tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Q-T interval prolongation in cirrhosis: Prevalence, relationship with severity, and etiology of the disease and possible pathogenetic factors
Authors: Mauro Bernardi, Salvatore Calandra, Alessandra Colantoni, Franco Trevisani, Maria L. Raimondo, Giuseppe Sica, Filippo Schepis, Marina Mandini, Patrizia Simoni, Manuela Contin, Giovanni Raimondo
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Prolonged Q-T interval predicts severe arrhythmias and sudden death, and has been shown to occur in alcoholic liver disease and cirrhotic patients who are candidates for liver transplantation. This study first evaluated the prevalence of prolonged Q-T interval in a large population of unselected patients with cirrhosis, and assessed the relationship between abnormal Q-T, etiology, and severity of liver disease and mortality of patients. Possible causes of Q-T abnormality were also explored. Ninety-four patients with cirrhosis without overt heart disease and 37 control subjects with mild chronic active hepatitis were enrolled. Rate-corrected Q-T interval (Q-T c ) was assessed along with routine liver tests, Child-Pugh score, serum bile salts, electrolytes and creatinine, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, norepinephrine, atrial natriuretic factor and, gonadal hormones. Q-T c was longer in patients with cirrhosis than in controls (440.3 ± 3.2 vs. 393.6 ± 3.7 ms; P &lt; .001) and prolonged (&gt;440 ms) in 44 patients (46.8%) and 2 controls (5.4%; P &lt; .001).Q-T c length was not influenced by the etiology of cirrhosis and correlated with Child-Pugh score ( r = .53; P &lt; .001), liver tests such as prothrombin activity, and serum concentrations of albumin and bilirubin, plasma bile salts, and plasma norepinephrine. Multivariate analysis showed that only Child-Pugh score and plasma norepinephrine were independently correlated with Q-T c duration. Over a median follow-up period of 19 months (range, 2-33 months), patients with Q-T c longer than 440 ms had a significantly lower survival rate than those with normal Q-T c . Q-T interval is frequently prolonged in patients with cirrhosis, regardless the etiology of the disease, worsens in parallel with the severity of the disease, and may have an important prognostic meaning. In addition to other undefined factors related to the severity of cirrhosis, sympathoadrenergic hyperactivity may play a pathogenetic role.
X-ray Films of the Skull In Trauma Cases
Authors: Barry T. Held
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The implicit recommendation given to the widespread use of x-ray films of the skull in all cases of head trauma, which was the subject ofLaw and Medicinein the Oct 30,1972, issue ofThe Journal, is contrary to the prudent practice of medicine. In fact, a previousLaw and Medicinearticle (Feb 28,1972) was a good deal more realistic on this same subject. In an article by Bell and Loop entitled "The Utility and Futility of Radiographic Skull Examinations for Trauma,"<sup>1</sup>it was determined that if skull examinations for trauma were reserved only for a group of patients demonstrating certain clinical findings and omitted in all other patients with trauma, the yearly saving in health care costs would be $15 million, with no adverse effect on the patient's medical care. In another article on the subject, Roberts and Shopfner<sup>2</sup>point out in the analysis
Reestimating Date of Delivery in Multifetal Pregnancies
Authors: Hisanori Minakami
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To clarify the optimal estimated date of delivery for multifetal pregnancies.A retrospective study of all 88,936 infants born of multifetal pregnancies and all 6,020,542 infants born of singleton pregnancies that occurred at 26 weeks or more of gestation between 1989 and 1993 in Japan.Incidence of stillbirth and early neonatal death according to gestational age at delivery.The mean +/- SD duration of pregnancy was 37.0 +/- 2.7 weeks for multifetal pregnancies and 39.6 +/- 1.6 weeks for singleton pregnancies. In multifetal pregnancies, the incidence of stillbirth and of early neonatal death gradually declined until 37 to 38 weeks' gestation and then increased. These parameters in singleton pregnancies declined until 39 weeks' gestation before increasing. The lowest incidence of perinatal death (Stillbirth plus early neonatal death) seen at 38 weeks' gestation in multifetal pregnancies corresponded to that seen at 43 weeks' gestation in singleton pregnancies (10.5 vs 9.7 per 1000 infants). The fist of perinatal death was more than 6 times as high for fetuses of multifetal pregnancies born at 37 weeks or later than for singleton fetuses born at 40 weeks or later (relative risk, 6.6; 95% confidence internal, 6.1 - 7.1).Fetuses of multifetal pregnancies are at an increased risk of death after reaching the normative gestational age for singleton pregnancies. Limiting the estimated date of delivery to 37 to 38 weeks may be appropriate in multifetal pregnancies.
