tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Updated Interim Efficacy Analysis and Long-term Safety of Abiraterone Acetate in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Without Prior Chemotherapy (COU-AA-302)
Authors: Dana E. Rathkopf, Matthew R. Smith, Johann S. de Bono, Christopher J. Logothetis, Neal D. Shore, Paul de Souza, Karim Fizazi, Peter F.A. Mulders, Paul Mainwaring, John D. Hainsworth, Tomasz M. Beer, Scott North, Yves Fradet, Hendrik Van Poppel, Joan Carles, Thomas W. Flaig, Eleni Efstathiou, Evan Y. Yu, Celestia S. Higano, Mary-Ellen Taplin, Thomas W. Griffin, Mary B. Todd, Margaret K. Yu, Youn C. Park, Thian Kheoh, Eric J. Small, Howard I. Scher, Arturo Molina, Charles J. Ryan, Fred Saad
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Role of Src Kinases in Neu-Induced Tumorigenesis: Challenging the Paradigm Using Csk Homologous Kinase Transgenic Mice
Authors: Rafal Kaminski, Radoslaw Zagozdzon, Yigong Fu, Pawel Mroz, Wei Fu, Seyha Seng, Shalom Avraham, Hava Karsenty Avraham
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Amplification of the HER-2/neu (ErbB2) gene is observed in ∼30% of human breast cancers, correlating with a poor clinical prognosis. Src kinases are also involved in the etiology of breast cancer, and their activation was suggested to be necessary for Neu-induced oncogenesis. To address whether Src activity is essential for Neu-mediated tumorigenesis, we used a physiologic inhibitor of Src kinase activity, the Csk homologous kinase (CHK), expressed as a mammary tissue-specific transgene. Our data, using a physiologic inhibitor of Src activity (CHK), showed that blocking of Neu-induced Src activity without altering Src expression levels had no significant effects on Neu-mediated mammary tumorigenesis in vivo. This contradicts the current paradigm that activation of Src kinases is essential for Neu-induced oncogenesis. This study is the first to distinguish between the kinase-dependent and kinase-independent actions of Src and shows that its kinase-dependent properties are not requisite for Neu-induced tumorigenesis. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(11): 5757-62)
Management of medical research. Who exactly is in charge?
Authors: J Harrow
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Council (MRC), finds himself when defending peer review is apparent in his letter' in response to my and Jenny Harrow's papers.2If he believes that our work should not have been published then he is a long way down the road to accepting the fallibility of the peer review system that allowed this, which is the very system he seeks to support.On the other hand, if he believes that peer review delivers the "right" answers then this too gives validity to our peer reviewed arguments about its shortcomings, suggesting that the MRC should give them deeper consideration than it has done.Rees is in danger of seeming to endorse peer review when its findings concur with his own while rejecting its outcomes if they are at odds with his views.
Immunology for Students of Medicine.
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Students of  it is worth pointing out, does not mean the same as  students. The latter, by definition, are trying to acquire their medical degree. The student of medicine, on the other hand, may be an active practitioner, but one who seriously concerns himself with the theories of medical science. We may indeed hope that medical practitioners remain lifelong  of medicine.  Any immunology book that aims at students of medicine faces a dual audience. The undergraduate who approaches the subject for the first time will presumably have a course of lectures and an instructor to explain any difficulties, and elucidate obscurities. The graduate practitioner, on the other hand, who has some out-of-date acquaintanceship with the subject and who wants to keep up with modern concepts, will not ordinarily have such an instructor but must derive his knowledge the hard way, from the printed page alone. The present
Interpreting Hoofbeats: Can Bayes Help Clear the Haze?
Authors: Stephen G. Pauker, Richard I. Kopelman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The physician of a 59-year-old man with a long history of mild, labile hypertension became concerned when, despite drug therapy, the patient's blood pressure remained persistently elevated, reaching levels as high as 180/120 mm Hg. He ordered a test of urinary vanilmandelic acid (VMA) excretion and was surprised when he received a report of 20.9 mg per day, a value twice the upper limit of normal.VMA is the end product of catecholamine metabolism, and its excretion is increased in a large proportion of patients with pheochromocytomas. When we collect 24-hour urine samples for VMA in hypertensive patients, especially those . . .
Reviews and Notes: Cardiology: Clinical Manual of Electrophysiology
Authors: David J. Callans
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine1 January 1994Reviews and Notes: Cardiology: Clinical Manual of ElectrophysiologyDavid J. Callans, MDDavid J. Callans, MDHospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-1-199401010-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Clinical Manual of ElectrophysiologyIgor Singer and Joel Kupersmith; eds. 453 pages. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1993. $68.00.Perhaps the most difficult job confronting the teacher is explaining a complicated field to the novice. The expert wants to describe the subtleties that he or she is personally excited about but often does not invest the time to construct for the student the background assimilated after decades of work.Although Clinical Manual of Electrophysiology, edited by Singer and Kupersmith, attempts to “provide an integrated textbook for the novice or the generalist,” it often falls short of its stated purpose. With several ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1994Volume 120, Issue 1Page: 94-95KeywordsCardiac electrophysiologyElectrophysiological techniquesFallsPacemakersSyncope ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Valvular Heart Disease in Pregnancy
Authors: Barbara J M Mulder, Otto P Bleker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

