tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Lithium Carbonate and Chlorpromazine in Mania
Authors: STANLEY R. PLATMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

Thirteen manic patients were treated with lithium carbonate and ten manic patients with chlorpromazine in a double-blind, randomly selected drug trial. Lithium carbonate proved superior to chlorpromazine on all six parameters selected from an objective rating scale. The author discusses the problems militating against a valid research trial utilizing these medications in this type of patient.
Comparative Effectiveness of Pharmacologic Treatments to Prevent Fractures
Authors: Carolyn J. Crandall, Sydne J. Newberry, Allison Diamant, Yee-Wei Lim, Walid F. Gellad, Marika J. Booth, Aneesa Motala, Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Osteoporosis is a major contributor to the propensity to fracture among older adults, and various pharmaceuticals are available to treat it.To update a review about the benefits and harms of pharmacologic treatments used to prevent fractures in adults at risk.Multiple computerized databases were searched between 2 January 2005 and 4 March 2014 for English-language studies.Trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews.Duplicate extraction and assessment of data about study characteristics, outcomes, and quality.From more than 52 000 titles screened, 315 articles were included in this update. There is high-strength evidence that bisphosphonates, denosumab, and teriparatide reduce fractures compared with placebo, with relative risk reductions from 0.40 to 0.60 for vertebral fractures and 0.60 to 0.80 for nonvertebral fractures. Raloxifene has been shown in placebo-controlled trials to reduce only vertebral fractures. Since 2007, there is a newly recognized adverse event of bisphosphonate use: atypical subtrochanteric femur fracture. Gastrointestinal side effects, hot flashes, thromboembolic events, and infections vary among drugs.Few studies have directly compared drugs used to treat osteoporosis. Data in men are very sparse. Costs were not assessed.Good-quality evidence supports that several medications for bone density in osteoporotic range and/or preexisting hip or vertebral fracture reduce fracture risk. Side effects vary among drugs, and the comparative effectiveness of the drugs is unclear.Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and RAND Corporation.
Peritumoral indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase expression in melanoma: an early marker of resistance to immune control?
Authors: I. Chevolet, R. Speeckaert, M. Haspeslagh, B. Neyns, V. Krüse, M. Schreuer, M. Van Gele, N. Van Geel, L. Brochez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an emerging immunomodulating factor in cancer. IDO expression in tumour-negative sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) of patients with melanoma has a negative prognostic value.To analyse the expression pattern of IDO and associated immunological changes in corresponding primary melanomas (PMs), SLNs and metastases.In 120 patients with melanoma, PMs with corresponding SLNs (n = 85) and metastases (n = 18) were analysed by immunohistochemical staining for IDO and FoxP3. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were scored. IDO expression in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analysed in 27 patients.IDO expression in the sentinel node strongly correlated with endothelial IDO expression in the peritumoral stroma of the corresponding primary (P < 0·001) and metastatic melanoma (P < 0·05). Sentinel IDO positivity was inversely correlated with CD8+ lymphocytes (P = 0·01) and TILs (P = 0·05) in PM. Both IDO expression in the sentinel (P < 0·01) and the PM (P = 0·04) had a negative prognostic effect on overall survival, independent of Breslow thickness, sex, age, ulceration and sentinel invasion. IDO expression by PBMCs after stimulation with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 was not correlated with sentinel IDO expression but tended to correlate with disease stage (P = 0·04).Endothelial IDO expression is highly consistent in primary, sentinel and metastatic tissues of patients with melanoma, indicating that immune suppression in melanoma is determined very early in the disease course. This supports that IDO expression in melanoma is a marker of antitumour immune response with an independent prognostic value.
Simvastatin Reduces Neointimal Thickening After Experimental Angioplasty
Authors: Ciro Indolfi, Antonio Curcio, Massimo Chiariello
Journal: Circulation (2003)

To the Editor:We read with interest the study by Chen and associates that showed that simvastatin reduces neointimal proliferation in mice after vascular injury in a cholesterol-independent manner. 1 However, we already documented this finding in vitro and in vivo in a previous article. 2n fact, it has been documented that simvastatin inhibits in vitro smooth muscle cell proliferation independent of cholesterol. 2In addition, in vivo experiments have shown that statins potently affect neointimal proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in a reliable model of balloon injury in the rat. 2 This effect was abolished by local administration of mevalonate. 2 We are delighted that the study of Chen et al confirms, 1 in genetically modified mice, our findings. 2ith regard to the potential mechanism of statin on neointimal proliferation, we previously discussed a key role of ras pathway in neointimal proliferation after balloon injury. 3Recently, we also showed that statins powerfully inhibit ras farnesilation and activation. 4Therefore, statin-induced Ras-MAPKKs pathway inhibition may play a critical role in the effect of simvastatin on neointimal formation after vascular injury.
Analysis of T cell subsets and beta chemokines in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: K. Iida, J. Kadota, K. Kawakami, Y. Matsubara, R. Shirai, S. Kohno
Journal: Thorax (1997)

