tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STUDIES IN THE BLOOD CYTOLOGY OF THE RABBIT
Authors: Louise Pearce, Albert E. Casey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

Consecutive weekly observations on the lymphocyte and monocyte counts of the peripheral blood were made on 5 groups of normal rabbits, a total of 45 animals, during a period of 20 months from October, 1927 to July, 1929. Individual groups were examined 8 to 35 weeks. The results are analyzed on the basis of the mean group values of each week. In the case of the 4 groups followed 13 to 35 weeks, there was a general tendency for the lymphocyte mean values to become increased; with the group observed 8 weeks, the level of mean values showed little change. The general trend of the monocyte mean values was also in the direction of higher levels but it was less pronounced than that of the lymphocytes. The period of greatest irregularity in the mean values of the lymphocytes was in the late winter and spring months of both years. With the monocytes, periods of fluctuating values occurred in the fall of 1927, the spring and early summer of 1928, and in the late winter, spring, and early summer of 1929. There was a certain degree of parallelism in the case of two groups examined during the same months with respect to the direction and time of occurrence of a change in the level of lymphocyte and monocyte mean values. The general levels of lymphocyte and monocyte mean values in the groups examined during 1927-28 were higher than in the groups of 1928-29. The results based upon the trends of mean group values obtained from consecutive weekly observations showed no evidence of a consistent numerical relationship between lymphocytes and monocytes.
Fluorescence‐Tagged Gold Nanoparticles for Rapidly Characterizing the Size‐Dependent Biodistribution in Tumor Models
Authors: Leo Y. T. Chou, Warren C. W. Chan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Abstract Nanoparticle vehicles may improve the delivery of contrast agents and therapeutics to diseased tissues, but their rational design is currently impeded by a lack of robust technologies to characterize their in vivo behavior in real‐time. This study demonstrates that fluorescent‐labeled gold nanoparticles can be optimized for in vivo detection, perform pharmacokinetic analysis of nanoparticle designs, analyze tumor extravasation, and clearance kinetics in tumor‐bearing animals. This optical imaging approach is non‐invasive and high‐throughput. Interestingly, these fluorescent gold nanoparticles can be used for multispectral imaging to compare several nanoparticle designs simultaneously within the same animal and eliminates the host‐dependent variabilities across measured data. Together these results describe a novel platform for evaluating the performance of tumor‐targeting nanoparticles, and provide new insights for the design of future nanotherapeutics.
Postcards from the EDge project: randomised controlled trial of an intervention using postcards to reduce repetition of hospital treated deliberate self poisoning
Authors: Gregory L Carter, Kerrie Clover, Ian M Whyte, Andrew H Dawson, Catherine D Este
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To determine whether an intervention using postcards (postcards from the EDge project) reduces repetitions of hospital treated deliberate self poisoning. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Regional referral service for general hospital treated deliberate self poisoning in Newcastle, Australia. <b>Participants</b> 772 patients aged over 16 years with deliberate self poisoning. <b>Intervention</b> Non-obligatory intervention using eight postcards over 12 months along with standard treatment compared with standard treatment alone. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Proportion of patients with one or more repeat episodes of deliberate self poisoning and the number of repeat episodes for deliberate self poisoning per person in 12 months. <b>Results</b> The proportion of repeaters with deliberate self poisoning in the intervention group did not differ significantly from that in the control group (57/378, 15.1%, 95% confidence interval 11.5% to 18.7% <i>v</i> 68/394, 17.3%, 13.5% to 21.0%: difference between groups -2%, -7% to 3%). In unadjusted analysis the number of repetitions were significantly reduced (incidence risk ratio 0.55, 0.35 to 0.87). <b>Conclusion</b> A postcard intervention reduced repetitions of deliberate self poisoning, although it did not significantly reduce the proportion of individual repeaters.
THE RELATIVE REACTION WITHIN LIVING MAMMALIAN TISSUES
Authors: Philip D. McMaster, Robert Elman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

