tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal abnormalities in sickle cell disease
Authors: Kenneth I. Ataga, Eugene P. Orringer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Sickle cell anemia and the related hemoglobinopathies are associated with a large spectrum of renal abnormalities. The patients have impaired urinary concentrating ability, defects in urinary acidification and potassium excretion, and supranormal proximal tubular function. The latter is manifest by increased secretion of creatinine and by reabsorption of phosphorus and β2-microglobulin. Young patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have supranormal renal hemodynamics with elevations in both effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These parameters decrease with age as well as following the administration of prostaglandin inhibitors. Proteinuria, a common finding in adults with sickle cell disease, may progress to the nephrotic syndrome. Proteinuria, hypertension, and increasing anemia predict end-stage renal disease (ESRD). While ESRD can be managed by dialysis and/or renal transplantation, there may be an increased rate of complications in renal transplant recipients with SCD. Hematuria is seen in individuals with all of the SCDs as well as with sickle cell trait. In most cases the etiology of the hematuria turns out to be benign. However, there does appear to be an increased association between SCD and renal medullary carcinoma. Therefore, those SCD patients who present with hematuria should initially undergo a thorough evaluation in order to exclude this aggressive neoplasm. Papillary necrosis may occur due to medullary ischemia and infarction. Erythropoietin levels are usually lower than expected for their degree of anemia and decrease further as renal function deteriorates. An abnormal balance of renal prostaglandins may be responsible for some of the changes in sickle cell nephropathy. Acute renal failure is a component of the acute multiorgan failure syndrome (MOFS). Finally, progression of sickle cell nephropathy to ESRD may be slowed by adequate control of hypertension and proteinuria. However, the prevention of the renal complications of SCD will require a cure for this genetic disorder. Am. J. Hematol. 63:205–211, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Impaired Systolic Function by Strain Imaging in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Elisabeth Kraigher-Krainer, Amil M. Shah, Deepak K. Gupta, Angela Santos, Brian Claggett, Burkert Pieske, Michael R. Zile, Adriaan A. Voors, Marty P. Lefkowitz, Milton Packer, John J.V. McMurray, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Osteoarthritis and articular chondrocalcinosis in the elderly.
Authors: E Wilkins, P Dieppe, P Maddison, G Evison
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

One hundred consecutive admissions to an acute geriatric unit were examined for clinical and radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (OA) and articular chondrocalcinosis (ACC). Thirty-four patients had ACC. This was age related, the prevalence rising from 15% in patients aged 65-74 years to 44% in patients over 84 years. The commonly involved joints were the knee (25%), public symphysis (15%), and wrist (9%). No other aetiological factors predisposing to ACC were found. Of the 25 patients with ACC in the knee 7 had no symptoms or signs and no radiographic evidence of OA at that site. However, the combination of ACC and radiographic OA was characterised by an increase in clinical joint disease. Features of inflammation (joint swelling and joint line tenderness) involving the knee, wrist, and elbow were particularly common in ACC. It is concluded that ACC is common in the elderly and is associated with an increased incidence of joint disease.
University of Hong Kong's former dean of medicine is jailed
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Lam Shiu-kum, the former dean of the Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine at the University of Hong Kong, has been sentenced to 25 months in jail after pleading guilty to misconduct in public office.

The misconduct involved inducing 12 patients who were treated at Queen Mary Hospital, the university’s teaching facility, to pay what appeared to be medical bills issued by the university and the hospital but were payable to Gastrointestinal Research, a company wholly owned by Professor Lam.