Microvesicle-associated AAV Vector as a Novel Gene Delivery System
Authors: Casey A Maguire, Leonora Balaj, Sarada Sivaraman, Matheus HW Crommentuijn, Maria Ericsson, Lucia Mincheva-Nilsson, Vladimir Baranov, Davide Gianni, Bakhos A Tannous, Miguel Sena-Esteves, Xandra O Breakefield, Johan Skog
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have shown remarkable efficiency for gene delivery to cultured cells and in animal models of human disease. However, limitations to AAV vectored gene transfer exist after intravenous transfer, including off-target gene delivery (e.g., liver) and low transduction of target tissue. Here, we show that during production, a fraction of AAV vectors are associated with microvesicles/exosomes, termed vexosomes (vector-exosomes). AAV capsids associated with the surface and in the interior of microvesicles were visualized using electron microscopy. In cultured cells, vexosomes outperformed conventionally purified AAV vectors in transduction efficiency. We found that purified vexosomes were more resistant to a neutralizing anti-AAV antibody compared to conventionally purified AAV. Finally, we show that vexosomes bound to magnetic beads can be attracted to a magnetized area in cultured cells. Vexosomes represent a unique entity which offers a promising strategy to improve gene delivery.
Coronary Bypass Surgery for Unstable Angina Pectoris
Authors: John S. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The first 81 patients to undergo coronary artery bypass surgery for unstable angina pectoris at Standford Hospital have been observed for a mean of 40.8 months. Surgical mortality was 8.5%, and perioperative incidence of myocardial infection was 16%. The mean 18-month follow-up showed two early cardiac deaths and 12 additional myocardial infarctions. Sixty-seven percent of the patients were angina-free, and the condition of none was worse. After a mean of 40.8 months, two late cardiac deaths and two myocardial infarctions had occurred. Complete relief of angina was present in 51%;22% had unstable or worsening angina. The probability of survival from time of operation to four months after surgery was 88.8% +/- 3.5%, and this remained unchanged until the two late deaths, which decreased survival probability to 83.8% +/- 4.8% at 43 months. The two late cardiac deaths and the 22% incidence of patients with worsening angina may reflect progression of the atherosclerotic process, late graft occlusion, or both.
Acute renal failure in case of Paraquat poisoning.
Authors: D. G. Oreopoulos, M. A. Soyannwo, R. Sinniah, S. S. Fenton, J. H. Bruce, M. G. McGeown
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Ban= 749 se= chromosome complement may show aggressive tendencies from a-very early age.Price and Whatmore (1967), in exam- inng the criminal records of XYY males, found very little difference between them and XY controls in respect of crime against property.There was, however, a striking difference in the number of convictions for crimes against the person, only four out of nine XYY males having been convicted of this class of crime, compared with 17 out of 18 controls.In the present case the boy's behaviour disorder manifested itself in aggression against both property and persons from an early age.Abnormalities have been noted in the E.EGs of individuals with a variety of sex chromosome abnormalities.Dumermuth (1961) found B.E.G. abnormalities in all but one of 14 boys with chromatin-positive Klinefekteres syndrome, eight of whom were diagnosed prepubertally.Hambe and Son Frey (1964) found E.EG.abnormalities more often among chromatin-positive males than among controls to a statistically significant degree.Medlbin (1966) found an abnormal RE.G.
