tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
[127] Phil PROOF OF CONCEPT STUDY OF CELGOSIVIR IN COMBINATION WITH PEGINTERFERON o-2b AND RIBAVIRIN IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C GENOTYPE-1 NON-RESPONDER PATIENTS
Authors: K. Kaita, E. Yoshida, D. Kunimoto, F. Anderson, S. Morris, P. Marotta, L. Scully, K. Peltekian, R. Enns, F. Diaz-Mitoma, S. Lee, L. Worobetz, J. Pankovich, A.K. Petersen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Runaways, Hippies, and Marihuana
Authors: JOSHUA KAUFMAN, JAMES R. ALLEN, LOUIS JOLYON WEST
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

In the summer of 1967 Haight-Ashbury seemed to offer youth a solution to the ills of modern society. Runaways, who used the district as a refuge from society or home, did not exhibit the delinquent characteristics observed by earlier authors. The complex and cohesive role of drugs, especially marihuana, was unprecedented. The authors feel that further attention should be directed not to the question "Why don't they stop using drugs?" but to "Can we offer them viable alternatives to drugs?"
Treatment of Coronary In-Stent Restenosis with a Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Catheter
Authors: Bruno Scheller, Christoph Hehrlein, Wolfgang Bocksch, Wolfgang Rutsch, Dariush Haghi, Ulrich Dietz, Michael Böhm, Ulrich Speck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis is hampered by a high incidence of recurrent in-stent restenosis. We assessed the efficacy and safety of a paclitaxel-coated balloon in this setting.We enrolled 52 patients with in-stent restenosis in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial to compare the effects of a balloon catheter coated with paclitaxel (3 microg per square millimeter of balloon surface area) with those of an uncoated balloon catheter in coronary angioplasty. The primary end point was late luminal loss as seen on angiography. Secondary end points included the rates of restenosis (a binary variable) and major adverse cardiac events.Multivessel disease was present in 80% of patients in both groups. Quantitative coronary angiography revealed no significant differences in baseline measures. At 6 months, angiography showed that the mean (+/-SD) in-segment late luminal loss was 0.74+/-0.86 mm in the uncoated-balloon group versus 0.03+/-0.48 mm in the coated-balloon group (P=0.002). A total of 10 of 23 patients (43%) in the uncoated-balloon group had restenosis, as compared with 1 of 22 patients (5%) in the coated-balloon group (P=0.002). At 12 months, the rate of major adverse cardiac events was 31% in the uncoated-balloon group and 4% in the coated-balloon group (P=0.01). This difference was primarily due to the need for target-lesion revascularization in six patients in the uncoated-balloon group (P=0.02).Treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis with paclitaxel-coated balloon catheters significantly reduced the incidence of restenosis. These data suggest that the inhibition of restenosis by local drug delivery may not require stent implantation and sustained drug release at the site of injury. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00106587 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
In-111 DTP A Cisternography Demonstration of Magna Cisterna Magna
Authors: BRIAN EISENBERG, G. GLENN COATES, MICHAEL A. GASS, PAUL L SICURO, MARIE E. LEE, LYNNE P. TAYLOR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

The authors describe a case of a 74-year-old woman with vague neurologic symptoms and arachnoid cyst within the posterior fossa shown in magnetic resonance imaging several years earlier. Repeat MRI suggested the presumed “arachnoid cyst” had enlarged slightly. However, the possibility of a magna cisterna magna was entertained as an alternative diagnosis, lndium-111 DTPA cisternography was performed to clarify the differential diagnosis.
ERS/WHO Tuberculosis Consilium: reporting of the initial 10 cases
Authors: Lia D’Ambrosio, Marina Tadolini, Stephane Dupasquier, Simon Tiberi, Rosella Centis, Masoud Dara, Francesco Blasi, Giovanni Battista Migliori
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

As part of the 2012-2013 European Respiratory Society (ERS) Presidential plan, the ERS/World Health Organization (WHO) Tuberculosis (TB) Consilium was implemented as a novel high priority initiative to face the growing global multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB pandemic, which is also very much a European problem [1][2][3].This priority is largely due to the alarming rates of MDR-TB (i.e.active TB cases infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that are resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB (i.e.TB caused by strains that are resistant to at least one fluoroquinolone and one injectable second-line anti-TB drug, in addition to isoniazid and rifampicin) [4][5][6][7].MDR/XDR-TB are considered serious threats for TB control and elimination in Europe as their clinical outcomes are largely suboptimal, as the regimens are very toxic and expensive and taken for much longer [6][7][8][9].The largest available meta-analysis, assessing 9153 MDR-TB cases, has shown treatment success as low as 54% (with 15% dying, 8% failing/relapsing and 23% defaulting).In cases whose disease is caused by M. tuberculosis strains with resistance patterns beyond XDR-TB the outcomes are much lower: treatment success ranges from 19% to 40%, failure/relapse from 15% to 54% and death from 15% to 35% [6,7].Due to the clinical complexity (frequent occurrence of adverse events, lack of clinical experience, limited availability of adequate diagnostics and second-line anti-TB drugs in some countries), the real risk for acquiring further resistance and problems in patients' adherence to treatment, clinicians face a greater challenge to successfully manage their patients.The ERS and the WHO Regional Office for Europe implemented a consultation body (the ERS/WHO TB Consilium) in late April 2013 [1,2].Clinicians can upload a case description via the website (www.tbconsilium.org).The case is then sent to two experts belonging to the Consilium roster, who are expected to respond within a few days.
Sir Patrick Manson
Authors: G. C. Low, P. Manson-Bahr
Journal: BMJ (1948)

Sir Patrick Manson. Illustration by Venita Jay, MD, FRCPC. I the obscurity of Amoy, South China, a lone Scotsman working with the most humble medical resources uncovered the remarkable mystery of filariasis. He not only enriched the world of medicine with numerous contributions on several tropical diseases, but also initiated a new era of thinking that winged arthropods may be associated with the spread of disease in man. In 1899, his pioneering efforts led to the establishment of a new discipline in medicine and the founding of the London School of Tropical Medicine. The lone Scotsman was Patrick Manson (1844–1922), who was born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the second in a family of 9 children. At the age of 15 years, he was apprenticed to an ironmaster’s firm in Aberdeen, but a breakdown in health prevented him from continuing this pursuit. The young Manson therefore turned to medicine at Aberdeen University, and passed his final examinations by the age of 20. By regulation, he had to be 21 years old to obtain his medical degree. Manson’s thesis on the internal carotid artery was his first paper, written while he was a medical officer at the Durham Lunatic Asylum; for this work he was awarded his MD in Aberdeen. In 1866, Manson traveled to Formosa, as medical officer to the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs. Thus started a lifelong connection with the tropics and tropical diseases. After 5 years in Formosa, he was transferred to Amoy, China, where he would live for 13 years. Manson was in charge of a hospital for seamen and another missionary hospital. Practicing medicine in these areas was not easy for a Westerner at the time, but the persistent Manson slowly won the trust of the local population. Besides his busy medical practice, which included many surgical operations, Manson devoted his spare time to his passion, research on filaria. Manson’s scientific inquiries were aided only by his extraordinary will and curiosity, and his microscope. Filarial disease, which causes the disfiguring elephantiasis, was highly prevalent in Manson’s patient population in Amoy. Surgery was necessary in advanced cases, but the local population initially resisted his efforts. By an un-
U-46619-induced potentiation of noradrenergic constriction in the human saphenous vein: antagonism by thromboxane receptor blockade
Authors: J.Y Jeremy, D.P Mikhailidis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Vila et al. [1] elegantly demonstrated that thromboxane stand the complexity of the interactions that occur between A (TXA ) augments adrenergic-mediated constriction of various mediators in the arterial and venous circulation.
Evidence for a Causal Relationship between Allergic Sensitization and Rhinovirus Wheezing in Early Life
Authors: Daniel J. Jackson, Michael D. Evans, Ronald E. Gangnon, Christopher J. Tisler, Tressa E. Pappas, Wai-Ming Lee, James E. Gern, Robert F. Lemanske
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Aeroallergen sensitization and virus-induced wheezing are risk factors for asthma development during early childhood, but the temporal developmental sequence between them is incompletely understood.To define the developmental relationship between aeroallergen sensitization and virus-induced wheezing.A total of 285 children at high risk for allergic disease and asthma were followed prospectively from birth. The timing and etiology of viral respiratory wheezing illnesses were determined, and aeroallergen sensitization was assessed annually for the first 6 years of life. The relationships between these events were assessed using a longitudinal multistate Markov model.Children who were sensitized to aeroallergens had greater risk of developing viral wheeze than nonsensitized children (hazard ratio [HR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-3.1). Allergic sensitization led to an increased risk of wheezing illnesses caused by human rhinovirus (HRV) but not respiratory syncytial virus. The absolute risk of sensitized children developing viral wheeze was greatest at 1 year of age; however, the relative risk was consistently increased at every age assessed. In contrast, viral wheeze did not lead to increased risk of subsequent allergic sensitization (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.50-1.1).Prospective, repeated characterization of a birth cohort demonstrated that allergic sensitization precedes HRV wheezing and that the converse is not true. This sequential relationship and the plausible mechanisms by which allergic sensitization can lead to more severe HRV-induced lower respiratory illnesses support a causal role for allergic sensitization in this developmental pathway. Therefore, therapeutics aimed at preventing allergic sensitization may modify virus-induced wheezing and the development of asthma.
Erratum: Corrigendum: Disruption of Bardet-Biedl syndrome ciliary proteins perturbs planar cell polarity in vertebrates
Authors: A J Ross, H May-Simera, E R Eichers, M Kai, J Hill, D J Jagger, C C Leitch, J P Chapple, P M Munro, S Fisher, P L Tan, H M Phillips, M R Leroux, D J Henderson, J N Murdoch, A J Copp, M-M Eliot, J R Lupski, D T Kemp, H Dollfus, M Tada, N Katsanis, A Forge, P L Beales
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
PRISMA for Abstracts: Reporting Systematic Reviews in Journal and Conference Abstracts
Authors: Elaine M. Beller, Paul P. Glasziou, Douglas G. Altman, Sally Hopewell, Hilda Bastian, Iain Chalmers, Peter C. Gøtzsche, Toby Lasserson, David Tovey
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Elaine Beller and colleagues from the PRISMA for Abstracts group provide a reporting guidelines for reporting abstracts of systematic reviews in journals and at conferences.
Improvement of rat liver graft quality by pifithrin-?-mediated inhibition of hepatocyte necrapoptosis
Authors: Amr M. El-Gibaly, Claudia Scheuer, Michael D. Menger, Brigitte Vollmar
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Early graft dysfunction due to ischemia reperfusion injury remains a major clinical challenge in liver transplantation. Because apoptosis may contribute to graft dysfunction, we studied whether transient inhibition of p53 is capable of improving graft quality by reducing apoptotic cell death. Rat livers were harvested and stored for 24 hours or 48 hours in a 4 degrees C solution containing either pifithrin-alpha (PFT-alpha), a specific p53-inhibitor, or the vehicle dimethyl-sulfoxide. Storage was followed by 2-hour reperfusion with 37 degrees C Krebs-Henseleit buffer in an isolated liver perfusion system. Besides caspase-3 activation, apoptosis was quantified using fluorescence microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin histology. Trypan blue allowed for assessment of cell membrane damage, indicating both secondary apoptosis and primary necrosis. Bile flow, oxygen consumption, K(+)-excretion and enzyme release served as indicators of overall graft quality. Upon 2-hour reperfusion, livers developed procaspase activation as well as a mixture of apoptotic and necrotic cell death, representing necrapoptosis. In livers that had been stored for 48 hours, necrapoptotic injury was more pronounced compared with that after 24-hour storage. PFT-alpha effectively attenuated caspase activation as well as hepatocellular apoptosis and necrosis. Attenuation of both modes of cell death by PFT-alpha was associated with improved liver function, metabolism, and integrity. Experiments with the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk confirmed that apoptosis is one mode of cell death in cold ischemia reperfusion. In conclusion, inhibition of p53-dependent apoptosis by PFT-alpha reduces hepatic preservation-reperfusion injury and improves primary organ function and metabolism. Fortification of the preservation solution with PFT-alpha may represent a promising and easily applicable approach to mitigate reperfusion injury in liver transplants.
