tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Contractile Dysfunction Is Associated With Impaired Mitochondrial Function and Dynamics in Type 2 Diabetic but Not in Obese Patients
Authors: David Montaigne, Xavier Marechal, Augustin Coisne, Nicolas Debry, Thomas Modine, Georges Fayad, Charlotte Potelle, Jean-Marc El Arid, Stéphanie Mouton, Yasmine Sebti, Hélène Duez, Sébastien Preau, Isabelle Remy-Jouet, Farid Zerimech, Mohamed Koussa, Vincent Richard, Remi Neviere, Jean-Louis Edme, Philippe Lefebvre, Bart Staels
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Obesity and diabetes mellitus are independently associated with the development of heart failure. In this study, we determined the respective effects of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus on the intrinsic contraction and mitochondrial function of the human myocardium before the onset of cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results— Right atrial myocardium was obtained from 141 consecutive patients presenting no sign of cardiomyopathy. We investigated ex vivo isometric contraction, mitochondrial respiration and calcium retention capacity, and respiratory chain complex activities and oxidative stress status. Diabetes mellitus was associated with a pronounced impairment of intrinsic contraction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased myocardial oxidative stress, regardless of weight status. In contrast, obesity was associated with less pronounced contractile dysfunction without any significant perturbation of mitochondrial function or oxidative stress status. Tested as continuous variables, glycated hemoglobin A 1C , but neither body mass index nor the insulin resistance index (homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance), was independently associated with cardiac mitochondrial function. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus was associated with cardiac mitochondrial network fragmentation and significantly decreased expression of the mitochondrial fusion related protein MFN1. Myocardial MFN1 content was inversely proportional to hemoglobin A 1C . Conclusion— Worsening of intrinsic myocardial contraction in the transition from obesity to diabetes mellitus is likely related to worsening of cardiac mitochondrial function because impaired mitochondrial function and dynamics and contractile dysfunction are observed in diabetic patients but not in “metabolically healthy” obese patients at early stage in insulin resistance.
668 Yo Jyo Hen Shi Ko (YHK) in the prevention of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis induced by different diets in ob/ob mice: Decrease of oxidative stress
Authors: V.M.R. Lima, C.P.M.S. Oliveira, L.Y. Sawadal, H.V. Barbeiro, E.S. Mello, E.G. Soriano, V.A.F. Alves, E.J. Carrilho
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Cost-Effectiveness of Fixed-Dose Combination of Isosorbide Dinitrate and Hydralazine Therapy for Blacks With Heart Failure
Authors: Derek C. Angus, Walter T. Linde-Zwirble, S. William Tam, Jalal K. Ghali, Michael L. Sabolinski, Victor G. Villagra, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, Manuel Worcel
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Fixed-dose combination of isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine (ISDN/HYD) improved clinical outcomes in the African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT). We assessed the resource use, costs of care, and cost-effectiveness of ISDN/HYD therapy in the A-HeFT trial population.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF LATE GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT AMONG PATIENTS REFERRED TO CARDIAC MRI TO EVALUATE FOR POSSIBLE CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS
Authors: Edward Hulten, Bobak Heydari, Marcio Bittencourt, Ravi Shah, Daniel O'Leary, Siddique Abbasi, Marcelo Di Carli, Michael Steigner, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Raymond Kwong, Ron Blankstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
CHANGE OF HLA PHENOTYPE IN POSTOPERATIVE ERYTHRODERMA
Authors: Kazuhiko Ito, Hisahiro Yoshida, Ken Yanagibashi, Yutaka Shimada, Masayuki Imamura, Takayoshi Tobe, Yuichi Akiyama, Hiroh Saji, Etsuko Maruya, Takemitsu Hosoi
Journal: The Lancet (1988)
Abstract 1108: B-cell lymphoma-derived exosomes are reservoirs of inhibitors of apoptosis
Authors: Heather R. Ferguson Bennit, Malyn M. Asuncion Valenzuela, Jessica S. Jutzy, Nathan R. Wall
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract B-cells, along with other normal and cancerous cells, secrete 50-150 nm vesicles called exosomes. Exosomes carry proteins, mRNA, and miRNA that can be functional upon cellular uptake and are often specific to cell of origin, offering potential as disease biomarkers. Our lab has identified within exosomes from solid tumor cells a cancer-specific protein, Survivin, which is a member of the Inhibitors of Apoptosis (IAP) family. Whether Survivin and other IAP family members such as XIAP, cIAP1 or cIAP2 are also expressed in exosomes from hematopoietic malignancies is yet to be determined. In this study, we aim to investigate the exosomes released from B-cell lymphoma cells and determine the IAP content under basal and sublethal stress conditions. Three human non EBV-transformed B-cell lymphoma lines developed at Wayne State University were used. WSU-FSCCL (follicular small cleaved cell), WSU-DLCL-2 (diffuse large cell), and WSU-WM (Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia) represent different levels of aggressiveness. Cells were cultured for 24 or 48 hours before exosome isolation from the conditioned media using either ultracentrifugation on a sucrose cushion or ExoQuick (System Biosciences). Sublethal levels of UV irradiation were determined for each cell line by analyzing DNA content by propidium iodide staining with a FACSCalibur. Protein quantity of exosomes was measured using a BCA assay, and protein content was studied using Western blotting. Corresponding gene expression was identified using RT-PCR. Here we report IAP protein and mRNA (except XIAP) within exosomes from basal cells. We are currently probing exosomes from stressed cells for comparison. We hypothesize that the IAP exosomal profile may change under stressed conditions. The specificity and variability in exosomal content offers capabilities not only as disease biomarkers, but also in the immunomodulating activity of exosomes which have shown roles in both stimulating and inhibiting the immune system, We have found evidence that exosomal Survivin plays an immune role in skewing Th1/Th2 populations and decreasing cytotoxic function. Changes in exosome content between basal and stressed cells may have roles in the immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment which facilitates the evasion of lymphoma cells to immune destruction, as well as possible prognostic benefit as to whether treatments are being effective or detrimental. Citation Format: Heather R. Ferguson Bennit, Malyn M. Asuncion Valenzuela, Jessica S. Jutzy, Nathan R. Wall. B-cell lymphoma-derived exosomes are reservoirs of inhibitors of apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1108. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1108
Pathologic Nodal Staging Score for Bladder Cancer: A Decision Tool for Adjuvant Therapy After Radical Cystectomy
Authors: Shahrokh F. Shariat, Michael Rink, Behfar Ehdaie, Evanguelos Xylinas, Marek Babjuk, Axel S. Merseburger, Robert S. Svatek, Eugene K. Cha, Scott T. Tagawa, Harun Fajkovic, Giacomo Novara, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Siamak Daneshmand, Yair Lotan, Wassim Kassouf, Hans-Martin Fritsche, Felix K. Chun, Guru Sonpavde, Abdennabi Joual, Douglas S. Scherr, Mithat Gonen
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Clinical Notes and Commentaries
Authors: M. H. Lynch
Journal: BMJ (1844)

