tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The ICRP age-specific biokinetic model for lead: validations, empirical comparisons, and explorations.
Authors: J G Pounds, R W Leggett
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The objective of this manuscript is to provide a description of the International Commission for Radiation Protection (ICRP) model and a comparison to other models (the integrated exposure uptake biokinetic [IEUBK] and O'Flaherty models), including the software used with the models, and a comparison of the model predictions for selected situations. The ICRP biokinetic model for Pb is a multicompartmental model for Pb uptake and disposition in children and in adults. The model describes deposition and retention of absorbed Pb in numerous tissues, removal from tissues to plasma, and movement along various routes of excretion. Long-term skeletal behavior of Pb is described in terms of age-specific rates of restructuring of compact and trabecular bone. The ICRP model is more flexible and has wider applicability than the IEUBK model. The major disadvantages are that application of the computer model requires some basic computer skills, and the user must convert the Pb concentrations in food, air, soil, dust, paint, or other media to the amount of Pb ingested or inhaled per day. Direct comparisons between the ICRP model and the IEUBK model are provided by modeling blood Pb levels using the IEUBK v0.99d default Pb uptakes and intake values. The model is used to simulate occupational exposure cases and a controlled Pb inhalation experiment in adult humans. Finally, use of the model to explore situations with limited data is illustrated by simulating the kinetics and disposition of Pb during acute Pb poisoning and chelation therapy in a child.
Pituitary Microadenoma and Hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Robert M. Boyar, Sheldon Kapen, Elliot D. Weitzman, Leon Hellman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The recent development of precise and sensitive radioimmunoassay methods for the measurement of human prolactin has resulted in a large body of data concerning the regulation of this hormone in physiologic and pathologic states.1 The measurement of plasma prolactin has been of special interest in the diagnosis of pituitary and hypothalamic tumors.2 Approximately one third of patients with "nonfunctioning" chromophobe adenomas have been shown to have hyperprolactinemia.3 Since the advent of polytomographic radiologic investigation of the sella turcica has been a relatively recent technical development, the true frequency of prolactin secreting pituitary tumors has to be re-evaluated. In this regard, . . .
THE COFFEY-HUMBER PATENT
Authors: John M. Rehfisch
Journal: JAMA (1931)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to Dr. MacDonald's letter inThe Journal, January 10, may I suggest that Dr. MacDonald procure from the Chemical Foundation the complete photostated file of the Coffey-Humber patent transaction. He will see that the patent office in April, 1930, refused to grant the patent in a masterly report on Coffey's preposterous claims, which were annihilated one by one by a patent examiner who dealt with them in a truly scientific fashion. He will also see (and it may surprise and shock him as much as it did me) that Ray Lyman Wilbur wrote the Patent Office requesting specially expeditious handling of the matter on account of his responsibility for the medical care of the American Indian and the Alaskan Eskimos. His next interesting discovery will be that Dr. Coffey's claims were resubmitted, July 1, 1930, and the patent granted on July 2 —an example of speed
Decline in smoking accounts for 40% of fall in US male cancer mortality
Authors: Janice Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Around 40% of the fall in the number of deaths from cancer among US men from 1991 to 2003 can be attributed to the decline in smoking, say researchers from the American Cancer Society.

Writing in Tobacco Control (2006;15:345-7), Michael Thun and Ahmedin Jemal, of the society's department of epidemiology and surveillance research, say that around 146 000 men in the United States owe their lives to antismoking efforts. But no such improvement has …
Occupational Disability: The Approaches of Government, Industry and the Universities
Authors: Mark E. Battista
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The outcome of a series of projects conducted by the Applied Psychology Department, University of Aston in Birmingham, England, Occupational Disability easily meets the editors' stated objectives: to spot-survey what is known about this subject and to begin to bridge the many interdisciplinary gaps with a view toward stimulating an integrated approach. It will fuel the already accelerating and broad-based interest in the medical, legal, social, and economic aspects of disability.  The title's reference to the approaches of government, industry, and, particularly, the universities should not lead medical care practitioners to conclude hastily that this book is primarily a statement on social policy. While several chapters illustrate the enormous impact of occupational disability, the reader can look forward to a core of valuable information and innovative suggestions in two important areas relatively neglected by the traditional medical teaching and practice models: the evaluation of impairments by physicians as part of
Commentary on ‘Photodynamic therapy versus topical imiquimod versus topical fluorouracil for treatment of superficial basal-cell carcinoma: a single blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial’
Authors: T. Nijsten
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Commentary on ‘Photodynamic therapy versus topical imiquimod versus topical fluorouracil for treatment of superficial basal‐cell carcinoma: a single blind, non‐inferiority, randomised controlled trial’ Get access T. Nijsten T. Nijsten Department of Dermatology Erasmus MC Burg. Jacobsplein 51 3000CA Rotterdam The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 1, 1 January 2015, Page 12, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13564 Published: 01 January 2015
Vaccines Against Ebola and Marburg Viruses Show Promise in Primate Studies
Authors: T. Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

