tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A novel non-rapid-eye movement and rapid-eye-movement parasomnia with sleep breathing disorder associated with antibodies to IgLON5: a case series, characterisation of the antigen, and post-mortem study
Authors: Lidia Sabater, Carles Gaig, Ellen Gelpi, Luis Bataller, Jan Lewerenz, Estefanía Torres-Vega, Angeles Contreras, Bruno Giometto, Yaroslau Compta, Cristina Embid, Isabel Vilaseca, Alex Iranzo, Joan Santamaría, Josep Dalmau, Francesc Graus
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2014)
Identification of Stanniocalcin 2 as Prognostic Marker in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hellmuth-A. Meyer, Angelika Tölle, Monika Jung, Florian R. Fritzsche, Bernard Haendler, Ilka Kristiansen, Ariana Gaspert, Manfred Johannsen, Klaus Jung, Glen Kristiansen
Journal: European Urology (2008)
The tide of prescribing for depression is turning
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The General Medical Council and the future of revalidation GMC member respondsEditor-Esmail and Kmietowicz give an inaccurate account of the General Medical Council's policy development on revalidation, ignoring an iterative process with interested parties since 1998 in an attempt to introduce the most fundamental change to medical regulation since its foundation in 1858. 1 2 The GMC clearly has had regard to the legitimate interests of three principal groups-government and the NHS, patients and the public, and the various tribes that make up the UK medical profession.Despite suggestions to the contrary, an initial exploratory meeting on revalidation convened by Sir Donald Irvine in June 1998 was held in the context of a high profile professional conduct case, but well before the Bristol inquiry report and absolutely nothing to do with Rodney Ledward or, indeed, Harold Shipman.It was recognised then that some doctors were not keeping fully up to date nor were they indulging in reflective practice.Irvine correctly proposed that there was a need to make registration with the GMC more meaningful to the public than a mere recognition that doctors had reached a certain standard of professional knowledge in their early 20s.Both articles promote the idea that the doctors' regulator should be filling the vacuum within the NHS created by its failing to fulfil its public responsibility to monitor doctors' clinical standards.Clinical governance is now, slowly, being developed and eventually will extend from systems and teams to individuals-but is it reasonable, as both authors postulate, that such monitoring should become the financial and moral responsibility of the GMC sitting in London and Manchester rather than local managers at the coalface?Although revalidation is a continuing process, it becomes summative only every five years.The NHS and its local systems must not be allowed to abrogate their responsibility for the safety of patients on a day to day basis.Nor should they demand that the GMC and its prime function of assuring fitness to practise and the meaning of the medical register be inappropriately promoted as the first line of defence for the maintenance of clinical quality and safety.
Abstract 1353: Protein tyrosine phosphatases PTP-1B, SHP-2 and PTEN facilitate Rb/E2F-associated apoptotic signaling
Authors: Liza D. Morales, Mario Capetillo, Edgar Casillas Pavon, Jun W. Shin, Alexander Garcia, Jonathan H. Lieman, Dae J. Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract To maintain tissue homeostasis, apoptosis is functionally linked to cell proliferation via the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (Rb)/E2F complex. Rb/E2F-associated apoptosis is a robust apoptotic response initiated by loss of constitutive Rb/E2F transcriptional repression and mediated by caspase-8. It is characterized by inactivation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) through dephosphorylation by protein tyrosine phosphatase(s). In the current work, we report that three protein tyrosine phosphatases, PTP-1B, SHP-2, and PTEN, are involved in Rb/E2F-associated apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis in an osteoscarcoma cell line that conditionally expresses a dominant negative mutant of E2F-1 (ER-dnE2F-1) by treatment with 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) led to a significant increase in levels of PTP-1B, SHP-2, and PTEN mRNA expression in comparison to untreated cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that E2F-1 specifically binds to putative E2F-1 binding sites identified within the three PTP promoters. Knockdown of SHP-2, PTEN, or PTP-1B using siRNA increased cell viability and decreased cell death in 4-OHT-treated ER-dnE2F-1 cells compared to control. Consistent with this observation, knockdown of SHP-2 or PTEN significantly inhibited caspase-8 activity in 4-OHT-treated ER-dnE2F1 cells in comparison to control while knockdown of SHP-2, PTEN, or PTP-1B significantly inhibited caspase-3 activity in 4-OHT-treated ER-dnE2F-1 cells compared to control. Combined, our results indicated PTP-1B, SHP-2, and PTEN are required to regulate Rb/E2F-associated apoptotic signal transduction. Furthermore, our findings suggest PTP-1B, SHP-2, and PTEN can contribute to tumor suppression through an Rb/E2F-associated mechanism. Citation Format: Liza D. Morales, Mario Capetillo, Edgar Casillas Pavon, Jun W. Shin, Alexander Garcia, Jonathan H. Lieman, Dae J. Kim. Protein tyrosine phosphatases PTP-1B, SHP-2 and PTEN facilitate Rb/E2F-associated apoptotic signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1353. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1353
