tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased Cardiac Adenylyl Cyclase Expression Is Associated With Increased Survival After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Toshiyuki Takahashi, Tong Tang, N. Chin Lai, David M. Roth, Brian Rebolledo, Miho Saito, Wilbur Y.W. Lew, Paul Clopton, H. Kirk Hammond
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Cardiac-directed expression of adenylyl cyclase type VI (AC(VI)) in mice results in structurally normal hearts with normal basal heart rate and function but increased responses to catecholamine stimulation. We tested the hypothesis that increased left ventricular (LV) AC(VI) content would increase mortality after acute myocardial infarction (MI).Transgenic mice with cardiac-directed AC(VI) expression and their transgene-negative littermates (control) underwent coronary ligation, and survival, infarct size, and LV size and function were assessed 1 to 7 days after MI. Mice with increased AC(VI) expression had increased survival (control 41%, AC(VI) 74%; P = 0.004). Infarct size and myocardial apoptotic rates were similar in AC(VI) and control mice; however, AC(VI) mice had less LV dilation (P < 0.001) and increased ejection fractions (P < 0.03). Three days after MI, studies in isolated perfused hearts showed that basal LV +dP/dt was similar, but graded dobutamine infusion was associated with a more robust LV contractile response in AC(VI) mice (P < 0.05). Increased LV function was associated with increases in cAMP generation (P = 0.0002), phospholamban phosphorylation (P < 0.04), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) affinity for calcium (P < 0.015), and reduced AV block (P = 0.04).In acute MI, increased cardiac AC(VI) content attenuates adverse LV remodeling, preserves LV contractile function, and reduces mortality.
DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF 320-ROW MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY FOR THE NON-INVASIVE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH SUSPECTED ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Joella E. van Velzen, Joanne D. Schuijf, Fleur R. de Graaf, Eleanore SJ Kröner, Lucia J. Kroft, Albert de Roos, Johannes HC Reiber, Martin J. Schalij, J. Wouter Jukema, Ernst E. van der Wall, Jeroen J. Bax
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
HOMOTYPIC COMPLEMENT-FIXING ANTIBODY IN MONKEYS INFECTED WITH TYPE 2 POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS BY THE ORAL ROUTE
Authors: Jordi Casals, Peter K. Olitsky, Albert B. Sabin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

CF tests with Type 2 poliomyelitis antigen (MEF1) were performed on the pre- and postinfection sera of 20 cynomolgus monkeys which developed paralytic, non-paralytic, or inapparent infection following oral administration of a Type 2 strain of virus (Y-SK). All the monkeys developed neutralizing antibody, and 17 developed CF antibody in an original serum dilution titer of 1:4 or greater. The 3 monkeys which did not develop this level of CF antibody were in a group of 7 which died within 8 days after onset of paralysis. The CF titers were as high at 2 to 6 days after onset of paralysis in the other 4 moribund or dead monkeys as in the surviving animals tested 4 weeks after the first dose of virus and the CF titers were of the same order of magnitude in the groups with paralytic, non-paralytic, or inapparent infection. The Type 2 poliomyelitis CF titers developed in monkeys as a result of infection with homotypic virus were not greater than those found in human beings infected with heterotypic Type 1 poliomyelitis strains.
P1319 ONCE-DAILY SIMEPREVIR (TMC435) WITH PEGINTERFERON/RIBAVIRIN IN TREATMENT-NAIVE OR TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED CHRONIC HCV GENOTYPE 4-INFECTED PATIENTS: FINAL RESULTS OF A PHASE III TRIAL
Authors: C. Moreno, C. Hezode, P. Marcellin, S. Bourgeois, S. Francque, D. Samuel, F. Zoulim, J.-D. Grange, O. Lenz, S. Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan, M. Peeters, M. Beumont-Mauviel, W. Jessner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
RISK OF MAJOR BLEEDING AFTER INITIATION OF DUAL OR TRIPLE ANTITHROMBOTIC DRUG THERAPY IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS FOLLOWING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND CORONARY STENTING: A NATIONWIDE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Morten Lamberts, Morten Hansen, Jonas Olesen, Anne-Marie Schjerning Olsen, Martin Ruwald, Deniz Karasoy, Jesper Lindhardsen, Lars Kober, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gunnar Gislason
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effects of Levocetirizine on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Persistent Allergic Rhinitis and Comorbid Asthma
Authors: G. Passalacqua, M. Pasquali, A. Rogkakou, I. Baiardini, A. Riccio, C. Gamalero, G. Canonica
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Effect of short-term ethanol administration on lorazepam clearance
Authors: Anasticio M. Hoyumpa, Rashmi Patwardhan, Michael Maples, Paul V. Desmond, Raymond F. Johnson, Alicia P. Sinclair, Steven Schenker
Journal: Hepatology (1981)

