tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A 41-Year-Old Woman With Menorrhagia, Anemia, and Fibroids
Authors: Bradley Van Voorhis
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Uterine fibroids are common tumors that can cause heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pressure symptoms, and reproductive disorders. The incidence of fibroids peaks in the fifth decade of age and they are more common in African American women. Often, fibroids are asymptomatic and require no treatment. However, the case of Ms P, a 41-year-old woman with recurrent uterine fibroids, menorrhagia, anemia, and fatigue who wishes to retain fertility, illustrates the symptoms that require treatment. Evaluation usually begins with a pelvic examination and an ultrasound to determine both the size and location of the fibroids within the uterus. Standard treatment of symptomatic fibroids is surgical removal by myomectomy or hysterectomy, depending in part on the desire for future fertility; new treatment options include uterine artery embolization via interventional radiologic techniques as well as various medical interventions. Several new therapies show promise but are still experimental at this time. The evidence for treatment options for Ms P and symptomatic patients with fibroids in general is discussed.
Release of Adenosine from Human Hearts during Angina Induced by Rapid Atrial Pacing
Authors: Arthur C. Fox, George E. Reed, Ephraim Glassman, Alfred J. Kaltman, Barbara B. Silk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

This study was designed to determine whether human hearts release adenosine, a possible regulator of coronary flow, during temporary myocardial ischemia and, if so, to examine the mechanisms involved. Release of adenosine from canine hearts had been reported during reactive hyperemia following brief coronary occlusion, and we initially confirmed this observation in six dogs hearts. Angina was then produced in 15 patients with anginal syndrome and severe coronary atherosclerosis by rapid atrial pacing during diagnostic studies. In 13 of these patients, adenosine appeared in coronary sinus blood, at a mean level of 40 nmol/100 ml blood (SE = +/-9). In 11 of these 13, adenosine was not detectable in control or recovery samples; when measured, there was concomitant production of lactate and minimal leakage of K(+), but no significant release of creatine phosphokinase, lactic acid dehydrogenase, creatine, or Na(+). THERE WAS NO DETECTABLE RELEASE OF ADENOSINE BY HEARTS DURING PACING OR EXERCISE IN THREE CONTROL GROUPS OF PATIENTS: nine with anginal syndrome and severe coronary atherosclerosis who did not develop angina or produce lactate during rapid pacing, five with normal coronaries and no myocardial disease, and three with normal coronaries but with left ventricular failure. The results indicate that human hearts release significant amounts of adenosine during severe regional myocardial ischemia and anaerobic metabolism. Adenosine release might provide a useful supplementary index of the early effects of ischemia on myocardial metabolism, and might influence regional coronary flow during or after angina pectoris.
Characteristics of Lentiviral Vectors Harboring the Proximal Promoter of the vav Proto-oncogene: A Weak and Efficient Promoter for Gene Therapy
Authors: Elena Almarza, Paula Río, Nestor W Meza, Montserrat Aldea, Xabier Agirre, Guillermo Guenechea, José C Segovia, Juan A Bueren
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Recent published data have shown the efficacy of gene therapy treatments of certain monogenic diseases. Risks of insertional oncogenesis, however, indicate the necessity of developing new vectors with weaker or cell-restricted promoters to minimize the trans-activation activity of integrated proviruses. We have inserted the proximal promoter of the vav proto-oncogene into self-inactivating lentiviral vectors (vav-LVs) and investigated the expression pattern and therapeutic efficacy of these vectors. Compared with other LVs frequently used in gene therapy, vav-LVs mediated a weak, though homogeneous and stable, expression in in vitro-cultured cells. Transplantation experiments using transduced mouse bone marrow and human CD34(+) cells confirmed the stable activity of the promoter in vivo. To investigate whether the weak activity of this promoter was compatible with a therapeutic effect, a LV expressing the Fanconi anemia A (FANCA) gene was constructed (vav-FANCA LV). Although this vector induced a low expression of FANCA, compared to the expression induced by a LV harboring the spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) promoter, the two vectors corrected the phenotype of cells from a patient with FA-A with the same efficacy. We propose that self-inactivating vectors harboring weak promoters, such as the vav promoter, will improve the safety of gene therapy and will be of particular interest for the treatment of diseases where a high expression of the transgene is not required.
The Effect of Repeated Tappings on Hydrocephalus
Authors: J. Hern
Journal: BMJ (1893)

