tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Suppose There Were No Printers
Authors: Randall Walker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters20 February 2001Suppose There Were No PrintersRandall WalkerRandall WalkerMayo Medical School; Rochester, MN 55905 (Walker)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-4-200102200-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Davidoff (1) argues well that paper should not be abandoned altogether as a medium, especially as a storage medium. One would assume that at least one copy of Annalswill forever be archived on a durable analog storage medium such as ink and paper—for historical if not future clinical use. But it is a specious argument to deride the storage limitations of digital media to justify paper publication of Annals.Media transport information across time (storage) and space (distribution and access) and into human minds (presentation). Paper and digital media have varying advantages in each of these ...Reference1. Davidoff F. Suppose there were no printers [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:57-8. [PMID: 10877741] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mayo Medical School; Rochester, MN 55905 (Walker) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSuppose There Were No Printers Frank Davidoff Suppose There Were No Printers Frank Davidoff Metrics 20 February 2001Volume 134, Issue 4Page: 342-343KeywordsDisabilitiesForecasting ePublished: 20 February 2001 Issue Published: 20 February 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Hold that needle: Octreotide for acute variceal hemorrhage
Authors: William N. Katkov
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

To compare octreotide with injection sclerotherapy in the treatment of acute variceal hemorrhage, patients admitted with gastrointestinal bleeding and oesophageal varices confirmed by endoscopy were randomised to receive either emergency sclerotherapy with 3% sodium tetradecyl sulphate or octreotide (50 μg intravenous bolus plus 50 μg per hr intravenous infusion for 48 hr). At the end of the study period (48 hr), the octreotide group also had sclerotherapy to obliterate the varices. One hundred patients were recruited. Demographic features including the aetiology of portal hypertension and the Child-Pugh’s grading of the two groups were similar. Bleeding was initially controlled in 90% of patients by emergency sclerotherapy and in 84% by octreotide infusion (95% confidence interval 0-19.5, p = 0.55). There were no significant differences between the two groups in early (within 48 hr of randomisation) rebleeding (16% vs 14%), blood transfusion (3 units vs 3.51, hospital stay (5 days vs 6 days), or hospital mortality (27% vs 20%). No notable side-effects were associated with octreotide. We conclude that octreotide infusion and emergency sclerotherapy are equally effective in controlling variceal haemorrhage.
Correlation Between Sphincter of Oddi Manometry and Intraductal Ultrasound Morphology in Patients with Suspected Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction
Authors: T. Wehrmann, N. Stergiou, A. Riphaus, B. Lembcke
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) makes it possible to study sphincter of Oddi morphology during endoscopy. Two recent IDUS studies have described the sphincter of Oddi as a circumferential hypoechoic layer in the papilla, but there have as yet been few published data from patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi pathology.Twenty-one consecutive patients with suspected biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (seven men, 14 women; age 54 +/- 17 years) were enrolled in the study. Endoscopic sphincter of Oddi manometry was carried out using a 4-Fr electronic microtransducer device. After this, a wire-guided 6-Fr ultrasound catheter was placed in the common bile duct (CBD), and IDUS was carried out while the ultrasound catheter was being withdrawn from the CBD toward the duodenum.Sphincter of Oddi manometry and IDUS were carried out successfully in 18 of the 21 patients. Sphincter of Oddi manometry revealed sphincter of Oddi hypertension (baseline pressure > 35 mmHg) in eight patients. The mean sphincter of Oddi baseline pressure was 32 +/- 17 mmHg, and the mean phasic sphincter of Oddi pressure was 132 +/- 31 mmHg. During IDUS, a circumferential hypoechoic layer was clearly delineated in all patients. There was a significant correlation between the manometrically determined length of the sphincter of Oddi (8 +/- 2 mm) and the thickness of the hypoechoic layer (6 +/- 2 mm) as assessed by IDUS (r = 0.66, P < 0.001). However, no correlation was found between the baseline or phasic sphincter of Oddi pressures and the thickness of the hypoechoic layer. Accordingly, IDUS did not allow identification of patients with sphincter of Oddi hypertension. Mild pancreatitis was observed in one of the 18 patients (6 %).The circumferential hypoechoic layer of the papilla visualized by IDUS is the ultrasonographic correlate of the sphincter of Oddi. IDUS of the papilla is technically feasible and safe in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. IDUS may provide additional information at the sphincter of Oddi level, but cannot be used as a substitute for sphincter of Oddi manometry.
