tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dextrothyroxine on Metabolism of C14-Labeled Cholesterol and Tripalmitin
Authors: Joseph L. Rabinowitz, Theodore Rodman, Ralph M. Myerson
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP of hypercholesteremia to atherosclerosis had led to consideration of thyroxine as a useful agent in lowering serum cholesterol.<sup>1,3</sup>Since the dose of L-thyroxine required for this purpose usually produces hypermetabolic effects,<sup>3</sup>many analogues of thyroxine have been tested in an attempt to find one with a predominantly cholesterol-lowering action.<sup>4,5</sup>This study was undertaken to determine the effect of oral dextrothyroxine (D-T<sub>4</sub>) on the metabolism of intravenously administered C<sup>14</sup>-labeled cholesterol and tripalmitin. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Twenty-two euthyroid male patients with high serum cholesterol levels, various arteriosclerotic disorders, or both were studied. No changes were made in any patient's program other than addition of the drug. The biological half-life of C<sub>14</sub>-labeled cholesterol and tripalmitin in serum was determined for each patient for 30 days before and after the administration of 8 mg. of D-T<sub>4</sub>daily. Respiratory quotient, oxygen uptake,
Abstract 1661: Effect of thalidomide and liposomal doxorubicin on human osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Yu-Jen Chen, Yu-Yawn Chen, Hui-Fen Liao, Chih-Wen Chi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Thalidomide has been reported capable of inhibiting angiogenesis and growth of multiple myeloma. Liposomal doxorubicin is known to be mainly absorbed and degraded in reticuloendothelial system, especially the monocyte-macrophage lineage. Since osteoclasts (OCs) are derived from precursors of monocyte-macrophage lineage, we aimed to examine the effect of thalidomide, liposomal doxorubicin and their combination on human osteoclastogenesis. Materials and Methods: We isolated CD14+ cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects and generated OCs under stimulation with macrophage-colony forming factor and receptor activator of NK-κB ligand. Cell viability, surface CD51/61 expression, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity were assessed by using MTT, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results: In comparison with control differentiated OCs, combination of thalidomide (purchased from TTY Biopharm, Taiwan) and liposomal doxorubicin (purchased from TTY Biopharm, Taiwan) profoundly inhibited the amount of harvested viable OCs. By treatment with each drug alone, thalidomide increased and liposomal doxorubicin decreased the amount of viable OCs. The expression of osteoclast-specific surface antigen CD51/61 was greatly inhibited by each drug and their combination. Furthermore, the amount of multinucleated TRAP-positive cells characteristics of OCs, was suppressed by each drug and, the mostly, their combination. Elucidation of cellular and molecular mechanisms of action has been undergoing. Conclusion: Thalidomide, liposomal doxorubicin and their combination may effectively inhibit human osteoclastogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1661.
Genomics Education for Health Care Professionals in the 21st Century
Authors: W. Gregory Feero, Eric D. Green
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What are randomised consent designs?
Authors: Philip Sedgwick, Carwyn Hooper
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Researchers investigated whether an off-site transitional care facility provided a safe alternative to usual care for elderly patients in acute hospital beds awaiting transfer to a residential long term care bed.1 When elderly patients are admitted to hospital, they often need time to recover. Therefore, if the transitional care facility provided a safe alternative, hospital bed space could be freed. A randomised controlled trial study design that incorporated a randomised consent design was used. The intervention was transfer from an acute hospital bed to a transitional care facility to await a long term care bed, with patients receiving a single assessment from a specialist elderly care team and appropriate ongoing treatment. The control treatment was for the patient to remain in hospital with usual care provided.

Eligible patients were invited to participate in a four month follow-up study that involved routine observation of their healthcare. In total, 320 patients (mean age 83 years) agreed to participate. After recruitment, participants were randomised without their consent to treatment groups in a 2:1 ratio (212 to the intervention, 108 to the control). Once randomised, patients allocated to the intervention group were approached again for consent to transfer to the transitional care facility to await long term care. A total of 44 (20.8%) patients declined the intervention and received usual care instead. Those allocated to receive usual care were not approached again.

