tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
53. Post-Transcriptional Suppression of Striatal Mutant Huntingtin Leads to Mild Phenotypic Improvements in the R6/1 Mouse
Authors: Edgardo Rodriguez, Eileen Denovan-Wright, Kevin Nash, Alfred S. Lewin, Ronald J. Mandel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
We developed a recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) gene transfer strategy to post-transcriptionally suppress the levels of striatal mutant huntingtin (m-Htt) in the R6/1 HD transgenic mouse. Transient co-transfection of 293 cells with a mammalian expression vector containing the R6/1 HD transgene and a short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) directed against nucleotides 262|[ndash]|280 of the human huntingtin mRNA (siHUNT-1) resulted in |[sim]|58% and |[sim]|75% reduction in the levels of m-Htt mRNA and protein, respectively, when compared to cells receiving either a GFP-vector or a shRNA vector against the dog rhodopsin mRNA (siRho-1). Long-term in vivo rAAV5-mediated expression of siHUNT-1 in the striatum of R6/1 mice resulted in a loss of both m-Htt mRNA and protein as determined by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting analysis of transduced striatal tissue. This was concomitant with a significant reduction in the size and number of neuronal intranuclear inclusions as assessed by immunohistochemistry analysis of transduced versus non-transduced regions. We also observed a small (|[sim]|20%) but significant increase in the steady-state levels of pre-pro-enkephalin (ppEnk) and dopamine- and cAMP-responsive phosphoprotein of 32 kDa (DARPP-32) mRNAs throughout the striatum of rAAV5-siHUNT-1 injected transgenic mice compared to rAAV5-GFP injected controls. Finally, bilateral expression of rAAV5-siHUNT-1 resulted in a delayed on the onset of the rear paw clasping phenotype exhibited by the R6/1 mice. These results suggest that reduced levels of striatal m-Htt can lead to the amelioration of the HD phenotype in the R6/1 mouse.
P647Bone morphogenetic protein-2 is induced in the heart after ischemic injury
Authors: A Rutkovskiy, G Czibik, M Oloviannikova, TM Reine, J Sagave, G Valen, J Vaage
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) is known for its wide role in embryonic heart development, encompassing the differentiation of cardiomyocytes, vascularization, valvulogenesis and connective tissue formation. However, BMP2 function in the adult heart is unknown. Recent work indicates that other BMP family members may be involved in myocardial remodeling. We hypothesized that BMP2 is expressed during ischemic cardiac injury and in heart failure. Furthermore we wanted to study which cells in the heart express BMP2 and what stimuli may induce this expression.
Combining environmental information.
Authors: W W Piegorsch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Workshop proceedings and summary reports will appear in scientific periodicals and will also be available in various forms as technical reports from the NISS in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. In particular, study papers from the workshop will be prepared that will serve as indicators of further research directions, as well as current summaries of the complex issue of combining environmental data. Potential applications and improvements in associated areas of scientific/statistical research include census sampling, geostatistics, and biological effect modeling. This workshop was an experiment in how to stimulate and foster research and collaborations across disciplinary lines. Its motivation derives, however, from ever-growing social, political, economic, and scientific needs; with such strong background, it is hoped that the workshop stimulus will be strong, compelling, and fruitful.
High antiangiogenic and low anticoagulant efficacy of orally active low molecular weight heparin derivatives
Authors: Jin Woo Park, Ok Cheol Jeon, Sang Kyoon Kim, Taslim Ahmed Al-Hilal, Shun Ji Jin, Hyun Tae Moon, Victor C. Yang, Sang Yoon Kim, Youngro Byun
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Propranolol in the prevention of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis undergoing endoscopic sclerotherapy. A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Alec Avgerinos, George Rekoumis, Chrisostomos Klonis, Nickos Papadimitriou, Paraskevi Gouma, Stavros Pournaras, Sotos Raptis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1993)
