tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
β-Catenin Small Interfering RNA Successfully Suppressed Progression of Multiple Myeloma in a Mouse Model
Authors: Eishi Ashihara, Eri Kawata, Yoko Nakagawa, Chihiro Shimazaski, Junya Kuroda, Kyoko Taniguchi, Hitoji Uchiyama, Ruriko Tanaka, Asumi Yokota, Miki Takeuchi, Yuri Kamitsuji, Tohru Inaba, Masafumi Taniwaki, Shinya Kimura, Taira Maekawa
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

beta-catenin is the downstream effector of the Wnt signaling pathway, and it regulates cell proliferation. beta-catenin overexpression correlates positively with prognosis in several types of malignancies. We herein assessed its effects on growth of multiple myeloma cells using a xenograft model.We first investigated the expression of beta-catenin in multiple myeloma cell lines and multiple myeloma cells obtained from patients. Next, we investigated the growth inhibitory effects of beta-catenin small interfering RNA on the growth of multiple myeloma cells in vivo. Six-week-old male BALB/c nu/nu mice were inoculated s.c. in the right flank with 5 x 10(6) RPMI8226 cells, followed by s.c. injections of beta-catenin small interfering RNA, scramble small interfering RNA, or PBS/atelocollagen complex twice a week for a total of eight injections.Significantly higher levels of beta-catenin expression were observed in multiple myeloma cell lines and in samples from patients with multiple myeloma than those found in mononuclear cells obtained from healthy volunteers. In in vivo experiments, no inhibitory effects were observed following treatment with scramble small interfering RNA or PBS/atelocollagen complexes, whereas treatment with beta-catenin small interfering RNA/atelocollagen complex significantly inhibited growth of multiple myeloma tumors (P < 0.05).beta-catenin small interfering RNA treatment inhibited the growth of multiple myeloma tumors in a xenograft model. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that the treatment with beta-catenin small interfering RNA produces an inhibitory effects on growth of hematologic malignancies in vivo. Because treatment with beta-catenin small interfering RNA inhibited growth of multiple myeloma cells, beta-catenin is the attractive novel target for treating multiple myeloma.
Reflections and Recollections From a Long Life With Medicine
Authors: Alexander Beam
Journal: JAMA (1995)

The name of Jan Waldenström, professor emeritus of medicine at the University of Lund and physician-in-chief at Malmö Hospital in Sweden, is inextricably associated with the disease that bears his name, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, a disorder of unknown etiology in which there is an uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells and lymphocytes leading to a marked increase in IgM protein in human serum. The disease, even when treated, almost invariably leads to a fatal outcome. But Waldenström's reputation extends far beyond the eponymous recognition of macroglobulinemia. His long and distinguished career in medicine has been characterized by clinical investigation of a high order and in diverse fields. "Is it becoming canonical that the biological basis of human disease can be elucidated only by a reductionistic approach and that little can be learned from patient-oriented research?" We live at a time when there is a lamentable dearth of clinical investigators, a situation recently
Rheumatology in Clinical Practice
Authors: Robert Katz
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This is a basic overview of rheumatology, particularly for the medical student, resident, and nonrheumatologist. It is up-to-date, accurate, and is written by someone who understands both the basic mechanisms of rheumatologic disorders and practical principles of their treatment. It is chock-full of diagrams, tables, charts, and photographs. I would say that the graphics distinguish this book from other basic rheumatology texts. Although it is not nearly as sophisticated or complete as standard textbooks on the shelves of rheumatologists, it does have a useful place in providing accurate information to someone preparing for a board examination or reviewing rheumatology during a clerkship, or for internists, orthopedists, physiatrists, and family physicians. It is quite impressive that Dr Moll has written this compendium of rheumatology by himself, including not only many clinical chapters, but also sections on the major histocompatibility complex and immunogenetics, physiology of the synovium and cartilage, anatomy of the
Mandibular Retrognathia and Sleep Apnea
Authors: Richard M. Berger
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have read the article "Adverse Effects of Tracheostomy for Sleep Apnea" by Conway et al (1981;246:347). The authors present 11 cases of hypersomnia sleep apnea of obstructive etiology that were treated by tracheostomy. For the most part, their results show dramatic improvement of the manifestations of sleep apnea, but an entire new set of complications ensued, including tracheal complications, infection, and psychosocial difficulties. It has been documented that the upper airway obstruction seen in these patients is sometimes secondary to either a congenital or acquired mandibular retrognathia. The authors list two patients of the 11 in their Table 1 (p 348) with a diagnosis of mandibular retrognathia as the primary underlying disease of these patients' airway obstruction. We believe that an orthognathic evaluation to include cephalometric analysis, model surgery, and postural positioning of the mandible for airway assessment should be accomplished on all patients with hypersomnia
