tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2199: Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Impacts Age Based Differences in Exercise Capacity
Authors: Jasmine Grewal, Robert B McCully, Carolyn S Lam, Garvan C Kane, Patricia A Pellikka
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Limited information exists regarding the echocardiographic and clinical predictors of exercise capacity and their effects on exercise with advancing age or by sex. We hypothesized that LV diastolic function (DF) impacts exercise capacity to a greater degree with advancing age. This was a prospective cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing routine exercise echocardiography with the Bruce protocol (n=2955). DF assessments at rest and exercise were performed. Those with echocardiographic exercise-induced ischemia and significant valvular disease were excluded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the strongest echocardiographic and clinical predictors of exercise capacity (METs). Results were reported as unstandardized β coefficient (Standard Error) as outlined beside each variable. Age and sex interactions of these predictors with exercise capacity were determined. The strongest independent multivariate predictors of exercise capacity were female vs. male sex [−1.98 (0.07), p&lt;0.0001], body mass index &gt;30 kg/m 2 [−1.24 (0.08), p&lt;0.0001], age per 10 year increment [−0.85 (0.01), p&lt;0.0001], mild resting diastolic dysfunction vs. normal [−0.70 (0.10), p&lt;0.0001], and moderate/severe resting diastolic dysfunction vs. normal [−1.3 (0.13), p&lt;0.0001]. LV filling pressures measured by a resting E/e’ ≥ 15 [−0.42 (0.14), p=0.004] or exercise E/e’≥ 15 [−0.31 (0.14), p&lt;0.0001] similarly predicted a reduction in exercise capacity, each in separate multivariate analyses. The impact of impaired relaxation and left ventricular filling pressures on exercise capacity increased with advancing age (p&lt;0.001 and p=0.02 respectively), and was most marked after age 50. These predictors had a similar negative effect on exercise capacity among men and women (p=NS). In conclusion, in this large population referred for exercise echocardiography and not limited by ischemia, resting DF and resting/exercise LV filling pressures independently predicted exercise capacity. The increasingly potent effect of impaired relaxation and exercise LV filling pressures with advancing age suggest that DF plays an important role in the development of exercise intolerance in the elderly.
Global warming and health.
Authors: A Haines
Journal: BMJ (1991)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Vaccines have greatly reduced the burden of infectious disease, ranking in their impact on global health second only after clean water. Most vaccines confer protection by the production of antibodies with binding affinity for the antigen, which is the main effector function of B cells. This results in short term changes in the B Cell receptor (BCR) repertoire when an immune response is launched, and long term changes when immunity is conferred. Analysis of antibodies in the serum is usually used to evaluate vaccine response, however this is limited and therefore the investigation of the BCR repertoire provides far more detail for the analysis of vaccine response. Here, we introduce a novel Bayesian model to describe the observed distribution of BCR sequences and the pattern of sharing across time and between individuals, with the goal to identify vaccine-specific BCR sequences. We use data from two studies to assess the model and estimate that we can identify vaccine-specific sequences with 69% sensitivity.
p52Shc is required for CXCR4-dependent signaling and chemotaxis in T cells
Authors: Laura Patrussi, Cristina Ulivieri, Orso Maria Lucherini, Silvia Rossi Paccani, Alessandra Gamberucci, Luisa Lanfrancone, Pier Giuseppe Pelicci, Cosima T. Baldari
Journal: Blood (2007)
Screening for intrauterine growth retardation using ratio of mid-arm circumference to occipitofrontal circumference.
Authors: N J Meadows, J Till, A Leaf, E Hughes, B Jani, V Larcher
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Uncritical application of standard weight percentile charts, derived from white infants, to infants from different ethnic groups may result in an overestimate of the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation in those groups. The ratio of mid-arm circumference to occipitofrontal circumference was studied in 194 babies (49 Asian, 58 black, and 87 white). In contrast with birth weight the ratio did not vary among the ethnic groups; it was also independent of sex. In a prospective study of 64 neonates whose weight was below the 10th percentile on standard charts the ratio of mid-arm circumference to occipitofrontal circumference was a more accurate predictor than weight of those infants who would develop symptoms associated with intrauterine growth retardation. The ratio of mid-arm circumference to occipitofrontal circumference therefore provides a simple, accurate, and cheap way of assessing intrauterine growth retardation in areas with a large multiethnic population, where birth weight varies greatly.
Maternally acquired genotoxic<i>Escherichia coli</i>alters offspring’s intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Delphine Payros, Thomas Secher, Michèle Boury, Camille Brehin, Sandrine Ménard, Christel Salvador-Cartier, Gabriel Cuevas-Ramos, Claude Watrin, Ingrid Marcq, Jean-Philippe Nougayrède, Damien Dubois, Antoine Bedu, Fabien Garnier, Olivier Clermont, Erick Denamur, Pascale Plaisancié, Vassilia Theodorou, Jean Fioramonti, Maïwenn Olier, Eric Oswald
Journal: Gut Microbes (2014)

