tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary artery aneurysm and tuberous sclerosis
Authors: N J Burrows
Journal: Thorax (2003)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> Neurological complications can worsen outcomes in COVID-19. We defined the prevalence of a wide range of neurological conditions among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in geographically diverse multinational populations. <h3>METHODS</h3> Using electronic health record (EHR) data from 348 participating hospitals across 6 countries and 3 continents between January and September 2020, we performed a cross-sectional study of hospitalized adult and pediatric patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test, both with and without severe COVID-19. We assessed the frequency of each disease category and 3-character International Classification of Disease (ICD) code of neurological diseases by countries, sites, time before and after admission for COVID-19, and COVID-19 severity. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Among the 35,177 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was increased prevalence of disorders of consciousness (5.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.7%-7.8%, <i>p</i><sub>FDR</sub>&lt;.001) and unspecified disorders of the brain (8.1%, 95%CI: 5.7%-10.5%, <i>p</i><sub>FDR</sub>&lt;.001), compared to pre-admission prevalence. During hospitalization, patients who experienced severe COVID-19 status had 22% (95%CI: 19%-25%) increase in the relative risk (RR) of disorders of consciousness, 24% (95%CI: 13%-35%) increase in other cerebrovascular diseases, 34% (95%CI: 20%-50%) increase in nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage, 37% (95%CI: 17%-60%) increase in encephalitis and/or myelitis, and 72% (95%CI: 67%-77%) increase in myopathy compared to those who never experienced severe disease. <h3>INTERPRETATION</h3> Using an international network and common EHR data elements, we highlight an increase in the prevalence of central and peripheral neurological phenotypes in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly among those with severe disease.
Re: Impact of Complete Bladder Neck Preservation on Urinary Continence, Quality of Life and Surgical Margins After Radical Prostatectomy: A Randomized, Controlled, Single Blind Trial
Authors: Eugenio Brunocilla, Marco Borghesi, Riccardo Schiavina, Cristian V. Pultrone, Giuseppe Martorana
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of a large depressed adenoma in the ileum
Authors: Noriya Uedo, Artur Nemeth, Ervin Toth, Henrik Thorlacius
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 70-year-old man with Lynch syndrome underwent a subtotal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis in 2005. During endoscopic follow-up, a large (2.5 cm), flat polyp was detected in the ileum, 20 cm proximal to the ileorectal anastomosis ([Fig. 1]). Multiple biopsies were taken from the center of the polyp, which revealed adenoma with low grade dysplasia. The patient was referred for an attempt to remove the polyp endoscopically.
Adult B lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with hypodiploidy (-9) and a novel chromosomal translocation t(7;12)(q22;p13) presenting with severe eosinophilia – case report and review of literature
Authors: Farhat Abbas Bhatti, Iftikhar Hussain, Muhammad Zafar Ali
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2009)

Patients suffering from adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia are acutely ill and present most commonly with fever, pallor, bleeding, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and presence of lymphoblasts in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. We describe a rare presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in a young adult male who had vague and minimal symptoms with mild splenomegaly. There was severe eosinophilia along with absence of blasts in the peripheral blood, and 40% blasts with increase in eosinophils in the bone marrow. The blasts were positive for common precursor B cell markers on flow cytometry. The patient had a unique cytogenetic abnormality t(7;12)(q22;p13),-9, not previously described in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He was categorized as poor risk due to failure to achieve complete remission after induction with UK ALL XII chemotherapy.
Preventing Breast Cancer: The Story of a Major Proven, Preventable Cause of This Disease
Authors: Clark W. Heath
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Although breast tissue is particularly sensitive to the carcinogenic effects of ionizing radiation, especially at young ages, it is likely that less than 5% of all breast cancer in the United States can be attributed to radiation and less than 1% to medical uses of radiation.<sup>1</sup>These levels of attributable risk are based on average levels of population exposures and on widely accepted estimates of breast carcinogenicity per unit dose.<sup>2</sup> This book disputes these facts and proposes instead that "about three-quarters of the current annual incidence of breast cancer in the United States is being caused by earlier ionizing radiation, primarily from medical sources." To reach this conclusion, the author assembles data from more than 20 different settings, past and present, in which female breast tissue has been exposed to medical radiation, most involving diagnostic procedures. He calculates the collective radiation dose for each setting and then translates
Immunohistology of the Lung in Goodpasture's Syndrome
Authors: GREGORY J. BEIRNE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Immunofluorescent studies of the lung of a patient who died from Goodpasture's syndrome revealed linear deposition of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and beta1C-globulin along the basement membrane of alveolar septae and alveolar capillaries. This linear pattern was similar to that found in the glomeruli. In view of the known similarity of some alveolar and glomerular antigens, the IgG in lung and kidney of this patient might have contained cross-reacting antibodies to a common antigen. These observations suggest that antibodies to basement membranes might have induced both the pulmonary and renal lesions.
Metastatic Lung Cancer Detected by Lumbar Bone Densitometry
Authors: IOANNA PASPATI, GEORGE P. LYRITIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A lumbar bone densitometry examination was performed in a patient with severe low back pain but no pathologic findings on initial laboratory and radiologic investigations. The bone mineral density of the spine was in the low-normal range (90.5% age matched), with the L4 vertebra bone mineral density less than the others, whereas image analysis showed a defect in the right part of its body. Additional radiographs confirmed this finding, which was proved to be a metastatic lesion from a primary lung cancer. Although not intended for diagnosis, the results of image analysis of bone densitometry should be evaluated carefully.
Technical Procedures Affecting Reproduction
Authors: C. O. Carter
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The title of this book is somewhat misleading, since it is not concerned with eugenics in the broader sense but with various new technical procedures affecting reproduction.It includes accounts of artificial insemination, artificial fertilization, screening for genetic disease with prenatal diagnosis and selective abortion, genetic engineering, and cloning.Somewhat out of place, there is also a chapter on organ transplantation; some of the principles are similar to those which would be involved in cell therapy for genetic disease.The book is the outcome of a series of meetings of a working party set up by the British Association, which included two human geneticists, a physiologist, a physician from Africa, a theologian, a journalist, and two members of Parliament.Each topic is discussed with technical expertise and com-
Effect of elastic loading on variational activity of breathing.
Authors: T Brack, A Jubran, M J Tobin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

