tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CANCER OF THE URINARY BLADDER CURED BY RADIUM
Authors: CURTIS BURNAM
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Justification for the report of a single case is, in this instance, furnished by two distinct features: 1. An infiltrating bladder cancer was healed and has not returned in more than seven years. 2. This healing was accomplished by transabdominal radium radiation. One mild intravesical topical application of radium was made, but a review of the record shows that its influence, if any, was insignificant. The case was observed from October, 1914, to March, 1923.  REPORT OF CASE  History.  —W. C. C., a white man, aged 56, American, whose family history was unimportant, and in whose personal history only an attack of cystitis, in 1911, was of any importance in the present connection, had suffered for two months with intermittent hematuria, frequency of micturition and pain in the pelvis, all increasing.  Physical Examination.  —There was a general appearance of robust health. The heart and lungs were normal. The blood pressure
Do cases like that of Anders Breivik show that fanaticism is a form of madness? No
Authors: T. Fahy
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The trial of Anders Breivik, who murdered 77 people in two attacks in Norway, has attracted considerable controversy because of the questions concerning his mental state. <b> Max Taylor</b> (doi:10.1136/bmj.e4612) argues that such extreme fanatics should be considered insane, but <b>Tom Fahy </b>believes that a psychiatric diagnosis is an abrogation of personal and societal responsibility
OFFICE USE OF THE FROG TEST FOR PREGNANCY
Authors: Jane E. Hodgson
Journal: JAMA (1953)

The use of the male frog for the determination of pregnancy has been described and discussed frequently during the past four years. Most of the articles concerning the test have been written by pathologists or persons engaged in institutional work or research. Only a few reports have been made by clinicians who engage in obstetric practice and who perform this pregnancy test in their own offices. As a clinician engaged in the practice of obstetrics and gynecology, I wish to report on my experiences with the Rana pipiens test during the past three years. In that time, a total of 450 pregnancy tests were performed in my office on 350 urine and 100 serum samples. The Rana pipiens test for pregnancy is based on the release of sperm in the urinary bladder of male frogs after they have been injected with an adequate amount of chorionic gonadotropin. This amount is
Primary and secondary outcome measures
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To estimate rate of progression from normal cognition or mild impairment to dementia, and to identify potential risk and protective factors for incident dementia, based on age at dementia onset in a prospective study of a population-based cohort (n = 1,982) aged 65 years and older. <h3>Methods:</h3> Following the cohort annually for up to 5 years, we estimated incidence of dementia (Clinical Dementia Rating ≥1) among individuals previously normal or mildly impaired (Clinical Dementia Rating 0 or 0.5). In the whole cohort, and also stratified by median onset age, we examined several vascular, metabolic, and inflammatory variables as potential risk factors for developing dementia, using interval-censored survival models. <h3>Results:</h3> Based on 67 incident cases of dementia, incidence rate (per 1,000 person-years) was 10.0 overall, 5.8 in those with median onset age of 87 years or younger, and 31.5 in those with onset age after 87 years. Adjusting for demographics, the risk of incident dementia with onset age of 87 years or younger (n = 33) was significantly increased by baseline smoking, stroke, low systolic blood pressure, and <i>APOE*4</i> genotype, and reduced by current alcohol use. Among those with dementia with onset after 87 years (n = 34), no risk or protective factor was significant. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Risk and protective factors were only found for incident dementia with onset before the median onset age of 87 years, and not for those with later onset. Either unexplored risk factors explain the continued increase in incidence with age, or unknown protective factors are allowing some individuals to delay onset into very old age.
Extensive neurological damage after cannulation of internal jugular vein.
Authors: C E Briscoe, J A Bushman, W I McDonald
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Intrauterine bacterial infections are a well-established cause of pregnancy complications. One key observation in a number of abnormal pregnancies is that placental apoptosis is significantly elevated. First trimester trophoblast cells are known to express TLR1 and TLR2 and to undergo apoptosis following exposure to Gram-positive bacterial peptidoglycan (PDG). Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine whether PDG-induced pregnancy complications are associated with placental apoptosis and to characterize the cellular mechanisms involved. We have demonstrated, using an animal model, that delivery of PDG to pregnant mice early in gestation resulted in highly elevated placental apoptosis, evidenced by trophoblast M-30 and active caspase 3 immunostaining. Using an in vitro model of human first trimester trophoblasts, apoptosis induced by PDG was found to be mediated by both TLR1 and TLR2 and that this could be blocked by the presence of TLR6. Furthermore, in the presence of TLR6, exposure to PDG resulted in trophoblast NF-κB activation and triggered these cells to secrete IL-8 and IL-6. The findings of this study suggest that a Gram-positive bacterial infection, through TLR2 and TLR1, may directly promote the elevated trophoblast cell death and that this may be the underlying mechanism of pregnancy complications, such as preterm delivery. Furthermore, the expression of TLR6 may be a key factor in determining whether the response to PDG would be apoptosis or inflammation.
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum and Mitral-Valve Prolapse
Authors: Mark G. Lebwohl, Douglas Distefano, Philip G. Prioleau, Martin Uram, Lawrence A. Yannuzzi, Raul Fleischmajer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

