tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GENERAL BODILY RESISTANCE AS A FACTOR IN NOSE AND THROAT DISEASE.
Authors: FRANK LOUIS STILLMAN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Good health is sometimes regained after the organism has been long below par, but in these cases there does not seem to be as much surplus to draw on as in those cases in which there is an exuberant vitality—in which, with a heritage of good health to start with, there has been a continued triumph of health and resistance over the encroachments of disease. It is this tendency of repeated small attacks of sickness acting as a drag upon the natural tendency of the body toward health that should be carefully watched by the physician. For example, a cold in the head is not generally considered a very dangerous thing, but frequently recurring colds in the head will lead to lack of resiliency in the parts affected that may gradually lead to chronicity. The majority of the cases coming under the care of a throat specialist are chronic, and
Use of 111In-Labeled Leukocytes In Evaluation of Renal Transplant Rejection: A Preliminary Report
Authors: MATHIS P. FRICK, CLARENCE E. HENKE, LeROY A. FORSTROM, RICHARD A. SIMMONS, JEFFREY McCULLOUGH, MERLE K. LOKEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

FRICK, MATHIS P. M.D.; HENKE, CLARENCE E. M.D.; FORSTROM, LeROY A. M.D., Ph.D.; SIMMONS, RICHARD A. M.D.; McCULLOUGH, JEFFREY M.D.; LOKEN, MERLE K. M.D., Ph.D. Author Information
Antenatal screening for Down's syndrome
Authors: P. Bingham, P. Old
Journal: BMJ (1992)

whole screened population the number of babies with Down's syndrome was 25.With Wald and colleagues' screening test, the number of Down's syndrome babies detected was 12.With screening by maternal age > 37 years alone, the number detected could have been 7 out of 25.These proportions are not significantly different (Fisher's exact test p=0-24; odds ratio 2-37; 95% confidence interval 0 73 to 7 68).Even with the different uptake of amniocentesis in the two groups-that is, 75% for all ages and 63% for those ¢ 37 years- there was still no significant difference in the result (p=0-2; odds ratio 2-95 (0 77 to 11-3)).Only 4 9% of women were aged ¢ 37 years; the confidential enquiries into maternal deaths in the United Kingdom 1985-7 reported that 8% of pregnant women were over 352 and in our hospital in 1991 the proportion ¢ 37 years was 9-2%.This proportion is likely to rise as women delay their families for personal and financial reasons, and as this proportion rises the detection rates from the triple test and from maternal age alone will become even more similar.In any particular district the cost of introducing this programme will depend on the proportion of women ¢ 37 years; in addition, many authorities (including our own) have now abandoned co fetoprotein testing, relying for neural tube defect screening on ultrasonography alone, and the cost of reintroducing this test would need to be accounted for in the calculations.
Specialists hit back at psychologists who want to ditch biomedical diagnoses
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Specialists in both psychiatry and psychology came to the defence of classification systems for mental illnesses last week, after clinical psychologists called for diagnostic labels to be abandoned in favour of a conceptual system not based on a “disease” model.

Recorded at the press conference

The British Psychological Society’s Division of Clinical Psychology, which represents more than 10 000 practitioners, issued a statement on 17 May damning diagnoses such as schizophrenia, personality disorder, and bipolar disorder because they have “limited reliability and questionable validity.”1

“Psychiatric diagnosis is often presented as an objective statement of fact, but is, in essence, a clinical judgement based on observation and interpretation of behaviour and self-report, and thus subject to variation and bias,” the statement said.

Instead, the division said that …
Immunoaugmentative Therapy
Authors: Gregory A. Curt
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Immunoaugmentative therapy is an unproved cancer treatment that until recently was offered to patients by zoologist Lawrence Burton, PhD, at a facility in Freeport, Bahamas. The therapy consists of serum measurements of certain "immune deficiencies" and purportedly restores immune function by injection of products variously derived from tumor tissue and blood from individuals with cancer and healthy volunteers. Immunoaugmentative therapy represents a potentially serious public health risk, since it is capable of transmitting hepatitis B and the presumed etiologic agent for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Physicians and health officials who learn of patients receiving this therapy are advised that its efficacy remains unproved and that the risk of receiving contaminated blood products is considerable. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:505-507)
Reply to Enzo Palminteri's Editorial Comment on: Jörg Dabernig, Odhran P. Shelley, Guiseppe Cuccia and Jürgen Schaff. Urethral Reconstruction Using the Radial Forearm Free Flap: Experience in Oncologic Cases and Gender Reassignment. Eur Urol 2007;52:547–54
Authors: Jörg Dabernig
Journal: European Urology (2008)
A Requirement to Reduce Readmissions
Authors: Mark V. Williams
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Low CD4+ Counts in a Study of Transfusion Safety: Correction
Authors: James W. Mosley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: We must call to your readers' attention an error that occurred during the editing of our recent letter to the Editor (Feb. 11 issue).1 In our Table 1, the categories of patients with clotting disorders should have been labeled “treated” (meaning that the patients had received some form of clotting-factor concentrate or blood component) and “untreated” (meaning that the patients had not been given any concentrate or component since 1979). Similarly, the categories of patients with congenital anemias should have been labeled “treated,” to indicate those who had received blood components for their disorder, and “untreated,” to . . .
Physiologic Stimuli Simulating Ischemic Heart Desease
Authors: Henry J. L. Marriott
Journal: JAMA (1967)

