tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Defective Colour Vision in Industry
Authors: J. Grieve
Journal: BMJ (1947)

OURNALX-ray examination following injection of " lipiodol " into the cisterna magna and into the lumbar region of the subarachnoid space with inversion of the patient revealed an extramedullary block extending from the body of the second thoracic vertebra to the lower border of the fourth.Laminectomy was contemplated, but by Nov. 10 slight objective sense perception was demonstrated and some control over micturition was evident.Steady improvement occurred, and normal function and normal signs in both lower limbs were established by May 15, 1933.On July 12, 1933, an abscess made itself evident at the vertebral border of the right scapula.This was incised, and the subsequent sinus healed in six weeks.A pure culture of Staph.albus was grown from the abscess pus.There were no signs or symptoms referable to the back prior to the developement of the abscess.Examination as aii out-patient in May, 1934, sbowed the femoral lesions to be compltetely healed and epithelialized, and the spine and back seemed perfectly normal.
Aberrant Expression of Mucin Core Proteins and O-Linked Glycans Associated with Progression of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Neeley Remmers, Judy M. Anderson, Erin M. Linde, Dominick J. DiMaio, Audrey J. Lazenby, Hans H. Wandall, Ulla Mandel, Henrik Clausen, Fang Yu, Michael A. Hollingsworth
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Mucin expression is a common feature of most adenocarcinomas and features prominently in current attempts to improve diagnosis and therapy for pancreatic cancer and other adenocarcinomas. We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma—sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)—during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease. Experimental Design: Immunohistochemical analyses of mucin and associated glycan expression on primary tumor and liver metastatic tumor samples were conducted with matched sets of tissues from 40 autopsy patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 14 surgically resected tissue samples, and 8 normal pancreata. Results: There were significant changes in mucin expression patterns throughout disease progression. MUC1 and MUC4 were differentially glycosylated as the disease progressed from early pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias to metastatic disease. De novo expression of several mucins correlated with increased metastasis indicating a potentially more invasive phenotype, and we show the expression of MUC6 in acinar cells undergoing acinar to ductal metaplasia. A “cancer field-effect” that included changes in mucin protein expression and glycosylation in the adjacent normal pancreas was also seen. Conclusions: There are significant alterations in mucin expression and posttranslational processing during progression of pancreatic cancer from early lesions to metastasis. The results are presented in the context of how mucins influence the biology of tumor cells and their microenvironment during progression of pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 19(8); 1981–93. ©2013 AACR.
A Follow-Up Study of Narcotic Addicts in the NARA Program
Authors: BERNARD J. LANGENAUER, CHARLES L. BOWDEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The authors report on a six-month follow-up of the first 252 male narcotic addicts treated at Lexington under the provisions of the Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act. Data based on the aftercare counselors' monthly evaluation forms are presented on drug use, employment, involvement with the law, recommittal, and cooperation with the aftercare system. The authors compare the results of their study with those of others and discuss the difficulties inherent in comparing such studies.
Protective Role of Nerve Growth Factor Against Postischemic Dysfunction of Sympathetic Coronary Innervation
Authors: Toyohiko Abe, Donald A. Morgan, David D. Gutterman
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Nerve growth factor (NGF) is produced rapidly in myocardium after brief myocardial ischemia. It contributes to the maintenance of neural integrity in several tissues. We examined the effect of exogenous and endogenous NGF on ischemia-induced dysfunction of cardiac sympathetic nerves. Methods and Results In anesthetized dogs, bilateral stellate stimulation was performed, measuring changes in coronary vascular resistance (%ΔCVR) before and after release of either a 7- or 15-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). NGF (10 ng·kg −1 ·min −1 , n=5) or vehicle (n=6) was infused into the LAD in dogs during a 15-minute LAD occlusion. In separate experiments, antibody to NGF (anti-NGF, 2 ng·kg −1 ·min −1 , n=5) or vehicle (n=6) was infused into dogs during a 7-minute LAD occlusion. After release of a 15-minute LAD occlusion, attenuation of the coronary constriction to stellate stimulation was seen in the vehicle group (30±3% to 15±1% increase in CVR, P &lt;.05); however, no such reduction was seen in the group receiving NGF. A 7-minute LAD occlusion with reperfusion did not alter %ΔCVR in the vehicle group (36±6% versus 37±7%, P =NS) but attenuated %ΔCVR in the anti-NGF group (39±8% to 17±2%, P &lt;.05). Conclusions We conclude that exogenously infused and endogenously released NGF protects against postischemic neural stunning of sympathetic cardiac innervation.
AN IMPROVED PLUGGED STETHOSCOPE FOR THE DETECTION OF MALINGERING
Authors: John Leshure
Journal: JAMA (1918)

