tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
128 FIVE YEAR PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF LIVER HISTOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH INTERFERON/PEGINTERFERON AND RIBAVIRIN (IFNTX)
Authors: M. Shiffman, S. Hubbard, A. Long, M. Contos, S. Mills, R. Sterling, V. Luketic, T. Stravitz, M. Fuchs, A. Sanyal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Proton-Beam Therapy in Acromegaly
Authors: Raymond N. Kjellberg, Akira Shintani, Andrew G. Frantz, Bernard Kliman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Bragg-peak proton hypophysectomy was used in 22 acromegalic patients. Of 14 followed for two to 36 months, size of hands, feet or face decreased in nine. Variable improvement took place in headache, fatigability, heat intolerance, joint pain, sexual function, weight, skin, tachycardia, hypertension, visual fields, glucose tolerance, thyroid-function tests and ketosteroid and hydroxysteroid secretions. Levels of human growth hormone fell strikingly in eight and to an insignificant degree in four, and increased in two. These effects were ordinarily progressive over the follow-up months, and longer observations are necessary. There has been no mortality, cerebrospinal-fluid leak, infection or diabetes insipidus. Complications included transient headache, occasional diplopia and one case of anterior pituitary insufficiency. The first patient treated had serious unilateral visual loss. The method compares favorably with other procedures in its ability to suppress human growth hormone and in the infrequency of persistent complications.
Role of glucose and glutamine synthesis in the differential recovery of 13CO2 from infused [2-13C] versus [1-13C] acetate
Authors: Etienne Pouteau, Pascale Maugère, Dominique Darmaun, J.Sérgio Marchini, Hugues Piloquet, Henri Dumon, Patrick Nguyen, Michel Krempf
Journal: Metabolism (1998)
Report calls for end of drug promotion to doctors
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Product promotion among doctors by drug companies and medical device manufacturers should be virtually eliminated, and remaining research and educational ties should become completely transparent, a new report from the US Institute of Medicine recommends.

The institute’s president, Harvey Fineberg, said that the report “sets a new standard for comprehensiveness” across the spectrum of activity—from research and treatment guidelines to education and training of healthcare professionals and regular clinical practice.

He said he was particularly pleased that the report focuses on “prevention and anticipation, as opposed simply to responding after the fact to these problems.”

