tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of the interleukin 5 receptor α isoforms in blood and tissue eosinophils of nasal polyp patients
Authors: P. Gevaert, C. Hellman, L. Lundblad, J. Lundahl, G. Holtappels, P. Van Cauwenberge, J. Tavernier, C. Bachert
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Given the key role of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in eosinophil function, we investigated the regulated expression of the membrane-anchored (TM-IL-5Ralpha) isoform, or a secreted (SOL IL-5Ralpha) isoform, on both protein and transcript level in vitro and in vivo.A real-time PCR, FACS and ELISA were established to determine IL-5Ralpha isoform expression in peripheral blood and nasal tissue from control subjects and nasal polyp (NP) patients with or without asthma. Human peripheral blood eosinophils were incubated with IL-5 and were analyzed for SOL-IL-5Ralpha and TM-IL-5Ralpha mRNA and protein levels in comparison with CD-69 expression.SOL-IL-5Ralpha and TM-IL-5Ralpha mRNA and protein expression was significantly increased in NP vs controls. In polyp tissue, SOL-IL-5Ralpha expression correlated to disease severity and eosinophils counts, whereas TM-IL-5Ralpha levels were inversely correlated to eosinophils counts and SOL-IL-5Ralpha expression. FACS analysis revealed increased CD-69 and decreased TM-IL-5Ralpha expression in NP tissue eosinophils vs blood eosinophils. Incubation of blood eosinophils with IL-5 caused up-regulation of CD-69 and down-regulation of TM-IL-5Ralpha after 2 and 24 h.The expression of SOL-IL-5Ralpha and TM-IL-5Ralpha differs according to the eosinophil activation state and localization in the body (blood vs tissue) and may therefore be involved in the fine-tuning of the eosinophil homeostasis. Exposure of eosinophils to IL-5 reduces their responsiveness to IL-5 by regulated expression of the IL-5Ralpha isoforms. Since, TM-IL-5Ralpha is down-regulated and SOL-IL-5Ralpha (antagonistic) is upregulated in NP tissue, our findings are important to understand the clinical trials with anti-IL-5 in humans.
THE IODINE CONTENT OF THE BLOOD FOLLOWING THYROIDECTOMY
Authors: William A. Hudson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

1. After thyroidectomy in dogs the iodine content of the blood is increased. 2. The administration of fresh thyroid gland of sheep by mouth to thyroidectomized dogs causes the iodine content of the blood to fall so that it returns to the normal preoperative level; when the thyroid feeding is discontinued the iodine content of the blood is again increased.
Reversal in the Seasonal Clustering of Diabetes in Multiplex Families
Authors: Alice Penrose Miller, Stephen S Rich, Jose Barbosa
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

We studied attributes of diabetic sib pairs in 138 insulin-dependent multiplex families. Within multiply affected families, there is a large subset of siblings diagnosed only a year or less apart in whom the usual seasonal variation for diabetes is reversed. Furthermore, we confirm that affected sibs tend to cluster for onset of disease. The clustering, however, is limited to those sibs younger than 20 yr. These diabetic patients cannot be categorized by HLA type, and a common environment may play a major role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes.
Reciprocal role of GATA-1 and vitamin D receptor in human myeloid dendritic cell differentiation
Authors: Florian Göbel, Sabine Taschner, Jennifer Jurkin, Sabine Konradi, Christine Vaculik, Susanne Richter, Doris Kneidinger, Christina Mühlbacher, Christian Bieglmayer, Adelheid Elbe-Bürger, Herbert Strobl
Journal: Blood (2009)
THE ELECTRICAL CHARGE OF BACTERIOPHAGE
Authors: A. P. Krueger, R. C. Ritter, S. P. Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