Knockdown of Contactin-1 Expression Suppresses Invasion and Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jen-Liang Su, Ching-Yao Yang, Jin-Yuan Shih, Lin-Hung Wei, Chang-Yao Hsieh, Yung-Ming Jeng, Ming-Yang Wang, Pan-Chyr Yang, Min-Liang Kuo
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Numerous genetic changes are associated with cancer cell metastasis and invasion. In search for key regulators of invasion and metastasis, a panel of lung cancer cell lines with different invasive ability was screened. The gene for contactin-1 was found to play an essential role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Suppression of contactin-1 expression abolished the ability of lung adenocarcinoma cells to invade Matrigel in vitro as well as the polymerization of filamentous-actin and the formation of focal adhesion structures. Furthermore, knockdown of contactin-1 resulted in extensive inhibition of tumor metastasis and in increased survival in an animal model. RhoA but not Cdc42 or Rac1 was found to serve a critical role in contactin-1–mediated invasion and metastasis. Contactin-1–specific RNA interference resulted in loss of metastatic and invasive capacity in both in vitro and in vivo models. This loss was overturned by constitutive expression of the active form of RhoA. Contactin-1 was differentially expressed in tumor tissues, and its expression correlated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and patient survival. Contactin-1 is proposed to function importantly in the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells via RhoA-mediated mechanisms. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(5): 2553-61)
Coming to Terms With Indications for Fetal Surgery
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

IN THE 30 years since A. William Liley, MD, performed the first in utero blood transfusion to successfully treat erythroblastosis fetalis (at the National Women's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand), interest has burgeoned in what has become something of a medical subspecialty—fetal medicine and surgery. Now, some investigators are taking a second look and saying that not all fetal abnormalities need to or should be treated in utero. Significant advances in the treatment of abnormalities of the fetus and newborn are opening the way to treat these infant patients at the most opportune time—and they may not necessarily involve treating the fetus. A variety of technologies contribute to this wait-and-see approach. Some are new. Others are applications of such existing modalities as ultrasound. For infants born at term, the procedures available include extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, hemofiltration to treat acute renal failure, and the investigational use of nitric oxide for various applications.
TP53 mutations and polymorphisms in primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Sania Raza, David Viswanatha, Lori Frederick, Terra Lasho, Christy Finke, Ryan Knudson, Rhett Ketterling, Animesh Pardanani, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

A total of 107 patients with chronic-phase primary myelofibrosis (PMF) were screened for TP53 mutations, which were detected in 4 (4%) cases: (i) E204E; GAG>GAA (silent exon 6); (ii) G245D; GGC>GAC (exon 7); (iii) R175H; CGC>CAC (exon 5); and (iv) six base insert (GGCGAG) after bp13767 (exon 6). Three (75%) of the four TP53-mutated cases also carried JAK2V617F whereas none were positive for MPL or IDH mutations. Two of the four TP53 mutated cases were also screened for TET2, ASXL1, DNMT3A, and EZH2 mutations and were negative. There was no significant difference in presenting features or survival between TP53 mutated and unmutated cases. TP53 exon 4 single nucleotide polymporphism (SNPs) data for codon 72 were available on 104 patients and included 56% with homozygous Arg72Arg, 33% with heterozygous Pro72Arg, and 11% with homozygous Pro72Pro. There were no significant differences among the three codon 72 genotypes in terms of presenting characteristics or survival.
Human Dendritic Cells Stimulated with a Novel Peanut Protein Express High Levels of RALDH2 and Induce RA-Sensitive Genes in Naïve T Cells
Authors: B. Ruiter, G. Grishina, C.F. den Hartog Jager, E.F. Knol, P. Ozias-Akins, H.A. Sampson, W.G. Shreffler
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
F-18 FDG PET-CT Imaging of Intestinal Metastasis From Primary Lung Cancer
Authors: Min Soo Kim, Gi Jeong Cheon, Sang Moo Lim, Cheol Hyeon Kim, Jae Cheol Lee
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Intestinal metastasis of lung cancer was diagnosed in a 67-year-old man with palpable masses in the axilla and lower abdomen. F-18 FDG PET/CT showed a large cavitary mass with an SUV of 14.1, which was similar to that of the lung mass, in the left lower quadrant of peritoneal cavity. Intestinal metastasis is rarely found, although symptoms related to the digestive tract are not uncommon in patients with lung cancer. Physicians should be aware of this possibility because a small intestinal metastasis often perforates, leading to life-threatening peritonitis.