AS NATURALLY DEADLY PATHOgens that could also be manipulated for use as agents of bioterrorism, the Ebola and Marburg viruses are threats that researchers have sought to overcome for decades. While there are no approved vaccines or therapies against these pathogens and the often fatal hemorrhagic fevers they cause, a report published July 5 in an online edition of Nature Medicine describes new and promising vaccines that appear to offer complete protection for nonhuman primates infected with the viruses (http://www.nature.com /naturemedicine).
Detection of Breast Cancer in Young Women
Authors: Gerson J. Lesnick
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The method of discovery of breast tumors in young women was determined for 106 patients less than 45 years of age treated for breast cancer from 1967 through 1975. The patients detected 84% of the tumors themselves. Physical examinations by physicians detected 14% of the tumors. Two percent were noted on mammography in the absence of clinical findings. Fifty-two patients had roentgenographic examination of their breasts prior to biopsy. Sixty-three percent of these examinations failed to demonstrate the cancer. The report of a normal roentgenogram contributed to a decision to defer surgical treatment in 15 instances. These 15 patients had more advanced tumors at operation. (<i>JAMA</i>237:967-969, 1977)
Effects of Saline Loading on the Renin, Erythropoietin, and Blood Pressure Responses to Canine Renal Allotransplantation
Authors: PETER H. ABBRECHT, ARTHUR J. VANDER, JEREMIAH G. TURCOTTE
Journal: Circulation Research (1969)

Serial determinations of plasma erythropoietin and renin activities and mean arterial blood pressure were done in five dogs before and after renal allotransplantation. Throughout the experiment, the animals were given 154 mEq of NaCl per day, starting 1 week before transplantation. No immunosuppressive therapy was given. Onset of immunological rejection was determined by daily measurement of endogenous creatinine clearance. Arterial pressure and plasma erythropoietin concentration increased markedly at the time of rejection, with the curves for the two variables closely paralleling each odier in all animals. Serial determinations of plasma volume done in two of the dogs did not show any significant change at the time when hypertension appeared. Plasma renin activities remained very low throughout the experiments, indicating that even with the vascular lesions of rejection renin release is still subject to normal control mechanisms. It is concluded that elevated plasma renin activity is not an essential causal factor of the hypertension which occurs with renal allograft rejection. Since it is possible to suppress renin release without substantially inhibiting erythropoietin release, different stimuli appear to cause release of these substances.
Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: Robert S. Katz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This book is not a primer, but a sophisticated guide to the clinical diagnosis and management of the connective tissue diseases. Written by Dr Graham Hughes, chief rheumatologist at the Hammersmith Hospital in London, it is full of practical advice and clinical wisdom. Dr Hughes follows in the footsteps of the noted Dr E. G. L. Bywaters of Hammersmith Hospital in lucidly presenting complex and stimulating scientific information. The second edition of this rheumatologic review follows only two years after the first and therefore stays up-to-date in this rapidly changing field. Hughes's book is fluidly readable. It is nicely illustrated and well edited and contains recent references. The paperback edition is easy to pack in your briefcase and carry with you. <i>Connective Tissue Diseases</i>is divided into sections discussing lupus erythematosus, Sjörgren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, polymyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, polychondritis, the vasculitides, polymyalgia rheumatica, immunologic tests, and immune
Myasthenia Gravis: An Illustrated History
Authors: Robert L. Ruff
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Combination therapy with amantadine and interferon in naı̈ve patients with chronic hepatitis C: meta-analysis of individual patient data from six clinical trials
Authors: Alessandra Mangia, Gioacchino Leandro, Beat Helbling, Eberhard L Renner, Marco Tabone, Laura Sidoli, Simona Caronia, Graham R Foster, Stephan Zeuzem, Thomas Berg, Vito Di Marco, Nicolina Cino, Angelo Andriulli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Clonal expansion of human T lymphocytes initiated by dendritic cells.
Authors: E Langhoff, R M Steinman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

