tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"GASTRIC ATTACKS" IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: D. Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1927)

THE uistual agoe at which gastric attacks occur in childhood is between 2 anid 7 years, probably most commonly betweeln 5 and 6.By " gastric attacks " I mean a train of sym- ptom.swOilich points to tlih alimentary tract as the seat of the disturbance.Thus a clhild aged 3 refuses his tea, seems fretfuil, out of sorts, a little feverish, and alarms the household by vomiting, during the eveniing, some of the food taken at his dinner.TlZ doctor is summoned in the morning, finds his patient with a temperature aiid a dirty tongue, drowsy, irritable, and still refusing food.In the cou7rse of the next few days recovery takes place.The picture varies enormously, depending oni the underlying catuse, anld on the particular child.Thus the child may slhow a very slight disturbance and be niauseated only.Again, the vomiting may be profuse, the bowels may be obstiniately constipated with pale motions, or there may be profuse diarrhoea.The coiiu-non causes of gastric attacks are, in my opinion, (a) infections in the alimentary tract or elsewhere; (b) dietetic errors; (c) overexertion anid excitement.There seems nio doubt that the first is far and away the commonest. Infections.The so-called cyclical vomiting attacks (to be discussed later), w-here the condition recurs over anid over again at more or less regular intervals, may be closely simiiulated by recurrent tonsillar infections.Thus a smiall child with acute tonsillitis may make no complainit, but refuse its food, become feverish, drowsy, irritable, and through the presence of acetone bodies, formed as a result of the in-fec-
Radiographic detection of intrabronchial malpositions of nasogastric tubes and subsequent complications in intensive care unit patients
Authors: A. A. Bankier, M. N. Wiesmayr, C. Henk, K. Turetschek, F. Winkelbauer, R. Mallek, D. Fleischmann, K. Janata, C. J. Herold
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1997)
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke as predisposition factors to acute respiratory infections.
Authors: W Jedrychowski, E Flak
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

This study compared susceptibility to respiratory morbidity in a cohort of 9-year-old children exposed congenitally and postnatally to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) to susceptibility in a cohort of unexposed children. The epidemiologic study included 1129 children: 594 boys and 535 girls attending the second grade of grammar schools in Kraków, Poland. We found strong evidence that children exposed to ETS in their homes were more susceptible to acute respiratory tract illnesses than unexposed children. A dose-response relationship between degree of exposure [for lower ETS exposure, odds ratio (OR) = 1.32; for higher ETS exposure, OR = 1.74] supports a causal explanation for the association observed. The significant trend of increased risk of respiratory infections due to ETS level in nonatopic children whose mothers did not smoke cigarettes during pregnancy suggests a direct effect of ETS exposure on the child's respiratory health. ETS combined with allergy nearly tripled the risk of acute respiratory tract illness (OR = 3.39; 95% CI, 1.93-5.93), and maternal smoking during pregnancy had a modifying effect on the risk of respiratory illnesses due to ETS after accounting for atopy. The stronger effect of ETS in atopic children and in those whose mothers smoked during pregnancy may be result of biologic interaction of endogenous and environmental factors. The results of this study are of relevance to public health policy, as children with higher risk of respiratory infections may be more susceptible to environmental hazards later in adolescence or in adulthood. Respiratory infections also increase demands for medical interventions in terms of outpatient services and hospital administrations. In addition, respiratory illnesses cause missed school days, and caring for a sick child may lead to absenteeism from work.
Heat stroke in a "run for fun".
Authors: M R Nicholson, K W Somerville
Journal: BMJ (1978)

no support to the concept that a high-fibre diet is of value in maintaining clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis, although this does not exclude its value in patients who are particularly apt to develop rolonic obstruction with recurrence of disease activity.Most c. our patients tolerated the diet and at the end of the study many sa.d that they wished to continue with it in addition to sulphasalazine.
Hypertrichosis in PUVA-treated patients
Authors: F.H.J. RAMPEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Fifteen out of twenty-three female patients (65%) receiving PUVA therapy showed signs of moderate to severe hypertrichosis. Only two out of fourteen patients (14%) on UV-A therapy without systemic psoralens developed hypertrichosis. We conclude that hypertrichosis may develop in many patients treated with photochemotherapy.
Failure of a slow channel calcium antagonist, verapamil, to retard atherosclerosis in the watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit: An animal model of familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Gregory D. Tilton, L. Maximilian Buja, David W. Bilheimer, Phillip Apprill, Juliet Ashton, Janice McNatt, Toru Kita, James T. Willerson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1985)
A Placebo-Controlled 3-Year Study of a Calcium Blocker on Visual Field and Ocular Circulation in Glaucoma with Low-Normal Pressure
Authors: Nobuyuki Koseki, Makoto Araie, Atsuo Tomidokoro, Miyuki Nagahara, Tomoyuki Hasegawa, Yasuhiro Tamaki, Seiichiro Yamamoto
Journal: Ophthalmology (2008)
Mortgaging the Earth
Authors: D Logie
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Bruce Rich Earthscan, £14.95, pp 376 ISBN 1-85383-221-8

