tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P119 Is A Practice Incremental Shuttle Walk Test Needed For Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Admitted To Hospital For An Acute Exacerbation?
Authors: V. Johnson-Warrington, K. Mitchell, S. Singh
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) assesses exercise capacity in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Guidelines suggest 2 ISWTs should be performed. However, in patients who have been admitted with an acute exacerbation, it is unknown if 2 ISWTs are required. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate if a practice ISWT is needed for inpatients with an acute exacerbation of COPD. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients admitted to hospital with an acute exacerbation completed 2 ISWTs, prior to discharge. Patients gave written informed consent (ISRCTN84599369) and were included if they used the same oxygen and mobility aid (if any) between tests. <h3>Results</h3> 37 inpatients with COPD (19 male) were included: mean (SD) 67.89(8.02) years with BMI 24.66(6.60), FEV<sub>1</sub> was 1.07(0.44)l[41.94(13.72)% predicted], FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC 47.11(11.70)%, median (inter-quartile range) MRC dyspnoea grade 4(3–5), resting Borg breathlessness 2(0.5–3) and 11 had never exercised. Participants achieved ISWT1 92.16(97.67)m, post-HR 108.64(14.33), post-SaO<sub>2</sub> 90.33(3.89), post-Borg breathlessness 4(3–5) and post-Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE) 13(13–15). There was a statistically significant increase of 14.59(29.12)m for ISWT2 (p &lt; 0.05) but no significant differences in HR, SaO<sub>2</sub>, Borg or RPE. Bland Altman plot (Figure 1a) shows acceptable agreement between the ISWTs. When calculating Endurance Shuttle Walk Test (ESWT) level at 85% VO<sub>2</sub> peak as estimated from ISWT1 and ISWT2, there was a significant increase of one level (p &lt; 0.05). Multiple regression explained 92.1% of the variance (<i>F</i><sub>(9–18)</sub>p &lt; 0.001, R<sup>2</sup> 0.921) of the difference between ISWTs using FEV<sub>1</sub>%predicted, FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC%, BMI, exercise history, resting SaO<sub>2</sub>, ISWT1 distance, ISWT1 post-SaO<sub>2</sub>, post-Borg and post-RPE (p &lt; 0.05). Using the multiple regression equation to calculate predicted ISWT2, there was good agreement (Figure 1b) and no significance difference between this and actual ISWT2 (0.04 m, p &gt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> There was a small but statistically significant increase between ISWTs, which was below the minimal clinically important difference. However, this difference changed the ESWT level for some patients which would have had consequences for exercise prescription. This exploratory work has shown that we can predict the difference between ISWTs using a multiple regression equation which could substitute the need for a second ISWT; this needs to be confirmed prospectively. A practice ISWT is therefore not necessarily needed in this patient group.
Employment Status of House Staff
Authors: David R. Challoner
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I agree with Ralph M. Stanifer, MD (242:745, 1979), that "interns and residents are at the same time both students and employees." However, there is no reason whatsoever to assume that declaration of resident costs as service, as opposed to education, is likely to dissuade the US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare from using this reimbursement lever for policy purposes, should the agency decide to do so to effect specialty or geographic distribution. House Bill 2222 cannot be supported with such an argument. Dr Stanifer's conclusion, that classification of house staff as primarily students would be detrimental, emanates from his recitation of several potentially adverse actions by state licensing boards, third-party payers, and others in response to such classification. The fact of the matter is that house staff members have been so classified all along, as borne out by the National Labor Relations Board's Cedar-Sinai ruling,
P508 VALIDATION OF THE CLIF-CONSORTIUM (CLIF-C) SCORE TO PREDICT MORTALITY OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE (ACLF) IN AN EXTERNAL COHORT AND FOR SEQUENTIAL MEASUREMENTS
Authors: R. Jalan, M. Pavesi, F. Saliba, A. Amoros, E. Levesque, R. Moreau, P. Gines, F. Durand, P. Angeli, B. Agarwal, C. Alessandria, W. Laleman, J. Trebicka, D. Samuel, S. Zeuzem, T. Gustot, J. Cordoba, M. Domenicali, A. Gerbes, J. Wendon, M. Bernardi, V. Arroyo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Pulmonary contraindications, indications and MELD exceptions for liver transplantation: A contemporary view and look forward
Authors: Michael J. Krowka, Russell H. Wiesner, Julie K. Heimbach
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)

Pulmonary concerns in liver transplant candidates have intraoperative and outcome implications. Evolving MELD exception policies address transplant priority for problems such as hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, and hemorrhagic hereditary telangiectasia. Other pulmonary issues such as refractory hepatic hydrothorax, advanced chronic obstructive lung disease (including alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency) and indeterminate pulmonary nodules may affect liver transplant consideration. Herein, we discuss current pulmonary-related contraindications, indications and MELD exception policies for liver transplantation, suggesting future considerations.
The relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and bronchiectasis.
Authors: C Kelly, P Gardiner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

arising 4) How are your articular symptoms? (joint swelling, spine stiffness, tendinitis).5) Did you modify your NSAID regime?(more, unchanged, reduced/discontinued).6) Do you consider that the effect of the diet justifies continuing it?
Propranolol for Causalgia And Sudek Atrophy
Authors: George Simson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  The dramatic response following propranolol hydrochloride therapy used in two desperate clinical situations prompts me to share this experience with other physicians.  The first patient had intractable causalgia of her foot, presumably due to medicaments injected near the sciatic nerve. Her pain was controlled poorly by increasing quantities of narcotics. Minimal response followed several sympathetic blocks. She was seen for a routine evaluation prior to planned sympathectomy. The physical findings were classical for causalgia. The patient could not tolerate the slightest air motion near her foot. After three months of medication, she was thought by all of her physicians to be addicted to narcotics.  Propranolol hydrochloride treatment in a dosage of 40 mg every four hours was started. Within 48 hours, her condition, both objectively and subjectively, had improved by more than 50%. During the ensuing week, improvement continued and she was able to discontinue the narcotics
Esterase-activatable β-lapachone prodrug micelles for NQO1-targeted lung cancer therapy
Authors: Xinpeng Ma, Xiumei Huang, Zachary Moore, Gang Huang, Jessica A. Kilgore, Yiguang Wang, Suntrea Hammer, Noelle S. Williams, David A. Boothman, Jinming Gao
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Control of Blood Sugar in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes: Comparison of an Artificial Endocrine Pancreas, Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion, and Intensified Conventional Insulin Therapy
Authors: Robert A. Rizza, John E. Gerich, Morey W. Haymond, Robert E. Westland, Larry D. Hall, Anton H. Clemens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Control of Blood Sugar in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes: Comparison of an Artificial Endocrine Pancreas, Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion, and Intensified Conventional Insulin Therapy
Increased MerTK expression in circulating innate immune cells of patients with septic shock
Authors: Caroline Guignant, Fabienne Venet, Séverine Planel, Julie Demaret, Aurélie Gouel-Chéron, Christophe Nougier, Arnaud Friggeri, Bernard Allaouchiche, Alain Lepape, Guillaume Monneret
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
Loss of tumor suppressor PTEN function increases B7-H1 expression and immunoresistance in glioma
Authors: Andrew T Parsa, James S Waldron, Amith Panner, Courtney A Crane, Ian F Parney, Jeffrey J Barry, Kristine E Cachola, Joseph C Murray, Tarik Tihan, Michael C Jensen, Paul S Mischel, David Stokoe, Russell O Pieper
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
HDL and Cardiovascular-Disease Risk — Time for a New Approach?
Authors: Jay Heinecke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Clinical and epidemiologic studies have consistently shown that low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are strongly associated with an increase in the risk of coronary artery disease.1 Moreover, hypercholesterolemic mice with genetic defects in HDL metabolism are markedly atherosclerotic,2,3 providing compelling evidence that HDL is a key modulator of the disease in animal models. These observations, together with the large residual disease risk among patients with coronary disease who are treated with statins, have triggered intense interest in therapies that raise levels of HDL cholesterol.Despite the abundant evidence for the inverse association between HDL cholesterol and the . . .
Primary treatment of prostatic cancer.
Authors: P J Doyle
Journal: BMJ (1977)

hypoxia and decreased renal perfusion so that urea formation is increased and excretion hindered.This could lead to a moderately elevated plasma urea and slightly elevated plasma creatinine, which might account for the apparently inferior dis- criminating power of the urea :creatinine ratio observed by your contributors when compared with the individual measurements of urea and creatinine.Incidentally, the correlation between plasma urea and creatinine in the 350 unselected patients may have been adversely affected if the authors included patients with ketoacidosis.It is well known that acetoacetate and acetone interfere in the Jaffe reaction for creatinine i and the plot of urea versus creatinine showed a number of points with seemingly disproportionate high creatinine concentrations.
Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy of Choroidal Infiltrates and Dalen-Fuchs Nodules in Sympathetic Ophthalmic
Authors: Chi-Chao Chan, David Benezra, Merlyn M. Rodrigues, Alan C. Palestine, Su-Ming Hsu, Alan L. Murphree, Robert B. Nussenblatt
Journal: Ophthalmology (1985)
Human platelets contain gelsolin. A regulator of actin filament length.
Authors: S E Lind, H L Yin, T P Stossel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Morphologic and biochemical studies suggest that actin in human platelets polymerizes in response to various stimuli and that shortening of actin filaments can be regulated by calcium. We report that human platelets contain gelsolin, a protein of Mr 91,000 that binds reversibly to actin in the presence of calcium. Platelet gelsolin exhibits immunologic crossreactivity with rabbit macrophage gelsolin and shortens actin filaments as demonstrated by viscosity measurements and gel point determinations. Gelsolin is active in micromolar calcium concentrations and its effects upon actin filaments are reversible. Gelsolin may be a dynamic regulator of actin filament length in the human platelet.
Owl of Wisdom
Authors: Mehdi Tavassoli
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The Reed-Sternberg cell is highly characteristic of, but not unique to, Hodgkin's disease. Morphologically, it is usually a binucleate giant cell with prominent nucleoli often referred to as "owl eyes." The cell, presumably, is the malignant cell of Hodgkin's disease, the presumption based on clonal aneuploidy, growth characteristics in tissue culture, and heterotransplantability into athymic "nude" mice. The recent demonstration of the Epstein-Barr viral genome in this cell has lent support to a long-standing suspicion that the virus may play a causative role in Hodgkin's disease.<sup>1</sup> Yet the Reed-Sternberg cell continues to bewilder pathologists and investigators alike. Despite sophisticated techniques for cell identification, its lineage is debated: is it lymphocyte or is it macrophage? Its demonstration in other reticuloendothelial diseases casts a veil of uncertainty across its preeminence as a pathognomonic diagnostic feature of Hodgkin's disease. The cell surely manages to confuse us. Those nucleoli do more than look
More evidence for the role of estrogens in female differentiation of the brain
Authors: Klaus D. Döhler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Evidence accumulates that pre- and postnatally circulating estrogens play an active role in the differentiation of the female brain: the susceptible period for feminization of the brain seems to extend far beyond the period during which masculinization of the brain occurs. Thus, there is a need to reevaluate the widely accepted “concept of basic femaleness” in sexual brain differentiation.
Comparative antiarrhythmic efficacy of verapamil, 17-monochloracetylajmaline, mexiletine and amiodarone in patients with severe chagasic myocarditis: Relation with the underlying arrhythmogenic mechanisms
Authors: Alejandro H. Haedo, Pablo A. Chiale, Jorge D. Bandieri, Julio O. Lázzari, Marcelo V. Elizari, Mauricio B. Rosenbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
Significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Sputum
Authors: M. W. Burns
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from the sputum of 63 patients. In 34 the organism was a commensal, in 14 it was causing chronic suppuration, and in 10 had interfered with antibiotics directed against other organisms and was thus indirectly pathogenic. In five patients, all of whom died, the organism could have been acting as an acute pathogen. Attempts should be made to determine the nature of the organism9s pathogenicity in a given patient and appropriate therapy withheld or administered accordingly.
Mite-proof covers: Mite Penetration of Different Types of Materials Claimed to be Mite-proof by the Siriraj Chamber Method
Authors: V. Mahakittikun, C. Sirikasemlert, N. Rungsimuntakul, P. Deemark, J.J. Boitano, E. Tovey, T. Matsumoto, C. Andre
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Predictors of mortality in insulin dependent diabetes: 10 year observational follow up study
Authors: P. Rossing, P. Hougaard, K. Borch-Johnsen, H.-H. Parving
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To evaluate the prognostic significance of microalbuminuria and overt diabetic nephropathy and other putative risk factors for cardiovascular and all cause mortality in insulin dependent diabetes.Ten year observational follow up study.Outpatient diabetic clinic in a tertiary referral centre.All 939 adults with insulin dependent diabetes (duration of diabetes five years or more) attending the clinic in 1984; 593 had normal urinary albumin excretion (< or = 30 mg/24 h), 181 persistent microalbuminuria (31-299 mg/24 h), and 165 overt nephropathy (> or = 300 mg/24 h).All cause and cardiovascular mortality.Fifteen per cent of patients (90/593) with normoalbuminuria, 25% (45/181) with microalbuminuria, and 44% (72/165) with overt nephropathy at baseline died during follow up. Cox multiple regression analysis identified the following significant predictors of all cause mortality: male sex (relative risk 2.03; 95% confidence interval 1.37 to 3.02), age (1.07; 1.06 to 1.08), height (0.96; 0.94 to 0.98), smoking (1.51; 1.09 to 2.08), social class V versus social class IV (1.70; 1.25 to 2.31), log10 urinary albumin excretion (1.45; 1.18 to 1.77), hypertension (1.63; 1.18 to 2.25), log10 serum creatinine concentration (8.96; 3.34 to 24.08), and haemoglobin A1c concentration (1.11; 1.03 to 1.20). Age, smoking, microalbuminuria, overt nephropathy, and hypertension were significant predictors of cardiovascular mortality. Mortality in patients with microalbuminuria was only slightly increased compared with that in patients with normoalbuminuria. Median survival time after the onset of overt diabetic nephropathy was 13.9 years (95% confidence interval 11.8 to 17.2 years).Abnormally increased urinary albumin excretion and other potentially modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, poor glycaemic control, and social class predict increased mortality in insulin dependent diabetes. Microalbuminuria by itself confers only a small increase in mortality. The prognosis of patients with overt diabetic nephropathy has improved, probably owing to effective antihypertensive treatment.
TCT-723 Transferring from Clopidogrel Loading Dose to Prasugrel Loading Dose in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: High on-Treatment Platelet Reactivity Analysis of the TRIPLET Trial
Authors: Jean Diodati, Dominick Angiolillo, Jorge Saucedo, Tracy Cardillo, Joseph Jakubowski, Carsten Henneges, Mark Effron, Fred Lipkin, Harold Fisher
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Low molecular weight iron and the oxygen paradox in isolated rat hearts.
Authors: A Voogd, W Sluiter, H G van Eijk, J F Koster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Little is known about changes in the amount of iron in the intracellular low molecular weight pool, which catalyzes the Fenton reactions during reperfusion after ischemia. In this study a new approach is presented to measure low molecular weight iron and it is applied to normal hearts during ischemia and to iron-loaded hearts during anoxia and reoxygenation. The results of this study show that (a) during ischemia in normal hearts a progressive 30-fold increase occurs in low molecular weight iron after 45 min of ischemia, whereas (b) during 45 min of anoxic perfusion the low molecular weight iron does not increase. This means that the reductive release from the storage protein ferritin is greatly enhanced by the acidification that occurs during ischemia. (c) Anoxic perfusion of iron-loaded hearts does increase low molecular weight iron and there is a further increase upon reoxygenation, which is prevented by (+)-cyanidanol-3. Based on these findings it is concluded that oxygen deprivation enhances the susceptibility of rat hearts to oxygen radicals by increasing the amount of catalytic, ferrous iron in the low molecular weight pool.
Antioxidant Supplements and Mortality—Reply
Authors: Lise Lotte Gluud, Goran Bjelakovic, Dimitrinka Nikolova, Rosa G. Simonetti, Christian Gluud
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
807 IMPACT OF LUNG AND LYMPH NODE METASTASIS ON EFFICACY AND SAFETY FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH SORAFENIB IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA FROM THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION
Authors: H. Pan, Z. Guan, Y.K. Kang, Z. Chen, C.J. Tsao, A.L. Cheng, J.S. Kim, K. Burock, J. Zou, D. Voliotis, S. Qin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Phenytoin Hypersensitivity-Reply
Authors: William E. Mitch
Journal: JAMA (1977)

ABSTRACT In Reply.— Dr Wilensky is correct that we must always be careful in assigning a cause-effect relationship to one drug when a patient is also receiving another drug. However, the clinical syndrome of the patient we reported was characteristic of the commonly occurring reaction to phenytoin except for the transient renal failure. We considered the possibility that phenobarbitol (which structurally resembles phenytoin) could be implicated in this syndrome, but did not believe that a test dose or injection was warranted.
Abstract 5358: IL-4/IL-13 induce Duox2/DuoxA2 expression and reactive oxygen production in human pancreatic and colon cancer cells
Authors: Yongzhong Wu, James H. Doroshow
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute significantly to inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. Expression of dual oxidase 2 (Duox2), one of seven members of the NOX gene family, is up-regulated in inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pancreatitis, and in many human malignancies including carcinomas of the prostate, lung, and breast. Previously, we demonstrated that Stat1 and/or NF-κB play a critical role in modulating the enhanced expression of Duox2, and its cognate maturation factor DuoxA2, by IFN-γ and lipopolysaccharide in human pancreatic cancer cells. This cytokine-mediated increase in Duox2 expression is responsible for a consequent significant increase in tumor cell H2O2 production and DNA damage. Using Caco2 and T84 human colon cancer lines, and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells, we now report that two other pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, also strongly induce Duox2/DuoxA2 RNA and protein expression (&amp;gt;5-10-fold after 24h treatment with 50 ng/ml cytokine). In the BxPC-3 line, IL-4 exposure activates the Stat6 signaling pathway, enhances expression of Duox2/DuoxA2 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, and leads to a significant increase in the generation of extracellular H2O2. The transcription and translation inhibitors actinomycin D and cyclohexamide both individually suppress IL-4-induced Duox2 expression, suggesting that IL-4-mediated Duox2 up-regulation is transcriptionally regulated, but that new protein synthesis is also necessary. We found that Stat6 is essential for IL-4-induced Duox2 expression because silencing Stat6 with Stat6-specific siRNA significantly attenuates IL-4-induced Duox2 RNA and protein levels in BxPC-3 cells. To evaluate the potential role of Duox2 in inflammation-associated human cancers further, immunohistochemical studies were performed to semi-quantitatively examine Duox expression using human pancreatic and colon cancer tissue arrays. We found that a majority of samples of pancreatic intra-epithelial neoplasia and frank pancreatic cancer demonstrated high-level expression of Duox , often in association with inflammatory cell infiltrates; high-level Duox expression was also found in most colorectal cancer samples. These studies, in concert with our previous experiments, strongly suggest that ROS, produced as a consequence of cytokine-induced Duox up-regulation, may be associated with the development of inflammation-related gastrointestinal malignancies. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Yongzhong Wu, James H. Doroshow. IL-4/IL-13 induce Duox2/DuoxA2 expression and reactive oxygen production in human pancreatic and colon cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5358. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5358
A hybrid for open access
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2004)

experience early in medical school.Interviewing 64 students, staff, and curriculum leaders from three university medical schools in the United Kingdom, Dornan and Bundy (p 834) found that early experience can generate greater motivation and confidence, greater social and self awareness, and better theoretical understanding among students.A lack of early experience can demotivate students and leave them vulnerable to negative emotions when they finally enter the clinical environment.