tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Some Studies Suggest Antirejection Drugs Not Always Needed to Protect Kidney Graft
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Canopy Computing
Authors: Clement J. McDonald, J. Marc Overhage, Paul R. Dexter, Lonnie Blevins, Jim Meeks-Johnson, Jeffrey G. Suico, Mark C. Tucker, Gunther Schadow
Journal: JAMA (1998)

The rain forest canopy is a seamless web through which arboreal creatures efficiently move to reach the edible fruits without any attention to the individual trees. Individual health care computer systems are rich with patient data, but rather than a canopy linking all the trees in the forest, the data "fruit" come from a diverse forest of individual computer "trees"-laboratory systems, word processing systems, pharmacy systems, and the like. These different sources of patient information are difficult or impossible to reach by individual physicians, especially from their offices. The World Wide Web and other standardization technology provide physicians and their institutions the tools needed for seamless and secure access to their patients' data and to medical information, when and where they need it. We and others have adopted these tools to combine independent sources of clinical data. Physicians who assist in the purchase of clinical information systems should demand products in their practice settings that are Web enabled, use standard coding systems, and communicate with other computer systems via broadly accepted protocols.
Malignant Lymphoma of the Spinal Epidural Space
Authors: GORDON M. MULLINS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Experiences with 21 cases of spinal cord compression in malignant lymphoma are reviewed. Observations of interest concerning incidence, pathogenesis, and prognosis are noted from a study of the literature. The encouraging overall results of treatment in such a grave situation are noted. The possibility of avoiding spinal compression by early myelography during the prodromal stage is described. Cervical or cisternal, in addition to lumbar, myelography may allow better definition of the extent of epidural lymphoma. It is suggested that the contrast medium be left in situ to follow the response to irradiation. Particular attention is given to discussion of the changing approach to management, especially the increasing use of irradiation alone in many cases. Laminectomy is performed without delay if rapid improvement is not seen with irradiation. In severely affected cases laminectomy, with limited tumor excision, should provide adequate initial decompression. Irradiation is always given postoperatively as early as possible.
Cimetidine and Hypersensitivity
Authors: Baldev S. Sandhu, Ramiro Requena
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1983Cimetidine and HypersensitivityBALDEV S. SANDHU, M.B. CH.B., RAMIRO REQUENA, M.D.BALDEV S. SANDHU, M.B. CH.B.Search for more papers by this author, RAMIRO REQUENA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-1-111_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We write in reply to comments by Leftwich and Simon (1) on our report (2) of a patient with type I hypersensitivity to cimetidine (Tagamet; Smith, Kline & French, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania).The statement that the reaction described could not be a type I hypersensitivity reaction as only 12 hours had elapsed since the initial dose of cimetidine is incorrect. Accelerated reactions (type I) may occur 1 to 72 hours after drug administration, and are usually manifested by urticaria, asthma, and occasionally morbilliform eruptions and laryngeal edema (3).We agree that the lack of control skin testing with...References1. LEFTWICHSIMON RR. Cimetidine hypersensitivity [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:620. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SANDHUREQUENA BR. Hypersensitivity of cimetidine [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:138. LinkGoogle Scholar3. FRIEDLAENDER S. Drug reactions. In: CONN HF, CONN RB JR., eds. Current Diagnosis 6. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1980: 854-60. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByQuel est le traitement de la réaction allergique survenant en cours d’anesthésie et en particulier du choc anaphylactique ?Quel est le traitement de la réaction allergique survenant en cours d’anesthésie et en particulier du choc anaphylactique ? 1 January 1983Volume 98, Issue 1Page: 111-111KeywordsAsthmaDrug administrationEdemaHypersensitivityUrticaria Issue Published: 1 January 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Neural precursor cells induce cell death of high-grade astrocytomas through stimulation of TRPV1
Authors: Kristin Stock, Jitender Kumar, Michael Synowitz, Stefania Petrosino, Roberta Imperatore, Ewan St J Smith, Peter Wend, Bettina Purfürst, Ulrike A Nuber, Ulf Gurok, Vitali Matyash, Joo-Hee Wälzlein, Sridhar R Chirasani, Gunnar Dittmar, Benjamin F Cravatt, Stefan Momma, Gary R Lewin, Alessia Ligresti, Luciano De Petrocellis, Luigia Cristino, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Helmut Kettenmann, Rainer Glass
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Why decision making may not require awareness
Authors: I. P. L. McLaren, B. D. Dunn, N. S. Lawrence, F. N. Milton, F. Verbruggen, T. Stevens, A. McAndrew, F. Yeates
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Newell &amp; Shanks (N&amp;S) argue against the idea that any significant role for unconscious influences on decision making has been established by research to date. Inasmuch as this conclusion applies to the idea of an “intelligent cognitive unconscious,” we would agree. Our concern is that the article could lead the unwary to conclude that there are no unconscious influences on decision making – and never could be. We give reasons why this may not be the case.
