tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antiapoptotic Mcl-1 is critical for the survival and niche-filling capacity of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Wim Pierson, Bénédicte Cauwe, Antonia Policheni, Susan M Schlenner, Dean Franckaert, Julien Berges, Stephanie Humblet-Baron, Susann Schönefeldt, Marco J Herold, David Hildeman, Andreas Strasser, Philippe Bouillet, Li-Fan Lu, Patrick Matthys, Antonio A Freitas, Rita J Luther, Casey T Weaver, James Dooley, Daniel H D Gray, Adrian Liston
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
Pro-tobacco writer admits he should have declared an interest
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Writer and philosopher Roger Scruton, who was discovered last week to be on the payroll of a large tobacco company, has admitted that he should have “declared an interest” when he wrote a pamphlet attacking the World Health Organization for its campaign against tobacco.

He told the BMJ: “Our firm had a consultancy [with Japan Tobacco Industries] at that time. I was asked independently to do this [write the pamphlet]. I did not want to mix it up with the consultancy, but looking back I should have declared an interest.”

As a result of Mr Scruton's fall from grace last week, when his financial connections to Japan Tobacco Industries were revealed, the Institute of Economic Affairs—the free-market think tank that published the pamphlet attacking the WHO—has conceded that it needs an author's declaration policy.

Colin Robinson, the institute's editorial director and a professor of economics at …
Changing pattern of etiologic microorganisms in infective endocarditis: A prospective study of 1337 patients with septicemia
Authors: Felix H. Lee, Mona Mahal, Henry D. Wu, Lynette M. Mendoza, Phyllis Della-Latta, Marco R. Di Tullio, Glenda J. Garvey, Shunichi Homma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Chiropractors drop their libel action against science writer Simon Singh
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The British Chiropractic Association (BCA) has dropped its libel action against science writer Simon Singh, after a landmark appeal court judgment in his favour two weeks ago ( BMJ 2010;340:c1895, doi: 10.1136/bmj.c1895).

The association sued Dr Singh over an April 2008 comment piece in the Guardian newspaper that accused the association of “happily promoting bogus treatments” for such childhood ailments as colic and asthma.

The association won a ruling from high court judge Mr Justice Eady that this was a statement of fact rather than opinion, and that Dr Singh had accused the association of dishonesty.

But that judgment was overturned by the Court of Appeal, which said, on 1 April, that the statement was fair comment …
Eosinophil and Other Leucocyte Changes in Burned Patients
Authors: S. Sevitt
Journal: BMJ (1951)

BmJOURNALwith the small motor system in frogs the contractile effect upon the muscle fibre is the, final event, with the small motor system in mammals this is not so.Here the contraction presents an intermediary stage; it acts as a mechanical stimulus for exciting the nerve endings in the spindle and thus sets up an afferent discharge.We shall probably hear much more about this system in the future.It may be felt that when discussing the smallbmotorfibre system I should have confined myself to mamma- lian muscle.But we are not certain whether the more primitive mechanism of producing sustained contrac- tion in frogs and crustacea may not exist in some mammalian muscle-for instance, in the eye muscle.Further, under abnormal conditions-for instance, after denervation-the mammalian skeletal muscle reverts to the more primitive form of response; that is, localized contracture.This phenomenon is understandable only under the wider phylogenetical aspect.But the main reason is that I found it so fascinating to see how Nature ingeniously adapts parts of an old system, the smallmotor-fibre system, to a more complicated mechanism in the development of postural reflexes in higher ani- mals, that I could not resist giving the full story so far as it has been unravelled by recent experiments.
Drug points: Successful breast feeding while mother was taking cyclosporin
Authors: Y Thiru, D N Bateman, M G Coulthard
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Pectus excavatum (PE) is a posterior depression of the sternum and adjacent costal cartilages and is frequently seen by primary care providers. PE accounts for &gt;90% of congenital chest wall deformities. Patients with PE are often dismissed by physicians as having an inconsequential problem; however, it can be more than a cosmetic deformity. Severe cases can cause cardiopulmonary impairment and physiologic limitations. Evidence continues to present that these physiologic impairments may worsen as the patient ages. Data reports improved cardiopulmonary function after repair and marked improvement in psychosocial function. More recent consensus by both the pediatric and thoracic surgical communities validates surgical repair of the significant PE and contradicts arguments that repair is primarily cosmetic. We performed a review of the current literature and treatment recommendations for patients with PE deformities.
Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia-Reply
Authors: Donald J. Dalessio
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> My editorial did not, in any way, imply criticism of an older generation of neurosurgeons. Indeed, as with all medical advances, we build on the experience and good efforts of those who have gone before us. I believe that Dr Shenkin has evolved an unusual interpretation of my remarks.
Quantification of Early Subclinical Limited Joint Mobility in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: G Slama, M Letanoux, N Thibult, C Goldgewicht, E Eschwege, G Tchobroutsky
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

