tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NMP22 and Surveillance for Recurrent Bladder Cancer
Authors: Scott Eggener, Harry Herr
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE FEEDING OF GASTRIC TISSUE IN THE TREATMENT OF PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
Authors: H. MILTON CONNER
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Castle and Locke 1 fed muscle meat to normal persons, recovered the meat by causing vomiting, and refed it to patients who had pernicious anemia, thus causing a response of reticulated erythrocytes, an increase in the number of erythrocytes, and clinical improvement similar to that found when liver or its extract was used.  This work led Sturgis and Isaacs, 2 in collaboration with Sharp, 3 to try the effect of feeding desiccated gastric tissue to patients who had pernicious anemia, with results similar to those obtained with liver or its extract. Likewise, Castle and Locke's work led me to feed raw gastric tissue to patients who had the disease, with results which already have been reported in six cases, 4 and which were similar to those obtained with liver and liver extract. Another fact which suggested the use of gastric tissue was that I 5 had found that in approximately
ROENTGENOGRAPHY OF URINARY TRACT DURING EXCRETION OF SODIUM IODID
Authors: EARL D. OSBORNE
Journal: JAMA (1923)

There is need of a simple and painless method of depicting the urinary tract, bladder, kidneys and ureters. By the use of catheters and various opaque mediums, success has been attained so far as the bladder, ureters and pelves of the kidney are concerned. Cystography and urography, while of great importance, are not without drawbacks and limitations. The use of the urethral or ureteral catheter is subject to obvious objections from both the physician's and the patient's standpoint. Technically, ureteral catheterization is at times very difficult, and it often subjects the patient to excruciating pain and occasionally to serious reactions. While pyelography may clearly delineate the renal pelves, it may fail to reveal the outline of the kidney itself. In surgical and medical diseases of the kidney, information concerning the size and location of these organs is of paramount interest. In nephritis, for example, it would be of decided value
Culture of dermal fibroblasts and protein adsorption on block conetworks of poly(butyl methacrylate-block-(2,3 propandiol-1-methacrylate-stat-ethandiol dimethacrylate))
Authors: Yun Sun, Jon Collett, Nigel J. Fullwood, Sheila Mac Neil, S. Rimmer
Journal: Biomaterials (2006)
A Moviemaker's Malady
Authors: Michael A. Sue
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: A 37-year-old nonsmoking man who worked as a special-effects coordinator in the moviemaking industry was referred to the allergy clinic at my institution because of a chronic cough and allergic rhinitis. He had been coughing for 11 weeks while working on a movie, during which time he had inhaled artificial snow (composed of polyethylene fibers) over a 2-day period. He had no subsequent exposure. The cough was initially nonproductive but had become productive of yellowish phlegm in the previous three weeks. The cough seemed to be centered in his chest, was not accompanied by wheezing, disturbed his . . .
An abnormal Ca2+ response in mutant sarcomere protein–mediated familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Diane Fatkin, Bradley K. McConnell, James O. Mudd, Christopher Semsarian, Ivan G.P. Moskowitz, Frederick J. Schoen, Michael Giewat, Christine E. Seidman, J.G. Seidman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Dominant-negative sarcomere protein gene mutations cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC), a disease characterized by left-ventricular hypertrophy, angina, and dyspnea that can result in sudden death. We report here that a murine model of FHC bearing a cardiac myosin heavy-chain gene missense mutation (αMHC403/+), when treated with calcineurin inhibitors or a K+-channel agonist, developed accentuated hypertrophy, worsened histopathology, and was at risk for early death. Despite distinct pharmacologic targets, each agent augmented diastolic Ca2+ concentrations in wild-type cardiac myocytes; αMHC403/+ myocytes failed to respond. Pretreatment with a Ca2+-channel antagonist abrogated diastolic Ca2+ changes in wild-type myocytes and prevented the exaggerated hypertrophic response of treated αMHC403/+ mice. We conclude that FHC-causing sarcomere protein gene mutations cause abnormal Ca2+ responses that initiate a hypertrophic response. These data define an important Ca2+-dependent step in the pathway by which mutant sarcomere proteins trigger myocyte growth and remodel the heart, provide definitive evidence that environment influences progression of FHC, and suggest a rational therapeutic approach to this prevalent human disease.
