tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
2012 Olympics: who will survive?
Authors: P J Hamlyn, Z L Hudson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

The health and social benefits of the Olympic Games to the general population are doubtful

Five cities were in pursuit of the 2012 Olympics. At the heart of each application was the bid document, which has crucial chapters on health and the Game’s legacy. The Evaluation Committee of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) visited each city and interrogated their medical advisors, one of the current authors included, on every detail of the proposed health provisions.

With regard to the legacy, it is clear that the IOC’s increasing concern is to develop the benefits left by the staging of this elite, mass spectator, sporting event. A legacy of health gain is at the centre of many of the bids, although to generate one is not as straight forward as it might at first appear. The health equation of an Olympic games is by no means simple. Profound effects are felt by the communities in which mass events are staged, as well as by the populations viewing them, and these may not all be beneficial.

The benefits for non-participants may derive in two ways.

Populations viewing an event may be inspired to exercise. In a poll of nearly 900 adults, 26% stated that they had been inspired by British medal winning performances at the Olympic Games in Athens to play more sport, or to become more actively involved in sport in the future.1 However, good data on how often these intentions result in lasting action remain wanting.

The link to a specific sport may be direct. After the British Olympic success in curling, the sales of related equipment escalated substantially. The consequent exercise will have brought measurable health gain to Scotland, a black spot for deaths from stroke and heart attack. If only its population exercised, cases could fall by over …
Targeted Expression of Human <b> <i>MYCN</i> </b> Selectively Causes Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Transgenic Zebrafish
Authors: Hong Wei Yang, Jeffery L. Kutok, Nam Hyuk Lee, Hui Ying Piao, Christopher D. M. Fletcher, John P. Kanki, A. Thomas Look
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The zebrafish model organism has been used extensively for studies of genetic pathways in development, indicating its potential applicability to cancer. Here we show that targeted expression of MYCN in cells of the pancreatic islet induces neuroendocrine carcinoma. Four transgenic fish developed abdominal tumors between 4 and 6 months of age, and histologic analysis revealed lobulated arrangements of neoplastic cells with expression of the MYCN transgene. The tumors also expressed insulin mRNA, and pancreatic exocrine cells and ducts were identified within the neoplasms, indicating a pancreatic origin for the tumor. Transmission electron microscopy revealed cytoplasmic, endocrine-dense core granules, analogous to those found in human neuroendocrine tumors. Our studies establish a zebrafish transgenic model of pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma, setting the stage to evaluate molecular pathways downstream of MYCN in this vertebrate forward genetic model system.
Genomic rearrangements involving programmed death ligands are recurrent in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: David D. W. Twa, Fong Chun Chan, Susana Ben-Neriah, Bruce W. Woolcock, Anja Mottok, King L. Tan, Graham W. Slack, Jay Gunawardana, Raymond S. Lim, Andrew W. McPherson, Robert Kridel, Adele Telenius, David W. Scott, Kerry J. Savage, Sohrab P. Shah, Randy D. Gascoyne, Christian Steidl
Journal: Blood (2014)
Legionnaires' Disease: Clinical Features of the Epidemic in Philadelphia
Authors: THEODORE F. TSAI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

A review of the medical records of 123 persons with Legionnaires' disease hospitalized in the 1976 Philadelphia epidemic showed that the manifestations of infection ranged from mild grippe to a severe pneumonia that also involved other organ systems. Early in the illness, constitutional symptoms predominated. Fever, malaise, myalgia, rigors, confusion, headache, and diarrhea were usually followed by nonproductive cough and dyspnea. Physical examination showed few abnormalities other than rales. Moderate leukocytosis with left shift, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, elevation of serum levels of liver enzymes, and hematuria and proteinuria were characteristic. Chest radiograph showed patchy, often nodular, areas of consolidation. Progression of pneumonia led to respiratory failure and the need for mechanical ventilatory assistance for 19 patients; renal failure, primarily after shock, occurred in 18 persons. Twenty-six patients died. Treatment with erythromycin or tetracycline resulted in the lowest case-fatality ratios, but the associations were not statistically significant.
Remarks on Colitis in the Adult
Authors: A. J. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1897)

18 97 .intestinal derangements.The average age of the i8 cases was 38 years, that of the males being 36 and that of the females 38 years.The eldest male was 6o, the youngest 14; 'the oldest female 62 the youngest 13 years.Cause of Death.-inno instance was the presence of the Meckel's diverticulum in any way connected with the cause -of death.In one case at least it was so placed as to have readily allowed of the occurrence of an internal hernia.Position.-Thedistance of the diverticulum above the ileo- csecal valve averaged 34a inches; the greatest was 50i, the smallest IS inches.Length.-The average length of our I8 specimens was nearly 21 inches; the longest 6j inches, the shortest half an inch.Size.-This varied considerably.The diameter in 12 averaged an inch and a half.A photograph of the largest specimen is reproduced on p.459.It was discovered in a male subject,aged 42, dying from acute pneumonia.The diverticulum was con- nected with the ileum by a narrow mouth three-quarters of an inch wide, and then extending to a diameter of an inch, rapidly widened into a large pouch almost as big as thecaecum.
Max Roslyn Ernst
Authors: R. Sutton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former consultant surgeon Romford (b 1903; q St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1927; FRCS), d 11 July 2002.

