tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of terminal differentiation in human K562 erythroleukemia cells by arabinofuranosylcytosine.
Authors: C Luisi-DeLuca, T Mitchell, D Spriggs, D W Kufe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

We have previously demonstrated that continuous exposure of human HL-60 human promyelocytes to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) results in the induction of terminal differentiation to monocyte-like cells. The present study extends these findings by demonstrating that ara-C induces hemoglobin synthesis in human K562 erythroleukemia cells. This effect occurs maximally at an ara-C concentration (5 X 10(-7) M) that results in K562 cytostasis. In contrast to the reversible effects of hemin and hydroxyurea on globin synthesis in this cell line, we have found that the induction of K562 hemoglobin synthesis by ara-C is irreversible. An induction of K562 hemoglobin synthesis also occurs with aphidicolin, another inhibitor of S-phase DNA synthesis, but not with vinblastine, an inhibitor of mitosis. Finally, ara-C induction of a differentiated K562 phenotype is accompanied by the loss of self-renewal capacity, a finding consistent with terminal differentiation.
<i>SANGRE IMPURA</i>IN MORA
Authors: WALTER CLARKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1934)

Article1 May 1934SANGRE IMPURA IN MORAA STUDY OF SYPHILIS AND CERTAIN OTHER DISEASES IN THE POPULATION OF MORA COUNTY, NEW MEXICO*WALTER CLARKE, M.A., M.B., L.R.C.P. (Edin.), F.A.C.P.WALTER CLARKE, M.A., M.B., L.R.C.P. (Edin.), F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-7-11-1436 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBACKGROUNDIn the north-central part of New Mexico, in a region of rare scenic beauty and filled with the legends of the purple sage, "bad men," cowboys and cattle kings, lies the village of Mora, county seat of Mora County, a Spanish-American community in a state 60 per cent Spanish-American. Mora, a town of about 1,000 inhabitants, is surrounded by low mountain ranges, in the narrow, fertile valleys of which are numerous hamlets consisting usually of a dozen or so families, a general store and post office, a school house, and sometimes a tiny Roman Catholic church. The picturesque, but...References1. MITCHELLHUMPHREYS CAFA: Serological diagnosis of brucelliasis, Canadian Pub. Health Jr., 1933, xxiv, 337-342. Google Scholar2. REIMANN HA: Malta fever; in MUSSER, J. H.: Internal medicine: its theory and practice, 1932, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, page 58. Google Scholar3. ROSENAU MJ: Preventive medicine and hygiene, 1927, D. Appleton and Company, New York, page 105. Google Scholar4. JEANSCOOKE PCJV: Prepubescent syphilis, 1930, D. Appleton and Company, New York, page 108. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WALTER CLARKE, M.A., M.B., L.R.C.P. (Edin.), F.A.C.P.Affiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication February 16, 1934. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1934Volume 7, Issue 11Page: 1436-1455 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1934 PDF downloadLoading ...
Antidepressant Use in Patients Prescribed β-Blockers
Authors: Michael J. Scollins
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Avorn et al<sup>1</sup>on increased antidepressant use in patients prescribed β-blockers does not establish β-blockers as a frequent cause of depression. There is a considerably higher incidence of migraine in patients with depression, independent of drug use considerations, yet apparently no effort was made to exclude patients with a diagnosis of migraine. In addition, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) as well as β-blockers are used in the treatment of migraine, and if no effort was made to identify or exclude migraine patients, it would seem invalid to suggest that patients being treated with β-blockers and a TCA for headache could not account for the effect observed. The observation that the magnitude of the association between β-blockers and treatment for depression seemed to decline with advancing age could in fact reflect the declining incidence of migraine in this age group. Pharmacokinetic considerations would suggest that if
Effectiveness of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy by QRS Morphology in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial–Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (MADIT-CRT)
Authors: Wojciech Zareba, Helmut Klein, Iwona Cygankiewicz, W. Jackson Hall, Scott McNitt, Mary Brown, David Cannom, James P. Daubert, Michael Eldar, Michael R. Gold, Jeffrey J. Goldberger, Ilan Goldenberg, Edgar Lichstein, Heinz Pitschner, Mayer Rashtian, Scott Solomon, Sami Viskin, Paul Wang, Arthur J. Moss
Journal: Circulation (2011)

This study aimed to determine whether QRS morphology identifies patients who benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT-D) and whether it influences the risk of primary and secondary end points in patients enrolled in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial-Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (MADIT-CRT) trial.Baseline 12-lead ECGs were evaluated with regard to QRS morphology. Heart failure event or death was the primary end point of the trial. Death, heart failure event, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation were secondary end points. Among 1817 patients with available sinus rhythm ECGs at baseline, there were 1281 (70%) with left bundle-branch block (LBBB), 228 (13%) with right bundle-branch block, and 308 (17%) with nonspecific intraventricular conduction disturbances. The latter 2 groups were defined as non-LBBB groups. Hazard ratios for the primary end point for comparisons of CRT-D patients versus patients who only received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) were significantly (P < 0.001) lower in LBBB patients (0.47; P < 0.001) than in non-LBBB patients (1.24; P = 0.257). The risk of ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or death was decreased significantly in CRT-D patients with LBBB but not in non-LBBB patients. Echocardiographic parameters showed significantly (P < 0.001) greater reduction in left ventricular volumes and increase in ejection fraction with CRT-D in LBBB than in non-LBBB patients.Heart failure patients with New York Heart Association class I or II and ejection fraction ≤ 30% and LBBB derive substantial clinical benefit from CRT-D: a reduction in heart failure progression and a reduction in the risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. No clinical benefit was observed in patients with a non-LBBB QRS pattern (right bundle-branch block or intraventricular conduction disturbances).URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00180271.
Expert witnesses, courts and the law
Authors: E. Butler-Sloss, A. Hall
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Most judges have no more medical expertise than the average intelligent lay person. It is for this reason that we rely heavily on expert opinion. In family proceedings, the evidence given by a medical expert can play a large part in determining the future of a child. In the criminal courts it can be the deciding factor in conviction of a parent or other member of the family for injuring or killing a child.
Eighteen-Month Follow-up of Gastric Freezing in 173 Patients With Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: Claude R. Hitchcock, Ernest Ruiz, R. Duncan Sutherland, James E. Bitter
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Gastric freezing for chronic duodenal-ulcer disease has been performed in 173 cases and an 18-month minimum follow-up has been achieved. The overall study indicates that 92.5% of the patients had symptoms or corrective surgery for recurrent disease at the time of the 18-month evaluation. Patients experience relief from previously distressing symptoms immediately following gastric freezing but the secretion of hydrochloric acid quickly returns to prefreeze levels or higher. Some patients are deceptively asymptomatic at three months postfreeze although acid levels are again high. Gastric freezing is a dramatic episode in the life of a patient with chronic duodenal ulcer and it appears to have a rather strong emotional appeal and to support subjective relief even in the absence of objective improvement.
Development and Disorders of Written Language
Authors: Lloyd J. Thompson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Volume 1 under this title, published in 1965, was concerned mainly with the development of a "Picture Story Language Test." The present volume includes further analyses of the results for normal children and comparative findings for exceptional children: those with reading disability, mental retardation, social and emotional disturbance, speech handicaps, and learning disability. Specific disability in acquiring facility with spoken, read, and written words has been recognized as a syndrome in children since the end of the last century, although speech disorders were recognized long before that time. Difficulties in all three fields frequently occur in varying degrees in the same child. Speech disorders are obvious and reading disability is being recognized more and more, but writing disability has been neglected, probably because it is not so obviously handicapping. Samuel T. Orton, in his classic book,<i>Reading, Writing and Speech Problems in Children</i>, published in 1937, called attention to the
Ileorectal Anastomosis: Appreciation by Patients
Authors: D. G. Jagelman, C. B. Lewis, D. C. Rowe-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Two hundred patients treated by ileorectal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis were questioned about their opinion of the result of their operation. The vast majority of patients led normal business and social lives and their activities had been greatly altered for the better by this operation.
Cephaloridine in patients with impaired renal function
Authors: M. L. Dillon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

During treatment with cephaloridine in 362 patients, 81 had renal impairment with increased blood urea nitrogen levels. In 69 of these, the elevation was secondary to inadequate hydration, obstructive uropathy, or increased sources of nitrogenous products. In 12 patients, acute tubular necrosis was secondary to shock. An additional 21 patients with normal renal function received 6 to 9 gm daily for as long as 52 days without evidence of renal injury. In no instance could cephaloridine be implicated as causing or contributing to renal dysfunction.
Persistence of Antibody in Children After a Third Dose of Poliomyelitis Vaccine and Their Response to a Fourth
Authors: J. S. Logan, A. M. Field, A. D. Macrae, A. Miller, J. Oh. Tobin
Journal: BMJ (1960)

During the 1956 field trial of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine in the United Kingdom, 196 children between 1 and 10 years of age who had no antibody to any of the three types of poliovirus were tested for their response to vaccination by titrating the neutralizing serum antibodies induced by two doses of vaccine.A year later 107 of these children were given a third dose, and the antibody response was again determined (Medical Research Council, 1957a, and 1957b).Further tests have now been made on 27 of these children to find out whether they still had antibody two years after the third dose.They were all given a fourth dose of vaccine and the antibody response of 25 of them was tested.Tests were also made to detect the presence of inhibitors to poliovirus in the faeces of these children. MethodsSerum samples were taken at the same time as the children received the fourth dose of ml. of poliomyelitis vaccine (Burroughs Welcome Batch 17) intramuscularly into the upper arm.A second serum sample was taken 14 days later.Most sera were titrated both by the cytopathic tests used routinely in the Virus Reference Laboratory, Colindale, and by the galactose colour test used in the Biological Standards Control Laboratory, Hampstead, in order to compare the titres obtained by each method.In both methods, each serum was titrated, using two culture tubes for each dilution, except those from eight subjects whose sample of the post-third dose serum was still available.These sera were tested by the colour test together with the previous samples, using four tubes at each fourfold serum dilution.This was done in order to obtain a more accurate result of the antibody decline between the third and fourth doses from the few pairs of sera available.Titres are expressed as the reciprocal of the initial dilution of serum protecting 50% of tubes from virus action.Colindale Cytopathic Test.-0.1 ml. of each fourfold serum dilution was mixed with 0.1 ml. of virus solution containing 200 TCID50 of poliovirus of the type being used in the test.After three hours' incubation in a 370 C. water-bath, the serum-virus mixtures were
Plasma MicroRNAs in Ovarian Cancer—Letter
Authors: Haifeng Qiu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

In a recent article, Suryawanshi and colleagues reported that alterations of plasma microRNAs (miRNA or miR) may be novel biomarkers for endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (1). However, we have some concerns about the findings of this study. It is well known that endometriosis is highly dependent on estrogen levels and that miRNAs are strictly controlled by estrogen (2). In postmenopausal women, sequential changes of miRNAs may occur following the loss of estrogen. After treatment with 10 nmol/L of estrogen (E2) for 24 hours, human endometrial glandular epithelial cells and human leiomyoma smooth muscle cells have a 70% and 50% repression of miR-21, respectively (3, 4), which can be blocked by ICI 182780 (an estrogen inhibitor). A similar phenomenon has also been shown in MCF-7 cells (5). In the Suryawanshi and colleagues study, miR-21 was significantly higher in the endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer and considered to be a specific marker for this cancer, as compared with the 2 groups with normal or upregulated estrogen (normal women and patients with endometriosis). However, patients' ages differed significantly among the group of normal women (average = 38.75 years, with normal estrogen levels), women with endometriosis (average = 36.24 years, with theoretically higher estrogen levels), and patients with endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (average = 55.36 years, majority with postmenopausal estrogen levels). We hypothesize whether the upregulation of miR-21 could also occur in postmenopausal women without cancer as the result of estrogen deficiency.Therefore, we propose that a group of age-matched normal women with similar estrogen levels would be the correct choice for a comparison group. In addition, miR-16 and miR-195, 2 other markers identified by Suryawanshi and colleagues, were both suppressed by estrogen in the mouse uterus (6).Finally, in the animal studies, all 3 markers (miR-21, miR-16, and miR-195) were elevated in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers, which could be explained by the tumor cells' destruction of normal secretory functions of the ovary. To maximally exclude the interference of estrogen, we believe that a simultaneous contralateral oophorectomy would be appropriate.In summary, both endometriosis and ovarian cancer are closely related to estrogen levels, and thus, the detection of miRNAs alterations should take estrogen effects into consideration.See the Response, p. 3326No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
The spectrum expanded: cryptogenic cirrhosis and the natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseasePowell EE, Cooksley WGE, Hanson R, Searle J, Halliday JW, Powell LW. The natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a follow-up study of forty-two patients for up to 21 years [Hepatology 1990; 11:74–80]
Authors: Stephen H Caldwell, Deborah M Crespo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Corsage Pin in Stomach
Authors: Edward B. Benedict
Journal: JAMA (1961)

LONG SHARP foreign bodies in the stomach are alarming to patients, their relatives, and their physicians. Of course, they are potentially dangerous but most of them pass through the gastrointestinal tract without difficulty. When lodged in the esophagus they should be removed, usually by esophagoscopy but occasionally, in difficult cases, by thoracotomy.<sup>1-3</sup>Once they have safely reached the stomach gastroscopic removal is more difficult, normal passage of the foreign body is more likely, and the best policy is, usually, watchful waiting under close hospital and x-ray supervision. Such a policy was successfully carried out in the following case, which is reported because of its general interest and for reassurance of physicians in other similar cases. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital 5½ hours after swallowing a 6.5 cm. (2.5 in.) corsage pin. He had been asymptomatic since the accident and was asymptomatic on admission. Physical examination
P256Research of the spot urine method in estimating 24-hour urinary sodium in hypertensive patients
Authors: Y Xi, N Sun, L Zhao, H Wang, Y Chen, X Liu, W Han
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Objective: To develop an equation to estimate 24-hour urinary sodium by using spot urine in Chinese hypertensive patients and explore its applicability. Methods A total of 510 hypertensive patients were recruited, including 340 cases set up by the new equation and 170 cases as the equation validation groups. 24-hour urinary sodium(24HUNa), 24-hour urinary creatinine(PRCr), spot urinary sodium(SUNa) and creatinine(SUCr) for two times were measured for creating an equation (SUN) predicted 24h urinary sodium by spot urine. And applicability of the equation were evaluated simultaneously. To examine the deviation, precision and accuracy of the equation, we compared the estimated values (e-24HUNa) and the measured values (r-24HUNa). Results: The improved equations (SUN) for predicting 24HUNa using spot urine were as follows: PRCr(mg/day) = 13.41× body weight(Kg) +14.49 × height(cm) – 12.22 × age – 1406.3; SMU (second morning spot urine): e-24HUNa = 34.12 × [(SUNa/SUCr)×PRCr]0.27; PM (late afternoon or early evening spot urine): e-24HUNa = 23.01×[(SUNa/SUCr)×PRCr]0.34. The equation showed smaller deviation and higher accuracy compared with Kawasaki's and Tanaka's method, especially when salt intake of patients was less than 12g/day, but was not suitable for patients whose salt intake was greater than 12g/day. Conclusions: The improved equation (SUN) showed a better applicability in estimating 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in Chinese hypertensive patients, with a small deviation and high precision and accuracy. The equation of SMU were more convenient to estimate 24h urinary sodium. It was suitable for hypertensive patients with salt intake less than 12g/day.
High doses of levofloxacin vs moxifloxacin against staphylococcal experimental foreign-body infection: The effect of higher MIC-related pharmacokinetic parameters on efficacy
Authors: Oscar Murillo, M. Eugenia Pachón, Gorane Euba, Ricard Verdaguer, Fe Tubau, Carmen Cabellos, Javier Cabo, Francesc Gudiol, Javier Ariza
Journal: Journal of Infection (2009)
Using reproductive effect markers to observe subclinical events, reduce misclassification, and explore mechanism.
Authors: M C Hatch, G Friedman-Jimenez
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Biological markers of effect, in general less widely available than exposure markers, do exist in the field of reproduction and increasingly are being used in epidemiological studies. Several such markers, including semen quality, menstrual hormones, early pregnancy loss, and placental abnormalities, are cited as examples. We argue the value of effect markers for detecting subclinical events that are critical for reproductive performance. Such studies can extend knowledge of the true frequency and determinates of reproductive disorders. A second portion of the paper deals with the role of effect markers in reducing disease misclassification. With a hypothetical early pregnancy study as a case in point, we illustrate the degree and direction of bias associated with several different protocols and encourage epidemiologists to weigh these quantitative considerations in deciding on study design. Finally, we discuss uses of biological markers to explore mechanisms, drawing on experience in an ongoing reproductive study that is testing a hypothetical pathway from maternal psychosocial stress to reduced fetal growth using urine catecholamine levels as a physiological marker of exposure and placental vascular abnormalities as a marker of effect.
Induction of interleukin 1 secretion and enhancement of humoral immunity by binding of human C5a to macrophage surface C5a receptors.
Authors: M G Goodman, D E Chenoweth, W O Weigle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1982)

The mechanism by which human C5a anaphylatoxin augments the primary humoral response of murine splenocytes to antigen has been investigated. Culture supernatants were generated from splenic adherent cells or macrophage cell lines after exposure to a brief pulse of human C5a. Supernatants from the macrophage-like cell line P388D1, which bears surface receptors for C5a, enhance the PFC response to antigen, whereas those from the closely related cell line P388, which lacks surface receptors for C5a, fail to cause enhancement. Supernatants from splenic adherent cells, which also bear C5a receptors, similarly augment the SRBC response. Active supernatants, but not those devoid of activity, were shown to contain interleukin 1 (IL-1) activity by both the thymocyte mitogenesis and thymocyte costimulator assays. None of the supernatants contained IL-2 activity. These observations suggest that the recently described role of human C5a as an immunopotentiating modulator is mediated by its ability to induce production of IL-1 upon binding to specific receptors at the macrophage cell surface.
TCT-419 Side branch patency after implantation of the novel DESolve bioresorbable vascular scaffold system in the treatment of de novo coronary lesions
Authors: Rodrigo A. Souza, Ricardo A. Costa, Stefan Verheye, Joachim Schofer, Jose d Costa, Daniel Chamié, Andrea Abizaid, Yan John, Vinayak Bbhat, Lynn Morrison, Sara Toyloy, Alexandre Abizaid
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Sengstaken–Blakemore tube: an unusual complication
Authors: Bruno Gonçalves, Ana Caetano, Dália Fernandes, Armanda Cruz, Pedro Bastos, Carla Rolanda
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Acute variceal bleeding is a life-threatening event. Endoscopic band ligation is currently the recommended treatment [1]; however, in the case of reduced variceal volume, injection therapy with polidocanol or Histoacryl may be more appropriate. If both endoscopic options fail, placement of a Sengstaken–Blakemore tube should be considered [2], although other endoscopic therapies can be used [3].