tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of isoprenaline and propranolol on rat myocardial ornithine decarboxylase
Authors: J. W. WARNICA, P. ANTONY, K. GIBSON, P. HARRIS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Journal Article The effect of isoprenaline and propranolol on rat myocardial ornithine decarboxylase Get access J. WAYNE WARNICA, J. WAYNE WARNICA 2 From the Cardiothoracic Institute, University of London, 2 Beaumont Street, London WIN 2DX 2 Canadian Medical Research Council Fellow. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PAULA ANTONY, PAULA ANTONY From the Cardiothoracic Institute, University of London, 2 Beaumont Street, London WIN 2DX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KEITH GIBSON, KEITH GIBSON From the Cardiothoracic Institute, University of London, 2 Beaumont Street, London WIN 2DX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PETER HARRIS PETER HARRIS From the Cardiothoracic Institute, University of London, 2 Beaumont Street, London WIN 2DX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 9, Issue 6, November 1975, Pages 793–796, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/9.6.793 Published: 01 November 1975
62 PHASE II HCVac STUDY OF TG4040 IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC IN COMBINATION WITH PEGIFNa2a AND RIBAVIRIN IN GENOTYPE 1 CHC TREATMENT NAÏVE PATIENTS: SVR24 FINAL RESULTS
Authors: H. Wedemeyer, E. Janczewska Kazek, M. Wlodzimierz, C. Stanciu, F. Habersetzer, V. Carreno, A. Di Bisceglie, C. Tanasescu, R. Flisiak, M. Romero-Gomez, A. Fich, M. Hennequi, C. Bain, P. Zerr, D. Agathon, N. Adda, J.-Y. Bonnefoy, G. Inchauspé, P. Ancian, J.-M. Limacher
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Historical Controls
Authors: Louis Lasagna
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

The practicing physician ordinarily has little specific impact on the decision to market a drug. Before regulatory approval, the research on a new drug is conceived, executed, and evaluated by a complex chain of industrial, academic, and regulatory scientists and statisticians. Publication of the evidence on the efficacy and safety of a new medicine involves an additional set of people — reviewers and editors — who are rarely if ever "ordinary" practitioners.But eventually the doctor in practice becomes the prepotent figure. After a drug is marketed, it is only through the physician's pen and prescription pad that the medication . . .
Violence and the Struggle for Existence
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The day after Robert Kennedy was assassinated, some members of the Psychiatry Department of Stanford University decided to see what they, as behavioral scientists, could do about the growing problem of violence. This unusual book, published less than two years later, is the result. The authors evidently studied the extensive literature on violence, shared their findings with each other in conferences and seminars, eventually synthesized their material, and formulated their ideas in book form. The 15 chapters dealing with various aspects of the problem are written by different authors but show the result of shared effort and good editing. There is little of the repetition and contradiction which commonly mar multiple-authored works. The first four chapters, which present and explain the biological, psychodynamic, environmental, and cybernetic theories of aggression, are followed by an interesting discussion of alternatives to violence. The next seven chapters deal with such varied topics as intergroup
Assisted Ventilation During ‘Bystander’ CPR in a Swine Acute Myocardial Infarction Model Does Not Improve Outcome
Authors: Robert A. Berg, Karl B. Kern, Ronald W. Hilwig, Gordon A. Ewy
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing is a barrier to the performance of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We evaluated the need for assisted ventilation during simulated single-rescuer bystander CPR in a swine myocardial infarction model of prehospital cardiac arrest. Methods and Results Steel cylinders were placed in the mid left anterior descending coronary arteries of 43 swine. Two minutes after ventricular fibrillation, animals were randomly assigned to 10 minutes of hand–bag-valve ventilation with 17% oxygen and 4% carbon dioxide plus chest compressions (CC+V), chest compressions only (CC), or no CPR (control group). Standard advanced life support was then provided. Animals successfully resuscitated received 1 hour of intensive care support and were observed for 24 hours. Five of 14 CC animals, 3 of 15 CC+V animals, and 1 of 14 controls survived for 24 hours (CC versus controls, P =.07). Myocardial oxygen delivery and consumption were greater among surviving animals than nonsurvivors but did not differ between CC and CC+V animals. Conclusions In this acute myocardial infarction model of prehospital single-rescuer bystander CPR, assisted ventilation did not improve outcome.