After house jobs and a period as a ship's doctor, he settled in Romford in general practice, but with surgical ambitions. In 1939, he was refused military service on account of severe polio damage to his right leg. During the war, when his surgical practice required more than his allotted number of beds, he opened a small surgical unit at Rush Green Isolation Hospital. As infectious fever admissions declined, the unit expanded to 100 beds. He retired in 1970, but returned to general practice for the next 10 years. He was a fine organist. Predeceased by his wife, Dorothy, he leaves two sons and four grandchildren.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with ulcerative colitis
Authors: George G. Shashaty, Charles E. Rath, E. James Britt
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract Three patients are reported in whom autoimmune hemolytic anemia developed during the course of ulcerative colitis. A review of the literature yielded 11 additional cases, and the clinical, immunologic, and therapeutic characteristics are summarized. The results of steroid therapy and splenectomy are similar to those for idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The cause and effect relationship between these two diseases is not clear, but colectomy appears to produce remission in hemolysis when the latter is refractory to both steroids and splenectomy.
Sensitive and rapid diagnosis of human parvovirus B19 infection by loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Y. Yamada, M. Itoh, M. Yoshida
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Sensitive and rapid diagnosis of human parvovirus B19 infection by loop‐mediated isothermal amplification Get access Y. Yamada, Y. Yamada First Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Itoh, M. Itoh First Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Yoshida M. Yoshida Department of Dermatology, Sakura Hospital, School of Medicine, Toho University, Shimoshizu 564‐1, Sakura‐shi, Chiba Prefecture 285‐8741, Japan M. Yoshida. E‐mail: yoshidam@med.toho‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 1, 1 July 2006, Pages 50–55, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07379.x Published: 01 July 2006 Article history Accepted: 12 March 2006 Published: 01 July 2006
An 86-year-old female with lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: T. B. L. Ho, J. H. Hull, N. C. Hughes
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

To the Editors: 

In the paper by Johnson 1 on lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), he describes the typical patient being female and of child-bearing age. Although patients outside this age range have been described, the oldest recorded in the recently reported National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute registry was aged 76 yrs, the mean age of onset being 38.9 yrs 2.

