tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Disorders and Coronary Heart Disease in Women – A Still Neglected Topic: Review of the Literature from 1971 to 2000
Authors: Bettina Bankier, Andrew B. Littman
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2002)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in women aged over 40 years in the United States, for whom it conveys a worse prognosis than for men. Recently, psychosocial factors have been understood to represent significant risk factors for developing CHD, as well as having a worse outcome with established CHD. However, these factors are often overlooked, in particular comorbid psychiatric disorders and psychiatric symptoms. To summarize the current knowledge in this interdisciplinary field, the authors conducted a review of CHD in women, taking into account psychosocial aspects, in particular psychiatric disorders. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Medline searches using the keywords ‘psychiatric disorder’ and ‘coronary heart disease’ and ‘women’, and ‘psychiatric disorder’ and ‘cardiac disease’ and ‘women’, were performed, covering the time span from the beginning of the Medline database until January 1, 2001. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Quoted items included depression, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, mitral valve prolapse, chest pain, anorexia nervosa, menopause, alcohol abuse, cocaine use, sleep disorder, sexual dysfunction, hostility and type A behavior, as well as other psychosocial aspects. There is accumulating evidence of significant associations between psychosocial factors, in particular psychiatric disorders and psychiatric symptoms, and the development and recurrence of CHD in women. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; However, in summary, the topic still seems to be neglected. Future research into psychiatric disorders and psychiatric symptoms and CHD in women is strongly required, and the focus on women exclusively is underlined.
675. Enhanced Survival of Chondrocytes over Expressing Insulin like Growth Factor I in Equine Cartilage Repair
Authors: Laurie R. Goodrich, Chisa Hidaka, Mary L. Strassheim, Paul D. Robbins, Chris H. Evans, Alan J. Nixon
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
Recent studies have shown that insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) plays a powerful role in cell survival and prevention of programmed cell death. When recombinant IGF-I is combined with chondrocyte transplants, local upregulation of matrix production occurs in experimentally induced full-thickness cartilage defects resulting in morphological improvement of cartilage at the site of cartilage injury. This study was designed to test whether genetic modification of chondrocytes to over express IGF-I could enhance cartilage repair by improving chondrocyte survival.

Sixteen horses arthroscopically had a 15 mm cartilage defect made in both femoropatellar joints. The defects were repaired with AdIGF-I transduced chondrocytes in one limb and na|[iuml]|ve chondrocytes in the opposite limb. Four horses were necropsied at 4 and 9 weeks and 8 horses at 8 months postoperative. Ten 10 mg of DNA was harvested from the repair tissue and Taqman|[trade]| quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assess the number of copies of the Y-chromosome marker SRY. A standard curve for the SRY was constructed using genomic DNA from male chondrocytes. A conversion factor of 6.6pg of DNA per diploid cell was used to calculate percentage of cell survival. A paired t test was used to compare cell survival between IGF-I-treated and control groups at each time point. Significance was set at P|[le]|0.05.

Average percentage of SRY-positive (male, donor) cells present in the defects at 4 weeks, 9 weeks and 8 months was 4.8%, 0%, and 0.9% respectively (Figure 1). At 4 weeks there was a significantly greater cell survival after repair with AdIGF-I-modified cells when compared with control (P|[le]|0.05). At 8 months there was a trend towards greater cell survival in defects repaired with IGF-I expressing chondrocytes (P=.06).

