tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial comparing colchicine and ursodeoxycholic acid combination to ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: R E Poupon, P M Huet, R Poupon, A Bonnand, J T Van Nhieu, E S Zafrani
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The efficacy of colchicine combined with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and UDCA alone in the treatment of patients with nonadvanced primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) was evaluated in a 2–year controlled study. Seventy–four patients with PBC who had been treated previously with UDCA (at least 8 months) but still had abnormal liver test results, especially elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, were randomized to be administered colchicine (1 mg/d, 5 days per week) (n = 37) or a placebo (n = 37). In addition, the patients were treated with UDCA (13–15 mg · kg–1 · day–1). The patients underwent clinical examination and liver tests every 6 months and upper endoscopy and liver biopsy at entry and at 2 years. Procollagen type III aminoterminal peptide (PIIINP), hyaluronic acid, and sulfobromophthalein (BSP) elimination kinetics were determined at entry and after 2 years. After 2 years of treatment, relative to UDCA, colchicine combined with UDCA did not significantly improve symptoms, laboratory findings (serum bilirubin level, alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase [ALT] activities, immunoglobulin [Ig] M level), serum markers of fibrosis, or histological features, except lobular inflammation. Colchicine did tend to slightly reduce the progression of esophageal varices; however, the difference was not significant. BSP elimination kinetics (45–minute retention percentage) was significantly improved when treated with colchicine. During the 2–year study, the only clinical complications were variceal bleeding in one patient administered colchicine and two administered the placebo. Two patients died from nonliver causes. One severe adverse effect (peripheral neuromyopathy) was observed in a colchicine–treated patient. In conclusion, this study suggests that colchicine appears to provide a slight advantage relative to UDCA alone in patients with nonadvanced PBC.
PREDICTORS OF SUBSEQUENT INTERVENTION AFTER INITIAL TREATMENT FOR ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION
Authors: Mark Lettinga, Himanshu Patel, Mark Peterson, Marek Ehrlich, Truls Myrmel, Lori Conklin, Firas Mussa, Joseph Bavaria, Thomas Gleason, Marco Di Eusanio, Daniel Montgomery, Kim Eagle, Eric Isselbacher, Christoph Nienaber, Santi Trimarchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
TCT-814 Health Related Quality of Life Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Results from the CoreValve ADVANCE Study
Authors: Johan Bosmans, Ulrich Gerckens, Peter Wenaweser, Corrado Tamburino, Stephen Brecker, Robert Bauernschmitt, Axel Linke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Apolipoprotein B Is an Innate Barrier against Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Authors: M. Michal Peterson, Jessica L. Mack, Pamela R. Hall, Anny A. Alsup, Susan M. Alexander, Erin K. Sully, Youhanna S. Sawires, Ambrose L. Cheung, Michael Otto, Hattie D. Gresham
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
IS RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK MORE POWERFUL PREDICTOR OF IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY THAN LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK? ANALYSIS FROM THE CARDIOLOGY REGISTRY
Authors: Abdurrazzak A. Gehani, Fahad Alkindi, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Abdulrahman Arabi, Awad Alqahtani, Ihsan Rafie, Rajvir Singh, Hajar Albinali
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Survival of women treated for early breast cancer detected by screening is same as in general population, audit shows
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Women who are treated for early breast cancer that is detected through the UK national screening programme have as good a survival rate as the general population, the latest available figures show.

Audit data from the Association of Breast Surgery and the NHS’s breast screening programme show that women with small, early stage breast cancers that were detected in 1990-1 and who were categorised as having a good or excellent prognosis had the same five year survival rate as the general public. This type of breast cancer accounts for nearly two thirds (61%) of those detected through the screening programme. Survival rates were similar among women whose cancer was detected by screening in 2000-1.

The overall five year relative survival for women with breast cancer detected by screening rose from 93.6% in 1990-1 to 96.4% in 2000-1. This rise …
Detection, Diagnostic Evaluation and Treatment of Dysplasia, Carcinoma In Situ and Early Invasive Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: J. H. Nelson, H. E. Averette, R. M. Richart
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1979)

trained in this field.The purpose of this article is to outline the detection, diagno sis and treatment of these early cervical lesions.
PLASMA PROTEIN METABOLISM—ELECTROPHORETIC STUDIES
Authors: L. J. Zeldis, E. L. Alling, A. B. McCoord, J. P. Kulka
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1945)

Electrophoretic patterns of human and dog plasma are markedly altered by the extraction of a large part of the plasma lipids. Total electrophoretic areas, relative areas of individual electrophoretic components, and electrophoretic albumin: globulin ratios undergo change. For human plasma, such extractions confirm previous observations that a particularly rich lipid content characterizes beta globulin. Abnormally large beta peaks regularly occur in the presence of elevated plasma lipids. Marked increases in gamma globulin, however, are also found to be due in large part to elevated plasma lipid levels in certain abnormal human plasmas. The greatest relative amount of lipid in dog plasma, in contrast to human plasma, is associated not with the beta globulin, but with components usually designated as alpha globulins. Not only the areas, but the configuration and the number of alpha globulin peaks in dog plasma are altered by the extraction of plasma lipids. The results demonstrate that increased alpha globulin areas which occur in the plasma of hypoproteinemic dogs are due in large part to elevated plasma lipid levels.
Clinical Pediatric Dermatology
Authors: Hugh A. Carithers
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Physicians who care for infants and children are challenged by problems involving the skin almost daily. One of the most impressive notations of the importance of skin diseases in pediatrics was made by the great pediatrician who was the first dean of the School of Medicine of Duke University, Wilbert C. Davison, MD. In the early editions of his bookThe Complete Pediatricianhe noted that among 147,359 pediatric hospital and dispensary visits in Baltimore, 16.5% were classified as skin diseases, this being third among eight classifications of disease. Even the two leaders are often accompanied by skin problems.  This book meets a need, and it is probably one of the most important pediatric books to appear in the last decade. As a pediatrician who, during many years of practice, has referred to dermatology books almost as frequently as to the classic generalized pediatric textbooks, I feel that with this
Reconstructive Plastic Surgery: Principles and Procedures in Correction, Reconstruction and Transplantation
Authors: Frank McDowell
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The five large volumes of<i>Reconstructive Plastic Surgery</i>constitute the only extant encyclopedia of plastic surgery. As such, they should be in the reference library of every institution and hospital teaching surgery, as well as in the working library of every plastic surgeon and student of plastic surgery. This is not to say, however, that this encyclopedia is without faults nor that it is, say, a plastic-surgery equivalent of Duke-Elder's work in ophthalmology. All works of this sort (particularly when as many as 76 authors are involved) are liable to complications of timid editing, mistakes in assignments, failure of some authors to come through, and writing that may be erratic and contradictory. On all of these points the present work suffers more than most encyclopedias. Exemplary chapters include those on congenital deformities of the auricle, rare craniofacial deformities, deformities of the jaws, hypospadias and epispadias, reconstructive surgery of the abdominal
Low Occupational Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among Dental Professionals
Authors: R S Klein, J A Phelan, K Freeman, C Schable, G H Friedland, N Trieger, N H Steigbigel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

We studied 1309 dental professionals (1132 dentists, 131 hygienists, and 46 assistants) without behavioral risk factors for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to determine their occupational risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Subjects completed questionnaires on behavior; type, duration, and location of their dental practice; infection-control practices; and estimated numbers of potential occupational exposures to HIV. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to HIV and to hepatitis B surface antigen (unvaccinated subjects). Fifty-one percent of the subjects practiced in locations where many cases of AIDS have been reported. Seventy-two percent treated patients who had AIDS or were at increased risk for it. Ninety-four percent reported accidental puncturing of the skin with instruments used in treating patients. Adherence to recommended infection-control practices was infrequent. Twenty-one percent of unvaccinated subjects had antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen. Only one dentist without a history of behavioral risk factors for AIDS had serum antibodies to HIV. We conclude that despite infrequent compliance with recommended infection-control precautions, frequent occupational exposure to persons at increased risk for HIV infection, and frequent accidental puncturing of the skin with sharp instruments, dental professionals are at low occupational risk for HIV infection.
The Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument asthma questionnaire: For use in diverse children of all ages
Authors: Sande O. Okelo, Michelle N. Eakin, Cecilia M. Patino, Alvin P. Teodoro, Andrew L. Bilderback, Darcy A. Thompson, Antonio Loiaza-Martinez, Cynthia S. Rand, Shannon Thyne, Gregory B. Diette, Kristin A. Riekert
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Cdc42/Rac1-dependent activation of the p21-activated kinase (PAK) regulates human platelet lamellipodia spreading: implication of the cortical-actin binding protein cortactin
Authors: Catherine Vidal, Blandine Geny, Josiane Melle, Martine Jandrot-Perrus, Michaëla Fontenay-Roupie
Journal: Blood (2002)
Is clinical effectiveness a management issue?
Authors: M. Dunning, M. Lugon, J. MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (1998)

