tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NUCLEIN SOLUTION; A CLINICAL STUDY.
Authors: OSCAR R. TOMLINSON
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In the medical service of an institution like the New York Infant Asylum, where a large number of infants and young children are to be cared for, many of whom are received in a very poor condition of health and with a tendency to various hereditary diseases, it is often difficult to know just how to properly treat many of the more or less chronic ailments they are apt to be afflicted with, and I have endeavored to ascertain if some one of the newer remedies would not be of benefit in those cases we used to call scrofula, and in fact all of the cases in which we meet with enlarged lymphatic glands, and with persistent discharges from the nose and ears, sore gums, skin eruptions, etc. My attention was attracted a few months ago to the nuclein solution originated by Professor Vaughan of Ann Arbor, and I thought
The Fat Man's Luncheon
Authors: Edward F. Skinner
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The quick lunch of a 10-cent bag of peanuts and a cup of black coffee or a soft drink is a simple reducing aid. Peanuts are a bean and not a nut, and contain<i>no cholesterol</i>. Surprisingly, peanuts contain more protein than most meats. This lunch will stay in the stomach for several hours and allay the pangs of hunger until supper time. The peanuts are always available, easily carried in a pocket, and will allow the patient to have a moderate-sized breakfast and supper. The patient suddenly finds that he has an extra hour for work in the middle of the day that he used to spend on his lunch hour, and he may be able to get home an hour earlier in the evening and thus avoid the stress and strain of the rush hour traffic. Our affluent society has thus come full circle. Peanuts
Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Survival
Authors: P. Armitage
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BRITISH strangulation, and convulsions, the last lasting for up to 24 hours.The epidemic spread, by repute only, to a few girls at a factory several miles distant, and the flames were fanned by the rumour that plague was spreading from a cotton bag.The arrival on the scene of Dr. William St. Clare, with his portable electric shock machine and his reassurances that all was "nervous" in origin, brought the epi- demic to a prompt conclusion.-Iam, etc.,
T2 VEGF signalling:differences in isoforms?
Authors: K Ourradi, C Jarrett, T Blythe, SL Barratt, GI Welsh, AB Millar
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3></h3> Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) undergoes alternate splicing producing isoforms with differing functional effects. The most biologically active and extensively studied isoform is VEGF<sub>165</sub>. An isoform that causes inhibition of endothelial proliferation, migration and permeability, VEGF<sub>165</sub>b has also been identified (Bates <i><i>et al</i></i>. 2002). We have previously investigated the downstream signalling mechanisms in response to VEGF<sub>165 </sub>in pulmonary and systemic endothelial cells and have now compared these to the effects of VEGF<sub>165</sub>b. HUVEC and Human Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HMVEC-L) were treated with both VEGF isoforms. Phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 (tyr<sup>1175</sup> and tyr<sup>1214</sup>) was measured along with phosphorylation/activation of pMEK1/2, p44/42MAPK (regulating cell proliferation) and eNOS (involved in cell permeability). We have previously shown the functional effects of VEGF<sub>165/</sub>VEGF<sub>165</sub>b on HMVEC-L proliferation (Varet <i>et al</i>. 2010). We have now explored the functional effects of VEGF<sub>165</sub>/ VEGF<sub>165</sub>b on cell permeability parameters by Endohm and Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensor (ECIS) measurements and modification in VE-cadherin cell distribution. The effects of the eNOS inhibitor L-NIO were also investigated. VEGF<sub>165</sub> induced maximal phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 at tyr<sup>1175</sup> and tyr<sup>1214 </sup>between 5 and 10min (&gt;10 fold increase), VEGF<sub>165</sub>b induced less than 5 fold increase compared to control. Comparable results for both isoforms were seen for activation of pMEK1/2, p42/44MAPK and eNOS. The two permeability assessments showed an increase in cells permeability due to VEGF<sub>165</sub> (HUVEC p &lt; 0.001); (HMVEC-l p &lt; 0.01) in contrast to VEGF<sub>165</sub>b. This may be reflected by the differential changes in the cellular distribution of VE-cadherin induced in both cell types by VEGF isofroms. Treatment with L-NIO inhibited the effect of VEGF<sub>165</sub>b suggesting a potential regulatory mechanism.. VEGF<sub>165</sub>b induces differential responses to VEGF<sub>165</sub> in HUVEC and HMVEC-L. These observations suggest separate pathways for the regulation of mitogenesis and permeability which may be targeted.