This summer marks the 50th anniversary of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, two of the century's quintessential institutions, founded at Bretton Woods in New Hampshire in 1944 in the wake of economic collapse during the second world war. Their aim was to encourage global economic growth, smooth out financial fluctuations, and finance international relief. Bruch Rich of the US Environmental Defense Fund finds no cause for celebration. In Mortgaging the Earth he harshly criticises the social and environmental effects of many of the World Bank's projects and views this …
Bone Scintigraphy in Children With Cat Scratch Disease
Authors: Gilda Donoso, Cesar Paulsen, Paulina Riquelme, Gabriel Lobo, Daniela Gutierrez, Andrés Perez, César Jiménez
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the degree and incidence of bone involvement in patients with cat scratch disease.Patients admitted between 2004 and 2011 at the pediatric department for cat scratch disease and a positive serology for Bartonella henselae were identified. Only those having undergone a bone scintigraphy (BS) were included in this retrospective study.Sixteen girls and 8 boys with a mean age of 7 years were studied. Bone scintigraphy was positive in 6 (25%), but only 2 had bone pain. Axial involvement was present in all 6 patients, and appendicular lesions in 3 of them. Three patients had a BS control, with improvement or normalization after treatment with antibiotics.Bone involvement occurs infrequently in patients with cat scratch disease and is not always associated with specific signs. Cat scratch disease must be suspected in patients with fever of unknown origin presenting multifocal lesions on BS.
Critical event audit
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2001)

I noticed the previous evening that she wasn't her usual lively self, but it was still a shock to discover her curled up, stiff and cold, the next morning. The children immediately attempted post hoc resuscitation by generously refilling her food tray. But to an experienced eye, there was no denying the clinical reality. Smokey Bin Hamster was no more.

Their next reaction was to stage a cover up. Don't tell the cleaner, they insisted. Their ill formed plan was to leave the …
Factors determining outcome in children with chronic constipation and faecal soiling.
Authors: V Loening-Baucke
Journal: Gut (1989)

To evaluate factors which might contribute to treatment failure in children with chronic constipation and soiling, we evaluated the history, physical findings, defecation dynamics, and anorectal function in 97 patients. We treated them with milk of magnesia, high fibre diet, and bowel training techniques and evaluated outcome at one year when 43% had recovered. Recovery rates were similar for boys and girls. Fifty seven per cent of the patients had not recovered. This group at the outset had more frequent soiling episodes, more severe constipation, were less likely to defecate water filled rectal balloons and to relax the external sphincter during defecation. In general girls had more severe constipation, abdominal pain, and a previous urinary tract infection than boys. Girls were more compliant during treatment and had less frequent soiling episodes at one year. Stepwise logistic regression showed that severe constipation, abnormal contraction of the external sphincter and pelvic floor during attempted defecation, and inability to defecate the 100 ml balloon in less than or equal to 1 min was significantly related to treatment failure. Defecation of smaller balloons, volumes for threshold of rectal sensation, critical volume and rectal contraction, and compliance with treatment could not predict treatment failure.
Reply to Christopher B. Bunker’s Letter to the Editor re: Sanjay Kulkarni, Guido Barbagli, Deepak Kirpekar, et al. Lichen Sclerosus of the Male Genitalia and Urethra: Surgical Options and Results in a Multicenter International Experience with 215 Patients. Eur Urol 2009;55:945–56
Authors: Sanjay Kulkarni, Guido Barbagli, Deepak Kirpekar, Francesco Mirri, Massimo Lazzeri
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Better Primary Care? — Medicine and the Media — Nurses Reject Strike Action
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

PERHAPS the most important and characteristic feature of the British National Health Service is that every citizen is entitled to registration with a general practitioner or family physician who assumes a continuing responsibility for his primary medical care.In recent years strenuous efforts have been made, both by the medical profession and by successive governments, to raise the quality of primary-care services. The profession itself was responsible for founding the Royal College of General Practitioners, which has done much to raise the educational standards in general practice. At the same time, government has encouraged the development of group practices and . . .
Different response of the rat left and right heart to norepinephrine
Authors: M. Irlbeck, O. Muhling, T. Iwai, H.-G. Zimmer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

