tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relevance of Image Fusion With MRI for the Interpretation of I-123 Iodo-Methyl-Tyrosine Scans in Patients With Suspected Recurrent or Residual Brain Tumor
Authors: Holger Amthauer, Reinhard Wurm, David Kuczer, Juri Ruf, Roger Michel, Julia Eisenacher, Florian Stockhammer, Timm Denecke, Roland Felix, Michail Plotkin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of MR/SPECT image fusion on the interpretation of I-123 iodo-methyl-tyrosine (IMT) SPECT examinations in patients with pretreated brain tumors.In this retrospective study, 45 consecutive patients with suspected recurrent/residual gliomas (n = 41) or cerebral metastases (n = 4) were included. SPECT studies were performed using a triple-head gamma-camera system 10 minutes after injection of 300 to 370 MBq (8.1-10 mCi) I-123 IMT. Concerning MR, T1-, T2-, and FLAIR-weighted sequences as well as contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences were acquired by 1.5-T or 3.0-T scanners. For image fusion, the MPI-tool software package was used. SPECT and MR/SPECT fusion images were anonymized and then independently evaluated by 3 observers aware of the clinical data. Tumor localization and extent were evaluated and correlated with histopathology or clinical follow up, including MR imaging.In 10 of 45 (22%) patients, image fusion had a significant impact on the interpretation of scans: 5 suspected SPECT findings were correctly classified as physiological or therapy-related; in another 5 patients, image fusion added relevant clinical information on tumor extent (infiltration of the contralateral hemisphere n = 3, infiltration of the brain stem n = 2).According to our data, image fusion is crucial for the interpretation of positive I-123 IMT SPECT findings.
Association of Sleep Apnea and Type II Diabetes
Authors: Kevin J. Reichmuth, Diane Austin, James B. Skatrud, Terry Young
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Cross-sectional association has been reported between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and insulin resistance, but no prospective studies have been performed to determine whether SDB is causal in the development of diabetes.The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence and incidence of type II diabetes in subjects with SDB and whether an independent relationship exists between them.A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis was performed in 1,387 participants of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort. Full polysomnography was used to characterize SDB. Diabetes was defined in two ways: (1) physician-diagnosis alone or (2) for those with glucose measurements, either fasting glucose > or = 126 mg/dl or physician diagnosis.There was a greater prevalence of diabetes in subjects with increasing levels of SDB. A total of 14.7% of subjects with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 15 or more had a diagnosis of diabetes compared with 2.8% of subjects with an AHI of less than 5. The odds ratio for having a physician diagnoses of diabetes mellitus with an AHI of 15 or greater versus an AHI of less than 5 was 2.30 (95% confidence interval, 1.28-4.11; p = 0.005) after adjustment for age, sex, and body habitus. The odds ratio for developing diabetes mellitus within 4 yr with an AHI of 15 or more compared with an AHI of less than 5 was 1.62 (95% confidence interval, 0.67-3.65; p = 0.24) when adjusting for age, sex, and body habitus.Diabetes is more prevalent in SDB and this relationship is independent of other risk factors. However, it is not clear that SDB is causal in the development of diabetes.
Adapting what is known
Authors: John H Wasson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