Bernard Lo, a medical ethicist at the …
Safety feasibility dobutamine-atropine stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, correlation with perfusion abnormalities in 1076 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease
Authors: A. Elhendy, R. Valkema, R.T. van Domburg, P.R. NieropJeroen, J. Bax, G.M. El-Said, M.M. Ibrahim, J.R.T.C. Roslandt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
144 REDUCED DOSE AND DURATION OF PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B + WEIGHT-BASED RIBAVIRIN IN EUROPEAN AND ASIAN GENOTYPE 2 AND 3 CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS (REDD 2/3 TRIAL)
Authors: M. Manns, S. Zeuzem, A. Sood, Y. Lurie, M. Cornberg, H. Klinker, I. Merican, Y. Ilan, T. Mueller, R. Chen, X. Yu, R. Faruqi, H. Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
USE OF ELECTROTHERAPEUTIC DEVICES
Authors: G. H. Liebel
Journal: JAMA (1925)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, June 20, p. 1941, appeared an inquiry from a Nebraska physician and your reply. This reply states erroneously that the Model P Dynelectron is not powerful enough for strong electrocoagulation or for autocondensation. Thousands of honest and intelligent physicians are conscientiously using this apparatus and securing positive demonstrable results from it.  For autocondensation the Dynelectron will deliver 1,000 ma. on an average size patient; on one with heavy wrists and arms as much as 1,100 ma., and on a light weight at least 900 ma. In actual treatment we have rarely if ever found more than 800 ma. used, and often a smaller amount. Further, we guarantee the apparatus to deliver its full rating continuously, twenty-four hours a day, without injury or overheating.  I have witnessed hundreds of electrocoagulation operations by as many operators and I have yet to see a single instance in
HTLV-II infection in a Liverpool intravenous drug user
Authors: C.M. Parry, A.D. Harries, N.J. Beeching, I.M. Shaw, K.J. Mutton, L. McAlpine, J.H.C. Tosswill, P.W. Tuke, J.A. Garson
Journal: Journal of Infection (1991)
Long-term survival and development of secondary malignancies in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with aclarubicin or daunorubicin plus cytosine arabinoside followed by intensive consolidation chemotherapy in a Danish national phase III trial
Authors: P de Nully Brown, T Hoffmann, OP Hansen, AM Boesen, K Grønbæk, E Hippe, MK Jensen, K Thorling, HH Storm, J Pedersen-Bjergaard
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
THE MANAGEMENT OF SUMMER DIARRHEA
Authors: THOMAS S. SOUTHWORTH
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Trite as may seem the subject, the first hot days of the summer call up a picture of the blanched and sunken faces of the sad little army which besiege the doors of our offices, hospitals and dispensaries in the lifeless days of summer. It is a smaller army than of yore, thanks to the agitation for pure milk and the ever-widening knowledge of the proper methods of prophylaxis and treatment, but the work of such discussions as will follow this group of papers has not yet been done nor will be done until human ignorance or human life disappears from the earth. <h3>ETIOLOGY.</h3> Believe as we may concerning the preponderance of etiologic factors—bacterial, dietetic or meteorologic—the fact remains that diarrhea among infants and young children leaps to the front with the inception of the warm season, and claims our attention as the most common disorder until
[93] INTERFERON-ALPHA TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HCV INFECTION SKEWS HOMING PROPERTIES OF CIRCULATING MYELOID DENDRITIC CELLS TO SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANS
Authors: S. Beckebaum, J. Kang, C.G. Klein, C.E. Broelsch, G. Gerken, V.R. Cicinnati
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Some Unique Biologic Characteristics of the Masai of East Africa
Authors: Kurt Biss, Kang-Jey Ho, Belma Mikkelson, Lena Lewis, C. Bruce Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

The Masai of East Africa exhibit some unique biologic characteristics. Despite their customary diet composed of 66 per cent calories as fat, they have persistent low serum cholesterol and beta-lipoprotein levels. Post-mortem examinations provided direct proof of a paucity of atherosclerosis. Metabolic studies revealed that the Masai absorbed large amounts of dietary cholesterol, but also possessed a highly efficient negative feedback control of endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis to compensate for the influx of dietary cholesterol. Two unusual serum-protein patterns were observed: the presence of a double alpha2 band; and a high level of serum IgA that is apparent at an early age (four years). The high ratios of phospholipid to cholesterol and bile acid to cholesterol in their gallbladder bile explain the extreme rarity of cholesterol gallstones. All these characteristics may reflect a long-term biologic adaptation of the tribe.
Care of mentally ill prisoners is “clearly dysfunctional”
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2006)

MPs and peers have said that a “fundamental shift” is needed in the way offenders with mental health problems are treated in the United Kingdom if levels of crime are to be tackled and the prison population reduced. 

“Massive investment” is needed to bring mental health services in prison in line with those offered in the community—something that the government has promised but that is still far from being achieved, they say. 

In an interim report focusing solely on mental health the all party parliamentary group on prison health has labelled prisons as “clearly dysfunctional” in the way they deal with prisoners' mental health problems. 