Evaluation of rapamycin coated stents by multi row detector computed angiography: comparison to quantitative angiographic results
Authors: Ibraim M. Pinto, Walther Ishikawa, Amanda Sousa, Luiz Mattos, Fausto Feres, Alexandre Abizaid, Andrea Abizaid, Luiz Souza, J.Eduardo Sousa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Serious Hypoglycemia: Munchausen’s Syndrome?
Authors: Thierry Trenque, Guillaume Hoizey, Denis Lamiable
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

Hypoglycemia presents important diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Severe and repetitive hypoglycemic episodes in patients without treatment may be difficult to explain. Failure to identify factitious hypoglycemia may lead to laparatomy or pancreatectomy. Hypoglycemia factitia is assessed as a manifestation of Munchausen’s syndrome (1), which is characterized by factitious illness associated with hospital peregrination, mythomanic discourse that includes medical elements, and passivity and dependence at examinations. Munchausen’s syndrome was first described in relation to laparotomophilia migrans patients, whose stories were dramatic and untruthful.

Between January 1997 and 30 November 1999, we …
Paintings and Personalities
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Four painters, Edward Hopper, Reginald Marsh, Raphael Soyer, and Ben Shahn, had much in common but their works and personalities were very different. All were born between 1882 and 1899 outside New York and spent most of their lives in that city. All had some formal art training but soon developed independent characteristic styles, representational rather than abstract. None belonged to any definite school. All were successful in terms of financial rewards, inclusion in exhibits, and prizes. And now, each has been the subject of a handsome volume that reproduces much of his work. Lloyd Goodrich, former director of the Whitney Museum, who knew them all, wrote the text of three of these books, while Shahn's widow, herself an artist, wrote about him. Hopper (1882-1967) often painted man-made structures—New England houses, city apartments, lighthouses, trains, boats, and bridges. In his few landscapes, the center of interest is often a road,
Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: K Lee, B L Holman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Figure 1. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography of the brain revealed a left parietal arteriovenous malformation measuring 2.5 cm in diameter in a 32-year-old woman who presented with severe headache. Panel A, a coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance image, and Panel B, an axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance image, demonstrate a tangle of abnormal vascular channels. Rapid blood flow causes a lack of signal intensity within the larger vessels of the arteriovenous malformation. Interspersed areas of higher signal intensity within the nidus of the arteriovenous malformation may represent regions of slow blood flow or hemorrhage (arrow, Panel A). . . .
Investigation of Effects of Anesthesia and Age on Aspiration in Mice through LacZ Gene Transfer by Recombinant E1-deleted Adenovirus Vectors
Authors: SHINJI TERAMOTO, TAKESHI MATSUSE, TERUAKI OKA, HIDEKI ITO, YOSHINOSUKE FUKUCHI, YASUYOSHI OUCHI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

To examine the role of disturbed upper airway reflexes in aspiration, we administered 20 μ l of the adenovirus (Ad) vector Ad–CMV–LacZ or 20 μ l of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) intranasally to C57 black mice. We investigated expression of the LacZ gene by this Ad vector in the nostrils of each mouse, with or without anesthesia. Under anesthesia, LacZ gene expression was detected in the lungs of every mouse given the Ad vector. However, no LacZ gene expression was found in the trachea or lungs of mice given the Ad vector without anesthesia. In mice given PBS or wild-type adenovirus transnasally during anesthesia, there was no LacZ gene expression in the nostrils, trachea, or lungs, suggesting that with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl- β -D-galactopyranoside (X-gal) staining, blue-stained cells indicated transferred LacZ gene expression. These results suggested that aspiration of intranasal solution into lower airways was caused by disturbed upper airway reflexes during anesthesia. This process can be analyzed by the distribution of LacZ gene expression in airways. We next examined the effect of age on anesthesia-induced aspiration. Twenty-six-mo-old mice exhibited more LacZ gene expression in their lungs than did 6-mo-old mice at a concentration of 0.5 to 4.0% halothane in 100% oxygen. This suggests that light anesthesia may depress upper airway reflexes and cause aspiration in older animals. This novel model of aspiration, generated with the Ad–CMV–LacZ vector, may be useful for elucidating the mechanism of development of aspiration pneumonia in relation to age-related impairment of upper airway reflexes.
Anticonvulsant Hypersensitivity Syndrome With Marked Eosinophilia in Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Nobuko Yamada, Kentaro Kaneko, Yasushi Saito, Ichiro Tatsuno
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) caused by phenytoin, carbamazepine, or phenobarbital sodium is a rare, but sometimes life-threatening, drug reaction (1,2). These drugs have been widely used not only for convulsive disease but also for neuralgia in diabetic neuropathy (3). Here, we report a very rare case of AHS with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) with marked eosinophilia in a patient with diabetic neuropathy.

A 50-year-old man with type 2 diabetes was prescribed carbamazepine for painful diabetic neuropathy. At 5 weeks after exposure, he suffered from malaise, appetite loss, rash, and intermittent fever. Carbamazepine was immediately stopped and he was admitted. He appeared drowsy and had intermittent fever (temperatures to 39.0°C), lymphadenopathy at the left axillary without tenderness, and purpuric skin rash on his face, trunk, and extremities. Laboratory studies revealed an alanine aminotransferase level of 754 …
Breast Cancer, Chemotherapy, and Second Malignant Neoplasms
Authors: Efstratios Stephen Kurtides
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> R. Bell et al recently reported inThe Journal(236:1609, 1976) on two patients with multiple myeloma treated with melphalan in whom carcinoma of the breast developed 19 and 14 months later, respectively. In addition to melphalan, both patients received prednisolone and one also received procarbazine hydrochloride, well known for its carcinogenicity.<sup>1</sup> An editorial at that time (236:1612, 1976) called on the profession to assess the suppressive effect of melphalan on tumor growth in those patients who do not have multiple myeloma or some other condition that may impair immunocompetence. We are currently treating a 46-year-old woman who received busulfan (Myleran) intermittently for 5 1/2 years for idiopathic thrombocythemia; breast carcinoma developed in this patient last fall. We are also aware of five patients with breast carcinoma who received chemotherapy and in whom acute leukemia developed.<sup>2</sup>Obversely, we found four other cases of breast cancer
Magnitude of Antibiotic Use
Authors: MARION J. FINKEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Trends in antibiotic prescribing can be examined by a review of data from dispensed prescriptions and from antibiotic certification records of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Prescription data on selected oral antibiotics and anti-infectives were obtained from IMS America's National Prescription Audit. Data compiled between 1965 and 1977 show increasing use until 1973--with a plateau thereafter--for antibiotics judged by physicians to be relatively "safe," namely, the erythromycins, ampicillin and other penicillins, and the cephalosporins. Tetracycline use, although rising until 1973, declined somewhat thereafter, perhaps because of increasing concern with dental staining in children. Sulfonamide use has declined steadily since 1965, presumably for safety reasons. Used of clindamycin was nearing a level similar to that of cephalosporin use until 1975, when its risk of precipitating severe colitis, including pseudomembranous colitis, became well-known. The FDA's antibiotic certification records show that the volume of injectable cephalosporins and gentamicin administered has increased steadily and as of 1977 was still rising.
Gentamicin Dosage and Lean Body Mass
Authors: DIETER W. GUMP
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments and Correction1 February 1977Gentamicin Dosage and Lean Body MassDIETER W. GUMP, M.D., F.A.C.P.DIETER W. GUMP, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-2-239_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Hull and Sarubbi in the August 1976 issue (Ann Intern Med85:183-189) has been useful in helping us to administer appropriate doses of gentamicin to our patients. The authors state that it is important that the dosage is based on lean body weight rather than total body weight because, as the authors point out, lean weight is a more accurate reflection of the volume distribution of the drug. Thus, if dosage is based on lean rather than total body weight, drug levels in obese patients will not be too high. The problem, however, is...Reference1. DIEMLENTNER KC: Documentia Geigy. Scientific Tables, 7th ed. Basel, J. R. Geigy, 1970, p. 711 Google Scholar1. DEVINE B: Gentamicin therapy. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 8:650-655, 1974 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DIETER W. GUMP, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Department of Medicine Given Medical Building The University of Vermont Burlington, VT 05401 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1977Volume 86, Issue 2Page: 239-239KeywordsBody weightDrug distributionDrugsOverweight ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...