjects with resistant hypertension.
Poor P50 Suppression Among Schizophrenia Patients and Their First-Degree Biological Relatives
Authors: Brett A. Clementz, Mark A. Geyer, David L. Braff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

Objective:This study's goal was to replicate the finding that family members of schizophrenia patients show poor P50 suppression during a paired-click auditory evoked response paradigm. Method:The paired-click paradigm was used to test 44 schizophrenia patients, 60 of their clinically unaffected first-degree relatives, and 45 normal subjects. Two clicks (83 dB[A] over a 60-dB[A] white noise background) separated by 500 msec were presented 60 times to all subjects. P50 responses to the first and second clicks were selected from the digitally filtered data by using standard methods and the Cz recording site.Results:The schizophrenia patients had smaller P50 responses to click 1 than either their relatives or the normal subjects; the patients and their relatives, who did not significantly differ, had larger P50 responses to click 2 than the normal subjects. Schizophrenia patients had worse P50 suppression than either their family members or the normal subjects; the patients' family members had worse P50 suppression than the normal subjects. Conclusions:Family members of schizophrenia patients have worse P50 suppression than normal subjects. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration independent of the group associated with the University of Colorado that schizophrenia patients' family members have poor P50 suppression. This result is intrinsically important, perhaps especially because a recent report suggests genetic linkage of poor P50 suppression to the cholinergic receptor's α7 nicotinic subunit. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 1691-1694
Hyperosmotic non-ketotic diabetic syndrome precipitated by treatment with diuretics
Authors: V. Fonseca, D. N Phear
Journal: BMJ (1982)

interview after an emergency referral she presented many biological symptoms and signs of depression.For three weeks, attempts were made to treat her with antidepressants as an outpatient, but she was admitted to inpatient psychiatric care after becoming acutely agitated and violent at home.Failure to respond to a combination of tetracyclic antidepressants and phenothiazines lead to the application of electric convulsion treatment four times.She made an excellent response, and was fit for discharge to outpatient care after six weeks as an inpatient.The social factors included profound language difficulties, leading to marked social isolation, aggravated by the lack of extended family support together with profound disappointment at the delivery of a fifth daughter.
Hyperlipidaemia and hypothyroidism Screen patients for hypothyroidism before treatment
Authors: A O Olukoga, V E F Crowley, A Lawal, C Weinkove, A Waise
Journal: BMJ (1994)

media but a lesser response in the BMJs correspondence columns.We are also interested to know why the study did not relate staging to outcome-for instance, in 74 women who had died by the time the study was under way.Was much less information on staging available for these women?Having worked extensively with both cancer registry and pathology records, we wonder whether the authors determined how often notes kept about treatment corresponded with the records of treatment or surgery recorded by other hospital departments.We have found considerable discrepancies, for example, between incidences of breast cancer recorded by registries and hospitals.Would this introduce bias?Despite our queries about the research, we share Chouillet and colleagues' belief in the value of audit of treatment of breast cancer as a means of improving services for patients with the disease.
Fifty Cases of Completed Ovariotomy, with Brief Notes of Nine Other Cases of Abdominal Section
Authors: W. A. Meredith
Journal: BMJ (1884)

