tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Expression of Activated 72-Kilodalton Gelatinase and Tumor Spread in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: P. D. Brown, R. E. Bloxidge, N. S. A. Stuart, K. C. Galler, J. Carmichael
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Matrix metalloproteinases, in particular the 92-kd and 72-kd gelatinases, have been implicated in the progression of breast, colorectal, and gastric carcinomas, but involvement of the gelatinases in progression of non-small-cell lung carcinoma has not been documented. Immunohistochemical studies have measured the overall expression of these enzymes in tumor tissue but have failed to determine the proportion of active enzyme to latent proenzyme. Because the conversion of the latent proenzyme to active enzyme results in removal of a 10-kd amino-terminal domain, the expression of each proteinase can be determined by zymography, which separates substances according to molecular weight.The purpose of this study was to examine the expression and activation of 92-kd and 72-kd proenzymes in non-small-cell lung carcinoma.Gelatin zymography was used to study the expression of 92-kd and 72-kd gelatinases in 22 samples of non-small-cell lung carcinoma and adjacent uninvolved tissue. Medium conditioned by human RPMI-7951 melanoma cells was used as a marker for the 72-kd proenzyme, and medium conditioned by concanavalin A-treated human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells was used as a marker for both the 92-kd proenzyme and the 62-kd activated form of the 72-kd proenzyme.Both 92-kd and 72-kd proenzymes were expressed to varying degrees in the samples studied. The 82-kd activated form of the 92-kd proenzyme was detected in eight tumor samples but in none of the matched uninvolved tissues. Expression of the 62-kd activated form of the 72-kd proenzyme ranged from a strong band in the tumor tissue, with little or none detectable in the adjacent uninvolved tissue, to the presence of only trace amounts of enzyme in both tumor and uninvolved tissue. There was, however, a highly significant statistical association between the level of expression of the 62-kd activated enzyme in the tumor tissue and evidence of tumor spread (P = .001).These results demonstrate elevated expression of the activated forms of both the 92-kd and 72-kd proenzymes in non-small-cell lung carcinoma tissue relative to adjacent uninvolved tissue.These results indicate that non-small-cell lung carcinoma should be considered as a possible target for metalloproteinase inhibitory therapy.
Oral contraceptives, thrombosis, and cyclical factors affecting veins.
Authors: R. T. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1966)

BRNALscreening test.Negative plates and those with light or mixed growth can be confidently discarded.A heavy pure growth in all four lines is designated positive, and the result confirmed by our routine method.Identification and sensitivity testing can be performed on the primary growth, and where necessary treatment instituted without awaiting confirmatory results.While proper mid-stream specimens are desirable we suspect that they are not always obtained, and immediate direct plating reduces the growth of contaminants to a minimum.If patients bathe before attending clinic vulval cleansing appears unnecessary.This method has been compared with our semi-quantitative method, which is essentially the same as that of Guttmann and Stokes,2 on 350 antenatal cases and 100 others.No significant discrepancies were found, and the incidence of bacteriuria of pregnancy demonstrated was 6%, correlating well with other series.It is also currently in use in investi- gating asymptomatic bacteriuria of non- pregnant women, and in an investigation in general practice.Inoculated plates can be sent direct to the laboratory for incubation, but urinary pathogens will grow, though more slowly, at room temperature.Plates can therefore be inoculated and kept by the prac- titioner, and only " positives " sent for identification and sensitivity testing.Mac-Conkey plates inhibit the swarming of Proteus species, and at room temperature keep without deterioration for considerable periods, especially in plastic bags.They are readily available from routine stock in all laboratories, and dare one suggest that pre-poured plates might eventually become available through the Ministry for domiciliary use.This is, we believe, a really simple test which should be easily available to all doctors and their patients.-Weare, etc.,
Herpes Zoster in Patients with Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Receiving Combined Modality Treatment
Authors: RONALD FELD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Herpes zoster, a rare complication in patients with solid tumours, was observed in 13 of 161 (8.1%) patients with small-cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung treated in a prospective combined modality therapy trial. Induction therapy consisted of three courses of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine, followed by thoracic radiation. Maintenance chemotherapy with oral lomustine, procarbazine, and methotrexate was given for 1 year. Most herpes zoster cases (11) occurred while patients were on maintenance chemotherapy. Three patients developed nonfatal disseminated herpes zoster and one, postherpetic neuralgia. Herpes zoster may be a relatively frequent complication of prolonged aggressive treatment of small-cell carcinoma of the lung.
Immune cell responses are not required to induce substantial hepatitis B virus antigen decline during pegylated interferon-alpha administration
Authors: Lena Allweiss, Tassilo Volz, Marc Lütgehetmann, Katja Giersch, Till Bornscheuer, Ansgar W. Lohse, Joerg Petersen, Han Ma, Klaus Klumpp, Simon P. Fletcher, Maura Dandri
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
From the Office of the General Counsel. Reports to the National Practitioner Data Bank
Authors: I. D. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatocarcinogenesis is the sequel to hepatitis in Z#2 α1-antitrypsin transgenic mice: Histopathological and DNA ploidy studies
Authors: Stephen A. Geller, W. Stephen Nichols, Sungsook Kim, Tanya Tolmachoff, Stephen Lee, Mark J. Dycaico, Katherine Felts, Joseph A. Sorge
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Z mutant-associated alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency in human beings leads to hepatitis and, in some cases, hepatocellular carcinoma. To begin to delineate the molecular basis for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, we previously developed transgenic mice using human alpha 1-antitrypsin M and Z genomic clones. High-copy Z lineage mice (12 gene copies/haploid mouse genome; "Z#2") had hepatocytes distended with human alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency globules. Hepatitis was present, and the morphological changes mimicked those observed in human alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency-related liver disease. The numbers of hepatocytes containing alpha 1-antitrypsin globules decreased with age, and alpha 1-antitrypsin-negative nodular aggregates of hepatocytes increased in number and size. Hepatocytic dysplasia occurred as early as 6 wk and was almost universally present at 1 yr. Nodules of dysplastic cells demonstrating aneuploidy were seen as early as 10 wks. These became persistent, proliferative lesions. Dysplasia and aneuploidy distinctly increased with time and advancing microscopic stage as lesions progressed to malignancy. Tumors were seen after 1 yr as adenomas, which are aneuploid and most likely well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, and borderline malignant lesions; and, in 82% of Z#2 mice 16 to 20 mo old, as invasive hepatocellular carcinoma. These observations suggest but do not conclusively prove that hepatocellular carcinoma in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and other hepatic disorders arises as a result of a common, endogenously stimulated pathway for hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
Plasma lipoproteins in familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: lipid composition and reactivity in vitro
Authors: John A. Glomset, Kaare R. Norum, Weiling King
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Plasma lipoproteins from patients with familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency have been fractioned by preparative ultra-centrifugation and gel filtration and their lipid content and reactivity studied. All of the lipoproteins are abnormal with respect to lipid concentration or relative lipid content. The low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) appear to react normally with partially purified LCAT from normal plasma. Also, the lipids of the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and LDL, like those of the corresponding lipoproteins of normal plasma, are indirectly altered by the action of LCAT on normal HDL. Thus, during incubation in vitro VLDL cholesteryl ester is increased and VLDL triglyceride is decreased, as described by others for VLDL from hyperlipemic plasma, and both the unesterified cholesterol and lecithin of the VLDL and LDL are decreased. The patients' VLDL and LDL are abnormal, however, in that they lose unesterified cholesterol and lecithin to normal HDL in the absence of LCAT. Also, the patients' HDL lose these lipids to erythrocyte membranes in the absence of the enzyme. Our results provide further evidence that the abnormal cholesterol and phospholipid composition of the patients' lipoproteins is caused by the LCAT deficiency. They support the postulate that an excess of unesterified cholesterol and lecithin develops as VLDL are converted to LDL and HDL and suggest that in the absence of LCAT this excess lipid distributes among plasma lipoproteins and plasma membranes. They further suggest that LCAT normally reduces this excess lipid through a combination of direct and indirect effects.
SERIAL MEASUREMENT OF UNBOUND FREE FATTY ACIDS ADDS TO HIGHLY SENSITIVE TROPONIN I IN THE DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF CHEST PAIN
Authors: Anju Bhardwaj, Quynh A. Truong, Alan Storrow, W Frank Peacock, Hong K. Lee, Kiang-Teck J. Yeo, Kevin M. Curtis, Robert S. Foote, Stephen Thomas, Karen F. Miller, James L. Januzzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Evaluating policy and service interventions: framework to guide selection and interpretation of study end points
Authors: R. J. Lilford, P. J. Chilton, K. Hemming, A. J. Girling, C. A. Taylor, P. Barach
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The effect of many cost effective policy and service interventions cannot be detected at the level of the patient. This new framework could help improve the design (especially choice of primary end point) and interpretation of evaluative studies
Issues in neo- and paleoneurology of language
Authors: Harry J. Jerison
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Wilkins and Wakefield's hypothesis that language is fundamentally a cognitive rather than cominunicational adaptation is reasonable, but there are flaws in their anatomical and fossil evidence. Their analysis of reorganization also needs clarification. Finally, the origin of language ability must have occurred with australopithecine rather than habiline adaptations on entry into the novel hominid adaptive zone.
