tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery or Lifestyle With Intensive Medical Management in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Florencia Halperin, Su-Ann Ding, Donald C. Simonson, Jennifer Panosian, Ann Goebel-Fabbri, Marlene Wewalka, Osama Hamdy, Martin Abrahamson, Kerri Clancy, Kathleen Foster, David Lautz, Ashley Vernon, Allison B. Goldfine
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Emerging data support bariatric surgery as a therapeutic strategy for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.To test the feasibility of methods to conduct a larger multisite trial to determine the long-term effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery compared with an intensive diabetes medical and weight management (Weight Achievement and Intensive Treatment [Why WAIT]) program for type 2 diabetes.A 1-year pragmatic randomized clinical trial was conducted in an academic medical institution. Participants included persons aged 21 to 65 years with type 2 diabetes diagnosed more than 1 year before the study; their body mass index was 30 to 42 (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was greater than or equal to 6.5%. All participants were receiving antihyperglycemic medications.RYGB (n = 19) or Why WAIT (n = 19) including 12 weekly multidisciplinary group lifestyle, medical, and educational sessions with monthly follow-up thereafter.Proportion of patients with fasting plasma glucose levels less than 126 mg/dL and HbA1c less than 6.5%, measures of cardiometabolic health, and patient-reported outcomes.At 1 year, the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c below 6.5% and fasting glucose below 126 mg/dL was higher following RYGB than Why WAIT (58% vs 16%, respectively; P = .03). Other outcomes, including HbA1c, weight, waist circumference, fat mass, lean mass, blood pressure, and triglyceride levels, decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased more after RYGB compared with Why WAIT. Improvement in cardiovascular risk scores was greater in the surgical group. At baseline the participants exhibited moderately low self-reported quality-of-life scores reflected by Short Form-36 total, physical health, and mental health, as well as high Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite and Problem Areas in Diabetes health status scores. At 1 year, improvements in Short Form-36 physical and mental health scores and Problem Areas in Diabetes scores did not differ significantly between groups. The Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite score improved more with RYGB and correlated with greater weight loss compared with Why WAIT.In obese patients with type 2 diabetes, RYGB produces greater weight loss and sustained improvements in HbA1c and cardiometabolic risk factors compared with medical management, with emergent differences over 1 year. Both treatments improve general quality-of-life measures, but RYGB provides greater improvement in the effect of weight on quality of life. These differences may help inform therapeutic decisions for diabetes and weight loss strategies in obese patients with type 2 diabetes until larger randomized trials are performed.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01073020.
Moving house on medical grounds improves health
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Moving house can be healthy, says research showing that rehousing council tenants on medical grounds improves their health.

Researchers from the University of Teesside found a reduction in the prevalence of mental health problems, a drop in the number of prescriptions, and less frequent use of health services.

The researchers say that, although more than nine out of 10 local housing …
A Gut Feeling
Authors: Jessica Haberer, Neil N. Trivedi, Jeffrey Kohlwes, Lawrence Tierney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

A 79-year-old man reports an 18-kg weight loss over the previous six months. Seven months before admission, his house burned down and insomnia and anorexia developed. One month before admission, he began having diffuse abdominal pain that a proton-pump inhibitor did not improve.
The Identification of Pneumoconiosis From Hospital Discharge Data
Authors: Stefan S. Winkler
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The use of hospital discharge summaries by Valiente and Rosenman<sup>1</sup>to identify cases of silicosis recalls a preliminary study we carried out in 1987. In that study, Mr D. S. Winkler wanted to determine the usefulness of hospital discharge diagnoses as a tool to find cases of pneumoconiosis. The yield was 29 cases for the previous 5 years for the William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital and 40 cases for a 10-year period at the University of Wisconsin Hospitals, Madison. This seemed to be less than the expected incidence to Dr S. S. Winkler, who reads many of the chest roentgenograms at the Veterans Administration hospital. During a 3-month period (March 12, 1987, through June 12, 1987), all patients at the Veterans Administration hospital with chest roentgenograms that were suggestive of pneumoconiosis were listed in a notebook kept in the roentgenogram reading room. Confirmation was
Early Prediction of Infarct Size by Strain Doppler Echocardiography After Coronary Reperfusion
Authors: Trond Vartdal, Harald Brunvand, Eirik Pettersen, Hans-Jørgen Smith, Erik Lyseggen, Thomas Helle-Valle, Helge Skulstad, Halfdan Ihlen, Thor Edvardsen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
James Paton Orr Erskine
Authors: Alex Clark, David Erskine
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Psychiatrist and pioneer of the death-and-dying movementIn her groundbreaking bestseller On Death and Dying, Elisabeth Kübler-Ross overturned how physicians treat dying patients.When the book was published in 1969, death was a taboo subject and discussing it was considered morbid.Patients died alone in hospitals; physicians ignored them; and adequate pain medication was underused.The book brought these practices to the fore-and pressed for more humane treatment of the dying.The book rocked the medical profession-and at the same time also resulted in a public outcry for compassionate care of the dying.On Death and Dying is a classic work and is still in print around the world today.Kübler-Ross's work stemmed from the realisation that in her native Switzerland, death, like birth, was considered a normal part of the life cycle.In Switzerland people died at home surrounded by family and friends-and they were comfortable until the end of their lives.In contrast in the United States and other countries that placed a premium on high tech medicine, patients lay by the wayside.It was a practice she deplored.A hallmark of Kübler-Ross's work was her emphasis on communication.She stressed that patients truly wanted to review their lives, their deterioration, and imminent death.When patients and doctors could talk openly-and without fear-a good death could be achieved.In 1967 Kübler-Ross began interviewing dying patients at the University of Chicago's Billings Hospital, where she was a psychiatrist.She hoped to learn what patients were thinking as they lay dying.From her first hand research, she derived the famous five stage framework: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance-or, as she called it, "one common denominator" of death and dying.The model outlined how patients with terminal illness grappled with their diagnosis, and their emotions along the way, right through to acceptance of their impending death.She appealed to the medical community to use it.Collin Murray Parkes, consultant psychiatrist at St Christopher's Hospice in London, credits Kübler-Ross's five stage framework and its high visibility as a driving force in stimulating research and changing
Ragweed Allergy Immunotherapy Tablet Reduces Nasal and Ocular Symptoms of Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis Over the Peak Ragweed Pollen Season in North America
Authors: G. Berman, H. Nolte, J. Maloney, P. Creticos, A. Cheema, A. Kaur, J. Hebert
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
A regulatory polymorphism in PDCD1 is associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in humans
Authors: Ludmila Prokunina, Casimiro Castillejo-López, Fredrik Öberg, Iva Gunnarsson, Louise Berg, Veronica Magnusson, Anthony J. Brookes, Dmitry Tentler, Helga Kristjansdóttir, Gerdur Gröndal, Anne Isine Bolstad, Elisabet Svenungsson, Ingrid Lundberg, Gunnar Sturfelt, Andreas Jönssen, Lennart Truedsson, Guadalupe Lima, Jorge Alcocer-Varela, Roland Jonsson, Ulf B. Gyllensten, John B. Harley, Donato Alarcón-Segovia, Kristján Steinsson, Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
O17 IMPACT OF ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY ON UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING (UGI) IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS. RESULTS FROM A RETROSPECTIVE MULTICENTRIC CASE–CONTROL STUDY
Authors: F. Cerini, J. Martínez Gonzalez, Á. Puente, M. Casas, C. Vinaixa, M. Berenguer, C. Villanueva, S. Augustin, E. Llop, R. Bañares, A. Albillos, J. Bosch, V. Hernández-Gea, J.C. Garcia-Pagan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
The Randomized Controlled Trial Gets a Middle-aged Checkup
Authors: Alejandro R. Jadad
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and osteogenesis in vivo by microenvironmental modification of titanium alloy surfaces
Authors: Yan Hu, Kaiyong Cai, Zhong Luo, Yuan Zhang, Liqi Li, Min Lai, Yanhua Hou, Yuran Huang, Jinghua Li, Xingwei Ding, Bin Zhang, K.L. Paul Sung
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Ethical Problems in Organ Transplantation
Authors: THOMAS E. STARZL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

Article1 September 1967Ethical Problems in Organ TransplantationA Clinician's Point of ViewTHOMAS E. STARZL, PH.D., M.D.THOMAS E. STARZL, PH.D., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-67-3-32 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt could be concluded from the existence of this colloquium and from others like it in the recent past that there is a tide of dissatisfaction against the way in which medicine has developed in the twentieth century. Articulate critics can be found, both within and outside the profession, who find fault with the rapidity, or alternatively the sluggishness, with which new knowledge of potential therapeutic values has been applied. Still others have deplored the way in which the transition has been made from animal experimentation to human trial. It has been suggested that an immutable philosophical, moral, and ethical...References1. WOLSTENHOLMEO'CONNOR GEM (editors): Ethics in Medical Progress. Ciba Foundation Symposium. J. & A. Churchill Ltd., London, 1966. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHave we reached the limits in altruistic kidney donation?Ethicists’ Opinions Regarding the Permissibility of Face TransplantOn harm thresholds and living organ donation: must the living donor benefit, on balance, from his donation?How (not) to think of the ‘dead-donor’ rulePhage–Ethics: A Lacanian Reading of Sinclair Lewis’s ArrowsmithThe history of trying to fix liver allocation: why a consensus approach will never workEthical Expertise in PolicyEthics and liver transplantation: A new section in our journalAge, Gender, Race, and Associations With Kidney Failure Following Living Kidney DonationHEPATIC RETRANSPLANTATION-AN ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OUTCOME1Principles of Intensive CareSanctity of LifeBehavior in ex-addict female prisoners participating in a research study 1 September 1967Volume 67, Issue 3_Part_2Page: 32-36KeywordsOrgan transplantation ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
βKlotho: A new kid on the bile acid biosynthesis block
Authors: Marco Arrese, Juan F. Miquel, Meenakshisundaram Ananthanarayanan, Harmut Jaeschke, Kevin Mullen, Darius Moradpour
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

We have generated a line of mutant mouse that lacks βKlotho, a protein that structurally resembles Klotho. The synthesis and excretion of bile acids were found to be dramatically elevated in these mutants, and the expression of 2 key bile acid synthase genes, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) and sterol 12α-hydroxylase (Cyp8b1), was strongly upregulated. Nuclear receptor pathways and the enterohepatic circulation, which regulates bile acid synthesis, seemed to be largely intact; however, bile acid–dependent induction of the small heterodimer partner (SHP) NR0B2, a common negative regulator of Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1, was significantly attenuated. The expression of Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1 is known to be repressed by dietary bile acids via both SHP-dependent and -independent regulations. Interestingly, the suppression of Cyp7a1 expression by dietary bile acids was impaired, whereas that of Cyp8b1 expression was not substantially altered in βklotho−/− mice. Therefore, βKlotho may stand as a novel contributor to Cyp7a1-selective regulation. Additionally, βKlotho-knockout mice exhibit resistance to gallstone formation, which suggests the potential future clinical relevance of the βKlotho system.
PTH-014 Two Week Wait Symptoms are Prevalent in Bowel Cancer Screening Patients with a Positive Faecal Occult Blood Test but do not Predict Cancer
Authors: P G Vaughan-Shaw, J Cutting, N R Borley, J M Wheeler
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Studies have reported a high prevalence of lower gastrointestinal (LGI) symptoms in bowel cancer screening (BCSP) patients. However, symptoms are often vague and without characterisation their significance is unclear. This study investigates the prevalence and characteristics of lower gastrointestinal symptoms in screening patients and aims to determine the relevance of two week wait (2ww) symptoms in this cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective cohort study was performed. BCSP patients presenting for colonoscopy over a 7-month period were included. Data on symptom prevalence, frequency and duration was collected and assessed against 2-week wait criteria. Associations between symptom prevalence and outcome were investigated using the two-tailed χ<sup>2</sup> test. <h3>Results</h3> Symptom and outcome data was collected in 397 patients. LGI symptoms were reported by 282 (71%) patients and 37 patients (9%) were found to have colorectal cancer (CRC). Symptom prevalence was comparable between those with or without CRC (65% <i>vs.</i>72%, p = 0.473). Meanwhile, 2ww symptoms were reported in 148 (37%) of all patients. 2ww symptom prevalence was comparable in those with and without cancer (38% <i>vs.</i> 39%, p = 0.915). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates that while 2ww symptoms are highly prevalent in a FOB positive cohort, they do not predict a finding of colorectal cancer. These findings suggest that 2ww symptoms could not be used to prioritise investigation in this cohort while in those patients referred with 2ww symptoms, additional FOB testing would offer little predictive utility. Further efforts to increase public awareness of cancer symptoms are required, whilst false reassurance from a negative result should be discouraged. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Notes from Lectures on the Practice of Medicine
Authors: C. Murchison
Journal: BMJ (1866)

GENTLEMEN,-The recent appearance in this country of yellow fever, which, under ordinary circum- stances, is restricted to certain parts of the tropics, and particularly to South America, the West Indies, and the West Coast of Africa, has invested it for the time with unusual interest to English practi- tioners of medicine.Yellow fever, which has also been designated
Independent History-Taking
Authors: JOHN C. MUELLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1981Independent History-TakingJOHN C. MUELLER, M.D.JOHN C. MUELLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-5-652_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Although I am pleased with the renewed interest in research in medical education, as reflected by the recent editorial by Platt (1) and the letter by Hooper and associates (2), I am distressed by the order of the guidelines published by Hooper and associates.In the last 15 years I have been impressed by how often medical mysteries and referral diagnostic problems are solved by simply taking a "complete history" in ignorance of the referring clinician's diagnosis. Similarly, I have been impressed by how often clinicians do not solve these problems and mysteries when a perfunctory history...References1. PLATT F. Research in medical interviewing. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:405-7. Editorial. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HOOPERHOOPERSTEHR PED. Guidelines for interviewing. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:238. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN C. MUELLER, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBicyclic 6-6 Systems: Other Four Heteroatoms 2:2Volume 7 References 1 November 1981Volume 95, Issue 5Page: 652-652KeywordsMedical education ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
ACTH and α-Subunit are Co-expressed in Rare Human Pituitary Corticotroph Cell Adenomas Proposed to Originate from ACTH-Committed Early Pituitary Progenitor Cells
Authors: Masanori Suzuki, Noboru Egashira, Hanako Kajiya, Takeo Minematsu, Susumu Takekoshi, Shigeyuki Tahara, Naoko Sanno, Akira Teramoto, Robert Yoshiyuki Osamura
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2008)
Shoulder-hand syndrome after laparoscopic sterilisation.
Authors: L C Low, D C McCruden, L E Ramsay
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A case report of shoulder-hand syndrome after laparoscopy in a 27-year old woman is reported. This particular case was characterized by painful restriction of movements and by severe swelling of the arm and hand. Treatment with analgesics and physiotherapy resulted in early, partial response only; symptoms not only persisted, but were exacerbated after 18 months. The shoulder-hand syndrome is becoming less common and is generally of no consequence, but it is certain that laparoscopic sterilization is one of its precipitating factors. The physician must be alert to this possibility.
Analyses do not support the parasite-stress theory of human sociality
Authors: Thomas E. Currie, Ruth Mace
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Re-analysis of the data provided in the target article reveals a lack of evidence for a strong, universal relationship between parasite stress and the variables relating to sociality. Furthermore, even if associations between these variables do exist, the analyses presented here do not provide evidence for Fincher &amp; Thornhill's (F&amp;T's) proposed causal mechanism.
Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for small abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Ahmed Klink, Fabien Hyafil, James Rudd, Peter Faries, Valentin Fuster, Ziad Mallat, Olivier Meilhac, Willem J. M. Mulder, Jean-Baptiste Michel, Francesco Ramirez, Gert Storm, Robert Thompson, Irene C. Turnbull, Jesus Egido, Jose L. Martín-Ventura, Carlos Zaragoza, Didier Letourneur, Zahi A. Fayad
Journal: Nature Reviews Cardiology (2011)
The Diagnosis of Gonorrhea in the Female.
Authors: John R. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Rochester, N. Y., Oct. 16, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The vagina normally contains myriads of organisms which are not incompatible with health. Since they are non-irritating, they have little power of penetrating the epithelium, hence they are for the most part to be found on the surface epithelial cells. When a poisonous organism, as the gonococcus, is implanted in the vagina, the profuse inflammatory discharge therefrom offers a first-rate medium for the growth of the numerous harmless secondary germs with the result that the gonococcus is often overshadowed and the microscopic diagnosis obscured. This is often of great importance, both clinically and medicolegally. The usual method of differentiation has been by contrast staining, but as a rule this is so unsatisfactory as to have but limited value. To obviate this difficulty I have employed the following procedure with most excellent results. Advantage is taken of the fact that the gonococci