tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preloaded Insulin Syringes for the Blind
Authors: H. B. Eisenstadt
Journal: JAMA (1981)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— In a recent issue of JAMA, Murry G. Fischer, MD (1980;244:548), describes a method of preloading insulin syringes for unreliable diabetics. We have used this method for some time in blind diabetics who live alone or have an ineffective caretaker. We have tried various automatic and semiautomatic devices designed to fill an insulin syringe to the desired unit level. However, blind persons using such mechanisms are unable to decide if the syringe is completely filled with insulin or filled with air. Inquiry at a drug manufacturer informed us that any type of insulin can be prefilled in plastic disposable syringes for a period of two weeks, if kept in a refrigerator.
Treatment of Saphenous Vein Bypass Grafts With Ultrasound Thrombolysis
Authors: Mandeep Singh, Uri Rosenschein, Kalon K.L. Ho, Peter B. Berger, Richard Kuntz, David R. Holmes, Jr
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) with thrombus have a high frequency of distal embolization. Acolysis (therapeutic ultrasound) can break up thrombus in vitro in animal models and humans. Whether this is beneficial during percutaneous SVG interventions is unknown.We performed a trial of coronary ultrasound thrombolysis in which patients with an acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI in SVGs were randomly assigned to receive acolysis or abciximab. The primary end point was a successful procedure, defined as final luminal diameter stenosis 30% or less with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow and freedom from major adverse cardiac events (composite of death, Q-wave, and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction [MI], emergency bypass procedure, disabling stroke, and target lesion revascularization). Of 181 enrolled, 92 received acolysis and 89 abciximab. Angiographic procedural success was achieved in 63% of acolysis patients and 82% of abciximab patients (P=0.008). Incidence of major adverse cardiac events at 30 days was 25% with acolysis and 12% with abciximab (P=0.036), attributable mainly to a greater frequency of non-Q-wave MI with acolysis (19.6% versus 7.9%, P=0.03). The incidence of Q-wave MI was also higher with acolysis (5.4% versus 2.2%, P=nonsignificant). The primary end point was achieved in 53.8% of acolysis patients and 73.1% of abciximab patients (P=0.014).Use of therapeutic ultrasound in vein graft lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome had poor angiographic outcome and increased the incidence of acute ischemic complications.
“Salvage” endoscopic mucosal resection in the colon using a retroflexion gastroscope dissection technique: a prospective analysis
Authors: D. Hurlstone, D. Sanders, M. Thomson, S. Cross
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Endoscopic mucosal resection and submucosal dissection can provide curative endoscopic therapy for Paris type I/II adenomas and node-negative early cancer. No studies have addressed the technical feasibility of retroflexion endoscopic dissection methods for luminal "salvage" therapy in patients considered unresectable using conventional forward-viewing resection.Colonoscopy using an Olympus GIF-XQ240 gastroscope was carried out in 76 patients with Paris type I/II adenomas, early colorectal cancer (CRC), or laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) when the index endoscopist considered the lesion to be unresectable due to retrograde fold involvement. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and submucosal dissection were carried out using a complete retroflexion technique. Endoscopic and miniprobe 20-MHz or 12.5-MHz ultrasound follow-up data were collected prospectively up to 24 months after the index resection.Cecal intubation or cannulation to the neoterminal ileum was achieved in 76 (100 %) cases. Forty lesions (53 %) were classified in accordance with the Paris criteria as Is; 16 (21 %) as type II; 10 (13.5 %) as LST-G; and 10 (13.5 %) as LST-NG. Eight lesions (10 %) were excluded from EMR on the basis of endoscopic ultrasound criteria, with 68 of the 76 lesions (89 %) meeting the criteria for endoluminal resection. The median intubation time was 16 min (range 3-32 min). The median resection times were 98 min (range 30 - 242 min), 36 min (range 10-60 min), 172 min (range 20 - 240 min), and 60 min (range 10-116 min) for Paris Is, II, LST-G, and LST-NG lesions, respectively. LST-G morphology was associated with a high median submucosal injection volume in comparison with all other Paris types ( P < 0.05) and with a prolonged resection time ( P < 0.01). Sixty-one patients (94 %) completed the surveillance protocol. Higaki recurrence criteria were met in seven patients (11 %), with six undergoing successful adjunctive endoluminal resection. After 24 months of follow-up, the "cure" rate with endoscopic resection was 60 out of 61 (98 %).This is the first prospective study to address the safety and medium-term efficacy of retroflexion endoscopic resection in the colon. When appropriate exclusion criteria are applied, selected patients can receive curative resection using the retroflexion technique. "Salvage" endoluminal therapy may therefore be possible in such cases when surgical resection would otherwise have been required.
Induced Right-to-Left Cardiac Shunt During Pulmonary Perfusion Imaging
Authors: JOHN H. REES, JOHN J. SZIKLAS, RICHARD P. SPENCER, GANGADHAR CHALASANI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Ventilation-perfusion lung scans are routinely performed using Tc-99m labeled MAA particles administered intravenously which are subsequently trapped in the pulmonary artery capillary bed. In the presence of a right-to-left shunt, activity may be seen in the systemic circulation. Right-to-left shunts may be worsened by inducing hypoxemia which causes pulmonary artery constriction, and also by increasing venous return to the heart. In this case, the authors used various maneuvers to increase right-to-left shunting and thereby demonstrated the presence of fixed pulmonary hypertension. These findings suggested that the patient's dyspnea on exertion was not primarily because of left ventricular dysfunction, and proposed coronary bypass surgery was deferred for medical management.
Comparative Studies of Laparoscopy, Histology and Gray-Scale Echotomography in Diffuse Diseases of the Liver
Authors: H.-M. Vogel, K. Scherer, D. Look
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

In a prospective study 54 patients with normal liver, chronic alcoholic and non-alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis--all diagnoses established by laparoscopy and histology--were examined by gray-scale scanning. The following criteria proved helpful in differentiating between normal and pathologic states: variations in liver size and form, attenuation and echo pattern (form, density and distribution of echoes). The ultrasonic diagnosis is relatively simple in alcoholic fatty liver and cirrhosis, and becomes more difficult or even uncertain in mild chronic hepatitis without fibrosis. Confirmation of suspected liver disease by direct morphological methods such as laparoscopy and histology is therefore necessary.
Low-dose captopril titration in patients with moderate-to-severe hypertension treated with diuretics.
Authors: G S Thind, R K Mahapatra, A Johnson, R D Coleman
Journal: Circulation (1983)

To study the value of low-dose captopril (6.25 and 12.5 mg) and a diuretic combination, the blood pressure and heart rate of 17 patients with moderate-to-severe hypertension were monitored for 6 hours (hospital) or 3 hours (office) after the single low-dose or larger (25, 50, 100 and 150 mg) captopril dosage. All patients had preserved renal function and were taking an oral diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide or furosemide) for at least 4 weeks. The supine and upright acute blood pressure lowering with 6.25 mg was not different from the larger captopril doses; none produced persistent or profound hypotension. There was no deterioration of renal function, new or persistent increase in proteinuria, neutropenia or agranulocytosis acutely or during 17 +/- 2 weeks of follow-up. Low-dose captopril (6.25 or 12.5 mg three times daily) normalized the supine blood pressure of 35% of these patients acutely. We suggest that in hypertensive patients already taking a diuretic, a lower starting dose of captopril than the recommended 25 mg three times daily may be desirable.
Acceleration of cerebellar conditioning through improved detection of its sensory input
Authors: Aryeh H. Taub, Eyal Segalis, Mira Marcus-Kalish, Matti Mintz
Journal: Brain-Computer Interfaces (2014)

We studied whether slow cerebellar motor-learning is related to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the sensory signals at the pontine nucleus (PN). Rats’ PN activity was recorded during baseline and in response to auditory-stimuli. Response SNR was associated inversely with the level of baseline activity. To test the implications of this finding on cerebellar learning, a brain-computer interface was devised to analyze on-line the PN activity and deliver paired auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) and periorbital unconditioned stimulus trials, on low level baseline activity. This maneuver resulted in PN responses of high SNR and accelerated eyeblink-conditioning. These findings suggest that the poly-sensory noisy activity in the PN reduces the SNR of the CS, compromising its detection in the cerebellum which in turn slows-down the learning rate. Present results suggest a unique way in which brain-computer interfaces can be used to potentiate and expedite motor learning in healthy and brain degenerated subjects.
Reversal of female sterilisation.
Authors: J P Calvert
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Female sterilization is the most widely used contraceptive method in at least twenty countries with an estimated 138 million women of reproductive age now sterilized.  16% of all married women of reproductive age are therefore sexually sterilized; the proportion is highest in China and the US at 30% and 26% respectively.  10% of sterilized women have some degree of regret about having undergone the procedure.  0.1-0.3% of sterilized women in developing countries and 1-3% of sterilized women in developed countries ask about surgery to restore their fertility with about one-third of the women in developed countries who consult with a doctor eventually proceeding to have reversal surgery.  Women considering female sterilization must be counseled that the process aims to confer to the patient a permanent method of contraception.  Female sterilization should be considered as neither temporary nor reversible.  Even with the best possible counseling however some women will eventually want to have their sexual sterilization reversed.  Sterilization operations should therefore cause minimal trauma in the effort to maximize the chance of successful reversal should the patient ultimately demand it.  Appropriately performed reversal has a high success rate but there remains a need for better means of reliable but reversible long-term contraception.  The author explains who requests reversal and how the initial sterilization technique the time interval from the initial sterilization the technique of reversal and the surgical experience of the practitioner all affect the potential success of sterilization reversal.
Muc-1 Expression May Help Characterize Thyroid Nodules but Does Not Predict Patients’ Outcome
Authors: Elaine Cristina Morari, Joyce Rosário Silva, Ana Carolina Trindade Guilhen, Lucas Leite Cunha, Marjory Alana Marcello, Fernando Augusto Soares, José Vassallo, Laura Sterian Ward
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2010)
The mutational landscape of Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines determined by whole-exome sequencing
Authors: Y Liu, F R Abdul Razak, M Terpstra, F C Chan, A Saber, M Nijland, G van Imhoff, L Visser, R Gascoyne, C Steidl, J Kluiver, A Diepstra, K Kok, A van den Berg
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
The fractional rate of change of ventricular power during isovolumic contraction Derivation of haemodynamic terms and studies in dogs
Authors: P. D. STEIN, G. G. MCBRIDE, H. N. SABBAH
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Journal Article The fractional rate of change of ventricular power during isovolumic contraction Derivation of haemodynamic terms and studies in dogs Get access PAUL D. STEIN, PAUL D. STEIN From the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine and Veterans Administration Hospital, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. GRADY MCBRIDE, G. GRADY MCBRIDE From the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine and Veterans Administration Hospital, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HANI N. SABBAH HANI N. SABBAH From the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine and Veterans Administration Hospital, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 9, Issue 4, July 1975, Pages 456–467, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/9.4.456 Published: 01 July 1975
Immunoaugmentative Therapy-Reply
Authors: Eric P. Batson
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In his editorial, Dr Nightingale<sup>1</sup>did not indicate awareness that every DATTA survey packet includes standard definitions for<i>established, investigational, unacceptable, indeterminate, safety</i>, and<i>effectiveness</i>. These definitions are now published with every DATTA opinion.<sup>2</sup> Dr Nightingale and Mr Wiewel question applying the standard DATTA process to IAT. The DATTA surveys provide qualitative evaluations based on the opinions of a large number of experts and review of the scientific literature. In that context, the study of IAT was appropriate. Patients and physicians are making decisions about IAT now and they need the best information available, even if it is incomplete. We are actively pursuing enhancements to DATTA and appreciate Dr Nightingale's comments. Nevertheless, while published peerreviewed data directly supporting any efficacy for IAT in humans do not exist, there are data on the safety of IAT. The DATTA panel was aware of these data and based
Medical audit in neonatal care.
Authors: T H Williams, D P Davies
Journal: BMJ (1980)

A system of medical audit on a neonatal unit based on the primary reason for admission may be used alongside the more conventional type of audit of mortality and morbidity by birthweight and gestation using a diagnostic classification of disease. The method provides a more accurate description of all babies admitted to a neonatal unit and thus a more comprehensive measure of work undertaken.
THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION IN PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA ACCOMPANIED BY HIGH CARBON DIOXIDE LEVELS 1
Authors: H. J. Boutourline-Young, J. L. Whittenberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1951)

A syndrome resembling carbon dioxide narcosis, which may be precipitated by the administration of oxygen to patients with advanced emphysema, has attracted increasing attention in recent years, although few reports on this subject have appeared in the literature (1-7). A similar response to oxygen has been described by Marshall and Rosenfeld (8) in experimental animals anesthetized with barbiturates or morphine. Marshall and Rosenfeld's analysis provides a basis for understanding the phenomenon in man; in the presence of an increased level of carbon dioxide in the alveolar air and arterial blood, the respiratory center becomes adjusted to the high carbon dioxide pressure, so that carbon dioxide no longer dominates the chemical control of respiration. Such a loss of sensitivity to carbon dioxide in patients with advanced emphysema was demonstrated in 1920 by Scott (9). In the presence of high levels of carbon dioxide and diminished responsiveness of the respiratory center, the principal stimulus to breathing arises from the effects of hypoxia on the carotid body and aortic chemoreceptors. When the stimulus is removed by relief of the hypoxia through oxygen administration, the driving mechanism is weakened or absent, and pulmonary ventilation falls.
