tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P3-07-10: Breast cancer risk-related gene polymorphisms, ESR1/6q25.1-rs2046210 and rs3757318, and clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients
Authors: N Taira, T Mizoo, K Nishiyama, T Nogami, T Iwamoto, T Motoki, T Shien, J Matsuoka, H Doihara, S Ishihara, H Kawai, K Kawasaki, Y Ogasawara, Y Ishibe
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract [Background] Based on the results of a case-control study performed in Japan (Okayama and Kagawa), it was revealed that gene polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs), ESR1/6q25.1-rs2046210 and SNPs of rs3757318 were closely related to breast cancer risk in Japanese women, and that the odds ratio per allele of individual SNPs were 1.37 [95% CI: 1.1 - 1.7] and 1.33 [1.04 - 1.7], respectively (San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2012, Mizoo et al.). We analyzed the relationship of ESR1/6q25.1-rs2046210 and rs3757318 SNPs with the clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients. [Methods] Among the patients enrolled in the case-control study, 508 breast cancer patients who underwent genotyping for ESR1/6q25.1-rs2046210 and rs3757318 were analyzed as the subjects. SNPs were analyzed using the TaqMan genotyping assay® for blood samples. To analyze the relationship of genotypes (AA/GG, GG) with age at diagnosis, height, weight, BMI, age of menarche, birth history, pathological degree of progression and estrogen receptor, t-test and chi-square test were used. [Results] The genotypes of rs2046210 are AA (12%), AG (41%) and GG (46%), and the patients with the risk allele (AA/AG) had significantly higher height (p = 0.0015, t-test) and lower Body Mass Index (BMI) (p = 0.0022, t-test). The genotypes of rs3757318 are AA (8%), AG (39%) and GG (53%), and the patients with the risk allele (AA/AG) were characterized by significantly lower BMI (p = 0.041, t-test), no birth history (p = 0.0473, chi-square) and negative hormone receptor (p = 0.0128, chi-square). Overall, tendencies related to increased height, lower BMI and negative estrogen receptor were confirmed for the risk alleles of rs2046210 and rs3757318. [Conclusion] It was suggested that SNPs of rs2046210 and rs3757318 might be related to the development of estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-07-10.
IPH4102, a Humanized KIR3DL2 Antibody with Potent Activity against Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Anne Marie-Cardine, Nicolas Viaud, Nicolas Thonnart, Rachel Joly, Stéphanie Chanteux, Laurent Gauthier, Cécile Bonnafous, Benjamin Rossi, Mathieu Bléry, Carine Paturel, Armand Bensussan, Martine Bagot, Hélène Sicard
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) remains an unmet medical need, which lacks effective targeted therapies. In this study, we report the development of IPH4102, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the immune receptor KIR3DL2, which is widely expressed on CTCL cells but few normal immune cells. Potent antitumor properties of IPH4102 were documented in allogeneic human CTCL cells and a mouse model of KIR3DL2+ disease. IPH4102 antitumor activity was mediated by antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and phagocytosis. IPH4102 improved survival and reduced tumor growth in mice inoculated with KIR3DL2+ tumors. Ex vivo efficacy was further evaluated in primary Sézary patient cells, sorted natural killer–based autologous assays, and direct spiking into Sézary patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In these settings, IPH4102 selectively and efficiently killed primary Sézary cells, including at unfavorable effector-to-target ratios characteristic of unsorted PBMC. Together, our results offer preclinical proof of concept for the clinical development of IPH4102 to treat patients with advanced CTCL. Cancer Res; 74(21); 6060–70. ©2014 AACR.
Leflunomide or Methotrexate for Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Earl Silverman, Richard Mouy, Lynn Spiegel, Lawrence K. Jung, Rotraud K. Saurenmann, Pekka Lahdenne, Gerd Horneff, Immaculada Calvo, Ilona S. Szer, Karen Simpson, John A. Stewart, Vibeke Strand
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

