tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FGF-2 regulates neurogenesis and degeneration in the dentate gyrus after traumatic brain injury in mice
Authors: Shinichi Yoshimura, Tetsuyuki Teramoto, Michael J. Whalen, Michael C. Irizarry, Yasushi Takagi, Jianhua Qiu, Jun Harada, Christian Waeber, Xandra O. Breakefield, Michael A. Moskowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

We studied the role of FGF-2 on regulation of neurogenesis and cell loss in the granule cell layer (GCL) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). In both FGF-2–/– and FGF-2+/+ mice subjected to controlled cortical impact, the number of dividing cells labeled with BrdU, injected on posttrauma days 6 through 8, increased at 9 days after TBI, and the number of BrdU-positive cells colabeled with neuron-specific nuclear antigen significantly increased at 35 days. However, in injured FGF-2–/– mice, BrdU-positive cells and BrdU-positive neurons (days 9, 35) were fewer compared with FGF-2+/+ mice. There was also a decrease in the volume of the GCL and the number of GCL neurons after TBI in both FGF-2–/– and FGF-2+/+ mice, but the decrease in both was greater in FGF-2–/– mice at 35 days. Overexpression of FGF-2 by intracerebral injection of herpes simplex virus–1 amplicon vectors encoding this factor increased numbers of dividing cells (day 9) and BrdU-positive neurons (day 35) significantly in C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, the decrease in GCL volume was also attenuated. These results suggest that FGF-2 upregulates neurogenesis and protects neurons against degeneration in the adult hippocampus after TBI, and that FGF-2 supplementation via gene transfer can reduce GCL degeneration after TBI.
Millennium development goals are under threat from financial crisis
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The global economic crisis is pushing many poor nations, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa, into a danger zone and poses a serious threat that many of the United Nations’ millennium development goals will not be met by the 2015 target date. The prospects are gravest for goals related to health, warns a report by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.

Robert Zoellick, president of the World Bank, and Dominique Strauss-Kahn, managing director of the International Monetary Fund, warned that the financial crisis risks becoming “a human and social crisis.”

“The prospects of reaching the MDGs [millennium development goals] by 2015, already a cause for serious concern, now look even more distant,” the two agency chiefs observed. They emphasised that international efforts “must be …
Effects of NS1 variants of H5N1 influenza virus on interferon induction, TNFα response and p53 activity
Authors: Weizhong Li, Gefei Wang, Heng Zhang, Gang Xin, Dangui Zhang, Jun Zeng, Xiaoxuan Chen, Yanxuan Xu, Youhong Cui, Kangsheng Li
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2010)
Corticosteroids block binding of chemotactic peptide to its receptor on granulocytes and cause disaggregation of granulocyte aggregates in vitro.
Authors: K M Skubitz, P R Craddock, D E Hammerschmidt, J T August
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Inhibition of complement-mediated granulocyte aggregation has recently been proposed as a mechanism of action of high-dose corticosteroids in shock states. Postulating that such inhibition might be effected through alteration of receptors function, we examined the effect of methylprednisolone (MP), hydrocortisone (HC), and dexamethasone (DEX) on the extent and kinetics of binding of the synthetic chemotaxin f-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP) to its specific receptor on the granulocyte surface. Dose-dependent inhibition of binding was observed at corticosteroid concentrations paralleling plasma levels achieved with 30 mg/kg intravenous bolus therapy; the order of potency was MP greater than HC greater than DEX. Receptor number was unaffected by steroid exposure, but the steroids effected a decrease in association rate constant for the FMLP-receptor interaction (35% of N for 0.2 mg/ml MP), leading to decreased receptor-ligand affinity. Dissociation kinetics, as examined by cold-chase experiments, were unaltered by the corticosteroids. Furthermore, in addition to the inhibition of aggregation previously reported, aggregated granulocytes were found to disaggregate upon addition of corticosteroids; the order of potency was again MP greater than HC greater than DEX, with an MP concentration of approximately 2-3 mg/ml required to effect complete disaggregation. We conclude that corticosteroids can displace FMLP from the granulocyte surface by slowing association while allowing dissociation to proceed; altered kinetics of receptor-FMLP interaction may explain both the inhibition of granulocyte aggregation and granulocyte disaggregation. If these observations also hold for physiologic stimuli (such as C5adesarginine, which behaves similarly with respect to aggregation, inhibition, and disaggregation), such kinetic changes may be important in the clinical effects of very high-dose corticosteroids such as are administered in shock.
Structural contributions of blocked or grafted poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) on PEGylated polycaprolactone nanoparticles in siRNA delivery
Authors: Daoshu Lin, Yuanyu Huang, Qian Jiang, Wendi Zhang, Xinye Yue, Shutao Guo, Ping Xiao, Quan Du, Jinfeng Xing, Liandong Deng, Zicai Liang, Anjie Dong
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
THE NEED OF DENTAL INSTRUCTION IN MEDICAL SCHOOLS.
Authors: EDWARD BRANIGAN
Journal: JAMA (1898)