ONO-AE3-208 inhibits myeloid derived suppressor cells and glioma growth
Authors: Gary Kohanbash, Erin Straw, Brian Ahn, Hideho Okada
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) heavily infiltrate in a variety of solid tumors and suppress anti-tumor T-cell activity. Our recent studies have demonstrated the ability of monocytic, Ly6C+ MDSCs to promote glioma growth through the activation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2
Long-term in vivo biostability of poly(dimethylsiloxane)/poly(hexamethylene oxide) mixed macrodiol-based polyurethane elastomers
Authors: Anne Simmons, Jari Hyvarinen, Ross A Odell, Darren J Martin, Pathiraja A Gunatillake, Kathryn R Noble, Laura A Poole-Warren
Journal: Biomaterials (2004)
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in British hospitals.
Authors: A. McIntyre
Journal: BMJ (1992)

higher in the treated group2; for these two reasons the use of this particular drug has waned.The two other trials each showed a significant benefit in reduction of coronary risk with two very different drugs."This is strong evidence that use of carefully selected drugs to lower cholesterol concentra- tion has an important clinical benefit.I do not believe that the meta-analysis alters this view.
The relationship of in vivo31P MR spectroscopy to histology in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Adrian K.P. Lim, Nayna Patel, Gavin Hamilton, Joseph V. Hajnal, Robert D. Goldin, Simon D. Taylor-Robinson
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for characterizing diffuse liver disease and is associated with significant morbidity and, rarely, mortality. Our aim was to investigate whether a noninvasive technique, in vivo phosphorus 31 ( 31 P)–magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), could be used to assess the severity of hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related liver disease. Fifteen healthy controls and 48 patients with biopsy–proven HCV–related liver disease were studied prospectively. Based on their histologic fibrosis (F) and necroinflammatory (NI) scores, patients were divided into mild hepatitis (F ≤ 2/6, NI ≤ 3/18), moderate/severe hepatitis (3 ≤ F &lt; 6 or NI ≥ 4/18), and cirrhosis (F = 6/6). Hepatic 31 P MR spectra were obtained using a 1.5–T spectroscopy system. Quantitation of the 31 P signals was performed in the time domain using the Advanced MAgnetic RESonance algorithm. There was a monotonic increase in the mean ± 1 standard error phosphomonoester (PME) to phosphodiester (PDE) ratios for the control, mild disease, moderate disease, and cirrhosis groups: 0.15 ± 0.01, 0.18 ± 0.02, 0.25 ± 0.02, 0.38 ± 0.04, respectively (ANOVA, P &lt; .001). An 80% sensitivity and specificity was achieved when using a PME/PDE ratio less than or equal to 0.2 to denote mild hepatitis and a corresponding ratio greater than or equal to 0.3 to denote cirrhosis. No other significant spectral changes were observed. In conclusion, 31 P MRS can separate mild from moderate disease and these 2 groups from cirrhosis. The ability to differentiate these populations of patients has therapeutic implications and 31 P MRS, in some situations, would not only complement a liver biopsy but could replace it and be of particular value in assessing disease progression. (Hepatology 2003;37:788–794.)
