tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Studies of Gastric Hydrochloric Acid Secretion in Pernicious Anemia: The Value of Near-maximal Stimulation Techniques.
Authors: Julius Wenger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Studies of Gastric Hydrochloric Acid Secretion in Pernicious Anemia: The Value of Near-maximal Stimulation Techniques.Julius Wenger, M.D. (Associate), Ivan A. Backerman, M.D., Joel S. Steinberg, M.D., Benjamin R. Gendel, M.D., F.A.C.P.Julius Wenger, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this author, Ivan A. Backerman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Joel S. Steinberg, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Benjamin R. Gendel, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1082_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Excerpt"A chlorhydria" in pernicious anemia requires more specific definition. Accurate gastric juice collection and pH determination and the choice of proper gastric stimuli are essential.Fifty-four adult patients with known pernicious anemia were retested for the ability to secrete gastric hydrochloric acid with the newer stimulating techniques. Gastric aspiration by hand suction was performed at 15-minute intervals for 1 hour after a stimulus that wasgreaterthan the "standard dose" of histamine. The pH of each specimen was determined with a glass electrode. A fall in pH below 6.0 or a fall in pH of more than 1.0 pH unit... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Atlanta, Georgia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1082-1082KeywordsFallsHistamineHydrochloric acidPernicious anemia Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Severe asthma in adults: What are the important questions?
Authors: Pascal Chanez, Sally E. Wenzel, Gary P. Anderson, Josep M. Anto, Elisabeth H. Bel, Louis-Philippe Boulet, Christopher E. Brightling, William W. Busse, Mario Castro, Babro Dahlen, Sven Erik Dahlen, Leo M. Fabbri, Stephen T. Holgate, Marc Humbert, Mina Gaga, Guy F. Joos, Bruce Levy, Klaus F. Rabe, Peter J. Sterk, Susan J. Wilson, Isabelle Vachier
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Evidence for Independent Heritability of the Glycation Gap (Glycosylation Gap) Fraction of HbA1c in Nondiabetic Twins: Response to Cohen et al.
Authors: Frank Q. Nuttall
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

I have read with interest the article by Cohen et al. (1) in Diabetes Care . In this article, the authors reported a significant effect of heredity on the A1C values in twin subjects. This hereditary effect was attributed to “genes that preferentially affect erythrocyte lifespan or glucose and/or nonenzymatic glycation or deglycation in the intracellular rather …
Crash Dieter's Hair Loss
Authors: Detlef K. Goette
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  Recently, several patients complaining of profuse hair loss of the scalp have come to our attention, and reports have been made previously concerning two of these. 1 All gave a fairly uniform history of having partaken in a vigorous, usually four- to six-week-long weight control program: a starvation diet of 500 calories daily, accompanied in three cases by human chorionic gonadotropin injections, vitamins, aminoacids and minerals. All patients experienced rapid weight loss of 10.5 to 16.5 kg in four to eight weeks. Profuse hair loss set in at three to four months after inception of the dietary regimen and persisted for two to three months, with subsequent gradual hair regrowth. Uniformly, these patients showed telogen hair counts of 30% to 50% (normal, 10% to 15%), thus confirming the diagnosis of telogen effluvium.  Telogen effluvium, a term coined by Kligman, 2 describes the shedding of telogen (resting or
Virus-replicating T cells in the immune response of mice. II. Characterization of T cells capable of replicating vesicular stomatitis virus.
Authors: N Minato, Y Katsura
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Immunocytological properties of the splenic T cell (Tv) which develop into virus plaque-forming cells in response to the antigenic challenge in vitro were investigated in relation to the properties of helper T cells and suppressor T cells in antibody response. Tv was observed in spleen around 1 wk after the intravenous injection of mice with 10(7) sheep erythrocytes. This contrasted with the finding that both helper T cells and suppressor T cells developed as early as 3 days after the immunization. Tv was proliferative in response to the antigenic stimulation, whereas helper T-cell activity could be expressed without cell division. Development of Tv to virus plaque-forming cells was much more dependent on macrophages than the generation of helper activity. Tv was found in nylon wool adherent fraction, whereas helper T cell was found in both nylon adherent and nonadherent fractions. Tv belongs to the short-lived and nonrecirculating T-cell population (T1), whereas the major part of helper T cells belongs to the long-lived and recirculating T-cell population (T2). These results strongly suggest that vesicular stomatitis virus infect and replicate in the different subset(s) of T cell(s) to which the major part of helper T cells belong.
