tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human cells from cloned embryos in research and therapy
Authors: Ian Wilmut
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Current methods of cloning are repeatable but remain inefficient 

The recent report of the derivation of stem cells from a cloned human embryo takes a small, butsignificant, step towards revolutionary new opportunities in biology and medicine.1 By developing these techniques it will become possible to study human genetic diseases in entirely new ways, before in the longer term such cells may be used in the treatment of human disease. However, much remains to be learned about the techniques that are required before these opportunities can be realised. Furthermore, as with all new technical developments, experience will be needed to learn how such cells should best be used.

The procedure that was used in the Korean experiment was essentially the same as that used to produce Dolly, the cloned sheep.2 During a series of trialsa total of 30 of the 242 cloned embryos developed normally for six days to reach the blastocyst stage before attempts were made to derive embryo stem cells.1 Cells were isolated from 20 of these embryos, and from these one stable cell line was derived. As would be expected of embryo stem cells, they had the ability to grow for a prolonged period in culture and to form other cell types. …
Bence Jones proteins bind to a common peptide segment of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein to promote heterotypic aggregation.
Authors: Z Q Huang, K A Kirk, K G Connelly, P W Sanders
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Bence Jones proteins (BJPs) are the major pathogenic factor causing cast nephropathy ("myeloma kidney") by coaggregation with Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP). Understanding the interaction between these proteins is therefore important in developing treatment strategies to prevent renal failure from cast formation in multiple myeloma. We developed an enzyme-linked immunoassay to examine this phenomenon. Five different human BJPs (four kappa and one lambda immunoglobulin light chains) were used in this assay that demonstrated these proteins bound THP with different affinity. BJPs competed among themselves for binding to THP. The binding site was a peptide portion of THP since these proteins also bound deglycosylated THP. Also, one monoclonal antibody directed against a peptide segment of human THP prevented binding of THP to BJPs. By altering the conformation of THP, reducing agents decreased binding between these two proteins in concentration-dependent fashion. In turbidity studies, the monoclonal antibody that prevented binding and a reducing agent, dithiothreitol, decreased coaggregation. Deglycosylated THP did not coaggregate with BJPs. We concluded that ionic interaction between BJPs and a specific peptide binding site on THP promoted heterotypic coaggregation. The carbohydrate moiety of THP was also essential for coaggregation, perhaps by facilitating homotypic aggregation of THP.
Monoethylglicinexylidide test: A prognostic indicator of survival in cirrhosis
Authors: Arrigo Arrigoni, Tiziana Gindro, Giuseppe Aimo, Nazario Cappello, Andrea Meloni, Paolo Benedetti, Gian Paolo Molino, Giorgio Verme, Mario Rizzetto
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The aim of this study was to assess the value of the monoethylglicinexylidide assay, a dynamic liver function test based on the determination of the serum concentration of lidocaine major metabolite, as a predictor of survival in cirrhosis. For this purpose, the predictive value of monoethylglicinexylidide was evaluated in comparison with the Pugh score, ascites, encephalopathy and a number of different biochemical parameters as collected from the prospective follow-up of 118 patients with cirrhosis. A stepwise regression analysis was performed on the variables of prognostic value according to the Cox model and with respect to 1-yr survival; because Pugh score and monoethylglicinexylidide were the sole variables selected, they were proved to supply independent prognostic information. The most reliable cutoff values for discrimination between death and survival were 25 ng/ml or less for monoethylglicinexylidide and less than 9 for the Pugh score. In 74 patients without overt signs of liver failure (i.e., Pugh < or = 9), monoethylglicinexylidide provided a wide range of results (i.e., 4 to 77 ng/ml), namely values ranging from very low to elevated. Of the 38 patients with satisfactory Pugh scores (< or = 9) but poor monoethylglicinexylidide values (< or = 25), 11 died during follow-up and 3 underwent liver transplantation, despite having shown no clinical signs of liver failure at entry. On the bases of discriminant levels, the monoethylglicinexylidide test is suitable for adoption as a reliable and sensitive indicator of survival in patients with cirrhosis because it supplies more accurate prognostic information compared with the Pugh score.