tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Black West Indian and Matched White Diabetics in Britain Compared With Diabetics in Jamaica: Body Mass, Blood Pressure, and Vascular Disease
Authors: J Kennedy Cruickshank, Sylvan A Alleyne
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

This study was designed to compare the prevalence of obesity, high blood pressure, diabetic vascular disease, and risk factors 1) in Black West Indians who had emigrated to Britain (WIB) with those in Whites in England and 2) among diabetic Jamaicans in Jamaica. Seventy-seven consecutive WIB patients were matched for age, sex, known duration of diabetes, and type of treatment of diabetes with 74 Whites from the same diabetes clinic in England. In Jamaica, a systematic random sample (95 women, 36 men) was studied. There was no difference in age at diagnosis between WIBs and Jamaicans. Effort chest pain (possible angina) was less frequent in WIBs (9%) or Jamaicans (3%) than in Whites (25%). Cigarette smoking was more common in WIBs than in Whites but still low in Jamaicans. Body mass index was greatest in WIB women (85%), significantly more than in matched White (52%) or Jamaican women (45%); 40% of White men and WIB men were obese, significantly more than Jamaicans (15% obese). Systolic blood pressure was similar, but diastolic blood pressure was significantly greater in WIBs than in matched White subjects. The prevalence of casual hypertension was high (&amp;gt;40%) in all groups, often despite treatment. Cataracts were significantly more frequent in WIB and Jamaican groups than in Whites. Total background retinopathy after correcting for duration of diabetes did not differ between groups, and there were no significant differences in other complication rates. Levels of HbA1 were lower in Whites than in the other groups. Regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure was most consistently related to complications, particularly retinopathy, independent of ethnic group and duration. These results suggest variation in large-vessel rather than small-vessel disease between groups and that high blood pressure and obesity remain the major challenges to management.
Catherine Gilray Bailey (née Simpson)
Authors: Mark Bailey
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Dr Catherine Gilray Bailey (nee Simpson) was born on 20 December 1919 in Greenock, Scotland, the eldest of four daughters, to Mary and Charles McGregor Simpson (and was a descendant of James Gillray, the famous political cartoonist). She was educated at Greenock Academy prior to studying at Glasgow and Birmingham Universities. After qualifying as a doctor of medicine, because of the second world war, she was immediately called up and served in the Royal Army Medical Corps. During her time in the British Army she found that, wherever she was posted, on arrival the very first words spoken to her were, “Good God, you’re a woman,” and this followed by a hasty rearrangement of billeting due to her being of the fairer …
Sleep apnea is a novel risk predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and death in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Sydney C.W. Tang, Bing Lam, Tzy Jyun Yao, Wah Shing Leung, Chung Ming Chu, Yiu Wing Ho, Mary S.M. Ip, Kar Neng Lai
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
The Patient: Biological, Psychological, and Social Dimensions of Medical Practice
Authors: William W. Weddington
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Integrating the biologic emphasis of modern-day medicine with the psychological and sociological aspects of human life remains a major goal of medical education and clinical practice. Combating the bad habit of mind-body conceptualization is encouraged by scientific breakthroughs, which facilitate synthesis of the biological and psychosocial sciences. The authors, both experienced Yale University psychiatrists and educators, have produced a marvelously readable and content-laden summary of the biologic, psychological, and social dimensions of contemporary medical practice. Their work is a model of comprehensive integration. The foreword by Alvan R. Feinstein, MD, noted Yale internist and epidemiologist, establishes the book's tone. He points out that informational break-throughs in medicine initially distracted general physicians from the patient, while psychiatrists became preoccupied with psychodynamics and social phenomena. A partitioning of medical perspective and care resulted. Recent trends see the emergence of a broadly based "generalist" and a more biologically oriented psychiatrist. The book is
Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy with Vinorelbine Plus Split-Dose Cisplatin in Inoperable Stage Iii Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: H. Mertsoylu, F. Kose, A.M. Sedef, O. Dogan, C. Parlak, A.A. Besen, A.T. Sumbul, A. Fındıkcıoglu, A. Sezer, S. Muallaoglu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
A Double-Strand Break Repair Defect in ATM-Deficient Cells Contributes to Radiosensitivity
Authors: Martin Kühne, Enriqueta Riballo, Nicole Rief, Kai Rothkamm, Penny A. Jeggo, Markus Löbrich
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The ATM protein, which is mutated in individuals with ataxia telangiectasia (AT), is central to cell cycle checkpoint responses initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). ATM’s role in DSB repair is currently unclear as is the basis underlying the radiosensitivity of AT cells. We applied immunofluorescence detection of γ-H2AX nuclear foci and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to quantify the repair of DSBs after X-ray doses between 0.02 and 80 Gy in confluence-arrested primary human fibroblasts from normal individuals and patients with mutations in ATM and DNA ligase IV, a core component of the nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair pathway. Cells with hypomorphic mutations in DNA ligase IV exhibit a substantial repair defect up to 24 h after treatment but continue to repair for several days and finally reach a level of unrepaired DSBs similar to that of wild-type cells. Additionally, the repair defect in NHEJ mutants is dose dependent. ATM-deficient cells, in contrast, repair the majority of DSBs with normal kinetics but fail to repair a subset of breaks, irrespective of the initial number of lesions induced. Significantly, after biologically relevant radiation doses and/or long repair times, the repair defect in AT cells is more pronounced than that of NHEJ mutants and correlates with radiosensitivity. NHEJ-defective cells analyzed for survival following delayed plating after irradiation show substantial recovery while AT cells fail to show any recovery. These data argue that the DSB repair defect underlies a significant component of the radiosensitivity of AT cells.
THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF THE EARLIER CHANGES IN THE LARYNX IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: C. L. MINOR
Journal: JAMA (1910)

