tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CHLORTETRACYCLINE IN UREMIA
Authors: ENRIQUE ROMERO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

Letters and Comments1 October 1967CHLORTETRACYCLINE IN UREMIAENRIQUE ROMERO, M.D.ENRIQUE ROMERO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-67-4-907_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: In the article "A Guide to the Use of Antibiotics in Patients with Renal Disease," which appeared in the July (1967) issue of the ANNALS, the author states that a compound recovered only in small amounts in the urine would be expected to be rapidly metabolized or excreted by another pathway and not to accumulate in patients with renal disease.Also, in the last edition of Goodman and Gilman's textbook of pharmacology, p. 1250, it reads: "In patients with renal insufficiency who require therapy with this class of antibiotic (tetracyclines), the dosage should be reduced and, preferably,...References1. KUNIN CM: A guide to use of antibiotics in patients with renal disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 67: 151, 1967. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KUNINREESMERRILLFINLAND CMSBJPM: Persistence of antibiotics in blood of patients with acute renal failure. 1. Tetracycline and chlortetracycline. J. Clin. Invest. 38: 1487, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SHILS ME: Chlortetracycline therapy with renal disease (letter to the editor). New Eng. J. Med. 275: 113, 1966. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ENRIQUE ROMERO, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1967Volume 67, Issue 4Page: 907-908KeywordsAntibioticsPharmacologyRenal diseasesTetracyclinesUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Medical–Industrial Complex: Our National Defense
Authors: Michael D. Bromberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Part of the current debate on health-care delivery involves whether or not the investor-owned health-care industry is providing a needed service to the American people. The questions most frequently raised relate to studies about such issues as the relative efficiency of investor-owned hospitals, the types of patients they serve and the scope of services they offer, and what benefit they provide to our communities.A recent study1 purporting to show that the tax-exempt hospitals were more efficient than the investor-owned hospitals in California was based on data concerning revenue per patient. Revenue cannot be a proxy for efficiency. Inasmuch as . . .
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection with a new non-in vasive antigen-based assay
Authors: Dino Vaira, Peter Malfertheiner, Francis Megraud, Anthony TR Axon, Michel Deltenre, Alexander M Hirschl, Giovanni Gasbarrini, Colm O'Morain, Jose M Pajares Garcia, Mario Quina, Guido NJ Tytgat
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Primary and Secondary Hypothyroidism in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Monroe B. Rosenthal
Journal: JAMA (1976)

We investigated the thyroid and pituitary functions of six of the seven patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had been previously treated with external radiation, and who were seen at the San Francisco Veterans Administration Hospital within a recent 18-month period. Two patients had primary hypothyroidism, and four had secondary hypothyroidism. These findings suggest that thyroid and pituitary abnormalities are frequent complications of both nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>236:1591-1593, 1976)
Familial and Hereditary Vesicouretral Reflux
Authors: Robert H. Burger
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The figure shows the pedigree charts of six families in my urologic practice in which two or more first-degree relatives had vesicoureteral reflux secondary to a congenitally defective ureterovesical junction. In four of the families, both parents and all siblings were investigated cystographically. Normally, the ureterovesical junction of the human allows urine to descend from the ureter into the bladder, but its long, oblique submucosal and intramural vesical tunnel prevents reflux of urine back into the upper part of the tract.<sup>1</sup>Normal junctions can become incompetent and allow reflux when they are damaged by disease processes or by introgenic interference. However, usually the defect is congenital.<sup>2</sup>This defect allows urine which may or may not contain bacteria to be forced from the bladder to the ureter and kidney at relatively high vesical pressures, and may predispose the patient to kidney scarring,<sup>3</sup>or to
Increasing Prevalence of Unexplained Liver Necrosis
Authors: Joel G. Brunson, Philip L. Eckman, John B. Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

