tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy in Childhood and the Influence of Phenotype
Authors: Steven A. Webber, Steven E. Lipshultz, Lynn A. Sleeper, Minmin Lu, James D. Wilkinson, Linda J. Addonizio, Charles E. Canter, Steven D. Colan, Melanie D. Everitt, John Lynn Jefferies, Paul F. Kantor, Jacqueline M. Lamour, Renee Margossian, Elfriede Pahl, Paolo G. Rusconi, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) has been associated with poor prognosis in childhood. The goal of the present analysis was to use the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry to analyze outcomes of childhood RCM, with a focus on the impact of phenotype comparing pure RCM with cases that have additional features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).We analyzed the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry database (1990-2008; N=3375) for cases of RCM. Cases were defined as pure when RCM was the only assigned diagnosis. Additional documentation of HCM at any time was used as the criterion for RCM/HCM phenotype. RCM accounted for 4.5% of cases of cardiomyopathy. In 101 (66%), pure RCM was diagnosed; in 51 (34%), there was a mixed phenotype. Age at diagnosis was not different between groups, but 10% of the pure RCM group was diagnosed in infancy versus 24% of the RCM/HCM group. Freedom from death was comparable between groups with 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival of RCM 82%, 80%, and 68% versus RCM/HCM 77%, 74%, and 68%. Transplant-free survival was 48%, 34%, and 22% and 65%, 53%, and 43%, respectively (P=0.011). Independent risk factors at diagnosis for lower transplant-free survival were heart failure (hazard ratio 2.20, P=0.005), lower fractional shortening z score (hazard ratio 1.12 per 1 SD decrease in z score, P=0.014), and higher posterior wall thickness in the RCM/HCM group only (hazard ratio 1.32, P<0.001). Overall, outcomes were worse than for all other forms of cardiomyopathy.Transplant-free survival is poor for RCM in childhood. Survival is independent of phenotype; however, the RCM/HCM phenotype has significantly better transplant-free survival.URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT00005391.
Acute pigmentation due to minocycline therapy in atopic dermatitis
Authors: S. Nakamura, H. Yokozeki, K. Nishioka
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Sir, Minocycline is widely prescribed to treat acne vulgaris, rosacea and superficial cutaneous infections. However, long‐term use of minocycline may result in cutaneous and dental pigmentation.1–4 The length of administration of minocycline before pigmentation developed ranged from 3 months to 5 years in these studies. We report nine patients with atopic dermatitis who developed diffuse cutaneous pigmentation after relatively short‐term minocycline therapy, 3–28 days. Their details are listed in Table 1. The patients comprised four men and five women, age range 19–37 years. All had had atopic dermatitis for at least 10 years (range 10–35). Their atopic dermatitis deteriorated after the age of 15 years and spread to their face, neck, trunk and extremities. They had exudative erythema on the face, pigmented erythematous scales on the neck, and exudative erythrodermic erythema on the trunk and extremities with lichenified lesions. These features are characteristic of the adult type of atopic dermatitis5 that has recently become common in Japan. Oral minocycline was prescribed in seven patients for superficial skin infections and in two patients for tonsillitis and fever of unknown origin, respectively. Pigmentation appeared after administration of oral minocycline for a mean ± SD duration of 12 ± 7 days (range 3–28). The mean ± SD total dose of minocycline given before onset of the abnormal pigmentation was 3·5 ± 4·0 g (range 0·9–14·0). None of the patients had hypertriglyceridaemia. An intense black pigmentation appeared on their faces (Fig. 1) and necks as well as their trunks and extremities. Dental pigmentation was not found in our patients.
Enhancement of comedogenic substances by ultraviolet radiation
Authors: OTTO H. MILLS, MICHAEL PORTE, ALBERT M. KLIGMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Ultraviolet radiation enhanced the capacity of human sebum, sulphur, cocoa butter, squalene, and coal tar to produce comedones in the external ear canals of rabbits. An enhancement of the comedogenicity of coal tar and squalene was similarly demonstrated in man. We conjecture that in occasional patients sunbathing may aggravate acne by augmenting the comedogenicity of sebum.
