tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STRICTURE OF THE FEMALE URETHRA
Authors: WINFIELD SCOTT PUGH
Journal: JAMA (1926)

A number of years ago, while acting temporarily in the capacity of cystoscopist to a large gynecologic clinic, I was impressed by the number of women who reported great relief of their urinary symptoms, following a simple cystoscopy. The group of symptoms in these cases was by no means limited to the lower urinary tract, but included those referable to the renal area as well. In other words, the category extended from urethral irritability to signs and symptoms suggesting pronounced renal lesions. This undoubtedly has also been the experience of many urologists, as I have learned from my consultations and correspondence. During the last few years, I have had an abundant opportunity to ascertain the reasons for the temporary relief given this group of patients. It is my belief that the answer has been found in the presence of urethral stricture as a definite pathologic entity.  The archives of medicine
Recent Developments in the Treatment of Obesity with Particular Reference to Semistarvation Ketogenic Regimens
Authors: Bruce R Bistrian
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

Three new techniques have been developed for the treatment of obesity—behavior modification, semistarvation ketogenic regimens, and surgical therapy. Behavior modification appears to be effective for weight maintenance after weight loss through balanced deficit dieting for patients at less than 130 per cent of desirable body weight and semistarvation ketogenic regimens for patients from 130 to 200 per cent of desirable body weight. When indicated, surgical therapy is more efficacious for patients who are in excess of 200 per cent desirable body weight. All three approaches should be considered experimental until a larger experience is acquired and preliminary results are confirmed.
Case 13-1983
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, George L. Nardi, G. Richard Dickersin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Presentation of CaseA 72-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain.He was well until two months earlier, when pain developed in the right side of the abdomen 12 hours after the ingestion of fatty food. An ultrasound study of the gallbladder revealed several gallstones, 5 to 10 cm in diameter. Cephalexin was prescribed, and the pain disappeared after three days. He was then well until the day of admission, when he was awakened at 5 a.m. by a "pressure" pain in the right side of the abdomen, without radiation. He consumed a small breakfast of . . .
Osteoporosis in a patient with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: M. Kawaguchi, Y. Mitsuhashi, S. Kondo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

S ir, Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is characterized by skin fragility, blistering, scarring, nail changes and milia formation. Nutritional disturbance may occur because of increased energy expenditure and oesophageal stenosis. 1 We report a case of RDEB who was treated for osteoporosis with low bone mineral density (BMD). A 25‐year‐old man with RDEB had a history of active extensive blistering from early infancy, necessitating frequent and often prolonged hospital admissions and continuous nursing care. He had nail dystrophy, flexural contractures, oesophageal stenosis, corneal erosion and dental involvement. A clinical diagnosis of RDEB (Hallopeau–Siemens type) was made and confirmed by electron microscopic examination which showed separation below the lamina densa and absence of anchoring fibrils. At 25 years, he developed pain in the lumbar region. Lumbar X‐ray revealed multiple vertebral fractures. Using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry, he was diagnosed as having osteoporosis because of a low BMD [0·3 g/cm2, normal (N): 0·6–0·9].