Thomaa P-..n, aged forty-six, glass-blower, for a long time, however, an inmate of St. Nicholas' Work- house, Newcastle, came under my care on the 21st of June, 1838, for the relief of hemiplegia of three years' standing, having been recently submitted, but without benefit, to the most judicious treatment ordinarily pursued in such cases, by Sir J. Fife, who considered him a very favorable subject for the trial of galvanism.June 2X.The patient is a man of middle stature, and rather robust frame; his appetite is good; his digestion more natural than is usual in the disease; bowels frequently require purgatives; intellectual fa-
The cardioprotective effects of parathyroid hormone are independent of endogenous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor release
Authors: S. Brunner, T. Weinberger, B. C. Huber, A. Segeth, M.-M. Zaruba, H. D. Theiss, G. Assmann, N. Herbach, R. Wanke, J. Mueller-Hoecker, W.-M. Franz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration after myocardial infarction (MI) is known to attenuate ischaemic cardiomyopathy. This effect mainly resulted from an increase in mobilization and homing of CD34+/CD45+ cells into the ischaemic myocardium. PTH-related stem cell mobilization was shown to be related to endogenous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) release. The aim of our study is to determine the role of G-CSF on the cardioprotective effects of PTH.G-CSF +/+ (C57BL/6) and G-CSF -/- mice were treated with PTH for 6 days after inducing a MI. The myocardial homing factor stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) was analysed on day 2 with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Stem cell populations in peripheral blood and hearts were examined by FACS on days 6 and 2, respectively. Cardiac function and immunohistochemistry were investigated on day 6 and day 30. PTH treatment resulted in a significant increase in CD45+/CD34+ cells in peripheral blood in G-CSF +/+ but not in G-CSF -/- mice. However, a significant increase in SDF-1 and enhanced migration of CD45+/CD34+ cells into the ischaemic myocardium was revealed after PTH administration in both G-CSF +/+ and G-CSF -/- mice. Enhanced stem cell homing was associated with improved cardiac function and post-MI survival after PTH treatment. Furthermore, infarct size, wall thickness, and neovascularization showed a significant improvement in both groups 30 days after MI.The cardioprotective effects of PTH were shown to be independent of endogenous G-CSF release and therefore from stem cell mobilization. This puts more emphasis on the role of stem cell homing into ischaemic myocardium.
Gas Chromatographie Analyses of Intestinal Gas to Clarify the Question of Inert Gas Insufflation in Electrosurgical Endoscopy
Authors: P. Frühmorgen, G. Joachim
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

Of the gas swallowed or produced in the gastrointestinal tract, in particular hydrogen and methane – which are usually produced only in the colon – when present in a certain concentration can form an explosive mixture with oxygen. Occasional reports of explosions occurring during electrosurgical interventions in the colon, e.g. Endoscopic polypectomy, have been published. To investigate the situation, we measured the concentration of hydrogen and methane in the intestinal lumen after preparing the patient in three different ways: Group 1: No clearing of the intestine; stimulation of the production of gas (meals of beans). Group 2: No clearing out of the intestine; no gas stimulation. Group 3: Intestinal clearing (diet, magnesium sulphate, enemas). The determination of hydrogen and methane was effected with gas chromatography. The explosive range of the two gases investigated is, as our investigation showed, reached at a concentration of approximately 4% by volume. While in Group 3 the gas concentrations were lower than O.Ol%o, in Groups 1 and 2, figures above the "explosive threshold" were measured. The findings clearly indicate that after careful clearing of the intestine, and avoidance of dietary stimulation of gas production, no risk of explosion need be feared when electrosurgery is carried out in the colon. If no clearing of the intestine is carried out, or if the formation of gas is promoted (increase in the concentrations of hydrogen and methane), there is, however, a distinct danger of an explosive mixture being formed.
Filling-in as the phenomenal side of binding
Authors: Karl Frederick Arrington
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

The question is broadened from isomorphism to invertible transformation and optimal representation. Motivations are drawn from image compression but with an emphasis on object segmentation. Filling-in is considered as the phenomenal side of the binding process with back-surface filling-in being important. Finally, re-normalization of local filtering by globally integrated context is emphasized.
GP struck off after offering to "fix" kidney sale
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A GP was last week struck off after the General Medical Council's professional conduct committee found him guilty of offering to “fix” a kidney transplantation in return for a donor's fee and his own “administration costs.”

Dr Bhagat Singh Makkar, 62, of Lewisham, London, offered to find a living kidney donor for a journalist posing as the son of a seriously ill man. Dr Makkar was not aware that the conversation was being recorded.

