tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increasing Stair Use
Authors: Anna B. Reisman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters6 April 1999Increasing Stair UseAnna B. Reisman, MD and Cary P. Gross, MDAnna B. Reisman, MDEast Baltimore Medical Center; Baltimore, MD 21202 (Reisman)Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21287 (Gross)Search for more papers by this author and Cary P. Gross, MDEast Baltimore Medical Center; Baltimore, MD 21202 (Reisman)Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21287 (Gross)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-7-199904060-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although the notion of encouraging stair-climbing in a mall as a simple, inexpensive community intervention is appealing, Andersen and colleagues (1) do not provide evidence supporting the efficacy of climbing one flight of stairs as beneficial to health. As an alternative to uninterrupted physical activity, the American Heart Association recommends “short periods of moderate-intensity” exercise consisting of 5- or 10-minute activities that add up to 30 minutes a day (2). We found no data showing that extremely brief spurts of activity—for example, climbing one flight of stairs—contribute meaningfully to the total. At best, we are concerned that ...References1. Andersen RE, Franckowiak SC, Snyder J, Bartlett SJ, Fontaine KR. Can inexpensive signs encourage the use of stairs? Results from a community intervention. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:363-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Fletcher GF, Balady G, Blair SN, Blumenthal J, Caspersen CJ, Chaitman B, et al . Statement on exercise: benefits and recommendations for physical activity programs for all Americans. A statement for health professionals by the Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association. Circulation. 1996;94:857-62. MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: East Baltimore Medical Center; Baltimore, MD 21202 (Reisman)Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD 21287 (Gross) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCan Inexpensive Signs Encourage the Use of Stairs? Results from a Community Intervention Ross E. Andersen , Shawn C. Franckowiak , Julia Snyder , Susan J. Bartlett , and Kevin R. Fontaine Metrics Cited ByPoint-of-Decision Prompts to Increase Stair UseEffect of health-promoting posters placed on the platforms of two train stations in Copenhagen, Denmark, on the choice between taking the stairs or the escalators: a secondary publication 6 April 1999Volume 130, Issue 7Page: 616-617KeywordsBehaviorClimbingExerciseHeartHip Issue Published: 6 April 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Vascular Origin of a Soluble Truncated Form of the Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (c-met)
Authors: Nadeem Wajih, Jennifer Walter, David C. Sane
Journal: Circulation Research (2002)

Hepatocyte growth factor (scatter factor) is an angiogenic growth factor that binds to its cellular transmembrane receptor, c-met. Both HGF and c-met are expressed by vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, where HGF may exert autocrine and paracrine effects. We have found that human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) release a soluble, truncated form of c-met. Receptor shedding was induced by treatment of the cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and by the ligand, HGF. Shedding was inhibited by cycloheximide, a metalloproteinase inhibitor, and protein kinase C inhibitors. The soluble form of c-met was able to bind HGF, although with reduced affinity (K d ≈10 nmol/L) compared with the membrane bound receptor. Conditioned medium containing soluble c-met inhibited the induction of Akt phosphorylation by HGF in HUVECs. The soluble truncated form of c-met was detectable in the plasma of 5 healthy volunteers. The shedding of c-met may represent a novel mechanism for regulating the mitogenic, motogenic, and morphogenic effects of hepatocyte growth factor.
Legal action delays ban on tobacco displays in Scotland
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Legal action by the tobacco industry has forced the Scottish government to delay implementing a ban on displays of cigarettes and other tobacco products in supermarkets and large stores.

Imperial Tobacco has already lost a legal challenge to the legislation that introduced the ban in Scotland ( BMJ 2010;341:c5473; doi 10.1136/bmj.c5473). It is now appealing that decision and a final ruling is not expected until later this year. 

