tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in ischemic rat tissues.
Authors: T D Engerson, T G McKelvey, D B Rhyne, E B Boggio, S J Snyder, H P Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

In response to global ischemia, tissue xanthine dehydrogenase was converted to xanthine oxidase in all tissues with half-times of conversion at 37 degrees C of approximately 3.6, 6, 7, and 14 h for the liver, kidney, heart, and lung, respectively. The time course of enzyme conversion at 4 degrees C was greatly extended with half-conversion times of 6, 5, 5, and 6 d for the respective tissues. Increases in xanthine oxidase activity were accompanied by the appearance of a distinct new protein species with greater electrophoretic mobility. The oxidase from ischemic rat liver was purified 781-fold and found to migrate with a higher mobility on native gels than the purified native dehydrogenase. Sodium dodecyl sulfate profiles revealed the presence of a single major band of 137 kD for the native dehydrogenase, whereas the oxidase had been partially cleaved generating polypeptides of 127, 91, and 57 kD. Polypeptide patterns for the oxidase resemble those seen following limited in vitro proteolysis of the native dehydrogenase supporting a proteolytic mechanism for the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to oxidase in ischemic rat liver.
Matrix Protein 2 of Influenza A Virus Blocks Autophagosome Fusion with Lysosomes
Authors: Monique Gannagé, Dorothee Dormann, Randy Albrecht, Jörn Dengjel, Tania Torossi, Patrick C. Rämer, Monica Lee, Till Strowig, Frida Arrey, Gina Conenello, Marc Pypaert, Jens Andersen, Adolfo García-Sastre, Christian Münz
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)
Radiofrequency ablation of typical atrial flutter: immediate hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory benefit for the patient?
Authors: Rainer Schimpf, Heyder Omran, Christian Wolpert, Alexander Yang, Susanne Herwig, Kyung-Mi Jeong, Thorsten Lewalter, Berndt Lüderitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Screening for Lipid Disorders under Health System Reform
Authors: Harold C. Sox
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The principal aims of health system reform are to provide access to care for uninsured Americans and to control health care costs. Accomplishing these goals will require a lean package of health benefits that will be provided to all Americans. We must begin to think about the criteria for inclusion in a benefits package. Screening for lipid disorders, a widely recommended preventive service, is an illustrative case.To be considered effective, screening tests must meet three conditions: the clinical problem must be important, the test must be accurate, and early detection must improve prognosis. Screening for lipid disorders generally meets . . .
Adaptiveness, law-of-effect theory, and control-system theory
Authors: S. R. Coleman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

It is suggested that the control-system theory of Domjan et al. restates in engineering vocabulary the primary thesis of law-of-effect theories: namely, that classical-conditioning arrangements may involve CR-contingent reinforcement. The research cited by Domjan et al. is relevant to the idea that classical conditioning is an adaptive process, but is irrelevant to their control-system theory.
Moving beyond Fluorouracil for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Robert J. Mayer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