Abstract 2301: Cross validation of NGS methylated targets using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)
Authors: Dawne N. Shelton, Claudia Litterst, John F. Regan, Helen R. Moinova, Sanford D. Markowitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract DNA methylation is one of the most studied epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation plays an important role in a number of physiological processes as well as common diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. In mammals, DNA methylation occurs at the C-5 position of cytosine in CpG dinucle¬otide sequences, which are mainly concentrated in regions known as CpG islands. Methylation in CpG islands within gene promoters usually leads to gene silencing. Recent data have shown the correlation of methylation and disease status. However, there are significant limitations in both biology and technology. Biologically, methylation status is highly heterogeneous in nature. In normal controls there is never a complete lack of methylation marks, and conversely, never a completely saturated methylation signature. In addition methylation sites of interest are often located in CpG islands, regions where multiple methylation sites occur side by side, making assay design and discrimination challenging. Technological hurdles add significant variability as well. The typical method for determining methylation is bisulfite conversion, which uses harsh chemicals to convert cytosines to uracil. When a cytosine is methylated, it is largely, though not completely, protected from the conversion process. However, bisulfite conversion also causes a great deal of DNA damage, causing the strands to separate and fragment. In most cases of research, the DNAs that researchers want to examine are from FFPE or cfDNA samples, samples which are already both limited and damaged. Because of these challenges, there is an unmet need for a sensitive yet robust method to analyze DNA methylation in clinical samples in a rapid, inexpensive, and high throughput manner. Herein we showcase the use of ddPCR for detection of DNA methylation in bisulfite converted gDNA samples. First we demonstrate the superior sensitivity, linearity and robustness of ddPCR methylation detection in the SNRPN promoter, a model system for an imprinted gene involved in neurological disorders. Secondly we show the detection of DNA methylation in the vimentin promoter, which is known to be methylated in cancer (Li et al. Nat. Biotech. 2009). We will demonstrate reproducible detection in replicate bisulfite converted samples and sensitivity. Citation Format: Dawne N. Shelton, Claudia Litterst, John F. Regan, Helen R. Moinova, Sanford D. Markowitz. Cross validation of NGS methylated targets using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2301. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2301
Adverse reactions to influenza vaccine in elderly people: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.
Authors: T M Govaert, G J Dinant, K Aretz, N Masurel, M J Sprenger, J A Knottnerus
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the frequency and type of side effects after influenza vaccination in elderly people. DESIGN--Randomised double blind placebo controlled study. SETTING--15 general practices in the southern Netherlands. SUBJECTS--1806 patients aged 60 or older, of whom 904 received influenza vaccine and 902 placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Adverse reactions reported on postal questionnaire completed four weeks after vaccination. RESULTS--210 (23%) patients given vaccine reported one or more adverse reactions compared with 127 (14%) given placebo. The frequency of local adverse reactions were 17.5% in the vaccine group and 7.3% in the placebo group (p &lt; 0.001). There was no difference in systemic adverse reactions (11% v 9.4%; p = 0.34). In general, men reported fewer side effects than women. CONCLUSION--Only local side effects were more common in vaccinated patients and all side effects were mild.
Treatment with tacrolimus and prednisolone is preferable to intravenous cyclophosphamide as the initial therapy for children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Ashima Gulati, Aditi Sinha, Aarti Gupta, Madhuri Kanitkar, Vishnubhatla Sreenivas, Jyoti Sharma, Mukta Mantan, Indira Agarwal, Amit K. Dinda, Pankaj Hari, Arvind Bagga
Journal: Kidney International (2012)
Mutational analysis of the ATP2A2 gene in two Darier disease families with intrafamilial variability
Authors: T. Onozuka, D. Sawamura, K. Yokota, H. Shimizu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Darier disease (DD), an autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by warty papules and plaques over seborrhoeic areas, is caused by mutations in the ATP2A2 gene, which encodes the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase type 2 isoform (SERCA2). While markedly different clinical severity within DD-affected family members is known, the pathomechanism has not been elucidated.Based on the hypothesis that multiple ATP2A2 mutations might contribute to the pathomechanism, we have analysed two DD families in which the clinical severity differs markedly within a single pedigree, and, as controls, eight DD families without differing clinical severity.All the exons and intron-exon borders of ATP2A2 were directly sequenced from the genomic DNA extracted from all the subjects.We identified the heterozygous mutations, G233R in pedigree 1 and C318R in pedigree 2, respectively, whereas no other ATP2A2 mutations in any of severely affected individuals were found. In eight DD pedigrees as control, we have found M1V, N39D, L180R, A838P and 2170 insertion G in each of five pedigrees, but no mutation was found in three DD pedigrees.Our results together with previous data indicate that the distribution of mutations is scattered over the entire ATP2A2 without any, as yet, discernible 'hotspots'. The mutations in pedigrees 1 and 2 with intrafamiliar clinical differences occurred around the Ca(2+)-binding sites on SERCA2, which might be associated with differences in clinical severity. These variations in ATP2A2 mutations alone cannot account for the clinical heterogeneity within DD pedigrees.
Delays in thrombolysis.
