tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calcium phosphate ceramic coatings on porous titanium: effect of structure and composition on electrophoretic deposition, vacuum sintering and in vitro dissolution
Authors: P. Ducheyne, S. Radin, M. Heughebaert, J.C. Heughebaert
Journal: Biomaterials (1990)

Bioactive calcium phosphate ceramics (CPC) guide bone formation along their surface. This property is conceptually attractive from the viewpoint of enhancing early bone tissue formation in porous metal coatings. The various studies conducted to exploit this idea, however, reveal a considerable variability of the effect. This suggests material- and processing-induced parametric influences. Thus this study focuses on the formulation of model porous metal-CPC materials for use in one-parametric analyses of material factors. Easily reproducible, porous metals with a uniform porous structure and CPC coating are made with orderly oriented wire mesh (OOWM) porous metal coatings and electrophoretically deposited CPC films. The deposition of the ceramic can be hampered by adsorbed water. Subsequent vacuum sintering leads to several phase transformations: hydroxyapatite is transformed to a mixture of oxyhydroxyapatite and tetracalcium phosphate; the underlying titanium promotes the beta- to alpha-tricalcium phosphate transformation; and Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite is transformed to a mixture containing oxyhydroxyapatite and alpha- and beta-tricalcium phosphate. These phase transformations provoke a considerable increase of in vitro dissolution in 0.05 M tris buffered physiological solution.
Registers for occupational diseases.
Authors: H Keskinen
Journal: BMJ (1991)

cause endothelial damage, disorganisation, and dysfunction.20Should fibrinogen concentration be included in a person's cardiovascular risk profile and should attempts be made to lower it if it exceeds the limit suggested by epidemiological studies?'7Before doing this we need a reliable cut off point.Currently it differs widely among laboratories, mainly (although not exclusively) because of different techniques of measurement.Also needed is a compound that lowers fibrinogen concentration safely and selectively.Several drugs have been reported to lower fibrinogen concentrations, including ticlopidine, stanozolol, oxpentifylline, calcium dobesilate, propranolol, and nisoldipine, and the fibrates.But because they all have prominent pharmacological effects other than lowering fibrinogen concentration they are not ideally suited to elucidate further the relation between fibrinogen and cardiovascular events in intervention studies.At present we can use the knowledge that a raised concentration of fibrinogen identifies people at risk of cardio- vascular disease to strengthen our recommendations for adequate treatment for hypertension, lipid disorders, and diabetes and for relevant changes in lifestyle.
Prognosis in Early Adult Life of Coeliac Children Treated with a Gluten-free Diet
Authors: W. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Long-term follow up of 57 young adults with coeliac disease diagnosed in childhood showed that 13 had relapsed clinically and had resumed a gluten-free diet Of the remainder, who were taking a normal diet and were apparently normal, 19 had low serum folate levels and 11 low serum iron levels. Pregnancy was found particularly likely to provoke an overt relapse. Only six patients were found to be stunted in height, while the menarche had occurred within the average range. The study also confirmed the very low present-daymortality rate of coeliac disease in childhood, which at the Hospital for Sick Children in London has been 0·4% between 1951 and 1968. In view of the finding that childhood coeliac disease usually persists, even though not causing symptoms, it is suggested that the use of a gluten-free diet should be lifelong.
Scene in Print: Despite Their Best Efforts
Authors: LEO TOLSTOY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 July 1973Scene in Print: Despite Their Best EffortsLEO TOLSTOYLEO TOLSTOYSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-1-142_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPierre, as is generally the case, felt the whole burden of his physical deprivations and the long strain to which he had been subjected while a prisoner, only when the strain and the privations were at an end.After his liberation he went to Orel; and on the second day after his arrival, just as he was about to start for Kiev; he fell ill, and remained in Orel for three months.He had what the doctors called bilious fever. The doctors treated him, bled him, and made him swallow drugs; nevertheless he recovered.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1973Volume 79, Issue 1Page: 142-142KeywordsDrugsFevers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Preliminary Results May Open Door to Gene Therapy Just a Bit Wider
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE DOOR that leads to true gene therapy appears to have been opened a little wider by the finding that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes armed with a marker gene can survive in a patient for at least 19 days. With this preliminary finding, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Bethesda, Md) investigators involved now are planning the next steps in this immunotherapeutic approach. Last May, after 16 reviews of the protocols and a lawsuit filed by a critic of genetic manipulation, Steven A. Rosenberg, MD, and Michael Blaese, MD, of the NIH's National Cancer Institute and W. French Anderson, MD, of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, received approval from James B. Wyngaarden, MD (then director of the NIH), and Frank E. Young, MD, PhD (commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Md), to inject genetically altered cultures of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes into 10 patients with advanced malignant melanomas (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:16
276 Side population cells derived from non-parenchymal liver cells and splenocytes are capable of differentiating into hepatocytes in vitro
Authors: S INOKUCHI, T AZUMA, T NISHIMURA, K TOMITA, N KITAMURA, G WAKABAYASHI, M KITAJIMA, H KOUIKE, Y MATSUZAKI, H OKANO
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
The Gastro-Laryngeal Tube for interventional endoscopic biliopancreatic procedures in anesthetized patients
Authors: C. Fabbri, C. Luigiano, V. Cennamo, A. Polifemo, A. Maimone, E. Jovine, N. D’Imperio, M. Zanello
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

The Gastro-Laryngeal Tube (G-LT) is a modification of the laryngeal tube which provides a dedicated channel for the insertion of an endoscope while acting as a supraglottic airway for ventilation. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of this device in patients undergoing anesthesia for interventional endoscopic biliopancreatic procedures (IEBPPs).A total of 22 patients were included in the study. The G-LT was inserted successfully in all patients. Arterial oxygen saturation was stable; the mean value was 97.9%. The IEBPPs were performed successfully in all patients through the endoscopic channel, with a mean duration of 99 minutes. The maneuverability of the endoscope was considered good in all patients. There were two cases of sore throat after the procedures, two cases of asymptomatic erosion of the upper esophageal mucosa, one case of Mallory-Weiss syndrome, and one case of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Our results suggest that the G-LT is an effective and secure device for airway management and for use during IEBPPs.
Severe paediatric ulcerative colitis: incidence, outcomes and optimal timing for second-line therapy
Authors: D Turner, C M Walsh, E I Benchimol, E H Mann, K E Thomas, C Chow, R A McLernon, T D Walters, J Swales, A H Steinhart, A M Griffiths
Journal: Gut (2007)

Despite the predominance of extensive disease in children with ulcerative colitis, data concerning severe paediatric ulcerative colitis are sparse. We reviewed rates and predictors of response to intravenous-corticosteroid therapy in a single-centre cohort with long-term follow-up.99 children (49% males; age 2-17 years) were hospitalised (1991-2000) for treatment of severe ulcerative colitis (90% extensive; 49% new onset ulcerative colitis). Clinical, laboratory and radiographic data were reviewed. A population-based subset was used to assess incidence. Predictors of corticosteroid response were analysed using univariate and multivariate analyses at days 3 and 5 of therapy. Colectomy rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.28% (95% CI, 23 to 34%) of children with ulcerative colitis resident in the Greater Toronto Area required admission for intravenous corticosteroid therapy, of whom 53 (53%; 95% CI, 44 to 63%) responded. Several predictors were associated with corticosteroid failure, but in multivariable modelling only C-reactive protein [OR = 3.5 (1.4 to 8.4)] and number of nocturnal stools [OR = 3.2 (1.6 to 6.6)] remained significant at both days 3 and 5. The Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI), Travis and Lindgren's indices strongly predicted non-response. Radiographically, the upper range of colonic luminal width was 40 mm in children younger than 11 years versus 60 mm in older patients. Cumulative colectomy rates at discharge, 1 year and 6 years were 42%, 58% and 61%, respectively.Children with ulcerative colitis commonly experience at least one severe exacerbation. Response to intravenous corticosteroids is poor. The PUCAI, determined at day 3 (>45 points) should be used to screen for patients likely to fail corticosteroids and at day 5 (>70 points) to dictate the introduction of second-line therapies.
Adrenal Localization in the Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Independent Cushing Syndrome
Authors: Lorraine M. Fig
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

To assess the efficacy of 131I-6-beta-iodomethylnorcholesterol scintigraphy in the adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent Cushing syndrome and to compare this with computed tomography.Retrospective analysis of case series from 1977 to 1987.Referral to the Division of Nuclear Medicine at a tertiary-care university medical center.Twenty-four patients with a pathologically-confirmed diagnosis of the adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent Cushing syndrome had 131I-6-beta-iodomethylnorcholesterol scintigraphy and, in most cases, computed tomography.Using 131I-6-beta-iodomethylnorcholesterol scintigraphy, adenomas were accurately seen as focal, unilateral tracer uptake in 14 of 14 patients. In carcinoma, the classic scintigraphic pattern of bilateral nonvisualization was observed in 3 of 4 patients, with ipsilateral uptake of tracer in 1 patient with a histologically well-differentiated malignancy. Computed tomography done during the same interval depicted abnormal adrenals in all cases of adenoma and carcinoma. In cortical nodular hyperplasia, however, computed tomography identified abnormal pairs of adrenals in only one of four cases studied, whereas scintigraphy showed typical patterns of bilateral increased uptake in all of the cases.131I-6-beta-iodomethylnorcholesterol scintigraphy accurately shows the location and nature of adrenal dysfunction in the adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent Cushing syndrome and may be particularly useful in identifying the bilateral adrenal involvement in cortical nodular hyperplasia.
Abstract 3973: Effects of anti-PD-1 and anti-4-1BB antibody treatment on melanoma-specific T cells in a murine model of melanoma.
Authors: John L. Robinson, Krithika Kodumudi, Amy Weber, Amod Sarnaik, Shari Pilon-Thomas
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Adoptive cell therapy with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is a promising immunotherapeutic approach and has resulted in durable response rates of 20-30% in patients with metastatic melanoma. However, several limitations exist to prevent the widespread implementation of adoptive cell therapy, including inadequate infiltration of tumor-specific T cells into tumors and anemic expansion of tumor-specific T cells in vitro. One such factor is PD-1 expression on T cells that plays an important role in T cell exhaustion. Agonistic co-stimulatory molecules such as 4-1BB which is transiently expressed on activated T cells can reverse T cell exhaustion and enhance anti-tumor immune response. In this study, we have examined two approaches to improve the frequency of tumor-specific T cells in tumors and TIL cultures. First, we examined whether blocking PD-L1/PD-1 signaling increased the infiltration of tumor-specific T cells in the murine B16 melanoma model. Mice bearing B16 tumors were treated with NrIgG or anti-PD-1 antibodies. T cells were isolated from B16 tumors on day 18 after tumor injection. Increased IFN-γ production following B16 restimulation was observed in TIL isolated from mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody (1445 ± 48 pg/ml) compared to TIL isolated from mice treated with control antibody (748 ± 25 pg/ml, p&amp;lt;0.001). In addition, we examined whether the expansion of T cells during TIL culture in vitro could be augmented by targeting the co-stimulatory molecule, 4-1BB. T cells were isolated from B16 tumors and cultured in vitro with 10 mcg/mL anti-4-1BB antibody. After 5 days, increased B16-specific IFN-γ was measured in TIL cultured with anti-4-1BB antibody (1865 ± 64 pg/ml, p&amp;lt;0.001 compared to TIL cultured with control antibody). Combination treatment with anti-PD-1 antibody therapy in vivo and anti-4-1BB antibody in vitro demonstrated synergistic effects, with increased levels of IFN-γ (4440 ± 486 pg/ml) produced by B16-specific TIL. These findings suggest that anti-PD-1 antibody treatment in combination with in vitro 4-1BB antibody treatment can enhance the frequency of tumor-specific T cells isolated from B16 melanoma. This may represent a potential strategy to increase the effectiveness of TIL therapy in patients with melanoma. Citation Format: John L. Robinson, Krithika Kodumudi, Amy Weber, Amod Sarnaik, Shari Pilon-Thomas. Effects of anti-PD-1 and anti-4-1BB antibody treatment on melanoma-specific T cells in a murine model of melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3973. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3973
Aplastic anaemia and hair dye.
