tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Canadian Supreme Court upholds right to take out private health insurance
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A surprise ruling of the Supreme Court of Canada that struck down a Quebec prohibition on private health insurance in that province has raised fears that a two tier health care system will arise to replace the whole country's universal publicly funded system. Until now, Canadians have not been allowed to buy health insurance to cover services provided by the publicly funded system, even though there are long waits for some of these services. The decision of the court is likely to result in residents of other provinces also challenging the ban.

The court judgment was given in a case brought by Jacques Chaouilli, a Quebec doctor whose patient, George Zeliotis, had waited nearly a year for hip replacement surgery. Dr Chaouilli and Mr Zeliotis argued that Quebec's ban on buying private insurance for services already covered by the public …
Physical and Mental Health Changes in Retirement Age
Authors: Raimo K.R. Salokangas, Matti Joukamaa
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

Effects of retirement on health were studied in a prospective follow-up study (TURVA project). The subjects were examined when they were 62 and 66 years old. At the beginning of the study more than half of the subjects were still working and the rest of them pensioned. Retirement had no clear effect on the subjects' physical health. Mental health of the subjects who retired at age of old-age retirement became better than that of the subjects who retired before the study. Diminished work stress may explain positive changes in mental health during retirement process.
THE STRUCTURE AND DIFFERENTIATION OF THE SPECIFIC CELLULAR ELEMENTS OF THE PARS INTERMEDIA OF THE HYPOPHYSIS OF THE DOMESTIC PIG
Authors: Siegfried Maurer, Dean Lewis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

The bearing of these results on the Herring-Cushing theory of pituitary secretion is apparent. For the first time a true secretion antecedent has been demonstrated in the cells of the pars intermedia, an antecedent which appears in the cells at the same period of development at which active pressor effects may be obtained from the gland extracts. The route of export of this material from the gland to its point of utilization, however, is unknown; it may go by way of the blood or, as required by the Herring theory, by the transneural route to the third ventricle. The objections to the latter conclusion have been amply expanded in the introduction to this paper, but here may be emphasized the fact that the fetal pig hypophysis contains no hyaline bodies. Indeed they are rare in the adult, though there may be seen in the cells of the pars nervosa in the processes of its intrinsic cells, granular deposits which we believe to be the antecedents of the hyaline bodies but which in the pig rarely are discharged and aggregated into discrete masses as in other mammals. The fact that some observers have obtained positive pressor effects from the nervous part of the posterior lobe, exclusive of the pars intermedia, need not weigh very heavily in attempting to trace the course of the secretion, when we reflect that the difficulties of making such a mechanical separation are almost insuperable, and that the chemical product of the pars intermedia is so soluble and vanishes from the cells so rapidly that it may well be diffusible through the thin membranes which intervene and penetrate post mortem into adjacent parts. We are inclined, therefore, to the view that the secretion leaves the gland by the vascular route rather than by way of the interfibrillar spaces of the pars nervosa.
Gout and Polycystic Disease of Kidney
Authors: JULIO V. RIVERA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 March 1974Gout and Polycystic Disease of KidneyJULIO V. RIVERA, M.D.JULIO V. RIVERA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-3-427_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with interest Dr. Newcombe's letter (1), in which he suggests a relation, probably genetic, between gout and adult-type polycystic kidney disease. Virchow (2), in 1856, first suggested that uric acid and lime infarcts in the renal medullae were the cause of obstruction, which led to the formation of renal cysts. Although this theory is no longer tenable, it pointed to a relation between uric acid and polycystic disease. In 1965 we studied a family group in which these two conditions were associated in a way that suggested a genetic linkage (3). Six of 10 other...References1. NEWCOMBE D: Gouty arthritis and polycystic kidney disease (letter). Ann Intern Med 79:605, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar2. VIRCHOW R: Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschestlichen Medizin fur Rudolf Virchow. Frankfurt, Meidinger, 1856, p. 886 Google Scholar3. RIVERAMARTÍNEZ-MALDONADORAMÍREZ DE ARELLANO JMG: Association of hyperuricemia and polycystic kidney disease. Bol Assoc Med PR 57:251-262, 1965 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Nuclear Medicine Service Veterans Administration Center San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Genetic Basic of Hyperuricemia and Gout 1 March 1974Volume 80, Issue 3Page: 427-427KeywordsGenetic diseasesGenetic linkageGoutPolycystic kidney diseaseUric acid Issue Published: 1 March 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Molecular Profiling of Heart Endothelial Cells
Authors: Lianglin Zhang, Jason A. Hoffman, Erkki Ruoslahti
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Endothelial cells that line the vascular lumen can express cell-surface proteins that are specific to the endothelium of a particular tissue. In this study, we probed the heart vasculature for heart-specific endothelial markers by phage display.We used a novel combination of in vivo phage selection and a bacterial 2-hybridization scheme against a heart cDNA library, which allows simultaneous identification of peptides that specifically bind to the target endothelium, as well as the endothelial molecules (receptors) recognized by the peptides. We found 5 heart-targeting peptides and their receptors. We confirmed and quantified the selective expression of 4 of the proteins in heart endothelial cells by independent methods. The heart specificity of phages was as high as 300-fold greater than that of nonrecombinant control phages. The proteins selectively expressed by the heart endothelium were in most cases also expressed by cardiomyocytes and, at lower levels, in some other tissues.These findings provide new markers for the endothelium of heart vessels and reveal a commonality between parenchymal and endothelial gene expression in the heart. The heart-homing peptides provide a means of targeting diagnostic and therapeutic agents to the heart, and their receptors are potential drug discovery targets.
Albumin
Authors: James L. Tullis
Journal: JAMA (1977)