The in vivo hemodynamic and morphologic responses of the rat left (LV) and right (RV) ventricle to continuous long-term i.v. infusion of norepinephrine (NE) at different dosages and for different durations of infusion were studied. Female Sprague-Dawley rats received continuous intravenous infusion of norepinephrine from infors syringe pumps for 24, 48 and 72 h at a dose of 200 mu g center dot kg-1 x h-1. Furthermore, NE was infused for 72 h at dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mu g center dot kg-1 x h-1. The beta-adrenergic blocker and vasodilator with alpha1-blocking activity carvedilol (0.5 mg x kg-1 x h-1) was coinfused with NE for 72 h. The hemodynamic effects were measured on intact, anesthetized rats with special Millar ultraminiature pressure tip catheters, and the weights of the left and right ventricles were measured. NE increased heart rate at any time or dose, whereas cardiac output and total peripheral resistance remained unchanged. LV and RV dP/dtmax were nearly doubled as compared to control values and RVSP was elevated by more than 100%. The effect of NE on LVSP was much less pronounced (< 20%) and only significant at 50 mu g x kg-1 x h-1 for 72 h. Neither LV nor RV end-diastolic pressures were elevated, indicating that cardiac failure had not occurred. The LV developed hypertrophy with an increase of the ventricular weight/body weight ratio (LVW/BW) of 22% even after only 2 days of NE (200 mu g x kg-1 center dot h-1). The RV showed no hypertrophy at any time of the experiments. The NE-induced changes in HR, dP/dtmax, RVSP and LVW/BW were completely prevented by the coinfusion of carvedilol. These studies show that the hemodynamic responses to continuous infusion of NE are more pronounced in the RV than in the LV. Conversely, NE induced hypertrophy only in the LV, not in the RV. The hemodynamic effects of chronic NE infusion did not change significantly between 1 and 3 days of infusion. The in vivo responses to exogenous NE therefore were unaffected by adaptive effects such as downregulation of adrenergic receptors.
Do malignant melanoma cells arise from the hair follicle?
Authors: Joanne K. Tobacman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Do malignant melanoma cells arise from the hair follicle? Get access Joanne K. Tobacman, M.D. Joanne K. Tobacman, M.D. Medical Division, Geico, Geico Plaza, Washington, D.C. 20076, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 112, Issue 6, 1 June 1985, Pages 727–728, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02346.x Published: 01 June 1985
Setting the RECORD Straight
Authors: Steven E. Nissen
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HIV disease and the gastroenterologist.
Authors: B G Gazzard
Journal: Gut (1988)

