tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia after Therapy with Alkylating Agents for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Mark H. Greene, John D. Boice, Benjamin E. Greer, John A. Blessing, Alon J. Dembo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We evaluated the occurrence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANL) among 1399 women with ovarian cancer who were treated in five randomized clinical trials. Of the 1399 women, 998 had been treated with alkylating agents, and among these, 12 cases of ANL were observed; the expected number was 0.11. Ten patients with ANL had received melphalan, and two chlorambucil. ANL was not observed in 401 women who had been treated with surgery or radiation or both, without alkylating agents. The excess risk of ANL that was associated with alkylating-agent therapy was 5.8 cases per 1000 women per year, and the cumulative seven-year risk of ANL among patients who were treated with chemotherapy alone was indistinguishable from that observed in patients receiving both radiation and chemotherapy. A positive correlation between initial drug dose and the risk of ANL was suggested. These data underscore the need to assess other cytotoxic agents and regimens of drug administration to identify those that do not have harmful late effects.
Community based integrated intervention for prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Guangdong, China: cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Y. Zhou, G. Hu, D. Wang, S. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Liu, J. Hu, Z. Shi, G. Peng, S. Liu, J. Lu, J. Zheng, J. Wang, N. Zhong, P. Ran
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the effects of a community based integrated intervention for early prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China. <b>Design</b> Cluster randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Eight healthcare units in two communities. <b>Participants</b> Of 1062 people aged 40-89, 872 (101 with COPD and 771 without COPD) who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were allocated to the intervention or the usual care programmes. <b>Intervention</b> Participants randomly assigned to integrated intervention (systematic health education, intensive and individualised intervention, treatment, and rehabilitation) or usual care. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Annual rate of decline in forced expiratory rate in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) before use of bronchodilator. <b>Results</b> Annual rate of decline in FEV<sub>1</sub> was significantly lower in the intervention community than the control community, with an adjusted difference of 19 ml/year (95% confidence interval 3 to 36) and 0.9% (0.1% to 1.8%) of predicted values (all P&lt;0.05), as well as a lower annual rate of decline in FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio (adjusted difference 0.6% (0.1% to 1.2%) P=0.029). There were also higher rates of smoking cessation (21% <i>v</i> 8%, P&lt;0.004) and lower cumulative death rates from all causes (1% <i>v</i> 3%, P&lt;0.009) in the intervention community than in the control community during the four year follow-up. Improvements in knowledge of COPD and smoking hazards, outdoor air quality, environmental tobacco smoke, and working conditions were also achieved (all P&lt;0.05). The difference in cumulative incidence rate of COPD (both around 4%) and cumulative death rate from COPD (2% <i>v</i> 11%) did not reach significance between the two communities. <b>Conclusions</b> A community based integrated intervention can have a significant impact on the prevention and management of COPD, mainly reflected in the annual rate of decline in FEV<sub>1</sub>. <b>Trial registration</b> Chinese Clinical Trials Registration (ChiCTR-TRC-00000532).
Relationship between changes in left ventricular inotropic state and relaxation in normal subjects and in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: M F Rousseau, H Pouleur, J M Detry, L A Brasseur
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The aim of the study was to examine the changes in left ventricular (LV) relaxation rate induced by variations in inotropic state. Eight normal subjects and 29 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were studied. First, we used interventions that increase myocardial calcium influx (atrial pacing or postpacing beat) or decrease it (intracoronary injection of nifedipine). Relaxation rate was estimated from the time constant (T1) of isovolumic LV pressure fall during the fist 40 msec after peak negative dP/dt. Under basal conditions, T1 was impaired in CAD patients (58 vs 43 msec; p less than 0.01), despite similar heart rate, LV pressures and peak positive dP/dt (1620 vs 1787 mm Hg/sec; NS). During atrial pacing at 135 +/- 7 beats/min, peak positive dP/dt increased to 2220 mm Hg/sec in 11 CAD patients and to 2256 mm Hg/sec in eight normal subjects. T1 decreased more in CAD patients than in normal subjects (17 vs 7 msec; p less than 0.01). T1 changes also differed in the postpacing beat between CAD patients and normal subjects (-6 vs 5 msec; p less than 0.01) or when nifedipine was injected during the pacing (4 vs 20 msec; p less than 0.01). Intravenous calcium injection during atrial pacing in another group of 18 CAD patients further improved peak positive dP/dt and T1 (-3 msec; p less than 0.05) and normalized the changes in relaxation during the postpacing heart. Our data indicate that a variable coupling between LV inotropic state and relaxation rate exists in man during changes in calcium influx and that this coupling is abnormal in CAD patients.
VITAMIN A IN SOME CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF THE SKIN.
Authors: A. D. PORTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1951)

