tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Flowers in a Blue Vase&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sequential Activation of Snail1 and N-Myc Modulates Sonic Hedgehog–Induced Transformation of Neural Cells
Authors: Leah E. Colvin Wanshura, Katherine E. Galvin, Hong Ye, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Cynthia Wetmore
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Activation of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway and increased expression of Gli1 play an important role in proliferation and transformation of granule cell progenitors (GCP) in the developing cerebellum. Medulloblastomas arising from cerebellar GCPs are frequently driven by Shh pathway-activating mutations; however, molecular mechanisms of Shh pathway dysregulation and transformation of neural progenitors remain poorly defined. We report that the transcription factor and oncogene Snail1 (Sna1) is directly induced by Shh pathway activity in GCPs, murine medulloblastomas, and human medulloblastoma cells. Enforced expression of Sna1 was sufficient to induce GCPs and medulloblastoma cell proliferation in the absence of Shh/Gli1 exposure. In addition, enforced expression of Sna1 increased transformation of medulloblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Analysis of potential Sna1 targets in neural cells revealed a novel Sna1 target, N-Myc, a transcription factor known to play a role in Shh-mediated GCP proliferation and medulloblastoma formation. We found that Sna1 directly induced transcription of N-Myc in human medulloblastoma cells and that depletion of N-Myc ablated the Sna1-induced proliferation and transformation. Taken together, these results provide further insight into the mechanism of Shh-induced transformation of neural progenitor cells and suggest that induction of Sna1 may serve to amplify the oncogenic potential of Shh pathway activation through N-Myc induction.
Multimodality Approach to Rare Coronary Artery Malformation
Authors: Wojciech Braksator, Wojciech Król, Karol Wrzosek, Jacek Sawicki, Mateusz Śpiewak, Cezary Kępka, Mirosław Dłużniewski, Piotr Hoffman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Revalidation of the retired
Authors: D J Hatch
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Professor Vickers1 is to be congratulated on drawing our attention to the GMC's plans to stamp out the growing threat we retired doctors pose to ourselves and our families and friends by the reckless prescription of lethal drugs. It is not only the recipients of these murderous scrips who stand to benefit from this campaign. In a perverse way, so will retired doctors. Well into our second gin and tonic, no longer will we have to respond to the stirrings of conscience as dawns the hideous realization that we are the only doctor on the aeroplane. For we are to be officially absolved from the weighty responsibilities of administering intramuscular adrenaline, intravenous diamorphine, intramuscular glucagon or nebulized salbutamol. The GMC has no apparent objection to retired doctors carrying out the odd tracheostomy on themselves or their loved ones, but even a tension pneumothorax in mid-air is no longer our concern. Which of us can honestly claim that surgery using a wire coat-hanger and a bottle of brandy is within our competence? Thanks to the GMC, the only necessary action will be to restore equanimity by urgent replenishment of the gin and tonic.
Contemporary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Balloon Angioplasty for Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: V.S. Srinivas, Maria Mori Brooks, Katherine M. Detre, Spencer B. King, Alice K. Jacobs, Janet Johnston, David O. Williams
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— This investigation compares the results of contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with standard balloon angioplasty among patients with multivessel coronary disease. Patients having balloon angioplasty in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) and those within the Dynamic Registry meeting BARI eligibility criteria were studied. Methods and Results— Clinical features and in-hospital and 1-year outcomes of 857 BARI-eligible patients in the Dynamic Registry (contemporary PCI) were compared with the 904 randomized patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in BARI. Compared with BARI patients, Registry patients had fewer lesions attempted (1.53 versus 2.56, P =0.001), more frequent single-vessel PCI (76% versus 33%, P &lt;0.001), greater use of intracoronary stents (76% versus 1%, P &lt;0.001), and GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist (24% versus 0%, P &lt;0.001). Angiographic success was achieved more often among Registry patients (91% versus 72%, P &lt;0.001), whereas abrupt closure (1.5% versus 9.5%, P &lt;0.001) and in-hospital coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (1.9% versus 10.2%, P &lt;0.001) and myocardial infarction (0.8% versus 2.1%, P =0.025) were less common. No differences were observed in either in-hospital or 1-year death, but 1-year death/myocardial infarction was lower in the Registry. Registry patients had lower 1-year rates of subsequent CABG (8.6% versus 22.7%, P &lt;0.001) and PCI (12.4% versus 22.5%, P &lt;0.001). By multivariate analysis, contemporary PCI was independently associated with reduced risk for in-hospital CABG, 1-year CABG, and 1-year PCI. Conclusions— Among patients with multivessel disease, contemporary PCI resulted in safer and more durable revascularization. These results support the role of PCI for selected patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.
