tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: ROBERT M. JERESATY
Journal: Circulation (1974)

tion of the coronal cross-section should have been rotated counter-clockwise as pointed out by Dr. Gramiak, although we think his figure shows somewhat exaggerated rotation.However, we do state clearly in our manuscript that the tricuspid valve is anterior to the interventricular septum and that the latter structure is continuous with the anterior aortic margin.In addition, and as also stated in our report, it should be emphasized that the tricuspid valve is positioned inferiorly and medial to the aortic valve.Because figure 3 is a coronal cross-section, the fact that the four cardiac valves are at different superior- inferior levels cannot be appreciated from any diagram.We do not agree that an error exists in the diagrammatic portion of figure 1.We included a portion of a longitudinal section of the sternum in the illustration for clarity since the sternum is a usual anatomic landmark.Moreover, it should be pointed out that the sternum is minimally calcified in infants.While the parasternal position is employed commonly for left ventricular structure imaging the transducer position shown in our illustration does not preclude recording aortic valve or mitral valve images in infants and is preferred for viewing right ventricular structures.
Tc-99m DTPA Uptake in Paget's Disease of the Left llium
Authors: GEORGE LARCOS, SIMON M. GRUENEWALD, DAVID C. FARLOW, VINCENT F. ANTICO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Skeletal visualization during dynamic renal imaging is an uncommon finding that has previously been related to underlying neoplastic disease. The authors report a case of active Paget's disease of the left ilium resulting in uptake of Tc-99m DTPA in the arterial flow and early blood pool images. This report emphasizes that it is the increased blood flow, rather than the bone pathology per se, that determines uptake of Tc-99m DTPA in Paget's disease.
Mutations of the Homeobox Genes Dlx-1 and Dlx-2 Disrupt the Striatal Subventricular Zone and Differentiation of Late Born Striatal Neurons
Authors: Stewart A Anderson, Mengsheng Qiu, Alessandro Bulfone, David D Eisenstat, Juanito Meneses, Roger Pedersen, John L.R Rubenstein
Journal: Neuron (1997)
The Effect of Maternal Smoking on Respiratory and Arousal Patterns in Preterm Infants during Sleep
Authors: Hemant Sawnani, Tonya Jackson, Thomas Murphy, Robert Beckerman, Narong Simakajornboon
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. The effect of maternal smoking on apnea and arousal patterns in preterm infants is currently unknown. Multichannel polysomnographic studies were performed in preterm infants. Thirty infants were enrolled into the study: 16 exposed prenatally to cigarette smoke (S) and 14 control infants (C). There was no difference in the gestational and postconceptional ages at the time of study. Maternal smoking was associated with a significant increase in the apneic index in these infants (28.6 +/- 6.4/hour [S] vs. 13.2 +/- 3.9 [C]; p<0.05), and the difference was noted for obstructive events and only during active sleep. The arousal index was significantly decreased in the maternal smoking group (34.5 +/- 2.3/hour [S] vs. 46.3 +/- 5.6/hour [C]; p<0.05), with a specific decrease in percentage of arousal after respiratory events (10.7 +/- 2.1% [S] vs. 29.4 +/- 5.4% [C]; p<0.05). In conclusion, preterm infants exposed prenatally to cigarette smoke have increased respiratory events during active sleep, predominantly due to obstructive apnea, and possibly a higher arousal threshold during apneic events. These alterations in respiratory and arousal patterns in preterm infants born to smoking mothers may lead to significant vulnerability in this population.
Esophageal tuberculosis initially misdiagnosed by endoscopy as a submucosal tumor
Authors: Yi Mou, Hongze Zeng, Qi-Ming Wang, Hang Yi, Wei Liu, Dingke Wen, Bing Hu
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 65-year-old woman presented with dysphagia and retrosternal pain of 6 months' duration. She had no weight loss or past medical history. The results of physical examination and contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest were normal. Gastroscopy revealed a lesion in the middle esophagus with a bulging mucosa, smooth surface, and clear boundary ([Fig. 1 a]). The lesion was considered to be a submucosal tumor, and biopsy specimens were not taken. The patient did not receive any treatment.
Intimal thickening in autogenous vein grafts in rabbits: influence of aspirin and dipyridamole.
Authors: A J Murday, A H Gershlick, Y D Syndercombe-Court, P G Mills, C T Lewis
Journal: Thorax (1984)

