tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors influencing the outcome in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS.
Authors: P Fernandez, A Torres, J M Miro, C Vieigas, J Mallolas, L Zamora, J M Gatell, M E Valls, R Riquelme, R Rodriguez-Roisin
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--Studies attempting to identify the prognostic factors that influence the outcome of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with AIDS using a multivariate analysis are few. In order to identify those prognostic factors amenable to medical intervention, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on 102 patients with AIDS suffering a first episode of PCP. METHODS--One hundred and two consecutive patients with AIDS (51% drug abusers, 45% homosexuals, and 4% with other HIV risk factors) admitted to our institution between 1986 and 1989 whose respiratory infection was diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage were studied prospectively. RESULTS--The overall mortality was 28%, rising to 79% in those patients who required mechanical ventilation. According to univariate analysis the following variables were related to a poor prognosis: age &gt; 35 years; risk factor for HIV infection other than drug abuse; and AIDS diagnosis confirmed before 1988; PaO2 &lt; 8 kPa at admission; severe acute respiratory failure on admission (PaO2/FIO2 &lt; 20 kPa); mechanical ventilation; antibiotic therapy for PCP other than trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole; multiple microbial pulmonary infection; serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) &gt; 22.5 mukat/l on admission; serum albumin level &lt; 30 g/l. Multivariate analysis showed that only mechanical ventilation was independently associated with a poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS--The mortality of AIDS patients presenting with a first episode of PCP before 1990 was high (28%). The main prognostic factor associated with poor outcome was the requirement for mechanical ventilation due to severe acute respiratory failure.
(13) Basal cell naevus syndrome (Gorlin? syndrome)
Authors: S. Walton, E.H. Wyatt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article (13) Basal cell naevus syndrome (Gorlin? syndrome) Get access S. Walton, S. Walton Hull Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.H. Wyatt E.H. Wyatt Hull Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue s32, 1 June 1987, Pages 61–63, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb12054.x Published: 01 June 1987
Inherited epidermolysis bullosa: Updated recommendations on diagnosis and classification
Authors: Jo-David Fine, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, Robin A.J. Eady, Eugene A. Bauer, Johann W. Bauer, Cristina Has, Adrian Heagerty, Helmut Hintner, Alain Hovnanian, Marcel F. Jonkman, Irene Leigh, M. Peter Marinkovich, Anna E. Martinez, John A. McGrath, Jemima E. Mellerio, Celia Moss, Dedee F. Murrell, Hiroshi Shimizu, Jouni Uitto, David Woodley, Giovanna Zambruno
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Extended-Release Mixed Amphetamine Salts vs Placebo for Comorbid Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Cocaine Use Disorder
Authors: Frances R. Levin, John J. Mariani, Sheila Specker, Marc Mooney, Amy Mahony, Daniel J. Brooks, David Babb, Yun Bai, Lynn E. Eberly, Edward V. Nunes, John Grabowski
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prevalent but often unrecognized, in part because it tends to co-occur with other disorders such as substance use disorders. Cocaine use disorder is one such disorder with high co-occurrence of ADHD.To examine whether treatment of co-occurring ADHD and cocaine use disorder with extended-release mixed amphetamine salts is effective at both improving ADHD symptoms and reducing cocaine use.Thirteen-week, randomized, double-blind, 3-arm, placebo-controlled trial of participants meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for both ADHD and cocaine use disorder conducted between December 1, 2007, and April 15, 2013, at 2 academic health center substance abuse treatment research sites. One hundred twenty-six adults diagnosed as having comorbid ADHD and cocaine use disorder were randomized to extended-release mixed amphetamine salts or placebo. Analysis was by intent-to-treat population.Participants received extended-release mixed amphetamine salts (60 or 80 mg) or placebo daily for 13 weeks and participated in weekly individual cognitive behavioral therapy.For ADHD, percentage of participants achieving at least a 30% reduction in ADHD symptom severity, measured by the Adult ADHD Investigator Symptom Rating Scale; for cocaine use, cocaine-negative weeks (by self-report of no cocaine use and weekly benzoylecgonine urine screens) during maintenance medication (weeks 2-13) and percentage of participants achieving abstinence for the last 3 weeks.More patients achieved at least a 30% reduction in ADHD symptom severity in the medication groups (60 mg: 30 of 40 participants [75.0%]; odds ratio [OR] = 5.23; 95% CI, 1.98-13.85; P < .001; and 80 mg: 25 of 43 participants [58.1%]; OR = 2.27; 95% CI, 0.94-5.49; P = .07) compared with placebo (17 of 43 participants [39.5%]). The odds of a cocaine-negative week were higher in the 80-mg group (OR = 5.46; 95% CI, 2.25-13.27; P < .001) and 60-mg group (OR = 2.92; 95% CI, 1.15-7.42; P = .02) compared with placebo. Rates of continuous abstinence in the last 3 weeks were greater for the medication groups than the placebo group: 30.2% for the 80-mg group (OR = 11.87; 95% CI, 2.25-62.62; P = .004) and 17.5% for the 60-mg group (OR = 5.85; 95% CI, 1.04-33.04; P = .04) vs 7.0% for placebo.Extended-release mixed amphetamine salts in robust doses along with cognitive behavioral therapy are effective for treatment of co-occurring ADHD and cocaine use disorder, both improving ADHD symptoms and reducing cocaine use. The data suggest the importance of screening and treatment of ADHD in adults presenting with cocaine use disorder.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT00553319.
Value based drug pricing could increase NHS drugs bill
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Government proposals to change the way drugs are priced in the United Kingdom could increase the bill to the NHS without a corresponding benefit to patients, the NHS Confederation warns.

