tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Liver-specific loss of glucose-regulated protein 78 perturbs the unfolded protein response and exacerbates a spectrum of liver diseases in mice
Authors: Cheng Ji, Neil Kaplowitz, Mo Yin Lau, Eddy Kao, Lydia M. Petrovic, Amy S. Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)/binding immunoglobulin protein is a master regulator of ER homeostasis and stress responses, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. By applying the locus of X-over P1–cyclization recombination strategy, we generated mice with liver-specific GRP78 loss. Our studies using this novel mouse model revealed that liver GRP78 was required for neonatal survival, and a loss of GRP78 in the adult liver greater than 50% caused an ER stress response and dilation of the ER compartment, which was accompanied by the onset of apoptosis. This suggested the critical involvement of GRP78 in maintaining hepatocyte ER homeostasis and viability. Furthermore, these mice exhibited elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase and fat accumulation in the liver, and they were sensitized to a variety of acute and chronic hepatic disorders by alcohol, a high-fat diet, drugs, and toxins. These disorders were alleviated by the simultaneous administration of the molecular chaperone 4-phenylbutyrate. A microarray analysis and a two-dimensional protein profile revealed major perturbations of unfolded protein response targets, common enzymes/factors in lipogenesis, and new factors possibly contributing to liver steatosis or fibrosis under ER stress (e.g., major urinary proteins in the liver, fatty acid binding proteins, adipose differentiation-related protein, cysteine-rich with epidermal growth factor–like domains 2, nuclear protein 1, and growth differentiation factor 15). Conclusion: Our findings underscore the importance of GRP78 in managing the physiological client protein load and suppressing apoptosis in hepatocytes, and they support the pathological role of ER stress in the evolution of fatty liver disease under adverse conditions (i.e., drugs, diet, toxins, and alcohol). (HEPATOLOGY 2011;)
Effect of cyclosporin A treatment on the production of antibody in insulin-dependent (type I) diabetic patients.
Authors: C Boitard, G Feutren, L Castano, M Debray-Sachs, R Assan, J Hors, J F Bach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibody production was studies over a 12-mo period in 82 recently diagnosed diabetics randomly receiving either cyclosporin or placebo. Cyclosporin had only minimal effects on the production of anti-islet cell antibodies whether directed to islet cytoplasmic (immunofluorescence) or membrane (cytotoxicity assay) antigens even in patients undergoing remission. These data suggest that these antibodies do not play a major role in the pathogenesis of the disease particularly since their (irregular) presence is not predictive of the clinical response to cyclosporin. Conversely, cyclosporin completely suppressed the synthesis of antibodies elicited by exogenous insulin irrespective of the insulin doses received, and decreased the autoantibody production against thyroid antigens, indicating that cyclosporin has variable effects on antibody production against various antigens.
P165 Survival of Patients with Lung Cancer Diagnosed at a Teaching Hospital in London, UK Between 2000 and 2010
Authors: KEN Clark, D Rao, SS Birring, R Lal, S Desai, S Pomplun, J Kelly, I Atuchar, RD Barker
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Significant resources have been applied to improving outcomes for patients with lung cancer. Here we analyse trends in survival for patients diagnosed at our institution between 2000 and 2011. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients with suspected intra-thoracic malignancy were discussed at a weekly multi-disciplinary meeting and logged in a bespoke database. Relevant diagnostic and staging parameters were recorded. Data items were defined according to the specifications of the Lucada dataset. Patients were grouped into sequential 2 year epochs according to the date they were first seen. Analysis was restricted to the major cell types; squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, small cell and probable lung cancer unknown histology, first seen between January 1st 2000 and January 1st 2010. Survival time was censored on the 1st September 2011. Univariate analyses with survival as the dependent variable included age group, sex, histological cell type, stage, performance status and epoch used the Kaplan-Meier technique. Multivariate analyses used Cox’s proportional hazards model. <h3>Results</h3> 1105 patients met the entry criteria and vital status was firmly ascertained for 1099 (99.5%). The median age was 71 years (range 32 – 96). 698 63.5% were men. Median survival increased from 195 (95% CI 148,242) days to 231 days (95% CI 151,311) p&lt;0.001. In the 2000–1 cohort it took 412 days for 75% of the patients to die, in 2009–10 it took 839 days. In univariate analyses there were significant differences in survival in relation to all the variables. Patients with adenocarcinoma lived longer than other cell types. In multivariate analyses age group, epoch, stage and performance status but not histology and gender remained independent predictors of survival. Histology was confounded by epoch. <h3>Discussion</h3> These data suggest that survival for patients with lung cancer has improved over the last few years. Patients with adenocarcinoma live longer than patients with other cell types. Elsewhere we have shown that the proportion of patients with adenocarcinoma has increased in our cohort with time. Taken together these data suggest that increased longevity of lung cancer patients may be in part due to a shift towards adenocarcinoma cell type but also another factor that has occurred more recently.
Postoperative Massive Liver Necrosis
Authors: Bernard M. Babior, Charles S. Davidson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

