tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2865: Protection from chemotherapy-induced alopecia by cytotech lbs API 31543 in a multichemotherapy course model of chloroleukemia
Authors: Niven R. Narain, Lucia M. Mauro, Adel Yunis, John P. McCook, Joaquin J. Jimenez
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Alopecia remains the one side-effect of chemotherapy for which there is no therapeutic intervention. We have recently developed a multi-course chemotherapy rat model of transplantable chloroleukemia (MIAC51) in which to study Chemotherapy-[[Unsupported Character - Codename &amp;shy;]]Induced Alopecia (CIA). This model provides the opportunity to study CIA and the cancer cells throughout multiple courses of chemotherapy. In the present study, we investigated the effect of calcitriol in a proprietary delivery system, Cytotech Labs API 31543 to protect from CIA using the following chemotherapy regimens: cyclophosphamide; cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin; cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and cytarabine; cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel and etoposide; doxorubicin, paclitaxel and etoposide. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with 1×105 MIAC51 on day 5. Thereafter, 0.2µg of API 31543 or vehicle control was applied topically over the head area daily starting on day 6 for 6 consecutive days for the first course. Rats were isolated for 6 hours. Subsequently, the treated area was cleaned with soap and water and rats were returned to their litters. For the first cycle, chemotherapy regimens were administered on day 13, intraperitoneally in a total volume of 0.1 mL. Animals positive for leukemic cells in smears were euthanized on day 23. On day 31, a second anagen cycle was induced by clipping the hair in the neck area on leukemia survivors. Animals were then treated with 0.2 µg API 31543 on day 40 for 6 days in the shaven area. Chemotherapy regimens were then administered on day 46. In both cycles, alopecia was recorded 10 days after the last dose of chemotherapy. Neonatal rats treated with 0.2µg of API 31543 in the head area exhibited localized protection. Similarly, in the adult rats 0.2µg of API 31543 exerted a localized protective effect at the site of application. In both groups, rats that received chemotherapy alone became totally alopecic. Pretreatment with API 31543 protected the hair follicles against chemotherapy without having an effect on the efficacy of chemotherapy treatment of leukemia. In summary, the results herein set a solid foundation for clinical investigation of API 31543. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2865.
Compatibility of Oxytocics With Anesthetic Agents
Authors: Barbara Lipton
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Both natural and synthetic oxytocin were administered intravenously to un-anesthetized and anesthetized subjects. When given in dilute infusion they produced no cardiovascular effects, but when administered in concentrated doses they produced hypotension and electrocardiographic changes. The electrocardiographic changes were more marked with natural, than with synthetic oxytocin. Laboratory studies on the rat mesoappendix indicated that natural oxytocin induced a transient epinephrine-potentiating effect that was not observed with comparable doses of synthetic oxytocin. Synthetic oxytocin is a safe drug when administered in dilute infusion, and it is compatible with the anesthetic agents commonly used in obstetrics. Natural oxytocin, however, has the disadvantage of containing 2 contaminants: vasopressin and animal protein. The presence of stress may play an important role in the production of cardiac arrhythmias during the administration of intravenous natural oxytocin.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS VARIANTS AND RISK FOR AIDS AND AIDS MORTALITY
Authors: M. Tersmette, J. M. Lange, R. E. de Goede, F. de Wolf, J. K. Eeftink-Schattenkerk, P. T. Schellekens, R. A. Coutinho, J. G. Huisman, J. Goudsmit, F. Miedema
Journal: The Lancet (1989)
Reoperative Aesthetic and Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
Authors: Thomas A. Mustoe
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Daily Physical Activity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Is Mainly Associated with Dynamic Hyperinflation
Authors: Francisco Garcia-Rio, Vanesa Lores, Olga Mediano, Blas Rojo, Angel Hernanz, Eduardo López-Collazo, Rodolfo Alvarez-Sala
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Although the major limitation to exercise performance in patients with COPD is dynamic hyperinflation, little is known about its relation to daily physical activity.To analyze the contribution of dynamic hyperinflation, exercise tolerance, and airway oxidative stress to physical activity in patients with COPD.In a cross-sectional study, we included 110 patients with moderate to very severe COPD. Daily physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer providing a mean of 1-minute movement epochs as vector magnitude units (VMU). Patients performed the 6-minute walk test, incremental exercise test with measurement of breathing pattern and operating lung volumes, and constant-work rate test at 75% of maximal work rate.Using the GOLD stage and BODE index, we determined arterial blood gases, lung volumes, diffusing capacity, and biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate. Daily physical activity was lower in the 89 patients who developed dynamic hyperinflation than in the 21 who did not (n =161 [SD 70] vs. n = 288 [SD 85] VMU; P = 0.001). Physical activity was mainly related to distance walked in 6 minutes (r = 0.72; P = 0.001), Vo(2) (r = 0.63; P = 0.001), change in end-expiratory lung volume during exercise (r = -0.73; P = 0.001), endurance time (r = 0.61; P = 0.001), and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate (r = -0.67; P = 0.001). In a multivariate linear regression analysis using VMU as a dependent variable, dynamic hyperinflation, change in end-expiratory lung volume, and distance walked in 6 minutes were retained in the prediction model (r(2) = 0.84; P = 0.001).Daily physical activity of patients with COPD is mainly associated with dynamic hyperinflation, regardless of severity classification.
HOW THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PERMANENT CENSUS BUREAU WILL IMPROVE THE VITAL STATISTICS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Authors: CRESSY L. WILBUR
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The establishment of a permanent census bureau has long been advocated by those most familiar with the numerous practical defects of our antiquated census system, both on grounds of greater economy and of improved results. Under a joint resolution of the first session of the present Congress, Hon. Carroll D. Wright, United States Commissioner of Labor, was directed to make a report on the advisability of placing the preparations for the census of 1900 upon a permanent basis, and the results of his labor are now before Congress in the form of a Bill to provide for a permanent census service.  The bill contains provision for an enumeration of the population at the quinquennial periods intermediate between the present decennial enumerations, thus making general the means of verifying our knowledge of the population of the country every five years. It is unnecessary to point out how indispensable such frequent censuses
Effect of Growth Hormone and Other Hormones on Erythropoiesis and Erythropoietin Excretion of Pituitary Dwarfs.
Authors: J. H. Jepson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Effect of Growth Hormone and Other Hormones on Erythropoiesis and Erythropoietin Excretion of Pituitary Dwarfs.J. H. Jepson, M.D., E. E. McGarry, F.R.C.P.J. H. Jepson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. E. McGarry, F.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1169_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince the effect and mechanism of action of growth hormone on erythropoiesis in humans have not been studied previously, the blood volume, red cell survival, ferrokinetics, and erythropoietin (ESF) excretion were determined in a group of pituitary dwarfs. All patients were on maintenance thyroid and adrenal steroids. In addition, human growth hormone (HGH) and, in some cases, testosterone were added to the regimen. Before HGH, the red cell mass (RCM) was 50 to 75% of normal and was substantially improved by addition of HGH values within the normal female range. Addition of testosterone to the regimen of two males resulted... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. H. Jepson, M.D.; E. E. McGarry, F.R.C.P.Affiliations: Montreal, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRegulation of Erythropoiesis and its DefectsThe Mechanism of Action of Human Placental Lactogen on Erythropoiesis 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1169-1169KeywordsBlood volumeErythropoiesisErythropoietinExcretionGrowth hormoneHuman growth hormoneProlactinSteroidsTestosteroneThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
The President’s National Security Agenda
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin, Henry A. Waxman, William Foege
Journal: JAMA (2014)

