tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized, Controlled Trial of Ultrasound-Assisted Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Acute Intermediate-Risk Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Nils Kucher, Peter Boekstegers, Oliver J. Müller, Christian Kupatt, Jan Beyer-Westendorf, Thomas Heitzer, Ulrich Tebbe, Jan Horstkotte, Ralf Müller, Erwin Blessing, Martin Greif, Philipp Lange, Ralf-Thorsten Hoffmann, Sebastian Werth, Achim Barmeyer, Dirk Härtel, Henriette Grünwald, Klaus Empen, Iris Baumgartner
Journal: Circulation (2013)

In patients with acute pulmonary embolism, systemic thrombolysis improves right ventricular (RV) dilatation, is associated with major bleeding, and is withheld in many patients at risk. This multicenter randomized, controlled trial investigated whether ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis (USAT) is superior to anticoagulation alone in the reversal of RV dilatation in intermediate-risk patients. Fifty-nine patients (63±14 years) with acute main or lower lobe pulmonary embolism and echocardiographic RV to left ventricular dimension (RV/LV) ratio ≥1.0 were randomized to receive unfractionated heparin and an USAT regimen of 10 to 20 mg recombinant tissue plasminogen activator over 15 hours (n=30; USAT group) or unfractionated heparin alone (n=29; heparin group). Primary outcome was the difference in the RV/LV ratio from baseline to 24 hours. Safety outcomes included death, major and minor bleeding, and recurrent venous thromboembolism at 90 days. In the USAT group, the mean RV/LV ratio was reduced from 1.28±0.19 at baseline to 0.99±0.17 at 24 hours (P<0.001); in the heparin group, mean RV/LV ratios were 1.20±0.14 and 1.17±0.20, respectively (P=0.31). The mean decrease in RV/LV ratio from baseline to 24 hours was 0.30±0.20 versus 0.03±0.16 (P<0.001), respectively. At 90 days, there was 1 death (in the heparin group), no major bleeding, 4 minor bleeding episodes (3 in the USAT group and 1 in the heparin group; P=0.61), and no recurrent venous thromboembolism. In patients with pulmonary embolism at intermediate risk, a standardized USAT regimen was superior to anticoagulation with heparin alone in reversing RV dilatation at 24 hours, without an increase in bleeding complications. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01166997.
Book: Ecosystem Change and Public Health: A Global Perspective
Authors: D. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Eds Joan L Aron, Jonathan A Patz The Johns Hopkins University Press, £26, pp 478 ISBN 0 8018 6582 4 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> The increasing impact of human economic activity on the earth's atmospheres, oceans, topsoil, and biodiversity is weakening life support systems, changing the climate, and casting a shadow over all our futures. Experience has shown that lives and livelihoods are linked inextricably—when livelihoods are at risk, lives are at risk. However, despite these pressures, health indices are improving … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
An Anticoagulant Property of Antibiotics from Streptomyces Species
Authors: Muzaffer Kurkcuoglu, Arthur E. McElfresh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

DURING the course of a clinical study to determine the effectiveness of kanamycin1 as a parenterally administered antibiotic ecchymoses were observed at the sites of injection in a few patients. The previous observance of similar hemorrhages during parenteral therapy with streptomycin prompted an exploration of the anticoagulant properties of kanamycin, streptomycin and neomycin, antimicrobial agents with a similar chemical structure.MethodsThe clotting time was determined by the three-tube Lee–White method utilizing a two-syringe technic to obtain blood. The prothrombin time was measured by Quick's method utilizing a commercial mixture of thromboplastin and calcium. Prothrombin consumption was measured one hour . . .
UK nations have "troubling differences" in efficiency of health service
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

An analysis of the performance of the national health services in the four countries of the United Kingdom has found that England spends less and has fewer staff than the others but delivers more treatment more quickly.

The researchers, from the health charity the Nuffield Trust, say that “troubling differences” exist between the countries in activity, staffing levels, crude productivity, and waiting times. Their study asked whether taxpayers are getting value for money for health services and whether the three devolved health services need to be more accountable.

