tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IT-33 * USE OF IFN-ALPHA AND POLY-ICLC AS CHEMOKINE MODULATORS FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY IN GLIOMAS
Authors: M. Smith-Cohn, G. Kohanbash, R. Muthuswamy, T. Ohkuri, A. Kosaka, N. Amankulor, J. Engh, D. Potter, P. Kalinski, H. Okada
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Chemokines are known to play an integral role in the cellular trafficking of the immune system, which has important implications in immunotherapy of cancers. Expression of CXCL10/IP10 and CCL5/RANTES has been shown to correlate with increased infiltration of effector T cells and natural killer (NK) cells; conversely expression of CCL22/MDC has been associated with suppression of the adaptive immune response through recruitment of regulatory T cells. Our study evaluated the effects of polyinosinic polycytidylic acid stabilized with lysine and carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC) and IFN-alpha individually and in combination on the expression of chemokines in glioma tissue samples and in glioma cell lines cocultured with myeloid cells to simulate the tumor microenvironment. We found that IFNα as a single agent produced the greatest increase in the expression of CCL5 and CXCL10 while minimizing the expression of CCL22. The addition of poly-ICLC further increased expression of CCL5 and CXCL10. Patient glioma samples had heterogeneous chemokine expression but demonstrated a similar pattern of expression of chemokines to the coculture and cell lines examined. Our findings support the use of IFN-alpha with poly-ICLC as a potential immunotherapy adjuvant for patients with gliomas.
Age-related changes in the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium impede lipoprotein transfer in the rat
Authors: Sarah N. Hilmer, Victoria C. Cogger, Robin Fraser, Allan J. McLean, David Sullivan, David G. Le Couteur
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

The mechanisms for the association of old age with post-prandial hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis are not well understood. Post-prandial hyperlipidemia has emerged as a significant risk for atherosclerosis. The liver is the central organ for lipoprotein metabolism. The initial step in the hepatic uptake of post-prandial lipoproteins is their transfer from the hepatic sinusoidal capillary lumen across the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium into the space of Disse. Here, they access hepatocytes for receptor-mediated uptake. We proposed that fenestrations (pores) within the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium filter lipoproteins on the basis of size. Recently we discovered age-related changes in the sinusoidal endothelium (pseudocapillarization), including reduction in the porosity of the endothelium. Using the impulse response technique in perfused rat livers, we found that aging is associated with impaired hepatic transendothelial transfer of chylomicrons with diameters smaller than those of fenestrations. In conclusion, age-related pseudocapillarization of the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium provides a novel mechanism for the association of old age with impaired hepatic lipoprotein metabolism and with atherosclerosis. (HEPATOLOGY 2005.)
Beyond the Teachable Moment
Authors: Alan I. Leshner
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electrocardiographic Systems With Reduced Numbers of Leads—Synthesis of the 12-Lead ECG
Authors: Ivan Tomasic, Roman Trobec
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2013)

Systems with reduced numbers of leads that can synthesize the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) with an insignificant or a small loss of diagnostic information have been proposed. The advantage over standard 12-lead ECG systems is the smaller number of measurement sites (i.e., electrodes) and, consequently, fewer wires. In this paper, we review all the important systems with reduced numbers of leads together with the methodology for synthesizing the leads. The fundamental theoretical background necessary to understand the most important concepts related to the synthesis is included. The presented theoretical and experimental justifications for the synthesis show that it is not necessary to measure a large number of leads directly, because the standard 12-lead ECG and arbitrary additional leads can be synthesized. Various approaches to evaluating the synthesized 12-lead ECG are defined and explained, and a number of systems that synthesize 12-lead ECG are presented as they were introduced in the literature. We cover the developments and improvements from the 1940s to the present day. The systems are classified on the basis of the synthesis method used, the approach to the evaluation of the synthesized ECG (depending on the measurement sites used), and on the number and types of leads employed. Based on a detailed assessment of state-of-the-art systems, open problems and challenges are highlighted, while further developments of electrocardiographic systems are envisaged.
The Fc-engineered CD19 antibody MOR208 (XmAb5574) induces natural killer cell-mediated lysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells from pediatric and adult patients
Authors: C Kellner, E A Zhukovsky, A Pötzke, M Brüggemann, A Schrauder, M Schrappe, M Kneba, R Repp, A Humpe, M Gramatzki, M Peipp
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
The role of hypoxia-inducible signaling pathway in nickel carcinogenesis.
Authors: Konstantin Salnikow, Todd Davidson, Max Costa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Using human and rodent cells in vitro, we characterized a hypoxia-inducible signaling pathway as one of the pathways affected by carcinogenic nickel compounds. Acute exposure to nickel activates hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1 (HIF-1), which strongly induces hypoxia-inducible genes, including the recently discovered tumor marker Cap43. This gene has been cloned based on its nickel inducibility and was found to be highly inducible by hypoxia. To identify other HIF-1-dependent/independent nickel-inducible genes, we used cells obtained from HIF-1 alpha null mouse embryos and analyzed gene expression changes using the microarray technique. We found that genes coding for glycolytic enzymes, known to be regulated by HIF-1, were also induced in nickel-exposed cells. In addition, we identified a number of new genes highly induced by nickel in an HIF-dependent manner. Elevated HIF-1 activity after acute nickel exposure might be selectively advantageous because nickel-transformed rodent and human cells possess increased HIF-1 transcriptional activity. Hypoxia plays an important role in tumor progression. It selects for cells with enhanced glycolytic activity, causing production of large amounts of lactic acid, one of the most common features of tumor cells (Warburg effect). Here, we hypothesize that exposure to nickel activates the hypoxia-inducible pathway and facilitates selection of cells with increased transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible genes, which may be important in the nickel-induced carcinogenic process.
Small molecule inhibitors of HDM2 ubiquitin ligase activity stabilize and activate p53 in cells
Authors: Yili Yang, Robert L. Ludwig, Jane P. Jensen, Shervon A. Pierre, Maxine V. Medaglia, Ilia V. Davydov, Yassamin J. Safiran, Pankaj Oberoi, John H. Kenten, Andrew C. Phillips, Allan M. Weissman, Karen H. Vousden
Journal: Cancer Cell (2005)
Livedo reticularis associated with hereditary protein C deficiency and recurrent thromboembolism
Authors: N.U. WEIR, J.A. SNOWDEN, M. GREAVES, G.A.B. DAVIES-JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Livedo reticularis associated with hereditary protein C deficiency and recurrent thromboembolism Get access N.U. WEIR, N.U. WEIR Department of Neurology Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A. SNOWDEN, J.A. SNOWDEN Department of Haematology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. GREAVES, M. GREAVES Department of Haematology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.A.B. DAVIES‐JONES G.A.B. DAVIES‐JONES Department of Neurology Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 132, Issue 2, 1 February 1995, Pages 283–285, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb05028.x Published: 01 February 1995 Article history Accepted: 20 May 1994 Published: 01 February 1995
Development and pilot-testing of a psoriasis screening tool
Authors: P.L. Dominguez, A. Assarpour, H. Kuo, E.W. Holt, S. Tyler, A.A. Qureshi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

There is a need to validate psoriasis self-reports in epidemiological studies, where individuals may not be seeing dermatologists or other health care providers.To develop and pilot test the Psoriasis Screening Tool (PST) in an ambulatory setting.The PST was designed with eight closed-ended questions requiring a 'yes' or 'no' response. Typical images of skin, nail and scalp changes in psoriasis were included with respective questions. We administered the PST to 222 consecutive individuals being seen at a dermatology clinic. All English-speaking subjects completed the PST without assistance. A board-certified dermatologist established the diagnosis of psoriasis or excluded psoriasis in all participants.A total of 222 completed PST questionnaires were included for analysis. There were 111 individuals in the psoriasis group and 111 individuals in the nonpsoriasis group. A combination of three questions resulted in a sensitivity of 96.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 93.2-98.0] and specificity of 97.3% (95% CI 94.1-98.9) for psoriasis. Adding a pictorial question increased the sensitivity of the screening tool to 98.2% (95% CI 95.0-99.5). Of the 111 individuals with psoriasis, 69% answered yes to having plaque-type psoriasis, 50% answered yes to having nail involvement, 66% answered yes to having scalp involvement, and 59% answered yes to having inverse-type psoriasis.This pilot study suggests that the PST can distinguish individuals with psoriasis from individuals without psoriasis in an English-speaking population being seen at an outpatient dermatology clinic. Furthermore, the PST may be used to identify psoriasis phenotypes. Although the PST may be limited by spectrum bias in this pilot study, we believe it remains a reliable tool to collect information on psoriasis in remote populations.
NHS and Community Care Act 1990 and discharges from hospital to private residential and nursing homes
Authors: P A Lewis, R B Dunn, N J Vetter
Journal: BMJ (1994)

17-1 years), P=0-017) but were not distinguishable by any other variable.Underusers were significantly older than the rest of the study cohort (64.2 years v 55dI years (28 to 154 years), P=0 0074).1 NHS Management Executive.Flexible training: report of the joint working party.London: HMSO, 1993.(Dd 8369079 7/93 C60 1679.) 2 Department of Health and Social Security.Re-employment of women doctors.