The ban was due to be introduced on 1 October for large retailers but, given …
CHANGE IN LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION MEASURED BY CIRCUMFERENTIAL STRAIN IS A SENSITIVE MARKER OF CHANGES IN PULMONARY HEMODYNAMICS AND RIGHT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Gabriela Querejeta Roca, Patricia Campbell, Robyn Barst, Deborah Quinn, Scott D. Solomon, Shah M. Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
In the Spotlight: Biomedical Signal Processing — A Well Established Discipline or a Paradigm to Promising Integrated Visions?
Authors: S. Cerutti
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2009)

Biomedical signals carry fundamental information about the nature and the status of the living systems under study. A proper processing of these signals obtains useful physiological and clinical information. A closer integration between signal processing and modeling of the relevant biological systems is capable to directly attribute pathophysiological meaning to the parameters obtained from the processing and vice versa. Another issue of great interest in which BSP plays an important role is the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) or Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) where fast and reliable signal processing approaches are fundamental for a practical implementation. The physiological mechanisms underlying these heart rate variability findings are supposed to be related to stochastic processes at the cellular level, to influence of respiration on the heart rate, and to the interactions of the multiple feedback loops regulating the cardiovascular system. Another important area in which BSP plays a pivotal role is the "computational genomics and proteomics." It is true that "traditional" biomedical engineering studies biomedical signals which are obtained at the level of the major physiological systems.
Effect of Chlorpromazine on Renal Haemodynamics and Function in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: G. Szabo, F. Solti, J. Rev, K. Megyesi
Journal: BMJ (1957)

RUPTURED DIAPHRAGM BDA<H 865 ruptured diaphragm.It is probable that there was a left subphrenic abscess at about the same time and that infection from this site tracked up through the foramen of Blokdalec into the chest.This would account for the inflammatory mass at the posterior aspect of the left chest at the site of the first paracentesis and for the subsequent softening, and finally the rupture, of the diaphragm and the sudden passage of the stomach into the chest.
The evolution of computation in brain circuitry
Authors: Richard Granger
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