THE INCREASING use of human serum albumin, which recently has threatened to stress the usual annual supply and to add considerably to health care costs, prompted a cooperative study in early 1975 between the federal government and the private sector. This led to the development of three projects: (1) A workshop was convened in Bethesda, Md, under joint sponsorship of the Division of Blood Diseases and Resources, National Heart and Lung Institute, and the Division of Blood and Blood Products, Bureau of Biologics. This meeting in February 1975 defined the present state of knowledge of the structure, synthesis, and function of albumin and reviewed in depth its current clinical use. The proceedings were subsequently published. 1 (2) Recommendations were formulated on areas needing further basic or applied research. (3) Guidelines for the appropriate clinical use of albumin were proposed and are currently being circularized to concerned persons for comment.  Although
Integrating Research, Surveillance, and Practice in Environmental PublicHealth Tracking
Authors: Amy D. Kyle, John R. Balmes, Patricia A. Buffler, Philip R. Lee
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is working with selected state and local health departments, academic centers, and others to develop an environmental public health tracking initiative to improve geographic and temporal surveillance of environmental hazards, exposures, and related health outcomes. The objective is to support policy strategies and interventions for disease prevention by communities and environmental health agencies at the federal, state, and local levels. The first 3 years of the initiative focused on supporting states and cities in developing capacity, information technology infrastructure, and pilot projects to demonstrate electronic linkage of environmental hazard or exposure data and disease data. The next phase requires implementation across states. This transition could provide opportunities to further integrate research, surveillance, and practice through attention to four areas. The first is to develop a shared and transparent knowledge base that draws on environmental health research and substantiates decisions about what to track and the interpretation of results. The second is to identify and address information needs of policy and stakeholder audiences in environmental health. The third is to adopt mechanisms for coordination, decision making, and governance that can incorporate and support the major entities involved. The fourth is to promote disease prevention by systematically identifying and addressing population-level environmental determinants of health and disease.
Nestle and PepsiCo will give nutritional advice to women in anti-hunger campaign in Mexico
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Campaigners have warned that a project to reduce hunger in Mexico is being hijacked by food multinationals such as Nestle and PepsiCo, which have signed agreements to provide nutritional advice and products to some of the country’s poorest women.

Under the agreements Nestle is to teach 15 000 women in 12 of the country’s poorest states how to cook desserts and how to run a small business selling them. The project, called “My sweet business,” will also include half a day of education on nutrition and basic supplies to help the women set up the businesses.

PepsiCo is working with its local partner Quaker to develop a special nutritional milk for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers and a high nutrition biscuit for …
VAD‐based regimens as primary treatment for multiple myeloma
Authors: Raymond Alexanian, Bart Barlogie, Susan Tucker
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract An alternating VCAD‐VAD regimen, combining vincristine‐doxorubicin by continuous infusion with cyclophosphamide and pulse dexamethasone, or VAD alone, was given to 175 previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma. The response rate with primary VAD‐based regimens of 55% was virtually identical to the 54% in comparable patients treated previously with similar programs by using bolus vincristine‐doxorubicin. Despite responses to VAD that were more rapid in onset than any previous treatment, remission and survival times were similar. This may be due to major differences in drug sensitivity between progenitor and differentiated plasma cells. A VAD‐based regimen seems better for newly diagnosed patients when rapid control of multiple myeloma is necessary.
Inside the Diagnosis
Authors: David M. Worthen
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The beginning was innocent. In July 1985I received a shock from a hand-held electric drill. Within a week I'd recovered and felt fortunate to be alive. But this minor accident heralded a permanent change in my life. I passed through the transparent curtain that separates physician from patient: I moved inside the diagnosis. I have always enjoyed good health and was successful in competitive swimming and running. An ophthalmologist, I took pleasure in performing microsurgery. Approaching age 50I feared any disability that would interfere with providing for my wife of 27 years and our five children. By the following November, however, progressive weakness of my left arm forced me to abandon performing any more surgery and prompted consultation at a university neurology department. The differential diagnosis was broad; a major concern was a motor-neuron syndrome. I was relieved by the consultant's conclusion: the injury from the shock seemed isolated to
Hormone Exposure and Lymphocytic Impairment
Authors: C. R. Franks
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  I was interested to read Dr. Ablin's recent letter Diethylstilbestrol Exposure and Lymphocytic Impairment (229:1863, 1974).  In our own studies, 1 implanted HeLa tumors in estrogen-treated female mice survived longer than those in untreated control mice. Furthermore, these mice experienced a profound lymphopenia. Although a less marked lymphopenia also occurred in estrogen-treated male mice, HeLa tumors in such mice regressed before those in control mice did.  Androgen treatment of female mice, on the other hand, resulted in a rapid lymphocytosis, and there was regression of HeLa tumors before similar tumors regressed in control mice. In male mice, androgen produced a marked and lasting lymphopenia. HeLa tumors in such mice survived beyond those in controls.  In all these studies, a non-hormonedependent tumor was used, and yet it was possible to influence the growth of tumors. The evidence would appear to suggest there has been a change in cell-mediated
Focus: Washington Coincidental politics
Authors: J. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1997)

