tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GENERAL MEDICAL PRACTICE AND THE MEDICAL CURRICULUM
Authors: J. M. M. Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1927)

A diet suitable for a boy of 5 or 6 wlho tends to have liverish or gastric attacks at intervals should be along these lines.On waking he should have a glass of orange, grapefruit, or grape juice, sweetened with four' lunlmps of sugar.Breakfast, half an hour to an hour later, should consist of some cereal, such as porridge, groats, cream of wheat, puffed rice, or shredded wheat, with a vcrv little milk but well sweetened with sugar.As a second course, on two days in the week he may have an egg, and on four days, crisply done, very thin rashers of bacon, whichl should be fried until the fat has been mainly removed an(d allowed to drip, so that a minimiium of grease or fat remains.Fish should be given on one or two mornings.Crisp toast and butter with freshly brewed tea or Horlick's malted milk, or well skimmlled milk and water, equal parts, one cupful only, complete the meal.Nothing shouild be given all the morning.For dinner-and it is best to have early dinner with these children, say at 12.30-fresh mince or stew, underdone beef or steak or cutlet, should be given on four days in the week, with chicken or fish or brains on three days.A small portion is sufficient.Potato and green vegetables, a tablespoonful of each, should also be given.Milk pudding or stewed fruit, but not suet pudding, should follow, and the child should have water to drink.At tea -4.30 to 5 p.m.-thin bread-and-butter or crisp toast, with stewed fruit, jam, treacle, honey, golden syrup, or a little milk pudding, may be given.The drinks slhould be the same as at breakfast.In wvinter a bowl of soup may be taken at this meal.The child should not have an excess of eggs or cream, much creamy milk, pastry, or suet pudding, chocolate, or cocoa.
Reduced SMAD7 Leads to Overactivation of TGF-β Signaling in MDS that Can Be Reversed by a Specific Inhibitor of TGF-β Receptor I Kinase
Authors: Li Zhou, Christine McMahon, Tushar Bhagat, Cristina Alencar, Yiting Yu, Melissa Fazzari, Davendra Sohal, Christoph Heuck, Krishna Gundabolu, Chun Ng, Yongkai Mo, Wa Shen, Amittha Wickrema, Guanghui Kong, Ellen Friedman, Lubomir Sokol, Giannis Mantzaris, Andrea Pellagatti, Jacqueline Boultwood, Leonidas C. Platanias, Ulrich Steidl, Lei Yan, Jonathan M. Yingling, Michael M. Lahn, Alan List, Markus Bitzer, Amit Verma
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Even though myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, the molecular alterations that lead to marrow failure have not been well elucidated. We have previously shown that the myelosuppressive TGF-β pathway is constitutively activated in MDS progenitors. Because there is conflicting data about upregulation of extracellular TGF-β levels in MDS, we wanted to determine the molecular basis of TGF-β pathway overactivation and consequent hematopoietic suppression in this disease. We observed that SMAD7, a negative regulator of TGF-β receptor I (TBRI) kinase, is markedly decreased in a large meta-analysis of gene expression studies from MDS marrow-derived CD34(+) cells. SMAD7 protein was also found to be significantly decreased in MDS marrow progenitors when examined immunohistochemically in a bone marrow tissue microarray. Reduced expression of SMAD7 in hematopoietic cells led to increased TGF-β-mediated gene transcription and enhanced sensitivity to TGF-β-mediated suppressive effects. The increased TGF-β signaling due to SMAD7 reduction could be effectively inhibited by a novel clinically relevant TBRI (ALK5 kinase) inhibitor, LY-2157299. LY-2157299 could inhibit TGF-β-mediated SMAD2 activation and hematopoietic suppression in primary hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, in vivo administration of LY-2157299 ameliorated anemia in a TGF-β overexpressing transgenic mouse model of bone marrow failure. Most importantly, treatment with LY-2157199 stimulated hematopoiesis from primary MDS bone marrow specimens. These studies demonstrate that reduction in SMAD7 is a novel molecular alteration in MDS that leads to ineffective hematopoiesis by activating of TGF-β signaling in hematopoietic cells. These studies also illustrate the therapeutic potential of TBRI inhibitors in MDS.
Telomerase activity in well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma corrrelates with advanced clinical stage of the disease
Authors: Leticia Bornstein-Quevedo, M. L. García-Hernández, Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo, Miguel F. Herrera, Arturo Angeles Angeles, Ofelia González Treviño, Armando Gamboa-Domínguez
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2003)
Medical and Surgical Dermatology: A Critical Guide to the World Literature
Authors: Barbara A. Carlson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Browsing the world's dermatological literature with the intention of selecting the most important, clinically relevant articles to review and then assimilating their conclusive concepts into practical working knowledge are still giant tasks. Practicing dermatologists, trainees, and academicians still have difficulty accomplishing these tasks, despite increased accessibility to computerized database services. Now there is help from a new, user-friendly review journal,<i>Medical and Surgical Dermatology: A Critical Guide to the World Literature.</i>This product selectively disseminates information in a familiar, portable, reasonably priced, and visually appealing format. This journal serves as a tool for both current awareness and long-term reference. It complements rather than substitutes for peer-reviewed publications. As a "journal hybrid" that reaches beyond basic indexing and abstracting to include original essays and pictorial selections, the journal exhibits a unique composition, which serves several needs at once. At each issue's core are some 100 to 150 highly structured abstracts, which
Getting ethics into practice: Comparing Alder Hey with Tuskegee is not helpful
Authors: Peter J Waugh
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—I am troubled by the moral equivalence implied in the editorial by Parker, who refers to several high profile scandals that have occurred in medicine.1 Citing an instance where prisoners were deliberately infected with syphilis along with the Alder Hey matter raises a very important point about the …
Endotoxaemia in active Crohn's disease. Treatment with whole gut irrigation and 5-aminosalicylic acid.
Authors: W Wellmann, P C Fink, F Benner, F W Schmidt
Journal: Gut (1986)

