tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"DEAF MUTES," WITH CLINIC.
Authors: MAURY M. STAPLER
Journal: JAMA (1899)

On July 28, 1898, Amie McB., a deaf and dumb young man, was brought to me for treatment by Mr. Robert Freeman, who claims to have known him all his life, and he gave me the following history: The young man was born at Columbus, Ga., eighteen years ago, the exact date is not known. His father died when he was very young and his mother married a second time, and moved to Macon when he was in his teens; he was employed as a soap wrapper, and when the family decided to move from here he was allowed to remain. His mother states that the fact of his being deaf was discovered when about 3 years of age; she says he has never had any very serious sickness, and has contracted none of the eruptive fevers from which deafness is so often traced; that she believes he was born
Novel thermosensitive hydrogel injection inhibits post‐infarct ventricle remodelling
Authors: Tao Wang, De‐Qun Wu, Xue‐Jun Jiang, Xian‐Zheng Zhang, Xiao‐Yan Li, Jin‐Feng Zhang, Zhao‐Bin Zheng, Renxi Zhuo, Hong Jiang, Congxin Huang
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Obscure gastrointestinal haemorrhage of small-bowel origin.
Authors: J N Thompson, A P Hemingway, G A McPherson, H C Rees, D J Allison, J Spencer
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The records of 37 patients investigated for obscure gastrointestinal haemorrhage originating from the small bowel were reviewed retrospectively. Bleeding was caused by Meckel9s diverticula in eight cases, smooth muscle tumours in seven cases, vascular anomalies in 14 cases, and other single lesions in eight cases. The lesions were identified by angiography in 18 patients, operation in 17, and barium follow through examination in two. Only one patient under 50 years of age had a lesion that would not have been found by careful laparotomy. Early laparotomy is advisable in patients aged under 50 with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding; expert selective angiography is recommended before operation in patients aged over 50 and those who have already undergone a laparotomy yielding negative results.
Influenza Vaccine and Itchy Tattoos
Authors: PAUL KRAVITZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1978Influenza Vaccine and Itchy TattoosPAUL KRAVITZ, M.D.PAUL KRAVITZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-3-428_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The Center for Disease Control's recommendations on influenza vaccine (Ann Intern Med87:316-318, 1977) fails to report one complication that I have observed in two patients recently. Many vaccines, including bivalent influenza vaccine, contain a complex organic mercurial compound (thimerosal) that is used as preservative (1). Both of my patients, young men who had tattoos on their forearms, one for several months and the other for several years, received bivalent influenza vaccine. Each tattoo contained a cinnabar (mercury) area. Within seconds in one and hours in the other of receiving the vaccine, each patient developed intense itching,...References1. Package Insert: Fluogen. Detroit, Parke, Davis & Co., 1977 Google Scholar2. BIROKLEIN LW: Unusual complication of mercurial (cinnabar) tattoo. Arch Dermatol 96:165-167, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DAVIS R: Hazards of tattooing: report of two cases of dermatitis caused by sensitization to mercury (cinnabar). US Armed Forces Med J 11:261-280, 1960 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. FISHER A: Contact Dermatitis, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Lea and Febiger, 1975, p. 92 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Roger Williams General Hospital Providence, RI 02907 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1978Volume 88, Issue 3Page: 428-428KeywordsPreservativesPruritusVaccines Issue Published: 1 March 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Systemic Vasculitis Presenting as an Acute Abdomen
Authors: H.A. Shepherd, C. Patel, J. Bamforth, P. Isaacson
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

Three cases of upper gastrointestinal vasculitis presenting as acute abdominal emergencies highlight an uncommon but often fatal presentation of systemic vasculitis. Although abdominal symptoms are common in such diseases, there may be a doubt during assessment of the patient as to whether the gastrointestinal tract is the prime target organ. Radiology is often negative during the acute illness. Endoscopy was important in documenting early and more advanced bleeding lesions of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and Henoch-Schoenlein disease, both conditions in which upper gastrointestinal lesions are rare. The gastric and duodenal vasculitic lesions demonstrated by endoscopy in such a clinical setting were confirmed histologically. Endoscopic assessment and early aggressive medical therapy contributed significantly towards the overall successful outcome. Gastroduodenoscopy has not been used either routinely or as an emergency investigation for the assessment of patients with vasculitis who present with acute abdominal pain. Involvement of the stomach and duodenum by vasculitis is therefore poorly appreciated, but remains a serious complication of vasculitic disease when the gastrointestinal tract is the prime target organ, and the information gained by endoscopy in a difficult clinical situation might alter the overall outcome of the disease.