Journal Article VITAMIN A IN SOME CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF THE SKIN. Get access A. D. PORTER A. D. PORTER Physician, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 63, Issue 4, 1 April 1951, Pages 123–127, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1951.tb13702.x Published: 01 April 1951
Ascorbate levels in red blood cells and urine in patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Maxwell P. Westerman, Yin Zhang, Joseph P. McConnell, Paul A. Chezick, Rakshanda Neelam, Sally Freels, Lori S. Feldman, Sandra Allen, Refat Baridi, Lawrence E. Feldman, Leslie W.-M. Fung
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Ascorbic acid can be important in sickle cell anemia (SCA) because significant oxidative stress occurs in the disease. Ascorbate could contribute to reduction of the increased oxygen free radicals generated in sickle red blood cells (SRBC) and to the recycling of vitamin E in the cells, while renal loss could contribute to the low plasma levels. Evaluation of red blood cell (RBC) and urine ascorbate in SCA has not been reported. Results showed (1) ascorbate levels in SRBC were similar to those in normals; (2) urine ascorbate excretion was increased in 36% of patients; (3) plasma levels of ascorbate were decreased. Conclusions: (1) Ascorbate is present in SRBC, most likely due to ascorbate recycling, despite increased free-radical generation. (2) The increase in renal excretion may contribute to the low plasma levels of ascorbate. (3) The presence of ample ascorbate in SRBC and decreased plasma ascorbate suggests that ascorbate movement across the SRBC membrane may differ from normal RBC. Am. J. Hematol. 65:174–175, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Biological Basis of Therapeutic Lymphangiogenesis”
Authors: Camilla Norrmén, Tuomas Tammela, Kari Alitalo, Tatiana V. Petrova
Journal: Circulation (2011)

We would like to thank Dr Toska for pointing out an inaccuracy pertaining to Figure 1 in our recent review article. 1 Indeed, the figure reflects outdated textbook knowledge on the physiology of fluid exchange between the various compartments (arteries, capillaries, veins, lymphatic vessels, and the interstitium).According to current view, there is very little reabsorption in the venules simply because the tissue forces, which were not considered in the initial experiments by Landis and Pappenheimer, would prevent such a continuous process (reviewed in Levick and Michel 2 ).Fresh lines of evidence suggest that the lymphatic vessels have a much more important role in the absorption of interstitial fluid in most tissues than previously thought (reviewed in Wiig 3 ).In fact, it seems that most of the filtrate is cleared by the lymphatic vessels, which are the focus of our review.Most likely, fluid is transported by a pressure gradient in the interstitium to the next available lymphatic, 2 which is not surprising, considering how aptly lymphatic vessels absorb fluid and proteins unselectively by bulk flow from the interstitial space (as opposed to the venules, which have considerably tighter walls and higher hydrostatic pressure). 4,5We have now corrected our online article accordingly, including Figure 1.
EARLY LOADING OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS DECREASES INFLAMMATION AND IN-HOSPITAL EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Kazumasa Nosaka, Masayuki Doi, Toru Miyoshi, Keiichi Mashima, Mutsumi Iwamoto, Masahito Kajiya, Keisuke Okawa, Norifumi Kawakita, Hiroshi Ito
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Netherlands to crack down on complementary medicine
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The Netherlands is considering tougher laws on practitioners of complementary medicine after government health inspectors who were investigating the death from breast cancer in 2001 of the actress and comedienne Sylvia Millecam severely criticised her treatment.