Effect of Tadalafil on Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: An Integrated Analysis of Storage and Voiding International Prostate Symptom Subscores from Four Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Christopher R. Chapple, Claus G. Roehrborn, Kevin McVary, Dapo Ilo, Carsten Henneges, Lars Viktrup
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Netherlands bans smoking in enclosed public places but allows closed smoking rooms
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2007)

UK NEWS Scientists plead for right to create interspecies embryos, p1238 World NEWS US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� bmj.com �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers
P1-271: Japanese multidisciplinary medical care guideline for patients with lung cancer by non-profit organization of multi-institutional study group (WJTOG)
Authors: Toshiyuki Sawa, Kenji Eguchi, Takashi Ishiguro, Hiroshi Senba, Hideo Saka, Hirohito Tada, Yukito Ichinose, Nobuyuki Katagami, Kaoru Matui, Shinichiro Nakamura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Angiotensin II modulates conducted vasoconstriction to norepinephrine and local electrical stimulation in rat mesenteric arterioles
Authors: F Gustafsson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: Localized application of a vasoconstricting agent onto the wall of an arteriole results not only in a local constriction of the vessel, but also in a conducted vasoconstriction which is detectable more than a millimeter upstream and downstream from the application site. We investigated the effect of intravenous infusion of angiotensin II (ANG II), losartan or methoxamine on conducted vasoconstriction to local application of norepinephrine (NE) or local electrical stimulation onto the surface of rat mesenteric arterioles in vivo. Methods: In anesthetized male Wistar rats (n=43) NE (0.1 mM) or a local depolarizing current was continuously applied onto mesenteric arterioles using micropipettes. Local and conducted vasoconstriction was measured using videomicroscopy. Conducted responses were measured 200–1000 μm upstream from the application site. Results: Systemic infusion of ANG II (4 ng/min) raised mean arterial blood pressure by 6±2 mm Hg and increased the conducted but not the local vasoconstrictor response to NE (P<0.02). Infusion of the α1-agonist methoxamine raised blood pressure to the same extent, but did not change conducted vasoconstriction significantly. Blockade of endogenous ANG II by infusion of the AT1-receptor blocker losartan decreased conducted vasoconstriction to NE (P<0.03). In parallel with the findings using NE, ANG II increased (P<0.05) and losartan decreased (P<0.01) conducted vasoconstriction when local electrical stimulation was used to initiate the conducted vascular response. Conclusion: The findings suggest that conducted vasoconstriction to NE and local electrical stimulation in rat mesenteric arterioles are modulated by ANG II, an increase in the plasma levels of ANG II increasing conducted vasoconstriction.
The Atrioventricular Conduction System in Two Cases of Tricuspid Atresia
Authors: BARBARA GULLER, JAMES W. DUSHANE, JACK L. TITUS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The morphology of the atrioventricular (A-V) conduction system was studied by serial histologic section in two cases of tricuspid atresia type IB (without transposition of the great arteries, with subpulmonary stenosis). The A-V node was adjacent to the central fibrous body, and its location was indicated by a "dimple" in the floor of the right atrium. The left bundle branches originated unusually close to the nodal-bundle junction. The right bundle branch was markedly elongated in its course to the right septal endocardium. It was situated along the inferior aspect of the channel-like ventricular septal defect as it traversed the septum. The early origin of the left bundle branches and the markedly elongated course of the right bundle branch were such that, theoretically, abnormal spread of the activation wave might result.
Diagnosis of Kidney Cancer
Authors: John A. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Clinical, pathological, and roentgenologic findings were correlated in 100 cases of primary renal neoplasm. In 97 cases the diagnosis proved to be hypernephroma. The classic triad of hematuria, pain, and mass was present in only a few cases; a mass was noted in only 15 patients; and 33 patients had no clinical indications of renal disease. Laboratory data were helpful only in cases of hematuria and polycythemia. Conventional urographic studies did not distinguish renal cyst from neoplasm, but nephrotomography made the differential diagnosis with a high degree of accuracy.
