tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sympathomimetic amines and cardiac arrhythmias
Authors: E Oppenheimer, E Akavia, S Shavit, A D Korczyn
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

The aim was to investigate the arrhythmogenic properties of several sympathomimetic amines and their antagonism by adrenergic blocking drugs.Arrhythmia was induced by the investigated drugs, injected intravenously: adrenaline (ADR); noradrenaline (NA); phenylephrine (PE); isoprenaline (IP); terbutaline (Tb) and salbutamol (Sb). ADR and PE were also tested for their arrhythmogenic properties after the administration of the adrenergic antagonists propranolol, phentolamine, or both. The dose required to induce arrhythmia and the proportion of animals that developed arrhythmia at a given dose were recorded.63 anaesthetised cats of either sex, weight 2.0-4.3 kg, were used.The electrocardiogram was recorded continuously. The arrhythmogenic potency sequence (expressed as arrhythmogenic dose, AD50 in micrograms) was: ADR 16; NA 24; PE 75; IP 133; Tb 500; Sb greater than 1000. The arrhythmogenic efficacy (in %) was: ADR 97; NA 91; PE 90; IP 82; Tb 50; and Sb 0. Propranolol and phentolamine were both effective in reducing the arrhythmogenic effects of ADR and PE. However, their combined administration was most effective and abolished the arrhythmias.Arrhythmogenicity is a property of sympathomimetic amines with either alpha or beta adrenergic effects, but simultaneous activation of both types of receptors is required for maximal manifestations. Similarly, antagonism at both sites is necessary in order to abolish arrhythmias induced by sympathomimetic amines completely.
GP suspended for lying to cover up negligence
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A north London GP accused of forging a letter and lying in another letter to cover up negligent treatment of two patients has been suspended for 12 months by the General Medical Council.

Dr Ahmed Abdelsalam Moneeb of Palmers Green was found to have made misleading and dishonest statements in a letter that he wrote in response to a complaint by a patient, Ms Margaret Cleary. She had said he diagnosed her with influenza over the telephone and refused to make a home visit. Ms Cleary later admitted herself to hospital and was found to have …
RADIUM IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER OF THE CERVIX UTERI
Authors: GRANT E. WARD
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The purpose of this paper is threefold: First, to describe the technic of radium treatment of carcinoma of the cervix uteri as used in the Howard A. Kelly Hospital; second, to compare our later statistics with those of former years to determine the value of the advancements made in technic since the first case of cervical cancer treated in our clinic, in 1908,<sup>1</sup>and, third, to review briefly some statistics of other clinics. <h3>TECHNIC</h3> Any form of medical or surgical technic should be as simple as efficiency and accuracy will permit, and, as far as possible, comfortable for the patient. Three forms of radium application are employed in the treatment of cancer of the cervix: (1) direct application of screened radon to the accessible growth; (2) implantation of radon seeds into the local growth or lateral extension, and (3) heavy cross-firing through the pelvis from several portals over the
Medication Errors with Inhalant Epinephrine Mimicking an Epidemic of Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Steven L. Solomon, Evelyn M. Wallace, E. L. Ford-Jones, W. Mark Baker, William J. Martone, Irwin J. Kopin, Ann D. Critz, James R. Allen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

MEDICATION errors in the care of hospitalized patients are reported to occur as often as 1 in every 20 to 1 in every 6 doses of medication administered.1 2 3 4 In January 1982, we investigated an outbreak of severe, unexplained illness occurring on a neonatal ward at one hospital. Patients were initially diagnosed as having neonatal sepsis, but epidemiologic and laboratory investigation showed that these illnesses were the result of a recurring medication error involving the substitution of epinephrine for vitamin E.Description of the OutbreakOn January 18 and 19, 1982, five babies on the neonatal intermediate-care ward at one hospital . . .
Serum Fetuin-A Levels for the Detection and Evaluation of the Left Ventricular Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Mesut Keçebaş, Sümeyye Güllülü, Saim Sağ, Ebru Açıkgöz, Feyzullah Beşli, Tunay Şentürk, Aysel Aydın Kaderli, Bülent Özdemir, İbrahim Baran, Emre Sarandöl, Ali Aydınlar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
BILATERAL RIGIDITY IN MIDDLE MENINGEAL HAEMORRHAGE
Authors: G. Jefferson
Journal: BMJ (1921)