1. Two types of cataphoresis apparatus for determining, under aseptic conditions, the charge carried by biologically active substances, such as Bacteriophage are described. One cell depends upon the electrophoresis of particles into agar and their subsequent re-suspension in a fluid medium for testing purposes. This cell has certain advantages when employed in connection with agents of small dimensions ordinarily inactivated by prolonged exposure to required test conditions. 2. Several separate races of anti-coli Bacteriophage have been found to bear a negative charge within a range of H-ion concentrations from pH. 9.0 to pH. 3.4. At pH. 3.35 and below, the lytic particles migrate through agar to the cathode. It is likely that the reversal in direction of migration is due to the assumption of a positive charge by the Bacteriophage corpuscle.
Herpes B Virus Encephalomyelitis Presenting as Ophthalmic Zoster
Authors: JOSHUA FIERER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

A nonfatal case of herpes B virus encephalomyelitis is presented. The patient is an eminent virologist whose last direct contact with monkeys was 10 years before he became ill. His illness began with a zoster-like lesion of the trigeminal nerve, which suggests reactivation of a latent infection, since he had had no recent exposure to monkeys. The diagnosis of B virus infection was made by isolation of the virus from a skin scraping; it was confirmed serologically. Treatment with prednisone, gamma globulin, and cytosine arabinoside did not seem to affect his course. His survival was primarily owing to intensive supportive therapy.
Social effects of wheeze in childhood: a 25 year follow up.
Authors: S. Ross, D. Godden, D. McMurray, A. Douglas, D. Oldman, J. Friend, J. Legge, G. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVES--To determine the outcome of childhood wheeze in terms of education, employment, housing, and social class. DESIGN--25 year follow up study. SETTING--Community study based at the department of thoracic medicine, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary. PARTICIPANTS--Three groups of subjects who had been identified in a random community survey in 1964: those who had had asthma in childhood (n = 97), those who had wheezed only in the presence of upper respiratory tract infections (n = 132), and a comparison group who had had no respiratory symptoms as children (n = 131). Subjects were aged 34 to 40 years at the time of the current study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Interview and questionnaire data on education, employment, housing and social class, ventilatory function, and peak flow rate. RESULTS--Pulmonary function testing showed that only the "asthmatic" group had airways obstruction; this group showed greater peak flow variation than the "wheezy" group, which did not differ from the comparison group. The asthmatic subjects were more likely to have experienced respiratory problems during their school years and associated with their work. Despite these problems, educational attainment, employment, housing, and eventual social class were similar for all three groups. CONCLUSION--Childhood wheeze did not adversely affect education, employment, housing, or social class in this population.
Pet birds as a risk factor for lung cancer.
Authors: K. P. Jones, J. H. Edwards, S. P. Reynolds, B. H. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1989)

the relative risks of passive smoking as distinct from total attributable risk.Though total attribut- able risk mav guide overall policy, it is, in our experience, relative risk that is the most useful way of discussing and explaining risks at work.Later Dr Delamothe compares the relative risks of asbestos and passive smoking in just this way.He confuses, however, the relatively high historic risks of working with asbestos with the very low risks of occupying a building containing asbestos in its structure.It is exposure to asbestos from occupying a building, not working with asbestos, that was estimated to be 50-100 times less risky than passive smoking in the review prepared by Doll and Peto for the Health and Safety Commission.'I agree that there is a risk and that action is needed, but the risk needs careful statement and the action must be practicable.
Frequency and Significance of Antibodies to Actin in Type 1 Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: A J Czaja, F Cassani, M Cataleta, P Valentini, F B Bianchi
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Antibodies to actin have been proposed as diagnostic markers for type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Our aims were to determine 1) if testing for antibodies to actin is superior to testing for smooth muscle antibodies (SMA); 2) if these antibodies identify patients with distinctive clinical features; and 3) if the production of antibodies to actin is associated with genetic risk factors for autoimmune hepatitis. Sera from 99 patients with type 1 autoimmune hepatitis were tested. The frequencies of HLA B8, DR3, DR4, and A1-B8-DR3 in patient subsets were compared with those in 80 normal subjects. Seventy-three patients (74%) had antibodies to actin. Antibodies to actin were found more commonly in patients with SMA than in patients without them (86% vs. 7%, P < .0001). Screening only for antibodies to actin and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) failed to establish the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis in 5 patients. Patients with antibodies to actin were younger than seronegative patients. They were also more commonly DR3-positive than normal subjects and more frequently B8-positive than patients with non-actin-associated SMA (49% vs. 0%, P = .004). Only patients with antibodies to actin died of liver failure (6% vs. 0%), and 10 of 11 patients requiring liver transplantation were seropositive for these antibodies. Indeed, death and liver transplantation occurred more frequently in these patients than in actin-negative patients with ANA (19% vs. 0%, P = .03). We conclude that routine screening for antibodies to actin may miss patients with type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Antibodies to actin are associated with HLA B8 and DR3, and they identify patients with a poor prognosis.
Meningitis four years after treatment of macroprolactinoma
Authors: R. Wood, D. D Sandeman, M. L Gawne-Cain, R. I G Holt
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