The disposition of chlordiazepoxide (Librium®) and diazepam (Valium®), compounds which are initially degraded by oxidative processes, differs from that of oxazepam (Serax®) and lorazepam (Ativan®), drugs which are inactivated by conjugation with glucuronic acid. Liver disease and cimetidine impair the elimination of the former agents, but not the latter two benzodiazepines. In addition, ethanol inhibits the metabolism of chlordiazepoxide and diazepam. The present studies were performed to determine the effect of short-term ethanol administration on glucuronidation and elimination of lorazepam in dogs and humans. Because, in dogs, lorazepam has a high extraction ratio (approximately 0.9) with an anticipated large presystemic elimination, the influence of ethanol on the presystemic (first-pass) elimination of lorazepam was determined. Administration of p.o. lorazepam to five healthy dogs 1 hr after i.v. saline or ethanol (3 gm/kg) reduced the presystemic elimination of lorazepam by 52% (p &lt; 0.05). In man, lorazepam has a low (approximately 0.05) extraction ratio and only a small first-pass effect. Short-term administration of ethanol (0.8 gm/kg followed by 0.5 gm/kg p.o. every 5 hr for four doses) reduced i.v. lorazepam clearance by 18% (p &lt; 0.03). In dogs and man, ethanol did not significantly alter lorazepam t½, plasma protein binding, or distribution volume (Vd β ). The results suggest that short-term ethanol administration impairs the conjugation of lorazepam in dogs and man.
Adding Context to Structure
Authors: Margaret A. Winker
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In this issue ofThe Journal, readers will find 2 new features designed to highlight the clinical importance of articles. One is an addition to our structured abstracts for original research articles. Structured abstracts were adopted by<i>JAMA</i>in 1991<sup>1</sup>after being introduced by Haynes and colleagues.<sup>2</sup>Structure replaced the fluid but often uninformative prose of traditional abstracts and ensured that the essential elements of an original study—objective, design, setting, patients, outcome measures, results, and conclusion—were provided in a consistent and complete manner for readers, reviewers, and individuals searching databases such as MEDLINE.<sup>2</sup>Our structured abstracts ensure that the reader knows what research questions were asked, what was measured, and what was found. What may be missing See also pp 2<i>g</i>-2<i>I</i>and 68-76. however, is the broader context for why the question was asked in the first place. While the context is evident to
Immunologic Properties of Biosynthetic Human Insulin in Vitro
Authors: W Beischer, V Maier, E M Jonatha, D Hartweg, G Kratzsch
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