ESTIMATION OF CENTRAL BLOOD PRESSURE BY CAROTID TONOMETRY, RADIAL TONOMETRY, AND BRACHIAL PLETHYSMOGRAPHY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Hao-min Cheng, Shih-Hsien Sung, Pai-Feng Hsu, Kang-Ling Wang, Wen-Shin Lee, Wen-Chung Yu, Yao-Ping Lin, Chen-Huan Chen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Lymphatic Reprogramming by Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus Promotes the Oncogenic Activity of the Virus-Encoded G-protein–Coupled Receptor
Authors: Berenice Aguilar, Inho Choi, Dongwon Choi, Hee Kyoung Chung, Sunju Lee, Jaehyuk Yoo, Yong Suk Lee, Yong Sun Maeng, Ha Neul Lee, Eunkyung Park, Kyu Eui Kim, Nam Yoon Kim, Jae Myung Baik, Jae U. Jung, Chester J. Koh, Young-Kwon Hong
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Kaposi sarcoma, the most common cancer in HIV-positive individuals, is caused by endothelial transformation mediated by the Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV)-encoded G-protein–coupled receptor (vGPCR). Infection of blood vascular endothelial cells (BEC) by KSHV reactivates an otherwise silenced embryonic program of lymphatic differentiation. Thus, Kaposi sarcoma tumors express numerous lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) signature genes. A key unanswered question is how lymphatic reprogramming by the virus promotes tumorigenesis leading to Kaposi sarcoma formation. In this study, we present evidence that this process creates an environment needed to license the oncogenic activity of vGPCR. We found that the G-protein regulator RGS4 is an inhibitor of vGPCR that is expressed in BECs, but not in LECs. RGS4 was downregulated by the master regulator of LEC differentiation PROX1, which is upregulated by KSHV and directs KSHV-induced lymphatic reprogramming. Moreover, we found that KSHV upregulates the nuclear receptor LRH1, which physically interacts with PROX1 and synergizes with it to mediate repression of RGS4 expression. Mechanistic investigations revealed that RGS4 reduced vGPCR-enhanced cell proliferation, migration, VEGF expression, and Akt activation and suppressed tumor formation induced by vGPCR. Our findings resolve long-standing questions about the pathologic impact of KSHV-induced reprogramming of host cell identity, and they offer biologic and mechanistic insights supporting the hypothesis that a lymphatic microenvironment is more favorable for Kaposi sarcoma tumorigenesis. Cancer Res; 72(22); 5833–42. ©2012 AACR.
A very peculiar dream
Authors: R. Gatenby
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Fifteen years ago I unexpectedly took over a rural singlehanded practice in the north east of Scotland after finishing my trainee year. Although I liked the idea of country practice, socially and culturally it was a big change from my previous life as a city dweller. I was born, educated, and trained as a doctor in Dublin. Looking back I am glad that I had the privilege to develop the practice and witness the changes and growth of a village community. Indeed, although my wife (who is now the part time partner in the practice) and I have happily settled, the first few years were definitely the most …
Effect of Cooling and of Smoking Tobacco upon the Blood Flow of Reactive Hyperemia of the Foot
Authors: JAY D. COFFMAN, J. EDWIN WOOD, ROBERT W. WILKINS
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Tobacco smoking and body cooling have been shown to decrease the "resting" blood flow to the foot. The present study was designed to determine whether either of these 2 stimuli also affects the increased blood flow that follows a period of ischemia (reactive hyperemia). Blood flows to the foot were measured in subjects with and without vascular disease by the venous occlusion, water plethysmographic method in a warm and a cool environment before and during smoking. Patients with bilaterally and unilaterally sympathectomized limbs were also studied to determine the mechanism of the observed responses.
Quantitative Bacteriuria after Use of Indwelling Catheters
Authors: B. G. Clarke
Journal: JAMA (1960)

To ascertain the incidence of catheterinduced bacteriuria persisting after convalescence from urological operations, quantitative urine cultures were made three months or more after 78 operations (for prostatic obstruction, bladder tumors, or bladder stones) requiring indwelling catheters for two or seven days after operation. Only one patient showed quantitatively significant bacteriuria. In 24 of the patients the infection cleared up spontaneously. Antibacterial medication had been given to 23 patients while in the hospital, and 31 patients, including the one in whom infection persisted, received antibiotics afterward. Catheter bacteriuria does not necessarily persist after genito-urinary operations, provided factors favoring infection, such as stones and obstructions, are removed and provided patients are persistently observed to make sure that infections which do not disappear spontaneously are adequately treated.
[516] A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF SWITCHING TO TELBIVUDINE VERSUS CONTINUED LAMIVUDINE IN ADULTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B: RESULTS OF THE PRIMARY ANALYSIS AT WEEK 24
Authors: R. Safadi, Q. Xie, Y. Chen, Y.-K. Yin, L. Wei, S.G. Hwang, E. Zuckerman, J.-D. Tia, G. Harb, N.A. Brown
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Transplanting Normal Vascular Proangiogenic Cells to Tumor-Bearing Mice Triggers Vascular Remodeling and Reduces Hypoxia in Tumors
Authors: Junpei Sasajima, Yusuke Mizukami, Yoshiaki Sugiyama, Kazumasa Nakamura, Toru Kawamoto, Kazuya Koizumi, Rie Fujii, Wataru Motomura, Kazuya Sato, Yasuaki Suzuki, Satoshi Tanno, Mikihiro Fujiya, Katsunori Sasaki, Norihiko Shimizu, Hidenori Karasaki, Toru Kono, Jun-ichi Kawabe, Masaaki Ii, Hiroki Yoshiara, Naohisa Kamiyama, Toshifumi Ashida, Nabeel Bardeesy, Daniel C. Chung, Yutaka Kohgo
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Blood vessels deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues, and vascular networks are spatially organized to meet the metabolic needs for maintaining homeostasis. In contrast, the vasculature of tumors is immature and leaky, resulting in insufficient delivery of nutrients and oxygen. Vasculogenic processes occur normally in adult tissues to repair "injured" blood vessels, leading us to hypothesize that bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) may be able to restore appropriate vessel function in the tumor vasculature. Culturing BMMNCs in endothelial growth medium resulted in the early outgrowth of spindle-shaped attached cells expressing CD11b/Flt1/Tie2/c-Kit/CXCR4 with proangiogenic activity. Intravenous administration of these cultured vascular proangiogenic cells (VPC) into nude mice bearing pancreatic cancer xenografts and Pdx1-Cre;LSL-Kras(G12D);p53(lox/+) genetically engineered mice that develop pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma significantly reduced areas of hypoxia without enhancing tumor growth. The resulting vasculature structurally mimicked normal vessels with intensive pericyte coverage. Increases in vascularized areas within VPC-injected xenografts were visualized with an ultrasound diagnostic system during injection of a microbubble-based contrast agent (Sonazoid), indicating a functional "normalization" of the tumor vasculature. In addition, gene expression profiles in the VPC-transplanted xenografts revealed a marked reduction in major factors involved in drug resistance and "stemness" of cancer cells. Together, our findings identify a novel alternate approach to regulate abnormal tumor vessels, offering the potential to improve the delivery and efficacy of anticancer drugs to hypoxic tumors.