Dynamic Mathematical Modeling of IL13-Induced Signaling in Hodgkin and Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma Allows Prediction of Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Valentina Raia, Marcel Schilling, Martin Böhm, Bettina Hahn, Andreas Kowarsch, Andreas Raue, Carsten Sticht, Sebastian Bohl, Maria Saile, Peter Möller, Norbert Gretz, Jens Timmer, Fabian Theis, Wolf-Dieter Lehmann, Peter Lichter, Ursula Klingmüller
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) share a frequent constitutive activation of JAK (Janus kinase)/STAT signaling pathway. Because of complex, nonlinear relations within the pathway, key dynamic properties remained to be identified to predict possible strategies for intervention. We report the development of dynamic pathway models based on quantitative data collected on signaling components of JAK/STAT pathway in two lymphoma-derived cell lines, MedB-1 and L1236, representative of PMBL and cHL, respectively. We show that the amounts of STAT5 and STAT6 are higher whereas those of SHP1 are lower in the two lymphoma cell lines than in normal B cells. Distinctively, L1236 cells harbor more JAK2 and less SHP1 molecules per cell than MedB-1 or control cells. In both lymphoma cell lines, we observe interleukin-13 (IL13)-induced activation of IL4 receptor α, JAK2, and STAT5, but not of STAT6. Genome-wide, 11 early and 16 sustained genes are upregulated by IL13 in both lymphoma cell lines. Specifically, the known STAT-inducible negative regulators CISH and SOCS3 are upregulated within 2 hours in MedB-1 but not in L1236 cells. On the basis of this detailed quantitative information, we established two mathematical models, MedB-1 and L1236 model, able to describe the respective experimental data. Most of the model parameters are identifiable and therefore the models are predictive. Sensitivity analysis of the model identifies six possible therapeutic targets able to reduce gene expression levels in L1236 cells and three in MedB-1. We experimentally confirm reduction in target gene expression in response to inhibition of STAT5 phosphorylation, thereby validating one of the predicted targets.
Dynamic Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of Breast Glandular Tissue in High Risk Patients after Prophylactic Ovariectomy.
