tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Failure of bromocriptine to maintain reduction in size of a macroprolactinoma.
Authors: H D Breidahl, D J Topliss, J W Pike
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A patient with a macroprolactinoma was treated with bromocriptine 15 mg daily. Both the size of the tumour as shown by computed tomography and the serum prolactin concentration decreased over several months but then increased. The dose of bromocriptine was increased to 40 mg daily but tumour growth continued, and the tumour was resected. Production of prolactin by cultured cells was not inhibited by high concentrations of bromocriptine, suggesting that regrowth of the tumour was due to cells resistant to dopamine agonist action. This case of regrowth of a prolactinoma during bromocriptine treatment after an initial reduction in size indicates the need for close surveillance especially of patients whose serum prolactin concentration fails to fall into the normal range with bromocriptine treatment.
Experimental Preparation W-483 in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: William H. Timberlake, Robert S. Schwab
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE past six years have seen the development of a number of new synthetic chemicals whose safety in animal experiments has permitted their trial in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. One of them, Panparnit, was introduced in Switzerland by Hartmann1 in 1946, but his enthusiastic report was not substantiated by other clinical investigators. Sciarra and his colleagues,2 for example, found the drug to be of no use whatsoever in the treatment of this condition and the report by Schwab and Leigh3 fell in between these opposite opinions. Extreme divergence of opinion has been characteristic of therapeutic claims in the treatment . . .
Clinical markers for the identification of gene carriers in naxos disease families
Authors: Nikos Protonotarios, Adalena Tsatsopoulou, Aris Anastasakis, Elias Sevdalis, Artemisia Theopistou, Antigone Miliou, Angelos Rigopoulos, Evangelia Karvouni, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Pavlos Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
GPs' pay rise will be linked to treatment of patients most in need
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The government and the BMA have agreed a package of changes to the GP contract for 2009-10 that they say will better match doctors’ pay to their ability to meet the health needs of their local communities, especially people with the poorest health.

The changes will apply to the general medical services contract in England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The Department of Health; BMA; and NHS Employers, which represents trusts in England, will submit evidence on the pay rise that GPs should get for 2009-10 to the doctors’ and dentists’ review body (DDRB), which will report its decision next year.

The changes to the contract are designed to reduce …
Reviews and Notes: Euthanasia and Other Medical Decisions Concerning the End of Life; and Dying and Death in Law and Medicine: A Forensic Primer for Health and Legal Professionals
Authors: Daniel P. Sulmasy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine15 January 1994Reviews and Notes: Euthanasia and Other Medical Decisions Concerning the End of Life; and Dying and Death in Law and Medicine: A Forensic Primer for Health and Legal ProfessionalsDaniel P. Sulmasy, MDDaniel P. Sulmasy, MDGeorgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-2-199401150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Euthanasia and Other Medical Decisions Concerning the End of LifeP. J. van der Maas, J. J. M. van Delden, and L. Pijnenborg. 262 pages. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1992. $160.50.Dying and Death in Law and Medicine: A Forensic Primer for Health and Legal ProfessionalsArthur S. Berger. 227 pages. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger; 1993. $49.95.When the disciplines of law, ethics, and medicine confront an issue such as death, the relation among them becomes, as Alice once said, “curiouser and curiouser.” It is intriguing, for instance, that Dutch physicians have recently been granted immunity from prosecution for what still remains the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1994Volume 120, Issue 2Page: 173KeywordsBrainDrugsElectroencephalographyEuthanasiaForensicsHealth careImmunityPatientsProspective studiesSuicide ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Use of a Heimlich flutter valve for pneumothorax in cystic fibrosis.
Authors: F P Edenborough, I Hussain, D E Stableforth
Journal: Thorax (1994)

The use of a Heimlich flutter valve in an adult patient with cystic fibrosis with hypercapnic respiratory failure which allowed resolution of a persisting pneumothorax after failure of conventional tube drainage is reported. The patient was managed at home and avoided surgical pleurodesis which could have jeopardised transplantation at a later date.
Using a customized DNA microarray for expression profiling of the estrogen-responsive genes to evaluate estrogen activity among natural estrogens and industrial chemicals.
Authors: Shunichi Terasaka, Yukie Aita, Akio Inoue, Shinichi Hayashi, Michiko Nishigaki, Kazuhiko Aoyagi, Hiroki Sasaki, Yuko Wada-Kiyama, Yasuo Sakuma, Shuichi Akaba, Junko Tanaka, Hideko Sone, Junzo Yonemoto, Masao Tanji, Ryoiti Kiyama
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

We developed a DNA microarray to evaluate the estrogen activity of natural estrogens and industrial chemicals. Using MCF-7 cells, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of estrogen-responsive genes among approximately 20,000 human genes. On the basis of reproducible and reliable responses of the genes to estrogen, we selected 172 genes to be used for developing a customized DNA microarray. Using this DNA microarray, we examined estrogen activity among natural estrogens (17beta-estradiol, estriol, estrone, genistein), industrial chemicals (diethylstilbestrol, bisphenol A, nonylphenol, methoxychlor), and dioxin. We obtained results identical to those for other bioassays that are used for detecting estrogen activity. On the basis of statistical correlations analysis, these bioassays have shown more sensitivity for dioxin and methoxychlor.
Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Tumor Ingrowth in Expandable Esophageal Stents
Authors: D. M. Scheider, M. Siemens, M. Cirocco, G. B. Haber, G. Kandel, P. Kortan, N. E. Marcon
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Background and Study Aims: Tumor ingrowth through self-expanding metal stents presents a difficult problem for management. The techniques for treating tumor ingrowth have not yet been well described, and the optimal endoscopic approach is not clear. We have recently used photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat tumor ingrowth through uncovered nitinol mesh stents.
Penicillin in Scarlet Fever
Authors: D. A. Long
Journal: BMJ (1948)

MBRICASH 73 for insurance practitioners to put in notices of resignation from the N.H.I. service and for members of National Service and Ministry of Pensions Medical Boards to do likewise.This would serve to show this dictator-minded Minister that we are by no means disposed to walk into his parlour or to succumb to his ruthless threat of force, and that we at last realize that we can place no trust whatever in his word.Having marked our disapproval in this unmistakable fashion, we could then settle down with quieter minds to hold our plebiscite, and to get ready for the inevitable conflict.
The Care of Patients: Perspectives and Practices
Authors: David L. Schiedermayer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

There are some books that only patients can write, and others that only physicians can write. Here is a book written by a physician that manages, through the voice of compassion and the sheer force of more than half a century of clinical experience, to span the gap and end up somewhere in the middle. The intent of this book is to counterbalance the current tendency to see patients as collections of diseased organs, a tendency that has been opposed by "humanistic medicine" but that, the author argues, is still the prevailing modern medical perspective on illness. The technical language and scientific style make the book most appropriate for medical students, residents, and practicing physicians, but the focus on the patient also makes it useful for other health professionals and interested members of the lay public as well. The book is divided into five chapters, each interlaced with quotations, examples,
Form and Function in the Human Lung
Authors: Theodore Rodman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This small volume contains a wealth of valuable information concerning the structure and physiology of the normal and abnormal lung. Its contributors include most of the outstanding workers in the field. Many of the concepts presented are quite new, stimulating, and, indeed, occasionally controversial. The volume is divided into five sections based on the five sessions of the symposium: (1) the structure of the lung and the changes induced by disease, (2) factors determining gas concentration in the alveoli and the role of regional and stratified inhomogeneity, (3) factors determining blood flow in the pulmonary circulation, (4) the development of pulmonary hypertension and its relation to structural changes, and (5) the diagnosis of emphysema during life. Each section in turn is composed of two to four well-written and welledited chapters. There is little or no overlap between sections and chapters, a fault commonly encountered in multiauthored symposia. The discussion which
COMPARISON OF CORONARY ANEURYSM AFTER STENT IMPLANTATION BETWEEN DRUG-ELUTING STENT AND BARE METAL STENT: LONG-TERM CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Haruki Eguchi, Kazushige Kadota, Shunsuke Kubo, Masatomo Ozaki, Nobuaki Yamauchi, Mitsuru Yoshino, Koshi Miyake, Noriyuki Ohashi, Yuki Hayakawa, Naoki Saito, Suguru Otsuru, Daiji Hasegawa, Yoshikazu Shigemoto, Seiji Habara, Takeshi Tada, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Takeshi Maruo, Akitoshi Hirono, Shingo Hosogi, Yasushi Fuku, Naoki Oka, Harumi Katoh, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Acute coronary syndromes without ST segment elevation
Authors: Ron J G Peters, Shamir Mehta, Salim Yusuf
Journal: BMJ (2007)

In the United Kingdom, about 114 000 patients with acute coronary syndromes are admitted to hospital each year.1 More than 5.5 million patients present to a US emergency department with chest pain and other symptoms related to acute coronary syndrome each year.2 Acute coronary syndrome is seen in people of all ages, races, and socioeconomic backgrounds.

#### Summary points

The diagnosis and management of acute coronary syndromes have been evolving rapidly in recent years. New antithrombotic agents have improved the results of medical treatment, and new methods of estimating a patient's risk of an adverse outcome help clinicians to decide who may benefit from invasive treatment—that is, coronary angiography and subsequent revascularisation (percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass surgery). As these therapeutic decisions need to be made soon after admission, the classification of acute coronary syndromes is now based on the information that is available on admission.

Acute coronary syndromes generally represent acute complications of chronic atherosclerotic disease of the coronary arteries. The progressive accumulation of inflammatory materials and lipids over the years can ultimately lead to erosions of the intima or rupture of lipid rich plaques. …
On Policymaking in Medicine
Authors: Jerome K. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I concur heartily with the COMMENTARY entitled "On Policy-making in Medicine," by Charles N. Verheyden, MD, PhD (1981;245:825). Being one of the "physician politicians," who is also in full-time private practice, I found particularly appropriate his comments on the difficulty of serving one's professional organization while at the same time maintaining an economically viable practice. I do it by saying "no" and limiting my service to things I believe are essential, limiting my meetings to weekends when possible. I am therefore still available for consultations and emergencies and find that I am able to handle both the world of practice and the world of organization medicine.
Clonal trisomy 8 is associated with myeloid phenotype rather than the neoplastic transformation in acute leukemia
Authors: William F. Cassano, Marilyn S. Hintz
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract Our studies of an acute leukemia with a clonal t(1;11) marker have demonstrated a conversion from pre‐B cell to myelomonocytic phenotype associated with the acquisition of trisomy 8. This finding suggests that trisomy 8, a frequent clonal abnormality in acute myeloid leukemias, may be associated with the myeloid phenotype rather than the neoplastic transformation. A permanent myelomonocytic cell line, designated UF‐SK1, has been established from leukemic cells with a 47,XX, + 8,t(1;11) (p31;q25) karyotype and shown to have myelomonocytic characteristics, including phorbol ester‐induced differentiation to macrophages. This new cell line will be a valuable tool in the study of leukemogenesis and lineage commitment.
Clustering of missense mutations in the ataxia-telanglectasia gene in a sporadic T-cell leukaemia
Authors: Igor Vořechovský, Liping Luo, Martin J.S. Dyer, Daniel Catovsky, Peter L. Amlot, John C. Yaxley, Letizia Foroni, Lennart Hammarström, A. David B. Webster, Martin A.R. Yuille
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
The Library of the El Paso County Medical Society.
Authors: C. D. Spivak
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Denver, June 1, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —There are but few cities in the United States with a population of less than 25,000 that can boast of a medical library. I was, therefore, agreeably surprised to find one in a recent visit to Colorado Springs. It is housed in a separate alcove in the Corbin Library of the Colorado College. It contains over one thousand books, all arranged in alphabetical order by authors under the following classification: 1, Anatomy; 2, biographies; 3, chemistry; 4, dentistry; 5, gynecology; 6, hygiene; 7, history; 8, materia medica; 9, medical diagnosis; 10, medical jurisprudence; 11, medicine; 12, miscellaneous; 13, obstetrics; 14, pathology: 15, periodicals and reprints; 16, physiology; 17, reference books; 18, reports; 19, surgery; 20, veterinary. All medical journals are arranged alphabetically by titles. Reprints are filed in cases under an approximate classification by subjects. A card catalogue arranged by subjects is placed
Targeted inhibition of HBV gene expression by single-chain antibody mediated small interfering RNA delivery
Authors: Wei-Hong Wen, Jia-Yun Liu, Wei-Jun Qin, Jing Zhao, Tao Wang, Lin-Tao Jia, Yan-Ling Meng, Hui Gao, Cai-Fang Xue, Bo-Quan Jin, Li-Bo Yao, Si-Yi Chen, An-Gang Yang
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