Rat Mite Bite
Authors: Jack Wainschel
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The communication titled "Rat Mite Dermatitis" (<b>215</b>: 1499, 1971) should be of great interest to every physician, as it is not a rare problem. A 54-year-old chemical engineer reported in 1968 that he and his two sons were afflicted with numerous 'insect bites" on their extremities, thorax, buttocks, and genitalia. He had noticed 'small bugs crawling all over me," and he brought four of them to the office for study. Mr. William Waldron, senior biologist-entomologist of the Los Angeles County Health Department, made the identification of<i>Liponyssus bacoti</i>. Eradication of rats in the attic eventually solved the problem. A 73-year-old white woman residing in an apartment over a store handling food items was seen with numerous 'insect bites" widely distributed over the body. History revealed that pestcontrol operators had spread poison, killing numerous rats in the building, and that the patient had found a dead rat in
Cost Shifting Does Not Reduce the Cost of Health Care
Authors: Victor R. Fuchs
Journal: JAMA (2009)

ALMOST EVERY POLITICAL PRONOUNCEMENT NOW emphasizes cost reduction as a central object of health care reform. The policy recommendations that follow, however, frequently aim at cost shifting rather than cost reduction. Shifting has popular appeal while reduction usually requires painful choices. To see the irrelevance of shifting for cost reduction, consider the proposal to prohibit health insurance companies from varying premiums according to enrollee’s health status. This obviously reduces premiums for the sick but, not so obviously, also increases premiums for the healthy. Such a shift may be desirable on equity grounds but does nothing to reduce the real cost of care. Also, unless accompanied by a strict mandate, these shifts may lead to an increase in the uninsured because some healthy individuals will discontinue their health insurance coverage in response to higher premiums. A subsidy is another example of a so-called cut in the cost of care, but also is just cost shifting. A subsidy reduces the cost for low-income eligible individuals by shifting the cost to higher-income taxpayers. Again, this may be desirable policy, but it is not a reduction in real costs. When eligibility for a subsidy includes those individuals and families with incomes up to 500% of the poverty level (approximately $110 000 for a family of 4) as in one senate proposal, even the shifting of costs is an illusion. It is impossible to collect enough taxes from those with incomes of more than $110 000 to subsidize the poor and the sick and also help the numerous middle and upper middle income households. The latter will have to pay for their own health care one way or another. Also misleading is the claim that government is cutting the cost of care to families and individuals by requiring employers to provide health insurance (ie, an employer mandate). Abundant theoretical and empirical research shows that although employers appear to pay, the cost is actually passed on to workers through foregone wage increases or to consumers through higher prices. To prescribe policies that would result in cost reduction instead of cost shifting, it is useful to know why Americans will spend more than $8000 per person this year for health care while the next highest spending country (it will probably be Switzerland) will spend about $5500, and the average Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development country will spend less than $4500 per person. There are many explanations for the differentials, some more applicable when comparing the United States to one country and some to another. The following generalizations, however, hold on average for comparisons between the United States and other high-income countries.
Reply to P.A. Beatty et al
Authors: Fadi Braiteh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

In their correspondence, Beatty and Laking recognized the statistically significant added survival benefit of preoperative chemoradiotherapy compared with strict surgical resection makes it the treatment of choice in patients who are suitable candidates for surgery, as reported in the Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study (CROSS). The study did not aim to analyze cost-effectiveness, nor did it include economic end points, and therefore the claim to deny CROSS its landmark findings because of the cost of radiation therapy is irrelevant. This study did not address a third arm of preoperative chemotherapy alone; therefore, drawing conclusions across other clinical trials is to be absolutely avoided. Previously, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) study 85-01 demonstrated that definitive chemoradiotherapy was superior to radiation therapy alone with improved median and overall survival. For medically fit patients, with tumors invading at least the submucosa or with involved lymph nodes, the most common approach, which until now remained investigational, is multimodality preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The prospective CROSS trial, the largest in its class, demonstratedalmostdoublingofmediansurvivalwhenchemoradiotherapywas delivered before surgery. We do recognize that, on the basis of patients’ morbidityandavailablehealthresources,othermodalitiesmaybeacceptable. Future identification of molecular predictors might shed more light on identifying patients who are suitable for each modality.
Out of Bedlam: The Truth About Deinstitutionalization
Authors: Carl C. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Madness in the Streets: How Psychiatry and the Law Abandoned the Mentally III,</h3> by Rael Jean Isaac and Virginia C. Armat, 436 pp, $24.95, ISBN 0-02-915380-8, New York, NY, Free Press, 1990. <i>Out of Bedlam</i>takes a very cynical, angry look at the mental health system. Part I, "How Deinstitutionalization Supposedly Took Place," begins by describing how asylums were originally created to protect the seriously mentally ill from the stresses of society. This treatment concept dwindled as caseloads began to overwhelm the system, causing the state hospitals to have to move from treatment to custody. Next came the mental hygiene movement, which was designed to have smaller hospitals and community-based aftercare; unfortunately, neither materialized as the prevention of mental illness became a priority. As the deplorable conditions of state hospitals became known and state governments realized they could not afford the care of the seriously mentally ill, pressure for the
Society issues guidance on IVF
Authors: Adrian O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Obese women should not be able to have fertility treatment because of the health risks to them and their unborn babies, according to British fertility experts.

