tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CD20 up-regulation in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia during induction treatment: setting the stage for anti-CD20 directed immunotherapy
Authors: Michael N. Dworzak, Angela Schumich, Dieter Printz, Ulrike Pötschger, Zvenyslava Husak, Andishe Attarbaschi, Giuseppe Basso, Giuseppe Gaipa, Richard Ratei, Georg Mann, Helmut Gadner
Journal: Blood (2008)
A Lecture on the Treatment of Catarrh and Bronchitis
Authors: G. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1869)

AN ordinary catarrh, although not a dangerous or a very serious disease, is yet, with many persons, an oft recurring malady, which occasions a great amount of discomfort and annoyance both to the patient and to his associates; and, as treatment has considerable influence upon the progress of the disorder, it is worth while to give the subject careful consideration.The exciting cause of a catarrh, in the great majority of cases, is a chill, or some unknown atmospheric influence, which tends to suppress the action of the skin; and the most successful plan of treatment con- sists in the employment of means for restoring the free action of the skin.The popular domestic treatment consists in the use of a hot foot-bath at bed-time, a fire in the bed-room, a warm bed, and some hot drink taken after getting into bed, the diaphoretic action being assisted by an extra amount of bed-clothes.Complete immersion in a warm bath is more efficacious than a foot-bath; but the free action of the skin is much more certainly obtained by the influence of hot air-most surely and profusely, perhaps, by the Turkish bath.The Turkish bath, how- ever, is not always to be had, and, even when available, its use in the treatment of catarrh is attended with some inconvenience.In * "All conclusions drawn from the memory are, observes Malgaigne, horribly fallacious; and it is, he adds, to their employment that we owe the astonishing delu- sions almost generally professed regardmg the real danger or fatality of amputa- tions.
Hot flushes and cold turkey.
Authors: J Selwyn Crawford
Journal: BMJ (1977)

ratios above 1:1 at about 32 weeks "would probably have been induced at 32 weeks' gestation; but combining such serious pre- maturity with severe haemolytic disease had resulted in almost a 400% neonatal mortality."It seems that you misread this very easily understood statement.It is a pity that your readers should be thus misinformed.
The Man with Stars Inside
Authors: Paul Rousseau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 December 1997The Man with Stars InsidePaul Rousseau, MDPaul Rousseau, MDVeterans Affairs Medical Center; Phoenix, AZ 85012Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00042 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Coulehan's perspective on physician-assisted suicide and palliative care emphasizes again the pertinence of communication in end-of-life situations [1]. Coulehan astutely identifies poor communication between physicians and patients as a precipitant of inadequate palliative care, but his comment that failed communication results from a lack of empathy and respect may be misguided and somewhat inflammatory. Although I acknowledge that empathy and respect certainly encourage improved communication with the dying, poor physician communication is more likely to arise from several causes, of which the social background and training of physicians are probably most important [2]. When poor communications skills ...References1. Coulehan J. The man with stars inside. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:799-802. Google Scholar2. Rousseau PC. Whose death is it, anyway? Ann Intern Med. 1977; 126:585-6. Google Scholar3. Lynn J. An 88-year-old woman facing the end of life. JAMA. 1997; 277:1633-40. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul Rousseau, MDAffiliations: Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Phoenix, AZ 85012 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 12Page: 1137-1138KeywordsEmotionsFearMortalityPalliative carePatientsSuicide ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
SELF-SUPPORTING SANATORIUMS FOR CONSUMPTION AMONG THE WORKING CLASSES
Authors: None Helena, A. W. West, E. D. White
Journal: BMJ (1905)

tWnif¢Lafndtorinum-'or the care and cure of consumptives.Sconfldjy, that-the 'Association encourage the for-mation of locaU0o601ties,the objects of whieh are to be: *(#)De> leotifunda for the maintenance of a consumption sanatorium.
Spontaneous intramural rupture of the oesophagus.
Authors: C Steadman, P Kerlin, F Crimmins, J Bell, D Robinson, L Dorrington, A McIntyre
Journal: Gut (1990)