The Ebola epidemic is projected to affect tens of thousands in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea, with immense economic and social costs. Even in the United States, where only 1 patient with Ebola virus disease has died, the disease has spurred public fear, tested the readiness of the public health system, and led to measures such as enhanced border screening and state quarantines. The lesson of Ebola is clear: strong, resilient health systems are needed in Africa to curtail the outbreak at its source and in the United States to ameliorate risks and reassure the public.
Tubal Sterilization and the Long-term Risk of Hysterectomy
Authors: Andy Stergachis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To assess the effect of tubal sterilization on the risk of hysterectomy, we studied 7414 women aged 20 to 49 years who had had a tubal sterilization at a health maintenance organization between January 1, 1968, and December 31, 1983. Compared with a population-based cohort of nonsterilized women, women sterilized while 20 to 29 years old were 3.4 times more likely to have had a subsequent hysterectomy (95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 4.7). Adjustment for the effects of potential confounders with a subset of 276 women did not appreciably alter this association. For multivariate comparisons with 5323 wives of vasectomized men, there was no significant elevation in the risk of hysterectomy following sterilization among women sterilized while 20 to 29 years old. Tubal sterilization was not associated with hysterectomy for married women who underwent tubal sterilization at age 30 or older. These results do not support a biological basis for the relationship between tubal sterilization and hysterectomy.
Pre-Procedural Bioimpedance Vectorial Analysis of Fluid Status and Prediction of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Mauro Maioli, Anna Toso, Mario Leoncini, Nicola Musilli, Francesco Bellandi, Mitchell H. Rosner, Peter A. McCullough, Claudio Ronco
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The ClinicalTrials.gov Results Database — Update and Key Issues
Authors: Deborah A. Zarin, Tony Tse, Rebecca J. Williams, Robert M. Califf, Nicholas C. Ide
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The ClinicalTrials.gov trial registry was expanded in 2008 to include a database for reporting summary results. We summarize the structure and contents of the results database, provide an update of relevant policies, and show how the data can be used to gain insight into the state of clinical research.
The Toxoplasma Protein ARO Mediates the Apical Positioning of Rhoptry Organelles, a Prerequisite for Host Cell Invasion
Authors: Christina Mueller, Natacha Klages, Damien Jacot, Joana M. Santos, Ana Cabrera, Tim W. Gilberger, Jean-François Dubremetz, Dominique Soldati-Favre
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)
Warfarin, Aspirin, and Intracranial Vascular Disease
Authors: Walter J. Koroshetz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

