tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disease progression and liver cancer in the ferroportin disease
Authors: E. Corradini, F. Ferrara, T. Pollicino, A. Vegetti, G. L. Abbati, L. Losi, G. Raimondo, A. Pietrangelo
Journal: Gut (2007)

Ferroportin-associated iron overload (also known as the ferroportin disease) was clinically recognised in 1999,1 and linked in 2001 to the A77D mutation of ferroportin (FPN).2 Owing to the mild clinical expressivity reported in the literature, doubts have been raised on the penetrance of the genetic defect and the rationale for iron-removal therapy.3 However, so far, no prospective data have been collected pertaining to this disorder.

We have had the opportunity to study six members of a pedigree carrying the A77D mutation of FPN for 11–24 years in whom the disease was first described.1,2

The proband (subject V13, table 1) was diagnosed at the age 59 years. After being on weekly phlebotomy for 2 years, he was on a maintenance programme for 18 years (one phlebotomy every 3 months). At the age of 79 years, he refused to continue on phlebotomy. In 2006, at the …
On-line Analysis of the Exercise Electrocardiogram
Authors: L. T. SHEFFIELD, J. H. HOLT, F. M. LESTER, D. V. CONROY, T. J. REEVES
Journal: Circulation (1969)

A computer program has been developed which clarifies the distorted exercise ECG and performs desired measurements of it which are reported in the laboratory almost immediately, so that the program can be used as an aid to exercise test monitoring. We have introduced a new measurement of the ECG, the negative ST (—ST) integral, which while unfamiliar to the eye is readily performed by computer. A —ST integral value of 7.5 µv-sec during exercise served to separate a normal group from a group with angina pectoris. Strenuous exercise was often necessary to elicit positive responses in diseased subjects, and the graded exercise test was found well-suited for this purpose. Use of a computer program as an investigative instrument in its own right, rather than as a means of duplicating classical human measurements, shows promise for improving the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease.
Abstract C28: N-Myc interactor: A gatekeeper of malignant progression
Authors: Rajeev S. Samant, Daniel J. Devine, Jack W. Rostas, Brandon J. Metge, Lalita A. Shevde
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Metastasis is the most lethal attribute of cancer progression. It is becoming increasingly evident that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the critical events in the metastatic process of solid tumors. Thus, understanding the molecular signaling that negatively influences EMT is of high importance. Here, we present interesting findings about the novel involvement of N-Myc Interactor (NMI) in restricting EMT. We observed that NMI expression is significantly compromised in advanced breast malignancies. Restoring its expression restricts malignant activities of breast cancer cell lines in vivo and in vitro. Specifically, exogenous expression reduces invasive and migratory potential of tumor cells along with remarkable morphologic transition towards an epithelial appearance. In addition, several key EMT markers such as TWIST, MMP2, SNAI2 and ZEB2 were reduced along with a concomitant gain of epithelial markers such as E-cadherin and Keratin 18. Conversely, silencing NMI from an immortalized breast epithelial line rendered the cells more mesenchymal. Studies using a variety of additional epithelial cell lines consistently revealed that silencing NMI expression coincided with increased expression of both ZEB2 and SNAI2, while NMI overexpression resulted in decreased expression. These expression profile changes were accompanied with significant changes in cell morphology in both 2-dimensional and 3D culture systems. Thus expression of NMI appears to be necessary and sufficient for maintaining the epithelial phenotype. TGF-β signaling is one of the key signaling pathways that influence EMT. We observed that NMI negatively regulates SMAD driven transcription. We noticed that NMI is able to contribute to this regulation by positively regulating the expression of the inhibitory SMAD, SMAD7. Overall, our data strongly suggests that loss of NMI may be one of the pivotal events in deregulation of TGF-β/SMAD signaling in invasive breast cancers. This loss leads to increased expression of EMT-inducing transcription factors that drive tumor growth and EMT-dependent malignant progression. Citation Format: Rajeev S. Samant, Daniel J. Devine, Jack W. Rostas, Brandon J. Metge, Lalita A. Shevde. N-Myc interactor: A gatekeeper of malignant progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C28.
Wilhelmina Mary Harcourt Behan (née Hughes)
Authors: Miles Behan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

​ProfessorProfessor of muscle pathology Glasgow (b 1939; q Bristol 1962; MD, FRCP, FRCPath), died from primary peritoneal adenocarcinoma on 19 March 2005.