Some immunologic properties of biosynthetic human insulin (BHI) were examined in vitro. An identical behavior was found for BHI and pancreatic human insulin as standard preparation and for A14-mono-labeled BHI and pork insulin as tracer in the insulin radioimmunoassay. BHI proved to be free of human proinsulin and C-peptide. Insulin antibodies in serum of two diabetic patients showed a preferential binding of 125I-bovine insulin. However, the antibody titers were almost identical for A14-mono-labeled BHI and pork insulin. These studies did not reveal any characteristic immunologic properties of BHI compared with highly purified pancreatic human and pork insulin.
Notch Activation of Jagged1 Contributes to the Assembly of the Arterial Wall
Authors: Lauren J. Manderfield, Frances A. High, Kurt A. Engleka, Feiyan Liu, Li Li, Stacey Rentschler, Jonathan A. Epstein
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Notch signaling in vascular smooth muscle precursors is required for smooth muscle differentiation. Jagged1 expression on endothelium activates Notch in vascular smooth muscle precursors including those of neural crest origin to initiate the formation of a smooth muscle layer in a maturing blood vessel. Methods and Results— Here, we show that Jagged1 is a direct Notch target in smooth muscle, resulting in a positive feedback loop and lateral induction that propagates a wave of smooth muscle differentiation during aortic arch artery development. In vivo, we show that Notch inhibition in cardiac neural crest impairs Jagged1 messenger RNA expression and results in deficient smooth muscle differentiation and resultant aortic arch artery defects. Ex vivo, Jagged1 ligand activates Notch in neural crest explants and results in activation of Jagged1 messenger RNA, a response that is blocked by Notch inhibition. We examine 15 evolutionary conserved regions within the Jagged1 genomic locus and identify a single Notch response element within the second intron. This element contains a functional Rbp-J binding site demonstrated by luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and is sufficient to recapitulate aortic arch artery expression of Jagged1 in transgenic mice. Loss of Jagged1 in neural crest impairs vascular smooth muscle differentiation and results in aortic arch artery defects. Conclusions— Taken together, these results provide a mechanism for lateral induction that allows for a multilayered smooth muscle wall to form around a nascent arterial endothelial tube and identify Jagged1 as a direct Notch target.
THE PREVALENCE OF ACNE VULGARIS IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors: J. L. BURTON, W. J. CUNLIFFE, ILVA STAFFORD, SAM SHUSTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article THE PREVALENCE OF ACNE VULGARIS IN ADOLESCENCE Get access J. L. BURTON, J. L. BURTON University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. J. CUNLIFFE, W. J. CUNLIFFE University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ILVA STAFFORD, ILVA STAFFORD University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SAM SHUSTER SAM SHUSTER University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 85, Issue 2, 1 August 1971, Pages 119–126, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb07195.x Published: 01 August 1971 Article history Accepted: 17 March 1971 Published: 01 August 1971
The role of clearance and dissolution in determining the durability or biopersistence of mineral fibers.
Authors: J M Davis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

It is generally accepted that to cause pulmonary disease, mineral fibers must be relatively long and thin but also able to remain in the lung for long periods. This "biopersistence" of fibers is limited by two main mechanisms of fiber clearance: removal by macrophages after phagocytosis and, for some fibers, by actual dissolution. The relative importance of these mechanisms has not been properly evaluated for any type of fiber and will certainly vary with mineral type. The efficiency of macrophage clearance is greatest with short fibers (< 5 microns long) and is reduced as fibers get longer. Fibers > 50 microns long cannot be cleared by macrophages and for some mineral types they may remain in the lung permanently. Others may fracture into shorter lengths, perhaps aided by chemical dissolution, and thus become susceptible to macrophage clearance. However, for a number of areas relating to fiber removal from the lung parenchyma detailed information is still needed: Do dusts differ in their ability to attract macrophages and stimulate these cells to phagocytosis? Following dust uptake what controls the movement of macrophages? Some may penetrate to the interstitium, some phagocytosing fibers in interstitial sites may migrate back to the alveolar space. Some move to the mucociliary escalator and some to the lymphatics. Some, most importantly, move to the pleura. Fibers are found and phagocytosed in the interstitium during the early stages of disease development, but with time many fibers appear isolated in areas of fibrous tissue. Are such fibers subsequently ignored or can they reenter the disease process after years of isolation? Finally, can phagocytosis by macrophages effect dissolution of fibers?(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
AIDS IN THE USE OF DAKIN-CARREL TREATMENT
Authors: Max Bornstein
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>A GLASS AUTOMATIC SIPHON, FOR DELIVERING A DEFINITE AMOUNT OF FLUID TO THE WOUND AT A DEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME</h3> This apparatus<sup>1</sup>is blown entirely of glass and fused into one compact piece. It is clean, handy and dependable. It can be made in different sizes, depending on the quantity of flushing required. The periodicity of flushing is regulated by a Hoffman pinch-cock on the tubing between the solution tank and the apparatus. Two bells (<i>A</i>and<i>B</i>) annealed one to the other are connected by a siphon tube (<i>C</i>). A drip point is annealed into the upper end of the upper chamber. Both chambers have air vents. The apparatus works as follows: Solution from an irrigating bottle or bag is allowed to pass a pinch-cock at a fixed rate. It accumulates in the upper chamber until it reaches the highest point of the siphon, when it suddenly is
Lung Involvement in Diabetes
Authors: Connie C.W. Hsia, Philip Raskin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

