tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum osteocalcin concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P Pietschmann, K P Machold, W Wolosczuk, J S Smolen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Osteocalcin is a non-collagenous bone matrix protein which is released into the circulation and can be measured by radioimmunoassay. Recent studies indicate that serum osteocalcin concentrations are a marker of bone formation. Because bone demineralisation is a common finding in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the serum osteocalcin concentrations and, in addition, the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin were measured in 29 patients with RA and in 30 control subjects. Whereas serum osteocalcin concentrations were similar in patients with RA and in control subjects, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were significantly decreased in patients with RA. Serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin in patients with RA and in control subjects were not statistically different. The normal osteocalcin concentrations in patients with RA suggest a normal rate of bone formation in these patients.
Identifying very fat and very thin children: test of criterion standards for screening test
Authors: J Mulligan, L D Voss
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Charts of body mass index (weight (kg)/(height (m)2)) for children have been recommended for clinical use in the United Kingdom.1 It is unclear how they are to be used, but the accompanying referral guidelines suggest that they have a place in community screening. Caution has been urged, however, when using body mass index for children of different heights.2 Data from the Wessex growth study show that 10% of short normal children—compared with 27% of controls—had a body mass index ≥75th centile at the age of 9 years (unpublished data). To determine the reason for this apparent bias, we examined the weight for height relations required for prepubertal children of different heights to have a high or low body mass index.

Weights and weight standard deviation scores were calculated for children of different heights to give body mass indices ≥99.6th centile and ≤0.4th centiles. The difference between height …
Disparities in Breast Cancer Treatment and Survival for Women with Disabilities
Authors: Ellen P. McCarthy, Long H. Ngo, Richard G. Roetzheim, Thomas N. Chirikos, Donglin Li, Reed E. Drews, Lisa I. Iezzoni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Background: Breast-conserving surgery combined with axillary lymph node dissection and radiotherapy or mastectomy are definitive treatments for women with early-stage breast cancer. Little is known about breast cancer treatment for women with disabilities. Objective: To compare initial treatment for early-stage breast cancer between women with and without disabilities and to examine the association of treatment differences and survival. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: 11 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program tumor registries. Participants: 100 311 women who received a diagnosis of stage I to IIIA breast cancer at 21 to 64 years of age from 1988 to 1999. Women who qualified for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Medicare at breast cancer diagnosis were considered disabled. Measurements: Receipt of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomy. For women who had breast-conserving surgery (n = 49 166), the authors examined receipt of radiotherapy and axillary lymph node dissection. Survival was measured from diagnosis until death or until 31 December 2001. Results: Women with SSDI and Medicare coverage had lower rates of breast-conserving surgery than other women (43.2% vs. 49.2%; adjusted relative risk, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.76 to 0.84]). Among women who had breast-conserving surgery, women with SSDI and Medicare coverage were less likely than other women to receive radiotherapy (adjusted relative risk, 0.83 [CI, 0.77 to 0.90]) and axillary lymph node dissection (adjusted relative risk, 0.81 [CI, 0.74 to 0.90]). Women with SSDI and Medicare coverage had lower survival rates than those of other women in all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.02 [CI, 1.88 to 2.16]) and breast cancer–specific mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.31 [CI, 1.18 to 1.45]). Results were similar after adjustment for treatment differences. Limitations: Findings are limited to women who qualified for SSDI and Medicare. No data on adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy were available, and details about the underlying disability were lacking. Conclusions: Women with disabilities had higher breast cancer mortality rates and were less likely to undergo standard therapy after breast-conserving surgery than other women. Differences in treatment did not explain the differences in breast cancer mortality rates.
Positive association of serum levels of advanced glycation end products and high mobility group box–1 with asymmetric dimethylarginine in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Tsukasa Nakamura, Eiichi Sato, Nobuharu Fujiwara, Yasuhiro Kawagoe, Yoshihiko Ueda, Tsukasa Suzuki, Shingo Yamada, Masayoshi Takeuchi, Kei Fukami, Seiji Ueda, Hisashi Adachi, Takanori Matsui, Seiya Okuda, Sho-ichi Yamagishi
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Sheep's Head as a Source of Orf Infection
Authors: J. Savage
Journal: BMJ (1973)