IT is commonly agreed that focal areas of necrosis may occur in the liver in a wide variety of infectious and toxic processes, in gram-negative bacteremia and in other conditions associated with shock that lasts for twenty-four hours or longer. It is known also that blotchy, hemorrhagic areas of liver necrosis may occur in association with such diseases as eclampsia or poisoning with certain chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride. A review of current autopsy material from the University Hospitals revealed what appeared to be an increase in the prevalence of unexplained liver necrosis. In an effort to evaluate this impression, a more thorough review of a larger number of autopsies was undertaken. This paper is concerned with the results of this survey, and discusses several factors that may be of importance in the pathogenesis of the hepatic lesions.
Phase 1 multicenter dose-escalation study of ezatiostat hydrochloride (TLK199 tablets), a novel glutathione analog prodrug, in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Azra Raza, Naomi Galili, Scott Smith, John Godwin, Jeffrey Lancet, Magda Melchert, Marsha Jones, James G. Keck, Lisa Meng, Gail L. Brown, Alan List
Journal: Blood (2009)
The transduction of Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-negative cells and protection against neutralizing antibodies by HPMA-co-oligolysine copolymer-coated adenovirus
Authors: Chung-Huei K. Wang, Leslie W. Chan, Russell N. Johnson, David S.H. Chu, Julie Shi, Joan G. Schellinger, André Lieber, Suzie H. Pun
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Tc-99m White Cell Scintigraphy in Suspected Acute Infection
Authors: ANDREW E. SOUTHEE, KENNETH J. LEE, ANDREW F. MCLAUGHLIN, PETER W. BORHAM, GEORGE J. BAUTOVICH, JOHN G. MORRIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

The usefulness of ln-111 labeled white cells in acute infection is well documented but the role of Tc-99m labeled white cell scintigraphy (WCS) has not been as clearly established. Using stannous fluoride colloid and a simple labeling procedure with 20 ml of autologous whole blood, three cases are presented in which Tc-99m WCS established unexpected diagnoses in patients who had remained undiagnosed despite extensive investigation.
Sickness certification system in the United Kingdom
Authors: Paul V Mackey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Editor—It seems sick certificates stimulate the same concerns the world over,1 I have worked in the United Kingdom, Australia, and now in Canada. Sick certificates (and their grander cousin, the “insurance form”) particularly seem to challenge the relationship between patient and doctor because it is often a third party that demands them and not the patient. If we are honest with ourselves, how much is “time off work” part of the treatment plan for a patient? When providing certificates we are, as mentioned by one respondent, more often being policemen for employers, not doctors for our patients.

From another angle we also must be mindful of the potential harm we can do by providing a sick note “just because the patient demands it.” We certainly don't provide benzodiazepines or opioids on the basis of the same premise. Any professional relationship that is based on fear of losing the patient or just “giving them what they demand” is dysfunctional and needs to be terminated anyway.

And what is my cop out solution? Here in Canada I am free to say to the patient that unfortunately their government medical cover does not include the cost of sick notes and there is a charge for them. (Actually, I believe the same applies in the United Kingdom, does it not?) Very quickly the certificates seem to become far less necessary when they are not free.
Case 26-1992
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, M. Ronthal, K.R. Davis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Presentation of CaseA 38-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of gradually progressive right hemiparesis.There was a long history of morbid obesity. The patient attained a weight of 118 kg at the age of 12 years and a maximal weight of 150 kg at 32 years. Eight years before entry hypertension and diabetes mellitus were discovered. After the loss of 36 kg in weight the patient was told that his diabetes had disappeared; his subsequent medical follow-up was irregular. Two years before admission oral medications for diabetes mellitus and for hypertension were prescribed for the first time, . . .
The Hospital Transfusion Committee
Authors: Alfred J. Grindon, Peter S. Tomasulo, James J. Bergin, Harvey G. Klein, Jacqueline D. Miller, Paul D. Mintz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

