tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bronchoalveolar mast cells in sarcoidosis: increased numbers and accentuation of mediator release.
Authors: K C Flint, K B Leung, B N Hudspith, J Brostoff, F L Pearce, D Geraint-James, N M Johnson
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Bronchoalveolar lavage was carried out in 36 subjects with sarcoidosis and 20 control subjects undergoing bronchoscopy for routine diagnostic purposes. The proportion of mast cells in the lavage fluid of subjects with sarcoidosis (mean (SE) 0.84% 0.09%; p less than 0.01) when compared with that of controls (mean 0.32% (0.05%); p less than 0.01). This increase was greatest in subjects with positive gallium scans but was not correlated with the percentage recovery of lymphocytes or radiographic stage. Anti-IgE induced histamine release from the bronchoalveolar cells of 15 subjects with sarcoidosis was significantly increased at all effective doses of anti-IgE. This accentuation of histamine release was significantly greater in patients with positive gallium scans and correlated directly with the percentage recovery of lymphocytes (r = 0.7, p less than 0.005). The dose-response curve of anti-IgE induced histamine release from bronchoalveolar cells of subjects with more than 20% of lymphocytes in the lavage cell population was significantly greater than the dose-response curves of subjects with fewer than 20% of lymphocytes and of controls.
Feeding in Typhoid.
Authors: W. H. DeWitt
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Cincinnati, Ohio, May 10, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It is the generally accepted opinion that typhoid fever patients should be placed exclusively on a liquid diet. I am constrained to believe that this practice is the out growth of custom or tradition, handed down from generation to generation, and not the result of clear or practical observation. It is, I believe, generally conceded, and I do not know why, that the giving of solid food retards the recovery of the patient and predisposes to relapses. Starting out with a desire to test this matter more thoroughly and to prove, if possible, the contrary to be true, I have, in my private practice, for some time given nearly all of my typhoid patients some solid food in connection with liquids. I do not wish to be understood as saying that I have given them quantities or great varieties. I have allowed
Sodium Bicarbonate Administration During Cardiac Arrest-Reply
Authors: Richard L. Bishop
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate the comments of Harrison et al with regard to the use of sodium bicarbonate during cardiac resuscitation. The results of these investigators with resuscitation of patients by trained health personnel are enviable. These results clearly demonstrate that one can achieve effective resuscitation despite the administration of large amounts of sodium bicarbonate. I would encourage these investigators to undertake a controlled trial of high-dose sodium bicarbonate during cardiac resuscitation. We do not have survival data on our animal preparations since these were short-term experiments. As pointed out in our article, other investigators<sup>1,2</sup>found little beneficial effect of sodium bicarbonate in animal survival. Relatively small amounts of sodium bicarbonate may in fact be beneficial, not so much by virtue of the effect on pH and Pco<sub>2</sub>but rather by virtue of the effects on osmolality.<sup>3</sup>The studies of Fillmore and associates<sup>4</sup>point to the
Social Factors Influencing Length of Hospital Stay of Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: G. W. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1959)

BRORL discharge from hospital.Some patients discharged themselves against medical advice; their subsequent history is not recorded, but it is clear that their early discharge could only spoil the effective prediction of long-stay cases-the group in which prediction was best.The possibility that short-stay cases might have been readmitted to hospital within 200 days of their entry into the survey was considered because it might be thought more appropriate to classify such cases among the intermediate group staying 100-199 days.There were, in fact, only four such cases, a number unlikely to alter results in any significant way.No knowledge has yet been gained of numbers readmitted later than 200 days from their entry into the survey, nor of patients' health after an interval of years: this may follow in time.The two notable advantages of considering duration of hospital stay are that it can be determined accurately in days, and that this provides a well-defined measure of an economic burden shouldered by the community.
Where Do Obituary Listings Come From? Putting the Matter to Rest
Authors: Scott E. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Your Obituary Listing of March 3, 1993,<sup>1</sup>puzzles me. How is it possible that during that reporting period, the youngest person to die was 86 years old, and the mean age of death was more than 91 years? Compare these numbers with those from your March 10, 1993,<sup>2</sup>necrology: the youngest age of death was 30 years, with the mean age of 66 years. You seem to have clustered all the elderly deaths in your March 3 issue. Is this mysterious distribution merely a quirk or an attempt to liven up the obituaries?
US foundation, university, and drug company are sued for alleged role in Guatemala study
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A $1bn (£0.7bn; €0.9bn) class action suit has been filed in a Maryland court against the Rockefeller Foundation, Johns Hopkins University, and Bristol-Myers Squibb for their alleged roles in a study on sexually transmitted infections conducted in Guatemala in the 1940s and 1950s.

