tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in rates and seasonal distribution of sudden infant deaths in England and Wales, 1988-92
Authors: E A Gilman, K K Cheng, H R Winter, R Scragg
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Differential survival between smokers and non-smokers with the e4 allele ofthe apolipoprotein E gene has been proposed to explain the inverse relation between history of cigarette smoking and Alzheimer's disease * This study shows that the inverse association between smoking history and early onset Alzheimer's disease cannot be explained by a shift in frequency ofthe apolipoprotein e4 allele * The inverse relation was significant only in subjects with a family history of dementia who carry the e4 allele * Our study suggests that clinical trials with nicotine or nicotine derivatives have the greatest chance of success in patients with familial Alzheimer's disease who carry the apolipoprotein e4 allele protected from Alzheimer's disease by continuing to smoke.The present study has no direct relevance, therefore, for the prevention of disease.Our findings may have implications, however, for the understand- ing of the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies in Alzheimer's disease.Our study suggests that clinical trials with nicotine or nicotine derivatives have the greatest chance of success in patients with Alzheimer's disease who have a family history of dementia and carry the apolipoprotein e4 allele.
Getting Religion Seen as Help in Being Well
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The PRIDE (Papulopustules and/or paronychia, Regulatory abnormalities of hair growth, Itching, and Dryness due to Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors) syndrome
Authors: M.E. Lacouture, S.E. Lai
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article The PRIDE (Papulopustules and/or paronychia, Regulatory abnormalities of hair growth, Itching, and Dryness due to Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors) syndrome Get access M.E. Lacouture, M.E. Lacouture Cancer Skin Care Program and SERIES Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 676 N. St. Clair Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611, U.S.A. E‐mail: m‐lacouture@northwestern.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.E. Lai S.E. Lai Cancer Skin Care Program and SERIES Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 676 N. St. Clair Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611, U.S.A. E‐mail: m‐lacouture@northwestern.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 4, 1 October 2006, Pages 852–854, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07452.x Published: 01 October 2006
Electrical prediction of postoperative atrial fibrillation from continuous recordings of atrial electrograms
Authors: N. Gupta, K.A. Mowrey, T.A. Grady, R.A. Schwelkert, R.S. Augostini, V.I. Horiatis, S.N. French, P.M. McCarthy, M.K. Chung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Coffee Consumption Is Associated With Higher Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in Women With or Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Catherine J. Williams, Jessica L. Fargnoli, Janice J. Hwang, Rob M. van Dam, George L. Blackburn, Frank B. Hu, Christos S. Mantzoros
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

To test whether the beneficial effects of coffee consumption in metabolism might be explained by changes in circulating levels of adiponectin, we evaluated self-reported habitual coffee and tea consumption and caffeine intake as predictors of plasma adiponectin concentrations among 982 diabetic and 1,058 nondiabetic women without cardiovascular disease from the Nurses' Health Study. Women with and without diabetes who drank >or=4 cups of coffee per day had significantly higher adiponectin concentrations than those who didn't drink coffee regularly (7.7 vs. 6.1 microg/ml, respectively, in diabetic women, P = 0.004; 15.0 vs. 13.2 microg/ml in nondiabetic women, P = 0.04). Similar associations were observed for caffeine intake. We confirm previously reported inverse associations of coffee consumption with inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor II. Adjustment for adiponectin did not weaken these associations, and adjustment for inflammatory markers did not attenuate the association between coffee consumption and adiponectin concentrations. High consumption of caffeine-containing coffee is associated with higher adiponectin and lower inflammatory marker concentrations.
Behavioral Medicine: Toward a Comprehensive Psychosomatic Approach
Authors: Hoyle Leigh
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

Behavioral medicine is the practice of a comprehensive approach to the patient. It integrates the biological, personal, and environmental-social dimensions in evaluation and treatment. An operational method of implementing this practice is the Patient Evaluation Grid (PEG), in which three dimensions of the patient (biological, personal, environmental) are intersected by three time contexts (current, recent, background) to form a nine-square grid. An examination of information contained in the PEG and their interaction results in a three-dimensional diagnosis and a three-dimensional management plan. The psychiatrist is the only professional with formal training in all the areas of the PEG to interpret, integrate, and prioritize the information that leads to diagnoses and treatment plans. In this role of the psychiatrist as integrator/co-ordinator of evaluation and treatment, he/she must collaborate with other professionals to provide the best available care for the patient.
Re-emergence of interferon-α in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: M Talpaz, R Hehlmann, A Quintás-Cardama, J Mercer, J Cortes
Journal: Leukemia (2012)

Treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has evolved from chemotherapy (busulfan, hydroxyurea) to interferon-α (IFNα), and finally to tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib. Although imatinib has profoundly improved outcomes for patients with CML, it has limitations. Most significantly, imatinib cannot eradicate CML primitive progenitors, which likely accounts for the high relapse rate when imatinib is discontinued. IFNα, unlike imatinib, preferentially targets CML stem cells. Early studies with IFNα in CML demonstrated its ability to induce cytogenetic remission. Moreover, a small percentage of patients treated with IFNα were able to sustain durable remissions after discontinuing therapy and were probably cured. The mechanisms by which IFNα exerts its antitumor activity in CML are not well understood; however, activation of leukemia-specific immunity may have a role. Some clinical studies have demonstrated that the combination of imatinib and IFNα is superior to either therapy alone, perhaps because of their different mechanisms of action. Nonetheless, the side effects of IFNα often impede its administration, especially in combination therapy. Here, we review the role of IFNα in CML treatment and the recent developments that have renewed interest in this once standard therapy for patients with CML.
Enhancement of the vasorelaxant potency of nicorandil by metabolic inhibition and adenosine in the pig coronary artery
Authors: Christina S Davie, Nicholas B Standen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Objective: Nicorandil is used clinically to treat angina and acts in part by opening ATP-sensitive K+ channels whose opening is also enhanced by metabolic compromise. We have therefore investigated whether treatments that mimic conditions in ischaemia can increase the potency of nicorandil to dilate coronary arteries. Methods: Ring segments from pig small coronary arteries were mounted on a myograph, contracted with 20 mM K+ Krebs solution containing 200 nM BAYK 6844, and relaxations to cumulative doses of nicorandil were measured. Results and Conclusions: Nicorandil produced a dose-dependent relaxation with a mean pEC50 (−log EC50, M) of 4.76±0.02. Inhibition of metabolism with carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP, 100 nM) or by removal of extracellular glucose significantly increased the potency of nicorandil (pEC50s of 5.11±0.08 and 5.08±0.06, p<0.05 in each case). The adenosine analogue 2-chloroadenosine (2-CA, 300 nM) had a similar effect (pEC50=5.17±0.06, p<0.05). Reducing extracellular pH to 6.8 also significantly increased the potency of nicorandil, but to a smaller extent. Glibenclamide reduced the potency of nicorandil (pEC50=3.81±0.01, n=7), and abolished its enhancement by CCCP, zero glucose, 2-CA or pH 6.8 solution. 2-CA did not affect the potency of nicorandil in relaxing contractions to 80 mM K+ or the potency of glyceryl trinitrate. We conclude that the potency of nicorandil to cause coronary vasorelaxation is increased under conditions of metabolic inhibition. This effect appears to result from the K+ channel opening action of the drug, and may have significant consequences for its therapeutic effectiveness.
Omalizumab decreases nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness <i>in vitro</i>
Authors: P. Berger, E. Scotto‐Gomez, M. Molimard, R. Marthan, V. Le Gros, J. M. Tunon‐de‐Lara
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: In asthmatic patients, both symptoms and hyperresponsiveness are related to immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration in serum. The anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody omalizumab improved the control of asthma, but its effect on airway hyperresponsiveness is controversial. Passive sensitization reproduced in vitro a bronchial hyperresponsiveness, an increase in IgE bearing cells, and a mast cell degranulation. This study was designed to examine the effect of omalizumab on passive sensitization‐induced hyperresponsiveness, alterations in IgE positive inflammatory cells and mast cell degranulation within the bronchial wall. Methods: Proximal (3–5 mm diameter) and distal (0.5–1.5 mm diameter) human bronchi dissected out from 10 lung specimens were incubated in normal or asthmatic serum containing various concentrations of omalizumab. Contractile responses to histamine or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ( D. pter ) were recorded using an organ bath system and expressed as percentage of maximal contractile response to acetylcholine (ACh). Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies directed against IgE or tryptase. Mast cells were classified as fully granulated (type I), partly (type II) or largely degranulated (type III). Results: The specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness to D. pter and the nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness to histamine following passive sensitization were significantly inhibited by omalizumab in both distal and proximal airways. Passive sensitization‐induced increase in IgE positive cells was also abolished by omalizumab in a concentration dependent manner. Mast cell degranulation which was inhibited by omalizumab was positively correlated with the contractile response to D. pter . Conclusions: Omalizumab blocks specific and nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Anti‐IgE also decreases IgE bearing cell number and mast cell degranulation.
Abstract 3764: Promoter methylation in exfoliated breast cells isolated from breast milk of women who have had a breast biopsy
Authors: Eva P. Browne, Elizabeth C. Punska, Douglas L. Anderton, Kathleen F. Arcaro
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Analysis of promoter methylation patterns in genes frequently downregulated in breast cancer may serve as an early indicator of breast cancer risk. To date, studies of methylation patterns in breast epithelial cells from asymptomatic women have been limited to cells obtained from fine nipple aspirate and ductal lavage. Analysis of promoter hypermethylation in exfoliated epithelial cells isolated from breast milk provides a non-invasive opportunity to assess breast cancer risk. Our preliminary data indicate that we can detect a cancer methylation phenotype in the milk of women at high risk. We propose that epithelial cells isolated from breast milk of lactating women scheduled to have a breast biopsy provide a resource for assessing early changes in DNA related to increased breast cancer risk. Two hundred and fifty breast milk samples from women who are scheduled to have, or have had a breast biopsy will be collected. Of these women, we expect that roughly ten percent will be diagnosed with breast cancer. Breast milk will be collected from both the biopsied and contralateral breast of each participant. To date, 153 participants have donated breast milk, yielding 300 breast milk samples with an average size of 50 ml (±30 ml) per breast. After collection, the epithelial enriched and epithelial depleted cells from each breast were isolated. Subsequent DNA isolation of both the epithelial enriched and depleted fraction of cells yielded an average of 372 ng (range 12-5000 ng) of high quality DNA. Using the DNA extracted from epithelial enriched and depleted fractions of cells isolated from breast milk, the promoter methylation level of 9 genes known to be methylated in breast cancer will be examined using pyrosequencing technology. We will assess the promoter methylation levels of: CDH1, DAP-K, ER-α, GSTP1, HIN1, P16, RAR-ß, RASSF1A, and SFRP1 in the epithelial enriched and depleted bisulfite treated DNA of each breast milk sample. Preliminary pyrosequencing assays conducted in our lab have shown that there is a difference in RASSF1A methylation levels between the epithelial enriched DNA from the cancerous breast compared to the epithelial depleted DNA from the non-cancerous breast of the same participant. Further methylation analysis may prove that breast milk can be used as non-invasive alternative to ductal lavage or fine needle aspirate, which may yield accurate breast cancer risk assessment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3764.
Press: Why scare stories are good for the NHS
Authors: F. Weldon
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Alas, the interests of the government, the people, and the scientists—let alone the general practitioners and their patients—merely overlap: they do not coincide. All kinds of trouble, rancour, and misunderstanding breed in the margins. I came to this conclusion as I sat on a platform recently, at a meeting called by the Royal Society the better to engage with the general public: the subject—“Do we trust today's scientists?”

