tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and physiological effects of chlordimeform.
Authors: F Matsumura, R W Beeman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Chlordimeform is a relatively new acaricide/insecticide, whose mode of action we have investigated. It appears to interfere with amine-mediated control of nervous and endocrine systems in a variety of ways. Specifically, chlordimeform causes a build-up of the amines 5-hydroxytryptamine and to a lesser extent norepinephrine in the rat brain in vivo, antagonizes the in vivo action of reserpine in the rat (reserpine depletes amine stores in the CNS), inhibits monoamine oxidase from rat liver in vitro, and causes hypotension in rabbits. In the American cockroach it directly stimulates the heart in situ, acts synergistically with tryptamine in vivo, inhibits amine-N-acetyltransferase from cockroach head in vitro, causes accumulation of indolamines in cockroaches in vivo, and blocks the stimulation of adenylate cyclase by octopamine in the cockroach CNS in situ. It also inhibits tryptamine metabolism in whole mites in vitro.
THE RELATION BETWEEN ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND INGESTED CHOLESTEROL IN THE RABBIT
Authors: Sarah Clarkson, L. H. Newburgh
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

1. The range of free cholesterol in the blood of rabbits, as determined by the Windaus method, varies from 35 to 125 mg. with a mean of 71 mg. per 100 cc. of blood. 2. The small amount of cholesterol contained in the high protein diet used by us in earlier work and causing atherosclerosis does not affect the blood cholesterol nor does it cause arterial disease. 3. In order to produce atherosclerosis it is necessary to feed at least ten times that amount of cholesterol. 4. In rabbits receiving such amounts both hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis occur, but it is not possible to establish any close parallelism between the two. High blood readings are found in rabbits with normal aortæ and atherosclerotic rabbits in this series sometimes have shown a normal blood cholesterol. 5. With still greater doses of cholesterol one finally reaches an amount which regularly produces hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis within a few weeks. 6. A new series of rabbits fed the high protein diet shows that those rabbits which become atherosclerotic also develop hypercholesterolemia. We attribute this elevation of the blood cholesterol to a metabolic disturbance directly referable to the excess of protein in the diet and not to its cholesterol content.
Circumstances of Death and Gross and Microscopic Observations in a Series of 200 Cases of Sudden Death Associated With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and/or Dysplasia
Authors: A. Tabib, R. Loire, L. Chalabreysse, D. Meyronnet, A. Miras, D. Malicier, F. Thivolet, P. Chevalier, P. Bouvagnet
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Sudden death is a possible consequence of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D). Prevalence of ARVC/D in unexpected sudden cardiac death (USCD), however, remains imprecise, as do circumstances of death and ARVC/D-associated gross and microscopic findings, especially His bundle anomalies.We reviewed 14 000 forensic autopsies required by judicial authorities from January 1980 to January 1999 in a 2 000 000-resident area. Age, gender, and circumstances of death were recorded. Hearts were examined macroscopically and microscopically. In this series, the ARVC/D group accounted for 200 consecutive cases (10.4%) of USCD, including 108 males and 92 females (average age 32.5 and 34.5 years, respectively). Nearly one third of deaths occurred during the fourth decade of life. Circumstances of death were various, but 75.6% occurred during everyday life events (at home, 63.1%; in the street, 6.6%; or at work, 6.1%); only 7 cases (3.5%) occurred during sports activity. Nineteen cases (9.5%) happened during the perioperative period. Adipose infiltration of the right ventricle was either isolated (20%) or associated with fibrosis (74.5%) and lymphocytes (5.5%). A total of 14.5% of cases had cardiac hypertrophy, assessed by an increase in heart weight and/or left ventricular wall thickness. In most cases, the His bundle and its branches were abnormal either because of infiltration of adipose tissue (8.1%), fibrosis (54.3%), or both (5.6%).In ARVC/D, both sexes are equally affected, and there is a peak of risk during the fourth decade. Death most frequently occurs during sedentary activity. His abnormalities and left ventricular hypertrophy may be associated with ARVC/D.
Mechanics of ventricular diastole
Authors: J. V. Tyberg, W. J. Keon, E. H. Sonnenblick, C. W. Urschel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1970)

An isolated canine heart preparation was developed which permitted evaluation of the time course of pressure and flow during ventricular diastole. Negative diastolic ventricular pressures were observed after inflow occluded ejections from a wide range of end diastolic volumes. The results are evaluated in the context of recent observations on myocardial ultrastructure and geometry and potential clinical implications are discussed.