We compared the safety and efficacy of leflunomide with that of methotrexate in the treatment of polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in a multinational, randomized, controlled trial.Patients 3 to 17 years of age received leflunomide or methotrexate for 16 weeks in a double-dummy, blinded fashion, followed by a 32-week blinded extension. The rates of American College of Rheumatology Pediatric 30 percent responses (ACR Pedi 30) and the Percent Improvement Index were assessed at baseline and every 4 weeks for 16 weeks and every 8 weeks during the 32-week extension study.Of 94 patients randomized, 86 completed 16 weeks of treatment, 70 of whom entered the extension study. At week 16, more patients in the methotrexate group than in the leflunomide group had an ACR Pedi 30 response (89 percent vs. 68 percent, P=0.02), whereas the values for the Percent Improvement Index did not differ significantly (-52.87 percent vs. -44.41 percent, P=0.18). In both groups, the improvements achieved at week 16 were maintained at week 48. The most common adverse events in both groups included gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, and nasopharyngeal symptoms. Aminotransferase elevations were more frequent with methotrexate than with leflunomide during the initial study and the extension study.In patients with polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, methotrexate and leflunomide both resulted in high rates of clinical improvement, but the rate was slightly greater for methotrexate. At the doses used in this study, methotrexate was more effective than leflunomide.
Synchronized Precordial DC Shock in the Treatment of Arrhythmias.
Authors: Thomas Killip
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Synchronized Precordial DC Shock in the Treatment of Arrhythmias.Thomas Killip, M.D.Thomas Killip, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-323_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDrug therapy of arrhythmia, although well-established by long usage, frequently requires near toxic doses for effect and necessitates a tedious titration of dose and response. Recently a new method, synchronized precordial DC countershock, has been introduced in the management of arrhythmia. Experience with DC shock in the treatment of arrhythmia in more than 100 patients will be described. The technique has been utilized in more than 120 instances of arrhythmias, including atrial tachycardia, atrial tachycardia with block, atrial flutter and fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia. Sinus rhythm resulted in 85% of reversion attempts. No emboli occurred. Serial serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 323-323KeywordsArrhythmiaAtrial fibrillationDrug therapySerum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminaseShockTachycardiaVentricular tachycardia Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Prevalence of HBsAg in UK population
Authors: M A Vickers, A Y Puckett, P J Bowell
Journal: BMJ (1987)

bidity or fetal or neonatal death was lower in the actively managed group, and one cannot help noticing, despite its statistical irrelevance, that one stillbirth occurred among the conservatively managed patients.To say induction oflabour is the less desirable treatment would depend on showing either that this leads to increased fetal damage and death or that any reduction in these end points was so small that women would accept them in preference to the psychological disadvantages and risk of caesarean section with active management.A randomised trial to show any decrease in mortality from say 3 to 1 per 1000 will require 18478 patients in each arm of the trial to have a 90% chance of showing a difference at the p<0 05 significance level.Such a trial would be difficult to organise but is the only way in which a meaningful conclusion to this long discussed problem may be reached.This, of course, is one of the greatest dilemmas of modem obstetrics.The risks which we are called on to balance are so low that only an enormous study will show the safest method of management.Even this evidence, however is not a perfect guide, as many patients might consider a small risk worth while for other perceived advantages.
Three cases of glycogenic hepatopathy mimicking acute and relapsing hepatitis in type I diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jae Hwang Cha, Sang Ho Ra, Yu Mi Park, Yong Kwan Ji, Ji Hyun Lee, So Yeon Park, Soon Koo Baik, Sang Ok Kwon, Mee Yon Cho, Moon Young Kim
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2013)

