tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Book Review Diseases of the Nervous System in Childhood (Clinics in Developmental Medicine. No. 115/118.) by Jean Aicardi, with three contributors. 1408 pp., illustrated. London, MacKeith Press, 1992. $155. (Distributed in the U.S. by Cambridge University Press, New York.) 0-521-41273-0
Authors: Isabelle Rapin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
Comparison of amount of biomedical research originating from the European Union and the United States
Authors: Elpidoforos S Soteriades, Matthew E Falagas
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To examine and compare the research productivity of the European Union, the four "candidate" countries (those currently waiting to join the EU), and the United States in several fields of biomedical sciences. <b>Design</b> A retrospective observational study—bibliometric analysis. <b>Data sources</b> Manuscripts published by authors from each country separately and from each group of countries for the period 1994 to 2004 and included in the Essential Science Indicators database of the Institute of Scientific Information. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Number of published articles and number of citations, adjusted for gross domestic product and population size. <b>Results</b> 1 485 749 articles were published by authors from the EU compared with 1 356 805 from the US. The research productivity of the first 15 countries to join the EU, adjusted for population, was lower (76%) than that of the US—and even lower (66%) when the 10 newest EU countries were included in the analysis. <b>Conclusion</b> The newest EU members and the EU candidate countries need further help and resources to increase their productivity, thereby improving the productivity of the EU as a whole.
Communicating With Deaf Patients
Authors: Steven J. Kulback
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —Drs Ebert and Heckerling 1 discussed the use of a paid interpreter with deaf patients. I can tell you in a nutshell why physicians are not using paid interpreters to see their deaf patients. For a level II visit for a deaf patient who has Medicare, total reimbursement in my geographic area is only $26.46. An interpreter costs $25 per hour with a 1-hour minimum. With an office overhead of a little over 50%, I lose money every time I see that patient.  The Americans With Disabilities Act is another example of an unfunded government mandate. Until Medicare pays for the cost of a paid interpreter, physicians are not going to be willing to use interpreters, or perhaps to even see deaf patients. Legislation designed to improve access to medical care for the handicapped may instead further limit their choices of physicians who will agree to see
Clinical Application of Hyperbaric Oxygen: Proceedings of the First International Congress, Amsterdam, September 1963
Authors: Sanford A. Franzblau
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This decade is witnessing a revived interest in the clinical application of the breathing of oxygen and various gas mixtures at increased pressure, an interest rekindled by developments in fields which appear, at least superficially, to be unrelated. SCUBA diving (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus); use of caissons with compressed air, for working under water; pressurized cabins for high-altitude airplanes; the problems of rapid decompression encountered in escaping from submarines, all bear on this modality of treatment. The spark setting off the current boom came from Amsterdam, where, in 1956. the surgeon Boerema used a technique of drenching patients, in a pressurized tank, with oxygen at three atmospheres of pressure, prior to interrupting the circulation for cardiac and vascular surgery. He and Brummelkamp applied the same technique to cases of gas gangrene in 1960 with startling success. The present book represents a compilation of the talks given at the First International
Abstract P3-10-34: HER2 Testing by FISH: Discordance between HER2 Signals Per Cell and HER2:CEP 17 Ratio
Authors: SM Dintzis, KH Allison, RA. Schmidt
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: HER2 gene amplification status may be tested by FISH using either HER2 signals per cell or HER2:CEP17 ratio. Established HER2 testing CAP/ASCO reporting guidelines allow for interpretation and reporting using either method. Both methods classify cases as amplified, not amplified or equivocal yet the two methods may yield different interpretations for the same case. We analyzed a large dataset to quantify concordance between these two testing and reporting methodologies. Materials and Methods: We collected individual cell HER2 and CEP17 counts in 32,116 tumor cells from 1329 consecutive breast cancer cases. Data from Excel counting sheets were imported to a SQL Server database for analysis and statistics; histograms and analyses were also performed in Excel. We specifically computed concordances between methods for HER2 signals per cell and HER2:CEP17 ratio reporting. Results: Concordance between HER2 signals per cell and HER2:CEP17 ratio case averages was 89.8%. Most discordances involved cases classified as equivocal by either method. 7.8% of cases reported by HER2 signals per cell and 4.0% of cases reported by HER2:CEP17 ratio were classified as equivocal. 1% of cases were amplified by one method and not amplified by the other. Discussion: This very large dataset shows that HER2 FISH reporting by established CAP/ASCO guidelines is generally concordant between the two testing methods. However, a substantial number of cases are discordant and patient treatment could vary depending on reporting criteria used. These results indicate the need for reporting by both methods to prevent missing patients who could potentially benefit from HER2 targeted therapy. Further study is necessary to determine the most clinically relevant reporting method and criteria. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-10-34.
The effect of topical indomethacin on ultraviolet-radiation-induced erythema
Authors: S.H. IBBOTSON, B.L. DIFFEY, P.M. FARR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Indomethacin inhibits UVB erythema but is thought not to influence UVA erythema. We have examined the wavelength dependence of the effect of indomethacin on ultraviolet radiation (UVR) erythema. Duplicate sites on the back were irradiated with a series of doses at 300 and 320 nm, or single doses at 330, 340, 350 or 370 nm. Indomethacin 1% was applied to sites on one side of the back after irradiation, occluded for 2h and erythema measured at 24h with a reflectance instrument. Indomethacin inhibited 300 and 320 nm (UVB) erythema, had no effect at 330 and 340 nm (UVA2), but augmented 350 and 370 nm (UVA1) erythema. There appears to be a varied response of UVR erythema to cyclo-oxygenase inhibition at different wavelengths across the UVR spectrum. This mechanism may be deranged in certain photosensitive disorders.
T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Syndrome Associated with Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Virus
Authors: SAMUEL BRODER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus is a unique family of T-cell tropic, human, type-C retroviruses. The discovery of this class of retroviruses provides the first proven link between retroviruses and cancer in humans. This virus is endemic in certain parts of the world, including the southeastern United States, and is associated with the development of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, a fulminant lymphoproliferative disorder frequently accompanied by opportunistic infections and hypercalcemia. Over the last few years, major advances have been made in understanding the clinical, epidemiologic, molecular biologic, and immunologic features of this unique class of human RNA tumor viruses.
Searching for SNPs with cloud computing
Authors: Ben Langmead, Michael C Schatz, Jimmy Lin, Mihai Pop, Steven L Salzberg
Journal: Genome biology (2009)

Abstract As DNA sequencing outpaces improvements in computer speed, there is a critical need to accelerate tasks like alignment and SNP calling. Crossbow is a cloud-computing software tool that combines the aligner Bowtie and the SNP caller SOAPsnp. Executing in parallel using Hadoop, Crossbow analyzes data comprising 38-fold coverage of the human genome in three hours using a 320-CPU cluster rented from a cloud computing service for about $85. Crossbow is available from http://bowtie-bio.sourceforge.net/crossbow/ .
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision: DSM-IV-TR Quick Reference to the Diagnostic Criteria from DSM-IV-TR
Authors: C. C. Bell
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Time to scrap creatinine clearance?
Authors: B. Smith, J. Tobias
Journal: BMJ (1986)

new glomerular filtration rate may be calculated using the direct linear relation between glomerular filtration rate and the reciprocal of the plasma creatinine.This approach would prevent errors arising from the interpretation of the plasma creatinine value alone by the application of an inappropriate reference range but allows changes in renal function to be noticed promptly so that treatment may be started.Recent developments in enzymatic methods for measuring plasma creatinine concentrations are claimed to offer improved reproducibility, par- ticularly for values within the present reference range (coefficient of variation 3-3% at 67 pmol/l (0-76 mg/100 ml)3), and reduced non-specific interference from ketone bodies, antibiotics, etc.Although these methods are not yet widely used in the near future they may, in conjunction with more complete reference data, enable plasma creatnine values to be interpreted more reliably, particularly those within the present normal range.Until then a balanced approach to assessing renal function using plasma creatinine concentrations, supplemented with clearance measure- ments when indicated, would be appropriate.
Short-term Influences of Lung Volume Reduction Surgery on the Diaphragm in Emphysematous Hamsters
Authors: Michael I. Lewis, Mario Fournier, Xiaoyu Da, Hongmei Li, Zab Mosenifar, Robert J. McKenna, Arthur H. Cohen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

With emphysema, diaphragm length adaptation results in shortened fibers. We hypothesize that passive diaphragm stretch occurring acutely after lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) results in fiber injury. Bilateral LVRS was performed in emphysematous hamsters. Studies were performed 1 (D1) and 4 (D4) days after LVRS, and compared with sham-treated groups. Sarcolemmal rupture was evident in 10.9% of fibers in LVRS-D1 and reduced to 1.6% in LVRS-D4. Ultrastructural analysis revealed focal abnormalities in both LVRS-D1 and LVRS-D4 animals in over one-third of fibers. Myofibrillar disruption was not observed in sham-treated animals. Diaphragm insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was increased in LVRS-D4 compared with other emphysematous groups. Increased IGF-I immunoreactivity was localized to types IIA and I fibers. The abundance of the splice variant of IGF-I mRNA sensitive to muscle stretch (IGF-IEb) increased 3.2-fold in LVRS D-4 diaphragms, compared with emphysema-sham animals. The main form of IGF-I mRNA was unchanged. Marked force deficit was observed in the LVRS-D1 diaphragm, compared with emphysema-sham and emphysema (no surgery) animals. These data highlight a markedly compromised ventilatory pump acutely after LVRS. Acute fiber stretch predisposes to muscle fiber injury and may also be a necessary mechanotransductive stimulus for fiber remodeling as the diaphragm adapts to reduced lung volume.
ORGANIZATION OF WOMAN'S AUXILIARY TO THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
Authors: H. L. D. Kirkham
Journal: JAMA (1923)

To the Editor:  —Since the last session of the American Medical Association, when the organization of a Woman's Auxiliary of the American Medical Association was authorized, it has been gratifying to note the progress made. Several states have been organized and are on a working basis. Many others are in the process of organization, having given favorable opinions, so that by the time of the San Francisco session, it is hoped there will be a large number of states organized, with delegates and representatives in attendance.  The Woman's Auxiliary of the American Medical Association is no longer a dream, but a realized entity, and it is felt that if all the states knew that the others were endorsing and furthering the movement, some prejudices could be removed on the ground that it is an experiment, for such is far from the case.  This means is taken to give any state,
Serotonin and the Carcinoid Syndrome.
Authors: A. Sjoerdsma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Serotonin and the Carcinoid Syndrome.A. Sjoerdsma, M.D., Ph.D.A. Sjoerdsma, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-678_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe association of a variety of signs and symptoms with excess serotonin production by metastatic carcinoid tumors is now well established. Following consideration of the classic forms of the disorder, recently recognized clinical and chemical variations as well as current status of therapy are discussed. Subjects covered include: (1) carcinoids of bronchial origin; (2) tumors producing 5-hydroxytryptophan; (3) pathogenesis of flushing; (4) curable forms; and (5) chemo therapeutic approaches.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: A. Sjoerdsma, M.D., Ph.D.Affiliations: Bethesda, Md. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 678-678KeywordsCarcinoid tumorMetastatic tumorsPathogenesisSerotoninSigns and symptoms ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Novel Incentive System for Faculty in an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Terry L. Brandt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

The need to contain health care costs has led some physicians to become salaried employees of health care organizations. However, the use of nonfinancial incentives for physicians in such an environment has not been broadly explored. The authors describe a novel incentive system that is designed to promote continuing high-quality care and to increase patient access to health care while enhancing clinical and academic productivity and physician satisfaction. Key components of this system include annual targets, flexibility in meeting these targets, and ability to convert clinical productivity generated in excess of what was necessary to meet the target to support scholarly activities. This system led to increased faculty productivity, improved patient access, enhanced scholarly activity, and overall enhanced career satisfaction.
IL-15 protects NKT cells from inhibition by tumor-associated macrophages and enhances antimetastatic activity
Authors: Daofeng Liu, Liping Song, Jie Wei, Amy N. Courtney, Xiuhua Gao, Ekaterina Marinova, Linjie Guo, Andras Heczey, Shahab Asgharzadeh, Eugene Kim, Gianpietro Dotti, Leonid S. Metelitsa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Vα24-invariant NKT cells inhibit tumor growth by targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Tumor progression therefore requires that TAMs evade NKT cell activity through yet-unknown mechanisms. Here we report that a subset of cells in neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines and primary tumors expresses membrane-bound TNF-α (mbTNF-α). These proinflammatory tumor cells induced production of the chemokine CCL20 from TAMs via activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, an effect that was amplified in hypoxia. Flow cytometry analyses of human primary NB tumors revealed selective accumulation of CCL20 in TAMs. Neutralization of the chemokine inhibited in vitro migration of NKT cells toward tumor-conditioned hypoxic monocytes and localization of NKT cells to NB grafts in mice. We also found that hypoxia impaired NKT cell viability and function. Thus, CCL20-producing TAMs served as a hypoxic trap for tumor-infiltrating NKT cells. IL-15 protected antigen-activated NKT cells from hypoxia, and transgenic expression of IL-15 in adoptively transferred NKT cells dramatically enhanced their antimetastatic activity in mice. Thus, tumor-induced chemokine production in hypoxic TAMs and consequent chemoattraction and inhibition of NKT cells represents a mechanism of immune escape that can be reversed by adoptive immunotherapy with IL-15-transduced NKT cells.
Safety and effects of two red blood cell transfusion strategies in pediatric cardiac surgery patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: D. H. de Gast-Bakker, R. B. P. de Wilde, M. G. Hazekamp, V. Sojak, J. J. Zwaginga, R. Wolterbeek, E. de Jonge, B. J. Gesink-van der Veer
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
GE-30 * OLIGOASTROCYTOMA DOES NOT EXIST: IN-SITU MOLECULAR GENETICS FAVORS CLASSIFICATION AS EITHER OLIGODENDROGLIOMA OR ASTROCYTOMA
Authors: F. Sahm, D. Reuss, C. Koelsche, D. Capper, J. Schittenhelm, S. Heim, C. Herold-Mende, W. Wick, W. Mueller, C. Hartmann, W. Paulus, A. von Deimling
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma are histologically and genetically well-defined entities. The majority of astrocytomas harbor concurrent TP53 and ATRX mutations while most oligodendrogliomas carry the 1p/19q co-deletion. Both entities share high frequencies of IDH mutations. In contrast, oligoastrocytomas (OA) appear less clearly defined and, therefore, there is an ongoing debate whether these tumors indeed constitute an entity or whether they represent a mixed bag containing both, astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. We investigated 43 OA diagnosed in different institutions employing histology, immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization addressing the molecular genetic markers IDH1R132H, TP53, ATRX and 1p/19q loss. In all but one OA the combination of nuclear p53 accumulation and ATRX loss was mutually exclusive with 1p/19q co-deletion. In 31/43 OA only alterations typical for oligodendroglioma were observed while in 11/43 OA only indicators typical for astrocytomas were detected. A single case exhibited both, nuclear expression of p53, ATRX loss, IDH1 mutation and 1p/19q loss. However, this was the only patient undergoing radiotherapy prior to surgery, possibly resulting in acquisition of this uncommon combination. In fact, evaluation of the initial lesion demonstrated retained ATRX expression and no p53 upregulation. In OA with oligodendroglioma typical alterations, the portions corresponding to astrocytic part were determined as reactive (harbouring none of the alterations), while in OA with astrocytoma typical alterations the portions corresponding to oligodendroglial differentiation were neoplastic (harbouring identical alterations as the histologically astrocytic part). These data provide strong evidence against the existence of an independent OA entity. (under revision for Acta Neuopathologica)
AKT activation promotes PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome–associated cataract development
Authors: Caterina Sellitto, Leping Li, Junyuan Gao, Michael L. Robinson, Richard Z. Lin, Richard T. Mathias, Thomas W. White
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Mutations in the human phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene cause PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), which includes cataract development among its diverse clinical pathologies. Currently, it is not known whether cataract formation in PHTS patients is secondary to other systemic problems, or the result of the loss of a critical function of PTEN within the lens. We generated a mouse line with a lens-specific deletion of Pten (PTEN KO) and identified a regulatory function for PTEN in lens ion transport. Specific loss of PTEN in the lens resulted in cataract. PTEN KO lenses exhibited a progressive age-related increase in intracellular hydrostatic pressure, along with, increased intracellular sodium concentrations, and reduced Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Collectively, these defects lead to lens swelling, opacities and ultimately organ rupture. Activation of AKT was highly elevated in PTEN KO lenses compared to WT mice. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of AKT restored normal Na+/K+-ATPase activity in primary cultured lens cells and reduced lens pressure in intact lenses from PTEN KO animals. These findings identify a direct role for PTEN in the regulation of lens ion transport through an AKT-dependent modulation of Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and provide a new animal model to investigate cataract development in PHTS patients.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Postinfarction Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Steven A. Rothman, Henry H. Hsia, Sergio F. Cossú, I. Lisa Chmielewski, Alfred E. Buxton, John M. Miller
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation is effective therapy for monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients without structural heart disease. In patients with postinfarction VT; however, this procedure has been used predominantly as adjunctive therapy, targeting only the patient’s clinically documented arrhythmia. By targeting all inducible, sustained VT morphologies, we sought to determine the utility of RF catheter ablation as a primary cure in patients who present with hemodynamically tolerated VT. Methods and Results RF ablation was attempted in 35 patients with a previous myocardial infarction and recurrent, hemodynamically tolerated VT. A mean of 3.9±2.7 VTs were induced per patient (range, 1 to 10). The clinically documented arrhythmia was successfully ablated in 30 of 35 patients (86%), and on follow-up electrophysiological testing, 11 patients had no inducible VT and were discharged without other therapy. Nineteen patients had inducible “nonclinical” arrhythmias on follow-up testing, and the majority underwent cardiac defibrillator implantation. Freedom from recurrent arrhythmias, including sudden death, was 91% in patients without inducible VT and 53% in patients with persistently inducible “nonclinical” arrhythmias ( P &lt;.05; mean follow-up, 17±12 and 12±11 months, respectively). Conclusions In patients with well-tolerated VT, RF catheter ablation may be useful as a primary cure if no other ventricular arrhythmias are inducible on follow-up testing. Ablation of all hemodynamically tolerated arrhythmias should be attempted in patients with multiple inducible VT morphologies because of the high rate of recurrence of unablated VTs in these patients.