tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Functional Importance of the Human Coronary Collateral Circulation
Authors: Richard H. Helfant, Pantel S. Vokonas, Richard Gorlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract To determine the effect of intercoronary collateral vessels on the clinical features of coronary-artery disease, 61 patients with collateral vessels were compared with 58 patients without arteriographically demonstrable collateral vessels. No significant differences existed between the two groups in level of physical activity, duration of angina, frequency of prior myocardial infarction or prevalence of electrocardiographic, hemodynamic and ventriculographic abnormalities. Myocardial ischemia was more prevalent in patients with than in those without collateral vessels as evidenced by a significantly greater frequency of abnormal post-exercise electrocardiograms and myocardial lactate production. The incidence of acute myocardial infarction during the follow-up period was nearly identical in the two groups. Death was less frequent in patients with than in those without collateral vessels, but this observation did not achieve statistical significance. Thus, although collateral vessels do not necess...
ACUTE GONORRHOEA TREATED WITH VACCINES
Authors: E. T. Burke
Journal: BMJ (1918)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Sleep deficiency is a hidden cost of our 24-7 society, with 70% of adults in the US admitting that they routinely obtain insufficient sleep. Further, it is estimated that 50-70 million adults in the US have a sleep disorder. Undiagnosed and untreated sleep disorders are associated with diminished health for the individual and increased costs for the employer. Research has shown that adverse impacts on employees and employers can be mitigated through sleep health education and sleep disorder screening and treatment programs. Smartphone applications (app) are increasingly commonplace and represent promising, scalable modalities for such programs. The dayzz app is a personalized sleep training program that incorporates assessment of sleep disorders and offers a personalized comprehensive sleep improvement solution. Using a sample of day workers affiliated with a large institution of higher education, we will conduct a single-site, parallel-group, randomized, waitlist control trial. Participants will be randomly assigned to either use the dayzz app throughout the study or receive the dayzz app at the end of the study. We will collect data on feasibility and acceptability of the dayzz app; employee sleep, including sleep behavioral changes, sleep duration, regularity, and quality; employee presenteeism, absenteeism, and performance; employee mood; adverse and safety outcomes; and healthcare utilization on a monthly basis throughout the study, as well as collect more granular daily data from the employee during pre-specified intervals. Our results will illuminate whether a personalized smartphone app is a viable approach for improving employee sleep, health, and productivity.
Protective effects of exogenous secretin on ceruletide-induced acute pancreatitis in the rat.
Authors: I G Renner, J R Wisner, H Rinderknecht
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Unconscious rats given intravenous ceruletide (diethylamine salt of the decapeptide caerulein) in large pharmacologic doses consistently developed moderate acute pancreatitis by 3 h and florid pancreatitis by 6 h. Biochemical serum markers of acute pancreatitis tended to parallel the severity of the pancreatic damage. In 50% of the rats, mesenteric fat necrosis was present, free peritoneal fluid containing massive elevations of trypsinogen and amylase were noted in most animals. Intravenous secretion at a low dose given simultaneously with ceruletide exerted a variable protective effect on the pathological process. A high dose of secretin produced a striking macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical protective effect on ceruletide-induced pancreatitis. High resolution light microscopy and electron microscopy showed a marked cellular disorganization in the acini of animals treated with ceruletide alone. By contrast, there was a striking apical redirection of zymogen granules in acini of the animals treated with secretin. The results of this study suggest that high dose intravenous secretin may exert a beneficial effect on acute pancreatitis.
Edward R. Woodward, MD
Authors: Ucilia Wang
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In vivo efficacy of microbiota-sensitive coatings for colon targeting: A promising tool for IBD therapy
Authors: Y. Karrout, L. Dubuquoy, C. Piveteau, F. Siepmann, E. Moussa, D. Wils, T. Beghyn, C. Neut, M.-P. Flament, L. Guerin-Deremaux, L. Dubreuil, B. Deprez, P. Desreumaux, J. Siepmann
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
How Useful Are Screening Tests?
Authors: Aaron E. Carroll
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Recently,bioethicistEzekielEmanuel, MD, PhD, MSc, of the University of Pennsylvania, stirred up some controversybysuggesting in theNewYorkTimes that yearly checkups are a waste of time (http://nyti.ms/193cv6J). As part of his argument, he cited a Cochrane Collaboration systematic review that concluded that general health checkups do not reducemortality.Given that thesevisits cancostbillionsof dollars a year, he argued that they were an unnecessary extravagance (http://bit.ly /1DRmyXw). Many have countered in recent weeks, though, that mortality is a poor choice for outcomes in such an evaluation. After all, many good things can come out of checkups beyond a decrease inmortality. Helping patients avoid death is not the only thing physic ians try to do when they see patients. Moreover, the way our health care system is set up, yearly examinations are often where screening occurs. There are relatively few other opportunities to check healthypeople fordiseasesordisorders that could affect them.Many of these screening opportunities are recommended by the UnitedStatesPreventiveServicesTaskForce (USPSFT).
Mutations in dynamin 2 cause dominant centronuclear myopathy
Authors: Marc Bitoun, Svetlana Maugenre, Pierre-Yves Jeannet, Emmanuelle Lacène, Xavier Ferrer, Pascal Laforêt, Jean-Jacques Martin, Jocelyn Laporte, Hanns Lochmüller, Alan H Beggs, Michel Fardeau, Bruno Eymard, Norma B Romero, Pascale Guicheney
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Living With AIDS
Authors: Richard E. Chaisson
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The image of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), for the past 9 years, has been the image of death. The devastation that the AIDS epidemic has wreaked on individuals, families, communities, and nations is imponderable. From the earliest case reports of AIDS,<sup>1-3</sup>the case-fatality rate has been high and survival short. Of the 112 241 persons with AIDS reported to the Centers for Disease Control as of October 31, 1989, fifty-nine percent are known to have died.<sup>4</sup>In a study of the first 505 patients with AIDS in San Francisco, Calif, Bacchetti and coworkers<sup>5</sup>found a median survival of 11 months. Patients diagnosed with<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>pneumonia, the most common AIDS-related opportunistic infection, had a median survival of 10 months, and virtually all had died within 2 years of diagnosis. Survival for other opportunistic infections was shorter, and persons with Kaposi's sarcoma, although initially living longer than other
A POEM a week for the BMJ
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2002)