After the unrecognized normal variant,<sup>1</sup>the next most important coronary mimic is the physiologic stimulus that upsets the electrocardiogram. Changes so produced are obviously not indicative of heart disease and usually revert to normal soon after the stimulus is removed. Simplest of these are the changes with posture: for example, the normally upright T<sub>2</sub>wave may become inverted and the normal P-R interval may become prolonged when the subject stands. Since ECGs are, in practice, seldom recorded with the patient in any but the recumbent position, this is an unimportant source of confusion. Exercise can produce widespread inversion of T waves in susceptible normal persons and it is therefore important never to regard an exercise test as positive because of T-wave changes alone. The primitive, self-preservative act of eating may prolong A-V conduction and may flatten or invert the T waves. This change is apparently related to the carbohydrate
Coronary-Artery Surgery at the Crossroads
Authors: Eugene Braunwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The surgical treatment of coronary-artery disease began early in this century when surgical sympathectomy was reported as a successful treatment for angina pectoris. Since then a variety of procedures have been tried, all of which were greeted with initial enthusiasm, which then rapidly waned. However, aortocoronary-artery bypass graft (CABG) is qualitatively superior to the earlier operations because it is associated with marked and sustained relief of angina pectoris in most patients. Since the delivery of substantial quantities of blood to previously ischemic myocardium can be accomplished with relatively low mortality by a skilled, experienced surgical team, the indications for this . . .
Abstract 3737: Identifying novel therapeutic targets for cancer stem cell differentiation.
Authors: Germán L. Vélez Reyes, Haidi Yang, Aaron Wilson, Martin Henault, Elizabeth Frias, Michael Schlabach, Margaret Mclaughlin, Nathan Ross, Gregory Hoffman, Amy Chen, Marc Hild, Aron Jaffe
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract A growing body of evidence supports a role for cancer stem cells in the initiation and maintenance of a wide range of tumors. Cancer stem cells appear to be less sensitive to current treatments, necessitating the discovery of novel strategies for targeting this cell type. We hypothesize that driving cancer stem cells to differentiate will be an effective approach for inhibiting tumor growth and recurrence. Indeed, this strategy is used for the treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, which presents with an accumulation of promyelocytes. Treatment with all-trans retinoic acid drives these cells to differentiate into neutrophils and leads to complete remission in over 90% of patients. The goal of our work is to identify druggable nodes to drive epithelial cancer stem cells to differentiate, leading to inhibition of tumor growth. We are currently focused on colorectal cancer, for which there is a high unmet medical need. Each year, more than 1.2 million new cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma are reported. It is estimated that 80% of colon tumors have mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, which results in constitutive activation of the Wnt pathway and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. Wnt signaling activates the transcription of genes that drive cell proliferation. Recent studies have shown that β-catenin is necessary for the maintenance of colorectal adenocarcinomas with APC mutations. Indeed, β-catenin knockdown in colon cancer cells drives them to differentiate and decreases their proliferative capacity, reducing tumor size in vivo. We have developed a number of methods to monitor this process in vitro, and will present our efforts to screen for novel targets that can drive colon tumor stem cells to differentiate. Citation Format: Germán L. Vélez Reyes, Haidi Yang, Aaron Wilson, Martin Henault, Elizabeth Frias, Michael Schlabach, Margaret Mclaughlin, Nathan Ross, Gregory Hoffman, Amy Chen, Marc Hild, Aron Jaffe. Identifying novel therapeutic targets for cancer stem cell differentiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3737. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3737
Clinical trials update from the Heart Failure Society of America and the American Heart Association meetings in 2008: SADHART‐CHF, COMPARE, MOMENTUM, thyroid hormone analogue study, HF‐ACTION, I‐PRESERVE, β‐interferon study, BACH, and ATHENA
Authors: Alison P. Coletta, Andrew L. Clark, John G.F. Cleland
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Cardiocirculatory Studies in Pulsus Alternans of the Systemic and Pulmonary Circulations
Authors: M. IRENÉ FERRER, RÉJANE M. HARVEY, ANDRÉ COURNAND, DICKINSON W. RICHARDS
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Studies carried out in 21 patients have shown for the first time that alternation of the pulse pressure in man can occur independently in either the greater or the lesser circulation without appearing in the other. Even when bilateral alternation exists, this cyclic variation may disappear in one circulation while persisting in the other. Mechanisms responsible for pulsus alternans, in particular variations in stroke volume and vascular pressures, are considered, and no single explanation satisfies the facts revealed in this study.
Influence of knowledge of peak flow on self assessment of asthma: studies with a coded peak flow meter.
Authors: C M Higgs, R B Richardson, D A Lea, G T Lewis, G Laszlo
Journal: Thorax (1986)

A portable peak flow meter based on a turbine transducer that can display results in code has been developed. Its performance compares well with the Wright peak flow meter. Records of subjective self assessment of asthma on a visual analogue scale and of peak flow (PEF) were compared in 12 subjects with asthma. PEF measurements were made with a coded meter for two weeks and an uncoded meter for two weeks in random order. The correlation between visual analogue scale score and PEF was invariably stronger when PEF was known. Changes in perception of asthma were measured by comparing the slopes and relative positions of the regressions of visual analogue on PEF. When PEF was uncoded awareness of asthma was significantly increased in five patients, predominantly those whose perception was poorest while they were using the coded meter, and decreased in only one patient. In two patients the results were unsuitable for this type of analysis. Knowledge of PEF therefore may influence subjective self assessment in patients with bronchial asthma. For objective studies of symptoms of asthma, PEF readings should be unknown to the patient. Perception of asthma may, however, be improved in patients with poor ability to detect changes in bronchial calibre by uncoded measurement of peak flow at home.
Sensation and gas dynamics in functional gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: J-R Malagelada
Journal: Gut (2002)

Our current knowledge of motor and sensory functions in the human gut is critically reviewed, showing how the two may interact to produce symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. A local stimulus is necessary to activate the pathogenetic symptom generation process, and in many patients abnormal pooling of gas at various or extensive sites in the bowel and focal gut distension may provide the local stimulus, compounded by spatial summation phenomena and conscious visceral hypersensitivity. The interplay of these mechanisms results in the clinical expression of symptoms.
Miliary tuberculosis in a nonagenarian.
Authors: R. Milton, R. P. Yadava, R. W. Ainsworth
Journal: BMJ (1969)

MBICJOUR 315nasal polypi.The thin bony walls of the ethmoidal labyrinth are destroyed by chronic sinusitis.This allows infection through the cribriform plate.I would, however, disagree with the opinion that meningitis rarely occurs in patients with spontaneous C.S.F.rhinorrhoea.I have diagnosed this condition in three of my patients.Two of them developed meningitis.The diagnosis is not difficult provided one bears it in mind.A watery nasal discharge is a very common symptom in an otolaryngological clinic.It is usually due to allergic rhinitis or chronic rhinitis due to nose drops.In C.S.F.rhinorrhoea a sample of the fluid will contain glucose.This never happens in allergic rhinitis.A rapid test is to insert a Clinitest stick into each nostril.It will con- firm the presence of glucose and show the side of the C.S.F.leak.Tomography does not help to confirm a bony defect in the cribriform plate.The area is difficult to see clearly by x-rays.Looking for radioactive isotopes in the nose after they have been put into the lumbar theca is an important development.It may help us to diagnose this condition more often.-Iam, etc.,
Glomerular mRNAs in human type 1 diabetes: Biochemical evidence for microalbuminuria as a manifestation of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Sharon G. Adler, Shin-Wook Kang, Stella Feld, Dae Ryong Cha, Lilly Barba, Liliane Striker, Gary Striker, Bruce L. Riser, Janine Lapage, Cynthia C. Nast
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
A Long Krupin-Denver Valve Implant Attached to a 180° Scleral Explant for Glaucoma Surgery
Authors: Theodore Krupin, Robert Ritch, Carl B. Camras, Alexander J. Brucker, Thomas O. Muldoon, Janet Serle, Steven M. Podos, Stephen H. Sinclair
Journal: Ophthalmology (1988)

A long glaucoma valve implant attached to an external scleral explant was used during filtration surgery in 72 eyes: 39 eyes with neovascular glaucoma and 33 eyes with other types of secondary glaucomas or with primary glaucoma in which prior filtration surgery had failed. The implant consisted of an open Silastic tube (outside diameter, 0.64 mm), which was placed into the anterior chamber. The external end of the tube contained a pressure-sensitive (opening pressure, 11 mmHg) and unidirectional slit-valve, and was sutured within the groove of a #220 Silastic explant. The 180° explant was placed beneath three rectus muscles and then sutured so that the grooved side was against the sclera, with the anterior edge 8 to 12 mm posterior to the limbus. The long glaucoma valve implant resulted in a large, posterior bleb extending over the area of the Silastic explant. The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) of 43.9 mmHg in the eyes with neovascular glaucoma was reduced to 17.4 mmHg after a mean follow-up of 20.2 months. The mean preoperative IOP of 38.1 mmHg in the eyes after failure of previous filtration surgery was reduced to 17.6 mmHg at a mean follow-up of 21.0 months. Postoperative IOP was less than 21 mmHg in 77% of eyes with neovascular glaucoma (47% required additional medication) and in 82% of eyes with previous failure of filtration surgery (56% required additional medication).
Perforation of the Gastrointestinal Tract by an Unusual Foreign Body — A Porcupine Quill
Authors: Harry C. McDade, Walter B. Crandell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