457 “DE NOVO” AMYLOIDOSIS IN RECIPIENTS OF DOMINO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL DATA
Authors: C. Baliellas, L. Lladó, C. Casasnovas, J. Castellote, J. Fabregat, I. Ferrer, R. Rota, J. Torras, E. Ramos, X. Xiol, A. Rafecas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Analysis of predictor factors in knee valgus in female soccer athletes
Authors: L D Mendonça, N F N Bittencourt, T R T Santos, M Assis, V Carvalhais, V L Araújo, A A Silva, S T Fonseca
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Knee injuries in soccer are common regardless of age, gender or playing level. The injury that draws most attention is the anterior cruciate ligament tear and adolescent females seem to have the highest risk. Le Gall and associates (2009) reported 12% of incidence in female soccer players. Several potential risk factors, for example anatomical and biomechanical factors, have repeatedly been discussed in the literature, but lack scientific evidence. Objective assess the potential predictors of frontal plane knee angle (FPKA) and the interplay between them, through a non-linear statistical model (Classification and Regression Tree-CART). Design Observational cross sectional. Setting A professional female soccer team was evaluated in Sports Prevention and Rehabilitation Laboratory (LAPREV) at Federal University of Minas Gerais (CENESP-UFMG). Participants 19 female soccer athletes, mean age 18.27 (2.79) years were included in this study. All participants were healthy, with no current complaints of lower limb injury or pain and no history of previous lower extremity surgery. Assessment of risk factors The independent variables were shank-forefoot alignment (SFA), hip abductor torque, hip passive internal rotation (HPIR). Main outcome measurements The FPKA during three single leg squat with dominant leg in front of a camera (reflexive marcs were located in ASIS, femoral condyles and in a middle point of the medial and lateral maleolus). Results The HPIR was the main predictor of High-FPKA. 15.8% presented high-FPKA with a HPIR &lt;26.55°. Those with HPIR &gt;33.55° and SFA&gt;17.10° also presented High-FPKA (21%). The model's estimate risk was 15% and the sensibility and specificity were 78% and 84% respectively. Conclusion The extreme low and great ranges available of HIPR associated with high values of SFA were predictor of knee malalignment in frontal plane. Also the SFA must be considered part of athletes' preseason assessment.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Arthur M. Feldman, Verdi J. DiSesa
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3098: Myc preferentially transforms hematopoietic stem cells into Precursor B cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Eiji Sugihara, Takatsune Shimizu, Jo Ishizawa, Seiji Okada, Masanao Miwa, Hideyuki Saya
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Overexpression of Myc oncogenes (c-Myc, N-Myc and L-Myc) is frequently found in a wide range of tumors. Although many reports have shown that Myc can directly induce tumors in mice models, the cell-of-origin of the Myc-induced tumor is still unclear. In this study, we attempted to determine the cell-of-origin in the Myc-induced hematopoietic tumor by using bone marrow transplantation model. Bone marrow (BM) cells were harvested from 5FU-treated mice (6 to 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice) and then infected with retroviral vectors to express one of Myc genes, N-Myc. The infected cells were intravenously transplanted into irradiated syngenic mice. As a result, all mice transplanted with N-Myc-transduced BM cells died around 2 months. Those mice showed enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly and invaded livers. Abnormally increased WBCs in those mice showed B220+CD19+CD43+/−IgM−, indicating that enhanced expression of N-Myc in BM cells caused Precursor B cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (Pre-B LBL). To determine the cell-of-origin of this tumor, the N-Myc-transduced BM cells were fractionated into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), committed lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) or myeloid progenitors (MPs) by cell sorter, and those fractions were transplanted into irradiated recipients. Limiting dilution analysis revealed that mice transplanted with HSCs had Pre-B LBL at significant higher frequencies (1:184) than mice transplanted with CLPs (1:558) or MPs (1:9286). Furthermore, to determine whether more lineage-committed cells can be directly the cell of origin, we sorted immature-B cells transduced with N-Myc from non-treated BM cells and transplanted those cells into recipients. While we could not obtain any tumors from those transplanted mice, mice transplanted with immature-B (B220+CD19+IgD−IgM−) cells derived from p16Ink4a−/−p19Arf−/− mice had Pre-B LBL, suggesting that committed B cells could be the direct cell-of-origin in the absence of p16Ink4a and p19Arf genes which are known as tumor suppressor genes. Lastly, we confirmed that another Myc family gene c-Myc also could induce Pre-B LBL, showing similar histopathology and immunophenotype to the N-Myc-induced pre-B LBL. Collectively, our findings indicate that Myc genes can preferentially transform HSCs into Pre-B LBL and, that p16Ink4a and p19Arf genes can be crucial barriers to block Myc-induced oncogenic stress in more committed cells than HSCs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3098.