Colonic explosions, chimpanzees' rear ends, and a source of green hair: this year's Ig Nobels
Authors: E. Loder
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Staring at women on campus will never again be regarded as a pointless exercise, after a team of researchers from California picked up the physics prize at the annual Ig Nobel awards on 20 September for doing exactly that.

Accepting the prize on behalf of the group of investigators Joseph Keller confided that his interest in the “balance of forces that shape and move hair in a human ponytail” was sparked by close scrutiny of women on the Stanford University campus. Their ponytails swung from side to side even when their heads were moving up and down. The prizewinning result of his curiosity was the ponytail shape equation.

The sellout crowd at the 22nd awards ceremony in Boston roared with laughter as winners of the acoustics prize …
HEMOLYSINS OF VEGETABLE ORIGIN
Authors: I. L. Kritchevsky
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

1. The sap of Cotyledon scheideckeri possesses hemolysins for the red corpuscles of different animals. 2. The hemolysins of vegetable sap can be bound by erythrocytes and cannot be separated. 3. A definite quantity of erythrocytes is able to extract from the sap only a part of the hemolysins it contains. 4. The quantity of hemolysins in the sap of different plants is subjected to the same fluctuations as that of bacterial agglutinins, precipitins, and hemagglutinins. 5. As the hemolysins are bound by erythrocytes, the hemolysis can take place not only at 37 degrees but also at 15-16 degrees . 6. The thermostability of the hemolysins varies from one individual plant to another. 7. In many cases the vegetable sap loses its hemolytic properties at a certain temperature and recovers them at a higher one. 8. The vegetable sap is unable to produce complete hemolysis of erythrocytes. 9. But the sap of many plants acquires the power to dissolve red corpuscles completely after I hour of heating at 134 degrees and 144 degrees . 10. Erythrocytes modified by Cotyledon sap cannot be dissolved completely even by distilled water. 11. The agglutination of the erythrocytes and their hemolysis are conditioned, probably, by different substances. 12. The hemolytic amboceptor and the hemolysin of Cotyledon scheideckeri can be bound with the same receptor of the erythrocytes.
Of mice, men and cholesterol
Authors: Paul R. Aftring, Mason W. Freeman
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

We employed homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells to produce mice lacking functional LDL receptor genes. Homozygous male and female mice lacking LDL receptors (LDLR −/− mice) were viable and fertile. Total plasma cholesterol levels were twofold higher than those of wild-type littermates, owing to a seven- to ninefold increase in intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) and LDL without a significant change in HDL. Plasma triglyceride levels were normal. The half-lives for intravenously administered 125 I-VLDL and 125 I-LDL were prolonged by 30-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively, but the clearance of 125 I-HDL was normal in the LDLR −/− mice. Unlike wild-type mice, LDLR −/− mice responded to moderate amounts of dietary cholesterol (0.2% cholesterol/10% coconut oil) with a major increase in the cholesterol content of IDL and LDL particles. The elevated IDL/LDL level of LDLR −/− mice was reduced to normal 4 d after the intravenous injection of a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus encoding the human LDL receptor driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter. The virus restored expression of LDL receptor protein in the liver and increased the clearance of 125 I-VLDL. We conclude that the LDL receptor is responsible in part for the low levels of VLDL, IDL, and LDL in wild-type mice and that adenovirus-encoded LDL receptors can acutely reverse the hypercholesterolemic effects of LDL receptor deficiency.
