tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive tuberculosis control for patients at high risk for noncompliance.
Authors: N Schluger, C Ciotoli, D Cohen, H Johnson, W N Rom
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The current tuberculosis epidemic in the United States is marked, in many areas, by high rates of noncompliance with antituberculous regimens. In response to this, a comprehensive program of medical, nursing, social services, and supervised therapy was developed at Bellevue Hospital. Most patients were referred to the on-site directly observed therapy program (DOT) located in the hospital. Patients on DOT received daily or twice weekly therapy, and were given incentives to enhance compliance. Outreach was used to track patients who missed appointments. From November 1992 through July 1993, 113 patients were referred. HIV infection, homelessness, illicit drug use, and alcoholism were common. Follow-up revealed that 11 patients were noncompliant and completely lost to follow-up; of the remaining 102, 99% achieved bacteriologic cure. Of the 102 patients who received therapy, 74 attended the Bellevue DOT clinic, 16 attended other DOT programs in the city or received medication at home, and three died of HIV-related, nontuberculous illness. Nine patients were self-medicated and judged treatment successes. We conclude that a comprehensive hospital-based tuberculosis control program is capable of achieving a high degree of success, even in a population at high risk for noncompliance.
Phthalates and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid in Human Amniotic Fluid: Temporal Trends and Timing of Amniocentesis in Pregnancy
Authors: Morten Søndergaard Jensen, Bent Nørgaard-Pedersen, Gunnar Toft, David M. Hougaard, Jens Peter Bonde, Arieh Cohen, Ane Marie Thulstrup, Richard Ivell, Ravinder Anand-Ivell, Christian H. Lindh, Bo A.G. Jönsson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Measures of prenatal environmental exposures are important, and amniotic fluid levels may directly reflect fetal exposures during hypothesized windows of vulnerability.
Reevaluation of Classification of “Early Gastric Cancer”
Authors: K. Murakami, F. Misaki, K. Shimamoto, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1974)

There are some discussions for the definition and classification of the early carcinoma of the stomach. However, experiencing more cases and facilitating discussions, we are promoting our diagnostic ability and improving the prognosis of the gastric cancer. The Japanese definition and classification of “The early carcinoma of stomach” is still fully acceptable four our mutual and international understandings of gastric carcinoma.
Scottish doctors call for a moratorium on PFI
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Doctors in Scotland have renewed their demands for a moratorium on schemes to build hospitals using the private finance initiative (PFI) after publication of a leaked letter indicating that financial restrictions have dictated the size of one of the country's flagship projects.

Concern has been expressed for several years that the new Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, currently being built under the PFI process, will have too few beds to cope with the demands placed on it. Early plans were for …
What Is Thwarting Tuberculosis Prevention in High-Burden Settings?
Authors: Edward Nardell, Gavin Churchyard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The promise of chemoprophylaxis for tuberculosis has yet to be fully realized. Until recently, testing for and treating latent tuberculosis infection have been limited largely to low-burden settings, where active tuberculosis has been under good control. In the United States and several other low-burden countries, treatment of latent tuberculosis infection has been an alternative prevention strategy to early childhood immunization with bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG). In high-burden settings, vaccination and the treatment of patients with positive smears have been the main public health strategies, with chemoprophylaxis recommended primarily for childhood contacts of patients with active tuberculosis, albeit it has been administered . . .
Mucosal polyamine metabolism in the columnar lined oesophagus.
Authors: M R Gray, H M Wallace, H Goulding, J Hoffman, W E Kenyon, A N Kingsnorth
Journal: Gut (1993)

Mucosal ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine content has been proposed as a possible marker for malignant potential in gastrointestinal mucosa. Polyamine content and histological findings were examined in 107 pairs of endoscopic biopsy specimens taken from gastric fundus, fundic and specialised Barrett9s oesophagus and Barrett9s adenocarcinoma. The content of putrescine (median nmol/mg protein, range) the primary product of ornithine decarboxylase showed a progressive increase from gastric fundus (0.41, 0.15-1.5); fundic (0.45, 0.01-4.08); specialised Barrett9s oesophagus (0.54, 0.01-2.0); dysplastic columnar lined oesophagus (0.56, 0.31-3.1) to adenocarcinoma (1.23, 0.29-8.98). Adenocarcinoma putrescine content was significantly greater than gastric fundus (p &lt; 0.018) and fundic (p &lt; 0.03). Mucosal spermine, spermidine, and total polyamine values were greater in gastric fundus than fundic, specialised Barrett9s oesophagus, and dysplastic columnar lined oesophagus (all p &lt; 0.001) suggesting failure to further metabolise putrescine to its higher polyamines in the metaplastic epithelium. Although metaplastic columnar lined oesophagus shows significant differences in polyamine metabolic activity from the stomach the important distinction between specialised and dysplastic columnar lined oesophagus cannot be made by measuring the polyamine content.
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Statins and the Risk of Cancer After Heart Transplantation”
Authors: Georg Marcus Fröhlich, Frank Enseleit, Mathias Wolfrum, Michelle von Babo, Michelle Frank, Reto Berli, Mathias Hermann, Johannes Holzmeister, Georg Noll, Thomas F. Lüscher, Frank Ruschitzka, Kaspar Rufibach, Markus Wilhelm, Volkmar Falk
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Prevalence of <i>Corynebacteria</i> in Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Alice N Bessman, Paul J Geiger, Hanna Canawati
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Microbiological flora of diabetic foot infections are usually polymicrobial and frequently include bacteria of the Corynebacterium sp. (diphtheroids). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of these bacteria in both deep and superficial cultures in diabetic patients with foot infections.The charts of 50 patients of successive admissions to the Orthopedic-Diabetes Service at our hospital were reviewed to obtain the following data: age, sex, ethnic origin, method of treatment of diabetes, blood glucose level, prior antibiotics, and reports of cultures taken from bedside and intraoperative sites. Data were analyzed to compare the prevalence of diphtheroids in reliable versus nonreliable cultures and the influence of other parameters on the presence of these organisms.Fourteen of 19 (74%) of the intraoperative specimens grew diphtheroids compared with 25 of 65 (39%) of the bedside cultures, a highly significant difference. In addition, there was a somewhat greater occurrence of diphtheroids in women compared with men. The likelihood that contamination is the cause for the presence of diphtheroids is highly unlikely, because one arm of the study included cultures derived from deep tissue at the time of the surgical procedure (i.e., the intraoperative cultures). Cultures always grew at least one other organism in addition to the diphtheroid.Corynebacteria, commonly known as diphtheroids, are present as a part of the polymicrobial flora in a large percentage of diabetic patients with foot infections. Because the diphtheroids were identified in culture material taken in the operating room or at the time of incision and drainage in a higher percentage of patients than in specimens from superficial cultures, it is highly unlikely that they are contaminants.
Photosensitivity during treatment with azapropazone.
Authors: S Olsson, C Biriell, G Boman
Journal: BMJ (1985)

mediators-for example, histamine.3Paracetamol, however, has no appreciable anti-inflammatory effect when used in therapeutic doses and has been used safely in patients who react with broncho- spasm to anti-inflammatory analgesics.4Moreover, in two of the cases reported to the Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs (cases 2 and 3) the use of drugs with a strong antiinflammatory action did not cause this kind of reaction.Hence the reactions to paracetamol are presumably mediated immunologically.In view of the worldwide use of paracetamol and the paucity of reports of hypersensitivity reactions the incidence of these reactions to paracetamol is presumably low.Nevertheless, since anaphylactic reactions are serious and may be fatal medical practitioners should be aware of their possible occurrence after the ingestion of tablets containing paracetamol.
Increased prevalence of polycythemia vera in parents of patients on polycythemia vera study group protocols
Authors: Leonard H. Brubaker, Louis R. Wasserman, Judith D. Goldberg, Anthony V. Pisciotta, O. Ross McIntyre, Manuel E. Kaplan, Baruch Modan, John Flannery, Rollie Harp
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1984)

Abstract An investigation of relatives of 652 patients entered on studies of the Polycythemia Vera Study Group yielded five documented cases of the disease among the parents of patients. When compared with expected values based on the Connecticut Tumor Registry and other population studies a significant increase was found in the lifetime incidence of polycythemia vera in parents of these patients.
Effects of cardiac glycosides on sodium pump expression and function in LLC-PK1 and MDCK cells
Authors: Jiang Liu, Sankaridrug M. Periyasamy, William Gunning, Olga V. Fedorova, Alexei Y. Bagrov, Deepak Malhotra, Zijian Xie, Joseph I. Shapiro
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Laboratory diagnosis of anemia and related diseases using multivariate analysis
Authors: Shuichi Shiga, Toshihito Furukawa, Itsuko Koyanagi, Morihisa Yamagishi, Yataro Yoshida, Takayuki Takahashi, Reiji Kannagi, Toru Mori
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