Indications of repair of radon-induced chromosome damage in human lymphocytes: an adaptive response induced by low doses of X-rays.
Authors: S Wolff, V Afzal, R F Jostes, J K Wiencke
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Naturally occurring radon is a relatively ubiquitous environmental carcinogen to which large numbers of people can be exposed over their lifetimes. The accumulation of radon in homes, therefore, has led to a large program to determine the effects of the densely ionizing alpha particles that are produced when radon decays. In human lymphocytes, low doses of X-rays can decrease the number of chromatid deletions induced by subsequent high doses of clastogens. This has been attributed to the induction of a repair mechanism by the low-dose exposures. Historically, chromosome aberrations induced by radon have been considered to be relatively irreparable. The present experiments, however, show that if human peripheral blood lymphocytes are irradiated with low doses of X-rays (2 cGy) at 48 hr of culture, before being exposed to radon at 72 hr of culture, the yield of chromatid deletions induced by radon is decreased by a factor of two. Furthermore, the numbers of aberrations per cell do not follow a Poisson distribution but are overdispersed, as might be expected because high-linear energy transfer (high LET) alpha particles have a high relative biological effectiveness compared to low-LET radiations such as X-rays or gamma rays. Pretreatment with a low dose of X-rays decreases the overdispersion and leads to a greater proportion of the cells having no aberrations, or lower numbers of aberrations, than is the case in cells exposed to radon alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Skp2 Deletion Unmasks a p27 Safeguard that Blocks Tumorigenesis in the Absence of pRb and p53 Tumor Suppressors
Authors: Hongling Zhao, Frederick Bauzon, Hao Fu, Zhonglei Lu, Jinhua Cui, Keiko Nakayama, Keiich I. Nakayama, Joseph Locker, Liang Zhu
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
Interferon release assay (IGRA) testing in mycobacterium tuberculosis screening prior to anti-tnf treatment: experience across 3 medical specialities
Authors: R. A. Foster, M. Shah, M. Hale, W. Grant, A. Abdulrehman, K. P. Kuet, A. Wright, K. Robinson, P. Mark, L. Butler, D. Gawkrodger, M. McAlindon, E. Ridgeway, R. Tattersall, A. Chapman, A. Lobo
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents are important treatments for a range of inflammatory conditions but are associated with a fivefold increase risk of tuberculosis (TB). Newer tests based on T cell interferon γ release (IGRA) may aid diagnosis of TB. <h3>Aim</h3> To assess the impact of IGRA testing on TB screening in patients awaiting anti-TNF therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> ‘Quantiferon’ (Celestis) IGRA blood testing was performed as part of TB screening prior to anti-TNF therapy. Results were reported as positive, indeterminate (and therefore repeated) and negative. Infectious Disease assessment was recommended for positive or 2 indeterminate Quantiferon results, CXR changes or other protocol-identified TB risk. <h3>Results</h3> 134 patients were screened (median age 47). Diagnoses: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases disease 51, Inflammatory arthropathy 63, Psoriasis 16, other 3. 91 were on immunomodulators (IM). 116 patients received anti-TNF agents. 124/134 had a Quantiferon test. 108 were negative; 8 were indeterminate (negative on repeat), of whom 7 were on IMs. 5 had 2 indeterminate results (4 on IMs). 3 had a positive test, 2 an abnormal CXR and 1 had no identified TB risk factors. Antituberculous therapy (anti-TBRx) was given to 6 patients prior to anti-TNF treatment: 3 with positive Quantiferon results, 2 negative (strong family history), 1 no test (abnormal CXR). 5 patients had CXR findings (Quantiferon negative 2; indeterminate followed by a negative 1; positive 1; not done 1). The latter 2 received anti TBRx. The screening proforma led to anti TBRx in 6 patients prior to anti-TNF therapy. In 1, the Quantiferon test was the only indicator of TB risk. After a median follow-up of 28 weeks, no patients had developed TB. <h3>Conclusion</h3> IGRA testing aids decision making in patients awaiting anti-TNF therapy as part of a screening protocol. 1 patient of 134, not identified by other screening methods, who required prior anti TBRx, was identified in this way. Clinical risk assessment is an independent reason for anti TBRx. Longer follow-up and costing of alternatives is needed to establish the validity of this strategy.
