tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of exercise on symptoms, cognitive and motor performance tasks using the sport concussion assessment tool (SCAT2) in healthy young adults and children
Authors: Nour Boutros, Mary Catherine Norcia, Jamila Sammouda, Chi-Lan Tran, Isabelle Pearson, Isabelle Gagnon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objective To document the effect of high intensity exercise on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2) scores in healthy young adults and children. Design Repeated measures design. Setting McGill University Athletics Department (adults) and Elementary School in the Montreal area (children). Participants Seventy six healthy young adults (45 women and 31 men, mean age 22.5±1.9 years) and 13 children (6 girls and 7 boys, mean age 10.7±0.4 years) participated in this study. Intervention Participants performed the Léger Test, a maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run test, to their perceived volitional exhaustion. Main Outcome Measurements The SCAT2 was used to evaluate participants at rest, 2 min and 25 min post-exercise. Results In adults, total SCAT2 scores were significantly decreased immediately after high intensity exercise (p&lt;0.001) and returned to baseline after the allocated rest period (p=0.350). Individual components of the SCAT2 also reflected this for symptom severity (p&lt;0.001), and total balance score (p&lt;0.001). High intensity exercise had no effect on delayed recall memory (p=0.242). Children in our small sample revealed a tendency for a similar impact of high intensity exercise on SCAT2 scores although statistical significance was not reached. Conclusions High intensity exercise, such as that achieved during a sporting event, has an impact on aspects of functioning assessed by the SCAT2. Clinical Relevance In order to eliminate the effects of exercise when testing individuals on the field immediately post-injury, professionals should allow for proper rest before using the SCAT2. Acknowledgements Participants and their families, Gardenview Elementary School for allowing testing within their institutions, Fonds de recherche du Québec-Santé, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy McGill University. Competing interests None.
Local allergic reaction in food-hypersensitive adults despite a lack of systemic food-specific IgE
Authors: Xiao Ping Lin, Jenny Magnusson, Staffan Ahlstedt, Anna Dahlman-Höglund, Lars Å. Hanson, Olle Magnusson, Ulf Bengtsson, Esbjörn Telemo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Infants in institutions; a comparison of their development with family-reared infants during the first year of life.
Authors: Nahman H. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<i>Infants in Institutions</i>is a major contribution to our understanding of early childhood and is a moving documentation of the adverse influences of maternal deprivation, prolonged institutional care, and relative isolation upon early development. The study by Provence and Lipton reports in rich detail an institutional setting and, as measured by standardized baby tests and clinical evaluations, the development of the infants residing there. These observations are accompanied by the authors' stimulating impressions of the pathological influences these environmental conditions have had upon the infants' emotional and physical development, particularly their motor behavior and relationships to people and inanimate objects and themselves. This research deals with fundamental processes of ego development, autonomous ego functions, fixations, impairments in early object attachments and their later effects. This book is "must" reading for those who accept institutional-rearing with a complacent attitude insensitive to the deleterious effects upon psychological development. It also will be
LOW VISCERAL TONE
Authors: D. W. Carmalt-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1932)

TEDBITJIORALBritish Pharmacopoeia, and are in daily use: one merely needs to adhere to the correct dosage and method of administration.ROUTINE PROCEDURE My own practice, gradually formulated with increased experience, is to have the child's urine examined.If this is clear, and clinical examination is satisfactory, the child is weighed naked.To render the procedure as simple as possible the weight in pounds is multiplied by four, which gives the required dose of thallium acetate in milligrams.This method appears to me simpler and safer than the usual practice of weighing in kilograms and varying the dose per kilogram as between eight and nine milligrams of thallium acetate.The following points should also be observed:1.If the dose is under 200 mg., treatment proceeds as in the case of ordinary out-patients.2. If the dose is between 200 and 250 mg., the over-cautious may treat the case in bed, but it is satisfactory to proceed as with cases of Group 1, as long as the child is kept under observation.3. Between 250 and 300 mg.great caution is exercised, and the case is treated in bed.4. More than 300 mg. is never administered.The average age of a child requiring 200 mg. is 7 years 250 mg., 9 years; 300 mg., 12 years.It will be seen that there is little danger in treating children up to the age of 9 years.
Case of Calculus in the Urethra for a Long Period: With Remarks
Authors: H. Walton
Journal: BMJ (1862)