suture but will in course of time cause movement in the stomachl wall or set up vomiting, tlhus interfering with that complete rest so niecesary for repair.Vtarious suggestions have been made as to the best way to treat the perforation, and wlhile it may lnot be possible to fol- low out one plan in all cases we must favour that method which, while it is efficient, will make the least demand upon the patient's power of enduranice.Tlihe most radical method is to excise the ulcer witlh its indurated base and then suture up the rent.This plain, hlowever, does not commend itself favourably to me for various reasons:1.It necessitates the removal of a considerable portion of the stomach wall, consequently the difficulty of efficierntly closing this will be great.2. It must cause free haimorrhage, and the patient is not in a condition to stand any loss of blood.3. This liemorrliage will cause a waste of valutable time.Closure of thc P-erforation wvithout its JiRenoial.-This seems to offer in many cases the most satisfactory plan of treatment.To carry this out, the stomachl must be drawn up as near the surface of the body as possible, to facilitate wlhihl it may be necessary to enlarge the abdominal incision.In
Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase-mediated suicide gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma using HIV-1-derived lentiviral vectors
Authors: Rene Gerolami, Rathviro Uch, Jamila Faivre, Stephane Garcia, Jean Hardwigsen, Jorge Cardoso, Sylvie Mathieu, Claude Bagnis, Christian Brechot, Patrice Mannoni
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Lymph Node Evaluation and Survival After Curative Resection of Colon Cancer: Systematic Review
Authors: G. J. Chang, M. A. Rodriguez-Bigas, J. M. Skibber, V. A. Moyer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

BackgroundAdequate lymph node evaluation for cancer involvement is important for prognosis and treatment of patients with colon cancer. The number of lymph nodes evaluated may be a measure of quality in colon cancer care and appears to be inadequate in most patients treated for colon cancer. We performed a systematic review of the evidence for the association between lymph node evaluation and oncologic outcomes in patients with colon cancer.
Severe iron overload in Blackfan‐Diamond anemia: A case‐control study
Authors: Simona Roggero, Paola Quarello, Tiziana Vinciguerra, Filomena Longo, Antonio Piga, Ugo Ramenghi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Chronic iron overload is a serious complication in transfusion-dependent patients. Few studies have addressed this issue in Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA). We describe a retrospective analysis of iron overload, and its related complications in 31 transfusion-dependent Italian DBA patients whose records included one or more evaluation of liver iron concentration (LIC) by means of noninvasive magnetic liver susceptometry with a superconductive quantum interference device (SQUID). This cohort is also matched with a group of transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia major patients to look for differences. A severe iron overload was observed in 54% patients, especially among those inadequately chelated. The DBA patients displayed a significantly higher LIC than the regularly chelated beta-thalassemics. This difference may have been attributable to nonoptimal chelation (late onset, type, dose, prescription, and compliance), or an unknown biological mechanism that lead to an early severe iron overload. We therefore suggest that all transfusion patients should have an accurate record of their iron intake, a regular monitoring of iron overload, in order to start chelation when a critical transfusion load is reached, and to test the efficacy/compliance of chelation treatment. Physicians taking care of transfusion-dependent DBA patients must be concerned about the frequent and early complications such as cardiac toxicity. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study of Catheter-Based Myocardial Gene Transfer for Therapeutic Angiogenesis Using Left Ventricular Electromechanical Mapping in Patients With Chronic Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Peter R. Vale, Douglas W. Losordo, Charles E. Milliken, Maria C. McDonald, Laura M. Gravelin, Cynthia M. Curry, Darryl D. Esakof, Michael Maysky, James F. Symes, Jeffrey M. Isner
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Catheter-based myocardial gene transfer (GTx) has not been previously tested in human subjects. Accordingly, we performed a pilot study to investigate the feasibility and safety of catheter-based myocardial GTx of naked plasmid DNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (phVEGF-2) in patients with chronic myocardial ischemia. Methods and Results —A steerable, deflectable 8F catheter incorporating a 27-guage needle was advanced percutaneously to the left ventricular myocardium of 6 patients with chronic myocardial ischemia. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive phVEGF-2 (total dose, 200 μg), which was administered as 6 injections into ischemic myocardium (total, 6.0 mL), or placebo (mock procedure). Injections were guided by NOGA left ventricular electromechanical mapping. Patients initially randomized to placebo became eligible for phVEGF-2 GTx if they had no clinical improvement 90 days after their initial procedure. Catheter injections (n=36) caused no changes in heart rate or blood pressure. No sustained ventricular arrhythmias, ECG evidence of infarction, or ventricular perforations were observed. phVEGF-2–transfected patients experienced reduced angina (before versus after GTx, 36.2±2.3 versus 3.5±1.2 episodes/week) and reduced nitroglycerin consumption (33.8±2.3 versus 4.1±1.5 tablets/week) for up to 360 days after GTx; reduced ischemia by electromechanical mapping (mean area of ischemia, 10.2±3.5 versus 2.8±1.6 cm 2 , P =0.04); and improved myocardial perfusion by SPECT-sestamibi scanning for up to 90 days after GTx when compared with images obtained after control procedure. Conclusions —This randomized trial of catheter-based phVEGF-2 myocardial GTx provides preliminary indications regarding the feasibility, safety, and potential efficacy of percutaneous myocardial GTx to human left ventricular myocardium.
Cat sensitivity: 7-yr audit in children attending a paediatric allergy clinic in North Italy
Authors: L Pescollderungg, A Pietrobelli, AL Boner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