ROENTGEN TREATMENT OF UTERINE FIBROMYOMAS
Authors: FRANCIS CARTER WOOD
Journal: JAMA (1930)

There is still room for study and discussion concerning the best mode of treatment of fibromyomas of the uterus, and a final adjustment of the conflicting views will probably never be arrived at, simply because there are types of growths which should necessarily be operated on and types which can be better treated by radium or x-rays. In borderline situations in which a complete anatomic diagnosis is impossible before treatment is begun, there will always be a divergence of views on proper therapy. Such divergence of opinion is at present great. It ranges from the view expressed by a gynecologist that the treatment of fibromyomas by x-rays is "particularly objectionable as it is not only useless, but exercises a harmful effect on the general endocrine activity and metabolism," this surgeon recommending panhysterectomy in all cases but confessing to a mortality of about 5 per cent, to the extreme of certain
Effects of Ipilimumab on expanded tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with stage IV malignant melanoma
Authors: Jon Bjørn, Marco V Donia, Rikke Andersen, Sine R Hadrup, Inge Marie Svane
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Adoptive cell therapy, where patients are treated with expanded autologous T cells derived from tumor specimens, is currently one of the most effective treatments for stage IV malignant melanoma. Clinical studies have indicated a link between treatment with anti-CTLA-4 treatment (
"WHAT CONSTITUTES GOOD MILK?"
Authors: William H. Park
Journal: JAMA (1918)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, Feb. 2, 1918, an editorial discusses our present methods of estimating the wholesomeness and value of grades of  It seems to me that this editorial does not express the views of the enlightened medical profession. It makes the statement, We are forced to admit today that bacteria per se do not necessarily render the milk unfit for human consumption, and later, there is very little connection between the amount of germ life in milk and the healthfulness of milk. It emphasizes this point of view by stating that the consumer has little interest in the germ content of milk except for a limited number of disease-producing forms except so far as the germ content produces souring or bad flavors. Although the writers of the article on which the editorial is founded are capable men, it should be remembered that they are not physicians
The extent of the two tier service for fundholders
Authors: R M Kammerling, A Kinnear
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To examine possible differential changes in outpatient referrals to orthopaedic clinics, attendances, and waiting times between fundholding and non-fundholding general practitioners. <b>Design</b>: Observational controlled study of referrals by general practitioners to orthopaedic outpatients between April 1991 and March 1995. <b>Setting</b>: District health authority in south west England. <b>Subjects</b>: 10 fundholding practices with 108 300 registered patients; 22 control practices with 159 900 registered patients. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Changes in age standardised referral and outpatient attendance ratios for the year before and the two years after achieving fundholder status; changes in outpatient waiting times. <b>Results</b>: In the year before achieving fundholding status both groups were referring more patients than were being seen. Two years later, referral and attendance ratios had increased by 13% and 36% respectively for fundholders and 32% and 59% for controls, and both groups were referring fewer patients than were being seen. Attendances represented 112% of referrals for fundholders and 104% for controls. In 1991-2, a similar proportion of patients in the two groups was seen within three months of referral. The two hospitals that set up specific clinics exclusively for fundholders showed faster access for patients of fundholders by 1993-4, as did a third hospital without such clinics by 1994-5. <b>Conclusions</b>: Fundholders increased their orthopaedic referrals less than did controls and achieved a better balance between outpatient appointments and referrals. Their patients were likely to be seen more quickly, particularly if the hospital provided special clinics exclusively for fundholders. Lack of case mix information makes it impossible to judge whether these differences benefit or disadvantage patients. <h3>Key messages</h3> Patients of fundholders had no better access than patients of non-fundholders to orthopaedic services before the practices became fundholding Fundholders controlled their referrals better than non-fundholders and achieved a better balance between referrals and attendances Fundholders9 patients were more likely to be seen quickly, especially if the receiving hospital laid on specific clinics exclusively for fundholders Information on case mix is needed to identify whether the lower referral rate among fundholders benefits or disadvantages patients
TCT-272 Paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty for drug-eluting stent restenosis: insight from randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wahafu Mamuti, Fang Rao, Wumaierjiang Kelimu, Abulimiti Jiamali, Xiaoli Pei, Alimjan Ablimit, Feng Zhang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The Rise of Litigation in Human Subjects Research
