tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In situ hybridization for procollagen types I, III and IV mRNA in normal and fibrotic rat liver: Evidence for predominant expression in nonparenchymal liver cells
Authors: Stefano Milani, Hermann Herbst, Detlef Schuppan, Eckhart G. Hahn, Harald Stein
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

The expression of α2(I), α1(III) and α1(IV) procollagen mRNA was analyzed in normal and CCl 4 -induced fibrotic rat liver by in situ hybridization using RNA probes. In normal liver, moderate amounts of α2(I) and α1(III) procollagen transcripts were found in sinusoidal cells, in stromal cells of the portal tracts and in the vicinity of central veins, whereas a1(IV) procollagen gene expression was below the threshold of detection. After 2 weeks of CCl 4 treatment, increased transcription of α2(I) and α1(III) procollagen genes was observed in sinusoidal cells. At this stage, α1(IV) procollagen mRNA was detectable in the same cell types and localization as α2(I) and α1(III) procollagen transcripts, although with a weaker signal. After 4 weeks, newly formed fibrous septa showed many cells intensely labeled by α2(I), α1(III) and α1(IV) procollagen probes. Neither in normal liver nor at any stage of fibrosis was any hybridization signal above background observed in hepatocytes. These patterns suggest that in the liver Type I, Type III and Type IV procollagen expression takes place predominantly in nonparenchymal cells. Therefore, hepatocytes do not appear to be significantly involved in procollagen production in this experimental model of liver fibrosis.
Evaluation of Immediate and 12-Week Effects of a Smartphone Sun-Safety Mobile Application
Authors: David B. Buller, Marianne Berwick, Kathy Lantz, Mary Klein Buller, James Shane, Ilima Kane, Xia Liu
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

<h3>Importance</h3> Mobile applications on smartphones can communicate a large amount of personalized, real-time health information, including advice on skin cancer prevention, but their effectiveness may be affected by whether recipients can be convinced to use them. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate a smartphone mobile application (Solar Cell) delivering real-time advice about sun protection for a second time in a randomized clinical trial. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A previous trial conducted in 2012 used a randomized pretest-posttest design. For the present trial, we collected data from a volunteer sample of 202 adults 18 years or older who owned a smartphone. Participants were recruited nationwide through online promotions. Screening procedures and a 3-week run-in period were added to increase the use of the mobile application. We conducted follow-ups at 3 and 8 weeks after randomization to examine the immediate and the longer-term effects of the intervention. <h3>Interventions</h3> Use of the mobile application. The application gave feedback on sun protection (ie, sun-safety practices and the risk for sunburn) and alerted users to apply or to reapply sunscreen and to get out of the sun. The application also displayed the hourly UV Index and vitamin D production based on the forecast UV Index, time, and location. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Percentage of days with the use of sun protection, time spent outdoors in the midday sun (days and hours), and the number of sunburns in the last 3 months. <h3>Results</h3> Participants in the intervention group used wide-brimmed hats more at 7 weeks than control participants (23.8% vs 17.4%;<i>F</i> = 4.07;<i>P</i> = .045). Women who used the mobile application reported using all sun protection combined more than men (46.4% vs 43.3%;<i>F</i> = 1.49;<i>P</i> = .04), whereas men and older individuals reported less use of sunscreen (32.7% vs 35.5%;<i>F</i> = 5.36;<i>P</i> = .02) and hats (15.6% vs 17.9%;<i>F</i> = 4.72;<i>P</i> = .03). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The mobile application initially appeared to confer weak improvement of sun protection. Use of the mobile application was greater than in a previous trial and was associated with greater sun protection, especially among women. Strategies to increase the use of the mobile application are needed if the application is to be deployed effectively to the general adult population.
Dehydration in Infants and Children
Authors: Laurence Finberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

ADVANCES in knowledge in the pathologic physiology of dehydration and in the therapy of this physiologic disturbance have been less dramatic in the past decade than in the preceding four. The major concepts and insights having progressed for the time being about as far as basic knowledge of underlying biochemistry and biophysics will permit, the present period of advance in this field centers on resolving old controversies and synthesizing apparently disparate approaches, on making use of new methodology to speed precision of care and on adapting principles to such new areas of medical adventure as open-heart and other kinds of . . .
Direct Arterial Study of the Blood Pressure Response to Cold of Normotensive Subjects and Patients with Essential Hypertension before and during Treatment with Various Antihypertensive Drugs
Authors: JOHN H. WINDESHEIM, GRACE M. ROTH, EDGAR A. HINES
Journal: Circulation (1955)

