tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of Campylobacter pylori by the biopsy urease test: an assessment in 1445 patients.
Authors: C A McNulty, J C Dent, J S Uff, M W Gear, S P Wilkinson
Journal: Gut (1989)

The presence of C pylori infection was determined in 1445 patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy over a 12 month period. The presence of C pylori was detected in gastric mucosal biopsy specimens by the biopsy urease test, microscopy (Gram stained smears and histology) and culture. Two media were used for the biopsy urease test: Christensen's urea broth (for the first 600 patients) and the Christensen's urea broth modified by increasing the concentration of phenol red and omitting the nutrients, glucose and peptone (for the remaining patients). Both the Christensen's urea broth and modified urea broth were almost 100% specific when compared with detection of C pylori by Gram, culture and histopathology. The modified broth was more sensitive (96% sensitivity compared with culture) than the Christensen's broth (92% sensitivity) but this difference was not statistically significant. The modified broth gave significantly more positive results (58%) in less than 30 minutes than the Christensen's broth (48%). Seventy four per cent of positive results were available in less than two hours. Specimens from patients with extensive C pylori infection gave more rapid results: 86% of specimens that yielded a profuse growth of C pylori and 76% that contained numerous organisms on histological sections had a positive urease test in less than one hour. There was no significant difference between the specificity and sensitivity of our modified urea broth and the other modified broths described in the literature. This test is a cheap and rapid alternative to the diagnosis of C pylori by Gram stained smears or culture.
Factors affecting the in vitro dissolution of cobalt oxide.
Authors: C G Collier, M J Pearce, A Hodgson, A Ball
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

In a recent interspecies comparison of the lung clearance of cobalt oxide (57Co3O4), differences of up to 4-fold were found in the translocation rates of 57Co to blood between seven different animal species, including man. This study investigated some factors that could influence the dissolution of this material in vitro. The effect of bicarbonate and citrate concentrations (over physiological ranges) and medium pH on in vitro dissolution of 57Co from 57Co3O4 particles was measured in a simple noncellular system. pH levels of 4.5, 6.1, and 7.2 were used to correspond to those in the alveolar macrophage lysosome, its cytoplasm, and the extracellular lung fluid. Measurements of the fractional dissolution rate were made weekly for 3 months. pH had the greatest effect on dissolution rates, with particles suspended in the lowest pH medium (4.5) dissolving at a significantly faster rate than at higher pH values. Increasing citrate concentrations resulted in slightly higher dissolution rates, but there was no effect of bicarbonate concentration. There was no evidence of synergism between the factors studied.
Afferent renal nerve-dependent hypertension following acute renal artery stenosis in the conscious rat.
Authors: J E Faber, M J Brody
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Anatomical and electrophysiological evidence indicates that the kidneys contain both mechano- and chemoreceptor nerve endings. We conducted the present study to determine whether conditions of reduced renal blood flow elicit cardiovascular alterations that are dependent on afferent renal nerves. Removal of the renin-angiotensin system with the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, and/or reduction in baroreflex gain by sinoaortic denervation, were combined in conscious rats with acute renal artery stenosis to prevent these systems from potentially obscuring any afferent renal nerve-dependent effects. One week after sinoaortic denervation or sham sinoaortic denervation, each rat was chronically instrumented with Doppler flow probes on the lower abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric and right renal arteries, as well as with intravascular catheters, and a perivascular balloon occluder on the right renal artery. After surgical recovery, sham sinoaortic-denervated animals responded to a 60-minute period of stenosis (50% reduction in renal blood flow) with increases in arterial pressure, regional resistance, and plasma renin activity. Captopril abolished the increases in arterial pressure, hindquarters, and left renal resistance, but both bradycardia and increased mesenteric resistance persisted, indicating that baroreflex activation might be buffering a non-renin-angiotensin system pro-hypertensive mechanism. In support of this, sinoaortic-denervated animals during captopril administration responded to stenosis with substantial increases in arterial pressure (25-30 mm Hg) and regional resistance (30-50%) that were unrelated to the renin-angiotensin system, but which were abolished after denervation of the stenotic kidney. The data suggest that acute reductions in renal blood flow activate an afferent renal nerve-dependent cardiovascular response that is strongly expressed under conditions of reduced gain of the renin-angiotensin and baroreflex systems. We speculate that this reflex may assume particular importance in chronic renal hypertension when baroreflexes become impaired and activation of the renin-angiotensin system is reduced.