The lawsuit alleges that physicians, scientists, and other employees of the foundation and the university helped run a notorious study conducted in Guatemala from 1945 to 1956 in which children, prison inmates, psychiatric patients, soldiers, and orphans were intentionally infected with syphilis, gonorrhea, chancroid, and other diseases. It alleges that Bristol-Myers Squibb is culpable because its predecessor companies supplied penicillin for use in the studies.

The 774 plaintiffs that filed the suit, in the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland, on 1 April, included surviving study participants and their spouses, children, sexual partners, and descendants. The suit alleges that participants in the Guatemala experiment were not informed that they were being exposed to diseases and that the …
A CHARACTERISTIC LOCALIZATION OF BACILLUS ABORTUS IN THE BOVINE FETAL MEMBRANES
Authors: Theobald Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1919)

The significance of this invasion of the chorionic epithelium from the standpoint of pathogene'sis cannot be properly evaluated until a more complete history of the successive localizations of Bacillus abortus has been obtained. It is safe to assume that this particular cell parasitism is but one of a series of localizations and centers of multiplication in the fetal membranes although evidence points to it as perhaps the earliest stage in which the organism gains by rapid, unchecked multiplication a considerable advantage over the host. The local destruction of an epithelial covering by an infectious agent when other miscellaneous infectious agents are absent may or may not be of much importance, for it would depend on the regenerative activity of the epithelium, the tendency to the gathering of injurious transudates, and the toxic substances associated with the bacilli. It is probable that localizations also occur in the walls of the blood vessels of the chorion. Thus far only one case of this kind has been observed. The fusiform connective tissue cells of the adventitious coat of a blood vessel 0.8 mm. in diameter were completely replaced by clumps of minute bacilli. Since there is usually a slight perivascular cell infiltration in the diseased placenta this localization may be largely responsible for the circulatory disturbances which lead to death of the fetus. The case referred to may be but a greatly exaggerated illustration of the action of Bacillus abortus in the walls of the blood vessels where they are too few in number at any one time to be identified. It is known, that in the guinea pig disease with pronounced lesions Bacillus abortus is demonstrated only with great difficulty because of its scarcity. The more or less specific localization and multiplication of bacteria within cells not having phagocytic functions have thus far been demonstrated in leprosy, syphilis, and in a disease of mice recently described by Tyzzer, who found an active invasion of both liver cells and intestinal epithelium by a bacillus. In cells to which phagocytic powers have been ascribed the specific localization of certain bacteria is well known. Thus tubercle bacilli occur within the endothelial cells of the tubercle. Leprosy bacilli have been found within a variety of cell groups. Mouse septicemia bacilli occur regularly within certain phagocytic cells of the blood. Recently bacteria have been found attached to the cilia of the respiratory tract in pertussis by Mallory and Hornor, in a form of guinea pig pneumonia by the writer. Actual occupation of epithelial cells followed by active multiplication of the invaders and destruction of the cell has, however, been frequently demonstrated for the sporozoa. That it may occur more often among bacteria is highly probable. Rapidity of multiplication and cell destruction or invisibility or both may stand in the way of a satisfactory demonstration.
A Family of WASPs
Authors: Scott B. Snapper, Fred S. Rosen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Mutation of a single X-linked gene, WASP, causes the features of the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, an immunodeficiency disorder of T-cells and B-cells. The mutation disables the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), a member of a family of proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Without these proteins, cells can neither maintain their shape nor move. There is recent evidence that certain microorganisms attach themselves to host cells by using members of the WASP family.
Infant chlamydial pneumonia.
Authors: J Braithwaite, F Davidson, H P Lambert, M Williams
Journal: BMJ (1983)

c) Subjects reporting galactorrhoea/mastalgia. CommentWe were not surprised that domperidone, like metoclopramide, increased the serum prolactin concentration.3Both drugs are thought to have this effect by antagonising dopamine in the median eminence,4 which lies outside the blood-brain barrier.Six of the women with adverse reactions complained predominantly of constipation.Constipated patients may in some way be sensitised to on 20 July 2023 by guest.
Result of Governor's Insults to Medical Profession.
Authors: William P. Munn
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Denver, Colo, Jan. 31, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The Journalhas shown such an intelligent appreciation of the character and official acts of Charles S. Thomas, late governor of Colorado, that I feel sure you will record with some degree of satisfaction a few facts in connection with his recent failure to secure election to the United States Senate. As long ago as last summer the medical profession of Colorado was actively awake to its duty in connection with Mr. Thomas's senatorial candidacy, and without regard to party affiliation, practically every regular physician in the state took an interest in this aspect of our political campaign. Early recognizing the probability of democratic control of the general assembly, physicians made it their business to work at primaries and in conventions for the nomination only of such democratic or "fusion" legislative candidates as would promise to oppose the ambitions of Governor
Disruption of the splicing enhancer sequence within exon 27 of the dystrophin gene by a nonsense mutation induces partial skipping of the exon and is responsible for Becker muscular dystrophy.
Authors: N Shiga, Y Takeshima, H Sakamoto, K Inoue, Y Yokota, M Yokoyama, M Matsuo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The mechanism of exon skipping induced by nonsense mutations has not been well elucidated. We now report results of in vitro splicing studies which disclosed that a particular example of exon skipping is due to disruption of a splicing enhancer sequence located within the exon. A nonsense mutation (E1211X) due to a G to T transversion at the 28th nucleotide of exon 27 (G3839T) was identified in the dystrophin gene of a Japanese Becker muscular dystrophy case. Partial skipping of the exon resulted in the production of truncated dystrophin mRNA, although the consensus sequences for splicing at both ends of exon 27 were unaltered. To determine how E1211X induced exon 27 skipping, the splicing enhancer activity of purine-rich region within exon 27 was examined in an in vitro splicing system using chimeric doublesex gene pre-mRNA. The mutant sequence containing G3839T abolished splicing enhancer activity of the wild-type purine-rich sequence for the upstream intron in this chimeric pre-mRNA. An artificial polypurine oligonucleotide mimicking the purine-rich sequence of exon 27 also showed enhancer activity that was suppressed by the introduction of a T nucleotide. Furthermore, the splicing enhancer activity was more markedly inhibited when a nonsense codon was created by the inserted T residue. This is the first evidence that partial skipping of an exon harboring a nonsense mutation is due to disruption of a splicing enhancer sequence.
Update: A 52-Year-Old Woman With Obesity
Authors: Neha S. Trivedi, Anjala V. Tess
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of Health Status Between the United States and England
Authors: Edward Whitney
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Yefim Alekseyevich Pridvorov
Authors: M. A. Shampo
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Clinicians at the bedside and researchers at the bench make the discoveries that shape the future of medicine. With this issue (p 1562),<i>JAMA</i>inaugurates a column of clinically oriented, basic science research in review. The column will permit physicians to glimpse the future of medicine and to gain a better understanding of the scientific basis of their practice. This new department, entitled BENCH AND BEDSIDE, reflects the relevance of basic science research to medical practice. It acknowledges the vital contributions that clinical and basic science research make to medicine. The following editorial principles will apply to all articles published in BENCH AND BEDSIDE: Columns will be focused reviews of important basic science work. The articles will emphasize highlights and major trends in medical research. They will not assume exhaustive archival functions that would make them unwieldy or impenetrable for the physician-reader. They will not attempt to cover vast expanses
Fatal Hyperammonemia after Orthotopic Lung Transplantation
Authors: Gary R. Lichtenstein, Yu-Xiao Yang, Frederick A. Nunes, James D. Lewis, Mendel Tuchman, Gregory Tino, Larry R. Kaiser, Harold I. Palevsky, Robert M. Kotloff, Emma E. Furth, Joseph E. Bavaria, Mark M. Stecker, Paige Kaplan, Gerard T. Berry
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