Influence of Intra-arterial Hydrocortisone on Adrenergic Responses in the Hand
Authors: J. Ginsburg, R. S. Duff
Journal: BMJ (1958)

The profound influence exerted by the adrenal cortex on vascular activity has been abundantly demonstrated in laboratory animals, and there are good clinical grounds for inferring a similar relationship in man.In hypertensive patients who subsequently develop Addi- son's disease or who are treated by bilateral adrenalec- tomy a fall in blood pressure has been noted (Perera,
USE OF PALATE MUCOUS MEMBRANE FLAPS IN ANKYLOSIS OF THE JAW DUE TO CICATRICIAL FORMATIONS IN THE CHEEK
Authors: JOHN B. MURPHY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In two cases of ankylosis of the jaw due to cicatricial formations in the cheek following destruction of tissue I resorted to a method of flap-interposition which, so far as I know, is original. It is well known, I believe, that in all my arthroplasties I have favored the pedicled flap for interposition between the ends of the bones. Therefore, when the first of these two cases of ankylosis of the jaw came under my observation, I endeavored to secure a pedicled flap for interposition to prevent a recurrence of the ankylosis. The flap in the first case was removed from the hard and soft palate of the patient and consisted of the mucosa and submucosa. It was a pedicled tongue-shaped flap and it was swung outward so as to cover over the denuded bony surface of the upper jaw, which had been formed when the jaws were chiseled apart.
Necrotizing Angiitis Associated with Drug Abuse
Authors: B. Philip Citron, Mordecai Halpern, Margaret McCarron, George D. Lundberg, Ruth McCormick, Irwin J. Pincus, Dorothy Tatter, Bernard J. Haverback
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Fourteen young drug abusers with a necrotizing angiitis indistinguishable from periarteritis nodosa were studied. The six women and eight men had used narcotics, stimulants, hallucinogens and depressants. Methamphetamine, alone or in combination with heroin or d-lysergic acid diethylamide, was used commonly. The clinical presentation varied from a complete lack of symptoms in five patients to pleomorphic systemic signs and symptoms with renal failure, hypertension, pulmonary edema and pancreatitis. The vascular changes of necrotizing angiitis, including arterial aneurysms and sacculations, were noted in the kidney, liver, pancreas and small bowel at selective angiography. Post-mortem findings in four patients revealed generalized vascular changes of differing age, including chronic and healed lesions. Because of the multiplicity of injected substances with the high probability of contamination the exact etiologic agent in these cases is not clear; however, methamphetamine appears to be a common denominator.
Core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse: a retrospective study from the French AML Intergroup
Authors: Marie-Anne Hospital, Thomas Prebet, Sarah Bertoli, Xavier Thomas, Emmanuelle Tavernier, Thorsten Braun, Cécile Pautas, Aurore Perrot, Bruno Lioure, Philippe Rousselot, Jérôme Tamburini, Thomas Cluzeau, Johanna Konopacki, Edouard Randriamalala, Céline Berthon, Marie-Pierre Gourin, Christian Recher, Jean-Yves Cahn, Norbert Ifrah, Hervé Dombret, Nicolas Boissel
Journal: Blood (2014)
Inaugural editorial: Military Medical Research
Authors: Guo-Quan Ren
Journal: Military Medical Research (2014)

Military medicine is one of the most innovative part of human civilization. Along with the rapid development of medicine and advances in military techniques, military medicine has become the focus and intersection of new knowledge and new technologies. Innovation and development within military medicine are always ongoing, with a long and challenging path ahead. The establishment of "Military Medical Research" is expected to be a bounden responsibility in the frontline of Chinese military medicine.