In its response to the Department of Health for England’s consultation on value based pricing of drugs, the confederation, which represents more than 95% of the organisations in the NHS, warns of a loss of transparency, the danger of politicising the process, and the likelihood that the scheme will provide little real incentive to drug companies to innovate.

Even drugs whose price reflects their value to the NHS may be poor value for money when compared with other treatment options such as earlier detection, surgery, or radiotherapy, the confederation says. Decisions are to be based on “expert advice,” which suggests that decisions may not be fully …
Oral metronidazole in Clostridium difficile colitis.
Authors: G A Mogg, D W Burdon, M Keighley
Journal: BMJ (1979)

in water and ethanol, insoluble in chloroform and ether, stable at pH 6 8, and moderately stable to heat.'He also consulted a number of colleagues in 1929 and subsequently about how to proceed with extraction.Two of them, Stuart Craddock and Frederick Ridley, evaporated extracts in vacuo without success.Fleming then consulted several chemists independently, including Harold King, head of the Medical Research Council's laboratory at Hampstead, who told me later that they "had not been able to do much work on penicillin."Harold Raistrick, professor of biochemistry at the London School of Hygiene, worked harder on the problem collaboratively with R Lovell and P W Clutterbuck, but they were equally unsuccessful.2I have in my possession a bottle of dried yellow pigment purified by Raistrick from the crude brew in 1930 and given to me later by one of his assistants.When tested many years ago it contained none of the stable degradation products of penicillin.From 1932 onward, there are no records of further attempts to extract any active principles from the penicillin mould or the crude brew.In retrospect, it is very surprising that bacteriologists of the time ignored his findings, for filtrates of crude brew killed staphylococci and other organisms at dilutions of 1600, were non-toxic to leucocytes, and apparently eliminated sensitive organisms from burns, wounds, and ocular and other localised infections.3Until 1936 Fleming continued to draw attention to these unique properties but no one in the domestic research councils or pharmaceutical industry, or internationally, evinced any interest.4My reading of the record' and my acquaintance (later) with Fleming himself leave me convinced that he did not surrender easily to Wright or anyone else, but that he was by 1936 at his wit's end.So he followed the only course open to an honest scientist by describing his findings in a manner which left open the track, accurately, for the subsequent discovery of the active principle at Oxford a few years later by Chain, Florey, and their colleagues.
Reversal of drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by adenoviral delivery of anti-MDR1 ribozymes
Authors: Matthes Huesker, Yvonne Folmer, Michaela Schneider, Christine Fulda, Hubert E. Blum, Peter Hafkemeyer
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are characterized by a high degree of drug resistance. The multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters MDR1-P-glycoprotein and MRP2 (multidrug-associated protein 2) are expressed in almost 50% of human cancers, including HCCs. In this study, we analyzed the effect of anti-MDR1 ribozymes, especially AFP promoter-driven anti-MDR1 ribozymes, to specifically chemosensitize HCC cells. Epirubicin-selected HB8065/R cells were used as MDR1-P-glycoprotein-overexpressing cells. Adenoviral vectors were constructed to allow an efficient gene transfer of anti-MDR1 ribozyme constructs. AFP promoter-driven anti-MDR1 ribozymes reduced the IC 50 30-fold for epirubicin in HCC cells, whereas human colorectal cancer cells were unaffected. Target sequences were either the translational start site or codon 196 of the human MDR1 gene. Adenoviral delivery of CMV promoter-driven anti-MDR1 ribozymes resulted in a reduced IC 50 for epirubicin and doxorubicin (60- and 20-fold, respectively). They completely restored chemosensitivity in stably transfected anti-MDR1 ribozyme-expressing HCC cells as well as in HCC cells transduced with adenoviruses expressing wild-type anti-MDR1 ribozymes. Adenoviral delivery of ribozymes was so efficient that chemosensitization of HCC cells could be demonstrated in cell cultures without further selection of transduced cells for single anti-MDR1 ribozyme-expressing HCC cell clones. Northern blots showed a decreased MDR1 mRNA expression, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis revealed a significantly reduced expression of MDR1-P-glycoprotein on the cell surface of HB8065/R cells after transduction with the anti-MDR1 ribozymes. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that adenoviral delivery of ribozymes can chemosensitize HCC cells and that chemosensitization can be specifically achieved by ribozymes driven by an AFP promoter directed against human MDR1.
Thyroid hormones in the elderly sick: "T4 euthyroidism".
Authors: A W Burrows, R A Shakespear, R D Hesch, E Cooper, C M Aickin, C W Burke
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Thyroid function and serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were investigated in 79 euthyroid geriatric patients. Of the 59 inpatients and 20 outpatients 35 (59%) and 2, respectively, had low T3 levels. In contrast, 7 (12%) and 6 (30%), respectively, had raised T4 levels. Two further patients were excluded from the study because of raised levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone. Thyroxine-binding globulin was greatly increased in both groups of patients, but low serum albumin levels were present in 31 (39%). Despite these changes free T3 and T4 indices closely followed total T3 and T4 levels. The difference between the two groups of patients did not correlate with body weight, diagnostic categories, age, drug treatment, or duration of stay in hospital.
Exudate detection in color retinal images for mass screening of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Xiwei Zhang, Guillaume Thibault, Etienne Decencière, Beatriz Marcotegui, Bruno Laÿ, Ronan Danno, Guy Cazuguel, Gwénolé Quellec, Mathieu Lamard, Pascale Massin, Agnès Chabouis, Zeynep Victor, Ali Erginay
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2014)
Studies on the Isolation of Rheumatoid Factor
Authors: K. James, D. Felix-Davies, D. R. Stanworth
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1961)