Dyspnea upon exertion in a diabetic patient readily arouses suspicion of cardiovascular disease and/or physical deconditioning. As reviewed in our previous publications (1), a solid body of literature in the 1980s and 1990s established the occurrence of ventilatory restriction in type 1 diabetes; however, diabetic lung involvement did not gain wide recognition among internists until two recent developments helped change that perception. The first development is the cumulative data that demonstrate a pattern of modest lung restriction in type 2 diabetes qualitatively similar to that in type 1 diabetes, with proportional decreases in forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory flow in 1 s (FEV1) that are directly related to glycemia (2–5) and a corresponding reduction in lung diffusing capacity (DLCO) (6,7), the primary noninvasive measure of alveolar gas exchange capacity. As the prevalence of type 2 diabetes approaches epidemic proportions and pulmonary function emerges as an independent predictor of incident diabetes (8), pathophysiology of lung involvement also assumes greater relevance. The second development was the finding that chronic use of inhaled insulin could potentially trigger or exacerbate pulmonary dysfunction. Though shown to be efficacious and well tolerated, inhaled insulin has also been reported to cause a small early drop in spirometry and DLCO at rest that did not progress during 2 years of follow-up (9). Its effects over longer duration of use and in the presence of primary lung disease, inflammation, or tobacco exposure are not clear. As inhaled insulin products continue to be developed, the spectacular collapse of Exubera notwithstanding, the issue of …
Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Head and neck cancer.
Authors: D M Davies, A Munro, G Walsh-Waring, J Eyre
Journal: BMJ (1985)

CANCERMalignant tumours ofthe head and neck account for 2% ofall cancers ______________________________ (excluding skin tumours).Treatment should aim at eradicating the cancer while, as far as possible, preserving physiological function and an Causal factors 1 acceptable appearance.This is not always possible; some tumours can be C cured only at the cost ofconsiderable morbidity.LeucoSpbkia Patients with head and neck cancer often delay seeking medical advice, e sometimes through fear, sometimes through fecklessness.As prognosis is Age and sex directly related to the stage ofthe disease at initial diagnosis delay should be minumised.In general terms, five years' survival is 70% with localised nCsurette and alcohol disease but only 30% when disease has spread to the lymph nodes.Any m lesion in the mouth that persists for three weeks without a tissue diagnosis Chronic trauma should be biopsied.Hoarseness lasting longer than three weeks should be s referred for specialist opinion.BvIei nut CI'd 1M | Most head and neck tumours can be seen on careful clinical examination Chronic sepsis with a head light and mirror.There is a prognostic gradient that correlates with the ease with which a tumour can be visualised.Carcinomas ofthe lip, Actinic damage for example, have a better prognosis than carcinomas ofthe tongue.Tongue Irradiation @ tumours, in turn, have a better prognosis than tumours ofthe hypopharynx.An exception to this is carcinoma ofthe larynx, which has a good prognosis, presumably because even a small tumour will produce noticeable hoarseness.
Bad medicine: polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

About a third of the female population is estimated to have polycystic ovary syndrome, a condition often still called polycystic ovary disease or its scary Teutonic ancestor, Stein-Leventhal syndrome ( BMJ 2009;338:a2968, doi:10.1136/bmj.a2968). It is linked to infertility, is considered a metabolic prediabetic syndrome, and is linked with oestrogenic tumours of the breast and endometrium. The syndrome is widely treated, and drugs such as metformin, rosiglitazone (now recognised to have adverse effects), and simvastatin have been used. It has filled many a column inch and sold millions of magazines by …
SENILE OSTEOPOROSIS OF THE SPINAL COLUMN
Authors: JOHN R. BLACK
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The syndrome of senile osteoporosis as it is understood today is different in some respects from its early description. In the early cases the diagnosis was made on the basis of the clinical findings and was confirmed at necropsy; as a consequence the diagnosis was usually made in the advanced stages and the postmortem examination showed extensive osteoporosis. Today, with improved methods for diagnosis, routine roentgenologic examination may disclose the condition even without clinical signs and symptoms.  Our report is based on a study of 208 patients, 167 women and 41 men. The average age of all when first seen at the Mayo Clinic was 62, the youngest being 45 and the oldest 87. In the cases reported in the literature, somewhat more advanced ages were represented. In 42 selected from various reports the mean age was 66. These figures indicate that senile osteoporosis is definitely associated with the older
Pericarditis after myocardial infarction.
Authors: A P Niarchos
Journal: BMJ (1971)