Lord Ramsbotham, former chief inspector of prisons, said: “Prison health is a …
ATTEMPT AT SELF-CASTRATION.
Authors: J. M. WOLFE
Journal: JAMA (1907)

J. W., aged 30, was brought to my office May 13, suffering from a self-inflicted wound. He had laid open the scrotum and succeeded in getting one testicle out, but was unable to sever the cord, on account of the intense pain. He had, however, mutilated the organ to such an extent that it became necessary to complete the operation. I tied off the cord and the tunica vaginalis separately with catgut ligature. Infection was feared, as he had used dirt to control the hemorrhage, but to my surprise he made an uneventful recovery without the least sign of suppuration. The patient was a masturbator of the most pronounced type. He said he had accomplished the act as frequently as seven times a day, and he thought that by castrating himself he would get rid of the uncontrollable passion. He was somewhat deficient in gray matter, but had laid his
Proglucagon products in plasma of noninsulin-dependent diabetics and nondiabetic controls in the fasting state and after oral glucose and intravenous arginine.
Authors: C Orskov, J Jeppesen, S Madsbad, J J Holst
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

We investigated the major products of proglucagon (PG) processing in plasma in the fasting state, after intravenous arginine and after an oral glucose load in noninsulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM) and in weight matched controls using specific radioimmunoassays and analytical gel filtration. In the fasting state the glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) immunoreactivity was significantly elevated in the NIDDM group compared with the control group. Both after intravenous arginine and after an oral glucose load a rise in the plasma concentrations of all immunoreactive moieties measured was seen. All integrated incremental responses after intravenous arginine were identical in the two groups. After oral glucose the insulin concentrations in plasma were lower and the concentrations of all proglucagon products were higher in the NIDDM group compared to the control group. The gel filtration analysis showed that arginine stimulated the secretion of pancreatic glucagon (PG 33-61), major proglucagon fragment (PG 72-158) and probably GLP-1 (PG 72-107 amide) in both groups, whereas oral glucose stimulated the secretion of glicentin (PG 1-69) and intestinal GLP-1 (PG 78-107 amide), an insulinotropic hormone. The elevated levels of immunoreactive GLP-1 in diabetics in the fasting state were mainly due to an increased concentration of major proglucagon fragment.
Dr Wendy Orr and the Health of Detainees in South Africa-Reply
Authors: Elena O. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Retief's letter commenting on our article demands a response. In the article, we reported on a South African prison physician, a Chilean surgeon, and a Soviet psychiatrist whose courageous actions have brought public attention to the problem of torture worldwide. The purpose of our article was to demonstrate the ways in which health professionals, particularly physicians, can be effective in preventing the torture and ill-treatment of prisoners and detainees. Dr Retief implies that there may be another side to the court case brought against the South African police by Dr Wendy Orr and her coapplicants in September 1985. Either Dr Retief is being disingenuous or, perhaps, is unfamiliar with the developments in the Orr case since March 1986. For another perspective, we direct the reader's attention to the letter that follows this one from Dr Orr's attorney, Mr Cheadle. Dr Retief's statement about the Orr case is
WHO celebrates triumph over river blindness
Authors: J. Ciment
Journal: BMJ (1999)

This article reports the success of WHO in eliminating onchocerciasis or river blindness in most of West Africa. The onchocerciasis control program was able to save 100,000 people at immediate risk of contracting the disease and prevented the infection of about 12 million children. About 1.25 million onchocercal infections have been resolved by the program. Moreover, removal of the threat of the disease has allowed people to farm 25 million hectares of fertile land capable of feeding 17 million people annually. The land was previously abandoned due to black fly infestations, the transmission vector of the disease. The control program, which was started 25 years ago, had successfully eliminated the disease after a partnership between the UN agency and Merck, the company that developed ivermectin. Ivermectin is the first drug against river blindness that could be dispensed widely without fear of serious side effects.
Just getting into cells is not enough: Mechanisms underlying 4-(N)-stearoyl gemcitabine solid lipid nanoparticle's ability to overcome gemcitabine resistance caused by RRM1 overexpression
Authors: Piyanuch Wonganan, Dharmika S.P. Lansakara-P, Saijie Zhu, Melisande Holzer, Michael A. Sandoval, Mangalika Warthaka, Zhengrong Cui
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Predicting Ejection Fraction after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Marc T. Silver
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 May 1995Predicting Ejection Fraction after Myocardial InfarctionMarc T. Silver, MD, Geoffrey A. Rose, MD, and Patrick T. O'Gara, MDMarc T. Silver, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Geoffrey A. Rose, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Patrick T. O'Gara, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-9-199505010-00042 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the comments of Dr. Darbar and colleagues and Dr. Zema on our clinical rule to identify patients with preserved LVEF after myocardial infarction.Darbar and colleagues applied our clinical prediction rule to a subset of patients admitted to their coronary care unit. They had data on 55 of 75 randomly selected patients; only 13 of these patients were predicted to have an LVEF of 40% or greater. Measurements showed that only 9 of these 13 patients had preserved LVEF, yielding a positive predictive value of 69%; this is apparently much lower ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1995Volume 122, Issue 9Page: 730KeywordsCardiac care unitEjection fractionHeart failureInfarctionLeft ventricular ejection fractionMyocardial infarctionNegative predictive valuePositive predictive value Issue Published: 1 May 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
TCT-806 Long-Term Outcomes From The CoreValve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Australia-New Zealand Study
Authors: Ian Meredith, Tony Walton, Darren Walters, Stephen Worthley, Sanjeevan Pasaputi, John Ormiston, Robert Whitbourn, Gerald Yong, David Muller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Alopecia areata: immunofluorescence and other studies
Authors: M.R. KLABER, D.D. MUNRO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

In a study of 24 patients with alopecia areata, scalp biopsies were examined for immunofluorescence; all were negative. A number of other tests also failed to confirm an auto-immune aetiology for this disease. A possible explanation lies in the heterogeneity of alopecia areata, only a small proportion of cases being of the auto-immune type.
Medical and Surgical Cardiology
Authors: Arthur J. Moss
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This interesting and informative volume, encompassing both the medical and surgical aspects of operable cardiac lesions, and written in the enjoyable style so characteristic of British writing, is a delight to read. The international reputation of the authors and contributors guarantees the excellence of the work. In these times of world tensions, the reviewer of a foreign text must choose his words carefully lest he stir an international crisis. Fortunately, this is no problem in the present case since the shortcomings are few in number and trivial in nature. The illustrations are clearly labeled and superbly reproduced. The references, though sparse in some areas, are carefully selected and up to date. I particularly enjoyed reading the chapters on cardiac catheterization, pharmacology, postoperative respiratory insufficiency, and cardiac surgery in infants. Paradoxically, the strongest attraction of the book, namely, a generally broad perspective of selected areas of cardiology, is also the basis
A SIMPLE, EASY AND EFFICIENT METHOD OF ANCHORING A MOVABLE KIDNEY.
Authors: G. PAUL LAROQUE
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Indications for the performance of this operation have long ago been elucidated and to the modern doctor, skilled in the interpretation of symptoms caused by injurious degrees of renal mobility, these indications are clear and positive. The hesitation, so often manifested by patients and shared by the family physician and in no small degree by many surgeons, to advise fixation of a kidney injuriously mobile, has been incident to the fact that too often there has been no relief of the symptoms in friends and patients previously operated on. This failure need not exist when the operation is properly performed. The problem is no longer how to prevent recurrence of excessive mobility. Indeed, one caution is to avoid too rigid fixation. The real problem, however, is to fix the organ properly in its normal location with its upper pole in proper relation to the eleventh intercostal space, twelfth rib and
Disaccharidase levels in the small intestine in patients with diarrhoea following vagotomy and pyloroplasty
Authors: J. Garcia-Paredes, S. C. Truelove
Journal: Gut (1971)

Diarrhoea is a common sequel to vagotomy and pyloroplasty but its cause is unknown. One of our patients who developed this complication had an abnormal lactose barium meal and responded well to a lactose-free diet. This led us to make a systematic study of disaccharidase activity in the small intestine in patients with diarrhoea following vagotomy and pyloroplasty. The small-intestinal disaccharidases have been estimated in jejunal biopsy specimens taken from 23 patients suffering from persistent diarrhoea, either continuous or episodic, after vagotomy and pyloroplasty. The disaccharidase values were normal in all but one of these patients. This patient showed hypolactasia but the sucrase and maltase levels were normal. The jejunal biopsy specimen taken from this patient showed a convoluted pattern under the dissecting microscope and severe partial villous atrophy under the light microscope. A repeat jejunal biopsy taken 20 cm beyond the duodeno-jejunal flexure showed similar appearances and also had a low level of lactase. However, two lactose tolerance tests and a lactose barium meal yielded normal results, suggesting that the low level of lactase in the upper jejunum was not a limiting factor in lactose absorption. The finding of one example of a low lactase level among 23 postvagotomy patients corresponds with what is being found in a study of normal subjects at present in progress. In effect, almost all patients with persistent diarrhoea after vagotomy and pyloroplasty have normal small-intestinal disaccharidase activity.
Focused transcription from the human CR2/CD21 core promoter is regulated by synergistic activity of TATA and Initiator elements in mature B cells
Authors: Rhonda L Taylor, Mark N Cruickshank, Mahdad Karimi, Han Leng Ng, Elizabeth Quail, Kenneth M Kaufman, John B Harley, Lawrence J Abraham, Betty P Tsao, Susan A Boackle, Daniela Ulgiati
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2015)
Yellow Fever in Africa: Estimating the Burden of Disease and Impact of Mass Vaccination from Outbreak and Serological Data
Authors: Tini Garske, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, Sergio Yactayo, Olivier Ronveaux, Rosamund F. Lewis, J. Erin Staples, William Perea, Neil M. Ferguson
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Yellow fever is a vector-borne disease affecting humans and non-human primates in tropical areas of Africa and South America. While eradication is not feasible due to the wildlife reservoir, large scale vaccination activities in Africa during the 1940s to 1960s reduced yellow fever incidence for several decades. However, after a period of low vaccination coverage, yellow fever has resurged in the continent. Since 2006 there has been substantial funding for large preventive mass vaccination campaigns in the most affected countries in Africa to curb the rising burden of disease and control future outbreaks. Contemporary estimates of the yellow fever disease burden are lacking, and the present study aimed to update the previous estimates on the basis of more recent yellow fever occurrence data and improved estimation methods.Generalised linear regression models were fitted to a dataset of the locations of yellow fever outbreaks within the last 25 years to estimate the probability of outbreak reports across the endemic zone. Environmental variables and indicators for the surveillance quality in the affected countries were used as covariates. By comparing probabilities of outbreak reports estimated in the regression with the force of infection estimated for a limited set of locations for which serological surveys were available, the detection probability per case and the force of infection were estimated across the endemic zone. The yellow fever burden in Africa was estimated for the year 2013 as 130,000 (95% CI 51,000-380,000) cases with fever and jaundice or haemorrhage including 78,000 (95% CI 19,000-180,000) deaths, taking into account the current level of vaccination coverage. The impact of the recent mass vaccination campaigns was assessed by evaluating the difference between the estimates obtained for the current vaccination coverage and for a hypothetical scenario excluding these vaccination campaigns. Vaccination campaigns were estimated to have reduced the number of cases and deaths by 27% (95% CI 22%-31%) across the region, achieving up to an 82% reduction in countries targeted by these campaigns. A limitation of our study is the high level of uncertainty in our estimates arising from the sparseness of data available from both surveillance and serological surveys.With the estimation method presented here, spatial estimates of transmission intensity can be combined with vaccination coverage levels to evaluate the impact of past or proposed vaccination campaigns, thereby helping to allocate resources efficiently for yellow fever control. This method has been used by the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI Alliance) to estimate the potential impact of future vaccination campaigns.