tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INHALED SILICA AND ITS EFFECT ON NORMAL AND TUBERCULOUS LUNGS
Authors: LEROY U. GARDNER
Journal: JAMA (1934)

It is no longer reasonable to maintain that all kinds of dust are equally dangerous to the lungs. A very convincing array of clinical, statistical and experimental observations has demonstrated that dusts composed, in whole or in part, of silica are capable of exciting a characteristic, progressive, nodular fibrosis of the lungs and that at the same time these organs become abnormally. susceptible to the tubercle bacillus. All the other types of dust that have thus far been investigated can apparently be inhaled almost with impunity for long periods of time. It was originally claimed that only uncombined or "free" silica in the form of quartz was capable of producing this effect, but in recent years there has been a growing tendency to look with suspicion on some of the silicates (combinations of silica with bases). One of them, asbestos, a silicate of magnesium, is now a well recognized cause
The epidermal nerve fibre network: characterization of nerve fibres in human skin by confocal microscopy and assessment of racial variations
Authors: D.M. REILLY, D. FERDINANDO, C. JOHNSTON, C. SHAW, K.D. BUCHANAN, M.R. GREEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

As a first line of defence, the skin is equipped with a complex and interactive nerve fibre system to detect irritants and maintain homeostasis. The dermal component of this fibre network has been well characterized and fibres are known to extend throughout the viable epidermis as free nerve endings. To date, this epidermal component remains poorly characterized. We have visualized human volar forearm epidermal nerve fibres by laser-scanning confocal microscopy using the pan-neuronal marker, protein gene-product 9.5 and specific antibodies to substance P. calcitonin gene-related peptide and nerve growth factor. In addition to the varicose free nerve endings, there is a 3-D fibre network in normal human epidermis, with frequent branching of fibres. Branching can be seen to converge on a central trunk apparently extending to the dermis. Thin unmyelinated fibres can be seen in all layers of the viable epidermis. Substance P staining is rarely observed and is much less intense than the protein gene-product 9.5 staining. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and nerve growth factor were not detected in volar forearm epidermis by this method. Pretreatment of the skin in vivo with the neuropharmacological agent, capsaicin, resulted in loss of epidermal fibre staining indicating that these are sensory fibres of the primary C-afferent type. Epidermal innervation in racial and ethnic skin types was also assessed. No apparent difference in innervation was observed between European caucasian and Japanese/Chinese skin at the architectural or biochemical level, i.e. the presence, properties and biochemical content of fibres was similar in all cases tested.
The Association Between Peri-aortic Fat and Long-term Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Zeynettin Kaya, Seref Ulucan, Hüseyin Katlandur, Ahmet Keser, Abdullah Tuncez, Yusuf İzzettin Alihanoğlu, Duran Efe, Mehmet Kayrak, Mehmet Sıddık Ülgen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
REAL-WORLD WARFARIN PATIENTS SELF-TESTING WITHIN A COMPREHENSIVE SUPPORT SERVICE REPRESENT A NEW STANDARD OF CARE, ATTAINING HIGH QUALITY ANTICOAGULATION CONTROL
Authors: Grace DeSantis, Jackie Hogan-Schlientz, Gary Liska, Shari Kipp, Ramarion Sallee, Mark Wurster, Jack Ansell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Growth Factor Synthesis and Human Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: S. P. Ethier
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Growth Factor Synthesis and Human Breast Cancer Progression Get access Stephen P. Ethier Stephen P. Ethier * * Correspondence to: Stephen P. Ethier, Ph.D., Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, The University of Michigan Medical School, 1331 e. Ann St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109–0582. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 13, 5 July 1995, Pages 964–973, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.13.964 Published: 05 July 1995
PEMPHIGUS AND MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
Authors: Marjorie Ridley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article PEMPHIGUS AND MYASTHENIA GRAVIS Get access Marjorie Ridley Marjorie Ridley Whittington Hospital London, N.19 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue 5, 1 November 1973, Pages 545–546, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb03021.x Published: 01 November 1973
Les biopsies réalisées avec un gastroscope de petit calibre sont plus petites mais pas moins efficaces: évaluation prospective de 1332 biopsies
Authors: T Walter, A Chesnay, J Dumortier, MG Lapalus, V Lepilliez, V Hervieu, F Mege, T Ponchon, JY Scoazec
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: Au cours de la dernière décennie, grâce au progrès de miniaturisation, il a été démontré que l'utilisation d'endoscope de petit diamètre, permet de réaliser la gastroscopie par voie nasale en routine, sans sédation, ce qui en améliore la tolérance [1,2]. La qualité des biopsies réalisées avec ces endoscopes de petit calibre n'a jamais été spécifiquement étudiée, en particulier pour les lésions focales.
Red Wine Polyphenolic Compounds Strongly Inhibit Pro-Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Expression and Its Activation in Response to Thrombin via Direct Inhibition of Membrane Type 1–Matrix Metalloproteinase in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Min-Ho Oak, Jasser El Bedoui, Patrick Anglard, Valérie B. Schini-Kerth
