tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Chelation Therapy with Succimer on Neuropsychological Development in Children Exposed to Lead
Authors: Walter J. Rogan, Kim N. Dietrich, James H. Ware, Douglas W. Dockery, Mikhail Salganik, Jerilynn Radcliffe, Robert L. Jones, N. Beth Ragan, J. Julian Chisolm, George G. Rhoads
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Thousands of children, especially poor children living in deteriorated urban housing, are exposed to enough lead to produce cognitive impairment. It is not known whether treatment to reduce blood lead levels prevents or reduces such impairment.
Sclerosing 'mucinous' blue naevus
Authors: F. Rongioletti, D. Innocenzi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Abundant mucin deposition is an unusual finding in melanocytic naevi. We describe the first example, to our knowledge, of a sclerosing blue naevus with an abundant mucinous stroma in two unrelated patients. This uncommon variant of blue naevus should be differentiated from desmoplastic-neurotropic melanoma, in which the presence of mucin stromal deposition is a more typical finding.
Isoproterenol and Electrocardiographic Findings
Authors: Harvey J. Berger, Travis Winsor
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 February 1976Isoproterenol and Electrocardiographic FindingsHARVEY J. BERGER, TRAVIS WINSOR, M.D., F.A.C.P.HARVEY J. BERGERSearch for more papers by this author, TRAVIS WINSOR, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-2-221_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their recent paper, Shim and Williams (Ann Intern Med 83:208-211, 1975) reported that multiple doses of isoproterenol aerosol did not produce cardiac conduction defects, arrhythmias, or ST-segment changes in asthmatic patients who regularly used isoproterenol. In contrast, we have found that isoproterenol administered in similar therapeutic doses to patients with various conditions results in electrocardiographic changes consistent with myocardial ischemia (1, 2).Retrospectively, we identified seven patients with bronchial asthma who had developed ST-segment depression during aerosol administration of isoproterenol. Two of these patients evolved subendocardial infarcts with characteristic substernal chest pain and enzyme changes. One...References1. WINSORWRIGHTBERGER TRH: Isoproterenol toxicity. Am Heart J 89:814-817, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. WINSORMILLSWINBURY TBM: Intramyocardial diversion of coronary blood flow: effects of isoproterenol-induced subendocardial ischemia. Microvasc Res 9:261-278, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIsoproterenol and Electrocardiographic FindingsMICHAEL D. YOUNG, M.D., PH.D. 1 February 1976Volume 84, Issue 2Page: 221-222KeywordsArrhythmiaAsthmaElectrocardiographyEnzymesIschemiaIsoproterenol Issue Published: 1 February 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
CD59 deficiency is associated with chronic hemolysis and childhood relapsing immune-mediated polyneuropathy
Authors: Yoram Nevo, Bruria Ben-Zeev, Adi Tabib, Rachel Straussberg, Yair Anikster, Zamir Shorer, Aviva Fattal-Valevski, Asaf Ta-Shma, Sharon Aharoni, Malcolm Rabie, Shamir Zenvirt, Hanoch Goldshmidt, Yakov Fellig, Avraham Shaag, Dror Mevorach, Orly Elpeleg
Journal: Blood (2012)
New Therapeutic Strategies for Patients With Gastrointestinal Malignancies Using Biochemical Modulation of Fluorouracil
Authors: Carmen J. Allegra
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>SELECTED CASE</h3> A 53-year-old man was evaluated for a several-month history of generalized fatigue and vague lower abdominal cramping. A barium enema revealed an encircling lesion in the distal sigmoid colon, and computed tomographic scanning of the abdomen revealed multiple hepatic defects consistent with metastatic disease. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy with resection of the sigmoid colon and a needle biopsy of one of the hepatic masses. The pathology demonstrated a moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma arising in the sigmoid colon with metastatic spread to the liver. The patient was referred to the National Cancer Institute and enrolled in a clinical trial using a combination of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and interferon alfa. After 3 months of therapy, the patient's repeat computed tomographic examination of the liver demonstrated regression of his metastatic disease by greater than 50%. In addition, his serum carcinoembryonic antigen level had fallen to 7.3 μg/L from a
Technetium-99m Glucoheptonate Imaging: Meningocele
Authors: JOHN R. STY, ROBERT G. WELLS, JULIE KRECAK, DAVID C. GREGG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Meningocele and myelomeningocele are two of the more common abnormalities of the spinal cord and meninges. They occur because of herniation of distended meninges through a dysraphic spine. Approximately 70% are below the level of L2. The pathogenesis of rachischisis is unknown. They are frequently associated with abnormalities of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems. Sixty to 90% of the patients have hydrocephalus. A large photon-deficient right upper quadrant mass was discovered in a 6-month-old infant who had Tc-99m glucoheptonate renal imaging. Computed tomography demonstrated a large meningocele. Meningocele should be included in the differential diagnosis of photon-deficient masses seen with glucoheptonate renal imaging.