Glycogenic hepatopathy (GH) is an uncommon cause of serum transaminase elevation in type I diabetes mellitus (DM). The clinical signs and symptoms of GH are nonspecific, and include abdominal discomfort, mild hepatomegaly, and transaminase elevation. In this report we describe three cases of patients presenting serum transaminase elevation and hepatomegaly with a history of poorly controlled type I DM. All of the cases showed sudden elevation of transaminase to more than 30 times the upper normal range (like in acute hepatitis) followed by sustained fluctuation (like in relapsing hepatitis). However, the patients did not show any symptom or sign of acute hepatitis. We therefore performed a liver biopsy to confirm the cause of liver enzyme elevation, which revealed GH. Clinicians should be aware of GH so as to prevent diagnostic delay and misdiagnosis, and have sufficient insight into GH; this will be aided by the present report of three cases along with a literature review. Keywords: Glycogen hepatopathy; Transaminase; Type I diabetes mellitus
Contribution of cerebrospinal fluid sCD19 levels to the detection of CNS lymphoma and its impact on disease outcome
Authors: Carmen Muñiz, Lourdes Martín-Martín, Antonio López, Blanca Sánchez-González, Antonio Salar, Julia Almeida, Juan-Manuel Sancho, José María Ribera, Cecilia Heras, Francisco Javier Peñalver, Marta Gómez, Eva González-Barca, Natalia Alonso, Belén Navarro, Teresa Olave, Francisco Sala, Eulogio Conde, José Antonio Márquez, Elena Cabezudo, Antonia Cladera, María García-Malo, María Dolores Caballero, Alberto Orfao
Journal: Blood (2014)
Medspeak made simplifax.
Authors: J Robb
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A fair maid plundered And when at last we do come to that fair maid statistics we observe with sorrow that she has been plundered and pillaged to provide a terminology that varies from the pretentious to the erroneous-or, in the case of parameter, both.No observation can now be recorded without saying that it is significant."His liver was significantly enlarged," "the hand was significantly swollen," the "tongue was significantly red," and so on ad infinitum.An author (and I speak for myself) is indeed often haunted by the question, Does this work really add up to anything ?Surely it must have some significance in the judgment of posterity, or in the opinion of his colleagues, or finally in his own conscience.All right; let there be no misunderstanding then.Everything observed, described, reported, compared must be significant.After all, the thing looks more different than mere chance would allow.Another term borrowed from statistics, where like "significant" it has a more restricted sense than in common usage, is population.No longer does an author report on a series of patients, or a group of them, or a sample; he reports on a population of them or even, as I have seen, a selected population of them.It sounds like something big, and authors know that big science is better than small science.It is all-embracing too, so that if an author's results are derived from a "population" they apply to pretty well everyone, not just his series of "subjects."And, as there is really nothing much beyond the population, that makes the results definitive as well.
Effect of growth hormone on short normal children.
Authors: P C Hindmarsh, C G Brook
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The growth of 26 short normal prepubertal children (mean age 8.4, height velocity standard deviation score for chronological age between +0.4 and -0.8) was studied for two years. Sixteen children were treated with somatrem (methionyl growth hormone) during the second year, and the remaining 10 children served as controls. During one year of treatment the height velocity standard deviation score for chronological age increased from the pretreatment mean of -0.44 (SD 0.33) to +2.20 (1.03). These values represented a change in height velocity from a pretreatment mean of 5.3 cm/year (range 4.6-6.9) to 7.4 cm/year (range 5.7-9.9). In the control group the height velocity standard deviation score was unchanged. Bone age advanced by 0.75 (0.33) years in the treated group compared with 0.70 (0.18) years in the control group. There was a significant increase in the height standard deviation score for bone age (0.63 (0.55] in the treated group. Multiple regression analysis of predictive factors contributing to the change in height velocity standard deviation score over the first year of treatment showed that the dose of growth hormone and pretreatment height velocity standard deviation score were important, together yielding a regression correlation coefficient of 0.80. The only metabolic side effect of treatment was an increase in fasting insulin concentration, which may be an important mediator of the anabolic effects of growth hormone. Treatment had no effect on thyroid function, blood pressure, or glucose tolerance. At the end of the treatment year seven of the 16 treated children had developed antibodies to growth hormone, but they were present in low titre with low binding capacity and in no child was growth attenuated. Biosynthetic growth hormone improved the height velocity of children growing along or parallel to the third height centile, but the effects on height prognosis need to be assessed over a longer period.
One in eight deaths is due to air pollution, says WHO
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Seven million people died from exposure to air pollution in 2012—equivalent to one in every eight of all deaths that year.1

