tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the IBD5 locus and potential gene-gene interactions in Crohn's disease
Authors: K Negoro
Journal: Gut (2003)

<b>Background and aims:</b> Genetic variation in the chromosome 5q31 cytokine cluster (<i>IBD5</i> risk haplotype) has been associated with Crohn’s disease (CD) in a Canadian population. We studied the <i>IBD5</i> risk haplotype in both British and Japanese cohorts. Disease associations have also been reported for <i>CARD15/NOD2</i> and <i>TNF</i> variants. Complex interactions between susceptibility loci have been shown in animal models, and we tested for potential gene-gene interactions between the three CD associated loci. <b>Methods:</b> Family based association analyses were performed in 457 British families (252 ulcerative colitis, 282 CD trios) genotyped for the <i>IBD5</i> haplotype, common <i>CARD15</i>, and <i>TNF</i>−857 variants. To test for possible epistatic interactions between variants, transmission disequilibrium test analyses were further stratified by genotype at other loci, and novel log linear analyses were performed using the haplotype relative risk model. Case control association analyses were performed in 178 Japanese CD patients and 156 healthy controls genotyped for the <i>IBD5</i> haplotype. <b>Results:</b> The <i>IBD5</i> haplotype was associated with CD (p=0.007), but not with UC, in the British Caucasian population. The <i>CARD15</i> variants and <i>IBD5</i> haplotype showed additive main effects, and in particular no evidence for epistatic interactions was found. Variants from the <i>IBD5</i> haplotype were extremely rare in the Japanese. <b>Conclusions:</b> The <i>IBD5</i> risk haplotype is associated with British CD. Genetic variants predisposing to CD show heterogeneity and population specific differences.
Abnormal erythrocyte membrane protein pattern in severe megaloblastic anemia.
Authors: S K Ballas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The erythrocyte membrane protein pattern of patients with megaloblastic anemia was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. In severe megaloblastic anemia, secondary either to folic acid or vitamin B12 deficiency, the erythrocyte membrane protein pattern was grossly abnormal, lacking bands 1, 2 (spectrin), and 3 and having several diffuse, faster migrating bands. After adequate vitamin replacement therapy, the erythrocyte membrane protein pattern returned to normal. In mild megaloblastic anemia, secondary either to folic acid of vitamin B12 deficiency, and in severe iron deficiency anemia, the erythrocyte membrane protein pattern was normal. Erythrocyte membrane protein pattern of normal membranes did not change after mixing with abnormal membranes before polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. Protease activity extracted from membranes of megalocytes was not different from normal. These findings indicate that the erythrocyte membrane protein pattern is abnormal in severe megaloblastic anemia and that this abnormality is not secondary to increased activity of the endogenous erythrocyte membrane proteinase.
Low frequency of chronic biological false positive reactors to serological tests for syphilis in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: O P Salo, K Sievers, P Ahvonen, K Aho
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1968)

In the so-called collagen diseases there is con- siderable overlapping of both clinical signs and serological phenomena.Elevated serum globulins, L.E.-cells, rheumatoid factors, and chronic biologi- cal false positive (CBFP) serological reactions for syphilis have been observed both in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).The frequency of RA among CBFP- reactors has been estimated at about 10 per cent.or even less (Wuepper, Bodily, and Tuffanelli, 1966; Putkonen, Jokinen, Lassus, and Mustakallio, 1967; Miller, Brodey, and Hill, 1957).On the other hand, the frequency of CBFP-reactors among patients with RA has been reported to be in the range of 5 to 11 * 6 per cent. (Moore and Mohr, 1952; Waldenstrom and Winblad, 1958; Kievitz, Goslings, Schuit, and Hijmans, 1956).These figures seem high considering the common occurrence of rheuma- toid arthritis (Kellgren, 1966) and the low percentage of positive serological tests for syphilis in unselected
RXR alpha deficiency confers genetic susceptibility for aortic sac, conotruncal, atrioventricular cushion, and ventricular muscle defects in mice.
Authors: P J Gruber, S W Kubalak, T Pexieder, H M Sucov, R M Evans, K R Chien
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Retinoid-dependent pathways play a central role in regulating cardiac morphogenesis. Recently, we characterized gene-targeted RXR alpha -/- embryos, which display an atrial-like ventricular phenotype with the development of heart failure and lethality at embryonic day 14.5. To quantitate the frequency and complexity of cardiac morphogenic defects, we now use microdissection and scanning electron microscopy to examine 107 wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous embryos at embryonic day 13.5, 14.5, and 15.5. RXR alpha -/- embryos display complex defects, including ventricular septal, atrioventricular cushion, and conotruncal ridge defects, with double outlet right ventricle, aorticopulmonary window, and persistent truncus arteriosus. In addition, heterozygous RXR alpha embryos display a predisposition for trabecular and papillary muscle defects, ventricular septal defects, conotruncal ridge defects, atrioventricular cushion defects, and pulmonic stenosis. Lastly, we show that the intermediate anatomic phenotype displayed by heterozygous embryos is mirrored in the molecular marker MLC-2a. The intermediate phenotype of RXR alpha heterozygous embryos documents a gene dosage effect for RXR alpha in maintaining normal cardiac morphogenesis. In addition, some defects in RXR alpha mutant mice are phenocopies of human congenital heart defects, thereby suggesting that a relative deficiency in RXR alpha or molecules downstream in its signaling pathway may represent congenital heart disease-susceptibility genes.
Folk Diseases Among Urban Mexican-Americans
Authors: Cervando Martinez
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Acculturation and assimilation of persons of L Mexican origin in the Southwest has been slowed by various social mechanisms of the larger society which tend to keep these people separate, and by a tendency on their part to separate themselves from the larger community by living in<i>barrios</i>. One result of this sociocultural isolation is the preservation of many folk beliefs of Spanish and Hispanic-American origins. Most important among these from a medical point of view are the prescientific concepts of health and disease and the related practices. Prominent among the disease concepts are<i>mal ojo</i>(evil eye),<i>empacho</i>(surfeit),<i>susto</i>(magical fright),<i>caída de mollera</i>(fallen fontanelle), and<i>mal puesto</i>(hex). Gillin<sup>1</sup>gives a detailed account of<i>susto</i>in Guatemalan natives and draws parallels between folk and scientific (psychiatric) therapeutics. The existence of the first three concepts among Spanish-speaking Americans has been described by Saunders.<sup>2</sup>Clark's work
Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
Authors: Abraham Verghese
Journal: JAMA (1994)