A case of fatal hyperammonemia complicating orthotopic lung transplantation was previously reported.To describe the incidence, clinical features, and treatment of hyperammonemia associated with orthotopic lung transplantation.Retrospective cohort analysis.Academic medical center and lung transplantation center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.145 sequential adult patients who underwent orthotopic lung transplantation.Plasma ammonium levels.Six of the 145 patients who had had orthotopic lung transplantation developed hyperammonemia, all within the first 26 days after transplantation. The 30-day post-transplantation mortality rate was 67% for patients with hyperammonemia compared with 17% for those without hyperammonemia (P = 0.01). Development of major gastrointestinal complications (P = 0.03), use of total parenteral nutrition (P < 0.001), and lung transplantation for primary pulmonary hypertension (P = 0.045) were associated with hyperammonemia.Hyperammonemia is a potentially fatal event occurring after orthotopic lung transplantation. It is associated with high nitrogen load, concurrent medical stressors, primary pulmonary hypertension, and hepatic glutamine synthetase deficiency.
Hypovitaminosis D and disease: consequence rather than cause?
Authors: R. Gama, J. L. Waldron, H. L. Ashby, M. P. Cornes, J. Bechervaise, C. Razavi, O. L. Thomas, S. Chugh, S. Deshpande, C. Ford
Journal: BMJ (2012)

In their editorial calling for vitamin D to be put into perspective Harvey and Cooper do not consider the possibility, supportive to their view, that hypovitaminosis D is the consequence rather than the cause of disease.1 We recently completed a study showing unequivocally that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is a negative acute phase reactant.

We measured serum C reactive protein …
Prevalence of primary and secondary hypertension: studies in a random population sample.
Authors: G Berglund, O Andersson, L Wilhelmsen
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The prevalence of primary and secondary hypertension was determined in a random sample of 7455 Swedish men aged 47 to 54 years. Three hundred and sizty-one men were undergoing treatment for hypertension. Seven hundred and ninety-eight men who had blood pressures above 175/115 mm Hg at preliminary screening were recalled for further blood pressure measurements. Those on treatment and all the untreated men whose blood pressures were still over 175/115 mm Hg then underwent extensive investigation for secondary hypertension. Renal parenchymal hypertension was found in 25 (3-6%) patients, renovascular hypertension in four (0-6%), and other forms of secondary hypertension in 11 (1-6%). The investigation led to surgical treatment in only two cases (0-3%). The low prevalence of secondary hypertension, especially surgically curable forms of hypertension, makes routine screening for these cases unnecessary, at least when patients with hypertension have been found at screening. These data must be taken into account in planning community control programmes in hypertension.
I Want To Go Home
Authors: Cynthia X. Pan, Jennifer Kales, Sandra Sanchez-Reilly
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

On Being a Doctor21 December 2004I Want To Go HomeCynthia X. Pan, MD, Jennifer Kales, MS, ANP, and Sandra Sanchez-Reilly, MDCynthia X. Pan, MDFrom Hertzberg Palliative Care Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229., Jennifer Kales, MS, ANPFrom Hertzberg Palliative Care Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229., and Sandra Sanchez-Reilly, MDFrom Hertzberg Palliative Care Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-12-200412210-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In the course of seeing patients who need palliative care, we often encounter requests to help patients go home. Home can mean different things. It can mean being at one's house or with loved ones or doing an activity that makes the patient feel at home. Alternatively, home can mean "home land," especially today when we see patients who emigrate from many countries and who have different backgrounds, cultures, dreams, and histories. Why go home? Because once home, we can be more in control, at ease, and safe. We can decide how to live and conduct our lives. Our home ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Hertzberg Palliative Care Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229.Note: All names have been changed to protect the identity of the patient and family.Grant Support: In part by 2 grants from the Health Resources and Services Administration Geriatric Academic Career Award (1 K01 HP 00020).Corresponding Author: Cynthia X. Pan, MD, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1070, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; e-mail, cynthia.[email protected]edu.Current Author Addresses: Dr. Pan and Ms. Kales: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1070, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029.Dr. Sanchez-Reilly: Department of Medicine MC 7875, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFrom Albania to Zambia: Travel Back to Country of Origin as a Goal of Care for Terminally Ill PatientsI want to fly home: a terminal cancer patient's right to go home 21 December 2004Volume 141, Issue 12Page: 964-965KeywordsAmbulancesAscitesChildrenEmotionsHealth careHealth insuranceHearingMemoryOxygenPalliative care ePublished: 21 December 2004 Issue Published: 21 December 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...