tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural and phenotypic changes in Langerhans cells induced in vitro by contact allergens
Authors: C.A. PICUT, C.S. LEE, R.M. LEWIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Ultrastructural and phenotypic changes in Langerhans cells induced in vitro by contact allergens Get access C.A. PICUT, C.A. PICUT Department of Pathology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. Catherine A.Picut, V.M.D., Department of Pathology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.S. LEE, C.S. LEE Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.M. LEWIS R.M. LEWIS Department of Pathology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 116, Issue 6, 1 June 1987, Pages 773–784, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04895.x Published: 01 June 1987
A new twist to translation initiation of the hepatitis C virus
Authors: Rainer Gosert, Darius Moradpour
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Translation initiation in eukaryotes is a complex process that requires interaction of the messenger RNA (mRNA) with various cellular factors, the initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA i ) as well as the large (60S) and small (40S) subunits of the ribosome. 1First, the 5Ј end of the mRNA bearing a m 7 GpppN cap structure (where N can be any nucleotide) is recognized by eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F).Subsequently, the 43S particle (comprising the 40S small ribosomal subunit, eIF2/Met-tRNA i , and eIF3) binds to the mRNA/eIF4F complex to form a functional 48S preinitiation complex.This complex scans the mRNA for the first AUG initiation codon, where the 60S ribosomal subunit joins the paused 40S subunit to form the 80S ribosome, and protein synthesis begins.In contrast, hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses an alternative mechanism to initiate translation of its genome. 2Here, translation is initiated in a cap-independent manner on an RNA element located in the 5Ј noncoding region, termed internal ribosome entry site (IRES).HCV IRES-driven translation initiation occurs through direct recognition of the 40S subunit and eIF3 by the IRES RNA tertiary structure, eliminating the need for the cap structure and other cap-binding factors.This mechanism of translation initiation, which was first described for picornavirus genomes, 3,4 is utilized only by a few cellular mRNAs. 5Although secondary structure predictions based on chemical and enzymatic probing have been reported for the HCV IRES, allowing the division into domains II-IV, and cofactors such as eIF3 have been defined, 6 the molecular mechanisms underlying recruitment of eIF3 and precise placement of the start codon in the decoding center of the ribosome are not understood.In their very elegant work, Spahn et al. combined cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and 3-dimensional modeling to reveal the first 3-dimensional view of the interaction between the HCV IRES and the 40S subunit of the ribosome (Fig. 1).Three-dimensional reconstruction of a vacant 40S ribosomal subunit at 20 Å resolution clearly showed its main structural features, such as the body, head, and platform domains (Fig. 1 A-C).When bound to the 40S ribosomal subunit, the HCV IRES RNA adopts a single conformation (Fig. 1D-F).This is in contrast to previous observations with the unbound HCV IRES RNA, 7 but would be consistent with the notion that the IRES RNA may hold the downstream coding RNA in position until the translation machinery is assembled and the ribosome is in transition to form the first peptide bond. 8he investigators took advantage of a domain II deletion construct with nearly wild-type binding affinity to assign the structural domains of the IRES RNA (Fig. 1G-I).Domain II was found to be in contact with the 40S ribosome head and platform.This is the exclusive interaction in close vicinity to the active site of the ribosome.Therefore, domain II may facilitate the placement of the coding RNA in the ribosomal decoding center.Domain III is making various contacts with the 40S ribosomal subunit. 9How-
Aly/Aly mice: A unique model of biliary disease
Authors: Koichi Tsuneyama, Naoko Kono, Masahiro Hoso, Hiroyuki Sugahara, Kazuharu Yoshida, Kazuyoshi Katayanagi, Eric M. Gershwin, Katsuhiko Saito, Yasuni Nakanuma
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

