tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Local cold exposure test as therapy control in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon: comparison between laser Doppler fluxmetry and simultaneous red blood cell velocity measurements in nailfold capillaries
Authors: M. HAHN, Th. KLYSCZ, M. JÜNGER, G. RASSNER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Synchronous measurement of laser Doppler flux (LDF) and capillary red blood cell velocity (CBV) was performed in adjacent areas of the same nailfold during a local cold stress test in 12 healthy controls (eight women and four men) and in 22 patients (17 women and seven men) with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon before and after treatment. Two questions were addressed: Are there any differences in the signal pattern between LDF and RBV? Is it possible to detect early on in therapy, before clinical benefit becomes obvious, whether a treatment is successful or not? Despite the fact that the resulting signal patterns recorded by these two techniques are widely compatible, certain differences could be observed. In healthy controls, decrease of values during cooling time and increase after cooling were more distinct in RBV than in LDF. Compared with control values, CBV and LDF in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon were lower. After cooling CBV took an average of 3 min to reach initial value again as compared with 40s in healthy controls. During 4 min observation time, pretest values of LDF were not achieved again in patients, whereas it took 50s in healthy controls. If, after a few days of vasospasmolytic therapy, test results improved or normalized, clinical symptoms subsided gradually during the next weeks. Clinical improvement was not observed in those patients in whom cutaneous blood flow remained decreased despite therapy. CBV indicated this more clearly than LDF. Duration of flow stop at the end of cooling showed a marked improvement in patients treated successfully. Discrepancies between CBV and LDF are interpreted as being due to LDF detecting other vessels in addition to the superficial, nutritional capillaries. LDF seemed to be a poor tool for evaluating the effect of treatment. Determination of CBV and flow stop duration during local cold exposure may help in early selection of the best treatment for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon by predicting later possible clinical benefit.
Ménétrièr's Disease and Idiopathic Hypertrophic Gastropathy
Authors: ROBERT M. SEARCY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

The cases of 43 patients with hypoproteinemic hypertrophic gastropathy (Ménétrièr's disease) seen at the Mayo Clinic during 1970 to 1980 are reviewed. Characteristically, patients with Ménétrièr's disease are older than 60 years of age and have epigastric pain, weight loss, nausea, diarrhea, and dyspepsia, with or without a history of peptic ulcer disease. Ménétrièr's disease can be associated with swelling in the extremities, vomiting and early satiety, maculopapular rash, anorexia, and fatigue. In our patients, unlike those with hypertrophic gastropathy without hypoproteinemia, Ménétrièr's disease was accompanied by an increased incidence of severe or recurrent infections (18 patients); occlusive, thromboembolic, and other vascular disorders (23 patients); and pulmonary edema (13 patients). Remission can occur after parietal cell vagotomy or histamine-H2-receptor blockade, or spontaneously; however, in most patients, rugal enlargement and hypoproteinemia persist for long periods of time.
Influence of a platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist on myocardial hypoperfusion during rotational atherectomy as assessed by myocardial Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy
Authors: Karl-Christian Koch, Juergen vom Dahl, Eduard Kleinhans, Heinrich G Klues, Peter W Radke, Susanne Ninnemann, Gernot Schulz, Udalrich Buell, Peter Hanrath
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
A CASE OF HAEMATOMA OF THE LABIUM MAJUS FORMED DURING LABOUR
Authors: J. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1905)

When seen at 2.30 p.m. there was less pain and the diarrhoea seemed to have ceased.The tongue had a whitish fur.After this the diarrhoea returned, and the eyes were noticed to become of a darker shade; later ne became restless, with slight low delirium.At 8 30 p.m., when I saw him again, the patient was collapsed, the aspect being that of abdominal disease.The respiration was jerky ana somewhat laboured, the pulse small and rapid, and the abdomen was somewhat distended, hard, and tympanitic; the temperature was 0o0.50 F. Nothing abnormal could be detectea in the chest.
