tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coronary morphologic and clinical determinants of procedural outcome with angioplasty for multivessel coronary disease. Implications for patient selection. Multivessel Angioplasty Prognosis Study Group.
Authors: S G Ellis, M G Vandormael, M J Cowley, G DiSciascio, U Deligonul, E J Topol, T M Bulle
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To assess the likelihood of procedural success in patients with multivessel coronary disease undergoing percutaneous coronary angioplasty, 350 consecutive patients (1,100 stenoses) from four clinical sites were evaluated. Eighteen variables characterizing the severity and morphology of each stenosis and 18 patient-related variables were assessed at a core angiographic laboratory and at the clinical sites. Most patients had Canadian Cardiovascular Society class III or IV angina (72%) and two-vessel coronary disease (78%). Left ventricular function was generally well preserved (mean ejection fraction, 58 +/- 12%; range, 18-85%) and 1.9 +/- 1.0 stenoses per patient had attempted percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Procedural success (less than or equal to 50% final diameter stenosis in one or more stenoses and no major ischemic complications) was achieved in 290 patients (82.8%), and an additional nine patients (2.6%) had a reduction in diameter stenosis by 20% or more with a final diameter stenosis 51-60% and were without major complications. Major ischemic complications (death, myocardial infarction, or emergency bypass surgery) occurred in 30 patients (8.6%). In-hospital mortality was 1.1%. Stepwise regression analysis determined that a modified American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force (ACC/AHA) classification of the primary target stenosis (with type B prospectively divided into type B1 [one type B characteristic] and type B2 [greater than or equal to two type B characteristics]) and the presence of diabetes mellitus were the only variables independently predictive of procedural outcome (target stenosis modified ACC/AHA score; p less than 0.001 for both success and complications; diabetes mellitus: p = 0.003 for success and p = 0.016 for complications). Analysis of success and complications on a per stenosis dilated basis showed, for type A stenoses, a 92% success and a 2% complication rate; for type B1 stenoses, an 84% success and a 4% complication rate; for type B2 stenoses, a 76% success and a 10% complication rate; and for type C stenoses, a 61% success and a 21% complication rate. The subdivision into types B1 and B2 provided significantly more information in this clinically important intermediate risk group than did the standard ACC/AHA scheme. The stenosis characteristics of chronic total occlusion, high grade (80-99% diameter) stenosis, stenosis bend of more than 60 degrees, and excessive tortuosity were particularly predictive of adverse procedural outcome. This improved scheme may improve clinical decision making and provide a framework on which to base meaningful subgroup analysis in randomized trials assessing the efficacy of percutaneous coronary angioplasty.
Differentiated umbilical cord matrix stem cells as a new<i>in vitro</i>model to study early events during hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Massimiliano Paganelli, Kai Dallmeier, Omar Nyabi, Isabelle Scheers, Benoît Kabamba, Johan Neyts, Patrick Goubau, Mustapha Najimi, Etienne M. Sokal
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

The role of cell differentiation state on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication has been well demonstrated, whereas how it determines cell susceptibility to HBV entry is far less understood. We previously showed that umbilical cord matrix stem cells (UCMSC) can be differentiated towards hepatocyte-like cells in vitro. In this study we infected undifferentiated (UD-) and differentiated (D-) UCMSCs with HBV and studied the infection kinetics, comparing them to primary human hepatocytes (PHHs). UD-UCMSCs, although permissive to viral binding, had a very limited uptake capacity, whereas D-UCMSCs showed binding and uptake capabilities similar to PHHs. Likewise, asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) was up-regulated in UCMSCs upon differentiation. In D-UCMSCs, a dose-dependent inhibition of HBV binding and uptake was observed when ASGPR was saturated with known specific ligands. Subsequent viral replication was shown in D-UCMSCs but not in UD-UCMSCs. Susceptibility of UCMSCs to viral replication correlated with the degree of differentiation. Replication efficiency was low compared to PHHs, but was confirmed by (1) a dose-dependent inhibition by specific antiviral treatment using tenofovir; (2) the increase of viral RNAs along time; (3) de novo synthesis of viral proteins; and (4) secretion of infectious viral progeny.UCMSCs become supportive of the entire HBV life cycle upon in vitro hepatic differentiation. Despite low replication efficiency, D-UCMSCs proved to be fully capable of HBV uptake. Overall, UCMSCs are a unique human, easily available, nontransformed, in vitro model of HBV infection that could prove useful to study early infection events and the role of the cell differentiation state on such events.
