tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Literacy and Misunderstanding Prescription Drug Labels
Authors: Munsey S. Wheby
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters21 August 2007Literacy and Misunderstanding Prescription Drug LabelsMunsey S. Wheby, MDMunsey S. Wheby, MDFrom the ACP Foundation Board of Trustees (Immediate Past Chair).Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-4-200708210-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I applaud Annals of Internal Medicine for publishing the article and accompanying editorial on patient literacy and misunderstanding of prescription drug labels (1, 2). These articles help direct greater physician attention to the ability of patients to understand and follow basic health information. In addition, they spotlight our critical need to provide patients with health information in a form that they can read and follow.Recognizing these needs, the American College of Physicians (ACP) Foundation embarked on a nationwide campaign in 2001—the Health Communication Initiative. This 10-year initiative focuses on the individual patient's capacity to obtain, process, ...References1. Davis TC, Wolf MS, Bass PF, Thompson JA, Tilson HH, Neuberger M, et al. Literacy and misunderstanding prescription drug labels. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:887-94. [PMID: 17135578] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Schillinger D. Misunderstanding prescription labels: the genie is out of the bottle [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:926-8. [PMID: 17135577] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the ACP Foundation Board of Trustees (Immediate Past Chair).Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoLiteracy and Misunderstanding Prescription Drug Labels Terry C. Davis , Michael S. Wolf , Pat F. Bass III , Jason A. Thompson , Hugh H. Tilson , Marolee Neuberger , and Ruth M. Parker Misunderstanding Prescription Labels: The Genie Is Out of the Bottle Dean Schillinger Literacy and Misunderstanding Prescription Drug Labels Christopher T. Parker Literacy and Misunderstanding Prescription Drug Labels David Katz Literacy and Misunderstanding Prescription Drug Labels Ali Jawaid Metrics 21 August 2007Volume 147, Issue 4Page: 280KeywordsAgingConflicts of interestDrugsHealth information technologyHealth promotionLiteracyPatients ePublished: 21 August 2007 Issue Published: 21 August 2007 CopyrightCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 2558: CEBPD induces SOD1 and cisplatin resistance in urothelial carcinoma
Authors: A-Mei Huang, Yan-Liang Lai, Ching-I Kuan, Esta Sterneck, Wen-Jeng Wu, Yeong-Shiau Pu, Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Bladder cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer in men (ninth in women) in the United States. Cisplatin is an effective agent against the most common subtype, urothelial carcinoma. However, the development of chemotherapy resistance is a severe clinical problem for the successful treatment of cancers. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular events in response to cisplatin treatment and the development of resistance are critical to improve the therapeutic options for patients. Here, we report that expression of the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (CEBPD, C/EBPδ, NFIL-6β) is induced by cisplatin in the human bladder urothelial carcinoma NTUB1 cell line and is specifically elevated in a cisplatin resistant subline. Expression of CEBPD reduces cisplatin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in NTUB1 cells by inducing the expression of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) via direct promoter trans-activation. Several reports have implicated CEBPD as a tumor suppressor gene. This study reveals a novel role for CEBPD in conferring drug resistance, suggesting that it can also be pro-oncogenic. Furthermore, our data suggest that SOD inhibitors, which are already used as antiangiogenic agents, may be suitable for combinatorial chemotherapy to prevent or treat cisplatin resistance in bladder and possibly other cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2558.
The Role of the Basic Sciences in Medical Research
Authors: Charles Harington
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

