tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Beta-adrenoceptor expression in human fat cells from different regions.
Authors: P Arner, L Hellström, H Wahrenberg, M Brönnegård
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

The expression of beta-adrenoceptors (BAR) was investigated in abdominal and gluteal fat cells of 32 nonobese men and women using radioligand binding and RNA excess solution hybridization. In both sexes the number of BAR binding sites was about twice as high in abdominal as in gluteal fat cells (P less than 0.01). Northern blot analysis of total RNA from adipose tissue showed hybridization of the BAR1 probe to an mRNA species of about 2.5 kb and of the BAR2 probe to an mRNA species of approximately 2.2 kb. The steady-state mRNA levels of BAR 1 and BAR 2 were also about twice as high in abdominal as in gluteal adipocytes of men and women (P less than 0.01). In abdominal fat cells the mRNA levels were approximately 45 and 30 molecules/cell for BAR1 and BAR2, respectively. There were no regional or sex variations in BAR 1 and BAR 2 mRNA stability. The apparent half-life of mRNA for both receptor subtypes was approximately 6 h in both regions. The mRNA levels for beta actin did not differ between the two regions in either sex. Thus, differences in expression of the genes encoding for BAR 1 and BAR 2 can explain why abdominal fat cells have more BAR than gluteal fat cells. This variation in gene expression may be a molecular mechanism underlying the well known regional differences in catecholamine-induced lipolysis activity between central and peripheral adipose tissue.
Controlled Drinking and the Treatment of Alcoholism
Authors: Irving Maltzman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  Timothy F. Kirn's article entitled Advances in Understanding of Alcoholism Initiate Evolution in Treatment Programs 1 was most interesting. In his effort to present a balanced picture, he includes interviews with Alan Marlatt and Reid Hester. These interviews contain several points in need of clarification. In the references, an article from Science is placed between a book by Sobell and Sobell 2 and one by Polich et al 3 and therefore a mistaken impression is given that all three citations are in agreement. Sobell and Sobell purport to show striking evidence in support of controlled drinking by physically dependent, gamma alcoholics. Polich et al also purport to provide evidence supporting controlled drinking. However, the citation to the article from Science , whose authors are not identified, is to an article by Pendery et al 4 that shows that the Sobells' patients purportedly trained to control their drinking were
Abstract PD04-06: Molecular Phenotypes of DCIS predict Invasive and DCIS recurrence
Authors: KE Williams, NLP Barnes, K Cheema, N Dimopoulos, NJ Bundred, G Landberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Molecular phenotypes of invasive breast cancer predict early recurrence and survival. DCIS exhibits similar phenotypes but their frequency and clinical significance remain uncertain. To determine whether molecular phenotypes of DCIS predict recurrence, 273 women (median age 57 years) with primary DCIS who were screened for or entered DCIS trials (Iressa/Lapatinib/ERISAC) in one unit from 1990–2010 were studied. Methods: HER2, oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression within primary DCIS were established using immunohistochemistry within the trial protocols. HER2 was scored 0 (absent) to 3 (maximum). Scores ≥2 were taken as positive if amplified on FISH testing. ER and PR scored positive if ≥5% of cells stained. 64.2% patients were ER positive, 43.3% were HER2 positive and 31.8% were high-grade lesions. 