Cryptic Disseminated Tuberculosis
Authors: Robert E. Carlson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Regarding the two articles dealing with tuberculosis (TB), Harvey Katzen, MD, and Samuel V. Spagnolo, MD (1980;244:2438), described a patient with bone marrow necrosis from what they termed "miliary TB," and Brandstetter et al (1980;244:2440) reported on a patient with tubercular meningitis in the postpartum period. Both articles are certainly timely, considering that the incidence of TB, both new primary infection and reactivation of the old disease, appears to be on the rise. Contrary to some of the publicity that accompanied the closing of many of the TB sanatoriums, TB is by no means a dead disease. Indeed, it is alive and well in the community, irrespective of the socioeconomic classification of that community. Both of the aforementioned reports described patients with disseminated TB who had normal chest films. It is for this reason that I would disagree with the term "miliary TB" as used by Katzen
Pathway rewiring with neural transplantation
Authors: Piergiorgio Strata, Ferdinando Rossi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract A lesion to the brain is not necessary for a successful neural transplantation. Embryonic Purkinje cells placed on the surface of an uninjured adult cerebellum can develop and migrate into the host molecular layer. Both the Purkinje cells that migrated into the host cerebellum and those that remained in the graft were innervated by collateral sprouting of adult intact climbing fibers.
Real ascriptions of self-deception are fallible moral judgments
Authors: Edward A. Johnson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Mele's jointly sufficient conditions for self-deception preclude definitive ascriptions of self-deception in practice. Consequently, actual ascriptions of self-deception require large inferences and may frequently be in error. It is recommended that attention be directed toward actual practices of ascription to understand how children learn and adults dispense what is ultimately a moral judgment.
The mortal coil
Authors: C. Brewer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Forgive me for criticising religious activism again, but almost all prominent antiabortionists rely on essentially religious arguments. The latest rumblings from UK and US antiabortionists made me revive a counterargument I contributed long ago to the BMJ , which is so unanswerable that nearly all of them still evade it.1 (Late abortion involves additional considerations, not discussed here.)⇑

Humanity, for antiabortionists, begins at fertilisation. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) work in several ways, which definitely include embryocidal actions before and after implantation.2 3 To antiabortionists, …
Memory T cells from minor histocompatibility antigen–vaccinated and virus-immune donors improve GVL and immune reconstitution
Authors: Ning Li, Catherine Matte-Martone, Hong Zheng, Weiguo Cui, Srividhya Venkatesan, Hung Sheng Tan, Jennifer McNiff, Anthony J. Demetris, Derry Roopenian, Susan Kaech, Warren D. Shlomchik
Journal: Blood (2011)
REGIONAL OSTEOPOROSIS IN FEMALES WITH COMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURY(SCI)
Authors: D. Garland, R. Ashford, C. A. Stewart, R. Aclkins, D. Vigil, G. Hung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Garland, D.; Ashford, R.; Stewart, C. A.; Aclkins, R.; Vigil, D.; Hung, G. Author Information
Phylogeny and biogeography of ratite birds inferred from DNA sequences of the mitochondrial ribosomal genes
Authors: M. van Tuinen, C. G. Sibley, S. B. Hedges
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

The origin of the flightless ratite birds of the southern continents has been debated for over a century. Whether dispersal or vicariance (continental breakup) best explains their origin depends largely on their phylogenetic relationships. No consensus has been reached on this issue despite many morphological and molecular studies. To address this question further we sequenced a 2.8-kb region of mitochondrial DNA containing the ribosomal genes in representative ratites and a tinamou. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Struthio (Africa) is basal and Rhea (South America) clusters with living Australasian ratites. This phylogeny agrees with transferrin and DNA hybridization studies but not with sequence analyses of some protein-coding genes. These results also require reevaluation of the phylogenetic position of the extinct moas of New Zealand. We propose a new hypothesis for the origin of ratites that combines elements of dispersal and vicariance.
Psychological Impact of Islet Cell Antibody Screening for IDDM on Children, Adults, and Their Family Members
Authors: Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Kenneth P Tercyak
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To describe the psychological impact of positive islet cell antibody (ICA) screening results in children and adults, as well as their parents and spouses. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The psychological impact of ICA screening results was assessed subsequent to subjects' being informed of ICA-positive (ICA+) status and was re-evaluated 4 months later. Impact was measured using the state subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for adults or the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), as well as structured interviews. A total of 34 ICA+ children, 34 ICA+ adults, 33 parents, and 25 spouses were evaluated. RESULTS At initial notification of ICA+ status, clinically and statistically significant anxiety was observed in ICA+ children and adults and their family members (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Parents of ICA+ children were more anxious than spouses of ICA+ adults (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Child and parent anxiety were significantly correlated (P &amp;lt; 0.05); more-anxious children lived with more-anxious parents. No significant association was found between ICA+ adults' initial anxiety and their spouses' anxiety. For ICA+ participants and their family members, anxiety dissipated to normal levels in 4 months (P &amp;lt; 0.02). ICA+ children were less likely than parents to believe they would ever develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Nevertheless, 52% of ICA+ children and 24% of ICA+ adults endorsed lifestyle or behavior changes as a result of their ICA+ status. Behavior change was associated with greater initial anxiety in both children and adults (P &amp;lt; 0.05 for both). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that notification of ICA+ status has both emotional and behavioral impact. Initial notification of ICA+ status is associated with considerable anxiety in both ICA+ individuals and their family members. In most cases, this initial anxiety appears to dissipate to normal levels over time. However, many ICA+ individuals report initiating lifestyle or health behavior changes in an effort to delay or prevent IDDM onset.