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown origin characterised by accumulation of T lymphocytes and macrophages in multiple organs. Several cytokines and adhesion molecules may contribute to the accumulation of T lymphocytes in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The distribution of T lymphocyte subsets, T cell bearing CD11a and beta chemokines such as regulated on activation normal T expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory peptide 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), and macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood were compared in untreated patients with sarcoidosis and normal subjects.Flow cytometric analysis with monoclonal antibodies to cell surface antigens was used to identify T lymphocyte subsets in the BAL fluid of untreated patients with sarcoidosis (n = 40)--either without (group A, n = 12) or with (group B, n = 28) radiological evidence of pulmonary involvement--and in 22 normal subjects. The level of different beta chemokines was estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).A high percentage of CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells expressing HLA-DR antigen, and a high CD4/CD8 ratio were detected in the BAL fluid of patients compared with normal subjects. In particular, CD4+ CD29+ memory T cells were significantly increased in patients with sarcoidosis. Furthermore, these cells were higher in those in group B than group A. The level of RANTES in the BAL fluid of patients was significantly higher than in normal subjects and correlated well with the percentage, number, and expression of CD29 on CD4 cells. The expression of CD11a (alpha chain of lymphocyte function associated antigen-1, LFA-1) on CD3+ cells in the BAL fluid of patients with sarcoidosis was not different from that of normal subjects. However, the expression of CD11a on CD3+ cells in the BAL fluid of patients in group A was significantly lower than that of patients in group B and normal subjects.These results suggest a possible interaction between activated memory T cells bearing CD11a and RANTES which may contribute to the pulmonary involvement in patients with sarcoidosis.
THE PRODUCTION OF IMMUNITY TO TUBERCULOSIS IN MAN AND ANIMALS
Authors: N. Raw
Journal: BMJ (1929)

THz BRZnsH-properly contr olled by x ray, we are possessed of an in- valuable method of diagnosis in cases of steirility, far suiperior to any previouLs technique.Its oilly contraindica- tions aire seltic cervicitis or1 pregpancy, and the latter is quite disregarded by Hueser,'1 but BIilrec4 advises against using this method of diagnosis owing to the bad effects of tlhe x rays (not the lipiodol) on tho pregnancy.Apart from sterility, I think it is a useful, but by no mleans necessary, adjunct to diagnosis, for the reason that a pelvic tumour usually calls for operation, and the mis- taken diagnosis of a fibroid for a parovarian cyst is of smrall moment to the patient, however alnnoying it mnay be to the surgeoll concerned.
Swept along by the tide
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Do health managers read the BMJ ? A member of our editorial board tells me that an otherwise evidence-free meeting of senior healthcare managers was illuminated by someone brandishing recent BMJ articles on primary care and deprivation. Whether they changed the outcome of the meeting he does not relate, but I will use this opportunity to tell authors that the BMJ is keenly interested in publishing research that will help improve healthcare systems—variously called effectiveness research, quality improvement, or implementation science.