MASSIVE liver necrosis is a rare entity, having an autopsy incidence of 0.15 per cent.1 It has been attributed to such conditions as viral hepatitis,2 drug hepatitis,1 carbon tetrachloride and chloroform poisoning3 and shock3 , 4 or associated administration of pressors.5 Interest in this disease has been rekindled by the recent spate of reports relating massive liver necrosis to halothane anesthesia.6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 These reports have led to a comprehensive investigation, the National Halothane Study, which is currently being carried out under the auspices of the National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council to establish whether halothane is a cause of massive liver necrosis or . . .
C/EBPβ regulates transcription factors critical for proliferation and survival of multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Rekha Pal, Martin Janz, Deborah L. Galson, Margarete Gries, Shirong Li, Korinna Jöhrens, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Bernd Dörken, Markus Y. Mapara, Lisa Borghesi, Lela Kardava, G. David Roodman, Christine Milcarek, Suzanne Lentzsch
Journal: Blood (2009)
Routine Cancer Screening in Older Adults May Offer Few Benefits
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P211 Domiciliary care of patients with primary and secondary pneumothoraces: Our experience in Ayrshire, patient satisfaction and health economic analysis
Authors: A Guhan, S Learmonth, O Moseley, D Sword, F Kelly
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Domiciliary care (DC) of Spontaneous Pneumothoraces (SP) with an ambulatory Heimlich Valve (HV) attached to the Intercostal Chest Drain (ICD) has potential for care-closer-to-home, avoiding hospitalisation and saving healthcare resources. Wider acceptance of this practice requires demonstration of tangible benefits in terms of patient safety, patient satisfaction and cost savings. <h3>Method</h3> In the last year (since July 2012), we established a consultant-led DC service for SP at the University Hospital Ayr, Ayrshire. All primary (PSP) or secondary (SSP) SP admitted through The Emergency Department (ED) were assessed within 48 hours for potential DC with informed consent, based on presence of Persistent Air Leak and predetermined criteria ensuring patient safety (Table:1). All DC patients had 72 hourly consultant ward reviews (CWR) with chest Xray or sooner should patients identify HV non-movement with coughing. ICD was removed when SP resolved. SP patients on DC were readmitted if concerns were identified. Patient satisfaction was assessed formally (Table 6). <h3>Health economics: </h3> Costs were calculated from an NHS perspective by examining resource use associated with DC for SP. This figure was then compared against the potential cost-avoidance in terms of respiratory medicine bed days saved. Costs were taken from published ISD reference costs when available and local finance teams, staff costs include the full cost to the organisation including superannuation (13%) and national insurance contributions. <h3>Results</h3> 8(33.3%) of 24 SP were discharged from ED. 16(PSP : SPS = 7 : 9) were admitted; 10 (62.5%) accepted to have DC. Please see the results tabulated. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Carefully organised DC for SP is safe, cost effective and meets with high patient approval and satisfaction.
Stabilizing of plasmid DNA in vivo by PEG-modified cationic gold nanoparticles and the gene expression assisted with electrical pulses
Authors: Takahito Kawano, Masato Yamagata, Hironobu Takahashi, Yasuro Niidome, Sunao Yamada, Yoshiki Katayama, Takuro Niidome
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GLUTAMINE CARRIER IN SKELETAL MUSCLE HAVE IMPORTANT CONSEQUENCES FOR NITROGEN LOSS IN INJURY, INFECTION, AND CHRONIC DISEASE
Authors: M.J Rennie, P Babij, P.M Taylor, H.S Hundal, P Maclennan, P.W Watt, M.M Jepson, D.J Millward
Journal: The Lancet (1986)
Cardiotoxicity of the cancer therapeutic agent imatinib mesylate
Authors: Risto Kerkelä, Luanda Grazette, Rinat Yacobi, Cezar Iliescu, Richard Patten, Cara Beahm, Brian Walters, Sergei Shevtsov, Stéphanie Pesant, Fred J Clubb, Anthony Rosenzweig, Robert N Salomon, Richard A Van Etten, Joseph Alroy, Jean-Bernard Durand, Thomas Force
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Viral disaster movie
Authors: Sonia Shah
Journal: The Lancet (2011)

