tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological Outcome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Peter Währborg, Jean E. Booth, Tim Clayton, Fiona Nugara, John Pepper, William S. Weintraub, Ulrich Sigwart, Rod H. Stables
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) has been associated with a range of neurological and neuropsychological complications from stroke to cognitive problems such as memory and problem solving disturbance. However, little is known about the impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on neuropsychological outcome. Methods and Results— In the Stent or Surgery Trial (SoS), 988 patients were randomized in equal proportions between PCI supported by stent implantation and CABG. As a substudy of this trial, we undertook an evaluation of neurological and neuropsychological outcomes after intervention. A clinical examination and neuropsychological assessment consisting of 5 tests (Digit Span Forwards and Backwards, Visual Reproduction, Bourdon, and Block Design) were performed at baseline and 6 and 12 months after the procedure. A total of 145 patients were included in the substudy analysis: 77 in the PCI group and 68 in the CABG group. One patient in the PCI arm had a stroke. There was no significant difference between treatment groups at 6 and 12 months for any of the 5 tests. The mean change from baseline was also similar in both groups. Conclusions— We were not able to demonstrate an important and significant difference in neuropsychological outcome in patients treated with different revascularization strategies. This important finding needs to be examined in further research.
Abstract 261: Podocalyxin-like 1 promotes stemness and metastasis of cancer cells through activating cortactin.
Authors: Cheng-Wei Lin, Min-Shiou Sun, Mei-Ying Liao, John Yu, Li-Ting Chiou, Han-Chung Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in tumor-initiation, self-renewal, and metastasis. CSCs share many similar biological properties with embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Currently, there still lacks a biomarker that can specifically identify CSCs. Therefore, the signaling mechanism underlying the metastatic process due to CSCs is still unclear. In the present study, we used hybridoma to identify cell surface biomarker that was coexpressed on both ESCs and cancer cells. We found that podocalyxin-like 1 (PODXL) was expressed abundantly on both ESCs and cancer cells. The expression of PODXL, which was upregulated in tumorsphere, was found to be associated with CSCs markers. Additionally, overexpression of PODXL was correlated with lymph node metastasis and cancer malignancy. Knockdown of PODXL suppressed tumor self-renewal, invasiveness, and metastasis. Further study of its molecular mechanism revealed that PODXL induces focal adhesion kinase activation, F-actin polymerization, and invadopodia formation by interacting with and activating cortactin. Collectively, we found that PODXL promotes tumor self-renewal and initiation and that the elevation of PODXL enhances local tumor cells invasiveness and distant organ metastasis. Therefore, PODXL might be a biomarker for CSC and a potential target for the development of CSC therapeutics. Citation Format: Cheng-Wei Lin, Min-Shiou Sun, Mei-Ying Liao, John Yu, Li-Ting Chiou, Han-Chung Wu. Podocalyxin-like 1 promotes stemness and metastasis of cancer cells through activating cortactin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 261. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-261
Acute appendicitis diagnosed with high-resolution endoscopy plus narrow-band imaging
Authors: J. Boix, V. Lorenzo-Zúñiga, V. Moreno de Vega, M. Gassull
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Colonoscopic diagnosis of asymptomatic acute appendicitis is extremely rare. Acute appendicitis has been described as a complication of colonoscopy [1]; however, obstruction of the appendiceal lumen, with various causes, is believed to be the event that leads to the development of acute appendicitis.