PSEUDOXANTHOMA elasticum is an inherited disorder of connective tissue, with cutaneous, ophthalmologic, and systemic manifestations. The disease has an estimated prevalence of one in 160,000.1 Vari...
US Supreme Court hears arguments in case of BRAC1 and BRAC2 patents
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The US Supreme Court heard oral arguments on 15 April on whether human genes can be patented.

The case involves patents held by Myriad Genetics for the “breast cancer” genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, but the case could have widespread implications for the biotechnology industry.1

The patents on the genes owned by Myriad have given the company, which is based in Salt Lake City, Utah, a lucrative monopoly for BRCA testing.

The case was filed by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the Public Patent …
Association of Type I (Insulin-dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Autoimmunity, Antinuclear Antibody, and Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis
Authors: S Srikanta, A N Malaviya, P Rajagopalan, U N Bhuyan, M M S Ahuja
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

In a large series of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who were screened for autoantibodies, two patients were positive fot antinuclear antibodies. Both of these patients developed severe renal disease with the renal biopsy findings of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Multiple autoantibodies and circulating immune complexes were demonstrated in their sera. There was evidence suggesting complement consumption. This article illustrates that immune complex glomerulonephritis can occur in some patients with IDDM, particularly in those with antinuclear antibody and polyendocrine involvement, and that renal biopsy in such cases may have prognostic and therapeutic importance.
Percutaneous Transhepatically Assisted Surgical Repair of a Complete Bile Duct Dissection Due to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: P. Born, T. Rösch, M. Stangl
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

The introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was associated with an increased rate of biliary complications such as leakages and strictures [1]. While most of these can be successfully treated endoscopically or with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) [2] [3], complete dissection of the common bile duct requires surgical repair in virtually all cases [4]. We report here the case of a 31-year-old man who presented 3 days after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cholestasis (alkaline phosphatase 476 U/l, normal range 40 - 129; bilirubin 8.4 mg/dl ≤ 1.2). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed complete blockage of contrast in the distal part of the common bile duct (Figure [1]), which was not traversable with various guide wires. PTBD was therefore carried out, showing dilated intrahepatic bile ducts and complete ductal obstruction of the common hepatic duct, representing the proximal end of a complete dissection (Figure [2]). The distance between the two obstructed ducts was estimated to be 1.5 cm, with clips being visible in the area. The PTBD procedure was terminated with the insertion of a pigtail prosthesis for drainage, and the patient was referred for surgery.
NHS must monitor time from presentation to treatment for all child patients, report says
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Many clinical staff working with children have inadequate training in paediatrics and child health, a new report says.1

The report was commissioned by the health secretary for England, Andrew Lansley, to help the government develop a new strategy, to be published later this year, for improving the care of young people. Published by the independent Children and Young People’s Health Outcome Forum, the new report says that many staff working with children in the NHS are trained only in adult healthcare. It says that some staff working with children in the NHS “do not have sufficient training in physical and mental health to be able to undertake their …
1027 INTRAHEPATIC HBSAG PREDICTS TREATMENT RESPONSE IN HBEAG NEGATIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B (CHB) PATIENTS TREATED WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A AND ADEFOVIR; AN INTERIM ANALYSIS
Authors: B. Takkenberg, A. De Niet, V. Terpstra, H. Zaaijer, C. Weegink, M. Koot, M. Dijkgraaf, P. Jansen, M. Beld, H. Reesink
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Advanced cardiac life support courses
Authors: D. V Skinner
Journal: BMJ (1993)

suggest that the sialylated acute phase protein fibrinogen may be the confounder that explains the relation between raised serum sialic acid concen- trations and mortality from cardiovascular disease.'We consider it unlikely, for several reasons, that changes in fibrinogen itself are exclusively or mainly responsible for the changes in sialic acid concentrations.Serum and plasma sialic acid concentrations are the same,2 and no carbohydrate is released from fibrinogen during the formation of fibrin.'Assuming that there are six molecules of sialic acid attached to each molecule of fibrinogen, an increase of 1 g fibrinogen/l would represent an increase of the sialic acid concentration of about 5 mg/l, which is some 5%, or less, of the amount predicted by the correlation shown by Kazuomi and Matsuo.Although plasma fibrinogen concentration is clearly increased by smoking, any effect of smoking on sialic acid concentrations is much less apparent, as Kazuomi and Matsuo's results suggest.Lindberg et al also found that there was no difference in serum sialic acid concentrations in smokers compared with non-smokers (either male or female) aged 55-74 and no difference at any age in women.4In non-insulin dependent diabetic patients we found that serum sialic acid concentra- tions did not differ between smokers and nonsmokers.5The association between sialic acid and fibrino- gen more probably reflects an increase in several sialylated acute phase proteins, which may mark the presence and severity of atherosclerosis or have a pathogenic role in the disease.
ROLE OF HEPATIC ANION-BINDING PROTEIN IN BROMSULPHTHALEIN CONJUGATION
Authors: N. Kaplowitz, I. W. Percy-Robb, N. B. Javitt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Using gel filtration, the binding of both glutathione and Bromsulphthalein (BSP) to a liver-soluble protein was found to be identical. BSP-conjugating activity (glutathione S-aryltransferase) was present only in the fractions corresponding to the two protein-bound markers. Using a highly sensitive assay, with 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene, the pattern of glutathione S-aryltransferase activity was found to coincide with Y protein. This evidence suggests that Y protein, or ligandin, has a dual role in hepatic transport: a specific enzymic function in the conjugation of certain anions with glutathione in addition to a transport function in the intracellular binding of organic anions.
THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE HIGHER GRADES OF MENTAL DEFECT
Authors: WILLIAM H. HIGGINS
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The revelation that crime and mental deficiency are often interrelated, or that business failures are not always due to economic fluctuations, has brought to the medical profession a subject for serious consideration. Officials of corporations are more than ever demanding efficiency and are keenly alive to the shortcomings of their employees. The public is manifesting a greater care in the selection of its adopted children, and there is a tendency among criminal jurists to treat offenders in the light of what they are rather than what they have done. This widespread interest in mental defect on the part of the public has had its influence on medical science in the early recognition of these deficiencies. Valuable contributions on the various aspects of the subject are being made from time to time by able workers. Mental deficiency is considered no longer an entity, but is dependent on a great variety of
KAP1-Mediated Epigenetic Repression in the Forebrain Modulates Behavioral Vulnerability to Stress
Authors: Johan Jakobsson, Maria Isabel Cordero, Reto Bisaz, Anna C. Groner, Volker Busskamp, Jean-Charles Bensadoun, Florence Cammas, Régine Losson, Isabelle M. Mansuy, Carmen Sandi, Didier Trono
Journal: Neuron (2008)
Endocrine Aspects of Sarcoidosis
Authors: John L. Winnacker, Kenneth L. Becker, Sol Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Pituitary Gland and HypothalamusThe pituitary gland and hypothalamus have been invaded by sarcoid granulomas more frequently than any other endocrine gland. Sarcoidosis of these vital organs may be asymptomatic, or may cause some of the most serious and dramatic complications of the disease. The frequent finding of vascular and perivascular granulomas in histologic sections from this area124 125 126 suggests that vascular channels are important in the pathogenesis of hypothalamic-pituitary sarcoidosis. The importance of other factors is reflected in the failure of the richly vascularized anterior pituitary gland to harbor sarcoid lesions as frequently as the posterior lobe.127 In addition, transmission . . .
Abstract 1568: GLPG0187, a small molecule integrin antagonist, shows good safety and decrease in CTX levels in single ascending dose study
Authors: Giocondo Lorenzon, Lien Gheyle, Eva Vets, Florence Namour, Philippe Pujuguet, Philippe Clement-Lacroix, Piet Wigerinck, Frederic Vanhoutte
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction : GLPG0187, a small molecule integrin antagonist with nanomolar affinity for the RGD-integrin receptors αvβ1, αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6 and α5β1, shows potent anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, anti-bone-resorption and anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Therefore GLPG0187 may offer a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of integrin receptor expressing tumors and/or metastases. Methods: Based on promising preclinical data, a first-in-human study was performed with GLPG0187 to assess the safety and tolerability as well as pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior of single ascending doses of the compound. GLPG0187 was administered subcutaneously in a dose range of 17.5 to 315 mg and orally in a dose range of 50 to 1200 mg. Results: GLPG0187 was systemically well tolerated with no adverse effects on ECG, vital signs or laboratory parameters. GLPG0187 showed a dose proportional pharmacokinetic profile over the dose range tested. Moreover, GLPG0187 dose proportionally decreased osteoclast activity as measured by plasma CTX (carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks) levels. Conclusions: GLPG0187 was shown to be safe and well tolerated, to have a dose proportional pharmacokinetics and to inhibit osteoclast activity. These results provide further evidence that GLPG0187 could be an effective therapeutic for the treatment of cancer. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1568.
98 Is primary biliary cirrhosis caused by molecular mimicry with novosphingobium aromaticivorans, a ubiquitous xenobiotic metabolizing bacterium?
Authors: C SELMI, D BALKWILL, P INVERNIZZI, A ANSARI, R COPPEL, M PODDA, P LEUNG, T KENNY, J VANDEWATER, M KURTH
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Glucose Lowering to Control Macrovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mark O. Goodarzi, Bruce M. Psaty
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
66. A Protective Vaccine for the Rapid Response to Pandemic AVian Influenza
Authors: Wentao Gao, Adam Soloff, Xiuhua Liu, Angela Montecalvo, Yumiko Matsuoka, Paul D. Robbins, Roben O. Donis, Jacqueline M. Katz, Simon Barratt-Boyes, Andrea Gambotto
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)
SEIZURES AND THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
Authors: BERNARD BANDLER, I. CHARLES KAUFMAN, JAMES W. DYKENS, MAXWELL SCHLEIFER, LEON N. SHAPIRO
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

