tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Manifestations of Experimental Lymphatic Insufficiency
Authors: Raymond Tabibiazar, Lauren Cheung, Jennifer Han, Jeffrey Swanson, Andreas Beilhack, Andrew An, Soheil S Dadras, Ned Rockson, Smita Joshi, Roger Wagner, Stanley G Rockson
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Sustained lymph stagnation engenders a pathological response that is complex and not well characterized. Tissue inflammation in lymphedema may reflect either an active or passive consequence of impaired immune traffic.We studied an experimental model of acute post-surgical lymphedema in the tails of female hairless, immunocompetent SKH-1 mice. We performed in vivo imaging of impaired immune traffic in experimental, murine acquired lymphatic insufficiency. We demonstrated impaired mobilization of immunocompetent cells from the lymphedematous region. These findings correlated with histopathological alterations and large-scale transcriptional profiling results. We found intense inflammatory changes in the dermis and the subdermis. The molecular pattern in the RNA extracted from the whole tissue was dominated by the upregulation of genes related to acute inflammation, immune response, complement activation, wound healing, fibrosis, and oxidative stress response.We have characterized a mouse model of acute, acquired lymphedema using in vivo functional imaging and histopathological correlation. The model closely simulates the volume response, histopathology, and lymphoscintigraphic characteristics of human acquired lymphedema, and the response is accompanied by an increase in the number and size of microlymphatic structures in the lymphedematous cutaneous tissues. Molecular characterization through clustering of genes with known functions provides insights into processes and signaling pathways that compose the acute tissue response to lymph stagnation. Further study of genes identified through this effort will continue to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and lead to potential therapeutic strategies for lymphatic vascular insufficiency.
Controlled Studies of Oral Immunosuppressive Drugs in Lupus Nephritis
Authors: SIMON CARETTE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

From 1969 to 1975, 53 patients with lupus nephritis took part in randomized trials comparing prednisone, oral azathioprine plus low-dose prednisone, and oral cyclophosphamide plus low-dose prednisone. After a mean follow-up of 85 months, cyclophosphamide appears marginally superior to prednisone for maintaining renal function (p = 0.03) and preventing end-stage renal failure (p = 0.07). Chronic change shown by renal biopsy assessed by a chronicity index was found useful in predicting renal function outcomes and response to immunosuppressive therapy. Three of 21 patients with a low chronicity index and 9 of 10 patients with a high chronicity index doubled their serum creatinine (p < 0.00003). The probability of renal functional deterioration was not different among the treatments studied. However, in 14 patients with an intermediate chronicity index, 1 of 11 patients treated with azathioprine or cyclophosphamide doubled the serum creatinine level whereas all 3 patients treated with prednisone have progressed to end-stage renal failure (p = 0.005). The study suggests that single-drug oral immunosuppressive treatment combined with prednisone is most beneficial in lupus patients with intermediate chronic change shown by renal biopsy.
Bombs and tunnels
Authors: J. O. Drife
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Visiting Vietnam in 2011 produces mixed feelings if you were a student in the 1960s. The “American war,” as of course the Vietnamese people call it, was beginning when I entered medical school and ending when I graduated. The British prime minister had resisted US pressure to send troops (those were the days, eh?) but did not denounce America’s epic struggle to save the world from communism.

As our cruise ship approached Hai Phong I felt more than my …
Association of Impaired Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Perfusion Grade With Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation Following Fibrinolytic Therapy for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: C. Michael Gibson, Yuri B. Pride, Jacqueline L. Buros, Erin Lord, Amy Shui, Sabina A. Murphy, Duane S. Pinto, Peter J. Zimetbaum, Marc S. Sabatine, Christopher P. Cannon, Mark E. Josephson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Future Funding for Medical Care
Authors: Robert D. Gillette
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Blendon et al (1981; 245:1843) described economic projections that indicate that funding for health care in the United States may stop increasing at its historic rate in the 1980s. This is important information that the profession ignores at its peril. I would like to suggest, however, that the title "An Era of Stress for Health Institutions" is not completely appropriate, since it presupposes that stress is an inevitable companion of change. The reality is that for institutions, as for individuals, stress relates to inability to accept or cope with change. Blendon et al are not predicting an absolute reduction in national income but only a reduction in the rate of growth. This will be no disaster for a country as rich as ours but it will compel a long-overdue reassessment of health care priorities. As Medalie<sup>1</sup>has recently observed: "Just as economic conditions dictate that the individual
AN UNUSUAL EYE ACCIDENT
Authors: W. E. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1924)

V. M., a boy aged 6, previously healthy, with no former eye trouble, while playing with a whirligig at school, Jan. 15, 1924, was injured when the string broke and the whirligig hit him in the left eye. There was profuse bleeding from the eye at the time of the accident. He was taken to a physician, who gave first aid. He had no further treatment until I saw him. I examined the eye, April 9, finding the lids, conjunctiva and sclera normal. Examination of the cornea showed a scar running from the lower border of the pupil to the cornea sclera margin at 6 o'clock, two small ciliary arteries, running on each side of the scar coming up from below. At the upper part of the scar, a small hair was projecting through an open ing into the anterior chamber. The hair was 7 mm. long, extending down to
Serendipitous Detection of Pleural Collection during Blood Pool Imaging for Gl Bleeding
Authors: JAMES CROTTY, SHIV M. GUPTA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A large pleural collection was detected serendipitously in an elderly man during routine Gl bleeding scan with Tc-99m labeled red blood cells. It was confirmed on a chest radiograph, and prompt aspiration of the fluid resulted in quick recovery.
Medical Council of India orders doctors' suspension for drug industry junket
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The Medical Council of India has ordered a six month suspension of the licences of 15 doctors who travelled to the United Kingdom in 2012 on what the council says was a trip paid for by a drug company.

The order, issued last week, came amid longstanding concerns that some doctors in India may be accepting travel support and hospitality from drug companies, thus breaching ethical guidelines issued by the council nearly six years ago. Most of the 15 doctors named in the council’s order are neurologists or neurosurgeons, and all practise in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

A non-governmental organisation called the Health Rights Forum had complained to the council …
Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2014: II. ARDS, airway management, ventilation, adjuvants in sepsis, hepatic failure, symptoms assessment and management, palliative care and support for families, prognostication, organ donation, outcome, organisation and research methodology
Authors: Anders Perner, Giuseppe Citerio, Jan Bakker, Matteo Bassetti, Dominique Benoit, Maurizio Cecconi, J. Randall Curtis, Gordon S. Doig, Margaret Herridge, Samir Jaber, Michael Joannidis, Laurent Papazian, Mark J. Peters, Pierre Singer, Martin Smith, Marcio Soares, Antoni Torres, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Jean-François Timsit, Elie Azoulay
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2015)

Giuseppe Citerio Jan Bakker Matteo Bassetti Dominique Benoit Maurizio Cecconi J. Randall Curtis Gordon S. Doig Margaret Herridge Samir Jaber Michael Joannidis Laurent Papazian Mark J. Peters Pierre Singer Martin Smith Marcio Soares Antoni Torres Antoine Vieillard-Baron Jean-Francois Timsit Elie Azoulay Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2014: II. ARDS, airway management, ventilation, adjuvants in sepsis, hepatic failure, symptoms assessment and management, palliative care and support for families, prognostication, organ donation, outcome, organisation and research methodology
Refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura treated with the soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor etanercept
Authors: Gregory Litton
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Crypt loss, pericapillary hemorrhage, and severe gastrointestinal graft-versus-host diseaseTo the Editor: The very complete study of Melson et al. [1] demonstrates the value of crypt loss as a marker of severity in acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a series of colonic biopsies in twenty seven patients.Interestingly, the authors underline that ''crypt loss was not evident in the absence of accompanying apoptosis, confirming prior reports that the presence of crypt loss is specific of gastrointestinal GVHD and accompanies the presence of apoptosis''.They also report that in the three patients of their series who underwent simultaneous biopsy of the colon and upper gastrointestinal tract, severe crypt loss was also present in the duodenum.This point is important because it indicates an extensive disease of the whole digestive tract.In a previous study of ninety five patients with upper gastrointestinal biopsies [2], we also found such an extensive GVHD of the whole digestive tract in the fourteen patients with concomitant duodenal and colonic biopsies.Moreover, we found that the number of apoptotic cells was significantly correlated with the severity of GVHD in this series.In an experimental model of acute GVHD, we demonstrated that endothelial cells, as well as epithelial cells can be the target of the allogeneic reaction, and that both types of cells undergo apoptosis through the activation of the Fas/ FasL pathway [3].In human, cutaneous endothelial cell damage was reported in chronic GVHD, with progressive loss of microvessels [4].We also found endothelial cell apoptosis in duodenal biopsies of patients with acute GVHD, with resulting pericapillary hemorrhage, and this latter damage was significantly correlated with GVHD severity [5].Taken together, these concordant results suggest that apoptosis of target cells, both epithelial, with crypt loss, and endothelial, with pericapillary hemorrhage, induces severe extensive damage in the digestive tract.Moreover, the loss of crypts, whose epithelium contain cells able to repair the upper part of the digestive epithelium, can also contribute to poor therapeutic response, by impairing the mechanism of digestive tract tissue repair.
Don't Ban the Sunset in Pharmaceutical Advertising If It Doesn't Darken the Sky
Authors: Thomas S. Huddle
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes On the distinction between ascriptive and descriptive (or formal vs. substantive) autonomy, see Fallon (Citation1994). David Strauss discusses the difficulty of an autonomy rationale for regulating speech that is not false but that may generate ill-considered behavior. See Strauss (Citation1991). Both the potential efficacy and the limitations of human rationality are prominent themes in contemporary work on judgment and decision making. See, for example, Kahneman and Klein (Citation2009). Whether DTCA helps or harms is heatedly debated at present. Reviews have produced conflicting results. See, for example, Mintzes (Citation2012) and Capella et al. (Citation2009). It is noteworthy that negative assessments of the health impact of DTCA emphasize advertising of drugs subsequently taken off the market due to side effects not detected in pre-approval clinical trials (e.g., Mintzes Citation2012). It is unclear that DTCA should be blamed for these adverse effects on health; see Beales (Citation2011, 28).
Positive Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Early Inverted Papilloma of the Maxillary Sinus
Authors: Ka-Wo Lee, Wen-Rei Kuo, Cheng-Chien Tsai, Yu-Wen Chen, Chee-Yin Chai, Yue-Chiu Su, Chang-Shen Lin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)
Antibodies to Oligodendroglia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: O. Abramsky, R. P. Lisak, D. H. Silberberg, David E Pleasure
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We demonstrated antibodies to isolated oligodendrocytes and to oligodendroglia in brain sections by indirect immunofluorescence technic in serums of 19 of 21 patients with multiple sclerosis. We also found such antibodies in three of five patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and one of four patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, but not in patients with other neurologic diseases or normal persons. The antibodies were absorbed by preincubation of serum with isolated oligodendrocytes or whole white matter, but not with purified myelin or liver tissue. Immunofluorescent staining was blocked by either rabbit anti-oligodendrocyte serum or non-fluoresceinated goat anti-human immunoglobulin. These findings suggest that antibodies to oligodendroglia are distinct from antibodies to myelin and that demyelination in multiple sclerosis could be a consequence of an immunopathologic reaction directed against oligodendroglial cells.
Health care in London. Elderly people forced out of Tower Hamlets.
Authors: B J Boucher
Journal: BMJ (1993)

exploitation by the imperial powers than any population explosion.Today, as Third World countries become more marginalised in the world economy and less able to maintain debt repayments it is their desperation, poverty, and stagnation that determine their inclusion in the "developing" world.While the world economy leaves millions with no access to clean water or medical or food supplies and pays Western farmers to leave pro- ductive land fallow, Smith highlights the "evidence ... that many women are crying out for access to contraceptives."Population must be kept "on the agenda from the United Nations to the village council," but until the prevailing assumptions are replaced with critical scientific, social, and political investigation there will be no solutions.
Treatment of Pump Failure in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Henry S. Loeb
Journal: JAMA (1981)

SOME degree of cardiac insufficiency occurs in most patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), but in many, there are no important clinical consequences and therapy may be more harmful than useful. It is the patients whose clinical condition dictates the need for some therapeutic hemodynamic intervention with which this article will deal. <h3>Hemodynamic Monitoring</h3> Because MI usually involves the left ventricle, the early clinical manifestations of heart failure are usually those associated with either impaired oxygenation of the arterial blood owing to pulmonary congestion or inadequate peripheral perfusion owing to reduced cardiac output. Cardiogenic shock is an extreme example of both. Although cardiac failure can be recognized at the bedside, misinterpretation of clinical signs is not uncommon, particularly in patients with preexisting lung disease. Likewise, although it is usually possible to recognize inadequate peripheral perfusion at the bedside, the clinical findings associated with reduced cardiac output are not reliable in
Renal Hemodynamic Responses to Stress in Normotensive and Hypertensive Subjects
Authors: C. T. BELLO, R. W. SEVY, E. A. OHLER, C. A. PAPACOSTAS, R. M. BUCHER
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Renal responses to stress were studied in 28 normotensive and 51 hypertensive patients. Renal clearances of inulin and PAH, filtration fraction, arterial blood pressure, and renal vascular resistance were determined in each patient immediately before, during, and after exercise (sit-ups), or the cold pressor test. In the control periods immediately before stress the majority of patients with essential hypertension displayed reduced values for inulin clearance (C in ) and clearance of paraaminohippurate (C pah ) and increased values for filtration fraction and renal vascular resistance, when compared with normotensive groups. These abnormalities were more severe in malignant hypertension than in benign essential hypertension. The pattern of response to stress was similar in normotensive and untreated hypertensive patients: reduction in C in and C pah , and increases in filtration fraction, blood pressure, and renal vascular resistance. These responses were more marked with exercise than with the cold pressor test. These responses to stress were also quantitatively similar in normotensive and untreated hypertensive subjects, except for renal vascular resistance, which was increased more in the hypertensive groups. Hyperreactivity in terms of vascular resistance, however, is not necessarily indicative of vascular smooth muscle hyperreactivity. The renal responses to exercise or the cold pressor test were reduced or abolished in hypertensive subjects by sympathectomy, and were diminished, in the majority of patients, by therapy with reserpine. Neither sympathectomy nor reserpine affected control (prestress) values for renal clearances or renal vascular resistance, however. The majority of patients with malignant hypertension, though showing severely reduced values for C in and C pah , and marked elevations in renal vascular resistance initially, showed minimal renal responses to exercise or the cold pressor test.
Closing in on the nutrition-immunity link
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The relation between nutrition and immune function is intriguing but far from clear, according to research reports presented at the Western Hemisphere Nutrition Congress VI in Los Angeles. At Indiana University School of Medicine, Indian-apolis, Karyl A. Rickard, PhD, RD, and colleagues have been studying hyperalimentation's effects on immunity and tumor growth. Among 28 children with advanced cancer (21 with solid tumors and seven with relapsed leukemia or lymphoma), those given total parenteral nutrition for four weeks had reversal of protein malnutrition, restoration of serum albumin and transferrin concentrations and, usually, a reversal of diminished reactivity to skin test antigens. Rickard cautioned, however, that it is still not possible to say whether prevention or reversal of malnutrition brings about better response to cancer therapy. For one thing, he said, factors other than nutrition may undermine cell-mediated immunity; as examples he cited terminal stage disease, steroid or radiation therapy, or even
1036 A 24-WEEK, PARALLEL-GROUP, OPEN-LABEL, RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL COMPARING THE EARLY ANTIVIRAL EFFICACY OF TELBIVUDINE AND ENTECAVIR IN THE TREATMENT OF HBEAG-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: M.-H. Zheng, K.-Q. Shi, Z.-J. Dai, C. Ye, Y.-P. Chen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
A New and Unusual Reaction to Chlorpromazine
Authors: Alvin S. Zelickson, Hector C. Zeller
Journal: JAMA (1964)

