tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Affective Illness and Compulsive Water Drinking
Authors: Irving C. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Rendell et al, "Fatal Compulsive Water Drinking" (240:2557, 1978), is intriguing. The authors describe two cases in detail, and it appears that both patients had severe affective components to their psychiatric illness or had an affective psychosis that endangered their lives and led to their deaths. If this assumption is correct, electroshock therapy should have been used in treatment and might have saved their lives. Kalinowsky and Hippius<sup>1</sup>state that electrotherapy is the treatment of choice for affective psychosis. In their<i>Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry</i>, Freedman and Kaplan<sup>2</sup>state: "the effect of electrotherapy in depression is one of the most spectacular treatments in medicine."
Core-binding factor β interacts with Runx2 and is required for skeletal development
Authors: Carolina A. Yoshida, Tatsuya Furuichi, Takashi Fujita, Ryo Fukuyama, Naoko Kanatani, Shinji Kobayashi, Masanobu Satake, Kenji Takada, Toshihisa Komori
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
Renal Concentrating Ability in Cirrhosis of the Liver.
Authors: Carlos A. Vaamonde
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Renal Concentrating Ability in Cirrhosis of the Liver.Carlos A. Vaamonde, M.D., Liliana S. Vaamonde, M.D., Hugo J. Morosi, M.D., Eugene L. Klingler Jr., M.D., Solomon Papper, M.D., F.A.C.P.Carlos A. Vaamonde, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Liliana S. Vaamonde, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Hugo J. Morosi, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Eugene L. Klingler Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Solomon Papper, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1183_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRenal concentrating ability was studied in 11 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and in 9 patients with chronic disease not involving the liver ("controls"). None had evidence of cardiovascular or renal disease. All received a diet containing 10 mEq sodium, 80 mEq of potassium and 1.5 gm/kg of protein daily. In each subject we determined: (1) maximum urine osmolality after 16 hours of deyhdration, (2) maximum osmolality after a 3-hour infusion of vasopressin during a sustained water load and, (3) free water clearance during a mannitol diuresis (Table).No difference was observed in inulin clearance, para-amino hippurate clearance, or... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Carlos A. Vaamonde, M.D.; Liliana S. Vaamonde, M.D.; Hugo J. Morosi, M.D.; Eugene L. KlinglerJr., M.D.; Solomon Papper, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Albuquerque, New Mexico PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1183-1183KeywordsCirrhosisDietLiverMannitolPotassiumProteinsRenal diseasesSodiumUrineVasopressin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Pericardial effusion: A rare presentation of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Fernando P. Chaves, Karen Quillen, Dongsheng Xu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) has a wide variety of clinical presentations. The most common ones include leukemia, hypercalcemia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and skin lesions. We report a case of ATLL in a 73‐year‐old woman who presented initially with chest discomfort and shortness of breath. The patient had no peripheral lymphadenopathy, circulating lymphoma cells, hepatosplenomegaly, or skin lesions. CT scan showed small mediastinal lymph nodes and pericardial effusion. Diagnosis was established by cytomorphologic evaluation and flow cytometric analysis of the pericardial fluid. Cardiac involvement is a rare event in ATLL and, when present, usually is a late finding in the setting of disseminated disease. This case was unusual because the patient lacked all common clinical features of ATLL. We present this case so as to increase awareness that ATLL could initially present with pericardial effusion. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of cardiac involvement are also discussed. Am. J. Hematol. 77:381–383, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Top‐Down Fabrication of Polyelectrolyte‐Thermoplastic Hybrid Microparticles for Unidirectional Drug Delivery to Single Cells
Authors: Peipei Zhang, Yingru Liu, Junfei Xia, Zhibin Wang, Brett Kirkland, Jingjiao Guan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

