tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tanapox Infection in a College Student
Authors: A. Damian Dhar, Andrew E. Werchniak, Yu Li, Jeoffry B. Brennick, Cynthia S. Goldsmith, Richard Kline, Inger Damon, Sidney N. Klaus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

anapox infection is a poxvirus infection that is endemic to equatorial Africa.It begins with a febrile prodrome that is soon followed by the eruption of one or more large, superficial nodules, typically on the extremities.Complete recovery after several weeks is the rule, and there are no known permanent sequelae other than a scar at the site of infection.Although the disease is not uncommon in certain parts of Africa, only four previous cases have been reported in the United States.We describe a college student who acquired the disease while working with orphaned chimpanzees in Africa.We also review the important clinical, epidemiologic, diagnostic, and histopathological features to consider in the diagnosis of tanapox infection.Because of concern about biologic warfare in general and about poxviruses in particular, the prompt identification of tanapox and its discrimination from more worrisome entities such as smallpox, monkeypox, tularemia, and anthrax have important public health implications.A 21-year-old female college student from New Hampshire had spent eight weeks observing and caring for orphaned chimpanzees in the Republic of Congo.Two weeks before her departure from Africa, severe headaches, backache, and fever developed, with a temperature reaching 39°C.The student sought medical attention at the local clinic, and empirical treatment with an antimalarial medication was begun.One day later, the fever abated, and a tender papule with an erythematous base erupted from her right elbow.Treatment with the antimalarial medication was discontinued, and the headaches and backache persisted for several days before resolving.
SOME EFFECTS OF DEEP X RAYS UPON THE CELLS OF THE BLOOD: A PRELIMINARY NOTE ON A PHAGOCYTIC TEST
Authors: F. A. Knott, W. L. Watt
Journal: BMJ (1929)

OF THE BLOOD.- openiing, whiclh was then-closed.Five days later the ineedles were withdrawn without difficulty.The patient made a normnial recoverY: his pain ceased, his appetite returned, and in three months he had regained his normal weight and was the picture of healtlh.Aiifio?na of the McIningcs.A man of 45 had suffered for years from fits at long intervals.
The Continuing Education of Physicians
Authors: George E. Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

CONTINUING education for a physician is everywhere. It arrives in the morning mail on glossy paper from a commercial establishment or on dull stock from a scientific organization. It is waiting at the hospital where local powers offer it or national powers command it. In some communities it is provided with luncheon over FM radio; in others it comes with the bedtime snack by open-channel television. For most physicians scarcely a week passes without an offer from a county society or voluntary health agency to teach him something. Last year 208 institutions in 38 states eagerly proffered 1146 formal courses . . .
On being an older foundation year 1 doctor
Authors: A. McWilliams
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Maybe you first noticed me at the back of your ward round, remarking to yourself that you had not been expecting a new registrar. I wear suede brogues and genuinely smart trousers, and I have a beard that can’t be classed as designer stubble. My shirts are always ironed, and I am never hung over at work. At crash calls I may arrive a touch breathless, but the nurses heave a sigh of relief because they think a senior doctor has arrived. I have to announce …
Pfizer will not apply for a licence for sildenafil for women
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Pfizer, the company that developed the phosphodiesterase inhibitor sildenafil (Viagra), reported last week that efficacy results in women with what has been termed female sexual arousal disorder had been inconclusive and would not support filing for regulatory approval to use the drug in this indication.

In a statement, Pfizer said that several large scale, placebo controlled studies including about 3000 women with female sexual arousal disorder showed inconclusive results on the efficacy of sildenafil (www.pfizer.com). The disorder is defined by the American Foundation for Urological Diseases as distress caused by a persistent inability to attain or maintain sexual excitement.

