tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Oxygen Images Correlate Spatially and Quantitatively with Oxylite Oxygen Measurements
Authors: Martyna Elas, Kang-Hyun Ahn, Adrian Parasca, Eugene D. Barth, David Lee, Chad Haney, Howard J. Halpern
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Tumor oxygenation predicts cancer therapy response and malignant phenotype. This has spawned a number of oxymetries. Comparison of different oxymetries is crucial for the validation and understanding of these techniques. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging is a novel technique for providing quantitative high-resolution images of tumor and tissue oxygenation. This work compares sequences of tumor pO2 values from EPR oxygen images with sequences of oxygen measurements made along a track with an Oxylite oxygen probe. Four-dimensional (three spatial and one spectral) EPR oxygen images used spectroscopic imaging techniques to measure the width of a spectral line in each image voxel from a trityl spin probe (OX063, Amersham Health R&amp;D) in the tissues and tumor of mice after spin probe injection. A simple calibration allows direct, quantitative translation of each line width to an oxygen concentration. These four-dimensional EPR images, obtained in 45 minutes from FSa fibrosarcomas grown in the legs of C3H mice, have a spatial resolution of ∼1 mm and oxygen resolution of ∼3 Torr. The position of the Oxylite track was measured within a 2-mm accuracy using a custom stereotactic positioning device. A total of nine images that involve 17 tracks were obtained. Of these, most showed good correlation between the Oxylite measured pO2 and a track located in the tumor within the uncertainties of the Oxylite localizability. The correlation was good both in terms of spatial distribution pattern and pO2 magnitude. The strong correlation of the two modalities corroborates EPR imaging as a useful tool for the study of tumor oxygenation.
Health secretary will no longer be obliged to provide health service under new bill, says legal opinion
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

In this study, we describe the cloning and characterization of a proton-dependent, broadly selective nucleoside transporter from<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. Recently, we constructed a broadly selective nucleoside transporter which accepts both purine and pyrimidine nucleosides. Based on these studies, we hypothesized that CNTs with novel substrate selectivities exist in nature and that a CNT homolog in the <i>C. elegans</i> genomic database may function as a broadly selective nucleoside transporter. We cloned the cDNA for this transporter, termed CeCNT3 because of its broad selectivity, using polymerase chain reaction-based methods. CeCNT3 is predicted to have 575 amino acid residues (63.4 kDa) with 11 to 14 putative transmembrane domains and exhibits ∼30% identity to members of the mammalian CNT family. This transporter exhibits a novel substrate selectivity, transporting a wide range of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides (inosine, guanosine, adenosine, uridine, and thymidine) but not cytidine. The apparent <i>K</i><sub>m</sub> values for inosine and thymidine are 15.2 ± 5.3 μM and 11.0 ± 2.4 μM, respectively. Kinetic studies demonstrate that purine and pyrimidine nucleosides share a common recognition site in the transporter. In contrast to all known members of the mammalian CNT family, CeCNT3-mediated transport of nucleosides is proton-, but not sodium-, dependent. Mutation of tyrosine 332 in CeCNT3 decreased both the maximum uptake rate and apparent <i>K</i><sub>m</sub> of thymidine, suggesting that this residue is in the domain of nucleoside recognition and translocation. The broad nucleoside specificity of CeCNT3 may be explained by this and other residues that restrict purine and pyrimidine nucleoside uptake and that discriminate among pyrimidine nucleosides.
Neurotoxic Reaction to Penicillin and Carbenicillin
Authors: Neil A. Kurtzman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Two cases of neurotoxic reaction to penicillin and carbenicillin were observed. Penicillin has long been known to be neurotoxic when given in "massive" doses to patients with reduced renal function. Carbenicillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin, should be considered to have the same neurotoxic potential as penicillin. Signs of neurotoxic reaction should be sought in patients with diminished renal function who receive large doses of penicillin or its derivatives. Appropriate reductions in dose should be made in patients developing signs of neurotoxic reaction to penicillin.