Spurious Elevations of Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>with Pernicious Anemia
Authors: David T Yang, Rachel J Cook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

To the Editor: Within a 3-week period, two women, 46 and 48 years of age, presented with peripheral neuropathy and associated pancytopenia with macrocytic anemia. Clinical suspicion for pernicious anemia was high, but vitamin B12 levels were 1644 pg per milliliter (1228 pmol per liter) and 1321 pg per milliliter (975 pmol per liter), respectively (reference range, 246 to 1320 pg per milliliter [181 to 974 pmol per liter]). On subsequent bone-marrow evaluation, specimens from both patients showed profound megaloblastic features. Additional findings on laboratory tests included elevated levels of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid combined with detection of intrinsic . . .
Episodic progression and regression of basal cell carcinomas
Authors: C. FRANCHIMONT, G.E. PIERARD, D. CAUWENBERGE, M.DAMSEAUX ANDC, H.M. LAPIERE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Metabolic activity and structure of the stroma adjacent to basel cell carcinomas are closely related to cytological aspects and proliferative activity of the neoplastic cells. Basal cell carcinomas without clear evidence for regression compress or infiltrate an apparently normal dermis where cellular replication is low. Conversely regressing zones of basal cell carcinomas are surrounded by a remodelled stroma where fibroblasts and endothelial cells show signs of proliferation. When regression affects the palisaded array of cells, clefts occur between the basal cell carcinoma and the adjacent stroma. Progression of most types of basal carcinomas may proceed by successive extension and partial regression. More than one type of stroma reaction may be present ina single basal cell carcinoma and the overall pattern may be regarded as the result of successive phases of growth and regression of the neoplasm.
Screening for Hemochromatosis in Primary Care Settings
Authors: Sharon M. McDonnell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Interest in including screening for hemochromatosis in the routine medical care of adults has grown in recent years.In March 1997, at a meeting on iron overload at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the directors of four hemochromatosis screening programs described the major challenges that they faced and the lessons that they learned in implementing their programs. Seven issues were consistently described as important challenges: 1) changes in case definitions of hemochromatosis, 2) selection of screening threshold values and identification of false-positive cases, 3) variability and lack of standardization in screening test measurements, 4) physician education, 5) informed consent and concerns about medical and genetic discrimination, 6) patient compliance with screening and therapy, and 7) incidental detection of iron deficiency. The two programs that have been completed report a prevalence of iron overload from hemochromatosis of 4.2 to 4.5 per 1000 persons screened; this is consistent with findings in the recent literature. All programs report that screening is feasible and propose that hemochromatosis be defined by repeated elevated serum transferrin saturation values (with or without DNA test results) rather than by the clinical outcome of excessive iron in tissue. The goal of screening programs is to diagnose iron status disorders, particularly hemochromatosis, before they lead to iron overload and chronic disease states. Further research is needed on the ability of genetic and phenotypic tests to predict the clinical expression of hemochromatosis. The experiences outlined in this report highlight practical issues that need to be addressed when iron status screening for hemochromatosis is implemented. It is hoped that this information will facilitate similar efforts in other health care settings.
Contagious Diseases in the United States from 1888 to the Present
Authors: Willem G. van Panhuis, John Grefenstette, Su Yon Jung, Nian Shong Chok, Anne Cross, Heather Eng, Bruce Y. Lee, Vladimir Zadorozhny, Shawn Brown, Derek Cummings, Donald S. Burke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Using data from digitized weekly surveillance reports of notifiable diseases for U.S. cities and states for 1888 through 2011, the authors derived a quantitative history of disease reduction in the United States, focusing particularly on the effects of vaccination programs.
Decreased Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation in CX3CR1/Apolipoprotein E Double Knockout Mice
Authors: Christophe Combadière, Stéphane Potteaux, Ji-Liang Gao, Bruno Esposito, Saveria Casanova, Eric J. Lee, Patrice Debré, Alain Tedgui, Philip M. Murphy, Ziad Mallat
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Fractalkine (CX3CL1), a CX3C chemokine, is expressed in the vessel wall and mediates the firm adhesion and chemotaxis of leukocytes expressing its receptor, CX3CR1. A polymorphism in the CX3CR1 gene is associated with low CX3CR1 expression and reduced risk of acute coronary disease in humans.We generated CX3CR1-deficient mice (CX3CR1(-/-)) by targeted gene disruption and crossed them with the proatherogenic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE(-/-)). Here we show that the extent of lipid-stained lesions in the thoracic aorta was reduced by 59% in CX3CR1/apoE double knockout mice compared with their CX3CR1(+/+)/apoE(-/-) littermates. The development of atherosclerosis in the aortic sinus was also markedly altered in the double knockout mice, with 50% reduction in macrophage accumulation. Although lesions of CX3CR1(-/-) mice were smaller in size, they retained a substantial accumulation of smooth muscle cells and collagen, features consistent with a stable plaque phenotype. Finally, CX3CR1(+/-)/apoE(-/-) mice showed the same reduction in atherosclerosis as the CX3CR1(-/-)/apoE(-/-) mice.The CX3CR1-CX3CL1 pathway seems to play a direct and critical role in monocyte recruitment and atherosclerotic lesion development in a mouse model of human atherosclerosis.
