tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-Level Chloroquine Resistance of<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>Malaria Acquired in Kenya
Authors: Bruce G. Weniger, Richard S. Blumberg, Carlos C. Campbell, Thomas C. Jones, Dwight L. Mount, Stephen M. Friedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

RESISTANCE to chloroquine in Plasmodium falciparum malaria has become a serious threat to the health of travelers to East Africa. We report here a case of cerebral malaria due to P. falciparum infection acquired in Kenya by a tourist who was receiving routine chloroquine prophylaxis. In addition, despite therapy with a standard curative dosage of chloroquine, the patient's parasite density increased, and her clinical status deteriorated. This case expands the recognized spectrum of chloroquine resistance in P. falciparum infections from East Africa, and along with other cases representing lesser degrees of resistance1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 has prompted the revision11 of recommendations12 , 13 for the . . .
The pelvic ileal reservoir: apocalypse later?
Authors: N A Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (1990)

failure has been moulded by bureaucratic constraints, so that it is different in both scale and strategy from those in other relatively prosperous countries.It is also slow to respond to medical advances, which may need extra resources to make them equally available to all who could benefit, such as recombinant human erythropoietin for patients undergoing dialysis.Will the new methods of NHS funding to be introduced in 1991 change the pattern of the programme?Money that follows patients is said to make bureaucratic logjams simpler to resolve,20 and it could provide an incentive for opening new renal units.The wishes of patients and the costs of transporting them to thrice weekly treatments both point to the desirability of increasing the numbers of renal units and specialists to fill geographical gaps in provision.McGeown and Feest et al have documented the real need for dialysis and transplantation.The reasons why the old style NHS has fallen short are known.Is it too much to hope that the white paper holds the key to open doors that have been held shut for too long?
Relation of serum elastin peptide concentration to age, FEV1, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and protease inhibitor phenotype: an epidemiological study in working men.
Authors: C Frette, S M Wei, F Neukirch, R Sesboue, J P Martin, M P Jacob, F Kauffmann
Journal: Thorax (1992)

BACKGROUND: In clinical investigations elastin peptide concentration has been proposed as one potential marker of lung elastin degradation. No epidemiological study has yet confirmed this hypothesis. METHODS: The relation of elastin peptide concentration to some factors closely related to pulmonary emphysema (age, smoking habits, FEV1 alpha protease inhibitor (PI) phenotype) and to alcohol consumption was examined in an epidemiological study of 310 working men. The elastin peptides used for obtaining antibodies and as reference in an ELISA assay were prepared from chemically hydrolysed elastin. RESULTS: The elastin peptide concentration significantly decreased with age from 2.92 (1.54) micrograms/ml among subjects younger than 30 years to 2.18 (1.14) micrograms/ml among subjects older than 50. Elastin peptide concentration did not differ with smoking habits and was clearly unrelated to FEV1. A lower elastin peptide concentration was observed in all groups of subjects with a protease inhibitor phenotype other than PI MM (PI FM, IM, MP, MS, MZ, and S phenotypes). CONCLUSIONS: The results cast doubts on the usefulness of the elastin peptide concentration as a marker of lung destruction in middle aged, predominantly healthy men. Blood elastin peptide concentration may reflect both elastin degradation and resynthesis. The results of this analysis suggest that several factors (age, alcohol consumption, non-PI MM phenotype) may be associated with decreased resynthesis of lung elastin. Further studies, conducted in various age groups and including estimates of the degree of lung destruction, are needed to unravel the mechanisms underlying lysis and resynthesis of lung elastin.
Perception as purposeful inquiry: We elect where to direct each glance, and determine what is encoded within and between glances
Authors: Julian Hochberg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

