tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4661: Analysis of DNA adducts: Development of a high-performance analytical platform to meet challenges in human health
Authors: Oliver Johannes Schmitz, Eduard Deibel, Ina Ebersbach
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The outstanding selectivity and sensitivity of the atmospheric pressure laser ionization (APLI), which is a two-photon ionization process, in combination with a mass spectrometric detection, is demonstrated for the analysis of DNA adducts. Preparative HPLC with a HILIC-phase and a fraction sampler was used to separate the polar 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanone (HPB) and 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanol (Diol), which will be formed after acid hydrolysis of the POB- and PHB-DNA adducts. The adducts eluted in the fractions to be analyzed were collected, concentrated to dryness and dissolved in dichloromethane. Then 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine as a base, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as an activator and anthracene-9-yl-methoxyacetic acid as an ionization marker, in analogy to a fluorescence marker, were added, and after several hours at 35 °C the sample was injected into an HPLC-APLI-TOF(MS). With this novel method, only aromatic compounds are ionizable; because the ionization marker of the DNA adducts carries an aromatic group, this allows ionization by the two-photon process. For the first time we have used a new strategy to analyse DNA adducts by HPLC-APLI-TOF(MS) after derivatization with an ionization marker. To demonstrate the utilizability of this method, we analyzed POB and PHB adducts, which are formed by metabolic activation pathways from 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN). In summary, we have demonstrated that the derivatization strategy significantly increases the analytical applicability of APLI-MS and shows new methods for the important DNA adduct analysis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4661. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4661
Rnd3/RhoE Is down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and controls cellular invasion
Authors: Florence Grise, Sandra Sena, Aurélien Bidaud-Meynard, Jessica Baud, Jean-Baptiste Hiriart, Kassem Makki, Nathalie Dugot-Senant, Cathy Staedel, Paulette Bioulac-Sage, Jessica Zucman-Rossi, Jean Rosenbaum, Violaine Moreau
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

We performed a review of public microarray data that revealed a significant down-regulation of Rnd3 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as compared to nontumor liver. Rnd3/RhoE is an atypical RhoGTPase family member because it is always under its active GTP-bound conformation and not sensitive to classical regulators. Rnd3 down-regulation was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 120 independent tumors. Moreover, Rnd3 down-expression was confirmed using immunohistochemistry on tumor sections and western blotting on human tumor and cell-line extracts. Rnd3 expression was significantly lower in invasive tumors with satellite nodules. Overexpression and silencing of Rnd3 in Hep3B cells led to decreased and increased three-dimensional cell motility, respectively. The short interfering RNA-mediated down-regulation of Rnd3 expression induced a loss of E-cadherin at cell-cell junctions that was linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the up-regulation of the zinc finger E-box binding homeobox protein, ZEB2, and the down-regulation of miR-200b and miR-200c. Rnd3 knockdown mediated tumor hepatocyte invasion in a matrix-metalloproteinase–independent, and Rac1-dependent manner. Conclusion: Rnd3 down-regulation provides an invasive advantage to tumor hepatocytes, suggesting that RND3 might represent a metastasis suppressor gene in HCC.
Epidemiologic approaches to assessing human cancer risk from consuming aquatic food resources from chemically contaminated water.
Authors: D Ozonoff, M P Longnecker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Epidemiologic approaches to assessing human cancer risk from consuming fish from contaminated waters must confront the problems of long latency and rarity of the end point (cancer). The latency problem makes determination of diet history more difficult, while the low frequency of cancer as an end point reduces the statistical power of the study. These factors are discussed in relation to the study designs most commonly employed in epidemiology. It is suggested that the use of biomarkers for persistent chemicals may be useful to mitigate the difficulty of determining exposure, while the use of more prevalent and timely end points, such as carcinogen-DNA adducts or oncogene proteins, may make the latency and rarity problems more tractable.
Hormone Excretion Studies of Gynaecomastia of Puberty
Authors: J. W. Jull, J. A. Dossett
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Histoplasmosis in Cyprus-Stoker MEDIBRNAL 795 appeared before the pulmonary infection had completely cleared and was associated with probable histoplasma lymphadenitis.The only characteristic of meningitis caused by this organism appears to be the singular lack of meningeal irritation.The character of the cerebrospinal fluid is not specific, for although the sugar content is usually reduced the various authors have described counts of from 54 to 235 white cells per c.mm. and varying from 100% lymphocytes to 90% neutrophils.It is therefore quite possible that meningeal exudate was present in Case 2.The protean nature of the neurological signs results from the scattered miliary granulomata that usually occur in the brain adjoining the meninges.Further support for the presence of a more severe and chronic histoplasmosis infection in Case 1 is given by the persistence of a positive histoplasmin comple- ment-fixation test after nearly four years.This would be most unusual in an acute pulmonary infection which cleared radio- logically in four months. SummaryPulmonary histoplasmosis occurring in two British subjects resident in Cyprus is reported for the first time from this locality.The illness in both cases followed the visit to a cave where a bat was handled by both patients.It is suggested that the subsequent encephalitis from which one of the patients made a spontaneous recovery was also due to infection by Histoplasma capsulatum.
In Vivo Silencing of the Transcription Factor IRF5 Reprograms the Macrophage Phenotype and Improves Infarct Healing
Authors: Gabriel Courties, Timo Heidt, Matthew Sebas, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Derrick Jeon, Jessica Truelove, Benoit Tricot, Greg Wojtkiewicz, Partha Dutta, Hendrik B. Sager, Anna Borodovsky, Tatiana Novobrantseva, Boris Klebanov, Kevin Fitzgerald, Daniel G. Anderson, Peter Libby, Filip K. Swirski, Ralph Weissleder, Matthias Nahrendorf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
RAISED SERUM LEVELS OF TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR IN PARASITIC INFECTIONS
Authors: Philip Scuderi, KitS. Lam, KennethJ. Ryan, Eskild Petersen, KarenE. Sterling, PaulR. Finley, C.George Ray, DonaldJ. Slymen, SydneyF. Salmon
Journal: The Lancet (1986)
Tattoos and coincidental skin conditions: the example of lymphomatoid papulosis
Authors: N. Kluger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Funding sources: none. Conflicts of interest: none declared. Dear Editor, I read with interest the recent report by Haus et al.1 about a patient who developed two lesions of lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) on the red parts of a tattoo. However, their report deserves a few comments. Many reported pseudolymphomas on tattoos involve T cells or both T and B cells, and are not attributed ‘mainly’ to B cells, as described in the manuscript.2 3 To date, Sangueza et al.4 in 1992 have published the only well‐documented report of the malignant transformation of a T‐cell pseudolymphoma into a monoclonal B‐cell lymphoma related to a chronic tattoo reaction. It is widely accepted that mercury has disappeared from red ink manufacturing.5 Despite withdrawal of mercury, red tattoo reactions, including pseudolymphoma, still occur, raising the question of the culprit component or by‐product leading to such reactions. Beyond the nosological issues that the authors try to discuss (LyP or pseudolymphoma), the present case illustrates an increasingly frequent situation due to the popularity of tattoos, namely the occurrence of coincidental dermatological conditions in tattooed individuals. Indeed, in the vast majority of cases of both pseudolymphoma and other ‘allergic’ reactions, tattoos display either a complete infiltration of the whole culprit colour or an infiltration made by more or less distinct papules or nodules restricted to one colour.2 3 A tattoo ‘allergy’ does not present as one, two or three single lesions on a very little part of the culprit colour. It is hard to conceive that a chronic stimulation of a clonal subset of lymphocytes against a specific component of the colour would be responsible for only an extremely limited reaction on two distant parts of such a wildly coloured area as reported by Haus et al. Besides, despite being rare, localized LyP happens more often among the young.6
Excess HBcAg in HBc antibody–negative chronic hepatitis B virus carriers
Authors: Yamina Lazizi, Pascal Dubreuil, Jacques Pillot
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

HBcAg and antibody to HBcAg were assayed in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers who were not reactive for HBc antibodies on available commercial tests. HBc antibody-negative sera, collected before the onset of the acute phase in recovering patients, were used as controls. A high level of HBcAg was detected in HBc antibody-negative chronic hepatitis B virus carriers after dissociative treatment. HBcAg levels were correlated with serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels. Precipitation of immune complexes increased the amount of detected HBcAg. HBc antibodies were detected in some patients only after sucrose gradient fractionation of serum and dissociative treatment. All HBsAg-positive chronic carriers who lacked HBc antibody were immunocompromised. Our results show that in HBc antibody-negative chronic hepatitis B virus carriers with active replication, HBc antibodies may be complexed by the excess of antigen and become undetectable by the available commercial tests. Unresponsiveness to HBcAg cannot always be ascribed to infection by another hepatitis B virus-related virus or hepatitis B virus variant.
Biliary Metal Stents and Air Embolism: A Note of Caution
Authors: C. Rabe, Z. Balta, U. Wüllner, J. Heller, C. Hammerstingl, K. Tiemann, T. Sommer, M. Schepke, H.-P. Fischer, T. Sauerbruch
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Metal stents are a valuable treatment modality for patients with biliary obstruction. However, we present here two patients whose cases may serve as a warning about an unusual complication associated with these stents. We encountered this complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for obstructed metal biliary stents. The first patient, an 87-year-old man with a benign biliary stricture, failed to regain consciousness after clearing of his stent using a Dormia basket and balloon catheter. Cerebral air embolism was diagnosed on cerebral computed tomography, and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a patent foramen ovale as a precipitating factor for paradoxical air embolism. He survived and was discharged with a residual hemiparesis. In the second patient, a 54-year-old man who had a history of a Billroth II operation and chronic pancreatitis and who had a portal cavernoma with biliary obstruction due to collateral veins, electromechanical dissociation complicated the balloon-catheter stent revision. Echocardiography performed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation showed major air embolism to the right heart. The patient died. These cases demonstrate that air may gain access to the venous system during therapeutic endoscopic procedures of this type. It is likely that the large diameter of metal stents and the potential for these stents to lacerate venous structures facilitate the entry of air into the venous circulation, an event which may have life-threatening consequences.