INSULIN IN EXCESSIVE VOMITING AND ECLAMPSIA
Authors: Paul Titus
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The editorial comment inThe Journal, February 20, entitled "Insulin in Excessive Vomiting and in Eclampsia" was of distinct interest to me. I am firmly convinced of the infinite possibilities for harm which exist in the advice that insulin be given to these patients. This is particularly true of the recommendations of Stander and Duncan, and while I believe that insulin should not be added to the glucose injections given for the vomiting of pregnancy, it seems to be positively dangerous in eclampsia. Shortly after hearing my paper on "Hyperemesis Gravidarum," which was read at the last session of the American Medical Association at Atlantic City, Thalhimer wrote to me asking me to withhold its publication because he was certain that I was wrong in my advice against the addition of insulin to the glucose, and that he was right. I suggested that we let the Toronto
Abstract 1059: SUV39H1 promotes HCC tumorigenesis and is targeted by tumor suppressive miRNA-125b
Authors: Dorothy Ngo Yin Fan, Felice Ho Ching Tsang, Sandy Leung Kuen Au, Larry Lai Wei, Aegean Hoi Kam Tam, Chun Ming Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Epigenetic alternation is a common dysregulated event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Through interrogating the expression of 90 major epigenetic regulating genes, we identified SUV39H1, the prototype histone methyltransferase as one of the most frequently up-regulated epigenetic regulators in human HCC (61%, 23/38). SUV39H1 is responsible for H3K9 trimethylation establishment and essentially involves in heterochromatin formation and transcriptional repression. We found that SUV39H1 up-regulation in human HCC was significantly associated with increased Ki67 expression (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and the presence of venous invasion (P = 0.020), suggesting the importance of SUV39H1 in HCC tumor growth and metastasis. To investigate the functions of SUV39H1 in human HCC, both gain- and loss-of-function models were established. Ectopic expression of SUV39H1 remarkably enhanced cell clonogenicity and migratory ability of immortalized hepatocytes. Conversely, stable knockdown of SUV39H1 by shRNA substantially reduced cell proliferation, colony formation and migration of HCC cells. In addition, an elevated lysosomal β-galactosidase activity in SUV39H1 knockdown cells was observed and suggested the senescence-suppressive role of SUV39H1 in cancer progression. Consistent with previous observations, treatment of SUV39H1 inhibitor (Chaetocin) drastically suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HCC cells. The oncogenic function of SUV39H1 was further demonstrated by in vivo experiments, knockdown of SUV39H1 significantly inhibited tumorigenicity of HCC cells in both subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse model. Most importantly, SUV39H1 knockdown abolished pulmonary metastasis of HCC cells in orthotopic tumor implantation model. To further investigate the underlying mechanism of SUV39H1 up-regulation in HCC, we explored the potential regulation of SUV39H1 by microRNA. In silico analysis suggested SUV39H1 as a putative target of miR-125b. Ectopic expression of miR-125b precursor in HCC cells significantly inhibited SUV39H1 3′UTR luciferase reporter activity and suppressed endogenous SUV39H1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, down-regulation of miR-125b was frequently observed in human HCC (70%, 38/54) and was inversely correlated with SUV39H1 expression (P = 0.001). Taken together, we demonstrated that SUV39H1 was frequently up-regulated in human HCC and functioned as an oncogene in promoting HCC progression and metastasis. miR-125b negatively regulated SUV39H1 expression and downregulation of miR-125b may account for SUV39H1 up-regulation in human HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1059. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1059
Drug supply requirements for patients discharged from hospital.
Authors: S P Deacon, L Hammond, B Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1978)