For the study the researchers examined the performance of the …
Endosonography in Chronic Pancreatitis - A Comparison Between Endoscopic Retrograde Pancreatography and Endoscopic Ultrasonography
Authors: C. Nattermann, A. J. W. Goldschmidt, H. Dancygier
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) were prospectively performed in 114 patients, 94 of whom (62 men, mean age 53 years) had inflammatory pancreatic disease, either chronic pancreatitis or status post acute edematous pancreatitis. Twenty patients (14 men, mean age 54 years) who were examined for other reasons and who had a normal ERP served as controls. EUS was performed in most cases with the knowledge of ERP results which had been classified according to the Cambridge classification system of chronic pancreatitis as being grade 0 (normal) or 1-3 (inflammatory changes). Parenchymal and ductal changes on EUS were correlated with the ERP changes. Abnormal EUS features were found in all patients with grade 2 and 3 chronic pancreatitis, in 88 % with stage 1, and in 63 % of cases with a normal ERP as well. These changes were, however, not detectable in any of the 20 control cases.
Regional Osteoporosis in Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Philip S. Mehler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters6 November 2001Regional Osteoporosis in Anorexia NervosaPhilip S. Mehler, MDPhilip S. Mehler, MDDenver Health Medical Center; Denver, CO 80204 (Mehler)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-9-200111060-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Grinspoon and colleagues (1) reported on predictive factors for osteopenia in anorexia nervosa. The accompanying editorial discussed potential pathophysiologic explanations that link body weight and bone mass (2). Previously, I and others reported that adipose tissue mass, even at low levels, regulates leptin levels in women with the restricting subtype of anorexia (3). However, in the less commonly seen subgroup of anorectic patients who also purge, leptin levels were substantially higher, similar to those of controls. It would be interesting to know whether bone mineral density also differs between patients with these types of anorexia nervosa. It ...References1. Grinspoon S, Thomas E, Pitts S, Gross E, Mickley D, Miller K, et al . Prevalence and predictive factors for regional osteopenia in women with anorexia nervosa. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:790-4. [PMID: 11085841] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Mundy GR. Secondary osteoporosis: the potential relevance of leptin and low body weight [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:828-30. [PMID: 11085846] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Mehler PS, Eckel RH, Donahoo WT. Leptin levels in restricting and purging anorectics. Int J Eat Disord. 1999;26:189-94. [PMID: 10422608] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Adachi JD, Bensen WG, Brown J, Hanley D, Hodsman A, Josse R, et al . Intermittent etidronate therapy to prevent corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:382-7. [PMID: 9241127] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Denver Health Medical Center; Denver, CO 80204 (Mehler) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPrevalence and Predictive Factors for Regional Osteopenia in Women with Anorexia Nervosa Steven Grinspoon , Elizabeth Thomas , Sarah Pitts , Erin Gross , Diane Mickley , Karen Miller , David Herzog , and Anne Klibanski Secondary Osteoporosis: The Potential Relevance of Leptin and Low Body Weight Gregory R. Mundy Regional Osteoporosis in Anorexia Nervosa Steven Grinspoon and Anne Klibanski Metrics 6 November 2001Volume 135, Issue 9Page: 843-844KeywordsAnorexia nervosaBoneBone densityBone resorptionCalciumEstrogensLeptinOsteopeniaOsteoporosisVitamin D ePublished: 6 November 2001 Issue Published: 6 November 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
BRONCHIECTASIS IN THE ASTHMATIC PATIENT
Authors: George L. Waldbott
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The article by R. H. Overholt, J. H. Walker, and F. M. Woods entitled "Hidden or Unsuspected Bronchiectasis in the Asthmatic Patient" inThe Journal, Oct. 4, 1952, page 438, implies that bronchiectasis in asthma is not uncommon. The lack of distinction between true allergic asthma and other pulmonary diseases manifesting asthmatic wheezing has caused confusion in this, as well as in many other, publications on the subject of asthma. If we restrict the term asthma—as I believe we should—to cases of allergic asthma, the authors' conclusion does not hold true. It has been clearly shown (Waldbott, Kaufman, and Merkle: Bronchiectasis in Asthma,<i>J. Allergy</i><b>21</b>:339-343 [July] 1950) that irreversible bronchiectasis in allergic asthma is very rare. The patients reported on by Overholt and associates had pulmonary diseases other than asthma. "Asthma" developed "following a severe respiratory infection" requiring several months' bed rest, "following the aspiration
