tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Compulsory admission of dangerous psychopaths.
Authors: J. W. Coid, C. Cordess
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Compulsory admission of dangerous psychopathsPsychiatrists are damned ifthey do and damned ifthey don't Few psychiatrists outside the special hospitals readily takeRecent research has shown that many such patients are responsibility for compulsorily detained psychopaths.About exceptionally prone to recurrent episodes of serious mental a quarter of the patients in special hospitals are detained under disorder over their lifetime.'0These treatable conditions will the legal category psychopathic disorder,' but the proportion inevitably place a high demand on psychiatric services even if drops to a mere 0.24% among patients compulsorily admitted the underlying abnormality ultimately remains unresponsive.to ordinary NHS facilities in England and Wales.2Indeed, the But inpatient treatment ofpsychopaths is notoriously difficult very diagnosis of psychopathy or personality disorder is and can be physically and emotionally hazardous to the staff sometimes given by psychiatrists as a reason to reject mentally concerned.An ability to split staff teams" and induce abnormal offenders for admission to their wards from the profound countertransference reactions'2 is well known.For courts.3 those who attempt to manage the most difficult and dangerous Unsurprisingly, therefore, few psychiatrists now have the cases the price may be too high.In Scotland the murders skills adequately to diagnose, manage, and treat patients with committed by two psychopaths who had escaped from State severe personality disorders.Furthermore, virtually no large Hospital, Carstairs,'3 led to a total collapse of staff morale and
Occupational asthma induced by the fungicide tetrachloroisophthalonitrile.
Authors: I Honda, H Kohrogi, M Ando, S Araki, T Ueno, M Futatsuka, A Ueda
Journal: Thorax (1992)

A 48 year old male farmer had recurrent episodes of dyspnoea, shortness of breath, and wheezing after being in his plastic greenhouse when the fungicide tetrachloroisophthalonitrile had been sprayed. A bronchial provocation test with a control challenge and a patch skin test confirmed that his asthma was induced by tetrachloroisophthalonitrile.
Hematologic neoplasia and the central nervous system
Authors: Ronald L. Sham, Pradyumna D. Phatak, Peter A. Kouides, Jo Ann S. Janas, Victor J. Marder
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement with malignant cells is a well recognized complication of hematologic neoplasms. A number of disorders such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and high grade lymphoma frequently involve the CNS and prophylactic therapy is advised. Disorders such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma are less likely to be associated with CNS involvement. This series describes three cases of CNS involvement by malignant hematologic disease: myelomatous meningitis, CNS chloromas complicating AML, and primary lymphomatous meningitis.
Do No Harm
Authors: ALBERT R. JONSEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

This essay considers at length some ethical, philosophical implications of the medical maxim, "Do no harm" (or "Primum non nocere"). It helps to designate the practice of medicine as a moral enterprise. It implies that the physician will render due care, but that "due care" will take into account both the risk-benefit ratio and the benefit-detriment equation. The essay closes with a brief discussion of euthanasia considered in the light of the maxim.
Is Friday the 13th bad for your health?
Authors: T J Scanlon, R N Luben, F L Scanlon, N Singleton
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To examine the relation between health, behaviour, and superstition surrounding Friday 13th in the United Kingdom.Retrospective study of paired data comparing driving and shopping patterns and accidents.Drivers, shoppers, and residents.South West Thames region.Numbers of vehicles on motorways; numbers of shoppers in supermarkets; and hospital admissions due to accidents.There were consistently and significantly fewer vehicles on the southern section of the M25 on Friday the 13th compared with Friday the 6th. The numbers of shoppers were not significantly different on the two days. Admissions due to transport accidents were significantly increased on Friday 13th (total 65 v 45; p < 0.05).Friday 13th is unlucky for some. The risk of hospital admission as a result of a transport accident may be increased by as much as 52%. Staying at home is recommended.
Composition of Foods Commonly Used in Diets for Persons with Diabetes
Authors: James W Anderson, Wen-Ju Lin, Kyleen Ward
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