Limited joint mobility (LJM) has been described in juvenile diabetic patients by Rosenbloom et al.; similar abnormalities are also present in adult diabetes. This modification may be associated with a high risk of microvascular complications. We tested the use of a goniometer in measuring subclinical joint limitation in 50 adult diabetic patients without overt, i.e., clinically evident, LJM as described by these authors. This diabetic population was compared with 118 nondiabetic adult controls. We found significant changes in hand mobility between the two groups for wrist flexion and extension of the 3rd and 5th fingers (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Age was correlated to wrist flexion, wrist extension, and proximal interphalangeal flexion of the little finger. Wrist extension correlated with duration of diabetes (r = − 0.37, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Heavy manual activities significantly limited all motions except wrist and 5th finger metacarpophalangeal flexion. Early systematic examination by goniometry may prove to be a sensitive, quantitative, and inexpensive way of detecting joint stiffness at an early stage.
Ceramides as modulators of cellular and whole-body metabolism
Authors: Benjamin T. Bikman, Scott A. Summers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Nearly all stress stimuli (e.g., inflammatory cytokines, glucocorticoids, chemotherapeutics, etc.) induce sphingolipid synthesis, leading to the accumulation of ceramides and ceramide metabolites. While the role of these lipids in the regulation of cell growth and death has been studied extensively, recent studies suggest that a primary consequence of ceramide accumulation is an alteration in metabolism. In both cell-autonomous systems and complex organisms, ceramides modify intracellular signaling pathways to slow anabolism, ensuring that catabolism ensues. These ceramide actions have important implications for diseases associated with obesity, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Novel Treatments for Liver Cancer and Other Solid Tumors Show Early Promise
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

IN THE past, radiation and chemotherapy have not been very effective in treating nonresectable cancers of the liver. However, novel ways of using radiation and chemotherapy to destroy these and some other solid tumors are showing promise in a number of phase I clinical trials. With more than 1 million new cases diagnosed annually worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common human malignancies. It is also one of the most lethal cancers with a fatality rate higher than 94%. The liver is also a common site for metastasis of colorectal and other cancers. Complete surgical resection provides the best chance for curing these cancers. However, liver tumors usually are not detected until they are too massive or too diffuse for resection. More than 75% of such tumors are not resectable at the time of surgery. Conventional irradiation and chemotherapy for patients with nonresectable primary liver cancer produce dismal
Cost-effectiveness and the future of medicine
Authors: D. J. Shulkin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Circulating Immunoglobulins, Intestinal Protein Loss, and Malabsorption in Intestinal Capillariasis.
Authors: G. E. Whalen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Circulating Immunoglobulins, Intestinal Protein Loss, and Malabsorption in Intestinal Capillariasis.G. E. Whalen, M.D., E. B. Rosenberg, M.D., G. T. StricklandG. E. Whalen, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. B. Rosenberg, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, G. T. StricklandSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1072_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCapillaria philippinensis, a newly described species of roundworm, caused an epidemic of diarrhea in the Philippines involving 1,300 people over 19 months. The characteristic clinical picture of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and edema in patients with intestinal capillariasis was associated with a protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), malabsorption, and a high mortality. Deficient immunoglobulin synthesis has recently been proposed as a mechanism for PLE and malabsorption. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a defect in immunoglobulin synthesis was responsible for the PLE and malabsorption in capillariasis. Quantitative immunoglobin determinations were performed on plasma from 11 control subjects and 22 patients... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: G. E. Whalen, M.D.; E. B. Rosenberg, M.D.; G. T. StricklandAffiliations: Taipei Taiwan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byINTESTINAL CAPILLARIASIS: A NEW DISEASE OF MAN 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1072-1072KeywordsAbdominal painBlood plasmaDiarrheaEdemaEnteropathiesMortalityProteins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Report of 34 patients with clonal chromosomal abnormalities in Philadelphia-negative cells during imatinib treatment of Philadelphia-positive chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: C Terre, V Eclache, P Rousselot, M Imbert, C Charrin, C Gervais, M J Mozziconacci, O Maarek, H Mossafa, N Auger, N Dastugue, P Talmant, J Van den Akker, C Leonard, F N'Guyen Khac, F Mugneret, F Viguié, M Lafage-Pochitaloff, J N Bastie, G L Roux, F Nicolini, F Maloisel, N Vey, G Laurent, C Recher, M Vigier, Y Yacouben, S Giraudier, J P Vernant, B Salles, J Roussi, S Castaigne, V Leymarie, G Flandrin, M Lessard
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Hospital staff caring for tracheotomy patients need better training, enquiry finds
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

As tracheotomy has become more common, patients are increasingly cared for on general wards.