RNA interference is highly effective at inhibiting HBV gene expression and replication. However, before small interfering RNA (siRNA) can be used in the clinic, it is essential to develop a system to target their delivery. Antibody-mediated delivery is a novel approach for targeting siRNA to appropriate cells. In this report, we asked whether this siRNA delivery strategy would be effective against HBV. Of 5 candidates, a specific siRNA that effectively inhibited HBV gene expression and replication was determined. Two fusion proteins, s-tP and sCkappa-tP, were constructed to contain a single chain of the human variable fragment, scFv, against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), a truncated protamine (tP), and in the case of sCkappa-tP, a constant region of the kappa chain (Ckappa). S-tP and sCkappa-tP were developed to provide targeted delivery of the siRNA, siRNA expressing cassettes (SEC), and siRNA-producing plasmids. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-siRNA, fluorescein isothiocyanate-SEC, and plasmid DNA were specifically delivered into HBsAg-positive cells using the sCkappa-tP fusion protein, and effectively inhibited HBV gene expression and replication. HBV gene expression was also inhibited by siRNA or siRNA-producing plasmids in HBV transgenic mice.Our results describe a potential method for the targeted delivery of siRNA or siRNA-producing plasmids against HBV, using anti-HBsAg fusion proteins.
Increased Adiposity at Diagnosis in Younger Children With Type 1 Diabetes Does Not Persist: Response to d'Annunzio et al.
Authors: Kim C. Donaghue, Samantha L. Clarke, Maria E. Craig, Sarah P. Garnett, Albert K. Chan, Christopher T Cowell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

In contrast to the results of our study (1), d’Annunzio et al. (2) did not find younger children to be more obese at diagnosis compared with older children and speculate that our purported threshold of higher adiposity for earlier onset of type 1 diabetes has not been reached in Italy yet. We agree with their speculation; younger Italian children had a much lower BMI SD score (SDS) (0.26) …
PRE-HYPERTENSION IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH DELAYED HEART-RATE RECOVERY DURING EXERCISE STRESS TEST
Authors: Ehimen Aneni, Lara Roberson, Michael Blaha, Shaharyar Sameer, Arthur Agatston, Roger Blumenthal, Raquel Conceicao, Jose Carvalho, Khurram Nasir, Raul Santos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) step-up may trigger acute coronary events
Authors: S. Ehara, M. Ueda, T. Naruko, H. Itagane, K. Haze, H. Ilabe, T. Takano, Y. Tsukamoto, A.E. Becker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Unblocking coronary arteries.
Authors: M C Petch
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Unblocking coronary arteriesCoronary arteries become blocked by atheroma and thrombus.Coronary atheroma is the fundamental process and accounts for all the clinical manifestations of ischaemic heart disease; thrombus occurs in acute myocardial infarction.1Both processes may be preventable.We know that the risk of developing ischaemic heart disease is associated with cigarette smoking, a high serum cholesterol concentration, lack of exercise, and high blood pressure.Wherever possible we
Inhibition of osteoblastogenesis and promotion of apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes by glucocorticoids. Potential mechanisms of their deleterious effects on bone.
Authors: R S Weinstein, R L Jilka, A M Parfitt, S C Manolagas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Glucocorticoid-induced bone disease is characterized by decreased bone formation and in situ death of isolated segments of bone (osteonecrosis) suggesting that glucocorticoid excess, the third most common cause of osteoporosis, may affect the birth or death rate of bone cells, thus reducing their numbers. To test this hypothesis, we administered prednisolone to 7-mo-old mice for 27 d and found decreased bone density, serum osteocalcin, and cancellous bone area along with trabecular narrowing. These changes were accompanied by diminished bone formation and turnover, as determined by histomorphometric analysis of tetracycline-labeled vertebrae, and impaired osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, as determined by ex vivo bone marrow cell cultures. In addition, the mice exhibited a threefold increase in osteoblast apoptosis in vertebrae and showed apoptosis in 28% of the osteocytes in metaphyseal cortical bone. As in mice, an increase in osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis was documented in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Decreased production of osteoclasts explains the reduction in bone turnover, whereas decreased production and apoptosis of osteoblasts would account for the decline in bone formation and trabecular width. Furthermore, accumulation of apoptotic osteocytes may contribute to osteonecrosis. These findings provide evidence that glucocorticoid-induced bone disease arises from changes in the numbers of bone cells.
Native T1 in Discrimination of Acute and Convalescent Stages in Patients With Clinical Diagnosis of Myocarditis
Authors: Rocio Hinojar, Lucy Foote, Eduardo Arroyo Ucar, Thomas Jackson, Andrew Jabbour, Chung-Yao Yu, Jane McCrohon, David M. Higgins, Gerry Carr-White, Manuel Mayr, Eike Nagel, Valentina O. Puntmann
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)

