tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Apolipoprotein E Alleles and Calcific Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Gian M. Novaro, Ravish Sachar, Gregory L. Pearce, Dennis L. Sprecher, Brian P. Griffin
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Studies on apolipoprotein E (apoE) alleles have reported an increased risk of coronary heart disease in patients with the apoE4 allele. Given the risk factor and histological similarities between coronary and calcific valvular heart disease (aortic stenosis [AS] and mitral annular calcification [MAC]), we postulated that apoE alleles might be associated with the development of these valvular lesions.We evaluated the association between apoE alleles and calcific valvular lesions in 802 patients undergoing transthoracic echocardiography using logistic regression analyses. No difference was noted in genotype distribution (P=0.59) or prevalence of apoE4 between those with or without MAC (30% versus 27%, respectively; P=0.57). Compared with patients without AS, the genotype distribution of patients with AS differed significantly (P=0.03), with increasing prevalences of the apoE 4 allele (27% in those without versus 40% in those with AS; P=0.01). In multivariate analyses adjusting for age, gender, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and coronary artery disease, increasing age and the apoE4 allele were significant independent predictors of AS (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 3.71; P=0.046), whereas the apoE4 allele was not predictive of MAC.These findings support extension of the importance of the apoE4 allele beyond atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease to calcific AS.
COMPLEMENT AS A MEDIATOR OF INFLAMMATION
Authors: Oscar D. Ratnoff, Irwin H. Lepow
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Purified preparations of the esterase derived from the first component of complement (C'1 esterase) increased vascular permeability in guinea pig skin, an effect inhibited by triprolidine, an antihistaminic agent, but not by soy bean trypsin inhibitor. The permeability-increasing and esterolytic properties of C'1 esterase were inhibited in parallel by the serum inhibitor of C'1 esterase, diisopropylphosphofluoridate and extremes of temperature and pH. Moreover, the permeability-increasing and esterolytic properties evolved in parallel when C'1 esterase was generated from its subcomponents. How C'1 esterase induces changes in vascular permeability remains unexplained, although the possibility that its action is mediated through a histamine-like agent is attractive.
Characterization of seven novel mutations of the c-erbA beta gene in unrelated kindreds with generalized thyroid hormone resistance. Evidence for two "hot spot" regions of the ligand binding domain.
Authors: R Parrilla, A J Mixson, J A McPherson, J H McClaskey, B D Weintraub
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Genetic analysis in our laboratory of families with generalized thyroid hormone resistance (GTHR) has demonstrated tight linkage with a locus, c-erbA beta, encoding a nuclear T3 receptor. Three point mutations and two deletions in this locus have previously been reported in affected individuals in unrelated families as potential molecular bases for this disorder. In the present study, we have used direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction-amplified exons of the c-erbA beta gene to rapidly identify novel point mutations from seven previously uncharacterized kindreds with GTHR. Six single base substitutions and one single base insertion were identified and found to be clustered in two regions of exons 9 and 10 in the ligand binding domain of the receptor: in the distal ligand-binding subdomain L2 and across the juncture of the taui and dimerization subdomains. Reduction of T3-binding affinity in each of four mutations tested as well as segregation of all mutations to clinically affected individuals strongly supports the hypothesis that these changes are the cause of GTHR in these kindreds. In view of the diversity of clinical phenotypes manifested, the distinct topographic clustering of the mutations provides an invaluable genetic tool for the molecular dissection of thyroid receptor function.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Induction of Chromosome Instability in Primary Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Hongyi Pan, Fuchun Zhou, Shou-Jiang Gao
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Chromosome instability contributes to the multistep oncogenesis of cancer cells. Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), an angiogenic vascular spindle cancer of endothelial cells, displays stage advancement with lesions at early stage being hyperproliferative, whereas lesions at late stage are clonal or multiclonal and can exhibit a neoplastic nature and chromosome instability. Although infection with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has been associated with the initiation and promotion of KS, the mechanism of KS neoplastic transformation remains unclear. We show that KSHV infection of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells induces abnormal mitotic spindles and centrosome duplication. As a result, KSHV-infected cells manifest chromosome instability, including chromosomal misalignments and laggings, mitotic bridges, and formation of micronuclei and multinucleation. Our results indicate that KSHV infection could predispose cells to malignant transformation through induction of genomic instability and contributes to the development of KS.
Does right ventricular function predict survival in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease?
Authors: A J France, R J Prescott, W Biernacki, A L Muir, W MacNee
Journal: Thorax (1988)

Non-invasive measurements of the right ventricular ejection fraction by radionuclide ventriculography were made in 115 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Survival was assessed over a mean period of 918 days. The right ventricular ejection fraction was reasonably normal in most patients (mean 0.42, range 0.10-0.66) but was lower in those with peripheral oedema, indicating cor pulmonale (mean 0.31 (SD 0.07); p less than 0.0001). Right ventricular ejection fraction was related to survival, but the relationship was weak (p = 0.03) by comparison with the association between the arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions and survival (both p less than 0.0001). It is concluded that, although right ventricular function is predictive of survival in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, it is probably a reflection of severity of disease and does not directly affect the prognosis.
Hospital Teaching Conferences on Home Television
Authors: John F. Stapleton
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Medical educational television commenced in 1947 at Johns Hopkins Hospital<sup>1</sup>and the Cleveland Clinic<sup>2</sup>with close-up demonstrations of surgical operations. Since that beginning, medical educators have adapted television to many different purposes. The medium has been used for lectures, panel discussions, case presentation, magnified demonstrations of surgical, dental, and endoscopic techniques, for psychiatric teaching and therapy, and for many basic science laboratory procedures.<sup>3-7</sup>Physicians and students have viewed televised teaching exercises in hospitals, schools, conventions, and at home in black and white or in color and with one-way or two-way sound communication.<sup>8-16</sup> Many continuing educational programs for practicing physicians have utilized television, transmitting programs by closed circuit to hospitals or by open circuit to homes. This report concerns the latter type of televised education, the transmission of programs directly into the physician's home. It is the purpose of continuing medical education to increase knowledge and thereby
The anemia of chronic renal failure in sheep. Response to erythropoietin-rich plasma in vivo.
Authors: J W Eschbach, J Mladenovic, J F Garcia, P W Wahl, J W Adamson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The hypoproliferative anemia in chronic renal failure has been assumed to be the result of decreased erythropoietin (Ep) production by the damaged kidney and of the shortening of erythrocyte survival. However, many in vitro studies suggest that erythropoietic inhibitors in uremic plasma may contribute to the anemia. To determine the in vivo relevance of uremic inhibitors, increasing amounts of Ep as Ep-rich plasma were infused into six uremic sheep, and their erythropoietic responses were compared with those of nine normal sheep receiving similar amounts of Ep-rich plasma. Three sheep were studied in both normal and uremic states. Ep-rich plasma was obtained from phenylhydrazine- and phlebotomy-induced anemic sheep. Stable uremia was created by subtotal nephrectomy. Erythropoiesis was quantitated by reticulocyte response, ferrokinetics (plasma iron turnover and marrow transit time), and by hemoglobin C synthesis. Ep-rich plasma stimulated erythropoiesis similarly in uremic and normal sheep, regardless of the degree of uremia. Nondialyzed uremic sheep responded as well as dialyzed animals. The anemia was corrected in the uremic dialyzed animals. The anemia was corrected in the uremic sheep after 15-40 daily infusions of Ep-rich plasma, the total dosage depending on the severity of the anemia. Polycythemia was induced when the infusions were continued. Reticulocytes, plasma iron turnover, and erythrocyte mass changes increased as the amount of Ep-rich plasma was increased. These dose-response effects, coupled with the identical erythropoietic response in normal and uremic sheep given the same amount of Ep-rich plasma, imply that there are no physiologically significant erythropoietic inhibitors in uremia.
Selective associations and associative learning: Multiple mechanisms, multiple measures
Authors: Bruce Cuthbert
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Davey presents expectancy bias as an alternative explanation for preparedness effects in conditioning; this commentary mentions some of the problems in interpreting UCS expectancy designs vis-à-vis conditioning. A further complication is that other CS characteristics also influence conditioning: A recent experiment provided support for Rescorla and Wagner's (1972) hypothesis that the amount of conditioning is smaller when the CS and UCS elicit similarly valenced initial affective responses (as with a fear-relevant CS and shock UCS). Finally, different physiological systems measure different aspects of the conditioning process, a further consideration in interpreting the results of selective association studies.
RADIANCE: A Randomized Controlled Study of Ranibizumab in Patients with Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Pathologic Myopia
Authors: Sebastian Wolf, Vilma Jurate Balciuniene, Guna Laganovska, Ugo Menchini, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Tarun Sharma, Tien Y. Wong, Rufino Silva, Stefan Pilz, Margarita Gekkieva
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
BH3-only protein Bim more critical than Puma in tyrosine kinase inhibitor–induced apoptosis of human leukemic cells and transduced hematopoietic progenitors carrying oncogenic FLT3
Authors: Amanda Nordigården, Maria Kraft, Pernilla Eliasson, Verena Labi, Eric W.-F. Lam, Andreas Villunger, Jan-Ingvar Jönsson
Journal: Blood (2008)
Paroxysmal brain stem dysfunction as presenting feature of multiple sclerosis.
Authors: W H Perks, R G Lascelles
Journal: BMJ (1976)

disease it is important to recognise new primary tumours and their possible influence upon survival.The appearance in a single patient of more than one of the malignancies associated with cigarette smoking is further evidence of the hazard of this habit.We wish to thank the Medical Research Council for their continuing support (SD, MIS, and ML) and our colleagues in surgery and pathology in district hospitals in the North-west Thames Region.
Determining the Benefits of the New York City Trans Fat Ban
Authors: Gilbert L. Ross
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters2 February 2010Determining the Benefits of the New York City Trans Fat BanGilbert L. Ross, MDGilbert L. Ross, MDFrom Medical Director, The American Council on Science and Health, New York, NY 10023.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-3-201002020-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Angell and colleagues (1) want to be congratulated for finding that their own regulatory approach has succeeded—according to them. The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene passed a regulation restricting the use of trans fatty acids (TFAs) in chain restaurants, and the authors have discovered that—lo and behold!—this law is being obeyed. But what have they accomplished in terms of public health? That is a difficult question to answer.The amount of TFAs in one's diet is repeatedly referred to as a “recognized risk factor” for heart disease. However, this assessment is based entirely ...References1. Angell SY, Silver LD, Goldstein GP, Johnson CM, Deitcher DR, Frieden TR, et al. Cholesterol control beyond the clinic: New York City's trans fat restriction. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:129-34. [PMID: 19620165] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Gerberding JL. Safer fats for healthier hearts: the case for eliminating dietary artificial trans fat intake [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:137-8. [PMID: 19620167] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gilbert L. Ross, MDAffiliations: From Medical Director, The American Council on Science and Health, New York, NY 10023.Disclosures: The American Council on Science and Health, a nonprofit consumer education organization, accepts no-strings-attached donations from corporations, individuals, and foundations. Food-related companies have contributed well under 2% of the Council's budget. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCholesterol Control Beyond the Clinic: New York City's Trans Fat Restriction Sonia Y. Angell , Lynn Dee Silver , Gail P. Goldstein , Christine M. Johnson , Deborah R. Deitcher , Thomas R. Frieden , and Mary T. Bassett Safer Fats for Healthier Hearts: The Case for Eliminating Dietary Artificial Trans Fat Intake Julie Louise Gerberding Determining the Benefits of the New York City Trans Fat Ban Morton Satin Determining the Benefits of the New York City Trans Fat Ban Sonia Y. Angell , Lynn Dee Silver , and Gail P. Goldstein Metrics 2 February 2010Volume 152, Issue 3Page: 194KeywordsDietFatsFatty acidsFoodLipidsMedical risk factorsObesityPrevention, policy, and public healthPsychiatry and mental healthStatins ePublished: 2 February 2010 Issue Published: 2 February 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cabazitaxel Remains Active in Patients Progressing After Docetaxel Followed by Novel Androgen Receptor Pathway Targeted Therapies
Authors: Nader Al Nakouzi, Sylvestre Le Moulec, Laurence Albigès, Chris Wang, Philippe Beuzeboc, Marine Gross-Goupil, Thibault de La Motte Rouge, Aline Guillot, Dorota Gajda, Christophe Massard, Martin Gleave, Karim Fizazi, Yohann Loriot
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Inhibition of Arterial Thrombosis by Recombinant Annexin V in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Injury Model
Authors: Perumal Thiagarajan, Claude R. Benedict
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The procoagulant effect of anionic phospholipid may play a major role in the development of arterial thrombosis. Methods and Results Annexin V, a calcium-dependent anionic-phospholipid–binding protein, was expressed and isolated from Escherichia coli and its antithrombotic effect examined in a rabbit carotid artery thrombosis model. A partially occlusive thrombus was formed in the left carotid artery by application of electric current to produce an ≈50% occlusion of the lumen. After the current was discontinued, flow ceased completely within 42±12 minutes (n=6) because of continuing platelet/fibrin thrombus formation. When annexin V was given at doses of 2.8 to 16.6 μg · kg −1 · min −1 for a period of 180 minutes, starting at the time the current was stopped, there was a dose-dependent inhibition of thrombus formation. At a dose of 5.6 μg · kg −1 · min −1 , blood flow remained patent throughout the infusion and for an additional 60 minutes after the infusion was stopped. In addition, there was a decrease in thrombus weight (16±7.4 versus 2.0±1.0 g), 125 I-fibrin deposition (≈45% reduction, P &lt;.001), and 111 In-labeled platelet accumulation (≈43% reduction, P &lt;.001). Prior mixing of annexin V with phosphatidylserine micelles abolished the antithrombotic effect of annexin V, whereas mixing with phosphatidylcholine micelles had no effect. The antithrombotic effect of annexin V was not associated with bleeding tendency, as judged by the amount of blood absorbed in a gauze pad placed in a surgical incision extending to the muscle tissue and by the standard template bleeding time. Conclusions These observations support a potentially important role for anionic phospholipid exposure in platelets in arterial thrombosis, and inhibition of this activity could be a novel target for therapy in coronary thrombosis and stroke and after angioplasty.
Surgeons' attitudes to intraoperative death: questionnaire survey
Authors: I. C Smith
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Intraoperative death is a situation any surgeon might encounter. A news item in the BMJ discusses the outcome of an inquiry by Sheriff Albert Sheenan into an incident that involved the death of a patient having elective surgery. The inquiry recommended that a surgeon should not operate for a period of 24 hours after such an event because “the surgeon is … not in the frame of mind to continue to operate that day.”1

After the intraoperative death of a trauma patient at our own hospital, we were advised by a defence association that the surgeons involved should not operate for the next 24 hours. Although we considered this advice surprising, as the patient had sustained injuries likely to be fatal irrespective of any intervention, we duly followed it. A later literature search failed to …
Is Sublingual Immunotherapy Ready for Use in the United States?
Authors: Harold S. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Supernumerary Left Intrathoracic Rib with Right-Sided Aortic Arch
Authors: Frederick L. Whitlark
Journal: JAMA (1962)

SUPERNUMERARY INTRATIIORACIC RIB was first reported by Jacobs in 1949. Since then, case reports of 3 other instances of this anomaly have appeared in the medical literature. These reports all concerned right-sided anomalous intrathoracic ribs. A left-sided supernumerary rib was first reported in 1957 by Wilk and Hulshoff.  Report of a Case  A 14-year-old girl was referred for roentgen examination of the chest. Aside from a nonproductive cough of 3 weeks' duration, she had been in good health. At physical examination, a soft systolic murmur was heard in the left third and fourth interspaces.  Roentgenograms of the chest in posteroanterior and lateral projection with barium swallow, showed a supernumerary intrathoracic rib arising from the posterior portion of the left fifth rib, and coursing downward in the left posterior thorax about 2 cm. anterior to the posterior ribs (Figure). The barium-filled esophagus was deflected to the left by a right-sided aortic
Effects of Atrial Fibrillation on Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation in the EVEREST II (Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair Study) Randomized Trial
Authors: Howard C. Herrmann, Zachary M. Gertz, Frank E. Silvestry, Susan E. Wiegers, Y. Joseph Woo, James Hermiller, Douglas Segar, David Heimansohn, William Gray, Shunichi Homma, Michael Argenziano, Andrew Wang, James Jollis, Mark B. Lampert, John Alexander, Laura Mauri, Elyse Foster, Donald Glower, Ted Feldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
FIFTY CONSECUTIVE CASES OF PNEUMONIA WITHOUT A DEATH.
Authors: W. J. GALBRAITH
Journal: JAMA (1905)

In reporting the results of my method of treating pneumonia I wish to thank my many colleagues for the interest they have manifested in criticizing my article that appeared inThe Journal, July 9, 1904, and to Drs. W. P. Haney, T. F. Butzow and T. R. McNab, my assistants. I am especially indebted for their untiring efforts to prove or to disprove the value of quinin and iron as I recommended them in pneumonia.  I believe pneumonia to be a septic, febrile disease, characterized, according to our present knowledge, primarily, by a severe lung inflammation and frequently by great cardiac weakness, which often causes death.  The present knowledge of the etiology (excepting exposure to wet, cold and alcohol) and pathology is somewhat limited, and I question the propriety of basing our management on the principles of theory alone. I am inclined to believe that an invasion of a combination
Closed-loop baroreflex control of total peripheral resistance in the cat: identification of gains by aid of a model
Authors: R. BURATTINI, P. BORGDORFF
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

The baroreflex regulation of total peripheral resistance was quantified in closed-loop conditions. To vary arterial pressure cardiac output was reduced by graded inferior caval vein occlusion or by arterial bleeding. In eight lightly anaesthetised cats the static relation between mean arteriovenous pressure gradient and mean flow could be described by a curve that was convex to the pressure axis and had zero intercept. The ratio of the change in resistance to a given change in arterial pressure was taken as resistance gain (GR). The value of this gain was estimated with the aid of a model which predicts pressure from flow when the right parameter value for gain is filled in. It consists of a non-linear negative-feedback control system with control pressure as reference point and with a constant gain. The estimation was carried out with the aid of an automatic identification procedure. GR varied from 0.002 to 0.010 min·ml−1 in different animals under light anaesthesia. With deeper anaesthesia gain decreased by 35 to 50% and became zero with very deep anaesthesia or barodenervation. Assuming that the reflex is a linear system about control pressure and flow we linearised our model and computed the static overall open-loop gain (Go). Within this narrow range Go varied from 0.64 to 2.30 for different cats under light anaesthesia and decreased by the same percentage as GR with deeper anaesthesia.