tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Macrophages from nephrotic rats regulate apolipoprotein E biosynthesis and cholesterol content independently.
Authors: J Bass, E A Fisher, M M Prack, D L Williams, J B Marsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The effects of the nephrotic syndrome in rats on the cholesterol content and the biosynthesis of apolipoprotein E (apoE) by resident peritoneal macrophages have been investigated. Since the nephrotic syndrome has been associated with an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis, we hypothesized that macrophages from nephrotic rats would accumulate cholesterol and undergo transformation into foam cells, with a concomitant increase in apoE biosynthesis. The nephrotic syndrome was induced in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside. Peritoneal macrophages exposed in vivo for 7-21 d to ascites fluid derived from plasma containing sixfold elevations of lipoproteins did not accumulate unesterified or esterified cholesterol. Nevertheless, immunoprecipitation assays after incubation of the isolated cells with [35S]methionine, or immunoblot analysis of the incubation medium demonstrated a 2.6-fold increase in apoE secretion compared with normal macrophages. This increase was accompanied by 5- to 10-fold increases in cellular apoE messenger RNA as determined by quantitative solution hybridization assay. Peritoneal macrophages cultured from nephrotic rats during the period of hypercholesterolemia also showed distinct and highly reproducible morphologic changes. The dissociation between apoE biosynthesis and macrophage cholesterol content provides new insight into the response of peritoneal macrophages in vivo to endogenous hyperlipemia.
Death Caused by Recreational Cocaine Use
Authors: Charles V. Wetli
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Sixty-eight deaths associated with the recreational use of illicit cocaine were investigated by the Medical Examiner's Office of Dade County in Florida. Most fatalities occurred since 1975. Although 29 involved the use of other drugs (usually heroin), 24 persons died directly of the toxic effects of cocaine. Respiratory collapse and death occurred rapidly after the intravenous injection of cocaine. Oral or nasal ingestion resulted in a symptom-free interval lasting as long as an hour followed suddenly by generalized seizures and death. Toxicological analysis could not causally relate lidocaine hydrochloride or other adulterants to the untoward reactions. The data suggest that the rate of absorption, the peak blood concentration, and the prior use of cocaine all contribute to the possibility of a fatal reaction. Despite current belief, cocaine cannot be considered a safe recreational drug. (<i>JAMA</i>241:2519-2522, 1979)
The synovial membrane in osteoarthritis: a histological study including the characterisation of the cellular infiltrate present in inflammatory osteoarthritis using monoclonal antibodies.
Authors: P A Revell, V Mayston, P Lalor, P Mapp
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

Inflammatory infiltration of the synovial membrane has been described in a proportion of cases of osteoarthritis (OA). Using conventional histology, lymphoid follicles, diffuse fibrosis, and perivascular fibrosis were shown to be present to a significantly greater extent and in more synovial membranes in osteoarthritis than in those cases where there was a mechanical or traumatic background to the joint disease. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals (five patients) and detritus fragments of bone and cartilage (seven patients) were present in small numbers of the total cases of OA (38) studied. Neither of these features was related to the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate. Examination of 20 osteoarthritic synovial membranes using monoclonal antibodies showed the presence of lymphoid follicles containing T helper and T suppressor lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages expressing HLA-DR in five cases. The T helper:suppressor ratio varied between 1:1 and 2.5:1 in these follicles. In addition, half of the OA samples, including these five cases, showed the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate containing T and B lymphocytes and macrophages, which were HLA-DR positive. Granulocytes were present in this diffuse infiltrate in those cases containing lymphoid follicles. The results confirm the presence of an inflammatory form of osteoarthritis but also show that the proportions of lymphoid cells are not the same as those considered to be typical of rheumatoid arthritis.
Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice
Authors: Richard D. Brunning
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In the relatively short period since the first edition of<i>Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice</i>was published in 1991, there have been significant advances in understanding the biology of normal and abnormal hematopoiesis at both the cellular and molecular levels. These advances have had considerable impact on clinical hematology both in diagnosis and treatment. In recognition of this rapidly expanding knowledge base, the editors of<i>Hematology</i>have prepared a second edition. In their new preface they state that they have attempted to retain the major strengths of the first edition but have introduced changes to enhance the quality of the book. They have accomplished their goal, and this edition sets a new standard of excellence for textbooks of hematology. The book is divided into major parts or sections, which address all the major aspects of basic and clinical hematology. Each of the sections on disorders of hematopoiesis begins with chapters
Noninvasive measurement of the pressure of esophageal varices using an endoscopic gauge: Comparison with measurements by variceal puncture in patients undergoing endoscopic sclerotherapy
Authors: Jaime Bosch, José M. Bordas, Joaquín Rigau, Carmen Viola, Ricardo Mastai, David Kravetz, Miguel Navasa, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