From now the BMJ will publish every week a POEM—a summary of a valid piece of research that carries information that is important to patients and so to their doctors. Unfortunately most research does not provide information that matters to patients. The POEMs will be published beside Editor's Choice. POEM stands for Patient-Oriented Evidence that Matters, and the concept was developed by David Slawson and Allen Shaughnessy, academics in family practice from University of Virginia in the United States. 1 2 The concept has its origins in a formula developed by Slawson and Shaugnessy: ![Formula][1]</img> where U=usefulness of the information to doctors, R=relevance of the information to doctors, V=validity of the information, and W=work to access the information. In words, the most useful information for doctors is information that is relevant to their practice, valid, and does not take too much work to access. After listening to a presentation by Maria Musoke, a researcher from Uganda, on the usefulness of … [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Equity on both the scientific and the policy agendas
Authors: L. J Gunning-Schepers
Journal: BMJ (1998)

It is time to admit that we need a two pronged approach to equity in health: a scientific and a policy effort. These may not be synchronised and each has to be allowed to run its own course, but they need to happen simultaneously.

On the one hand we are confronted with a teasing scientific problem. Why are social inequalities in health so universal? They show a clear gradient for almost any health indicator by any measure of social position—be it education, income, professional class, or social class—in every country where data have been collected, irrespective of the country's position on income distribution, access to education, regulations on working conditions, social benefits, or social housing policies. Why do health inequalities appear to affect almost all diseases, both the diseases of poverty and the lifestyle related diseases of more affluent societies?

