tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Answering the Call from ASBH's Second Edition of<i>Core Competencies in Ethics Consultation</i>
Authors: Ron Hamel, John Paul Slosar, Mark Repenshek
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

"Answering the Call from ASBH's Second Edition of Core Competencies in Ethics Consultation ." The American Journal of Bioethics, 13(2), pp. 18–19
Nasal Foreign Bodies and Bromidrosis
Authors: Richard J. Feinstein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In 1965, Golding<sup>1</sup>reported a case of an 18-month-old boy who had an obnoxious body odor. The child was well in all other respects, except for the odor and a slight unilateral nasal discharge. An examination of the nose disclosed a fetid piece of the child's blanket, which was lodged in the nasopharynx. When this purulent foreign body was removed, the child's odor disappeared and did not return. Recently, Katz et al (241:1496, 1979) reported three similar cases inThe Journal. <h3>Report of a Case. —</h3> A 2 1/2-year-old child was brought to my office because of severe problem with body odor. The odor had been present for eight weeks and had been constant. Her mother was forced to remove the child from a nursery school because the teacher and other students objected to her smell. Even the girl's mother could not stand to be near
A False-Positive Scan for Testicular Torsion and False-Negative Scan for Epididymitis
Authors: ANDREW S. ROSENSON, AMJAD ALI, ERNEST W. FORDHAM, ANTHONY CHAVIANO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

A 17-year-old boy underwent a radionuclide scan for testicular torsion. The scan demonstrated a cold defect with a warm ring, indicating a “missed” testicular torsion. Operative findings, however, demonstrated epididymitis. A false-positive radionuclide study is described in a patient with epididymitis and the literature of scintigraphy in testicular torsion is reviewed.
Isolated Atrial Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Lone Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Emmanuel I. Skalidis, Michalis I. Hamilos, Ioannis K. Karalis, Gregory Chlouverakis, George E. Kochiadakis, Panos E. Vardas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
LACK OF PHENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES BY CMRI IN THE TWO MOST COMMON SARCOMERE PROTEIN GENE MUTATIONS IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Christiane Gruner, Raymond Chan, Evan Appelbaum, Ethan Rowin, Melanie Care, Lynne Williams, Michael Gibson, John Lesser, Tammy Haas, James Udelson, Warren Manning, Benedetta Tomberli, Iacopo Olivotto, Barry Maron, Andrew Crean, Martin Maron, Harry Rakowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Self assessment and medical audit: an educational approach.
Authors: C. Coles
Journal: BMJ (1989)

In Britain a recent letter from the chief medical officer has advised against breast feeding for HIV positive women.,It gave no specific advice (beyond suggesting follow up counseling and testing) for women who were HIV negative but at risk.Yet these may be the group most likely to transmit HlV through breast feeding.Where wet nurses are used there is another problem.HIV hasbeen passed not only from a wet nurse to a child but also in the opposite direction.6In the Soviet Union seven breast feeding mothers seroconverted after their babies had been infected through reuse of injection equipment.All seven babieshad stomatitisand bleeding gums (V V Pokrovsky, E U Eramova, fifth international conference on AIDS, Montreal, 1981).As more mothers die and more babies receive infected transfusions, transmission to and from wet nurses may become important in the spread of HIV, especially in developing countries.Given that the risk of transmission through breast milk seems highest for babies whose mothers seroconvert after delivery, the small additional risk for the baby born to a mother with established HIV infection may be outweighed by the benefits of breast feeding.This is especially true in developing countries, where maternal antibodies are important in preventing neonatal infections.It must be the mother's decision whether or not to breast feed.The doctor's responsibility is to explain as fully as possible the current medical evidence and to discuss it in relation to each woman's social and medical circumstances.
Treatment of Unfavorable Childhood Hodgkin’s Disease With VEPA and Low-Dose, Involved-Field Radiation
Authors: Alison M. Friedmann, Melissa M. Hudson, Howard J. Weinstein, Sarah S. Donaldson, Larry Kun, Nancy J. Tarbell, Michael P. Link
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: Between January 1990 and April 1993, 56 pediatric patients with Hodgkin’s disease were treated on a single-arm trial at three institutions with a regimen designed to maintain high cure rates while minimizing the potential late effects of treatment, such as infertility, second malignant neoplasms, and cardiopulmonary injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The regimen used combined-modality therapy with six cycles of vinblastine, etoposide, prednisone, and doxorubicin (VEPA) chemotherapy and low-dose, involved-field radiation. Unfavorable features comprised bulky presentations of localized (stage I or II) disease or advanced (stage III or IV) Hodgkin’s disease. RESULTS: Of 56 patients enrolled, 26 (46%) had unfavorable presentations of stage I/II disease and 30 (54%) had advanced (stage III/IV) disease. Seventy-nine percent of the patients are alive without disease at a median follow-up time of 8.9 years from diagnosis. Nineteen patients had events at a median of 1.5 years (range, 0.4 to 7.9 years) from diagnosis; 17 patients relapsed, one died of cardiomyopathy, and one died of accidental injuries. Survival and event-free survival (EFS) estimates at 5 years for the entire cohort were 81.9% (SE, 5.2%) and 67.8% (SE, 6.3%), respectively. Five-year EFS by stage was 100% for stage I, 79.2% (SE, 8.3%) for stage II, 70% (SE, 14.5%) for stage III, and 49.5% (SE, 11.3%) for stage IV patients. CONCLUSION: Combined-modality therapy with VEPA chemotherapy and low-dose, involved-field radiation is adequate for disease control of early-stage patients with unfavorable features, but it is inferior to other standard regimens for advanced-stage patients.