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Urine eosinophil protein X (EPX) is an <i>in vitro</i> parameter of inflammation in atopic dermatitis of the adult age
Authors: K. Breuer, A. Kapp, T. Werfel
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Eosinophils are important effector cells in several atopic diseases. The levels of eosinophil granule-derived mediators (ECP, EPX) in serum and body fluids have been proven to be correlated with disease activity in atopic respiratory diseases and atopic dermatitis. The study aimed to demonstrate an interrelationship between urine EPX and disease activity in adult patients with atopic dermatitis.We determined urine EPX concentration, serum ECP concentration, and peripheral blood eosinophil count in 40 adult patients with mild to severe atopic dermatitis and compared it with the disease activity as assessed with the SCORAD index.Urine EPX and serum ECP concentrations were significantly higher in patients with severe atopic dermatitis than in patients with mild or moderate disease (median values 123.5 vs 78.3 microg/mmol creatinine, P<0.0001; 25.4 vs 14.9 microg/l, P<0.0001, respectively). We found a significant correlation between urine EPX levels, serum ECP levels, and the SCORAD (r=0.36, P<0.0001 and 0.34, P<0.0001, respectively).Urine EPX is a useful in vitro parameter of inflammation in atopic dermatitis of the adult age.
Cost of Medical Care in a Practice of Internal Medicine
Authors: CARL B. LYLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Ambulatory and hospital charges generated in 1972 by a group of seven internists rendering comprehensive primary care to more than 17 000 patients are presented. Gross billings for ambulatory services in 1972 totaled $889 801. Charges for 970 patients admitted to the hospital were $771 204. Services by extended-care facilities increased the cost by $40 378. The mean total health care cost generated by each physician was $243 054. The cost generated by each physician-patient encounter averaged $40 and varied among the physicians from $34 to $43. Gross annual per-capita cost of hospital and office care for their patients varied among the physicians from $69 to $137—a difference of almost 100%. The problems that might be encountered by such a group in changing from a fee-for-service to a prepayment reimbursement plan are considered.
Healthcare Informatics and Information Synthesis
Authors: Thomas R. Yackel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Medical Writings: Book Notes15 July 2003Healthcare Informatics and Information SynthesisThomas R. Yackel, MD, MPH, MSThomas R. Yackel, MD, MPH, MSDivision of Medical Informatics and Outcomes Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-2-200307150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Williamson JW, Weir CR, Turner CW, Lincoln MJ, Cofrin KM. 673 pages. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; 2002. $89.95. ISBN 0761908242. Order phone 800-818-7243.Field of medicine: Outcomes research.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Health care professionals who are interested in producing systematic reviews of research for clinicians and for those involved in quality improvement.Purpose: To help both nonexpert and experienced health literature reviewers produce more relevant, valid, and immediately applicable systematic reviews for improving health care outcomes.Content: This book provides step-by-step instructions for authors of systematic literature reviews. The first section begins with a thorough and detailed discussion on ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Medical Informatics and Outcomes Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 2003Volume 139, Issue 2Page: 156KeywordsDatabasesHealth careHealth informaticsInformation retrievalInternetQuality improvementSoftware toolsStatistical methodsSystematic reviews ePublished: 15 July 2003 Issue Published: 15 July 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Urinary leukotriene E<sub>4</sub>, eosinophil protein X, and nasal eosinophil cationic protein are not associated with respiratory symptoms in 1‐year‐old children