On the basis of the findings presented, we derive the following conclusions: 1. Epileptic women have normal ovulatory menstrual cycles. 2. The seizures of epileptic women as a group have a random distribution with respect to the phases of the menstrual cycle. 3. Many individual epileptic women show an increased incidence of seizures during a particular phase of the menstrual cycle. This phase preference, however, by individual epileptics, is spread among all the phases, and is itself part of the random distribution for the group. Consequently, the concept of "menstrual epilepsy" may be due to this phase preference shown by some women; however, it would be equally valid or invalid to speak of "proliferative epilepsy," or "ovulatory epilepsy," or "progestative epilepsy," or "premenstrual epilepsy," since other women show statistical preference for these phases. 4. In some instances transient phase preferences clearly have been due to discernible psychological factors. It is possible that all the individual phase preferences within the random group distribution are largely determined by psychological factors. As yet we are not able to speak conclusively about this. 5. With respect to the confusion between epilepsy and hysteria, it seems possible that it is due to the importance of psychological factors in both disorders.
Cryptic stage of sleeping-sickness trypanosome developing in choroid plexus epithelial cells.
Authors: M O Abolarin, D A Evans, D G Tovey, W E Ormerod
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Electronmicrographs of the choroid plexus from rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense showed that trypomastigotes from the perivascular spaces may penetrate and undergo multiple division in the ependymal cells which locally constitute the blood-brain barrier. Progressive degeneration of the ependymal cell liberates trypomastigotes back into the perivascular space, from which re-entry into the blood may occur. Re-entry to the blood does not take place from any tissues other than the brain and its membranes. These findings suggest that the ependymal cells of the choroid plexus are the site of the cryptic stage of the sleeping-sickness trypanosome.
A heterogeneous hierarchy of co-regulatory receptors regulates exhaustion of HCV-specific CD8 T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Solomon Owusu Sekyere, Pothakamuri Venkata Suneetha, Anke Renate Maria Kraft, Shihong Zhang, Julia Dietz, Christoph Sarrazin, Michael Peter Manns, Verena Schlaphoff, Markus Cornberg, Heiner Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Recurrent Ulceration after Vagotomy and Drainage with Electrical Stimulation Test, 1957-69
Authors: H. Burge, R. D. Stedeford, D. Hollanders
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Between 1957 and 1969 700 patients with duodenal ulceration were treated by selective vagotomy and simple drainage using the electrical stimulation test to achieve complete nerve section. Ten of these patients have been re-admitted to the hospital with further ulceration, one with a lesser curve gastric ulcer and nine with recurrent duodenal disease. The first patient had gastric retention and has apparently been cured by gastrojejunostomy to improve antral drainage. The remaining nine cases were found to have incomplete nerve section, and, of these, seven have been treated and apparently cured by completion of the incomplete vagotomy, again using the electrical stimulation test.
AN ANCIENT BLADDER STONE
Authors: G. D. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1926)

In the course of routine examination of an 18-year-old male mummy from one of the Basket Maker caves of northeastern Arizona, Mr. S. J. Guernsey of Peabody Museum, Harvard University, found among the articles associated with the burial an ovoid stone the size of a lime. Examination of the stone showed no perforation or other means for attaching it to the body or clothing as in case of an amulet or ornament. The stone is symmetrically oval and measures: length, 42 mm.; breadth, 34 mm.; thickness, 27 mm. The weight is approximately 1 ounce troy, or 32 Gm. It has a somewhat chalky look and, like chalk, it leaves its white mark when rubbed on a hard surface. The surface is not smooth but has a shallow reticular pitting of a brownish hue which shows through the chalky white. The stone is soft and easily drilled. The field notes