Phenylketonuria in a Woman of Normal Intelligence and Her Child
Authors: Thomas L. Perry, Bluma Tischler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THREE cases are on record in which a phenylketonuric parent has produced a phenylketonuric child.1 2 3 An additional family in which phenylketonuria occurred in 2 successive generations is described below, not only because of the rarity of this event but also because the normal intelligence of the mother raises important questions about the prevention of mental deficiency.Case ReportsCase 1. A 10 1/2-month-old male infant, an only child, was admitted to the hospital because of eczema that had not responded to topical treatment and dietary restrictions. He was noted to have a small head, hyperactive tendon reflexes and obvious behavioral . . .
Acute liver failure: A curable disease by 2024?
Authors: William Bernal, William M. Lee, Julia Wendon, Fin Stolze Larsen, Roger Williams
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)

Over the last three decades acute liver failure (ALF) has been transformed from a rare and poorly understood condition with a near universally fatal outcome, to one with a well characterized phenotype and disease course. Complex critical care protocols are now applied and emergency liver transplantation (ELT) is an established treatment option. These improvements in care are such that the majority of patients may now be expected to survive (Fig. 1). Key features of the condition have changed dramatically over time, with a remarkable fall in the incidence of cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension, a much feared complication. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of key aspects of the classification, pathophysiology and management of ALF, and discuss the foreseeable challenges that will need to be addressed for further improvements to be achieved.
Treatment outcomes following leukemic transformation in Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: James A. Kennedy, Eshetu G. Atenafu, Hans A. Messner, Kenneth J. Craddock, Joseph M. Brandwein, Jeffrey H. Lipton, Mark D. Minden, Aaron D. Schimmer, Andre C. Schuh, Karen W. Yee, Vikas Gupta
Journal: Blood (2013)
Cyclosporin A-treated guinea pig responder cells secrete a genetically restricted factor that suppresses the mixed leukocyte reaction.
Authors: G A DosReis, E M Shevach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Cyclosporin A (CY A) is a hydrophobic, undecapeptide, fungal metabolite with potent immunosuppressive effects on T lymphocyte-mediated immune responses. Suppressor T lymphocytes generated during a mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) performed in the presence of CY A, release a factor that suppresses a primary MLR of responder T cells, which is derived from the same strain as the factor producer but lacks specificity for the stimulator cell. These results suggest a finely regulated pathway by which CY A may induce and maintain a permanent state of transplantation tolerance in vivo.
Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: John E. LeDonne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

MYCOSIS fungoides (granuloma fungoides) is considered by many physicians to be a well recognized and distinctive, though uncommon, clinical and pathologic entity. Although at the time of its original description by French physicians in the early nineteenth century the disease was thought to be of mycotic origin, it has recently been properly classified as one of the group of lymphomas that affect the body.1 2 3 4 5 Mycosis fungoides per se affects primarily the skin and in its late stages occasionally involves various internal organs, which show the same histologic changes present in cutaneous lesions. Also, more rarely, it may undergo transition and . . .
PWE-047 A Prospective, Comparative Audit of Two Commonly Used, Low Volume Bowel Preparations for Routine Colonoscopy: Moviprep Versus a Senna and Citramag Combination: Abstract PWE-047 Table
Authors: K P Patel, R K Fofaria, S Thomas-Gibson, B P Saunders
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Colonoscopy is the principal therapeutic tool for colorectal cancer prevention. Adenoma removal has been shown to decrease the incidence of colorectal cancer in screened populations. Good visualisation of the entire colonic mucosa is essential for high rates of adenoma detection. The optimal preparation regimen for bowel preparation has not yet been defined. <h3>Methods</h3> The aim was to assess the effectiveness of different regimens for bowel preparation, comparing low volume polyethylene glycol (Moviprep, Norgine, UK) with senna and magnesium citrate (Citramag, Sanochemia Diagnostics UK). Split dosing was used for afternoon appointments. All patients received instructions on dietary restrictions before the procedure. Those undergoing colonoscopy in the first month of the trial were given senna and magnesium citrate; those in the following month were administered Moviprep unless there were contraindications to the intended bowel preparation. The quality of the bowel preparation was independently assessed using the validated 10-point Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) by nurses trained in its use. <h3>Results</h3> Patients who had undergone segmental colectomy were excluded. In total, 580 eligible procedures were performed. 251 patients received Moviprep; 326 were given senna and Citramag. Bowel cleansing with Moviprep was statistically superior in each assessed segment of the colon as well as overall (mean score 6.56, p = 0.027). Patients given Moviprep were more likely to have a perfect preparation score of 9 (p &lt; 0.001). The reasons for failure in patients who were not fully imaged were recorded. 