long stay wards and hospitals.We fail to use the most effective therapeutic weapons we have-civilized and interesting conditions in which to live and meaningful things to do.We cannot plead a poverty-stricken society but like to think in terms of irresponsible families.There is no evidence ot irresponsible families.3 4We cannot really face the issue of deterrence.The workhouse setup appeared to work in the past only be- cause of the compulsion of the Poor Law, and to expect it to work on a voluntary basis in an affluent society at the end of the 20th century is ludicrous.What Drs.Hodkinson and Jefferys do not appear to recognize is that the "social dehiscence" which they try so hard to avoid, but are not very clear about, has nearly always occurred already.It is the commonest single reason that brings people to hospital.It is a gaping, a bursting open, and not a withering.The metaphor is crucial because on it hangs the validity of their paper.We have two geriatric units side by side in very similar areas but using very differ- ent methods.There is no way of finding out from present statistics what happens to people who pass through hospital except in a very general way.
Abstract 2339: Transcriptional basis for loss of cellular differentiation in colon cancer
Authors: Ian Y. Luk, Hoanh Tran, Janson W. Tse, Anderly C. Chueh, Fiona Chionh, Nicholas J. Clemons, John M. Mariadason
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer related death. Colon cancer arises due to uncontrolled cell proliferation, failure of cells to undergo apoptosis and loss of cellular differentiation. While the pathways which drive the uncontrolled proliferation of colon cancer cells are relatively well understood, the mechanistic basis for loss of cell differentiation is less well characterized. The aim of this study was to identify novel transcription factors that regulate the differentiation status of colon cancer cells. Methods: Affymetrix microarrays were used to identify transcription factors which are significantly differentially expressed between well differentiated and poorly differentiated colon cancer cell lines. Differential gene expression was confirmed by q-RT-PCR in 40 colon cancer cell lines. The well differentiated colon cancer cell line SW948 was transfected with siRNAs using lipofectamine. Results: Microarray analysis of well and poorly differentiated colon cancer cell lines identified the EHF transcription factor to be significantly downregulated in expression in poorly differentiated cell lines. Q-RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that while both EHF variants were expressed in a panel of 40 colon cancer cells, variant 2 was the isoform differentially expressed between well and poorly differentiated cell lines. Basal expression of EHF correlated significantly with expression of the differentiation markers villin and KRT20 across the 40 cell line panel. Knockdown of EHF in the well differentiated colon cancer cell line SW948, reduced expression of villin and KRT20 by 82% and 64% respectively. Knockdown of EHF also reduces expression of Cdx1 suggesting it may be act upstream of this known differentiation regulator. Conclusion: This study identifies the transcription factor EHF as a novel regulator of cell differentiation in colon cancer. Citation Format: Ian Y. Luk, Hoanh Tran, Janson WT Tse, Anderly C. Chueh, Fiona Chionh, Nicholas J. Clemons, John M. Mariadason. Transcriptional basis for loss of cellular differentiation in colon cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2339. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2339
Progress toward the clinical application of patient-specific pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Evangelos Kiskinis, Kevin Eggan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated by epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cells through the exogenous expression of transcription factors. These cells, just like embryonic stem cells, are likely to have a major impact on regenerative medicine, because they self-renew and retain the potential to be differentiated into all cell types of the human body. In this Review, we describe the current state of iPS cell technology, including approaches by which they are generated and what is known about their biology, and discuss the potential applications of these cells for disease modeling, drug discovery, and, eventually, cell replacement therapy.
Splenic Uptake of Tc-99m MDP in Patients With Hematologic Abnormalities Recently Treated With Chemotherapy
Authors: DOUGLAS HOWARTH, PAUL THOMAS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Two patients are described who had hematologic abnormalities (acute promyelocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) recently treated with chemotherapy and unexpected increased splenic uptake of Tc-99m MDP in the absence of hypercalcemia. Although not common, case reports have described increased splenic uptake on bone scintigraphy in patients with wide-ranging hematologic abnormalities, including lymphoma and leukemia. The mechanism of this phenomenon remains uncertain. Possible mechanisms include transient hypercalcemia, altered iron metabolism, splenic infarction, or previous chemotherapy causing cell membrane disruption or altered cellular calcium transport.
Complement-Dependent Neutrophil Recruitment Is Critical for the Development of Elastase-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Monica B. Pagano, Hui-fang Zhou, Terri L. Ennis, Xiaobo Wu, John D. Lambris, John P. Atkinson, Robert W. Thompson, Dennis E. Hourcade, Christine T.N. Pham
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— We previously established that neutrophils play a critical role in the development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The signal that initiates the influx of neutrophils to the aortic wall, however, remains unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that complement participates in the development of AAA by providing the necessary chemotactic signal that recruits neutrophils to the aortic wall. Methods and Results— Using an elastase-induced model of AAA, we showed that pretreatment of C57BL/6 mice with cobra venom factor, which depleted serum of complement activity, protected mice from AAA development. Whereas control mice exhibited a mean aortic diameter of 156±2% on day 14 after elastase perfusion, mice treated with cobra venom factor exhibited a mean aortic diameter of 90±4% ( P &lt;0.001). Examination of mice deficient in factor B further indicated that the alternative pathway of complement played a major role in this process (mean aortic diameter of 105±4% in factor B–deficient mice, P &lt;0.001 compared with controls). Activation of the alternative pathway led to generation of the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, which recruited neutrophils to the aortic wall. Moreover, antagonism of both C3a and C5a activity was required to block AAA, which suggests that each can independently promote the aneurysmal phenotype. In addition, we demonstrated that complement alternative-pathway involvement was not restricted to this experimental model but was also evident in human AAAs. Conclusions— The identification of involvement of the complement system in the pathophysiology of AAA provides a new target for therapeutic intervention in this common disease.
TCT-584 Late Stent Malapposition of Drug-Eluting-Stents With and Without Bioabsorbable Polymer - A Prospective Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Clemens Gangl, Christian Roth, Sabine Scherzer, Lisa Krenn, Daniel Dalos, Thomas Neunteufl, Georg Delle Karth, Irene M. Lang, Gerhard Kreiner, Markus Vertesich, Berger Rudolf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Anthony David Perrett
Authors: R. Grundy, D. Gibbons
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Arriving in England, from New Zealand, Anthony David Perrett was Sidney Truelove’s research registrar at Oxford. Afterwards, as senior medical registrar at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda, and honorary lecturer at Makere University Medical School, he faced a fresh challenge when Uganda gained independence. For two years he taught an emerging group of talented …
Chile appoints economist to sort out health service
Authors: D. Pilling
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The Chilean government has appointed an economist, Carlos Massad, as the new health minister to sort out what the public regards as a health service riddled with outdated technology, strikes, and long waiting lists. Chile's health service was grossly underfunded during General Augusto Pinochet's 17 years of military rule. When a civilian government was re-established in 1990 rapid economic growth enabled health spending to increase by 50% over four years. But opinion polls show that the public still feels that service is poor. Most of the increased expenditure went on restoring salaries and repairing crumbling hospitals. Dr Francisco Peragallo, medical director at Santiago's Salvador Hospital, said: “Higher spending has had little noticeable effect because …
Novel mutations of TGM1 in a child with congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma
Authors: M. Akiyama, Y. Takizawa, T. Kokaji, H. Shimizu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