In addition to these payments—which totalled $HK130 000 (£10 000; €12 000; $17 000)—three patients made total donations of $HK3.8m to the same company. None of the patients were told that …
Repair of Tissues by Adult Stem/Progenitor Cells (MSCs): Controversies, Myths, and Changing Paradigms
Authors: Darwin J Prockop
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Research on MSCs was initially stimulated by the ease with which they were isolated by their adherence to tissue culture surfaces and their ability to differentiate. In spite of intensive research by hundreds of investigators, there are still major limitations in our protocols for isolating and characterizing the cells, particularly as the cells are expanded in culture. Also, we have a limited understanding of their normal biological functions and how they participate in the repair of tissues. Therefore, we are largely at a loss to explain the beneficial effects that have been repeatedly observed after administration of the cells in animal models for disease and in some patients. In effect, we are forced to work in a reverse direction from most research, i.e., from the beneficial effects observed in vivo to the cellular and molecular mechanisms to explain them. The end of the story is difficult to predict. We still do not know the limits of the usefulness of MSCs in clinical medicine. It is possible that other types of cells such as endothelial cells, or alternatively activated macrophages, mast cells, or dendritic cells may produce the same or greater therapeutic benefits as MSCs. It is also possible that therapies with the proteins or cytokines produced by activated MSCs or related cells may be more practical than cell therapies. However, they may be singularly powerful therapeutic agents. We cannot exclude the possibility that MSCs may have a unique ability to monitor the microenvironment of injured tissues and respond appropriately.
The Great Impostor
Authors: Douglas H. Morgan
Journal: JAMA (1976)

DISEASE of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is commonly undiagnosed or misdiagnosed because it mimics many different diseases and has such a wide variety of symptoms. According to Nathan Allen Shore, DDS, in the October 1970 issue of<i>Dental Survey</i>, The resultant syndrome, with its varied and seemingly unrelated areas of pain and muscle spasm, presents one of the most baffling diagnostic problems encountered by the dental and medical professions. Although it has been estimated that more than 20% of the population is afflicted with some form of TMJ dysfunction, the condition is misdiagnosed in a majority of cases. These patients belong to that segment of society who wander from specialist to specialist, seeking relief from nagging head pain. In many of these individuals, the symptoms become self-limiting; in others, this does not occur. These are the persons who go from doctor to doctor with a multitude of seemingly unrelated symptoms.
The Laboratory Diagnosis of the Carrier State for Classic Hemophilia
Authors: Oscar D. Ratnoff, Paul K. Jones
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Estimation of the titer of procoagulant antihemophilic factor (AHF) and the concentration of AHF-like antigens, as detected by heterologous antiserum, provides a method for diagnosis of the carrier state of classic hemophilia. Among 87 obligate carriers, 82, or 94%, could be identified as carriers by logarithmic discriminant analysis because the titer of procoagulant AHF was disproportionately lower than the concentration of AHF-like antigens relative to normal women. Women who were the mothers of individuals with isolated cases of hemophilia appeared to be carriers in at least 85% of cases, suggesting that the frequency of cases due to fresh mutations is low. The validity of the techniques used is supported by the frequency with which the carrier state was recognized in daughters of hemophiliacs who themselves had no sons. Corrected for the known error of the method, 48% of 75 such daughters appeared to be carriers, not significantly different from their anticipated chance of 50%.