The effects of three different platelet modifying regimens on the degree of intimal thickening of autogenous vein grafts in rabbits were measured one month after operation. Dipyridamole alone (2 mg/kg/6 h) had little effect on the intimal thickness of these rabbits compared with that of controls (mean (1 SEM) for treated animals: 72.0 (7.9) micron; controls: 63.6 (6.0) micron). High dose acetylsalicylic acid (40 mg/kg/24 h) plus dipyridamole (2 mg/kg/6 h) increased intimal thickening significantly (85.8 (6.0) v 63.6 (6.2) micron; p = 0.05, n = 17). Low dose acetylsalicylic acid (0.5 mg/kg/24 h) plus dipyridamole (2 mg/kg/6 h) also increased intimal thickening (79.0 (6.1) v 63.6 (6.0] micron but not to a significant degree. It has previously been shown in vitro that acetylsalicylic acid increases the area of an exposed subendothelial arterial surface covered by platelets. Such an effect may explain our finding of increased intimal thickening with high dose acetylsalicylic acid plus dipyridamole.
Necrosectomie pancreatique par voie endoscopique
Authors: J Escourrou, P Andrau, B Bournet, J Moreau, L Buscail, H Shehab
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: Les pancréatites aiguës nécrotiques infectées présentent une mortalité de l'ordre de 25 à 30% avec risques de défaillance multiviscérale et malgré une antibiothérapie adaptée. Le traitement de la nécrose infectée est la nécrosectomie réalisée essentiellement par voie chirurgicale.
A Survey of Present-Day Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Samuel B. Beaser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

EXAMINATION of present-day therapy of diabetes mellitus reveals considerable lack of uniformity in both the aims and the clinical details of management, as expressed in current textbooks and literature. For example, an attempt to determine the proper aim of therapy by means of these sources yields a bewildering range of advice. One finds the more conservative writers advocating normoglycemic control1 2 3 or aglycosuria throughout the day, with normalization of only the fasting blood sugar.4 Still more liberal are the "middle-of-the-road" therapeutists, who allow moderate hyperglycemia and glycosuria.5 Finally, there are the most liberal, or free-diet, therapeutists, who disregard all but symptoms, . . .
Famous Lines in History
Authors: Mohammad-Ali Yazdani Abyaneh, Robert Griffith, Leyre Falto-Aizpurua, Keyvan Nouri
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Mechanisms of pHi recovery after global ischemia in the perfused heart.
Authors: J I Vandenberg, J C Metcalfe, A A Grace
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

