tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Irreversible pulmonary changes induced in rat lung by dust overload.
Authors: B Bellmann, H Muhle, O Creutzenberg, R Mermelstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the effects of dust overload are reversible upon cessation of subchronic exposure to test toner. Female rats were exposed 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 3 months to a test toner at 0, 10, and 40 mg/m3. The retained quantity of test toner in the lungs at the end of exposure was 0.4 and 3.0 mg for the low and high exposure groups, respectively. Fifteen months later, the corresponding values were 0.12 and 2.65 mg in the lungs. Alveolar clearance of tracer aerosols as well as cytologic and enzymatic parameters in the bronchoalveolar fluid was investigated at the end of exposure and subsequently up to 15 months later. The alveolar clearance of 59Fe2O3, 51Cr-polystyrene, and 85Sr-polystyrene tracer aerosols was slightly retarded at the low and substantially impaired at the high exposure level. At the low exposure level, there was some recovery in the clearance behavior up to 6 months after exposure. In contrast, at the high exposure level there was no indication of a reversal of the impaired clearance. For the beta-glucuronidase activity and the number of polymorphonuclear cells, the pattern of the effects was similar to the effects on the half-time tracer particle clearance. In conclusion, the dust overload at a lung burden of 3 mg test toner in rats was persistent for at least 15 months after termination of exposure.
Abstract 4451: The effects of anthocyanins from the fruit of <i>Vitis coignetiae Pulliat</i> on NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expressions in human lung cancer cells
Authors: Won Sup Lee, Min Jeong Kim, Jeong Won Yun, Jing Nan Lu, Myung Hee Kang, Hun Gu Kim, Dong Chul Kim, Hae Gyeong Kim, Yun Koung Lee, Jae-Hoon Jeong, Yung Hyun Choi, GonSup Kim, Chung Ho Ryu, Ok Jin Park, Sung Chul Shin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (Meoru in Korea) has been used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases and various cancers. We isolated anthocyanins from Meoru. We previously suggested that anthocyanins from fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (Meoru in Korea) should have anti-invasive effects through suppression of NF-κB activation. Here, we investigated their effects on NF-κB-regulated gene products and cellular responses in human lung cancer cells. The anthocyanins inhibited NF-κB activation in a dose-dependent manner. TNF-α augmented proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells. The anthocyanins inhibited the augmented proliferation, migration and invasion of the cancer cells by TNF-α. We also found that the anthocyanins suppressed NF-κB-regulated proteins involved in caner proliferation, metastasis and anti-apoptosis. The anthocyanins inhibit NF-κB activity by inhibiting IκBα phosphorylation. Taken together, this study suggested that the anthocyanins isolated from fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat inhibit the NF-κB activation and downstream proteins, which may be a factor in their anticancer activities of fruit of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat. Keywords: anthocyanins, Vitis coignetiae Pulliat, NF-κB, cancer * This study was supported by a grant from the National R&amp;D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family affairs, Republic of Korea (0820050) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4451.
THE PREPARATION AND SOME PROPERTIES OF PENICILLENIC ACID DERIVATIVES RELEVANT TO PENICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY
Authors: Charles W. Parser, Alain L. deWeck, Milton Kern, Herman N. Eisen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

A number of penicillenate and penicilloyl derivatives potentially useful in the study of penicillin hypersensitivity have been prepared and some of their properties described.
Beta 2-microglobulinaemia as index of diminishing renal function in diabetics.
Authors: M S Knapp, I Trimble
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Beta2-microglobulinaemia as index of diminishing renal function in diabetics SIR,-The careful studies of Dr G C Viberti and his colleagues at Guy's Hospital (10 January, p 95) produced much interesting information but were, in our opinion, overinterpreted by the authors.The widespread introduction of f,2-microglobulin for assessing renal function in diabetic patients would be expensive and, on the evidence presented, premature.The suggestion that plasma 9,-microglobulin will detect cases of renal involvement in diabetics earlier than existing methods is not substantiated by the information presented.The diabetic patients studied had already been selected by the use
National Blood Service can provide useful data for antenatal detection of HIV
Authors: E. Boxall, J. Kurtz
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Cliffe et al investigated the value of antenatal screening for HIV and the role it has in reducing perinatal transmission of HIV.1 The National Blood Service offers antenatal HIV screening linked to its traditional antenatal red cell serology service, and consequently it can provide useful data in a timely fashion on the prevalence of this infection in the antenatal population …
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment in insulin-dependent diabetic patients: a comparison with conventional optimized treatment in a long-term study
Authors: G. Calabrese, A. Bueti, F. Santeusanio, A. Giombolini, G. Zega, G. Angeletti, M. G. Cartechini, P. Brunetti
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

The effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) by portable pump (Microjet MC2, Miles) and conventional optimized insulin therapy (OCT) on metabolic control were compared in a group of five insulin-dependent diabetic patients. A group of seven normal volunteers was examined as control. CSII treatment consisted of a basal insulin infusion and three boluses of 60 min, starting 30 min before each main meal. OCT was characterized by three daily s.c. insulin injections: regular insulin before breakfast and lunch, regular plus lente before dinner. Two protocols of study were performed. In the first one the metabolic (blood glucose, NEFA, 3-beta-OH-butyrate) and hormonal (free insulin, pancreatic glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone) profiles were examined in the hospital with the patients connected to a "blood glucose monitor," after 45 days of OCT and CSII treatment, respectively. In the course of CSII treatment, a better blood glucose profile was observed than during OCT (OCT: MBG = 162 +/- 18 mg/dl, M = 43 +/- 11, MAGE = 151 +/- 26 mg/dl. CSII: MBG = 133 +/- 8 mg/dl, M = 29 +/- 5, MAGE = 138 +/- 19 mg/dl: P less than 0.05), although the indices remained higher than in normal subjects (MBG = 85 +/- 3 mg/dl, M = 0.98 +/- 0.18, MAGE = 49 +/- 3.6 mg/dl). CSII treatment was also associated with an improvement of NEFA and 3-beta-OH-butyrate profiles. Plasma "free" insulin (IRI) ranged between 18.2 +/- 5.4 and 32 +/- 5.5 microU/ml during CSII. Plasma glucagon (IRG) concentration after overnight fast was 195 +/- 65 pg/ml and 220 +/- 55 pg/ml during OCT and CSII treatment, respectively, with minor changes throughout the day. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Müllerian Inhibiting Substance as a Marker for Ovarian Sex-Cord Tumor
Authors: Michael L. Gustafson, Mary M. Lee, Robert E. Scully, Ashby C. Moncure, Toshio Hirakawa, Annekathryn Goodman, Howard G Muntz, Patricia K. Donahoe, David T. MacLaughlin, Arlan F. Fuller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

MuLLERIAN inhibiting substance is a glycoprotein hormone produced by fetal Sertoli cells that causes regression of the mullerian ducts in males during sexual differentiation.1 2 3 Serum concentrations of this hormone remain high in boys for several years, but then decline by puberty.4 During normal female development, in the absence of mullerian inhibiting substance, the mullerian ducts give rise to the fallopian tubes, uterus, and upper third of the vagina.1 Postnatally, granulosa cells also secrete this hormone,5 resulting in serum concentrations in pubertal girls and women that are similar to those in men. A potential role for mullerian inhibiting substance in the . . .
The first draft of DSM-V
Authors: A. Frances
Journal: BMJ (2010)

If accepted, will fan the flames of false positive diagnoses

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), published by the American Psychiatric Association, is the official method for making psychiatric diagnoses in the United States. It is also widely used around the world, particularly for research purposes. The current edition, DSM-IV, was published in 1994. The first draft of the next revision, DSM-V, was recently posted on the internet (www.dsm5.org) and was accompanied by considerable press fanfare and professional controversy.1

DSM-V has been in preparation for three years and is scheduled to appear in 2013. The work on DSM-V began with the unrealistic ambition of producing a paradigm shift in psychiatric diagnosis. The working groups preparing the various sections were encouraged to be innovative and to think “out of the box.”2 The criteria for making changes and the requirements were specified only recently and are fairly fluid.3 The whole process has also been criticised for being …
Plasma cells and the chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis of primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Toru Takahashi, Tomofumi Miura, Junichiro Nakamura, Satoshi Yamada, Tsutomu Miura, Masahiko Yanagi, Yasunobu Matsuda, Hiroyuki Usuda, Iwao Emura, Koichi Tsuneyama, Xiao-Song He, Eric M. Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

