tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
842 EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A (40KD) AND RIBAVIRIN IN GENOTYPE 4 PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C (CHC) UNDER REAL LIFE CONDITIONS
Authors: E. Zehnter, S. Mauss, S. Kaiser, K. Boeker, T. Lutz, R. Heyne, C. John, G. Moog, A. Schober, R. Pfaff, A. Zipf, S. Racky, J. Lohmeyer, B. Bokemeyer, B. Kallinowski, T. Witthoeft, U. Alshuth, D. Hueppe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
A novel missense mutation in the<i>TRPS1</i>gene underlies trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type III
Authors: M. Tariq, S. Ahmad, W. Ahmad
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article A novel missense mutation in the TRPS1 gene underlies trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type III Get access M. Tariq, M. Tariq Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid‐i‐Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Ahmad, S. Ahmad Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid‐i‐Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Ahmad W. Ahmad Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid‐i‐Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Correspondence: Wasim Ahmad. E‐mail: wahmad@qau.edu.pk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 2, 1 August 2008, Pages 476–478, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08658.x Published: 01 August 2008
Osteopontin and Interleukin-8 Expression is Independently Associated with Prostate Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Daniel J. Caruso, Adrienne J.K. Carmack, Vinata B. Lokeshwar, Robert C. Duncan, Mark S. Soloway, Bal L. Lokeshwar
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Lack of reliable biomarkers limits accurate prediction of prostate-specific antigen biochemical recurrence (disease progression) in prostate cancer. The two inflammatory chemokines, osteopontin and interleukin-8 (IL-8), are associated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. We investigated whether osteopontin and IL-8 expression in prostate cancer correlates with disease progression. Experimental Design: Archival prostatectomy specimens (n = 103) were obtained from patients with minimum 72-month follow-up. Osteopontin and IL-8 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and graded for intensity and the area. Association of osteopontin and IL-8 staining with biochemical recurrence was evaluated by univariate and multivariate models. Results: In tumor cells, osteopontin and IL-8 staining was higher in the recurred group (203.2 ± 78.4; 181.1 ± 89.3) than in the nonrecurred group (122.7 ± 76.6; 96.4 ± 85.6; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Higher osteopontin and IL-8 staining was also observed in benign areas adjacent to tumor in the recurred group, than in nonrecurred group. In univariate analysis, except age, all preoperative and postoperative variables and osteopontin and IL-8 staining scores were significantly associated with biochemical recurrence (P &amp;lt; 0.05). In multivariate analysis, margin status and osteopontin staining independently associated with biochemical recurrence within 72 months. Osteopontin, either alone or with IL-8 and seminal vesicle invasion, was a significant variable in predicting biochemical recurrence within 24 months. Osteopontin and IL-8 staining predicted recurrence with high sensitivity (75.5%; 73.6%) and specificity (76%; 70.6%). Conclusion: In prostatectomy specimens, osteopontin expression is independently associated with biochemical recurrence. Both osteopontin and IL-8 may be predictors of early disease progression.
Points: Treatment of tuberculosis
Authors: M Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

<h3>Background</h3> The association of rheumatic diseases and thyroid autoimmunity has been reported by several studies. It is known that autoimmune thyroid disease is more frequent in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases, also in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Data exist that the presence of antithyroid antibodies favor the onset of autoimmune thyroid disease. Discrepant results have been reported about the prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies in SSc patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the prevalence of anti–thyroid peroxidase (aTPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (aTG) autoantibodies among the Polish one single-center group of SSc patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We evaluated the presence of aTPO and aTG autoantibodies in serum of 107 consecutive patients with SSc (age 19-81 years; 89 women, 18 men; 57 with limited form of SSc and 40 with diffuse). The mean course of the disease was 5,15 years. In 44 SSc patients aTPO and aTG antibodies were evaluated in the first year of diagnosis. In 21 patients disease duration was longer than 10 years at the time of execution of the study. <h3>Results</h3> In the whole studied group of SSc patients the presence of aTPO and/or aTG antibodies was found in a total number of 40 patients (prevalence 37,38%). aTPO antibodies were present in 34 patients (31,77%), aTG antibodies were present in 26 patients (24,29%). Both antibodies were positive in 19 (17,75%) SSc patient. In the subgroup of 44 patients with newly diagnosed SSc the presence of aTPO was found in 22 patients (50,00%), the presence of aTG was found in 15 patients (34,09%), while the presence of aTPO and/or aTG was found in a total number of 23 patients (52,27%). Both antibodies were positive in 19 (43,18%) SSc patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study confirms the high prevalence of thyroid antibodies also in our polish group of SSc patients. The prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies was significantly higher in the subgroup of patients with newly diagnosed disease (52,2,27%) compared to the whole group SSc patients (37,38%). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THE TREATMENT OF EMPYEMA BY CONTINUOUS ASPIRATION.
Authors: WELLER VAN HOOK
Journal: JAMA (1903)

The disastrous results which sometimes follow simple open drainage of empyemas have induced a number of experimental and practical workers to undertake improved methods of treating such cases. These bad results consist in the failure of healing; in the formation of fistulas leading down to large cavities, often persisting for years after incision and drainage; osteomyelitis of ribs; retracting of connective tissue about the pleura, resulting in distortion of the thoracic viscera; infection with tubercle bacilli; secondary and remoter conditions such as amyloid degeneration and intercurrent diseases; and especially the distortions of the skeleton and the distant musculature due to the contraction and collapse of the chest walls. Most of these consequences are due to the mechanical conditions under which healing has to take place. When the pleural cavity is widely opened the lung, on account of its elastic tissue, retracts immediately toward its root. During expiration there is a
Increased Circulating Levels of Transcobalamin II in Gaucher's Disease
Authors: Harriet S. Gilbert, Neal Weinreb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The presence of several serum protein abnormalities in Gaucher's disease prompted a study of vitamin B12 binding proteins, in which 14 of 15 consecutive patients displayed increased circulating transcobalamin II unassociated with elevations of serum vitamin B12 or other vitamin B12 binders. Transcobalamin II levels were most significantly increased in nine patients with disease severe enough to require splenectomy (P<0.01), but were not correlated with liver size or levels of any other laboratory feature of Gauchers disease studied. Splenectomy, per se, did not alter circulating transcobalamin II. Characterization of the binder in Gaucher's disease revealed identity with normal serum transcobalamin II in acid inhibition of vitamin B12 binding, Chromatographic behavior, immunologic specificity and functional integrity in vitamin B12 delivery. This observation suggests a relation between reticuloendothelial-cell activity and transcobalamin II metabolism. Elevated transcobalamin II levels may provide an additional means for diagnosis and assessment of Gaucher's disease. (N Engl J Med 295:1096–1101, 1976)
Effects of Mutant and Antisense RNA of Phospholamban on SR Ca <sup>2+</sup> -ATPase Activity and Cardiac Myocyte Contractility
Authors: Huaping He, Markus Meyer, Jody L. Martin, Patrick M. McDonough, Peter Ho, Xiaojing Lou, Wilbur Y. W. Lew, Randa Hilal-Dandan, Wolfgang H. Dillmann
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The delayed cardiac relaxation in failing hearts has been attributed to a reduced activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase (SERCA2). Phospholamban (PLB) inhibits SERCA2 activity and is therefore a potential target to improve the cardiac performance in heart failure. Methods and Results —Mutants of PLB (Adv/mPLB) or antisense RNA of PLB (Adv/asPLB) was expressed in cardiac myocytes by recombinant adenovirus, and their effects on SERCA2 activity and myocyte contractility were studied. One mPLB, K3E/R14E, pentamerized with endogenous PLB in neonatal myocytes and resulted in a 45% increase in the affinity of SERCA2 for Ca 2+ and 27% faster diastolic Ca 2+ decline as determined by SR 45 Ca uptake assays and by indo 1–facilitated Ca 2+ transient measurement, respectively. Edge-detection analysis of adult myocyte contractility showed a 74% increase in fractional shortening, accompanied by 115% increase in velocity of relengthening and 25% decrease in time to half-maximal relengthening. In parallel, infection of neonatal cardiac myocytes by Adv/asPLB decreased the endogenous PLB level by 54%, which was associated with a 35% increase in Ca 2+ affinity of SERCA2 and 21% faster diastolic Ca 2+ decline. However, in adult cardiac myocytes, Adv/asPLB failed to significantly alter the endogenous PLB level, the SERCA2 activity, or most of the contractile parameters. Conclusions —K3E/R14E is a dominant negative mutant of PLB that disrupts the structural integrity and function of the endogenous PLB and consequently enhances SERCA2 activity and myocyte contractility. In neonatal myocytes, the decrease in steady-state abundance of PLB by asPLB also leads to increased SERCA2 activity.
Management at the MRC.
Authors: R Smith
Journal: BMJ (1993)

risk of suicide, relevant to the next few days or even less.They are at least an invaluable double check on individual clinical assessment.Their presence when risk is judged otherwise to be minimal should make doctors query their original assessment.Surely, for example, we would expect a house physician to think twice, and yet again, before acceding to a request for rapid discharge by an elderly man who has been admitted after a deliberate overdose, especially if he has been misusing alcohol, is depressed, has important physical illness, and has recently suffered a major loss such as bereavement.Given the limitations of predicting risk factors, how can we help the doctor to assess short term risk?This is central to day to day clinical work and by no means esoteric.Risk factors derived from well conducted follow up studies such as those already described are, of course, important.But clinical audit may help to identify a new range of risk factors by focusing on day to day issues such as problems with behaviour and relationships, which relate more immediately to short term risk.5 Clinical audit should also help to define more clearly the clinical techniques and skills relevant to assessing and managing the risk of suicide.Audit should thus ensure that the right thing is done6 and has the potential to reveal anomalies and gaps in clinical practice which, if remedied, should help us meet the targets we have been set.We might then approach these with confidence and enthusiasm.
Ca2+-free perfusion of isolated rat heart: early irreversible changes and discrepancy between functional impairments and release of cellular constituents
Authors: J. M KOOMEN, J. NOORDHOEK, A. N E ZIMMERMAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Journal Article Ca2+-free perfusion of isolated rat heart: early irreversible changes and discrepancy between functional impairments and release of cellular constituents Get access JOS M KOOMEN, JOS M KOOMEN * From the Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, State University of Utrecht, The Netherlands *Address for reprint requests: Dr J M Koomen, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, State University of Utrecht, Catharijnesingel 60, 3511 GH Utrecht, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAN NOORDHOEK, JAN NOORDHOEK From the Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, State University of Utrecht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ARIAEN N E ZIMMERMAN ARIAEN N E ZIMMERMAN From the Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, State University of Utrecht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 17, Issue 8, August 1983, Pages 476–481, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/17.8.476 Published: 01 August 1983
The Usefulness of Endoscopic Hemoclipping for Bleeding Dieulafoy Lesions
Authors: C. H. Park, Y. H. Sohn, W. S. Lee, Y. E. Joo, S. K. Choi, J. S. Rew, S. J. Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Dieulafoy lesion is a rare cause of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage, most commonly from the proximal stomach. Surgery was regarded as the treatment of choice in the past, but recently endoscopic management has become the standard approach. However, the effectiveness of various endoscopic modalities in treating bleeding Dieulafoy lesion has been little studied. This study was therefore done to compare the hemostatic efficacy of endoscopic hemoclipping and epinephrine injection therapy.Between January 1998 and December 2001, a consecutive series of 32 patients with bleeding Dieulafoy lesion underwent endoscopic treatment. They were randomly treated either by endoscopic epinephrine injection therapy (n = 16) or by hemoclipping (n = 16). We compared mortality rate, primary hemostasis rate, and rebleeding rate between