tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epilepsy related to traumatic extradural haematomas.
Authors: A B Jamjoom, N Kane, D Sandeman, B Cummins
Journal: BMJ (1991)

?Ai71991;302:448 Intracranial haematoma is a well recognised risk factor for post traumatic epilepsy, whether early or late.1 Epilepsy occurs more commonly after an intradural rather than extradural haematoma.1 Studies published before computed tomography became available report incidences of epilepsy after traumatic extradural haematoma of 22% and 0-29%.12 Concomitant intra? dural damage, which probably influences the develop? ment of epilepsy, could not then have been assessed. We studied the incidence of epilepsy in patients who required surgery for traumatic extradural haematoma with reference to the results of preoperative computed tomography.
Clinical comparison of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating renal calculi.
Authors: N. Mays, S. Challah, S. Patel, E. Palfrey, R. Creeser, P. Vadera, P. Burney
Journal: BMJ (1988)

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy for efficacy in treating renal calculi. DESIGN: Non-randomised multicentre cohort study with 3 month follow up and 13 month data collection period. SETTING: Lithotripter centre in London, tertiary referral hospital, and urological clinics in several secondary and tertiary care centres. PATIENTS: 933 of 1001 patients treated by lithotripsy at the lithotripter centre were compared with 195 treated by nephrolithotomy. Missing patients were due to incomplete collection of data. Age and sex distributions and characteristics of the stones were similar in the two treatment groups. Two patients died in the lithotripsy group. Three month follow up was achieved in about 84% of both groups (783/933 for lithotripsy; 163/195 for nephrolithotomy). INTERVENTIONS: The nephrolithotomy group had surgical nephrolithotomy alone. In the lithotripsy group 83% (774/933) had lithotripsy alone, 11% (103/933) had combined lithotripsy and nephrolithotomy, and 6% (56/933) had lithotripsy plus ureteroscopy. Single and combined lithotripter treatments were analysed as one group and compared with nephrolithotomy. END POINT: Presence of stones three months after treatment. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Presence of residual stones was assessed by plain radiography, ultrasonography, or intravenous urography. After adjustment for age and size and position of stone for patients with single stones the likelihood of being free of stones three months after treatment was significantly greater in the nephrolithotomy group than the lithotripsy group (odds ratio 6.6; 95% confidence interval 3.0 to 14.6) and the response was particularly pronounced with staghorn calculi (62% (8/13) v 15% (141/96) patients free of stones after nephrolithotomy and lithotripsy, respectively). OTHER FINDINGS: 19%(146/775) of patients who had had lithotripsy had to be readmitted within three months after treatment compared with 14%(23/162) who had nephrolithotomy; and 64%(94/146) of readmissions after lithotripsy were for complications compared with 30%(7/23) of readmissions after nephrolithotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Nephrolithotomy may be preferable to lithotripsy for treating renal stones and it may not be wise to invest heavily in lithotripsy facilities.
Transmission of Trichomonas
Authors: R. D. Catterall, C. S. Nicol
Journal: BMJ (1969)

These were the war and postwar years when refined sugar was rationed and our bread contained more natural fibre.The correction of colonic stasis by the addition of sufficient bran to the diet relieves the pain of diverticular disease.Therefore, not only is there a great deal of evidence that a low residue diet causes the disease, but also that a high residue diet would prevent its appearance.Furthermore, the addition of roughage to the diet in the form of wholemeal bread and additional bran is of benefit even when the disease is already established and is causing symptoms.-Iam, etc.,
Lymphoma-Specific Genetic Aberrations in Microvascular Endothelial Cells in B-Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Berthold Streubel, Andreas Chott, Daniela Huber, Markus Exner, Ulrich Jäger, Oswald Wagner, Ilse Schwarzinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The growth of most tumors depends on the formation of new blood vessels. In contrast to genetically unstable tumor cells, the endothelial cells of tumor vessels are considered to be normal diploid cells that do not acquire mutations.Using a combined immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization assay, we examined the endothelial cells in 27 B-cell lymphomas for cytogenetic alterations that are known to be present in the lymphoma cells.We found that 15 to 85 percent (median, 37 percent) of the microvascular endothelial cells in the B-cell lymphomas harbored lymphoma-specific chromosomal translocations. In addition, numerical chromosomal aberrations were shared by the lymphoma cells and the endothelial cells.Our findings suggest that microvascular endothelial cells in B-cell lymphomas are in part tumor-related and therefore reflect a novel aspect of tumor angiogenesis.
Absence of Coronary Artery Calcification and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Michael Blaha, Matthew J. Budoff, Leslee J. Shaw, Faisal Khosa, John A. Rumberger, Daniel Berman, Tracy Callister, Paolo Raggi, Roger S. Blumenthal, Khurram Nasir
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Essential Role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (Stat)5a but Not Stat5b for Flt3-Dependent Signaling
Authors: Shuli Zhang, Seiji Fukuda, Younghee Lee, Giao Hangoc, Scott Cooper, Rosanne Spolski, Warren J. Leonard, Hal E. Broxmeyer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2000)

The receptor tyrosine kinase Flt3 plays an important role in proliferation and survival of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Although some post-receptor signaling events of Flt3 have been characterized, the involvement of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/Stat) pathway in Flt3 signaling has not been thoroughly evaluated. To this aim, we examined whether Flt3 activates the Jak/Stat pathway in Baf3/Flt3 cells, a line stably expressing human Flt3 receptor. Stat5a, but not Stats 1–4, 5b, or 6, was potently activated by Flt3 ligand (FL) stimulation. Interestingly, FL did not activate any Jaks. Activation of Stat5a required the kinase activity of Flt3. A selective role for Stat5a in the proliferative response of primary hematopoietic progenitor cells to FL was documented, as FL did not act on progenitors from marrows of Stat5a−/− mice, but did stimulate/costimulate proliferation of these cells from Stat5a+/+, Stat5b−/−, and Stat5b+/+ mice. Thus, Stat5a is essential for at least certain effects of FL. Moreover, our data confirm that Stat5a and Stat5b are not redundant, but rather are at least partially distinctive in their function.
The Pursuit of the Renal Mass
Authors: Ralph V. Clayman, Richard D. Williams, Elwin E. Fraley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

MODERN radiologic technics of urography often detect asymptomatic renal masses. Even though occult renal masses are now found more frequently, there is no generally agreed upon protocol for distinguishing benign lesions, such as simple cysts, from renal cancers. The purpose of this report is to present a safe, economical and reliable approach to the asymptomatic renal mass based on our own experience and that of others.Diagnostic TechnicsThe admission examination and the results of laboratory tests often predict the nature of a renal mass. Approximately 80 per cent of patients with renal-cell cancer have some evidence of the malignant . . .
Dennis Geoffrey Brown
Authors: Lionel Kreeger
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, and group analyst London (b 1928; q Leeds 1951; MD, FRCPsych, FRCP Ed), d 19 September 2004.

Dennis Brown began his medical career in dermatology, eventually turning to psychiatry and psychoanalysis, and ultimately to group analysis. He won a Fulbright Scholarship to Cornell University, during which he became more interested in the psychological aspects of dermatology. In 1969 he joined St George's Hospital, London, as a consultant psychotherapist, later moving to St Mary's Hospital, where he remained until his retirement from the NHS. He was also a member of the Group Analytic Practice, a private clinic specialising in group and family and marital therapies. He leaves a wife, Dorothy, and a son.
