tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival in Academy Award–Winning Actors and Actresses
Authors: Roland Staud
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters7 January 2003Survival in Academy Award–Winning Actors and ActressesRoland Staud, MDRoland Staud, MDUniversity of Florida; Gainesville, FL 32610-0221 (Staud)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-1-200301070-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The very interesting epidemiologic research by Redelmeier and Singh examines the impact of the social status of Academy Awardwinning actors and actresses on long-term survival (1). After the authors controlled for many different independent variables, they found that social status is a major factor that determines how quickly people die of all sorts of diseases. They concluded that social status is a powerful determinant of health in both upper and lower socioeconomic positions. This implies that social status may be a major health influence for people at all levels of society.The authors discussed many causal inferences ...Reference1. Redelmeier DA, Singh SM. Survival in Academy Awardwinning actors and actresses. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:955-62. [PMID: 11352696] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Florida; Gainesville, FL 32610-0221 (Staud) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSurvival in Academy Award–Winning Actors and Actresses Donald A. Redelmeier and Sheldon M. Singh Survival in Academy Award–Winning Actors and Actresses Brooke Miskie , Susan Near , and Robert Hegele Survival in Academy Award–Winning Actors and Actresses Donald A. Redelmeier and Sheldon Singh Metrics Cited byLongevity and Some Causes of Death in Musicians of the 20th CenturyLifespan, longevity, and incidence of violent death in writers and poetsPhysiological aspects of music and longevityMusic and longevityLifespan and longevity among representatives of creative professions 7 January 2003Volume 138, Issue 1Page: 77KeywordsEpidemiologyFactor analysisSocial statusSurvival analysis ePublished: 7 January 2003 Issue Published: 7 January 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Effect of War on Glycemic Control in Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Gojka Roglic, Zeljko Metelko
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of war-related, protracted stress on glycemic control in type II diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined 35 patients with type II diabetes as part of their routine control in October 1990. We reexamined them in October 1991, 3 mo after the war in Croatia began. We also administered a questionnaire to assess the patients' exposure to stress and changes in diet and exercise. RESULTS The patients were exposed to considerable stressors. The wartime diet differed from the prewar diet. We found significant changes in total serum cholesterol and TG values (P &amp;lt; 0.01), but we observed no significant changes in body weight, FBG, postprandial blood glucose, and HbA1c values. Insulin and glibenclamide dosages did not change. CONCLUSIONS We detected no significant impact of stress on glycemic control, probably because of differences in individual stress responsiveness. Changes in the lipid status probably were attributable to changes in dietary habits caused by specific circumstances.
One year follow-up study of endocrine and lung function of asthmatic children on inhaled budesonide
Authors: WH Nikolaizik, MA Preece, JO Warner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

Inhaled corticosteroids have become a mainstay in the management of chronic asthma. Their use had been considered safe, although some degree of adrenal suppression has been demonstrated after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment with either 400 microg x day(-1) of beclomethasone dipropionate or budesonide. To weigh the benefits and risks of long-term treatment, 12 children with moderately severe asthma were assessed in a follow-up study on budesonide 200 microg b.i.d. After 1 yr, the nocturnal cortisol production was significantly reduced by 19%, but no greater compared to 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. Growth and growth hormone levels were normal. Lung function tests were significantly better, not only versus baseline values but also versus 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. We conclude that systemic effects of inhaled corticosteroids in conventionally low doses do not accumulate with length of treatment, whilst lung function parameters will continue to improve. Therefore, inhaled corticosteroids once started in asthmatic children not controlled on other medications should be continued, but their use should be carefully considered and the minimal dose required to control the asthma employed.