Ultrasonography of Leg Veins in Patients Suspected of Having Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Tardy Bernard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 February 1998Ultrasonography of Leg Veins in Patients Suspected of Having Pulmonary EmbolismTardy Bernard, MD and Page Yves, MDTardy Bernard, MDCHRU Bellevue; Saint-Etienne, 42055 FranceSearch for more papers by this author and Page Yves, MDCHRU Bellevue; Saint-Etienne, 42055 FranceSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-3-199802010-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Turkstra and colleagues [1] found that the value of compression ultrasonography for detection of deep venous thrombosis in patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism is limited because of a sensitivity of 29%. We disagree with the authors' methods and their conclusion. In their article, the sensitivity of ultrasonography was estimated from ventilation-perfusion scans, which have never been proven to be the gold standard for diagnosing deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. For example, all high-probability lung scans in the study were considered to show a pulmonary embolism. It is well established that this is true only when ...References1. Turkstra F, Kuijer PM, van Beek EJ, Brandjes DP, ten Cate JW, Buller HR. Diagnostic utility of ultrasonography of leg veins in patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:775-81. Google Scholar2. Hull RD, Hirsh J, Carter CJ, Raskob GE, Gill GJ, Jay RM, et al. Diagnostic value of ventilation-perfusion lung scan in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Chest. 1985; 88:819-28. Google Scholar3. Value of the ventilation/perfusion scan in acute pulmonary embolism. Results of the prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis (PIOPED). The PIOPED Investigators. JAMA. 1990; 263:2753-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: CHRU Bellevue; Saint-Etienne, 42055 France PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 3Page: 244KeywordsAngiographyDeep vein thrombosisLungsMedical risk factorsPulmonary embolismSurgeryThrombosisUltrasound imagingVeinsVentilation perfusion Issue Published: 1 February 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Genetics of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: David T. Felson, Lars Klareskog
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
People with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Sally-Ann Cooper, Craig Melville, Jillian Morrison
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Sleep is the dominant vigilance state in pre-term infants, but its regulation is still poorly understood, with no underpinning quantitative framework. In animal studies, neonatal sleep-wake characteristics follow statistical patterns, e.g. wakefulness durations exhibit an exponential distribution.<sup>1</sup> Here we investigated whether the same holds true for pre-term human infants. <h3>Methods</h3> We recorded electroencephalography (EEG), respiratory movement, electrocardiography (ECG), and behavioural observations for up to two hours from 54 non-mechanically ventilated infants being cared for on the neonatal unit (28+2–34+1 weeks+days corrected gestational age). Data were staged as sleep or wakefulness in 30-s epochs (figure 1). We characterised i) the distribution of wakefulness durations, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test, and ii) the likelihood of transitioning from sleep to wakefulness during the recording, using the Kaplan-Meier estimator which takes account of censored observations, i.e. when the event of interest (wakefulness) was not captured. <h3>Results</h3> 14/54 (26%) infants cycled through wakefulness during the recording: durations ranged from 2 to 29 minutes and did not deviate significantly from an exponential distribution (D(14)=0.733, p=0.657) (figure 2 left). There is a sharp increase in the likelihood of transitioning from sleep to wakefulness when recordings increase from 93 to 96 minutes, when the estimated percentage of subjects maintaining sleep falls from 75 to 50%. Nevertheless, 25% of subjects will still be asleep at 121 minutes (figure 2 right). <h3>Discussion</h3> In pre-term infants, the durations of awakenings are exponentially distributed, as in neonatal animals.¹ The likelihood of awakening does not increase linearly with recording duration, but is gated after approximately 100 minutes, demonstrating cyclicity. Future work will build on these preliminary data to model how demographic and environmental variables (e.g. necessary painful procedures) influence the neonatal sleep-wake cycle. <h3>Reference</h3> Blumberg, et al. <i>PNAS</i> ( 2005)
Hyperparathyroidism with Uremia in a 77-Year-Old Man
Authors: Herbert Gershberg
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Hyperparathyroidism is a disease with varied symptoms and is most common in middle life. It was observed in a 77-year-old man who was admitted with uremia and a 6-month history of mental confusion and lethargy. There was no significant osteoporosis visible by x-ray, but the blood findings were compatible with hyperparathyroidism. He died several weeks after admission, and at autopsy a large parathyroid tumor was found. It is suggested that the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism may vary with the age at onset of the disease, as do other endocrine diseases, and that older patients develop a more acute form with mental symptoms and renal dysfunction and with less bone involvement.
Intravenous glucose tolerance test—Derived glucose effectiveness in bulimia nervosa
Authors: Ataru Taniguchi, Yoshikatu Nakai, Mitsuo Fukushima, Kentaro Doi, Kumpei Tokuyama, Hitomi Kawamura, Masashige Suzuki, Yasuki Higaki, Hiroaki Tanaka, Masahiko Sakai, Itaru Nagata
Journal: Metabolism (1997)
JAMA 100 Years Ago
Authors: BOARDMAN REED
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Initial depletion of regulatory T cells: the missing solution to preserve the immune functions of T lymphocytes designed for cell therapy
Authors: Mariana Mesel-Lemoine, Mustapha Cherai, Sabine Le Gouvello, Maude Guillot, Virginie Leclercq, David Klatzmann, Véronique Thomas-Vaslin, François M. Lemoine
Journal: Blood (2005)
Palliative Laser Therapy
Authors: T. Takemoto, Y. Okazaki, T. Otani, I. Tanabe, H. Fujimura, T. Yoshida, Y. Fukumoto
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

Endoscopic laser treatment has been tried for hemostasis, relief of stenosis and reduction of tumor volume in advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer. This form of treatment was found to be effective for each purpose, but success was usually only temporary. Thus, it was considered that endoscopic laser therapy for problems of advanced upper GI cancer could perhaps be improved by modifying the technique and/or developing new methods, such as the combination of the laser with other therapies.
Abstract 5204: Mechanisms of Notch4-Nodal regulation of the aggressive melanoma phenotype
Authors: Katharine M. Hardy, Dawn A. Kirschmann, Elisabeth A. Seftor, Gina T. Kirsammer, Luigi Strizzi, Mary JC Hendrix
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Metastatic melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer with a poor prognosis. The current lack of effective therapies for treating metastatic melanoma exemplifies the desperate need for the identification of new targets and the development of new therapies. Nodal is an embryonic signaling molecule from the TGFβ superfamily that is not typically expressed in adult tissues but is reactivated in a number of aggressive cancers including melanoma, and breast and prostate carcinomas. In a study recently published by our group, we determined a connection between the Notch and Nodal pathways in aggressive melanoma. We identified a specific correlation between the expression of Notch4 and Nodal in aggressive melanoma cell lines and in advanced stage human melanomas. By inhibiting Notch4 expression or function, we established a link between Notch4 and Nodal signaling in promoting the aggressive phenotype of metastatic melanoma cells in vitro. Notch4 regulation of Nodal expression was identified as important in cellular plasticity, since inhibition of Notch4 function impaired the ability of aggressive cells to engage in vasculogenic mimicry (de novo formation of vascular-like networks by non-endothelial tumor cells). Notably, vascular-like network formation could be partially rescued by recombinant human Nodal, suggesting both pathways are important for this phenomenon. To extend our published observations, we utilized neutralizing antibodies to Notch4 and to Nodal, and compared gene expression profiles. From this, we identified a mechanism of feedback between signaling pathways that controls the expression of components of both pathways, including Nodal, Notch4, and the Notch ligand, Jagged2. Since Notch4 is enriched in the subpopulation of cells that form vascular-like networks in melanoma, we specifically analyzed the expression of angiogenesis signature genes previously associated with vascular-like network formation, and determined that inhibition of Notch4 or Nodal function downregulates a large group of these genes including members of the VEGF, angiopoietin, MMP, and cadherin families. We are currently investigating the hypothesis that the Notch4-Nodal signaling axis may be a master regulator of the vascular-like phenotype in aggressive melanoma cells. We suggest that inhibition of Notch4 and/or Nodal function may offer a potential molecular targeting strategy for metastatic melanoma therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5204. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5204