Recurrence of Acromegaly After Pituitary Apoplexy
Authors: Philip L. Werner, Jayendra H. Shah, Subhash C. Kukreja, Scott M. Miller, Gerald A. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A 62-year-old woman with a history of acromegaly and an episode of pituitary apoplexy 18 years previously with subsequent biochemical and clinical inactivity of her acromegaly experienced a recurrence of active disease. Endocrine evaluation led to the discovery of hypopituitarism in association with hypersecretion of growth hormone. Patients with acromegaly and an episode of pituitary apoplexy with resultant inactive disease require long-term follow-up for the possibility of recurrence of active acromegaly. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2816-2818)
Coagulation and Transfusion in Clinical Medicine
Authors: Oscar D. Ratnoff
Journal: JAMA (1965)

It would be an interesting project to examine the forces which are responsible for the sudden appearance of many monographs written about essentially the same topic.<i>Coagulation and Transfusion in Clinical Medicine</i>, by Shirley Johnson and Tibor Greenwalt, is at least the 12th general text on hemorrhagic or thrombotic states in English to appear during the last five years, and I know of at least one more on the way. What distinguishes this book from the others? It has two major strengths. The first is a clear exposition of the authors' views concerning the importance of platelets in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic states, illustrated by exceptionally clear electron micrographs. The authors believe the von Willebrand's syndrome can be subdivided into two groups, those in which the prolonged bleeding time is due to faulty release of platelet factor 3 and those with what Schulman has called vascular hemophilia. In their experience,
Polycystic Disease of the Kidneys
Authors: GEORGE MORRIS PIERSOL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 April 1928Polycystic Disease of the KidneysGEORGE MORRIS PIERSOL, M.D.GEORGE MORRIS PIERSOL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-10-812 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough polycystic degeneration of the kidneys cannot be looked upon a rare disease, it may be regarded as relatively uncommon. Therefore, it seems justifiable to add to the group of reported cases.The frequency with which polycystic disease occurs may be judged from the following statistics. In 1887 Neumann (1) reported fourteen bilateral and two unilateral cases in 10,177 necropsies. Preitz in 1905 working up the Kiel Institute material found sixteen cases in 10,000 autopsies. Bugbee and Wolstein (2) in 4903 autopsies on children, recorded twenty cases. In 1927 Gruber at Jena collected eight bilateral cases in 3,500 postmortem examinations....References(1) NEUMANN : Inaug. Dis. Kiel, 1887. Google Scholar(2) BUGBEEWOLSTEIN : Jour. A. M. A. 33, pp. 1887, 1924. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(3) ATONNAMORRISEY : Annals of Surgery, 84, pp. 846. Dec. 26th, 1926. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar(4) CRAWFORD : Surg. Gyn. & Obstet., 26, pp. 185, Feb., 1923. Google Scholar(5) SIEBER : Deutsche Ztschr. f. Chir., 79, pp. 469, 1905. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(6) ATONNAMORRISEY : Loc. cit. Google Scholar(7) ROVSING : Am. Jour. Urol., 120, 8, 1912. Google Scholar(8) KAMPMEIER : Surg. Gyn. and Obstet., 36, pp. 208, 1923. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1928Volume 1, Issue 10Page: 812-818KeywordsAutopsyChildrenKidneys Issue Published: 1 April 1928 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Bone marrow–derived cells express matrix metalloproteinases and contribute to regression of liver fibrosis in mice
Authors: Reiichi Higashiyama, Yutaka Inagaki, Yun Yu Hong, Miwa Kushida, Sachie Nakao, Maki Niioka, Tetsu Watanabe, Hideyuki Okano, Yumi Matsuzaki, Goshi Shiota, Isao Okazaki
