tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatic fat loss in advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Are alterations in serum adiponectin the cause?
Authors: David van der Poorten, Caroline F. Samer, Mehdi Ramezani-Moghadam, Sally Coulter, Marina Kacevska, Dennis Schrijnders, Lindsay E. Wu, Duncan McLeod, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Mina Komuta, Tania Roskams, Christopher Liddle, Lionel Hebbard, Jacob George
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Abstract Advanced liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is often accompanied by a reduction in hepatic fat to the point of complete fat loss (burnt-out NASH), but the mechanisms behind this phenomenon have not been elucidated. Adiponectin is raised in cirrhosis of any cause and has potent antisteatotic activity. In this study we examined 65 patients with advanced biopsy-proven NASH (fibrosis stage 3-4) and 54 with mild disease (fibrosis stage 0-1) to determine if disappearance of steatosis correlated with changes in serum adiponectin. All patents had fasting blood tests and anthropometric measures at the time of liver biopsy. Liver fat was accurately quantitated by morphometry. Serum adiponectin was measured by immunoassay. When compared to those with early disease, patients with advanced NASH were more insulin-resistant, viscerally obese, and older, but there was no difference in liver fat content or adiponectin levels. Adiponectin had a significant negative correlation with liver fat percentage in the whole cohort ( r = −0.28, P &lt; 0.01), driven by patients with advanced NASH ( r = −0.40, P &lt; 0.01). In advanced NASH, for each 4 μg/L increase in adiponectin there was an odds ratio OR of 2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3-3.0, P &lt; 0.01) for a 5% reduction in hepatic fat. Adiponectin was highly and significantly associated with almost complete hepatic fat loss or burnt-out NASH (12.1 versus 7.4 μg/L, P = 0.001) on multivariate analysis. A relationship between adiponectin, bile acids, and adipocyte fexaramine activation was demonstrated in vivo and in vitro , suggestive of hepatocyte-adipocyte crosstalk. Conclusion: Serum adiponectin levels in advanced NASH are independently associated with hepatic fat loss. Adiponectin may in part be responsible for the paradox of burnt-out NASH.
Four at-risk groups will be first to be vaccinated against swine flu, says chief medical officer
Authors: P. Dinsdale
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Children and adults aged between 6 months and 65 years who have conditions that could be exacerbated by flu will be given priority in England’s programme of vaccination against H1N1 influenza when the vaccine becomes available in October.

Next in line for the vaccine will be pregnant women, then household contacts of people who have a compromised immune system and people aged over 65 who qualify for vaccination against seasonal flu.

Frontline health and social care staff will be offered the vaccine at the same time …
Telomeres, Telomerase, and Human Disease
Authors: Steven E. Artandi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Telomeres, the genetic segments that appear at a chromosome's ends, have been known since the 1930s to have special properties that protect these ends. They were first isolated in the 1970s and 1980s and shown to be made up of DNA repeats that, when transferred to the ends of artificial chromosomes in yeast, could protect them from degradation. At the same time, a newly discovered enzyme called telomerase was found to add telomere repeats to the ends of chromosomes with the use of a dedicated RNA template. This mechanism of telomere addition by telomerase solved the "end-replication problem" — the . . .
A study of carbohydrate metabolism in postnecrotic cirrhosis of liver
Authors: R. T. T. Yeung, C. C. L. Wang
Journal: Gut (1974)

Intravenous glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, tolbutamide, and glucagon tests were carried out in 21 patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis. Based arbitrarily on the bromsulphthalein retention they were divided into group A, nine patients with less impaired liver function, and group B, 12 patients with greater impairment of liver function. Intravenous glucose and insulin tolerances were reduced in both groups. The hypoglycaemic effect of tolbutamide was similar in the controls and in both groups of cirrhotic patients but this was achieved at higher plasma insulin levels in group B indicating resistance of the liver to the effect of endogenous insulin. The blood glucose response to glucagon was markedly impaired in group B patients which is consistent with this hypothesis. In contrast to the insulin response to glucose and tolbutamide, the insulin response to glucagon was reduced in the cirrhotic patients. Fasting human growth hormone and free fatty acid levels were elevated in both groups but they were not considered to be important factors in the production of insulin resistance.
ABC of dermatology. Rashes with epidermal changes--I.
Authors: P K Buxton
Journal: BMJ (1987)

~~~~Iano 1Ibowrhosic deriFamiliarity with the clinical features ofpsoriasis and eczema, which all Pityriesis rou clinicians see from time to time, provides a basis for comparison with other Pityriasis lichenoides rather less common conditions. L L*docelesionsLichen planusLike psoriasis, the lesions are well defined and raised.They also occur in areas oftrauma-the Kobner phenomenon.Unlike psoriasis, there is no family history and no particular relation to stress.Itching is common.The distribution is on the flexor aspects ofthe limbs, particularly the ankles and wrists, rather than on the extensor surfaces, as in psoriasis.However, a localised form oflichen planus occurs on the shin.The typical flat topped lesions have a shiny hyperkeratotic lichenified surface with a violaceous colour, interrupted by milky white streaks- Wickham's striae.The oral mucosa is commonly affected with a white, net like appearance and sometimes ulceration.Lichen planus-nail.
Autoantibody to RNA polymerase I in scleroderma sera.
Authors: G Reimer, K M Rose, U Scheer, E M Tan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Autoantibodies to components of the nucleolus are a unique serological feature of patients with scleroderma. There are autoantibodies of several specificities; one type produces a speckled pattern of nucleolar staining in immunofluorescence. In actinomycin D and 5,6-dichloro-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole-treated Vero cells, staining was restricted to the fibrillar and not the granular regions. By double immunofluorescence, specific rabbit anti-RNA polymerase I antibodies stained the same fibrillar structures in drug-segregated nucleoli as scleroderma sera. Scleroderma sera immunoprecipitated 13 polypeptides from [35S]methionine-labeled HeLa cell extract with molecular weights ranging from 210,000 to 14,000. Similar polypeptides were precipitated by rabbit anti-RNA polymerase I antibodies, and their common identities were confirmed in immunoabsorption experiments. Microinjection of purified IgG from a patient with speckled nucleolar staining effectively inhibited ribosomal RNA transcription. Autoantibodies to RNA polymerase I were restricted to certain patients with scleroderma and were not found in other autoimmune diseases.
Chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer: results of a controlled, prospective, randomised, multicentre trial.
Authors: C N Mallinson, M O Rake, J B Cocking, C A Fox, M T Cwynarski, B L Diffey, G A Jackson, J Hanley, V J Wass
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Forty patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer were included in a prospective, randomised, controlled trial of multiple chemotherapy. The survival of 19 untreated control patients was compared with that of 21 patients who received an initiation course of intravenous fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and vincristine given over five days followed by intravenous fluorouracil and mitomycin given over three or five days at six-week intervals thereafter. Median survival in treated patients was 44 weeks, which was significantly longer than the nine weeks seen in controls. In patients without metastases median survival was 48 weeks in the treated group and 12 weeks in controls. In patients with metastases it was 30 weeks in treated patients and seven weeks in controls. The treatment was well tolerated and seemed to confer a significant prolongation of survival, comparing favourably with previous reports of chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. If the results are confirmed this regimen may be useful in district general hospital practice.
The Effect of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection on the Microcirculation of the Liver
Authors: Gary A. Levy, Peggy J. Macphee, Lai Sum Fung, Murray M. Fisher, Aron M. Rappaport
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

Mouse hepatitis virus type 3 infection results in strain-dependent liver disease. The effects of mouse hepatitis virus type 3 on the microcirculation of the liver in both fully susceptible (Balb/cJ) and fully resistant (A/J) mice were studied. In Balb/cJ mice, 6 to 12 hr following infection, abnormalities in liver blood flow were observed which consisted of granular blood flow in both terminal hepatic and terminal portal venules. In addition, sinusoidal microthrombi were present predominantly in periportal areas. By 24 to 48 hr, liver cell edema and small focal lesions were prominent. At 48 hr, thrombi and hepatocellular necrosis were widespread, and blood was shunted from damaged areas into patent sinusoids. In sharp contrast to these abnormal findings, normal streamlined blood flow was present in the resistant A/J animals at all time points following infection. Since large amounts of virus were demonstrated by immunofluorescene in and by recovery and growth from livers of both resistant and susceptible strains, the presence of the virus per se cannot explain the abnormalities observed.
