tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Replication-selective adenoviruses as oncolytic agents
Authors: Carla Heise, David H. Kirn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Adenovirus biology and cancer biology have progressed in a complementary fashion. For example, proteins encoded at the virus’ E1 region were found to bind to the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and pRB, and these interactions played an important role in characterizing the role of these tumor suppressors in virus-dependent and -independent transformation (1, 2). Perhaps, then, it is a natural extension of this history that human adenoviruses are now being developed as anticancer agents. Ironically, although advances in genetic engineering have permitted the development of replication-disabled adenoviruses as simple delivery vehicles for therapeutic genes (3–5), replication-competent wildtype strains were actually the first to be administered safely to patients (6). Now, nearly a half-century later, replication-competent adenoviruses are once again being studied as therapeutic agents (7–9). However, genetic engineering has now been used with the goal of maximizing tumor-selective replication.
AN ELECTRODE FOR THE IONIZATION OF SILVER, ZINC, OR COPPER IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC URETHRITIS
Authors: J. J. P. ARMSTRONG
Journal: JAMA (1910)

For some months I have been working on the ionization of silver, zinc, and copper, in the treatment of chronic urethritis, and believe that I have an electrode that will prove to be of benefit to those members of the profession who may be interested in this line of work. I use a Neiswanger cataphoric electrode, made of hard rubber, with the tube closed at the lower end, bent to a proper urethral curve and perforated with small openings for a space of 6 inches from the distal end. The electrode shown in the illustration is only perforated for about two inches. The proximal end is pushed into a head, also made of hard rubber, to which is attached a twisted wire of silver, the length of the tube, and connected to a socket for the cord-tip. To the side of the head
Atrial natriuretic peptide: an essential physiological regulator of transvascular fluid, protein transport, and plasma volume
Authors: F.-R. E. Curry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) acts acutely to reduce plasma volume by at least 3 mechanisms: increased renal excretion of salt and water, vasodilation, and increased vascular permeability. Authors of a study in this issue of the JCI performed a knockout of the receptor for ANP in vascular endothelia in order to distinguish the effects of ANP-dependent increases in vascular permeability from those of other endocrine actions of ANP in the regulation of plasma volume. The knockout mice exhibited reduced vascular permeability to plasma protein, resulting in chronically increased plasma volume, arterial hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy. Renal excretion and vasodilation did not account for these changes. Thus ANP-induced increases in endothelial permeability may be critical to the ability of ANP to lower arterial blood pressure.
New England's Own Arthritis?
Authors: Richard A. Kaslow
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A PARENT in Old Lyme, Conn, reported to the state health department that physicians had diagnosed 12 cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) in her community. That number is substantially higher than might reasonably have been expected.<sup>1</sup>The difference between what is observed and what is expected sounds an alarm to the epidemiologist. Defining the illness to be examined is invariably his first task, although not often a major obstacle. In their study of arthritis in Connecticut, Steere and his colleagues<sup>2</sup>appear to have grappled successfully with exacting classification criteria for JRA<sup>3</sup>as they defined the epidemic illness. They described 51 cases of a distinct rheumatic syndrome that closely resembles JRA. "Lyme arthritis" consists of one or more brief episodes of nondeforming, oligoarticular arthritis—variably accompanied by fever, fatigue, headache, myalgia, and skin rash—which usually remits completely. Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and iridocyclitis were not seen. The patients had no
Thymic Function after Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Authors: Dhavalkumar D. Patel, Maria E. Gooding, Roberta E. Parrott, Kimberly M. Curtis, Barton F. Haynes, Rebecca H. Buckley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Immune function can be restored in infants with severe combined immunodeficiency by transplantation of unfractionated bone marrow from HLA-identical donors or T-cell–depleted marrow stem cells from haploidentical donors, with whom there is a single haplotype mismatch, without the need for chemotherapy before transplantation or prophylaxis against graft-versus-host disease. The role of the thymus in this process is unknown.
Methadone-Induced Pulmonary Edema
Authors: URI I. FRAND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Two healthy young adults without previous history of drug use were admitted to the Bronx Municipal Hospital Center after methadone overdose resulted in coma, cyanosis, hypoventilation and pulmonary edema. They responded well to treatment with intermittent positive-pressure breathing (oxygen) and intravenous injection of nalorphine hydrochloride; however, they remained obtunded for 6 to 12 hours after the initiation of therapy. The pulmonary edema cleared clinically within the first day, the chest X ray was normal within 4 days, and the arterial blood gases within 1 week. The abnormal pulmonary function tests, mainly low vital capacity and dynamic compliance, improved but remained abnormal. The edema fluid obtained from one patient had a protein composition similar to plasma. Like heroin pulmonary edema, the pathogenesis of methadone pulmonary edema is not clear. Two possible mechanisms are suggested: hypoventilation, acting through profound hypoxemia, and a direct toxic effect on the alveolocapillary membrane, causing increased capillary permeability.
Endobronchial Ultrasound versus Mediastinoscopy for Mediastinal Nodal Staging of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sang-Won Um, Hong Kwan Kim, Sin-Ho Jung, Joungho Han, Kyung Jong Lee, Hye Yun Park, Yong Soo Choi, Young Mog Shim, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park, Yong Chan Ahn, Joon Young Choi, Kyung Soo Lee, Gee Young Suh, Man Pyo Chung, O Jung Kwon, Jhingook Kim, Hojoong Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Mzb1 Protein Regulates Calcium Homeostasis, Antibody Secretion, and Integrin Activation in Innate-like B Cells
Authors: Henrik Flach, Marc Rosenbaum, Marlena Duchniewicz, Sola Kim, Shenyuan L. Zhang, Michael D. Cahalan, Gerhard Mittler, Rudolf Grosschedl
Journal: Immunity (2010)
Transmission of virus particles by cryotherapy and multi-use caustic pencils: a problem to dermatologists?
Authors: S. K. JONES, J. M. DARVILLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