Chondrocyte survival in this study was positively influenced by genetic modification with AdIGF-I. While the range of percentage donor cells surviving (0-8%) is low, it is consistent with other studies quantifying perichondrial cell or chondrocyte survival in articular cartilage defects. Previously we have reported an average 4% survival of chondrocytes at 8 months following repair using this equine model and this PCR technique. While in that study, no differences were detected between BMP7-treated and control chondrocytes, the current study clearly shows a correlation between IGF-I treatment and cell survival, especially at the early time point.
Psychosomatic obstetrics, gynecology and endocrinology, including diseases of metabolism.
Authors: John Huffman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The 66 papers which comprise this volume were presented in a symposium sponsored by the Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine. They were written by 75 authors, of whom 27 are obstetrician-gynecologists, 22 are psychiatrists, 11 are internists, and 15 are in other medical or allied fields. The collection serves the worthwhile purpose of presenting the ideas of a large group of earnestly dedicated workers who are sincerely trying to focus the attention of the medical public on the importance of emotional conflicts in the etiology of obstetrical, gynecological, and endocrine disorders. Their material and the lucid way most of it is presented cannot but help them toward their objective. The editor states that the purpose of the book is to orient the gynecologist of tomorrow to a comprehensive approach. It is to be hoped that tomorrow's gynecologist will, as Menninger says, "be as well grounded in the anatomy, physiology and pathology
The Prevalence of Cutaneous Manifestations in IDDM Patients and Their Association With Diabetes Risk Factors and Microvascular Complications
Authors: Gil Yosipovitch, Emmilia Hodak, Pnina Vardi, Ilana Shraga, Moshe Karp, Eliott Sprecher, Michael David
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequency of skin manifestations, including the diabetic hand syndrome, in young IDDM patients. In addition, we studied the relation of the cutaneous manifestations to diabetes duration, glycemic control, and microvascular complications.The frequency of skin manifestations, including the diabetic hand syndrome, were examined in 238 IDDM patients (disease duration > 5 years) and 122 healthy control subjects in a cross-sectional study. In addition, we studied the relation of the cutaneous manifestations with diabetes duration, glycemic control, BMI, microvascular complications, and stratum corneum hydration using a stepwise logistic regression.Diabetic skin manifestations were detected in 168 of 238 (71%) IDDM patients and in 18 of 122 (14%) of the control subjects. Ichthyosiform skin changes of the shins, scleroderma-like skin changes, tinea pedis, and dry scaly palms were detected in 48 vs. 7%, 39 vs. 0%, 32 vs. 7%, and 21 vs. 0.8% of the patients and control subjects, respectively. In the diabetic patients, a significant association was found between ichthyosis of the shins and scleroderma-like skin changes of the hand (P < 0.001) and between scleroderma-like skin changes and the skin dryness of the palms (P < 0.0001). When diabetic risk factors were considered, diabetes duration was significantly associated with scleroderma-like skin changes and ichthyosis of the shins (P < 0.0001). The latter was also found to be related to diabetic retinopathy (P < 0.0001). Keratosis pilaris was present in 21% of the patients versus 9% in control subjects and was found to be exclusively associated with high BMI.Acquired ichthyosis is a common finding and the most prevalent skin manifestation in young IDDM patients. The development of several skin manifestations in insulin-dependent patients seems to be related to duration of diabetes and to development of diabetic microvascular complications.
P734 A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC HCV INFECTION
Authors: J.S. Doyle, D. Hunt, E.J. Aspinall, S.J. Hutchinson, D.J. Goldberg, T. Nguyen, Y. Falck-Ytter, R.L. Morgan, B. Smith, M. Stoove, S. Lutchers, A.J. Thompson, S.Z. Wiktor, M.E. Hellard
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Emerging Infections 5
Authors: Harrison G. Weed
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Medical Writings: Book Notes5 February 2002Emerging Infections 5Harrison G. Weed, MDHarrison G. Weed, MDDivision of General Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OhioSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-3-200202050-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Scheld WM, Craig WA, Hughes JM, eds. 242 pages. Washington DC: ASM Pr; 2001. $79.95. ISBN 1555812163. Order phone 800-546-2416.Field of medicine: Infectious diseases, microbiology, and public health.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Infectious diseases physicians, medical microbiologists, hospital epidemiologists, public health officials, and policymakers. Specific chapters are likely to have broader appeal. For example, the chapter on waterborne diseases and hemodialysis may interest nephrologists; the chapter on enterovirus 71 may interest pediatricians and neurologists; the chapter on Mycoplasma pneumoniae is likely to interest most internists; and the chapters on West Nile virus, bioterrorism, and plague and anthrax are likely ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of General Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 February 2002Volume 136, Issue 3Page: 260KeywordsAnthraxClinical epidemiologyEnterovirusInfectious disease epidemiologyInfectious diseasesPlaguePrevention, policy, and public healthQ feverUlcersWest Nile virus ePublished: 5 February 2002 Issue Published: 5 February 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Purified primitive human hematopoietic progenitor cells with long-term in vitro repopulating capacity adhere selectively to irradiated bone marrow stroma.
Authors: C Verfaillie, K Blakolmer, P McGlave
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