Scintigraphic Findings in Peroneal Tendonitis
Authors: PARTHA SINHA, ANDREW KIM, HILLARY UMANS, LEONARD M. FREEMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A case report of radionuclide bone scan findings in a patient with peroneus brevis tendonitis is presented. Peroneal tendonopathy is a common cause of lateral ankle pain. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings have been described in the literature, we know of no other detailed report of three-phase bone scan findings, which we believe can provide an alternate means to diagnose this condition. The positive findings consist of a curvilinear band of increased activity that corresponded to the anatomic position of the peroneus brevis tendon and was detected only on the first two phases of the study.
Defective yeast opsonisation of serum in tuberculosis.
Authors: N M Johnson, M W McNicol, A Kapoor, J E Burton-Kee, J F Mowbray
Journal: Thorax (1980)

We have studied the opsonising ability of the sera of 92 patients with tuberculosis. Fourteen per cent of these patients showed defective opsonising ability compared with 4% in a clinic control group. This increased frequency in TB was accounted for by the greatly increased proportion with defects found in patients with intrathoracic TB (21%). We may have identified a section of the population with a specific genetically linked abnormality of a host defence mechanism which renders them more susceptible to intrathoracic TB. Further population studies are required.
Uniform style for biomedical journals.
Authors: D J Wright
Journal: BMJ (1978)

for skilled advice on occupational health matters, and in consequence many previously neglected environmental problems have come to light which call for medical help.It is the duty of those who undertake to advise them to make it plain that these are the important tasks, and that occupational medicine does not consist of routine examinations of new employees on the pretence that the doctor can forecast future sickness absence experience or survival.
MUTATION-BASED MOLECULAR GLIOMA CLASSIFICATION: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH GERMLINE RISK SNPS
Authors: R. B. Jenkins, P. Decker, M. Kosel, J. Eckel-Passow, K. M. Walsh, I. V. Smirnov, A. Caron, T. Kollmeyer, T. Rice, H. M. Hansen, A. M. Molinaro, L. S. McCoy, P. M. Bracci, B. S. Cabriga, R. Marshall, M. Pekmezci, S. Zheng, B. O'Neill, J. Buckner, C. Giannini, A. Perry, T. Tihan, M. S. Berger, S. M. Chang, M. Prados, J. Wiemels, J. Wiencke, M. Wrensch, D. Lachance
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Specific germline alterations within TERT, EGFR, CCDC26, CDKN2A/B, PHLDB1, TP53 and RTEL1 are associated with development of glioma. While germline variants in TERT are associated with all gliomas, others are associated with specific morphologic and/or molecular subtypes. For example, the RTEL1 region variants are associated with primary glioblastoma and rs55705857 in CCDC26 is associated with 1p/19q co-deleted oligodendrogliomas and with IDH mutant astrocytic gliomas. We hypothesize that germline variants will be associated with specific molecular glioma subtypes recently defined by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and other groups. In this study we grouped Mayo Clinic and TCGA high- and low-grade glioma patients into somatic mutation-defined molecular subgroups, regardless of grade, based on three molecular alterations. We then determined if germline polymorphisms are associated with these mutation-based molecular subtypes. METHODS: Five molecular subtypes were defined based on combinations of the following molecular alterations: TERT promoter mutation (TERT mut vs. TERT wt), IDH1/2 mutation (IDH mut vs. IDH wt) and 1p/19q co-deletion (1p19q codel vs. 1p19q noncodel). Germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated by array analysis of blood-derived DNA (Mayo) and 1K genome imputation (TCGA). RESULTS: 207 Mayo Clinic and 402 TCGA gliomas had both germline SNP and mutation data available. The acquired mutation data defined five molecular subgroups (Table). The prevalence of each of these subtypes were very similar in the Mayo and TCGA cohorts, (Table). In both the Mayo Clinic and TCGA cohorts various SNPs were associated with the development of specific subtypes (Table). Further validation using a UCSF cohort, as well as analyses of grade, subtype and survival are underway. Prevalence of Mutation-based Acquired Molecular Glioma Subtypes and Their Germline SNP Associations CONCLUSIONS: Glioma can be meaningfully classified according to acquired mutation subtype. We show that there are significant associations between germline polymorphisms and mutation-based molecular subtypes. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that there are important mechanistic relationships between germline risk patterns, acquired somatic mutations, and functional biology. Mutation-based diagnostic classification for glioma will likely have important implications for prognosis and treatment. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Neuropathology & Tumor Biomarkers.
KIR2DS4 is a product of gene conversion with KIR3DL2 that introduced specificity for HLA-A*11 while diminishing avidity for HLA-C
Authors: Thorsten Graef, Achim K. Moesta, Paul J. Norman, Laurent Abi-Rached, Luca Vago, Anastazia M. Older Aguilar, Michael Gleimer, John A. Hammond, Lisbeth A. Guethlein, David A. Bushnell, Philip J. Robinson, Peter Parham
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)

Human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are distinguished by expansion of activating KIR2DS, whose ligands and functions remain poorly understood. The oldest, most prevalent KIR2DS is KIR2DS4, which is represented by a variable balance between “full-length” and “deleted” forms. We find that full-length 2DS4 is a human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I receptor that binds specifically to subsets of C1+ and C2+ HLA-C and to HLA-A*11, whereas deleted 2DS4 is nonfunctional. Activation of 2DS4+ NKL cells was achieved with A*1102 as ligand, which differs from A*1101 by unique substitution of lysine 19 for glutamate, but not with A*1101 or HLA-C. Distinguishing KIR2DS4 from other KIR2DS is the proline–valine motif at positions 71–72, which is shared with KIR3DL2 and was introduced by gene conversion before separation of the human and chimpanzee lineages. Site-directed swap mutagenesis shows that these two residues are largely responsible for the unique HLA class I specificity of KIR2DS4. Determination of the crystallographic structure of KIR2DS4 shows two major differences from KIR2DL: displacement of contact loop L2 and altered bonding potential because of the substitutions at positions 71 and 72. Correlation between the worldwide distributions of functional KIR2DS4 and HLA-A*11 points to the physiological importance of their mutual interaction.
836-5 Comprehensive stress magnetic resonance imaging compared to stress echo in the evaluation of patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain
Authors: John Heitner, Derek Rasheed, Igor Klem, James G Jollis, Abhinav Chandra, Peter Cawley, Dipan J Shah, Louise Thomson, Brenda Hayes, Michael Elliott, Jonathan Weinsaft, Michele Parker, Anna Lisa Crowley, Manesh Patel, Robert M Judd, Raymond J Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Sebum levels during the first year of life*
Authors: P. AGACHE, D. BLANC, C. BARRAND, R. LAURENT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Journal Article Sebum levels during the first year of life Get access P. AGACHE, P. AGACHE Cliniquc Dermatologique Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier, 25030 Besançon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. BLANC, D. BLANC Cliniquc Dermatologique Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier, 25030 Besançon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. BARRAND, C. BARRAND Cliniquc Dermatologique Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier, 25030 Besançon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. LAURENT R. LAURENT Cliniquc Dermatologique Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier, 25030 Besançon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 103, Issue 6, 1 December 1980, Pages 643–650, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb01686.x Published: 01 December 1980
Randomised trial of intravenous immunoglobulin as prophylaxis against infection in plateau-phase multiple myeloma
Authors: H.M. Chapel, M. Lee, R. Hargreaves, D.H. Pamphilon, A.G. Prentice, H.M. Chapel, R. Hargreaves, M. Lee, D.H. Pamphilon, A.G. Prentice
Journal: The Lancet (1994)