With ever increasing pressure on doctors’ time, <b>Iona Heath</b> (doi: 10.1136/bmj.39532.671319.94) wonders whether primary care really meets the needs of elderly people at all, while <b>John Wasson</b> suggests ways for doctors to improve the care of older patients that don’t require extra resources or staffing
Re: Long-Term Efficacy Results of EORTC Genito-Urinary Group Randomized Phase 3 Study 30911 Comparing Intravesical Instillations of Epirubicin, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus Isoniazid in Patients with Intermediate- and High-Risk Stage Ta T1 Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: Donald L. Lamm
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis recapture clinical response during re-treatment with etanercept
Authors: J.-P. Ortonne, A. Taïeb, A.D. Ormerod, D. Robertson, J. Foehl, R. Pedersen, C. Molta, B. Freundlich
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis recapture clinical response during re‐treatment with etanercept Get access J.‐P. Ortonne, J.‐P. Ortonne University of Nice‐Sophia Antipolis, Archet 11, 151 Route St Antoine de Ginestieŕe, BP 3079, Nice Cedex 3, France Jean‐Paul Ortonne. E‐mail: ortonne@unice.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Taïeb, A. Taïeb Hôpital Saint Andre, Bordeaux, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.D. Ormerod, A.D. Ormerod Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Robertson, D. Robertson Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Foehl, J. Foehl Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Pedersen, R. Pedersen Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Molta, C. Molta Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Freundlich B. Freundlich Wyeth Research, Collegeville, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 5, 1 November 2009, Pages 1190–1195, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09238.x Published: 01 November 2009
Newly Developed 3D Endoscopic System: Preliminary Experience
Authors: T. Yoshida, H. Inoue, E. Hara, A. Umezawa, K. Ohtsuka, S. Endo, Y. Tamegai, H. Kashida, J. Tanaka, S. Kudo
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Although there have been earlier reports on the use of three-dimensional endoscopic systems in the gastrointestinal tract, real-time three-dimensional imaging has not previously been described. This paper presents experience in three cases with a novel endoscopic system for three-dimensional observation in clinical situations. Case 1 was a hyperplastic gastric polyp, the shape of which was considerably enhanced in comparison with two-dimensional endoscopic viewing. Case 2 was an advanced esophageal cancer, in which the sense of depth was improved in the esophagus. Case 3 was a depressed early gastric cancer, the shape of which was also enhanced. Between July 2001 and March 2002, three experienced endoscopists also used this new system in a further 34 patients. A three-dimensional endoscopic environment was visible with the system in all patients, and all of the endoscopists were able to obtain visual information regarding spatial depth. This experience suggests that the three-dimensional video-endoscopic system used here can be of value in gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Dietary α-Linolenic Acid Intake and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Christine M. Albert, Kyungwon Oh, William Whang, JoAnn E. Manson, Claudia U. Chae, Meir J. Stampfer, Walter C. Willett, Frank B. Hu
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— α-Linolenic acid, an intermediate-chain n-3 fatty acid found primarily in plants, may decrease the risk of fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) through a reduction in fatal ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Methods and Results— We prospectively examined the association between dietary intake of α-linolenic acid assessed via updated food-frequency questionnaires and the risk of SCD, other fatal CHD, and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) among 76 763 women participating in the Nurses’ Health Study who were free from cancer and completed a dietary questionnaire at baseline in 1984. During 18 years of follow-up, we identified 206 SCDs, 641 other CHD deaths, and 1604 nonfatal MIs. After controlling for coronary risk factors and other fatty acids, including long-chain n-3 fatty acids, the intake of α-linolenic acid was inversely associated with the risk of SCD ( P for trend, 0.02) but not with the risk of other fatal CHD or nonfatal MI. Compared with women in the lowest quintile of α-linolenic acid intake, those in the highest 2 quintiles had a 38% to 40% lower SCD risk. This inverse relation with SCD risk was linear and remained significant even among women with high intakes of long-chain n-3 fatty acids. Conclusions— These prospective data suggest that increasing dietary intake of α-linolenic acid may reduce the risk of SCD but not other types of fatal CHD or nonfatal MI in women. The specificity of the association between α-linolenic acid and SCD supports the hypothesis that these n-3 fatty acids may have antiarrhythmic properties.
Physical Fitness in Military Personnel
Authors: Broda O. Barnes
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In Graz, Austria, the second largest city in the country, a law requiring autopsies on all hospital deaths, and only one pathological institute to serve a population of 230,000 make this location unique for studying death patterns. About 75% of the total deaths in the city are autopsied each year. Some illuminating facts have emerged from a personal review of over 70,000 autopsy protocols covering 1930 through 1966. Heart attacks have always been infrequent in Graz. In 1930, there were only 0.8% of the deaths from this cause. At the height of World War II, this fell to 0.3%. This drop was not the result of less atherosclerosis due to changes in the diet, since the coronary vessels showed approximately a fourfold increase in sclerosis in 1944. A marked rise in tuberculosis during the war was responsible for killing adult males with advancing coronary sclerosis before the
The Mnks Are Novel Components in the Control of TNFα Biosynthesis and Phosphorylate and Regulate hnRNP A1
Authors: Maria Buxadé, Josep L. Parra, Simon Rousseau, Natalia Shpiro, Rodolfo Marquez, Nick Morrice, Jenny Bain, Enric Espel, Christopher G. Proud
Journal: Immunity (2005)
Metallothionein is upregulated by hypoxia and stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor in the kidney
Authors: Ichiro Kojima, Tetsuhiro Tanaka, Reiko Inagi, Hiroshi Nishi, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Hideki Kato, Toshio Miyata, Toshiro Fujita, Masaomi Nangaku
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Competing interests of professional societies
Authors: L. Allan, E. Wager
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Spence highlights the vested interests of the huge “pain industry” following the revelation of the sum paid to the American Pain Society by Endo Pharmaceuticals.1

The US Institute of Medicine2 has asked congress to require US companies to report payments not only to doctors but also to healthcare institutions, providers of continuing medical education, patient advocacy groups, and, interestingly, “professional societies.” It recommends voluntary reporting until congress acts.

The institute also raised concerns about clinical practice guidelines, where “the risk …
Antibiotic and Chemotherapy
Authors: F. Robert Fekety
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The new edition of this book has been extensively revised and much improved. It is very up to date; 44 new antimicrobial agents are discussed. Many chapters have been entirely rewritten, and there are several new chapters. Notable among the latter is a chapter on the laboratory control of antibiotic therapy. The book has four major sections. First, there is a comprehensive discussion of each antimicrobial agent. The new tetracyclines, carbenicillin, gentamicin, and rifampin are included. There is an excellent discussion of antibiotic resistance and its mechanisms. The second section covers general principles of therapy. The third section, devoted to specific diseases, subspecialties, and different regions of the body, includes chapters on venereal diseases and antiviral chemotherapy. The book concludes with an outstanding discussion of laboratory methods used in the management of infectious diseases with antibiotics. This is an excellent book. The British vernacular is rarely annoying, while the British
Efficacy of Instant Glucose-Reply
Authors: Alan J. Garber
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In a study using normal volunteers, we demonstrated a failure of direct oral absorption of glucose from instant glucose. Absorption of tritium-labeled glucose through the buccal mucosa was also not observed. The free glucose content of this preparation was found to average only 143 milligrams of glucose per gram of instant glucose. Since instant glucose is manufactured using a commercial corn syrup base, the bulk of carbohydrates in this preparation was thought to consist of disacharides and oligosaccharides. Thus, it was concluded that the only likely mechanism by which glucose could be absorbed in sufficiently large quantities to reverse hypoglycemic coma in diabetic subjects would involve first intestinal hydrolysis and then absorption.  We are indebted to Dr Rosenbaum and his colleagues for providing their experience using instant glucose at the Cleveland diabetic camp. Since most carbohydrate in instant glucose is disaccharides and oligosaccharides, which require disaccharidases for hydrolysis
REMOVAL OF PORTIONS OF MALIGNANT TUMOURS OF THE RECTUM FOR CONFIRMATORY SECTION
Authors: W. B. Gabriel
Journal: BMJ (1931)

The removal of portions of malignant tumours for confir- matory section is often desirable, but fraught with danger in many situations.It may be dangerous for anatomical reasons, as in the case of the pancreas, or owing to dlifficulty of access, or there may be danger of spreading the disease into healthy tissues-for instance, an incision ir-to a cancer of the breast or a sarcoma of bone to obtain tissue for section is generally condemned.The rectum and lower pelvic colon, however, present a very favourable part of the body for this purpose: it can be easily reached by a sigmoidoscope without pain or the use of an anaesthetic, and malignant tumours here grow in such a way that portions may be removed from the lumen of the bowel without danger of perforation or serious ha'emorrhage.The danger of disseminating the disease by removing a small piece of tissue from the surface of the growth must be almost negligible-very little greater than the danger involved in the passage of faeces over the growth. INDICATIONSThe indications for this procedure in my opinion are as follows.
The Combined Effect of Triple Therapy with Rosiglitazone, Metformin, and Insulin Aspart in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Henning Beck-Nielsen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

