tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oral and inhaled corticosteroids reduce bone formation as shown by plasma osteocalcin levels.
Authors: K Meeran, A Hattersley, J Burrin, R Shiner, K Ibbertson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Osteoporosis is a well-known, serious complication of long-term high-dose corticosteroid therapy. This study was performed to determine the effects of commonly used doses of oral and inhaled steroids on biochemical indices of bone formation. Initially we examined the long-term effects of oral steroids. Thirty-four outpatients with symptomatic asthma or chronic obstructive airways disease (COAD) receiving long-term oral prednisolone (mean 10.1 mg daily) were compared with 34 control subjects with asthma or COAD matched individually for age, sex, and menopausal status who were not taking oral steroids. Plasma osteocalcin concentrations were significantly lower (patients 6.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml; control subjects 8.6 +/- 0.5 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM; p < 0.01) in patients on steroids with no difference in alkaline phosphatase. To examine the short-term effects of oral and inhaled corticosteroids, healthy male volunteers were given a 7-d course of either 15 mg oral prednisolone daily (n = 10) or 500 micrograms inhaled beclomethasone twice daily (n = 20). After 1 wk of oral prednisolone, mean plasma osteocalcin decreased from 11.8 +/- 1.1 ng/ml to 6.9 +/- 0.8 ng/ml (p < 0.001). With inhaled beclomethasone mean plasma osteocalcin decreased from 11.6 +/- 0.6 ng/ml to 9.6 +/- 0.6 ng/ml (p < 0.001) with no change in alkaline phosphatase. In doses routinely prescribed for the prophylaxis and treatment of asthma, oral and inhaled steroids suppress osteocalcin levels and may therefore inhibit bone formation. This effect is seen with short courses of steroids and also with chronic administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of chronic digoxin treatment on cardiac function, electrolytes and ATPase in failing heart due to pressure overload
Authors: C L O'NEIL, B BHARADWAJ, K PRASAD
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

Journal Article Effect of chronic digoxin treatment on cardiac function, electrolytes and ATPase in failing heart due to pressure overload Get access C L O'NEIL, C L O'NEIL From the Departments of Physiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B BHARADWAJ, B BHARADWAJ From the Departments of Physiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K PRASAD K PRASAD * From the Departments of Physiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada *Address for reprint requests: K Prasad, MD, PhD, FACC, FACA, FICA, Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask. Canada S7N 0W0. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 18, Issue 8, August 1984, Pages 502–510, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/18.8.502 Published: 01 August 1984
TCT-819 Successive Transradial Approach is Associated with an Acceptable Success Rate and a Lower Risk of Vascular Complications Compared to the Transfemoral Approach in Patients Undergoing Repeat Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Payam Dehghani, Sami Al Nasser, Effat Rezaei, Akshay Bagai, Hatim Al Lawati, Asim Cheema
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Analyzing Effectiveness of Long-term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy—Reply
Authors: Falk Leichsenring
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Study of reticuloendothelial phagocytic capacity in patients with cholestasis.
Authors: G Drivas, O James, N Wardle
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The phagocytic capacity of the reticuloendothelial system was studied by the clearance from the plasma of microaggregated iodinated human serum albumin. About half of the patients with cholestasis showed impaired Kupffer-cell phagocytosis. The finding may be relevant to the occurrence of surgical complications in patients with obstructive jaundice.
Reply from Authors re: Alexandre R. Zlotta, Robert K. Nam. To Biopsy or Not to Biopsy—Thou Shall Think Twice. Eur Urol 2012;61:1115–7
Authors: Stacy Loeb, Suzanne van den Heuvel, Xiaoye Zhu, Chris H. Bangma, Fritz H. Schroder, Monique J. Roobol
Journal: European Urology (2012)
COMPARISON OF THE HEART, TIMI AND GRACE RISK SCORES FOR CHEST PAIN PATIENTS AT THE EMERGENCY ROOM
Authors: Barbra E. Backus, A.J. Six, J.C. Kelder, T.P. Mast, F. vanden Akker, H.W. de Beaufort, E.G. Mast, P.A. Doevendans
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
S-adenosylmethionine inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression via modulation of histone methylation
Authors: Ainhoa Iglesias Ara, Meng Xia, Komal Ramani, José M. Mato, Shelly C. Lu
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

