tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4034: The role of CYP33 in MLL target gene repression
Authors: Steven Poppen, Manuel Diaz
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract This study further elucidates the role of CYP33 in gene transcription by studying the effects of CYP33 overexpression and siRNA-mediated down-regulation on the expression of MLL target genes such as c-MYC, p21, p27, and HOXA9. CYP33 is a cis-trans prolyl isomerase (PPIase) which mediates repression of HOX gene expression after binding to the 3rd PHD finger of MLL through its own RRM domain. Upon binding to MLL, CYP33 increases recruitment of HDAC to the MLL repression domain which in turn leads to deacetylation of histone H3. This ultimately causes repression of MLL target genes (Xia et al. 2003). Chromosomal translocations involving the MLL gene (Mixed Lineage Leukemia) can lead to the production of fusion proteins with any of more than 60 different partner proteins and is implicated in the initiation of leukemia. Expression of MLL fusion proteins leads to increased expression of MLL target genes such as HOXA7, HOXA9 and MEIS1 (Hess et al., 2010). MLL-fusion proteins lack the 3rd PHD finger and therefore, lose their ability to bind CYP33; in the presence of these fusion proteins CYP33 can no longer repress MLL target genes. A mutation in CYP33's PPIase domain, leads to an enzymatically inactive CYP33 which can still bind to MLL. Upon overexpression of MLL and CYP33, HDAC is recruited to the MLL complex, as demonstrated by co-immunopreciptiation. However, when the CYP33 PPIase mutant is overexpressed, the lack of PPIase activity prevents the recruitment of HDAC to MLL. As a consequence the chromatin retains the acetylation mark on histone H3 and, although the CYP33 PPIase mutant binds MLL, no repression of MLL target genes is observed. Conversely, upon knockdown of wild-type CYP33, MLL target gene expression and H3K27Ac are increased. This study aids in the understanding of how MLL and CYP33 modulate gene function and helps to identify some of the mechanisms involved in hematopoietic development and leukemia. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4034. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4034
Interpractice audit of diagnosis and management of hypertension in primary care: educational intervention and review of medical records
Authors: M. Mashru, A. Lant
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine whether peer review medical audit in a primary care setting changes clinical behaviour in relation to the management of hypertension. <b>Design:</b> Review of medical records in general practices to identify hypertensive patients followed up by assessment of the pre-educational and post-educational management of interventions. <b>Setting:</b> Six general practices in north west London picked at random within defined criteria of geography and size. <b>Subjects:</b> 740 hypertensive patients managed by 25 different general practitioners. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Improved level of care in terms of better diagnosis by having at least three blood pressure readings before the start of drug treatment, better level of recordings of lifestyle parameters as shown by the level of recordings of body mass index and total lipid values, and better control of blood pressure and harm minimisation as shown by the level of recordings of urea and electrolyte values. <b>Results:</b> Improvement was noted in the level of recordings of body mass index, total lipid concentrations, and urea and electrolyte values but not in better diagnosis or blood pressure control. <b>Conclusion:</b> Clinical behaviour of general practitioners can be changed by peer review but more complex behavioural changes which require the cooperation of the patients and cognitive actions by the general practitioners need further investigation. <h3>Key messages</h3> Peer review can significantly change the clinical behaviour of general practitioners with respect to undertaking simple diagnostic procedures, recording lifestyle variables, and carrying out laboratory measurements Attempts to improve control of blood pressure by general practitioners is a target less easily achieved A primary care study has shown that despite an active education programme over two years the proportion of treated patients whose blood pressure was controlled to &lt;160/90 mm Hg remained at only one third
1005-44 Vascular brachytherapy with 192iridium after femoropopliteal stenting in high-risk patients: Results from the vienna-5 trial
Authors: Roswitha M Wolfram, Alexandra C Budinsky, Boris Pokrajac, Schila Sabeti, Andrea Bartok, Richard Poetter, Erich Minar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Effect of terfenadine and budesonide on nasal symptoms, olfaction, and nasal airway patency following allergen challenge
Authors: O. Hilberg
Journal: Allergy (1995)

The study investigated the effect of the oral H 1 ‐blocker terfenadine on allergen challenge in subjects with nasal allergy in comparison with the topical steroid, budesonide. A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, crossover study with 3 experimental days was performed outside the pollen season. Seventeen nonsmokers with hay fever ‘symptoms, positive skin prick test, and RAST against timothy) were treated for 14 days before each experimental day, where the response to nasal challenge with four different concentrations of timothy was measured every 15 min for 6 h. The nasal cavity dimensions were measured by acoustic rhianometry and the olfactory function as the threshold for the sense of smell of butanol. Nasal symptoms were determined by questionnaires. Both terfenadine and budesonide dry powder had an effect on the hay fever symptoms during nasal pollen challenge. Terfenadine was more efficient than budesonide against histamine‐mediated symptoms such as sneezing and itching. Budesonide increased nasal airway dimensions better than terfenadine ‘ P &lt; 0.01). A marked effect of budesonide was seen 1‐2 h after challenge, suggesting an effect on ‘early late phase’ reaction in the nose. In 7/17 subjects, a significant ‘ P &lt; 0.05) improvement of olfactory function after budesonide treatment was seen. In conclusion, topical steroid ‘budesonide) is superior to antihistamine ‘terfenadine) in treatment of nasal congestion in hay fever, especially for the postchallenge reaction, and may, in some cases, relieve the decreased sense of smell during pollen challenge.