The clinical, endoscopic, and radiological features of seven patients with an uncommon oesophageal injury characterised by long lacerations of the oesophageal mucosa with haematoma formation but without perforation are reported. The injuries were not related to forceful vomiting or any other definable cause but were similar to those previously described as intramural oesophageal rupture. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy undertaken to identify the cause of haematemesis in six patients proved safe and useful. When dysphagia and odynophagia occurred early in the clinical course to alert the clinician to possible oesophageal injury, radiological contrast studies were used to exclude perforation. One patient in this study had oesophageal cavernocapillary haemangiomatosis which may have caused intramural oesophageal bleeding and submucosal dissection but in the remainder the aetiology of intramural oesophageal rupture remains uncertain. Conservative management was successful in all patients.
Effects of Drugs and of Counterpulsation on Myocardial Oxygen Consumption
Authors: EUGENE BRAUNWALD, JAMES W. COVELL, PETER R. MAROKO, JOHN ROSS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

A series of investigations on the determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption were reviewed and their relevance to the survival and function of ischemic tissue in the presence of coronary occlusion pointed out. Tension development, contractile state of the myocardium, and heart rate are the most important factors influencing cardiac oxygen consumption, and drugs commonly used in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction appear to influence oxygen consumption by acting upon these three determinants. Thus, digitalis glycosides and sympathomimetic agents tend to increase myocardial oxygen requirements, since they improve the heart's inotropic state. However, this influence may be offset in the enlarged heart in which end-diastolic volume and tension are reduced. Agents which depress the heart exert the opposite effect. Electrocardiographic changes reflecting myocardial ischemia are intensified when isoproterenol is administered following coronary ligation. Synchronized arterial counterpulsation reduces myocardial tension development and therefore oxygen consumption. An augmentation of myocardial oxygen needs in the presence of coronary occlusion may be expected to increase the size of the necrotic zone and to impair the function of the ischemic zone, while a reduction of oxygen consumption may be expected to exert the opposite effect.
Neuro-ophthalmology 1982
Authors: Thomas R. Hedges
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<i>Neuro-ophthalmology 1982</i>, edited by J. Lawton Smith, continues the series of updates presented along with his<i>Neuro-ophthalmology</i>tapes and the new (1981) journal designed to present this subspecialty to the average ophthalmologist. As Dr Smith points out in his preface, neuro-ophthalmology can well be "15 to 20%" of any practice of general ophthalmology, and it is to these practitioners that the book is directed. To this end, Smith has included an interesting group of neuro-ophthalmologic articles, 27 in all, many of which have been or are being published in the new journal,<i>The Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology</i>, which he edits. He also presents a brief but pertinent checklist of "New Pearls," a capsule review of the latest developments in the field. He further seeks to clarify the subject by including rather extensive editorial remarks, which include comments concerning the papers and references to other material on the subject. There can be
NI-03 * DSC-MRI MEASURES OF rCBV PREDICT TUMOR CHARACTERISTICS BEYOND STANDARD HISTOPATHOLOGY
Authors: M. Al-Gizawiy, M. Prah, W. Mueller, P. LaViolette, K. Schmainda
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Preoperative advanced MR imaging techniques, like DWI/DTI and DSC, provide significant structural and functional information about tumor biology. Still, histopathological evaluation of biopsy samples remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of brain tumors. Here we present the use of standardized RCBV (sRCBV) in conjunction with intraoperative navigation for astrocytoma grading. This is the first comparison between tissue type and grade and measures of RCBV using spatially correlated imaging and tissue samples. METHODS: Histopathological findings of 107 tissue specimens from 32 adult patients were studied: non-tumor control tissue (n = 28), WHO Grade 2 Astrocytoma (n = 11), WHO Grade 3 Astrocytoma (n = 11), WHO Grade 4 Astrocytoma/GBM (new: n = 22; recurrent: n = 22; mixed: n = 13). Preoperative (≤ 3 months) DSC-MRI and T1 + C images were co-registered to MR Imaging uploaded for surgical navigation. Guided by intraoperative MRI snapshots of the tissue sampling site, a 3 mm spherical region of interest was drawn manually on pre-operative T1 + C images. Leakage-corrected sRCBV values were determined from raw DSC data. Statistical sample independence was confirmed before conducting statistical analyses. RESULTS: Standardized RCBV significantly distinguished tumor from non-tumor controls with robust sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, sRCBV differentiated between Grade 2 and newly diagnosed Grade 4 astrocytomas, as well as between newly diagnosed, recurring, and mixed GBMs with strong sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, sRCBV revealed two statistically distinct patient populations in Grade 3 and newly diagnosed Grade 4 astrocytomas. Although not statistically significant, the median progression-free survival from initial diagnosis (surgery) for Grade 3 astrocytoma and newly diagnosed GBM patients with low sRCBV values was longer (73 days and 62 days, respectively) than for patients with high sRCBV values, regardless of treatment. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that preoperative sRCBV has the potential to predict tumor characteristics beyond standard histopathology, making it an important supplementary indicator of tumor aggression.
The Diagnosis of Hyperparathyroidism (or What to Do until the Immunoassay Comes)
Authors: Lawrence G. Raisz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