If it weren't for the headlines, the pics, the family interviews … wouldn't things in the NHS be worse? 

The answer given by the public (or those who bothered to turn up; scarcely a random sample, though we could at least be sure they weren't just there for the beer—only cranberry juice was served at lunch) was a fairly resounding no. The reasons for their mistrust were various. Some blamed the scientists for engaging in hot headed schemes such as the cloning of human babies, the invention of the atom bomb, and the development of genetic crops. Others thought the government's tradition of getting things wrong—for example, foot and mouth disease, BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy)—on the basis of expert scientific advice was …
Secondary Leukemia with Munchausen Filariasis?
Authors: PETER G. JUSTUS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 November 1976Secondary Leukemia with Munchausen Filariasis?PETER G. JUSTUS, M.D., CRAIG S. KITCHENS, M.D.PETER G. JUSTUS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CRAIG S. KITCHENS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-5-685 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The patient described by Allegra, Woodward, and Chandler (Ann Intern Med 85:262-263, 1976) was recently in the southeastern United States.He entered our emergency room on a weekend in February 1976, claiming to be a 42-year-old engineer with a Ph.D. working for a large international airline. His work had taken him to all corners of the earth. He claimed to have recently been in Nepal and Indochina where he contracted several exotic diseases including filariasis. During the last 3 months he admitted to being seen in hospitals in Washington, North Dakota, Maryland, Washington D.C., Virginia, and Florida....References1. IRELANDSAPIRATEMPLETON PJB: Munchausen's syndrome. Review and report of an additional case. Am J Med 43:579-592, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. CHAPMAN J: Peregrinating problem patients: Munchausen's syndrome. JAMA 165:927-933, 1957 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. VON MAUERWASSONDEFORD KKJ: Munchausen's syndrome: a thirty year history of peregrination par excellence. South Med J 66:629-632, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32601 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by“Doc, There's a Worm in My Stool”: Munchausen Parasitosis in a Returning TravelerMicrofilariae in association with neoplastic lesions: report of five casesLes maladies factices et le syndrome de MünchausenA review of the Munchausen syndromeProbing the Dynamics of Münchausen's Syndrome Detailed Analysis of a CasePETER G. JUSTUS, M.D., SARAH S. KREUTZIGER, M.S.W., CRAIG S. KITCHENS, M.D.Itinerant Patient with Hematologic AbnormalitiesARTHUR S. BENDER, M.D. 1 November 1976Volume 85, Issue 5Page: 685-685KeywordsEmergency departmentEngineersFilariasis Issue Published: 1 November 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reform of civil litigation rules could save NHS millions of pounds
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The NHS stands to save tens of millions of pounds a year if recommendations for the biggest shake-up of civil litigation costs in England and Wales for a decade are implemented.

The year long review, supported by the Ministry of Justice and carried out by the senior appeal court judge Lord Justice Jackson, calls for an end to the rule that losing defendants must pay “success fees” on top of their normal costs to lawyers who represent winning claimants under “no win, no fee” deals.

Claimants’ lawyers regularly claim success fees of double their usual costs in such cases, in some cases up to £900 (€1000; $1500) an hour, …
Effects of lymphoblastoid alfa interferon (L-IFN) on transforming growth factor (TGF)beta production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CH-C)
Authors: JM Merino, J Camps, E Larrea, JI Riezu-Boj, A Castilla, MP Civeira, ML Subirá, J Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Factors influencing sunless tanning with dihydroxyacetone
Authors: B.-C. Nguyen, I.E. Kochevar
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Sunless tanning preparations have been used for more than 50 years and are still very popular because they provide temporary pigmentation resembling an ultraviolet-induced tan. The pigment is the product of reactions between dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and amino acids in the stratum corneum.To understand the factors that influence the reactions of DHA with amino acids in the stratum corneum with the ultimate goal of producing pigmentation with greater photoprotection.The influence of hydration and/or oxygen on the development of DHA-induced pigment was assessed in vivo using an occlusive dressing and ex vitro on human epidermal preparations. Two spectroscopic techniques, diffuse reflectance and fluorescence emission, were used to monitor the extent of pigment development. The optimal relative humidity for DHA-induced pigmentation was assessed on the epidermal preparations. The formation of products from reactions between DHA and nine amino acids was studied in solutions buffered at pH 5 and 7.Development of DHA-induced pigmentation was inhibited by a 24-h occlusive dressing but appeared after its removal, indicating that DHA was still present. High hydration but not the absence of oxygen inhibited coloration of occluded skin. The extent of pigmentation did not vary in a simple manner with hydration, as pigment formation was positively correlated with humidity from 0 to 75% but negatively correlated from 75 to 100%. Lysine, glycine and histidine reacted most rapidly with DHA, with reaction rates greater at pH 7 than at pH 5. The products absorbed with maxima at wavelengths up to 340 nm.These results indicate that extent of hydration, pH and availability of certain amino acids influence the development of DHA-induced pigmentation in the stratum corneum and suggest that manipulation of these factors might produce pigmentation with greater photoprotection.
Correction of Distortion in Dye Dilution Curves due to Sampling Systems
Authors: E. Glassman, W. Blesser, W. Mitzner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

The degree of distortion in dye curves due to sampling and recording systems was estimated and appropriate correction factors were determined. These factors were used in recording corrected dye curves in circulatory models and during left heart catheterization. Calculations of ventricular ejection fractions and volumes were made from the corrected curves.