tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transfer of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to an AIDS patient leads to selection for mutant HIV variants and subsequent disease progression
Authors: Scott Koenig, Anthony J. Conley, Yambasu A. Brewah, Gary M. Jones, Simon Leath, Lynn J. Boots, Victoria Davey, Guiseppi Pantaleo, James F. Demarest, Charles Carter, Christine Wannebo, John R. Yannelli, Steven A. Rosenberg, H. Clifford Lane
Journal: Nature Medicine (1995)
Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by simultaneous embolization of the hepatic artery and the portal veins
Authors: Charles J. Lightdale
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is an effective means of treatment in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, in many cases of HCC the tumor recurs after treatment. In an attempt to obtain complete tumor necrosis, the authors studied the clinical and histologic effect of simultaneous embolization of both the hepatic artery and portal vein in ten patients with HCC. In those cases in which combined embolization caused infarction, tumor cells in the main tumor, tumor cells that had invaded the tumor capsule, and small intrahepatic metastases had become totally necrotic following treatment. No visible tumor cells were detected in four patients who subsequently underwent operations; nor were viable tumor cells present in one other patient who later died as a result of a perforated duodenal ulcer. Five patients who did not subsequently undergo operations were still free of the disease 2-17 months after combined arterial and portal embolization. The impact of combined embolization on liver function was nearly the same as that produced when TAE was performed alone. Combined embolization may be a viable alternative to hepatectomy for the treatment of HCC.
A Clinical Lecture ON GENU' VALGUM: Delivered at the Post-Graduate College and Polyclinic
Authors: C. A. Morton
Journal: BMJ (1902)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Peripheral vision comprises most of our visual field, and is essential in guiding visual behavior. Its characteristic low resolution has been explained by the most influential theory of peripheral vision as the product of representing the visual input using summary-statistics. Despite its success, this account may provide a limited understanding of peripheral vision, because it neglects processes of perceptual grouping and segmentation. To test this hypothesis, we studied how contextual modulation, namely the modulation of the perception of a stimulus by its surrounds, interacts with segmentation in human peripheral vision. We used naturalistic textures, which are directly related to summary-statistics representations. We show that segmentation cues affect contextual modulation, and that this is not captured by the summary-statistics model. We then characterize the effects of different texture statistics on contextual modulation, providing guidance for extending the model, as well as for probing neural mechanisms of peripheral vision.
Molecular profiling of classical Hodgkin lymphoma tissues uncovers variations in the tumor microenvironment and correlations with EBV infection and outcome
Authors: Bruno Chetaille, François Bertucci, Pascal Finetti, Benjamin Esterni, Aspasia Stamatoullas, Jean Michel Picquenot, Marie Christine Copin, Frank Morschhauser, Olivier Casasnovas, Tony Petrella, Thierry Molina, Anne Vekhoff, Pierre Feugier, Reda Bouabdallah, Daniel Birnbaum, Daniel Olive, Luc Xerri
Journal: Blood (2008)
DYX1C1 is required for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility
Authors: Aarti Tarkar, Niki T Loges, Christopher E Slagle, Richard Francis, Gerard W Dougherty, Joel V Tamayo, Brett Shook, Marie Cantino, Daniel Schwartz, Charlotte Jahnke, Heike Olbrich, Claudius Werner, Johanna Raidt, Petra Pennekamp, Marouan Abouhamed, Rim Hjeij, Gabriele Köhler, Matthias Griese, You Li, Kristi Lemke, Nikolas Klena, Xiaoqin Liu, George Gabriel, Kimimasa Tobita, Martine Jaspers, Lucy C Morgan, Adam J Shapiro, Stef J F Letteboer, Dorus A Mans, Johnny L Carson, Margaret W Leigh, Whitney E Wolf, Serafine Chen, Jane S Lucas, Alexandros Onoufriadis, Vincent Plagnol, Miriam Schmidts, Karsten Boldt, Ronald Roepman, Maimoona A Zariwala, Cecilia W Lo, Hannah M Mitchison, Michael R Knowles, Rebecca D Burdine, Joseph J LoTurco, Heymut Omran
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
ON THE PRESERVATION OF TYPHUS FEVER RICKETTSIAE IN CULTURES
Authors: Clara Nigg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1935)