A GENTLE3rAN of extensive literary fame had for some vears a variety of nmaladies of the gouty order, among which were irritation of the bladder, anid two regular attacks of inflammation of that organ; but withal he was a renmarkable specimen of a hale, stout old man.In August 1856, being then seventy-seven years of age, in consequence of much urethral pain and some difficulty in passing urine, he pointed out with great reluctance a hard swelling in the course of the urethra, behind the scrotum, to his usual physician, wlho called me to con- sult on the case.Behind the scrotum, and enieroaching on it, was a round symmetrical tumour, intensely hard, inelastic, not painful under touch, and over which the skin was healthy.According to the patient's account, lhe discovered some tumefaction after an attack of gonorrhaea, when a young man; and the growth of the tumour had been very gradual.Until the present occasion, he could not say that it had ever troubled him.He would allow no examination to be made, except with the finger, as for
Elimination of Adult-Born Neurons in the Olfactory Bulb Is Promoted during the Postprandial Period
Authors: Takeshi K. Yokoyama, Daisuke Mochimaru, Koshi Murata, Hiroyuki Manabe, Ko Kobayakawa, Reiko Kobayakawa, Hitoshi Sakano, Kensaku Mori, Masahiro Yamaguchi
Journal: Neuron (2011)
Trends in Deliveries, Prenatal Care, and Obstetrical Complications in Women With Pregestational Diabetes
Authors: Denice S. Feig, Asma Razzaq, Kathy Sykora, Jan E. Hux, Geoff M. Anderson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—To describe recent trends in the proportion of deliveries in women with pregestational diabetes (PGD), their use of services, and diabetes-related obstetrical complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In this population-based retrospective cohort study, comprehensive administrative data were used to identify all women (with and without PGD) who gave birth in an Ontario, Canada, hospital from 1996 to 2001. Data on maternal complications and interventions were obtained from hospital discharge records; data on use of prenatal services were obtained from fee-for-service claims. RESULTS—The proportion of deliveries in women with PGD increased steadily from 0.8% in 1996 to 1.2% in 2001 (P &amp;lt; 0.001). In 2001, women with PGD were more likely to be diagnosed with shoulder dystocia (adjusted odds ratio 2.00 [95% CI 1.55–2.58]), hypertension (4.13 [3.44–4.96]), and preeclampsia/eclampsia (4.44 [3.43–5.73]) and have higher rates of inductions (1.69 [1.52–1.88]) and caesarean sections (1.78 [1.60–1.98]) than women without PGD. In 2001, 50% of the women with PGD had a visit to a diabetes specialist during pregnancy and only 30% of women had claims for a prenatal retinal examination. Both of these rates have decreased over the study period. CONCLUSIONS—Women with PGD now account for a larger proportion of deliveries. These women continue to have higher obstetrical complication and intervention rates than women without PGD and many do not receive recommended specialty care during pregnancy.
Electrophysiological properties of cultured dog myocytes obtained by endomyocardial biopsy.
Authors: S Sakai, T Tokimasa, M Nohara, Y Koga, T Akasu, H Toshima
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Right ventricular cardiac tissue (10-20 mg wet weight) was obtained from anesthetized adult dogs by endomyocardial biopsy. The biopsy could be repeated in one dog every 2 weeks for up to 3 months. Fifty to 200 cardiomyocytes, dispersed with collagenase and trypsin, were collected by centrifugation of the cells with 50% polysucrose-sodium diatrizoate solution (Ficoll-Paque). Single cardiomyocytes were suspended in a minimum essential medium containing 20% fetal bovine serum and 8-bromoadenosine 3': 5'-cyclic monophosphate (0.1 mM) for up to 3 weeks. Approximately 70-80% of the cultured cardiomyocytes were rod shaped after 24 hours (10-20% after 7 days). Cytoplasmic organelles of the cultured cells, examined with a transmission electron microscope, were within the normal range of canine heart morphology in vivo. Resting membrane potential of the cells was about -80 mV when superfused with a Krebs' solution containing 4.7 mM potassium ions. The action potential lasted for 300 msec and had a peak amplitude of about 120 mV. Voltage-clamp experiments demonstrated the presence of an inward calcium current (congruent to 0.9 nA at +9 mV), which was facilitated by isoproterenol (0.1-1 microMs). The background potassium current showed typical inward rectification at potentials more negative than -80 mV. The results indicate that morphological, electrophysiological, and pharmacological properties of the cultured cardiomyocytes were intact. We propose that the culture techniques we have developed can be useful for repeated investigation on functional aspects of cardiac muscles in myocardial disease.
Price and Utilization: Why We Must Target Both to Curb Health Care Costs
Authors: Topher Spiro, Emily Oshima Lee, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