The GMC also confirmed that another …
Abstract 1245: Characterization of human leukemic cell lines and changes of the characteristics according to passage number
Authors: Eun-Hye Hur, Sung-Doo Kim, Bon-Kwan Goo, Sung-Sook Lee, Kyoo-Hyung Lee, Jung-Hee Lee, Dae-Young Kim, Yunsuk Choi, Je-Hwan Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Human leukemic cell lines are valuable tools for the studies on the biology of hematologic cancers and new drug development. We investigated the baseline characteristics of human leukemic cell lines and changes of the properties according to passage number. Materials and methods: A total of 11 human leukemic cell lines were investigated in this study, including myeloid leukemia cell lines (HL60, NB4, Molm-13, MV4-11, KG-1, K562) and lymphoid leukemia cell lines (CCRFCEM, SR, U937, Molt4, Jurkat). Genetic mutations (N-Ras, K-Ras, B-Raf, FLT3-ITD, FLT3-TKD, MLL) and polymorphisms (MDR3435CT and GST genes [A, M, T]) were detected using appropriate methods such as PCR, RFLP or DNA sequencing. MDR activities were measured using Rhodamine 123 efflux assay. Establishment of xenograft model for each cell line was tried with subcutaneous injection of leukemic cells mixed with matrigel matrix into Balb/c nude mouse. Cell lines were maintained with two times of passage per week. Western blot assay was done for changes of expression of intracellular signaling pathway proteins such as ERK, p-ERK, AKT, p-AKT, and HR23B according to the passage number. Summary of results: N-Ras mutation was found in HL60 (Gln61Leu) and Molt4 (Gly13Val), K-Ras mutation in CCRFCEM (Gly12Asp) and NB4 (Ala18Asp), B-Raf mutation in none, FLT3-ITD and MLL rearrangements in Molm-13 and MV4-11, and FLT3-TKD in none. High MDR activity was noted in KG-1 (92.5%) and other cell lines showed less than 30% of MDR activities. Mouse xenograft model was established with 7 leukemic cell lines (HL60, NB4, MV4-11, Molm-13, K562, Molt4 and CCRFCEM). ERK phosphorylation was observed in most cell lines except CCRFCEM, but AKT phosphorylation was not found in any of the cell lines. As increasing the passage number, the levels of p-ERK in K562 and HL60 significantly decreased whereas those of p-AKT in Molm-13 were elevated. Conclusion: Our study results provide genetic and biologic data for human leukemic cell lines and show the importance of passage number of the leukemic cell lines in designing experiments. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1245. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1245
Approximation of "Total Vascular Space" and its Distribution in Three Sizes of Blood Vessels in Rats by Plastic Casts
Authors: WILLIAM H. KNISELY, M. S. MAHALEY, HARRIMAN H. JETT
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

To know where given amounts of blood might be, we need to know the potential vascular space and what the distribution among various sized vessels is. Methyl methacrylate was injected via the cannulated aorta into 4 rats, and vascular casts made. Polymerization caused 15 per cent shrinkage. The casts were separated into 3 compartments: 150 µ. and smaller, 150 to 600 µ., and 600 µ. and larger. Using the shrinkage, specific density, and weights of plastic, the "total vascular spaces" in cc./100 Gm. were found to be 8.9, 10.6, 11.1 and 11.1, respectively. The mean percentages for the 3 compartments were 10.4 in vessels 706 µ and larger, 6.7 in 188 to 706 µ., and 82.9 in vessels 188 µ. and smaller. Because the only observed distortions of the casts on the basis of comparisons with the in vivo vasculature of a number of organs were some noninjected capillaries and nonmaximally injected veins, the approximations of "total vascular space" are considered too low. The utility of methyl methacrylate casts for gravimetric determinations of volumes was demonstrated. The finding of over 80 per cent of the vascular space in vessels 188 µ. and smaller is relevant to the potential location of blood within the body.
Women with symptoms of ovarian cancer should have a CA125 test, says NICE
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2011)

GPs should test the blood of women who present with persistent symptoms of ovarian cancer, the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence has recommended.

In its first clinical guideline for England, Wales, and Northern Ireland dedicated to ovarian cancer, NICE is recommending that women be offered a blood test to detect the concentration of protein CA125 if they have experienced any of the following symptoms more than 12 times a month: persistent abdominal distension; early satiety or loss of appetite; pelvic or abdominal pain; and increased urinary urgency or frequency.

Women over the age of 50 who have experienced symptoms within the past 12 months that suggest irritable bowel syndrome should also be investigated for ovarian cancer, because the syndrome rarely presents for the first time in women of …
Huw Bevan Jones
Authors: A. B. Jones
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Huw Bevan Jones lived near Llandysul in Ceredigion. He was a leading figure in the Welsh psychiatric community and beyond, having worked both in the UK and abroad.

Huw was born in London to Welsh parents and educated in Abermad school, near Aberystwyth, and Epsom College. After completing his house physician post at the Royal United Hospital in Bath, he worked as a senior house officer in pathology at the Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester. His next position was on a rotating internship at the American Hospital of Paris.

