tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INJURIES TO THE EYE
Authors: A. S. Percival
Journal: BMJ (1910)

MzDrn&L JOURSNALI.weakness or ataxia of the arms and legs as he lay in bed.On asking him to sit up he at once fell to the left.When attempting to walk with support on both sides he also fell to the left, feeling himself forcibly drawn to that side.The knee-jerks and plantar reflexes were normal.The blood, pressure was low.The heart was not energetic.The urine was free from albumen.The above signs pointed to a sudden vascular lesion in the region of the left side of the bulb, implicating the inferior peduncle of the cerebellum and the adjacent nucleus, of the vagus, as evidenced, by the forced movements and the unilateral paralysis of the palate.In a man of his age the likeliest cause was a syphilitic throm- bosis.The patient denied all venereal disease, but a local examination showed the scar of an old chancre,..together with a chronic gonorrhoea in full flood.He was therefore at once placed upon energetic antisyphilitic treatment.Unfortunately Idid not see him again.The lkst1 group of cases to which I would direct your attsntion is that of extramedullary lesions, in which you will note the presence of bulbar symptoms implicating the palate, larynx, and other parts, but without implication of the long sensory or motor tracts of the brain-stem.CASE xI.-Right-sided Extramedullary Lesion: Caries of Sphenoid Bone.A man 42 years of age, who denied venereal disease, began to, suffer, twelve months before he came under observation, from continuous vertical headache.The pain spread later to
CORONARY CALCIUM SCORING FROM CONTRAST CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY USING AN AUTOMATED STANDARDIZED METHOD: A MULTICENTER STUDY
Authors: Annika Schuhbaeck, Yuka Otaki, Stephan Achenbach, Christian Schneider, Franziska Hecker, Johannes Rixe, Piotr Slomka, James Min, Daniel Berman, Damini Dey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Liver transplants: big business in blood
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1983)

More than 500 liver transplants have been performed in the past 20 years, mostly in the United States, Great Britain, West Germany, and the Netherlands (<i>Lancet</i>1983;2:778-779). In the next ten years, some experts think that every major center for treatment of liver disease will have access to transplant capabilities (<i>Hepatology</i>1982;2:616-636). But will they? For one thing, not all hospitals can deploy the large support staff that such surgery demands. Every one of the approximately 100 liver transplants that will be done this year at Pittsburgh's Presbyterian-University Hospital or Children's Hospital, for example, involves up to a dozen types of medical specialists: surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, and blood bank personnel, as well as a gastroenterologist, immunologist, hematologist, nephrologist, radiologist, pulmonologist, infectious disease specialist, and psychiatrist. And there is another hefty requirement: The amount needed of what Goethe's Devil called that "very special juice" far exceeds that required for any other
Cellular Actions of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins
Authors: Sue M. Firth, Robert C. Baxter
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2002)

In addition to their roles in IGF transport, the six IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) regulate cell activity in various ways. By sequestering IGFs away from the type I IGF receptor, they may inhibit mitogenesis, differentiation, survival, and other IGF-stimulated events. IGFBP proteolysis can reverse this inhibition or generate IGFBP fragments with novel bioactivity. Alternatively, IGFBP interaction with cell or matrix components may concentrate IGFs near their receptor, enhancing IGF activity. IGF receptor-independent IGFBP actions are also increasingly recognized. IGFBP-1 interacts with α5β1 integrin, influencing cell adhesion and migration. IGFBP-2, -3, -5, and -6 have heparin-binding domains and can bind glycosaminoglycans. IGFBP-3 and -5 have carboxyl-terminal basic motifs incorporating heparin-binding and additional basic residues that interact with the cell surface and matrix, the nuclear transporter importin-β, and other proteins. Serine/threonine kinase receptors are proposed for IGFBP-3 and -5, but their signaling functions are poorly understood. Other cell surface IGFBP-interacting proteins are uncharacterized as functional receptors. However, IGFBP-3 binds and modulates the retinoid X receptor-α, interacts with TGFβ signaling through Smad proteins, and influences other signaling pathways. These interactions can modulate cell cycle and apoptosis. Because IGFBPs regulate cell functions by diverse mechanisms, manipulation of IGFBP-regulated pathways is speculated to offer therapeutic opportunities in cancer and other diseases.
Current Patterns of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Authors: Steven G Gabbe, Richard I Lowensohn, Paul Y Wu, Guerra Guerra
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