Scientific Rationale for a Change in the Composition of Oral Rehydration Solution
Authors: Christopher Duggan
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correlation between phenotype and genotype in a large unselected cohort of children with severe hemophilia A
Authors: Manuel D. Carcao, H. Marijke van den Berg, Rolf Ljung, Maria Elisa Mancuso, C Altisent, G Auerswald, E Chalmers, H Chambost, A Cid, S Claeyssens, N Clausen, K Fischer, Van Creveld Kliniek, Ch van Geet, K Peerlinck, R Kobelt, W Kreuz, C Escuriola, K Kurnik, R Liesner, R Ljung, A Mäkipernaa, A Molinari, W Muntean, J Oldenburg, R Pérez Garrido, P Petrini, H Platokouki, A Rafowicz, E Santagostino, ME Mancuso, A Thomas, M Williams, SC Gouw, HM van den Berg, G Kenet, M Carcao, G Rivard
Journal: Blood (2013)
Dietary fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin decrease resistance of rats to salmonella: protective role of calcium
Authors: S J M Ten Bruggencate
Journal: Gut (2004)

We have shown recently that rapid fermentable fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) decreased resistance of rats towards salmonella. It is not known whether inulin (which is fermented more gradually) has similar effects or whether buffering nutrients can counteract the adverse effects of rapid fermentation.To compare the effects of dietary inulin and FOS on resistance of rats to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and to determine whether calcium phosphate counteracts the effects of fermentation.Male Wistar rats (n = 8 per group) were fed a human "Western style diet". Diets with 60 g/kg cellulose (control), FOS, or inulin had either a low (30 mmol/kg) or high (100 mmol/kg) calcium concentration. After an adaptation period of two weeks, animals were orally infected with 2 x 10(9) colony forming units of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Colonisation of salmonella was determined by quantification of salmonella in caecal contents. Translocation of salmonella was quantified by analysis of urinary nitric oxide metabolites in time.Inulin and FOS decreased intestinal pH and increased faecal lactobacilli and enterobacteria. Moreover, both prebiotics increased the cytotoxicity of faecal water and faecal mucin excretion. Both prebiotics increased colonisation of salmonella in caecal contents and enhanced translocation of salmonella. Dietary calcium phosphate counteracted most of the adverse effects of inulin and FOS.Both inulin and FOS impair resistance to intestinal infections in rats. This impairment is partially prevented by dietary calcium phosphate. The results of the present study await verification in other controlled animal and human studies.
The Causes of Colon Cancer
Authors: Gordon W. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I would offer the following comments on the article by Potter.<sup>1</sup> I am a retired general surgeon who worked as a medical missionary at the American Christian Hospital in Resht, Iran, from 1959 to 1964. During that 5-year period, despite a surgical schedule of 35 to 40 major cases a month, I encountered only three cases of colon cancer. Considering that the diet in that region of Iran consisted principally of polished rice, which is low in fiber, and assuming Burkitt's theory on the role of fiber in reducing the incidence colon cancer is correct, I would have expected colon cancer to be common in northern Iran. After returning to the United States in 1964,I wrote to the public health departments of several countries where rice is a dietary staple and requested information regarding the incidence of colon cancer, but received no response. I would suggest
Effects of Walking on Mortality among Nonsmoking Retired Men
Authors: Amy A. Hakim, Helen Petrovitch, Cecil M. Burchfiel, G. Webster Ross, Beatriz L. Rodriguez, Lon R. White, Katsuhiko Yano, J. David Curb, Robert D. Abbott
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The potential benefit of low-intensity activity in terms of longevity among older men has not been clearly documented. We examined the association between walking and mortality in a cohort of retired men who were nonsmokers and physically capable of participating in low-intensity activities on a daily basis.
Surgeon is jailed for fraudulent insurance claims after faking wife’s breast cancer
Authors: Muiris Houston
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A consultant surgeon has been jailed for four years for fraud by the Dublin Circuit Criminal Court for what the presiding judge described as a “particularly evil and nasty offence.” Emad Massoud (52) and his wife Gehan (45), a nurse, had earlier been convicted of defrauding almost €750 000 (£590 000; $1.2m) from two insurance companies after falsely claiming that Gehan Massoud had breast cancer.

It emerged during last month’s trial that Dr Massoud had presented breast tissue from his Egyptian mother in law, who did have …
Neurosurgeons debate best treatment of aneurysms
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Neurosurgeons are taking a long look at why— despite improved therapy—aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage continues to take a high toll among persons who often are in their most productive years. Some estimates are that an intracranial aneurysm lurks in one of every 50 North Americans. A first-time leak may occur in some 28,000 persons in the United States and Canada during the next year, with often devastating results. So far, says Neal F. Kassell, MD, professor of neurosurgery at the University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, at least two significant points have become clear. One is that more prompt recognition is needed by patients and physicians alike of the symptoms of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. These include a headache that has been described as "explosively" sudden in onset and more painful than any headache previously experienced by the patient. In such instances, prompt accurate diagnosis is mandatory, with early referral
Establishing ethical priorities in medicine.
Authors: A V Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Medical ethics might be said to have recently come of age or at least to be passing through the phase of adolescence, in which a new identity is being sought. The origins of the subject are, of course, very ancient, the fundamental source being the code of Hippocrates with its emphasis on the priority of patient benefit above all other considerations. But until recently the term has been understood mainly as a name for an implicit code of good conduct among the members of the medical profession, junior members of the profession learning by precept and example how to behave ethically in clinical practice. All this is now changing. There is a new mood of self criticism in the medical profession itself, as there is in many other professions concerned with the health care of individuals. The rapid social changes of our times and the increasing complexity of medical techniques have led the professions to look outside their own ranks for guidance about moral behaviour. A symptom of this change is the emergence of institutes and societies, with their corresponding journals, devoted to inter professional discussion, such as the Society for the Study of Medical Ethics in London with its Journal of Medical Ethics and the Society for Health and Human Values with its newly launched Journal of Medicine and Philosophy. These institutes -and other similar bodies-draw their reflections on medical ethics from philosophy, theology, and the social sciences, as well as from medicine itself.