Abstract 12: Germline BRCA mutations in an unselected cohort of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Spring Holter, Ayelet Borgida, Anna Dodd, Steven Narod, Mohammad Akbari, Malcolm Moore, Steven Gallinger
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract This is the first prospective study to determine the frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in an unselected series of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients with histologically or clinically confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma were approached at a single cancer centre to enroll in the IRB-approved Ontario Pancreas Cancer Study. Patients provided informed consent and cancer family history data was obtained. Blood was collected and analyzed by Sanger sequencing and MLPA for germline variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2. All predicted deleterious germline variants were confirmed by a clinical laboratory on an independent blood sample. Pathogenic germline mutations were identified in 12/234 (5%) of unselected incident pancreatic adenocarcinomas. BRCA1 mutations accounted for 1.2% (3/234) and BRCA2 accounted for 3.8% (9/234) cases. For the cohort, average age of pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosis was 65 years (27-91) and 46% were female. Previous primary cancer was reported in 24% of cases and 12% were of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. A family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer was reported in 25% of cases; however, of these with a family history, 1/3 did not meet NCCN guidelines to warrant germline BRCA analysis. Pancreatic cancer in another relative was reported in 12% of cases. A personal history of a previous primary cancer diagnosis and a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer were significantly associated with germline BRCA mutations. Previous studies of BRCA mutations in pancreatic adenocarcinoma have been limited to retrospective case series and incomplete germline analysis. Our study shows that germline BRCA mutations account for a significant proportion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, regardless of family history of breast and ovarian cancer. Increased identification of patients with germline BRCA mutations and pancreatic adenocarcinoma may allow for tailored chemotherapy through the use of platinum agents or PARP inhibitors. Citation Format: Spring Holter, Ayelet Borgida, Anna Dodd, Steven Narod, Mohammad Akbari, Malcolm Moore, Steven Gallinger. Germline BRCA mutations in an unselected cohort of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Susceptibility and Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes; Jan 29-Feb 1, 2014; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(23 Suppl):Abstract nr 12. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CANSUSC14-12
…And the bands play on
Authors: Robert H. Schapiro
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Injection sclerotherapy of bleeding oesophageal varices is undoubtedly beneficial but it is associated with a substantial complication rate, and variceal rebleeding is common during the treatment period before variceal obliteration is achieved. We aimed to find out whether endoscopic variceal banding ligation is safer and more effective. The two methods were compared in a randomised controlled trial of 103 patients (54 assigned to banding ligation, and 49 to injection sclerotherapy) of whom 21 (39) and 23 (47), respectively, had active bleeding at index endoscopy. Both treatments were highly effective in controlling active haemorrhage (91 and 92 respectively). Variceal obliteration was not achieved for 22 patients in each group, but among those whose varices were eradicated, banding ligation achieved obliteration more quickly than did sclerotherapy (mean 39 [SD 4] vs 72 [7] days, p = 0.004) and in fewer endoscopy sessions (3.4 [2.2] vs 4.9 [3.5], p = 0.006). Rebleeding was less common in the banding ligation group than in the sclerotherapy group (16 [30] vs 26 [53], p &lt; 0.05). There was no difference in outcome between the groups, but 14 sclerotherapy patients were withdrawn from the trial (7 for orthotopic liver transplantation) compared with only 5 (1 for liver transplantation) in the banding ligation group (p &lt; 0.05). Complication rates were similar in the two groups. Variceal banding ligation is a safe and effective technique, which obliterates varices more quickly and with a lower rebleeding rate than injection sclerotherapy.
Ceramide induces hepatocyte cell death through disruption of mitochondrial function in the rat
Authors: A S Arora, B J Jones, T C Patel, S F Bronk, G J Gores
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Although ceramide signaling pathways have been implicated in cell death, neither their role in hepatocellular death nor the cellular mechanisms mediating ceramide-induced cell death are known. The mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MMPT) has been proposed as a common final pathway in cell death. Thus the aims of our study were to determine if ceramides cause hepatocellular death by necrosis and not apoptosis as confirmed by morphology and the absence of internucleosomal DNA cleavage. Ceramide-mediated hepatocyte necrosis was acyl chain-length, concentration, and time-dependent. Ceramides induced cell necrosis was associated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion and mitochondrial depolarization suggesting that ceramides caused mitochondrial dysfunction. In isolated mitochondria, ceramides induced the cyclosporine A-sensitive MMPT in an acyl chain-length and concentration dependent manner. Ceramide toxicity was specific as the less potent dihydro form did not induce cell necrosis, significant ATP depletion, mitochondrial depolarization nor the MMPT. In conclusion, ceramide induced cell death is acyl-chain length dependent and mediated by the MMPT. These data show for the first time that ceramide acts as a mediator of hepatocyte necrosis by causing mitochondrial failure.
Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma
Authors: C.M.L.J. Tilli, M.A.M. Van Steensel, G.A.M. Krekels, H.A.M. Neumann, F.C.S. Ramaekers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Molecular aetiology and pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma Get access C.M.L.J. Tilli, C.M.L.J. Tilli Research Institute of Growth & Development (GROW)DermatologyMolecular Cell Biology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A.M. Van Steensel, M.A.M. Van Steensel Research Institute of Growth & Development (GROW)Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.A.M. Krekels, G.A.M. Krekels Research Institute of Growth & Development (GROW)Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.A.M. Neumann, H.A.M. Neumann Research Institute of Growth & Development (GROW)Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.C.S. Ramaekers F.C.S. Ramaekers Research Institute of Growth & Development (GROW)Molecular Cell Biology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands FCS Ramaekers. E‐mail: f.ramaekers@molcelb.unimaas.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 6, 1 June 2005, Pages 1108–1124, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06587.x Published: 01 June 2005 Article history Accepted: 12 August 2004 Published: 01 June 2005
Abstract 664: Polymerization of human βIII-tubulin is distinct from βI-tubulin in a cell-free system
Authors: Chia-Ping H. Yang, Susan B. Horwitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Tubulins are a family of proteins consisting of 7 α- and 6 β-tubulin isotypes. Many studies have demonstrated that tumors overexpressing βIII-tubulin have a poor response to chemotherapy. Suppression of βIII-tubulin sensitizes non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to microtubule-interacting agents, such as Taxol. βIII-tubulin has also been shown to mediate the incidence and progression of lung cancer. Tubulin isotype content of βI-, βIII-, βIV- and βV-tubulin in the human lung carcinoma cell line A549 is 50%, 8%, 36.5%, and 5.5%, respectively. In our study, the ability of six microtubule stabilizing agents, Taxol, epothilone B (EpoB), discodermolide (Disco), Ixabepilone, laulimalide and peloruside A, to polymerize tubulin in a 100,000 × g supernatant prepared from A549 cells was examined. The level of different tubulin isotypes in the drug-polymerized tubulin was determined by Western blot analysis with tubulin isotype specific antibodies. In the absence of drug, the level of polymerized βI-, βIII-, βIV- and βV-tubulin was 55%, 9%, 25%, and 48%, respectively. Ten µM Taxol caused a smalll increase (&amp;lt;15%) in βI- and βV- tubulin polymerization, but it induced a 367% and 228% increase in βIII- and βIV-tubulin polymerization. Among the six drugs tested, Disco and EpoB exhibited the greatest ability to polymerize all isotypes. The differential βI- and βIII-tubulin polymerization effects also were observed when intact A549 cells were lysed in the presence of drugs, followed by centrifugation. In the absence of drug, the level of polymerized βI- and βIII-tubulin was 9% and 0.2%, respectively. In the presence of 10 µM Taxol, the level of polymerized βI- and βIII-tubulin was increased to 28% and 7% which corresponded to a 3- and 35-fold increase in βI- and βIII-tubulin polymerization, respectively. However, when purified bovine brain tubulin in the absence of all endogenous proteins was used, there was no differential effect of drugs on the polymerization of βI+II- and βIII-tubulin. The βI-, βII-, βIII-, and βIV-tubulin content in bovine brain is 3%, 58%, 25% and 14%, respectively. Disco and EpoB also have the strongest effects on the polymerization of all bovine brain tubulin isotypes. Our results indicate that polymerization of βIII-tubulin is distinct from that of βI-tubulin in a cell-free system and that endogenous cellular components may influence the polymerization of tubulin isotypes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 664. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-664
Doctors as the Key to Health Care Reform
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Experts agree that sustainable health care reform requires reining in rising costs, but few people understand that the control of medical expenditures is largely in the hands of the medical profession. Doctors, in consultation with their patients — not insurance companies, legislators, or government officials — make most of the decisions to use medical resources, thereby determining what the United States spends on medical care.Most doctors are paid on a fee-for-service basis, which is a strong financial incentive for them to maximize the elective services they provide. This incentive, combined with the continued introduction of new and more expensive . . .
Imiquimod: a potential role in dermatology?
Authors: D.J. Eedy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Imiquimod: a potential role in dermatology? Get access D.J. Eedy D.J. Eedy Department of Dermatology, Craigavon Area Hospital Group Trust, 68 Lurgan Road, Portadown BT63 5QQ, U.K D.J.Eedy. E‐mail: David@DJEEDY.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 1, 1 July 2002, Pages 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04945.x Published: 01 July 2002 Article history Accepted: 09 May 2002 Published: 01 July 2002
Plans for foundation trusts could spark pay spiral
Authors: W. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A prominent NHS chairman who heads a large London trust has warned MPs that government plans to set up foundation trusts could destabilise the capital's health service and lead to the poaching of staff from trusts that pay less.

