tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Methods to Detect Circulating Tumor DNA May Help Early Diagnosis of Cancer
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
790 Acetaminophen overdose: relationship of glucuronyltransferase promoter variants to subsequent acute liver failure
Authors: J ADAMS, P MURPHY, W BERNAL, J WENDON, J TREDGER
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Induction of hepatic microsomal bilirubin UDP_glucuronyltransferase and CYP4A1 P450 by 3,4,3′,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) and 3,4,5,3′,4′-pentachlorobiphenyl (PenCB) was studied in guinea pigs and rats. Both enzyme activities in guinea pigs were increased 4-fold or more over the control by PenCB treatment, while by treatment with a less toxic congener, TCB, these were increased to a lesser extent. On the contrary, the rat enzymes were significantly decreased by treatment with these co-planar polychlorinated biphenyls. These results suggest that the alterations of both bilirubin UDP-glucuronyltransferase and CYP4A P450 are the characteristic indices for the toxicites of polychlorinated hydrocarbons.
ALCOHOL IN HEALTH AND DISEASE.
Authors: V. D. MILLER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

It is with some hesitancy that I present this subject for your consideration, knowing, as I do, the extreme differences of opinion in regard to the effects of alcohol upon the human system, especially in disease. It is over sixty years since the composition of alcohol and its effects upon the human body have claimed the special attention of chemists, physiologists and philanthropists. Since this time very many investigations and observations have been made, and numerous important and scientific works written by investigators whose names stand high in the annals of chemistry and physiology. Among the seventy-six known elements, there is one called carbon (chemical symbol C). This element is termed an organic substance, as it occurs abundantly in living matter; it is a waste product of animal and a reconstructive product of vegetable life—that is a food for plants and an effete matter of animals. The atomic weight
Duration of the thoracic epidural catheter in a fast-track recovery protocol may decrease the length of stay after a major hepatectomy: A case control study
Authors: A. Ntinas, D. Kardassis, I. Konstantinopoulos, P. Kottos, A. Manias, M. Kyritsi, D. Zilianiaki, D. Vrochides
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)
Commentary: Controversies in NICE guidance on metastatic spinal cord compression
Authors: R. Coleman
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Spinal cord compression is one of the most devastating complications in advanced malignancy and develops in up to 5% of patients with metastatic bone disease. It often causes misery and profound disability in the last weeks or months of life1 as vertebral fracture and instability, frequently coupled with extra-osseous extension of a soft tissue component, may result in pain and loss of neurological function.

Although spinal cord compression is recognised as an oncological emergency, its management is frequently suboptimal, with late presentation, slow referral for specialist intervention, inadequate availability of urgent and out of hours imaging, lack of surgical expertise, and little or no attempt at rehabilitation.2 Thus many patients present with established, irreversible neurological deficit and are destined to a life spent in a wheelchair or in bed, with increased demands on carers, health …
Wilms' Tumor and Congenital Aniridia
Authors: Joseph F. Fraumeni, Andrew G. Glass
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Among 28 children under 4 years of age hospitalized with congenital aniridia, Wilms' tumor subsequently developed in six and one had the neoplasm on admission. Five of these seven patients have not, to our knowledge, been reported previously, bringing to 22 the total number of cases known with this association. Although one child in our series had familial aniridia, all other cases of aniridia with Wilms' tumor have been sporadic, suggesting that the two disorders originate by common or concurrent gene mutation or by environmental effects on embryogenesis. The aniridia-Wilms' tumor complex includes an array of nonocular anomalies, providing further evidence that the neoplasm is but one manifestation of a distinctive syndrome.