Sensitivity to cats and exposure to cat allergen is a common cause of asthma exacerbation in children. To date, there is no data on the prevalence of cat sensitivity in children living in North Italy. Therefore, a 7-yr survey was performed in patients attending an allergy clinic for the first time. Skin prick tests (SPT) for perennial allergens and for pollens relevant to the region were performed in 4,957 children attending the outpatient clinic 1992-1998. A questionnaire on present or past cat ownership was presented to all cat-skin prick test positive children. An evaluation of cat ownership on the general population was made by telephone interview on a random sample of 1,268 families living in the same area. With a 3-mm wheal as a positive cut-off 439 (8.85%) children had a positive SPT to cats. Of these 103 (23.4%) had a cat at home and 336 (76.6%) never had a cat in the house. With a greater positive cut-off(a wheal diameter &gt; or =4 mm) 140 (2.8%) showed a positive SPT to cats of these 35 (25%) had a cat at home and 105 (75%) had only an indirect exposure to the pet. Of the telephone interviewed families; 16% stated they had a cat at home. Cat sensitivity is less prevalent in Italy, in this hospital based population, compared with other European countries and this is in agreement with a lower rate of cat ownership. Cat sensitivity was three times more frequent in children who never had a cat at home, than in children living with cats, when the selected positive cut-off was either a wheal diameter of 3 mm or &gt; or =4 mm. Thus in a population with a low prevalence of cat ownership public exposure seems to be more important than domestic exposure for the development of sensitivity.
Thiomersal doesn't cause developmental disorders
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Two studies report that vaccines that contain thiomersal do not cause behavioural problems or developmental delay in young children. The studies, published in Pediatrics , are the University of Bristol's Avon longitudinal study of parents and children ( Pediatrics 2004;114: 577-83) and a review article by US authors (2004;114:793-804

The Bristol study, also known as the “children of the 90s” study, is the largest of its kind in the world. It followed nearly 13 000 children …
GALLSTONES IN THE COMMON DUCT.
Authors: ARCHIBALD MACLAREN
Journal: JAMA (1904)

intestines and do a side-to-side anastomosis; or should he close the end of the colon and implant the end of the ilenni into its side, thereby imitating the natural junction of the ileum and cecum; or should he bevel the end of the small intestine to make its circumference like that of the colon and do an end-to- end anastomosis?If he decided to use a mechanical device fol¬ lile anastomosis, he Avould have to decide betAveen those AA'hich are removed at the time of the operation, as, for instance, the Laplace clamp, and those which are to be left in the lumen of the boAvel, Avhether a button, a bobbin or a bone plate; and so it behooves every man Avho operates for appendicitis to equip himself with some definite plan for doing these more serious operations which may suddenly come to him as a surprise.Dr. A. J. Ochsner, Chicago-No surgeon has a very large per¬ sonal experience in the excision of the cecum, ascending colon
Attitudes to early rheumatoid arthritis: changing patterns. Results of a survey
Authors: D Aletaha
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<b>Objective:</b> To determine if rheumatologists have changed their views on diagnosis and treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <b>Methods:</b> Three consecutive questionnaires were sent out to international rheumatologists in 1997, 2000, and 2003. The following aspects of early RA were covered: definition; patient referral time; diagnostic means; follow up intervals; and treatment strategies. All initial participants who responded to at least one of the follow up surveys were included in the analysis. <b>Results:</b> RA is now defined by a smaller number of affected joints (monarthritis: 9.8% respondents in 1997 <i>v</i> 17.4% in 2003), and shorter symptom duration (&lt;3 months: 65.5% in 1997 <i>v</i> 85.8% in 2003). Early referrals (&lt;6 weeks) increased (8.9% in 1997 <i>v</i> 17.4% in 2003). Serological test for diagnosis was mostly rheumatoid factor (100% in 2003), but anti-CCP was already used by 17.4% in 2003. Follow up of patients with early RA intensified (every 2 weeks: 16.1% in 1997 <i>v</i> 30.4% in 2003; every month: 47.8% in 2003 <i>v</i> 64.3% in 1997). Treatment with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) mainly comprised methotrexate, sulfasalazine, and antimalarial drugs. Leflunomide was among the two favourite DMARDs of 10.9% in 2003, whereas no biological agent was so. In 2003, 46.7% respondents started treatment with DMARDs if RA was suspected (30.9% in 1997); no one waited for erosions to occur (7.3% in 1997). <b>Conclusion:</b> The data obtained in this study suggest that the concept of diagnosing and treating RA early is accepted by a large proportion of the rheumatological community.
APPENDICITIS, WITH REPORT OF ONE CASE; ILLUSTRATED.
Authors: A. C. LAMOTHE RAMSAY
Journal: JAMA (1890)

This case is a beautiful illustration of what Senn says in his masterly article on "Ulcerative Appendicitis" (in Vol. xiii, No. 18 ofTHE JOURNAL): "Many patients suffer from well-defined symptoms indicative of the presence of an inflammatory lesion of the appendix for months and years before it gives rise to a perityphlitis or perforati ve peritonitis." Peter R., æt. 27, student, consulted me at my office December 14, for a vague recurring pain in the lower part of the abdomen of four years' duration. He attributed it to running one day, when he felt something give way in the ilio-cæcal region. He was a strong, muscular young man with a good family history, and besides those pains had never been sick. The pains had never caused vomiting except once, two years ago. His pulse was 82; temp. 37.7° C. Examination revealed no tympanitis, no swelling in ileo-cæcal region, and
XANTHOMA TUBEROSUM MULTIPLEX, WITH LESIONS IN THE HEART AND TENDON-SHEATHS
Authors: R. CRANSTON LOW
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1910)

Journal Article XANTHOMA TUBEROSUM MULTIPLEX, WITH LESIONS IN THE HEART AND TENDON‐SHEATHS Get access R. CRANSTON LOW, M.B., F.R.C.P.Edin. R. CRANSTON LOW, M.B., F.R.C.P.Edin. Assistant Physician to the Skin‐Department of the Royal Infirmary, EdinburghLaboratory of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 22, Issue 4, 1 April 1910, Pages 109–118, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1910.tb16614.x Published: 01 April 1910
Abnormalities of the large ribosomal subunit protein, Rpl35a, in Diamond-Blackfan anemia
Authors: Jason E. Farrar, Michelle Nater, Emi Caywood, Michael A. McDevitt, Jeanne Kowalski, Clifford M. Takemoto, C. Conover Talbot, Paul Meltzer, Diane Esposito, Alan H. Beggs, Hal E. Schneider, Agnieszka Grabowska, Sarah E. Ball, Edyta Niewiadomska, Colin A. Sieff, Adrianna Vlachos, Eva Atsidaftos, Steven R. Ellis, Jeffrey M. Lipton, Hanna T. Gazda, Robert J. Arceci
Journal: Blood (2008)
Raleigh Barclay Lucas
Authors: G. J. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Raleigh Barclay Lucas was born in Edinburgh. His mother died when he was only a year old, so he was cared for by his aunt. He was educated at George Watson’s School in Edinburgh, later attending the medical school in his home town. He held numerous posts, including a period on the Shetland Islands as the sole medical officer. At the start of the war he enrolled as in the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC). When conducting a vaccination programme at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford, for enlisted personnel, he vaccinated Violet, a member …
What Makes the Patient-Doctor Relationship Therapeutic? Exploring the Connexional Dimension of Medical Care
Authors: ANTHONY L. SUCHMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Physicians do not receive from the medical model the same explicit guidance in relating to their patients as in making diagnoses and prescribing pharmacologic and other treatments. To meet this need, we offer a framework for expanding the model. Therapeutic contact takes place within a connexional, or transpersonal, dimension of human experience, within which basic human needs for connection and meaning are met. Although seldom explicitly recognized, connexional experience is basic to medical care. Awareness of this dimension of experience leads clinicians to appreciate that establishing a therapeutic relationship is one of the principal goals of medical practice. It also reframes the doctor's task to make clinical uncertainty more tolerable and situations in which there is no appropriate biomedical response (such as care of the terminally ill) less frustrating and more fulfilling.
Profiles of steady state levels of messenger RNAs coding for type I procollagen, elastin, and fibronectin in hamster lungs undergoing bleomycin-induced interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: R Raghow, S Lurie, J M Seyer, A H Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

We have characterized the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) coding for procollagen alpha 1(I), elastin, fibronectin, and actin in the lungs of Syrian golden hamsters by Northern blot analyses. While elastin, fibronectin, and beta-actin were each coded for by a single mRNA species of 4.1 kilobases (kb), 9.1 kb, and 2.1 kb in size, respectively, we identified a major (5.4 kb) and a minor (6.5 kb) procollagen alpha 1(I) mRNA species in the hamster lungs. The mRNAs for the three extracellular matrix proteins showed increased accumulation followed by steady decline in the bleomycin-treated lungs. There were significant differences among the three mRNAs in the relative increase and the time of maximum accumulation. After reaching the peak levels between 2-3 wk posttreatment, the levels of procollagen alpha 1(I) and elastin mRNAs declined to near normal values around the fourth week. In contrast, the accumulation of fibronectin mRNA was maximum in the first week after bleomycin treatment. The procollagen alpha 1(I) mRNA accumulated most dramatically (sevenfold above the levels in the untreated animals) compared with a five-fold increase in mRNA coding for fibronectin. Elastin mRNA increased approximately twofold above the control values. Nuclear runoff transcription experiments demonstrated a selective increase in the rates of transcription of genes coding for procollagen alpha 1(I), fibronectin, and elastin; the extent of transcriptional stimulation of procollagen alpha 1(I) and fibronectin genes was significantly greater than that of elastin. Since the amount of actin mRNA, as well as the rate of transcription of actin gene(s), varied only slightly after bleomycin treatment, we conclude that the metabolism of mRNAs coding for extracellular matrix proteins may be preferentially perturbed during pulmonary fibrosis.