1. Cultures of typhus fever rickettsiae were as a rule found to remain viable and virulent after being stored at 37° and –20°C. for several months, whereas they failed to survive when stored at the intermediate temperatures of 20° and –4°C. for 4 weeks and 10 days respectively. In one instance cultures were stored at 37°C. for 8 months without having been transferred, and were subsequently found to be viable and infectious. 2. The conditions influencing such long survival of an organism which seems to require living tissue for multiplication (as filterable viruses do in general) are discussed. 3. Typhus-infected tissues (minced guinea pig tunica) suspended in a serum-Tyrode mixture in sealed flasks remained infectious at 37°C. for at least 10 weeks. 4. Additional evidence for the etiological significance of the rickettsiae in typhus fever is obtained from the experiments described.
Book Review Moving beyond Prozac, DSM, and the New Psychiatry: The Birth of Postpsychiatry (Corporealities: Discourses of Disability.) By Bradley Lewis. 198 pp. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 2006. $70 (cloth); $24.95 (paper). 0-472-11464-6 (cloth); 0-472-03117-1 (paper).
Authors: Julie M. Aultman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)
Localization of calcium-binding protein in intestinal tissue by immunofluorescence in normal, vitamin-D-deficient and uraemic subjects
Authors: K. Helmke, K. Federlin, P. Piazolo, J. Stroder, R. Jeschke, H. E. Franz
Journal: Gut (1974)

Antiserum directed against calcium-binding protein isolated from human kidneys was used for the immunofluorescent localization of calcium-binding protein in human intestine and kidney. Frozen sections of intestine obtained by biopsy from normal persons were tested by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Specific fluorescence indicating the presence of calciumbinding protein was observed at both the basal and apical poles of the intestinal absorptive cells while the goblet cells appeared to fluoresce non-specifically. Treatment of rachitic children with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol generally restored the pattern of fluorescence seen in intestinal tissue from normal persons. Examinations of intestinal biopsies from uraemic patients yielded variable results.
Breast cancer: a case for conservation
Authors: A Y Rostom, R C Lallemand
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The principal causes of mortality of 754 individuals from a population of 1898 pensioners from four lead acid battery factories during the period 1 January 1925 to 31 December 1976 were studied. In addition the causes of 553 deaths occurring before retirement was also studied. All subjects were placed into one of three groups according to their history of lead exposure. Group 1 had no occupational lead exposure, group 2 low, and group 3 the highest. Mortality was studied in 16 principal disease groups as well as all causes combined. A significant excess of deaths from cerebrovascular accidents was found among pensioners dying between 1925 and 1976 in group 3 but not among men in the same exposure group dying in employment. There was also a significant excess of deaths from renal disease among this group. After 1958, however, the causes of most of the deaths from renal disease were not those likely to be associated with exposure to lead. There was no significant excess of deaths from all causes, nor was there a significant excess of deaths in any of the exposure groups from cancer, hypertensive disease, nor any other circulatory disease. There was no excess of observed to expected deaths among any of the three groups of women in any of the cause groups examined. After the introduction of regular blood lead analysis in 1964 the blood lead distribution in men in group 3 had by 1976 come down to roughly the same level as group 2 in 1965-7. Since there was no excess of deaths in any of the 16 categories studied among group 2 subjects present conditions are probably now adequate to prevent any excess of mortality in any of the three groups.
Dublin hospital has backlog of 58 000 unreported x rays
Authors: M. Houston
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A major Dublin teaching hospital has admitted to having a backlog of several thousand unopened referral letters from GPs and that it has built up some 58 000 unreported x ray pictures in its adult radiology department.

The issue has led to calls for the resignation of the Irish health minister and the board of Tallaght Hospital, which provides services to patients in the west and southwest of the city. 

The hospital has strong links with Trinity College Dublin and serves as a teaching centre for a range of undergraduate health professional courses, including …
Antibodies to Viruses and to Pancreatic Islets in Nondiabetic and Insulkin-dependent Diabetic Patients
Authors: Jerry P Palmer, Marion K Cooney, Jeannette R Crossley, Priscilla H Hollander, Christopher M Aspli
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

Autoimmunity is frequently involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes, and viral infections have been implicated in some cases. We have investigated the possibility that islet cells and viruses share antigenic determinants with the result that antiviral antibodies would cross-react with islet cells. Antibody titers to Coxsackie B2, B3, B4, and B5, Influenza A and B, and mumps viruses were compared with islet cell antibody (ICA) titers in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic patients and in some diabetic patients followed prospectively for 1 yr postdiagnosis. Nondiabetic patients, with cultureproven Coxsackie B4 infections and large rises in Coxsackie B4 antibody titers, were evaluated for islet cell antibodies. No relationship between ICA and viral antibody titers was found either in diabetic or nondiabetic patients. We conclude that it is unlikely that islet cells and the viruses tested share antigenic determinants and other mechanisms relating viral infection and autoimmunity in insulin-dependent diabetes must be sought.
Safety of Sports for Athletes With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Rachel Lampert, Brian Olshansky, Hein Heidbuchel, Christine Lawless, Elizabeth Saarel, Michael Ackerman, Hugh Calkins, N.A. Mark Estes, Mark S. Link, Barry J. Maron, Frank Marcus, Melvin Scheinman, Bruce L. Wilkoff, Douglas P. Zipes, Charles I. Berul, Alan Cheng, Ian Law, Michele Loomis, Cheryl Barth, Cynthia Brandt, James Dziura, Fangyong Li, David Cannom
Journal: Circulation (2013)

The risks of sports participation for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patients are unknown.Athletes with ICDs (age, 10-60 years) participating in organized (n=328) or high-risk (n=44) sports were recruited. Sports-related and clinical data were obtained by phone interview and medical records. Follow-up occurred every 6 months. ICD shock data and clinical outcomes were adjudicated by 2 electrophysiologists. Median age was 33 years (89 subjects <20 years of age); 33% were female. Sixty were competitive athletes (varsity/junior varsity/traveling team). A pre-ICD history of ventricular arrhythmia was present in 42%. Running, basketball, and soccer were the most common sports. Over a median 31-month (interquartile range, 21-46 months) follow-up, there were no occurrences of either primary end point-death or resuscitated arrest or arrhythmia- or shock-related injury-during sports. There were 49 shocks in 37 participants (10% of study population) during competition/practice, 39 shocks in 29 participants (8%) during other physical activity, and 33 shocks in 24 participants (6%) at rest. In 8 ventricular arrhythmia episodes (device defined), multiple shocks were received: 1 at rest, 4 during competition/practice, and 3 during other physical activity. Ultimately, the ICD terminated all episodes. Freedom from lead malfunction was 97% at 5 years (from implantation) and 90% at 10 years.Many athletes with ICDs can engage in vigorous and competitive sports without physical injury or failure to terminate the arrhythmia despite the occurrence of both inappropriate and appropriate shocks. These data provide a basis for more informed physician and patient decision making in terms of sports participation for athletes with ICDs.
Abstract 3736: IL6 feedback loop regulates breast cancer stem cells which mediate trastuzumab resistance.
Authors: April L. Davis, Hasan Korkaya, Maria Ouzounova, Fayaz Malik, Gwangil Kim, Ahmed A. Quraishi, Suling Liu, Shawn G. Clouthier, Max S. Wicha
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The development of HER2 targeting agents such as trastuzumab and lapatinib represents one of the greatest achievements in clinical oncology demonstrating the effectiveness of molecularly targeted therapeutics (2). Despite the clinical benefits of trastuzumab in improving progression free and overall survival, majority of patients demonstrate “intrinsic” resistance or develop “acquired” resistance within one-to-two years. Although inactivation of the PTEN gene has been implicated in the development of resistance to the HER2 targeting antibody trastuzumab, the mechanisms mediating this resistance remain to be investigated. We generated trastuzumab resistant cells by knocking down PTEN expression in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cell lines and demonstrated that development of trastuzumab resistance in these cells is mediated by activation of an IL6 inflammatory feedback loop leading to expansion of breast cancer stem cell (CSC) population. We and others previously demonstrated that cytokines including IL6 and IL8 regulates breast cancer stem cell self-renewal. Furthermore, elevated serum levels of these cytokines in breast cancer patients strongly correlated with metastatic disease and therapeutic resistance. We therefore hypothesized that activation of IL6 feedback loop may mediate trastuzumab resistance. Utilizing these models, we demonstrated that long term trastuzumab treatment generates highly enriched CSCs which display an EMT phenotype secreting over 100-fold more IL6 than parental cells. Recombinant IL6 or conditioned medium from high-IL6 secreting cells resulted in trastuzumab resistance in parental PTEN wild type cells expanding CSCs with EMT phenotype characterized by the CD44+/CD24- expression and EMT gene signature. An IL6 receptor antibody interrupted this inflammatory feedback loop reducing the cancer stem cell population resulting in decreased tumor growth and metastasis in mouse xenographs. These studies have important clinical implications demonstrating that trastuzumab resistance may be mediated by an IL-6 inflammatory loop and suggest that blocking this loop represents a novel strategy to overcome trastuzumab resistance. . Citation Format: April L. Davis, Hasan Korkaya, Maria Ouzounova, Fayaz Malik, Gwangil Kim, Ahmed A. Quraishi, Suling Liu, Shawn G. Clouthier, Max S. Wicha. IL6 feedback loop regulates breast cancer stem cells which mediate trastuzumab resistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3736. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3736
"FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY OF THE LIVER"
Authors: Joseph S. Diamond
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the article by Robertson, Swalm and Konzelmann inThe Journal, Dec. 17, 1932, appears an evaluation of the urobilinogen test. The success of the test always depends on the free flow of bile into the intestinal canal. As this may vary from day to day in certain pathologic states, it becomes necessary to examine the urine daily before any definite conclusion can be reached, in some instances. An afternoon specimen is more desirable in view of the physiologically increased postprandial activity of the liver. A strongly positive reaction is always indicative of parenchymatous damage to the liver cells. The<i>bête noire</i>referred to by Eusterman in his discussion on the differential diagnosis of jaundice can be readily overcome. When a strongly positive urobilinogen reaction appears in a jaundiced person in a urine containing bile, one may definitely conclude that one is dealing with a toxic hepatitis
Physicians Who Move
Authors: Robert C. Coe
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Steiber's SPECIAL COMMUNICATION in the Sept 24 issue (1982;248:1490) answers statistically some of the questions of which physicians move and why they move. It does, however, fail to take into consideration one group of moving physicians that, unfortunately, is on the rise. These are the escapees from medical discipline, those whose licenses have been revoked by various state authorities for unprofessional conduct or behavior. There are a multitude of other legally defined reasons why a license might be revoked, but they all come down to a single large classification—those physicians whose behavior fails to conform to the ethical standards by which we all should be governed. I am, of course, referring to the chemically dependent physician and the physician who abuses the trust placed in him by his patients—generally, those whose behavior lies outside the bounds of decency and propriety. These physicians migrate. They have certification
Disruption of the subendothelial basement membrane during neutrophil diapedesis in an in vitro construct of a blood vessel wall.
Authors: A R Huber, S J Weiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

To examine the course of physiologic interactions between extravasating neutrophils and the subendothelial basement membrane, a model of the venular vessel wall was constructed by culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells on a collagen matrix. After 21 d in culture, the endothelial cell monolayer displayed in vivo-like intercellular borders and junctions, deposited a single-layered, continuous basement membrane that was impenetrable to colloidal particles, and supported neutrophil extravasation in a physiologic manner. Using this model, we demonstrate that neutrophil transmigration in a plasma milieu was associated with a significant disruption of the retentive properties of the basement membrane in the absence of discernable morphologic changes. The loss of basement membrane integrity associated with neutrophil diapedesis was not dependent on neutrophil elastase or cathepsin G and was resistant to inhibitors directed against neutrophil collagenase, gelatinase, and heparanase. Despite the fact that this loss in matrix integrity could not be prevented, basement membrane defects were only transiently expressed before they were repaired by the overlying endothelium via a mechanism that required active protein and RNA synthesis. These data indicate that neutrophil extravasation and reversible basement membrane disruption are coordinated events that occur as a consequence of vessel wall transmigration.
Plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen in bronchial carcinoma and chronic bronchitis.
Authors: R Pauwels, M Van der Straeten
Journal: Thorax (1975)

The plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen were increased in 80% of 49 patients with bronchial carcinoma and in 68% of 25 patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. A single determination of the plasma carcinoembryonic antigen level has no prognostic value in patients with bronchial carcinoma.
Clinical Evaluation of Kidney Function
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE clinical value of tests of organ function can be assessed by weighing factors such as validity and accuracy against other factors such as availability, convenience, risk and expense. As tests of glomerular function, the time-honored measurements of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen must still be considered the preferred routine methods. Inulin clearances and recently introduced isotopic clearances1 2 3 4 are valid and accurate indexes of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but none of these technics share with creatinine and urea measurements the important features of convenience, low cost, negligible risk and widespread availability.Both creatinine and urea are handled largely by . . .
Myelodysplastic syndrome in childhood: a retrospective study of 189 patients in Japan
Authors: H Sasaki, A Manabe, S Kojima, M Tsuchida, Y Hayashi, K Ikuta, J Okamura, K Koike, A Ohara, E Ishii, Y Komada, S Hibi, T Nakahata
Journal: Leukemia (2001)
Immobilization of selenocystamine on TiO2 surfaces for in situ catalytic generation of nitric oxide and potential application in intravascular stents
Authors: Yajun Weng, Qiang Song, Yujuan Zhou, Liping Zhang, Jin Wang, Junying Chen, Yongxiang Leng, Suiyan Li, Nan Huang
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION, AORTIC VELOCITY AND LATE GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT ASSESSED BY REAL-TIME AND SINGLE SHOT CMR IS COMPARABLE TO BREATH-HELD SEGMENTED IMAGING: a prospective STUDY
Authors: Ashish Aneja, Chikako Ono, Debbie Scandling, Ning Jin, Alice Hinton, Michael Pennell, Subha Raman, Orlando Simonetti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Staphylococcal Septicemia Treated with Methicillin
Authors: John D. Allen, C. Evans Roberts, William M. M. Kirby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

SINCE the introduction of penicillin into clinical medicine nearly two decades ago, infections due to antibiotic-resistant staphylococci have become an increasingly serious problem. Penicillinase producers now account for more than 80 per cent of significant staphylococcal infections1 , 2 and were largely responsible for the sevenfold increase in deaths from staphylococcal septicemia reported during the years 1949 to 1959.3 Treatment has been relatively unsatisfactory, partly because of the debilitated state of many patients with severe staphylococcal infections. In addition, the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms, the frequent occurrence of toxicity and the relatively weak antistaphylococcal action of most antibiotics have limited the . . .
“Doctor, come quickly. There's been a nuclear incident”
Authors: Richard Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A friend of mine was recently late for the opera because he was preparing south London's plan for a nuclear attack. Despite living south of the Thames I don't think the plan justified missing the first bars of Turandot. But imagine the phone going in the middle of the night and a voice saying: “Doctor, can you come quickly? There's been a nuclear incident.” Would you have any idea how to respond? The evidence suggests you wouldn't, which is why it might be a good idea to read our clinical review on the subject (p 568).

Unintentional and …
Rapid Death Associated With Laetrile Ingestion
Authors: Leonard Sadoff
Journal: JAMA (1978)

LAETRILE, a federally banned, underground drug, has been used for the prevention and treatment of cancer since 1952. Recently several state legislatures have passed bills legalizing its use. This will undoubtedly lead to more widespread use of this controversial agent, despite the lack of adequate toxicity and safety data. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> In January 1976, a 17-year-old girl with mild asymptomatic pulmonary stenosis had a radical excision of a right frontal astrocytoma. At the time of surgery, she weighed 53 kg. A chest roentgenogram showed slight prominence of the pulmonary outflow tract. Results of a complete blood cell count and urinalysis were normal. The neurosurgeon believed that complete removal of the tumor was accomplished. Postoperatively, she was offered a course of radiotherapy, but she refused. She was seen in consultation by two cancer centers in the Los Angeles area. Both consultants concurred with the use of post-operative radiation, but