After treatment of macroprolactinoma, patients are advised to look out for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea. But meningitis can develop without this warning sign.
Assessment of hand bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis by high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT
Authors: A. Fouque-Aubert, S. Boutroy, H. Marotte, N. Vilayphiou, J. Bacchetta, P. Miossec, P. D. Delmas, R. D. Chapurlat
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

<h3>Objectives</h3> A new high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) system allows for in vivo assessment of bone microarchitecture and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) with an 82 µm isotropic resolution. With this device, the microarchitecture impairment was evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in comparison with healthy controls and measured the erosion volume at metacarpal heads (MCPs). <h3>Methods</h3> In this cross-sectional study, the reproducibility was first assessed by 3 HR-pQCT exams with repositioning in 14 patients with late RA and 14 healthy subjects. Then, HR-pQCT parameters were measured in a group of 93 patients with RA and 31 healthy controls. Two RA subgroups were distinguished: early RA (disease duration ≤2 years) (n=36) and late RA (n=57) and compared them to healthy controls. <h3>Results</h3> The precision of the HR-pQCT volumetric measurements as assessed with coefficient of variation ranged from 0.7% to 1.8% in patients with late RA and from 0.6% to 1.4% in healthy subjects at MCPs. Total and trabecular vBMD and trabecular thickness were significantly decreased in patients with RA compared to healthy subjects and were significantly correlated to disease activity. The erosion volume was highly correlated to a semiquantitative assessment using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials (OMERACT) scoring system applied to the HR-pQCT slices. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study demonstrated the good reproducibility of the HR-pQCT volumetric measurements at MCPs and confirmed the involvement of trabecular compartment in periarticular osteopoenia. Thus, HR-pQCT appears interesting to simultaneously assess differences in bone volumetric density, microarchitecture and erosions.
AGED GARLIC EXTRACT WITH SUPPLEMENT SLOWED THE PROGRESSION OF METABOLICALLY ACTIVE EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE, INFLAMMATION AND CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Naser Ahmadi, Vahid Nabavi Larijani, Fereshteh Hajsadeghi, Michael Baskett, Ferdinand Flores, Ramin Ebrahimi, Sotirios Tsimikas, Matthew Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
BH3-only proteins Puma and Bim are rate-limiting for γ-radiation– and glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of lymphoid cells in vivo
Authors: Miriam Erlacher, Ewa M. Michalak, Priscilla N. Kelly, Verena Labi, Harald Niederegger, Leigh Coultas, Jerry M. Adams, Andreas Strasser, Andreas Villunger
Journal: Blood (2005)
High bone mineral density in loaded skeletal regions of former professional football (soccer) players: what is the effect of time after active career?
Authors: K Uzunca, M Birtane, G Durmus-Altun, F Ustun
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Objectives: Physical exercise is an important factor in the acceleration and maintenance of bone mineral density (BMD). Football is an impact loading sport and some studies demonstrate its site specific, bone mass increasing effect. We compared BMD at different skeletal regions in a group of former professional football players and in normal control subjects and evaluated the effect of demographic factors and time after active career on BMD. Methods: Twenty four former football players &lt;70 years old who had retired from professional football at least 10 years previously and 25 non-athletic controls were recruited. The demographic characteristics, activity levels, and dietary habits of all subjects and the chronological history of the footballers’ professional careers were noted. BMD was measured by DEXA at the calcaneus and distal tibia and at the lumbar spine, proximal femur, and distal and proximal radius, and compared between groups. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the probable predictors of BMD in former football players. Results: In former players BMD values were found to be significantly higher at the lumbar spine, femur neck, femur trochanter, distal tibia, and calcaneus, but not at Ward’s triangle (femur) or the distal and proximal radius regions compared with controls. Time after active career was the only independent predictor of BMD at the lumbar spine, proximal femur (neck, trochanter, and Ward’s triangle), and distal tibia. Conclusions: Former footballers had higher BMD at weight loaded sites and time after active career seemed to be an important factor in determining BMD.
Passive stretch of the diaphragm following unilateral phrenic nerve stimulation
Authors: Pleuni E. Hooijman, Coen A.C. Ottenheijm
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

