tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acknowledgment of Books Sent San Francisco Physicians.
Authors: J. H. Musser
Journal: JAMA (1907)

should, of course, be sought and removed, if posoible, but a sus¬ ceptibility to colds has often been removed by the prolonged use of small doses of arsenic.This may or may not be com¬ bined with other tonie treatment as indicated, as: R. c.c.
Interferon-α receptor expression and regulation in chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Johnson Y. N. Lau, Nick Sheron, Alan G. Morris, Adrian B. Bomford, Graeme J. M. Alexander, Roger Williams
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Interferon-α elicits antiviral and immunoregulatory activities by binding to specific receptors on the cell surface. In this study, binding characteristics of interferon-α to peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection were studied using radioiodinated recombinant interferon-α 2b to determine interferon-α receptor numbers and dissociation constants. A single class of interferon-α receptor was demonstrated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and mononuclear subsets. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (n = 20) and controls (n = 16) expressed a similar number of interferon-α receptors (484 ± 175 vs. 511 ± 168 sites/cell respectively, p = NS) with a similar dissociation constant (dissociation constant ± 0.2 to 0.7 nmol/L). Expression of interferon-α receptors was similar in monocyteenriched and lymphocyte-enriched fractions in both groups. Similar changes were observed in patients receiving α-interferon therapy. There was no correlation between interferon-α receptors expression and serum transaminase, serum HBsAg, serum HBV DNA, liver histological findings or the response to interferon-α therapy. After incubation of lymphocytes in vitro with interferon-α 2b (10 to 1,000 U/ml), interferon-α receptors number dropped by 42% to 80%, but this was associated with an increase in binding affinity (dissociation constant ≈ 0.05 to 0.15 nmol/L) in both patients and controls. There was significant delay in the initial phase of receptor recovery in the patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection compared with normal controls (days 1 and 2, p &lt;0.05). These data indicate that interferon-α receptors are expressed and regulated normally in chronic hepatitis B virus infection and that the variable response to interferon-α therapy is not due to a variation in interferon-α receptor. The increase in binding affinity on interferon-α therapy may be one factor explaining why long-term interferon-α therapy is effective despite a decrease in receptor number. (Hepatology 1991;13:332-338).
Role of oxidative stress in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury to cultured rat hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells
Authors: Dev A. Samarasinghe, Michael Tapner, Geoffrey C. Farrell
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

To characterize the role of oxidative stress in cultured rat sinusoidal endothelial cells, we studied the production of superoxide after reoxygenation, the relationship of reduced glutathione (GSH) levels to cell injury, and the protective efficacy of antioxidants. Hypoxia (pO 2 1-2 mm Hg) was achieved by culturing cells under 95% N 2 5% CO 2 for 4 hours. Reoxygenation was then reestablished, and viability was determined at 24 hours by trypan blue exclusion; putative protective agents were added at the time of reoxygenation (4 hours). As previously reported, reoxygenation after 4 hours hypoxia accentuated sinusoidal cell death fourfold compared with hypoxic or normoxic controls ( P &lt; .0001). Superoxide was not produced on reoxygenation, and superoxide dismutase provided no protection against reoxygenation injury. Cellular levels of GSH fell to 37 ± 4% of normoxic controls ( P &lt; .0001) following reoxygenation. These changes were essentially abrogated by Trolox (Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, WI) and dimethyl sulfoxide, both of which also completely protected against reoxygenation injury. When cellular GSH levels were lowered by addition of diethylmaleate (which conjugates GSH), this reduced the viability of endothelial cells cultured under normoxic conditions and greatly augmented reoxygenation injury. Conversely, addition of exogenous GSH partially protected endothelial cells against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Desferrioxamine also protected against reoxygenation injury, but catalase was only partly protective. It is concluded that sinusoidal endothelial cells undergo significant intracellular oxidative stress following reoxygenation, and their viability is critically dependent on GSH levels. Reactive oxygen species are likely mediators of oxidative stress in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells.
Hyperglycemia and Glycosuria Due to Thiazide Derivatives Administered in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Martin G. Goldner, Harold Zarowitz, Suat Akgun
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE purpose of this communication is to call attention to the fact that the thiazides may cause aggravation of pre-existent diabetes mellitus, or the manifestation of the disease in predisposed persons. Awareness of this phenomenon is important for the practicing physician because of the wide use of these highly effective diuretic and hypotensive agents for oral administration.The following case illustrates the problem as we encountered it:Case ReportE.B., a 53-year-old woman, had been known to us since 1946 and had had repeated blood sugar determinations and urinalyses because of a family history of diabetes. She had never had . . .
Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor A Epigenetically Regulates Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Huihui Xu, Xiaoyan Wu, Hao Qin, Wenfang Tian, Junliang Chen, Lina Sun, Mingming Fang, Yong Xu
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2014)

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications associated with diabetes and characterized by renal microvascular injury along with accelerated synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins causing tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Production of type I collagen, the major component of extracellular matrix, is augmented during renal fibrosis after chronic exposure to hyperglycemia. However, the transcriptional modulator responsible for the epigenetic manipulation leading to induction of type I collagen genes is not clearly defined. We show here that tubulointerstitial fibrosis as a result of DN was diminished in myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) -deficient mice. In cultured renal tubular epithelial cells and the kidneys of mice with DN, MRTF-A was induced by glucose and synergized with glucose to activate collagen transcription. Notably, MRTF-A silencing led to the disappearance of prominent histone modifications indicative of transcriptional activation, including acetylated histone H3K18/K27 and trimethylated histone H3K4. Detailed analysis revealed that MRTF-A recruited p300, a histone acetyltransferase, and WD repeat-containing protein 5 (WDR5), a key component of the histone H3K4 methyltransferase complex, to the collagen promoters and engaged these proteins in transcriptional activation. Estradiol suppressed collagen production by dampening the expression and binding activity of MRTF-A and interfering with the interaction between p300 and WDR5 in renal epithelial cells. Therefore, targeting the MRTF-A-associated epigenetic machinery might yield interventional strategies against DN-associated renal fibrosis.
The Night Doctor
Authors: Jason H. T. Karlawish
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Minority Admissions: Beyond Bakke
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Few legal contests in recent times have evoked as much national soul-searching as the celebrated Supreme Court case of Bakke vs. Regents of the University of California. The legal issue revolves about the minority-admissions policy of the medical school at the University of California in Davis and, by implication, the "affirmative-action" policies of all state-supported or federally aided institutions of higher learning.There is no virtue in further discussion of the case itself. The legal and philosophical subtleties of "quotas," "goals," "reverse discrimination" and the like have been exhaustively explored. However, in all the discussion one central point seems . . .
Getting our Priorities Right
Authors: L. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Clinicians cannot have utter scientific con- firmation of much of their clinical beliefs.The relationship between heavy cigarettesmoking and lung cancer was a clinical impression long before it had been abundantly and incontrovertibly proved by statistics and other evidence, and the same kind of thing may happen in the case of Trasylol, showing that it has quite definitely beneficially influenced the course of acute pancreatitis.I shall therefore continue to use Trasylol in big doses in all cases of acute pancreatitis which come under my care.-I.iam, etc.,
Increased polyamines may downregulate interleukin 2 production in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: E Flescher, T L Bowlin, A Ballester, R Houk, N Talal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Polyamines downregulate immune reactivity. RA is associated with decreased IL 2 production. In this study, we present evidence to suggest that excessive polyamines can contribute to the IL 2 deficiency in RA. Blocking polyamine production with inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase results in increased IL 2 production by RA PBMC. Moreover, polyamine oxidase (PAO) inhibitors and catalase also increase IL 2 production by RA PBMC. This effect of PAO inhibition is monocyte mediated. After 3 d in culture, RA PBMC produce three times more IL 2 than do normal PBMC. This rise is prevented by exogenous spermidine but only in the presence of monocytes. The concentration of polyamines in RA PBMC and synovial fluid MNC is 2-20-fold higher than in normal cells. Thus, polyamines and their oxidation products downregulate IL 2 production by RA PBMC and may account for the decreased T cell effector function seen in this disease.
Laparoscopic Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection – A Novel Technique for the Staging of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Stefan Corvin, David Schilling, Kai Eichhorn, Ilse Hundt, Joerg Hennenlotter, Aristotelis G. Anastasiadis, Markus Kuczyk, Roland Bares, Arnulf Stenzl
Journal: European Urology (2005)
Language Barriers in Medicine
Authors: Marvin L. Auerback
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —For more than 30 years, I have provided care for patients from all over the world at the Pediatric Cardiology Clinic at San Francisco General Hospital. One of the things I have learned is that, although it is important to have good interpreters, as Dr Woloshin and colleagues1indicate in their article, it is also important to have language-specific information about the medical problems that the family can take home and show to the extended family.  At San Francisco General Hospital, I have created information about common congenital heart lesions (as well as functional murmurs) in 12 languages: Spanish, Portuguese, Vietnamese, Tagalog, Russian, German, Persian, Arabic, Hebrew, Swedish, Chinese, Japanese, and English. The ability for a mother to take home a pamphlet describing a ventricular septal defect in her native language so that the relatives can understand the nature of the child's defect makes the clinic
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Reperfusion Starts in the Ambulance”
Authors: Freek W.A. Verheugt
Journal: Circulation (2006)

I agree with the comments on my article 1 by Opie and Selker stating that any therapy to prevent reperfusion injury in the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction should begin as soon as possible before reperfusion, preferably in the ambulance.However, clinical trials supporting glucose-insulin-potassium infusion in myocardial infarction treated in the hospital do not support this. 2,3This treatment option has not been studied in the ambulance, but if effective, it is probably too complex to be implemented.A second option would be the start of N-acetylcysteine infusion, 4 because data suggest that this may improve outcome, even in the era of primary angioplasty. 5This approach needs confirmation in more trials, however.If effective, this simple therapy to prevent reperfusion injury should be started in the ambulance.
Soccer activity profile of altitude versus sea-level natives during acclimatisation to 3600 m (ISA3600)
Authors: Robert J Aughey, Kristal Hammond, Matthew C Varley, Walter F Schmidt, Pitre C Bourdon, Martin Buchheit, Ben Simpson, Laura A Garvican-Lewis, Marlen Kley, Rudy Soria, Charli Sargent, Gregory D Roach, Jesus C Jimenez Claros, Nadine Wachsmuth, Christopher J Gore
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objectives We investigated the effect of high altitude on the match activity profile of elite youth high altitude and sea level residents. Methods Twenty Sea Level (Australian) and 19 Altitude-resident (Bolivian) soccer players played five games, two near sea level (430 m) and three in La Paz (3600 m). Match activity profile was quantified via global positioning system with the peak 5 min period for distance ((D 5peak )) and high velocity running (&gt;4.17 m/s, HIVR 5peak ); as well as the 5 min period immediately subsequent to the peak for both distance (D 5sub ) and high-velocity running (HIVR 5sub ) identified using a rolling 5 min epoch. The games at 3600 m were compared with the average of the two near sea-level games. Results The total distance per minute was reduced by a small magnitude in the first match at altitude in both teams, without any change in low-velocity running. There were variable changes in HiVR, D 5peak and HiVR 5peak from match to match for each team. There were within-team reductions in D 5peak in each game at altitude compared with those at near sea level, and this reduction was greater by a small magnitude in Australians than Bolivians in game 4. The effect of altitude on HiVR 5peak was moderately lower in Australians compared with Bolivians in game 3. There was no clear difference in the effect of altitude on maximal accelerations between teams. Conclusions High altitude reduces the distance covered by elite youth soccer players during matches. Neither 13 days of acclimatisation nor lifelong residence at high altitude protects against detrimental effects of altitude on match activity profile.
939 HEPATOCYTES AND HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS HAVE PROPERTIES OF STEM/PROGENITOR CELLS DURING PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT AND LIVER REGENERATION
Authors: A. Gumerova, A. Kiassov, M. Kaligin, I. Gazizov, M. Titova, D. Andreeva, S. Abdulkhakov, T. Yilmaz, M. Mavlikeev
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Regulation of Lymphocyte Trafficking by CXC Chemokine Receptor 3 during Septic Shock
Authors: Daniela S. Herzig, Brandon R. Driver, Geping Fang, Tracy E. Toliver-Kinsky, Eric N. Shute, Edward R. Sherwood
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Rationale: Lymphocytes have been shown to facilitate systemic inflammation and physiologic dysfunction in experimental models of severe sepsis. Our previous studies show that natural killer (NK) cells migrate into the peritoneal cavity during intraabdominal sepsis, but the trafficking of NKT and T lymphocytes has not been determined. The factors that regulate lymphocyte trafficking during sepsis are currently unknown.Objectives: To ascertain the importance of CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) as a regulator of lymphocyte trafficking during sepsis and determine the contribution of CXCR3-mediated lymphocyte trafficking to the pathogenesis of septic shock.Methods: Lymphocyte trafficking was evaluated in control and CXCR3-deficient mice using flow cytometry during sepsis caused by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Survival, core temperature, cytokine production, and bacterial clearance were measured as pathobiological endpoints.Measurements and Main Results: This study shows that concentrations of the CXCR3 ligands CXCL9 (monokine induced by interferon γ, MIG) and CXCL10 (interferon γ–induced protein 10, IP-10) increase in plasma and the peritoneal cavity after CLP, peak at 8 hours after infection, and are higher in the peritoneal cavity than in plasma. The numbers of CXCR3+ NK cells progressively decreased in spleen after CLP with a concomitant increase within the peritoneal cavity, a pattern that was ablated in CXCR3-deficient mice. CXCR3-dependent recruitment of T cells was also evident at 16 hours after CLP. Treatment of mice with anti-CXCR3 significantly attenuated CLP-induced hypothermia, decreased systemic cytokine production, and improved survival.Conclusions: CXCR3 regulates NK- and T-cell trafficking during sepsis and blockade of CXCR3 attenuates the pathogenesis of septic shock.
House Calls: The Memoirs of a Country Doctor
Authors: Ray van Wolkenten
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Marvin Brown, MD, has shared with us a lifetime of medical practice in a rural community. I highly recommend the book—for students considering a rural practice; for family practitioners, who will sympathize with many of the events; and for specialists of all sorts, who may or may not know all that the LMD (local medical doctor) has been through. Professional writers may find several problems with this book. There is some imbalance in the details presented: names mentioned that need not be, itineraries given for trips that may not interest the readers, a paucity of detail about some of the patients and their problems. And the book is organized around areas of Dr Brown's life, his medical practice in one section, his family life in another, his social commitments in another. We sometimes lose the sense of growth and development a more chronological approach would give. Together the various sections
Integrating functional and anatomical information to guide cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: François Tournoux, Raymond C. Chan, Robert Manzke, Mark D. Hanschumacher, Annabel A. Chen‐Tournoux, Olivier Gérard, Jorge Solis‐Martin, E. Kevin Heist, Pascal Allain, Vivek Reddy, Jeremy N. Ruskin, Arthur E. Weyman, Michael H. Picard, Jagmeet P. Singh
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, controlled antigen delivery study of the onset of action of aerosolized triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray in subjects with ragweed-induced allergic rhinitis
Authors: James Halliday Day, David Llewellyn Buckeridge, Reginald H. Clark, Maureen Phyllis Briscoe, Robert Phillips
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
Carbenicillin and Bleeding
Authors: Christopher H. Demos
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Regarding the LETTER Waisbren et al (<b>217</b>:1243, 1971), I would like to make the following comments since we did sponsor a limited evaluation of carbenicillin with them. We were seriously concerned about the report to us by Waisbren in his letter of Nov 5, 1969, that two patients developed severe bleeding from cut-down and venous puncture sites while being treated with carbenicillin. As much information as possible was obtained on these patients with Waisbren's kind cooperation and this information was supplied to the Food and Drug Administration. The data were difficult to assess because multiple drug therapy had been given and the patients were both seriously ill with severe infections. Because of our concern that carbenicillin might have played a part, our British colleagues were contacted, and they informed us there were no reports of bleeding from Great Britain or other parts of the world where
741-3 Prevention of Subacute Occlusion After Coronary Stenting with Ticlopidine Regimen without Intravascular Ultrasound Guided Stenting
Authors: Paul Barragan, Marc Silvestri, Joël Sainsous, Jean-B. Siméoni, Gilles Bayet, Jean-L. Bouvier, Bertrand Comet
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AND ANGIOTENSINOGEN M235T POLYMORPHISM ARE DETERMINANTS OF ALDOSTERONE ESCAPE IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: Giuseppe Vergaro, Cinzia Fatini, Elena Sticchi, Cristina Vassalle, Claudio Passino, Michele Emdin, Rosanna Abbate
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Partial characterization of the shift from IgG to IgA synthesis in the clonal differentiation of human leukemic bone marrow-derived lymphocytes.
Authors: R A Rudders, R Ross
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

An unusual B-cell proliferation was noted in an individual (Tun) which was characterized by the presence of two separate populations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cell staining on the surface and in the cytoplasm for either IgG(k) or IgA(k). Utilizing an idiotypic antiserum prepared from the associated serum monoclonal IgG(k) protein the idiotype was detected on the surface and in the cytoplasm of both the IgG- and IgA-bearing cell populations. These observations are consistent with a common clonal origin and a switch mechanism involving IgG and IgA synthesis. Sequential-labeling of Surface Ig and intracellular Ig with antisera conjugated to opposite fluorochromes documented the progressive maturation of the terminal differentiation of the IgA-bearing cell population at a level before morphologically distinct plasma cells. The distribution and pattern of surface and cytoplasmic IgG and IgA staining in individual cells suggest that the direction of switching is from IgG to IgA synthesis. The demonstration of shared idiotypic specificity between the IgG- and IgA-bearing populations is consistent with a transition in Ig heavy chain synthesis resulting from an alternation in the CH gene. It is concluded that certain CLL clones may manifest a switch from IgG to IgA synthesis at a level of B-cell differentiation which encompasses both the B lymphocyte and the Ig-synthesizing plasma cell.
Another New JAMA Feature: 'From the FDA'
Authors: Frank E. Young
Journal: JAMA (1985)

With this issue,The Journalbegins publication of "From the FDA," in the MEDICAL NEWS section, presenting brief, newsworthy items of importance to physicians, related to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) scientific and regulatory activities. We are grateful for this opportunity to communicate directly with physicians throughout the United States and the world because of our renewed commitment to work closely with the medical profession and other health professionals, who may know relatively little about the work of the FDA but whose practice is often significantly affected by what we do. This means of communicating directly with the medical profession is intended to make available current, useful information that can significantly affect medical practice— effective use of new and sophisticated medical instrumentation, new products emerging from the field of biotechnology, and problems associated with our food supply, such as reactions to sulfites. Furthermore, as medical practice becomes more focused