An autosomal recessive murine mutation, coined "aly/aly" or "alymphoplasia," was recently reported. Homozygotes for aly are defective in both humoral and cell-mediated immune function and have diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration of various tissues, particularly around the conduit ducts of the pancreas and salivary glands. In pilot studies in our laboratories, aly/aly mice were found to have peculiar biliary tract lesions, which were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically in the present study. The livers of aly/aly mice older than 8 weeks consistently showed a variable lymphoid cell infiltration with lymph follicle formation in portal tracts; intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells showed various types of damage including pseudopyloric gland metaplasia and proliferative changes. In addition, the extrahepatic bile duct and intrahepatic large bile duct were found to contain an acidophilic substance in their epithelial cytoplasm. In the lumen and occasionally in the cytoplasm of these bile ducts, acidophilic crystals were also seen. Ultrastructurally, the intracytoplasmic acidophilic substances consisted of membrane-bound intracytoplasmic inclusions with homogeneous electron density, likely derived from rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Immunohistochemically, the cytoplasmic acidophilic substances were simultaneously positive for cystatin C, gastrin, serotonin, and somatostatin. In contrast, the acidophilic crystals did not react with any of these antibodies. These findings suggest that the intracytoplasmic acidophilic substances may contain a precursor of the peptide hormones, possibly because of defective secretion or intracellular transport. We believe that the aly/aly mouse is a useful model for the analysis of biliary metabolic events, and for studies of the interaction of the immune system and biliary destruction.
Studies on the uptake, metabolism, and release of endogenous and exogenous chemicals by use of the isolated perfused lung
Authors: M. W. Anderson, T. E. Eling
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The isolated perfused lung is a valuable tool for studying many lung functions. The kinds of information one can obtain from the isolated perfused lung are illustrated by examples from our studies on the uptake, accumulation, and metabolism of endogenous and exogenous chemicals.
Shands' Handbook of Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Richard A. Silver
Journal: JAMA (1972)

This new edition of theHandbook of Orthopaedic Surgerycarries a change in title, authorship, and content which honors Dr. A. R. Shands, Jr., who was the original author in 1937. The new authorship is consistent with the literary standards of the text. As the editors state, the handbook continues its primary objective, to present the fundamental facts and principles of orthopedic surgery concisely, but in enough detail to give a wellrounded knowledge of the subject.  To provide pertinent, reliable, and newer aspects of orthopedic surgery, the authors have made a number of revisions in various chapters. Chapters that merit particular praise are those entitled Neuromuscular Affections,  Principles and Fracture Healing, Amputations, Prosthetics and Braces. Both the medical illustrations and the bibliography deserve special praise.  The book is better organized and continues to be easy reading. It is ideal for students in medicine, occupational therapy, and physical therapy, while
The Lasègue Test
Authors: L. A. Whitehill
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The following test is useful in early and suspected cases of sciatic neuropathy. Many patients are surprised to discover, from this test, that so much functional involvement has already occurred. The patient supports his entire weight on the toes of each foot, separately. At the same time he raises the heel of the supporting foot maximally. If there is affectation of the sciatic nerve, he will experience much difficulty, which will be obvious when compared with the ability to support his weight on the normal side. The sciatic nerve is presumably stretched by the hyperextension, and simultaneously compressed throughout its length by the tensed and taut muscles surrounding it. The test is executed during a moment of maximal functional activity. I have found this test most sensitive to the early detection of sciatic neuropathy.
Presidential Disability and the Twenty-fifth Amendment
Authors: John Sotos
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The fine article by Drs Aaron and Rockoff<sup>1</sup>on the attempted assassination of President Reagan omits an extraordinary fact: for the first 50 years of this republic, an assault on the president was unthinkable—so unthinkable that personal protective services were not even provided for him. Thus, the circumstances of the first presidential assault and attempted assassination are of considerable interest. On May 6, 1833, President Andrew Jackson, then in his second term, was aboard a steamboat docked at Alexandria, Va. Robert Randolph, recently dismissed from the navy, approached the seated president and suddenly "thrust his fist violently into Jackson's face as if to pull his nose." Jackson cried out and a scuffle ensued. Aides of the president, as well as the writer Washington Irving, grappled with Randolph, who was able to throw them off and flee. Jackson, his cane upraised, started in pursuit, but aides stopped
Assessment of bronchodilator responsiveness in preschool children using forced oscillations
Authors: C. Thamrin, C. L Gangell, K. Udomittipong, M. M H Kusel, H. Patterson, T. Fukushima, A. Schultz, G. L Hall, S. M Stick, P. D Sly
Journal: Thorax (2007)

