tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THEORIES OF SUGGESTION
Authors: W. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1928)

The word  has been used in educational, scientific and medical literature in slightly different senses. In psychological medicine the use of suggestion has developed out of the earlier use of hypnotic influence.Charcot defined hypnosis as an artificial hysteria, Bernheim as an artificially increased suggestibility. The two definitions need to be combined to give an adequate account of hypnosis. Moreover, due allowance should be made for the factors of dissociation and of rapport in hypnotic phenomena.The relationships between dissociation, suggestibility, and hypnotizability.Theories of suggestion propounded by Pierre Janet, Freud, McDougall, Pawlow and others. Ernest Jones's theory of the nature of auto-suggestion. Janet explains suggestion in terms of ideo-motor action in which the suggested idea, because of the inactivity of competing ideas, produces its maximum effect. Freud explains rapport in terms of the sex instinct inhibited in its aim (transference) and brings in his distinction of ego and ego-ideal (or super-ego) to supplement the theory. Jones explains auto-suggestion in terms of narcissism. McDougall explains hypnotic suggestion in terms of the instinct of self-abasement. But different instincts may supply the driving power to produce suggestion-effects in different circumstances. Such instincts as those of self-preservation (fear) and gregariousness may play their part. Auto-suggestion as a therapeutic factor is badly named. It supplements, but does not supplant the will, and makes complete volition possible.
THE FRACTIONAL PRECIPITATION OF THE GLOBULIN AND ALBUMIN OF NORMAL HORSE'S SERUM AND DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIC SERUM, AND THE ANTITOXIC STRENGTH OF THE PRECIPITATES
Authors: James P. Atkinson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1900)

1. The globulins of both normal and diphtheria antitoxic serum exhibit chemically toward reagents the same reactions, being precipitated by magnesium sulphate and split up into fractions in precisely the same way. 2. All of the diphtheric antitoxic power of both normal and immunized serum is always carried by the globulin and its fractional precipitates. 3. During the fractional precipitation of the serum globulin of horses immunized from diphtheria toxin and horses not immunized from diphtheria toxin, some of the globulin is lost, likewise at the same time some of the antitoxic power of the globulin of the immunized serum is lost. 4. These reactions, considered in connection with the fact that different observers as well as we ourselves have found diphtheric antitoxic power in normal horse's serum and that this antitoxin separates with the globulin, strongly incline us to consider "diphtheria antitoxin" a form of globulin. 5. The reactions of globulin, previously separated from the serum by magnesium sulphate, with sodium chloride lead one to think that there is a formation of globulin salts. 6. Since serum albumin in a magnesium sulphate solution gives fractional precipitates at definite temperatures, it seems not improbable that the albumin is precipitated in the form of albumin salts.
CASE IN WHICH TEN TUMOURS WERE FOUND IN THE BRAIN AFTER DEATH: EXTENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TUMOURS IN VARIOUS ORGANS
Authors: S. T. Speer
Journal: BMJ (1854)

a spasmodic affection of the respiratory organs, resembling a it of asthma.When first seen, 8she wa ying on her back, Mpng, for breath.The countenance was pale, livd, be- dewd with moisture, and exprsive of much anxiety; the ali nasi were greatly distended at each inspirstion.There W a short dry cough, coming on occasionally in paroxysms, but without expectoration.The pulse was 85, small.Py.The upper portion of the thorax was uMs y full, rounded, and resonant on percussion.There wa no depression above the clavices.Over the lower part of the rinht side there was a dullish sound, appartly
Google needs better control of its advertisements and suggested links
Authors: M. Masoni, M. R. Guelfi, G. F. Gensini
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Searching for information is one of the most popular uses of the internet, and medical information is among the types of information that are most sought. Therefore how internet search engines present sources of information to users is important. As the internet is not well policed and regulated, it is up to members of the medical community to be vigilant and to suggest improvements.