Figure 1




After house jobs in Bristol Wilhelmina trained in pathology in Cambridge. She then spent the next seven years working in Boston, Massachusetts. She was appointed senior lecturer in pathology at Glasgow University in 1979. Here she pursued her interest in neuromuscular diseases, particularly polymyositis and chronic fatigue syndrome, for which she was internationally renowned. She also diagnosed the first post mortem case of AIDS in Scotland. She leaves a husband, three children, and two grandchildren.
Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Alterations and Regional Disorders of Contraction During Myocardial Ischemia Induced by Atrial Pacing
Authors: EDWARD M. DWYER
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Left ventricular function, pressure-volume relationships, and wall motion were studied by sequential cineventriculography during acute myocardial ischemia, induced by atrial pacing, in 10 subjects. Observations made in this group were contrasted to data obtained during atrial pacing in a smaller normal group. An acute alteration in the pressure-volume relation occurred in five subjects during ischemia with an elevation of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, associated with a declining end-diastolic volume. A deterioration in ventricular function, as manifested by a rightward shift of the ventricular function curve, was also observed in eight of the angina group. A more severe instance of myocardial failure was seen in one patient, who, during angina, demonstrated a marked increase of both left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and end-diastolic volume. Asynergy of left ventricular contraction occurred acutely during angina and was usually manifested by regional akinesis or hypokinesis. Diminished wall motion was often found in more than one region, reflecting multiple vessel involvement. We were generally able to correlate the dynamc alteration in wall motion with deteriorating ventricular function.
German doctors accused of boosting pay by offering “unnecessary extras”
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2007)

the chief medical officer for England, has named, in his latest annual report, "unacceptably poor" hand hygiene in hospitals and the chronic lack of organs for transplantation as the two most pressing public health issues.Despite improvements in some hand hygiene practices, he said, such as more widespread use of alcohol based handrubs, the percentage of healthcare staff complying with hand cleaning protocols seldom exceeded 60%-and was often even lower."Patients find it astonishing and alarming that often nurses and doctors do not routinely wash their hands," said Professor Donaldson."However, they often don't feel able to ask doctors or nurses if they've washed their hands."He said it might be possible to empower patients by providing them with their own alcohol based handrubs, which they would be able to offer to clinical staff.A pilot study to test this was already being organised in an NHS hospital, overseen by the hospital hygiene expert Didier Pittet of the World Health Organization.Professor Donaldson also renewed calls for the introduction of an opt-out system for organ donation, in which it would be assumed that people were willing to donate their organs unless they specified otherwise.This was, he said, vital to save lives "among a group of people who are currently dying at a rate of one a day."He said: "There is a shortage of organs in this country, as there is in other countries, and the situation is getting worse."He acknowledged that parliament had already rejected such an opt-out system, but he added: "Confronted with the worsening situation, people who opposed it in the past may now wish to change their minds.
Obstructing Prostatic Calculi in a Eunuch
Authors: Douglas S. Dahl
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Fifty years after surgical castration, an elderly man developed bladder outlet obstruction due to massive prostatic calculi. The composition of the calculi was characteristic of prostatic concretions which form in normal men. This case questions those theories which attribute prostatic calculi to precipitation of the salts contained in testosterone-stimulated prostatic secretions.
The mechanism of K+-induced vasodilation of the coronary vascular bed of the dog.
Authors: P A Murray, H V Sparks
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