Hemodynamic Effects of Nitroglycerin, Propranolol, and Their Combination in Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: LESLIE WIENER, EDWARD M. DWYER, J. WILLIAM COX
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The hemodynamic effects of 10 mg of propranolol given intravenously (iv) were studied in 10 patients (group I) with coronary heart disease (CHD). These results were compared with the hemodynamic effects in a similar group of the nine (CHD) patients (group II) who were studied after administration of 0.6 mg of nitroglycerin and then after receiving 10 mg of propranolol iv with a second 0.6-mg dose of nitroglycerin. Measurements were obtained at rest and during exercise: before treatment, after nitroglycerin alone, after propranolol alone, and after nitroglycerin-propranolol in combination. Pretreatment exercise showed a 125% increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) to 43 mm Hg and a 163% increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) to 29 mm Hg. Nitroglycerin decreased PAP (–45%) and LVEDP (–66%); as did nitroglycerin-propranolol: PAP (–33%) and LVEDP (–38%). Nitroglycerin reduced tension-time index (TTI) –21%, and increased cardiac index (CI) +17%, heart rate (HR) +10%, left ventricular work index (LVWI) +11%, and left ventricular dp/dt (LV dp/dt) +22%. By contrast, nitroglycerin-propranolol reduced LVWI –14%, LV dp/dt –30%, TTI – 15%, and HR – 13% but did not significantly alter CI from pretreatment. Propranolol increased PAP to 40 mm Hg, did not change LVEDP at 29 mm Hg and decreased stroke index (SI) 16%. Nitroglycerin-propranolol diminished PA and LVED pressure and increased SI 14%. Effects of propranolol alone and of nitroglycerin-propranolol on HR, TTI, and LV dp/dt were not significantly different. Nitroglycerin-propranolol appears to have important advantages over nitroglycerin or propranolol alone. A reduction in HR, TTI, and LV dp/dt, determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption, concurrent with improved left ventricular function, demonstrates a beneficial synergistic hemodynamic action for nitroglycerin combined with propranolol.
1082-182 Carotid intima-media thickening as surrogate atherosclerosis marker: Is it relevant to the asians?
Authors: Kam S Woo, Shu K Kwong, Mu Qiao, Ping Chook, Shu W Chan, S Xin Huang, Brian Bailey, David S Celermajer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Critical Problems in Psychiatry
Authors: Scott D. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This new volume, edited by Drs Cavenar and Brodie from Duke University, has a very broad scope. It contains 21 chapters and the contributions of 35 different authors, many of whom are among the most prominent in their respective areas of expertise within the psychiatric and psychoanalytic field.  The focus of this book is on the various contributors' views of unsolved and controversial issues in the field of psychiatric medicine. Because of its broad scope, a brief overview of its contents may be helpful for an idea of its format and purpose.  The book is divided into four parts. The first, Psychiatry and Medication, contains a chapter each on Movement Disorders Secondary to Psychotropic Medication, Antianxiety Medications, Lithium: Toward a Resolution of Clinical and Basic Science Rules Issues, Biological Treatments, and Antidepressant Medications. The discussions go beyond the basics of indications and clinical use to emphasize finer points and recent
Short- and Long-Term Cause of Death in Patients Treated With Primary PCI for STEMI
Authors: Frants Pedersen, Vitalij Butrymovich, Henning Kelbæk, Kristian Wachtell, Steffen Helqvist, Jens Kastrup, Lene Holmvang, Peter Clemmensen, Thomas Engstrøm, Peer Grande, Kari Saunamäki, Erik Jørgensen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Children
Authors: S. DUBOSE Ravenel
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In discussing the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in children, Bass et al state that "it has been previously demonstrated that treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis with either penicillin or erythromycin significantly alters the clinical course of the disease.<sup>17</sup>The mean duration of illness is two to three days in treated patients and six to seven days in untreated patients." The article by Haight<sup>1</sup>actually deals with the antibiotic treatment of patients with scarlet fever, and the author points out that 69% to 75% of the patients in his study had no clinical evidence of pharyngitis. He postulates that "scarlet fever is mainly a systemic disease and the throat is only transiently involved as a portal of entry." This study, cited by Bass, is not pertinent to the assertion that treatment significantly alters the course of streptococcal pharyngitis. In 1953, Denny et al<sup>2</sup>published the results
Down-regulation of tumor suppressor a kinase anchor protein 12 in human hepatocarcinogenesis by epigenetic mechanisms