To examine the effect of elastic loading on variational activity of breathing, we studied 11 healthy subjects breathing at rest and with inspiratory elastic loads of 9 and 18 cm H2O/L, applied randomly for 1 h each. Compared with rest, a load of 18 cm H2O/L decreased gross variability, quantitated as standard deviation, of tidal volume (VT) and expiratory time (TE) (p < 0.01 in both instances) but increased that of inspiratory time (TI) (p < 0.03). The autocorrelation coefficients at a lag of 1 breath for each breath component were not altered by elastic loading, although the number of breath lags with significant serial correlations for TE tended to increase with a load of 18 cm H2O/L (p = 0.08). A load of 18 cm H2O/L decreased only the fraction of variational activity of VT and TE due to uncorrelated, random behavior (white noise), while it increased that fraction for TI (p < 0.05 in each instance); the correlated and oscillatory fractions did not change. Uncorrelated random behavior constituted > 87% of the variance of each breath component, correlated behavior represented 3 to 11%, and oscillatory behavior represented < 1.5% during both rest and loaded breathing. Elastic loading changed the gross variability of each primary breath component by altering the random fraction of variational activity; it had no significant effect on the structured, correlated fraction. We speculate that the observed changes in variational activity may reflect an attempt by the controller to compensate for the increased load while simultaneously minimizing load-induced dyspnea.
A Study of the Ultraviolet Microscopy of Renal Vascular Diseases
Authors: SHELDON C. SOMMERS, RUTH CROZIER, SHIELDS WARREN
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Newer methods of microscopy promise to provide a better insight into the physicochemical aspects of tissue structure than has been attained by conventional technics. An exploratory investigation is reported of the ultraviolet absorptive behavior of renal arterioles and arteries, employing the Polaroid color-translating ultraviolet microscope. In the arteriolar necrosis accompanying malignant hypertension and renal periarteritis nodosa changes of particular interest were observed.
Isoniazid-related liver disease. Occurrence with portal hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, and hypersplenism
Authors: W. G. Graham
Journal: JAMA (1979)

