tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Muscle Membrane Repair by Gene Delivery of MG53 Ameliorates Muscular Dystrophy and Heart Failure in δ-Sarcoglycan-deficient Hamsters
Authors: Bo He, Ru-hang Tang, Noah Weisleder, Bin Xiao, Zhenhua Yuan, Chuanxi Cai, Hua Zhu, Peihui Lin, Chunping Qiao, Jianbin Li, Christina Mayer, Juan Li, Jianjie Ma, Xiao Xiao
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are caused by genetic mutations in over 30 different genes, many of which encode for proteins essential for the integrity of muscle cell structure and membrane. Their deficiencies cause the muscle vulnerable to mechanical and biochemical damages, leading to membrane leakage, dystrophic pathology, and eventual loss of muscle cells. Recent studies report that MG53, a muscle-specific TRIM-family protein, plays an essential role in sarcolemmal membrane repair. Here, we show that systemic delivery and muscle-specific overexpression of human MG53 gene by recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors enhanced membrane repair, ameliorated pathology, and improved muscle and heart functions in δ-sarcoglycan (δ-SG)-deficient TO-2 hamsters, an animal model of MD and congestive heart failure. In addition, MG53 overexpression increased dysferlin level and facilitated its trafficking to muscle membrane through participation of caveolin-3. MG53 also protected muscle cells by activating cell survival kinases, such as Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2), and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and inhibiting proapoptotic protein Bax. Our results suggest that enhancing the muscle membrane repair machinery could be a novel therapeutic approach for MD and cardiomyopathy, as demonstrated here in the limb girdle MD (LGMD) 2F model.
Hemodynamics during liver transplantation: The interactions between cardiac output and portal venous and hepatic arterial flows
Authors: J. Michael Henderson, G. Thomas Gilmore, Gregory J. Mackay, John R. Galloway, Thomas F. Dodson, Michael H. Kutner
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Liver blood flow and systemic hemodynamics were measured intraoperatively in 34 patients after liver transplantation. Ultrasound transit-time flow probes measured hepatic arterial and portal venous flow over 10 to 75 min 1 to 3 hr after reperfusion. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution. Mean cardiac output was 9.5 +/- 2.8 L/min; the mean total liver blood flow of 2,091 +/- 932 ml/min was 23% +/- 11% of cardiac output. Mean portal flow of 1,808 +/- 929 ml/min was disproportionately high at 85% +/- 10% of total liver blood flow. Correlation analysis showed a significant (p less than 0.01; r = 0.42) correlation between cardiac output and portal venous flow and a trend toward negative correlation (p = 0.087) between cardiac output and hepatic arterial flow. These data show that increased flow in the newly transplanted liver is predominantly portal venous flow and is associated with high cardiac output and reduced hepatic arterial flow. In the last 13 patients studied, portal flow was reduced by 50% and the hepatic artery response was measured. We saw a significant (p less than 0.05) increase in hepatic artery flow from 322 +/- 228 to 419 +/- 271 ml/min, indicating an intact hepatic arterial buffer response. The hepatic artery response also showed that it is a reversible rather than a fixed resistance that contributes to the low hepatic artery flow in these patients.
Production of IFN-$alpha; by human and murine mast cells induced by double-stranded RNA*1Evidence for activation through toll-like receptor-3 (TLR-3)
Authors: M. Kulka, B. Kelsall, H. Rosenberg, L. Alexopoulou, R. Flavell, D. Metcalfe
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Sickle Cell Screening Perspectives
Authors: Anthony J. Giorgio
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent description of an "Automated Mass Screening Program for Sickle Cell Disease," by Nalbandian et al (<b>218</b>:1680, 1971) emphasizes the need to mount an effort to detect and hopefully control sickle cell disease. Inasmuch as one of the major thrusts in conducting such screening programs is to offer genetic counseling, methods should be employed which not only detect S hemoglobin but also the second most common abnormal hemoglobin prevalent in black Americans, hemoglobin C. The dithionite solubility test, automated or otherwise, does not do this.<sup>1</sup>The relatively high prevalence of hemoglobin C trait (1.5% to 2.6%)<sup>2</sup>indicates that about one in 50 black marital partners will be overlooked as potential transmitters of clinically significant hemoglobinopathies associated with C hemoglobin, eg, S-C or C-C disease. Although of secondary importance when weighed against the humane aspects, consideration of the medicallegal "entanglements" of erroneously counseling an
ON THE IMMEDIATE TREATMENT OF SEVERE POST-PARTUM HAEMORRHAGE
Authors: R. K. Howat
Journal: BMJ (1916)

THE term "'post-p)artnm haemorrhage " is one which, in its accepted clinical significance, is incapable of exact definition.Its meaning is conventional, and may be described witlh fair accuracy as an abnormally severe haemorrhage from the parturient canal occurring within twenty-four lours after the birth of the child.The source assigned indicates the idea of the purely obstetric nature cf the lhaemorrhage.The time limit lhas been arbitrarily fixed for convenience.The measture of quantity is unavoidably vague.Practically, it is tile opinion of the medical attendant in thle particular case that tlle haemorrhage is sufficiently severe to call for measures for its arrest, and to merit the term "poost-p)artum lhaemorrliage."Cases of post-partum liaemorrhage are usually classified in three groups according to their causes, which in turn indicate tlle appropriate lines of treatment:1. Laceration of the parturient canal 2. Retention of the placenlta (partial or complete) within the uterus. 3. Inadequate shrinkage of the uterus.Obviously any two or all three of these conditions may coexist.In all of these cases, as indeed in all cases of lhaemorrliage in whatever situation, treatment has three successive objects, namnely;1.The immediate arrest of the haemorrhage.2. The immediately succeeding maintenance of this arrest.3. The permanent closure of the bleeding vessels.
Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Red Cell Volume Reduction in Polycythemia of Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: AMNON ROSENTHAL, DAVID G. NATHAN, ALAN T. MARTY, LAWRENCE N. BUTTON, OLLI S. MIETTINEN, ALEXANDER S. NADAS
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Acute reduction in red cell volume (RCV) without significant alterations of blood volume in 22 patients with severe polycythemia secondary to cyanotic congenital heart disease resulted in a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and an increase in stroke volume, systemic blood flow (SBF), and systemic oxygen transport. These changes are probably related to the decreased blood viscosity and yield shear stress associated with lower red cell concentrations. Hypervolemia in hypoxic polycythemia should be maintained in order to sustain an adequate SBF. In contrast to acute phlebotomy which may be expected to decrease blood oxygen content and SBF, the replacement of whole blood with plasma or 5% albumin is shown to result in an increased systemic blood flow and oxygen delivery.
Countries contribute more to tackling HIV/AIDS than they get in aid, figures show
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A report from UNAIDS makes clear the extent to which some countries have taken on the responsibilities of their HIV epidemic while others remain dependent upon financial support from the US and Europe. It was released in Washington, DC just days before the 22 July start of the XIX International AIDS Conference.1

“We are tipping the dependency balance,” said UNAIDS executive director Michel Sidibe. Internal expenditures in the fight against HIV “now exceed international investments for the first time,” he said. …
Transmural activations and stimulus potentials in three-dimensional anisotropic canine myocardium.
Authors: D W Frazier, W Krassowska, P S Chen, P D Wolf, N D Danieley, W M Smith, R E Ideker
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Epicardial and endocardial pacing are widely used, yet little is known about the three-dimensional distribution of potentials generated by the pacing stimulus or the spread of activation from these pacing sites. In six open-chest dogs, simultaneous recordings were made from 120 transmural electrodes in 40 plunge electrodes within a 35 X 20 X 5-mm portion of the right ventricular outflow tract during epicardial and endocardial pacing at a strength of twice diastolic threshold and at 1 mA. The magnitude of extracellular potentials generated by the stimulus and the activation times were compared in regions proximal (less than 10-12 mm) and distal to the pacing site. Local fiber orientation was histologically determined at each recording electrode. For endocardial pacing, endocardial potentials were larger than epicardial potentials only in the proximal region (p less than 0.001); while in the distal region, epicardial potentials were larger (p less than 0.001), and endocardial activation occurred earlier than epicardial activation for both regions (p less than 0.001). For epicardial pacing, epicardial potentials were larger than endocardial potentials in both regions (p less than 0.001), and epicardial activation occurred earlier only in the proximal region (p less than 0.02), while endocardial activation occurred before epicardial activation in the distal region (p less than 0.01). In planes of recording electrodes parallel to the epicardium and endocardium, the initial isochrones were elliptical with the major axes of the ellipses along the mean fiber orientation between the pacing site and recording plane rather than along the local fiber orientation in the recording plane. Thus, the ellipses in each plane rotated with respect to each other so that in three dimensions the activation front was helicoid, yet the twist of the helix was less than that of the corresponding transmural rotation of fibers. For pacing from the right ventricular outflow tract, we conclude that beyond 10-12 mm from endocardial and epicardial pacing sites epicardial stimulus potentials in both cases are larger than endocardial potentials because of resistivity differences inside and outside the heart wall and activation in both cases is primarily endocardial to epicardial because of rapid endocardial conduction, and we conclude that the initial spread of activation is helicoid and determined by transmural fiber direction.
Scientists protest about Quebec's "hypocrisy" over export of asbestos
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2010)

More than 100 scientists from 28 countries have supported a letter calling on Quebec Premier Jean Charest to listen to international health scientists, including those from his own country, and stop asbestos exports.

They suggest that the Quebec government is practising a double standard because it is “spending millions of dollars to remove chrysotile asbestos and other forms of asbestos from Quebec’s schools, hospitals, and buildings, while at the same time exporting it to developing countries and telling them it is safe.” The practice, which “seems to represent a high level of hypocrisy,” is “bringing dishonour on Quebec’s …
Outlook for Impaired Physicians With Appropriate Treatment
Authors: Roland E. Herrington
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The results reported by Shore in this issue ofThe Journal(p 3127), like those of others he cites in his article, are generally encouraging and imply an optimistic outlook for the recovery of impaired physicians, particularly those recovering from substance-use disorders. His finding, that 74% of 34 impaired physicians showed improvement on a multivariate criterion of recovery, is indeed a strong and positive indication that a great majority of physicians can resume their medical practice successfully after a period of treatment and with ongoing administrative monitoring and supervision. Moreover, his finding that after more than 3 1/2 years the relapsed physicians were no less likely to be improved than were the nonrelapsers certainly impresses us with the importance of persevering in treatment efforts. Of particular interest is the observation that 79% of the treated physicians had been impaired by substance-use disorders, with an 81.5% improvement rate for that group
Effect of Valyl-oxytocin on the Human Subject
Authors: C. N. Smyth
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Intrauterine-pressure Changes Therapeutic Abortion.-Intrauterine-pressurechanges were recorded in a case of therapeutic abortion at 19 weeks' gestation.No anaesthetic was given, and the injections were made intravenously.A three-point matching assay showed 0.25 unit of syntocinon to be slightly stronger than 0.05 unit of valyl-oxytocin (Fig. 1).
Polyclonal fluctuation of lentiviral vector–transduced and expanded murine hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Tobias Maetzig, Martijn H. Brugman, Stefan Bartels, Niels Heinz, Olga S. Kustikova, Ute Modlich, Zhixiong Li, Melanie Galla, Bernhard Schiedlmeier, Axel Schambach, Christopher Baum
Journal: Blood (2011)
Endoprothèse ou chirurgie dans la prise en charge en urgence des cancers coliques non métastatiques ou avec métastases résécables d'emblée en occlusion
Authors: H Pillant, M Karoui, D Karsenti, F Brunetti, M Levy, I Baumgaertner, C Tresallet, C Tayar, D Cherqui, I Sobhani, JC Delchier, A Charachon
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: La pose d'une prothèse colique pour le traitement de l'occlusion par cancer est une alternative à la chirurgie. Elle constitue un traitement d'attente de la chirurgie curatrice pour les patients non métastatiques ou métastatiques résécables d'emblée. Le but de notre étude était de comparer les résultats des patients traités par prothèse puis chirurgie ou par chirurgie seule.
Research bureaucracy in the United Kingdom: Seeking a balance: response from the Department of Health and COREC
Authors: John Pattison, Terry Stacey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Several articles about research ethics committees in the issue of 31 July have been constructive in advising about the need for change. Others have been less helpful, especially when based on error or misconception.

Nicholson claimed that research ethics committees may be unable to function because of political control.1 There is not, and never has been, a proposal for “direct political control” of research ethics committee membership. The European Directive on Clinical Trials (directive 2001/20/EC) legally obliges all member states, including the United Kingdom, to “take the measures necessary for establishment and operation of ethics committees.” The newly created United Kingdom Ethics Committee Authority simply comprises the four ministers of the countries in the United Kingdom who have until now been separately responsible for their NHS research ethics committee systems. His claim that results of UK research could not now be used for regulatory purposes is simply unfounded.

Ethics committees must be independent of research organisations. This independence relates to their decisions, not their operating processes. Previously some 200 research ethics committees had different processes and forms—a …
ABC of Work Related Disorders: Neck and arm disorders
Authors: M. Hagberg
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Over recent years the use of terms such as repetitive strain injury (RSI) and cumulative trauma disorder have been strongly criticised.Characteristics of non-specific Sometimes the terms have even been used synonymously with disease musculoskeletal pain in neck and terms such as carpal tunnel syndrome (compression of the median shoulder nerve at the wrist) and de Quervain's disease (inflammation of the History tendons to the long thumb abductor and the short thumb extensor at .Pain and stiffness gradually increase during the wrist).Neither carpal tunnel syndrome nor de Quervain's disease is work and are worst at end of working day and week necessarily related to repetitive strain or cumulative trauma.* Pain localised to cervical spine and angle Use of these terms to describe work related musculoskeletal disorders between neck and shoulder has been criticised because they suggest a pathological mechanism that * Usually no radiation of pain is usually not proved.A work related musculoskeletal disorder may be * Symptoms improved by heat and worsened by caused by a single strain or trauma, not necessarily a repetitive or cold draughts Signs cumulative one.Furthermore, both psychological and social factors * Tenderness over neck and shoulder muscles play an important role in the genesis and perpetuation of work related * Reduced range of active movement of cervical musculoskeletal disorders.0 spine (normal passive movement)The World Health Organisation considers the cause of work related * No neurological deficits musculoskeletal diseases to be multifactorial.The work environment Differential diagnosis and the work performed are important but are not the only factors to * Thoracic outlet syndrome and other nerve be considered.The preferred term for conditions that may be entrapments subjectively or objectively influenced or caused by work is work related .Systemic diseases musculoskeletal disorder.This umbrella term neither defines the pathological mechanism nor the diagnostic criteria.
Traitement de l'achalasie avec le dilatateur de Witzel par deux méthodes comparant une pression progressive graduelle à une pression d'emblée maximale
Authors: A Tebaibia, N Oumnia, M Lahcene, N Matougui, M Boudjella, D Boutarene, B Touchene
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: Plusieurs études ont montré que la dilatation pneumatique (DP) pratiquée avec le dilatateur de Witzel est une technique efficace et sûre. Cependant, la pression optimale, la durée du maintien du ballonnet gonflé et le nombre d'insufflations ne sont pas bien définis. But: comparer une méthode utilisant une pression graduelle à une méthode utilisant une pression d'emblée maximale.
Abstract 353: <i>In vivo</i> PET imaging of HER2 expression with GE226: An 18F-labelled affibody molecule
Authors: Susan Hoppmann, Antonios Danikas, Clare Durrant, Peter Iveson, Matthias Glaser, Bård Indrevoll, Duncan Hiscock
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: The assessment of HER2 expression in biopsies from primary lesions of breast cancer patients is a standard procedure to select patients for HER2-targeted therapies. However, in metastatic disease in which HER2 status can change, determination of HER2 expression is not standard procedure, which complicates patient management. Herein we report evidence for GE226 ([18F]FBA-ZHER2:2891), a highly specific HER2 targeted imaging agent that can determine HER2 expression levels in preclinical tumour models. We propose that GE226 can be progressed to clinical development for non-invasive determination of the HER2 status in recurrent breast cancer patients to improve the clinical management and therapy selection. Methods: The highly selective HER2 targeted 18F-labelled Affibody molecule GE226 was characterized in a murine dual tumour breast cancer model bearing NCI-N87 (high HER2 status) and A431 (low HER2 status) xenografts in separate flanks. Tumour-bearing mice were injected with 3 to 10 MBq of GE226, followed by biodistribution or positron emission tomography (PET) imaging analysis. Results: Biodistribution analysis demonstrated good differentiation of GE226 retention between high and low HER2 expressing tumours (8.4% ID/g and 3.4% ID/g respectively, 30 min post injection). GE226 cleared quickly from background tissue, including kidneys, with excellent ratios for tumour-to-muscle (8.9 for high HER2 status tumours and 3.6 for low HER2 status tumours, 30 min post injection) and tumour-to-blood (2.5 for high HER2 status tumours and 1.0 for low HER2 status tumours, 30 min post injection). PET imaging of GE226 in the dual tumour mouse model showed a marked difference in signal intensity between the two tumour types. Conclusions: The highly selective HER2 targeted Affibody molecule GE226 can image different levels of HER2 expression in a dual-tumour preclinical model of breast cancer with good target-to-background ratios. These data compare favourably with previous patient SPECT and PET studies using the 111In- or 68Ga-labelled HER2-binding Affibody molecule ABY-002 (Baum et al., J Nucl Med. 2010;51(6):892-7) which supports the efficacy of this class of Affibody tracer for visualization of HER2 expressing metastases. We plan to progress GE226 further to assess HER2 status in metastatic breast cancer patients in clinical PET studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 353. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-353
"TEACH-IN" ON FACTOES CONTEOLLING THE BLOOD SUPPLY OE THE EPIDEEMIS.*
Authors: H. R. VICKERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1967)

Journal Article “TEACH‐IN” ON FACTOES CONTEOLLING THE BLOOD SUPPLY OE THE EPIDEEMIS. Get access H. R. VICKERS, Dr. H. R. VICKERS, Dr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 79, Issue 1, 1 January 1967, Pages 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1967.tb11391.x Published: 01 January 1967
Effect of Long-Term Treatment with Corticosteroids on Adrenocortical Function : Studies in Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Light of the Response of Plasma-Free and Total 17,21-Dihydroxy-20-Ketosteroids to Intravenous Corticotropin
Authors: F.-E. Krusius, M. Oka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1958)

It is well known that prolonged treatment with corticosteroids interferes with normal adreno- cortical function, causing involvement or atrophy of the gland.This was first demonstrated in animals by Ingle and Kendall (1937) with adrenocortical extracts.Since the introduction of cortisone in clinical medicine, a great deal of evidence has accumulated concerning adrenocortical hypofunc- tion or atrophy after the administration of this agent (e.g.Sprague, Power, Mason, and six others, 1950; O'Donnell, Fajans, and Weinbaum, 1951).These effects are assumed to be due to suppression of the release of ACTH from the adenohypophysis.The degree and duration of adrenocortical hypo- function produced by the administration of cortico- steroids has considerable clinical significance.
Left Ventricular Angiocardiography by Transseptal Puncture of the Left Atrium
Authors: A. J. BEUREN, J. APITZ
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Experiences with 90 left heart angiocardiograms in 170 patients with transseptal left heart catheterizations are discussed. Selective left heart angiocardiograms of patients with aortopulmonary septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, coarctation of the aorta, different types of ventricular septal defect, and isolated congenital mitral regurgitation are discussed. Examples of valvular, supravalvular, organic subvalvular, and functional hypertrophic subaortic stenosis are shown. The method is also suitable for the demonstration of endocardial fibroelastosis, truncus arteriosus, and hypoplasia of the aorta.