tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Opiate Analgesia
Authors: Allan I. Basbaum, Jon D. Levine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

It is generally accepted that systemically administered opiates produce analgesia through an action in the central nervous system. Indeed, mu, delta, and appa opiate receptors and receptor-selective opioid peptides, although widely distributed in the central nervous system, are concentrated in several sites that have been implicated in the regulation of nociceptive messages. The analgesia produced by the microinjection of opioids at these sites is hypothesized to result from activation of a descending antinociceptive pathway, which originates in the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter and inhibits the transmission of nociceptive messages at the level of the spinal cord.1 Injection of opiates at . . .
Sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease after donor leucocyte infusion
Authors: None Jones‐Caballero, None FernÁndez‐Herrera, None CÓrdoba‐Guijarro, None DaudÉN‐Tello, None GarcÍA‐DÍez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease after donor leucocyte infusion Get access M. Jones‐Caballero, M. Jones‐Caballero Ambulatorio Hermanos Sangro, Area 1 de Salud de Madrid, Spain MaríaJones‐Caballero E‐mail: derma/princesa@hup.es http://www.hup.es/ecl/der/derma.htm Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. FernÁndez‐Herrera, J. FernÁndez‐Herrera Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. CÓrdoba‐Guijarro, S. CÓrdoba‐Guijarro Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. DaudÉN‐Tello, E. DaudÉN‐Tello Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. GarcÍA‐DÍez A. GarcÍA‐DÍez Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 139, Issue 5, 1 November 1998, Pages 889–892, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02520.x Published: 01 November 1998
TOPICAL TREATMENT OF DIPHTHERIA AND CHEMICAL SOLUTION OF THE MEMBRANE.—SUBSULPHATE OF IRON AND SALICYLIC ACID.
Authors: A. W. NELSON
Journal: JAMA (1890)