It seems to us that the world is divided into those who read<i>Harrison's</i>and those who don't; it is only fair in beginning this review to acknowledge our allegiance to the former. Just as<i>Arrowsmith</i>and<i>Of Human Bondage</i>have shaped our imaginations, our view of internal medicine, perhaps inevitably, has been shaped by our allegiance to this textbook. As medical students, we read the seventh edition from cover to cover, favorite passages highlighted in yellow until, with time, the whole book seemed to fluoresce. What held us then (and still does) was the central strength of this book: the "Cardinal Manifestations of Disease" section, which now occupies 288 pages or roughly one tenth of the book. And, of course, when melancholy set in, one could find inspiration from these memorable words on page 1: No greater opportunity, responsibility, or obligation is given to an individual than that of
Antioxidant Vitamins and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Daniel Steinberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

This issue of the Journal contains two important reports of large-scale prospective studies, one in men1 and one in women,2 showing that the use of large doses of vitamin E supplements is associated with a significantly decreased risk of coronary heart disease. The study populations were enormous -- almost 40,000 men and more than 80,000 women -- and the participants were followed for four and eight years, respectively. The studies were very carefully conducted: there was more than 95 percent follow-up, independent validation of the dietary questionnaires, and careful documentation of end points. In both studies the benefit of vitamin . . .
Administration Route- and Immune Cell Activation-Dependent Tumor Eradication by IL12 electrotransfer
Authors: Shulin Li, Lijie Zhang, Marina Torrero, Martin Cannon, Robin Barret
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Injection of DNA via electric pulses into targeted tissues is referred to as electrotransfer. Intratumoral electrotransfer of the IL12 gene is more effective than intramuscular electrotransfer of the same gene in the eradication of established tumors. To understand the underlying immunological mechanisms, T cell infiltration, CTL activity, inhibition of angiogenesis, and transgene expression were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, fluorescence-based CTL analysis, Northern blot, and ELISA. In addition, the therapeutic effects of IL12 gene therapy were determined in immunocompetent, immune-cell-depleted, and immunodeficient mice. We found that intratumoral, but not intramuscular, electrotransfer of the IL12 gene induces CD8+ T cell infiltration, CTL activity, and tumor eradication. Tumor eradication by intratumoral IL12 gene electrotransfer requires both NK and T cells. The absence of either cell type will abrogate the intratumoral IL12 gene therapy-induced tumor eradication. Such a requirement explains why tumors cannot be eradicated by intramuscular electrotransfer of the IL12 gene. Only NK-cell-dependent, and not T-cell-dependent, anti-tumor effects are induced by intramuscular administration. Together, these results suggest that NK cells play an important role in both administration routes, mediating tumor growth inhibition, but T cells are specifically activated by intratumoral IL12 gene electrotransfer and not by the intramuscular route.
The Hospitalist Movement
Authors: Darius A. Rastegar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters5 October 1999The Hospitalist MovementDarius A. Rastegar, MDDarius A. Rastegar, MDJohns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center; Baltimore, MD 21224 (Rastegar)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-7-199910050-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Wachter (1) extols the benefits of “specialized care” for many situations, including the care of complex diseases, such as AIDS. As proof, he cites the 1996 study by Kitahata and colleagues (2). However, the study he cites compared generalists who had varying levels of experience; it did not compare specialists with generalists. In fact, the threshold of experience that the “specialists” had in this study was low: only 5 patients with AIDS.As this example illustrates, it is reasonable to argue that increased experience is likely to improve outcomes, but that is not necessarily the same ...References1. Wachter RM. Introduction to the hospitalist model. Ann Intern Med. 1999; 130(4 Pt 2):338-42. Google Scholar2. Kitahata MM, Koepsell TD, Deyo RA, Maxwell CL, Dodge WT, Wagner EH. Physician's experience with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome as a factor in patients' survival. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:701-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center; Baltimore, MD 21224 (Rastegar) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Medical Consultant's Role in Caring for Patients with Hip Fracture R. Sean Morrison , Mark R. Chassin , and Albert L. Siu An Introduction to the Hospitalist Model Robert M. Wachter Foreword Robert M. Wachter The Impact of Hospitalists on Medical Education and the Academic Health System Lee Goldman Metrics 5 October 1999Volume 131, Issue 7Page: 544KeywordsAIDSHospitalists Issue Published: 5 October 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier?
Authors: Donald R. Davis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Letters19 February 2013Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier?Donald R. Davis, PhDDonald R. Davis, PhDFrom Houston, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-4-201302190-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read Smith-Spangler and colleagues' review (1) with great interest. Their laudable goal was to give “information that people can use to make their own decisions based on their level of concern about pesticides, their budget, and other considerations” (2). Unfortunately, the authors' reporting went badly awry about the “risks” (incidences) of pesticide residues and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Their Discussion section greatly understates the findings, stating that “conventional produce has a 30% higher risk for pesticide contamination than organic produce” (1). A Stanford School of Medicine online article (2) includes a similar understatement, and one or the other ...References1. Smith-Spangler C, Brandeau ML, Hunter GE, Bavinger JC, Pearson M, Eschbach PJ, et al. Are organic foods safer or healthier than conventional alternatives? A systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157:348-366. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Brandt M. Little evidence of health benefits from organic foods, Stanford study finds. Stanford School of Medicine. 3 September 2012. Accessed at http://med.stanford.edu/ism/2012/september/organic.html on 14 September 2012. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Houston, Texas.Disclosures: Consultancy: The Organic Center and Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources, Washington State University; Other: Dr. Davis is a retired research scientist from the University of Texas. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAre Organic Foods Safer or Healthier Than Conventional Alternatives? Crystal Smith-Spangler , Margaret L. Brandeau , Grace E. Hunter , J. Clay Bavinger , Maren Pearson , Paul J. Eschbach , Vandana Sundaram , Hau Liu , Patricia Schirmer , Christopher Stave , Ingram Olkin , and Dena M. Bravata Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier? Crystal Smith-Spangler , Margaret L. Brandeau , Ingram Olkin , and Dena M. Bravata Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier? Kirsten Brandt Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier? Preston K. Andrews Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier? Sari Lisa Davison Are Organic Foods Safer or Healthier? Charles Benbrook Metrics 19 February 2013Volume 158, Issue 4Page: 297KeywordsAntibioticsBacteriaDecision makingFoodMeatRisk managementScientists ePublished: 19 February 2013 Issue Published: 19 February 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Urination in the Dorsal Position.
Authors: John L. Atlee
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Lancaster, Pa., Jan. 3, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The inability to void urine lying down is common to many people even in health. By practice this may be overcome; rather easily when the half reclining position may be assumed, and the ability to urinate in the dorsal position gradually acquired. The patient usually has the joy of learning the technic of dorsal urination with added zest from postoperative pain and ether nausea. I have found it of distinct advantage to have all patients who will have to void in the dorsal position practice this often before the position is necessitated, when time permits. In obstetric cases I order the morning urination on the douche pan during the last month of pregnancy until the knack is thoroughly acquired. In operative cases advantage is taken of every opportunity during preparatory treatment. I have had no patient who learned to void before operation
The demise of nursing in the UK
Authors: N. Dixon
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

In their article (JRSM 2007;100:70-74)1 and subsequent reply (JRSM 2007;100:209-210)2 to the ensuing letters of protest, Shields and Watson emphasise their belief that nurses should be educated.

I expect linguists, historians, and philosophers to be educated. However, I expect pilots, nurses, and doctors to be trained. The latter are skills. It matters not a jot to me whether or not a pilot is highly educated: I just want one that is highly competent and skilled.

About Health Care Assistants, Shields and Watson state ‘While these workers may be able to, for example, make the bed of, and feed, a stroke patient, they cannot assess skin condition, or the effects of facial paralysis while they are so doing, nor assess the effects of the person's illness on the family. A RN does all these, and plans care from this information.’

I spend a lot of time with my patients, and glean a lot more information than these academically-oriented colleagues seem to appreciate. I can't help feeling that some academics should listen more and lecture less.
The Pharmacoepidemiology Newsletter
Authors: DAVID E. LILIENFELD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1985The Pharmacoepidemiology NewsletterDAVID E. LILIENFELD, M.D., M.S.Engin., STANLEY A. EDLAVITCH, Ph.D.DAVID E. LILIENFELD, M.D., M.S.Engin.Search for more papers by this author, STANLEY A. EDLAVITCH, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-2-302_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We are pleased to announce the publication of the initial issue ofThe Pharmacoepidemiology Newsletter, a quarterly providing international news and information on the epidemiologic perspective of pharmaceuticals and their effects, as well as on other forms of iatrogenic disease. The newsletter is presently free and is actively soliciting both subscriptions and submissions, which may be sent to the editors at the following address: University of Minnesota, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Stadium Gate 27, 611 Beacon Street, S. E.; Minneapolis, MN 55455.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1985Volume 103, Issue 2Page: 302-302KeywordsEpidemiologyPharmacoepidemiologyPrevention, policy, and public health Issue Published: 1 August 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
GW25-e4344 The early status of warfarin management in patients with atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation
Authors: Tang Lihong, Xue Yu-Mei, Wu Shu-Lin, Deng Hai, Huang Jun, Zhan Xian-Zhang, Fang Xian-Hong, Liao Hong-Tao, Wei Wei, Liu Yang, Liao Zi-Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Comorbidity of Type 1 Diabetes and Anorexia Nervosa in a 6-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Adriana Franzese, Giuliana Valerio, Pietro Buono, Enza Mozzillo, Anotonella Gritti, Maria Antonietta Lucariello
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

A high prevalence of eating disorders has been described in female adolescents with type 1 diabetes as being almost twice as high as that found in their nondiabetic peers (1–3). Weight gain caused by insulin therapy, dietary restraint, and food preoccupation may predispose diabetic girls to develop a clinical or subclinical eating disorder (4–6); intentional insulin omission is the most common symptom underlying an eating disorder (7). The coexistence of these conditions could lead to poor metabolic control and increase the risk of microvascular complications (8).

Very few reports have been published on eating disorders in childhood (9,10), and in only one report this condition was also described in diabetic children, starting from the age of 8 years (4). We describe the successful treatment of a 6-year-old girl with comorbid type 1 diabetes and anorexia nervosa. This case underlines that children with diabetes, as well as adolescents, may be prone to …
Eczema and Cows' Milk
Authors: J. T. Ingram, G. Holti
Journal: BMJ (1963)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Malnutrition is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged under five years, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is considered the most serious form of malnutrition, moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) affects greater numbers globally and, unlike SAM, guidelines lack a robust evidence-base. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the evidence for lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS), fortified-blended-flours (FBF) and nutrition counselling, in the treatment of MAM. <h3>Methods</h3> Five databases were systematically searched for studies conducted in LMICs that compared the effectiveness of food-based products versus any comparator group in promoting recovery from MAM in children aged 6-59 months. Where appropriate, pooled estimates of effect were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. <h3>Results</h3> A total of thirteen trials were identified for inclusion. All used active controls rather than ‘standard care’, which is often minimal in most settings. There was evidence of increased probability of recovery (as assessed by gaining normal weight-for-height and/or MUAC) among children treated with LNS compared to children treated with FBF (RR 1·05, 95%CI 1·01-1·09, p=0·009). Treatment with an LNS was also associated with a lower risk of persistent MAM at the end of treatment compared with a FBF (RR 0·82, 95%CI 0·71-0·95, p=0·007). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Based on a relatively small number of studies mainly from Africa, LNS are superior to FBF in improving anthropometric recovery from MAM. The true benefit of MAM treatment may be underestimated due to all studies using active controls rather than usual care which is minimal. More high-quality evidence is needed to evaluate nutrition education/counselling alone as a MAM intervention. Studies should also assess a wider range of outcomes including body composition, morbidity and development – not weight-gain alone.
THE TREATMENT OF LICHEN PLANUS BY EXPOSURE OF THE SPINE TO LARGE DOSES OF X-RAYS
Authors: F. F. HELLIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1943)

Journal Article THE TREATMENT OF LICHEN PLANUS BY EXPOSURE OF THE SPINE TO LARGE DOSES OF X‐RAYS Get access F. F. HELLIER, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P. F. F. HELLIER, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 55, Issue 1, 1 January 1943, Pages 11–16, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1943.tb10707.x Published: 01 January 1943