tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Maladies may be linked to artists' materials
Authors: Kimberly Glasbrenner
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Creating art rarely is easy. So the last thing that artists need are health and safety hazards to make it even tougher. Now, the School of the Art Institute in Chicago is doing something to make art safer for both the professional and the hobbiest. During the past few months, the school, in cooperation with the Metropolitan Life Foundation, New York City, launched a nationwide campaign to educate artists and craftsmen about safe work practices in the classroom and in the studio. As part of the school's "Hazards in the Arts" program, a series of booklets entitled<i>Alternatives for the Artist</i>(School of the Art Institute, Chicago, 1981) has been written by Nancy Seeger, MFA, a research consultant for the Art Institute. These guides provide information about hazards related to materials used and about precautions to take when using them. Four major disciplines are addressed: ceramics, painting, photography, and printmaking.
TGF-β Promotion of Gli2-Induced Expression of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein, an Important Osteolytic Factor in Bone Metastasis, Is Independent of Canonical Hedgehog Signaling
Authors: Rachelle W. Johnson, Mai P. Nguyen, Susan S. Padalecki, Barry G. Grubbs, Alyssa R. Merkel, Babatunde O. Oyajobi, Lynn M. Matrisian, Gregory R. Mundy, Julie A. Sterling
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to bone, in which tumor cells receive signals from the bone marrow microenvironment. One relevant factor is TGF-β, which upregulates expression of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling molecule, Gli2, which in turn increases secretion of important osteolytic factors such as parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP). PTHrP inhibition can prevent tumor-induced bone destruction, whereas Gli2 overexpression in tumor cells can promote osteolysis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Hh inhibition in bone metastatic breast cancer would decrease PTHrP expression and therefore osteolytic bone destruction. However, when mice engrafted with human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were treated with the Hh receptor antagonist cyclopamine, we observed no effect on tumor burden or bone destruction. In vitro analyses revealed that osteolytic tumor cells lack expression of the Hh receptor, Smoothened, suggesting an Hh-independent mechanism of Gli2 regulation. Blocking Gli signaling in metastatic breast cancer cells with a Gli2-repressor gene (Gli2-rep) reduced endogenous and TGF-β-stimulated PTHrP mRNA expression, but did not alter tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, mice inoculated with Gli2-Rep-expressing cells exhibited a decrease in osteolysis, suggesting that Gli2 inhibition may block TGF-β propagation of a vicious osteolytic cycle in this MDA-MB-231 model of bone metastasis. Accordingly, in the absence of TGF-β signaling, Gli2 expression was downregulated in cells, whereas enforced overexpression of Gli2 restored PTHrP activity. Taken together, our findings suggest that Gli2 is required for TGF-β to stimulate PTHrP expression and that blocking Hh-independent Gli2 activity will inhibit tumor-induced bone destruction.
Home Health Care
Authors: Helen Salzman, Richard Langendorf, Paul Ravenna
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1987Home Health CareHELEN SALZMAN, M.S.W., RICHARD LANGENDORF, M.D., PAUL RAVENNA, M.D.HELEN SALZMAN, M.S.W.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD LANGENDORF, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PAUL RAVENNA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-1-168_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The position paper by the American College of Physicians on home health care (1) is timely and very informative, and it offers a firm base for the development of a home health service. We would like to add some suggestions, based on our experience with the Home Medical Service of Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago. This service was born of the observation that some chronically ill patients arrived at the clinic for scheduled visits in such poor condition that they had to be rehospitalized immediately. The death of a patient with cardiac disease a few minutes after...Reference1. . Home health care [Position paper]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:454-60. LinkGoogle Scholar1. . Home health care [Position paper]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:454-60. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ANCONA-BERKCHALMERS VT. An analysis of the costs of ambulatory and inpatient care. Am J Public Health. 1986;76:1102-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BRICKNER P. Home Health Care for the Aged. New York: Appleton-Century-Croft; 1982. Google Scholar4. KOREN M. Home care—who cares? N Engl J Med. 1986;314:917-20. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HELEN SALZMAN, M.S.W.; RICHARD LANGENDORF, M.D.; PAUL RAVENNA, M.D.Affiliations: 1815 Seward Street; Evanston, IL 60202 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLiquid Chromatography/Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry 1 January 1987Volume 106, Issue 1Page: 168-168KeywordsHealth careHeart diseasesMedical services ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Antiarrhythmic Drugs for All Patients With an ICD?