Information on the carbohydrate, protein, fat, kilocalorie, and plant fiber content of 152 common foods has been collated. These data are based on information currently available and will need to be modified and updated as more information emerges. These data are presented in six tables that follow the format of the commonly used Exchange Lists for Meal Planning for patients with diabetes mellitus.
DIAGNOSIS OF SYPHILIS FROM PRIMARY LESION
Authors: Melville Silverberg
Journal: JAMA (1922)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —There is a simpler and, I believe, no less efficient method of securing material from a syphilitic lesion for microscopic examination than that described by Dr. William D. Gill inThe Journal, September 16, and that of Dr. J. B. H. Waring, described September 30. This method, which I have used and found satisfactory, is merely to use a test tube of appropriate size as a dry cup. The lesion is washed with water, and the surrounding skin left moist to secure adhesion. The dry tube, firmly held at its open end, is thoroughly heated and so applied immediately that its rim is in contact with the skin around the edges of the lesion. When the lesion is on the penis, the patient assists by drawing the skin taut with his thumbs, while his index fingers make counterpressure on the under surface of the organ. One may
Controlled trial of effect of documented cardiovascular risk scores on prescribing
Authors: L M L Hall
Journal: BMJ (2003)

One in 200 babies in the Republic of Ireland is stillborn. Investigating the cause of stillbirth helps gives the clinician valuable information in relation to managing a subsequent pregnancy. A PM is the most useful and informative investigation that can be performed in the postnatal period. PM uptake rates in Ireland are low, circa 50%. There are few guidelines for staff on how to broach this issue and it is possible that individual clinicians' attitudes to PM affect the uptake rates. We conducted a questionnaire study examining the attitudes of midwives and obstetricians in Ireland to perinatal PM. This questionnaire has been validated by the ISA, ANZSA and also by UK−Sands. In total 117 questionnaires were completed. Obstetricians made up 44% of respondents - the rest were midwives. 17% of respondents never gave information to parents about PMs. Of those who did, only 37% did so at the time of diagnosis. The majority of respondents (76%) were dissatisfied with the quality of training received in how to counsel for PM. 46% of respondents were satisfied with the quality of information materials available in counselling parents re PM. 83% felt that a clinical guideline would be helpful to assist parents in decision making. To summarise, there is a wide variation among health care staff in the current knowledge and clinical practise relating to stillbirth and consenting for PM. We anticipate that by introducing a standardised guideline and improving staff education that our PM rates will improve dramatically.
Autogenous Bacterial Vaccines in Treatment of Asthma
Authors: A. W. Frankland, W. H. Hughes, R. H. Gorrill
Journal: BMJ (1955)

ODRUJHTs 941 it was shown on two occasions that even the increased dosage of phthalylsulphathiazole did not control infection in nurseries infected with a sensitive strain.During the course of this trial it became clear that the occurrence of secondary infection could be largely predicted from the proportion of children infected at the beginning of the incident.In Table V the nurseries in both treated and control groups are divided on the basis of the extent of their infec- tion at the beginning of the incident.When the initial TABLE V.-Incidence of Secondary Infection in Nurseries
Antibiotic-free nanotherapeutics: Ultra-small, mucus-penetrating solid lipid nanoparticles enhance the pulmonary delivery and anti-virulence efficacy of novel quorum sensing inhibitors
Authors: Noha Nafee, Ayman Husari, Christine K. Maurer, Cenbin Lu, Chiara de Rossi, Anke Steinbach, Rolf W. Hartmann, Claus-Michael Lehr, Marc Schneider
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Interrelationships between the precautionary principle, prediction strategies, and sustainable use of the planet.
Authors: John Cairns
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

In this article, I examine the relationships between new concepts of human activity in the environment and several prevention strategies used to plot a course toward sustainable use. Natural capitalism and industrial ecology are relatively new concepts that provide a framework for environmental management. Although the precautionary principle puts into policy a determination to prevent environmental damage before it occurs, natural capitalism and industrial ecology go beyond the prevention of environmental damage to the optimization of environmental interactions. The risk assessment tools necessary for preventive management continue to be essential. However, additional tools are needed to go beyond prevention to optimization. A holistic, scientific approach to the human place within the environment is needed, including both interdisciplinary and large-scale research.
Effect of inhaled indomethacin in asthmatic patients taking high doses of inhaled corticosteroids
Authors: Jun Tamaoki, Junko Nakata, Kazuyuki Nishimura, Mitsuko Kondo, Kazutetsu Aoshiba, Kiyomi Kawatani, Atsushi Nagai
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Hyperoxia: Influence on Lung Mechanics and Protein Synthesis
Authors: Gerardo Gacad, Donald Massaro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

We studied the time-course of the influence of in vivo hyperoxia on lung mechanics and on protein synthesis. After 24 h of exposure to greater than 98% O2 at 1 atm there were no alterations in descending pressure-volume curves (air or saline) of lungs excised from O2-exposed rats compared to control rats. After 48 h of hyperoxia there was a decrease in lung compliance. To study protein synthesis, as indicated by L-[U-(24)C] leucine incorporation into protein, lung slices were incubated with L-[U-(14)C]leucine and surface-active material then obtained by ultracentrifugation of lung homogenates. We measured radioactivity in total protein and in protein in the surface-active fraction. There were no alterations in incorporation after 12 h of hypertoxia. After 24 h of hyperoxia there were significant decreases (P<0.05) in L-[U-(14)C]leucine incorporation into total protein and into protein of the surface-active fraction. After 48 h of hyperoxia incorporation into protein of the surface-active fraction was decreased to a greater extent than incorporation into total protein, 63+/-4% and 75+/-5%, respectively, (P<0.025). These studies show that hyperoxia produces a major decrease in protein synthesis, including synthesis of protein in a surface-active fraction, before the onset of any detectable changes in the static compliance of excised lungs.
Advising patients with genital herpes
Authors: R. Patel, F. M Cowan, S. E Barton
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The traditional view of genital herpes is that it is a low prevalence sexually transmitted disease, principally caused by herpes simplex virus type 2.1 However, the new type specific antibody tests, which can accurately distinguish between antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, have shown that infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 is not only common2 3 4 but often goes unrecognised–only about a third of those infected are diagnosed.3 5 Among patients in Britain presenting with a first episode of genital herpes, infection due to herpes simplex virus type 1 is common, accounting for 20-60% of cases.6 7 8

Genital herpes is often associated with considerable psychosexual morbidity, particularly around the time of initial diagnosis.9 A major concern for infected people is that they may infect their sexual partners.10 In the past, patients were reassured that this could happen only if they had sex during episodes of acute genital blistering and ulceration.11 12 Recent data from epidemiological, natural course, and antiviral studies suggest that this advice may be misleading. In one of the few prospective studies of transmission of genital herpes, …
Inhibition of the Fc receptor of human lymphoid cells by antisera-recognizing determinants of the hla system.
Authors: B G Solheim, E Thorsby, E Möller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

The inhibitory effect of HLA antisera on Fc receptors of human lymphoid cells was investigated. The ability of lymphoid cells to form rosettes (FcRFC) with antibody-coated sheep red blood cells and to function as effector cells (K cells) in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity were used as assay systems. We found that antisera recognizing determinants of the HLA-A, -B, and -C series had no effect on FcRFC, while a specific inhibitory effect was observed of antisera probably reacting with determinants identical to or closely associated with those of the HLA-D series. This inhibitory effect was retained in the F(ab')2 fragments. Specific inhibition of K cells was observed with all HLA antisera, but this effect was lost in the F(ab')2 fragments. We conclude that the Fc receptor of rosette-forming lymphocytes may be closely associated with products of the HLA-D region. This is analogous to the association between the Fc receptor and the Ia antigens on murine rosette-forming B lymphocytes.
Respiratory function after aortic aneurysm repair: a comparison between retroperitoneal and transperitoneal approaches
Authors: Carlo A. Volta, Enrico Ferri, Elisabetta Marangoni, Riccardo Ragazzi, Marco Verri, Valentina Alvisi, Silvia Zardi, Sara Bertacchini, Gaetano Gritti, Raffaele Alvisi
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2003)
Identification of IgE‐binding epitopes on gliadins for patients with food allergy to wheat
Authors: F. Battais, T. Mothes, D. A. Moneret‐Vautrin, F. Pineau, G. Kanny, Y. Popineau, M. Bodinier, S. Denery‐Papini
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: Food allergy to wheat induces different symptoms as atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS), urticaria and more severe reactions as wheat‐dependent exercise‐induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). Different gliadin classes are involved in this allergy but IgE‐binding epitopes are known only on ω 5 ‐gliadins and for WDEIA cases. Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify IgE‐binding epitopes on several gliadin classes and for several patients with different symptoms and ages. Methods: Eleven sera were analysed by pepscan with overlapping synthetic peptides. Results: Sera from five patients with anaphylaxis, urticaria or WDEIA, displayed strong IgE‐binding to sequential epitopes of the repetitive domains of α β , γ , ω 2 or ω 5 ‐gliadins with two immunodominant epitopes on ω 5 ‐gliadin and a consensus motif of the type QQX 1 PX 2 QQ (X 1 being L, F, S or I and X 2 Q, E or G). One patient allergic to deamidated wheat proteins also had IgE to a repetitive peptide of γ and ω 2 ‐gliadins of the type QPQQPFP. Sera from four patients with AEDS detected no linear epitopes on gliadins, despite the fact that they contained specific IgE to α , β , γ or ω ‐gliadins. One child with AEDS recognized cysteine‐containing sequences in the nonrepetitive domains of α β and γ ‐gliadins. Conclusion: B epitopes in wheat allergy were different from B epitopes of coeliac disease. Differences exist in IgE‐binding epitopes between patients with food allergy to wheat. IgE from those suffering from WDEIA, anaphylaxis and urticaria detected sequential epitopes in the repetitive domain of gliadins whereas IgE from AEDS patients probably recognized conformational epitopes.
Imaging Studies of Patients with Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma Using C-11-Alpha-Aminoisobutyric Acid (AIB)
Authors: BERNARD SCHMALL, PETER S. CONTI, RODNEY E. BIGLER, PAT B. ZANZONICO, ROBERT E. REIMAN, RICHARD S. BENUA, SAMUEL D. J. YEH, J ROBERT DAHL, RICHARD LEE, JOHN S. LAUGHLIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB), a synthetic, nonmetabolized amino acid which is rapidly transported into viable cells by the A-type or alanine-preferring amino acid transport system, has been labeled with the shortlived, positron-emitting radionuclide carbon-11. Carbon-11 labeled AIB is currently being evaluated as a tumor imaging agent for in vivo amino acid transport studies in patients with cancer. In this study, C-11 AIB was used to image two patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), a pleomorphic sarcoma. Following intravenous administration of C-11 AIB, tumors in the distal femur of one patient and in the anterior chest wall of another patient were well visualized using high energy gamma scintigraphy. Since therapy may alter the accumulation of amino acids in tumor tissue, studies using C-11 AIB in patients with MFH before and after chemotherapy are in progress.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Gastroenterology: Clinical Gastroenterology
Authors: Peter R. Holt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine15 July 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Gastroenterology: Clinical GastroenterologyPeter R. Holt, MDPeter R. Holt, MDCollege of Physicians & Surgeons, St. Luke's Hospital Center, New York, NY 10025.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-2-199307150-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Clinical Gastroenterology. Second EditionEdgar Achkar, Richard G. Farmer, and Bertram Fleshler; eds. 657 pages. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1992. $115.00.Clinical Gastroenterology is one of several multicontributor books on gastroenterology that have been published in the last decade. The second edition differs significantly from the first edition published in 1983. The authors have all worked at the Cleveland Clinic, and the book attempts to summarize the current approach to the care of patients with gastrointestinal disorders used at such a multispecialty clinic and to discuss each subject within the context of practical day-to-day clinical management. The first part of the book ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: College of Physicians & Surgeons, St. Luke's Hospital Center, New York, NY 10025. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1993Volume 119, Issue 2Page: 175KeywordsAIDSGastroenterology and hepatologyHelicobacter pylori infectionInflammatory bowel diseaseLactoseMouthPatientsSigns and symptomsTasteWeight loss ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Measurement of bronchial responsiveness by forced oscillation technique in occupational epidemiology
Authors: JC Pairon, Y Iwatsubo, C Hubert, H Lorino, H Nouaigui, R Gharbi, P Brochard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

The performance of the forced oscillation technique (FOT) in the assessment of bronchial responsiveness on the methacholine challenge test was compared with that of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in 119 active workers with normal baseline pulmonary function. Changes in resistance (delta R0%), frequency dependence of resistance (delta P) and resonant frequency (delta F%) determined by the FOT were compared to the delta FEV1%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were established to determine values of the changes in FOT parameters which corresponded to the best sensitivity and specificity for classifying the subjects as hyperresponsive or nonresponsive on the methacholine challenge test. Significant correlations were observed between delta FEV1% and delta R0%, delta P and delta F% respectively. The ROC curves showed the following cut-off values of FOT parameters to be the best values for classifying the subjects according to the presence or absence of 20% fall in FEV1: a 65% increase in R0 (sensitivity 75%; specificity: 76%); a decrease of 65 x 10(-3) hPa.l-1.s2 in P (sensitivity 58%; specificity 83%); a 50% increase in F (sensitivity 75%; specificity 62%). Our results suggest that the FOT is a useful test for assessment of bronchial hyperresponsiveness when compared to spirometry, and can be applied to epidemiological studies of a bronchial challenge test in normal active working populations.
Immunodominance and functional alterations of tumor‐associated antigen‐specific CD8<sup>+</sup>T‐cell responses in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tobias Flecken, Nathalie Schmidt, Sandra Hild, Emma Gostick, Oliver Drognitz, Robert Zeiser, Peter Schemmer, Helge Bruns, Thomas Eiermann, David A. Price, Hubert E. Blum, Christoph Neumann‐Haefelin, Robert Thimme
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. To aid the development of novel immunological interventions, we studied the breadth, frequency, and tumor-infiltration of naturally occurring CD8+ T-cell responses targeting several tumor-associated antigens (TAA). We used overlapping peptides spanning the entire alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), glypican-3 (GPC-3), melanoma-associated gene-A1 (MAGE-A1) and New York-esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1) proteins and major-histocompatibility-complex-class-I-tetramers specific for epitopes of MAGE-A1 and NY-ESO-1 to analyze TAA-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in a large cohort of HCC patients. After nonspecific expansion in vitro, we detected interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing CD8+ T cells specific for all four TAA in the periphery as well as in liver and tumor tissue. These CD8+ T-cell responses displayed clear immunodominance patterns within each TAA, but no consistent hierarchy was observed between different TAA. Importantly, the response breadth was highest in early-stage HCC and associated with patient survival. After antigen-specific expansion, TAA-specific CD8+ T cells were detectable by tetramer staining but impaired in their ability to produce IFN-γ. Furthermore, regulatory T cells (Treg) were increased in HCC lesions. Depletion of Treg from cultures improved TAA-specific CD8+ T-cell proliferation but did not restore IFN-γ-production. Conclusion: Naturally occurring TAA-specific CD8+ T-cell responses are present in patients with HCC and therefore constitute part of the normal T-cell repertoire. Moreover, the presence of these responses correlates with patient survival. However, the observation of impaired IFN-γ production suggests that the efficacy of such responses is functionally limited. These findings support the development of strategies that aim to enhance the total TAA-specific CD8+ T-cell response by therapeutic boosting and/or specificity diversification. However, further research will be required to help unlock the full potential of TAA-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. (Hepatology 2014;59:1415-1426)
TCT-304 Prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered high-pitch spiral acquisition Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography for assessment of BVS expansion: comparison with Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Alessio Mattesini, Maria G. D'Alfonso, Francesco Meucci, Gian Franco Gensini, Carlo Di Mario, Serafina Valente
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)