We wish to report a …
PLASMA OSMOLALITY PREDICTS CLINICAL OUTCOME IN PATIENTS ADMITTED WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME UNDERGOING PCI AND STENT IMPLANTATION
Authors: Miklos Rohla, Matthias Freynhofer, Ioannis Tentzeris, Rudolf Jarai, Serdar Farhan, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber, Thomas Weiss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A Janus-Headed Polyp: Adenoma and Carcinoma with a Single Stalk
Authors: S. Gölder, F. Bataille, J. Schölmerich, G. Rogler
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Figure 1 A 70-year-old patient was admitted to hospital due to lower gastrointestinal bleeding from a biopsy site in a large polyp in the sigmoid colon. A polypectomy was performed after placement of an Endoloop. Histopathological examination revealed a tubular villous adenoma and an adenocarcinoma, with the two tumors growing out of a single pedicle.
Emphysema in a non-industrialized tropical island
Authors: J. A. Hayes, J. M. Summerell
Journal: Thorax (1969)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To establish evidence for the reliability and validity of the Philips IntelliSpace Cognition (ISC) digital test battery. <h3>Background:</h3> ISC is a cloud-based digital cognitive assessment platform that is classified as an FDA Class II medical device. It consists of digitized versions of traditional cognitive tests. Although the tests are similar to their traditional versions, digital testing might introduce unforeseen differences in the psychometric properties of tests. We conducted a large study to establish evidence for reliability and validity in a representative sample of healthy US-based adults. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> Reliability was assessed in a sample of 102 US-based participants who completed either the ISC battery or a traditional version of the battery twice across two consecutive visits. We calculated and compared separate test-retest correlations for the traditional and ISC test versions. Validity was assessed in another sample of 200 US-based participants who completed each version once across two consecutive visits. We assessed equivalence between modalities through Pearson correlations and equivalence tests. In addition, we conducted measurement invariance analyses based on confirmatory factor analysis to assess whether performance on both test versions was related to the same underlying cognitive domains. <h3>Results:</h3> Test-retest correlations for the traditional tests ranged from .29 to .89, and the ISC test-retest correlations ranged from .37 to .79. In general, the retest correlations for the ISC tests were lower compared to the traditional tests. In addition, the correlations between test versions ranged from .55 to .76. Importantly, measurement invariance analyses indicated that both modalities measured the same underlying cognitive domains. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The findings demonstrate broad support for both the reliability and validity of the ISC test battery. Despite small differences between modalities, performance on the ISC test versions can be interpreted in the same way as their traditional counterparts, provided that digital norms are used. <b>Disclosure:</b> Stefan Vermeent has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Philips. Mandy Spaltman has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Philips Digital Cognitive Diagnostics. Gijs Van Elswijk has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Philips. Gijs Van Elswijk has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Medtronic. Gijs Van Elswijk has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Manuel Oliveira has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Philips. Ben Schmand, PhD has nothing to disclose.
Pinocytosis in human synovial cells in vitro. Evidence for enhanced activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: K A Krakauer, R B Zurier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Human synovial tissue cells in monolayer can be shown to take up and digest a soluble protein, horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Uptake of HRP was linear with increasing concentrations of substrate and cell protein and with time for up to 4 h. Low temperature (4 degrees C), and sodium fluoride, an inhibitor of glycolysis were the most effective metabolic inhibitors of endocytosis. In addition, colchicine, an inhibitor of microtubule assembly, and yeast mannan, an inhibitor of mannose-specific receptors, reduced HRP uptake. Synovial cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RSC) demonstrated a statistically significantly higher rate of endocytosis (247 +/- 107 ng HRP/100 micrograms cell protein per 2 h.) than cells from control, nonrheumatoid patients (NSC) (100 +/- 80 ng HRP/100 micrograms cell protein per 2 h). Thus, it is possible to discriminate RSC from NSC by their quantitatively different rates of endocytosis. Digestion of HRP by synovial cells is statistically significant by 6 h after uptake. A faster initial rate of digestion was seen in RSC. Over the first 6--8 h of incubation 42% of the endocytosed HRP was still cell-associated in RSC and 67% remained in NSC cultures. However, by 24 h 20--30% of endocytosed HRP was found in both types of cultures. These results indicate that endocytosed molecules may accumulate more rapidly in RSC and persist within their lysosomes for a longer time than in NSC. The quantitative determination of enhanced endocytosis by RSC compared with NSC suggests that this increased activity may have a role in the pathological function of synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis.
Family Studies in Preventive Pediatrics
Authors: James C. Spence
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

WHEN John Clarence Cutter founded this lectureship and decreed that the lecture must be delivered in Boston and free to the medical profession, to the public and to the press, he was probably prompted by the zeal for education that had taken him many years before to his teaching post in Japan. But as I look back I believe that he was influenced also by Lemuel Shattuck's Census of Boston, a book so famous that a British historian has recently described it as "one of the most remarkable documents in the annals of public health, which might serve as . . .
Breathless after separation... from tumour
Authors: S-B. Catrina, L. Juntti-Berggren
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

children between composite score of asthma severity, atopic parameters and FeNO [10].In conclusion, clinical questions of the Asthma Control Questionnaire, forced expiratory volume in one second and exhaled nitric oxide fraction were grouped in distinct components, suggesting that they may complement each other in the assessment of asthma status.Further research, particularly observational longitudinal studies, should assess the usefulness of inflammatory biomarkers in conjunction with clinical questions and lung function parameters in asthma control assessment, and eventually establish an algorithm for treatment adjustment based on a thorough measure of asthma control.
Abstract 5268: Stimulated metastasis after treatment with epigenetic drugs through up-regulation of Ezrin
Authors: Yanlin Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Stimulated metastasis after treatment with epigenetic drugs through up-regulation of Ezrin Yanlin Yu, Pingyao Zeng, Jingbo Xiang, Shelley L. Berger and Glenn Merlino Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland The metastases at distant sites are still the main cause of death in cancer patients. New prognostic markers are urgently needed to assess the risk for developing metastasis, and novel therapeutic strategies are needed to treat this deadly disease. Epigenetic drugs such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) and inhibitors of DNA methylation are emerging as a new class of anticancer agents and are in several ongoing patient treatment regimens. However, those drugs are thought to be “dirty drugs”, affecting many pathways. Previously, we identified Ezrin as a critical regulator of metastasis in a mouse model of the pediatric cancer rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) (Yu, et al. Nature Medicine, 2004; Yu, et al. Cacner Res, 2006). In the current study, we examined the status of histone modification at the Ezrin gene chromatin locus and of methylation at the Ezrin promoter in highly and poorly metastatic RMS cell lines. Our results showed that RMS cells with high-level Ezrin and high metastatic potential have elevated acetylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and less methylation at the Ezrin promoter. In contrast, RMS cells with low-level Ezrin and poor metastatic potential have reduced acetylation of H3K9 and elevated methylation at the Ezrin promoter. Our data demonstrate that epigenetic covalent modifications to histones within nucleosomes of the Ezrin gene promoter are linked to Ezrin expression, and suggest that epigenetic regulation may affect the expression of Ezrin, thereby regulating metastasis. We further found that treatment with HDACi TSA or DNA demethylating agent 5-aza can restore expression of Ezrin and stimulate the metastatic potential of poorly metastatic cells with low Ezrin levels. Notably, the combination of Ezrin shRNA and HDACi can significantly inhibit this metastasis. This finding provides new mechanistic and therapeutic insights of epigenetic drugs in cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5268.
The Multiscan Appearance of Eosinophilic Granuloma
Authors: SADI ANTONMATTE, MARC R. TETALMAN, THOMAS V. LLOYD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

