tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ULCERATING GRANULOMA (GRANULOMA INGUINALE)
Authors: HERMAN GOODMAN
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Ulcerating granuloma is also known as granuloma inguinale, ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda, sclerotisizing or sclerosing granuloma of the pudenda, serpiginous ulcerations of the genitalia, granuloma inguinale tropicum, granuloma venerum, groin ulceration, chronic venereal sores and granulomatosis. It is a skin and mucous membrane disease found in the tropic, subtropic and temperate zones. It is an infectious, chronic, indurated, cicatrizing growth on or near the genitals of males and females, with no tendency to glandular involvement or serious impairment of the general health. The majority of the patients are in the period of sexual maturity. Women are said to be more frequently affected than men. The colored races have been thought to have a predisposition to this disease, but a large number of white patients have also been reported. I have had the opportunity of studying cases of granuloma inguinale in Porto Rico and other islands of the West Indies,
Abstract 5139: MOF cooperates with DNA polymerase eta to repair intrastrand break induced by crosslinking agents
Authors: Mayank Singh, Arun Gupta, Komal Komal, Tej K. Pandita
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The human MOF gene encodes a protein that specifically acetylates histone H4 at lysine 16 (H4K16ac). Reduced levels of H4K16ac correlate with a defective DNA damage response (DDR) and double-strand break (DSB) repair post ionizing radiation exposure. MOF overexpression increases cell survival to intrastrand crosslink inducing agents like cisplatin. DNA polymerase eta (Pol H), the product of the xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) gene and a Y-family DNA polymerase, plays a pivotal role in translesion DNA synthesis and was found to interact with MOF. Its interaction with MOF increases in a dose dependent manner after exposure to intrastrand DNA damage induced by cisplatin. Pol H colocalized with phosphorylated MOF and γ-H2AX foci in cisplatin treated cells. Overexpression of MOF enhances recruitment of Pol H to laser induced DNA damage. This correlated with monoubiquitination of PCNA which has been shown to facilitate the switch between the replicative DNA polymerase with the low-fidelity polymerase eta to bypass UV or cisplatin-induced DNA lesions during replication. MOF was found to interact with PCNA and regulating the ubiquitination of PCNA thereby facilitating Pol H recruitment to DNA damage sites. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Mayank Singh, Arun Gupta, Komal Komal, Tej K. Pandita. MOF cooperates with DNA polymerase eta to repair intrastrand break induced by crosslinking agents. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5139. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5139
Recombinant myelin-associated glycoprotein confers neural adhesion and neurite outgrowth function
Authors: Paul W. Johnson, Wanda Abramow-Newerly, Bernd Seilheimer, Remy Sadoul, Michael B. Tropak, Monique Arquint, Robert J. Dunn, Melitta Schachner, John C. Roder
Journal: Neuron (1989)
Observations on Angina Pectoris during Drug Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: WALTER E. JUDSON, WILLIAM HOLLANDER, ROBERT W. WILKINS
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Antihypertensive drug treatment is capable of aggravating angina pectoris in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. The complication appears to be due to different hemodynamic mechanisms. Angina pectoris caused by hydralazine may result not only from a reduction in aortic perfusion pressure but also from increases in cardiac output and pulse rate which the drug produces. Coronary insufficiency, after the administration of hexamethonium, is usually associated with severe hypotension and results primarily from a reduction in aortic perfusion pressure. Hexamethonium was not found to prevent the anginal effects of hydralazine. Intravenous hydralazine is a sensitive test for coronary insufficiency but is not without untoward reactions.
Meta-analysis: β-Blocker Dose, Heart Rate Reduction, and Death in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Finlay A. McAlister
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Background: Guidelines recommend that patients with heart failure receive β-blockers in doses used in the trials that have proven their efficacy. Although the adverse effects of β-blockade are dose-related, it is unclear whether the benefits are. Purpose: To determine whether the survival benefits of β-blockade in heart failure are associated with the magnitude of heart rate reduction or the β-blocker dose. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SIGLE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, supplemented by hand-searches of bibliographies. Study Selection: Randomized, placebo-controlled heart failure trials that reported all-cause mortality. Data Extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics, β-blocker dosing and heart rate reduction, and death. Data Synthesis: The mean left ventricular ejection fraction in the 23 β-blocker trials ranged from 0.17 to 0.36, and more than 95% of the 19 209 patients had systolic dysfunction. The overall risk ratio for death was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.84); however, heterogeneity testing revealed moderate heterogeneity among trials (I 2 = 30%), which was associated with the magnitude of heart rate reduction achieved within each trial (P for meta-regression = 0.006). For every heart rate reduction of 5 beats/min with β-blocker treatment, a commensurate 18% reduction (CI, 6% to 29%) in the risk for death occurred. No significant relationship between all-cause mortality and β-blocker dosing was observed (risk ratio for death, 0.74 [CI, 0.64 to 0.86]) in high-dose β-blocker trials vs. 0.78 [CI, 0.63 to 0.96] in low-dose β-blocker trials; P for meta-regression = 0.69). Limitations: The analysis is based on aggregate data and resting heart rates. Few patients in these trials had bradycardia or diastolic dysfunction at baseline. Conclusion: The magnitude of heart rate reduction is statistically significantly associated with the survival benefit of β-blockers in heart failure, whereas the dose of β-blocker is not.