Authors: P. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1992)

cardinal symptoms of a pharyngeal pouch also include spontaneous regurgitation, weight loss, and dysphagia.2Barium swallow is the principal means of diagnosing both oesophageal achalasia3 and pharyngeal pouch.Moreover, there is a very real risk of a traumatic oesophageal perforation as a result of entering an unknown pouch, even with a flexible endoscope.Barium swallow is a simple, non-traumatic, cheap, and safe outpatient in- vestigation suitable for most patients with suspected oesophageal pathology, and traumatic oesophageal perforation due to endoscopy in the absence of a barium swallow would be difficult to defend.
Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Joel Solomon
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Cyclophosphamide, a recently-developed alkylating agent that may be administered orally, intramuscularly, and intravenously, was given to 135 patients with a wide variety of malignant diseases. Significant benefit was obtained in patients with lymphomas and leukemias as well as malignant melanoma, multiple myeloma, and carcinoma of the ovaries, pancreas, and nasopharynx. The major toxic effects encountered were nausea (44/128), vomiting (34/128), alopecia (40/128), leukopenia (30/124), and thrombocytopenia (8/92). Different routes of administration and different dosages were found effective in the chroni leukemias as opposed to the "solid tumors. The lesser incidence of thrombocytopenia and wide antitumor spectrum combine to distinguish this drug from heretofore available alkylating agents. Optimal patient palliation can be obtained only through careful clinical and hematologic control to avoid undue manifestations of toxicity.
Excessive Doses of Insulin
Authors: D. ROBERT AXELROD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1983Excessive Doses of InsulinD. ROBERT AXELROD, M.D.D. ROBERT AXELROD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-678_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: On the problem of excessive insulin administration examined in the review article by Wilson (1), I write to add some clinical observations.The most frequent reason that patients are admitted to my care for better control of their diabetes is overuse of insulin. This problem applies not only to type 1 diabetic patients but to any diabetic patient taking insulin regularly. Unsuspected hypoglycemia can frequently be detected by finding ketonuria without, or with a little, glycosuria. This finding results from a shift of energy metabolism to fat, producing ketones because glucose is unavailable, not because of an...Reference1. WILSON D. Excessive insulin therapy: biochemical effects and clinical repercussions: current concepts of counterregulation in type 1 diabetes. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:219-27. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: D. ROBERT AXELROD, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1983Volume 98, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 678-678KeywordsEnergy metabolismFatsGlucoseHypoglycemiaInsulinKetones ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Results of the Surgical Treatment for Mitral Stenosis
Authors: O. HENRY JANTON, ROBERT P. GLOVER, THOMAS J. E. O'NEILL, JOHN E. GREGORY, GREGORY F. FROIO
Journal: Circulation (1952)

An analysis of the first 100 consecutive cases of mitral stenosis treated by commissurotomy is presented. Frank hemoptysis was noted in 25 individuals and systemic arterial emboli in 22 others; no recurrence of these complications was found one to three and one-half years after surgery. "Pure" mitral stenosis was present in 64, and an associated insufficiency in 27; in nine others there was an associated aortic insufficiency. A sinus rhythm changed to auricular fibrillation after surgery in 15; in nine the change was permanent. In one instance auricular fibrillation changed to sinus rhythm postoperatively. A rough correlation was found between the extremes of pulmonary artery systolic pressure and the clinical, roentgen and electrocardiographic findings Calcium was found in the mitral valves in 52 patients and did not, per se, predicate a poor functional result. No instance of rheumatic fever occurred postoperatively, even though 14 of 78 biopsied auricular appendages indicated rheumatic infection. Functional improvement occurred in 78 patients, and there were nine unimproved. There were 11 deaths due to surgery and two who died during this three-year follow-up from intercurrent infection.
Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Promotes Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition through Notch-Dependent Signaling
Authors: Paola Gasperini, Georgina Espigol-Frigole, Peter J. McCormick, Ombretta Salvucci, Dragan Maric, Thomas S. Uldrick, Mark N. Polizzotto, Robert Yarchoan, Giovanna Tosato
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is now widely considered a pivotal contributor to cancer progression. In this study, we show that the Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a sufficient cause of EndMT, potentially helping to explain the aggressiveness of KS that occurs commonly in AIDS patients. Upon KSHV infection, primary dermal microvascular endothelial cells lost expression of endothelial markers and acquired expression of mesenchymal markers, displaying new invasive and migratory properties along with increased survival. KSHV activated Notch-induced transcription factors Slug and ZEB1, and canonical Notch signaling was required for KSHV-induced EndMT. In contrast, KSHV did not utilize the TGFβ signaling pathway, which has also been linked to EndMT. Within KS lesions, KSHV-infected spindle cells displayed features compatible with KSHV-induced EndMT including a complex phenotype of endothelial and mesenchymal properties, Notch activity, and nuclear ZEB1 expression. Our results show that KSHV engages the EndMT program to increase the invasiveness and survival of infected endothelial cells, traits that likely contribute to viral persistence and malignant progression. One important implication of our findings is that therapeutic approaches to disrupt the Notch pathway may offer novel approaches for KS treatment.