The<i>New York Medicalfournal</i>, January, 1874, published "Forty Cases of Diphtheria Treated by Local Application of Sulphate of Iron." The present writer in that paper says: "About 1865 I became confident that some local treatment would best cure the disease, and often wondered what chemical re-agent would destroy and counteract the source of fever, the putrid mucus, pseudomembrane, continuously exuding, and at the same time not cauterize and irritate the still living, although infiltrated, membrane of the throat..... Creosote suggested itself to be considered (this was just before the carbolic acid discovery or invention), but it was not tested. Another agent, the subsulphate of iron, Monsel's styptic, in some now forgotten way was brought to notice. My first application to the throat in diphtheria determined with me its efficiency, etc. . . . "You will sometimes induce a little vomiting at first, an effect not injurious—on the contrary, possibly beneficial
Test for Albumin.
Authors: Guy L. Noyes
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Traverse City, Mich., July 28, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —On page 1094 of ourJournalof May 30, 1896, I find a test for the detection of albumin in urine. The reagent suggested contains sodium hypochlorite, a compound known only in solution, and one that I believe can not be obtained for use as indicated in the formula. If you know of any way of preparing the reagent, will you be kind enough to tell me how it is done? Yours very truly,
Exogenous Progestogen and Estrogen Implicated in Birth Defects
Authors: James J. Nora
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A five-year study of possible teratogenicity of exogenous female sex hormones included three case-control studies and one cohort study. The first case-control study disclosed an estimated relative risk of 8.41 and a highly significant difference in maternal hormonal exposure (P less than .001) between controls and infants with three major anomalies of the VACTERL group (V, vertebral; A, anal; C, cardiac; T, tracheal; E, esophageal; R, renal; and L,limb). Relative risk (RR) estimates of 5.58 (P = .017) and 3.35 (P less than .001) were found in two case-control studies involving maternal hormonal exposure and patients with congenital heart lesions without other malformations. A controlled, single-blind prospective study disclosed an excess of patients with major malformations (RR = 2.75), congenital heart anomalies (RR = 6), and neurological and neural tube disorders preponderant in the presence of a precipitously declining exposure rate during a three-year period in our referral area.
Non-Neoplastic Intracranial Lesions
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This joint effort from the departments of radiology, neurosurgery, neurology, and neuropathology of the Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center continues the transcription of conferences covering diseases of the nervous system. Earlier volumes of this series dealt with scalp, skull, meninges, and glial tumors of the brain. In this volume there is a wealth of information concerning congenital anomalies, trauma, infections, vascular malformations and occlusive disease, degenerative diseases, pseudotumor, etc. Radioisotopic and ultrasonic investigations are not included.  In great part, the material is presented as brief case histories, followed by radiologic studies, clinical impressions, and operative or autopsy studies. A few (37 in all) references to pertinent articles are included. The greatest bulk of the book consists of radiograms. These seem not to be as well done as in the previous volumes, and often the details of sellar changes, calcifications, split sutures, etc, are better seen in the air or angiographic
The importance of elastic fibres in skin lymphatics
Authors: P.S. MORTIMER, G.W. CHERRY, R.L. JONES, R.L. BARNHILL, T.J. RYAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Elastic fibres lie in intimate contact with dermal lymphatics. Demonstration of elastic by an orcein stain enables lymphatics to be identified and differentiated from blood capillaries. The finding of elastic suggests it plays an important role in the normal functioning of lymphatics.
IMPACT OF GLYCEMIC CONTROL ON THE LEFT VENTRICLE DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION AMONG PATIENTS WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION: DOES TYPE OF MEDICAL THERAPY PLAY A ROLE?
Authors: Roozbeh Sharif, Adnan Khan, Sangeeta Mutnuri, Joseph Stafford, Gyanendra K. Acharya, Anjali Kohli, Mohamed Morsy, Yong-Fang Kuo, Wissam Khalife
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Area Differences in Spontaneous Abortion Rates in South Wales and Their Relation to Neural Tube Defect Incidence
Authors: C. J. Roberts, S. Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Data are presented from the South Wales Congenital Malformation Survey (92,982 births 1964-6 inclusive) showing that within areas in South Wales there exists an inverse relation between previous spontaneous abortion rate and the prevalence at birth of neural tube defect (anencephaly or spina bifida cystica or both). This relation is independent of social class, parity, and maternal age, and is not likely to be explained by area differences in accuracy of reporting previous spontaneous abortions. On the basis of these findings a hypothesis is advanced which proposes that the incidence of neural tube defects is uniform throughout South Wales and that the present substantial and relatively stable differences in area prevalence are controlled by small area differences in mortality of malformed embryos. This would seem to suggest that factors initiating the malformation are genetic and that any related environmental factors exert their effect on already abnormal fetuses by influencing, in one way or another, their capacity to survive.
NO Association Between an Allele at the D2 Dopamine Receptor Gene (DRD2) and Alcoholism
Authors: Joel Gelernter
Journal: JAMA (1991)

--We attempted to replicate a positive allelic association between the A1 allele of DRD2 (the D2 dopamine receptor locus) and alcoholism that has been reported.--We compared allele frequencies at the previously described Taq I restriction fragment length polymorphism system of DRD2 in alcoholics and random population controls.--The alcoholic subjects were 44 unrelated white individuals, diagnosed by direct structured interview to have alcohol dependence (by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition, criteria). The subjects in our random population control group (N = 68) were also white.--For the control group, allele frequencies at DRD2 were 0.20 (A1) and 0.80 (A2). For the alcoholic group overall, allele frequencies were 0.23 (A1) and 0.77 (A2). There were no significant differences in allele frequencies at the DRD2 locus between alcoholics and controls. The allele frequencies in both groups agreed closely with those observed in most previously described control populations. Subtyping the alcoholic group according to presence or absence of family history of alcoholism, presence or absence of antisocial personality disorder, age of onset, presence or absence of physical withdrawal symptoms, or recent alcohol consumption (as a measure of severity) did not in any case reveal significant differences in allele frequencies.--We were not able to replicate the results previously reported. We conclude that our data do not support an allelic association between the A1 allele at DRD2 and alcoholism.
The association between the Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (MIPI) and survival in patients treated with rituximab-HCVAD (RHCVAD) alternating with rituximab-methotrexate-AraC (R-MTX-AraC).
Authors: A. R. Mato, T. Zielonka, T. Feldman, P. Bhattacharyya, C. Bejot, N. George, S. Stives, S. Goldberg, A. Pecora, A. Goy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

8092 Background: TheMIPI was developed to risk stratify MCL pts for OS based on 455 pts for whom 33% received a rituximab-containing regimen, 18% underwent ASCT and none were treated with HCVAD. MIPI scores are based on age, LDH, WBC and ECOG PS and stratify pts into 3 groups. Validation of the MIPI has been reported with other series though with conflicting results especially regarding HCVAD, the rationale for this analysis. Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify predictors of survival in pts treated with first-line RHCVAD. The primary endpoints were OS and PFS assessed by chart review. To identify risk factors for OS and PFS, we analyzed MIPI score, age, ECOG PS, WBC, LDH, blastoid variant, and β2microglobulin using Cox regression and KM analysis. Results: 53 pts (median age 58, range 35-74) with advanced stage MCL were treated with RHCVAD alternating with R-MTX-AraC q21 days (median 6 cycles). Median baseline characteristics included: WBC 8.4, PS 1, LDH/uln .82, Ki-67 30%. Median OS and PFS are not yet reached (median follow-up 8 mo, range 1-95). MIPI classified 47, 29 and 24% of pts as low, int and high risk. In KM analysis, MIPI did not identify three distinct categories with respect to OS and PFS (p=0.11, p=0.42, LR test). MIPI model characteristics are displayed in the Table. In univariate analyses, blastoid variant (HR 9.4, CI 1.2-53.1, p=0.03) was the only significant OS predictor. Age (HR 1.1, p .18), ECOG PS (HR 1.7, p .63), WBC (HR 1.0, p .78), LDH (HR 1.8, p .39), β2microglobulin (HR 1.7, p=0.06) were not predictive of OS. Blastoid variant (HR 8.8, p=0.05) and β2microglobulin (HR 1.9, p=0.01) were independent PFS predictors. Conclusions: This analysis supports a previous observation that MIPI does not risk stratify RHCVAD treated pts for survival. We are collaborating with another center to verify our results. Future work will focus on identifying molecular markers for failure in MCL pts treated with dose-intensive regimens. MIPI PFS HR OS HR MIPI ROC area OS MIPI ROC area PFS Low risk 1.0 1.0 64% 95%CI 42-87% 54% 95%CI 33-76% Intermediate risk 1.2, p=0.8 1.9, p=0.7 High risk 2.5, p=0.2 8.1, p=0.08 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Spontaneous suppressor cell activity in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and associated conditions*1
Authors: H.P. Katner, R.D. deShazo, G.A. Pankey, W.A. Andes, C.B. Daul, L. Cortez, J. Dalovisio, B. Bozelka
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1987)
Carcinoma of bronchus presenting with Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Authors: B I Hoffbrand
Journal: BMJ (1978)

animals revealed renal changes similar to those already described for other acute infective diseases.4Human subjects and higher mammals vary more in their response to bacterial toxins than smaller experimental animals.Hence gross renal changes do not always occur in acute infections or severe endotoxaemia, although albuminuria with a few red cells is surely not uncommon.
Novel over-the-scope-clip system for gastrotomy closure in natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES): an ex vivo comparison study
Authors: R. Voermans, M. van Berge Henegouwen, W. Bemelman, P. Fockens
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Background and study aims: Secure transluminal closure remains a fundamental barrier to clinical introduction of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). Current NOTES closure modalities either do not provide secure closure or are too challenging to apply in vivo. The aims of this study were to evaluate gastric closure using the over-the-scope clip (OTSC) system in a previously described experimental setup, comparing the acute strength with a gold standard (hand surgical suturing).
HEMATURIA AND APPENDICITIS
Authors: Thomas W. Tormey
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Many cases of stone in the ureter have been mistaken for acute appendicitis, and appendectomy has been performed; but it is rather rare for appendicitis to be mistaken for stone in the ureter. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.</h3> —C., a farmer, aged 52, was seized with a severe pain in the right upper abdomen, Dec. 23, 1922, which persisted for one hour and was relieved by hot applications. The following day, he had another attack of pain on the right side, radiating to the scrotum and the head of the penis. He took castor oil, and felt relieved. He noticed that blood was present in the urine. During the night, he had another attack of pain, which was so severe that he called a physician, who gave him a hypodermic of morphin and atropin. It was necessary to give three-quarters grain of morphin in order to relieve the pain. He was
Contraceptives and cervical carcinoma.
Authors: J E Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1969)

