tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Two dimensional motion analysis on angle of knee joint bend during long jump take-off
Authors: P Sureshbabu, C Ashok
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Biomechanics is the sport science field that applies the laws of mechanics and physics to human performance, in order to gain a greater understanding of performance in athletic events through modelling, simulation and measurement. It is also necessary to have a good understanding of the application of physics to sport, as physical principles such as motion, resistance, momentum and friction play a part in most sporting events. Most long jumpers use check marks as a guide in the run up. Check marks can be used in training for the control and adjustments of the acceleration phase as well as the preparation phase of the take-off. Check marks have no value in competition, as the athlete's concentration should be fixed on the take-off board. The purpose of this study was to investigate the angle of the knee joint bend during long jump take off. The take off was examined by a two dimensional motion analysis system. The average angle of the knee joint bend during long jump take off is 192.2 ± 22.4 and the average angle of the knee joint bend during long jump take off of high performers of the group is 166.33 ± 3.26 and the rest of them were 202.12 ± 12.5. The findings of the study opined that one should try to reduce the angle of the knee joint bend during long jump take off for gaining mere performance.
General practitioners are wary of treating sickness in pregnancy
Authors: Roger Gadsby
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Sickness in pregnancy causes symptoms that vary from mild to so severe that hospital admission is required. It is associated with an appreciable loss of time from work1 and disruption of normal social activities,2 and it has been the stated reason for 25-29 terminations of pregnancy every year in the United Kingdom.3 However, many general practitioners in the United Kingdom feel frightened of suggesting any treatment to women presenting with pregnancy …
Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of EGFR and KRAS Mutations in Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jenifer L. Marks, Stephen Broderick, Qin Zhou, Dhananjay Chitale, Allan R. Li, Maureen F. Zakowski, Mark G. Kris, Valerie W. Rusch, Christopher G. Azzoli, Venkatraman E. Seshan, Marc Ladanyi, William Pao
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Dual elimination of the glucagon and GLP-1 receptors in mice reveals plasticity in the incretin axis
Authors: Safina Ali, Benjamin J. Lamont, Maureen J. Charron, Daniel J. Drucker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Disordered glucagon secretion contributes to the symptoms of diabetes, and reduced glucagon action is known to improve glucose homeostasis. In mice, genetic deletion of the glucagon receptor (Gcgr) results in increased levels of the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), which may contribute to the alterations in glucose homeostasis observed in Gcgr-/- mice. Here, we assessed the contribution of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) signaling to the phenotype of Gcgr-/- mice by generating Gcgr-/-Glp1r-/- mice. Although insulin sensitivity was similar in all genotypes, fasting glucose was increased in Gcgr-/-Glp1r-/- mice. Elimination of the Glp1r normalized gastric emptying and impaired intraperitoneal glucose tolerance in Gcgr-/- mice. Unexpectedly, deletion of Glp1r in Gcgr-/- mice did not alter the improved oral glucose tolerance and increased insulin secretion characteristic of that genotype. Although Gcgr-/-Glp1r-/- islets exhibited increased sensitivity to the incretin glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), mice lacking both Glp1r and the GIP receptor (Gipr) maintained preservation of the enteroinsular axis following reduction of Gcgr signaling. Moreover, Gcgr-/-Glp1r-/- islets expressed increased levels of the cholecystokinin A receptor (Cckar) and G protein-coupled receptor 119 (Gpr119) mRNA transcripts, and Gcgr-/-Glp1r-/- mice exhibited increased sensitivity to exogenous CCK and the GPR119 agonist AR231453. Our data reveal extensive functional plasticity in the enteroinsular axis via induction of compensatory mechanisms that control nutrient-dependent regulation of insulin secretion.
Monitoring of the JAK2-V617F mutation by highly sensitive quantitative real-time PCR after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with myelofibrosis
Authors: Nicolaus Kröger, Anita Badbaran, Ernst Holler, Joachim Hahn, Guido Kobbe, Martin Bornhäuser, Andreas Reiter, Tatjana Zabelina, Axel R. Zander, Boris Fehse
Journal: Blood (2006)
Stimulant Use Linked to Sudden Death in Children Without Heart Problems
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITHout apparent underlying heart problemsmaybeat increasedrisk of sudden unexplained death when taking stimulant medications such as methylphenidate, suggests a recent study. However, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which partially funded the study, said the findings are not robust enough to call for a change in the prescribing of these medications. Reports to the FDA and in the medical literature of serious cardiovascular adverse events and sudden death among children takingstimulantmedications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have sparked concern about the safety of these drugs. In fact, the labels for methylphenidate and amphetamine medications were changed in 2006 to note reports of stimulant-related deaths in patients with heart problems and advise against using these products in individuals with known serious structural abnormalities of the heart, cardiomyopathy, or serious heart rhythm abnormalities. Yet there have been insufficient data to confirm whether taking stimulant medication causes cardiac problems or sudden death. There is a plausible biological mechanism by which methylphenidate and other medications used to treat ADHD might cause cardiac problems because, like other stimulants, they cause the heart to beat faster, noted Robert Temple, MD, acting director of the FDA’s Office of Drug Evaluation I, during an FDA press briefing after the release of the study. Such effects would be particularly harmful to those with underlying cardiac problems. “The question has always been is there reason to be concerned about such a risk in individuals who don’t have underlying heart disease,” Temple said. To provide such necessary data, Madelyn S. Gould, MPH, PhD, of Co-
Women in Medicine: A Celebration of Their Work
Authors: H. S. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16968: Troponin I Is an Independent Predictor of Long-Term Coronary Events Following Myocardial Infarction or Unstable Angina: Results from the Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Trial
Authors: Harvey D White, Andrew Tonkin, Kristy Mann, John Simes, Malcolm West, Stefan Blankenberg
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background The role of higher-sensitivity troponins in predicting long-term outcomes in patients with stable CHD is not clearly defined. Objective: To assess the value of a higher sensitivity troponin I (TnI) assay to predict outcomes during median follow-up of 6 years and to assess the effect of pravastatin on TnI levels and outcomes. Methods Among 9014 patients in LIPID with cholesterol levels 4.0-7.0 mmol/L randomized to placebo or pravastatin after MI or unstable angina 3-36 months previously, TnI levels (Siemens ultra, level of detection 0.006 ng/mL, 99th percentile with CV 10% 0.04 ng/mL) were measured at randomization and at 1 year. Baseline TnI levels (ng/ml) were assessed in 3 groups: not detectable (38%), 0.006-0.018 (31%), and ≥0.018 (31%), and change over 1 year defined as a change in group. Results Patients with the highest TnI levels were older, more likely to have previous MI, and to be on ACE inhibitors but less likely to be on beta-blockers. Levels of TnI at 1 year had decreased in 25%, were unchanged (51%) or increased (23%), but pravastatin had no effect on TnI levels. In a multivariable Cox regression for CHD death or nonfatal MI, HR was 2.02 (95% CI 1.66-2.45), P &lt;0.001, for levels of TnI above the reference 99th percentile (0.04 ng/mL), vs undetectable levels, adjusted for baseline risk factors. In multivariable landmark analysis of 6544 patients event-free at 12 months, baseline TnI levels and changes in TnI were both independent predictors of subsequent CHD events ( P &lt;0.001), even after adjustment for 23 traditional risk factors, including treatment. The effect of pravastatin in reducing CHD events remained highly significant in each model ( P &lt;0.02) and was independent of TnI levels. Conclusions Baseline and change to 1 year in TnI levels, additional to traditional risk factors, were independent predictors of CHD death and MI. TnI was more powerful for predicting fatal than nonfatal events (table), and the benefits of pravastatin were independent of TnI levels.
Magnesium content of serum, circulating mononuclear cells, skeletal muscle, and myocardium in congestive heart failure.
Authors: M A Ralston, M R Murnane, R E Kelley, R A Altschuld, D V Unverferth, C V Leier
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Deranged magnesium concentrations in serum and cardiovascular structures have been implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, and sudden death. This study was conducted to determine the status and interrelation of serum and tissue concentrations of magnesium in patients with congestive heart failure, a clinical setting purportedly predisposed to the development of depleted levels of this cation. Magnesium concentrations of serum, circulating mononuclear cells, skeletal muscle, and myocardium were measured in 23 patients with heart failure on standard therapy. Two patients were hypomagnesemic (less than 1.6 meq/l). Poor or no correlations were found between serum and tissue magnesium concentrations and among the magnesium concentrations of the three tissues studied. Strong direct correlations were, however, noted between magnesium and potassium concentrations of the tissues examined. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia in this typical ambulatory heart failure population is relatively low (9%) and serum, circulating mononuclear cell, skeletal muscle, and myocardial magnesium concentrations correlate poorly with each other. Serum, circulating mononuclear cell, and skeletal muscle magnesium concentrations are thus of little predictive value in assessing the status of myocardial magnesium in humans with heart failure.
“Snorkeling” for missing players in cancer
Authors: Riccardo Taulli, Pier Paolo Pandolfi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are emerging as an important new class of genes deregulated in cancer. Orphans snoRNAs are encoded outside of ribosomal protein genes and are involved in either gene splicing or are microRNA precursors. In this issue of JCI, Chu et al. find that ACA11, an orphan snoRNA encoded in an intron of the WHSC1 gene, is aberrantly overexpressed in t(4;14)-positive patients with multiple myeloma (MM), in which it influences growth of MM cells, resistance to chemotherapy, and oxidative stress. These findings represent the first identification of a snoRNA overexpressed as a consequence of a chromosomal translocation, a potent driving force of the neoplastic process in general and hematopoietic malignancies in particular.
CpG + CpNpG Analysis of Protein-Coding Sequences from Tomato
Authors: A. Hobolth
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

We develop codon-based models for simultaneously inferring the mutational effects of CpG and CpNpG methylation in coding regions. In a data set of 369 tomato genes, we show that there is very little effect of CpNpG methylation but a strong effect of CpG methylation affecting almost all genes. We further show that the CpNpG and CpG effects are largely uncorrelated. Our results suggest different roles of CpG and CpNpG methylation, with CpNpG methylation possibly playing a specialized role in defense against transposons and RNA viruses.
Clinical Studies on Veratrum Alkaloids
Authors: EDWARD MEILMAN, OTTO KRAYER
Journal: Circulation (1952)

An extensive study of the hypotensive properties of protoveratrine, a pure crystalline ester alkaloid from Veratrum album , has been made in hypertensive and normotensive individuals. This drug is shown to be capable of lowering the blood pressure in hypertension of varied etiologies including essential hypertension, acute or chronic renal disease, malignant hypertension, toxemia of pregnancy, and carcinoma of the adrenal cortex. The relationships between dose and response from single intravenous, continuous intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration have been determined.
Coarctation of the Aorta in Older Patients
Authors: F. T. I. Oey, J. A. Noordijk
Journal: Thorax (1961)

Coarctation of the aorta has received increasing clinical attention since its surgical treatment has become possible (Crafoord and Nylin, 1945; Gross and Hufnagel, 1945). The diagnosis generally offers no difficulty, but the question as to whether and when a patient with this condition should be submitted to operation is not always readily answered. In this connexion it is important to know the expectation of life in a case of coarctation of the aorta not submitted to an operation; the mortality of surgical treatment in these cases; and the results obtained by resection of the stenosis. As early as 1928, investigations made by Hamilton and Abbott showed that the average age of untreated patients was 33.5 years, and Reifenstein, Levine, and Gross (1947) found an average of 35 years in 104 post-mortem cases. Since the mortality of the operation in uncomplicated cases in the favourable age group has become low, the general opinion is that patients in whom coarctation has been diagnosed should be considered for surgical treatment. Some maintain, however, that no operation must be resorted to in patients over 25 years of age who are asymptomatic. In 1948, Newman reported on the results of his investigations in 23 older patients with coarctation of the aorta. Three had been soldiers during the first world war. Of these three, one died at the age of 68. This led the author to the conclusion that the prognosis of coarctation of the aorta in older subjects is not so unfavourable if the condition does not give rise to symptoms before the age of 25, but it should be pointed out that Newman's series is too small to sustain his conclusion. Bramwell (1947) also believed that the expectation of life in patients with coarctation of the aorta was good if the condition caused no symptoms before the thirtieth year of life. Gross (1953) maintained that the operation should preferably not be performed in patients over 25 years of age because, in these patients, the aorta often already shows such changes as increase the risk entailed by a vascular suture. Groves and Effler (1960) reported on three surgical patients more than 45 years of age. Two of these died, one as a result of mycotic aneurysm and the other because of encephalomalacia of the right cerebral hemisphere. The authors believed that the cause should be found in the inadequate oxygen supply to the markedly arteriosclerotic cerebrum as a result of the decrease in blood pressure in the upper half of the body after the operation. They believed that no rules should be set up regarding an age limit; each case should be individually evaluated. We, too, were reserved in determining surgical indications in older patients with asymptomatic coarctation of the aorta. The case histories of the following patients show, however, that coarctation of the aorta can cause vitally dangerous complications even if it causes no symptoms or does so only at a more advanced age.
Does More Intensive Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly Reduce Mortality?
Authors: Mark McClellan
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To determine the effect of more intensive treatments on mortality in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Analysis of incremental treatment effects using differential distances as instrumental variables to account for unobserved case-mix variation (selection bias) in observational Medicare claims data (1987 through 1991).Survival to 4 years after AMI.Patients who receive different treatments differ in observable and unobservable health characteristics, biasing estimates of treatment effects based on standard methods of adjusting for observable differences. Patients' differential distances to alternative types of hospitals are strong independent predictors of how intensively an AMI patient will be treated and appear uncorrelated with health status. Thus, differential distances approximately randomize patients to different likelihoods of receiving intensive treatments. Comparisons of patient groups that differ only in differential distances show that the impact on mortality at 1 to 4 years after AMI of the incremental ("marginal") use of invasive procedures in Medicare patients was at most 5 percentage points; this gain was achieved during the first day of hospitalization and therefore appears attributable to treatments other than the procedures. Admission to a hospital treating a high volume of AMI patients was associated with an effect on mortality at 4 years of less than 1 percentage point, again arising on day 1. Patients living in rural areas experienced acute mortality that was an additional 0.6 percentage-point higher, after controlling for less access to intensive treatments.For elderly patients with AMI, the aspects of treatment most affecting long-term survival relate to care within the first 24 hours of admission. The survival benefits from greater use of catheterization and revascularization procedures appear minimal in marginal patients.
Claims by servicemen who took part in nuclear tests are dealt a serious blow
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Compensation claims on behalf of servicemen who took part in UK nuclear tests in the Pacific in the 1950s have been dealt a severe blow by a Court of Appeal ruling that nine out of the 10 lead cases cannot go to trial.

The men scored a victory in the High Court in June 2009 when Mr Justice Foskett rejected arguments from the Ministry of Defence that test cases had been brought too late and should not proceed. But three appeal court judges overturned that judgment, holding that nine of the 10 cases had been launched outside the legal time limit and refusing …
Effects of Season of Birth on Autism Spectrum Disorders: Fact or Fiction?
Authors: Alexander Kolevzon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: This study attempted to examine the relationship between month and season of birth and risk for autism spectrum disorders. Method: The cohort included all Jewish individuals born in Israel over 5 consecutive years (N=311,169) and assessed by the Israeli Draft Board as part of the mandatory assessment of eligibility for military service conducted at age 17. The outcome of autism spectrum disorders was ascertained from the Draft Board Medical Registry, which contains information about medical and psychiatric disorders for this population of adolescents. Results: There was no association between month or season of birth and the prevalence of autistic spectrum disorders. Conclusions: The findings from this historical, population-based cohort study do not support an association between season of birth and autistic spectrum disorders.
House Staff Supervision and Working Hours
Authors: Tsung O. Cheng
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  Now that the regulatory change in New York State restricting the number of hours worked by resident physicians has been in existence for a year, the article by Thorpe 1 is timely and sobering, but there is more to it than just the financial implications.  As emphasized by Spencer, 2 continuity of care is the most important characteristic of high-quality patient care. Continuity of care is the best and only way the physician can remain familiar with pertinent data concerning the patient's illness. This is especially true when unexpected problems arise. A very dangerous situation exists when a patient develops an unexpected complication at night or on a weekend when the physician in charge is off duty.  This lack of continuity of care consequent to the regulatory change in New York State not only poses a hazard to the patient but also proves detrimental to the education
TCT-189 Comparison of Effectiveness of Sirolymus Eluting and Paclitaxel Eluting Dedicated Coronary Bifurcation Stents – Results from Bulgarian Bifurcation Optimal Stenting Strategy with Dedicated Coronary Bifurcation Stent (Bul – BIOSS) Registry
Authors: Dobrin Vassilev, Alexander Alexandrov, Hristo F. Mateev, Iliana Petrova
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A Pooled Analysis of Diagnostic Value of 99mTc-Ubiquicidin (UBI) Scintigraphy in Detection of an Infectious Process
Authors: Afshin Ostovar, Mahsan Assadi, Katayoun Vahdat, Iraj Nabipour, Hamid Javadi, Mohammad Eftekhari, Majid Assadi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Although the data are promising from limited studies with technetium-99m ubiquicidin (Tc-UBI) scintigraphy in detection of infection in humans, these studies have had a limited sample size. This study was conducted to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of the reported diagnostic accuracy of Tc-UBI scintigraphy in detection of an infectious process.The PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar literature databases were systematically searched to find the relevant human studies on Tc-UBI scintigraphy. For each eligible study, the true-positive, false-positive, true-negative, and false-negative findings at Tc-UBI scintigraphy were recorded, and the overall statistical parameters were acquired.Ten studies carried out from 2004 to 2010 were included in the analysis. The pooled data sensitivity was 94.5 % and with a 95% confidence interval of 91.2%-96.8%. The pooled specificity was still as high as about 92.7%. The range of reported specificity was from 80% to 100%. The overall accuracy was 93.7% (95% CI: 91.2%-95.7%).The study demonstrated that Tc-UBI scintigraphy can be used to identify an infectious process with admirable accuracy in early views; however, further investigations are recommended.