The attempt to derive mental function from brain structure is highly constrained by study of the allometric changes among brain components with evolution. In particular, even if homologous structures in different species produce similar computations, they may be constituents of larger systems (e.g., cortical-subcortical loops) that exhibit different composite operations as a function of relative size and connectivity in different-sized brains. The resulting evolutionary constraints set useful and specific conditions on candidate hypotheses of brain circuit computation.
Delivering New Data: Local Traffic Pollution and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Julia R. Barrett
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Greenhouse gas emissions are widely acknowledged to be contributing to climate change-related health effects that vary by location, and are expected to continue doing so for many years, even if substantial emission cuts occur.A workgroup of the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists has identified a set of indicators that it says will allow national and local officials in the United States to better predict any such changes and consequences and to take appropriate action as it becomes warranted [EHP 117:1673-1681; English et al.].The team also identified the data needed for tracking these indicators and ascertained whether the data exist, must be improved, or must be generated.They say this is the first effort to synthesize and evaluate related information published by many sources.The team determined the best indicators of environmental changes due to climate change are quantity of greenhouse gas emissions, air quality (in particular ozone), air mass stagnation events (such as those caused by temperature inversions), temperature and humidity, pollen loads, ragweed occurrence, drought incidence, drinking water scarcity, and occurrence of wildfires and harmful algal blooms.Data for some of these indicators are strong and/or expected to improve soon, as in the case of greenhouse gases, temperature, air mass stagnation events, and drought.Data on other indicators, such as pollen, harmful algal blooms, and ozone, require substantial improvement.For indicators of human death and illness, the authors recommend tracking
Relation of common allelic variation at vitamin D receptor locus to bone mineral density and postmenopausal bone loss: cross sectional and longitudinal population study
Authors: H L Jorgensen, J Scholler, J C Sand, M Bjuring, C Hassager, C Christiansen
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To determine whether common allelic variation at the vitamin D receptor locus is related to bone mineral density and postmenopausal bone loss.Cross sectional and longitudinal population study.Outpatient clinic in research centre.599 healthy women aged 27 to 72 and 125 women with low bone mass aged 55-77 had bone mineral density measured once in the cross sectional study. 136 women aged 45-54 were followed up for 18 years in the longitudinal study.Bone mineral density measured at the lumbar spine, hip, and forearm and rate of bone loss at different times over 18 years in relation to vitamin D receptor genotype as defined by the endonucleases ApaI, EsmI, and TaqI.Vitamin D receptor genotype was not related to bone mineral density at any site. The maximum difference between homozygotes was 1.3% (P = 0.33, n = 723). Women with low bone mineral density had almost the same genotype frequencies as the women with normal bone mineral densities. Vitamin D receptor genotype was not related to early postmenopausal bone loss from age 51 to 53 (mean (SD) total loss at the lower forearm -3.6% (3.6%)), late postmenopausal bone loss from age 63 to 69 (at the hip-6.2% (8.7%)), or to long term postmenopausal loss from age 51 to 69 (at the lower forearm-24.5% (11.4%)).Common allelic variation at the vitamin D receptor locus as defined by the endonucleases ApaI, EsmI, and TaqI is related neither to bone mineral density nor to the rate of bone loss in healthy postmenopausal Danish women.
Activation Mechanism of Anticoagulant Protein C in Large Blood Vessels Involving the Endothelial Cell Protein C Receptor
Authors: Kenji Fukudome, Xiaofen Ye, Naoko Tsuneyoshi, Osamu Tokunaga, Keishin Sugawara, Hiroshi Mizokami, Masao Kimoto
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Protein C is an important regulatory mechanism of blood coagulation. Protein C functions as an anticoagulant when converted to the active serine protease form on the endothelial cell surface. Thrombomodulin (TM), an endothelial cell surface receptor specific for thrombin, has been identified as an essential component for protein C activation. Although protein C can be activated directly by the thrombin–TM complex, the conversion is known as a relatively low-affinity reaction. Therefore, protein C activation has been believed to occur only in microcirculation. On the other hand, we have identified and cloned a novel endothelial cell surface receptor (EPCR) that is capable of high-affinity binding of protein C and activated protein C. In this study, we demonstrate the constitutive, endothelial cell–specific expression of EPCR in vivo. Abundant expression was particularly detected in the aorta and large arteries. In vitro cultured, arterial endothelial cells were also found to express abundant EPCR and were capable of promoting significant levels of protein C activation. EPCR was found to greatly accelerate protein C activation by examining functional activity in transfected cell lines expressing EPCR and/or TM. EPCR decreased the dissociation constant and increased the maximum velocity for protein C activation mediated by the thrombin–TM complex. By these mechanisms, EPCR appears to enable significant levels of protein C activation in large vessels. These results suggest that the protein C anticoagulation pathway is important for the regulation of blood coagulation not only in microvessels but also in large vessels.
Lead poisoning among young children in Russia: concurrent evaluation of childhood lead exposure in Ekaterinburg, Krasnouralsk, and Volgograd.
Authors: Carol H Rubin, Emilio Esteban, Dori B Reissman, W Randolph Daley, Gary P Noonan, Adam Karpati, Elena Gurvitch, Sergio V Kuzmin, Larissa I Privalova, Alexander Zukov, Alexander Zlepko
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission encouraged a binational collaboration to evaluate pediatric lead poisoning in Russia. The study evaluated children in three Russian cities: Krasnouralsk, a small city with minimal traffic centered around a copper smelter; and Ekaterinburg and Volgograd, both of which are large cities with multiple factories and heavy vehicular traffic. This project was the first international use of portable blood lead analysis instruments. In each city, at least 90% of children attending selected neighborhood kindergartens participated. We selected kindergartens on the basis of their proximity to industrial areas and major traffic corridors. We obtained capillary blood samples and analyzed for lead content and hemoglobin (Hgb) levels in the field, and collected environmental samples (i.e., indoor dust, tap water, play area soil, and interior and exterior paint) and analyzed for each participating school and in the homes of about 10% of the children who had elevated blood lead levels (BLLs; greater than or equal to 10 microg/dL). We calculated all age-, sex-, and city-specific geometric means using generalized estimating equations to account for covariance within kindergartens, and used multivariate logistic regression models to identify variables predictive of elevated BLLs. Overall, 23% of study children had elevated BLLs and 2% were anemic, defined as Hgb < 11 g/dL. Krasnouralsk had the highest geometric mean BLL (10.7 microg/dL), the highest percentage of children (60%) with elevated BLLs, and the highest percentage of anemic children (4%). All soil samples in Krasnouralsk had detectable lead levels. Volgograd was the only city that had paint samples with elevated lead levels. We found apparent city-specific differences in the percentages of children with elevated BLLs. Lead-contaminated soil and dust, which can result from lead-based automotive fuel and from lead-related industrial emissions, appear to be the most important routes of lead exposure of those evaluated in this study. Elevated lead levels found in paint samples from Volgograd may indicate old undercoats of lead-based paint that could represent a regionally rather than nationally important source of exposure.
Pulmonary resection for localized lesions of cryptococcosis (torulosis): a review of eight cases.
Authors: F S Smith, P Gibson, T T Nicholls, J A Simpson
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Torulosis is an uncommon, but potentially lethal disease. The aim of this report is to indicate that resection of isolated pulmonary lesions due to torulosis is a safe procedure. Resection has proved useful in the definitive diagnosis and treatment of eight cases seen in this thoracic surgical unit.
Video Recording of Medical Procedures
Authors: Astrid A. M. van der Veldt, Sebastiaan A. Kleijn, Prabath W. Nanayakkara
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunolocalization of elastase in human emphysematous lungs.
Authors: V V Damiano, A Tsang, U Kucich, W R Abrams, J Rosenbloom, P Kimbel, M Fallahnejad, G Weinbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