Authors: C. Wojnarowski, G. Halmerbauer, E. Mayatepek, C. Gartner, T. Frischer, J. Forster, J. Kuehr
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Eosinophilic airways inflammation forms the pathophysiologic basis for a proportion of children at risk of developing recurrent wheezing. Early preventive measures and/or anti‐inflammatory treatment may be guided by the identification of such children. We aimed to study the relationship between respiratory symptoms and indirect markers of airway inflammation. Methods: We measured eosinophil protein X (EPX) and leukotriene E 4 (LTE 4 ) in urine, as well as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in nasal lavages, in a random sample of 1‐year‐old children with a family history of atopy who participated in an international multicenter study on the prevention of allergy in Europe. For urine analyses, 10 children with upper respiratory illness and 19 healthy children without a family history of atopy were also enrolled. Endogenous urinary LTE 4 was separated by HPLC and determined by enzyme immunoassay with a specific antibody. The concentrations of nasal ECP and urinary EPX were determined by RIA analysis. Results: One hundred and ten children (mean age: 1.05±0.1 years) were enrolled. Prolonged coughing during the first year of life was reported in 29 children, wheezy breathing in 17 children, and dry skin in 33 children. A doctor's diagnosis of wheezy bronchitis was given to 17 children. Sensitization to dust mites (specific IgE ≥1.43 ML/units) was detected in two children. Children with a doctor's diagnosis of atopic dermatitis within the first 12 months of life ( n =6) had significantly higher urinary EPX than children without this (66.7 vs 30.1 µg/mmol creatinine, P =0.01). Urinary excretion of EPX and LTE 4 showed a weak correlation ( r =0.22, P =0.02). There were no significant differences in urinary excretion of EPX and LTE 4 or nasal ECP between children with and without respiratory symptoms ( P &gt;0.1). Conclusions: At the age of 1 year, urinary EPX is increased in children with atopic dermatitis. With regard to respiratory symptoms, urinary and nasal inflammatory parameters are not helpful in characterizing the phenotype of a single patient.
GM AND INV FACTORS IN SUBCLASSES OF HUMAN I<scp>G</scp>G
Authors: William D. Terry, John L. Fahey, Arthur G. Steinberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

Human G myeloma (7S gamma(2)-myeloma) proteins were investigated for relationships between Gm and Inv genetic factors and the different antigenic types of heavy polypeptide chains (gamma-chains) and light polypeptide chains. Myeloma proteins were isolated from the sera of 1 Chinese, 60 white and 28 Negro individuals. These 89 proteins were tested for eight Gm factors [Gm(a), Gm(x), Gm(b(2)), Gm(f), Gm(b(1)), Gm(b(3)), Gm(b(4)), and Gm(c)], and two Inv factors [Inv(l) and Inv(b)]. Results of the tests were correlated with the four gamma-chain subclasses (gamma(2a), gamma(2b), gamma(2c) and gamma(2d)) and the two types of light polypeptide chains, kappa-chains (type K or I) and lambda-chains (type L or II) found in human IgG molecules. 1. Gm factors were limited to myeloma proteins with heavy polypeptide chains of the gamma(2b)- and gamma(2c)-subclasses. No Gm factors were detected on gamma(2a)- and gamma(2d)-myeloma proteins or on a "heavy-chain" disease protein of subclass gamma(2d). 2. gamma(2b)-Proteins were positive for at least one Gm factor and were either Gm(a+), Gm(a + x+), or Gm(b(2)+ f+). 3. gamma(2c)-Myeloma proteins, and one gamma(2c)-"heavy-chain" disease protein, were positive for at least one Gm factor and contained various combinations of factors Gm(b(1)), (b(2)), (b(4)), and (c). Myeloma proteins from 3 Negroes were included in this group. 4. Inv factors (l) and (b) were limited to myeloma proteins with kappa-light polypeptide chains. These Inv factors were not detected on proteins with lambda-light polypeptide chains. 5. Most (70 per cent) of the gamma(2b)- and gamma(2c)-proteins with kappa-chains were Inv(l+) or Inv(b+). None of the gamma(2a)- or gamma(2d)-proteins with kappa-chains, however, contained these Inv factors.