Hyperinfection Syndrome with Strongyloides Stercoralis in Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: M. Adam, O. Morgan, C. Persaud, W. N. Gibbs
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis occurred in three patients with malignant lymphoma. The probable cause in each case was alteration of the immune responses either as a result of the malignant lymphoma or by the treatment given. Though thiabendazole (Mintezol) has produced reasonable results in the treatment of the hyperinfection syndrome, preliminary data suggest that the new broad-spectrum anthelmintic levamisole (Ketrax) is more effective. All patients who live or have lived in an area where strongyloidiasis is endemic should be investigated to detect the presence of the nematode before and during treatment with drugs with immunosuppressive properties. In view of the high mortality with S. stercoralis hyperinfection, vigorous therapy should be instituted before the use of immunosuppressive drugs.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Elderly and High-Risk Adults
Authors: Ann R. Falsey, Patricia A. Hennessey, Maria A. Formica, Christopher Cox, Edward E. Walsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an increasingly recognized cause of illness in adults. Data on the epidemiology and clinical effects in community-dwelling elderly persons and high-risk adults can help in assessing the need for vaccine development.During four consecutive winters, we evaluated all respiratory illnesses in prospective cohorts of healthy elderly patients (> or =65 years of age) and high-risk adults (those with chronic heart or lung disease) and in patients hospitalized with acute cardiopulmonary conditions. RSV infection and influenza A were diagnosed on the basis of culture, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and serologic studies.A total of 608 healthy elderly patients and 540 high-risk adults were enrolled in prospective surveillance, and 1388 hospitalized patients were enrolled. A total of 2514 illnesses were evaluated. RSV infection was identified in 102 patients in the prospective cohorts and 142 hospitalized patients, and influenza A was diagnosed in 44 patients in the prospective cohorts and 154 hospitalized patients. RSV infection developed annually in 3 to 7 percent of healthy elderly patients and in 4 to 10 percent of high-risk adults. Among healthy elderly patients, RSV infection generated fewer office visits than influenza; however, the use of health care services by high-risk adults was similar in the two groups. In the hospitalized cohort, RSV infection and influenza A resulted in similar lengths of stay, rates of use of intensive care (15 percent and 12 percent, respectively), and mortality (8 percent and 7 percent, respectively). On the basis of the diagnostic codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification at discharge, RSV infection accounted for 10.6 percent of hospitalizations for pneumonia, 11.4 percent for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 5.4 percent for congestive heart failure, and 7.2 percent for asthma.RSV infection is an important illness in elderly and high-risk adults, with a disease burden similar to that of nonpandemic influenza A in a population in which the prevalence of vaccination for influenza is high. An effective RSV vaccine may offer benefits for these adults.
RETICULOHISTIOCYTOMA ("GANGLIONEUROMA") OF THE SKIN.
Authors: FREDERICK G. ZAK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1950)

Journal Article RETICULOHISTIOCYTOMA ("GANGLIONEUROMA") OF THE SKIN. Get access FREDERICK G. ZAK, M.D. FREDERICK G. ZAK, M.D. Department of Dermatology and Syphilology of the New York University Post‐Graduate Medical School (Dr. Marion B. Sulzberger, Chairman) and the Skin and Cancer Unit of the New York University Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 62, Issue 9, 1 September 1950, Pages 351–355, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1950.tb15475.x Published: 01 September 1950
Home Thoughts from Abroad
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE modern international congress has developed into a remarkable phenomenon. It seems that it is only necessary to announce that such a congress will be held and an ever increasing number of participants (and their followers) will signify their intention to make the journey from ever increasingly distant parts of the world. Furthermore, the facilities for rapid transport have produced a situation in which the traveling time is often inversely related to the distance traveled. Thus, the delegate from Tokyo or San Francisco who avails himself of the services of one of the world's jet airliners may well arrive in . . .
Can early precut implementation reduce endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related complication risk? Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: V. Cennamo, L. Fuccio, R. Zagari, L. Eusebi, L. Ceroni, L. Laterza, C. Fabbri, F. Bazzoli
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

See also: Commentaire de travail de V. Cennamo et al., pp. 381Endoscopy 2010; 42(05): 434-434DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291857
No influence of gene polymorphism of LCT (C13910T) on transplantation outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia patients who received transplantations from HLA-identical sibling donors
Authors: Ahmet H. Elmaagacli, Nina Steckel, Markus Ditschkowski, Yael Hegerfeldt, Hellmut Ottinger, Rudolf Trenschel, Dietrich W. Beelen
Journal: Blood (2010)
Increased incidence of cancer and asthma in houses built on a former dump area.
Authors: E Pukkala, A Pönkä
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Twelve blockhouses were built in Helsinki in the 1970s on a former dump area containing industrial and household waste. We investigated whether the exposure to landfill caused cancer or other chronic diseases in the inhabitants of these houses. From the Population Register, we identified 2,000 persons who had ever lived in houses built on the dump area and a similar reference cohort from similar houses elsewhere in Helsinki. We identified their cancer cases from the Cancer Registry, and the other chronic diseases eligible for free medication from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution. At the end of 1998, 88 cases of cancer had been diagnosed, whereas the expected number based on the incidence rates among all inhabitants of Helsinki was 76.1. The excess cases were entirely attributable to males and to follow-up >or= 5 years after moving into the dump area [standardized incidence ratio (SIR) in this category, 1.61; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-2.24], and they were distributed evenly over primary sites. The relative risk increased slightly with the number of years lived in the area. The relative risk of cancer between the dump area and reference houses was 1.50 (1.08-2.09), similar in both sexes. Of the other chronic diseases, the SIRs for asthma (1.63; CI, 1.27-2.07) and chronic pancreatitis (19.3; CI, 2.34-69.7) were significantly increased. The possibility of a causal association between dump exposure and incidence of cancer and asthma cannot be fully excluded. The Helsinki City Council decided to demolish the houses in the dump area, and most houses have already been destroyed.
Narrow‐band ultraviolet B (TL‐01) phototherapy is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with severe seborrhoeic dermatitis
Authors: D. Pirkhammer, A. Seeber, H. Hönigsmann, A. Tanew
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a common papulosquamous dermatosis affecting 2-10% of the adult population. Current treatment options are limited and not always satisfactory. Objectives We aimed to investigate the efficacy of narrow-band ultraviolet (UV) B (TL-01) phototherapy as an alternative treatment for seborrhoeic dermatitis.Eighteen patients with severe disease were enrolled in an open prospective study. Treatment was given three times weekly until complete clearing or to a maximum of 8 weeks. A clinical score assessing erythema, scaling, infiltration and pruritus was performed at baseline and every 2 weeks thereafter. Additionally, the patients were asked to rate the intensity of pruritus on a visual analogue scale. After completion of the study the patients were followed up to determine the median time interval until recurrence.All patients responded favourably to treatment, with six showing complete clearance and 12 marked improvement. The median clinical score decreased from 7.5 (range 4-8) at baseline to 0.5 (range 0-3) after 8 weeks of treatment (P = 0.005). The median pruritus score decreased from 4.5 (range 0-8) at baseline to 0 (range 0-3) at week 8 (P = 0.008). Relapses occurred in all patients after a median of 21 days (range 12-40). No side-effects of treatment were observed except occasional episodes of a moderate erythemal response.Narrow-band UVB phototherapy appears to be a very effective and safe treatment option for patients with severe seborrhoeic dermatitis.
Early Dynamic Versus Late Static Lymphoscintigraphy for the Identification of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer
Authors: Lars J Petersen, Rikke D Pedersen, Susanne Skindhøj, Sara Hasseriis, Helle M Hvid
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is an established method for the identification of early breast cancer metastases. SLN lymphoscintigraphy is pivotal in many cases, but the diagnostic value of early dynamic versus late static imaging procedures remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of early dynamic versus late static imaging in the identification of SLN in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 104 consecutive female patients who were referred for SLN scintigraphy prior to breast cancer surgery were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent both a 20-minute dynamic lymphoscintigraphy and a 2-hour static acquisition. The images were independently evaluated for the presence, location, and numbers of SLN and echelon nodes in a blinded and random manner by 2 trained observers. Any discrepancy was solved by a third party arbitrator. Results: SLN was identified in 101 of 104 (97%) patients on the static images versus 41 of 104 (39%) of the patients based on the dynamic acquisition. The combined use of dynamic and static images did not increase the diagnostic performance versus late lymphoscintigraphy alone. Conclusions: Identification of SLN by lymphoscintigraphy in breast cancer can be performed using a 2-hour static image alone.
How to Succeed in the Practice of Medicine.