Authors: Benjamin Goeppert, Peter Schmezer, Céline Dutruel, Christopher Oakes, Marcus Renner, Marco Breinig, Arne Warth, Monika Nadja Vogel, Michel Mittelbronn, Arianeb Mehrabi, Georg Gdynia, Roland Penzel, Thomas Longerich, Kai Breuhahn, Odilia Popanda, Christoph Plass, Peter Schirmacher, Michael André Kern
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

The A kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) is a central mediator of protein kinase A and protein kinase C signaling. Although AKAP12 has been described to act as a tumor suppressor and its expression is frequently down-regulated in several human malignancies, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the AKAP12 reduction are poorly understood. We therefore analyzed the expression of AKAP12 and its genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in human hepatocarcinogenesis. Based on tissue microarray analyses (n = 388) and western immunoblotting, we observed a significant reduction of AKAP12 in cirrhotic liver (CL), premalignant lesions (DN), and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) compared to histologically normal liver specimens (NL). Analyses of array comparative genomic hybridization data (aCGH) from human HCCs revealed chromosomal losses of AKAP12 in 36% of cases but suggested additional mechanisms underlying the observed reduction of AKAP12 expression in hepatocarcinogenesis. Quantitative methylation analysis by MassARRAY of NL, CL, DN, and HCC tissues, as well as of various tumorigenic and nontumorigenic liver cell lines revealed specific hypermethylation of the AKAP12α promoter but not of the AKAP12β promoter in HCC specimens and in HCC cell lines. Consequently, restoration experiments performed with 5-aza-2′deoxycytidine drastically increased AKAP12α mRNA levels in a HCC cell line (AKN1) paralleled by AKAP12α promoter demethylation. As hypermethylation is not observed in CL and DN, we investigated microRNA-mediated posttranscriptional regulation as an additional mechanism to explain reduced AKAP12 expression. We found that miR-183 and miR-186 are up-regulated in CL and DN and are able to target AKAP12. Conclusion: In addition to genetic alterations, epigenetic mechanisms are responsible for the reduction of the tumor suppressor gene AKAP12 in human hepatocarcinogenesis. (HEPATOLOGY 2010;.)
A5-02: Targeted therapy against VEGFR and/or EGFR signaling with AZD2171, vandetanib, and gefitinib as part of a combined modality approach for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Michael S. O'Reilly, Kazuhisa Furutani, Wenjuan Wu, Amir Onn, Anderson Ryan, Juliane M. Jürgensmeier, Ritsuko Komaki, Roy S. Herbst
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Ethical Dilemmas in the Care of the III
Authors: Leon R. Kass
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Physicians must continue to rely on their own powers of discernment and prudent judgment and not look to external "expert" guidance or expect simple solutions in facing the myriad ethical dilemmas in caring for the ill. Their ability to exercise the requisite virtues in particular cases requires, however, greater self-consciousness and thoughtfulness about the nature and purpose of medicine, including such questions as the following: Who and what is the physician? Whom and what does he serve? What is his relation to his patient and society? In exploring these questions, this article discusses how and why the medical profession's perception of its ethical dilemmas may differ from that of the broader American society and how physicians must respond to protect and preserve the integrity of their profession. (<i>JAMA</i>244:1811-1816, 1980)
Efficacy and tolerability of a Chinese herbal medicine concoction for treatment of atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: K.L.E. Hon, T.F. Leung, P.C. Ng, M.C.A. Lam, W.Y.C. Kam, K.Y. Wong, K.C.K. Lee, Y.T. Sung, K.F. Cheng, T.F. Fok, K.P. Fung, P.C. Leung
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Efficacy and tolerability of a Chinese herbal medicine concoction for treatment of atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study Get access K.L.E. Hon, K.L.E. Hon Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Correspondence: Dr Kam‐Lun Ellis Hon. E‐mail: ehon@cuhk.edu.hk; ehon@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.F. Leung, T.F. Leung Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C. Ng, P.C. Ng Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.C.A. Lam, M.C.A. Lam Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.Y.C. Kam, W.Y.C. Kam Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.Y. Wong, K.Y. Wong Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.C.K. Lee, K.C.K. Lee Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y.T. Sung, Y.T. Sung Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.F. Cheng, K.F. Cheng Institute of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.F. Fok, T.F. Fok Department of Paedviatrics, School of Pharmacy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more K.P. Fung, K.P. Fung Institute of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C. Leung P.C. Leung Institute of Chinese Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 2, 1 August 2007, Pages 357–363, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07941.x Published: 01 August 2007
Worsening of V′<sub>maxFRC</sub> in Infants with Chronic Lung Disease in the First Year of Life
Authors: Ward Hofhuis, Marianne W. A. Huysman, Els C. van der Wiel, Wim P. J. Holland, Wim C. J. Hop, Govert Brinkhorst, Johan C. de Jongste, Peter J. F. M. Merkus
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Little is known about the development of maximal flow at functional residual capacity, a measure of airway patency, in infants with chronic lung disease (CLD). In a follow-up study, we evaluated V′maxFRC in very low birth weight infants with CLD, treated with high-frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) or conventional mechanical ventilation. In 36 infants with CLD, V′maxFRC was evaluated at 6 and/or 12 months corrected age, and the relationship between perinatal factors and lung function was studied. Mean (SD) birth weight and gestational age were 837 (152) g and 26.8 (1.7) weeks, respectively. At 6 and 12 months, mean V′maxFRC was significantly below normal. Between 6 and 12 months, there was a mean (95% confidence interval) reduction in V′maxFRC (Z score) of 0.5 (0.2–0.7) (p < 0.001). At 12 months, the mean V′maxFRC (Z score) was higher for children initially treated with HFOV (n = 15), as compared with children treated with conventional mechanical ventilation (n = 16): mean (95% confidence interval) difference was 0.6 (0.2–1.0) (p = 0.008). We conclude that very low birth weight infants with CLD have decreased V′maxFRC that worsen during the first year of life. Initial treatment with HFOV was associated with a more favorable outcome of V′maxFRC at 12 months corrected age.
Hemodynamic Response to Norepinephrine with and without Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Porcine Endotoxemia
Authors: PARTHA DATTA, SHELDON MAGDER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

The objective of this study was to determine the circuit and cardiac effects of norepinephrine (NE) with and without endotoxin, and how these responses are modified by the inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). We anesthetized eight pigs and instrumented them for measurements of cardiac output (Q˙), arterial pressure (Part), and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa). We also placed a 40-ml balloon in the right atrium for transient obstruction of flow and measurement of the mean circulatory filling pressure (MCFP) and resistance to venous return (RVR). After baseline measurements, animals were treated with 10 μ g/kg/h of Escherichia coli endotoxin. At 105 min the measurements were repeated. We then infused 12.5 mg/kg of N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) for 10 min and repeated the measurements. At baseline, at the end of endotoxin infusion, and after l-NAME infusion we infused 3, 9, and 27 μ g/min of NE for 10 min each, and recorded hemodynamic measurements at each dose. NE shifted the venous return curve (i.e., increased MCFP) to the right without changing RVR, and increased cardiac output (CO) both at baseline and after endotoxin. Endotoxemia markedly flattened the dose–response curves for the change in Part, Ppa, CO, and heart rate with NE. The peak response of Part to NE after endotoxemia was restored with l-NAME, but the other dose–response curves were not affected. NE also did not shift the venous return curve after l-NAME. Furthermore, the increase in Part with NE was of shorter duration after l-NAME than in the baseline condition. In conclusion, NE shifts the venous return curve to the right and improves CO in endotoxic and nonendotoxic conditions. Endotoxemia decreases the arterial responsiveness to NE. l-NAME partly restored this loss of responsiveness in arteries but not in the venous circulation. Datta P, Magder S. Hemodynamic response to norepinephrine with and without inhibition of nitric oxide synthase in porcine endotoxemia.
The Academic Capabilities of Rehabilitation
Authors: John L. Caughey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THERE is no need in this country today to give testimony about the importance of rehabilitation services to people. Ample and convincing evidence has been accumulated about the medical, social, economic and personal values resulting from the provision of comprehensive rehabilitation programs for those who need such care. It is appropriate, however, to call attention to the largely unrealized capabilities of rehabilitation, both as a concept and as a community-service program, for significant contributions to academic medicine. There are good reasons for emphasizing the potential importance of rehabilitation in the education of the health professions, in research and in the . . .