There has been increased interest in the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Although the vast majority of patients with this disease have anti-mitochondrial antibodies, there is no correlation of anti-mitochondrial antibody titer and/or presence with disease severity. Furthermore, in murine models of PBC, it has been suggested that depletion of B cells may exacerbate biliary pathology. To address this issue, we focused on a detailed phenotypic characterization of mononuclear cell infiltrates surrounding the intrahepatic bile ducts of patients with PBC, primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic hepatitis C, and graft-versus-host disease, including CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD38, and immunoglobulin classes, as well as double immunohistochemical staining for CD38 and IgM. Interestingly, CD20 B lymphocytes, which are a precursor of plasma cells, were found in scattered locations or occasionally forming follicle-like aggregations but were not noted at the proximal location of chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis. In contrast, there was a unique and distinct coronal arrangement of CD38 cells around the intrahepatic ducts in PBC but not controls; the majority of such cells were considered plasma cells based on their expression of intracellular immunoglobulins, including IgM and IgG, but not IgA. Patients with PBC who manifest this unique coronal arrangement were those with significantly higher titers of anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Conclusion : These data collectively suggest a role for plasma cells in the specific destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts in PBC and confirm the increasing interest in plasma cells and autoimmunity.
Degradation and intrahepatic compatibility of albumin-heparin conjugate microspheres
Authors: H.F.M. Cremers, R.F.E. Wotf, E.H. Blaauw, J.M. Schakenraad, K.H. Lam, P. Nieuwenhuis, R. Verrijk, G. Kwon, Y.H. Bae, S.W. Kim, J. Feijen
Journal: Biomaterials (1994)
Ethical Collection, Storage, and Use of Public Health Data
Authors: Lisa M. Lee, Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Estimated Daily Phthalate Exposures in a Population of Mothers of Male Infants Exhibiting Reduced Anogenital Distance
Authors: Kevin Marsee, Tracey J. Woodruff, Daniel A. Axelrad, Antonia M. Calafat, Shanna H. Swan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Phthalate diesters have been shown to be developmental and reproductive toxicants in animal studies. A recent epidemiologic study showed certain phthalates to be significantly associated with reduced anogenital distance in human male infants, the first evidence of subtle developmental effects in human male infants exposed prenatally to phthalates. We used two previously published methods to estimate the daily phthalate exposures for the four phthalates whose urinary metabolites were statistically significantly associated with developmental effects in the 214 mother-infant pairs [di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) , diethyl phthalate (DEP) , butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) , diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) ] and for another important phthalate [di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) ]. We estimated the median and 95th percentile of daily exposures to DBP to be 0.99 and 2.68 microg/kg/day, respectively ; for DEP, 6.64 and 112.3 microg/kg/day ; for BBzP, 0.50 and 2.47 microg/kg/day ; and for DEHP, 1.32 and 9.32 microg/kg/day. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reference doses for these chemicals are 100 (DBP) , 800 (DEP) , 200 (BBzP) , and 20 (DEHP) microg/kg/day. The median and 95th percentile exposure estimates for the phthalates associated with reduced anogenital distance in the study population are substantially lower than current U.S. EPA reference doses for these chemicals and could be informative to any updates of the hazard assessments and risk assessments for these chemicals.
Why conscious free will both is and isn't an illusion
Authors: Max Velmans
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Wegner's analysis of the illusion of conscious will is close to my own account of how conscious experiences relate to brain processes. But our analyses differ somewhat on how conscious will is not an illusion. Wegner argues that once conscious will arises it enters causally into subsequent mental processing. I argue that while his causal story is accurate, it remains a first-person story. Conscious free will is not an illusion in the sense that this first-person story is compatible with and complementary to a third-person account of voluntary processing in the mind/brain.
A multidisciplinary approach for improving services in primary care: randomised controlled trial of screening for haemoglobin disorders
Authors: M. Modell, B. Wonke, E. Anionwu, M. Khan, S. S. Tai, M. Lloyd, B. Modell
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To investigate the feasibility of improving screening for carriers of haemoglobin disorders in general practice by using a nurse facilitator to work with primary care teams and the relevant haematology laboratories; to identify problems in communication between all those involved in delivering the service, and to implement solutions. <b>Design:</b> Two year, practice based randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> North London area where 29% of residents and 43% of births are in ethnic groups at risk for haemoglobin disorders. <b>Subjects:</b> 26 of the 93 practices using the services of the area9s haematology laboratory agreed to take part and were randomly divided into control and intervention practices. <b>Main outcome measure:</b> Change in number of requests for screening tests for haemoglobin disorders made by control and intervention practices in baseline and intervention years. <b>Results:</b> The number of screening tests requested varied from 0-150 in the 93 practices in the baseline year. Study practices tended to have made a moderate number of requests (10-50) during this period. During the intervention year intervention practices made 292 more requests (99% increase) and control practices made 74 fewer requests (23% decrease; P=0.001 for difference in median change). Four practices, three of which were singlehanded, accounted for 75% of the increase. The number of requests from intervention practices, adjusted for baseline requests, was 3.2 times higher than control practices (P&lt;0.0001). <b>Conclusion:</b> General practitioners and practice nurses are willing to undertake a new genetic screening service (or expand an existing one) if they are persuaded that it benefits the health of a significant proportion of their practice population. They need appropriate tools (for example, information materials for carriers and groups at risk), and the laboratory must be sensitive to their needs. Preconceptional carrier screening and counselling need to be coupled with antenatal screening.
Use of interactive multimedia decision aids
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor—The results of Murray et al's two studies on interactive multimedia decision aids are compatible with the conclusions that both they1,2 and the author of the accompanying editorial3 draw: that such products are generally acceptable; that they lead to a substantial decrease in patients' decisional conflict; that the interactive nature of the software allows information to be personalised; that high technology decision aids, though expensive now, are likely to cost less per case in the future; that it does not much matter that the technology was obsolete and the evidence had moved on by the time the papers were published; and that such technologies should be introduced more widely.

