tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
p21 is required for dextrose-mediated inhibition of mouse liver regeneration
Authors: Alexander Weymann, Eric Hartman, Vered Gazit, Connie Wang, Martin Glauber, Yumirle Turmelle, David A. Rudnick
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Abstract The inhibitory effect of dextrose supplementation on liver regeneration was first described more than 4 decades ago. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this observation have not been elucidated. We investigated these mechanisms using the partial hepatectomy model in mice given standard or 10% dextrose (D10)-supplemented drinking water. The results showed that D10-treated mice exhibited significantly reduced hepatic regeneration compared with controls, as assessed by hepatocellular bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and mitotic frequency. D10 supplementation did not suppress activation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), induction of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) expression, or tumor necrosis factor alpha–interleukin-6 cytokine signaling, p42/44 extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation, immediate early gene expression, or expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ), but did augment expression of the mito-inhibitory factors C/EBPα, p21 Waf1/Cip1 , and p27 Kip1 . In addition, forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) expression, which is required for normal liver regeneration, was suppressed by D10 treatment. Finally, D10 did not suppress either FoxM1 expression or hepatocellular proliferation in p21 null mice subjected to partial hepatectomy, establishing the functional significance of these events in mediating the effects of D10 on liver regeneration. Conclusion: These data show that the inhibitory effect of dextrose supplementation on liver regeneration is associated with increased expression of C/EBPα, p21, and p27, and decreased expression of FoxM1, and that D10-mediated inhibition of liver regeneration is abrogated in p21-deficient animals. Our observations are consistent with a model in which hepatic sufficiency is defined by homeostasis between the energy-generating capacity of the liver and the energy demands of the body mass, with liver regeneration initiated when the functional liver mass is no longer sufficient to meet such demand. (Hepatology 2009.)
Abuse of Medical Students
Authors: Charles J. Cattano
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read the COMMENTARY by Henry K. Silver, MD, "Medical Students and Medical School" (1982;247:309). From my vantage points as a student who has been involved at state and national levels of organized medicine and as a senior at the terminal stage (pun intended) of undergraduate medical education, I share the author's concern for students' dehumanization at the hands of the system entrusted with their training. Dr Silver's analogy between "the battered child syndrome" in foster homes and the depressed students in medical school, while amusing, is not farfetched. Needless to say, the causes of such depression are manifold. Depersonalization occurs early, with the paucity of faculty-student personal interaction owing to large class size and to the endless string of computer-graded examinations preparatory to the more impersonal national boards. Burgeoning volumes of knowledge must be mastered rapidly, yet with the realization that much will become obsolete within
A Coordinated Consultation Program for Nurses and Psychiatrists
Authors: Shirley Holstein
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Because independent consultation services were inefficient, a coordinated consultation program was established for psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses working with medical and surgical patients. Joint participation in regular case-conferences and work-rounds facilitated communication, provided cohesion of purpose, and enlarged the sources of referral for nursing consultations. Staff nurses and patients benefitted: emergency management problems were forestalled, the team approach was reinforced, and opportunities for teaching multiplied. The false dichotomy between functional and organic aspects of medical care disappears when psychiatrists, nurses, and students work together with patients who are both medically and psychiatrically ill.
Hyaline-Membrane Disease — Therapy with Constant Lung-Distending Pressure
Authors: V. Chernick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

UNTIL the last three years, the successful management of Infants with hyaline-membrane disease has lagged behind the treatment of other disorders of the newborn infant. Events leading up to the current therapeutic approach to hyaline-membrane disease were initially dependent, like the approach to treatment of all medical diseases, on clarification of the pathogenesis of the disorder. An understanding of this disease, however, first required the recognition of the fundamental concept of the stability of alveoli as dependent on the pulmonary surfactant, which has the unique property of lowering surface tension at the air-liquid interface of alveoli virtually to zero.1 This . . .
Living With an Empty Chair: A Guide Through Grief
Authors: William W. Weddington
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Medical educators and popular writers have ignored the topics of death and bereavement during most of the 20th-century revolution in medical technology and therapeutics. Only recently have we professionals discovered dying and the bereaved survivors, as we digest the remarkable medical and societal changes that have occurred over the past 70 years. To a great extent, the lay public has invited our participation regarding death and bereavement. The popular media and publishers have responded with a variety of magazine and newspaper articles and popular books. Roberta Temes, PhD, a practicing psychologist and journalist, has written<i>Living With an Empty Chair: A Guide Through Grief</i>for a broad audience, including medical and paramedical professionals, funeral directors, students, friends and family of a bereaved individual, and bereaved persons. The author covers a broad list of subjects in this book of 112 pages, 25 of which are photographs. The chapters cover the stages
Can a cell have a soul?
Authors: John Burn
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The current UK parliamentary debate on amendments to the 1990 Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act ( BMJ 2008:336;1089 doi: 10.1136/bmj.39581.373403.DB) has brought to the fore once again the challenging debate between those who argue that all research involving embryonic stem cells is immoral and those who see immense medical potential in this area of research. As a clinical geneticist raised in the Christian tradition and interested in gene hunting and cancer chemoprevention I can claim to offer a dispassionate opinion. As head of the research institute where some of the most controversial work is under way, and having been a signatory to Liam Donaldson’s report that recommended that this research should proceed,1 I must declare an interest.

