tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A new biodegradable pasty-type copolymer of l-lactic acid and δ-valerolactone with relatively low molecular weight for application in drug delivery systems
Authors: F HIRONOBU, Y MASARU, A MASAHARU, K MINORU, M TOORU, Y HISAKO, I KYOICHI, Y HIDETOSHI, K UMEKO, S KEIJI
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1989)
Gastric residual volume during enteral nutrition in ICU patients: the REGANE study
Authors: J. C. Montejo, E. Miñambres, L. Bordejé, A. Mesejo, J. Acosta, A. Heras, M. Ferré, F. Fernandez-Ortega, C. I. Vaquerizo, R. Manzanedo
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
The Anatomy of a Civil
Authors: Alexander J. Walt
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Major civil disturbances in our cities demand modification of our traditional concepts of hospital disaster planning. Provision must be made for a state of emergency which may extend over many days during which the environs of the hospital may be unsafe. Adequate security, both inside and outside the hospital, must be provided from the start. The main lessons learned during the recent Detroit riots are (1) the need to insure safe transportation for patients and personnel to and from the hospital, especially at night; (2) the importance of a flexible duty roster to conserve the energy of the teams in the emergency room and the operating rooms; (3) the logistic problems posed by the presence within the hospital of many prisoners; and (4) the value of close liaison between the police, military, and hospital authorities.
Effects of the size of lesions of the cardiac neural crest at various embryonic ages on incidence and type of cardiac defects.
Authors: W T Besson, M L Kirby, L H Van Mierop, J R Teabeaut
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Removal of premigratory neural crest over somites 1 through 3 in chick embryos has been shown previously to result in a significant incidence of persistent truncus arteriosus. In the present study, single somite-length pieces of premigratory neural crest were removed unilaterally at slightly different embryonic ages. These lesions resulted in a number of different heart defects. Two defects, ventricular septal defect and double outlet right ventricle, were significantly correlated with the location of neural crest removed. The stage at which the ablation was performed was important in determining the incidence but not the type of defects.
Leaving Concert Hall for Clinic, Therapists Now Test Music's 'Charms'
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

USING MUSIC as treatment for psychological or physical disorders is an idea that has existed in many forms, in many cultures, and for many centuries. But its application as a specific means of therapeutic intervention is a development largely of the mid 20th century. Essentially, music therapy is the building of a relationship between patient and specially trained therapist using music as the basis for communication. The therapist does not teach singing or playing an instrument; rather, the instrument and the voice are used to explore the world of sound and create a common musical language with the patient. Both therapist and patient take an active part in the therapy sessions through playing, singing, or listening. Music therapists work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, rehabilitation centers, special schools, and hospices. Their patients, or clients as they prefer to call them, include children and adults of all ages and
IOM Outlines Framework for Clinical Data Sharing, Solicits Input
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Principles and Practice of Trauma Care
Authors: Robert J. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In contrast to the truism that "Everyone talks about the weather but no one does anything about it," everyone talks about trauma and many write about it. However, few works exist in which the editor and contributors are widely experienced, knowledgeable, and able to write clearly about the subject. This book adds a somewhat different dimension to the body of knowledge about trauma and trauma care. The majority of the 25 contributors have the Bellevue Hospital-New York University connection, although several Texans and others also participate. Overall, the effect is one of competence in presentation based on years of doing and teaching trauma care. This book is not intended to be a complete or comprehensive treatise on the subject of trauma management, but rather is a collection of papers and scientific dissertations on both the more troublesome and controversial areas. These vary considerably in length, as well as in information
Genetic information and the unexamined life
Authors: J. Harris
Journal: BMJ (2001)