Glomerular inflammation induces resistance to tubular injury in the rat. A novel form of acquired, heme oxygenase-dependent resistance to renal injury.
Authors: B A Vogt, T P Shanley, A Croatt, J Alam, K J Johnson, K A Nath
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Considerable attention is directed to a surprising biologic phenomenon wherein tissues exposed to one insult acquire resistance to another. We identify a novel example of acquired resistance to acute renal failure and a mechanism that contributes to such resistance. Nephrotoxic serum, administered to rats 24 h before the induction of glycerol-induced acute renal failure, reduces functional and structural injury that occurs in this model. Since heme oxygenase, the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation, protects against heme protein-induced renal injury, we questioned whether induction of heme oxygenase underlies the protection afforded by nephrotoxic serum. Kidney heme oxygenase (HO-1) mRNA was induced 6 h after nephrotoxic serum and renal tubules were identified as the site of expression of heme oxygenase protein. Induction of heme oxygenase was accompanied by increased renal content of ferritin but not by induction of other antioxidant enzymes. Inhibition of heme oxygenase prevented the protection afforded by nephrotoxic serum. Nephrotoxic serum did not protect against ischemic acute renal failure, a model in which heme oxygenase is not induced. Thus, nephrotoxic serum protects against glycerol-induced acute renal failure by inducing heme oxygenase in tubules. This study provides the first demonstration of resistance to tubular injury acquired from glomerular inflammation, uncovers a mechanism for such resistance, and exposes the dialogue that occurs between glomeruli and tubules.
Diphtheria Antitoxin Content of Human Immune Serum Globulins
Authors: RICHARD V. McCLOSKEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

The diphtheria antitoxin content was determined in the following preparations obtained from four manufacturers: immune serum globulin, pertussis immune globulin, vaccinia immune globulin, and tetanus immune globulin. These were compared with diphtheria antitoxin of equine origin. None of the lots tested contained diphtheria antitoxin in sufficient concentration to allow use of the human globulins for antitoxic therapy of diphtheria. Since the incidence of diphtheria is increasing in the United States, a specific human diphtheria immune serum globulin for intravenous use should be developed. This would afford antitoxic therapy without hypersensitivity reactions, an unavoidable risk with the current equine diphtheria antitoxin.
In vitro synthesis of hemoglobin and hemoglobin chains in the BFUe‐derived colonies from persons with α‐ or β‐thalassemia
Authors: T. H. J. Huisman, A. L. Reese, B. Webber, K. Okonjo, C. Altay, A. E. Felice
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract The synthesis of α and non‐α chains of human hemoglobin (Hb) was studied in reticulocytes and in BFUe‐derived cell colonies from patients with α chain or β chain deficiencies. The subjects included normal adults (αα/αα) with or without a β chain variant (Hb S, Hb Leslie) or an α chain variant (Hb G‐Georgia); α‐thalassemia‐2 heterozygotes (α 0 α/αα) with an α chain variant (G‐Georgia or G‐Philadelphia); an α‐thalassemia‐1 heterozygote (α 0 α 0 /αα); α‐thalassemia‐2 homozygotes (α 0 α/α 0 α) with a β chain variant (Hb S), an α chain variant (G‐Philadelphia), a Hb S homozygosity with Hb G‐Philadelphia, or a Hb G‐Philadelphia homozygosity; and three black β + ‐thalassemia homozygotes. Data from reticulocyte in vitro synthesis analyses showed the expected deficiencies. However, similar analyses of the Hb synthesized in cell colonies (even from the black β‐thalassemia homozygotes) gave (nearly) balanced ∑α/∑non‐α ratios. It is speculated that this balanced synthesis is due to a most effective proteolysis in the immature erythroblast which rapidly removes free α or β chains. The levels of Hb F and Hb A 2 were considerably increased in these proerythroblasts; a two‐ to threefold increase in the synthesis of Hb A 2 was observed over that seen in the reticulocytes.