A Na(+)-HCO3- coinflux carrier and the Na(+)-H+ antiport have both been shown to contribute to recovery from intracellular acidosis in cardiac tissue. We have investigated the participation of these mechanisms as well as metabolite (lactate and CO2) washout in the recovery of pHi after myocardial ischemia. Isovolumic ferret hearts were Langendorff-perfused with either HCO3(-)-buffered or nominally HCO3(-)-free (HEPES-buffered) medium at 30 degrees C. pHi was estimated from the chemical shift of the 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance signal of intracellular PO4-, and net H+ efflux rates were calculated at pHi 6.80. The H+ efflux rate during reperfusion, after 10 minutes of global ischemia, was 15.5 +/- 1.9 mmol.l-1 x min-1 (n = 10) in hearts perfused with HCO3(-)-buffered medium and 8.2 +/- 1.5 mmol.l-1 x min-1 (n = 9, p &lt; 0.01) in hearts perfused with HEPES-buffered medium. HCO3- influx, assessed either by inhibition by 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (20 microM) or by initially perfusing hearts with HEPES-buffered medium but reperfusing with HCO3(-)-buffered medium, accounted for 3.5-4.9 mmol.l-1 x min-1, and CO2 efflux accounted for 3.8-6.2 mmol.l-1 x min-1 of the additional H+ efflux in HCO3(-)-buffered medium. H(+)-coupled lactate efflux, measured by NAD(+)-linked spectrophotometric assay and inhibited by the sarcolemmal monocarboxylate transport inhibitor 4,4'-dibenzamidostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate (0.25 mM), contributed 3.7-6.2 mmol.l-1 x min-1. H+ efflux via the 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride-sensitive Na(+)-H+ antiport was 1.0-2.9 mmol.l-1 x min-1. pHi recovery after ischemia is therefore principally mediated by metabolite (lactate and CO2) washout. Na(+)-coupled acid extrusion contributed approximately 35% of total H+ efflux in this system. However, the associated Na+ entry (approximately 5 mmol.l-1 x min-1) may contribute to Ca2+ overload after reperfusion.
Falling foul of gagging clauses
Authors: J. Cassidy
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Gagging clauses can also work in favour of doctors who leave trusts “under a cloud,” making it difficult for future employers to find out what went wrong and leaving them free to repeat their behaviour. These legal restrictions make it difficult to raise concerns about a doctor’s competence. The <i>BMJ</i> has uncovered a case of one consultant currently working as a locum who has left two trusts with gagging clauses concealing the reasons for the departures. <b>Jane Cassidy</b> hears how a concerned medical colleague who tried to report the consultant to the General Medical Council got into trouble for breaching the gagging clause
<i>BMJ</i> and <i>Lancet</i> rank among the most clinically relevant medical journals
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A small number of general, broad interest journals contain the most clinically relevant information for doctors, according to a major review.

The review was conducted by a group at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario. The Health Information Research Unit of the university's Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics publishes several secondary “evidence-based” journals. In 2,000 the unit prepared ACP Journal Club ( ACP J Club ) to support internal medicine and Evidence-Based Medicine ( EBM ) to support general and family practice.

The authors of the review found that four journals ( New England Journal of Medicine , JAMA , Lancet and the Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews ) provided 56.5% of the content for the internal medicine review journal ACP Journal Club …
Home truths about anatomy
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2007)

When I was a small boy, my grandparents used to take the News of the World . I wasn't allowed to read it, presumably because, in the advertising slogan of the time, “All human life was here.” In those days, all human life was precisely what parents were there to protect children from. 

I can't help thinking of that slogan whenever I look through the 19 volumes of Household Words , the journal that Dickens edited between 1851 and 1859. Who can resist articles entitled “Bankruptcy in Six Easy Lessons,” or a true story that begins “Our hero was hanged… at the age of twenty”? It continues, “[His autobiography] appeared three or four days after his execution, with a …
Influence of thyroid state on mechanical restitution of rat myocardium.
Authors: C Poggesi, M Everts, B Polla, F Tanzi, C Reggiani
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether thyroid state affects the beat-to-beat regulation of contractile strength in cardiac muscle. Transmembrane action potential and isometric force were simultaneously recorded in right ventricular papillary muscles from euthyroid, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid rats. Large thyroid state-dependent alterations in the contractile response of the muscles were not accompanied by any significant difference in the action potential. During steady-state stimulation, single test stimuli were interpolated at varying intervals. Action potential duration and peak force of the test responses were plotted against the test stimulus interval to produce electrical and mechanical restitution curves. In all muscles studied, electrical and mechanical restitution followed different time courses; over a wide range of test intervals, action potential duration and peak force of the test responses changed in opposite directions. Thyroid state profoundly affected the recovery of contractile strength, while only minor differences were found among the electrical restitution curves of the three groups of preparations. Mechanical recovery was much faster in hyperthyroid and slower in hypothyroid than in euthyroid muscles. We conclude that electrical and mechanical restitutions occur through separate processes and that the thyroid state affects only the mechanisms responsible for the contractile recovery of rat myocardium. The modifications induced by thyroid dysfunction on contractile recovery might be accounted for by an effect of thyroid state on a time-dependent recycling of calcium by the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
In vivo hepatic HB-EGF gene transduction inhibits Fas-induced liver injury and induces liver regeneration in mice: A comparative study to HGF
Authors: Ngin Cin Khai, Tomoyuki Takahashi, Hiroaki Ushikoshi, Satoshi Nagano, Kentaro Yuge, Masayasu Esaki, Takao Kawai, Kazuko Goto, Yoshiteru Murofushi, Takako Fujiwara, Hisayoshi Fujiwara, Ken-ichiro Kosai
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Viscum album fermentatum Pini versus oral etoposide as adjuvant treatment in osteosarcoma patients after second relapse.
Authors: A. Longhi, S. Ferrari, E. Mariani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

