tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
99mTc Sestamibi as a Prognostic Factor of Response to First-Line Therapy and Outcome in Patients With Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: Trifon J. Spyridonidis, Panayota Matsouka, Argiris Symeonidis, Christos Savvopoulos, Pavlos J. Vassilakos, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Resistance to chemotherapy poses a major problem in cancer patients. Although of multifactorial origin, some of the implicated mechanisms also interfere with (99m)Tc-MIBI uptake and retention in cancer cells. The aim of the current study was to investigate the prognostic value of baseline (99m)Tc-MIBI imaging in lymphoma.(99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT was performed in 16 patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and 31 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) before chemotherapy initiation. Early (20 minutes), late (120 minutes) tumor-to-background (T/B) ratios, and 2-hour (99m)Tc-MIBI washout were calculated. Follow-up data were obtained for a period of 45.5 ± 23.5 months. Study end points were response to first-line chemotherapy, lymphoma-related death (LRD), and time to disease progression.Of the scintigraphic indices examined, the late T/B ratio correlated best with study end points. A cutoff value of 1.8 determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis discriminated poor from good response and LRD from survival with an accuracy of 87% and 81%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survivor functions separated by this cutoff differed significantly for both time to disease progression and LRD (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0015). In the Cox proportional hazards model, the late T/B ratio proved to have an independent and incremental value over clinical prognostic factors (age, lymphoma type, Ann Arbor stage, lactate dehydrogenase levels) and, in NHL patients, over the international prognostic index. Patients with high international prognostic index score could be further stratified into different prognostic categories.The current study indicates that baseline (99m)Tc-MIBI SPECT can provide useful prognostic information in patients with lymphoma, particularly NHL, regarding therapy response and final outcome.
Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enhances elimination of virus-infected macrophages in an animal model of HIV-1 encephalitis
Authors: Raghava Potula, Larisa Poluektova, Bryan Knipe, Jesse Chrastil, David Heilman, Huanyu Dou, Osamu Takikawa, David H. Munn, Howard E. Gendelman, Yuri Persidsky
Journal: Blood (2005)
Spironolactone- and Canrenone-Induced Changes in Hepatic (Na+, K+)ATPase Activity, Surface Membrane Cholesterol and Phospholipid, and Fluorescence Polarization in the Rat
Authors: Philip B. Miner, Michael Sneller, Synda S. Crawford
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

We studied changes in hepatic membrane (Na + ,K + )ATPase activity and membrane lipids induced by canrenoate, the water-soluble congener of canrenone, the active metabolite of spironolactone. (Na + ,K + )ATPase activity was decreased after canrenoate in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Decreased activity was demonstrated at the lowest dose (91% of control after 5 μmoles per 100 gm body weight per day × 3 days); the maximum dose (30 μmoles per 100 gm body weight per day × 3 days) resulted in activity 38% of untreated control values. A 20 μmoles per 100 gm body weight per day dose decreased enzyme activity to 89 and 55% of control after 24 and 72 hr, respectively. The nonionic detergent Triton WR- 1339 partially reversed drug-induced inhibition, suggesting that the enzyme changes may be related to altered membrane lipids. Membrane cholesterol increased 17% after 3 days of 30 μmoles canrenoate per 100 gm body weight per day; phospholipids decreased by 12%. The cholesterol to phospholipid molar ratio increased from 0.419 to 0.555. Membrane fluidity, as measured by the fluorescent probe 1,6- diphenyl- 1,3,5-hexatriene decreased after treatment with 20 μmoles canrenoate per 100 gm body weight per day for 3 days. These results describe in vivo and in vitro inhibition of hepatic (Na + ,K + )ATPase activity. Increased membrane cholesterol with decreased phospholipid alters membrane fluidity and may be partially responsible for the change in (Na + ,K + )ATPase activity.
Transient Tyrosinemia in Full-Term Infants
Authors: Harvey L. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Transient tyrosinemia has been found in approximately 1.8% of all infants in Massachusetts tested within the first 6 weeks of life (2,085 infants out of a total screened population of 117,752). About 24% have been full-term by weight and gestational criteria. In general, infants with lower birth weights had more marked tyrosinemia. However, several babies with average or above average birth weights had blood tyrosine concentrations of 10 mg/100 ml to more than 20 mg/100 ml, and in a few of these latter infants the tyrosinemia lasted as long as 9 to 13 weeks after birth. The infants have been clinically well.
Pressure Ulcers: The Benefits and Costs of New Therapies-Reply
Authors: Bruce A. Ferrell
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The letters by Breite and Pane and Chevalier illustrate several important issues that health care providers and policymakers face when confronted with the problem of pressure ulcer management. Pane and Chevalier appropriately suggest that future comparisons should include other support surfaces less expensive but potentially as effective as low-air-loss systems. There are at least 115 different patient support surfaces available for the prevention and management of pressure ulcers.<sup>1</sup>Keeping the goals of care in mind (prevention vs cure), medical and economic policies should support the use of technology in settings where data exist to prove effectiveness for appropriate indications. Unfortunately, few support surfaces are tested in randomized clinical trials for either prevention or healing of pressure ulcers in nursing homes. Pane and Chevalier are also correct about the importance of skin care, ulcer prevention, and early assessment. Our study was not designed to address these issues. However,
Hemosuccus Pancreaticus - A Rare Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Diagnosis and Interventional Radiological Therapy
Authors: C. A. Benz, P. Jakob, R. Jakobs, J. F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Hemorrhage from the pancreatic duct, i. e. hemosuccus pancreaticus (HP), is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Pancreatic hemosuccus is usually due to the rupture of an aneurysm of a visceral artery, most likely the splenic artery, in chronic pancreatitis. Other causes of HP are rare. We present a case of HP in a female patient with no history but with positive findings of chronic calcifying pancreatitis upon ultrasonographic investigation, computed tomography scan, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. With detectable fresh blood in the descending duodenum, angiography of the celiac artery revealed an aneurysm of the splenic artery as the suspected cause of intermittent bleeding from the pancreatic duct. The treatment is traditionally surgical or by interventional radiological means. This is the first case described in the literature in which interventional radiological therapy involved implantation of an uncoated metal Palmaz stent in the splenic artery. In the follow-up of 18 months no relapse of HP was observed.
Celecoxib Decreases Endothelial Tissue Factor Expression Through Inhibition of c-Jun Terminal NH <sub>2</sub> Kinase Phosphorylation
Authors: Jan Steffel, Matthias Hermann, Helen Greutert, Steffen Gay, Thomas F. Lüscher, Frank Ruschitzka, Felix C. Tanner
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Despite potential antiinflammatory properties, the use of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (coxibs) in patients with cardiovascular diseases has been questioned because of a possibly increased thrombotic risk. Tissue factor (TF), a key protein for initiation of coagulation, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Hence, we examined the effect of different coxibs on TF expression. Methods and Results— Celecoxib (10 −5 mol/L), but not rofecoxib (10 −7 to 10 −5 mol/L) or the experimental coxib NS-398 (10 −7 to 10 −5 mol/L), decreased tumor necrosis factor-α–induced TF expression and activity in human aortic endothelial cells. Celecoxib (10 −5 mol/L) reduced activation of c-jun terminal NH 2 kinase (JNK), whereas it did not affect p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase or p44/42 MAP kinase; in contrast, JNK activation was not affected by rofecoxib (10 −5 mol/L) or NS-398 (10 −5 mol/L). TF expression was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by pretreatment with SP600125 (10 −7 to 10 −6 mol/L), a specific inhibitor of JNK, which confirms that JNK regulates tumor necrosis factor-α–induced TF expression. Conclusions— Celecoxib reduced TF expression and activity in human aortic endothelial cells. Because neither rofecoxib nor the experimental coxib NS-398 affected TF expression, this effect occurs independently of COX-2 inhibition; it is rather mediated through inhibition of JNK phosphorylation. These data indicate a distinct heterogeneity within this class of drugs, which may be clinically relevant, especially for patients with atherosclerotic vascular diseases.