Antibiotic Prescribing for Abscesses
Authors: MARY JO CARTER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1978Antibiotic Prescribing for AbscessesMARY JO CARTER, M.D.MARY JO CARTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-3-430 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: It appears that a prankster has inserted the final paragraph into the report of an interesting and well-done study, "Cutaneous Abscesses. Anaerobic and Aerobic Bacteriology and Outpatient Management" (Ann Intern Med 87:145-149, 1977).The authors' conclusion, "This study shows that incision and drainage alone should suffice in the treatment of localized cutaneous abscesses in patients with presumably normal host defenses. Thus, there is no indication for initial Gram-stain, culture, or antibiotic therapy for these patients," has no supporting data presented anywhere in the article. In fact, no data on use of antibiotic therapy compared with the outcome...References1. RUTHERFORDCALDERWOODHARTMERRETT WJDJ: Antibiotics in surgical treatment of septic lesions. Lancet 1:1077-1080, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. RITCHIE I: Technique to improve the rate of healing of incised abscesses. Br Med J 2:381-383, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MARY JO CARTER, M.D.Affiliations: Medical College of Georgia Augusta, GA 30901 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1978Volume 88, Issue 3Page: 430-431KeywordsAbscessesAntibioticsBacteriologyOutpatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Self-Inflicted Strokes
Authors: ANEEL PATEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Editorials1 May 1972Self-Inflicted StrokesANEEL PATEL, M.D.ANEEL PATEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-823 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIf the term "stroke" is used in its original connotation as resulting from the wrath of God, then it will be realized that, over the years, the pattern of cerebrovascular disease has changed according to the nature of the temptation offered by Satan. In the prepenicillin era, meningovascular syphilis was a leading cause of strokes; indulged appetite has perhaps made atherosclerosis the foremost cause of an acute intracranial, vascular catastrophe today.Now with the explosion of the drug-worshipping culture, a hithertofore unidentified vascular disease has emerged on the scene.In 1970 Citron and colleagues (1) reported from Los Angeles the...References1. CITRONHALPERNMCCARROA BMM: Necrotizing angiitis associated with drug abuse. N Engl J Med 283:1003-1011, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. RUMBAUGHBERGERONFANG CRH: Cerebral angiographic changes in the drug abuse patient. Radiology 101:335-344, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ATLEE W: Talc and cornstarch emboli in eyes of drug users. JAMA 219:49-51, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. RUMBAUGHBERGERONSCANLAN CRR: Cerebral vascular changes secondary to amphetamine abuse in the experimental animal. Radiology 101:345-351, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. WEISSRASKINDMORGANSTERN SRN: Intracerebral and SAH following use of methamphetamine ("speed"). Int Surg 53:123-127, 1970 MedlineGoogle Scholar6. GOODMANBECKER SD: Intracranial hemorrhage associated with amphetamine abuse. JAMA 212:480, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. SOBELESPINASFRIEDMAN JOS: Carotid artery obstruction following LSD capsule ingestion. Arch Intern Med 127:290-291, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ANEEL PATEL, M.D.Affiliations: Section of Neurology Department of Medicine Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital Philadelphia, Pa. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byStroke and Substance AbuseStroke and Substance AbuseStroke and Substance AbuseToxic Causes of StrokeStroke and Substance AbuseSeltene und ungewöhnliche GefäßkrankheitenMANAGEMENT OF ACUTE MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS RESULTING FROM HEROIN ADDICTIONThe Adverse Effects of Amphetamines 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 823-824KeywordsAtherosclerosisCerebrovascular diseasesDrugsStrokeSyphilisVascular diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
A prospective longitudinal study of the outdoor behaviour and symptoms of photosensitive patients
Authors: P.S. CRAIG, B.L. DIFFEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The purpose of this study was to determine the measures that photosensitive patients use to control their sun exposure. Each week from March until September 1995, 30 patients with polymorphic light eruption (PLE) and 17 patients with chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) returned a set of reply paid postcards on which they recorded information about their outdoor behaviour and symptoms. The principal differences between the two groups were that CAD patients had a much greater incidence of symptoms despite making more use of protective measures such as covering arms, wearing hats and applying sunscreen, than patients with PLE. And that as summer approached the PLE patients spent more time outdoors, whereas there was less seasonal variation in this respect among CAD patients. Tentative conclusions drawn from mathematical modelling indicated that the incidence of rash on a particular day was influenced by ambient ultraviolet radiation and length of time spent outdoors. There were indications that wearing a hat and keeping the arms covered offered some protection, whereas use of sunscreen may actually increase the likelihood of symptoms.