In agreement with Barsalou's point that perceptions are not the records or the products of a recording system, and with a nod to an older system in which perception is an activity of testing what future glances bring, I argue that the behavior of perceptual inquiry necessarily makes choices in what is sampled; in what and how the sample is encoded, and what structure across samples is pursued and tested; and when to conclude the inquiry. Much of this is now being hectically rediscovered, but a comprehensive approach like the one Barsalou proposes should help preserve what progress is made.
Mantle cell lymphoma: transcriptional regulation by microRNAs
Authors: L Di Lisio, G Gómez-López, M Sánchez-Beato, C Gómez-Abad, M E Rodríguez, R Villuendas, B I Ferreira, A Carro, D Rico, M Mollejo, M A Martínez, J Menárguez, A Díaz-Alderete, J Gil, J C Cigudosa, D G Pisano, M A Piris, N Martínez
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
Resigned his Editorship.
Authors: Jas. G. Kiernan
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Chicago, Aug. 1, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Will you kindly notify your readers that in consequence of the intrusion of nostrum advertisements by the publishers on the<i>Medical Standard</i>, the attempt to convert this journal into a write up organ for nostrums and allied performances, I have severed my connection therewith after an editorial service of nearly ten years. Very sincerely, We are sorry to see that our valiant colleague has been crowded out, but we hope to have an occasional article from his trenchant pen in ourJournal.—Ed.
Thalidomide usage in Wales: the need to follow guidelines
Authors: T.A. Chave, A.Y. Finlay, A.G. Knight
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Thalidomide usage in Wales: the need to follow guidelines Get access T.A. Chave, T.A. Chave Department of Dermatology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, U.K. Dr T.A.Chave, Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. E‐mail: Toby@Chave.fsbusiness.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.Y. Finlay, A.Y. Finlay Department of Dermatology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.G. Knight, A.G. Knight Department of Dermatology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar On Behalf Of The All‐Wales Dermatology Audit Committee On Behalf Of The All‐Wales Dermatology Audit Committee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 2, 1 February 2001, Pages 310–315, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04020.x Published: 01 February 2001
Abdominal Pregnancy Secondary to Rupture of Accessory Uterus with Survival of Mother and Infant
Authors: George A. Bourgeois, Morris W. Shapiro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

IN the case herewith reported a living infant was obtained by operation from the mother's abdominal cavity at term, and there is good evidence that fertilization was accomplished by transperitoneal migration of the spermatozöon. Because of the uncertain quality of the uterine scar from this operation, a subsequent pregnancy was terminated by cesarean section. Correlation of the findings in this case with a nonpregnant uterus unicornis unicollis with attached sessile accessory uterus offers an explanation of the pathogenesis.Case ReportA 24-year-old secundigravida in the 39th week of gestation was first seen on September 15, 1946, because of nausea, vomiting . . .
Efficacy of mometasone furoate nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Meta‐analysis of randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, clinical trials
Authors: M. Penagos, E. Compalati, F. Tarantini, C. E. Baena‐Cagnani, G. Passalacqua, G. W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Several randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) thus allowing for a meta-analysis to determine the overall treatment effect.A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE, LILACS, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library databases up to 31 October, 2007 was carried out. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of MFNS in patients with AR compared to placebo were included. Total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), individual nasal symptoms, total non-nasal symptom scores (TNNSS) and nasal airflow were analysed as the standardized mean difference (SMD). Meta-analysis was performed with the random or the fixed effect models depending on heterogeneity, by using revman 5 software.Sixteen of the 113 identified articles met the inclusion criteria. For MFNS efficacy on TNSS, 2998 participants were analysed: 1534 received MFNS and 1464 placebo. Mometasone furoate nasal spray was associated with a significant reduction in TNSS (SMD -0.49, 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.38; P < 0.00001; I(2) = 50.1%). A significant effect on SMD for nasal stuffiness/congestion (-0.41; 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.27), rhinorrhoea (-0.44; 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.21), sneezing (-0.40; 95% CI: -0.57 to -0.23) and nasal itching (-0.39; 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.25) was also demonstrated. Mometasone furoate nasal spray treated subjects also showed a significant reduction in TNNSS (-0.30; 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.18). The proportion of patients with adverse events was similar for MFNS and placebo (0.99; 95% CI: 0.81-1.20; P = 0.91).This meta-analysis provides a level Ia evidence for the efficacy of MFSN in the treatment of AR vs placebo. Adverse events frequency was similar in both groups.
630 Characterization of the mitochondrial fraction m4 revealed the predominance of PDC-E1 subunits: Re-evaluation of the antibody-frequency to PDC-E1a and -El b chains in PBC patients
Authors: C.P. Berg, G.M. Stein, R. Klein, M. Pascu, T. Berg, W. Kammer, M. Priemer, A. Nordheim, K. Schulze-Osthoff, M. Gregor, S. Wesselborg, P.A. Berg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
913-119 Coronary Angiographic and Doppler Flow Correlates of Technetium-99m Sestamibi Myocardial Perfusion Abnormalities Following Successful Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: D. Douglas Miller, José Esparza, Carol Mechem, Sheila Byers, Richard Bach, Mark D. Wittry, Morton J. Kern, Thomas J. Donohue
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Biochemistry and Physiology of the Skin
Authors: Christopher P. Crotty
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Biochemistry and Physiology of the Skin, edited by Lowell A. Goldsmith, MD, is a prestigious and magnificent addition to the dermatologic literature. Dr Goldsmith has produced a work that will be required reading for students of dermatology, as well as a thorough reference source for those interested in dermatologic research.  The contributors come from a variety of different backgrounds and are established investigators and researchers. The book is divided into two separate volumes, covering a wide range of cutaneous physiology and biochemistry of the skin. The first volume is divided into several parts, which discuss biology and biochemistry of the epidermis, dermal macromolecules and their metabolism, and cutaneous appendages and nerves. The second volume deals with a variety of different topics. These are divided among radiation and the skin, principles of cutaneous pathophysiology, including excellent chapters on immunologic-related mechanisms, and pathophysiology of blistering and metabolic skin diseases. Finally, volume 2
IL-6 Trans-Signaling in Formation and Progression of Malignant Ascites in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Chi-Wen Lo, Min-Wei Chen, Michael Hsiao, Shiuan Wang, Chi-An Chen, Sheng-Mou Hsiao, Jeng-Shou Chang, Tsung-Ching Lai, Stefan Rose-John, Min-Liang Kuo, Lin-Hung Wei
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Classic signaling by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) involves its binding to target cells that express the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor α. However, an alternate signaling pathway exists in which soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6Rα) can bind IL-6 and activate target cells that lack mIL-6Rα, such as endothelial cells. This alternate pathway, also termed trans-signaling, serves as the major IL-6 signaling pathway in various pathologic proinflammatory conditions including cancer. Here we report that sIL-6Rα is elevated in malignant ascites from ovarian cancer patients, where it is associated with poor prognosis. IL-6 trans-signaling on endothelial cells prevented chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, induced endothelial hyperpermeability, and increased transendothelial migration of ovarian cancer cells. Selective blockade of the MAPK pathway with ERK inhibitor PD98059 reduced IL-6/sIL-6Rα-mediated endothelial hyperpermeability. ERK activation by the IL-6/sIL-6Rα complex increased endothelial integrity via Src kinase activation and Y685 phosphorylation of VE-cadherin. Selective targeting of IL-6 trans-signaling in vivo reduced ascites formation and enhanced the taxane sensitivity of intraperitoneal human ovarian tumor xenografts in mice. Collectively, our results show that increased levels of sIL-6Rα found in ovarian cancer ascites drive IL-6 trans-signaling on endothelial cells, thereby contributing to cancer progression. Selective blockade of IL-6 trans-signaling may offer a promising therapeutic strategy to improve the management of patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
Myocardial Fibrosis in Glycogen Storage Disease Type III
Authors: James C.C. Moon, Helen R. Mundy, Philip J. Lee, Raad H. Mohiaddin, Dudley J. Pennell
Journal: Circulation (2003)

FISP cine imaging, short axis.a shows diastole and b, systole.c, Rest perfusion; d, Late gadolinium.Regions of hypoperfusion (arrows) are demonstrated on first pass, which show late hyperenhancement (arrows).
Cross‐reactivity between the major <i>Parietaria</i> allergen and rotavirus VP4 protein
Authors: C. Di Somma, L. Fiore, A. Di Lonardo, B. Ridolfi, C. Garzillo, A. Chersi, C. Buono, T. Menna, A. Ruffilli
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: The present study investigates immunological cross‐reactivity between Par o 1, the major pollen allergen of Parietaria , and the VP4 protein of rotavirus, a microorganism that is world‐wide the main etiological agent of gastroenteritis in children. Methods: IgG and IgE cross‐reactivity was assessed by direct binding and competitive inhibition assays (ELISA and DARIA), using recombinant VP4 from rhesus infectious rotavirus (RR), synthetic peptides and Par o 1‐specific antibodies affinity purified from pooled and individual human sera. Results: Antibodies specifically binding Par o 1, affinity purified from the sera of 35 individuals with skin test positivity to Parietaria and from 14 pools, were extensively cross‐reactive with RRVP4. Cross‐reactive binding was specifically inhibited by synthetic peptides derived from the C‐terminal sequences of the VP4 proteins from human and rhesus infectious rotavirus. Conclusions: This study reports the first evidence of cross‐reactivity between an allergen and a viral antigen.
Conflict of interest: Equanimity upset
Authors: J. Herman
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Sir William Osler was characteristically outspoken on conflicts of interest. In Aequinimitas he referred to keeping the practitioner “out of the clutches of the arch enemy of his professional independence—the pernicious literature of our camp followers, a literature increasing in bulk....The profession has no more insidious foe than the large borderland pharmaceutical houses.” 1 He proposed as an “antidote to the corroding influence of Mammon ... the presence in the community of a body of men devoted to science, living for investigation and caring nothing for the lust of the eyes and the pride of life.” 1

What would he have said about today when many such persons are, to some extent “on the take”? Would he not have concurred with the idea that the blandishments of commerce can predispose an investigator to gratitude? Is it too much to suggest that gratitude, at times a strong feeling, is hardly the stuff of which resisting “the lust of the eyes and the pride of life” is made? 

I have always considered Aequinimitas a weapon in keeping the practice of medicine from being tarred with the brush of commerce. Recently, my enthusiasm suffered a reverse when I discovered an inscription in the copy that I own. It reads: “Dear Doctor, We are presenting to you the accompanying volume of addresses by Sir William Osler .... We hope that, as you read this book, you will appreciate and share Sir William’s inspiration, his breadth of vision, and, above all, his persistent search for truth.” The signatory, of some 45 years ago, is one of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies.
Epidemiology of cancer from exposure to arylamines.
Authors: P Vineis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Occupational exposure to arylamines such as benzidine, 2-naphthylamine, and 4-aminobiphenyl is associated with exceptionally elevated risks of bladder cancer (up to 100-fold or more). In one plant, all 15 workers involved in distilling naphthylamine developed bladder cancer, suggesting that for high levels of exposure to potent carcinogens individual susceptibility is irrelevant. More recently, exposure to other arylamines also has been suggested to increase the risk of bladder cancer in humans. In addition, cohort and case-control studies suggest that several job titles or exposures may involve elevated risks of bladder cancer. Some of these jobs or exposures (such as in the aluminum industry) are associated with exposure to arylamines. Arylamines are found also in tobacco smoke, and different sources of evidence suggest that they can explain the risk of bladder cancer, which has been shown clearly in smokers. Epidemiologic analyses of timing of exposure in workers occupationally exposed to arylamines or in air-cured tobacco smokers suggest that arylamines exert both an early- and a late-stage activity, compatible with a two-mutation theory of bladder carcinogenesis.
Beneficial effects of timolol on infarct size and late ventricular tachycardia in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: F Roqué, L M Amuchastegui, M A Lopez Morillos, G A Mon, A L Girotti, S Drajer, M Fortunato, E Moreyra, P Tuero, J C Solchaga
Journal: Circulation (1987)

This investigation was undertaken to study the effects of beta-adrenergic blockade with timolol on infarct size and on the incidence of late ventricular tachycardia in patients with acute myocardial infarction of less than 6 hr of evolution. Patients were assigned randomly either to a placebo-treated group (98 patients) or to a timolol-treated group (102 patients). The patients were treated with 5.5 mg iv timolol (or matched placebo) as a bolus divided into four doses during the first 2 hr followed by 10 mg orally twice daily for 1 month. Cumulative total creatine kinase (CK) release, which reflects the amount of myocardial necrosis was 1677 +/- 132 IU/liter in the placebo group (n = 83) and 1274 +/- 73 IU/liter in the timolol group (n = 81, p less than .01), a 24% reduction. Cumulative release of CK-MB was 138 +/- 8 IU/liter in the placebo group and 106 +/- 8 IU/liter in the timolol group (p less than .01), a 23% reduction. Twenty-four hour Holter electrocardiograms were obtained on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after the onset of the acute myocardial infarction in 80 patients in the placebo group and 82 patients in the timolol group. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia was lower in the timolol than in the placebo group (7 vs 16 patients, p = .05). We conclude that early administration of intravenous timolol followed by oral treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction reduces infarct size as assessed by CK and CK-MB serum activity, and decreases the occurrence of late ventricular tachycardia.
Letter: Lawn mower injuries.
Authors: J R Hulme, A R Askew
Journal: BMJ (1974)

recommnended by the Halsbury Committee would inflate these mind-boggling sums to 12p and 9p respectively.This, surely is the form in which doctors and the public at large should have N.H.S. expenditure presented to them.It would then be plain to all that for the medical profession to help the D.H.S.S. to wallow a little less deeply in the financial mire in which it now flounders is not only super- erogatery but iirrelevant.More important, this way of looking at the costs of the care of acute illness also offers a way of meeting those costs.If every patient in hospital, except perhaps the very young and the very old, contributed lOp a day to that hospital he could rest secure in the knowledge that this trivial premium-the cost of five cigarettes, a can of coke, a bar of chocolate, or 1pints of petrol-would ensure that whatever illness he had, whatever urgent service he might need, whatever unforseen comnplication or reverse he might suffer, cover would be provided at any houir of the day or night.Doubling the levy to a mere 2Op a day would, moreover, underwrite the de.spe,rately needed increase of salaries for nurses and ancillaries.Politicians of all colours have long lacked the courage to tell their electors that this kind of service must be paid for.Perhaps, after all, the D.H.S.S.
Cerebrospinal Fluid IgG Level in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Authors: John F. Carroll
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Elevated levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were associated with elevated herpes antibody in the CSF in a case of herpes simplex encephalitis. The case was also characterized by a prolonged course and a difficult virus isolation.
Mutation signatures of carcinogen exposure: genome-wide detection and new opportunities for cancer prevention
Authors: Song Ling Poon, John R McPherson, Patrick Tan, Bin Tean Teh, Steven G Rozen
Journal: Genome Medicine (2014)

Abstract Exposure to environmental mutagens is an important cause of human cancer, and measures to reduce mutagenic and carcinogenic exposures have been highly successful at controlling cancer. Until recently, it has been possible to connect the chemical characteristics of mutagens to actual mutations observed in human tumors only indirectly. Now, next-generation sequencing technology enables us to observe in detail the DNA-sequence-level effects of well-known mutagens, such as ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke, as well as endogenous mutagenic processes, such as those involving activated DNA cytidine deaminases (APOBECs). We can also observe the effects of less well-known but potent mutagens, including those recently found to be present in some herbal remedies. Crucially, we can now tease apart the superimposed effects of several mutational exposures and processes and determine which ones occurred during the development of individual tumors. Here, we review advances in detecting these mutation signatures and discuss the implications for surveillance and prevention of cancer. The number of sequenced tumors from diverse cancer types and multiple geographic regions is growing explosively, and the genomes of these tumors will bear the signatures of even more diverse mutagenic exposures. Thus, we envision development of wide-ranging compendia of mutation signatures from tumors and a concerted effort to experimentally elucidate the signatures of a large number of mutagens. This information will be used to link signatures observed in tumors to the exposures responsible for them, which will offer unprecedented opportunities for prevention.