The cold pressor test was performed three times at 15-minute intervals on 65 normotensive subjects and on 60 patients with essential hypertension both before and during treatment with antihypertensive drugs. The arterial pressure was recorded directly from the radial artery. On the basis of differences in the cold pressor response among individuals in the control group, the criteria for normal reaction and for hyperreaction were modified. The cold pressor response in the patients with essential hypertension was markedly depressed by the ganglionic blocking agents, but was not affected by various combinations of hydralazine, protoveratrine and reserpine.
Treatment of experimental erosive arthritis in rats by injection of the muralytic enzyme mutanolysin.
Authors: M J Janusz, C Chetty, R A Eisenberg, W J Cromartie, J H Schwab
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

A single intravenous injection into rats of 0.4 mg of the muralytic enzyme mutanolysin, given as long as 3 d after an arthropathic dose of peptidoglycan-polysaccharide polymers derived from group A streptococci (PG-APS), resulted in a complete resolution of acute arthritis and the prevention of chronic joint disease. When administration of mutanolysin was delayed until 14 d after the injection of PG-APS, a great reduction in the severity of chronic inflammation was still observed. Quantitation of the amount of PG-APS present in the limbs, spleen, and liver by a solid phase enzyme-linked immunoassay indicated that the tissues of mutanolysin-treated rats contained as much PG-APS as tissues of PBS-treated control rats. In addition, rats treated with mutanolysin immediately after receiving an intraperitoneal injection of PG-APS developed a transient limb edema similar to that seen in rats after the injection of PG-APS digested to a small fragment size in vitro with mutanolysin. We hypothesize that mutanolysin acts in vivo by degrading PG-APS to small fragments that persist but are no longer arthropathic.
Topical silver sulfadiazine-induced systemic argyria in a patient with severe generalized dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: C. Flohr, J. Heague, I. Leach, J. English
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Topical silver sulfadiazine‐induced systemic argyria in a patient with severe generalized dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Get access C. Flohr, C. Flohr Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Queen’s Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: carsten.flohr@nottingham.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Heague, J. Heague Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Queen’s Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: carsten.flohr@nottingham.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Leach, I. Leach Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Queen’s Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: carsten.flohr@nottingham.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. English J. English Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, Queen’s Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: carsten.flohr@nottingham.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 3, 1 September 2008, Pages 740–741, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08690.x Published: 01 September 2008
PERMANGANATES IN SLOUGHING AND TETANUS-INFECTED WOUNDS
Authors: L. Rogers
Journal: BMJ (1914)

THE prevalence of slottghing -wounds, and those ilnfected with tetanus and gas-forming ana6robic organi5nms, anmong tlhc -wounded in the war, appears to make it advisable to record m-ly experience of the value of permanganate solutions in the first two conditions, and to stiugest the possibility of their usefulness in the third.Perm a?gcana tes in Slotughing Tropical Ulcers.In 1909, in a papef read'before the Assam Branch of the Britislh Medical Association, but not published, I described a form of spreading.sloughingutlcer, known locally as Naga sore, wlicll was causing so much loss of labour on tea estates tllat the Tea Association sent some cases to Calcutta for m-le to investigate.A fusiformn bacillus, whiclh wi-otuld not grow on ordinary culture media, was found to be present in euorImIous numbers and to extend deeply into the tissuies.U'nder ordinary antiseptics the ulcers continued to spread rapidly, and, tlhinking the organism mighlt be aua6robic, I decided to try the effect of the oxidizing agents potassitum permanganate and hlydrogen peroxide.The results were most striking.A sloughing ulcer 2 in. in diameter, wlhichl had doubled in size within a week under mild antiseptic fomentations, within two days of the frequent application of a 1 per cent.solution of potassium permianganate in the form of cold compresses, presented a lhealthy red granulating surface; after two more days it lhad commeniced to heal around the whlole circumference, and proceeded rapidly to complpete repair.In a second case a 10 per cent.solution of hlydrogen peroxide cleaned up the ulcer quickly, although less rapidly than the far cheaper permiianganate.I subsequently received reports from two Assamn medical mien that they had empirically come to the conclusion that strong solutions of potassium permanganate, 1 to 4 per cent., had a remarkable effect in cleaning up this form of sloughing tropical ulcer.Cancrum Oris.
Interferon alfa-2a versus combination therapy with interferon alfa-2a, interleukin-2, and fluorouracil in patients with untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRC RE04/EORTC GU 30012): an open-label randomised trial
Authors: Martin E Gore, Clare L Griffin, Barry Hancock, Poulam M Patel, Lynda Pyle, Michael Aitchison, Nicholas James, Roderick TD Oliver, Jozef Mardiak, Tahera Hussain, Richard Sylvester, Mahesh KB Parmar, Patrick Royston, Peter FA Mulders
Journal: The Lancet (2010)
Human Interferon as a Therapeutic Agent
Authors: Thomas C. Merigan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