BILATERAL RIGIDITY IN MIDDLE MENTNGEAL I!AEMORRtIAGE.rT MIBBJorNA 683 before this baby's birth, from attacks of urticaria, local oedema, and hav fever after eating acid fruits or bananas, and had also once had severe asthmatic symptoms.One sister was subject
A Prospective Study of Pregravid Determinants of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: C G Solomon, W C Willett, V J Carey, J Rich-Edwards, D J Hunter, G A Colditz, M J Stampfer, F E Speizer, D Spiegelman, J E Manson
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Context.</h3> —Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 3% to 5% of pregnancies. Knowledge of risk factors for GDM is needed to identify possible preventive strategies. <h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess whether recognized determinants of non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus also may be markers for increased risk of GDM. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The Nurses' Health Study II, which involves female US nurses aged 25 to 42 years at entry. <h3>Participants.</h3> —The analyses included 14613 women without previous GDM or other known diabetes who reported a singleton pregnancy between 1990 and 1994. Of these women, 722 (4.9%) reported a new diagnosis of GDM. <h3>Main Outcome Measure:</h3> Self-report of GDM, validated by medical record review in a subset. <h3>Results.</h3> —multivariate analyses including age, pregravid body mass index (BMI), and other GDM risk factors, the risk for GDM increased significantly with increasing maternal age (<i>P</i>for trend, &lt;.01) and family history of diabetes mellitus (relative risk, 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39-2.04). Relative risks for GDM were 2.13 (95% CI, 1.65-2.74) for pregravid BMI of 25 to 29.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>and 2.90 (95% CI, 2.15-3.91) for BMI of 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>or more (vs BMI of &lt;20 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) Risk for GDM increased with greater weight gain in early adulthood, and it also increased among nonwhite women. Pregravid current smokers had a relative risk for GDM of 1.43 (95% CI, 1.14-1.80), and pregravid vigorous exercise was associated with a nonsignificant reduction in GDM risk. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Advanced maternal age, family history of diabetes mellitus, nonwhite ethnicity, higher BMI, weight gain in early adulthood, and cigarette smoking predict increased GDM risk. These observations may facilitate the identification of women at particular risk for GDM and suggest potential strategies for reducing this risk even before a woman becomes pregnant, such as avoiding substantial weight gain and smoking.
Anti-prostate Antibodies in Arthritis
Authors: A. Grimble, M. H. Lessof
Journal: BMJ (1965)

ResultsReiter's syndrome was diagnosed in 28 cases, 23 of which gave positive reactions and 15 had specific positive tests for antibody to prostatic antigen (see Table I).Four out of 20 possible cases of Reiter's syndrome were also specifically posi- tive, and so also were 18 out of 46 cases of ankylosing spondylitis.This was evidently not an exclusive test for Reiter's syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis, since it was found on 18 July
Similar A1C Outcomes in Type 1 Diabetic Patients Undergoing Intensive Diabetes Management With Preprandial Rapid-Acting Insulin and Either CSII or Glargine
Authors: Anne Peters Harmel, Ruchi Mathur
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

The importance of achieving and maintaining tight glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes is well known (1). Continuous insulin infusion therapy (CSII) has been available for many years, but only recently have reports of efficacy with rapid-acting insulin analogues been published. Similarly, multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy using glargine insulin in conjunction with premeal rapid-acting insulin is relatively new (2).

In our diabetes center, all patients with type 1 diabetes receive …
Use of Antibiotics Is Not Associated With Decreased Risk of Myocardial Infarction Among Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Andrew John Karter, David H. Thom, Jennifer Liu, Howard H. Moffet, Assiamira Ferrara, Joe V. Selby
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To study the relationship between exposure to antibiotic treatment and risk of subsequent myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A case-control design was used to assess the effect of previous antibiotic exposure in diabetes patients with acute, nonfatal or fatal MI (case subjects) and individually matched control subjects (four control subjects to one case subject, matched on sex, age, and index date). Subjects were sampled from the Northern California Kaiser Permanente Diabetes Registry, a well-characterized, ethnically diverse diabetic population from Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northern California Region. MI events were ascertained during a 2-year observation period (1998–1999). Separate conditional logistic regression models were specified to assess antibiotic exposure history (cephalosporins only, penicillins only, macrolides only, quinolones only, sulfonamides only, tetracyclines only, as well as more than one, any, or no antibiotic) for three nested windows before the index date (0–6 months, 0–12 months, 0–24 months), facilitating assessment of whether the potential effect was dependent on the timing of the exposure. RESULTS—A total of 1,401 MI case subjects were observed. Odds ratios were calculated in models adjusted for age, sex, race, education attainment, time since diabetes diagnosis, diabetes type and treatment, use of diet and exercise, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride levels, hypertension, elevated urinary albumin excretion, serum creatinine, BMI, and smoking. We found no evidence of a protective effect of any of these therapeutic classes of antibiotics during any of the three time frames. CONCLUSIONS—Our study does not support the hypothesis that use of antibiotics has a protective effect for prevention of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis protects against HIV infection in real world setting, study finds
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with a daily antiretroviral drug is highly protective among men who have sex with men in England and reduced the risk of HIV infection by 86%, a study has found. NHS England is now considering whether PrEP should be used in the NHS to reduce the rate of new HIV infections, which stands at about 2500 a year and has remained unchanged for 10 years.

