tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5331: The effect of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) on prostate cancer cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis
Authors: Eric Voll, Irene Ogden, XiaoKe Huang, Raymond Bergan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer among American men, and the second leading cause of all cancer-related deaths. PCa death is caused by the process of metastasis. In order to metastasize, tumor cells must acquire a series of phenotypic alterations, collectively known as the metastatic cascade. We have demonstrated that the small heat-shock protein, HSP27, affects key early steps of the metastatic cascade, and therefore may be a regulator of human PCa metastasis. HSP27 protein expression increases during PCa progression. It is phosphorylated in response to signaling from transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which in turn increases matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and cell invasion in vitro. We now demonstrate that HSP27 does not affect human PCa cell adhesion, cell detachment or cell migration, all of which contribute to the composite function of cell invasion. We went on to show that proteolysis by MMPs is necessary for HSP27-driven cell invasion by demonstrating that it was abrogated Marimastat, a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor. By orthotopically implanting HSP27 variant human PCa cell lines, we demonstrated that HSP27 increases metastasis in a murine model. We also found that HSP27 increased tumor size. HSP27 increases human PCa metastasis and tumor growth in vivo. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the poor prognosis associated with increased HSP27 expression in human prostate tissue. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5331. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5331
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulate proliferation and type I collagen accumulation by human hepatic stellate cells: Differential effects on signal transduction pathways
Authors: Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni, Francesco Ridolfi, Antonio Di Sario, Alessandro Casini, Luca Marucci, Giorgio Gaggiotti, Paolo Orlandoni, Giampiero Macarri, Lucia Perego, Antonio Benedetti, Franco Folli
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Insulin and insulin–like growth factor (IGF–1) are mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. IGF–1 increases in inflamed and fibrotic tissues and induces proliferation of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC). This study evaluates the potential roles of these hormones in the development of liver fibrosis. Insulin and IGF–1 receptor expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in both cultured human HSC and human liver tissue. Phosphorylation of both 70–kd S6 kinase and extracellular–regulated kinase (ERK), cell proliferation, type I collagen gene expression, and accumulation in HSC culture media were evaluated by Western blot, immunohistochemistry for bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), Northern blot, and enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Insulin and IGF–1 receptors were detected in HSC in vitro and in liver sections from patients with chronic active hepatitis. Insulin and IGF–1 induced 70–kd S6 kinase phosphorylation in HSC, whereas IGF–1 only induced ERK phosphorylation. Insulin and IGF–1 stimulated HSC proliferation in a dose–dependent fashion, with IGF–1 being four to five times more potent than insulin. Cell exposure to specific inhibitors showed that both phosphatidylinositol 3–kinase (PI3–K) and ERK are involved in IGF–1-induced mitogenesis, whereas insulin stimulated mitogenesis through a PI3–K-dependent ERK–independent pathway. IGF–1 increased type I collagen gene expression and accumulation in HSC culture media through a PI3–K- and ERK–dependent mechanism. In conclusion, insulin and IGF–1, which stimulate HSC mitogenesis and collagen synthesis, may act in concert to promote liver fibrosis in vivo by a differential activation of PI3–K- and ERK1–dependent pathways.
Cardiac responses to head up tilt during early extrauterine life: relevance of active acquisition of erect posture
Authors: F. MAGRINI, N. ROBERTS, G. BRANZI, C. MONDADORI, P. REGGIANI, R. MEAZZA, M. CIULLA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

Journal Article Cardiac responses to head up tilt during early extrauterine life: relevance of active acquisition of erect posture Get access FABIO MAGRINI, FABIO MAGRINI From the Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano; and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy Address for correspondence and reprints: Professor Fabio Magrini, Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Via F Sforza 35 - 20122 Milano, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar NERYS ROBERTS, NERYS ROBERTS From the Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano; and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GIOVANNA BRANZI, GIOVANNA BRANZI From the Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano; and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CRISTINA MONDADORI, CRISTINA MONDADORI From the Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano; and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PAOLO REGGIANI, PAOLO REGGIANI From the Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano; and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ROBERTO MEAZZA, ROBERTO MEAZZA From the Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano; and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHELE CIULLA MICHELE CIULLA From the Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università di Milano; and Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 23, Issue 5, May 1989, Pages 460–464, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/23.5.460 Published: 01 May 1989 Article history Accepted: 30 November 1988 Published: 01 May 1989
Government tells hospitals to tighten up cleaning contracts
Authors: Ann McGauran
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The UK government has launched new guidance to help ensure that hospitals in England have clear and binding contracts to deliver high standards of cleaning. It has taken this step to ensure that the incidence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other infections is reduced.