The possibility of transmission of virus particles from patient to patient by multi-use silver nitrate sticks and styptic pencils and by cotton wool swabs that have been dipped repeatedly into Dewar flasks of liquid nitrogen was studied. The results showed that transmission by the sticks and pencils is unlikely but that virus particles can be transferred into and out of a Dewar flask on cotton wool swabs. We suggest that swabs should not be dipped repeatedly into the flask of liquid nitrogen but that, instead, a small aliquot of nitrogen should be decanted into a smaller 'clean' vessel and a new cotton swab used for each patient.
It's the PITS a worthwhile extra for doctors in training
Authors: U. M Macfadyen, A. Greenwood
Journal: BMJ (1997)

“It was years ago when I was a house officer but I still get angry just thinking about it. That consultant had no right to say that to me.”

When is the right time to talk about feelings when you are starting out in medicine? How do you find out what is normal about being angry with colleagues, patients, or relatives? What right does a junior registrar have to disagree on matters of ethics? If you do speak up how will your present and future job prospects be affected? When is it safe to voice concerns and can you trust …
Obstetric audit using routinely collected computerised data.
Authors: P L Yudkin, C W Redman
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the use of routinely collected computerised data in clinical audit. DESIGN--Retrospective review of all analyses of obstetric practice based on a computerised data system from January 1983 to June 1988. SETTING--Maternity department of the regional referral hospital in Oxford. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Congruence with the principles of clinical audit; that is, comparing clinical practice with previously agreed standards and changing practice to meet these standards if necessary. RESULTS--Over the five and a half years of the study the data formed the basis of 130 special inquiries into different aspects of obstetric practice. Most inquiries seemed to be aimed only at describing current activities and identifying trends. Genuine clinical audit was rare. Simple audits--for example, concerning induction for pregnancy after term--could be supported by the computerised data, but for detailed and wide ranging audits--for example, reducing antenatal clinic visits for low risk multiparas--the data had to be supplemented from other sources. CONCLUSIONS--Routinely collected computerised data enable ongoing clinical audit, but it becomes a reality only when clinicians agree on standards of practice and have a flexible attitude towards change. Even then, genuine clinical audits of obstetric practice demand more detailed and comprehensive data than are generally available on such systems.
Health Information on the Internet
Authors: Ahmad Risk, Carolyn Petersen
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prospects for prevention.
Authors: R Doll
Journal: BMJ (1983)