Authors: Wm. L. Rodman
Journal: JAMA (1903)

However much and justly we may exalt medical teaching of to-day when we recall what it was twenty, even ten, years ago, the candid must admit that the student still leaves college, in some respects, poorly equipped for the successful practice of medicine. All can not serve as resident physicians in a large hospital where every variety of disease will be shown, explained and successfully treated. All can not have the opportunity to observe and associate with leaders, perhaps masters, in the profession and study them as well as their cases, and in this way understand and appreciate why they have been successful socially, professionally and financially. All should have what few, if any, schools give their classes, a more practical insight into the business side of our profession—for are we not business as well as scientific men and women? True it is that most schools give a so-called course
Tuberculosis of the Tongue
Authors: Rose Ann Weaver
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A GRANULOMATOUS abscess of the tongue as the presenting feature of pulmonary tuberculosis is very unusual, with only a few cases having been reported in the literature.<sup>1-4</sup>We report such a case. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> Approximately July 1, 1974, a 54-year-old man noted a painful ulcerating lesion on the tip of his tongue. Over the next four weeks the lesion enlarged, and he sought medical attention. His private physician prescribed an oral medication for one week. The lesion continued to progress and on July 8, his physician referred him to the Augusta Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital with an admitting diagnosis of carcinoma of the tongue. The lesion measured 3×2 cm. It had an ulcerating appearance, with surrounding erythema. Routine culture of the lesion yielded α-hemolytic<i>Streptococcus</i>only. A biopsy specimen showed an "intense granulomatous process with tuberculoid reaction, Langhans giant cells, and epithelioid cells," with the final diagnosis
Relationship of the lytic state to successful reperfusion with standard- and low-dose intracoronary streptokinase.
Authors: R L Rothbard, P G Fitzpatrick, C W Francis, D M Caton, W B Hood, V J Marder
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The influence of a systemic lytic state on reperfusion obtained after intracoronary streptokinase (SK) therapy has been evaluated in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction and complete coronary occlusion. Coronary angiographic studies and measurements of blood fibrinolytic parameters were repeated at 15 min intervals during the infusion of a standard dose of SK and were compared with the results with approximately one-tenth the standard dose. Successful reperfusion was obtained in only 20% (2/10) of patients receiving the low dose, compared with a 75% to 80% success rate in patients receiving the standard dose as initial treatment (4/5) or as follow-up treatment of patients in whom low-dose therapy failed (6/8). There was a striking association between reperfusion and development of the lytic state in that all 12 treatments resulting in reperfusion also caused a lytic state and all seven treatments that failed to produce a lytic state also failed to induce reperfusion (p less than .001). Among the successfully treated patients, the dose of SK that induced a lytic state was relatively constant. However, coronary arterial thrombi differed in susceptibility to treatment. Sensitive thrombi (5/12) dissolved before the lytic state occurred and at a lower SK dose than that needed to cause a lytic state; more resistant thrombi (7/12) required a longer time and a significantly larger SK dose to dissolve. These results indicate that intrinsic properties of the thrombus influence the rate and outcome of treatment and that a minimal dose of SK (about 200,000 U) is required to ensure lasting reperfusion in susceptible patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
1101 THE EFFECT OF RENAL IMPAIRMENT AND END STAGE RENAL DISEASE ON THE SINGLE-DOSE PHARMACOKINETICS OF PSI-7977
Authors: M.T. Cornpropst, J.M. Denning, D. Clemons, T.C. Marbury, H. Alcorn, W.B. Smith, M. Sale, L. Fang, M.M. Berrey, W.T. Symonds
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Intravascular ultrasound imaging of saphenous vein grafts in vitro: Comparison with histologic and quantitative angiographic findings
Authors: John E. Willard, Dymphna Netto, Saba E. Demian, Don R. Haagen, M.Elizabeth Brickner, Eric J. Eichhorn, Paul A. Grayburn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)