tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Parenteral calcitonin for metabolic bone disease associated with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Andrea Crosignani, Pier Maria Battezzati, Walter Albisetti, Giuseppe Grandinetti, Luca Pietrogrande, Arianna Biffi, Massimo Zuin, Mauro Podda
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

No satisfactory treatment is available for metabolic bone disease associated with primary biliary cirrhosis. On the basis of the similarities to postmenopausal osteoporosis, the rationale exists for calcitonin to be tested in clinical studies in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis-associated osteoporosis. We evaluated the effect of calcitonin on bone metabolism and mineral density in 25 women with primary biliary cirrhosis and severe osteopenia. After 6 mo of observation, patients received a synthetic calcitonin or a control treatment consisting of less than one hundredth of the recommended dose of porcine calcitonin. The two treatments were administered in sequence to each patient for two 6-mo periods, with a 3-mo washout between them, according to a crossover design. After the observation period, oral calcium supplementation was started. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-photon absorptiometry of the lumbar spine at study entry and at the beginning and the end of each treatment period. During the observation period bone mineral density fell by 3.5% whereas during the following 6 mo it increased in both the patients who received calcitonin (4.3%) and those who received the control treatment (4.9%). Conversely, after the crossover, bone mineral density decreased during both calcitonin (-2.7%) and control treatment (-2.9%). A significant difference was observed between the two periods but not between the two treatments or between the two sequences of treatment administration. In conclusion, our findings indicate that parenterally administered calcitonin for 6 mo is ineffective in halting bone loss in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis-associated metabolic bone disease, whereas calcium supplementation may have a transient beneficial effect.
Retroperitoneal Bleeding and Hemodialysis
Authors: ROBERT J. SHALHOUB
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Comments1 June 1977Retroperitoneal Bleeding and HemodialysisROBERT J. SHALHOUB, M.D., F.A.C.P.ROBERT J. SHALHOUB, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-86-6-829_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the report of Drs. Milutinovich, Follette, and Scribner, "Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Bleeding in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis" (Ann Intern Med 86:189-192, 1977). We simply wish to point out that contrary to their statement that "there have been no reports of spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis treatment," we have previously reported this complication in two patients (1) and have subsequently observed it in an additional two. Unlike our colleagues' experience, femoral nerve compression with transient palsy was a prominent finding in two of our four patients.Since 1965, we have treated 205...Reference1. VANICHAYAKORNKULCIOFFIHARPER SRE: Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma: a complication of hemodialysis. JAMA 230:1164-1165, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. VANICHAYAKORNKULCIOFFIHARPER SRE: Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma: a complication of hemodialysis. JAMA 230:1164-1165, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MILUTINOVICHFOLLETTESCRIBNER JWB: Spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Ann Intern Med 86:189-192, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar1. TUTTLEMINIELLYFAY RJW: Spontaneous renal hemorrhage in chronic glomerular nephritis and dialysis. Radiology 98:137-138, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. TSAISHIMIZU SA: Spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage in patients on hemodialysis. Urology 5(4):523-525, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT J. SHALHOUB, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Renal Section Veterans Administration Hospital Washington, D.C. 20422 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAcquired cystic kidney disease in children undergoing long-term dialysis 1 June 1977Volume 86, Issue 6Page: 829-829KeywordsHemorrhageNervesParalysis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Rheumatic mitral stenosis in association with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return
Authors: J. M. Reid, R. S. Barclay, J. G. Stevenson, T. M. Welsh, N. McSwan
Journal: Thorax (1968)

