tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OXYGEN WANT IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
Authors: CHARLES W. GREENE
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The amount of oxygen in the air we breathe is supplemented under so many different conditions in modern medicine that it seemed to me profitable to review the physiologic rôle of oxygen in the human body under conditions both in health and in disease. In the last decade many researches have been published which tend to clarify and increase our knowledge of the supply and use of oxygen by the human body. Not the least of the advances have been through the development of microchemical methods for measuring the oxygen content of small samples of blood. Such samples are easily obtained without detriment, not only in animal experimentation, but also in physiologic researches on man. Witness, for example, the epochmaking studies of Stadie,<sup>1</sup>of Harrop<sup>2</sup>and of Van Slyke and Stadie<sup>3</sup>on the oxygen and carbon dioxid content of the blood of man in health and in
Differences Between Local and Review Urinary Cytology in Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer. An Interobserver Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Mika-P. Raitanen, Risto Aine, Erkki Rintala, Jukka Kallio, Pertti Rajala, Harri Juusela, Teuvo L.J. Tammela
Journal: European Urology (2002)
The Role of Surgical Organizations in the Advancement of Medical Care, Education and Research
Authors: J. Englebert Dunphy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

PERUSING the program of this symposium, one is not clear whether three national surgical organizations have but one representative because he is the only surgeon participating or whether the program committee has thought that three surgical organizations are just about the equal of any one medical society! In any event, a word or two about scientific societies in general may not be out of order. It has been said that a scientific society exists for the "increase and diffusion of knowledge." How effectively a society accomplishes this purpose is a function of its aims and the character and capabilities of . . .
Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of skin lesions
Authors: C.F. Heal, B.A. Raasch, P.G. Buettner, D. Weedon
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of skin lesions Get access C.F. Heal, C.F. Heal Skin Cancer Research Group within the North Queensland Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia Correspondence: Clare Heal. E‐mail: clare.heal@jcu.edu.au Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.A. Raasch, B.A. Raasch Skin Cancer Research Group within the North Queensland Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, AustraliaDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.G. Buettner, P.G. Buettner Skin Cancer Research Group within the North Queensland Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Weedon D. Weedon Sullivan and Nicolaides Pathology Laboratories, Taringa, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 3, 1 September 2008, Pages 661–668, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08715.x Published: 01 September 2008
Who Discovered Circulation of Blood?
Authors: Tsung O. Cheng
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters15 May 2001Who Discovered Circulation of Blood?Tsung O. Cheng, MDTsung O. Cheng, MDGeorge Washington University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20037 (Cheng)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-10-200105150-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I hate to disappoint both Rehman and colleagues (1) and Felts (2) with regard to who really discovered circulation of blood. The first suggestion that blood flows in a circle can be found in the writings of Hippocrates (460 to circa 375 BC) (3, 4). The following paragraph from the Hippocratic Corpus (5) appears to substantiate this premise: “The vessels communicate with one another and the blood flows from one to another. I do not know where the commencement is to be found, for in a circle you can find neither commencement nor end, but from the ...References1. Rehman SU, Shakaib A, Rashid S. Richard Lower: anatomist and physiologist [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:484-5. [PMID: 10975977] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Felts JH. Richard Lower: anatomist and physiologist. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:485. [PMID: 10992592] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Cheng TO. The true father of circulation: Harvey or Hippocrates? Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;71:1399. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Acierno LJ. The History of Cardiology. New York: Parthenon; 1994. Google Scholar5. Wiberg J. The medical science of ancient Greece: the doctrine of the heart. Janus. 1937;41:225-54. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Tsung O. Cheng, MDAffiliations: George Washington University Medical Center; Washington, DC 20037 (Cheng) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRichard Lower: Anatomist and Physiologist Shakaib U. Rehman , Ambreen Shakaib , and Shaukat Rashid Richard Lower: Anatomist and Physiologist John H. Felts Who Discovered Circulation of Blood? John H. Felts Metrics Cited byWho Discovered Circulation of Blood?John H. Felts, MDFrom the Literature 15 May 2001Volume 134, Issue 10 Page: 1008-1009 Keywords Arteries Blood Blood flow Blood vessels Capillaries Heart Rivers ePublished: 15 May 2001 Issue Published: 15 May 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Edward Henry Larkin
Authors: D. Woodrow
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former consultant psychiatrist London (b Sydney, Australia, 1908; q Sydney 1930; DPM, MRCP, FRCPsych), d 12 May 2002.