I MUST first of all express my profound appreciation of the honour you have done me in inviting me to deliver this Shattuck Lecture. To be the first man from across the Atlantic to be asked to undertake this task is in itself a signal compliment, but for me there is a special feeling of pleasure in that you have thought fit to invite me, a nonmedical man, to address you on this occasion, when we have in mind the memory of a physician, a former president of this Society and a member of a great Boston medical family. In . . .
Safety and efficacy of lithium in combination with riluzole for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Swati P Aggarwal, Lorne Zinman, Elizabeth Simpson, Jane McKinley, Katherine E Jackson, Hanika Pinto, Petra Kaufman, Robin A Conwit, David Schoenfeld, Jeremy Shefner, Merit Cudkowicz
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2010)
Hypothermia Improves Defibrillation Success and Resuscitation Outcomes From Ventricular Fibrillation
Authors: Kimberly A. Boddicker, Yi Zhang, M. Bridget Zimmerman, Loyd R. Davies, Richard E. Kerber
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Induced hypothermia is recommended to improve neurological outcomes in unconscious survivors of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest. Patients resuscitated from a VF arrest are at risk of refibrillation, but there are few data on the effects of already existing hypothermia on defibrillation and resuscitation.Thirty-two swine (mean+/-SE weight, 23.0+/-0.6 kg) were divided into 4 groups: normothermia (n=8), mild hypothermia (35 degrees C) (n=8), moderate hypothermia (33 degrees C) (n=8), and severe hypothermia (30 degrees C) (n=8). Hypothermia was induced by surrounding the animal with ice, and VF was electrically induced. After 8 minutes of unsupported VF (no CPR), the swine were defibrillated (biphasic waveform) with successive shocks as needed and underwent CPR until resumption of spontaneous circulation or no response (> or =10 minutes). First-shock defibrillation success was higher in the moderate hypothermia group (6 of 8 hypothermia versus 1 of 8 normothermia; P=0.04). The number of shocks needed for late defibrillation (> or =1 minute after initial shock) was less in all 3 hypothermia groups compared with normothermia (all P<0.05). None of the 8 animals in the normothermia group achieved resumption of spontaneous circulation compared with 3 of 8 mild hypothermia (P=NS), 7 of 8 moderate hypothermia (P=0.001), and 5 of 8 severe hypothermia (P=0.03) animals. Coronary perfusion pressure during CPR was not different between the groups.When VF was induced in the setting of moderate or severe hypothermia, resuscitative measures were facilitated with significantly improved defibrillation success and resuscitation outcome. The beneficial effect of hypothermia was not due to alteration of coronary perfusion pressure, which suggests that changes in the mechanical, metabolic, or electrophysiological properties of the myocardium may be responsible.
Poisons Children Swallow
Authors: J. O. Craig
Journal: BMJ (1955)

The pattern of accidental poisoning in childhood has changed considerably in recent years, as the comparison (see Table ), based on the Registrar-General's returns, shows.Commoner Poisons Causing Death in Children Under 10 Years England and Wales 1931-5 1950-2 No. of No. of Poison Deaths Poison Deaths Belladonna (vegetable and medi- Ferrous sulphate 24 cinal) .. .. 8 Antihistamines 19Caustic soda (? + co rro-Aspirin . . .
Case 14-1966
Authors: Walter T. St. Goar, Richard B. Cohe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

PRESENTATION OF CASEA sixty-three-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of confusion.He had been well until five weeks previously, when he felt vaguely unwell and noticed a blank spot in the left field of vision. On admission to another hospital an early cataract was observed in the left eye, and the thorax was hyperresonant; the physical examination was otherwise negative, the laboratory studies, including urinalysis, disclosed no abnormality, an electrocardiogram was normal, and an x-ray film of the chest was normal except for moderate pulmonary hyperaeration. Two weeks after admission pruritus developed, unaccompanied by a rash. Trimeprazine . . .
Dermal fibroblast-associated gene induction by asiaticoside shown in vitro by DNA microarray analysis
Authors: L. Lu, K. Ying, S. Wei, Y. Liu, H. Lin, Y. Mao
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Asiaticoside, isolated from Centella asiatica, promotes fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in wound healing. The precise mechanism, however, in molecular and gene expression levels is still unclear.Using cDNA microarray technology, the alteration of gene expression profiles was determined for human dermal fibroblasts in vitro in the presence of asiaticoside (30 microg mL(-1)). Fifty-four genes, with known functions for cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and synthesis of ECM, were significantly upregulated in our 'genome-nest' expression profile at various time points. Furthermore, the mRNA levels and protein production of certain genes responsible for ECM synthesis (e.g. encoding type I and type III collagen proteins) were evaluated by Northern blot and radioimmunoassay, respectively.We found that there is a close correlation between the gene profile, mRNA and protein production in the response of the cells to asiaticoside stimulation.This information could be used for exploring the response of the target genes to asiaticoside in fibroblasts.
TTP: New Clues to the Etiology of an Enigmatic Disease
Authors: Richard H. Aster
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) has been recognized as a clinical entity for more than 50 years.1 The classic histologic lesions of this remarkable disease are "microthrombi" consisting mainly of platelets and fibrin, which can be found in the small vessels of virtually any tissue. These lesions appear to explain most of the clinical findings in TTP, but their origin has thus far defied explanation.Until about 1965, TTP was regarded as a fulminant, almost invariably fatal disease. Since then, increasing numbers of survivors have been reported. Most of them have been treated with some combination of corticosteroids, splenectomy, heparin and . . .
Double-Phase Tc-99m Sestamibi Scintigraphy in a Patient With Uremia and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism An Aid for Subtotal Parathyroidectomy
Authors: NATHALIE VALLI, FRANCOISE LECCIA, ANTOINE POMMEREAU, LAURENCE BORDENAVE, ERIC LAFFON, DOMINIQUE DUCASSOU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with uremia is an indication for surgical resection of a parathyroid mass when medical control is ineffective. Different surgical techniques have been proposed. In cases of subtotal parathyroidectomy, one question is still debated: Which parathyroid gland must be left in situ or saved for frozen preservation? In this case report, the authors indicate how double-phase scintigraphy with Tc-99m sestamibi could help to answer this question.
People with schizophrenia must have a say in their treatment
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2002)

People with schizophrenia in England and Wales should be involved in all decisions on their care and should be offered psychological as well as drug treatment. These are two of the recommendations in guidelines published by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) this week.

The guidelines outline what was judged to be best practice for health professionals caring for individuals with schizophrenia, after review of available evidence by a group of health professionals and people with schizophrenia.

The first recommendation—“health professionals should work in partnership with service users …
Tired, weak, or in need of rest: fatigue among general practice attenders.
Authors: A David, A Pelosi, E McDonald, D Stephens, D Ledger, R Rathbone, A Mann
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVES--To determine the prevalence and associations of symptoms of fatigue. DESIGN--Questionnaire survey. SETTING--London general practice. PARTICIPANTS--611 General practice attenders. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Scores on a fatigue questionnaire and reasons given for fatigue. RESULTS--10.2% Of men (17/167) and 10.6% of women (47/444) had substantial fatigue for one month or more. Age, occupation, and marital status exerted minor effects. Subjects attributed fatigue equally to physical and non-physical causes. Physical ill health, including viral infection, was associated with more severe fatigue. Women rather than men blamed family responsibilities for their fatigue. The profile of persistent fatigue did not differ from that of short duration. Only one person met criteria for the chronic fatigue syndrome. CONCLUSIONS--Fatigue is a common complaint among general practice attenders and can be severe. Patients may attribute this to physical, psychological, and social stress.
1392 THE COMMON ADIPONUTRIN (PNPLA3) VARIANT IS ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLINICAL LIVER INJURY ALREADY IN YOUNG AGE: ANALYSIS OF A COHORT OF PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: M. Krawczyk, I.B. Maier, R. Liebe, F. Lammert, I. Bergheim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Computed tomographic demonstration of calcification of the ligamenta flava of the lumbosacral spine in ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: E Avrahami, I Wigler, D Stern, D Caspi, M Yaron
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

An axial computed tomographic (CT) scan of the lumbosacral regions was performed in 65 patients. The patient population was divided into two groups. The first (control) group included 40 elderly patients without calcification of the ligamenta flava. The second group included 25 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. More than 90% of those in the second group showed calcified lumbosacral ligamenta flava. In two patients these calcifications produced spinal stenosis. The diagnostic and practical importance of these findings are discussed.
The prophylactic effect of aprotinin on intraoperative bleeding in liver transplantation: A randomized clinical study
Authors: L Garcia-Huete, P Domenech, A Sabate, F Martinez-Brotons, E Jaurrieta, J Figueras
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Fibrinolysis has been recognized as an important cause of intraoperative bleeding during orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Several investigators have used prophylactic administration of aprotinin in patients to inhibit fibrinolysis and to decrease transfusion requirements, morbidity, and mortality. Nevertheless, the role of aprotinin in this situation is not yet clear. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of prophylactic administration of aprotinin on intraoperative bleeding and blood requirements, and on hemostatic changes during OLT. Eighty consecutive patients were included in a double-blind, prospective study and were randomized in two groups. In group A (n = 39), an initial dose of 2 × 10 6 kallikrein inactivator units (KIU) of aprotinin was administered in the induction of anesthesia followed by infusion of 5 × 10 5 KIU/h until the end of the procedure. The control group (n = 41) received an identical volume of saline solution. The majority of the operations were performed with vena cava preservation (piggy-back technique) without venovenous bypass. During the anhepatic phase, a significant increase in levels of tissue plasminogen activator, thrombin- antithrombin complexes (TAT) and D-dimers (DD) was noted in both groups. A significant increment of TAT was observed in group A during reperfusion. The remaining hemostatic parameters were similar in both groups. Intraoperative requirements of packed red cells, fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), platelets, and cryoprecipitate were similar in the two groups. Our results suggest that prophylactic administration of aprotinin is not useful in reducing bleeding and blood product requirements during OLT.
731-2 Angiographic and Clinical Follow-up After Internal Mammary Artery Graft Angioplasty: A 9-Year Experience
Authors: Steven E. Hearne, John S. Wilson, Jessie Harrington, Stephen H. Royal, Jose A. Perez, Harry R. Phillips, Richard S. Stack, Michael H. Sketch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Sugar Content of Selected Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Paul F Souney, Dale A Cyr, Jacob T Chang, Alan F Kaul
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

Medications may contain significant amounts of various sugars. Data provided by 67 manufacturers have been tabulated to provide specific qualitative and quantitative information on sugar content of selected drug products. Since diabetic individuals may tolerate various sugar forms differently, it is useful to know specific sugar forms and content present in medications. This listing should prove to be a convenient guide to clinicians caring for diabetic individuals.
Abstract 603: Cardioprotection by p300 During Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion and Infarction in vivo
Authors: Jianqin Wei, Alexander Llanos, Claudia Rodrigues, Dylan Steen, Keith Webster, Nanette Bishopric
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: The acetyltransferase p300 is a critical regulator of cardiac growth and MEF-2- and GATA-4-dependent gene expression. We have previously shown that p300 is inducible by adrenergic stimulation and pressure overload in both in vitro and in vivo models. The p300 promoter contains 2 consensus HIF-1 binding sites. Hypothesis: p300 induction is an early survival signal during myocardial stress. Methods: A previously described mouse line expressing a cardiac-restricted p300 transgene (p300TG) with ~2.5x of control p300 levels was subjected to permanent left coronary occlusion (MI) or 40 min occlusion/24h reperfusion (I/R). Control mice from each genotype received thoracotomy without coronary ligation (sham). Cardiac function was assessed at 1h, 3d, 8d, and 6 wk by 30 MHz ultrasonography, and myocardial infarction size was assessed by histologic and biologic (TTC staining) assays at 6 wk. Infarct size was determined by TTC staining of coronal sections from apex to base and evaluated by planimetry. Results: In wt mice, p300 protein levels increased markedly by Western analysis in ischemic myocardium compared with remote non-ischemic tissue (2.0 fold at 3 d, 2.5 fold at 8d; n=34, p&lt;0.001 for both) and with sham-operated hearts (n=9, p &lt;0.001). Infarct size was reduced by 32% in p300TG mice compared to WT littermates (26.5%Ã‘Â =0.9 vs 38.6 Ã‘Â ±1.3 infarcted myocardium, p&lt;0.001, N=28). TUNEL analysis revealed extensive apoptosis in WT myocardium that was markedly reduced in p300TG hearts (N= 4). Similarly, p300TG mice experienced less cardiac functional loss from MI than wt littermates (fractional shortening=63.9 Ã‘Â ±2.6 vs. 44.3 Ã‘Â ±1.4 %, p &lt;.001, n= 10). In I/R mice, injury area was 29.2% less in p300TG vs. WT littermates (23.6 Ã‘Â ±1.7 vs. 33.8 Ã‘Â ±1.1% of total LV, p&lt;0.001, n=10). STAT3, HIF-1 and ERK1/2 protein levels were all induced by both ischemic and I/R injury, and this induction was significantly greater in p300TG myocardium (STAT-3, HIF-1, ERK1/2{1.5, 1.4, 2.1fold,p&lt;0.001 respectively). Conclusions: p300 is induced by ischemic stress, and exerts protection against ischemic injury in vivo. This effect is likely through induction of specific pro-hypertrophic, pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic signals.
Association of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) with antithyroid antibodies and thyroid disease in Poland
Authors: W. Zych, A. Habior, A. Lewartowska, M. Gietka-Czernel, M. Sankowska, W. Wojciechowska, A. Gardas, E. Butruk
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Israelis and Palestinians collaborate over health care
Authors: J. Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2000)

After hopes for an Israeli-Palestinian reconciliation at Camp David receded yet again last month, evidence of quiet cooperation between the two sides in health care brought some grounds for optimism.

Whereas Palestinian and Israeli political leaders may not yet be able to agree about sovereignty, territory, and security, health professionals are collaborating effectively to prevent and treat disease on both sides of the border, a study has shown.

The report, produced by experts at Al-Quds University, a …
Relationship of the final α-keratin compositions in dyskeratoses to those along the normal keratinization pathway: aetiological and diagnostic significance
Authors: I. HUNTER, D. SKERROW
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

The final α-keratin compositions attained in the outer horny layer of 16 dyskeratoses have been compared with the series of compositions which is produced during normal epidermal differentiation. In each case, the abnormal outer horny layer composition corresponded with that of normal basal, spinous, granular or inner horny cells, with, in some cases, the addition of α-keratins characteristic of hyperproliferating/regenerating keratinocytes. The results have implications for the aetiology of these diseases. In addition, the distinction between the α-keratin patterns in certain of the conditions was sufficiently clear to allow the use of the technique as a non-invasive aid to diagnosis.
Cardiovascular Research - the first 25 years
Authors: P. Sleight
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Cardiovascular Research – the first 25 years Get access Peter Sleight Peter Sleight Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 12, December 1991, Pages 969–978, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.12.969 Published: 01 December 1991
Responsible officers could test language skills of EU doctors
Authors: H. Jaques
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Responsible officers in England could be given the power to test the language skills of doctors from other countries of the European Union to ensure that they can speak English to an appropriate level.

The Department of Health has proposed that responsible officers be given legal powers to ensure that doctors seeking to work in their organisation meet certain minimum criteria that guarantee their competence to work in the NHS, including language competence and a reasonable understanding of NHS processes and treatments.

The department’s consultation on regulations governing the role of responsible officers will also seek views on where the officers will work when primary care trusts and strategic …
Cardiac pain referred to site of previously experienced somatic pain.
Authors: J A Henry, E Montuschi
Journal: BMJ (1978)

found any other reports of pneumomediastinum as a complication of anorexia nervosa, starvation, or wasting diseases.Studies on rats of lung ultrastructure and mechanics after prolonged starvation have shown an increase in alveolar surface forces and a decrease in tissue elasticity, with fewer lamellar bodies in pulmonary granular pneumo- cytes (the storage site for surfactant) and a decrease in volume density of mitochondria in the same cells.3Perhaps comparable changes occur in the human lung after starvation and account for this complication in anorexia nervosa.