The histone deacetylase inhibitors LAQ824 and LBH589 do not require death receptor signaling or a functional apoptosome to mediate tumor cell death or therapeutic efficacy
Authors: Leigh Ellis, Michael Bots, Ralph K. Lindemann, Jessica E. Bolden, Andrea Newbold, Leonie A. Cluse, Clare L. Scott, Andreas Strasser, Peter Atadja, Scott W. Lowe, Ricky W. Johnstone
Journal: Blood (2009)
Gender and survival in patients with heart failure: interactions with diabetes and aetiology. Results from the MAGGIC individual patient meta‐analysis†
Authors: Manuel Martínez‐Sellés, Robert N. Doughty, Katrina Poppe, Gillian A. Whalley, Nikki Earle, Christophe Tribouilloy, John J.V. McMurray, Karl Swedberg, Lars Køber, Colin Berry, Iain Squire
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Intranasal fluocortin butyl in patients with perennial rhinitis: A 12-month efficacy and safety study including nasal biopsy
Authors: H ORGEL, E MELTZER, C BIERMAN, E BRONSKY, J CONNELL, P LIEBERMAN, R NATHAN, D PEARLMAN, H PENCE, R SLAVIN
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Hepatitis A, B, C and HIV infections among Finnish female prisoners – Young females a risk group
Authors: P. Viitanen, H. Vartiainen, J. Aarnio, V. von Gruenewaldt, S. Hakamäki, T. Lintonen, A.K. Mattila, T. Wuolijoki, M. Joukamaa
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)
OC-056 Viral warfare: front line defence and arming the immune system: the use of an oncolytic virus as a vaccine against colorectal liver metastases
Authors: R Dave, F Errington-Mais, D Kirn, G Toogood, A Melcher
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Liver resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) has a 50% 5-year survival rate. However, recurrence rates are reported as 50% within 2 years. Thus, there is a need for a further treatment modality that may induce long-lasting anti-tumoural activity. Virotherapeutics provides this by directly infecting and lysing tumour cells and inducing immune-mediated tumour cytotoxicity. <h3>Methods</h3> Using a double-stranded enveloped pox virus backbone, a Vaccinia virus (VV), termed JX-594, has been genetically manipulated to encode for granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Enzyme Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to confirm production of GMCSF when CRC cell lines and primary CRLM tissue were infected with this VV. ELISA was also used to measure pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Viral replication was investigated using a plaque assay technique and by directly infecting CRLM tissue with a related GFP-encoding VV. To demonstrate induction of the innate immune response we infected PBMCs with the virus and measured levels of degranulation of Natural Killer (NK) cells, and the cytotoxic ability when activated PBMCs were exposed to CRC targets. <h3>Results</h3> JX-594 treatment results in up to 75% lysis of CRC cell lines in 96 h. VV can replicate in CRC cells (250-fold replication in 72 h), thus potentially spreading through a tumour cell population, magnifying its anti-tumour effect. VV is able to produce large quantities of GMSCF. This is a cytokine that can stimulate a variety of immune effector cells including dendritic cells, which can be recruited to the tumour environment. In our study, more than 50% of the NK cells become “armed” in response the viral treatment, with the release of granyzmes that can induce apoptosis of target tumour cells. These activated NK cells when exposed to CRC targets, result in a 40%–50% lysis of the tumour cells in 24 h. VV treatment can also cause the up-regulation pro-inflammatory cytokines around the tumour environment, and potentially suppress new vessel formation by inhibiting VEGF. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Viral therapeutics holds promise as a novel treatment modality for treatment of disseminated malignancy, providing direct tumour-specific lysis and the induction of tumour-specific innate immunity. It has been shown to be safe for intravenous delivery and early studies show promising results. We propose that VV may provide an adjunct to liver resection for treatment of liver cancer, and we will soon embark on a multi-centre early phase trial, whereby VV will be administered intravenously pre-operatively. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Development and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Long-Term Smokers: Adverse Effects of Continued Smoking
Authors: Thomas Rasmussen, Daria Frestad, Lars Køber, Jesper Holst Pedersen, Laura Hohwü Thomsen, Asger Dirksen, Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Cardiac and plasma catecholamine responses to exercise in patients with diabetes mellitus — prognostic implications for cardiac-cerebrovascular events
Authors: T. Kinugawa, A. Endo, M. Mori, M. Kato, T. Kato, S. Osaki, H. Miyakoda, I. Hisatome, C. Shigemasa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
OT1-02-08: The PERSEPHONE Trial: Duration of Trastuzumab with Chemotherapy in Women with HER2 Positive Early Breast Cancer. Changing the Randomisation Point To Address Potential Barriers to Recruitment.
Authors: HM Earl, S Loi, A-L Vallier, L Hiller, E Ogburn-Storey, H Higgins, J Dunn
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background Persephone is a phase III randomised controlled trial comparing six months of trastuzumab (9 doses) to the standard 12 month duration (18 doses) in patients with HER2 positive early breast cancer in respect of disease free survival, safety and cost-effectiveness. The trial opened to recruitment in October 2007 but soon showed that meeting recruitment targets was challenging, reaching only 20–30 patients per month. A key issue seemed to be the mandatory requirement to randomise before patients started trastuzumab treatment. Successful accrual of patients in the PHARE trial, a Persephone sister study, run by the National Institute for Cancer, Paris had not incorporated this criteria. Method: In September 2009, following accrual of 316 patients, this potential barrier to recruitment was addressed by a major protocol amendment which relaxed the eligibility criteria to allow randomisation of patients who had received up to 9 doses of trastuzumab. Results: To date, 1334 patients have been randomised into PERSEPHONE. After the amendment, monthly recruitment increased to 40–50 patients and, more recently, to 60–70 patients. Of the 1018 patients recruited since September 2009, 450 (44%) patients had received at least 1 dose of trastuzumab pre-randomisation (see Table). Retrospective collection of pre-randomisation trastuzumab dose and toxicity information has proved successful, allowing analyses of dose intensity, toxicity and compliance to be carried out on all patients. Conclusion: Relaxing the eligibility criteria has considerably improved recruitment into the PERSEPHONE trial without compromising the important endpoints the trial sets out to assess. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-02-08.
THE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC, HEMODYNAMIC AND LEFT VENTRICULAR AFTERLOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ISOLATED AORTIC STENOSIS, NORMAL LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION AND ABSENCE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY
Authors: Visali Kodali, Florentina Petillo, Simcha Pollack, Nathaniel Reichek, Eddy Barasch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Benefits and Harms of Pediatric Antidepressant Medications
Authors: Bruce Waslick
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE BARBITURATES A SAFE PRELIMINARY MEDICATION FOR SURGICAL OPERATIONS
Authors: James T. Gwathmey
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Evidence that the barbiturates antagonize the toxic effects of procaine, both in the laboratory and in the clinic, indicates their preliminary medication for local and spinal anesthesia. The use of a preoperative barbiturate reduces the postoperative use of morphine by 28 per cent and vomiting by 15 per cent, as compared to the usual morphine preliminary, which requires 82 per cent postoperative morphine with 60 per cent vomiting.<sup>1</sup> Exactly which barbiturate is best or whether any of the barbiturates is better than the original barbital is, as yet, undecided. Theoretically, that particular barbiturate would be best which is most analgesic and is followed by the least nausea and vomiting. For children and also in obstetrics, nembutal is decidedly superior to any other barbiturate. As a general proposition, all anesthesias should be so heavily premedicated (i. e., patient asleep) that the terminal anesthetic should never have to be pushed. The
Asthma Is Associated with Weight Gain in Females but Not Males, Independent of Physical Activity
Authors: WILLIAM S. BECKETT, DAVID R. JACOBS, XINHUA YU, CARLOS IRIBARREN, O. DALE WILLIAMS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

We tested whether asthma diagnosis is associated with weight gain and physical activity in 4,547 18 to 30-yr-old African American and white men and women, followed prospectively for up to 10 yr. Baseline asthma was most frequent in African American men. Incident asthma was more frequent in women. Incident asthma was associated with highest and lowest baseline and change in body mass index (BMI), in a J-shaped curve, after adjustment for other factors. When stratified by sex, this association was seen only in females. Subjects on average decreased physical activity and gained weight over time, but there was no significant difference in asthma prevalence by physical activity at baseline or asthma incidence by change in physical activity. Cigarette smoking in females was significantly associated with asthma incidence, but serum cotinine level at baseline among nonsmokers (reflecting environmental tobacco smoke [ETS] exposure) was not significantly associated with asthma. We conclude that gain in BMI predisposes to new asthma diagnosis in female young adults, but decreased physical activity does not explain the association of weight gain with asthma.
THE RELATION OF ORTHOPEDICS TO PERSONALITY
Authors: IRA S. WILE
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Personality consists of an individual's collective attributes or qualities. It is the sum total of his traits and, at the same time, the main spring of his being and activities. It comprises his consciousness, his character and his will, and is manifest in his conduct and behavior. Man's nature has many aspects, and his personality may be considered as the interrelation of certain elements, which are fused into his total being. His anatomy and physiology, his intellectual capacity and his emotional life, help to determine his well being. The inherited potentials of his personality constitute a series of reactive systems which are capable of multiform responses to the stimuli from his environment. His social qualities develop as the result of an interaction of his innate self and the world to which he must adapt himself. A considerable part of his personality is created through living, through reactions to the qualities
Perioperative Dexamethasone Administration and Risk of Bleeding Following Tonsillectomy in Children
Authors: LCDR Thomas Q. Gallagher, Courtney Hill, Shilpa Ojha, Elisabeth Ference, Donald G. Keamy, Michael Williams, Maynard Hansen, Rie Maurer, Corey Collins, Jennifer Setlur, LCDR Gregory G. Capra, CDR Matthew T. Brigger, Christopher J. Hartnick
Journal: JAMA (2012)

DENOTONSILLECTOMY IS EXceedingly common, with a reported increase in tonsillectomy rates in children younger than 15 years from 287 000 to 530 000 per year over the past decade. 1,2Although safe, adenotonsillectomy can result in significant complications, such as aspiration, pulmonary edema, postoperative dehydration, and hemorrhage. 3Although complications are infrequent because tonsillectomy is so common, the absolute number of children experiencing tonsillectomy complications is formidable.Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a major source of morbidity following tonsillectomy.Perioperative administration of corticosteroids effectively manages PONV and also results in more rapid resumption of a diet, improved pain control, and decreased airway swelling. 4The benefits
CDK6 as a key regulator of hematopoietic and leukemic stem cell activation
Authors: Ruth Scheicher, Andrea Hoelbl-Kovacic, Florian Bellutti, Anca-Sarmiza Tigan, Michaela Prchal-Murphy, Gerwin Heller, Christine Schneckenleithner, María Salazar-Roa, Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller, Johannes Zuber, Marcos Malumbres, Karoline Kollmann, Veronika Sexl
Journal: Blood (2014)
PARAVALVULAR LEAK OF TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVES: QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS USING CARDIAC MR
Authors: Gareth Crouch, Ajay Sinhal, Jayme Bennetts, Phillip Tully, Darryl Leong, Craig Bradbrook, Amy Penhall, Carmine De Pasquale, Robert Baker, Joseph Selvanayagam
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Organisations call on clinicians to take more control of NHS money
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Clinicians are being offered practical support to help them take more control of NHS money. Without their involvement in managing health services, progress to improve the quality of patient care will be slow, says a joint statement from doctors, nurses, auditors, and the Department of Health.

In his final report from the “next stage review,” the health minister Ara Darzi made improving the quality of care and providing more responsive services for patients a priority, adding that this could be achieved only with strong involvement of local clinicians in the management of the service.

The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, the Audit Commission, the Department of Health, the Healthcare Financial …
Idiopathic neonatal iron storage involving the liver, pancreas, heart, and endocrine and exocrine glands
Authors: Sidney Goldfischer, Harold W. Grotsky, Chung-Ho Chang, Errol L. Berman, Robert R. Richert, Sushama D. Karmarkar, Jacqueline O. Roskamp, Rachel Morecki
Journal: Hepatology (1981)

Autopsy studies of two infants, one a newborn, the other 4 months old, revealed massive amounts of iron in lysosomes of hepatocytes and pancreatic acinar cells. Iron, which had been transported across the placenta, accumulated in the same cell types as in adults with primary and secondary hemochromatosis. Hemosiderin was found in cardiac muscle cells, gastric and intestinal glands, and endocrine and exocrine organs including pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, islets of Langerhans, and sublingual and sweat glands. The liver was the most affected organ and the normal hepatic architecture was replaced by hepatocytes which were arranged in clusters, pseudoacinar structures, and multinucleated giant cells embedded in a collagen matrix. The islets of Langerhans were hyperplastic and hypertrophic. Ten similar cases, in five families, have been described; no patients lived longer than 4 months. Neonatal iron storage disease is clinically and pathologically distinct from Zellweger’s cerebrohepatorenal syndrome and hypermethioninemia (tyrosinemia) neonatal diseases in which large stores of iron are present in hepatocytes. No abnormalities in serum iron, ferritin, or transferrin concentrations were detected in five parents of the affected children.
Letter From an "Angry Student"
Authors: Thomas G. Gutheil
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. David Seegal's commentary (<b>199</b>:31, 1967) on angry students and changes in medical education is timely but somewhat unjust. It is an oversimplification to label as angry students those undergraduates who agitate sincerely and articulately for improvement and reform. Anger is found only as an expression of disappointment. To brand a student as angry is to label him patronizingly as a stereotype at best and a poseur at worst. If a medical school is a student-directed institution, some emotional reaction in place of apathy from the student concerning his education is not at all inappropriate in circumstances that warrant it. Students are surprisingly aware of the difficulties of teaching well and are most appreciative of teaching skill. Most would wholeheartedly agree, I am sure, with Dr. Seegal's statement that "teaching future teachers to teach" would form an appropriate part of a medical school curriculum, yielding the
Pain in the social animal
Authors: Kenneth D. Craig, Melanie A. Badali
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Human pain experience and expression evolved to serve a range of social functions, including warning others, eliciting care, and influencing interpersonal relationships, as well as to protect from physical danger. Study of the relatively specific, involuntary, and salient facial display of pain permits examination of these roles, extending our appreciation of pain beyond the prevalent narrow focus on somatosensory mechanisms.