The United States spends nearly $8000 per person on health care annually. Even for a wealthy country, this amount is substantially more than would be expected and 2.5 times the average spent by other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. The growth rate of health care spending in the United States has also far outpaced that in all other high-income OECD countries since 1970, even accounting for population growth. This increase in health spending threatens to squeeze out critical investments in education and infrastructure. To successfully develop and implement policies that effectively address both the level and growth of U.S. health care costs, it is critical to first understand cost drivers. Many health policy and economics scholars have contributed to an ongoing debate on whether to blame high prices or high utilization of services for escalating health care spending in the United States. This paper argues that price and volume both contribute to high and increasing health care costs, along with high administrative costs, supply issues, and the fee-for-service payment system. Initial strategies to contain costs might include implementation and expansion of bundled payment systems and competitive bidding.
Liver disease and ammonia intoxication
Authors: K. S. Warren, S. Schenker
Journal: Gut (1963)

The relation between ammonia intoxication and liver disease is not clear. Ammonia appears to be relatively non-toxic to normal individuals, whereas some patients with liver disease appear to be exquisitely sensitive to dietary protein, ammonia-releasing substances, and ammonium salts. In an attempt to elucidate this relationship the intravenous LD(50) of ammonium chloride was determined in both normal mice and in those with liver disease produced by a variety of means. Parenchymal damage was created by acute and chronic carbon tetrachloride intoxication, a low-protein, lipotrope-deficient diet, and mouse hepatitis virus. Mice in which the portal vein had been partially ligated and those infected with Schistosoma mansoni developed portal-systemic collateral circulation. Groups of these mice were placed on high-protein diets and ammonia drinking water for periods as long as two months. A combination of both parenchymal damage and collateral circulation was induced in mice either by bile duct ligation or by a combination of schistosomiasis and acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication. When the above groups of mice with liver disease were compared with normal control mice in the same weight range, the LD(50) of ammonium chloride showed no striking change.
Arthropathic pityriasis rubra pilaris
Authors: P. Fiallo, A.-G. Tagliapietra, G. Santoro
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Arthropathic pityriasis rubra pilaris Get access P. Fiallo, P. Fiallo Service of Cutaneous Immunopathology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.‐G. Tagliapietra, A.‐G. Tagliapietra Division of Dermatology, Savona, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Santoro G. Santoro Dermatology Service, Alassio, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 6, 1 June 1996, Pages 1154–1155, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07968.x Published: 01 June 1996
Protecting the Nation's Health: The Problems of Regulation
Authors: Alvin M. Cotlar
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<i>Protecting the Nation's Health</i>is a review of those activities of government that regulate this country's environmental health status. The Food and Drug Administration and Environmental Protective Agency lead the list of regulating bodies, which also include the Atomic Energy Commission, the Consumer Protection Safety Commission, and certain branches of the Agriculture and Commerce Departments. The historical development of these agencies by legislative enactment is outlined in the early chapters of the book. The book then attempts to describe procedure and philosophy in regulation in an effort to explain those factors that ultimately determine how far the regulatory agency can and should go. The book explains the growing reluctance of the public to accept governmental decisions without question. It is generally attributed to scrutiny by the scientific community of research data, editorial reporting by the news media, and general credibility gaps within the government itself. An epilogue offers a critique
Defensive Medicine: A Form of "Varmint" Control?