President Clinton and the Republican Congress are still publicly congratulating themselves on reaching agreement earlier this year to balance the US government budget by 2002. But behind closed doors tempers are already shortening as the work begins.

There is no more fractious a spending topic than Medicare, the government programme to insure the elderly, which is also America's single biggest health insurance plan. The budget agreement calls for the programme, which has grown almost 200% over the past 10 years, to be cut by 8.5% over the next five. That means cuts of $115bn (£70bn).

The economics are simple. Everyone employed in the health sector will lose some, and some will …
Anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment in chronic recurrent inflammation of the anterior segment of the eye in patients resistant to standard immunomodulatory treatment
Authors: Y El-Shabrawi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Recurrent or chronic anterior uveitis leads to a drop of vision below 20/50 in 23% of patients; 11% will eventually be legally blind.1,2 Thus the treatment of these patients still presents a challenge, and additional treatments are needed. In a previous study we found that anti-tumour necrosis factor α (anti-TNFα) treatment was highly efficient in a patient with an acute HLA-B27 associated uveitis.3 Thus we tested the efficacy of anti-TNFα treatment, consisting of a combined immunomodulatory drug and corticosteroids, in chronic inflammatory diseases of the anterior segment of the eye, non-responsive to standard anti-inflammatory treatment.

Nine patients with uveitis with associated systemic disease were included (table 1). Eight of these patients had a rheumatic disease (five had a spondyloarthropathy (all were HLA-B27 positive), two had juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA; one Still’s disease, …
How Conducting a Clinical Trial Affects Physicians' Guideline Adherence and Drug Preferences
Authors: Morten Andersen, Jakob Kragstrup, Jens Søndergaard
Journal: JAMA (2006)

General practitioners are frequently involved in clinical trials sponsored by pharmaceutical companies but the effects of participation on their prescribing patterns have not been evaluated.To determine how conducting a company-sponsored clinical trial influenced physicians' adherence to international treatment recommendations and their prescribing of the pharmaceutical company's drugs.Observational cohort study in Funen County, Denmark, comparing 10 practices that were conducting a trial on asthma medicine with 165 control (non-trial-conducting) practices. The study population included 5439 patients treated with asthma drugs from the trial-conducting practices and 59,574 patients from the control practices. Practices conducted the trial between April 26, 2001, and October 7, 2002.Adherence to guidelines measured as use of inhaled corticosteroids among asthma patients. Prevalence of use of the company's drugs and the trial sponsor's share of the total volume of asthma drugs prescribed.The baseline proportion of asthma patients using inhaled corticosteroids was 68.5% in trial-conducting and 69.1% in control practices. Conducting the trial did not influence guideline adherence (odds ratio [OR] after 2 years, 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.19). In trial-conducting practices, the sponsoring company's share of the total prescribed volume of asthma drugs increased compared with control practices (6.7%; 95% CI, 3.0%-11.7%). This could be attributed to a significantly higher preference for the company's inhaled corticosteroids (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.04-1.54) and trends toward increased prescribing of the company's other asthma drugs.Conducting a trial sponsored by a pharmaceutical company had no significant impact on physicians' adherence to international treatment recommendations but increased their use of the trial sponsor's drugs.
HOSPITALIZATION AND THE COST OF MEDICAL CARE
Authors: C. A. Mills
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Two features of the high cost of medical care have been too much neglected in past discussions: unnecessary hospitalization of patients by physicians, and unduly high cost of hospital construction. During the past two decades there has been a growing tendency to send patients into hospitals for study and treatment, usually involving extensive chemical and physical laboratory aids which have added much to the already high hospital costs. With diabetes, in particular, the cost of medical care has been rendered excessive by this unnecessary use of hospitals and laboratories. I say unnecessary here because I am convinced that, with a due regard for the patient's purse and a willingness to give a maximum of personal service, this and many other conditions could be handled largely at home or in the office as effectively as in the hospital. Physicians may have felt a responsibility toward financial support of
Cavity Potentials of the Human Ventricles
Authors: HENRY A. ZIMMERMAN, HERMAN K. HELLERSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Intracavitary potentials of the human left ventricle were studied in 8 patients by the technic of retrograde ulnar artery or, in one case, pulmonary vein catheterization. The intracavitary potentials from the left ventricle were of the QS variety and confirm Wilson's concept of the earlier depolarization of the intraventricular septum from left to right.
Outpatient Termination of Pregnancy
Authors: S. C. Lewis, S. Lal, B. Branch, R. W. Beard
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Termination of pregnancies ranging from 6 to 10 weeks9 gestation is described in 127 women who attended the hospital as outpatients. The technique employed was to aspirate the products of conception through a narrow plastic tube using a high negative pressure. Infiltration of the cervix with local anaesthetic proved so effective that the procedure could be carried out on the fully conscious patient. The short time taken to evacuate the uterus, the small blood loss, and the low incidence of complications in the latter part of the study suggest that the technique is a valuable procedure. Relatively more women can be terminated as outpatients than as inpatients with a corresponding reduction in the demands made on gynaecological beds.
Quebec platelet disorder is linked to the urokinase plasminogen activator gene (PLAU) and increases expression of the linked allele in megakaryocytes
Authors: Maria Diamandis, Andrew D. Paterson, Johanna M. Rommens, D. Kika Veljkovic, Jessica Blavignac, Dennis E. Bulman, John S. Waye, Francine Derome, Georges E. Rivard, Catherine P. M. Hayward
Journal: Blood (2008)
Abstract 1156: Shed syndecan-1 downregulates histone acetyltransferase activity and shuttles HGF to the nucleus of tumor and host cells
Authors: Mark Stewart, Vishnu Ramani, Ralph Sanderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 (CD138) is expressed by myeloma tumor cells, is proteolytically shed from the cell surface and accumulates in the serum. High levels of serum syndecan-1 are an independent indicator of poor prognosis. Our lab has demonstrated that shed syndecan-1 drives myeloma tumor progression in vivo, but the mechanism(s) mediating this are not fully understood. The role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix has been extensively studied, but their presence and function within the nucleus is often overlooked. However, recent findings indicate that nuclear heparan sulfate has important regulatory functions. Based on preliminary findings, we hypothesized that shed syndecan-1 binds to the tumor cell surface and translocates to the nucleus where it regulates gene expression thereby promoting aggressive tumor behavior. We utilized murine myeloma cells which were grown in the presence of medium containing human shed syndecan-1. Strikingly, the shed syndecan-1 was rapidly taken up by these cells and translocated to the nucleus. Additionally, exogenous human shed syndecan-1 added to murine stromal cells also bound to the cell surface and translocated to the nucleus. This is the first demonstration that shed proteoglycans can translocate to the nucleus of cells. When stromal cells were grown in the presence of tumor-derived shed syndecan-1, acetylated histone H3 was decreased. Additionally, tumor cells engineered to express high levels of shed SDC1 have a 58% reduction in histone acetyltransferase activity. This may be due to syndecan-1 directly binding to p300/CBP-associated factor, a HAT enzyme. Moreover, HGF bound to shed syndecan-1 was shuttled to the nucleus of myeloma cells as a complex. Shed syndecan-1 and HGF translocation to the nucleus is dependent on intact heparan sulfate chains present on the syndecan-1 core protein. These data reveal a novel mechanism of tumor-host crosstalk whereby syndecan-1, shed by tumor cells, alters histone acetyltransferase activity and shuttles heparin-binding factors to the nucleus to reprogram cells and alter gene expression. Therapeutic regulation of syndecan-1 shedding, its binding to the cell surface or translocation to the nucleus represent novel strategies to control the progression of myeloma and other cancers. Citation Format: Mark Stewart, Vishnu Ramani, Ralph Sanderson. Shed syndecan-1 downregulates histone acetyltransferase activity and shuttles HGF to the nucleus of tumor and host cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1156. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1156
Parental irradiation and excess childhood leukemia.
Authors: C Kalman
Journal: BMJ (1993)

possibility exists that in the 1970s women died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease but the cause of death was incorrectly attributed.Evidence that a trans- missible agent caused Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was first published in Science in 1968.5It took several years, however, for anyone to make the connection between Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and growth hormone.No doubt the same may apply to gonadotrophin derived from human pituitaries.