PHYSICIANS should be more concerned about making the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. It is relatively common, and routine screening of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus concentrations will uncover many patients with abnormal values. The immunoassay for parathyroid-hormone concentration in the blood, currently under development, will eventually provide us with a primary diagnostic test.1,2 But from experience with other primary diagnostic tests in endocrine disease we can predict that although immunoassays may improve diagnostic accuracy, they will not replace other diagnostic procedures. For one thing, there will be considerable overlap of values between patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, . . .
The death of the classics
Authors: T. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The new film of Terence Rattigan's play The Browning Version will bring home to cinemagoers how recently study of the classics — ancient Greek and Roman authors — dominated education in British schools. When I was a schoolboy in the 1940s we were all taught Latin and the academic high flyers were put under pressure to join the classical stream. At Oxford and Cambridge study of the classics was the most prestigious choice, and classics dons justified their dominance by the argument that their disciplines taught an unrivalled intellectual rigour, fitting graduates to excel in any occupation. Those with first …
A controlled trial of glycopyrronium and l-hyoscyamine in the long-term treatment of duodenal ulcer
Authors: M. D. Kaye, J. Rhodes, P. Beck, P. M. Sweetnam, G. T. Davies, K. T. Evans
Journal: Gut (1970)

A controlled single-blind trial has been carried out to determine the value of long-term anticholinergic therapy in duodenal ulcer. Of 106 male patients with symptomatic and radiologically proven duodenal ulcer admitted to the trial, 91 completed the study. Patients were divided randomly into three groups. They received either glycopyrronium, or 1-hyoscyamine in a sustained-release form, or inert tablets for one year. Progress was judged on the basis of frequency and severity of symptoms, monthly assessments by patients, antacid consumption, and radiology. By all criteria, glycopyrronium and 1-hyoscyamine were not significantly superior to placebo. Symptomatic improvement, both subjective and objective, occurred in approximately 80% of all patients during the year of observation; there was no significant difference between the groups.
Incidence of Congenital Malformations and Their Relation to Virus Infections During Pregnancy
Authors: W. P. D. Logan
Journal: BMJ (1951)

deaths 10% were of infants in their first day of life, 36% between 1 day and 4 weeks, 28% between 4 weeks and 1 year, 10% between 1 and 15 years, and 16% at
Influence of beta-adrenergic blockade on glucose-induced thermogenesis in man.
Authors: K Acheson, E Jéquier, J Wahren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