Reactivation of ophthalmic herpes zoster following pulsed-dye laser treatment for inflammatory acne vulgaris
Authors: T.H. Clayton, G.I. Stables
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Sir, Low‐fluence pulsed‐dye lasers (PDL) have been reported to improve acne severity, with no serious side‐effects.1, 2 We report a 29‐year‐old woman with inflammatory acne, that had failed to respond to conventional topical therapies and multiple courses of oral antibiotics. She had declined treatment with oral isotretinoin on several occasions mainly on account of its potential side‐effects. One week prior to her follow‐up appointment in the Dermatology Department at Leeds General Infirmary, she underwent PDL (N‐Lite) treatment for her acne at a private skin clinic. Twenty‐four hours later she complained of a severe right‐sided parietal headache; shortly after this she developed marked periorbital oedema. Within 48 h of the PDL treatment the eruption progressed into a papulovesicular eruption in the distribution of the ophthalmic nerve dermatome consistent with reactivation of ophthalmic herpes zoster (Fig. 1). Due to the severity of the eruption, intense pain and severe perioribital oedema she was admitted for treatment with intravenous aciclovir. She made an initial uneventful recovery within 72 h, although she later developed severe postherpetic neuralgia, which persisted for several weeks.
Journal Editorial Policies, Animal Welfare, and the 3Rs
Authors: Nicola J. Osborne, Daisy Payne, Michael L. Newman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

This study evaluates the editorial policies of a randomized sample of English language peer-reviewed journals that publish original research involving the use of animals. The aim is to identify whether journals have editorial policies relating to the use of animals in the research that they are prepared to publish and whether any policies are likely to promote animal welfare and dissemination of information on the 3Rs (reduction, refinement, replacement) within the scientific community. The results demonstrate that a significant proportion of journals publishing original research involving animals do not have any editorial policy relating to the use of animals. Of those journals that do have policies the majority simply request that the research be carried out in accordance with standard regulatory requirements. This paper aims to provide editors and publishers with the information they need to review their own editorial policies to ensure they are fulfilling their potential to promote animal welfare and dissemination of the 3Rs.
Merck disguised "marketing publication" as medical journal to help promote Vioxx, court hears
Authors: R. Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The Federal Court in Australia has heard allegations that the drug company Merck produced an entire medical journal as part of its marketing campaign to allay safety fears about Vioxx (rofecoxib), its cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor, which was withdrawn in 2004.

The allegations came during testimony from George Jelinek, an emergency doctor and journal editor. Dr Jelinek was called as an expert witness by lawyers acting for Graeme Peterson, who had a heart attack in 2003 after taking rofecoxib for several years and is lead plaintiff in a class action.

Strongly defending the action, Merck’s position is that the drug didn’t cause the heart attack, and the company will present evidence showing it acted responsibly. Although Merck has paid almost $5bn (£3.4bn; €3.8bn) to settle US cases related to rofecoxib, it has not admitted causation, fault, or liability.

Dr Jelinek gave evidence that the Australasian …
Head Injury—Associated Deaths From Motorcycle Crashes
Authors: Daniel M. Sosin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A review of US mortality data from 1979 to 1986 identified 15,194 deaths and nearly 600,000 years of potential life lost before age 65 years that were associated with head injuries from motorcycle crashes. White males from 15 to 34 years of age accounted for 69% of the deaths. The rate of motorcycle-related deaths associated with head injury declined modestly between 1979 and 1986 (19% using rates based on resident population and 8% based on motorcycle registrations). Population-based rates adjusted for age, sex, and race in states with partial or no motorcycle helmet-use laws were almost twice those in states with comprehensive helmet-use laws. Two states that weakened their helmet-use laws from comprehensive to partial during the study period had increases in motorcycle-related head injury death rates (184% and 73%), and one state that strengthened its law from partial to comprehensive had a decline in its death rate (44%). Head injury death rates based on motorcycle registrations were also lowest in states with comprehensive helmet-use laws. Since helmets reduce the severity of nonfatal head injuries in addition to lowering the rate of fatal injuries, we urge the adoption and enforcement of comprehensive motorcycle helmet-use legislation.
Long-term response to interferon alpha is unrelated to“interferon sensitivity determining region” variability in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus-1b infection
Authors: Giovanni Squadrito, Maria Elena Orlando, Irene Cacciola, Maria Grazia Rumi, Marco Artini, Antonio Picciotto, Oreste Loiacono, Rocco Siciliano, Massimo Levrero, Giovanni Raimondo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Guidance on the use of miglustat for treating patients with type 1 Gaucher disease
Authors: Neal J. Weinreb, John A. Barranger, Joel Charrow, Gregory A. Grabowski, Henry J. Mankin, Pramod Mistry
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Type 1 Gaucher disease (GD) is a progressive lysosomal storage disorder due to an autosomal recessive deficiency of glucocerebrosidase. Clinical manifestations include anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and bone and pulmonary disease. Intravenous enzyme replacement (ERT) with imiglucerase is the accepted standard for treatment of symptomatic patients. More than 3,500 patients worldwide have received ERT with well-documented beneficial effects on the hematological, visceral, skeletal, and pulmonary manifestations, and with resultant improvement in health-related quality of life. Miglustat, an imino sugar that reversibly inhibits glucosylceramide synthase and reduces intracellular substrate burden, is an oral treatment for patients with type 1 GD that was recently approved in the United States for symptomatic patients with mild to moderate clinical manifestations for whom ERT is not an option. Because responses to miglustat are slower and less robust than those observed with ERT, and because miglustat is associated with significant side effects, clinicians who care for patients with GD should become familiar with the limited indications for miglustat use and the circumstances when it may be prescribed appropriately. This review article and position statement represents the current opinion of American physicians with extensive expertise in GD regarding patient management in the context of the availability of standard imiglucerase treatment and the recent introduction of miglustat.
Thrombocytopenia as a Clue to HIV
Authors: Raphael B. Stricker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters1 July 1992Thrombocytopenia as a Clue to HIVRaphael B. Stricker, MDRaphael B. Stricker, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-1-94_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:Rüttimann and colleagues (1), in their analysis of the complete blood count as a case-finding tool, discovered four young men with unexplained thrombocytopenia. Despite the fact that thrombocytopenia is a well-known finding in early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (2), apparently these men were not tested for HIV as part of their workup. In view of the potential latency of HIV disease, this "important disorder" certainly could have been missed....References1. RüttimannClémençonDubach SDU. Usefulness of complete blood counts as a case-finding tool in medical outpatients. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:44-50. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Stricker R. Hemostatic abnormalities in HIV disease. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1991;5:249-65. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. RüttimanCémençonDubach SDU. Usefulness of complete blood counts as a case-finding tool in medical outpatients. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:44-50. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: California Pacific Medical Center San Francisco, CA 94120 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1992Volume 117, Issue 1Page: 94-94KeywordsComplete blood countHIVHIV infections Issue Published: 1 July 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole and clopidogrel were similarly effective for preventing recurrent stroke
Authors: Michael A Sloan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

ACP Journal Club17 February 2009Aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole and clopidogrel were similarly effective for preventing recurrent strokeMichael A. Sloan, MD, MSMichael A. Sloan, MD, MSUniversity of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA (M.A.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-4-200902170-02008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationSacco RL, Diener HC, Yusuf S, et al. Aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole versus clopidogrel for recurrent stroke. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:1238-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18753638Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Neurology: References1 Sacco RL, Adams R, Albers G, et al. Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke: co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: the American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline. Stroke. 2006;37:577-617. [PMID: 16432246] Google Scholar2 Thijs V, Lemmens R, Fieuws S. Network meta-analysis: simultaneous meta-analysis of common antiplatelet regimens after transient ischaemic attack or stroke. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:1086-92. [PMID: 18349026] Google Scholar3 Diener HC, Bogousslavsky J, Brass LM, et al. Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364:331-7. [PMID: 15276392] Google Scholar4 PROGRESS Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6, 105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet. 2001;358:1033-41. [PMID: 11589932] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA (M.A.S.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 February 2009. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTelmisartan did not prevent recurrent stroke or major cardiovascular events Michael A. Sloan Metrics 17 February 2009Volume 150, Issue 4Page: JC2-8KeywordsAspirinBlood pressureHazard ratioHemorrhageIschemic strokeMyocardial infarctionNumber needed to harmSafetyStrokeSystolic pressure ePublished: 17 February 2009 Issue Published: 17 February 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Stability of histamine dihydrochloride in solution
Authors: N. H. Nielsen, F. Madsen, L. Fröslund, U. G. Svendsen, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1988)

Histamine dihydrochloride (HC) is one of the bronchoconstrictors used for bronchial challenge. Information on the activity of HC dilutions during storage is desirable (4). Activity, bacterial, and fungal contamination of stored HC dilutions were tested after storage at 20° 4° and −18° C. HC dilutions with a concentration of and below 0.25 mg/ml have a significantly reduced activity after 1 month's storage at 20°C and should at present be used within 1 week to ensure the presence of the expected activity. The activity of HC dilutions stored at 4° C or −18°C was stable for at least 6 months. Upon delivery from a pharmacy we detected no bacterial or fungal contamination of HC dilutions by means of the method used. Before 3 months' storage, and independently of storage temperature, bacterial contamination was not found. After 3 months' storage, bacterial contamination was found in HC dilutions with a concentration below 0.5 mg/ ml. No fungi were isolated. HC dilutions with a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml and below should not be stored for more than 1 month and should be used within 1 week of opening.
Circulating Tumor-Specific DNA: A Marker for Monitoring Efficacy of Adjuvant Therapy in Cancer Patients
Authors: Heidi Fiegl, Simone Millinger, Elisabeth Mueller-Holzner, Christian Marth, Christian Ensinger, Andreas Berger, Helmut Klocker, Georg Goebel, Martin Widschwendter
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Adjuvant systemic therapy (a strategy that targets potential disseminated tumor cells after complete removal of the tumor) has clearly improved survival of patients with cancer. To date, no tool is available to monitor efficacy of these therapies, unless distant metastases arise, a situation that unavoidably leads to death. We analyzed RASSF1A DNA methylation in pretherapeutic sera and serum samples collected 1 year after surgery from 148 patients with breast cancer who were receiving adjuvant tamoxifen; 19.6% and 22.3% of patients with breast cancer showed RASSF1A DNA methylation in their pretherapeutic and 1-year-after serum samples, respectively. RASSF1A methylation 1 year after primary surgery (and during adjuvant tamoxifen therapy) was an independent predictor of poor outcome, with a relative risk (95% confidence interval) for relapse of 5.1 (1.3-19.8) and for death of 6.9 (1.9-25.9). Measurement of serum DNA methylation allows adjuvant systemic treatment to be monitored for efficacy: disappearance of RASSF1A DNA methylation in serum throughout treatment with tamoxifen indicates a response, whereas persistence or new appearance means resistance to adjuvant tamoxifen treatment. It remains to be seen whether modifications made in adjuvant therapeutic strategies based on detection of circulating nucleic acids will improve survival as well as quality of life.
Hepatocyte-specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is a determinant of lipid accumulation and liver injury in alcohol-induced steatosis in mice
Authors: Bharath Nath, Ivan Levin, Timea Csak, Jan Petrasek, Christian Mueller, Karen Kodys, Donna Catalano, Pranoti Mandrekar, Gyongyi Szabo
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Abstract Chronic alcohol causes hepatic steatosis and liver hypoxia. Hypoxia-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, (HIF-1α) may regulate liporegulatory genes, but the relationship of HIF-1 to steatosis remains unknown. We investigated HIF-1α in alcohol-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. Alcohol administration resulted in steatosis, increased liver triglyceride levels, and increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, suggesting liver injury in wild-type (WT) mice. There was increased hepatic HIF-1α messenger RNA (mRNA), protein, and DNA-binding activity in alcohol-fed mice compared with controls. Mice engineered with hepatocyte-specific HIF-1 activation (HIF1dPA) had increased HIF-1α mRNA, protein, and DNA-binding activity, and alcohol feeding in HIF1dPA mice increased hepatomegaly and hepatic triglyceride compared with WT mice. In contrast, hepatocyte-specific deletion of HIF-1α [HIF-1α(Hep−/−)], protected mice from alcohol- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver damage, serum ALT elevation, hepatomegaly, and lipid accumulation. HIF-1α(Hep−/−), WT, and HIF1dPA mice had equally suppressed levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α mRNA after chronic ethanol, whereas the HIF target, adipocyte differentiation-related protein, was up-regulated in WT mice but not HIF-1α(Hep−/−) ethanol-fed/LPS-challenged mice. The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was cooperatively induced by alcohol feeding and LPS in WT but not HIF-1α(Hep−/−) mice. Using Huh7 hepatoma cells in vitro, we found that MCP-1 treatment induced lipid accumulation and increased HIF-1α protein expression as well as DNA-binding activity. Small interfering RNA inhibition of HIF-1α prevented MCP-1–induced lipid accumulation, suggesting a mechanistic role for HIF-1α in hepatocyte lipid accumulation. Conclusion: Alcohol feeding results in lipid accumulation in hepatocytes involving HIF-1α activation. The alcohol-induced chemokine MCP-1 triggers lipid accumulation in hepatocytes via HIF-1α activation, suggesting a mechanistic link between inflammation and hepatic steatosis in alcoholic liver disease. (Hepatology 2011;)