tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Network of Dedicated Enrollment Sites
Authors: George W. Machiedo
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Specific detection of hepatitis C virus minus strand RNA in hematopoietic cells.
Authors: H Lerat, F Berby, M A Trabaud, O Vidalin, M Major, C Trépo, G Inchauspé
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) negative strand RNA in extrahepatic compartments based on PCR detection assays has been suggested in many reports with a very heterologous detection rate (from 0 to 100%). In this study, we have analyzed the presence of HCV negative strand in hepatic (liver biopsies, n = 20) and extrahepatic (sera, n = 32; PBMC, n = 26 and fresh bone marrow cells, n = 8) compartments from infected patients with three different reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR-based assays using primers located in the 5' noncoding region, with or without a tag selected to display different viral loads (10(5)-3 x 10(7) genomic equivalent/ml or gram) and viral genotypes (n = 5). Using synthetic as well as biological templates, we could document extensive artifactual detection of negative strand RNA, due to self priming and mispriming events, even either 5' noncoding region primer pair was used, whereas both artifacts were dramatically reduced (mispriming) or eliminated (selfpriming) using CAP-based RT-PCR assay. Mispriming artifacts were directly correlated to the titer of positive strand RNA present in the sample. Using the CAP-PCR assay, the presence of HCV negative strand RNA was found in 75% of livers (16:20) and only 8% of PBMC, independent of the genotype involved, but could not be documented in sera (0:32) and fresh bone marrow cells (0:6). These findings suggest that caution regarding the type of RT-PCR assay used and the level of HCV positive strand RNA present in the biological sample analyzed has to be taken to avoid false identification of viral reservoirs. The findings suggest that hematopoietic peripheral cells can support HCV replication, although in a very limited number of carriers.
Involvement of formyl peptide receptors in receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) - and amyloid beta 1-42-induced signal transduction in glial cells
Authors: Alexander Slowik, Julika Merres, Anne Elfgen, Sandra Jansen, Fabian Mohr, Christoph J Wruck, Thomas Pufe, Lars-Ove Brandenburg
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Abstract Background Recent studies suggest that the chemotactic G-protein-coupled-receptor (GPCR) formyl-peptide-receptor-like-1 (FPRL1) and the receptor-for-advanced-glycation-end-products (RAGE) play an important role in the inflammatory response involved in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, the expression and co-localisation of mouse formyl peptide receptor (mFPR) 1 and 2 as well as RAGE in an APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model using immunofluorescence and real-time RT-PCR were analysed. The involvement of rat or human FPR1/FPRL1 (corresponds to mFPR1/2) and RAGE in amyloid-β 1–42 (Aβ1-42)-induced signalling were investigated by extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. Furthermore, the cAMP level in primary rat glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) and transfected HEK 293 cells was measured. Formyl peptide receptors and RAGE were inhibited by a small synthetic antagonist WRW4 and an inactive receptor variant delta-RAGE, lacking the intracytoplasmatic domains. Results We demonstrated a strong increase of mFPR1/2 and RAGE expression in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice co-localised to the glial cells. In addition, the Aβ1-42-induced signal transduction is dependant on FPRL1, but also on FPR1. For the first time, we have shown a functional interaction between FPRL1/FPR1 and RAGE in RAGE ligands S100B- or AGE-mediated signalling by ERK1/2 phosphorylation and cAMP level measurement. In addition a possible physical interaction between FPRL1 as well as FPR1 and RAGE was shown with co-immunoprecipitation and fluorescence microscopy. Conclusions The results suggest that both formyl peptide receptors play an essential role in Aβ1-42-induced signal transduction in glial cells. The interaction with RAGE could explain the broad ligand spectrum of formyl peptide receptors and their important role for inflammation and the host defence against infections.
The role of eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: S Al-Haddad
Journal: Gut (2005)

Numbers of activated eosinophils are higher in patients with active and inactive ulcerative colitis (UC) compared with controls, but higher in the quiescent than in the active phase, indicating that eosinophils may play diverse roles in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (proinflammatory versus repair)

