tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influence of ω-3 Fatty Acids on Triglyceride Levels in Patients Using Isotretinoin
Authors: Sheila Krishna, Jean-Phillip Okhovat, Jenny Kim, Christina N. Kim
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

The effect of ω-3 fatty acid (ω-3FA) supplementation on triglyceride levels was assessed in a retrospective study of patients taking isotretinoin for acne. Oral isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) is commonly used in the treatment of severe and recalcitrant acne.1–3 This treatment commonly results in complete clearance of acne with long-term remission; however, treatment is associated with a number of adverse effects, including hypertriglyceridemia.4 At high levels of isotretinoin, hypertriglyceridemia may lead to acute pancreatitis.2,3 As many as 44% of patients with baseline triglyceride levels within the reference range who are treated with isotretinoin develop hypertriglyceridemia.4 Elevations in triglyceride levels during isotretinoin treatment can force dosage reductions or discontinuation of treatment. For less marked elevations, dietary modification or therapy to lower lipid levels may be used.
Abstract 13962: Incidence of Hypoglycaemia in the Elderly With Type 2 Diabetes in Clinical Practice - Insights From the 6-Months Prospective Follow-Up of DiaRegis
Authors: Anselm K Gitt, Peter Bramlage, Christiane Binz, Michael Krekler, Tanja Plate, Evelyn Deeg, Diethelm Tschoepe, DiaRegis Study-Group
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: RCT demonstrated that intensified glucose control was associated with a higher rate of hypoglycaemia. Little is known about the incidence of hypoglycaemia in elderly patientsin clinical...
Formation of Plexiform Lesions in Experimental Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Kohtaro Abe, Michie Toba, Abdallah Alzoubi, Masako Ito, Karen A. Fagan, Carlyne D. Cool, Norbert F. Voelkel, Ivan F. McMurtry, Masahiko Oka
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The plexiform lesion is the hallmark of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, its genesis and hemodynamic effects are largely unknown because of the limited availability of lung tissue samples from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and the lack of appropriate animal models. This study investigated whether rats with severe progressive pulmonary hypertension developed plexiform lesions. After a single subcutaneous injection of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor blocker Sugen 5416, rats were exposed to hypoxia for 3 weeks. They were then returned to normoxia for an additional 10 to 11 weeks. Hemodynamic and histological examinations were performed at 13 to 14 weeks after the Sugen 5416 injection. All rats developed pulmonary hypertension (right ventricular systolic pressure approximately 100 mm Hg) and severe pulmonary arteriopathy, including concentric neointimal and complex plexiform-like lesions. There were 2 patterns of complex lesion formation: a lesion forming within the vessel lumen (stalk-like) and another that projected outside the vessel (aneurysm-like). Immunohistochemical analyses showed that these structures had cellular and molecular features closely resembling human plexiform lesions. Severe, sustained pulmonary hypertension in a very late stage of the Sugen 5416/hypoxia/normoxia-exposed rat is accompanied by the formation of lesions that are indistinguishable from the pulmonary arteriopathy of human pulmonary arterial hypertension. This unique model provides a new and rigorous approach for investigating the genesis, hemodynamic effects, and reversibility of plexiform and other occlusive lesions in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Role of lead-binding proteins in renal cancer.
Authors: B A Fowler, M W Kahng, D R Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

High-dose lead exposure in rodents has been shown to produce pathognomonic lead intranuclear inclusion bodies and to result in an increased incidence of renal adenocarcinomas. Studies from this laboratory and others have demonstrated the presence of high-affinity renal lead-binding proteins in rat kidneys which act as tissue sinks for lead at low dose levels. Cell-free nuclear translocation studies have shown that these molecules are capable of facilitating the intranuclear movement of lead and that they are associated with chromatin. These data suggest that renal lead-binding proteins may play a role in mediating known alterations in renal gene expression associated with formation of intranuclear inclusion bodies. More recent studies from this laboratory have demonstrated the presence of chemically similar lead-binding proteins in kidneys of both monkeys and humans. Such observations suggest that a similar mechanism may be operating in primates since lead intranuclear inclusion bodies are also observed in these species. These data provide a testable mechanistic approach for assessing the possible role(s) of lead-binding proteins in mediating the intranuclear movement of lead and lead-induced renal cancer in primate species.
Mutations in GALNT3, encoding a protein involved in O-linked glycosylation, cause familial tumoral calcinosis
Authors: Orit Topaz, Daniel L Shurman, Reuven Bergman, Margarita Indelman, Paulina Ratajczak, Mordechai Mizrachi, Ziad Khamaysi, Doron Behar, Dan Petronius, Vered Friedman, Israel Zelikovic, Sharon Raimer, Arieh Metzker, Gabriele Richard, Eli Sprecher
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Letter: Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.
Authors: E D Cooke
Journal: BMJ (1976)

