tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Helicobacter pylori eradication: Novel therapy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura? A review of the literature
Authors: Shannon Jackson, Paul L. Beck, Graham F. Pineo, Man-Chiu Poon
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) from the gastric mucosa has been associated with improvement of several systemic diseases, including immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Over the last 5 years, several studies have reported improved platelet counts in H. pylori-positive ITP patients following standard triple H. pylori eradication therapy. Review of published studies in which eradication of H. pylori has been performed in the ITP population indicates an overall response rate of 52% in 193 subjects in whom H. pylori was eradicated. Cohorts from Japan and Italy report higher response rates. There is no established mechanism to explain how this organism, which does not invade the gastric mucosa, could be implicated in the pathogenesis of this immune-based platelet disorder. Several theories including molecular mimicry, platelet aggregation, and immunomodulatory effects of macrolides have been proposed to explain the platelet response to anti-H. pylori therapy. Large randomized-controlled studies enrolling patients from various ethnic backgrounds will be necessary to determine the response rate and mechanism of response and to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of ITP. Am. J. Hematol. 78:142–150, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Labeling of Prescriptions
Authors: Warren E. Weaver
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> InThe Journal(Jan. 14, p. 164) is a letter from Dr. Havener regarding the labeling of prescriptions with the name of the drug. While Dr. Havener seems to be a proponent of this procedure, your readers should not be left with the impression that there are no disadvantages to labeling prescriptions in the manner suggested. The two examples cited as<i>reducing the possibiity of error</i>are equally subject to the argument that<i>the possibility of error is increased</i>. Patients should not be expected to be acquainted with the many similarities in drug names. A patient might think the name of a drug is the same as one previously causing an unfavorable response, with the result that the prescriber is led to another preparation less effective. Dosages are also a factor here, and this information may not be on the prescription label. A program that would encourage
Comment on: Hermida et al. Influence of Time of Day of Blood Pressure–Lowering Treatment on Cardiovascular Risk in Hypertensive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011;34:1270–1276
Authors: Niklas B. Rossen, Klavs W. Hansen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

Hermida et al. (1) have recently shown an impressive reduction of asleep blood pressure and associated reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in type 2 diabetic patients treated with at least one antihypertensive drug at bedtime compared with patients who ingested all drugs in the morning. This is a subgroup analysis of the diabetic patients (20%) enrolled in the MAPEC (Monitorizacion Ambulatoria para Prediccion de Eventos Cardiovasculares [Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for …
Authors' reply to Loukota and Musini and colleagues
Authors: K. E. Poole, J. E. Compston
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Loukota refers to an “exponential increase” in the incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) associated with bisphosphonate use.1 2 We are unaware of any evidence for this in patients treated with bisphosphonates for osteoporosis, either in the review quoted by Loukota or in the literature. The precautions set out in our paper are fully in line with those recommended …
A RECENT SURGICAL SERVICE AT THE AMBULANCE DES ALLIÉS
Authors: JOHN J. MOORHEAD
Journal: JAMA (1918)

What follows is a summary of the operation performed on 132 patients during an active period of the recent spring offensive. This formation suddenly found itself in a position in which front line work became imperative, and at first the staff consisted of Major George de Tarnowsky, M. R. C., and myself. Later each of us had the assistance of the following M. R. C. officers, who remained for varying periods: Capt. R. M. Keating, Capt. Philip Wilson, Capt. Charles Farmer and Lieut. T. Hardy, the two last named still being on service. In the first stages of the offensive the tour of service was necessarily continuous; later the service was divided into periods of ten hours operative service, three teams (<i>équipes</i>) acting in rotation, one of these consisting of French surgeons, the other two being American. The nursing operating room personnel is on duty each alternate twenty-four hours. One
Silence of the Leukemic Clone
Authors: Mel Greaves
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The success of treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been justifiably lauded. Some 70 percent of patients who receive optimal therapy and support can now expect to have a long-term remission and probable cure.1 Most current therapeutic protocols use not only early induction and consolidation phases of combination therapy but also a two-year maintenance phase with methotrexate and other drugs. Clinical trials have clearly demonstrated that this protracted treatment is necessary; a shorter duration of maintenance therapy results in more relapses.2 After the cessation of chemotherapy, a minority of patients unpredictably relapse within a year or two. Overall, . . .
Prognostic Significance of Fluorescence Intensity of Surface Marker Expression in Childhood B-Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. A Pediatric Oncology Group Study
Authors: Michael J. Borowitz, Jonathan Shuster, Andrew J. Carroll, Michael Nash, A. Thomas Look, Bruce Camitta, Donald Mahoney, Stephen J. Lauer, D. Jeanette Pullen
Journal: Blood (1997)
Functional development of cardiac sympathetic nerves in newborn dogs: Evidence for asymmetrical development
Authors: F. A. KRALIOS, C. K. MILLAR
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