Endotoxins in plasma were monitored during treatment in 18 patients hospitalised for acute exacerbation of Crohn9s disease: systemic endotoxaemia was found on admission in all but one. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: one receiving treatment with total parenteral nutrition and steroids. To decrease the absorbable endotoxin pool, the other group was additionally treated with whole gut irrigation and 5-aminosalicylic acid was added to the lavage fluid. In most of these patients endotoxaemia cleared after intestinal lavage and they needed shorter hospitalisation. Earlier improvement was also indicated by a faster decrease of the Crohn9s disease activity index and vanHees index. In the group receiving conservative treatment alone, endotoxaemia was controlled within three weeks. We conclude that endotoxaemia occurs in most patients suffering from active Crohn9s disease. Control of endotoxaemia after intestinal lavage suggests that systemic endotoxaemia is caused by absorption of endotoxins from the gut. Earlier improvement after whole gut irrigation indicates its beneficial effect in active Crohn9s disease.
Contribution of nicotine to acute endothelial dysfunction in long-term smokers
Authors: Thomas Neunteufl, Sandra Heher, Karam Kostner, Goran Mitulovic, Stephan Lehr, Gholamali Khoschsorur, Rainer W Schmid, Gerald Maurer, Thomas Stefenelli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Preclinical assessment of a novel small molecule inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)
Authors: Gregory Driessens, Stefano Crosignani, Michel Detheux, Benoît Van den Eynde, Sandra Cauwenberghs
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts iTeos leverages the science of the LICR to target the metabolism of the tumor microenvironment and develops small-molecule inhibitors. Tryptophan catabolism can suppress the anti-tumor immune response through expression of the rate-limiting enzyme IDO1. Local tryptophan reduction
Remarks on the Recent Occurrence of Ague in Young Children in London: Illustrated by Five Cases
Authors: W. B. Cheadle
Journal: BMJ (1878)