TPS331 Background: Patients with localized osteosarcoma can be cured in approximately 60% of cases with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, only few experimental drugs are available for relapsed and inoperable patients. We know from historical controls that after the second relapse the risk of further relapses increases. The 12-months disease-free survival (DFS) after the second relapse is about 12% in our historical controls (Fagioli F2002, Bacci G 2005). Oral etoposide is often used in clinical practice due to some evidence of effectiveness when administered iv as second-line treatment. Viscum fermented mistletoe extract (Viscum Loranthaceae) is a phytocompound popular in cancer treatment across central Europe with immunomodulatory activity. Encouraged by the preliminary findings in 4/5 osteosarcoma patients treated with Viscum: who experienced a DFS > 12 months after their second relapse, we designed a phase II study randomized, prospective study. Methods: In June 2007 after approval by ethic committee a phase II, prospective, two-arm, randomized clinical study started comparing Viscum album fermentatum Pini ( s.c., 3 times/wk) for 1 year versus etoposide (50 mg/m2 orally, day 1-21, every 28 days for 6 cycles) in patients with diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma free from disease after second relapse, with age > 10 yrs, ECOG performance status 0-2, no other concomitant antitumoral treatment, no other past or present malignancies, normal renal, hepatic, and bone marrow function. Principal endpoint: 1 yr DFS of 40% in one of the two arm compared to a historical group (12%). Secondary end points are quality of life according to EORTC QLQ-C30 and evaluation of immune modulation measured by Natural Killer lymphocytes T,IL2, IL12, IL15, gamma IFN, and IP10. To date we have enrolled 13 pts, 6 in the Viscum arm and 7 in the etoposide arm. Median follow-up time is 15 months (5-30) while the study is in progress. Accrual is still open to at least 20 patients. Preliminary data are reported about toxicity and DFS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Coronary angioplasty for unstable angina: Immediate and late results in 200 consecutive patients with identification of risk factors for unfavorable early and late outcome
Authors: Pim J. de Feyter, Harry Suryapranata, Patrick W. Serruys, Kevin Beatt, Ron van Domburg, Marcel van den Brand, Jan J. Tijssen, Aida J. Azar, Paul G. Hugenholtz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Preferential Diaphragmatic Weakness during Sustained <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Lung Infection
Authors: Maziar Divangahi, Stefan Matecki, Roy W. R. Dudley, Stephanie A. Tuck, Weisheng Bao, Danuta Radzioch, Alain S. Comtois, Basil J. Petrof
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa plays a major role in the pulmonary inflammation and injury associated with cystic fibrosis. Lung inflammation may also lead to more widespread systemic effects on other organs. We tested the following hypotheses: (1) ongoing P. aeruginosa lung infection produces diaphragmatic and limb muscle weakness and (2) such muscle dysfunction is directly correlated with the level of pulmonary inflammation. Chronic bronchopulmonary infection with mucoid P. aeruginosa was induced in C57BL/6 mice. At Day 2 after infection, diaphragmatic force was decreased (37%) only in mice infected with a high dose of 1 × 106 cfu, whereas by Day 7 after infection, diaphragmatic force was similarly reduced (36%) even at a fivefold lower inoculating dose. No significant correlations were found between diaphragmatic weakness and pulmonary inflammation, as assessed by the number of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Moreover, in marked contrast to the diaphragm, no effects of P. aeruginosa infection on contractile function were observed in prototypical slow- and fast-twitch hindlimb muscles. We conclude that sustained lung infection with P. aeruginosa induces preferential weakness of the diaphragm, which is not directly correlated with the degree of pulmonary inflammation induced under these conditions.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen, secretory component, and epithelial IgA in ulcerative colitis with dysplasia.
Authors: T O Rognum, K Elgjo, O Fausa, P Brandtzaeg
Journal: Gut (1982)