Through which more proximal risk factors do socioeconomic factors affect the occurrence and pathophysiology of …
EUS - experimental and evolving techniques
Authors: A. Fritscher-Ravens
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

In recent years both the utility and the technique of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have become more established in the minds of physicians. It has also become more widely available as more medical centres have added it to their diagnostic repertoire. The development of echoendoscopes with larger accessory channels has opened up the possibility for further developments of new devices and procedures. Needles with larger diameter have become available, which besides obtaining tissue from the target organ, may now also allow the injection of agents or objects into it [1] [2]. These new developments have laid the ground for the evolution of an exiting new dimension of use: EUS-guided surgical therapy.
Genome-wide association analysis identifies six new loci associated with forced vital capacity
Authors: Daan W Loth, María Soler Artigas, Sina A Gharib, Louise V Wain, Nora Franceschini, Beate Koch, Tess D Pottinger, Albert Vernon Smith, Qing Duan, Chris Oldmeadow, Mi Kyeong Lee, David P Strachan, Alan L James, Jennifer E Huffman, Veronique Vitart, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Nicholas J Wareham, Jaakko Kaprio, Xin-Qun Wang, Holly Trochet, Mika Kähönen, Claudia Flexeder, Eva Albrecht, Lorna M Lopez, Kim de Jong, Bharat Thyagarajan, Alexessander Couto Alves, Stefan Enroth, Ernst Omenaas, Peter K Joshi, Tove Fall, Ana Viñuela, Lenore J Launer, Laura R Loehr, Myriam Fornage, Guo Li, Jemma B Wilk, Wenbo Tang, Ani Manichaikul, Lies Lahousse, Tamara B Harris, Kari E North, Alicja R Rudnicka, Jennie Hui, Xiangjun Gu, Thomas Lumley, Alan F Wright, Nicholas D Hastie, Susan Campbell, Rajesh Kumar, Isabelle Pin, Robert A Scott, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Ida Surakka, Yongmei Liu, Elizabeth G Holliday, Holger Schulz, Joachim Heinrich, Gail Davies, Judith M Vonk, Mary Wojczynski, Anneli Pouta, Åsa Johansson, Sarah H Wild, Erik Ingelsson, Fernando Rivadeneira, Henry Völzke, Pirro G Hysi, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Alanna C Morrison, Jerome I Rotter, Wei Gao, Dirkje S Postma, Wendy B White, Stephen S Rich, Albert Hofman, Thor Aspelund, David Couper, Lewis J Smith, Bruce M Psaty, Kurt Lohman, Esteban G Burchard, André G Uitterlinden, Melissa Garcia, Bonnie R Joubert, Wendy L McArdle, A Bill Musk, Nadia Hansel, Susan R Heckbert, Lina Zgaga, Joyce B J van Meurs, Pau Navarro, Igor Rudan, Yeon-Mok Oh, Susan Redline, Deborah L Jarvis, Jing Hua Zhao, Taina Rantanen, George T O'Connor, Samuli Ripatti, Rodney J Scott, Stefan Karrasch, Harald Grallert, Nathan C Gaddis, John M Starr, Cisca Wijmenga, Ryan L Minster, David J Lederer, Juha Pekkanen, Ulf Gyllensten, Harry Campbell, Andrew P Morris, Sven Gläser, Christopher J Hammond, Kristin M Burkart, John Beilby, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Vilmundur Gudnason, Dana B Hancock, O Dale Williams, Ozren Polasek, Tatijana Zemunik, Ivana Kolcic, Marcy F Petrini, Matthias Wjst, Woo Jin Kim, David J Porteous, Generation Scotland, Blair H Smith, Anne Viljanen, Markku Heliövaara, John R Attia, Ian Sayers, Regina Hampel, Christian Gieger, Ian J Deary, H Marike Boezen, Anne Newman, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, James F Wilson, Lars Lind, Bruno H Stricker, Alexander Teumer, Timothy D Spector, Erik Melén, Marjolein J Peters, Leslie A Lange, R Graham Barr, Ken R Bracke, Fien M Verhamme, Joohon Sung, Pieter S Hiemstra, Patricia A Cassano, Akshay Sood, Caroline Hayward, Josée Dupuis, Ian P Hall, Guy G Brusselle, Martin D Tobin, Stephanie J London
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Calciphylaxis in Man
Authors: J. K. H. Rees, G. A. Coles
Journal: BMJ (1969)