This study investigated whether T1 mapping by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) reflects the clinical evolution of disease in myocarditis and supports its diagnosis independently of the disease stages. Acute viral myocarditis is characterized by a range of intracellular changes due to viral replication and extracellular spill of debris within days of viral infection. Convalescence may be characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation leading to ventricular remodelling, but also a complete resolution of myocardial changes. Patients with clinical diagnosis of viral myocarditis (N = 165) underwent routine clinical CMR protocol (1.5- and 3.0-T) for assessment of cardiac function and structure, and tissue characterization with T2-weighted imaging and late gadolinium enhancement. T1 mapping was obtained in a mid-ventricular short-axis slice before and >20 min after administration of 0.2 mmol/kg of gadobutrol. Compared with control subjects (n = 40), T1 indexes were increased in patients with myocarditis. Patients with acute symptoms (n = 61) had higher values of T1 indexes compared with patients in clinical convalescence (n = 67). Native T1 is an independent discriminator between health and disease, as well as a discriminator between acute and convalescent stage of the disease. Native T1- was superior to T2-weighted imaging and late gadolinium enhancement with high diagnostic accuracy and positive and negative predictive values. Using pre-defined cutoff values for normal ranges, we demonstrated that acute myocarditis can be independently identified by native T1 of >5 SD above the mean of normal range, whereas convalescence is best defined by either abnormal native T1 (>2 SD) or presence of late gadolinium enhancement. We prospectively tested a new diagnostic algorithm in an independent dataset of patients with clinical diagnosis of myocarditis and achieved similar diagnostic performance. The new diagnostic algorithm using native T1 can reliably discriminate between health and disease and determine the clinical disease stage in patients with a clinical diagnosis of myocarditis.
Rapid Screening Tests for HIV
Authors: S. C. Arya
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The report<sup>1</sup>on the rapid latex agglutination test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening, using a novel recombinant envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus, is encouraging because of its low cost, operational simplicity, and excellent sensitivity and specificity in comparison with Western blot results. Nevertheless, the encouraging findings on HIV screening among 1600 consecutive potential blood donors, tested by recently trained Zairian technicians, should not lead to universal acceptance of the latex agglutination system in the vast developing areas of Africa, Latin America, and Asia, where even the performance of otherwise efficient immunobiologicals has continued to be dismal. High ambient temperatures far exceeding 40°C, marked diurnal variation in sunlight, and humidity and drought that are a rule rather than exception in such areas have all been incriminated in the continuing failure of immunobiologicals.<sup>2</sup>Similar mishaps with otherwise promising diagnostic reagents for AIDS for such