Authors: V. Vilar, C. Dromain, C. Caramella, S. Delaloge, O. Caron, C. Uzan, C. Balleyguier
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the enhancement of breast glandular tissue by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in high risk patients, before and after prophylactic ovariectomy.Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 28 patients with high risk for breast and ovarian cancer who underwent preventive bilateral ovariectomy. Seven patients who were at hormone replacement therapy and chemotherapy were excluded. From the 21 patients included, 12 were BRCA 1; 6 were BRCA 2; 1 was BRCA 1 – 2; and 2 patients had strong familiar history. All patients underwent contrast breast MRI before and after surgery, for breast cancer screening. MRI was performed at GE Healthcare 1.5 Tesla equipement before (mask) and after 5 phases of contrast injection. All pre contrast images were subtracted from the post contrast images. The second subtracted sequences of MRI images were analyzed qualitatively according to the type of glandular enhancement (1. no enhancement, 2. mild homogeneous, 3. strong heterogeneous, 4. strong homogeneous, 5. mild heterogeneous), and quantitatively by measuring signal intensity of glandular tissue in the upper outer quadrant of the breast in the second sequence of post-contrast images. Patients were divided into 2 groups: with and without the appearance of a lesion between the first and second MRI, for comparative analysis with the fibroglandular tissue.Results: Mean age was 44 years (39-51). In qualitative analysis at MRI before ovariectomy (MRI 1), 33% of the patients showed type 3 enhancement; 33% type 5; 29% type 4 and 5% type 1. At MRI post-ovariectomy (MRI 2), 67% of the patients presented enhancement type 1; 19% type 4 and 14% type 3. Twenty patients showed a higher enhancement at MRI 1 and for 1 patient the enhancement was the same at MRI 1 and 2. In quantitative analysis, the average of enhancement of the glandular tissue at MRI 1 was 356.1 and for MRI 2 was 65.2. Three patients presented an enhanced nodule on the first and second MRI. The average of enhancement of the lesions at MRI 1 was 890.9 and at MRI 2 was 452.9.Conclusion: Ovariectomy substantially reduces the physiological fibroglandular breast enhancement. The significant decrease of the glandular breast enhancement in MRI can help to detect organic focal breast lesion, such as atypical ductal hyperplasia and to differentiate it from functional foci. The comprehension of this changes can lead to decrease the number of false positives in breast MRI interpretation. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4024.
Muscle Interstitial Calcium During Head-Up Tilt in Humans
Authors: Soraya Samii, Mazhar H. Khan, David A. MacLean, Nicholas King, Michael D. Herr, Lawrence I. Sinoway
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— During head-up tilt (HUT), peripheral vasoconstriction occurs. This response requires appropriate communication between the sympathetic nerve terminal and vascular smooth muscle cell in the neurovascular space. Both of these cell types require extracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ] o ) for proper activation and function. We hypothesize that [Ca 2+ ] o rises with tilt and in the process contributes to vasoconstriction. Methods and Results— We used microdialysis techniques in the lower-limb skeletal muscle to measure [Ca 2+ ] o changes in this space with HUT. [Ca 2+ ] o was measured in 10 healthy subjects during HUT. We found a 62% increase in the dialysate [Ca 2+ ] (0.223±0.018 to 0.353±0.028 mmol/L) with HUT. Conclusions— This result implies a significant increase in [Ca 2+ ] o in the neurovascular space during HUT. This represents the first report of such in situ [Ca 2+ ] o measurements in humans. This rise in [Ca 2+ ] o may provide a mechanism for proper cell-cell interaction, helping to promote peripheral vasoconstriction during HUT. How this [Ca 2+ ] o transient affects the nerve terminal, vascular smooth muscle cells, or both remains to be determined.
P763 ANALYSIS OF HCV MARKERS AND IMMUNE RESPONSES 5–20 YEARS AFTER SUCCESSFUL HCV THERAPY SUGGESTS THAT MOST PATIENTS ARE CURED
Authors: E.D. Brenndörfer, M. Hedenstierna, D. Bankwitz, P. Behrendt, A. Brass, I. Uhnoo, S. Aleman, A. Fryden, G. Norkrans, A. Eilard, H. Glaumann, K. Cardell, T. Pietschmann, O. Weiland, M. Sällberg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Nocardiosis
Authors: Lyle A. Weed, Howard A. Andersen, C. Allen Good, Archie H. Baggenstoss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

NOCARDIOSIS is an acute or chronic infection that may closely resemble other suppurative conditions due to such varied agents as klebsiella, pasteurella, salmonella, malleomyces and actinomyces. The cattle studied by Nocard1 were suffering from multiple abscesses, draining sinuses, emaciation and pulmonary involvement with fatal termination. The disease occurs in other animals2 3 4 and is frequently misdiagnosed as actinomycosis,5 although the condition reported by Nocard is quite different from actinomycosis, as described by Harz6 and Bollinger.7 The causative organism is also quite different from the actinomyces isolated by Wolff and Israel8 but it probably is closely related to, if not identical with, . . .