A patient with renal failure developed widespread calcification in the thighs after the injection of iron-dextran (Imferon). This is considered as an example of calciphylaxis, a process in which calcium is laid down in parts of the body following the administration of a "challenger." Iron-dextran is a known challenger, and should be used with caution in uraemic subjects, who may be sensitized by high serum parathyroid hormone levels. Contributing factors may have been a high calcium/phosphate product, steroids, and the patient's immobility.
An autopsy case of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease refractory to imatinib
Authors: H. Koiwa, I. Tsujino, D. Ikeda, H. Ohira, M. Tanino, M. Nishimura
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

To the Editors:

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare variant of pulmonary hypertension (PH). PVOD is reportedly refractory to the majority of PH-specific vasodilators; however, a recent case report demonstrated that a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib, markedly improved functional capacity in a patient with PVOD 1. The present case report documents clinical and haemodynamic effects of imatinib in a patient with pathologically confirmed PVOD.

In 2007, a 73-yr-old female experienced progressive exertional dyspnoea and was diagnosed with PH in a community hospital. Diuretics and beraprost (oral prostanoid) were administered to no avail. The patient was referred to Hokkaido University Hospital (Sapporo, Japan) in November 2008. She had never smoked and had no occupational or environmental inhalation history.

Functional capacity was New York Heart Association class III. Blood pressure was 110/65 mmHg, and coarse crackles were present in both lungs. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were within normal range, whereas hepatitis B (HB) surface and HBe antigens were both positive. Serum brain-type natriuretic polypeptide was elevated at 2,456 pg·mL−1, and arterial blood gas analysis showed hypoxaemia (arterial oxygen tension 55.2 mmHg) and hypocapnia (arterial carbon dioxide tension 33.9 mmHg). Chest radiography demonstrated marked cardiomegaly, dilated main pulmonary artery and pulmonary congestion. Echocardiography showed marked right atrial and ventricular enlargement and severe tricuspid regurgitation. Pulmonary function tests revealed normal forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC, whereas diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide ( D L,CO) and D L,CO/alveolar volume ( V A) were markedly reduced: D L,CO 4.16 mL·min−1·mmHg−1, 33.5% of predicted; D L,CO/ V A 1.61 mL·min−1·mmHg−1·L−1, 37.4% pred. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed slight …
COMPARISON OF CHLOROQUINE, QUINACRINE (ATABRINE), AND QUININE IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE ATTACKS OF SPOROZOITE-INDUCED VIV AX MALARIA (CHESSON STRAIN) 1
Authors: Theodore N. Pullman, Branch Craige, Alf S. Alving, C. Merrill Whorton, Ralph Jones, Lillian Eichelberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1948)