Michael Brady, medical director at the HIV charity the Terrence Higgins Trust, called the study results “a game changer” and urged the government “to make PrEP a key priority in the fight against HIV.”

The study has not yet been peer reviewed or published, but the results were presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Seattle, Washington, on 24 February. It looked at whether offering PrEP in the form of …
Lipoprotein(a) and risk of myocardial infarction
Authors: A. Gaw
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —In their recent study, Ridker et al 1 found no evidence of an association between plasma lipoprotein(a) concentration and risk of future myocardial infarction (MI). While this is an important addition to the literature, being the largest prospective study to date, a number of details omitted from the article limit the ability of the interested reviewer to assess its full significance.  Neither the racial breakdown nor the age range of the nested study group is given. It is insufficient to state that the cases and controls were predominantly white when it has been well recognized that ethnic origin plays a significant role in the determination of plasma Lp(a) concentrations. 2 The age distribution of the groups would not necessarily affect the Lp(a) levels but may significantly influence the observed association between plasma Lp(a) concentration and risk of MI. Previous studies have reported that the association between plasma
Louis Pasteur: Free Lance of Science.
Authors: Beatrice Carrier Seegal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Protective Effects of Carvedilol Against Anthracycline-Induced Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nihat Kalay, Emrullah Basar, Ibrahim Ozdogru, Ozlem Er, Yakup Cetinkaya, Ali Dogan, Abdurrahman Oguzhan, Namik Kemal Eryol, Ramazan Topsakal, Ali Ergin, Tugrul Inanc
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Health for the people or cash for the clever?
Authors: T E Lankester
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Doctors, of course, know that their prime task is to unearth and treat the real needs of their patients. Patients, of course, know, not least those who are poor and oppressed, that the doctor's job is to treat immediately and effectively the felt needs they show him. If teeth ache they should be pulled out, if coughs tickle they should be soothed with some medicine, and if a child is thin he must be given a tonic. The ignorance and stupidity of new style health workers is amply confirmed when they give injections to well children, sputum tests for grandfather's cough, and family planning advice to the mothers of thin children.
Persuasion and Healing: A Comparative Study of Psychotherapy
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Psychoanalysis, individual psychology, gestalt therapy, client-centered counseling, faith healing, hypnosis, encounter groups, transactional therapy, behavior modification, and existentialist analysis are some of the different treatments available for unhappy, fearful, and anxious sufferers. The proponents of each method offer a theoretical explanation of their rationale and report sizable numbers of successes. Which is the best method? Which is the most correct theory? Are any of them of any value? Or should everyone be treated with pills or diet or surgery? Jerome D. Frank, professor of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins, believes there is real value in psychotherapy, which he describes as treatment that "relies primarily on the healer's ability to mobilize healing forces in the sufferer by psychological means." However, he believes that the principal value lies not in the postulated theoretical bases but in factors that are common to all the various forms of therapy. He points out that all patients
Staphylococcal Invasion of Pulmonary Infarcts
Authors: B. A. Elliott, G. A. Gresham, D. N. Phear
Journal: BMJ (1960)

