tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correction: Source of Data
Authors: Herbert J. Kaufmann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1990Correction: Source of DataHerbert J. Kaufmann, MDHerbert J. Kaufmann, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-3-257_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: The article "Aphthous Ulceration of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)" in the 15 March issue (1) carries an incorrect statement. Dr. Bach and colleagues thank me for referring a patient. I did not refer the patient: The patient described as "case 1" was never seen by the authors nor was my permission to publish the case description or the accompanying photograph sought or given.I saw the patient at Northern Westchester Hospital Center in Mt. Kisco, New York, and almost simultaneously became aware of Dr. Bach's initial paper on the subject...References1. BachHowellValentiSmithWinslow CDATD. Aphthous ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:456-67. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BachValentiHowellSmith CADT. Odynophagia from aphthous ulcers of the pharynx and esophagus in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:338-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Katonah Medical Group, P.C. Katonah, NY 10536 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1990Volume 113, Issue 3Page: 257-257KeywordsAIDSGastrointestinal tractInformation storage and retrievalUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Efficacy of Budesonide/Formoterol Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler in Patients With Mild to Moderate Asthma With and Without Fixed Airflow Obstruction
Authors: B.E. Chipps, D.P. Tashkin, T. Uryniak, S. Zhao, J.G. Zangrilli
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Interaction of Onset and Duration of Diabetes on the Percent of GAD and IA-2 Antibody–Positive Subjects in the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium Database
Authors: David M. Tridgell, Charles Spiekerman, Richard S. Wang, Carla J. Greenbaum
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

GAD antibodies (GADA) are more common in type 1 diabetic subjects diagnosed at an older age, whereas insulinoma-antigen 2 antibodies (IA-2A) are more common in subjects with younger onset. The prevalence of both antibodies decreases with longer duration of type 1 diabetes. We evaluated the interaction between age of diagnosis (onset) and duration of diabetes on the percentage of GADA- and IA-2A-positive subjects.Data were used from 5,020 individuals with type 1 diabetes obtained from the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium dataset. The percentages of GADA- and IA-2A-positive subjects were modeled with duration as the continuous independent variable using a modified spline.Within the first 5 years from diagnosis, 19.4% of individuals (median age 13 years) had neither GADA nor IA-2A, and by 6 to 13 years after diagnosis (median age 18 years), 31.7% were antibody-negative. There was no significant interaction between onset of disease and duration of diabetes for IA-2A (P = 0.30). The interaction was significant for GADA (P = 0.0002), resulting from differences in subjects diagnosed at or older than age 14. For these individuals, there was no apparent effect of duration of disease on the percentage of GADA-positive subjects within the first 5 years of diagnosis.Onset and duration of diabetes both have an important effect on antibody status. The interaction of onset and duration on GADA positivity, but not on IA-2A, suggests differences in biology. These data provide a context for clinicians to interpret results of autoantibody testing in clinical practice.
Doppler echocardiographic features of ventricular septal rupture in myocardial infarction
Authors: Kunio Miyatake, Mitsunori Okamoto, Naokazu Kinoshita, Yung-Dae Park, Seiki Nagata, Shiro Izumi, Kenji Fusejima, Hiroshi Sakakibara, Yasuharu Nimura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1985)
Abstract A20: FGFR1-amplified squamous cell lung cancers depend on FGFR1
Authors: Martin L. Sos, Roman K. Thomas
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In lung adenocarcinomas of never-smokers EGFR mutations or EML4-ALK gene fusions are frequent genomic events that both expose prime therapeutic targets. By contrast, squamous cell lung cancer (SQLC) is almost invariably associated with smoking; in this subgroup of patients, no attractive therapeutic target has so far been identified. In order to identify such a therapeutically exploitable target in SQLC, we performed high-resolution genomic analyses of over 300 lung tumor specimens. Using 6.0 Affymetrix SNP-arrays we identified high-level focal amplifications of FGFR1 in 10% of over 150 primary SQLC specimens. Importantly, FGFR1 amplification was almost exclusively restricted to SQLC of smokers and almost never observed in adenocarcinomas. We also performed high-throughput cell line screening of 82 genomically annotated lung cancer cell lines using the FGFR inhibitor PD170374 and identified the presence of focal FGFR1 -amplifications as the strongest predictor of PD170374 activity. Biochemical kinase profiling across 108 kinases suggested that PD170374 was highly selective with only one of the kinases being inhibited to a similar extend as FGFR1 itself. Treatment with PD173074 induced apoptosis and inhibited MAPK- and, to a lesser extend, PI3K signaling in cell lines with focal amplification of FGFR1. In order to validate FGFR1 as a critical target in FGFR1 -amplified cells we employed retroviral expression of the gatekeeper mutant allele of FGFR1 (V561M) and thus the PD173074-sensitive cells were rendered resistant. Additionally, lentiviral-mediated knockdown of FGFR1 in FGFR1 -amplified cell lines confirmed FGFR1 as a critical target for FGFR1 inhibition in these cells. Finally, successful treatment of mice engrafted with FGFR1 -amplified lung cancer cell lines with PD173074 confirmed its on-target activity in vivo. Overall, our work demonstrates the functional relevance of amplification of FGFR1 in lung cancer and suggests that inhibition of FGFR with targeted therapeutics might be an effective strategy in squamous cell carcinoma patients with focal amplification of FGFR1. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):A20.
Shared decision making must move from rhetoric to reality, says King's Fund
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The Department of Health claims that it wants to put patients’ needs and wants at the heart of clinical decision making, but a report from the King’s Fund says there is a long way to go before shared decision making becomes the norm.

Health secretary Andrew Lansley coined the phrase, “Nothing about me, without me,” but there has been little guidance on what this really means and how the government intends to support shared decision making nationally, concludes the report Making shared decision making a reality. 

Angela Coulter, co-author of the report, told the BMJ : “It’s time that the rhetoric around ‘Nothing about me, without me’ is made a reality. There is no plan at the moment, just a muddle.”

Patient surveys suggest that at least half of those who experienced a hospital episode would …
Abstract 22: Differential IGF-II response of AA and CA normal breast cell lines to prolactin treatment
Authors: Teleka Calderon, Marino De León, Daisy D. De León
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract African-American (AA) breast cancer patients have lower survival compared with Caucasian-American (CA) patients. This survival disparity is significant in view of the lower incidence of breast cancer among AA. Lower incidence of breast cancer is associated with parity and lactation in young women. Lactation's protective effect is mediated by fatty-acid binding protein 3 (FABP3), a protein that promotes differentiation of breast epithelial cells. We have demonstrated that AA normal women below 50 years have lower FABP3 levels as compared to CA women (p = 0.030). FABP3 is a protective tumor suppressor that increases during pregnancy and lactation, in response to the lactation hormone prolactin (PRL). PRL effects on the breast are mediated by IGF-II. Thus, we propose that PRL treatment of normal epithelial breast cell lines would increase IGF-II to promote differentiation, increase FABP3, and decrease FABP5. FABP5 is associated with metastasis and may compensate for FABP3 decrease. We treated MCF10A (CA) and AG11132 (AA) normal breast epithelial cell lines with recombinant human PRL (0-200 ng/ml) for 24 hours. Cell lysates were examined for protein and mRNA levels of IGF-II, FABP3, and FABP5. In MCF10A cells, PRL stimulated an increase in protein levels of IGF-II (p=0.044), and a decrease in protein levels of FABP5 (p=0.044). Protein levels of FABP3 significantly decreased with increasing PRL concentration (p=0.030). IGF-II mRNA levels also increased at 50 and 200 ng/ml PRL (2.59 and 2.58 fold, respectively). In AG11132 cells, protein levels of FABP3 significantly increased with increasing PRL concentration (p=0.016). IGF-II and FABP5 mRNA levels increased significantly at 10 ng/ml PRL (49.91 and 2.13 fold, respectively); however, no corresponding changes were seen in protein levels. Though both cell lines respond to PRL treatment, only the MCF10A line displays increased IGF-II and decreased FABP5, which are protective changes in normal mammary cells. FABP3 levels decreased in MCF10A cells at higher PRL concentrations; this may be due to untreated MCF10A cells expressing significantly more FABP3 and prolactin, relative to AG11132 cells. The higher levels of PRL and FABP3 in untreated MCF10A cells indicate that they are more differentiated and thus require less PRL stimulation, relative to the AG11132 cells, to achieve a differentiated state. The dissimilar responsiveness of these cell lines to PRL may suggest decreased protection against breast carcinogenesis in AA patients, and may help us to further understand this health disparity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 22. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-22
The Investigation of Perinatal Deaths
Authors: Richard L. Naeye
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

In this issue, Mueller et al. analyze the cost effectiveness of various procedures routinely used in the post-mortem analysis of stillbirths and early neonatal deaths.1 It is a convincing analysis as far as genetic disorders are concerned, but their recommendations, if adopted, would leave some important nongenetic disorders undiagnosed. Mueller et al. judged post-mortem information primarily on the basis of its usefulness in genetic counseling and the clues it gave to the immediate cause of death. In this context, they claim that histopathological and chromosomal studies added no useful new information when neonates were found on gross examination to be . . .
Diabetes-induced alterations in the translational activity of specific messenger ribonucleic acids isolated from rat hearts.
Authors: A Barrieux, W E Neeley, W H Dillmann
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

During diabetes mellitus, total proteins and ribonucleic acids are significantly decreased in the rat heart, and these parameters can be increased by insulin administration. To determine whether all ribonucleic acids are equally sensitive to insulin, we examined the influence of this hormone on individual translatable ribonucleic acids. Cardiac ribonucleic acid prepared from control, untreated, and insulin-treated diabetic animals was translated in vitro in the presence of [35S]methionine. The radiolabeled peptides were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and were analyzed by fluorometry. We found that diabetes induces both qualitative and quantitative changes in the predominance of a few specific translatable messenger ribonucleic acid species. The translation of 11 messenger ribonucleic acid species was significantly decreased and that of eight messenger ribonucleic acid species was significantly increased in diabetic preparation. Twelve of the 19 translation products were quantified by digital matrix photometry: three labeled peptides were observed only when cardiac ribonucleic acid from diabetic animals was added to the cell-free translation system, four new peptides appeared when cardiac ribonucleic acid from control animals was added, and although the remaining five peptides were translated in vitro after either control or diabetic ribonucleic acid was added, their relative predominance was altered 2- to 200-fold. When translation products coded for by messenger ribonucleic acids prepared from either diabetic or hypothyroid hearts were compared, we found that most of the alterations induced by diabetes were also induced by hypothyroidism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Compensation of Lawyers and Doctors
Authors: Richard G. Williams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

To the Editor: Tibbles and Edelsberg (June 20 issue) 1 present a complete and cogent summary of the therapeutic usefulness of hyperbaric-oxygen therapy.However, their review contains a recommendation that is not supported by evidence.In the section on the treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning, the authors present a balanced discussion of studies demonstrating conflicting results.The available evidence does not guide us one way or the other as to the effectiveness of hyperbaric-oxygen therapy in this setting.Yet in a seeming non sequitur the authors state, we think that patients with severe carbon monoxide poisoning should receive at least one treatment with hyperbaric oxygen at 2.5 to 3.0 atmospheres; additional treatments may produce greater improvement in neuropsychological deficits.For patients with lesser degrees of poisoning, we advise consultation with a toxicologist to determine whether the administration of 100 percent normobaric oxygen for four to six hours, or until symptoms abate, would be adequate therapy.We find this recommendation incomplete at best, and misleading at worst.In a recent review, Tibbles and Perrotta stated that "no randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial demonstrated a clear advantage of HBO [hyperbaric-oxygen therapy] over NBO [normobaric-oxygen therapy] in reducing morbidity and mortality in carbon monoxide poisoning." 2 An accompanying article in the same journal concluded that "the standard of care for pa-tients exposed to CO [carbon monoxide] is yet to be determined." 3We believe readers need to be reminded of these facts.
A SKIN TEST FOR DETECTING GROUP C HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION CAUSING EPIZOOTIC LYMPHADENITIS IN GUINEA PIGS
Authors: Johannes K. Moen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

