tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Etretinate therapy improves psoriasis but elevates serum lipids
Authors: Virginia Snodgrass Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A University of Michigan Medical School group has reported success in treating a case of life-threatening psoriasis with a combination of methotrexate and the investigational drug etretinate. However, they also report that etretinate results in an increase in serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels. This increase is important enough and persists long enough that in the view of Charles N. Ellis, MD, assistant professor of dermatology, long-term treatment with etretinate will be a cause for concern unless normalization of lipid levels occurs either spontaneously or can be achieved with medical intervention. The report on the combination therapy was presented at the National Clinical Dermatology Conference in Chicago by Evelyn E. Vanderveen, MD, a dermatology resident. Two major points of interest, she said, are that the combination of drugs did not produce any short-term adverse side effects and that etretinate alone did not control psoriatic arthritis in the patient, a 51-year-old man.
CONCERNING THE DIETETIC AND HYGIENIC TREATMENT OF CANCER
Authors: George H. Semken
Journal: JAMA (1923)

To the Editor:  —In a recent circular, evidently sent to a large number of physicians, Dr. L. Duncan Bulkley has invited those interested in the treatment of cancer by purely medicinal and dietetic measures to join him at the San Francisco session of the American Medical Association, in forming a society to promote these methods. The injury that will be done to the public by the spread of such doctrines needs no emphasis; and this attempt to give such methods an apparently scientific regularization and basis should meet with the same decisive opposition as would other forms of cancer quackery.  In order that there may be no misconception as to the position of the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital in this matter, I have been directed by the Medical Board to send you this communication and the following resolution:  The Medical Board of the New York Skin and Cancer
Abstract 4326: High-resolution imaging and antitumor effects of GFP(+) bone marrow-derived cells homing to syngeneic mouse colon tumors
Authors: Lori S. Hart, Niklas Finnberg, Nathan G. Dolloff, Zachary B. Rodgers, David T. Dicker, Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko, Wafik S. El-Deiry
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) are believed to play a significant role in the growth and spread of certain tumors, namely cancers of the breast, brain, lung, and stomach. To date there are limited reports of bone marrow involvement in colon cancer pathogenesis, but such findings have the potential to generate novel treatments for patients with colon cancer. We have established two mouse models (Balb/c and C57/BL6 backgrounds) for imaging BMDCs from whole tumor to single-cell resolution, whereby the bone marrow of lethally irradiated host animals is reconstituted with EGFP-expressing bone marrow cells from matched donors. The bone marrow transplants (BMTs) yield mice with fluorescently labeled bone marrow and BMDCs can subsequently be monitored within a tumor through optical imaging, as well as ex vivo techniques. We have confirmed successful BM reconstitution at six or more weeks following transplantation. At least six weeks after transplantation, surviving Balb/c and C57/BL6 transplanted mice were injected with CT26 mouse colon cancer cells and p53-deficient Ras/Myc-transformed colonocytes, respectively. We have found up to 45% of cells dissociated from the tumors are GFP-positive and we are currently working to identify the various BM lineages represented within these populations. Interestingly, we have found that tumor growth is reduced in BMT animals compared with untransplanted host mice, as well as EGFP-expressing BM donor mice. We are currently working to determine whether an immune response associated with the BMT might account for these apparent anti-tumor effects. It will clearly be important to separate the molecular and cellular (T cells, NK cells, macrophages, etc) basis of the anti-tumor effect of the BMDCs from any pro-tumorigenic effect that could be subverted for therapeutic gain. Additionally, as an extension of our model we are performing orthotopic cecal wall injections in order to determine whether microenvironmental nuances alter BM homing to the colon versus subcutaneous space. It is expected that the identified BMDCs will aid in the development of novel cancer therapeutic and delivery strategies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4326.
Grapefruit Juice and Kidney Stones
Authors: Gary C. Curhan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 December 1998Grapefruit Juice and Kidney StonesGary C. Curhan, MD, ScD and Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPHGary C. Curhan, MD, ScDBrigham and Women's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author and Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPHBrigham and Women's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-11_Part_1-199812010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Dr. Ameer that it would be scientifically and clinically interesting to determine the mechanism by which drinking grapefruit juice may increase the risk for kidney stone formation. It is unlikely to be due to the oxalate content of grapefruit juice itself, which is relatively low. Perhaps grapefruit juice increases oxalate absorption from other dietary sources, but no data on this are available.It is interesting to speculate about certain components of grapefruit juice, but it is unlikely that the proposed mechanism for naringin is responsible. Naringin is found in both oranges and grapefruits. We found ...References1. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ. Prospective study of beverage use and the risk of kidney stones. Am J Epidemiol. 1996; 143:240-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gary C. Curhan, MD, ScD; Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPHAffiliations: Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1998Volume 129, Issue 11_Part_1Page: 913KeywordsBloodCalciumInformation storage and retrievalKidney stonesRenal systemUrine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 December 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A Continuum of Care for the Inner City
Authors: Robert J. Master, Marie Feltin, John Jainchill, Roger Mark, William N. Kavesh, Mitchell T. Rabkin, Barbara Turner, Sarah Bachrach, Sara Lennox
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We describe an approach to health care in the inner city: a multidisciplinary system of physicians and mid-level practitioners that provides individualized care to chronically ill, elderly, homebound, and nursing-home residents of urban Boston who would otherwise be forced into an inappropriate reliance on teaching hospitals. Linked to four neighborhood health centers, three home-care programs, and a teaching hospital, and financially self-supporting except for the home-care component, the system cared for 3000 ambulatory, 280 homebound, and 358 nursing-home patients in the representative year described. In-hospital use, particularly hospital days, was reduced when judged by existing data for comparable (though not identical) populations. Based on stable physician practices, the system offers a workable approach to the related problems of care, manpower, and cost in the urban core.
Calcium carbonate, hypercalcaemia, and peptic ulcer.
Authors: D W Piper
Journal: BMJ (1971)

there was a deficiency of dopamine in the corpus striatum there would be a release of acetylcholine, which would produce symp- toms of its own when it could not fulfil its usual function of releasing dopamine.This would account for the bradykinesia, increas- ing tremor, etc., which are controlled by giving benzotropine.-I am, etc.,
BACTERIA IN THE NORMAL CONJUNCTIVA AND THE EFFECT UPON THEM OF ASEPTIC AND ANTISEPTIC IRRIGATIONS.
Authors: ROBERT L. RANDOLPH
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The works of Leber, Sattler, Gifford and others on the bacteria of the conjunctiva are practically in accord in the opinion that the conjunctiva always contains bacteria. I recently made a series of experiments upon 100 individuals. These 100 persons comprised patients (not eye patients) in the dispensary, nurses, medical students and others. The inoculations were on nutrient agar, and usually smear cultures were made. A platinum loop was sterilized by passing it through a flame, and it was rubbed over the lower part of the conjunctival sac. The patient was then made to look down and the loop was carried well up into the upper part of the sac, and finally rubbed gently over portions of the bulbar conjunctiva. It is hardly practicable to bring the loop into contact with every part of the conjunctiva, and I doubt whether the platinum loop ever touched more than half the conjunctival
Helping patients make sense of the risks of taking GLP-1 agonists
Authors: V. M. Montori
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Tough when benefits and harms are unclear 

There are three reasons to lower glycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: to treat the symptoms of hyperglycaemia; to prevent symptomatic hyperglycaemia; and to reduce the risk of developing complications associated with diabetes. Regulatory agencies approve antihyperglycaemic agents because they prevent and treat hyperglycaemia. The US Food and Drug Administration now requires drug companies to show that their antihyperglycaemic drugs do not increase a patient’s risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Currently, however, no regulatory agency requires evidence of a drug’s efficacy in reducing the risk of developing complications of diabetes.

Does the use of antidiabetic drugs have any benefits in patients with asymptomatic type 2 diabetes? It is possible that lowering glycaemia, regardless of the approach, reduces the risk of microvascular and cardiovascular complications, but this remains uncertain, despite testing in contemporary trials that have enrolled tens of thousands of patients.1 Furthermore, comparative effectiveness studies have shown no antihyperglycaemic drug to be more beneficial in this regard than any other.2 Evidence from long term follow-up of patients in the UK Prospective Diabetes Study suggests that cardiovascular complications might be reduced by preventing hyperglycaemic symptoms.3 Considerable uncertainty exists, however, in applying this evidence to patients who are at risk of cardiovascular complications but who quit smoking and adhere to low dose aspirin, standard or high dose …
Clinical significance of 99mTc-MIBI uptake defects at rest in noninfarcted male patients
Authors: Claudio Marcassa, Michele Galli, Oberdan Parodi, Gianmario Sambuceti, Paolo Marzullo, Gianni Bisi, Raffaele Giubbini, Eugenio Inglese, Salvatore Pirelli, Francesco Scopinaro, PierLuigi Temporelli, Edoardo Verna
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
The Treatment of Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Authors: Alberto Odio
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The review by Colonel Bass of the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis<sup>1</sup>gives us a helpful historical perspective but skirts some treatment issues that confront physicians today. We can no longer expect nearly all patients with streptococcal pharyngitis who are properly treated to have negative cultures and be asymptomatic after therapy. Today, 19% to 37% of patients have positive posttreatment cultures.<sup>2</sup>Although some feel that these patients are carriers and not a major concern, recent studies (and my clinical experience) suggest that a third of these bacteriologic failures are true infections and true treatment failures, based on antibody titer rise and return of symptoms.<sup>3</sup>Clinically, however, one cannot distinguish a true treatment failure from a carrier whose renewed symptoms are from a viral infection. How then should symptomatic treatment failures be managed? There are patients who develop recurrent streptococcal infections despite appropriate treatment. Most of
Whole-cell and single-channel calcium currents of isolated smooth muscle cells from saphenous vein.
Authors: A Yatani, C L Seidel, J Allen, A M Brown
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Whole-cell and single-channel calcium currents in enzymatically isolated dog saphenous vein cells were recorded by the patch-clamp method. Test pulses to negative potentials from holding potentials of -90 to -40 mV elicited currents that inactivated quickly and in a voltage-dependent manner (called I low for low threshold). A second calcium current persisted even at relatively positive holding potentials of -30 to -10 mV, required stronger depolarizations for maximum current, and inactivated slowly (I high for high threshold). I high transported barium more than calcium, whereas I low transported the two ions equally. Single-channel current records (90 mM barium) showed a larger conductance that activated at relatively positive potentials and a smaller (about one-third) conductance that activated at weak depolarizations. Nitrendipine suppressed I high, and the effect was voltage dependent as observed in cardiac cells, although block of resting channels was much greater in vein cells (KR approximately 10(-8) M). Exposure to the stereoisomer (-)Bay K 8644 increased I high but not I low. The (-)Bay K 8644 also increased the channel activity and prolonged the open time of the larger conductance current. Thus, two types of calcium channels, differing in potential-dependence of activation and inactivation, calcium/barium selectivity, single-channel conductance, and sensitivities to dihydropyridines were identified in smooth muscle cells isolated from a large cutaneous vein.
Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated adjuvanted whole-virion influenza A (H5N1) vaccine: a phase I randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jiangtao Lin, Jiansan Zhang, Xiaoping Dong, Hanhua Fang, Jiangting Chen, Nan Su, Qiang Gao, Zhenshan Zhang, Yuxuan Liu, Zhihong Wang, Meng Yang, Ruihua Sun, Changgui Li, Su Lin, Mei Ji, Yan Liu, Xu Wang, John Wood, Zijian Feng, Yu Wang, Weidong Yin
Journal: The Lancet (2006)
Genetic differences in omega‐gliadins involved in two different immediate food hypersensitivities to wheat
Authors: M. Laurière, C. Pecquet, É. Boulenc, I. Bouchez‐Mahiout, J. Snégaroff, D. Choudat, N. Raison‐Peyron, M. Vigan, G. Branlard
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: Anti‐gliadin IgE are expressed in patients with food allergy associated to skin immediate hypersensitivity to hydrolyzed wheat proteins (IHHWP). It is not known if they react with ω5‐gliadins, the major allergens in wheat dependant exercise‐induced food anaphylaxis (WDEIA), encoded on wheat chromosomes 1B. Methods: Unmodified gliadins from 14 wheat varieties expressing most of the 1B ω‐gliadin alleles, were immunoprobed after SDS‐PAGE and blotting, with four sera from patients with IHHWP, and two with WDEIA. Gliadins reacting with IgE were visualized using chemiluminescence and identified according to their mobility and typical SDS‐PAGE pattern. The resulting signal was also measured to compare their IgE reactivity. Results: IHHWP and WDEIA sera exhibited distinct patterns of reactivity. IgE of patients with IHHWP reacted mainly with all ω‐gliadins alleles and one γ‐gliadin encoded respectively on chromosomes 1D and 1B, but not with any ω5‐gliadins alleles as for WDEIA. A few other reactive alleles of ω‐gliadins were encoded on chromosomes 1A. Unassigned additional bands of the whole gliadin pattern were also reactive. The four patients with IHHWP exhibited almost the same pattern of reactivity. Main differences concerned band reactivity which modulated the overall reactivity of each wheat variety. Conclusions: The IgE epitopes involved in IHHWP and WDEIA are different. This suggests that the protein state and the route of exposure to very similar gluten structures, probably orientate the pattern of epitope reactivity and the wheat food allergy manifestations.
Prognosis in obesity
Authors: M E J Lean
Journal: BMJ (2005)

We all need to move a little more, eat a little less 

O besity has a colossal impact on physical, mental, and social ill health in many parts of the world. Without effective action, expanding waists in ageing populations and the associated health problems will present enormous financial burdens for future generations. The prevalence of obesity is already above the critical threshold of 15% set by the World Health Organization for epidemics needing intervention.1 We cannot withdraw medical support for obese individuals, but we urgently need politically driven public health measures to curb this epidemic.

In this week's BMJ , Reilly et al, who have previously documented rising rates of childhood obesity, stimulating public and political concern, examine risk factors for obesity in a cohort of 7 year olds in Bristol, England (p 1357).2 The authors do not claim causality but did find potentially relevant independent associations, including environmental contributions to high birth weight, early adiposity or “rebound” as body mass index rises in early life catch-up growth between birth and 2 years, and high rates of weight gain in the first 12 months. They found no …
Unexpected interaction between beta-adrenergic blockade and heart rate variability before and after myocardial infarction. A longitudinal study in dogs at high and low risk for sudden death.
Authors: P B Adamson, M H Huang, E Vanoli, R D Foreman, P J Schwartz, S S Hull
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Heart rate (HR) variability is a marker of tonic cardiac autonomic activity and contributes in assessing risk for sudden death after myocardial infarction. Recent clinical observations have indicated that attenuation of HR variability, which occurs after myocardial infarction, may be transient. This study addresses the issue of whether autonomic control of heart rate recovers at different rates after myocardial infarction in subjects at high and low risk for ventricular fibrillation (VF). METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty dogs, 22 with myocardial infarction and 8 sham-prepared animals, completed the study. Changes and recovery in cardiac autonomic activity after myocardial infarction were examined by measuring HR variability before and at defined intervals during the first 30 days after infarction. Each HR variability measurement was made before and after beta-blockade in dogs at high (n = 10) and low (n = 12) risk for VF. Arrhythmia risk was determined on the basis of development of VF during exercise and transient myocardial ischemia 30 days after infarction. No sham-prepared animals developed VF. Preinfarction measurements of HR variability were not different between the groups before beta-blockade, but HR variability increased much more in response to beta-blockade in animals destined to be resistant compared with susceptible animals (289 +/- 26 to 369 +/- 35 msec, delta 27.7%, versus 270 +/- 36 to 283 +/- 34 milliseconds, delta 4.8%, respectively, P &lt; .01). Immediately after infarction, HR variability was significantly attenuated in all dogs, but in the resistant dogs it recovered to pre-myocardial infarction levels within 10 days. After the infarction, beta-blockade did not increase HR variability in either group of animals. Postoperative increases in HR variability from beta-blockade were preserved in the sham group. Susceptible animals were characterized by a persistent attenuation of HR variability throughout the 30 days. CONCLUSIONS The depression in HR variability produced by myocardial infarction has a clearly different temporal recovery pattern between low- and high-risk animals. After myocardial infarction, beta-adrenergic blockade does not alter HR variability, thus preserving its predictive value. Before myocardial infarction, however, beta-blockade increases HR variability only in the animals destined to be at low risk for lethal arrhythmias after the infarction. The recovery pattern of HR variability after myocardial infarction may contribute to the early recognition of individuals at high risk for sudden death.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Percutaneous Coronary InterventionP ercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a treatment for persons experiencing myocardial ischemia (inadequate blood flow to the heart) or myocardial infarction (heart attack).The goal of PCI is to open up a coronary artery (blood vessel that brings blood and oxygen to the heart muscle) and restore blood flow.Primary PCI is an emergency treatment performed to reduce the amount of heart muscle permanently damaged by a heart attack.Primary PCI reduces the mortality (death) rate from heart attack.The February 11, 2004, issue of JAMA includes an article about the use of PCI to treat heart attacks.
Bronchorrhea or Bronchitis?
Authors: A. E. ANDERSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

The conventional tendency is to consider chronic bronchitis in clinical terms of excessive mucus secretion in the bronchial tree, with bronchial mucous gland hypertrophy as the essential morphologic hallmark. This approach is restrictive and probably has enhanced much of the existing misunderstanding among investigators working with bronchitis and related conditions. The distinction between clinical expressions and anatomical changes is stressed. The reasons for defining chronic bronchitis in morbid anatomic terms are given. These terms should include, but in no way be restricted to, bronchial gland hypertrophy. Other morbid changes, such as epithelial metaplasia and inflammatory infiltrates, rank at least equally in importance.
Neurotische Depression und das Erleben des Alterns
Authors: H. Quint
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)

Certain forms of neurotic depressions that occur in connection and persuant to aging are reported. Although old-age brings along conflicts for biological, psychological, and sociological reasons, there need not develop a pathological situation in normal cases. A certain amnesic, however, may create a particular aptness for aging to become a situation of failing in which neurotic depressions will or may be manifested.
Flautist's chin
Authors: A. Inoue, A Shoji, T. Fujita
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Flautist's chin Get access A. Inoue, A. Inoue Department of Dermatology, Osaka Kaisei Hospital. 4‐6‐6, Toyosaki, Kita‐ku Osaka 543. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A Shoji, A Shoji Department of Dermatology, Osaka Kaisei Hospital. 4‐6‐6, Toyosaki, Kita‐ku Osaka 543. Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Fujita T. Fujita Osaka City Institue of Public Health and Environament Seience, 8‐34 Tojo‐cho. Tennoji‐Ku, Osaka 543, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 1, 1 January 1997, Page 147, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb08778.x Published: 01 January 1997