Association of Variants of the Interleukin-23 Receptor Gene With Susceptibility to Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Robert N. Baldassano, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Dimitri S. Monos, Cecilia E. Kim, Joseph T. Glessner, Tracy Casalunovo, Edward C. Frackelton, F. George Otieno, Stathis Kanterakis, Julie L. Shaner, Ryan M. Smith, Andrew W. Eckert, Luke J. Robinson, Chioma C. Onyiah, Debra J. Abrams, Rosetta M. Chiavacci, Robert Skraban, Marcella Devoto, Struan F.A. Grant, Hakon Hakonarson
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2007)
A Case of Iced-Tea Nephropathy
Authors: Fahd Syed, Alejandra Mena-Gutierrez, Umbar Ghaffar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A man with kidney failure of unknown cause had a kidney biopsy that revealed oxalate nephropathy. The patient's history revealed habitual daily intake of approximately 16 8-oz glasses of black iced tea (which contains 50 to 100 mg of oxalate per 100 ml), resulting in a very high oxalate intake.
Polo-Like Kinase 1: Target and Regulator of Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome–Dependent Proteolysis
Authors: Frank Eckerdt, Klaus Strebhardt
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a key regulator of progression through mitosis. Although Plk1 seems to be dispensable for entry into mitosis, its role in spindle formation and exit from mitosis is crucial. Recent evidence suggests that a major role of Plk1 in exit from mitosis is the regulation of inhibitors of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), such as the early mitotic inhibitor 1 (Emi1) and spindle checkpoint proteins. Thus, Plk1 and the APC/C control mitotic regulators by both phosphorylation and targeted ubiquitylation to ensure the fidelity of chromosome separation at the metaphase to anaphase transition. The mechanisms underlying the control of genomic stability by Plk1 are discussed in this review.
The Possible Role of Tobacco Cigarette Smoking in Hyponatremia of Long-term Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Alexander Blum
Journal: JAMA (1984)

HYPONATREMIA in psychiatric patients is found infrequently, but it may represent a medical emergency with an occasionally lethal outcome.<sup>1</sup>Once gastrointestinal tract sodium loss, adrenal gland insufficiency, renal disease, congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, or use of diuretics are ruled out as causes of true low serum sodium concentration, there is still a group of patients with episodes of hyponatremia for which the causality is elusive. Low levels of serum sodium in these cases are usually ascribed to psychotropic drug—induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and excessive fluid intake. An SIADH induced by postulated neuroendocrine mechanisms triggered through the emotional stress of psychosis has been described in the literature. Excessive fluid intake is frequently observed among hospitalized psychiatric patients. A study of 241 such patients identified 41 (17.5%) with polydipsia. Their estimated fluid intake ranged from 4 to 10 L/day, and 24-hour urine volumes from 2,120 to
Metronidazole in the Treatment of Alcoholism: A Negative Report
Authors: DONALD W. GOODWIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The present study was an attempt to confirm Taylor's observations that metronidazole reduces the desire of alcoholics to drink and produces disulfiram-like reactions to alcohol. Neither observation was confirmed. Of 12 "good prognosis" alcoholics receiving metronidazole as outpatients, eight resumed heavy drinking within six weeks. Two of the remaining four patients stopped the drug because of apparent side effects and the other two, although abstinent on the drug for four months, remained sober on placebo and were unable to distinguish drug from placebo. Disulfiram-like reactions, when reported, were equivocal and in one patient persisted on placebo.
