tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health department admits to NHS funding crisis
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Britain's new Labour government has inherited a looming financial crisis in the NHS, with the Department of Health predicting that some parts of the service are on the brink of collapse.

Internal briefings prepared for the new health secretary, Frank Dobson, point to a shortfall in current funding so serious that it will have to be addressed by the Cabinet in the context of the summer Budget being prepared by the chancellor of the exchequer, Gordon Brown.

This could …
Febrile Response to Whirlpool Bath Treatments
Authors: David A. Birnbaum
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  I was surprised by the letter from Greenberg et al (238:1912, 1977) describing a patient experiencing a febrile response to whirlpool bath treatments. Unable to document bacteremia, they suggested the possibility of a toxin or perhaps a transient bacteremia that was missed. They apparently overlooked the povidone-iodine in the whirlpool water.  Harvey 1 describes a hypersensitivity reaction to moderate amounts of iodine applied to the skin. Symptoms include fever, severe constitutional reaction, and generalized skin eruption. It is possible that a burn patient would be more susceptible to the low concentrations of povidone-iodine present in whirlpool water, resulting in a transient febrile reaction.
Donor CTLA-4 +49 A/G*GG genotype is associated with chronic GVHD after HLA-identical haematopoietic stem-cell transplantations
Authors: Mariam Azarian, Marc Busson, Virginia Lepage, Dominique Charron, Antoine Toubert, Pascale Loiseau, Regis Peffault de Latour, Vanderson Rocha, Gerard Socié
Journal: Blood (2007)
RENAL DECAPSULATION FOR CHRONIC PARENCHYMATOUS NEPHRITIS
Authors: F. Kidd
Journal: BMJ (1921)

In the early years of the present century this subject was "in the air," as a result of the writings of-Edebohls of New York.At that time I was able to observe the results of stpping the capsule of the kidney in several cases of chronic nephritis.For some reason or other the results were not promising, and when one came to consider Bdebohls's book, many of th cases quoted in the book did not appear to fit in with the conception of chronic nephritis as usually understood in England.At that time, there.fore, I came to the conclusion that there was very little promise in stripping the kidneys for chronic nephritis.In 1916 1 had my attontion called to this subject by the Jat that I was called in to e the children of two doctors suffering from chroni nephritis.The doctors urged me to strip the kideys.Not having had favourable experience *of this measue I could not socede to this request, but I began to look up the recent literature again, and noted that favourable cases had been reported from time to time.I asked some of my medical colleaguea to allow me to try ,te operation once more upon patients at the London Hital.As a result, Dr.
Voluntary Service — Hypochondria, the Layman's Specialty — Dr. Joseph Garland
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