TkhI&i4CA 1Movw f [Altig1iMt'9, 1884 a 'a!"Alluistratiiig the symphthy.betWeeif th`ndrious systei -and' thel 'ns of generation, 'might be cited 1r-inai5T' pa'aplegi&."In- aithi'ti`from gbhofrlicea and arthritis :frbm leucorrheeic dye- ihehLdfhea, the-joiifts '4ere' symmettically affected.Was thii fact t"'lie itejarded as i fsptying the in-tervention of nervous influence ?3'.OftGii signs we6 -o6imon to rheumatoid arthritis and to diseases. of the spinal cord, and.it seemed reasonable' to refer them both to a' 'ommona cous., These: Were muscular atrophy, and, alteration in mus- cti'f ontiaetility aiicT in tendon-reflex.The muscular atrophy, in' rxhe1mitoid arthirtis'reimiibled that in wasting palsy in 'the aim-the e iersors were more affected than the flexors; in extreme eases, both *'red' eqiaUly diminished: 'and the thenar eminences passed away.: The *i9ting proceede,d so"tripiclly as to dismiss the idea 'that -it was due' tb'disease, and the symnmetrical arrangemeiit woald seem to point to al'eeper cause.Inflammation of a joint, might be followed by wasting' of imuscle.,It seemed reasontable to as'sume that the cause of muscular at,iphy'*was jdentical.In the case wof progressive niuscular a;trop2hy t'LS lesions in'the spinal cord' were 'fotnd to affect the grey matter of tlae' anterior-'cornua, and apparently were sometimes negative.He, wMS not awiare that the spinal cord had been made 'the subject'-of &i6fl examination, in well marked instances 'of mniscular atrophy in atlthitis 'and a large body of accurate evidence, when it' could be, 6btaIned, would be a valuable desideratum.There 'wvas nothing un-' reasonable in assuming that a trophic centre might, in both cases, be
Subvalvular Gradients in Patients With Valvular Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Warren K. Laskey, William G. Kussmaul
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Although subvalvular gradients in patients with aortic stenosis have been described, their behavior and response to exercise have not been well characterized.Left ventricular and aortic pressures and linear flow velocity were measured with a catheter-tip manometer at rest and during supine exercise in 27 patients with valvular aortic stenosis. A subvalvular gradient was measured in each patient that represented, on average, 48% of the total resting transvalvular gradient. With exercise, both total (rest: 80+/-26 mm Hg; exercise: 90+/-25 mm Hg) and subvalvular gradients (rest: 37+/-13 mm Hg; exercise: 60+/-22 mm Hg) increased significantly. There was a significant inverse relationship between change in exercise cardiac output and total and subvalvular gradients. However, only the exercise subvalvular gradient predicted cardiac output response.Subvalvular pressure gradients are universally present in patients with severe aortic stenosis and comprise approximately half of the total transvalvular gradient. The extent of exercise cardiac output increase is inversely related to the subvalvular gradient magnitude.
Clinical Bone-Marrow Transplantation Workshop
Authors: G. Nicholas Rogentine
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  A workshop on human bone-marrow transplantation was held at the University of California at Davis on Dec 1, 1971. Attending were those scientists largely responsible for the 133 bone-marrow transplant attempts in 119 patients which have been reported to the American College of Surgeons/National Institutes of Health (ACS/NIH) BoneMarrow Transplant Registry.  Complete or partial immunological reconstitution of children with a variety of immunological deficiency diseases was reported. In addition, several cases of successful allogenic bone-marrow grafts were cited in patients with aplastic anemia who had been refractory to previous therapies. Prior to allogenic bone-marrow transplantation, the patients with aplastic anemia received intensive immunosuppressive therapy utilizing antilymphocyte globulin or cyclophosphamide in order to prevent graft rejection. The subsequent demonstration of normal immunological or hematopoietic function plus a donor immunological or hematopoietic marker (eg, a change to donor serum immunoglobulin allotype, donor hematopoietic or lymphoid karyotype, or a change
Transmission Dynamics of Tuberculosis in Tarrant County, Texas
Authors: Stephen E. Weis, Janice M. Pogoda, Zhenhua Yang, M. Donald Cave, Charles Wallace, Michael Kelley, Peter F. Barnes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

To understand the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis in Tarrant County, Texas, we performed a population-based study of 159 patients with culture-proven tuberculosis, combining restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with prospective interviewing to identify epidemiologic links between patients. Patients whose isolates had identical or closely related RFLP patterns were considered a cluster. Seventy-six (48%) of 159 patients were in 19 clusters, suggesting that recent transmission accounted for 36% of tuberculosis morbidity. Unconditional logistic regression showed that birth in the United States, continuous residence in Tarrant County, a history of homelessness, and a history of visiting or working in bars were independent predictors of clustering. Four homeless shelters and five bars were associated with specific clusters, suggesting that they were sites of tuberculosis transmission. Patients in some clusters recognized more photographs of patients in their cluster than did patients outside their cluster. We conclude that (1) homeless shelters and bars are important sites of tuberculosis transmission in Tarrant County, and (2) the use of photograph recognition of patients with tuberculosis, in combination with RFLP analysis, has the potential to enhance tuberculosis control by facilitating identification of epidemiologic links between patients.
Abolition by omeprazole of aspirin induced gastric mucosal injury in man.
Authors: T K Daneshmend, A G Stein, N K Bhaskar, C J Hawkey
Journal: Gut (1990)

