tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-Dose Chemotherapy plus Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Marc E. Lippman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

In this issue of the Journal, Stadtmauer et al. present the results of a clinical trial in which conventional-dose chemotherapy was compared with high-dose chemotherapy plus autologous bone marrow transplantation (hematopoietic stem-cell rescue) in patients with metastatic breast cancer.1 In this trial, 553 women with previously untreated metastatic or locally recurrent breast cancer were initially treated with conventional multidrug chemotherapy; patients who had a response, according to predefined objective criteria, were then randomly assigned to receive either maintenance chemotherapy at standard doses or high-dose chemotherapy plus an autologous bone marrow transplant. In this randomization phase, a total of 199 women . . .
Morning Distort: We Are Not Amused
Authors: Robert M. McLean
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We appreciate Dr Brancati's<sup>1</sup>humor regarding the anxieties and strategies of residents in morning report, but we disagree strongly with his concluding statement: "The bottom line is style above substance." We feel the process of a resident learning to present and discuss cases and being asked to explain diagnostic and management plans in a critical atmosphere is crucial to his or her training. No doubt the routine of morning report contains many components that can be satirized, but the implication that the content of such a conference is relatively insignificant since "image is everything" is completely erroneous. To give misleading or distorted information in a report is dishonest, and we think it is important for current and future residents not to construe such humor as advocating or approving this behavior.
The independent contribution to elevations in B-type natriuretic peptide from atrial fibrillation
Authors: Peter A. McCullough, Richard M. Nowak, James McCord, Judd E. Hollander, Evan Loh, Gabriel Steg, Phillippe Duc, Torbjorn Omland, Ame Westheim, William T. Abraham, Alan B. Storrow, Alan H. Wu, Patricia Hlavin, Alan S. Maisel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
MICRORNA-365 INHIBITS THE PROLIFERATION OF VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS BY TARGETING CYCLIN D1
Authors: Myung-Hyun Kim, Onju Ham, Se-Yeon Lee, Eunmi Choi, Chang Yeon Lee, Jun-Hee Park, Jiyun Lee, Hyang-Hee Seo, Minji Seung, Eunhyun Choi, Pil-Ki Min, Ki-Chul Hwang, Hyuck Moon Kwon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Egg or sperm donation children will be entitled to more information
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

People conceived in the United Kingdom as a result of sperm, egg, or embryo donation are to be given the right to find out more information about their donors when they reach age 18.

But the government has decided to delay a decision on whether to remove anonymity from donors, amid fears that the change might cause the supply of donors to dry up.

Children conceived by donation since 1990 will be able to request non-identifying information about …
Effect of Estrogenic Hormone on Serum Lipids in Patients with Coronary Arteriosclerosis
Authors: ALFRED STEINER, HENRY PAYSON, FORREST E. KENDALL
Journal: Circulation (1955)

The oral administration of large amounts of ethinyl estradial daily to patients with coronary arteriosclerosis and to control subjects consistently produced a favorable effect upon the serum lipid pattern. However, toxic effects of the estrogen prohibited its prolonged use. The clinical status of the patient as evidenced by the incidence of chest pain or the electrocardiogram were not altered during the period of the study.
Activists storm stage at AIDS conference to demand that funders meet their pledges
Authors: R. Hurley
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Access for all to preventive interventions and treatment for HIV and AIDS is possible—but only if countries increase their funding and respect universal human rights. This was the message from politicians, experts, and activists at the 18th international AIDS conference in Vienna this week, in response to worldwide cuts to aid.

An estimated 25 000 delegates watched protestors march the length of the huge convention centre, storm the stage, and delay the opening session, with shouts of “Broken promises kill. No retreat: fund AIDS!”

This year is the deadline for universal access set by the G8, the world’s top eight industrialised countries. “We are nowhere near,” said …
ACAT2 deficiency limits cholesterol absorption in the cholesterol-fed mouse: Impact on hepatic cholesterol homeostasis
Authors: Joyce J. Repa, Kimberly K. Buhman, Robert V. Farese, John M. Dietschy, Stephen D. Turley
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) 2 is the major cholesterol-esterifying enzyme in mouse enterocytes and hepatocytes. Male ACAT2 +/+ and ACAT2 −/ − mice were fed chow containing added cholesterol (0%-0.500% w/w) for 24 days. Over this range, fractional cholesterol absorption in the ACAT2 +/+ mice fell from 41.4% ± 6.6% to 21.0% ± 5.2%, and in their ACAT2 −/− counterparts it fell from 35.1% ± 4.5% to 7.9% ± 0.8%. The mass of dietary cholesterol absorbed (mg/d per 100 g body weight) increased from 1.2 ± 0.2 to 14.7 ± 4.4 in the ACAT2 +/+ mice and from 1.0 ± 0.2 to 5.5 ± 0.6 in those without ACAT2. In the ACAT2 +/+ mice, hepatic cholesterol concentrations increased as a function of intake despite compensatory changes in cholesterol and bile acid synthesis and in the expression of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter G5 (ABCG5) and ABC transporter G8 (ABCG8). In contrast, in ACAT2 −/− mice in which the amount of cholesterol absorbed at the highest intake was only 37% of that in the ACAT2 +/+ mice, suppression of synthesis was a sufficient adaptive response; there was no change in bile acid synthesis, ABCG5/G8 expression, or hepatic cholesterol concentration. The expression of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in the jejunum was markedly elevated in the ACAT2 −/− mice, irrespective of dietary cholesterol level. In conclusion , although ACAT2 deficiency limits cholesterol absorption, the extent to which it impacts hepatic cholesterol homeostasis depends on cholesterol intake. Loss of ACAT2 activity may result in unesterified cholesterol being absorbed via an ABCA1-mediated basolateral efflux pathway. (Hepatology 2004;40:1088-1097.)
USE OF OTOSCOPE FOR UMBILICAL EXAMINATION IN OBESITY
Authors: H. V. Findlay
Journal: JAMA (1934)

To the Editor:—  I wish to make a simple suggestion which I have found of considerable value to me on two occasions in the past few weeks in rather difficult examinations. Recently two obese women whom I saw complained of intermittent, purulent, excoriating discharges from the umbilicus. Each had had previous surgery done. Because of the obesity the umbilicus could not be everted in the usual manner, and so I used an ordinary electric otoscope with a rather large speculum, which gave a perfect view of the floor and side wall of the umbilical cavity, and in one patient showed a tiny sinus in the floor, discharging pus.  In view of the marked difficulty that I have previously experienced in examining this type of patient, I thought this suggestion worth passing along.
Increased serum concentration of von Willebrand factor in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy
Authors: J-W Chen, M-A Gall, M Deckert, J S Jensen, H-H Parving
Journal: BMJ (1995)

proposed previously could be used to identify sections of the population at high risk of chronic disease from high total plasma cholesterol concentration, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, and hypertension who might benefit from weight management.
Immunohistochemical detection of advanced glycosylation end products in diabetic tissues using monoclonal antibody to pyrraline.
Authors: S Miyata, V Monnier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Pyrraline is one of the major Maillard compounds resulting from the reaction of glucose with amino compounds at slightly acidic pH. For in vivo studies, monoclonal pyrraline antibodies were raised after immunization of Balb/c mice with keyhole limpet hemocyamin-caproyl pyrraline conjugate. Of 660 hybridoma clones from one donor, 260 produced an antibody to the free hapten, two of which named Pyr-A and Pyr-B also cross-reacted with L-lysyl pyrraline. Using Pyr-B antibody and an ELISA, a gradual increase in pyrraline immunoreactivity was observed in serum albumin incubated with glucose or 3-deoxyglucosone. Plasma pyrraline levels increased fourfold (P less than 0.001) in Sprague-Dawley rats upon induction of diabetes with streptozotocin and were twofold increased in randomly selected plasmas from diabetic humans. Highly specific pyrraline immunoreactivity was detected in sclerosed glomeruli from diabetic and old normal kidneys as well as in renal arteries with arteriolosclerosis and in perivascular and peritubular sclerosed extracellular matrix and basement membranes. The preferential localization of pyrraline immunoreactivity in the extracellular matrix strengthens the notion that the advanced glycosylation reaction may contribute to decreased turnover and thickening of the extracellular matrix in diabetes and aging.
Erythrocyte Pyridoxine Kinase Levels in Patients with Sideroblastic Anemia
Authors: Ram K. Chillar, Cage S. Johnson, Ernest Beutler, Katherine Sonne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

IT has been suggested that a substantial number of patients with either idiopathic acquired or alcoholic sideroblastic anemia lack the enzyme, pyridoxine kinase, in their red blood cells.1 , 2 Therefore, such patients were thought to be unable to convert the naturally occurring vitamer of vitamin B6, pyridoxal, to its active coenzyme form, pyridoxal phosphate, which is needed for heme synthesis. Administration of pyridoxal phosphate to such patients was claimed to improve their anemia.3 We have now reinvestigated the putative existence of pyridoxine kinase deficiency in alcoholic and nonalcoholic patients with sideroblastic anemia, using a recently developed, improved method for . . .
T-cell receptor Jβ1/Jβ2 locus rearrangements in an HTLV-1-positive T-cell lymphoma with complex chromosomal aberrations
Authors: M. J. Macera, P. Hyde, N. Peddanna, P. Szabo, S. K. Gogineni, R. S. Verma
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

We report a case of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected adult T-cell lymphoma that has multiple chromosomal abnormalities, including the presence of an additional 7q22-36, which contains the locus of the T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain gene. Specific TCR Jβ1/Jβ2 gene rearrangements were detected in both marrow and peripheral blood DNA, with evidence of further evolution of the transformed clonal population within the peripheral lymphocytes. To our knowledge, this is the first case in which gene rearrangements have been associated with additional TCR loci. Consequently, it is advised that every effort should be made to correlate chromosomal abnormalities with gene rearrangement by molecular methods. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Acute Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Women
Authors: Stephan D Fihn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

A 28-year-old woman telephones her physician to report dysuria and urinary urgency during the preceding three days. She has had several previous urinary tract infections, including three during the past year. She is otherwise healthy, takes no medications, and is sexually active, using spermicide-coated condoms for contraception. She does not have fever, chills, vaginal discharge, or flank pain. How should she be evaluated and treated?
Human keratinocytes are a major source of cutaneous platelet-derived growth factor.
Authors: J C Ansel, J P Tiesman, J E Olerud, J G Krueger, J F Krane, D C Tara, G D Shipley, D Gilbertson, M L Usui, C E Hart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