two groups.There was no bleeding-related death in either group. There was no significant difference in primary hemostasis rates between the hemoclipping group (93.8 %) and epinephrine injection group (87.5 %, P = 1.00). There was a trend toward a lower rate of need for multiple endoscopic sessions to achieve permanent hemostasis in the hemoclipping group compared with the epinephrine injection group (6.3 % vs. 31.3 %, P = 0.086). Hemoclipping was significantly more effective in preventing recurrent bleeding than epinephrine injection therapy (0 % vs. 35.7 %, P < 0.05). With regard to lesion site, hemoclipping was significantly more effective in preventing recurrent bleeding of gastric body Dieulafoy lesion than epinephrine injection therapy (0 % vs. 50 %, P < 0.05).Bleeding from Dieulafoy lesion was well controlled by therapeutic endoscopic procedures. Hemoclipping was more effective for Dieulafoy lesion than epinephrine injection therapy, with less need for subsequent endoscopy.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE BLOOD CONCENTRATIONS AND URINARY EXCRETION OF SULFAPYRIDINE AND SULFANILAMIDE AFTER SINGLE DOSES OF SULFAPYRIDINE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS ADMINISTERED BY VARIOUS ROUTES
Authors: F. H. Laskey Taylor, Francis C. Lowell, Margaret A. Adams, William C. Spring, Maxwell Finland, Nancy E. Marean
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1940)
EXPERIMENTAL PNEUMONIA IN MICE FOLLOWING THE INHALATION OF STREPTOCOCCUS HÆMOLYTICUS AND OF FRIEDLÄNDER'S BACILLUS
Authors: Ernest G. Stillman, Arnold Branch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

The results of these experiments support the previous observations that mice react in different ways to the inhalation of different bacteria. If normal mice are sprayed with hemolytic streptococci or Friedländer's bacillus, these organisms may be recovered from the lungs and heart's blood for a number of days after exposure. A large number of mice so exposed die of a septicemia during the 30 days following spraying. Consolidation of one or more lobes is not rare. If normal mice are exposed to an atmosphere of pneumococci, however, the organisms rapidly disappear from the lungs and only an occasional mouse succumbs to pneumococcus septicemia. In order to cause the pneumococcus to invade, the mice must first be alcoholized. If mice are first alcoholized and then exposed to a pneumococcus atmosphere, the pneumococci persist for a longer time in the lungs and a number will die of septicemia, a state of affairs which resembles that seen after the administration to normal mice of the other two organisms studied. In order to produce pneumococcus lobar consolidation, however, the mice must be first partially immunized and then allowed to inhale the organisms while under the influence of alcohol. A large percentage of both the normal and immune mice so alcoholized die within 5 days of exposure. There also appears to be a definite relation between the mortality and the length of time inspired bacteria persist in the lungs. Whether this lag in removal allows multiplication of the bacteria and massive infection to occur has not been determined. Following inhalation of pneumococcus, the organisms were either removed rapidly and without apparent detriment to the animal, or, as in the case of the alcoholized mice, invasion occurred, in which event the mouse usually succumbed rapidly, localization in the lung only occurring in partially immune animals. In the case of the hemolytic streptococci and Bacillus friedlaenderi, however, the whole process of removal and infection seems to be slower. Infection and pneumonia occurred more often. These organisms seem to possess much greater invasive power when inhaled than the pneumococcus, though on intraperitoneal or subcutaneous inoculation, pneumococcus is highly virulent for normal mice.
Autism, Brain and Environment
Authors: Michael Fitzpatrick
Journal: BMJ (2006)

F rom holding therapy to secretin, from facilitated communication to swimming with dolphins, the world of autism has long attracted promoters of miracle cures, and desperate parents and their children have suffered the consequences. The current vogue in the United States is for a range of “biomedical” investigations and treatments, including exclusion diets, courses of anti-fungals and antibiotics, and chelation therapy. Just like purveyors of earlier, long discredited, cures, advocates of these methods can readily provide moving testimonies for their benefits. But there is no coherent scientific rationale for …
Lewis and Clark and the Bicentennial
Authors: Eldon G. Chuinard
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ALTHOUGH the Lewis and Clark Expedition did not occur until more than a quarter century after the Declaration of Independence (1803 to 1806), it was most important in securing for our young republic a great portion of our western land that might not otherwise be participating in the Bicentennial. This great American exploration firmed our claim to the Oregon country and thwarted Spain's efforts to limit the boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase. Lewis and Clark revealed the route and the riches in crossing the continent, and after them came the mountain men and fur trappers, the missionaries and settlers. In this day of communicating with astronauts on the moon, it is difficult to realize that Lewis and Clark and their men were completely separated from contact with and help from the government that had "sent them into space" for more than two years. The captains and their men left St
Blood Groups in Carcinoma of the Lung
Authors: R. B. McConnell, C. A. Clarke, F. Downton
Journal: BMJ (1954)

But it should be possible to prove or disprove whether this mechanism is a factor in some cases of toxaemia, and further work is planned.There is another way of looking at this problem.Browneand Dodds (1939) showed that about 50% of toxaemic patients were left with a residual hypertension.They were at that time using a blood pressure of 130/70 as a criterion for both conditions.Other workers, using higher blood pressures as criteria, have shown proportionately similar results.Nevertheless, Isenhour, Kuder, and Dill (1942) have shown no increased incidence of hypertension (140/90) in parous rather than in nulliparous patients, and conclude that hypertension following toxaemia occurs in those patients who would have developed it in any case.Perhaps, however, toxaemia in the other group-those not destined to develop permanent hypertension-could be due to a mechanism peculiar to pregnancy such as we have postulated.It would be interesting to know the group distributions in chronic hypertension.Any discussion on this subject must remain highly specula- tive; nevertheless, if these empirical findings are confirmed in other series some explanation must be sought. SummaryThe distribution of blood groups in 3,651 admissions to a maternity hospital has been studied.These admissions included 541 patients suffering from toxaemia of pregnancy.As compared with the non-toxaemic patients, the tox- aemic patients showed a significant excess of women of group 0.Some possible implications are discussed.We are indebted to Dr. J. A. Fraser Robtrts for advice and help with the statistical analysis.We are grateful to Mr. H.H
Aerosol Steroids as Primary Treatment of Mild Asthma
Authors: Charles E. Reed
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

These are revolutionary times for patients with asthma. The disease is no longer considered the consequence of just bronchospasm or hyperactive airways. Rather, even in its mildest form asthma is considered an inflammatory disease, often described as "chronic desquamating eosinophilic bronchitis."1 , 2 The respiratory epithelium appears to bear the brunt of the inflammatory attack; it is vacuolated, and ciliated cells are shed into the bronchial lumen. Eosinophils not only become more numerous in the blood, the bronchial mucosa, and the sputum, but also damage the epithelium.3 Studies using bronchoalveolar lavage and endobronchial biopsy combined with the techniques of cellular and molecular . . .
Sustained compression and healing of chronic venous ulcers: Authors' reply
Authors: S. D Blair, D. D I Wright, C. N McCollum
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Referrals to hospital by general practitioners SIR,-We have recently completed an extensive study into non-attendance for psychiatric ap- pointments, and several points emerge from a comparison of the findings of Dr Kieran JMcGlade and others' with ours.Their 20% level of overall non-attendance for initial appointments in all specialties is far higher than that we encountered for the Grampian region of Scotland.Our figure of 8% is more in keeping with that of Grace and Armstrong.2More striking is the discrepancy between their figures and ours for psychiatric non- attendance.In contrast to their 40% rate we found that only 234 out of 2771 (8 4%) first appointments were not kept.This difference may of course reflect the small number of patients in the Belfast study.Furthermore, it is interesting to note that, at least in Grampian, appointment default is no more common in psychiatry than in other specialties.There are, however, two points on which the
NMDAR-Regulated Dynamics of Layer 4 Neuronal Dendrites during Thalamocortical Reorganization in Neonates
Authors: Hidenobu Mizuno, Wenshu Luo, Etsuko Tarusawa, Yoshikazu M. Saito, Takuya Sato, Yumiko Yoshimura, Shigeyoshi Itohara, Takuji Iwasato
Journal: Neuron (2014)