Chorea and Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: D. R. K. Medley
Journal: BMJ (1963)

vaccinated with this batch of vaccine had shown no fever or rash.Owing to vaccination or exposure to the natural virus infection, her neutralizing antibody titre rose from positive at 1: 11 to 1: 128, and the titre of complement-fixing antibody from negative at 1:4 to positive at 1:6.Both the girls M. and C. were free of measles antibodies before vaccination and both showed adequate rises in complement-fixing and neutralizing antibody titres one month after vaccination. TAoL IIAntibody Titres Pre-vaccination Post-vaccination Complement-Neutralizng Complement-Neutralizin fixing Netaiig fixing Nurlzn Mrs. G. <4 11 6 128 M. .. <4 <4 56 45 C. .<4 <4 56 90DiscussIoN This appears to be the first report about the protection of home contacts after exposure to measles by vaccina- tion alone without gamma-globulin.Krugman and his colleagues thought that the rapid protective effect which they obtained with live vaccine and gamma-globulin could best be explained by an interference phenomenon.The results now reported suggest that in the two girls a normal immune reaction was stimulated by attenuated live measles-virus vaccine, even when given on the third day of exposure, quickly enough to abort the natural disease.This quick immunity was achieved without gamma-globulin, which must have influenced Krugman's results to an unknown extent, and without the development of any catarrhal symptoms or signs-presumably, therefore, without infectiousness.If these results are confirmed on other occasions, vaccination in this way, up to and including the third day of exposure at home, will offer a useful alternative to gamma-globulin for the protection of contacts during an epidemic in hospital wards or schools as well as in families.The lack of infectiousness during the vaccine reaction would be particularly useful in a community such as a school.Though many doctors and parents may still be reluctant to accept live measles-virus vaccination as a routine procedure, after contact with the disease at home the mild febrile reaction caused by the present vaccine (MV.16), even if not further modified, should be a wholly acceptable alternative to even an ordinary attack of uncomplicated measles.For example, neither of the girls who were protected by vaccination missed any time off school, whereas both the boys were in bed for nearly a week with their measles.This method of contact protection is an immediate possibility during the present epidemic and would be particularly useful in children over the age of 10, in whom measles may more often be severe (Study Group, 1957) and for whom the dose of gamma-globulin needs to be relatively larger.A family outbreak of measles is reported in which two out of four children in contact at home were protected by an injection of attenuated live measles-virus vaccine, given on the third day of exposure; while two others, left unvaccinated as controls, caught the disease.Vaccination was performed the day after the rash appeared in the primary case.Susceptibility and protection of contacts were confirmed serologically.
Doctors and witchdoctors: which doctors are which?--II.
Authors: L Briskman
Journal: BMJ (1987)

precede an increase in admissions from the waiting list. Another possible contributing factor is that most hospitals in the Oxford region have high figures for bed occupancy, high throughput figures, and short durations of stay. In these circumstances there is little spare capacity to accommodate the effects of even fairly minor, short term declines in admissions. Thus though workload may sharply decline below the typical monthly figures, it may not be possible for it to rise commensurately above it as simple compensation. A final possibility is that the same factors that influence the numbers of inpatients treated may also influence the capacity to see outpatients awaiting surgery and therefore to enter them on to inpatient waiting lists. Thus with regard to short term fluctuations, as work declines in admitting patients from the waiting list so it may also decline in admitting new patients to the waiting list. Conversely, as the amount of inpatient activity increases so too may the amount of outpatient activity increase as the gateway to the waiting list. On a longer term basis it is also possible that the ability to meet demand acts as a positive influence for patients and their doctors to translate previously unmet needs into demand.
Local infusion of urokinase and heparin into renal arteries in impending renal cortical necrosis.
Authors: F E Jones, P J Black, J S Cameron, C Chantler, D Gill, M N Maisey, C S Ogg, H Saxton
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Two patients with presumed impending cortical necrosis, after haemolytic uraemic syndrome in one and after concealed accidental haemorrhage in the other, were treated by local infusion of urokinase and heparin into the renal artery. Both recovered and one regained normal renal function. Local infusion of anticoagulants or thrombolytic drugs into one renal artery offers the possibility of a controlled examination of the efficacy of this treatment in preventing cortical necrosis.
THE PREPSYCHOTIC AND EARLY PSYCHOTIC SEE THE FAMILY PHYSICIAN OR INTERNIST FIRST
Authors: LOUIS G. MOENCH
Journal: JAMA (1949)

The reduction of the enormous amount of personal and social suffering due to psychoses is an urgent medical challenge. We have left to psychiatrists, pitifully few and all too inadequate in terms of needs, this major problem of human sacrifice. The coming generation of physicians may include in their armamentarium an understanding of psychodynamics. It might be well for the rest of us to arouse enough interest in the psychoses to give our patients a modicum of understanding. Anything less may produce a dangerous scotoma. Regardless of his interests, no physician is immune from contact with psychoses. The doctor who complacently refuses to be concerned may find himself appealing for help when his aged father experiences hallucinations, his postpartum patient obeys a command over the radio to jump out of the window or the patient on whom he refused to perform a surgical operation enters the office with a.38 automatic
Risk Factors for the Development of NIDDM in Yonchon County, Korea
Authors: Chan Soo Shin, Hong Kyu Lee, Chang-Soon Koh, Yong Ik Kim, Young Soo Shin, Keun Young Yoo, Hee Young Paik, Yong Soo Park, Byung Goog Yang
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To determine the risk factors for the development of NIDDM in Yonchon County of Korea. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 1,193 Korean nondiabetic subjects at baseline who participated in a 2-year follow-up study on diabetes in Yonchon County. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed 2 years after the baseline examination. Age, sex, and anthropometric and metabolic characteristics at baseline were analyzed simultaneously as potential predictors of conversion to NIDDM. We also designed a nested case-control study to determine the role of hyperinsulinemia and/or hyperproinsulinemia in the conversion to NIDDM in patients with newly developed diabetes and control subjects matched for age, sex, BMI, and waist-to-hip-ratio. RESULTS At 2 years, 67 subjects developed diabetes, as defined by World Health Organization criteria. The age-adjusted incidence was significantly higher in men (6.4%) than in women (3.0%), and the incidence increased as age increased in both sexes. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed age, male sex, and fasting and 2-h glucose levels to be significant risk factors for the development of NIDDM, whereas waist-to-hip ratio and BMI were not. In a nested case-control study, baseline proinsulin but not insulin levels were significantly higher in subjects who progressed to NIDDM than in those who did not. CONCLUSIONS In the Korean population, β-cell dysfunction, as measured by high proinsulin levels, seems to be associated with subsequent development of NIDDM, whereas regional and general obesity and fasting insulin levels, which may be a surrogate for insulin resistance, were not.