the conclusion at which Bernard arrived, that the pancreatic juice dis- solves and digests the proteid matters of food, both those which have not been dissolved by the gastric juice and those which, having been thus dissolved, have been reprecipitated by the bile.In fact, before Bernard's memoir, the state of things was this.The action of pan- creatic juice on starch was just beginning to be recognised, its action on fats was only just hinted at, and its action on proteids, so to speak, unknown.Bernard clearly proved the existence and pointed out the importance of all these three actions, and thereby restored intestinal digestion to its proper position.I need hardly point out to you how, by the subsequent labours of Corvisart, and especially of Kuhne, our knowledge of the proteolytic action of pancreatic juice has made vast strides, and what a flood of light has thereby been thrown niot on digestion (and let us hope on indigestion also) only, but on the meta- bolism of the whole body.The first steps of this inquiry, the ultimale worth of which it is almost impossible to exaggerate, we owe to Claude Bernard..Far more important, however, than this pancreatic work was the next research, with the results of which Bernard startled the physio- logical world.I have already spoken of two at least of Bernard's discoveries as being the most important of the mid-century; one of these was his discovery of glycogen and of the glycogenic function of the liver, made known to the world in I849.*This discovery naturally starts from the knowledge of the presence of sugar in the blood, which, by a curious coincidence, we owe to Magendie.I need not pass in review before you the details of this great step.Suffice it to say, that the whole credit of it belonged to Bernard.Both the truth and the value of it were of course denied by some, and a long controversy, now happily forgotten, arose about it ; but in the end Bernard, supported especially by Lehmann,t came out triumphant.IIe not only proved the glycogenic function of the liver, but was the first to extract glycogen, though this was independently, at a subsequent date, discovered hy Hensen.+And to Bernard alone must be attributed the discovery of the diabetic puncture.§ But these matters are household words in all physiological schools; the names Bernard and glycogen are, and always will be, inseparable.You all know, too, how subsequent researches have somewhat modified the views first put forward by Bernard; at the present moment we do not, as he was at least inclined to do, regard proteid matter as the
Persistent A‐antigen after stem cell transplantation of blood group A patient with non‐A donor
Authors: Karen M.K. de Vooght, Roger E.G. Schutgens, Wouter W. van Solinge
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Patients receiving an ABO-incompatible hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) are at an increased risk for immune-mediated hematological complications including immediate and delayed hemolysis, late red blood cell engraftment, and pure red cell aplasia. Much research effort has been invested in the unraveling of the immunological mechanisms underyling these complications and approaches to prevent them. Only minimal attention has been paid to the fact that in some SCT patients, even after years, a persistent patient A- and/or B-antigen is detected in the clinical laboratory, despite 100% white cell donor chimerism. The impact for the patient can be substantial: fear that the transplantation was not successful, concern of relapse, and other anxieties influence the quality of life. Little is known about the possible causes of this phenomenon, making appropriate counseling and reassurance of patients by the clinician difficult. In this letter, we describe two cases and a short review on the putative causes of persistent blood group antigens after SCT.
Antihypertensive Agents and Lipids
Authors: Edward Ernst
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 October 1995Antihypertensive Agents and LipidsEdward Ernst, MDEdward Ernst, MDUniversity of Exeter; Exeter EX2 5DW; United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-8-199510150-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Kasiske and colleagues [1] should be commended for their informative meta-analysis of the effects of antihypertensive medications on blood lipids. Although they comment on several trials of calcium antagonists, they make no mention of studies of gallopamil. To examine the effects of prolonged oral treatment with slow-release gallopamil on blood lipids, we studied 24 patients with essential hypertension and at least one lipid abnormality. After a placebo run-in phase, all patients received slow-release gallopamil, 100 mg twice daily, for 5 months. A final period consisted of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind treatment phase lasting 4 weeks, during which ...References1. Kasiske BL, Ma JZ, Kalil RS, Louis TA. Effects of antihypertensive therapy on serum lipids. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:133-41. Google Scholar2. Ernst E. Does gallopamil modify blood lipids? Drug Investigation. 1993; 6:42-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Exeter; Exeter EX2 5DW; United Kingdom PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1995Volume 123, Issue 8Page: 634KeywordsBloodBlood pressureCalciumCholesterolHigh density lipoproteinHypertensionLipidsLow density lipoprotein ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A1-07: Which patient is a candidate for surgery after induction treatment for stage IIIA-pN2 NSCLC? A prognostic stratification model based on morphometric-pathologic response in mediastinal nodes and primary tumour response on FDG-PET
Authors: Christophe Dooms, Eric Verbeken, Sigrid Stroobants, Kris Nackaerts, Johan Vansteenkiste
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
SPONGIOUS HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: A NOVEL PHENOTYPE OF HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH MUTATIONS IN THE FOUR-AND-A-HALF LIM-DOMAIN 1 GENE
Authors: Josepha Binder, Frank Weidemann, Meinrad Beer, Wolfram Machann, Markus Niemann, Gernot Plank, Ingrid Lafer, Stefan Quasthoff, Tatjana Stojakovic, Christian Windpassinger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Acute ileus in myxoedema.
Authors: I Wells, B Smith, M Hinton
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Effect of 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol on magnesium metabolism in chronic renal failure Vitamin D derivatives and analogues are increasingly being used to treat bone disease in chronic renal failure but their effects on magnesium metabolism have not been fully documented.The use of 1-oc- hydroxycholecalciferol (1-m-OHDD) in chronic renal failure, however, may be associated with a special risk of magnesium intoxication.'This prompted us to review our own data. Methods and resultsWe studied the external balances of calcium and magnesium2 in two patients with chronic renal failure and renal bone disease (cases 1 and 2; plasma creatinine 480 ,umol/l (5 4 mg/100 ml) and 640 ,umol/l (7-2 mg/100 ml) respectively) before and during treatment with 1-m-OHD3 2 teg/daily by mouth (see figure).Considerable increases in calcium retention during the first four days of treatment in case 1, and after 18 months in case 2 (a renal dwarf who ate little calcium), were unaccompanied by significant changes in magnesium balance.Case I Case 2 Calcium _ 4 0--0-101 20 30 Moj..jesiumn -------
PREGNANCY ACCIDENTS IN DIABETES-Reply
Authors: Priscilla White
Journal: JAMA (1941)

To the Editor:—  Between January 1936 and January 1941 we have had 82 pregnant diabetic patients on whom hormonal studies have been done. Among our 12 consecutive abnormal untreated patients fetal survival was 42 per cent; among 35 consecutive abnormal but treated, as described in my paper, 89 per cent; among 35 normal diabetic patients 91 per cent. In the light of these figures we are unwilling to increase the number of untreated abnormal patients.  Perhaps clarity in the matter of controls was sacrificed for brevity in the article which appeared inThe Journal. I myself can see no scientific difference between the selection of alternate patients for therapy and of patients selected as in this work, namely, (1) 12 consecutive abnormal patients untreated, (2) 13 consecutive abnormal patients treated in the matter outlined by the Smiths, (3) 11 consecutive abnormal patients treated with oral preparations, (4) 11 consecutive abnormal
The Present Management of Varicose Veins
Authors: David Woolfolk Barrow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

RATIONAL treatment of patients with varicose veins requires exact knowledge of the changes that occur in the circulation, both venous and capillary, coincident with their development.1 In the normal person, muscular contraction, both static and dynamic, constricts the vein, and blood is displaced in the direction permitted by the valves, that is, toward the heart. On relaxation the vein becomes filled with blood, again flowing in the direction permitted by the valves, that is, from the distal segment — a process that is associated with a lowering of venous pressure.With the development of varices the valves are no longer . . .
A New Reserve Cutting Sphincterotome for Endoscopic Sphincterotomy after Billroth II Gastrectomy
Authors: R. J. Burlefiner, H. v. Sanden, R. Ottenjann, W. Schmitt
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

See also: Endoscopic Sphincterotomy (EST) in Patients with Billroth II GastrectomyEndoscopy 1981; 13(01): 19-24DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021635
Messenger RNA reprogramming by spliceosome-mediated RNA trans-splicing
Authors: Mariano A. Garcia-Blanco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

