tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein in subjects with and without mild, stable, atopic asthma
Authors: KL Woolley, E Adelroth, MJ Woolley, R Ellis, M Jordana, PM O'Byrne
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Increasing evidence implicates the eosinophil as an important effector cell in asthma, but little is known regarding its regulation in vivo. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to regulate eosinophil function in vitro. We investigated the in vivo role of eosinophils and GM-CSF in mild asthma. We compared the number and function of eosinophils and the presence of GM-CSF in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and biopsy tissue obtained from eight mild, stable, atopic asthmatics and 10 nonasthmatics, five of whom were atopic and five nonatopic. Eosinophils were significantly increased in the blood, BAL and biopsy tissue from asthmatics. Activated eosinophils, assessed by immunostaining for the secreted form of eosinophil cationic protein (EG2), were also increased in asthmatic BAL cells and biopsy tissue. Significant increases in GM-CSF in BAL cells and biopsy tissue from asthmatics were also evident. Significant positive correlations existed between GM-CSF in BAL and EG2, and GM-CSF in biopsy tissue and BAL and biopsy eosinophils. Airway responsiveness was also significantly positively correlated with eosinophil number and activation, and with GM-CSF. These results demonstrate that there are increased numbers of activated eosinophils and GM-CSF is increased in patients with mild asthma. Furthermore, GM-CSF is correlated with eosinophil number and function in vivo and these indices are significantly correlated with airway function. These findings emphasize the importance of eosinophils, potentially regulated in vivo by GM-CSF, in contributing to the disordered airway function evident even in mild asthma.
Pl <sup>A</sup> Polymorphism of Platelet Glycoprotein IIIa and Risk of Restenosis After Coronary Stent Placement
Authors: Adnan Kastrati, Albert Schömig, Melchior Seyfarth, Werner Koch, Shpend Elezi, Corinna Böttiger, Julinda Mehilli, Kathrin Schömig, Nicolas von Beckerath
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Platelets play a central role in the process of restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions. A polymorphism of platelet glycoprotein IIIa (Pl A ) has been associated with a higher risk of coronary thrombosis. We designed this prospective study to test the hypothesis that Pl A polymorphism of glycoprotein IIIa is associated with an increased risk for restenosis after coronary stent placement. Methods and Results —The study included 1150 consecutive patients with successful coronary stent placement and 6-month follow-up with coronary angiography. The end point of the study was the incidence of angiographic restenosis (≥50% diameter stenosis) at follow-up. Of the 1150 patients, 72.5% were homozygous for Pl A1 , 24.7% were heterozygous (Pl A1/A2 ), and 2.8% were homozygous for Pl A2 . Patients with the Pl A2 allele demonstrated a significantly higher restenosis rate than did those without (47% versus 38%; OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.84). The risk was highest in homozygous carriers of Pl A2 (53.1% restenosis rate). After adjustment for several clinical and angiographic characteristics, the presence of the Pl A2 allele remained a significantly independent risk factor for restenosis (adjusted OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.70). The influence of the Pl A2 allele on restenosis was stronger in women. Women with Pl A2 had a restenosis rate of 52% compared with the 33% incidence among women homozygous for Pl A1 (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.27 to 3.85). Conclusions —This study showed a significant association between the Pl A polymorphism of glycoprotein IIIa and the risk of restenosis after coronary stent placement. The risk was more pronounced in patients homozygous for Pl A2 allele and in female patients.
Diet and Exercise for Weight Loss
Authors: George A. Bray
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Activation of natural killer cells via the p75 interleukin 2 receptor.