There is a great need of dental instruction in medical schools. Physicians should know more about the teeth than they now do, and when medical students are given a better knowledge of the teeth and of the many disturbances they cause, then will medical science do more for humanity than it is now doing. More than a dozen years spent in looking into the mouths of my neighbors, at the rate of hundreds of mouths a week, has revealed to my observation so many instances of improper treatment of diseases caused by the teeth, that I have long felt it my duty to protest, and I now take advantage of the opportunity given me to put my protest into the relation of experiences that have come to me so many times that I put them forth as cold facts. I shall confine myself to the narration of a few of
Confidence Regions and Hypothesis Tests for Topologies Using Generalized Least Squares
Authors: E. Susko
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

A confidence region for topologies is a data-dependent set of topologies that, with high probability, can be expected to contain the true topology. Because of the connection between confidence regions and hypothesis tests, implicitly or explicitly, the construction of confidence regions for topologies is a component of many phylogenetic studies. Existing methods for constructing confidence regions, however, often give conflicting results. The Shimodaira-Hasegawa test seems too conservative, including too many topologies, whereas the other commonly used method, the Swofford-Olsen-Waddell-Hillis test, tends to give confidence regions with too few topologies. Confidence regions are constructed here based on a generalized least squares test statistic. The methodology described is computationally inexpensive and broadly applicable to maximum likelihood distances. Assuming the model used to construct the distances is correct, the coverage probabilities are correct with large numbers of sites.
Abstract 2106: Long non-coding RNA signatures for melanoma detection in humans
Authors: Christopher Reilly, Rochelle A. Perera, Joseph Mazar, Ranjan J. Perera
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Melanoma, an aggressive carcinoma that originates in the basal layer of human epidermis, has the highest mortality rate of skin cancers in industrialized countries. Unfortunately, current treatments for metastatic melanoma provide mostly palliative benefits to only a small proportion of patients. Despite the obvious need for improvement in assessment and treatment of metastatic melanoma, the intricate mechanisms underlying melanoma transformation remain unresolved and poorly understood. Thus, there is considerable interest in understanding the molecular basis of initiation and progression of human melanomas. Recent evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a subclass of noncoding RNA (ncRNA), are associated with carcinogenesis in melanoma as well as several other human cancers. The elucidation of the molecular function of these RNA species promises to bridge gaps in our knowledge of melanoma development in humans. The expression of selected lncRNAs (CR618740 and AF091731) in a panel of melanoma cell lines (pigmented and non-pigmented), melanocytes, and keratinocytes were assayed by DNA microarray (Ncode arrays from Lifetechnologies) and further confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Next, cell lines results were tested with patient samples. Our results indicate that the differential expression of lncRNAs is an indicator of the development of melanoma, and dysregulated expression of these markers may be involved in the transition of melanocytes to melanoma. Furthermore, the presence of significant correlation between melanoma cell line characteristics (stage, cell phenotype, types of mutations and others) and lncRNA expression data may imply novel causal connection between lncRNA expression and melanoma development. Importantly, this work will investigate the new possibility that lncRNAs play an essential role in cellular regulation and represent a potential platform for melanoma progression. Thus, unraveling the differential lncRNA expression in melanoma could initiate novel understanding of melanocyte homeostasis, tissue organization, and melanoma genesis in humans. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2106. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2106
Slowdown in production of treated bed nets damages fight against malaria
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Though the malaria death rate has reduced dramatically, prevention of the disease has been set back in recent years because the supply of bed nets treated with insecticide has slowed, a World Health Organization report has said.