The tubules of the mammalian kidney, vitally stained with erythrolitmin, show a significant color pattern, the cells of certain regions appearing bright blue and others brilliant red. The dye is segregated within the cytoplasm, staining fine granules diffusely. Under normal circumstances of renal function erythrolitmin is stored in the lining cells of the glomerulus and the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules in the blue, alkaline form. In the cells of the final portion of the distal convoluted tubules the dye is red. Between these regions a narrow transitional zone can be found, at times above, at times below the loop of Henle, in which the erythrolitmin-stained granules in the tubule cells are violet, or red and blue within the same cell. Alterations in the relative reaction of certain regions of the tubules, as disclosed by the color of the dye within the cells, can be induced by means that alter the reaction of the urine. When acid urine is being secreted there is a change from relative alkalinity to acidity high up in the tubular canal, in the proximal convoluted tubules. During the secretion of markedly alkaline urine the intracellular granules appear blue most of the way down the tubular canal, even to the first portion of the distal convoluted tubules. When the urine is neutral the cells above the descending limb of the loop of Henle are alkaline to erythrolitmin, and those below this point appear acid. The granules within the endothelial cells of the glomerulus and the epithelial cells of the first portion of the proximal convoluted tubules are always alkaline to erythrolitmin; while those within the cells of the final portion of the distal convoluted tubules are always acid regardless of the reaction of the urine. Only after complete suppression of urine as result of massive doses of acid do granules of the sort first mentioned manifest the color indicative of acidity. The interpretation of the findings waits upon further work.
Synthesis of a novel structural triblock copolymer of poly(γ -benzyl-l-glutamic acid)-b-poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone)
Authors: Mingxiao Deng, Rong Wang, Guangzhuo Rong, Jingru Sun, Xuefei Zhang, Xuesi Chen, Xiabin Jing
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
Common Genetic Variants Associated with Breast Cancer and Mammographic Density Measures That Predict Disease
Authors: Fabrice Odefrey, Jennifer Stone, Lyle C. Gurrin, Graham B. Byrnes, Carmel Apicella, Gillian S. Dite, Jennifer N. Cawson, Graham G. Giles, Susan A. Treloar, Dallas R. English, John L. Hopper, Melissa C. Southey
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Mammographic density for age and body mass index (BMI) is a heritable risk factor for breast cancer. We aimed to determine if recently identified common variants associated with small gradients in breast cancer risk are associated with mammographic density. We genotyped 497 monozygotic and 330 dizygotic twin pairs and 634 of their sisters from 903 families for 12 independent variants. Mammographic dense area, percent dense area, and nondense area were measured by three observers using a computer-thresholding technique. Associations with mammographic density measures adjusted for age, BMI, and other determinants were estimated (a) cross-sectionally using a multivariate normal model for pedigree analysis (P(x)), (b) between sibships, and (c) within sibships using orthogonal transformations of outcomes and exposures. A combined test of association (P(c)) was derived using the independent estimates from b and c. We tested if the distributions of P values across variants differed from the uniform distribution (P(u)). For dense area and percent dense area, the distributions of P(c) values were not uniform (both P(u) <0.007). Consistent with their breast cancer associations, rs3817198 (LSP1) and rs13281615 (8q) were associated with dense area and percent dense area (all P(x) and P(c) <0.05), and rs889312 (MAP3K1), rs2107425 (H19), and rs17468277 (CASP8) were marginally associated with dense area (some P(x) or P(c) <0.05). All associations were independent of menopausal status. At least two common breast cancer susceptibility variants are associated with mammographic density measures that predict breast cancer. These findings could help elucidate how those variants and mammographic density measures are associated with breast cancer susceptibility.
A 10-year exercise program improved oxygen consumption and quality of life in stable chronic heart failure
Authors: Prateeti Khazanie, Christopher B. Granger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Therapeutics19 February 2013A 10-year exercise program improved oxygen consumption and quality of life in stable chronic heart failurePrateeti Khazanie, MD, MPH, Christopher B. Granger, MDPrateeti Khazanie, MD, MPHDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (P.K., C.B.G.)Search for more papers by this author, Christopher B. Granger, MDDuke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (P.K., C.B.G.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-4-201302190-02006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationBelardinelli R, Georgiou D, Cianci G, Purcaro A. 10-year exercise training in chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:1521-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22999730Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: Phys Med & Rehab: References1 O’Connor CM, Whellan DJ, Lee KL, et al; HF-ACTION Investigators. Efficacy and safety of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure: HF-ACTION randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301:1439-50. [PMID: 19351941] Google Scholar2 Davies EJ, Moxham T, Rees K, et al. Exercise training for systolic heart failure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12:706-15. [PMID: 20494922] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA (P.K., C.B.G.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 February 2013. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 February 2013Volume 158, Issue 4Page: JC2-6KeywordsCoronary heart diseaseExerciseHeart failureLongitudinal studiesOxygen consumptionQuality of lifeStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 19 February 2013 Issue Published: 19 February 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Scalloped Pupils in Familial Amyloidosis
Authors: Simmons Lessell, Philip A. Wolf, Merrill D. Benson, Allan S. Cohen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