Authors: J H Phillips, T Takeshita, K Sugamura, L L Lanier
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

The IL-2R is composed of at least two subunits, the p55 (CD25/Tac) and p75 glycoproteins. The p75 IL-2R is expressed preferentially on resting human peripheral blood NK cells, but is not detected on substantial proportions of T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, or granulocytes. Anti-p75 IL-2R mAb substantially inhibits the early events associated with NK cell activation by IL-2, including inhibition of cytotoxic activity and induction of the CD69 early activation antigen. While anti-p55 IL-2R mAb alone failed to substantially inhibit the initial events of IL-2 stimulation, maximal inhibition of IL-2-induced cytotoxicity and proliferation was achieved by combining both anti-p55 IL-2R and anti-p75 IL-2R. Collectively, results from the present studies directly implicate the p75 IL-2R as the structure predominantly responsible for IL-2 activation of NK cells.
Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D O Haskard, C S Higgens, L N Temple, H L Currey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis without splenomegaly or Felty's syndrome developed spontaneous rupture of the spleen. The histological appearance was consistent with involvement of the splenic capsule by the rheumatoid process, and this may have predisposed to splenic rupture.
Late angiographic assessment of the edge effect and restenosis associated with intraluminal sonotherapy: results from the SILENT (Sonotherapy for In-Lesion Elimination of Neointimal Tissue) trial
Authors: Ross Prpic, Richard E. Kuntz, Nicholas Cox, Kalon Ho, Michelle Fitzpatrick, Satyendra Giri, Donald E. Cutlip, Jeffrey J. Popma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Efficacy of Fluticasone Propionate on Lung Function and Symptoms in Wheezy Infants
Authors: Ward Hofhuis, Els C. van der Wiel, Eveline M. Nieuwhof, Wim C. J. Hop, Marjo J. Affourtit, Frank J. Smit, Anja A. P. H. Vaessen-Verberne, Florens G. A. Versteegh, Johan C. de Jongste, Peter J. F. M. Merkus
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

The role of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of recurrent or persistent wheeze in infancy remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of 3 months of treatment with inhaled fluticasone propionate, 200 μg daily (FP200), on lung function and symptom scores in wheezy infants. Moreover, we evaluated whether infants with atopy and/or eczema respond better to FP200 as compared with non-atopic infants. Forced expiratory flow (V̇maxFRC) was measured at baseline and after treatment. Sixty-five infants were randomized to receive FP200 or placebo, and 62 infants (mean age, 11.3 months) completed the study. Mean V̇maxFRC, expressed as a Z score, was significantly below normal at baseline and after treatment in both groups. The change from baseline of V̇maxFRC was not different between the two treatment arms. After 6 weeks of treatment, and not after 13 weeks, the FP200 group had a significantly higher percentage of symptom-free days and a significant reduction in mean daily cough score compared with placebo. Separate analysis of treatment effect in infants with atopy or eczema showed no effect modification. We conclude that in wheezy infants, after 3 months of treatment with fluticasone, there was no improvement in lung function and no reduction in respiratory symptoms compared with placebo.
How It Feels to Live With a Physical Disability
Authors: W. Foster Eich
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This is a beautiful book. I had difficulty putting it down until I finished it. It consists of 12 stories by children who have been dealt a bad hand and who have played the hand well. They tell what it feels like to live with a physical disability. The stories are by handicapped children from six to 16 years old. Disabilities include dwarfism, cerebral palsy, blindness, amputations, paraplegia, Treacher-Collins anomalad, and others. Several of the children participate in athletic programs under Paddy Rossbach, an amputee who runs marathons. They are learning to ski without legs, or run races with a prosthesis. The blind girl is learning to be a ballerina. The children face their difficulties with grace and courage. They also show a sense of humor. One girl describes her old prosthesis, which had a rusty knee joint that squeaked, and tells of a poem her friends wrote: Hi, my
All Patients With Hemodynamically Tolerated Postinfarction Ventricular Tachycardia Do Not Require an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Authors: Jesús Almendral, Mark E. Josephson
Journal: Circulation (2007)

onventional wisdom has long held that patients with tolerated ventricular tachycardia (VT) in the setting of chronic coronary heart disease are at low risk of arrhythmic death.This logic held that arrhythmia recurrence, although reasonably likely, could be predicted to be well tolerated.As with all truisms, it is good to reexamine this belief periodically.Disease states change; more information becomes available; and the general context of medical care improves.Expectations and capacity to tolerate risk, which are essentially societal rather than medical considerations, continue to evolve.Situations exist such as the present case in which this process of reexamination rather than the results of well-constructed randomized trials will determine the correct course.