Patients who have undergone a tracheotomy are often cared for on general wards by staff who have not been trained in their needs or in how to deal with common emergencies, says a report issued by the UK National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD).

As tracheotomy has become more common in recent years, the procedure is increasingly taking place on critical care wards rather than in operating theatres, and patients are then often discharged to a general ward. However, many staff involved in the care of these patients do not have the skills required, which could compromise the care of these patients, NCEPOD found.

Furthermore hospitals do not regularly record that tracheotomies have taken place, which …
Psychosocial aspects of burn injuries
Authors: Shelley A Wiechman, David R Patterson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

With the increased survival of patients with large burns comes a new focus on the psychological challenges and recovery that such patients must face.Most burn centres employ social workers, vocational counsellors, and psychologists as part of the multidisciplinary burn team.Physiological recovery of burn patients is seen as a continual process divided into three stages-resuscitative or critical, acute, and long term rehabilitation.The psychological needs of burn patients differ at each stage. Resuscitative or critical stageThe psychological characteristics of this stage include stressors of the intensive care environment, uncertainty about outcome, and a struggle for survival.The intensive care environment can be both overstimulating and understimulating with the monotony of lying in a hospital bed for weeks.Cognitive changes such as extreme drowsiness, confusion, and disorientation are common during this phase.More severe cognitive changes such as delirium and brief psychotic reactions also occur, usually as a result of infections, alcohol withdrawal, metabolic complications, or high doses of drugs.Patients may also be intubated, which greatly limits direct communication. TreatmentIn depth psychological intervention is of minimal value at this phase, since physical survival is the primary goal.Patients should be encouraged to cope with the frighteningly unusual circumstances of the intensive care unit through whatever defences are available to them, even primitive strategies such as denial and repression.Supportive psychological interventions should focus on immediate concerns, such as sleep, pain control, and protecting patients' coping strategies.Non{pharmacological approaches to pain control, such as hypnosis and relaxation, can be effective.Medical staff can also effectively intervene during this early stage of recovery by working with a patient's family members.Family members may be anxious and distressed while observing the patient undergo treatment, which fosters the same response in the patient.It is important to help family members understand this effect and help them to convey a sense of hope and calmness to the patient.
NPR-A–Deficient Mice Show Increased Susceptibility to Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lan Zhao, Lu Long, Nicholas W. Morrell, Martin R. Wilkins
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Mice in which the gene encoding NPR-A, a guanylyl cyclase–linked natriuretic peptide receptor, has been disrupted were used to examine the contribution of natriuretic peptides to maintaining pulmonary vascular homeostasis in normal- and low-oxygen environments. Methods and Results —Wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/−), and homozygous null mutants (−/−) were studied. The response of the pulmonary vasculature to atrial, B-type, and C-type natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP, and CNP) during acute hypoxia was studied in isolated perfused lungs. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), RV weight, and pulmonary vascular remodeling were measured in each genotype exposed to normal air and after 7 and 21 days in a hypoxic atmosphere (10% O 2 ). ANP and BNP (300 ng) reduced pulmonary artery pressure during acute hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction in +/+ mice, but this effect was attenuated in +/− and absent in −/− mice. CNP (600 ng) had little effect in all 3 genotypes. RVSP and RV weight were similar in the 3 genotypes housed in a normal-O 2 environment. Seven and 21 days of hypoxia produced a pronounced and significantly greater increase in RVSP and RV weight in −/− mice compared with +/+ or +/− mice and more rapid muscularization of distal pulmonary arterioles. Conclusions —ANP and BNP do not contribute to maintaining normal pulmonary artery pressure but play an important role in attenuating the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia. NPR-A mediates the vasorelaxant effect of ANP in pulmonary vasculature.
GW25-e4114 Relation between White Coat Effect and Stroke A Cross Sectional Study from Beijing
Authors: Ma Wei, Ying Yang, Litong Qi, Baowei Zhang, Lei Meng, Jianping Li, Yan Zhang, Jie Jiang, Dafang Chen, Shuyu Wang, Lisheng Liu, Yong Huo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The Association's 1902 Meeting.
Authors: Frank A. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Memphis, Tenn., Jan. 22, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The 1902 meeting of theAmerican Medical Associationshould logically come south. Other southern cities, Atlanta, New Orleans, Louisville and Nashville have been honored, and Memphis is now the third largest city south of the Ohio River, with a population, by the U. S. census of 1900, of 102,320. It is well and centrally located, being in the very heart of the great Mississippi Valley. We have also eleven trunk lines, making Memphis accessible from all points. Besides, the adjacent territory, Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas. Tennessee, Louisiana, Texas and southeast Missouri has many good physicians who have never joined theAmerican Medical Association. I believe that if Memphis could secure the meeting next year our membership would be materially increased. Some few have doubted our ability to entertain theAssociation, but we now have in course of construction one of the finest hotels
Effect of an RNA interference drug on the synthesis of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and the concentration of serum LDL cholesterol in healthy volunteers: a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial
Authors: Kevin Fitzgerald, Maria Frank-Kamenetsky, Svetlana Shulga-Morskaya, Abigail Liebow, Brian R Bettencourt, Jessica E Sutherland, Renta M Hutabarat, Valerie A Clausen, Verena Karsten, Jeffrey Cehelsky, Saraswathy V Nochur, Victor Kotelianski, Jay Horton, Timothy Mant, Joseph Chiesa, James Ritter, Malathy Munisamy, Akshay K Vaishnaw, Jared A Gollob, Amy Simon
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Polymorphisms in angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene and progression of IgA nephropathy
Authors: P.N Harden, P.A Rowe, R.S.C Rodger, B.J.R Junor, J.D Briggs, A.G Jardine, C Geddes, M Boulton-Jones, J.H Mcllroy, J.M.C Connell, A.G Jardine
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
The importance of inhibition in dynamical systems models of emotion and neurobiology
Authors: Julian F. Thayer, Richard D. Lane
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Lewis makes a compelling case for a dynamical systems approach to emotion and neurobiology. These models involve both excitatory and inhibitory processes. It appears that a critical role for inhibitory processes is implied but not emphasized in Lewis's model. We suggest that a greater understanding of inhibitory processes both at the psychological and neurobiological levels might further enhance Lewis's model.
Prepregnancy Obesity and Associations With Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Women in the Years After Childbirth
Authors: Michelle Dalgas Schmiegelow, Charlotte Andersson, Lars Køber, Søren Skøtt Andersen, Jonas Bjerring Olesen, Thomas Bo Jensen, Aziza Azimi, Mia Birgitte Nielsen, Gunnar Gislason, Christian Torp-Pedersen
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Cardiovascular events (stroke or myocardial infarction) are often associated with poorer prognosis in younger, compared with older individuals. We examined the associations between prepregnancy obesity and the risks of myocardial infarction and stroke in young, healthy women.All Danish women giving birth during 2004-2009 without a history of renal disease or cardiovascular disease were identified from national registers and followed for a median time of 4.5 years (interquartile range, 2.8-5.8). They were grouped according to prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) in underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m(2)), normal weight (BMI=18.5-<25 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI=25-<30 kg/m(2)), and obese (BMI≥30 kg/m(2)). The hazard ratios of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and a composite outcome (myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular death) were assessed using multivariable Cox regression models. We included 273 101 women with a median age of 30.4 years (interquartile range, 27.2-33.8). A total of 68 women experienced a myocardial infarction, and 175 women experienced an ischemic stroke. The adjusted hazard ratios of myocardial infarction compared with normal weight were 2.50 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.97-6.50) in underweight, 1.68 (95% CI, 0.92-3.06) in overweight, and 2.63 (95% CI, 1.41-4.91) in obese women. For ischemic stroke the adjusted hazard ratios were 1.06 (95% CI, 0.44-2.28) in underweight, 1.27 (95% CI, 0.87-1.85) in overweight, and 1.89 (95% CI, 1.25-2.84) in obese women, respectively. For the composite outcome, hazard ratios were 1.34 (95% CI, 0.81-2.20), 1.43 (95% CI, 1.11-1.84), and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.31-2.34) for underweight, overweight, and obese women.In apparently healthy women of fertile age, prepregnancy obesity was associated with increased risks of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction in the years after childbirth.
Desmoid tumours in familial adenomatous polyposis.
Authors: A K Gurbuz, F M Giardiello, G M Petersen, A J Krush, G J Offerhaus, S V Booker, M C Kerr, S R Hamilton
Journal: Gut (1994)

Desmoids are rare, benign fibromatous lesions, which can arise in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), a disorder caused by germline adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutation. This study investigated the risk of desmoids in FAP, the relation between specific APC gene mutations and desmoid formation, and the clinical characteristics of FAP patients with desmoids. Eighty three of 825 FAP patients (10%) from 49 of 161 kindreds (30%) had desmoids. The absolute risk of desmoids in FAP patients was 2.56/1000 person years; comparative risk was 852 times the general population. APC gene mutations were similar in families with and without desmoids. The female/male ratio was 1.4 (p = NS). Previous abdominal surgery was noted in 68% of patients with abdominal desmoids (55% developed within five years postoperatively). Desmoid risk in FAP family members of a desmoid patient was 25% in first degree relatives v 8% in third degree relatives. Desmoids are a comparatively common complication of FAP associated with surgical trauma and familial aggregation. Desmoid development was not linked to specific APC gene mutations and was not found predominantly in women. Studies of chemopreventive therapy, given within five years after abdominal surgery, should be considered in FAP patients with a family history of desmoid disease.