Peter Dixon, chairman of University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, told members of the Commons health select committee last week that the trust had agreed to apply for foundation status despite …
AN ORIGINAL METHOD FOR PREVENTION OF PERFORATION IN SUBMUCOUS RESECTION
Authors: RICHARD M. NELSON
Journal: JAMA (1910)

In every adverse criticism of the operation of submueous resection for the correction of deviation or deflection of the nasal septum which I have read or have heard, the greatest stress has always been laid on the danger of perforation resulting therefrom. Indeed, such great emphasis is laid on this danger, that in every such operation which I have performed the dread of this occurrence has ever been foremost in my mind. Believing that it ought to be possible to devise some modification of the usual steps of this operation rendering the danger of perforation less than was to be apprehended with existing methods, I set to work to put into practical use an idea that had often suggested itself to me in operating after the usual method. I noted on several occasions that in dissecting or separating the mucous membrane from the cartilage on both sides, although I several
No independent association of serum phosphorus with risk for death or progression to end-stage renal disease in a large screen for chronic kidney disease
Authors: Rajnish Mehrotra, Carmen A. Peralta, Shu-Cheng Chen, Suying Li, Michael Sachs, Anuja Shah, Keith Norris, Georges Saab, Adam Whaley-Connell, Bryan Kestenbaum, Peter A. McCullough
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Catastrophic Diseases: Who Decides What?: A Psychosocial and Legal Analysis of the Problems Posed by Hemodialysis and Organ Transplantation
Authors: Robert E. McCabe
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The golden era of American medicine that followed World War II witnessed the greatest scientific explosion of medical knowledge in the history of mankind. These developments have included antibiotics, defeat of venereal disease, discovery of the Rh factor, safe blood transfusions, intravenous alimentation, open heart surgery, space medicine, and intricate monitoring devices. These accomplishments also include hemodialysis and transplantation for the treatment of one catastrophic disease—kidney failure. These great breakthroughs were accomplished by dedicated medical researchers without stringent peer review forced on them by reason of their very successes.<i>Catastrophic Diseases: Who Decides What?</i>is a review of those many forces that now limit scientific progress in the field of medicine today. End-stage renal disease (ESRD), involving the glamor of life-saving hemodialysis and the dream of producing the Greek chimera through renal transplantation, has been selected by our peers in government as a model for the socialization of medicine.
T-cell lymphoma induction by radiation leukemia virus in athymic nude mice.
Authors: P Ricciardi-Castagnoli, M Lieberman, O Finn, H S Kaplan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

We report the development of extrathymic lymphoblastic lymphomas in RadLV-inoculated congenitally athymic nude mice. Thus, a leukemogenic virus which appears to require the presence of a thymus for its replication in normothymic mice can infect and transform target cells in the absence of this organ in the athymic host. The cells of one of these lymphomas have been established in vitro as a permanent cell line, BALB/Nu1. This cell line as well as a lymphoma induced in NIH/Swiss nude mice exhibit several T-cell markers, including terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity, Thy-1.2, and Ly-2.2, but not Ly-1.2 nor TL. Ig determinants were not detected. The characteristics of the tumor cells support the view that cells with T-cell markers may normally exist in nude mice and undergo neoplastic transformation and clonal expansion after infection with a leukemogenic virus. The alternative possibility that virus-induced differentiation of prothymocytes may lead to the expression of Thy-1.2 and Ly-2.2 antigens is also considered. BALB/Nu1 cells release large numbers of type C viral particles. The virus, designated radiation leukemia virus (RadLV)/Nu1, has RTase activity and the protein profile characteristic of murine leukemia virus (MuLV). In radioimmunoassays, it cross-reacts completely with RadLV/VL3, a virus obtained from RadLV-induced C57BL/Ka thymic lymphoma cells in culture, and slightly with a xenotropic virus (BALB:virus-2) and with AKR MuLV. On inoculation into C57BL/Ka mice it has thymotropic and leukemogenic activity. In vitro it is B-tropic, poorly fibrotropic, and has limited xenotropic activity. Thus, RadLV/Nu1 appears to be biologically and serologically similar or identical to its parent virus, RadLV.
Extracardiac Activity with TI-201 in a Pleural Mesothelioma Recurrence
Authors: M J GARC??A, J ARBIZU, J C RAMIREZ, C ROBLEDO, M DOMPER, J RICHTER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Thallium uptake in wide series of tumors is well recognized, although pleural mesothelioma has not yet been documented. Thallium accumulation was detcted in an extracardiac mass during a myocardial perfusion stress test. A pleural mesothelioma was demonstrated by means of the immunhistochemical analysis after the surgery.
Improved Measurement of Pressure Gradients in Aortic Coarctation by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: John N. Oshinski, W. James Parks, Christos P. Markou, Harris L. Bergman, Blake E. Larson, David N. Ku, Srinivasan Mukundan, Roderic I. Pettigrew
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Reshaping US Health Care
Authors: Donald M. Berwick
Journal: JAMA (2014)

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