Trace metals speciation by HPLC with plasma source mass spectrometry detection.
Authors: F A Byrdy, J A Caruso
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The analysis of environmental and biological samples often requires detection at the parts per billion (ppb) level. Plasma source mass spectrometry has potential as a method for the analysis and speciation of trace elements. This is due to the technique's highly selective nature and excellent sensitivity. In comparison to atomic emission detection, detection limits are usually two to three orders of magnitude lower for plasma MS determinations. Interfacing HPLC with plasma MS provides a means of separation that is necessary for speciation. Speciation involves the determination and quantitation of the various chemical forms of a particular element. A host of HPLC-ICP-MS techniques may be used to obtain this information. This brief report will focus on the most recent work in this area, with emphasis on the work done in our laboratory.
<i>PTEN</i> and <i>NF1</i> Inactivation in Schwann Cells Produces a Severe Phenotype in the Peripheral Nervous System That Promotes the Development and Malignant Progression of Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Authors: Vincent W. Keng, Eric P. Rahrmann, Adrienne L. Watson, Barbara R. Tschida, Christopher L. Moertel, Walter J. Jessen, Tilat A. Rizvi, Margaret H. Collins, Nancy Ratner, David A. Largaespada
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The genetic evolution from a benign neurofibroma to a malignant sarcoma in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) syndrome remains unclear. Schwann cells and/or their precursor cells are believed to be the primary pathogenic cell in neurofibromas because they harbor biallelic neurofibromin 1 (NF1) gene mutations. However, the phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) and neurofibromatosis 1 (Nf1) genes recently were found to be comutated in high-grade peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) in mice. In this study, we created transgenic mice that lack both Pten and Nf1 in Schwann cells and Schwann cell precursor cells to validate the role of these two genes in PNST formation in vivo. Haploinsufficiency or complete loss of Pten dramatically accelerated neurofibroma development and led to the development of higher grade PNSTs in the context of Nf1 loss. Pten dosage, together with Nf1 loss, was sufficient for the progression from low-grade to high-grade PNSTs. Genetic analysis of human malignant PNSTs (MPNST) also revealed downregulation of PTEN expression, suggesting that Pten-regulated pathways are major tumor-suppressive barriers to neurofibroma progression. Together, our findings establish a novel mouse model that can rapidly recapitulate the onset of human neurofibroma tumorigenesis and the progression to MPNSTs. Cancer Res; 72(13); 3405–13. ©2012 AACR.
Zinc-finger Nuclease-induced Gene Repair With Oligodeoxynucleotides: Wanted and Unwanted Target Locus Modifications
Authors: Sarah Radecke, Frank Radecke, Toni Cathomen, Klaus Schwarz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Correcting a mutated gene directly at its endogenous locus represents an alternative to gene therapy protocols based on viral vectors with their risk of insertional mutagenesis. When solely a single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ssODN) is used as a repair matrix, the efficiency of the targeted gene correction is low. However, as shown with the homing endonuclease I-SceI, ssODN-mediated gene correction can be enhanced by concomitantly inducing a DNA double-strand break (DSB) close to the mutation. Because I-SceI is hardly adjustable to cut at any desired position in the human genome, here, customizable zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) were used to stimulate ssODN-mediated repair of a mutated single-copy reporter locus stably integrated into human embryonic kidney-293 cells. The ZFNs induced faithful gene repair at a frequency of 0.16%. Six times more often, ZFN-induced DSBs were found to be modified by unfaithful addition of ssODN between the termini and about 60 times more often by nonhomologous end joining-related deletions and insertions. Additionally, ZFN off-target activity based on binding mismatch sites at the locus of interest was detected in in vitro cleavage assays and also in chromosomal DNA isolated from treated cells. Therefore, the specificity of ZFN-induced ssODN-mediated gene repair needs to be improved, especially regarding clinical applications. Correcting a mutated gene directly at its endogenous locus represents an alternative to gene therapy protocols based on viral vectors with their risk of insertional mutagenesis. When solely a single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ssODN) is used as a repair matrix, the efficiency of the targeted gene correction is low. However, as shown with the homing endonuclease I-SceI, ssODN-mediated gene correction can be enhanced by concomitantly inducing a DNA double-strand break (DSB) close to the mutation. Because I-SceI is hardly adjustable to cut at any desired position in the human genome, here, customizable zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) were used to stimulate ssODN-mediated repair of a mutated single-copy reporter locus stably integrated into human embryonic kidney-293 cells. The ZFNs induced faithful gene repair at a frequency of 0.16%. Six times more often, ZFN-induced DSBs were found to be modified by unfaithful addition of ssODN between the termini and about 60 times more often by nonhomologous end joining-related deletions and insertions. Additionally, ZFN off-target activity based on binding mismatch sites at the locus of interest was detected in in vitro cleavage assays and also in chromosomal DNA isolated from treated cells. Therefore, the specificity of ZFN-induced ssODN-mediated gene repair needs to be improved, especially regarding clinical applications.