To the Editor: 

Masmoudi et al. [1] reported an exciting pilot study on the beneficial effects of unilateral phrenic nerve stimulation on diaphragm muscle trophicity and structure in mechanically ventilated sheep. They observed that, during 72 h of mechanical ventilation, stimulation sessions of 30 min at 4-h intervals attenuated the development of muscle fibre atrophy in the stimulated hemidiaphragm. Fibres from the unstimulated contralateral hemidiaphragm served as controls.

We postulate that, due to the design of the study, the results of Masmoudi et al . …
Perspectives series: cell adhesion in vascular biology. Smooth muscle migration in atherosclerosis and restenosis.
Authors: S M Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Cell Adhesion in Vascular BiologyLesions of atherosclerosis are only found in the intima, and the smooth muscle cells (SMC) 1 comprising these lesions are clonal.These two simple facts imply that formation of the intima, presumably by migration of cells from the media, is a key event in the early stages of atherosclerosis.There is also a lot of interest (1), although less data, in the possibility that smooth muscle migration and proliferation are critical in later stages of the disease and, particularly, in restenosis after angioplasty.This review will discuss possible critical roles for migration in the origin and progression of atherosclerotic lesions.
Abstract 2127: The role of FOXD3 in resistance to PLX4032/4720-induced cell death in mutant B-RAF melanoma cells
Authors: Kevin J. Basile, Ethan V. Abel, Andrew E. Aplin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Melanoma cells driven by mutant B-RAF are highly resistant to chemotherapeutic treatment. Recent phase I results with PLX4032/RG7204, which selectively inhibits BRAF/MEK/ERK1/2 signaling in mutant B-RAF cells, has given encouragement to this struggling field. Despite initial tumor shrinkage, most responders in the trial experienced tumor relapse over time. Furthermore, 19% of patients failed to show any significant tumor regression. These findings indicate that both intrinsic and acquired resistance will hamper the clinical efficacy of PLX4032. We have previously shown that the stemness factor, FOXD3, is up-regulated following inhibition of mutant B-RAF-MEK signaling in mutant B-RAF melanoma cells. Here, we show that up-regulation of FOXD3 after PLX4032 and PLX4720 (the non-clinical tool compound for PLX4032) treatment confers resistance to cell death. siRNA-mediated knockdown of FOXD3 significantly enhanced the cell death response after PLX4032/4720 treatment in mutant B-RAF melanoma cell lines. Additionally, up-regulation of FOXD3 after PLX4720 treatment was attenuated in non-adherent conditions and correlated with enhanced cell death. Ectopic expression of FOXD3 in non-adherent cells significantly reduced cell death in response to PLX4720 treatment. Together, these data indicate that up-regulation of FOXD3 is an adaptive response to B-RAF inhibitors that promotes a state of drug resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2127. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2127
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Mumps Virus Infection
Authors: MARSHALL B. BLOCK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

A causal relation between infection with mumps virus and pancreatic endocrine and exocrine dysfunction is suggested by the occurrence of severe diabetic ketoacidosis and serum pancreatic amylase elevation in a patient with a significantly elevated mumps antigen titer. Sequential studies of beta cell secretion in the presence of exogenous insulin and insulin antibodies was accomplished by monitoring levels of C-peptide immunoreactivity. Secretion of proinsulin, C-peptide, and, presumably, insulin resumed after the acute episode and was associated with complete recovery of carbohydrate tolerance and cessation of insulin therapy. Serum amylase levels were persistently elevated, and a macroamylase was shown in the serum. However, the amylase released from the macroamylase complex by acidification presented different patterns at various stages of the patient's illness. Pancreatic-type amylase predominated during the acute phase, whereas the distribution of pancreatic-type and salivary-type amylase was essentially normal in samples taken several months later.
Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on 24 hour intragastric acidity in patients with gastritis and duodenal ulcer.
Authors: S Wagner, U Gladziwa, K Haruma, M Varrentrapp, M Gebel
Journal: Gut (1992)

Helicobacter pylori status, gastric histology, and 24 hour acidity were studied in 35 gastritis patients, 21 duodenal ulcer patients, and 14 subjects with normal gastric mucosa. H pylori was identified in 21 of 35 patients with chronic active gastritis and in 19 of 21 duodenal ulcer patients, but in none of those with normal gastric mucosa. Mean scores of activity of gastritis were similar in H pylori positive gastritis and duodenal ulcer patients, but were significantly lower in H pylori negative gastritis patients (2.1 (0.8) and 2.3 (0.9) v 1.4 (0.7); p < 0.01, respectively). Median 24 hour hydrogen ion activity (interquartile range) was 21 (8.9-38.0) mmol/l in normal subjects and 23 (11.2-49.0) mmol/l, 19 (7.1-33.1) mmol/l, 44 (25.1-63.1) mmol/l, and 36 (31.6-39.8) mmol/l respectively in gastritis and duodenal ulcer patients with and without H pylori infection. During all predefined time periods, intragastric acidity was significantly higher in patients with H pylori positive duodenal ulcers compared with gastritis patients and normal subjects. However, there was no significant difference in intragastric acidity between the H pylori positive and negative gastritis patients. These results suggest that most of the subjects with chronic H pylori infection have normal gastric acidity.
Torsion of testis.
Authors: K. Mohay-ud-Din
Journal: BMJ (1969)

support.We have been encouraged by the use of the long posterior flap below-knee amputation in conjunction with a limited myoplasty' in patients with femoral artery occlusion and absent popliteal pulsation.We find most cases are suitable for this pro- cedure rather than the occasional patient.We have performed this procedure on 17 patients and will shortly publish the pre- liminary results.We would make a plea that amputation is not left until the last moment in the man- agement of the patients, as a patient who has been allowed to lie in bed under heavy anal- gesics for his rest pain, or who comes to amputation at the end of a series of unsuc- cessful arterial operations, is less likely to be rehabilitated.To regard amputation as a positive part of the management of a patient with arterial disease rather than a defeat will do much to overcome this tendency.-Weare, etc.,
The Economics of Health
Authors: David W. Wallwork
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The Economics of Health is one of three monographs commissioned by the Ford Foundation and dealing with the economics of health, education, and welfare. It was written to interest and inform medical personnel, hospital administrators, and legislators, but particularly economists. Of the three areas mentioned, health economics is perhaps most neglected by economists despite the fact it currently presents challenging problems in financing, pricing, staffing, and organizing medical services.  The distinctive economic characteristics of the health and medical care industry, the factors influencing these characteristics and their interrelationships, the present problems in the industry, and the difficulties and pitfalls of economic analysis are masterfully presented and without apparent bias. An extensive and diverse bibliography is appended.  For a dabbler or neophyte in medical economics, this monograph provides a sound basic groundwork for further efforts. To a physician, it conveys a reasoned warning that any and all conclusions regarding need, demand,
996 TREATMENT WEEK 12 RESULTS OF WEIGHT-BASED TARIBAVIRIN VERSUS WEIGHT-BASED RIBAVIRIN, BOTH WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2B, IN NAIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS C, GENOTYPE 1 PATIENTS
Authors: F. Poordad, E. Lawitz, E. Chun, J. Hammond
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)