TRICHINOSIS AS A CAUSE OF MAJOR ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS
Authors: JEROME A. COVEY
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Arteriosclerosis obliterans and thromboangiitis obliterans are most commonly the causes of thrombosis in large arteries. Less frequently certain specific forms of arteritis due to syphilitic, rheumatic and acute infections, of which typhoid, typhus and influenza are examples, may result in thrombosis of major arteries in the lower extremities. Trauma, ergotism and certain blood dyscrasias such as polycythemia vera<sup>1</sup>must also be considered in the etiologic analysis of arterial thrombosis. Nygaard and Brown<sup>2</sup>describe idiopathic simple arterial thrombosis. Such additional etiologic agencies as chronic ulcerative colitis,<sup>3</sup>hypertensive cardiovascular disease and congestive failure have been described in the literature as rare causes. Trichinosis has been considered as a potential source of arterial thrombosis. Kilduffe and others<sup>4</sup>describe a case of femoral arterial thrombosis resulting in gangrene and amputation of an extremity about seventeen days after the onset of the disease. Dr. Kilduffe believed that the trichinosis and femoral
The Healthy Men Study: An Evaluation of Exposure to Disinfection By-Products in Tap Water and Sperm Quality
Authors: Thomas J. Luben, Andrew F. Olshan, Amy H. Herring, Susan Jeffay, Lillian Strader, Rebecca M. Buus, Ronna L. Chan, David A. Savitz, Philip C. Singer, Howard S. Weinberg, Sally D. Perreault
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Chlorination of drinking water generates disinfection by-products (DBPs), which have been shown to disrupt spermatogenesis in rodents at high doses, suggesting that DBPs could pose a reproductive risk to men. In this study we assessed DBP exposure and testicular toxicity, as evidenced by altered semen quality.We conducted a cohort study to evaluate semen quality in men with well-characterized exposures to DBPs. Participants were 228 presumed fertile men with different DBP profiles. They completed a telephone interview about demographics, health history, water consumption, and other exposures and provided a semen sample. Semen outcomes included sperm concentration and morphology, as well as DNA integrity and chromatin maturity. Exposures to DBPs were evaluated by incorporating data on water consumption and bathing and showering with concentrations measured in tap water. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the relationship between exposure to DBPs and adverse sperm outcomes.The mean (median) sperm concentration and sperm count were 114.2 (90.5) million/mL and 362 (265) million, respectively. The mean (median) of the four trihalomethane species (THM4) exposure was 45.7 (65.3) microg/L, and the mean (median) of the nine haloacetic acid species (HAA9) exposure was 30.7 (44.2) microg/L. These sperm parameters were not associated with exposure to these classes of DBPs. For other sperm outcomes, we found no consistent pattern of increased abnormal semen quality with elevated exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) or haloacetic acids (HAAs). The use of alternate methods for assessing exposure to DBPs and site-specific analyses did not change these results.The results of this study do not support an association between exposure to levels of DBPs near or below regulatory limits and adverse sperm outcomes in humans.
Blood Groups and Disease: Previous Transfusion as a Potential Source of Error in Blood Typing
Authors: C. A. Clarke, W. T. A. Donohoe, R. B. McConnell, J. H. Martindale, P. M. Sheppard
Journal: BMJ (1962)

OUALNo relationship between the placental site and the duration of pregnancy or the length of labour was found.ADDENDUM.-Oneobjection to the present study is that the assessment of the length of labour when the placenta has partially extended on to the uterine fundus may not adequately test Csapo's hypothesis (personal communication, 1961) as he postulates an effect only when the placenta is completely fundal.Nevertheless, there were five completely fundal placentae in the present series, and the length of labour was very short in two of these cases (2 and 24 hours).
Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus by Artificial Insemination
Authors: William R. Berry
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Although the capacity for transmission of hepatitis B infection by semen is well recognized, the potential for transmission by artificial insemination remains theoretical. Currently, screening of semen donors for hepatitis B virus infection is not standard practice. We saw a case of acute viral hepatitis B in a woman following artificial insemination with semen from a donor subsequently found to be positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Both the donor serum and semen contained HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen, and the HBsAg subtype was identical to that of the patient. Documentation of hepatitis B virus transmission by artificial insemination indicates that HBsAg screening of semen donors should be routine practice. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:1079-1081)
More daylight, better health: why we shouldn't be putting the clocks back this weekend
Authors: M. Hillman
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Lack of exercise is a major public health problem in the United Kingdom, contributing to the incidence of chronic illness. Adults are recommended to engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate or vigorous activity daily and children at least an hour. However, surveys have shown a trend towards declining fitness, on the basis of which it has been predicted that more than half the population will be clinically obese by 2050.

Health experts have proposed urgent action to remedy this situation, and the government now aims to get far more of the inactive population walking or gardening regularly or, preferably, taking up more vigorous physical activity, such as sports, aerobics, or cycling (especially as a means of travel). Although most people are aware of the benefits—a lessened risk of coronary heart disease, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and some cancers—routine physical activity features in few people’s everyday lives. Only a small proportion of adults are motivated to undertake it throughout the year, and the school curriculum allocates insufficient time for it. …
Effect of Interferon-α-2b on the enhancement of tumor uptake of Tc-99m labeled monoclonal antibody
Authors: J. Li, R. Duggaraju, D. R. Maish, M. L. Thakur
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Dept. of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107 This work was supported by DOEFG0292ER61485.
Incidence of volleyball injuries in elite junior female players: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: G Nesic, V Ilic, M Sikimic, M Dopsaj
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Injuries in volleyball are quite frequent and most likely caused by increased frequency, intensity and duration of training. Objective, setting The aim of the present study was to examine the incidence and mechanisms of injuries among top eight European junior female national teams. Design, methods Injury occurrence for the 2009–2010 season were collected by using a questionnaire. Results Of the 84 volleyball players (87.50% response rate), a total of 66 (78.54%) female players sustained 75 injuries, representing an overall incidence of 0.89 injuries per player. The national team players of the Czech Republic and Turkey reported the highest number of injuries, while the Italian team had the lowest number of injuries in the past season. An ankle (33.33%) was the most commonly injured region, followed by a knee (20%), fingers (17.33%) and shoulder (16%). Ankle injuries seemed to be more serious problem in the National team players of the Czech Republic (8/13 or 61.53%), while shoulder injuries were most common in the Russian National team (7/12 or 58.33%). Almost half of the reported injuries (48%) occurred in contact with another player. Majority of injuries occurred during training (41.33%), and 48% of all injuries were localized on the left side of the body. Most injuries were associated with play along the net, that is, blocking (41.33%) and spiking (24%). 53% of the injuries were slight or minor causing absence from training session time of less than 1 week. Conclusions Although all female players participated in some kind of injury prevention training during preseason or season, more than three-quarters of the players reported an injury during the season, indicating that this vulnerable population is especially sensitive and should be better adapted to training. Also, heterogeneity in localization of incurred injuries among players of different national teams could be observed thought different training techniques.
Cold Injury of the Newborn
Authors: Mark C. Rogers, Martin Greenberg, Joel J. Alpert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

COLD injury of the newborn is a well described entity in the European literature,1 2 3 4 but there are only scattered case reports of this problem in the United States, and then only in the immediate newborn period.5 , 6 In this country, hospital delivery and central heating probably prevent the immediate newborn and later neonatal environmental cold stress that appears to be the major cause of this syndrome. Nevertheless, recognition of cold stress as the major insult in infants usually thought to be suffering from sepsis can be extremely important in the choice of specific treatment directed at the severe hypothermia. Three cases . . .