Thalidomide in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: influence of thalidomide treatment on peripheral blood stem cell collection yield
Authors: I Breitkreutz, H M Lokhorst, M S Raab, B van der Holt, F W Cremer, D Herrmann, A Glasmacher, I G H Schmidt-Wolf, I W Blau, H Martin, H Salwender, A Haenel, P Sonneveld, H Goldschmidt
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Folate Supplementation and the Risk of Masking Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Authors: Charles O. Brantigan
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Dr Tucker and colleagues<sup>1</sup>recommends the addition of folate to flour to combat problems of folate deficiency in the elderly. This article and others, such as those recommending folate fortification to prevent neural tube defects in fetuses whose mothers do not receive prenatal care, generally claim that the benefits outweigh the risks of masking of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>deficiency by hiding macrocytic anemia. Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>deficiency is also a common problem in the elderly. Those recommending folate supplementation generally allege that B<sub>12</sub>deficiency is easily recognized by most physicians, even when it does not cause anemia and, therefore, the downside of folate supplementation is small. My personal experience with this condition has not been nearly so favorable. My wife, who had taken folate supplements, developed quite advanced neurologic findings from vitamin B<sub>12</sub>deficiency because of the absence of anemia as
THE VALUE OF INSTRUCTION REGARDING ALCOHOL.
Authors: WINFIELD S. HALL
Journal: JAMA (1907)

There is not to-day a more important question for educators to consider than the one here presented for discussion. I feel certain that we shall all enter on it with minds open to conviction on all points. We are all in search of that happy and safe middle ground of truth and justice which history has shown invariably lies between the positions occupied by the partisans in a controversy. I wish first to formulate a few general principles or theses which may be discussed individually. The acceptation or rejection of each thesis in its order will bring us progressively nearer and nearer to a definitely formulated policy, acceptable to members of the teaching profession as well as to the medical profession. <h3>I. Natural Objects and Natural Phenomena Should be Studied in all Public Schools.</h3> All leading educators accord to the study of nature a prominent place in their systems of
Abstract LB-310: Small molecule inhibitors of IKBKE with antitumor activity in cancer cells overexpressing IKBKE .
Authors: Yu Xin, Jianping Guo, Jin Q. Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The serine/threonine kinase IKBKE is frequently overexpressed/activated in human cancer. Ectopic expression of IKBKE induces malignant transformation, cell migration, invasion and chemoresistance. Thus, IKBKE is a new attractive target for anti-cancer drug discovery. By screening of NCI Diversity Set and Clinical Collection I and II compound libraries using cell-based assay, we identified several IKBKE inhibitors, 3 of which directly inhibited IKBKE kinase activity in vitro and in vivo and the others only reduced phospho-IKBKE in vivo. One of the inhibitors, MCCK1, was further characterized and was found to directly bind to IKBKE. It inhibits IKBKE kinase as well as its downstream targets such as IkappaB, p65 and IRF3. MCCK1 is selective for IKBKE with moderate effect on TBK1 but does not inhibit the activation of IKKalpha/beta, STAT3, Erk-1/2, p38 or JNK. The inhibition of IKBKE by MCCK1 results in induction of cell growth arrest and apoptosis selectively in human cancer cells that harbor aberrant expression IKBKE. Further, MCCK1 inhibits tumor growth in nude mice of human cancer cells in which IKBKE is elevated but not of those cancer cells in which it is not. These data indicate that MCCK1 is an IKBKE inhibitor with anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo and could be a potential anti-cancer agent for patients whose tumors express elevated IKBKE. Citation Format: Yu Xin, Jianping Guo, Jin Q. Small molecule inhibitors of IKBKE with antitumor activity in cancer cells overexpressing IKBKE . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-310. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-310
The Management of Respiratory Distress After Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: A. Gilston
Journal: Thorax (1962)

Lassen's e-mployment of inter pressure respiration during the Cc myelitis epidemic (Lassen, 1953) 1 in a host of conditions, includin respiratory complications.A nui have reported its value after cardic (Bjork and Engstrom, 1955, 195 Buckley, Van Bergen, and Thiel, Benson, Liu, and Bahnson, 1959), a few of the problems involve describes in detail the manageme: distress after cardiothoracic surgc on a series of 50 cases.Intermittent positive pressure respiration was 5 4 3 1 carried out with a Radcliffe positive or positive- 3 2 negative respirator.These are time-cycled machines.4 reprtr1iecce 2 o the number of times a minute the patient is inflated 50 20being regulated by a motor with variable gears.
