tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Depression in chronic hepatitis C is associated with low apolipoprotein e levels
Authors: D. Sheridan, M. Crossey, S. T. Robinson, S. Bridge, D. Felmlee, H. Thomas, G. Toms, D. Neely, M. Bassendine
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Depression and anxiety are prevalent in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and exacerbation during anti-viral treatment adversely effects compliance and treatment response. HCV affects cholesterol metabolism which is critical for cognitive function. We evaluated depression and anxiety in CHC, the relationship with lipid profiles and the effect of a 12-week course of lipid-modulating therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> A pilot study was performed in non-responders to standard of care. Patients were randomised to low or high dose n3-PUFAs (Omacor) alone or in combination with Fluvastatin in a factorial design. Participants (N=60) had assessment of depressive and anxiety symptoms using the HAD questionnaire and fasting lipid profiles were measured at each study visit. Significant depression and anxiety was defined as HAD-D ≤8 or HAD-A score ≤8. <h3>Results</h3> At screening 40% had significant anxiety and 21.7% had significant depression. Depression was more frequent in HCV genotype 3 than other genotypes (31.6% vs 17.1%). Depressed patients had significantly lower serum apolipoprotein E level (30 mg/l vs 39 mg/l, p=0.029 – normal range 36–42 mg/l) than those that were not depressed and tended to have lower total cholesterol (3.8 vs 4.4 mmol/l, p=0.053). There was no difference in apolipoprotein B (0.67 g/l vs 0.78 g/l, p=0.136 – normal range 0.6–1.2 g/l). There was no improvement in depression with any lipid modulating combination. One HCV G3 non-responder discontinued because of worsening depression after 4 weeks of combination treatment when cholesterol was 2.3 mmol/l, and both apoB and apoE were below the normal range (0.3 g/l and 10 mg/l respectively). At screening, there was no correlation of anxiety with HCV genotype or lipid profiles. There was a trend towards improvement in anxiety in the Omacor / Fluvastatin combination group and Omacor alone but no change in the Fluvastatin group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In the brain apoE particles deliver cholesterol to neurons via lipoprotein receptors. ApoE is important in the HCV lifecycle and several studies have detected HCV in the brain. This study shows low serum apoE levels are associated with depression in CHC. Lipid lowering therapies should be used with caution in hypolipidaemic CHC patients.
Radiation Dose Escalation as Treatment for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Theodore L. DeWeese, Danny Y. Song
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erythropoietic protoporphyria and lead intoxication: the molecular basis for difference in cutaneous photosensitivity. II. Different binding of erythrocyte protoporphyrin to hemoglobin.
Authors: A A Lamola, S Piomelli, M G Poh-Fitzpatrick, T Yamane, L C Harber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Acidic solvents extract the same porphyrin-protoporphyrin-from the erythrocytes of patients with either erythropoietic protoporphyria or lead intoxication. However, extractable protoporphyrin disappears rapidly, both in vivo and in vitro, from erythrocytes in erythropoietic protoporphyria but slowly, if at all, in lead intoxication. Consistent with these observations, fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the intracellular state of the erythrocyte protoporphyrin is different in the two diseases. Spectrofluorometric measurements coupled with fractionations and biochemical syntheses showed that in erythropoietic protoporphyria the protoporphyrin is bound as the free base to hemoglobin molecules at sites other than the heme binding sites. In lead intoxication the fluorescent porphyrin is also bound to hemoglobin but is present as zinc protoporphyrin. The data suggest that the zinc protoporphyrin is bound at heme binding sites. Acidic extraction solvents remove the chelated zinc, but zinc protoporphyrin may be extracted intact from erythrocytes with acetone, ethanol, or the detergent Ammonyx-LO.
Card Indexing for Preserving Useful Medical Information.
Authors: J. Madison Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Philadelphia, Feb. 11, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Among the difficulties which beset the physician is to preserve useful information on various subjects in systematic shape for ready reference. The best method of doing this, coming steadily into vogue, is the card index. Much of useful data is offered in the form of advertisements, prospectuses, book notices, booklets, leaflets, circulars or cards of irregular size, making it utterly impossible to arrange them comfortably, hence to preserve them in such a fashion that they can be readily consulted. I made the suggestion long ago to the drug manufacturers that if they desired, or expected, us to bear in our minds descriptions of their preparations, some of which contain much merit, they should make it practicable by giving us printed information, much or little, on cards of the ordinary size used in the card indexes. This is the best way. Thus a card
Lung Cancer Screening
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hardship and empathy
Authors: T. P E Wells
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

When we hear about a person’s ill fortune, the essence of good communication is for both parties to feel that they are connecting—that is, ‘on the same wavelength’. The way we act is underpinned by our attitudes and reflects our personality. Sometimes, especially when faced with unfamiliar circumstances, we are unsure of how to respond. After all, attitudes are complex, being influenced by diverse factors including life experiences, our inherent idiosyncrasies and prevalent societal values. They are therefore vulnerable to criticism when we fail to connect. With my experience of permanent paralysis from a spinal injury sustained a few years ago I have had an opportunity to reflect on these matters.