Authors: P J Toghill, R G Wilcox
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Carcinoma in-situ of cervix in sisters "There are no 'cancer families' in which the cervix has been the organ affected."'Yet if, as claimed,2 early age at first coitus, having a first baby while a teenager, multiplicity of partners and pregnancies, and low socioeconomic class are relevant to the development of cervical cancer, it should not be surprising that example and en- vironment might combine to lead to similar lesions occurring in sisters.In the family here described, the mother had four sons and four daughters and died at 50 from myocardial infarction.The pattern among the four daughters, all in socioeconomic class V, is as follows. Case reportsDaughter No I was born in March 1936.First coitus was at age 18.She was pregnant when she married at 19 but aborted.She was still 19 when she had a baby.When 22 she divorced her husband and "had three chaps" before remarrying at 27, again when pregnant.That baby was premature and is backward.When 29 she had trichomonas vaginitis but her cervical smear was negative.She did not take the pill.She was 33 when at examination for secondary infertility her smear was reported positive.Cone biopsy confirmed carcinoma-in-situ of the cervix.Five and a half years later she is well, the cervix looks healthy, and the smear is negative.Daughter No 2 was born in February 1941.First coitus was at 18 and first baby (premature) at 19.She married when 22 and had three babies and three miscarriages.The last pregnancy, a successful one, was at 28.She was 31 when at request for sterilisation she was found to have a positive smear.She had been taking the pill for the previous 18 months.The cone biopsy taken at tubal ligation showed carcinoma-in-situ.Three and a half years later she is well, the cervix looks normal, and the smear is negative.
Quality Management by State Medicaid Agencies Converting to Managed Care
Authors: Bruce E. Landon, Carol Tobias, Arnold M. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Enrollment in Medicaid managed care plans has increased more than 5-fold in this decade, but how states monitor and encourage quality of care in these programs is not known.To characterize the quality monitoring and assurance activities of state Medicaid agencies for Medicaid beneficiaries enrolled in comprehensive prepaid managed care programs.Structured telephone survey conducted between October 1996 and January 1997.State Medicaid agencies.Representatives from all state Medicaid agencies, including the District of Columbia, with beneficiaries enrolled in comprehensive prepaid managed care plans as of July 1, 1996.Proportion of states with specific quality monitoring and assurance activities for Medicaid managed care.We surveyed all 34 states enrolling beneficiaries in comprehensive managed care programs. In 1996, all 34 states enrolled the population receiving assistance from the Aid to Families With Dependent Children (AFDC) program, while only 21 (62%) and 15 (44%) enrolled the disabled and elderly populations, respectively. In the period 1995 to 1996, 19 states (63%) collected data on satisfaction with care, and 25 states (83%) collected data on childhood immunizations. No more than half of the states collected data on other selected measures of access and quality, but a substantial number planned to collect such data in 1997. While at most 37% of states were providing comparative data to health plans, up to 80% were planning to provide such information in 1997. Similarly, while at most 10% of states provided beneficiaries with such information, up to 38% planned to do so in 1997. The breadth of contracting requirements designed to assure quality varied substantially across states.State Medicaid agencies have already begun adapting to their new roles as purchasers of health care. Continued monitoring is essential to ensure that state agencies implement planned programs and that quality of care for Medicaid enrollees is preserved or improved.
Case of Acute Dermatomyositis
Authors: J. MacD. Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1948)

branching remained undecided.In young cultures on Loeffler's serum spindle-shaped rods and filaments predominated, the latter being shorter than in fluid media.The filaments also showed central, terminal, or subterminal swellings (moniliform bodies) similar to those seen by one of us (I.R.W.L.) in Levaditi's laboratory in 1936.It was noted that the moniliform bodies tended to disappear in older cultures.Staining Reactions.-Poorresults were obtained with Gram's stain, but on the whole in very young cultures the organism tended to be Gram-positive and in older cultures Gram-negative.With the other stains previously mentioned the staining was irregular, the moniliform bodies being coloured more intensely than the filaments.When stained with Ziehl-Neelsen's carbol- fuchsin the organism was not acid-fast.Characteristics in Culture.-Onsolid media no growth occurred on ordinary agar, very scanty growth on 5,' blood agar, good growth on 25 % horse-serum agar, and abundant growth on glucose-serum agar and Loeffler's serum.The colonies were at first small and translucent, but became granular and rough after several days.Even after 24 hours a number of the colonies were of R type.In deep glucose-serum agar shake cultures mulberry-shaped colonies appeared which were not limited to the aerobic zone.The organism is thus aerobic but a facultative anaerobe.Growth did not appear to be stimulated by increased carbon dioxide pressure.In fluid media abundant growth occurred, as already indicated, when serum and fermentable carbohydrates were present.The sugar reactions were as follows: acid but no gas from glucose and starch, slight acid from lactose and maltose; no indole forma- tion; gelatin not liquefied.In fluid media containing carbo- hydrates subcultures were found to be essential every 48 hours.In carbohydrate-free media the organism can remain alive for five days but is dead in seven days.It is killed by exposure to 60°C.for 20 minutes.The organism isolated was found to be very sensitive to penicillin, all growth being inhibited by 0.01 unit of the drug per 1 ml. of medium.Animal Inoculation.-Theorganism is pathogenic for mice, and both animals inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 ml. of the patient's blood died, in 9 and 11 days.Similar inoculations from
Factors Associated With Diagnosis of Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding by Video Capsule Enteroscopy
Authors: Lucie Lepileur, Xavier Dray, Michel Antonietti, Isabelle Iwanicki–Caron, Sébastien Grigioni, Ulriikka Chaput, Aude Di–Fiore, Raied Alhameedi, Philippe Marteau, Philippe Ducrotté, Stéphane Lecleire
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2012)
Better obstetric outcomes
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Fatima Aliyu was 25 years old when she went into labour with her first child. Six days later, the baby was dead—stillborn by caesarean section—and Fatima had lost control of her bladder and bowels. “I cried in the dark because I was left behind, my dignity was gone,” she writes (doi:10.1136/bmj.d2881). Ten years on, still struggling with the effects of her prolonged obstructed labour, with two obstetric fistulas, sphincter damage, and foot drop, Fatima is nonetheless one of the lucky ones. Despite the social stigma and huge practical challenges of her incontinence and her inability to have other children, her family has stood by her. …
Are genotoxic carcinogens more potent than nongenotoxic carcinogens?
Authors: S Parodi, D Malacarne, P Romano, M Taningher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

In this report we have raised the question whether genotoxic carcinogens are more potent than nongenotoxic carcinogens when studied in long-term carcinogenicity assays in rodents. To build a large database of compounds for which both carcinogenicity and genotoxicity had been investigated, we have used a database produced by Gold and co-workers for carcinogenic potency data (975 chemicals) and a database produced by Würgler for genotoxicity data (2834 chemicals). Considering compounds positive or negative in at least three short-term tests and in at least 75% of available tests, we could define 67 genotoxic carcinogens and 46 nongenotoxic carcinogens. Carcinogenic potency of genotoxic carcinogens was about 50 times higher than carcinogenic potency of nongenotoxic carcinogens. Our results are different from the results of Tennant et al.; their database (24 genotoxic carcinogens and 12 nongenotoxic carcinogens compatible with our definition) seems to suggest that there is practically no difference in potency between genotoxic and nongenotoxic carcinogens. The two databases have only four compounds in common and are also different in terms of number of elements for different chemical classes. Nitrosocompounds, nitrogen mustards, hydrazine derivatives, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not represented in the database of Tennant. The overall impression from our analysis is that the usefulness of short-term tests of genotoxicity could be significantly better than what has been suggested by the previous work of Tennant et al. because these tests tend to detect, at least for many important chemical classes, the most potent carcinogens. This consideration may not be valid for certain classes of chemicals.