valves, pregnant patients (including those with maternal or fetal hemorrhage or potential teratogenicity), and patients with epidural bleeding was posted on January 9, 2002. 2 I also refer readers to Figure 4 and Table 6 of the meta-analysis by Dolovich et al., 3 which shows that the relative risk of major hemorrhage with the use of dalteparin, as compared with unfractionated heparin, is 0.31, and with enoxaparin, the relative risk is 1.60.
The teenager with epilepsy
Authors: P. E M Smith
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Even for healthy teenagers, coping with emerging adulthood is a major challenge. A chronic disability such as epilepsy simply magnifies the problems of adolescence, and the penalties for seizures at this time are far more severe than in childhood. Epilepsy and its treatment have a direct bearing on major aspects of lifestyle such as education and employment prospects, driving ability, the use of alcohol and recreational drugs, relationships, contraception, pregnancy, and parenthood. Self consciousness is paramount and deviations from peer group norms assume great importance: epilepsy can be disastrous for an adolescent's self esteem and sense of identity.

Adolescents with epilepsy are often caught between paediatric and adult medical disciplines, with neither service specifically addressing their needs. The Liverpool group advocates multidisciplinary consultations with a neurologist, paediatric neurologist, and specialist epilepsy nurse.1 Whatever the setting, the consultation must focus on the needs and independence of the teenager, with the parents taking a back seat. If possible, part of the consultation …
Philip Graham Leese
Authors: Harry Savage, Adam Dutton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former general practitioner Congleton, Cheshire (b Endon, Staffordshire, 1919; q Manchester 1945), died from prostate cancer on 23 August 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




After qualifying he took a post at the Jewish Hospital in Manchester before joining an established general practice in Congleton. He also trained as an anaesthetist and practised at the Congleton War Memorial Hospital and with local dental practitioners. He became occupational health medical officer for GEC and Siemens. He was also a medical examiner for the Civil Aviation Authority. He often produced some intriguing domestic gadgets, and his friends often regarded him as a failed engineer.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Portrait of a Child (Winter)&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Cancer of the Tongue at Hartford Hospital, 1931–1952
Authors: N. William Wawro, Albert Babcock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

CANCER of the tongue continues to rank as the most frequent intraoral neoplasm and accounts for about 2 per cent of all deaths from cancer. What is more distressing, five-year salvage rates for the more favorable and small lesions seldom exceed 66 per cent, and patients who have proved cervical-lymph-node metastases associated with the primary lingual carcinoma have a five-year survival of but 5 per cent. However, the over-all five-year survival from several clinics varies between 14 and 28 per cent.1 This is a distressing situation, particularly since we are dealing with a generally literate population, frequently exposed to appropriate . . .
Absorption and Excretion of "Penbritin"
Authors: E. T. Knudsen, G. N. Rolinson, S. Stevens
Journal: BMJ (1961)

PENBRITIN," A NEW PENICILLIN MEDICALJOURNAL .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EIAJOUNA be greater than that found with tetracycline and chlor- amphenicol.This is in marked contrast to the in vitro titres, where only small differences are found.We thank Mr. F. P.
Stability of Fibrin Contiguous to Intima of Veins
Authors: Dale L. Messer, D. Robert Celander, M. Mason Guest
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

