tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal Tumors and Hereditary Pheochromocytoma-Paraganglioma Syndrome Type 4
Authors: Anthony J. Gill, Nicholas S. Pachter, Adele Clarkson, Katherine M. Tucker, Ingrid M. Winship, Diana E. Benn, Bruce G. Robinson, Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

This letter indicates that immunohistochemical analysis to detect succinic dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) protein can screen renal tumors for underlying SDHB germline mutations at a fraction of the time and cost of formal genetic testing.
Induction of multiple autoantibodies to islet cell antigens during treatment with interferon alpha for chronic hepatitis C
Authors: H E WASMUTH
Journal: Gut (2001)

Editor,—Induction or augmentation of autoimmunity during the treatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon alpha is a well known phenomenon and a matter of great concern to physicians involved in the field of viral hepatitis. In recent years there have been a number of reports suggesting a link between the antiviral therapy and the development of antibodies to multiple autoantigens. In a recent issue of Gut , Wesche et al ((2001) Gut 48:378–83.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]) described the appearance of antibodies to 21-hydroxylase, an autoantigen of the adrenal cortex, and autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and the tyrosine phosphatase IA2 (IA2), both important autoantigens with respect to the pathogenesis of autoimmune (type 1) diabetes. Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA2 appeared during or after therapy with alpha interferon for chronic hepatitis C in 5/62 and 1/62 patients, respectively. However, … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DDiabetes%252Fmetabolism%2Breviews%26rft.stitle%253DDiabetes%2BMetab%2BRev%26rft.aulast%253DSchranz%26rft.auinit1%253DD.%2BB.%26rft.volume%253D14%26rft.issue%253D1%26rft.spage%253D3%26rft.epage%253D29%26rft.atitle%253DImmunology%2Bin%2Bdiabetes%253A%2Ban%2Bupdate.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1002%252F%2528SICI%25291099-0895%2528199803%252914%253A1%253C3%253A%253AAID-DMR206%253E3.0.CO%253B2-T%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F9605628%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/(SICI)1099-0895(199803)14:1<3::AID-DMR206>3.0.CO;2-T&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=9605628&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F49%2F4%2F596.2.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000074859100002&link_type=ISI
Liver Function Values in Adults Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Keith D. Lindor
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A retrospective review was made of results of conventional liver function tests in adult patients who received fat-free total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for two weeks or longer and who did not have other obvious causes for liver function abnormalities. A "meaningful" increase (≥50% increase above baseline pre-TPN value) in SGOT levels was noted in 68% of patients, in alkaline phosphatase levels in 54%, and in serum bilirubin levels in 21% of patients. The median peak values for SGOT, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin were 3-, 1.9-, and 0.25-fold above the upper limit of normal, respectively. The median time interval of peak increase for each of the three tests was between 9 and 12 days after TPN was started. Liver biopsy specimens from four patients, taken when liver function values were abnormal, showed pronounced steatosis in three patients and mild periportal cholestasis in the fourth patient. The cause(s) of the elevated liver values is unknown, but possibilities include cellular damage, such as steatosis, and an "overshoot" of enzymes when starved patients are refed. (<i>JAMA</i>241:2398-2400, 1979)
Matched Ventilation-Perfusion Becomes Mismatched Ventilation-Perfusion Lung Imaging After Resolution of Carcinoma of the Bronchus
Authors: W J SHIH, M L DILLON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Airway occlusion results in regional alveolar hypoxia followed by reflex hypoxic pulmonary arterial constriction. Ventilation-perfusion imaging demonstrates matched defects. In the two patients reported, occlusion of the main bronchus by bronchogenic carcinoma was resolved—in one case by radiation therapy, and in the other by removal of the tumor mass in the bronchus by bronchial slitted biopsy. The initially matched ventilation-perfusion findings became mismatched. While ventilation was presumed to be normal, pulmonary perfusion was not completely reversed.
Serum Hepatitis from Transfusions of Blood
Authors: J. Garrott Allen
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Factors influencing the frequency of occurrence of serum hepatitis from blood transfusions were sought in a study of a randomized sample of 21.4% of 11,627 patients who had received transfusions. The number of transfusions received by a given patient was a more important factor than age, blood group, race, or sex. Women received more transfusions than did men. The difference was accounted for by the frequency of transfusions given for mastectomy, gynecologic operations, and puerperal hemorrhage. Among patients who did develop hepatitis, the mortality rate was 0 for age-groups less than 35 years old and 20% for age-groups more than 40 years old. In one-half of the cases, jaundice appeared between the 30th and 60th day after transfusion.
A British Medical Association Lecture on THE PSYCHOLOGICAL INTEREST IN GENERAL PRACTICE
Authors: F. G. Crookshank
Journal: BMJ (1932)

