tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Acute Elevation in Blood Pressure and of Atropine on Heart Rate in Chagas' Disease
Authors: D. S. AMORIM, R. A. GODOY, J. C. MANÇO, A. TANAKA, L. GALLO
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Degeneration of the parasympathetic ganglia in the heart and in the smooth muscle (esophagus, colon, and bronchi) is known to occur in Chagas' disease. The reflex bradycardia associated with acute elevation in systemic arterial pressure and the blocking of this reflex effect with atropine are used in this investigation to study vagotonic influences on the heart in patients with Chagas' disease. Failure to increase heart rate following administration of atropine observed in cases of chronic Chagas' heart disease is believed to be a functional disorder related to degeneration of the neuronal supply to the sino-atrial region of the heart. To the authors' knowledge this report provides the first existing physiological investigation concerning the cardiovascular system in Chagas' disease.
No Plain Planes Anymore
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Raynaud's Disease in Children
Authors: WARREN G. GUNTHEROTH, BEVERLY C. MORGAN, JOHN A. HARBINSON, GAY L. MULLINS
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Six children with primary Raynaud's disease have been studied with plethysmography and multiple-site skin-temperature readings. All six were free of systemic disease. Each demonstrated the characteristic sequence of pallor, cyanosis, and rubor when subjected to generalized cold, but application of local cold produced only modest reduction in skin temperature and digital pulse. Only one child had a history of vasospastic symptoms associated with emotional stimuli, and she was the only one in whom an emotional challenge was able to produce Raynaud's phenomenon during the physiological studies. Tolazoline, in doses small enough to avoid generalized vasodilatation, was effective in substantially increasing flow to the affected digits. The involvement of only one or two digits, next to completely uninvolved digits, is a conclusive argument for a primarily local sensitivity. However, the ability to precipitate vasospasm with generalized cold, versus local cold applications, and emotional stimuli indicates the importance of the nervous system in the manifestation of Raynaud's disease.
TCT-684 Regular Drug Eluting Stent versus dedicated bifurcation paclitaxel eluting stent (BiOSS®) in coronary bifurcation treatment - POLBOS (POLish Bifurcation Optimal treatment Strategy) randomized study
Authors: Robert Gil, Dobrin Vassilev, Jacek Bil, Adam Kern, Radoslaw Formuszewicz, Slawomir Dobrzycki, Imre Ungi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Focal acral hyperkeratosis
Authors: PAULINE M.DOWD, R.R.M. HARMAN, M.M. BLACK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

We report fifteen cases showing focal acral hyperkeratosis. They were clinically identical to acrokeratoelastoidosis (AKE) but lacked the elastorrhexis which is a feature of AKE. The name focal acral hyperkeratosis is proposed for this condition which differs histologically from AKE.
The clinical implication and prognostic predictors of tigecycline treatment for pneumonia involving multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Jung-Jr Ye, Huang-Shen Lin, An-Jing Kuo, Hsieh-Shong Leu, Ping-Cherng Chiang, Ching-Tai Huang, Ming-Hsun Lee
Journal: Journal of Infection (2011)
Doctors will have a duty to report lapses in patients' basic care
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

UK doctors are to be put under an explicit professional duty to take action if they see that patients are being denied basic care such as help with feeding or washing, in the wake of the “appalling” standards of care found at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust.

The duty is spelled out in the draft of the proposed 2012 edition of the General Medical Council’s Good Medical Practice, which outlines the duties with which doctors must comply. The draft will go out for consultation in the week beginning 17 October and the final version will replace …
Subcutaneous Thoracentesis Utilizing an Ommaya Reservoir in Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hal J. Mitnick
Journal: JAMA (1986)

RECURRENT, clinically significant pleural effusions developing in benign and malignant disorders require either repeated thoracentesis or ablation of the pleural space. The former is associated with a risk of pneumothorax and infection, the latter with constitutional symptoms at the time of sclerosis. We recently treated a man whose clinical problems included infiltrative cardiomyopathy, lifethreatening severe pleural effusions, and supine and orthostatic hypotension secondary to primary amyloidosis.<sup>1</sup>Attempts to manage these problems with sodium restriction, diuretics, inotropic agents, and electrical pacing were inadequate and necessitated repeated thoracentesis. Pleural sclerosis was rejected because of two concerns. First, anecdotal reports of procedure failure in effusions secondary to congestive heart failure were known. Second, we believed that pleural ablation might lead to worsening of the contralateral pleural effusion or development of a pericardial effusion. Ommaya reservoirs as currently employed allow access to the cerebral ventricles, allowing for simple and safe sampling of cerebrospinal
Nicorandil, a potent cardioprotective agent, acts by opening mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channels
Authors: Toshiaki Sato, Norihito Sasaki, Brian O’Rourke, Eduardo Marbán
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)

OBJECTIVES To determine the mechanism of cardioprotection afforded by nicorandil, an orally efficacious antianginal drug, we examined its effects on ATP-dependent potassium (KATP) channels. BACKGROUND Nicorandil can mimic ischemic preconditioning, while mitochondrial KATP(mitoKATP) channels rather than sarcolemmal KATP(surfaceKATP) channels have emerged as the likely effectors. METHODS Flavoprotein fluorescence and membrane current in intact rabbit ventricular myocytes were measured simultaneously to assay mitoKATPchannel and surface KATPchannel activities, respectively. In a cell-pelleting model of ischemia, cells permeable to trypan blue were counted as killed by 60 and 120 min of ischemia. RESULTS Nicorandil (100 μmol/liter) increased flavoprotein oxidation but not membrane current; a 10-fold higher concentration recruits both mitoKATPand surfaceKATPchannels. Pooled dose-response data confirm that nicorandil concentrations as low as 10 μmol/liter turn on mitoKATPchannels, while surfaceKATPcurrent requires exposure to millimolar concentrations. Nicorandil blunted the rate of cell death in a pelleting model of ischemia; this cardioprotective effect was prevented by the mitoKATPchannel blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate but was unaffected by the surfaceKATPchannel blocker HMR1098. CONCLUSIONS Nicorandil exerts a direct cardioprotective effect on heart muscle cells, an effect mediated by selective activation of mitoKATPchannels.
EFFECTS OF EXCESS DIETARY CYSTEIC ACID, dl-METHIONINE, AND TAURINE ON THE RAT LIVER
Authors: David P. Earle, Katharine Smull, Joseph Victor
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

1. Cysteic acid fed to albino rats as 12.5 to 15 per cent of the McCollum stock diet caused portal necrosis and cirrhosis of the liver within 2 weeks. Concentrations of cysteic acid of 6.25 per cent or less in the diet produced no liver lesions within 2 weeks. 2.dl-Methionine fed as 6.4 to 12.4 per cent of the McCollum stock diet or of a low protein, low fat diet, resulted in severe atrophy of the liver cells but no cirrhosis of the liver. 3. Taurine fed as 1 to 10 per cent of the McCollum stock diet produces no liver lesions. 4. For reasons discussed in the paper, it is concluded that the liver necrosis and cirrhosis produced by cystine and cysteic acid are not dependent upon the S-S linkage of the cystine, the oxidation of the sulfur, the formation and excretion of large amounts of urinary sulfate, or the presence of an amino group separated from a sulfur molecule by a 2 carbon chain.
QRS Duration Does Not Predict Occurrence of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Patients With Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Alfred E. Buxton, Michael O. Sweeney, Mark S. Wathen, Mark E. Josephson, Mary F. Otterness, Elaine Hogan-Miller, Alice J. Stark, Paul J. DeGroot
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Airlines should be legally required to warn travellers about malaria
Authors: N. Siva
Journal: BMJ (2012)

All travel agents and airlines should be legally required to warn travellers about malaria if they sell flights or holidays to high risk regions, a specialist has said.

David Lalloo, a professor at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicines, said that between 1400 and 2000 new cases of malaria and between five and 16 deaths are now reported in the United Kingdom every year. Of these cases 60% occur in UK citizens who travel to visit family and friends in countries where malaria is endemic and 63% are in patients (infected with Plasmodium falciparum ) who had …
Implications of DRGs for Clinicians
Authors: Gilbert S. Omenn, Douglas A. Conrad
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

IN March 1983 Congress enacted a sweeping change in the payment mechanism for Medicare. The four-year transition (1984 to 1987) from retrospective, cost-based reimbursement to prospective pricing by diagnosis-related group (DRG) for most inpatient services will transform the economic incentives for physicians, hospitals, and insurers.1 2 3 Clinicians must become more knowledgeable about the new system and more active in influencing its further refinement. The purpose of this paper is to highlight what we think are the most critical issues in the implementation and improvement of the DRG-based payment system.Surgical versus Medical Treatment RegimensMany considerations come into play in physicians' . . .
Activation of mesangial cells by platelets in systemic lupus erythematosus via a CD154-dependent induction of CD40
Authors: Yahsou Delmas, Jean-François Viallard, Anne Solanilla, Julien Villeneuve, Jean-Max Pasquet, Francis Belloc, Isabelle Dubus, Julie Dachanet-Merville, Pierre Merville, Patrick Blanco, Jean-Luc Pellegrin, Alan T. Nurden, Christian Combe, Jean Ripoche
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Idiotype-specific T lymphocytes. II. capability of generation of idiotype-specific T lymphocytes is determined by corresponding VH gene.
Authors: H Yamamoto, S Bitoh, S Fujimoto
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

MOPC-104E (M104E) idiotype-specific and major histocompatibility complex-restricted T lymphocyte activities were investigated in BALB/c (Igh-1a) and its Igh-1-congenic strains of mice, such as C.AL-20 (Igh-1d), BAB-14 (Igh-1b), and CB-20 (Igh-1b). Idiotype-specific T lymphocytes could be induced in BALB/c and BAB-14 by immunization of viable M104E tumor cells followed by surgical removal and in vitro restimulation with the homologous tumor cells. On the other hand, C.AL-20 and CB-20 mice did not show the idiotype-recognizing capacity even though they could mount comparable cytotoxic T lymphocyte activities against M104E to BALB/c and BAB-14. The results strongly suggest that the inducibility of M104E cross-reactive idiotypy closely paralleled the producibility of corresponding idiotype-specific T lymphocytes. Genetically defined VH gene products might act as internal images that construct idiotype network systems.
Toxicity, uptake, and mutagenicity of particulate and soluble nickel compounds.
Authors: G G Fletcher, F E Rossetto, J D Turnbull, E Nieboer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Toxicity testing in AS52 cells (24-hr exposures) gave LC50 values of 2 to 130 micrograms Ni/ml for particulate nickel compounds and 45 to 60 micrograms Ni/ml for water-soluble salts (NiCl2, NiSO4, Ni(CH3COO)2). The Ni(OH)2, NiCO3, and sulfides (Ni3S2, Ni7S6, "amorphous NiS") exhibited similar toxicities (LC50's of 2 to 8 micrograms Ni/ml), while three nickel oxides were more variable and less toxic (LC50's of 18 to 130 micrograms Ni/ml). Most compounds displayed nuclear to cytoplasmic nickel ratios of approximately 1:1.5 to 1:5 (except approximately 1:20 for nickel salts). At the LC50's, a 75-fold range in exposure levels occurred compared to a 10-fold range in cytoplasmic and nuclear nickel concentrations, [Ni]. Cellular nickel distribution indicated three groupings: inert compounds (green NiO, lithium nickel oxide, relatively low nuclear and cytosolic [Ni]); water-soluble salts (very low nuclear [Ni]; high cytosolic [Ni]), and slightly soluble compounds (relatively high cytosolic and nuclear [Ni]). Nickel compounds are considered to be only weak or equivocal mutagens. In this study, a low but significant increase in mutation rate at the gpt locus was shown. Although the results would not be sufficient to deem nickel compounds mutagenic by traditional criteria, characterization by PCR analysis indicated that the spontaneous and nickel-induced mutants exhibited different and compound-specific mutational spectra (thus confirming nickel compound involvement). The results reported illustrate some of the methodologic problems involved in testing "weak" mutagens and indicate that alternative approaches may be necessary in classifying the mutagenicity of nickel and other compounds.
Extracellular Matrix Heterogeneity Regulates Three‐Dimensional Morphologies of Breast Adenocarcinoma Cell Invasion
Authors: Yoojin Shin, Hyunju Kim, Sewoon Han, Jihee Won, Hyo Eun Jeong, Eun‐Sook Lee, Roger D. Kamm, Jae‐Hong Kim, Seok Chung
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Cancer cell invasion is a fundamental aspect of metastasis and a major cause of mortality in patients [1] .The invasive potential of cancer cells is largely dependent on their ability to degrade and migrate through extracellular matrix (ECM) barriers.During invasion, cancer
Chronic Atherosclerotic Occlusion of the Femoral Artery
Authors: Daniel C. Schadt
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The 5-year survival rate for 422 patients having chronic atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the femoral artery was 54 per cent for the diabetic patients and 75 per cent for the nondiabetic. Ischemic ulceration without gangrene occurred in 12 per cent of the diabetic and in 5 per cent of the nondiabetic group; gangrene had developed in 40 per cent of the diabetic and in 9 per cent of the nondiabetic. Intermittent claudication was the predominant symptom on initial examination. Amputation was required in 27 per cent of the diabetic but in only 7 per cent of the nondiabetic patients.
A CASE OF LOCALIZED AMNESIA.
Authors: EDWARD E. MAYER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

4. Antivenene does not protect very powerfully against the irritative poison.5. Antivenene protects against the nervous poisons of various venoms.6. Immunity to the unmodified venom is better se- cured by intravenous than by subcutaneous injection.7. Calmette's method of immunization with the modi- fied venom is greatly to be preferred to the method of immunization to the unmodified venom as tried in these
Clinical predictors of tuberculosis as a guide for a respiratory isolation policy.
Authors: N N Bock, J E McGowan, J Ahn, J Tapia, H M Blumberg
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

An expanded respiratory isolation policy was implemented in a public hospital that cares for about 200 patients with active tuberculous each year. This led to proper isolation of > or = 95% of patients with tuberculosis on admission but involved an 8-fold overuse of isolation rooms. We developed a model policy to decrease overisolation of nontuberculous patients. Clinical findings in 295 patients admitted to respiratory isolation during a 3-mo period were evaluated for their usefulness in determining which patients had tuberculosis. Multivariate analysis identified five predictive variables: chest radiograph with upper lobe infiltrate (odds ratio, 5.00; CI, 2.38 to 10.51; p = 0.001) or cavity (odds ratio, 3.93; CI, 1.06 to 14.62; p = 0.041), history of having known someone with tuberculosis (odds ratio, 2.42; CI, 1.10 to 5.32, p = 0.027), self-reported positive tuberculin skin test (odds ratio, 5.67; CI, 1.57 to 22.01; p = 0.009), self-reported isoniazid preventive therapy (odds ratio, 0.18; CI, 0.04 to 0.82; p = 0.027). Using these variables to determine which patients required isolation would have decreased the number of isolated nontuberculous patients from 253 to 95, but it would have missed eight of 42 patients with tuberculosis. Further work is needed to identify clinical predictors that would decrease overuse of isolation beds while maintaining satisfactory sensitivity for patients with tuberculosis.
The Effects of Work Load and Heart Rate on Filling of The Isolated Right Ventricle of The Dog Heart
Authors: N. M. BUCKLEY, ERIC OGDEN, DONALD S. LINTON
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