For more than 40 years, fluorouracil has been the mainstay of treatment for advanced colorectal cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The drug is thought to act primarily by inhibiting the enzyme thymidylate synthase, thereby blocking the synthesis of DNA. In about 20 percent of patients who receive fluorouracil, the measurable tumor decreases by more than 50 percent. These patients are thought to survive longer than patients whose tumors do not respond to fluorouracil. Debate continues about the best way to administer fluorouracil; a “loading” regimen (consisting of an intravenous bolus of the drug . . .
SOCIOECONOMIC DISPARITIES AND QUALITY OF IN-HOSPITAL CARE AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN THE NATIONAL CARDIOVASCULAR DATA REGISTRY
Authors: Jacob A. Udell, Nihar Desai, Shuang Li, Laine Thomas, Wenying Zhang, James de Lemos, Matthew Roe, Deepak Bhatt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Digestive and nutritional factors may explain lower prevalence of coronary disease in indigenous peoples
Authors: J. J Segall
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR–The report Health Disparities Experienced by American Indians and Alaska Natives , which was summarised in the BMJ ‘s news section,1 shows that American Indians and Alaska Natives have a much higher prevalence of diabetes than all other US racial populations, but it does not refer to the reverse of this …
Insensitivity to anti–Müllerian hormone due to a mutation in the human anti–Müllerian hormone receptor
Authors: Sandrine Imbeaud, Emmanuelle Faure, Isabelle Lamarre, Marie-Geneviève Mattéi, Nathalie di Clemente, Richard Tizard, Danièle Carré-Eusèbe, Corinne Belville, Lars Tragethon, Christopher Tonkin, Janice Nelson, Michele McAuliffe, Jean-Michel Bidart, Abdul Lababidi, Nathalie Josso, Richard L. Cate, Jean-Yves Picard
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Abdominal Adiposity and Coronary Heart Disease in Women
Authors: K M Rexrode, V J Carey, C H Hennekens, E E Walters, G A Colditz, M J Stampfer, W C Willett, J E Manson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—Obesity is a well-established risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but whether regional fat distribution contributes independently to risk remains unclear.Objective.—To compare waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference in determining risk of CHD in women.Design and Setting.—Prospective cohort study among US female registered nurses participating in the Nurses' Health Study conducted between 1986, when the nurses completed a questionnaire, and follow-up in June 1994.Participants.—A total of 44,702 women aged 40 to 65 years who provided waist and hip circumferences and were free of prior CHD, stroke, or cancer in 1986.Main Outcome Measures.—Incidence of CHD (nonfatal myocardial infarction or CHD death).Results.—During 8 years of follow-up 320 CHD events (251 myocardial infarctions and 69 CHD deaths) were documented. Higher WHR and greater waist circumference were independently associated with a significantly increased age-adjusted risk of CHD. After adjusting for body mass index (BMI) (defined as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) and other cardiac risk factors, women with a WHR of 0.88 or higher had a relative risk (RR) of 3.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78-5.95) for CHD compared with women with a WHR of less than 0.72. A waist circumference of 96.5 cm (38 in) or more was associated with an RR of 3.06 (95% CI, 1.54-6.10). The WHR and waist circumference were independently strongly associated with increased risk of CHD also among women with a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or less. After adjustment for reported hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol level, a WHR of 0.76 or higher or waist circumference of 76.2 cm (30 in) or more was associated with more than a 2-fold higher risk of CHD.Conclusions.—The WHR and waist circumference are independently associated with risk of CHD in women.
Venesection and Oxygen.
Authors: E. J. Mellish
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Chicago, Sept. 20, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Apropos of the paper by Dr. J. W. Hoff on "Blood-Letting as a Therapeutic Remedy," in the August 28 issue of theJournal, and the letter of Dr. F. Walton Todd in issue of September 18, I am led to relate some of my experiences with blood-letting. I have perhaps not bled more than a half dozen patients, but have been many times deterred from doing it on account of the popular prejudice against blood-letting. I have records of two cases which I think especially worthy of report. The first is that of a man about 30 years old, admitted to Cook County Hospital, Chicago, in August, 1888, during my service as house physician. The patient was suffering from sunstroke. He was unconscious, breathing stertorously, somewhat cyanotic, with pupils dilated and pulse full and bounding. A vein at the elbow flexure was opened
Protective Effects of Popliteal Cysts in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: G. R. Genovese, M. I. V. Jayson, A. St. J. Dixon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

Discussion DR.J. K. VAN DER KORST (Holland) When you found a popliteal cyst on arthrography and then re-examined the patient, did you then find the popliteal cyst?DR.GENOVESE Yes, this was possible in one patient.The largest popliteal cyst in the series, however, remained clinically undetectable.DR.J. K. VAN DER KORST (Holland) Would you prefer arthrography to radioactive labelled albumin to demonstrate popliteal cysts?DR.GENOVESE No, I have no experience with that technique.We used arthrography because it is simple and safe.
A16: Long-term follow-up of 36 Pediatric Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Francisco Hugo Gomes, Luciana Carvalho, Paola Pinheiro, Tamara Resende, Virgínia Ferriani
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background/Purpose:

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by arterial and/or venous thrombosis and persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Long term follow-up studies in children are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical data and long-term outcome of patients with confirmed antiphospholipid syndrome in childhood.