<h3>Summary</h3> A library of well-characterized human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines from clinically healthy human subjects could serve as a useful resource of normal controls for <i>in vitro</i> human development, disease modeling, genotype-phenotype association studies, and drug response evaluation. We report generation and extensive characterization of a gender-balanced, racially/ethnically diverse library of hiPSC lines from 40 clinically healthy human individuals who range in age from 22-61. The hiPSCs match the karyotype and short tandem repeat identity of their parental fibroblasts, and have a transcription profile characteristic of pluripotent stem cells. We provide whole genome sequencing data for one hiPSC clone from each individual, genomic ancestry determination, and analysis of Mendelian disease genes and risks. We document similar transcriptomic profiles, single-cell RNA-seq derived cell clusters and physiology of cardiomyocytes differentiated from multiple independent hiPSC lines. This extensive characterization makes this hiPSC library a valuable resource for many studies on human biology.
Treatment of Heroin Dependence
Authors: Joseph O. Merrill, Ron Jackson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters16 January 2001Treatment of Heroin DependenceJoseph O. Merrill, MD, MPH and Ron Jackson, MSWJoseph O. Merrill, MD, MPHUniversity of Washington; Harborview Medical Center (Merrill)Evergreen Treatment Services; Seattle, WA 98134-1618 (Jackson)Search for more papers by this author and Ron Jackson, MSWUniversity of Washington; Harborview Medical Center (Merrill)Evergreen Treatment Services; Seattle, WA 98134-1618 (Jackson)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-2-200101160-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their excellent review of pharmacologic treatment of heroin dependence, O'Connor and Fiellin (1) highlight the progress being made toward reintegrating addiction treatment into medical care settings. The separation of the addiction treatment system from mainstream medicine has limited physician knowledge about addictions and has isolated and stigmatized the system itself. One response to this separation is “medical maintenance,” the treatment of stabilized methadone recipients in physician office–based practices. The authors assert that such programs will require regulatory changes to become feasible, yet recent progress has been made toward moving such programs into the mainstream. Previously, all ...Reference1. O'Connor PG, Fiellin DA. Pharmacologic treatment of heroin-dependent patients. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:40-54. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Washington; Harborview Medical Center (Merrill)Evergreen Treatment Services; Seattle, WA 98134-1618 (Jackson) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPharmacologic Treatment of Heroin-Dependent Patients Patrick G. O'Connor and David A. Fiellin Metrics Cited ByOptimising treatment in opioid dependency in primary care: results from a national key stakeholder and expert focus group in IrelandHistory and current status of opioid maintenance treatments: blending conference session 16 January 2001Volume 134, Issue 2Page: 165-166KeywordsFood and Drug AdministrationHeroinInvestigational new drugOpioid addictionPatientsSubstance abuse ePublished: 16 January 2001 Issue Published: 16 January 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Prescription drugs in a mail order diet aid
Authors: J. J. Ambre
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.—  Most physicians would agree that the safest way to lose and/or control body weight is by modification of eating habits. Anorexiant drugs may sometimes be used appropriately as short-term adjunctive therapy in the treatment of obesity. Because of potential adverse effects, these drugs, with the exception of phenylpropanolamine, are prescription and controlled substances. Benzodiazepines, sometimes used to counter the undesirable stimulant side effects of the anorexiants, are also available only by prescription.  It has come to our attention that a diet aid, known as Diennet, promoted as a nutritional supplement, is very popular and widely used in southern California. The  food supplement consists of three different capsules, to be taken twice per day. It is sold by mail order from France by an individual known as Dr Diennet (Dee-en-ay). One capsule is clear and contains yellow granular material labeled to consist of hawthorn berry, beta carotene,
Lung manifestations in leptospirosis
Authors: S. C. Poh, C. S. Soh
Journal: Thorax (1970)

Two cases of leptospirosis presenting with cough and haemoptysis are described, together with their pulmonary radiological features. The various radiological chest findings are reviewed together with the pathogenesis and pathology of the lesions. Although the pulmonary involvement due to a haemorrhagic pneumonitis in leptospirosis is usually an incidental finding, occasionally it is the most pronounced clinical manifestation of the disease, and may present a difficult diagnostic problem. It has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of diffuse miliary infiltrations or consolidation seen on the chest radiographs, especially in countries where both pulmonary tuberculosis and leptospirosis are not uncommon diseases.
A pig model of the human gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Quanshun Zhang, Giovanni Widmer, Saul Tzipori
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

