tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Books: Unauthorized Freud: Doubters Confront A Legend Freud 2000
Authors: D. Healy
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Ed Frederick Crews Viking Press, £20, pp 301 ISBN 0 670 87221 0 Ed Anthony Elliott Polity Press, £13.95, pp 308 ISBN 0 7456 1909 6 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>,![Graphic][4]</img>![Graphic][5]</img> It started in the 1970s. At first, the outcome seemed unpredictable. The latest high tech weapons pitched against a wily adversary with mysterious weapons of unknown lethality. But in the end the result was clear. Repeated attacks by Roazen, Ellenberger, Swales, Sulloway, Cioffi, Masson, and others put the issue beyond doubt. Before the end it was almost like a turkey shoot. Fatefully, perhaps, the victors did not press home their advantage to the full. They withdrew, leaving the defeated analysts … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif
Doctors now able to diagnose sleep apnoea from ECGs
Authors: D. Payne
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Irish researchers have developed software that enables doctors to diagnose sleep apnoea from electrocardiograms (ECGs). The process could lead to cheaper diagnosis of the sleep disturbance condition.

The research was carried out at the departments of electrical and electronic engineering, and anatomy and physiology at University College Dublin, under the auspices of the university's life sciences research body, the Conway Institute.

Sleep apnoea affects as many as 5% of adults and occurs when the soft tissue of the upper airway droops or collapses during sleep, causing loud snoring and the blockage of the airway. This can occur several hundred times an hour in severe cases and results in excessive—sometimes uncontrolled—daytime sleepiness, depression, irritability, loss of memory, lack of energy, and a higher risk of car and workplace accidents. People with the condition also tend to have a higher incidence of high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, and arrhythmias.

Currently, diagnosis entails visits to a sleep laboratory for measurement of airflow, heart and brain activity, blood pressure, and blood oxygen. The cost is about £600 ($840) a visit, and waiting lists are generally long both for initial diagnosis and for subsequent visits to organise treatment. Patients are supplied with devices that deliver continuous positive airway pressure to keep the airway open during sleep.

The work by University College Dublin involves diagnosis based only on electrocardiography performed during sleep. This is cheaper, involves fewer measurements, and is less disruptive to the patient than the existing methods of diagnosis. The group showed that low frequency fluctuations in the characteristics of the recorded heart signal were different during normal breathing and episodes of apnoea.

The work was presented at the computers in cardiology conference, held in Boston, Massachusetts, in September.

Dr Richard Reilly, one of three lead researchers on the project, said:  The mathematics of the processing of the electronic signals is what is so new [about the research] and they have proved quite reliable in predicting who might have apnoea.

We were able, in conjunction with the Boston event, to look at ECG records for a number of patients who had been diagnosed by experts. We achieved a 90% accuracy rate. The university's patent office is looking at commercial possibilities.
Enhancing Endocrine Therapy for Hormone Receptor–Positive Advanced Breast Cancer: Cotargeting Signaling Pathways
Authors: Stephen R. D. Johnston
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