An unusual case is presented, in which mitral stenosis was accompanied by a persistent left superior vena cava communicating through a venous channel with the left pulmonary veins. The pulmonary veins were normally connected to the left atrium, but, due to elevation of the left atrial pressure from the mitral valve lesion, pulmonary venous blood was directed up the left superior vena cava to reach the right atrium. Although from an anatomical viewpoint this did not constitute true anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, the condition behaved as such haemodynamically. It was only at operation that the diagnosis was firmly established, but after mitral valvotomy the abnormal venous channel was obliterated by simple ligation without incident.
Abstract 3919: Novel model to study NFkB driven resistance to endocrine treatment in breast cancer
Authors: Leen Sas, Steven Van Laere, Dieter Peeters, Melike Marsan, Eleni van Schooneveld, Filip Lardon, Peter van Dam, Luc Dirix, Peter Vermeulen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers are generally treated with endocrine therapy, but in a considerable fraction of patients resistance occurs. Previous research showed that nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) may play a role in the development of resistance to hormonal therapy. In this study, we investigated the role of NFkB, and its interaction with ER in the development of endocrine resistance by studying breast cancer cell lines with variable ER and NFkB activity. Material and methods: Three gene expression data sets of breast cancer cell lines (GSE12777: Hoeflich et al, 2009; GSE16795: Hollestelle et al, 2009; E-TAM-157: Neve et al, 2005) were retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus or ArrayExpress. The expression profiles were screened for ER and NFkB target genes to identify cell lines with strong and weak activation of ER and NFkB. Based on these activation profiles, 8 cell lines (MCF7, BT20, CAMA1, MDA-MB-361, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-134, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-436) with high and low ER and NFkB activation profiles were selected. Using qRT-PCR on RNA from these cell lines, the expression of 6 biomarkers for endocrine resistance (ADAMDEC1, ITK, ABAT, CLEC7A, ETS1 and STC2) were profiled. 18S and beta-Actin were used as housekeeping genes. Relative expression levels were analyzed in function of ER and NFkB activation. Results: There is a significant lower expression of ADAMDEC1 (P=0.011), ITK (P=0.012) and ETS1 (P&amp;lt;0.001) in the ER-positive cell lines compared to the ER-negative ones, while ABAT (P&amp;lt;0.001) and STC2 (P=0.049) are significant higher expressed in ER-positive cell lines. Comparison of ER-positive/NFkB-negative with ER-positive/NFkB-positive cell lines revealed a difference in expression in 3 of the 6 genes, namely ADAMDEC1 (P=0.037), ITK (P=0.013) and ABAT (P=0.014), showing a higher expression in the double positive cell lines. Conclusion: The construction of a set of breast cancer cell lines with different patterns of combined ER-NFkB activity is a useful tool to unravel the mechanism of ER and NFkB interaction leading to endocrine resistance. In this context, the number of cell lines will be expended. With respect to our data, the expression profiles of ADAMDEC1 and ITK were in line with the expected attenuated responsiveness of the NFkB-positive breast cancer cells to endocrine therapy and therefore might play a role in NFkB-driven resistance to endocrine therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3919. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3919
Professor Bovitansky's Autopsy
Authors: GEORGE DUNEA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Ad Libitum1 March 1983Professor Bovitansky's AutopsyGEORGE DUNEA, M.D.GEORGE DUNEA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-3-420 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSoon after his demise from a complicated case of hypergammaglobulinemia, Professor Bovitansky, chairman of pathology at Timeless University, decided he would like to have an autopsy. Contacting his personal guardian angel at the celestial office for pathological affairs, he pointed out that autopsies were a time-honored way of rounding off our little terrestrial sleep, being essential to patient care, to research, and to education. He told of the need to verify the clinician's diagnosis and to check that the right treatment had been given; and for good measure he threw in such extra titbits as relieving the family's guilt, finding... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1983Volume 98, Issue 3Page: 420-420KeywordsAutopsyAutopsy pathologyHypergammaglobulinemiaPatientsSleep ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Percutaneous coronary intervention of complex lesions is associated with increased in-hospital and one-year adverse event rates: results from the NHLBI dynamic registry
Authors: Robert L. Wilensky, Janet Johnston, Faith Selzer, Bruce D. Klugherz, Warre K. Laskey, Peter Block, Howard Cohen, Katherine Detre, David O. Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Education for educating surgeons
Authors: C. Bulstrode, G. Holsgrove
Journal: BMJ (1996)

confirmed in subsequent trials and has changed our understanding of the mechanisms underlying antipsychotic treatment.Previous attempts to develop new antipsychotic drugs had been influenced by the dopamine hypothesis, supported by the observation that all effective antipsychotic drugs exhibited some degree of D2 dopamine receptor antagonism.9The fact that clozapine is only a weak D2 blocker suggests that mechanisms other than D2 blockade must be relevant for the control of positive symptoms.We do not know which of the neurotransmitter mechanisms affected by clozapine (dopamine receptor subtypes, serotonin, or a adrenergic effects) is responsible for its benefits in patients who are resistant to treatment.Another drug with evidence of enhanced effectiveness, risperidone, has D2 and 5HT2 receptor blocking properties.10Clarifying the mode of action of more effective drugs is likely to provide a key to understanding treatment resistance. Imaging links symptoms and brain functionOther approaches are also bearing fruit.Functional imaging techniques have considerable potential for examining the relations between psychotic symptoms, performance in neuropsychological tests, response to drug treatment, and blood flow in different regions of the brain.Positron emission tomography has shown that different symptom patterns in patients with schizophrenia produce different patterns of cerebral blood flow."Functional magnetic resonance imaging, which does not involve ionising radiation and permits multiple repeat examinations, may clarify the relation between symptom patterns, drug effects, and regional brain fimction.Such work may allow the considerable theoretical advances that have occurred in schizophrenia research over the past 20 years to start to be translated into therapeutic benefit for current sufferers.
Pneumoperitoneum following endoscopic mucosal resection without perforation of the colon
Authors: C. Eisenbach, H. Bläker, W. Stremmel, P. Sauer, A. Schaible
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