A technique is described which employs an everted segment of canine jugular vein to study the effect of the intima on contiguous fibrin. Following eversion of the vein on a stainless steel rod of suitable dimensions, the vein was coated with a layer of fibrin by winding it onto the endothelial surface. The rate at which soluble Folin-Ciocalteu reactive material appeared in the incubated media of clots so prepared was significantly higher than that developed in systems containing either everted vein alone or fibrin alone. EACA suppressed the liberation of soluble tyrosine from contiguous fibrin but was without effect on the liberation of soluble Folin-Ciocalteu reactive material from the vein alone.
A ligand-receptor fusion of growth hormone forms a dimer and is a potent long-acting agonist
Authors: Ian R Wilkinson, Eric Ferrandis, Peter J Artymiuk, Marc Teillot, Chantal Soulard, Caroline Touvay, Sarbendra L Pradhananga, Sue Justice, Zida Wu, Kin C Leung, Christian J Strasburger, Jon R Sayers, Richard J Ross
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
Theophylline suppresses the release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha by blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages
Authors: M Spatafora, G Chiappara, AM Merendino, D D'Amico, V Bellia, G Bonsignore
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of theophylline on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release by human blood monocytes (BMo), and rat BMo and alveolar macrophages (AM). BMo and AM were incubated in the absence or presence of theophylline, and the cell-free supernatants were harvested and tested for TNF-alpha activity by bioassay. Theophylline dose-dependently reduced TNF-alpha release by human BMo: significant inhibition was observed at 100 microns (41 +/- 5.9% of controls) and at 50 microns (59 +/- 4.8% of controls), while the inhibitory activity of theophylline at 10 microns (71 +/- 8.9% of controls) was not statistically significant. This activity was maximal at 2 h and declined at 4 h (59 +/- 5.2% of controls) and 24 h (89 +/- 3.1% of controls). Northern analysis performed on ribonucleic acid (RNA) extracted from human BMo demonstrated that theophylline was able to reduce TNF-alpha gene expression. Comparable levels of inhibition of TNF-alpha release were observed on rat BMo and AM (rat BMo 42 +/- 4.9% of controls; rat AM 38 +/- 1.7% of controls), suggesting that BMo and AM are equally susceptible to suppression of TNF-alpha release induced by theophylline. These results indicate that theophylline suppresses TNF-alpha release by mononuclear phagocytes. Since TNF-alpha is involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma, our results suggest that the therapeutic activity of theophylline might be partly related to its effect on TNF-alpha release.
Abstract 20: Adiponectin increases VEGF expression and promotes angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma
Authors: Jhao-Sheng Shih, Chih-Hsin Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic mediator in tumors and has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Adiponectin is a protein hormone secreted by adipose tissue. We recently found that adiponectin increased metastasis in human chondrosarcoma. However, the effect of adiponectin on VEGF expression and angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here we found that adiponectin promoted VEGF expression in human chondrosarcoma and subsequently increased migration and tube formation in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Pretreatment of cells for 30 min with PI3K inhibitors (LY294002 and wortmannine), Akt inhibitor, mTOR inhibitor (Rapamycin) or HIF-1α inhibitor abolished adiponectin-induced VEGF expression, EPC migration and tube formation. In addition, transfection of cells with PI3K, Akt, mTOR, or HIF-1α siRNA also reduced adiponectin-induced VEGF expression, EPC migration and tube formation. Knockdown adiponectin decreased VEGF expression in vitro as well as angiogenesis effects the chick chorioallantoic membrane and matrigel-plug nude mice model in vivo. In addition, using xenograft tumor angiogenesis model, knockdown adiponectin significantly reduced tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis. Finally, we analyzed from chondrosarcoma patients by immunohistochemical staining and found that the expression of adiponectin and VEGF was significantly higher in chondrosarcoma tissue than normal cartilage. Taken together this study showed that adiponectin mediates VEGF expression and angiogenesis of human chondrosarcoma cells. One of the mechanisms underlying adiponectin induced VEGF expression and angiogenesis was activation of PI3K, Akt, mTOR and HIF1-α pathways. Citation Format: Jhao-Sheng Shih, Chih-Hsin Tang. Adiponectin increases VEGF expression and promotes angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 20. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-20
Cardiac Arrest After Intravenous Administration of Levothyroxine
Authors: Vicenzo Bacci
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  Myxedema coma is a medical emergency with high mortality. 1 The accepted treatment of this condition is immediate intravenous administration of thyroxine (T 4 ) in the form of levothyroxine sodium, and supportive measures. Survival improves when levothyroxine is administered promptly in large doses, even in patients with cardiac disease. 2 We have seen a case of cardiorespiratory arrest after intravenous administration of levothyroxine.  Report of a Case.—  A 63-year-old woman had development of hypothyroidism in the year before admission. On admission she was alert and responsive but confused. Her temperature was 35.7 °C orally; blood pressure, 120/80 mm Hg; pulse rate, 80 beats per minute; and weight, 64 kg. She had typical features of severe myxedema. The serum T 4 level was 1.2 μg/dL, with a triiodothyronine (T 3 ) resin uptake of 28% (normal, 4.7 to 12.2 μg/dL, and 25% to 35%, respectively), and levels of BUN
Beyond Flexner: Medical Education in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Alberto Galofré
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This book offers a feast for medical educators interested in the origins of today's medical education in the United States. Each of the dozen chapters delves into carefully selected issues, standing alone, complete with updated and annotated references. This collage allows for individual tastes to guide the order in which chapters may be read. However, I recommend that the introduction and initial chapter be read as a preamble to the rest of the book. The titles of the chapters are well chosen and reflect their content. As I write this review, the 1992 Olympic Games are in full force, and I am tempted to give some ratings of my own. A "10" goes to the chapters "Abraham Flexner in Historic Perspective," "The Growth and Divergence of the Basic Sciences," "Women in Medicine Since Flexner," "Abraham Flexner and the Black Medical Schools," "Clinical Education Since Flexner," and "Trends in the Financing
Using evidence based tools to manage chronic illness
Authors: D. M Bush
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Von Korff et al discussed how to organise care for chronic illness.1 Since 1993 we have used evidence based care tools that combine patients' needs, values, and perceptions with scientifically valid patient based assessments to measurably improve and maintain health related quality of life.

