tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physiologic Correction of Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: JOHN A. WALDHAUSEN, WILLIAM S. PIERCE, C. DICK PARK, WILLIAM J. RASHKIND, SIDNEY FRIEDMAN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

The total management of a group of 32 patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is reported. All but one had required creation of an atrial septal defect in infancy. Eighteen patients had no associated cardiac defects, and physiologic correction was performed between 8 months and 9½ years of age. The only death in this group occurred 9 months after operation. Eight of nine patients with TGA and an associated ventricular septal defect (VSD) had required pulmonary artery banding in infancy. Physiologic correction was performed between 2¼ and 6 years of age. Three of these patients died during the postoperative period, and one died 9 months after operation. Two patients had TGA and pulmonary stenosis (PS). Physiologic correction was performed at 2 1/3 and 3¾ years of age. Both patients have done well. Three patients had TGA, VSD, and PS. Total correction was performed between 2 1/3 and 3½ years of age. All three patients died in the postoperative period. The over-all operative mortality was 19%. Our present plan of management has evolved from the experience reported above. All infants with TGA have balloon atrioseptostomy. If no VSD is present, physiologic correction is performed between 1 and 2 years of age. Patients with TGA and a VSD are catheterized at 8 months of age, and pulmonary banding is performed if pulmonary artery hypertension is present. Physiologic correction is performed at about 4 years of age. Patients with TGA, VSD, and PS may require systemicpulmonary artery anastomosis. Correction at 5 years of age with the use of a homograft from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, as described by Rastelli and his associates, is recommended because of the poor results obtained with an intra-atrial baffle in this group.
Respiratory chain enzyme defects in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.
Authors: Y Campos, J Arenas, A Cabello, J J Gomez-Reino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

OBJECTIVE--To analyse muscle respiratory chain enzymes in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. METHODS--Four consecutive female patients seen at our hospital with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy were studied. Muscle histochemical staining included NADH tetrazolium reductase and succinate dehydrogenase tests. Activity of rotenone sensitive NADH cytochrome c reductase (complex I and III) succinate dehydrogenase (complex II), succinate cytochrome c reductase (complex II and III), cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), and citrate synthase (a mitochondrial matrix enzyme), was measured spectrophotometrically in muscle homogenates. Free carnitine, and short and long chain acylcarnitine esters were determined in muscle homogenates by a radiochemical procedure. RESULTS--Three patients had mitochondrial proliferation in nonregenerating muscle fibres; these patients had defects of respiratory chain enzyme complexes. Carnitine concentrations, measured in two of the four patients, revealed carnitine deficiency in one. CONCLUSION--Our results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be present in patients with inflammatory myositis.
A SYSTEMATIC COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS FOR DETERMINING MITRAL REGURGITATION SEVERITY
Authors: Seth Uretsky, Edgar Argulian, Azhar Supariwala, Marjorie Subero, Sai P. Gudiwada, Samridi Sinha, Kavya Jain, Keerthana Paladugu, Siva Puppala, Linda Gillam, Farooq Chaudhry, Steven Wolff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Folic Acid and Prevention of Spina Bifida-Reply
Authors: Godfrey P. Oakley
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Folic acid has been shown in randomized controlled trials to prevent 50% to 70% of spina bifida and other NTDs. As a result of this evidence, the US Public Health Service recommends that all women capable of becoming pregnant consume 0.4 mg of folic acid per day.<sup>1</sup>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that if all women followed the recommendation, there would be 2000 to 3000 fewer pregnancies affected by spina bifida and related defects each year in the United States. On March 5, 1996, the US Food and Drug Administration issued a rule that will require, by 1998, the addition of folic acid to all enriched cereal grain products.<sup>2</sup>Fortification will be a very important public health action, providing American women an opportunity to increase their consumption of folic acid. Despite our enthusiasm for cereal grain fortification, it will be difficult for women
Outcome of Acute Myocardial Infarction According to the Specialty of the Admitting Physician
Authors: James G. Jollis, Elizabeth R. DeLong, Eric D. Peterson, Lawrence H. Muhlbaier, Donald F. Fortin, Robert M. Califf, Daniel B. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