ISONIAZID is reported to cause mild usually asymptomatic hepatocellular dysfunction manifested by elevations of the serum transaminase levels in 10% to 20% of patients.<sup>1</sup>Clinically apparent hepatitis occurs in 1% to 2% of patients, occasionally resulting in fatal hepatic necrosis.<sup>1</sup>The majority of deaths reported have occurred in blacks. The clinical syndrome of cirrhosis with ascites, peripheral edema, portal hypertension, eosphageal varices, and hypoalbuminemia associated with isoniazid has not been described, although histological evidence of cirrhosis has been present in some autopsy or biopsy specimens.<sup>2-4</sup>We report severe isoniazid-related chronic hepatic damage with clinical cirrhosis occurring in a white woman, whose condition improved after discontinuation of the treatment. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 57-year-old white woman was given prophylactic isoniazid, 300 mg/day, because of apical scarring on chest roentgenogram and a positive tuberculin skin test. After eight months of taking the medition and not showing symptoms, she noted
A Registry for Clinical Trials
Authors: Susan Chollar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Currents15 April 1998A Registry for Clinical TrialsSusan ChollarSusan ChollarSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-8-199804150-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Patient advocacy groups scored a victory last November with the passage of the Food and Drug Administration [FDA] Modernization Act of 1997. One section of that law-Public Law 105-115, Item 17: (82), Section 113 “Information Program on Clinical Trials for Serious or Life-Threatening Diseases”-calls for the establishment of a federally funded database containing information on both government-funded and privately funded clinical trials of drugs designed to treat serious or life-threatening conditions. In the future, the registry may also include clinical trials that investigate the effectiveness of medical devices. It will be established and operated under the auspices of the National ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Susan Chollar PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMeta‐Analysis in EpidemiologyBio-Surveillance and Claims DatabasesInternal validity of randomized controlled trials reported in major gastrointestinal and surgical endoscopy journals in 2008The impact of pharmaceutical company funding on results of randomized trials of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation: a meta-analysisMeta‐Analysis in EpidemiologyHow can medical journals help prevent poor medical research? Some opportunities presented by electronic publishingLa publicación en revistas biomédicas de protocolos de ensayos clínicos: una nueva manera de mejorar la calidad de la investigación 15 April 1998Volume 128, Issue 8 Page: 701-702 Keywords AIDS Clinical trials Databases Drug research and development Drugs Food and Drug Administration Health information technology HIV Internet Patient advocacy ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 April 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cancer screening in elderly people with limited life expectancy is common in US, study finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Large numbers of elderly US people with limited life expectancy continue to be screened for cancer even though such tests are of little benefit and can pose substantial harms, a new study has concluded.1

In the study, published in JAMA Internal Medicine on 18 August, Trevor J Royce of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and colleagues looked at rates of screening for prostate, breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer in more than 27 000 people aged 65 years or older who participated in the National Health Interview Survey.

The face to face survey, which is conducted annually by the US National Center for Health Statistics, is designed to provide …
1171 Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in patients with HBEAG-negative/anti-HBE-positive chronic hepatitis B from different geographical areas. Data from the PEGASYs® study in HBE-antigen-negative CHB
Authors: M BRUNETTO, A MAINA, F OLIVERI, F BONINO, G COLUCCI, P MARCELLIN, G LAU, P FARCI, S HADZIYANNIS, N PLUCK
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
A 52-Year-Old Suicidal Man, 1 Year Later
Authors: Richard A. Parker
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Closed Treatment of Common Fractures
Authors: Peter A. Casagrande
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Dr. Charnley should be commended for espousing the cause of "closed" or manipulative reductions of fractures. The operative school of fracture surgeons seems to be in the ascendency today, and the trainee is given an overexposure to this procedure. Certainly more attention should be given the closed method of fracture treatment so that each method could be judiciously applied when indicated. There is no question that the closed method requires more ingenuity, patience, and acceptance of occasional imperfections in appearance and function for the over-all benefit of the patient. There are several criticisms of the book which I would like to make. ( Such difference of opinion is in the best tradition of traumatologists.) Dr. Charnley states that "if after two weeks a comminuted fracture [of the radial head] has not recovered an acceptable range of pronation and supination, then excision [of the radial head] can seriously be considered." This statement
S84 Is There A Relationship Between Acceptance Of Referral To Smoking Cessation Services Or Pulmonary Rehabilitation And Readmission Rates For Patients With Copd?
Authors: L. Sewell, C. Mitchell-Issitt, K. Barley, C. Chebbout, S. Msimanga, L. Clinch, S. Boyce, M. Steiner, S. Singh
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Readmission to hospital following an acute exacerbation of COPD is a significant burden to patients and health providers. Care bundles are increasingly used to support hospital discharges of patients admitted with an exacerbation of COPD. Referral to smoking cessation, nicotine replacement therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation services are key elements of COPD care bundles but it is not known if uptake to these interventions predicts readmission. <h3>Methods</h3> This was a retrospective audit of patients who received a COPD discharge care bundle from April 2012 to March 2014. The care bundle was delivered by the nurse specialists in the Respiratory Discharge Service (REDS). The REDS team follow care bundle patients up for a period of 15 days after hospital discharge. Referral to smoking cessation, Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) and pulmonary rehabilitation services was recorded, along with15 day readmission status as part of usual clinical outcomes. Between group-comparisons were analysed using chi-squared tests with the significance level set at p &lt; 0.05. <h3>Results</h3> 15 day readmission status, smoking cessation NRT and PR referral was recorded for 1891 patients (mean (SD) age 71.23 (10.32) yrs, 54.1% male, 40.5% current smokers) who received the care bundle prior to discharge. A total of 269 patients readmitted at 15 days (see table). There was a significant difference between smoking cessation uptake and readmission status (p = 0.004). There were no between-group differences in respect of readmission status and pulmonary rehabilitation or readmission status and NRT or (p = 0.323 and p = 0.110 respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients who accept a referral to smoking cessation services following an admission for an exacerbation of COPD may be less likely to readmit to hospital after 15 days but there is no relationship between acceptance of referral to pulmonary rehabilitation and NRT services and 15 day readmission status.
The Hunterian Oration on John Hunter as a Surgeon: Delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons
Authors: C. Heath
Journal: BMJ (1897)