Leading articleHIV disease and the gastroenterologist HIV disease and the gastroenterologist There are a number of urgent problems facing gastroenterologists in relationship to the epidemic caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).First, an assessment of the scale of the problem; second, the recognition and treatment of gut related HIV problems and third, the impact that HIV infection has on endoscopic techniques.The epidemic of HIV disease in the United Kingdom at present is patchy and most gastroenterologists have not yet seen their first case.Over the next few years it is likely that we shall all see large numbers of such patients and will need to give advice not just on the gastroenterological complications, but also on general medical manifestations and on the changes in lifestyle necessary to improve health and reduce the risks of cross infection.Although HIV disease has produced a global pandemic of tragic proportions, it is also a fascinating condition offering potential insights into a range of gut disease, including the influence of gut immunity on infection, the subtle interplay of host resistance and virulence of organisms and the mechanism and production of diarrhoea and weight loss.These fundamental problems have not yet been addressed and remain a rewarding area for research.
Review of Problem Solving in Clinical Medicine
Authors: PETER G. TUTEUR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1986Review of Problem Solving in Clinical MedicinePETER G. TUTEUR, M.D.PETER G. TUTEUR, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-2-289_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his recent review of Paul Culter's text,Problem Solving in Clinical Medicine(1), Dr. Barondess (2) seems to have missed the point. Cutler expands the implications of the book's title when he states that the text serves "as a model for teaching students how to think—to learn—then think again." Dr. Barondess seems to imply thatProblem Solving in Clinical Medicinedeteriorates into a discourse on the tricks of the trade without sufficient focus on substance and pathophysiology. Cutler acknowledges the importance of pathophysiology but underscores the "pragmatics of practice" by showing the effect of scholarly study...References1. CUTLER P. Problem Solving in Clinical Medicine: From Data to Diagnosis. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1985. Google Scholar2. BARONDESS J. Review of Problem Solving in Clinical Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:484-5. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1986Volume 104, Issue 2Page: 289-289KeywordsProblem solving Issue Published: 1 February 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reduced sensitivity of the hepatic adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP system to glucagon during sustained hormonal stimulation.
Authors: F R DeRubertis, P Craven
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Hormone-induced desensitization of hormonal regulation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) content has been described in a number of tissues. In the present study, we examined responses of rat liver to glucagon after periods of sustained exposure to the hormone in vivo and in vitro. In intact anesthetized rats infused with glucagon (50 ng/min) for 1 h or more and in liver slices incubated with the hormone (10 muM) for this period, hepatic cAMP responsiveness to glucagon was significantly blunted compared with that of tissue exposed to the hormone for shorter periods. The reduction in hepatic cAMP responsiveness to glucagon appeared to be fully expressed by 2 h. With the doses of hormone employed, the sequential alterations in hepatic responsiveness seemed to be limited to the cAMP system, since other parameters of glucagon action did not wane with time. Diminished hepatic cAMP responsiveness during sustained hormonal exposure could not be attributed to decreased glucagon availability, accelerated extracellular release of cAMP, hepatic ATP depletion, or enhanced phosphodiesterase activity. Studies in vitro suggested that modulation of the cAMP response occurred at the level of adenylate cyclase (AC). During sustained exposure of hepatic slices to glucagon, reductions in glucagon-responsive AC correlated temporally with those in cAMP and both changes were reversible. Alterations in glucagon-responsive AC were demonstrated over a wide range of ATP (10 muM-0.1 mM) and glucagon (10 nM-5 MM) concentrations in the cyclase reaction mixture, and appeared to be a noncompetitive phenomenon relative to glucagon. Maximal NaF-responsive AC did not fall concomitantly with time. Thus, the reduction in glucagon-responsive AC was probably not related to a reduction in the catalytic unit of the enzyme, but could have been due to an alteration in glucagon binding to its receptor sites, or in the coupling mechanism involved in transmission of the hormonal signal to the catalytic unit.
Effect of screening on cervical cancer mortality in England and Wales: analysis of trends with an age period cohort model
Authors: P. Sasieni, J. Adams
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The number of women dying from cervical cancer in 1997 was 7% lower than in 1996 and has fallen by over 25% since 1992.1 Such rapid change must be at least partly due to cervical screening, although strong cohort effects have caused large fluctuations in cervical mortality in the past.2 We modelled mortality data, taking into account the effects of age and year of birth and looking for trends in time within four age groups to estimate the beneficial effects of cervical screening.

We obtained mortality data, in 5 year age bands, from death registrations in England and Wales and calculated rates using mid-year population estimates. Mortality since 1993 was adjusted upwards by 4% because of changes in classification of cause of death.3

We modelled the data assuming that the age specific mortality is the product of a smoothly varying age effect, birth cohort effect, and age dependent …
Pressure-independent cardiac hypertrophy in mice with cardiomyocyte-restricted inactivation of the atrial natriuretic peptide receptor guanylyl cyclase-A
Authors: Rita Holtwick, Martin van Eickels, Boris V. Skryabin, Hideo A. Baba, Alexander Bubikat, Frank Begrow, Michael D. Schneider, David L. Garbers, Michaela Kuhn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Cardiac hypertrophy is a common and often lethal complication of arterial hypertension. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been postulated to exert local antihypertrophic effects in the heart. Thus, a loss of function of the ANP receptor guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) might contribute to the increased propensity to cardiac hypertrophy, although a causative role in vivo has not been definitively demonstrated. To test whether local ANP modulates cardiomyocyte growth, we inactivated the GC-A gene selectively in cardiomyocytes by homologous loxP/Cre-mediated recombination. Thereby we have circumvented the systemic, hypertensive phenotype associated with germline inactivation of GC-A. Mice with cardiomyocyte-restricted GC-A deletion exhibited mild cardiac hypertrophy, markedly increased mRNA expression of cardiac hypertrophy markers such as ANP (fivefold), α-skeletal actin (1.7-fold), and β-myosin heavy chain (twofold), and increased systemic circulating ANP levels. Their blood pressure was 7–10 mmHg below normal, probably because of the elevated systemic levels and endocrine actions of ANP. Furthermore, cardiac hypertrophic responses to aortic constriction were enhanced and accompanied by marked deterioration of cardiac function. This phenotype is consistent with a local function of the ANP/GC-A system to moderate the molecular program of cardiac hypertrophy.