Association of Acting Assistant Surgeons U. S. Army.
Authors: Wm. Thornton Parker
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In reply to a letter concerning the status of this organization, we have the following letter from Dr. Parker: Groveland, Mass, May 12, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Replying to your letter, in which you state, as Dr. Shrady and others have done, that "a society which has no time of meeting can not be said to have any pronounced standing," I would state that our Association is fast going to pieces. Acting assistant surgeons no longer exist in the army. The new generation of army medical officers do not know of them except by hearsay. The brave deeds of the acting assistant surgeons have nearly been forgotten. There is no one brave enough and unselfish enough to plead for them. TheAmerican Medical Associationhas heard their cry, but has never helped them. Each year our notices have many which are returned with the simple word,<i>dead</i>. Our members have
Role of mucosal injury in initiating recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Authors: D Wray, E A Graykowski, A L Notkins
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The buccal mucosa of 30 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 15 healthy controls was injured by suture and penetration with a tenaculum and a hypodermic needle and each of the six puncture wounds produced monitored for up to seven days for the development of ulcers. Altogether 26 lesions were induced in 13 patients, whereas none occurred in the controls (p less than 0.001). Sutures caused most of the lesions (15), and those so induced had a mean maximum diameter of 2.3 mm and lasted for an average of four days. Ulcers induced mechanically were clinically indistinguishable from those usually seen in the patients, except that they were generally smaller and healed more quickly. These findings confirm that mechanically induced injury of the oral mucosa may cause ulceration in people susceptible to aphthous stomatitis. Such a procedure may therefore be helpful in identifying subsets of patients.
STREPTOCOCCUS VACCINE AS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE FOR SCARLET FEVER
Authors: D. V. NIKITIN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

I began experiments with streptococcus vaccine at the suggestion of the late G. N. Gabritchevski 1 in January, 1906. At first, vaccination was done only in a hospital for the purpose of studying the clinical picture of the postvaccinal sickness, but it was later transferred to a dispensary and finally, done locally in those villages in which the first cases of scarlet fever had been reported.  The vaccine was prepared by the bacteriologic institute of the Moscow University.  To sum up all the vaccinations carried in the lapse of a year since the end of January, 1906, I may state that there were in all 1,187 vaccinations on 767 persons, 149 of whom were vaccinated thrice; 106, twice, and 528, once.  The method of inoculation employed was as follows: The vaccine, which appeared as a turbid fluid, was shaken before use and injected subcutaneously by means of a Pravaz syringe.
Agranulocytosis associated with chronic oral administration of cloxacillin for suppression of staphylococcal osteomyelitis
Authors: I. Shah, K. S. Kumar, A. M. Lerner
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract Oral cloxacillin was used for chronic suppression of a 59‐year‐old woman with staphylococcal osteomyelitis. She received 380.5 gm of cloxacillin over 263 consecutive days. Severe agranulocytosis followed, reverting rapidly to normal with cessation of drug. The absence of signs of an allergic reaction such as rash, fever, or eosinophilia suggests that cloxacillin, like other semisynthetic penicillins, may exert a direct bone marrow toxicity.