BLOOD transfusion can transmit infectious disease, result in potentially lethal acute hemolytic reactions, and cause febrile and allergic reactions in an already ill patient. The dangers of transfusion have led to requirements that hospitals provide peer review of transfusion practice. While excellent guidelines for hospital transfusion committees have been promulgated in the past,<sup>1,2</sup>dramatic changes in medical practice, such as in open heart surgery and the intensive treatment of oncological disease, have resulted in changes in blood usage. There has been substantial improvement in patient safety: the reduction of posttransfusion hepatitis has been attributed in large part to the use of volunteer blood and fewer catastrophic transfusion accidents to improved technical and clerical performance in hospital transfusion services and at the bedside. Nevertheless, more can be done to improve the use of blood and its components. Better utilization review and quality assurance practices have developed, partly as a result
Abstract 1953: Functional identification of microRNA targets by integrated proteomics and microarray profiling: miR-193b in breast cancer
Authors: Suvi-Katri Leivonen, Anne Rokka, Päivi Östling, Pekka Kohonen, Garry Corthals, Merja Perälä, Olli Kallioniemi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate protein expression by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for cleavage or by inducing translational repression. Despite advances in bioinformatic predictions, it is a significant challenge to identify protein targets that the miRNAs regulate. Here, we applied a novel strategy combining functional data from quantitative proteomics using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation), gene expression microarray profiling and bioinformatic target predictions in order to characterize targets regulated by miRNAs. We focused on exploring the anti-cancer effects of miR-193b. According to our high-throughput functional studies (Leivonen et al., Oncogene, 2009), miR-193b induces cell cycle arrest and inhibition of estrogen-depedent growth when overexpressed in breast cancer cell lines. Pre-miR-193b was over-expressed in MCF-7 breast cancer cells for 48 h, and the cell lysates were subjected to iTRAQ isobaric labelling followed by mass-spectrometric analyses. We identified over 600 proteins, of which 11 were repeatedly and significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05) down-regulated, and 6 up-regulated by miR-193b as compared to controls. Three of the down-regulated proteins were predicted to be targeted by miR-193b by the TargetScan algorithm. Of the predicted miR-193b targets, two were also among the most prominently down-regulated genes at the mRNA level according to microarray profiling of miR-193b-transfected MCF-7 cells. These data were validated by western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR. The results indicated that miR-193b targets included proteins which have previously been linked to breast cancer progression and poor prognosis, such as 14-3-3ζ (YWHAZ), as well as mini-chromosome maintenance protein-7 (MCM7), which is associated with DNA replication and cell cycle control. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that the combination of proteomic expression profiling and gene expression microarray profiling is a powerful strategy to functionally identify protein targets and mechanisms of action for miRNAs that have anti-cancer effects when transfected into breast cancer cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1953.
Genetic Resistance to a Transmissible Sarcoma in the Fowl
Authors: Randall K. Cole
Journal: Cancer Research (1941)