C h I o r o q u i n e, 7-chloro-4-(4-diethylamino-lmethyl-butylamino)-quinoline, a synthetic antimalarial agent developed during the war, has proved superior to atabrine and quinine (1).The following investigations were designed to supple- ment other observations in induced malaria and field observations by a study of the relative effec- tiveness of chloroquine, quinacrine, and quinine in the treatment of acute attacks of standardized sporozoite-induced vivax infections. PROCEDURES AND METHODS GeneralDetails of the general procedure and the plan of in- vestigation are reported elsewhere (2).Thirty-nine healthy Caucasian volunteers at Stateville Penitentiary were infected with South Pacific zAvax malaria (Chesson strain) by the bites of ten infected Anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes or by injection of their infected salivary glands.8The Chesson strain (3) was chosen
The CD4+/CD14+HLA-DRlo/neg ratio as a prognostic biomarker in cancer patients
Authors: Allan B Dietz, Michael P Gustafson, Yi Lin, Betsy LaPlant, Courtney J Liwski, Mary L Maas, Stacy C League, Philippe R Bauer, Roshini S Abraham, Matthew K Tollefson, Eugene D Kwon, Dennis A Gastineau
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The immune status of an individual is made up of the absolute number (cells/μl) and relative ratios of each category of immune cells. To determine the extent of similarity of the immune status between individuals across malignancies, we described the immune status using
Outcomes of Critically Ill Cancer Patients in a University Hospital Setting
Authors: JOHN P. KRESS, JEFFREY CHRISTENSON, ANNE S. POHLMAN, DARREN R. LINKIN, JESSE B. HALL
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Critically ill cancer patients constitute a large percentage of admissions to tertiary care medical intensive care units (ICUs). We sought to describe outcomes of such patients, and to evaluate how conditions commonly seen in these patients impact mortality. A total of 348 consecutive medical ICU cancer patients were evaluated. Subgroup comparisons included the three most common cancer types (leukemia, lymphoma, lung cancer), as well as three different treatments/conditions (bone marrow transplant [BMT] versus non-BMT, mechanical ventilation [MV] versus non-MV, neutropenic versus non-neutropenic). There were no mortality differences between patients with leukemia, lymphoma, or lung cancer. By logistic regression, mortality predictors were: MV, hepatic failure, and cardiovascular failure for the group as a whole (41% overall mortality); MV and allogeneic (as compared with autologous) BMT for the BMT group (39% overall mortality); hepatic failure, cardiovascular failure, and persistent acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) for the MV group (67% overall mortality); and MV for the neutropenic group (53% overall mortality). Neutropenia showed no independent association with mortality in the group as a whole or any subgroup analyzed. We conclude that respiratory, hepatic, and cardiovascular failure predict mortality, whereas neutropenia does not. Additionally, we have noted an encouraging improvement in survival in many groups of critically ill cancer patients.
Mechanisms Underlying Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ulrich Hink, Huige Li, Hanke Mollnau, Mathias Oelze, Edi Matheis, Mark Hartmann, Mikhail Skatchkov, Friedrich Thaiss, Rolf A. K. Stahl, Ascan Warnholtz, Thomas Meinertz, Kathy Griendling, David G. Harrison, Ulrich Forstermann, Thomas Munzel
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Abstract —Incubation of endothelial cells in vitro with high concentrations of glucose activates protein kinase C (PKC) and increases nitric oxide synthase (NOS III) gene expression as well as superoxide production. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To address this issue in an in vivo model, diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in rats. Streptozotocin treatment led to endothelial dysfunction and increased vascular superoxide production, as assessed by lucigenin- and coelenterazine-derived chemiluminescence. The bioavailability of vascular nitric oxide (as measured by electron spin resonance) was reduced in diabetic aortas, although expression of endothelial NOS III (mRNA and protein) was markedly increased. NOS inhibition with N G -nitro-L-arginine increased superoxide levels in control vessels but reduced them in diabetic vessels, identifying NOS as a superoxide source. Similarly, we found an activation of the NADPH oxidase and a 7-fold increase in gp91 phox mRNA in diabetic vessels. In vitro PKC inhibition with chelerythrine reduced vascular superoxide in diabetic vessels, whereas it had no effect on superoxide levels in normal vessels. In vivo PKC inhibition with N -benzoyl-staurosporine did not affect glucose levels in diabetic rats but prevented NOS III gene upregulation and NOS-mediated superoxide production, thereby restoring vascular nitric oxide bioavailability and endothelial function. The reduction of superoxide in vitro by chelerythrine and the normalization of NOS III gene expression and reduction of superoxide in vivo by N -benzoyl-staurosporine point to a decisive role of PKC in mediating these phenomena and suggest a therapeutic potential of PKC inhibitors in the prevention or treatment of vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. The full text of this article is available at http://www.circresaha.org.
Propranolol's antimigraine action long term for some
Authors: J. McCann
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal