tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Overestimate of 125I-protein uptake from the adult mouse gut.
Authors: T Skogh
Journal: Gut (1982)

Gastric instillation of 125I-labelled protein in mice leads to rapid appearance of blood radioactivity which is precipitable with 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA). The same occurs when Na125I is given by mouth. Parenteral administration of non-radioactive NaI before feeding Na125I or 125I-labelled protein inhibits the appearance of TCA-precipitable radioactivity in the blood. The results presented in this study show that measurement of TCA-precipitable radioactivity in the blood after feeding 125I-labeled protein is not a reliable method for studying the passage of macromolecules across the gastrointestinal barriers unless an excess of iodide is given.
Confusion reigns over official health statistics
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The explanation given for the mix up over figures released last week on NHS spending has left statisticians puzzled and confused.

On 30 January the Office for National Statistics withdrew from sale the latest edition of Social Trends after claiming that a chart which showed that government spending on the NHS had fallen by £1bn ($1.5bn) over three years in real terms was a mistake.

The figures ran contrary to ministers repeated declarations that NHS spending under the Conservative government has increased year on year.

Within 24 hours of the “error” having been spotted, …
Oral Cholecystography with Iopanoic Acid
Authors: Robert N. Berk, Peter M. Loeb, Lawrence E. Goldberger, Joel Sokoloff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

GALLBLADDER disease is an enormous medical problem in the United States. It has been estimated that 15 million Americans have gallstones and that approximately one third of a million require cholecystectomy each year at a cost approaching half a billion dollars.1 The principal method for the detection of this prevalent disorder is oral cholecystography, and the contrast material most frequently employed for this purpose is iopanoic acid.* More than 40 million doses of this compound have been administered since its introduction as an oral cholecystographic agent 20 years ago.A major shortcoming of iopanoic acid is its failure to produce . . .
RELATIONSHIPS OF MITRAL ANNULAR CALCIFICATION TO CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS: THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS (MESA)
Authors: Somsupha Kanjanauthai, Khurram Nasir, Ronit Katz, Juan J. Rivera, Junichiro Takasu, Roger S. Blumenthal, John Eng, Matthew J. Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Abstract 3620: Efficacy of Vandetanib on EGFR mutant lung cancer cells with PTEN loss
Authors: Hiromasa Takeda, Kadoaki Ohashi, Itaru Kataoka, Eiki Ichihara, Nagio Takigawa, Mitsune Tanimoto, Katsuyuki Kiura
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction EGFR gene is frequently mutated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of never smokers, especially in Asian ethnicity. The mutations often predict dramatic response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like gefitinib. PTEN is a tumor-suppressor gene deactivating PI3K in downstream of EGFR signaling. Approximately 2% to 9% in NSCLC tumors were considered to be PTEN loss. PTEN loss and EGFR mutation co-occurred in 1 out of 24 EGFR mutant patients with lung adenocarcinoma (Sos, et al. Cancer Res 69, 2009). PTEN loss was considered to represent primary or acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Therefore, a new strategy is needed to break through for the resistance due to PTEN loss. Objective We clarify the effectiveness of vandetanib, EGFR and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, against lung cancer cell lines harboring EGFR mutations with PTEN loss. Materials and methods: Two EGFR mutant (deletion in exon19) NSCLC cell lines, PC-9 (PTEN wild type) and NCI-H1650 (PTEN loss) were used. Other two cell lines with PTEN loss, prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) and glioblastoma cell line (U-87MG) were also examined. We transfected intact PTEN gene into H1650 cells and knocked down PTEN expression in the PC-9 cells using shRNA. Antiproliferative activity was determined by MTT assay in terms of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. We also examined the effectiveness of the drugs (15 mg/kg/day) in xenograft model. Protein expression profile was examined by Western blotting. Expression of VEGFR mRNA levels was also assessed by RT-PCR. Results PC-9 cells were more resistant to vandetanib (IC50: 0.08 μM) than to gefitinib (IC50: 0.01 μM). However, mean IC50 values of vandetenib were significantly lower than those of gefitinib against H1650 cells (2 μM vs 25 μM), PC-3 cells (8 μM vs 25 μM), and U87MG cells (6 μM vs 28 μM) with PTEN loss. EGFR downstream signals including pAKT, pMAPK, and pSTAT3, and VEGFR were not different in the H1650 cells treated with vandetanib or gefitinib. In the xenograft model using H1650 cells, vandetanib was also more effective than gefitinib. Although PTEN transfected H1650 cells did not restore sensitiveness to gefitinib in vitro, the xenograft tumors responded to gefitinib as well as vandetanib. Knockdown of PTEN lead six times more resistance to gefitinib in PC-9 cells. Conclusion PTEN loss may play a role to determine the sensitivity to gefitinib in NSCLC with EGFR mutations. Vandetanib is more effective in NSCLC with EGFR mutation and PTEN loss. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3620.
Odds ratios II
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Researchers conducted a case-control study to investigate whether sleeping environment was associated with sudden infant death syndrome.1 The researchers aimed to include all cases of sudden unexpected death for infants aged between 7 and 364 days from five regions of England with a combined population of more than 17 million people. A total of 325 cases were identified through registers. For every case, four controls matched for age, locality, and time of sleep were included. Interviews were undertaken with the parents of all cases and controls to ascertain past sleeping environment.