Regulation of Hemoglobin Synthesis during the Development of the Red Cell
Authors: Arthur W. Nienhuis, Edward J. Benz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The process of erythroid-cell differentiation represents one of the most striking examples of biologic specialization known in nature. Erythropoiesis begins with an undifferentiated stem cell that, within seven to 10 days, gives rise to mature erythrocytes containing only the subcellular components adapting them to long-term survival and oxygen transport in the circulation. A remarkable accumulation of hemoglobin is achieved in the circulating erythrocyte. Indeed, in terminally differentiated late erythroblasts and reticulocytes, over 95 per cent of the total protein synthesis is devoted to the accumulation of the globin subunits of hemoglobin. Yet the structural genes coding . . .
Transient early wheeze and lung function in early childhood associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease genes
Authors: Marjan Kerkhof, H. Marike Boezen, Raquel Granell, Alet H. Wijga, Bert Brunekreef, Henriëtte A. Smit, Johan C. de Jongste, Carel Thijs, Monique Mommers, John Penders, John Henderson, Gerard H. Koppelman, Dirkje S. Postma
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Bilirubin Chemistry, Ionization and Solubilization by Bile Salts
Authors: Donald J. OSTROW, Lillian Celic
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Bilirubin is a linear tetrapyrrole whose conformation is affected by internal hydrogen bonds formed between the carboxyl side chains and dipyrromethenone rings. Structural variations include: constitutional isomerism of the vinyl or carboxyethyl side chains, geometric isomerism of the methene bridges, tautomerism of the lactam groups, conformational rotations about the central methylene bridge and ionization of one or both carboxyl groups. Aggregation of the dianion into dimers and multimers may occur. The pK a ’ values of the two carboxyl groups are affected greatly by the environment and may differ widely in micellar solutions like bile. Solubility of bilirubin in water is less than 1 n M at pH = 7 and about 0.1 μM at pH = 8. Nonetheless, it dissolves poorly in most lipid solvents, except for asymmetrical chloroalkanes. Hydrogen bond-breaking solvents, especially dimethyl sulfoxide, are most effective in solubilizing bilirubin. In bile salt solutions, solubility of bilirubin is well above the concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin found in normal human gallbladder bile, and is impaired by lecithin but unaffected by cholesterol. At physiological pH in bile salt solutions, bilirubin is predominantly in its monoanion form that binds readily to the micelles. In such solutions, addition of physiological concentrations of calcium precipitates calcium bilirubinate, leaving residual bilirubin concentrations of up to 15 μM in 50 mM taurocholate or close to the maximum bilirubin concentrations in normal bile. Studies in which disodium bilirubinate is dissolved in bile salt solutions and pH is adjusted to the physiological range reveal that metastable supersaturation with bilirubin may occur and that a mesophase may also form in the presence of lecithin, akin to that seen with cholesterol. These results form a basis for understanding the precipitation of calcium bilirubinate from bile during pigment gallstone formation.
Exercise therapy for osteoporosis: results of a randomised controlled trial.
Authors: E Preisinger, Y Alacamlioglu, K Pils, E Bosina, M Metka, B Schneider, E Ernst
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

OBJECTIVE: To define the effects of therapeutic exercise on bone density and back complaints. METHODS: A randomised controlled trial with parallel groups was conducted in an outpatient clinic, Medical School, University of Vienna. Ninety two sedentary post-menopausal women with back problems were randomly allocated to either exercise (groups 1 and 2) or control (group 3, no exercise, n = 31); the exercise group was retrospectively subdivided into compliant (group 1, n = 27) and not fully compliant patients (group 2, n = 34). Regular, initially supervised therapeutic exercise aimed at restoring biomechanical function was performed for four years. Bone density in the forearm was measured by single photon absorptiometry at entry and after four years; subjective back complaints were documented. RESULTS: A significant decrease in bone density was observed in groups 2 and 3; no change was noted in group 1; back complaints decreased in group 1 only. CONCLUSIONS: Sedentary postmenopausal women may benefit from regular long term therapeutic exercise in terms of subjective back complaints and slowed loss of bone mass.
What benefit has the label?
Authors: C. Pechlaner
Journal: BMJ (2010)

“Doctors believe to greatly benefit a patient by giving his illness a name” (Immanuel Kant). The benefit of the label “antiphospholipid syndrome”1 is unclear—how treatment should differ for patients with the syndrome (disease and positive antiphospholipid antibody tests) from those without (disease and negative tests) is …