strains and 11 antibiotics, with the findings of Dr. Stokes's and Professor Mary Barber's departments.In all, the participating labo- ratories reported on 3,386 tests, and only 114 of their results were classified as errors.On this basis, 97 % of their reports were "correct".The clinicians who depend on us for vitally important information may find this figure more reassuring.
Blood and Disaster — Supply and Demand
Authors: Paul J. Schmidt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Almost immediately after the attacks that struck New York City and Washington, D.C., on September 11, 2001, the federal government and the American Red Cross issued an appeal for blood donors. Nationwide, more than 1 million prospective donors responded to the call and almost 500,000 units of blood were collected for the victims. Yet only 258 units were used. Many of the collected units were unusable.
TOTAL BODY CALCIUM BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS IN NORMALS AND IN OSTEOPOROTIC PATIENTS
Authors: S. M. Ott, R. Murano, T. K. Lewellen, W. B. Nelp, C. H. Chesnut
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Ott, S. M.; Murano, R.; Lewellen, T. K.; Nelp, W. B.; Chesnut, C. H. Author Information
Hypercholesterolemic Aortic-Valve Disease
Authors: Nalini M. Rajamannan, William D. Edwards, Thomas C. Spelsberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

To the Editor: We report a case of atherosclerosis in the aortic valve of a seven-year-old boy with familial hypercholesterolemia. This boy, born on August 7, 1949, had familial hypercholesterolemia type IIb and asthma. At birth, he had prominent cutaneous xanthomas along the extensor surfaces of his arms and legs, gluteal folds, and Achilles tendons. His serum lipid levels were as follows: cholesterol, 951 mg per deciliter; cholesterol esters, 666 mg per deciliter; fatty acids, 1032 mg per deciliter; and phospholipids, 600 mg per deciliter. On October 31, 1956, the boy was hospitalized for the evaluation of acute cyanosis and . . .
Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Infancy
Authors: Donell D. Etzwiler
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Doctors Cornblath and Schwartz are both pediatricians with extensive training, experience, and knowledge in clinical pediatrics and research. Their book is divided into five major sections. The first deals with carbohydrate adjustments during pregnancy and in the neonate. Transient problems encountered at delivery and immediately thereafter are described in the second portion. The last three parts deal with hereditary metabolic disorders, hypoglycemic syndromes, and sugar malabsorption syndromes. These problems are reviewed in sufficient depth to satisfy most readers and the text is an excellent reference source for the practicing pediatrician. The extensive list of references accompanying each chapter further enhances the book's value. There is an appropriate number of pictures and graphs to demonstrate important points. The book is well indexed and the appendix contains an extensive list of the carbohydrate content of foods. Diet lists for the various disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, such as glucose free, leucine restricted, etc,
An Adjourned Section Meeting.
Authors: J. V. Shoemaker
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Philadelphia, June 18, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —According to the program of the Atlantic City session of the Association several papers were to be read and discussed in the Section on Materia Medica, Pharmacy and Therapeutics on the morning of Friday, June 10. Among these was one by Dr. McDonnell, New Haven, Conn., entitled "The Action of Drugs on the Skin," the discussion of which I was to open. The author had kindly furnished me in advance a copy of his paper in order that I might have the opportunity of arranging my thoughts. It had also been agreed that I was to be allowed a few minutes for some brief remarks on the x-ray treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Repairing to the appointed place at the appointed time I was surprised to find an announcement on the blackboard that the section had adjourned<i>sine die</i>. A number of other members