94 underwent mastectomy whilst 185 had BCS. Results: There was an overall recurrence rate of 20.14% after a median follow-up period of 74 months (range 12–240). Of these recurrences, 36.4% were invasive. Conservation surgery (BCS) was used in 185 women who suffered 47 recurrences. Molecular phenotype predicted local recurrence by Log Rank analysis (P &amp;lt; 0.01) and invasive recurrences (P &amp;lt; 0.016) overall and in the BCS group remained predictive of invasive recurrence (p &amp;lt;0.005) and overall recurrence (p &amp;lt; 0.001). ER negative DCIS had higher invasive recurrence (p &amp;lt; 0.01: Chi-squared). Grade 3 was a weak predictor of overall (p &amp;lt; 0.02) but not invasive recurrence. HER2 positive DCIS had poorer cumulative 5-year disease-free survival than HER2 negative cases (p = &amp;lt;0.001, Kaplan-Meier), irrespective of ER status. On multivariate COX regression analysis, HER2 positivity was an independent predictor of increased recurrence risk (p = 0.01) H.R. 7.39, 95% CI 1.61–33.8) Discussion: Determination of molecular phenotypes of DCIS aids identification of women at high-risk of recurrence. ER-HER2+ patients need maximal adjuvant treatment to avoid invasive recurrence whereas lower-risk ER+HER2− patients might avoid adjuvant radiotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD04-06.
The Spirochetal Etiology of Lyme Disease
Authors: Allen C. Steere, Robert L. Grodzicki, Arnold N. Kornblatt, Joseph E. Craft, Alan G. Barbour, Willy Burgdorfer, George P. Schmid, Elizabeth Johnson, Stephen E. Malawista
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We recovered a newly recognized spirochete from the blood, skin lesions (erythema chronicum migrans [ECM]), or cerebrospinal fluid of 3 of 56 patients with Lyme disease and from 21 of 110 nymphal or adult lxodes dammini ticks in Connecticut. These isolates and the original one from l. dammini appeared to have the same morphologic and immunologic features. In patients, specific IgM antibody titers usually reached a peak between the third and sixth week after the onset of disease; specific IgG antibody titers rose slowly and were generally highest months later when arthritis was present. Among 40 patients who had early disease only (ECM alone), 90 per cent had an elevated IgM titer (greater than or equal to 1:128) between the ECM phase and convalescence. Among 95 patients with later manifestations (involvement of the nervous system, heart, or joints), 94 per cent had elevated titers of IgG (greater than or equal to 1:128). In contrast, none of 80 control subjects had elevated IgG titers, and only three control patients with infectious mononucleosis had elevated IgM titers. We conclude that the I. dammini spirochete is the causative agent of Lyme disease.
The coiled-coil domain containing protein CCDC40 is essential for motile cilia function and left-right axis formation
Authors: Anita Becker-Heck, Irene E Zohn, Noriko Okabe, Andrew Pollock, Kari Baker Lenhart, Jessica Sullivan-Brown, Jason McSheene, Niki T Loges, Heike Olbrich, Karsten Haeffner, Manfred Fliegauf, Judith Horvath, Richard Reinhardt, Kim G Nielsen, June K Marthin, Gyorgy Baktai, Kathryn V Anderson, Robert Geisler, Lee Niswander, Heymut Omran, Rebecca D Burdine
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Human somatic PTPN11 mutations induce hematopoietic-cell hypersensitivity to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Authors: Rebecca J. Chan, Melissa B. Leedy, Veerendra Munugalavadla, Cara S. Voorhorst, Yanjun Li, Menggang Yu, Reuben Kapur
Journal: Blood (2005)
Inflammation-Induced Alteration of Astrocyte Mitochondrial Dynamics Requires Autophagy for Mitochondrial Network Maintenance
Authors: Elisa Motori, Julien Puyal, Nicolas Toni, Alexander Ghanem, Cristina Angeloni, Marco Malaguti, Giorgio Cantelli-Forti, Benedikt Berninger, Karl-Klaus Conzelmann, Magdalena Götz, Konstanze F. Winklhofer, Silvana Hrelia, Matteo Bergami
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2013)
Chlamydial infection is asymptomatic in England as well as Tanzania
Authors: D. Mandal, V. Gillanders
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—H Grosskurth and colleagues conclude that infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is commonly asymptomatic among rural Tanzanian men.1 In our experience, it is commonly asymptomatic among urban men in Lancashire, England.