3 procedures were aborted due to poor bowel preparation; all of these patients received Moviprep (p = 0.08). The patient-assessed taste of Moviprep was significantly worse than senna and Citramag (P &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference between both groups with regards to age, sex or percentage of patients who finished the preparation (p = 0.14). <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data – the largest in the literature comparing these two preparations – show that both produce acceptably high levels of bowel cleansing for colonoscopy. Moviprep appears to cleanse slightly better throughout the colon but was judged by patients to be less palatable. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> K. Patel Grant/Research Support from: Norgine provided the Moviprep gratis. No input into study design, data collection, analysis, or writing of the abstract., R. Fofaria: None Declared, S. Thomas-Gibson: None Declared, B. Saunders: None Declared
Radiologic Diagnosis of Diseases of the Chest
Authors: Paul E. Epstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes18 December 2001Radiologic Diagnosis of Diseases of the ChestPaul E. Epstein, MDPaul E. Epstein, MDUniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-12-200112180-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Müller N, Fraser R, Colman N, Pará P. 790 pages. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2001. $135.00. ISBN 072168808X. Order phone 800-545-2522.Field of medicine: Pulmonary disease and radiology.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Pulmonary subspecialists, radiologists, and internal medicine residents seeking a complete explanation of the radiologic manifestations of chest diseases and modern techniques used to record these manifestations.Purpose: To serve as a companion volume to the fourth edition of Fraser and Paré's Diagnosis of Diseases of the Chest, concentrating on imaging techniques rather than pathophysiology or treatment.Content: The book is divided into 23 chapters. The first 3 chapters deal ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySuccessful Management of Acquired Tracheomalacia of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Report of Three Cases 18 December 2001Volume 135, Issue 12Page: 1097KeywordsHIV infectionsImaging techniquesLung transplantationMagnetic resonance imagingPulmonary diseasesRadiologistsSoftware toolsSub-specialty careThoraxTransplantation ePublished: 18 December 2001 Issue Published: 18 December 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reliability of echocardiographic measurements of myocardial perfusion using commercially produced sonicated serum albumin (Albunex)
Authors: Allan L. Klein, Alexander S. Bailey, Alvaro Moura, R.Daniel Murray, Annitta J. Morehead, Jose Brum, Gregory Pearce, William J. Stewart, James D. Thomas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
What the Nose Knows: The Science of Scent in Everyday Life
Authors: Alan R. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Enhanced Sensitivity and Specificity of Thallium-201 Imaging for the Detection of Regional Ischemic Coronary Disease by Combining SPECT with "Bull??s Eye" Analysis
Authors: B KASABALI, M L WOODARD, C BEKERMAN, S PINSKY, M J BLEND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Previous studies have indicated that the combination of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and quantitative “bull's eye” analysis (QBA) TI–201 cardiac stress imaging may improve the detection of myocardial ischemia over that achieved with planar (PLN) imaging. This study will evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of SPECT and QBA in the detection of disease in the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), and right coronary artery. Ninety–nine patients who underwent both TI–201 stress imaging and coronary arteriography were evaluated retrospectively. Of the 99, 62 had PLN imaging and 37 were evaluated with SPECT; 23 of these 37 had QBA. The overall sensitivity and specificity were as follows: PLN, 94% and 50%; SPECT, 90% and 67%; QBA, 100% and 20%; and SPECT with QBA, 92% and 72%, respectively. The regional sensitivity and specificity of PLN for individual coronary arteries were as follows: RCA, 78% and 74%; LAD, 89% and 60%; LCX, 50% and 89%, respectively. For SPECT, the results were: RCA, 86% and 93%; LAD, 85% and 88%; and LCX, 60% and 88%. For QBA alone, the results were: RCA, 100% and 75%; LAD, 88% and 53%; and LCX, 100% and 89%. The results for QBA with SPECT were: RCA, 100% and 94%; LAD, 88% and 80%; and LCX, 67% and 95%. Thus, SPECT interpreted on conjunction with QBA showed higher sensitivity for evaluation of ischemia in the RCA and LCX arteries and higher specificity in the detection of LAD and RCA disease than did PLN TI–201 imaging. Because of the low specificity of QBA (20%), caution is advised in the interpretation of QBA alone without reviewing SPECT images.
INFECTIOUS JAUNDICE IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: GEORGE BLUMER
Journal: JAMA (1923)

In his report on an outbreak of jaundice which occurred at Halifax Court House, Va., in 1857-1858, Faulkner<sup>1</sup>stated that the disease occurred in Norfolk, Va., during the War of 1812. This is the first record of its occurrence in the United States, and no further outbreak is recorded until 1839, when it appeared at Jacksonville, Ala. From 1812 to 1886 there are but eleven outbreaks recorded in the American literature, and of these nine occurred south of Mason and Dixon's line, four of them in Alabama. The remaining two occurred in Orange, N. J., in 1858, and in Montgomery County, Pa., in 1860. During this period only one outbreak is recorded in any one year, with the exception of 1860, when the disease appeared in Richmond, Va., and in Montgomery County, Pa. Beginning with the late eighties of the nineteenth century, reports become more frequent, and records of