tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P160Neutrophils modulate healing after myocardial infarction
Authors: M Horckmans, M Drechsler, C Weber, O Sohnlein, S Steffens
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Neutrophils contribute to tissue damage after acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, but their role in infarct healing is less well understood. Because neutrophil-derived granule proteins mediate classical monocyte recruitment in acute inflammation, we hypothesized that neutrophil depletion during the acute inflammatory phase will improve infarct healing by reducing the proinflammatory monocyte response in the heart. Methods and results: In a mouse model of permanent coronary ligation, neutrophil depletion did not affect infarct size (n=5) nor survival (n=35), but decreased blood monocytes and lymphocytes 1 to 7 days post infarction (p<0.05; n=5). This was paralleled by reduced numbers of Ly6Chigh monocytes in the heart, whereas the percentage of Ly6Clow monocytes increased (p<0.05; n=5). Conversely, the number of Ly6Chigh monocytes in the spleen increased, suggesting a reduced mobilization. The CD4+ T lymphocyte accumulation in the heart was delayed in neutrophil depleted mice, peaking after 14 days instead of 7 days post infarction in the control group (p<0.05; n=4). The subtype analysis revealed 50% less IFNγ-secreting Th1 cells in the heart and 2-fold higher numbers of FoxP3-expressing CD4+CD25+ T cells in neutrophil depleted mice (p<0.05; n=4). We further assessed the effect of neutrophils on healing and scar formation by immunohistochemistry. Our preliminary data suggest increased angiogenesis and fibrosis, evidenced by higher numbers of CD31-stained microvessels, α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts and collagen in infarct areas of neutrophil depleted mice 7 to 14 days post-infarction (n=5). Surprisingly, the functional assessment using echocardiography revealed significant decrease of cardiac function (i.e. decreased stroke volume and cardiac output; p<0.05; n=4), probably due to excessive fibrosis and thus stiffness of the heart. Conclusions: Our data indicate that neutrophils are involved in the regulation of inflammatory cell (i.e. monocyte/macrophage and lymphocyte) responses after myocardial infarction. In this context, neutrophils could represent a key regulator in adverse remodeling by fine-tuning the balance between inflammation and reparative state.
Can drug compliance in the elderly be improved?
Authors: I Wandless, J W Davie
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Three instruction schemes for self-medication in older patients were designed and compared to see whether they improved drug compliance. Forty-six patients in two rehabilitation units were divided into three different groups. Each group was instructed verbally on the nature and amount of their medication. One group was also given a tear-off calendar and a second group a tablet identification card as a memory aid. Patients were then responsible for taking their own medicine for 14 days. Those with calendars made fewer errors than those with cards, and those with either a card or a calendar made significantly fewer errors than those given only standard instructions.
Incidence of breast cancer falls with less HRT use, Canadian study confirms
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women in Canada has fallen as their use of combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has decreased, shows a study published on 23 September.

The publication in 2002 of results from the Women’s Health Initiative—showing that long term use of combined HRT was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer—led to major reductions in its use, followed by a decrease in the incidence of breast cancer in several countries ( BMJ 2009;338:b2116, doi:10.1136/bmj.b2116).

The new study analysed data from several Canadian registries and a national health survey of women aged 50-69 years to see …
Exogenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine recovers the decreased PC biosynthesis induced by thioacetamide in rat liver
Authors: J. Osade, H. Aylages, M.J.Miró Obradors, A. Fdez-Sénchez, J.L. Morillo, E. Palacios-Atazi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
TCT-545 The impact of sirolimus-eluting stent and evelolimus-eluting stent on the in-stent restenosis and stent fracture; evaluating peri-stent contrast staining lesions after drug-eluting stent implantation
Authors: Tahei Ichinohe, Kazushige Kadota, Haruki Eguchi, Seiji Habara, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Takeshi Tada, Yasushi Fuku, Naoki Oka, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Satoki Fujii, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Measurement of Serum Procalcitonin
Authors: Donald M. Yealy, Michael J. Fine
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disparity in Cancer Statistics Changing
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FDA advisers warn: COX 2 inhibitors increase risk of heart attack and stroke
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

After three days of deliberation an advisory panel to the US Food and Drug Administration decided that the widely used cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) inhibitors rofecoxib (Vioxx), celecoxib (Celebrex), and valdecoxib (Bextra) all carry serious risks of heart attack and stroke and recommended that the FDA demand that the drugs carry “black box” warnings. But the panel did not recommend that the drugs be withdrawn from the market.

The panel was convened after Merck voluntarily withdrew rofecoxib (Vioxx) from the market on 30 September ( BMJ 2004;329: 816, 9 Oct) when it was found that the drug doubles the risk of heart attacks and strokes in patients who take it for 18 months or longer.

US media coverage of the panel's findings has been criticised by Dr Alastair Wood, the panel's chairman and associate dean at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville. He said that the coverage was distorted because it focused on the fact that the panel had not recommended the drugs' withdrawal rather than on its finding of an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.

He said, “The general outcome [of the hearings] was greatly overrated in the US press. Two drugs were recommended for removal from the market by almost 50% of the …
EU to tighten rules on vitamin pills
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The European Union is preparing to introduce legislation to harmonise national rules on food supplements and provide a consistent level of consumer protection for people taking these extra minerals and vitamins.

The proposal was approved by the European parliament last week, despite earlier claims that the move could lead to the removal of scores of nutrient substances that are commonly sold in supermarkets and health food stores. Supporters of the move, including consumer groups and …
Galactosamine Hepatitis, Endotoxemia, and Lactulose
Authors: Hendrina Van Vugt, Jacobus Van Gool, Lambert L.M. Thomas
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

Studies by Liehr et al. suggest that endotoxins are important in the pathogenesis of galactosamine hepatitis (Gal-N hepatitis) in rats. Lactulose (9.1 gm per kg per day) prevents hepatic lesions induced by Gal-N; an antiendotoxin effect of lactulose is postulated. However, commercial preparations of lactulose are contaminated with galactose, which shows a competitive action to Gal-N. To analyze the effect of galactose, male Wistar rats were pretreated with lactulose (Duphalac, 9.1 gm per kg per day) and given Gal-N (375 mg per kg i.p.). After 24 hr, serum was analyzed for glutamic pyruvate transaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities. Pretreatment with Duphalac, even 1 hr before Gal-N, abolished toxicity. Duphalac contains 10 gm galactose per 100 ml. Galactose was given in a similar concentration and similar inhibition occurred. Pretreatment with purified lactulose (9.1 gm per kg for 5 days) diminished the effects of Gal-N but did not normalize enzyme concentrations. Because small doses of galactose (80 and 300 mg per kg) showed similar inhibitory effects, we conclude that the protective effect of commercial lactulose preparations is mainly due to galactose contamination and not to an antiendotoxin effect.
ON A DYSENTERY ANTITOXIN
Authors: C. Todd
Journal: BMJ (1903)

After four days of the icebag it was only one-sixth, and two days later there was only a trace of albumen present.One more case may be related which will show how useful the application of ice may be in a very severe case of nephritis:H. V., aged 3 years and ro months, was admitted into the Hospital for Sick Children on November gth, I9O0, having suffered from head- -ache, shivering, repeated vomiting for seven days, swollen face for six days, and bloody urine for two days.On admission he was pale and very restless, with a furred tongue, and temperature of 102.80.No ;urine at all was passed that afternoon and evening.He vomited once.November Ioth.-Urine 2 oz., very smoky, contains blood, albu- -nen = J.No casts.Vomited three times.November rith.-Hot-airbath, followed by two leeches over each kidney.Hot-water bottles were placed in the bed, and two icebags ,were applied over the kidneys.Urine about 4 oz.(not all saved).Vomited five times.In the evening the icebags were removed for four hours.Another hot-air bath was given.The icebags were afterwards replaced -and kept in position all the night.November 12th.-Temperature 1010to 102.20.Urine about 5 oz.Vomit- -ing troublesome.Rectal feeding adopted.November :3th.-Child has been very drowsy since admission and irestless.Very restless in the evening.Restlessness was increased by the hot-air bath.Temperature rose in the afternoon to 1040, and a patch of dullness was found at the right base, with slight pleural fric- 'tion.An icebag was placed over the right base as well as over the kidneys.Four hours later the temperature had fallen from 1040 to 1020, the pulse from 128 to Ioo, and the respirations from 50 to 40.The -child had been sleeping a good deal.It was observed that he was much less restless while the icebags were in position, and became more rest- less when they were removed.Urine now contains a few hyaline and corpuscular casts and abundant red cells.November 14th.-Totalurine yesterday 59 oz., albumen .Still vomits anything but barley water; retains nutrients.Temperature r00.30, ,pulse 0OO, respirations 36.November I35th.-Morethan ro oz. of urine yesterday.Friction at right base now not audible, but slight dullness remains.He is now taking malted milk by the mouth and does not vomit.November x6th.-Better.Takes more interest in his surroundings.More than 13 Oz. of urine yesterday.November 17th.-Lastevening the temperature rose to I0540, and the amount of 'urine fell to 8 oz.November i8th.-Urine yesterday only 5 oz.Temperature I02.80.November rgth.-Urine yesterday more than 6 oz.November 20th.-More urine, g oz. and some wet beds.The tempera- ture fell.last evening to 97.60, and the icebags were removed for eight hours; when they were reapplied it was I00.20; at 6 p.m. it was normal.'Urine conlains less blood and shows few red blood cells, but many leucocytes with abundant epithelial and granular casts.November 2Ist.-Goodamount of urine.Icebags left oft at night, butTeplaced during the daytime.November 25th.-Urine in fair amount; albumen much less.Icebags discontinued altogether, after fourteen days' use.
SYPHILIS FROM DENTAL INSTRUMENTS.
Authors: WILLIAM L. BAUM
Journal: JAMA (1900)

My interest was particularly attracted by experience with the following cases: <h3>Case 1.</h3> —On Oct. 9, 1896, there appeared at my office a young man, 28 years of age, who came to consult me about a peculiar skin eruption which had caused him much annoyance, not because of any irritation at the site of the lesions, but rather because of the consequent disfiguration. He gave the following history: He was an American; had been practicing dentistry for four years; was married and the father of two children; had never suffered from any serious disease, and had never had a skin eruption before; there was no history of gonorrhea or chancre. The present eruption occurred about two weeks previously in the form of small red blotches, erythematous in appearance. It was accompanied with violent headache and a feeling of general debility. Since then small papules appeared on the chest, back, face,
Enhanced c-Met activity promotes G-CSF–induced mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells via ROS signaling
Authors: Melania Tesio, Karin Golan, Simona Corso, Silvia Giordano, Amir Schajnovitz, Yaron Vagima, Shoham Shivtiel, Alexander Kalinkovich, Luisa Caione, Loretta Gammaitoni, Elisa Laurenti, Eike C. Buss, Elias Shezen, Tomer Itkin, Orit Kollet, Isabelle Petit, Andreas Trumpp, James Christensen, Massimo Aglietta, Wanda Piacibello, Tsvee Lapidot
Journal: Blood (2010)
Uric Acid–Induced C-Reactive Protein Expression
Authors: Duk-Hee Kang, Sung-Kwang Park, In-Kyu Lee, Richard J. Johnson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Recent experimental and human studies have shown that hyperuricemia is associated with hypertension, systemic inflammation, and cardiovascular disease mediated by endothelial dysfunction and pathologic vascular remodeling. Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) have emerged as one of the most powerful independent predictors of cardiovascular disease. In addition to being a marker of inflammation, recent evidence suggests that CRP may participate directly in the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease. For investigating whether uric acid (UA)-induced inflammatory reaction and vascular remodeling is related to CRP, the UA-induced expression of CRP in human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was examined, as well as the pathogenetic role of CRP in vascular remodeling. It is interesting that HVSMC and HUVEC expressed CRP mRNA and protein constitutively, revealing that vascular cells are another source of CRP production. UA (6 to 12 mg/dl) upregulated CRP mRNA expression in HVSMC and HUVEC with a concomitant increase in CRP release into cell culture media. Inhibition of p38 or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 44/42 significantly suppressed UA-induced CRP expression, implicating these pathways in the response to UA. UA stimulated HVSMC proliferation whereas UA inhibited serum-induced proliferation of HUVEC assessed by 3H-thymidine uptake and cell counting, which was attenuated by co-incubation with probenecid, the organic anion transport inhibitor, suggesting that entry of UA into cells is responsible for CRP expression. UA also increased HVSMC migration and inhibited HUVEC migration. In HUVEC, UA reduced nitric oxide (NO) release. Treatment of vascular cells with anti-CRP antibody revealed a reversal of the effect of UA on cell proliferation and migration in HVSMC and NO release in HUVEC, which suggests that CRP expression may be responsible for UA-induced vascular remodeling. This is the first study to show that soluble UA, at physiologic concentrations, has profound effects on human vascular cells. The observation that UA alters the proliferation/migration and NO release of human vascular cells, mediated by the expression of CRP, calls for careful reconsideration of the role of UA in hypertension and vascular disease.
The Deep S Wave in Leads V <sub>1</sub> , V <sub>2</sub> , and V <sub>3</sub> in Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: HERBERT SHUBIN, DAVID C. LEVINSON
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Six patients with mitral stenosis, 3 with pulmonic stenosis, and 1 with pulmonary hypertension are presented. All had isolated right ventricular hypertrophy and all had deep S waves in V 1 , V 2 , or V 3 . In 3 cases the voltage of R in V 1 was less than 0.5 millivolt. In 3 cases R/S ratios in V 1 of less than 1.0 were present. Vectorcardiograms showed characteristic features and illustrated the reasons for the electrocardiographic findings.
Acne vulgaris: proliferative cells in sebaceous glands
Authors: G. PLEWIG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

The proliferative activity of sebaceous glands of uninvolved skin from acne patients was analysed by means of 3H-thymidine autoradiography and by planimetry. Twelve specimens of normal skin from the back (with thirty-five glands) and two specimens from the face (with six glands) were analysed. Labelling indices and planimetric values were determined separately for the two portions within each gland: the differentiating cell pool with germinative cells and large lipid cells; and the undiffer-entiated cell pool with multilayered cells. The germinative cells of the differentiating cell pool on the back and face of patients with acne showed a significantly greater labelling index than in control subjects. The undifferentiated cell pool, although having a higher labelling index than the differentiating cell pool, was similar both in acne patients and in controls. Planimetry confirmed that the sebaceous glands of patients are much larger than those of normal subjects. Therefore, the known increase in sebum excretion in acne patients is a result of two factors—an increase in lipid cell production and an increase in sebaceous gland size.
Abstract 1146: Up-regulation of integrin β4 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and is a novel prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Yohei Masugi, Ken Yamazaki, Katsura Emoto, Kathryn Effendi, Minoru Kitago, Osamu Itano, Yuko Kitagawa, Michiie Sakamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive and lethal malignant tumor. Recent reports have shown that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an essential role in cancer invasion and metastasis. We previously reported that EMT was frequently observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and was related to a high metastatic rate and a poor outcome in patients with PDA (Masugi et al. Hum Pathol. 2010). Further, using cDNA microarray analyses, we identified integrin β4 (ITGB4) as one of the EMT signature genes in 12 patient-derived PDA xenografts. The aim of the current study was to clarify the clinicopathological and functional significance of ITGB4 in PDA. ITGB4 up-regulation in xenografts with high EMT was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical analyses of 134 resected PDAs revealed intratumoral heterogeneity with respect to ITGB4 expression and showed that cancer cells undergoing EMT often display diffuse and intense expression of ITGB4. High levels of ITGB4 expression were significantly correlated with the histological hallmarks of EMT (solitary cell infiltration, reduced E-cadherin expression and increased vimentin expression), the grade, and the presence of lymph node metastasis, and showed an independent prognostic effect. Immunocytochemical analyses of PDA cell lines revealed that the distribution of ITGB4 changed from regions of cell-cell contact to a diffuse presence in cytoplasm with occasional localization in filopodia during EMT. Knockdown of ITGB4 by small interfering RNA reduced the migratory and invasive ability of PDA cells. Overexpression of ITGB4 promoted cell scattering and cell motility in combination with down-regulation of E-cadherin and up-regulation of vimentin expression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the prognostic significance of ITGB4 overexpression in PDA. Moreover, we also identified a potential role for ITGB4 in the regulation of cancer invasion and EMT. Citation Format: Yohei Masugi, Ken Yamazaki, Katsura Emoto, Kathryn Effendi, Minoru Kitago, Osamu Itano, Yuko Kitagawa, Michiie Sakamoto. Up-regulation of integrin β4 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and is a novel prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1146. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1146
Studies on multiple thyroid cell membrane-directed antibodies in Graves' disease.
Authors: M Zakarija, A Garcia, J M McKenzie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Immunoglobulin G was obtained from the serum of a woman who had given birth to three children with a delayed onset of hyperthyroidism; the clinical events were due to the coexistence of thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) and an inhibitor of TSAb in the maternal serum. The current studies explore the possible existence of additional thyroid membrane-directed antibodies. Human thyroid slices, cells in monolayer culture, and functioning rat thyroid cells (FRTL5), with measurement of cyclic AMP concentration, were used for TSAb assays. Assays of the inhibition of binding of 125I-thyrotropin (TSH) to its receptor used human thyroid and FRTL5 cells, and human thyroid and guinea pig fat cell membranes as receptors. All activities were associated with IgG kappa. Fractions of IgG kappa obtained by adsorption to and the desorption from human thyroid and guinea pig fat cell preparations and F(ab')2 and Fab fragments of the parent IgG were tested. Results indicated that there were three activities in the IgG, namely, TSAb; an inhibitor of TSH-binding that was active in all species and preparations tested, and was effective as Fab and F(ab')2 on both particulate and solubilized thyroid membranes; and an enhancer of TSH-binding (e.g., approximately equal to 220% increase in binding) that was relatively specific for human thyroid membranes only in particulate form, was not adsorbed by fat, and was active as F(ab')2, but minimally as Fab. The concept is developed that dilution of the total IgG, experimentally in vitro or by metabolic clearance in vivo in neonates, determines the effect on either thyroid stimulation or TSH-binding. The incidence of such multiple antibodies and their interaction remains to be determined.