tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Margaret Winifred Anderson
Authors: Margaret K Bancewicz
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Former obstetrician and gynaecologist Kathmandu, Nepal (b Glasgow 1904; q Glasgow 1929), d 26 March 2005.​2005.




Figure 1




Win Anderson went to India in 1932 to work with the Zenana and Bible and Medical Mission. In those days Indian women could not be seen by male doctors and there was a need for female doctors to bring medical care to women. Win worked in Patna as an obstetrician and gynaecologist, and was there throughout the second world war. In the mid-1950s she went to work in Kathmandu with the United Mission to Nepal. This non-denominational group helped to develop educational, technical, agricultural, and medical services. Win helped with medical relief in Bangladesh for two or three years after the devastating cyclone and civil war in 1970-1. She worked in Pakistan on two occasions in the late 1970s. She never married.
Are national qualifying examinations a fair way to rank medical students? No
Authors: I. S G Noble
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Chris Ricketts</b> and <b>Julian Archer</b> (doi: 10.1136/bmj.a1282) argue that a national test is the only fair way to compare medical students, but <b>Ian Noble</b> believes that it will reduce the quality of education
Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin versus Basiliximab in Renal Transplantation
Authors: Daniel C. Brennan, John A. Daller, Kathleen D. Lake, Diane Cibrik, Domingo Del Castillo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Induction therapy reduces the frequency of acute rejection and delayed graft function after transplantation. A rabbit antithymocyte polyclonal antibody or basiliximab, an interleukin-2 receptor monoclonal antibody, is most commonly used for induction.In this prospective, randomized, international study, we compared short courses of antithymocyte globulin and basiliximab in patients at high risk for acute rejection or delayed graft function who received a renal transplant from a deceased donor. Patients taking cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone were randomly assigned to receive either rabbit antithymocyte globulin (1.5 mg per kilogram of body weight daily, 141 patients) during transplantation (day 0) and on days 1 through 4 or basiliximab (20 mg, 137 patients) on days 0 and 4. The primary end point was a composite of acute rejection, delayed graft function, graft loss, and death.At 12 months, the incidence of the composite end point was similar in the two groups (P=0.34). The antithymocyte globulin group, as compared with the basiliximab group, had lower incidences of acute rejection (15.6% vs. 25.5%, P=0.02) and of acute rejection that required treatment with antibody (1.4% vs. 8.0%, P=0.005). The antithymocyte globulin group and the basiliximab group had similar incidences of graft loss (9.2% and 10.2%, respectively), delayed graft function (40.4% and 44.5%), and death (4.3% and 4.4%). Though the incidences of all adverse events, serious adverse events, and cancers were also similar between the two groups, patients receiving antithymocyte globulin had a greater incidence of infection (85.8% vs. 75.2%, P=0.03) but a lower incidence of cytomegalovirus disease (7.8% vs. 17.5%, P=0.02).Among patients at high risk for acute rejection or delayed graft function who received a renal transplant from a deceased donor, induction therapy consisting of a 5-day course of antithymocyte globulin, as compared with basiliximab, reduced the incidence and severity of acute rejection but not the incidence of delayed graft function. Patient and graft survival were similar in the two groups. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00235300 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Transport of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide to the Golgi Apparatus
Authors: Nathalie Thieblemont, Samuel D. Wright
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to cells in the form of LPS-soluble (s)CD14 complexes induces strong cellular responses. During this process, LPS is delivered from sCD14 to the plasma membrane, and the cell-associated LPS is then rapidly transported to an intracellular site. This transport appears to be important for certain cellular responses to LPS, as drugs that block transport also inhibit signaling and cells from LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice fail to exhibit this transport. To identify the intracellular destination of fluorescently labeled LPS after its delivery from sCD14 into cells, we have made simultaneous observations of different organelles using fluorescent vital dyes or probes. Endosomes, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus were labeled using Texas red (TR)-dextran, LysoTrackertrade mark Red DND-99, DiOC6(3), and boron dipyrromethane (BODIPY)-ceramide, respectively. After 30 min, LPS did not colocalize with endosomes, lysosomes, or endoplasmic reticulum in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, although some LPS-positive vesicles overlapped with the endosomal marker, fluorescent dextran. On the other hand, LPS did appear to colocalize with two markers of the Golgi apparatus, BODIPY-ceramide and TRITC (tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate)-labeled cholera toxin B subunit. We further confirmed the localization of LPS in the Golgi apparatus using an epithelial cell line, HeLa, which responds to LPS-sCD14 complexes in a CD14-dependent fashion: BODIPY-LPS was internalized and colocalized with fluorescently labeled Golgi apparatus probes in live HeLa cells. Morphological disruption of the Golgi apparatus in brefeldin A-treated HeLa cells caused intracellular redistribution of fluorescent LPS. These results are consistent with the Golgi apparatus being the primary delivery site of monomeric LPS.
Intrabronchial metastases from renal carcinoma with recurrent tumour expectoration.
Authors: A G Jariwalla, A Seaton, R J McCormack, A Gibbs, I A Campbell, B H Davies
