tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pick your own nits
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2012)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of acute alcohol ingestion on myocardial ischaemia in patients with coronary heart disease and stable angina. DESIGN: Randomised crossover study using fruit juice with and without ethanol. SETTING: Division of cardiology in a university hospital. PATIENTS: 20 patients with stable exertional angina and &gt; or = 50% luminal diameter narrowing of at least one major coronary artery. INTERVENTIONS: Each patient was studied on two separate days, once after administration of 1.25 g of ethanol per kilogram of body weight diluted to 15% in juice, and once after an equivalent volume of juice; both tests were in the evening and lasted 90 minutes. The patients were scheduled to have 8 periods of walking for 10 min according to a time table. An ambulatory electrocardiogram and the occurrence of anginal attacks were recorded and blood pressure and blood ethanol concentration were measured until the next morning. RESULTS: The blood ethanol concentration (mean (SD)) rose to 28.8 mmol/l (1.3 (0.4)/1000). Alcohol raised the systolic blood pressure from 132 (16) to 141 (14) mm Hg (P &lt; 0.05 compared with juice). The mean heart rate increased from 57 (7) to 64 (8) beats/min (P &lt; 0.05) for 13 hours after ethanol ingestion compared with juice. The total duration of ischaemia during the ethanol test was 3.5 (median, range 0-80) min, compared with 0 (range 0-67) min for the juice test (P &lt; 0.05). The difference resulted mainly from more silent ischaemia after ethanol ingestion (2.3 (0-80) v 0 (0-67) min; P &lt; 0.05). The ST segment depression time integral increased during the ethanol test (4.4 (0-170) mm x min) relative to that during the juice test (0 (0-103) mm x min; P &lt; 0.01) and especially during the following 13 hours after alcohol (3.5 (0-123) mm x min) compared with juice (0 (0-67) mm x min; P &lt; 0.005). There were no changes in the number, duration, or ST segment depression time integral of the episodes of symptomatic angina, indicating that ethanol augmented the appearance of silent ischaemia. CONCLUSIONS: Acute heavy ethanol drinking aggravates myocardial ischaemia in patients with stable angina pectoris.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Accelerated Atherosclerosis
Authors: Bevra Hannahs Hahn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

An association between accelerated atherosclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), typified by the occurrence of a myocardial infarction in a 30-year-old woman who had had the disease for more than 10 years, was suggested in 1976.1 The two studies by Roman et al. (pages 2399–2406) and Asanuma et al. (pages 2407–2415) in this issue of the Journal confirm this association and provide important information regarding risk factors. The reported prevalence of myocardial infarcts in patients with SLE ranges from 4 percent to 45 percent, with studies of surrogate markers providing support for the higher figure. For example, in one study . . .
Abstract 1431: A novel tumor-suppressor role of MyoD, a muscle differentiation factor, in mouse models of medulloblastoma
Authors: Joyoti Dey, Stephen J. Tapscott, James M. Olson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Medulloblastoma, an embryonal tumor of the cerebellum, is the most common pediatric brain cancer. For decades, it has been known that a small subset of medulloblastomas present with myogenic differentiation. However, the mechanistic basis and significance of this biological anomaly remain to be determined. We have identified hitherto unknown expression of muscle differentiation factor, MyoD in cerebellar tumors from mouse models of medulloblastoma as well as in a subset of human medulloblastomas. At a cellular level, MyoD is expressed in mitotically active cells and intriguingly, in mouse tumors does not activate its canonical targets involved in the muscle differentiation program. To understand the functional consequence of this finding in medulloblastoma genesis, we have conducted genetic studies to assess tumor formation in the SmoA1 and SmoA2 medulloblastoma models, on a MyoD-deficient background. We demonstrate that MyoD acts as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor as the MyoD wt/-; SmoA1 and MyoD wt/-; SmoA2 mice have an accelerated onset of tumors compared to MyoD wt/wt; SmoA1 or MyoD wt/wt; SmoA2 mice respectively. Our findings suggest that the expression of MyoD might be an oncogene-induced compensatory response in the cerebellum to suppress tumor growth by restoring balance between proliferation and differentiation, similar to the role of some other bHLH transcription factors. Harnessing this latent tumor suppressor network to induce differentiation or cell cycle arrest holds promise for future therapeutic interventions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1431. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1431
INDIUM-111 LEUKOCYTE SCAN IN ULCERATIVE AND CROHN??S COLITIS
Authors: David T. Stein, Gary M. Gray, Malcolm Anderson, David A. Goodwin, I. Ross McDougall
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Stein, David T.; Gray, Gary M.; Anderson, Malcolm; Goodwin, David A.; McDougall, I. RossAuthor Information
Treatments to die for
Authors: Heather Goodare
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2011)