Early Intermittent Hypoxia Induces Proatherogenic Changes in Aortic Wall Macrophages in a Murine Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Alex Gileles-Hillel, Isaac Almendros, Abdelnaby Khalyfa, Shelley X. Zhang, Yang Wang, David Gozal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

To gain insight into what biological role the methylation differences might contribute, the methylation data were functionally annotated, using Gene Ontology and the Human Protein Reference Database (www.hprd.org; Figure 2C), with subsequent Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to determine the biological pathways represented in the 75 unique hypermethylated genes and the 202 unique hypomethylated genes.The top pathway represented in the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of the 75 hypermethylated genes was "cellular growth and proliferation," with 11 molecules represented (BMP7, GRM3, IGFBP7, NPY, RPTOR, MAPK10, HEY1, MGP, PRKCE, MEIS1 , andPRDM16; P , 3 3 10 24 to 5 3 10 22 ).In summary, these data provide ex vivo evidence that SAE basal cells from COPD smokers, and to a lesser extent SAE basal cells from "healthy" smokers, are limited in their ability to regenerate a fully differentiated epithelium.In addition, the methylation studies show that the DNA methylation profile of SAE basal cells that do not survive to Day 28 on ALI culture is significantly different than the profile of SAE basal cells that are able to successfully differentiate, suggesting that changes in DNA methylation acquired by basal cells of COPD smokers and healthy smokers in vivo may be one mechanism for the differences observed.We hypothesize that the lung microenvironment in individuals with COPD provide signals necessary to maintain the "COPD" epigenetic code within SAE basal cells, continuously supporting the disease state by altering the capacity of these stem/progenitor cells to maintain normally differentiated SAE.Therefore, even though the process of DNA methylation is reversible (15), the COPD lung environment might continuously stimulate the COPD DNA methylation profile that may determine abnormal SAE maintenance and regeneration.Thus, it is possible that studies focusing on modulating methylation profiles of SAE basal cells relevant to their capacity to regenerate normally differentiated mucociliary airway epithelium may lead to novel therapeutics to treat or prevent COPD.
STUDIES ON OXIDATION AND REDUCTION BY PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: James M. Neill, Oswald T. Avery
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. Sterile broth extracts of unwashed pneumococci actively destroy hemoglobin to methemoglobin and lower degradation products. 2. Sterile saline extracts of washed pneumococci do not by themselves form methemoglobin; extracts of this type may be completed or activated by the addition of certain complementary substances such as meat infusion and yeast extract. 3. The hemoglobin-destroying activity of pneumococcus extract is lost by exposure to 65 degrees C. for 10 minutes. 4. The properties of an extract upon which these blood changes depend are related to other known oxidation-reduction functions of the same extract. 5. Oxyhemoglobin is converted to methemoglobin only by cell extracts in the reduced form; completely oxidized extracts are inactive in the presence of blood. The action of hydrogen peroxide and the influence of blood catalase on these reactions are discussed. 6. During the reaction between oxyhemoglobin and pneumococcus extract oxygen is consumed. 7. The mechanism of methemoglobin formation by pneumococcus is interpreted as an oxidation process in which deoxygenation of oxyhemoglobin and peroxide formation occur as intermediary reactions. The active agent of the oxidation of hemoglobin is considered to be a peroxide of bacterial origin.
VASOACTIVE INOTROPIC SCORE (VIS) IS ASSOCIATED WITH OUTCOME AFTER INFANT CARDIAC SURGERY: A REPORT OF THE PEDIATRIC CARDIAC CRITICAL CARE CONSORTIUM (PC4)
Authors: Michael Gaies, Howard Jeffries, Robert Niebler, Sara Pasquali, Janet E. Donohue, Sunkyung Yu, Ravi Thiagarajan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Management of Borderline Ovarian Neoplasms
Authors: Isabelle Cadron, Karin Leunen, Toon Van Gorp, Frederic Amant, Patrick Neven, Ignace Vergote
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Over the last decades, the management of borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) has changed from radical surgery to more conservative therapy as a result of the need for fertility-sparing surgery and the increasing use of laparoscopy. The question is whether this is good clinical practice from an oncologic point of view. Here, recent literature regarding management of borderline ovarian neoplasms is reviewed, and oncologic concerns are discussed with emphasis on the mode of surgery and the possibility of fertility-sparing surgery and its consequences. Proper staging is defined as an exploration of the entire abdominal cavity with peritoneal washings, infracolic omentectomy, and multiple peritoneal biopsies as the cornerstone of a successful treatment, and this is only possible through a midline incision. For stage I disease, conservative surgery consisting of unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy or cystectomy in case of bilateral ovarian involvement or when the disease develops in the only remaining ovary is a valuable alternative in a number of young patients who want to preserve their fertility. Patients with advanced-stage disease or who are finished childbearing are treated with radical surgery consisting of peritoneal washings, total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, complete peritoneal resection of macroscopic lesions, or multiple peritoneal biopsies; in case of mucinous BOTs, patients also are treated with an appendectomy.