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Three patients are described who presented to their doctors with a history of coughing up pieces of tissue. These took the form of large bronchial casts and consisted of intrabronchial deposits of clear cell carcinoma. In one patient the pulmonary symptoms preceded the finding of a primary renal carcinoma by four years. The other two patients had undergone nephrectomy for renal carcinoma 13 and four years previously. Expectoration of intrabronchial tumour should alert the physician to the possibility of metastasis from clear cell carcinoma of the kidney.
Metastasis to Midbrain from Mammary Carcinoma
Authors: George C. Stevenson
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ABRUPT ONSET of bilateral ptosis in an elderly patient is usually the result of vascular disease in the brain stem. As far as we can determine, the case to be described is the first published report of such symptoms as initial evidence of metastasis from breast carcinoma. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 66-year-old woman was admitted to Franklin Hospital on Jan 1, 1962, for evaluation of diplopia and bilateral ptosis of abrupt onset some 4 weeks earlier (Fig 1). Two years previously the patient had had a radical mastectomy because of breast carcinoma. Metastases to several axillary lymph nodes were treated postoperatively with deep radiation therapy. There was no further evidence of metastasis. An erratic self-determined schedule of 2 to 3 grains of desiccated thyroid per day was stopped by the patient 3 weeks before the onset of eye symptoms. No members of the patient's family had ptosis. <h3>Examination.</h3> This
The Drenched Doctor
Authors: Daniel R. Kaul, Mark B. Orringer, Sanjay Saint, Stephen R. Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A 55-year-old male physician was seen in August because of a 1-week history of fever and night sweats. The sweats required at least one nightly change of his pajamas and pillowcase. The patient also noted a worsening cough, which had previously been ascribed to esophageal reflux. There was no sputum production, photophobia, rash, arthralgia, dysuria, or change in bowel function.
Osmotic Diuretic Treatment of Refractory Edema
Authors: LIONEL M. BERNSTEIN, BERNARD BLUMBERG, MURRAY C. ARKIN
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Many patients with edema of congestive cardiac failure, nephrosis, and cirrhosis become refractory to all diuretic therapy. Theoretically, the use in adequate dosage of osmotic diuretics whose action is dependent upon physical factors should augment sodium, chloride, and water excretion from whatever level exists prior to their use. In refractory edema, the effect of other diuretics (via alteration of the metabolic, actively resorbing mechanisms of the tubular cells) on tubular rejection of sodium, chloride, and water should be increased by osmotic diuretics. Mannitol was administered intravenously in large doses to test the effectiveness of osmotic diuretics in refractory edema.
Abstract 5073: SIAH2 antagonizes the growth-inhibitory activity of the TGFβ signaling pathway and enhances the growth-promoting activity of the RAS signaling pathway during the genesis and progression of human cancer
Authors: Yang Liao, Maryanne Edens, Edward B. Leof, Amy H. Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A better understanding of the antagonistic interaction and cross-talk between the pivotal oncogenic and tumor suppressor signaling pathways, and the concerted cancer signaling networks that control tumorigenesis and metastasis should give rise to novel therapeutic interventions. Hyperactivated ERBB/RAS is known to drive neoplastic transformation, tumorigenesis and metastasis in a large percentage of human cancers, and thus finding novel measures to countervail activated EGFR/HER2/RAS signals to reverse tumorigenesis and metastasis remains an important goal in cancer biology. Instead of targeting an upstream signaling component, we targeted the most downstream signaling module in the ERBB/RAS pathway, the SIAH-dependent proteolytic machinery. SIAHs are evolutionarily conserved RING E3 ligases that are the critical downstream “gatekeeper” signaling modules in the RAS signal transduction pathway. We show that human SIAH E3 ligase is upregulated in proliferating tumor cells in human tumor specimens, and that proper SIAH function is required for RAS signal transduction. By inhibiting SIAH2 E3 ligase, we have blocked both tumorigenesis and metastasis in eleven of the most aggressive human cancer cell lines known in athymic nude mice. Our observations highlight the important roles that SIAH2 plays in RAS-dependent tumorigenesis and metastasis in human cancer. In this study, we aim to identify the molecular mechanism underlying SIAH2 deficiency-mediated growth inhibition in human cancer cells. We have found that SMAD2/3/4 - the essential downstream mediators of TGFβ signaling, are novel SIAH2 substrates in that SIAH2 physically interacts with, ubiquitinates and degrades SMAD2/3/4 (not SMAD1). The identification of SIAH2-mediated SMAD2/3/4 modulation may provide an additional molecular mechanism to explain the well documented, but less understood RAS-TGFβ antagonism described in normal development, tumorigenesis and metastasis. We propose that the tumor promoting activity of SIAH2 may be mediated through the degradation of SMAD2/3/4 proteins which enhancing the growth-promoting activity of the RAS pathway while suppressing the growth inhibitory action of the TGFβ pathway. Since the substrate specificity of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is primarily determined by the E3 ligase, our results provide new insights into the role of altered proteolysis in mediating the RAS-TGFβ antagonism and cross-talk observed in the genesis and progression of human cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5073.
Natural history of childhood asthma Other studies have been ignored
Authors: M S Ostergaard, M R Sears
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - In his editorial Malcolm R Sears concludes that two thirds of children with asthma will outgrow it (especially those with mild asthma).1 This statement is primarily based on the work of Mark A Jenkins and colleagues,2 but it does not reflect several other solid research findings that show that asthma persists into adulthood in half of the children who have it.*RF 3–5*

The study of Jenkins and colleagues is presented as a prospective study based on the 1968 Tasmanian asthma survey. In this survey Tasmanian parents were retrospectively asked whether their children, then at school, had ever suffered from asthma or wheezy bronchitis. Jenkins and colleagues did a follow up study 23 years later (again partly retrospectively) in which a random sample of the original population was asked whether they suffered or had previously suffered from asthma. The questionnaire seemingly did not define the term asthma.

Jenkins and colleagues concluded (a) that “in most cases, childhood …
A Case of Bilateral Herpes Zoster of the Fifth Pair
Authors: C. E. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1895)

at the end of six weeks a plaster-of-paris jacket was applied, and the boy allowed to move about by the aid of crutches.I showed the case before the Hull Medical Society on November 16th, 1894, and then he was quite recovered, and able to walk about without the help of crutches or any aid whatever, and indeed a few days ago I saw him running and flying a kite.
Myocardial collagen turnover after surgical ventricular restoration in heart failure patients
Authors: Ellen A. ten Brinke, Tomasz G. Witkowski, Victoria Delgado, Patrick Klein, Margreet Klok, Nina A. Marsan, Robert J. Klautz, Ernst E. van der Wall, Jeroen J. Bax, Arnoud van der Laarse, Paul Steendijk
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Hospital Cost Inflation under State Rate-Setting Programs
Authors: Brian Biles, Carl J. Schramm, J. Graham Atkinson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Abstract Evaluations of the early phases of state efforts to control hospital costs led to discouraging conclusions about the effectiveness of such programs. To determine whether cost regulation has improved since then, we compared the experience of the six states that have comprehensive, legally mandated hospital rate-setting programs with that of the states without such programs during the period from 1970 to 1978. During the last three years of this period, the average annual rate of increase in hospital costs in rate-setting states has been 11.2 per cent, as compared with an average annual rate of increase of 14.3 per cent in states without such programs (P<0.05). We conclude that much of the initial pessimism regarding the effectiveness of hospital rate-setting programs, based on studies that covered earlier reporting periods, may be unwarranted. (N Engl J Med. 1980; 303:664–8.)
Vascular remodeling in the growth hormone transgenic mouse.
Authors: R J Dilley, S M Schwartz
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Using mice transgenic for the growth hormone gene (TGHM), we have studied the effects of a systemic elevation of growth hormone on vascular growth with the aim of investigating the role of vascular mass changes in producing hypertension. In contrast to human acromegaly or gigantism, there was no elevation of blood pressure in TGHM, but there were significant increases in vascular wall mass. In accordance with a presumably increased perfusion of larger organs, the medial cross-sectional areas of thoracic aorta and mesenteric resistance vessels were greater in the TGHM. These differences could be normalized in the aorta by body weight and in the mesenteric vessel by small intestine weight. Furthermore, the brain was not significantly heavier in the TGHM, and their carotid and cerebral vessels also were not larger. Wall-to-lumen ratios were similar in the aorta, carotid, and middle cerebral arteries suggesting that wall stress was the controlling factor in wall thickness. Surprisingly, the mesenteric vessels had increased wall-to-lumen ratio, which was similar to that seen in hypertensive vascular remodeling but in a normotensive animal. In an attempt to explain this finding it was noted that the pattern of mesenteric vascular networks and even organized structure within the vessel wall itself appeared to be fixed, perhaps by genetic mechanisms. Thus, vascular network structure may be a potentially limiting factor in the ability of the vessel wall to remodel and may have been responsible for the greater wall-to-lumen ratio in TGHM mesenteric vessels. A similar situation in human acromegaly or gigantism could result in a circulation marginally able to correct for other demands on blood flow resulting in about one third of cases being hypertensive.
Exercise Testing in CAD
Authors: MICHAEL H. KELEMEN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

tion of the coronal cross-section should have been rotated counter-clockwise as pointed out by Dr. Gramiak, although we think his figure shows somewhat exaggerated rotation.However, we do state clearly in our manuscript that the tricuspid valve is anterior to the interventricular septum and that the latter structure is continuous with the anterior aortic margin.In addition, and as also stated in our report, it should be emphasized that the tricuspid valve is positioned inferiorly and medial to the aortic valve.Because figure 3 is a coronal cross-section, the fact that the four cardiac valves are at different superior- inferior levels cannot be appreciated from any diagram.We do not agree that an error exists in the diagrammatic portion of figure 1.We included a portion of a longitudinal section of the sternum in the illustration for clarity since the sternum is a usual anatomic landmark.Moreover, it should be pointed out that the sternum is minimally calcified in infants.While the parasternal position is employed commonly for left ventricular structure imaging the transducer position shown in our illustration does not preclude recording aortic valve or mitral valve images in infants and is preferred for viewing right ventricular structures.
Multiple System Atrophy and Repeat Expansions in<i>C9orf72</i>—Reply
Authors: Jill S. Goldman, Sheng-Han Kuo
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Effect of treatment with botulinum toxin on neurogenic blepharospasm.
Authors: J S Elston, R W Russell
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Botulinum toxin type A creates temporary localised flaccid paralysis after injection into skelet-l muscle.Thirty four patients with blepharospasm, of whom 28 also had the oromandibular dystonia syndrome, were treated with injections of botulinum toxin type A into the orbicularis oculi, and 28 showed functional improvement after the treatment.A high incidence of local side effects occurred, especially partial ptosis, which was well tolera- ted.There were no systemic side effects.The average period of relief was 2-5 months, increasing to 2-8 months after a second injection.Functional improvement was limited in patients with severe associated dystonia.
None so blind
Authors: F Morgan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

modifiers.A previous study, using a similar design with patients who had back pain, seemed to indicate that preferences did not increase or dilute quality of life treatment effects. 15 ConclusionIn this non-inferiority trial, we failed to show clearly that the brief intervention for patients with neck pain was as effective as usual physiotherapy.The 95% confidence interval for the difference in improvement contains the value of 1.2, which indicates some evidence of inferiority of the brief intervention compared with usual physiotherapy.However, as the confidence interval is not entirely above this threshold, some may argue that there is a role for the brief intervention for all patients.It seems that the brief intervention should in any case be available for those who prefer it.
Herpes-Like DNA Sequences in a Body-Cavity–Based Lymphoma in an HIV-Negative Patient
Authors: Roland G. Nador, Ethel Cesarman, Daniel M. Knowles, Jonathan W. Said
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

To the Editor: In the May 4 issue,1 we reported the presence of Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus-like (KSHV) DNA sequences in primary lymphomatous effusions occurring in the pleural, pericardial, and abdominal cavity, usually in the absence of an identifiable tumor mass, in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These body-cavity–based lymphomas appear to represent a distinct subgroup of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas because of their unusual clinical, immunophenotypic, and molecular genetic characteristics. We have now identified KSHV in a lymphomatous pleural effusion in an 85-year-old HIV-negative white man, whose medical history was notable only for congestive heart failure, coronary artery . . .
THE VACUOLATING VIRUS OF MONKEYS
Authors: G.-D. Hsiung, W. H. Gaylord
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

A vacuolating virus isolated from uninoculated patas monkey kidney cultures was found to be serologically identical with SV(40), a virus previously found in association with rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. Detection of the patas virus was facilitated when patas cells were exposed to x-ray treatment. Rhesus monkey and human cells were relatively insusceptible to the virus, although it persisted in these cells for a long period of time. Distinct intranuclear inclusions were detected in infected patas cultures 2 to 3 days before cytoplasmic vacuoles were noticeable. Cultures previously infected with PA-57 virus did not affect yields of poliovirus, and doubly infected cells were easily distinguished in stained preparations.