Karzinose der Bronchialschleimhaut
Authors: A. Huzly
Journal: Endoscopy (1969)

The spreading of tumor tissue in the bronchial mucosa is described. In the various endoscopic views a fine rasp-like roughness as well as yellow coarse sand-shaped tubercles are most characteristic in a soft mucosa with bleeding tendency. The endoscopic similarity with analogous lesions is very often identified by the rich cytological findings of tumor cells. In 2000 primary bronchial carcinomas there were 142 cases of carcinosis of the bronchial mucosa.
Abstract 4608: RRBP1 overexpression is frequently found In lung cancer patients and alleviates intracellular stress induced apoptosis through positive regulation of GRP78 in lung cancer
Authors: Hong-Yuan Tsai, Michael Hsiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract How tumors evade apoptotic signals and survive during cancer progression has not yet been resolved. To unravel the molecular mechanisms involved in lung carcinogenesis will greatly improve therapy. Endoplasmic reticulum is a cellular organelle in which secretory and proteins are synthesized and modified. These processes are always enhanced in cancer cells. Ribosome binding protein1(RRBP1) was originally reported as a ribosome-binding protein on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In this report, we showed that RRBP1 was highly expressed in the early stage of lung cancer compared to their adjunct normal tissue samples by utilizing lung cancer tissue array(n=87). Depletion of RRBP1 by short-hairpin RNAs significantly reduced cell growth and induced apoptosis in A549 and CL1-5 cells, but not in normal lung cells(BEAS2B). Furthermore, RRBP1-depleted NSCLC cells could activate CD95/caspase signaling pathways. Treatment with caspase8 inhibitor (ZVAD-FMK) or with shRNA against caspase8 was sufficient to suppress apoptosis in RRBP1-depleted cells. This effect is associated with significantly reduction in the expression of GRP78. GRP78, an antiapoptotic protein widely upregulated in cancer, plays a critical role in chemotherapy resistance in some cancers. According to our data, ectopic expression of RRBP1 alleviated tunicamycin induced apoptosis by upregulation GRP78 protein level in lung cancer cells. A strong correlation was observed between the expression of RRBP1 and GRP78 in tumor biopsies from NSCLC patients, supporting the concept that GRP78 expression levels are controlled by RRBP1. Taken together, this study not only showed that GRP78 is regulated by RRBP1 but also report that RRBP1 and GRP78 expression is involved in NSCLC growth and progression. suggest that RRBP1 is required for lung cancer growth and development, which may be a useful target in lung cancer treatment and expected to provide the basis for a rational approach for the development of new molecular targeted therapies Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4608. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4608
Mortality and Length of Stay in Teaching vs Nonteaching Hospitals-Reply
Authors: Gary E. Rosenthal, Gregory S. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In Reply  —Our study found that severity-adjusted odds of death was 19% lower in major teaching hospitals than in nonteaching hospitals. As noted by Dr Blumberg, patients in major teaching hospitals were less likely to be admitted from a SNF. This factor was included as a variable in our severityadjustment models and may have contributed to the higher predicted probability of death in minor teaching and nonteaching hospitals. However, our primary analyses did not exclude patients discharged to SNFs and were, in fact, based on the entire sample of 89 851 patients. Moreover, in analyses limited to patients admitted from home, the adjusted odds of death was 21% lower (95% confidence interval, 2%-35%) in major teaching hospitals. We conducted several secondary analyses to further control for possible differences in discharge practices, such as including patient length of stay as a covariate, examining deaths that occurred 3, 5, 7, 10, or 14 days
Lymphocytosis, Azurophilic Granulation, and Polyarthritis
Authors: M. L. PEDRO-BOTET