The War on Drugs: Time to Relocate the Battlefield?
Authors: Patricia Doty Peterson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The articles on drug legalization and prohibition<sup>1</sup>were timely and important. Legalization would save many lives and untold dollars that would be much better spent on treatment. However, nowhere is there any mention of the clinical paradigm of legalization, which might actually be acceptable to voters and their representatives. The American people do not want to see their parks full of drug users, nor do they want their young children exposed to drug taking. A reasonable way to avoid all this would be to have the legalized drugs available only in clinics set in the areas of highest drug use. A dose would be taken only in the presence of staff and not be allowed to be removed from the clinic. The price of drugs would be comparatively inexpensive, and thus put the drug dealers out of business. The cost would be much less than our
Pressure-Overload–Induced Subcellular Relocalization/Oxidation of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase in the Heart Modulates Enzyme Stimulation
Authors: Emily J. Tsai, Yuchuan Liu, Norimichi Koitabashi, Djahida Bedja, Thomas Danner, Jean-Francois Jasmin, Michael P. Lisanti, Andreas Friebe, Eiki Takimoto, David A. Kass
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) generates cyclic guanosine monophophate (cGMP) upon activation by nitric oxide (NO). Cardiac NO-sGC-cGMP signaling blunts cardiac stress responses, including pressure-overload-induced hypertrophy. The latter itself depresses signaling through this pathway by reducing NO generation and enhancing cGMP hydrolysis.
Human carbonyl reductase 1 upregulated by hypoxia renders resistance to apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Eunyoung Tak, Seonmin Lee, Jisun Lee, M.A. Rashid, Youn Wha Kim, Jae-Hoon Park, Won Sang Park, Kevan M. Shokat, Joohun Ha, Sung Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Suppression of tumor growth in H-ras12V liver cancer mice by delivery of programmed cell death protein 4 using galactosylated poly(ethylene glycol)-chitosan-graft-spermine
Authors: Ji-Hye Kim, Arash Minai-Tehrani, You-Kyoung Kim, Ji-Young Shin, Seong-Ho Hong, Hye-Joon Kim, Hee-Do Lee, Seung-Hee Chang, Kyeong-Nam Yu, Yong-Bin Bang, Chong-Su Cho, Tae-Jong Yoon, Dae-Yeul Yu, Hu-Lin Jiang, Myung-Haing Cho
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Aberrant Excitatory Neuronal Activity and Compensatory Remodeling of Inhibitory Hippocampal Circuits in Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Jorge J. Palop, Jeannie Chin, Erik D. Roberson, Jun Wang, Myo T. Thwin, Nga Bien-Ly, Jong Yoo, Kaitlyn O. Ho, Gui-Qiu Yu, Anatol Kreitzer, Steven Finkbeiner, Jeffrey L. Noebels, Lennart Mucke
Journal: Neuron (2007)
Epidemiology of Osteoporotic Ankle Fractures in Elderly Persons in Finland
Authors: Pekka Kannus
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Background: Although osteoporotic or minimal trauma fractures among elderly persons are a major public health problem worldwide, epidemiologic information on these fractures is limited. Objective: To determine the current trend in the number and incidence of osteoporotic ankle fractures in the elderly. A fracture was defined as osteoporotic only if it occurred as a result of minimal trauma in a person 60 years of age or older. Design: National hospital discharge register. Setting: Finland, a country with approximately 5 million inhabitants. Participants: All patients 60 years of age or older who were admitted to hospitals in Finland for primary treatment of first osteoporotic ankle fracture in 1970 to 1972, 1974, 1975, 1978 to 1980, 1983 to 1985, 1988 to 1989, and 1991 to 1994. Measurements: The number and the age-specific and age-adjusted incidence of osteoporotic ankle fractures in each year of the study. Results: For the study period, the number and incidence (per 100 000 persons) of osteoporosis-related ankle fractures in Finnish persons 60 years of age or older increased considerably (370 and 57, respectively, in 1970 compared with 1243 and 130, respectively, in 1994). The age-adjusted incidence of these fractures also increased in women, from 66 in 1970 to 162 in 1994, and in men, from 38 in 1970 to 82 in 1994. Conclusion: The number of osteoporotic ankle fractures in Finland is increasing at a rate that cannot be explained simply by demographic changes. Vigorous preventive measures are needed to control the increasing burden of this type of fracture.