The Warfarin–Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) Trial, funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and reported by Chimowitz et al.1 in this issue of the Journal, was a careful comparison of these two therapies in patients with cerebrovascular events attributed to intracranial atherosclerosis. The WASID Trial, in concert with other, smaller studies,2,3 clearly shows that symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is a marker of extremely aggressive vascular disease. Ischemic stroke, brain hemorrhage, or death from vascular causes other than stroke occurred within two years in approximately 22 percent of the patients, whether they were treated with high-dose . . .
THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE TOXAEMIA SECONDARY TO GAS GANGRENE BY THE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF A SOLUTION OF HYPOCHLOROUS ACID
Authors: J. Fraser, H. J. Bates
Journal: BMJ (1916)

_ t3-1i.MAL JovNAt rapidly and produce poisonous suibstances, by which the a-djacent living tisstue is destroyed and rendered a suitable medinm for the further multiplication of these bacilli.8. B. tetani was not found in films made from the lischarge in any one of the six cases of this series in which it was present.9.The recognition of B. tetani by purely microscopical nethods is complicated by the fact that slender Grampositive rods bearing an absolutely terminal spore may be occasionally found in pure cultures of B. oednematis mnaligni' and B. aro qcne8 capsutlatus.Moreover, pure cultures of tetanuis bacilli, especially clWtures on egg medium, contain many atypical forms.10.If broth is inoculated witlh material from the wonnd in a case of tetanus, and incubated1 under anaerobic conditions, the presence of B. tetani can oftn be satisfactorily demonstrated by animal inoculation.Suell a brotlh culture slhould be examined at intervals, and two or tlhree weeks way elapse before B. tetani can be demionstrated.11.The presence of B. tetani vas demonstrated in tlhe discharge from the wounds of t'wo patients who did not develop signs of tetanus.Both had received prophylactic inUjections of antitetanus serum.12. Tlle discovery of B. tetatni in the wounds of a patient who h}ad not developed tetanus would obviously be an indication for one or more prophylactic injections of anti.tetanic serum.But the practical utility of such a proceduire is limited by tlle difficulty and delay wlhicl attend tlle bacteriological recognition of this bacillus.Now, B. tetanii belongs to tlle sam-e group of anaerobic bacteria as B. airogeneas capulatvs and B. oedematis matlifni.All tlhree lhave probably a common source, and the conditions favourable to thleir growtll withiin a wound aire probably identical.Tlle demonstration of eitlher B. ()ede;nati8 maligni or B. aiFrogenes ca Cpsulatusl is a relatively simple matter and does not iDvolve muclh delay.Thle dliscovery of eitler of these bacilli mighlt with advantage be followed by a prophylactic injection of antitetanic serum.13.A prophylactic injection of antitetanic sertm should be given before any considerable operation is performed on a patient with a gangrenous wound.
INVESTIGATION OF THE AMINOACIDURIA IN WILSON'S DISEASE (HEPATOLENTICULAR DEGENERATION): DEMONSTRATION OF A DEFECT IN RENAL FUNCTION 1
Authors: Arnold M. Cooper, Richard D. Eckhardt, William W. Faloon, Charles S. Davidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1950)

A Familial NervousDisease Associated With Cirrhosis of the Liver" (1), established in 1912 as a nosologic entity the condition now referred to as Wilson's disease, or hepatolenticular degeneration.Although many subsequent advances have been made in knowledge of the clinical forms and morphologic features of this disease, there has been a paucity of informa- tion concerning metabolic abnormalities which are presumed to be present in some form in a disease with such widespread manifestations.Recently, Uzman, and Denny-Brown (2) described a pa- tient with hepatolenticular degeneration who had increased quantities of amino acids in the urine as shown by one-dimensional paper partition chro- matograms and chemical determination of the total amino nitrogen, alanine, and glutamic and aspartic acids in 24-hour urine specimens.The patient had no demonstrated renal disease, and only minimal evidence of liver disease.The authors suggested that the aminoaciduria might represent either a failure of deamination of amino acids by an im- paired liver, or an underlying defect in the metab- olism of amino acids resulting in increased excretion by a normal kidney.The experiments to be described were under- taken to elucidate the mechanism of the excessive loss of amino acids in Wilson's disease with respect to the site and type of disorder. MATERIALS AND METHODSAlpha amino nitrogen was determined by the gasometric ninhydrin methods described by Hamilton and Van Slyke
Millennium development goals "at risk" as donors fail to honour commitments
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

International development aid will reach record levels this year, but still fall far short of the sums pledged by donors at the 2005 Gleneagles summit, says a report by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

The organisation’s latest figures, released on 17 February, show that aid rose by $27bn (£17bn; €20bn) from 2004 to 2010, but this still represents a $21bn shortfall between what donors promised in 2005 and current estimates for 2010.

It warns that Africa will be particularly badly hit by the shortfall because it is likely to get only about $12bn of the $25bn increase envisaged at Gleneagles, “due in …
Case 1-1988
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Terry B. Strom, Robert B. Colvin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Presentation of CaseA 22-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus with chronic renal failure.There was a 16-year history of diabetes that was currently managed with NPH insulin, 20 units, and regular insulin, 5 units, each morning. The disease was complicated by peripheral and autonomic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy that required repeated laser-beam therapy, and hypertension. Her renal function deteriorated over the four to five years preceding entry; one year before admission extracorporeal hemodialysis, three times weekly, was initiated. Urinalysis before dialysis was begun showed ++++ proteinuria, hyaline casts, and 3 to 6 red cells . . .
Ocular-specific ER stress reduction rescues glaucoma in murine glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma
Authors: Gulab S. Zode, Arti B. Sharma, Xiaolei Lin, Charles C. Searby, Kevin Bugge, Gun Hee Kim, Abbot F. Clark, Val C. Sheffield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Administration of glucocorticoids induces ocular hypertension in some patients. If untreated, these patients can develop a secondary glaucoma that resembles primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The underlying pathology of glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma is not fully understood, due in part to lack of an appropriate animal model. Here, we developed a murine model of glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma that exhibits glaucoma features that are observed in patients. Treatment of WT mice with topical ocular 0.1% dexamethasone led to elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP), functional and structural loss of retinal ganglion cells, and axonal degeneration, resembling glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma in human patients. Furthermore, dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension was associated with chronic ER stress of the trabecular meshwork (TM). Similar to patients, withdrawal of dexamethasone treatment reduced elevated IOP and ER stress in this animal model. Dexamethasone induced the transcriptional factor CHOP, a marker for chronic ER stress, in the anterior segment tissues, and Chop deletion reduced ER stress in these tissues and prevented dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension. Furthermore, reduction of ER stress in the TM with sodium 4-phenylbutyrate prevented dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension in WT mice. Our data indicate that ER stress contributes to glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension and suggest that reducing ER stress has potential as a therapeutic strategy for treating glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma.
PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL IMPACT OF CORONARY ARTERY ANEURYSM AFTER SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION: LONG-TERM CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Masao Imai, Kazushige Kadota, Suguru Otsuru, Yoji Okamoto, Hiroshi Tasaka, Daiji Hasegawa, Seiji Habara, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Takeshi Maruo, Akitoshi Hirono, Yoshiharu Nishibori, Shingo Hosogi, Yasushi Fuku, Naoki Oka, Harumi Katoh, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Satoki Fujii, Tsuyoshi Goto, Katsumi Inoue, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)