Three aspects of stem cell research in which my Newcastle colleagues have special interest are mitochondrial transplantation, in vitro gamete development, and human admixed embryos. In all cases, legitimate clinical targets may be presented as a powerful argument in favour of avoiding blanket legal barriers. Counter-arguments combine anxiety about misuse of funds, threats to the structure of the family, and the dangers of cross species transfer …
Entrapment of the Left Coronary Artery Ostium by the Aortic Valve Leaflet, Promoting Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Hiroshi Nishino, Kenji Suda, Yozo Teramachi, Shintaro Kishimoto, Kei Goto, Motofumi Iemura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Hepatic environment elicits monocyte differentiation into a dendritic cell subset directing Th2 response
Authors: Florian Cabillic, Nathalie Rougier, Christelle Basset, Isabelle Lecouillard, Erwann Quelvennec, Louis Toujas, Christiane Guguen-Guillouzo, Anne Corlu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Abdominal and Pelvic Imaging as Part of Liver-Spleen Scintigraphy for the Detection of Mesenteric Bleeding in Trauma
Authors: CONRAD E. NAGLE, JOHN E. FREITAS, JOHN W. MURPHY, ROGER S. HOWARD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Liver-spleen scintigraphy in patients who have incurred blunt abdominal trauma is accepted as a useful diagnostic tool. Abdominal and pelvic imaging to detect extrahepatic or extrasplenic sites of hemorrhage should be a routine part of liver-spleen imaging in the evaluation of blunt abdominal injury. A patient with mesenteric bleeding and a normal liver and spleen detected by liver-spleen scintigraphy is reported.
Irish GPs do not look after their own health
Authors: D. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The first study of self care among Irish doctors suggests that they make inadequate provision for their own medical care, are reluctant patients, and self treat frequently.

The study of 76 doctors–GP specialist trainees, GPs, and hospital consultants–showed that only three quarters of respondents were registered with a general practitioner (a personal friend in 33% of cases, a partner in their practice in 17%, and a spouse …
Identification in vitro of an endothelial cell surface cofactor for antithrombin III. Parallel studies with isolated perfused rat hearts and microcarrier cultures of bovine endothelium.
Authors: C Busch, W G Owen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Two in vitro systems were used to identify an antithrombin III cofactor activity on vascular endothelium. Langendorff rat heart preparations or columns packed with endothelium cultured on microcarrier beads were perfused with mixtures of purified thrombin and antithrombin III. With each preparation, accelerated inhibition of thrombin by antithrombin III occurred during passage over endothelium. Platelet factor 4, protamine sulfate and diisopropylphosphoryl thrombin, all antagonists of the antithrombin III cofactor activity of heparin, significantly reduced the capacity of the preparation to inhibit thrombin. It is concluded that a substance with the functional properties of a stationary phase cofactor for antithrombin III is present on the microvascular endothelium and there catalyzes the inactivation of circulating free thrombin.
Bronchoalveolar Carcinoma of Lung Masquerading as Iodine Avid Metastasis in a Patient With Minimally Invasive Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid
Authors: Gaurav Malhotra, Narendra Nair, Hari Menon, Sumit Gujral, Amit Abhyankar, Nawab S. Baghel, Sushama Awasare, Swapna J. Nabar, Suman Abhyankar, Purushottam G. Kand
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