New figures from the World Health Organization are more than double the previous estimates of deaths from air pollution. Previous estimates said that in 2004 two million people died from household air pollution2 and that 1.3 million died from outdoor air pollution in 2008.3

The most deaths were in the western Pacific and South East Asia, with a total of 3.3 million deaths linked to …
1116-5 Elevated preprocedural C-reactive protein levels predict death and stroke in patients after carotid artery stenting
Authors: David S Lee, Michael H Yen, Anjili Maroo, Ravish Sachar, Jakob Schneider, Mary Ellen Satava, Samir R Kapadia, Deepak L Bhatt, Christopher T Bajzer, Jay S Yadav
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The Clinical Interview Using DSM-IV, vol 1: Fundamentals
Authors: Burton C. Einspruch
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<b>DSM-IV Casebook: A Learning Companion to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,</b>edited by Robert L. Spitzer, Miriam Gibbon, Andrew E. Skodol, Janet B. W. Williams, and Michael B. First, 4th ed, 576 pp, $40.50, ISBN 0-88048-674-0, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, Inc, 1994. <b>Quick Reference to the Diagnostic Criteria From DSM-IV</b>, by the American Psychiatric Association, 358 pp, paper, $19, ISBN 0-89042-063-7, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1994. <b>Study Guide to DSM-IV</b>, by Michael A. Fauman, 420 pp, paper $26.95, ISBN 0-88048-696-1, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press Inc, 1994. <h3>Health Robbers</h3> <b>The Health Robbers: A Close Look at Quackery in America,</b>edited by Stephen Barrett and William T. Jarvis, 526 pp, $25.95, ISBN 0-87975-855-4, Buffalo, NY, Prometheus Books, 1993. And especially, from every shire's end Of England, to Canterbury they wend The holy blessed martyr to seek, Who helped them, when they were sick. Geoffrey Chaucer, The
Allergen‐specific immunotherapy in birch‐ and grass‐pollen‐allergic rhinitis. I. Efficacy estimated by a model reducing the biasof annual differences in pollen counts
Authors: L. Winther, H‐J. Malling, L. Moseholm, H. Mosbech
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: Evaluation of the efficacy of allergen‐specific immunotherapy (IT) with pollen extracts is complicated by annual variation in pollen intensity. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of birch and grass IT, taking into consideration these variations. Methods: After 1 year of observation, 52 patients with rhinoconjunctivitis and allergy to birch as well as grass pollen were allocated to double‐blinded clustered IT with aluminum‐adsorbed extract produced from either birch ( Betula verrucosa ) pollen or grass ( Phleum pratense ) pollen. After 1 year of treatment, the patients continued IT with their original extract and also received the other extract. During the three consecutive pollen seasons, the rhinoconjunctivitis symptom score and the use of antihistamines, eye‐drops, and oral prednisolone were recorded. Longitudinal data analysis was used to investigate the relation between different pollen counts and the magnitude of clinical efficacy. Results: An effect of IT was found on symptom score, antihistamine intake, and eye‐drop use for both birch and grass ( P values &lt;0.05). The mean reduction in symptom score/medication by IT ranged from 24% to 95%, depending on mean seasonal pollen counts. A minimum mean seasonal grass‐pollen count of 20–30 pollen grains m 3 was required for the efficacy of grass IT to emerge. Conclusions: A model was developed for evaluation of efficacy in longitudinal IT studies, taking the differences in annual pollen counts into consideration. The model showed a significant beneficial role of pollen IT in rhinoconjunctivitis patients allergic to birch and grass pollen.
Cystatin C increases in cardiac injury: a role in extracellular matrix protein modulation
Authors: L. Xie, J. Terrand, B. Xu, G. Tsaprailis, J. Boyer, Q. M. Chen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

AimsNumerous lines of evidence suggest a role of oxidative stress in initiation and progression of heart failure. We identify novel pathways of oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes using proteomic technology.
RIGHT-SIDED CAROTID PULSATIONS IN CASES OF SEVERE HYPERTENSION
Authors: GEORGE E. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

In studying a large group of women with hypertension, it will be found that a considerable number exhibit striking arterial pulsation phenomena in the right supraclavicular region and in the episternal notch. The first and most common example of cervical arterial pulsation is the systolic thrust of the aorta in the episternal notch. This expansile elevation of the aortic arch may be palpable, with visible pulsation lacking, and often a very definite pulsating mass may be observed pressing the loose areolar tissue of the episternal area upward, simulating somewhat an aneurysmal dilatation. Sometimes this is accompanied by subjective disagreeable sensations.  The second type of arterial pulsation in cases of hypertension is that resulting from elevation of the subclavian artery; this is not so striking as those affecting the aorta or the common carotid. More information may be elicited relative to the subclavian pulsations by palpation than by inspection.  The third
Childhood tuberculosis in Britain.
Authors: M. P. Dunkley, D. A. McGrouther
Journal: BMJ (1988)

tioners should remain open minded about the causes of effort syndromes.During our study patients were exercised to exhaustion as part of the test, but we do not imply this to be desirable during rehabilitation treatment.Dr A V Mark Hughson questioned the safety of exercise by comparing chronic enteroviral infection with poliomyelitis.This analogy is not a good one as in poliomyelitis activity is harmful in the acute illness and when problems present after a variable latent period these are due not to reactivation of viral activity but to previously covert weakness becoming overt for various reasons.I The evidence for the existence of chronic enteroviral infection in effort syndromes4 is limited whereas that for reactivation remains to be shown.Effort syndromes remain long term problems to affected patients and their families and to medical practitioners.Worthwhile therapeutic interventions remain scarce.A carefully graded increase in activity to reduce symptoms attributable to physical unfitness' therefore seems a reasonable and safe approach, assuming that serious disorders, such as myocardial ischaemia, are excluded.
Leukotactic properties of soluble substances inpsoriasis scale
Authors: HACHIRO TAGAMI, SHIGEO OFUJI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

In an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the production of transepidermal migration of leukocytes toward the stratum corneum in psoriatic lesions, the chemotactic properties of soluble substances in psoriasis scales were examined by a modified Boyden's chamber. All crude extracts of horny tissues studied, i.e. callus, scales of exfoliative dermatitis and of psoriasis vulgaris, showed chemotactic activity for human peripheral blood leukocytes. But only the chemotactic activity of the psoriasis scale extract was highly potent. This was greatly reduced after dialysis. Fresh serum was not required to manifest the chemotactic activity. By Sephadex G-200 chromatography, the scale extracts from psoriasis vulgaris and pustular psoriasis had potent activity eluted near the cytochrome C marker. The same fractions of other horny tissue extracts, bacterial filtrate prepared from cultured psoriasis scale fragments, and serum did not show such potent activity. On the basis of analysis by gel filtration and recent findings of immunopathological studies, a postulate was made that a complement derived chemotactic factor, possibly a C5 cleavage product, developed as a result of antigen-antibody reaction in the stratum corneum of psoriatic lesions.
Aid workers should strive for impartiality, new principles stipulate
Authors: W. Cui
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Aid workers are called on to follow core principles of doing no harm and remaining impartial, in an updated version of a handbook setting out standards for providing humanitarian assistance.

The principles are introduced as a new chapter to the third version of the Sphere Handbook , launched by humanitarian organisations earlier this month. The handbook establishes shared principles and minimum standards in four areas of humanitarian response: water and sanitation; food; shelter; and healthcare.

The handbook, which was revised by more than 650 experts from 300 organisations, calls on aid workers to assess the context and anticipate the …
Lower oesophageal contractility as an indicator of brain death in paralysed and mechanically ventilated patients with head injury
Authors: D J Hill
Journal: BMJ (1987)

jogging or brisk walking three times a week), yet only 15% of the population of the United Kingdom do this.The real benefits of exercise have not yet been emphasised, either by this campaign or by previous attempts, and the few hazards of exercise have been overemphasised.Mass screening and drug treatment are costly, exercise is cheap, and all that is required is a positive attitude by health authority managers and general practitioners.For these reasons and the financial state of the NHS exercise deserves a higher priority.