The accessory cell requirements for cloning T cells in the presence of lectin and T cell growth factors were examined with cells from human peripheral blood. We found that dendritic cells were active and perhaps essential. Single CD4+ lymphocytes could be cloned with 80% efficiency, and CD8+ cells with 50-60% efficiency if 10(3) syngeneic or allogeneic dendritic cells were added. Some T cell clones developed even with one dendritic cell. Monocytes or B lymphocytes from blood were at least 100-fold weaker in supporting clonal growth. These findings suggest a specialized feeder cell requirement, namely dendritic cells, for cloning T lymphocytes from single resting precursors.
731 ASSOCIATION OF BUDD CHIARI SYNDROME AND COELIAC DISEASE
Authors: N. Afredj, S. Metatla, S.A. Faraoun, N. Debzi, N. Guessab, A. Nani, L. Gamar, K. Layaida, K. Belhocine, N. Bounab, L. Kecili, N. Kaddache, N. Baiod, M. Balamane, M. Benhalima, T. Boucekkine
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Is it time for an Illich Collaboration to make available information on the harms of medical care?
Authors: R. H T Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—The editor's choice on the dark side of medicine1 has prompted me to ask if it is perhaps time to establish an Illich Collaboration (on the lines of the Cochrane Collaboration) to make readily available objective evidence of harms of medical care. The harms go beyond the side effects of drugs or inappropriate use of high intensity treatments to the social and psychological consequences of unchecked medicalisation of the aspects of …
Influence of Hypertension on the Hemodynamic Response to Exercise
Authors: ANTOON AMERY, STEVO JULIUS, LEIGH S. WHITLOCK, JAMES CONWAY
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Sixty-one asymptomatic hypertensive patients from 19 to 68 years of age were subjected to a progressive exercise test on a cycle ergometer. A decline in maximal oxygen consumption and cardiac output and an increase in systolic blood pressure were observed with age. These findings were similar to those observed in normal subjects. In the middle-aged (35 to 49 years) and older subjects (50 to 60 years), the systolic pressure showed a greater increase with exercise than in normals of their age, but this did not apply to subjects aged 19 to 34 years. The cardiac response to exercise was normal at rest and at all levels of exercise in the middle-aged group, but the oldest group showed a reduced maximum cardiac output. In the youngest age group, cardiac output was normal at rest but fell below normal at all levels of exercise. Maximal voluntary oxygen consumption and cardiac output were significantly reduced with increasing severity of hypertension.
Ability of Primary Care Physicians to Recognize Physical Findings Associated With HIV Infection
Authors: Douglas S. Paauw
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To assess the ability of primary care physicians to identify physical findings associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Standardized patient examination.A total of 134 general internists and family practitioners were randomly selected after stratifying by year of medical school graduation, specialty, and experience caring for patients with HIV infection.Recognition of physical findings of Kaposi's sarcoma, oral hairy leukoplakia, and diffuse lymphadenopathy.Despite being directed by presenting histories to sites of prominent physical abnormalities, only 23 (25.8%) of 89 physicians evaluating a patient with Kaposi's sarcoma and 22 (22.7%) of 97 physicians evaluating a patient with oral hairy leukoplakia detected and correctly diagnosed the abnormalities. Twenty-three (17%) of 133 physicians detected diffuse lymphadenopathy in a patient complaining of fatigue, fever, and arthralgias. Physicians with the most experience treating patients with HIV infection more frequently identified oral hairy leukoplakia, but HIV experience did not influence identification of Kaposi's sarcoma or detection of lymphadenopathy. There were no differences between general internists and family practitioners or among physicians by year of medical school graduation in identifying the three physical findings associated with HIV infection.Primary care physicians may frequently miss important physical findings related to HIV infection during patient examinations.
Tetanus Immune Globulin
Authors: Merrill S. Climo
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I would call your attention to misleading statements that appeared in the LAW AND MEDICINE section ofThe Journal, "Tetanus Antitoxin Reactions" (<b>224</b>:559, 1973). The author concludes, "When a wound is of the sort in which tetanus might occur,... Tetanus antitoxin should be administered unless the patient appears to be allergic, and, in the more recent cases, the courts implied that an antibiotic should be given to control the possibility of any sort of infection." The well-established use of tetanus immune globulin is as effective as the tetanus antitoxin and relatively free of its dangerous side effects and complications. In fact, in its "Guide to Prophylaxis against Tetanus in Wound Management," the Committee on Trauma of the American College of Surgeons recommends that tetanus antitoxin should not be given at all, except when tetanus immune globulin is not available within 24 hours and only if the
Illustrating Science: Standards for Publication
Authors: Roxanne K. Young
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Many busy professionals will glimpse only the charts, graphs, and photographs in this issue ofThe Journal. How much significant information will they retain? Has the presentation of the epidemiologic data, the chest film, the stain been executed in a way that leaves no doubt the authors (and the editors) have<i>communicated</i>their message? That Chinese sage might rather have proclaimed—when referring to today's art of scientific and biomedical illustration—that "One picture is worth more than a thousand lives." A panel of distinguished committee members of the Council of Biology Editors, aided by numerous expert consultants and reviewers, as well as the CBE membership, have collaborated to enumerate specific standards and guidelines for presenting clear, concise information through the important yet perhaps unappreciated medium of scientific illustration.<i>Illustrating Science</i>is a welcome, long-overdue, A-to-Z compilation that defines criteria for judging whether an illustration is not only of high quality but
Citicoline did not improve recovery at 90 days after moderate-to-severe acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Mark J. Alberts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Source Citation Dávalos A, Alvarez-Sabín J, Castillo J, et al; International Citicoline Trial on acUte Stroke trial investigators (ICTUS). Citicoline in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke: an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled study (ICTUS trial). Lancet. 2012;380:349-57. 22691567
Health departments call for pay restraint European manpower is predicted to even out Consultants want extra work recognised NHS patient care standards to be extended Audit centre launches action pack
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1996)