RESPIRATORY OBSTRUCTION IN HAEMOPHILIACSMXBRJx none of the cases quoted was there an interval of less than 12 hours between the first symptoms and the onset of respiratory discomfort (often it was much longer).Since adequate antihaemophilic therapy should reverse the swelling in 6 to 12 hours, the first 24 hours should allow time for assessment of the airway and the making of a decision on what measures are needed to ensure free respiration.This decision, which must be made on purely clinical grounds, may well be very difficult.One further point must be made here-namely, if the haematoma involved the larynx ab initio, as a result of direct trauma (Edmonds, 1951).Here obviously there is no alternative to immediate tracheotomy.Summary The syndrome arising from bleeding into the tongue, floor of the mouth, and adjacent tissues in haemo- philiacs is described.The aetiology and treatment of the condition, with particular reference to the risk of asphyxia and the role that the anaesthetist may be asked to play in the treatment, are discussed.Twelve further instances of the syndrome, in 10 patients, are described.Of these, one patient died, two patients required -nasopharyngeal intubation to overcome respiratory obstruction, seven cases resolved with antihaemophilic treatment alone, and two required no therapy beyond a short stay in hospital for observation to ensure that spontaneous resolution was taking place.
Effects of autonomic neuropathy on counterregulation and awareness of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic patients.
Authors: C Meyer, R Grossmann, A Mitrakou, R Mahler, T Veneman, J Gerich, R G Bretzel
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE: The recent EURODIAB Study has identified autonomic neuropathy as an independent risk factor for severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that counterregulatory catecholamine responses and awareness of hypoglycemia are impaired to a greater extent in type 1 diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy (AN+) than in those without autonomic neuropathy (AN-). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 22 type 1 diabetic patients (8 AN+, 14 AN-) matched for age, duration of diabetes, glycemic control, and history of hypoglycemic episodes. We also studied 33 nondiabetic control subjects using the stepped hypoglycemic clamp technique and determined glycemic thresholds and magnitudes of counterregulatory hormone responses and of hypoglycemia symptoms. RESULTS: Both groups of diabetic patients had reduced awareness of hypoglycemia as evidenced by an elevated glycemic threshold for autonomic symptoms &amp;gt; or =2 SD above normal but neither the magnitude nor thresholds for symptoms differed in AN+ patients and AN-patients. Both groups also had impaired glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol responses to hypoglycemia. However, in AN+ patients compared with AN-patients, magnitudes of epinephrine and norepinephrine responses (194+/-49 vs. 784+/-206 pmol/l, P &amp;lt; 0.007, and 316+/-56 vs. 610+/-87 pmol/l, P &amp;lt; 0.02, respectively) and epinephrine and norepinephrine glycemic thresholds (2.33+/- 0.10 vs. 2.82+/-0.10 mmol/l, P &amp;lt; 0.009 and 2.34+/-0.06 vs. 2.79+/-0.10 mmol/l, P &amp;lt; 0.008, respectively) were impaired to a greater extent. This was associated with a 50% greater requirement of exogenous glucose to prevent more severe hypoglycemia during the 2.3 mmol/l glycemic plateau (P &amp;lt; 0.002). No differences were observed between other counterregulatory hormone responses in AN+ and AN- patients. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in patients with type 1 diabetes, autonomic neuropathy further reduces counterregulatory catecholamine responses. Since this should increase the risk for severe hypoglycemia, one might consider safer therapeutic goals in these patients.
Insurance Status and the Transfer of Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Jonathan M. Schwartz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Letters3 June 2014Insurance Status and the Transfer of Hospitalized PatientsJonathan M. Schwartz, MD, MBAJonathan M. Schwartz, MD, MBAFrom Grosse Pointe Medical Group, Grosse Pointe Park, Michigan.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L14-5011-7 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITORWe read Hanmer and colleagues' article (1) with great interest. A patient's status as “insured” is probably the principal element in his or her likelihood to undergo interhospital transfer directly from the emergency department or after admission.Specifically, patients insured and enrolled in a managed care product, accountable care organization, or otherwise who are subject to the constraints of a specifically designated network of care and who present and are admitted to an out-of-network facility on an emergency or unplanned basis will be of great interest to their designated provider network for financial reasons. Patients and their ...Reference1. Hanmer J, Lu X, Rosenthal GE, Cram P. Insurance status and the transfer of hospitalized patients: an observational study. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160:81-90. [PMID: 24592493] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Grosse Pointe Medical Group, Grosse Pointe Park, Michigan.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L14-0156. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInsurance Status and the Transfer of Hospitalized Patients Janel Hanmer , Xin Lu , Gary E. Rosenthal , and Peter Cram Metrics 3 June 2014Volume 160, Issue 11Page: 810KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureInpatientsMotivationPatients ePublished: 3 June 2014 Issue Published: 3 June 2014 CopyrightCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Toll-like Receptors 3 and 7 Agonists Enhance Tumor Cell Lysis by Human γδ T Cells
Authors: Hamed Shojaei, Hans-Heinrich Oberg, Matthias Juricke, Lothar Marischen, Monika Kunz, Christoph Mundhenke, Frank Gieseler, Dieter Kabelitz, Daniela Wesch
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are considered adjuvants in clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we investigated the modulation of gammadelta T cell-mediated tumor cell lysis by TLR ligands. gammadelta T-cell cytotoxicity and granzyme A/B production were enhanced after pretreatment of tumor cells with TLR3 [poly(I:C)] or TLR7 ligand (imiquimod). We examined TLR3- and TLR7-expressing pancreatic adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck and lung carcinomas. Poly(I:C) treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinomas followed by coculture with gammadelta T cells resulted in an upregulation of CD54 on the tumor cells. The interaction of CD54 and the corresponding ligand CD11a/CD18 expressed on gammadelta T cells is responsible for triggering effector function in gammadelta T cells. Moreover, treatment with imiquimod downregulated MHC class I molecules on tumor cells possibly resulting in a reduced binding affinity for inhibitory receptor NKG2A expressed on gammadelta T cells. These results indicate that TLR3 or TLR7 ligand stimulation of tumor cells enhances the cytotoxic activity of expanded gammadelta T cells of cancer patients in vitro.