PDGF has been implicated as one of the principal mitogens involved in cutaneous wound healing. While it has been previously reported that both platelets and monocytes are a source of PDGF in human dermal wound repair, the production of PDGF by human keratinocytes has not yet been described. In this manuscript, we report the production of PDGF by cultured human keratinocytes. Both PDGF A and B chain mRNA can be detected in cultured cells. While only PDGF-AA polypeptide is found in significant levels in keratinocyte-conditioned culture media, all three PDGF isoforms (AA, AB, and BB) are present in detergent-solubilized cell extracts. No evidence of PDGF receptor expression was observed in cultured keratinocytes when analyzed for either mRNA levels or polypeptide expression, suggesting that PDGF does not play an autocrine role in keratinocyte growth. Analysis of cryosections of human cutaneous wounds by immunostaining for PDGF showed that both PDGF A and B chain is constitutively expressed in normal epidermis, as well as in newly reconstituted wound epidermis. No evidence for PDGF receptor polypeptide expression in the epidermis was detected by immunostaining of cryosections.
Erythropoietin for Total Hip Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: John T. Kontor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters18 September 2001Erythropoietin for Total Hip Joint ArthroplastyJohn T. Kontor, MDJohn T. Kontor, MDVenice, FL 34293Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The study by Feagan and colleagues (1) provides important information about the use of erythropoietin and iron to increase preoperative hemoglobin levels and avoid blood transfusions in orthopedic patients. Unfortunately, little evidence shows that transfusions for patients such as those in the study are necessary in the first place. Existing evidence suggests that transfusions for patients with postoperative hip replacements (2, 3) and noncardiac patients in the intensive care unit (4) with hemoglobin levels of 80 to 100 g/L are of no benefit and might actually be harmful. It would be of much greater use to see ...References1. Feagan BG, Wong CJ, Kirkley A, Johnston DW, Smith FC, Whitsitt P, et al . Erythropoietin with iron supplementation to prevent allogeneic blood transfusion in total hip joint arthroplasty. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:845-54. [PMID: 11103054] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Zuccalà G, Bernabei R, Carbonin P. Perioperative blood transfusion [Letter]. JAMA. 1998;279:1610. [PMID: 9613903] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Carson JL, Duff A, Berlin JA, Lawrence VA, Poses RM, Huber EC, et al . Perioperative blood transfusion and postoperative mortality. JAMA. 1998;279:199-205. [PMID: 9438739] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Hébert PC, Wells G, Blajchman MA, Marshall J, Martin C, Pagliarello G, et al . A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care. Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care Investigators, Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:409-17. [PMID: 9971864] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Venice, FL 34293 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoErythropoietin with Iron Supplementation To Prevent Allogeneic Blood Transfusion in Total Hip Joint Arthroplasty Brian G. Feagan , Cindy J. Wong , Alexandra Kirkley , D.W.C. Johnston , Frank C. Smith , Paul Whitsitt , Susan L. Wheeler , and Catherine Y. Lau Metrics 18 September 2001Volume 135, Issue 6Page: 471KeywordsBloodBlood transfusionErythropoietinHemoglobinHipIntensive care unitsOrthopedicsPrimary care physiciansSurgeonsTotal hip arthroplasty ePublished: 18 September 2001 Issue Published: 18 September 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Role of Renal Prostaglandins in Sympathetically Mediated Renin Release in the Rat
Authors: William B. Campbell, Robert M. Graham, Edwin K. Jackson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Renal prostaglandins (PG) appear to mediate renin release due to stimulation of the intrarenal baroreceptor, but not that due to activation of the macula densa. However, as the role of PG in sympathetically mediated renin release remains unclear, a possible interrelationship between these factors was examined in conscious rats. Hydralazine increased the serum renin levels from 3.1±0.8 to 16.7±3.0 ng/ml per h at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Indomethacin (5 mg/kg) suppressed urinary PGE2 and PGF2α excretion by 89 and 74%, respectively, arachidonate hypotension by 82%, and inhibited the elevated renin levels from hydralazine by 100% without altering the hypotensive effect of the drug. Another PG synthetase inhibitor, meclofenamate, was also effective in attenuating hydralazine-induced renin release, urinary PGE2 and PGF2α excretion, and arachidonate hypotension. Isoproterenol, a nonselective beta-adrenergic agonist, increased heart rate, lowered blood pressure, and also stimulated the release of renin when administered intraperitoneally. However, intrarenal infusion of the drug only resulted in increased renin release. Indomethacin inhibited isoproterenol-induced renin release by 66 and 67%, respectively, without altering the hemodynamic effects associated with the intraperitoneal administration of the drug. The selective beta1 agonist, H133/22, increased the release of renin and heart rate in a dose-related manner without altering blood pressure. H133/22-induced renin release was inhibited by 80% by indomethacin pretreatment. Finally, intrarenal infusions of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (3 mg/kg per min) increased the serum activity from 4.1±0.2 to 20.4±3.9 ng/ml per h without altering mean arterial pressure. Indomethacin inhibited this renin response to dibutyryl cyclic AMP by 96%. Thus, renal PG appear to be important mediators of sympathetically stimulated renin release acting as a site distal to the beta-adrenergic receptor.
Persistence of MB isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase in the serum after minor iatrogenic cardiac trauma. Absence of postmortem evidence of myocardial infarction.
Authors: A M Tonkin, R M Lester, C E Guthrow, C R Roe, D B Hackel, G S Wagner
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The specificity of serum CPK-MB for acute myocardial infarction was examined by retrospective analysis of 401 consecutive patients admitted to Coronary Care Unit over a three and one-half year period with suspected infarction in whom the isoenzyme was subsequently detected. Four patients (1 per cent) who died during the hospital admission had no autopsy evidence of acute myocardial infarction. All four had experienced mild iatrogenic cardiac trauma, following which serum CPK-MG persisted for at least 24 hours. In one patient, a permanent pacemaker had been inserted by the transmediastinal approach. Two patients had been subjected to closed chest cardiac massage and intracardiac puncture, and one to external cardiac massage alone. The findings suggest that persistent identification of serum CPK-MB, although specific for myocardial necrosis, cannot be regarded as diagnostic of myocardial infarction. The implications of this are important to treatment of patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and operative trauma to the heart.
Effects of Systemic and Local Immunization on Alveolar Epithelial Permeability to Protein in the Rat
Authors: HANS G. FOLKESSON, BJÖRN R. WESTRÖM, BÖRJE W. KARLSSON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

This study aimed to characterize the effect on alveolar epithelial permeability to protein as a result of immunization when animals were reexposed to antigen. Antigen (bovine serum albumin [BSA]) and a related bystander protein (human serum albumin [HSA]) were intratracheally instilled into lungs of immunized rats and their passages across the alveolar epithelium were measured as serum levels 16 h after instillation. Nonimmunized control rats showed similar passages of both BSA and HSA. In rats intradermally immunized against BSA, BSA was undetectable in serum, whereas serum levels of HSA were markedly increased compared with those in control rats. In rats immunized with BSA intratracheally, serum levels of both BSA and HSA were unchanged compared with those in control rats. Serum titers of specific IgG antibodies (anti-BSA) were measured and were higher in intradermally immunized animals than in intrapulmonary immunized animals, whereas no anti-BSA antibodies were detected in nonimmunized control rats. Anti-BSA antibodies were detected only in lavage fluid from intradermally immunized rats. These findings suggest that presence of specific antibodies locally in the lungs may increase alveolar epithelial permeability to protein. This finding may have clinical implications, e.g., for sensitive asthmatics, since increased nonspecific permeability caused by local immune-related inflammation may result in further allergies.
Multiple IgA Autoantibodies Associated with Mefenamic Acid
Authors: Andreas W. Gerbig
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 October 1998Multiple IgA Autoantibodies Associated with Mefenamic AcidAndreas W. Gerbig, MD, Bruno Paredes, MD, and Thomas Hunziker, MDAndreas W. Gerbig, MDUniversity Hospital of Bern; Bern, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author, Bruno Paredes, MDUniversity Hospital of Bern; Bern, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author, and Thomas Hunziker, MDUniversity Hospital of Bern; Bern, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Side effects of long-term therapy with mefenamic acid include autoimmune hemolytic anaemia [1], nephropathy [2], celiac disease-like enteropathy [3], and bullous pemphigoid [4].We describe a 62-year-old woman with widespread, intensely itching, nonblistering papules and nodules that evolved after 2 years of treatment with mefenamic acid (0.5 to 1.0 g daily). Histologic findings were consistent with dermatitis herpetiformis, whereas marked linear subepidermal deposits of IgA shown by direct immunofluorescence suggested atypical bullous pemphigoid or linear IgA disease. Results of indirect immunofluorescence were negative. The skin cleared within 3 weeks after dapsone treatment was initiated. Because gonarthrosis worsened, ...References1. Cott GL, Myles AB, Bacon PA. Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and mefenamic acid therapy. Br Med J. 1968; 3:534-5. Google Scholar2. Venning V, Dixon AJ, Oliver DO. Mefenamic acid nephropathy. Lancet. 1980; 2:745-6. Google Scholar3. Isaacs PE, Sladen GE, Filipe I. Mefenamic acid enteropathy. J Clin Pathol. 1987; 40:1221-7. Google Scholar4. Shepherd AN, Ferguson J, Bewick M, Bouchier IA. Mefenamic acidinduced bullous pemphigoid. Postgrad Med J. 1986; 62:67-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University Hospital of Bern; Bern, Switzerland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMefenamic acidThe potential and promise of mefenamic acidNON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDs)Mefenamic acidAnti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in goutMefenamic acid 1 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 7Page: 588-589KeywordsAntibodiesAntinuclear antibodiesAutoantibodiesDNADirect immunofluorescenceImmunofluorescenceLymphocytesPruritusSkin diseasesTherapeutic drug monitoring Issue Published: 1 October 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...