We tested a number of hypotheses concerning the mechanism of K+-induced vasodilation of the coronary vascular bed. Blood flow in the circumflex artery was measured in pentobarbital-anesthetized, open-chest dogs. Intracircumflex artery bolus injections of 40 mumol of isomotic KCl produced decreases in coronary vascular resistance ranging from 34% to 48%, depending on the initial resistance of the vascular bed. K+ administration had no effect on heart rate and produced a 4 mm Hg decrease in mean arterial pressure. K+ injection caused a 0.2 vol% increase in coronary sinus O2 content in a preparation in which left common coronary flow was held constant. The magnitude of K+-induced vasodilation was not significantly affected by the administration of propranolol, atropine, phentolamine, or lidocaine. K+-induced vasodilation was attenuated (50%) by ouabain plus lidocaine. Acetylcholine-induced vasodilation was not significantly diminished by ouabain plus lidocaine. We conclude that the mechanism of K+-induced vasodilation does not involve an increase in the metabolic activity of the heart or an interaction between K+ and tissue neural elements. Our data do support the hypothesis that K+-induced vasodilation is at least partly the result of an activation of the electrogenic Na+-K+ transport system of coronary smooth muscle.
Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Patients Should Be Cared for by Intensivists
Authors: Harris P. Baden, John Berger, Richard I. Brilli, Jeffrey P. Burns, Paul A. Checchia, Heidi J. Dalton, Vinay Nadkarni, Murray Pollack, Randall C. Wetzel, Jerry J. Zimmerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Tenth Annual AMA Science Reporters Conference Focuses on Variety of Public Health Issues
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE TENTH annual American Medical Association's (AMA) Science Reporters Conference began with discussion on "Funding Guidelines and Ethical Issues for Medical Broadcasters and Medical Education," led by members of the National Association of Physician Broadcasters. Among the insights elicited by the dialogue was the realization that physician reporters often have an agenda quite different from that of their nonphysician colleagues. While physician reporters generally seek to disseminate information that will promote public health, many lay reporters believe their role is to inform the public about the news, whether that news will be beneficial or harmful. The AMA conference, which was held in Atlanta, Ga, was cosponsored by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Emory University School of Medicine, both on the outskirts of Atlanta. Not surprisingly, more than half the program was devoted to public health issues, ranging from lead poisoning to chronic fatigue syndrome to a demonstration of
Carcinogenesis and Cyanoacrylate Adhesives
Authors: Teruo Matsumoto
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In a Letter to the Editor (<b>201</b>:1052, 1967), Stephen C. Woodward, MD, Washington, DC, commenting upon the editorial entitled "Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesives" (<b>201</b>:195, 1967) stated: "The probability of tumor induction by a slowly absorbed cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive appeared to be nonexistent." In the study of carcinogenesis by plastic films,<sup>1,2</sup>it has been reported that when a plastic film is imbedded subcutaneously in animals, it becomes encapsulated by a sheath or pocket of connective tissue. It has also been shown that both the film and the pocket are necessary in the oncogenic process. Films of organic polymers as well as metal foils have been consistently tumorigenic in animals, whereas powders of the same materials, which cause no pocket formation, yield no tumors. When films of polystyrene were used, no tumors appeared if the film was removed at any period up to six months after imbedding;
The role of fibroblasts in tissue engineering and regeneration
Authors: T. Wong, J.A. McGrath, H. Navsaria
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells that can be readily cultured in the laboratory and play a significant role in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, secreting various growth factors and cytokines that have a direct effect on epidermal proliferation, differentiation and formation of extracellular matrix. They have been incorporated into various tissue-engineered products such as Dermagraft (Advanced BioHealing, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.) and Apligraf (Novartis, Basel, Switzerland) and used for a variety of clinical applications, including the treatment of burns, chronic venous ulcers and several other clinical applications in dermatology and plastic surgery. In this article we review the cell biology of dermal fibroblasts and discuss past and current experience of the clinical use of cultured fibroblasts.
Familial D∼D Translocation
Authors: Jorge J. Yunis, Milton Alter, Ernest B. Hook, Mary Mayer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN 1960 Lejeune et al.1 described a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome whose karyogram showed an XXY sex complement and, in addition, a D∼D balanced translocation resulting from centric fusion of the long arms of 2 chromosomes of the D (13–15) group. Two years later Walker and Harris2 reported a pedigree including 11 members with a similar translocation as well as 8 normal persons, 5 miscarriages and an infant with chest defects and cleft palate who died two days after birth. Walker and Harris also cited personal communications describing 2 patients: a sixty-one-year-old man with myocardial infarct and a six-year-old boy . . .
The Relationship between Gamma Glutamyl Transferase Levels and the Clinical Outcomes in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary PCI
Authors: Mehmet Gül, Hüseyin Uyarel, Mehmet Ergelen, Ahmet Ekmekci, Ender Özal, Ahmet Murat, Seref Kul, Omer Çelik, Gürkan Karaca, Faruk Akturk, Abdurrrahman Eksik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Gunshot Wound of the Brain: Death after Seven Weeks
Authors: A. Newington
Journal: BMJ (1881)

