tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Potential Hazards of Hydantoin Use
Authors: J. DONALD EASTON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Editorial Notes1 December 1972Potential Hazards of Hydantoin UseJ. DONALD EASTON, M.D.J. DONALD EASTON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-6-998 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDiphenylhydantoin (phenytoin; Dilantin®) ranks with the barbiturates in being one of the most commonly used drugs in the management of seizure disorders. In fact, diphenylhydantoin has been recommended for the treatment of a vast array of neurological disorders and neuropsychiatric symptoms (1). One of the hydantoins, Nirvanol® (5-ethyl-5-phenylhydantoin), was used in the 1920s for the treatment of Sydenham's chorea, but they did not come into widespread clinical use until the late 1930s, when Merritt and Putnam introduced diphenylhydantoin as an anticonvulsant. Since that time a wide spectrum of side effects have been attributed to diphenylhydantoin; they range from rather benign...References1. BOGOCHDREYFUS SJ: The Broad Range of Use of Diphenylhydantoin. New York, The Dreyfus Medical Foundation, 1970 Google Scholar2. GAMSNEALCONRAD RJF: Hydantoin-induced pseudo-pseudolymphoma. Ann Intern Med 69:557-568, 1968 LinkGoogle Scholar3. MEADOW S: Anticonvulsant drugs and congenital abnormalities. Lancet 2:1296, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ELSHOVE J: Cleft palate in the offspring of female mice treated with phenytoin. Lancet 2:1074, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SORRELLFORBESBURNESS TIF: Depression of immunological function in patients treated with phenytoin sodium (sodium diphenylhydantoin). Lancet 2:1233-1235, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. GROBHEROLD PG: Immunological abnormalities and hydantoins. Br Med J 2:561-563, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Neurology University of California San Diego University Hospital San Diego, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByFetal Congenital Anomalies in Africa: Diagnostic and Management ChallengesIdentification and Profiling of Hydantoins—A Novel Class of Potent Antimycobacterial DprE1 InhibitorsDrugs and ToxinsGenetics of gastrointestinal atresiasHepatic injury due to drugs, herbal compounds, chemicals and toxinsAntiepileptic DrugsUniversal cutaneous depigmentation following phenytoin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysisThe protective effect of hydantoin treatment on carcinogenesis 1 December 1972Volume 77, Issue 6Page: 998-999KeywordsAnticonvulsantsDrugsEpilepsy Issue Published: 1 December 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Drainage of Pancreatic Pseudocysts or Pancreatic Abscesses Using a Therapeutic Echo Endoscope
Authors: M. Giovannini, C. Pesenti, A.-L. Rolland, V. Moutardier, J.-R. Delpero
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Study Aims: The purpose of this study is to evaluate a new drainage technique for pancreatic pseudocysts or pancreatic abscesses entirely guided by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and using an interventional echo endoscope with a linear curved array transducer.
Occupational IgE‐mediated allergy to <i>Tribolium confusum</i> (confused flour beetle)
Authors: K. Alanko, T. Tuomi, M. Vanhanen, M. Pajari‐Backas, L. Kanerva, K. Havu, K. Saarinen, D. P. Bruynzeel
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: We report on IgE‐mediated allergy in a worker caused by Tribolium confusum (confused flour beetle). These beetles lived in the “old” flour to which he was exposed in his work. Case report: A 35‐year‐old, nonatopic mechanic in a rye crispbread factory developed rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthmatic symptoms, as well as urticaria on his wrists, lower arms, hands, neck, and face, during the maintenance and repair of machines contaminated by flour. This flour had been in and on the machines for a long time, and it contained small beetles. The patient did not suffer any symptoms when handling fresh, clean flour. Results: Skin prick tests with standard environmental allergens, storage mites, enzymes, flours, and molds were negative. A prick test with flour from the machines gave a 10‐mm reaction. An open application of the same flour caused urticarial whealing on the exposed skin. Prick tests with fresh flour from the factory were negative. A prick test with minced T. confusum from the flour in the machines gave a 7‐mm reaction. Histamine hydrochloride 10 mg/ml gave a 7‐mm reaction. Specific serum IgE antibodies to T. confusum were elevated at 17.2 kU/l. Prick tests with the flour from the machines were negative in five control patients. Conclusions: The patient had occupational contact urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthmatic symptoms from exposure to flour. His symptoms were caused by immediate allergy to the beetle T. confusum . Immediate allergy to this beetle has rarely been reported in connection with respiratory symptoms, but it may be more common. Contact urticaria from this source has not been reported before.