Authors: Larry D. Scott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters20 April 2004The Rise of Litigation in Human Subjects ResearchLarry D. Scott, MD, MALarry D. Scott, MD, MAFrom University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77080.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-8-200404200-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Clinical research is not without risk, perhaps even more so now with the increased complexity and sophistication of new interventions, as evidenced by the high-profile cases detailed by Mello and colleagues (1). Because compensation for injury is not mandated in the common rule—only the requirement to state whether it is available—it is not very surprising that tort claims are increasing. This development is reminiscent of vaccination programs in the 1970s and 1980s, the survival of which was in jeopardy because of the rapidly increasing frequency of civil action; there was great concern that production of vaccines might ...References1. Mello MM, Studdert DM, Brennan TA. The rise of litigation in human subjects research. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:40-5. [PMID: 12834317] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Kitch EW, Evans G, Gopin R. U.S. law.. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, eds. Vaccines. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1999:1165-86. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77080. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Rise of Litigation in Human Subjects Research Michelle M. Mello , David M. Studdert , and Troyen A. Brennan The Rise of Litigation in Human Subjects Research Harvey Murff Metrics 20 April 2004Volume 140, Issue 8Page: 670KeywordsDNAForecastingGene transferPrevention, policy, and public healthVaccines ePublished: 20 April 2004 Issue Published: 20 April 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Creatine Kinase-MB Enzyme Elevation Following Successful Saphenous Vein Graft Intervention Is Associated With Late Mortality
Authors: Mun K. Hong, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Gary S. Mintz, Alexandra J. Lansky, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth M. Kent, Lowell F. Satler, Gregg W. Stone, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Although the risk for development of creatine kinase (CK-MB) elevation after saphenous vein graft (SVG) intervention is high, its prognostic significance remains unknown. This study evaluated the impact of periprocedural CK-MB elevation on late clinical events following successful SVG angioplasty.We studied 1056 consecutive patients with successful (defined by angiographic success and absence of major complications) intervention of 1693 SVG lesions. These patients were grouped as normal CK-MB (n=556), minor CK-MB rise (CK-MB 1 to 5 times normal, n=339), and major CK-MB rise (CK-MB >5 times normal, n=161). There were no differences in major clinical events at 30-day follow-up among the 3 groups. However, 1-year mortality was 4.8%, 6.5%, and 11. 7%, respectively, P<0.05 (ANOVA). Even within a population without any intraprocedure or in-hospital complications (n=727, 69% of the overall cohort), 1-year mortality remained significantly higher with CK-MB elevation: 2.4%, 5.5%, and 10.7%, respectively, P<0.05 (ANOVA). Multivariate analysis revealed major CK-MB elevation as the strongest independent predictor of late mortality (odds ratio 3.3, with 95% CI 1.7 to 6.2), followed by diabetes mellitus (odds ratio 2. 6, with 95% CI 1.5 to 4.5).Major CK-MB elevation occurs after 15% of otherwise successful SVG interventions and is associated with increased late mortality.
The Ethics of Early Evidence — Preparing for a Possible Breakthrough in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Justin Lowenthal, Sara Chandros Hull, Steven D. Pearson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

A recent study demonstrated, in a mouse model in one lab, that bexarotene (FDA-approved for use in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) is effective against Alzheimer's disease. What should physicians do if patients with Alzheimer's disease begin seeking off-label prescriptions?
Hepatobiliary effects of morphine are mediated in the brain
Authors: Aryeh Hurwitz, Greg Looney, Mark Sullins, Zvi Ben-Zvi
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Morphine slows hepatobiliary elimination of sulfobromophthalein in rodents, raising dye levels in plasma and liver. Earlier studies showed these effects to be independent of other opiate effects such as bile duct spasm, hypothermia or blood gas changes resulting from respiratory depression. Because opiate receptors are distributed throughout the body, within the central nervous system and at peripheral sites including the gastrointestinal tract, experiments were performed to ascertain whether central or peripheral sites mediate the hepatobiliary effects of morphine. Sulfobromophthalein was administered intravenously to mice and its levels were measured in plasma and liver. Tail-flick latency indicated centrally mediated analgesia. Inhibited intestinal transit of India ink reflected an opiate effect with a significant peripheral component. When injected into a cerebral ventricle morphine was much more potent in producing analgesia and raising sulfobromophthalein levels than when administered intravenously or intraperitoneally. An intravenous dose of naloxone that reversed morphine analgesia also prevented sulfobromophthalein elevation but did not prevent gut slowing. Naltrexone injected in a cerebral ventricle also reversed analgesia and sulfobromophthalein elevation but not intestinal slowing. The polar opiate agonist N-methylmorphine did not cause analgesia or raise sulfobromophthalein levels at peripheral intraperitoneal doses to 100 mg/kg. When given in a central ventricle at 4 x 10(-3) mg/kg, this agent produced analgesia and raised sulfobromophthalein but did not slow intestinal transit. After spinal cord transection, intravenous morphine did not retard the tail-flick response or affect sulfobromophthalein disposition, but peripherally mediated intestinal transit was slowed as it was in intact mice. These experiments demonstrate parallel opiate effects on analgesia and on BSP disposition but not on intestinal transit.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)