THE BIUTISH MEDICAL 7OUANAL.593 ment in the early stages, acting as diaphoretics and diuretics, and thus clearing the system.Vapour-baths have a useful and soothing effect, and divert and occupy the attention.Cannabis indica is useful to pro.mote sleep and soothe the patient.As soon as the restless craving has abated, we must order exercise and light occupation, together with a mild diet, including a free use of fruit, but avoiding butchers' meat.The red cinchona bark is certainly useful in restoring nerve-power, while caffein and coca can be taken when special nerve-exhaustion arises.The various nerve-tonics, as quinine, arsenic, and strychnine, can be given with benefit.Iron is not so useful, unless in the presence of anemia.Total and constant abstinence from stimulants is essential.After recovery, to prevent a relapse, as well as in the course of treat- ment, Religion certainly has a fortifying infuence in aiding the resistance to the craving, which will return from time to time.It is also import- ant to avoid old associations and habits.My observations in America have convinced me that, under judicious management, a laTge propor- tion of dipsomaniacs may be recovered.At present, no sufficient opportunity exists in this country for their treatment.Efforts are being made to establish a pattern inebriate home in this country; and a meet- ing is to be held at the Mansion House on MIay 17th, at 3 P.M., to start such an institution, to be called the Dalrymple Retreat for Inebriates.
Enhanced Cardiac Contractility After Gene Transfer of V2 Vasopressin Receptors In Vivo by Ultrasound-Guided Injection or Transcoronary Delivery
Authors: Hans-Jörg Weig, Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz, Alessandra Moretti, Kai Kronsbein, Christian Städele, Stefan Brüning, Melchior Seyfarth, Thomas Brill, Albert Schömig, Martin Ungerer
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Systemic levels of arginine vasopressin (AVP) are increased in congestive heart failure, resulting in vasoconstriction and reduced cardiac contractility via V 1 vasopressin receptors. V 2 vasopressin receptors (V2Rs), which promote activation of adenylyl cyclase, are physiologically expressed only in the kidney and are absent in the myocardium. Heterologous expression of V2Rs in the myocardium could result in a positive inotropic effect by using the endogenous high concentrations of AVP in heart failure. Methods and Results —We tested gene transfer with a recombinant adenovirus for the human V2R (Ad-V2R) to stimulate contractility of rat or rabbit myocardium in vivo. Ultrasound-guided direct injection or transcoronary delivery of adenovirus in vivo resulted in recombinant receptor expression in the myocardial target area, leading to a substantial increase in [ 3 H]AVP binding. In 50% of the cardiomyocytes isolated from the directly injected area, single-cell shortening measurements detected a significant increase in contraction amplitude after exposure to AVP or the V2R-specific desmopressin (DDAVP). Echocardiography of the target myocardial area documented a marked increase in local fractional shortening after systemic administration of DDAVP in V2R-expressing animals but not in control virus–treated hearts. Simultaneous measurement of global contractility (dP/dt max ) confirmed a positive inotropic effect of DDAVP on left ventricular function in the Ad-V2R–injected animals. Conclusions —Adenoviral gene transfer of the V2R into the myocardium increases cardiac contractility in vivo. Heterologous expression of cAMP-forming receptors in the myocardium could lead to novel strategies in the therapy of congestive heart failure by bypassing the desensitized β-adrenergic receptor–signaling cascade.
NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES TO STREPTOCOCCAL DIPHOSPHOPYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDASE IN THE SERUM OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS AND HUMAN BEINGS
Authors: Aaron Kellner, Elizabeth B. Freeman, Arthur S. Carlson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1958)