Dr Joe Feczko, president of worldwide development with the company, said in the statement: “FSAD [female sexual arousal disorder] …
High-resolution whole genome tiling path array CGH analysis of CD34+ cells from patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes reveals cryptic copy number alterations and predicts overall and leukemia-free survival
Authors: Daniel T. Starczynowski, Suzanne Vercauteren, Adele Telenius, Sandy Sung, Kaoru Tohyama, Angela Brooks-Wilson, John J. Spinelli, Connie J. Eaves, Allen C. Eaves, Douglas E. Horsman, Wan L. Lam, Aly Karsan
Journal: Blood (2008)
956 PHOSPHODIESTERASE III INHIBITOR OVERCOMES RAT SINUSOIDAL OBSTRUCTION SYNDROME THROUGH HEME OXYGENASE-1 INDUCTION
Authors: M. Narita, E. Hatano, N. Tamaki, K. Iwaisako, S. Seo, H. Nagata, A. Yanagida, H. Asechi, I. Ikai, S. Uemoto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Wet-Mount Examination for the Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis
Authors: John R. Dykers
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —Krieger et al 1 have done a beautiful study on the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. The only criticism I have concerns the preparation of the wet mount. A Popsicle stick (or Papanicolaou smear scraper), not a cotton-tip swab, should be dipped in the vaginal puddle and immediately transferred to a drop of saline already placed on a clean glass slide. This preparation should then promptly (preferably less than a minute and certainly no more than  minutes) be examined under the ordinary light microscope at low power. Trichomonads will lose motility rapidly with delay or under the hot light of the microscope. A coverslip should not be applied until after initial perusal under low power. The two fast legs system is necessary to have a high percentage of positive wet preparations. 2
Rentabilité diagnostique et facteurs prédictifs de l'entéroscopie par vidéocapsule (VC) chez les femmes non ménopausées et ménopausées ayant un saignement digestif inexpliqué occulte (SDIO)
Authors: C Lorenceau-Savale, C Landman, J Edery, G Rahmi, S Nahon, R Jian, C Cellier
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Introduction: La rentabilité diagnostique de la VC dans l'exploration des saignements digestifs inexpliqués occultes (SDIO) avec anémie ferriprive (AF) a été peu étudiée chez les femmes non ménopausées. Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer la rentabilité diagnostique et d'identifier des facteurs prédictifs de lésions grêliques chez les femmes explorées par VC pour SDIO en fonction de leur période d'activité génitale.
Eosinophilic cellulitis (Wells' syndrome) as a cutaneous reaction to the administration of adalimumab
Authors: P Boura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

A 72 year old female patient had a 30 year history of progressive rheumatoid arthritis treated ultimately with a combination of ciclosporin A plus corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory agents. Adalimumab was started as anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) monotherapy because the disease persisted. Ciclosporin A was discontinued 3 months before the initiation of adalimumab. At the site of the first adalimumab injection, a mild local reaction developed 6–8 hours later, not accompanied by general symptoms.

Three to 4 hours after the second adalimumab injection (15 days later), the patient presented at the emergency department with chest discomfort, epigastralgia, fever (38.4°C), rigor, fatigue, and malaise. At the same time, at the injection site (left thigh), a violaceous plaque (10×9 cm) had developed, emerging as an erythematous urticarial oedema (fig 1A). Laboratory investigation …
Developing an Animal Model of Massive Ulcer Bleeding for Assessing Endoscopic Hemostatic Devices
Authors: B. Hu, S. C. Chung, L. C. Sun, J. Y. Lau, K. Kawashima, T. Yamamoto, P. B. Cotton, C. J. Gostout, R. H. Hawes, A. N. Kalloo, S. V. Kantsevoy, P. J. Pasricha
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Existing animal models of ulcerative bleeding are not suitable for endoscopic investigation. We describe a new porcine model of massive arterial bleeding in the stomach and its use for assessing a novel endoscopic suturing device.Two animal models were investigated. In model 1, the short gastric artery (mean diameter 2 mm) was divided near its gastric end. A mucosal defect was created near the greater curve and the divided artery was brought into the lumen of the stomach through a submucosal tunnel. An inflatable plastic cuff was placed around the base of the artery. Cuff deflation led to massive bleeding. In model 2, the short gastric artery was carefully exposed along a segment of 2 cm on the side facing the stomach. It was then anchored to a small gastrostomy made at the posterior wall near the vessel. At endoscopy an ulcer-like lesion could be seen with a pulsatile vessel at the base and brisk bleeding could be started by cutting a hole in the artery using endoscissors. The pigs were heparinized by an intravenous bolus of 110-300 units per kilogram, in both models. A prototype suturing device, the Eagle Claw, was inserted using a gastroscope and the curved needle was driven around the bleeding artery. Extracorporeal knotting or intracorporeal ligation was done endoscopically.Pulsatile arterial bleeding was successfully created in four pigs using model 1, and in another four pigs using model 2. Model 2 was more reproducible and less time-consuming to create. Endoscopic suturing controlled arterial bleeding in five out of eight pigs with a single stitch and in another three pigs with an additional stitch.This animal model provides reproducible massive hemorrhage suitable for endoscopic studies. Control of gastric bleeding from large arteries by endoscopic suturing is possible.
Ombudsman upholds eight in 10 complaints about the NHS
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Croydon Health Services NHS Trust was asked by the parliamentary and health services ombudsman to pay £75 000 (€85 000; $120 000) to a woman whose leg was amputated because of failings in her care, the ombudsman’s latest annual report shows.