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Liver fibrosis is usually progressive, but it can occasionally be reversible if the causative agents are adequately removed or if patients are treated effectively. However, molecular mechanisms responsible for this reversibility of liver fibrosis have been poorly understood. To reveal the contribution of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells to the spontaneous regression of liver fibrosis, mice were treated with repeated carbon tetrachloride injections after hematopoietic reconstitution with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing BM cells. The distribution and characteristics of EGFP-positive (EGFP(+)) cells present in fibrotic liver tissue were examined at different time points after cessation of carbon tetrachloride intoxication. A large number of EGFP(+) cells were observed in liver tissue at peak fibrosis, which decreased during the recovery from liver fibrosis. Some of them, as well as EGFP-negative (EGFP(-)) liver resident cells, expressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and MMP-9. Whereas MMP-13 was transiently expressed mainly in the cells clustering in the periportal areas, MMP-9 expression and enzymatic activity were detected over the resolution process in several different kinds of cells located in the portal areas and along the fibrous septa. Therapeutic recruitment of BM cells by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment significantly enhanced migration of BM-derived cells into fibrotic liver and accelerated the regression of liver fibrosis. Experiments using transgenic mice overexpressing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) indicated that G-CSF and HGF synergistically increased MMP-9 expression along the fibrous septa.Autologous BM cells contribute to the spontaneous regression of liver fibrosis, and their therapeutic derivation could be a new treatment strategy for intractable liver fibrosis.
B cell insensitivity in a rat model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Evidence for a rapidly reversible effect of previous hyperglycemia.
Authors: V Grill, M Westberg, C G Ostenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

In perfused pancreas of rats rendered diabetic by streptozotocin injection (STZ) during neonatal age the insulin response to 27 mM glucose was significant but impaired. It was unaffected by the alpha adrenergic blocker phentolamine. When 27 mM mannoheptulose was added simultaneously with 27 mM glucose, insulin release was inhibited, but less promptly than in pancreases from non-diabetic rats. When mannoheptulose was introduced 15 min after starting perfusion with 27 mM glucose, inhibition was apparent in non-diabetic rats, but not in STZ. In non-diabetic rats perfusion without glucose for 40 min failed to affect the subsequent response to 27 mM glucose. Conversely, in STZ, glucose omission enhanced 3.7-fold the response to 27 mM glucose. Insulin release in response to 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) was more marked in STZ than in non-diabetic rats. After glucose omission the IBMX-induced response was, however, reduced (67%) in STZ, but not significantly (7%) in non-diabetic rats. Thus, glucopenia in vitro sensitizes B cells of STZ to glucose, but desensitizes them to IBMX. Abnormal responsiveness may be linked to metabolic consequences of B cell fuel abundance.
Variations in airborne pollen antigenic particles caused by meteorologic factors
Authors: E. Pehkonen, A. Rantio‐Lehtimäki
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Pehkonen E, Rantio‐Lehtimäki A. Variations in airborne pollen antigenic particles caused by meteorologic factors. High birch pollen antigenic activities in outdoor air samples were found in all particle sizes studied (&gt;7.2, 2.4–7.2, &lt;2.4 μm and molecular size class, with an ELISA modification). Sampling was done with a low‐volume, size‐selective bioaerosol sampler (SSBAS) simulating the human respiratory tract in both volume and fractionation. Airborne birch pollen counts for comparisons were obtained from a Burkard trap. No correlations were obtained between antigen concentrations in any particle size fraction and airborne pollen counts. The meteorologic factors studied differed clearly in their effect on antigenicity, depending on the size class studied. Likewise, the effect of meteorologic factors differed among the three study periods (period I, 4 weeks before the peak pollen season; period II, during the season; and period III, 4 weeks after the season). During the peak pollen period, temperature and relative humidity were the most important meteorologic factors. Before the season, large and very small particles predominated, medium‐sized particles being totally absent. The largest size class studied (containing all intact pollen grains) clearly reacted to changes in meteorologic factors; for smaller size classes, these factors were found to be less important, a fact which may make the forecasting of antigen concentrations in the air on the basis of meteorologic data impossible.