Abstract 3136: X-MAN™ isogenic DualXenoTM models with KRAS mutation predicts the effect of anti-EGFR agents
Authors: Yanmei Sun, Songling Zhang, Nan Li, Holly Astley, Rebecca Foster, Christine Schofield, Chris Chris Torrance, Jinying Ning, Qian Shi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract We have previously reported using cell lines generated with Horizon Discovery's rAAV-based GENESIS™ gene editing platform to establish a comprehensive list of isogenic cancer models for in vivo compound screening, with mutations in a wide variety of genes including KRAS, PIK3CA, PTEN, IDH1 and IDH2, and p53. These isogenic tumor models comprise pairs of cell lines which share the same genetic background, differing only by the mutation of interest, and therefore allow definitive studies of specific genetic variances to be performed. In the current study we developed a DualXenoTM method where isogenic pairs of a colorectal cell line, one of each pair with a KRAS mutation, were inoculated simultaneously in the two flanks of the same mouse. The tumors were then treated with EGFR targeted therapeutics to address the question of resistant phenotypes elicited by different KRAS mutations. This design allows direct comparison of wild type and mutant isogenic pairs for treatment responses that are associated with the defined genetic variations. Our results demonstrated that tumors harboring the G12V mutation were resistant to both Cetuximab and Erlotinib treatment, while tumors harboring the G13D mutation remained sensitive to both agents. This is in consistent with clinical findings (De Roock, et al. JAMA 2010, 304(16), pp 1812), and our own findings with PDX mouse clinical trials in colon cancer, suggesting that the KRAS G13D mutation may establish a different signaling network to other KRAS mutations, and that colon cancer patients with the mutation should not be excluded from the EGFR targeted therapies. Citation Format: Yanmei Sun, Songling Zhang, Nan Li, Holly Astley, Rebecca Foster, Christine Schofield, Chris Chris Torrance, Jinying Ning, Qian Shi. X-MAN™ isogenic DualXenoTM models with KRAS mutation predicts the effect of anti-EGFR agents. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3136. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3136
Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Urticaria (CU) Patients Having Anti- IgE or IgE Receptor Auto- antibodies (Chronic Autoimmune Urticaria) Versus Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria (CIU) Patients without these Auto-antibodies
Authors: A. Blaziene, A. Chomiciene, L. DuBuske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Educating doctors, to improve patient care
Authors: P. Toon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Acute otitis media in childrenFewer children should be treated with antibiotics M ost general practitioners in Britain would treat a child with acute otitis media with antibiotics. 1 However, papers published recently in the BMJ cast doubt on the effectiveness of this policy. 2 3The authors concluded that antibiotics offer only limited benefits and that most children with acute otitis media can be managed without them.If justified, the authors' conclusions would have important implications for British general practice.Acute otitis media is one of the commonest childhood problems seen by general practitioners.Every year, about 10% of under 5 year olds and 3.5% of 5-15 year olds are seen by their general practitioner at least once with the condition.Hence, a typical general practitioner will see about 20 children with acute otitis media every year. 4 As there are more than 30 000 general practitioners in Britain, a more restricted role for antibiotics in the management of acute otitis media would lead to a substantial reduction in the prescribing of antibiotics.This in turn would result in fewer children experiencing the side effects of antibiotics and less likelihood of antibiotic resistance developing.The potential benefits of reduced antibiotic prescribing are clear, but are the authors of the two papers right to call for a more restricted role for antibiotics in the management of acute otitis media?Del Mar and colleagues carried out a meta-analysis of six randomised controlled trials. 2 They found no difference in the percentage of children who still had pain 24 hours after starting treatment (39% in the treatment group v 40% in the control group).However, after two to seven days, fewer children in the antibiotic group had pain than children in the placebo group (9.7% v 14.3%).Moreover, the risk of contralateral otitis media was also reduced by 43%.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of deafness at one month or in the percentage of children with recurrent acute otitis media.Del Mar et al concluded that the early use of antibiotics provides only modest benefits, with 17 children requiring treatment at first presentation to prevent one child experiencing pain at two to seven days.However, their meta-analysis had only limited power to show whether antibiotics had an effect on some important outcomes.Thus, some differences which may be clinically significant did not achieve statistical significance-for example, a 50% reduction in the risk of perforation of the ear drum and a 20% reduction in deafness at three months in those treated with antibiotics.Furthermore, all of the trials in the meta-analysis were too small to look at rare complications like mastoiditis and meningitis.