It turns out that there are a few anecdotes of deaths from acupuncture administered by poorly trained therapists in Asia, but none in Britain. So we have to be frightened that we might die from acupuncture?1 And is orthodox medicine blameless? The Department of Health itself estimates that there are ‘some 850,000 adverse events in the NHS every year … resulting in additional costs in excess of £2 billion annually’.2 The charity Action against Medical Accidents works with around 4000 people every year who have been affected by ‘patient safety incidents’ (the term used by the NHS). Dr Stuart Gray, whose father died as a result of a massive overdose of diamorphine administered by an out-of-hours GP from Germany, says ‘It is deeply disturbing to be informed that so many NHS bodies still completely disregard the National Patient Safety Agency safety alerts’.3 A public inquiry is currently investigating the deaths of hundreds of patients at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust.

Adverse events are not always immediately apparent. Radiotherapy to the breast is one example where many women have had progressive problems resulting in, for instance, bone necrosis and soft tissue fibrosis, leading in some cases to bone fractures, arm amputations, and second cancers.4 Indeed, according to Jan Stjernsward, ‘routine use of radiotherapy in early breast cancer … seemed to be associated with increased mortality, an iatrogenic failure’.5 However, complementary medicine, including acupuncture, can sometimes ameliorate such problems.

So can we all please work in a truly holistic manner, and allow patients to use the best of complementary therapy together with all that orthodox medicine has to offer? It seems to me that orthodox medicine is in greater need than complementary of the maxim ‘First do no harm’.
Family members' attitudes toward telling the patient with Alzheimer's disease their diagnosis
Authors: C. P Maguire, M. Kirby, R. Coen, D. Coakley, B. A Lawlor, D. O'Neill
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Advances in the accuracy of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease as well as progress in the genetics, aetiopathology, and therapeutics of the condition have stimulated a debate on whether patients should be informed of their diagnosis. We report the results of a survey of family members on their attitudes to the disclosure of the diagnosis.

A total of 100 consecutive family members accompanying patients with diagnosed Alzheimer's disease to a memory clinic were asked three questions by the assessing physicians (CPM, MK): should the patient with Alzheimer's disease be told their diagnosis; would they themselves want to be told their diagnosis should they develop Alzheimer's disease; and would they make use of a predictive test for Alzheimer's disease should it become available? They were also asked to state the reasons for their decisions.