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Regular consumption of moderate amounts of red wine is associated with a reduced risk of coronary disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that participate in extracellular matrix degradation have been involved in atherosclerotic plaque growth and instability. The present study examined whether red wine polyphenolic compounds (RWPCs) inhibit activation of MMP-2, a major gelatinase, in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).Expression of pro-MMP-2 was assessed by Western and Northern blot analyses; MMP-2 activity was assessed by zymography and cell invasion by a modified Boyden's chamber assay. High levels of pro-MMP-2 and low levels of MMP-2 activity were found in conditioned medium from unstimulated VSMCs. Thrombin induced cell-associated pro-MMP-2 protein expression and MMP-2 activity in conditioned medium of VSMCs. The stimulatory effect of thrombin on MMP-2 activation was prevented by RWPCs in a concentration-dependent and reversible manner. Thrombin markedly increased cell-associated membrane type 1 (MT1)-MMP activity, the physiological activator of pro-MMP-2, and this response was not affected by RWPCs. However, addition of RWPCs directly to MT1-MMP abolished its metalloproteinase activity in a reversible manner. Finally, matrix invasion of VSMCs was stimulated by thrombin, and this response was prevented by RWPCs as efficiently as a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor.The present findings demonstrate that RWPCs effectively inhibit thrombin-induced matrix invasion of VSMCs, most likely by preventing the expression and activation of MMP-2 via direct inhibition of MT1-MMP activity. The inhibitory effect of RWPCs on the activation of pro-MMP-2 and matrix degradation might contribute to their beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.
Systemic transmigration of allosensitizing donor dendritic cells to host secondary lymphoid organs after rat liver transplantation
Authors: Hisashi Ueta, Changde Shi, Nobutomo Miyanari, Xue‐Dong Xu, Shu Zhou, Masaki Yamashita, Taichi Ezaki, Kenjiro Matsuno
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Donor dendritic cell (DC) migration and allosensitization in host secondary lymphoid organs after liver transplantation are ill defined. We used rat models to investigate graft-derived cells and intrahost allosensitization. Liver transplantation induced diffuse blood-borne migration of donor major histocompatibility class II antigen-positive (MHCII(+)) cells and MHCI(+) cells from the graft to host secondary lymphoid organs, not only the spleen, but also lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. The migrated MHCII(+) cells included DCs and some T cells and B cells. The DCs formed clusters with host BrdU(+) cells where they up-regulated CD86(+), and a CD8(+) T cell proliferative response originated within 24 hours after liver transplantation, demonstrating that these DCs can quickly mature and trigger direct allosensitization in host lymphoid organs. Transfer of allogeneic bone marrow cells also induced DC transmigration and a similar host response. In contrast, allogeneic thoracic duct lymph cells contained many fewer transmigrating DCs, and their transfer induced a comparable T cell response but significantly weaker CD8(+) T cell proliferation. Thus, there is a different outcome via the indirect pathway by host DCs that have captured donor alloantigens.The rat liver as well as bone marrow contains an immature DC population that can systemically transmigrate through blood vessel walls of the host secondary lymphoid organs, quickly mature, and induce diffuse intrahost CD8(+) T cell responses, which may promote graft rejection.
Vincent England Sherburn
Authors: Bob Redfern
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Former senior medical officer medical boarding centre (respiratory diseases) Sheffield (b 1923; q Manchester 1946; MFOM RCP Lond), died from pneumonia on 18 November 2005.

As a student Vincent Sherburn (“Vin”) operated on some of the first casualties evacuated from the D Day landings in June 1944. In 1952 he was appointed to the northeast mass radiography unit, dealing predominantly with industrial chest diseases. In 1964 he was appointed medical officer to the medical boarding centre in Sheffield, later becoming senior medical officer until his retirement in 1993. He served as honorary medical officer to the Doncaster race course, 1951-93. He leaves a wife, Beryl; two children; and two grandsons.
Laboratory Detection of Marijuana Use
Authors: Richard H. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Frequent smoking of cannabis (marijuana) has been shown to be associated with a decline in social, mental, and perceptual skills and, during adolescence, with maladaptive emotional development. Urinalysis for the detection of such use can be a useful tool for the physician responsible for treatment and counseling of adolescents who develop habitual use of marijuana. Primary methods for urinalysis detection of cannabis use include the homogenous enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) and the radioimmunoassay. These and other methods are discussed along with the issues of "false" results (both positive and negative) and the "limits of interpretation" that can be placed on a positive urine result. The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the active constituents of cannabis are described as well as the interpretation of urinalysis results as they relate to use patterns. Guidelines are presented for the primary care physician for selecting candidates for such testing and for the use of such tests in the treatment or counseling of adolescents for whom marijuana abuse has become a psychological and social problem. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:788-792)
Effect of NS-018, a selective JAK2V617F inhibitor, in a murine model of myelofibrosis
Authors: Y Nakaya, K Shide, H Naito, T Niwa, T Horio, J Miyake, K Shimoda
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