Google, the most popular internet search engine, earns much of its revenue from advertisements related to search terms entered into it. We have noticed that Google’s sponsored links are sometimes to web pages that contain worrying medical claims. On 19 January 2009 we used Google Italia to search on the keyword “aloe.” On the first page of results two sponsored links appeared at the top of the …
Validation of Sickness Impact Profile and Psoriasis Disability Index in psoriasis
Authors: A.Y. FINLAY, G.K. KHAN, D.K. LUSCOMBE, M.S. SALEK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

A prospective cross-sectional questionnaire study of 32 patients with psoriasis was carried out in order to validate the use of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) in psoriasis and compare its sensitivity with the Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI). Overall PDI scores, but not overall SIP scores, correlated well with PASI scores (P<0·05). There was good correlation between the PDI and overall SIP scores (P<0·01). Psychosocial factors are more severely impaired than physical activities in patients with psoriasis. It is now possible to directly compare the disability experienced by psoriatic patients with that experienced by patients suffering from other systemic diseases, using the SIP. The PDI is an appropriate method to give a rapid overall measure of psoriasis disability.
Differences in Birth Weight Associated with the 2008 Beijing Olympics Air Pollution Reduction: Results from a Natural Experiment
Authors: David Q. Rich, Kaibo Liu, Jinliang Zhang, Sally W. Thurston, Timothy P. Stevens, Ying Pan, Cathleen Kane, Barry Weinberger, Pamela Ohman-Strickland, Tracey J. Woodruff, Xiaoli Duan, Vanessa Assibey-Mensah, Junfeng Zhang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Previous studies have reported decreased birth weight associated with increased air pollutant concentrations during pregnancy. However, it is not clear when during pregnancy increases in air pollution are associated with the largest differences in birth weight.Using the natural experiment of air pollution declines during the 2008 Beijing Olympics, we evaluated whether having specific months of pregnancy (i.e., 1st…8th) during the 2008 Olympics period was associated with larger birth weights, compared with pregnancies during the same dates in 2007 or 2009.Using n = 83,672 term births to mothers residing in four urban districts of Beijing, we estimated the difference in birth weight associated with having individual months of pregnancy during the 2008 Olympics (8 August-24 September 2008) compared with the same dates in 2007 and 2009. We also estimated the difference in birth weight associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in mean ambient particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations during each pregnancy month.Babies whose 8th month of gestation occurred during the 2008 Olympics were, on average, 23 g larger (95% CI: 5 g, 40 g) than babies whose 8th month occurred during the same calendar dates in 2007 or 2009. IQR increases in PM2.5 (19.8 μg/m3), CO (0.3 ppm), SO2 (1.8 ppb), and NO2 (13.6 ppb) concentrations during the 8th month of pregnancy were associated with 18 g (95% CI: -32 g, -3 g), 17 g (95% CI: -28 g, -6 g), 23 g (95% CI: -36 g, -10 g), and 34 g (95% CI: -70 g, 3 g) decreases in birth weight, respectively. We did not see significant associations for months 1-7.Short-term decreases in air pollution late in pregnancy in Beijing during the 2008 Summer Olympics, a normally heavily polluted city, were associated with higher birth weight.Rich DQ, Liu K, Zhang J, Thurston SW, Stevens TP, Pan Y, Kane C, Weinberger B, Ohman-Strickland P, Woodruff TJ, Duan X, Assibey-Mensah V, Zhang J. 2015. Differences in birth weight associated with the 2008 Beijing Olympics air pollution reduction: results from a natural experiment. Environ Health Perspect 123:880-887; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408795.
Homozygous deletion scanning in hepatobiliary tumor cell lines reveals alternative pathways for liver carcinogenesis
Authors: Pascal Pineau, Agnès Marchio, Seishi Nagamori, Shuichi Seki, Pierre Tiollais, Anne Dejean
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Despite high rates of loss of heterozygosity affecting various chromosomes, the number of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) found to be consistently involved in primary liver cancer is low. In the past decade, characterization of homozygous deletions (HDs) in tumors has become instrumental to identify new TSGs or to reveal the influence of a particular TSG on the development of a specific tumor type. We performed a detailed HD profiling at 238 critical loci on a collection of 57 hepatobiliary tumor cell lines (hepatocellular, cholangiocellular, and bile duct carcinomas, hepatoblastomas, and immortalized hepatocytes). We identified HDs at 9 independent loci, the analysis of which was extended to 17 additional hepatobiliary tumor cell lines. In total, 34 homozygous losses involving 9 distinct genes were detected in the 74 cell lines analyzed. Besides expected deletions at the p16-INK4A/p14-ARF, FHIT, AXIN1, and p53 genes, we detected HDs at the PTEN, NF2, STK11, BAX, and LRPDIT genes that were formerly not known to be implicated in human liver tumorigenesis. In conclusion, our data suggest that these genes may represent novel liver tumor suppressive targets. Additional tumorigenic pathways should be carefully considered in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Rosen and Barkin’s 5-Minute Emergency Medicine Consult
Authors: Richard Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Positional mapping for amplified DNA sequences on 1q21–q22 in hepatocellular carcinoma indicates candidate genes over-expression
Authors: Nathalie Wong, Andrew Chan, Siu-Wah Lee, Ellan Lam, Ka-Fai To, Paul B-S Lai, Xiao-Nan Li, Choong-Tsek Liew, Philip J Johnson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Congenital Leukaemia with Parental Consanguinity
Authors: M. J. Bouton, H. J. Phillips, R. W. Smithells, S. Walker
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Tissue cultures were prepared from 100 amnions by a method which was found to be reasonably easy and which gave satisfactory results.Human-amnion cultures were shown to be capable of detecting the great majority of prototype strains of enteroviruses, and were as successful as monkey-kidney cultures in isolating entero- viruses, with the exception of Coxsackie B strains, from clinical specimens.We are grateful to Miss M. Buchanan and to Mr. E. J.Stott for their assistance in preparing amnion cultures; to the labour ward sisters, Robroyston Hospital, Glasgow, for their unfailing co-operation in obtaining placentas for this work; to Dr. A. D. Macrae, Virus Reference Laboratory, Colindale, for prototype strains of virus; to Dr. N. R
Equity in the NHS Monitoring and promoting equity in primary and secondary care
Authors: F A Majeed, N Chaturvedi, R Reading, Y Ben-Shlomo
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Although need is often assumed to be the most important factor in determining the use of health services, there are many inequities in the provision and use of NHS services in both primary and secondary care. For example, existing data from district child health information services have been combined with census data for small areas to show wide variations in immunisation rates between affluent and deprived areas. Purchasers of health care are already responsible for assessing health needs and evaluating services, and the process of monitoring equity is a logical extension of these activities. Routine data sources used to collect activity data in both primary and secondary care can be used to assess needs for care and monitor how well these needs are met. Purchasers and providers should collaborate to improve the usefulness of these routine data and to develop a framework for monitoring and promoting equity more systematically.
Reactivity to recombinant house-dust-mite allergens in asthma and rhinitis in a tropical environment
Authors: N. R. Lynch, F. A. Puccio, M. C. Di Prisco, R. I. Lopez, L. A. Hazell, W. A. Smith, W. R. Thomas
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Background House‐dust mites contain components that are allergenic in mite‐sensitive patients, and a number of these have been produced in recombinant form. Methods In the present study, we evaluated by skin prick testing the positivity to native Der p 2 and recombinant Der p 2, Der p 5, and Der p 7 allergens of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in patients with rhinitis, asthma, or a combination of these diseases, who were positive to whole‐mite extract. Results In all patients, the positivity to both native and recombinant Der 2 was high. In patients with either rhinitis or asthma, the reactivity to Der p 5 and 7 was significantly lower than to Der p 2. However, in patients with combined disease, the positivity to the minor allergens was almost as high as that to Der p 2. Conclusions These results raise the question of whether patients with combined allergic rhinitis and asthma, when compared to those with either of these diseases alone, are predisposed to react to a wider range of mite allergens, or, inversely, whether patients who respond to the minor allergens are more susceptible to suffering the combined disease.