The functional development of cardiac sympathetic nerves was investigated in 52 puppies, 1 to 6 weeks of age. The effect of nerve stimulation on refractory period shortening at eight epicardial sites was used as criterion. Zero or minimal effect was observed at the first week of life for all the nerves tested, then a sharp increase of effect was observed at the second week, while at the third week, an unexpected decrease was observed for all nerves. At the fourth week, the effect increased again and remained high for the subsequent weeks. Thus functional sympathetic innervation of the heart is not complete at birth, but continues to develop throughout the first 6 weeks of life, following an irregular pattern of progression. The nonuniform maturation of cardiac nerves coupled with the localised distribution of the nerves may provide a basis for regional sympathetic imbalance and subsequent arrhythmiogenesis in early life.
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE AND ITS EARLY AND LATE IMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION: THE IRAD EXPERIENCE
Authors: Himanshu Patel, Truls Myrmel, Rossella Fattori, Daniel Montgomery, Kevin Greason, Linda Pape, G. Chad Hughes, Mark Peterson, Santi Trimarchi, G. Michael Deeb, Nicholas Teman, Eric Isselbacher, Christoph Nienaber, Kim Eagle, James Froehlich
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Suicide After Breast Cancer: an International Population-Based Study of 723 810 Women
Authors: Catherine Schairer, Linda Morris Brown, Bingshu E. Chen, Regan Howard, Charles F. Lynch, Per Hall, Hans Storm, Eero Pukkala, Aage Anderson, Magnus Kaijser, Michael Andersson, Heikki Joensuu, Sophie D. Fosså, Patricia A.Ganz, Lois B. Travis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2006)

Few studies have examined long-term suicide risk among breast cancer survivors, and there are no data for women in the United States. We quantified suicide risk through 2002 among 723 810 1-year breast cancer survivors diagnosed between January 1, 1953, and December 31, 2001, and reported to 16 population-based cancer registries in the United States and Scandinavia. Among breast cancer survivors, we calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and excess absolute risks (EARs) compared with the general population, and the probability of suicide. We used Poisson regression likelihood ratio tests to assess heterogeneity in SMRs; all statistical tests were two-sided, with a .05 cutoff for statistical significance. In total 836 breast cancer patients committed suicide (SMR = 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.28 to 1.47; EAR = 4.1 per 100 000 person-years). Although SMRs ranged from 1.25 to 1.53 among registries, with 245 deaths among the sample of US women (SMR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.32 to 1.70), differences among registries were not statistically significant ( P for heterogeneity = .19). Risk was elevated throughout follow-up, including for 25 or more years after diagnosis (SMR = 1.35, 95% CI = 0.82 to 2.12), and was highest among black women (SMR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.44 to 5.17) ( P for heterogeneity = .06). Risk increased with increasing stage of breast cancer ( P for heterogeneity = .08) and remained elevated among women diagnosed between 1990 and 2001 (SMR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.18 to 1.57). The cumulative probability of suicide was 0.20% 30 years after breast cancer diagnosis.
Low-dose steroid-induced tumor lysis syndrome in a hepatocellular carcinoma patient
Authors: Jin Ok Kim, Dae Won Jun, Hye Jin Tae, Kang Nyeong Lee, Hang Lak Lee, Oh Young Lee, Ho Soon Choi, Byung Chul Yoon, Joon Soo Hahm
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2015)

Tumor lysis syndrome is rare in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it has been reported more frequently recently in response to treatments such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFTA), and sorafenib. Tumor lysis syndrome induced by low-dose steroid appears to be very unusual in HCC. We report a patient with hepatitis-C-related liver cirrhosis and HCC in whom tumor lysis syndrome occurred due to low-dose steroid (10 mg of prednisolone). The patient was a 90-year-old male who presented at the emergency room of our hospital with general weakness and poor oral intake. He had started to take prednisolone to treat adrenal insufficiency 2 days previously. Laboratory results revealed hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and increased creatinine. These abnormalities fulfilled the criteria in the Cairo-Bishop definition of tumor lysis syndrome. Although the patient received adequate hydration, severe metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury progressed unabated. He finally developed multiple organ failure, and died 3 days after admission. This was a case of tumor lysis syndrome caused by administration of low-dose steroid in a patient with HCC. Keywords: Tumor lysis syndrome; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Steroid
Abnormal endothelial factor VIII associated with pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart defects.
Authors: M Rabinovitch, M Andrew, H Thom, G A Trusler, W G Williams, R D Rowe, P M Olley
Journal: Circulation (1987)

In patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart defects, ultrastructural abnormalities are observed in endothelial cells, which suggest heightened metabolic function. If endothelial production of the von Willebrand factor (vWF) is increased, this may be associated with abnormal interactions with platelets leading to worsening of the pulmonary hypertension. We therefore evaluated vWF in 30 patients with pulmonary hypertension (25 with congenital heart defects) and in 30 individuals with normal pulmonary arterial pressure (12 with congenital heart defects). We measured the antigenic (vWF: Ag) and biologic (VWF: rist) activity of vWF in plasma and assessed endothelial vWF: Ag directly by an immunoperoxidase stain applied to lung biopsy tissue. Because of considerable variance and small size, the group of five patients with pulmonary hypertension and without congenital heart defects were excluded from statistical analyses. Patients with pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart defects had significant higher vWF: Ag levels than individuals with normal pulmonary arterial pressure without congenital heart defects (p less than .05), whereas values in those with normal pressure and congenital heart defects were intermediate. In lung biopsy tissue available from 29 patients in this study and from 11 others we previously reported, immunostain of pulmonary arterial endothelium for vWF was intense (suggesting increased production) in 29 of 32 with pulmonary hypertension and congenital heart defects and in only one of eight with normal pulmonary arterial pressure and congenital heart defects (p less than .01). Only three patients with congenital heart defects and pulmonary hypertension and increased vWF: Ag, however, had increased vWF: rist. Compatible with this discrepancy was a loss of vWF high-molecular weight forms as determined by both crossed immunoelectrophoresis and multimeric analysis. Our results suggest that increased vWF in most patients with congenital heart defects and pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased production of a biologically deficient molecule lacking high-molecular weight forms.
Dual Effects of Weight and Weight Gain on Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Zhiping Huang, Susan E. Hankinson, Graham A. Colditz, Meir J. Stampfer, David J. Hunter, JoAnn E. Manson, Charles H. Hennekens, Bernard Rosner, Frank E. Speizer, Walter C. Willett
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality among women. It is important to identify modifiable risk factors for this disease.To examine body mass index (BMI) at the age of 18 years and at midlife and adult weight change in relation to breast cancer incidence and mortality.Cohort study.A cohort of 95256 US female nurses aged 30 to 55 years who were followed up for 16 years.Incident and fatal breast cancer.During 1203498 person-years, 2517 incident breast cancers (60% postmenopausal) were documented. Higher current BMI was associated with lower breast cancer incidence before menopause and was minimally associated with incidence after menopause. However, a stronger positive relationship was seen among postmenopausal women who never used hormone replacement (relative risk=1.59 for BMI >31 kg/m2 vs < or = 20 kg/m2; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.32; P for trend <.001). Higher BMI at the age of 18 years was associated with lower breast cancer incidence both before and after menopause. Weight gain after the age of 18 years was unrelated to breast cancer incidence before menopause, but was positively associated with incidence after menopause. This increased risk with weight gain was limited to women who never used postmenopausal hormones; among these women, the relative risk was 1.99 (95% confidence interval, 1.43-2.76) for weight gain of more than 20 kg vs unchanged weight (P for trend <.001). Current BMI and weight gain were even more strongly associated with fatal postmenopausal breast cancer. In this population, the percentage of postmenopausal breast cancer accounted for by weight gain alone was approximately 16% and by hormone replacement therapy alone was 5%, but when the interaction between these variables was considered, together they accounted for about one third of postmenopausal breast cancers.Avoiding adult weight gain may contribute importantly to the prevention of breast cancer after menopause, particularly among women who do not use postmenopausal hormones.
Vasovagal Faint in the Supine Position
Authors: J. G. Bourne
Journal: BMJ (1970)