A single somatic mutation, V617F, in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is one of the causes of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including primary myelofibrosis, and the JAK2V617F mutant kinase is a therapeutic target in MPN. However, inhibition of wild-type (WT) JAK2 can decrease the erythrocyte or platelet (PLT) count. Our selective JAK2 inhibitor, NS-018, suppressed the growth of Ba/F3 cells harboring JAK2V617F more strongly than that of cells harboring WT JAK2. The 4.3-fold JAK2V617F selectivity of NS-018 is higher than the 1.0- to 2.9-fold selectivity of seven existing JAK2 inhibitors. NS-018 also inhibited erythroid colony formation in JAK2V617F transgenic mice at significantly lower concentrations than in WT mice. In keeping with the above results, in a JAK2V617F bone marrow transplantation mouse model with a myelofibrosis-like disease, NS-018 reduced leukocytosis and splenomegaly, improved bone marrow fibrosis and prolonged survival without decreasing the erythrocyte or PLT count in the peripheral blood. By exploring the X-ray co-crystal structure of NS-018 bound to JAK2, we identified unique hydrogen-bonding interactions between NS-018 and Gly993 as a plausible explanation for its JAK2V617F selectivity. These results suggest that NS-018 will have therapeutic benefit for MPN patients through both its efficacy and its reduced hematologic adverse effects.
In a Trauma Room
Authors: Daniel C. Bryant
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Ad Libitum15 December 1996In a Trauma RoomDaniel C. Bryant, MDDaniel C. Bryant, MDCape Elizabeth, ME.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-12-199612150-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I knew the respiratory therapistwho drew the gasbut not her name,the name of the nursepushing Lasixbut nothing else.And who was I, for that matter?Another listener to lungsin a Trauma Room.“No tubes,” the old man mutteredbehind his oxygen mask.“I've got no one.”At the wordswe looked to each other,before we looked at him. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cape Elizabeth, ME.Corresponding Author: Daniel C. Bryant, MD, 11 Rock Wall Lane, Cape Elizabeth, ME 04107. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1996Volume 125, Issue 12Page: 974KeywordsLungsNursesOxygen Issue Published: 15 December 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Health of the nation: Author's reply
Authors: P. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1991)

199 500).Consumption fell from 9 81 litres of pure alcohol per adult to 9 47 litres.3The categorical statement that "as affordability increases so does consumption and vice versa" is simply not true.The figure opposite this statement shows that during 1985-9 affordability increased sharply while consumption levelled off and then fell.Anderson is rather scornful of current education campaigns that focus on sensible drinking because they may be counterproductive to his favoured population approach, which seems to entail elements of compulsion.In the Health ofthe Nation the government accepts that, in the end, people cannot be coerced into good health and that imposed strategies are valueless.The key seems to be education and not coercion that is based on flawed statistics and statistical reasoning.
Isolation, characterization, and localization of cardiac collagen type VI. Associations with other extracellular matrix components.
Authors: R I Bashey, A Martinez-Hernandez, S A Jimenez
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

We have isolated and characterized collagen type VI from murine, canine, and nonhuman primate hearts. In the three species studied, collagen type I was the major collagenous component of the cardiac interstitium (80% of total collagen), whereas collagen type VI represented approximately 5% of total collagen. To define the exact distribution of collagen type VI and its possible interactions with other components of the cardiac extracellular matrix, collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, laminin, and fibronectin were localized in the rat myocardium by immunohistochemistry, using monospecific antibodies. In the rat myocardium, collagen type VI was prevalent in the media and adventitia of muscular arteries, in fine connective tissue septa, in the area surrounding capillaries, and in the delicate endomysium in proximity to myocardial cells. When compared with the immunohistochemical localization of collagen types I, III, and IV, laminin, and fibronectin, the continuity and hierarchical organization of the cardiac extracellular matrix became apparent. The matrix forms a continuous network extending from the pericardium to the endocardium. Furthermore, there is an arborescent hierarchy in the system such that collagen type I is more prevalent in the wider septa, collagen type III being more obvious in medium-sized branches, and fibronectin and collagen type VI prevailing in the terminal (pericellular) aspects of the network. In this pericellular location, fibronectin and collagen type VI, by means of specific interactions, may act as anchor components linking the myocardial cell basement membranes not only to the extracellular matrix but also to the cardiac interstitial cells. This continuity, organization, and coupling of the cardiac extracellular matrix appears well suited to integrate and distribute the physical stress generated by the continuous contraction and relaxation of the myocardium.
National cancer centre is good idea
Authors: K. Sikora
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Britain is indeed one of the few countries not to have a single focus for teaching and research for cancer, as Waxman and Gibson point out.1 Even in many low resource environments considerable effort has been made to concentrate expertise. At a time when cancer treatment is likely to change owing to the impact of new molecular treatment strategies, the need for a leading institution has never been greater. But Waxman and Gibson stop short …
Acute Gouty Arthritis and Response to Colchicine in the Virtual Absence of Synovial-Fluid Leukocytes
Authors: R. Wade Ortel, David S. Newcombe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