In order to limit costs, health care organizations in the United States are shifting medical care from specialists to primary care physicians. Although primary care physicians provide less resource-intensive care, there is little information concerning the effects of this strategy on outcomes.
Colonoscopy vs Sigmoidoscopy Screening
Authors: Alfred I. Neugut, Benjamin Lebwohl
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blacks, Medical Schools, and Society
Authors: Donald H. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The aim of this book is to highlight the racially discriminatory practices that have led to an underrepresentation of blacks in American medicine, to argue for complete racial integration, and to describe methods of identifying and supporting the disadvantaged minority high school and college students capable of successfully completing medical school. However, in dealing with such broad issues, it is not clear to this reader which audience the author is addressing. In compiling data on blacks involved in medical training, Dr. Curtis notes that while blacks comprise more than 11% of the population, only 6% are enrolled in medical school. He argues for black representation in medicine to be at least equal to the percentage in the general population and that their training take place in integrated medical schools. In the author's experience, there is a large pool of talented blacks attending ghetto schools, but there are no programs to
Standardization of platelet function tests
Authors: Pamela R. Roper‐Drewinko, Benjamin Drewinko, Gail Corrigan, Dennis Johnston, Kenneth B. McCredie, Emil J. Freireich
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Methods for the standardization of several currently used platelet function tests (bleeding time, capillary fragility, platelet retention, platelet aggregation, platelet factor 3, and platelet volume profiles) are presented, Different variables than may interfere with the reproducibility of the results of each assay were identified and standardized. Using the standardized techniques, the range of normal values for each test was determined in a large population of normal volunteers and used to identify disease states by comparing patient results with those of the normal population. A format for presenting the entire profile of platelet function parameters is proposed.
Teenage drug use
Authors: D. Reid
Journal: BMJ (1996)

On the increase, and clear links with advertising and sports sponsorship 

Are young people in Britain rapidly descending into a state of Hogarthian depravity, as they stagger from the tobacconists to the boozer, mugging an old lady on the way to pay the neighbourhood drug pusher? Tabloid newspapers looking for silly season stories will certainly find plenty to fill their pages from Miller and Plant's survey (p394) of drinking, smoking and illicit drug use among British 15 and 16 year olds.1

Notable soundbites include the finding that three quarters of the sample had been drunk at some time in their lives, while half had consumed more than five drinks in a row at least once in the past 30 days. One in three smoke, four out of 10 have used an illegal drug, and although only 1-2% have tried heroin …
Urinary Sodium Excretion and Cardiovascular Events—Reply
Authors: Martin J. O’Donnell, Roland E. Schmieder, Salim Yusuf
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chronic Pancreatitis in England: A Changing Picture?
Authors: O. James, J. E. Agnew, I. A. D. Bouchier
Journal: BMJ (1974)

A total of 107 patients with chronic pancreatitis from the London area seen between 1968 and 1973 have been reviewed; they comprised 30 with calcific pancreatitis and 77 with chronic or chronic relapsing pancreatitis without calcification. The commonest clinical features were pain, diabetes, malabsorption, and peptic ulcer. Alcohol was a probable aetiology in nearly half the cases, a different finding from those of previous surveys and possibly associated with the increased consumption of alcohol in England in the last 20 years.
Standardizing Criteria for Logistic Regression Models
Authors: Steven N. Goodman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 September 1993Standardizing Criteria for Logistic Regression ModelsSteven N. Goodman, MDSteven N. Goodman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The letter was forwarded to one of our statistical editors for response:Dr. Campillo is not alone in his recognition of a need for reporting guidelines for complex multiple regression models in clinical research. This has been actively discussed at Annals and other journals, and I expect we may see something along those lines in the not-too-distant future. Until then, interested readers are referred to an article [1] published in the same issue as the letter by Palmas and coworkers [2], wherein Concato and coworkers discuss various problems in the reporting of multivariate analyses in medical journals, with some recommendations ...References1. Concato J, Feinstein AR, Holford TR. The risk of determining risk with multivariable models. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:201-10. Google Scholar2. Palmas W, Denton TA, Diamond GA. Publication criteria for statistical prediction models. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:231-2. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 6Page: 540-541KeywordsForecastingMultivariate analysisResearch reporting guidelines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Is waiting time a measure of access to liver transplantation? Is shorter necessarily better?
Authors: Richard B. Freeman
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Background: The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score has been used since February 2002 to allocate livers for transplantation from deceased donors according to medical need. Allocation based on MELD scores should ensure that sicker patients receive transplants first regardless of transplantation center volume. Objective: To determine whether the MELD score at transplantation and waiting time of liver transplant recipients differs by transplantation center volume. Design: Analysis of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network database. Centers were classified according to the volume of transplantations performed in 2005: high (> or =100 transplantations), medium (50 to 99 transplantations), and low (<50 transplantations). Setting: Transplantation centers in the United States. Patients: 20,075 transplant recipients between 27 February 2002 and 30 April 2006. Measurements: MELD scores and waiting times of liver transplant recipients. Results: Transplant recipients at high-volume centers had lower MELD scores (35.1% with MELD scores < or =18 vs. 22.7% and 27.0% at medium- and low-volume centers, respectively; P < 0.001), and the median MELD score was 22 compared with 24 at both medium- and low-volume centers. Despite having lower MELD scores, recipients at high-volume centers also experienced shorter waiting times (median waiting time, 69 days vs. 98 days and 94 days at medium-and low-volume centers, respectively; P < 0.001). Limitations: The definition of transplantation center volume was subjective. The recent implementation of MELD precluded analysis of differences in long-term outcomes related to waiting time or center volume. Conclusions: The MELD scores and waiting time of liver transplant recipients differed by transplantation center volume. High-volume centers have shorter waiting times and perform more transplantations for less sick patients. The reasons for these differences are unclear but warrant further investigation.
Prevention of HIV in young people in Africa
Authors: R. Hayes
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Interventions need to be sustained and extend beyond schools and into the community Despite the importance of preventing HIV infection in young people in countries where it is highly endemic, few rigorously conducted studies have measured the effects of preventive interventions.1 The linked randomised trial by Jewkes and colleagues (doi: 10.1136/bmj.a506) of the Stepping Stones intervention is therefore an important addition.2The trial randomly allocated 70 villages in the Eastern
Correlation Between Elevated Levels of Amyloid β-Peptide in the Brain and Cognitive Decline
Authors: Jan Näslund
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextAlzheimer disease (AD) is characterized neuropathologically by the presence of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ)–containing plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of abnormal tau protein. Considerable controversy exists as to whether the extent of accumulation of Aβ correlates with dementia and whether Aβ alterations precede or follow changes in tau.ObjectivesTo determine whether accumulation of Aβ correlates with the earliest signs of cognitive deterioration and to define the relationship between Aβ accumulation and early tau changes.Design, Setting, and PatientsPostmortem cross-sectional study of 79 nursing home residents with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale scores of 0.0 to 5.0 who died between 1986 and 1997, comparing the levels of Aβ variants in the cortices of the subjects with no (CDR score, 0.0 [n = 16]), questionable (CDR score, 0.5 [n = 11]), mild (CDR score, 1.0 [n = 22]), moderate (CDR score, 2.0 [n = 15]), or severe (CDR score, 4.0 or 5.0 [n = 15]) dementia.Main Outcome MeasuresLevels of total Aβ peptides with intact or truncated amino termini and ending in either amino acid 40 (Aβx-40) or 42 (Aβx-42) in 5 neocortical brain regions as well as levels of tau protein undergoing early conformational changes in frontal cortex, as a function of CDR score.ResultsThe levels of both Aβx-40 and Aβx-42 were elevated even in cases classified as having questionable dementia (CDR score = 0.5), and increases of both peptides correlated with progression of dementia. Levels of the more fibril-prone Aβx-42 peptide were higher than those of Aβx-40 in nondemented cases and remained higher throughout progression of disease in all regions examined. Finally, increases in Aβx-40 and Aβx-42 precede significant tau pathology at least in the frontal cortex, an area chosen for examination because of the absence of neuritic changes in the absence of disease.ConclusionsIn this study, levels of total Aβx-40 and Aβx-42 were elevated early in dementia and levels of both peptides were strongly correlated with cognitive decline. Of particular interest, in the frontal cortex, Aβ was elevated before the occurrence of significant tau pathology. These results support an important role for Aβ in mediating initial pathogenic events in AD dementia and suggest that treatment strategies targeting the formation, accumulation, or cytotoxic effects of Aβ should be pursued.
Psychosexual Adjustment and Counseling After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: MICHAEL McLANE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