Completeness of statutory notification for acute bacterial meningitis.
Authors: M J Goldacre, D L Miller
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Several different sources of data, including statutory notifications, were used to identify cases of acute bacterial meningitis in childhood in a defined population. Only half the cases of meningococcal meningitis and less than one quarter of ofther types of bacterial meningitis had been notified. Notified cases differed from the remainder with respect to causative organism, age, outcome, and type of hospital of admission. Thus notifications are an unreliable measure of incidence for this disease, and studies of infectious disease based on notified cases alone should be interpreted with considerable reserve. It is suggested that infectious-disease surveillance should be both clinical and microbiological and that data from different sources need to co-ordinated. The reason for reporting each disease (or organism) should be specified and and reviewed periodically.
SURVEY OF NINE YEARS OF LOBOTOMY INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: MILTON GREENBLATT, HARRY C. SOLOMON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1952)

The evidence is strong that bimedial lobotomy is superior in treatment of chronic mental illness to either conventional bilateral lobotomy or unilateral lobotomy. The reduction in anxiety, tension, hostility, and impulsivity is dramatic; the improvement in initiative and ability to form object relationships, the increased capacity to work and to get along, the recession of psychotic symptoms—all were most significant and important. In group situations, patients who received bimedial operation were more interested in interaction, more alive to group needs, more productive and organized in their activities than patients receiving the other operations. Psychological tests suggest that they made definite gains in abstraction capacity. There was no mortality in the total series of cases. The immediate postoperative morbidity of bimedial surgery was no greater than other operations and the incidence of untoward complications no greater than for conventional bilateral lobotomy. For the present, at the Boston Psychopathic Hospital, bimedial lobotomy has replaced standard full bilateral operation in surgical treatment of chronic mental illness.
Survivors Honored In Celebrations Across America
Authors: J. Burklow
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Survivors Honored In Celebrations Across America Get access John Burklow John Burklow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 11, 6 June 1990, Page 907, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.11.907 Published: 06 June 1990
Susceptibility of BALB/c mice carrying various DBA/2 genes to development of Friend murine leukemia virus-induced erythroleukemia.
Authors: S Ruscetti, R Matthai, M Potter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1985)

Using a series of BALB/c mice congenic for various DBA/2 genes, we were able to establish that DBA/2 mice carry a gene on chromosome 5, at or near the Rmcfr locus, that plays a major role in resistance to early erythroleukemia induced by injection of Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) into newborn mice. The fact that this gene controls the replication of mink cell focus-inducing (MCF) viruses strengthens the case for these viruses playing a crucial role in the development of erythroleukemia, since failure to replicate MCF viruses results in resistance to early erythroleukemia. The expression of the Rmcfr gene is correlated with the constitutive expression of an MCF virus-related envelope glycoprotein that apparently blocks the receptor for MCF viruses, preventing their spread. Thus, the Rmcfr gene is either a structural gene for this unique protein, which can block the receptor for MCF viruses, or is a regulatory gene that controls expression of such a structural gene. Although the Rmcfr gene is clearly involved in resistance to the early erythroleukemia induced by F-MuLV, it appears to have no effect on the late myeloid, lymphoid or erythroid diseases that appear in DBA/2 and other strains of mice after injection of F-MuLV, consistent with data indicating that replication of MCF viruses is not required for the development of these late diseases. Our studies with congenic and backcross mice also indicate that, in addition to the Rmcfr gene, other genes of DBA/2 origin may contribute to resistance to F-MuLV-induced early erythroleukemia by mechanisms other than blocking the replication of MCF viruses.