A case of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma is presented in which a 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scan revealed areas of increased, normal, and decreased uptake of the radionuclide. A radiographic bone survey demonstrated some but not all of the lesions seen on the bone scan; additionally, certain lesions were demonstrated only by the radiographs. A radionuclide bone scan is therefore unreliable as the sole diagnostic procedure for evaluating the distribution of eosinophilic granuloma and should always be complemented with a radiographic bone survey.
High-dosage fluphenazine.
Authors: P. W. Richmond
Journal: BMJ (1968)

High-dosage Fluphenaze SIR,-Comment in your correspondence column has drawn attention to side-effects ol phenothiazines,"' and there is current interest in the use of fluphenazine enanthate.4wish to draw attention to the value of highdose oral fluphenazine administration in acute schizophrenic illness.This therapeutic approach to a broad cross-section of psychotic
The toxicity of inhaled methyl isocyanate in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. II. Repeated exposure and recovery studies.
Authors: J R Bucher, B N Gupta, M Thompson, B Adkins, B A Schwetz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to 0, 1, 3, or 6 ppm methyl isocyanate by inhalation for 6 hr on 4 consecutive days. Deaths of rats were observed following 3 ppm exposures, and mice died after exposures to 6 ppm. Deaths appeared to be related to severe respiratory distress. Survivors in high dose groups lost weight initially, then gained weight at rates equal to controls throughout a 91-day recovery period. Lung weights increased significantly in male and female rats exposed to 3 ppm, but no persistent changes in brain, kidney, thymus, spleen, liver, or testis weights were seen in either mice or rats. Blood and serum from male and female rats were taken for clinical pathology and hematology assessments on day 7 of postexposure, the day prior to the first observed deaths of these animals. No changes or only slight changes were seen in measures of serum alanine aminotransferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, or in blood and brain cholinesterase activities. However, serum creatine kinase increased with dose in both males and females. Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and methemoglobin were unchanged. No changes were seen in counts of red blood cells or platelets, or in red cell indices. Hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrits were slightly elevated. No changes were noted in absolute leukocyte counts, but counts of segmented neutrophils increased and lymphocytes decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
“Frequent flier” patients
Authors: Susan Williams, Alex Bottle, Raquel Rogers, Paul Aylin
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Rising healthcare costs and tight budgets mean that primary care trusts (PCT) are under pressure to reduce the number of admissions to hospital. One target group of patients is those with multiple admissions—the "frequent fliers." Improved management of these patients is good medical practice and can be cost effective for managers.w1The case management programme is the latest NHS initiative that aims to reduce the number of elderly frequent fliers. w1 w2We examined hospital episode statistics to reveal the scale of these admissions and to determine predictors of multiple admissions. #### The bottom line
In vivo studies of articular tissue damage mediated by catabolin/interleukin 1.
Authors: J T Dingle, D P Page Thomas, B King, D R Bard
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

A partially purified porcine synovial catabolin interleukin 1 (CF) preparation was injected intra-articularly into rabbit stifle (knee) joints. Radiolabelled CF was rapidly cleared from the joint (0.4 h). Repeated injections of CF caused a marked loss of articular cartilage glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and a great increase in synovial fluid GAG. 35SO4 uptake was inhibited. Time course experiments after a single injection produced similar loss of GAG from knee cartilages, which was maximal three days after injection. The above changes were significantly less with heat inactivated preparations. Loss of articular cartilage metachromasia was found histologically, and an acute synovitis occurred together with lymphocytic foci and plasma cell infiltration.