<b>Background:</b> The forced oscillation technique (FOT) requires minimal patient cooperation and is feasible in preschool children. Few data exist on respiratory function changes measured using FOT following inhaled bronchodilators (BD) in healthy young children, limiting the clinical applications of BD testing in this age group. A study was undertaken to determine the most appropriate method of quantifying BD responses using FOT in healthy young children and those with common respiratory conditions including cystic fibrosis, neonatal chronic lung disease and asthma and/or current wheeze. <b>Methods:</b> A pseudorandom FOT signal (4–48 Hz) was used to examine respiratory resistance and reactance at 6, 8 and 10 Hz; 3–5 acceptable measurements were made before and 15 min after the administration of salbutamol. The post-BD response was expressed in absolute and relative (percentage of baseline) terms. <b>Results:</b> Significant BD responses were seen in all groups. Absolute changes in BD responses were related to baseline lung function within each group. Relative changes in BD responses were less dependent on baseline lung function and were independent of height in healthy children. Those with neonatal chronic lung disease showed a strong baseline dependence in their responses. The BD response in children with cystic fibrosis, asthma or wheeze (based on both group mean data and number of responders) was not greater than in healthy children. <b>Conclusions:</b> The BD response assessed by the FOT in preschool children should be expressed as a relative change to account for the effect of baseline lung function. The limits for a positive BD response of −40% and 65% for respiratory resistance and reactance, respectively, are recommended.
CRYPTOPHTHALMIAWITH REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: DAVID H. COOVER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

In cryptophthalmia we have a total congenital ankyloblepharon and symblepharon, and there is also invariably abnormality of the eyeball and often of the orbit. In addition other abnormalities are generally present, especially syndactylism (Manz, Chiari, Otto); and malformation of the genitalia (Manz, Chiari), meningoencephalocele (van Duyse), hare-lip (Chiari), cleft palate, facial fissure, malformed concha, atresia of the larynx (Chiari), ventral hernia (Manz), aplasia of the kidneys, etc., have been observed. The first case of cryptophthalmia was recorded by Zehender and the patient examined anatomically by Manz, 1872. Cases have since been recorded by Hocquart, Chiari, van Duyse (two cases), Fuchs, Otto, Bach and Karmann; seven patients have been examined anatomically. In six cases the abnormality was bilateral, in three unilateral. Consanguinity in the parents has been recorded once only. The cases reported in this paper were both bilateral. In this condition the skin passes continuously from the brow over the
Some Metabolic Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside in Man
Authors: C. J. Vesey, P. V. Cole, J. C. Linnell, J. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1974)

The infusion of sodium nitroprusside during surgical operations produced plasma levels of cyanide of up to four times the control value. Plasma thiocyanate showed little change except during prolonged infusion of the drug, but total plasma B(12) tended to fall, as did methylcobalamin. Other cobalamins showed little change after nitroprusside infusion for short periods. During longer infusions the ratio of methylcobalamin to adenosyl + hydroxocobalamin fell and cyanocobalamin concentrations were high.
Aid agencies launch appeal for Iraqi refugees, while cholera spreads in northern Iraq
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

International health agencies launched a coordinated appeal last week for $85m (£42m; €60m) to help more than 2.2 million Iraqis who have fled to neighbouring countries. The appeal comes as another 1.2 million Iraqis have been internally displaced, partly as a result of the rapid spread of a cholera outbreak that began in the Kurdish north of Iraq.