The investigators found that alternative practitioners contradicted the diagnosis of breast cancer made by her doctors and offered her instead the prospect of a cure with “unfounded methods of treatment.”

The report concluded that “various individual carers” had “offered such irresponsible care” that disciplinary action or criminal proceedings are likely. Their role prevented a cure or an extension of Ms Millecam's life, …
The Limitations of Risk Factors as Prognostic Tools
Authors: James H. Ware
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Identification of new risk factors for specific diseases is an enduring theme in medical research. Advances in molecular biology, genetics, and computational biology are accelerating the pace of this work. The research seeks to increase our understanding of the causes of diseases, but there is also hope that the recognition of new risk factors will lead to improved methods for identifying persons who are in the early stages of, or at high risk for, the diseases of concern. Research has shown, however, that a risk factor must have a much stronger association with the disease outcome than we ordinarily see . . .
An analogue device for measuring the pre-ejection period (PEP)
Authors: J. P. BLACKBURN, C. M. CONWAY, J. M. LEIGH, M. J. LINDOP, J. A. REITAN, R. ROBBINS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

A special purpose analogue computer for beat by beat determination of the pre-ejection period of cardiac systole is described.
Scintigraphic Findings of Mycobacterium avium complex Tenosynovitis of the Index Finger in a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Guang-Uei Hung, Joung-Liang Lan, Kuang-Tao A. Yang, Wan-Yu Lin, Shyh-Jen Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

The presented case is a 36-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus for 10 years. She had progressively painful swelling of the right index finger that later proved to be a rare case of tenosynovitis caused by Mycobacterium avium complex. Serial images of 3-phase bone scans, gallium scan, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrate the area of involvement.
Above and Below
Authors: James A. Brussel
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the profile of William Smellie (<i>JAMA</i><b>187</b>:146 [Jan 11] 1964) you state: "A [female] manikin was fabricated from the bones of a human pelvis, appropriate padding was added, and the whole was covered with leather." Surely,The Journalis above this type of corny humor... or so I hoped.
Primary Amyloidosis of the Renal Pelvis
Authors: K. D. Gardner, R. A. Castellino, R. Kempson, B. W. Young, T. A. Stamey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

AMYLOID deposits restricted in distribution to the renal pelves have seldom been described in the literature.1 2 3 4 Recently, we encountered a patient with this unusual condition. The case is presented here to call attention to a distinctive and perhaps unique radiographic finding in primary amyloidosis of the renal pelvis: linear submucosal calcification outlining the pelvocalyceal system of the kidney.Case ReportA 39-year-old man was admitted to the hospital in March, 1969, for evaluation of progressive and undiagnosed renal disease of 2 years' duration. Complete physical examination and urinalysis had been within normal limits 4 years previously.In February, 1967, he . . .
Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor Is an Axonal Chemoattractant and a Neurotrophic Factor for Spinal Motor Neurons
Authors: Allen Ebens, Katja Brose, E.David Leonardo, M.Gartz Hanson Jr, Friedhelm Bladt, Carmen Birchmeier, Barbara A Barres, Marc Tessier-Lavigne
Journal: Neuron (1996)
Time to Reevaluate Risk Stratification Guidelines for Medically Supervised Exercise Training in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: C. Noel Bairey Merz
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lectures on Injuries to the Epiphyses and their Results: Delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons
Authors: J. Hutchinson
Journal: BMJ (1894)

INUINJURTIES TO TI'YEES.HSS hlseors ol^i gt tu -gi rist.Tllere was ii ouu <lnui(l tan( iiusub sequenlxt sup)lmraXtionl.Tlle i-adius gra(lu-tlly be(elmilt culvved,.1id( thef u1na, Nk'as ulil lthirtt(,ally iiely 2lP inelhest'l shlrte -Oll tlE tl(e ot1i-' s'l(-.Th f ol(srearm IIU u'Is W1llOtSO were iit owel vvo}ed 1oped asl ol ftit sleft butle
Radioiodine Uptake Following Thyroidectomy for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: AVINASH M. SUD, MILTON D. GROSS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Post-thyroidectomy 1–131 sodium iodide scans revealed foci of uptake outside the thyroid bed in two patients. In each case, these areas corresponded to sites where ectopic or aberrant thyroid tissues could be found. The presence of metastatic disease significantly affects the appropriate therapy, as well as the overall prognosis. An appreciation of the potential locations of ectopic thyroid tissues that may mimic metastatic disease and potentially confound diagnosis are stressed.
Beware the cost-benefit analysis
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The drug industry champions chronic disease. This might be benevolence, but I suspect other motives. Consider the new anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation that do not require blood monitoring. The monthly cost for dabigatran is £75 (€96; $116) and for rivaroxaban is £58, but for 10 years’ treatment this is £9000 and £6860. Consider that there are 10 million people over 65, of whom 5% have atrial fibrillation,1 and we begin to see the scale of the potential income—£4bn in the United Kingdom alone over a decade. Ramp these numbers …
Randomised controlled trial of effect of feedback on general practitioners' prescribing in Australia
Authors: D. L O'Connell, D. Henry, R. Tomlins
Journal: BMJ (1999)

To evaluate the effect on general practitioners' prescribing of feedback on their levels of prescribing.Randomised controlled trial.General practice in rural Australia.2440 full time recognised general practitioners practising in non-urban areas.Two sets of graphical displays (6 months apart) of their prescribing rates for 2 years, relative to those of their peers, were posted to participants. Data were provided for five main drug groups and were accompanied by educational newsletters. The control group received no information on their prescribing.Prescribing rates in the intervention and control groups for the five main drug groups, total prescribing and potential substitute prescribing and ordering before and after the interventions.The intervention and control groups had similar baseline characteristics (age, sex, patient mix, practices). Median prescribing rates for the two groups were almost identical before and after the interventions. Any changes in prescribing observed in the intervention group were also seen in the control group. There was no evidence that feedback reduced the variability in prescribing nor did it differentially affect the very high or very low prescribers.The form of feedback evaluated here-mailed, unsolicited, centralised, government sponsored, and based on aggregate data-had no impact on the prescribing levels of general practitioners.
Influence of previous gold toxicity on subsequent development of penicillamine toxicity.
Authors: P J Smith, W R Swinburn, D R Swinson, I M Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The incidence of penicillamine toxicity was determined in 250 patients who had never previously received gold, 76 patients who had received gold without toxic reaction, and 79 patients with a previous history of gold toxicity. The results suggest that there may be a higher incidence of penicillamine toxicity in patients who have previously shown toxic reactions. The interval between stopping the gold and starting the penicillamine did not influence incidence of toxicity. The development of a rash during gold treatment does not seem to influence the development of a rash during penicillamine treatment, but patients who have had proteinuria or bone-marrow depression during gold treatment may have an increased likelihood of developing a similar side effect with penicillamine.
Female Genital Cancer
Authors: Felix N. Rutledge
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<i>Female Genital Cancer</i>is a comprehensive volume prepared by authoritative contributors and covering not only the complete spectrum of diseases but also techniques of research and of clinical care. Its three editors are highly qualified. Dr Gusberg has extensive experience in medical publishing. He was the founding editor of the journal<i>Gynecologic Oncology</i>and is the author of previous books on female genital cancer. As a former president of the American Cancer Society, he brings to this volume in his introduction the extensive knowledge about cancer incidence that the Society collects annually. He is a clinician, teacher, and leader in many specialty societies. Dr Shingleton is an authority on diverse aspects of the treatment of female genital cancer and on clinical investigation. As a director of a fellowship training program, he has brought his extensive clinical and teaching experience to the six well-organized and clear chapters to which he has
Functional Significance of Isoform Diversification in the Protocadherin Gamma Gene Cluster
Authors: Weisheng V. Chen, Francisco J. Alvarez, Julie L. Lefebvre, Brad Friedman, Chiamaka Nwakeze, Eric Geiman, Courtney Smith, Chan Aye Thu, Juan Carlos Tapia, Bosiljka Tasic, Joshua R. Sanes, Tom Maniatis
Journal: Neuron (2012)
Inebriety a Disease.
Authors: T. D. Crothers
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Hartford, Conn., Aug. 26, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The question of vice and disease in inebriety was first agitated in this country by Dr. Rush of Philadelphia, in 1809. He asserted that all inebriety should be regarded and treated as disease. This was called a wild, infidel theory. In 1829, Dr. Todd secured the passage of a resolution in the Connecticut State Medical Society, declaring inebriety a disease requiring medical treatment. This was termed rank heresy and so bitterly denounced that nothing more was heard of it. In 1854, Dr. Turner's project of an asylum for the medical treatment of inebriates as diseased, roused a more severe criticism. This continued with varying intensity until 1870. At this time the Association for the Study and Cure of Inebriety was organized, and its declaration of principles pronounced inebriety a disease, and curable. The religious press denied this with great bitterness, and denounced
Kinome-wide RNAi studies in human multiple myeloma identify vulnerable kinase targets, including a lymphoid-restricted kinase, GRK6
Authors: Rodger E. Tiedemann, Yuan Xiao Zhu, Jessica Schmidt, Hongwei Yin, Chang-Xin Shi, Qiang Que, Gargi Basu, David Azorsa, Louise M. Perkins, Esteban Braggio, Rafael Fonseca, P. Leif Bergsagel, Spyro Mousses, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2009)
Genetic tuning of the novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus during interspecies transmission, China, 2013
Authors: D Wang, L Yang, R Gao, X Zhang, Y Tan, A Wu, W Zhu, J Zhou, S Zou, Xiyan Li, Y Sun, Y Zhang, Y Liu, T Liu, Y Xiong, J Xu, L Chen, Y Weng, X Qi, J Guo, Xiaodan Li, J Dong, W Huang, Y Zhang, L Dong, X Zhao, L Liu, J Lu, Y Lan, H Wei, L Xin, Y Chen, C Xu, T Chen, Y Zhu, T Jiang, Z Feng, W Yang, Y Wang, H Zhu, Y Guan, G F Gao, D Li, J Han, S Wang, G Wu, Y Shu
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

A novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus causing human infection emerged in February 2013 in China. To elucidate the mechanism of interspecies transmission, we compared the signature amino acids of avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses from human and non-human hosts and analysed the reassortants of 146 influenza A(H7N9) viruses with full genome sequences. We propose a genetic tuning procedure with continuous amino acid substitutions and reassorting that mediates host adaptation and interspecies transmission. When the early influenza A(H7N9) virus, containing ancestor haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes similar to A/Shanghai/05 virus, circulated in waterfowl and transmitted to terrestrial poultry, it acquired an NA stalk deletion at amino acid positions 69 to 73. Then, receptor binding preference was tuned to increase the affinity to human-like receptors through HA G186V and Q226L mutations in terrestrial poultry. Additional mammalian adaptations such as PB2 E627K were selected in humans. The continual reassortation between H7N9 and H9N2 viruses resulted in multiple genotypes for further host adaptation. When we analysed a potential association of mutations and reassortants with clinical outcome, only the PB2 E627K mutation slightly increased the case fatality rate. Genetic tuning may create opportunities for further adaptation of influenza A(H7N9) and its potential to cause a pandemic.