We previously showed that S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) and its metabolite methylthioadenosine (MTA) blocked lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) expression in RAW (murine macrophage cell line) and Kupffer cells at the transcriptional level without affecting nuclear factor κ B nuclear binding. However, the exact molecular mechanism or mechanisms of the inhibitory effect were unclear. While SAMe is a methyl donor, MTA is an inhibitor of methylation. SAMe can convert to MTA spontaneously, so the effect of exogenous SAMe may be mediated by MTA. The aim of our current work is to examine whether the mechanism of SAMe and MTA's inhibitory effect on proinflammatory mediators might involve modulation of histone methylation. In RAW cells, we found that LPS induced TNFα expression by both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. SAMe and MTA treatment inhibited the LPS-induced increase in gene transcription. Using the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we found that LPS increased the binding of trimethylated histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) to the TNFα promoter, and this was completely blocked by either SAMe or MTA pretreatment. Similar effects were observed with LPS-mediated induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). LPS increased the binding of histone methyltransferases Set1 and myeloid/lymphoid leukemia to these promoters, which was unaffected by SAMe or MTA. The effects of MTA in RAW cells were confirmed in vivo in LPS-treated mice. Exogenous SAMe is unstable and converts spontaneously to MTA, which is stable and cell-permeant. Treatment with SAMe doubled intracellular MTA and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) levels. SAH also inhibited H3K4 binding to TNFα and iNOS promoters. Conclusion: The mechanism of SAMe's pharmacologic inhibitory effect on proinflammatory mediators is mainly mediated by MTA and SAH at the level of histone methylation.
Medical women in the first world war--ranking nowhere.
Authors: L Leneman
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Medical women in the first world war-ranking nowhere Leah Leneman By 1914 women had largely won the struggle for medical education, although Oxford and Cambridge and the London teaching hospitals still held out.'But women still found it difficult to obtain posts to match their abilities and qualifications.Only in the handful of all women hospitals or in isolated appointments in the provinces could they carve out a career in hospital medicine, and only in specialties held in low regard by men.None of the gynaecological or children's hospitals in London gave residential or staff appointments to women.And some of the medical societies, including the Society for the Study of Children's Diseases, excluded women.2So when war broke out in 1914 officialdom saw no role for medical women.On attempting to volunteer Dr Elsie Inglis was told by a War Office administrator, "My good lady, go home and sit still."Far from sitting still, Dr Inglis, in conjunction with the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies, formed the Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service, which sent a number of all women medical units to various fronts.But Dr Inglis was not the only, or even the first, to form an all women unit.The great needs of allied armies for medical care, and the generally haphazard arrangements of this war, made it possible for medical women to form voluntary units, or even to approach foreign governments on their own and work in the field.The Women's Hospital Corps was formed in August 1914 by Dr Louisa Garrett Anderson and Dr Flora Murray.They offered an all women unit to the French Red Cross and were given the Hotel Claridge in Paris for their hospital.Scepticism by the French and British authorities gave way to respect, and the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) treated the hospital as though it were a British auxiliary rather than a French one.Subsequently the women opened a second hospital near Boulogne.In February 1915 it seemed that there would be more pressure of work in England than in France, and the director general of the Army Medical Services, Sir Alfred Keogh, gave the doctors charge of a large hospital in Endell Street, London.3This opened in May 1915 and worked until the end of 1919, during which time some 26000 patients
Palliative Thoracic Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alysa Fairchild, Kristin Harris, Elizabeth Barnes, Rebecca Wong, Stephen Lutz, Andrea Bezjak, Patrick Cheung, Edward Chow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Purpose The optimal dose of radiotherapy (RT) to palliate symptomatic advanced lung cancer is unclear. We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of palliative thoracic RT. Methods RCTs comparing two or more dose fractionation schedules were reviewed using the random-effects model of a freely available information management system. The relative risk and 95% CI for each outcome were presented in Forrest plots. Exploratory analysis comparing dose schedules after conversion to the time-adjusted biologically equivalent dose (BED) was performed to investigate for a dose-response relationship. Results A total of 13 RCTs involving 3,473 randomly assigned patients were identified. Outcomes included symptom palliation, overall survival, toxicity, and reirradiation rate. For symptom control in assessable patients, lower-dose (LD) RT was comparable with higher-dose (HD), except for the total symptom score (TSS): 65.4% of LD and 77.1% of HD patients had improved TSS (P = .003). Greater likelihood of symptom improvement was seen with schedules of 35 Gy 10 versus lower BED. At 1 year after HD and LD RT, 26.5% versus 21.7% of patients were alive, respectively (P = .002). Sensitivity analysis suggests this survival improvement was seen with 35 Gy 10 BED schedules compared with LDs. Physician-assessed dysphagia was significantly greater in the HD arm (20.5% v 14.9%; P = .01), and the likelihood of reirradiation was 1.2-fold higher after LD RT. Conclusion No significant differences were observed for specific symptom-control end points, although improvement in survival favored HD RT. Consideration of palliative thoracic RT of at least 35 Gy 10 BED may therefore be warranted, but must be weighed against increased toxicity and greater time investment.
Hoarseness in a 79 year old woman
Authors: T. Jacques, T. Abed, S. Sharma, J. Philpott
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 79 year old woman was referred to our ear, nose, and throat outpatient clinic with a history of hoarse voice. This symptom had been present for around three months. It initially fluctuated in severity but eventually became constant. There was no associated pain, weight loss, cough, dysphagia, odynophagia, or other upper airway symptoms. She had not recently had surgery or experienced trauma. Her medical history was of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and she was an ex-smoker. 