In the human genome, the majority of protein-encoding genes are interrupted by introns, which are removed from primary transcripts by a macromolecular enzyme known as the spliceosome. Spliceosomes can constitutively remove all the introns in a primary transcript to yield a fully spliced mRNA or alternatively splice primary transcripts leading to the production of many different mRNAs from one gene. This review examines how spliceosomes can recombine two primary transcripts in trans to reprogram messenger RNAs.
Serum isoamylase as a test for pancreatic insufficiency.
Authors: S M Nasrallah, D M Martin
Journal: Gut (1983)

Total and pancreatic serum isoamylases were performed on 38 control subjects (21 non-smokers and 17 smokers) and 21 consecutive patients with pancreatic insufficiency before and after meal stimulation. There was no difference in the fasting or stimulated levels of total amylase (T), pancreatic isoamylase (P), or % P/T between smokers and non-smokers. The P/T ratio was significantly reduced in patients with pancreatic insufficiency when compared with each of the control groups (p less than 0.0005). Eleven of 21 patients with pancreatic insufficiency had raised total serum amylase, but none had a rise in the pancreatic fraction or P/T ratio. Our findings indicate that the T, P, and P/T ratio of serum amylase are not influenced by smoking or meal stimulation. A reduced P/T ratio in a patient with steatorrhoea suggests pancreatic insufficiency as the cause. Hyperamylasaemia in patients with pancreatic insufficiency does not necessarily imply a relapse.
Unilateral "Page kidney" hypertension in man. Studies of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system before and after nephrectomy
Authors: M. F. Mullins
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Hypertension developed in a 17-year-old boy one year after a flank injury. Intravenous pyelography showed a slightly smaller kidney on the injured side. Renal arteriography demonstrated unilateral decreased vascular filling. Renal vein renin ratios suggested an ischemic kidney, as did splitfunction studies. Nephrectomy cured the hypertension. Detailed studies before and after nephrectomy suggested that hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may participate in the pathophysiology of this unusual cause of hypertension in man. (<i>JAMA</i>231:42-45, 1975)
Risk of Uterine Rupture during Labor among Women with a Prior Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Mona Lydon-Rochelle, Victoria L. Holt, Thomas R. Easterling, Diane P. Martin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Each year in the United States, approximately 60 percent of women with a prior cesarean delivery who become pregnant again attempt labor. Concern persists that a trial of labor may increase the risk of uterine rupture, an uncommon but serious obstetrical complication.
Surgical approaches to the submandibular gland: A review of literature
Authors: David D. Beahm, Laura Peleaz, Daniel W. Nuss, Barry Schaitkin, Jayc C. Sedlmayr, Carlos Mario Rivera-Serrano, Adam M. Zanation, Rohan R. Walvekar
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2009)

Surgical excision of the submandibular gland (SMG) is commonly indicated in patients with neoplasms, and non-neoplastic conditions such as chronic sialadenitis, sialolithiasis, ranula and drooling. Traditional SMG surgery involves a direct transcervical approach. In the recent past, alternative approaches to SMG excision have been described in effort to offer minimally invasive options or better cosmetic results. The purpose of this article is to describe the surgical approaches to the SMG and present relevant surgical anatomy via cadaveric dissection and a systematic review of literature to compare and contrast each technique. Cadaveric dissection with fresh human cadaver heads followed by a review of the literature. Cadaver heads were dissected via both the transcervical and transoral approaches to the submandibular gland with the use of endoscopic assistance when indicated. Key landmarks and anatomic relationships were recorded via photo documentation. A review of the literature was conducted using a Medline search for approaches to SMG excision, including indications, results and complications. While the traditional SMG excision remains a direct transcervical approach, many other methods of excision are described that include open, endoscopic, and robot assisted resections. The approaches vary from being transcervical, submental, transoral or retroauricular. Alternative approaches to the SMG are feasible but should be tailored to the individual patient based on factors such as pathology, patient preferences, availability of technology, and the experience and skill of the surgeon.