Edward Larkin came to England with the intention of training as a thoracic surgeon, but instead developed an interest in mental illness. During the second world war he was a colonel in the Royal Army Medical Corps and he supervised the rehabilitation of shell shocked soldiers. He held consultant appointments at the Metropolitan Hospital, the West End Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, the Paddington Clinic and Day Care Hospital, and Halliwick Hospital, Southgate. A talented pianist, in retirement he taught himself the organ, violin, and cello. He read Greek and Latin texts every day before breakfast and became proficient in Arabic. He contributed an extensively researched and much quoted chapter on Beethoven's medical history to the book Beethoven: The Last Decade
Nutritional intake, adiposity, and diabetes.
Authors: D P Burkitt, H C Trowell
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Rugby injuries involving the hand SIR,-With reference to the letter (10 February, p 414) by Drs R W Nutton and M J Guy, it is not stated what kind of dislocations occurred.The common injury is the posterior one, which is usually no trouble; it is the anterior dislocation that is liable to cause rupture of the middle slip of the extensor tendon.This is not generally realised and is not in many of the textbooks.X-rays are not always taken after this injury, reduction being done on the spot; so it may not be known what type of dislocation occurred.So if after this injury a patient cannot fully extend the proximal interphalangeal joint, then he should be treated at once in a lively splint to prevent the Boutonnier deformity, which is a disabling and difficult condition to treat once it has developed.
Let's Do Away With CVA
Authors: Robert Raskind
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read the suggestion of Dr Lester Adelson, "Let's Do Away with CVA" (236:2390, 1976). I am in full agreement that the actual semantics of the terminology is indeed bad: the anatomical lesion should be described in the nomenclature. However, worse than the semantics of the problem is the medical implication. This usually is an "end-all" to further diagnostic procedures and therapy. It has been pointed out in several publications that the terms "stroke" or "CVA" are cover-ups for lesions that are amenable to current techniques of surgical therapy. In a random review of 276 hospital admissions, 46% of patients with this initial diagnosis were found to have surgical lesions.<sup>1</sup> I think this needs to be pointed out again and again so that cases of patients with abrupt onset of neurologic deficit will be investigated thoroughly and managed adequately.
Nonsedating antihistamines in the treatment of severe chronic idiopathic urticaria: are they used optimally?
Authors: S.T. Cheung, W. Tucker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Nonsedating antihistamines in the treatment of severe chronic idiopathic urticaria: are they used optimally? Get access S.T. Cheung, S.T. Cheung Department of Dermatology, Worcestershire Royal Hospital, Worcester, U.K. E‐mail: stc@doctors.net.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Tucker W. Tucker Department of Dermatology, Worcestershire Royal Hospital, Worcester, U.K. E‐mail: stc@doctors.net.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 5, 1 May 2006, Pages 1012–1013, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07207.x Published: 01 May 2006
Vanishing Bone Disease of the Pelvis
Authors: Renee D. Brown, Yana Studentsova, Donald Margouleff
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Gorham's disease is a very rare condition characterized by spontaneous resorption of bone with associated nonmalignant angiomatous proliferation. Usually the destruction of the bone is progressive in nature, lacks evidence of regeneration, and leads ultimately to replacement of bone by fibrous tissue and involvement of the surrounding soft tissues. There is no known genetic mode of transmission and there is no predilection by age or sex. This syndrome may occur in any bone but favors the long bones, shoulders, and pelvis. The authors present a case of this rare disease. The patient is a 24-year-old man presenting with pelvic pain. The diagnosis was made by biopsy, which revealed the characteristic angiomatosis. Changes on Tc-99m diphosphonate bone imaging in this disease are shown.
Olopatadine inhibits conjunctival mast cell-mediated and fMLP stimulated eosinophil degranulation but not mast cell-mediated adhesion of IL-5 primed eosinophils
Authors: J.L. Stahl, E.B. Cook, J.B. Sedgwick, H. Kito, N.P. Barney, F.M. Graziano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
The fun and fear of flying.
Authors: H F Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1986)

The first time I flew solo I was nervous. As a 17 year old Air Training Corps cadet my preparation had been twenty two winch launches with an instructor in the Slingsby T 31 open glider: a total flying time of one hour. I was then briefed for three solo circuits. My visible shaking was assumed to be due to the cold November afternoon, and I was hastily lent a warm aircrew jacket before being sent alone into the air. On the first circuit I was too low on the final approach and was relieved to just clear the perimeter fence and reach the landing strip. The instructor berated me for this potentially disastrous error of judgment and then sent me off again for two thankfully uneventful circuits. Two years later at an airfield near Southport I taxied out for my first solo flight in a powered aeroplane, a de Havilland Chipmunk. Again I felt nervous, but wearing a flying suit, helmet, parachute, and Mae West life jacket I felt dressed for the occasion. Indeed, I felt a strange sense of comradeship with the wartime fighter pilots who had raced down the same runway thirty years earlier to defend Liverpool. But my task was infinitely less demanding and my only enemies gravity and the weather. The short flight was uneventful and the landing quite reasonable (the saying being that a good landing is one you walk away from). Instead of pursuing a military career I chose to work in public health, first as a public health inspector and later as a research officer at an epidemiology unit. At the age of 291 was fortunate enough to be accepted for medical school and with my wife and young son moved up to Leicester. The house we bought turned out to be situated only two miles from a small airfield, and light aircraft came over regularly. The flying bug, which had lain dormant for ten years, began to stir. After completing three years of medical studies, I could not resist a short trial flight at the local aeroclub. The Cessna 152 is a small, docile, high wing two seater. Surprisingly, I had not forgotten everything and, hooked once more, after four and a half hours dual flying I went solo again. The fairly intensive dual revision had included stalling, spinning, engine failures, and other unusual events that one trusts will never happen. My previous university air squadron flying hours counted towards the requirements for obtaining the private pilot's licence, considerably reducing the time and expense involved. Although I cannot afford to go up very often, half an hour a month between two and five thousand feet is excellent treatment to clear the head. A fellow medical student recently accompanied me, and we enjoyed surveying the city and county from high up and in one glance seeing most of the hospitals at which we train. As I have flown over Leicestershire and the surrounding counties I have noticed the many disused wartime airfields that litter the countryside. Forty years ago most were active flying bases and the sky was often a hostile place. The biographies of wartime aircrew
High-dose ranitidine is ineffective in the treatment of psoriasis
Authors: L. ÇEtin, E. Yilmaz, E. Alpsoy, E. Basaran
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article High‐dose ranitidine is ineffective in the treatment of psoriasis Get access L. ÇEtin, L. ÇEtin Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Dermatology, 07070 Antalya, Turkey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Yilmaz, E. Yilmaz Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Dermatology, 07070 Antalya, Turkey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Alpsoy, E. Alpsoy Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Dermatology, 07070 Antalya, Turkey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Basaran E. Basaran Akdeniz University, Medical Faculty, Department of Dermatology, 07070 Antalya, Turkey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 137, Issue 6, 1 December 1997, Pages 1021–1022, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb01578.x Published: 01 December 1997
Misunderstandings about Inhalers
Authors: Ambrose A. Chiang, Jin-Chuan Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: Incorrect use of metered-dose inhalers continues to be a problem in clinical practice. Although misuse is commonly related to poor coordination between actuation and inhalation, failure to inhale slowly, or inadequate holding of breath, patients occasionally misuse their inhalers in unusual ways. The following cases are examples. Patient 1 was a 62-year-old man with a recent diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung disease who came to our clinic reporting shortness of breath and lack of effect of his β-adrenergic-receptor agonist metered-dose inhaler. He stated that he had been given the inhaler for the first time two weeks earlier . . .
'Please Pass the Roach Poison' Again
Authors: Michael Kleerekoper
Journal: JAMA (1992)

"Reduce hip fractures among people aged 65 and older sothat hospitalizations for this condition are no more than 607 per 100000. (Baseline: 714 per 100000 in 1988)"<sup>1</sup> This terse directive to the health care and lay communities alike acknowledges hip fractures as a major community health problem. It also emphasizes the significant potential for reduction in the incidence of these fractures, provided adequate attention is given to controllable risk factors. The challenge to all of us is to identify these factors, with an emphasis on those that are most cost-effective. See also p 746. Several studies have demonstrated that 5 to 10 years of estrogen replacement for perimenopausal women will reduce the incidence of hip and other osteoporotic fractures by as much as 50%.<sup>2</sup>While it is currently my practice to prescribe estrogen to all perimenopausal women in whom there is no contraindication, there is still considerable debate
PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID PRODUCTION BY STAPHYLOCOCCI
Authors: Wesley W. Spink, Lemuel D. Wright, Jean J. Vivino, Helen R. Skeggs
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1944)

1. Strains of staphylococci produce diazotizable materials which can be converted to a dye, and the intensity of the color reaction can be quantitated in the same manner as p-aminobenzoic acid. The sulfonamide-resistant strains which we have studied produce more diazotizable substance than non-resistant strains. 2. The development of a color by the diazotizable substance can be inhibited by exposing the substance to a soil bacillus (Mirick) specifically adapted to oxidize PABA. 3. The diazotizable substance produced by staphylococci inhibits the anti-staphylococcic action of sodium sulfathiazole to approximately the same degree as equivalent amounts of pure p-aminobenzoic acid. 4. Two microbiological methods for assaying p-aminobenzoic acid were employed for quantitating the amount of this material produced by staphylococci. In general, the sulfonamide-resistant strains produced more p-aminobenzoic acid than the sulfonamide-sensitive strains. The inconstant results obtained with these biological assays are discussed.
First Global Conference on Medical Education
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

