tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular and systemic responses to inhaled pollutants in rodents: effects of ozone and particulate matter.
Authors: W P Watkinson, M J Campen, J P Nolan, D L Costa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Striking similarities have been observed in a number of extrapulmonary responses of rodents to seemingly disparate ambient pollutants. These responses are often characterized by primary decreases in important indices of cardiac and thermoregulatory function, along with secondary decreases in associated parameters. For example, when rats are exposed to typical experimental concentrations of ozone (O(3), they demonstrate robust and consistent decreases in heart rate (HR) ranging from 50 to 100 beats per minute, whereas core temperature (T(co) often falls 1.5-2.5 degrees C. Other related indices, such as metabolism, minute ventilation, blood pressure, and cardiac output, appear to exhibit similar deficits. The magnitudes of the observed decreases may be modulated by changes in experimental conditions and appear to vary inversely with both ambient temperature and body mass. More recent studies in which both healthy and compromised rats were exposed to either particulate matter or its specific components yielded similar results. The agents studied included representative examples of ambient, combustion, and natural source particles, along with individual or combined exposures to their primary metallic constituents. In addition to the substantial decreases in HR and T(co), similar to those seen with the O(3)-exposed rats, these animals also displayed numerous adverse changes in electrocardiographic waveforms and cardiac rhythm, frequently resulting in fatal outcomes. Although there is only limited experimental evidence that addresses the underlying mechanisms of these responses, there is some indication that they may be related to stimulation of pulmonary irritant receptors and that they may be at least partially mediated via the parasympathetic nervous system.
1009-166 Pulse pressure as cardiovascular risk marker during losartan or atenolol based therapy in hypertensive patients with electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (the LIFE trial)
Authors: Eva Gerdts, Vasilios Papademetriou, Kristian Wachtell, Markku Nieminen, Hans Bjornstad, Stanley Franklin, Bjorn Dahlof, Richard B Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Anti-Immunoglobulin E (Omalizumab) Therapy in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: THOMAS B. CASALE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<INITIAL CLINICAL INVESTIG...DOSE-RANGING TRIALOMALIZUMAB IN BIRCH POLLE...READMINISTERING OMALIZUMA...CONCLUSIONReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Hemodynamic Changes during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Patients with Heart Disease
Authors: K. Iwase, H. Takenaka, A. Yagura, T. Ishizaka, T. Ohata, M. Takagaki, S. Oshima
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

Changes in the hemodynamics and urine output were investigated in 19 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, five of whom had heart disease with the New York Heart Association classification I (n = 1) and II (n = 4). Systemic blood pressure, central venous pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac output did not significantly change during the procedure including the establishment of pneumoperitoneum. Urine output 30-60 min after starting the pneumoperitoneum was significantly lower in the patients with heart disease compared to the values before and in the initial phase (0-30 min), and also to the values before and during the procedure in the control group. One patient suffered temporary cardiac decompensation following laparoscopic cholecystectomy which prolonged his hospital stay to seven days. The remaining four patients with heart disease could be discharged on the third or fourth day postoperatively. It is concluded that laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible in patients with heart disease but attention should be paid to the possibility of oliguria during prolonged pneumoperitoneum.
Acute epiglottitis and Chloraseptic.
Authors: S. L. Ho, K. Hollinrake
Journal: BMJ (1989)

distribution of consultant and other medical services throughout the country.Would it not be better to distribute the extra consultants and resources to those districts that have a disproportionately low level of consultant provision and yet can be seen to use their consultants efficiently?Kenneth Clarke stated on television that the "size of the GP list is probably the best indication of workload,."and the same could be said for consultants: catchment population per whole time equivalent consultant surgeon is probably the best indication of surgical workload.
NIH Researchers Get Retraining Assistance
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

