tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-191: Astrocytes promote colonization of human brain with breast cancer cells via inhibition of KISS1 expression
Authors: Ilya V. Ulasov, Natalya V. Kaverina, JG Yoon, Hwahyung Lee, Purvaba Sarvaiya, Dmitry Malin, Vincent L. Cryns, Danny R. Welch, Charles K. Cobbs
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction: KISS1 metastatic suppressor is a negative regulator of tumor progression. Recently, we described that breast cancer metastatic cells to the brain exhibit much lower level of KISS1 expression detected by real time PCR and IHC. However little is known about the mechanism that regulates KISS1 in the brain metastatic cells and promotes brain metastases. We hypothesized that loss of KISS1 allows persistence of metastatic cells in the brain. Results: Given the fact that some migrating breast cancer cells possess stem cells (CSC) properties, we stained the primary breast cancer and brain metastatic clinical specimens contain breast cancer cells using CD24, CD44, ESA1 and KISS1 markers. We observed that in the brain metastases, the CSC exhibit low/lack of KISS1 expression, whereas in the MDA-MB-231 model, blood derived circulating cells express comparative to primary xenografts level of KiSS1 expression. Then we co-cultured MDA-231-Br or CN34Br cells with either human microglia (HM) or human astrocytes (HA) to determine the conditions that affect KISS1 expression. We observed that primary human astrocytes downregulate the expression of KISS1, whereas HM conditional media had little effect. Furthermore, we detected that inhibition of KISS1 expression in breast metastatic cells is dependent on the expression of chemokines such CCL2 and CXCL12. This effect was dose dependent and required activation of cellular signaling in the tumor cells. Our data demonstrate that interaction of breast cancer cells with astrocytes inhibits KISS1 metastatic suppressor and contributes to tumorigenesis. Conclusions: Our results provide a new insight into the mechanism that promotes brain metastases, and may have implications for the treatment and prevention of brain metastases. Citation Format: Ilya V. Ulasov, Natalya V. Kaverina, JG Yoon, Hwahyung Lee, Purvaba Sarvaiya, Dmitry Malin, Vincent L. Cryns, Danny R. Welch, Charles K. Cobbs. Astrocytes promote colonization of human brain with breast cancer cells via inhibition of KISS1 expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-191. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-191
Infectious granuloma caused by <i> <scp>B</scp> urkholderia fungorum </i> confirmed by laser‐capture microdissection and polymerase chain reaction
Authors: R. Zhang, Y. Ran, Y. Dai, H. Yang, H. Zhang, Y. Lu, L. Wang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Funding sources: This work was partly supported by the Specialized Research fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20050610058) and by Project 30570095 of the National Natural Science Foundation of China. Conflicts of interest: None declared. Dear Editor, Burkholderia bacteria are Gram‐negative, aerobic, rod‐shaped bacteria, which are commonly found in soil and groundwater worldwide. Burkholderia bacteria are pathogens to both humans and plants. Infections are believed to occur mostly by inoculation of organisms through puncture wounds in the skin and exposure to contaminated groundwater or soil.1 Samples of the species Burkholderia fungorum, which exists in soils and plant roots, were isolated in 2001 from the environment and clinical samples from humans and animals.2 B. fungorum has also been described as a biodegrader of several chemicals.3 Infections have rarely been found in humans; however, here we present an extremely rare case of infectious granuloma caused by B. fungorum. A 26‐year‐old man visited our clinic with a history (> 2 years) of painless swelling in the left posterior axillary fold accompanied by ulceration, suppuration and sinus discharge. The patient had suffered a rose‐thorn puncture wound at the site of the lesion 5 years previously, with swelling appearing 3 years after the initial wound followed by progressive enlargement. Despite two operations for removal, the swelling reappeared on both occasions. Following a diagnosis of sporotrichosis, the patient was treated with oral potassium iodide solution and terbinafine plus thermotherapy for > 1 month with little improvement.
Defective Serotonin (5‐HT) Transport Mechanism in Platelets from Patients with Endogenous and Allergic Asthma
Authors: R. Malmgren, J. Grubbströum, P. Olsson, H. Theorell, G. Tornling, G. Unge
Journal: Allergy (1982)

