tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
QUANTITATIVE CHANGES IN HEPATIC GLYCOGEN IN ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
Authors: F. I. O'NEILL
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Following our<sup>1</sup>demonstration that the giving off of toxic products by the liver is the physiologically dominant initial factor in canine anaphylaxis, we have begun a study of chemical changes in the canine liver during anaphylactic shock. Among other things, we have followed the changes in hepatic glycogen. <h3>NORMAL LIVERS</h3> The normal canine liver has a fairly constant glycogen content. Stained by Best's carmin method, the parenchyma is usually seen to be fairly well filled with red granules. The granules are usually largest and most numerous in the central portions of the hepatic lobules. Occasionally a narrow peripheral zone is free from granules. Quantitative glycogen determinations were made by the official method adopted by the American Agricultural Chemists. From a 300 gm. normal canine liver, from 16 to 20 gm. of glycogen could usually be isolated by this method, after fifteen minutes' ether anesthesia. <h3>SHOCK LIVERS</h3> Livers were removed
SIR D'ARCY POWER
Authors: W. R. LeFanu
Journal: JAMA (1942)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> With the approval of his son, Air Commodore Power, I am collecting material for a life of the late Sir D'Arcy Power. I shall be grateful if any of your readers who possess letters from Sir D'Arcy or other relevant material will be kind enough to send me copies. Originals, if lent, would be copied and immediately returned.
P06.14 * MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION OF MENINGIOMA WITH METASTASES IN YOUNG WOMAN
Authors: G. Simonetti, P. Gaviani, A. Innocenti, A. Botturi, B. Pollo, M. Marchetti, E. Lamperti, F. DiMeco, A. Silvani
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Meningioma is a common intracranial tumor derived from meningothelial cells; its frequency is around 13-26 % of all primary intracranial tumors. Most meningiomas are benign (grade 1) and are associated with a good outcome. However, malignant behavior such as metastatic disease has also been described, with extra-cranial metastases reported sporadically. In this report we present a rare case of non-CNS metastases of malignant meningioma. In 1990 a young woman of 25 years old, underwent a complete resection of a large parasagittal meningoendothelial grade I meningioma. Well-being was observed during 20 years. Then in a few months, the patient became confused with episodes of spatial and temporal disorientation. A brain MRI revealed a local recurrence, and a second resection was performed, with diagnosis of “atypical meningioma with dural infiltration, nerve tissue and presence of foci of necrosis”. No other treatments were performed at that moment. One year later, in 2011, a voluminous recurrence was detected and a third resection was accomplished (histological diagnosis of “rhabdoid meningioma”). At that time a conformational radiation therapy, for a total of 38 Gy, and stereotactic radiotherapy, for a total of 12 Gy, were performed. Patient was clinically and radiologically stable until September 2012, when a MRI showed a pathological enhancing nodule in superior sagittal sinus, treated with CyberKnife. After one year, a significant cerebral lesion was detected again and it was decided to surgically remove it. However, during preoperative assessment, the chest x-ray showed, in right inferior lobe, a pulmonary parenchyma consolidation. Subsequent bronchoscopy suggested the presence of aspergillosis infection, then treated with specific antimycotic therapies, without any improvement. A fibrobronchoscopy with biopsy and bronchial washing allowed to obtain the histological examination of the pulmonary lesion, compatible with anaplastic meningioma. Meantime an abdominal CT showed systemic involvement at splenic and renal level. For this reason a chemotherapy with hydroxyurea was began without response. Sandostatin treatment was promptly started in consideration of somatostatin receptors expression, with the addition of temozolomide treatment, unfortunately with poor results. To date, patient is still alive, with important clinical and neurological deterioration, rapid growth of tumor and metastases. The uncommon ability of a brain tumor, both low and high grade or benign and malignant, to metastasize out of CNS and the incapacity to ensure a proper treatment to date, make it necessary to identify the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the process, to provide in the future specific and effective medical care.
Screening for Kidney Disease With Radioisotopes
Authors: Robert A. Nordyke
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Screening for unilateral kidney disease has been simplified by the use of radioisotopes. Renography is nearly ideal for searching through large groups of patients to find the relatively few with important lesions. Among categories of patients effectively screened are those with hypertension and those with abdominal or back pain. A study of apparently well men suggests that renography may be an important addition to the routine medical checkup. Renal scanning and renography used together are more effective in finding disease than either alone. However, present radiation levels require that the scan be used on a selective basis. Faster scanning and isotopes with shorter half-life will soon allow consideration of the combination for screening on a more widespread basis.
Fibrinogen is required for maintenance of platelet intracellular and cell-surface P-selectin expression
Authors: Hong Yang, Sean Lang, Zhimin Zhai, Ling Li, Walter H. A. Kahr, Pingguo Chen, Jelena Brkić, Christopher M. Spring, Matthew J. Flick, Jay L. Degen, John Freedman, Heyu Ni
Journal: Blood (2009)
Axes I and II Comorbidity and Treatment Experiences in Eating Disorder Subjects
Authors: Gabriella Franca Milos, Anja Margareta Spindler, Claus Buddeberg, Aureliano Crameri
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2003)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The present study determined the psychiatric comorbidity of Axes I and II in a sample of subjects with eating disorders (EDs). The objective was to investigate associations between comorbidity and current and past treatment. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; In a sample of 248 women (77 anorexia nervosa, 137 bulimia nervosa, 34 eating disorders not otherwise specified), psychiatric comorbidity of Axes I and II was determined with the Structured Clinical Interview of DSM-IV. Current and past treatment since ED onset were also assessed. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; High levels of psychiatric comorbidity were found in the total sample (71% Axis I and 68% Axis II). Only 17% of cases had no psychiatric comorbidity. Anxiety (52%) and affective disorders (50%) were the most common Axis I diagnoses. Personality disorders of Clusters C (52%) and B (23%) were most common for Axis II. Twenty-one percent of participants who were not in treatment at the time had a history of inpatient treatment, and an additional 59% had a history of outpatient treatment. Thirty-eight percent of participants currently in outpatient treatment had a history of inpatient treatment. Participants with multiple comorbidity (Axes I and II) had the highest proportion of cases who had been treated by health professionals. Higher levels of comorbidity were associated with experiences in more intense treatment settings (ranging from no treatment to inpatient treatment). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; ED subjects with greater comorbidity require more treatment encounters and more intense treatment settings. The association between comorbidity and treatment experiences may represent a bias in the assessment of comorbidity when samples with heterogeneous treatment history are recruited.
A Potpourri of Scans
Authors: Harriet S. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
France to promote sales of generic drugs
Authors: Alexander Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The results of a survey released by the French social security administration last week show that only 3.1% of drugs sold in the country are generic drugs.