Faced with imperfect delivery of health care, it's natural to want to change …
THE INTRAVENOUS DRIP
Authors: W. Forest Dutton
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> There appears to be some controversy as to priority in the use of the intravenous drip. I have been intensely interested in intravenous therapy during the past thirty years. Dr. Rudolph Matas read a paper on "Continued Intravenous Drip" at a meeting of the American Surgical Association held at Rochester, Minn., in 1923, which was published in the transactions of the association for that year and in the<i>Annals of Surgery</i>(<b>79:</b>643 [May] 1924). In that paper he reported cases in which he applied the method as far back as April 1913 and even before that date. It was my pleasure to observe the use of the continuous intravenous drip under Dr. Matas's service while visiting the Touro Infirmary and Charity Hospitals, New Orleans, in January 1914. It has been in current use in these institutions since 1923, where it is usually designated as the "Matas
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Patients without Daytime Sleepiness
Authors: Lawrence E. Kline
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Letters3 September 2002Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Patients without Daytime SleepinessLawrence E. Kline, DO and Arthur Dawson, MDLawrence E. Kline, DOScripps Clinic; La Jolla, CA 92037Search for more papers by this author and Arthur Dawson, MDScripps Clinic; La Jolla, CA 92037Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-5_Part_1-200209030-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Barbé and colleagues (1) described 55 patients with sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index > 30) without subjective sleepiness (score ≤ 10 on the Epworth sleepiness questionnaire) who did not benefit from continuous positive airway pressure. The patients were divided into “optimally treated” and “sham treated” groups. Neither group showed any significant improvement in sleep latency time (according to scores on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test [MSLT]) or in measures of quality of life and cognitive function.Inspection of Barbé and colleagues' Figure 2 shows that 21 of the 55 patients had an abnormally short MSLT score of less ...References1. Barbé F, Mayoralas LR, Duran J, Masa JF, Maimó A, Montserrat JM, et al . Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure is not effective in patients with sleep apnea but no daytime sleepiness. a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:1015-23. [PMID: 11388814] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Engleman HM, Cheshire KE, Deary IJ, Douglas NJ. Daytime sleepiness, cognitive performance and mood after continuous positive airway pressure for the sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. Thorax. 1993;48:911-4. [PMID: 8236074] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Scripps Clinic; La Jolla, CA 92037 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Is Not Effective in Patients with Sleep Apnea but No Daytime Sleepiness Ferran Barbé , Lola R. Mayoralas , Joaquin Duran , Juan F. Masa , Andreu Maimó , Josep M. Montserrat , Carmen Monasterio , Margalida Bosch , Antoni Ladaria , Manuela Rubio , Ramon Rubio , Magdalena Medinas , Lourdes Hernandez , Silvia Vidal , Neil J. Douglas , and Alvar G.N. Agustí Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Patients without Daytime Sleepiness Ferran Barbé , Lola R. Mayoralas , and Alvar G.N. Agusti Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Patients without Daytime Sleepiness Ferran Barbé , Lola R. Mayoralas , and Alvar G.N. Agusti Metrics 3 September 2002Volume 137, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 369-370KeywordsCognitionContinuous positive airway pressureQuality of lifeQuestionnairesSleepSleep apnea ePublished: 3 September 2002 Issue Published: 3 September 2002 CopyrightCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY ARTERY ANEURYSM FORMATION AS A COMPLICATION OF DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION: THE RESULTS OF 3 YEAR SERIAL ANGIOGRAPHIC FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Ung Kim, Dong-Kie Kim, Sang-Hoon Seol, Tae-Hyun Yang, Dae-Kyeong Kim, Doo-Il Kim, Dong-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Diminished support for linkage between manic depressive illness and X–chromosome markers in three Israeli pedigrees
Authors: Miron Baron, Nelson F. Freimer, Neil Risch, Bernard Lerer, Joyce R. Alexander, Richard E. Straub, Susha Asokan, Kamna Das, Amy Peterson, Jean Amos, Jean Endicott, Jurg Ott, T. Conrad Gilliam
Journal: Nature Genetics (1993)
Institutional research misconduct
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

It is now more than 18 months since the UK's General Medical Council found Andrew Wakefield guilty of dishonesty and other serious professional misconduct 1 ; and it is nearly a year since the BMJ concluded that his now retracted Lancet paper linking the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine with autism and bowel disease was an "elaborate fraud." 2 3 At that time, January 2011, we called on Wakefield's former employer, University College London (UCL), to establish an inquiry into the scandal.Ten months on, no inquiry has been announced.Our coverage in January showed how Wakefield manufactured the appearance of a link between the vaccine and regressive autism while employed by lawyers trying to build a case against the MMR vaccine, 4 and while negotiating extraordinary commercial schemes that would succeed only if confidence in the vaccine was damaged. 5 The articles, by investigative journalist Brian Deer, also showed that the conflicts of interest were not confined to Wakefield.They drew in his then employer, the Royal Free hospital and medical school.Now part of University College London, the Royal Free issued public statements of support for national immunisation policy while privately holding business meetings with Wakefield over purported diagnostic kits, single vaccines, and autism products meant to be sold on the back of the vaccine crisis.
Synthesis and radiolabeling of heterocyclic food mutagens.
Authors: H Rapoport, A L Waterhouse, C M Thompson, J F O'Connell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The imidazoquinoline and imidazoquinoxaline food mutagens found in cooked meat are being synthesized by unambiguous methods that allow for the preparation of sufficient quantities of material for biological studies. These methods avoid difficult separations of regioisomeric mixtures of products and are designed to allow incorporation of specific high level tritium labeling.
Health, wealth, and air pollution: advancing theory and methods.
Authors: Marie S O'Neill, Michael Jerrett, Ichiro Kawachi, Jonathan I Levy, Aaron J Cohen, Nelson Gouveia, Paul Wilkinson, Tony Fletcher, Luis Cifuentes, Joel Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