We enriched bone marrow cells from 10 normal individuals for primitive hematopoietic progenitors using a two-step technique, and examined resultant primitive progenitors for their in vitro long-term repopulating capacity and their ability to adhere to irradiated stroma. Immunomagnetic depletion of mature myeloid and lymphoid progenitors resulted in a lineage-negative (Lin-) cell population. Subsequent dual-color fluorescence activated sorting of cells with low forward and vertical light scatter properties, expressing CD34 antigen (34+) and either bearing (DR+) or lacking (DR-) the HLA-DR antigen, resulted in the selection of Lin-34+ DR+ and Lin-34+ DR- cell populations. When the Lin-34+ DR+ cell fraction was cultured in a short-term methylcellulose assay, we demonstrated a 61-fold enrichment for colony forming cells (CFC) compared with undepleted bone marrow mononuclear cells. In contrast to the Lin-34+ DR+ cells, direct culture of Lin-34+ DR- cells in short-term methylcellulose generated significantly less CFC (p less than or equal to 0.001). We then compared the capacity of Lin-34+ DR+ and Lin-34+ DR- cells to generate sustained hematopoiesis when plated in long-term bone marrow culture (LTBMC). When LTBMC were initiated with plated Lin-34+ DR+ cells, we recovered high numbers of CFC during the first week, but observed a rapid decline in the number of harvested CFC over the following weeks. No CFC could be recovered after week 7. In contrast, LTBMC initiated with plated Lin-34+ DR- cells yielded significantly greater numbers of CFC than LTBMC initiated with plated Lin-34+ DR+ cells (p less than or equal to 0.001), and this was sustained for at least 12 wk of culture. The Lin-34+ DR+ population was only 6.6-fold enriched for primitive progenitors capable of initiating and sustaining hematopoiesis in LTBMC when compared with undepleted bone marrow mononuclear cells, while the Lin-34+ DR- population was 424-fold enriched for such primitive progenitors (p less than or equal to 0.001). Finally, we examined the capacity of both Lin-34+ DR+ and Lin-34+ DR- populations to adhere to irradiated allogeneic stroma. We used a previously described "panning method" in which cells are plated onto stroma for 2 h, the nonadherent cells removed by extensive washing, and the adherent fraction maintained under conditions favoring LTBMC growth. When stroma was panned with Lin -34+ DR+ cells, 79 +/- 10% of the cells were recovered in the panning effluent. In contrast, when stroma was panned with Lin -34 + DR- cells, significantly fewer (37 +/- 7%) (p less than or equal to 0.001) cells were recovered in the panning effluent. Unlike LTBMC initiated with plated Lin -34 + DR+ cells, virtually no CFC were recovered from LTBMC initiated with panned Lin -34 + DR+ cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Ambition Fuels Human Genome Research
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

IN ITS BRIEF life span, the Human Genome Project has established a track record that many commercial industries might envy. After 4 years, the ambitious international effort to map the estimated 100 000 genes in the human body is ahead of schedule and under budget. "We now have a very good human genetic map," says Francis Collins, MD, PhD, director of the National Center for Human Genome Research (NCHGR), Bethesda, Md. The project isn't scheduled for completion until 2005. But Collins says one interim goal has been surpassed. A genetic linkage map with an average spacing of 2 to 5 centimorgans between user-friendly, highly polymorphic markers wasn't expected until the end of 1995. Not only have scientists constructing the map beat the deadline, Collins says the quality of their product is better than expected. "It's fivefold better in the density of the markers." Genetic linkage maps show the relative positions
Expression of a metalloproteinase that degrades native type V collagen and denatured collagens by cultured human alveolar macrophages.
Authors: M S Hibbs, J R Hoidal, A H Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Human pulmonary alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from both normal controls and smokers secreted in vitro a neutral proteinase that degraded denatured collagens. Optimal expression of the proteinase was detected after 3-5 d of culture. The proteinase could not be detected in the media of cultures that had been treated with 0.5 micrograms/ml of cycloheximide. The gelatinase had an Mr of 90,000 and was immunologically cross-reactive with human neutrophil gelatinase. When newly synthesized 35S-methionine-labeled proteins were analyzed, the proteinase appeared to be a major secretion product of alveolar macrophages. Chromatography on gelatin-Sepharose gave a single peak of activity that was predominantly composed of the 90,000-mol-wt proteinase. The proteolytic activity in the gelatin-Sepharose-purified material was inhibited by EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline, but not by N-ethylmaleimide or phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, indicating that the proteinase was a metalloproteinase. The partially purified material was also capable of degrading native type V collagen and this degradation was inhibited in the presence of an antibody to neutrophil gelatinase. The data suggest that human alveolar macrophages in culture elaborate a metalloproteinase that degrades both native type V collagen and denatured collagens.
GPs face escalating litigation
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Negligence claims against general practitioners have gone up 13-fold between 1989 and 1998, according to figures released last week by the Medical Protection Society, which represents 45%of the United Kingdom's general practitioners.

In 1989, only 38 claims were launched against GP members of the MPS, compared with 500 in 1998.

Compensation awards and settlements also rose …
Unusually Low Incidence of Death From Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Clarke Stout, Jerry Morrow, Edward N. Brandt, Stewart Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1964)

An unusually low death rate from myocardial infarction, less than half that of the surrounding communities, was observed in the Italian-American community of Roseto, Pa, during the seven-year period from 1955 to 1961. The low death rate, observed in both sexes, was particularly striking among the males. There were no deaths of either sex under the age of 47 recorded from myocardial infarction during the study. Whether the relative freedom of Rosetans from death from myocardial infarction is related to their way of life or to genetic or ethnic factors remains to be determined. It would seem, however, that in this community, obesity and a generous consumption of calories, fat, and wine were actually associated with a strikingly low death rate from myocardial infarction.
Two dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and gated SPECT MIBI in evaluation of LVEF: a comparison with gated SPECT TI-201 chloride
Authors: H.H. Abu-Judeh, A. Qureshi, S. Atay, R. Braff, M. Infantino, T.H. Elmquist, H.M. Abdel-Dayem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Effect of Penicillin on Urinary 17-Ketogenic and 17-Ketosteroid Excretion
Authors: Bruce F. Bower, Robert McComb, Mark Ruderman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE excretion of urinary 17-hydroxycorticoids and 17-ketosteroids is widely employed in the diagnosis of adrenal and other endocrine disorders.1 Although several methods are available for the 17-hydroxycorticoid determination, the Norymberski 17-ketogenic method2 has gained wide acceptance because of its relative ease and the wide number of known C-21 metabolites of hydrocortisone that are measured by this technic. Urinary 17-ketosteroids are generally determined by the Zimmerman reaction as modified by Biskind.3 It is important to identify agents that may interfere with these determinations. Treatment for adrenal overactivity may be instituted in patients with suggestive histories, on the basis of apparent confirmatory . . .
Origin of Estrogen in Women Pregnant with an Anencephalic Fetus*
Authors: Paul C. MacDonald, Pentti K. Siiteri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

compounds: testosterone, 1758-hydroxy-androst-4-en-3one; androstenedione, androst-4-en-3,17-dione; dehydroisoandrosterone, 3f8-hydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one; dehy- droisoandrosterone sulfate, 17-oxo-androst-5-en-3#-ylsulfate; 16a-hydroxydehydroisoandrosterone, 3,8,16a-dihydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one; estrone, 3-hydroxy-estra-1, 3,5
Cardioprotective effects of ischaemic preconditioning are not mediated by prostanoids
Authors: Y. Li, R. A Kloner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Some reports have suggested that the mechanism of ischaemic "preconditioning" is mediated through prostacyclins. In this study the hypothesis that the cardioprotective effect of preconditioning is due to the synthesis and release of prostaglandin/prostacyclin was tested by assessing whether aspirin, an inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase, could block or prevent the protective effect of preconditioning.In protocol I, three groups of rats were studied. (1) CONTROL: rats received 90 min of coronary occlusion followed by 4.5 h of reperfusion (n = 8). (2) Preconditioning: hearts were preconditioned by three repeated episodes of 3 min of coronary occlusion and 5 min of reperfusion, and then subjected to 90 min of occlusion followed by 4 h of reperfusion (n = 9). (3) Aspirin + preconditioning: aspirin (10 mg.kg-1) was given 10 min prior to the preconditioning. Rats then underwent preconditioning and occlusion/reperfusion as in group 2 (n = 8). In protocol II, two groups were studied. (1) CONTROL: rats received 90 min of occlusion and 4.5 h of reperfusion (n = 6). (2) Aspirin + single occlusion: aspirin (10 mg.kg-1) was given 10 min prior to the 90 min occlusion, and then rats underwent occlusion/reperfusion as in controls (n = 6). Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 235-500 g were used. Planimetry was used to measure area at risk (AR) following blue dye injection and area of necrosis (AN) after tetrazolium staining.Protocol I: all three groups had comparable AR. AN/AR was reduced significantly (p less than 0.05) in both the preconditioning group [29.6(SEM 7.6)%] and the aspirin + preconditioning group [29.6(8.7)%] compared with the control group [59.3(3.4)%]. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia and/or fibrillation was also reduced in both the preconditioning and the aspirin + preconditioning groups. Protocol II: the area at risk, area of necrosis, and the indicence of ventricular arrhythmia were not significantly different between aspirin + 90 min occlusion and control groups.Preconditioning both with and without aspirin significantly reduced infarct size and the incidence of ventricular tachycardia and/or fibrillation. As the effects of preconditioning were not prevented by aspirin, this suggests that the cardioprotective effects of preconditioning are not mediated by prostanoids in the rat model.
Is health care getting safer?
Authors: C. Vincent, P. Aylin, B. D. Franklin, A. Holmes, S. Iskander, A. Jacklin, K. Moorthy
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Humans devote much time to the exchange of memories within the context of shared general and personal semantic knowledge. Our hypothesis was that functional imaging in normal subjects would demonstrate the convergence of speech comprehension and production on high-order heteromodal and amodal cortical areas implicated in declarative memory functions. Activity independent of speech phase (that is, comprehension and production) was most evident in the left and right lateral anterior temporal cortex. Significant activity was also observed in the posterior cortex, ventral to the angular gyri. The left and right hippocampus and adjacent inferior temporal cortex were active during speech comprehension, compatible with mnemonic encoding of narrative information, but activity was significantly less during the overt memory retrieval associated with speech production. Therefore, although clinical studies suggest that hippocampal function is necessary for the retrieval as well as the encoding of memories, the former appears to depend on much less net synaptic activity. In contrast, the retrosplenial/posterior cingulate cortex and the parahippocampal area, which are closely associated anatomically with the hippocampus, were equally active during both speech comprehension and production. The results demonstrate why a severe and persistent inability both to understand and produce meaningful speech in the absence of an impairment to process linguistic forms is usually only observed after bilateral, and particularly anterior, destruction of the temporal lobes, and emphasize the importance of retrosplenial/posterior cingulate cortex, an area known to be affected early in the course of Alzheimer9s disease, in the processing of memories during communication.
A leukaemic acute lymphoblastic leukaemia presenting with cutaneous lesions
Authors: T. COCHRANE, J. A. MILNE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

A middle aged female patient presented at a skin clinic with a localized subcutaneous tumour of the chest wall. The skin over this showed purpura. Biopsy of this lesion showed it to be a malignant lymphoid neoplasm of lymphoblastoma type. Aberrant lymphoid cells were noted in the cutaneous blood vessels but examination of the peripheral blood at that time showed no evidence of leukaemia. Three months elapsed before a fall in haemoglobin and platelets was recorded and sternal marrow examination confirmed the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.