tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bronchoscopic findings in hemitruncus.
Authors: U Rosa, K C Wade
Journal: Thorax (1988)

A right pulmonary artery originating from the ascending aorta was first reported by Fraentzel in 1868.' Including our own, only six cases of this anomaly have been described in adults.'The condition is more often recognised early in life, because the large left to right shunt rapidly leads to biventricular failure.369Patients living beyond infancy experience frequent respiratory complaints, such as dyspnoea on exertion, episodic wheezing, and frequent airway infections."'Later haemoptysis will overshadow these symptoms.Haemoptysis first occurred in the age range 15-23 years in the reported cases.2It characteristically follows exertion and the expectorated blood varies from minor amounts to as much as 200 ml.The true nature ofthe cause of bleeding is usually not apparent from physical examination or review of standard chest radiographs.Adults with this malformation are thus likely to undergo bronchoscopy for recurrent haemoptysis.The importance of this is well illustrated by the following case.
A combination of oral endothelin-areceptor antagonist and oral prostacyclinanalogue is superior to each drug alone inameliorating pulmonary hypertension in rats
Authors: Michihiko Ueno, Takashi Miyauchi, Satoshi Sakai, Rikako Yamauchi-Kohno, Katsutoshi Goto, Iwao Yamaguchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Ethanol Elimination in Males and Females: Relationship to Menstrual Cycle and Body Composition
Authors: Alex W. Marshall, David Kingstone, Margot Boss, Marsha Y. Morgan
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

Ethanol pharmacokinetics were determined following oral ethanol, 0.5 gm per kg, in nine normal women and 10 normal men, and related to total body water measured by 3H-water dilution and body fat determined anthropometrically. Ethanol pharmacokinetics were similar in the females throughout the menstrual cycle. No variation was seen in mean peak blood ethanol concentration or elimination rate in the midfollicular (Days 8 to 10) and midluteal (Days 22 to 24) phases. Mean peak blood ethanol values were significantly higher in females (88 +/- 3 mg per 100 ml) than in males (75 +/- 4 mg per 100 ml) (p less than 0.05), and the mean area under the ethanol concentration-time curve was significantly greater in females (241 +/- 12 mg X hr per 100 ml) than in males (177 +/- 11 mg X hr per 100 ml) (p less than 0.001). There was no significant sex difference in mean ethanol elimination rates. The mean apparent volume of distribution of ethanol in female (0.59 +/- 0.02 liter per kg) was less than in males (0.73 +/- 0.02 liter per kg) (p less than 0.001). Both apparent volume of distribution of ethanol and area under curve were significantly correlated with total body water suggesting that the sex differences in ethanol pharmacokinetics were due to sex differences in body water content. The sex differences in ethanol pharmacokinetics may partly explain reports of male-female differences in the natural history of certain ethanol-related disorders.
THE CLINICAL RECOGNITION OF THE SCAPHOID TYPE OF SCAPULA AND OF SOME OF ITS CORRELATIONS
Authors: WILLIAM W. GRAVES
Journal: JAMA (1910)

In my communication,  Scaphoid Scapula, a Frequent Anomaly in Development of Hereditary, Clinical and Anatomic Significance,1 presented to the St. Louis Medical Society, Feb. 5, 1910, I indicated the relative frequence of the scaphoid type of scapula in our population in dry bones and in fetal, embryo and monster forms. The main thesis of that communication was: The scaphoid scapula is an anomaly in development originating in the progeny from some abnormal circumstance operating in the parents, is thereafter transmitted from parent to child, and so on through several generations, and unless the abnormal circumstance again becomes operative in the descendants, the scaphoid scapula finally disappears and the racial type again becomes dominant.  I showed that it occurred most frequently in individuals deviating from the average in physical or mental endowments, or both, and stated that the natural habitat of the scaphoid scapula was in the deviate. I showed
Food Safety Information
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
932-91 Ventricular Interdependence in Explanted Human Hearts
Authors: James P. Slater, Evan C. Lipsitz, Johnathan M. Chen, Daniel J. Goldstein, Robert C. Ashton, David A. D’Alessandro, Mehmet C. Oz, Howard R. Levin, Daniel Burkhoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Making Chemotherapy Easier
Authors: Steven M. Grunberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Cancer chemotherapy is a double-edged sword. Dramatic responses may be accompanied by equally dramatic toxic effects, the most feared of which are nausea and vomiting.1 The public's perception is that severe nausea and vomiting are inevitable with the use of any chemotherapeutic agent. Fortunately, this is not true. The emetogenic potential of chemotherapeutic agents ranges from severe (cisplatin) to virtually nil (bleomycin). Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting may be severe enough, however, to prevent patients from completing curative courses of treatment. The development of effective antiemetic agents has therefore been an ongoing effort.Chemotherapy induces vomiting through a multiafferent neural reflex . . .
Glaucoma Screening from a Public Health Clinic
Authors: E. S. Perkins
Journal: BMJ (1965)