Deletion of Iron Regulatory Protein 1 Causes Polycythemia and Pulmonary Hypertension in Mice through Translational Derepression of HIF2α
Authors: Manik C. Ghosh, De-Liang Zhang, Suh Young Jeong, Gennadiy Kovtunovych, Hayden Ollivierre-Wilson, Audrey Noguchi, Tiffany Tu, Thomas Senecal, Gabrielle Robinson, Daniel R. Crooks, Wing-Hang Tong, Kavitha Ramaswamy, Anamika Singh, Brian B. Graham, Rubin M. Tuder, Zu-Xi Yu, Michael Eckhaus, Jaekwon Lee, Danielle A. Springer, Tracey A. Rouault
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2013)
Wouldn't it be NICE to consider patients' views when rationing health care?
Authors: J. Speight, M. Reaney
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Cost effectiveness is arguably the most influential factor in the provision of health care in the 21st century. Health technology assessments, performed by organisations such as the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), can make or break a drug—and, consequently, make or break the lives of many people who may benefit from that drug—but NICE is failing to take patients’ opinions into consideration when rationing healthcare interventions.

Cost effectiveness analysis compares the costs of an intervention with its benefits to health. The aim is to see whether or not it is worth spending money on this intervention, to maximise health benefits within a resource limited health service.

NICE’s appraisals are based primarily on a type of cost effectiveness analysis called cost utility analysis, in which the benefits are expressed in terms of the quality and quantity of life delivered by a given treatment when it is compared to the alternatives—quality adjusted life years (QALYs). NICE’s unofficial cost effectiveness threshold range for funding a treatment is £20 000 (€22 00; $31 000) to £30 000 per QALY,1 although this figure has no basis in either theory or evidence, and you could …
Children with asthma.
Authors: J. M. Stephen
Journal: BMJ (1968)

revealed a characteristic alteration of the ganglion cells with many intracytoplasmic membranous structures which are possibly phospholipids (see Figure ).The close morpho- logical resemblance between these inclusions and those described in amaurotic familial idiocy is apparent when comparing the elec- tronmicrograph of a human cerebral ganglion Electronmicrograph of rat ganglion cell from a chloroquine-treated hooded rat (100 mg./kg.daily for 12 months).The cytoplasm contains many membranous structures.cell in Tay-Sachs disease' with our own ob- servation.The striking similarity between the two entities at both the macroscopic and ultrastructural levels suggests the possibility of common features in the pathogenesis of these specific lesions.-Weare, etc.,
Abstract CT228: A phase II study of afatinib (A) in patients (pts) with metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive trastuzumab (T) refractory esophagogastric (EG) cancer
Authors: Yelena Y. Janjigian, Tooba Imtiaz, David H. Ilson, David B. Solit, Michael F. Berger, Efsevia Vakiani
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Trastuzumab (T) combined with chemotherapy has been the standard of care for pts with HER2+ EG cancer. Resistance to T is now emerging in this population. Afatinib (A), a potent ErbB Family Blocker, induced nearly complete tumor regression in MSKCC HER2+ patient derived xenografts (PDX). We report the initial results of a phase II study of afatinib in patients with T refractory EG cancer. Methods: Pts with HER2+ (IHC 3+ or FISH&amp;gt;2.0) EG cancer -progressive on trastuzumab -received A 40 mg. Archival pre-T tissue, tumor biopsy after progression on T and after 1 week on A mandated on protocol. The primary endpoint-overall disease control: stable disease (SD) or partial response (PR). Results: 14 pts treated with A; median duration 5.1 mos (1.7 to 12.1 mos), median 2 (1 to 4) prior T regimens, 64% of tumors IHC3+; 36% IHC2+/FISH&amp;gt;2.2. Adverse events included: diarrhea (Grade 1/2:69%), fatigue (Grade1/2: 54%), rash (Grade 1/2:54%), mucositis (Grade1: 23%), paronychia (Grade 1/2:15%). 4 of 14 pts (28%) with disease control (PR or SD); including 1 pt with confirmed PR - a durable 75% regression of biopsy proven metastases. Median OS 6.6 mos (1.9 to NR). PDXs established from biopsies of T refractory tumors of 5 pts. EGFR amplification was detected in the tumor of the patient with PR on afatinib, suggesting EGFR amplification as a predictor of response to afatinib. High level of HER2 amplification was retained in post-trastuzumab resistance sample suggesting ongoing dependence on HER2. PIK3CA mutations were observed in tumors of 33% (2 of 6) patients, ERBB3 mutations in 33% cases (2 of 6), and MTOR or FBXW7 mutations in 50% (3 of 6) patients. Conclusions: Afatinib shows clinical efficacy in patients with T refractory EG cancer. The study met the criteria for expansion of the accrual based on original Simon's minimax two-stage design. Efforts to elucidate the mechanisms of T resistance including validation of potential drivers of T resistance using HER2+ PDXs are ongoing. Updated molecular and clinical data will be presented. Citation Format: Yelena Y. Janjigian, Tooba Imtiaz, David H. Ilson, David B, Solit, Michael F. Berger, Efsevia Vakiani. A phase II study of afatinib (A) in patients (pts) with metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive trastuzumab (T) refractory esophagogastric (EG) cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr CT228. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-CT228
Acetylsalicylic acid and renal function.