For his national service (1960-62), he volunteered to be seconded to the Ghana army, carried out general medical duties with the UN Force in the Congo, and was in charge of a military hospital in Ghana. On …
Rubella vaccination and pregnancy: preliminary report of a national survey.
Authors: S Sheppard, R W Smithells, A Dickson, H Holzel
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Rubelia vaccination and pregnancy: preliminary report of a national survey Concern about the number ofpregnancies terminated because ofvaccination against rubella (257 in 1979-80) prompted the Department of Health and Social Security in 1981 to ask the National Congenital Rubella Surveillance Programme to study the possible teratogenicity of rubella vaccines.Evidence then available from the United States related mainly to Cendehill and HPV77-DE5 vaccines, whereas human diploid vaccine (RA 27/3), which is more immunogenic and reactogenic and therefore possibly more teratogenic, was being widely used in the United Kingdom.
Assessment of the Carcinogenic Potential of Chlorinated Water: Experimental Studies of Chlorine, Chloramine, and Trihalomethanes
Authors: J. K. Dunnick, R. L. Melnick
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Background : Water chlorination has been one of the major disease prevention treatments of this century. While epidemiologic studies suggest an association between cancer in humans and consumption of chlorination byproducts in drinking water, these studies have not been adequate to draw definite conclusions about the carcinogenic potential of the individual byproducts. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the carcinogenic potential of chlorinated or chloraminated drinking water and of four organic trihalomethane byproducts of chlorination (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane, and bromoform) in rats and mice. Methods : Bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane, bromoform, chlorine, or chloramine was administered to both sexes of F344/N rats and (C57BL/6 × C3H)F 1 mice (hereafter called B6C3F 1 mice). Chloroform was given to both sexes of Osborne-Mendel rats and B6C3F 1 mice. Chlorine or chloramine was administered daily in the drinking water for 2 years at doses ranging from 0.05 to 0.3 mmol/kg per day. The trihalomethanes were administered by gavage in corn oil at doses ranging from 0.15 to 4.0 mmol/kg per day for 2 years, with the exception of chloroform, which was given for 78 weeks. Results : The trihalomethanes were carcinogenic in the liver, kidney, and/or intestine of rodents. There was equivocal evidence for carcinogenicity in female rats that received chlorinated or chloraminated drinking water; this evidence was based on a marginal increase in the incidence of mononuclear cell leukemia. Rodents were generally exposed to lower doses of chlorine and chloramine than to the trihalomethanes, but the doses in these studies were the maximum that the animals would consume in the drinking water. The highest doses used in the chlorine and chloramine studies were equivalent to a daily gavage dose of bromodichloromethane that induced neoplasms of the large intestine in rats. In contrast to the results with the trihalomethanes, administration of chlorine or chloramine did not cause a clear carcinogenic response in rats or mice after Kong-term exposure. Conclusion : These results suggest that organic byproducts of chlorination are the chemicals of greatest concern in assessment of the carcinogenic potential of chlorinated drinking water. [J Natl Cancer Inst 85:817–822, 1993]
Platelet TLR4 activates neutrophil extracellular traps to ensnare bacteria in septic blood
Authors: Stephen R Clark, Adrienne C Ma, Samantha A Tavener, Braedon McDonald, Zahra Goodarzi, Margaret M Kelly, Kamala D Patel, Subhadeep Chakrabarti, Erin McAvoy, Gary D Sinclair, Elizabeth M Keys, Emma Allen-Vercoe, Rebekah DeVinney, Christopher J Doig, Francis H Y Green, Paul Kubes
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
Should the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage status be used as a guide to treatment for skin and soft tissue infections?
Authors: Alexandra Reber, Andreea Moldovan, Nathalie Dunkel, Stéphane Emonet, Peter Rohner, Phedon Tahintzi, Pierre Hoffmeyer, Stephan Harbarth, Ilker Uçkay
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Use of drones is a war crime and must be stopped, says charity
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The UK charity Medact has called for the government to stop purchasing, developing, and deploying armed unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly known as “drones.”

In its report Medact said that, in addition to the deaths and injuries of civilians caused by drones, evidence was increasing that living under the constant threat of drone attack can lead to psychological damage and that operators of the remote devices can also experience psychological stress.1

There is also evidence that the presence of drones had contributed to the disruption of public health programmes, such as polio vaccinations in parts of Pakistan.

The use of drones had risen exponentially over the past decade, said the report. For the first time in history …