Methods:

Between 1993 and 2013, 36 patients with confirmed pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome (22 female; aged 8 months-18 years, mean 9 years) were followed at the Pediatric Rheumatology Unit of the University Hospital of USP-RP. Clinical data and long-term outcome of these patients were reviewed retrospectively.



Results:

The median follow-up period was 8.5 years (0.6–20 years), fourteen (38.8%) had underlying autoimmune diseases (30% systemic lupus erytematosous, 5% Behcet's disease and 2.5% systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis). Venous and arterial thrombosis on the first episode occurred in 14 (38%) and 22 (61%) patients, respectively. Ischemic stroke was the most frequent thrombotic event (50%). Three patients had thrombosis in two different sites on the first episode (inferior vena cava and cerebral sinus vein; lower extremities deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism; portal vein and jugular vein thrombosis). The most frequent associated nonthrombotic clinical manifestations were hematologic manifestations (27%), hypertension (22%), and valvulopaties, identified in 10/27 echocardiograms performed (37%), including one case of Libmann-Sachs endocarditis. The frequency of antiphospholipid antibodies identified were: IgG anticardiolipin in 24/35 (68%) patients, IgM anticardiolipin in 21/35 (60%), IgG anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein I in 6/31 (19%), IgM anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein I in 7/31(22%), and lupus anticoagulant in 17/35 (48%). Six patients were positive for all antiphospholipid antibodies investigated. During the follow-up period new thrombotic events occurred in 9 patients (25%), with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome in one of these patients. One patient had two new events (jugular vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism). Major hemorrhagic events, including intracranial hemorrhage and minor hemorrhagic events, including epistaxis, hematomas and hypermenorrhea occurred in 47% of the patients during the use of oral anticoagulants.



Conclusion:

Despite of prophylaxis with anticoagulants, new thrombotic events occurred in 25% of the patients and reaching the ideal prothrombin time to prevent thrombotic episodes was the major challenge, as nearly half of the patients had hemorrhagic events. Studies are necessary to identify ideal parameters for treating and monitoring children with antiphospholipid syndrome.
STAT6 signaling pathway activated by the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 induces expression of the Epstein-Barr virus–encoded protein LMP-1 in absence of EBNA-2: implications for the type II EBV latent gene expression in Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Loránd L. Kis, Natalija Gerasimčik, Daniel Salamon, Emma K. Persson, Noémi Nagy, George Klein, Eva Severinson, Eva Klein
Journal: Blood (2010)
Rapid determination of clonality by detection of two closely-linked X chromosome exonic polymorphisms using allele-specific PCR.
Authors: Y Liu, J Phelan, R C Go, J F Prchal, J T Prchal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