Measurements of variceal pressure with a noninvasive endoscopic pressure gauge and by direct variceal puncture were performed in 20 cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension in the course of the first session of therapeutic sclerotherapy following an episode of variceal bleeding. Endoscopic gauge measurements of the pressure of esophageal varices gave similar values (15.5 ± 2.7 mm Hg) than measurements by variceal puncture (15.4 ± 2.4 mm Hg; not statistically significant), and there was a highly significant linear correlation between both measurements (r = 0.9, p < 0.001). Azygos blood flow, that was markedly increased in these patients (852 ± 399 ml per min), was directly related to variceal pressure (r = 0.73, p < 0.01). Variceal pressure was significantly lower than portal pressure (18.8 ± 5.0 mm Hg) (p < 0.05), indicating that measurements of variceal pressure cannot substitute measurements of portal pressure. The study demonstrates that the noninvasive endoscopic gauge technique allows an accurate estimation of variceal pressure in patients with portal hypertension. This technique may provide additional useful information in the evaluation of portal hypertension as well as on the mechanism of variceal bleeding.
Echinococcosis — An Emerging Disease in Farmers
Authors: Armin Deutz, Klemens Fuchs, Herbert Auer, Norbert Nowotny
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

High-Fiber Diet and Colorectal AdenomasTo the Editor: I am concerned that the report by Schatzkin and colleagues (April 20 issue) 1 may lead many people to conclude erroneously that diet does not affect susceptibility to colon cancer, even though the hypothesis was not adequately tested.According to Table 3 of the report, dietary fat decreased from 35.6 percent at randomization to 23.8 percent at four years in the intervention group and from 36.0 to 33.9 percent in the control group.Consumption of red meat decreased from 93.2 to 74.5 g per day in the intervention group and from 97.9 to 94.9 g per day in the control group.However, plasma total cholesterol decreased only from 5.30 to 5.27 mg per deciliter in the intervention group and from 5.29 to 5.27 mg per deciliter in the control group (log-transformed values); these decreases represent 2 percent and 1 percent in the absolute cholesterol concentrations, respectively.Reductions of this magnitude in the intake of dietary fat and red meat in the intervention group (if they really occurred) should have caused a greater reduction in the plasma total cholesterol level -in any event, greater than that in the control group, which did not occur.Also, weight was essentially unchanged in both groups.The logical conclusion is that the patients in the intervention group were actually consuming a diet very similar to that of the control group.This would not be surprising, since it is difficult to motivate people to make and maintain dietary changes in large-scale studies, and it is equally difficult to obtain accurate dietary information in clinical trials.But it is as erroneous to claim that dietary fat and cholesterol intake have no effect on colon cancer as it is to say that they have no effect on plasma total cholesterol.It is a great disservice for the authors to conclude, "In summary, our study provided no evidence that a diet low in fat and high in fiber, fruits, and vegetables reduces the risk of recurrent colorectal adenomas."When headlines to this effect appeared widely in the media, they left many people with the belief that diet makes no difference, whereas, in fact, we do not yet know whether this is true.
Management of Tetanus, Using Chlorpromazine and Mephenesin
Authors: J. Hutchinson, G. D. Hurrell
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Four hundred American and 384 Australian physical therapists, nominated by their peers as expert clinicians, were studied to evaluate whether a particular cognitive style was prevalent among expert clinicians, to identify preferred sources of information for clinical decision making, and to determine the similarities and differences between American and Australian therapists. Results were based on usable survey responses from 348 American and 290 Australian therapists. Eighty-eight percent of the American therapists and 82% of the Australian therapists identified themselves as working primarily in general practice, orthopedics, or neurology. The physical therapy assessment and interviews with the patient were the preferred sources of information in both countries. The physician9s referral and communications with other health care personnel were reported to be of limited value as sources of information by most respondents. Overall, both groups responded most positively to the receptive style of data gathering and the systematic style of information processing. Therapists working primarily with neurologically impaired patients responded most positively to the preceptive style of data gathering and the intuitive style of information processing. Therapists working primarily with patients with orthopedic disorders responded most positively to the systematic style of information processing.
On the way towards a ‘CLL prognostic index’: focus on TP53, BIRC3, SF3B1, NOTCH1 and MYD88 in a population-based cohort
Authors: D Cortese, L-A Sutton, N Cahill, K E Smedby, C Geisler, R Gunnarsson, G Juliusson, L Mansouri, R Rosenquist
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Analysis of dynamic smile and upper lip curvature in young Chinese
Authors: Ling-Zhi Liang, Wen-Jie Hu, Yan-Ling Zhang, Kwok-Hung Chung
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2013)

During smile evaluation and anterior esthetic construction, the anatomic and racial variations should be considered in order to achieve better matching results. The aims of this study were to validate an objective method for recording spontaneous smile process and to categorize the smile and upper lip curvature of Chinese Han-nationality youth. One hundred and eighty-eight Chinese Han-nationality youths (88 males and 100 females) ranged from 20 to 35 years of age were selected. Spontaneous smiles were elicited by watching comical movies and the dynamics of the spontaneous smile were captured continuously with a digital video camera. All subjects' smiles were categorized into three types: commissure, cuspid and gummy smile based on video editing software and final images. Subjects' upper lip curvatures were also measured and divided into three groups: upward, straight and downward. Reliability analysis was conducted to obtain intra-rater reliabilities on twice measurements. The Pearson Chi-square test was used to compare differences for each parameters (α=0.05). In smile classification, 60.6% commissure smile, 33.5% cuspid smile and 5.9% gummy smile were obtained. In upper lip measurement, 26.1% upward, 39.9% straight and 34.0% downward upper lip curvature were determined. The commissure smile group showed statistically significant higher percentage of straight (46.5%) and upward (40.4%) in upper lip curvatures (P<0.05), while cuspid smile group (65.1%) and gummy smile group (72.7%) showed statistically significant higher frequency in downward upper lip curvature (P<0.05). It is evident that differences in upper lip curvature and smile classification exist based on race, when comparing Chinese subjects with those of Caucasian descent, and gender. Research in China to classify smiles could help guide future oral reconstruction surgery in the world's most populous country. A team led by Wen-Jie Hu of Peking University analyzed smiles from 188 young adults of Han Chinese ethnicity and categorized them according to overall shape and upper lip curvature. Consistent with studies from other populations, the researchers showed that around 60% of the participants had what's known as a 'commissure' smile, typically shaped like a Cupid's bow. Another third had a 'cuspid' smile, in which the lips are commonly visualized as a diamond, and the final 6% had 'gummy' smiles. However, unlike a previously reported Caucasian cohort, the Chinese subjects, like Koreans, had lips that tended to be straight or downward-facing, rather than curving upwards.
IgE and allergic diseases in HIV-infected adults randomized to IL-2 and antiretrovirals (ARV) versus ARV alone*1
Authors: J. Ananworanich, H. Chantapakul, S. Teeratakulpisarn, S. Ubolyam, U. Siangphoe, K. Ruxrungtham
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Apparent Free Amino Acids in Deproteinized Plasma of Normal and Uremic Persons1
Authors: Peter F. Salisbury, Max S. Dunn, Edward A. Murphy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1957)