Occupational asthma caused by a plastics blowing agent, azodicarbonamide.
Authors: A J Slovak
Journal: Thorax (1981)

A prevalence study of occupational asthma was carried out by questionnaire in 1980 among a group of 151 workers who had been exposed to azodicarbonamide dust in the process of its manufacture. Twenty-eight (18.5%) people without previous asthma gave a history of episodes of late onset asthma after exposure to azodicarbonamide. Re-exposure caused repetition and worsening of symptoms. Immediate removal from further exposure resulted in rapid cessation of symptoms without further recurrence. Seven of 13 sensitised individuals who were still exposed three months after the onset of disease developed prolonged airways hyperreactivity to common environmental irritants. Azodicarbonamide should be excluded as a causative agent in plastics and rubber industry workers complaining of occupational asthma.
Dermatological features in Behçet disease-associated vena cava obstruction
Authors: S-H. Oh, J-H. Lee, J-U. Shin, D. Bang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Behçet disease (BD) is a multisystemic disorder that is classified as vasculitis and can affect all types and sizes of blood vessels. Although vascular diseases are not regarded as essential for a diagnosis of BD, vascular complications can be fatal.The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics of 14 patients with BD accompanied by an obstruction of the superior vena cava (VC), the inferior VC, or both, and then determine the dermatological features that indirectly suggest VC obstructions in patients with BD.Among the 3500 patients registered at the BD Specialty Clinic of Severance Hospital from 1997 to 2006, 14 patients were diagnosed with BD-associated VC obstructions. Their medical records were reviewed.Nine of the 14 patients with BD were male, and the age range for disease onset was 11-46 years. Computed tomography revealed superior VC thrombosis in seven patients, inferior VC thrombosis in four patients, and the involvement of both in three patients. The most prominent features in superior VC obstruction were facial oedema (n = 7, 50%) and neck vein distension (n = 6, 43%). Other features included dilated veins in the chest wall, upper body oedema, proptosis, and upper extremity swelling. Patients with an inferior VC obstruction commonly had dilated veins on the abdominal walls. These patients also had abdominal distension and lower extremity swelling. Corticosteroids, colchicine, immunosuppressants, and anticoagulants with or without heparinization were the most common treatment regimens giving good response. Attempts to treat patients with a high dose of steroid pulse therapy were ineffective. Ballooning venoplasty was a useful therapeutic modality for VC thrombosis during the early stage, although this procedure could not be performed in patients with BD with severe thrombosis.Several cutaneous features of VC obstruction should be recognized in patients with BD. Early detection might permit an early diagnosis and treatment of occlusion of the VC.