abscess and varied from 0-7 to 1 2 g'g/ml.This suggests a very effective level in the empyema drainage fluid.Unfortunately, our earlier samples were destroyed before assaying, but we feel that even this isolated assay may be of interest to other physicians faced with similar problems.We would like to thank May and Baker Ltd for their help in assaying the drug.
Tall Tubercular Lungs
Authors: Michael A. Nakao
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Snider<sup>1</sup>has restated and convincingly supported the fact that tall, lean tuberculin reactors have a higher risk for subsequent active tuberculosis than more rotund individuals and that poor nutrition is not to blame. West<sup>2</sup>has shown that alveoli in the upper zones of the upright lung are exposed to large, expanding stresses due to gravity, which may predispose to the formation of blebs at the superior margin of the lung. Particularly in lean, tall individuals, these blebs can form and rupture, causing spontaneous pneumothorax. Gravity also affects blood flow, which is diminished in the upper lung zones.<sup>3</sup>Pulmonary artery pressure has to overcome the gravitational pressure of a column of blood extending to the apexes in the upright lung; the greater the lung height, the more difficult it would be to perfuse the upper lung zones. Low pulmonary blood flow causes the alveoli to
The Frequency-Dependent Nature of Blood Pressure Regulation by the Carotid Sinus Studied with an Electric Analog
Authors: HOMER R. WARNER
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

Amplification of carotid sinus activity of a dog is brought about through the use of an electric analog of the carotid sinus applied in parallel with this element of the dog's own pressure regulating system. Sinusoidal excursions in arterial pressure in response to corresponding variations, between fixed limits, in rate of stimulus of one vagus nerve were larger with carotid sinus amplification than without it. Evidence presented supports the concept that because of the delay in the response of arteriolar smooth muscle, effective buffering of sudden variations in arterial pressure cannot be accomplished by variations in resistance, but can be through variations in flow.
Therapy of hepatitis C: Overview
Authors: K L Lindsay
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Based on the first decade of research on α interferon in viral hepatitis, one can conclude that up to 40% of patients with compensated chronic hepatitis C and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels will respond at least transiently to interferon. Four forms of α interferon have been evaluated in large numbers of patients with chronic hepatitis C: alfa-2b, alfa-2a, alfa-n1, and consensus interferon (CIFN). Responses are defined on the basis of biochemical (ALT) or virological (hepatitis C virus [HCV] RNA testing by polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) end points, and as end-of-treatment response (ETR) or sustained response (SR). Biochemical ETR rates to 6 months of therapy range from 35% to 50%, and SR rates 6 months after treatment from 8% to 21%. Although 6-month treatment courses are associated with a significant rate of relapse, 12 months of initial treatment and re- treatment regimens markedly improve the SR rate. Long-term follow-up evaluation in patients with an SR to interferon consistently show long- lasting and significant clinical, virological, and histological improvement. Finally, baseline factors that have been shown to be associated with SR to 6 months of treatment are not accurate enough to predict response. Therefore, the best treatment strategy is a therapeutic trial. Further studies of interferon therapy of hepatitis C are needed to define better virological end points useful in stopping therapy, to understand and better manage significant side effects of interferon, and to evaluate the histological effects of interferon in biochemical nonresponders. Also needed is a better understanding of the causes of resistance to interferon. Finally, newer therapeutic regimens such as the use of induction therapy and combination therapies with ribavirin, other antiviral agents, cytokines, and cytokine modifiers are of primary importance in eventually developing safe and effective means of treatment of hepatitis C.
Doctors go back to basics
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Of what use is literature, especially to doctors? This is a question that has long troubled me and would continue to do so even were my medical and literary accomplishments far greater than they are. As another literary doctor, Somerset Maugham, once put it, by the standards of what eternity is it better to have read a thousand books than to have ploughed a thousand furrows?

