tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Royal free Hospital. CASE OF ULCER OF THE STOMACH
Authors: W. Brinton
Journal: BMJ (1855)

THE following cases of chores are interesting, chiefly on account of the marked success of a plan of treatment not very frequently adopted, and indeed opposed to the views of many eminent authorities.In general, chorea is a disease yielding to treatment with sufficient ease; but examples occur now and then requiring great assiduity and patience, and so intractable on the usual plan as seriously to endanger life; indeed, more than one case is on record where the powers of life have been exhausted by the uncontrollable muscular efforts.CASE T. Emma Bladder, aged 12, a fresh coloured healthy looking child, was admitted an in-patient, under the care of Dr. Malden, Feb. 10th, 1855.Her mother states that, about three weeks ago, the girl had been frightened by some militiamen, and that in a few days she observed twitchings of the arm.The peculiar motions of chorea gradually extended, and increased in severity, till, on her admission, every limb was in constant motion, and the features were much distorted by the irregular and spzamodic action of the muscles.Her appetite is good, but e has some difficulty in swallowing food.Pulse and re- spiration normal.
Negative pressure ventilation in acute hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: A K Simonds
Journal: Thorax (1996)

Any technique that resurfaces for different indications over a century warrants re-evaluation.Negative pressure ventilation (nPV) is often associated with long term dom- iciliary respiratory support in chronic neuromuscular dis- orders, but was originally developed as a resuscitation aid in acute ventilatory failure.An early exponent was the Scottish inventor Alexander Graham Bell who devised a negative pressure vacuum jacket for the resuscitation of infants shortly after the death of his day old son in 1881.1 The original iron lung or tank ventilator, devised by Drinker, was first manufactured in the UK in 1934 and pressed into action during the acute poliomyelitis outbreak in 1938 and subsequent epidemics in the 1940s and 1950s.
Modulation of noncanonical TGF-β signaling prevents cleft palate in Tgfbr2 mutant mice
Authors: Jun-ichi Iwata, Joseph G. Hacia, Akiko Suzuki, Pedro A. Sanchez-Lara, Mark Urata, Yang Chai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Patients with mutations in either TGF-β receptor type I (TGFBR1) or TGF-β receptor type II (TGFBR2), such as those with Loeys-Dietz syndrome, have craniofacial defects and signs of elevated TGF-β signaling. Similarly, mutations in TGF-β receptor gene family members cause craniofacial deformities, such as cleft palate, in mice. However, it is unknown whether TGF-β ligands are able to elicit signals in Tgfbr2 mutant mice. Here, we show that loss of Tgfbr2 in mouse cranial neural crest cells results in elevated expression of TGF-β2 and TGF-β receptor type III (TβRIII); activation of a TβRI/TβRIII-mediated, SMAD-independent, TRAF6/TAK1/p38 signaling pathway; and defective cell proliferation in the palatal mesenchyme. Strikingly, Tgfb2, Tgfbr1 (also known as Alk5), or Tak1 haploinsufficiency disrupted TβRI/TβRIII-mediated signaling and rescued craniofacial deformities in Tgfbr2 mutant mice, indicating that activation of this noncanonical TGF-β signaling pathway was responsible for craniofacial malformations in Tgfbr2 mutant mice. Thus, modulation of TGF-β signaling may be beneficial for the prevention of congenital craniofacial birth defects.
Disruption of hepatic adipogenesis is associated with impaired liver regeneration in mice
Authors: Eyal Shteyer, Yunjun Liao, Louis J. Muglia, Paul W. Hruz, David A. Rudnick
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The liver responds to injury with regulated tissue regeneration. During early regeneration, the liver accumulates fat. Neither the mechanisms responsible for nor the functional significance of this transient steatosis have been determined. In this study, we examined patterns of gene expression associated with hepatic fat accumulation in regenerating liver and tested the hypothesis that disruption of hepatic fat accumulation would be associated with impaired hepatic regeneration. First, microarray–based gene expression analysis revealed that several genes typically induced during adipocyte differentiation were specifically upregulated in the regenerating liver prior to peak hepatocellular fat accumulation. These observations suggest that hepatic fat accumulation is specifically regulated during liver regeneration. Next, 2 methods were employed to disrupt hepatocellular fat accumulation in the regenerating liver. Because exogenous leptin supplementation reverses hepatic steatosis in leptin–deficient mice, the effects of leptin supplementation on liver regeneration in wild–type mice were examined. The data showed that leptin supplementation resulted in suppression of hepatocellular fat accumulation and impairment of hepatocellular proliferation during liver regeneration. Second, because glucocorticoids regulate cellular fat accumulation during adipocyte differentiation, the effects of hepatocyte–specific disruption of the glucocorticoid receptor were similarly evaluated. The results showed that hepatic fat accumulation and hepatocellular proliferation were also suppressed in mice with liver specific disruption of glucocorticoid receptor. In conclusion , suppression of hepatocellular fat accumulation is associated with impaired hepatocellular proliferation following partial hepatectomy, indicating that hepatocellular fat accumulation is specifically regulated during and may be essential for normal liver regeneration. (Hepatology 2004;40:1322-1332.)
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Deficiency Enhances Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury but Has Minimal Effect on the Antioxidant/Antinitrative Protection of Adiponectin
Authors: Yajing Wang, Erhe Gao, Ling Tao, Wayne Bond Lau, Yuexin Yuan, Barry J. Goldstein, Bernard L. Lopez, Theodore A. Christopher, Rong Tian, Walter Koch, Xin-Liang Ma
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Diabetes increases the morbidity/mortality of ischemic heart disease, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Deficiency of both AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and adiponectin occurs in diabetes, but whether AMPK is cardioprotective or a central mediator of adiponectin cardioprotection in vivo remains unknown.Male adult mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of a mutant AMPKalpha2 subunit (AMPK-DN) or wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to in vivo myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) and treated with vehicle or adiponectin. In comparison to WT, AMPK-DN mice subjected to MI/R endured greater cardiac injury (larger infarct size, more apoptosis, and poorer cardiac function) likely as a result of increased oxidative stress in these animals. Treatment of AMPK-DN mice with adiponectin failed to phosphorylate cardiac acetyl-CoA carboxylase as it did in WT mouse heart. However, a significant portion of the cardioprotection of adiponectin against MI/R injury was retained in AMPK-DN mice. Furthermore, treatment of AMPK-DN mice with adiponectin reduced MI/R-induced cardiac oxidative and nitrative stress to the same degree as that seen in WT mice. Finally, treating AMPK-DN cardiomyocytes with adiponectin reduced simulated MI/R-induced oxidative/nitrative stress and decreased cell death (P<0.01).Collectively, our results demonstrated that AMPK deficiency significantly increases MI/R injury in vivo but has minimal effect on the antioxidative/antinitrative protection of adiponectin.
The Best Health Care System in the World?
Authors: Victor R. Fuchs
Journal: JAMA (1992)

"AMERICANS enjoy the best health care system in the world." So says President Bush, and many physicians agree with this claim. But frequent repetition doesn't make it true. What kind of evidence would an objective observer examine to evaluate different systems of health care? Is it possible to determine the best system unambiguously, or does the choice depend on the criteria used? The "best" health care system may be like the "best" spouse—it all depends on what one is looking for. Physicians, for instance, may assign values to system characteristics that differ markedly from those assigned by the public. Even within the profession, each specialty may have a different point of view and reach different conclusions about the system, eg, radiologists vs family physicians. Naoki Ikegami, a Japanese psychiatrist, has suggested three criteria for assessing "best medical practice": (1) maintenance of technical standards in diagnosis and treatment; (2) preventive measures
Rupture of a Pancreatic Cyst Into the Portal Vein
Authors: Michael Zeller
Journal: JAMA (1966)

FAT NECROSIS of the pancreas and surrounding tissues is well known in the course of pancreatitis, but the additional involvement of subcutaneous nodular and generalized fat necrosis has received relatively little attention. This report describes a case of nodular subcutaneous fat necrosis and generalized fat necrosis due to rupture of the pancreas into the portal vein producing, in effect, direct intravenous absorption of pancreatic secretions. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 57-year-old, 150 lb (68 kg), white salesman came to Ravenswood Hospital on Jan 6, 1964, with painful dark areas of swelling on both legs. Three weeks previously he had observed pinpoint areas of redness which had enlarged over a period of several days from 0.5 to 0.6 cm in diameter. There was no immediate preceding history of illness or trauma. Three months earlier, the patient had had a cholecystectomy and a choledochostomy, with a postoperative diagnosis of cholecystitis, moderate common
The Doctor's Office
Authors: George Le Pera
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dissent on Question of the Month
Authors: GREGORY L. EASTWOOD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 February 1970Dissent on Question of the MonthGREGORY L. EASTWOOD, M.D.GREGORY L. EASTWOOD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-2-284_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The implication in the answer given to the first Question of the Month for October 1969 (1) requires some clarification. The patient had lumbar pain, anemia, high-normal blood urea nitrogen, and 3 + proteinuria. Further evaluation of the patient was to include all of the procedures listed except one—intravenous pyelography. In the reference for that answer (2) Dr. Linman points out that several instances of acute renal failure have followed intravenous pyelography in patients with plasmacytic myeloma and cites dehydration and abdominal pressure as factors that may enhance precipitation of Bence Jones protein in the renal tubules....References1. Question of the Month (Hematology). Ann Intern Med 71: 690, 1969 Google Scholar2. LINMAN J: Principles of Hematology, New York, The Macmillan Co. p. 424 Google Scholar3. LEUCUTIA T: Multiple myeloma and intravenous pyelography. Amer Ser J Roentgen 85:187-189, 1961 Google Scholar4. BERDON W: Tamm-Horsfall proteinuria Its relationship to prolonged nephrogram in infants and children and to renal failure following intravenous urography in adults with multiple myeloma. Radiology 92:714-722, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MORGANHAMMACK CW: Intravenous urography in multiple myeloma. New Eng J Med 275:77-79, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania Service Philadelphia VA Hospital 39th and Woodland Ave. Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1970Volume 72, Issue 2Page: 284-285KeywordsAcute renal failureAnemiaBlood urea nitrogenIntravenous pyelographyMyelomaProteinsProteinuriaPyelography ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prevention and Regression of Atherosclerosis by Peroxidase.
Authors: Josefina Caravaca
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Prevention and Regression of Atherosclerosis by Peroxidase.Josefina Caravaca, Ph.D., E. Grey Dimond, M.D., F.A.C.P.Josefina Caravaca, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. Grey Dimond, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1035_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA molecular subunit of beef hepatocatalase that exhibits high enzymatic activity as a peroxidase-oxidase and is essentially free of catalatic action has been isolated. The hepatocatalase peroxidase subunit (HCP) is a depolymerization product of hepatocatalase with an estimated molecular weight of 80,000 ± 12,000. It was obtained in the form of a stable, lyophilized, water-soluble powder by a procedure involving alkaline hydrolysis, dialysis, and lyophilization. Like hepatocatalase, HCP is also a porphyrin enzyme. The availability of this preparation has made it possible to study the peroxidatic function of catalase without interference from its catalatic action and to obtain some basic... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Josefina Caravaca, Ph.D.; E. Grey Dimond, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: La Jolla, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5 Page: 1035-1035 Keywords Atherosclerosis Enzymes Medical dialysis Peroxidases Porphyrins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
The effects of topical indomethacin and clobetasol propionate on post-cryotherapy inflammation
Authors: F. HUMPHREYS, J. SPIRO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article The effects of topical indomethacin and clobetasol propionate on post‐cryotherapy inflammation Get access F. HUMPHREYS, F. HUMPHREYS Department of Dermatology, Level 4. The Lauriston Building. The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. SPIRO J. SPIRO Harwell Laboratory, AEA Technology, Didcot. Oxon, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 132, Issue 5, 1 May 1995, Pages 762–765, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb00723.x Published: 01 May 1995 Article history Accepted: 26 July 1994 Published: 01 May 1995
Peak Expiratory Flow in Normal Subjects
Authors: I. Gregg, A. J. Nunn
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The relationship between peak expiratory flow (PEF), age, and height has been studied in 202 men and 199 women in south-west London. Strict criteria of “normality” were employed in the selection of the subjects. Multiple regression techniques were used to determine the form of the relationship for each sex. The findings have been compared with those of other authors, and possible reasons for differences include smoking, residence in a polluted area, and incorrect performance of the test.
Adrenal Function After Application of Topical Steroids Under Occlusive Plastic Film
Authors: Cyril March, Gordon Kerbel
Journal: JAMA (1964)

BECAUSE OF the very large increase in the use of topical steroids under plastic films<sup>1</sup>in such conditions as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, we thought that it would be worthwhile to study the adrenal function of patients who are undergoing such therapy. Except for tests which are concerned with adrenal reserve, determination of 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxysteroids in the urine is probably the most sensitive indicator available at the present time for evaluation of adrenal suppression due to administration of some of the more recently developed anti-inflammatory steroid compounds. These apparently are excreted in a form which is not detected by current methods used for measuring 17-ketosteroids or 17-hydroxysteroids in the urine,<sup>2</sup>so that the values obtained represent only endogenous production. This approach was not feasible with topically applied hydrocortisone and prednisone, the urinary end-products of which are similar to those resulting from endogenous adrenal secretion. Goldman and Cohen
Molecular evidence for the localization of Plasmodium falciparum immature gametocytes in bone marrow
Authors: Ruth Aguilar, Ariel Magallon-Tejada, Ariel H. Achtman, Cinta Moraleda, Regina Joice, Pau Cisteró, Connie S. N. Li Wai Suen, Augusto Nhabomba, Eusebio Macete, Ivo Mueller, Matthias Marti, Pedro L. Alonso, Clara Menéndez, Louis Schofield, Alfredo Mayor
Journal: Blood (2013)
Predictors of postoperative stricture after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial squamous cell neoplasms
Authors: S. Ono, M. Fujishiro, K. Niimi, O. Goto, S. Kodashima, N. Yamamichi, M. Omata
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de S. Ono et al., pp. 661Endoscopy 2009; 41(08): 826-826DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306742
Defective Mononuclear Leukocyte Chemotaxis: A Previously Unrecognized Immune Dysfunction
Authors: RALPH SNYDERMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Immunologic defects in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis vary but generally include impaired cell-mediated immunity. Mononuclear leukocyte accumulation at cellular-immune inflammatory sites is important to host defense against microbial invasion. The mononuclear leukocytes of a patient with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and cutaneous anergy failed to migrate in vitro toward two chemotactic stimuli—lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor and C5a. After treatment with transfer factor the patient's mononuclear leukocytes responded to both chemotactic factors. She also developed a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to candida antigen, but even after treatment her lymphocytes failed to produce chemotactic factor in response to candida antigen. These data suggest that defective mononuclear chemotactic function may result in hypersusceptibility to infection with Candida albicans and that transfer factor may enhance mononuclear leukocyte chemotactic responsiveness.
German doctors threaten to boycott patient record project
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The introduction of electronic health record cards in Germany has finally started, but doctors are threatening to boycott Germany's largest information technology project unless the financial terms are renegotiated. 

A new expert report on the costs of the project has led to fears among doctors that they will have to contribute far more than the estimated €1500 (£1010; $1950) for each practice for new computer software and hardware. 

The health ministry says that it will cost about €1.6bn overall. But expert advice by the technology consulting firm Booz Allen …
PTH-108 Sehcat: Nice Or Not Nice?: Abstract PTH-108 Table 1
Authors: KL Woolson, H Sherfi, T Sulkin, J Palmer, IA Murray
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is increasingly recognised as the underlying diagnosis in many patients with D-IBS and Crohn's disease, and SeHCAT testing has greatly increased. The 2012 NICE consultation document <sup>1</sup> acknowledges lack of evidence of cost effectiveness and advocates trial of treatment with bile acid sequestrants (BAS) rather than SeHCAT for Crohn's patients, but often these are poorly tolerated and the response equivocal. We review our experience of SeHCAT testing and review it with respect to NICE. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective review of 121 consecutive patients who had SeHCAT performed between April 2009 and December 2012. Patient demographics, associated diseases (Crohn's disease, right hemicolectomy, radiotherapy, HIV, microscopic colitis, coeliac disease, vagotomy and pyloroplasty, Graves disease, intestinal bypass, cholecystectomy), symptoms, previous tests and outcomes of BAS were reviewed. Logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of BAM. <h3>Results</h3> Patient age range was 18–85 years, median 50 years with the majority female (76; 63%). Of the patients investigated with SeHCAT scan, 78% had had a colonoscopy, 33% an OGD and 21% a CT scan. Only Crohn's disease and right hemicolectomy were significantly associated with BAM. The frequency and nature (steatorrhoea or watery diarrhoea) of the stool was not significantly correlated with BAM. The number of SeHCAT tests increased from 2 in 2009 to 62 in 2012. 57 (47%) had a positive scan of who 83% were given BAS post-test and of these 52% had a good response to therapy, 23% didn't respond and 10% couldn't tolerate the BAS. 14% of patients had a trial of therapy pre-test;38% of these responded to therapy. 29% of patients given BAS weren't seen after treatment so response is unknown. Unsurprisingly of those with a negative SeHCAT scan (n = 63) only one patient had a partial response to treatment. Of these 6 were given treatment prior to their test. Only one had Crohn's disease and none had a right hemicolectomy so the trial of treatment in most was unnecessary. <h3>Conclusion</h3> SeHCAT was often performed after many other investigations for diarrhoea. NICE guidelines suggest SeHCAT scan should be considered early in the investigation of chronic diarrhoea. Of the SeHCAT scans performed, 57% were positive and could have prevented invasive tests if performed earlier. For patients with Crohn's disease or right hemicolectomy sensitivity and PPV was sufficiently high to warrant treatment without testing as per NICE. <h3>Reference</h3> SeHCAT (Tauroselcholic [75Selenium] acid) for the investigation of bile acid malabsorption (BAM) and measurement of bile acid pool loss. http://guidance.nice.org.uk/DT/8 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Long-term outcomes after autograft versus homograft aortic root replacement in adults with aortic valve disease: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ismail El-Hamamsy, Zeynep Eryigit, Louis-Mathieu Stevens, Zubair Sarang, Robert George, Lucy Clark, Giovanni Melina, Johanna JM Takkenberg, Magdi H Yacoub
Journal: The Lancet (2010)