To establish a simple computer program for the laboratory diagnosis of anemia and related diseases, multivariate analyses were applied to the results of routine hematological laboratory tests obtained from 48 patients and 51 healthy volunteers. The patients studied were limited to those who had not been treated hematologically by the time of their first visit to our hospital, and their first data obtained in our laboratory were analyzed. Final diagnoses were aplastic anemia (AA) in 21, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in 14, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in 3, polycytemia vera (PV)in 3, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in 7. Eight parameters, WBC, RBC, Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and PLT, were transformed to normal distribution and then applied to principal component analysis to evaluate their independence. Very close relationships were observed between Ht and Hb, and between MCV and MCH. One each of these pairs was selected by discriminant analysis and two sets, RBC, MCH, Hb, PLT, and WBC, and RBC, MCV, Ht, PLT, and WBC, were obtained. Two canonical components gave good discrimination of these five diseases and also of normal subjects. When disease prediction was made using this analysis, 37 of 48 patients (77.1%) were predicted correctly, and furthermore, when two disease predictions were allowed, all patients were diagnosed properly. Some overlaps were observed in this two-dimensional coordinate system, especially of AA and MDS, and also with normal subjects. To improve the system further, the additional parameters of age and sex were added to construct a three-dimensional analysis which resulted in much clearer discrimination. The whole procedure described is being developed with subjects who are not taking medication. Subsequently, the general application of this analytical procedure should be limited to only those not on medications. In conclusion, this is in essence a demonstration project; however, this trial of laboratory diagnosis using routine hematological laboratory results appears to be promising. Further extension of the study by increasing numbers of patients and disorders studied, including secondary anemias, will allow the design of diagnostic software for use with personal computers at the sites of primary care. Am. J. Hematol. 54:108–117, 1997 © 1997 Wiley-Liss Inc.
Insulin-like growth factor I and its binding proteins in the cardiovascular system
Authors: P. Delafontaine
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Insulin-like growth factor I and its binding proteins in the cardiovascular system Get access Patrick Delafontaine Patrick Delafontaine Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 6, December 1995, Pages 825–834, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)00163-8 Published: 01 December 1995 Article history Received: 19 June 1995 Accepted: 14 August 1995 Published: 01 December 1995
Conquerors of Yellow Fever
Authors: John Silverio
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with interest the description of the painting that appeared on your May 3, 1985, cover entitled "Conquerors of Yellow Fever."<sup>1</sup> As is well known, and as is said by Ben Smith, the transmission of yellow fever by the<i>Aedes aegypti</i>mosquito was proposed by the Cuban physician Carlos Finlay (a graduate of Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia) several years before the commission headed by Walter Reed proved him right. My interest in this historical process stems from the fact that, when the Yellow Fever Commission was undertaking its experiments to prove Dr Finlay correct, they were unfamiliar with the disease and unable to diagnose the illness correctly. Because of this, Dr Reed and his group commissioned two Cuban physicians to serve as "diagnosticians" of the disease. These two doctors were Dr Eduardo Angles and my grandfather, Dr Nicasio Silverio.
Evidence is needed that ss blockade alone reduces mortality in hypertension
Authors: L H Opie
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—I am concerned by the oft repeated but incorrect statement that “reduction in mortality has been shown only with established s blockers and diuretics,” which is one of the key messages of Philipp et al's paper on the HANE study.1 I have no quarrel with the diuretic part of the statement, which is well supported by good trials. However, …
Unexpected effects of treating hypertension in men with electrocardiographic abnormalities: a critical analysis.
Authors: L H Kuller, S B Hulley, J D Cohen, J Neaton
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The relationship between diuretic therapy and possible increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), especially sudden death, is controversial. The initial report from the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) raised the possibility that the increased CHD mortality observed in a subset of special intervention men with hypertension and certain electrocardiographic abnormalities on their baseline examination might be an unexpected adverse effect of diuretic therapy. Subsequent reports from the MRFIT have revealed a stronger association of CHD mortality to hydrochlorothiazide than to chlorthalidone. There was no consistent relationship of CHD mortality to the dose of either drug, to the most recent serum potassium level, or to the presence of ventricular premature beats. Unfavorable trends of the same magnitude were also seen among similar white men in the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program and in the Oslo hypertension trial, although the sample sizes in these two studies were too small to yield clearcut conclusions. Clinical studies have shown an increased risk of CHD death among hypertensive men with left ventricular hypertrophy. Such men are also noted to have a higher frequency of ventricular premature beats, even in the absence of diuretic therapy. Other studies have shown that diuretic-induced hypokalemia is accentuated in the presence of epinephrine and that low potassium levels decrease the threshold for ventricular fibrillation. Thus, although the evidence is still incomplete, it is possible that the excess CHD mortality among MRFIT special intervention men with electrocardiographic abnormalities may have been caused by a combination of increased left ventricular mass in the presence of coronary atherosclerosis, and hypokalemia caused by good compliance with diuretic therapy and accentuated by stress-induced increases in circulating catecholamines. Given the very large population of patients receiving diuretic therapy, further evaluation of this possibility is important.
1001-29 Prevention of Subacute Stent Thrombosis by Polymer-Polyethylene Oxide-Heparin Coating in the Rabbit Carotid Artery
Authors: Sushil Sheth, Vishva Dev, Harvey Jacobs, James S. Forrester, Frank Litvack, Neal L. Eigler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Chronic inhalation and biopersistence of refractory ceramic fiber in rats and hamsters.
Authors: R W Mast, T W Hesterberg, L R Glass, E E McConnell, R Anderson, D M Bernstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Lifetime "nose-only" inhalation studies were conducted in rats using four types of refractory ceramic fibers (FCF), 1 micron in diameter x 22 to 26 microns length: High Purity, Kaolin, Zirconia, and After-Service; and on hamsters using Kaolin RCF. For comparison, animals also were exposed to chrysotile fibers. Rats were exposed 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 24 months to concentrations ranging between 3 and 30 mg/m3. Time- and dose-dependent lesions in the rat included the development of interstitial fibrosis, pleural fibrosis, pulmonary tumors, and mesothelioma. Exposure to 3, 9 or 16 mg/m3 produced no excess lung tumors; no fibrosis was seen at 3 mg/m3. A significant increase in lung tumors and interstitial fibrosis was observed at 30 mg/m3. A single mesothelioma was observed in rats exposed to 9 mg/m3, while two occurred at 30 mg/m3. Hamsters were similarly exposed to 30 mg/m3 Kaolin RCF for 18 months; no lung tumors were induced, but pulmonary and pleural fibrosis were observed and there was a 42% incidence of mesothelioma. Multiple interim sacrifices together with recovery animals allowed detailed assessment of the lung burden of RCF, which was found to be dose related and, at the high doses, exceeded 10(5) fibers/mg of dry lung. During the various recovery periods there was a clear reduction in fiber burden. Mathematical modeling of these data for deposition, clearance, and retention and for species is currently underway.
White Shadows in a Dark Land
Authors: Rina M. Allawh, Scott A. Norton
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Quantitative Lacrimal Scintigraphy in the Assessment of Epiphora
Authors: James Jabbour, Hans Van Der Wall, Lysandra Katelaris, Julian Leslie, Douglas Mackey, Raf Ghabrial
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