Health minister Lord Warner announced that the new guidance gives “best practice” advice on evaluating and awarding contracts so that quality as …
Sinusoidal endothelium is essential for liver regeneration
Authors: Jennifer Gamble, Mathew Vadas, Geoffrey McCaughan
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

During embryogenesis, endothelial cells induce organogenesis before the development of circulation. These findings suggest that endothelial cells not only form passive conduits to deliver nutrients and oxygen, but also establish an instructive vascular niche, which through elaboration of paracrine trophogens stimulates organ regeneration, in a manner similar to endothelial-cell-derived angiocrine factors that support haematopoiesis. However, the precise mechanism by which tissue-specific subsets of endothelial cells promote organogenesis in adults is unknown. Here we demonstrate that liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) constitute a unique population of phenotypically and functionally defined VEGFR3(+)CD34(−) VEGFR2(+)VE-cadherin(+)FactorVIII(+)CD45(−) endothelial cells, which through the release of angiocrine trophogens initiate and sustain liver regeneration induced by 70% partial hepatectomy. After partial hepatectomy, residual liver vasculature remains intact without experiencing hypoxia or structural damage, which allows study of physiological liver regeneration. Using this model, we show that inducible genetic ablation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A receptor-2 (VEGFR2) in the LSECs impairs the initial burst of hepatocyte proliferation (days 1-3 after partial hepatectomy) and subsequent reconstitution of the hepatovascular mass (days 4-8 after partial hepatectomy) by inhibiting upregulation of the endothelial-cell-specific transcription factor Id1. Accordingly, Id1-deficient mice also manifest defects throughout liver regeneration, owing to diminished expression of LSEC-derived angiocrine factors, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and Wnt2. Notably, in in vitro co-cultures, VEGFR2-Id1 activation in LSECs stimulates hepatocyte proliferation. Indeed, intrasplenic transplantation of Id1(+/+) or Id1(−/−) LSECs transduced with Wnt2 and HGF (Id1(−/−)Wnt2(+)HGF(+) LSECs) re-establishes an inductive vascular niche in the liver sinusoids of the Id1(−/−) mice, initiating and restoring hepatovascular regeneration. Therefore, in the early phases of physiological liver regeneration, VEGFR2-Id1-mediated inductive angiogenesis in LSECs through release of angiocrine factors Wnt2 and HGF provokes hepatic proliferation. Subsequently, VEGFR2-Id1-dependent proliferative angiogenesis reconstitutes liver mass. Therapeutic co-transplantation of inductive VEGFR2(+) Id1(+)Wnt2(+)HGF(+) LSECs with hepatocytes provides an effective strategy to achieve durable liver regeneration.
Plasmodium vivax Invasion of Human Erythrocytes Inhibited by Antibodies Directed against the Duffy Binding Protein
Authors: Brian T Grimberg, Rachanee Udomsangpetch, Jia Xainli, Amy McHenry, Tasanee Panichakul, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Liwang Cui, Moses Bockarie, Chetan Chitnis, John Adams, Peter A Zimmerman, Christopher L King
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