EXTENDING the concerns of medical education beyond the traditional pattern and "onto new terrain of health and social development" was the aim of a first-ever meeting held this summer in Rockford, Ill. At the Global Conference on International Collaboration on Medical Education and Practice, John H. Bryant, MD, a noted medical educator and chair of the Department of Community Health Sciences at The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, discussed the interface between medical education and practice and the health care of populations. One of Bryant's theses, which he strongly stated and others reiterated, is that training physicians simply to treat individual patients who present in the office or hospital is not going to get the global health care job done anymore. A broader view, which has gained force in the 16 years since it was set forth, is informed by the ethical principles designating health a basic human right embraced
Characterization of vasopressin actions in isolated submucosal arterioles of the intestinal microcirculation.
Authors: S Vanner, M M Jiang, V L Brooks, A Surprenant
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Submucosal arterioles are the final resistance vessels of the mesenteric circulation; they supply intestinal mucosa and smooth muscle and contribute significantly to total mesenteric resistance. Characterization of receptors present on submucosal arterioles has not been carried out, because these vessels have not been accessible to study by previous methods. We have used a novel optical method for on-line tracking of outside diameter from in vitro preparations of submucosal arterioles in the ileum and colon of guinea pigs, rabbits, and humans to characterize the vasoconstrictor responses to vasopressin as well as other vasopressor agents along the gastrointestinal tract. All ileal submucosal arterioles showed smoothly graded constrictor responses, whereas colonic arterioles from each species exhibited rhythmic vasoconstrictions. Vasopressin constricted guinea pig and human submucosal arterioles (EC50, 1 nM) by activating classical V1 receptors; dissociation equilibrium constants (Kd) for the V1 antagonist d(CH2)5 Tyr (Me) arginine vasopressin were 1-3 nM. This antagonist was 10-50-fold more potent in inhibiting vasopressin constrictions in rabbit submucosal arterioles (Kd = 0.05-0.1 nM). No evidence for the presence of V2 receptors was obtained in any arteriole, and no significant differences in the alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated constrictions were observed in these vessels. Results from this study suggest the presence of heterogeneity of V1 receptors in submucosal arterioles; these differences appear to be species dependent. Our results also suggest that intrinsic vasoconstrictor properties of submucosal arterioles differ along the length of the gastrointestinal tract; these differences appear to be species independent.
An MLCK-dependent window in late G1 controls S phase entry of proliferating rodent hepatocytes via ERK-p70S6K pathway
Authors: Anne Bessard, Alexandre Coutant, Claude Rescan, Frédéric Ezan, Christophe Frémin, Brice Courselaud, Gennady Ilyin, Georges Baffet
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

We show that MLCK (myosin light chain kinase) plays a key role in cell cycle progression of hepatocytes: either chemical inhibitor ML7 or RNA interference led to blockade of cyclin D1 expression and DNA replication, providing evidence that MLCK regulated S phase entry. Conversely, inhibition of RhoK by specific inhibitor Y27632 or RhoK dominant-negative vector did not influence progression in late G1 and S phase entry. Inhibition of either MLCK or RhoK did not block ERK1/2 phosphorylation, whereas MLCK regulated ERK2-dependent p70S6K activation. In addition, DNA synthesis was reduced in hepatocytes treated with p70S6K siRNA, demonstrating the key role played by the kinase in S phase entry. Interestingly, after the G1/S transition, DNA replication in S phase was no longer dependent on MLCK activity. We strengthened this result by ex vivo experiments and evidenced an MLCK-dependent window in late G1 phase of regenerating liver after two-thirds partial hepatectomy. In conclusion , our results underline an MLCK-dependent restriction point in G1/S transition, occurring downstream of ERK2 through the regulation of p70S6K activation, and highlighting a new signaling pathway critical for hepatocyte proliferation.
Living Systematic Reviews: An Emerging Opportunity to Narrow the Evidence-Practice Gap
Authors: Julian H. Elliott, Tari Turner, Ornella Clavisi, James Thomas, Julian P. T. Higgins, Chris Mavergames, Russell L. Gruen
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

The current difficulties in keeping systematic reviews up to date leads to considerable inaccuracy, hampering the translation of knowledge into action. Incremental advances in conventional review updating are unlikely to lead to substantial improvements in review currency. A new approach is needed. We propose living systematic review as a contribution to evidence synthesis that combines currency with rigour to enhance the accuracy and utility of health evidence. Living systematic reviews are high quality, up-to-date online summaries of health research, updated as new research becomes available, and enabled by improved production efficiency and adherence to the norms of scholarly communication. Together with innovations in primary research reporting and the creation and use of evidence in health systems, living systematic review contributes to an emerging evidence ecosystem.