ALTHOUGH the mechanism of action of colchicine in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis remains unproved, the various theories for its action have a common requirement — the participation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.1 , 2 Moreover, theories regarding the mechanism of the acute arthritis itself usually postulate an essential role for polymorphonuclear leukocytes.3 , 4 Question about this obligatory role was raised by the response of proved acute gouty arthritis to colchicine in a renal-transplant patient with virtual absence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from the synovial fluid.Case ReportA 26-year-old uoemployed male cook received a renal transplant (cadaveric) at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont, . . .
Pharmacodynamic Effects of Prasugrel Dosing Regimens in Patients on Maintenance Prasugrel Therapy
Authors: Antonio Tello-Montoliu, Salvatore D. Tomasello, José Luis Ferreiro, Masafumi Ueno, Naveen Seecheran, Bhaloo Desai, Murali Kodali, Ronald K. Charlton, Lyndon C. Box, Martin M. Zenni, Luis A. Guzman, Theodore A. Bass, Dominick J. Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Tuberculosis infection in a paediatric department.
Authors: C J Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Sputum-positive tuberculosis was diagnosed in a member of the medical staff of a paediatric department. Four children were infected, all suffering from debilitating diseases. Three of them had evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Eighty-two infants in the baby care unit during the eight weeks before the diagnosis of the index case were given insurance isoniazid treatment. None developed tuberculosis. Whereas nearly all the non-medical adult contacts were traced and examined, fewer than half the medical contacts attended for chest radiography. All babies in the pre-allergic phase of contact, and all children whose natural immunity is likely to be depressed, should receive antituberculosis insurance chemotheraphy.
Handbook and Atlas of Gastrointestinal Exfoliative Cytology
Authors: Tilde S. Kline
Journal: JAMA (1974)

This atlas on gastrointestinal cytology has been long overdue. During the past two decades the group from the University of Chicago has done pioneer work in this field. This book describes methods of cell collection and analysis of findings in lesions of the esophagus, stomach, duodenal region, and colon. Statistics from old studies have been reviewed; in some instances current results are less satisfactory than earlier. For example, of 334 patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach, only 259 (77.5%) had positive cytologic specimens; whereas in 1965,<i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i>, 220 (86%) of 257 had positive cytologic specimens. Recent developments of fiberoptic endoscopy are discussed. The advantages are several—the cytologic specimen is taken at the same time as the endoscopy, rather than separately; collection time is markedly shortened; and the smears have large numbers of well-preserved pathologic cells. Interestingly, of 50 patients with malignant neoplasms, direct brushing resulted in positive,
Role for HLA in susceptibility to infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Paul J. Farrell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Factors involved in determining whether infectious mononucleosis occurs after primary EBV infection may include age, dose of virus received, and various genetic markers. A study by McAulay and colleagues reported in this issue of the JCI shows that the presence of certain HLA class I alleles correlates with the incidence and severity of infectious mononucleosis (see the related article beginning on page 3042). These same HLA alleles are also risk factors for EBV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), supporting recent epidemiology that indicates that a history of infectious mononucleosis predisposes to HL. Recent studies suggest that an EBV vaccine might help to prevent infectious mononucleosis, and further development of this should now be considered.
Long-Term Effects of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of the Totally Occluded Infarct-Related Artery in the Subacute Phase After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Judith S. Hochman, Harmony R. Reynolds, Vladimír Džavík, Christopher E. Buller, Witold Ruzyllo, Zygmunt P. Sadowski, Aldo P. Maggioni, Antonio C. Carvalho, James M. Rankin, Harvey D. White, Suzanne Goldberg, Sandra A. Forman, Daniel B. Mark, Gervasio A. Lamas
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Despite observations suggesting a benefit for late opening of totally occluded infarct-related arteries after myocardial infarction, the Occluded Artery Trial (OAT) demonstrated no reduction in the composite of death, reinfarction, and class IV heart failure over a 2.9-year mean follow-up. Follow-up was extended to determine whether late trends would favor either treatment group.