Background Plasmodium vivax invasion requires interaction between the human Duffy antigen on the surface of erythrocytes and the P. vivax Duffy binding protein (PvDBP) expressed by the parasite. Given that Duffy-negative individuals are resistant and that Duffy-negative heterozygotes show reduced susceptibility to blood-stage infection, we hypothesized that antibodies directed against region two of P. vivax Duffy binding protein (PvDBPII) would inhibit P. vivax invasion of human erythrocytes. Methods and Findings Using a recombinant region two of the P. vivax Duffy binding protein (rPvDBPII), polyclonal antibodies were generated from immunized rabbits and affinity purified from the pooled sera of 14 P. vivax–exposed Papua New Guineans. It was determined by ELISA and by flow cytometry, respectively, that both rabbit and human antibodies inhibited binding of rPvDBPII to the Duffy antigen N-terminal region and to Duffy-positive human erythrocytes. Additionally, using immunofluorescent microscopy, the antibodies were shown to attach to native PvDBP on the apical end of the P. vivax merozoite. In vitro invasion assays, using blood isolates from individuals in the Mae Sot district of Thailand, showed that addition of rabbit anti-PvDBPII Ab or serum (antibodies against, or serum containing antibodies against, region two of the Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein) (1:100) reduced the number of parasite invasions by up to 64%, while pooled PvDBPII antisera from P. vivax–exposed people reduced P. vivax invasion by up to 54%. Conclusions These results show, for what we believe to be the first time, that both rabbit and human antibodies directed against PvDBPII reduce invasion efficiency of wild P. vivax isolated from infected patients, and suggest that a PvDBP-based vaccine may reduce human blood-stage P. vivax infection.
Acupuncture: safety first
Authors: E Ernst, A White
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Acupuncture has been used for more than 3000 years, and many proponents claim that this fact sufficiently demonstrates its safety. Yet evidence of serious, potentially life threatening complications does exist.

The use of non-sterile needles may cause infections. One overview identified 126 documented cases of hepatitis associated with acupuncture.1 HIV infections may also be a problem. Three such cases have been reported, although a causal relation has not been established beyond reasonable doubt.2 3 Several other potentially lethal infections have been reported. One patient contracted a subacute bacterial endocarditis due to infection with Propionibacterium acnes apparently via ear acupuncture.4 Similar cases of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5 …
Elimination of Inhibitory Synapses Is a Major Component of Adult Ocular Dominance Plasticity
Authors: Daniëlle van Versendaal, Rajeev Rajendran, M. Hadi Saiepour, Jan Klooster, Laura Smit-Rigter, Jean-Pierre Sommeijer, Chris I. De Zeeuw, Sonja B. Hofer, J. Alexander Heimel, Christiaan N. Levelt
Journal: Neuron (2012)
DO RISK FACTORS DIFFER FOR CONCUSSION AND PROLONGED RECOVERY FOLLOWING CONCUSSION IN ELITE YOUTH ICE HOCKEY PLAYERS?
Authors: T Blake, WH Meeuwisse, N Lemke, K Schneider, K Taylor, j Kang, CA Emery
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Pediatric concussion risk factor identification will facilitate targeted injury prevention strategy development. Objective To examine risk factors for concussion and prolonged recovery amongst elite youth ice hockey players. Design Cohort study. Setting Community ice rinks and sport medicine clinic (2011/12 season). Participants Male and female elite Bantam (13–14 years) and Midget (15-17 years) ice hockey players (n=780). Assessment of risk factors Baseline age group, sex, previous concussion history and SCAT2 component scores [Total Symptom Score (TSS), Balance Error Score (BES) and Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) score] were evaluated. Main outcome measurements Players with a suspected concussion were referred to a sport medicine physician by team therapists/trainers (n=137). Concussions with time loss of &gt;10 days were defined as prolonged recovery. Results Concussion incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated using multivariate (concussion) and univariate (prolonged recovery) Poisson regression analyses (cluster and exposure hours adjusted). Males were at greater risk than females [IRR=1.44 (95% CI: 1.09–1.90)]. In females with no concussion history, Bantam players were at greater risk than Midget players [IRR=4.04 (95% CI: 1.24–13.19)]. In Midget players, those with a history of concussion were at greater risk than those with no concussion history [IRR=2.68 (95% CI: 1.61–4.46)]. Players with baseline TSS in the lowest 25 th %ile were at greater risk of concussion [IRR=1.50 (95% CI: 1.03–2.18)] and prolonged recovery [IRR=1.88 (95% CI: 1.18–2.99)]. Players with a history of concussion were at increased risk for prolonged recovery [IRR=2.02 (95% CI: 1.29–3.16)]. SAC and BES were not risk factors. Conclusions Age group, sex, previous concussion history, and baseline symptom reporting affected the risk of concussion and prolonged recovery in elite youth ice hockey players. This study will inform the development of youth sport concussion prevention strategies.
US hospitals to ask patients for right to sell their tissue
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Several academic hospitals in the United States are forming partnerships with biotechnology companies to provide them with human tissue for research, treatment, and drug development purposes, in a series of arrangements which raise wide legal and ethical issues.