In March 1957 the patient, a girl aged 141 years, had a severe attack of abdominal pain associated with vomiting.She had suffered from mild attacks of a similar nature since the age of 10, but otherwise had been well and had grown normally.The pain and vomiting continued for some days and she became very ill, being admitted to hospital in a state of dehydration and circulatory failure.General peritonitis was diagnosed and after resuscitation an emer- gency laparotomy was performed.Volvulus of the small intestine had occurred and the whole of the bowel concerned in the volvulus was gangrenous.All but 3 in.(7.5 cm.) of the jejunum beyond the duodeno-jejunal flexture, and 3 in.(7.5 cm.) of ileum proximal on 12 July
Gender Disparities in Treatment for Alcohol Problems
Authors: Constance Weisner
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine women's access to treatment for alcohol problems in terms of the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment-seeking patterns of problem drinkers in a range of alcohol-specific and nonspecialized health care systems. <h3>Design.</h3> —In-person survey. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A Northern California county. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Consecutive samples of admissions in public alcohol treatment (n=381), drug treatment (n=210), mental health treatment (n=406), emergency health services (n=2626), primary health clinics (n=394), and adults in the county general population (n=3069). <h3>Primary Outcome Measures.</h3> —Prevalence and relative risk (RR) of problem drinking and rates of alcohol-related treatment episodes. <h3>Results.</h3> —Rates of problem drinking were higher among men than women across all samples. However, after accounting for gender differences in general population rates, women in all of the non-alcohol-specific clinical samples were at greater risk than men for problem drinking (eg, RR=5.6 for women and RR=2.1 for men in the mental health sample). Men reported a greater variety in types of services sought in past alcohol-related treatment encounters, but women experienced greater symptom severity. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Female problem drinkers were more likely than male problem drinkers to use non-alcohol-specific health care settings, particularly mental health treatment services, and to report greater symptom severity. Future research on women's access to services for alcohol problems should consider a range of health care systems and gender differences in seeking help. (<i>JAMA</i>1992;268:1872-1876)
Crosslinked type II collagen matrices: preparation, characterization, and potential for cartilage engineering
Authors: J.S. Pieper, P.M. van der Kraan, T. Hafmans, J. Kamp, P. Buma, J.L.C. van Susante, W.B. van den Berg, J.H. Veerkamp, T.H. van Kuppevelt
Journal: Biomaterials (2002)
The evolution of early fibromuscular lesions hemodynamically induced in the dog renal artery. I. Light and transmission electron microscopy.
Authors: F G Baumann, A M Imparato, G E Kim
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

In view of the important roles of arterial intimal fibromuscular lesions as precursors of atherosclerotic plaque and occlusive lesions in arterial reconstructions, a model has been developed for the rapid hemodynamic induction of these lesions by anastomosis of the dog right renal artery to the inferior vena cava. Light and transmission electron microscopic observations were made on the arterial shunt after periods of rapid flow ranging form 10 minutes to 2 hours to identify initial factor(s) and evolutionary mechanisms in the etiology of the lesions. The sequence of events included aberrations in ruthenium red staining of the endothelial luminal membrane at 10 minutes, multilayered thickening of the subendothelial basement membrane (BM) at 15 minutes, and initial reorientation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMC) into the intima along with the appearance of areas of degeneration of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) at 30 minutes. The endothelial cells were still intact in some areas overlying the SMC migration and IEL degeneration, but they were separating from the surface in other such areas. As subendothelium became exposed, some platelet adherence was noted. By 2 hours, the entire wall reaction was fully developed. Initial observations indicate that in the evolution of this hemodynamically induced lesion visible alteration in the endothelial cells is not prerequisite to degeneration of the underlying IEL and reorientation and migration of medial SMC.
Crosstalk Between Immune Cell and Oncolytic Vaccinia Therapy Enhances Tumor Trafficking and Antitumor Effects
Authors: Padma Sampath, Jun Li, Weizhou Hou, Hannah Chen, David L Bartlett, Steve H Thorne
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

The combination of an oncolytic virus, that directly destroys tumor cells and mediates an acute immune response, with an immune cell therapy, capable of further enlisting and enhancing the host immune response, has the potential to create a potent therapeutic effect. We have previously developed several strategies for optimizing the delivery of oncolytic vaccinia virus vectors to their tumor targets, including the use of immune cell-based carrier vehicles and the incorporation of mutations that increase production of the enveloped form of vaccinia (extracellular enveloped viral (EEV)) that is better adapted to spread within a host. Here, we initially combine these approaches to create a novel therapeutic, consisting of an immune cell (cytokine-induced killer, CIK) preloaded with an oncolytic virus that is EEV enhanced. This resulted in direct interaction between the viral and immune cell components with each assisting the other in directing the therapy to the tumor and so enhancing the antitumor effects. This effect could be further improved through CCL5 expression from the virus. The resulting multicomponent therapy displays the ability for synergistic crosstalk between components, so significantly enhancing tumor trafficking and antitumor effects. The combination of an oncolytic virus, that directly destroys tumor cells and mediates an acute immune response, with an immune cell therapy, capable of further enlisting and enhancing the host immune response, has the potential to create a potent therapeutic effect. We have previously developed several strategies for optimizing the delivery of oncolytic vaccinia virus vectors to their tumor targets, including the use of immune cell-based carrier vehicles and the incorporation of mutations that increase production of the enveloped form of vaccinia (extracellular enveloped viral (EEV)) that is better adapted to spread within a host. Here, we initially combine these approaches to create a novel therapeutic, consisting of an immune cell (cytokine-induced killer, CIK) preloaded with an oncolytic virus that is EEV enhanced. This resulted in direct interaction between the viral and immune cell components with each assisting the other in directing the therapy to the tumor and so enhancing the antitumor effects. This effect could be further improved through CCL5 expression from the virus. The resulting multicomponent therapy displays the ability for synergistic crosstalk between components, so significantly enhancing tumor trafficking and antitumor effects.
Isoniazid and Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Peter James Cronkright
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1989Isoniazid and RhabdomyolysisPeter James Cronkright, MD, Gregory Szymaniak, BSc, PharmD, RPHPeter James Cronkright, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Gregory Szymaniak, BSc, PharmD, RPHSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-945_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Acute rhabdomyolysis can be caused by various drugs, usually by overdosing (1-4). However, cases resulting from isoniazid therapy have not previously been reported. A 25-year-old obese black woman had begun voiding dark brown urine for 4 days before admission (this lasted 2 days and subsided after forcing oral fluids). She also had bilateral calf pain and general malaise that started two days preceding admission and had had a sore throat for 2 days approximately 2 weeks before admission. She had no history of other symptoms of upper respiratory infection, fever, arthralgias, rash, or cough, and no gastrointestinal...References1. GabowKaehnyKelleher PWS. The spectrum of rhabdomyolysis. Medicine. 1982;61:141-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Penn A. Myoglobinuria. In Engel AG, Banker BQ, eds. Myology: Basic and Clinical. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1986:1785-1805. Google Scholar3. Mastaglia F. Adverse effects of drugs on muscle. Drugs. 1982;24:304-21. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WattelChopinDurocherBerzin FCAB. Rhabdomyolyses au cours des intoxications aigues Nouv Presse Med. 1978;7:2553-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. MastagliaOjeda FV. Inflammatory myopathies Part 1. Ann Neurol. 1985;17:215-27. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Health Services Association of Central New York, Inc. Syracuse, NY 13224 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDrugs in tuberculosis and leprosyRhabdomyolysis Induced by Isoniazid in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis and End-stage Renal Disease: A Case Report and Review of the LiteratureIsoniazid and Related HydrazinesIsoniazid and Related HydrazinesMyopathie médicamenteuse à l’isoniazideActivity of certain drugs in inducing of inflammatory myopathies with cutaneous manifestationsRhabdomyolysis in Isoniazid PoisoningDermatomyositis and DrugsDrugs used in tuberculosis and leprosy 1 June 1989Volume 110, Issue 11Page: 945-945KeywordsAddictionArthralgiaFeversIsoniazidOverweightPharyngitisRashesRhabdomyolysisUpper respiratory tract infectionsUrine Issue Published: 1 June 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Role of Familial Factors in Persistent Effeminate Behavior in Boys
Authors: BERNARD ZUGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

The author describes a study of the familial environment of 25 young effeminate boys. In most cases the parents' relationship with each other and with the sons was good. The boys' closeness to their mothers and distance from their fathers appeared to reflect their interests from the beginning. There were no statistically significant differences between this and a similar group of noneffeminate boys.
Hospital action on smoking.
Authors: K Ball, A Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

circular gives new and more explicit advice on discourag ing smoking in hospitals and other health  It emphasises the exemplary and educational roles of health professionals and the need for policies on smoking in all health premises including consideration of a ban, save for long-stay patients, on the sale of cigarettes on the premises. This summary of Non-Smoking in Health Premises1 from the DHSS, although not couched in the most exciting language, was actually a call for action addressed to regional health authorities, area health authorities, boards of governors, and family prac titioner committees. The following is a report of action taken at one hospital, the Central Middlesex.
Myasthenia Gravis Syndrome Associated With Trimethadione
Authors: Harold E. Booker
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A myasthenic reaction in an 8-year-old girl developed within a few months during treatment of petit mal seizures with trimethadione. Progressive bulbar weakness culminated in a crisis with respiratory failure following a major convulsion. Initially, large doses of neostigmine (Prostigmin) methylsulfate were required, but a complete remission occurred within six months after trimethadione was withdrawn. This case is remarkably similar to the case described by Peterson,<sup>1</sup>and supports his hypothesis that an auto-immune response to trimethadione was the responsible mechanism.
Pattern of Candida species isolated from patients with diabetes mellitus and vulvovaginal candidiasis and their response to single dose oral fluconazole therapy
Authors: Deepti Goswami, Ravinder Goswami, Uma Banerjee, Vatsla Dadhwal, Sunita Miglani, Ali Abdul Lattif, Narayana Kochupillai
Journal: Journal of Infection (2005)
Mortality rates at 10 years after metal-on-metal hip resurfacing compared with total hip replacement in England: retrospective cohort analysis of hospital episode statistics
Authors: A. R. Kendal, D. Prieto-Alhambra, N. K. Arden, A. Carr, A. Judge
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objectives</b> To compare 10 year mortality rates among patients undergoing metal-on-metal hip resurfacing and total hip replacement in England. <b>Design</b> Retrospective cohort study. <b>Setting</b> English hospital episode statistics database linked to mortality records from the Office for National Statistics. <b>Population</b> All adults who underwent primary elective hip replacement for osteoarthritis from April 1999 to March 2012. The exposure of interest was prosthesis type: cemented total hip replacement, uncemented total hip replacement, and metal-on-metal hip resurfacing. Confounding variables included age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, rurality, area deprivation, surgical volume, and year of operation. <b>Main outcome measures</b> All cause mortality. Propensity score matching was used to minimise confounding by indication. Kaplan-Meier plots estimated the probability of survival up to 10 years after surgery. Multilevel Cox regression modelling, stratified on matched sets, described the association between prosthesis type and time to death, accounting for variation across hospital trusts. <b>Results</b> 7437 patients undergoing metal-on-metal hip resurfacing were matched to 22 311 undergoing cemented total hip replacement; 8101 patients undergoing metal-on-metal hip resurfacing were matched to 24 303 undergoing uncemented total hip replacement. 10 year rates of cumulative mortality were 271 (3.6%) for metal-on-metal hip resurfacing versus 1363 (6.1%) for cemented total hip replacement, and 239 (3.0%) for metal-on-metal hip resurfacing versus 999 (4.1%) for uncemented total hip replacement. Patients undergoing metal-on-metal hip resurfacing had an increased survival probability (hazard ratio 0.51 (95% confidence interval 0.45 to 0.59) for cemented hip replacement; 0.55 (0.47 to 0.65) for uncemented hip replacement). There was no evidence for an interaction with age or sex. <b>Conclusions</b> Patients with hip osteoarthritis undergoing metal-on-metal hip resurfacing have reduced mortality in the long term compared with those undergoing cemented or uncemented total hip replacement. This difference persisted after extensive adjustment for confounding factors available in our data. The study results can be applied to matched populations, which exclude patients who are very old and have had complex total hip replacements. Although residual confounding is possible, the observed effect size is large. These findings require validation in external cohorts and randomised clinical trials.
Surgery for trichiasis: Author reply
Authors: W ALEMAYEHU, M MELESE, A BEJIGA, A WORKU, W KEBEDE, D FANTAYE
Journal: Ophthalmology (2004)

Drs Sodhi and Verma's comments are well taken. As described in the methodology section, we have excluded all patients with previous surgery, major eye lid closure defects (TT3 in our newly developed modified trichiasis grading scheme), and metaplastic cilias. We had only 2 cases of minor lid margin defects. Integrated eye care workers were trained to identify such patients and refer to centers with ophthalmologists. In general, it is worthwhile to inform readers that we are working in a hyperendemic area with a severe shortage of ophthalmologists and infrastructure in the face of a huge backlog of trichiasis. The situation of hyperendemicity is evidenced by the number of children with trichiasis being observed in the area. We are totally in agreement with the suggestion of introducing anterior lamellar repositioning in our ophthalmic practice. However, this, as Sodhi and Verma rightly mention, can be introduced to only a selected few centers in the country where ophthalmologists are practicing. Unfortunately, these centers are inaccessible to the vast majority of the rural population. We thank Sodhi and Verma for their interest and suggestions. Surgery for TrichiasisOphthalmologyVol. 111Issue 11PreviewWe read Alemayehu et al's article1 with great interest because we belong to a country where trachoma is endemic. The authors compared the outcome of bilamellar tarsal rotation trichiasis surgery performed by ophthalmologists with that of the surgery done by integrated eye care workers in correction of lids affected by trachoma in an Ethiopian community. The authors found that in the correction of lid entropion, the outcome of bilamellar tarsal rotation surgery done by integrated eye care workers was similar to that of the surgery done by ophthalmic surgeons. Full-Text PDF