The neonatal gut is rapidly colonized by a newly dominant group of commensal Escherichia coli strains among which a large proportion produces a genotoxin called colibactin. In order to analyze the short- and long-term effects resulting from such evolution, we developed a rat model mimicking the natural transmission of E. coli from mothers to neonates. Genotoxic and non-genotoxic E. coli strains were equally transmitted to the offspring and stably colonized the gut across generations. DNA damage was only detected in neonates colonized with genotoxic E. coli strains. Signs of genotoxic stress such as anaphase bridges, higher occurrence of crypt fission and accelerated renewal of the mature epithelium were detected at adulthood. In addition, we observed alterations of secretory cell populations and gut epithelial barrier. Our findings illustrate how critical is the genotype of E. coli strains acquired at birth for gut homeostasis at adulthood.
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in postmenopausal women with negative cervical cytology.
Authors: A D Roberts, R B Denholm, J W Cordiner
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in postmenopausal women with negative cervical cytology Four cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were detected among 50 postmenopausal women in whom cytological examination of a cervical smear yielded negative results, indicating the need for cytological surveillance of women into old age. Patients, methods, and resultsCytological and colposcopic examination of the cervix was performed in 50 women presenting to a menopausal clinic with symptoms of the climacteric before they began hormone replacement treatment.The mean (SD) age 1 Husain DAN. Britain's failure to prevent deaths from cervical cancer.Br.
PROPHYLAXIS OF VENEREAL DISEASE
Authors: Armitage Whitman
Journal: JAMA (1922)

To the Editor:  —I have read with interest the communication on this subject by Dr. Herman Goodman,The Journal, June 24. He says, among other things,  more prophylactics administered, that is, the more admitted exposures, the greater the incidence of venereal disease. On the other hand, when opportunity for prophylaxis was reduced by curtailment of opportunity of exposures, the incidence of venereal disease became practically nil. This statement is followed by two imposing tables of statistics. One can scarcely but suspect that the author has a subconscious bias against prophylaxis, perhaps for the same reason that the late Secretary of the Navy disapproved of it—that it licensed license. The sense of the letter would appear to be that if men are prevented from indulging in intercourse they are not likely to contract venereal disease, a conclusion with which all must agree. If one needed statistics to back this up
Genic Incompatibilities in Two Hybrid Bacteriophages
Authors: D. R. Rokyta, H. A. Wichman
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

Horizontal gene transfer and recombination play a major role in microbial evolution and have been detected in diverse groups, including many of medical relevance such as HIV and dengue virus. In the absence of mechanistic barriers, the evolutionary success of a particular recombination event is determined by whether the recombinant genotype suffers a fitness cost through the disruption of favorable epistatic interactions within the genome, and if so, the extent to which this fitness cost might be mitigated by subsequent compensatory evolution. To investigate the importance of epistatic interactions between genes and the evolutionary viability of a homologous recombination event between diverged ancestral genotypes, we constructed two recombinant microvirid bacteriophages by exchanging their alleles of the gene encoding the coat protein. The coding sequences for this gene differ by approximately 8% at the amino acid level and were interchanged between two ancestral phages related to φX174 and well adapted to their culture conditions. Because the recombinant phages showed drastically reduced fitnesses, we further explored their evolutionary viability by subjecting replicate lines of each of them to selection. We found that all four lineages achieved fitnesses commensurate with ancestral fitnesses in as few as 60 generations, and on average, the first substitution accounted for more than half of the total fitness recovery. Fitness recovery required three to five substitutions in each lineage, and overall eight of the nine essential phage genes were involved, suggesting extensive epistatic interactions throughout the genome. Interestingly, the proteins with the most extensive and apparent physical interactions with the exchanged protein in the viral capsid did not appear to have much of a role in fitness recovery. This result appears to be a consequence of the conservation of the amino acid residues involved in the interactions. It suggests that strong epistatic interactions are less important than weaker, transient ones in producing genic incompatibilities because they preclude variability in the interacting regions of the proteins.
Robotic Intracorporeal Orthotopic Ileal Neobladder: Replicating Open Surgical Principles
Authors: Alvin C. Goh, Inderbir S. Gill, Dennis J. Lee, Andre Luis de Castro Abreu, Adrian S. Fairey, Scott Leslie, Andre K. Berger, Siamak Daneshmand, Rene Sotelo, Karanvir S. Gill, Hui Wen Xie, Leo Y. Chu, Monish Aron, Mihir M. Desai
Journal: European Urology (2012)
A Doc Ain't Never Thru
Authors: Lindsay E. Beaton
Journal: JAMA (1964)