Harvard University's Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston and the Duke University Medical Center in North Carolina are among the latest academic hospitals to join such ventures.

Both of these institutions have entered into agreements with Ardais, a genomics startup company, which …
The Future of Surgical Endoscopy
Authors: R. Liu, B. Chand, J. Ponsky
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Endoscopy was initially introduced as a diagnostic tool. Improvements have now made it an indispensable, multifaceted instrument for diagnosis, therapy, and innovation. The progression of endoscopy has been paralleled by the rapid growth of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). MIS is now the standard of surgical care for many disease processes. However, recent advances in MIS have been evolutionary rather than revolutionary, due to several limitations. Laparoscopy requires abdominal incisions for instrument access and specimen removal. General anesthesia is required for all but the most minimal procedures. The instruments used are rigid and usually serve only a single function. A marriage between endoscopy and MIS may overcome these limitations. This review will highlight some current applications, ongoing investigations, and areas for potential progress.
S58 Beta-Catenin determines tracheal cell fate and squamous lung cancer progression by modulating intercellular adhesiveness
Authors: A. Giangreco, L. Lu, C. Vickers, E. Ilieva, K. Groot, J. George, A. Nicholson, E. Sage, F. Watt, S. Janes
Journal: Thorax (2011)

Human lung cancers including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are a leading cause of death, and while evidence suggests that basal stem cells drive SCC initiation and progression, the mechanisms regulating these processes remain unknown. In this study we show that β-catenin signalling regulates basal stem cell fate and subsequent SCC progression. In a cohort of preinvasive SCCs we established that elevated basal stem cell β-catenin signalling is positively associated with increased disease severity, epithelial proliferation, and reduced intercellular adhesiveness. We demonstrate that transgene-mediated β-catenin inhibition within keratin 14-expressing basal stem cells delayed normal airway repair while basal cell-specific β-catenin activation increased cell proliferation, directed differentiation, and promoted an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that included increased Snail transcription and reduced E-cadherin-mediated adhesiveness. These effects were recapitulated in normal human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro following both pharmacological β-catenin activation and E-cadherin inhibition, and mirrored our findings in preinvasive SCCs. Overall this data shows that airway stem cell β-catenin modulates cell adhesiveness to determine cell fate and its mis-expression is a key step in the development of human lung cancer.
Vaccination in Whooping-Cough
Authors: T. Purcell
Journal: BMJ (1891)

Pleural effusion is often a manifestation of the superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. However, pleural effusion has never been reported to be a cause of the SVC syndrome. We report the case of a 68 yr old male patient who presented with SVC syndrome and respiratory failure, both attributable to an encapsulated pleural effusion over the right upper mediastinum. Simple drainage was performed as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. The pleural effusion was confirmed to be a tuberculous empyema. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan is the most appropriate initial diagnostic procedure for superior vena cava syndrome.
Concentration and size of asbestos in water supplies.
Authors: J R Millette, P J Clark, M F Pansing, J D Twyman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