Tobacco Control 50 Years After the 1964 Surgeon General’s Report
Authors: Steven A. Schroeder, Howard K. Koh
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characterizing the Relationship Between Free Drug Samples and Prescription Patterns for Acne Vulgaris and Rosacea
Authors: Michael P. Hurley, Randall S. Stafford, Alfred T. Lane
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Describing the relationship between the availability of free prescription drug samples and dermatologists' prescribing patterns on a national scale can help inform policy guidelines on the use of free samples in a physician's office.To investigate the relationships between free drug samples and dermatologists' local and national prescribing patterns and between the availability of free drug samples and prescription costs.Cross-sectional study investigating prescribing practices for acne, a common dermatologic condition for which free samples are often available. The settings were, first, the offices of nationally representative dermatologists from the National Disease and Therapeutic Index (an IMS Health Incorporated database) and, second, an academic medical center clinic without samples. Participants were ambulatory patients who received a prescription from a dermatologist for a primary initial diagnosis of acne vulgaris or rosacea in 2010.National trends in dermatologist prescribing patterns, the degree of correlation between the availability of free samples and the prescribing of brand-name medications, and the mean cost of acne medications prescribed per office visit nationally and at an academic medical center without samples.On a national level, the provision of samples with a prescription by dermatologists has been increasing over time, and this increase is correlated (r = 0.92) with the use of the branded generic drugs promoted by these samples. Branded and branded generic drugs comprised most of the prescriptions written nationally (79%), while they represented only 17% at an academic medical center clinic without samples. Because of the increased use of branded and branded generic drugs, the national mean total retail cost of prescriptions at an office visit for acne was conservatively estimated to be 2 times higher (approximately $465 nationally vs $200 at an academic medical center without samples).Free drug samples can alter the prescribing habits of physicians away from the use of less expensive generic medications. The benefits of free samples in dermatology must be weighed against potential negative effects on prescribing behavior and prescription costs.
Animal Models of Nonthyroidal Disease*
Authors: Joseph M. Tibaldi, Martin I. Surks
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1985)

Rats bearing transplantable Walker 256 carcinoma provide an opportunity to assess thyroid function and activity during an interval of time when the tumor has not affected growth rate. Rats with tumor have decreased serum T4 and T3 concentration and decreased serum FT4 and FT3 as well. These changes are due to a decrease in binding of iodothyronines by the serum binding proteins, an increase in the fractional rate of T4 metabolism and a decrease in thyroidal secretion. The decrease in activity of the thyroid gland appears to be due to reduced sensitivity of the thyroid to circulating TSH. Despite decreased serum FT4 and FT3 concentrations, serum TSH remains normal, not increased as would be anticipated in a hypothyroidal animal. Nevertheless, a further experimental decrease in serum T4 and/ or T3 from the already reduced serum iodothyronine levels of the tumor bearing rat results in a normal increment in serum TSH. Thus, TSH secretion appears to be regulated normally despite decreased concentrations of pituitary nuclear T3. This finding suggests that tumor bearing rats have greater than normal sensitivity to T3 in their regulation of TSH secretion. Rats with Walker 256 carcinoma have decreased concentrations of hepatic nuclear T3 receptors and a decrease in T3 specifically bound to the receptors. The fractional occupancy of hepatic nuclear receptors appears relatively normal. The dose-response of alpha-GPD in relation to fractional nuclear T3 receptor occupancy appears shifted up and to the left in tumor bearing rats, whereas the curve for ME is shifted down to the right. The appearance rates of these enzymes are described by similar functions. These findings suggest that postreceptor factors in tumor bearing rats may result in augmentation of some and depression of other biologic responses to thyroid hormones. If the results of these studies are extended to sick patients, they may provide a possible mechanism whereby patients maintain the euthyroid clinical state despite a decrease in serum T3. Thus, postreceptor factors may enhance those thyroidal responses which characterize the euthyroid clinical state. Moreover, attenuation of other thyroidal responses related to conservation of protein may provide a distinct adaptive advantage to the patient with nonthyroidal illness with or without decreased food consumption.