We were not able to normalize HbA1c values completely during triple therapy probably due to the fact that insulin action was not completely normalized by rosiglitazone and metformin, as stated by Davidson (1). Still, insulin-mediated glucose uptake was only 60% normal during triple therapy; however, a longer treatment period or a more potent insulin synthesizer may help in that respect. Another way to further reduce HbA1c values is to use a more aggressive algorithm, increasing the Novorapid dose further before meals. However, this may induce more hypoglycemic attacks during the day time. …
The scattergram: A new method for continuous electrocardiographic monitoring
Authors: P. STINTON, J. TINKER, J. C. VICKERY, S. P. VAHL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

A new method for continuous electrocardiographic monitoring in intensive care units is described. The method, based on the relation between adjacent interbeat intervals, produces a scattergram. It has been found to have important advantages in detecting and following the progress of arrhythmias and in judging the effects of therapy. The display has great visual impact and little training is required to enable unskilled personnel to recognize the patterns arising from common arrhythmias. Several different display devices can be used to suit particular requirements and these are discussed.
Effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone on adenyl cyclase activity and intermediary metabolism of “cold” thyroid nodules and normal human thyroid tissue
Authors: Frederick DeRubertis, Kamejiro Yamashita, Andrew Dekker, P. Reed Larsen, James B. Field
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

"Cold" thyroid nodules do not concentrate 131I before or after thyrotropin (TSH) administration. In an attempt to elucidate the reason for this TSH unresponsiveness, the effect of TSH in vitro on several metabolic parameters was studied in 11 "cold" thyroid adenomas, 2 medullary carcinomas, and in the surrounding normal thyroid tissue. Basal adenyl cyclase activity, glucose-1-14C oxidation, and 32P incorporation into phospholipids were significantly greater in the adenomas than in the adjacent normal thyroid; basal cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) concentration and adenine-3H incorporation into 3H-labeled cyclic AMP were not different. In adenomas as well as normal thyroid, all parameters responded significantly to in vitro TSH stimulation. The response to TSH of adenyl cyclase activity and 32P incorporation was enhanced in adenomas compared with that of the adjacent normal thyroid. These differences were not explained by an increased cellularity of the adenomas. Medullary carcinomas did not respond to TSH in any of the above parameters.
Dr. Marjory Warren Memorial Fund
Authors: J. Kaminski
Journal: BMJ (1964)

BRDITAILSOHNAL 841 distribution was compared with that found by Hervey et al.2 in 141,774 consecutive white blood donors to the American Red Cross and is shown in the Table .Statistical evaluation of these results showed that there was no significant differ- ences in the per cent.blood-group distribution, either overall or when blood groups 0 and A were examined separately from groups B and AB (X'=0.02;, P>0.05) between the controls and the patients with acute appen- dicitis.
Ruling a diagnosis in or out with “SpPIn” and “SnNOut”: a note of caution
Authors: Daniel Pewsner, Markus Battaglia, Christoph Minder, Arthur Marx, Heiner C Bucher, Matthias Egger
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Dr X is back from her annual leave.Dr Y, the locum doctor, reports on the patients he saw during her absence, including a 40 year old teacher who had sprained her right ankle.Returning from a conference, she had stumbled while walking down the stairs with a heavy bag.
Dysmenorrh a as a Cause of Hystero-Epilepsy
Authors: J. Dewar
Journal: BMJ (1882)