We report novel mutations in the transglutaminase (TGase) 1 gene (TGM1) in a Japanese boy with non‐bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBCIE). The patient showed fine, grey or light‐brown scales on an erythematous skin. An in situ TGase activity assay detected markedly reduced TGase activity in the patient's epidermis. Electron microscopy revealed incomplete thickening of the cornified cell envelope during keratinization in the epidermis. Sequencing of the entire exons and exon–intron borders of TGM1 revealed that the proband was a compound heterozygote for two novel mutations, 9008delA and R388H. In lamellar ichthyosis, most previously reported TGM1 mutations have been located in the central core domain or upstream of the TGase 1 molecule. In the present NBCIE patient, the frameshift mutation 9008delA resulting in a premature termination codon at the tail of the TGase 1 peptide was in the β‐barrel 2 domain (C‐terminal end domain) of the peptide, far from the active sites of the TGase 1 molecule, and the mis‐sense mutation R388H was in the core domain.
Results of inquiry into allegations of research fraud remain secret
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Department of Health has still not announced the outcome of an investigation into claims that one of its leading medical experts may have produced fraudulent research more than 20 years ago.

The chief medical officer's silence on the matter comes despite his having received an investigative report into the matter six months ago.

Now an expert on research fraud says that the department has a duty to make the investigation's findings available.

The man at the centre of the allegations, Dr David Jefferys, is a former director of the Medicines Control Agency and, latterly, chief executive of the former Medical Devices Agency. Both organisations merged in April to become the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency. Dr Jefferys is currently head of the devices sector at the new agency.

He is also visiting professor of medicine at the University of Newcastle and was the UK representative on the European Union Committee on Proprietary Medical Products between 1995 and 2000.

Dr Peter Wilmshurst, a consultant cardiologist at the Royal …
Brain Perfusion SPECT in a Patient With a Subtle Venous Angioma
Authors: HIROSHI MATSUDA, TOMO TERADA, MASAAKI KATOH, SHIRO ISHIDA, TEIICHI ONUMA, HIROTAKE NAKANO, AKIRA YAGISHITA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Brain SPECT of regional cerebral blood flow using I-123 IMP demonstrated a focally decreased perfusion area immediately adjacent to a venous angioma in a patient with simple partial seizures. A positive correlation was obtained among the location of the venous angloma, the decreased perfusion area on SPECT images, and the electroencephalographic focus. Anomalous venous drainage through a venous angloma may explain a perfusion disturbance in the surrounding brain of the angioma. High-resolution SPECT imaging with magnetic resonance guidance provides useful information on the pathophysiology of venous angiomas.
The assessment of technology: who pays for it?
Authors: C. Franklin, E. Gluck
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Intermediate-conductance (K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1) and small-conductance (K<sub>Ca</sub>2) calcium-activated K<sup>+</sup> channels are gated by calcium binding to calmodulin (CaM) molecules associated with the calmodulin-binding domain (CaM-BD) of these channels. The existing K<sub>Ca</sub> activators, such as naphtho[1,2-<i>d</i>]thiazol-2-ylamine (SKA-31), 6,7-dichloro-1<i>H</i>-indole-2,3-dione 3-oxime (NS309), and 1-ethylbenzimidazolin-2-one (EBIO), activate both channel types with similar potencies. In a previous chemistry effort, we optimized the benzothiazole pharmacophore of SKA-31 toward K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 selectivity and identified 5-methylnaphtho[2,1-<i>d</i>]oxazol-2-amine (SKA-121), which exhibits 40-fold selectivity for K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 over K<sub>Ca</sub>2.3. To understand why introduction of a single CH<sub>3</sub> group in five-position of the benzothiazole/oxazole system could achieve such a gain in selectivity for K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 over K<sub>Ca</sub>2.3, we first localized the binding site of the benzothiazoles/oxazoles to the CaM-BD/CaM interface and then used computational modeling software to generate models of the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 and K<sub>Ca</sub>2.3 CaM-BD/CaM complexes with SKA-121. Based on a combination of mutagenesis and structural modeling, we suggest that all benzothiazole/oxazole-type K<sub>Ca</sub> activators bind relatively “deep” in the CaM-BD/CaM interface and hydrogen bond with E54 on CaM. In K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1, SKA-121 forms an additional hydrogen bond network with R362. In contrast, NS309 sits more “forward” and directly hydrogen bonds with R362 in K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1. Mutating R362 to serine, the corresponding residue in K<sub>Ca</sub>2.3 reduces the potency of SKA-121 by 7-fold, suggesting that R362 is responsible for the generally greater potency of K<sub>Ca</sub> activators on K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1. The increase in SKA-121’s K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 selectivity compared with its parent, SKA-31, seems to be due to better overall shape complementarity and hydrophobic interactions with S372 and M368 on K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 and M72 on CaM at the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1–CaM-BD/CaM interface.
406 Functional impairment of HCV-specific CD8 cells in chronic HCV infection
Authors: M. Malpeli, A. Penna, M. Pilli, A. Zerbini, S. Cerioni, A. Cavalli, A. Orlandini, A. Cividini, M. Massari, C. Ferrari, G. Missale
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
New Screening Techniques Show Potential for Early Detection of Lung Cancer
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Beyond smiles: The impact of culture and race in embodying and decoding facial expressions
Authors: Roberto Caldara
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract Understanding the very nature of the smile with an integrative approach and a novel model is a fertile ground for a new theoretical vision and insights. However, from this perspective, I challenge the authors to integrate culture and race in their model, because both factors would impact upon the embodying and decoding of facial expressions.
Will CHCs be saved from the scrap heap?
Authors: W. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1980)

It looks as if Mr Patrick Jenkin, Social Services Secretary, is about to have a change of heart over the future of community health councils.If they were to go, as he wants, it would mean an immediate saving of about 14m, and in Mr Jenkin's eyes that is a big incentive for getting rid of them-especially as it would please the Prime Minister.But CHCs have their friends on both sides of the Commons.Many MPs believe they are a cost-effective way of seeing that the consumer's voice is heard in the NHS.Keeping them, in their view, would prove a useful counter to the criticisms about the Government's plans to cut local authority representation-the democratic element so far as Labour is concerned-on the new health authorities.
Sir William Butts
Authors: Roy J. Popkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

SIR William Butts (1485?-1545) was an important figure in the turbulent political life of England during the reign of King Henry VIII, when the foundation was laid for the political unity and economic growth of England, which matured to such greatness under the reign of Henry's daughter, Elizabeth.Sir William was a scion of a merchant family of Buttes that flourished in Norfolk for many centuries. Dr. Butts not only dropped the "e" from his name but also, before his death, dropped the "s". Members of the family had been among the prominent citizens of the community, filling such civic . . .