Continuing Medical Education: Actually Learning Rather Than Simply Listening-Reply
Authors: Michael J. Scotti
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —The amount of information needed to maintain clinical currency exceeds the capacity of the lecture, and for many types of learning need, lectures are the wrong method of education. The advances in multimedia, telemedicine, and the Internet provide options for delivery of CME in the format and at the time the physician desires. More advances are certain to appear. As Dr Hotvedt knows from his participation with the ACCME, the discussions on the best ways to adapt or restructure organizations and processes to cope with these changes are ongoing and substantial.  The AMA recognizes activities as Category 1 for its PRA not by format (eg, lecture, CD-ROM), but by design. Material developed as an educational experience in accord with recognized standards by sponsors who have demonstrated their competency to do so is classified as Category 1. This encompasses hands-on training, self-assessment, or any type of enduring material as
Abstract 2328: Loss of 14-3-3zeta impairs oncogene-induced mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Authors: Sonali Joshi, Jun Yang, Qingfei Wang, Ping Li, Hai Wang, Brian Pickering, Yan Xiong, Jan Parker-Thornburg, Richard Behringer, Dihua Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The 14-3-3 family proteins are highly conserved in eukaryotes and can interact with signaling proteins by binding phosphorylated Ser/Thr motifs. Studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that 14-3-3zeta is overexpressed in greater than 40% of breast cancer patients and is a strong indicator of poor patient prognosis, however the role of 14-3-3zeta in an in vivo context, especially its role in cancer, remains to be examined. We generated a 14-3-3zeta knockout mouse model to characterize the role of 14-3-3zeta in breast cancer progression. Loss of 14-3-3zeta resulted in neonatal lethality in the C57Bl/6 genetic background due to respiratory failure. Outbreeding to CD-1 or backcrossing to FVB/N background rescued the neonatal lethality. Crossing 14-3-3zeta knockout mice with MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-neu transgenic mice revealed that loss of 14-3-3zeta prolonged tumor latency and reduced lung metastasis as compared to MMTV-PyMT and MMTV-neu mice. Mechanistically, loss of 14-3-3zeta suppressed tumor proliferation and angiogenesis and promoted apoptosis. Reverse phase protein array analysis suggested that loss of 14-3-3zeta suppressed the Akt and Erk pathway and upregulated the expression of the tumor suppressor p53. Our results demonstrate an important role for 14-3-3zeta in normal development and cancer. Additionally our 14-3-3zeta knockout mouse model will also enable future studies on the role of 14-3-3zeta in other physiological and pathological processes. Citation Format: Sonali Joshi, Jun Yang, Qingfei Wang, Ping Li, Hai Wang, Brian Pickering, Yan Xiong, Jan Parker-Thornburg, Richard Behringer, Dihua Yu. Loss of 14-3-3zeta impairs oncogene-induced mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2328. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2328
Stabilization of Expanded (CTG)•(CAG) Repeats by Antisense Oligonucleotides
Authors: Masayuki Nakamori, Geneviève Gourdon, Charles A Thornton
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by expansion of a CTG repeat in the gene DMPK. The expansion is highly unstable in somatic cells, a feature that may contribute to disease progression. The RNA expressed from the mutant allele exerts a toxic gain of function, due to the presence of an expanded CUG repeat (CUG(exp)). This RNA dominant mechanism is amenable to therapeutic intervention with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). For example, CAG-repeat ASOs that bind CUG(exp) RNA are beneficial in DM1 models by altering the protein interactions or metabolism of the toxic RNA. Because CUG(exp) RNA has been shown to aggravate instability of expanded CTG repeats, we studied whether CAG-repeat ASOs may also affect this aspect of DM1. In human cells the instability of (CTG)(800) was suppressed by addition of CAG-repeat ASOs to the culture media. In mice that carry a DMPK transgene the somatic instability of (CTG)(800) was suppressed by direct injection of CAG-repeat ASOs into muscle tissue. These results raise the possibility that early intervention with ASOs to reduce RNA or protein toxicity may have the additional benefit of stabilizing CTG:CAG repeats at subpathogenic lengths.