This manuscript describes an inexpensive and versatile top-down method to produce microparticles that integrate both thermoplastics and polyelectrolytes with a unique dot-on-pad structure. These particles may allow in vivo unidirectional drug delivery to single cells. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Abstract 1595: Phosphomimetic mutation of hnRNP A1 inhibits AKT-dependent IRES function and results in mTOR inhibitor sensitivity
Authors: Jheralyn Martin, Janine Masri, Cheri Cloninger, Brent Holmes, Alan Lichtenstein, Joseph F. Gera
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The relative activity of the Akt kinase has been demonstrated to be a major determinant of sensitivity of tumor cells to mTOR inhibitors. Our previous studies have shown that the multifunctional RNA-binding protein hnRNP A1 regulates a salvage pathway which facilitates IRES-dependent mRNA translation of critical cellular determinants in an Akt-dependent manner following mTOR inhibitor exposure. This salvage pathway functions by stimulating IRES-dependent translation in cells with relatively quiescent Akt resulting in resistance to rapamycin. However, the pathway is repressed in cells with elevated Akt activity rendering cells sensitive to rapamycin induced G1 arrest as a result of the inhibition of global eIF-4E-mediated translation. Akt phosphorylation of hnRNP A1 at serine 199 has been demonstrated to inhibit IRES-mediated translation initiation. Here we describe a phosphomimetic mutant of hnRNP A1 (S199E) which binds both the cyclin D1 and c-MYC IRES RNAs in vitro and results in inhibition of IRES function in dicistronic mRNA reporter assays. Utilizing cells in which Akt is conditionally active, we demonstrate that overexpression of this mutant renders quiescent Akt-containing cells sensitive to rapamycin in vitro and in xenografts. We also demonstrate that activated Akt is strongly correlated with elevated phospho- ser199-hnRNP A1 levels in a panel of 22 glioblastomas. These data demonstrate that the phosphorylation status of hnRNP A1 ser199 regulates the Akt-dependent sensitivity of cells to rapamycin and may have utility as a surrogate biomarker to stratify those tumors which may be most sensitive to mTOR inhibitor therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1595.
Results of a Phase I Dose-Escalation Study Using Single-Fraction Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Lung Tumors
Authors: Quynh-Thu Le, Billy W. Loo, Anthony Ho, Christian Cotrutz, Albert C. Koong, Heather Wakelee, Stephen T. Kee, Dana Constantinescu, Richard I. Whyte, Jessica Donington
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2006)
A CASE OF MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES (?)
Authors: J. HUTCHINSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1895)

IT is certainly very difficult to suggest the real nature of the disease of which this case is an example, or even to give a name to it which will not be misleading or seem to imply more than can at present be proved.This, however, is undoubted, that it resembled in many respects the malady of which Mr. Malcolm Morris lately published an example in the British Medical Journal (1894), under the title of Mycosis Fungoides, and that more than one case of apparently a similar nature has been exhibited at the Dermatological Society of London lately.The chief features were briefly :- 1.The spontaneous occurrence of attacks of inflammation of the skin, slightly suggesting but probably wholly distinct from, true erysipelas.This dermatitis involved practically the whole body, and each successive attack led to increased thickening of the corium and subcutaneous tissues, so that they became permanently raised in thick, tortuous folds.2. Loss of the skin appendages : thus the patient was left without hair on scalp, face, or trunk ; and all the nails were shed.3. Rnlargement of all the lymphatic glands which were accessible to examination, with a slight tendency to suppuration, but no leucocythsemia. 4.Frequent febrile temperature and progressive loss of strength, terminating in death from exhaustion. VOL. VII. Q
Late changes in peripheral blood after thorotrast administration.
Authors: A. O. Langlands, E. R. Williamson
Journal: BMJ (1967)