Overcoming primary or secondary endocrine resistance in breast cancer remains critical to further enhancing the benefit of existing therapies such as tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor (AI). Much progress has been made in understanding the molecular biology associated with secondary endocrine resistance. Cotargeting the estrogen receptor, together with various key intracellular proliferation and cell survival signaling pathways, has been explored as a strategy either to treat endocrine resistance once it develops in the second-line setting or to enhance first-line endocrine responsiveness by preventing secondary resistance from developing via blockade of specific pathways from the outset. While attempts to improve endocrine therapy by adding growth factor inhibitors have been disappointing, success resulting in new drug approvals has been seen in secondary endocrine resistance by treating patients with the mTOR antagonist everolimus in combination with the AI exemestane and, more recently, in the first-line setting, by the addition of the CDK 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib to the AI letrozole. Numerous other therapeutics are being evaluated in combination with endocrine therapies based on supportive preclinical evidence, including inhibitors of PI3K, Akt, HDAC, Src, IGFR-1, and FGFR. Appropriate clinical trial design and patient selection based on prior therapy exposure, together with predictive biomarkers derived through real-time molecular profiling, are needed to enrich future trials and maximize any additional benefit that cotargeting may bring to current endocrine therapies for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
A tiered approach for assessing children's exposure.
Authors: T W Armstrong, L J Hushka, J G Tell, R T Zaleski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Recently, intense attention has been given to children's health issues, particularly in the use of consumer products. Because of this attention, researchers have been planning and initiating studies specifically aimed at developing both toxicology data and exposure data directed to improve our understanding of industrial and consumer product chemical impacts on children's health. To ensure that this research is focused on the highest priority chemicals, we present a methodology for determining and prioritizing the higher hazard chemicals and scenarios for which children could be disproportionately or highly exposed. This tiered approach includes a screening step for initial chemical selection, a hazard assessment based on no- or lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels, and a margin of exposure (MOE) calculation. The initial chemical screen focuses on the chemical presence in specific media that are special to children, such as foods children regularly eat and drink, residential or school air, products children use, and soil and dust in and around residences. Data from the literature or from models serve as the initial exposure estimate. This methodology would allow us to focus on those chemicals to which children are most exposed that are also associated with, potentially, the highest risk. Use of the MOE calculation allows for comparison among chemicals, prioritization of chemicals for evaluation and testing, and identification of significant data gaps.
Hybrid Cardiac Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging With Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Multidetector Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography for the Assessment of Unstable Angina Pectoris After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Eduard Ghersin, Zohar Keidar, Shmuel Rispler, Diana Litmanovich, Rachel Bar-Shalom, Ariel Roguin, Adrian Soil, Ora Israel, Ahuva Engel
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Glatiramer acetate delayed conversion to multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndrome
Authors: J.E. Rick Paulseth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Comi G, Martinelli V, Rodegher M, et al. Effect of glatiramer acetate on conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (PreCISe study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;374:1503-11. 19815268
CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF AFRICAN HISTOPLASMOSIS ADETOKUNBO O. LUCAS
Authors: ADETOKUNBO O. LUCAS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— Involvement of the skin is a frequent feature of African histoplasmosis. The skin lesions may represent the sole manifestation of the disease or they may be part of widely disseminated involvement of various organs. Three main types of skin lesions are encountered: (a) Superficial cutaneous granuloma, (b) Subcutaneous granuloma and abscess, (c) Osteomyelitic lesions with secondary involvement of the skin. The characteristic features of the skin lesions, and the differential diagnosis from other dermatological conditions are described. The diagnosis can be made on clinical examination of a typical case and it can be confirmed by microscopic examination of the exudate, by histological examination of the biopsy material, and by culture of the organism.
Accurate Classification of Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Using a Novel MicroRNA-Based Approach
Authors: Justin A. Bishop, Hila Benjamin, Hila Cholakh, Ayelet Chajut, Douglas P. Clark, William H. Westra
