tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of smoke-free workplace legislation on exposures and health: possibilities for prevention
Authors: M. S. Jaakkola, J. J. K. Jaakkola
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

The aims of this study were to review experiences with national or statewide smoke-free workplace legislation and data on the occurrence of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure at work, to present the best estimates for health effects related to workplace ETS exposure, and to calculate corresponding population attributable fractions (PAFs) for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases for 14 European countries and the USA. Systematic searches of the Medline database were carried out, with a cut-off date of November 2005. PAFs for the main outcomes were calculated from the best disease-specific effect estimates and country-specific prevalences of work ETS exposure. Significant numbers of workers are exposed to ETS at work, i.e. ∼7.5 million workers in 15 European Union countries and 24.6 million in the USA. Workplace ETS exposure is causally linked to lung cancer and coronary heart disease, and is related to an increased risk of asthma in adults and reduced birthweight in newborns. Relatively strong evidence links ETS exposure to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and stroke. PAFs in Europe and the USA showed that, at current workplace ETS exposure prevalences, the public health impact is substantial. Experience of national and statewide smoke-free workplace legislation from different countries shows that such legislation leads to significant reductions in employees' environmental tobacco smoke exposure at work, as well as improvements in respiratory and cardiac health.
Infant-onset eczema in relation to mental health problems at age 10 years: Results from a prospective birth cohort study (German Infant Nutrition Intervention plus)
Authors: Jochen Schmitt, Christian Apfelbacher, Chih-Mei Chen, Marcel Romanos, Stefanie Sausenthaler, Sibylle Koletzko, Carl-Peter Bauer, Ute Hoffmann, Ursula Krämer, Dietrich Berdel, Andrea von Berg, H.-Erich Wichmann, Joachim Heinrich
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Vector symbolic architectures are a viable alternative for Jackendoff's challenges
Authors: Ross W. Gayler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

The authors, on the basis of brief arguments, have dismissed tensor networks as a viable response to Jackendoff's challenges. However, there are reasons to believe that connectionist approaches descended from tensor networks are actually very well suited to answering Jackendoff's challenges. I rebut their arguments for dismissing tensor networks and briefly compare the approaches.
Natural and inducible TH17 cells are regulated differently by Akt and mTOR pathways
Authors: Jiyeon S Kim, Tammarah Sklarz, Lauren B Banks, Mercy Gohil, Adam T Waickman, Nicolas Skuli, Bryan L Krock, Chong T Luo, Weihong Hu, Kristin N Pollizzi, Ming O Li, Jeffrey C Rathmell, Morris J Birnbaum, Jonathan D Powell, Martha S Jordan, Gary A Koretzky
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
Resident opportunities at the newest US PHS agency
Authors: M. E. Salive
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influence of Misocapnic Instructions
Authors: John E. Kirkpatrick
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As I was thinking about the patient smoking in the elevator under the "No Smoking" sign, the nurses smoking in the floor conference room under the "No Smoking" sign, the anesthesiologist smoking in the doctors' lounge under the "No Smoking" sign, my postgraduate year-5 surgery resident, my pediatrics preceptor, the chairman of the anatomy department, the president of the medical college, and many more, I began to wonder if I am truly in a health profession.