Prolactinomas and the Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis Type-1 Complex
Authors: MICHAEL GOLDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1979Prolactinomas and the Multiple Endocrine Adenomatosis Type-1 ComplexMICHAEL GOLDMAN, M.D., DONALD HOLUB, M.D.MICHAEL GOLDMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DONALD HOLUB, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-791_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The association of prolactinomas with the multiple endocrine adenomatosis type-1 complex, as suggested by Prosser's study (1) of three families, can be further substantiated by follow-up data from the original family described by Wermer (2) in 1954.Four of the seven sisters affected with the syndrome had roentgenogram evidence of an intrasellar mass when first evaluated. Recently O.P., now 64 years of age, was admitted to the hospital and a prolactin of 455 ng/mL (normal female value, less than 25 ng/mL) found. The eldest sister, C.P., who previously had undergone pituitary irradiation, was contacted and her prolactin...References1. PROSSER P, KARAM J, TOWNSEND J, and FORSHAM P. Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas in multiple endocrine adenomatosis, type 1. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:41-4. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WERMER P. Genetic aspects of adenomatosis of endocrine glands. Am J Med. 1954;16:363-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MICHAEL GOLDMAN, M.D.; DONALD HOLUB, M.D.Affiliations: Presbyterian Hospital New York, NY 10032 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byResults of Treatment of Pituitary Disease in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Type I 1 November 1979Volume 91, Issue 5 Page: 791-792 Keywords Endocrine adenomatosis Prolactin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Protection by cimetidine, but not ranitidine, implies that H2 receptors do not mediate arrhythmogenesis in a rat model of regional ischaemia and reperfusion in vitro
Authors: M. McA. Banning, M. J. Curtis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Evidence suggests that histamine may function as one of many endogenous biochemical mediators of ischaemia- and reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF). The H2 receptor subtype has been hypothesised to mediate this action. Our objective was to test this hypothesis.The hypothesis predicts that H2 antagonists should prevent VF. We tested this by evoking ischaemia- and reperfusion-induced VF using the isolated perfused rat heart (Langendorff preparation) and performing concentration-response studies with two H2 antagonists, cimetidine and ranitidine.Continuous perfusion with cimetidine at the highest concentration (10 microM) reduced the incidence of ischaemia-induced VF from 57% in controls to 8% (P < 0.05) and the incidence of reperfusion-induced VF from 78 to 38% (P < 0.05). Surprisingly, the incidences of ischaemia- and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias were not reduced by ranitidine over an equivalent concentration range (0.1-10 microM). Electrocardiographic (ECG) variables (PR and QT interval) were not altered by cimetidine or ranitidine at any concentration, suggesting that neither drug produced direct electrophysiological actions on fast inward sodium, L-type calcium or potassium currents (blockade of which would have led to ECG changes).Ranitidine does not possess antiarrhythmic activity during ischaemia or reperfusion in the isolated rat heart, indicating that specific H2 antagonism is unlikely to be an effective mechanism of VF suppression. Thus, if histamine functions as an arrhythmogenic factor, it is not likely to do so by activating H2 receptors. Furthermore, since ranitidine is marginally the more potent of the two drugs as an H2 antagonist, it would appear that cimetidine, which was found to protect against VF, possesses antiarrhythmic activity mediated by non-specific effects (i.e., not attributable to blockade of H2 receptors).