The award, unusually high for an ombudsman’s recommendation, is nearly 10% of the total £780 201.72 recommended to be paid out in 2010-11 by the current ombudsman, Ann Abraham, who oversees complaints against government bodies and the NHS in England.

In her last annual report before she retires, Ms Abraham highlights her report Care and Compassion? , published in February, which told the stories of 10 people aged over 65 for whom the NHS …
Insect in the External Auditory Canal—A New Way Out
Authors: Anton Schittek
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Instantly acting neurotoxic substances, such as those in insecticide sprays, have been used against insects for many years. A patient with a living and moving insect in the ear obviously needs instant help. The conventional remedy is mineral oil instillation. One cannot use the commercially available roach sprays because of technical difficulty and for possible medicolegal reasons. Mineral oil works, but with a delay needed for asphyxiation of the insect; in those few seconds, the insect can move violently inside the ear. The patient may do harm to himself by attempting to remove the insect. Another drug, to my knowledge not described in textbooks, is 2% lidocaine solution, a technically and legally feasible drug. It acts immediately on the insect by paralyzing it. An added bonus is that the retrieval of the insect is easier from an aqueous solution than from the mineral oil. This method has
FLT3-Mediated p38–MAPK Activation Participates in the Control of Megakaryopoiesis in Primary Myelofibrosis
Authors: Christophe Desterke, Chrystele Bilhou-Nabéra, Bernadette Guerton, Christophe Martinaud, Carole Tonetti, Denis Clay, Paola Guglielmelli, Alessandro Vannucchi, Dominique Bordessoule, Hans Hasselbalch, Brigitte Dupriez, Nassima Benzoubir, Marie-Françoise Bourgeade, Olivier Pierre-Louis, Vladimir Lazar, William Vainchenker, Annelise Bennaceur-Griscelli, Heinz Gisslinger, Stéphane Giraudier, Marie-Caroline Le Bousse-Kerdilès
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is characterized by increased number of hematopoietic progenitors and a dysmegakaryopoiesis which supports the stromal reaction defining this disease. We showed that increased ligand (FL) levels in plasma, hematopoietic progenitors, and stromal cells from PMF patients were associated with upregulation of the cognate Flt3 receptor on megakaryocytic (MK) cells. This connection prompted us to study a functional role for the FL/Flt3 couple in PMF dysmegakaryopoiesis, as a route to reveal insights into pathobiology and therapy in this disease. Analysis of PMF CD34+ and MK cell transcriptomes revealed deregulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway along with Flt3 expression. In PMF patients, a higher proportion of circulating Flt3+CD34+CD41+ cells exhibited an increased MAPK effector phosphorylation independently of Jak2V617F mutation. Activation of FL/Flt3 axis in PMF MK cell cultures, in response to FL, induced activation of the p38–MAPK cascade, which is known to be involved in inflammation, also increasing expression of its target genes (NFATC4, p53, AP-1, IL-8). Inhibiting Flt3 or MAPK or especially p38 by chemical, antibody, or silencing strategies restored megakaryopoiesis and reduced phosphorylation of Flt3 and p38 pathway effectors, confirming the involvement of Flt3 in PMF dysmegakaryopoiesis via p38 activation. In addition, in contrast to healthy donors, MK cells derived from PMF CD34+ cells exhibited an FL-induced migration that could be reversed by p38 inhibition. Taken together, our results implicate the FL/Flt3 ligand–receptor complex in PMF dysmegakaryopoiesis through persistent p38–MAPK activation, with implications for therapeutic prospects to correct altered megakaryopoiesis in an inflammatory context. Cancer Res; 71(8); 2901–15. ©2011 AACR.
Help with HELLP
Authors: Barbara J. Bain, John Riches
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