The role of beta-adrenergically mediated sympathetic nervous activity in the regulation of glucose-induced thermogenesis was examined in healthy male subjects. Respiratory gas exchange was measured continuously, using the ventilated hood technique, under conditions of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia (glucose clamp technique, insulin infusion 1 mU/kg per min, glucose levels 125 mg/dl above basal) before and after beta-adrenergic blockade (i.v. propranolol, 3-mg bolus plus 0.1 mg/min for 2 h). After 2 h of insulin and glucose infusion in series 1, glucose uptake had increased to 23.5 +/- 2.3 mg/kg per min and insulin concentration to 199 +/- 21 microU/ml. Simultaneously, the energy expenditure had risen by 0.39 +/- 0.05 kcal/min above basal. After propranolol administration, glucose uptake did not change, while energy expenditure fell significantly, to a level 0.28 +/- 0.04 kcal/min above basal. The glucose-induced thermogenesis (GIT) was 6.5 +/- 0.3% before and 4.6 +/- 0.5% (P less than 0.02) after propranolol. In series 2, insulin and glucose infusion was continued for 4 h without propranolol administration. Glucose uptake rose (+12%) and insulin levels increased (+40%) between the 2nd and 4th h but energy expenditure and GIT remained unchanged. Subjects in series 3 received saline infusion alone for 3 h, at which time propranolol administration as in series 1 was added during a further 2-h period. No changes in energy expenditure were seen during saline or propranolol infusion. These data demonstrate the presence of a beta-adrenergically mediated sympathetic nervous component in glucose-induced thermogenesis in healthy human subjects. This factor may be of importance in the regulation of normal body weight in man.
Macrophages are required for neonatal heart regeneration
Authors: Arin B. Aurora, Enzo R. Porrello, Wei Tan, Ahmed I. Mahmoud, Joseph A. Hill, Rhonda Bassel-Duby, Hesham A. Sadek, Eric N. Olson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to cardiomyocyte death, which triggers an immune response that clears debris and restores tissue integrity. In the adult heart, the immune system facilitates scar formation, which repairs the damaged myocardium but compromises cardiac function. In neonatal mice, the heart can regenerate fully without scarring following MI; however, this regenerative capacity is lost by P7. The signals that govern neonatal heart regeneration are unknown. By comparing the immune response to MI in mice at P1 and P14, we identified differences in the magnitude and kinetics of monocyte and macrophage responses to injury. Using a cell-depletion model, we determined that heart regeneration and neoangiogenesis following MI depends on neonatal macrophages. Neonates depleted of macrophages were unable to regenerate myocardia and formed fibrotic scars, resulting in reduced cardiac function and angiogenesis. Immunophenotyping and gene expression profiling of cardiac macrophages from regenerating and nonregenerating hearts indicated that regenerative macrophages have a unique polarization phenotype and secrete numerous soluble factors that may facilitate the formation of new myocardium. Our findings suggest that macrophages provide necessary signals to drive angiogenesis and regeneration of the neonatal mouse heart. Modulating inflammation may provide a key therapeutic strategy to support heart regeneration.
The Src and c-Kit kinase inhibitor dasatinib enhances p53-mediated targeting of human acute myeloid leukemia stem cells by chemotherapeutic agents
Authors: Cedric Dos Santos, Tinisha McDonald, Yin Wei Ho, Hongjun Liu, Allen Lin, Stephen J. Forman, Ya-Huei Kuo, Ravi Bhatia
Journal: Blood (2013)
THE SALICYLATES IN ACUTE RHEUMATISM.
Authors: JAMES J. WALSH
Journal: JAMA (1903)

It is generally conceded that the salicylates in some form constitute the most satisfactory remedy for acute rheumatism. These drugs are no longer considered a specific for rheumatism in the sense that quinin is a specific for malaria, but they have some very definite action with regard to the general symptom-complex known as acute articular rheumatism that makes the patient more comfortable than any other set of remedies. It is even allowable, in a certain sense, to use the expression that the employment of salicylates constitutes a therapeutic test for true rheumatism. The salicylates do not affect secondary infectious complications of joint structures, due either to the pus cocci, or to the influenza bacillus, or to the microbe of mumps or other such affections, nor to the arthritis that is due to the gonococcus. It is true they do not affect all cases of rheumatism favorably. But there is
Insect growth regulators and insect control: a critical appraisal.
Authors: J B Siddall
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Insect growth regulators (IGRs) of the juvenile hormone type alter physiological processes essential to insect development and appear to act specifically on insects. Three natural juvenile hormones have been found in insects but not in other organisms. Future use of antagonists or inhibitors of hormone synthesis may be technically possible as an advantageous extension of pest control by IGRs. A documented survey of the properties, metabolism, toxicology, and uses of the most commercially advanced chemical, methoprene, shows it to be environmentally acceptable and toxicologically innocuous. Derivation of its current use patterns is discussed and limitations on these are noted. Residue levels and their measurement in the ppb region have allowed exemption from the requirement of tolerances in the EPA registered use of methoprene for mosquito control. Tolerances for foods accompany its fully approved use for control of manure breeding flies through a cattle feed supplement. The human health effects of using this chemical appear to be purely beneficial, but further advances through new IGR chemicals appear unlikely without major changes in regulatory and legislative policy.
THE EFFECT OF SULFAPYRIDINE UPON THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNITY TO PNEUMOCOCCUS IN RABBITS
Authors: Edward C. Curnen, Colin M. MacLeod
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

1. Sulfapyridine, administered to rabbits during the period of developing immunity after a single intravenous injection of heat-killed Pneumococcus Type I, exerted no influence upon the immune response. 2. Active immunity as indicated by increased resistance to homologous intradermal infection was present 48 hours after the immunizing injection and 2 days before circulating type specific antibodies were detectable. 3. Of the serological techniques employed for the detection of circulating antibody the mouse protective test yielded the highest percentage of positive results followed in order by tests for type specific agglutinins and precipitins, the latter being least satisfactory for the detection of small amounts of antibody.
Hematocrit and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the Pima Indians
Authors: Marshall K. Tulloch-Reid, Robert L. Hanson, Aramesh Saremi, Helen C. Looker, Desmond E. Williams, Jonathan Krakoff, William C. Knowler
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Several prospective studies have shown that a high hematocrit (or hemoglobin) predicts type 2 diabetes (1–6). However, the reasons for this association have not been fully explored.

Hematocrit has been positively correlated with hyperinsulinemia and conditions associated with insulin resistance such as high blood pressure, elevated serum triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and central obesity and could therefore be associated with insulin resistance (7,8). On the other hand, hematocrit is also a major determinant of blood viscosity (9). An elevated blood viscosity is thought to contribute to the development of insulin resistance by reducing blood flow to skeletal muscle, thereby interfering with insulin-mediated glucose uptake in this tissue (10).

The aim of this study was to examine the association between hematocrit and type 2 diabetes incidence in the Pima Indians and to determine whether any association between hematocrit and diabetes incidence was altered by adjustment for fasting insulin.

The population studied was part of an ongoing epidemiological study of diabetes that has been conducted in the Gila River Indian community since 1965 (11). Subjects selected for analysis were ≥20 years old; had height, weight, and hematocrit measurements; …
Disruption of vascular Ca2+-activated chloride currents lowers blood pressure
Authors: Christoph Heinze, Anika Seniuk, Maxim V. Sokolov, Antje K. Huebner, Agnieszka E. Klementowicz, István A. Szijártó, Johanna Schleifenbaum, Helga Vitzthum, Maik Gollasch, Heimo Ehmke, Björn C. Schroeder, Christian A. Hübner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

High blood pressure is the leading risk factor for death worldwide. One of the hallmarks is a rise of peripheral vascular resistance, which largely depends on arteriole tone. Ca2+-activated chloride currents (CaCCs) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are candidates for increasing vascular contractility. We analyzed the vascular tree and identified substantial CaCCs in VSMCs of the aorta and carotid arteries. CaCCs were small or absent in VSMCs of medium-sized vessels such as mesenteric arteries and larger retinal arterioles. In small vessels of the retina, brain, and skeletal muscle, where contractile intermediate cells or pericytes gradually replace VSMCs, CaCCs were particularly large. Targeted disruption of the calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A, also known as ANO1, in VSMCs, intermediate cells, and pericytes eliminated CaCCs in all vessels studied. Mice lacking vascular TMEM16A had lower systemic blood pressure and a decreased hypertensive response following vasoconstrictor treatment. There was no difference in contractility of medium-sized mesenteric arteries; however, responsiveness of the aorta and small retinal arterioles to the vasoconstriction-inducing drug U46619 was reduced. TMEM16A also was required for peripheral blood vessel contractility, as the response to U46619 was attenuated in isolated perfused hind limbs from mutant mice. Out data suggest that TMEM16A plays a general role in arteriolar and capillary blood flow and is a promising target for the treatment of hypertension.