An anti-major histocompatibility complex class I intrabody protects endothelial cells from an attack by immune mediators
Authors: C DOEBIS, S SCHU, J LADHOFF, A BUSCH, F BEYER, J REISER, R NICOSIA, S BROESEL, H VOLK, M SEIFERT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective:In vitro endothelialization has significantly improved the overall outcome of artificial prostheses in cardiovascular bypass surgery. A drawback of this tissue-engineering method remains the limited availability of suitable autologous endothelial cells (EC), especially in aged patients. Allogeneic EC with high proliferative capacity represent a potentially valuable alternative to a patient-specific vascular transplant. However, such cells carry the risk of being rejected due to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) mismatches. Methods: We investigated the effects of a very potent, intracellularly expressed antibody directed against MHC class I molecules, referred to as α-rat MHC I single chain variable fragment (sFv) intrabody. The intrabody was stably expressed in rat aortic EC (RAEC) following lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer. The functional consequence of the MHC I down-regulation was tested in an allogeneic setting in two different in vitro assays. Results: Stable expression of the α-rat MHC I sFv intrabody resulted in a highly efficient depletion of surface MHC I. Thereby those RAEC which displayed low MHC I levels over extended periods of time were protected against killing by allo-specific, cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and by allo-antibody/complement-mediated lysis. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that intrabody-mediated down-regulation of MHC I reduces the immunogenicity of RAEC which may provide a suitable alternative supply for the lining of vascular prostheses.
Most British research and development in primary care arises outside rural areas
Authors: W. Caan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Nicotine replacement therapy should be prescribable on NHSEditor-I welcome the publication of the open letter to the prime minister about tobacco-the most important preventable cause of death in Europe. 1 As Jo E Asvall points out in the letter, tobacco control demands the support of, and action by, the total government, not just the Department of Health.Among the actions Asvall calls for is that "support for smoking cessation is made widely available, particularly through primary health care professionals, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists."Nicotine replacement therapy (nicotine gum, patches, nasal spray, and oral inhaler) is now fully established as an effective adjunct to such professional advice and support.Systematic review of many trials has shown a doubling of sustained smoking cessation when nicotine replacement therapy is compared with placebo. 2 The offer of nicotine patches to motivated subjects for a week in the first instance could be a useful policy. 3 But the recommendation of such therapy by health professionals and the use of such therapy by smokers are severely limited by NHS "blacklisting."I can prescribe on the NHS for alcohol problems and even obesity.I can also prescribe for tobacco addiction-but only products of unproved efficacy for this problem, such as tranquillisers and antidepressants, not one of proved effectiveness.Why not nicotine replacement therapy?So much for evidence based medicine.
Tissue Transglutaminase (TG2) Acting as G Protein Protects Hepatocytes Against Fas-Mediated Cell Death in Mice *
Authors: Zsolt Sarang, Péter Molnár, Tamás Németh, Szabolcs Gomba, Tamás Kardon, Gerry Melino, Susanna Cotecchia, László Fésüs, Zsuzsa Szondy
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a protein cross-linking enzyme known to be expressed by hepatocytes and to be induced during the in vivo hepatic apoptosis program. TG2 is also a G protein that mediates intracellular signaling by the alpha-1b-adrenergic receptor (AR) in liver cells. Fas/Fas ligand interaction plays a crucial role in various liver diseases, and administration of agonistic anti-Fas antibodies to mice causes both disseminated endothelial cell apoptosis and fulminant hepatic failure. Here we report that an intraperitoneal dose of anti-Fas antibodies, which is sublethal for wild-type mice, kills all the TG2 knock-out mice within 20 hours. Although TG2−/− thymocytes exposed to anti-Fas antibodies die at the same rate as wild-type mice, TG2−/− hepatocytes show increased sensitivity toward anti-Fas treatment both in vivo and in vitro, with no change in their cell surface expression of Fas, levels of FLIPL (FLICE-inhibitory protein), or the rate of I-κBα degradation, but a decrease in the Bcl-xL expression. We provide evidence that this is the consequence of the impaired AR signaling that normally regulates the levels of Bcl-xL in the liver. In conclusion , our data suggest the involvement of adrenergic signaling pathways in the hepatic regeneration program, in which Fas ligand-induced hepatocyte proliferation with a simultaneous inhibition of the Fas-death pathway plays a determinant role. (Hepatology 2005.)
A New Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: P. J. Dally, W. Sargant
Journal: BMJ (1960)

Current views on the pathological processes involved are presented and the value of electrodiagnostic tests is discussed.No clear evidence emerges from this series to prove the value of facial-nerve decompression, and there is a strong case for a large-scale clinical investigation to evaluate this and other methods of treatment.
Heritable GATA2 mutations associated with familial myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Christopher N Hahn, Chan-Eng Chong, Catherine L Carmichael, Ella J Wilkins, Peter J Brautigan, Xiao-Chun Li, Milena Babic, Ming Lin, Amandine Carmagnac, Young K Lee, Chung H Kok, Lucia Gagliardi, Kathryn L Friend, Paul G Ekert, Carolyn M Butcher, Anna L Brown, Ian D Lewis, L Bik To, Andrew E Timms, Jan Storek, Sarah Moore, Meryl Altree, Robert Escher, Peter G Bardy, Graeme K Suthers, Richard J D'Andrea, Marshall S Horwitz, Hamish S Scott
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)