tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperglycemia and Plasma Lipid Levels
Authors: Jay M. Sosenko, Jan L. Breslow, Olli S. Miettinen, Kenneth H. Gabbay
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We explored the relation of plasma lipid levels to the degree of blood glucose control in young, insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Levels of total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride, of their lipoprotein subfractions, and of hemoglobin A, and fasting blood glucose were measured repeatedly over a one-year period in 105 patients. Lipid levels were also measured in 74 nondiabetic siblings. Increasingly poor control of diabetes, reflected by levels of hemoglobin A1 or of fasting blood glucose, was associated with statistically significant increases in total cholesterol (P less than or equal to 0.01), total triglyceride (P less than or equal to 0.007), and lipoprotein subfractions except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Diabetic patients in best control had lipid levels similar to those in their nondiabetic siblings. These data on the relation of plasma lipid levels to diabetic control lend credence to the hypothesis that poor control of blood glucose is conducive to accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus.
Alexithymia, Interhemispheric Transfer, and Right Hemispheric Specialization: A Critical Review
Authors: Golnaz Tabibnia, Eran Zaidel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; One neural model of alexithymia relates the condition to poor interhemispheric transfer, while another model associates it with a disturbance in right hemisphere activity. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The available empirical evidence directly relating alexithymia to a deficit in interhemispheric transfer and/or in right hemisphere activity is critically reviewed. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The interhemispheric transfer studies have related alexithymia to a deficit in transfer, but the nature and directionality of the transfer deficit have yet to be determined. Many of the hemispheric specialization studies do not relate alexithymia to a right hemisphere dysfunction. Shortcomings of these studies are reviewed. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The hypothesis that alexithymia is related to a deficit in the right-to-left transfer of emotional information and to a right hemisphere impairment in emotion processing remains to be tested directly and definitively. Suggestions for future research are made.
Book Review Apoptosis and Cancer Therapy: From Cutting-Edge Science to Novel Therapeutic Concepts Edited by Klaus-Michael Debatin and Simone Fulda. 1129 pp., in two volumes, illustrated. Weinheim, Germany, Wiley-VCH, 2006. $565. 3-527-31237-4
Authors: Alex Philchenkov
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)
ISOLATION OF BRUCELLA ABORTUS FROM A HUMAN FETUS
Authors: CHARLES M. CARPENTER
Journal: JAMA (1931)

The pathogenicity of certain strains of<i>Brucella abortus</i>for man has been demonstrated by the comparatively large number of cases of undulant fever reported in current medical literature. Because abortion is the chief manifestation of the disease in those species of domestic animals that are most susceptible to this infection, it has been suspected for a long time that<i>Brucella abortus</i>may be responsible for certain cases of abortion in women. Its habitual occurrence in the reproductive systems of both sexes of domestic animals, especially in placental tissue, must be considered as a gonotropic character of the organism, although few data are available to prove its predilection for the genital tract of man. In the human family<i>Brucella abortus</i>has been isolated from the blood, urine, stools, joints, tonsils, ovaries, and once each from an oviduct and from an epididymis as well as from practically all the parenchymatous tissues at
Dystrophin Delivery to Muscles of mdx Mice Using Lentiviral Vectors Leads to Myogenic Progenitor Targeting and Stable Gene Expression
Authors: En Kimura, Sheng Li, Paul Gregorevic, Brent M Fall, Jeffrey S Chamberlain
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

To explore whether stable transduction of myogenic stem cells using lentiviral vectors could be of benefit for treating dystrophic muscles, we generated vectors expressing a functional microdystrophin/enhanced green fluorescence protein fusion (microDys/eGFP) gene. Lentiviral vector injection into neonatal mdx(4cv) muscles resulted in widespread and stable expression of dystrophin for at least 2 years. This expression resulted in a significant amelioration of muscle pathophysiology as assessed by a variety of histological and functional assays. To assess whether this long-term expression was accompanied by stable transduction of satellite cells, we harvested muscle mononuclear cells 1 year after vector injection. Up to 20% of the cultured myoblast colonies expressed the microDys/eGFP transgene following myotube formation. Furthermore, transplantation of the muscle mononuclear cells into secondary mdx(4cv) recipients showed their ability to regenerate dystrophin-expressing myofibers in vivo. The ability to isolate myogenic cells able to form dystrophin-positive myotubes or myofibers in vitro and in vivo >1 year postinjection indicates that the vectors stably transduced muscle satellite cells, or a progenitor of such cells, in neonatal mdx(4cv) muscles. These studies suggest that integrating lentiviral vectors have potential utility for gene therapy of muscular dystrophy.
Congenital Hiatus Hernia Identified Retrospectively on Pediatric Pertechnetate Imaging
Authors: Suraj J. Amonkar, Anke Raabe, George Rakoczy, Neville B. Wright
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 9-month-old boy, who previously had corrective surgery shortly after birth for congenital ectopic anus, presented with melena. As ectopic gastric mucosa within a Meckel diverticulum was considered a possible source for the bleeding, a technetium-99m pertechnetate scintigram was performed. This was negative, but a congenital hiatus hernia was noted subsequently after confirmation by a barium x-ray and fluoroscopy study. Congenital gastrointestinal malformations are often multiple and all investigations should be examined closely for the possibility of synchronous congenital anomalies.
O47 PEGYLATED INTERFERON-ALPHA INDUCES SUSTAINED TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSE IN LIVER INFILTRATING IMMUNE CELLS BUT NOT IN HEPATOCYTES IN THE LIVER OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: M.T. Dill, Z. Makowska, G. Trincucci, A.J. Gruber, J.E. Vogt, M. Filipowicz, D. Calabrese, I. Krol, D.T. Lau, L. Terracciano, E. van Nimwegen, V. Roth, M.H. Heim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Lighter evenings are linked to more physical activity in children
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Longer evening daylight is associated with a small increase in daily physical activity, a large international observational study has shown. The researchers said that, even though the increase was small in absolute terms, introducing additional daylight saving measures could bring worthwhile public health benefits.

The study, published in the open access International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity , included more than 23 000 children aged 5-16 from nine countries (England, Australia, the United …
Effect of cimetidine on upper gastrointestinal bleeding after renal transplantation.
Authors: C Doherty
Journal: BMJ (1984)

<h3>BACKGROUND:</h3> A lung-protective mechanical ventilation strategy has become the hallmark of ventilation management for patients with acute respiratory failure. However, some patients progress to more severe forms of acute respiratory failure with refractory hypoxemia. In such circumstances, individualized titration of mechanical ventilation according to the patient9s specific respiratory and cardiovascular pathophysiology is desirable. A lung rescue team (LRT) was recently established at our institution to improve the medical care of patients with acute respiratory failure when conventional treatment fails. The aim of this report is to describe the consultation processes, the cardiopulmonary assessment, and the procedures of the LRT. <h3>METHODS:</h3> This was a retrospective review of the LRT management of patients with acute respiratory failure and refractory hypoxemia at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. The LRT is composed of a critical care physician, the ICU respiratory therapist on duty, the ICU nurse on duty, and 2 critical care fellows. In the LRT approach, respiratory mechanics are evaluated through lung recruitment maneuvers and decremental PEEP trials by means of 3 tools: esophageal manometry, echocardiography, and electrical impedance tomography lung imaging. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> The LRT was consulted 89 times from 2014 to 2019 for evaluation and management of severely critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure and refractory hypoxemia on mechanical ventilation. The LRT was requested a median of 2 (interquartile range 1–6) d after intubation to optimize mechanical ventilation and to titrate PEEP in 77 (86%) subjects, to manage ventilation in 8 (9%) subjects on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and to manage weaning strategy from mechanical ventilation in 4 (5%) subjects. The LRT found consolidations with atelectasis responsive to recruitment maneuvers in 79% (<i>n</i> = 70) of consultations. The LRT findings translated into a change of care in 81% (<i>n</i> = 72) of subjects. <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> The LRT individualized the management of severe acute respiratory failure. The LRT consultations were shown to be effective, safe, and efficient, with an impact on decision-making in the ICU.
Peripheral nerve regeneration with sustained release of poly(phosphoester) microencapsulated nerve growth factor within nerve guide conduits
Authors: Xiaoyun Xu, Woon-Chee Yee, Peter Y.K Hwang, Hanry Yu, Andrew C.A Wan, Shujun Gao, Kum-Loong Boon, Hai-Quan Mao, Kam W Leong, Shu Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
Studies within Studies
Authors: Ronald L. Koretz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 April 1992Studies within StudiesRonald L. Koretz, MDRonald L. Koretz, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-8-698_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Drs. Toto and colleagues (1) recently described eight patients who had reversible renal insufficiency that was attributed to the use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. They noted that these eight patients were identified during a randomized trial, which was annotated as their reference 9 (2). They further noted that three of the eight cases had been partially reported in their reference 10 (3).They described the randomized trial: seventy-three patients were treated with various antihypertensive agents and were randomized to receive an angiotensin-converting inhibitor or a placebo. Reference 9, however, appears to report a different randomized trial....References1. TotoMitchellLeeMilamPettinger RHHCW. Reversible renal insufficiency due to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:513-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. PettingerLeeReischMitchell WHJH. Long-term improvement in renal function after short-term strict blood pressure control in hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Hypertension. 1989;13:766-72. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. PettingerMitchellLeeRedman WHHH. Pseudo renal artery stenosis (PRAS) syndrome. Am J Hypertens. 1989;2:349-51. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. PettingerLeeReischMitchell WHJH. Long-term improvement in renal function after short-term strict blood pressure control in hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Hypertension. 1989;13:766-72. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. TotoMitchellLeeMilamPettinger RHHCW. Reversible renal insufficiency due to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:513-8. LinkGoogle Scholar3. PettingerMitchellLeeRedman WHHH. Pseudo renal artery stenosis (PRAS) syndrome. Am J Hypertens. 1989;2:349-51. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: UCLA School of Medicine Sylmar, CA 91342-1495 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1992Volume 116, Issue 8Page: 698-698KeywordsAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitorRandomized trials Issue Published: 15 April 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Five Cases of Pigmentary Retinopathy Associated with Thioridazine Administration
Authors: VARANT HAGOPIAN, DOUGLAS B. STRATTON, ROBERT D. BUSIEK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

Out of a population of about 2,200 patients at Boston State Hospital in September and October of 1963, 164 patients were being treated with thioridazine. As a result of ophthalmological examination, five cases of pigmentary retinopathy were discovered in a group of eight patients who were receiving dosages of more than 1800 mg. of thioridazine and no changes were observed in those patients who received less. The five patients all presented marked chronic mental disturbances such as one is unlikely to encounter in the community. Possibly because of their confusion and disorientation, they were unable to report any subjective symptoms which they may have been experiencing, such as brownished coloration of vision and diminution of night vision. The five patients who exhibited retinal changes had been treated with thioridazine for 15 days, one month, six months, six months, and ten months respectively. All five patients had received large doses of other medications prior to the administration of thioridazine, and the possibility of cumulative or additive effects has not been ruled out.
Effects of a protein meal, intraduodenal HCl, and oleic acid on portal and peripheral venous secretin and on pancreatic bicarbonate secretion.
Authors: G Boden, R M Wilson, N Essa-Koumar, O E Owen
Journal: Gut (1978)

We have studied the effect of a protein meal on secretin (IRS) concentration in dogs and humans using a radioimmunoassay of improved sensitivity (8 pg/ml). After a meal, pancreatic bicarbonate secretion (PBS) increased markedly and proximal duodenal pH decreased from 6.2 to 4.3. Portal and peripheral IRS concentrations, however, remained unchanged in eight dogs and five patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Similarly, an alkaline solution of sodium oleate (pH 9.2) stimulated PBS but not IRS. Intraduodenal administration of various amounts of HCl in dogs demonstrated that acid-stimulated PBS was invariably accompanied by rises in peripheral venous IRS concentration. We conclude that the postprandial stimulation of PBS involves mechanisms more complex than acid-stimulated secretin release.
Long-term effects of percutaneous transcatheter laser balloon ablation (PTLBA) from the canine coronary sinus
Authors: C.D. Sehuger, L. McMath, G. Abrams, J.R. Spears, D. Boldea, R.T. Steinman, M.D. Meissner, M.H. Lehmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Hydrosoluble medicated nail lacquers: <i>in vitro</i> drug permeation and corresponding antimycotic activity
Authors: D. Monti, L. Saccomani, P. Chetoni, S. Burgalassi, S. Senesi, E. Ghelardi, F. Mailland
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Two nail lacquers, containing ciclopirox (CPX) or amorolfine (MRF), based on water-insoluble polymers are currently considered mainstays of topical treatment of onychomycosis. The present study aimed at evaluating the antimycotic activity of a new water-soluble nail lacquer containing CPX (CPX/sol), easily removable by washing with water and applicable to periungual skin.To compare transungual permeation of CPX with that of MRF in the same hydroxypropyl chitosan-based nail lacquer (MRF/sol) and with a nonwater-soluble reference (Loceryl); Galderma International, La Défense, France), and to evaluate the antimycotic activity of CPX/sol and Loceryl against the most common fungal strains that cause onychomycosis. Methods In vitro drug permeation experiments with CPX/sol, MRF/sol and Loceryl were carried out through bovine hoof slices. Experimental permeates from CPX/sol and Loceryl underwent in vitro susceptibility testing against clinical isolates of dermatophytes, moulds and yeast. Results MRF transungual flux from MRF/sol lacquer was significantly higher when compared with Loceryl. CPX was able to permeate hoof membranes more easily compared with MRF. CPX and MRF concentrations in the subungual fluids collected after application of CPX/sol or Loceryl were sufficient to inhibit fungal growth, with the exception of Candida parapsilosis. Smaller amounts of fluid containing CPX were required for complete inhibition of fungal growth. Efficacy index values were significantly higher for CPX/sol. Conclusions Application of the CPX/sol nail lacquer allows rapid nail penetration of CPX, providing CPX levels sufficient to inhibit fungal growth for a prolonged period of time (30 h) after application of lacquer dose. CPX/sol nail lacquer appeared superior to the market reference Loceryl in terms of both vehicle (hydroxypropyl chitosan) and active ingredient (CPX) as witnessed by its higher efficacy on all nail pathogens.
Isolation and characterization of a light chain variable region gene for human rheumatoid factors.
Authors: P P Chen, D L Robbins, F R Jirik, T J Kipps, D A Carson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

Previously, we isolated a Vk gene (Humkv325) from a human placenta that encodes RF light chains bearing the PSL2 and PSL3 CRI markers. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a second human Vk gene (Humkv328) that can be used for RF synthesis. This Vk gene probably encodes at least two 6B6.6 CRI+ RF light chains (Les and Pom) from unrelated subjects, and thus may be related to the light chain-associated 6B6.6 CRI.
Positional Hypoxemia in Unilateral Lung Disease
Authors: Carlos Remolina, Arif U. Khan, Teodoro V. Santiago, Norman H. Edelman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

BODY position may affect gas exchange by altering the matching of ventilation to perfusion within the lungs.1 2 3 In normal subjects breathing normally, both blood flow and ventilation are greater in the dependent lung zones. When subjects breathe deeply so that lung volume falls below that present at the end of normal expiration, the nondependent lung zones are preferentially ventilated.4 These considerations may assume clinical importance in unilateral lung disease, in which alterations in lung volume and regional perfusion complicate the predictability of the gravitational effects on gas exchange.5 We have encountered positionally related cardiac arrhythmias and dyspnea induced by lying . . .
Cytokine-induced venodilatation in humans in vivo: eNOS masquerading as iNOS
Authors: K Bhagat
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: Venodilatation is a feature of endotoxaemia and sepsis. We have tested directly the hypothesis that three cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6) generated during endotoxaemia affect venous tone in humans in vivo by increasing NO generation and explored whether the NO comes from the iNOS or eNOS isoform. Design and intervention: Cytokines were given into a superficial vein in very low doses sufficient only to produce changes in the study vessel. The effects of cytokines on the response to noradrenaline were examined. Results: IL-1β increased basal NO-induced dilatation in the study vein, and this was sufficient to attenuate the constrictor response to exogenous noradrenaline or sympathetic stimulation. The effects were maximal at 6 h and both NG-monomethyl-l-arginine and aminoguanidine caused significant reversal of the IL-1β effects. However, no induction of iNOS mRNA was detected in the tissue samples. Instead, mRNA encoding eNOS and GTP cyclohydrolase-1 was detected in all vessels. Conclusion: The simplest explanation of these results is that IL-1β induces expression of GTP cyclohydrolase-1 which leads to increased generation of BH4 and activation of eNOS. This study identifies IL-1β as a key cytokine causing physiologically significant venodilatation in humans by increasing NO generation and suggests that this can occur even in the absence of iNOS expression.
Most trusts will not meet chlamydia screening target
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2007)

the consultant pathologist whose failure to disclose the results of micro biological tests on one of Sally Clark's two baby sons led to the quashing of her murder convictions, lost his High Court appeal last week against a finding of serious professional misconduct.Mrs Clark was convicted in 1999 of kill ing babies Christopher and Harry but was cleared on appeal in 2003 after spending three and a half years in prison.She died earlier this year at the age of 42.A coroner ruled this week that the cause of her death was acute alcohol intoxication.A General Medical Council fitness to practise panel found Dr Williams, aged 58, guilty of serious professional misconduct in 2005 for not disclosing the results of tests on her second son, Harry, at or before her trial.Dr Williams was banned from doing Home Office forensic pathology or coro ners' work for three years, although he was allowed to continue working as a consult ant histopathologist at Macclesfield General Hospital, in Cheshire.His lawyers appealed on a range of issues, including delays in bringing his case before the GMC.But Mr Justice Davis ruled last week, "In my judg ment this appeal fails on essentially every ground advanced.There was no procedural unfairness giving rise to injustice; nor were the findings and conclusions of the panel wrong."Mrs Clark was cleared after a second appeal, when previously unreported micro biological results came to light.They showed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus at eight sites of the baby's body, including cerebro spinal fluid, raising the possibility that Harry died from natural causes.Dr Williams told the GMC panel that he had not considered the tests to be relevant and that if the defence had wished to see them, they should have asked for them. Court upholds GMC decision over Sally Clark case pathologistUK NEWS Charity warns of proposed restrictions to asylum seekers' access to care, p 1012 World NEWS �erck to pay ���n in rofeco�i� claims, p 1011 �erck to pay ���n in rofeco�i� claims, p 1011 , p 1011 �mj.com �o�ernment may lea�e some patients out of 1�� week tar�et �o�ernment may lea�e some patients out of 1�� week tar�et
Photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
Authors: Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska, Hubert van den Bergh, Michel Sickenberg, Adrian H.C. Koh
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2013)

The first effective therapy for exudative macular degeneration (AMD) was Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). Diagnosis of the disease was to a large extent by fluorescein angiography (FA). Distinguishing between the leaky choroidal neovessels (CNV) associated with exudative AMD, and the polypoidal structures associated with Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (PCV) is not always easy using FA alone. The switch to Indocyanine Green angiography helped to pinpoint PCV, and thus to study the efficacy of photodynamic therapy of this particular form of retinal disease, which is more frequently encountered among pigmented individuals. The results appear to be quite promising, and in the year following treatment only a small fraction of the patients had to be retreated. Alternatively, treating PCV with repeated intravitreal VEGF blocking agents was not as successful as it was in the treatment of wet AMD. However, combining PDT-induced angio-occlusion of the polypoidal lesions with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy was shown to be quite effective, and the combination of PDT with an anti-angiogenic agent as well as a steroid, in a triple therapy, was recently also shown to be a quite promising option. In the present article we review the data on PDT of PCV, including combination therapies and alternative treatments. We also report on similarities and differences between AMD and PCV.