AIDS: The Medical Mystery
Authors: David G. Ostrow
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This book is an ambitious attempt to synthesize the many pieces of the growing acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) puzzle into a coherent account. Aimed at both the medical and lay audiences the result is, as the disease itself, a mystery. Persons involved in AIDS research will find interesting tidbits not readily available elsewhere and lay readers will obtain an up-to-date overview of the disease. But sophisticated and unsophisticated readers alike are likely to be confused by the many contradictions contained in this book. Contradictions that result from the nature of the disease and our incomplete understanding of it are one thing. But the most serious contradictions in this book stem from the authors' attempt to be authoritative in areas that are as yet controversial and unsettled. Written by a self-described "central figure in the AIDS field" and his laboratory-supervisor spouse, this book is conveniently divided into eight chapters that
Targeting the MYC and PI3K Pathways Eliminates Leukemia-Initiating Cells in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Suzanne Schubbert, Anjelica Cardenas, Harrison Chen, Consuelo Garcia, Wei Guo, James Bradner, Hong Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Disease relapse remains the major clinical challenge in treating T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), particularly those with PTEN loss. We hypothesized that leukemia-initiating cells (LIC) are responsible for T-ALL development and treatment relapse. In this study, we used a genetically engineered mouse model of Pten(-/-) T-ALL with defined blast and LIC-enriched cell populations to demonstrate that LICs are responsible for therapeutic resistance. Unlike acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, LICs in T-ALL were actively cycling, were distinct biologically, and responded differently to targeted therapies in comparison with their differentiated blast cell progeny. Notably, we found that T-ALL LICs could be eliminated by cotargeting the deregulated pathways driven by PI3K and Myc, which are altered commonly in human T-ALL and are associated with LIC formation. Our findings define critical events that may be targeted to eliminate LICs in T-ALL as a new strategy to treat the most aggressive relapsed forms of this disease.
Retinoid chemoprevention trial begins against bladder cancer
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cytomegalovirus: pathogen, paradigm, and puzzle
Authors: Michael Boeckh, Adam P. Geballe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV), one of the eight herpesviruses that commonly infect humans, is best known for its propensity to cause disease in immunocompromised patients, especially transplant recipients, patients with advanced AIDS, and congenitally infected newborns. Advances in molecular virology coupled with improvements in diagnostic methods and treatment options have vastly improved our understanding of and ability to manage CMV, but many uncertainties remain, including the mechanisms of persistence and pathogenesis and its hypothesized roles in a variety of human illnesses. Here we review recent advances that are reshaping our view and approach to this fascinating virus.
Trichothiodystrophy: an ultrastructural study of the hair follicle
Authors: C.L. GUMMER, R.P.R. DAWBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

We have used detailed ultrastructural and electron histochemical techniques on both the hair shaft and anagen hair follicle to elucidate further the structural abnormalities in trichothiodystrophic hair. We have shown that protein deposition in the follicle is reduced and lacks orientation, and that the anagen follicles show an overall distortion. Both the hair cuticle and cortex high sulphur protein components are affected. The results of this study help to give a visual interpretation to detailed biochemical studies conducted by other workers thereby allowing specific localization of the site of the intrinsic keratin abnormality.
PMO-161 Hepatitis E (HEV) in South West England. Geographical, environmental and social factors: a case control study
Authors: J Hunter, R Madden, A Stone, N Osborne, B Wheeler, M Barlow, R Bendall, N Lin, W Henley, W Gaze, H Dalton
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> HEV is an emerging infection in developed countries, and is considered a porcine zoonosis. HEV has been found in pigs world wide and a number of water courses. In most cases the route of infection remains uncertain. A previous UK study showed that HEV was associated geographically to pig farms and coastal areas.<sup>1</sup> AIM: To study the geographical, environmental and social factors in HEV infection. <h3>Methods</h3> Cases of HEV and controls were identified from 2147 consecutive patients attending the Jaundice Hotline clinic, Cornwall (1999–2011). For each case and control the following were recorded: home postcode, distance from home to nearest pig farm, distance from home to coast, rainfall levels during the 8 weeks prior to presentation and socioeconomic status. A further 611 Cornish residents were tested for anti-HEV IgG to determine geographic differences in HEV seroprevalence. <h3>Results</h3> 40 cases of HEV were identified. Seven were excluded from study as they contracted HEV outside Cornwall. 132 age/sex match controls were identified. 20/33 HEV cases clustered in the west of Cornwall, indicating that the geographical distribution was not uniform (OR=2.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 6.5, p=0.023). The seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in 611 Cornish residents increased gradually with age, and after adjusting for age/sex, there was no difference in seroprevalence between west Cornwall and the remaining study area. There was no difference between cases and controls in distance from the nearest pig farm, socioeconomic status or rainfall during the 8 weeks preceding disease presentation. Cases were more likely to live within 2000 m from the coast (OR=2.78, 95% CI 1.20 to 6.67, p=0.02), and this association remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, urban/rural domicile, proximity to pig farms and socioeconomic status. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Cases of HEV are not uniformly distributed in Cornwall and cluster in the west of the county. This is not due to increased exposure to HEV at population level as there was no difference in HEV seroprevalence in the west of Cornwall and the rest of the study area. Proximity to a pig farm does not appear to be a risk factor for contracting HEV. Living within 2000 m of the coast does appear to be a risk factor, but the reason for this is uncertain. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>Reference</h3> 1. <b>Ijaz S</b><i>et al</i>. <i>J Infect Dis</i> 2005;<b>192</b>:166–72.
Immunity to viral infections among medical students in London
Authors: J M Best, S J Palmer, L Hesketh, P Morgan-Capner, K Mathers
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Kurds were suspects as far as the regime was concerned.This is exactly what the Turkish government thinks of its Kurdish people: every Kurd is a suspect and terrorist.The number of Kurdish people coming to Britain as asylum seekers has increased since the escalation of Turkish military and police operations in Kurdistan.Many of them have been imprisoned and tortured, and they have been subjected to or have witnessed other kinds of state organised violence.Many have lost families, friends, jobs, status, and belongings.The impact of these traumatic life events and losses must be considerable on their mental health and social fuctioning.General practitioners and psychiatrists therefore need to be aware of the histories of their Kurdish patients.The plight of Kurdish people should not be forgotten.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Clinical and Genetic Determinants of Torsade de Pointes Risk”
Authors: Andrew J. Sauer, Christopher Newton-Cheh
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Genetic Determinants of Torsade de Pointes Risk"We thank Dr Sacha for his reference to additional clinical syndromes in which the risk of torsade de pointes (TdP) can be increased.Although we previously highlighted the increased likelihood for TdP in the setting of both structural and ischemic heart disease, 1 we did not specifically address the unique context of scenarios such as acute myocardial infarction, stress-related cardiomyopathy, and subarachnoid hemorrhage.As Dr Sacha points out, each of these entities may represent moments in which acquired transient QT interval prolongation and TdP may occur.However, the mechanism underlying the association between TdP and both acute and chronic cardiomyopathies remains elusive.To the point, Samuelov-Kinori et al 2 examined 40 peer-reviewed reports of takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with either TdP or acquired QT interval prolongation.They noted that 80% of patients noted to have takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with TdP also had Ն1 traditional risk factor other than systolic dysfunction, including suspicion for congenital long QT syndrome, bradycardia, hypokalemia, or QT-prolonging medications.However, transient alterations in sympathetic tone could represent a common denominator for the increased TdP events observed with stress cardiomyopathy, acute intracranial events, severe acute illness, and acute myocardial infarction.Vaseghi et al 3 demonstrated that both direct and reflex sympathetic activation (using isoproterenol and nitroprusside, respectively) lead to increased repolarization heterogeneity in patients with and without ischemic cardiomyopathy.Furthermore, there is increasing evidence for electromechanical coupling of repolarization heterogeneity as it relates to both systolic 4 and diastolic dysfunction. 5In summary, we agree that acute cardiac events such as myocardial infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and stress cardiomyopathies deserve special attention because they are at least transiently associated with both prolonged QT interval and increased TdP risk.However, further investigation is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying acute cardiomyopathy, QT prolongation, and associated TdP.
Another Innovation at <i>Journal of Clinical Oncology</i>
Authors: Stephen A. Cannistra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

It has been an exciting first year as Editor-in-Chief, during which many changes have been made to Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO). These include launching the rapid-review effort, along with a substantial increase in articles published on a high-priority, free-access basis (ie, Rapid Communications). Readers have also noticed the frequent appearance of a new section entitled Understanding the Pathway, in which we provide a snapshot of the relevant biology that underlies an accompanying original report. The podcast effort has also been very successful and has become a popular venue for keeping up with selected JCO articles, especially for readers who have not yet had a chance to view the accompanying articles in print. As some of you have noticed, we have begun to post videos on our JCO Web site (www.jco.org), illustrating important procedures (eg, laparoscopy) relevant to an original report (eg, jco.ascopubs.org/content/ 30/7/681/suppl/DC1). The launch of user-friendly applications for commonly used mobile devices represents our commitment to provide readers with easy access to the timely and practice-changing information that they have come to expect from JCO. We continue to develop a robust menu of new Special Series reviews, including the recently published Care of the Whole Patient With Cancer and new topics to be published soon regarding adult survivorship, comparativeeffectiveness research, genomics-driven cancer medicine, non–small-cell lung cancer, and pain management. I would like to call your attention to yet another innovation that is being introduced in JCO, which we call Oncology Grand Rounds. This section is designed with the practitioner in mind and will be case based, discussing management approaches to commonly encountered oncologic problems in a data-driven fashion, using an original report published in the same issue of JCO as the focal point for discussion. I have often felt that it is difficult for busy practitioners to fully know how to integrate the findings of original research into their own clinical practice, and my hope is that this new section will help to accomplish this goal. Indeed, we still envision the original report as being the center of attraction in this choreographed production, surrounded by contributions from other sections such as Oncology Grand Rounds, Understanding the Pathway, Editorials, Comments and Controversies, and podcasts, all providing a thematic thread designed to enhance the readership experience (Fig 1). As you might imagine, we work hard behind the scenes to coordinate this, but it is a labor of love fueled by the positive reinforcement that we receive from our valued readers and the knowledge that ultimately, these efforts will lead to better patient care. I would like to thank the many readers, my great editors, and our wonderful staff at JCO who have been supportive of my efforts during this first year. We are off to a great start, but there is more to come, so please stay tuned.
Unique mutations in the filaggrin gene in Japanese patients with ichthyosis vulgaris and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Toshifumi Nomura, Aileen Sandilands, Masashi Akiyama, Haihui Liao, Alan T. Evans, Kaori Sakai, Mitsuhito Ota, Hisashi Sugiura, Kazuo Yamamoto, Hiroshi Sato, Colin N.A. Palmer, Frances J.D. Smith, W.H. Irwin McLean, Hiroshi Shimizu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
1022 OVERESTIMATION OF “PURE” NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) AS A CAUSE OF LIVER FIBROSIS (AF) USING ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ESTIMATED BY SELF DECLARATION (SD)
Authors: T. Poynard, P. Lebray, A. Varaud, P. Ingiliz, B. Varsat, Y. Ngo, M. Munteanu, D. Messous, F. Imbert-Bismut, J.P. Carrau, J. Massard, V. Ratziu, J.P. Giordanella
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Patient-controlled sedation in endoscopy: are patients leading us?
Authors: Alexandre Ferreira, Andrea Riphaus
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

The use of propofol-based sedation in the endoscopy suite has increased enormously throughout the world in the past few years. The main reasons behind this trend are the procedural comfort and patient satisfaction, the reduction in induction and recovery times, and the safety record [1] [2] [3] [4].
Endothelial dysfunction of peripheral arteries in patients with immunohistologically confirmed myocardial inflammation correlates with endothelial expression of human leukocyte antigens and adhesion molecules in myocardial biopsies
Authors: Katja B Vallbracht, Peter L Schwimmbeck, Bettina Seeberg, Uwe Kühl, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
ACC/AHA/ACP-ASIM guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina11This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Board of Trustees in March 1999, the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee in March 1999, and the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine Board of Regents in February 1999.When citing this document, please use the following citation format: Gibbons RJ, Chatterjee K, Daley J, Douglas …
Authors: Raymond J. Gibbons, Kanu Chatterjee, Jennifer Daley, John S. Douglas, Stephan D. Fihn, Julius M. Gardin, Mark A. Grunwald, Daniel Levy, Bruce W. Lytle, Robert A. O’Rourke, William P. Schafer, Sankey V. Williams, James L. Ritchie, Raymond J. Gibbons, Melvin D. Cheitlin, Kim A. Eagle, Timothy J. Gardner, Arthur Garson, Richard O. Russell, Thomas J. Ryan, Sidney C. Smith
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Chronic Gamma Irradiation
Authors: P. W. Edmondson
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Numerous workers have established that chronic xand gamma-irradiation eventually produces anaemia and pancytopenia in all species (Lorenz et al., 1954 ; Ingram and Mason, 1954), the onset of the anaemia being a late and relatively sudden event. The pathogenesis of this anaemia is not understood. Though marrow studies after death have been carried out (Heineke, 1905 ; Lorenz et al., 1954 ; Ingram and Mason, 1954) no serial marrow studies have previously been made. The present experiment was an attempt to discover by means of serial marrow studies whether the sudden onset of anaemia in chronically irradiated animals was presaged by changes in the marrow and to what extent the changes in the peripheral blood reflected changes in the marrow. Guinea-pigs were chosen, as their haemo poietic system is sensitive to radiation, changes caused by chronic irradiation are clear-cut, and the work of Lorenz et al. (1954) has established the dose levels necessary to produce these changes.