, being individual to the patient (but it should be reassessed every 1-3 months).The narrower equivalent range of 13-15 kPa -with a critical arithmetic mean of 14 kPa (105 mm Hg)-could, however, be used; only extensive statistical evaluation will determine the most clinically realistic range.
Effect of cimetidine and ranitidine on drug induced damage to gastric epithelial cell monolayers in vitro.
Authors: M Romano, M Razandi, K J Ivey
Journal: Gut (1989)

The effect of the H2 blockers cimetidine and ranitidine on drug induced damage to gastric cell monolayers has been evaluated in conditions independent of systemic factors and their anti-acid properties. Monolayers of mucous cells from a human cell line MKN 28, obtained from a human gastric adenocarcinoma, have been studied. Cell damage has been assessed qualitatively by trypan blue dye exclusion test and quantitatively by 51Cr release assay. Cimetidine and ranitidine significantly protected cultured cells against damage induced by sodium taurocholate decreasing taurocholate induced 51Cr release by 36% (p less than 0.001) and 28% (p less than 0.01), respectively. Cimetidine was also protective in concentrations lower than ranitidine. This protection was not prevented by the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor indomethacin nor by the sulph-hydryl blocker N-ethylmaleimide. Incubation with cimetidine and ranitidine did not increase the production of PGE2 by cultured cells nor did it affect the cellular level of sulph-hydryl compounds. Cimetidine and ranitidine did not afford protection against damage induced by indomethacin and ethanol. Cimetidine in a concentration of 10 4M increased ethanol induced damage significantly. In conclusion (1) cimetidine and ranitidine protect gastric cells against taurocholate induced damage in vitro, independently of their anti-acid effect; (2) this protection is not mediated by prostaglandin E2 or sulph-hydryl compounds; (3) cimetidine and ranitidine do not protect gastric cells against damage induced by indomethacin and ethanol.
Role of Autonomic Hormones on Left Ventricular Performance Continuously Analyzed by Electronic Computers
Authors: ROBERT F. RUSHMER, THEODORE C. WEST, Allan C. Lobb, Dean L. Franklin, Robert W. Moss
Journal: Circulation Research (1957)

Ventricular responses during spontaneous activity by intact dogs have been studied by using electronic computors to continuously analyze ventricular function in terms of various parameters, including effective ventricular pressure, changes in left ventricular circumference or diameter, rate of change in ventricular dimensions, myocardial "power," myocardial "stroke work," "eumulative work" per unit time and heart rate. Simultaneous recordings of these various factors permit characterization and direct comparison of the nature and sequence of left ventricular responses during infusion of autonomic hormones, spontaneous activity or exercise. Intravenous infusion of catechol amines in "physiologic doses’ produces changes in ventricular performance which differ significantly from those observed during exercise, particularly with reference to heart rate. The left ventricle appears to be directly influenced by neural reflexes, some of which are probably initiated by higher centers of the nervous system.
Acute Epiglottitis: Challenge of a Rarely Recognized Emergency
Authors: J. D. Andrew, O. P. Tandon, D. C. Turk
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Acute epiglottitis is a fulminating infection of young children, requiring urgent and specific treatment. Most cases are caused by infection with Haemophilus influenzae type b. Only a few cases, nearly all of them fatal, have been reported from Britain, but probably many others go unrecognized. Of four cases seen by us in the past six years three survived, having responded rapidly and completely to treatment. This consisted chiefly of measures to deal with respiratory tract obstruction and parenteral administration of antibiotics. There is need for a widespread awareness of the existence, presenting features, and extreme urgency for treatment of this disease.
Displaced populations and long term humanitarian assistance
Authors: Maria Kett
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Conflicts and disasters—whether manufactured or natural—often result in the wide scale displacement of people. This may be as a result of destruction of homes and environment, religious or political persecution, or simply economic necessity. Some remain internally displaced within the borders of their own country, if not their own region or homeland. Others will cross international borders as refugees. (A refugee is legally defined as someone who has crossed an international border to escape actual or potential persecution.)

Whatever the reason for displacement, the resulting mass of vulnerable people, most of whom may be women and children, must be accommodated somewhere, be it in tented camps, semipermanent or permanent collective centres or settlements, or even private residences.

For healthcare professionals contributing to humanitarian missions and projects in the acute phase of population displacement, an awareness of some of the factors that can influence the long term outcomes can be of great benefit for understanding project implications and sustainability.

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Potential causes of displacement



Humanitarian responses can be considered under the phases of early or emergency, post-emergency or intermediate, and resettlement or long term (these phases overlap and are not necessarily sequential). This article focuses on continued responses in the long term resettlement phase.

View this table:

Changes in humanitarian response and responsibility over time



### Responsibilities

While the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) is legally bound by international statute to assist and protect refugees, this is not so for internally displaced people—though the commission often does take responsibility for them, as set out in its Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement .

View this table:

Statistics for internally displaced people



Other agencies that share responsibility for refugees and internally displaced people include the International Committee of the Red Cross (although its mandate ceases when conflict ends), the UN children's fund Unicef, …
The Spectrum of Positive Scan Patterns in Parathyroid Scintigraphy
Authors: Alan Siegel, Marc Mancuso, Marc Seltzer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Parathyroid scintigraphy provides the clinician treating primary hyperparathyroidism with valuable information regarding the presence and location of parathyroid adenomas. In dual-phase imaging of the parathyroid glands, a widely employed technique that exploits the radiotracer washout characteristics of parathyroid adenomas, images are typically obtained at 20 minutes after administration of the radiotracer (Tc-99m sestamibi or Tc-99m tetrofosmin) and again at 2 hours after injection. Additional imaging of the thyroid is frequently performed to localize thyroid tissue, using Tc-99m pertechnetate or iodine-123. A positive examination can display one of several different patterns; a focus of increased radiotracer activity representing a parathyroid adenoma may be detected on the initial images, on the delayed images, or both. On the thyroid scan, the parathyroid adenoma (if it is discernible) may appear as a cold defect or a persistently hot focus. In our retrospective review of 148 consecutive patients over a 2-year period, 74 examinations were positive and had pathologic confirmation. These examinations were divided into 4 patterns: I (hot focus seen on initial and delayed images, and not on thyroid scan), II (hot focus seen only in initial images), III (hot focus seen only on delayed images), and IV (hot focus seen on initial, delayed and thyroid scan images). Results were as follows: pattern I, 88% (65/74); pattern II, 7% (5/74); pattern III, 3% (2/74); and pattern IV, 3% (2/74). Parathyroid adenomas produce several different patterns on dual-phase scintigraphy. To interpret the examination correctly, it is important for the radiologist to be aware of these patterns of positivity.
The influence of microscopic technology on knowledge of cartilage surface structure.
Authors: D L Gardner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

Evidence for this opinion came from John Wedderburn, a Scottish student at Padua, who heard Galileo describe in 1610 how he had distinguished the organs of small animals and an insect by means of his telescope (Fahie, 1903).It is established that Galileo presented a compound microscope to the King of Poland in 1612 and that he helped to explain the mode of action of another instrument to a mystified Cardinal in 1624.
Mesenchymal stem cells regulate airway contractile tissue remodeling in murine experimental asthma
Authors: L. Mariñas‐Pardo, I. Mirones, Ó. Amor‐Carro, R. Fraga‐Iriso, B. Lema‐Costa, I. Cubillo, M. Á. Rodríguez Milla, J. García‐Castro, D. Ramos‐Barbón
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background Mesenchymal stem cells may offer therapeutic potential for asthma due to their immunomodulatory properties and host tolerability, yet prior evidence suggests that bloodborne progenitor cells may participate in airway remodeling. Here, we tested whether mesenchymal stem cells administered as anti‐inflammatory therapy may favor airway remodeling and therefore be detrimental. Methods Adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells were retrovirally transduced to express green fluorescent protein and intravenously injected into mice with established experimental asthma induced by repeat intranasal house dust mite extract. Controls were house dust mite‐instilled animals receiving intravenous vehicle or phosphate‐buffered saline‐instilled animals receiving mesenchymal stem cells. Data on lung function, airway inflammation, and remodeling were collected at 72 h after injection or after 2 weeks of additional intranasal challenge. Results The mesenchymal stem cells homed to the lungs and rapidly downregulated airway inflammation in association with raised T‐helper‐1 lung cytokines, but such effect declined under sustained allergen challenge despite a persistent presence of mesenchymal stem cells. Conversely, airway hyperresponsiveness and contractile tissue underwent a late reduction regardless of continuous pathogenic stimuli and inflammatory rebound. Tracking of green fluorescent protein did not show mesenchymal stem cell integration or differentiation in airway wall tissues. Conclusions Therapeutic mesenchymal stem cell infusion in murine experimental asthma is free of unwanted pro‐remodeling effects and ameliorates airway hyper‐responsiveness and contractile tissue remodeling. These outcomes support furthering the development of mesenchymal stem cell‐based asthma therapies, although caution and solid preclinical data building are warranted.
Morphologic differences of vessel wall at sites of focal and diffuse coronary vasospasm by Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS)
Authors: S.H. Ihm, K.B. Seung, D.H. Kang, W.S. Chung, C.J. Kim, J.S. Chae, J.H. Kim, S.J. Hong, K.B. Choi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Human microRNAs regulate stress-induced immune responses mediated by the receptor NKG2D
Authors: Noam Stern-Ginossar, Chamutal Gur, Moshe Biton, Elad Horwitz, Moran Elboim, Noa Stanietsky, Michal Mandelboim, Ofer Mandelboim
Journal: Nature Immunology (2008)
Comparison of Glucagon and Pethidine plus Atropine as Premedication for Peroral Endoscopy: A double blind study
Authors: M. Melsom, J. Myren, S. Larsen, A. Moe
Journal: Endoscopy (1977)

In a double blind study 30 male patients subjected to peroral endoscopy were given 0.5 mg glucagon (G) and 50 mg pethidine plus 0.5 mg atropine (PA) intravenously for premedication. The results showed that the PA group of patients had less discomfort, vomiting, salivary and gastric secretion during the examination than the G group. The arrestment of motility was significantly more prolonged in the G group of patients; otherwise no difference was found regarding the relaxation of the antrum, pylorus and duodenal bulb. This suggests glucagon to be superior to pethidine plus atropine when examinating these regions except in anxious patients which probably should have a sedative in addition to glucagon as premedication for peroral endoscopy.
Ethics Committees: Time to Experiment with Standards
Authors: John C. Fletcher
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Ethics committees now exist in most hospitals.Their recent establishment in many institutions was a response to a 1991 mandate by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO). Proposed or new legislation in a few states is elevating the status of these committees, either requiring their use in certain cases, allowing them to substitute for judicial review, or granting immunity to those who follow their advice. Despite these recent JCAHO and legislative developments, it is widely recognized that there is a significant lack of data on the effectiveness of these committees and that committee members often lack the requisite education and skills for effective participation in case consultation.We argue that before granting ethics committees additional authority, there is a need for more research on their performance and a period of experimentation with quality standards governing their membership and operations.
COINCIDENT DIPHTHERIA AND VINCENT'S ANGINA
Authors: J. W. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, April 16, is a case report by Dr. R. S. Spray of diphtheria and Vincent's angina running concurrently. To me the evidence is far from complete. Frequently there are cases of Vincent's infection in which the membrane closely simulates that in diphtheria. The fact that it cleared up following the administration of antitoxin is not conclusive; the improvement might have been coincidental, as cases of Vincent's angina with membrane formation sometimes improve without any specific treatment. The presence of a positive culture of the diphtheria bacillus is not conclusive evidence. The strain might be a nonvirulent one. Dr. Spray states that a virulence test is going to be made. I might suggest here that, if he uses the Force-Beattie technic, the culture would not have to be purified to make the test. And even if the strain of the diphtheria bacilli is a virulent
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF THE SEX HORMONES
Authors: GEORGE A. HARROP
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1935)

ExcerptAlmost all of our chemical and physiological knowledge of the estrogenic hormone has been acquired within a decade. Credit for this progress belongs to many workers. The stimulus which has produced such rapid development was furnished primarily by important studies. One was reported by Allen and Doisy late in 1923 when they showed that the injection of alcoholic follicular extracts from hog ovaries would bring about estrus in castrated mice or rats.1The second advance was made by Aschheim and Zondek in 1927,2when they demonstrated a substance in the urine of pregnant women which conformed in all of its...