augmented histamine response.A notable example was the difference between the two sexes, the males secreting more acid than the females.It was of interest to see whether this difference was quantitatively the same with each of the different methods of expressing the augmented histamine response.Table III shows that the male/female ratios for all three methods were virtually identical, as were the Student's t test values for each.TABLE III.-Comparison of Differences Between Male and Female Pre- operative Augmented Histamine Responses with the Three Methods of Expression (Standard Deviations in Parentheses) Ratio of Mean Values of Test Malel Female t P (Mean Males (83) Females (17) Values) Mid-half-hour secretion 199 (+ 8 0) 13-3 (i 5-3) 1.50 3-284 < 0 01 Peakhalf-hoursecretion 22-0 ( + 8 0) 15-2 (±6-2) 1-45 3-319 < 0-01 One hour secretion . .33-8 (± 13-8) 22-8 (± 10-3) 1-48 3-123 < 0-01Based on 13 cases.The dose was unrecorded in five.
Defective expression of gp180, a novel CD8 ligand on intestinal epithelial cells, in inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: L S Toy, X Y Yio, A Lin, S Honig, L Mayer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Previous studies support a role for intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) as antigen-presenting cells in mucosal immune responses. T cells activated by IEC are CD8+, suppressor in function, and dependent upon CD8-associated p56lck activation. A 180-kD glycoprotein (gp180) recognized by mAbs B9 and L12 has been identified and shown to be important in CD8+ T cell activation by IEC. Since IEC derived from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are incapable of activating CD8+ T cells, we asked whether this correlated with gp180 expression. While frozen sections of normal bowel revealed bright gp180 staining on all IEC, both inflamed and uninflamed ulcerative colitis (UC) specimens showed patchy staining. In Crohn's disease (CD), staining was faint to absent. Flow cytometry confirmed immunohistochemical data. The staining patterns correlated with the ability of IEC to activate CD8-associated p56lck. Normal IEC induced phosphorylation of p56lck in CD8alpha but not CD4+ transfectants. In contrast, both UC and CD IEC activated CD4 and, to a much lesser extent, CD8-associated p56lck. Thus, gp180 expression by IBD IEC appears to be altered, and correlates with a functional alteration of lck activation. This defect may reflect a more proximal event in the pathogenesis of IBD.
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Peter Quesenberry, Lee Levitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

(First of Three Parts)IN man, most tissues consist primarily of differentiated cells that normally show little evidence of proliferation and self-renewal. However, the gastrointestinal mucosal cells, the skin and the hematopoietic-lymphoid tissues continually renew themselves and thus proliferate and differentiate extensively. In each system, a small number of stem cells have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, and the more mature cells are derived from these stem cells. Derangements of stem cells or their regulators could result in serious illnesses, and many diseases of the hematopoietic system appear to be stem-cell disorders. These diseases include aplastic anemia, chronic myelocytic . . .
Dynamic Electrophysiological Behavior of Human Atria During Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Alessandro Capucci, Mauro Biffi, Giuseppe Boriani, Flavia Ravelli, Giandomenico Nollo, Paolo Sabbatani, Carlo Orsi, Bruno Magnani
Journal: Circulation (1995)