There is no right to genetic information nor to access to particular tests. Doctors may need persuading that particular tests are in patients' best interests, and usually such tests are for serious genetic conditions of which there is an established family history. Lack of resources may limit access, but even so called “over-the-counter” or postal tests require licences. In the United Kingdom, the provision of tests has to comply with various codes of practice and guidance, issued by …
Abstract 2470: Clinically used selective aldosterone blocker attenuates hepatocarcinogenesis via angiogenesis inhibition in rats
Authors: Ryuichi Noguchi, Hitoshi Yoshiji, Yasuhide Ikenaka, Kosuke Kaji, Yusaku Shirai, Hiroshi Fukui
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is now a major health problem. Since the high-risk group of either primary or secondary HCC development seems to be clearer than in the other types of tumors, it is likely that chemopreventive agents will be beneficial in improving the prognosis of HCC. In addition to assessment of tumor growth, recent studies have demonstrated that angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in the hepatocarcinogenesis process. Although several anti-angiogenic agents have already been employed in the clinical practice, most patients show adverse reactions with new drugs. An alternative approach may be to find a clinically available compound that also exhibits anti-angiogenic activity for which the safety of long-term administration has been proven. We previously reported that angiotensin-II (AT-II) was a prerequisite for hepatocarcinogenesis. Suppression of AT-II by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor attenuates hepatocarcinogenesis via-suppression of neovascularization in the clinical practice. Recent studies have also suggested possible involvement of aldosterone (Ald) in neovascularization. The aim of our current study was to elucidate the effect of the clinically used eplerenone, a selective Ald blocker (SAB), on the rat hepatocarcinogenesis especially in conjunction with angiogenesis. We employed the rat hepatocarcinogenesis model, induced by feeding the rats on a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined diet without any carcinogen (CDAA model). The effects of SAB on the development of liver enzyme (namely, the placental form of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P))-altered pre-neoplastic lesions and angiogenesis were examined. We also performed an in-vitro study to elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. Treatment with SAB markedly inhibited GST-P-positive lesions along with suppression of neovascularization. The hepatic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was also significantly attenuated. Our in-vitro study showed that Ald augmented both proliferation and tubule formation of the endothelial cells, and that SAB inhibited both activities in a dose-dependent manner via inhibition of phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. These results indicated that, as well as AT-II, Ald plays a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis, and that augmentation of angiogenesis is involved. Since SAB is already widely used in the clinical practice with proved safety, this drug may represent a potential new strategy for chemoprevention against HCC in the future. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2470.
Reform of undergraduate medical teaching in the United Kingdom: a triumph of evangelism over common sense
Authors: Gareth Williams, Alice Lau
Journal: BMJ (2004)

There is an urgent need to test whether the current reforms in training of doctors are the right answer to the shortcomings of traditional trainingThe past decade has seen concerted attempts to revolutionise undergraduate medical training in the United Kingdom.Advocates for change have claimed that traditional teaching is old fashioned and too detailed and produces doctors with poor interpersonal skills (box).Key reforms, endorsed by the UK General Medical Council (GMC), included the deliberate reduction of factual knowledge and the replacement of didactic teaching with problem based learning (PBL) directed by the students themselves. 1 About a third of UK medical schools have now embraced these principles.This strategy is entirely untested in UK medical students, and no evidence exists that it will produce better doctors.Here, we argue that the "new" ideology may actually damage medical training in this country and that educational reform is being driven by enthusiasm for change rather than by rational responses to the shortcomings of traditional curriculums.
Peritonitis During Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: JACK RUBIN, WALLACE A. ROGERS, HENRY M. TAYLOR, E. DALE EVERETT, BARBARA F. PROWANT, LEONOR V. FRUTO, KARL D. NOLPH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

We initiated a therapeutic program of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for patients with chronic renal failure. Our program resulted in many episodes of peritonitis arising from contamination due to the technical aspects of the procedure. Microbiologic evaluation showed that 73% of 97 episodes were culture positive, with gram-positive organisms causing most of the cases, especially early in dialysis. Gram-negative rods tended to occur later. Gram stains of dialysate effluent resulted in a disappointingly low yield of only 9% positivity. Cell counts were a dependable indicator of the presence of peritoneal inflammation and also of therapeutic success. Most patients responded well to intraperitoneal cephalothin, 125 mg/L for 10 to 14 d. The occurrence of peritonitis resulted in 0.93 years of hospitalization during the total of 15.45 patient-years on dialysis, which essentially negated the financial advantages of this method of treatment of chronic renal failure. For this to be a successful mode of therapy, advances in the prevention of peritonitis must be made.
A Case of White Asphyxia
Authors: S. Pillai
Journal: BMJ (1948)

dealing with an environmental process in which three factors, retained fermentable carbohydrates, acidogenic bacteria, and the enamel surface play the leading roles."It is true that certain writers, notably Prof. Gottlieb, believe that proteolysis is of major importance in the initiation of dental caries, but it is my experience that these men find few sympathizers among the research workers in the U.SA.Dr. Pincus's interesting and valuable contribution in your same issue throws further light on the role of proteolysis in the progressive increase of a cavity when once formed.As one interested in the prevention of dental disease, the question as to whether the primary breach in the enamel of the tooth is due to proteolytic or acid-forming organisms is of far more than academic interest.-Iam, etc.,
Pharmacologic Aspects of Synthetic Angiotonin
Authors: IRVINE H. PAGE, J. W. McCUBBIN, HANS SCHWARZ, F. MERLIN BUMPUS
Journal: Circulation Research (1957)

The synthetic octapeptide angiotonin evoked systolic and diastolic pressure responses in anesthetized and unanesthetized dogs identical with those due to a natural, largely decapeptide, angiotonin, and responses to both angiotonins were modified in the same manner by a variety of procedures. Infusion of synthetic angiotonin caused hypertension sustained for the durations of the infusions and tachyphylaxis was not observed. Induced tachyphylaxis to a crude renin preparation was accompanied by loss of response to both synthetic and natural angiotonin but not to norepinephrine.
Intratracheal Melanoma Metastases
Authors: Aditya Bardia, Ravi D Rao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 42-year-old woman with metastatic melanoma presented with a 1-month history of dyspnea and wheezing. The diagnosis of malignant melanoma had been made 6 years earlier on the basis of a biopsy of an enlarging mole on her left foot. The melanoma was 8.5 mm in depth, Clark level V, without involvement of the regional lymph nodes (stage II disease). One year before the current presentation, liver and bone metastases were diagnosed, and therapy with temozolomide was initiated, with a good response. Treatment with this agent was ongoing at the time of the current presentation. Pulmonary-function testing showed preserved total . . .
Negative Blood Pressure Readings
Authors: Bertha L. Paegel
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In your MYSTIC STATISTIC (<b>197:</b>264,1966), Dr. Schor describes a clinical trial of an antihypertensive drug. I was somewhat startled by the statement that "the average decrease in blood pressure in the drug group was 100%." I am sure there is a reasonable mysticism to this, but if the statement were taken literally it would imply either that all of the blood pressures in the drug group were reduced exactly to zero or that some of them were below zero. I am curious to know how a negative blood pressure reading looks on a sphygmomanometer.
Scottish body assesses drugs at a fraction of cost of NICE, its chairman says
Authors: C. Wright
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Scotland’s system for assessing new drugs is quicker, cheaper, and more efficient than its counterpart in England and produces broadly similar results, the chairman of the Scottish Medicines Consortium has said. 

Ken Paterson, a consultant physician for NHS Greater Glasgow, told delegates at a conference on rationing in the NHS, which was organised by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, that the consortium assesses all new drugs within 18 weeks of submission. He added that the organisation costs less than £1m (€1.2m; $1.6m) a year to operate, that it assesses and produces advice on 100% of all new drugs, and that its assessments match those of the National …
Acute Kidney Injury Is Associated With Increased Long-Term Mortality After Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Charles E. Hobson, Sinan Yavas, Mark S. Segal, Jesse D. Schold, Curtis G. Tribble, A. Joseph Layon, Azra Bihorac
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Long-term survival after acute kidney injury (AKI) is poorly studied. We report the relationship between long-term mortality and AKI with small changes in serum creatinine during hospitalization after various cardiothoracic surgery procedures. Methods and Results— This was a retrospective study of 2973 patients with no history of chronic kidney disease who were discharged from the hospital after cardiothoracic surgery between 1992 and 2002. AKI was defined by the RIFLE classification (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End stage), which requires at least a 50% increase in serum creatinine and stratifies patients into 3 grades of AKI: Risk, injury, and failure. Patient survival was determined through the National Social Security Death Index. Long-term survival was analyzed with a risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model. Survival was worse among patients with AKI and was proportional to its severity, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.23 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.42) for the least severe RIFLE risk class and 2.14 (95% CI 1.73 to 2.66) for the RIFLE failure class compared with patients without AKI. Survival was worse among all subgroups of cardiothoracic surgery with AKI except for valve surgery. Patients with complete renal recovery after AKI still had an increased adjusted hazard ratio for death of 1.28 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.48) compared with patients without AKI. Conclusions— The risk of death associated with AKI after cardiothoracic surgery remains high for 10 years regardless of other risk factors, even for those patients with complete renal recovery. Improved renal protection and closer postdischarge follow-up of renal function may be warranted.
Dual-Binding Antibody
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of recurrent malignant pleural effusion by iodized talc pleurodesis
Authors: G. R. Jones
Journal: Thorax (1969)

Artesunate is a derivative of artemisinin isolated from a Chinese herb <i>Artemisia annua L</i>. It is used clinically for the treatment of malaria. There are recent evidences supporting an immune-regulatory role by artesunate. We investigated potential anti-inflammatory actions of artesunate in a mouse asthma model. BALB/c mice sensitized and challenged with OVA developed airway eosinophilia and mucus hypersecretion, and elevations in serum IgE level and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cytokine level. Artesunate significantly inhibited OVA-induced increases in BAL fluid eosinophil count, and IL-5 and IL-13 levels. It also reduced the serum level of OVA-specific IgE. Histologic analysis reveals that artesunate suppressed OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and airway mucus production. Besides, artesunate markedly attenuated OVA-induced mRNA expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, Muc5ac and chitinases. Furthermore, artesunate inhibited TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and its downstream Akt and p70 S6 kinase, as well as nuclear factor (NF)-κ B DNA binding activity in normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects of artesunate in a mouse asthma model, and it may act by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. (This work was supported by a BioMedical Research Council grant BMRC06/1/21/19/443)
Cryoinsufflation for Hurley Stage II Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Calogero Pagliarello, Giuseppe Fabrizi, Claudio Feliciani, Sergio Di Nuzzo
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Report of a Case A woman in her 30s presented with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), Hurley stage II. She was treated with oral contraceptives (drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol), spironolactone (50 mg/d), topical clindamycin, andmonthly intralesional corticosteroids (triamcinolone acetonide, 10 mg/mL). Previously, she had received rifampicin (600 mg/d), first with minocycline (100 mg/d), then with clindamycin (300 mg/d), and finally with moxifloxacin (400mg/d). After these treatments failed, she received isotretinoin (0.5 mg/kg/d) for 2 more years to achieve remission, but without success. Because shehaddecided tobecomepregnant, shewas searching for an alternative treatment, devoid of teratogenic effects, to safely replace oral contraceptives. Effective therapy was paramount because theHS seriously interferedwith sexual intercourse and indirectly with her planned pregnancy. Surgical treatmentwas offered (local incision anddrainage, deroofing, limited local orwide excision), which she declined.
Prognostic Value of Dobutamine Stress Myocardial Contrast Perfusion Echocardiography
Authors: Jeane M. Tsutsui, Abdou Elhendy, James R. Anderson, Feng Xie, Anna C. McGrain, Thomas R. Porter
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Myocardial perfusion (MP) imaging with real-time contrast echocardiography (RTCE) improves the sensitivity of dobutamine stress echocardiography for detecting coronary artery disease. Its prognostic value is unknown. We sought to determine the value of MP and wall motion (WM) analysis during dobutamine stress echocardiography in predicting the outcome of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Methods and Results— We retrospectively studied 788 patients with RTCE during dobutamine stress echocardiography using intravenous commercially available contrast agents. The incremental prognostic value of MP imaging over clinical risk factors and other echocardiographic data was examined through the use of a log-likelihood test (Cox model). During a median follow-up of 20 months, 75 events (9.6%) occurred (58 deaths, 17 nonfatal myocardial infarctions). Abnormal MP had significant incremental value over clinical factors, resting ejection fraction, and WM responses in predicting events ( P &lt;0.001). By multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of death and nonfatal myocardial infarction were resting left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;50% (relative risk [RR], 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.2; P =0.01), hypercholesterolemia (RR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3 to 0.9; P =0.01), and abnormal MP (RR, 5.2; 95% CI, 3.0 to 9.0; P &lt;0.0001). The 3-year event free survival was 95% for patients with normal WM and MP, 82% for normal WM and abnormal MP, and 68% for abnormal WM and MP. Conclusion— MP imaging during dobutamine stress RTCE provides incremental prognostic information in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Patients with normal MP have a better outcome than patients with normal WM.