It's hard to imagine a more alluring lesson in basic epidemiology than the one the lovely actress Kate Winslet delivers in Steven Soderbergh's new disaster movie, Contagion. Playing an epidemic intelligence service officer for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Winslet marches to a blackboard and, chalk in hand, succinctly defines for her viewers the terms "fomite" and "basic reproductive ratio". Public health education has never had it so good.
Obstetric flying squad service-a defence.
Authors: D K James
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Eighty-one calls made by the obstetric flying squad in West Berkshire were assessed on the basis of a suggestion that patients would do as well, if not better, if they were brought straight to hospital by ambulance rather than await the arrival of the flying squad. Of the 81 calls, 36 were made to general-practitioner maternity units and 45 were made to patients9 homes. In both groups, the flying squad service was considered to be still of great value. Though slightly slower than an emergency ambulance call, it represents a much safer method of transporting an obstetric patient in an emergency.
Is combined oral and topical therapy better than oral therapy alone in patients with moderate to moderately severe acne vulgaris? A comparison of the efficacy and safety of lymecycline plus adapalene gel 0.1%, versus lymecycline plus gel vehicle
Authors: William J Cunliffe, Jean Meynadier, Mohsen Alirezai, Sheru A George, Ian Coutts, Diane I Roseeuw, Jean Pierre Hachem, Philippe Briantais, Farzaneh Sidou, Pascale Soto
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
Modernising Medical Careers: let's get it right second time around
Authors: J. Osborne
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Baroness Ilora Finlay's recent editorial (JRSM 2007;100: 160-161)1 provides an excellent account of the failings of the Medical Training Application Service (MTAS). However, she holds the belief that the review group will be able to patch up the mechanics of the process for the future. I humbly suggest that if we fail to insist that the review group re-examine the fundamental concepts underpinning Modernising Medical Careers itself, we will be letting down our junior colleagues for a second time.

Have we all acquiesced to a system that cedes control of medical education and training to the politicians via the Postgraduate Medical Education and Training Board (PMETB)? Does the profession really believe in shortened, dumbed down training? The creation of dead-end, fixed-term specialist training posts to replace the lost tribe of senior house officers? Medical unemployment both post-foundation and post-certificate of completed training level? The near impossibility of young doctors gaining valuable experience abroad? The decline of part-time training for medical mothers and the splitting up of medical partners unable to obtain posts in the same city?

Never before has such a radical change in training been foisted on a profession without the opportunity for proper debate.2 I would submit that this is our last opportunity as a profession to reform this poorly thought-out system. We must seize back control of our training from the politicians who have little interest in and indeed some antipathy to professionalism, and insist that a subsequent independent review reforms the concepts—not just the process—of Modernising Medical Careers.
Wnt therapy for bone loss: golden goose or Trojan horse?
Authors: Greg H. Enders
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

The Wnt pathway has been found to play a role in the development of many tissues and to spur growth and differentiation of adult osteoblasts, sparking interest in its potential clinical application for bone growth. However, when deregulated, this pathway can be oncogenic in some tissues. In this issue of the JCI, Kansara and colleagues reveal that Wnt inhibitory factor 1 is epigenetically silenced in human osteosarcomas and that its absence augments osteosarcoma formation in mice (see the related article beginning on page 837). These observations suggest the need for caution in stimulating the Wnt pathway for therapeutic bone growth.
Clinical Ethics: A Practical Approach to Ethical Decisions in Clinical Medicine
Authors: Eugene V. Boisaubin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

The last decade has witnessed the continued growth and evolution of medical ethics into a mainstream medical discipline, and paralleling this maturation is an increasing array of textbooks.<i>Clinical Ethics</i>, now in its third edition, has successfully spanned that decade to become one of the most popular, concise texts in the field. The well-known authors, an ethicist, clinician, and legal scholar, have considerable overlapping expertise, which, fortunately, results in a consistent literary style more typical of a single-authored work. The espoused purpose of the book is twofold: to serve as a reference work of reflective opinion about typical ethical problems that occur in medical practice and to develop a method for analyzing such problems as they occur. The structure of the text is unique with five main topics and chapters covering indications for medical intervention, preferences of patients, quality of life, contextual factors (such as social, economic, and legal issues),
Fibrinogen levels and their correlation with established risk factors in young men: an epidemiologic study in 1682 recruits
Authors: I. Skoumas, C. Pitsavos, A. Douloulas, V. Kouloulias, M. Toutouza, N. Giotsas, S. Vaina, J. Dermellis, C. Stetanadis, P. Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Human HTm4 is a hematopoietic cell cycle regulator
Authors: José L. Donato, Jon Ko, Jeffery L. Kutok, Tao Cheng, Taro Shirakawa, Xiao-Quan Mao, David Beach, David T. Scadden, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Chaker N. Adra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Proper control of cell cycle progression is critical for the constant self-renewal, differentiation, and homeostasis of the hematopoietic system. Cells of all types share the common cell cycle regulators. The different expression patterns of common regulators, in a broad sense, define cell-type or lineage specificity. However, there remains the possibility of hematopoietic cell cycle regulators tailored to the demands of the hematopoietic system. Here we describe a novel protein, HTm4, which serves as a hematopoietic cell cycle regulator. Our data indicate that HTm4 is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is tightly regulated during the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. It binds to cyclin-dependent kinase–associated (CDK-associated) phosphatase-CDK2 (KAP-CDK2) complexes, and the three proteins demonstrate similar patterns of cellular expression in human lymphoid tissues. HTm4 stimulates the phosphatase activity of KAP, and its C-terminal region is required for binding to KAP-CDK2 complexes and the modulation of KAP activity. Overexpression of HTm4 can cause cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Thus, HTm4 is a novel hematopoietic modulator for the G1-S cell cycle transition.
Man’s Tripartite Brain and Psychosomatic Medicine
Authors: W. Knopp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1970)