LONG-TERM SAFETY OF ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY IN NON-ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Emil L. Fosbøl, Tracy Y. Wang, Jonathan Piccini, Renato D. Lopes, Bimal Shah, Karen P. Alexander, Shuang Li, Matthew T. Roe, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Clinical cofactors and hepatic fibrosis in hereditary hemochromatosis: The role of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Marnie J. Wood, Lawrie W. Powell, Jeannette L. Dixon, Grant A. Ramm
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

The risk of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in hereditary hemochromatosis relates to the degree of iron loading, but iron alone does not explain the variability in disease penetrance. This study sought to identify clinical cofactors that increase the risk of progressive liver disease. We identified 291 patients from our database who were homozygous for the C282Y mutation in HFE and had undergone a liver biopsy with quantification of hepatic iron concentration (HIC) and fibrosis staging. Data were collected from a retrospective chart review, including age, gender, alcohol consumption, medical therapy, smoking history, metabolic risk factors, mobilizable iron, and laboratory results. Male gender, excess alcohol consumption, HIC, and the presence of diabetes were independently associated with increasing fibrosis stage in multivariate analysis. Of these, the presence of diabetes showed the strongest association (odds ratio, 7.32; P = 0.03). The presence of steatosis was associated with higher fibrosis scores, but this was of borderline statistical significance. Risk factors for hepatic steatosis were male gender, impaired glucose tolerance, and increased body mass index. The presence of diabetes was associated with more severe hepatic fibrosis independent of iron loading, male gender, and alcohol consumption. The mechanism for this association is unknown and deserves further evaluation; however, it is possible that diabetes produces an additional hepatic oxidative injury from hyperglycemia. Thus, management of such cofactors in patients with hemochromatosis is important to reduce the risk of liver injury and fibrosis.
Pretreatment prediction of virological response to peginterferon plus ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients using viral and host factors
Authors: Haruaki Shirakawa, Akihiro Matsumoto, Satoru Joshita, Michiharu Komatsu, Naoki Tanaka, Takeji Umemura, Tetsuya Ichijo, Kaname Yoshizawa, Kendo Kiyosawa, Eiji Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Abstract The interferon sensitivity determining region (ISDR) of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and T-helper type 1 and type 2 (Th1/Th2) ratio were analyzed along with other host and viral factors for their ability to predict the response of patients with chronic hepatitis C to pegylated interferon alpha-2b (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) combination therapy. A total of 120 chronic hepatitis C patients with genotype 1 HCV and high baseline viral loads who were to undergo combination therapy scheduled for 48 weeks were enrolled. Sustained virologic response (SVR) was achieved in 54 (45%) of the 120 patients. The pretreatment factors significantly associated with SVR by logistic regression analysis were ISDR mutant [odds ratio (OR) = 86.0, P = 0.0008], Th1/Th2 ratio ≤ 15.5 (OR = 9.6, P = 0.0021), body weight 59 kg, and neutrophil count 2,300/μL. A logistic regression model to estimate SVR before combination therapy was constructed using these four factors. Patients fell into three groups when plotted according to estimated and actual SVR rates: actual SVR rate was 91% (32/35) in the high sensitivity group, 41% (15/37) in the intermediate sensitivity group, and 15% (7/48) in the low sensitivity group. Rapid or early virological responses were seen in 80% of patients with high sensitivity and who achieved SVR but were found in only 40% of patients with intermediate or low sensitivity. Null- and very late virological responses were quite rare in the high sensitivity group. In conclusion, a logistic regression model that includes the sequence of ISDR of the HCV, Th1/Th2 ratio, body weight, and neutrophil count can be useful for accurately predicting actual SVR rate before combination therapy. (Hepatology 2008;48:1753-1760.)
Lipocortin 1: glucocorticoids caught in the act?
Authors: S. F. Smith
Journal: Thorax (1996)

Glucocorticoids (glucocorticosteroids, corticosteroids) have an important place in the treatment of many inflammatory conditions including those of the respiratory tract. Their mechanisms of action include both the suppression of proinflammatory mediators and the upregulation of at least one anti-inflammatory protein, lipocortin 1 (also known as annexin 1). Lipocortin 1 has been convincingly demonstrated to mediate the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids in a variety of in vivo and in vitro models of inflammation. The actions of lipocortin 1 in the lung have not been fully elucidated. If, as initial studies suggest, its effects in the respiratory tract are shown to be anti-inflammatory, it is possible that administration of lipocortin 1 peptides, or other drugs based on the active site of lipocortin 1, might prove to be useful agents for the control of respiratory tract inflammation.