The current working hypothesis concerning the pathogenesis of human pulmonary emphysema proposes that neutrophils migrate through the alveolar interstitium and degranulate, releasing proteolytic enzymes into the interstitium. These enzymes, in particular elastase, can bind to and degrade interstitial elastin. This report describes an immunohistochemical, ultrastructural technique that utilizes polyclonal antibodies to localize neutrophil elastase in human lungs. Using both the immunoperoxidase and the immunogold methods on thin, embedded sections of surgically resected human emphysematous lung tissue, elastase was localized in neutrophils in the lung interstitium and extracellularly in association with interstitial elastic fibers in human lungs that showed local emphysema of varying severity. Quantitative morphometric data were obtained from the lungs of eight patients undergoing lobectomy for removal of pulmonary carcinomas. Patients had preoperative forced expiratory volume (FEV1)% levels ranging from 55 to 77. There was a correlation between a quantitative measure of the local distribution of neutrophil elastase in contact with alveolar interstitial elastin and the local presence of emphysematous change as determined by mean linear intercept of the various histologic sections. These data support the validity of the "protease-protease inhibitor balance hypothesis" as an explanation of the pathogenesis of human pulmonary emphysema.
Gastric manometric abnormalities in patients with dyspeptic symptoms after fundoplication.
Authors: V Stanghellini, J R Malagelada
Journal: Gut (1983)

We describe six patients in whom severe dyspeptic symptoms developed after fundoplication. The symptoms began immediately after operation (three patients) or shortly thereafter (three and eight months). There were no other known predisposing factors to gastroparesis. Seven, age-matched, healthy volunteers served as controls. Pressure activity from antrum (two sites), duodenum (two sites), and jejunum (one site) was recorded by a low compliance perfusion system connected to external strain gauge transducers. Activity was recorded for three hours during fasting and for two hours after the ingestion of a solid and a liquid meal. To determine whether an inadvertent vagotomy had been performed, basal acid output and the response to insulin (Hollander's test) were measured on a separate day. Manometric studies revealed postprandial hypomotility in these patients, whereas fasting antral and intestinal activities were normal. Acid output increased in all patients during insulin induced hypoglycaemia. In three patients, an antrectomy was subsequently performed, and they were relieved of their symptoms. We conclude that, after fundoplication, symptoms associated with postprandial antral hypomotility may develop in some patients. The pathophysiologic mechanism is unknown, but a positive acid response to insulin induced hypoglycaemia does not support the occurrence of incidental vagotomy. We do not know the prevalence of this motor abnormality among asymptomatic patients with prior fundoplication. A favourable symptomatic response to antrectomy in several of our patients, however, suggests that the symptoms were related to antral motor dysfunction.
Mental Health After Deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan—Reply
Authors: Charles W. Hoge, Jennifer L. Auchterlonie, Charles S. Milliken
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Catherine Margaret Hall
Authors: D. L. Kendall, M. Skae
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Catherine Margaret Hall began her career in medicine at St Andrews University Medical School in 1982, obtaining a BSc in medical science in 1985. She completed her clinical training at the University of Manchester Medical School, graduating with honours in 1988, after receiving a number of prizes in medicine, community medicine, and general practice, and a scholarship for her elective. During her time at university, Catherine was also a keen debater and qualified for the final of the university world debating championships.

Catherine …