Only 17 family …
Myocardial Protection by Na <sup>+</sup> -H <sup>+</sup> Exchange Inhibition in Ischemic, Reperfused Porcine Hearts
Authors: Hermann H. Klein, Sibylle Pich, Rainer M. Bohle, Jutta Wollenweber, Klaus Nebendahl
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Studies in isolated myocytes and isolated heart preparations have suggested that Na + -H + exchange is an important mechanism for myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. This study was undertaken to determine whether inhibition of Na + -H + exchange limits infarct size and improves regional systolic shortening in regional ischemia and reperfusion in intact pigs. Methods and Results The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded in 18 anesthetized and thoracotomized pigs for 45 minutes and then reperfused for 24 hours. As main end points of this study, regional systolic shortening (sonomicrometry) and infarct size (percentage of infarcted to ischemic myocardium) were determined at the end of the experiments. Infarcted myocardium was assessed by histochemistry (tetrazolium stain) and by quantitative histology of one heart slice. The Na + -H + exchange inhibitor Hoe 694 was administered intravenously at a dose of 3 mg/kg in 6 pigs each either 10 minutes before ischemia (group A) or 10 minutes before the onset of reperfusion (group B). Six pigs served as controls (group C). Treatment with Hoe 694 before ischemia decreased histochemical infarct size from 65±18% (control group) to 13±8% ( P &lt;.01) and histological infarct size from 49±20% (control group) to 14±4% ( P &lt;.01). Histochemical (55±19%) and histological (42±15%) infarct sizes of group B were insignificantly reduced by 15%. Myocardial protection in group A was associated with an attenuated contracture after 10 minutes of reperfusion and an improved regional systolic shortening after 24 hours of reperfusion (group A, 25±12%; control group, 6±5%; P =.01). These parameters remained unaffected in group B. Conclusions This study clearly demonstrates that Na + -H + exchange is an important mechanism for cell death in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in intact pigs; thus, inhibition of this exchange system may prove a promising new strategy in the clinical treatment of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.
1137-77 Long-term cost-effectiveness of clopidogrel in patients having percutaneous coronary intervention early after acute coronary syndrome: Results from PCI-CURE
Authors: William S Weintraub, Elizabeth M Mahoney, Shamir Mehta, Andre Lamy, Yong Yuan, Roland Chen, Joseph Jackson, Sylvie Gabriel, Olivier Bouin, Julie Spiesser, Salim Yusuf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Molecular Imaging of Proliferation in Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: Andreas K. Buck, Martin Bommer, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Malik Juweid, Gerhard Glatting, Holger Schirrmeister, Torsten Mattfeldt, Djurdja Tepsic, Donald Bunjes, Felix M. Mottaghy, Bernd J. Krause, Bernd Neumaier, Hartmut Döhner, Peter Möller, Sven N. Reske
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract We have determined the ability of positron emission tomography (PET) with the thymidine analogue 3′-deoxy-3′-[18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) to detect manifestation sites of malignant lymphoma, to assess proliferative activity, and to differentiate aggressive from indolent tumors. In this prospective study, FLT-PET was done additionally to routine staging procedures in 34 patients with malignant lymphoma. Sixty minutes after i.v. injection of ∼330 MBq FLT, emission and transmission scanning was done. Tracer uptake in lymphoma was evaluated semiquantitatively by calculation of standardized uptake values (SUV) and correlated to tumor grading and proliferation fraction as determined by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. FLT-PET detected a total of 490 lesions compared with 420 lesions revealed by routine staging. In 11 patients with indolent lymphoma, mean FLT-SUV in biopsied lesions was 2.3 (range, 1.2-4.5). In 21 patients with aggressive lymphoma, a significantly higher FLT uptake was observed (mean FLT-SUV, 5.9; range, 3.2-9.2; P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and a cutoff value of SUV = 3 accurately discriminated between indolent and aggressive lymphoma. Linear regression analysis indicated significant correlation of FLT uptake in biopsied lesions and proliferation fraction (r = 0.84; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). In this clinical study, FLT-PET was suitable for imaging malignant lymphoma and noninvasive assessment of tumor grading. Due to specific imaging of proliferation, FLT may be a superior PET tracer for detection of malignant lymphoma in organs with high physiologic fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and early detection of progression to a more aggressive histology or potential transformation. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(22): 11055-61)
Radial, carotid and aortic distensibility in congestive heart failure: effects of high-dose angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or low-dose association with angiotensin type 1 receptor blockade
Authors: Cristina Giannattasio, Felice Achilli, Monica Failla, Anna Capra, Antonella Vincenzi, Franco Valagussa, Giuseppe Mancia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Allied to Madness
Authors: Michael W. Wooley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 August 1991Allied to MadnessMichael W. Wooley, MDMichael W. Wooley, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-3-234_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Drs. Lo and Steinbrook have presented an excellent review of the Cruzan Case and its possible effect on medical practice in the United States (1). However, I believe that a very important point has been overlooked. The true tragedy of Nancy Cruzan did not begin with her automobile accident in January 1983. The true tragedy began when her attending physician at the State Hospital lacked the humanity and the compassion to follow the family's wishes and withdraw support. If he had done so, the true tragedy of this case would have been avoided.isions of clinical support...References1. LoSteinbrook BR. Beyond the Cruzan case: The U.S. Supreme Court and medical practice. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:895-901. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Hippocrates . The Art. Jones WH; ed. v 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; 1923:193, 203. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 7950 Floyd Curl Drive, Suite 508 San Antonio, TX 78229 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1991Volume 115, Issue 3Page: 234-234 Issue Published: 1 August 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
PAPILLARY EPITHELIOMA OF THE KIDNEY PELVIS
Authors: E. M. MILLER, R. H. HERBST
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Primary papillary epithelioma of the kidney pelvis may rightly be called a rare tumor. Watson and Cunningham,<sup>1</sup>in 1908, reported that Israel found only two cases of kidney pelvic tumors, as compared with sixtyeight in the kidney parenchyma, and that there was but one tumor (a papilloma) in ninety-four cases of renal and perirenal growths recorded at the Massachusetts General and the Boston City Hospital in ten years. Wilson,<sup>2</sup>in 1912, reported three papillomas, and according to Braasch,<sup>3</sup>only five have thus far been observed at the Mayo Clinic. McCown,<sup>4</sup>in a recent presentation of a case in which he reviewed the entire literature, found only ten cases reported by American authors and thirty-eight from foreign countries. In the discussion that followed his paper, Stevens, Hyman and Goldstein each mentioned personal experience with one, and Kretschmer with two cases of papillary tumor of the kidney pelvis.
MIND A PRODUCT OF BRAIN ENERGY.
Authors: CHARLES J. LEWIS
Journal: JAMA (1894)