Methods to assess the costs and health effects of interventions for improving health in developing countries
Authors: David B Evans, Tessa Tan-Torres Edejer, Taghreed Adam, Stephen S Lim
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Choosing Interventions that are Cost Effective (CHOICE) Millennium Development Goals Team Assessment of the cost effectiveness of interventions designed to achieve the millennium development goals for health is complex.The methods must be capable of showing the efficiency with which current and possible new resources are used, and incorporating interactions between concurrent interventions and the effect of expanding coverage on unit costs. 1 They should also allow valid comparisons across a wide range of interventions.Here we describe how the standardised cost effectiveness methods used in the World Health Organization's Choosing Interventions that are Cost Effective (CHOICE) project have tackled these issues.
Effectiveness and Cost-Benefit of Influenza Vaccination of Healthy Working Adults
Authors: Carolyn Buxton Bridges, William W. Thompson, Martin I. Meltzer, Gordon R. Reeve, Walter J. Talamonti, Nancy J. Cox, Heather A. Lilac, Henrietta Hall, Alexander Klimov, Keiji Fukuda
Journal: JAMA (2000)

HE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF IN-][21] To date, only 1 randomized, placebocontrolled cost-effectiveness study among healthy working adults has been published. 6That study, conducted from the societal perspective, reported a net savings of $46.85 per healthy adult worker vaccinated against influenza.3][14][15][16][17][18] Most influenza vaccine studies of healthy working adults have been
High-Mobility Group Box 1 Is Dispensable for Autophagy, Mitochondrial Quality Control, and Organ Function In Vivo
Authors: Peter Huebener, Geum-Youn Gwak, Jean-Philippe Pradere, Catarina M. Quinzii, Richard Friedman, Chyuan-Sheng Lin, Chad M. Trent, Ingmar Mederacke, Enpeng Zhao, Dianne H. Dapito, Yuxi Lin, Ira J. Goldberg, Mark J. Czaja, Robert F. Schwabe
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)
Review: Xpert MTB/RIF assay detects extrapulmonary TB in lymph nodes and CSF, but not pleural fluid
Authors: Sharon Walmsley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Denkinger CM, Schumacher SG, Boehme CC, et al. Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J. 2014;44:435-46. 24696113
Noncoding RNA danger motifs bridge innate and adaptive immunity and are potent adjuvants for vaccination
Authors: Lilin Wang, Dan Smith, Simona Bot, Luis Dellamary, Amy Bloom, Adrian Bot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

The adaptive immune response is triggered by recognition of T and B cell epitopes and is influenced by "danger" motifs that act via innate immune receptors. This study shows that motifs associated with noncoding RNA are essential features in the immune response reminiscent of viral infection, mediating rapid induction of proinflammatory chemokine expression, recruitment and activation of antigen-presenting cells, modulation of regulatory cytokines, subsequent differentiation of Th1 cells, isotype switching, and stimulation of cross-priming. The heterogeneity of RNA-associated motifs results in differential binding to cellular receptors, and specifically impacts the immune profile. Naturally occurring double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) triggered activation of dendritic cells and enhancement of specific immunity, similar to selected synthetic dsRNA motifs. Based on the ability of specific RNA motifs to block tolerance induction and effectively organize the immune defense during viral infection, we conclude that such RNA species are potent danger motifs. We also demonstrate the feasibility of using selected RNA motifs as adjuvants in the context of novel aerosol carriers for optimizing the immune response to subunit vaccines. In conclusion, RNA-associated motifs produced during viral infection bridge the early response with the late adaptive phase, regulating the activation and differentiation of antigen-specific B and T cells, in addition to a short-term impact on innate immunity.