Immunofluorescence staining for carcinoembryonic antigen, secretory component, and epithelial IgA was evaluated semiquantitatively in routine formalin-fixed mucosal biopsy samples from five patients with ulcerative colitis who had undergone colectomy because of carcinomas. Selected areas were given fluorescence intensity scores without knowledge of whether dysplasia or reactive hyperplasia was present as judged by another observer from conventional histopathological features in adjacent sections. The two types of lesion did not differ significantly with regard to the expression of the three marker antigens. In a prospective study based on cold ethanol-fixed mucosal biopsy samples, lesions from 11 ulcerative colitis patients with dysplasia were compared blindly with lesions from six patients with reactive hyperplasia and with samples obtained endoscopically from eight normal controls. The range of disease-associated fluorescence intensity scores was wide, but staining for all markers tended to be brighter in reactive hyperplasia than in dysplasia (P less than 0.01). In the controls, the fluorescence intensity score tended to be lower for carcinoembryonic antigen but was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher for secretory component and epithelial IgA than in both types of lesion. Moreover, staining for secretory component and epithelial IgA in the lesions seemed to be inversely related to the grade of dysplasia and the degree of inflammation. No such trend was seen for carcinoembryonic antigen. The wide ranges of individual fluorescence scores precluded the possibility of applying carcinoembryonic antigen, secretory component, and epithelial IgA as immunohistochemical markers to differentiate between dysplasia and reactive hyperplasia in routine diagnostic work.
Housing Characteristics and Reported Pest Infestation Differ Among Neighborhoods with High and Low Asthma Prevalence in New York City
Authors: L.M. Acosta, I.F. Goldstein, A.G. Rundle, Y. Sueda, A. Dahl, G.L. Chew, R.B. Mellins, L. Hoepner, H. Andrews, F.P. Perera, R.L. Miller, J.S. Jacobson, M.S. Perzanowski
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Vogue Words—Ectopic Language
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1978)

"When I use a word," Humpty Dumpty said, in a rather scornful tone, "it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less." Lewis Carroll Through the Looking Glass High on the list of professional attributes physicians value most are independent judgment and scientific bent. Yet when it comes to one fact of professional life, communication, both characteristics are frequently (and simultaneously) suspended. All too often we find unexamined adherence to prevalent terminology and ill-considered adoption of attractive new terms that may be scientifically questionable. Language can convey meaning accurately when everyone agrees on what the words themselves signify. By common usage, when we read or say "America," we think "United States." Everyone knows this is flagrantly erroneous, but no one is misled. (Even Canadians call us "Americans.") Yet for students and others not party to local or general convention, terminology can confuse rather than clarify. This is
Developmental evidence for working memory as activated long-term memory
Authors: Sergio Morra
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

There is remarkable agreement between Ruchkin et al.'s psychophysiological views and my own model, based on developmental-experimental evidence, of working memory as activated long-term memory (LTM). I construe subvocal rehearsal as an operative scheme that maintains order information and demands attentional resources. Encoding and retrieving operations also demand attention. Another share of resources is used for keeping activated specific LTM representations.