This, however, is jumping the gun a little, for just as the existentialists say that existence precedes essence (or is it the other way round; I can never quite remember), so literacy precedes literature, at least now that the age of the epic poem is definitively in the past. …
Fever After Mitral Valvotomy
Authors: C. Papp
Journal: BMJ (1957)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Accelerated dose infliximab (IFX) induction is associated with reduced short-term colectomy rate in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). Data on medium/long-term outcomes of this strategy are limited. <h3>Aims</h3> Evaluate medium/long-term outcomes in patients receiving IFX induction for ASUC, comparing accelerated dose (AD) and standard dose (SD) induction. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective study of consecutive patients admitted with corticosteroid-refractory ASUC in four tertiary referral centres within INITIative IBD research network (www.initiativeibd.ie). IFX rescue was given either as SD (weeks 0, 2, 6) or AD (&lt;28 days) from January 2010 to September 2017. AD induction has been utilised in participating centres since 2014. Consequently SD patients were subdivided based on time period of IFX rescue: historical SD group (SD1) (2010–2013) and current SD group (SD2) (2014–2017). Primary endpoint was time to colectomy; secondary endpoint was time to IFX discontinuation if induction was complete. <h3>Results</h3> 145 patients received rescue IFX (AD=58, SD<sup>1</sup>=32, SD<sup>2</sup>=55). Disease severity at induction was comparable between AD and SD1 groups; however, SD2 group had less severe disease: median C-reactive protein (CRP) 39, 44 and 20 mg/L for AD, SD1 and SD2 groups, respectively (p=0.026, Kruskal-Wallis); median CRP: albumin ratio was 1.4, 1.8 and 0.6 (p=0.016). Median follow-up for AD, SD1 and SD2 groups was 1.6 (IQR 1.1–3.1), 4.9 (IQR 2.6–5.5) and 1.5 (IQR 0.9–2.3) years. Time to colectomy was shorter in SD1 (log rank p=0.0013); no significant difference in time to colectomy was observed comparing AD and SD2 groups (log rank p=0.32). 123 patients (84%) completed IFX induction and received maintenance therapy. Time to IFX discontinuation was shorter in SD1 (log rank p=0.009). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Time to colectomy is significantly prolonged with use of AD IFX in selected ASUC patients with more severe disease. Historical use of standard IFX induction for all ASUC patients is associated with inferior long-term outcomes.
Prior airway exposure to allergen increases virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Mika J Mäkelä, Ralph Tripp, Azzeddine Dakhama, Jun-Won Park, Toshihide Ikemura, Anthony Joetham, Matti Waris, Larry J Anderson, Erwin W Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
TREATMENT OF IMMATURE CATARACT.
Authors: JOHN E. WEEKS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Non-progressive cortical opacities are very rare. The opacity accompanying congenital coloboma of the lens, the partial cortical cataract caused by the adhesion of a retained or acquired pupilary membrane and some forms of traumatic partial cataract do not progress. The anterior punctate cortical cataract, the posterior cortical cataract and the form of zonular cataract, in which the zone is situated well in the cortex of the lens, are extremely slowly progressive. Traumatic partial cataracts, with or without perforation of the capsule, sometimes become stationary and in a few cases the opacification partly disappears. Anterior and posterior polar cataracts are almost always stationary. The small white congenital cataract which occupies the center of the lens and apparently includes only those fibers that are formed during the second stage of development of the lens, the axial congenital cataract and a few cataracts with mixed opacities, are stationary or nearly so. Some forms
IκB-ζ controls the constitutive NF-κB target gene network and survival of ABC DLBCL
Authors: Hendrik Nogai, Sören-Sebastian Wenzel, Stephan Hailfinger, Michael Grau, Eva Kaergel, Volkhard Seitz, Brigitte Wollert-Wulf, Matthias Pfeifer, Annette Wolf, Mareike Frick, Kerstin Dietze, Hannelore Madle, Alexander Tzankov, Michael Hummel, Bernd Dörken, Claus Scheidereit, Martin Janz, Peter Lenz, Margot Thome, Georg Lenz
Journal: Blood (2013)
962-63 Stress-only Tc99m-Sestamibi Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Patients with a Low Probability of CAD: Short-term Follow-up of a Streamlined Perfusion Imaging Protocol
Authors: Luke F. Daley, Nancie L. Shea, Elizabeth Oates, James E. Udelson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Guidelines for Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Maurice E. Shils
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Total parenteral nutrition is a procedure capable of maintaining patients in good condition for prolonged periods while underlying disease is being treated. Achievement of this goal presents problems in formulation, in sterile preparation, and in safe administration of the nutrient solution. A practical program is outlined for simple, inexpensive, and sterile preparation of standard solutions in closed systems. Indications and precautions for this potentially life-saving treatment are discussed together with consideration of routes of administration, ancillary equipment, and nutrient requirements for total parenteral nutrition.
Accelerated Aging of US Presidents—Reply
Authors: S. Jay Olshansky
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High density lipoprotein deficiency with xanthomas. A defect in reverse cholesterol transport caused by a point mutation in the apolipoprotein A-I gene.
Authors: K J Lackner, H Dieplinger, G Nowicka, G Schmitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

