tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oral Contraceptives, Estrogen, and Carbohydrate Metabolism.
Authors: Herbert Gershberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Oral Contraceptives, Estrogen, and Carbohydrate Metabolism.Herbert Gershberg, M.D., F.A.C.P., Zenaida C. Javier, M.D., Mildred M. Hulse, M.S.Herbert Gershberg, M.D., F.A.C.P., Zenaida C. Javier, M.D., Mildred M. Hulse, M.S.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1059_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptApproximately 45% of women taking oral contraceptives over 3 years have impaired glucose tolerance, and 85% have abnormal cortisone glucose tolerance. Five milligrams norethynodrel and 0.075 mg mestranol, 1 mg ethynodiol diacetate and 0.10 mg mestranol, and (sequential) 0.080 mg mestranol for 15 days and 0.080 mg mestranol and 2 mg chlormadinone acetate for 5 days—all produce these changes. The responsible component is the estrogen, and administration of 0.075 mg mestranol daily produces similar changes.A reduction in insulin secretion is not the cause of the abnormalities since insulin secretion in response to glucose initially increases. The serum insulin binding... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Herbert Gershberg, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Zenaida C. Javier, M.D.; Mildred M. Hulse, M.S.Affiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAlterations of Endocrine Function in Pregnancy 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1059-1059KeywordsCarbohydrate metabolismEstrogensGlucoseGlucose intoleranceGlucose toleranceInsulinInsulin secretionOral contraceptive therapy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
"Heels - For and against"
Authors: E. Lewis
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1970)

Would Athletics and Sportsmen benefit from wearing sport shoes with built-in heel raises, or normal shoes without heels and with completely flat soles?In normal everyday activity, men wear shoes with heels, varying in size from j -4", but when they partake in athletic activity -Football, Rugby, Physical Education, Tennis, Athletics etc., they change into flat soled footwear, such as football boots, gym shoes, running spikes etc., which in my opinion produce an increase in tension on the calf musculature and the knee joint, plus circulatory disturbance, which over a period of 90 mins. is sufficient to cause muscle fatigue and cramp in the calf muscles.This condition is more pronounced and earlier in effect when ground conditions are less firm -for example, the Wembley final Leeds v Chelsea, when numerous players became subject to cramp.It would be interesting to see the effect if one team played in heeled football boots, and the other in the normal styled boots.Heels would also minimise Tendo -Achilles strains which middle distance and cross country runners are prone to develop early in the season.
Heroin Detoxification
Authors: Forest S. Tennant
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Propoxyphene napsylate and methadone hydrochloride were each administered under double-blind conditions to 36 outpatients for 21-day heroin detoxification. The initial dosage was 24 mg/day for methadone hydrochloride and 800 mg/day for propoxyphene napsylate. At these dosages, methadone more effectively suppressed the opiate-withdrawal syndrome, and patients remained in treatment longer in the methadone group (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). In regard to heroin abstinence, however, results were not statistically significant in either group, as indicated by the number of patients whose urine was positive for morphine on admission and became negative during treatment, and the number who had morphine-negative urine at the conclusion of 21-day treatment. A one-month follow-up of patients showed that more patients given methadone had entered long-term medical maintenance while more patients given propoxyphene were heroin-abstinent. This study indicates that 21-day heroin detoxification, regardless of chemotherapeutic agent, yields a low rate of heroin abstinence. (<i>JAMA</i>232:1019-1022, 1975)
Safety and Immunogenicity of Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimens in Adults With HIV-1—Reply
Authors: Odile Launay
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
837. Prolonged Gene Expression in Murine Salivary Glands Following FIV-Based Lentiviral Vector Transduction
Authors: Ela Shai, Reba Condiotti, Michael A. Curran, Garry P. Nolan, Eithan Galun
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background/Aims: Salivary glands have been suggested as an accessible organ for introduction of transgenes enabling expression of recombinant proteins in the saliva, as well as their secretion to the blood circulation. Introduction of viral vectors to the salivary glands is facilitated by direct cannulation via their ducts, which open into the oral cavity. FIV-based lentiviral vectors have the ability to infect non-dividing cells, and are therefore well-suited for transduction of the characteristically slow-replicating salivary gland cells. Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy of FIV vector-based gene transfer to murine salivary glands.
Hysterical Psychosis: Clarification of the Concept
Authors: STEVEN J. HIRSCH, MARC H. HOLLENDER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

Rather than being the end product of a single process, hysterical psychosis may result from three different processes. To sharpen the focus on this often elusive entity, the authors discuss the three processes—culturally sanctioned behavior, appropriation of psychotic behavior, and true psychosis—and consider their relationship to each other and to the clinical categories of conversion reaction and hysterical personality.
Report of a Recent Case of Hydrophobia
Authors: J. Aikenhead
Journal: BMJ (1845)

A case of hydrophobia, terminating in death, having recently occurred in my practice, I have, at the sug- gestion of some of my medical friends, dravn up the following report for communication to the Society.Moreover, if the history of every instance of this disease, given faithfully and in detail, were put on record, there might at length be formed an accumu- lation of data, on whlich futuire investigators might base a definite pathology and successful mode of treatment.Without entering into any general description of hydrophobia, wvhich were useless after the labours of Drs.Samuel And James Bardsley, I shall first relate the case of Aaron Fletcher, and then add some remarks wlhiclh the peculiarities of the case, both as regards symptoms and treatment, suggest.March 30th, 1845.Aa.ron Fletcher, aged 48, of sanguineo-nervous temperament, and irregular babits, a maker-up and packer, six weeks since, tlhough cautioned against it by the owner, persisted in teazing a dog, and.was bitten at the root of the index finger of the riglht hand.Some suspicion that the dog was mad being entertained at the time, thouglh the wound was not severe, he was urged by his family to apply for medical anssistance, but refuised.The wound was wvashed with vinegar and salt, and healed in abotut af week.For a day or two past he has felt pains, extending fronm the injured hand up the arm, which lie attributed to rbeuimatism.In the night of the 28-29tb, he awoke from sleep, startled, and heaving several deep sighs; and in the morning, when lie arose, felt chilly, slhivering, and
Primary Paroxysmal Myoglobinuria
Authors: Michael David Bailie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

SINCE the first case of primary paroxysmal myoglobinuria was reported by Meyer-Betz1 in 1911 more than 60 cases have appeared in the literature. The frequency of diagnosis appears to be increasing; however, the pathogenesis of the disease remains obscure. The first case of primary myoglobinuria treated at the Indiana University Medical Center was in 1957.2 Recently, a second patient with the disease was seen. Both cases were similar in the severity of illness, and both demonstrated some of the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment.Case ReportA 3-year-old boy with the dual complaints of muscle pain and weakness associated with . . .
Radionuclide Renal Scan Findings in Rupture of the Ureter
Authors: PARTHA SINHA, K. JENNIE CHUN, KHALID SALEEMI, JONATHAN E. SCHEINER, LEONARD M. FREEMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Radionuclide renal scan findings in a patient with iatrogenic rupture of the ureter are reported. Although the literature contains reports of the radionuclide scan in rupture of the ureter from other causes, this, to our knowledge is the first description of the scan findings in iatrogenic rupture.
Regulation of bile acid synthesis by deoxycholic acid in the rat: Different effects on cholesterol 7?-hydroxylase and sterol 27-hydroxylase*1
Authors: S SHEFER
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We examined the effects of feeding deoxycholic acid (1% and 0.4% of diet), alone and in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid, on serum and biliary bile acid concentrations, hepatic morphology, and the activities and steady-state messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase in the rat. Feeding 1% deoxycholic acid increased serum bile acid concentrations (cholestasis), produced portal triad inflammation, bile duct proliferation, and severe hepatocyte necrosis with nuclear pleomorphism. Hepatic damage was prevented when ursodeoxycholic acid (1%) was combined with the deoxycholic acid (1%), or when deoxycholic acid intake was reduced to 0.4%. HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activities were markedly inhibited (-56% and -55%, respectively) with either 1% or 0.4% deoxycholic acid. Ursodeoxycholic acid alone produced an insignificant decline in HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activities, and when combined with 1% deoxycholic acid did not lessen the inhibitory effect of the latter. Steady state mRNA levels increased 20-fold for HMG-CoA reductase and 53-fold for cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase in rats fed 1% deoxycholic acid. In contrast, 0.4% deoxycholic acid decreased HMG-CoA reductase mRNA levels 76%, and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase mRNA levels 82%. Ursodeoxycholic acid alone did not affect HMG-CoA reductase or cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase steady-state mRNA levels. Steady-state mRNA levels and activities of sterol 27-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in the alternative acidic pathway of bile acid synthesis, did not change with either high or low doses of deoxycholic acid. In conclusion, 1% deoxycholic acid induced hepatocyte destruction and regeneration associated with increased mRNA levels for HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, but significantly suppressed both enzyme activities. Thus, high-dose deoxycholic acid uncouples HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase mRNA levels from enzyme function. In contrast, lower-dose deoxycholic acid (0.4%) inhibited both activities and mRNA levels of HMG-CoAreductase and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase. Adding 1% ursodeoxycholic acid to 1% deoxycholic acid prevented the rise in mRNA levels but did not lessen the inhibitory effect of the latter. This inhibition occurred without change in hepatic histology, which suggests a regulatory role for deoxycholic acid that is independent of liver damage. Conversely, sterol 27-hydroxylase activity and mRNA levels are not affected by deoxycholic acid treatments.
Arterial Blood Pressure Measurements with a Portable Recorder in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: HERBERT K. KAIN, ALLEN T. HINMAN, MAURICE SOKOLOW
Journal: Circulation (1964)

THE clinical significance of the "casual" arterial blood pressure level recorded in a physician's office or in an outpatient clinic is often difficult to interpret.1-12As most physicians are aware, such casual readings may not be representative of the patient's usual blood pressure.Clinical investigators have therefore measured the blood pressure iri a variety of circumstances in the hope of acquiring more meaningful information about its range and variability.In addition to frequently repeated casual pressures, they have examined "basal' pressures,' pressures taken at home either by the patient or a member of his family,3 and pressures taken after breath-holding,'3 during cold pressor tests'14 and after mental arithmetic 15 or other stimuli.7,16 Although the data obtained contribute to a broader and more dynamic picture of the blood pressure, the conditions of each study are more or less artificial; thus, the re- corded pressures may not reflect the patient's pressure levels during normal daily activity.Recently, Hinman and associates 17 devel- oped a semiautomatic portable blood pres- sure recorder that a patient can wear with little inconvenience while going about his usual routine.The pressure cuff is placed on the upper arm and the electronic equipment and battery are worn at the waist (fig.1).
Holy spirit? An unusual cause of pseudomonal infection in a multiply injured patient.
Authors: I. Greaves, K. M. Porter
Journal: BMJ (1992)

A 19 year old man jumped from the tenth floor of his residential block of flats in February 1989, sustaining multiple life threatening injuries (table).He was taken to the major injuries unit of this hospital.On arrival, he was resuscitated, intubated, and electively ventilated.A chest drain was inserted;
Woman may face death penalty in postnatal depression case
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A US organisation has called for more research into postpartum depression and better services for women affected by the disorder, as the trial of a mother charged with capital murder for drowning her five children reached its final stages this week.

A Texas jury has been hearing final arguments in the case of a woman who has admitted drowning her five children, who ranged in age from 6 months to 7 years, on 20 June 2001. Despite a history of severe mental illness dating back to 1999, former nurse Andrea Yates, aged 37, living with her husband in Houston, Texas, could face the death penalty if she is found guilty.

“It is horrific and barbaric,” said Sonia Murdock, president of Postpartum Support International, which provides support and information for women with the condition and carries out research. “We are totally against the execution of mentally ill mothers,” she said, admitting, “We are so much further behind [in the United States] than in the United Kingdom.”

Her organisation is fighting for better provision for women with the condition and has the backing of Congressional representative Bobby Rush, who is supporting the Melanie Stokes Postpartum Bill. The bill, named after a woman who killed herself four months after the birth of her …
Cardiotoxicity of Epirubicin Versus Doxorubicin: Cost and Clinical Results
Authors: Gerard J. Ventura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

drome by commenting on the importance of clinically relevant end points, the need for compliance assessment, and the potential of early intervention. These are important points, and we acknowledge that each of these three “negative” trials may have limitations. However, any such limitations in their own right do not justify the use of EPA. After three large “negative” studies, the onus of demonstrating benefit now rests in the hands of proponents of EPA. These proponents must put forth critical new evidence to convince cancer patients, their families, and oncologists that this agent continues to be worthy of clinical investigation. For others of us who continue to observe the devastating decline of weight-losing cancer patients on a daily basis—despite their ingestion of EPA-containing supplements—we think it time to move on and study other agents.
578. Suppression of Inflammation Following Intramuscular Administration of Pseudotyped AAV-TNFR:Fc Vectors in a Rat Model of Arthritis
Authors: Haim Burstein, Kurt Lustig, Ziv Sandalon
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

TNF-α antagonists such as anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibodies or soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor have proven to be useful therapeutics for the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. In the current study, we employed a monoarticular arthritis model in rats that allowed us to evaluate the long-term effect of TNFR:Fc expression on recurrence of joint inflammation. Monoarticular arthritis was initiated by injection of a small dose of peptidoglycan-polysaccharide polymers (PG-APS) isolated from cell walls of group A streptocci into the hind ankle joint. This resulted in a flare of inflammation that resolved within five days. Intramuscular administration of AAV-TNFR:Fc vectors performed on day seven. To assess the long-term effect of TNFR:Fc expressions on suppression of arthritis in this model, animals were evaluated for four rounds of remission and reactivation of joint inflammation. Reactivation of joint inflammation was induced by intravenous injection of PG-APS. Animals that were treated with vehicle, 109, 5x109 DRP of AAV2/1-TNFR:Fc or 1012 DRP of AAV2-TNFR:Fc developed a significant flare of inflammation in their ankle joints. In these animals, levels of TNFR:Fc protein in the circulation were below 0.75 μg/mL. In contrast, when animals were treated with 1010, 1011or 1012 DRP of AAV2/1-TNFR:Fc, levels of TNFR:Fc protein in the circulation were 1.27–8.35 μg/mL, 6.8–27.4 μg/mL and 19.6–61 μg/mL, respectively. The inflammatory response in these animals, as measured by joint volume, was completely suppressed. To increase the transduction efficiency of AAV2/2- TNFR:Fc following administration of 1012 DRP, we employed treatment with proteosome inhibitor that has been shown to enhance AAV transduction. In these animals, levels of TNFR:Fc protein in the circulation increased up to 3.65 μg/mL, and led to significant decrease in joint inflammation. This study provides proof of concept for long-term suppression of experimental arthritis in rats, following intramuscular delivery of AAV-TNFR:Fc vectors and represent a novel therapeutic approach for chronic inflammatory arthritis.
Diagnosis and Immunotherapy of Mould Allergy
Authors: H.‐J. Malling, S. Dreborg, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1986)

A placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study of immunotherapy with the mould species Cladosporium was performed in 22 adult asthmatics. The diagnosis of Cladosporium allergy was based on a combination of bronchial provocation test and daily symptom score in the Cladosporium season. An aqueous preparation of a potent, biologically standardized and purified extract was used in a clustered dose‐increase regimen. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by a combination of symptoms (asthma score + peak flow) and consumption of antiasthmatic medication. The mean changes in symptoms and medication consumption over a 10–week registration period (peak Cladosporium season) in 1982 after 5–7 months of immunotherapy were compared with the corresponding 1981 pretreatment 10‐week period A significant ( P = 0.03) difference in terms of “improved”, “unchanged” and “deteriorated” patients in favour of Cladosporium treatment was found. Approximately 80% in the Cladosporium group showed improved/unchanged symptoms contrary to 30% of the placebo treated. Side effects were observed frequently but only in the Cladosporium ‐treated. About 70% experienced a large local reaction and 100% had episodes of asthma during dose‐increase phase. Only a few severe systemic reactions occurred. Based on the clinical efficacy of the treatment we consider immunotherapy with Cladosporium feasible for highly specialized clinics.
Beta3-Adrenoreceptor Stimulation Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation
Authors: Juan P. Aragón, Marah E. Condit, Shashi Bhushan, Benjamin L. Predmore, Sandeep S. Patel, D. Bennett Grinsfelder, Susheel Gundewar, Saurabh Jha, John W. Calvert, Lili A. Barouch, Madhav Lavu, Harold M. Wright, David J. Lefer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Unique, Highly Proliferative Growth Phenotype Expressed by Embryonic and Neointimal Smooth Muscle Cells Is Driven by Constitutive Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K Signaling and Is Actively Repressed by PTEN
Authors: Peter M. Mourani, Pamela J. Garl, Janet M. Wenzlau, Todd C. Carpenter, Kurt R. Stenmark, Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— At distinct times during embryonic development and after vascular injury, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) exhibit a highly proliferative, serum-independent growth phenotype. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the functional role of S6 ribosomal protein (S6RP) and upstream positive and negative regulators in the control of SMC serum-independent growth. Methods and Results— We previously reported increased expression of S6RP mRNA was associated with this unique growth phenotype. Using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, we report high levels of total and phospho-S6RP and increased levels of Akt and p70S6K phosphorylation, upstream positive regulators of S6RP, in rat embryonic aortas and adult balloon-injured carotid arteries compared with quiescent adult aortas and uninjured carotid arteries. Western blot analysis demonstrated that cultured embryonic and neointimal SMCs that exhibited serum-independent growth capabilities expressed high levels of S6RP and constitutively active Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K. Pharmacological and molecular inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways, using PI3K inhibitors, rapamycin, or dominant-negative Akt adenovirus, suppressed embryonic and neointimal SMC serum-independent growth. Finally, decreased activity of PTEN, an endogenous negative regulator of PI3K signaling, was associated with high in vivo SMC growth rates, and morpholino-mediated loss of endogenous PTEN induced a serum-independent growth phenotype in cultured serum-dependent SMCs. Conclusions— The possibility exists that cells that exhibit a distinct embryonic-like growth phenotype different from traditional SMCs are major contributors to intimal thickening. Growth of SMCs that exhibit this phenotype is dependent on constitutive Akt and mTOR/p70S6K signaling and is actively inhibited through the timed acquisition of the endogenously produced growth suppressor PTEN.