Atherogenic Lipids, Vascular Dysfunction, and Clinical Signs of Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Andrew P. Selwyn, Scott Kinlay, Peter Libby, Peter Ganz
Journal: Circulation (1997)

LDL is oxidized in vascular endothelial cells to a highly injurious product that results in characteristic cell dysfunction(s) in large arteries and resistance vessels. The characteristic dysfunctions (ie, loss of dilation, constriction, thrombosis, and inflammation) operate before and throughout the development of atherosclerosis and particularly during plaque rupture. Although oxidized LDL appears to induce these cell/vessel wall dysfunctions in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, Tamai and colleagues have shown that this interaction can be dynamic in that a reduction in lipids restores endothelium-dependent vasomotor function almost immediately. The same intervention (ie, lipid lowering) also appears to stabilize atheroma in the long term, improves endothelium-dependent vasomotion over months, and results in a reduction in clinical signs of risk in coronary heart disease (ie, ischemia and the need for revascularization). The above leads us to some important but unanswered questions. Can we rely on clinical measures of arterial vasomotor dysfunction to represent the other important cell dysfunctions (eg, inflammation, abnormal growth) while monitoring the response to therapeutic interventions? How can we effectively inhibit oxidation of LDL in the arterial wall, and is this useful in reversing the many cell dysfunctions and clinical sequelae of coronary atherosclerosis? What is the time course for restoration of endothelial dysfunction in the atherosclerotic epicardial coronary arteries in patients with effective lipid-lowering therapy? The intracellular responses to oxidized LDL are so numerous (loss of vasodilation, loss of anticoagulant mechanisms, abnormal inflammation, and growth) that targeting therapies to specific pathways may prove difficult. Parallel efforts in basic physiological and clinical research have resulted in remarkable progress that has improved outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease. We expect that many of the characteristic cell/vessel wall dysfunctions that result from adverse interactions with risk factors are dynamic and can be manipulated in a relatively short time frame. Treatment of atherogenic lipids with other risk factors must be further refined and may well become the cornerstone for effective management of angina, unstable syndromes, and ischemia in addition to the control of important outcomes such as myocardial infarction and coronary death.
Meige's syndrome in dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: N. Tabet, S. Sivaloganathan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

A complicating factor in the management of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the profound sensitivity of patients to antipsychotic treatment1, which in turn may initiate or enhance movement disorders. Florid psychotic symptoms may, however, develop before DLB can be diagnosed.
Single lung transplantation for adult respiratory distress syndrome after paraquat poisoning
Authors: M. Licker, A. Schweizer, L. Hohn, D. R Morel, A. Spiliopoulos
Journal: Thorax (1998)

Ventilator-dependent patients are considered poor candidates for lung transplantation. A 17 year old boy developed adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to paraquat poisoning. A single lung transplantation was carried out with a successful outcome.
Activated stellate cells express the TRAIL receptor-2/death receptor-5 and undergo TRAIL-mediated apoptosis
Authors: Pavel Taimr, Hajime Higuchi, Eva Kocova, Richard A. Rippe, Scott Friedman, Gregory J. Gores
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Apoptosis has emerged as an important mechanism to reduce numbers of activated stellate cells during the resolution phase of hepatic fibrosis. These observations suggest that activated stellate cells may be more susceptible to apoptotic stimuli than their quiescent counterparts. Because other activated cell types are more sensitive than their quiescent phenotypes to apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), we examined the expression of TRAIL death receptors (DRs) and susceptibility to TRAIL cytotoxicity in stellate cells undergoing progressive activation. A spontaneously immortalized human stellate cell line, LX-2, was analyzed during 14 days of progressive activation following plating, during which time α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and a β-crystallin (markers of stellate cell activation) messenger RNA (mRNA) increased 7-fold and 5-fold, respectively. During this same interval, TRAIL-R1/DR4 and TRAIL-R2/DR5 mRNA expression increased 18-fold and 17.6-fold, although TRAIL-R2/DR5 expression was quantitatively 103-fold greater than TRAIL-R1/DR4; parallel changes occurred in TRAIL/DR5 protein expression and cellular susceptibility to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Similar findings were observed in primary murine stellate cells undergoing activation on a plastic surface. In conclusion, stellate cells show activation-dependent TRAIL-R2/DR5 expression and TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Because TRAIL-R2/DR5 is not expressed by hepatocytes, TRAIL/DR5 agonists may be useful in reducing fibrosis by inducing stellate cell apoptosis.
Urethritis in Young Adults
Authors: Alan H. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article, "Acute Urethritis in Male College Students" (226:37, 1973) by McChesney et al points to a real problem that many physicians are seeing in epidemic proportions. It is quite clear now that T-strain mycoplasmas must be implicated in some way in nonspecific urethritis. We studied a large group of patients with urethritis and found that the T-stain mycoplasmas can be isolated from the cervix in a great proportion of women who have recurrent urethritis. In some men, then, recurrent urethritis appears to be a venereal disease and treatment of both partners is necessary to eradicate the offending organism.<sup>1</sup> We have found tetracycline, 2 gm/day, for a ten-day period to be necessary to prevent recurrence, and in the female patients an antifungal vaginal tablet should be used to prevent the occurrence of<i>Monilial</i>vaginitis, which is so common in women who take large doses of tetracycline.
Thomas John Phillips
Authors: E. Ward, D. Beard, J. Mills
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> A proteomic analysis of cartilage revealed an increase in SPARC-related modular calcium binding protein-2 (SMOC2) in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). SMOC2 was originally isolated from a chondrogenic extract of articular cartilage together with GDF5 and FRZB, proteins associated with OA. We investigated SMOC2 in chondrocyte differentiation. <h3>Methods</h3> Three independent stable clonal colonies of the ATDC5 chondrogenic cell line, control (empty vector/GIPZ) and <i>SMOC2</i> overexpressing (SMOC2+) or knocked-down cells (SMOC2-), were used. Clones were cultured as high density micromasses (2x10<sup>5</sup> cells/10µl). Chondrogenesis was induced by culturing cells for 14 days (D) in DMEM/F12 + 5%FBS + ITS [insulin (10µg/ml), transferrin (10µg/ml) and sodium selenite (30nM)]. On D14, cells were switched to mineralization medium (αMEM+5%FBS+ITS). mRNA expression of markers (Aggrecan (Agg), type II (Col2a1) and X (Col10a1)) collagens was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR. Likely, we assessed mRNA expression of Wnts (-3a, -4, -5a, -5b, -11) and BMPs (-2, -4, -6, -7). Quantification of Alcian Blue, Safranin O, Sirius red and Alizarin red staining were used to evaluate proteoglycans, collagens and mineralised content respectively. Western blot was used to study BMP and Wnts pathways. <h3>Results</h3> In SMOC2 + cells<b>, </b>during the early (D1-7) and late proliferation phase (D7-14), Col2a1 and Agg mRNA increased less than controls. Safranin O and Alcian blue staining were also less upregulated in SMOC2 + . This was consistent with lower activation of Smad 1/5/8 in SMOC2 + . Col10a1 mRNA increased as expected from D14 onwards, but significantly less in SMOC2 + compared to controls. SMOC2 overexpression affected Wnt mRNA levels. During mineralization (D14-21), Col10a1 mRNA was strongly increased, but to a lesser extent in SMOC2 + , and alizarin red was much stronger in controls. The SMOC2- cells exhibited opposite features as SMOC2 + . In the D1-D14 phases, Collagen and Proteoglycan content was higher than in controls, alike Col2a1 mRNA level. In the D14-21 phase, these differences were maintained, and Col10a1 mRNA level was higher in SMOC2-, and a trend was found for a higher mineralization content in SMOC2-. No difference was detected in cell viability for both SMOC2 + and SMOC2- compared to their respective controls. <h3>Conclusions</h3> SMOC2 modulates chondrogenesis by affecting BMP-Smad and Wnt signalling. These data suggest that SMOC2 can play a modulating role in OA.