THE purpose of this report is to call attention to a pupillary sign of dominantly inherited amyloidosis. We encountered the sign, reported in 1952 by Andrade,1 in one of two brothers who were already known to have amyloidosis. Its presence in a woman with peripheral neuropathy correctly led us to the diagnosis of amyloidosis.Case ReportsCase 1. A 44-year-old man from a large kinship with a dominantly inherited disorder characterized by peripheral neuropathy and nephropathy had a progressive peripheral polyneuropathy. Amyloid was found on sural-nerve and kidney biopsies. He had opacities of the vitreous of both eyes. The right . . .
The Disappearance of Dr. Parkman
Authors: Orville T. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In 1849, Dr. George Parkman, a benefactor of Harvard Medical School, disappeared and one of its professors, Dr. John Webster, was hanged for his murder. This case has been called "America's classic murder," in part because of the eminent people involved and the uncertainty about the conduct of the trial but more significantly because of its sequels. It set the precedent for dental evidence as proof of the identity of a body. The elaborate anatomic studies influenced the establishment of a medical examiner system in Massachusetts. For more than 100 years courts have cited the charge to the jury in such matters as the definition of circumstantial evidence and alibi. The adverse effect of publicity on this trial was used in the proceedings to close the inquest on Senator Kennedy's accident at Chappaquiddick. The latest additions to the voluminous literature on the case are two contrasting books. Judge Sullivan has
On Peritoneal Adhesions of the Gravid Uterus as a Cause of Post Partum Haemorrhage
Authors: G. De Gorrequer Griffith
Journal: BMJ (1878)

0;~2R, xRv&I I-. ~*krrZ%'r -ADICAL -sorAfA -465 slit,.through the vulva., and turned, when the stem is within the os uteri and the Hodge portion within the vagina.In the second and third varieties, the stem is first passed with an ordinary sound within the uterus, and then the Hodge and shorter piece introduced.The shorter piece passes readily within the hollowed stem.In cases where the uterine canal is small, it is best to premise operations by a sea-tangle or sponge-tent.It is remarkable what comfort these instruments give, when once applied.They have the disadvantage sometimes of provoking a tem- porary menorrhagia, as all intra-uterine pessaties do; but this can be readily arrested by the proper remedial means.But one effect that I have noticed is the large size to which, after their employment, the external os attains.The end of the index finger may be inserted.The advan- tage, in cases of sterility, of such a dilatation is at once obvious, for this dilatation becomes to a certain degree permanent.The same result renders the employment of these instruments in cases of dys- menorrhoea equally obvious.Certain it is the dilatation effected by stems without a support, however large, is much less considerable than that which these kind of instruments induce; and the reason is easily understood.In whatever direction the tendency to flexion may be, in exactly the opposite direction has the lower part of the stem a tendency to dilate the os, because this last point is fixed.It will also be seen how, with the third variety of instruments I now show you, a version may be gradually rectified, and therefore more permanently, the tissues conforming thereto by the gradual movement of the auto- matic screw.
"You can't have swine flu"
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

“Never assume” is a good maxim for life in general, but it seems particularly apt as we try to get to grips with the first major new disease to hit us for some time.