The aims of our study were to investigate the meaning of local atrial activation and its behavior during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and to study the effect of overdrive pacing on local atrial activity.Twenty-five patients with lone paroxysmal atrial fibrillation underwent electrophysiological study. Functional and effective atrial refractoriness was determined. Mean and fifth percentile values of 100 consecutive atrial fibrillation intervals (FF) were evaluated at three atrial sites either at arrhythmia onset or at self-termination (or at minute 5). A high-voltage burst pacing was performed after 6 minutes of stable atrial fibrillation in 10 patients. Mean FF intervals were evaluated 5 seconds before and after atrial pacing. Forty-nine atrial fibrillation episodes were induced: 39 self-terminating within 5 minutes and 10 long-lasting. A significant correlation was found between mean FF and atrial functional refractory period (r = .73, P < .001) and between fifth percentile FF and atrial effective refractory period (r = .57, P < .005). Atrial fibrillation self-termination was associated with significant mean FF prolongation, whereas long-lasting fibrillation behaved the opposite. In 10 patients, burst pacing resulted in significant shortening of the mean FF at the stimulation site; no changes were observed in the two distant recording sites.The analysis of the FF intervals demonstrates a strict correlation with atrial functional refractoriness. The self-termination of atrial fibrillation is related to a prolongation of the functional refractoriness (mean FF), whereas a shortening of both functional and effective refractoriness (fifth percentile) is associated with atrial fibrillation persistence. The provoked shortening of the mean FF at the stimulation site is consistent with the presence of a gap of excitability during atrial fibrillation in the human atria.
In uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, CBT improved glycemic control and reduced depression
Authors: David L. Bronson, Kathleen S. Franco
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Safren SA, Gonzalez JS, Wexler DJ, et al. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for adherence and depression (CBT-AD) in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2014;37:625-33. 24170758
Non-European doctors and change in UK policy: Change is cruel and opportunistic
Authors: M A I Khan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—The decision by the Department of Health that all doctors from outside the European Union who wish to work in the United Kingdom will need a work permit smacks of opportunism.1 For several years the job situation for overseas graduates has been appalling—in 2001, for my first job, I sent 150 applications. The advertised “shortage” of doctors—a shortage of …
On a New Method of Determining the Presence of, and Recovery from, True Ringworm
Authors: D. Duckworth
Journal: BMJ (1873)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.trates the ill effects which may occur from an accident, though giving no evidenoe of their existence at the time.One peculiar feature in connection with this case is, that the child should have lived so long after the accident in fairly good health.He partook heartily of his meals, was cheerful, and fond of play.
Lack of IL-17RA signalling prevents autoimmune inflammation of the joint and give rise to a Th2-like phenotype in collagen-induced arthritis
Authors: A.-M. Mus, O. Corneth, P. Asmawidjaja, E. Lubberts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Interleukin (IL)-17A plays an important role in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). On the other hand, CIA developed normally in IL-17F deficient mice. This could be due to IL-17A that is still expressed in these mice. It has been shown that around 20% of the IL-17A deficient mice still develop marked collagen-induced arthritis with a somewhat lower severity that the control littermates. Spontaneous arthritis development in the IL-1Ra deficient mice could not be completely prevented in double IL-17A/IL-17F deficient mice. However, it is still not fully clear how important the role of the IL-17A and IL-17F signalling is in the development of autoimmune collagen-induced arthritis. Here the authors examined the role of the IL-17RA signaling in the development of CIA using IL-17RA deficient (IL-17RA−/−) mice that can not signal for IL-17A and IL-17F. These mice were compared to control mice and the CIA resistant IL-23p19 deficient (IL-23p19−/−) mice. CII-immunised control mice developed CIA from day 24 onwards with an incidence between 40% and 60%. As expected, the IL-23p19−/− mice did not develop CIA. Interestingly, the IL-17RA−/− mice were completely protected and did not develop CIA even after a third CII/CFA injection. In contrast to the low percentage of IL-17<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in the IL-23p19−/− mice, there was a significant increase in the percentage of these cells in the IL-17RA−/− group compared to the control group at day 69. No significant difference was found in the percentage of IFN-γ<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells between all three groups. Interestingly and in contrast to the IL-23p19 knockout mice, the IL-17RA deficient mice showed a Th2-like phenotype in splenic CD4 T cells at day 69. No difference was noted for FoxP3 expression in the splenic CD4 T cells between the three different mouse groups. Moreover, the CII-specific IgG2a levels in the sera of IL-17RA−/− was significantly lower compared to the control group at day 20 and lower although not statistically significant at day 69. At this latter time point, CII-specific IgG1 levels in the sera of IL-17RA−/− was increased although not statistically significant compared to the control. These data revealed a critical role for the IL-17RA signaling in the development of autoimmune inflammation of the joint. Moreover, these data show a Th2-like phenotype in IL-17RA−/− mice immunised with CII, suggesting that IL-17 receptor signaling is involved in the suppression of Th2 cytokines in autoimmune collagen arthritis.
Congenital heart block and maternal systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: E Esscher, J S Scott
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The association between infants with congenital heart block (CHB) and the presence or later development of maternal systemic lupus erythematosus or other connective-tissue disease (CTD) was reviewed in 67 cases. In 24 cases CHB was diagnosed at or before birth. Of nine necropsies on affected infants, seven showed endomyocardial fibrosis. The results suggest that one in three mothers who deliver babies with CHB have or will develop CTD. The association is probably explained by placental transfer of a maternal antibody. Awareness of the association may lead to prevention of the birth of children with CHB and better neonatal care of affected children.
Effects of converting enzyme inhibition on baroreflex sensitivity in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Domenico Bonaduce, Mario Petretta, Gianfranco Morgano, Tiziana Attisano, Valter Bianchi, Pasquale Arrichiello, Francesco Rotondi, Mario Condorelli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
CAMPYLOBACTER-UKE ORGANISMS IN THE STOMACH OF PATIENTS AND HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Authors: M.-L. Langenberg, G.N.J. Tytgat, M.E.I. Schipper, P.J.G.M. Rietra, H.C. Zanen, R.A. Burnett, J.A.H. Forrest, R.W.A. Girdwood, C.R. Fricker
Journal: The Lancet (1984)
Dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Blood and Adipose Tissue of Agent Orange—Exposed Vietnam Veterans and Matched Controls
Authors: Peter C. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Vietnam veterans who were heavily exposed to Agent Orange exceeded matched control subjects in both blood and adipose tissue levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) but not in the levels of the 12 other 2,3,7,8-substituted dioxins and dibenzofurans that were detected. Since only TCDD among these compounds was present in Agent Orange but all are present in the population of the industrialized world, it is likely that the elevated TCDD levels arose from wartime exposure. The high correlation (r = +.89) of blood with adipose tissue level suggests that there may be a mobile equilibrium between them and that blood measurement could replace adipose tissue measurement of TCDD levels, making the collection of human data less invasive.
Captain Webb's legacy: the perils of swimming the English Channel
Authors: F. Klemperer, E. S. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (2014)

> “Nothing great is easy”
> 
> —Inscription on memorial to Captain Webb in Shropshire 
On 24 August 1875, against all expectations, Captain Matthew Webb crossed the 18.1 nautical miles of the English Channel without artificial aids.1 His swim took almost 22 hours.



 

Only a passport is required to enter the sea at Dover and attempt the swim to France. Two organisations will ratify the swim: the Channel Swimming and Piloting Federation and the Channel Swimming Association. Their pilots have years of experience of the channel tides and weather and of escorting swimmers and evaluating when to pull them out of the water.

Over the 140 years since Captain Webb’s first crossing, interest in repeating his feat has grown steadily (figs 1⇓ and 2⇓). Aspiring swimmers now book their slots with pilots two or more years in advance. As we write, there have been 1932 one-way, 41 two-way, and three three-way solo crossings of the channel. Many more swimmers have turned back, and eight have died.2



Fig 1 Number of solo English Channel crossings 1875-2014 

Data used from www.cspf.co.uk with permission of the Channel Swimming and Piloting Federation



Fig 2 Captain Webb’s swim across the English Channel

Channel Swimming and Piloting Federation (http://cspf.co.uk/matthew-webb)

Swimming the channel requires great stamina. Although the point to point distance is 18.1 nautical miles (21 miles or 34 km), tides take the swimmer sideways. Only fast swimmers can, by timing their swim at slack tide, swim straight across. The fastest swimmer took just under seven hours; the slowest took almost 29 hours and covered 65 miles. The average time taken by women is not significantly different from that by men, but the top three male swimmers in the English Channel were around 12% faster than the women (data from 1875 to 2011).3

The oldest channel swimmer so far, Otto Thaning, a cardiac surgeon in full time practice in Cape Town and an experienced endurance swimmer, swam the channel on 6 …