tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Case of Embolism (?) of the Central Artery of the Retina Connected with Facial Erysipelas
Authors: A. Emrys-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1884)

cas (which I could do), but will briefly name one which came under my notice last month, and two now under my care.The father of a little girl, in giving me the reason of her illness, said:"These teachers anid school-board officers will kill my girl; she is at her lessons as soon as she gets out of bed, then at school, and when she comes home at night she has so many lessons to learn that she cannot eat, and is going as thin as a lath."I have now under my care a little girl, who has not been able to attend school since last summer; her parents are intelligent and indus- trious, and are anxious the little girl should go to school; but she was so pressed with her lessons last year, that she broke down in health, talked about her lessons in the night, and was subject to vomit- ig frequently.I ordered her to have rest.She knows she is getting behind others at school, and is anxious to go; yet, when her parents seak of her going, the vomiting comes on again, as well as the sleep- lsssness.I have another, a dull little girl, under my care, who suffers in a similar manner.
AAMC Analyzes 1997 Balanced Budget Act
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High-Energy Defibrillation Increases the Severity of Postresuscitation Myocardial Dysfunction
Authors: Jianlin Xie, Max Harry Weil, Shijie Sun, Wanchun Tang, Yoji Sato, Xiaohua Jin, Joe Bisera
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The fatal outcome of victims after initially successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest has been attributed both to global myocardial ischemia during the interval of cardiac arrest and to the adverse effects of reperfusion. The present study was prompted by earlier experimental observation that the magnitude of myocardial dysfunction was in part related to the energy delivered during electrical defibrillation. Methods and Results Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced in 15 Sprague-Dawley rats. Precordial compression was begun together with mechanical ventilation after 4 minutes of untreated VF and continued for 6 minutes. Spontaneous circulation was restored in each animal after external defibrillation with a single stored 2-, 10-, or 20-J countershock. Cardiac index and the rate of left ventricular pressure rise at left ventricular pressure of 40 mm Hg (dP/dt 40 ) and fall (negative dP/dt) during the 240-minute interval after successful resuscitation were decreased, and left ventricular diastolic pressure was increased. These decreases in myocardial function were closely related to the energy of electrical defibrillation. After a 20-J shock, animals survived for only 5±3 hours; after a 10-J shock, animals survived for 15±4 hours; and after a 2-J shock, all animals survived for &gt;24 hours. Conclusions The severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction is related, at least in part, to the magnitude of the electrical energy of the delivered shock.
Cardiac Output and Arterial Hypertension.
Authors: Sidney Arthur Gladstone
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

This little volume is a collection of four individual papers rather than a monograph dealing with the subject as a whole. The first two papers present a critical outline of methods of determining the cardiac output in man by foreign gas inhalation. The third paper deals with an application of the author's modification to a study of the cardiac output in arterial hypertension. It is shown that the cardiac output is normal in the hypertensive state and that therefore it is concluded that the increased cardiac work which results in hypertrophy may be attributed solely to increased peripheral resistance. The fourth paper is a scholarly, critical analysis of the literature dealing with the pathogenesis of nephritic hypertension; no new facts are presented. The philosophical discussion is interesting reading, although many assumptions make one question the validity of the conclusions. For those deeply interested in investigative work on circulatory dynamics the
A Crusade of Education.
Authors: H. B. Young
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Burlington, Iowa, Aug 10, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The controversy now going on in theJournalbetween Dr. Maclean and the Michigan Medical Legislative League reminds some of us of the struggle some years ago to get a medical law in Iowa; and some of us perhaps sympathize with Dr. Maclean even if we have such a law and the Regulars have a majority on the Board. Specialists in general, and eye and ear men in particular, have not infrequently been accused of tendencies to lax methods in practice; and the specific charge commonly made is that of consulting or desiring to consult with homeopaths, etc. Some of our brethren in New York (and they are not all specialists), on account of their liberal declaration on this subject have been denied fellowship in theAmerican Medical Association. But here in Iowa (and it may have been so in other States)
Hypomorphic PCNA mutation underlies a human DNA repair disorder
Authors: Emma L. Baple, Helen Chambers, Harold E. Cross, Heather Fawcett, Yuka Nakazawa, Barry A. Chioza, Gaurav V. Harlalka, Sahar Mansour, Ajith Sreekantan-Nair, Michael A. Patton, Martina Muggenthaler, Phillip Rich, Karin Wagner, Roselyn Coblentz, Constance K. Stein, James I. Last, A. Malcolm R. Taylor, Andrew P. Jackson, Tomoo Ogi, Alan R. Lehmann, Catherine M. Green, Andrew H. Crosby
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Numerous human disorders, including Cockayne syndrome, UV-sensitive syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum, and trichothiodystrophy, result from the mutation of genes encoding molecules important for nucleotide excision repair. Here, we describe a syndrome in which the cardinal clinical features include short stature, hearing loss, premature aging, telangiectasia, neurodegeneration, and photosensitivity, resulting from a homozygous missense (p.Ser228Ile) sequence alteration of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). PCNA is a highly conserved sliding clamp protein essential for DNA replication and repair. Due to this fundamental role, mutations in PCNA that profoundly impair protein function would be incompatible with life. Interestingly, while the p.Ser228Ile alteration appeared to have no effect on protein levels or DNA replication, patient cells exhibited marked abnormalities in response to UV irradiation, displaying substantial reductions in both UV survival and RNA synthesis recovery. The p.Ser228Ile change also profoundly altered PCNA's interaction with Flap endonuclease 1 and DNA Ligase 1, DNA metabolism enzymes. Together, our findings detail a mutation of PCNA in humans associated with a neurodegenerative phenotype, displaying clinical and molecular features common to other DNA repair disorders, which we showed to be attributable to a hypomorphic amino acid alteration.