To the Editor:  —Instead of plugging the ear-piece of the stethoscope with wax or cotton, a three-way valve, such as is used for bladder irrigation, is connected with the tubing leading to the ear-pieces and the chest-piece.  This enables the examiner to switch the sound into either ear, or to exclude it altogether without removing the stethoscope from the registrant's ears and without his knowledge of what is being done. Some of the registrants have been coached, and naturally assume, if the apparatus is removed from the ears and then replaced, that it has been changed, and govern their replies accordingly.  With this appliance, malingering can be readily detected, especially if it is used with the registrant's back toward the examiner. The small valve tip is connected with the bell, and it may be necessary to wind this with one or two turns of adhesive plaster to make it fit
Oxidative Stress and Sarcomeric Proteins
Authors: Susan F. Steinberg
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Oxidative stress accompanies a wide spectrum of clinically important cardiac disorders, including ischemia/reperfusion, diabetes mellitus, and hypertensive heart disease. Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) can activate signaling pathways that contribute to ischemic preconditioning and cardioprotection, high levels of ROS induce structural modifications of the sarcomere that impact on pump function and the pathogenesis of heart failure. However, the precise nature of the redox-dependent change in contractility is determined by the source/identity of the oxidant species, the level of oxidative stress, and the chemistry/position of oxidant-induced posttranslational modifications on individual proteins within the sarcomere. This review focuses on various ROS-induced posttranslational modifications of myofilament proteins (including direct oxidative modifications of myofilament proteins, myofilament protein phosphorylation by ROS-activated signaling enzymes, and myofilament protein cleavage by ROS-activated proteases) that have been implicated in the control of cardiac contractility.
Nonhuman Primate-Associated Viral Hepatitis Type A
Authors: Jules L. Dienstag
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Since 1961, viral hepatitis has been recognized as an occupational hazard among handlers of newly imported chimpanzees and other nonhuman primates. To determine whether previously reported cases were caused by human viral hepatitis type A, we tested paired serum samples from two outbreaks for antibody to hepatitis A antigen (anti-HA) by immune adherence hemagglutination (IAHA), a recently available test. In both outbreaks, one of hepatitis transmitted from chimpanzee to man (Michigan, 1964), the second from chimpanzee to chimpanzee, man, and woolly monkey (Connecticut, 1971), serologic data documented recent hepatitis A virus infection among contacts—human and nonhuman primate—of implicated chimpanzees. This confirms serologically a previously noted epidemiologic association between nonhuman primate-associated hepatitis and human viral hepatitis, type A. (<i>JAMA</i>236:462-464, 1976)
Psychiatric disorder and gynaecological symptoms in middle aged women
Authors: G. Bell, C. Katona
Journal: BMJ (1987)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The emergence of pathogenic bacteria with multiple drug resistances (MDR) and the detrimental side effects to the microbiome from the overuse of antibiotics pose significant risks to human health. Bacteriophage (phage) can be an alternative or supplemental therapy to combat MDR infections. Phage can be isolated from environmental reservoirs, such as wastewater, and used to target desired hosts, including MDR bacterial pathogens. In this study, we isolate a <i>Myoviridae</i> phage from Portland, Oregon, wastewater named <i>Escherichia virus PDX</i> that lyses enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enteroaggregative (EAEC) <i>E. coli</i> strains. Host susceptibility assays, transmission electron microscopy, and genomic analysis confirmed the bacteriolytic activity of <i>PDX</i> against these <i>E. coli</i> pathogens, while time-kill assays demonstrate that <i>PDX</i> inhibited growth of both pathotypes in a dose-dependent manner. Metagenomic sequencing of cultured fecal bacteria treated with <i>PDX</i> revealed that alpha diversity of propagated fecal samples was not reduced in the presence of the <i>PDX</i> phage.
The Role of Plasma Proteases in Septic Shock
Authors: Robert W. Colman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Gram-negative septicemia is a major cause of death and disability among hospitalized patients, with an incidence of several hundred thousand cases each year. If hypotension occurs in association with circulating bacteria or endotoxins, the mortality ranges from 40 to 60 percent,1 levels that have remained unchanged over the past 15 years. Septic shock is almost always associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a process in which microvascular thrombosis leads to the consumption of platelets and coagulation proteins and the stimulation of the fibrinolytic system,2 with resultant hemorrhage. Hemostatic abnormalities accompanied by endothelial changes are among the earliest manifestations of a . . .
[656] THE ROLE OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR) FOR TREATMENT WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA 2a (PEG) AND RIBAVIRIN (RBV) IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C (CHC)
Authors: E. Zehnter, S. Mauss, K. Boeker, Th. Lutz, S. Racky, W. Schmidt, R. Ulrich, I. Sbrijer, R. Heyne, A. Schober, C. John, K.H. Hey, B. Bokemeyer, B. Kallinowski, B. Moeller, S. Pape, U. Alshuth, D. Hueppe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Partner Violence Screening and Women’s Quality of Life
Authors: Janet Fanslow
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Active approach to recognising asthma in general practice.
Authors: L J Toop
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The general practice medical records of 214 children born in 1977 were scrutinised for a diagnosis of asthma. In 18 (8%) of these a diagnosis of asthma had been entered. Using a scoring system based on the medical record a further group of children who were thought likely to have undiagnosed asthma was exercise tested. Twelve children (6%) had demonstrable exercise induced asthma. In addition, seven children (3%) had both frequent respiratory symptoms and borderline exercise test results, indicating that they too had clinically important airways obstruction. As expected, histories of atopic eczema, nocturnal cough, persistent cough (more than one week), and wheezing appeared often in the medical records of the children with asthma. In combinations these diagnostic clues were more than 50% predictive of asthma. A more active approach in general practice to the diagnosis of asthma in children is both necessary and possible.
Carotid Body Tumors: A 40-Year Study
Authors: H. W. Farr
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1980)