was a great anatomist, a learned physiologist, and a profound pathologist, as his monumental museum and his numerous writings sufficiently show; but there has been among the Hunterian orators of late years a tendency, I think, to ignore the fact that Hunter was also a great sur- geon.It will be my effort to-day to magnify the claims of John Hunter to have been a great surgeon.When I7 years of age, John Hunter stayed for a time with his brother-in-law Buchanan, and thus acquired manual dex- terity in the carpenter's workshop, which is, after all, no bad preparation for the art of chirurgery.In his 20th year John joined William Hunter, and soon showed his dexterity as a dissector, and became by rapid strides a human anatomist.In the following summer he attended at Chelsea Hospital under Cheselden, the leading surgeon of the day, and only entered as a pupil at St. Bartholomew's, under Percival Pott, when Cheselden's health gave way.This was in 1751, and here Hunter must have seen a good deal of the best surgery of the day; but in I754 we find him entering as a pupil at St. George's Hospital where he two years later filled the resporsible position of house-surgeon.In 1759 his hard workc of various kinds had told upon Hunter's health, and he sought change of air by joining the Army Medical Service, with which he served at the siege of Belleisle in 176I, and subsequently in Spain.Here he saw much surgery, and upon it he based his paper on gunshot wounds, and showed how erroneous was the then received practice of invariably opening out bullet wounds.His paper on Inflammation was also to a great degree founded upon observations made at Belleisle, and in it he constantly refers to cases which came under his notice there.Having thus added largely to his surgical experience, Huntpr returned to London in 1763 at the conclusion of the war, and devoted himself to what little surgery came in his way, but worked hard at those researches in anatomy and physiology which have rendered his name immfortal.In 1768 he was elected Surgeon to St. George's Hospital, where he enjoyed for twenty-five years the opportunity of practising surgery before an admiring crowd of pupils, many of whom attained eminence in later life.Hunter was then in his 40th year, which may be fairly considered a surgeon's prime; and it is not wonderful that he attracted as his pupils men like Jenner, Home, Carlisle, Abernethy, and Astley Cooper.It is to be regretted that we have so little contemporary information respecting Hunter as a clinical teacher.That
Head Injury: Conference Proceedings
Authors: Julian R. Youmans
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In a three-day conference on head injury 48 investigators participated. Their backgrounds varied widely— neurosurgeons, neurologists, physicists, statisticians, pathologists, radiologists, and physiologists. Their 40 reports varied as widely in their subjects. The introductory chapters excellently review the head injury problem in America as reflected in recent statistics, and current research in preventive measures, such as seat belts and helmets. The section on the understanding and management of cerebral trauma covers 152 pages. It gives an up-to-date view of the clinical problems and the current uses of diagnostic tools such as the electroencephalography, echoencephalography, auditory and vestibular tests, and radiologic procedures. Hollie McHugh's discussion of auditory and vestibular disorders with head injuries contains much information that is not widely appreciated. Outstanding are the chapters concerning metabolic aspects of head injuries by Robert McLaurin; the vascular factors in head injury and their contribution to brain swelling and intracranial hypertension, by Thomas Langford
The Opening Snap of the Tricuspid Valve: A Physical Sign of Tricuspid Stenosis
Authors: CHARLES E. KOSSMANN
Journal: Circulation (1955)

In two patients with rheumatic heart disease a short, loud, high pitched, early diastolic, snapping sound was heard at or below and to the right of the xiphisternum. Except for the different area of audibility it was similar on auscultation to the opening snap of the mitral valve. Both patients showed clinical evidence of tricuspid as well as mitral and aortic valvular disease. There was hemodynamic evidence of tricuspid disease in one, and the other displayed tricuspid stenosis at necropsy. The abnormal sound was regarded as the opening snap of the tricuspid valve.
481 HCV-related mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) syndrome is associated with high liver HCV antigens (HCV-AG) expression
Authors: A. Grassi, M. Lenzi, M. Susca, L. Mele, G. Farina, G. Bianchi, D. Zauli, F.B. Bianchi, G. Ballardini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)