Clinicopathologic Analysis of Endoscopic Ultrasonograms in Pancreatic Mass Lesions
Authors: Y. Hayashi, S. Nakazawa, E. Kimoto, Y. Naito, K. Morita
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was performed in 40 patients with pancreatic masses who subsequently underwent surgical resection, and we compared the ultrasonograms with the histopathologic findings. Ductal adenocarcinoma: The cephalad margin between the tumor and pancreatic tissue was distinct, while the caudal margin was blurred because the severe fibrosis accompanying secondary pancreatitis, and the contour of the tumor was irregular. The internal echo pattern was hypoechoic, with an uneven central echogenic portion corresponding to irregularly arranged carcinomatous canaliculi or coagulation necrosis. Benign islet cell tumor: Both the cephalad and caudal margins were distinct, the contour was smooth and the internal echo pattern was hypoechoic, with a homogeneous central echogenic portion corresponding to regularly arranged alveoli. Pseudotumorous pancreatitis: The caudal margin was indistinct, the contour was smooth, and the internal echo pattern was homogeneously hypoechoic, with deep attenuation caused by dense fibrosis. On the basis of these results, it is believed that EUS with its high resolution is useful in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic mass lesions.
Transient Recurrent Cerebral Episodes and Aneurysm of Carotid Sinus
Authors: C. J. Schwartz, J. R. A. Mitchell, J. T. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1962)

JOURNLappear that Raymond's patient underwent physiological (Pavlovian) ultraparadoxical inhibition, with the complete reversal of his former likes and dislikes as described by Sargant (1957).Our patient did not experience such a dramatic phenomenon, but it may
Status of Antiplatelet Drugs in Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Jawahar Mehta
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A RECENT report suggesting prevention of cardiac death after myocardial infarction in patients given sulfinpyrazone<sup>1</sup>has renewed interest in antiplatelet drugs within the medical profession. During the last few years, it has become clear that blood platelets are involved in arterial and venous obstruction and in the origin of smooth-muscle hypertrophy and possibly atherogenesis. If altered platelet function is related to the pathogenesis of coronary disease and subsequent cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, the use of antiplatelet drugs in patients with coronary heart disease would be rationalized. Our purpose is to review information on the role of platelets in coronary artery disease and to show how antiplatelet drugs might affect platelet function and thereby influence coronary vascular disease. <h3>Role of Platelet Function in Coronary Artery Disease</h3> In animal models of myocardial ischemia induced by experimental coronary narrowing, platelet aggregates appear within a short time in coronary vessels.<sup>2,3</sup>These aggregates
Impact of bosentan on exercise capacity in adults after the Fontan procedure: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mark J. Schuuring, Jeroen C. Vis, Arie P.J. van Dijk, Joost P. van Melle, Hubert W. Vliegen, Petronella G. Pieper, Gertjan T. Sieswerda, Rianne H.A.C.M. de Bruin‐Bon, Barbara J.M. Mulder, Berto J. Bouma
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
ANATOMY FOR THE PRACTITIONER.
Authors: CLARENCE M. JACKSON
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The post-graduate study of gross anatomy, normal and pathologic, is for the practitioner a subject of great importance. There is a strong necessity for a continued review of these fundamental subjects, in order that clinical procedure may rest on a scientific basis. A mere book review, however, on which the great majority of practitioners are obliged to depend, is very inadequate. How then shall the practitioner review his knowledge of practical anatomy? The ideal method is, doubtless, for the practitioner to attend from time to time the post-graduate courses in normal and pathologic anatomy offered in the leading medical schools. Here he will find an abundance of material, wellequipped laboratories and valuable assistance from the instructors. Only a small percentage of the practitioners, however, are fortunate enough to be able to take advantage of these facilities. For numerous reasons such courses are inaccessible to the great majority. It is the
Lack of evidence that saturated fat causes cardiovascular disease
Authors: U. Ravnskov
Journal: BMJ (2014)

From table 2 and the references of their systematic analysis Micha and colleagues seem to recommend replacing saturated fatty acids (SFAs) with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease.1 As support they refer to the joint WHO/FAO expert consultation from 2003, in which the evidence came from an American Heart Association consensus report. The only argument in …
The comparative effectiveness of suction-curettage and onabotulinumtoxin-A injections for the treatment of primary focal axillary hyperhidrosis: A randomized control trial
Authors: Omer Ibrahim, Rohit Kakar, Diana Bolotin, Michael Nodzenski, Wareeporn Disphanurat, Natalie Pace, Lauren Becker, Dennis P. West, Emily Poon, Emir Veledar, Murad Alam
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
THE TOXEMIAS OF PREGNANCY, AND THE TREATMENT OF ECLAMPSIA
Authors: J. WHITRIDGE WILLIAMS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

In this paper I shall consider only the toxemias of pregnancy as they occur during the last third of pregnancy, and particularly the treatment of eclampsia. I use the plural rather than the singular for the reason that the term toxemia is employed very loosely, and is used by many to include a group of conditions that vary from a trace of albumin in the urine without clinical symptoms to actual eclampsia, or even to acute yellow atrophy of the liver. Indeed, many go so far as to claim that the several conditions merely represent stages in the evolution of a single disease process. For years, I have contended that such a conception is erroneous and tends to complicate rather than to clarify the question, as I believe that several distinct entities have to be dealt with and that any attempt to gather them into a single group will retard
Aspirin, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use, and Risk for Crohn Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are anti-inflammatory but have been linked in some studies to Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).To assess the association between aspirin and NSAID use and incident CD and UC.Prospective cohort study.Nurses' Health Study I.76,795 U.S. women who provided biennially updated data about aspirin and NSAID use.Incident CD and UC between 1990 and 2008 (outcome) and NSAID and aspirin use (exposure).123 incident cases of CD and 117 cases of UC occurred over 18 years and 1,295,317 person-years of follow-up. Compared with nonusers, women who used NSAIDs at least 15 days per month seemed to have increased risk for both CD (absolute difference in age-adjusted incidence, 6 cases per 100,000 person-years [95% CI, 0 to 13]; multivariate hazard ratio, 1.59 [CI, 0.99 to 2.56]) and UC (absolute difference, 7 cases per 100,000 person-years [CI, 1 to 12]; multivariate hazard ratio, 1.87 [CI, 1.16 to 2.99]). Less frequent NSAID use was not clearly associated with risk for CD or UC, and there was no clear association between aspirin use and disease.Cohort participants were exclusively women, most of whom were white. Aspirin and NSAID use were self-reported.Frequent use of NSAIDs but not aspirin seemed to be associated with increased absolute incidence of CD and UC. The findings have more mechanistic than clinical implications, because the absolute incidence of CD or UC associated with NSAIDs was low and the increase in risk for CD or UC associated with NSAIDs is unlikely to alter the balance of more common and clinically significant risks and benefits associated with these agents.American Gastroenterological Association, IBD Working Group, Broad Medical Research Program, and National Institutes of Health.
Relationship between oxygen transport and oxygen uptake in patients with cirrhosis: Effects of vasoactive drugs
Authors: Richard Moreau, Samuel S. Lee, Antoine Hadengue, Yves Ozier, Christian Sicot, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

To elucidate the relationship between oxygen transport and uptake in cirrhosis, we studied the effects of three vasoactive drugs that change O 2 transport. Systemic hemodynamics, blood gases and lactate concentration were measured in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis before and after intravenous dobutamine, propranolol and nitroglycerin. Nine patients received successively dobutamine and then propranolol. Ten patients received nitroglycerin. Three other patients without cirrhosis (controls) received dobutamine. In patients with cirrhosis, dobutamine infusion was accompanied by a significant increase in cardiac output (+21%), systemic O 2 transport (+21%) and O 2 uptake (+12%), whereas O 2 extraction ratio and arterial lactate concentration did not change significantly. Propranolol administration was followed by a significant decrease in cardiac output (−24%) and systemic O 2 transport (−25%) and a significant increase in O 2 extraction ratio (+19%), whereas O 2 uptake and arterial lactate concentration did not change. Nitroglycerin infusion was accompanied by a significant decrease in cardiac output (−21%), systemic O 2 transport (−26%) and O 2 uptake (−10%), whereas O 2 extraction ratio (+18%) and arterial lactate concentration (+31%) significantly increased. In control patients, dobutamine infusion was accompanied by an increase in cardiac output and in systemic O 2 transport and by a decrease in O 2 extraction ratio, whereas O 2 uptake was not modified. These results suggest that O 2 uptake may be abnormally dependent on O 2 transport in patients with cirrhosis.
Wind From the Sea
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal