tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chest wall syndrome. A common cause of unexplained cardiac pain
Authors: S. E. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Twelve patients with severe, often incapacitating chest pain initially believed to be cardiac in origin were shown on subsequent evaluation to have chest wall syndrome. Diagnosis was suspected by the atypical nature of pain in 11 of 12 patients and confirmed by chest wall tenderness simulating the spontaneously occurring pain in all. Seven patients had chest wall syndrome in conjunction with other associated cardiac conditions. Five patients had isolated chest wall syndrome. All five had normal ejection fractions and no regional wall abnormalities on radionuclide cineangiographic studies performed during symptom-limited supine exercise, findings observed in few patients with coronary artery disease. Chest wall syndrome should be considered in all patients with chest pain, as its recognition can greatly aid in patient care.
Recovery From Marrow Failure Following Isogenic Marrow Infusion
Authors: E. Donnall Thomas, John H. Phillips, Clement A. Finch
Journal: JAMA (1964)

AN IMMUNOLOGIC BARRIER to transplantation does not exist when donor and host are of the same genetic origin (isogenic). In several species, including man, an infusion of isogenic marrow has been effective in restoring marrow function after lethal irradiation.<sup>1-3</sup>Similarly, isogenic marrow may in some instances prevent death from marrow failure following chemotherapy for malignant disease.<sup>4-6</sup>This report describes a case of idiopathic bone-marrow failure with recovery following an infusion of isogenic marrow from an identical twin. Four similar cases are reviewed.<sup>7-9</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> In a 9-year-old girl, one of a set of identical twins, severe epistaxis and hematemesis developed in January, 1962. There was no history of any preceding upper-respiratorytract infection nor of exposure to toxic agents or drugs. She was treated with iron, cortisone acetate, and two blood transfusions. Because of continued nosebleeds, she was referred to the University Hospital on Feb 18,
Preventing Depressive Relapse and Recurrence in Higher-Risk Cognitive Therapy Responders
Authors: Robin B. Jarrett, Abu Minhajuddin, Howard Gershenfeld, Edward S. Friedman, Michael E. Thase
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

IMPORTANCEStrategies to improve the course of recurrent major depressive disorder have great public health relevance.To reduce the risk of relapse/recurrence after acute phase cognitive therapy (CT), a continuation phase model of therapy may improve outcomes.OBJECTIVES To test the efficacy of continuation phase CT (C-CT) and fluoxetine for relapse prevention in a pill placebo (PBO)-controlled randomized trial and compare the durability of prophylaxis after discontinuation of treatments.DESIGN A sequential, 3-stage design with an acute phase (all patients received 12 weeks of CT); 8-month experimental phase (responders at higher risk were randomized to C-CT, fluoxetine, or PBO); and 24 months of longitudinal, posttreatment follow-up. SETTING Two university-based specialty clinics.PATIENTS A total of 523 adults with recurrent major depressive disorder began acute phase CT, of which 241 higher-risk responders were randomized and 181 subsequently entered the follow-up. INTERVENTIONSCognitive therapy responders at higher risk for relapse were randomized to receive 8 months of C-CT (n = 86), fluoxetine (n = 86), or PBO (n = 69).MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Survival analyses of relapse/recurrence rates, as determined by blinded evaluators using DSM-IV criteria and the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation. RESULTSAs predicted, the C-CT or fluoxetine groups were significantly less likely to relapse than the PBO group across 8 months.Relapse/recurrence rates for C-CT and fluoxetine were nearly identical during the 8 months of treatment, although C-CT patients were more likely to accept randomization, stayed in treatment longer, and attended more sessions than those in the fluoxetine and PBO groups.Contrary to prediction, relapse/recurrence rates following the discontinuation of C-CT and fluoxetine did not differ.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Relapse risk was reduced by both C-CT and fluoxetine in an enriched randomization sampling only CT responders.The preventive effects of C-CT were not significantly more durable than those of fluoxetine after treatment was stopped, suggesting that some higher-risk patients may require alternate longer-term interventions.
Recommendations for assessing Patient‐Reported Outcomes and Health‐Related quality of life in clinical trials on allergy: a GA<sup>2</sup>LEN taskforce position paper
Authors: I. Baiardini, P. J. Bousquet, Z. Brzoza, G. W. Canonica, E. Compalati, A. Fiocchi, W. Fokkens, R. G. Van Wijk, S. La Grutta, C. Lombardi, M. Maurer, A. M. Pinto, E. Ridolo, G. E. Senna, I. Terreehorst, A. Todo Bom, J. Bousquet, T. Zuberbier, F. Braido
Journal: Allergy (2009)