During April 1994 to April 1995, 84 male patients were seen in whom C trachomatis …
How to pay for expensive drugs.
Authors: M Orme
Journal: BMJ (1991)

How to pay for expensive drugsPitting hospitals against general practices is not the answer Recently the BMJ has highlighted the problems of prescrib- ing expensive drugs, such as interleukin 2 and erythropoietin, for NHS patients.'2The problems seem likely to get worse.Ondansetron may be better than other antiemetics in some patients receiving cancer chemotherapy, yet even specialist hospitals cannot afford to prescribe it for all those likely to benefit.Centoxin, which reduces mortality in patients with Gram negative septicaemia,3 costs £2200 for a single dose.Octreotide, recently marketed for patients with the carcinoid
?-globin gene cluster haplotypes associated with ?-thalassemia on Corsica island
Authors: Alessandra Falchi, Laurianne Giovannoni, Lucia Vacca, Veronica Latini, Giuseppe Vona, Laurent Varesi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

In the Corsican population, the incidence of beta-thalassemia traits is reported to be 3.1%. We have investigated the 2 more important beta-thalassemia mutations present in the Corsican population: beta0-39 and beta+IVS1-110. Seven polymorphic sites in the beta-globin gene cluster were analyzed from a sample of 43 non-related beta-thalassemia heterozygotes and of 47 nonrelated healthy individuals, from Central Corsica (Corte). Among the 43 Corsican patients analyzed, the nonsense codon is predominant (88.40%), whereas the beta+IVS1-110 mutation, the most common of beta-thalassemia in the eastern part of the Mediterranean basin, is underrepresented (2.33%). The other individuals did not show positive for the two tested mutations (9.27%). The beta0-39 mutation in the studied population shows a strong association with haplotype II (18.7%) and a weaker association with haplotypes I (2.3%) and VII (2.1%). The strong association of the beta0-39 mutation with haplotype II was also found in Sardinia, suggesting that the mutation on the two islands have the same origin. In the present study all the data concerning frequencies of the mutations and of sequence haplotypes, support the hypothesis of a western Mediterranean origin of the beta0-39 mutation. For the first time, this paper analyzes the association of beta-globin gene cluster haplotypes with the 2 more frequent beta-thalassemia mutations in an isolated population in the centre of Corsica (Corte), which presents certain genetic peculiarities. However, the analysis of beta-haplotypes will be very useful for the genetic epidemiological study in this region.
PUVA: A REVIEW OF ULTRAVIOLET DOSIMETRY
Authors: B.L. Diffey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article PUVA: A REVIEW OF ULTRAVIOLET DOSIMETRY Get access B.L. Diffey B.L. Diffey Department of Medical Physics, Kent and Canterbury Hospital, Canterbury, Kent CT1 3NG Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 98, Issue 6, 1 June 1978, Pages 703–706, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb03593.x Published: 01 June 1978
Irbesartan combined with conventional therapy, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, in heart failure
Authors: M. Tonkon, N. Awan, I. Niazi, P. Hanley, L. Baruch, C.-S. Lin, D. Costagliola, G. Cucinotta, R.A. Wolf, A.J. Block
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
155. Soluble HVEM Mediates Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) Infection of gD Receptor-Negative Cells
Authors: Hyunjung Baek, June-young Kyoung, Juhee Park, Kee-ho Lee, William F. Goins, Justus B. Cohen, Joseph C. Glorioso, Heechung Kwon
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Herpes simplex virus infects a broad range of mammalian cells, including epithelial cells, lymphocytes, and postmitotic neurons. HSV-1 entry into cells is initiated by the binding of viral envelope glycoprotein D (gD) to one of three known HSV entry receptors, nectin-1/HveC, HVEM/HveA, and 3-O-sulfotransferase-modified heparan sulfate. Interaction of gD with these entry receptors is believed to cause a conformational change in gD, enabling it to interact with other envelope components which ultimately results in fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane. The other players in these events and their specific roles remain largely unknown. The broad host range of HSV-1 is an obstacle in the development of this virus into a gene vector for therapeutic applications. Replication-selective mutants and transcriptional targeting have been used to avert this problem. As an alternative, we are studying the utility of soluble gD receptors which are capable of inhibiting the infection of susceptible cells. We previously reported that the soluble V domain of nectin-1/HveC in addition has the ability to mediate efficient infection of HSV-resistant, receptor-deficient CHO-K1 cells. We now show that this property is not unique to nectin-1. We constructed a set of truncated, soluble forms of HVEM/HveA and examined their effects on HSV-1 infection of resistant CHO-K1 cells and susceptible derivatives. In cultures of CHO-K1 cells, sHveA102 caused infection of greater than 90% of the cells at an MOI of 3 using a lacZ-expressing virus, KOS/tk12. In contrast, sHveA162 did not mediate virus entry into these cells. Both sHveA102 and sHveA162 blocked KOS/tk12 infection of CHO-K1 cells stably expressing HVEM/HveA in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that both were capable of binding to viral gD. We suggest that sHveA162, unlike sHveA102, prevents the folding of gD into an active conformation that can trigger the fusion process. Together, these results show that sHveA162 may be utilized to restrict the natural host range of HSV-1 and that sHveA102 combines the properties of limited size and unimpaired activation of gD that can make it a desirable component of HSV targeting adapters.
Chinese medical journals Include summaries of key articles
Authors: A Y Finlay, R Marks, J P Hayter, S Lee
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - We agree with Richard Smith that a wealth of medical science is being published in China but is getting no exposure in English speaking countries.1 But his suggestion that individuals should contact the appropriate directors in Beijing for information, although helpful, is unwieldy and unlikely to be followed up by those without specific professional interests. General medical readers need to be more easily kept informed, and one way of helping them in this is for English language journals to carry short summaries of key work from the current Chinese medical literature. The June 1994 edition of the Journal of Dermatological Treatment, for example, devoted two pages to summarising eight articles selected by eminent Chinese dermatologists.2 We encourage other editors to follow this example. 1. 1.↵1. Smith R .Chinese medical journals: getting in touch.BMJ1994;309: 74. (9 July.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] 2. 2.↵International literature reviews: Chinese journal review.Journal of Dermatological Treatment1994;5:109–10. [OpenUrl][3] # English is a barrier {#article-title-4} EDITOR, - Richard Smith highlights the wealth of material in Chinese medical journals.1 During an attachment to the head and neck … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DSmith%26rft.auinit1%253DR.%26rft.volume%253D309%26rft.issue%253D6947%26rft.spage%253D74%26rft.epage%253D74%26rft.atitle%253DChinese%2Bmedical%2Bjournals%253A%2Bgetting%2Bin%2Btouch%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F8038669%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=309/6947/74&atom=%2Fbmj%2F309%2F6955%2F666.2.atom [3]: {openurl}?query=rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
Philip John Pegg
Authors: David E Pegg
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​FormerFormer medical director of performance improvement Christiana Care, Wilmington, Delaware, USA (b 1936; q Westminster 1960; FRCPath, AKC), died from multiorgan failure on 31 July 2005.



Figure 1



John was appointed medical director of clinical chemistry at the Medical Center of Delaware (now Christiana Care) in 1973, serving as chairman for eight years. He became an American citizen in 1977. In 1996 he was appointed the first medical director of performance improvement at Christiana Care and was instrumental in the organisation gaining national recognition for excellence in patient care. He leaves a wife, Kay; three children; five grandchildren; and three step grandchildren.
Tetanus Antitoxin Reactions
Authors: Milton H. Stern
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recent recommendations suggest booster doses of toxoid in previously immunized individuals and use of tetanus immune globulin (human) otherwise. This is adequately summarized in the<i>AMA Drug Evaluations 1971</i>. Present day courts might well question any use of tetanus antitoxin with adverse effects, should either of the other two alternatives be available.
Parkin Protects against Neurotoxicity in the 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Linda Vercammen, Anke Van der Perren, Elisabetta Vaudano, Rik Gijsbers, Zeger Debyser, Chris Van den Haute, Veerle Baekelandt
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Loss-of-function mutations in the PARK2 gene are the major cause of early onset familial Parkinson's disease. The gene product, parkin, is an E3 ligase of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway involved in protein degradation. Dopaminergic neuron loss may result from the toxic accumulation of parkin substrates, suggesting a key role for parkin in dopaminergic neuron survival. In this study, we have investigated the neuroprotective capacity of parkin in the 6-OHDA rat model for Parkinson's disease. 6-OHDA induces the generation of reactive oxygen species leading to the degeneration of catecholaminergic neurons, but may also impair proteasome activity. Lentiviral vectors encoding human wild-type parkin or green fluorescent protein were stereotactically injected into the substantia nigra 2 weeks prior to a striatal 6-OHDA lesion. Histological analysis 1 and 3 weeks after lesioning showed a significant preservation of dopaminergic cell bodies and nerve terminals. Moreover, lesioned rats overexpressing parkin displayed a corresponding behavioral improvement as measured by the amphetamine-induced rotation test and the cylinder test. The improved performance in the amphetamine-induced rotation test lasted until 20 weeks after lesioning. Our results demonstrate that parkin acts as a potent neuroprotective agent in vivo against 6-OHDA toxic insults. These data support the therapeutic potential of parkin for the treatment of not only familial but also sporadic Parkinson's disease.
Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections by Intravesical Administration of Hyaluronic Acid and Chondroitin Sulphate: A Placebo-Controlled Randomised Trial
Authors: Rocco Damiano, Giuseppe Quarto, Ilaria Bava, Giuseppe Ucciero, Renato De Domenico, Michele I. Palumbo, Riccardo Autorino
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Points: Assessment of insomnia
Authors: D. Gordon
Journal: BMJ (1981)