"What distinguishes the practice of the medical profession, in treating the diseases and repairing the injuries of the<i>genus homo</i>, from that of the veterinarian? . . . . It is the<i>worth</i>of man, he being a rational being, the other being an animal destitute of reason. . . . . I would further define the mind as the superintending, the guiding power of corporeal manifestations; it directs all the movements of the body, over which it has complete control; it is to the body what the engineer is to the steam engine, the body being but a mere machine suited to develop the operations of the mind, and preserved and kept in order by the organic functions." The above question, with its answer in two parts, is from an article by Dr. John M. Farrington, in theJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATIONof March 31, 1894. Herein,
A Giant Step Forward — If....
Authors: Joseph H. Burchenal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

The two papers published in this issue of the Journal detailing the excellent preliminary results in the adjuvant therapy of osteogenic sarcoma not only represent a milestone in the treatment of this disease but also hold great promise for the future management of some other more common types of refractory tumors. For many years osteogenic sarcoma has been the "bête noire" of the chemotherapist, in that although the progress of the pulmonary metastases could be carefully followed by chest films, they rarely showed appreciable response to any chemotherapeutic agent. In refractoriness to chemotherapy, osteogenic sarcoma closely approximates the adult tumors . . .
REMARKS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF GLAUCOMA.
Authors: LEARTUS CONNOR
Journal: JAMA (1896)