The British Fertility Society, which represents professionals working with assisted conception, has issued recommendations on the social criteria that should be used when deciding on who is eligible for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) on the NHS.

Woman who are obese or who are severely overweight, …
Use of the Mental Health Act in England shows year-on-year increase
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The number of people detained or treated under the Mental Health Act in England has risen by 12% in the past five years, the health and social care regulator has reported.

In its fourth Mental Health Act annual report, the Care Quality Commission said that there had been a year-on-year increase in the use of the act to 50 000 uses in 2012-13 compared with 45 000 in 2007-08.1

Although inspectors said that they had found examples of outstanding care, they also said that there were still problems with access to care in a crisis. Some health based places of safety for people experiencing a mental health crisis have been found to be unstaffed when patients were taken into …
<scp>R</scp>hin<scp>A</scp>sthma Patient Perspective: a short daily asthma and rhinitis<scp>Q</scp>o<scp>L</scp>assessment
Authors: F. Braido, I. Baiardini, E. Stagi, N. Scichilone, O. Rossi, C. Lombardi, E. Ridolo, F. Gani, S. Balestracci, G. Girbino, G. E. Senna, A. Bordo, M. K. Church, G. W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background The present study aimed to develop a short validated patient‐completed questionnaire, the R hin A sthma Patient Perspective ( RAPP ), to assess the health‐related quality of life ( HRQ o L ) in patients with asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis in clinical practice. Methods A provisional RAPP questionnaire was formed from candidate items identified through retrospective analysis of 333 RHINASTHMA questionnaires. This was then tested on 150 asthma patients with allergic rhinitis. Results Psychometric analyses identified eight items fitting a unidimensional model to form RAPP . Internal consistency ( C ronbach's alpha coefficient &gt; 0.8) and agreement with RHINASTHMA ( r = −0.31, P = 0.0001) were excellent. Criterion, discriminant, and convergent validity were good. Reliability in 47 stable patients was very good (intra‐class and concordance correlation coefficients were 0.90 and 0.89, respectively). Responsiveness in 103 patients with health improvement or deterioration was significantly associated with changes in G lobal R ating S cale ( r = −0.4965, P &lt; 0.01), R hinitis V isual A nalogue S cale ( r = 0.5722, P &lt; 0.01) and asthma control test ( r = −0.6483, P &lt; 0.01). Minimal clinical difference in the analyzed population was 2. Conclusion R hin A sthma Patient Perspective is a simple eight‐question questionnaire with good measurement properties and sensitivity to health changes, which will provide a valid, reliable and standardized HRQ o L measurement in patients with asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis in clinical practice.
Studies on the biological activity of porcine proinsulin
Authors: Norman R. Lazarus, Juan C. Penhos, Tomio Tanese, Leslie Michaels, Raul Gutman, Lillian Recant
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The biological activity of purified porcine proinsulin was investigated in rats. In vivo studies revealed that proinsulin produced a hypoglycemic response similar to insulin but of lesser magnitude. Hypophysectomized and adrenalectomized animals proved to be more sensitive to proinsulin than normal. In vitro studies with rat hemidiaphragm were consistent with the in vivo findings. No competition with insulin action could be demonstrated. Experiments were carried out to determine whether proinsulin is converted to intermediate forms or insulin as a requisite to its biological activity. Labeled proinsulin injected in vivo or incubated in vitro remained intact by a variety of techniques (Sephadex column chromatography and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis). An inhibitory action of Kunitz pancreatic trypsin inhibitor on proinsulin action in vitro was confirmed. No clarification of this effect could be ascertained.