A review of the results of over 1500 asbestos analyses from U.S. water supplies suggests that the majority of water consumers are not exposed to asbestos concentrations in their drinking water over 1 x 10(6) fibers per liter. There are, however, some populations that are exposed to waterborne asbestos concentrations over 10 x 10(6) fibers per liter caused by natural erosion, mine processing wastes, waste pile erosion, corrosion of asbestos cement pipe, or disintegration of asbestos tile roofs running into cisterns. The distribution of fiber sizes in the water is dependent on the source of the fibers. The average length of chrysotile fibers found in an asbestos cement distribution system was 4 micrometers, while the average fiber length of chrysotile fibers contributed to a water supply by natural erosion was 1 micrometer.
Human monocyte-derived soluble product(s) has an accessory function in the generation of histamine- and concanavalin A-induced suppressor T cells.
Authors: D J Beer, C A Dinarello, L J Rosenwasser, R E Rocklin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

We have analyzed the cellular interactions required for the generation of histamine- and concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressor T cells by employing a co-culture assay and techniques for fractionation of human blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC cultured in the presence of histamine (0.1 mM-1 mM) or Con A (20 micrograms/ml) for 24 h, mitomycin treated and subsequently combined with autologous mitogen-stimulated mononuclear cells, significantly suppressed a subsequent blastogenic response. PBMC fractionated over nylon wool columns and depleted of adherent cells and enriched for T cells (NWNA-T) were unable to generate suppressor activity. However, suppressor cell function by NWNA-T cells was reconstituted by the addition of autologous monocytes. In both the histamine and ConA suppressor systems, the requirement for monocytes in the activation process was enhanced by suspending the NWNA-T population in supernatants derived from allogeneic monocytes stimulated with heat-killed Staphylococcus albus. These crude supernatants contained leukocytic pyrogen (LP) and lymphocyte activating factor (LAF). Sequential purification and separation of the crude supernatants using gel-filtration, immunoadsorption, and isoelectric focusing demonstrated that only those fractions containing LP and LAF were capable to reconstituting NWNA-T cell histamine and Con A-induced suppressor activity. Thus, these studies suggest that the accessory role of supernatants derived from activated monocytes in the generation of suppressor cells may be mediated by LP/LAF. Further studies are in progress to explore the mechanism by which soluble factors stimulate suppressor T cells.
RAG-1 and ATM coordinate monoallelic recombination and nuclear positioning of immunoglobulin loci
Authors: Susannah L Hewitt, Bu Yin, Yanhong Ji, Julie Chaumeil, Katarzyna Marszalek, Jeannette Tenthorey, Giorgia Salvagiotto, Natalie Steinel, Laura B Ramsey, Jacques Ghysdael, Michael A Farrar, Barry P Sleckman, David G Schatz, Meinrad Busslinger, Craig H Bassing, Jane A Skok
Journal: Nature Immunology (2009)
QUANTITATION OF REGIONAL ASYNERGY BY PHASE ANALYSIS OF EXERCISE RADIONUCLIDE LEFT VENTRICULOGRAPHY
Authors: Kenneth H. Gerber, Robert A. Slutsky, William L. Ashburn, Charles B. Higgins
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Gerber, Kenneth H.; Slutsky, Robert A.; Ashburn, William L.; Higgins, Charles B. Author Information
Reply to Dr Sofikerim et al.’s Letter to the Editor re: C. Schwentner, J. Oswald, A. Lunacek, M. Deibl, I. Koerner, G. Bartsch and C. Radmayr. Lich-Gregoir Reimplantation Causes Less Discomfort Than Politano-Leadbetter Technique: Results of a Prospective, Randomized, Pain Scale-Oriented Study in as Pediatric Population. Eur Urol 2006;49:388-95
Authors: C. Schwentner, C. Radmayr
Journal: European Urology (2006)
The Value of Cholangiograms during Biliary-Tract Surgery
Authors: Donald Hight, James R. Lingley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

AN ACCURATE examination of the common duct should be a part of every operation on the extrahepatic biliary tract, except in the few cases in which the surgeon can be certain that the disease is limited to the gall bladder or in which the operative procedure must be minimal because of the poor condition of the patient. The history, physical findings and preoperative laboratory data may give valuable information concerning the patency of the ampulla or common duct, but frequently this information is neither complete nor infallible. The difficulty in detecting the presence of small stones in the common duct . . .