On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ
Authors: Daniel Musher
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To  Editor.—  I am deeply concerned over  publication of an article entitled On  Physical Death of   in JAMA . 1 The article was inappropriate, unscholarly in  extreme, and offensive in its extraordinary insensitivity, and its ill effects cannot be countered by any single letter or series of letters.  The inappropriateness appears in  very title.  of Nazareth was an individual who is accepted as Christ or Messiah by some but by no means all of your readership. Inclusion of  name   in  title of a scientific article is, thus, lacking in propriety.  It is true that the most extensive and detailed descriptions of  life and death of Jesus are contained in  Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, but these are not necessarily historically accurate. Nevertheless,  authors accept and reference them, uncritically, as basic historical fact, which they are
Urinary Release of 72 and 92 kDa Gelatinases, TIMPs, N-GAL and Conventional Prognostic Factors in Urothelial Carcinomas
Authors: Frédérique Monier, Serge Mollier, Michèle Guillot, Jean-Jacques Rambeaud, Françoise Morel, Philippe Zaoui
Journal: European Urology (2002)
Commentary: ethics of clinical research without patients' consent
Authors: C. Foster
Journal: BMJ (1996)

What makes a research project ethical? A series of criteria need to be satisfied. Difficulties arise when only some of them can be satisfied or, as in the case of this trial, when two of them are mutually exclusive. The criteria are that the research is aimed at obtaining a desirable end, that the research subjects will not be harmed by being in the trial, and that the research subjects are consulted before going enrolled into the research.
Introduction of intermediate care dermatology services in Norfolk, England was followed by a 67% increase in referrals to the local secondary care dermatology department
Authors: N.J. Levell, A.M. Penart-Lanau, J.J. Garioch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Funding sources: none. Conflicts of interest: N.J.L. is Honorary Secretary of the British Association of Dermatologists which owns the BJD. Madam, In the U.K., 54% of people have skin disorders each year, for which 24% of the population visit their primary care doctors (general practitioners, GPs), producing 20–25% of their total workload.1, 2 In 2009–2010, 880 000 people were referred in England to secondary care dermatology3 (approximately 16 per 1000 population4) and were seen by teams led by the 423 (whole‐time equivalent) consultant dermatologists working in England (British Association of Dermatologists Workforce data 2010, personal communication). Although this dermatology system is remarkably efficient compared with European and U.S. systems, there has been pressure for change and services for dermatology in the community have been set up since 2005. The Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital (NNUH) provides dermatology secondary care services to approximately 600 000 people in Norfolk, England. This is a predominantly ethnically white, rural area with limited population growth (approximately 9% over 1999–2010) and limited migration in or out of the region. There are no other dermatology secondary care providers, with the nearest hospitals being over 40 min travelling time by road.
Retarded Cleavage Rates of Preimplantation Monkey Embryos In Vitro
Authors: Olivier Kreitmann
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We describe disparities of cleavage rates in vitro vs in vivo using monkey embryos. Embryos were recovered from living monkeys by retrograde irrigation of the Fallopian tubes after spontaneous ovulation and normal fertilization in vivo. Cleavage rates of the embryos were studied in vitro, employing two culture media. The progression of embryonic development was compared with that in the natural setting (in vivo). The findings indicate that monkey embryos developing in vitro kept pace with the expected time course for only about 24 hours; indeed, extracorporeal conditions using either culture medium were insufficient to sustain normal cleavage rates thereafter. The asynchrony between cleavage rates in the two milieus may contribute substantially to perinidatory embryo wastage and subsequent implantation failure, even after successful in vitro fertilization.
Guidelines of the French Society of Digestive Endoscopy: Total Colonoscopy Indications
Authors: None Carayon, and The Council of the French Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SFED)
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Since 1998 the French Council of Digestive Endoscopy Society has published standards for good practice in endoscopy. These recommendations appear to be the best way to arrive at the most optimal practice in medicine at the moment. Written by a group of experts and corrected by an even larger expert group, they are regularly updated in a written form in order to help with decision making.
Growth Hormone and Function in Elderly Persons
Authors: Maxine A. Papadakis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 April 1997Growth Hormone and Function in Elderly PersonsMaxine A. Papadakis, MDMaxine A. Papadakis, MDDepartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-7-199704010-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Feller and colleagues point out that growth hormone replacement in growth hormone-deficient younger adults results in improved strength. On the basis of these data, they suggest that the effect of growth hormone on muscle strength remains unresolved. We question the extent to which these data from younger adults with pathologically low growth hormone levels can be generalized to healthy older men with physiologic declines in growth hormone levels. Our participants were elderly (mean age, 75.0 years) and had low baseline IGF-1 levels (122 ng/mL) but were not frail. Thus, we have no data with which to assess the ...References1. Rudman D, Feller AG, Nagraj HS, Gergans G, Lalitha PY, Goldberg AF, et al. Effects of human growth hormone in men over 60 years old. N Engl J Med. 1990; 323:1-9. Google Scholar2. Papadakis MA, Grady D, Tierney MJ, Black D, Wells L, Grunfeld C. Insulin-like growth factor 1 and functional status in healthy older men. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995; 43:1350-5. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1997Volume 126, Issue 7Page: 583-584KeywordsBlood plasmaBody weightElderlyGrowth hormoneHuman growth hormoneInsulin-like growth factorsMusclesYoung adults Issue Published: 1 April 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Role of the Liver in Endotoxin-Induced Hyperinsulinemia and Hyperglucagonemia in Rats
Authors: Robert P. Cornell
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

The intravenous administration of bacterial endotoxin to fasted rats elicited basal portal and systemic venous hyperinsulinemia and hyperglucagonemia. Enhanced pancreatic secretion of insulin and glucagon was implied by the elevated portal venous hormonal levels. Elevated insulin and glucagon levels were present at 4 hr after a 33 micrograms/100 gm intravenous endotoxin dose despite no fluctuation of the plasma glucose concentration. The role of the liver in the pancreatic hormonal response to endotoxin was investigated by infusing lipopolysaccharide slowly into the portal vein or systemic inferior vena cava. At doses of 33 and 100 micrograms per 100 gm, endotoxin administered via the systemic route stimulated significantly greater insulin and glucagon responses than did portal administration. Furthermore, rats with acute liver injury induced by partial (67%) hepatectomy, which depressed Kupffer cell phagocytosis, did respond to the 33 micrograms per 100 gm intraportal endotoxin dose with significantly greater hyperinsulinemia and hyperglucagonemia. These data suggest that hepatic Kupffer cells normally function to remove lipopolysaccharide from the portal venous blood and that at least at low pharmacological doses the pancreatic hormonal response to endotoxin is mediated by an unknown systemic mechanism.
Government insists on second public consultation before regulating complementary medicine
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Five years after a major reorganisation of England's neonatal services, large and unexplained variations between regions in mortality among neonates still exist, concludes a new report from the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee.England's 178 neonatal care units were ordered in 2003 to reorganise into 23 regional networks.But that reorganisation has failed to address discrepancies between regions; and two regions, Essex and the Northern, have still not formally merged into unified organisations after five years.In 2005 the neonatal mortality rate among babies born at more than 22 weeks' gestation varied from 1.8 deaths per 1000 live births in the Surrey and Sussex region to 4.8 in the South West Midlands.The Conservative MP Edward Leigh, who chairs the Public Accounts Committee, said that the 2003 reorganisation "has had limited effect in reducing regional variations in mortality rates of babies born prematurely or suffering an illness [and] needing specialist care."The Department of Health was unable to confirm whether these discrepancies were due to disparities in care or to demographic factors, he said.Primary care trusts, Mr Leigh added, "need to improve their understanding of the Reorganisation of neonatal service in England fails to iron out regional variation in death rates UK NEWS Regulation of alternative medicine faces more delays, p 1395 WoRld NEWS dutch doctors make advice on suicide available to public, p 1394 bmj.com Germany promises protection to hospital doctors over longer working hours