The blood film illustrated is from a 31-year-old woman who presented at 26-weeks gestation in her first pregnancy with epigastric pain, diarrhea, and vomiting.She was found to be hypertensive and edematous with a dipstick test of her urine being strongly positive for protein.Initially her blood count and liver function tests were normal, but her hypertension was difficult to control and by 6 days from admission she had developed thrombocytopenia, followed by anemia and abnormal liver function tests.An elective cesarean section was carried out 8 days after admission.Blood tests were at their worst 2 days later: hemoglobin 8.9 g/dl, platelets 25 3 10 9 /l, g-glutamyl transferase 35 IU/l, alanine transaminase 492 IU/l, aspartate transaminase 295 IU/l, alkaline phosphatase 152 IU/l, and bilirubin 92 lmol/l.The blood film (Image) confirmed the severe thrombocytopenia and showed schistocytes including spheroschistocytes.Recovery occurred thereafter and the baby also survived in good condition.The HELPP syndrome is characterized by Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets.It represents a severe form of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia.The hemolysis is microangiopathic in nature and examination of a blood film is helpful in making the diagnosis.
Effect of heparin, aspirin, or alteplase in reduction of myocardial ischaemia in refractory unstable angina
Authors: G.G. Neri Serneri, G.F. Gensini, L. Poggesi, F. Trotta, P.A. Modesti, M. Boddi, A. Ieri, M. Margheri, G.C. Casolo, M. Bini, C. Rostagno, M. Carnovali, R. Abbate
Journal: The Lancet (1990)
The microenvironment can shift erythrocytes from a friendly to a harmful behavior: Pathogenetic implications for vascular diseases
Authors: M MINETTI, L AGATI, W MALORNI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Erythrocytes are peculiar cells aimed at the delivery of oxygen and nitric oxide to the periphery and carbon dioxide to the lungs. In addition, they also exert, under physiological conditions, a scavenging activity towards reactive oxygen and nitrogen species often over-produced in morbidity states, e.g. in inflamed tissues. Their deformability is essential for their circulation, specifically in small blood vessels, and this is an important pre-requisite for such vascular "antioxidant" functions. On the other hand, if the erythrocyte undergoes changes in its redox status, i.e. is not capable of counteracting the pro-oxidant status of the microenvironment, it becomes a source of reactive species and, consequently, its typical structural and functional features are lost. More importantly, the oxidatively modified red cell increases its aggregability and adhesiveness to the endothelium and to other blood cells, thus contributing to vascular damage. In line with recent data from the literature, erythrocytes can be proposed as bioindicators of progression in chronic or acute diseases characterized, as a hallmark, by oxidative alterations.
Reticulocyte evaluation in α<sup>+</sup>‐thalassemia
Authors: F. Krügner, T.R. Zaccariotto, E.T. Rosim, F.F. Costa, H.Z.W. Grotto, M.F. Sonati
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Although it is almost certain that α + ‐thalassemia protects against malaria, the mechanisms for that are still unknown. It has been suggested that an increased number of young circulating red blood cells in α + ‐thalassemic children, as a result of some degree of ineffective erythropoiesis, could be related to the high frequencies of the α + ‐thalassemic allele in malaria endemic areas. Reticulocyte evaluation in this condition, however, has been poorly performed so far. Our objective was to determine the reticulocyte number and maturation degree, in addition to the soluble transferrin receptor and serum erythropoietin levels, in α + ‐thalassemia heterozygotes, comparing them with normal α‐genotype controls. One hundred twenty‐one α + ‐thalassemia carriers (−α 3.7 /αα) and 249 controls (αα/αα), all of them with normal serum ferritin levels, were subclassified according to age (1–5, 6–10, 11–15, 16–20, and over 20 years old). Reticulocyte analyzes were carried out by flow cytometry and sTfR and s‐Epo levels determined by immunonephelometry and chemiluminescence, respectively. The comparisons did not show any significant difference between thalassemics and controls regarding the reticulocyte parameters [percentages and absolute values, P = 0.2643 and 0.5421; high, medium, and low maturation degree, P = 0.2579, 0.2196, and 0.4192; RET maturity index (RMI), P = 0.2471, respectively], as well as the s‐Epo levels ( P = 0.5711). The sTfR concentrations were higher in the thalassemic group ( P = 0.0001), but statistical significance was due only to the 1–5 and over 20 subgroups ( P = 0.0082 and 0.0436, respectively). The results found here are compatible with a compensated erythropoiesis and do not confirm the hypothesis mentioned above. Am. J. Hematol. 81:68–70, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine bore enteral feeding and pulmonary aspiration.
Authors: E N Fry
Journal: BMJ (1985)