Detection of Tuberculosis in General Practice by Photofluorography
Authors: F. A. Nash, B. Benjamin, T. J. Lee
Journal: BMJ (1953)

It is felt that in the type of case described antero- lateral chordotomy gives the best results.The mechanism of pain production and its relief by the various treat- ments is discussed.Mr. Anthony James and Dr. D. Macdonald Wilson, both of New Zealand, have given me
Abstract LB-257: Immunoadjuvant ISG15 enhances human papillomavirus 16 antigen-specific cell-mediated antitumor immunity
Authors: Daniel Villarreal, Megan C. Wise, Jian Yang, David B. Weiner
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Adjuvants are critical components of most clinically used vaccines and act as substances to enhance adaptive immune responses to an antigen. Here we examine a new immunoadjuvant, interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), for its adjuvant effects in an HPV-associated cancer immune therapy model where cell-mediated immunity is crucial for protection. ISG15 is an ubiquitin-like protein induced by type I interferon and associated with antiviral activity. Recent studies of ISG15 have re-established that ISG15 is also a secreted molecule with cytokine-like properties. However, the potential ability of ISG15 to influence the Th1 and CD8 T cell immune responses and act a vaccine adjuvant, has not been well defined. To this end, we developed a highly optimized DNA-vector encoding the ISG15 protein and evaluated its immunogenicity to increase the cellular immune responses in combination with a DNA consensus-based fusion HPV16 E6/E7 construct. We demonstrate that ISG15 can enhance Ag-specific Th1 memory responses to HPV16 E6/E7 antigen by IFN-γ ELISpot analysis. Moreover, ISG15 elicited strong HPV16 Ag-specific polyfunctional CD8+ T cells that secrete both anti-viral IFN-γ and/or TNF-α cytokines. Vaccination conferred remarkable 100% protection against challenge with HPV E6 and E7-expressing tumors. Overall, these findings lay the groundwork of ISG15 as a new immunoadjuvant candidate in the context of cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: Daniel Villarreal, Megan C. Wise, Jian Yang, David B. Weiner. Immunoadjuvant ISG15 enhances human papillomavirus 16 antigen-specific cell-mediated antitumor immunity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-257. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-257
My Right Knee
Authors: Kevin C. Fleming
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters2 August 2005My Right KneeKevin C. Fleming, MDKevin C. Fleming, MDFrom Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-3-200508020-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although the application of the “total quality” method might seem appropriate to medicine, one fundamental problem exists. The “quality movement” is, of course, a concept borrowed from business models, which can be traced back to Deming's seminal work (1). However, there is a critical difference between U.S. medicine and other businesses that makes Dr. Berwick's search (2) a fool's errand. Specifically, “total quality” was primarily intended as a method to increase sales and profits in a business operating in the free market, and U.S. health care is simply not a free market.According to 2001 data from ...References1. Micklethwait J, Woolridge A. The Witch Doctors: Making Sense of the Management Gurus. New York: Random House; 1996:247, 280. Google Scholar2. Berwick DM. My right knee. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:121-5. [PMID: 15657160] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Health at a Glance 2003—OECD Countries Struggle with Rising Demand for Health Spending. 16 October 2003. Accessed at www.oecd.org/document/38/0,2340,en_2649_33929_16560422_1_1_1_1,00.html on 5 July 2005. Google Scholar4. Woolhandler S, Himmelstein DU. Paying for national health insurance—and not getting it. Health Aff (Millwood). 2002;21:88-98. [PMID: 12117155] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. The Factors Fueling Rising Healthcare Costs. Prepared by PriceWaterhouseCoopers for the American Association of Health Plans. Washington, DC: April 2002:1–13. Available at www.aahp.org/InternalLinks/PwCFinalReport.pdf. Google Scholar6. Hayek FA. The Road to Serfdom. Chicago: Univ of Chicago Pr; 1994:97-111. Google Scholar7. Sowell T. Applied Economics: Thinking Beyond Stage One;. New York, NY: Basic Books; 2003:72-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Kevin C. Fleming, MDAffiliations: From Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMy Right Knee Donald M. Berwick My Right Knee Donald M. Berwick My Right Knee Benjamin L. Sapers Metrics 2 August 2005Volume 143, Issue 3Page: 237KeywordsDrugsHealth careHealth care sectorHealth economicsKneesMedicareMotivationPrevention, policy, and public healthTaxesVeteran care ePublished: 2 August 2005 Issue Published: 2 August 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...