Authors: Richard L. Page
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long-term Care Insurance Probed
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Commentator's reply
Authors: J. Freedland
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Summerfield suggests that, by relying on data from the Israeli human rights organisation B’Tselem, I am “at risk of uncritically recycling figures that promote self-exculpating IDF mantras.”1 After all, he asserts, “B’Tselem must depend in part on what the IDF tells them.”

This is a serious charge to level at an organisation that has won international praise for its fearless monitoring of the Israeli occupation. Fortunately, it …
Serum Potassium and the Electrocardiogram in Hypokalemia
Authors: WALT F. WEAVER, HOWARD B. BURCHELL
Journal: Circulation (1960)

A definite correlation can be established between the electrocardiogram and the serum potassium level at hypokalemic levels. A study was made at the Mayo Clinic of 130 hypokalemic patients with relatively stable clinical states. Variations in Q-T intervals, P-R intervals, atrial rhythm, P waves, T/R values, and T-wave and U-wave contour in hypokalemia were noted as were the relationships between the T-U complex, electrical repolarization phenomena and potassium metabolism. Since modifying factors such as drugs, certain electrolyte disturbances, variations in cardiac rate, conduction defects, and myocardial ischemia were eliminated by careful selection of patients, only the influence of acid-base imbalance, sodium-potassium ratio, and hypertension on the electrocardiogram was studied. Acid-base imbalance and hypertension often simulated or obscured electrocardiographic evidence of hypokalemia. Electrocardiographic criteria of hypokalemia include various combinations of the following signs: (1) T/U value of 1 or less in lead II or V 3 , (2) U-wave amplitudes of greater than 0.5 mm. in lead II or greater than 1 mm. in V 3 , and (3) S-T depression of 0.5 mm. or more in lead II or leads V 1 , V 2 , and V 3 . It must be remembered that a normal electrocardiogram does not exclude hypokalemia and that an electrocardiogram which fulfills the established criteria does not necessarily indicate hypokalemia unless the factors discussed have been eliminated or minimized.
Re: Maxine Sun, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Marco Bianchi, et al. A Non-Cancer-Related Survival Benefit Is Associated With Partial Nephrectomy. Eur Urol 2012;61:725–31
Authors: Gurdarshan S. Sandhu, Youssef S. Tanagho, Sam B. Bhayani
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Time To Move from Presumptive Malaria Treatment to Laboratory-Confirmed Diagnosis and Treatment in African Children with Fever
Authors: Valérie D'Acremont, Christian Lengeler, Hassan Mshinda, Deo Mtasiwa, Marcel Tanner, Blaise Genton
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2008)

Current guidelines recommend that all fever episodes in African children be treated presumptively with antimalarial drugs. But declining malarial transmission in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, declining proportions of fevers due to malaria, and the availability of rapid diagnostic tests mean it may be time for this policy to change. This debate examines whether enough evidence exists to support abandoning presumptive treatment and whether African health systems have the capacity to support a shift toward laboratory-confirmed rather than presumptive diagnosis and treatment of malaria in children under five.
INTERCHANGEABILITY OF ANTIPARKINSONIAN MEDICATION
Authors: A. ST. JEAN, M. DONALD, T. A. BAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

In this study, conducted on 30 mental hospital patients manifesting extrapyramidal symptomatology, two antiparkinsonian drugs were interchanged with one another and with a placebo in a double-blind, crossover trial, and the results compared with a third antiparkinsonian drug used as a positive control. Physical and laboratory information was collected as well as ratings on psychiatric and extrapyramidal symptomatology. In all subgroups, the extrapyramidal symptom ratings were significantly higher (p>.005) when receiving placebo than when receiving promethazine, ethopropazine or trihexyphenidyl. This would indicate the effectiveness of these drugs in controlling extrapyramidal symptomatology as well as the inadequacy of placebo treatment in cases of overt extrapyramidal symptomatology. There were no significant changes in physical and laboratory measures, nor in ratings of psychiatric symptoms under any of the experimental conditions.