BY the premature death of Mr. Iain Macleod in 1970, British politics and public life was deprived of an outstanding figure. In his biography just published Mr. Nigel Fisher, M.P., devotes a chapter to the period that Mr. Macleod spent as minister of health from 1952 to 1955. In view of present developments within the National Health Service this book makes particularly interesting reading. At the time Macleod took office the National Health Service had been in operation for less than five years, and, even then, lack of money was the dominant and inescapable limitation on development; then as now, . . .
Urea for long-term treatment of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.
Authors: G Decaux, F Genette
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The efficacy of oral urea in producing a sufficiently high osmotic diuresis was tested in seven patients with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. In all patients urea corrected the hyponatraemia despite a normal fluid intake. Five patients were controlled (serum sodium concentration greater than 128 mmol(mEq)/1) with a dose of 30 g urea daily, and two with 60 g daily. The patients who needed 30 g drank 1-2 1 of fluid daily, while those who needed 60 g drank up to 3.1 per day. No major side effects were noted, even after treatment periods of up to 270 days. These findings suggest that urea is a safe and efficacious treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.
Loading Dose and Monitoring of Warfarin Therapy
Authors: Valery A. Portnoi
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the Questions and Answers on loading dose of warfarin, Dr Lamb<sup>1</sup>correctly advises against the loading dose since it is clinically unwarranted and potentially hazardous because of increased risk of hemorrhage. This recommendation is consistent with the current scientific data. The literature also supports the author's second recommendation to initiate monitoring using the international normalized ratio (INR) and to institute daily adjustment of warfarin dosage immediately after the therapy is begun. However, the latter recommendation appears to conflict with the pharmocodynamics of warfarin therapy, which was briefly but well described by the author. During the first 72 to 96 hours after initiation of warfarin therapy, INR reflects the suppression of factor VII (half-life 6 hours) only, but not more important homeostatic factors VI, IX, and X, which have longer half-lives.<sup>2</sup>In addition, initiation of warfarin therapy even with a maintenance dose is not completely
You Are Where You Live: The Interrelationship of Air Pollution, Address, and Walkability
Authors: Tanya Tillett
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Greenhouse gas emissions are widely acknowledged to be contributing to climate change-related health effects that vary by location, and are expected to continue doing so for many years, even if substantial emission cuts occur.A workgroup of the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists has identified a set of indicators that it says will allow national and local officials in the United States to better predict any such changes and consequences and to take appropriate action as it becomes warranted [EHP 117:1673-1681; English et al.].The team also identified the data needed for tracking these indicators and ascertained whether the data exist, must be improved, or must be generated.They say this is the first effort to synthesize and evaluate related information published by many sources.The team determined the best indicators of environmental changes due to climate change are quantity of greenhouse gas emissions, air quality (in particular