There were no abnormalities on head and neck examination. Flexible laryngoscopy showed no mucosal lesions in the nasopharynx, oropharynx, or hypopharynx. The left vocal cord was normal in appearance but fixed in the paramedian position. Contrast enhanced computed tomography from the skull base to the diaphragm was performed. This showed a large saccular aneurysm of the distal part of the aortic arch, near the origin of the left subclavian artery, measuring 4.5 cm in diameter (figure⇓).



Sagittal contrast enhanced computed tomogram showing a saccular aneurysm of the distal aortic arch, measuring 4.5 cm in diameter





### 1 What is the differential diagnosis of hoarseness?

#### Short answer

Hoarseness (dysphonia) can be caused by infections such as viral laryngitis, benign laryngeal lesions, laryngeal cancer, vocal cord paralysis, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, neurological disease, hypothyroidism, and functional voice disorders.

#### Long answer

Hoarseness (dysphonia) may be acute or chronic (lasting more than three weeks) and has a wide variety of causes. The most common acute cause is localised infection, usually self limiting laryngitis in association with a viral upper respiratory tract infection. It may also be present in tonsillitis, candidiasis, or less commonly in life threatening epiglottitis or supraglottitis. Patients with hoarseness that persists for more than three weeks, …
Reasons for Decrease in Sexual Activity Among Homosexual Men With HIV Infection
Authors: Jonathan E. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> Homosexual men in the United States have markedly reduced their high-risk sexual behavior during recent years.<sup>1-3</sup>We have gathered information concerning sexual behavior in a cohort of homosexual men in Atlanta that has been the subject of two previous articles in<i>JAMA</i>.<sup>4,5</sup>Our data include self-reported reasons for changes in sexual behavior. Seventy-five homosexual men with lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) (lymphadenopathy in two or more extrainguinal sites for three or more months), subsequently shown to be seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), were enrolled in a prospective study in Atlanta in 1982 and 1983. At enrollment, all men were questioned about sexual behavior during the two-year period before onset of LAS. In 1987, thirty-one of the HIV-seropositive men were interviewed concerning their sexual behavior in the preceding six months. Only data from these 31 HIV-seropositive men are included in this analysis. On the first questionnaire,
NADPH Oxidases as Therapeutic Targets in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Beatriz Sánchez-Sánchez, Sara Gutiérrez-Herrero, Guillermo López-Ruano, Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo, Marta Romo-González, Marcial Llanillo, Atanasio Pandiella, Carmen Guerrero, Jesús F. San Miguel, Fermín Sánchez-Guijo, Consuelo del Cañizo, Angel Hernández-Hernández
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Cancer cells show higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than normal cells and increasing intracellular ROS levels are becoming a recognized strategy against tumor cells. Thus, diminishing ROS levels could be also detrimental to cancer cells. We surmise that avoiding ROS generation would be a better option than quenching ROS with antioxidants. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is triggered by the expression of BCR-ABL kinase, whose activity leads to increased ROS production, partly through NADPH oxidases. Here, we assessed NADPH oxidases as therapeutic targets in CML. Experimental Design: We have analyzed the effect of different NADPH oxidase inhibitors, either alone or in combination with BCR-ABL inhibitors, in CML cells and in two different animal models for CML. Results: NADPH oxidase inhibition dramatically impaired the proliferation and viability of BCR-ABL–expressing cells due to the attenuation of BCR-ABL signaling and a pronounced cell-cycle arrest. Moreover, the combination of NADPH oxidase inhibitors with BCR-ABL inhibitors was highly synergistic. Two different animal models underscore the effectiveness of NADPH oxidase inhibitors and their combination with BCR-ABL inhibitors for CML targeting in vivo. Conclusion: Our results offer further therapeutic opportunities for CML, by targeting NADPH oxidases. In the future, it would be worthwhile conducting further experiments to ascertain the feasibility of translating such therapies to clinical practice. Clin Cancer Res; 20(15); 4014–25. ©2014 AACR.
Contemporary Themes: Sociomedical Study of Patients over 75 in General Practice
Authors: E. I. Williams, F. M. Bennett, J. V. Nixon, M. R. Nicholson, J. Gabert
Journal: BMJ (1972)