The kinetics of the 5‐HT‐uptake by platelets in platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and PRP diluted with autologous platelet‐poor plasma (PRP/PPP) were determined in normal subjects, patients with asymptomatic exogenous asthma and those with symptomatic endogenous asthma. In normal subjects the 5‐HT‐uptake by platelets strictly obeyed Michaelis‐Menten's kinetics. In patients with asymptomatic exogenous asthma, the active 5‐HT‐transport was moderately distorted in PRP and severely altered in PRP/PPP. Patients with symptomatic endogenous asthma exhibited already in PRP a dramatic transport disturbance. The alteration of the active 5‐HT‐transport was characterized by increasing uptake inhibition by rising 5‐HT concentrations in plasma. This phenomenon could be due to changes in the platelet environment, defects in the platelet membrane or intrinsic platelet disorders. It is concluded that asthmatics have a genetically or later acquired platelet disorder, which is more clearly observed in patients with symptomatic endogenous asthma than in those with asymptomatic exogenous asthma.
Microneedle Biosensor for Real‐Time Electrical Detection of Nitric Oxide for In Situ Cancer Diagnosis During Endomicroscopy
Authors: Do Hee Keum, Ho Sang Jung, Taejun Wang, Myeong Hwan Shin, Young‐Eun Kim, Ki Hean Kim, G‐One Ahn, Sei Kwang Hahn
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

A dual-diagnostic system of endom­icroscope and microneedle sensor is developed to demonstrate high-resolution imaging combined with electrical real-time detection of NO released from cancer tissues. The dual-diagnostic system can be a new platform for facile, precise, rapid, and accurate detection of cancers in various biomedical applications. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Do not resuscitate, or fly
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Do not resuscitate, or flyUnless you're an economist, health economics is likely to leave you cold.But as Stuart Peacock and colleagues remind us this week (p 482), needs will always outstrip resources.So however hard it is to prioritise, that's what we have to do.Their essay offers help to doctors and managers wanting to make practical and ethical decisions about priorities.Their recipe for more holistic resource management includes clear objectives, ownership of decisions, and transparency.These building blocks take time for careful thought, something that is often in short supply when dealing with acutely ill patients.All the more reason to have clear policies in place so that health professionals don't have to make hard decisions in the heat of the moment.Without these, there is a tendency to intervene even where this may be hopeless.Simon Conroy and colleagues (p 479) argue that resuscitating frail elderly people is rarely successful, especially in residential care homes, and it diverts resources from other aspects of care.It can also cause indignity at death for the patient and distress to staff.They say that current UK guidelines, which presume that patients should be resuscitated unless they have clearly requested otherwise, are inappropriate where success is so unlikely.Asking what patients want should be easy, but doing this when it is most relevant-during acute admission to hospital-turns out to be hard.Helen
Severity of tubulointerstitial inflammation and prognosis in immunoglobulin A nephropathy
Authors: J.M. Myllymäki, T.T. Honkanen, J.T. Syrjänen, H.J. Helin, I.S. Rantala, A.I. Pasternack, J.T. Mustonen
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Safer prescribing for prisoners
Authors: M. Levy
Journal: BMJ (2012)

New guidance fails to deal properly with this complex area of practice

Most prisoner health services in developed countries are modelled on primary care, with nurse led health services. Prescribed drugs are a major component of clinical practice within prisons and usually form the central point of contact between the patient and prescribing medical staff; however, little information is available on how much care centres around prescribed drugs and the nuances of patient care in prisons. Much that supports the care of prisoners is excluded from public scrutiny because of generalised fears of disclosure of “in confidence” information. This impedes peer review and leaves a substantial void in an important area of primary care.

The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare is developing a surveillance system for prisoners in that country.1 A survey conducted in 2010 showed that 40% of prisoners were prescribed drugs—on average 2.3 drugs per person—and that women were more likely to be medicated than men (47% v 39%). Antidepressants and mood stabilisers accounted for 18% of repeat prescriptions and anti-inflammatory drugs for 12%.