Updating Practice Guidelines
Authors: Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: JAMA (2014)

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Abstract 515: Interaction of CD44 with matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is crucial to maintain adhesion, migration and invasion in glioblastoma xenograft cells
Authors: Sravan K. Vanamala, Christopher S. Gondi, Krishna K. Veeravalli, Chandramu Chetty, Daniel Fassett, Jeffrey D. Klopfenstein, Dzung H. Dinh, Meena Gujrati, Jasti S. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract CD44, a transmembrane receptor for hyaluronic acid, is comprised of an extracellular domain (ECD) and intracellular domain (ICD). CD44 is implicated in various adhesion-dependent cellular processes, including cell migration, tumor cell metastasis and invasion. Here, we have generated constructs for knockdown of CD44 corresponding to ECD and ICD as well as to selectively overexpress either ECD or ICD. CD44 knockdown resulted in a more than 50% reduction in cellular adhesion, migration, and invasion as determined by MTT, wound closure and Matrigel assays in glioblastoma xenograft cell lines (4910 and 5310). Zymography analysis of conditioned medium from CD44 knocked down 4910 and 5310 cells showed decreased gelatinolytic activity of MMP-9; however, western blot analysis of cell lysates did not show any change in MMP-9 expression. Based on these results, we sought to further determine the relationship of CD44 with MMP-9, which is known to play an important role in cellular adhesion, migration and invasion. Immunoprecipitation analysis of cell lysates from 4910 and 5310 cells revealed an interaction between CD44 and MMP-9. Of note, siRNA-mediated knockdown of MMP-9 resulted in inhibition of CD44 cleavage. Selective overexpression of ECD or ICD with downregulation of endogenous CD44 showed that ECD expression was able to recover cellular adhesion and gelatinolytic activity of MMP-9. In contrast, as seen in the MTT assay results, ICD overexpression recovered cell growth but not adhesion or MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity. Taken together, our results suggest the interaction between CD44 and MMP-9 plays an important role in maintaining cellular growth, adhesion, invasion and migration in the glioblastoma xenograft cell lines 4910 and 5310. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 515.
Plasma lipoprotein levels in vegetarians. The effect of ingestion of fats from dairy products
Authors: F. M. Sacks
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The influence of dairy foods in the diet on plasma levels of total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C, respectively) was studied in 75 adult lactovegetarians living in the northeastern United States. Dairy products were the major sources of dietary saturated fat and cholesterol. The plasma TC level was positively correlated with dietary saturated fat and dietary cholesterol, and inversely correlated with the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fats in the diet. Correlations between the LDL-C level and the nutrients were similar to those of the TC level. The HDL-C level was not significantly related to any nutrients in the diet. The cholesterol levels of the lactovegetarians were compared with those of strict vegetarians. Lactovegetarians had 24% higher LDL-C levels and 7% higher HDL-C levels than strict vegetarians. Analysis within and among vegetarian populations suggests that ingestion of fatty dairy products raises the LDL-C level on a percentage basis about three times more than it raises the HDL-C level.
Experimental conditions for obtaining suppressor and helper effects on the primary in vitro immune response by lymphocytes activated by polyclonal T-cell activators.
Authors: L Nespoli, G Möller, D Waterfield, R Ekstedt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

The effect of the polyclonal T-cell activators (PTA) Con A and PHA on the specific immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRC) was studied. Addition of PTA either enhanced or suppressed the anti-SRC response, and two variables were found to affect the results: time of addition of the PTA and the strength of the response in control cultures not given PTA. If the response was high, even suboptimal PTA concentrations induced suppressive effects, but if the control response was low, due to deficient batches of sera or because of the absence of serum, the addition of PTA increased the response or restored it to normal levels. Suppression could be obtained if the PTA were added before or at the same time as the antigen and required high (optimal) PTA concentrations. If addition was delayed for 12-24 h the suppressive effects disappeared and previously suppressive concentrations of the PTA now caused an enhanced response. Analogous results were obtained if preactivated lymphocytes were added to the cultures instead of soluble PTA. Neither Con A, PHA, or lymphocytes preactivated by these PTA suppressed the polyclonal response induced by LPS or PPD. Irrespective of the time of addition and the culture conditions, enhancement of the anti-SRC response occurred at lower PTA concentrations than suppression. It was concluded that suppressor T cells, if they exist, do not act on B cells, but rather on helper cells needed for induction of thymus-dependent responses. The findings in this system are not compatible with the existence of a specific subset of suppressor T cells, but rather with the notion that suppression is caused by too much help.