The current trend in cardiac rehabilitation is toward the empirical and systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of general and specific components. Clearly, resumption of sexual activity is important to the rehabilitation of patients and their partners. In fact, resumption of sexual behavior may be therapeutic in solidfying the marital relationship during stressful readjustment periods. A satisfying sexual relationship can be valuable as a step towards fostering self-confidence and a feeling of returning health. The cardiac rehabilitation program should strive for a multidisciplinary team approach and to initiate intervention and counseling as early as medically possible during the hospitalization. Counseling programs should always include the exploration of the possible concerns of patients and their partners about resumption of sexual activity. Patients should be advised as to the realities of their fears and provided with guidelines for facilitating a satisfying sexual relationship.
Cardiovascular screening in adolescents and young adults: a prospective study comparing the Pre-participation Physical Evaluation Monograph 4th Edition and ECG
Authors: Jessie Fudge, Kimberly G Harmon, David S Owens, Jordan M Prutkin, Jack C Salerno, Irfan M Asif, Alison Haruta, Hank Pelto, Ashwin L Rao, Brett G Toresdahl, Jonathan A Drezner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background This study compares the accuracy of cardiovascular screening in active adolescents and young adults using a standardised history, physical examination and resting 12-lead ECG. Methods Participants were prospectively screened using a standardised questionnaire based on the Pre-participation Physical Evaluation Monograph 4th Edition (PPE-4), physical examination and ECG interpreted using modern standards. Participants with abnormal findings had focused echocardiography and further evaluation. Primary outcomes included disorders associated with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Results From September 2010 to July 2011, 1339 participants underwent screening: age 13–24 (mean 16) years, 49% male, 68% Caucasian, 17% African-American and 1071 (80%) participating in organised sports. Abnormal history responses were reported on 916 (68%) questionnaires. After physician review, 495/916 (54%) participants with positive questionnaires were thought to have non-cardiac symptoms and/or a benign family history and did not warrant additional evaluation. Physical examination was abnormal in 124 (9.3%) participants, and 72 (5.4%) had ECG abnormalities. Echocardiograms were performed in 586 (44%) participants for abnormal history (31%), physical examination (8%) or ECG (5%). Five participants (0.4%) were identified with a disorder associated with SCA, all with ECG-detected Wolff-Parkinson-White. The false-positive rates for history, physical examination and ECG were 31.3%, 9.3% and 5%, respectively. Conclusions A standardised history and physical examination using the PPE-4 yields a high false-positive rate in a young active population with limited sensitivity to identify those at risk for SCA. ECG screening has a low false-positive rate using modern interpretation standards and improves detection of primary electrical disease at risk of SCA.
A flow cytometric study of Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: JANET McLELLAND, JULIA A. NEWTON, MARIAN MALONE, R.S. CAMPLEJOHN, A.C. CHU
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), or histiocytosis X, is now generally considered to be a non‐malignant condition. A flow cytometric (FCM) study of a single case has, however, been published which claimed to provide evidence to contradict this. The presence of DNA‐ploidy as detected using this technique is a feature of malignant and pre‐malignant disease. In this reported single case, DNA‐ploidy was present but the clinical features of this patient were atypical for LCH. We have performed a FCM study of the DNA of nine biopsies of LCH lesions from six patients with well‐established disease. In addition, in one of these, fresh tissue studies including the use of an anti‐CD1 monoclonal antibody to specifically label the LCH cells were performed. In all cases the DNA content of the cells was entirely normal. We therefore found no evidence that LCH is a neoplastic disorder.
Lipocalin-2 Resistance Confers an Advantage to Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium for Growth and Survival in the Inflamed Intestine
Authors: Manuela Raffatellu, Michael D. George, Yuko Akiyama, Michael J. Hornsby, Sean-Paul Nuccio, Tatiane A. Paixao, Brian P. Butler, Hiutung Chu, Renato L. Santos, Thorsten Berger, Tak W. Mak, Renée M. Tsolis, Charles L. Bevins, Jay V. Solnick, Satya Dandekar, Andreas J. Bäumler
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)