tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver graft after liver transplantation
Authors: Edward Gane, Bernard Portmann, Romil Saxena, Philip Wong, John Ramage, Roger Williams
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia has not previously been reported in patients who have undergone orthotopic liver transplantation. In this report we describe the clinical, biochemical and histologic findings in nine liver transplant recipients in whom nodular regenerative hyperplasia developed between 6 and 144 mo (median, 64 mo) after transplantation. Six of the patients manifested features of portal hypertension (variceal bleeding, ascites, severe intractable peripheral edema), whereas three patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. All patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (median, 269 IU; range, 159 to 1182 IU) and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels (median, 247 IU; range 104 to 1513 IU). Other liver function tests remained normal. In five patients, earlier biopsies had identified histological features of venous outflow block, consistent with azathioprine hepatotoxicity. All nine patients had been taking azathioprine up to the time of presentation. After withdrawal of azathioprine, liver function tests improved appreciably in five patients and histologic improvement was documented in four of these who underwent follow-up liver biopsies. In the remaining four patients progressive graft failure ensued and all subsequently underwent repeat liver retransplantation. At a certain stage, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, in the context of a liver graft, becomes an irreversible lesion, emphasizing the need for early identification and withdrawal of the agent.
Social neuroscience and its potential contribution to psychiatry
Authors: John T. Cacioppo, Stephanie Cacioppo, Stephanie Dulawa, Abraham A. Palmer
Journal: World Psychiatry (2014)

Most mental disorders involve disruptions of normal social behavior. Social neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field devoted to understanding the biological systems underlying social processes and behavior, and the influence of the social environment on biological processes, health and well-being. Research in this field has grown dramatically in recent years. Active areas of research include brain imaging studies in normal children and adults, animal models of social behavior, studies of stroke patients, imaging studies of psychiatric patients, and research on social determinants of peripheral neural, neuroendocrine and immunological processes. Although research in these areas is proceeding along largely independent trajectories, there is increasing evidence for connections across these trajectories. We focus here on the progress and potential of social neuroscience in psychiatry, including illustrative evidence for a rapid growth of neuroimaging and genetic studies of mental disorders. We also argue that neuroimaging and genetic research focused on specific component processes underlying social living is needed.
Tumor cell–associated tissue factor and circulating hemostatic factors cooperate to increase metastatic potential through natural killer cell–dependent and–independent mechanisms
Authors: Joseph S. Palumbo, Kathryn E. Talmage, Jessica V. Massari, Christine M. La Jeunesse, Matthew J. Flick, Keith W. Kombrinck, Zhiwei Hu, Kelley A. Barney, Jay L. Degen
Journal: Blood (2007)
"NEURONE" OR "NEURON."
Authors: W. M. Bayliss
Journal: BMJ (1916)

E3S r. joensif' "'NEURONE" OR " NEURON."LJUNE 24, igi6 of 1915.Witlh tlhe amounts allotted at the meeting on Junea 15tlh, the total distributed to mue(lical charities from tlle first amounted to £2,100.The Clhairman concluded by recommending tlle Committee, in accordance witlh pre- cedent, at once to make the interim grants mentioned in tle opening of this article from moneys accumulating in the Medical Benevolence Account since the beginning of tle year, and this was done.Thle amounts allotted during 1914 and 1915 and for the first six months of tliis year are shown in tlle following table: * pl ~~~1916, Grants.
Vitamin D status in different subgroups of British Asians.
Authors: S P Munt, A M Nash, R Watson, S Truswell
Journal: BMJ (1977)