We routinely use the functional health assessment questionnaire (SF-36) and the Zung depression, Beck anxiety, and Epworth sleepiness scales. We …
Interaction Between Exercise Training and Ejection Fraction in Predicting Prognosis After a First Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Giuseppe Specchia, Stefano De Servi, Aldo Scire`, Jole Assandri, Carlo Berzuini, Luigi Angoli, Maria Teresa La Rovere, Franco Cobelli
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Although recent meta-analysis trials have shown that exercise training may improve survival after myocardial infarction, the mechanism of this beneficial effect is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to detect possible interactions between exercise training and predictors of prognosis after a first myocardial infarction.Patients with uneventful clinical courses after a first myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to a 4-week training period (125 patients, group 1) or to a control group (131 patients, group 2). Before randomization, all patients underwent a symptom-limited exercise test (28 +/- 2 days after myocardial infarction), 24-hour Holter monitoring, and coronary arteriography (31 +/- 3 days after the acute episode). After a mean follow-up period of 34.5 months, 18 patients had cardiac deaths (5 in group 1 and 13 in group 2). Multivariate analysis by Cox regression model showed that ejection fraction was the only independent prognostic indicator (P = .03). Evidence existed of an interaction between ejection fraction and exercise training, showing an effect of physical training on survival that depended on the patient's ejection fraction. Among patients with ejection fractions < 41%, the relative risk for an untrained patient was 8.63 times higher than for a trained patient (P = .04), whereas for ejection fractions > 40%, the estimated risks for trained and untrained patients were similar.These data show that exercise training may prolong survival in post-myocardial infarction patients with depressed left ventricular function. A randomized trial in such patients seems warranted.
A Follow-Up Study of the Community near the McColl Waste Disposal Site
Authors: Jane A. Lipscomb, Lynn R. Goldman, Kenneth P. Satin, Daniel F. Smith, William A. Vance, Raymond R. Neutra
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

To assess the effect of interim clean-up measures on the current health of a community, we conducted a follow-up survey of 193 residents living near the McColl waste disposal site and a comparison area located approximately 5 miles from the site. Results from this survey were compared with results from a similar survey conducted 7 years earlier. Odors were detected at least once per week by 32.7% of high-exposed respondents in 1988 compared with 68.5% in 1981, but prevalence odds ratios (PORs) comparing symptom reporting between high-exposed and comparison-area respondents were greater than that of the 1981 survey for 89% of symptoms. PORs comparing symptom reporting between these two areas were greater than 2.0 for 64% of symptoms assessed in the current survey. Symptoms reported in excess did not represent a single organ system or suggest a mechanism of response. PORs comparing respondents who were very worried about the environment and those reporting no worry were greater than 2.0 for 86% of symptoms. These finding, along with environmental data from the area, suggest that living near the waste disposal site and being very worried about the environment, rather than a toxicologic effect of chemical from the site, explain excess symptom reporting found in this follow-up study.
Phasing out State Hospitals — A Psychiatric Dilemma
Authors: Alvin Becker, Herbert C. Schulberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Whether state hospitals have a role in caring for mentally ill persons has been intensely debated for the past decade. During this time the inpatient census of public mental hospitals has fallen dramatically from 490,000 to 215,000 owing to increasingly effective treatment programs for acutely and chronically psychotic patients. The vast majority of patients currently cared for in state hospitals could be adequately treated in the community if a comprehensive spectrum of psychiatric services and residential alternatives were established. The failure to establish this network of community services before the discharge of thousands of patients has discredited the deinstitutionalization programs in many states, including California and New York, and forced California to abandon its plan to phase out all its state hospitals. Thus, although phase out of state hospitals is clinically feasible, it is unlikely at present since the fiscal and ideologic commitment to shift to community-based treatment is lacking.