In a survey of people of 75 years and over in a general practice situated in the north-west of England a total of 297 patients was examined. Among the many previously unreported medical conditions and social needs were seven unknown malignant conditions, 28 patients with heart failure, five with diabetes, and one with myxoedema. A high incidence of nutritional anaemia was also found. It is concluded that such a survey can detect much hidden illness and disability and that general practice is the right setting for it.
An Open Letter.
Authors: C. M. Hobby
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Iowa City, Iowa, July 5, 1897. To the Medical Profession, Members of the Legislature and Citizens of Iowa: You are doubtless aware that the Board of Regents of the University of the State of Iowa have appropriated nearly $150,000 for the construction and equipment of an hospital to be an adjunct to the Medical Department of the University. This hospital has been planned to possess the greatest amount of facility for medical and surgical work possible in the present state of science; and, under proper restrictions, it might become a source of great benefit to the needy and indigent requiring medical or surgical treatment. But the best information accessible indicates that the use and control of the hospital is to be<i>restricted</i>to members of the Faculty of the Medical Department of the State University, and that the practical working of the hospital is to be largely under the control
Drug points: Exacerbation of angina associated with latanoprost
Authors: M Mitra, B Chang, T James
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Latanoprost is a prostaglandin F2a analogue used to treat open angle glaucoma.1 Ocular side effects include conjunctival hyperaemia, iris pigmentation, anterior uveitis, and cystoid macular oedema in patients who have had surgery for cataract. We report a patient developing an exacerbation of angina while receiving treatment with latanoprost for glaucoma.

A 73 year old man was referred with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. He had peripheral vascular disease and ischaemic heart …
A quantitative PCR method to detect blood microRNAs associated with tumorigenesis in transgenic mice
Authors: Alice C Fan, Marianna M Goldrick, Jennifer Ho, Yu Liang, Pavan Bachireddy, Dean W Felsher
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2008)

Abstract MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation frequently occurs in cancer. Analysis of whole blood miRNA in tumor models has not been widely reported, but could potentially lead to novel assays for early detection and monitoring of cancer. To determine whether miRNAs associated with malignancy could be detected in the peripheral blood, we used real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR to determine miRNA profiles in whole blood obtained from transgenic mice with c-MYC-induced lymphoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and osteosarcoma. The PCR-based assays used in our studies require only 10 nanograms of total RNA, allowing serial mini-profiles (20 – 30 miRNAs) to be carried out on individual animals over time. Blood miRNAs were measured from mice at different stages of MYC-induced lymphomagenesis and regression. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the data identified specific miRNA expression profiles that correlated with tumor type and stage. The miRNAs found to be altered in the blood of mice with tumors frequently reverted to normal levels upon tumor regression. Our results suggest that specific changes in blood miRNA can be detected during tumorigenesis and tumor regression.
Tensions in the Racial Integration of Health Care, Then and Now
Authors: Neil J. Nusbaum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 January 1998Tensions in the Racial Integration of Health Care, Then and NowNeil J. Nusbaum, JD, MDNeil J. Nusbaum, JD, MDTulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans, LA 70112Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-2-199801150-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest the recent article by Reynolds [1] on the role of the federal courts in desegregating health care. The article refers to the U.S. Supreme Court as having decided, by denying a writ of certiorari in Simkins, to desegregate health care facilities. In fact, what the article details is a 1963 “decision” made by a federal appellate court (the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit), after which the U.S. Supreme Court chose not to consider the case further (denying certiorari). A denial of certiorari lets a lower-court decision stand by inertia. A ...References1. Reynolds PP. Hospitals and Civil Rights, 1945-1963: The Case of Simkins v Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:898-906. Google Scholar2. Supreme Court of the U.S. Rule 10, Considerations Governing Review on Writ of Certiorari. Google Scholar3. Brown v Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. 347 U.S. 483 (1954). Google Scholar4. Loving v. Virginia. 388 U.S. 1 (1967). Google Scholar5. Kluger R. Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America's Struggle for Equality. New York: Alfred A. Knopf; 1976. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Neil J. Nusbaum, JD, MDAffiliations: Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans, LA 70112 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1998Volume 128, Issue 2Page: 157-158KeywordsHealth careHealth care facilities ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
MRI profile and response to endovascular reperfusion after stroke (DEFUSE 2): a prospective cohort study
Authors: Maarten G Lansberg, Matus Straka, Stephanie Kemp, Michael Mlynash, Lawrence R Wechsler, Tudor G Jovin, Michael J Wilder, Helmi L Lutsep, Todd J Czartoski, Richard A Bernstein, Cherylee WJ Chang, Steven Warach, Franz Fazekas, Manabu Inoue, Aaryani Tipirneni, Scott A Hamilton, Greg Zaharchuk, Michael P Marks, Roland Bammer, Gregory W Albers
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2012)