importance of having a manometer or release valve incorporated in the circuit has been stressed.Seed, Shakespeare, and Mul- doon' stated that the inflow pressure should not rise above 20 mm.Hg, a higher pressure usually indicating a blocked cannula.One of their patients suffered from tachycardia and a fall in blood pressure when the insufflation pressure rose above 40mm.Hg for a short time, but recovery occurred immediately on decompression.These authors attributed the hypotension to compression of the vena cava, and suggested that-it was more likely to occur earlier with a tense abdominal wall than with flaccid musculature.Splinting of the diaphragm will also embarrass respiration, and regurgitation of stomach contents may occur.Once the dangers of overdistension are realized they can be easily avoided, but should this occur immediate release of pres- sure and raising the legs should quickly restore normal cardiac and respiratory function.-Iam, etc., HUMPHREY ARTHURE.
Make Low-Cholesterol Diets Tasty
Authors: John La Puma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 April 1994Make Low-Cholesterol Diets TastyJohn La Puma, MDJohn La Puma, MDLutheran General Hospital; The University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60614Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-7-199404010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Substituting olive oil for butter and supplementing meals with psyllium and garlic pills are two mildly effective steps for reducing serum cholesterol. Subtracting dietary fat seems like the most direct solution [1] but ignores patient preferences for foods that are rich and satisfying. Preferences start early and are taught in school. If kids do not eat their lunches (38% fat), for example, they may opt for a Big Mac (47% fat) [3, 4].Subtracting fat without adding a new, equally appealing taste is a recipe for noncompliance. Many chefs, and a few physicians and dieticians, are now ...References1. Pearson TA, Patel RV. The quest for a cholesterol-decreasing diet: should we subtract, substitute or supplement? Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:627-8. Google Scholar2. What's for lunch? Too much fat and salt. New York Times. 26 October 1993; A8. Google Scholar3. Fast food for fat-watchers. Consumer Reports. September 1993; 576. Google Scholar4. La Puma J. Rx great food: five recent low-fat cookbooks. JAMA. (In press). Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John La Puma, MDAffiliations: Lutheran General Hospital; The University of Chicago; Chicago, IL 60614 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 7 Page: 621-622 Keywords Cholesterol Diet Fats Food Oils Taste ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
MEASURING ECCENTRIC STRENGTH OF THE SHOULDER EXTERNAL ROTATORS USING A HAND-HELD DYNAMOMETER: RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY
Authors: F Johansson, A Cools, E Skillgate
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Shoulder strength assessment plays an important role in the clinical examination of the shoulder region. Eccentric strength measurements are of special importance guiding the clinician in the injury prevention or return to play decisions after injury. Objective The primary aim of this study was to examine the absolute and relative reliability and validity of a standardized eccentric strength measurement protocol for the glenohumeral external rotators. Design Reliability and Validity study. Setting Testing environment at the department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy of the Ghent University, Belgium. Participants 25 healthy subjects (9 male and 16 female) without any history of shoulder pain were tested. Risk factor assessment The subjects were tested by two independent assessors using a hand-held dynamometer (HHD), and underwent an isokinetic testing procedure. A clinical protocol, using a HHD, a Dynaport accelerometer to measure acceleration and angular velocity and a Biodex to measure isokinetic testing was used. Main outcome measurements Three (3) eccentric strength measurements: (1) tester one with the HHD, (2) tester two with the HHD, and (3) Biodex isokinetic strength measurement. Results The intratester reliability was found to be excellent (0,879 and 0,858), whereas the intertester reliability was good with an ICC between testers of 0,714. Pearson correlation coefficients of 0,78 and 0,70 were found between the HHD and the isokinetic data, showing good validity of this new procedure. Conclusions This study shows that standardized eccentric rotator cuff strength can be measured and performed in the clinical setting with good to excellent reliability and validity using a HHD.
Myocyte signalling in leucocyte recruitment to the heart
Authors: Alessandra Ghigo, Irene Franco, Fulvio Morello, Emilio Hirsch
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Myocardial damage, by different noxious causes, triggers an inflammatory reaction driving post-injury repair mechanisms and chronic remodelling processes that are largely detrimental to cardiac function. Cardiomyocytes have recently emerged as key players in orchestrating this inflammatory response. Injured cardiomyocytes release damage-associated molecular pattern molecules, such as high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), DNA fragments, heat shock proteins, and matricellular proteins, which instruct surrounding healthy cadiomyocytes to produce inflammatory mediators. These mediators, mainly interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), in turn activate versatile signalling networks within surviving cardiomyocytes and trigger leucocyte activation and recruitment. In this review, we will focus on recently characterized signalling pathways activated in cardiomyocytes that mediate inflammatory responses during myocardial infarction, hypertensive heart disease, and myocarditis.
Pacemaker pinpoints time of death in murder case
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A murdered man's pacemaker has been used to give a coroner vital evidence about the victim's ordeal.

Almost two days after the man was beaten to death, doctors were able to view the pacemaker's records and produce data for the duration of the incident. By analysing the data they were able to pinpoint crucial times, including when he was awoken, time spent walking around, the altercation with the intruder, and the time of the beating and his death.

The case, …