However, the results are also compatible with the opposite conclusion: that most patients prefer not to use (or even try out) multimedia decision support aids (hence the disappointingly low recruitment); that the absolute difference made to decisional conflict and to the actual decision made was small; that the interactivity provided only limited personalisation of the information for variables such as age and could not mirror the complexity of real life decision making; that the apparent acceptability and usefulness of multimedia decision aids might be explained by the Hawthorne effect of new technologies in educational contexts; and that the favourable economic evaluations presented failed to take into account the massive cost and lengthy time course of developing the technology in the first place.

Murray et al's results show that both high technology software and the information it contains have a high chance of being obsolete by the time they are used. An emerging social science of information technology warns against extrapolating from resource rich, quantitative, and highly contextual research studies to the messy and under-resourced reality of real life.4 The introduction of high tech interactive decision aids is complex5; the next phase of research trials must surely include in-depth qualitative studies on precisely how and why patients and health professionals use (or choose not to use) these products.
The CIBA Collection of Medical Illustrations, vol 8: Musculoskeletal System, Part II
Authors: Thomas C. Benedek
Journal: JAMA (1991)

This is the second of three volumes planned to present the anatomy, physiology, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Part II deals with congenital disorders, tumors, rheumatic diseases, and joint replacement surgery. According to the introduction, this is the most profusely illustrated of the three parts. Like its 11 predecessors, which have been published irregularly since 1953, this volume is far more than the "collection of medical illustrations" promised by its title. Its most distinctive attributes are the numerous lucid paintings and diagrams by Dr Frank Netter, which are supplemented appropriately by excellently reproduced roentgenograms and photomicrographs in color. In addition, the integrated text provides an amazingly large amount of information, contributed by 31 experts of whom 22 are orthopedic surgeons. The most extensive of the four sections is devoted to congenital disorders. The text concisely covers pathogenesis, diagnostic clues and maneuvers, clinical manifestations, and treatment. A major gap is
The Physician's Mail
Authors: E. Goldenberg
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> There is a solution to the advertising and to the unnecessary mail that comes to us in great numbers (<b>199</b>:674,1967). Sometime during 1965 I became interested in the problems of medical advertising and samples. I started to check the mail personally and found that most of my samples were unsolicited. The advertising literature consisted of material printed regularly in medical literature, which was frequently brought in by salesmen. I asked several salesmen who visit regularly to stop the mail. Almost all of them explained that their mailings were effected by special outfits, and not by their companies. Taking a name off the list is expensive, and they protest doing it. I hoped that after Jan 1, 1966, the samples would decrease, especially in connection with the new law regarding amphetamines, barbiturates, etc. To my dismay, I found out that since samples did not have to be
Textbook of Travel Medicine and Health
Authors: C J Ellis
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Ed Herbert L Dupont, Robert Steffen B C Decker, £55, pp 600 ISBN

For millennia people have associated travel with illness. But only in this century has travel related illness become an issue for individuals rather than for masses travelling together for reasons of fight or flight and sharing in the resulting epidemics.

Mass individual travel really started in a big way in 1970 with the introduction of the Boeing 747 aircraft and has grown steadily ever since. At that time vaccination against typhoid and hepatitis A was already well established, and both diseases had been known since the first world war or earlier to be associated with foreign …
Treatment of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease — Strategies Based on Evidence
Authors: Philip A. Marsden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Anemia associated with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease is due, in large part, to reduced production of renal erythropoietin and abnormalities in extracellular-fluid volume homeostasis.1 Moreover, anemia and disordered salt and water handling, which usually manifest as hypertension, predict cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.2 The combination of early recognition and treatment to reduce increased blood pressure is known to improve outcomes. Thus, it is surprising, since highly effective therapies for anemia have been available for more than 20 years,3 that so little is known about whether the treatment of anemia has similar salutary . . .
1-123 Breast Uptake in a Young Primipara with Postpartum Transient Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: RAYMOND B. DUONG, MARIANO FERNANDEZ-ULLOA, MINDY K. PLANITZ, HARRY R. MAXON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

DUONG, RAYMOND B. M.D.; FERNANDEZ-ULLOA, MARIANO M.D.; PLANITZ, MINDY K. C.N.M.T; MAXON, HARRY R. M.D. Author Information