tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Discussion Groups for Medical Patients
Authors: M. Pavlou, M. Hartings, F.A. Davis
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1978)

Describing 14 professionally run discussion groups for multiple sclerosis patients, this paper delineates appropriate functions and goals of the medical discussion group. Such groups address coping activities related to affiliation with a social reference group, information seeking and, in a more limited way, consolidation of intrapsychic resources. The discussion describes the dynamic issues which arise in the groups and explores ways in which group dynamics interact with the medical format.
IMPACTED URETERAL CALCULI RELEASED BY FULGURATION
Authors: H. D. Furniss
Journal: JAMA (1913)

This case is of interest in that it shows an error of diagnosis and offers a suggestion as to a new method of treatment. <h3>Patient.</h3> —Mrs. B. G., a large, stout woman, aged 49, referred to me by Dr. E. W. Peterson. Uneventful menopause. Ten normal labors and one miscarriage. Admitted to the Post-Graduate Hospital July 16, 1912. <h3>History.</h3> —Eleven years previously she had a sudden attack of pain in the right lumbar region, radiating downward to the bladder. This lasted for a day or two, and she passed some gravel and had moderate hematuria. There was no similar trouble until three months ago when she had a recurrence of the attack of eleven years ago. Since that time she has had frequent and urgent urination, and at times sudden cessation of the urinary flow, before the bladder was empty. She has noticed that the urine is turbid and contains
Rapid Growth of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Kyoichi Kaira, Kunio Dobashi, Noriko Yanagitani, Noriaki Sunaga, Yasuo Shimizu, Takeshi Hisada, Tamotsu Ishizuka, Takashi Nakajima, Masatomo Mori
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Maturation and Activation of Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal Function in Fetal Sheep*
Authors: JOHN R. G. CHALLIS, A. NIGEL BROOKS
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1989)