Authors: E. Rodney Hornbake
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 October 1991Defensive Medicine: A Form of "Varmint" Control?E. Rodney Hornbake, MDE. Rodney Hornbake, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-7-580 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: The recent article by Welch (1) is an important contribution to the issue of physician participation in cost-containment efforts. His second recommendation, the abandonment of clinical strategies that are designed primarily to avoid lawsuits, reminds me of an incident from my practice.A patient was dying of colon cancer. The hospice nurse and I made a home visit to do a paracentesis and to adjust the dose of analgesics. After the visit, the patient's wife and son and I were standing outside in the yard. Their neat cottage was tucked into the edge of the woods adjacent...Reference1. Welch H. Should the health care forest be selectively thinned by physicians or clear cut by payers? Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:223-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: E. Rodney Hornbake, MDAffiliations: 532 Webb Boulevard Havelock, NC 28532 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1991Volume 115, Issue 7Page: 580-580KeywordsAnalgesicsColorectal cancerNurses ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Immunogenetic studies of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis: HLA, immunoglobulin allotypes and autoantibodies
Authors: Edward L. Krawitt, Alan E. Kilby, Richard J. Albertini, Moses S. Schanfield, Bettejayne F. Chastenay, Phillip C. Harper, Ruth M. Mickey, Timothy L. McAuliffe
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

The strategy of assigning a surrogate phenotype, defined as the presence of antinuclear and/or antismooth muscle antibodies to disease-free first degree relatives of index cases was used to search for a postulated disease susceptibility gene in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. In addition to determining circulating autoantibody status, 10 patients, 51 first-degree relatives and 6 spouses of index chronic active hepatitis patients, each ascertained by the single patient, were genotyped for HLA (A, B and DR loci) and immunoglobulin allotype (G1m, G2m, G3m and A2m loci) haplotypes. Among the 10 chronic active hepatitis patients, 6 had HLA haplotypes B8 and DR3, and 3 of these patients had, in addition, the immunoglobulin allotype haplotype Gm a,x;g. Circulating autoantibodies defining the surrogate phenotype was found in 39% of the first-degree relatives. However, segregation analysis offered no support for either single autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance for the autoantibody-positive phenotype. Linkage between the postulated disease susceptibility locus and either the HLA (Chromosome 6) or immunoglobulin (Chromosome 14) locus was excluded by several analyses. Furthermore, logistic regression indicated that neither immunogenetic marker was statistically associated with autoantibody positively in these families. Therefore, despite the occurrence of autoantibody positivity in first-degree relatives of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis patients, we found no evidence that this trait has a simple genetic basis, or that it is an alternative manifestation of a postulated disease susceptibility gene for chronic active hepatitis.
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?-Reply
Authors: Horace M. Starkey
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor</h3> :—The publication ofThe Journalis preeminently a business enterprise. If the place of publication is to be changed, good and sufficient reason must be shown for such change; no argument being necessary to maintain a location when it has prospered. No argument has been brought forward which a business man would consider for a moment as a reason for changing his place of business. Therefore, do not change.
US drug companies paid $15bn fines for criminal and civil violations over the past five years
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Illegal marketing activities by drug companies have risen over the past five years, leading to major penalties when companies forced to settle with the federal and state governments, says Public Citizen, an independent US watchdog organisation. It has called the drug industry “the biggest defrauder of the federal government.”

Although reports of drug companies’ misdeeds have been reported before, Public Citizen’s new report summarises the situation.

Industry spokespeople said that the problems were behind them and that the industry had put stricter guidelines in place.

Sidney Wolfe, director of Public Citizen’s health research group, told the BMJ that in the past five years the drug industry moved ahead of the defence industry and all other industry sectors in the amount of civil penalties for fraud under the False Claims Act against the federal government. The report said that of 165 drug company settlements comprising $19.8bn (£12.8bn; €15bn) in penalties over the past 20 years, 73% …
To Have Been or Not to Have Been
Authors: Maurice B. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I enjoyed the editorial on medical writing.<i>My</i>hypothesis is that the author had his tongue in check when he used<i>hypothecate</i>in place of hypothesize. Please tell<i>me</i>if<i>I</i>am wrong.
Antineuronal antibodies in idiopathic achalasia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Authors: P L Moses
Journal: Gut (2003)

The precise aetiology of achalasia is unknown although autoimmunity has been implicated and is supported by several studies. We screened sera from patients with achalasia or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) to test for circulating antimyenteric neuronal antibodies.Serum was obtained from 45 individuals with achalasia, 16 with GORD, and 22 normal controls. Serum was used in immunohistochemistry to label whole mount preparations of ileum and oesophagus of the guinea pig and mouse. Also, sections of superior cervical and dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord were examined.Positive immunostaining of the myenteric plexus was detected in significantly more achalasia and GORD samples than control samples (achalasia, p<0.001; GORD, p<0.01), and immunoreactivity was significantly more intense with achalasia and GORD serum samples than controls (achalasia, p<0.01; GORD, p<0.05). There was no correlation between intensity of immunoreactivity and duration of achalasia symptoms. In most cases, achalasia and GORD sera stained all ileal submucosal and myenteric neurones, and oesophageal neurones. Immunostaining was not species specific; however, immunostaining was largely specific for enteric neurones. Western blot analysis failed to reveal specific myenteric neuronal proteins that were labelled by antibodies in achalasia or GORD serum.These data suggest that antineuronal antibodies are generated in response to tissue damage or some other secondary phenomenon in achalasia and GORD. We conclude that antineuronal antibodies found in the serum of patients with achalasia represent an epiphenomenon and not a causative factor.
GW25-e1610 The Effect of Berbamine on Acetylcholine-Induced Atrial Fibrillation in Rabbit
Authors: Zhou Zhiwen, Hongchao Zheng, Jingying Jia, Shen Yu, Peizhi Miao, Lifang Zhao, Jianming Zhou, Zhiwen Zhou
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A simple method for correcting single breath total lung capacity for underestimation.
Authors: A Loiseau, P Loiseau, G Saumon
Journal: Thorax (1990)

The single breath method underestimates total lung capacity by comparison with the multiple breath method (TLCmb) because of inhomogeneity of ventilation distribution. This study proposes a simple correction for the single breath TLC (TLCsb), using inert gas phase III slope to account for the effects of uneven ventilation distribution. A model of a non-uniform lung ventilation was designed, composed of a serial dead space and two alveolar compartments arranged in parallel, whose relative ventilations were determined from the phase III plateau. Before correction TLCsb was 104-44% of TLCmb in 64 subjects (17 with diffuse interstitial disease, 42 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and five healthy subjects). The limit of acceptability for the correction (TLCcorr) was determined from the 95% confidence interval of TLCsb/TLCmb in the healthy subjects. The correction resulted in a significant increase in TLCsb (p less than 0.004). TLCcorr remained under the limit of acceptability for only 12 patients with emphysema, and all 12 showed a large improvement in the TLC estimate. The presence of poorly ventilated zones during a single breath in these patients may explain this partial correction.