A genomewide DNA microsatellite association study of Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis type 1
Authors: Shuichi Yokosawa, Kaname Yoshizawa, Masao Ota, Yoshihiko Katsuyama, Shigeyuki Kawa, Tetsuya Ichijo, Takeji Umemura, Eiji Tanaka, Kendo Kiyosawa
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Genetic predisposition to type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is linked mainly to HLA class II genes. We previously searched the whole HLA region for AIH susceptibility genes using microsatellite markers and found only HLA-DR/DQ to be a candidate region for this suspected multifactorial disease. As such, the aim of this study was to broaden our search and screen the whole genome for additional genes that might contribute to type 1 AIH susceptibility. Eighty-one patients with type 1 AIH (15 men, 66 women, average age 55.9) and 80 healthy sex- and age-matched Japanese controls were enrolled in this study. We performed a case-control association study using 400 polymorphic microsatellite markers with an average spacing of 10.8 cM distributed throughout the whole genome. Two markers, one on chromosome 11 (D11S902, Pc = 0.013) and one on chromosome 18 (D18S464, Pc = 0.008), were revealed to have statistically significant associations with AIH. An additional 7 markers (D2S367, D6S309, D9S273, D11S1320, D16S423, D17S938, and D18S68) were also found to be candidate susceptibility regions. In addition, our results showed there were 17 regions that may contain genes of resistance to AIH. No specific markers were detected in HLA-DR4-negative patients, and no differences were seen in the clinical courses of patients (severe versus mild to moderate).This first genomewide scan of Japanese AIH patients revealed at least 26 candidate AIH susceptibility or resistance regions other than HLA class II loci. These results also suggested that the products of several genes interact to determine heritable susceptibility to AIH.
Acute red ear in children: controlled trial of non-antibiotic treatment in general practice.
Authors: P Burke, J Bain, D Robinson, J Dunleavey
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the efficacy and safety of conservative management of mild otitis media ("the acute red ear") in children. DESIGN--Double blind placebo controlled trial. SETTING--17 group general practices (48 general practitioners) in Southampton, Bristol, and Portsmouth. PATIENTS--232 children aged 3-10 years with acute earache and at least one abnormal eardrum (114 allocated to receive antibiotic, 118 placebo). INTERVENTIONS--Amoxycillin 125 mg three times a day for seven days or matching placebo; 100 ml paracetamol 120 mg/5 ml. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Diary records of pain and crying, use of analgesic, eardrum signs, failure of treatment, tympanometry at one and three months, recurrence rate, and ear, nose, and throat referral rate over one year. RESULTS--Treatment failure was eight times more likely in the placebo than the antibiotic group (14.4% v 1.7%, odds ratio 8.21, 95% confidence interval 1.94 to 34.7). Children in the placebo group showed a significantly higher incidence of fever on the day after entry (20% v 8%, p less than 0.05), mean analgesic consumption (0.36 ml/h v 0.21 ml/h, difference 0.14, 95% confidence interval 0.07 to 0.23; p = 0.0022), mean duration of crying (1.44 days v 0.50 days, 0.94; 0.50 to 1.38; p less than 0.001), and mean absence from school (1.96 days v 0.52 days, 1.45; 0.46 to 2.42; p = 0.0132). Differences in recorded pain were not significant. The prevalence of middle ear effusion at one or three months, as defined by tympanometry, was not significantly different, nor was there any difference in recurrence rate or in ear, nose, and throat referral rate in the follow up year. No characteristics could be identified which predicted an adverse outcome. CONCLUSIONS--Use of antibiotic improves short term outcome substantially and therefore continues to be an appropriate management policy.
Bleeding Manifestations in 100 Patients With Amyloidosis
Authors: Robert A. Yood
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Focal or generalized hemorrhage is a commonly encountered clinical problem in patients with amyloidosis. In 100 patients with amyloidosis, 41 patients experienced one or more bleeding episodes: petechiae and ecchymoses (23), gastrointestinal tract bleeding (18), bleeding after a diagnostic procedure (eight), hematuria (three), hemoptysis (two), and miscellaneous (four). Severe hemorrhage was the cause of death in three patients. Bleeding occurred frequently in the absence of abnormalities of clotting tests, suggesting that hemorrhage in amyloidosis is most often due to amyloid infiltration of blood vessels. In this group of patients, an isolated factor X deficiency was not observed.
Inconsistent Results, Inaccurate Claims Plague Direct-to-Consumer Gene Tests
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Platelet Transfusion Reaction Due to Yersinia enterocolitica
Authors: Matthew J. Kuehnert
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Although the safety of more than 20 million units of blood products transfused in the United States each year has improved through modifications in donor screening and testing in response to the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic, residual risk remains for acquisition of infection caused by emerging pathogens, including<i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>.<sup>1,2</sup> <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —In March 1997, a 57-year-old man with acute granulocytic leukemia was transfused with a unit of pooled platelet concentrate. Forty-five minutes after the infusion began, the patient developed severe rigors; the transfusion was stopped. Bacterial contamination of the platelet concentrate was suspected. Although Gram stain of the unit was negative, culture of the remaining platelet concentrate yielded<i>Y enterocolitica</i>, serotype 0:3. Blood cultures drawn at the time of the reaction, while the patient was receiving imipenem and gentamicin, did not grow bacteria. Six donors contributed to the pooled platelet unit. Of the
Immediate and short-term hemodynamic effects of diltiazem in patients with hypertension.
Authors: C Amodeo, I Kobrin, H O Ventura, F H Messerli, E D Frohlich
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The immediate effects of intravenous diltiazem effects and short-term (4 weeks) of the oral drug on systemic and regional hemodynamics, cardiac structure, and humoral responses were evaluated by previously reported methods in nine patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension and in one patient with primary aldosteronism. Diltiazem was first administered in three intravenous doses of 0.06, 0.06, and 0.12 mg/kg, respectively; patients were then treated for 4 weeks with daily doses ranging from 240 to 360 mg (average 300 mg). Intravenous diltiazem immediately reduced mean arterial pressure (from 115 +/- 3 to 96 +/- 3 mm Hg; p less than .01) through a fall in total peripheral resistance index (from 37 +/- 3 to 23 +/- 2 U/m2; p less than .01) that was associated with an increase in heart rate (from 66 +/- 2 to 77 +/- 3 beats/min; p less than .01) and cardiac index (from 3.3 +/- 0.3 to 4.3 +/- 0.4 liters/min/m2; p less than .01). These changes were not associated with changes in plasma levels of catecholamines or aldosterone or in plasma renin activity. After 4 weeks the significant decrease in mean arterial pressure persisted (104 +/- 3 mm Hg; p less than .01) and there were still no changes in the humoral substances or plasma volume. Renal blood flow index increased (from 368 +/- 52 to 462 +/- 57 ml/min/m2; p less than .01) and renal vascular resistance index decreased (from 0.37 +/- 0.06 to 0.26 +/- 0.04 U/m2; p less than .01), while splanchnic hemodynamics did not change.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sensitivity of myeloid progenitors to NK‐cell depletion
Authors: D. Fardoun‐Joalland, G. Texeira‐Lebrun, F. Jouan‐Beades, B. Lenormand, M. Dzondo‐Gadet, J. P. Vannier
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract To gain additional informations on the role played by Natural Killer cells (NK) in the differentiation of human hematopoietic precursors, we have studied the effect of NK‐cell depletion on the in vitro proliferation of hematopoietic cells. NK cells were depleted from blood mononuclear cells by FACS using anti CD3 and anti CD56 monoclonal antibodies. Depletion of NK cells suppressed CFU‐GM up to 69% ( P &lt; 0,01), while no significant effect on either BFU‐E and CFU‐Mix growth was observed. To define the threshold of CD56+ cells required to support CFU‐GM formation, NK cells were added to NK‐depleted cells in a titrated fashion. Enhancement of CFU‐GM colony growth was observed at NK/NK ‐ depleted cells ratio of 0.15/1. A dose dependent suppression of CFU growth was observed at ratios ranging from 0.25/1 to 0.5/1. Addition of neutralizing antibodies against IL3 and GM‐CSF abrogate the stimulating effect of NK cells. Our results suggest that cells with LGL morphology and NK markers play an important role in differentiation of myeloid precursors and exert a moderate influence on erythroid progenitors. The modulatory effect on hematopietic progenitors depend on the number of NK cells present in the mixed culture. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
15 RIFAXIMIN TREATMENT IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: RESULTS OF A LARGE, RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: A. Sanyal, N. Bass, K. Mullen, F. Poordad, A. Shaw, K. Merchant, E. Bortey, W.P. Forbes, S. Huang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Psychiatric Drugs: Proceedings of a Research Conference Held in Boston
Authors: S. H. Kraines
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Twenty-three papers in this volume cover the general field of psychopharmacology. A few may be mentioned specifically. Joel Elkes contributes brilliantly, as he usually does, to an overall view of the basic neurophysiologic concepts operative in drug therapy; his essay is terse, pithy, and quotable. Peter Drews develops the current concept of operational behavior as being the substratum for the behavioral effects of drugs. William Sargant of England writes discursively of the difficulties encountered in treating patients before the advent of physical therapies; Elizabeth Zetzel counters with support for the psychoanalytic therapy. Six authors dilate upon the drugs used in the therapy of psychoses, of depression, of neurotic anxiety and tension. Nathan Kline, a pioneer in the field of psychopharmacology, blasts what he calls several myths in this field. He contends that oral amphetamines may be used to advantage in combination with monamine oxidase inhibitors; that monamine oxidase inhibitors may
Study of DNASE I gene polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility
Authors: A. Bodano, A. Gonzalez, E. Balada, J. Ordi, P. Carreira, J. J Gomez-Reino, C. Conde
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterised by a broad spectrum of autoantibodies directed to ubiquitous intracellular antigens. DNase I is a key enzyme implicated in the clearance of extracellular DNA,1 and several studies point to defective DNase I as an important player in development of SLE.2–5 Yasutomo et al described two Japanese girls with SLE bearing a non-sense mutation, leading to a non-functional protein.4 We have described two Spanish patients with SLE with different mutations in the DNASE I gene and very low serum DNase I activity.5 Overall these mutations are very rare and do not explain the low DNase I activity found in most patients with SLE.

We …
Management of Cold Urticaria during Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: William E. Johnston, Jonathan Moss, Daniel M. Philbin, Timothy E. Guiney, John H. Sisson, Mortimer J. Buckley, Edward Lowenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Cold urticaria is a potentially life-threatening allergic disorder characterized by swelling and edema of exposed tissue in response to a cold stimulus, and occasionally associated with hypotension and cardiovascular collapse.1 2 3 This report presents our experience with the cold-urticaria syndrome in a patient who required myocardial revascularization using hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.MethodsA 47-year-old man with a history of two myocardial infarctions presented with crescendo angina. He was receiving propranolol, 20 mg four times daily. He had a six-year history of localized swelling and pruritus after cold exposure, most noticeable after eating ice cream or holding a cold drink. Cardiac catheterization . . .
Cyclosporin A treatment and airways inflammation in corticosteroid‐dependent asthma
Authors: A. E. Redington, F. M. Hardinge, J. Madden, S. T. Holgate, P. H. Howarth
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Cyclosporin A is a potent immunosuppressive agent which inhibits activation of T cells and other inflammatory ceils. It has been shown to be of clinical benefit in patients with corticosteroid dependent asthma, but there are no data on its in vivo effects on airways inflammation. In this report, we describe the case of a 47‐year‐old man with chronic severe corticosteroid‐dependent asthma who made a dramatic clinical response to therapy with cyclosporin A. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and endobronchial biopsy were performed before and after a 12‐month period of treatment with cyclosporin A and demonstrated a concomitant reduction in airway inflammatory indices.
CYTOCHROME P450 AND XENOBIOTIC RECEPTOR HUMANIZED MICE
Authors: Frank J. Gonzalez, Ai-Ming Yu
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2005)

Most xenobiotics that enter the body are subjected to metabolism that functions primarily to facilitate their elimination. Metabolism of certain xenobiotics can also result in the production of electrophilic derivatives that can cause cell toxicity and transformation. Many xenobiotics can also activate receptors that in turn induce the expression of genes encoding xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and xenobiotic transporters. However, there are marked species differences in the way mammals respond to xenobiotics, which are due in large part to molecular differences in receptors and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. This presents a problem in extrapolating data obtained with rodent model systems to humans. There are also polymorphisms in xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes that can impact drug therapy and cancer susceptibility. In an effort to generate more reliable in vivo systems to study and predict human response to xenobiotics, humanized mice are under development.