Ventricular filling in the isolated right ventricle was studied. Mechanical impedance of the ventricle was estimated from simultaneous ventricular pressure and inflow measurements. Changes in work load or heart rate were accompanied by reproducible and characteristic changes in impedance and intraventricular pressure-curve contour. These were discussed in relation to changes in ventricular relaxation, elasticity, and viscosity. The right ventricle fills according to a pattern fixed by hemodynamic factors which affect the mechanical properties of the ventricle. The physical state of the ventricle early in diastole appears to be a determinant of stroke output.
PTX3, A NEW BIOMARKER FOR VASCULITIS, PREDICTS INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN UNRESPONSIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH KAWASAKI DISEASE
Authors: Yasuhiro Katsube, Miharu Akao, Makoto Watanabe, Masanori Abe, Mitsuhiro Kamisago, Ryuji Fukazawa, Shun-ichi Ogawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Humans Is Associated With Myocardial Perfusion Defects
Authors: David Hasdai, Raymond J. Gibbons, David R. Holmes, Stuart T. Higano, Amir Lerman
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Coronary endothelial dysfunction may occur in patients with minimally obstructive coronary artery disease and angina, and potentially may cause myocardial ischemia. Methods and Results Coronary endothelium-dependent vasodilation was examined in patients with angina and &lt;50% coronary artery diameter (CAD) stenosis by selectively infusing acetylcholine (10 −6 mol/L to 10 −4 mol/L) into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Percent change in CAD (%ΔCAD) was measured by quantitative coronary angiography, and percent change in coronary blood flow (%ΔCBF) was calculated using intracoronary flow Doppler. Coronary endothelium-independent vasodilation was examined using intracoronary adenosine and nitroglycerin. 99m Tc sestamibi was injected intravenously just prior to the infusion of the highest dose of acetylcholine. Patients were divided blindly into three groups: Perfusion defects in non-LAD territory (group 1, n=6), no perfusion defects (group 2, n=7), and perfusion defects in the LAD territory (group 3, n=7). All patients had intact endothelium-independent vasodilation. In group 1, perfusion defects outside the LAD territory reflected an increase in %ΔCAD and %ΔCBF by 24±5% and 241±46% in the LAD. In group 2, %ΔCAD decreased by 26±5%, but %ΔCBF increased by 54±17%. In group 3, perfusion defects were within the LAD territory, reflecting a decrease in %ΔCAD and %ΔCBF by 35±5% and 51±14%, respectively. Conclusions This study demonstrates that coronary endothelial dysfunction in humans may be temporally associated with myocardial perfusion defects and supports a role for the coronary epicardial and microcirculation endothelium in regulating myocardial perfusion. Myocardial ischemia may occur in humans with impaired endothelium-dependent coronary flow reserve of the coronary epicardial and microcirculation.
Role of probiotic bacteria in sepsis
Authors: Tetsuji Fujita
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

I read an excellent and interesting study by Dr. Ewaschuk and colleagues1 showing the beneficial effects of probiotic compounds on colonic barrier function and the protection of liver in a mouse model of sepsis. The author revealed that a pretreatment with oral probiotics for 7 days could prevent the breakdown in intestinal barrier function, bacterial translocation, and hepatic damage in interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene-deficient mice with sepsis induced by coinjection of 360 mg/kg D-galactosamine (GalN) and 40 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). GalN is a hepatotoxic agent, which leads to rapid depletion of uridine nucleotides, resulting in an impaired biosynthesis of macromolecular cell constituents such as RNA, membrane glycoproteins, and glycogen in hepatocytes. It has been reported that coinjection of GalN and a low dose of LPS (1-10 μg/kg) lead mice to irreversible septic shock, fulminant hepatitis with severe hepatic congestion, and rapid death within 5-9 hours after injection.2, 3 In the article, the authors mention that the mice were killed 6 hours after injection for analysis according to the results of preliminary dose-dependent studies. A septic mouse used for this experiment has characteristics of a patient dying from severe septic shock and hepatic failure, which seems not to be suitable for a study to evaluate the usefulness of probiotics. I would like to ask the authors to show the survival data of mice and whether the effects of oral probiotics on survival were investigated. In the Editorial on this paper,4 Dr. Versalovic speculates that the egress of proinflammatory mediators from leaky gut into the portal circulation contributed to hepatic injury. We previously compared the levels of IL-1, IL-6, and LPS in the systemic circulation with those in the portal blood during major abdominal surgery.5, 6 No difference was found among them, and modest endotoxemia induced by surgical stress was not correlated with hepatic injury. Although the advantages of probiotic administration in the protection of intestinal epithelium have been confirmed, the relationship between moderately increased intestinal permeability and liver damage has not been elucidated. Tetsuji Fujita MD*, * Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.