Graphically documented clinical observations and quantitative evaluations are reported of two longitudinal studies involving one case of Tourette's Disease and twenty-five acute schizophrenics treated by high potency neuroleptics. The findings indicate that symptoms expressing disfunction of the dopaminergic nigro-striatal system seem to be drug and dosage related, while those expressing dysfunction of hypothalamic integration (nor-adrenergic) seem to be related to factors other than neuroleptic drugs. Supporting evidence is cited from the literature pointing out a possible existence of at least two levels of 'central' integration. It is assumed that a functional dysharmony or a split between such levels may be cause, effect or concommittant of psychosomatic disease.
The relationship between hiatus hernia and tricyclic antidepressants: a report of five cases
Authors: M A Tyber
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

Of five patients who were receiving tricyclic antidepressants, two experienced an aggravation of preexisting hiatus hernia, and three with previously normal gastrointestinal X rays developed hiatal herination. The author suggests that this group of drugs may exert an anticholinergic effect on the esophageal sphincter and reduce the tone of the esophagogastric sphincter, thus aggravating existing hiatus hernia or causing its development.
Interaction Between Statins and Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Ian Rabinowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

TO THE EDITOR: I read with interest the editorial by Carver et al in Journal of Clinical Oncology on the approach to doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in the elderly patients treated for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The authors stated they have a “low threshold to add statins in light of the possible protective effect of this drug class on anthracylcine cardiotoxicity.” However, I would caution the authors (and readers) to consider recent data before adopting this practice. In a laboratory study, statins were found to significantly decrease rituximab-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of B-cell lymphomas. These studies suggested that statins, through cholesterol depletion, induced conformational changes in CD20 that result in impaired binding of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. It is firmly established that rituximab has a major beneficial impact in the outcome of patients with nonHodgkin’s lymphoma. Impairing the binding of rituximab to the tumor cells by adding a statin may negate some of the benefit of this drug, and needs to be weighed against any potential cardiac benefit derived from this approach as outlined by the authors. Furthermore, although there are no clinical data to support holding statins during rituximab administration, it may be prudent to consider doing so, even in patients already on this class of drug. Patients could be restarted on their statin one or two half-lives after the last dose of rituximab has been administered. At the very least, physicians should discuss this potentially negative interaction with their patients.
RELIABILITY OF OZONE IN SWIMMING POOL DISINFECTION
Authors: WALLACE A. MANHEIMER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

It is now well established that the combination of refiltration and disinfection of swimming pool water constitutes the standard procedure in the sanitary control of plunge baths. It is also well known that the combined procedures of refiltration and disinfection effect reductions in the cost of maintenance which, in the long run, make the installation of expensive apparatus an actual economy. Furthermore, it is well to state that refiltration can be relied on in a properly designed system to maintain the pool water free from suspended matter, and that ozone treatment will supplement this by bleaching dissolved coloring matter and by destroying bacteria. In diseases, bacteria are discharged from the body in pus, mucus, feces or blood. The bacteria are usually protected by these substances from the destroying activity of such natural agencies as light and drying; and probably the success obtained by the use of strong oxidizing chemicals, such
UV-B radiation induces the expression of antimicrobial peptides in human keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Regine Gläser, Fatemeh Navid, Winfried Schuller, Christian Jantschitsch, Jürgen Harder, Jens M. Schröder, Agatha Schwarz, Thomas Schwarz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Alan Margeston Harris
Authors: Stuart D Rosen, Aubrey Leatham
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Former consultant cardiologist Chelsea and Westminster Hospitals, London (b 1931; q St George's Hospital, London, 1955; BSc, MD, FRCP), died from leak of aortic aneurysm graft on 23 June 2005.

Alan Harris had a long and distinguished career at the forefront of cardiological innovation, playing a central part from the first use of a demand pacemaker in Europe to the routine implantation of transvenous pacemakers. Patients requiring a pacemaker in the south of England had only one option in the late 1950s: to have devices built and then implanted at St George's Hospital. Alan headed this highly demanding service. He leaves a wife, Fleure, and four daughters.