There is no more encouraging fact in the development of modern medicine than the interest that is being taken in the early diagnosis and the rational treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. The medical profession must not be satisfied, however, with what has been accomplished, for satisfaction with one's own achievements rings the knell of all further progress; rather, physicians should keep their minds open to discern where the present practice is imperfect and be ready to correct flaws as soon as they are discovered. An important defect in the early diagnosis of tuberculosis is the fact that few physicians in the examination of such patients pay any attention to the condition of the larynx or are capable of making the necessary examination to determine the condition of this organ. No examination of a tubereulous patient can be called satisfactory or thorough in which a laryngeal examination has not been made, and
Lung Ultrasound for the Evaluation of Pulmonary Congestion in Outpatients
Authors: Marcelo Haertel Miglioranza, Luna Gargani, Roberto Tofani Sant'Anna, Marciane Maria Rover, Vitor Magnus Martins, Augusto Mantovani, Cristina Weber, Maria Antonieta Moraes, Carlos Jader Feldman, Renato Abdala Karam Kalil, Rosa Sicari, Eugenio Picano, Tiago Luiz Luz Leiria
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Isoform-Specific Modulation of Voltage-Gated Na <sup>+</sup> Channels by Calmodulin
Authors: Isabelle Deschênes, Nathalie Neyroud, Deborah DiSilvestre, Eduardo Marbán, David T. Yue, Gordon F. Tomaselli
Journal: Circulation Research (2002)

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-sensing protein that binds to Na + channels, with unknown functional consequences. Wild-type CaM produced a hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state availability of expressed skeletal muscle (μ1) but not cardiac (hH1) Na + channels. Mutant CaM 1234 did not alter the voltage dependence or the kinetics of gating of either μ1 or hH1. Mutation of the highly conserved IQ motif in the carboxyl terminus of both isoforms (IQ/AA) slowed the kinetics of current decay and abolished the effect of wild-type CaM on μ1, but did not alter hH1 currents. The IQ/AA mutation eliminated CaM binding to the carboxyl terminus of both μ1 and hH1 channels. Inhibition of Ca 2+ /CaM kinase (CaM-K) slowed the current decay, the rate of entry into inactivation, and shifted the voltage dependence of hH1 in the depolarizing direction independent of CaM overexpression with no effect on μ1 Na + channels. CaM signaling modulates Na + currents in an isoform-specific manner, via direct interaction with skeletal muscle Na + channels and through CaM-K in the case of the cardiac isoform. The full text of this article is available at http://www.circresaha.org.
Sprains of the Limb Joints
Authors: J. I. P. James
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Assessment was made of 5% local guanethidine in treating eye manifestations in euthyroid patients with either treated thyrotoxicosis or ophthalmic Graves9s disease. In a double-blind crossover study guanethidine caused greater improvement in lid retraction than a control solution. A long-term study showed that this improvement was maintained. A much lower incidence of side-effects was noted with 5% guanethidine than with 10% solution.
Human Pulmonary Infarctions and Surfactant Production.
Authors: Alton I. Sutnick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 November 1965Human Pulmonary Infarctions and Surfactant Production.Alton I. Sutnick, M.D., Louis A. Soloff, M.D.Alton I. Sutnick, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Louis A. Soloff, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-919_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt has been implied that an intact pulmonary arterial circulation is required for the production of pulmonary surfactant by the alveolar epithelial cells. Pulmonary infarctions in dogs have been shown to demonstrate a decrease in surface activity, but similar findings in human lungs have not been described. In order to evaluate this phenomenon in human lungs, we have studied 19 pulmonary infarctions found at autopsy. Saline extracts were made of all specimens, and surface activity was measured on a modified Langmuir-Whilhelmy surface film balance. Only one (5.3%) demonstrated a minimal surface tension below 10 dynes/cm, a consistent finding in 21... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Alton I. Sutnick, M.D.; Louis A. Soloff, M.D.Affiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 919-919KeywordsAutopsyEpithelial cellsInfarctionLungs ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Direct Thrombin Inhibitors
Authors: Marcello Di Nisio, Saskia Middeldorp, Harry R. Büller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) are a new class of anticoagulants that bind directly to thrombin and block its interaction with its substrates. Four parenteral DTIs have been approved by the FDA — hirudin and argatroban for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, bivalirudin as an alternative to heparin in percutaneous coronary intervention, and desirudin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism in hip replacement. This article discusses the clinical data on this important new class of medications.
Targeting proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells through KCa3.1 blockade
Authors: E M Grössinger, L Weiss, S Zierler, S Rebhandl, P W Krenn, E Hinterseer, J Schmölzer, D Asslaber, S Hainzl, D Neureiter, A Egle, J Piñón-Hofbauer, T N Hartmann, R Greil, H H Kerschbaum
Journal: Leukemia (2014)

Although the dependence of Ca2+ signaling and mitosis on K+ channel activity in lymphocytes has been thoroughly examined,1 the therapeutic significance of these findings for malignant hematological diseases is largely unexplored. Out of approximately 80 different K+ channel genes in humans, T and B cells express the voltage-dependent K+ channel, Kv1.3, and the Ca2+-activated K+ channel, KCa3.1. Expression levels of K+ channels vary with lymphocyte maturation and activation state.1, 2 Accordingly, selective blockade of the predominant K+ channel type allows lymphocyte subset specific inhibition of proliferation.1, 2 Given the importance of controlling Ca2+-influx, there is growing interest in selective K+ channel blockers to suppress cell proliferation in autoimmune diseases and cancer.3, 4, 5
A New Diagnostic Test for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Harry J. Saranchak
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The technique of radial immunodiffusion assay, in which the gel is impregnated with myoglobin antiserum, was used on urine samples from 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction, from 20 patients with chest pain due to ischemic heart disease without infarction, and from 20 normal subjects. In the group with an acute myocardial infarct, all but one patient showed significant levels of myoglobin (at or above 5 mg/ml) in urine samples taken within 48 hours after clinical onset of infarct. Urinary myoglobin to these levels never rose in the other two groups studied. Myoglobinuria appeared sooner, persisted longer, and was a much more accurate diagnostic test for infarction than serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, or creatine phosphokinase. With these data, it will be possible to prepare a simple latex or agglutination test for myoglobinuria, to detect acute myocardial damage. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1251-1255, 1974)
DISLOCATION OF THIRD CERVICAL VERTEBRA—REDUCTION—HEMORRHAGE TEN HOURS LATER.
Authors: A. D. S. McCOY
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>History.</h3> —T. M., aged 36, a house mover, in raising a house, May 29, 1907, the wrench with which he was turning a jack slipped and he fell backward, striking on the back of his head with a great deal of force. He said that for a minute he could not move nor speak, though he could hear the other men talking. After a few minutes he crawled from under the house and walked to the Emergency Hospital, about four blocks. <h3>Examination.</h3> —At 9 a. m., fifteen minutes after accident, examination showed the head flexed so that the chin nearly touched the thorax, slightly turned to the right and held very rigid. There was a protrusion, the size of a hen's egg, on the right side of the spinal column in the region of the third cervical vertebra. The right arm was paralyzed. He would hardly allow me to touch
Adjuvant chemotherapy in T3 bladder cancer.
Authors: B Richards, P Smith, R Glashan, M R Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Hazards of epilepsy SIR,-I was interested to read your leading article on this subject (3 June, p 1436), especially that section in which you state that "from the infrequency of reports of death during sleep apparently due to suffocation during a fit the hazard may be presumed rare-especially in comparison with the frequency of nocturnal fits in children.Even so, substitution of a firm pillow might be a wise safeguard."This statement is certainly contrary to the conclusions drawn by my colleague Dr H J A Longmore and myself in 1970, when three patients with grand mal epilepsy who had died by suffocation in their pillow were reported.'This article stimulated the reply from Dr C Worster-Drought2 on which was based the comment referred to above.Dr Worster-Drought had, during his 45 years as a neurologist in Harley Street, seen no such cases and considered them uncommon.
Switzerland debates dismantling its breast cancer screening programme
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A row has erupted in Switzerland after the Swiss Medical Board recommended that the country’s mammography screening programme for breast cancer be suspended because it leads to too many unnecessary interventions.

In a report made public on 2 February, the board said that while systematic mammography screening for breast cancer saved 1-2 women’s lives for every 1000 screened, it led to unnecessary investigations and treatment for around 100 women in every 1000.1

“The desirable effect is offset by the undesirable effects,” said the report, which was based on study data from …
Bacillus cereus, Diarrhea, and Home-Dried Apples
Authors: ALBERT J. MORENO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1985Bacillus cereus, Diarrhea, and Home-Dried ApplesALBERT J. MORENO, M.D., CYNTHIA D. ORR, D.G.S., EDMUNDO MORALES, M(ASCP), IDELLE M. WEISMAN, M.D.ALBERT J. MORENO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CYNTHIA D. ORR, D.G.S.Search for more papers by this author, EDMUNDO MORALES, M(ASCP)Search for more papers by this author, IDELLE M. WEISMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-868_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In recent years, an increasingly frequent cause of food poisoning has been the aerobic, spore-forming, motile, gram-positive rod Bacillus cereus (1, 2). This organism has been incriminated in the formation of two gastrointestinal distress syndromes, depending on which enterotoxins the bacteria produces (1). Bacillus cereus is ubiquitous in soil and contamitress nates various raw, dried, and processed foods (1). We report a case of food poisoning involving an electric food dehydrator that caused repeated food poisoning episodes with B. cereus.A 35-year-old woman developed crampy abdominal pain and violent watery diarrhea 8 hours after eating apples recently...References1. TERRANOVA W and BLAKE P. Bacillus cereus food poisoning. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:143-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. HOLMES J, PLUNKETT T, PATE P, ROPER W, and ALEXANDER W. Arch Intern Med. 1981;141:766-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. PUTNAM P. Drying Fruits and Vegetables at Home. College Station, Texas: Texas A & M University Press; 1981:1-5. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ALBERT J. MORENO, M.D.; CYNTHIA D. ORR, D.G.S.; EDMUNDO MORALES, M(ASCP); IDELLE M. WEISMAN, M.D.Affiliations: William Beaumont Army Medical Center El Paso, TX 79920-5001 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byShelf Life and Safety Concerns of Bakery Products—A ReviewMicrobial Safety of Bakery ProductsBacillus cereus and related species 1 June 1985Volume 102, Issue 6Page: 868-869KeywordsAbdominal painBacillusBacteriaDiarrheaEatingEnterotoxinsFoodFood poisoning ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Acridine Orange Fluorescence
Authors: Theodore Kushnick
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ACRIDINE ORANGE (AO) stain and fluorescence microscopy have been widely used for the evaluation of gynecologic exfoliative cytology.<sup>1,2</sup>Basically, it has been noted that the desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the nucleus of a cell fluoresces with a yellowish-green color and that the cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid (RNA) appears orange-pink in color. The pH of the stain affects the colors visualized. Although there has been some conflict as to whether neoplastic cells can be adequately evaluated by AO technique, other pertinent observations have been made. Red blood cells do not fluoresce and thus do not interfere with examination of the specimen.<sup>2</sup>Microorganisms, on the other hand, do fluoresce with a bright orange-red color, which vividly contrasts with the colors of DNA and RNA. If sufficient organisms are present, they may actually interfere with accurate cytologic visualization.<sup>2</sup>Along these lines, the AO method has been used for the diagnosis of
Labor's Interest in Medical Care
Authors: Nelson H. Cruikshank
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

INTEREST in medical care is interest in the prolongation of life itself for the individual and for his family and his friends. That interest is universal. And, of course, it is an interest not only in the prolongation of life but also in the improvement in the quality of life so inseparable from the concept of health as a positive entity, not just the absence of disease.The Worker and Medical CareOrganized labor's interest in medical care takes on an added significance because it represents the largest single body of consumers or recipients of medical care who are in . . .
Book: Secret Agents: The Menace of Emerging Infections
Authors: J. Collazos
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Madeline Drexler Joseph Henry Press, £17.95, pp 316 ISBN 0 309 07638 2 ——————— Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> The relationship between microorganisms and humans is perhaps the most fascinating story relating to humankind. The origins of the relationship date from well before the appearance of the first hominids on Earth, although we began to write the story only about a century ago. It is a tale of love and hate because, while humans need micro-organisms, we also fight them. This excellent book is, to some extent, a story of war, from the intricacies of the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
The Quest for Drug Control: Politics and Federal Policy in a Period of Increasing Substance Abuse, 1963-1981
Authors: D. C. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Locum oncologist whose treatment plan missed tumours and reduced survival chances is struck off
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A locum consultant oncologist who drew up radiation treatment plans that targeted healthy tissue while missing tumours has been struck off by a panel of the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service (MPTS).

The allegations against Alem Kahsay concerned five patients with cancer whose treatment he managed while working as a locum for Belfast Health and Social Care Trust during several months in 2008 and 2009, and for Shrewsbury and Telford Hospital NHS Trust for 10 days in 2010.

In two patients with lung cancer he drew up treatment plans that completely missed the affected area, targeting …