tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Molecular cloning of the human eosinophil peroxidase. Evidence for the existence of a peroxidase multigene family.
Authors: R M Ten, L R Pease, D J McKean, M P Bell, G J Gleich
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Human eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) was purified from eosinophil granules derived from the peripheral blood of patients with eosinophilia. The molecular mass of the H and L subunits was determined by gel filtration to be 57,000 and 11,000 daltons, respectively. The partial amino acid sequences of both subunits were used to construct oligonucleotides for the screening of several cDNA libraries, including one derived from human-induced umbilical cord mononuclear cells. A cDNA clone was isolated corresponding to EPO. The nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame of 2,106 bp, corresponding to a prosequence, L chain, and H chain, in this order. Comparison of the EPO nucleotide sequence with other peroxidases, such as myeloperoxidase, suggests the existence of a multigene family.
An adherent cell perifusion technique to study the overall and sequential response of rat alveolar macrophages to toxic substances.
Authors: G Forget, M J Lacroix, A Cadieux, R Calvert, J H Grose, P Sirois
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Essentially pure (97%) alveolar macrophages were isolated by bronchoalveolar lavage of rats with warm (37 degrees C) PBS solution. These cells were allowed to adhere to the inside walls of open-ended glass cylinders which were closed off at each end by three-way stopcocks. The adhering cells were perifused with RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum for 18 hr at the rate of 1 mL/hr, and the effluent medium was collected automatically in 2-mL aliquots. Cell recoveries and viabilities did not differ from those found for Petri cultures treated similarly, indicating that the perifusion method under study offered an adequate milieu for short-term primary cultures. The alveolar macrophages in culture were subjected to the presence of particulate (chrysotile asbestos) and soluble (phorbol myristate) toxicants, and their response was monitored in the effluent medium by measuring the release of prostaglandins (PGE) by radioimmunoassay. A significant increase in the sequential release of PGE was observed in the presence of asbestos (100 micrograms/mL) or phorbol myristate (200 ng/mL). Treatment of the cells with indomethacin (20 microM) completely abolished the release of PGE stimulated with phorbol myristate. A cumulative response to the toxicants was also observed when cells were harvested manually from the chambers: asbestos caused a 2-fold increase in cell mortality relative to control, while phorbol myristate brought about a 3-fold increase in the number of dead cells. This effect was not prevented by the presence of indomethacin. Cell aggregation was also observed when cells were perifused in the presence of phorbol myristate, whether indomethacin was present or absent. Our results indicate that the cell perifusion system combines the advantages of conventional adherent cell cultures (viability, aggregation) with those of perifusion techniques (sequential metabolism studies).
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda and Diabetes
Authors: A. Rook, R. H. Champion
Journal: BMJ (1960)