Increased frequency of the glucocorticoid receptor A3669G (rs6198) polymorphism in patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia
Authors: Lilian Varricchio, James Godbold, Stuart A. Scott, Carolyn Whitsett, Lydie Da Costa, Dagmar Pospisilova, Emanuela Garelli, Paola Quarello, Ugo Ramenghi, Anna Rita Migliaccio
Journal: Blood (2011)
Co-internalization of the p55 and p70 subunits of the high-affinity human interleukin 2 receptor. Evidence for a stable ternary receptor complex.
Authors: M R Fung, G Ju, W C Greene
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

The high-affinity IL-2-R complex is composed of at least two distinct IL-2-binding subunits, including p55 (Tac, IL-2-R alpha) and p70 (IL-2-R beta). Using a radiolabeled mAb specific for the p55 receptor subunit and cells expressing a homogeneous population of high-affinity binding sites, we demonstrate that p55 is co-internalized with p70 after IL-2 binding to the receptor complex. Endocytosis of p55 depends upon the presence of IL-2 in a form capable of effectively interacting with the p70 subunit. Whether IL-2 is required for high-affinity receptor assembly or triggering of the internalization of preassembled receptors remains unresolved. Together, these findings support the existence of a stable, high-affinity human IL-2-R membrane complex composed of at least the p55 and p70 receptor subunits and IL-2.
Some Determinants of Coronary Collateral Blood Flow in the Open-Chest Dog
Authors: A. A. KATTUS, D. E. GREGG
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

Dynamics of the coronary collateral circulation have been investigated by means of the retrograde flow technic. A principal determinant of retrograde flow appears to be the perfusion pressure irrespective of the rate of coronary inflow. Nitroglycerine, histamine and norepinephrine failed to augment retrograde flow. Reactive hyperemia and temporary myocardial ischemia resulted in a reduction of retrograde flow which could be due to active vasoconstriction or to myocardial stretching. Changes in heart rate and the onset of ventricular fibrillation did not alter retrograde flow, but low blood viscosity increased it.
Hay fever drug to be banned by the FDA
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has announced that it plans to ban terfenadine, a popular antihistamine which has been on the market since 1985.

In 1992, however, it became known that terfenadine may cause prolongation of the QT interval and trigger fatal ventricular arrhythmias. This side effect is seen when the drug is taken concomitantly with the antibiotics erythromycin and clarithromycin and with the antifungals ketoconazole …
Role of a pertussis toxin-sensitive protein in the modulation of canine Purkinje fiber automaticity.
Authors: M R Rosen, S F Steinberg, Y K Chow, J P Bilezikian, P Danilo
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We previously have shown that alpha-adrenergic stimulation of canine Purkinje fibers and rat ventricle decreases automaticity. Experiments on rat ventricular myocytes in tissue culture have suggested that the decrease in automaticity induced by alpha-adrenergic stimulation depends on the development of sympathetic innervation and the presence of a pertussis toxin-sensitive, 41-kDa guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-regulatory protein. In the present study, microelectrode and biochemical techniques were used to test the role of the pertussis toxin-sensitive protein and sympathetic innervation in modulating automaticity of adult canine Purkinje fibers. Fibers were incubated in Tyrode's solution alone or in Tyrode's solution plus pertussis toxin (0.1-0.5 microgram/ml) for 24 hours and were then superfused with phenylephrine. Phenylephrine in the 5 x 10(-9)-5 x 10(-8) M range induced a decrease in automaticity in 63% of the 16 fibers not treated with pertussis toxin and an increase in automaticity in 37%. The former group had a higher level of pertussis toxin-sensitive substrate by the [32P]nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation assay than the latter. In contrast, all fibers treated with pertussis toxin (0.5 microgram/ml) showed increased automaticity in response to phenylephrine and had no detectable pertussis toxin-sensitive substrate. Over the range of pertussis toxin concentrations studied, there was a smooth concentration-response relation between the substrate levels measured and the automatic response to phenylephrine. As ADP-ribosylatable substrate levels decreased, the percent of fibers showing an increase in automaticity increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Patients’ characterization, hospital course and clinical outcomes in five Italian respiratory intensive care units
Authors: Eva Polverino, Stefano Nava, Miquel Ferrer, Piero Ceriana, Enrico Clini, Elisa Spada, Ercole Zanotti, Ludovico Trianni, Luca Barbano, Claudio Fracchia, Bruno Balbi, Michele Vitacca
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
Patient commentary: Moving goalposts
Authors: E. Kempston
Journal: BMJ (2014)

I believe that I have had hypertension for about 10 years, but I have lost track. It may be longer. Although the length of time is a haze, one point is very clear in my mind: throughout the years the medical goalposts seem to have changed, and they keep on changing. For a patient, this is extremely confusing.

I am now 59 years old, my family is riddled with high blood pressure problems, and I have a continuous battle with my weight, although I am not obese. I work part time and am very bad at sitting still for long periods. I go through stressful periods, and I am sure …
Case 32-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Hilton A. Salhanick, Jaime Prat
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA 24-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of virilization.At the age of nine years she had an illness characterized by anorexia, hepatic enlargement, jaundice and hypergammaglobulinemia. The administration of cortisone was followed by improvement, but a marked cushingoid state developed. A test for lupuserythematosus (LE) cells was negative. A needleaspiration biopsy of the liver revealed chronic hepatitis with posthepatitic cirrhosis. 6-Mercaptopurine was given for several months but was discontinued because of leukopenia. Prednisone was administered, with improvement, and an emergency appendectomy three years later was well tolerated. The dose of prednisone was tapered gradually . . .
Cardiac Arrest Following Routine Venipuncture
Authors: Reuben Tizes
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In addition to the better known causes of reversible cardiac arrest,<sup>1</sup>one must also list the vasovagal reflex induced by routine venipuncture as being potentially able to cause this. The following case illustrates this point. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 44-year-old woman was examined in the office on Feb 8, 1975, for a general checkup. She offered no particular complaints at that time. The patient returned to the office the following day, fasting, in order to undergo routine venipuncture for routine blood chemistry determinations and a complete blood cell count. Both the patient and her husband stated that she was always upset about having blood drawn and usually fainted when it was done. The patient held the belief that it is dangerous to her health to have blood drawn. An appropriate explanation was given, and as a precaution, the patient was placed in a recumbent position
Relations between heart rate, ischemia, and drug therapy during daily life in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: J M McLenachan, F F Weidinger, J Barry, A Yeung, E G Nabel, M B Rocco, A P Selwyn
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that little if any increase in heart rate occurs 1 minute before the onset of ischemia in ambulant patients with coronary artery disease. This study tested the hypothesis that there are characteristic relations between heart rate and ischemia in ambulant patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-one patients with proven coronary disease demonstrated 212 episodes of ischemia during 504 hours of continuous monitoring of the electrocardiogram. An important increase in heart rate (from 74 +/- 11 to 90 +/- 14 beats/min, p less than 0.001) occurred between 5 and 30 minutes (not 1 minute) before the onset of ischemia. A significantly higher heart rate at onset of ischemia was seen during Bruce protocol exercise testing than during daily life (117 +/- 12 versus 95 +/- 15 beats/min, p less than 0.01). However, when a less-strenuous, but more prolonged, exercise protocol was used in a subgroup of patients (n = 12), ischemia occurred at a heart rate that was significantly lower than during the Bruce protocol (88 +/- 14 versus 103 +/- 15 beats/min, p less than 0.05) and was not significantly different from the threshold heart rate at onset of ischemia during daily life (88 +/- 14 versus 84 +/- 12 beats/min, p = NS). As part of two placebo-controlled trials, treatment with both propranolol and nitroglycerin altered the distribution of ischemic events by heart rate but in opposite directions. Although propranolol largely eliminated events occurring at high (greater than 100 beats/min) and moderate (80-100 beats/min) heart rates, the number of events at low (less than 80 beats/min) heart rates was increased. In contrast, nitroglycerin reduced episodes at low and moderate heart rates only. CONCLUSIONS Important increases in heart rate occur before the onset of ischemia during daily life, but this increase occurs much earlier than has been reported. Duration of heart rate increase appears to influence the heart rate threshold for ischemia, and this may contribute to the occurrence of ischemia at lower heart rates during daily life than during standard exercise testing. Last, different classes of drugs appear to have characteristic effects on ischemia occurring at different heart rates that may be useful in planning therapy.