tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of plasma prothrombin and factor VII and urine prothrombin F1 concentrations in patients on long-term warfarin therapy and those in the initial phase
Authors: David M. Weinstock, Ping Chang, David L. Aronson, Craig M. Kessler
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Control of warfarin anticoagulation during the initial phase of therapy is difficult and empirically based. Plasma and urine samples were obtained from normal controls, patients under stable anticoagulation, and patients in the initial phase of anticoagulation. Total plasma prothrombin, des-carboxy (non-adsorbable with barium chloride) prothrombin, and native (total minus non-adsorbable) prothrombin were quantitated using Echis carinatus venom activation. Functional plasma factor VII (VII) was measured using a one-stage clotting assay. Total and des-carboxy urine prothrombin F1 (F1) were measured by ELISA. All urine F1 in normals and both anticoagulated groups was adsorbed by barium chloride. Plasma des-carboxy prothrombin concentration was similar for the two anticoagulated groups and did not correlate with 1/INR. Native prothrombin correlated with 1/INR in both the stable (r = 0.76) and initial phase (r = 0.74) groups. For any given INR, the subjects on stable anticoagulation had lower native prothrombin concentrations than the initial phase patients. Functional factor VII concentration also correlated significantly with 1/INR in both the stable (r = 0.64) and initial phase (r = 0.76) patients. Unlike native prothrombin, VII concentrations did not vary between the two cohorts for any given INR. Previous studies indicate that native prothrombin is a superior predictor of both hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications during warfarin therapy. Our findings indicate that VII, and not prothrombin, may be the predominant factor monitored by the INR. This further supports the need to reevaluate the usefulness of the INR in the monitoring of warfarin therapy during the initial phase. Am. J. Hematol. 57:193–199, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Use of Cadaver Tissues in Transplantation
Authors: Nathan P. Couch, William J. Curran, Francis D. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN the short span of thirteen years human-kidney homotransplantation has progressed from developmental uncertainty to a therapeutic endeavor that has rehabilitated many patients in terminal renal failure, both in this country and abroad. Contrary to many apprehensions, the use of drugs to suppress the immune response to homografts has not been complicated by inevitable, intercurrent bacterial infection.During the same decade there has been a growing respect for the problems of donor selection. At one extreme, the healthy family donor has enabled the highest success rate in kidney transplantation. Logistic and immunologic advantages of the family donor have overruled the . . .
Marijuana
Authors: Sidney Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1978)

MENTION marijuana and you will evoke a range of reactions to match every color of the spectrum. Still, such impassioned arguments are no reason to ignore possible therapeutic uses; I address the current status of these studies. Humans and<i>Cannabis sativa</i>have coexisted for millenniums. The stems of the plant served as a source of hemp fiber for rope, canvas, clothing, and paper. The seeds provided oil for food and are still found in packages of mixed birdseed (sterilized, of course). The leaves and flowering tops have been used by many primitive societies as a folk medicine for a wide variety of ailments. Every human complaint has been treated with Indian hemp at one time or another, and certain uses were clearly inappropriate. On the other hand, recent careful investigations have substantiated the effectiveness of a few ancient therapeutic applications of the plant. Pain, whether from toothache, dysmenorrhea, or rheumatism,
Arizona Immigration Law and Medical Practice
Authors: Lucas Restrepo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

4 years after transplantation (Fig. 1A).Proteinase-3 autoantibody titers decreased to levels around the detection limit.Magnetic resonance imaging studies showed a regression of the retro-orbital infiltration (Fig. 1B and1C).The patient remained in remission more than 4 years after transplantation, and 2 years after transplantation, corticosteroids were discontinued without exacerbation of disease activity.These findings suggest that stable mixed lymphohematopoietic chimerism achieved after minimal conditioning and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation may be sufficient to cure or at least control severe vasculitis that is positive for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.
NI-01 * GENE PROFILES IN HIGH UPTAKE AREA ON POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY WITH A HYPOXIC CELL TRACER, 18F-FRP170
Authors: T. Abe, Y. Momii, I. Morisaki, M. Sasaki, J. Watanabe, T. Kamida, G. Kashino, S. Matsumoto, K. Hayashi, H. Mori, K. Nakayama, T. Beppu, K. Ogasawara, K. Terasaki, R. Iwata, M. Fujiki
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Malignant gliomas include hypoxic cells due to both excessive consumption and insufﬁcient supply of oxygen within the tumor. Intratumoral hypoxic conditions are disadvantageous in term of the production of peroxide radicals, which induces DNA damage under irradiation. Cancer stem cells existing within hypoxic tumor tissue have also been considered to represent a likely cause of radioresistance. In glioblastoma, hypoxic conditions play an important role in the development of tumor progression. Therefore, we performed PET using 11C-methionine for detecting extent of tumor, and using 18F-FRP170 (18F-FRP170 PET) for detecting hypoxic cells in malignant brain tumors. We also examined on 18F-FRP170 PET with intratumoral oxygen pressure (tpO2 ) within glioblastoma measured using oxygen microelectrodes during tumor resection. Furthermore, we analyzed hypoxia-related genes, such as HIF-1 and VEGF, in high or low uptake areas of 18F-FRP170 PET. Mean tpO2 was significantly lower in the high-uptake area than in the low-uptake area. The specimens obtained from high-uptake areas, showed the increased expression of hypoxia-related genes. These findings suggest that high accumulation on 18F-FRP170 PET represents viable hypoxic tissues in glioblastoma.