The problem of the prevention or control of neoplastic diseases is not limited to the human race for these diseases constitute one of the major causes for adult mortality in the domestic fowl. The more common neoplasms of the fowl (lifter somewhat from those appearing in other species in that the etiological agents in many instances appear to be virus-like in nature and also in that the sarcomas far outnumber the carcinomas. The neoplastic conditions are in evidence in the early life period of the birds (6 to i8 months) and at this age nearly all of the tumors belong to the sarcoma group, primarily those involving the lymphoid type of cell. Adenocarcinomas involving the ovary and peritoneum are not infrequent in the older birds. The reduction of adult flock mortality through suitable breeding methods (5, 8, 2, 4) strongly suggests an avenue of approach to the perplexing problem of the control of neoplastic diseases affecting the fowl. That the genetic constitution of the individual can markedly affect the probability of its developing a spontaneous neoplasm is well known to the mouse breeder. Although one might reason from one species to the other, it would be amiss to draw similar conclusions without tangible evidence. If genetic resistance to neoplasms does exist in the fowl~and this would have to be a major premise for those far-reaching programs of breeding for disease resistance now in progress--then it should be possible to demonstrate such resistance through suitable experimental procedures. The experiments reported in this paper were organized for the purpose of determining the extent to which resistance to a transmissible sarcoma could be increased by genetic selection.
Hyperparathyroidism With A Functioning Parathyroid Cyst
Authors: Ílknur Ak, Mustafa Fuat Acikalin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A rare case of primary hyperparathyroidism with a functioning parathyroid cyst in whom Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy failed to detect a parathyroid tumor is presented. A 62-year-old woman with primary hyperparathyroidism was referred for Tc-99m MIBI imaging to investigate a parathyroid adenoma. Plasma levels of intact parathyroid hormone were elevated to 2250 pg/mL. Neck ultrasonography revealed a cystic lesion measured 30 x 42 x 35 mm on the right inferior side of the thyroid gland. The cystic lesion was successfully removed at surgery. Pathologic diagnosis revealed a benign parathyroid cyst. The cyst contained clear fluid, and was lined by 1 layer of cuboidal epithelial cells. Her postoperative course was uneventful and plasma levels of intact parathyroid hormone normalized after operation.
Transgenic Mice for MTCP1 Develop T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Catherine Gritti, Hélène Dastot, Jean Soulier, Anne Janin, Marie-Thérèse Daniel, Ali Madani, Gisèle Grimber, Pascale Briand, François Sigaux, Marc-Henri Stern
Journal: Blood (1998)
Teaching an old dog new tricks: potential antiatherothrombotic use for statins
Authors: Roy L. Silverstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Thrombotic complications represent a highly significant component of morbidity and mortality associated with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. In this issue of the JCI, Owens et al. report possible mechanisms underlying the prothrombotic, proinflammatory state accompanying hypercholesterolemia. Using rodent, monkey, and human subjects, they show that circulating oxidized LDL and circulating monocyte-derived tissue factor are important instigating factors driving the thrombotic, inflammatory phenotype and, surprisingly, that statin therapy ameliorated the phenotype even in the absence of lowering cholesterol levels. The studies raise the intriguing possibility that therapies directed at pathways generating oxidant stress or pathways involved in transmitting oxidized LDL-mediated signals in circulating platelets and monocytes could have antiatherothrombotic potential, probably with minimal anticoagulant and hemorrhagic potential.
Supertrees Disentangle the Chimerical Origin of Eukaryotic Genomes
Authors: Davide Pisani, James A. Cotton, James O. McInerney
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Eukaryotes are traditionally considered to be one of the three natural divisions of the tree of life and the sister group of the Archaebacteria. However, eukaryotic genomes are replete with genes of eubacterial ancestry, and more than 20 mutually incompatible hypotheses have been proposed to account for eukaryote origins. Here we test the predictions of these hypotheses using a novel supertree-based phylogenetic signal-stripping method, and recover supertrees of life based on phylogenies for up to 5,741 single gene families distributed across 185 genomes. Using our signal-stripping method, we show that there are three distinct phylogenetic signals in eukaryotic genomes. In order of strength, these link eukaryotes with the Cyanobacteria, the Proteobacteria, and the Thermoplasmatales, an archaebacterial (euryarchaeotes) group. These signals correspond to distinct symbiotic partners involved in eukaryote evolution: plastids, mitochondria, and the elusive host lineage. According to our whole-genome data, eukaryotes are hardly the sister group of the Archaebacteria, because up to 83% of eukaryotic genes with a prokaryotic homolog have eubacterial, not archaebacterial, origins. The results reject all but two of the current hypotheses for the origin of eukaryotes: those assuming a sulfur-dependent or hydrogen-dependent syntrophy for the origin of mitochondria.
Effect of Dihydrotestosterone on Rat Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity
Authors: Esteban Mezey, James J. Potter
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Castration was previously demonstrated to result in an increase in liver alcohol dehydrogenase and in rates of ethanol elimination in male rats. In this study, the effect of dihydrotestosterone, which is a more potent androgen than testosterone in the rat, was determined on liver alcohol dehydrogenase and ethanol elimination in the castrated rat. Dihydrotestosterone was found to be a substrate of liver alcohol dehydrogenase in the reductive direction and a competitive inhibitor of ethanol oxidation by the enzyme. Also, the administration of a single dose of dihydrotestosterone inhibited liver alcohol dehydrogenase 4 hr after the injection, but this effect was not persistent at later intervals following injection. This transient in vivo inhibition of liver alcohol dehydrogenase was associated with a delay in ethanol elimination. The microsomal ethanol-oxidizing enzyme system was found to play no role in the changes in ethanol elimination observed after castration and dihydrotestosterone administration since its activity remained unchanged. These studies provide further evidence of an effect of androgenic steroids on liver alcohol dehydrogenase activity and ethanol metabolism.
Mechanism of Selenium-Induced Inhibition of Arsenic-Enhanced UVR Carcinogenesis in Mice
Authors: Fredric J. Burns, Toby Rossman, Katherine Vega, Ahmed Uddin, Stefan Vogt, Barry Lai, Richard J. Reeder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Hairless mice that ingested arsenite in drinking water exhibited more than a 5-fold enhancement of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) carcinogenesis, whereas arsenite alone was carcinogenically inactive. Dietary organoselenium blocked the cancer enhancement effect of arsenic but not cancer induction by UVR.In this study we sought to explain selenium blockage of As enhancement by establishing the extent that As and Se tissue distributions are coincident or divergent.We used the X-ray fluorescence microprobe at the Advanced Photon Source (Argonne National Laboratory) to probe sections of skin and liver from hairless mice exposed to a) UVR, b) UVR + As, c) UVR + organoselenium, or d) UVR + As + organoselenium.We found elevated levels of As in the skin epithelium (hair follicles and epidermis) and diffusely in the liver of mice exposed to UVR + As. Arsenic was entirely absent in skin in mice exposed to UVR + As + organoselenium, but a diffuse low level was seen in the liver. As and Se locations were consistently divergent in skin; As was more diffusely distributed, whereas Se was strongly associated with membranes. X-ray absorption near-edge spectra are consistent with the presence of the seleno-bis(S-glutathionyl) arsinium ion in the liver.Supplemental Se was uncommonly effective at preventing even a trace of As in skin at 14 or 196 days of continuous exposure to As in drinking water. Traces of the seleno-bis(S-glutathionyl) arsinium ion in the liver suggested that formation of this compound was more likely to be responsible for the As-blocking effect of Se than was a mechanism based on antioxidation.
Shwartzman Reaction after Human Renal Homotransplantation
Authors: Thomas E. Starzl, Richard A. Lerner, Frank J. Dixon, Carl G. Groth, Lawrence Brettschneider, Paul I. Terasaki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

In three human recipients, five renal homografts were destroyed within a few minutes to hours after their revascularization in the new host.The kidneys, removed one to 54 days later, had cortical necrosis.The major vessels were patent, but the arterioles and glomeruli were the site of fibrin deposition.There was little or no fixation of host immunoglobulins in the homografts.The findings were characteristic of a generalized Shwartzman reaction.
US drug firm Pfizer seeks to buy UK company AstraZeneca
Authors: A. Jack
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Pfizer, the US pharmaceutical giant whose drugs include atorvastatin (Lipitor) and sildenafil (Viagra), is seeking to buy the UK drug firm AstraZeneca for £52bn (€63bn; $90bn), which would be one of the largest acquisitions in the drug sector in recent years.

The bid at £46.61 a share would signal the biggest foreign takeover of a UK based group. It follows initial approaches in January to AstraZeneca, which continues …
Dynamic imaging reveals promiscuous crosspresentation of blood-borne antigens to naïve CD8+ T cells in the bone marrow
Authors: Idan Milo, Anita Sapoznikov, Vyacheslav Kalchenko, Orna Tal, Rita Krauthgamer, Nico van Rooijen, Diana Dudziak, Steffen Jung, Guy Shakhar
Journal: Blood (2013)