AB0358 Impact of Morning Stiffness Duration in Rheumatoid Arthritis Activity's Evaluation/Study Data QUEST-RA Morocco
Authors: S. Fanta, R. Samira, B. Rachid, A. Samir, H.-H. Najia
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the impact of morning stiffness duration reported by the patient on the evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis activity. <h3>Methods</h3> A multi- national cross-sectional study that included 1129 patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the 1987 ACR criteria. The Quest-RA (Quantitative Standard monitoring of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis)" Morocco study was inspired from the Finnish study, including public and private rheumatologists over a period from January 2008 to December 2010. A pre- questionnaire with Socio- demographic, clinical and paraclinical was completed by all patients. The duration of the Morning Stiffness (MS) was evaluated from the time of awakening patients until the maximum improvement in pain. Four groups were established according to the disease activity (DAS28 values in and MS). We conducted correlation analysis to establish the relationship between MS and disease activity based on DAS28. Linear regression analysis was used to identify the determinants of this relationship. The ROC curve was used to differentiate between active and inactive forms in the MS and the DAS28. <h3>Results</h3> The average age of our patients was 48.82±12.72 years with a female predominance (87.3%). The median disease duration was 6 years (3-12). The mean DAS28 was 4.93±1.68, the length of the MS averaged 29.95±19.16 min. A significant correlation was noted between the DAS28 (r =0.318) VAS tired (r =0.343) overall VAS (r =0.315) ESR (r =0.144) and the duration of the MS (all p&lt;0.05). More than half of our patients were severe activity DAS28 (54%). Among this group, 71.5% had a sup MS 30 minutes (16 - 59min). The duration of MS in patients with severe activity was different from subjects in the other groups (p&lt;0.0001). In univariate and multivariate analysis and adjusting for confounding factors, the DAS28 increased 8.6 10-2 when the duration of the MS increases a minute. The Roc curve is a threshold value of 16.50 with Specificity =0.57 and Sensibility =0.77. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study suggests that the MS reported by patients influences the disease activity assessed by the DAS28. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5567
A Paper on the SIGNIFICANCE OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS OF THE LOW-VOLTAGE VARIETY
Authors: M. A. Cassidy, H. B. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1932)

Of recent years there has been a good deal of controversy on the significance of the low-voltage electrocardiogram.Some au'thorities consider that -such tracings indicate Changes in the heart muscle, whilst others deny that their occurrence is of any special significance. REVIEW OF THE LITERATUREThe literature on the subject is not' large.Almost wxithout exception, tracings showing low-voltage changes in all three leads have alone been considered.Sprague and White1 analysed fifty-seven cases, all curves having an excursion of not more than 5 mm.either side of the base-linle.They found that the arteriosclerotic group was the commonest (thirty-four cases), ten -of these -having definite occlusion of the, coronary arteries.Ten cases belonged to the hypothyroid group.The remaining thirteen included three cases in which syphilitic infection had been a' marked feature.Finally, it was definitely stated that lo-w-voltage curves were not found with normal hearts.Willius and Killins2 examined a large number of electrocardiograms, taking the same standard as above.They found low-voltage curves occurring in only 0.3 per-cent. of all cases, but those showing associated graphic changes wvere excluded.Of the 140 cases ultimately studied, 32 per cent.had cardiac disease as the predominant feature.Of the remaining 68 per cent., the largest number occurred in' patients with either diabetes or chronic nephritis.Burnett and Piltz3 comment on the acceptance of a 5-mm.deflection as a standard for low-voltage curves, and suggest that excursions of a somewhat greater amplittide should be included in this category.They con- sider a number of cases that show deflections up to 8 mm., stating, however, that the smaller the excursion the greater its significance, especially in leads I and II.They conclude that the occurrence of low-voltage curves, even in the absence of demonstrable cardiac changes, may be considered as extremely suggestive of cardiac disease.Speckman and Rich4 record a study of fifty cases, forty-nine of which showed clinical evidence of heart disease.The standard adopted was that the total deflec- tion of the QRS complex did not exceed 5 mm. in any of the three leads.They state that the occurrence of such low-voltage changes is of serious prognostic import.Arteriosclerosis, with or Without hypertension, was the chief aetiological fa1ctor.The total deaths recorded were thirty-six.Thirty-two of these patients died within six months of the time the first electrocardiogram showing low- voltage changes had been taken.Post-mortem examina- tions were performed on fourteen of the cases ; ten of these showed some degree of sclerosis in the coronary arteries.On microscopical examination an abnormal myocardium was discovered in every case, some degree of fibrosis being the most usual finding.CRITERIA
89. Gene Targeting of β_Globin IVS2 Using Sequence_Specific Peptide Nucleic Acids
Authors: Jean Y. Kuan, Ryszard Kole, Peter E. Nielsen, Peter M. Glazer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Top of pageAbstract
Many of the mutations that lead to the blood disease |[beta]|-thalassemia are the result of single base mutations that result in a decrease or lack of |[beta]|-globin protein. The reversion of these mutations back to the wild-type sequence in genomic DNA would result in permanent restoration of globin protein expression. One mutation, G>A change which occurs at the first nucleotide of intron 2 in the |[beta]|-globin gene (designated IVS2-1 G>A), destroys the 5' donor splice site at the end of exon 2 and abolishes correct splicing of pre-mRNA. Because triplex formation via peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) has been shown to provoke repair and recombination upon binding to duplex DNA, it is believed that PNA binding can be utilized to stimulate gene conversion events. Several potential PNA target sites have been identified near the IVS2-1 G>A mutation including a polypurine run beginning 24 nt downstream from IVS2-1, a binding site which we have designated IVS2-24. Using a reporter system consisting of GFP interrupted by |[beta]|-globin IVS2, we have demonstrated restoration of reporter gene expression when cell lines containing the inactivating mutation were treated with PNAs and short donor molecules comprised of the wild-type sequence. Reporter gene expression has been confirmed by both FACS and fluorescence microscopy and was observed over a 6 week time period after a single treatment. This demonstrates a potentially powerful tool in the gene-targeting of diseases caused by single base mutations.