The World Malaria Report 2013 shows that global efforts to eliminate malaria have saved an estimated 3.3 million lives since 2000 and that between 2000 and 2012 death rates fell by 45% worldwide and by 49% in Africa.1

The annual number of cases of malaria worldwide fell from 226 million in 2000 to 207 million …
Bipartite Liver A Case Report
Authors: BRUCE E. BURTON, ELIZABETH A. AMIN, PATRICIA TISDALE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Bipartite liver is a rare anomaly that has no apparent phylogenetic significance but does represent a distinct category of congenital liver malformations. Although no associated complications have been known to occur, the potential for internal herniation of the gastrointestinal tract may exist.
Approaches and constraints to identification and quantitation of asbestos fibers
Authors: Arthur M. Langer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Asbestos fibers, members of complex crystal–chemical systems, possess some range in characteristic properties. Identification of fibers requires morphological, structural, and chemical data. Most current work centers on identification of single, sublight-microscopic fibers present as contaminants in a range of media. Constraints encountered in the analysis of such materials are: sample preparation of the differing media; level of fiber exposure (contamination); presence (kind and amount) of other particles; tissue types and their different preparation techniques; homogeneity of samples and their preparations; use of proper instrumental technique; time required for analysis, and quantitation.
Moderators of Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Helena C. Kraemer, Ellen Frank, David J. Kupfer
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Deciding who needs thrombolysis: Authors' reply
Authors: J. Rawles, J. Adams, R. Trent
Journal: BMJ (1993)

conclusions regarding the sensitivity and specificity of electrocardiographic criteria for myocardial infarction in their study therefore remains in doubt.Receiver operator characteristic curves should aim for the highest accuracy because of their value in portraying grades of diagnostic uncertainty, the therapeutic implications of diagnostic uncertainty being especially important in the risk:benefit analysis of potentially dangerous drug treatments.In this context, ST segment elevation should continue to be used as a precondition for thrombo- lytic treatment because of evidence that streptokinase given within two hours of the onset of chest pain produces the most beneficial effects on left ventricular function and survival in the subset of patients with a sum of ST segment elevation of 1*2 mV.
Human colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes suppress in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis by autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes and lamina propria lymphocytes.
Authors: G K Sachdev, H R Dalton, P Hoang, M C DiPaolo, B Crotty, D P Jewell
Journal: Gut (1993)

Human colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes have been shown to suppress the proliferation of autologous lamina propria lymphocytes and allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This study has shown that, in vitro, intraepithelial lymphocytes suppress IgA and total immunoglobulin synthesis (but not IgG or IgM production) by autologous peripheral blood and lamina propria lymphocytes. This down regulation of IgA production is mediated by a soluble factor secreted by the intraepithelial lymphocytes. There is no difference in immunoglobulin down regulation by intraepithelial lymphocytes of control subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunopathological studies in herpes gestationis
Authors: J.A. CARRUTHERS, M.M. BLACK, N. RAMNARAIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article Immunopathological studies in herpes gestationis Get access J.A. CARRUTHERS, J.A. CARRUTHERS Department of Histopathology and Experimental Pathology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, London WC2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.M. BLACK, M.M. BLACK Department of Histopathology and Experimental Pathology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, London WC2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. RAMNARAIN N. RAMNARAIN Department of Histopathology and Experimental Pathology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, London WC2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 96, Issue 1, 1 January 1977, Pages 35–43, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb05183.x Published: 01 January 1977
Riedel’s Thyroiditis and Retroperitoneal Fibrosis in Multifocal Fibrosclerosis
Authors: OLIVIER DRIESKENS, DANIEL BLOCKMANS, ANNICK VAN DEN BRUEL, LUC MORTELMANS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Purpose The authors describe F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic (FDG PET) imaging features of Riedel's thyroiditis and retroperitoneal fibrosis in a patient with multifocal fibrosclerosis. Materials and Methods A 41-year-old woman in whom Riedel's thyroiditis had been diagnosed 7 months earlier was examined for fatigue, anorexia, and lower back pain, irradiating to the abdomen. Abdominal sonography and computed tomography showed a retroperitoneal mass. A biopsy of this mass showed histopathologic findings of retroperitoneal fibrosis. FDG PET was performed to evaluate the activity of the retroperitoneal fibrosis and to screen for other areas of fibrosclerosis. Results The FDG-PET images showed an intense hypermetabolic abdominal mass surrounding the aorta and increased glucose metabolism in the thyroid. No other sites of abnormal FDG metabolism were noted. These abnormalities disappeared after 4 months of steroid therapy. Conclusions Sites of multifocal fibrosclerosis can be demonstrated by FDG PET, probably as a result of active inflammation involving lymphocytes, plasma cells, and fibroblast proliferation. FDG PET can help to establish the diagnosis of multifocal fibrosclerosis and evaluate the activity and patient response to corticosteroid therapy.
The FitzPatrick Lectures for 1904: Delivered in the Royal College of Physicians November 8th and 10th
Authors: J. F. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1904)

THE ~~~~~~~prebends tha-t he held successively.His contemporary, __ ~~~~~~~~Matthew, Paris., the* Monk of St. Albans, and well-known chronicler, who died only seven years after Richard, gives us 'yttilvarith Wtturrs fr 19 04 further particnlarg about
Innervation of the Transplanted Heart
Authors: Eugene Braunwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

With the waning of newspaper headlines proclaiming the technical feat of another "successful" human heart transplantation (followed only too often by the announcement on an inside page of the paper of the patient's death days or weeks later), serious scientific inquiries into the immunologic, physiologic, psychologic, social and economic consequences of this extraordinary operation are beginning. Barnard demonstrated in the very first patient that the function of the donor heart is capable of sustaining the recipient's circulation, and even of reversing many of the deleterious extracardiac consequences of congestive heart failure. In their paper elsewhere in this issue, Shaver and . . .
Patient-Controlled Analgesia
Authors: Franklin J. Day
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the SPECIAL COMMUNICATION by Dr White,<sup>1</sup>the following statement was made: "With repeated or continuous administration of narcotic analgesics, tolerance will develop to the desirable (eg, analgesic) and the undesirable (eg, nausea and constipation) pharmacologic effects. As a result, progressively larger narcotic doses may be required to produce the same degree of pain relief during the postoperative period." This statement is not referenced and I do not believe it to be true. It also is not supported by the data shown in Figs 3 and 4 in the article, which show that the total doses of narcotics required tend to decrease in the postoperative period. Could the author please clarify this?
Estrogen as a Carcinogen
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparing Costs and Quality of Care at Retail Clinics With That of Other Medical Settings for 3 Common Illnesses
Authors: Ateev Mehrotra, Hangsheng Liu, John L. Adams, Margaret C. Wang, Judith R. Lave, N. Marcus Thygeson, Leif I. Solberg, Elizabeth A. McGlynn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Background: Retail clinics are an increasingly popular source for medical care. Concerns have been raised about the effect of these clinics on the cost, quality, and delivery of preventive care. Objective: To compare the care received at retail clinics for 3 acute conditions with that received at other care settings. Design: Claims data from 2005 and 2006 from the health plan were aggregated into care episodes (units that included initial and follow-up visits, pharmaceuticals, and ancillary tests). After 2100 episodes (700 each) were identified in which otitis media, pharyngitis, and urinary tract infection (UTI) were treated first in retail clinics, these episodes were matched with other episodes in which these illnesses were treated first in physician offices, urgent care centers, or emergency departments. Setting: Enrollees of a large Minnesota health plan. Patients: Enrollees who received care for otitis media, pharyngitis, or UTI. Measurements: Costs per episode, performance on 14 quality indicators, and receipt of 7 preventive care services at the initial appointment or subsequent 3 months. Results: Overall costs of care for episodes initiated at retail clinics were substantially lower than those of matched episodes initiated at physician offices, urgent care centers, and emergency departments ($110 vs. $166, $156, and $570, respectively; P < 0.001 for each comparison). Prescription costs were similar in retail clinics, physician offices, and urgent care centers ($21, $21, and $22), as were aggregate quality scores (63.6%, 61.0%, and 62.6%) and patient's receipt of preventive care (14.5%, 14.2%, and 13.7%) (P > 0.05 vs. retail clinics). In emergency departments, average prescription costs were higher and aggregate quality scores were significantly lower than in other settings. Limitations: A limited number of quality measures and preventive care services were studied. Despite matching, patients at different care sites might differ in their severity of illness. Conclusion: Retail clinics provide less costly treatment than physician offices or urgent care centers for 3 common illnesses, with no apparent adverse effect on quality of care or delivery of preventive care. Primary Funding Source: California HealthCare Foundation.