# Health departments call for pay restraint {#article-title-2}

The health departments have told the Review Body on Doctors' and Dentists' Remuneration that any pay increases must be offset by efficiency improvements and affordable within allocated resources for 1997–8. In their evidence for the 1997 review the departments say that doctors should play their part in restraining pay settlements to help the economy. They point out that inflation has been below 4% for three and a half years and that the government has set a target of 2.5% for 1997.

The departments claim that the 1996 pay settlements were high compared with the rest of the public sector. They also say that recruitment and retention in the medical profession remain satisfactory and that where there are difficulties high pay increases in national pay will not help. The evidence does concede that there may be problems in maintaining an adequate level of general practice registrars.

In its evidence the BMA said that doctors would need a pay rise of 53% to regain their 1980 earnings level (28 September, p 769).

# European manpower is predicted to even out {#article-title-3}

A new study on European medical manpower predicts that the demand for and the supply of doctors will move closer together by the year 2000. Five years ago the Permanent Working Group (PWG) of European Junior Hospital Doctors forecast a deficit by the end of the century even though there was serious medical unemployment in many member countries. The main purpose of the 1991 study was to establish a manpower database and to set up a 10 year prognosis on the likelihood …
Carnival? Not Putting Away the Flesh but Bringing Out the Floats
Authors: Ian D. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article on Felix Nussbaum<sup>1</sup>defines<i>carnival</i>as meaning "farewell to the flesh." It means nothing of the kind, but this nonsense has been perpetuated long after the true origin of the word has been demonstrated and it spoils an otherwise excellent article by Dr Southgate. Carnival originally was a spring festival, a celebration of the feast of Astarte, Phoenician goddess of love, of spring, and of regeneration and rebirth. To the Greeks she was Aphrodite; to the Romans, Venus. The people of southern Anatolia (the biblical Hittites) called her Cybele, and the Hebrews' name for her was Storeth (also Astoreth in Kings). To the ancient Britons and Gaels the festival of Astarte was called Easter. Remove the<i>E</i>from Easter and the relationship becomes more obvious. The Phoenicians were a nautical people with colonies in numerous parts of the Mediterranean coasts of France and of
Introduction to Developmental Psychiatry
Authors: Donald E. Widmann
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A pediatrician, a child psychiatrist, and an adult psychiatrist focus their attention upon the years of childhood and adolescence and describe the orderly patterns of social and sexual development. The principal conceptual framework is that of psychoanalytically oriented psychiatry, with attention also to data from pediatrics, ego psychology, and cultural anthropology. The authors describe the essential tasks of each stage of development and relate adult psychopathology to incomplete mastery of these tasks.  The problems involved in writing such a book are many. Intended for medical students and others unfamiliar with psychiatry, it must teach a new vocabulary and then use this same vocabulary to teach new and often anxiety-producing concepts. In addition, because of its brevity, the book of necessity provides little opportunity for repetition. There is insufficient separation between the narrative of the text and the pauses necessary for the introduction of new terms. The beginning reader may well
Epidemiological Studies of Women Prisoners, I: Medical and Psychiatric Variables Related to Violent Behavior
Authors: CARLOS E. CLIMENT, ANN ROLLINS, FRANK R. ERVIN, ROBERT PLUTCHIK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

Ninety-five women prison volunteers participated in an investigation of medical and psychiatric correlates of violent behavior. Violence was measured in five independent ways. Concurrence of all five measures was the criterion for establishing a relationship between violence and a given variable. The variables most highly associated with violence were maternal loss before age ten, severe parental punishment, neurological disorders in relatives, the dyscontrol syndrome, and easy access to weapons. These results underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the studty of violence rather than for investigations within isolated disciplines.
POST-PRANDIAL UPRIGHT EXERCISE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN OBSTRUCTIVE HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Ellina Cheskis Feiner, Milla Arabadjian, Glenda Winson, Bette Kim, Farooq Chaudhry, Mark Sherrid
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)