Pooled sample from nine normal men, fasted.Average of 2 to 3 assays at 2 to 3 different sample concentrations (0.45 to 1.5 relative to fresh plasma).t Average value from 34 normal men, fasted.t Average value from 17 normal men, fasted.§ Average value from five normal men, fasted.| Average value from two normal men, three hours after feeding.Average value.
Commentary: Customer Disservice?
Authors: Troyen A. Brennan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Commentary3 January 2006Commentary: Customer Disservice?Troyen A. Brennan, MDTroyen A. Brennan, MDFrom the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02445.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-1-200601030-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Editor's Note:In February 2002, Annals of Internal Medicine and Lancet published the Charter on Medical Professionalism. The American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation, the American College of Physicians Foundation, and the European Federation of Internal Medicine developed the Charter to provide an ethical framework to guide physicians as they practice in the world of 21st-century medicine. In an effort to help our readers remember the principles of the Charter and apply them, Annals is publishing a series of commentaries to accompany selected On Being a Doctor and On Being a Patient essays. We're grateful to Dr. Troyen A. Brennan for ...Reference1. Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physician charter. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:243-6. [PMID: 11827500] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02445.Disclosures: Dr. Brennan is an executive at a physician group and is the chair of the American Board of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCustomer Disservice? James L. Glazer Metrics 3 January 2006Volume 144, Issue 1Page: 62KeywordsAntibioticsBacteriaBehaviorConflicts of interestHealth careHealth care sectorHealth information technologyHealth insuranceMotivationPatient advocacy ePublished: 3 January 2006 Issue Published: 3 January 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
FDA Alert on Pure Caffeine Powder
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patients who reside in common lodging-houses.
Authors: R. Scott, P. G. Gaskell, D. C. Morrell
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Common lodging-houses exist in many of our larger cities and are licensed by the local health authority.A night's lodging i4 cheap and the facilities provided are correspondingly limited.Many clients pay for one night at a time.There is surprisingly little up-to-date information about the size of the lodging-house population in this country, and its demands and needs in respect of medical or social care.Laid- law (1956) traced the growth of the lodging-house system.He made a detailed study of lodging-houses in Glasgow, which at that time accommodated over 7,000 persons, of whom he interviewed 800.Sargaison (1954) surveyed living conditions in lodging-houses in Belfast, and reported on the results she obtained from a social interview with a series of 371 inhabitants over the age of 60 years.Merfyn Turner (1960) gave an interesting commentary on a London lodging-house and some of Its inhabitants as seen by a trained sociologist.We require a considerable investment in sociological and epidemiological techniques if we are to bring these studies up to date and to extend them.Clinical studies relating to the lodging-house population usually reflect the specialist's interest-for example, Whiteley (1955) reported on the psychiatric diagnosis of 100 men admitted to an observation ward from three lodging-houses in London, while Edwards et al. (1966) studied alcoholism in a sample group of 51 down-and-out men who were regular patrons of a soup kitchen in Stepney.General practitioners and hospital doctors working in casualty and outpatient departments not infrequently encounter indivi- duals residing in common lodging-houses.Since they see a broader spectrum of disease than that presenting in more specialized departments, it is worth while to look at records which can be obtained from such sources.
ELISPOTs produced by CD8 and CD4 cells follow log normal size distribution
Authors: Jaya Ghosh, Kinga Karacsony, Wenji Zhang, Oleg Targoni, Ioana Moldovan, Paul V Lehmann, Alexey Y Karulin
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Each positive well in ELISPOT assays always contain spots of variable sizes that range from micrometers up to a millimeter in diameter. Therefore, when it comes to counting ELISPOTs it is critical to decide how to set the lower and the upper spot size thresholds to discriminate
Making Sense of Partnerships
Authors: P Gray
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ed Norman Ellis, Tony Stanton Radcliffe, £13.50, pp 116 ISBN 1-87095-62-8

Disputes tend to bring out the worst in human nature. We act reasonably and rationally most of the time, but when a dispute occurs reasonableness and rationality may go out of the window, attitudes became entrenched, and the disputants defend to the hilt what they perceive to be their moral rights regardless of the cost to themselves and others. This is a problem faced by lawyers working in …
Antibodies to colonic epithelial cells from the serum and colonic mucosal washings in ulcerative colitis.
Authors: U Y Khoo, I Bjarnason, A Donaghy, R Williams, A Macpherson
Journal: Gut (1995)

It has been suggested that antibodies to a colonocyte protein of 40 kD (an intestinal isoform of tropomyosin) are specifically found in the serum and mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis, which has important pathogenic implications. This study isolated and purified tropomyosin from the colonic mucosa, but no specific binding to this protein has been detected in serum samples or immunoglobulins isolated from mucosal washings of 20 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) compared with 21 controls or 17 Crohn's disease (CD) patients. Samples from a further 12 patients with UC and primary sclerosing cholangitis (it is proposed that cross reactivity against the intestinal tropomyosin isoform accounts for the extraintestinal disease) also did not show binding to tropomyosin, whereas monoclonal antitropomyosin antisera bound both ELISAs and western blots. This study also examined the proteins in the normal colonic biopsy specimens on western blots that are bound by both serum samples and mucosal immunoglobulin preparations from these patients groups; there was no specific IgG or IgA binding to patients with UC or UC/primary sclerosing cholangitis, whereas binding to mitochondrial proteins of 70,000 and 45,000 was seen in samples from 12 primary biliary cirrhosis positive controls. This work does not support the hypothesis that autoimmune activity against the intestinal isoform or tropomyosin is important in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.
477 DIFFERENT PROFIBROGENIC IMPACT OF TGF-BETA AND IL-13 STRONGLY DEPENDS ON THE ETIOLOGY OF LIVER DAMAGE
Authors: Y. Liu, J.L. Chen, P. Godoy, T. Huang, C. Zhou, H.K. Seitz, F. Stickel, A. Marx, P.R. Mertens, S. Dooley, H.L. Weng
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)