of all carbon dioxide emissions, and vehicle exhaust is a potpourri of pollutants. 10 Preventing disease and injury may not be the most persuasive reason to reduce car use: improving quality of life should be the stimulus for change.Urban living would be more enjoyable without the drone of traffic, the smell of exhaust, and the danger.Bumping into someone in the street could be a welcome opportunity for interaction, not the precipitant of road rage.Less traffic might regenerate the supportive social networks of community interaction and revitalise our inner cities.And congestion is bad for business.The Confederation of British Industry estimates that road congestion costs Britain £20 billion a year.As a private member's bill the Road Traffic Reduction Bill will need government support to succeed.The Department of the Environment, Transport, and the Regions has already made clear its intention to get people out of their cars, and the bill provides it with an opportunity to match its concern with commitment.Neverthless, the bill does have political enemies in the shape of a well organised road lobby, representing those who sell cars, roads, and petrol, and even with government support may face parliamentary obstructionism.Those MPs who are tempted to filibuster should think instead about the quality of life of their own and their constitutents' children.
Phenytoin Toxicity Unlikely to Result in Arrhythmias
Authors: D. Adam Algren, Michael R. Christian
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Antiviral activity and safety of LB80380 in hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine-resistant disease
Authors: Man-Fung Yuen, Kwang-Hyub Han, Soon-Ho Um, Seung Kew Yoon, Hye-Ryon Kim, John Kim, Chung Ryeol Kim, Ching-Lung Lai
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

We aimed to determine the antiviral activity and safety of a new nucleotide analogue, LB80380, in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with lamivudine-resistant virus. Sixty-five patients with lamivudine-resistant virus were randomized to receive five ascending daily doses (30, 60, 90, 150, 240 mg) of LB80380. LB80380 was given together with lamivudine for the first 4 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of LB80380 monotherapy. This was then followed by 24 weeks of adefovir. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels, serology, liver biochemistry, and safety were monitored. The extent of the HBV DNA reduction at week 12 was dose-dependent. The mean reduction from baseline was 2.81, 3.21, 3.92, 4.16, and 4.00 log(10) copies/mL for the five ascending dose groups. The dose-proportionate effect was statistically significant (P < 0.001) with a decrease of HBV DNA levels by an average of 1.54 log(10) copies/mL for every 1-unit increase in log(10) dose of LB80380. In 93.4% of patients, HBV DNA decreased by >2 log(10) copies/mL, and 11.5% of patients had undetectable HBV DNA levels (<300 copies/mL) by week 12. HBV DNA suppression was maintained during the 24 weeks of adefovir treatment. Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion and normalization of alanine aminotransferase were seen in 14.6% and 24.6% of patients, respectively, at week 12; 44.6% of patients experienced mild and self-limiting adverse events, none of which were attributed to the study drug.LB80380 at doses of up to 240 mg is safe, well tolerated, and effective at reducing viral load in CHB patients with lamivudine-resistant virus for a period of 12 weeks.
Oophorectomy Performed Successfully for Menstrual Epilepsy
Authors: L. Tait
Journal: BMJ (1879)

be. no doubt that the drug had a direct influence in checking the attacks.In the present instance, this could hardly be due to the elimination of any material from the blood, since there was no urxmic element in the causation of the convulsions.Nor did the effect upon the pulse, as shown by the sphygmograph, appear to be sufficient to make the explanation probable that its mode of action was by causing relaxation of any arterial spasm.As an oxytocic, the pilocarpine ap- peared in this case to be absolutely without any effect.No further convulsions occurred after delivery, and the patient recovered well.
Scintigraphic Findings in Proximal Interruption of the Right Pulmonary Artery
Authors: WAN-YU LIN, CHIA-HUNG KAO, CHUNG-YUAN HSU, SHU-QUINN LIAO, SHYH-JEN WANG, SHIN-HWA YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly. The authors present the case of a 24-year-old patient with hemoptysis. Typical findings of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion scintigraphy are demonstrated.
Estimating national poverty rates and their effect on mortality: 129 countries, 1990–2013
Authors: J Dieleman, T Templin
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2015)