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1987Lymphocytosis, Azurophilic Granulation, and PolyarthritisM. L. PEDRO-BOTET, M.D., M. SABRIÀ-LEAL, M.D., Ph.D., J. JUNCÀ-PIERA, M.D., Ph.D., F. MILLÁ-SANTOS, M.D.M. L. PEDRO-BOTET, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. SABRIÀ-LEAL, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. JUNCÀ-PIERA, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, F. MILLÁ-SANTOS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-330 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Recently, Barton and coworkers (1) described two cases of atypical lymphocytosis associated with serologically proven rheumatoid arthritis. Previously, Wallis and colleagues (2) had described five similar cases. In most cases, the articular manifestations corresponded to classic rheumatoid arthritis, which normally precedes a diagnosis of lymphocytosis by several years. We present the case of a patient with chronic T-cell lymphocytosis.A 53-year-old woman had had a splenectomy for unknown reasons at age 19. At age 49, esophageal varices were diagnosed and an hepatic biopsy was done that yielded normal findings. At that time she had atypical absolute lymphocytosis....References1. BARTONPRASTHOFEREGANHECKKOOPMANGROSSI JEMLWC. Rheumatoid arthritis associated with expanded populations of granular lymphocytes. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:314-23. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WALLISLOUGHRANKADINCLARKSTARKEBAUM WTMEG. Polyarthritis and neutropenia associated with circulating large granular lymphocytes. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:357-62. LinkGoogle Scholar3. LYNCHNEWLANDTURNBULLKNOTTMACWHANNELBEVERLEY DAALAP. Unusual T cell proliferations and neutropenia in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with classical Felty's syndrome. Scand J Haematol. 1984;33:342-50. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital "Germans Trias i Pujol" Badalona, Barcelona 08036 Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1987Volume 106, Issue 2Page: 330-330KeywordsArthritisBiopsyRheumatoid arthritisSplenectomy Issue Published: 1 February 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Long-Term Effects on Hypothalamic Neuropeptides after Developmental Exposure to Chlorpyrifos in Mice
Authors: Sabrina Tait, Laura Ricceri, Aldina Venerosi, Francesca Maranghi, Alberto Mantovani, Gemma Calamandrei
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Increasing evidence from animal and human studies indicates that chlorpyrifos (CPF), similar to other organophosphorus insecticides still widely used, is a developmental neurotoxicant. Developmental exposure to CPF in rodents induces sex-dimorphic behavioral changes at adulthood, including social and agonistic responses, which suggests that CPF may interfere with maturation of neuroendocrine mechanisms.We assessed the hypothesis that CPF affects the levels of neurohypophyseal hormones acting as modulators of social behavior in mammals, such as oxytocin (OT), arginine vasopressin (AVP), and prolactin (PRL).Pregnant female mice were orally administered with either vehicle (peanut oil) or 3 or 6 mg/kg CPF on gestational day (GD) 15 to GD18, and offspring were treated subcutaneously with either vehicle or 1 or 3 mg/kg CPF on postnatal days (PNDs) 11 to PND14. Dose levels were chosen to avoid systemic toxicity and inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase. Offspring were sacrificed at 5 months of age, and expression of OT, AVP, and PRL was analyzed in the hypothalamus by Western blot or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis.Both male and female mice showed dose-related enhancement of OT expression, with males presenting the more intense effect. AVP expression was significantly reduced in male mice at the higher prenatal and postnatal dose. We observed no significant effect on PRL expression in either sex. Overall, outcomes were mainly attributable to fetal exposure, whereas postnatal doses appeared to potentiate the prenatal effects.Our data indicate that developmental exposure to CPF may permanently interfere with specific key signaling proteins of the hypothalamic peptidergic system, with time-, dose-, and sex-related effects still evident at adulthood.
Early Intertwin Differences in Myocardial Performance During the Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Authors: M.J. Raboisson, J.C. Fouron, J. Lamoureux, L. Leduc, A. Grignon, F. Proulx, S. Gamache
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— In the twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), pressure rather than volume overload is increasingly considered as a key factor in the pathogenesis of the cardiomyopathy of the recipient twin. If this is the case, cardiac dysfunction should be among the first signs observed with TTTS. The objective of this study was to determine whether intertwin differences in myocardial function are modified early in the course of TTTS and whether they can help to differentiate this condition from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Methods and Results— Eight variables were analyzed on the first fetal echocardiography on 21 pairs of twins with TTTS and 11 with IUGR. No difference was found between the 2 groups for the cardiothoracic ratio, pulsatility indices in the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries, and peak velocity of the middle cerebral artery. Significant difference was found for ventricular septal thickness, but with no association with the conditions under study. With TTTS, left ventricular shortening fraction was consistently greater in the donor twins, and myocardial performance indices (MPIs) were elevated in the recipient twins. This increase in MPI was caused by a lengthening of the isovolumic periods compared with those of the donor twin: left ventricular and right ventricular isovolumic periods 0.105±0.047 and 0.097±0.026 seconds, respectively, for the recipient twins versus 0.0561±0.46 and 0.065±0.03 seconds, respectively, for the donor twins ( P &lt;0.001). These changes in the isovolumic periods were mainly due to significant prolongation of isovolumic relaxation times. A change in left ventricular MPI ≥0.09 combined with a change in right ventricular MPI ≥0.05 would identify a TTTS with a sensitivity of 75% and a false-positive rate of 9%. Conclusions— The observed diastolic function impairment goes along with the pressure-overload pathogenic concept proposed in TTTS. Assessment of intertwin difference in MPI is a valuable tool for early differential diagnosis between TTTS and isolated IUGR.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ACUTE PHASE RESPONSE AND ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN THE RABBIT
Authors: Harrison F. Wood
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1953)

The ability of an adjuvant and its individual constituents to induce the production of Cx-reactive protein in rabbits has been studied. It was found that the adjuvant stimulated rabbits to produce large amounts of the acute phase protein for 3 to 6 days. Melted aquaphor blended with saline stimulated the production of Cx-reactive protein for 3 or 4 days. Mineral oil was less effective in stimulating the production of the protein than either adjuvant or aquaphor. Heat-killed Jamaica strain tubercle bacilli suspended in mineral oil did not induce the Cx-protein response. The ability of subcutaneously administered adjuvant without antigen incorporated in the saline phase to potentiate the antibody response of rabbits to the intravenously administered antigens, C-reactive protein and human gamma globulin, was investigated. It was found that the adjuvant-treated animals produced more precipitating antibody to the two intravenously administered antigens than did the control animals given intravenous antigen alone.
RESUSCITATION OF THE ASPHYXIATED NEWBORN INFANT
Authors: John L. Beattie
Journal: JAMA (1953)

It is generally agreed that responsibility for resuscitation of the newborn infant belongs to the anesthesiologist. Under ideal circumstances, an anesthesiologist is present in the delivery room to assume responsibility for resuscitation. Unfortunately, however, most hospitals cannot employ full-time board-qualified anesthetists on the obstetric service. Therefore, resuscitation of the newborn becomes a problem for the obstetrician, pediatrician, and otolaryngologist. The following review and suggested regimen of treatment are recommended as an outline for the attending physician to follow in the absence of a board-qualified anesthesiologist. <h3>ETIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, AND CLASSIFICATION OF ASPHYXIA</h3> Little and Tovell's<sup>1</sup>excellent review of asphyxia of the newborn divides the etiological factors into three categories: factors associated with the mother, those with the products of conception, and those with the labor and delivery. First, the production of asphyxia neonatorum may be influenced by the mother by such unyielding factors as her age, her parity, and her