The transit of Tc-99m pertechnetate through 122 lacrimal drainage systems was quantified. Systems were categorized as having presac, preduct, intraduct, or no delay. Scintigraphy indicated an obstruction in 81.3% of eyes with epiphora. Of the 18 eyes in whom only scintigraphy revealed an obstruction, all 3 who underwent surgery experienced symptom relief. In patients presenting with unilateral epiphora the mean canthus half-time (12.9 vs. 7.2 minutes), time-to-peak activity at the sac (11.6 vs. 3.1 minute), and sac half-time (19.0 vs. 10.3 minutes) were significantly prolonged in the symptomatic eye. Similarly, the sac-to-canthus (0.32 vs. 0.72), duct-to-canthus (0.32 vs. 0.99), and duct-to-sac ratios (0.48 vs. 0.79) of peak activity were all significantly reduced in the symptomatic eye. When compared with "no delay," "presac," "preduct," and "intraduct" delay were significantly associated with attenuated clearance times or reduced ratios of peak activity corresponding to the level of obstruction. We conclude that there is a significant association between symptomatic epiphora and quantitative variables at the canthus and sac in lacrimal scintigraphy. Quantitative variables help locate the level of an obstruction.
Anatomy lessons for the bird brained
Authors: Arunachalam Kumar
Journal: BMJ (2005)

benefit is one of the recommendations of the joint committee on the draft mental health bill.What Paul Boateng said was:But if there is a responsibility on statutory authorities to ensure the delivery of quality services to patients through the application of agreed individual care plans, so there is also, increasingly, a responsibility on individual patients to comply with their programmes of care.Non compliance can no longer be an option when appropriate care in appropriate settings is in place.I have made it clear to the field that this is not negotiable.
The Physician and the Driving License
Authors: Robert J. Needles
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The committee report on the role of the physician in driver licensing (<b>206</b>:2305, 1968) does recognize the variety of factors involved in motor vehicle accidents. It has seemed to me quite unfair to expect the physician to furnish a written endorsement as to the ability of an individual to drive a car. There are too many variants in this question including the traffic flow, the behavior of other drivers, and innumerable points having nothing to do with the health or physical status of the individual. It has been my practice to answer the questions given on the forms furnished in such cases. Then, at the bottom of the form, I rubber stamp this disclaimer: The medical data given here are intended neither to endorse nor to challenge this individual's ability to operate a motor vehicle. R. J. Needles, MD My point is clear: I will answer
Hyperglycemia after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: K. K. Datey, N. C. Nanda
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

HYPEBGLYCEMIA is often associated with acute myocardial infarction. However, its significance and possible relation to diabetes mellitus remain obscure. The present study was under-taken to elucidate this problem.Material and MethodsA group of 145 out of 167 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the Department of Cardiology at the K.E.M. Hospital were studied. All except 8 were males. Their ages ranged from twenty-five to eighty years, the average age being fifty years. Eight were suffering from hypertension.The blood sugar, fasting and an hour and a half after 100 gm. of glucose was given, was estimated in . . .