Regression of Splenic Lymphoma with Villous Lymphocytes after Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Olivier Hermine, François Lefrère, Jean-Pierre Bronowicki, Xavier Mariette, Katayoun Jondeau, Virginie Eclache-Saudreau, Béatrice Delmas, Françoise Valensi, Patrice Cacoub, Christian Brechot, Bruno Varet, Xavier Troussard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Some epidemiologic studies suggest a link between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and some B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. We undertook this study after a patient with splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes had a hematologic response after antiviral treatment of HCV infection.
Free Medical Clinics
Authors: Frederick Kalz
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The free medical clinics (<b>219</b>:603, 1972) deserve more support and encouragement from the medical profession, and it would be a great loss if they would not survive. The idealism of the young physicians and students is in the best tradition of medicine and the wild talk and the political stance should not make us uptight and negative in our attitude. Stripped of some of the verbiage, these clinics are no new departure. During the war, when venereal disease was rampant, such clinics operated in many places. They were staffed by volunteer medical men and students and the team included nurses, social workers, epidemiologists, and volunteer workers. They were free clinics, no admission fees were charged during daytime and a nominal sum was charged for night clinics. The organization was rather "peer" to use the fashionable word, though the head nurse tended to boss as all do
905-57 Viability by Dobutamine Echocardiography Identifies Patients Whose Outcome is Improved by Elective Revascularization After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Thomas Knickelbine, Kiran B. Sagar, Michael E. Carlos, John C. Wynsen, Steven C. Smart
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Roentgenographic Manifestations of Unsuspected Trauma in Infancy
Authors: John L. Gwinn
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Twenty-five cases of unsuspected trauma in young children have been recognized in a 2-year period. They presented characteristic roentgenographic manifestations. Multiple sites of bony involvement were identified, in different stages of healing. The history and clinical aspects were frequently misleading, and the fact of wilful, repeated injury to the child was generally either unrecognized or concealed by the informant. The case of an 8-month-old girl is described. She was admitted twice for treatment of fractures, each time with evidence of repeated injuries. Recognition of these findings becomes important in safeguarding the infant from further injury.
Abnormal hormonal and renal responses to saline load in hypertensive patients with parental history of cardiovascular accidents.
Authors: M Volpe, G Lembo, N De Luca, F Lamenza, C Tritto, B Ricciardelli, M Molaro, P De Campora, G Condorelli, V Rendina
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Acute cardiac and cerebrovascular accidents are more frequent in hypertensive subjects with a family history of acute vascular accidents. The mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to vascular disease in these subjects are unknown. We investigated whether a parental history of premature heart attack or stroke in hypertensive subjects is associated with abnormalities of sodium handling. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with mild, uncomplicated essential hypertension were divided into two subgroups according to family history: a subgroup with a parental history of premature heart attack or stroke (FV+, n = 18) and a subgroup with a family history completely negative for vascular accidents (FV-, n = 14). The two subgroups were comparable with respect to age, weight, sex distribution, blood pressure, duration of hypertension, cardiovascular risk factors, renal function, and organ damage. Baseline plasma renin activity (PRA), concentrations of aldosterone (PA), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), and norepinephrine, and urinary electrolyte excretion were also comparable in the two subgroups. Despite these similarities, the responses to an acute saline load, measured under controlled metabolic and experimental conditions, were different in the two subgroups. In the FV+ subgroup at 60 minutes of saline load, PRA fell by 1.0 +/- 0.2 ng/ml/hr and PA concentration by 89.4 +/- 26 pg/ml and ANF concentration increased by 38 +/- 9 pg/ml, whereas in the FV- subgroup the corresponding responses were -2.3 +/- 0.3 ng/ml/hr (p less than 0.005), -190 +/- 43 pg/ml (p less than 0.05), and 80 +/- 13 pg/ml (p less than 0.005), respectively. Urinary sodium excretion was delayed in the FV+ subgroup (270 +/- 67 mu eq/min at 60 minutes) compared with the FV- subgroup (555 +/- 157 mu eq/min at 60 minutes, p less than 0.05). At 120 minutes of saline load, significant (p less than 0.005) differences in PRA and ANF concentration were still observed. In a control group of eight normal subjects the responses to a saline load were comparable to those in the FV- subgroup but greater than those in the FV+ subgroup at 60 minutes. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence that the hormonal and renal adjustments to an acute salt load are impaired in hypertensive patients with a parental history of vascular accidents. We speculate that abnormalities of sodium handling may represent markers of a more rapid development of vascular injury in human hypertension.