Specific neutralizing antibodies directed against streptococcal DPNase were induced experimentally in rabbits and guinea pigs by the injection of partially purified preparations of the enzyme. Similar antibodies capable of inhibiting the biological activity of the enzyme were found to occur naturally in the serum of a very high percentage of human beings, and the titer of these antibodies often rose sharply following streptococcal infections. The antibody response to streptococcal DPNase in general paralleled that to streptolysin O, though in some instances antibodies to one increased when those to the other did not.
Marihuana and Alcohol
Authors: David R. Reuben
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> During the past two years a flood of material, both in the medical literature and in the lay press, has related to the use and effects of marihuana. On analysis and reflection, I have been astounded to note that virtually every deleterious effect ascribed to marihuana is also produced by alcohol. Conversely, there are many serious effects resulting from the short-term or long-term use of alcohol which are not produced by marihuana; specifically, liver cirrhosis, gastritis, and profound brain damage. It is difficult to avoid the irony that the use of marihuana is a felony while the use of ethyl alcohol is often a social grace. If one is inclined to reduce the use of marihuana from a felony to a misdemeanor, it is only just to consider use of alcohol a similar minor criminal offense. Following the 14th annual conference of mental health representatives of state
Prolactin Inhibits BCL6 Expression in Breast Cancer through a Stat5a-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Thai H. Tran, Fransiscus E. Utama, Justin Lin, Ning Yang, Ashley B. Sjolund, Amy Ryder, Kevin J. Johnson, Lynn M. Neilson, Chengbao Liu, Kristin L. Brill, Anne L. Rosenberg, Agnieszka K. Witkiewicz, Hallgeir Rui
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

BCL6 is a transcriptional repressor that recognizes DNA target sequences similar to those recognized by signal transducer and activator of transcriptions 5 (Stat5). BCL6 disrupts differentiation of breast epithelia, is downregulated during lactation, and is upregulated in poorly differentiated breast cancer. In contrast, Stat5a mediates prolactin-induced differentiation of mammary epithelia, and loss of Stat5 signaling in human breast cancer is associated with undifferentiated histology and poor prognosis. Here, we identify the mammary cell growth factor prolactin as a potent suppressor of BCL6 protein expression in human breast cancer through a mechanism that requires Stat5a, but not prolactin-activated Stat5b, MEK-ERK, or PI3K-AKT pathways. Prolactin rapidly suppressed BCL6 mRNA in T47D, MCF7, ZR75.1, and SKBr3 breast cancer cell lines, followed by prolonged reduction of BCL6 protein levels within 3 hours. Prolactin suppression of BCL6 was enhanced by overexpression of Stat5a but not Stat5b, was mimicked by constitutively active Stat5a, but did not require the transactivation domain of Stat5a. Stat5 chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated physical interaction with a BCL6 gene regulatory region, and BCL6 transcript repression required histone deacetylase activity based on sensitivity to trichostatin A. Functionally, BCL6 overexpression disrupted prolactin induction of Stat5 reporter genes. Prolactin suppression of BCL6 was extended to xenotransplant tumors in nude mice in vivo and to freshly isolated human breast cancer explants ex vivo. Quantitative immunohistochemistry revealed elevated BCL6 in high-grade and metastatic breast cancer compared with ductal carcinoma in situ and nonmalignant breast, and cellular BCL6 protein levels correlated negatively with nuclear Stat5a (r = -0.52; P < 0.001) but not with Stat5b. Loss of prolactin-Stat5a signaling and concomitant upregulation of BCL6 may represent a regulatory switch facilitating undifferentiated histology and poor prognosis of breast cancer.