I immediately dismissed the possibility that I may have had swine flu when I suddenly developed a high temperature, headache, sore throat, and cough on the last day of attending a major oncology congress in Orlando, Florida.

At the time (the end of May) only a small number of British people had developed the infection after holidaying in Mexico. I hadn’t been to Mexico, so I couldn’t have it. And as a freelance medical journalist and editor I can’t be ill—otherwise news stories don’t meet their deadlines, pages go empty, and I don’t get paid.

After downing a couple of ibuprofen pills I wrapped up some reports, finished my packing, and made my way to the airport. I coughed throughout the flight back to the United Kingdom but put that down to the plane’s air conditioning. My overwhelming need to lie down when I got home and my very sore eyes I put down to jet lag. The need to stay in bed for the next couple of days I attributed to a virus I had picked up at the congress.

Having promised to act as news editor on the …
Alveolar fluid clearance in the resected human lung.
Authors: T Sakuma, G Okaniwa, T Nakada, T Nishimura, S Fujimura, M A Matthay
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Although the mechanisms responsible for alveolar liquid clearance have been studied in several species, there has not been any information regarding the effect of ion transport agonists or antagonists on alveolar liquid clearance in the human lung. Therefore, we studied alveolar liquid clearance in the recently resected human lung from patients who underwent surgery for lung cancer. A test solution of 40 ml of isosmolar albumin solution was instilled into one segment of a resected lobe within 10 min of resection. Because protein leaves the air spaces very slowly, the concentration of alveolar protein over 4 h was used to quantify alveolar liquid clearance. Basal alveolar liquid clearance was 12 +/- 2% over 4 h. Amiloride (10(-5) M), an inhibitor of apical Na+ uptake, and ouabain (10(-3) M), an inhibitor of Na,K-ATPase activity, reduced alveolar liquid clearance by 40 and 49%, respectively (p < 0.005). Terbutaline (10(-3) or 10(-4) M) doubled alveolar liquid clearance to 28 +/- 9% over 4 h (p < 0.05). Propranolol (10(-4) M) and amiloride (10(-5) M) inhibited the terbutaline-induced increase in alveolar liquid clearance. In conclusion, (1) alveolar liquid clearance in the human lung can be markedly reduced by inhibition of apical sodium channel uptake or Na,K-ATPase activity, and (2) beta-adrenergic stimulation markedly increases the rate of alveolar liquid clearance in the resected human lung without pulmonary perfusion.
MHC haplotype-dependent regulation of MOG-induced EAE in rats.
Authors: R Weissert, E Wallström, M K Storch, A Stefferl, J Lorentzen, H Lassmann, C Linington, T Olsson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced in the rat by active immunization with myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG) is mediated by synergy between MOG-specific T cells and demyelinating MOG-specific antibody responses. The resulting disease is chronic and displays demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) pathology that closely resembles multiple sclerosis. We analyzed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype influences on this disease. The MHC haplotype does not exert an all-or-none effect on disease susceptibility. Rather, it determines the degree of disease susceptibility, recruitment of MOG-specific immunocompetent cells, clinical course, and CNS pathology in a hierarchical and allele-specific manner. Major haplotype-specific effects on MOG-EAE map to the MHC class II gene region, but this effect is modified by other MHC genes. In addition, non-MHC genes directly influence both disease and T cell functions, such as the secretion of IFN-gamma. Thus, in MOG-EAE, allelic MHC class II effects are graded, strongly modified by other MHC genes, and overcome by effects of non-MHC genes and environment.
"Left Heart" Radiopotassium Dilution Curves in Patients with Rheumatic Mitral Valvular Disease
Authors: HADLEY L. CONN, DONALD F. HEIMAN, WILLIAM S. BLAKEMORE, PETER T. KUO, STEPHEN B. LANGFELD
Journal: Circulation (1957)