1. A skin test with a crude bacterial extract prepared from group C (Lancefield) hemolytic streptococci was used as a means of detecting possible carriers of the streptococcus causing epizootic lymphadenitis in guinea pigs. A positive test similar to a positive tuberculin reaction was considered presumptive evidence of present or recent infection with this streptococcus. 2. 20 positive reactors were found in 330 supposedly normal guinea pigs. 3. 195 negatively reacting animals were used as a breeding stock which yielded 1,296 progeny over a period of 15 months. None of the breeding stock or their progeny showed evidence of spontaneous lymphadenitis. Skin tests of 100 of the progeny were all negative. 4. The use of this skin test as a means of obtaining guinea pig breeding stock free of the streptococcus causing spontaneous lymphadenitis is suggested.
Myocardial Protection by Preconditioning of Heart With Losartan, an Angiotensin II Type 1-Receptor Blocker : Implication of Bradykinin-Dependent and Bradykinin-Independent Mechanisms
Authors: M. Sato, R. M. Engelman, H. Otani, N. Maulik, J. A. Rousou, J. E. Flack, D. W. Deaton, D. K. Das
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Ischemic preconditioning (PC) represents a state-of-the-art technique for myocardial preservation. Although certain intracellular mediators have been shown to play a role in PC, the exact nature of the trigger for PC is not known. Our previous study demonstrated that intracellular bradykinin released from the heart during ischemia/reperfusion plays a role in myocardial preservation. This study was undertaken to further examine the mechanism of bradykinin-mediated PC.Since the bradykinin B(2) receptor is likely to provide cardioprotection by blocking angiotensin II formation, we determined the effects of an angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor blocker, losartan, and a bradykinin B(2) receptor blocker, HOE 140, on myocardial protection. Isolated rat hearts were perfused initially by the Langendorff mode with Krebs-Henseleit buffer (KHB) for 15 minutes in the absence (control) or presence of losartan (4.5 micromol/L) and/or HOE 140 (10 micromol/L). After conversion to the working mode for 10 minutes (baseline), randomly assigned control and experimental hearts were subjected to 30 minutes of normothermic global ischemia followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Myocardial function, infarct size, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and amount of bradykinin/angiotensin released from the hearts were measured at baseline and during reperfusion while in the working mode. Significant postischemic ventricular recovery was demonstrated by improved developed pressure and aortic flow and reduced myocardial infarct size and apoptotic cell death with losartan, whereas the reverse was true for HOE 140. The functional recovery and infarct size-lowering ability of losartan were partially blocked and the antiapoptotic function of losartan was completely blocked by HOE 140.The results document that losartan reduced whereas HOE 140 increased myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by blocking AT(1) and bradykinin B(2) receptors, respectively, suggesting a role of the bradykinin B(2) receptor in PC. Losartan provided cardioprotection through both bradykinin-dependent and bradykinin-independent mechanisms.
Laparoscopic vs Open Incisional Hernia Repair
Authors: Hasan H. Eker, Bibi M. E. Hansson, Mark Buunen, Ignace M. C. Janssen, Robert E. G. J. M. Pierik, Wim C. Hop, H. Jaap Bonjer, Johannes Jeekel, Johan F. Lange
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Importance: Incisional hernia is the most frequent surgical complication after laparotomy.Up to 30% of all patients undergoing laparotomy develop an incisional hernia.Objective: To compare laparoscopic vs open ventral incisional hernia repair with regard to postoperative pain and nausea, operative results, perioperative and postoperative complications, hospital admission, and recurrence rate.Design: Multicenter randomized controlled trial between May 1999 and December 2006 with a mean follow-up period of 35 months.Setting: All patients were operated on in a clinical setting at 1 of the 2 participating university medical centers or at the other 8 teaching hospitals.Participants: Two hundred six patients from 10 hospitals were randomized equally to laparoscopic or open mesh repair.Patients with an incisional hernia larger than 3 cm and smaller than 15 cm, either primary or recurrent, were included.Patients were excluded if they had an open abdomen treatment in their medical histories. Intervention: Laparoscopic or open ventral incisional hernia repair.Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome of the trial was postoperative pain.Secondary outcomes were use of analgesics, perioperative and postoperative com-plications, operative time, postoperative nausea, length of hospital stay, recurrence, morbidity, and mortality.Results: Median blood loss during the operation was significantly less (10 mL vs 50 mL; P=.05) as well as the number of patients receiving a wound drain (3% vs 45%; PϽ.001) in the laparoscopic group.Operative time for the laparoscopic group was longer (100 minutes vs 76 minutes; P=.001).Perioperative complications were significantly higher after laparoscopy (9% vs 2%).Visual analog scale scores for pain and nausea, completed before surgery and 3 days and 1 and 4 weeks postoperatively, showed no significant differences between the 2 groups.At a mean follow-up period of 35 months, a recurrence rate of 14% was reported in the open group and 18%, in the laparoscopic group (P=.30).The size of the defect was found to be an independent predictor for recurrence (PϽ.001).Conclusions and Relevance: During the operation, there was less blood loss and less need for a wound drain in the laparoscopic group.However, operative time was longer during laparoscopy.Perioperative complications were significantly higher in the laparoscopic group.Visual analog scores for pain and nausea did not differ between groups.The incidence of a recurrence was similar in both groups.The size of the defect was found to be an independent factor for recurrence of an incisional hernia.
In vitro and in vivo mapping of drug release after laser ablation thermal therapy with doxorubicin-loaded hollow gold nanoshells using fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Hannah J. Lee, Yang Liu, Jun Zhao, Min Zhou, Richard R. Bouchard, Trevor Mitcham, Michael Wallace, R. Jason Stafford, Chun Li, Sanjay Gupta, Marites P. Melancon
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Application of the Theory of Heat Exchangers to the Transfer of Inert Materials in Placentas
Authors: J. JOB FABER
Journal: Circulation Research (1969)

Calculations were made on a variety of models to determine to what extent placental structure (vascular geometry and permeability) and placental function (rate and evenness of distribution of fetal and maternal blood flows, and presence of nonexchanging shunts) affect the rate of diffusional exchange across the placental barrier. The results of the calculations are given in the form of a graphical relationship between three dimensionless variables defined in the text. It is shown that experimentally measured transfers can also be represented in this form and thus compared to transfers that are theoretically predicted. The results indicate that biologically probable degrees of regional variation in permeability are harmless, but that this is not true of uneven distributions of maternal-fetal blood flow ratios. They further show that the relative magnitudes of blood flows through nonexchanging shunts can be found by extrapolation of experimental data obtained with substances whose transfers are entirely flow limited, but that the use of such substances cannot help to separate the effects on placental exchange due to vascular geometry from those due to uneven distribution of flow ratios. Methods are indicated with which the value of the placental permeability can be assessed experimentally under various conditions.
UK supply of chlortalidone for hypertension must be restored
Authors: E. E. Morrison, E. J. Turtle, D. J. Webb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In 2011 the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) updated UK hypertension guidance.1 Bendroflumethiazide 2.5 mg, still the most commonly prescribed UK antihypertensive,2 was replaced by chlortalidone (12.5-50 mg) as the recommended thiazide-like diuretic, because of its much stronger evidence …
C-C chemokine Eotaxin/CCL11 induces human lung fibroblast migration and enhances extracellular matrix metabolism in vitro: A new role for Eotaxin/CCL11 in tissue repair and airway remodeling
Authors: I. Puxeddu, N. Berkman, R. Bader, R. Reich, F. Levi-Schaffer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)