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Advances in targeted lung cancer therapy now demand accurate classification of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MicroRNAs (miRNA) are recently discovered short, noncoding genes that play essential roles in tissue differentiation during normal development and tumorigenesis. For example, hsa-miR-205 is a miRNA that is highly expressed in lung squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC) but not in lung adenocarcinomas. The differential expression of miRNAs could be exploited to distinguish these tumor types. Experimental Design: One hundred and two resected NSCLCs were classified as SqCC or adenocarcinoma based on their histologic features and immunohistochemical profiles. Corresponding preoperative biopsies/aspirates that had been originally diagnosed as poorly differentiated NSCLCs were available for 21 cases. A quantitative reverse transcription-PCR diagnostic assay that measures the expression level of hsa-miR-205 was used to classify the carcinomas as SqCC or adenocarcinoma based solely on expression levels. The two sets of diagnoses were compared. Results: Using standard pathologic methods of classification (i.e., microscopy and immunohistochemistry), 52 resected lung carcinomas were classified as SqCCs and 50 as adenocarcinomas. There was 100% concordance between the diagnoses established by conventional and miRNA-based methods. MiRNA profiling also correctly classified 20 of the 21 preoperative biopsy specimens. Conclusions: MiRNA profiling is a highly reliable strategy for classifying NSCLCs. Indeed, classification is consistently accurate even in small biopsies/aspirates of poorly differentiated tumors. Confirmation of its reliability across the full range of tumor grades and specimen types represents an important step toward broad application. Clin Cancer Res; 16(2); 610–9
NI-33 * THIRD VENTRICULAR GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: O. R. Hariri, S. Farr, R. Gupta, A. J. Bieber, C. Corsino, D. Miulli, J. Siddiqi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) typically presents in the supratentorial white matter, commonly within the centrum semiovale as a ring-enhancing lesion with areas of necrosis. An atypical presentation of this lesion, both anatomically as well as radiographically is significant and must be part of the differential for a neoplasm in this location. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a case of a sixty-two year old female with headaches, increasing somnolence and cognitive decline for several weeks. The MRI showed mild left ventricular dilatation with a well-marginated, homogenous, and non-hemorrhagic lesion located at the ceiling of the third ventricle within the junction of the septum pellucidum (SP) and fornix, without exhibiting the typical radiographic features of hemorrhage or necrosis. Final pathology reports confirmed the diagnosis of GBM. CONCLUSION: This case report describes an unusual location for the most common primary brain neoplasm. Moreover, this case identifies the origin of a GBM related to the paracentral ventricular structures infiltrating the body of the fornix and leaves of the septum pellucidum. To our knowledge this is report is the first reported case of a GBM found in this anatomical location with an entirely atypical radiographic presentation.
Oh, dura dear! What can the mater be?
Authors: K Weber
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Elizabeth Conrad and the children had eagerly awaited the Mediterranean cruise that would take them to Greece and the Greek Isles.Theodore Conrad had been invited to lecture in Athens and this would mean opportunities to visit the Acropolis, Parthenon and Agora; then traveling to Rhodes to see its Colossus, the Asclepion, a renowned center of healing, and finally Kos, the birthplace of Hippocrates, the father of medicine.They would cruise the Archipelago and perhaps the Adriatic Sea as well.The day of their journey had arrived and their anticipation buoyed even further by the splendor of the cruise ship and its many offerings.They departed on Tuesday, June 10, 1992.Seated in one of the ship's dining rooms, the Conrads enjoyed a panoramic view of Italy's coastline as they shared a champagne toast prior to dinner.Elizabeth remarked that it would be good to meet up with their dear friend Dominic in Athens.Dominic Marconi, an endocrinologist in Genoa, had become their close friend during his residency training in the States.Dinner featured a broad array of fine fish and was complemented by the elegant flavors of a vintage port and creamy gorgonzola.Theodore remarked that the mention of his friend's name brought back a memory of an interesting case Dominic had shared with him whey they last met.Elizabeth smiled and grasped Theodore's hand.''Will this be another Conrad Conundra?''Theodore nodded.''And what will it be called?''she asked.In a singsong voice he announced, ''Oh, dura dear!What can the mater be?''The children burst out laughing at the familiar sounding melody of the nursery.Another voyage into a public health dilemma followed.
A Cationic Nanoemulsion for the Delivery of Next-generation RNA Vaccines
Authors: Luis A Brito, Michelle Chan, Christine A Shaw, Armin Hekele, Thomas Carsillo, Mary Schaefer, Jacob Archer, Anja Seubert, Gillis R Otten, Clayton W Beard, Antu K Dey, Anders Lilja, Nicholas M Valiante, Peter W Mason, Christian W Mandl, Susan W Barnett, Philip R Dormitzer, Jeffrey B Ulmer, Manmohan Singh, Derek T O'Hagan, Andrew J Geall
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Nucleic acid-based vaccines such as viral vectors, plasmid DNA, and mRNA are being developed as a means to address a number of unmet medical needs that current vaccine technologies have been unable to address. Here, we describe a cationic nanoemulsion (CNE) delivery system developed to deliver a self-amplifying mRNA vaccine. This nonviral delivery system is based on Novartis's proprietary adjuvant MF59, which has an established clinical safety profile and is well tolerated in children, adults, and the elderly. We show that nonviral delivery of a 9 kb self-amplifying mRNA elicits potent immune responses in mice, rats, rabbits, and nonhuman primates comparable to a viral delivery technology, and demonstrate that, relatively low doses (75 µg) induce antibody and T-cell responses in primates. We also show the CNE-delivered self-amplifying mRNA enhances the local immune environment through recruitment of immune cells similar to an MF59 adjuvanted subunit vaccine. Lastly, we show that the site of protein expression within the muscle and magnitude of protein expression is similar to a viral vector. Given the demonstration that self-amplifying mRNA delivered using a CNE is well tolerated and immunogenic in a variety of animal models, we are optimistic about the prospects for this technology.
Comparison of accuracy of digital and standard mercury thermometers.
Authors: K J Collins, A N Exton-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1983)

muscular 29 year old man, was admitted with a high body temperature, tachycardia, and peripheral circulatory failure with a metabolic acidosis.Over the next six hours the metabolic acidosis progressed and he developed wide- spread haemorrhages in muscle and in mucous membranes and skin.On further inquiry we note he was found to have hypertonicity of muscles and hyperreflexia.Also, just before the terminal cardiac arrest he was severely acidotic with a pH of 7 08 and a base excess of -19 7. The serum lactate concentration at that time was raised at 2 9 mmol/l (26-1 mg/100 ml) (normal 1-8 mmol/l (16 2 mg/100 ml)).We believe that malignant hyperpyrexia could explain the clinical findings.This diagnosis carries an important therapeutic implication, as dantrolene has been shown to be effective in treating this condition.
CHARACTERIZING THE “NON-RESPONDER” TO NT-PROBNP GUIDED HEART FAILURE TREATMENT: RESULTS FROM THE PROBNP OUTPATIENT TAILORED CHRONIC HEART FAILURE (PROTECT) STUDY
Authors: Han-Na Kim, Shafiq Rehman, Asim A. Mohammed, Anju Bhardwaj, Kimberly A. Parks, Dorothy A. Sullivan, Annabel Chen-Tournoux, Stephanie A. Moore, Justine A. Barajas, Linda J. Barajas, Rory B. Weiner, Aaron L. Baggish, Marc J. Semigran, James L. Januzzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Patients Whose First Episode of Bleeding Occurs While Taking a β-Blocker Have High Long-term Risks of Rebleeding and Death
Authors: Andrea Ribeiro de Souza, Vincenzo La Mura, Enric Reverter, Susana Seijo, Annalisa Berzigotti, Eyal Askenazhi, Juan Carlos García–Pagán, Juan G. Abraldes, Jaime Bosch
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2012)
Topical cyclosporin in oral lichen planus: a controlled, randomized, prospective trial
Authors: P. SIEG, H. DOMARUS, V. ZITZEWITZ, H. IVEN, L. FÄRBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The published studies of topical cyclosporin (CyA) therapy in chronic oral lichen planus (OLP) have shown conflicting results. We report an investigator‐blinded study of 13 patients with OLP, who were randomly assigned to treatment with CyA (500 mg as a swish‐and‐spit medication for 5 min three times daily) or a corticosteroid oral paste (triamcinolone acetonide). The duration of treatment was 6 weeks. Thereafter, patients on corticosteroid therapy were treated with CyA. Only slight, transient clinical improvement was observed in both groups after 6 weeks of treatment, compared with baseline. No significant differences could be demonstrated between the two groups. CyA therapy following corticosteroid treatment did not produce any further clinical improvement. During follow‐up of the disease for up to 1 year after treatment, neither the CyA nor the corticosteroid group exhibited long‐term improvement in disease activity. Contradictory results from earlier reports are discussed.
Dyssynchrony and the Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Valentina Kutyifa, Anne-Catherine Pouleur, Dorit Knappe, Amin Al-Ahmad, Michal Gibinski, Paul J. Wang, Scott McNitt, Bela Merkely, Ilan Goldenberg, Scott D. Solomon, Arthur J. Moss, Wojciech Zareba
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
The Yield of Chest Radiography in Febrile and Neutropenic Patients
Authors: MAXlNE S. JOCHELSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Brief Reports1 November 1986The Yield of Chest Radiography in Febrile and Neutropenic PatientsMAXlNE S. JOCHELSON, M.D., JOHN ALTSCHULER, M.D., PAUL C. STOMPER, M.D.MAXlNE S. JOCHELSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN ALTSCHULER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PAUL C. STOMPER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-5-708 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDue to the effects of payment based on diagnosis-related groups, the cost of inpatient care is being carefully scrutinized. Auxiliary services such as those provided by radiology and pathology departments are areas where over-use of services may go beyond reimbursable costs and therefore be a source of financial loss for the hospital. Although there is need for reduced use of services, it must be done without compromising patient care. Other authors have begun to evaluate the utility of some routine procedures such as admission chest roentgenograms ( 1 ), electrocardiograms (2), and microbiologic surveillance in patients with cancer with fever...References1. HUBBELLGREENFIELDTYLERCHETTYWYLE FSJKF. The impact of routine admission chest x-ray films on patient care. N Engl J Med. 1985;312:209-13. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MOORMANHLATKYEDDYWAGNER JMDG. The yield of the routine admission electrocardiogram: a study in a general medicine service. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:590-5. LinkGoogle Scholar3. KRAMERPIZZOROBICHAUDWITESBSKYWESLEY BPKFR. Role of serial microbiologic surveillance and clinical evaluation in the management of cancer patients with fever and granulocytopenia. Am J Med. 1982;72:561-8. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. PizzoYOUNG PR. Infections in the cancer patient. In: DEVITA V, HELLMAN S, ROSENBERG SA, eds. Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company; 1985:1963-98. Google Scholar5. SCHIMPFFSATTERLEEYOUNGSERPICK SWVA. Empiric therapy with carbenicillin and gentamicin for febrile patients with cancer and granulocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 1971;284:1061-5 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. SICKLESGREENEWIERNIK EWP. Clinical presentation of infection in granulocytopenic patients. Arch Intern Med. 1975;135:715-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1986Volume 105, Issue 5Page: 708-709 ePublished: 12 March 2020 Issue Published: 1 November 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Focal Lipid Lesions in Blood Vessels due to Erythrocytes and Platelets
Authors: P. J. BARNARD, D. H. THOMPSON
Journal: Circulation (1966)

Experiments on goats and rabbits living on a normal diet demonstrated that the lipid associated with organizing thrombi became concentrated in fibrosed focal lesions of blood vessels. The lipid that appeared during organization of lysed erythrocytes underwent changes similar to those of lipid in thrombi. From this it was concluded that what red cells there were in the thrombi contributed to the total lipid present. These observations are pertinent to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, because they help to explain the thrombosis characteristically associated with this disease, and how lipid can be delivered to restricted regions of the arterial intima.
A Clinical Lecture ON HYPOCHLORHYDRIA AND AIR SWALLOWING
Authors: W. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1919)

769 in many patients is due to a too perfunctory trial of medical treatment in the earlier attacks.The hospital accommodation in the country is too small to allow of the poorer classes receiving tile rest and supervision that is necessary.The pressure on beds is too hjeavy.The ideal would be to keep the patient un(der treatment until an x-ray examnination showed that thle ulcer was healed.B. Stargical Treatment.When a chronic gastric ulcer has refused to heal, or has recurred, after medical treatment, surgical treatment is| necessary.There is not yet any-close agreement as to the procedure which is best adapted to the various types of cases,-'and-there-is not yet avaiYeble a full--record of the after-history of large groups of cases..The operation. of gantro-enteretomy is that which hasX been most frequentlypractised.Itssucces%.at, firt was.wonderful, probablybecause, only the cas.e. of obstructaionwere then treated.Later-its results appeared to-be capricious.A small number 'of case did well, a larger number were not satisfactory, some of the results were bad.The operation may be supposed to lhave two effects:a " mechanical" one, wlhereby the stomach is more readily drained, and a "physiological " one, as the result of which the gastric contents are alkalinized by the escape into the stomachl of the pancreatic juice and thie bile.