"Left heart" radiopotassium-dilution curves were carried out in 9 patients with rheumatic mitral valvular disease. From the curves, blood flow, circulation times, and "left heart" and aortic volumes were calculated. When this technic is used along with "left heart" pressure measurements, it appears to have a satisfactory reliability in demonstrating abnormalities of flow, volume, and mitral valve function. In theory, its proper application permits complete quantitation of these parameters.
Diagnosis and Management of Renal Disease and Hypertension
Authors: Steven J. Peitzman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

At one time, American physicians seeking a textbook of renal function and disease found only Homer W. Smith's 1951 magnum opus,<i>The Kidney: Structure and Function in Health and Disease</i>. Now practitioners and students must choose from an abundant array of nephrology texts, ranging from short, through substantial, to gargantuan. Entering this competition is a new offering that is attractive yet oddly difficult to categorize. Attractive features are its generally clear writing, use of illustrative case examples in many chapters (the cases are described but unfortunately not discussed in relation to the text), readable layout, and choice of typography. Although the text is multiauthored, the primary authors (also the editors) contributed several of the chapters and have maintained reasonable control. There is evident sensitivity to many of the recently "hot" topics in clinical nephrology, such as magnesium balance, drug-induced interstitial nephritis, and IgA nephropathy (although I did not find a
Should Psychiatrists Tell?
Authors: K. A. Graf
Journal: BMJ (1964)

when in fact most of these calls are quite genuine and are very frequently to see a feverish child who has become progressively more ill during the day, and about whom the parents are extremely worried.Under the present system of payment, of course, one resents these calls very much indeed.How differently would one feel about them if there were a special system of payment, over and above the present payment, and not deductible from the Pool, of one guinea for each new call made between the hours of 5 p.m. and 8 a.m.There must be very few doctors who do not have to do at least 500 such calls each year.Instead of grumbling about these extra calls after a hard day's work, one should ask why it is that we do not recognize these calls as inevitable, insist on being paid adequately for them, but not out of the Pool, and do them with a rather better grace than is per- haps possible at present.I think that one guinea would be a fair payment, and that it should certainly not be borne by the patient, but by the Health Service.I consider that the following would be a suitable form for claiming the fee of one guinea from the National Health Service:
Prescription for Patient-Centered Care and Cost Containment
Authors: Thomas Daschle, Pete Domenici, William Frist, Alice Rivlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Leaders of the Bipartisan Policy Center Health Care Cost Containment Initiative summarize their recommendations to improve quality, reduce waste, and control cost. They envision health care that is “value-driven and coordinated . . . , rather than volume-driven and fragmented.”
Frequent CBL mutations associated with 11q acquired uniparental disomy in myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Francis H. Grand, Claire E. Hidalgo-Curtis, Thomas Ernst, Katerina Zoi, Christine Zoi, Carolann McGuire, Sebastian Kreil, Amy Jones, Joannah Score, Georgia Metzgeroth, David Oscier, Andrew Hall, Christian Brandts, Hubert Serve, Andreas Reiter, Andrew J. Chase, Nicholas C. P. Cross
Journal: Blood (2009)
FGF-2 expands murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells via proliferation of stromal cells, c-Kit activation, and CXCL12 down-regulation
Authors: Tomer Itkin, Aya Ludin, Ben Gradus, Shiri Gur-Cohen, Alexander Kalinkovich, Amir Schajnovitz, Yossi Ovadya, Orit Kollet, Jonathan Canaani, Elias Shezen, Douglas J. Coffin, Grigori N. Enikolopov, Thorsten Berg, Wanda Piacibello, Eran Hornstein, Tsvee Lapidot
Journal: Blood (2012)
Coronary Vascular Dysfunction and Prognosis in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Venkatesh L. Murthy, Masanao Naya, Courtney R. Foster, Jon Hainer, Mariya Gaber, Sharmila Dorbala, David M. Charytan, Ron Blankstein, Marcelo F. Di Carli
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)