The association of porphyria cutanea tarda with diabetes mellitus has previously been noted, and is perhaps not unusual.The case here reported illustrates the association of these conditions, and is of particular interest in that the tolbutamide prescribed for the treatment of the diabetes may have induced the clinical manifestation of the porphyria. Case ReportThe patient, a farmer aged 68, has 13 siblings, but knows of no similar condition in his family.After " shell-shock " in 1918 he developed a tremor which has persisted unchanged and for which he has taken phenobarbitone, 1 gr. (65mg.) daily, for five years.His consumption of alcohol has been heavy for over 40 years.He has experienced no attacks of abdominal pain and no organic nervous symptoms.In 1956, after several attacks of balanitis, he was found to have persistent glycosuria and a fasting blood-sugar of 270 mg./100 ml., and was diagnosed as a diabetic of the elderly obese type.He neglected his diet for the next 18 months, during which he felt vaguely unwell but suffered no loss of weight, polyuria, or polydipsia.In June, 1958, he was again advised to diet, and tolbutamide, 0.5 g. t.d.s., was prescribed.The glycosuria was soon controlled, and the dose was reduced to 0.5 g. b.d. and then to 0.5 g. daily.Four weeks after he began to take tolbutamide he first noticed blisters on the backs of the hands and fingers.These appeared singly at intervals of a few days and were associated with slight burning pain.Their development was usually spontaneous, occasionally related to trauma but never to exposure to light.They were tense blisters, 1-2 cm. in diameter, sometimes haemorrhagic, arising on normal skin and healing to leave scars; they at once suggested the diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda.On general examination the patient was obese and plethoric.The liver was enlarged one fingerbreadth below the costal margin and was firm.Slight gynaecomastia and palmar erythema were present but no spider telangiectasia.Body hair and pigmentation were normal.No abnormality was detected in cardiac, respiratory, or central nervous systems. InvestigationsGlucose-tolerance Test (50 g. glucose).-Blood-sugarestimations at half-hourly intervals showed 140, 193, 248, 268, 206 mg./ 100 ml.Glucose 1% was present in the urine at one and two hours.part of the limb in the other patient; furthermore, there was no history of lymphangitis and no enlarged lymph nodes were palpated.
HYSTERECTOMY FOR PUERPERAL INFECTION.
Authors: REUBEN PETERSON
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The advances which have been made in the science of bacteriology and the discovery that the same germs are responsible for wound infection and puerperal sepsis, has given a new impetus to the consideration of certain surgical procedures looking to the cure of various forms of sepsis met with during the puerperium. During the past few months the question of removal of the uterus, as a method of treatment for certain conditions arising during the course of puerperal infection, has been discussed by some of the prominent gynecologic societies of the country and much difference of opinion in regard to the advisability of this mode of procedure has been shown to exist. In spite of the diminished mortality from puerperal sepsis, brought about by the introduction of antiseptic and aseptic measures, probably many thousands of women die annually from puerperal septicemia. The favorable results have been obtained in the large
On the mechanisms responsible for the phosphaturia of bicarbonate administration.
Authors: A Mercado, E Slatopolsky, S Klahr
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Experiments were carried out in normal dogs to characterize the mechanisms by which sodium bicarbonate administration results in increased excretion of phosphate. Infusion of sodium bicarbonate alone increased fractional phosphate excretion from 0.8 to 29.3%. During bicarbonate administration, ionized calcium fell and mean parathyroid hormone values increased from 59.6 to 230.4 muleq/ml. In the same group of dogs, administration of sodium bicarbonate plus calcium prevented the fall in ionized calcium, and parathyroid hormone levels remained unchanged. In these dogs fractional phosphate excretion increased from 2.4 to only 4.9%. Similar results were obtained in thyroparathyroidectomized dogs receiving sodium bicarbonate. In these dogs fractional excretion of phosphate increased from 0.6 to 4.5%. Under all three experimental conditions no differences were observed in sodium or bicarbonate excretion or in urinary or plasma pH. Administration of hydrochloric acid, after phosphaturia had been induced by the infusion of bicarbonate, resulted in a decrease in plasma bicarbonate and an acid urine; however, the phosphaturia persisted even in the presence of an acid urine pH. In five thyroparathyroidectomized dogs infused with parathyroid hormone throughout, administration of identical amounts of sodium as either NaCl or NaHCO3 resulted in a similar degree of phosphaturia despite significant differences in urine pH. These experiments suggest that a rise in parathyroid hormone levels, resulting from a fall in ionized calcium, is the major mechanism by which bicarbonate administration produces phosphaturia. An increased natriuresis per nephron, as a consequence of extracellular fluid volume expansion, contributes to the phosphaturia. On the other hand, alkalinization of the urine does not play a significant role in the phosphaturia seen after bicarbonate administration.
ANDROGENS AND ACNE: A NEW METHOD FOR THE SCREENING OF ANTIANDROGENS IN HUMAN SKIN
Authors: K. C. CALMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Recent work on steroid metabolism in skin is discussed and it is shown that many metabolic transformations involve the 3β− and 17β−hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. Histochemical techniques which are used are outlined, and the distribution of the 3β− and 17β−HSD within human sebaceous glands is described. The interesting patchy distribution of 17β-HSD is described and an hypothesis concerning the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris is tentatively put forward. The basis for the use of antiandrogens in human skin is discussed and the definition of an antiandrogen using the histochemical screening method outlined. For the purpose of this paper the term antiandrogen is restricted to substances which directly inhibit certain enzymes of androgen metabolism in a histochemical system at the level of the sebaceous glands. A histochemical method for the screening of antiandrogens using human skin is described and the results with a few compounds reported and compared with the results of bioassay. The advantages and disadvantages of the technique are described and it is emphasized that the method is not intended to be used on its own, but simply as a screening technique.
Bacterial and Fungal Biofilm Infections
Authors: A. Simon Lynch, Gregory T. Robertson
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2007)

Biofilms are communal structures of microorganisms encased in an exopolymeric coat that form on both natural and abiotic surfaces and have been associated with a variety of persistent infections that respond poorly to conventional antibiotic chemotherapy. Biofilm infections of certain indwelling medical devices by common pathogens such as staphylococci are not only associated with increased morbidity and mortality but are also significant contributors to the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance traits in the nosocomial setting. Current treatment paradigms for biofilm-associated infections of semipermanent indwelling devices typically involve surgical replacement of the device combined with long-term antibiotic therapy and incur high health care costs. This review summarizes the existing data relating to the nature, prevalence, and treatment of biofilm-associated infections and highlights experimental approaches and therapies that are being pursued toward more effective treatments.
Critical Issues in Psychiatric Diagnosis
Authors: William D. Weitzel
Journal: JAMA (1978)

During the early decades of this century, Adolf Meyer, the leading American psychiatrist of his time, urged his colleagues to avoid all terms that are open to confusion when describing patients and to use plain statements of behaviors in simple, nontechnical language as often as possible. In another attempt to find more effective ways to communicate diagnostic impressions, American psychiatrists are revising the official diagnostic nomenclature for the third time in 30 years. A decidedly descriptive conceptual shift is taking place in an attempt to increase validity and reliability. For example, neuroses seem destined for elimination as a classification in the American Psychiatric Association's<i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual III</i>, which clinicians will begin using in early 1980. The contributors to this text have spearheaded the transition. This book is a collection of 20 papers presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychopathological Association. The text contains four major sections,
Spinocerebellar Ataxias and Ataxins
Authors: Roger N. Rosenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Neurology textbooks are replete with descriptions of clinical syndromes of ataxia due to various forms of spinocerebellar degeneration. The most common autosomal recessive type, Friedreich's ataxia, was described in 1876, and the most prevalent dominant ataxic syndrome, olivopontocerebellar atrophy, in 1882. Since then, neurologists have written extensively about various classifications of ataxia and related problems and the uniqueness of newly evaluated families with inherited spinal and cerebellar disease. Classifications based on clinical phenotype abound, but bringing order and clarity to the biochemical and genetic bases for them has proved difficult. A major reason has been the lack of information on . . .
Demonstration of Vesicocolonic Fistula after Lasix Administration
Authors: PAMELA J. CULP, ROBERT J. COWAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Vesicocolonic fistulae have been detected on renal and bone scans. This report describes a vesicocolonic fistula in a woman treated for cervical carcinoma that was demonstrated only on Tc-99m DTPA images after intravenous Lasix (furosemide) administration.
RACE, GENDER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS DO NOT IMPACT CORONARY BYPASS SURGERY MORTALITY IN A LARGE HOSPITAL SYSTEM WITH A SINGLE FULL-TIME SURGICAL SERVICE
Authors: Catalin Boiangiu, Marc Cohen, Craig Saunders, Katherine Hempstead, Khalil Kaid, Reza Elahimehr, Ravi Karanam, Gary Rogal, Najam Wasty
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Synthesis and application of strawberry-like Fe 3 O 4 -Au nanoparticles as CT-MR dual-modality contrast agents in accurate detection of the progressive liver disease
Authors: Hui Y Zhao, Sen Liu, Jian He, Chao C Pan, Hui Li, Zheng Y Zhou, Yin Ding, Da Huo, Yong Hu
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Use of Flumethiazide as an Adjunct to the Therapy of Hypertension
Authors: A. C. Montero, J. B. Rochelle, Ralph V. Ford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

SINCE the "second look" at diuretic agents has revealed them to possess antihypertensive properties, a number of agents have been studied for this pharmacologic attribute.1 , 2 The latest compound to appear on the diuretic scene is flumethiazide¶ (6-[trifluoromethyl]-1,4,2-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide, 1,1 -dioxide). The clinical pharmacology3 and the use of the drug in the treatment of edematous states of varied etiology4 have previously been studied. These results indicate that flumethiazide has a potency as a diuretic agent that is not significantly different from that of chlorothiazide. Furthermore, the drug is repetitively effective after oral administration — that is, tolerance to the compound does not . . .
Apolipoprotein E in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Maurizio Bruschi, Paolo Catarsi, Giovanni Candiano, Maria Pia Rastaldi, Luca Musante, Francesco Scolari, Mary Artero, Michele Carraro, Alba Carrea, Gianluca Caridi, Cristina Zennaro, Simone Sanna-Cherchi, Fabio Battista Viola, Franco Ferrario, Francesco Perfumo, Gian Marco Ghiggeri
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Action of Complement in Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema: The Role of C′1-Esterase *
Authors: Virginia H. Donaldson, Fred S. Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

