tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment for Hemophilia: Gene Therapy vs Transplantation
Authors: Christopher H. K. Fung
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drs Lozier and Brinkhous<sup>1</sup>summarized gene therapy approaches that could be used for patients with hemophilia. They discussed in vivo and ex vivo approaches with and without vectors. They stated, "The introduction of the genetic material for factor VIII or factor IX into appropriate target cells is the only foreseeable approach to 'cure' either disorder." Another option that might be considered is transplantation of human yolk sac tissue. Fetal rat yolk sac tissue secretes many of the proteins secreted by fetal rat liver including fibrinogen.<sup>2</sup>Orthotopic transplantation of adult liver in patients with hemophilia P resulted in normal postoperative levels of factor VIII.<sup>3</sup>Most patients with hemophilia would not be candidates for orthotopic liver transplantation because of the associated risks and need for lifelong immunosuppression. Heterotopic transplantation of fetal liver or yolk sac could be alternatives to orthotopic liver transplantation. Since the yolk sac
Sequential and Concomitant Therapy With Four Drugs Is Equally Effective for Eradication of H pylori Infection
Authors: Deng–Chyang Wu, Ping–I. Hsu, Jeng–Yih Wu, Antone R. Opekun, Chao–Hung Kuo, I.–Chen Wu, Sophie S.W. Wang, Angela Chen, Wen–Chun Hung, David Y. Graham
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
PROGRESS IN OTOLOGY.
Authors: T. Melville Hardie
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rates of Opioid Dispensing and Overdose After Introduction of Abuse-Deterrent Extended-Release Oxycodone and Withdrawal of Propoxyphene
Authors: Marc R. Larochelle, Fang Zhang, Dennis Ross-Degnan, J. Frank Wharam
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

In the second half of 2010, abuse-deterrent extended-release oxycodone hydrochloride (OxyContin; Purdue Pharma) was introduced and propoxyphene was withdrawn from the US market.The effect of these pharmaceutical market changes on opioid dispensing and overdose rates is unknown.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between 2 temporally proximate changes in the opioid market and opioid dispensing and overdose rates.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Claims from a large national US health insurer were analyzed, using an interrupted time series study design.Participants included an open cohort of 31.3 million commercially insured members aged 18 to 64 years between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2012, with median follow-up of 20 months (last follow-up, December 31, 2012).EXPOSURES Introduction of abuse-deterrent OxyContin (resistant to crushing or dissolving) on August 9, 2010, and market withdrawal of propoxyphene on November 19, 2010.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Standardized opioid dispensing rates and prescription opioid and heroin overdose rates were the primary outcomes.We used segmented regression to analyze changes in outcomes from 30 quarters before to 8 quarters after the 2 interventions.RESULTS Two years after the opioid market changes, total opioid dispensing decreased by 19% from the expected rate (absolute change, -32.2 mg morphine-equivalent dose per member per quarter [95% CI, -38.1 to -26.3]).By opioid subtype, the absolute change in dispensing by milligrams of morphine-equivalent dose per member per quarter at 2 years was -11.3 (95% CI, -12.4 to -10.1) for extended-release oxycodone, 3.26 (95% CI, 1.40 to 5.12) for other long-acting opioids, -8.19 (95% CI, -9.30 to -7.08) for propoxyphene, and -16.2 (95% CI, -18.8 to -13.5) for other immediate-release opioids.Two years after the market changes, the estimated overdose rate attributed to prescription opioids decreased by 20% (absolute change, -1.10 per 100 000 members per quarter [95% CI, -1.47 to -0.74]), but heroin overdose increased by 23% (absolute change, 0.26 per 100 000 members per quarter [95% CI, -0.01 to 0.53]).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Opioid dispensing and prescription opioid overdoses decreased substantially after 2 major changes in the pharmaceutical market in late 2010.Pharmaceutical market interventions may have value in combatting the prescription opioid overdose epidemic, but heroin overdose rates continue to increase.Complementary strategies to identify and treat opioid abuse and addiction are urgently needed.
Safety of complete and sustained prophylaxis withdrawal in patients liver-transplanted for HBV-related cirrhosis at low risk of HBV recurrence
Authors: Ilaria Lenci, Giuseppe Tisone, Daniele Di Paolo, Fabio Marcuccilli, Laura Tariciotti, Marco Ciotti, Valentina Svicher, Carlo Federico Perno, Mario Angelico
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Hopes rise for patients with drug resistant HIV
Authors: A. Vass
Journal: BMJ (2002)

New treatments may soon be available for patients with HIV which has become resistant to existing treatments.

The results are from completed phase III trials of a new category of anti-HIV drug called “fusion inhibitors.” The results show that twice as many patients using the first fusion inhibitor, T-20, in combination with antiretroviral drugs, achieved reductions in their viral load to below detectable levels, compared with patients taking antiretroviral drugs alone.

Significant improvements in immune cell (CD4) counts …
Leone et al. Systematic review of the evidence regarding potential complications of inhaled corticosteroid use in asthma: Collaboration of American College of Chest Physicians, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, and American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. Chest 2003;124:2329-40
Authors: Burton Zweiman, Marc E Rotherberg
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
ALLERGIC INSULIN REACTIONS REPORT OF A CASE EXHIBITING SEVERE GASTROINTESTINAL ALLERGIC REACTIONS FOLLOWING INJECTIONS OF INSULIN
Authors: JOHN R. WILLIAMS
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Reactions are commonly observed in diabetic patients to whom insulin is administered. Their exact cause is in dispute. In the vast majority of instances, however, they are associated with a low blood sugar. The symptoms usually noted are hunger, extreme nervousness, sometimes palpitation and rapid heart action, and occasionally bradycardia. If the phenomena occur when the patient is asleep, he may have nightmare in which he will moan or scream. When they are sufficiently violent, he may become comatose or have convulsions. Death may follow. Reactions of this kind are usually caused by the excessive hormone action of insulin and are easily corrected by the ingestion of readily assimilated food or by the administration of dextrose. A second type of reaction is observed which is allergic in character. Insulin is a protein-bearing compound in which the protein fraction is reduced to a minimum. The pig and the beef pancreas have
John Henry Friend
Authors: Keith Prowse
Journal: BMJ (2004)

An icon in the treatment of Lassa feverIn early 2000 Dr Bill Aldis, then the World Health Organization's representative in Sierra Leone, remembers getting a worried call from Geneva: "I've got an ICRC [International Committee of the Red Cross] staff member with suspected Lassa fever just evacuated from Kenema [in Sierra Leone].What do I do?" Dr Aldis replied, "The best thing you could do is put him on an airplane and get him back to Kenema-there's a hospital there with the world's greatest expert in Lassa fever, a guy named Conteh . .."Such was the reputation of Aniru Conteh, who ran the world's only Lassa fever isolation ward.Born in 1942 in Jawi Folu, Eastern Province, Sierra Leone, Aniru Conteh was the son of the local chief.At the age of 16 he left home to go to school in the country's capital, Freetown, where he went on to study chemistry and biology at Fourah Bay College.Initially he worked as a teacher, but in 1974 he enrolled as a medical student at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria, where he continued to work after qualifying, until he returned to Sierra Leone in 1979 and started working on the Lassa fever programme.Lassa fever takes its name from a small village in Nigeria, where a mysterious outbreak in a mission hospital in 1969 led to the three mission nurses becoming infected.Two of the nurses died, but the third survived and was evacuated to the Colombia Presbyterian Hospital in New York.Wilbur
DIETARY EFFECTS ON ANEMIA PLUS HYPOPROTEINEMIA IN DOGS
Authors: F. S. Robscheit-Robbins, G. H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

Doubly depleted dogs (anemic and hypoproteinemic) respond favorably to all the diet proteins used in the above experiments. Egg products (whole egg, albumin, or egg yolk) are well utilized by these dogs. Egg proteins favor the production of plasma protein and in some experiments the output of plasma protein is actually more than the output of hemoglobin. In contrast fresh beef muscle favors hemoglobin production-the output being 3 or 4 times that of plasma protein. The processed egg albumin fed in Table 4 was not well utilized and there was weight loss. Beef muscle (fresh or processed) gives a total blood protein output about twice that with egg feeding and there is a striking preponderance of hemoglobin output. Beef heart and salmon muscle show a pattern much like beef muscle. The total blood protein output is below that due to beef muscle.
Parents of Battered Babies: A Controlled Study
Authors: S. M. Smith, R. Hanson, S. Noble
Journal: BMJ (1973)

A controlled investigation of 214 parents of battered babies shows that they were young and predominantly of lower social class. Premature parenthood is an associated feature. Among the mothers 76% had an abnormal personality and 48% were neurotic. Nearly half were of borderline or subnormal intelligence; 11% had a criminal record. Of the fathers 64% had an abnormal personality, more than half being psychopaths. Twenty-nine per cent. had a criminal record. Recidivism is an associated feature.The risk of battering possibly diminishes with time. The teaching of appropriate child-rearing skills, symptomatic relief, and social relearning are suggested as realistically based treatment methods and should be combined with a care order. When response to treatment appears unlikely permanent removal from parental care should be considered.
The Sexual Addiction
Authors: Domeena C. Renshaw
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This self-help book gives a plausible description of the obsessive preoccupation experienced by those persons who are compulsively and uncontrollably driven to use repetitive, destructive  behaviors in the same way that addicts use moodaltering chemicals. The sexual  then becomes central and more important than family, friends, work, or religion. A  addict has a faulty belief system with denial, excuses, and circular reasoning to justify the desired/driven  behaviors.  The   (as in obesity, smoking, gambling, and substance abuse) is described as a cycle showing preoccupation, ritualization, compulsive  behavior, then despair, alienation, and self-pity. This sets up an unending struggle to manage both the normal and addictive aspects of life, with one or more family members becoming coaddicts by similar denial, justification, and cover-up of the known  problem.  Levels of  addiction are outlined. Level 1 consists of victimless but compulsive  behaviors, eg, masturbation
A COMPARISON OF THE GROWTH CURVES OF ADAPTED AND UNADAPTED LINES OF INFLUENZA VIRUS
Authors: Fred M. Davenport, Thomas Francis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1951)

A comparison of the growth curves of adapted and unadapted lines of the same strain of Type A or Type B influenza virus in mice has demonstrated that the unadapted lines of virus exhibit a lag phase of growth lasting approximately 12 hours during which little or no multiplication of virus can be demonstrated. Multiplication by the adapted line begins earlier and may be evident as soon as 6 hours after inoculation. Following the lag phase, the rates of multiplication of both lines of virus were indistinguishable when dilute inocula were used. The maximal infectious titer of the unadapted line was lower than that of the adapted line of the same strain and this disparity was increased following inoculation with large doses of virus. The shape and slope of the growth curves of influenza virus in mice were shown to be determined by the line, strain, and concentration of virus used for inoculation. The significance of these findings has been discussed.
Congress on Biomedical Peer Review
Authors: Drummond Rennie, Annette Flanagin
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
p53-insensitive PUMA down-regulation is essential in the early phase of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice
Authors: Song Chen, Jianming Zheng, Qiang Hao, Shengsheng Yang, Jiaqi Wang, Huan Chen, Lizao Chen, Ying Zhou, Chaoqin Yu, Binghua Jiao, Zailong Cai
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
DETERMINATION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION FROM GATED SPECT THALLIUM IHAGING
Authors: T. D. Payne, J. J. Pippin, C. J. Branstatter, H. A. Brodie, S. M. Devera, S. J. Durham
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Payne, T. D.; Pippin, J. J.; Branstatter, C. J.; Brodie, H. A.; Devera, S. M.; Durham, S. J. Author Information
Randomized Trial of Pulmonary Valve Replacement With and Without Right Ventricular Remodeling Surgery
Authors: Tal Geva, Kimberlee Gauvreau, Andrew J. Powell, Frank Cecchin, Jonathan Rhodes, Judith Geva, Pedro del Nido
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Although pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) is effective in reducing right ventricular (RV) volume overload in patients with chronic pulmonary regurgitation, persistent RV dysfunction and subsequent adverse clinical outcomes have been reported. This trial was conducted to investigate whether the addition of surgical RV remodeling with exclusion of scar tissue to PVR would result in improved RV function and laboratory and clinical parameters, as compared with PVR alone.Between February 2004 and October 2008, 64 patients who underwent RV outflow tract procedures in early childhood had more than or equal to moderate pulmonary regurgitation, and fulfilled defined criteria for PVR were randomly assigned to undergo either PVR alone (n=34) or PVR with surgical RV remodeling (n=30). No significant difference was observed in the primary outcome (change in RV ejection fraction, -2±7% in the PVR alone group and -1±7% in the PVR with RV remodeling group; P=0.38) or in any of the secondary outcomes at 6-month postoperative follow-up. Multivariable analysis of the entire cohort identified preoperative RV end-systolic volume index <90 mL/m(2) and QRS duration <140 ms to be associated with optimal postoperative outcome (normal RV size and function), and RV ejection fraction <45% and QRS duration ≥160 ms to be associated with suboptimal postoperative outcome (RV dilatation and dysfunction).The addition of surgical remodeling of the RV to PVR in patients with chronic pulmonary regurgitation did not result in a measurable early benefit. Referral to PVR based on QRS duration, RV end-systolic volume, or RV ejection fraction may be beneficial. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00112320.
Immunotherapy with a Ragweed–Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonist Vaccine for Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Peter S. Creticos, John T. Schroeder, Robert G. Hamilton, Susan L. Balcer-Whaley, Arouna P. Khattignavong, Robert Lindblad, Henry Li, Robert Coffman, Vicki Seyfert, Joseph J. Eiden, David Broide
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Conjugating immunostimulatory sequences of DNA to specific allergens offers a new approach to allergen immunotherapy that reduces acute allergic responses.We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial of a vaccine consisting of Amb a 1, a ragweed-pollen antigen, conjugated to a phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotide immunostimulatory sequence of DNA (AIC) in 25 adults who were allergic to ragweed. Patients received six weekly injections of the AIC or placebo vaccine before the first ragweed season and were monitored during the next two ragweed seasons.There was no pattern of vaccine-associated systemic reactions or clinically significant laboratory abnormalities. AIC did not alter the primary end point, the vascular permeability response (measured by the albumin level in nasal-lavage fluid) to nasal provocation. During the first ragweed season, the AIC group had better peak-season rhinitis scores on the visual-analogue scale (P=0.006), peak-season daily nasal symptom diary scores (P=0.02), and midseason overall quality-of-life scores (P=0.05) than the placebo group. AIC induced a transient increase in Amb a 1-specific IgG antibody but suppressed the seasonal increase in Amb a 1-specific IgE antibody. A reduction in the number of interleukin-4-positive basophils in AIC-treated patients correlated with lower rhinitis visual-analogue scores (r=0.49, P=0.03). Clinical benefits of AIC were again observed in the subsequent ragweed season, with improvements over placebo in peak-season rhinitis visual-analogue scores (P=0.02) and peak-season daily nasal symptom diary scores (P=0.02). The seasonal specific IgE antibody response was again suppressed, with no significant change in IgE antibody titer during the ragweed season (P=0.19).In this pilot study, a 6-week regimen of the AIC vaccine appeared to offer long-term clinical efficacy in the treatment of ragweed allergic rhinitis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00346086 [ClinicalTrials.gov] .).
Medicare Payment Policy Needs Corrections
Authors: Robert T. Matsui
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Congress has recently been confronted with the need to examine carefully the progress toward full implementation of the prospective payment system (PPS) for hospital services under the Medicare program. This review has been undertaken in the context of federal budget deficits that are rising very rapidly. With Medicare expenditures making up such a significant portion of the federal budget, it is difficult to separate the need for federal spending reductions from an objective evaluation of this new Medicare payment policy. Yet, I believe strongly that there are very compelling reasons for us to pause and take stock of what we have accomplished with the PPS and to determine what, if any, refinements are necessary before full implementation of this system. During the recent deliberations of the Ways and Means Committee, my proposal to extend the scheduled transition period in the PPS for one year was adopted. A bipartisan majority of
Spiral Computed Tomography
Authors: Roberto Corti, Claudio Ferrari, Marzio Roberti, Mario Alerci, Pier Luigi Pedrazzi, Augusto Gallino
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —For the detection of atherosclerotic lesions of the extracranial cerebral arteries, duplex ultrasonography (US) is an established operator-dependent method, whereas arteriography is associated with the not-insignificant risk of embolic complications. Spiral CT is a promising novel diagnostic tool that allows noninvasive, operator-independent diagnosis of obstruction of extracranial cerebral arteries. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate in a clinical setting the complementary role of duplex US and spiral CT. Methods and Results —We compared the results obtained independently by spiral CT and duplex US in 59 consecutive patients with clinical suspicion of an obstructive lesion affecting the carotid arteries. We analyzed a total of 354 segments from the extracranial carotid arteries, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. A total of 4 complete occlusions, 38 severe stenoses (70% to 99%), and 32 moderate stenoses (30% to 69%) were concordantly identified by means of duplex US and spiral CT. In 5 cases in which duplex US did not allow sufficient evaluation of the carotid artery because of a poor US window or severe calcification, spiral CT allowed identification and correct measurement of the stenotic lesion. The comparison of the percentage of stenosis with both methods was good ( r =0.91, P =0.024). Conclusions —Our results indicate that spiral CT of the extracranial cerebral arteries is a promising noninvasive complementary and non–operator-dependent examination. Its application is particularly attractive in cases in which duplex US is not reliable (ie, severe kinking, severe calcification, short neck, and high bifurcation) and particularly when an overall view of the vascular field is required.
Anaesthesiologists in battle against nurse anaesthetists in the US
Authors: C. Clabby
Journal: BMJ (1998)

American anaesthesiologists (doctors specialising in anaesthesia) are battling aggressively against a government proposal to permit more nurse anaesthetists to work without doctors' supervision in operating rooms.

The Health Care Financing Administration, which pays the medical bills of millions of Medicare and Medicaid patients, has proposed letting an individual state decide when supervision is necessary. Already, 29 states permit certified registered nurse …