Abstract 2381: ApoStreamtm, an antibody independent platform, captures circulating tumor cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Andrew Poklepovic, John D. Roberts, Maria Quigley, Vladislava Melnikova, Jacky Woo, Weigou Wu, Darren Davis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Biopsies of HCC can be technically difficult, given the vascular nature of the liver and underlying liver disease. Many HCC patients do not get biopsies, and molecular characterization of these tumors is not possible. Capture of CTCs from blood allows for analysis of cancer cells in metastatic dissemination. The use of EpCAM-based enrichment platforms limits the type of tumor cells that can be recovered, as it selects only for cells which express the antigen of interest. Nonselective methods of CTC analysis are needed. An ongoing study is evaluating the recovery of CTCs in HCC patients with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) using the novel antibody-independent ApoStream™ platform, which utilizes the principle of dielectrophoretic field-flow fractionation to position cells in a hydrodynamic flow profile for sorting. Paired blood samples from HCC patients were analyzed by CellSearch and ApoStream™. Collected cells were immunophenotyped using antibodies against Cytokeratin (CK), CD45, DAPI, and AFP, and analyzed by quantitative laser scanning cytometry. In comparison with the CellSearch platform, ApoStream™ isolated higher number of CK+/CD45-/DAPI+ CTCs in HCC cancer patients. A majority of the CK+/CD45-/DAPI+ CTCs enriched by the ApoStream™ platform (62-98%) were AFP+. ApoStreamTM also isolated AFP+, putative CTCs with the CK-/CD45-/DAPI+ phenotype (9-85 cells), and cells with CK+/CD45+/DAPI+ phenotype (1-978 cells). Conclusion: The ApoStreamTM CTC enrichment platform successfully isolated a greater number of CTCs from HCC patients. ApoStream™ CTC analysis is also being used for pharmacodynamic analysis in an ongoing phase I study of the combination of sorafenib and vorinostat in patients with advanced HCC. In preclinical models, the combination synergistically induces tumor cell death through activation of CD95. In this study, CTC analysis will compare the expression of CD95 and other markers prior to and after drug combination exposure. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2381. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2381
Giant Omphalocele
Authors: Mark M. Ravitch
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE OPERATION devised by Gross, in 1948, has made it possible to save the lives of many infants with enormous omphaloceles, in whom a primary closure of the abdominal wall in all of its layers is out of the question. Pointing out that forceful approximation of the widely separated recti resulted in intolerable increase in intra-abdominal pressure and abrupt elevation of the diaphragms to the point of fatal respiratory embarrassment, Gross<sup>1</sup>suggested wide undermining of the abdominal skin, which was then drawn over the intact amniotic membrane of the omphalocele. A large ventral hernia was thus produced, and in most children the coelom, in the course of succeeding months, enlarged to accommodate the displaced viscera, sometimes aided by gradual compression with a binder. However, it has not always been easy, in the patients with the larger omphaloceles, to complete the closure of the abdominal wall at a second stage,
Inhibition by Aspirin of Release of Antiheparin Activity from Human Platelets
Authors: A. H. Youssef, P. Barkhan
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Both in vitro and in vivo, aspirin inhibited the adenosine diphosphate and collagen-induced release of platelet factor 4 (antiheparin factor). The release induced by adrenaline and thrombin was not affected. The in-vivo effect in normal persons lasted for at least three days. Platelet uptake of acetyl-(14)C-aspirin was significantly greater than that of carboxyl-(14)C-aspirin.
Squamous Carcinoma of the Lung Metastases to the Patella
Authors: Helin Feng, Huan Li, Jin Wang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jiangang Feng
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

We report a case of a 65-year-old man with newly diagnosed squamous carcinoma of the lung, who presented with worsening left-knee pain. A bone scintigraphy displayed an increased radioactivity in the left patella. The patient underwent left patellectomy. Histopathological examination revealed metastasis to the patella from the known lung cancer.
Training General Practitioners in Psychotherapy
Authors: M. Balint
Journal: BMJ (1954)

MEDICAL JOURNALi every person consulting the doctor, or seven for every ten consultations.At least one certificate was given for every 4.5 consultations, and only about half of them were for official purposes.Referrals were at the rate of 35 per 100 persons in the year, and most of these patients were referred only once.The elderly male patients with a referral rate of 57 per 100 persons were referred most often.We wish to thank Mr. L. Moss, the director, Mr. J. E. Fothergill, and Mr. D. Marshall, of the Social Survey, for doing the tabulating for us.