Drug review, approval process changing
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The FDA made news this year when it put into effect substantial revisions of the regulations that govern the drug review and approval process. The revisions have altered the way drug manufacturers submit marketing applications, making them smaller and more focused on the needs of particular reviewers; emphasized the FDA's willingness to rely on good foreign data; required that the safety part of pending marketing applications be updated while the applications were under review; and, in general, were designed to make the review process more efficient without impairing its quality. The operating units of the FDA most affected by the new regulations, says Robert J. Temple, MD, director of the Office of Drug Research and Review, are his office and its counterpart for biologics, the Office of Biologics Research and Review. These two units are responsible for the evaluation and approval or nonapproval of all new drugs and biologics. When
Gene expression in PBMC from severe atopic dermatitis patients assessed by high-density oligonucleotide arrays
Authors: Masayuki Heishi, Shinji Kagaya, T Katsunuma, Akira Akasawa, Akiko Nakada, Yoshihiro Yayoi, Hiroko Katayama, Tadahiro Oshida, Yuji Sugita, Hirohisa Saito
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Surgical Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Paul C. Adkins
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<b>Cardiac Surgery</b>, edited by John C. Norman (56 contributors), 603 pp, with illus, paper $9.75, cloth $15, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967. <i>Surgical Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease</i>is a straightforward accounting of the authors' experience with 3,243 patients having operable, congenital heart lesions. The initial chapter considers the selection of the approach for correcting different abnormalities and the technique of cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass. Then a section on each major anomaly outlines the historical background (when applicable), major points of embryology, diagnosis, and indications for operation. Appropriate roentgenograms, illustrating the various lesions, accompany each section. The authors and their associates set forth in detail their surgical techniques, and the excellent drawings of Herbert R. Smith greatly enhance the text. Surgical results, mortality, and postoperative complications are enumerated for each abnormality, and pertinent references supplement each section. The presentation of this material is clear, concise, and readable and
Initial Dose of Antidepressant and Suicidal Behavior in Youth
Authors: David A. Brent, Robert Gibbons
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
ADA-deficient SCID is associated with a specific microenvironment and bone phenotype characterized by RANKL/OPG imbalance and osteoblast insufficiency
Authors: Aisha V. Sauer, Emanuela Mrak, Raisa Jofra Hernandez, Elena Zacchi, Francesco Cavani, Miriam Casiraghi, Eyal Grunebaum, Chaim M. Roifman, Maria C. Cervi, Alessandro Ambrosi, Filippo Carlucci, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Anna Villa, Alessandro Rubinacci, Alessandro Aiuti
Journal: Blood (2009)
Dietary Cadmium Exposure and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bettina Julin, Alicja Wolk, Leif Bergkvist, Matteo Bottai, Agneta Åkesson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The ubiquitous food contaminant cadmium has features of an estrogen mimetic that may promote the development of estrogen-dependent malignancies, such as breast cancer. However, no prospective studies of cadmium exposure and breast cancer risk have been reported. We examined the association between dietary cadmium exposure (at baseline, 1987) and the risk of overall and estrogen receptor (ER)–defined (ER+ or ER−) breast cancer within a population-based prospective cohort of 55,987 postmenopausal women. During an average of 12.2 years of follow-up, 2,112 incident cases of invasive breast cancer were ascertained (1,626 ER+ and 290 ER−). After adjusting for confounders, including consumption of whole grains and vegetables (which account for 40% of the dietary exposure, but also contain putative anticarcinogenic phytochemicals), dietary cadmium intake was positively associated with overall breast cancer tumors, comparing the highest tertile with the lowest [rate ratio (RR), 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.36; Ptrend = 0.02]. Among lean and normal weight women, statistically significant associations were observed for all tumors (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07–1.50) and for ER+ tumors (RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.03–1.52) and similar, but not statistically significant associations were found for ER− tumors (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.76–1.93). The risk of breast cancer increased with increasing cadmium exposure similarly within each tertile of whole grain/vegetable consumption and decreased with increasing consumption of whole grain/vegetables within each tertile of cadmium exposure (Pinteraction = 0.73). Overall, these results suggest a role for dietary cadmium in postmenopausal breast cancer development. Cancer Res; 72(6); 1459–66. ©2012 AACR.
PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS OF SUBDURAL HEMATOMA AND EFFUSION FROM BLAST
Authors: WALTER D. ABBOTT, FLOYD O. DUE, WILLIAM A. NOSIK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1943)

1. Subdural hematoma and effusion are complications of high-explosive blast injuries. 2. Diagnosis of these conditions depends primarily on psychiatric estimation of personality changes and intellectual impairment. Neurological abnormalities are absent in approximately 80 per cent of the cases. 3. The Shipley-Hartford Retreat Scale and the Rorschach test are effective aids in the diagnosis of this condition. 4. Pneumoencephalograms demonstrate absence of cortical markings in the involved area. 5. Improvement following evacuation of the fluid is demonstrated clinically, by the Shipley-Hartford Retreat Test, and by means of the Rorschach technique.
THE PROLIFERATIVE AND ANAMNESTIC ANTIBODY RESPONSE OF RABBIT LYMPHOID CELLS IN VITRO
Authors: E. B. Jacobson, G. J. Thorbecke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1969)

Popliteal lymph nodes were obtained from rabbits 4 days to 9 months after a primary injection of diphtheria toxoid or bovine gamma-globulin into the footpad. The ability of cells from these nodes to proliferate upon reexposure to antigen in vitro was compared to the height of the secondary response produced by tissue fragments. In addition, a comparison was made between the responsiveness of draining and contralateral lymph nodes. While the secondary antibody response in vitro increased markedly with the time after immunization at which the lymph nodes were taken from the animals, the degree of proliferation induced by antigen was highest with cells from lymph nodes taken early after priming (peak day 7) and was very much lower with lymph node cells taken longer than 3 wk after priming. This striking difference between these two responses has been discussed. Contralateral lymph nodes were much inferior to draining nodes in their ability to give a secondary antibody response in vitro, and never gave a detectable proliferative response. This difference became less marked with time after priming, but could still be demonstrated after 4 months. These results suggest a concentration of primed cells in the lymphoid tissue draining the site of injection, and a slow release of these cells into the circulation, to be distributed to the remaining lymphoid tissue.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE PROBLEMS PECULIAR TO THE PACIFIC COAST
Authors: PAUL A. TURNER
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Health problems all over the United States are similar, but in different areas the magnitude of the problems vary to a considerable degree. Malaria, for instance, a real problem in the South, is not one in the Northwest. Botulism, there almost an unknown disease, is the subject of continuous investigation in the West. It is well known that the virulence of the ordinary communicable diseases varies in different sections, and it is possible that individuals living in a certain environment may have an increased resistance to these diseases that they would not possess if they lived elsewhere. I have been asked many times why the mortality rate in communicable diseases is so low in the Northwest. It is not because of acquired immunity, as the slums and excessive crowding of the East are not in evidence. It is true that the Western people, having come largely from the older sections
Where Are the Health Care Cost Savings?
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: JAMA (2012)

AS OF JULY 2010, THE UNITED STATES SPENT $2.6 TRILlion per year on health care. It is not just the level of spending that is of concern but the rate of growth over time.During the last30years, thegrowth inUS healthcarespendinghasbeen2.1%moreperyear thangrowth in gross domestic product (GDP). This is why the percentage of GDP attributable to health has nearly doubled in 30 years. At this rate, projections suggest that by 2040 1 of every 3 dollarswillbespentonhealthcareandby2080, itwillbenearly 1ofevery2dollars. In2010,theentireGDPofFrancewas$2.58 trillion,theworld’s fifth-largesteconomy.ThatmeansUShealth carespendingisequivalent totheworld’s fifth-largesteconomy.
Binding of polychlorinated biphenyls to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Authors: S A Kafafi, H Y Afeefy, A H Ali, H K Said, A G Kafafi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

A new thermodynamic model for calculating the dissociation constants of complexes formed between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is reported. The free energies of binding of PCBs to AhR are controlled by their lipophilicities, electron affinities, and entropies. The corresponding physicochemical properties of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans also control their interactions with AhR. We present evidence supporting the hypothesis that the majority of PCBs are likely to interact with AhR in their nonplanar conformations. In addition, we demonstrate that the affinities of PCBs for AhR relative to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin correlate with corresponding toxic equivalency factors in animals. The reported methodology is likely to be applicable to other polyhalogenated and mixed polyhalogenated bi- and terphenyls and related xenobiotics; thus, it could minimize the number of in vivo studies in laboratory animals and facilitate the identification of potentially hazardous aromatic xenobiotics.