Clinical Evaluation of Emission Tomography Using Seven-Pinhole Collimator: Improved Detection of Perfusion Defect by the Addition of the Right Anterior Oblique Projection
Authors: NAGARA TAMAKI, YOSHIHARU YONEKURA, TAKAO MUKAI, KAZUTAKA YAMAMOTO, TORU FUJITA, KOTARO MINATO, YASUSHI ISHII, KANJI TORIZUKA, HIROFUMI KAMBARA, CHUICHI KAWAI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

The clinical efficacy of thallium emission myocardial tomography using a seven-pinhole collimator in the right anterior oblique (RAO) projection was evaluated. Myocardial tomography in left anterior oblique (LAO) and RAO projections was performed following planar thallium perfusion imaging at rest in 11 patients with myocardial infarction. The RAO tomogram was useful, especially in detecting apical perfusion defects, while the LAO tomogram was useful in detecting inferior and anteroseptal wall defects. For the four patients without an apparent myocardial perfusion defect seen on the planar image, the LAO tomogram showed a perfusion defect in three, and the RAO tomogram also showed the defect in three. One or the other of the two views demonstrated the defect for all 11 patients. The myocardial tomogram in the RAO projection, providing a sufficiently high-quality and high-contrast image, gives useful information complementary to the findings of the commonly used LAO projection in the evaluation of myocardial infarctions.
Isolation for the Compromised Host
Authors: Gerald P. Bodey
Journal: JAMA (1975)

NOSOCOMIAL infection has become a serious problem in recent years. A substantial number of these infections are caused by Gram-negative bacilli.<sup>1</sup>The emergence of these organisms as a major cause of infection in hospitalized patients is due, in part, to the control of streptococcal and staphylococcal infections with effective antibiotic therapy. Gram-negative bacillary infections are a special threat to patients with impaired hostdefense mechanisms. Most hospitals are populated with increasing numbers of these patients due to improvements in the management of a variety of chronic debilitating diseases. Agents such as adrenal corticosteroids, alkylating agents, and antimetabolites are being used extensively in the fields of organ transplantation, autoimmune disorders, hematological diseases, and metastatic malignancies. These agents contribute to the problem because their toxicity includes myelosuppression and impairment of immunological mechanisms. Reverse isolation has been an accepted technique for protecting compromised hosts from acquiring nosocomial infection. However, the effectiveness
Genetic Studies on Staphylococcal Strains from Patients with Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: BARRY N. KREISWIRTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Thirteen isolates of Staphylococcus aureus that produce the toxic shock syndrome exotoxin were screened to identify and characterize this specific determinant and understand its role in pathogenicity. These stains belong to phage group 1, are sensitive to phage 29, and are similar with respect to their resistance to cadmium, arsenate, and penicillin. These three resistances, commonly found on plasmids in many strains of S. aureus, were not plasmid-associated in 13 toxic shock strains. The cadmium and arsenate resistances were cotransferred both in transduction and in protoplast fusion; penicillin resistance was unlinked. The toxic syndrome exotoxin gene was not linked to any of these three traits. We suggest that the trait is borne by a special genetic element that acts as a heterologous chromosomal insertion and is independent of the cadmium-arsenate linkage group or the penicillinase determinant. The genetic properties of extracellular proteins in S. aureus are reviewed as possible models for the acquisition or expression of this toxic shock antigen.
Preparation of the Vagina for Surgery
Authors: Marvin S. Amstey
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Patients undergoing major vaginal surgery and treated with prophylactic antibiotics were assigned to two groups in which the effectiveness of preoperative vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine was compared with that of saline solution. There was no difference in postoperative morbidity between the two groups, although a few more infections occurred in the group treated with povidone-iodine. It is suggested that simple dilution of the quantity of bacteria in the vagina is all that is essential for adequate preoperative vaginal preparation. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:839-841)
Soluble urokinase receptor is a biomarker of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Björn Meijers, Ruben Poesen, Kathleen Claes, Ruth Dietrich, Bert Bammens, Ben Sprangers, Maarten Naesens, Markus Storr, Dirk Kuypers, Pieter Evenepoel
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Universal Grammar: Hypothesis space or grammar selection procedures? Is UG affected by Critical Periods?