Patient and graft outcomes from older living kidney donors are similar to those from younger donors despite lower GFR
Authors: Lourdes S.Peña De La Vega, Alvaro Torres, Humberto E. Bohorquez, Julie K. Heimbach, James M. Gloor, Thomas R. Schwab, Sandra J. Taler, Scott L. Nyberg, Michael B. Ishitani, Mikel Prieto, Jorge A. Velosa, Timothy S. Larson, Mark D. Stegall, Fernando G. Cosio, Stephen C. Textor, Matthew D. Griffin
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Another Zoonosis from Monkeys: Tanapox
Authors: JAMES P. LUBY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Editorial Notes1 November 1971Another Zoonosis from Monkeys: TanapoxJAMES P. LUBY, M.D.JAMES P. LUBY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-5-800 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA recent article in theBritish Medical Journal(1) details the latest in a growing list of disease agents that are potentially transmissible to man by association with monkeys. Tanapox, the viral disease described by the authors, originally occurred in epidemic form in 1957 and 1962 among natives living along the Tana River in Kenya. The 1962 epidemic resulted in approximately 50 human cases. The report is of practical interest in the United States because of the continuing importation of nonhuman primates for research purposes, vaccine production, and display in zoos. Its significance is directly attested to by the fact...References1. DOWNIETAYLOR-ROBINSONCAUNT ACA: Tanapox: a new disease caused by a pox virus. Br Med J 1:363-368, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. CASEYWOODRUFFBUTCHER HJW: Electron microscopy of a benign epidermal pox disease of rhesus monkeys. Am J Pathol 51:431-446, 1967 MedlineGoogle Scholar3. HALLMCNULTY AW: A contagious pox disease in monkeys. J Am Vet Med Assoc 151:833-838, 1967 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. MCNULTYLOBITZHU WWF: A pox disease in monkeys transmitted to man. Clinical and histological features. Arch Dermatol 97:286-293, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SAUER R (editor): Care and diseases of the research monkey. Ann NY Acad Sci 85:735-992, 1960 Google Scholar6. HELDRICHARDSONMOSLEY JJJ: A zoonosis associated with African green monkeys. J Am Vet Med Assoc 153:881-884, 1968 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JAMES P. LUBY, M.D.Affiliations: University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas Dallas, Tex. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEstimating the geographic distribution of human Tanapox and potential reservoirs using ecological niche modelingTanapox: first report in a European traveller and identification by PCRBiohazards Associated with Laboratory Animals 1 November 1971Volume 75, Issue 5Page: 800-801KeywordsRiversVaccinesViral diseasesZoonoses ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Gallstones in custard
Authors: B. Witcombe
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Most recipes are not inventions. The Delia Smiths of this world don't invent new recipes in the scientific sense of the word. They take a known mix and add a bit more garnish here, a few herbs there, and, if successful, promulgate the new recipe under their name, t be passed on from friend to friend and generation to generation. The stimulus for the activity may be an important dinner party, a new boss to impress, or, in the case of professional chefs, a new book or television programme to fill. The stimulus for our …
Effect of high dose somatostatin analogue on growth hormone concentrations in acromegaly
Authors: L M Sandler, J M Burrin, G F Joplin, S R Bloom
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Clinical details of and results in women undergoing oocyte recovery by transvesical or transvaginal ultrasonography Vesical scanning Vaginal scanning Clinical details Mean age (range) (years) 32-7 (25-40) 31-6 (22-42) Mean duration of infertility (range) (years) 5 0 (2-12) 5-9 (1-14) No (%) with infertility factor: Tubal 41(82) 42 (84) Male 9 (18) 5 (10) Endometriosis 4 (8) 3 (6) Unexplained 9 (18) 8 (16) On day of stimulation with HCG*:Median plasma oestradiol (range) (pmoll1) 3290 (833-14430) 3090 (648-15 170) Median plasma progesterone (range) (nmol/l): 0-6 (0-3-13 4)1-3 (0-3-7-3) No (%) >6 nmol/l 4 (8) 3 (6) Median diameter of leading follicle (range) (mm) 18 (14-28) 17 (11-25) Results No (%) of cycles started 50 (100) 50 ( 100) No (%) of oocyte recoveries performed 48 (96) 48 ( 96) No (%) with at least one oocyte 45 (90) 47 (94) Median no of oocytes/recovery (range) 3 (0-12) 4 (0-10) t Median no of oocytes fertilised/recovery (range) 1 (0-5) 2 (0-7)t Median no of embryos transferred (range) 1 (0-4) 2 (0-4)t 1 Torode HW, Picker RH, Porter RN, et al.Oocyte pickup by laparoscopy replaced by transvaginal aspiration in an in vitro fertilisation program.