1157-41 Lesion severity index, a new nonhyperemic physiologic parameter for the assessment of coronary artery stenosis: A comparison to fractional flow reserve
Authors: David Brosh, Stuart T Higano, Ryan J Lennon, Stephan Carlier, Morton J Kern, Raffi Beyar, Luis Gruberg, Amir Lerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Mechanisms of fibrosis in coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Increased production of platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor type I, and transforming growth factor beta and relationship to disease severity.
Authors: D Vanhee, P Gosset, B Wallaert, C Voisin, A B Tonnel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

To identify the clinical relevance of cytokines involved in the development of lung fibrosis observed in patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), we investigated the BAL fluid contents and AM secretions of three mediators that modulate fibroblast growth: platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I), and transforming growth factor Type beta (TGF-beta). Our study population consisted of 25 patients with CWP (16 simple pneumoconiosis, SP, 9 progressive massive fibrosis, PMF, 9 control subjects, and 6 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The fibrotic potency of AM supernatants was also tested for their ability to promote the growth of a human lung fibroblast cell line appreciated by [3H]-thymidine incorporation. PDGF and IGF-I concentrations were increased in BAL fluids of patients with PMF compared with SP and control subjects, whereas TGF-beta concentration was significantly higher in BAL fluid of patients with SP compared with PMF and control subjects. PDGF, IGF-I, and TGF-beta concentrations in AM supernatants followed the same profile observed in BAL fluids, suggesting that AM is one of the main cell sources of PDGF, IGF-I, and TGF-beta in the lung of pneumoconiotic patients. After treatment by acidification, which activated the latent form of TGF-beta, AM from patients with SP induced an inhibition of [3H]-thymidine incorporation and fibroblast growth was restored after neutralization of TGF-beta by specific antibodies. In contrast, AM supernatants from patients with PMF and IPF promoted the proliferation of fibroblasts and treatment by acidification did not modify this effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cellular and Molecular Aspects of the Action of Neurohypophyseal Peptides.
Authors: Irving L. Schwartz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Cellular and Molecular Aspects of the Action of Neurohypophyseal Peptides.Irving L. Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Irving L. Schwartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1075_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the past decade, more than 100 analogs of the natural neurohypophyseal hormones have been synthesized and tested for antidiuretic, pressor, uterotonic, galactobolic, and other biological activities. Thus, the vasopressin-oxytocin analog series now presents the most extensive material available for study of the structure-function relationship of biologically active peptides. Features of the cellular, tissue, and organ responses to some of these peptide hormone analogs will be discussed, particularly in relation to mechanisms that may underlie the molecular requirements for biologic activity.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cincinnati, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1075-1075KeywordsBiologicsHormone synthesisPeptide hormonesVasopressin Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Pulmonary Vein Stenosis After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ivan M. Robbins, Edward V. Colvin, Thomas P. Doyle, W. Evans Kemp, James E. Loyd, William S. McMahon, G. Neal Kay
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —This report describes the complication of pulmonary vein stenosis with resultant severe pulmonary hypertension that developed in 2 patients after successful catheter ablation of chronic atrial fibrillation. Methods and Results —Three months after successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation, both patients developed progressive dyspnea and pulmonary hypertension. Both were found to have severe stenosis of all 4 pulmonary veins near the junction with the left atrium. Balloon dilation of the stenotic pulmonary veins was performed in these patients, with improvement in dyspnea and pulmonary hypertension. Conclusions —The complication of pulmonary vein stenosis is potentially life-threatening, and the application of radiofrequency current within the pulmonary veins with standard catheter technology should be avoided. This complication can be treated with balloon dilation, although the long-term course is unknown.