thing ?), for which you condemn prophylactic antibiotics.Our experience of 22 cases of gas gangrene suggests that this condition was unexpected and arose from a variety of orthopaedic operations-only four had had amputations.We find it difficult to understand how you can avoid the mention of hyperbaric oxygen in the management of this dreadful condition.An earlier leading article' was followed shortly after- wards by a letter' in which it was quoted that a multi-centre investigation of 200 cases treated by hyperbaric oxygen revealed a mortality rate of 2-9%, excluding those moribund on admis- sion and dying within 24 hours.'We reported 16 cases with one death and have now had 21 cases with one death.4This contrasts with 31 fatal cases out of 85 in Dr. Parker's investigation.Although the manner of collection of these various groups may have differed, the vast improvement of the prognosis in those treated with hyperbaric oxygen is too clear to be avoided, but the earlier treatment is commenced the better the outlook.Unfortunately there is delay, partly because the condition is not antici- pated and may be confused with other forms of postoperative pyrexia, etc., and also because knowledge may not exist as to the availability of the nearest hyperbaric unit.Any surgeon would do well to know where the nearest unit is situated.Dr. Parker found that infection in most cases arises by autocontamination (from organisms arising from the anus of the patient) and not from outside sources, par- ticularly in the theatre, where it is known that clostridial organisms are ubiquitous.This should give confidence to those sur- geons who are worried about taking a patient with established gas gangrene into the theatre for operative procedures.Dr. Parker men- tions that if this were done together with a theatre failure in sterilization disaster might follow, and he quotes four cases in which gas gangrene did develop.We know of an occa- sion which, if not the same, is very similar, and these four patients developed the undoubted signs of gas gangrene.All com- men d hyperbaric oxygen early and all had nq wounds healed by first intention ; two of these cases had metal prostheses which did not have to be removed and which subsea quently functioned adequately.-Weare, etc.,
Effects of coumestrol on estrogen receptor function and uterine growth in ovariectomized rats.
Authors: B M Markaverich, B Webb, C L Densmore, R R Gregory
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Isoflavonoids and related compounds such as coumestrol have classically been categorized as phytoestrogens because these environmentally derived substances bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and increase uterine wet weight in immature rats and mice. Assessment of the binding affinities of isoflavonoids for ER and subsequent effects on uterine growth suggest these compounds are less active estrogens than estradiol and therefore may reduce the risk of developing breast or prostate cancer in humans by preventing estradiol binding to ER. With the renewed interest in the relationships between environmental estrogens and cancer cause and prevention, we assessed the effects of the phytoestrogen coumestrol on uterotropic response in the immature, ovariectomized rat. Our studies demonstrated that in this animal model, coumestrol is an atypical estrogen that does not stimulate uterine cellular hyperplasia. Although acute (subcutaneous injection) or chronic (multiple injection or orally via drinking water) administration of coumestrol significantly increased uterine wet and dry weights, the phytoestrogen failed to increase uterine DNA content. The lack of true estrogenic activity was characterized by the inability of this phytoestrogen to cause cytosolic ER depletion, nuclear ER accumulation, or the stimulation of nuclear type II sites which characteristically precede estrogenic stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis and proliferation. In fact, subcutaneous or oral coumestrol treatment caused an atypical threefold induction of cytosolic ER without corresponding cytosolic depletion and nuclear accumulation of this receptor, and this increased the sensitivity of the uterus to subsequent stimulation by estradiol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Letter: Glucagon therapy in acute pancreatitis.
Authors: C W Imrie, L H Blumgart
Journal: BMJ (1974)

24 November, p. 488) concerning immunological investigations in relapsing polychondritis.We should, how- ever, like to correct one misquotation con- cerning the findings reported by Hughes et al.,' who, by means of a standard indirect immunofluorescent technique using fetal car- tilage as a substrate, detected positive diffuse fluorescence throughout the cartilage matrix with sera from only two of 12 (not from all 12) patients with rheumatoid arthritis.We have examined sera from a further 104 patients with probable, definite, or classical rheumatoid arthritis as defined by the Am- erican Rheumatism Association2 and detected cartilage matrix fluorescence in 10 (9.6%).Positive results have been found in only one of 102 normal blood donors and in two of 149 patients with a variety of diseases.Of eight patients with relapsing polychondritis tested, three had positive matrix fluorescence and one other showed a weakly positive re- action.3-Weare, etc.,
Use of Gamma Globulin-Reply
Authors: George A. Chalfant
Journal: JAMA (1962)

To the Editor:—  In reply to a question that concerned the prevention of measles, and was answered by John H. Dingle, M.D. ( JAMA  176 :971 [June 17] 1961), I would like to call Doctor Dingle's attention to the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics, as stated in their 1961 Report of the Committee on the Control of Infectious Diseases.  On page 22, under the title of Measles, the following is reported: Measles should be prevented by a large dose of immune serum globulin (gamma globulin) in all infants under 2 or 3 years of age, in chronically ill children, in healthy children whose siblings are ill with other diseases (tuberculosis, pertussis, and rheumatic fever in particular), or when the disease appears in an institution or hospital ward. The dose is 0.25 ml. per kilogram intramuscularly, and should be given as soon as possible after exposure. Gamma globulin should be
Head and Neck Injuries in Football: Mechanisms, Treatment, and Prevention
Authors: Allan J. Ryan
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Every physician who has any responsibility for the care of football players should read and own this book. Dr. Schneider and eight other contributors—including two other neurosurgeons, two experts in electroencephalography, a neurologist, an anatomist, an orthopedist, and a psychiatrist—have summarized the results of many years of intensive interest, clinical experience, and research on head and neck injuries in football. It would make excellent, and not too difficult, reading for football coaches, trainers, and players as well. Serious injuries to the brain and spinal cord are virtually the sole causes of fatality in American football today. The public is not generally aware of the many other injuries that cause serious, permanent disability; the victims survive these injuries but are never able to function normally and effectively again. The message of this book is that the practical application of present-day knowledge could prevent virtually all of these deaths and disabilities. By
Development of an Integrated Filing System for Endoscopic Images
Authors: M. A. Fujino, M. Ikeda, Y. Yamamoto, T. Kinose, H. Tachikawa, A. Morozumi, S. Sano, Y. Kojima, T. Nakamura, T. Kawai, A. Iijima, T. Sato, H. Otsuka, M. Otaka, H. Suzuki
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

A new integrated filing system for endoscopic images has been developed, comprising a main image filing system and subsystems located at different stations. A hybrid filing system made up of both digital and analog filing devices was introduced to construct this system that combines the merits of the two filing methods. Each subsystem provided with a video processor, is equipped with a digital filing device, and routine images were recorded in the analog image filing device of the main system. The use of a multi-input adapter enabled simultaneous input of analog images from up to 8 video processors. Recorded magneto-optical disks make it possible to recall the digital images at any station in the hospital; the disks are copied without image degradation and also utilised for image processing. This system promises reliable storage and integrated, efficient management of endoscopic information. It also costs less to install than the so-called PACS (picture archiving and communication system), which connects all the stations of the hospital using optical fiber cables.