In an otherwise healthy 39-year-old female patient with a family history of colon carcinoma, a sessile adenoma with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of approximately 2.5 cm was found in the cecum during screening colonoscopy. After indigo carmine staining the adenoma was lifted by submucosal injection of 8 mL normal saline containing epinephrine 1 : 100 000, and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was performed using a standard polypectomy snare ([Fig. 1]). The day after the procedure the patient developed generalized abdominal defense, and an abdominal radiography was performed showing a pneumoperitoneum ([Fig. 2]). Because of a suspected perforation of the cecum the patient underwent explorative laparotomy and ileocecal resection the same day. Macroscopically, only a hematoma of the cecal wall was seen, and neither perforation of the cecum nor local peritonitis was observed intraoperatively, and thus primary anastomosis was performed. The patient was discharged in good health 5 days later. Histopathological analysis of the resectate revealed a defect at the site of mucosal resection down to the muscularis propria, with granulocytic infiltrates and a pneumatosis of the cecal wall ([Fig. 3] and [Fig. 4]).
Acute Clinical Outcomes of Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: Ghanshyam Lohiya
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  Dr Hamilton 1 has assumed the following frequencies for acute outcomes of hepatitis B infection in medical center employees: subclinical, 20%; anicteric, 30%; icteric, 40%; and fulminant, 1% (total, 91%). The author has not indicated the outcome for the remaining 9% of cases. Moreover, his reference source for this assumption, the Hepatitis Knowledge Base, contains no mention of these frequencies. Apparently, these frequency estimates are based on outcomes observed following high-dose hepatitis B virus (HBV) exposure by parenteral injection or microtransfusion route in hemodialysis staff, homosexual men, and volunteers inoculated with plasma containing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). 2 These estimates of acute clinical anicteric, icteric, and fulminant hepatitis B (ACHB) are too high for most instances of HBV infection. Indeed, in both retrospective and prospective population studies, ACHB has occurred in only 25% to 50% of adults and 10% of children infected by HBV; jaundice developed
Safe Transfer and Retrieval: The Practical Approach
Authors: P Ward
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

If you have ever cared anxiously for a patient in the back of an ambulance you will recognize the need for STaR—Safe Transfer and Retrieval. Ideally, everyone who supervises patient transfers—whether from community to hospital, from department to department, from hospital to hospital, or even from country to country—should do the STaR course for which Safe Transfer and Retrieval is the core text. Aimed at paramedics as well as hospital professionals, the book describes a systematic approach to patient transfer, ACCEPT—assessment, control, communication, evaluation, preparation/packaging and transport—and offers practical tips on such matters as the use of radios, troubles with medical equipment, and lifting/handling techniques. Management of trauma (including burns) and of medical and paediatric disorders is discussed in terms of specific pathophysiological processes. The book also advises on medicolegal issues, staff and patient safety, and documentation. As with all publications from the Advanced Life Support Group, key information is summarized in boxes, for review at a glance. This is a great book—essential reading if you are closely involved with patient transfers and have not done the STaR course.
Free radicals and Dupuytren's contracture.
Authors: G A Murrell, M J Francis, L Bromley
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The concentration of substrate expressed as hypoxanthine capable of reacting with xanthine oxidase to release superoxide free radicals (O2-) was measured in control and Dupuytren9s contracture palmar fascia. In Dupuytren9s contracture palmar fascia the concentration of hypoxanthine was six times that of control and was greatest in "nodular" areas. Xanthine oxidase activity was also detected in Dupuytren9s contracture palmar fascia. These results suggest a greater potential for hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase generated oxygen free radical formation in Dupuytren9s contracture than in control palmar fascia. Production of free radicals may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of Dupuytren9s contracture. The benefit of allopurinol in the management of Dupuytren9s contracture and other fibrotic conditions may thus be explained, as allopurinol binds to xanthine oxidase and prevents release of free radicals.
Doctors suspended after injecting wrong drug into spine
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Two doctors at Queen's Medical Centre in Nottingham have been suspended and could face manslaughter charges over an injection mix-up that has left a patient close to death.

A teenager with leukaemia has had the anticancer drug vincristine injected into his spine instead of via the correct route—into a vein.

The same mistake has caused 10 previous deaths in Britain. The blunder happens because vincristine is given in conjunction with an intrathecal drug and doctors mix up the two, although the packaging for vincristine warns that the drug is fatal if injected into the spine. The patient's only chance of survival is if …
Dissent on Medical Education
Authors: DAVID J. CROSBY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 June 1970Dissent on Medical EducationDAVID J. CROSBY, M.D.DAVID J. CROSBY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-6-961_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr., is to be complimented on his experiment in training physician assistants and for trying to promote the acceptance of these individuals by the medical profession (Ann Intern Med72:271-274, 1970). Indeed, since our 101 medical schools cannot or will not significantly increase their output of physicians, it is commendable that several of them are trying to find methods to improve efficiency in the delivery of medical care. But I can see no reason for the gratuitous denigrating remarks made by Dr. Stead about postgraduate training programs in community hospitals. Quite obviously he... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Internal Medicine Tucson Hospitals Medical Education Program Tucson, Ariz. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1970Volume 72, Issue 6Page: 961-963KeywordsMedical educationResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Neurologic Infections in Children
Authors: Arthur L. Drew
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Drs Bell and McCormick have managed a monumental task in very readable and informative format. Their book discusses agents of infection, clinical and laboratory diagnosis, and course and treatment for the bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic and ricketsial infections of the nervous system. Even as new therapeutic agents become available, the book will continue to be a valuable reference because of its thorough delineation of the clinical picture and careful discussions of differential diagnosis. There will be some disagreements on choice of drug therapies, management of subdural effusions, and repeated lumbar punctures to reduce intracranial pressure. Options are clearly stated and reflect the state of the art rather than basic discord. Noteworthy is the section on focal suppurative infections of the nervous system. Written before wide application of computerized axial tomography, the other diagnostic modalities noted by the authors will lead to better utilization of this specialized technique. Part IV, cautiously
The Clinical History as a Factor in Roentgenogram Interpretation
Authors: Melvyn H. Schreiber
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE DESIRE of the diagnostic roentgenologist to relate his film findings to the patient's complaints is occasionally frustrated by his lack of information regarding the clinical history; the blank requisition, bearing only the patient's name, age, sex, race, and history number, is frequently encountered. While some radiologists prefer, at least initially, to inspect films without knowledge of the clinical information, others believe that such information is essential to adequate interpretation. Similarly, clinicians are divided in their attitude: Some desire genuine consultation with the radiologist; others expect an objective report of film findings only, without comment concerning their possible significance in the light of the patient's complaints or physical and laboratory findings. Johnson 1 feels that one may interpret the same sensory data differently in the light of other information presented at the same time, and Tuddenham 2 states that our perception of ambiguous stimulus patterns in film reading may be
Individual Responsibility or a Policy Solution — Cap and Trade for the U.S. Diet?
Authors: Kristina H. Lewis, Meredith B. Rosenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Overconsumption of foods containing excessive salt, sugar, and unhealthful fats poses a public health threat in the United States. A possible policy approach to addressing the threat that recognizes our free-market ideals is "cap and trade" of unhealthy ingredients.
Retinopathy Predicts Cardiovascular Mortality in Type 2 Diabetic Men and Women
Authors: Auni Juutilainen, Seppo Lehto, Tapani Rönnemaa, Kalevi Pyörälä, Markku Laakso
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

We thank Targher et al. (1) for their interest in our recent article (2). They compared the results from the Valpolicella Heart Diabetes Study (3) to our findings (2) and concluded that the association of retinopathy with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetic subjects is principally explained by the occurrence of hypertension and proteinuria. Furthermore, they did not find a significant sex difference in the association of retinopathy with incident CVD events.

Targher …
Oncolytic Viruses Derived from the γ34.5-Deleted Herpes Simplex Virus Recombinant R3616 Encode a Truncated UL3 Protein
Authors: Megan J. Dambach, Jordan Trecki, Natalia Martin, Nancy S. Markovitz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Replication-competent herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) mutants are used in clinical trials in the experimental treatment of cancer. Mutants G207, HSV1716, NV1020, and Oncovex GM-CSF share in common a defect in one or both copies of the gene encoding the neurovirulence factor, ICP34.5, and are thus neuroattenuated. These viruses are acknowledged to differ from one another (a) in the specific types of mutations intentionally introduced during their derivation and (b) in the inherent genetic differences retained from the different parent strains used in their construction. Unintended mutations are expected to emerge at some low frequency during the selection for and passage of mutant viruses. Here we demonstrate that during the construction of the oncolytic virus R3616, a nonsense mutation arose in an untargeted region of the HSV-1 genome that resulted in a substantial truncation of the viral protein known as UL3. This report is the first published documentation that oncolytic herpesviruses developed and used in clinical trials contain adventitious mutations. The implications of these findings for the characterization and development of vectors proposed for use in clinical trials are discussed.