A total of 44 carotid body tumors were observed for over 40 years at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York. The true nature of th paraganglioma can remain obscure in those patients without prior tissue biopsy or sophisticated diagnostic studies. Eighteen patients came to surgery without a primary working diagnosis of the conditions, 43 percent of the seris. Significant advances in the preoperative workup of a cervical mass attached to the carotid sheath are now recommended: ultrasonography, radioisotope perfusion scanning, and selective carotid arteriography. Catecholamine determination should be considered for any paraganglioma exhibiting vasomotor instability or hypertension. Prior to 1945 the carotid bifurcation was sacrificed eight times with a 50 percent mortality occurring in relatively youthful subjects. In the 35 years since then, a more sophisticated surgical technique preserving the carotid circulation has resulted in over 30 resections with but one fatality. Multicentricity, both in the sporadic and the familial form, is characteristic of this rare tumor, also called "APUDoma." (APUD is an acronym derived from three of the most important characteristics of these cells: a high amine content, amine precursor uptake, and decarboxylation. Its malignant potential is beyond debate.
Breast Cancer and Ethnic Heritage
Authors: Donald F. Austin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Researchers transfer genetic material between two eggs
Authors: D. Asprey
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Researchers at Newcastle University have developed a technique to transfer nuclear DNA between two human zygotes. The technique, published in Nature , could be used to prevent the transmission of maternally inherited mitochondrial diseases ( Nature 2010. doi: 10.1038/nature08958).

Dr Mary Herbert and Professor Doug Turnbull led the study, funded by the Muscular Dystrophy Campaign, in which pronuclei were extracted from donor zygotes and implanted into a recipient zygote—with its own pronuclei removed—in the exact same stage of development. The recipient zygotes were then cultured for six to eight days to see if they could develop to the blastocyst stage.

The study used abnormally fertilised embryos unsuitable for in vitro fertilisation—those with one or three pronuclei rather than the normal two from the mother and father. After the transfer …
Effect of Domperidone on the Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients With Symptoms of Diabetic Gastroparesis
Authors: Christina E Farup, Nancy K Leidy, Miranda Murray, G Rhys Williams, Lawrence Helbers, Eamonn M M Quigley
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE To describe the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with insulin-treated diabetes and symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis and to assess the impact of domperidone on HRQOL in these patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This two-phase multicenter study was part of a safety and efficacy investigation. Phase 1 involved 4-week single-blind treatment with domperidone 20 mg q.i.d. (n = 269). Patients demonstrating significant symptomatic improvement (n = 208) continued to phase II, a 4-week, double-blind, parallel-group study with patients receiving placebo (n = 103) or domperidone (n = 105). Patients completed the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form-36 Health Survey at selection and at the end of each phase. Physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores served as primary parameters, and the eight subscales were secondary parameters. RESULTS HRQOL scores of subjects enrolled in the trial were significantly lower than norms from the general population and people with diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Subjects experiencing symptomatic improvement after 4 weeks of single-blind treatment demonstrated significant improvement in all HRQOL parameters (P &amp;lt; 0.001); PCS, MCS, and six subscale scores of nonresponders did not change. Between-group change score differences were significant for PCS, MCS, and seven subscales (P &amp;lt; 0.05 to P &amp;lt; 0.001). During phase II, the domperidone group maintained their HRQOL; the placebo group showed a significant decline in PCS and four subscales (P &amp;lt; 0.05). The between-group difference in the PCS score change was statistically significant (−1.77 vs. 0.65, P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that patients with symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis experience notable HRQOL impairment and that symptomatic relief with domperidone is accompanied by improvements in HRQOL that can be sustained over 4 weeks of treatment.
ATOPIC ALLERGY AND SERUM IgE IN RANDOMLY SELECTED EIGHT‐YEAR‐OLD CHILDREN
Authors: N.‐I. M. KJELLMAN, L.‐O. HANSSON, J. LUDVIGSSON
Journal: Allergy (1977)

The incidence of atopic allergy and serum IgE levels as well as specific IgE antibodies was studied in a randomly selected sample of 164 8-year-old children who were followed-up for 2 years. The total incidence of atopic disease was 18.9 per cent. Serum IgE levels were above + 2 s.d. for the age before the onset of atopic disease in seven of 11 children who developed an atopic disease during the observation period. The direct paper disc sandwich radioimmunoassay, PRIST, equalled the Phadebas IgE test for discriminating between atopy and non-atopy, but PRIST is preferred because of its simplicity. Actual or future atopic disease disease is most probable when the serum IgE is above the + 2 s.d. limit for age. Serum IgE levels below the geometrical mean for age are rarely found in atopic disease. An IgE determination with PRIST will give more discriminative information than the family history and is recommended for routine purposes when there is a history of possible atopic allergy in a child.
Role of Computers in Clinical Medicine.
Authors: G. Octo Barnett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Role of Computers in Clinical Medicine.G. Octo Barnett, M.D.G. Octo Barnett, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1062_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn the past 30 years, the practice of medicine has undergone fundamental changes as a result of the increased understanding of disease processes, the tendency to greater specialization of medical practice, the introduction of a host of new tests and new forms of therapy, and the increasing urbanization of America. The communication aspects of medical practice and the storage and retrieval of medical information are in many instances limiting factors in improving the delivery of health services.In the past decade the digital computer has assumed an increasingly important role in industry, banking, space travel, scientific research, and communication. New... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: G. Octo Barnett, M.D.Affiliations: Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1062-1062KeywordsComputersInformation storage and retrievalMedical services ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
ISACEN (GUGGENHEIM): A NEW PURGATIVE
Authors: MAX EINHORN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Modern pharmacology is not satisfied with the manufacture of remedies from roots and plants, but tries to obtain the specifically acting principles in pure form. It also tries by new synthesis to produce remedies that act more favorably than those found in nature.  Guggenheim1was very much interested in the investigations of Lenz,2and developed a new remedy based on them. Lenz made extensive experiments on cats in which an abdominal window was established, so that different remedies could be studied with regard to their action on the intestinal tract. He found that most of the aperient remedies exerted their action by exciting the peristalsis of the colon, when coming into contact with this organ. The effect on the intestine of an extract of senna leaves, or of the different ingredients contained in it as a mixture of anthrachinon derivatives (as anthrachinon glucosides, emodin and chrysophanic acid), consists
Premature Visualization of Sagittal Sinus in Radionuclide Angiography as a Sign of Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: VICTOR W. LEE, BLUET JONES, SHRIPAD TILAK, ANTHONY CARTER, JEROME H. SHAPIRO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

LEE, VICTOR W. M.D.; JONES, BLUET M.D.; TILAK, SHRIPAD M.D., F.R.C.S.; CARTER, ANTHONY M.D., F.R.C.S.; SHAPIRO, JEROME H. M.D. Author Information