Treatment of Anaerobic Pleuropulmonary and Soft-Tissue Infections
Authors: John L. Carpenter
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  The article by Goldstein et al (242:435, 1979) regarding the antibiotic therapy of anaerobic pleuropulmonary and soft-tissue infections indicated that erythromycin was a reasonable alternative to penicillin in the treatment of penicillin-allergic patients with anaerobic pulmonary infections. The majority of their patients with favorable outcomes had either empyemas, in which pleural drainage plays an important if not primary role, or soft-tissue infections. Only one of four patients with an anaerobic lung abscess or aspiration pneumonia had a complete cure, although two patients did have an initial response with subsequent relapse. We believe their data and our recent experience with the failure of erythromycin in two clinical anaerobic pulmonary abscesses do not presently support the use of this agent in the therapy for anaerobic pulmonary infections.  Report of Cases.—Case 1.—  A 43-year-old woman with a history of alcohol abuse was evaluated for malaise, a nonproductive cough,
Abstract 5571: Identification of autoantibody biomarkers in metastatic osteosarcoma using a high-density protein microarray approach
Authors: Yiting Li, Alexander Yu, Fatih Okcu, John Hicks, Murali Chintagumpala, Ching C. Lau, Tsz-Kwong Man
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. A leading cause of death in OS is the development of metastasis. Therefore, it is important to detect metastatic patients as early as possible, so these patients can be stratified and treated while the disease is still in its early stages and potentially curable. Autoantibodies represent a promising class of plasma proteins that can be used for the early detection of cancer. These immunoglobulins can recognize aberrant proteins in the tumor cell during the development of metastasis. We have used a new high-density protein microarray platform, ProtoArray Human Protein Array (HPA), to identify significant autoantibody biomarkers that are associated with metastatic OS at the time of diagnosis. ProtoArray HPA consists of over 8,000 purified human proteins from different functional classes. Plasma samples from metastatic and localized OS patients, and children with non-cancerous diseases were analyzed by the microarrays. The results showed that the amounts of 136 distinct autoantibodies were significantly different between the plasma samples of metastatic and localized OS cases (p &amp;lt; 0.01). Among these autoantibodies, 66 were higher while 70 were lower in metastatic patients. Two of these autoantibodies, which target CTTN and PFKFB1, were selected for further investigation. We found that the phosphorylated form (p85) of the CTTN protein in two metastatic OS cell lines was expressed higher relative to the non-metastatic parental cells. This result is consistent with the previous finding that increased phosphorylation of CTTN is important for the metastatic phenotype of cancer cells. The PFKFB1 autoantibody in the localized patients was higher than the metastatic patients; however, both groups of OS patients had a higher PFKFB1 level relative to the control group. When compared to normal osteoblasts, Western blotting showed that PFKFB1 protein was overexpressed in seven of the eight OS cell lines. PFKFB1 is involved in the Warburg effect, which is important to the energy metabolism of cancer cells. Our results suggest that the high-density protein microarray approach is useful for identifying metastasis-associated autoantibodies in cancer patients. Further validation and investigation of the candidate autoantibody biomarkers may lead to discovery of novel biomarkers and unravel the underlying mechanism in metastatic OS. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5571.
Effect of 9-α-Fluorohydrocortisone on Forearm Vascular Responses to Norepinephrine
Authors: PHILLIP G. SCHMID, JOHN W. ECKSTEIN, FRANCOIS M. ABBOUD
Journal: Circulation (1966)

Vascular responses to norepinephrine were studied in normal subjects during three sessions. The first session took place before steroid treatment. The second session took place 1 week after daily oral administration of 9-α-fluorohydrocortisone. The third session was conducted 3 weeks after stopping treatment. Forearm blood flow decreased and forearm vascular resistance increased more during norepinephrine infusions in the session immediately after the administration of 9-α-fluorohydrocortisone than in either control session. Increases in resistance against the same levels of blood pressure in the session after steroid treatment indicate that the responsiveness of vascular smooth muscle to norepinephrine was augmented after 1 week of treatment with 9-α-fluorohydrocortisone. The data indicate that blood flow to the forearm during norepinephrine infusion is not enhanced by administration of fluorohydrocortisone.
False-Positive Test for Pheochromocytoma with an Adrenolytic Compound
Authors: Edward Meilman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

A NUMBER of pharmacologic tests have been devised to aid in the difficult clinical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, particularly when it is accompanied by persistent hypertension.1 Of these, the intravenous administration of benzodioxane (2-[l-piperidylmethyl]-l, 4-benzodioxane), though not infallible,1 2 3 appears to be most specific.4 In a series of 61 patients with hypertension who were tested with benzodioxane, 1 showed a reduction in blood pressure; that patient had a pheochromocytoma.5 However, this agent may occasionally cause alarming pressor responses in essential hypertension,6 , 7 and reports have appeared of patients with pheochromocytomas who responded to benzodioxane with a rise in blood pressure.1 , 8 Spear and Griswald . . .
Hazards of Hygienic Deodorant Sprays for Women
Authors: Bernard M. Kaye
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> For about a year since the introduction of the so-called feminine hygienic deodorant spray, I have been encountering local reactions. In the last few months, as the advertising push and the use of these sprays has become more widespread, I have been getting more and more complaints of vulvar irritation. I practice obstetrics and gynecology and have discussed this with my colleagues, who state they have also noticed an increase in this type of complaint. I have not made a survey as to whether any particular spray is more irritating than others, since patients have used several different brands. I honestly have no way of determining the efficacy of these sprays; however, good old-fashioned soap and water should do the same thing. I have cautioned my patients not to use these sprays and recommend that other physicians do like-wise.
Two Additional Implications of an HIV Nucleic Acid Testing Program With Automated Internet and Voicemail Systems to Deliver Results
Authors: Benjamin Armbruster
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters19 October 2010Two Additional Implications of an HIV Nucleic Acid Testing Program With Automated Internet and Voicemail Systems to Deliver ResultsBenjamin Armbruster, PhDBenjamin Armbruster, PhDFrom Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-8-201010190-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Morris and colleagues' study (1) finds that nucleic acid testing (NAT) will identify many HIV infections that are not detected with HIV antibody tests. Two additional implications of the study were not discussed: a remarkably high incidence rate and a significant tendency for patients to seek testing shortly after a suspected infection.Of the 3151 patients tested in the study, 35 had acute or early infections, infections that are less than 133 days old (95% CI, 113 to 160 days). This suggests an incidence rate (r) of 3.1% per year (CI, 2.1% to 4.3%): r = (35/3151)/133 × 365. For ...References1. Morris SR, Little SJ, Cunningham T, Garfein RS, Richman DD, Smith DM. Evaluation of an HIV nucleic acid testing program with automated Internet and voicemail systems to deliver results. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:778-85. [PMID: 20547906] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Hall HI, Song R, Rhodes P, Prejean J, An Q, Lee LM, et al; HIV Incidence Surveillance Group. Estimation of HIV incidence in the United States. JAMA. 2008;300:520-9. [PMID: 18677024] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CDC Fact Sheet: HIV and AIDS among gay and bisexual men. June 2010. Accessed at www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/FastFacts-MSM-FINAL508COMP.pdf on 8 September 2010. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEvaluation of an HIV Nucleic Acid Testing Program With Automated Internet and Voicemail Systems to Deliver Results Sheldon R. Morris , Susan J. Little , Terry Cunningham , Richard S. Garfein , Douglas D. Richman , and Davey M. Smith Two Additional Implications of an HIV Nucleic Acid Testing Program With Automated Internet and Voicemail Systems to Deliver Results Sheldon R. Morris Metrics 19 October 2010Volume 153, Issue 8Page: 549KeywordsConflicts of interestHIVHIV infectionsInternetMale male sexual contactNucleic acidsPatients ePublished: 19 October 2010 Issue Published: 19 October 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Dutch investigation launched into abortion clinics
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Dutch health inspectors are to investigate the country's abortion clinics to ensure that they are complying with the 1981 law, which requires doctors to be satisfied that women face an “emergency situation.”

Health minister Professor Els Borst-Eilers announced the investigation in an attempt to stem fears that abortions are carried out too casually. The Netherlands boasts the lowest abortion rates in …