tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Plasma D-dimer Levels Among Patients Undergoing Pulmonary Angiography for Suspected Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To test the hypothesis that a low D-dimer level has a high negative predictive value for acute pulmonary embolism (PE) among patients undergoing diagnostic pulmonary angiography.Blinded comparison of quantitative plasma D-dimer levels, measured using a monoclonal antibody assay, with pulmonary angiographic results from 173 patients with suspected acute PE.Tertiary care setting at fur participating institutions.Plasma samples were analyzed in 173 patients who underwent diagnostic pulmonary arteriography for suspected acute PE.Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of quantitative plasma D-dimer levels for the diagnosis of PE, using pulmonary angiographic data as the criterion standard test.Of 35 patients with D-dimer values less than 500 ng/mL, only three had abnormal pulmonary angiograms. The negative predictive value of a plasma D-dimer level less than 500 ng/mL for acute PE was 91.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76.9% to 98.2%). D-dimer levels were greater than 500 ng/mL in 42 of 45 patients with PE and in 96 of 128 patients without PE (P = .016). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of a plasma D-dimer level greater than 500 ng/mL for acute PE were 93.3% (95% CI, 81.7% to 98.6%), 25.0% (95% CI, 17.5% to 32.5%), and 30.4% (95% CI, 22.8% to 38.1%), respectively.The results of our study indicate that quantitative plasma D-dimer levels can be useful in screening patients with suspected PE who require pulmonary angiography. Plasma D-dimer values less than 500 ng/mL may obviate the need for pulmonary angiography, particularly among medical patients for whom the clinical suspicion of PE is low. The plasma D-dimer value, assayed using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, is a sensitive but nonspecific test for the presence of acute PE.
Doppler Estimation of Left Ventricular Filling Pressures in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sherif F. Nagueh, Nasser M. Lakkis, Katherine J. Middleton, William H. Spencer, William A. Zoghbi, Miguel A. Quiñones
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Conventional Doppler parameters are unreliable for estimating left ventricular (LV) filling pressures in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This study was undertaken to evaluate flow propagation velocity by color M-mode and early diastolic annular velocity (Ea) by tissue Doppler 2 new indices of LV relaxation, combined with mitral E velocity for estimation of filling pressures in HCM.Thirty-five HCM patients (52+/-15 years) underwent LV catheterization simultaneously with 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Pulsed Doppler echocardiography of mitral and pulmonary venous flows was obtained along with flow propagation velocity and Ea. LV preA pressure had weak or no relations with mitral, pulmonary venous velocities and atrial volumes. In contrast, preA pressure related strongly to E velocity/flow propagation velocity (r=0.67; SEE=4) and E/Ea (r=0.76; SEE=3.4). In 17 patients with repeat measurements, preA pressure changes were well detected by measuring E velocity/flow propagation velocity (r=0.68; P=0.01) or E/Ea (r=0.8; P<0.001). PreA pressure estimation with these 2 methods was tested prospectively in 17 additional HCM patients with good results (E velocity/flow propagation velocity, r=0.76; E/Ea, r=0.82).LV filling pressures can be estimated with reasonable accuracy in HCM patients by measuring E velocity/flow propagation velocity or E/Ea. These ratios also track changes in filling pressures.
Cancer of the Colon, Rectum and Anal Canal
Authors: William W. Krippaehne
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>Atlas of Anorectal Surgery.</h3> By Richard A. Lockwood. 236 pp, 214 illus by Joseph M. Yuhasz. $16. Blakiston Division, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 330 W 42nd St, New York 10036, 1964 <i>Cancer of the Colon, Rectum and Anal Canal</i>is a comprehensive treatise, clearly written and amply illustrated. The early chapters deal with basic aspects of colon anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the region. The greater part of the book, however, is concerned with the author's experience of 22 years with 2,160 patients having cancer of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The opinions and experiences of others in the same field are reviewed and compared with his own. Greatly welcomed is the author's presentation of his own guidelines to the various problems after sifting alternatives. Throughout this book, one is impressed by the investigative mind of the author. He has recognized problems, asked why, and defined an answer based upon investigation and
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due to Hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale) - A Case Report
Authors: D. K. Bhargava, S. Dasarathy, G. C. Chowdhry, A. C. Anand, V. Saraswat
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

See also: Endoscopic Discovery and Capture of Necator americanus in the StomachEndoscopy 1983; 15(02): 65-66DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021467
Synthetic human parathyroid hormone-like protein stimulates bone resorption and causes hypercalcemia in rats.
Authors: A F Stewart, M Mangin, T Wu, D Goumas, K L Insogna, W J Burtis, A E Broadus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Parathyroid hormone-like adenylate cyclase-stimulating proteins (hACSPs) have been implicated as one of the calcemic, bone-resorbing agents in patients with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. We report the synthesis of an amino-terminal hACSP fragment, Tyr36 hACSP (1-36) amide. The synthetic hACSP is a potent agonist of renal membrane adenylate cyclase (Km, 1.7 X 10(-10)) and of bone cell adenylate cyclase (Km 1 X 10(-9)M). It is a potent bone-resorbing agent in vitro, stimulating 45Ca release from fetal rat long bones at a concentration of 10(-9) M. When infused via osmotic minipumps into rats, it is also a potent calcemic factor in vivo, inducing a rise in serum calcium from (mean +/- SD) 10.6 +/- 0.6 to 19.7 +/- 3.2 mg/dl when infused at 1.4 micrograms/h and from 9.9 +/- 0.7 to 11.4 +/- 1.2 mg/dl when infused at 0.14 micrograms/h. These findings indicate that biologically active hACSP fragments can be synthesized. One such synthetic peptide possesses the in vitro and in vivo bioactivities demonstrated in native, tumor-derived hACSPs. It is also a potent calcemic, bone-resorbing agent.
Good Vibrations and the Power of Positron Thinking: Positron Emission Tomography and Endoscopic Ultrasound in Staging of Mesothelioma—Two Case Reports
Authors: Craig P. Carden, James S. Myerson, Sanjay Popat, Ana Montes, James M.G. Larkin, Martin J. Benson, Mary E.R. O'Brien
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Catalase overexpression prevents hypertension and tubular apoptosis in angiotensinogen transgenic mice
Authors: Nicolas Godin, Fang Liu, Garnet J. Lau, Marie-Luise Brezniceanu, Isabelle Chénier, Janos G. Filep, Julie R. Ingelfinger, Shao-Ling Zhang, John S.D. Chan
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
The Limits of Renal Functional Adjustment in Uremia.
Authors: S. E. Bradley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961The Limits of Renal Functional Adjustment in Uremia.S. E. Bradley, M.D., F.A.C.P.S. E. Bradley, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1061_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe capacity of the kidney to adjust to various stressful conditions has been studied in patients with severe chronic renal insufficiency, secondary to chronic renal disease.Changes in excretion of water, sodium, and potassium have been studied in relation to output of inulin and sodium para-aminohippurate during abdominal compression or assumption of the upright position. The results indicate a much more pronounced ability to alter urinary composition and volume than is evident clinically.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1061-1061KeywordsChronic kidney diseaseExcretionPotassiumRenal diseasesSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Nuclear waste transportation: case studies of identifying stakeholder risk information needs.