Cholera was confirmed by laboratory testing of samples from a 25 year old woman in Baghdad last week, and it is likely that more cases will be confirmed there soon, the World Health Organization …
Lentiviral Vector Transduction of a Dominant-negative Rev Gene Into Human CD34+ Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Potently Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Replication
Authors: Ingrid Bahner, Teiko Sumiyoshi, Mercy Kagoda, Robin Swartout, Denise Peterson, Karen Pepper, Fred Dorey, Jacob Reiser, Donald B Kohn
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Gene therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 may be performed by introducing into hematopoietic stem cells genes that inhibit replication of HIV-1 using lentiviral vectors. However, production of lentiviral vectors derived from HIV-1 may be inhibited by the gene being carried to inhibit HIV-1 and these vectors could be mobilized by wild-type HIV-1 infecting transduced cells. This study investigates these problems for the delivery of a dominant-negative rev gene humanized revM10 (huM10) by a lentiviral vector. Although most packaging plasmids suffered inhibition of expression of HIV-1 virion proteins by vectors expressing huM10, the packaging plasmids that expressed the highest levels of HIV-1 virion proteins produced vectors at titers that would be sufficient for clinical applications. The vectors carrying huM10 were used to transduce primary human CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells and yielded high-level transduction without toxicity and conferred potent inhibition of HIV-1. The use of lentiviral vectors with deletion of the enhancers and promoter from the LTR (self-inactivating (SIN) vectors) decreased the frequency of vector mobilization by wild-type HIV-1; SIN vectors carrying huM10 were not mobilized detectably. These studies indicate that lentiviral vectors can be made effective for use in gene therapy for HIV-1.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for sleep disturbance decreases inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Hung-Yuan Chen, I-Chih Cheng, Yi-Ju Pan, Yen-Ling Chiu, Shih-Ping Hsu, Mei-Fen Pai, Ju-Yeh Yang, Yu-Sen Peng, Tun-Jun Tsai, Kwan-Dun Wu
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF NEW TYPES OF HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE
Authors: Grace Leidy, Eros Hahn, Hattie E. Alexander
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1953)

Two new types of Hemophilus influenzae, Sab and Sad have been produced in vitro. Each exhibits the presence of the type specific polysaccharides of 2 types of E. influenzae within the same cell. In Sab the polysaccharides of types a and b have been demonstrated and in Sad those which characterize types a and d. The Sab and Sad traits are inherited. Sab was produced by the action of DNA-containing extract isolated from type a on either type b cells or Rb cells (non-encapsulated non-type-specific cells derived from type b). Sad cells were formed as a result of the action of the DNA-containing extract isolated from type d on cells intermediate between Rab and Sab cells. DNA-containing extracts isolated from Sab cells have induced the Sab trait in Rd cells with predictable regularity. Evidence has been presented that the hereditary determinant of Sab cells is a new genetic substance with new functions. Therefore, the interaction of the DNA-containing substance from cells of one genetic type with living cells of a genetically different type has produced what appears to be a new individual which differs from each of the cells contributing the differing genetic traits but has at least one trait in common with each. Sab cells derived presumably from a single cell show the appearance of type b cells sometime during the first 7 generations.
Abstract 806: Anti-tumor effects of low temperature whole body hyperthermia on human bladder cancer cells <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Yutaka Yamamoto, Marco A. De Velasco, Yi Wang, Ayaka Izumi, Erina Okazaki, Makiko Doi, Yuji Hatanaka, Nobutaka Shimizu, Kazuhiro Yoshimura, Masahiro Nozawa, Kazuhiro Yoshikawa, Hirotugu Uemura
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract As a whole, the concept of thermotherapy is still under study. However, there is an abundant amount basic and pre-clinical published reports that have shown the antitumor effects of hyperthermia in various cancer models. Local, regional and whole body hyperthermia (WBH) has been studied and the effectiveness of the treatment depends largely on the temperature achieved and the duration of treatment. High temperatures, low duration (heat shock) will have a direct killing effect on exposed cells. The limitation to this approach is the restriction of tumor location. Low temperature, high duration WBH is generally considered to be the least toxic but requires long exposures that are generally uncomfortable or inconvenient to the patients. In this study we investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a synthetic far-infrared emitting biomaterial (BR), capable of inducing mild whole body hyperthermia, alone or in combination with chemotherapy against bladder cancer cell lines in vivo. Immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice were inoculated with a human superficial bladder cancer cell (KU7/GFP) or mouse bladder cancer cell (NBT2), respectively, and treated with BR alone or in combination with doxorubicin (Dox). Mice exposed to BR increased their core body temperature by 1oC (P&amp;lt;0.05) after 2 weeks of exposure. Both immunocompetent and immunodeficient bearing subcutaneous tumor xenografts treated to WBH demonstrated a clear tendency in the reduction of tumor size. Histological analysis showed that tumors exposed to WBH had remarkable granulocyte infiltration accompanied by increased necrosis. Elevated levels of HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90 were detected in tumors of mice exposed to WBH. Increased levels of C-GSF, GM-CSF, TNFα and IL-12p70 corresponded to exposure to WBH. To determine the synergistic effects of WBH and chemotherapy, a survival study was carried out using immunodeficient mice orthotopically inoculated with KU7/GFP cells. Mice treated with Dox or WBH/Dox demonstrated a reduction in tumor size compared to mice treated with WBH and untreated controls. More interestingly, survival rates for control, WBH, Dox and WBH/Dox groups were 50% (5/10), 70% (7/10), 10% (1/10) and 50% (5/10), respectively. No clear differences were noted in HSP expression or granulocyte infiltration in these mice. Our data suggests that WBH may induce mild antitumor effects; although, the precise mechanism is still unclear, it appears that it may be due to an immuno-stimulatory effect. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 806. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-806
Sensitivity to Phenindione
Authors: B. E. Juel-Jensen
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Most cases of pilonidal sinus can be treated by excision and primary closure of the wound in preference to excision and allowing the wound to granulate-a method still commonly taught and practised.With primary closure the recovery time is shortened, and the risk of recurrence is no greater than that following the other method.The experience of primary closure in 112 cases is recorded and a technique is described.My grateful thanks are due to Sister M.
Valerian Pius Kimati
Authors: P M Barnes
Journal: BMJ (2005)

​ProfessorProfessor of paediatrics Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (b Tanzania 1936; q Makerere University, Uganda, 1964; DCH, FRCP Ed, FRCP Glas), d 29 May 2005.




Figure 1




Valerian Kimati did his postgraduate training in Glasgow. Returning to Tanzania, he had a distinguished career, becoming the first Tanzanian professor of paediatrics at the University of Dar es Salaam in 1979. He was president of the Medical Association of Tanzania and the first president of the Paediatric Association of Tanzania. He later became Unicef regional adviser in primary health care for south central Asia. After retirement at 60 he embarked on another career as professor of paediatrics at the International Medical and Technological University, Dar es Salaam, where he was also appointed vice chancellor. He leaves a wife, Eugenia, and two children.
Performance of Kits Used for Clinical Chemical Analysis of Cholesterol
Authors: Roy N. Barnett, Ann D. Cash, Siegfried P. Junghans
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

SINCE about 1960 convenient "kits" for quantitative determination of blood chemical constituents have become increasingly popular, to the point where several million are sold annually. They are used predominantly in small laboratories that lack the capacity to study product performance in a scientific and systematic fashion. A voluntary program in which the manufacturer provides substantial performance data, which are then checked independently, has been offered since 1964 by the Standards Committee of the College of American Pathologists, but this has been implemented for only a few kits.Because it seemed likely that unevaluated products might contain some incapable of producing . . .
FLT3-ITD and TLR9 use Bruton tyrosine kinase to activate distinct transcriptional programs mediating AML cell survival and proliferation
Authors: Thomas Oellerich, Sebastian Mohr, Jasmin Corso, Julia Beck, Carmen Döbele, Helene Braun, Anjali Cremer, Silvia Münch, Johannes Wicht, Mark F. Oellerich, Gesine Bug, Hanibal Bohnenberger, Christina Perske, Ekkehard Schütz, Henning Urlaub, Hubert Serve
Journal: Blood (2015)
Serum Galectin-3 Levels in Patients Undergoing First-time Diagnostic Coronary Angiography
Authors: Ahmet Bacaksız, Ziya Ismailoglu, Ahu Sarbay, Sitki Kucukbuzcu, Seref Kul, Abdurrahman Tasal, Osman Sonmez, Murat Turfan, Parviz Jafarov, Emin Asoglu, Mehmet Akif Vatankulu, Huseyin Uyarel, Omer Goktekin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)