This study investigates whether aspirin injury to the human gastric mucosa can be prevented by profound acid suppression with omeprazole, in a randomised, double blind, crossover design according to latin square. It was concluded that profound acid suppression can prevent aspirin induced gastric mucosal injury in normal subjects. This approach may prevent the development of peptic ulcers and their complications in patients taking aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Electrical Impedance Plethysmography
Authors: JAN NYBOER, Marian M. Kreider, Leonard Hannapel
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The quantity of blood measured by electrical impedance plethysmography is defined by its resistive effect in parallel to the resistance of other tissue of the segment. By substitution of this parallel resistive value, together with data relative to the resistivity of blood and the length of the segment in the formula for the volume of an electrical conductor, we are able to derive the volume of the pulse in cubic centimeters. It follows that the volume displaced from the venous reservoir and the rate of refilling of the venous reservoir of an extremity may also be determined quantitatively.
Accountable Care Organizations — The Risk of Failure and the Risks of Success
Authors: Lawrence P. Casalino
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

An accountable care organization (ACO) consists of health care providers who collectively agree to be held accountable for the care they provide to the population of patients attributed to their ACO. Two and a half years after the beginning of the Medicare ACO programs mandated by the Affordable Care Act, there are 361 ACOs contracting with Medicare1 and hundreds of ACO-like contracts in the private sector. Payers — Medicare and health insurance plans — give ACOs financial incentives to invest in processes to systematically and proactively improve quality and control the costs of care for their populations of patients.In . . .
Sirolimus-Eluting Stents vs Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Adnan Kastrati, Alban Dibra, Sonja Eberle, Julinda Mehilli, José Suárez de Lezo, Jean-Jacque Goy, Kurt Ulm, Albert Schömig
Journal: JAMA (2005)

ContextPlacement of sirolimus-eluting stents or paclitaxel-eluting stents has emerged as the predominant percutaneous treatment strategy in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether there are any differences in efficacy and safety between these 2 drug-eluting stents is unclear.ObjectiveTo compare outcomes of sirolimus-eluting and paclitaxel-eluting coronary stents on the basis of data generated by randomized head-to-head clinical trials.Data SourcesPubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, conference proceedings from major cardiology meetings, and Internet-based sources of information on clinical trials in cardiology from January 2003 to April 2005.Study SelectionRandomized trials comparing the sirolimus-eluting stent with the paclitaxel-eluting stent in patients with CAD reporting the outcomes of interest (target lesion revascularization, angiographic restenosis, stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction [MI], death, and the composite of death or MI) during a follow-up of at least 6 months.Data ExtractionTwo reviewers independently identified studies and abstracted data on sample size, baseline characteristics, and outcomes of interest.Data SynthesisSix trials, including 3669 patients, met the selection criteria. No significant heterogeneity was found across trials. Target lesion revascularization, the primary outcome of interest, was less frequently performed in patients who were treated with the sirolimus-eluting stent (5.1%) vs the paclitaxel-eluting stent (7.8%) (odds ratio [OR], 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49-0.84; P = .001). Similarly, angiographic restenosis was less frequently observed among patients assigned to the sirolimus-eluting stent (9.3%) vs the paclitaxel-eluting stent (13.1%) (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55-0.86; P = .001). Event rates for sirolimus-eluting vs paclitaxel-eluting stents were 0.9% and 1.1%, respectively, for stent thrombosis (P = .62); 1.4% and 1.6%, respectively, for death (P = .56); and 4.9% and 5.8%, respectively, for the composite of death or MI (P = .23).ConclusionsPatients receiving sirolimus-eluting stents had a significantly lower risk of restenosis and target vessel revascularization compared with those receiving paclitaxel-eluting stents. Rates of death, death or MI, and stent thrombosis were similar.
TRAUMATIC RUPTURE OF THE JEJUNUM.
Authors: A. P. HEINECK
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>History.</h3> —C. H., aged 38, a circus acrobat, was admitted to the Cook County Hospital May 23, 1907, at 5:30 p. m. One and a half hours previously the horse which he mounted had reared and crushed him between the horn of the saddle and a brick wall. He was vigorous, robust, and of athletic build, and previously had always been healthy. There was no history of previous intestinal disturbance. On admission his pulse was 60, temperature 97.4 F. and respirations 20; he was suffering considerable abdominal pain and complained of feeling cold. He vomited a large amount of brown liquid which did not have a fecal odor. The vomiting was repeated several times throughout the night. During the night the patient was restless, unable to sleep and continued to be very nauseated. On admission the tenderness and muscular rigidity were most marked over right upper quadrant of abdomen, but
A Subtle Disease and a Dilemma: Can Cells Secrete Collagen That Does Not Contain a Sugar-Tag?
Authors: Darwin J. Prockop
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