The present availability of limited quantities of human leukocyte interferon has allowed preliminary clinical investigation which has demonstrated some useful effects in diseases ranging from the common cold to cancer. Interferon is a naturally produced and very potent antiviral protein that Isaacs and Lindemann discovered to be a mediator of viral interference in 1957. Now, it is recognized to have an increasing array of cell-regulatory actions besides the one that led to its discovery.1 The material clearly has biologic activity in man, but the limited supply2 still prevents large-scale experiments, field applications or even full examination of its clinical potential. . . .
Cross-Sectional Study of Periodontal Care and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in an Insured Population
Authors: Leslie Spangler, Robert J. Reid, Ronald Inge, Katherine M. Newton, Philippe Hujoel, Monica Chaudhari, Robert J. Genco, William E. Barlow
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE Compare GHb among people with diabetes who have and have not received periodontal care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study linked 5 years of electronic medical record and dental insurance data for dually insured patients with diabetes, ages 40–70 years (n = 5,103). We assessed the association between annual mean GHb (%) and periodontal care (a proxy for periodontitis) defined using claim codes. Among patients who received periodontal care, we assessed the association between GHb and periodontal treatment intensity. We determined associations using linear regression adjusted for potential confounders and tested for effect modification by age, sex, insulin use, diabetes severity, BMI, and smoking. RESULTS Mean GHb was 7.66%; 38% of participants received periodontal care during the 5 years. After multivariate adjustment, patients who received periodontal care had a GHb level 0.08 percentage points higher than patients who did not (P = 0.02). In stratified analyses, the association was present for women (0.18 percentage points higher GHb with periodontal care, P &amp;lt; 0.001) but not significant for men (0.008 percentage points lower, P = 0.86). In patients who received periodontal care, those with one, and with two or more, surgical treatments had GHb 0.25 (P = 0.04) and 0.36 (P = 0.002) percentage points lower, respectively, than patients without periodontal surgeries. CONCLUSIONS This population-based cross-sectional study showed small associations between periodontal care (a proxy for periodontitis) and higher GHb. Well-controlled longitudinal studies or clinical trials are needed to evaluate causality and temporal trends. Sub-analyses suggest that further investigation of this association among women, and by intensity of periodontal treatment, may be of interest.
Therapy of alopecia areata with diphencyprone
Authors: E. HOTING, A. BOEHM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

The properties of diphencyprone (DPC), its possible mechanism of action in the therapy of alopecia areata (AA), and its side‐effects are summarized. The results of our own study of treatment in 45 patients with AA, with a mean treatment duration of 72 (15–146) weeks, are presented, and compared with the results of previous studies. We suggest that, in future, therapy protocols should define entry criteria and therapy results more precisely, and include follow‐up assessments to establish the length of remission. In view of the low response rates and short lengths of remission, the indications for DPC therapy should be set more rigorously.
Interim Federal Quality Standards for Nation's Mammography Facilities Acquire Force of Law
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

ALL MAMMOGRAPHY facilities in the United States have until October 1 to meet new federal quality standards and be certified by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in order to stay in business. The FDA's interim regulations on quality standards and certification requirements were distributed to the nation's mammography facilities and published in the December 21, 1993,<i>Federal Register</i>. On February 22, after a 30-day comment period, the regulations acquired the force of law, says Florence Houn, MD, MPH, program manager of the FDA's Division of Mammography Quality and Radiation Programs, Rockville, Md. This newly created division is responsible for implementing the accreditation and certification program mandated by the federal Mammography Quality Standards Act (MQSA) of 1992. The FDA will study the comments and suggestions received before drawing up final regulations, which should be published by the end of 1995, Houn says. The new regulations are an important first
Scintigraphic Evaluation of Septated Hypokinetic Gallbladder in a Teenager
Authors: RUTH HARDOFF, DANIE HARDOFF
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Congenital anomalies of the gallbladder include anomalies of form, location, and absence of the gallbladder. Scintigraphic demonstration of a normally functioning double gallbladder has been reported. The authors report a case of a teenager who suffered from recurrent abdominal pain in whom scintigraphy demonstrated a septated, poorly cotracting gallbladder. Impaired gallbladder kinetics may cause intermittent abdominal pain; thus its demonstration by scintigraphy is significant in the decisionmaking process with regard to cholecystectomy.
Abstract 1142: The expression profile of cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) in head and neck cancer
Authors: Bruno Takao R. Karia, Fernando Tadeu Zamuner, Luiz Augusto S. Nani, Dorival M. Rodrigues, Andre L. Carvalho, Andre Luiz Vettore
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most frequent types of cancer. Despite significant improvements in the therapeutic strategies, the overall survival rate in 5 years is around 50%. The development of new therapies and their integration into the current forms of treatment (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy) is of great interest to improve the therapeutic efficacy. Immunotherapy may provide an alternative for current treatment approach, since the natural immune response can be stimulated by active immunotherapeutic interventions which may help in the control of the tumor progression and recurrence. A requirement for the development of immunotherapeutic approaches is the identification of immunogenic gene products expressed predominantly in tumor cells. Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) fulfill this prerequisite as their expression is restricted to tumors with no expression in normal tissues, except germ line cells. In this study we performed a search on Oncomine, SAGE Anatomic Viewer, CTdatabase and PubMed databases to select among the 153 CTAs genes those that might be expressed in HNSCC. This in silico analysis allowed the selection of 60 CTAs genes to have their expression evaluated in 89 tumors and in 20 normal mucosa by RT-PCR. According this analysis, 13 CTAs were specificaly expressed in HNSCC samples (&amp;gt;25% sensitivity) The expression of CTA1 was significantely associated with perineural invasion (p=0,023) and vascular invasion (p=0,003), whereas the presence of CTA2 or CTA3 was correlated with the presence of tumor cells in the lymph nodes (p=0,023 and p=0,037, repectively). Moreover, the CTA4 expression showed to be associated with capsular rupture (p=0,005). We report here the identification of 13 CTAs frequently expressed in HNSCC and the expression of some of them was significantly associated with poor prognostic factors. These results could be important for the development of immunotherapy strategies for treating HNSCC patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1142. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1142
Angina Pectoris and Diazoxide
Authors: ROBERT W. FORTNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 November 1976Angina Pectoris and DiazoxideROBERT W. FORTNER, M.D.ROBERT W. FORTNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-5-682_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Kanada and associates make no mention of prior antihypertensive therapy in the 14 patients described in their article on angina-like syndrome with diazoxide therapy for hypertensive crisis (Ann Intern Med84:696-699, 1976). Had any of these patients been on medications such as Apresoline®, Aldomet®, propranolol, or clonidine before their hypertensive crisis? Might the use of these medications at the time of admission, or just before, predispose to the development of the "angina-like syndrome"?... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1976Volume 85, Issue 5Page: 682-682KeywordsAnginaAntihypertensive drug therapy Issue Published: 1 November 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
South African court battle damages drug industry's image
Authors: P. Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association and 39 of its members have lost one crucial battle inside Pretoria's High Court and a larger one outside. The industry's image has suffered irreparable damage from the case and has been portrayed as putting profits before lives in the country.

The multinational pharmaceutical companies are fighting the South African government's Medicines Control Act, passed in 1997. They want to stop the government adopting various measures to lower the price of drugs in the country.

The pharmaceutical manufacturers had tried in thousands …
Eruptive vellus hair cysts and steatocystoma multiplex. Variants of one entity?
Authors: P. KIENE, A. HAUSCHILD, E. CHRISTOPHERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Eruptive vellus hair cysts and steatocystoma multiplex are two clinically similar conditions which show multiple papules and nodules, mainly located over the anterior chest wall. Most cases can be differentiated on histological examination, but in some patients overlapping histological features have been described. We present a patient who showed features of both entities and interpret this as suggesting that eruptive vellus hair cysts and steatocystoma multiplex are variants of one disorder which originates in the pilosebaceous duct.
Endoscopic Aspects of Mycosis in the Upper Digestive Tract
Authors: M. Knoke, Hannelore Bernhardt
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

In an evaluation of 2537 endoscopic investigations of the upper digestive tract, yeast-like fungi were found in cultures from 53 purposive brushings (2.1 %) obtained from visible mycotic areas. In 46 cases the esophagus only was affected. In the stomach and surrounding the anastomosis after resection, we found 6 positive results. Once, findings were seen in the esophagus as well as in the stomach. Determination of the yeast-like fungi revealed Candida albicans in 43 cases. Other fungi were cultured 18 times, among them Torulopsis glabrata 3 times. In every mycosis culture it is useful to determine the species of yeast-like fungi and the drug sensitivity. Every mycosis should be assessed endoscopically with regard to its degree of severity. Endoscopy is a very important method for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal mycosis. The investigation of more easily obtainable specimens such as throat swabs or feces, may often be of no use.
Myositis Ossificans: Complication of Drug Abuse
Authors: Irvin Deutsch
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Therapeutic injections may lead to opacification of soft tissues. It is assumed that local necrosis occurs and then calcium is deposited in the resulting scar tissues. This is thought to be due to local tissue degeneration with poor blood supply. On occasion, in the resolution of intramuscular hematomas, bone is formed between the muscle fibers. The ordinary connective tissue fibroblast is supposed by some to be of bone production. The process commences as an amorphous mass of calcium and terminates as organized bone. A number of varieties of myositis ossificans has been described. Some have been labeled occupational, such as "Rider's bone" in the adductors or "football bone" in the quadriceps femoris of athletes. Should we now also add to this list "drug abuser's elbow" as in the case described below? <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> The patient was a young right-handed man who had been using hard