All will agree that the health of the nation may be improved in many ways, not only by the activities of our profession as we strive to prevent and treat disease, but also by the social and economic changes that result in better nutrition, smaller families, less overcrowding, and better education. I doubt, however, if anyone has a clear idea of the relative returns to be expected from investment in each of these fields, and it cannot be easy for those who are seeking to improve health on the national scale to know how to allocate available funds. Understandably, therefore, allocation tends to be made on the basis of the existing pattern, modified by a judicious response to competing pressures. In recent years these pressures have shifted, and it is now commonly argued that the burden of disease and the cost of services could both be reduced by redistributing funds in favour of prevention1 ; while some add that such action would have the additional attraction of reducing the dependence of society on the medical profession.2 3 This shift in public opinion is due to many factors. One is the very success of curative medicine, which has been so great that cures are taken for granted and clinical medicine is now blamed for its remaining failures. Another is the increasing scope, complexity, and, particularly, cost of the services that aim to cure, which has been so great that four Secretaries of State were led to write, in 1976, that ''curative medicine may be increasingly subject to the law of diminishing returns.4 Opinion has been changed, too, by the experience of iatrogenic illness that has sometimes accompanied the use of effective drugs and of the environmental hazards that have sometimes resulted from industrial growth and the introduction of new and potentially noxious materials. Most
The Role of Age on Dose-Limiting Toxicities in Phase I Dose-Escalation Trials
Authors: A. Schwandt, P.J. Harris, S. Hunsberger, A. Deleporte, G.L. Smith, D. Vulih, B.D. Anderson, S.P. Ivy
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Elderly oncology patients are not enrolled in early-phase trials in proportion to the numbers of geriatric patients with cancer. There may be concern that elderly patients will not tolerate investigational agents as well as younger patients, resulting in a disproportionate number of dose-limiting toxicities (DLT). Recent single-institution studies provide conflicting data on the relationship between age and DLT.We retrospectively reviewed data about patients treated on single-agent, dose-escalation, phase I clinical trials sponsored by the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) of the National Cancer Institute. Patients' dose levels were described as a percentage of maximum tolerated dose, the highest dose level at which <33% of patients had a DLT, or recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Mixed-effect logistic regression models were used to analyze relationships between the probability of a DLT and age and other explanatory variables.Increasing dose, increasing age, and worsening performance status (PS) were significantly related to an increased probability of a DLT in this model (P < 0.05). There was no association between dose level administered and age (P = 0.57).This analysis of phase I dose-escalation trials, involving more than 500 patients older than 70 years of age, is the largest reported. As age and dose level increased and PS worsened, the probability of a DLT increased. Although increasing age was associated with occurrence of DLT, this risk remained within accepted thresholds of risk for phase I trials. There was no evidence of age bias on enrollment of patients on low or high dose levels.
Trial would not answer key question, but data monitoring should be improved
Authors: A. Macfarlane
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To ask whether there should be a trial of home versus hospital delivery puts the cart before the horse, by proposing a method before deciding on the question that needs to be answered.

Comparisons between the settings are hampered by the lack of unique and universal definitions of home birth and hospital birth, the differences relating not only to the characteristics of the locations but to the roles of the midwives, general practitioners, and hospital doctors who are giving care. Even within the United Kingdom, care for home births can be given by NHS or independent midwives, with varying participation of general practitioners and hospital doctors and varying contact with hospital maternity units. Similarly, hospitals, which range …
Test procedures to evaluate effects of chemical exposure on fertility and reproduction
Authors: Paul L. Wright
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Various methods have been developed to assess the effects of chemical substances on reproduction. In some instances, the tests have been developed to define the effects of treatment on specific segments of the reproductive cycle. In other cases, studies are conducted to determine the cumulative effects of treatment during one or more generations. The structure, advantages, and disadvantages of three types of conventional reproduction studies are reviewed. An outline of the procedural sequences, observations, and record evaluation required in the three-period reproduction study, the three-generation reproduction study, and the multigeneration reproduction study are presented.
Prevalence of low body mass in rheumatoid arthritis: association with the acute phase response
Authors: R Munro, H Capell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To ascertain the prevalence of low body mass in a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population and to explore a possible relation with the acute phase response. <h3>METHODS</h3> 97 patients who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for RA were recruited. Change in weight from initial presentation was noted. Body mass index (BMI), upper arm fat and muscle areas were recorded together with fat free mass calculated from the waist measurement. Blood samples were taken for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), and serum albumin. <h3>RESULTS</h3> 13% of the RA group fell into the lowest 5th centile for BMI for the general population. The loss of body mass was greater for lean tissue than fat, with over 50% of the RA group falling into the lowest 10th centile of a reference population for the upper arm muscle area. Female patients who lost greater than 15% of their initial weight had higher health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) results than the rest of the group (p=0.020). In female patients there was a significant correlation between reduced fat free mass and the acute phase response (ESR p=0.016 and CRP p=0.003) <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> There is an increased prevalence of low body mass, greatest for lean tissue, in the RA population. In the female group there was an inverse relation between the acute phase response and fat free mass. Female patients with RA who lose a significant amount of weight are more disabled as assessed by HAQ.
Letter: Deaths during dentistry.
Authors: L Milner
Journal: BMJ (1974)