The main outcome measures included length of stay in hospital, rates of readmission, and death. Analysis was by the principle of intention to treat. It was reported that the intervention group spent less time than the control group in hospital (median 32.5 v 43.5 days, 95% confidence interval for difference 6 to 16). The intervention group took longer than the control group to be admitted to permanent care (median difference 21 …
Interactions between Apolipoprotein E and Apolipoprotein(a) in Patients with Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Vincent Mooser, Nicole Helbecque, Judit Miklossy, Santica M. Marcovina, Pascal Nicod, Philippe Amouyel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Background: Apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the distinctive, highly polymorphic glycoprotein of lipoprotein(a), shares a series of common features with apolipoprotein E (apoE), which is implicated in the development of Alzheimer disease. Objective: To determine whether apo(a) is associated with Alzheimer disease. Design: Case-control study. Setting: University hospitals in Europe. Participants: 285 patients with Alzheimer disease and 296 controls. Measurements: Plasma lipoprotein(a) levels, size of the apo(a) isoforms, and apoE and apo(a) genotyping. Results: Among carriers of the apoE ε4 allele, lipoprotein(a) was associated with a progressive, age-dependent increased risk for late-onset Alzheimer disease (odds ratio for patients >80 years of age, 6.0 [95% CI, 1.2 to 30.8]; P < 0.01). Among noncarriers older than 80 years of age, lipoprotein(a) was associated with a reduced risk for Alzheimer disease (odds ratio, 0.4 [CI, 0.2 to 0.9]; P < 0.05). Conclusions: In this convenience sample, lipoprotein(a) was an additional risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease in carriers of the apoE ε4 allele. However, lipoprotein(a) may protect against late-onset Alzheimer disease in noncarriers.
A Practical and Effective Primary Care Intervention for Treating Adolescent Depression
Authors: Gloria M. Reeves, Mark A. Riddle
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Literature and Medicine
Authors: Thomas Szasz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Echocardiographic Manifestation of Right Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm
Authors: DONALD A. ROTHBAUM, JAMES C. DILLON, SONIA CHANG, HARVEY FEIGENBAUM
Journal: Circulation (1974)

This case report describes the distinctive echocardiographic pattern in a patient with a congenital right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. The echocardiogram demonstrated an abnormal structure extending from the aortic root into the left ventricular chamber adjacent to the interventricular septum. The structure showed diastolic motion away from the septum and systolic motion toward the septum. This movement was consistent with cineangiographic filling of the aneurysm during diastole and emptying during systole. After operative closure of the aneurysm, the echocardiogram showed dense thickening along the aortic root and contiguous interventricular septum, probably representing thrombosis and fibrosis within the obliterated aneurysmal sac; but no abnormal movement of the structure was present.
Reshaping the Bet v 1 fold modulates TH polarization
Authors: Michael Wallner, Michael Hauser, Martin Himly, Nadja Zaborsky, Sonja Mutschlechner, Andrea Harrer, Claudia Asam, Ulrike Pichler, Ronald van Ree, Peter Briza, Josef Thalhamer, Barbara Bohle, Gernot Achatz, Fatima Ferreira
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
HIV and Heroin Interactions
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P2-222: Can the patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LANSCLC) tolerate 60mg/m2 docetaxel on day 1 and 30mg/m2 Cisplatin on day 1 and 2 for 2 cycles during concurrent radiotherapy (CCRT) after 2-3 cycles of induction chemotherapy?
Authors: Rong Yu, Guangying Zhu, Anhui Shi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Active-Duty Marines
Authors: Kate A. Yurgil, Donald A. Barkauskas, Jennifer J. Vasterling, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Gerald E. Larson, Nicholas J. Schork, Brett T. Litz, William P. Nash, Dewleen G. Baker
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Whether traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been difficult to determine because of the prevalence of comorbid conditions, overlapping symptoms, and cross-sectional samples.To examine the extent to which self-reported predeployment and deployment-related TBI confers increased risk of PTSD when accounting for combat intensity and predeployment mental health symptoms.As part of the prospective, longitudinal Marine Resiliency Study (June 2008 to May 2012), structured clinical interviews and self-report assessments were administered approximately 1 month before a 7-month deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan and again 3 to 6 months after deployment. The study was conducted at training areas on a Marine Corps base in southern California or at Veterans Affairs San Diego Medical Center. Participants for the final analytic sample were 1648 active-duty Marine and Navy servicemen who completed predeployment and postdeployment assessments. Reasons for exclusions were nondeployment (n = 34), missing data (n = 181), and rank of noncommissioned and commissioned officers (n = 66).The primary outcome was the total score on the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) 3 months after deployment.At the predeployment assessment, 56.8% of the participants reported prior TBI; at postdeployment assessment, 19.8% reported sustaining TBI between predeployment and postdeployment assessments (ie, deployment-related TBI). Approximately 87.2% of deployment-related TBIs were mild; 250 of 287 participants (87.1%) who reported posttraumatic amnesia reported less than 24 hours of posttraumatic amnesia (37 reported ≥ 24 hours), and 111 of 117 of those who lost consciousness (94.9%) reported less than 30 minutes of unconsciousness. Predeployment CAPS score and combat intensity score raised predicted 3-month postdeployment CAPS scores by factors of 1.02 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.02-1.02) and 1.02 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.01-1.02) per unit increase, respectively. Deployment-related mild TBI raised predicted CAPS scores by a factor of 1.23 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.11-1.36), and moderate/severe TBI raised predicted scores by a factor of 1.71 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.37-2.12). Probability of PTSD was highest for participants with severe predeployment symptoms, high combat intensity, and deployment-related TBI. Traumatic brain injury doubled or nearly doubled the PTSD rates for participants with less severe predeployment PTSD symptoms.Even when accounting for predeployment symptoms, prior TBI, and combat intensity, TBI during the most recent deployment is the strongest predictor of postdeployment PTSD symptoms.
Bowel Infarction in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Jean-Marc Dueymes
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  Diamond et al 1 report that nonocclusive bowel infarction is a frequent cause of mortality (9%) in dialysis patients. We confirm this finding, having observed 15 similar complications in 13 patients in the last six years.  The physiopathologic mechanisms of nonocclusive bowel infarction remain unknown. Diamond et al suggest the possible role of volume contraction and of splanchnic vasoconstriction induced by drugs like digitalis, vasopressors, or β-blockers. Volume contraction resulting from excessive fluid loss could be demonstrated in ten of 15 episodes that we observed. However, in five cases, neither abnormal fluid loss nor splanchnic vasoconstriction was present.  The first patient was a 25-year-old woman, a dialysis patient for ten years. Diffuse abdominal pain appeared 24 hours after the end of a dialysis session. Cecal necrosis was found at surgery. One year later, similar abdominal pain progressively recurred. Surgery was performed again, disclosing diffuse involvement of the
Evaluation of a course for general practitioners on muscles and joints.
Authors: A K Ross, W A Lawton
Journal: BMJ (1984)

We attempted to evaluate a course on muscle and joint problems for general practitioners using a practice log diary and a factual test paper, which were completed both before and after the course by the doctors attending. A significant improvement was shown in the group score in the test paper taken after the course (p less than 0.001). Scores in the tests before and after had a negative correlation with age (p less than 0.001). In comparing the data in the second log diary with those in the first there was a significant reduction in the prescribing of drugs (p less than 0.001), use of heat treatment (p less than 0.001), and in "other" forms of treatment (p less than 0.01). No appreciable change in investigations or number of hospital referrals was shown. Those doctors who had low scores in the first factual test referred appreciably more patients to hospital and requested more x ray examinations (p less than 0.01).
Old Drugs, New Purpose — Bladder Cancer Turning a Corner
Authors: William U. Shipley, Anthony L. Zietman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

In comparison with prostate cancer (a prevalent, noisy, and newsworthy neighbor), bladder cancer is less widely discussed, is evaluated in far fewer randomized trials, and is less frequently the subject of articles in prominent medical journals. This is why the results from the British randomized Bladder Cancer 2001 (BC2001) trial, as reported by James et al.1 in this issue of the Journal, are indeed remarkable.The landmark study is potentially practice changing for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The investigators do not compare radical cystectomy with combined chemoradiotherapy; that trial has been attempted and sadly proved to be infeasible.2 However, . . .
CANCER OF THE BREAST IN JAPAN
Authors: Frederick L. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —My attention has been directed to a letter by Dr. B. M. Fried (The Journal, October 23, p. 1411) with reference to my view on the rarity of cancer of the breast in Japanese women. Permit me to recall to you a letter of mine (The Journal, Nov. 17, 1923, p. 1711) in which I gave official statistics for Japan for the period 1911-1921, showing conclusively that the recorded mortality from cancer of the breast in Japanese women was only about 2 per hundred thousand against nearly ten times that rate for our American population. In the census report on cancer for 1914, the American rate for cancer of the breast was given as 16.9, but it has since unquestionably increased and is probably not far from 20 per hundred thousand. I therefore fail to see any reason why my statement that cancer of the breast in
Patients' responses to barium x-ray studies.
Authors: D Haslam
Journal: BMJ (1978)

than an objectively demonstrable entity.Research has been rightly directed to demon- strating the variables which influence the relapse of acute schizophrenia with productive symptoms.What is also needed is an objective assessment of the variables which may influence the development or resolution of schizophrenic defect.Have changes in in- stitutional management changed the development of defect or merely where a schizophrenic lives ?Do long-term phenothiazines influence the postacute course or merely productive symptoms ?Is defect inevitably associated with an organic brain lesion ?
Abstract 5499: Temozolomide (TMZ) cytotoxicity in human melanoma cell lines is enhanced by concomitant treatment with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor vorinostat (SAHA) and PARP inhibitor MK-4827
Authors: Hussein Tawbi, John M. Kirkwood, Ying-Chih Lin, Shama C. Buch, Yan Lin, Lyubov Kublo, Jan H. Beumer, Merrill J. Egorin, Edward Chu, Pamela Hershberger
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: TMZ is a non-classical alkylating agent that induces DNA damage leading to cytotoxicity, with modest clinical activity in metastatic melanoma. DNA repair modulation with PARP inhibitors enhances TMZ cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo, and this strategy is being investigated in clinical trials. We hypothesized that HDAC inhibition with SAHA would lead to increased DNA damage and potentiate the effect of the PARP inhibitor MK-4827 on TMZ cytotoxicity. Methods: Human melanoma cell lines A375 and FEMX-1 were used. Cells were treated in the absence or presence of TMZ, SAHA, and MK-4827 at the indicated concentrations for 72 hr in 96-well plates. Cell viability was determined using MTS assays and normalized to vehicle-treated control cells. Drugs were used at the final concentrations indicated in Table 1. Results: MK-4827 at 10 nM increased the cytotoxicity of TMZ in FEMX-1 but not in A375 cells, however 100 and 200 nM MK-4827 moderately potentiated TMZ cytotoxicity in both cell lines. The combination of TMZ with 1 µM SAHA and 200 nM MK-4827 resulted in profound cytotoxicity at reduced doses of TMZ (0.2 mM in FEMX-1 and 1.0 mM in A375), much lower than TMZ alone or in combination with either SAHA or MK-4827. &amp;gt;80% cell kill was achieved in A375 and &amp;gt;95% in FEMX-1 near the IC50 concentration of TMZ and at clinically achievable concentrations. Conclusion: PARP inhibition offers a strategy to reverse melanoma TMZ resistance. The concomitant inhibition of HDAC with SAHA and of PARP with MK-4827 profoundly enhanced TMZ cytotoxicity at clinically achievable doses of all 3 agents. We are presently optimizing the dosing schedules of the 3 drugs in preclinical models and investigating the mechanism(s) underlying this potentiation. These findings support the investigation of the triple drug combination (TMZ+SAHA+MK-4827) for metastatic melanoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5499. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5499