tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Factor-κB and Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Mediate Adaptive Radioresistance in Low-Dose Irradiated Mouse Skin Epithelial Cells
Authors: Ming Fan, Kazi Mokim Ahmed, Mitchell C. Coleman, Douglas R. Spitz, Jian Jian Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Mechanisms governing inducible resistance to ionizing radiation in untransformed epithelial cells pre-exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR; ≤10 cGy) are not well understood. The present study provides evidence that pre-exposure to 10 cGy X-rays increases clonogenic survival of mouse skin JB6P+ epithelial cells subsequently exposed to 2 Gy doses of γ-rays. To elucidate the molecular pathways of LDIR-induced adaptive radioresistance, the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and a group of NF-κB–related proteins [i.e., p65, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, cyclin B1, and 14-3-3ζ] were identified to be activated as early as 15 min after LDIR. Further analysis revealed that a substantial amount of both 14-3-3ζ and cyclin B1 accumulated in the cytoplasm at 4 to 8 h when cell survival was enhanced. The nuclear 14-3-3ζ and cyclin B1 were reduced and increased at 4 and 24 h, respectively, after LDIR. Using YFP-fusion gene expression vectors, interaction between 14-3-3ζ and cyclin B1 was visualized in living cells, and LDIR enhanced the nuclear translocation of the 14-3-3ζ/cyclin B1 complex. Treatment of JB6P+ cells with the NF-κB inhibitor IMD-0354 suppressed LDIR-induced expression of MnSOD, 14-3-3ζ, and cyclin B1 and diminished the adaptive radioresistance. In addition, treatment with small interfering RNA against mouse MnSOD was shown to inhibit the development of LDIR-induced radioresistance. Together, these results show that NF-κB, MnSOD, 14-3-3ζ, and cyclin B1 contribute to LDIR-induced adaptive radioresistance in mouse skin epithelial cells. [Cancer Res 2007;67(7):3220–8]
Proteomic Analysis of Pharmacologically Preconditioned Cardiomyocytes Reveals Novel Phosphorylation of Myosin Light Chain 1
Authors: D. Kent Arrell, Irina Neverova, Heather Fraser, Eduardo Marbán, Jennifer E. Van Eyk
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Abstract— Proteomic analysis of rabbit ventricular myocytes revealed a novel posttranslational modification to myosin light chain 1 (MLC1), consisting of phosphorylation at two sites. Subproteomic extraction to isolate myofilament-enriched fractions enabled determination of the extent of phosphorylation, which increased from 25.7±1.6% to 34.0±2.7% (mean±SE, n=4; P &lt;0.05) after adenosine treatment at levels sufficient to pharmacologically precondition the myocytes (100 μmol/L). Mass spectrometry of MLC1 tryptic digests identified two peptide fragments modified by phosphorylation. These two phosphopeptides were characterized by peptide mass fingerprinting to determine the phosphorylation sites within rabbit ventricular MLC1, which correspond to Thr69 and Ser200 of rat MLC1, and to Thr64 and Ser194 or 195 of human MLC1. This proteomic analysis of preconditioned myocardium has revealed a previously unsuspected in vivo posttranslational modification to MLC1.
High‐dose intravenous IgG therapy in a seven‐week‐old infant with chronic autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Authors: Hiroshi Sasaki, Hiroshi Akutagawa, Katsuji Kuwakado, Masaru Uemura, Isamu Emi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract A 7‐week‐old male infant tested positive for autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Serological studies revealed a positive Coombs test and a strong antibody with relative anti‐E specificity. Despite corticosteroid therapy, he frequently suffered severe hemolytic crises. During the course of the disease he had pneumonia, subcutaneous abscess, and sepsis, which were thought to be caused by his immunosuppressive state. His clinical course was chronic and refractory. Recently, high‐dose intravenous IgG therapy for the treatment of chronic AIHA has been reported, but it has not been successful in the management of adult AIHA. We attempted this therapy in our patient, and successful management was obtained.
Rebuttal of a Book Review
Authors: Mortimer J. Lacher, John R. Redman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters1 November 1990Rebuttal of a Book ReviewMortimer J. Lacher, MD, John R. Redman, MDMortimer J. Lacher, MDSearch for more papers by this author, John R. Redman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-9-723_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:When a medical book reviewer gets too emotional and gives advice more suitable to playgoers than to medical students or practitioners, then the "review" requires a rebuttal.Hodgkin's Disease: The Consequences of Survival(1) will not fulfill anyone's wish for the perfect book, but to be told not to buy it because it "bashes" radiation therapy is just the reason that every internist, medical oncologist, and radiation therapist ought to go out and buy it immediately. If you treat patients with Hodgkin disease or know someone who does, it is your obligation to read this book that...Reference1. Glatstein E. Hodgkin's disease: the consequences of survival [Book review]. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:175. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mortimer J. Lacher, MD; John R. Redman, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1990Volume 113, Issue 9Page: 723-723KeywordsEmotionsHodgkin lymphomaRadiation therapy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Increased incidence of faecal Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with HLA B7 CREG antigen and men with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: R Ebringer, D Colthorpe, A Young, M Corbett
Journal: BMJ (1980)

In a study of the carriage of faecal Klebsiella pneumoniae in 106 patients with rheumatoid arthritis the incidence of carriage was higher in men (28%) than women (14%) (p < 0.001) and klebsiellae were isolated on two or more occasions from a higher proportion of men than women (p < 0.002). The incidence of carriage was increased among patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had B7 cross-reacting (B7 CREG) antigens (32% v 13%--p < 0.001). Carriage of klebsiellae was not associated with clinical disease activity, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, drug treatment, or the presence of HLA Dw4 or DRw4 or both. Thus the carriage and prevalence of faecal Klebsiella pneumoniae appear to be partly determined by the sex and HLA state of the host.
The pustular eruption of ulcerative colitis: a variant of Sweet's syndrome?
Authors: None Sarkany, None Burrows, None Grant, None Pye, None Norris
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article The pustular eruption of ulcerative colitis: a variant of Sweet's syndrome? Get access R.P.E. Sarkany, R.P.E. Sarkany Department of Dermatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.P. Burrows, N.P. Burrows Department of Dermatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.W. Grant, J.W. Grant Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J. Pye, R.J. Pye Department of Dermatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.G. Norris P.G. Norris Department of Dermatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 138, Issue 2, 1 February 1998, Pages 365–366, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02099.x Published: 01 February 1998
Lactic Acidosis in Diabetes
Authors: P. J. Watkins, J. S. Smith, M. G. Fitzgerald, J. M. Malins
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Lactic acidosis is occasionally responsible for metabolic acidosis in diabetics. It may occur in the presence of normal blood levels of the ketone bodies, and such cases are often described as having "non-ketotic diabetic acidosis." Lactic acid may contribute to the metabolic acidosis in patients with true diabetic ketoacidosis, but the blood lactate concentrations in these patients are not usually very high. In some patients the ketoacidosis is replaced by a lactic acidosis during treatment. This usually occurs in association with a serious underlying disorder and is associated with a poor prognosis. A transient increase in blood lactate concentration was in fact observed in most patients after the beginning of treatment, but the significance of this finding is uncertain.
Effects of valsartan and valeryl 4-hydroxy valsartan on human platelets: A possible missing link to explain reduction of acute vascular events with angiotensin II receptor blockers
Authors: Victor L. Serebruany, Alex I. Malinin, David R. Lowry, David C. Sane, Randy L. Webb, Sidney O. Gottlieb, Charles H. Hennekens
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
THE TECHNIQUE OF RETINOSCOPY.
Authors: J. ELLIS JENNINGS
Journal: JAMA (1898)

It is only within the past ten years that the value of retinoscopy as an objective test in the estimation of errors of refraction, has been fully recognized. The fact that, after a little practice, the kind and amount of refractive error can be ascertained quickly, accurately and independently of the patient, has made it deservedly popular. This popularity is largely due to the labors of Philadelphia men, particularly of Drs. Jackson and Thorington, and I therefore feel that it is quite appropriate that any additions I may have to offer may receive your friendly criticism. <i>The mirror</i>which I use is plane, 2.2 cm. in diameter, with a central aperture 3 mm. in diameter cut through the glass. My objection to a mirror with the sight-hole obtained by merely scraping away the silvering, is that vision is obscured by the dust which unavoidably collects on the glass and which
Ophthalmic Pathology: An Atlas and Textbook
Authors: Jay I. Perlman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Ophthalmic Pathology  This text is the most complete sourcebook of ophthalmic pathology. Dr Spencer and his associates should be commended for undertaking the monumental task of revision.   fourth edition has many similarities to the third, but several notable changes have been made.  most noticeable, for those familiar with the previous edition, is the division of the previously unwieldy third volume into two separate volumes, primarily accomplished by giving the section on the uvea its own volume. Another significant change is the addition of the chapter The Eye, which opens the first volume. With this chapter, Dr Robert Folberg has provided an excellent overview of the technical aspects of ophthalmic pathology and a problem-oriented approach to the histopathology of the eye.  chapter Basic Mechanisms in Pathology, which opened the third edition, has been moved to the end of volume 4.  last major organizational change is placement
169. The Creation of Novel Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Vectors for Efficient Systemic Delivery of Transgenes to Tumors
Authors: Steve H. Thorne, David H. Kirn
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

While oncolytic adenoviral vectors, such as ONYX-015, have previously demonstrated anti-tumor potential in both pre-clinical and clinical trials, they have shown limited systemic delivery potential. We have developed a systemic delivery platform based on strains of replication selective vaccinia virus. Vaccinia was chosen as initial comparisons demonstrated that this virus was capable of considerably more efficient and rapid destruction of tumor targets than adenovirus and because even wild type strains displayed an innate tumor targeting potential. Several gene deletions were tested in vitro and found to further increase the tumor selectivity of vaccinia by limiting viral replication to transformed cells. Different deletions have allowed targeting of tumors based on a variety of selection mechanisms. These include the expression of cellular oncogenes, cellular proliferation, immune status of the tumor, tumor vasculature and loss of apoptotic potential within the tumor cell. Several of these deletion strains have since been selected for further development, these include vaccinia vectors targeting proliferating cells and cells with mutations in the Ras pathway and vectors targeting the immune privileged status of the tumor. In vivo studies showed that these viruses could be effectively delivered to tumors systemically, and that systemic delivery was followed by a vigorous anti-tumor response. This was despite the fact that these strains were highly attenuated in non-transformed cells, even in immunodeficient hosts. In addition, molecular imaging was used to demonstrate the ability of these viruses to selectively express transgenes to high levels in tumors following systemic delivery. The large cloning capacity of vaccinia allows for multiple transgenes to be expressed from one viral backbone; genes for increased cytotoxic and bystander effects, genes for imaging and genes to allow shutdown of viral replication as a safety mechanism have therefore been incorporated onto the same vector.
THE VALUE OF FLAVINE: A CLINICAL APPRECIATION
Authors: H. M. Savery
Journal: BMJ (1918)

THY ItRITTIR 28 ca,nal was thuis obtained, anid a sm-iall vertical slit in the dura mater showed where the miiissile had entered.There was a conisiderable escape of cerebro-spinal fluid.The (lura was in- cised in an upward direction fromn this slit an-d the foreign body, a piece of copper driving band, half an inch by a quarter of an inch, was found embeddled superficially in the spinal cord, about half an inch above its termination.It was re- moved, together with some fragmeuts of cloth, the wound ini the cord being bipped, and the canal suttured with fitle catgut.The rest of the operation area, with the traclk in the erector spinae, was then bipped and the whole completely sulttured, with catgnt,t for the muscles and silkworm gut for the slcini.After-History.Trhe patient wvas retainedi in hospital tenl days.The excessive p)iiuand hyperaesthesia were much improved the following (1ay, anid disappeared very quicklv.By the third dlay he was able to flex both knees and hips, atnd the power inl his limbs in- creased up to the time of his evacuation.A catheter was passed niight and morning at first, and the bladder washed out with lboric lotion.On the foturth day he micturated himself, but for the next two days required a catheter again.From the seventh dlay he micturated regularly, and completely emptied his 1a14dder.The wound had healed completely before his evacuation to the base, and his general coudition was very satisfactory.CASE II.Pte. N., stretcher-bearer was admitted (April, 1918) with a wonund of the back, about 2 in. to the left of the middle line, and opposite to the fifth lumbar spine.His chief complaint vas of pain down the left leg, like sciatica, aggravated by the w-eight of the clothes.There was loss of power in the leg,
Diagnosis and Treatment of Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency in Man
Authors: M. Press, H. Kikuchi, T. Shimoyama, G. R. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Essential fatty acid deficiency was found on four occasions in three adult patients with malabsorption after intestinal resection. Diagnosis was primarily based on the gas chromatographic finding of the abnormal fatty acid 5, 8, 11- (omega9) eicosatrienoic acid in plasma lecithin. None of the patients had received parenteral nutrition with a fat-free source of calories but all had been on a reduced intake of dietary fat at some stage. Treatment with intravenous Intralipid rapidly reversed the abnormal plasma fatty acid pattern and also cleared the rash in the patient wih he most severe deficiency.
Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus ointment compared with that of hydrocortisone acetate ointment in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Sakari Reitamo, Edwin J M Van Leent, Vincent Ho, John Harper, Thomas Ruzicka, Kirsti Kalimo, Frédéric Cambazard, Malcolm Rustin, Alain Taïeb, David Gratton, Daniel Sauder, Graham Sharpe, Catherine Smith, Michael Jünger, Yves de Prost
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
ABC of Clinical Genetics. Clinical genetic services.
Authors: H. M. Kingston
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Single gene Numerous though (mendelian) individually rare Clear pattern of inheritance High risk to relatives Multifactorial Common disorders No clear pattern of Chromosomal Somatic mutation inheritance Low or moderate risk to relatives Mostly rare No clear pattern of inheritance Usually low risk to relatives Accounts for mosaicism Increasingly recognised cause of neoplasia
Hepatitis B virus infection in high-risk inner-city neighborhoods in San Francisco
Authors: David Siegel, Miriam J. Alter, Stephen Morse
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To examine the extent of hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) in an inner-city community, we determined the prevalence, incidence, and correlates of HBV seroreactivity in a representative sample of unmarried whites, African-Americans, and Hispanics living in San Francisco during 1988 to 1989 and again 1 year later in 1989 to 1990. Unmarried men and women aged 20 to 44 years were surveyed in a random household sample drawn from three neighborhoods of varying geographic and cultural characteristics. Hepatitis B infection was determined by testing specimens for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Of blood samples available from 1,108 participants from the initial survey, 159 (14%) were anti-HBc positive. There was a strong positive association between anti-HBc positivity and positive serological tests for human immunodeficiency virus, herpes virus type 2, and syphilis. In women and heterosexual men, after controlling for other variables, anti-HBc positivity was significantly associated with older age (P < .001), nonwhite ethnicity (P < .01), less education (P < .05), injection drug use (P < .001), being paid for sex (P < .05), and lifetime number of sexual partners (P < .05). Among homosexually active men, after controlling for other variables, anti-HBc positivity was significantly associated with nonwhite ethnicity (P < .001), injection drug use in a sexual partner (P < .05), and number of lifetime sexual partners (P < .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
David Alexander Thomson
Authors: David Neden
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​FormerFormer general practitioner Ramsgate and Doune, Stirlingshire (b 1914; q Glasgow 1938; MRCOG), died from pneumonia on 8 February 2005.



Figure 1



David served as medical officer in the Royal Navy through the second world war, partly on destroyers in North Atlantic convoys. He later disarmed underwater explosives and taught people how to do it. For this, especially on the approaches to the Normandy beaches on D Day, he was appointed OBE. He moved to Ramsgate at the start of the NHS to join his uncle in general practice. He established a family practice that was large by today's standards and moved into one of the first purpose designed doctors' surgeries. He leaves a wife, Patricia; two sons; and five grandchildren.
The Relationship of Health Aid to Population Health Improvements
Authors: Eran Bendavid, Jay Bhattacharya
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

International aid to the health sector is an important component of all health spending in many developing countries. The relationship between health aid and changes in population health among aid recipients remains unknown.To quantify the relationship between health aid and changes in life expectancy and mortality in children younger than 5 years (under-5 mortality) among aid recipient nations.Cross-country panel data analysis of the relationship between measures of health aid, life expectancy, and under-5 mortality. Using difference models for longitudinal data with fixed effects for countries and years, we estimated the unique relationship between health aid and changes in life expectancy and under-5 mortality, controlling for gross domestic product per capita, urbanization, and total fertility rate.A total of 140 aid-recipient countries between 1974 and 2010.Annual amount of development assistance directed to the health sector in constant 2010 US dollars.Improvements in under-5 mortality and life expectancy in the period following aid receipt.Between 1974 and 2010, each 1% increase in health aid was associated with 0.24 months greater increase in life expectancy (95% CI, 0.02-0.46) (P = .03) and a 0.14 per 1000 live births faster decline in the probability of under-5 deaths per 1000 live births (95% CI, 0.02-0.26) (P = .02). The association between health aid and health improvements has strengthened over time, with the closest association occurring between 2000 and 2010. Health improvements associated with health aid are measurable for 3 to 5 years after aid disbursement. These findings imply that an increase of $1 billion in health aid could be associated with 364,800 fewer under-5 deaths (95% CI, 98,400-630,000).International aid to the health sector is related to increasing life expectancy and declining under-5 mortality. The benefits from aid appear to last for several years and have been greatest between 2000 and 2010, possibly because of improving health technologies or effective targeting of aid.
Postconditioning Protects Against Endothelial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Human Forearm
Authors: Stavros P. Loukogeorgakis, Anna T. Panagiotidou, Derek M. Yellon, John E. Deanfield, Raymond J. MacAllister
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Hypoxic cell death follows interruption of blood supply to tissues. Although successful restoration of blood flow is mandatory for salvage of ischemic tissues, reperfusion can paradoxically place tissues at risk of further injury. Brief periods of ischemia applied at the onset of reperfusion have been shown to reduce ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, a phenomenon called postconditioning. The aim of this study was to determine whether postconditioning protects against endothelial IR injury in humans, in vivo.Brachial artery endothelial function was assessed by vascular ultrasound to measure flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in response to forearm reactive hyperemia. FMD was measured before and after IR (20 minutes of arm ischemia followed by 20 minutes of reperfusion) in healthy volunteers. To test the protective effects of postconditioning, 3 cycles of reperfusion followed by ischemia (each lasting 10 or 30 seconds) were applied immediately after 20 minutes of arm ischemia. To determine whether postconditioning needs to be applied at the onset of reperfusion, a 1-minute period of arm reperfusion was allowed before the application of the 10-second postconditioning stimulus. IR caused endothelial dysfunction (FMD 9.1+/-1.2% pre-IR, 3.6+/-0.7% post-IR, P<0.001; n=11), which was prevented by postconditioning applied as 10-second cycles of reperfusion/ischemia (FMD 9.9+/-1.7% pre-IR, 8.3+/-1.4% post-IR, P=NS; n=11) and 30-second cycles of reperfusion/ischemia (FMD 10.8+/-1.7% pre-IR, 9.5+/-1.5% post-IR, P=NS; n=10) immediately at the onset of reperfusion. No protection was observed when the application of the 10-second postconditioning stimulus was delayed for 1 minute after the onset of reperfusion (FMD 9.8+/-1.2% pre-IR, 4.0+/-0.9% post-IR, P<0.001; n=8).This study demonstrates for the first time that postconditioning can protect against endothelial IR injury in humans. Postconditioning might reduce tissue injury when applied at the onset of reperfusion by modifying the reperfusion phase of IR.