Anonymity of reviewers
Authors: R. H Anderson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Anonymity of reviewers Get access Robert H Anderson Robert H Anderson National Heart & Lung Institute, Dovehouse St, London SW3, United Kingdom. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 11, November 1994, Page 1735, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.11.1735 Published: 01 November 1994
The Association Between β-Agonist Use and Death From Asthma
Authors: MaryLou Mullen
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —The purpose of this investigation was to provide an empirical summary of the evidence regarding the association between β-agonist use and death from asthma. This effort integrated the results of case-control studies that examined the use of β-agonists among asthmatic patients who died and the use of β-agonists among asthmatic patients who did not die. The possible moderating effects of patient sample age and mode of delivery (oral, metered-dose inhaler, and nebulizer) were also examined. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —An on-line computer search (using MEDLINE) was conducted using the key words<i>β-agonist</i>and<i>asthma</i>. This search was supplemented by ancestry and descendency approach searches. Studies that were available as of April 1992 were eligible for inclusion in this integration. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Studies were included if they reported the precise numbers of cases and controls who did and did not use a β-agonist. A total of six case-control studies comprising 15 separate tests of the relation between β-agonist use and death from asthma and data for 364 cases and 1388 controls were included. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —The 2 (case vs control) × 2 (did vs did not use β-agonist) designs allowed for direct derivation of a χ<sup>2</sup>statistic that tested the association between β-agonist use and death from asthma. Mode of delivery and average age of sample were also coded. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Statistical integration revealed a significant, although extremely weak, relation between β-agonist use and death from asthma (<i>z</i>=3.996;<i>P</i>=.000075; mean<i>r</i>=.055). This relation emerged only when β-agonists were administered with a nebulizer (<i>z</i>=4.481;<i>P</i>=.0000038; mean<i>r</i>=.103). There was no association between β-agonist use and death when β-agonists were administered by metered-dose inhaler (<i>z</i>=1.194;<i>P</i>=.11; mean<i>r</i>=.031) or orally (<i>z</i>=1.247;<i>P</i>=.1; mean<i>r</i>=.031). Adults were more likely than adolescents to evidence the association between β-agonist use and death. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These results document the extremely small magnitude of the relation between β-agonist use and death from asthma. Furthermore, these results specify that the weak relation between β-agonist use and death from asthma may really be restricted to the delivery of β-agonists with a nebulizer. These findings suggest that the headlines that followed the report by Spitzer et al (1992) were misleading. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1842-1845)
Exogenous and Endogenous Adenosine Inhibits Fetal Calf Serum–Induced Growth of Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts
Authors: Raghvendra K. Dubey, Delbert G. Gillespie, Zaichuan Mi, Edwin K. Jackson
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Because proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts participates in cardiac hypertrophy/remodeling associated with hypertension and myocardial infarction, it is important to elucidate factors regulating cardiac fibroblast proliferation. Adenosine, a nucleoside abundantly produced by cardiac cells, is antimitogenic vis-à-vis vascular smooth muscle cells; however, the effect of adenosine on cardiac fibroblast proliferation is unknown. The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of exogenous and endogenous (cardiac fibroblast–derived) adenosine on cardiac fibroblast proliferation. Methods and Results Growth-arrested cardiac fibroblasts were stimulated with 2.5% FCS in the presence and absence of adenosine, 2-chloroadenosine (stable adenosine analogue), or modulators of adenosine levels, including (1) erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA; adenosine deaminase inhibitor); (2) dipyridamole (adenosine transport blocker); and (3) iodotubericidin (adenosine kinase inhibitor). All of these agents inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, FCS-induced cardiac fibroblast proliferation as assessed by DNA synthesis ([ 3 H]thymidine incorporation) and cell counting. EHNA, dipyridamole, and iodotubericidin increased extracellular levels of adenosine by 2.3- to 5.6-fold when added separately to cardiac fibroblasts, and EHNA+iodotubericidin or EHNA+iodotubericidin+dipyridamole increased extracellular adenosine levels by &gt;690-fold. Both KF17837 (selective A 2 antagonist) and DPSPX (nonselective A 2 antagonist) but not DPCPX (selective A 1 antagonist) blocked the antimitogenic effects of 2-chloroadenosine, EHNA, and dipyridamole on DNA synthesis, suggesting the involvement of A 2A and/or A 2B but excluding the participation of A 1 receptors. The lack of effect of CGS21680 (selective A 2A agonist) excluded involvement of A 2A receptors and suggested a major role for A 2B receptors. This conclusion was confirmed by the rank order potencies of four adenosine analogues. Conclusions Cardiac fibroblasts synthesize adenosine, and exogenous and cardiac fibroblast–derived adenosine inhibits cardiac fibroblast proliferation via activation of A 2B receptors. Cardiac fibroblast–derived adenosine may regulate cardiac hypertrophy and/or remodeling by modulating cardiac fibroblast proliferation.
Floxuridine-induced sclerosing cholangitis: An ischemic cholangiopathy?
Authors: Jurgen Ludwig, Chung H. Kim, Russell H. Wiesner, Ruud A. F. Krom
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

A 43-year-old man underwent abdominoperineal resection of a rectal adenocarcinoma, and left hepatic lobectomy for a single metastasis. He then received hepatic artery infusions of floxuridine. The tumor did not recur, but sclerosing cholangitis and liver failure developed which necessitated orthotopic liver transplantation. In the hilus of the native liver, obstructive arteriopathy and portal venopathy were found. These lesions probably had been caused by drug-induced intravascular thrombosis. Thus, the sclerosing cholangitis that develops in many patients after floxuridine infusion may be ischemic rather than toxic. The patient described here is well, 14 months after orthotopic liver transplantation. Therefore, in some cases of floxuridine-induced cholangitis, liver transplantation appears to be indicated despite a history of metastasizing carcinoma.
Mathematical Model to Predict Individual Survival for Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Amnon Zisman, Allan J. Pantuck, Fredrick Dorey, Debby H. Chao, Barbara J. Gitlitz, Nancy Moldawer, Dana Lazarovici, Jean B. deKernion, Robert A. Figlin, Arie S. Belldegrun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To develop a multivariate model and mathematical formula capable of calculating personalized survival for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with clinically available variables. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 477 patients out of 661 undergoing nephrectomy at the University of California Los Angeles between 1989 and 1999 were eligible for evaluation and formed the analyzed cohort for this retrospective study. Time to death was the primary end point assessed. Univariate analysis for 14 to 20 variables was conducted, followed by a multivariate Cox analysis. The variables that provided independent information as to the time of death for metastatic and nonmetastatic patients were coded and incorporated into a function based on the Nadas equation principle. RESULTS: For nonmetastatic patients, the significant variables in the multivariate analysis were Fuhrman’s grade and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status. For the metastatic patients, Fuhrman’s grade, 1997 classification T stage, number of symptoms, nodal involvement, and immunotherapy were independent predictors for survival. These variables, based on the Cox multivariate regression model, were implanted into an exponential Nadas equation. The expected survival predicted by use of the Nadas equations faithfully describes the actual survival based on Kaplan-Meier curves. CONCLUSION: We have developed mathematical equations for estimating survival after radical nephrectomy for RCC. The resulting formulas are capable of better tailoring survival estimates for a specific patient and are based on widely accepted clinical prognostic variables. On validation with external data, this type of representation can be used as a tool for the determination of personalized prognosis and may be useful for patient education and counseling.
EFFECTS OF SOYBEAN PHOSPHATIDES ON THE HEMORRHAGIC TENDENCY DUE TO THROMBOCYTOPENIA*
Authors: Issac Djerassi, Sidney Farber, Albert J. Roy, Hiroku Yoshimura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

Intravenous administration of a soybean phosphatide preparation to x- irradiated, thrombocytopenic dogs was followed by rapid reduction of bleeding into the lymph of the left thoracic lymph duct. The maximal effects of a single infusion lasted 2 to 3 hours, but could be maintained or induced again by subsequent infusions. Complete return of the lymph to norraal appearance and content of red blood cells was observed in some of the animals. The prolonged bleeding time was not affected. (auth)
Phenylketonuria: therapeutic problems.
Authors: P. V. Tishler
Journal: BMJ (1969)

aspects of the interview this is often the most important and often the most neglected.How many doctors use nurses in clinics as nurses " ?How many can find time to teach nurses in the clinic situation ?How many in reality use nurses as chaperons ?I suspect most.As Salmon indicates8 wise delegation on sapiential lines could see that clinics could have access to either an expert path.technician or to a qualified S.E.N. or S.R.N. as required.Both these experts being unhampered by the straightforward activities,
Benjamin Babington and the Quadricuspid Aortic Valve
Authors: Raymond E. Bietry, Robin S. Freedberg, Muhamed Saric
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Letters6 August 2013Benjamin Babington and the Quadricuspid Aortic ValveRaymond E. Bietry, MD, Robin S. Freedberg, MD, and Muhamed Saric, MD, PhDRaymond E. Bietry, MDFrom New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this author, Robin S. Freedberg, MDFrom New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this author, and Muhamed Saric, MD, PhDFrom New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-3-201308060-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Background: Authors of medical journal articles often provide historical context in their introductions but rarely include more than a cursory summary of premodern events. This is unfortunate, because a thoughtful investigation of the history of a disease may reveal equally interesting (and instructive) tales of discovery. However, such tales may be clouded by misattribution and miscitation—errors that, when propagated through the years, may transform falsehoods into de facto historical truths.Objective: To examine the case of the initial description of the quadricuspid aortic valve.Methods and Findings: After imaging a quadricuspid aortic valve in our echocardiography laboratory, we reviewed the ...References1. Robicsek F, Sanger PW, Daugherty HK, and Montgomery CC. Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve with displacement of the left coronary orifice. Am J Cardiol. 1969;23:288-90. [PMID: 5772948] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Dilg J. [A contribution to the knowledge of rare cardiac abnormalities following a case of congenital left-sided conus stenosis]. Arch Pathol Anat Physiol Klin Med. 1883;91:193-259. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. D'Almagro MD. [Clinical and pathological study of the persistent ductus arteriosus]. Paris Bignoux 1862. Google Scholar4. Babington BG. Case of cyanosis dependent patent ductus arteriosus. London Medical Gazette. 1847;4:822-3. Google Scholar5. Obituary. Benjamin Guy Babington, M.D., F.R.S. Medical Times and Gazette. . 1866;1:429-30. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Raymond E. Bietry, MD; Robin S. Freedberg, MD; Muhamed Saric, MD, PhDAffiliations: From New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.Disclosures: Employment: New York University School of Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 August 2013Volume 159, Issue 3Page: 228-229KeywordsAortic valveCongenital disordersEchocardiographyResearch laboratories ePublished: 6 August 2013 Issue Published: 6 August 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A phase 1 trial of the anti-KIR antibody IPH2101 in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Don M. Benson, Craig C. Hofmeister, Swaminathan Padmanabhan, Attaya Suvannasankha, Sundar Jagannath, Rafat Abonour, Courtney Bakan, Pascale Andre, Yvonne Efebera, Jérôme Tiollier, Michael A. Caligiuri, Sherif S. Farag
Journal: Blood (2012)
Beneficial Effect of Lung Preservation Is Related to Ultrastructural Integrity of Tubular Myelin after Experimental Ischemia and Reperfusion
Authors: ANTONIA FEHRENBACH, MATTHIAS OCHS, TOBIAS WARNECKE, THORSTEN WAHLERS, THORSTEN WITTWER, ANDREAS SCHMIEDL, SEBASTIAN ELKI, DANIEL MEYER, JOACHIM RICHTER, HEINZ FEHRENBACH
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury results in the impairment of surfactant activity. The hypothesis that the differences in lung preservation quality obtained by EuroCollins (EC) and Celsior (CE) solutions were related to surfactant alterations was tested. To avoid extensive structural damage and edema formation, which can secondarily affect the surfactant system, lungs were stored for a short ischemic period (2 h at 10 ° C) and reperfused (50 min) in an isolated perfused rat lung model after preservation with either potassium-reduced (40 mmol) EC40 or with CE. Using a modified stereological approach ultrastructure, total amount and distribution of phospholipid membranes composing tubular myelin (tm) and small (s) and large (l) unilameliar vesicles (ul) were investigated in the organ in lungs fixed by vascular perfusion either in situ (controls) or after I/R (n = 5 per group). The total amount of intraalveolar surfactant was increased after I/R. However, a significant amount (p = 0.008) of tm was displaced into the alveolar lumen and showed wider meshes of the tm lattices than did the controls (p = 0.023) where almost all tm was epithelial. In lungs preserved with EC40, epithelial tm was significantly reduced (p = 0.018), resulting in a higher ratio (p = 0.034) of surface-inactive small ul (0.05 to 0.3 μ m) to surface-active epithelial tm. In the CE group approximately 50% of the total tm pool was epithelial. This was accompanied by higher parenchymal air space and improved functional parameters. Epithelial and endothelial cell-specific immunostaining did not reveal any gross damage of the blood-gas barrier. In summary, improved lung function during reperfusion was associated with beneficial effects of lung preservation on tm integrity after I/R. These observations suggest that preservation solutions ameliorate events leading to surfactant disturbance even before extensive lung injury is manifested.
Pigment content of cultured human melanocytes does not correlate with tyrosinase message level
Authors: J. M. NAEYAERT, M. ELLER, P. R. GORDON, H-Y. PARK, BARBARA A. GILCHREST
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Pigment content of cultured human melanocytes does not correlate with tyrosinase message level Get access J. M. NAEYAERT, J. M. NAEYAERT USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. ELLER, M. ELLER Department of Dermantology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A.USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. R. GORDON, P. R. GORDON USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H‐Y. PARK, H‐Y. PARK USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, U.S.A.Department of Dermantology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BARBARA A. GILCHREST BARBARA A. GILCHREST USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, U.S.A.Department of Dermantology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A. Professor B.A. Gilehrest, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, 711 washington Street Boston, MA 02111. U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 125, Issue 4, 1 October 1991, Pages 297–303, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14161.x Published: 01 October 1991
Interferon-γ –Receptor Deficiency in an Infant with Fatal Bacille Calmette–Guérin Infection
Authors: Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Frédéric Altare, Salma Lamhamedi, Patrick Revy, Jean-François Emile, Melanie Newport, Michael Levin, Stéphane Blanche, Eric Seboun, Alain Fischer, Jean-Laurent Casanova
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

The attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) is the most widely used vaccine in the world. In most children, inoculation of live BCG vaccine is harmless although it oc...