Drug seeking behaviours in prison populations are underpinned to a large extent by psychological trauma, neuropathic pain, dependence on pain relief drugs, dependence on illicit drugs, …
USE OF HYBRID ANTIBODY WITH ANTI-γG AND ANTI-FERRITIN SPECIFICITIES IN LOCATING CELL SURFACE ANTIGENS BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: Ulrich Hämmerling, Tadao Aoki, Etienne de Harven, Edward A. Boyse, Lloyd J. Old
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

Hybrid antibody [F(ab')2] with dual specificity for mouse γG and ferritin was prepared from the corresponding rabbit antisera, providing a precise reagent for locating mouse γG on cell surfaces. Viable cells were exposed successively to (a) mouse antibody to a cell surface antigen, (b) the rabbit hybrid antibody, and (c) ferritin, before preparation for electron microscopy. This method of See PDF for Structure. labeling is sensitive and specific and clearly lends itself to the introduction of visual markers other than ferritin. Other advantages are uniformity of labeling, ease of purification of the reagent, and circumvention of the many drawbacks arising from coupling ferritin to antibody chemically.
Prognosis of peripheral lung tumours related to size of the primary.
Authors: T Treasure, J R Belcher
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Three hundred and fourteen cases of peripheral lung tumours managed surgically over a 15-year period have been analysed to re-examine the effect of tumour size on the probability of survival up to five years after operation. The cases were classified into four groups according to the size of the primary. There was a significant inverse relationship between tumour size and five-year survival over the four groups (p less than 0.05) but this relationship did not hold for the largest tumours. The tumours over 6 cm did no worse than the group one size smaller (4.5-6.0 cm). Analysis of the survival in each group revealed a different pattern of annual loss in the largest tumours which suggested that this group included carcinomas self-selected for less metastatic potential. The peripheral tumours as a whole included more undifferentiated but fewer small cell carcinomas than the overall chest clinic figures. Within the peripheral tumours squamous carcinomas became more common and adenocarcinomas less common with increasing size. No small cell or adenocarcinomas were found among the five-year survivors in the large tumour group. Because 20% of patients with tumours over 6 cm lived for five years in this group of 314 patients we do not believe that they should be excluded from operative treatment on the basis of size alone.
The effects of retinoids and terbinafine on the human hepatic microsomal metabolism of cyclosporin
Authors: I. ALI SHAH, P.H. WHITING, G. OMAR, A.D. ORMEROD, M.D. BURKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Following the observation of increased trough whole blood cyclosporin A (CyA) concentrations and reduced renal function in a patient with recalcitrant generalized pustular psoriasis treated with a combination of CyA and etretinate. the effect of vitamin A analogues on human microsomal cytochrome P450-dependent CyA metabolism was investigated in vitro. In addition, the effect of terbinafine, a new allylamine antifungal agent, was also tested. Etretinate, its major metabolite acitretin. and isotretinoin, each at a single concentration of 100 μ, inhibited total hepatic microsomal CyA metabolism to a similar extent (33–45%, compared with control values). The generation of total primary and total secondary CyA metabolites was also inhibited to a similar extent by each of the retinoids. Conversely, terbinafine was without significant effect on CyA metabolism in vitro. The results, which suggest that inhibition of hepatic CyA metabolism by retinoids may contribute to increased circulating CyA concentrations, are discussed in relation to other potential drug interactions, and to the use of etretinate in reducing the CyA administered dose.
High pH reduces DNA damage caused by bile from patients with familial adenomatous polyposis: antacids may attenuate duodenal polyposis.
Authors: D K Scates, S Venitt, R K Phillips, A D Spigelman
Journal: Gut (1995)

Understanding adverse events (AEs) of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is critical to both patients and clinicians. AEs—"side effects" from the patient perspective—contribute significantly to patients9 disease experience by interfering with activities of daily living and quality of life (QOL).<sup>1</sup>
Prenatal Arsenic Exposure and DNA Methylation in Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood Leukocytes
Authors: Molly L. Kile, Andrea Baccarelli, Elaine Hoffman, Letizia Tarantini, Quazi Quamruzzaman, Mahmuder Rahman, Golam Mahiuddin, Golam Mostofa, Yu-Mei Hsueh, Robert O. Wright, David C. Christiani
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Arsenic is an epigenetic toxicant and could influence fetal developmental programming.We evaluated the association between arsenic exposure and DNA methylation in maternal and umbilical cord leukocytes.Drinking-water and urine samples were collected when women were at ≤ 28 weeks gestation; the samples were analyzed for arsenic using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. DNA methylation at CpG sites in p16 (n = 7) and p53 (n = 4), and in LINE-1 and Alu repetitive elements (3 CpG sites in each), was quantified using pyrosequencing in 113 pairs of maternal and umbilical blood samples. We used general linear models to evaluate the relationship between DNA methylation and tertiles of arsenic exposure.Mean (± SD) drinking-water arsenic concentration was 14.8 ± 36.2 μg/L (range: < 1-230 μg/L). Methylation in LINE-1 increased by 1.36% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52, 2.21%] and 1.08% (95% CI: 0.07, 2.10%) in umbilical cord and maternal leukocytes, respectively, in association with the highest versus lowest tertile of total urinary arsenic per gram creatinine. Arsenic exposure was also associated with higher methylation of some of the tested CpG sites in the promoter region of p16 in umbilical cord and maternal leukocytes. No associations were observed for Alu or p53 methylation.Exposure to higher levels of arsenic was positively associated with DNA methylation in LINE-1 repeated elements, and to a lesser degree at CpG sites within the promoter region of the tumor suppressor gene p16. Associations were observed in both maternal and fetal leukocytes. Future research is needed to confirm these results and determine if these small increases in methylation are associated with any health effects.
1036. Overcoming Suppression of Oligonucleotide-Directed Targeted Gene Repair in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Katie Maguire, Timothy Schwartz, Eric Kmiec
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Modified single-stranded oligonucleotides (MSSOs) activate a DNA damage response pathway within a cell, which will induce a host of cellular changes including a transient stalling of the cell cycle. Proteins that have known functional roles as anti-recombinases and tumor suppressors have been shown to be involved in suppressing the targeted nucleotide exchange (TNE) reaction. P53 and the mismatch repair protein, Msh2, have previously been shown to act as suppressors of the TNE reaction. Since p53 plays a role in the regulation of gene repair, it is essential that we determine the pathway in this mechanism as p53 may act as an antagonist of efficient and stable gene repair. To examine the effects of p53 and its related mutants on the gene repair reaction, we transiently overexpressed wild-type p53 or a DNA-binding domain mutant form [p53 (175H), p53 (273P)] in HCT116 (p53 wild-type) cells and assessed gene repair activity. Additionally, we show that RNAi specifically designed to target MSH2 RNA can be used in conjunction with an MSSO to increase the level of gene repair in MEF cells that have functional Msh2. These proteins may be acting through their role as anti-recombinases or by directly blocking the proliferation of cells that receive oligonucleotide.
Letter to the editor: Management of patients with Ebola virus disease in Europe: high-level isolation units should have a key role
Authors: G Ippolito, V Puro, P Brouqui, F N Lauria, F M Fusco, Collective on behalf of the EuroNHID Consortium
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Preview this article: Letter to the editor: Management of patients with Ebola virus disease in Europe: high-level isolation units should have a key role, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/19/50/art20993-en-1.gif
Famotidine and Hyperpyrexia
Authors: John Norwood
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 April 1990Famotidine and HyperpyrexiaJohn Norwood, MD, Timothy M. Smith, PharmD., Daniel S. Stein, MDJohn Norwood, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Timothy M. Smith, PharmD.Search for more papers by this author, Daniel S. Stein, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-8-632_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: We present the first report of hyperpyrexia secondary to the administration of the new H2-receptor antagonist, famotidine. A MEDLINE search of the literature showed no previous reports of this complication. The package insert for famotidine states only that fever is an infrequent complication with an unclear relation to the administration of the drug. Our patient developed temperatures to 40.5 °C that were temporally related both in onset and resolution to the use of famotidine.A 19-year-old black man was admitted to the Regional Medical Center at Memphis on 26 December 1989 with facial and cranial trauma after...References1. Mackowiak P and LeMaistre C. Drug fever: a critical appraisal of conventional concepts. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:728-33. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Potter H, Bryne E, and Lebovitz S. Fever after cimetidine and ranitidine. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1986;8:275-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Nistico G, Rotiroti D, and deSarvo A. Mechanism of cimetidine induced fever. Lancet. 1978;2:265-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John Norwood, MD; Timothy M. Smith, PharmD.; Daniel S. Stein, MDAffiliations: University of Tennessee, Memphis Department of Medicine Memphis, TN 38163 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFamotidineGastrointestinal drugsClassification and Risk Factors for Drug AllergyAcute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Elderly Persons 15 April 1990Volume 112, Issue 8Page: 632-632KeywordsDrug administrationDrugsFamotidineFeversTemperature ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 April 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Pressurised aerosol deposition in the human lung with and without an "open" spacer device.
Authors: S P Newman, A R Clark, N Talaee, S W Clarke
Journal: Thorax (1989)