Eosinophils are proinflammatory leucocytes that constitute a small percentage of circulating blood cells. In the healthy state, most of these cells reside in the gastrointestinal tract within the lamina propria of the stomach and intestine. They differentiate in the bone marrow from progenitor cells under the influence of interleukin (IL)-3, IL-5, and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. IL-5 also stimulates their release into the peripheral circulation.1 They then migrate to the gastrointestinal tract in response to eotaxin, a chemokine that is constitutively expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This chemokine binds to the CCR-3 receptor on eosinophils and is required for their homing to the gastrointestinal tract.2,3 However, constitutive expression of eotaxin is not sufficient for tissue eosinophil trafficking because some gastrointestinal segments (such as the tongue and oesophagus) express eotaxin but are normally devoid of eosinophils.1 So this may explain why the help of other cytokines is needed to complete the homing of eosinophils to the intestines. One such cytokine is IL-5, which increases the circulating pool of eosinophils and primes eosinophils to have enhanced responses to eotaxin.1

Eosinophils secrete toxic inflammatory mediators that are stored in preformed vesicles and also synthesised de novo following cellular activation. The major proteins secreted by eosinophils are eosinophilic cationic protein, major basic protein, eosinophil protein X, eosinophil derived neuroendotoxin, and eosinophil peroxidase. These cause damage to tissues, insert pores into membranes of target cells, and increase smooth muscle reactivity by generating toxic oxygen radicals.4 …
Hepatitis A: A Potentially Serious Disease
Authors: Sachin Yende
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 September 1998Hepatitis A: A Potentially Serious DiseaseSachin Yende, MB, BS and Dan Lancaster, MDSachin Yende, MB, BSMethodist LeBonheur Healthcare; Memphis, TN 38104Search for more papers by this author and Dan Lancaster, MDMethodist LeBonheur Healthcare; Memphis, TN 38104Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-6-199809150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We read with interest Willner and colleagues' report [1] on the recent hepatitis A epidemic in Tennessee, particularly the incidence of autoimmune hepatitis associated with hepatitis A. We report an unusual association of hepatitis A and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) seen during the epidemic reported by the authors.An 18-year-old man presented with a 3-day history of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, subjective fever, and dark urine. He had been healthy and had no history of recent travel, tick exposure, or respiratory illness. He denied taking any medications and had no history of alcohol, tobacco, or drug abuse. ...References1. Willner IR, Uhl MD, Howard SC, Williams EQ, Riely CA, Waters B. Serious hepatitis A: an analysis of patients hospitalized during an urban epidemic in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:111-7. Google Scholar2. Kleinmann Y, Friedmann G. Transient autoimmune thrombocytopenia associated with acute infectious hepatitis. Hepatogastroenterology. 1982; 29:144-5. Google Scholar3. Macedo G, Cardoso T, Bernardo L, Fontes C. Purpura: an unusual presentation of HAV infection. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1994; 18:258-9. Google Scholar4. Ibarra H, Zapata C, Inostroza J, Mezzano S, Reidmann S. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura associated with hepatitis A. Blut. 1986; 52:371-5. Google Scholar5. Cohen O, Meavorach D, Ackerman Z, Oren R. Thrombocytopenic purpura as a manifestation of acute hepatitis A. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1993; 17:166-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Sachin Yende, MB, BS; Dan Lancaster, MDAffiliations: Methodist LeBonheur Healthcare; Memphis, TN 38104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1998Volume 129, Issue 6Page: 506-507KeywordsAutoimmune hepatitisBilirubinBone marrowFeversHepatitis AMegakaryocytesPlateletsSerologySplenomegalyThorax ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Control of IL-5 production by human helper T cells as a treatment for eosinophilic inflammation: Comparison of in vitro and in vivo effects between selective and nonselective cytokine synthesis inhibitors
Authors: Akio Mori, Osamu Kaminuma, Koji Ogawa, Aya Nakata, Robert W Egan, Kazuo Akiyama, Hirokazu Okudaira
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Why Do Physicians Prescribe Antibiotics for Children With Upper Respiratory Tract Infections?
Authors: Benjamin Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Authorities investigate possible misuse of medical aid supplies in Haiti
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The Haitian government has started an investigation into claims that some public hospitals and private health facilities on the earthquake devastated island charged patients for donated drugs.

Mirta Roses, director of the Pan American Health Organization, said that Haiti’s ministry of health is taking the allegations seriously and investigating the claims of fees being collected “for services or medicines” given to patients in public hospitals that have received supplies free from the programme on essential medicines and supplies (PROMESS). 

Paul Garwood, the World Health Organization’s spokesman for health action in crises, told reporters that the agency was hearing …
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid peptidomics suggests a possible matrix metalloproteinase-3 role in bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Giovanni Vento, Chiara Tirone, Paola Lulli, Ettore Capoluongo, Franco Ameglio, Simona Lozzi, Francesco Cota, Fabio Mosca, Costantino Romagnoli, Irene Messana, Massimo Castagnola, Rosanna Inzitari
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
The Self-Healing "Cancer"
Authors: Frederick A. J. Kingery
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A nodular growth appeared on the wrist of a healthy man (Fig 1) and reached a diameter of 1.5 cm within three weeks. It was hard, red, and shiny with an umbilicated central plug. A small biopsy specimen taken from the edge of this lesion was interpreted as well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Excision of the entire lesion and consideration of the short duration allowed the pathologist to revise his diagnosis to keratoacanthoma. There was no further treatment, and the tumor did not recur. In another patient a tumor located at the right inner canthus attained the illustrated size (Fig 2) in one month. An initial pathologic diagnosis of cornifying squamous cell carcinoma was questioned when the pathologist was informed of the rapidity of growth. The well-differentiated appearance of the tissue suggested slow growth and was incompatible with the clinical course of the lesion. A diagnosis of keratoacanthoma was made by
A small cluster of Hodgkin's disease.
Authors: A R Evans, B W Hancock, M J Brown, J Richmond
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Nine cases of Hodgkin's disease and one of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia occurred in 1972-5 in an area of less than 1 km. Clinical, social, and drug histories provided no relevant information, and definite patient-to-patient contacts before the onset of disease were not established. There was a higher incidence of malignant neoplasms in first-degree relatives of the patients than in those of a small control group living in the same area. There was no apparent reason for this cluster of cases, but geographical, climatic, and entomological studies are being carried out.
Abstract 577: Combination therapy with arsenic trioxide and radiation in oral squamous carcinoma
Authors: Xinyan Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Objective: As a cancer therapeutic drug, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) was originally developed for promyelocytic leukemia. The emerging importance As2O3 in other solid tumors prompted extensive studies of mechanism of action of As2O3 in other types of cancer. Radiation is a commonly used therapeutic treatment for oral squamous carcinoma, while high dose radiation treatment is invasive with unwanted side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate if combined treatments with As2O3 and low dose radiotherapy could enhance the anti-tumor effects. Materials and Methods: Human oral squamous cell lines KB and Tca8113 and Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were irradiated in vitro with a dose of 7.5Gy with or without low to high doses of As2O3. Cell survival was assessed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was performed for the analysis of apoptosis. Tumor cell colony formation assay was detected in KB and Tca8113 cells and endothelial tube formation assay was evaluated in HUVEC. Nude mice xenografted animal model with oral cancer cells was established to evaluate the combination treatment efficacy of As2O3 and radiation. Results: As2O3 was able to enhanced radiation-induced tumor cell apoptosis and enhance radiation-induced inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and colony formation and endothelial cell tube formation. In vivo study, the combination treatment efficacy of As2O3 and radiation attained a significant decrease in the incidence of tumor development and tumor volume in nude mice. Conclusions: All these results suggested that As2O3 could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of low dose radiation treatment in vitro and in vivo in oral squamous carcinomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 577.
Exacerbation of Goodpasture's syndrome after inadvertent exposure to hydrocarbon fumes.
Authors: A M Keogh, L S Ibels, D H Allen, J P Isbister, M C Kennedy
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Exacerbation of Goodpasture's syndrome after inadvertent exposure to hydrocarbon fumes Circumstantial evidence suggests that an association exists between Goodpasture's syndrome and exposure to hydrocarbon fumes, but this exposure has been either heavy industrial exposure'-3 or due to abuse of hydrocarbon products.4We report a case indicating that Goodpasture's syndrome may occur in seemingly benign environments and may be reactivated by further exposure to hydrocarbons. CommentIn this case no other drug was taken and ketoconazole is therefore clearly implicated in potentiating the effect of warfarin.An extensive list of drugs capable of interacting with warfarin was recently re- on 8 July 2023 by guest.
Myeloproliferative disorders in portal vein thrombosis in adults
Authors: Tasmin A. Knox, Marshal M. Kaplan
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