The Bronchodilator Effects and Pharmacokinetics of Caffeine in Asthma
Authors: Allan B. Becker, Keith J. Simons, Catherine A. Gillespie, F. Estelle R. Simons
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

We compared the bronchodilator effects and pharmacokinetics of orally administered caffeine (10 mg per kilogram of body weight) and theophylline (5 mg per kilogram) in a double-blind, single-dose study in asthmatic patients 8 to 18 years of age. After 48 hours of withdrawal of all methylxanthines, 13 patients received caffeine and 10 received theophylline. Significant improvements in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and forced expiratory flow rates occurred from one to six hours after administration of either caffeine or theophylline. The bronchodilator effect of caffeine did not differ significantly from that of theophylline and was maximal two hours after ingestion of each drug. Peak serum levels of caffeine (13.5 +/- 2.9 mg per liter) occurred at one hour, and peak levels of theophylline (8.4 +/- 1.7 mg per liter) at 2.2 +/- 0.8 hours. The mean serum half-time for caffeine was 3.9 +/- 1.4 hours and that for theophylline was 5.8 +/- 1.7 hours. All patients receiving caffeine metabolized it to paraxanthine, theobromine, and theophylline. Mild, transient side effects were seen after both caffeine and theophylline. Vital signs did not change significantly after either drug. We conclude that caffeine, a commonly available chemical, is an effective bronchodilator in young patients with asthma.
Onset and dose-related efficacy of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy tablets in an environmental exposure chamber
Authors: Hendrik Nolte, Jennifer Maloney, Harold S. Nelson, David I. Bernstein, Susan Lu, Ziliang Li, Amarjot Kaur, Petra Zieglmayer, René Zieglmayer, Patrick Lemell, Friedrich Horak
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
What happened to elderly people in the great Hanshin earthquake
Authors: N. Tanida
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The great Hanshin earthquake on 17 January 1995 hit the elderly population of an urban society particularly hard.More than halfofthe fatalities were among those over 60 years old, and in this age group female fatalities were almost double those of men.Surviving elderly people were largely left to their own devices and became relegated to the marginal space in shelters.Elderly people tended not to proclaim their problems, and so their suffering tended to be underestimated.Again, as survivors rebuilt their homes and moved back, elderly people and other vulnerable groups tended to be left behind in temporary accommodation.This tragedy has shown that special attention and continuous care is necessary for elderly and vulnerable people after such disasters. The great Hanshin earthquakeOn 17 January 1995 the great Hanshin earthquake devastated an area 20 km long and 1 km wide, causing heavy damage to Kobe and nearby cities in Japan (table 1).There were nearly 1.6 million inhabitants in Table 1-Sufferers of the great Hanshin earthquake in Kobe and nearby cities No of cases/1000 population Fatalities
Association between serum testosterone concentration and collagen degradation fragments in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Michiaki Fukui, Hiroyuki Ose, Ichiko Nakayama, Hiroko Hosoda, Mai Asano, Mayuko Kadono, Shin-ichi Mogami, Masahiro Yamazaki, Goji Hasegawa, Toshikazu Yoshikawa, Naoto Nakamura
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Phase 3 study of nilotinib vs imatinib in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: ENESTchina
Authors: Jianxiang Wang, Zhi-Xiang Shen, Giuseppe Saglio, Jie Jin, He Huang, Yu Hu, Xin Du, Jianyong Li, Fanyi Meng, Huanling Zhu, Jianda Hu, Jianmin Wang, Ming Hou, Sabine Hertle, Hans D. Menssen, Christine-Elke Ortmann, Catherine Tribouley, Ye Yuan, Michele Baccarani, Xiaojun Huang
Journal: Blood (2015)
Diagnosis and management of community and hospital acquired pneumonia in adults: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: S. Eccles, C. Pincus, B. Higgins, M. Woodhead
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Community acquired pneumonia is a common condition that causes considerable morbidity and has a mortality rate of approximately 20% for patients admitted to hospital in the United Kingdom.1 It is diagnosed in 5-12% of adults who present to general practitioners with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection,2 3 and 22-42% are subsequently admitted to hospital.3 4 Adherence to previous guidelines has been poor, and this variation in practice can lead to suboptimal outcomes such as increased mortality and longer stay in hospital.5 6 7 Hospital acquired pneumonia (excluding ventilator associated pneumonia) has a point prevalence of approximately 1% of hospital inpatients, is estimated to lengthen hospital admission by an average of eight days, and has a high mortality rate.8 9 This article summarises the most recent recommendations for the management of both types of pneumonia from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).10 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence and explicit consideration of cost effectiveness. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the Guideline Development Group's experience and opinion of what constitutes good practice. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. ### Presentation with lower respiratory tract infection Of people who present to general practitioners with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection, only a small proportion have community acquired pneumonia. In those who do not have a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, the decision whether to prescribe antibiotics can be difficult, with a tendency towards over-prescription. Performing a point of care C reactive protein test can help to identify patients with lower respiratory tract infections who will, and will not, benefit from antibiotics.