A 52-year-old man with follicular thyroid carcinoma was administered 182 mCi of radioiodine (I-131) a month after total thyroidectomy. Post-therapy scan revealed diffuse uptake of radioiodine in the apical left lung. CT-guided biopsy of this mass revealed mucinous bronchoalveolar carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry for thyroglobulin was negative. An FDG PET scan showed avid uptake in the lung mass. Surgery was ruled out, so he was given chemotherapy, without benefit. The lesion continued to show I-131 uptake even while on daily T3 substitution, suggesting that the mass was thyroid stimulating hormone-independent. Because the mass showed I-131 uptake and chemotherapy was not beneficial, it was decided to treat with I-131. He was continued on T3 substitution therapy and was given 209 mCi of I-131. Follow-up CT scan a few weeks later reported a 1-cm all round reduction of the mass. I-131 scan showed avid tracer uptake in the mass. This case suggests the possibility of this therapeutic option in nonthyroidal tumors that may concentrate radioiodine.
Role of cytochrome P4502E1-dependent formation of hydroxyethyl free radical in the development of liver damage in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol
Authors: E Albano, P Clot, M Morimoto, A Tomasi, M Ingelman-Sundberg, S W French
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

We have previously shown that the treatment with diallyl sulfide (DAS) and phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PIC) of rats receiving ethanol in the alcohol tube-feeding model effectively suppressed the induction of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) by ethanol. Here we report that rat treatment with DAS and PIC significantly decreased the trapping of hydroxyethyl free radicals in liver microsomes incubated in vitro with ethanol. Furthermore, these inhibitors also greatly reduced the production of hydroxyethyl radical-derived epitopes detectable in vivo in the liver of ethanol-fed rats. The action of DAS and PIC on the formation of hydroxyethyl radicals paralleled their inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation as monitored using, respectively, liver malonildialdehyde (MDA) and plasma lipid hydroperoxide levels as well as by the titers of antibodies versus MDA adducts to proteins. Thus, these results indicated a link between the induction of CYP2E1 by ethanol, the formation of hydroxyethyl radicals and the stimulation of lipid peroxidation. The pathological scores in the livers of rats fed with ethanol plus or minus DAS and PIC also correlated with levels of hydroxyethyl radical-derived epitopes. Rats fed intragastrically with ethanol developed antibodies and the formation of these antibodies was greatly reduced by DAS and PIC. Taken together these results suggest that CYP2E1 plays an important role in the generation of hydroxyethyl radicals during chronic alcohol feeding and that ethanol-derived free radicals might play a role in the onset of liver injury in this model of alcohol administration.
Fitness in a lifetime perspective: structure, process and results
Authors: D Lagerstrøm
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

At the end of the last century the incidences of health problems caused by a sedentary life style increased so dramatically, that experts and health organisations declared physical inactivity to be the main cause of illnesses in the 21st century in developed, industrialised countries (Blair et al 1996; WHO 1996; Hollmann/Hettinger 2000; WHO 2002). The explanation of this still dramatically expanding problem is as simple as causal. Human beings are, despite technical support and a fantastically developing medical area, still connected to nature's rules and therefore, in order to develop in childhood and stay fit and healthy as adults, to be and stay physically active lifelong (Lagerstrøm 2004; Helsedirektoratet 2008; Lagerstrøm 2010). That's way we in the industrialised world have to compensate the earlier daily given natural physical activity and in addition, to have success, base the strategies, activity and programmes on the mentioned nature given roles (stimulus and economising), with a special focus on the individuals conditions and circumstances. In order to base our recommendations and programmes on individuality, we developed and use questionnaire, screening and test protocols, as the 4 min aerobic screening, Squat test, Week links, etc, which are easy, safe and reproducible, To avoid a negative experience due to being active, we focus on basic movement like aerobic walking/running, soft skills and ADL related physical activity. Furthermore we take the philosophy and the five principles of the Norwegian Friluftsliv (not sport related, nature based, outdoor activities and behaviour), by the great Norwegian philosopher, Arne Ness, also explained as ‘a rich life, with simple support’, more and more into account (Lagerstrøm/Wicharz 2007; Liedtke/Lagerstrøm 2007; Lagerstrøm 2010). Using the ‘Norwegian way’ and focusing on non-sport physical activity and ADL we do not only register excellent physiological effects and lifestyle changes with a high compliance, but also get astonishing effects concerning the psychosomatic long term balance (Latsch et al 2007; Lagerstrøm 2008; Berg et al 2010). Summarising our more than 35 years experience with health related test-, training- and activity programmes it seems that about one-third of a population is comfortable or even excited and motivated to be physically active by doing sport or taking part in fitness programmes. For most people, unfortunately, training and sport seem not to be the adequate way to change a sedentary life style into a more active, health related life.
Physicians' Recognition of the Signs and Symptoms of Secondary Syphilis
Authors: Yehudi M. Felman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Elsewhere in this issue ofThe Journalan article by Chapel (p 250) calls attention to the failure of physicians in the community to recognize the signs and symptoms of secondary syphilis. Even though syphilis ranks as the third most commonly reported communicable disease in the country, many medical schools do not include in their curricula enough time to prepare practitioners adequately to diagnose and treat properly infectious syphilis as well as most other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A single lecture on STDs in four years of medical school often represents the entire training and education concerning a group of diseases that infect between 10 and 15 million Americans yearly. Direct clinical training and exposure of the student to patients with these diseases are also woefully lacking, since most patients with STDs are seen in public STD clinics, and few medical schools affiliate themselves with their local STD clinic to
E Pluribus Unum Forever
Authors: W C Shipley
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The true cost of pharmacological disease prevention
Authors: T. L. N. Jarvinen, H. Sievanen, P. Kannus, J. Jokihaara, K. M. Khan
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Despite widespread use of preventive drugs such as statins, antihypertensives, and bisphosphonates, there is no valid evidence that they represent value for money, argue <b>Teppo Järvinen and colleagues</b>
Two Cases of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return of the Supracardiac Type with Stenosis Simulating Infradiaphragmatic Drainage
Authors: SHIRLEY L. KAUFFMAN, CELIA N. ORES, DOROTHY H. ANDERSEN
Journal: Circulation (1962)

Two patients who died during the neonatal period with congestive heart failure and marked pulmonary congestion were found at autopsy to have total anomalous pulmonary venous return of the supracardiac type with stenosis of the pulmonary vein. The narrowing was the result of an unusual course of the vein, which passed between the left pulmonary artery and left main bronchus and was stenosed at this point. It is emphasized that the clinical and x-ray findings were indistinguishable from those of total anomalous pulmonary drainage below the diaphragm.
57Co-bleomycin and 67Ga-citrate in detecting and staging lung cancer.
Authors: O E Nieweg, H Beekhuis, D A Piers, H J Sluiter, A M van der Wal, M G Woldring
Journal: Thorax (1983)

In the investigation of suspected lung cancer bleomycin labelled with cobalt-57 and gallium-67 labelled with citrate are currently used to detect the primary tumour and to establish the presence of metastases in the lung hilum and mediastinum. A comparative study of these radio-pharmaceuticals was performed in 63 patients with proved lung cancer. 57Co-bleomycin showed the primary tumour in 58 patients (92%) and 67 Ga-citrate in 34 (54%) (p less than 0.01). The average tumour-to-lung ratio was 3.4 with 57Co-bleomycin and 1.5 with 67Ga-citrate. Proved metastases in the hilum or the mediastinum were visualised with 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy in 16 out of 18 patients (89%) and with 67 Ga-citrate scintigraphy in only eight (45%) (p less than 0.01). These results indicate that 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy is more suitable for detecting and staging lung cancer than is 67Ga-citrate. 57Co-bleomycin is valuable in the detection of peripheral lesions, in which a pathological diagnosis is difficult to achieve, since a positive scintigram indicates malignancy. When 57Co-bleomycin scintigraphy suggests hilar or mediastinal metastases mediastinoscopy should be carried out; but when no metastases are apparent it is reasonable to proceed directly to thoracotomy without mediastinoscopy.
Recombinant Erythropoietin and Medicare Payment
Authors: Paul W. Eggers
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Sisk et al<sup>1</sup>provided an informative account of the Medicare experience to date in coverage of erythropoietin. The conclusions, however, seemed unduly critical of the role of the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) in (1) the initial pricing of this drug; (2) the dosage levels given; and (3) the monitoring of its use. Erythropoietin was approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration in June 1989. In anticipation of this approval, the HCFA staff had been working for a year prior to this to develop a payment policy that would provide access to erythropoietin. Consequently, the payment regulation policy was implemented almost simultaneously with approval by the Food and Drug Administration. The payment rate was subject to considerable debate during this time. Input was received from Amgen Inc (Thousand Oaks, Calif), nephrologists, the Office of Inspector General, and Congress. The payment rate