The government is now proposing legislation to bring the sales of generics closer to the average level in other developed countries, in the hope of saving billions of francs a year.

Sales of drugs account for more than 20% of health costs in France. The social security administration, which reimburses patients all or …
BONE CYSTS.A CONSIDERATION OF THE BENIGN AND ADAMANTINE DENTIGEROUS CYSTS OF THE JAW AND BENIGN CYSTS OF THE LONG PIPE BONES.
Authors: JOSEPH C. BLOODGOOD
Journal: JAMA (1904)

removing the window and allowing the bladder to empty.Turn on the water, replace the window and resume the examination.This may be repeated many times in an ulcerated, contracted bladder, or in one which is freely bleeding, and makes possible a satisfactory examination of any bladder.Three years' use of the above technic, with air inflat¬ ing cystoscopes, justifies its recommendation as a safe, simple and practical method.
Relicensure and Recertification
Authors: Howard L. Horns
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A commitment to the maintenance of professional competence by a continuing educational process is nothing new to medicine. It has been the motivating force for the formation of professional societies including the American Medical Association, for the launching of an imposing number of professional journals as well as the development of postgraduate programs, both by professional societies and by educational institutions. The attendance at meetings, continuing education courses, and refresher seminars all indicate wide interest by many practitioners in remaining currently informed about new developments in medicine.  Individual motivation has been augmented by organizational requirements for participation in postgraduate training. The first such program was launched by the American Academy of General Practice (now the American Academy of Family Practice). More recently, nine state medical associations have adopted systems requiring the acquisition of educational credits as a condition for continued membership. Other encouragement has been offered by such accolades as
Subacute cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction.
Authors: P G Mahoney, B V Slesser, D F Baignent, P J Humber, P R Slade, C W Lawson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Although cells firing at tremor frequency, called “tremor cells” (Guiot et al., 1962), have often been recorded in the thalamus of parkinsonian patients, the extent of correlation between these spike trains and tremor has rarely been assessed quantitatively. This paper describes spectral cross-correlation functions calculated between the activity of “tremor cells” and electromyogram (EMG) signals recorded from several muscles in the contralateral arm. The power occurring in the spike train at tremor frequency was described in absolute terms by the spike autopower, and in relation to the average for all spectral components by the spike autopower signal-to-noise ratio (spike autopower SNR). The probability of significant cross-correlation between the thalamic spike train and EMG at tremor frequency was assessed by the coherence at tremor frequency. Autopower spectra of the activity of many of these cells exhibited a concentration of power at tremor frequency, indicated by spike autopower SNRs as high as 18. Of the EMG signals studied, signals recorded from finger flexors were most often significantly correlated at tremor frequency. Significant correlation between the thalamic spike train and finger flexor EMG activity was found in 34% of cells analyzed. Tremor frequency coherence was significantly correlated with tremor frequency spike autopower (r = 0.46, p less than 0.0001) and spike autopower SNR (r = 0.533, p less than 0.0001). The proportion of cells with a spike autopower SNR greater than 2 that were significantly correlated with finger flexor EMG activity was greater than that of cells with a spike autopower SNR of less than 2 (p less than 0.001; chi-square). Therefore, cells exhibiting a large amount of power at tremor frequency were those best correlated with EMG activity during tremor. Some of these cells may be involved in the generation of tremor.
Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Alters Mitochondrial Membrane Lipids