A "REFRESHING" program has just started at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Sponsored by the Office of Research on Women's Health, the program has access to $1 million to enable scientists, who may have interrupted their careers for family or other reasons, to take any needed retraining to get back into active research (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:173). Until now there have been no ready means for scientists to fill gaps in their knowledge as a result of being away from research for varying periods. (For clinicians, in contrast, there have long existed opportunities such as the 8-week Physician Refresher Retraining Program offered at the Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.) <h3>Dozen to Be Funded</h3> More than 25 applications are being considered by the women's health office after initial review by the individual institutes, centers, and divisions of the National Institutes of Health. The office expects to fund about a dozen of
Famous Last Words
Authors: Colleen Christmas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

On Being a Doctor15 February 2011Famous Last WordsColleen Christmas, MDColleen Christmas, MDFrom Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-4-201102150-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail One of my very favorite patients died last night. I know that physicians are not supposed to have favorites, but everyone does. It's not all that dissimilar to being a parent. “I love you both equally, but for different reasons,” I often tell my 2 children. Mr. K. was a patient whom I truly enjoyed seeing every visit, and I will miss him tremendously.It was “time,” for sure. He was 87 years old. When I first met him 5 years ago, he came to the office to establish primary care, carrying a large bag of old medical records and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224.Corresponding Author: Colleen Christmas, MD, Johns Hopkins Geriatrics Center, 5505 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 2011Volume 154, Issue 4Page: 288KeywordsChildrenDeliriumGeriatricsHeart failurePalliative carePleural effusionProstate cancerSleepSpineSurgery ePublished: 15 February 2011 Issue Published: 15 February 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Occupational and environmental health hazards in the plastics industry.
Authors: R E Eckardt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

A brief description of the potential occupational health hazards encountered in the manufacture of plastics (polymers) is given. In general, these hazards are due to the monomers used to make the various plastics, to unreacted monomer contained within the finished products, and to the fillers, stabilizers, pigments, inhibitors, and initiators used in fabricating the finished products. They run the gamut from angiosarcomas of the liver due to vinyl chloride, to dermatitis and asthma-like reactions due to the initiators used with epoxy resins.
The Devil and Gilles de la Tourette
Authors: J.S. Burkle
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Excitement over the book and movie,<i>The Exorcist</i>, by William P. Blatty derives from the case actually of a boy, in the files at Georgetown University. The striking similarity to cases of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome suggests that diagnosis in the case studied in the book. In a typical example, a boy, from the age of 4 to 8 years, has the onset of tics, barking noises, and coprolalia. The tics are often bizarre flinging of the arms and body, associated with grimacing. Uncontrolled sounds such as grunts, hissing, and expiratory grunts are uttered with great frequency. The commonest description of these sounds are as loud barking noises. The coprolalia depends upon the background and cultural setting but includes common obscenities. In one case reported from Britain, there was repetitive use of "cocky-breasty."<sup>1</sup>Echolalia is also common. The etiology remains obscure. The few postmortems that
Pulsus alternans determined by biventricular simultaneous systolic time intervals.
Authors: Y Hada, C Wolfe, E Craige
Journal: Circulation (1982)

This investigation was performed to determine the presence of unilateral or bilateral pulsus alternans in the systemic and pulmonary circulations in heart failure and to estimate the prevalence of pulsus alternans in congestive cardiomyopathy. The subjects were 36 adult patients in heart failure due to a variety of cardiopulmonary diseases. We measured left- and right-sided systolic time intervals from simultaneous dual echocardiograms of both semilunar valves. The alternans was left-sided in seven patients, right-sided in one patient and bilateral in six patients. Pulsus alternans was induced by ventricular premature complexes (VPCs), except in one patient with bilateral and persistent alternans. For a VPC to precipitate alternans, the early beat itself must be associated with an abbreviated ejection time. Echophonocardiographic records of 100 patients with congestive cardiomyopathy were reviewed for evidence of pulsus alternans. We found persistent alternans in 10 patients and VPC-induced alternans in seven patients. We could not measure any difference in severity of disease in patients with pulsus alternans compared with those without.
Extracellular Proteins Needed for C. elegans Mechanosensation
Authors: Hongping Du, Guoqiang Gu, Chris M William, Martin Chalfie
Journal: Neuron (1996)