Localized granuloma annulare and autoimmune thyroiditis in adult women: A case-control study
Authors: F. Vázquez-López, M. Pereiro, J.A.Manjón Haces, M.A.González López, T.Soler Sánchez, T.Fernández Coto, N.Pérez Oliva, J. Toribio
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
Home Dialysis-5 Years' Experience.
Authors: G. L. Bailey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Home Dialysis-5 Years' Experience.G. L. Bailey, M.D., C. L. Hampers, M.D., J. P. Merrill, M.D., F.A.C.P.G. L. Bailey, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, C. L. Hampers, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. P. Merrill, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-803_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe first home dialysis program was instituted at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, in December 1963. Since that time our experience has included 55 patients, 5 of whom are in training and 50 of whom have been dialyzed at home for periods of from 1 month to 5 years. This represents 492 patient months and a total of 5,566 dialyses at home utilizing the twin-coil artificial kidney. Age range of patients is from 15 to 70 years. Twenty-eight are currently in the home, 12 have undergone transplantation, and 10 have died. Evolution of this program has been accompanied by... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: G. L. Bailey, M.D.; C. L. Hampers, M.D.; J. P. Merrill, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Boston, Mass. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5 Page: 803-803 Keywords Kidneys Medical dialysis Transplantation ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Ornithine decarboxylase as a marker for premalignancy in the stomach.
Authors: S E Patchett, E M Alstead, L Butruk, K Przytulski, M J Farthing
Journal: Gut (1995)

Assessment of mucosal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in the human large bowel may be of value as a marker of potential malignant risk. Its value as a marker of premalignancy in the upper gastrointestinal tract is less clear. Using a [14C]-ornithine bioassay, gastric mucosal ODC activity was measured in 32 normal subjects and 22 patients with confirmed gastric cancer. These results were compared with 47 patients at increased risk of upper gastrointestinal malignancy, (32 patients with partial gastric resection, 15 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis). Median ODC activity in normal subjects was 371 pmol/mg protein/h, (interquartile range (IQR), 230-617). There was no variation with age or sex and no relation to Helicobacter pylori status. Normal subjects had significantly lower ODC activity than patients with a gastric resection or confirmed gastric cancer, but similar to patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Furthermore, no difference in activity was identified between patients with a gastric resection and established gastric cancer. ODC activity was, however, significantly increased in areas of gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia, regardless of the clinical group from which the samples were obtained. It is concluded that measurement of mucosal ODC activity does not provide additional predictive information of malignant risk in the stomach and investigation of other potential biomarkers of malignancy is warranted.
NICE supports allowing technology assessment bodies to provide advice to drug industry
Authors: Carole Longson, Nick Crabb, Leeza Osipenko
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We read, with much astonishment, the article by Wise claiming that “selling” scientific advice procedures enables institutional capture by drug companies.1 The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) strongly supports the development of processes for the provision of parallel scientific advice between the European Medicines Agency and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) bodies to the developers of medicinal products.

The provision of scientific advice to …
The City Doctor.
Authors: John A. Cutter
Journal: JAMA (1895)

New York, July 23,1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —What you wrote recently about the large polyclinics is true. The urban physician has usually a large hustle to keep things going. The subject of hospitals cutting off thousands of dollars of legitimate practice ought to be more earnestly aired. In this, I am not a sinner for I do no hospital work. I once had charge of a small dispensary of the Medical Missionary Society, and while the work was among the very poor, some frauds would creep in. Dr. David Webster, the associate of the late Dr. C. R. Agnew, once told me that he would rather examine a case in his office for a dollar, than for nothing in the dispensary. So having sent him cases that have paid his usual fee for examination, $10, I have also sent him the dollar ones. The profession has deliberately prostituted itself into