Infant’s typical sleeping environment in relation to their parents was classified as usual room sleeper (shared room but not bed), usual solitary sleeper (slept in room separate from parents), or usual bed sharer (shared bed with parents for more than two nights per week). The results are presented in the table, which shows the odds ratios of sudden unexpected death for the categories of the infants’ usual sleeping environment.⇓

View this table:

Infant’s sleeping environment in …
Scintigraphic Detection of Localized Small Bowel Abnormality
Authors: ASEEM BHATNAGAR, KRISHAN SWAROOP, VINOD BEHARI, RAVI KASHYAP
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The authors present an unusual case of per-rectal bleeding where abdominal flow study and subsequent Tc-99m HlgG imaging localized an abnormal bowel loop. Such instances validate the use of inflammation seeking scintiagents despite their nonspecificity, particularly in preoperative cases and for follow-up assessment.
Engineering Biomolecular Microenvironments for Cell Instructive Biomaterials
Authors: Catarina A. Custódio, Rui L. Reis, João F. Mano
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Engineered cell instructive microenvironments with the ability to stimulate specific cellular responses are a topic of high interest in the fabrication and development of biomaterials for application in tissue engineering. Cells are inherently sensitive to the in vivo microenvironment that is often designed as the cell "niche." The cell "niche" comprising the extracellular matrix and adjacent cells, influences not only cell architecture and mechanics, but also cell polarity and function. Extensive research has been performed to establish new tools to fabricate biomimetic advanced materials for tissue engineering that incorporate structural, mechanical, and biochemical signals that interact with cells in a controlled manner and to recapitulate the in vivo dynamic microenvironment. Bioactive tunable microenvironments using micro and nanofabrication have been successfully developed and proven to be extremely powerful to control intracellular signaling and cell function. This Review is focused in the assortment of biochemical signals that have been explored to fabricate bioactive cell microenvironments and the main technologies and chemical strategies to encode them in engineered biomaterials with biological information.
Effect of infliximab on the healing of intestinal anastomosis. An experimental study in rats
Authors: Ioannis Papaconstantinou, Christos Zeglinas, Maria Gazouli, Konstantinos Nastos, Anneza Yiallourou, Panagis Lykoudis, Konstantinos Evangelou, Apostolos Papalois, Marilena Papaioannou, John Vlachogiannakos, Charalampos Tzathas
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
Estrogen Spray Poses Risks to Children, Pets Through Contact With Treated Skin
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in children.
Authors: J C Mercier, T G DiSessa, J M Jarmakani, T Nakanishi, S Hiraishi, J Isabel-Jones, W F Friedman
Journal: Circulation (1982)