A radiotracer technique has been used to assess aerosol delivery from a pressurised metered dose inhaler, used both with and without a 10 cm cylindrical spacer attachment (Syncroner), which has an open section in its upper surface. The radionuclide technetium-99m (99mTc) was added to sodium cromoglycate in a canister (Intal inhaler; 1 mg/puff); in vitro studies with a multistage liquid impinger showed that the radiolabel acted as a marker for the presence of drug over a wide range of particle sizes. Ten healthy volunteers were studied after they had inhaled from (1) a metered dose inhaler alone (slow inhaled flow rate, about 25 l/min); (2) metered dose inhaler plus spacer (slow flow rate); and (3) metered dose inhaler plus spacer (fast inhaled flow rate, about 100 l/min). Inhalation was coordinated with firing the spray and was followed by 10 seconds9 breath holding. With the metered dose inhaler alone a mean 11.0% (SEM 1.4%) of the dose reached the lungs, compared with significantly higher doses for slow (16.1% (2.2%] and fast (13.3% (1.7%] inhalations through the spacer. The distribution pattern within the lungs was significantly more peripheral after slow inhalation. Oropharyngeal deposition was halved by the spacer. The open spacer should teach patients good coordination and delivers more aerosol to the lungs than a correctly used metered dose inhaler.
Effector Function of CD34+ Hemopoietic Progenitor Cells in Allergic Inflammation
Authors: Z. Allakhverdi, M.R. Comeau, D.E. Smith, D. Toy, L. Mfuna Endam, M. Desrosiers, K.J. Howie, J.A. Denburg, G.M. Gauvreau, G.J.T. Delespesse
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
The Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: JAMES S. COLE, ROBERT E. WILLS, L. C. WINTERSCHEID, DENNIS D. REICHENBACH, J. R. BLACKMON
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Two patients with WPW syndrome underwent surgery to ablate accessory conduction pathways. Endocardial and epicardial mapping in both patients had indicated an area of early right ventricular depolarization. Surgical transection of the areas of early depolarization failed in both cases to normalize the electrocardiogram. In the first patient, additional resection in the area of the A-V node failed to produce heart block and the ECG remained abnormal. However, the paroxysmal tachycardia ceased, and she has remained asymptomatic and active 12 months after surgery. In the second patient, as the A-V node was about to be sectioned, pressure and procaine near the A-V node caused the ECG to normalize transiently and after resection permanently. Microscopic study of this tissue showed "P cells." Postoperatively the patient demonstrated normal A-V nodal function. He was discharged with a normal ECG but expired soon after discharge. Postmortem examination of the heart demonstrated the A-V node and bundle of His plus the location of the resection adjacent to the bundle of His. These two cases illustrate disparities between electrophysiologic mapping and actual site of the accessory conduction pathway. In one of the cases an accessory bundle was demonstrated histologically.