"HYDROXYLYSINE-deficient collagen disease," described elsewhere in this issue by Pinnell et al., is obviously a rare disorder and it probably accounts for only a fraction of the patients previously classified as having the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. The disease, however, may well be an "experiment of nature" that makes it necessary for us to revise our basic concepts regarding how cells synthesize and secrete the proteins found in the extracellular spaces of the body.Since the collagen in the skin of the two sisters with the disease was found to contain less hydroxylysine than normal collagen, one might at first assume that . . .
Transcription factor NRF2 regulates miR-1 and miR-206 to drive tumorigenesis
Authors: Anju Singh, Christine Happel, Soumen K. Manna, George Acquaah-Mensah, Julian Carrerero, Sarvesh Kumar, Poonam Nasipuri, Kristopher W. Krausz, Nobunao Wakabayashi, Ruby Dewi, Laszlo G. Boros, Frank J. Gonzalez, Edward Gabrielson, Kwok K. Wong, Geoffrey Girnun, Shyam Biswal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The mechanisms by which deregulated nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) signaling promote cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis are poorly understood. Using an integrated genomics and ¹³C-based targeted tracer fate association (TTFA) study, we found that NRF2 regulates miR-1 and miR-206 to direct carbon flux toward the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, reprogramming glucose metabolism. Sustained activation of NRF2 signaling in cancer cells attenuated miR-1 and miR-206 expression, leading to enhanced expression of PPP genes. Conversely, overexpression of miR-1 and miR-206 decreased the expression of metabolic genes and dramatically impaired NADPH production, ribose synthesis, and in vivo tumor growth in mice. Loss of NRF2 decreased the expression of the redox-sensitive histone deacetylase, HDAC4, resulting in increased expression of miR-1 and miR-206, and not only inhibiting PPP expression and activity but functioning as a regulatory feedback loop that repressed HDAC4 expression. In primary tumor samples, the expression of miR-1 and miR-206 was inversely correlated with PPP gene expression, and increased expression of NRF2-dependent genes was associated with poor prognosis. Our results demonstrate that microRNA-dependent (miRNA-dependent) regulation of the PPP via NRF2 and HDAC4 represents a novel link between miRNA regulation, glucose metabolism, and ROS homeostasis in cancer cells.
KCC2 Interacts with the Dendritic Cytoskeleton to Promote Spine Development
Authors: Hong Li, Stanislav Khirug, Chunlin Cai, Anastasia Ludwig, Peter Blaesse, Julia Kolikova, Ramil Afzalov, Sarah K. Coleman, Sari Lauri, Matti S. Airaksinen, Kari Keinänen, Leonard Khiroug, Mart Saarma, Kai Kaila, Claudio Rivera
Journal: Neuron (2007)