Endothelial targeting of polymeric nanoparticles stably labeled with the PET imaging radioisotope iodine-124
Authors: Eric A. Simone, Blaine J. Zern, Ann-Marie Chacko, John L. Mikitsh, Eric R. Blankemeyer, Silvia Muro, Radu V. Stan, Vladimir R. Muzykantov
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
The E3 ligase Itch and deubiquitinase Cyld act together to regulate Tak1 and inflammation
Authors: Neesar Ahmed, Minghui Zeng, Indrajit Sinha, Lisa Polin, Wei-Zen Wei, Chozhavendan Rathinam, Richard Flavell, Ramin Massoumi, K Venuprasad
Journal: Nature Immunology (2011)
Complementary medicine: Authors' reply
Authors: P. Fisher, E C Huskisson, P. Turner, P. Belon
Journal: BMJ (1989)

for most patients, and such a practice will produce recurrence of symptoms with much suffering.It may also be a dangerous action in women with depression responsive to oestrogen.This approach might be used to justify a study of the pharmaco- kinetics of implants, but we would argue that this is inhumane management of individual patients.We would agree that there is currently no evidence that such high oestradiol concentrations are dangerous, but we need more information about those patients who seem to need increasingly frequent hormone implants.On the other hand, we do know that treatment with percutaneous oestradiol produces a greater density in vertebral and femoral bone than does oral treatment.This difference is directly related to oestradiol concen- trations.<Indeed, in a prospective study we found an 8% increase in spinal bone density and a significant correlation between the incremental increase in vertebral bone density and the oestradiol concentrations achieved after one year of treatment with percutaneous implants (unpublished data).Oestrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women is probably the most important advance in preventive medicine in the Western world for half a century.There is much evidence that oestradiol implants, by virtue of the higher oestradiol concentrations achieved, are the most effective and acceptable mode of hormone replacement therapy.The occasional finding of supra- physiological concentrations of oestradiol does not encourage us to change this view.
Comparison of ST segment/heart rate index to standard ST criteria for analysis of exercise electrocardiogram.
Authors: B Lachterman, K G Lehmann, R Detrano, J Neutel, V F Froelicher
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The objective of our study was to compare the discriminating power of a proposed ST segment/heart rate index with that of a standard method of assessing exercise-induced ST segment depression for diagnosing coronary artery disease. We used a cross-sectional retrospective analysis of exercise test and coronary angiographic data. The study took place in a 1,200-bed Veterans Affairs Medical Center; participants were 328 male patients who had undergone both a sign and symptom-limited treadmill test and coronary angiography. The sensitivity of the ST segment/heart rate index was 54% at a cut point of 0.021 mm/(beats/min), corresponding to a specificity of 73%. The standard visual ST segment analysis had a sensitivity of 58% at this same specificity, which corresponded to an ST segment cut point of 1-mm depression relative to rest (p = NS). Similarly, for diagnosing three-vessel or left main coronary disease, no significant difference was found between the sensitivities or the two measurements at cut points of equivalent specificity. In this consecutive series of patients presenting for routine clinical testing, the ST segment/heart rate index did not improve the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise test for identifying the presence or severity of coronary artery disease relative to standard visual criteria.
Arterial embolus. Manifestation of unsuspected myxoma
Authors: J. R. Thompson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Right internal carotid and left brachial arterial occlusions resulting from left atrial myxoma occurred in the absence of cardiac findings to explain the embolization. Following surgical removal of the myxomatous emboli, a cardiac source was suspected, and therefore, cardiac surgery was performed. A small, irregular tumor base was found in the left atrium, but no morphologic heart abnormalities were present. When nonfatal arterial emboli occur, even in the presence of a normal cardiac evaluation, an aggressive angiographic and surgical search for the cause may prevent future fatal embolization due to primary cardiac myxoma. (J<i>AMA</i>228:864-865, 1974)
Arsenic Exposure-Reply
Authors: Henry A. Peters
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  The letter of Horvath and colleagues highlights our observation that burning CCA-treated wood liberates to the air ash and dust of the metals arsenic-V, copper, and chrome. 1 The recurring (seasonal) alopecia that appeared in all eight family members during the cold winter months made us suspect that arsenic or thallium could be the causative agent for the hair loss, skin rashes, bleeding, gastrointestinal tract distress, severe respiratory tract illness (that led to tracheostomy in the youngest child), and blackouts.  The chronic low-level exposure rather than an acute exposure as in criminal cases of poisoning did not produce Mees' lines in the nails. Moreover, the fact that the arsenic was in the penta form meant that the effect of the arsenic was not lethal (as would have been possible had the arsenic been in the trivalent form). Since arsenic reacts rapidly in vivo with the sulfhydryl pool, urinary