EFFECTS OP SYSTEMIC DOXORUBICIN ON DACRON GRAFT INCORPORATION AND HEALING IN DOGS REFLECTED BY PLATELET SURVIVAL TIMES DETERMINED WITH THE USE OF INDIUM-111 OXINE
Authors: D. Rauls, A. Moreno, J. Collins, J. Daniels, G. Parker, L. Penney, T. Brown
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Rauls, D.; Moreno, A.; Collins, J.; Daniels, J.; Parker, G.; Penney, L.; Brown, T. Author Information
Abstract 5783: In vitro ADME properties of ARQ 621: A specific Eg5 inhibitor
Authors: Ronald E. Savage, Caiyun Zhong, Terence Hall, Karen Bresciano, Pengfei Song, Yunxia Wang, Thomas C.K. Chan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract ARQ 621 is a potent and selective allosteric inhibitor of Eg5, a microtubule-based ATPase motor protein involved in cell division. Eg5 inhibition is recognized as a potential therapeutic strategy in cancer, supported by the observation that over-expression of Eg5 causes genomic instability and tumor formation in mice. ARQ 621 is currently being tested in a Phase I clinical trial in cancer patients. Prior to its entry into the clinic, the in vitro ADME properties of ARQ 621 were studied. Data from these studies showed that ARQ 621 had a t1/2 of 53 min in human liver microsomes. The t1/2 of ARQ 621 in male and female mouse, rat, dog and monkey liver microsomes was similar to that of human liver microsomes with t1/2 values of 43, 53, 56, 53, 47, 44, 36, and 32 minutes, respectively. Consistent with the microsomal stability data, in vitro metabolic studies conducted with individual human CYP P450 isoforms indicated that ARQ 621 was relatively stable with t1/2 values all greater than 27 min. IC50 values of ARQ 621 were measured for CYP 1A2, 2C9, 2D6, 3A4, 2C19, and 2C8 and determined to be &amp;gt;20, &amp;gt;20, &amp;gt;20, 4.1, 4.0, and 15 µM, respectively. ARQ 621 was found to modestly induce 1A2 but not 2A6 or 3A4. Data from in vitro Caco 2 studies demonstrated that ARQ 621 has poor GI absorption potential with a Papp value of 0.69 × 10−6 cm/s. Additionally, Caco 2 bi-directional experiments suggested that ARQ 621 may be a P-glycoprotein substrate with an efflux ratio of 45. These data are consistent with rat in vivo oral bioavailability studies in which the bioavailability of ARQ 621 was determined to be approximately 9%. Hence, ARQ 621 was subsequently developed for IV administration only. Protein binding studies conducted in human plasma showed that ARQ 621 is highly bound (∼96.4-99.2%) to plasma proteins. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5783.
Assessing the Severity of Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Barry Massie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Correction1 January 1979Assessing the Severity of Aortic StenosisBARRY MASSIE, M.D.BARRY MASSIE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-1-123_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis is one of the most difficult problems in clinical cardiology. The development of an accurate noninvasive technique to assist in this judgment would indeed be an important advance, and I therefore read the recent article by Schwartz and colleagues (1) with great interest. Unfortunately there are several potentially misleading features of the paper, and I am concerned by the authors' overall conclusion that "an accurate estimate of the aortic valve gradient" can be made in most patients and the need for invasive studies in many patients may be obviated. These...Reference1. SCHWARTZ A, VIGNOLA P, WALKER H, KING M, and GOLDBLATT A: Echocardiographic estimation of aortic-valve gradient in aortic stenosis. Ann Intern Med 89:329-335, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar1. BENNETT D, EVANS D, and RAJ M: Echocardiographic left ventricular dimensions in pressure and volume overload. Their use in assessing aortic stenosis. Br Heart J 37:971-977, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: BARRY MASSIE, M.D.Affiliations: University of California San Francisco, CA 94121 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA Comparison of Aftertreatments to Lower Formaldehyde Release from Cottons Crosslinked with Various Finishing Agents 1 January 1979Volume 90, Issue 1Page: 123-124KeywordsAortic valveStenosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Fusion of the Left Aortic Cusp to the Aortic Wall with Occlusion of the Left Coronary Ostium, and Aortic Stenosis and Insufficiency
Authors: MENASHE B. WAXMAN, YIHONG KONG, VICTOR S. BEHAR, DAVID C. SABISTON, JAMES J. MORRIS
Journal: Circulation (1970)

The case of a 16-year-old girl with a unique anomaly of the coronary arterial tree is presented. This report concerns the first known case of isolated adherence of the left coronary aortic valve cusp to the aortic wall. This produced total obstruction of the left coronary artery ostium, angina pectoris, syncope, aortic stenosis, and aortic insufficiency. Freeing the adherent cusp from the aortic wall restored patency of the left coronary artery, relieved the aortic insufficiency, and resulted in disappearance of the angina pectoris and syncope. This case adds to the growing spectrum of nonatherosclerotic coronary abnormalities which are capable of producing myocardial ischemia.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis, Formula Feeding, and Colostrum