Easy access to next generation sequencing has enabled the rapid analysis of complex microbial populations. To take full advantage of these technologies, animal models enabling the manipulation of human microbiomes and the study of the impact of such perturbations on the host are needed. To this aim we are developing experimentally tractable and clinically relevant pig models of the human adult and infant gastro-intestinal tract. The intestine of germ-free piglets was populated with human adult or infant fecal microbial populations, and the piglets were maintained on solid or milk diet, respectively. Amplicons of 16S rRNA V6 region were deep-sequenced to monitor to what extent the transplanted human microbiomes changed in the pig. Within 24 h of transfer of human fecal microbiome to pigs, bacterial microbiomes rich in Proteobacteria emerged. These populations evolved toward a more diverse composition rich in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. In the experiment where infant microbiome was used, the phylogenetic composition of the transplanted bacterial population converged toward that of the human inoculum. A majority of sequences belonged to a relatively small number of operational taxonomic units, whereas at the other end of the abundance spectrum, a large number of rare and transient OTUs were detected. Analysis of fecal and colonic microbiomes originating from the same animal indicate that feces closely replicate the colonic microbiome. We conclude that the pig intestine can be colonized with human fecal microbiomes to generate a realistic model of the human GI tract.
Protective Effects of Tranexamic Acid on Clopidogrel Before Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Jia Shi, Hongwen Ji, Facheng Ren, Gang Wang, Meiying Xu, Yuliang Xue, Min Chen, Juan Qi, Lihuan Li
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Excessive bleeding and transfusion increase morbidity and mortality in patients receiving coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), especially in those exposed to antiplatelet agents.To evaluate the influence and interaction of clopidogrel bisulfate and tranexamic acid on bleeding and transfusion outcomes.A multicenter randomized and blinded trial.Seven medical centers across China.Patients eligible for randomization were 1173 men and women aged 18 to 85 years undergoing primary and isolated on-pump CABG; 570 adults were randomized and 552 were analyzed. Patients were recruited and stratified into 3 levels according to preoperative clopidogrel exposure (clopidogrel ingestion ≤7 days, clopidogrel discontinuation >7 days, and nonexposure).Patients were randomized to receive tranexamic acid (10-mg/kg-1 bolus and 10-mg/kg-1/h-1 maintenance dose) or placebo.The primary outcomes included blood loss, major bleeding, and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion volume and exposure.As compared with controls, clopidogrel increased blood loss (mean difference [MD], 270 mL; 95% CI, 135 to 404 mL), major bleeding (risk difference [RD], 18.5; 95% CI, 7.85 to 29.2), volume of RBCs transfused (MD, 2.97 U; 95% CI, 1.51 to 4.43 U), and RBC transfusion exposure (RD, 17.9; 95% CI, 8.51 to 27.2). As compared with placebo, tranexamic acid reduced blood loss (MD, -278 mL; 95% CI, -380 mL to -176 mL), major bleeding (RD, -19.5; 95% CI, -27.7 to -11.4), volume of RBCs transfused (MD, -2.58 U; 95% CI -3.61 U to -1.55 U), and RBC transfusion exposure (RD, -18.9; 95% CI, -26.4 to -11.4). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a significantly enhanced effect of tranexamic acid especially in patients with impaired platelet function.Preoperative clopidogrel exposure increased bleeding and transfusion requirements in patients receiving on-pump CABG. Tranexamic acid reduced this risk and provided extra protection selectively in the patients with persistent clopidogrel exposure within 7 days before surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATIONL clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01060163.
Basophil Activation Test in Immediate Allergy to Betalactams-Reviewing Stimulation Index and Positivity Criteria
Authors: A LOPESPREGAL, A MELO, M CONCEICAOSANTOS, I MASCARENHAS, A SPINOLASANTOS, S LOPESSILVA, E PEDRO, M PEREIRABARBOSA
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
T-Cell Subsets
Authors: Abraham Nathan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was delighted to read the article by James S. Goodwin, MD, entitled "OKT3, OKT4, and All That" (1981;246:947). In making rounds, there is always an aggressive, zealous, attending physician who asks for the postprandial serum porcelain. It appears that he read about it in some obscure journal from Lower Slobovia. And let us not forget the compleat physician who, when faced with an obviously dying patient, requests a sedimentation rate. Some physicians operate on cloud nine or like to hear themselves talk. Let's get with it, doctors! We have a real world to treat, not laboratory tests.
John Mark Reid
Authors: D. M Brown
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former consultant anaesthetist Glasgow Royal Infirmary (b Ayrshire 1931; q Glasgow University 1955; DA, FFARCS), d 27 February 2003.