A simple strategy to identify acute hepatitis C virus infection among newly incarcerated injection drug users
Authors: Arthur Y. Kim, Ellen H. Nagami, Christopher E. Birch, Melinda J. Bowen, Georg M. Lauer, Barbara H. McGovern
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is underdiagnosed because most patients are asymptomatic. The majority of new infections occur among people who inject drugs (PWID), many of whom have a history of incarceration. In a previous pilot study, we identified symptomatic HCV cases, mainly among Caucasian inmates. We designed a cross-sectional study to evaluate whether risk factor–based screening of newly incarcerated inmates would enhance identification of asymptomatic acute HCV infection and elucidate any demographic shifts in HCV acquisition. From October 2006 to March 2008, 6,342 inmates underwent health assessments and 3,470 inmates (55%) were screened. The racial distribution was as follows: African American, 24.0%; Caucasian, 49.5%; Hispanic, 22.2%. One hundred seventy-one inmates (4.9%) were classified as high-risk. After further evaluation, 35 (20.5%) inmates were diagnosed with acute HCV with a mean age of 29 years; 62.9% were female and 91% were Caucasian. No African Americans were diagnosed with acute HCV. Our case-finding rate was 1.9 patients/month nearly a three-fold increase compared with our historical control period with a higher proportion of asymptomatic cases. We estimate a prevalence of ˜1.0% (95% confidence interval, 0.7%-1.4%) of acute HCV infections among newly incarcerated inmates. Conclusion : Within the correctional system, systematic screening based on risk factors successfully identifies acute HCV infection among PWID, including asymptomatic patients. Our data also reflect changing nationwide patterns of injection drug use that vary by age, ethnicity, and race, leading to a marked reduction of acute HCV infections among African Americans compared with non-Hispanic whites. The nationwide implementation of this simple low-cost strategy in prison-based settings could identify more than 7,000 acute HCV infections among PWID, provide insight into changing epidemiologic trends, and facilitate appropriate therapeutic and preventive interventions. (Hepatology 2013)
THE POTENTIAL OF 64-SLICE MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY TO REPLACE INVASIVE CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY - THE ONTARIO MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY STUDY (OMCAS)
Authors: Michael Richard Freeman, Ben Chow, James Bowen, Ron Goeree
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Early Obesity Trigger?
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biology of the Immune Response
Authors: Charles E. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Immunology has passed through adolescence and into manhood since most physicians now in practice were in medical school. Like an adolescent outgrowing his clothes, immunology has been outgrowing its textbooks as fast as they are written. But now the basic concepts which have been changing almost with every new experiment seem to have solidified. From now on the changes are likely to be chiefly elaboration and addition of detail rather than radical changes in our fundamental understanding of the immune response. It is a good time to buy a new textbook. Abramoff and La Via have written one which emphasizes the cellular events and interactions which take place during the immune response. They have called on several other immunologists, mostly associated with the University of Colorado, for several chapters. These contributors are distinguished investigators and experts in their subjects. By and large the book achieves its purpose of presenting an
One in 50 Europeans are living with cancer or are in remission
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Europe's first cancer prevalence study has shown that people in western European countries are more likely to be living with cancer than those in eastern Europe, partly because of high survival rates and longer life expectancy.