PRETERM labor and prematurity with immaturity remain major problems in clinical obstetric practice. In North America approximately 5–8% of all deliveries occur preterm, and the figure may be higher in lower socioeconomic groups (1, 2). It is now clear that parturition results from a complex interplay of maternal and fetal factors, and in animals such as sheep birth results from the sequential maturation of an endocrine organ communication system. The fetal hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis occupies a pivotal position in this system. Cortisol from the fetal adrenal gland provides the trigger to the subsequent evolution of maternal endocrine changes, including enhanced prostaglandin F2α output, that result in increased uterine activity and birth. Fetal adrenal cortisol also participates in the stimulus to synchronous maturation of various fetal organ systems, including the lung, that are essential for extrauterine survival. Hence, this review will concentrate on discussing those factors that determine the ontogeny and activation of the ovine fetal HPA axis.
Contractile function, myosin ATPase activity and isozymes in the hypertrophied pig left ventricle after a chronic progressive pressure overload.
Authors: T Wisenbaugh, P Allen, G Cooper, H Holzgrefe, G Beller, B Carabello
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Experimental right ventricular pressure-overload hypertrophy in small mammals is associated with early muscle dysfunction, even before the onset of overt pump failure. Experimental results are quite heterogeneous regarding muscle function of the pressure hypertrophied left ventricle. Muscle dysfunction of the right or left ventricle, when found, may be causally related to alterations of myosin ATPase activity and isozyme type. However, the effect of a gradual pressure overload, analogous to that which occurs in human aortic stenosis, on myocardial contractile function and myosin ATPase activity has not been studied in a large animal whose normal myosin isozyme pattern resembles that of man. We therefore studied pump performance, myocardial contractile function, and myosin ATPase activity and isozyme pattern in pigs with severe, gradually applied left ventricular pressure overload. Thirteen weeks after supravalvular aortic banding, 10 pigs grew more than 7-fold in body weight and were found to have an aortic stenosis area of 0.5 +/- 0.1 cm2 with a gradient of 93 +/- 12 mm Hg. Compared with nine control animals, the banded animals had a 67% increase in left ventricular mass relative to body weight without overt pump failure as measured by cardiac index and pulmonary artery wedge pressure. Left ventricular ejection performance, measured as shortening fraction, was maintained except in three animals with extreme hypertrophy, in which depressed ejection performance may have been due to an afterload mismatch, myocardial dysfunction, or both. Myocardial contractile function, determined from the end-systolic stress-diameter relationship, was normal except in two pigs in which ejection performance was depressed and left ventricular mass was more than doubled. Only the slow V3 isozyme of myosin ATPase was found in both normal and hypertrophied pig myocardium, and the ATPase activity was normal in pigs with all degrees of hypertrophy. Thus, in a large animal model of severe, gradual left ventricular pressure overload, in which myosin isozyme pattern remains apparently unaltered, moderate hypertrophy can be associated with normal myosin ATPase activity and contractile function that is normal by current methods of evaluation.
Perspectives on Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Alan R. Aronson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<i>Perspectives on Clinical Decision Making</i>, by Suzanne B. Knoebel, MD, is an excellent introductory text on the subject of decision analysis. In this era of cost containment, diagnosis related groups, and quality and utilization controls, the discipline of decision analysis and probability theory as related to medicine is of major importance if we are to be able to communicate quantitatively among ourselves and with others who are responsible for the provision of health care in our country. The author uses a concise literary style in giving her readers a conceptualization of what decision analysis is and how it relates to diagnosis, alternative therapies, and cost-effectiveness. The book is designed for the physician who wishes to be conversant in the subject of decision analysis. It is not an in-depth mathematical treatise using flow charts, decision trees, or Boolean algebra. It does allow the reader to understand probability and decision making and
P-glycoprotein ABCB1: a major player in drug handling by mammals
Authors: Piet Borst, Alfred H. Schinkel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Mammalian P-glycoproteins are active drug efflux transporters located in the plasma membrane. In the early nineties, we generated knockouts of the three P-glycoprotein genes of mice, the Mdr1a, Mdr1b, and Mdr2 P-glycoproteins, now known as Abcb1a, Abcb1b, and Abcb4, respectively. In the JCI papers that are the subject of this Hindsight, we showed that loss of Mdr1a (Abcb1a) had a profound effect on the tissue distribution and especially the brain accumulation of a range of drugs frequently used in humans, including dexamethasone, digoxin, cyclosporin A, ondansetron, domperidone, and loperamide. All drugs were shown to be excellent substrates of the murine ABCB1A P-glycoprotein and its human counterpart, the MDR1 P-glycoprotein, ABCB1. We found that the ability of ABCB1 to prevent accumulation of some drugs in the brain is a prerequisite for their clinical use, as absence of the transporter led to severe toxicity or undesired CNS pharmacodynamic effects. Subsequent work has fully confirmed the profound effect of the drug-transporting ABCB1 P-glycoprotein on the pharmacokinetics of drugs in humans. In fact, every new drug is now screened for transport by ABCB1, as this limits oral availability and penetration into sanctuaries protected by ABCB1, such as the brain.
Acid-Base Disorders in Health and Disease
Authors: Saulo Klahr
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Dr. Howard Linder, Senior Assistant Resident, Department of Medicine, the Jewish Hospital of St. Louis and Assistant in Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine: The patient is a 46-year-old white woman who had a right mastectomy and radiation therapy of the right chest and axilla five years before her present hospital admission. She was found to have a right Horner's sign 3 1/2 years later. One year prior to admission, bilateral pleural effusions and cutaneous metastatic disease had been discovered. Subsequently the patient was treated with diuretics, fluorouracil, and fluoxymesterone (Halotestin). Recently she had experienced the insidious onset of nausea, vomiting, and dysphagia, but she denied abdominal pain and previous history of dysphagia, excessive alkaline intake, or dark stools. On physical examination the patient was in moderate respiratory distress. Blood pressure was 120 mm Hg, systolic and 80 mm Hg, diastolic; pulse rate, 80 beats per minute and regular, and
The phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) by engineered surfaces with electrostatically or covalently immobilized VEGF
Authors: Sean M. Anderson, Tom T. Chen, M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe, Tatiana Segura
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)