mathod of naintaining air cleanliness at a level of two to three colony-producing particles/100 ft3 (2-8 m3) air in the presence of four persons working as an active operting team in a relatively small enclosure.To equal this without complicating the installation it is necessary for surgeons to suffer what may at first seem oertain incoveniences, but it they appreciate the rationale behind the design they will very soon beome adapted to it.-Iam, etc.,
Abstract 4262: The role of SPP1 in NPC microenvironment.
Authors: Jinna Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is highly associated with EBV infection and lymphocytes infiltration, which contribute to form the NPC microenvironment. To better understand the NPC microenvironment, we conducted PCR array using pooled cDNA mixtures from 5 NPC tissues and their counterpart non-tumor tissues to profile inflammation-associated gene expression. We found that the Th1/Th2 related cytokines were down regulated in NPC tissues. This result was verified by Real-time quantitative PCR using 13 pairs of NPC samples and non-tumor tissues. The result of IHC staining of NPC tissues with T helper cell marker CD4 also showed decreased infiltration of T helper cells. Lower level of Th1/Th2 related cytokines were also detected in NPC serum compared to paired non-tumor serum. Osteopontin (SPP1), a glycophosphoprotein, playing roles in inflammation, bone formation, and tumor progression and metastasis, was over expressed in 67% (8/12) of NPC samples compared with non-tumor tissues. IHC staining of SPP1 in NPC tissues also showed up-regulation of SPP1 in either NPC cells or lymphocytes. To study the effect of SPP1 on T helper cells population, we cultured PBMC by adding SPP1 protein at the concentration from 0 to 100 ng/ml into the culture medium, followed by Flow Cytometry analysis. We found that Low-dose SPP1 protein stimulated T helper cell proliferation, which could be inhibited by SPP1 at high dose. Our data indicated that the over-expression of SPP1 by NPC cells might contribute to tumor immunosuppression in NPC microenvironment, thus promote cancer progression. Citation Format: Jinna Chen. The role of SPP1 in NPC microenvironment. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4262. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4262
Intravesical Therapy for Superficial Bladder Cancer: Slow but Steady Progress
Authors: Donald L. Lamm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.08.099 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print November 1, 2016 PMID: 14581444 Intravesical Therapy for Superficial Bladder Cancer: Slow but Steady Progress Donald L. LammxDonald L. LammSearch for articles by this author Show More Deparment of Urology, Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.08.099 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Intravesical Therapy for Superficial Bladder Cancer: Slow but Steady Progress." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(23), pp. 4259–4260© 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Identifcation of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs in CD4+ T cells response to latent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Zhengjun Yi, Jianhua Li, Kunshan Gao, Yurong Fu
Journal: Journal of Infection (2014)

To identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CD4(+) T cells triggered upon latent tuberculosis (TB) infection.Expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in CD4(+) T cells from individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI), active TB and healthy controls were analyzed by microarray assay and four lncRNAs were selected for validation using real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway based approaches were used to investigate biological functions and signaling pathways affected by the differentially expressed mRNAs.LncRNAs and mRNAs in CD4(+) T cells were involved in LTBI and active TB disease. Compared with healthy controls, 449 lncRNAs and 461 mRNAs were deregulated in LTBI group, 1,113 lncRNAs and 1,490 mRNAs were deregulated in active TB group, as well as 163 lncRNAs and 187 mRNAs were differentially expressed in both LTBI and active TB group. It was worth noting that 41 lncRNAs and 60 mRNAs were deregulated between three groups. Most deregulated lncRNAs were from intergenic regions (∼ 50%), natural antisense to protein-coding loci (∼ 20%), or intronic antisense to protein-coding loci (∼ 10%). Significantly enriched signaling pathways based on deregulated mRNAs were mainly involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, etc.The study was the first report of differentially expressed lncRNAs in CD4(+) T cells response to TB infection and indicated that some lncRNAs may be involved in regulating host immune response to TB infection. Future studies are needed to further elucidate potential roles of these deregulated lncRNAs in LTBI and its reactivation.
767-2 Biphasic Shocks of “Reversed” Polarity are Superior to Those of “Initial” Polarity in Defibrillation of the Heart in Patients Undergoing Transvenous Cardioverter/Defibrillator Implantation
Authors: Christoph Stellbrink, Patrick Schauerte, Georg Haltern, Edith Kuckertz, Peter Hanrath, Friedrich A. Schöndube, Holger Löser, Christoph Rosenbaum, Bruno J. Messmer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)