tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Extending life brings conceptual as well as technological challenges
Authors: Lisa Hitchen
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Pills to make healthy people happier are unlikely to be developed in the United Kingdom, because drug companies would not be able to sell them without appearing to contravene the Misuse of Drugs Act. That was a message given last week at a conference on life extension and enhancement.

David Nutt, professor of psychopharmacology at the University of Bristol, told the conference in Oxford that scientists' understanding of pleasure responses in the brain is increasing to the point where one day it would be possible to make drugs that can make people feel happier without the associated side effects of tolerance and dependence.

But getting the drug industry to invest in them would be difficult. “They could only be marketed at the depressed,” he said. “If they were given to the healthy they would be being sold in a recreational way. They would be seen as [coming] under the Misuse of Drugs Act, and this would be unappealing to drug companies.”

Regulatory confusion, problems with failure of drugs, litigation, and media hostility …
Effect of prolonged low-dose angiotensin II infusion on the sensitivity of adrenal cortex in man.
Authors: W Oelkers, M Schöneshöfer, G Schultze, J J Brown, R Fraser, J J Morton, A F Lever, J I Robertson
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The effect of incremental infusions of isoleucine-5-angiotensin II on blood pressure and plasma aldosterone concentrations was studied in normal man before and after 66 hours of intravenous infusion of angiotensin II at 2 ng kg-1 min-1, sodium and potassium balance being kept roughly constant throughout. Plasma sodium and ACTH concentrations were unaltered, but plasma potassium and magnesium levels and basal plasma cortisol fell slightly after prolonged angiotensin administration. During the prolonged angiotensin infusion plasma renin activity was suppressed, and there was a sustained elevation of arterial pressure and plasma aldosterone concentration. Aldosterone excretion, while clearly increased, showed a regular circadian rhythm, with peak values in the early morning. The angiotensin II-pressor relationship was not significantly changed after the prolonged infusion of angiotensin II, while the angiotensin II-aldosterone dose-response curve was steeper than in the basal state but not identical with that of sodium depletion. No differences were observed in the pressor or aldosterone-stimulant effects of the isoleucine-5 and valine-5 forms of angiotensin II. A trophic effect of angiotensin II on the adrenal cortex may provide a partial explanation for the enhanced response of aldosterone to angiotensin II in sodium depleted man.
The Southern Surgical Association: The First 100 Years, 1887-1987
Authors: William C. Alford
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Histories of individual organizations, medical or otherwise, do not ordinarily hold great interest for nonmembers. However, when such an organization spans a period of 100 years and has had among its members many of the physicians who formulated our surgical heritage, it may have more definite appeal. The Southern Surgical Association was founded shortly after the end of the Civil War by doctors who believed that Southern surgeons "were doing work as good as being done anywhere and yet they were not being given any opportunity to show it." The organization was known for nearly 30 years as the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association until the name was changed in 1916. A combination of commitment to surgical excellence, exceptional documentation (every paper since the beginning has been published and preserved), and the dedication of a few individuals has resulted in this interesting book. Editor Robert S. Sparkman summarizes the effort
Guide for Adult Immunization, Second Edition
Authors: David S. Fedson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Editorial1 January 1990Guide for Adult Immunization, Second EditionDavid S. Fedson, MDDavid S. Fedson, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-1-1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 1985 the American College of Physicians published the first edition of the Guide for Adult Immunization (1). The decision to publish the Guide reflected recent licensure of several vaccines targeted primarily for adults rather than children. It also marked a growing awareness of the shortcomings of physician efforts to adequately vaccinate their adult patients. During the next 4 years, 94 000 copies of the Guide were distributed to physicians, medical residents and students, and health-care institutions throughout the United States, Canada, and many other countries. The Guide is now recognized as a standard reference on adult immunization.Continued progress...References1. . Guide for Adult Immunization. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 1985. Google Scholar2. . Guide for Adult Immunization. Second edition. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 1990. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville, Virginia Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1990Volume 112, Issue 1Page: 1-2KeywordsChildrenVaccines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Role for mTOR Signaling and Neuronal Activity in Morphine-Induced Adaptations in Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Neurons
Authors: Michelle S. Mazei-Robison, Ja Wook Koo, Allyson K. Friedman, Carien S. Lansink, Alfred J. Robison, Monika Vinish, Vaishnav Krishnan, Seyun Kim, Michael A. Siuta, Aurelio Galli, Kevin D. Niswender, Raghu Appasani, Monika C. Horvath, Rachel L. Neve, Paul F. Worley, Solomon H. Snyder, Yasmin L. Hurd, Joseph F. Cheer, Ming-Hu Han, Scott J. Russo, Eric J. Nestler
Journal: Neuron (2011)
Detection of basement membrane zone antigens and C3 fragments in the blister fluid of bullous pemphigoid
Authors: I. LOHRISCH, K. HERRMANN, U. -F. HAUSTEIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

In polyacrylamide gel gradient electrophoresis, serum and blister fluid of patients with bullous pemphigoid showed a nearly identical protein distribution pattern except for one more concentrated fraction in the blister fluid. This fraction could be isolated by several gel chromatographic steps and then be characterized as a protein with a molecular weight of 240,000 (BFP 240,000) consisting of several subunits. Two of these subunits could be identified as C3 fragments and two other ones as basement membrane zone antigens (BMZ-Ag) by means of a modified Laurell technique. The molecular weight of the BFP 240,000 may be small enough to allow it to penetrate through the vessel wall into the blood circulation where, with the BMZ-antibodies (BMZ-Ag-BMZ-Ab-complexes can be formed. The occurrence of such immune complexes in the serum has been shown in a previous paper.
Detecting and Treating Retinopathy in Patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jonathan C. Javitt, Joseph K. Canner, Richard G. Frank, Donald M. Steinwachs, Alfred Sommer
Journal: Ophthalmology (1990)

<h2>Abstract</h2> Diabetic retinopathy is the major cause of new cases of blindness among working-age Americans. The authors analyzed the medical and economic implications of alternative screening strategies for detecting retinopathy in a diabetic population. The approaches compared included dilated fundus examination at 6-,12-, and 24-month intervals with and without fundus photography. Potential savings from screening and treatment are based on amounts paid by the federal government for blindness-related disability. Screening for and treating retinopathy in patients with type I diabetes mellitus was cost-effective using all screening strategies. Between 71,474 and 85,315 person years of sight and 76,886 and 94,705 person years of reading vision can be saved for each annual cohort of patients with type I diabetes mellitus when proper laser photocoagulation is administered. This results in a cost savings of $62.1 to $108.6 million. Annual examination of all diabetic patients and semi-annual examination of those with retinopathy was more effective than annual examination with fundus photography. This screening strategy is consistent with the Preferred Practice Pattern for Diabetic Retinopathy of the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
Managed Competition and the Patient-Physician Relationship
Authors: E J Emanuel, A S Brett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Managed competition has stormed into Washington. It has been widely endorsed by the lay press and powerful groups, and it forms the core of President Clinton's health reform proposal16. Managed competition was designed to address the problems of cost and access, with a strong emphasis on creating efficient systems of health care delivery. Consequently, recent critiques of managed competition have focused on whether it will control costs and whether it can be implemented in nonmetropolitan regions of the United States710. There has been little discussion of how managed competition might affect the patient-physician relationship. However, the . . .
London hospital orders inquiry into paediatric heart surgery deaths
Authors: H. Bower
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Anonymous allegations of abnormally high child death rates have prompted an independent inquiry into standards of surgery at one of Britain's leading cardiac hospitals.

The investigation, which came to light earlier this week, was set up by the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust last month after an unsigned letter containing death rate statistics was sent to Brian Langstaff, QC, the lead solicitor in the inquiry into child deaths at the Bristol Royal Infirmary. The Royal College of …
Celecoxib Indicated for FAP
Authors: Jane E. Henney
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What about embodiment?
Authors: David Spurrett
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

I present reasons for adding an embodiment criterion to the list defended by Anderson &amp; Lebiere (A&amp;L). I also entertain a likely objection contending that embodiment is merely a type of dynamic behavior and is therefore covered by the target article. In either case, it turns out that neither connectionism nor ACT-R do particularly well when it comes to embodiment.
Prophylaxis for Deep-Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Catherine E. Emory
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> With regard to the article entitled "A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Prophylaxis Against Deep-Vein Thrombosis in Major Orthopedic Surgery" by Oster et al,<sup>1</sup>a few comments are offered. The cost-effectiveness of 5000IU of heparin sodium and 0.5 mg of dihydroergotamine mesylate (HDHE) was based on its administration twice daily for seven days. The authors estimated the likelihood of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) from four studies<sup>2-5</sup>in which HDHE was compared with low-dose heparin prophylaxis in patients undergoing orthopedic hip surgery (total number, 199). Three of the four studies<sup>2-4</sup>used HDHE<i>every eight</i>hours and<i>not</i>twice daily. One of the studies<sup>2</sup>was a continuance of another<sup>3</sup>and shared 25 patients. Thus, the estimated DVT incidence was not based on four distinct patient populations. Furthermore, three of the four studies<sup>2,3,5</sup>continued prophylaxis for at least ten days and the other<sup>4</sup>for 15 days.
Hospital admissions for accidents in preschool children.
Authors: P Bingham
Journal: BMJ (1991)

which need less information to clear invoices and build up summarised event based records to help with the measurement of health needs).This latter function also calls for collaboration with local authorities and other organisations working with spatially oriented (mapping) information systems.Lastly, the authors admit that the application of the ICL system is in fact a child of the '60s, when mainframe processing dominated the scene.The DEC systems written in MUMPS represent an attempt to distribute processing to minicomputers based within district health authorities.Now the technology on offer has gone further, and distributed databases, communications networks, and personal computers are leading to completely decentralised systems that support the service provider directly.Let us therefore not be side- tracked into thinking that yesterday's solution offers anything for tomorrow's problems.
Effect of prolonged feeding with chenodeoxycholic acid on bile in patients with and without gallstones.
Authors: M C Bateson, P E Ross, J Murison, I A Bouchier
Journal: Gut (1977)

Nineteen patients who received chenodeoxycholic acid 750 mg/day for six months had duodenal bile aspirated before and after treatment. In five patients with hypertriglyceridaemia but no gallstones cholesterol saturation was reversed in every case, the mean cholesterol saturation index (SI +/- standard deviation) changing from 1-38 +/- 0-31 to 0-68 +/- 0-06 (P less than 0-005). In 14 patients with gallstones there was also an improvement in bile cholesterol content, but this was not sufficient to produce mean unsaturation, saturation index changing from 1-55 +/- 0-52 to 1-13 +/- 0-43 (P less than 0-05). Only seven of 14 patients with gallstone achieved cholesterol unsaturation. In four patients with hypertriglyceridaemia and gallstones, mean unsaturation was produced and the saturation index changed from 1-70 +/- 0-45 to 0-86 +/- 0-47 (P less than 0-05). When all nine patients with hypertriglyceridaemia were grouped, the mean saturation index fell from 1-52 +/- 0-40 to 0-76 +/- 0-30 after therapy (P less than 0-001). In contrast the 10 patients without hypertriglyceridaemia showed no significant fall in saturation index which was 1-50 +/- 0-54 before and 1-24 +/- 0-40 after therapy. The ability of chenodeoxycholic acid feeding to improve bile saturation with cholesterol correlated with the presence of hypertriglyceridaemia whether or not gallstones were present. It did not correlate with gallstone dissolution or body weight.
Abstract 3667: Inactivating BRAF mutations confer dasatinib sensitivity in lung cancer
Authors: Banibrata Sen, Shaohua Peng, Ximing Tang, Heidi Erickson, Hector Galindo, Tuhina Mazumdar, David J. Stewart, Ignacio Wistuba, Faye M. Johnson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract NSCLC is a lethal disease for which personalized therapies that target specific genetic aberrations have been markedly effective in subsets of patients. An important approach for discovering effective cancer therapeutic targets is to characterize responsive tumors. We conducted a phase II trial of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib in stage IV NSCLC. The dramatic response of one patient, who remains cancer free four years later, led us to examine the molecular characteristics of his tumor. We performed a comprehensive analysis of this NSCLC patient's tumor including mutational analysis of 40 genes, array comparative genomic hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. We discovered a novel, inactivating BRAF mutation (Y472CBRAF) in the patient's tumor; no inactivating BRAF mutations were found in the non-responding patients. Cells transfected with Y472CBRAF exhibited CRAF, MEK, and ERK activation, which were identical to signaling changes that occur with previously known inactivating BRAF mutants. Dasatinib induced senescence in NSCLC cells with endogenous inactivating BRAF mutations. Transfection of cells with inactivating BRAF mutations led to increased dasatinib sensitivity; conversely, cells transfected with an activating BRAF mutation were more resistant. Likewise, BRAF inhibition in NSCLC cells expressing wild-type BRAF enhanced dasatinib sensitivity. Dasatinib sensitivity may depend upon CRAF since dasatinib led to decreased CRAF activity and only NSCLC cells with inactivating BRAF mutations were sensitive to CRAF inhibition. We hypothesize that patient's BRAF mutation was likely responsible for his marked response to dasatinib and suggests that tumors bearing inactive BRAF mutations will be exquisitely sensitive to dasatinib. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3667. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3667
An interleukin 12 p40-IgG2b fusion protein abrogates T cell mediated inflammation: anti-inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease and experimental colitis in vivo
Authors: A Stallmach, T Marth, B Weiss, B M Wittig, A Hombach, C Schmidt, M Neurath, M Zeitz, S Zeuzem, H Abken
Journal: Gut (2004)

<b>Background and aims:</b> Interleukin-12 (IL-12), a p35/p40 heterodimer, plays a pivotal role in the immune response in Crohn’s disease (CD). Since IL-12 p40 dimers act as IL-12 antagonists, we assayed p40 dimer proteins to modulate chronic intestinal inflammation. <b>Methods:</b> We generated a fusion protein consisting of the IL-12(p40) subunit fused to the constant region of IgG2b. IL-12(p40)-IgG2b was tested in a murine 2,4,6,-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) colitis model and in lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMNC) from patients with CD in vitro. <b>Results:</b> Dimeric IL-12(p40)-IgG2b fusion protein bound specifically to the IL-12 receptor. In concentrations &lt;10<sup>−7</sup> M, it acted as an IL-12 antagonist as it inhibited interferon γ (IFN-γ) secretion, suppressed proliferation, and increased apoptosis of LPMNC from patients with CD. However, in concentrations &gt;10<sup>−6</sup> M, IL-12(p40)-IgG2b increased IFN-γ secretion and lymphocyte proliferation thereby acting as an IL-12 agonist. In TNBS colitic mice, IL-12(p40)-IgG2b decreased mortality (10% <i>v</i> 68%), prevented body weight loss, reduced tumour necrosis factor α, and increased IL-10 secretion. <b>Conclusions:</b> The IL-12(p40)-IgG2b fusion protein has dichotomic properties as a specific IL-12 antagonist and selective repressor of mucosal inflammation at low concentration and as an IL-12 agonist at high concentration.
Rapid alteration in circulating free thyroxine modulates pituitary type II 5' deiodinase and basal thyrotropin secretion in the rat.
Authors: S L Abend, S L Fang, S Alex, L E Braverman, J L Leonard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

TSH secretion is decreased by both T4 and T3. This negative feedback control of TSH secretion has been correlated with an increase in pituitary nuclear T3 content, and it is not clear whether T4 exerts its effect directly on the thyrotroph or after its deiodination to T3. However, levels of the pituitary enzyme catalyzing T4 to T3 conversion, 5'D-II, are decreased in the presence of an increased amount of T4. Thus, it is unclear why the thyrotroph would have a mechanism for modulating the production of T3, if T3 is, in fact, the sole bioactive signal providing negative feedback inhibition. To examine this apparent paradox, we administered EMD 21388, a compound which inhibits the binding of T4 to transthyretin resulting in a rapid increase in circulating free T4 levels, to rats pretreated with radiolabeled T4 and T3. We observed increases in pituitary and liver T4 content of greater than 150%, without increases in the respective tissue T3 contents. The EMD 21388-treated rats also exhibited a 25% decrease in pituitary 5'D-II activity (103.8 +/- 15.8 fmol 125I released.mg protein-1.h-1, vs. control, 137.4 +/- 15.9, mean +/- SE), as did rats treated with sodium salicylate, another compound that inhibits T4-TTR binding (100.8 +/- 7.1). TSH levels significantly decreased 2 h after the administration of EMD 21388. These data demonstrate that despite a T4-mediated decrease in pituitary 5'D-II activity, an increase in T4 independently decreases TSH secretion.
Reduction of renin-release by puromycin
Authors: R. D. Bunag, I. H. Page, J. W. McCubbin
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1970)

Journal Article Reduction of renin-release by puromycin Get access Ruben D. Bunag, Ruben D. Bunag From the Research Division, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Irvine H. Page, Irvine H. Page From the Research Division, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James W. McCubbin James W. McCubbin From the Research Division, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 4, Issue 2, April 1970, Pages 213–216, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/4.2.213 Published: 01 April 1970 Article history Accepted: 17 July 1969 Published: 01 April 1970
Advantage of rare HLA supertype in HIV disease progression
Authors: Elizabeth Trachtenberg, Bette Korber, Cristina Sollars, Thomas B Kepler, Peter T Hraber, Elizabeth Hayes, Robert Funkhouser, Michael Fugate, James Theiler, Yen S Hsu, Kevin Kunstman, Samuel Wu, John Phair, Henry Erlich, Steven Wolinsky
Journal: Nature Medicine (2003)
ANTENATAL CLINICS AND PREMATERNITY PRACTICE AT THE EDINBURGH ROYAL MATERNITY HOSPITAL IN THE YEARS 1909-1915
Authors: J. W. Ballantyne
Journal: BMJ (1916)

PREMATERNITY PRACTICE AT EDINBUR-Gf TMEDICALJUAL 275 tissue in the walls of the intestine suggest that tlhouglhts miiay arise in a man's bowels as well as impulses suggesting ideas; indeed, Menenius Agrippa's famous fable of the Belly and the Members may have more foundation in fact tllan the retort of Balaam's ass.
Sparc Analysis in the Phase III MPACT Trial of NAB-Paclitaxel (Nab-P) Plus Gemcitabine (GEM) vs GEM Alone for Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer (PC)
Authors: M. Hidalgo, C. Plaza, P. Illei, C. Brachmann, C. Heise, D. Pierce, A. Romano, X. Wei, F. López-Ríos, D. Von Hoff
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)