Authors: Christina H Drew, Deirdre A Grace, Susan M Silbernagel, Erin S Hemmings, Alan Smith, William C Griffith, Timothy K Takaro, Elaine M Faustman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is responsible for the cleanup of our nation's nuclear legacy, involving complex decisions about how and where to dispose of nuclear waste and how to transport it to its ultimate disposal site. It is widely recognized that a broad range of stakeholders and tribes should be involved in this kind of decision. All too frequently, however, stakeholders and tribes are only invited to participate by commenting on processes and activities that are near completion; they are not included in the problem formulation stages. Moreover, it is often assumed that high levels of complexity and uncertainty prevent meaningful participation by these groups. Considering the types of information that stakeholders and tribes need to be able to participate in the full life cycle of decision making is critical for improving participation and transparency of decision making. Toward this objective, the Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP) participated in three public processes relating to nuclear waste transportation and disposal in 1997-1998. First, CRESP organized focus groups to identify concerns about nuclear waste transportation. Second, CRESP conducted exit surveys at regional public workshops held by DOE to get input from stakeholders on intersite waste transfer issues. Third, CRESP developed visual tools to synthesize technical information and allow stakeholders and tribes with varying levels of knowledge about nuclear waste to participate in meaningful discussion. In this article we share the results of the CRESP findings, discuss common themes arising from these interactions, and comment on special considerations needed to facilitate stakeholder and tribal participation in similar decision-making processes.
Crescent-Shaped Tc-99m MDP Accumulation in the Bladder
Authors: Yagmur Cengiz, Kekilli Ersoy, Esenkaya Irfan, Kilic Suleyman, Aydin Omer Murat
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 28-year-old woman with a giant cell bone tumor of the right distal femur was bedridden due to a pathologic fracture. She had overflow urinary incontinence. On Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy, crescent-shaped activity was seen in the bladder. Ultrasound showed mobile echogenic precipitate in the bladder. Urine analysis taken by cystoscopy revealed that the precipitate consisted of amorphous phosphate crystals.
Cutaneous Uptake of Gallium-67 in Polyarteritis Nodosa
Authors: J E ALEXANDER, J J SEIBERT, B A LOWE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Presented is a 15-year-old male with polyarteritis nodosa with transient subcutaneous nodules on his arms and legs. These nodules showed uptake on the Ga-67 scan, and may be the first report of a case of Ga-67 localizing within arteries of a patient with polyarteritis nodosa.
Interaction of organophosphate pesticides and related compounds with the androgen receptor.
Authors: Hiroto Tamura, Hiromichi Yoshikawa, Kevin W Gaido, Susan M Ross, Robert K DeLisle, William J Welsh, Ann M Richard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Identification of several environmental chemicals capable of binding to the androgen receptor (AR) and interfering with its normal function has heightened concern about adverse effects across a broad spectrum of environmental chemicals. We previously demonstrated AR antagonist activity of the organophosphate (OP) pesticide fenitrothion. In this study, we characterized AR activity of analogues of fenitrothion to probe the structural requirements for AR activity among related chemicals. AR activity was measured using HepG2 human hepatoma cells transfected with human AR plus an androgen-responsive luciferase reporter gene, MMTV-luc. AR antagonist activity decreased as alkyl chain length of the phosphoester increased, whereas electron-donating properties of phenyl substituents of the tested compounds did not influence AR activity. Oxon derivatives of fenitrothion, which are more likely to undergo hydrolytic degradation, had no detectable AR antagonist activity. Molecular modeling results suggest that hydrogen-bond energies and the maximum achievable interatomic distance between two terminal H-bond capable sites may influence both the potential to interact with the AR and the nature of the interaction (agonist vs. antagonist) within this series of chemicals. This hypothesis is supported by the results of recent AR homology modeling and crystallographic studies relative to agonist- and antagonist-bound AR complexes. The present results are placed in the context of structure-activity knowledge derived from previous modeling studies as well as studies aimed toward designing nonsteroidal antiandrogen pharmaceuticals. Present results extend understanding of the structural requirements for AR activity to a new class of nonsteroidal, environmental, OP-related chemicals.
Yttrium radiosynoviorthesis in the treatment of knee arthritis in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review
Authors: L. L J Heuft-Dorenbosch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To consider the question: How strong is the evidence in favour of yttrium synovectomy in chronic knee arthritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison with placebo and intra-articular steroid treatment? <h3>METHODS</h3> A systematic review of the literature was performed using Medline and the Embase database. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Initially, seven papers were identified, but only two met the inclusion criteria. Neither study showed evidence in favour of yttrium synovectomy. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> From the point of view of evidence based medicine it should be seriously questioned whether yttrium synovectomy deserves a place in clinical practice.
A case of factor V inhibitor
Authors: Lai‐Lu Chong, Yuk‐Cheung Wong
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract A 57‐year‐old married Chinese male without a family history of bleeding disorder was presented with severe hemorrhagic tendency and was subsequently found to be suffering from an acquired inhibitor against coagulation factor V. The prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time could not be corrected by the addition of normal plasma. Subnormal value of factor V level was noted accompanied with an abnormal platelet factor III availability test. With specific antisera and staphylococcal protein A, the inhibitor was characterized as an IgG(lambda) antibody. The hemorrhagic tendency and abnormal laboratory data were corrected after treating the patient with platelet concentrate transfusion and cyclophosphamide.
Alexithymia and Symbolic Function in the Obese
Authors: Gabriela Legorreta, Robert H. Bull, Margaret C. Kiely
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)

Based on recent literature in which obesity is considered a psychosomatic disease, the authors present results of a study attempting to identify the degree of alexithymia and symbolic function inhibition in two overweight groups (moderately and morbidly obese) and compare the results with a normal-weight control group. The sample was composed of 95 subjects divided into three groups. The results revealed that the two obese groups were generally more alexithymic and had a higher degree of symbolic function inhibition than normal-weight controls. Nevertheless, the two alexithymia measures used in this study disclosed inconsistent results. The data are discussed in terms of etiological, methodological and treatment implications.
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: R W E Watts
Journal: BMJ (1976)

<h3>Purpose</h3> To describe an artificial intelligence platform that detects thyroid eye disease (TED). <h3>Design</h3> Development of a deep learning model. <h3>Methods</h3> 1944 photographs from a clinical database were used to train a deep learning model. 344 additional images (‘test set’) were used to calculate performance metrics. Receiver operating characteristic, precision–recall curves and heatmaps were generated. From the test set, 50 images were randomly selected (‘survey set’) and used to compare model performance with ophthalmologist performance. 222 images obtained from a separate clinical database were used to assess model recall and to quantitate model performance with respect to disease stage and grade. <h3>Results</h3> The model achieved test set accuracy of 89.2%, specificity 86.9%, recall 93.4%, precision 79.7% and an F1 score of 86.0%. Heatmaps demonstrated that the model identified pixels corresponding to clinical features of TED. On the survey set, the ensemble model achieved accuracy, specificity, recall, precision and F1 score of 86%, 84%, 89%, 77% and 82%, respectively. 27 ophthalmologists achieved mean performance of 75%, 82%, 63%, 72% and 66%, respectively. On the second test set, the model achieved recall of 91.9%, with higher recall for moderate to severe (98.2%, n=55) and active disease (98.3%, n=60), as compared with mild (86.8%, n=68) or stable disease (85.7%, n=63). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The deep learning classifier is a novel approach to identify TED and is a first step in the development of tools to improve diagnostic accuracy and lower barriers to specialist evaluation.
Effect of Cortisone on the Defence Mechanisms of the Body
Authors: T. Nicol, R. S. Snell, D. L. J. Bilbey
Journal: BMJ (1956)

MEDICALBJOURNALof female cells possessing sex chromatin, but this variation in values would appear to be due to differences in the type of cells counted and also to the fact that some estimations have included cells in which the mass of chromatin was not in an absolutely peripheral position in the nucleus.Unless it is in such a position it is partially obscured by the sub- stance of the nucleus and cannot be positively identified.This probably explains why, in a proportion of cells in any smear from females, the sex chromatin is not visible.The limiting criteria we have used tend to give a low percentage incidence, but in our opinion greater accuracy of forecast.In female smears the sex chromatin was usually first seen in one of the first five cells counted.As this finding occurred with such regularity we decided that a count of 25 cells was quite adequate for sex determination.This fact at first sight may not seem significant, but in the case of children.and more particularly of young infants, we have found great difficulty in obtaining smears in which more than 25 cells fulfilling the alhve essential criteria can be seen. SummaryThe examination of oral smears from 260 individuals, representative of a wide age and racial variation, has enabled their chromosomal sex to be determined with considerable accuracy.With increasing experience in assessment the diagnosis becomes progressively more accurate.The procedure is simple in its application and if necessary may be readily repeated.The findings of previous workers have been con- firmed, and a number of criteria established the use of which may help to standardize the method and ensure correct diagnosis.We are indebted to Professor G. A. G. Mitchell, who permitted this investigation to be undertaken in the Department of Anatomy, and to the members of staff, students
NHS boards see telehealth only as a means of saving money, warns expert
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Many NHS boards view telehealth technologies too narrowly as a means to save money in the short term instead of developing the services patients will need in future, says a leading expert on governance.

Andrew Corbett-Nolan, chief executive of the Good Governance Institute, told a Westminster Health Forum seminar on 3 July it was “good news” that boards were discussing telehealth and telecare.

But, he said, “The bad news is they’re doing it in the context of cost improvement.”

He said boards should think intelligently and strategically about providing telehealth as a main plank of their business rather than obsessively focusing on cost saving and …
Early tumor dissemination, but late metastasis: insights into tumor dormancy
Authors: Martin Röcken
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

The classical model of metastasis is that tumor cell dissemination occurs late in tumor development, after the primary tumor has grown, and that only then will tumor cells invade the local tissue, enter the blood or lymphatic vessels, and colonize new sites to cause metastases. However, evidence increasingly indicates that single tumor cells spread to distant sites much earlier than previously believed. In this issue of the JCI, Eyles and colleagues provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying early tumor cell dissemination, formation of metastases, and tumor immunosurveillance using transgenic mice that spontaneously develop melanomas of the uvea. The authors provide striking evidence that tumor cells start to disseminate during the initial steps of tumor development, that late appearing metastases arise from these early disseminated tumor cells, and that CD8+ T cells inhibit the growth of disseminated tumor cells, surprisingly, not by cytotoxic effects, but through cytostatic effects.
Risk–Benefit Profile of Long-Term Dual- Versus Single-Antiplatelet Therapy Among Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Meng Lee, Jeffrey L. Saver, Keun-Sik Hong, Neal M. Rao, Yi-Ling Wu, Bruce Ovbiagele
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Dual-antiplatelet regimens for prevention of recurrent stroke promote antithrombotic effects but may increase the risk for hemorrhage.To qualitatively and quantitatively examine the risk for recurrent stroke and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) linked to long-term dual- and single-antiplatelet therapy among patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through March 2013 without language restrictions.The search identified 7 randomized, controlled trials that involved a total of 39,574 participants and reported recurrent stroke and ICH as outcome measures.All data from eligible studies were independently abstracted by 2 investigators according to a standard protocol.Recurrent stroke risk did not differ between patients receiving dual-antiplatelet therapy and those receiving aspirin monotherapy (relative risk [RR], 0.89 [95% CI, 0.78 to 1.01]) or clopidogrel monotherapy (RR, 1.01 [CI, 0.93 to 1.08]). Risk for ICH did not differ between patients receiving dual-antiplatelet therapy and those receiving aspirin monotherapy (RR, 0.99 [CI, 0.70 to 1.42]) but was greater among patients receiving dual-antiplatelet therapy than among those receiving clopidogrel monotherapy (RR, 1.46 [CI, 1.17 to 1.82]).Agents used in dual- and single-antiplatelet therapies varied across trials, and the relatively modest number of trials limited subgroup analysis.Compared with monotherapy, dual-antiplatelet therapy lasting more than 1 year after an index ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack is not associated with a greater reduction in overall recurrent stroke risk. However, long-term dual-antiplatelet therapy is linked to higher risk for ICH than clopidogrel monotherapy in this patient population.Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.