ALKALIS IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLUENZA
Authors: Thomas C. Ely
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It is universally agreed that in perverted metabolism by bacterial invasion, it is the acidosis that is fatal. When the system is saturated with alkalis, there is poor soil for bacterial growth. The baneful acids may be neutralized by harmless alkalis, and these seem to act almost specifically. I have uniformly employed, and always with good results, potassium citrate and sodium bicarbonate saturation by mouth, bowel and skin. For the past three weeks, in the present influenza epidemic, I have seen an average of 100 private patients daily. There have been all degrees of frequency and severity, and in some houses as many as six patients. As is well known in this epidemic, there has been a very high mortality in cases occurring in pregnant women. I have seen three instances of bronchopneumonia, or "lung patches," in pregnant women, two at term, with complete recovery. Incidentally, I
Flexible sigmoidoscopy in outpatients with suspected colonic disease.
Authors: C O Record, M G Bramble, A H Lishman, G I Sandle
Journal: BMJ (1981)

One hundred and fifteen patients attending a gastroenterology clinic were investigated by flexible sigmoidoscopy as outpatients. There were asked to fast before the examination and give a high-volume enema and sedated before the examination. A standard long colonoscope was used rather than the 60-cm sigmoidoscope, which limits the distance that can be examined and forces the operator to work very close to the patient. Preparation was considered good in 95 patients and 49 were examined as far as the hepatic flexure or beyond. Sixty-one patients were found to have lesions of the colon, 25 of them ulcerative colitis, 16 a poly, and nine carcinoma. Despite the fact that these patients were selected (some of them had already had ulcerative colitis diagnosed), flexible sigmoidoscopy proved to be a valuable initial outpatient investigation. The proximal colon was well visualised in 46 patients and a subsequent barium enema was considered unnecessary. There were no complications and the procedure seemed to be well tolerated.
I. The Future of Family Practice
Authors: Herman G. Weiskotten
Journal: JAMA (1961)

AT THE OUTSET may I emphasize that the vast improvements in the over-all medical care of the American public in recent years have resulted from a trend toward specialization on the part of the physicians of this country. Without such specialization the development of much new knowledge and its application in the prevention and treatment of disease could not have materialized. A host of specialized preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic procedures undreamed of 40 to 50 years ago have become commonplace. In the early period of the trend toward specialization there were few generally recognized programs for the training of specialists in the practice of medicine.  Practically all physicians on graduation from medical college, with or without a brief period of hospital training, entered upon the general practice of medicine—that is, became family physicians. As their practice developed, a number of these physicians developed a special interest in certain phases of
Outcome of breech delivery at term.
Authors: J. G. Thorpe-Beeston, P. J. Banfield, N. J. Saunders
Journal: BMJ (1992)

To compare neonatal mortality and morbidity in term infants presenting by the breech and delivered vaginally or by caesarean section.Population based comparison of outcomes. Data derived from the St Mary's maternity information system.North West Thames Regional Health Authority, 1988-90.3447 singleton fetuses presenting by the breech at term.Intrapartum and neonatal mortality, low Apgar scores, intubation at birth, and admission to special care baby units.After the exclusion of babies with congenital anomalies the incidence of intrapartum and neonatal death associated with vaginal birth was 8/961 (0.83%) compared with 1/2486 (0.03%) in babies born by caesarean section (relative risk 20, 95% confidence interval 2.5 to 163). The numbers of low Apgar scores and neonatal intubation were doubled in babies born vaginally or by emergency caesarean section compared with those delivered by elective operation.The good neonatal outcome associated with elective caesarean delivery of the term breech fetus may influence the decision of women and their obstetricians about mode of delivery.
Cyclophilin A and EMMPRIN (CD147) in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Peter Seizer, Meinrad Gawaz, Andreas E. May
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is an abundantly expressed intracellular protein. It exerts a variety of functions due to its peptidyl–prolyl cis–trans isomerase (PPIase) activity. When released into the extracellular space, CyPA binds to its extracellular receptor CD147 (EMMPRIN) and thereby initiates a cascade of inflammatory processes. Recent data indicate that both extra- and intracellular CyPA significantly contribute to cardiovascular inflammation, myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion injury, and myocardial remodelling processes. Thus, CyPA appears to represent a novel target to treat vascular and myocardial inflammation.
Color Duplex Sonography vs. Computed Tomography: Accuracy in the Preoperative Evaluation of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Martin Spahn, Francisco Jos&eacute; M. Portillo, Maurice Stephan Michel, Michael Siegsmund, Jochen Gaa, Peter Alken, Klaus-Peter J&uuml;nemann
Journal: European Urology (2001)
Arsenic Exposure and Cognitive Performance in Mexican Schoolchildren
Authors: Jorge L. Rosado, Dolores Ronquillo, Katarzyna Kordas, Olga Rojas, Javier Alatorre, Patricia Lopez, Gonzalo Garcia-Vargas, María del Carmen Caamaño, Mariano E. Cebrián, Rebecca J. Stoltzfus
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Previous studies have suggested an effect of high arsenic concentration on cognitive and neurobehavioral function in humans.
Elevated levels of interleukin 2 receptor in sera of patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis
Authors: A. KAPP, ANDREA PISKORSKI, E. SCHOPF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Elevated levels of serum interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R) represent an early measure of T cell activation. The concentration of IL2R was measured in the sera of patients with atopic dermatitis (n = 58) or psoriasis, without psoriatic arthritis, (n = 26), who had moderate to severe disease activity, and in non-atopic healthy controls (n = 37) by an ELISA technique. Serum IL2R levels were found to be significantly elevated in both disease groups compared with the controls. The increase in serum IL2R may be due to T cell activation in the dermis.
Addicting and Nonaddicting Drugs
Authors: Arnold L. Flick
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  The article Pentozacine—A New Nonaddicting Analgesic, by Sadove and Balagot in the Sept 13 issue ( 193 :887, 1965) yields another example of a pitfall regarding drugs which affect mood or relieve pain, as related to the phenomena of addiction.  Addiction is not only the withdrawal phenomena but the psychological craving for the same drug weeks and months after cessation and long after all withdrawal phenomena have subsided. The experience of confirmed smokers after discontinuance of cigarettes is a perfect example of the latter phenomenon.  Any agent capable of inducing a mood change or effective analgesia will be  to a greater or lesser degree to a certain number of persons. The more it affects mood and the more it relieves pain, the more  this agent will be. I am using addicting here in the sense not only of withdrawal phenomena but also of the psychological craving
Inheritance of Apolipoprotein C-II Deficiency with Hypertriglyceridemia and Pancreatitis
Authors: Diane Wilson Cox, W. Carl Breckenridge, J. Alick Little
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

A study of the relatives of a patient with apolipoprotein C-II deficiency showed that the defect is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The kindred studied originated from an isolated population in which considerable inbreeding has occurred for 140 years. Seven homozygotes had marked fasting chylomicronemia and triglyceridemia, and lacked detectable apolipoprotein C-II by several assay methods. Five homozygotes had experienced one to many attacks of pancreatitis from as early as six years of age. Obligate heterozygotes had apolipoprotein C-II concentrations about 30 to 50 per cent of normal values and had normal plasma triglyceride concentrations. This metabolic defect should be considered in patients with markedly elevated plasma triglycerides who have apparent lipoprotein lipase deficiency, and usually also have pancreatitis. (N Engl J Med 299: 1421–1424, 1978)