BackgroundA country's wealth is an established predictor of population health outcomes. The distribution of wealth within a country is also associated with health outcomes, yet the relation between poverty and health outcomes has not been as widely assessed in cross-country studies because of insufficient data. In this study, we construct 22 complete, yet distinct, poverty data series and test how poverty can explain variation in health.MethodsThe World Bank's International Comparison Program estimates the number of people living at or below US$1·25 per day using more than 800 household surveys. However, this data series is far from complete. We build from the World Bank dataset and use covariates and intertemporal trends to generate a complete data series for 129 countries for 1990–2013. We used a variable selection process based on linear regression and Bayesian model selection to derive a tractable set of predictors. To predict national poverty rates at 51 different income thresholds, we used 20 variants of three models and relied on out-of-sample validation to choose the best model. Finally, we use fixed-effects linear regression techniques to test how national poverty rates are associated with changes in adult and child mortality.FindingsA three-stage model based on multiple imputation, hierarchical random-effects estimation, and Gaussian process regression out performs all other methods used to estimate national poverty rates. We noted that the number of people living on $1·25 per day is being reduced in most parts of the world, although in some regions of Africa the extreme poverty count is increasing. When poverty is defined as living on $5·00 per day, we see that the number of people living in poverty is increasing in 88 countries (68·2%) in our sample. Finally, our analysis shows that escaping extreme poverty, as currently defined as living at or below $1·25 per day, is not sufficient to produce great improvements in population health. When poverty is redefined at a larger income threshold, reductions in national poverty rates predict more substantial population health gains.InterpretationSince 1990, there has been a great deal of progress made in reducing the number of people living at or below $1·25 per day. We provide evidence that increasing an individual's income above $1·25 is not associated with dramatically improved health. Instead, an income closer to $5·00 per day seems to be more closely associated with improved population health. This research highlights that, while reducing the number of people living at or below $1·25 per day is important for better health outcomes, more income is required for substantial improvements in population health.FundingThe Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
Tissue-specific growth suppression and chemosensitivity promotion in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by retroviral-mediated transfer of the wild-type p53 gene
Authors: G W Xu, Z T Sun, K Forrester, X W Wang, J Coursen, C C Harris
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Selective expression of cytotoxic gene products in tumor cells is one of the goals of gene therapy for treating cancer. We are developing such a strategy for the treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by linking the wild-type p53 (WT-p53) gene with HCC-associated transcriptional control elements (TCE) to achieve selective growth inhibition of retrovirally transduced HCC cells. Replication-defective, amphotrophic retroviruses were constructed containing a WT-p53 complementary DNA (cDNA) that is transcriptionally regulated by the HCC-associated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene TCE. Expression of exogenous WT-p53 from this retroviral vector was limited to AFP-producing cells. Introduction of WT-p53 into AFP-positive HCC cells by retroviral infection markedly inhibited their clonal growth in monolayer and soft agar cultures, and increased the sensitivity of these cells to the chemotherapeutic drug, cisplatin. Therefore, restoration of WT-p53 expression in HCC cells, in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs, can be considered as a strategy for the therapy of human liver cancer.
Lipid Level Alterations in the Helsinki Heart Study
Authors: Thomas J. Bassler
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  Manninen et al1prove again that lowering the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level lowers the risk of coronary disease.  What is missing is evidence that they have also lowered all-cause mortality. Since the treated subjects in this study experienced only two fewer fatal heart attacks, it would take only two noncoronary deaths to invalidate their conclusion that gemfibrozil was effective in the primary prevention of CHD.
Force-pCa relation and troponin T isoforms of rabbit myocardium.
Authors: R Nassar, N N Malouf, M B Kelly, A E Oakeley, P A Anderson
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

We have previously reported the existence of at least four troponin T isoforms in rabbit ventricular muscle and described the changes in their distribution with development. In this report we test whether the proportions of the troponin T isoforms are related to the sensitivity of the myofilaments to calcium. We measured the force-pCa relations in 12 detergent-skinned ventricular strands of cardiac muscle from newborn (2-5-day-old) rabbits. We determined from each strand the amount of each troponin T isoform relative to the total amount of troponin T by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and densitometric scans of Western blots probed with a cardiac-specific troponin T monoclonal antibody, MAb 13-11. To assess the presence of different relative amounts of cardiac and slow skeletal troponin I among the strands, we determined the amount of cardiac troponin I relative to tropomyosin. We determined the Hill coefficient and the pCa for half-maximal force, pCa50, for each strand. pCa50 was related directly to the relative amount of troponin T2 (pslope = 0.037). Our results do not indicate a relation between the Hill coefficient and troponin T2. We also did not find a relation between pCa50 and the cardiac troponin I/tropomyosin ratio, which suggests that the correlation between pCa50 and troponin T2 was not a result of changes in the relative amounts of cardiac and slow skeletal muscle troponin I. Our findings indicate that a relation exists between the force-pCa characteristics of rabbit myocardium and the troponin T isoforms that it expresses, suggesting a role for troponin T in modulating the sensitivity of cardiac myofilaments to calcium.