SHARP, indigestible foreign bodies are not infrequently swallowed, and yet consequent perforation of the gastrointestinal tract is rare.1 Macmanus2 analyzed 95 cases of perforation by sharp objects of great variety. He found that 73 per cent of perforations occurred in and around the ileocecal region and that the clinical features of perforation are most frequently manifest in four ways: an early localized peritonitis; an indurated, inflammatory tumor; an abscess; and general peritonitis. Snodgrass3 has emphasized the frequency with which a person is exposed to the hazards of a toothpick, particularly one using artificial dentures, which cover ordinarily protective sensory areas. . . .
Decrease of regulatory T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: S Mellor-Pita
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

Current evidence indicates that regulatory T cells (Tregs) actively suppress autoreactive lymphocytes that escape central tolerance.1,2 Tregs are characterised by a high intensity CD25 constitutive expression3 on the surface of CD4 T lymphocytes, which distinguishes them from the non-regulatory CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes.4 Because of their important role in the maintenance of tolerance, it has been suggested that Tregs are decreased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).5 We have quantified Tregs in patients with SLE and controls and evaluated their association with disease activity and treatment.

Thirty three patients with SLE (26 women, 7 men) and 14 healthy volunteers matched for age and sex (11 women, 3 men) with a mean age of 39.9 and 36 years, respectively, were studied. All patients fulfilled at least four of the American College of Rheumatology 1982 revised criteria for the classification of SLE.6 Disease activity at the time of blood sampling was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI).7 …
The Challenge of Minority Recruitment in Clinical Trials for AIDS
Authors: Wafaa El-Sadr
Journal: JAMA (1992)

RECENT efforts to extend clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) research trials to urban, poor, minority communities suggest that a new paradigm is required to make such efforts succeed. This new paradigm must reflect the special needs of these communities and should recognize historical distrust of clinical trials and the need for extensive educational and social support services. The AIDS epidemic has focused attention on research and access to experimental therapy. The intensity of public debate may be new, but the problems are not. The proper sampling of a heterogeneous population has long been an important consideration in epidemiologic and clinical research, and it is well appreciated that race can affect disease severity and progression as well as response to drug therapy. A number of studies have shown differences between African Americans and whites in response to antihypertensive therapy.<sup>1-3</sup>These studies suggest that race is an important consideration when planning and
Abstract 2457: The MUC1 membrane-bound mucin is an actor in renal clear-cell carcinoma
Authors: Audrey Bouillez, Viviane Gnemmi, Brigitte Hémon, Isabelle Van Seuningen, Laurent Zini, Xavier Leroy, Sébastien Aubert, Michael Perrais
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract MUC1, an O-glycoprotein membrane-bound mucin, is overexpressed in renal clear-cell carcinomas (CRCC) with correlation to two major prognostic factors, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage and nuclear Fürhman grade. Previously (Aubert et al., Cancer Res 2009), we have shown that (i) MUC1 was significantly overexpressed in metastatic CRCC vs non-metastatic CRCC and (ii) MUC1 is a target gene of HIF-1 transcription factor which is a part of the hypoxia pathway, the main renal carcinogenetic pathway. To better understand the roles of MUC1 in CRCC, we used two renal cell lines expressing MUC1 (Caki-2 cells) or not (ACHN cells). Caki-2 cells were stably transfected with shRNA targeting MUC1 and ACHN cells with an expressing vector containing MUC1 cDNA. Proliferation, migration and invasion properties were studied in vitro in the different cellular clones using Boyden chambers coated with Matrigel, wound healing assay and MTS cell proliferation assay, respectively. Our results showed that (i) MUC1 expression was associated with an increase of invasion and migration properties of renal carcinoma cells whereas no effect on proliferation and apoptotic rate was observed and (ii) levels of phospho-JNK were higher in MUC1 expressing cells. Results of (i) transcriptomic analysis on 44K Agilent microarrays, (ii) signaling pathway screening and (iii) subcutaneous xenografts will be presented. Our results show that MUC1 plays a role in biological properties of renal cancer cells suggesting important function for this mucin in tumour progression and confirms its potential as a therapeutic target in this type of cancer. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2457.