In a prospective study of 33 adults with portal vein thrombosis unrelated to a liver tumor, we have assessed the prevalence of primary myeloproliferative disorders using conventional criteria and cultures of bone marrow progenitor cells. A primary myeloproliferative disorder was documented in 14 patients investigated at the time of recognition of portal vein thrombosis. Among these 14 patients, the main clue to the presence of the myeloproliferative disorder was (a) the observation of suggestive abnormalities of peripheral blood cell counts in 4 patients; (b) characteristic findings at bone marrow biopsy or determination of total red cell volume in 3 patients; and (c) formation of “spontaneous” erythroid colonies in cultures of bone marrow progenitor cells in erythro-poietin-poor medium in 7 patients. In 2 other patients, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with myelosclerosis of apparently recent onset developed 5 yr after recognition of portal vein thrombosis. In conclusion, primary myeloproliferative disorders–-in a full-blown or latent form, or at an early stage–-are a major cause of portal vein thrombosis.
Differential regulation of liver P-450III cytochromes in choline-deficient rats: Implications for the erythromycin breath test as a parameter of liver function
Authors: Joseph C. Kolars, Scott A. Murray, Ken M. Peters, Paul B. Watkins
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Progressive liver fibrosis in rats develops when they are fed a diet deficient in choline. This diet also results in a pronounced and selective decrease in the liver microsomal content of a phase I drug—metabolizing enzyme belonging to the cytochrome P-450III gene family. Because P-450III cytochromes characteristically catalyze the N -demethylation of erythromycin, we believed that the production of breath CO 2 from erythromycin would be dramatically reduced in choline-deficient rats. However, when 12 choline-deficient rats were compared with 9 control rats, the reduction in CO 2 production from erythromycin (mean decrease 71%) was essentially identical to that from aminopyrine (mean decrease 69%), a substrate believed to be metabolized normally by the hepatocyte in fibrotic liver disease. Furthermore, we found that the relative erythromycin and aminopyrine demethylase activities were comparable when measured in vitro in liver microsomes prepared from the choline-deficient rats. To determine the molecular basis for the erythromycin demethylase activity in the choline-deficient rats, the liver microsomes were subjected to immunoblot analysis using a variety of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies capable of distinguishing individual P-450III—related proteins. Our studies confirm that a major erythromycin demethylase belonging to the P-450III family, termed P-450p, was greatly reduced in the choline-deficient rat liver. However, the specific concentration of a second P-450p—related protein was essentially normal and that of a third P-450p—related protein was actually increased in the choline-deficient rat liver. These changes occurred over weeks and months on the choline-deficient diet and are not consistent with “feminization” of the liver. The P-450p—related proteins appeared to catalyze erythromycin demethylase activity because antibodies recognizing them inhibited the majority (62%) of this activity in choline-deficient rat microsomes. Finally, RNA extracted from choline-deficient rat livers was hybridized on Northern blots with synthetic oligonucleotide probes that identify the only two known rat P-450III cDNAs, PCN-1 and PCN-2. Prolonged choline deficiency appeared to have no consistent effects on expression of these RNA species. We conclude that despite the down-regulation of a major erythromycin demethylase, this catalytic activity is relatively preserved in the choline-deficient rat, at least in part because of differential regulation of P-450III cytochromes. Erythromycin therefore appears to offer little advantage over aminopyrine as a substrate for assessing liver function in this model of chronic liver disease. (HEPATOLOGY 1990;12:1371-1378).
Isolating patients in hospital to control infection. Part I--Sources and routes of infection.
Authors: K D Bagshawe, R Blowers, O M Lidwell
Journal: BMJ (1978)

The virtual disappearance of many infectious diseases has not removed the need to isolate patients.Sporadic cases and occasional outbreaks of the classical infectious diseases still occur.Moreover, the need for isolation has been recognised for other types of patients, such as those suffering from viral hepatitis and various hospital-acquired infections and for those who need protection while their defences against infection are impaired by disease or by treatment with cytotoxic or immuno- suppressive drugs.In many older hospitals patients who need isolating have to be nursed in parts of a general ward unit set aside for that purpose.In newer hospitals isolation units are being built to replace the specialist infectious diseases hospitals.Both these arrangements introduce-in different degrees-the problems of caring for infective and susceptible patients in the same physical and nursing environment.In any part of a hospital the bacterio- logical factors that determine success or failure of isolation are in a constant state of flux, which makes the practice of isolation and its evaluation very difficult.
Book Review Wider Than the Sky: The Phenomenal Gift of Consciousness By Gerald M. Edelman. 201 pp., illustrated. New Haven, Conn., Yale University Press, 2004. $24 (cloth); $15 (paper). 0-300-10229-1 (cloth); 0-300-10761-7 (paper).
Authors: Steven Laureys
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)