Successful treatment of occupational allergy to bumblebee venom after failure with honeybee venom extract
Authors: A. Stern, G. Müllner, B. Wüthrich
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background : Immediate‐type allergies to bumblebee stings occur infrequently. Previous studies have demonstrated a high degree of cross‐reactivity between honeybee venom (HBV) and bumblebee venom (BBV). It has been proposed that venom immunotherapy (VIT) with HBV is a therapeutic alternative for patients with BBV allergy. Methods and results : We present two cases of occupational immediate‐type allergies to BBV. Although both nonatopic patients had a negative personal history of previous allergic reactions to honeybee sting, specific IgE antibodies and a positive intradermal reaction to HBV were detected. Despite VIT with HBV, the two developed another severe allergic reaction after incidental bumblebee stings. VIT with BBV, using in one patient a rush protocol with escalating doses of 0.01–100 μg of BBV, was performed. Before and during the VIT, the course of IgE and IgG specific antibodies to BBV was analyzed, demonstrating a significant decrease of BBV‐IgE and an increase of BBV‐IgG. The effectiveness of the treatment was also proven by an in‐hospital sting challenge with a live bumblebee. Conclusions : Our data demonstrate that cross‐immunotherapies with HBV do not protect BBV‐allergic patients sufficiently. We conclude that BBV‐allergic patients should be treated with BBV. A “rush” VIT with BBV is a safe alternative to a “conventional” protocol.
UK attacked for lack of injury prevention strategy
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The BMA has called on the UK government to set up a national body for injury prevention and control, which would work in partnership across government departments.

Preventing Injuries, a report from the BMA's board of science and education, has said that injury prevention should be recognised as a major public health problem as it carries one of the highest costs in both human and economic terms.

Nearly 20000 people in the United Kingdom are fatally injured each year. Injuries require 30 million medical consultations …
The Bacterial Virulence Factor NleA Inhibits Cellular Protein Secretion by Disrupting Mammalian COPII Function
Authors: Jinoh Kim, Ajitha Thanabalasuriar, Tessa Chaworth-Musters, J. Chris Fromme, Elizabeth A. Frey, Paula I. Lario, Pavel Metalnikov, Keyrillos Rizg, Nikhil A. Thomas, Sau Fung Lee, Elizabeth L. Hartland, Philip R. Hardwidge, Tony Pawson, Natalie C. Strynadka, B. Brett Finlay, Randy Schekman, Samantha Gruenheid
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2007)
Infant hypervitaminosis A causes severe anemia and thrombocytopenia: evidence of a retinol-dependent bone marrow cell growth inhibition
Authors: Silverio Perrotta, Bruno Nobili, Francesca Rossi, Maria Criscuolo, Achille Iolascon, Daniela Di Pinto, Irene Passaro, Lucia Cennamo, Adriana Oliva, Fulvio Della Ragione
Journal: Blood (2002)
Abstract 5476: Simultaneous targeting of multiple cancer-related pathways in HPV-positive head and neck cancer with demethylating agents
Authors: Asel Biktasova, Evgenia Gubanova, Mi Zou, Wendell G. Yarbrough, Natalia Issaeva
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Head and neck cancer is the 6th most common cancer worldwide with the vast majority being squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The human papillomavirus (HPV) has recently been shown to be the etiologic agent in approximately 60% of head and neck SCC (HNSCC) arising from the oropharynx. Patients with HPV-positive HNSCC are clinically distinct from those with HPV-negative cancer being younger, and having decreased exposure to the established risk factors for HNSCC of tobacco and alcohol. Although HPV-positive HNSCC patients have higher cure rates compared to HPV-negative HNSCC, lifelong side effects of treatment are severe, and upon recurrence, treatment options and survival are limited. Therefore, new therapies with better side effect profiles that can also offer therapeutic options for patients with recurrent HPV-associated HNSCC are needed. Recently, we found that HPV-positive head and neck cancer cell lines and primary cells were more sensitive than HPV-negative cells to the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine. Importantly, even low doses of 5-azacytidine delayed HPV-positive tumor growth in mouse xenograft model. Cancer-related pathways that we found to be altered in HPV-positive, but not in