To our knowledge no study has shown that the attitudes, practice, or behaviour of doctors is correlated with their social origins; indeed, Dr Murray's own study, which he cites, could find no evidence for such an effect either.2W7hile there are excellent reasons why adequately qualified applicants from all sections of society should be encouraged to apply to medical schools, there is at present no compelling case for positive discrimination in favour of applicants from certain classes.Dr Sunil Shaunak (p 1535) asks whether there was evidence in our data for racial discrimination.The UCCA application form includes nationality but does not give details of race, creed, or colour, circumstances which we do not take into account in our selection procedure and about which our questionnaire did not ask.It is difficult to phrase such
Letter: Gastric balloon displacement in a Sengstaken tube.
Authors: J B Bourke
Journal: BMJ (1974)

cancer patients in view of its effect as a stimulator of prolactin release.Unfortunately, a suitable alternative agent may be difficult to find as the phenothiazine derivatives, which include prochlorperazine, are also known to stimulate lactation and to raise serum prolactin levels.It is possible that for susceptible patients we may have to return to the uFe of older remedies such as pyridoxine.-I am, etc.,
Neuropsychiatric Side-Effects of Drugs In Elderly
Authors: Joseph A. Flaherty
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This volume provides essentially what it promises—a comprehensive overview of neuropsychiatric complications of medical drugs in the elderly. It is readable and useful, providing a sound compromise between a highly academic orientation and a mere catalogue of drug reactions. When necessary, the biochemical, physiological, and pharmacokinetic bases of drug reactions are reviewed; this is a useful tack, as some practitioners may have forgotten these facts and have difficulty with the volume otherwise. Most chapters cover the general side effects of the drug categories rather than just those specifically related to the elderly population. For example, the chapter on antihypertensives discusses the symptoms of side effects such as impotence, fatigue, depression, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, delirium, and hallucinosis in the general population. These inclusions enhance the volume's applicability. The authors have also provided estimates or data as to the relative frequency of different side effects as well as the management of them. Chapters
Pleural Fluid Transforming Growth Factor–β1 Correlates with Pleural Fibrosis in Experimental Empyema
Authors: Scott A. Sasse, Martin R. Jadus, Gary D. Kukes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Transforming growth factor–β1 (TGF-β1) is a growth factor that is implicated in fibrosis of many organs. The purpose of this study was to determine the sequential levels of TGF-β1 in the pleural fluid of rabbits that had undergone empyema induction, as fibrosis of the pleural space develops. Thirty-seven rabbits underwent empyema induction. Rabbits were sacrificed on Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8. Pleural fluid and viscera pleura specimens were collected at autopsy. TGF-β1 levels were measured in pleural fluid using a commercially available ELISA kit, and pathologic specimens were scored for evidence of fibrosis (pleural thickness and number of fibroblasts). The median levels of pleural fluid TGF-β1 increased from 8,100 pg/ml (Days 1 and 2) to 39,600 pg/ml (Day 8). Pleural fluid TGF-β1 levels closely correlated with microscopic pleural thickness (r = 0.7, p < 0.001) and number of fibroblasts present in the visceral pleura (r = 0.68, p < 0.001). The first increase in pleural fluid levels of TGF-β1 (Day 3) occurred before the increase in pleural thickness (Day 4) and before the increase in number of fibroblasts (Day 4). In conclusion, pleural fluid levels of TGF-β1 rise in experimental empyema as pleural fibrosis develops. The rise in empyemic pleural fluid TGF-β1 levels correlates with markers of pleural space fibrosis.
318 OUTCOME AND VIROLOGICAL CHANGES DURING THE FOLLOW UP OF A LARGE SINGLE CENTER COHORT OF CHRONIC DELTA HEPATITIS PATIENTS
Authors: G. Kabaçam, F.O. Önder, G. Seven, M. Yakut, H. Bozkaya, M.A. Bozdayı, R. İdilman, C. Yurdaydın
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)