The ability of two-dimensional echocardiography to measure left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction was evaluated in 25 children with congenital heart disease. Dimensions and planimetered areas were obtained in the short-axis view at the mitral valve and high and low papillary muscle levels and in the apical two- and four-chamber views. Eight algorithms using five geometric models were assessed. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and ejection fraction were compared with data from biplane cineangiocardiograms. The correlation varied with the algorithm used. Algorithms using short-axis views appeared superior to those using only apical long-axis views. Four algorithms estimated left ventricular volumes with equal accuracy (Simpson's rule, assuming the ventricle to be a truncated cone; Simpson's rule, assuming the ventricle to be a truncated ellipse; hemisphere cylinder; and ellipsoid biplane). The single algorithm that best estimated left ventricular ejection fraction was the ellipsoid biplane formula using the short-axis view at the papillary muscle level (r = 0.91, slope = 0.94, SEE = 6.7%). Thus, two-dimensional echocardiography can accurately assess left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in children with congenital heart disease.
Budesonide/formoterol may be used for adjustable maintenance dosing in asthma
Authors: D Simcock
Journal: Thorax (2004)

▴ Aalbers R, Backer V, Kava TTK, et al . Adjustable maintenance dosing with budesonide/formoterol compared with fixed-dose salmeterol/fluticasone in moderate to severe asthma. Curr Med Res Opin2004;20:225–40 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] This randomised, double blind/open two phase multicentre study, sponsored by Astra Zeneca, was conducted over 7 months to find out if asthma control was better when patients adjusted the maintenance dose of inhaled budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort Turbohaler) according to asthma symptoms than when fixed dose (FD) regimens were used. Eligible patients were randomised to one of three groups: (1) Symbicort … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DCurrent%2Bmedical%2Bresearch%2Band%2Bopinion%26rft.stitle%253DCurr%2BMed%2BRes%2BOpin%26rft.aulast%253DAalbers%26rft.auinit1%253DR.%26rft.volume%253D20%26rft.issue%253D2%26rft.spage%253D225%26rft.epage%253D240%26rft.atitle%253DAdjustable%2Bmaintenance%2Bdosing%2Bwith%2Bbudesonide%252Fformoterol%2Bcompared%2Bwith%2Bfixed-dose%2Bsalmeterol%252Ffluticasone%2Bin%2Bmoderate%2Bto%2Bsevere%2Basthma.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1185%252F030079903125002928%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F15006018%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1185/030079903125002928&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=15006018&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F59%2F6%2F476.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000188808300013&link_type=ISI
Risks vs. Benefits of Antipsychotic Drugs
Authors: Ross J. Baldessarini, Joseph F. Lipinski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

IT is a truism that a drug potent enough to do good may also do harm. It has also been too frequently true that new drugs have been pressed into service with unrestrained enthusiasm until the evidence for toxic effects have become overwhelming. The antibiotics are classic examples of both phenomena. More recently, it has begun to appear that the antipsychotic drugs (phenothiazines, thioxanthines and butyrophenones) may represent further examples. A recent report prepared by an American College of Neuropsychopharmacology-Food and Drug Administration Task Force for this journal1 suggested that neurologic side effects of these drugs require thoughtful consideration of . . .
A Literature Review of Renal Surgical Anatomy and Surgical Strategies for Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Tobias Klatte, Vincenzo Ficarra, Christian Gratzke, Jihad Kaouk, Alexander Kutikov, Veronica Macchi, Alexandre Mottrie, Francesco Porpiglia, James Porter, Craig G. Rogers, Paul Russo, R. Houston Thompson, Robert G. Uzzo, Christopher G. Wood, Inderbir S. Gill
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Proposals for Salaried Service
Authors: A. J. Mutch
Journal: BMJ (1965)

JBouwing.A family history of depressive illness should increase awareness of the possibility that a particular child's behaviour, which is causing concern, may be based on a primary disturbance of mood.Suicidal threats, gestures, and, occa- sionally, successful attempts are not unknown in the young, and suicidal threats and gestures should always be taken seriously as being distress signals.The fact that emotionally disturbed children may be referred to paediarricians, physicians, surgeons, child-guidance clinics, and school medical officers, initially makes diagnosis diffi- cult.It is customary in many child-guidance clinics outside the hospital service for a psychiatric social worker to become involved in case work with one or both parents and for a psychiatrist to be responsible for the therapy of the child.Parents bringing a child to a psychiatric clinic, especially within the hospital service, should always be seen and interviewed by the psychiatrist in charge of the case.This is a medical matter and the training, skill, and experience of the psychiatrist are needed in order to elicit accurate details concerning the medical aspects of the child's problems.Application of diagnostic criteria used for adult patients suffering from depressive ill- ness, to children and adolescents, increases the difficulties.
Therapeutic Insights from Genomic Studies of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Peter S. Hammerman, D. Neil Hayes, Jennifer R. Grandis
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2015)

Large and comprehensive genomic surveys of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are now greatly increasing our understanding of the diversity of this disease and the key genomic changes that drive these tumors. The results from these studies are beginning to inform the introduction of novel therapies for patients with HNSCCs. Here, we review some of the key findings from recent genomic studies of head and neck cancers, including the most comprehensive study to date from The Cancer Genome Atlas Network.
BLOOD PLASMA PROTEIN REGENERATION AS INFLUENCED BY FASTING, INFECTION, AND DIET FACTORS
Authors: S. C. Madden, W. E. George, G. S. Waraich, H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

When blood plasma proteins are depleted by bleeding, with return of the washed red cells (plasmapheresis) it is possible to bring dogs to a steady state of hypoproteinemia and a uniform plasma protein production on a basal low protein diet. These dogs are clinically normal with normal appetite, no anemia and normal nitrogen metabolism. These dogs become test subjects by which various factors relating to plasma protein production may be tested. The normal dog (10 to 13 kg.) has a substantial reserve store of plasma protein building material (10 to 60+ gm.) which requires 2 to 6 weeks plasmapheresis for its complete removal. After this period the dog will produce uniform amounts of plasma protein each week on a fixed basal diet. Dogs previously depleted by plasmapheresis and then permitted to return to normal during a long rest period of many weeks, may show much higher reserve stores of protein building material in subsequent periods of plasma depletion (see Table 1). Under uniform conditions of low protein diet intake when plasmapheresis is discontinued for 2 weeks the plasma protein building material is stored quantitatively in the body and can subsequently be recovered (Table 4) in the next 2 to 3 weeks of plasmapheresis. Given complete depletion of plasma protein building reserve stores the dog can produce very little (2+/- gm. per week) plasma protein on a protein-free diet. This may be related to the wear and tear of body protein and conservation of these split products. Abscesses produced in a depleted dog during a fast may cause some excess production of plasma protein which is probably related to products of tissue destruction conserved for protein anabolism. Gelatin alone added to the basal diet causes very little plasma protein production but when supplemented by tryptophane gives a large protein output, while tryptophane alone is inert.
Abstract 2704: Tetraspanin CD151 drives mammary tumor onset and metastasis by coordinating integrin-dependent cell adhesion, motility, survival and signaling
Authors: Xinyu Deng, John Hoff, Marian Novak, David Kaetzel, Martin E. Hemler, Xiuwei H. Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The ErbB2+ subtype of human breast tumors remains a significant threat to women's health, as they are highly prone to recurrence or metastasis, and development of drug resistance. Here we report that CD151, a member of the tetraspanin family and a close partner of the laminin-binding (LB) integrins (≥3α1 and α6β4), contributes to the onset and malignancy of ErbB2-induced mammary tumors. By crossing gene-targeted mice onto a clinically-relevant MMTV-ErbB2 transgenic model, we demonstrated that deletion of CD151 significantly impaired the onset and metastasis of mammary tumors in mice. Our subsequent analyses of cell lines derived from mouse primary tumors showed that loss of CD151 decreased integrin-mediated cell-ECM adhesion and cell-cell contacts. Also, for ErbB2-overexpressing MCF-10A cells cultured in 2D or 3D, ablation of CD151 markedly reduced tumor cell motility, invasion and survival. However, only MAPK and FAK kinases among an array of signaling molecules downstream of integrins and ErbB receptors, exhibited a decreased activation in response to CD151 disruption. Importantly, there were corresponding changes in the activation and signaling of α6β4 integrin, as reflected by decreased phosphorylation of multiple serine residues at its cytoplasmic domain. Also, the cross-talk between integrins and ErbB receptors was strongly inhibited. Meanwhile, our analyses of clinical dataset revealed a strong correlation between CD151 gene expression and patients’ metastasis-free survival. Taken together, our results demonstrate that tetraspanin CD151 drives ErbB2-induced mammary tumorigenesis by coordinating the function and signaling of LB integrins. This newly-identified crucial role of CD151 offers a strong therapeutic potential for the treatment of breast cancer patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2704. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2704