The effects of the change in the NRMP matching algorithm. National Resident Matching Program
Authors: A. E. Roth
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Following 2 years of heated controversy about the resident match, the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) recently voted to replace the existing matching algorithm with a newly designed applicant-proposing algorithm.To design an applicant-proposing algorithm for the match and compare it with the existing NRMP algorithm to determine how many applicants and residency programs could be expected to receive better or worse matches from the 2 algorithms, how the different algorithms influence the opportunity for strategic behavior, and what advice can be given to participants.Computational experiments compared the newly designed applicant-proposing algorithm with the existing NRMP algorithm on the rank order lists (ROLs) submitted by all applicants and residency programs in the 1987 and 1993 through 1996 NRMP matches.Differences in the matchings produced by the 2 algorithms are small: fewer than 1 in 1000 applicants would have received a different match. Most (but not all) of the few applicants who are matched to different positions by the 2 algorithms do better when the applicant-proposing algorithm is used; the opposite is true for programs. Opportunities for profitable strategic behavior are very rare for both applicants and programs under either algorithm. With either algorithm, both applicants and programs can be advised that trying to get a preferred match by behaving strategically is far more likely to harm than to help them.The existing NRMP algorithm and the newly designed applicant-proposing algorithm perform similarly. Both algorithms make it sensible for applicants and residency programs to arrange their ROLs based solely on their preferences for possible matches. The choice of algorithms will systematically affect the matches of only a small group of applicants (<0.1%). The NRMP's recent decision to use the applicant-proposing algorithm starting in 1998 reflects a judgment about the impact of this difference on applicants and programs.
Platelet Function During and After Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction With Reteplase, Alteplase, or Streptokinase
Authors: Martin Moser, Thomas Nordt, Karlheinz Peter, Johannes Ruef, Benedikt Kohler, Marc Schmittner, Richard Smalling, Wolfgang Kübler, Christoph Bode
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Changes in platelet aggregation (PA) and platelet surface receptor expression induced by thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction may influence the rate of initial reperfusion and early reocclusion. Methods and Results —In the RAPID-1 (Reteplase Angiographic Phase II International Dose-finding study), RAPID-2 (Reteplase vs Alteplase Patency Investigation During myocardial infarction), INJECT (INternational Joint Efficacy Comparison of Thrombolytics), and GUSTO-3 (Global Use of Strategies To Open occluded coronary arteries) trials, 126 patients were enrolled in a single center. Patients were treated with either conventional alteplase (100 mg/180 min; n=15), accelerated alteplase (100 mg/90 min; n=21), reteplase 10+10-U double bolus (n=50), reteplase 10+5-U double bolus (n=15), reteplase 15-U single bolus (n=15), or streptokinase (1.5 MU/60 min; n=10). PA (after stimulation with ADP), P-selectin expression and fibrinogen binding to glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa (determined by flow cytometry with and without stimulation with ADP), and levels of soluble P-selectin, prothrombin fragments F1 and F2, thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), and antithrombin III (ATIII) were determined. PA decreased significantly at 1 and 2 hours in patients treated by 10+10-U reteplase or by streptokinase. Fibrinogen binding to platelet GP IIb/IIIa followed a similar pattern. Significant thrombin generation and significantly elevated thrombin levels during thrombolysis were reflected by increased F1 and F2 fragments and TAT levels in all treatment groups. ATIII levels decreased significantly during thrombolytic therapy. Conclusions —A decrease in PA in patients treated by reteplase or streptokinase compared with alteplase could be observed in the early phase. Double bolus (10+10 U) reteplase and streptokinase resulted in lower PA at 1 and 2 hours than therapy with accelerated alteplase. Total fibrinogen and fibrinogen binding to GP IIb/IIIa tended to be lower during the first 2 hours after reteplase than after accelerated alteplase.