The tendency to have severe attacks of localized alngioneurotic edema may be inherited as an au- tosomal dominant trait (1-7).The hereditary form of angioneurotic edema is also distinguishable by a biochemical abnormality in that affected per- sons lack detectable serum inhibitor of an enzyme derived from the first component of complement (C'1-esterase) (8).This serum deficiency is detectable before the onset of symptoms, which may appear at any time from 1 year of age to adult life.Although serum inhibitor of C'1- esterase is constantly absent from sera of patients, attacks of edema are episodic and self-limited and affect only circumscribed areas of the body.The present studies were undertaken to define changes in C'1-esterase and the components of complement in serum of patients during attacks of edema and during asymptomatic intervals.Affected members of a family reported earlier (9) had no inhibitor of C'1-esterase in their se- ~rum, whereas sera from unaffected relatives con- tained normal amounts.Affected persons also developed C'1-esterase activity in their serum, but relatives and other normal individuals did not.When patients were free of swelling, there was evidence that small amounts of C'1 in their serum had been converted to C'1-esterase.Dur- ing attacks of superficial swelling, laryngeal edema, or abdominal pain, C'1-esterase activity was readily detectable in both serum and plasma.
Temporal Arteritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Authors: NORMAN M. BRESS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 April 1973Temporal Arteritis, Polymyalgia RheumaticaNORMAN M. BRESS, M.D.NORMAN M. BRESS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-4-620_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the article by Fauchald, Rygvold, and Øystese in the December 1972 issue (Ann Intern Med77:845-852, 1972) there is, I believe, a small but very significant error in line 5 of the last paragraph on page 851: it was probably the intent of the authors to say temporal arteritisand/orpolymyalgia rheumatica rather than temporal arteritisandpolymyalgia rheumatica, which implies that polymyalgia rheumatica without accompanying temporal arteritis need not be treated with steroids. Contrast this with the summary at the beginning of the article which correctly states, in the first line, temporal arteritisorpolymyalgia... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1973Volume 78, Issue 4Page: 620-620KeywordsPolymyalgia rheumaticaSteroidsTemporal arteritis Issue Published: 1 April 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Heart Failure and Death After Myocardial Infarction in the Community
Authors: Francesca Bursi, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, Vuyisile T. Nkomo, Steven J. Jacobsen, Susan A. Weston, Ryan A. Meverden, Véronique L. Roger
Journal: Circulation (2005)

In case series, mitral regurgitation (MR) increased the risk of death after myocardial infarction (MI), yet the prevalence of MR, its incremental prognostic value over ejection fraction (EF), and its association with heart failure and death after MI in the community is not known.The prevalence of MR and its association with heart failure and death were examined among 1331 patients within a geographically defined MI incidence cohort between 1988 and 1998. Echocardiography was performed within 30 days after MI in 773 patients (58%), and MR was present in 50% of cases, mild in 38%, and moderate or severe in 12%. Among patients with MR, a murmur was inconsistently detected clinically. After 4.7+/-3.3 years of follow-up, 109 episodes of heart failure and 335 deaths occurred. There was a graded positive association between the presence and severity of MR and heart failure or death. Moderate or severe MR was associated with a large increase in the risk of heart failure (relative risk 3.44, 95% CI 1.74 to 6.82, P<0.001) and death (relative risk 1.55, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.22, P=0.019) among 30-day survivors independent of age, gender, EF, and Killip class.In the community, MR is frequent and often silent after MI. It carries information to predict heart failure or death among 30-day survivors independently of age, gender, EF, and Killip class. These findings, which are applicable to a large community-based MI cohort, suggest that the assessment of MR should be included in post-MI risk stratification.
Authentication of International Vaccination Certificates
Authors: A. T. Hunt
Journal: BMJ (1973)

be traced.Thus the work of Bernstein and others in Britain and America on the importance of early language stimulation, with which we are fully familiar, is not applicable to the present group of children.May we suggest that all of us who are genuinely concerned with language develop- ment in young children join together in tackling this important problem rather than widening divisions of opinion by criticizing large-scale screening procedures in a national survey which, though inevitably crude, did produce useful information hitherto unavail- able.-Weare, etc.
Breast Cancer Screening: The Case for Screening Women Younger Than 50 Years
Authors: Nathaniel I. Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The mortality from breast cancer is almost unchanged, as a result of a constant high incidence and little change in the prospects for cure for the women with breast cancer. The increased use of mammography and adjuvant chemotherapy will probably result in some decrease in the mortality, but it will be some years before this can be observed. In any consideration of breast cancer today, there are several facts that should be emphasized: approximately one third of the women with breast cancer diagnosed are younger than 50 years; there is a real fear in all women about the loss of the breast; drugs and hormonal therapy as used today are not curative of diagnosed metastatic disease though they may prolong survival; the Halsted radical mastectomy is rapidly being replaced by the modified radical mastectomy; and the quadrantectomy (lumpectomy, limited resection, or tylectomy) has not yet been shown to be the