The South Asian Cataract Management Study: complications, vision outcomes, and corneal endothelial cell loss in a randomized multicenter clinical trial comparing intracapsular cataract extraction with and without anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Torkel Snellingen, Jeevan K Shrestha, Fazlul Huq, Rabiul Husain, Shashank Koirala, Gullapalli N Rao, Ram P Pokhrel, Albert Kolstad, Madan P Upadhyay, David J Apple, Egil Arnesen, Hung Cheng, Erling G Olsen, Martin Vogel
Journal: Ophthalmology (2000)
Hypothyroidism Due to Thyroid-Hormone-Binding Antibodies
Authors: F. Anders Karlsson, Lars Wibell, Leif Wide
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Hypothyroidism may be due to disorders of the hypothalamus, of the pituitary and, most commonly, of the thyroid itself. A familial syndrome with a "peripheral resistance" to thyroid hormones has also been described.1 In the hypothyroid patient described below normal thyroid tissue function was indicated by a normal biopsy and uptake of radioactive iodine. In this case, the hypothyroid state was probably due to the abnormal binding of tri-iodothyronine to circulating antibodies of high amount and affinity.Case ReportA 26-year-old woman was referred to the hospital by her physician, who, in November, 1975, found low values of serum thyroxine . . .
7,12-Dimethylbenz(<i>a</i>)Anthracene Treatment of a c-<i>rel</i> Mouse Mammary Tumor Cell Line Induces Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition via Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB
Authors: Sangmin Ryan Shin, Nuria Sánchez-Velar, David H. Sherr, Gail E. Sonenshein
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

The aberrant expression of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) c-Rel subunit that occurs in many human breast cancers can play a causal role in tumorigenesis as judged by findings with a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-c-rel transgenic mouse model, in which 31.6% of mice developed one or more mammary tumors after a long latency. Interestingly, none of the cell lines established from the mammary tumors grew in soft agar. To begin to test the hypothesis that a prototypic carcinogen insult can promote a more invasive, mesenchymal phenotype, a cell line established from a MMTV-c-rel mammary tumor rel-3983 was treated in culture with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA; rel-3983D cells) or DMSO vehicle (rel-3983V cells). Rel-3983D cells displayed an increased rate of proliferation, displayed growth to a higher cell density, and acquired the ability to grow in soft agar and in Matrigel compared with the parental rel-3983 or vehicle-treated rel-3983V cells. Consistent with a more mesenchymal phenotype, rel-3983D cells showed loss of E-cadherin expression as judged by immunofluorescence microscopy. Compared with control cells, rel-3983D displayed increased NF-kappaB binding and higher levels of the NF-kappaB transactivating subunits c-Rel, RelA, and RelB, which seemed functional as judged by induction of c-Myc and vimentin, products of two NF-kappaB target genes. Ectopic expression of a super repressor mutant of IkappaB-alpha reduced rel-3983D cell growth and invasive morphology in Matrigel, confirming the role of NF-kappaB in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Thus, DMBA treatment of c-Rel-transformed mammary tumor cells in culture is shown here for the first time to result in EMT via activation of NF-kappaB. The aberrant c-Rel expression present in most human breast cancers suggests that this mechanism may play an important role in carcinogenesis.