Growth factors are a class of signaling proteins that direct cell fate through interaction with cell-surface receptors. Although a myriad of possible cell fates stems from a growth factor binding to its receptor, the signaling cascades that result in one fate over another are still being elucidated. One possible mechanism by which nature modulates growth factor signaling is through the method of presentation of the growth factor--soluble or immobilized (matrix bound). Here we present the methodology to study signaling of soluble versus immobilized VEGF through VEGFR-2. We have designed a strategy to covalently immobilize VEGF using its heparin-binding domain to orient the molecule (bind) and a secondary functional group to mediate covalent binding (lock). This bind-and-lock approach aims to allow VEGF to assume a bioactive orientation before covalent immobilization. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) demonstrated heparin and VEGF binding with surface densities of 60 ng/cm2 and 100 pg/cm2, respectively. ELISA experiments confirmed VEGF surface density and showed that electrostatically bound VEGF releases in cell medium and heparin solutions while covalently bound VEGF remains immobilized. Electrostatically bound VEGF and covalently bound VEGF phosphorylate VEGFR-2 in both VEGFR-2 transfected cells and VEGFR-2 endogenously producing cells. HUVECs plated on VEGF functionalized surfaces showed different morphologies between surface-bound VEGF and soluble VEGF. The surfaces synthesized in these studies allow for the study of VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling induced by covalently bound, electrostatically bound, and soluble VEGF and may provide further insight into the design of materials for the generation of a mature and stable vasculature.
779-6 Human Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase is Expressed in Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Valvular and Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Guy A. Haywood, Philip J. Keeling, Philip Tsao, Neil P. Lewis, Heiko von der Leyen, Christopher D. Byrne, Pedro Trindade, Peter Rickenbacher, John P. Cooke, William J. McKenna, Michael B. Fowler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Correlation of regional densitometry patterns, radiological appearances, and pulmonary function tests in chronic bronchitis and emphysema
Authors: G. R. Sutherland, R. Hume, W. B. James, M. Davison, J. Kennedy
Journal: Thorax (1971)