Salvage Therapy with Bevacizumab–Sunitinib Combination after Failure of Sunitinib Alone for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series
Authors: Jacques Medioni, Eugeniu Banu, Dominique Helley, Florian Scotte, Laure Fournier, Arnaud Mejean, Antoine Chedid, Michel Azizi, Jean-Marie Andrieu, Stéphane Oudard
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Exploring the Dangerous Trades With Dr Alice Hamilton
Authors: Howard Markel
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Time to Hit HIV, Early and Hard
Authors: David D. Ho
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Early treatment of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains controversial. In the AIDS Clinical Trials Group 019 study, zidovudine was shown in 1990 to slow the clinical progression to AIDS in infected but asymptomatic subjects.1 However, a follow-up of those subjects found no evidence of longer survival with the use of zidovudine.2 Furthermore, the Concorde study found that there was not only no survival benefit from early treatment with zidovudine, but also no effect on the overall progression of disease.3 Now, in this issue of the Journal, Volberding et al. report the further results of the AIDS . . .
Safety of Assisted Reproductive Technology in the United States, 2000-2011
Authors: Jennifer F. Kawwass, Dmitry M. Kissin, Aniket D. Kulkarni, Andreea A. Creanga, Donna R. Session, William M. Callaghan, Denise J. Jamieson
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) continues to increase in the United States and globally.In an effort to improve patient safety, stimulation protocols have become less aggressive, oocyte retrieval has transitioned from laparoscopic to transvaginal, and pregnancy rates have improved. 1However, limited data exist regarding the incidence of mater-nal complications. 2 We explored incidence and trends in reported patient and donor complications
Domestic Violence: The Role of Alcohol
Authors: James D. Atwood
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am writing to comment on the two articles by Teri Randall<sup>1,2</sup>on domestic violence. I believe that these articles, on the one hand, did a real service to the medical community by alerting us to the large numbers of injuries due to domestic violence. On the other hand, the articles completely ignored the fact that domestic violence is another sign of alcohol and drug abuse in the family. Not only is domestic violence perpetrated by the alcoholic spouse on the sober spouse, it is also inflicted on the alcoholic spouse by the sober spouse. About one fourth of all American homes have been afflicted by an alcohol-related family problem.<sup>3</sup>Sixty-three percent of women in one study of family violence reported that their husbands were drinking when they were violent.<sup>4</sup> Moreover, the concluding comments to the second article compound this omission by stating: "In
Involvement of cyclic AMP and nitric oxide in immunoglobulin E-dependent activation of Fc epsilon RII/CD23+ normal human keratinocytes.
Authors: P A Bécherel, M D Mossalayi, F Ouaaz, L Le Goff, B Dugas, N Paul-Eugène, C Frances, O Chosidow, E Kilchherr, J J Guillosson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Epidermal keratinocytes (EK) are exposed to multiple inflammatory stimuli and paracrine factors secreted by various der- mal cells (lymphocytes, mast cells, macrophages, fibroblasts) during wounding, cutaneous allergy, and infections.We have previously demonstrated that after stimulation with interleukin 4 or interferon-y, human EK express the low-affinity receptor for IgE (FceRII/CD23) on their surface.In the present study, we showed that the ligation of CD23 by IgE/anti-IgE immune complexes or specific monoclonal antibody induces a dose-de- pendent release of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-a from EK. CD23-ligation activates the nitric oxide-dependent pathway, as demonstrated by the high levels of nitrites released in cell supernatants, and the accumulation of intracellular cy- clic nucleotides in EK.These second messengers are required for IgE-dependent stimulation of cytokine production by these cells, inasmuch as this is completely abolished by the use of cAMP or nitric oxide synthase antagonists.Human epithelial keratinocytes may thus participate in IgE-mediated immune responses, through their ability to express functional CD23 antigen.(
Sympathetic Overactivity in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Richard L. Converse, Tage N. Jacobsen, Robert D. Toto, Charles M.T. Jost, Frank Cosentino, Fetnat Fouad-Tarazi, Ronald G. Victor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Hypertension is a frequent complication of chronic renal failure, but its causes are not fully understood. There is indirect evidence that increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system might contribute to hypertension in patients with end-stage renal disease, but sympathetic-nerve discharge has not been measured directly in patients or animals with chronic renal failure.
First multicenter experience with percutaneous metallic commissurotomy for the treatment of mitral stenosis
Authors: A. Cribier, B. Letac, P.C. Rath, R. Arora, A. Imam, M. El-Sayed, R. Koning, H. Eltchannoff, G. Derumeaux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
German heart valve scandal continues
Authors: H. Karcher
Journal: BMJ (1995)

British hospital doctor wins hours settlementThe solicitor for Chris Johnstone, the former junior hospital doctor in Britain who last week won an out of court settlement over long working hours, is urging others to follow in his footsteps.Peter Taylor, a partner in the law firm Hempsons, cites research in 1987 which found that one in four junior hospital doctors was clinically depressed."They've all got a claim now," he said.Dr Johnstone made legal history six years ago when he sued Bloomsbury (now Cam- den and Islington) Health Authority for damaging his health by making
Brief Textbook of Surgery
Authors: Larry C. Gunn
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This comprehensive surgical textbook was designed specifically as core material for all undergraduate medical students regardless of their ultimate field of practice. Sixty-five eminently qualified authors contributed the 35 chapters. The basic fields of wound healing, infection, and physiology are covered in the initial chapters, while the subsequent chapters are devoted to the various subspecialties of oncology, cardiovascular and thoractic surgery, abdominal surgery, orthopedic surgery, urology, gynecology, transplantation, pediatric surgery, and neurosurgery. Since the authors themselves stated that this was not to be an all-encompassing text, the fact that it is not is certainly not a deficiency in this farranging textbook. However, for persons interested in standard surgery, more comprehensive textbooks should be available to provide supplementary information. Most chapters are followed by an ample number of references to assist the student in using additional sources of information. The overall organization of this textbook is excellent, and it adequately provides
The quality of life 10 years after liver transplantation
Authors: V. Karam, D. Castaing, C. Hiesse, V. Delvart, C. Danet, I. Gasquet, D. Azoulav, R. Adam, D. Samuel, J.D. Guelfi, H. Bismuth, B. Charpentier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Becker Muscular Dystrophy Associated with Focal Myositis on Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: PHILIP T. MINSHEW, EUGENE D. SILVERMAN, CAROL SAMUELS-BOTTS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Methods Bone scintigraphy was performed on a 6-year-old boy with possible sacroiliitis. Results Extraosseous uptake in the region of the paraspinal, psoas and calf muscles was noted and suggested myositis. Subsequently, his creatine kinase level was found to be elevated. Results of a neuromuscular examination, muscle biopsy with dystrophin immunostaining, and a multiplex polymerase chain reaction led to the diagnosis of Becker muscular dystrophy. Conclusions A patient with Becker muscular dystrophy had several distinct areas of myositis localized by bone scintigraphy. Pathologic features including focal myonecrosis and regeneration may contribute to this scintigraphic picture.
Local BMP-7 release from a PLGA scaffolding-matrix for the repair of osteochondral defects in rabbits
Authors: Mi Ra Jung, In Kyong Shim, Hye Jin Chung, Hye Rim Lee, Yoon Jeong Park, Myung Chul Lee, Young Il Yang, Sun Hee Do, Seung Jin Lee
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Tight regulation of French drug reps mean French doctors get more balanced information than doctors in the US
Authors: A. Silversides
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Limits placed by French authorities on what can be said and done by drug company sales representatives mean doctors in France receive more balanced information than their counterparts in the United States and Canada, a meeting on the regulation of drug promotion and the protection of public health was told.

Drug sales representatives in France provided information on harmful side effects of drugs in 60% of their encounters with doctors, but their counterparts in the US and Canada provided this information in fewer than 40% of encounters, according to results from a three country study of interactions between family doctors and drug sales representatives.

The French doctors were also rarely offered free samples (4% of them compared with 75% of doctors at the Vancouver site), and only 0.2% of French doctors were offered lunch or other food, compared with 23% in Vancouver and 24% at the US site …
EVALUATING THE ROLE OF CARDIAC BIOMARKERS FOR EARLY DETECTION AND PROGNOSIS OF CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Rachit M. Shah, Amol Bahekar, Anuj Shrestha, Rohit Bhuriya, Sandeep Khosla, Pam Khosla
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Pancreatitis and basal emphysema.
Authors: C M Ogilvie, E W Parry, G H Murray
Journal: BMJ (1972)

BiTiSH MBT I CAL JOUWAL.9 DECEMER 1972 place much reliance on om tie infec- tion rates from difet hospitals because of differences in methods of treatment and in prevalent strains of bacieria.Thes are by no means the only variables.We have been studying wound infections at this hospit for the past two years and have ied out ontinuous monitorig of all infections for over a year.An initial difficulty was to define what constitutes a wound infection.When a wound discare
Peter Michael Stephen Gillam
Authors: S. Gillam
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Peter was the sixth generation in a line of doctors from north Norfolk and the Fens, stretching back to the mid-1700s. Peter did not exactly choose medicine at Cambridge but he accepted the sentence with relish. It was a calling to which his many gifts amply suited him.

After higher training at University College Hospital and the Hammersmith, Peter moved to Salisbury in 1967. …
Silence of the LAM
Authors: C. S. H. Ng, S. Wan, I. Y. P. Wan, M. J. Underwood
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

To the Editors: 

We read with interest the article by Warth et al. 1 on mediastinal angiomyolipoma and tuberous sclerosis. Apart from mediastinal angiomyolipoma, lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) can occur as part of the genetic condition tuberous sclerosis 2. Since the first report by Cornog and Eterline 3, LAM has been increasingly studied for the pathological processes involved in atypical smooth muscle LAM cell proliferation. However, it has been difficult to gain complete understanding of the natural history of LAM due to its rarity. LAM tends to progress slowly and …
Effect of cobalt and chromium ions on human MG-63 osteoblasts in vitro: Morphology, cytotoxicity, and oxidative stress
Authors: Cyrille Fleury, Alain Petit, Fackson Mwale, John Antoniou, David J. Zukor, Maryam Tabrizian, Olga L. Huk
Journal: Biomaterials (2006)
Quantification of an antigen biomarker of paracetamol toxicity [3-(cystein-s-yl)paracetamol protein adduct (3-cys-P)] in overdose patients: Correlation with toxicity
Authors: H.E. Poulsen, D.W. Roberts, R.W. Benson, A.R. Warbritton, S. Loft, K. Dalhoff, J.A. Hinson, T.J. Bucci
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Bottom-Line Health Care?
Authors: Samuel Levey, Douglas D. Hesse
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Health care managers who began their careers in the halcyon 1950s and 1960s confronted environments that are almost unrecognizable today. Financial pressures were largely unknown. Strategic planning was invariably translated into decisions to expand facilities and services. Considerations of equity, quality, and access were in the forefront. Attracted by the nonprofit character of the field, most health care managers received their professional training in programs that would be termed "soft" today, given the drift toward health-administration curricula patterned after business-school courses. Since that time, shifts in institutional power have enabled managers to forsake merely "facilitative" roles for more decision-making responsibilities. . . .