A 7-yr-old girl with high density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency and xanthomas has been identified in a Turkish kindred with repetitive consanguinity. She has severely reduced HDL-cholesterol and no apolipoprotein (apo) A-I. ApoA-II is reduced, whereas apoA-IV and apoC-III are normal. ApoB and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol are increased. This is reflected in hypercholesterolemia. VLDL and IDL particles are low, and serum triglycerides are normal. The genetic defect could be identified as a base insertion into the third exon of the apoA-I gene. This leads to a nonsense peptide sequence beginning at amino acid 5 of the mature plasma protein and early termination of translation. The patient is homozygous for this mutation. Pedigree analysis indicated an autosomal dominant inheritance with no evidence of another genetic defect of lipoprotein metabolism in the kindred. In HDL deficiency, HDL binding to leukocytes was increased compared to normal. In the postprandial state, binding of labeled HDL3 to leukocytes is unchanged. This is in contrast to results with postprandially isolated leukocytes from controls or Tangier patients, which have a reduced binding capacity for HDL3. These results indicate that postprandial HDL precursors may compete the binding of labeled HDL3. The metabolic consequences of HDL deficiency were analyzed. There is only a small number of HDL-like particles containing apoA-II, apoA-IV, apoE, and lecithin/cholesteryl acyl transferase. The C-apolipoproteins were normal in the proband. Due to the lack of HDL they can only associate with apoB-containing particles, where they may interfere with cellular uptake. Thus, pure apoA-I deficiency leads to a complex metabolic derangement.
Decentralized Medical Care.
Authors: John W. Runyan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Decentralized Medical Care.John W. Runyan Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P.John W. Runyan Jr., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-856_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDecentralized medical facilities (initiated 9 years ago) are providing an increasing share of medical care in Memphis and Shelby County. Neighborhood clinics staffed by specially trained public health nurses guided by protocols have been expanded in number and function. Visits of patients with selected chronic disease to these facilities for continuing care exceed 35 000 per year, a five-to six-fold increase since previously reported 2¼ years ago (RUNYANJW JR:JAMA211.3: 476-479, 1970). The nurses also provide comparable medical care to the home-bound patients with approximately 8 000 home visits per year. From 200 to 400 "new" patients per... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Memphis, Tenn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPhosphoacyl Functions and their As, Sb, and Bi AnaloguesAlkyl Chalcogenides: Oxygen-based Functional GroupsReferences to Volume 5M 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 856-856KeywordsHealth care facilitiesPrevention, policy, and public health Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
"Non-physician clinicians" in low income countries
Authors: S. Bergstrom
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A potential solution to lack of human resources for maternal health

The crisis in human healthcare resources disproportionately affects the poorest women in low income countries. The World Health Organization reports that net numbers of doctors, nurses, and midwives in Africa will decrease between 2000 and 2015.1 Furthermore, because of population increases, the number of healthcare workers relative to the number of people they need to treat will decrease even more markedly.1 In the linked systematic review (doi:10.1136/bmj.d2600), Wilson and colleagues assess the effectiveness and safety of clinical officers (mid-level healthcare providers who are not medical doctors, yet are trained to perform tasks that are usually undertaken by doctors) in caesarean section surgery, compared with doctors.2 

It has been increasingly recognised that human resources were not sufficiently considered when the Millennium Development Goals were formulated. A review of the link between human resources and health reported that current spending on human resources is inefficient and fragmented.3 The review also looked at “health worker density”: according to its population sub-Saharan Africa has a tenth of the nurses and doctors that Europe has, and Ethiopia has a 50th compared with Italy. …
Welsh whistleblower is reinstated
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

An orthopaedic consultant who has been obliged to go on extended leave for more than two years is set to return to work after completing 12 months of refresher training.

Sian Caiach initially went on what was called extended maternity leave in April 2000 when allegations were made about her clinical practice. These came shortly after the Audit Commission began to investigate complaints she had made about private practice at Prince Philip Hospital, Llanelli. That investigation subsequently found irregularities in the charging of private patients at the hospital.

“I …
The Role of Early Resection vs Biopsy in the Management of Low-Grade Gliomas
Authors: James M. Markert
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal