tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cross-reactivity Between Tomato And Pollen Extracts
Authors: A. Ferrer, J. Huertas, C.H. de Larramendi, J. Pagán, J. García-Abujeta, J. Lavín, J. Bartra, C. Andreu, M. López-Matas, J. Carnés
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Quantitative estimation of subendocardial ischemia with dobutamine stress echocardiography assessed by a newly developed strain: M-mode echocardiography
Authors: Takeshi Maruo, Satoshi Nakatani, Hiroyuki Kakuchi, Masakazu Yamagishi, Masafumi Kitakaze, Kunio Miyatake
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Asthma: Chronopharmacotherapy and the molecular clock
Authors: Naoto Burioka, Yasushi Fukuoka, Satoru Koyanagi, Masanori Miyata, Miyako Takata, Hiroki Chikumi, Hiroshi Takane, Masanari Watanabe, Masahiro Endo, Takanori Sako, Hisashi Suyama, Shigehiro Ohdo, Eiji Shimizu
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2010)
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Authors: Jacob J. Lokich
Journal: JAMA (1975)

† Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is an acute or subacute oncologic emergency with typical clinical features. The syndrome is almost invariably secondary to a malignant process. The treatment of choice is irradiation, but in resistant cases or in those instances in which radiation tolerance is achieved, either surgery or chemotherapy, or both, may play a crucial role. The major pitfalls in management relate to attempts to establish the site of obstruction and to obtain specific tissue diagnosis. (<i>JAMA</i>231:58-61, 1975)
Attitudes towards general practice are changing
Authors: T. Lambert
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Bowler and Jackson say in their paper on the career intentions of general practice registrars that the government's national plan may underestimate the numbers of new doctors needed.1 They found that many general practice registrars intend to work part time or as non-principals.

Our own studies of all medical graduates in particular graduation years show important trends in recent years, away from full time principalships. We reported a large fall in the percentage of young medical graduates who want a …
<i>Trifur equorum</i>Infection in Man
Authors: J. T. Peters
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IN connection with an interesting article about animal diseases transmissible to man (the so-called zoonoses)1 it seems to me of great importance, especially for general practitioners, to know the symptoms of still another zoonosis — Trifur equorum infection — that is not mentioned in that article and not even in the newest handbooks of internal medicine. For this reason the disease is often not recognized by the doctor who treats such patients. The possibility that the disease occurs less rarely than one would expect is supported by the following facts: there are a large number of infected horses and mules . . .
Children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: using diverse exposure metrics to document ethnic/racial differences.
Authors: Ken Sexton, John L Adgate, Timothy R Church, Stephen S Hecht, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, Ian A Greaves, Ann L Fredrickson, Andrew D Ryan, Steven G Carmella, Mindy S Geisser
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Four metrics were used to assess exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) for a probability sample (n = 152) of elementary school-age children in two economically disadvantaged neighborhoods: a) caregiver responses to a baseline questionnaire (BQ) about smoking status and behavior; b) 48-hr time-activity (T-A) data on location and time spent by children in the presence of tobacco smoke; c) total urinary cotinine as a marker for nicotine uptake; and d) urinary NNAL [4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol] + NNAL-Gluc [4-(methylnitrosamino)-1- (3-pyridyl)-1-(O-beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl)butane] as a marker for uptake of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Consistent differences in ETS exposure by ethnicity and race were observed. Although data were insufficient to determine differences for NNAL + NNAL-Gluc, BQ responses, T-A data, and cotinine levels all indicated that average ETS exposure was highest for African-American children, moderately high for those designated "other" (white, Southeast Asian, Native American), moderately low for Hispanic children, and lowest for Somali immigrant children. For example, in February 2000, mean cotinine levels were 14.1 ng/mL for African Americans, 12.2 ng/mL for other, 4.8 ng/mL for Hispanics, and 4.4 ng/mL for Somalis. The BQ and T-A data together were reasonably good predictors of total cotinine levels (adjusted r2 = 0.69), and based on limited data, measured total cotinine values were a relatively good predictor of NNAL + NNAL-Gluc (adjusted r2 = 0.73). The results suggest that when children are exposed to ETS primarily in their homes, questionnaires and T-A logs might be effective screening tools for identifying those likely to experience higher uptake of nicotine.
Peripheral Autonomic Impairment in Patients Newly Diagnosed With Type II Diabetes
Authors: Elizabeth A McDaid, Bronagh Monaghan, Ann I Parker, John R Hayes, Judith A Allen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To measure both peripheral and central autonomic function in patients newly diagnosed with type II diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Measurements were made on 49 diabetic patients (8 with long-standing diabetes and neuropathic complications, 41 with newly diagnosed type II diabetes) and on 49 healthy, age- and sex-matched, control subjects. Five of the 41 newly diagnosed type II diabetic patients had retinopathy, and 4 had clinical evidence of neuropathy. No patient or control subject had significant vascular disease. Cardiac autonomic function was investigated by using standard cardiovascular reflex tests. The digital vasoconstrictor responses to deep breathing and body cooling were measured using venous occlusion plethysmography. RESULTS The vasoconstrictor responses to a deep breath and body cooling were significantly reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in the fingers and toes of the neuropathic patients compared with their matched control subjects, as were the heart rate responses (P &amp;lt; 0.02). The vasoconstrictor responses were significantly reduced in the toes (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and fingers (P &amp;lt; 0.05, P &amp;lt; 0.01) of the newly diagnosed patients compared with the corresponding responses in the control subjects. There was no significant difference in the heart rate or blood pressure responses of these patients and control subjects during standard tests of cardiac autonomic function. CONCLUSIONS Patients with type II diabetes may have impaired peripheral autonomic function at diagnosis.
An Overview of Role of Matrix Components
Authors: David M Brown, Aristidis S Charonis, Leo T Furcht, David J Klein, S Michael Mauer, Michael W Steffes, Photini-Effie Tsilibary
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

The glomerular filtration barrier consists of complex matrix constituents interposed between the glomerular endothelial and epithelial cells, which constitute the lining of the glomerular capillaries. The matrix components include collagen and noncollagenous molecules such as laminin and proteoglycans. This review describes herein the metabolic consequences of diabetes mellitus to which increased permeability of the filtration barrier may be attributed by altering matrix molecules.
Human genome project to complete ahead of schedule
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The human genome project is all set to present the fully sequenced human genome in 2003, two years earlier than expected. A draft version of the genome which should contain up to 90% of the total genetic information, is expected to be ready by 2001.

The human genome project is an international collaboration of research, and the intention of the project is to map out the entire genetic blueprint (genome) of the human being. The benefit of sequencing the entire human genome is that it will give scientists a complete molecular understanding of human beings, and the genetic basis from which humans have evolved, in addition to helping scientists understand what happens when something goes wrong or when diseases interfere with normal functioning. It will also provide pharmaceutical companies with new therapeutic targets.

The draft version of the genome will contain relatively raw information. It should hopefully contain, however, the genes that are generally considered most important to biologists …
BASELINE LDL-C AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES WITH ADDITION OF EZETIMIBE TO STATIN IN 18,144 PATIENTS POST ACS
Authors: Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher Cannon, Michael Blazing, Jennifer White, Sabina Murphy, Andrew Tershakovec, Thomas Musliner, Robert Califf, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
The Physician as an Educated Person
Authors: Victor Tchertkoff
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Rhoads' article (1982;247:2671), which stressed the need for physicians to be "first of all educated men," has prompted me to start daily slide review sessions with some recitation or presentation from the humanities. In this way, our student volunteers and residents might become alerted to Carl Sandburg, Walt Whitman, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Dante, and others whom they might have missed on their way through the medical education process.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Immune Responses
Authors: Masahide Yoshikawa, Tadasu Tsujii, Keisuke Matsumura, Junnichi Yamao, Yoshinobu Matsumura, Ryouichi Kubo, Hiroshi Fukui, Shigeaki Ishizaka
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Ursodeoxycholic acid was recently recognized as an effective agent in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. Experimental evidence supporting the usefulness of ursodeoxycholic acid as a potentially beneficial therapeutic agent for primary biliary cirrhosis has been reported from the biochemical and physiological aspects. In this study, we investigated the direct effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on immunoglobulin and cytokine production in vitro using plaque–forming cell assay and enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay. It was demonstrated that ursodeoxycholic acid suppressed the production of IgM, IgG and IgA induced by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from healthy subjects and patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and also in human B lymphoma cell lines. Furthermore, ursodeoxycholic acid suppressed interleukin–2 and interleukin–4 production induced by concanavalin A and interferon–γ production induced by polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid, but it did not affect interleukin–1 and interleukin–6 production induced by lipopolysaccharide in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In addition, ursodeoxycholic acid suppressed the concanavalin A–induced thymocyte proliferation mediated by interleukin–1. Cytotoxicity against lymphocytes was not observed at the concentrations of ursodeoxycholic acid used. These results suggest that the beneficial effect of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis is mediated in part by immunosuppression. (Hepatology 1992;16:358-364.)
Diagnostic accuracy of urinary spot protein:creatinine ratio for proteinuria in hypertensive pregnant women: systematic review
Authors: Anne-Marie Côté, Mark A Brown, Elaine Lam, Peter von Dadelszen, Tabassum Firoz, Robert M Liston, Laura A Magee
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Objective</b> To review the spot protein:creatinine ratio and albumin:creatinine ratio as diagnostic tests for significant proteinuria in hypertensive pregnant women. <b>Design</b> Systematic review. <b>Data sources</b> Medline and Embase, the Cochrane Library, reference lists, and experts. <b>Review methods</b> Literature search (1980-2007) for articles of the spot protein:creatinine ratio or albumin:creatinine ratio in hypertensive pregnancy, with 24 hour proteinuria as the comparator. <b>Results</b> 13 studies concerned the spot protein:creatinine ratio (1214 women with primarily gestational hypertension). Nine studies reported sensitivity and specificity for eight cut-off points, median 24 mg/mmol (range 17-57 mg/mmol; 0.15-0.50 mg/mg). Laboratory assays were not well described. Diagnostic test characteristics were recalculated for a cut-off point of 30 mg/mmol. No significant heterogeneity in cut-off points was found between studies over a range of proteinuria. Pooled values gave a sensitivity of 83.6% (95% confidence interval 77.5% to 89.7%), specificity of 76.3% (72.6% to 80.0%), positive likelihood ratio of 3.53 (2.83 to 4.49), and negative likelihood ratio of 0.21 (0.13 to 0.31) (nine studies, 1003 women). Two studies of the spot albumin:creatinine ratio (225 women) found optimal cut-off points of 2 mg/mmol for proteinuria of 0.3 g/day or more and 27 mg/mmol for albuminuria. <b>Conclusion</b> The spot protein:creatinine ratio is a reasonable “rule-out” test for detecting proteinuria of 0.3 g/day or more in hypertensive pregnancy. Information on use of the albumin:creatinine ratio in these women is insufficient.
(Latent) transforming growth factor ? in liver parenchymal cells, its injury-dependent release, and paracrine effects on rat hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Sylke Roth, Kristin Michel, Axel M. Gressner
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Cultured parenchymal liver cells (PC) were recently recognized to contain (latent) transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) while the expression of TGF-beta mRNA remains controversial. This study was designed to analyze PC in different microenvironments (liver in situ, highly purified, isolated, and cultured PC) regarding the qualitative and quantitative content of mature and latent TGF-beta protein (immunostainings, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], and enzyme-labeled fluorescence [ELF] technique). The results were compared with its gene expression (reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]). In all microenvironments, PC contained latent TGF-beta, which was partially activated after cell isolation and culture. The amount of total TGF-beta (mature plus latent) of latency-associated peptide (LAP) and of latent TGF-beta binding protein (LTBP) were shown to decrease during culture. In contrast, TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta3 mRNA and LTBP-1 and -3 mRNA expression were first detectable after culture. Permeabilization of cell membranes in whole liver and of isolated PC with streptolysin O or carbon tetrachloride, respectively, released TGF-beta, a part of which was integrated in the large latent complex as estimated by analytical gel filtration chromatography. The TGF-beta released by damaged PC induces paracrine effects on hepatic stellate cell cultures. It stimulates hyaluronan synthesis and antagonizes the effect of mitogenic factor(s) of PC on [3H]thymidine incorporation. The results strongly suggest that the main part of hepatocellular TGF-beta is not generated by de novo synthesis but from uptake into the liver in vivo. The immunodetection of preexisting mature TGF-beta after isolation of the cells is probably caused by intracellular activation of latent TGF-beta. The injury-dependent discharge of TGF-beta from PC might be an important mechanism for initiation and perpetuation of various forms of chronic human liver diseases.
Exaggerated IL-17 response to epicutaneous sensitization mediates airway inflammation in the absence of IL-4 and IL-13
Authors: Rui He, Hye Young Kim, Juhan Yoon, Michiko K. Oyoshi, Andrew MacGinnitie, Sho Goya, Eva-Jasmin Freyschmidt, Paul Bryce, Andrew N.J. McKenzie, Dale T. Umetsu, Hans C. Oettgen, Raif S. Geha
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Death Not Necessarily End for Heart Devices
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heliotherapy improves vitamin D balance and atopic dermatitis
Authors: K. Vähävihu, L. Ylianttila, R. Salmelin, C. Lamberg-Allardt, H. Viljakainen, P. Tuohimaa, T. Reunala, E. Snellman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Vitamin D insufficiency during winter is common in the Nordic countries. Heliotherapy (HT) may heal atopic dermatitis (AD) but its effect on vitamin D balance has not been examined.To study the effect of HT on serum calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D) concentration and on healing of AD.Twenty-three adult patients with AD received a 2-week course of HT in the Canary Islands in either January or March 2005. Daily solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation was measured and personal UV exposure calculated as standard erythema doses (SED). Blood samples were taken during HT and during a 1-2 month follow-up. Serum calcidiol concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. Healing of AD was examined by SCORAD index.Before HT 17 (74%) AD patients had vitamin D insufficiency (calcidiol < 50 nmol L(-1)) and four patients high (> 80 nmol L(-1)) serum calcidiol values. The median personal UV dose during the 2-week HT course was 60 SED in the January group and 109 SED in the March group. Serum calcidiol concentration increased significantly in both groups, by 13.4 and 24.0 nmol/L(-1), respectively, and after HT only four (17%) patients had vitamin D insufficiency. SCORAD improved from 34 to 9 in the January HT group and from 30 to 9 in the March group.A 2-week course of HT significantly improved vitamin D balance by increasing serum calcidiol concentration, and caused a marked healing of AD. These parallel positive responses should be taken into account when the benefits of HT are considered.
Metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by cultured pulmonary alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis.
Authors: J S Adams, O P Sharma, M A Gacad, F R Singer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Metabolism of [3H]25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25-OH-D3) was studied in primary cultures of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) from seven patients with sarcoidosis and two patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Production of a [3H]1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-[OH]2-D3)-like metabolite of [3H]25-OH-D3 was detected in lipid extracts of cells from five patients with sarcoidosis. Synthesis of this compound in vitro was limited to viable PAM and was greatest in cells derived from a patient with hypercalcemia and an elevated serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. The tritiated PAM metabolite coeluted with authentic 1,25-(OH)2-D3 in three different solvent systems on straight-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and demonstrated binding to extracted receptor for 1,25-(OH)2-D3, which was identical to that of commercially available [3H]1,25-(OH)2-D3 of comparable specific activity. Incubation of PAM with high concentrations of 25-OH-D3 resulted in production of an unlabeled metabolite that co-chromatographed with the 3H-PAM metabolite on HPLC and that was bound with high affinity by both the specific receptor for 1,25-(OH)2-D3 and antiserum to 1,25-(OH)2-D3.
Abstract 4383: Incidence of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Pascal de Groote, Eric Hachulla, Virginie Gressin, Jean Sibilia, Elisabeth Diot, Patrick Carpentier, Luc Mouthon, Pierre-Yves Hatron, Pierre Clerson, Marc Humbert
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We have previously determined a prevalence of 7.85% [95%CI: 5.70–10.00] of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in a large multicentre systemic sclerosis (SSc) population (the ItinerAIR Scleroderma registry). We used a screening algorithm based on dyspnea, Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of the peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (VTR) and right heart catheterisation (RHC). No study has determined the incidence of PAH in a large population at risk. To determine the incidence of PAH over 3 years of follow-up in the ItinerAIR SSc registry. Patients underwent regular screening for PAH with Doppler echocardiography confirmed by RHC in patients with VTR of 2.8–3 m/s and unexplained dyspnea, or VTR &gt;3 m/s. 384 patients were followed for a mean of 41±5.6 months (median 41 months). The baseline characteristics of this population were: 87% female, mean age 53±12 years, mean duration of SSc at study entry 8.7±7.6 years, and 24.0% with diffuse SSc. Doppler echocardiography detected PAH in 18 patients (incidence: 1.37 per 100 patient-years). Among these, RHC identified 8 patients with pre-capillary PAH (incidence: 0.61 per 100 patient-years [95%CI: 0.26–1.20]), 8 with post-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) and 2 with PH due to severe interstitial lung disease. The 8 patients with pre-capillary PAH had moderate PAH (mean pulmonary pressure: 36±14.6 mmHg). Among the 8 patients with post-capillary PH, echocardiography was always considered normal by the expert cardiologist, except in 2 cases (moderate left atrial dilatation in one and mild aortic sclerosis in the other). These 8 patients had mild post-capillary PH, 5 of them having normal mean pulmonary pressure at rest but a significant increase during exercise with a pulmonary wedge pressure &gt; 15 mmHg. In this large multicentre SSc cohort we prospectively found an incidence of PAH of 0.61 per 100 patient-years. We also demonstrated that RHC is still mandatory to precisely define the type of pulmonary hypertension since mild post-capillary PH without echocardiographic abnormalities are frequent.
Vaccination for Varicella—Just Do It!
Authors: Eugene D. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Varicella vaccine (a live, attenuated strain of varicella-zoster virus) was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in March 1995 and became available for use in May 1995. Both the Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Public Health Service have endorsed a strategy of immunization of all infants 12 to 18 months of age as well as of older susceptible individuals.<sup>1,2</sup>There has been considerable controversy about varicella vaccine. Among the questions central to the controversy are: (1) How efficacious is the vaccine and what is the duration of protection that it provides? The morbidity and mortality of varicella are far more severe in adults than in children; if vaccine-induced immunity wanes, will we be creating cohorts of immune children who grow up to be susceptible adults? (2) Will vaccinees be at risk of either