To assess the effect of religious dietary practices and social customs on the vitamin D status of Asian immigrants, we kept records of the dietary intake and time spent out of doors of 81 Ugandan Asian men, women, and girls (9-19 years old). Sera were analysed for 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD3), and 28% of the subjects were found to have levels below the lower limit of normal. The (vegetarian) Hindus had the lowest dietary intakes, least time out of doors, and lowest serum 25-OHD3. The Goan (Roman Catholic) Asians, despite more pigmentation, had 25-OHD3 levels similar to those found among indigenous British people and had the most satisfactory vitamin D intakes. Among Asians, whose exposure to sunlight may be limited, dietary vitamin D becomes the major determinant of serum 25-OHD3.
BRAIN SPECT DEMONSTRATION OF HYPOPERFUSION SURROUNDING INTRACEREBRAL HEMATOMAS IN HUMANS
Authors: C. Villar-Cordova, C. Sills, L. Lamki, B. Barron, W. Pasteur, A. Ramirez, N. Mullani, J. Grotta
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Villar-Cordova, C.; Sills, C.; Lamki, L.; Barron, B.; Pasteur, W.; Ramirez, A.; Mullani, N.; Grotta, J.Author Information
IL28B polymorphism is associated with treatment response in patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Tarik Asselah, Simon De Muynck, Philippe Broët, Julien Masliah-Planchon, Maud Blanluet, Ivan Bièche, Martine Lapalus, Michelle Martinot-Peignoux, Olivier Lada, Emilie Estrabaud, Qian Zhang, Ahmed El Ray, Dominique Vidaud, Marie-Pierre Ripault, Nathalie Boyer, Pierre Bedossa, Dominique Valla, Michel Vidaud, Patrick Marcellin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Reply to Anna Orsola, Inés de Torres and Juan Morote’s Letter to the Editor re: Bas W.G. van Rhijn, Theo H. van der Kwast, Sultan S. Alkhateeb, et al. A New and Highly Prognostic System to Discern T1 Bladder Cancer Substage. Eur Urol 2012:61:378–84
Authors: Bas W.G. van Rhijn, Theo H. van der Kwast, Michael A.S. Jewett, Alexandre R. Zlotta
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Serum Hepatitis in a Group of Drug Addicts
Authors: Aaron A. Alter, Max Michael
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE marked increase in drug addiction among adolescents has been amply documented,1 , 2 as has the transmission of malaria,3 tetanus,4 acute endocarditis5 and septicemia6 among drug addicts. To our knowledge the first report in the American literature of viral hepatitis in drug addicts was that by Steigmann and his co-workers7 in 1950. They reported a group of 23 addicts with homologous serum hepatitis that they thought was spread by infected needles and syringes. Appelbaum and Kalkstein8 described a group of addicts with hepatitis, several of whom had a needle-sharing associate with a history of jaundice. The increased prevalence of viral hepatitis . . .
Intravenously applied IgG stimulates complement attenuation in a complement-dependent autoimmune disease at the amplifying C3 convertase level
Authors: Hans U. Lutz, Pia Stammler, Valentina Bianchi, Ralph M. Trüeb, Thomas Hunziker, Reinhard Burger, Emiliana Jelezarova, Peter J. Späth
Journal: Blood (2003)
DYNAMICS OF SCHOOL PUBERTY.
Authors: M. H. HATFIELD
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Dynamics, according to Webster, are "the moral as well as the physical forces, and the laws which relate to them," hence dynamic pubetry in city children, for of country children I know but little. My whole life has been a city life; my practice largely with city children, and I have come to know only too well some of the penalties which they pay for their urban existence, especially about the time of puberty; so much so that I have come to dread the time of their blossoming into manhood or womanhood under our present school system. It should be, for the child's highest possibilities a time of sunshine, singing birds and spiritual bloom. What is the actual condition of the average city child especially the girl, at this time. Haven't most of us in mind more than one case where one year ago the girl had the normal appetite,
Coronary Vasoconstriction: Visible and Invisible
Authors: Attilio Maseri
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