One way of responding to a person’s bad news may be to express empathy. But what is empathy all about? When is it appropriate to empathize and is this something that we can learn to do? Is empathy an innate quality or does it stem from acquired notions of how we should behave towards others? First and foremost, we need to find out how the person has been affected by events. Having gauged their perspective, we need to form our own perspective of events and, in order to empathize, feel touched by what has happened to them. This is inevitably coloured by our own previous experiences; disruptions to our own ‘normal life’ can give insight into the hardships of others. However, it is less the extent of our own hardship than how we have coped with it that affects our behaviour towards others. And, of course, we can learn much from the ways other people react to our misfortune. Those who communicate well—with that magical gift of acting comfortably and saying the right things at the right time—can teach us a great deal. So can those who get it wrong. After becoming paralysed, I was among patients who, although proceeding through a rehabilitation programme aimed at similar skills for independence, were reacting in very different ways. Some patients were deeply angry, others were resigned. Observing the responses of those around me, I could see the futility of anger and bitterness. A phase of grieving for what has been lost is unavoidable, but my own adaptation was to concentrate on the capabilities that remained. Moreover, returning to medical practice, I found myself in some ways stronger. I have learned from my own experience and those of others that growth through hardship is possible, and that the worst fate is to acquire the destructive baggage of a hard-done-by victim. People rarely come to terms with extreme hardships; they simply adapt and find different ways of living. In this process health professionals, I can testify, can provide crucial support that goes far beyond their technical skills. The key is empathy. When a person’s hardships seem beyond verbal communication, a simple acknowledgment of the inadequacy of words can be the most powerful statement of caring and support.
Obstruction of the Iliac Veins Due to Markedly Distended Urinary Bladder Demonstrated by Radionuclide Venography
Authors: T SEZHIYAN, DAVID C. YANG, J FABILA, D M PATEL, J GIOVANNIELLO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

An unusual case of obstruction of the iliac veins by a markedly distended urinary bladder (UB) is presented. Initial radionuclide venography (RNV) was positive, revealing obstruction of the iliac veins associated with marked dilatation of the UB. After the UB was emptied, RNV was negative.
Letter: Gonorrhoea of the pharynx.
Authors: D K Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1974)

results, such as age, parity, and social status, failed to show any apparent bias.Furthermore, you appear to have overlooked the fact that the two studies differed in two essentials: (1) Coxon et al. investigated the use of abdominal decompression in a population of normal pregnant women and found that this had no prophylactic effect on the incidence of pre-eclampsia or the mean birth weight.We studied only those patients in whom the fetus seemed "small- for-dates," since this is an important and not unconmmon problem in obstetrics, and found that abdominal decompression seemed to have a therapeutic effect on fetal growth retardation. (2)The patients studied by Coxon et al. received abdominal decompression twice a week, whereas our patients received this treatment every day-that is, the frequency of treatment was more than three times as great in our study.The results of these two studies showed that twice-weelly decompression applied to normal pregnant patients had no prophylactic effects, while daily decompression applied to patients with fetal growth retardation had some thera- peutic effects.I find nothing contradictory about these conclusions.The final paragraph of your leading article seems to rely on reductio ad absurdum in order to arrive at the conclusion that "for most obstetricians and their patients nature's abhorrence of a vacuum seems likely to prevail."While this is elegant and epigrammatic from a literary point of view, it does little to enhance the reputation of your leading articles for ex- pressing balanced judgements.-Ian, etc.,
Using genipin-crosslinked acellular porcine corneal stroma for cosmetic corneal lens implants
Authors: Zhao Liu, Qiang Zhou, Jixiang Zhu, Jianhui Xiao, Pengxia Wan, Chenjing Zhou, Zheqian Huang, Na Qiang, Wei Zhang, Zheng Wu, Daping Quan, Zhichong Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Tl-201 SPECT in Kimura's Disease Involving the Parotid Glands and Cervical Nodes
Authors: SHIGEKI NAGAMACHI, HIROAKI HOSHI, TAKASHI OHNISHI, SEISHI JINNOUCHI, LEO G. FLORES, SHIGEMI FUTAMI, KATSUSHI WATANABE, YOUKO TSUBOI, SATOSHI MIYANAGA, TAMOTSU MORIMITSU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Kimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition producing subcutaneous tumor-like nodules, mainly in the head and neck region. Most patients have involvement of regional lymph nodes and major salivary glands. The authors present two cases of Kimura's disease with parotid gland and postauricular lymph node involvement. With Tl-201 SPECT, elevated uptake was noted on early and delayed images. Kimura's disease should be included in the differential diagnosis when increased Tl-201 uptake in head and neck mass lesions is noted.
Divergent kinetics of 201Tl and 99mTc-SESTAMIBI in cultured chick ventricular myocytes during ATP depletion.
Authors: D Piwnica-Worms, M L Chiu, J F Kronauge
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Thallous chloride (201Tl) and hexakis(2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile) technetium (I) (99mTc-SESTAMIBI) are myocardial perfusion imaging agents with biological properties that also reflect tissue viability. Initial myocellular uptake rates of 201Tl reflect activity of Na,K-ATPase, whereas those of 99mTc-SESTAMIBI reflect mean plasma membrane potential.To better understand the mechanistic responses of these tracers to myocellular injury, cultured chick embryo cardiac myocytes were metabolically inhibited in iodoacetate (1 mM) and rotenone (10 microM) for up to 2 hours, and initial uptake rates of each agent were determined at successive intervals along with correlative cellular contents of ATP, sodium, and potassium and lactate dehydrogenase release. ATP content fell from 30.5 +/- 1.4 to 2.7 +/- 0.9 nmol.(mg protein)-1 within 2 minutes, whereas sodium and potassium contents ran down their thermodynamic gradients more slowly (t 1/2 approximately 60 minutes). Modestly severe cell injury was produced at 2 hours as estimated by lactate dehydrogenase release (18% of total). Initial uptake rates of 201Tl declined from 6.9 +/- 0.8 to 4.0 +/- 0.4 fmol.(mg protein)-1.(nMo)-1.(min)-1 by 20 minutes and remained depressed and ouabain (100 microM)-insensitive at 30 +/- 13% of control. Conversely, initial uptake rates of 99mTc-SESTAMIBI increased from 10.6 +/- 0.8 to 15.0 +/- 0.6 fmol.(mg protein)-1.(nMo)-1.(min)-1 within 10 minutes, remained elevated for 40-60 minutes, and later declined to low values. Injury-induced enhancement of initial uptake rates of 99mTc-SESTAMIBI were insensitive to ouabain (100 microM), carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (5 microM), and valinomycin (1 microgram/ml) but were significantly inhibited by 130 mM Ko buffer, Ba2+ (1 mM), glybenclamide (100 microM), and quinacrine (10 microM).Uptake rates of 201Tl monotonically decline, correlating with Na-K pump inhibition from ATP depletion. Conversely, uptake rates of 99mTc-SESTAMIBI at first increase above control for 40-60 minutes, indicating a mean plasma membrane hyperpolarization possibly resulting from opening of ATP-sensitive and arachidonic acid-activated potassium channels, before declining to low values with more severe cell injury. Correlative non-flow-dependent relations between 201Tl and 99mTc-SESTAMIBI contain information regarding the degree of myocellular injury.
Subtyping Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Using Temperament Dimensions
Authors: Sarah L. Karalunas, Damien Fair, Erica D. Musser, Kamari Aykes, Swathi P. Iyer, Joel T. Nigg
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Psychiatric nosology is limited by behavioral and biological heterogeneity within existing disorder categories. The imprecise nature of current nosologic distinctions limits both mechanistic understanding and clinical prediction. We demonstrate an approach consistent with the National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria initiative to identify superior, neurobiologically valid subgroups with better predictive capacity than existing psychiatric categories for childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The Opiate Receptor
Authors: Solomon H. Snyder, Candace B. Pert, Gavril W. Pasternak
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Binding of radioactive opiates and opiate antagonists to the opiate receptor in the brain and other tissues can be shown. This binding mediates the pharmacologic effects of the drugs. The regional distribution of the opiate receptor in monkey and human brain parallels the motivational-affective pathways of pain perception and comprises several limbic system structures. In subcellular fractionation experiments, the opiate receptor is localized to synaptic membranes. The influence of sodium on receptor binding permits predictions of the extent to which a drug possesses opiate agonist, antagonist, or mixed properties. The simple, sensitive, and specific opiate receptor binding assay facilitates development of pure opiate antagonists for treating narcotic addiction and mixed agonist-antagonist agents with potential as nonaddicting analgesics.