The Europreval study, published as two papers in this month's issue of the Annals of Oncology (2002;13:831-9, 840-65), included more than three million cancer patients in 45 registries. Rich nations such as Sweden, Switzerland, Germany, and Italy have the highest prevalence of cancer in Europe, whereas Poland, Estonia, Slovakia, and Slovenia have the lowest. England had the 10th highest rates out of 17 countries listed, and …
Virus-Induced Unfolded Protein Response Attenuates Antiviral Defenses via Phosphorylation-Dependent Degradation of the Type I Interferon Receptor
Authors: Jianghuai Liu, Wei-Chun HuangFu, K.G. Suresh Kumar, Juan Qian, James P. Casey, Robert B. Hamanaka, Christina Grigoriadou, Rafael Aldabe, J. Alan Diehl, Serge Y. Fuchs
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)
Measuring Tumor Volume with Three-Dimensional Endoscopic Ultrasonography: an Experimental and Clinical Study (including video)
Authors: M. Watanabe, M. Kida, Y. Yamada, K. Saigenji
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

The Olympus EU-IP2 three-dimensional endoscopic ultrasound (3D-EUS) imaging system makes it possible to display tumors in three dimensions and estimate their volume.Experimental and clinical studies of the volume estimation function of the Olympus EU-IP2 system was carried out to evaluate its accuracy and assess the extent of tumor shrinkage caused by fixation, dehydration, and staining. Results. In the experimental studies, compared with the actual volume of a 1000-mm (3) gelatin column, the estimated volume was found to be equivalent to 114 +/- 1.8 % with the 3R probe and 143 +/- 0.8 % with the 2R probe (mean plus or minus standard deviation). The mean estimated volume of tumor models was 127 +/- 8.5 % with the 3R probe and 131 +/- 6.8 % with the 2R probe. Greater distance from the probe was associated with a greater degree of error than the target object's size, angle, or the number of traces of its outline made. In the clinical studies, compared with the histologically determined tumor volume (100 %), the mean estimated tumor volume was 178 +/- 48.2 % in situ, 168 +/- 31.3 % in resected specimens, and 137 +/- 31.5 % after fixation. Fixation, dehydration, and staining were thus associated with tumor shrinkage.The volume of gastrointestinal lesions can be estimated by 3D-EUS, although it is overestimated in comparison with actual values. 3D-EUS also allows direct comparisons to be made between the tumor volume before surgery and the volume of fixed pathological specimens, so that the rate of tumor shrinkage can be estimated.
Perioperative risk of complete heart block in patients with bifascicular block and prolonged PR interval.
Authors: F L Mikell, E K Weir, E Chesler
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Because there is a paucity of information on the perioperative risk of developing complete heart block among patients with bifascicular block (either right bundle branch block and left anterior hemiblock or left bundle branch block) and a long PR interval on the surface electrocardiogram, we undertook an analysis of 76 such patients. Twenty-three patients had right bundle branch block and left axis deviation with a long PR interval and 53 had left bundle branch block with along PR interval. Thirty patients had 37 general anaesthetics, 23 had 32 spinal anaesthetics, and 50 had 64 local anaesthetics or endoscopic procedures. No patient developed complete heart block. Four patients developed sinus bradycardia during general anaesthetics, responsive to atropine or isoproterenol. Similarly, none of the 23 such patients in the literature reviewed had developed complete heart block. Because placement to temporary pacemakers is not without risk, we conclude that prophylactic pacing is not necessary in asymptomatic patients with bifascicular block even in the presence of a long PR interval. Since we did not study patients with recent syncope or myocardial infarction, caution should be exercised in applying these results to such patients.
Decreased HbA1c Levels Due to Sulfonamide-Induced Hemolysis in Two IDDM Patients
Authors: Cees J Tack, Jack F Wetzels
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

Regular measurement of HbA1c (percentage) is an essential component of modern diabetes care. Factors that affect the life span of erythrocytes will also influence HbA1c results. In this study, we describe two patients with IDDM, whose regularly determined HbA1c values were considerably decreased with the concomitant use of two related sulfonamide drugs, sulfasalazine and dapsone. The fall in HbA1c results is explained by increased erythrocytopoiesis as a product of drug-induced hemolysis. Fructosamine concentrations are not affected by hemolysis and reflected glycemic control better. We conclude that under conditions of persistent (subclinical) hemolysis, as occurs during the use of sulfonamides, HbA1c is not a reliable indicator of glycemic control.
Getting at animal culture: The interface of experimental and ethnographic evidence in dolphins
Authors: Alain J-P. C. Tschudin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

While supporting the claim for culture in cetaceans, I suggest that Rendell and Whitehead's argument is potentially incomplete if based solely on ethnographic evidence. The notion of cetacean culture can also be explored experimentally. I hope to complement the authors' assertion by discussing dolphin brain and behavioural research findings, thus contributing to a more holistic argument for culture in dolphins.
Liver-cell-membrane autoantibody specific for inflammatory liver diseases.
Authors: U Tage-Jensen, W Arnold, O Dietrichson, F Hardt, U Hopf, K H Meyer Zum Buschenfelde, J O Nielsen
Journal: BMJ (1977)

With an immunofluorescence technique using rabbit hepatocytes isolated by a non-enzymatic method an autoantibody directed against liver-cell-membrance was identified. Sera from 361 patients with various liver diseases and 274 patients with primary non-hepatic diseases-many associated with non-organ-specific auto-antibodies-were examined. The antibody (LMA) was found in 27 out of 72 patients with hepatitis-B-surgace antigen (HBsAg)-negative chronic active hepatitis and in 17 out of 28 patients with HBsAg-negative non-alcoholic cirrhosis. Only two patients had LMA and HBsAg, and both had chronic active hepatitis. One patient with extrhepatic disease was found to have LMA, and this patient had biochemical evidence of liver disease. Hence there is a close correlation between the presence of LMA and HBsAg-negative chronic inflammatory liver diseases and its detection may help in diagnosis.
Lipoprotein(a) Enhances the Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Cultured Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Authors: Shigeki Takami, Shizuya Yamashita, Shinji Kihara, Masato Ishigami, Kaoru Takemura, Noriaki Kume, Toru Kita, Yuji Matsuzawa
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —We reported an increase in serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels in patients with thromboangiitis obliterans, suggesting that Lp(a) could also contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases by a mechanism different from atherosclerosis. Adhesion molecules were shown to contribute to the development of not only atherosclerotic but also inflammatory vascular diseases. Methods and Results —We evaluated the effect of Lp(a) on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, and E-selectin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by a cell ELISA. Lp(a) dramatically enhanced the levels of ICAM-1 in a dose-dependent manner. A discernible increase in ICAM-1 expression was observed at a physiological concentration of 0.26 mmol cholesterol/L Lp(a) after 48-hour incubation. A 1.8-fold increase in ICAM-1 expression was observed 48 hours after the addition of Lp(a) (1.04 mmol cholesterol/L). Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the amount of ICAM-1 mRNA was increased after treatment with Lp(a). In contrast to ICAM-1, the expression of VCAM-1 and E-selectin was not significantly affected by Lp(a). Lp(a−) [apolipoprotein(a)-removed Lp(a) by reduction with dithiothreitol] and LDL had no significant effect on the expression of ICAM-1. In contrast, recombinant apolipoprotein(a) protein alone significantly enhanced ICAM-1 expression. Lp(a) decreased the level of active transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the conditioned medium. Furthermore, recombinant TGF-β significantly decreased the Lp(a)-induced ICAM-1 expression. These findings suggested that Lp(a) may enhance the ICAM-1 expression by decreasing active TGF-β level. Conclusions —Lp(a) could contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases by enhancing the expression of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells.
Why me, doctor?
Authors: T. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1996)

One of the more difficult and therefore frequently more irritating questions which patients ask me about their diagnoses—often with the pained reflection, “But I've never had it before”—is: “Why have I got it?” More often than not, I do not have the faintest idea. I admit this only in selected cases, since the mere tone of asking the question betokens the patient's restless quest for rationality and a low tolerance for ambiguity. I avoid saying, “Because an enemy has put a curse on you,” but …