THE USE OF tranquilizing agents in the therapy of psychiatric patients has promoted considerable interest among investigators concerning the mechanism of action and the untoward reactions of these drugs. Many of the phenothiazine derivatives cause side effects, some of which are cutaneous in nature. It is also known that chlorpromazine hydrochloride may induce sun-sensitive reactions.<sup>1-3</sup>It is the purpose of this paper to report a photosensitive manifestation which differs from those previously reported. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 28-year-old white female was committed to the Anoka State Hospital on Sept 22, 1955, with a diagnosis of chronic schizophrenic reaction. The patient has been in good health except for a residual paresis on the left side following poliomyelitis in 1955. Since May, 1963, she has noted a progressive pigmentation of the facial region, which is most prominent over the bulbous portion of the nose. The discoloration is most marked
Management of patients with biliary atresia in France: Results of a decentralized policy 1986-2002
Authors: Marie-Odile Serinet, Pierre Broué, Emmanuel Jacquemin, Alain Lachaux, Jacques Sarles, Frédéric Gottrand, Frédéric Gauthier, Christophe Chardot
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

This study analyzed the results of the decentralized management of biliary atresia (BA) in France, where an improved collaboration between centers has been promoted since 1997. Results were compared to those obtained in England and Wales, where BA patients have been centralized in three designated centers since 1999. According to their birth dates, BA patients were divided into two cohorts: cohort A, with patients born between 1986 and 1996, had 472 patients; and cohort B, with patients born between 1997 and 2002, had 271 patients. Survival rates were calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by using the log rank test and the Cox model. Four-year overall BA patient survival was 73.6% (95% CI 69.5%-77.7%) and 87.1% (CI 82.6%-91.6%) in cohorts A and B, respectively (P < .001). Median age at time of the Kasai operation was 61 and 57 days in cohorts A and B, respectively (NS). Four-year survival with native liver after the Kasai operation was 40.1% and 42.7% in cohorts A and B, respectively (NS): 33.9% (cohort A) and 33.4% (cohort B) in the centers with two or fewer caseloads a year, 30.9% (cohort A) and 44.5% (cohort B) in the centers with 3-5 cases/year, 47.8% (cohort A) and 47.7% (cohort B) in the center with more than 20 caseloads a year. In cohorts A and B, 74 (15.7%) and 19 (7%) patients, respectively, died without liver transplantation (LT). Four-year survival after LT was 75.1% and 88.8% in cohorts A and B, respectively (P = .006). In conclusion, BA patients currently have the same chance of survival in France as in England and Wales. The early success rate of the Kasai operation remains inferior in the centers with limited caseloads in France, leading to a greater need for LTs in infancy and early childhood.
Increased expression of an epidermal stem cell marker, cytokeratin 19, in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: S. Chen, M. Takahara, M. Kido, S. Takeuchi, H. Uchi, Y. Tu, Y. Moroi, M. Furue
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) has been considered to be a putative marker for epidermal stem cells in the hair follicle bulge. Cumulative reports have shown that epidermal stem cells play an important role in skin carcinogenesis. However, to date there has been no report on the clinical alteration of the stem cells in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).To investigate alteration of the stem cells and proliferating cells and to assess their relationship and potential contribution to SCC.Thirty paraffin-embedded neoplastic skin lesions, consisting of 10 cases each of actinic keratosis (AK), Bowen disease (BD) and SCC, were examined immunohistologically for CK19 and Ki-67.Positive reactivity for CK19 was seen in 30% of AK, 50% of BD and 80% of SCC lesions. There was significantly higher expression levels of CK19 in SCC than in AK and BD (P < 0.05). In addition, BD lesions harboured a significantly higher number of CK19-positive cells than did AK lesions (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in Ki-67 labelling indices between AK and BD and between AK and SCC (P < 0.001), but not between BD and SCC (P > 0.05). Furthermore, a serial section comparison study showed that there was a minor population of cells co-expressing CK19 and Ki-67 in a subset of the tumour cells of SCC samples. The percentage of CK19+ cells significantly correlated with that of Ki67+ cells in all examined neoplastic skin lesions.These results suggest that CK19 expression may be associated with the retention of stem cell characteristics or a state that is uncommitted to terminal squamous differentiation.