Particulate matter and lung function growth in children: a 3-yr follow-up study in Austrian schoolchildren
Authors: B. Brunekreef
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

To the Editor: 

In the May 2002 issue of the European Respiratory Journal , Horak et al. 1 reported a study on lung function growth in children and air pollution. Their findings were interpreted as showing a significant adverse effect of particulate matter exposure on lung function growth. I was struck by the reported magnitude of the effect. For each 10 µg·m−3 of particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 10 µm (PM10) ( i.e. about the difference between the most and least exposed community in the study), the effect on forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) growth was estimated to be −84 mL·yr−1 and for midexpiratory flow between 25 and 75% of forced vital capacity (MEF25–75) no less than −329 mL·s−1·yr−1. This is approximately equivalent to 50% of the normal annual increase in FEV1 in children in this age range, and it is equivalent to almost twice the normal annual …
Bucindolol Displays Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity in Human Myocardium
Authors: Peter Andreka, Nambi Aiyar, Leslie C. Olson, Jian Qin Wei, Mark S. Turner, Keith A. Webster, Eliot H. Ohlstein, Nanette H. Bishopric
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Most clinical studies have shown that β-adrenergic receptor antagonists improve long-term survival in heart failure patients. Bucindolol, a nonselective β-receptor blocker, however, failed to reduce heart failure mortality in a recent large clinical trial. The reasons for this failure are not known. Bucindolol has partial agonist properties in rat myocardium, but whether it has agonist activity in human heart is controversial. To address this, we measured the ability of bucindolol to increase cAMP accumulation in human myocardium. Methods and Results — Myocardial strips (≈1 mm 3 ) obtained from rat and nonfailing human hearts were confirmed to be viable for ≥48 hours in normoxic tissue culture by MTT assay and histology. Freshly isolated strips were exposed to β-adrenergic antagonists and agonists and assayed for cAMP. In both rat and human strips, the full β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol raised cAMP levels by &gt;2.5-fold at 15 minutes. Carvedilol and propranolol had no effect on basal cAMP levels, whereas metoprolol reduced basal cAMP by ≈25%. In contrast, bucindolol and xamoterol increased cAMP levels in a concentration-dependent manner in both rat and human myocardium (maximum 1.64±0.25-fold and 2.00±0.27-fold over control, respectively, P &lt;0.01 for human tissue). Conclusions — Bucindolol exhibits ≈60% of the β-adrenergic agonist activity of xamoterol in normal human myocardial tissue.
In vivo antitumor activity of NVP-AEW541—A novel, potent, and selective inhibitor of the IGF-IR kinase
Authors: Carlos Garcı́a-Echeverrı́a, Mark A Pearson, Andreas Marti, Thomas Meyer, Juergen Mestan, Johann Zimmermann, Jiaping Gao, Josef Brueggen, Hans-Georg Capraro, Robert Cozens, Dean B Evans, Doriano Fabbro, Pascal Furet, Diana Graus Porta, Janis Liebetanz, Georg Martiny-Baron, Stephan Ruetz, Francesco Hofmann
Journal: Cancer Cell (2004)
Alterations in ventricular mass and performance induced by exercise training in man evaluated by echocardiography.
Authors: A N DeMaria, A Neumann, G Lee, W Fowler, D T Mason
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Few data are available regarding the effects of exercise training upon cardiac structure and performance in man. We evaluated the echograms of 24 normals before (PRE) and after (POST) 11 weeks of endurance exercise training. Conditioning consisted of a walk-jog-run protocol at 70% maximal heart rate for one hour four days per week. Training reduced heart rate and increased maximal duration and estimated oxygen consumption of treadmill exercise. Compared to PRE, the echogram in the POST training period revealed an increased left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension (EdD), a decreased end-systolic dimension (EsD) and thus an increased stroke volume (EdD3-EsD3) and shortening fraction (EdD-EsD)/EdD). Cardiac output (CO) and peripheral vascular resistance (BP/CO X 80) were identical PRE and POST conditioning. Importantly, an increase in mean fiber shortening velocity was observed POST training as were increases in LV wall thickness, ECG voltage of S in V1 + R in V5, and LV mass. Thus endurance training was accompanied by increases in both LV dimension and mass as well as LV shortening fraction and contraction velocity as observed by echocardiogram.
Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Sphenoid Sinus
Authors: NARAIN SRINIVAS, STEPHEN R. DeLONG, VENKATA K. AMILINENI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 22-year-old woman had a Tc-99m MDP whole-body scan for low back pain. A focal area of increased activity was seen in the skull base in the region of the sella turcica. A computed tomographic examination showed ground-glass opacification of the sphenoid sinus and bony sclerosis along its walls, characteristic of fibrous dysplasia. Monostotic fibrous dysplasia, the more common form compared with the polyostotic variety, occurs in 70% to 80% of all patients with fibrous dysplasia. Monostotic lesions usually involve the ribs, femur, tibia, cranium, maxilla, and mandible. The frontal and sphenoid bones are the cranial bones most commonly involved.
Localization of the site of recombination in formation of the Lepore Boston globin gene.
Authors: M Baird, H Schreiner, C Driscoll, A Bank
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

The site of crossover between the delta- and beta-globin gene sequences resulting in Lepore Boston globin gene formation has been localized at the DNA Level. Probes specific for detecting the intervening sequences (IVS) of the delta- and beta-globin genes were used to map the origin of cellular DNA fragments of a patient homozygous for hemoglobin Lepore Boston. Restriction endonuclease analysis and hybridization of this DNA to IVS specific probes show that most, if not all, of the large intervening sequences (IVS 2) in Lepore DNA are derived from the beta-globin gene IVS 2. In addition, the crossover occurs in a region of DNA in which the delta- and beta-genes have almost complete nucleotide homology, and might be expected to pair most tightly during meiosis.
The Use of Race in Medical Research
Authors: Newton G. Osborne
Journal: JAMA (1992)

IS RACIAL research in medicine racist? Publications about comparative racial research number in the thousands. A review of the English-language medical literature reveals that there is a predilection for making comparisons between black and white patients, particularly with diseases associated with promiscuity, underachievement, and antisocial behavior. Reports on studies of sexually acquired diseases,<sup>1-6</sup>suboptimal intellectual performance,<sup>7-9</sup>drug abuse,<sup>10,11</sup>violence,<sup>12-14</sup>and sexual assault<sup>15-17</sup>are common. Other topics of racial comparison are differences in incidence of renal and cardiovascular<sup>18-21</sup>diseases and presumed racial differences in anatomy,<sup>22,23</sup>physiology,<sup>24-26</sup>and psychology.<sup>27</sup> See also pp 259 and 268. When race is used as a variable in research, there is a tendency to assume that the results obtained are a manifestation of the biology of racial differences; race as a variable implies that a genetic reason may explain differences in incidence, severity, or outcome of medical conditions.
Simultaneous Hemodialyses with Twin Coil Artificial Kidney
Authors: Haakon Ragde
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The twin coil artificial kidney was found to be effective and safe and to save both time and materials in the series of cases here reported. On 17 occasions, 2 patients were treated simultaneously. Both symptomatic and laboratory evidence of improvement was obtained in all patients but one. In 6 patients with pulmonary edema, dialysis was effectively combined with ultrafiltration, which is frequently more important than the dialysis.
PATIENTS NEEDED FOR CLOFIBRATE STUDIES AT ROCKEFELLER
Authors: E. H. AHRENS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Letters and Comments1 September 1968PATIENTS NEEDED FOR CLOFIBRATE STUDIES AT ROCKEFELLERE. H. AHRENS JR., M.D.E. H. AHRENS JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-69-3-637_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: It is heartening to note the cautious response of the medical community to recent claims for clofibrate (Atromid-S®) in prevention and treatment of ischemic heart disease. An attitude of caution is entirely appropriate toward any drug affecting so fundamental a process as cholesterol metabolism, particularly with the recent experience with triparanol fresh in mind.Our research group at The Rockefeller University Hospital is highly interested in this drug, after 4 years' experience with it in closely controlled studies in about 70 patients. Some optimism about its safety is based on the much longer and wider experience of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Rockefeller University New York, N. Y. 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1968Volume 69, Issue 3Page: 637-637KeywordsCardiovascular therapyCholesterolDrug metabolismDrugsLongitudinal studiesSafety Issue Published: 1 September 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Changes in plasma brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine over time and subsequent mortality and morbidity in heart failure: Results from Val-HeFT
Authors: Inderjit S. Anand, Lloyd Fisher, Yann-Tom Chiang, Roberto Latini, Serge Masson, Aldo Maggioni, Robert Glazer, Gianni Tognoni, Jay N. Cohn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Effects of hypertensive plasma on the responses of an isolated artery preparation to noradrenaline
Authors: D. S. BLOOM, M. G. STEIN, C. ROSENDORFF
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

The effect of hypertensive plasma on the responses of an isolated artery preparation to noradrenaline were studied. In addition, because of the association between hypercholesterolaemia and hypertension, the effect of pure cholesterol and low density lipoprotein on the arterial responses to noradrenaline was also investigated. Both hypertensive plasma and low density lipoprotein potentiated the responses of the arterial preparation to noradrenaline.
Profiles of Great Lakes critical pollutants: a sentinel analysis of human blood and urine. The Great Lakes Consortium.
Authors: H A Anderson, C Falk, L Hanrahan, J Olson, V W Burse, L Needham, D Paschal, D Patterson, R H Hill
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

To determine the contaminants that should be studied further in the subsequent population-based study, a profile of Great Lakes (GL) sport fish contaminant residues were studied in human blood and urine specimens from 32 sport fish consumers from three Great Lakes: Lake Michigan (n = 10), Lake Huron (n = 11), and Lake Erie (n = 11). Serum was analyzed for 8 polychlorinated dioxin congeners, 10 polychlorinated furan congeners, 4 coplanar and 32 other polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and 11 persistent chlorinated pesticides. Whole blood was analyzed for mercury and lead. Urine samples were analyzed for 10 nonpersistent pesticides (or their metabolites) and 5 metals. One individual was excluded from statistical analysis because of an unusual exposure to selected analytes. Overall, the sample (n = 31) consumed, on average, 49 GL sport fish meals per year for a mean of 33 years. On average, the general population in the GL basin consume 6 meals of GL sport fish per year. The mean tissue levels of most persistent, bioaccumulative compounds also found in GL sport fish ranged from less than a twofold increase to that of PCB 126, which was eight times the selected background levels found in the general population. The overall mean total toxic equivalent for dioxins, furans, and coplanar PCBs were greater than selected background levels in the general population (dioxins, 1.8 times; furans, 2.4 times; and coplanar PCBs, 9.6 times). The nonpersistent pesticides and most metals were not identified in unusual concentrations. A contaminant pattern among lake subgroups was evident. Lake Erie sport fish consumers had consistently lower contaminant concentrations than consumers of sport fish from Lake Michigan and Huron. These interlake differences are consistent with contaminant patterns seen in sport fish tissue from the respective lakes; GL sport fish consumption was the most likely explanation for observed contaminant levels among this sample. Frequent consumers of sport fish proved to be effective sentinels for identifying sport fish contaminants of concern. In the larger study to follow, serum samples will be tested for PCBs (congener specific and coplanar), DDE, dioxin, and furans.
Coombs'-Test Positivity Induced by Drugs
Authors: JOSEPH D. CROFT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Recent observations indicate that a number of adverse drug reactions affecting the human erythrocyte proceed by immune mechanisms. Such immune reactions are recognized and studied by the Coombs' antiglobulin test. Three patients are described who represent examples of immune injury to red cells by three different processes involving chemically unrelated drugs. The mechanisms of induction of the positive Coombs' test are [1] the hapten type, associated with high-dose penicillin therapy, resulting in a positive anti-gamma Coombs' test; [2] the "innocent bystander" reaction, seen after quinine administration, which is associated with an anti-complement antiglobulin test; and [3] the alpha-methyldopa type, in which anti-gamma reactions are seen. The clinical characteristics and the distinguishing serologic features of each type of red cell-protein interaction are described. When erythrocytes are sensitized by antibody or complement or both, certain in vivo events may occur that lead to premature destruction of such cells. Erythrophagocytosis, fragmentation, and spherocytosis may result from the interaction of reticuloendothelial cells with antibody-coated erythrocytes, and the consequences of these interactions are discussed.