Torsades de Pointes and Nifedipine
Authors: Howard A. Grayson, Joseph D. Kennedy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1982Torsades de Pointes and NifedipineHOWARD A. GRAYSON, JOSEPH D. KENNEDYHOWARD A. GRAYSONSearch for more papers by this author, JOSEPH D. KENNEDYSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-1-144_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Among the causes of the ventricular arrhythmia "les torsades de pointes," recently reviewed by Smith and Gallagher (1), are the coronary vasodilators phenylamine and lidoflazine. Recently, a patient under our care developed torsades de pointes after the administration of a single dose of the coronary vasodilator, nifedipine (Procardia; Pfizer, Inc., New York, New York).A 74-year-old white woman with type II, diet-controlled, diabetes mellitus was admitted 12 April 1982 for unstable angina pectoris. She had been followed regularly in the medical clinic for chronic atrial fibrillation (without evidence of atrioventricular heart block) and congestive heart failure. Both...Reference1. SMITHGALLAGHER WJ. "Les torsades de pointes": an unusual ventricular arrhythmia. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:578-84. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByNifedipineDrugs Used to Treat Hypertension, Heart Failure, and Angina PectorisNifedipineEvaluation of the Rabbit Purkinje Fibre Assay as an in vitro Tool for Assessing the Risk of Drug-Induced Torsades de Pointes in HumansDrug Interactions with CisapridePart IV: Class II, Class III, and Class IV Antiarrhythmic Drugs, Comparative Efficacy of Drugs, and Effect of Drugs on Mortality - A Review of Their Pharmaco kinetics, Efficacy, and Toxicity*Probleme bei der Behandlung mit KalziumantagonistenPlacebo-Controlled Trial of Once-A-Day Isradipine Monotherapy in Mild to Moderately Severe HypertensionSide Effects — Overdosage — Contraindications — Drug InteractionsPart IV: Class II, Class III, and Class IV Antiarrhythmic Drugs, Comparative Efficacy of Drugs, and Effect of Drugs on Mortality ? A Review of Their Pharmaco kinetics, Efficacy, and ToxicityNebenwirkungen — Überdosierung (Vergiftung) — Kontraindikationen — ArzneimittelinteraktionenTorsades de pointes associated with drugs and toxins: Recognition and managementCalcium channel blockers that prolong the QT intervalAnti-anginal and betaadrenoceptor blocking drugsNifedipine and Torsades de PointesHOWARD A. GRAYSON, JOSEPH D. KENNEDYTorsade de Pointes and NifedipineDENNIS M. KRIKLER, M.D., EDWARD ROWLAND, M.D. 1 July 1982Volume 97, Issue 1Page: 144-144KeywordsArrhythmiaAtrial fibrillationDiabetes mellitusHeart failurePatientsUnstable anginaVasodilators Issue Published: 1 July 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Skeletal muscle and jejunal protein synthesis in normal and ethanol-treated rats: The effect of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, L-ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine in vivo
Authors: Rajkumar Rajendram, Jaspaul S. Marway, David Mantle, Timothy J Peters, Victor R. Preedy
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
The Surgical Section.
Authors: M. M. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Hartford, Conn., Feb. 9, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Will you kindly give me the name and address of the Secretary of the Surgical Section of theAmerican Medical Association? Yours truly, <h3>Answer:</h3> —Joseph Ransohoff, M.D., 296 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, is Chairman, and Reginald H. Sayre, M.D., 285 Fifth Avenue, New York City, is Secretary. We have printed these names each week since the San Francisco meeting.
Managing biliary atresia.
Authors: R. Nelson
Journal: BMJ (1989)

assertion that sunlight is important in causing cataract, sunlight is likely to be one of the many causative factors."IBut at a time when there is ample evidence to suggest thinning of the protective ozone layer in the outer atmosphere24 it makes sense to advise patients to minimise their exposure to ultraviolet radiation to protect not only the lens but also the retina and the skin.25
HIV Transmission, Lab Technicians, and Open-Toed Shoes
Authors: Elizabeth M. Dax
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We have noticed a practice among our technicians that may be a source of human immunodeficiency virus inoculation. Technicians have reported for work wearing open-toed shoes. Most laboratories have hard floors and there is potential for a dropped glass tube to shatter and possibly cut an exposed toe. Thus, to the Centers for Disease Control recommendations for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in health care settings<sup>1</sup>we have added the recommendation that no open-toed shoes be worn in the serology laboratory; this is a recommendation that we have not previously identified in print.
Canada bans blood donations from people with history of chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: B. Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Canada’s national blood service has announced that from next month it will ban blood donations from people with a medical history of chronic fatigue syndrome, as a precautionary measure. It is the first country in the world to do so. 

“Canadian Blood Services takes the safety of the blood supply very seriously,” said Dana Devine, the agency’s vice president of medical, scientific, and research affairs. “Until recently Canadian Blood Services has accepted blood donations from donors who report a history of [chronic fatigue syndrome] but are now well. Donors who are not well may not donate blood.”

Dr Devine cited a report published in Science …
Regulation of Aβ pathology by beclin 1: a protective role for autophagy?
Authors: Jin-A Lee, Fen-Biao Gao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

The amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is thought to be a major culprit in Alzheimer disease (AD), and its production and degradation have been intensely investigated. Nevertheless, it remains largely unknown how Aβ pathology is modulated by the autophagy pathway. The study by Pickford and colleagues in this issue of the JCI shows that beclin 1, a multifunctional protein that also plays an important role in the autophagy pathway, affects some aspects of Aβ pathology in aged but not young transgenic mice expressing amyloid precursor protein (APP) (see the related article beginning on page 2190). These findings further support the notion that modulation of autophagy, in this case through beclin 1, may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for AD.
Chronic Overdrive Pacing in the Control of Refractory Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: ROBERT A. JOHNSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Eleven patients with recurrent ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation that was refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs were treated with long-term, overdrive atrial or ventricular pacing. Pacing rates ranged from 70 to 110 impulses per minute. In eight patients chronic pacing was successful and prevented recurrent ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation for periods of 6 to 46 months. In the other three patients chronic pacing was unsuccessful; they died within 5 weeks—two of recurrent ventricular tachycardia and one suddenly of unknown cause. Overdrive suppression was successful in all four patients with prepacing heart rates of 40 to 60 and in four of the seven patients with prepacing heart rates of 70 to 95. Long-term overdrive suppression of refractory ventricular arrhythmias is frequently successful, especially where prevailing heart rates are slow. It is also successful in a substantial number of patients with normal heart rates.
882-3 Effects of pravastatin on lipoproteins and endothelial function in patients receiving human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors
Authors: James H Stein, Michelle A Merwood, Jennifer L Bellehumeur, Susan E Aeschlimann, Claudia E Korcarz, Gail L Underbakke, Maureen E Mays, James M Sosman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Time course of the antiproteinuric and antihypertensive effects of direct renin inhibition in type 2 diabetes
Authors: F. Persson, P. Rossing, K.J. Schjoedt, T. Juhl, L. Tarnow, C.D.A. Stehouwer, C. Schalkwijk, F. Boomsma, E. Frandsen, H.-H. Parving
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Exposure of rural and urban populations in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, to fumonisin B(1) in maize.
Authors: P K Chelule, N Gqaleni, M F Dutton, A A Chuturgoon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We surveyed households in rural and urban areas of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, to assess the exposure of the inhabitants to fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides. In southern African regions maize, used as a staple food by the population, is prone to F. verticillioides infection. Furthermore, high levels of FB(1) in maize have been associated with esophageal cancer in South Africa. We assessed exposure of the population to FB(1) at three levels, namely, by analyzing stored maize, plate-ready food, and feces. The positions of participating households in the rural area were recorded using geographic information systems (GIS) for ease and accuracy of follow-up. Of the 50 rural maize samples examined, 32% had levels of FB(1) ranging from 0.1-22.2 mg/kg, whereas 29% of the 28 cooked maize (phutu) samples contained FB(1) ranging from 0.1-0.4 mg/kg. The incidence and levels of FB(1) in feces were 33% and 0.5-39.0 mg/kg, respectively. Of the 49 urban maize samples analyzed 6.1% had a range of 0.2-0.5 mg/kg FB(1), whereas 3 of 44 fecal samples (6%) ranged between 0.6 and 16.2 mg/kg. No FB(1) was detected in urban phutu samples. Because these levels are lower than those published from regions in South Africa with high incidence of esophageal cancer, it may be concluded that the risk of esophageal cancer from FB(1) exposure is lower in the KwaZulu Natal region.
Memory T Cell RNA Rearrangement Programmed by Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein hnRNPLL
Authors: Zuopeng Wu, Xinying Jia, Laura de la Cruz, Xun-Cheng Su, Bruz Marzolf, Pamela Troisch, Daniel Zak, Adam Hamilton, Belinda Whittle, Di Yu, Daniel Sheahan, Edward Bertram, Alan Aderem, Gottfried Otting, Christopher C. Goodnow, Gerard F. Hoyne
Journal: Immunity (2008)