WHAT is meant by hystero-epilepsy ?As yet authors are not agreed.Charcot says it is " hysteria, solely and always present, taking on it the semblance of epilepsy...... epilepsybeingpresent only in the externalmani- festation, but not substantially existent;" in otherwords, epileptiform hys- teria.But so little is at present known of the true nature of epilepsy, that one must be guided to a great extent by "external manifestation " in forming an opinion as to whether epilepsy be really present or not.For this reason, Charcot's definition appears to me unsatisfactory.Others regard hystero-epilepsy as simple epilepsy followed by hysteria; twoseparate affections, each distinct and independent.This occurrence is quite possible, but this should not called hystero-epilepsy.Others regard it as a combination of hysteria and epilepsy, half hysteria and half epilepsy, a mixture of the two, a hybrid as it has been called.What I understand by hystero-epilepsy is epilepsy unmistakably present, but having an uterine or ovario-uterine origin.The majority of the published cases of so-called hystero-epilepsy in France or America * I think we would regard as severe cases of hysteria only.In Richer's t typical cases, the epileptoid stage only lasts a few seconds, and is at once followed by wild hysterical convulsions.It is
Proceedings of the Sixty-Fifth Annual Meeting of The American Society for Clinical Investigation, Inc. Atlantic City, New Jersey, 30 April 1973
Authors: Neal S. Bricker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Within the last three decades, there has occurred a spec- tacular explosion of knowledge about the diseases that afflict mankind.The new information ranges over the entire biologic basis of disease and includes new methods of detection, prevention, palliation, and cure.Hundreds of previously unknown diseases, including over 130 genetic abnormalities, have been recognized and de- scribed.Successful vaccines have been developed for polio, measles, and rubella.We have the capability for preventing acute rheumatic fever, for eradicating syphi- lis, and for preventing gonorrhea in the newborn.Many of the great scourges of mankind, including smallpox, rabies, plague, cholera, and most recently tuberculosis, have either been eliminated from this country, or their incidence strikingly reduced.Two techniques, organ transplantation and hemodialysis, can prolong the lives of patients with end-stage kidney disease.Cures have been effected in early Hodgkin's disease, and complete remissions-some for years-are no longer a rarity in acute leukemia.Surgical techniques have been developed for correcting many forms of congenital heart disease and valvular disease and an increasing number of lives are being saved through the implantation of cardiac pacemakers.It is an overall testimony to these advances that life expectancy in 1973 in the United States is al- most 20 years longer than it was at the turn of the century.
Pretransplantation functional imaging predicts outcome following autologous stem cell transplantation for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Alison J. Moskowitz, Joachim Yahalom, Tarun Kewalramani, Jocelyn C. Maragulia, Jill M. Vanak, Andrew D. Zelenetz, Craig H. Moskowitz
Journal: Blood (2010)
The transducible TAT-RIZ1-PR protein exerts histone methyltransferase activity and tumor-suppressive functions in human malignant meningiomas
Authors: Mao-Hua Ding, Zhen Wang, Lei Jiang, Hua-Lin Fu, Jie Gao, Xian-Bin Lin, Chun-Lei Zhang, Zhen-Yang Liu, Yi-Fei Shi, Guan-Zhong Qiu, Yue Ma, Da-Xiang Cui, Guo-Han Hu, Wei-Lin Jin
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Libya's health system struggles after exodus of foreign medical staff
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The World Health Organization and other relief agencies have stepped up the delivery of drugs, surgical supplies, and personnel to treat large numbers of casualties and people affected by the escalation of hostilities in Libya.

Fadela Chaib, a WHO spokeswoman, told reporters on 22 March, “The conflict has led to acute shortages of essential medicines, including anaesthesia drugs. This poses particular problems given the current high rate of patients admitted to hospitals with acute trauma injuries that require urgent surgical intervention.” 

The agency said there is also a “huge shortage” of drugs to treat chronic diseases, such …
GMC proposes holding fewer hearings in public
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Many UK doctors facing charges of professional misconduct or deficient performance will be allowed to escape a public hearing under far reaching reforms proposed by the General Medical Council.

The UK regulator will consult from mid-January on the reforms, which would allow doctors to avoid the airing of evidence in public by agreeing to accept the sanction proposed by the GMC. In a briefing paper for its governing council the GMC says, “If a third of cases that currently go to a hearing were disposed of by agreement this would produce a saving of around £5m [€6m; $8m].”

The …