We reported two specific, reproducible, and quantitative clonality assays based on detection of exonic polymorphisms of the X chromosome genes p55 and G6PD using rtPCR-LDR. These assays are inconvenient for screening purposes. This study sought to develop a simple, reproducible assay, practical for screening genomic DNA samples for p55/G6PD genotypes, rapid clonality determination, and to determine the linkage relationship between these closely related loci. The salient feature of ASPCR is the performance of two PCR rounds. The first generates template; the second, using one aliquot of first-round products in two reaction tubes, each containing one allele-specific primer, detects each allele. ASPCR and rtPCR-LDR produced identical p55/G6PD results in 91 normal female genomic DNAs, and in 12 clonal hematopoietic disorder cDNAs, confirming assay validity. 209 female and 207 male genomic DNA samples were analyzed for p55/G6PD genotype by ASPCR; 60% of females were heterozygous at one or both loci. G6PD and p55 allelic frequencies were significantly different among African-American men and women, but were not significantly different among Caucasian men and women. These loci were in linkage equilibrium among African Americans, but not among Caucasians. ASPCR is a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for screening large numbers of genomic DNAs, and for rapid clonality determination.
Proteasome Inhibitors Enhance Gene Delivery by AAV Virus Vectors Expressing Large Genomes in Hemophilia Mouse and Dog Models: A Strategy for Broad Clinical Application
Authors: Paul E Monahan, Clinton D Lothrop, Junjiang Sun, Matthew L Hirsch, Tal Kafri, Boris Kantor, Rita Sarkar, D Michael Tillson, Joseph R Elia, R Jude Samulski
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Delivery of genes that are larger than the wild-type adeno-associated virus (AAV) 4,681 nucleotide genome is inefficient using AAV vectors. We previously demonstrated in vitro that concurrent proteasome inhibitor (PI) treatment improves transduction by AAV vectors encoding oversized transgenes. In this study, an AAV vector with a 5.6 kilobase (kb) factor VIII expression cassette was used to test the effect of an US Food and Drug Administration-approved PI (bortezomib) treatment concurrent with vector delivery in vivo. Intrahepatic vector delivery resulted in factor VIII expression that persisted for >1 year in hemophilia mice. Single-dose bortezomib given with AAV2 or AAV8 factor VIII vector enhanced expression on average ~600 and ~300%, respectively. Moreover, coadministration of AAV8.canineFVIII (1 × 10(13) vg/kg) and bortezomib in hemophilia A dogs (n = 4) resulted in normalization of the whole blood clotting time (WBCT) and 90% reduction in hemorrhages for >32 months compared to untreated hemophilia A dogs (n = 3) or dogs administered vector alone (n = 3). Demonstration of long-term phenotypic correction of hemophilia A dogs with combination adjuvant bortezomib and AAV vector expressing the oversized transgene establishes preclinical studies that support testing in humans and provides a working paradigm to facilitate a significant expansion of therapeutic targets for human gene therapy.
Sequence of the variant thyroxine-binding globulin of Australian aborigines. Only one of two amino acid replacements is responsible for its altered properties.
Authors: K Takeda, Y Mori, S Sobieszczyk, H Seo, M Dick, F Watson, I L Flink, S Seino, G I Bell, S Refetoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

A form of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) with reduced affinity for hormone and increased susceptibility to heat and acid denaturation has been identified in Australian Aborigines (TBG-A). Results of heat denaturation of TBG established that the TBGA allele is X linked and has a frequency of 50.9% in Western Australian Aborigines. The sequence of an isolated TBGA allele differed at two positions from that of the normal TBG allele (TBGC). One substitution was in codon 191, ACA (threonine) rather than GCA (alanine), and the other was in codon 283, TTT (phenylalanine) instead of TTG (leucine). These nucleotide substitutions resulted in the loss of sites for the enzymes Bgl 1 and Tth 111 II, respectively. The nucleotide substitutions in the TBG-A allele was confirmed by digestion of genomic DNA segments amplified using the polymerase chain reaction. The Bgl 1 and Tth 111 II sites were absent in the genes of two Aboriginal men expressing TBG-A and were present in those of three Aboriginal and six Caucasian males expressing TBG-C. The TBG gene of a seventh Caucasian male possessed the Bgl 1 site but had lost the Tth 111 II site; sequencing of this allele revealed only the substitution in codon 283 identical to that in the TBGA allele. As the biochemical properties of TBGPhe-283 expressed by this individual were indistinguishable from normal TBGLeu-283, we believe that the abnormal properties of TBG-A are due to substitution of alanine for threonine at residue 191.
ESUT Expert Group on Laparoscopy Proposes Uniform Terminology During Radical Prostatectomy: We Need to Speak the Same Language
Authors: Jens Rassweiler, Pilar Laguna, Pjotr Chlosta, Vito Pansadoro, Francesco Gaboardi, Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg, Eric Barret, Evangelos Liatiskos, Lutfi Tunc, Thomas Frede, Hubert John, Alexander Bachmann, Roland van Velthoven
Journal: European Urology (2013)
HLA class II genes associated with anticentromere antibody in Japanese patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).
Authors: M Kuwana, Y Okano, J Kaburaki, H Inoko
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

OBJECTIVE--To define further HLA class II gene associations with anticentromere antibody (ACA), a major serum antinuclear antibody in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS--HLA class II genes were determined using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphisms in 94 Japanese patients with SSc (22 ACA positive and 72 ACA negative) and 50 race matched normal control subjects. RESULTS--Frequency of DQB1*0501 was increased in ACA positive SSc patients compared with ACA negative SSc patients (36% versus 13%; p = 0.02, odds ratio = 4.0, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 13.9), but the association of ACA with a polar amino acid at position 26 in the DQB1 beta 1 domain, which was demonstrated in white North Americans, was not observed in Japanese. The DRB1*0101, *0405, and *1302 alleles were associated with high ACA titres, whereas DRB1*1502 was associated with low ACA titres and a low frequency of centromere protein C (CENP-C) reactivity. CONCLUSIONS--These results suggest that the ACA response is associated with multiple HLA class II genes and that ACA positive SSc patients are heterogeneous in terms of immunogenetic background.
ONE POINT OF VIEW
Authors: Sam F. Hartman
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The comments on AMEF and other subjects by Dr. Sedgwick Mead, inThe Journal, April 23, page 1972, were read with interest. The necessity for maintaining our present physician/population ratio is seriously open to question. The acceptance of arbitrary figures, dredged up from whence no-one knows, is unwise. For some time I have believed that our present physician/population ratio is unnecessarily high. In 14 years of practice I have encountered nowhere a genuine shortage of physicians. There is an uneven distribution, but I believe the problem is generally one of too many generals and not enough soldiers, i. e., too many who specialize and not enough who do general work. Grinding out more and more men who do less and less in order to satisfy theoretical standards is absurd and economically most unwise. Actual need is not to be confused with desire to fulfill certain abstract or
The electrocardiographic and antiarrhythmic effects of imipramine hydrochloride at therapeutic plasma concentrations.
Authors: E G Giardina, J T Bigger, A H Glassman, J M Perel, S J Kantor
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The electrocardiographic effects of imipramine hydrochloride at therapeutic plasma concentrations were determined in 44 depressed patients during a 6-week clinical outcome study of depression. During each week of the protocol, i.e., 2 weeks of control and 4 weeks of drug treatment, a standard 12-lead ECG, high-speed, high-fidelity ECG tracings, and a 24-hour continuous ECG recording were obtained. PR, QRS, and QTc intervals, T-wave amplitude, heart rate and frequency of ventricular premature depolarizations (VPDs) were measured. The plasma concentration of imipramine and desmethylimipramine was measured three times a week. Imipramine prolonged the PR (p less than 0.001), QRS (p less than 0.001) and QTc (p less than 0.001) intervals, increased the heart rate (p less than 0.001) and lowered T-wave amplitude (p less than 0.05) during the 4 weeks of treatment. No patient developed high-grade atrioventricular block or severe intraventricular conduction abnormalities. In addition, imipramine had a potent antiarrhythmic action in patients who were recovering from depression. Ten of 11 patients who had more than 10 VPDs/hour had 90% or greater arrhythmia suppression during antidepressant treatment with imipramine at plasma concentrations ranging from 100--302 ng/ml.
Evaluation of γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Eugene L. Coodley
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The activity of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) was determined serially in 64 patients with suspected myocardial infarction. Of 38 patients with proved myocardial infarction, only four showed early change of y-GTP activity and six showed change between the fifth and seventh day. Of 26 patients shown not to have myocardial infarction, slightly over one-third had persistent false-positive elevation of γ-GTP. These studies failed to demonstrate a significant value to this enzyme determination.
Remarks on Chronic Enlargement of the Pancreas in Association with or Producing Attacks Simulating Biliary Colic
Authors: G. Barling
Journal: BMJ (1900)

LDao. 22, 1 9W.publish' the results as soon as possible. (The coloured glasses must, of course, be of a certain standard quality.)We may by this means be enabled to form a standard as simple and as useful as Snellen's standard for form vision.With the average normal central colour vision (C.V.) reduced to a for red and green, rejection of the examinee is advisable; with C. V. reduced to 4z it becomes an absolute necessity.To secure accuracy each eye should be examined separately, and, though for practical purposes it would be quite suf- ficient if one eye onlV satisfied the colour test, still it would be of great importance to know that such and such an individual was suffering from a defect of colour perception in one eye.REFEBENCE.