Myosin-primed tolerogenic dendritic cells ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis
Authors: Jun-Ho Lee, Tae-Hoon Kim, Hyo Eun Park, Eun Gae Lee, Nam-Chul Jung, Jie-Young Song, Han Geuk Seo, Ki-Bae Seung, Kiyuk Chang, Dae-Seog Lim
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

AimsAutoimmunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and giant cell myocarditis. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is a mouse model of myocarditis that is induced by cardiac myosin. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) are used as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive targets in a number of autoimmune disease models, but their effect on EAM has not been addressed. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tDC therapy in an EAM mouse model can suppress inflammatory myocarditis, a potential precursor of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Meningococcal disease in Scandinavia.
Authors: H Peltola, K Jonsdottir, A Lystad, C J Sievers, I Kallings
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Scandinavia (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) comprises with mutual borders and 22.3 million inhabitants an area where the socioeconomic and cultural conditions are similar. Epidemic diseases, such as meningococcal infection, might therefore be expected to be uniformly distributed. An epidemiological study in the 10-year period 1970-9 shows, however, remarkable differences in the incidence, age, and serogroup and type distribution, as well as in the general dynamics of the disease. Three epidemics, two caused by different serotypes of group B (Norway and Iceland) and one by group A (Finland) occurred within the observation period. The annual overall incidence was generally around 3/100 000 but increased from fivefold (Finland) to eightfold (northern Norway) during epidemics. The epidemic strains caused infection in over 3000 patients and the loss of at least 250 lives. The overall case fatality rate was 8.6% (range 4.1-13.7%). Men were more susceptible and had a worse prognosis than women of the same age group. The group A epidemic in Finland was influenced by a large vaccination campaign, but this possibility was not feasible in the two other epidemics.
Abstract 3416: Transcriptome analysis of papillary thyroid cancer using next-generation sequencing technologies in Korean patients
Authors: Seungbok Lee, Hyeon-Gun Jee, Kyu Eun Lee, Jeong-Sun Seo
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Thyroid cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for &amp;gt;80% of all thyroid cancers. Here we conducted RNA sequencing for 70 PTC and 42 paired-normal tissues in Korean patients, and their transcriptomes were analyzed in various aspects. First, somatic mutations were screened transcriptome-wide throughout samples; BRAF mutation (V600E), which is the most well-established mutation in thyroid cancer, was detected in 47 samples out of 70 (67.14%). HRAS (Q61R, Q61K) and NRAS (Q61R) mutations were shown in two samples, respectively. In gene fusion analysis, we discovered four fusion mutations using our stringent criteria and these include CCDC6-RET and PAX8-PPARG fusions, which have been previously reported for thyroid cancer. Other EZR-ERBB4 and PAX8-GLIS3 fusions are novel fusion mutations found in PTC, and the sample having EZR-ERBB4 mutation was diagnosed as the follicular variant subtype. This is an in-frame mutation and previous reports have shown that ERBB4 is a driver gene for carcinogenesis in multiple types of cancers. In addition, we also found ETV6-NTRK3 fusion in less conservative criteria, which was a well-known fusion in other cancer types. Each fusion mutation above was shown in only one sample, respectively. Through gene expression analysis, we clustered PTC cancer samples into four groups; three of them are shown to be enriched with BRAF V600E mutation, and the other includes samples with NRAS, HRAS mutation. In this study, we thoroughly explored the transcriptome of PTC samples using the next-generation sequencing method and proved well-correlation between mutation and expression profiles. These results not only replicated several findings of previous studies and suggested some novel genes or pathways involved in the PTC development in Koreans. Citation Format: Seungbok Lee, Hyeon-Gun Jee, Kyu Eun Lee, Jeong-Sun Seo. Transcriptome analysis of papillary thyroid cancer using next-generation sequencing technologies in Korean patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3416. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3416
The Question of Normal Values
Authors: William W. McLendon
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We were most interested in the communication by Elveback et al on "Health, Normality and the Ghost of Gauss" (<b>211</b>:69, 1970) because the question of "normal values" is a topic of concern to all of those in the clinical laboratory field. In their concern for statistics, however, the authors (and many others) have apparently overlooked an important physiological observation in relation to serum albumin determinations. In their charts comparing "normal values" obtained by Hoffmann's method from patient data with the "clinical limits" determined from healthy persons, one of the greatest degrees of "false negatives" occurs with the albumin determination. In a daily review of our clinical laboratory data, we have frequently observed that the serum albumin value on an ambulatory outpatient will be approximately 0.5 gm/100 ml higher than the albumin value when the same patient is recumbent in the hospital. In a manual on the