Authors: Ferry Sandra, Mauro Degli Esposti, Kenneth Ndebele, Philimon Gona, David Knight, Magnus Rosenquist, Roya Khosravi-Far
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been shown to have selective antitumor activity. TRAIL induces ubiquitous pathways of cell death in which caspase activation is mediated either directly or via the release of apoptogenic factors from mitochondria; however, the precise components of the mitochondrial signaling pathway have not been well defined. Notably, mitochondria constitute an important target in overcoming resistance to TRAIL in many types of tumors. Bid is considered to be fundamental in engaging mitochondria during death receptor–mediated apoptosis, but this action is dependent on mitochondrial lipids. Here, we report that TRAIL signaling induces an alteration in mitochondrial membrane lipids, particularly cardiolipin. This occurs independently of caspase activation and primes mitochondrial membranes to the proapoptotic action of Bid. We unveil a link between TRAIL signaling and alteration of membrane lipid homeostasis that occurs in parallel to apical caspase activation but does not take over the mode of cell death because of the concurrent activation of caspase-8. In particular, TRAIL-induced alteration of mitochondrial lipids follows an imbalance in the cellular homeostasis of phosphatidylcholine, which results in an elevation in diacylglycerol (DAG). Elevated DAG in turn activates the δ isoform of phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase C, which then accelerates the cleavage of caspase-8. We also show that preservation of phosphatidylcholine homeostasis by inhibition of lipid-degrading enzymes almost completely impedes the activation of pro-caspase-9 while scarcely changing the activation of caspase-8.
Effect of antiretroviral therapy on liver-related mortality in patients with HIV and hepatitis C virus coinfection
Authors: Naztfa Qurishi, Christina Kreuzberg, Guido Lüchters, Wolfgang Effenberger, Bernd Kupfer, Tilman Sauerbruch, Jürgen K Rockstroh, Ulrich Spengler
Journal: The Lancet (2003)
Impact of Upgrade to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Ventricular Arrhythmia Frequency in Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Cengiz Ermis, Ryan Seutter, Alan X. Zhu, Lauren C. Benditt, Laura VanHeel, Scott Sakaguchi, Keith G. Lurie, Fei Lu, David G. Benditt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Cigarette smoking: a risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: K B Baumgartner, J M Samet, C A Stidley, T V Colby, J A Waldron
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

We conducted a multicenter case-control study of clinically and histologically diagnosed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease of unknown cause. The study included 248 cases, and 491 control subjects identified through random-digit dialing, matched to cases in sex, age, and geographic region. Telephone interviews were conducted with both cases and controls to collect information on potential risk factors for IPF, including smoking and household, occupational, and environmental exposures. Pulmonary function tests, X-rays, computed tomographic (CT) scans of the chest, and lung biopsy reports were submitted by referring centers to support the diagnoses. An a priori hypothesis that smoking is associated with IPF was examined with conditional logistic regression analyses. More cases (72%) than control subjects (63%) had a history of ever smoking. The odds ratio (OR) for ever smoking was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.1 to 2.4). Risk was significantly elevated for former smokers (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3 to 2.9) and for smokers with 21 to 40 pack-yr (OR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.3 to 3.8). A history of smoking is associated with an increased risk for the development of IPF. Although there was no clear exposure-response pattern with cumulative consumption of cigarettes, there was a trend for time since cessation of smoking, with the highest risk for those who had most recently quit.
Mapping cold virus structure may expand therapeutic strategies
Authors: Chris Anne Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1986)

After centuries of more or less ineffectual skirmishing, investigators are now bringing in the heavy artillery to battle the common cold. Using high energy x-rays, they are bombarding cold viruses and shedding light on their previously unmapped topography. Calling on techniques of macromolecular crystallography, investigators at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind, and the University of Wisconsin, Madison, hope to use their map of one cold virus to find new and better ways to pierce the biochemical armor of an elusive enemy. Recently, Purdue's Michael G. Rossman, PhD, and Wisconsin's Roland R. Rueckert, PhD, announced they had determined the three-dimensional structure of rhinovirus 14 (RV-14), the first animal virus to be so mapped (<i>Nature</i>1985;317:145-153). The virus looks like a miniature soccer ball, "a sphere with an outside protein coat in an icosahedral arrangement," as Rossman explains it. Each side is composed of three identical triangles of proteins; the surface proteins
Treatment of Lincomycin-Caused Diarrhea-Reply
Authors: E. Novak
Journal: JAMA (1976)

When this study was initiated (1970-1971), the frequency of lincomycin-associated diarrhea was unappreciated, and the common practice for those patients exhibiting diarrhea while on lincomycin therapy was to continue the antibiotic and to add an antidiarrheal agent (eg, atropine-diphenoxylate). In our communication, we did not suggest the use of atropine-diphenoxylate or codeine as prophylactic agents in lincomycin-associated diarrhea. Clinical studies suffer from the universal problem of patients who drop out and missing data. We consider the dropout rate in a study of this size to be rather low. We agree that we should have stated in the article that those subjects who had missing stool data were not included in the total numbers as shown in the table. Also, we should have stated that seven subjects dropped out of the study, one was paroled, and six had nausea or vomiting and did not want to continue. Not one
Palmitoylation of δ-catenin by DHHC5 mediates activity-induced synapse plasticity
Authors: G Stefano Brigidi, Yu Sun, Dayne Beccano-Kelly, Kimberley Pitman, Mahsan Mobasser, Stephanie L Borgland, Austen J Milnerwood, Shernaz X Bamji
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
Organophosphates do cause long term damage
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A High Court judge has made the first finding in a British court that exposure to organophosphates causes long term damage.

Mrs Justice Smith found that a Peterborough farm worker, John Hill, had experienced persistent neuropsychological and neurobehavioural effects from two exposures to the insecticide Actellic-D, whose active constituent is pirimiphos-methyl.

The judge also accepted the view of Peter Behan, professor of neurology at Glasgow University, that the exposures had caused Mr Hill to develop a condition similar to the chronic fatigue syndrome. But she dismissed claims by another of Mr Hill's experts, Goran Jamal, also of Glasgow University, that organophosphates cause long term peripheral neuropathy and abnormalities of the autonomic system. …
Preoperative Disinfection of Surgeons' Hands: Use of Alcoholic Solutions and Effects of Gloves on Skin Flora
Authors: E. J. L. Lowbury, H. A. Lilly, G. A. J. Ayliffe
Journal: BMJ (1974)

A single application of about 10 ml of 95% alcoholic chlorhexidine (0·5%) or tetrabrom-o-methyl phenol (0·1%) rubbed on to the hands until they were dry led to mean reduction in viable bacterial counts from standard handwashings of 97·9 ± 1·09% and 91·8 ± 4·63% respectively. After six of such treatments, three on each of two successive days, the mean reductions in relation to viable counts before the first treatment were 99·7 ± 0·09% for alcoholic chlorhexidine and 99·5 ± 0·17% for tetrabrom-o-methyl phenol. These reductions were greater than those obtained with 4% chlorhexidine detergent solution— 87·1 ± 3·5% and 98·2 ± 1·6%, and with 95% or 70% ethyl alcohol and with aqueous 0·5% chlorhexidine. Preoperative washing of the surgeon9s hands with alcoholic chlorhexidine used without addition of water is more effective and less expensive than handwashing with antiseptic detergent preparations and running water. The viable counts of washings from hands treated with various antiseptics, including ethyl alcohol, were lower in relation to the pretreatment levels when gloves had been worn for three hours than when samples for counts were taken immediately after the antiseptic treatment. No such difference was found in samplings from hands washed with unmedicated soap. Tests for residual action of antiseptics on the skin showed a greater effect with alcoholic chlorhexidine than with tetrabrom-o-methyl phenol, though both showed greater residual activity than an Irgasan DP 300 detergent preparation. No residual action was shown after 70% ethyl alcohol.