P2-304: Multi-institutional phase ii study of carboplatin/gemcitabine combination chemotherapy in elderly patients (Pts) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Jiichiro Sasaki, Hideshi Uramoto, Kosuke Kashiwabara, Hiroto Kishi, Eiji Moriyama, Sunao Ushijima, Shinji Fujii, Hiroshi Senba, Isamu Okamoto
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Abstract LB-67: From Patient to Advocate
Authors: Peg Ford
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Peg Ford is a living example of two causes that have become her passion: early detection of ovarian cancer and timely referral of patients into the care of a gynecologic oncologist. Before Ms. Ford's experience with ovarian cancer, she had mostly chosen alternative healing methods. Impressed and appreciative of the diversity of care the western medical system now offers, she was directed toward advocacy to spread awareness of the benefits of interweaving both types of care. She chose to pursue advocacy for many reasons, but most importantly to put ovarian cancer at the forefront of medical doctors' minds. Early diagnosis is crucial to saving more women's lives. The overall survival rate for ovarian cancer for five years is only 45 percent, but when the cancer is diagnosed early, survival rates greatly improve to over 90 percent. Until there is a screening test for ovarian cancer, women must rely on the awareness of medical doctors in all fields. She strives to ensure that all women have a great understanding of their bodies and act as their own advocates to get care in a timely fashion. Ms. Ford's poster outlines her journey to becoming an advocate. After discovering an innovative educational program, “Survivors Teaching Students: Saving Women's Lives,” created by the Ovarian Cancer National Alliance, she successfully launched the program at UCSD School of Medicine for Third Year Medical Students. The course brings ovarian cancer survivors right into the classroom to share their stories with the goal of increasing awareness of the symptoms and risk factors needed for the early detection of ovarian cancer. Her poster reflects the outstanding success of the program in two short years. Seeing the need and opportunity to reach practicing medical doctors, she teamed up with the esteemed Dr. Afshin Bahador, Gynecologic Oncologist, to participate in his grand rounds at major hospital campuses. Her commitment to tell her story whenever the opportunity presents itself: as a guest speaker, facilitator, or writer for community outreach efforts, blossoms into a voice for the ovarian cancer community on a local, state, national, and international level. Her poster outlines her diverse advocacy efforts from DoD Funding, a Research Advocacy Network's 2010 Scholar at ASCO, as a member of the Core Planning Group of COCAP, as a consumer reviewer for The Cochrane Collaboration, and as an attendee of the Salzburg Global Seminar in Salzburg, Austria. With her appreciation for the advances in research, her poster highlight's patient advocates' roles as the bridge between the scientific/medical world to the patient community and to work hand-in-hand to advance research and impact change to better serve both communities. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-67. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-67
Long-term effects of percutaneous laser balloon ablation from the canine coronary sinus.
Authors: C D Schuger, L McMath, G Abrams, H Zhan, J R Spears, R T Steinman, M H Lehmann
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Radiofrequency catheter ablation of left-sided accessory pathways is becoming the first line of therapy for patients with symptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Nevertheless, alternative ablation techniques merit development, at least as supplementary modalities for cases in which conventional ablation approaches may prove unsuccessful. We recently reported the short-term results with transcatheter laser balloon ablation from the coronary sinus in a canine model, proving that the procedure is feasible for the potential ablation of left-sided accessory pathways. We now report the effects of percutaneous transcatheter laser balloon ablation in a chronic canine model. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty adult mongrel dogs were studied. After baseline coronary arteriography, left ventriculography, and coronary sinus angiography were obtained, 15 dogs received two or three consecutive laser doses from the coronary sinus of 30-40 W for 15-30 seconds, for a total cumulative energy of 1,200-2,400 J. The five remaining animals underwent a procedure consisting of balloon sham inflation without laser exposure and served as controls. After a mean follow-up of 6 weeks, the angiographic procedures were repeated, and the animals were killed. The mean extent of the fibrotic lesion was 15 mm long, 6 mm wide, and 4.5 mm deep and involved the coronary sinus wall, atrium, and, frequently, the summit of the posterior left ventricular wall. Six animals (four in the study group and two in the control group) showed asymptomatic narrowing of the coronary sinus lumen but always with total angiographic reconstitution due to extensive collateral circulation. The circumflex artery and mitral valve were intact angiographically and histologically in all animals. CONCLUSIONS Percutaneous transcatheter laser balloon ablation via the coronary sinus produces a lesion that may be anatomically well suited for left-sided accessory pathway ablation. Although coronary sinus narrowing may occur, adverse physiological effects are unlikely due to the development of extensive collateral circulation. Systematic clinical studies of this new approach to catheter ablation appear warranted.