MY MENTORS in the American Medical Association's National Speakers Bureau tell me that one must never begin an address with an apology. Rather, one blasts off with a strong statement of position, preferably chosen from some previous century, and resolutely remains in the same oratorical orbit for 40 minutes. However,<i>I am</i>going to start with an excusatory admission, in fact a double-barreled one. First, my honest conviction that I am imposing on your time. What can a practitioner from the far provinces have to say to his betters? Perhaps I am here as an interlude, or for contrast, a dwarf between two giants in the field of continuing education, Dr. Dryer and Dr. Solomon. Secondly, my regrets over the seeming irreverence of my title, shocking on the program amidst so many learned, not to say starchy, captions. The subject assigned to me was "The Physician Views His Need for
Cross-Level Bias and Variations in Care—Reply
Authors: Edward H. Livingston, Robert A. McNutt
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mycophenolate and lower graft function reduce the seroresponse of kidney transplant recipients to pandemic H1N1 vaccination
Authors: William R. Mulley, Kumar Visvanathan, Aeron C. Hurt, Fiona G. Brown, Kevan R. Polkinghorne, Tasoula Mastorakos, Michelle C. Lewicki, Rhonda L. Stuart, Sven-Jean Tan, Roy Chean, Peter G. Kerr, John Kanellis
Journal: Kidney International (2012)
Review: Long-term annual conversion rate to dementia was 3.3% in older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: David Burke
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Source Citation Mitchell AJ, Shiri-Feshki M. Temporal trends in the long term risk of progression of mild cognitive impairment: a pooled analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008;79:1386-91. 19010949
Homosexuality in Perspective
Authors: Norman R. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The appearance of this book was preceded by a plethora of newspaper editorials, television interviews with the authors, and advice columns in the newspapers, all of which acclaimed it, while a variety of professional writings denounced, criticized, or praised it from psychoanalytic, behavioral, psychological, hormonal, and clinical perspectives—all of which make this a difficult work to review with a fresh eye. The authors have pursued sexual investigations from their own special perspective and have attempted to be as concrete and systematic as possible. Masters and Johnson have studied a group of volunteers whom they acknowledge are hardly typical citizens, in that they had sexual relations under direct observation using anal, oral, manual, and genital techniques. The volunteers' sexual histories and their fantasies were recounted, and the results were recorded statistically. Masters and Johnson confirmed the finding that sexual physiology is the same whether the person is aroused in conventional or
Blood glucose monitors: a laboratory and patient assessment.
Authors: D J Webb, J M Lovesay, A Ellis, A H Knight
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The four blood glucose monitors available in the United Kingdom were compared by asking the opinions of 24 patients who used each monitor for two weeks, by correlating their blood glucose results with those obtained in the laboratory, and by having the monitors examined by an electronics engineer. Of the battery-operated monitors, patients preferred the Hypocount (15) to the Glucochek (9). The mains-operated units were less popular, with little to choose between Eyetone and Reflomat. Under field conditions the blood glucose results obtained with the Glucochek correlated poorly with the standard reference method. In contrast the Hypocount, Eyetone, and Reflomat machines produced good correlations. Poor results with the Glucochek were mainly due to faulty timing systems. The patients9 preference for the Hypocount was supported by tests of performance under laboratory conditions and by the electronics engineer9s report.
Library Resources on Alcoholism
Authors: DAVID M. NOVICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 August 1979Library Resources on AlcoholismDAVID M. NOVICK, M.D., STANLEY R. YANCOVITZ, M.D.DAVID M. NOVICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STANLEY R. YANCOVITZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-2-325 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The excellent list of books and journals, "A Library For Internists III," in the March 1979 issue (1) contained no specific references on alcoholism and drug abuse. Inasmuch as these are widespread problems that will be encountered by almost all internists, references on alcoholism and drug abuse in future versions of the list would seem appropriate. We have found the following books and journals useful....Reference1. ALLYN R. A Library for Internists III: recommended by the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:446-77. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Morris J. Bernstein Institute Beth Israel Medical Center New York, NY 10003 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1979Volume 91, Issue 2Page: 325-325KeywordsAlcoholismDrug abuseForecastingLibraries ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
An Evaluation of Aureomycin Therapy in Primary Atypical Pneumonia
Authors: Emanuel B. Schoenbach, Aaron Sweed, Bernard Tepper, Morton S. Bryer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

AUREOMYCIN has been reported as an effective agent in the therapy of primary atypical pneumonia.1 2 3 4 5 6 Most observers have noted a consistent pattern of response, but only one study in which controlled observations were attempted has been presented.5 Although the etiologic agent of this disease has not been established, investigators agree that it is probably a virus.7 Eaton has also demonstrated that aureomycin protected cotton rats from infection with one of the viral agents isolated from cases of primary atypical pneumonia. In addition, cotton rats did not develop pneumonitis, when infected with inoculums prepared from infected chick embryos that had been . . .
Host cell-induced signaling causes<i>Clostridium perfringens</i>to upregulate production of toxins important for intestinal infections
Authors: Jianming Chen, Menglin Ma, Francisco A Uzal, Bruce A McClane
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

Clostridium perfringens causes enteritis and enterotoxemia in humans and livestock due to prolific toxin production. In broth culture, C. perfringens uses the Agr-like quorum sensing (QS) system to regulate production of toxins important for enteritis/enterotoxemia, including beta toxin (CPB), enterotoxin, and epsilon toxin (ETX). The VirS/VirR two-component regulatory system (TCRS) also controls CPB production in broth cultures. Both the Agr-like QS and VirS/VirR systems are important when C. perfringens senses enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells and responds by upregulating CPB production; however, only the Agr-like QS system is needed for host cell-induced ETX production. These in vitro observations have pathophysiologic relevance since both the VirS/VirR and Agr-like QS signaling systems are required for C. perfringens strain CN3685 to produce CPB in vivo and to cause enteritis or enterotoxemia. Thus, apparently upon sensing its presence in the intestines, C. perfringens utilizes QS and TCRS signaling to produce toxins necessary for intestinal virulence.
Abstract B22: Modulation of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins expression in human prostate cancer cells in vitro by american cranberry (<i>Vaccinium macrocarpon</i>) extract
Authors: Robert Hurta, Brendan McKeown, Ravi Boddeti, Catherine Neto
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extract has been previously shown to affect cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferative ability in prostate cancer cells in vitro. The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their modulators the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) may play roles in these events. IGFBPs act by regulating IGF action but also exhibit many IGF-independent activities. IGFBP expression in response to cranberry extract [50 &amp; 100 ug/mL for 3 and 24 hours] was determined via Western blot analysis in DU145 and in PC3 androgen-refractory human prostate cancer cells. Cranberry extract treatment decreased the expression levels of both IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-5 and increased the expression levels of IGFBP-4. IGFBP-3 protein expression levels were apparently unaffected by cranberry extract suggesting that IGFBP-3 is likely not involved in this cellular response to cranberry extract. A reduction in IGFBP-2/-5 expression suggests a reduction in IGF through loss of IGF-stabilization by the IGFBPs suggesting an inhibition of the cell cycle due to this restriction in IGF. Increases in IGFBP-4 levels in response to cranberry would also inhibit IGFs and thereby inhibit cellular growth and proliferation. Increased IGFBP-2/-5 expression has been associated with progression from androgen-sensitivity to androgen-insensitivity in prostate cancer cells. Decreased IGFBP-2/-5 expression levels in response to cranberry extract could counteract this progression in vitro. [funded by The Cranberry Institute (Wisconsin Board) and Jeanne &amp; J.-Louis Levesque Foundation] Citation Format: Robert Hurta, Brendan McKeown, Ravi Boddeti, Catherine Neto. Modulation of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins expression in human prostate cancer cells in vitro by american cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extract. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B22.
Evidence for a role for both the adenosine A1 and A3 receptors in protection of isolated human atrial muscle against simulated ischaemia
Authors: C Carr
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

Objective: Adenosine receptor activation has been implicated in the mechanism of ischaemic preconditioning protection. Evidence suggests adenosine A1 receptor involvement, and possibly A3 receptor involvement in the rabbit. This study investigated the roles of these receptors in human preconditioning. Human A1- and A3-selective compounds were chosen based on Ki values for inhibition of N6-(4-amino-3-[125I]iodobenzyl)adenosine (125I-ABA) binding to stably expressed recombinant human A1 and A3 receptors. Cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), a 194-fold selective A1 agonist, and iodobenzylmethylcarboxamidoadenosine (IBMECA), a 10-fold selective A3 agonist were used alone and in combination with dipropylcyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX) a 62-fold selective A1 antagonist. Methods: Human atrial trabeculae were superfused with oxygenated Tyrode's solution. After stabilisation, muscles underwent one of 8 protocols (n = 6 per group), followed by 90 min of simulated ischaemia and 120 min of reoxygenation. The experimental endpoint was recovery of contractile function, presented as percentage baseline function. Results: 5 nM CPA (52.2±3.1%), 30 nM IBMECA (49.7±3.8%) and preconditioning (55.3±2.5%) produced similar functional recoveries at 120 min of reoxygenation; significantly different to controls (27.7±1.0%; P<0.05, ANOVA). When DPCPX (200 nM) was added prior to 5 nM CPA, protection was lost (31.8±0.9%), but when added prior to 30 nM IBMECA, muscles continued to be significantly protected (41.5±2.3%). Conclusions: In human atrium both A1 and A3 receptor stimulation appears to mimic ischaemic preconditioning. This may represent the first evidence for A3 receptor involvement in 'pharmacological' preconditioning of human myocardium.