HPV-negative head and neck cancer cells, upon demethylation included: 1) restoration of tumor suppressor p53 levels and associated apoptotic activity; 2) activation of cytotoxic type I interferon response; and, 3) downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP1 and MMP10 ) expression. Demethylation as a therapy for HPV-associated HNSCC is particularly interesting, since simultaneous targeting of multiple molecular pathways that are important for cancer development and progression, may increase efficacy and reduce acquisition of resistance. Based on our data, a small clinical trial with 5-azacytide on patients with HNSC C was initiated at Yale Cancer Center. Citation Format: Asel Biktasova, Evgenia Gubanova, Mi Zou, Wendell G. Yarbrough, Natalia Issaeva. Simultaneous targeting of multiple cancer-related pathways in HPV-positive head and neck cancer with demethylating agents. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5476. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5476
Update in Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Authors: Norton J. Greenberger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Updates6 July 2010Update in Gastroenterology and HepatologyNorton J. Greenberger, MD and Prateek Sharma, MDNorton J. Greenberger, MDFrom Kansas University School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, and Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this author and Prateek Sharma, MDFrom Kansas University School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, and Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-1-201007060-00245 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This year's update in gastroenterology and hepatology reviews a range of important findings published in 2009, including a comparison of medical and surgical treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease, radiofrequency ablation of Barrett esophagus, and gastroesophageal reflux disease in asthma. The controversial subject of the concurrent use of proton-pump inhibitors in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy, such as clopidogrel, is reviewed. A new and important scoring system for predicting mortality in acute pancreatitis is presented. The widespread and often unrecognized problem of pelvic floor disorders in women is discussed in detail. Bile salt malabsorption, an important cause of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, ...Reference1. Zocco MA, Di Stasio E, De Cristofaro R, Novi M, Ainora ME, Ponziani F, et al. Thrombotic risk factors in patients with liver cirrhosis: correlation with MELD scoring system and portal vein thrombosis development. J Hepatol. 2009;51:682-9. [PMID: 19464747] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Norton J. Greenberger, MD; Prateek Sharma, MDAffiliations: From Kansas University School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, and Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.Article relevant to primary care general internistsArticle relevant to hospitalistsDisclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M10-0270.Corresponding Author: Norton J. Greenberger, MD, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115; e-mail, ngreenberger@partners.org.Current Author Addresses: Dr. Greenberger: Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115.Dr. Sharma: Mailstop 1023, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 July 2010Volume 153, Issue 1 Page: 34-39 Keywords Acute pancreatitis Asthma Bile Cirrhosis Dysplasia Esophagus Gastroesophageal reflux disease Incontinence Mortality Proton pump inhibitors ePublished: 6 July 2010 Issue Published: 6 July 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Disputed Maternity Leading to Identification of Tetragametic Chimerism
Authors: Neng Yu, Margot S. Kruskall, Juan J. Yunis, Joan H.M. Knoll, Lynne Uhl, Sharon Alosco, Marina Ohashi, Olga Clavijo, Zaheed Husain, Emilio J. Yunis, Jorge J. Yunis, Edmond J. Yunis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Chimerism is the presence of two genetically distinct cell lines in an organism. This report describes a phenotypically normal woman who was found to have tetragametic chimerism after histocompatibility testing of family members suggested that she was not the biologic mother of two of her three children. She had only one cell line in peripheral blood but had more than one in other tissues. Her T lymphocytes showed full tolerance of cells from family members with any combination of four familial HLA haplotypes.