The aim of this Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2)LEN) consensus report is to provide recommendations for patient-reported outcomes (PROs) evaluation in clinical trials for allergic diseases, which constitute a global health problem in terms of physical, psychological economic and social impact. During the last 40 years, PROs have gained large consideration and use in the scientific community, to gain a better understanding of patients' subjective assessment with respect to elements concerning their health condition. They include all health-related reports coming from the patient, without involvement or interpretation by physician or others. PROs assessment should be performed by validated tools (disease-specific tools when available or generic ones) selected taking into account the aim of the study, the expected intervention effects and the determinant and confounding factors or patient-related factors which could influence PROs. Moreover, each tool should be used exclusively in the patient population following the authors' indications without modification and performing a cross-cultural validation if the tool must be used in a language that differs from the original. The result analysis also suggests that the relevance of PROs results in any interventional study should include a pre-post assessment providing information concerning statistical differences within or among groups, rates of response for the PROs and a minimal important difference for the population. The report underlines the importance of further investigation on some topics, such as the quality assessment of existing PROs tools, the definition of inclusion and exclusion criteria and a more extensive evaluation of the correlation between PROs, besides health-related quality of life, and clinical data.
Nuclear Phospho-Akt Increase Predicts Synergy of PI3K Inhibition and Doxorubicin in Breast and Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Jeffrey J. Wallin, Jane Guan, Wei Wei Prior, Kyle A. Edgar, Robert Kassees, Deepak Sampath, Marcia Belvin, Lori S. Friedman
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2010)

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is frequently disrupted in cancer and implicated in multiple aspects of tumor growth and survival. In addition, increased activity of this pathway in cancer is associated with resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that PI3K inhibitors could help to overcome resistance to chemotherapies. We used preclinical cancer models to determine the effects of combining the DNA-damaging drug doxorubicin with GDC-0941, a class I PI3K inhibitor that is currently being tested in early-stage clinical trials. We found that PI3K inhibition significantly increased apoptosis and enhanced the antitumor effects of doxorubicin in a defined set of breast and ovarian cancer models. Doxorubicin treatment caused an increase in the amount of nuclear phospho-Akt(Ser473) in cancer cells that rely on the PI3K pathway for survival. This increased phospho-Akt(Ser473) response to doxorubicin correlates with the strength of GDC-0941's effect to augment doxorubicin action. These studies predict that clinical use of combination therapies with GDC-0941 in addition to DNA-damaging agents will be effective in tumors that rely on the PI3K pathway for survival.
DELUSIONAL AND HALLUCINATORY EXPERIENCES IN CHILDREN
Authors: J. LOUISE DESPERT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

The records of three groups of children—normal, preschool children; children with behavior and neurotic problems; and finally, psychotic children—were analyzed with a view of gaining information about and insight into hallucinatory and delusional phenomena in children. The large majority of the children belonged in the normal and superior range of intellectual functioning. No evidence of true hallucinations or delusions was found in the group of young, normal children. The possibility of hypnagogic hallucinations in relation to phobias was indicated. Experiences which came closest to true hallucinations, referred to as pseudohallucinations, were found in very few children who presented evidences of conflict and emotional immaturity. The fact that hypnagogic hallucinations appeared under the influence of anxiety points to the part played by anxiety in the genesis of hallucinations. In the group of unselected children with behavior and neurotic problems, a small number reported auditory hallucinations and delusional experiences which were characterized by their simplicity and singleness, with the remainder of the personality relatively untouched. The experiences could be interpreted as representing a conflict between instinctual demands and taboos. The hallucinatory and delusional experiences of the psychotic children above the 10-to 11-year level were found to be very similar to those found in psychotic adults, except for their greater simplicity, and lack of organization and systematization. In the younger children it was often difficult to ascertain the content of delusional experiences, even when it was obvious that the patients reacted to auditory and visual hallucinations; delusions frequently represented identifications with animals, or were manifestations of regressive patterns of behavior and ideation, with the reappearance of very primitive forms of expression.
DNA diploidy in AIDS-related and steroid-induced Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: T. Simonart, J.C. Noel, J.P. Van Vooren, D. Parent, B. Baghli, G. Querton, A. Verhestr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article DNA diploidy in AIDS‐related and steroid‐induced Kaposi's sarcoma Get access T. Simonart, T. Simonart Department of Dermatology, Bordet Institute, Brussles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.C. Noel, J.C. Noel Department of Pathology, Internal Medicine, Bordet Institute, Brussles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.P. Van Vooren, J.P. Van Vooren Internal Medicine, Erasme Hospital, Brussles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Parent, D. Parent Department of Dermatology, Bordet Institute, Brussles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Baghli, B. Baghli Department of Pathology, Bordet Institute, Brussles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Querton, G. Querton Department of Pathology, Bordet Institute, Brussles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Verhestr A. Verhestr Department of Pathology, Bordet Institute, Brussles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 5, 1 May 1997, Page 804, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb03688.x Published: 01 May 1997
Salivary glands and malignancy in pleomorphic adenoma
Authors: Lal Madathil, Pratima Rao
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2009)