Authors: Gita Martohardjono, Samuel David Epstein, Suzanne Flynn
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Universal Grammar (UG) can be interpreted as a constraint on the form of possible grammars (hypothesis space) or as a constraint on acquisition strategies (selection procedures). In this response to Herschensohn we reiterate the position outlined in Epstein et al. (1996a, r), that in the evaluation of L2 acquisition as a UG- constrained process the former (possible grammars/ knowledge states) is critical, not the latter. Selection procedures, on the other hand, are important in that they may have a bearing on development in language acquisition. We raise the possibility that differences in first and second language acquisition pertaining to both attainment of the end-state and course of development may derive from differences in selection procedures. We further suggest that for these reasons age effects in the attainment of nativelike proficiency must necessarily be separated from UG effects.
In Vino Veritas
Authors: G. G. Liddle
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In line with Ponce de Leon's search for the Fountain of Youth, and Diogenes' lamp-lighting quest of honesty, I have been conducting (quietly) a continuing search for truth, specifically, that to be found in wine, according to the formula,<i>In Vino Veritas</i>. Prompted by Samuel Johnson's thought that the man who needed wine to tell the truth had to begin as a miserable cringing liar, and accelerated by the failures of scopolamine and truth serums, my search for the wine of truth has involved several absurd charges of disorderly conduct, and firm refusals of bartenders to honor credit cards. At Mme Pointe's at Vienne my request was served with an 1897 Chateau Lafite Rothschild which was excellent but attended by unfortunate circumstances similar to those at L'Oustau de la Baumanière, where I washed dishes for a week under humiliating conditions. At Viana do Castelho, where I would
Labile plasma iron (LPI) as an indicator of chelatable plasma redox activity in iron-overloaded β-thalassemia/HbE patients treated with an oral chelator
Authors: Pensri Pootrakul, William Breuer, Matias Sametband, Pornpan Sirankapracha, Chaim Hershko, Z. Ioav Cabantchik
Journal: Blood (2004)
How and why the brain makes dreams: A report card on current research on dreaming
Authors: Rosalind Cartwright
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The target articles in this volume address the three major questions about dreaming that have been most responsible for the delay in progress in this field over the past 25 years. These are: (1) Where in the brain is dreaming produced, given that dream reports can be elicited from sleep stages other than REM? (2) Do dream plots have any intrinsic meaning? (3) Does dreaming serve some specialized function? The answers offered here when added together support a new model of dreaming that is testable, and should revitalize this area of study. [Hobson et al.; Nielsen; Revonsuo; Solms; Vertes &amp; Eastman]
THE RESULTS OF MEDICAL TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER
Authors: RALPH C. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Prior to 1915, when Sippy<sup>1</sup>published his first paper on the medical treatment of ulcer, the forms of treatment in general use were chiefly of the Lenhartz type, a therapy based on bland foods, bed rest, hot fomentations and minimal doses of alkalis. Sippy became convinced that greater efficiency in treatment could be achieved by clearly recognizing the important influence of the digestive action of gastric juice on the unprotected raw surface of a gastric or duodenal ulcer. He believed that the peculiar tendency to great chronicity displayed by these lesions was due to the chemical action on the exposed surface of the ulcer of the powerful proteolytic gastric juice and advanced the theory that the healing of peptic ulcer could best be achieved by elimination of this deleterious chemical digestive action, an effect to be secured by complete neutralization of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric content from
Large Anomalous Fibrous Sac in the Right Side of the Heart
Authors: R. D. SUTHERLAND, PAUL STANGER, A. R. W. CLIMIE, MICHAEL H. F. QQINN, JESSE E. EDWARDS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

In an adult with atrial septal defect, an unusual conical-shaped fibrous sac resembling a closed windsock occupied the right ventricle and main pulmonary artery. The base of the sac being attached by fibrous strands to the right atrium suggests that the structure is derived from the right valve of the sinus venosus. The sac is considered to have filled with blood, thereby reducing potential right ventricular diastolic volume. It is probable that the sac emptied into the right atrium during right ventricular systole, thereby creating a functional state comparable to that of tricuspid insufficiency. Occupation of right ventricular space by the sac established a state somewhat comparable to that in Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve.