The mec-5 and mec-9 genes encode putative extracellular proteins that allow a set of six touch receptor neurons in C. elegans to respond to gentle touch. MEC-5 is a collagen made by the epidermal cells that surround the touch cells. Mutations causing touch insensitivity affect the Gly-X-Y repeats of this collagen. mec-9 produces two transcripts, the larger of which is expressed in the touch cells and two PVD neurons. This transcript encodes a protein with 5 Kunitz-type protease inhibitor domains, 6 EGF-like repeats (2 of the Ca(2+)-binding type), and a glutamic acid-rich region. Missense mutations causing touch insensitivity affect both the EGF-like and Kunitz domains. Since mec-9 loss of function mutations dominantly enhance the touch insensitive phenotype of several mec-5 mutations, MEC-5 and MEC-9 may interact. We propose that these proteins provide an extracellular attachment point for the mechanosensory channels of the touch cells.
Economic Sanctions and Embargoes
Authors: Michael Brumage
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Letters15 August 2000Economic Sanctions and EmbargoesMichael Brumage, MDMichael Brumage, MDPearl City, HI 96782 (Brumage)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-4-200008150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Physicians are compelled to relieve suffering. The Ethics and Human Rights Committee's recommendations (1) to ameliorate the public health effects of sanctions are a welcome first step toward helping vulnerable people in the affected countries.Although we should investigate and analyze the public health effects of sanctions and embargoes, we should never forget that the biggest threats to public health in the sanctioned nations are their leaders. In the Balkans, Slobodan Milosevic has unleashed wars over the past decade that dramatically affected the public health of nearly all the former Yugoslav republics, while spilling over the borders ...Reference1. Morin K, Miles SH. The health effects of economic sanctions and embargoes: the role of health professionals. Ethics and Human Rights Committee. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:158-61. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Pearl City, HI 96782 (Brumage) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Health Effects of Economic Sanctions and Embargoes: The Role of Health Professionals Karine Morin , Steven H. Miles , and Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Ken Freeland Economic Sanctions and Embargoes David P. Hickey Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Leila Richards Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Soheir A. Morsy Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Anthony F. Kirkpatrick Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Richard Garfield Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Natalia Ganson-Myshkin Economic Sanctions and Embargoes Michèle Barry Metrics Cited ByHumanitarian impacts of economic sanctions on Iran and Syria 15 August 2000Volume 133, Issue 4Page: 308KeywordsPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 August 2000 CopyrightCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The influence of glutathione on redox regulation by antioxidant proteins and apoptosis in macrophages exposed to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)
Authors: Stephanie Krifka, Karl-Anton Hiller, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Anahid Jewett, Gottfried Schmalz, Helmut Schweikl
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Linear IgA disease in adults
Authors: J.N. LEONARD, G.P. HAFFENDEN, N.P. RING, R.M.H. McMINN, A. SIDGWICK, J.F. MOWBRAY, D.J. UNSWORTH, E.J. HOLBOROW, W.K. BLENKINSOPP, A.F. SWAIN, LIONEL FRY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

A multi‐centre study is described in which thirty‐five adult patients with papillary IgA dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) were compared with forty‐two patients with linear IgA deposits, of whom thirty‐four had homogeneous‐linear (HL) and eight had granular‐linear (GL) IgA deposits. The three groups were similar with regard to age of onset, presence of circulating immune complexes and auto‐antibodies, incidence of spontaneous remission, histology of lesional skin and response to dapsone. There was a female predominance in the HL group in contrast to the male predominance in the other two. It was not possible to diagnose the HL group clinically. Some patients had a rash typical of DH whilst others resembled pemphigoid. In the majority, however, no specific diagnosis could be made with confidence. The GL group clinically resembled the DH group. The incidence of positive potassium iodide patch tests was greater in the DH group than in the other two. An associated enteropathy was found in 24% of patients in the HL group, 30% of patients in the GL group and 85 % of patients in the DH group. Fifty‐six percent of HL patients had HLA‐B8 compared with 50% in the GL group and 88% in the DH group.
Ureterocele: Considerations on 136 Cases
Authors: R. Rocha Brito, J. Albuquerque, H. Borges, R. Zulian
Journal: Endoscopy (1971)

