tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thrombin Regulates Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Transcription in Vascular Smooth Muscle
Authors: Jie Du, Marijke Brink, Tao Peng, Bianca Mottironi, Patrick Delafontaine
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Abstract —We have previously demonstrated that thrombin upregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is essential for thrombin-induced mitogenic signaling. To characterize the mechanisms involved, we studied transcription of the IGF-1R gene in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Thrombin markedly increased IGF-1R mRNA levels, peaking at 3 hours (112±7% above control). This effect was mimicked by the hexapeptide SFFLRN (that functions as a tethered ligand) and was blocked by the thrombin inhibitor hirudin. Nuclear run-on assays indicated that thrombin stimulated IGF-1R gene transcription by 2.1-fold, and this was confirmed with the use of actinomycin D. Thrombin-mediated upregulation of IGF-1R mRNA and protein levels was protein kinase C independent but was completely inhibited by the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein and by the antioxidants N -acetyl- l -cysteine and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species. The thrombin-induced increase in IGF-1R mRNA was inhibitable by diphenyleneiodonium chloride but not by other inhibitors of cellular oxidase systems, suggesting that NAD(P)H oxidase was necessary for the increase. Furthermore, inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor kinase, Janus kinase-2 kinase, and Src kinase did not block the effect. Thus, thrombin transcriptionally regulates the IGF-1R gene via a redox-sensitive protein tyrosine kinase–dependent pathway that does not require protein kinase C activation. In view of our prior data indicating that IGF-1R density is a critical determinant of vascular smooth muscle cell growth, our findings have particular relevance to understanding mechanisms whereby growth factors such as thrombin regulate vascular proliferation in vivo.
Antiinflammatory Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide in Neutrophil Activation and Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Jaroslaw W. Zmijewski, Emmanuel Lorne, Xia Zhao, Yuko Tsuruta, Yonggang Sha, Gang Liu, Edward Abraham
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generally considered to be proinflammatory and to contribute to cellular and organ dysfunction when present in excessive amounts, there is evidence that specific ROS, particularly hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), may have antiinflammatory properties.To address the role that increases in intracellular H(2)O(2) may play in acute inflammatory processes, we examined the effects of catalase inhibition or the absence of catalase on LPS-induced inflammatory responses.Neutrophils from control or acatalasemic mice, or control neutrophils incubated with the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole, were treated with LPS, and levels of reactive oxygen species, proteasomal activity, NF-kappaB activation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression were measured. Acute lung injury (ALI) was produced by intratracheal injection of LPS into control, acatalasemic-, or aminotriazole-treated mice.Intracellular levels of H(2)O(2) were increased in acatalasemic neutrophils and in neutrophils exposed to aminotriazole. Compared with LPS-stimulated neutrophils from control mice, neutrophils from acatalasemic mice or neutrophils treated with aminotriazole demonstrated reduced 20S and 26S proteasomal activity, IkappaB-alpha degradation, NF-kappaB nuclear accumulation, and production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-2. The severity of LPS-induced ALI was less in acatalasemic mice and in mice treated with aminotriazole as compared with that found in control mice.These results indicate that H(2)O(2) has antiinflammatory effects on neutrophil activation and inflammatory processes, such as ALI, in which activated neutrophils play a major role.
General practitioner paediatrician.
Authors: G Starte
Journal: BMJ (1978)

SIR,-The usable response rate of 75 °in this survey compares favourably with results from other surveys using the Medical Register or Medical Directory as a sampling frame.As stated in my report (21 January, p 191), doctors qualified in the UK were more likely to respond than those elsewhere, as were doctors who qualified before 1960.As with any published results, it is up to the reader to form his or her own opinion whether valid conclusions can be drawn in the light of stated sampling bias and statistically significant findings.For reasons of space, a detailed analysis of reasons for non-response was not included in the survey report, but is given here: Questionnaires returned marked "gone away" 171 Questionnaires returned blank (refusal) .. 28Questionnaires not returned . .611Ten per cent of those in the third group were telephoned, and reasons for non-response were:Moved from registered address .40,
Prostate Cancer Gene 3 (PCA3): Development and Internal Validation of a Novel Biopsy Nomogram
Authors: Felix K. Chun, Alexandre de la Taille, Hendrik van Poppel, Michael Marberger, Arnulf Stenzl, Peter F.A. Mulders, Hartwig Huland, Clement-Claude Abbou, Alexander B. Stillebroer, Martijn P.M.Q. van Gils, Jack A. Schalken, Yves Fradet, Leonard S. Marks, William Ellis, Alan W. Partin, Alexander Haese
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Regulation of Dendritogenesis via a Lipid-Raft-Associated Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase CLICK-III/CaMKIγ
Authors: Sayaka Takemoto-Kimura, Natsumi Ageta-Ishihara, Mio Nonaka, Aki Adachi-Morishima, Tatsuo Mano, Michiko Okamura, Hajime Fujii, Toshimitsu Fuse, Mikio Hoshino, Shingo Suzuki, Masami Kojima, Masayoshi Mishina, Hiroyuki Okuno, Haruhiko Bito
Journal: Neuron (2007)
Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Core Protein in Plasma by Enzyme Immunoassay
Authors: ALEC E. WITTEK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

A sensitive enzyme immunoassay was developed for detecting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) core antigen. Assay sensitivity was 3.67 pmol/L of purified HIV core protein, and 1 or 100 in-vitro infectious units/mL of HIV in purified virus preparations or cell culture supernatants, respectively. Enzyme immunoassay sensitivity exceeded that of reverse transcriptase assay by 1000-fold. Core antigen was detected in whole plasma from 41% of symptomatic subjects and 13% of asymptomatic subjects seropositive for HIV. After plasma fractionation, antigenemia was found in 60% of symptomatic subjects and in 33% of asymptomatic subjects seropositive for HIV. Fifty-seven percent of samples from which HIV could be isolated in lymphocyte culture had detectable quantities of core antigen in plasma. However, at least 87% of samples with measurable antigen in plasma had HIV isolated from lymphocyte cultures. Antigenemia was associated with reduced T-cell number and symptomatic disease, and may be a useful marker for disease progression.
RANDOM THOUGHTS ON OUR SPECIALTY.Read in the Section on Dental and Oral Surgery, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: A. E. BALDWIN
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Under this heading the writer feels free to wield a free lance, and he also feels that there are many things that may be properly grouped under such a title, thus giving a writer an opportunity to suggest varied lines of thought with possibly not a very logical grouping of them. In taking a retrospective view of our professional work and advancement during the last score of years, one can not help a strong feeling of disappointment, in spite of the very extravagant claims of the average dentist. In such a retrospective glance we must keep in mind that the effort of all truly scientific minds is toward that which is strictly scientific—and all will concede that the nearer we approach that exact position, the more incumbent it becomes us to make our so-called scientific work, truly so, by making it clearly demonstratable. To place our specialty in such a
The rise of the phoenix: the expanding role of the eosinophil in health and disease
Authors: D. J. Adamko, S. O. Odemuyiwa, D. Vethanayagam, R. Moqbel
Journal: Allergy (2004)

We have entered a new phase in the evolution of our understanding of the role of the eosinophil with a greater appreciation of novel potential functions that may be ascribed to this enigmatic cell type. This review not only provides an update to our current understanding of the various immunobiological roles for the eosinophil, but also attracts attention to some novel observations predicting functions beyond its putative effector role. These observations include the intriguing possibility that the eosinophil may posses the capacity to regulate the immune and inflammatory responses in diseases such as asthma.
Effect of Inorganic Nitrate on Exercise Capacity in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Payman Zamani, Deepa Rawat, Prithvi Shiva-Kumar, Salvatore Geraci, Rushik Bhuva, Prasad Konda, Paschalis-Thomas Doulias, Harry Ischiropoulos, Raymond R. Townsend, Kenneth B. Margulies, Thomas P. Cappola, David C. Poole, Julio A. Chirinos
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Inorganic nitrate (NO 3 − ), abundant in certain vegetables, is converted to nitrite by bacteria in the oral cavity. Nitrite can be converted to nitric oxide in the setting of hypoxia. We tested the hypothesis that NO 3 − supplementation improves exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction via specific adaptations to exercise. Methods and Results— Seventeen subjects participated in this randomized, double-blind, crossover study comparing a single dose of NO 3 -rich beetroot juice (NO 3 − , 12.9 mmol) with an identical nitrate-depleted placebo. Subjects performed supine-cycle maximal-effort cardiopulmonary exercise tests, with measurements of cardiac output and skeletal muscle oxygenation. We also assessed skeletal muscle oxidative function. Study end points included exercise efficiency (total work/total oxygen consumed), peak o 2 , total work performed, vasodilatory reserve, forearm mitochondrial oxidative function, and augmentation index (a marker of arterial wave reflections, measured via radial arterial tonometry). Supplementation increased plasma nitric oxide metabolites (median, 326 versus 10 μmol/L; P =0.0003), peak o 2 (12.6±3.7 versus 11.6±3.1 mL O 2 ·min −1 ·kg −1 ; P =0.005), and total work performed (55.6±35.3 versus 49.2±28.9 kJ; P =0.04). However, efficiency was unchanged. NO 3 − led to greater reductions in systemic vascular resistance (−42.4±16.6% versus −31.8±20.3%; P =0.03) and increases in cardiac output (121.2±59.9% versus 88.7±53.3%; P =0.006) with exercise. NO 3 − reduced aortic augmentation index (132.2±16.7% versus 141.4±21.9%; P =0.03) and tended to improve mitochondrial oxidative function. Conclusions— NO 3 − increased exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by targeting peripheral abnormalities. Efficiency did not change as a result of parallel increases in total work and o 2. NO 3 − increased exercise vasodilatory and cardiac output reserves. NO 3 − also reduced arterial wave reflections, which are linked to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and remodeling. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01919177.
Artificial means for restoring vision
Authors: Parwez Hossain, Ian W Seetho, Andrew C Browning, Winfried M Amoaku
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Degeneration of the retina occurs in age related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, resulting in loss of vision. Age related macular degeneration is a major cause of visual impairment among people over 65 in Western countries1; in the United Kingdom its incidence has increased by 30-40% over the past 40 years.2 Retinitis pigmentosa generally occurs in a younger age group (incidence 1 per 4000 live births) and affects 1.5 million people worldwide.3

In both conditions patients are visually impaired due to loss of photoreceptors. At present few treatments can remedy this and lead to recovery of vision.4 5 Photodynamic laser therapy has been beneficial in some patients with age related macular degeneration, but this therapy does not address photoreceptor loss. Different gene and drug therapies have been tried,4 5 but their ability to replace lost photosensitive tissue is limited. Researchers are therefore investigating the possibility of using prostheses to restore vision.

Advances in microtechnology have facilitated the development of a variety of prostheses that can be connected to the brain or implanted in the eye. Some of these approaches have improved the eyesight of patients with visual impairment. This article gives an overview of the methods that are being assessed to restore vision in patients with severe sight loss.

We carried out a comprehensive search through Medline and PubMed using the terms “age related maculopathy”, “visual prosthesis”, “retinitis pigmentosa”, “retina”, and “eye”. We also searched for the latest developments in artificial vision through the website of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.

Efforts to develop visual prostheses are not new. Attempts at artificial vision began in the 18th century with direct electrical stimulation of blind eyes.6 In the 1920s, the German neurosurgeon Otfrid Foerster developed this approach further by investigating direct …
Our Ongoing Digital Evolution
Authors: Rita F. Redberg, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Ranitidine and the Liver
Authors: MARCOS A. SOUZA LIMA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1985Ranitidine and the LiverMARCOS A. SOUZA LIMA, M.D.MARCOS A. SOUZA LIMA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-2-273 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the report by Bredfeldt and von Huene on another possible case of ranitidine hepatitis (1) two cited studies are misinterpreted. First, my previous report of ranitidine hepatitis describes a definite case based on positive dechallenge, liver biopsy findings, and rechallenge (2, 3), not a possible case as they state. Most cases so far reported have lacked a drug rechallenge. Understandably, a rechallenge may, at times, raise ethical questions, but it is essential in verifying the relation between drug and adverse event. Furthermore, a rechallenge may provide insight into the pathogenesis. For certain drug reactions, laboratory techniques...References1. BREDFELDTVON HUENE JC. Ranitidine, acetaminophen, and hepatotoxicity. [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:719. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SOUZA LIMA M. Hepatitis associated with ranitidine. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:208-10. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Guidelines for Use of FDA 1639: Drug Experience Report. Rockville, Maryland: Food and Drug Administration; 1982. Google Scholar4. SPEEGCHRISTIANMITCHELL KDM. Ranitidine and acetaminophen hepatotoxicity [Letter]. Ann In tern Med. 1984;100:315-6. AbstractGoogle Scholar5. PROCTOR J. Hepatitis associated with ranitidine [Letter]. JAMA. 1984;251:1554. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Leesburg Regional Medical Center Leesburg, FL 32748 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPossible Cholestatic Injury From Ranitidine With a Review of the LiteratureThe safety of ranitidine in over a decade of useZaltidine: An Effective but Hepatotoxic H 2 -Receptor Antagonist 1 February 1985Volume 102, Issue 2Page: 273-274KeywordsAdverse eventsAdverse reactionsBiopsyDrugsHepatitisHepatitis ALiverPathogenesisResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prospective Study of Color Duplex Ultrasonography Compared with Contrast Venography in Patients Suspected of Having Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Upper Extremities
Authors: Henk-Jan Baarslag, Edwin J.R. van Beek, Maria M.W. Koopman, Jim A. Reekers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Background: The optimal strategy for diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is less well established for the upper extremities than for the lower extremities. Duplex color ultrasonography can be difficult to perform in the upper extremities because of their anatomy, and contrast venography is often indicated. Moreover, limited data exist on the use of duplex color ultrasonography in this setting. Objective: To determine the accuracy of duplex ultrasonography for diagnosis of DVT of the upper extremities. Design: Prospective study of duplex ultrasonography compared with venography. Setting: A teaching hospital in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Patients: 126 consecutive inpatients and outpatients with suspected DVT of the upper extremities. Measurements: Contrast venography was obtained after duplex ultrasonography and was judged independently. A three-step protocol, involving compression ultrasonography, color ultrasonography, and color Doppler ultrasonography, was used. Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios for ultrasonography as a whole were calculated. The independent value of each step was assessed. Results: Venography and ultrasonography were not feasible in 23 of 126 patients (18%) and 1 of 126 patients (0.8%), respectively. Results of ultrasonography were inconclusive in 3 patients. Venography demonstrated thrombosis in 44 of 99 patients (44%); in 36 patients (36%), thrombosis was related to intravenous catheters or malignant disease. Sensitivity and specificity of duplex ultrasonography were 82% (95% CI, 70% to 93%) and 82% (CI, 72% to 92%), respectively. Venous incompressibility correlated well with thrombosis, whereas only 50% of isolated flow abnormalities proved to be thrombosis-related. Conclusions: Duplex ultrasonography may be the method of choice for initial diagnosis of patients with suspected thrombosis of the upper extremities. However, in patients with isolated flow abnormalities, contrast venography should be performed.
598 Hepatitis C viral load is increased and related to genotype 1 in HVC+/HIV+ co-infection compared with HCV+ non-coinfected patients
Authors: F BESSONE, J DARUICH, S LUPO, M AGOSTINI, E MANERO, J SORDA, J PALAZZI, M NAKATSUNO, G REBOREDO, M REGGIARDO
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Amrinone: a new non-glycosidic, non-adrenergic cardiotonic agent effective in the treatment of intractable myocardial failure in man.
Authors: T H LeJemtel, E Keung, E H Sonnenblick, H S Ribner, M Matsumoto, R Davis, W Schwartz, A A Alousi, D Davolos
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Chronic congestive heart failure not controlled by conventional therapy was treated with intravenous amrinone, a new non-glycosidic, non-catecholamine cardiotonic agent. Eight patients with New York Heart Association functional class III-IV symptoms were hemodynamically monitored. At peak effect, cardiac index (CI) increased from 1.84 +/- 0.32 to 2.74 +/- 0.44 l/min/m2 (mean +/- SD) (p less than 0.001) and left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) decreased from 25.8 +/- 6.2 to 19.5 +/- 6.8 mm Hg (p less than 0.05), while heart rate and mean aortic blood pressure did not change significantly. Mean endocardial circumferential fiber shortening (mean Vcf), determined by echocardiography, increased from 0.61 +/- 0.27 to 0.89 +/- 0.34 cir/sec (p less than 0.05). The duration of action after bolus infusion varied from 60--90 minutes. During continuous infusion of amrinone, sustained increases in CI and reductions in LVFP, similar to those at the time of peak effect after bolus administration, were maintained for 180 minutes. These marked cardiotonic effects of amrinone in patients already taking digitalis for severe heart failure occurred without side effects of arrhythmias or altered arterial pressures. The fact that the drug is orally active makes amrinone a v:ry promising inotropic agent for the treatment of chronic heart failure in man.
Clinician-Identified Depression in Community Settings: Concordance with Structured-Interview Diagnoses
Authors: Ramin Mojtabai
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2013)

Relatively little is known about the prevalence and correlates of overdiagnosis of depression in community settings. This study examined the extent to which individuals with clinician-identified depression in the community meet the criteria for DSM-IV major depressive episodes (MDE) and characteristics of these individuals.In a sample of 5,639 participants with clinician-identified depression drawn from the 2009-2010 United States National Survey of Drug Use and Health, the proportion of participants who met the 12-month MDE criteria, ascertained by a structured interview, and variations in MDE diagnosis across different groups of participants were examined. Mental health profiles and service use of participants who met the MDE criteria were compared to those who did not meet these criteria.Only 38.4% of participants with 12-month clinician-identified depression met the 12-month MDE criteria. Older adults were less likely than younger adults to meet the criteria - only 14.3% of those 65 years old or older met the criteria, whereas participants with more education and those with poorer overall health were more likely to meet the criteria. Participants who did not meet the 12-month MDE criteria reported less distress and impairment in role functioning and used fewer services. A majority of both groups, however, were prescribed and used psychiatric medications.Depression overdiagnosis and overtreatment is common in community settings in the USA. There is a need for improved targeting of diagnosis and treatments of depression and other mental disorders in these settings.
Mitochondrial STAT3 plays a major role in IgE-antigen–mediated mast cell exocytosis
Authors: Tal Hadad Erlich, Zohar Yagil, Gillian Kay, Alona Peretz, Helena Migalovich-Sheikhet, Sagi Tshori, Hovav Nechushtan, Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Ann Saada, Ehud Razin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)