Authors: I L Nielsen, S Rasmussen, T Hilden
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Acetylsalicylic acid and renal functionSalicylate treatment may decrease renal function in normal persons as well as in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheuma- toid arthritis.' 2 Because acetylsalicylic acid is widely used and valuable in connective tissue diseases we have prospectively examined its effect on the glomerular filtration rate in patients with temporal arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica and in patients with mild osteoarthrosis. Patients, methods, and resultsSix patients with temporal arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica were examined.Five were taking prednisolone.This group was compared with six persons with osteoarthrosis.In both groups there was no history of renal diseases and pretreatment serum creatinine concentrations were normal.Each patient in both groups was given 3-4 g acetylsalicylic acid daily for two weeks, and the serum salicylate concentration was measured after one and two weeks' treatment.Blood samples were taken in the morning before medicine and food were taken.The serum creatinine concentration was measured before and after one and two weeks' treatment.The mean serum salicylate concentration after one week was 1450 tLmol/l (20 mg/100 ml) (range 700-2300 jimol/I (10-32 mg/100 ml)) and after two weeks' treatment 1300,Lmol/l (18 mg/100 ml) (range 700-1800 Hmol/l (10-25 mg/100 ml)), compared with an anti-inflammatory therapeutic range of 1087-2174,Lmol/l (15-30 mg/100 ml) previously reported.The glomerular filtration rate was measured by means of "5Cr-EDTA clearance3 before and after two weeks' treatment.Plasma volume was measured with 25I-albumin, and the patients were weighed.We found no changes in serum creatinine or "Cr-EDTA clearance during acetylsalicylic acid treatment.There was a slight but insignificant increase in the patients' plasma volume and weight in both groups.
CardioRenal Disorders and Diseases
Authors: Carl F. Anderson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

longest chapters encompass approximately 25 pages. The strength of the book is in the description of the clinical manifestations of each disease entity. Up-to-date and complete information is provided. Thus, the book is an excellent source of basic knowledge for the medical student, medical resident, or family physician seeking to learn more about rheumatology. The treatment of rheumatic disease is also covered but in a much more general fashion; therefore, this book cannot be used as a how-to manual for determining therapeutic approaches to rheumatic diseases. Although each chapter includes a few selected references that should be helpful to readers, in general the bibliographies are insufficient to serve as a springboard to the literature to pursue specific topics of interest. Even though the book is multiauthored, the participation of the primary authors in the writing of many of the chapters and the thorough job of editing achieve uniformity from chapter to chapter, making the book very readable. The main weakness of the book is in the introductory basic science chapters. These chapters are replete with current information on immunology and provide an excellent summary for someone already knowledgeable in the field. For readers who lack a fundamental knowledge of modern immunology, however, the information will be too complex to be helpful. I highly recommend this book for anyone seeking a good introduction to the field of clinical rheumatology. It is well written, interesting to read, accurate, and current and can be read from cover to cover within a practical time frame.
Depression and Globalization: The Politics of Mental Health in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: John C. Markowitz
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal