tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The push me, pull you of financial incentives and health inequalities: a mixed methods study investigating smoking cessation in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Authors: Pat Hoddinott, Heather Morgan, Gillian Thomson, Nicola Crossland, Shelley Farrar, Deokhee Yi, Jenni Hislop, Victoria Hall Moran, Graeme MacLennan, Stephan U Dombrowski, Kieran Rothnie, Fiona Stewart, Linda Bauld, Anne Ludbrook, Fiona Dykes, Falko F Sniehotta, David Tappin, Marion K Campbell
Journal: The Lancet (2014)
Concern about metal on metal hip prostheses: reflections from the work of Sir John Charnley
Authors: T. Tull, P. J. Venables, S. M. Abraham
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The recent recall of a metal on metal (MoM) hip prosthesis by Depuy Orthopaedics has caused concern about the long term viability of this type of joint replacement. The ASR XL Acetabular Hip System and DePuy ASR Hip Resurfacing System were withdrawn from the market in 2010 because of high failure rates1 caused by inflammatory soft tissue reactions to metallic wear debris. Such wear debris causes cell necrosis in tissues surrounding the joint, which is not seen in other types of prosthesis, and results in early failure of the prosthesis. Of further concern are the raised levels …
Genome and chromosome mutations in porphyria cutanea tarda
Authors: L. LUKANOV, M. TSONEVA, M. KRACHUNOVA, E. IVANOV, D. ADJAROV
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Spontaneous genome mutations in ten patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) amounted to 1.02% as compared to 0.36% in the control group of healthy individuals (P less than 0.01). Spontaneous structural chromosome aberrations in patients were seen in 2.39% of the examined cells versus 0.70% in the cells of controls (P less than 0.01). The increased percentage of cells with spontaneous genome and chromosome mutations in patients with PCT cannot be associated with alcohol only.
Cells That Resorb Bone
Authors: Peter Felix Coccia
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Skeletal remodeling is an ongoing process of synthesis of bone matrix coupled with bone resorption, which is regulated by a variety of hormones and other factors. Bone formation and its regulation have recently been reviewed in the Journal.1 Bone resorption, which is necessary not only for skeletal growth and remodeling but also for the regulation of serum calcium and phosphate concentrations, is stimulated by parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), prostaglandin E2, and the lymphokine osteoclast-activating factor. It is inhibited by calcitonin and by diphosphonate compounds and mithramycin. Excessive bone resorption occurs in a variety of systemic . . .
Hyperglycemia Associated with Paroxetine
Authors: Kevin J. Petty
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 November 1996Hyperglycemia Associated with ParoxetineKevin J. Petty, MD, PhDKevin J. Petty, MD, PhDUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX 75235-8857.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-9-199611010-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine) are widely prescribed for the treatment of depression [1]. These drugs are generally well tolerated and have not been implicated in the development of endocrinopathies. I describe a patient in whom severe hyperglycemia was closely associated with the use of paroxetine.The patient was an obese 24-year-old woman with panhypopituitarism who was receiving stable hormone replacement therapy with hydrocortisone, thyroxine, desmopressin, and estrogen. Depression was diagnosed, and her psychiatrist prescribed paroxetine, 10 mg daily. Within 1 week, she developed polyuria and polydipsia despite a stable dose of desmopression. ...References1. Finley PR. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: pharmacologic profiles and potential therapeutic distinctions. Ann Pharmacother. 1994; 28:1359-69. Google Scholar2. Boyer WF, Blumhardt CL. The safety profile of paroxetine. J Clin Psychiatry. 1992; 53:61-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Kevin J. Petty, MD, PhDAffiliations: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX 75235-8857. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVilazodone-Associated Hyperglycemia in a Patient With DiabetesCo-medication of pravastatin and paroxetine-a categorical studyA Case Report on Escitalopram-Induced Hyperglycaemia in a Diabetic PatientDetecting Drug Interactions From Adverse-Event Reports: Interaction Between Paroxetine and Pravastatin Increases Blood Glucose LevelsGlucose dysregulation associated with antidepressant agents: an analysis of 17 published case reportsImpaired Glucose Homeostasis After Imipramine Intake in a Diabetic PatientMonoaminergic‐based Pharmacotherapy for DepressionParoxetine 61869-08-7Abnormalities in glucose regulation associated with mental illness and treatmentGlucose Intolerance with Atypical AntipsychoticsParoxetine 1 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 9Page: 782KeywordsBloodDiabetes mellitusDrugsGlucoseHemoglobinHormone replacement therapyHyperglycemiaPanhypopituitarismSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsThyroxine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Laboratory Aids in Diagnosis of Steatorrhea
Authors: Martin H. Kalser
Journal: JAMA (1964)

DURING THE PAST TEN YEARS, many new tests have been devised to aid the clinician in the diagnosis of defects of assimilation associated with gastrointestinal diseases. It is important in evaluating these new procedures to remember several basic principles. First, the physiological basis of the tests should be understood. Secondly, it must be remembered that, despite the basic theoretical soundness of the procedure, extensive clinical trial in several different institutions is necessary before an objective and complete evaluation of a new test can be obtained. Until the new test is thus evaluated, it must be regarded as an experimental procedure rather than a diagnostic test. Tests of malassimilation can be divided into two categories on a physiological basis. The first are those that measure the ability of the intestinal mucosa to transport a given substance—various sugar tests such as the glucose tolerance test and the d-xylose test, the amino acid
Embryo cell research should continue, committee says
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A parliamentary committee set up to review the rules governing stem cell research has this week concluded that researchers should continue to have access to human embryos for the foreseeable future.

The report by the House of Lords Select Committee on Stem Cell Research suggested, however, that the government conduct a further review towards the end of the decade to consider whether stem cell research was still necessary.

The committee recommended that research on adult stem cells should be strongly encouraged by the government, but did not accept the argument of …
Donor and recipient predicted lung volume and lung size after heart-lung transplantation.
Authors: M Tamm, T W Higenbottam, C M Dennis, L D Sharples, J Wallwork
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Lung volumes after heart-lung transplantation (HLT) were recorded and compared with measurements at the time of assessment for surgery and the predicted values for recipients. The influence of donor lung size and recipients' underlying lung disease was evaluated. All patients underwent HLT between April 1984 and April 1991, and only those 82 who survived for at least 6 mo were studied. Mean total lung capacity (TLC) at preoperative assessment was 112% (SD = 28%) of the value predicted for recipients. One month after HLT, mean TLC was 83% (SD = 15%) of the predicted value but increased to 100% (SD = 15%) after 9 mo. No further change in average TLC occurred for 5 yr subsequently. The mean TLC of patients with emphysema before surgery was 164% (SD = 26%) of the predicted value and fell to the predicted value within 1 mo of HLT. The TLC in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension before surgery was close to the predicted value, but postoperative predicted TLC was achieved later than in emphysema patients. A donor-versus-recipient difference in TLC of more than 1L at the time of assessment did not influence the adaptation to the predicted value. FEV1 and vital capacity (VC) rose from means of 70% (SD = 25%) and 63% (SD = 20%) at 1 mo to 96% (SD = 27%) and 91% (SD = 18%), respectively, at 9 mo after HLT. After HLT, TLC returns to the predicted value for the recipient, and not to the preoperative TLC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Relation of Student Learning to Physician Performance
Authors: Betty H. Mawardi
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Student learning for what? Usually we are thinking about student learning of facts related to scientific competence, but there is the equally important learning of attitudes and, through the complex process of identification, the development of a professional identity dedicated to applying acquired knowledge and skills to the care of the patient. At Western Reserve University, we are conducting a career study among our graduates because we are interested in looking, in the maximum depth possible in a survey, at many aspects of the physician's professional life and performance. And, indeed, we do intend to relate it to the learning experiences he had in medical school. One of the basic purposes of the study is to establish a baseline of what medical careers are like for the graduate educated under the more traditional program Western Reserve had formerly and to compare this baseline with the performance in careers of alumni
The Cost-effectiveness of Misoprostol
Authors: Sanford H. Roth
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor. —  In the July 4,1990, issue of JAMA , Edelson et al 1 presented a mc del regarding the cost-effectiveness of misoprostol (Cytotec) as either primary or secondary prophylaxis against NSAID-induced gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Their model, however, may no properly reflect present clinical and pu blic health concerns.  For example, by limiting the construct to bleeding and death alone and the direct medical costs associated with those se outcomes, the authors ignore nonbleeding active ulcers, which play a large role in NSAID-induced clinical problems. 2 Such nonbleeding ulcers cause lost work time and earnings, direct and indirect medical costs, and suffering, from both the ulcer episode and th( inability to use NSAIDs to relieve pain and improve functioning. 4 Hence, the model would be strengthened by examining cost per ulcer avoided rather than cost per YOLS, which has an inherent bias against middle-aged and older adults.  If, as
Effect of birthplace on infants with low birth weight.
Authors: D Beverley, K Foote, D Howel, P Congdon
Journal: BMJ (1986)

From December 1983 to June 1985, 162 infants of less than 32 weeks' gestation or weighing less than 1,500 g, or both, were cared for at the regional neonatal intensive care unit in Leeds. Of the 162, 64 (40%) were born in the unit because their mothers had received antenatal care there, 58 (36%) were born in another hospital and subsequently transferred, and 40 (25%) were transferred in utero because of potential complications. The overall mortalities for each group were 14%, 38%, and 18% respectively. These differences were significant, but when they were corrected for gestation, birth weight, and mode of delivery there was no difference in either the mortality or the incidence of intraventricular haemorrhage in the three study populations. Although there seem to be no distinct advantages of in utero transfer in terms of mortality and morbidity, there are other psychological and emotional advantages.
“TIME IS LIFE”: EARLY MORTALITY IN TYPE A ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE IRAD REGISTRY
Authors: Craig Strauss, Kevin Harris, Stuart Hutchison, Marek P. Ehrlich, Santi Trimarchi, Truls Myrmel, Mark Peterson, Rossella Fattori, Reed Pyeritz, Alan Braverman, Amit Korach, Daniel Montgomery, Eric Isselbacher, Christoph Nienaber, Kim Eagle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The effect of blockade of the CD11/CD18 integrin receptor on infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with direct angioplasty: the results of the HALT-MI study
Authors: David P Faxon, Raymond J Gibbons, Nicolas A.F Chronos, Paul A Gurbel, Florence Sheehan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Health needs of women who have sex with women
Authors: Justin Varney
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Editor—The editorial by Hughes and Evans discussed the health needs of women who have sex with women.1 NHS services are predominantly targeted using white, heterosexual imagery. How non-white, non-heterosexual people relate to these images and whether they would still access a service that used imagery irrelevant to their cultural references are debatable. Work is needed, with local initiatives and voluntary sector groups in partnership, to develop appropriate campaigns and culturally relevant material to encourage equitable access. ​access.




Figure 1



Relevant materials are needed to encourage equitable access for women who have sex with women

Credit: CANADIAN PRESS/AP




Services also need to address the issue of cultural competency both in directly employed and contracted services. Diversity and equality are high on the NHS human resources agenda but have been slow to infiltrate the medical hierarchy. Research has shown perceived disapproval acts as a barrier to accessing care.2 Targeted services for lesbian or bisexual women have illustrated the breadth of need for this group. A wider ranging agenda for diversity and equality and a strong move by both medical and nursing colleges and education would help instil confidence that, when seeing a health professional, sexuality will be recognised and not ignored or rejected.

Perceptions of prejudice are embossed during adolescence and childhood and the establishment of children's trusts and the dissolution of section 28 offer opportunities to establish a new status quo. Local strategic partnerships and the rise of health inequalities demand that this population of need is neither neglected nor ignored.

The United States has consultants of lesbian and gay public health. Perhaps in the United Kingdom we should look at developing a new subspecialty in public health for this new age of cultural awareness?
Reduced soluble CD14 levels in amniotic fluid and breast milk are associated with the subsequent development of atopy, eczema, or both
Authors: Catherine A. Jones, Judith A. Holloway, Eleanor J. Popplewell, Norma D. Diaper a, John W. Holloway, Gillian H.S. Vance, Jill A. Warner, John O. Warner
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
The molecular basis of antigenic cross-reactivity between the group 2 mite allergens
Authors: Alisa M. Smith, David C. Benjamin, Nadezda Hozic, Urszula Derewenda, Wendy-Anne Smith, Wayne R. Thomas, Guro Gafvelin, Marianne van Hage-Hamsten, Martin D. Chapman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2001)
MPs will be asked to allow nurses to carry out early abortions
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2008)

MPs will be asked to sanction a relaxation of the abortion law to allow specially trained nurses who work in abortion care to carry out early terminations.

The Liberal Democrat MP Evan Harris is tabling an amendment to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill to call for nurses with suitable training to perform early medical and surgical abortions.

Dr Harris said, “The statutory ban on anyone other than doctors carrying out abortions is out of date. Nursing has progressed a great deal since the Abortion Act of 1967.

“Nurses and midwives perform a range of complicated procedures, including …
Design of an Ultra Low Frequency Force Ballistocardiograph on the Principle of the Horizontal Pendulum
Authors: T. J. REEVES, W. B. JONES, L. L. HEFNER
Journal: Circulation (1957)

A low frequency ballistocardiographic system based on the principle of the horizontal pendulum is described. By increasing the coupling of the body to the bed and by the use of an extended frequency range accelerometer, ballistocardiograms having clearly defined high frequency components were recorded. The physical principles of such a system are briefly reviewed.
A multinational pharmacoeconomic analysis of oral therapies for onychomycosis
Authors: S.R. ARIKIAN, T.R. EINARSON, G. KOBELT-NGUYEN, F. SCHUBERT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Due to increased interest in economic evaluation and the rapid international spread of new healthcare technologies across borders, there is a need to interpret economic evaluations on a worldwide basis. We conducted a multinational cost‐effectiveness analysis, from a government payer perspective, comparing four primary oral treatment regimens for onychomycosis of the fingernails and toenails: griseofulvin, itraconazole, ketoconazole and terbinafine. We used a four‐step pharmacoeconomic research model which includes all relevant factors affecting costs in 13 countries: Austria, Belgium, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and the U.K. A worldwide meta‐analysis of published clinical data served as the statistical input for the pharmacoeconomic model, and demonstrated that terbinafine had the highest success rates (95.0% and 78.3%) of the clinical comparators for fingernails and toenails, respectively. We found that terbinafine was the most effective therapy in relation to cost (therefore giving it the lowest cost‐effectiveness ratio) for both infections in all health‐care systems analysed.
Treatment of Meningitis
Authors: Richard H. Meade
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE SYMPTOMS and signs of meningeal inflammation, which may result from either infectious or noninfectious processes (as listed in Table 1 ), are generally easily recognized. It is often difficult, however, to distinguish between specific varieties of meningeal infection even after careful clinical and laboratory evaluation. The difficulty is even greater if the infection has been inadequately treated in advance of proper diagnostic study. Antibiotics used in this fashion may alter the course of a meningeal infection without checking its eventual fatal termination.  In this review of the treatment of meningitis the important clinical features that aid in its diagnosis, the complications that may occur during treatment of the infection, and the specific therapies that have been used with the greatest success will be discussed.  General Clinical and Laboratory Features  Meningitis Due to Infection.—  The signs and symptoms of meningitis occur not only as a result of the meningeal inflammatory reaction, but also because of the local process from which invasion of the pia-arachnoid arises, the occasional focal or diffuse cerebral injury, and the systemic response to infection.
SI and Presently Conventional Units
Authors: George N. Giacoppe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1989SI and Presently Conventional UnitsGeorge N. Giacoppe Jr, MD, CPT, MCGeorge N. Giacoppe Jr, MD, CPT, MCSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-3-259_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Having grown up in the era of metric units, I am pleased to see that medical literature is finally adopting SI units (le Système internationale d'Unités). It is especially fitting now that research has clearly become more international, with workers from many countries often laboring on the same projects simultaneously.Problems always emerge with any attempt at modernization, however, including the chance that those unfamiliar with the new systems will be left behind. This particular problem surfaced for me after reading the article (1) on methy!prednisolone therapy in alcoholic hepatitis by Carithers and colleagues. The study design,...Reference1. CarithersHerlongDiehl RHA. Methylprednisolone therapy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized multicenter trail. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:685-90. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: USA Letterman Army Medical Center San Francisco, CA 94129-6700 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1989Volume 111, Issue 3Page: 259-259KeywordsAlcoholicsHepatitis Issue Published: 1 August 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract P1-14-03: New Breast Cancer Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RPA) Prognostic Index in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Brain Metastases
Authors: A Niwinska, M Murawska
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: To analyze survival of 441 patients with breast cancer and brain metastases including prognostic factors related to patient, cancer and type of treatment. To present a new Breast Cancer Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RPA) prognostic index for patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases as a guide in clinical decision making. Methods and Materials: A group of 411 patients with breast cancer and brain metastases treated in one institution between the years 2003-2009 was assessed. Factors significant for univariate analysis were included into recursive partitioning analysis (RPA). Results: Median survival from brain metastases in the entire group was 7 months. Three prognostic classes of new Breast Cancer RPA prognostic index were selected. Median survival of patients within prognostic class I, II and III was 29 months, 9 months and 2.4 months, respectively (P&amp;lt;0.0001). Class I included patients with 1 or 2 brain metastases, without extracranial metastases or with controlled extracranial metastases and with Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of 100. Class III included patients with multiple brain metastases with KPS of &amp;lt;=60. Class II included all other cases. Conclusions: Breast Cancer RPA prognostic index is a simple and valuable tool for usage in clinical practice. It can quickly select patients who required aggressive treatment (neurosurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, systemic therapy) and those in whom corticoids and best supportive care, often even without whole-brain radiotherapy, is the most reasonable option. Individual approach is required for patients from prognostic class II. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-14-03.
<i>C difficile</i> cases rising, but MRSA rates falling
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The number of cases of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections of the blood reported to the UK Health Protection Agency fell in January to March 2007, compared with the previous quarter, figures published on Tuesday have shown. But the figures for Clostridium difficile for patients aged more than 65 years were 22% higher than in the previous quarter, October to December 2006.

There were 1444 cases of MRSA infections of the blood reported in England in January to March, compared with 1542 in the previous quarter. For the entire year, April …