John M Reid was an innovator in many specialties associated with anaesthesia. After qualifying (he and his twin brother both graduated in medicine at Glasgow University in 1955), he served in the Royal Army Medical Corps, attached to military intelligence. He was appointed consultant anaesthetist at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary in 1966, where he helped set up one of the earliest intensive care units in the United Kingdom. When it became policy in the early 1990s to have all dental procedures under anaesthesia carried out in hospital conditions, John supervised the setting up of such a clinic within the infirmary. In the latter part of his career he set up the infirmary's pain relief clinic. He leaves a wife, Anne, and four sons.
Concordance for Drug-Induced Aplastic Anemia in Identical Twins
Authors: Takeshi Nagao, Alvin M. Mauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Aplastic anemia developed in identical twins exposed to chloramphenicol. The similar courses suggested that genetically determined factors were involved in this form of response to the drug administration. In one twin the onset lagged slightly behind, and recovery occurred somewhat ahead of the other. An opportunity was afforded therefore to study the course of the disease from an early phase to full recovery. The nature of the bone-marrow changes, coupled with observation of tritiated thymidine labeling indexes during the disease, is consistent with a concept that the responsible defect was failure of delivery of cells from an undifferentiated stem-cell compartment.
The role of cytotoxic skin-homing CD8+ lymphocytes in cutaneous cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma and pityriasis lichenoides
Authors: Joerg Wenzel, Ines Gütgemann, Moritz Distelmaier, Manfred Uerlich, Sandra Mikus, Thomas Bieber, Thomas Tüting
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2005)
Genital oedema in patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: an unusual presentation of inguinal hernia.
Authors: J C Cooper, A J Nicholls, J M Simms, M M Platts, C B Brown, A G Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Four patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis presented with scrotal or labial oedema but no detectable cough impulse. Two of the patients later developed clinical evidence of inguinal hernia, and in the other two inguinal hernias were found at operation. These cases suggest that genital oedema occurring in a patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is a sign of a small inguinal hernia which may not be detectable clinically.
Renal Disease and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: STEPHEN J. BENNETT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1985Renal Disease and the Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSTEPHEN J. BENNETT, M.D., T.K.S. RAO, M.D., ELI A. FRIEDMAN, M.D.STEPHEN J. BENNETT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, T.K.S. RAO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ELI A. FRIEDMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-2-274_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Pardo and associates (1) found no correlation between the presence of glomerular lesions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and age, sex, race, or ethnicity, nor with homosexuality, intravenous drug use, duration of disease, opportunistic infection, or positive serologic tests for hepatitis B. They found, however, in 36 retrospectively studied patients an increased incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in 10 of 17 patients with glomerular lesions. Of these 10 patients, 5 had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as their renal lesion, including 2 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma. By comparison, 6 of the 19 patients with "normal glomeruli" also had...References1. PARDO V, ALDANA M, and COLTON R. Glomerular lesions in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:429-34. LinkGoogle Scholar2. RAO T, FILIPPONE E, and NICASTRI A. Associated focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1984;310:664-73. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. WELCH K, FINKBEINER W, and ALPERS C. Autopsy findings in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. JAMA. 1984;252:1152-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. RAO T, FILIPPONE E, LANDESMAN S, NICASTRI A, and FRIEDMAN E. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated nephropathy: focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis: a new entity [Abstract]. Kidney Int. 1984;25:174. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: STEPHEN J. BENNETT, M.D.; T.K.S. RAO, M.D.; ELI A. FRIEDMAN, M.D.Affiliations: Kings County Hospital and Downstate Medical Center State University of New York Brooklyn, NY 11203 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHIV-associated nephropathy 1 February 1985Volume 102, Issue 2Page: 274-275KeywordsAIDSDrugsHepatitis BHomosexualityKaposi sarcomaLesionsOpportunistic infectionsRacial and ethnic issuesRenal diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cholera: Its Pathology and Pathogenesis
Authors: Ian Maclean Smith
Journal: JAMA (1962)

I'm a cholera buff myself. The disease fascinates me. A disease with an untreated fatality rate of 60% and a treated fatality rate of 15% demands respect. This 140-page book of 8 chapters, with a faintly fecal-colored cover, describes a trail of research by an erudite investigator. As he says in the introduction, he has "dwelt only on those aspects where I have some personal observations to make" on the basis of ten years of study. So it's not complete, but it leaves a lasting impression of the importance of the subject. And why should cholera be of interest in the U.S.A.? For the same reason that smallpox should worry us as "at any time during these days of air-travel, it may be exported from India by air, in spite of all possible precautions." Probably many readers don't realize that Asiatic cholera struck the U.S.A. in 1832, 1855, and 1873
Reporting of Anticonvulsant Blood Levels-Reply
Authors: Clarence E. McDanal
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Laboratories do report anticonvulsant blood levels differently, and this can be confusing to physicians. We recognized this point and reported the correct values in our article. Our reported values of 3.2μg and 2.2μg/ml correspond to 0.32 and 0.22 mg/100 ml, respectively. Dr. Karnes' point is an important one and should be made to all clinicians.