tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Follow-Up Study of Diabetic Oklahoma Indians: Mortality and causes of death
Authors: Elisa T Lee, Dana Russell, Nisa Jorge, Susan Kenny, Mei-Lin Yu
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE— To determine the mortality rates and causes of death for diabetic Oklahoma Indian adults by sex and age. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— This was a cohort follow-up study with baseline examination between 1972–1980 and the mortality follow-up between 1986 and 1989. Mean follow-up time was 10 ± 4 yr. A quasi-random sample of 1012 (379 men and 633 women) NIDDM American Indians in Oklahoma was performed. Mean age was 52 yr and duration was 7 yr at baseline. Mean degree of Indian blood was 92% (77% full blood). At follow-up, 548 (54%) were alive, 452 (45%) were decreased, and 12 (1%) could not be traced. RESULTS— Death certificates were obtained and coded (ICD-9) for 439 (97%) of the deceased. Mean annual mortality rates were 4.99% for men and 4.17% for women, with an increasing trend with age for both sexes. Compared with the general population of Oklahoma, the observed/expected ratios for number of deaths were 2.92 for men and 4.09 for women (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The three leading causes of death were circulatory disease (38%), diabetes (24%), and malignant neoplasms (12%). CONCLUSIONS— There is an excessively high mortality among diabetic Oklahoma Indians compared with the general population in the state and with diabetic patients in other populations.
False-positive HIV Antibody Tests in RPR-Reactive Patients-Reply
Authors: David W. Fleming
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In Reply.—  In our previous study, using the first-generation (version) Abbott human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III) ELISA, 15 (24.2%) of 62 RPR-reactive serum samples tested falsely positive for HIV antibody. Drs Kvinesdal and Pedersen did not observe this association when using their own indirect ELISA. Since publishing our original study, we have evaluated the current (third version) Abbott HTLV III-ELISA kit 1 and several other HIV antibody ELISA kits currently on the market. After personal identifiers had been removed, 265 serum samples that had been submitted for routine syphilis testing were first tested for HIV antibodies using the new Abbott kit. All 91 RPR-nonreactive serum samples were negative for HIV antibody. Of the 160 RPR-reactive serum samples, 26 were initially reactive and 11 were repeatedly reactive for HIV antibody. Of these 26, only six (all repeatedly reactive) were positive by indirect fluorescent antibody and Western blot testing. Among
Cerebral Blood Flow Studies With Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m and the Scintillation Camera
Authors: Gerald Burke
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The use of radioisotopes in the measurement of cerebral blood flow has been extensively investigated.<sup>1</sup>Although recent studies<sup>2-4</sup>involving external monitoring of intravenously administered radionuclides have been of significant value in the assessment of cerebral circulation, anatomic or regional localization of vascular lesions has proven difficult. The clinical utility of the scintillation camera in the performance of dynamic clinical studies with radioisotopes<sup>5,6</sup>and the recent use of short-lived radionuclides such as sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m in studies of regional blood flow<sup>7</sup>suggested the feasibility of quantitating cerebral blood flow concomitant with constant visual monitoring of the passage of<sup>99m</sup>Tc through the carotid and major cerebral arteries. Forty-four subjects without neurologic disease have been studied as controls; 15 patients with recent cerebrovascular accidents and 1 patient with an arteriovenous malformation have also been tested. <h3>Procedure</h3> We have recently modifiedthe scintillation camera employed,<sup>5</sup>by the use
Metabolic and flow correlates of myocardial ischaemia
Authors: D J HEARSE, R CROME, D M YELLON, R WYSE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Journal Article Metabolic and flow correlates of myocardial ischaemia Get access D J HEARSE, D J HEARSE * *Address for reprint requests: Dr D J Hearse, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1, UK. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R CROME, R CROME Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D M YELLON, D M YELLON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R WYSE R WYSE †Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 17, Issue 8, August 1983, Pages 452–458, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/17.8.452 Published: 01 August 1983
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (Excluding Peptic Ulcer and Esophageal Varices)
Authors: Irving B. Brick, Harold J. Jeghers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

Polyps and Other Benign Tumors Esophagus. Leiomyoma is probably the most common benign tumor of the esophagus and may bleed by erosion of the mucosa. Polyps are quite infrequent here. Stomach. A leiomyoma may grow quite slowly and may be present for years without causing any great difficulty. We recently encountered an elderly woman who was seen for recurrence of hematemesis. Her first hemorrhage had occurred six years previously, and at that time a moderately large gastric filling defect was noted on x-ray study. The patient refused surgery and had been free of gastric symptoms until the hematemesis recurred. X-ray . . .
Changes in hepatitis A and B vaccination rates in adult patients with chronic liver diseases and diabetes in the U.S. population
Authors: Zobair M. Younossi, Maria Stepanova
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Professional societies recommend hepatitis A and hepatitis B immunization for individuals with chronic liver disease (CLD), but the degree of implementation is unknown. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted in 1999-2008. For the entire study population and for those with CLD and diabetes, we determined the rates and independent predictors of history of hepatitis A and hepatitis B (HepA and HepB) vaccinations, of their effectiveness, and of seroprevalence of hepatitis A antibody and anti-HB surface antibody. In total, 24,871 participants from NHANES were included: 14,886 (1999-2004) and 9,985 (2005-2008). Of these individuals, 14.0% had CLD and 8.6% had diabetes. During the study period, HepA vaccination in CLD increased from 13.3% ± 1.0% to 20.0% ± 1.5%, HepB vaccination increased from 23.4% ± 1.2% to 32.1% ± 1.5%. Of subtypes of CLD, HepA vaccination rates increased only in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), whereas HepB vaccination increased for patients with hepatitis C and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In the diabetic cohort, HepA vaccination rates increased from 9.3% ± 1.1% to 15.4% ± 1.7% and HepB rates increased from 15.2% ± 1.5% to 22.4% ± 1.7%. All changes were similar to those observed in the general population. The quality measure (QM) for HepA in the general population decreased from 44.4% ± 1.2% in 1999-2004 to 41.7% ± 1.9% in 2005-2008, and similar changes were noted for all subcohorts. On the other hand, QM for HepB increased from 31.7% ± 0.9% to 40.7% ± 1.0% in the population, whereas no changes in QM were noted in any diagnostic cohort except for NAFLD.Although vaccination rates in CLD and diabetic cohorts are increasing, they remain low. Given the public health implications of acute hepatitis A and hepatitis B in patients with CLD, better implementation of the vaccination recommendations for these populations is warranted.
Clinical Crossroads: A 21-Year-Old Woman With Menstrual Irregularity
Authors: Colleen Fogarty
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Clinical Crossroads article<sup>1</sup>discussing menstrual irregularity in a young woman displays some disturbing attitudes regarding menstruation. For example, Dr D, the physician who cared for the patient, used words like "anxious" and "big source of aggravation and inconvenience" to refer to the menses and reflect a negative perception of women's experience of menses. Indeed, one cultural value of the West views menstruation with "shame and disgust," an attitude that can be traced to the 19th century, when menstruation began to be viewed as a pathological process.<sup>2</sup>Even in the modern era, medical research and discourse view menstruation and other aspects of women's physiology more commonly from a "deficit" or "problem" perspective, which reflects a patriarchal influence.<sup>3</sup> Many women view the menses as the defining element of womanhood.<sup>2</sup>Equally important is the awareness that attitudes about the menses may vary depending on societal
Tolerance induction with T cell–dependent protein antigens induces regulatory sialylated IgGs
Authors: Carolin M. Oefner, André Winkler, Constanze Hess, Alexandra K. Lorenz, Vivien Holecska, Melanie Huxdorf, Tim Schommartz, Dominique Petzold, Josephine Bitterling, Anna-Lena Schoen, Alexander D. Stoehr, Dana Vu Van, Yasemin Darcan-Nikolaisen, Véronique Blanchard, Inken Schmudde, Yves Laumonnier, Heike A. Ströver, Ahmed N. Hegazy, Susanne Eiglmeier, Carolin T. Schoen, Maria M.M. Mertes, Christoph Loddenkemper, Max Löhning, Peter König, Arnd Petersen, Elke O. Luger, Mattias Collin, Jörg Köhl, Andreas Hutloff, Eckard Hamelmann, Markus Berger, Hedda Wardemann, Marc Ehlers
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Ethical Issues in Governing Biobanks: Global Perspectives
Authors: Thomas A. Faunce
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tracking Ancient Polyploids: A Retroposon Insertion Reveals an Extinct Diploid Ancestor in the Polyploid Origin of Belladonna
Authors: Y.-w. Yuan, Z.-y. Zhang, Z.-d. Chen, R. G. Olmstead
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

Polyploidy is a prominent process in plant evolution and adaptation, but molecular phylogenetic studies of polyploids based on DNA sequences have often been confounded by their complex gene and genome histories. We report here a retroposon insertion in the nuclear gene granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI or “waxy”) that clearly reveals the ancient hybrid history of the medically important polyploid species belladonna (Atropa belladonna) and resolves the controversy over the taxonomic group to which it belongs, the tribe Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae). Our inferences based on the pattern of presence or absence of the retroposon insertion are corroborated by phylogenetic analyses of the GBSSI gene sequences. This case may suggest that retroposons are promising molecular markers to study polyploid evolution.
Generic Drug Savings
Authors: Jennifer S. Haas, Kathryn A. Phillips, Andrew C. Seger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters6 December 2005Generic Drug SavingsJennifer S. Haas, MD, MSPH, Kathryn A. Phillips, PhD, and Andrew C. Seger, PharmDJennifer S. Haas, MD, MSPHFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02120.Search for more papers by this author, Kathryn A. Phillips, PhDFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02120.Search for more papers by this author, and Andrew C. Seger, PharmDFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02120.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-11-200512060-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Laroche and Merle raise several issues about the potential risks of switching to a generic formulation. We agree that a generic drug may have different inactive ingredients, such as coloring agents, than the branded product. Uncommonly, an inactive ingredient may cause an allergic reaction. This is true for brand-name drugs as well as generics. In reviewing the literature, we found only a handful of case reports about allergic reactions to inactive ingredients, most commonly coloring agents.In the United States, generic formulations are examined and approved by the Food and Drug Administration as being bioequivalent to a ...References1. Nightingale SL. From the Food and Drug Administration. JAMA. 1998;279:645. [PMID: 9496968] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. National Institute for Health Care Management Foundation. A Primer: Generic Drugs, Patents and the Pharmaceutical Marketplace. Washington, DC: NIHCM Foundation; 2002. Google Scholar3. Gandhi TK, Weingart SN, Borus J, Seger AC, Peterson J, Burdick E, et al. Adverse drug events in ambulatory care. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1556-64. [PMID: 12700376] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02120.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPotential Savings from Substituting Generic Drugs for Brand-Name Drugs: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 1997–2000 Jennifer S. Haas , Kathryn A. Phillips , Eric P. Gerstenberger , and Andrew C. Seger Generic Drug Savings Marie-Laure Laroche and Louis Merle Metrics 6 December 2005Volume 143, Issue 11Page: 845KeywordsAllergy and immunologyConflicts of interestDrug administrationDrug safetyDrugsHealth carePharmacists ePublished: 6 December 2005 Issue Published: 6 December 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Mechanisms of hepatocyte injury and death
Authors: N. Mcintyre
Journal: Gut (1985)

<h3>Background:</h3> Improving rural health is often identified as a priority area for research and policy in Canada. We examined how findings on HIV outcomes (virologic suppression) can vary depending on the definition of rurality used. <h3>Methods:</h3> We performed retrospective cohort analyses using the Comparative Outcomes and Service Utilization Trends study population-based cohort of adults (age ≥ 19 yr) living with HIV in British Columbia between Jan. 4, 2012, and Mar. 31, 2013. We performed univariate logistic regression analyses using the following geographic variables to predict HIV virologic suppression: rurality defined by forward sortation area, by Statistical Area Classification and by health authority. We mapped suppression using geographic information systems. <h3>Results:</h3> Virologic suppression was observed in 5605 (65.2%) of 8598 participants. In univariate analysis, rurality defined by Statistical Area Classification (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.82), but not by forward sortation area, was associated with lower odds of suppression. When we examined suppression by health authority, Northern Health had the lowest odds of suppression (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.36–0.58 compared to Vancouver Coastal Health). Geographic information systems mapping showed poorer suppression in northern areas. <h3>Interpretation:</h3> Health outcome findings can vary depending on the definition of the geographic variable. When including geographic variables, researchers should carefully consider variable definitions and whether other classification systems, such as north–south, are more appropriate than rurality for their analysis.
Left heart bypass in the surgery of aortic coarctation in children.
Authors: N J Buckels, R G Willetts, K D Roberts
Journal: Thorax (1988)

Of 47 children over the age of 1 year who underwent repair of aortic coarctation during 1978-85, 22 had the operation performed with left heart bypass because the distal aortic pressure was below 50 mm Hg after the initial application of the arterial clamps. One further child had an elective left heart bypass. Satisfactory distal perfusion was achieved in all 23 patients. There were no deaths related to the use of left heart bypass but three complications occurred. One child had a mild transient hemiparesis on the ninth postoperative day and two had a pericardial effusion.
Hip Arthroplasty with Mass-Like Pelvic Granulomatous Disease: PET Imaging
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen, Panol C. Ram, Michael C. Roarke
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Infectious and inflammatory complications of arthroplasty may exhibit F-18 FDG uptake during PET imaging. These positive findings may complicate the cancer evaluation and staging in a patient population with joint prosthetic replacement. To the previously reported patterns of tracer accumulation in prosthetic infection and loosening, the authors add the PET findings of pelvic mass-like granulomatous disease in a patient with suspected recurrent melanoma.
Systematically Assessing the Influence of 3-Dimensional Structural Context on the Molecular Evolution of Mammalian Proteomes
Authors: Sun Shim Choi, Eric J. Vallender, Bruce T. Lahn
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

The 3-dimensional (3D) structural context of amino acid residues in a protein could significantly impact the level of selective constraint on the residues. Here, by analyzing 767 mammalian proteins, we systematically investigate how various 3D structural contexts influence selective constraint. The structural contexts we examined include solvent accessibility, secondary structure, and intramolecular residue-residue interactions. Through this analysis, we offer quantitative information on how 3D structural contexts affect the level of selective constraint.
Physician-Scientists and the Medical Profession
Authors: John E. Fitzgerald
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the editorial, "E Pluribus Unum," (<i>JAMA</i><b>185</b>:720 [Nov 16] 1963) the point is made that "It is folly to consider the student who goes into basic science as lost to medicine." There is no need to look so far afield; some<i>physicians</i>who go into basic science are also "lost to medicine." A physician who holds an MD degree but elects to undertake graduate study and pursue a career of basic (medical) science may be denied the right of membership in the American Medical Association. Membership appears to be available only to licensed practicing physicians in accordance with the bylaws of the individual county medical societies. It is difficult under the best conditions for the practicing physician to maintain an adequate working knowledge of the tremendous and ever-increasing output of basic research which directly affects medicine. It would seem, therefore, that there is a real
"FEWER WOMEN MEDICAL STUDENTS"
Authors: Mary McKibbin-Harper
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The London correspondent quotes inThe Journal, Oct. 30, 1926, p. 1490, from a newspaper statement of the secretary of the Charing Cross Hospital, observations which do not tally with the impressions or data collected in a tour of one and one-half years that I made among the medical women of the world. My visit to the English women was from June to September, 1925, and I have delayed this reply until the latest data could be furnished. Lady Barrett, M.D., dean of the London Medical School for Women (Royal Free), from which English women are qualified, says, "The number now entering is the greatest ever recorded." The allegation as to the unemployment of women is answered by a questionnaire to the classes of ′23, ′24 and ′25. Replies have already been received from 216 out of 234, showing that only thirty-three are temporarily out of employment.
Renin Inhibition and AT1R blockade improve metabolic signaling, oxidant stress and myocardial tissue remodeling
Authors: Adam Whaley-Connell, Javad Habibi, Nathan Rehmer, Sivakumar Ardhanari, Melvin R. Hayden, Lakshmi Pulakat, Caroline Krueger, Carlos M. Ferrario, Vincent G. DeMarco, James R. Sowers
Journal: Metabolism (2013)
Myocardial atrio-venous junctions and extensions (sleeves) over the pulmonary and caval veins: Anatomical observations in various mammals
Authors: H. Nathan, H. Gloobe
Journal: Thorax (1970)

Aim: To determine whether treatment with the stem cell stimulator Olimpiq® Stem×Cell prevents increase of retinal and renal vascular permeability in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Two groups of Wistar rats were made diabetic by single intraperitoneal injection of Alloxan. The third, the control group, received vehicle alone. One diabetic group received Olimpiq® Stem×Cell treatment for 4 weeks. The permeability of the blood–retinal barrier (BRB) and renal vessels were measured by the extravasation of fluorescein–labeled bovine serum albumin. Results: Six weeks subsequently to Alloxan injection, significantly elevated the tissue fluorescence, the renal vascular leakage and BRB breakdown was demonstrated in the diabetic group, compared to the nondiabetic group. Olimpiq® Stem×Cell treatment significantly reduced the BRB breakdown, tissue fluorescence, and vascular leakage. Conclusion: Olimpiq® Stem×Cell would be a useful choice of treatment for complications associated with increased vascular permeability of diabetes, such as retinopathy or nephropathy.
Positive Selection Within Sperm-Egg Adhesion Domains of Fertilin: An ADAM Gene with a Potential Role in Fertilization
Authors: Alberto Civetta
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

Genes with a role in fertilization show a common pattern of rapid evolution. The role played by positive selection versus lack of selective constraints has been more difficult to establish. One problem arises from attempts to detect selection in an overall gene sequence analysis. I have analyzed the pattern of molecular evolution of fertilin, a gene coding for a heterodimeric sperm protein belonging to the ADAM (A disintegrin and A metalloprotease) gene family. A nonsynonymous to synonymous rate ratio (dN/dS) analysis for different protein domains of fertilin α and fertilin β showed dN/dS < 1, suggesting that purifying selection has shaped fertilin's evolution. However, an analysis of the distribution of single positively selected codon sites using phylogentic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML) showed sites within adhesion domains (disintegrin and cysteine-rich) of fertilin β evolving under positive selection. The region 3′ to the EGF-like domain of fertilin α, where the transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail regions are supposed to be localized, showed higher dN and dS than any other fertilin α region. However, it was not possible to identify positively selected codon sites due to ambiguous alignments of the carboxy-end region (ClustalX vs. DiAlign2). When this region was excluded from the PAML analysis, most single positively selected codon sites were concentrated within adhesion domains (cysteine-rich and EGF-like). The use of an ancestral sequence prior to a recent duplication event of fertilin α among non-Hominidae primates (Macaca, Papio, and Saguinus) revealed that the duplication is partially responsible for masking the detection of positively selected sites within the disintegrin domain. Finally, most ADAM genes with a potential role in sperm maturation and/or fertilization showed significantly higher dN estimates than other ADAM genes.