Estimation of Protein ConcentrationThe modification of the Folin-Ciocalteau method developed by Lowry, Rosebrough, Farr, and Randall (1951) was usually employed, using a bovine serum albumin standard. Measurement of Rheumatoid Factor ActivityThe rheumatoid factor was assayed by Ball's modi- fication of the sensitized sheep cell agglutination test of Rose-Waaler (Ball, 1950), but using one-third of an 369 copyright.
Functional heterogeneity of ROMK mutations linked to hyperprostaglandin E syndrome
Authors: Nikola Jeck, Christian Derst, Erhard Wischmeyer, Henning Ott, Stefanie Weber, Christoph Rudin, Hannsjörg W. Seyberth, Jürgen Daut, Andreas Karschin, Martin Konrad
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
Pay Beds and Professional Freedom
Authors: R. S. Murley
Journal: BMJ (1975)

greatest cause of disagreement is over the use of unts based on the mole wlhenapplied to substances of higher molecular weight.This seems to be a quite unnecessary complication and ehange to no great purpose and may well prove to be a cause of error and misunderstanding.It would be infinitely preferable to use mass concentra- tion units in the same way as is recommended for proteins.-Iam, etc.,
UK authority sets limit on number of embryos transferred
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A maximum of two eggs or embryos may be transferred during a single cycle of infertility treatment in women aged under 40 years, with no exceptions, and no more than three in women over this age, rules the latest code of practice from the government's regulatory body on embryo research and treatment.

Published by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority this week, the sixth edition of the Code …
WHO's Immunodeficiencies
Authors: MICHAEL E. MILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Editorial Notes1 July 1972WHO's ImmunodeficienciesMICHAEL E. MILLER, M.D.MICHAEL E. MILLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-1-149 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptInformation on the nature and variety of immunodeficiency states has accumulated rapidly in recent years. There is now a significant need for a logical classification of these disorders and establishment of the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The recent memorandum from the World Health Organization Committee on Primary Immunodeficiencies (1) is an attempt to respond to these needs. Recognized authorities undertook the task of setting up criteria for the work-up, diagnosis, and therapy of patients with primary disorders of the immune system. That the conference was only partially successful in achieving these aims is less a criticism of the...References1. FUDENBERGGOODGOODMAN HRH: Primary immunodeficiencies. Bull WHO 45:125-142, 1971 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. MILLER M: Enhanced susceptibility to infection. Med Clin North Am 54:713-722, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Charles R. Drew Postgraduate Medical School Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1972Volume 77, Issue 1Page: 149-149KeywordsGlobal healthImmune systemImmunodeficiencies ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Doctors are failing to tell diabetic people about UK driving rules
Authors: Lisa Hitchen
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Many health professionals are still not telling insulin treated diabetic patients that they should check their blood glucose before driving. Under the regulations of the United Kingdom's Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency, insulin dependent diabetic patients must inform the agency of their condition, must test their blood glucose before they drive, and must wait 45 minutes to drive after they have had a hypoglycaemic attack.

But there are about five fatal crashes a year involving hypoglycaemia and 45 serious events a month, according to police notifications to the …
Cancer in an ileoanal reservoir: a new late complication?
Authors: H Stern, S Walfisch, B Mullen, R McLeod, Z Cohen
Journal: Gut (1990)

The functional success rate of the ileoanal reservoir procedure for ulcerative colitis is quite high. Despite the few early and late complications described there is now wide-spread acceptance of this procedure in the management of ulcerative colitis. We report a patient who developed an adenocarcinoma in the rectal cuff four years after having a pelvic pouch procedure. This new late complication brings to light several points including the importance of a radical total mucosectomy. The purpose of this paper is to discuss concern as to whether or not this procedure is indicated in colitis patients in whom severe dysplasia is the primary indication for surgery.
Free PSA for Detecting Prostate Cancer
Authors: John C. Peirce, Richard M. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An 85-Year-Old Women With a History of Falls
Authors: William M. Landau
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In regard to the evaluation of a patient who had fallen without fainting, Dr Lipsitz<sup>1</sup>broadly recommends, "Carotid sinus massage should be performed on patients with unexplained falls, syncope, or drop attacks." He assures that "complications from carotid sinus massage... are very rare," citing Munro et al,<sup>2</sup>who described a cohort in which 0.44% of 1600 patients had neurological complications, none trivial. Munro et al<sup>2</sup>(and Lipsitz) arbitrarily spared from this risk those patients with "carotid bruits, recent myocardial or cerebral ischemia, or previous ventricular tachyarrhythmias." They did not define the concurrent benefits for the regiment of patients who did not escape the test. My own review of the carotid sinus syndrome literature<sup>3</sup>cited many more reports of patients who suffered stroke, death by stroke, ventricular dysrhythmia, and death by ventricular fibrillation or asystole. One group of authors<sup>4</sup>stated that one third
Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment of Menkes Disease
Authors: Stephen G. Kaler, Courtney S. Holmes, David S. Goldstein, Jingrong Tang, Sarah C. Godwin, Anthony Donsante, Clarissa J. Liew, Susumu Sato, Nicholas Patronas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Menkes disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder of infancy caused by diverse mutations in a copper-transport gene, ATP7A. Early treatment with copper injections may prevent death and illness, but presymptomatic detection is hindered by the inadequate sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests. Exploiting the deficiency of a copper enzyme, dopamine-β-hydroxylase, we prospectively evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of plasma neurochemical levels, assessed the clinical effect of early detection, and investigated the molecular bases for treatment outcomes.
Physician Requirements in Neurology
Authors: Matthew Menken
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent estimates of 1990 physician requirements for Neurology by Bowman et al<sup>1</sup>in the Nov 18 issue (8,350 physicians) is likely to be less accurate than the earlier Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee (GMENAC) provisional estimates (5,500 physicians), so that neurology is likely to be a specialty of oversupply. At the open meeting of the Office of Graduate Medical Education, I suggested that, since 87% of a neurologist's patients are referred by another physician or agency, the crucial element in constructing norms of care is dependent on the differential burden of neurological illness in the population of referred patients. Only eight common disorders are projected to fill two thirds of professional activity in 1990 for neurologists (Table).<sup>2</sup>It is apparent from this Table that the lion's share of care requirements falls within what is generally associated with the scope of primary care practice.
Acute myelogenous leukemia with the t(3;12)(q26;p13) translocation: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ioannis A. Voutsadakis, Natacha Maillard
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Translocations involving the EVI1/MDS1 gene at 3q26 and the TEL gene at 12p13 are comparatively common in acute leukemia, but a translocation between the two genes has been reported only in a handful of cases. We report an additional case of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) preceded by a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with the translocation t(3;12)(q26;p13) in a 36‐year‐old woman. The translocation was present early in the disease and long before the MDS progressed to AML 3 years after diagnosis. At the time of progression to AML, an additional chromosomal abnormality, a monosomy 22, was discovered. The patient was treated with the protocol MAQ, which comprised mitoxantrone, aracytine, and quinine, as her blasts expressed the p‐glycoprotein, but she failed to obtain remission. A second treatment with the same protocol resulted in only minimal response. The patient was treated again with high‐dose Ara‐C and idarubicine in an attempt to achieve a response before allogeneic unrelated transplantation, but she did not respond to the treatment and died shortly thereafter. A review of the literature revealed 12 other cases of the t(3;12)(q26;p13) translocation. Characteristics of those cases are reviewed in this article. Am. J. Hematol. 72:135–137, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.