The effects of both ambient air pollution and socioeconomic position (SEP) on health are well documented. A limited number of recent studies suggest that SEP may itself play a role in the epidemiology of disease and death associated with exposure to air pollution. Together with evidence that poor and working-class communities are often more exposed to air pollution, these studies have stimulated discussion among scientists, policy makers, and the public about the differential distribution of the health impacts from air pollution. Science and public policy would benefit from additional research that integrates the theory and practice from both air pollution and social epidemiologies to gain a better understanding of this issue. In this article we aim to promote such research by introducing readers to methodologic and conceptual approaches in the fields of air pollution and social epidemiology; by proposing theories and hypotheses about how air pollution and socioeconomic factors may interact to influence health, drawing on studies conducted worldwide; by discussing methodologic issues in the design and analysis of studies to determine whether health effects of exposure to ambient air pollution are modified by SEP; and by proposing specific steps that will advance knowledge in this field, fill information gaps, and apply research results to improve public health in collaboration with affected communities.
Studies Utilizing the Portable Electromagnetic Ballistocardiograph
Authors: HARRY MANDELBAUM, ROBERT A. MANDELBAUM
Journal: Circulation (1951)

A practical method of ballistocardiography, easily adaptable to routine office use, is described. The instrument utilized is a portable electromagnetic ballistocardiograph which records the body movements directly. One hundred normal subjects of all ages were first studied by this method. Observations upon the ballistocardiographic findings in patients with hypertensive and coronary artery heart disease are recorded; particular emphasis is placed upon a specific abnormality in the HIJK complex in the ballistocardiograms of many of these subjects.
Oxidative stress, KLF6 and transforming growth factor-β up-regulation differentiate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progressing to fibrosis from uncomplicated steatosis in rats
Authors: Peter Stärkel, Christine Sempoux, Isabelle Leclercq, Michel Herin, C Deby, Jean-Pierre Desager, Yves Horsmans
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Preoperative Lateralization of ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Microadenomas by Bilateral and Simultaneous Inferior Petrosal Venous Sinus Sampling
Authors: Oldfield Eh, Chrousos Gp, Schulte Hm, Schaaf M, McKeever Pe, Krudy Ag, Cutler Gb, Loriaux Dl, Doppman Jl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Medical Intelligence from The New England Journal of Medicine — Preoperative Lateralization of ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Microadenomas by Bilateral and Simultaneous Inferior Petrosal Venous Sinus Sampling
Food elimination based on IgG antibodies in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: W Atkinson
Journal: Gut (2004)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 estimated the worldwide health burden of 291 diseases and injuries and 67 risk factors by calculating disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Osteoporosis was not considered as a disease, and bone mineral density (BMD) was analysed as a risk factor for fractures, which formed part of the health burden due to falls. <h3>Objectives</h3> To calculate (1) the global distribution of BMD, (2) its population attributable fraction (PAF) for fractures and subsequently for falls, and (3) the number of DALYs due to BMD. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review was performed seeking population-based studies in which BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the femoral neck in people aged 50 years and over. Age- and sex-specific mean ± SD BMD values (g/cm<sup>2</sup>) were extracted from eligible studies. Comparative risk assessment methodology was used to calculate PAFs of BMD for fractures. The theoretical minimum risk exposure distribution was estimated as the age- and sex-specific 90th centile from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Relative risks of fractures were obtained from a previous meta-analysis. Hospital data were used to calculate the fraction of the health burden of falls that was due to fractures. <h3>Results</h3> Global deaths and DALYs attributable to low BMD increased from 103 000 and 3 125 000 in 1990 to 188 000 and 5 216 000 in 2010, respectively. The percentage of low BMD in the total global burden almost doubled from 1990 (0.12%) to 2010 (0.21%). Around one-third of falls-related deaths were attributable to low BMD. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Low BMD is responsible for a growing global health burden, only partially representative of the real burden of osteoporosis.
Methyldopa-Induced Submassive Hepatic Necrosis
Authors: Obaid U. Rehman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A 51-year-old woman developed jaundice after two separate administrations of methyldopa. The second administration resulted in submassive hepatic necrosis. This unfortunate fatality resulted from a reaction that, as heretofore reported, has been less severe with this particular drug.
Efficacy of Sublingual Immunotherapy
Authors: Heleen Moed, Esther Röder, Patrick Bindels
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypertension Following Renal Transplantation
Authors: Paul K. Whelton
Journal: JAMA (1979)

During a five-year period, we studied 21 of 319 renal transplant recipients who were admitted for evaluation of refractory hypertension. For comparison we examined 93 consecutive patients in the renal transplant clinic. Hypertension, which was noted in 47% of the outpatients, occurred with greater frequency following renal transplantation from cadaveric donors and was associated with a decline in renal function. The 21 inpatients had higher blood pressures and were studied at an earlier stage than their outpatient counterparts. Fourteen of the inpatients had underlying stenosis of their transplant artery nd revascularization of the transplanted kidney was possible in the majority of these patients. Stenosis of the transplant artery was suggested by the occurrence of severe hypertension during the first year following transplantation, a bruit in the transplant region, and increased levels of peripheral plasma renin activity.