Polyspecificity of Monoclonal Lupus Autoantibodies Produced by Human-Human Hybridomas
Authors: Shoenfeld Y, Rauch J, Massicotte H, Datta Sk, André-Schwartz J, Stollar Bd, Schwartz Rs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We studied the serologic properties of monoclonal autoantibodies that were produced by hybridomas derived from lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The hybridomas were made by fusion of a human lymphoblastoid cell line, GM 4672 (derived from a patient with multiple myeloma), with peripheral-blood or splenic lymphocytes from six patients with lupus. Thirty monoclonal autoantibodies, selected for their ability to react with denatured DNA, were analyzed. Eighteen of them reacted with three or more additional polynucleotides, including native DNA, left-handed double-helical DNA (Z-DNA), poly(l), and poly(dT). Ten reacted both with nucleic acids and the phospholipid cardiolipin. The multiple binding reactions of the monoclonal autoantibodies may be explained by the presence of appropriately spaced phosphodiester groups in both the polynucleotides and the phospholipid. The sharing of antigenic groups by polymers of different natures may contribute to the apparent diversity of serologic reactions in systemic lupus erythematosus. These findings suggest that DNA itself need not be the immunogenic stimulus for autoantibody formation in this disease.
A Broadscale Phylogenetic Analysis of Group II Intron RNAs and Intron-Encoded Reverse Transcriptases
Authors: D. M. Simon, S. A. Kelchner, S. Zimmerly
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

Group II introns are self-splicing RNAs that are frequently assumed to be the ancestors of spliceosomal introns. They are widely distributed in bacteria and are also found in organelles of plants, fungi, and protists. In this study, we present a broadscale phylogenetic analysis of group II introns using sequence data from both the conserved RNA structure and the intron-encoded reverse transcriptase (RT). Two similar phylogenies are estimated for the RT open reading frame (ORF), based on either amino acid or nucleotide sequence, whereas one phylogeny is produced for the RNA. In making these estimates, we confronted nearly all the classic challenges to phylogenetic inference, including positional saturation, base composition heterogeneity, short internodes with low support, and sensitivity to taxon sampling. Although the major lineages are well-defined, robust resolution of topology is not possible between these lineages. The approximately unbiased (AU) and Shimodaira–Hasegawa topology tests indicated that the RT ORF and RNA ribozyme data sets are in significant conflict under a variety of models, revealing the possibility of imperfect coevolution between group II introns and their intron-encoded ORFs. The high level of sequence divergence, large timescale, and limited number of alignable characters in our study are representative of many RTs and group I introns, and our results suggest that phylogenetic analyses of any of these sequences could suffer from the same sources of error and instability identified in this study.
IGHV-unmutated and IGHV-mutated chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells produce activation-induced deaminase protein with a full range of biologic functions
Authors: Piers E. M. Patten, Charles C. Chu, Emilia Albesiano, Rajendra N. Damle, Xiao-Jie Yan, Dorothy Kim, Lu Zhang, Amanda R. Magli, Jacqueline Barrientos, Jonathan E. Kolitz, Steven L. Allen, Kanti R. Rai, Sergio Roa, Patricia K. Mongini, Thomas MacCarthy, Matthew D. Scharff, Nicholas Chiorazzi
Journal: Blood (2012)
The prognostic implications of acute myocardial infarct scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate.
Authors: B L Holman, R J Chisholm, E Braunwald
Journal: Circulation (1978)

The predictive value of the myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate was studied in 100 patients admitted to the coronary care unit with suspected acute myocardial infarction. None of the 21 patients with normal scintigrams had acute myocardial infraction by other criteria. Fifty-five percent of patients with diffuse uptake (pattern B), 73% of patients with focal uptake (pattern C) and all patients with intense focal uptake (pattern D) and massive uptake (pattern E) had acute infarction. The complication rate in the hospital and after discharge (mean followup: 6.1 months) for patients with pattern E was 88% compared to 42% for D, 30% for C, 36% for B and 10% for patients with normal scintigrams (A). For patients with acute infarction with patterns C, D and E, the complication rate rose with increasing size of the myocardial uptake of 99mTc-pyrophosphate. In addition to its diagnostic potential, scintigraphy provides prognostic information which is useful for patient triage and for therapeutic decisions early in the evolution of the infarct.