Recent advances in antepartum fetal evaluation have contributed to a marked reduction in fetal deaths in pregnancies complicated by overt diabetes mellitus. To determine the effect of these changes on neonatal morbidity and mortality, a retrospective analysis of complications in 322 infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) in White classes B–R was undertaken. The majority (89 per cent) of the IDM were delivered at term with a mean gestational age of 38 weeks. Neonatal morbidity correlated significantly with gestational age, occurring in 80 per cent of the preterm and 40 per cent of the term infants. The overall incidence of complications was: hyperbilirubinemia 37 per cent, hypoglycemia 31 per cent, hypocalcemia 13 per cent, polycythemia 8 per cent, and necrotizing enterocolitis 2 per cent. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurred in 9 per cent and congenital malformations in 6 per cent of the infants. Nine infants died, and four of these deaths were due to anomalies. These data indicate that (1) a reduction in fetal mortality has been accompanied by a reduction in neonatal mortality; (2) neonatal morbidity has been decreased but remains significant in the IDM; and (3) congenital anomalies have replaced RDS as a major cause of neonatal death for the IDM.
Oral maintenance clinical trial with miglustat for type I Gaucher disease: switch from or combination with intravenous enzyme replacement
Authors: Deborah Elstein, Altoon Dweck, Drorit Attias, Irith Hadas-Halpern, Shoshana Zevin, Gheona Altarescu, Johannes F. M. G. Aerts, Sonja van Weely, Ari Zimran
Journal: Blood (2007)
Acute Hepatic Coma Treated by Cross Circulation With Irreversibly Comatose Donor
Authors: Robert W. Summers
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A patient developed acute hepatic failure and encephalopathy after massive resection of the liver for a primary hepatic neoplasm. Coma deepened despite medical therapy and exchange transfusion, but responded dramatically to cross circulation with an irreversibly brain-damaged individual. The patient survived 20 days following crosscirculation therapy, which allowed time for complete hepatic regeneration, but she ultimately died from recurrent infection and portal-vein thrombosis. The cross-circulation procedure is safe, effective, and technically simple to perform.
Monitoring research ethical committees.
Authors: S Lock
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Monitoring research ethical committeesThe profession must establish effective mechanisms with teeth, before the government imposes them Over 30 years have passed since concern began to surface in Britain about the ethical aspects of medical research.Ethics committees have proliferated, guidelines been agreed, proto- cols devised-yet recent evidence suggests that the ethical control of medical research remains inconsistent and ineffec- tive.Why should this be, and what should be done?The ethical aspects of clinical research came to attention in the late 1950s and early '60s, with published reports of non- therapeutic research on patients who seemed not to have been asked for full consent.Both society and medicine are indebted to three doctors -reviled at the time by some of their colleagues-for publicising their views: Hugh Clegg, then editor of the BM7, the architect of the Declaration of Helsinki, H K Beecher, professor of research in anaesthesia at Harvard University, who published Experimentation in Man, and M H Pappworth, a British physician, who produced his no less influential book Human Guinea Pigs eight years later.1-3 By today's standards the response to the debate was swift.As early as 1964 the Medical Research Council issued a statement of general guidance4; two years later the United States Public Health Service went further, declining to support projects unless they had first been reviewed by a committee of fellow professionals.At the same time, in Britain, the Ministry of Health suggested that hospitals should organise review
Revisiting Hospital Readmissions
Authors: Phil B. Fontanarosa, Robert A. McNutt
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Build bridges with the drugs industry--but keep patients in mind
Authors: I. Gilmore
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The preparation, prescribing, and dispensing of medicines have been intertwined with the practice of medicine for centuries and the close relationship between doctors and the pharmaceutical industry has been key to many therapeutic advances. However, the integrity and value of these close links have been criticised within and without the medical profession, most particularly in the past decade.1 2 3 We have to be concerned, for instance, by the findings of extensive investigations that suggest some parts of the industry, through sponsorship, wield a pernicious influence on the integrity of the published science base.4 Equally disquieting is the suggestion that many doctors are unduly affected by industry sales messages.

Ongoing scrutiny of the industry’s role in health care and its relationship with the medical profession is necessary and healthy, but we should not lose sight of the shared commitment to sustainable and continuing improvements in patient care, which ultimately drives intersectoral collaboration and innovation. With this …
Potable Water as a Source of Legionnaires' Disease
Authors: Kathryn N. Shands
Journal: JAMA (1985)