In the present study we compared the efficacy and safety of the new dopamine agonist cabergoline (CBG) with bromocriptine (BCR) in Parkinson9s disease (PD).CBG has a very long half-life and can be administered as a single daily dose. Forty-four PD patients with uncontrolled motor fluctuations participated in the study. Patients were randomly and blindly assigned to equivalent doses of either CBG or BCR in addition to preexisting levodopa. Dosage was titrated to optimal, using up to 6 mg of CBG or 40 mg of BCR daily. CBG was given as a single morning dose whereas BCR was administered tid. Sixteen patients were followed for 1 year and 16 additional patients for 6 months. The mean follow-up duration was 9 +/- 5 months. The main effect of both drugs was observed on motor UPDRS scores, rigidity, bradykinesia items, and the percentage of awake hours spent during ``on99 and ``off.99 In general, the effect of CBG was similar to that of BCR. The percentage of awake hours spent during ``on99 was higher with CBG as compared with BCR. Adverse events included dyskinesias, orthostatism, confusion, edema, and paresthesias in limbs. These effects were seen at similar frequencies with both drugs. The study shows that CBG given as a single morning dose is at least as efficacious as BCR given tid. CBG is a promising dopamine agonist for the treatment of motor fluctuations in PD. <b>NEUROLOGY 1996;47: </b> 785-788
760 SORAFENIB DECREASES PORTAL PRESSURE, PORTOSYSTEMIC COLLATERAL BLOOD FLOW AND SPLANCHNIC BLOOD FLOW IN RATS WITH PREHEPATIC PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: T. Reiberger, B. Angermayr, P. Schwabl, N. Rohr-Udilova, M. Peck-Radosavljevic
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Effect of bariatric surgery on liver glucose metabolism in morbidly obese diabetic and non-diabetic patients
Authors: Heidi Immonen, Jarna C. Hannukainen, Patricia Iozzo, Minna Soinio, Paulina Salminen, Virva Saunavaara, Ronald Borra, Riitta Parkkola, Andrea Mari, Terho Lehtimäki, Tam Pham, Jukka Laine, Vesa Kärjä, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Lassi Nelimarkka, Pirjo Nuutila
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Seizure Disorders Among Prisoners
Authors: Lowell E. White
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  The interesting and straightforward article by King and Young was stimulating to read, particularly since the recent Presidential Commission Report on Control of Epilepsy and Its Consequences pointed out the lack of hard data on which to base realistic incidence figures. The Commission came up with a projected overall incidence of 1% of the population, twice that of the usual medical survey data indicating an incidence of 0.5%. Similarly, on the basis of mixed data the Epilepsy Foundation of America has in the past used an estimated figure of 2%. These projected incidence rates suggest that the 1.9% incidence rate in prisoners may be closer to reality in the general population than previously realized. A recent unpublished community population survey of Mobile County in Alabama on the incidence of developmental disabilities shows an epilepsy incidence of 1.49%. Furthermore, when the community population survey data are compared with
Birth Weight and Adult Hypertension and Obesity in Women
Authors: Gary C. Curhan, Glenn M. Chertow, Walter C. Willett, Donna Spiegelman, Graham A. Colditz, JoAnn E. Manson, Frank E. Speizer, Meir J. Stampfer
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Low birth weight has been associated with an increased risk of hypertension, and high birth weight has been associated with increased adult body mass index. Published studies on adults have included only a small number of women. Methods and Results We studied 71 100 women in the Nurses' Health Study I (NHS I) who were 30 to 55 years of age in 1976 and 92 940 women in the Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II) who were 25 to 42 years of age in 1989. Information on birth weight, blood pressure, physician-diagnosed hypertension, and other relevant variables was collected by biennial mailed questionnaire. Ninety-five percent of the women were white. Compared with women in the middle category of birth weight (NHS I, 7.1 to 8.5 lb; NHS II, 7.0 to 8.4 lb), the age-adjusted odds ratio of hypertension in NHS I women with birth weights &lt;5.0 lb was 1.39 (95% CI, 1.29 to 1.50); in NHS II, for birth weights &lt;5.5 lb, the age-adjusted odds ratio was 1.43 (95% CI, 1.31 to 1.56). There was no material change in the estimates after adjustment for other risk factors. In addition, compared with women in NHS I who weighed 7.1 to 8.5 lb at birth, those who weighed &gt;10 lb had an age-adjusted odds ratio of 1.62 (95% CI, 1.38 to 1.90) of being in the highest (&gt;29.2 kg/m 2 ) versus the lowest (&lt;21.9 kg/m 2 ) quintile of body mass index in midlife. Similar results were seen in the NHS II cohort. Conclusions Early life exposures affecting birth weight may be important in the development of hypertension and obesity in adults.
Abstract 3407: Analysis of the MET dependent proteins expression in cervical carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Elzbieta Trzyna
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract MET receptor and its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are important players in mitogenesis, morphogenesis and acquisition of migratory phenotype. HGF/MET axis plays its role in neoplastic transformation through activation of key oncogenic pathways and influencing dissociation ability of cells leading to metastasis. Overexpression of MET receptor has been observed in a variety of tumors. Cervical carcinoma (CC) is the second most common malignancy in women worldwide, and it remains a leading cause of cancer-related death for women in developing countries. Clinical manifestation of CC is very diverse from in situ cancers to very invasive and strongly metastatic to neighbouring and distal organs (lungs, liver, bones). In this work we study the expression of MET dependent proteins in cervical carcinoma cell lines (HeLa, HTB34, HTB35) using mass spectrometry analysis. We prepared cervical carcinoma cell lines with silenced MET gene. Cells were transduced with lentiviral vector containing shRNA against MET. shRNA was designed based on siRNA sequence silencing this particular gene in 80%. Silenced and wild type cells were cultured and lysed. Proteins from various cell compartments were isolated. 2-dimentional electophoresis and silver staining of the gels were performed followed by software and mass spectrometry analysis. We detected differences in proteins expression among wild type samples and silenced HTB34 cell line in amount of proteins (examples: Heat shock protein 75 kDa, Leukocyte elastase inhibitor). Analysed proteins were also separated by 2D electrophoresis and we observed differences in pH of these proteins among wild type and silenced probes (examples: TAR DNA-binding protein 43, Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase). Other proteins were present either in wild type HTB34 (example: Importin subunit alpha-2, Putative elongation factor1-alpha-like3,) or silenced HTB34 (example: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit, Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit, LIM and SH3 domain protein 1). Analysis of these proteins gives as information about particular proteins involved in MET dependent regulation of cervical carcinoma cell lines. Characterization of HTB35 and HeLa proteins is pending. The results of this study can be used to better understand the biology of cervical carcinoma. They can be also used to develop new therapeutic strategies to treat cervical carcinoma patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3407. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3407
APPARATUS FOR PREVENTION OF FOOT DROP IN CASES REQUIRING PROLONGED TREATMENT IN EXTENSION
Authors: J. Frank Hewitt
Journal: JAMA (1931)