Medicine as a Science: Biochemistry
Authors: Oscar Bodansky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

THE first half of this century has seen a remarkable development in the science of biochemistry. This subject has emerged from its status in the last century as merely an occasional chapter in the field of physiology or of chemistry and from its designation, in a somewhat minor key, as "animal chemistry," "chemical physiology" or "physiologic chemistry." No longer is it hidden in the academic catalogue as a weak addendum to a course in physiology or in chemistry, but it has taken its place as a robust and integral subject in the curriculum of the college, the university and the . . .
Removal of FKBP12 Enhances mTOR-Raptor Interactions, LTP, Memory, and Perseverative/Repetitive Behavior
Authors: Charles A. Hoeffer, Wei Tang, Helen Wong, Arturo Santillan, Richard J. Patterson, Luis A. Martinez, Maria V. Tejada-Simon, Richard Paylor, Susan L. Hamilton, Eric Klann
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Reversible haemolytic anaemia after levodopa-carbidopa.
Authors: R M Bernstein
Journal: BMJ (1979)

iron-storage disease, malignant disease, and a history of neck surgery or irradiation.Bone biopsy was not performed in either case because of the absence of any biochemical or radiological evidence of osteo- malacia.Our first case is the oldest known patient to present with this disorder, the oldest described elsewhere being an 80-year-old man who presented with confusion.4Little is known about parathyroid function in the elderly, but we suggest that these cases might represent extreme examples of an age-related decline in parathyroid function.The clinical features of hypocalcaemia are less dramatic in the elderly5 and may easily be ascribed to irremediable causes, such as cerebrovascular disease.We therefore recommend that hypocalcaemia, which is disabling but remediable, should be more often sought in elderly patients, particularly those presenting with confusional states or epilepsy.
Manic Fringe Promotes a Claudin-Low Breast Cancer Phenotype through Notch-Mediated PIK3CG Induction
Authors: Shubing Zhang, Wen-Cheng Chung, Guanming Wu, Sean E. Egan, Lucio Miele, Keli Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Claudin-low breast cancer (CLBC) is a poor prognosis disease biologically characterized by stemness and mesenchymal features. These tumors disproportionately affect younger patients and women with African ancestry, causing significant morbidity and mortality, and no effective targeted therapy exists at present. CLBC is thought to originate from mammary stem cells, but little is known on how or why these tumors express a stable epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotype, or what are the driving forces of this disease. Here, we report that Manic Fringe (Mfng), which encodes an O-fucosylpeptide 3-β-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase known to modify EGF repeats in the Notch extracellular domain, is highly expressed in CLBC and functions as an oncogene in this context. We show that Mfng modulates Notch activation in human and mouse CLBC cell lines, as well as in mouse mammary gland. Mfng silencing in CLBC cell lines reduced cell migration, tumorsphere formation, and in vivo tumorigenicity associated with a decrease in the stem-like cell population. Mfng deletion in the Lfngflox/flox;MMTV-Cre mouse model, in which one-third of mammary tumors resemble human CLBC, caused a tumor subtype shift away from CLBC. We identified the phosphoinositide kinase Pik3cg as a direct transcriptional target of Mfng-facilitated RBPJκ-dependent Notch signaling. Indeed, pharmacologic inhibition of PI3Kγ in CLBC cell lines blocked migration and tumorsphere formation. Taken together, our results define Mfng as an oncogene acting through Notch-mediated induction of Pik3cg. Furthermore, they suggest that targeting PI3Kγ may prove beneficial for the treatment of CLBC subtype. Cancer Res; 75(10); 1936–43. ©2015 AACR.