Subchronic toxicity of chlorine dioxide and related compounds in drinking water in the nonhuman primate.
Authors: J P Bercz, L Jones, L Garner, D Murray, D A Ludwig, J Boston
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Subchronic toxicities of ClO2, NaClO2, NaClO3 and NH2Cl were studied in the African Green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). The chemicals were administered in drinking water during 30-60 days subchronic rising dose protocols. The only unexpected and significant toxic effect was elicited by ClO2; this chemical inhibited thyroid metabolism in the animals at a dose of ca. 9.0 mg/kg/day. A statistically significant decrease of serum thyroxine occurred after the fourth week of exposure to 100 mg/l.concentration. The extent of thyroid suppression was dose dependent in each individual monkey, and was reversible after cessation of exposure. NaClO2 and NaClO3 failed to elicit similar effects in doses up to ca. 60 mg/kg/day. Also, NaClO4 or NH2Cl did not cause T-4 suppression in doses of 10 mg/kg/day. The selective thyroid effect of ClO2 was unexplained and it appeared to be paradoxical since ClO2 was rapidly reduced by the oral and gastric secretions to nonoxidizing species (presumably Cl-). No evidence of thyroid effects were detected in the serum of human volunteers who ingested approximately 1 mg/l. of ClO2 in drinking water as a result of routine use in the community water treatment process. Sodium chlorite induced dose-dependent oxidative stress on hematopoesis, causing decreased hemoglobin and red cell count and increased methemoglobin content. At the same time, serum transaminase (SGPT) levels showed significant subclinical elevation. The hematologic effects of NaClO2 rebounded during exposure indicating compensatory hemopoietic activity taking effect during oxidative stress. Sodium chlorate and chloramine did not induce detectable hematologic changes in the animals.
ULTRACENTRIFUGATION STUDIES OF YELLOW FEVER VIRUS
Authors: Edward G. Pickels, Johannes H. Bauer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

1. It was possible to study in the ultracentrifuge by optical methods the behavior of yellow fever virus particles directly in the unaltered serum from infected monkeys. 2. The virus showed an extremely high light absorption in the spectral range of 320 to 440 mmicro, which seemed to be its intrinsic property. In a 1 cm. thickness of fluid, the small amount of virus present in unaltered infective serum absorbed about as much light (approximately 25 per cent) in the middle of this range as did all the normal serum proteins present in a combined concentration some 1000 times as great. 3. The concentration of virus in the unaltered serum was found to be of the order of 0.00005 gm. per cc. 1 cc. of a 10(-9) dilution, which, as has been shown, may constitute a minimal infective dose for monkeys, would contain approximately 10,000 virus particles. The probability that most of the virus particles were in the inactive form is discussed. 4. In infective serum having a viscosity of 14 millipoises, the particles sediment with a blurred boundary at rates lying between approximately 18 and 30 x 10(-13) cm./sec./dyne. Evidence indicates that this spread is the result of an aggregation or association phenomenon. 5. Computations of size are in approximate agreement with those made from ultrafiltration studies. On the assumption that the density of the virus particle is near that of protein, its volume is computed to be at least that of a spherical particle having a diameter of 12 mmicro. An assumed density of 1.15 gm. per cc. yields a diameter of 19 mmicro, considering the shape as spherical.
In vivo eradication of MLL/ENL leukemia cells by NK cells in the absence of adaptive immunity
Authors: J Nakata, K Nakano, A Okumura, Y Mizutani, H Kinoshita, M Iwai, K Hasegawa, S Morimoto, F Fujiki, N Tatsumi, H Nakajima, Y Nakae, S Nishida, A Tsuboi, Y Oji, Y Oka, H Sugiyama, A Kumanogoh, N Hosen
Journal: Leukemia (2013)