During our hospital training we have been particularly impressed by the totally inadequate methods in vogue for the prevention of foot drop in cases requiring prolonged treatment in extension apparatus. Our previous attempts at preventing foot drop had usually been by careful policing of the patients and definite exercising of the ankle joint, or by placing some wadding of cotton or other soft material between the spreader and the foot, which was effectual so long as it stayed in place. This usually slipped and was a constant source of worry to the patient, nurse and house officer. The most universally used and most satisfactory method up to this time was found by placing a padded wooden sole on the bottom of the foot, fixing this lightly with adhesive tape, placing strings or tape in the support and then holding the foot in proper position by attaching these to the cradle
Medium Isn't Accurate 'Ice Age' Message
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

HYPE IS A WEAPON that may backfire in the war on drugs. The advent of Ice, a smokable, crystal form of d-methamphetamine hydrochloride, could prove as much, say some researchers. "My cocaine smoking subjects are very interested" in Ice, which is being "beautifully advertised by the media," says Marian Fischman, PhD, associate professor of psychiatry at The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. "The message sent and the message received are not always the same," stresses Donald Wesson, MD, associate clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of California at San Francisco. Both spoke at a symposium on "Anticipating the New Ice Age." Ice leads drug-related arrests in Hawaii, causing 20% more than cocaine, according to the Honolulu police department. The University of Michigan annual survey of high school seniors found a 1.2% use rate nationwide, 3% in the West, and slightly higher rates among 19-to 28-year-olds. The appeal of Ice to
Air Pollution in China
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2011)

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The Southwestern American Indian's Burden: Biliary Disease
Authors: Maurice L. Sievers
Journal: JAMA (1962)

IT IS BECOMING increasingly apparent that the prevalence of gallbladder disease is significantly greater among American Indians than among Caucasians. Supportive data in this regard have been reported previously for the Sioux, Navajo, and Pima tribes. The present study concerns biliary disease among Indians of the southwestern United States. Methods and Material The Phoenix Public Health Service Indian Hospital serves as a referral for an Indian beneficiary population of over 53,000 located in Arizona, Nevada, California, and Utah. Tribal distribution of the admissions is shown in Table 1. All pertinent hospital records were studied for fiscal years 1954 through 1961. Death and autopsy information is based on 283 death certificates for adults and 194 autopsy examinations (68.6%). The diagnostic files, medical records, surgical pathological files, operating-room records, hospital cancer registry, and radiographie files were also examined. Results During the 8-year period, fiscal 1954 through 1961, 14,161 patients (9,429 adults) were