With reference to the JRSM article ‘Jacques‐Louis David's tumour: an opportunity to study the natural history of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland’ (JRSM 2008;101:583–6),1 the authors describe the major salivary glands as the parotid and the submandibular omitting the sublingual gland. The traditional oral anatomy and embryology literature considers the sublingual gland as a major gland though it can have the secretion via the submandibular duct. Developmentally the submandibular and sublingual glands are formed at the sixth and eighth week in utero and the secretions change in their compositions.2

In the same article the incidence of malignant transformation in neglected cases of pleomorphic adenomas is given as 10% but the British Salivary Gland Tumour Panel data cited by Cawson et al. illustrate the percentages as parotid 3.5%, submandibular 7.6% and sublingual 33.3%.3

We would like to congratulate the authors for an interesting account of the natural history of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. It is worthy to mention that the images recorded in the art and literature may give us glimpses of historical insights of medical interests.
Comparative study of duration of action and cardiovascular effects of bronchodilator aerosols
Authors: B. J. Freedman, G. B. Hill
Journal: Thorax (1971)

The durations of action and side effects of four different pressurized bronchodilator aerosols were compared. One of the preparations contained isoprenaline alone, which was given in a dose of 400 μg. The doses of the three other preparations were adjusted to yield nearly the same peak bronchodilator response as was obtained from 400 μg isoprenaline. These doses differed from those yielded by a single discharge of the standard commercial product. The duration of action of orciprenaline was greater than those of the other preparations. There were no cardiovascular side effects from any of the four preparations. An attempt has been made to establish the principle that drugs whose primary action is similar should be given in equipotential doses when comparing duration of action and side effects.
Much Hope But Little Proof
Authors: Zenonas Danilevicius
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The thought that specific antiplatelet therapy might improve cardiovascular function and exercise performance of patients with coronary heart disease has provoked lively discussion. Frishman et al<sup>1</sup>found that untreated patients with ischemic myocardial disease had increased platelet aggregability when compared to normal persons. After these patients were treated with aspirin, platelet release of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in response to aggregating agents was abolished both in patients and in normal persons, completely inhibiting aggregation. No increased exercise tolerance, however, was observed in patients with ischemic heart disease who were taking aspirin. Weiss<sup>2</sup>reviewed all antiplatelet drugs used in prevention of thrombosis. He considers aspirin to be the most effective drug in inhibiting platelet aggregation. Sulfinpyrazone sodium, administered in therapeutic doses over a period of several weeks, prolongs platelet survival time and reduces platelet turnover in man. Clofibrate, especially when administered with anticoagulants, reduces platelet adhesion in patients with ischemic
Collecting and using patient and treatment center data to improve care: Adequacy of hemodialysis and end-stage renal disease surveillance11The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect official policy of the Health Care Financing Administration. As an unpublished document the contents may not be cited, quoted, or reproduced without the express permission of the authors.
Authors: William M. Mcclellan, Jenna Osborne Krisher
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
Preventing Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Piero Ruggenenti, Anna Fassi, Anelja Parvanova Ilieva, Simona Bruno, Ilian Petrov Iliev, Varusca Brusegan, Nadia Rubis, Giulia Gherardi, Federica Arnoldi, Maria Ganeva, Bogdan Ene-Iordache, Flavio Gaspari, Annalisa Perna, Antonio Bossi, Roberto Trevisan, Alessandro R. Dodesini, Giuseppe Remuzzi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The multicenter double-blind, randomized Bergamo Nephrologic Diabetes Complications Trial (BENEDICT) was designed to assess whether angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and non-dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers, alone or in combination, prevent microalbuminuria in subjects with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and normal urinary albumin excretion.We studied 1204 subjects, who were randomly assigned to receive at least three years of treatment with trandolapril (at a dose of 2 mg per day) plus verapamil (sustained-release formulation, 180 mg per day), trandolapril alone (2 mg per day), verapamil alone (sustained-release formulation, 240 mg per day), or placebo. The target blood pressure was 120/80 mm Hg. The primary end point was the development of persistent microalbuminuria (overnight albumin excretion, > or =20 microg per minute at two consecutive visits).The primary outcome was reached in 5.7 percent of the subjects receiving trandolapril plus verapamil, 6.0 percent of the subjects receiving trandolapril, 11.9 percent of the subjects receiving verapamil, and 10.0 percent of control subjects receiving placebo. The estimated acceleration factor (which quantifies the effect of one treatment relative to another in accelerating or slowing disease progression) adjusted for predefined baseline characteristics was 0.39 for the comparison between verapamil plus trandolapril and placebo (P=0.01), 0.47 for the comparison between trandolapril and placebo (P=0.01), and 0.83 for the comparison between verapamil and placebo (P=0.54). Trandolapril plus verapamil and trandolapril alone delayed the onset of microalbuminuria by factors of 2.6 and 2.1, respectively. Serious adverse events were similar in all treatment groups.In subjects with type 2 diabetes and hypertension but with normoalbuminuria, the use of trandolapril plus verapamil and trandolapril alone decreased the incidence of microalbuminuria to a similar extent. The effect of verapamil alone was similar to that of placebo.
Meningeal involvement by a transformed mycosis fungoides following Hodgkin's disease
Authors: M. Beylot-Barry, P. Dubus, B. Vergier, O. Cogrel, G. Marit, C. Beylot, J.P. Merlio
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

A 58-year-old man had long-standing lesions of presumed large plaque parapsoriasis. Following treatment for nodal Hodgkin’s disease (HD), these became more infiltrated, with a diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF). A few months later, nodules appeared on the right leg, which was lymphoedematous after inguinal irradiation for HD. Histopathological examination showed CD3+, CD30–, CD15– large pleomorphic lymphocytes, leading to the diagnosis of transformed MF. The cutaneous lesions were successfully treated with topical nitrogen mustard and interferon alfa-2b then methotrexate, but his general health worsened with depression and malaise, without specific neurological symptoms or extracutaneous spreading of the lymphoma. Cerebral computed tomographic scan revealed a cerebellar subdural collection, arachnoid cyst and quadriventricular hydrocephaly, initially considered to be non-specific. After a few weeks, clinical symptoms of intracranial hypertension appeared, and a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed meningeal involvement by the lymphoma. These cells were CD3-negative and the diagnosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) study, which revealed an identical clonal rearrangement of the T-cell receptor γ gene between cutaneous biopsies and the CSF. Repeated intrathecal injections of methotrexate and cranial irradiation were performed and the patient was still alive after 13 months. This case illustrates the possible meningeal involvement of MF that may be preceded by atypical and mild neurological or psychiatric symptoms, which may be dissociated from the evolution of the cutaneous lesions. Moreover, PCR study may be useful for both diagnosis and monitoring.
Abstract 1841: Dietary morin suppresses colitis-associated colorectal carcinogenesis in rats
Authors: Takuji Tanaka, Yumiko Yasui, Masaru Terasaki, Sonoko Masuda
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract A flavonol, morin, found in almonds, mill, fig and other moraceae which are used as dietary agents and also as herbal medicine. Morin acts as a potent antioxidant, xanthine oxidase inhibitor, PKC inhibitor, cell proliferation inhibitor, apoptosis inducer, modulator of LOX and COX activities. Based on our previous studies on chemopreventive ability of morin in tongue and colon carcinogenesis (Carcinogenesis 20: 1477-84, 1999; Int J Cancer 83: 381-6, 1999; Oncol Rep 6:1333-40, 1999), we aimed to determine possible inhibitory potential of this compound in colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis in rats initiated with AOM and promoted by DSS. Male F344 rats initiated with a single s.c. injection of AOM (20 mg/kg bw) were promoted by 1.5% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days. They were then given a basal diet containing 50, 250 and 1000 ppm of morin for 17 weeks. At wk 20, the development of colonic adenocarcinoma was significantly inhibited by feeding with morin at a dose level of 1000 ppm (45% incidence, p=0.0141; and 0.73 +/- 1.01 multiplicity, p&amp;lt;0.05), when compared to the AOM/DSS group (93% incidence and 2.36 +/- 1.95 multiplicity). The incidence and multiplicity of adenocarcinomas in the rats received 50 ppm (60% incidence and 1.20 +/- 1.23 multiplicity) and 250 ppm (64% incidence and 1.09 +/- 1.04 multiplicity) of morin in diet were also smaller than that of the AOM and DSS group, but the differences were insignificant. The treatments inhibited colonic inflammation, and also modulated proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as NF-kappaB, Stat3, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in the adenocarcinomas. Feeding with morin lowered tissue polyamine levels of colonic mucosa. Our findings indicate that dietary morin is able to inhibit colitis-related colon carcinogenesis in rats. Also, our model provides knowledge applicable to prevent inflammation-associated colon cancer in humans. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1841. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1841