Authors: Hans Chr. Børresen
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their article "Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates," Brown and Sweet (240:2452, 1978) conclude that infants at risk "must not be fed early" by mouth. They rightly advocate total intravenous feeding until oral feeding can be established. A word of caution is in order regarding the advice to postpone oral feeding. It is evident that formula feeding is what the authors have in mind. There are good reasons to believe that the conclusion will be exactly the opposite if natural breast-feeding, including early intake of raw colostrum, is meant. Fresh breast milk protects against intestinal infections.<sup>1</sup>Indeed, experimental work with rats<sup>2</sup>has shown that suckling protects newborn rats against necrotizing enterocolitis induced experimentally by hypoxia, while formula feeding allows the fulminant disease to develop. Necrotizing enterocolitis is rare in Norway. A recent report from our hospital<sup>3</sup>suggests that the common practice of early breast-feeding
The Waking Brain.
Authors: L. M. N. Bach
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The new and enlarged edition of this superbly lucid book will be welcomed equally by the serious student and the casual dilettante. In his usual delightful style, Professor Magoun illustrates his appreciation of the issues basic to the form and function of the brain. His intrinsic anatomical approach repeatedly shines through the murk of interdisciplinary approaches to brain function. His first chapter, on historical aspects, is imaginatively done despite almost excessive illustration. Repeated hints of his own search for a universal natural truth appear, viz: a comparison between geological and neurological stratifications—a sort of philosopher's Liesegang ring, as it were. An authoritative chapter on regulation of spinal reflexes regrettably adheres primarily to Eccles' version of synaptic events, whereas the views of Bishop, quoted in the first edition, seem more relevant to brain function. It is also disappointing that the author persists in his own version of sources of activation for
THE SCIENTIFIC DUTIES OF MEMBERS OF MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
Authors: H. B. HEMENWAY
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read before the Kalamazoo District Medical and Surgical Association, Sept. 25, 1883.] The physician is a scientist and an artist. In but few individuals do we find the two combined in equal proportions. In some the artistic principles are predominant. Others have come to devote nearly their whole attention to the science of physic. The latter form by far the less numerous class. The art and the science are therefore distinct, but they are also intimately connected. The former, as old as the human race probably, is very successful when founded upon scientific principles; while the other had its origin in the art. We have just said that the art is only successful when it is founded upon scientific principles, and yet it is a well-known fact that the most learned are often very poor practitioners. On the other hand a very ignorant man may be eminently successful, especially in
Coronary thrombolysis and infarct size reduction after intravenous infusion of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in nonhuman primates.
Authors: W Flameng, F Van de Werf, J Vanhaecke, M Verstraete, D Collen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Occlusive thrombus was produced by thrombin-induced coagulation in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) of 16 open-chest baboons. In six control animals, occlusive thrombosis persisting over a period of 4 h as evidenced by coronary arteriography resulted in large transmural infarction (63.1 +/- 3.5% of the perfusion area). In 10 animals, tissue-type plasminogen activator obtained by recombinant DNA technology (rt-PA) was infused systemically at a rate of 1,000 IU (10 micrograms)/kg per min for 30 min after 30-80 min of coronary thrombosis. Reperfusion occurred within 30 min in nine animals. In one animal, intravenous infusion was followed by an intracoronary infusion at the same rate, which resulted in thrombolysis within 8 min. In the rt-PA group, mean duration of occlusion before reperfusion was 77 +/- 24 min. Reocclusion occurred in one animal. Recanalization resulted in an overall reduction of infarct size (37.8 +/- 5.9%, P less than 0.05 versus controls). Residual infarction was related to the duration of occlusion (r = 0.80, P less than 0.01). Reperfusion was associated with reduced reflow. Myocardial blood flow in the perfusion area of the LAD was only 70% of normal after 4 h despite perfect angiographic refilling. The infusion of rt-PA was not associated with systemic activation of the fibrinolytic system, fibrinogen breakdown, or clinically evident bleeding. It is concluded that intravenous infusion of rt-PA may recanalize thrombosed coronary vessels without inducing systemic lysis. The extent of residual infarction is closely related to the duration of coronary artery occlusion before thrombolysis.
Environmental pollution and child health in central and Eastern Europe.
Authors: E F Fitzgerald, L M Schell, E G Marshall, D O Carpenter, W A Suk, J E Zejda
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

For the last 50 years, the economic and industrial development of the nations of Central and Eastern Europe has been achieved at the cost of environmental degradation. The health risks posed by this pollution to children and the steps necessary to ameliorate such risks are only beginning to be investigated. At a recent conference in Poland, sponsored in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, participants from 11 countries in the region, together with scientists from Western Europe and the United States, met to share information regarding pediatric environmental health in Central and Eastern Europe, to consider methodologic issues in the design and conduct of such studies, and to discuss preventive strategies. This report summarizes the deliberations, outlines problem areas such as heavy metals and air pollution, delineates research and training needs to help Central and Eastern Europeans deal more effectively with such problems, and recommends specific future actions and collaborative efforts.
PMO-102 Membranous expression of sulfatase-2 is associated with a poorer prognosis in patients following pancreatic cancer resection
Authors: D Televantou, K Y D Hui, R Lochan, R Charnley, A D Burt, H L Reeves
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Pancreatic adenocarcinomas are resistant to medical therapies and associated with a poor prognosis. Sulfatase 2 (SULF2) is one of two extracellular heparan sulphate 6-<i>O</i>-endosulfatases that modulate ligand activated FGF and Wnt signalling. SULF2 expression is dramatically upregulated at mRNA levels in pancreatic cancers (NCBI GEO). We have investigated SULF2 protein expression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas, in association with clinicopathological parameters. <h3>Methods</h3> Immunohistochemistry for SULF2 was performed on archived FFPE (Formalin-Fixed paraffin Embedded) blocks from 21 resected primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas, most of which were histologically defined as ductal (19/21, 90.5%). Membranous and cytoplasmic expression of SULF2 in tumour and stromal cells were separately assessed. Additionally, immunostaining for α-Smooth Muscle Actin (a-SMA) was performed for further cell characterisation. <h3>Results</h3> SULF2 was expressed in tumour cells in the majority of the tumours (18/21, 86%). This expression was either cytoplasmic (13/21, 61.9%), membranous (12/21, 57.1%) or both (17/21, 80.9%). Membranous positivity was found almost exclusively in tumours with low differentiated areas (11/12, p=0.007). Membranous overexpression was also associated with shorter patient survival (p=0.011). Spindle-shaped cells of desmoplastic tumour stroma showed strong cytoplasmic positivity in all tumours studied (21/21, 100%). These cells were also positive for a-SMA, a marker of activated pancreatic stellate cells. Non-neoplastic pancreas showed only focal positivity for SULF2; this involved mainly endothelial, and scattered epithelial cells of exocrine pancreas. <h3>Conclusion</h3> SULF2 over- expression is common in pancreatic adenocarcinomas, in both the ductal cancer cells as well as the desmoplastic tumour stroma. Tumour cell membranous localisation and over expression is associated with a more aggressive tumour behaviour and poorer patient survival. SULF2 is a novel candidate biomarker in patients for pancreatic cancer, identifying those with a poorer prognosis, as well as those who may benefit from therapies inhibiting SULF2. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.