ozone), air mass stagnation events (such as those caused by temperature inversions), temperature and humidity, pollen loads, ragweed occurrence, drought incidence, drinking water scarcity, and occurrence of wildfires and harmful algal blooms.Data for some of these indicators are strong and/or expected to improve soon, as in the case of greenhouse gases, temperature, air mass stagnation events, and drought.Data on other indicators, such as pollen, harmful algal blooms, and ozone, require substantial improvement.For indicators of human death and illness, the authors recommend tracking
Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: A. Keith Stewart, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Tamás Masszi, Ivan Špička, Albert Oriol, Roman Hájek, Laura Rosiñol, David S. Siegel, Georgi G. Mihaylov, Vesselina Goranova-Marinova, Péter Rajnics, Aleksandr Suvorov, Ruben Niesvizky, Andrzej J. Jakubowiak, Jesus F. San-Miguel, Heinz Ludwig, Michael Wang, Vladimír Maisnar, Jiri Minarik, William I. Bensinger, Maria-Victoria Mateos, Dina Ben-Yehuda, Vishal Kukreti, Naseem Zojwalla, Margaret E. Tonda, Xinqun Yang, Biao Xing, Philippe Moreau, Antonio Palumbo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone is a reference treatment for relapsed multiple myeloma. The combination of the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone has shown efficacy in a phase 1 and 2 study in relapsed multiple myeloma.
Surival and prognostic factors in 212 Italian patients with genetic hemochromatosis
Authors: Silvia Fargion, Clara Mandelli, Alberto Piperno, Bruno Cesana, Anna L. Fracanzani, Mirella Fraquelli, Paolo A. Bianchi, Gemino Fiorelli, Dario Conte
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Two hundred twelve Italian patients with genetic hemochromatosis (181 men, mean age 50 +/- 11 yr; and 31 women, mean age 49 +/- 10 yr) were followed for a median period of 44 mo (range = 3 to 218 mo). Alcohol abuse was present in 31 subjects (15%), and chronic HBV and HCV infection were seen in 19 (9%) and 35 (24%) of 145 cases tested, respectively. Twenty-four patients (11%) had concomitant beta-thalassemia trait. Liver biopsy revealed cirrhosis in 146 and a noncirrhotic pattern in the other 66. Perls' stain was degree III in 37 patients and IV in 171 patients. One hundred eighty-five patients underwent weekly venesection, and iron depletion was achieved in 122 cases after total iron removal of 3 to 41 gm. Death occurred in 44 patients after 3 to 198 mo and was due to hepatocellular carcinoma in 20 cases, liver failure in 10, extrahepatic cancer in six, heart failure in three and hemochromatosis unrelated causes in five. Cancer has developed in seven other patients still alive (hepatocellular in five and extrahepatic in two). No deaths were observed among noncirrhotic patients; cumulative survival rates in cirrhotic patients were 85%, 75%, 60% and 47% at 3, 5, 8 and 10 yr, respectively. Univariate analysis in the 146 cirrhotic patients showed that age greater than 60 yr, alcohol abuse, cardiomyopathy, skin pigmentation, portal hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, hypergammaglobulinemia and Child class B or C had significant negative prognostic value. At multivariate analysis, only alcohol abuse, gamma-globulins greater than 2.0 gm/dl and Child class B or C maintained their negative prognostic values (p less than 0.01, hazard ratio 2.7; p less than 0.001, hazard ratio 2.8; and p less than 0.001, hazard ratio 4.3, respectively).
The nature of the immunoglobulin G on the surface of B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Authors: F K Stevenson, T J Hamblin, G T Stevenson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

The nature of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G found associated with the neoplastic B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia that also express Igm and IgD had been investigated by absorption studies using anti-idiotypic antibodies raised against cell surface IgM from five patients. In all five cases, although cellular IgM and IgD behaved as idiotypic, the IgG did not. Thus the IgG frequently found associated with lymphocytes at this stage of differentiation is likely, at least in many cases, to be of extrinsic origin.
Emergency admissions for diabetes fall by almost 7% in integrated care pilot scheme
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Half of the efficiency savings needed to be made in London to help meet the £20bn national NHS target could be made through the integrated care of patients with long term conditions, a pilot study has indicated.

Early findings of the North West London Integrated Care Pilot, which covers a population of 550 000 and provides care to patients with diabetes and frail elderly people, were reported at a conference on high quality healthcare organised by the think tank Reform in London on 16 May.

Hannah Farrah, director of strategy and commissioning development at NHS London, described previous attempts at integrated care in London as “cottage industries.” She said, “We didn’t think that they were having the impact that they really need to have if you are going to change that demand curve of acute services.”

In the northwest London pilot GPs ensure that patients with diabetes …
Research Increasingly Focuses on Possible Genetic Factors in Complex Problem of Alcohol Abuse
Authors: Timothy F. Kirn
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE NATIONAL Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) has put the call out for a long-term, multicenter study of families of alcoholics. The Rockville (Md)—based institute envisions the study as a collaborative effort among alcohol researchers, molecular biologists, and geneticists. Such a study may be the only way to answer some of alcoholism's enduring questions, particularly those centering on genetic aspects. Although there are some dissenters from mainstream opinion, the consensus is that alcoholism is a heritable disease with some basis in physiology. "The evidence is overwhelming," says Enoch Gordis, MD, director of the NIAAA. But, where observations have been made, the individual roles played by nature and by nurture have not been sorted out, and questions about which specific conditions are caused by alcohol abuse ("state") vs which are the cause of abuse ("trait") remain. <h3>Genetic Evidence Just Emerging</h3> Studies during this century have established that children in
Abstract 1891: Cigarette smoking and incident colorectal cancer by KRAS mutation status in a population-based cohort of older women
Authors: Niloy Jewel Samadder, Robert A. Vierkant, Alice Wang, Lori S. Tillmans, Charles F. Lynch, Kristin E. Anderson, Robert W. Haile, Lisa J. Harnack, John D. Potter, Susan L. Slager, Thomas C. Smyrk, Stephen N. Thibodeau, James R. Cerhan, Paul Limburg
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking (CS) is an established, although relatively modest, colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factor. Emerging data suggest that CS might affect distinct pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis. In this study, we examined CS-associated CRC risks by KRAS mutation status in the population-based Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS). Methods: The IIWHS recruited 41,836 randomly selected Iowa women, ages 55-69 years, with a valid driver's license at study entry (1986). CS and other exposure variables were assessed at baseline, by self-report. Incident CRC cases were ascertained by annual linkage with the Iowa Cancer Registry. Archived, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were collected from 732 representative CRC cases diagnosed through 12/31/2002. CS was categorized by smoking status (current, former), average number of cigarettes per day (1-19, 20-39, &amp;gt; 40) and pack-years (1-19, 20-39, &amp;gt; 40); never smokers were defined as the reference group. KRAS mutation status (wildtype [wt] vs. mutated [mut]) was determined by direct sequence analysis of codons 12 and 13 (exon 2). Multivariate Cox regression models were fit to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Of the 732 available CRC cases, 507 (69%) had complete CS and KRAS data. Each of the CS-related variables was more strongly associated with KRAS-wt vs. KRAS-mut tumors (see Table). However, event rates were relatively small in some cells, and tests for heterogeneity between KRAS-defined subtypes were not statistically significant (p &amp;gt; 0.05 for each comparison). Conclusions: These findings suggest that CS may affect colorectal carcinogenesis through KRAS-independent pathways, but additional data are needed from larger, more diverse study populations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1891. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1891
AIMS OF DIVISION OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE OF NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Authors: LELAND E. COFER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Perhaps no one will dispute the statement that activity within the limits of good health is, in the long run, economically productive, and that activity outside these confines is not only unsatisfactory but tends to ill health and inferior or expensive production. In the state of New York, there are sanitary and hygienic laws governing the conduct of industry, which are designed to protect both the employer and the employee. These laws are administered by the state labor department through several bureaus and divisions, not the least important of which is the Division of Industrial Hygiene. Although an enormous amount of research has been made into both the hygienic and the medical problems which have been introduced by industrial conditions and processes, and although much more remains to be done along these lines, certain points are becoming clear. For example, atmospheric conditions have been found to be of first importance;
Alexithymia in Chronic Bronchitis/Emphysema: Personality Characteristics and Illness Attitudes
Authors: Robert J. Feiguine, Nelson F. Jones
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

Personality characteristics and illness attitudes of alexithymic and nonalexithymic chronic bronchitis/emphysema patients were assessed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) along with supplementary scales and the Respiratory Illness Opinion Survey (RIOS). Two validity scales, three clinical scales and one supplementary scale from the MMPI along with one illness attitude category from the RIOS discriminated alexithymic and nonalexithymic patients. These findings are disparate from those observed in an asthmatic population and point to an interplay between illness type and alexithymia in terms of personality and illness attitudes.
Self-Study from Web-Based and Printed Guideline Material
Authors: Robert D. Blank
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters20 March 2001Self-Study from Web-Based and Printed Guideline MaterialRobert D. Blank, MD, PhDRobert D. Blank, MD, PhDUniversity of Wisconsin; Madison, WI 53792 (Blank)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-6-200103200-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Bell and colleagues (1) suggest that Web-based self-study materials are more efficient than printed materials. They note, however, that the residents participating in their study sought correct answers to questions most often, sought relevant guideline passages less often, and sought evidence supporting those guidelines least often. The authors rightly acknowledge the importance of understanding this behavior. I suggest that the existence of guidelines per se leads to passivity regarding review of the evidence.A published guideline indicates that a problem has been solved and the “best answer” is known. Moreover, the rationale underlying the publication of guidelines ...Reference1. Bell DS, Fonarow GC, Hays RD, Mangione CM. Self-study from Web-based and printed guideline materials. A randomized, controlled trial among resident physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:938-46. [PMID: 0010858176] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Wisconsin; Madison, WI 53792 (Blank) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSelf-Study from Web-Based and Printed Guideline Materials Douglas S. Bell , Gregg C. Fonarow , Ron D. Hays , and Carol M. Mangione Self-Study from Web-Based and Printed Guideline Material Douglas S. Bell , Gregg C. Fonarow , and Carol M. Mangione Metrics 20 March 2001Volume 134, Issue 6Page: 534KeywordsAlgorithmsBehaviorMedical education ePublished: 20 March 2001 Issue Published: 20 March 2001 CopyrightCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Survival and Quality of Life among Patients Receiving Unproven as Compared with Conventional Cancer Therapy
Authors: Barrie R. Cassileth, Edward J. Lusk, DuPont Guerry, Alicia D. Blake, William P. Walsh, Lauren Kascius, Delray J. Schultz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Cancer treatments without proved efficacy have achieved new levels of popularity, particularly among well-educated patients. The value of these therapies is vigorously debated.
[325] CALCINEURIN INHIBITORS MAY BE INVOLVED IN FIBROGENESIS VIA DIRECT, AUTOCRINE EFFECTS ON STELLATE CELLS, AS WELL AS VIA THE INDUCTION OF SECOND MESSENGERS FROM HEPATOCYTES
Authors: S. Grazioli, R. Minisini, L. Franzosi, L. Sala, M. Burlone, C. Fabris, P. Toniutto, F. Caldera, M. Pirisi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Reduced epidermal growth factor receptor expression in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and Tabby mice.
Authors: G A Vargas, E Fantino, C George-Nascimento, J J Gargus, H T Haigler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and Tabby (Ta) mice lack sweat glands and there is compelling evidence that these phenotypes are caused by mutations in the same highly conserved but unidentified X-linked gene. Previous studies showed that exogenous epidermal growth factor (EGF) reversed the Ta phenotype but the EGF status in HED patients has not been studied at all. Studies reported herein investigated the hypothesis that the EGF signaling pathway is involved in HED/Ta. Fibroblasts from HED patients had a two- to eightfold decrease in binding capacity for (125)I-labeled EGF, a decreased expression of the immunoreactive 170-kD EGF receptor (EGFR) protein, and a corresponding reduction in EGFR mRNA. Reduced expression of the EGFR also was observed in Ta fibroblasts and liver membranes. Other aspects of the EGF signaling pathway, including EGF concentration in urine and plasma, were normal in both HED patients and Ta mice. We propose that a decreased expression of the EGFR plays a causal role in the HED/Ta phenotype.
Sport Parachuting and Sky Diving
Authors: D. L. Litchfield
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the communication by Drs. Ryan and Thomas "Sport Parachuting and Sky Diving" (<b>194</b>:259, 1965) the statement is made "If malfunction occurs, he should immediately activate his reserve parachute, since his rate of fall will continue to accelerate...." This is a very misleading statement and serious injury could result from following such advice. Obviously, with a complete streamer the reserve must be activated; however, other more common malfunctions of the main chute do not necessarily require activation of the reserve. In the case of torn panels resulting from packing a wet parachute, the rate of fall may not increase appreciably and activation of the reserve under these circumstances may result in entanglement of the reserve chute on the shroud line of the main. Additionally, the same situation could apply to a "Mae West" occurring in the main chute. The jumper must decide whether it is safer
Rhinolalia as a presenting sign of pneumomediastinum complicating post peripheral blood stem cell transplantation bronchiolitis obliterans
Authors: M. Bitan, I.B. Resnick, R. Or, A. Rokach, U. Laxer, A. Ackerstein, S. Elad, S. Slavin, M.Y. Shapira
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract A 26‐year‐old male with graft vs. host disease (GVHD) presented with rhinolalia (a squeaky voice of nasal quality) as a presenting sign for pneumonasopharynx and pneumomediastinum secondary to bronchiolitis obliterans. The patient underwent HLA‐identical related peripheral blood stem cells transplantation 8 months before the diagnosis. Three weeks after transplantation he began to suffer from GVHD Grade III that involved the gut, liver, and skin and later on the lungs. Due to severe obstructive bronchiolitis obliterans the patient developed intensive cough evolving into pneumomediastinum and pneumonasopharynx with rhinolalia. The patient was treated conservatively with complete resolution. Although rare, pneumomediastinum and pneumonasopharynx can be a life‐threatening event, and one should be aware of the signs and symptoms on physical examination, which may be as subtle as rhinolalia alone. Am. J. Hematol. 74:182–186, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.