liams's letter (10 October, p 987) about the management of gastrointestinal bleeding, and agree entirely with your comment.I would take exception, however, to his last sentence, which implies that an "alcoholic binge" may lead to an upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage and that this does not require investigation.It is our experience that when alcoholic excess leads to a massive bleed there is usually a chronic underlying cause, and I would suggest that these patients most certainly should be investigated.
miR-128b is a potent glucocorticoid sensitizer in MLL-AF4 acute lymphocytic leukemia cells and exerts cooperative effects with miR-221
Authors: Ai Kotani, Daon Ha, James Hsieh, Prakash K. Rao, Diana Schotte, Monique L. den Boer, Scott A. Armstrong, Harvey F. Lodish
Journal: Blood (2009)
Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Laura A. Schwartz, Robert M. Golub
Journal: JAMA (2012)

T he urinary tract is made up of the bladder, the urethra, the ureters, and the kidney.Urine is made by the kidneys.It then flows down the ureters to the bladder where it is stored before being passed out of the body through the urethra.Urine is usually a sterile fluid, but when it is infected, it contains bacteria.Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are very common, especially in women.When they happen over and over, this is called recurrent UTI.If your primary care doctor diagnoses recurrent UTI, you may be referred to a urologist, a doctor with specialized education in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions in the urinary tract.
1755 and all that: a historical primer of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
Authors: P. Brown, R. Bradley
Journal: BMJ (1998)

In the political and economic turmoil of 18th century Europe, England gradually established itself as the dominant trading power. By far its most important commercial product was woollens, involving in one way or another nearly a quarter of the British population, which at 10 million people approximated the number of British sheep. Sir Robert Walpole, the embodiment of pragmatic mercantile economics, was prime minister of an increasingly powerful and commercially inclined Whig government, and, with the agricultural revolution in full swing, the invention of the flying shuttle and spinning jenny and the imminent introduction of steam power would soon convert weaving from a handicraft to a mechanical process. Wool, already in short supply, was at a premium. In this setting, it is not surprising that in 1755 a discussion took place in the British parliament about the economic effects of a fatal and spreading disease in sheep, and the need for government to do something about it.1 Thus began the recorded history of scrapie.

#### Summary points

Where or when the disease actually first appeared is unclear, although there …
943. Prognostic Determinants Associated with Efficacy of Adenoviral p53 Gene Therapy in Patients with Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: John Nemunaitis, Carol Bier-Laning, Gary L. Clayman, David Van Echo, L. Guertin, J. Hamm, Robert Dreicer, George H. Yoo, H. Minn, M. Bekradda, W. Sutherland, Kerstin B. Menander, Robert E. Sobol, Jerry Goodwin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)
Peers could force second redrafting of rules on tendering services
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The government could be forced to abandon controversial regulations that would open up large parts of the NHS in England to competition if peers decide the rules are unworkable and damaging to the NHS and patient care.

Although the regulations, tabled under section 75 of the Health and Social Care Act, come into force on 1 April, they can still be challenged by peers, leading to a debate and vote in the House of Lords, up to 40 days later.

Philip Hunt, the Labour Party’s spokesman on health in the House of Lords, will put down a “prayer” before the house on 27 March calling for the regulations to be revoked. Because the …