A three-year epidemic of legionnaires' disease in a hospital was dramatically curtailed following hyperchlorination of the potable water supply. The hypothesis that potable water was the source for the outbreak was further supported by isolation of<i>Legionella pneumophila</i>(the agent of legionnaires' disease) from the hospital water supply, observation that a sudden upsurge had occurred in the number of cases following a peculiar manipulation of the hospital water system, and documentation of a 30-fold increase in concentration of organisms in the water when this manipulation was artificially recreated. Thus, potable water may be an important source of epidemic legionnaires' disease and continuous hyperchlorination a method of control. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1412-1416)
Doses of aminophylline given intravenously in casualty.
Authors: R Feinmann, M Datta-Chaudhuri, M Finlay
Journal: BMJ (1984)

unfortunately many physicians use them definitively when atrial fibrillation is present.Many patients respond satisfactorily and sinus rhythm is often restored.This is a most unwise definitive form of treatment, however, for atrial fibrillation nearly always recurs if there is a relapse, which is un- fortunately so common.Occasionally, com- plications of atrial fibrillation may then occur, and these may often herald a relapse, as we have clearly shown.1 2 I feel strongly, therefore, that all patients with thyrotoxicosis and atrial fibrillation should have definitive treatment with iodine-131 and I agree fully with the dosage recommended by the authors.
Efficacy of Graded Elastic Compression in the Lower Leg
Authors: Steve Pierson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Graded elastic compression stockings on the lower leg were evaluated for their ability to (1) decrease leg volume, (2) decrease circumference, and (3) alleviate discomfort. One hundred three test subjects participated in this study, including 30 normal, asymptomatic control subjects. The conditions of the 73 symptomatic patients were categorized by pain and swelling, varicose veins, venous stasis, lymphedema, and phlebitis, which constituted symptoms in 120 legs. Although total body weight did not change during the week of observation, the volume, circumference, and pain decreased in the symptomatic group. The volume of the stockinged leg decreased in comparison with the nonstockinged control leg in the asymptomatic subjects as well. We conclude that non-custom-made graded elastic stockings with 24 mm Hg of pressure at the ankle are effective in decreasing volume, circumference, and symptoms in the lower leg in patients with minimal problems during a one-week period.
Clinical concepts for regenerative therapy in furcations
Authors: Mariano Sanz, Karin Jepsen, Peter Eickholz, Søren Jepsen
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2015)

Furcation involvements present one of the greatest challenges in periodontal therapy because furcation-involved molar teeth respond less favorably to conventional periodontal therapy compared with noninvolved molar or nonmolar teeth. Various regenerative procedures have been proposed and applied with the aim of eliminating the furcation defect or reducing the furcation depth. An abundance of studies and several systematic reviews have established the effectiveness of membrane therapy (guided tissue regeneration) for buccal Class II furcation involvement of mandibular and maxillary molars compared with open flap surgery. Bone grafts/substitutes may enhance the results of guided tissue regeneration. However, complete furcation closure is not a predictable outcome. Limited data and no meta-analyses are available on the effects of enamel matrix proteins for furcation regeneration. Enamel matrix protein therapy has demonstrated clinical improvements in the treatment of buccal Class II furcation defects in mandibular molars; however, complete closure of the furcation lesion is achieved only in a minority of cases. Neither guided tissue regeneration nor enamel matrix protein therapy have demonstrated predictable results for approximal Class II and for Class III furcations. Promising preclinical data from furcation regeneration studies in experimental animals is available for growth factor- and differentiation factor-based technologies, but very limited data are available from human clinical studies. Although cell-based therapies have received considerable attention in regenerative medicine, their experimental evaluation in the treatment of periodontal furcation lesions is at a very early stage of development. In summary, the indications and the limitations for currently available treatment modalities for furcation defects are well established. New regenerative treatments are clearly needed to improve the predictability of a complete resolution of furcation defects.
Review: β-agonists increase asthma-related intubations and deaths in patients with asthma
Authors: Jay Peters
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club21 September 2010Review: β-agonists increase asthma-related intubations and deaths in patients with asthmaJay Peters, MDJay Peters, MDUniversity of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA (J.P.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-6-201009210-02005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationSalpeter SR, Wall AJ, Buckley NS. Long-acting beta-agonists with and without inhaled corticosteroids and catastrophic asthma events. Am J Med. 2010;123:322-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20176343Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Pulmonology: References1 Karpel JP, Peters JI, Szema AM, Smith B, Anderson PJ. Differences in physicians’ self-reported knowledge of, attitudes toward, and responses to the black box warning on long-acting beta-agonists. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2009;103:304-10. [PMID: 19852194] Google Scholar2 Weatherall M, Wijesinghe M, Perrin K, Harwood M, Beasley R. Meta-analysis of the risk of mortality with salmeterol and the effect of concomitant inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Thorax. 2010;65:39-43. [PMID: 20029037] Google Scholar3 Cates CJ, Lasserson TJ. Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009:CD007695. [PMID: 19821436] Google Scholar4 Managing exacerbations of asthma. In: National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP). Expert panel report 3: guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. Bethesda: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; 2007:373-417. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA (J.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 7 September 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGenome‐wide association studies of exacerbations in children using long‐acting beta2‐agonistsPharmacogenetics of inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists in asthma: A systematic review 21 September 2010Volume 153, Issue 6Page: JC3-5KeywordsAsthmaClinical trial reportingIntubationMortalityOdds ratioPrimary care physiciansPulmonary medicineQuality of lifeRisk managementSerious adverse events ePublished: 21 September 2010 Issue Published: 21 September 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Male genital lichen sclerosus and tacrolimus
Authors: C.B. Bunker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Male genital lichen sclerosus and tacrolimus Get access C.B. Bunker C.B. Bunker Department of Dermatology, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, and Royal Marsden Hospitals and Imperial College School of Medicine, London, U.K. E‐mail: cbb@hamderm.demon.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 5, 1 November 2007, Pages 1079–1080, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08179.x Published: 01 November 2007
Taxonomy and identification of dust mites
Authors: M. J. Colloff
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Taxonomy provides the basis for the identity of species, allowing the construction of keys and the reliable, reproducible identification of dust mites for ecologic purposes and other studies. Details are given of nomenclatorial conventions in taxonomy as applied to dust mites, and taxonomically problematic entities are highlighted, such as Blomia kulagini and the sibling species Dermatophagoides farinae and D. microceras. Current keys to dust mites and advances in interactive computer keys are reviewed. An hypothesis of the phylogeny of the family Pyroglyphidae is presented, based on habitat specificity, geographic distribution, and association with birds. The value of predictive classifications based on phylogenies is stressed. Finally, a pictorial key is presented to the mites found in house dust in Scandinavia.
Effect of sulphonylurea on insulin secretion and glucose control in insulin-treated diabetics.
Authors: E A Ward, G M Ward, R C Turner
Journal: BMJ (1981)

past year.In four cases bone-marrow suppression was limited to the myeloid compartment,'-4 whereas in the present case, as in the one reported by Gavras et al,5 the erythroid and megakaryocytic cell lines were all suppressed.In four cases, as in ours, the patients had renal insufficiency.Since captopril is eliminated by the kidney, toxic concentrations of the drug may have developed.Other drugs were given in three cases, including immunosuppressives in one, and one patient was suspected of having underlying blood dyscrasia,4 but our patient had no underlying disease and the combined antihypertensive drugs are not known to cause haematological toxicity.This report emphasises that caution should be used in all patients with renal failure and that frequent blood counts should be made in such patients during treatment with captopril.
Infection with the delta agent in children.
Authors: P Farci, C Barbera, C Navone, F Bortolotti, P Vajro, N Caporaso, A Vegnente, N Ansaldi, M Rizzetto, P Tolentino
Journal: Gut (1985)

Serological evidence of infection with the hepatitis B virus associated delta agent (delta) was found in 34 of 270 Italian children with HBsAg-positive liver disease. In different histological forms of chronic HBsAg hepatitis the prevalence of delta infection increased in parallel with the activity of the disease and was maximal in children with cirrhosis. During two to seven years of follow up the hepatitis deteriorated in 38% of the 34 patients with delta infection and ameliorated only in 9%. By contrast the disease usually ran a mild course in the 236 delta-negative carriers of HBsAg, with remission in 55% of these children and deterioration in only 7%. The outcome of chronic hepatitis associated with delta infection was not influenced by treatment with steroids and azathioprine. Chronic delta infection in children is usually accompanied by serious liver disease, that has a tendency to progress and is unresponsive to conventional immunosuppressive treatment.
Plasma concentrations of endogenous heparinoids in portal hypertension.
Authors: R F McKee, S Hodson, J Dawes, O J Garden, D C Carter
Journal: Gut (1992)

Bleeding as a complication of liver disease can occur in the absence of recognised haemostatic defects. It is now possible to measure the concentration of endogenous heparinoid substances in the blood using a competitive binding assay. One such substance, heparan sulphate (normal range &lt; 600 ng/ml) was assayed in the plasma of 49 patients admitted because of oesophageal varices. In 27 patients with recent upper gastrointestinal bleeding the median plasma heparan sulphate value was 1700 ng/ml (interquartile (IQ) range 900-3900) compared with 390 ng/ml (IQ range 256-800) in 22 patients with no recent bleed (p &lt; 0.01). As heparan sulphate is metabolised by the same route as exogenous heparin, an attempt to establish a cause for the raised heparan concentrations was made by measuring the clearance of exogenous heparin in 10 portal hypertensive patients and 10 controls. The median half life of heparin in plasma in the portal hypertensive patients (25.5 minutes; IQ range 22-34) was significantly longer (p &lt; 0.007) than the median half life in the controls (18.7 minutes; IQ range 17-21.5). Thus, there is evidence of raised concentrations of endogenous heparin like substances in portal hypertensive patients after gastrointestinal bleeding. These high concentrations may result from reduced hepatic clearance.