Trichinosis in Man and Animals
Authors: George L. Fite
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In this volume, which provides a total coverage of trichinosis, the chapters which will interest clinicians most are those written by the editor, discussing pathology, symptomatology, and diagnosis of trichinosis. All practical procedures for approach to the diagnosis and treatment are nicely illustrated. Although the life cycle of the trichina is well worked out, and elaborate presentation of the anatomy is effectively given, diagnosis of trichinosis in early stages remains difficult, and specific drug treatment, in spite of extensive study of many agents, is not yet determined. In the chapter by Kagan and Norman the problems of immunology are directed toward broad clinical diagnostic application. The last fourth of the book exhibits the world distribution of trichinosis in animals and man, and other chapters combine to make this an excellent reference text, for investigator and public health practitioner.
Local Pollen Counts Correlate With Plasma Complement Levels And Peripheral Blood Complement Receptor Levels Of Adult Asthmatics Requiring Emergency Department Treatment
Authors: R. Joks, R. Shams, M.S. Dzindzhikhashvili, M. Watson, S. Chice, M. Nowakowski, D.P. Erstein, R. Sinert, H.G. Durkin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Reduction of Digitalis Toxicity by Computer-Assisted Glycoside Dosage Regimens
Authors: ROGER W. JELLIFFE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Computer-assisted dosage regimens of digitalis leaf, digitoxin, digoxin, and deslanoside (Cedilanid-D®) have reduced the frequency of adverse reactions to such glycosides from 35% to 12% (P < 0.001) in one group of patients and to 4% in another group (P < 0.05). These regimens have increased the precision and safety of digitalis therapy, especially in renal disease or in uncertain states of digitalization. The computer program employs mathematical descriptions of digitalis-glycoside kinetics in patients with normal and reduced renal function. The computed total body glycoside concentrations correlate with clinical behavior, serum glycoside levels, and myocardial digoxin levels. Computed body concentrations can be compared with the patient's past and present clinical state; a new concentration to achieve can be selected. The computer prints a dosage regimen for the stated therapeutic goals, adjusted to body weight, renal function, and route of administration, properly replacing other glycosides if present.
Escape From Custody: A Study of Alcoholism and Institutional Dependency as Reflected in the Life Record of a Homeless Man
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1974)

While interviewing alcoholics at a Salvation Army Center in 1945, Robert Straus came across Frank Moore, who was obviously more intelligent, better read, and more thoughtful than the other skid row inhabitants. Then began a relationship between the researcher and the derelict lasting until Frank's death in 1972. Straus made a few attempts to enlist Frank in treatment programs, but soon found this useless. He did continue to be a friend, correspondent, and confidante. Frank willingly told Straus much of his life history at the start of their acquaintance and continued to keep him informed, mainly by letters, of the events of the rest of his life—chiefly visits to jails and hospitals, interspersed with drinking bouts. His letters included his reflections on alcoholism, treatment programs, the welfare system, the courts, and the people he encountered. This book consists largely of Frank's own statements, a few letters from his mother, social
Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Henry T. Ricketts
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The oral-aural interplay (feedback and hear-back, as it were) that characterizes a symposium is of enormous benefit to the participants. Almost by definition, however, medical symposia are the meat of specialists, nay subspecialists, and the fare is of limited interest to the uninitiated. In published form, such proceedings lack the sparkle of faceto-face dialogue and the reader must content himself with relatively dry bones. Nevertheless, they do serve as useful reviews of recent developments and trends, and they offer between two covers summaries of many original investigations that have been reported in widely scattered journals. Such a book is this one. Its language is English as was the language of the Stockholm meeting, and the style, despite the numerous contributors, is almost uniformly excellent. It is abundantly and discriminatingly illustrated. The most stimulating of the contributions is that of the editors themselves. They offer persuasive evidence from their own extensive
CLINICAL IMPACT AND PROGNOSIS OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTABTION FOR SEVERE AND SYMPTOMATIC AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Lisa Marie Green, Gilles Rioufol, Pierre Yves Leroux, Mathieu Vergnat, Jean-Fran&ccedil;ois Obadia, Christine Saroul, Guy Durand de Gevigney, Eric Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Pierre Croisille, G&eacute;rard Finet
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Human parvovirus B19 infection in hemophiliacs first infused with two high‐purity, virally attenuated factor Vlll concentrates
Authors: A. Azzi, S. Ciappi, K. Zakvrzewska, M. Morfini, G. Mariani, P. M. Mannucci
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract Human parvovirus B19 can be transmitted by coagulation factor concentrates and is highly resistant to virucidal methods. To evaluate whether the additional removal of virus by chromatographic methods during the manufacture of high‐purity concentrates re‐duces the risk of B19 transmission, we have prospectively evaluated the rate of anti‐B19 seroconversion in two groups of susceptible (anti‐B19 negative) hemophiliacs infused with high‐purity, heated (pasteurized) or solvent‐detergent‐treated factor Vlll concen‐ trates. Both products infected a relatively high proportion of patients (nine of 20).
Inhibitory autocrine factors produced by the mesenchyme-derived hair follicle dermal papilla may be a key to male pattern baldness
Authors: K. Hamada, V.A. Randall
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Androgenetic alopecia, or male pattern baldness, is a common, progressive disorder where large, terminal scalp hairs are gradually replaced by smaller hairs in precise patterns until only tiny vellus hairs remain. This balding can cause a marked reduction in the quality of life. Although these changes are driven by androgens, most molecular mechanisms are unknown, limiting available treatments. The mesenchyme-derived dermal papilla at the base of the mainly epithelial hair follicle controls the type of hair produced and is probably the site through which androgens act on follicle cells by altering the regulatory paracrine factors produced by dermal papilla cells. During changes in hair size the relationship between the hair and dermal papilla size remains constant, with alterations in both dermal papilla volume and cell number. This suggests that alterations within the dermal papilla itself play a key role in altering hair size in response to androgens. Cultured dermal papilla cells offer a useful model system to investigate this as they promote new hair growth in vivo, retain characteristics in vitro which reflect their parent follicle's response to androgens in vivo and secrete mitogenic factors for dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes.To investigate whether cultured dermal papilla cells from balding follicles secrete altered amounts/types of mitogenic factors for dermal papilla cells than those from larger, normal follicles. We also aimed to determine whether rodent cells would recognize mitogenic signals from human cells in vitro and whether factors produced by balding dermal papilla cells could alter the start of a new mouse hair cycle in vivo.Dermal papilla cells were cultured from normal, balding and almost clinically normal areas of balding scalps and their ability to produce mitogenic factors compared using both human and rat whisker dermal papilla cells as in vitro targets and mouse hair growth in vivo.Normal scalp cells produced soluble factors which stimulated the growth of both human scalp and rat whisker dermal papilla cells in vitro, demonstrating dose-responsive mitogenic capability across species. Although balding cells stimulated some growth, this was much reduced and they also secreted inhibitory factor(s). Balding cell media also delayed new hair growth when injected into mice.Human balding dermal papilla cells secrete inhibitory factors which affect the growth of both human and rodent dermal papilla cells and factors which delay the onset of anagen in mice in vivo. These inhibitory factor(s) probably cause the formation of smaller dermal papillae and smaller hairs in male pattern baldness. Identification of such factor(s) could lead to novel therapeutic approaches.
A novel approach in allergen-specific immunotherapy: Combination of sublingual and subcutaneous routes
Authors: Sevgi Keles, Elif Karakoc-Aydiner, Ahmet Ozen, Ayse Gul Izgi, Ayzer Tevetoglu, Tunc Akkoc, Nerin N. Bahceciler, Isil Barlan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)