RESEARCH often proceeds in waves produced by observations that open new avenues for investigation. Over the past decade the finding that vascular tone can be modulated by vasoactive substances released by endothelium1 has influenced biologic, physiologic, and clinical research. The observation that vasodilator stimuli can cause constriction of an artery after the removal or injury of the endothelium supported the notion that endothelial dysfunction is the most important cause of inappropriate vasoconstriction.In cardiology this interesting line of research merged with another, which also began in the 1980s after it was observed that coronary stenoses can often dilate or constrict . . .
E-cigarette companies target youth, US congressional study finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Makers of electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, market their products to young people by sponsoring youth oriented events, advertising on media with young audiences, making products with flavors that appeal to children and teenagers, and handing out free samples at youth events, says an investigation commissioned by Democratic members of the US Congress.1

The investigation looked at the marketing practices of nine popular e-cigarette brands: Altria, RJ Reynolds Vapor Company, NJOY, Eonsmoke, LOGIC, VMR, Lorillard, Green Smoke, and Lead by Sales, which makes White Cloud Cigarettes.

E-cigarettes are battery …
The role of falling leptin levels in the neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptation to short-term starvation in healthy men
Authors: Jean L. Chan, Kathleen Heist, Alex M. DePaoli, Johannes D. Veldhuis, Christos S. Mantzoros
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

To elucidate the role of leptin in regulating neuroendocrine and metabolic function during an acute fast, six to eight healthy, lean men were studied under four separate conditions: a baseline fed state and three 72-hour fasting studies with administration of either placebo, low-dose recombinant-methionyl human leptin (r-metHuLeptin), or replacement-dose r-metHuLeptin designed to maintain serum leptin at levels similar to those in the fed state. Replacement-dose r-metHuLeptin administered during fasting prevents the starvation-induced changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and, in part, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and IGF-1 binding capacity in serum. Thus, in normal men, the fall in leptin with fasting may be both necessary and sufficient for the physiologic adaptations of these axes, which require leptin levels above a certain threshold for activation. In contrast to findings in mice, fasting-induced changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, renin-aldosterone, and growth hormone–IGF-1 axes as well as fuel utilization may be independent of leptin in humans. The role of leptin in normalizing several starvation-induced neuroendocrine changes may have important implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of eating disorders and obesity.
Cyclic nucleotides attenuate thrombin-evoked alterations in parameters of platelet Na/H antiport. The role of cytosolic Ca.
Authors: M Kimura, N Lasker, A Aviv
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

In this work, we explored the role of cyclic nucleotides in modulating parameters of the Na/H antiport in human platelets. Sodium nitroprusside and iloprost, as well as cyclic nucleotide analogues, were used to raise cellular levels of cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic nucleotides reversed the thrombin-evoked alkaline shift in cytosolic pH set point and the activity of the Na/H antiport, concurrently with attenuation of thrombin-induced rise in cytosolic free Ca. No effect of cyclic nucleotides was observed in platelets not treated with thrombin, or platelets subjected to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. cAMP did not reverse ionomycin-induced changes in the parameters of the Na/H antiport. Collectively, these observations indicate that cyclic nucleotides modulate the Na/H antiporter in human platelets through their effect on thrombin-evoked changes in cytosolic free Ca. Presumably, this effect holds for other agonists which stimulate phospholipase C, raise cytosolic-free Ca, and activate the Na/H antiport through protein kinase C dependent and protein kinase C-independent mechanisms.
Magnesium could save hundreds of women's lives worldwide
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Magnesium sulphate injections have been shown to halve the risk of eclampsia in pregnant women and can save their lives, concludes a major clinical trial published in this week's Lancet (2002;359:1877-90).

Over 10000 women from 33 countries, many of them in the developing world, took part in the three year, £2.5m ($3.7m; €3.9m) research study, funded by the UK Medical Research Council. All the women had pre-eclampsia. Half were randomly assigned to be given …
Explosiveness of Ether
Authors: Bernard Horn
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Albert Sabin, MD, states in his answer (238:63, 1977) regarding the use of ether (diethyl) in the treatment of herpes simplex: "I see no reason why a physician cannot supply a screwcapped or cork-stoppered vial containing 30 to 60 ml of ether directly to the patient." I wish to point out that diethyl ether, once opened from its sealed container and exposed to air, oxidizes to form peroxides that are highly explosive. This supply of ether, if stored, would constitute an extreme hazard not only to the patient and his family but also to the physician and his office personnel storing a larger, open bottle of ether to supply patients.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Evidence for an Association With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Marcin Skowroński, Dorota Zozulińska, Jacek Juszczyk, Bogna Wierusz-Wysocka
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Antonelli et al. (1) classified diabetes associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as type 2. However, these patients show slightly different phenotype than typical type 2 diabetic subjects. Of interest, in our study, HCV diabetic patients presented similar intermediate clinical phenotype with significantly lower BMI (26.5 ± 4.8 vs. 30.9 ± 6.3 kg/m2), systolic (133.9 ± 14.0 vs. 142.9 ± 25.6 …
Hexachlorophene Teratogenicity in Humans Disputed
Authors: Bengt Källén
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> A news article by William Check (240:513, 1978) summarizes a study by Hildegard Halling, MD, from Sweden presented at a New York Academy of Sciences meeting. The study suggests that repeated handwashing with hexachlorophene (HCP)-containing detergents during pregnancy can be associated with a greatly increased incidence of both major and minor birth defects in the offspring. I have had the opportunity to follow Halling's study and would like to make the following comments. The news article gives the reader the impression that Halling first made an observation on an increased incidence of malformations among infants born to women who had washed their hands repeatedly with HCP, and that this prompted her to make an independent investigation of this problem by comparing the malformation rate in infants exposed to HCP during pregnancy and infants not exposed to HCP. Her study was not made in that way. She
World body reviews doctors' links to drug industry
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2003)

No individual doctors should receive direct payment from commercial companies to cover travelling expenses, room and board at a conference, or compensation for their time, according to proposed guidelines from the World Medical Association.

The association is developing the guidelines to clarify the relationship between doctors and commercial enterprises, including the pharmaceutical industry. Underpinning the proposals is the need for doctors to disclose and avoid competing interests.

The guidelines, discussed at a recent meeting of the association, acknowledge the complex nature of the relationship between doctors and industry. They also acknowledge that a potential conflict of interest clearly exists when a commercial enterprise, such as a pharmaceutical or medical supplies company, has direct or indirect influence over doctors' behaviour because it offers financial support.

However, the association acknowledged that industry support was …
N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide but not copeptin improves prediction of heart failure over other routine clinical risk parameters in older men with and without cardiovascular disease: population‐based study
Authors: S. Goya Wannamethee, Paul Welsh, Peter H. Whincup, Lucy Lennon, Olia Papacosta, Naveed Sattar
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)

Measurement of NT-proBNP and copeptin may help identify those at high risk of heart failure (HF). However the value of NT-proBNP and copeptin has been little studied in the older population in primary care. This study aims to examine the use of NT-proBNP and copeptin in improving risk prediction and stratification of HF in older men with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD).This was a prospective study of 3870 men aged 60-79 years with no diagnosed HF followed up for a mean period of 11 years, during which there were 254 incident HF cases. NT-proBNP was associated with HF in those with and without established CVD [diagnosed myocardial infarction (MI), angina, or stroke]. NT-proBNP improved prediction beyond routine conventional risk factors (age, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, history of MI, and history of angina) and the Health ABC Heart Failure Score in all men and in men with and without established CVD (P<0.0001 for improvement in c-statistics). The net reclassification index (NRI) beyond conventional risk factors was 18.8% overall (27.4% for men without CVD and 17.4% for men with CVD). In contrast, copeptin was associated with HF in men with CVD only and did not improve prediction of HF after inclusion of conventional risk factors (P = 0.95 for improvement in c-statistics).NT-proBNP, but not copeptin significantly improves prediction and risk stratification of HF beyond routine clinical parameters obtained in general practice settings in older men both with and without established CVD.
Long-term Sequential Changes in Exercise Capacity and Chronotropic Responsiveness After Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: Michael M. Givertz, L. Howard Hartley, Wilson S. Colucci
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Peak exercise capacity improves early after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. However, the physiological response to exercise remains abnormal, with a reduced rate of heart rate (HR) rise and reductions in peak exercise HR and the increment in HR from rest to peak exercise. This chronotropic incompetence is due in large part to cardiac denervation. If reinnervation occurs after transplantation, it might result in an improvement in both chronotropic responsiveness and maximal exercise capacity. We therefore hypothesized that the chronotropic response to exercise and maximal exercise capacity would improve with time after transplantation. Methods and Results Peak symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise tests performed in 57 clinically stable cardiac transplant recipients (mean age, 45±2 years) serially for up to 5 years after transplantation and in 33 control subjects without heart disease were analyzed retrospectively. Pretransplantation exercise tests were also performed in 41 patients an average of 4.7±0.6 months before transplantation. At 1 year after transplantation, peak oxygen consumption was 16.6±0.9 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 , reflecting a 43% increase versus pretransplantation. Nevertheless, compared with control subjects, maximal exercise capacity and the HR response to exercise were subnormal in transplant recipients. There were no further increases in peak exercise capacity, peak exercise HR, or the peak increment in HR with exercise up to 5 years after transplantation. Conclusions One year after cardiac transplantation, peak exercise capacity and chronotropic responsiveness are subnormal. There is no further improvement in peak exercise capacity or chronotropic responsiveness as late as 5 years after transplantation. These data indicate that with regard to chronotropic responsiveness, functionally significant cardiac reinnervation does not occur between the first and fifth years after transplantation.
The Role of Postganglionic Sympathetic Blockade in Antihypertensive Therapy
Authors: J. Marion Bryant
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Currently, neurogenic blockade is used as a supplement to sulfonamide-diuretics (with or without reserpine) when optimal antihypertensive control is not obtained with these drugs alone. Although the use of neurogenic blocking agents preceded that of sulfonamide-diuretics by ten years, the latter have become first in therapeutic choice. A combination of chlorthalidone and reserpine produced normotension in 58 of 100 ambulatory outpatients with moderate to severe essential hypertension. Twentytwo of 42 subjects with residual hypertension became normotensive when chlorthalidone-reserpine therapy was augmented with a postganglionic sympathetic blocking agent (debrisoquin sulfate). In the authors' opinion neurogenic blocking agents, or other potent antihypertensive drugs as adjuncts to sulfonamide-diuretics, are indicated in approximately 40% of patients with moderate or severe essential hypertension. Debrisoquin appears to be more practical, as a supplementary antihypertensive drug, than older related blocking agents.
Siblings, Day-Care Attendance, and the Risk of Asthma and Wheezing during Childhood
Authors: Thomas M. Ball, Jose A. Castro-Rodriguez, Kent A. Griffith, Catharine J. Holberg, Fernando D. Martinez, Anne L. Wright
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Young children with older siblings and those who attend day care are at increased risk for infections, which in turn may protect against the development of allergic diseases, including asthma. However, the results of studies examining the relation between exposure to other children and the subsequent development of asthma have been conflicting.
Intestinal Telangiectasia in Turner's Syndrome
Authors: E. Rutlin, F. Wisløff, J. Myren, A. Serck-Hanssen
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

A 37-year old female with Turner's syndrome, iron deficiency anemia and intermittent gastrointestinal hemorrhage is described. Gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies, revealed telangiectasia in the duodenal bulb, the cecum and the ascending colon.
<b><i>Perception</i></b> is far from <b><i>perfection</i></b>: The role of the brain and mind in constructing realities
Authors: Itiel E. Dror
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Dichotomizing perceptions, by those that have an objective reality and those that do not, is rejected. Perceptions are suggested to fall along a multidimensional continuum in which neither end is totally “pure.” At the extreme ends, perceptions neither have an objective reality without some subjectivity, nor, at the other end, even as hallucinations, are they totally dissociated from reality.