Impaired coronary dilator responses to substance P and impaired flow-dependent dilator responses in heart transplant patients with graft vasculopathy
Authors: Andreas Mügge, Bernd Heublein, Michaela Kuhn, Carsten Nolte, Axel Haverich, Jörg Warnecke, Wolf-Georg Forssmann, Paul R. Lichtlen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Correction: The Effect of Rural-to-Urban Migration on Obesity and Diabetes in India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shah Ebrahim, Sanjay Kinra, Liza Bowen, Elizabeth Andersen, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Tanica Lyngdoh, Lakshmy Ramakrishnan, R. C. Ahuja, Prashant Joshi, S. Mohan Das, Murali Mohan, George Davey Smith, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, K. Srinath Reddy
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Background: Migration from rural areas of India contributes to urbanisation and may increase the risk of obesity and diabetes.We tested the hypotheses that rural-to-urban migrants have a higher prevalence of obesity and diabetes than rural nonmigrants, that migrants would have an intermediate prevalence of obesity and diabetes compared with life-long urban and rural dwellers, and that longer time since migration would be associated with a higher prevalence of obesity and of diabetes. Methods and Findings:The place of origin of people working in factories in north, central, and south India was identified.Migrants of rural origin, their rural dwelling sibs, and those of urban origin together with their urban dwelling sibs were assessed by interview, examination, and fasting blood samples.Obesity, diabetes, and other cardiovascular risk factors were compared.A total of 6,510 participants (42% women) were recruited.Among urban, migrant, and rural men the age-and factory-adjusted percentages classified as obese (body mass index [BMI] .25 kg/m 2 ) were 41.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 39.1-44.7),37.8% (95% CI 35.0-40.6), and 19.0% (95% CI 17.0-21.0),respectively, and as diabetic were 13.5% (95% CI 11.6-15.4),14.3% (95% CI 12.2-16.4),and 6.2% (95% CI 5.0-7.4),respectively.Findings for women showed similar patterns.Rural men had lower blood pressure, lipids, and fasting blood glucose than urban and migrant men, whereas no differences were seen in women.Among migrant men, but not women, there was weak evidence for a lower prevalence of both diabetes and obesity among more recent (#10 y) migrants.Conclusions: Migration into urban areas is associated with increases in obesity, which drive other risk factor changes.Migrants have adopted modes of life that put them at similar risk to the urban population.Gender differences in some risk factors by place of origin are unexpected and require further exploration.
A new large-caliber trocar for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy by the introducer technique in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: J. Giordano-Nappi, F. Maluf-Filho, S. Ishioka, F. Hondo, S. Matuguma, M. Simas de Lima, M. Lera dos Santos, F. Retes, P. Sakai
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

In many patients, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) can be limited by digestive tract stenosis. PEG placement using an introducer is the safest alternative for this group of patients, but the available devices are difficult to implement and require smaller-caliber tubes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the modification of an introducer technique device for PEG placement with regard to the following: procedure feasibility, possibility of using a 20-Fr balloon gastrostomy tube, tube-related function and problems, complications, procedure safety, and mortality.
Conversion from regular cyclosporin to microemulsion cyclosporin following heart transplantation
Authors: Alain L. Héroux, Marie-Hélène LeBlanc, Danielle Beaudoin, Serge Simard, Denis A. Coulombe, Onil Gleeton, Michel D. Lemieux, Daniel P. Doyle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Relation between Plasma Leptin Levels and Measures of Body Fat in Identical Twins Discordant for Obesity
Authors: Tapani Ronnemaa
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Plasma levels of leptin, the recently discovered satiety hormone, are associated with adiposity in humans. Objective: To determine whether genetic factors or body fat distribution affect the association between leptin levels and obesity. Participants: 23 healthy identical twin pairs (9 male pairs and 14 female pairs, 33 to 59 years of age) who were discordant for obesity (average weight difference, 18 kg). Measurements: Fasting plasma leptin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Distribution of abdominal fat into visceral and subcutaneous compartments was estimated by use of magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Plasma leptin levels were threefold higher in obese twins than in lean twins (mean ±SD, 18.7 ± 12.5 µg/L compared with 6.4 ± 4.8 µg/L; P < 0.001); a similar difference was seen when the entire study group was divided according to sex. Compared with lean twins, plasma leptin levels were 3.7-fold higher in the obese twins who had visceral fat accumulation greater than the median and 2.1-fold higher in the obese twins who had visceral fat accumulation less than the median. The intrapair differences in leptin levels correlated with the corresponding differences in percentage of body fat in women (r = 0.73; P = 0.003) but not in men and correlated with differences in visceral fat area in men (r = 0.79; P = 0.019) and women (r = 0.73; P = 0.007). In multiple regression analyses that included intrapair differences in visceral fat area and total body fat, the association between differences in visceral fat area and leptin levels was significant in men (P = 0.029) but not in women. Conclusions: Plasma leptin levels are increased in obese persons, independent of genetic background. Visceral fat may be of special importance in the regulation of leptin levels, but it is probably less important in women than in men.