A METHOD OF FACILITATING THE SERUM DIAGNOSIS OF SYPHILIS UNDER WAR CONDITIONS
Authors: HIDEYO NOGUCHI
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The necessity for fresh guinea-pig serum and fresh sheep corpuscles in the original Wassermann technic renders that test impracticable unless these two factors are obtainable in the laboratory. I have already introduced a procedure in which the test is made possible without the use of fresh sheep corpuscles, and this antihuman hemolytic method has found wide adoption, notably in the laboratories of the United States Army and Navy. This test, however, still requires the use of fresh guinea-pig serum as complement. Considerable apprehension is being felt at present with regard to the availability of guinea-pigs and sheep to supply the necessary material for carrying out the serodiagnostic test for syphilis according to the methods hitherto in use, and a method which renders the test independent of these resources should be welcome at this time, when economy of labor, expense and time is particularly urgent. That such a method is possible,
Paper Chromatographic Survey of Urinary Amino-acids in Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: L. J. Hurwitz, D. McCormick
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A paper chromatographic analysis in 60 patients with muscular dystrophy from 49 families and in 351 of their relatives showed a high incidence of generalized hyperaminoaciduria in both patients and relatives. There was a higher incidence of threoninuria in patients and their relatives than in controls. One family was found to have excess histidinuria and another excess lysinuria.
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis—A Predictable Disease?
Authors: C. Conrad Johnston
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Postmenopausal Osteoporosis—A Predictable Disease?C. Conrad Johnston Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P., David M. Smith, M.D. (Member)C. Conrad Johnston Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, David M. Smith, M.D. (Member)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-824_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptClinical osteoporosis is predominantly a disease of elderly women, characterized by a decrease in bone mass and an attendant increase in fracture rate. All women lose bone mass with advancing age; those who develop fractures and clinical osteoporosis might either lose bone at an accelerated rate or might have a smaller initial skeletal mass. In order to examine these two possibilities bone mass was measured by the photon absorption technique in 372 white females. Scans of the radius were performed in an area of predominantly trabecular bone and in an area of predominantly cortical bone (Metabolism17:1140, 1968). With this... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: C. Conrad JohnstonJr., M.D., F.A.C.P.; David M. Smith, M.D. (Member)Affiliations: Indianapolis, Ind. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 824-824KeywordsBoneElderlyOsteoporosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3037: Adipokines modulate human mammary stem cell self-renewal through <i>mTOR</i>
Authors: Ray Esper, Dame Michael, Zora Djuric, William Smith, Max Wicha, Dean Brenner
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Rationale: Excess visceral adiposity is associated with an increased incidence of a variety of human ailments, including cancer. We tested the hypothesis that adipose-derived factors drive normal mammary stem cell self-renewal. Methods: Visceral adipose tissue explants from obese F344 rats and cultured mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes were grown with serum-free media for 48 hours. Primary human mammary epithelial cells, MCF10A, SUM149 and MCF7 cells were exposed to rhleptin (500 ng/ml), or adipocyte conditioned media and expanded in a non-adherent sphere forming assay for 10 days. Spheres were counted and size was quantified in Image J. Adipokine concentrations were assayed with the Proteome Profiler Adipokine Array. Other cultures were pre-treated with mTOR inhibitors rapamycin (100 nM) or everolimus (100 nM) for 2 hours prior to exposure to rhleptin or adipocyte conditioned media for 2 hours. S6 protein phosphorylation was quantified from Western blots. Results: Data shown in Table 1 suggest that conditioned media from adipose tissue and from 3T3-L1 adipocytes increase human mammary stem cell self-renewal by 103% and 189%, respectively, whereas rhleptin increases stem cell self-renewal by 37%. Blockade of leptin activity with neutralizing antibodies or chimeric soluble receptors reduced the adipocyte conditioned media's stimulation of mammary epithelial cell self-renewal by 10-15%. Media conditioned by the mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes or primary rat visceral adipose explants increased pS6 protein by 170% in MCF10A cells. mTOR inhibitors reduced rhleptin and adipocyte conditioned media stimulation of self-renewal in MCF10A and normal human mammary stem cells by 78-85%. Conclusion: Adipocyte secreted factors and rhleptin promote increased mammary epithelial cell self-renewal through a process involving the activation of mTOR. Leptin contributes to a small fraction of the activity in adipocyte conditioned media, and is sufficient but not required for mammary stem cell self-renewal. Change in stem cell self-renewalrhLeptin3T3-L1 Adipocyte Conditioned MediaRat Adipose Tissue Conditioned MediaBaseline # Spheres% Change (± SEM)P Value% Change (± SEM)P Value% Change (± SEM)P ValuePrimary human organoids19737 ± 7.005104 ± 20.006190 ± 26.001MCF-10A cells28834 ± 16.043320 ± 32.002389 ± 27.002MCF-7 cells57638 ± 9.007142 ± 15.001262 ± 40.006SUM149 cells95435 ± 6.09174 ± 20.012167 ± 21.003 Citation Format: Ray Esper, Dame Michael, Zora Djuric, William Smith, Max Wicha, Dean Brenner. Adipokines modulate human mammary stem cell self-renewal through mTOR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3037. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3037