The purpose of this work is to focus the advantages of the transurethral endoscopic resection (TUR) of ureteroceles, regardless of their size, in infants as well as in adults.
Feedback Mechanisms Promote Cooperativity for Small Molecule Inhibitors of Epidermal and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptors
Authors: Elizabeth Buck, Alexandra Eyzaguirre, Maryland Rosenfeld-Franklin, Stuart Thomson, Mark Mulvihill, Sharon Barr, Eric Brown, Mathew O'Connor, Yan Yao, Jonathan Pachter, Mark Miglarese, David Epstein, Kenneth K. Iwata, John D. Haley, Neil W. Gibson, Qun-Sheng Ji
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) can cooperate to regulate tumor growth and survival, and synergistic growth inhibition has been reported for combined blockade of EGFR and IGF-IR. However, in preclinical models, only a subset of tumors exhibit high sensitivity to this combination, highlighting the potential need for patient selection to optimize clinical efficacy. Herein, we have characterized the molecular basis for cooperative growth inhibition upon dual EGFR and IGF-IR blockade and provide biomarkers that seem to differentiate response. We find for epithelial, but not for mesenchymal-like, tumor cells that Akt is controlled cooperatively by EGFR and IGF-IR. This correlates with synergistic apoptosis and growth inhibition in vitro and growth regression in vivo upon combined blockade of both receptors. We identified two molecular aspects contributing to synergy: (a) inhibition of EGFR or IGF-IR individually promotes activation of the reciprocal receptor; (b) inhibition of EGFR-directed mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) shifts regulation of Akt from EGFR toward IGF-IR. Targeting the MAPK pathway through downstream MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) antagonism similarly promoted IGF-driven pAkt and synergism with IGF-IR inhibition. Mechanistically, we find that inhibition of the MAPK pathway circumvents a negative feedback loop imposed on the IGF-IR- insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) signaling complex, a molecular scenario that parallels the negative feedback loop between mTOR-p70S6K and IRS-1 that mediates rapamycin-directed IGF-IR signaling. Collectively, these data show that resistance to inhibition of MEK, mTOR, and EGFR is associated with enhanced IGF-IR-directed Akt signaling, where all affect feedback loops converging at the level of IRS-1.
Sustained virological response to interferon-α is associated with improved outcome in HCV-related cirrhosis: A retrospective study
Authors: Savino Bruno, Tommaso Stroffolini, Massimo Colombo, Simona Bollani, Luisa Benvegnù, Giuseppe Mazzella, Antonio Ascione, Teresa Santantonio, Felice Piccinino, Pietro Andreone, Alessandra Mangia, Giovanni B. Gaeta, Marcello Persico, Stefano Fagiuoli, Piero L. Almasio
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract The effect of achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) following interferon-α (IFNα) treatment on the clinical outcomes of patients with HCV-related cirrhosis is unknown. In an attempt to assess the risk of liver-related complications, HCC and liver-related mortality in patients with cirrhosis according to the response to IFNα treatment, a retrospective database was developed including all consecutive patients with HCV-related, histologically proven cirrhosis treated with IFNα monotherapy between January 1992 and December 1997. SVR was an undetectable serum HCV-RNA by PCR 24 weeks after IFNα discontinuation. HCC was assessed by ultrasound every 6 months. Independent predictors of all outcomes were assessed by Cox regression analysis. Of 920 patients, 124 (13.5%) were classified as achieving a SVR. During a mean follow-up of 96.1 months (range: 6-167) the incidence rates per 100 person-years of liver-related complications, HCC and liver-related death were 0, 0.66, and 0.19 among SVR and 1.88, 2.10, and 1.44 among non-SVR ( P &lt; 0.001 by log-rank test). Multivariate analyses found that non-SVR was associated with a higher risk of liver-related complications (hazard ratio, HR, not applicable), HCC (HR 2.59; 95% CI 1.13-5.97) and liver-related mortality (HR 6.97; 95% CI 1.71-28.42) as compared to SVR. Conclusion: Thus, in patients with HCV-related, histologically proven cirrhosis, achievement of a SVR after IFNα therapy was associated with a reduction of liver-related mortality lowering both the risk of complications and HCC development. Irrespective of SVR achievement, all patients should continue surveillance because the risk of occurrence of HCC was not entirely avoided. (Hepatology 2007;45:579–587.)
Letter: Chemoprophylaxis against tuberculosis.
Authors: E E Vella
Journal: BMJ (1974)