but advised to remain in Colorado.Five days later took a severe cold from exposure, contracted pneumonia of the left lung and died the following week.Case 4.-Capt.B., aged 60, Iowa.Grandfather died of consumption.Patient suffered since the war with stomach and bowel trouble.Pneumonia two years ago, involving the left lung; marked pleuritic effusion.Physical examination showed left lung to be practically consolidated, with breaking down near the apex, forming a small cavity.Examination' of sputum showed tubercular bacilli in large numbers.Had three severe hemorrhages.Temperature on entering 100 to 101.5.Has had two quite severe hemorrhages while under treatment, but is now gaining in flesh and strength.. Temperature now normal both morning and evening.Especial attention has been given in this case to the digestive system as well as to the lungs.Case 5.-Aug.20, 1895; Miss C, Michigan, aged 26.His- tory, always delicate, troubled with enlargement of the glands of the neck for fourteen years ; have been removed twice ; was sent to Colorado by physician two years ago after having two hemorrhages.Made a very satisfactory gain for several months when she had what she termed "grippe."In my judgment, many of the so-called cases of "grippe" are simply an acute attack of tubercular invasion; that is, in these cases which later develop tuberculosis.Examination on entering our institution showed the left lung thickened, especially in the lower lobe, with only fine crepitant rales and little, if any, normal vesicular sounds.The upper lobe showed decided
A sequence variant in ZFHX3 on 16q22 associates with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke
Authors: Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Hilma Holm, Solveig Gretarsdottir, Gudmar Thorleifsson, G Bragi Walters, Gudmundur Thorgeirsson, Jeffrey Gulcher, Ellisiv B Mathiesen, Inger Njølstad, Audhild Nyrnes, Tom Wilsgaard, Erin M Hald, Kristian Hveem, Camilla Stoltenberg, Gayle Kucera, Tanya Stubblefield, Shannon Carter, Dan Roden, Maggie C Y Ng, Larry Baum, Wing Yee So, Ka Sing Wong, Juliana C N Chan, Christian Gieger, H-Erich Wichmann, Andreas Gschwendtner, Martin Dichgans, Gregor Kuhlenbäumer, Klaus Berger, E Bernd Ringelstein, Steve Bevan, Hugh S Markus, Konstantinos Kostulas, Jan Hillert, Sigurlaug Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Einar M Valdimarsson, Maja-Lisa Løchen, Ronald C W Ma, Dawood Darbar, Augustine Kong, David O Arnar, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Delay in Diagnosis of Mild Hemophilia A
Authors: Charles L. Beall
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THE overt signs and symptoms of classical severe hemophilia usually lead to detection in childhood, whereas milder forms of the disease may elude documentation until catastrophic postoperative bleeding occurs in late adolescence.<sup>1</sup>The delay in diagnosis is due, in part, to a lack of understanding of the natural history of mild hemophilia. Often, these patients will remain virtually free from spontaneous bleeding manifestations as well as hemorrhage following significant surgical or traumatic provocation. The diagnosis can almost always be established if the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is employed as one of the routine preoperative tests to screen for disorders of hemostasis. The following case report illustrates these points as well as some additional atypical features of mild hemophilia A. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 29-year-old white male computer technician was transferred to the Washington Hospital Center because of excessive bleeding for 24 hours following a ureterolithotomy. One year
Granuloma Inguinale: A Proctologic Consideration
Authors: Joseph Berkowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

GRANULOMA inguinale was first described as a clinical entity by Conyers and Daniels in 1896, although the etiologic factor was not discovered until 1905 by Donovan at the Madras General Hospital in India. This disease has been considered a venereal one owing to the fact that the lesion is found in most cases on the genitals or scrotum or in the inguinal region, and also because of its frequent association in the same patient with syphilis, chancroid or lymphogranuloma.The principal pathologic manifestation is found in the skin. The lesion begins as a small papule or macule, which enlarges, ulcerates . . .
Book Review Hereditary Hearing Loss and Its Syndromes (Oxford Monographs on Medical Genetics. No. 28.) Edited by Robert J. Gorlin, Helga V. Toriello, and M. Michael Cohen, Jr. 457 pp., illustrated. New York, Oxford University Press, 1995. $195. 0-19-506552-2
Authors: Frederick R. Bieber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
Sense and Symbol: A Textbook of Human Behavioral Science
Authors: Donald W. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Toss down a handful of beads, said William James, and you can perceive any pattern you wish simply by ignoring some of the beads. Descartes divided his beads into body and soul, joined in holy matrimony, as it were, by the pineal gland. The author of this textbook, a psychiatrist at Northwestern University, perceives a far more complex pattern. Man, he holds, is composed of three "systems" (biological, psychological, and sociocultural) featuring nine "functions" (thinking and affect are two), mated not by the passé pineal but by the versatile hypothalamus, the redoubtable limbic system, and the majestic neocortex. Nor is Descartes a match for Miller with respect to number of beads. The more than 1,000 references—some philosophical, many scientific — are drawn from every specialty dealing even remotely with man: anthropology, psychiatry, existentialism, ethology, and others. Its aim is to integrate these many disciplines and lay the foundation for a
Morphology of human palmaris longus tendon.
Authors: S P Nicholls, L J Gathercole, J S Shah
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

A systematic morphological investigation of human palmaris longus tendons by polarisation microscopy and low angle x-ray diffraction is reported. It is shown that contrary to some previously reported observations, and in common with other tension bearing soft collagenous tissues, the fibres in this tendon are crimped. A new method of preparation of the tissue enabling one to see directly the crimped organisation in scanning electron microscopy was used to reinforce the findings by other methods.