together with uterine contractions and signs of fetal irritability.Relief was achieved with a pethidine injection.The relationship of the heparin injection to the uterine contraction was noticed but we decided to continue the treatment.After the second dose of heparin six hours later the patient immediately had the same abdominal pain, which was again relieved by pethidine.At this point we became sure that the uterine contractions were due to the heparin injections.Heparin was stopped, no other anticoagulants were given, and the patient was treated conservatively.So far as we know no such reaction to heparin has been reported before.We thought of a small retroplacental haemorrhage due to heparin as a possible cause of pain, but the speed of the reaction and the relatively small dose of heparin and absence of complications afterwards made this un- likely.-Weare, etc.,
THE OUTCOMES OF TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE: A REPORT FROM THE STS/ACC TVT REGISTRY
Authors: Michael J. Mack, J. Matthew Brennan, Eric Peterson, Fred Edwards, E. Murat Tuzcu, John Carroll, Frederick Grover, David Shahian, Ralph Brindis, John Rumsfeld, Molly Mack, David Holmes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Symbolism in imagery and linguistics—perception and misperception
Authors: D J Sheridan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Lowering barriers is also motivating: an old BNF in a desk drawer will be used more often than a current version in the practice library 10 m away, or one in the health library 5 km away.Electronic libraries and the internet bring the world's literature to your desktop, but can take longer and yield fewer answers to clinical questions than paper sources.This is changing.A German study found that clinical use of online learning was about ten times that of print journals.
Oxidative damage to DNA: do we have a reliable biomarker?
Authors: A R Collins, M Dusinská, C M Gedik, R Stĕtina
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Oxidized bases in DNA can be measured directly by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 7,8-Dihydro-8-oxo-guanine (8-OHgua), as the most abundant oxidation product, is often regarded as an indicator of oxidative stress. Estimates of endogenous 8-OHgua levels in human lymphocyte DNA are between 2 and 8 for every 10(5) unaltered bases--a high frequency in view of the potential mutagenicity of this base alteration and of the presence of an effective base excision repair pathway in eukaryotic cells. An alternative approach to the measurement of oxidized bases makes use of repair endonucleases with appropriate lesion specificities--endonuclease III, for oxidized pyrimidines and formamidopyrimidine glycosylase for 8-OHgua. These enzymes introduce breaks at sites of damage in DNA. The comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis) can then be used to detect the DNA breaks. This modified comet assay, like other enzyme-linked DNA breakage assays, gives a value for endogenous oxidative base damage that is more than 10-fold lower than most estimated from HPLC. It is possible that HPLC-based estimates are artificially high because oxidation of guanine occurs during isolation, storage, or hydrolysis of DNA. Using a revised DNA isolation procedure designed to decrease in vitro oxidation, we have obtained results for 8-OHgua concentrations in human lymphocytes that are closure to the figures obtained by the comet assay. It is still an open question whether 8-OHgua, measured by HPLC or by the comet assay, is a valid marker for oxidative damage.