tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Persistent crying in babies
Authors: A R Gatrad, Aziz Sheikh
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Background</h3> Gout is one of the most common inflammatory joint disease in males. The new ACR/EULAR 2015 gout classification criteria has included imaging as a scoring item [1]. Naredo et al [2], found that in intercritical gout, assessment of one joint (ie, radiocarpal) and two tendons (ie, patellar and triceps) for HAGs, and three articular cartilages (ie, first metatarsal, talar and second metacarpal/femoral) for double contour sign (DCS) showed the best balance between sensitivity and specificity (84.6% and 83.3%, respectively). Ultrasound screening at these 6 sites is time consuming and not feasible in a busy outpatient service. So we aimed to compare the two sites (knee and 1st MTP joints) with these 6 sites for the ultrasound detected abnormalities namely DCS and HAGs in patients of gout particularly with the idea to find the best possible minimum joint combination without compromising the sensitivity and specificity. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the ultrasound-detected abnormalities namely double contour sign (DCS) and hyperechoic aggregates (HAGs) at knee and first metatarsophalangeal (1st MTP) joint (two sites) verses six sites (knee joint, 1st MTP joint, radiolcarpal joint, patellar tendon and triceps tendon) in patients of gout. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty seven gout and fifty controls (serum uric acid &lt;7mg/dl) with age more than 18 years were included in this study. DCS was looked for at three articular cartilage sites (first metatarsal, tibiotalar and femoral condyle) whereas HAGs were looked for at one joint site (radiocarpal joint) and two tendon sites (patellar tendon and triceps tendon). Ultrasound findings of all three groups were compared. <h3>Results</h3> We found sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and positive likelihood ratio of two joint areas (knee and 1st MTP) ultrasound findings for gout were 87.2%, 84%, 83.7%, 85.6% and 5.5 respectively. Similar sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and positive likelihood ratio were observed with 6 sites ultrasound findings. Amongst controls 17.5% were found to have these abnormal ultrasound findings by both two joint area and 6 sites exams. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Screening of two joint areas (knee and 1st MTP) has similar sensitivity, specificity and positive likelihood ratio as compared to six sites in diagnosing gout. While utilizing lesser time in examination. <h3>References</h3> Neogi T, Tim L, Dalbeth N, Fransen J, Schumacher HR, Berendsen D, et al. 2015 Gout classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2015;74:1789. Naredo E, Uson J, Jiménez-Palop M, Martínez A, Vicente E, Brito E, et al. Ultrasound-detected musculoskeletal urate crystal deposition: which joints and what findings should be assessed for diagnosing gout? Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73: 1522–1528. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Treating hyperhidrosis. Complications of endoscopic sympathectomy.
Authors: A C Quinn, R E Edwards, P J Newman, W J Fawcett
Journal: BMJ (1993)

general practitioner in the accident and emergency department can provide the necessary care for these patients.Where this has occurred the results have been promising.This response to public expectation in the accident and emergency department will not, however, improve the perception of what treatment the general practi- tioner based in the community can provide for non-urgent problems.
VOCAL FREMITUS IN LARGE PLEURAL EFFUSIONS.
Authors: W. J. CALVERT
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Vocal fremitus is usually diminished or absent in pleurisy with effusion. In the literature at hand, fremitus in large effusions is rarely mentioned. <h3>History of Case.</h3> —In a young adult, white, male, with suspected left-sided pleurisy, examination revealed increased vocal fremitus and bronchial breathing throughout the left side. After withdrawing 1,500 c.c. of fluid, an absence of vocal fremitus throughout the left side was noted. After several tappings practically all the fluid was removed. During this time vocal fremitus gradually returned, but was less than normal when the patient was discharged. Arneth,<sup>1</sup>in his paper on Vocal Fremitus in Croupous Lung Inflammations, says that the increased tension of the thoracic wall can not prevent the fremitus, because in pleurisy with large effusions and much pressure the fremitus is often increased. Lax elastic membranes absorb vibrations, but when sufficiently tense transmit them. In this case the mediastinal membranes were tense
Synaptic scaffold evolution generated components of vertebrate cognitive complexity
Authors: Jess Nithianantharajah, Noboru H Komiyama, Andrew McKechanie, Mandy Johnstone, Douglas H Blackwood, David St Clair, Richard D Emes, Louie N van de Lagemaat, Lisa M Saksida, Timothy J Bussey, Seth G N Grant
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
Cytokine-independent growth and clonal expansion of a primary human CD8+ T-cell clone following retroviral transduction with the IL-15 gene
Authors: Cary Hsu, Stephanie A. Jones, Cyrille J. Cohen, Zhili Zheng, Keith Kerstann, Juhua Zhou, Paul F. Robbins, Peter D. Peng, Xinglei Shen, Theotonius J. Gomes, Cynthia E. Dunbar, David J. Munroe, Claudia Stewart, Kenneth Cornetta, Danny Wangsa, Thomas Ried, Steven A. Rosenberg, Richard A. Morgan
Journal: Blood (2007)
GERMICIDES.—AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY UPON THE COMPARATIVE VALUES OF ANTISEPTICS.
Authors: HENRY O. MARCY
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read to the Section on Surgery and Anatomy.] The deleterious effect of micro-organisms upon wounds can no longer be doubted. The so-called germ theory has passed into the realm of demonstrated The patient labors of scores of very careful infact. vestigators during the last generation have slowly elaborated the fact that fermentation is dependent upon a particulate something, omnipresent in ordinary surroundings, and clearly shown that this something belongs to one or another of the varieties of exceedingly minute vegetable organisms, which compensate by number and rapidity of development that which they lack in size. In the study of these minute organisms the important question arises, perhaps second at present to none in the entire realm of the science of medicine, how can we be protected from their deleterious effects? As the outcome of experimental research, there has been offered to the profession a large number of socalled germicides, and
WATCHFUL OBSERVATION VERSUS EARLY AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT FOR SYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS WITH LOW-GRADIENT SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS AND PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Duk-Hyun Kang, Jeong Yoon Jang, Hyo In Choi, Jihyun Sohn, Byung Joo Sun, Dae-Hee Kim, Jong-Min Song, Joo-Hee Zo, Kee-Joon Choi, Jae-Kwan Song
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Hypertrichosis Portrayed in Art
Authors: James G. Ravin
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Few things could be as shocking to a mother as seeing her child begin to grow long hair all over his body. Fortunately this occurs rarely (the incidence is estimated at one per billion persons<sup>1</sup>). When this has occurred, public reaction to the affected individuals has varied greatly. Hypertrichotic persons have been treated as atavistic half-animals, as carnival exhibits, and as treasured addenda to royal courts. Physicians have also been keenly interested in such individuals; there are case studies dating from at least the 16th century. The Latin designation, hypertrichosis universalis congenita, has been given to the long growth of body hair. At birth the hypertrichosis is usually limited to the ears, but during early childhood it becomes generalized.<sup>2</sup>The hair is lanugo, 4 to 10 inches long, silky, and varying in color from silvery gray to pale yellow. It is found on all parts of the skin
The right to treatment
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Crisis in our hospital kitchens: ancillary staffing levels during an outbreak of food poisoning in a long stay hospital.
Authors: A M Pollock, P M Whitty
Journal: BMJ (1990)

An investigation into an outbreak of food poisoning caused by Clostridium perfringens showed evidence of poor food handling by catering staff. The reasons behind this were explored by interviewing catering staff, analysing shifts and rotas, and looking at staff vacancies. Morale was low because of staff shortages resulting from a long term recruitment problem. In consequence staff were working double shifts and often for weeks on end without a day off. The reasons for the recruitment problem included the difficulty of recruiting semiskilled labour from a middle class area, low wages, lack of management support, and the poor image of the hospital as a place of work. Similar factors affect the recruitment and retention of ancillary staff nationally. The NHS has a poor record as an employer of ancillary staff, paying lower wages than other organisations for equivalent posts. Competitive tendering has further worsened the position of ancillary staff, with the result that good quality of care and service has often not been achieved. The NHS Review, with its emphasis on quality of care, makes no mention of ancillary staff. Yet high standards of ancillary provision are essential if further outbreaks of food poisoning in hospitals are to be prevented.
Cross-reactivity between the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and the mange mites Psoroptes cuniculi and P. ovis+*I. Demonstration of antibodies to the house dust mite allergen Dpt 12 in sera from P. cuniculi-infested rabbits
Authors: G STEWART, W FISHER
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1986)
De novo acute infection and reactivation of hepatitis B virus in established cirrhosis.
Authors: A Theodossi, S P Wilkinson, B Portmann, Y White, A L Eddleston, R Williams, A J Zuckerman
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Five patients with cirrhosis proved by biopsy had clinical, biochemical, and serological evidence of an acute hepatitis B infection. In two the illness was fulminant and led to death. Only one patient completely recovered. Serological markers for the hepatitis B virus were absent before the onset of the acute illness in four patients, which suggested that a de novo infection had been acquired as a result of recent transfusions of blood or blood products. The fifth patient, who had Goodpasture9s syndrome, had antibody to the core of hepatitis B virus, indicating previous exposure to the virus; his acute hepatitis may have been related to immunosuppressive drug treatment, which may have reactivated a dormant virus infection. Thus an acute type B viral hepatitis due to either a de novo or a reactivated infection may be superimposed on cirrhosis.
Closed-Chest Cardiac Massage in the Stillborn
Authors: Sylvan N. Surks
Journal: JAMA (1962)

SINCE THE REPORT by one of us on the use of open-chest cardiac massage in the stillborn, several other reports on this subject have been published. Recently, there appeared the first report of successful closed-chest resuscitation of a stillborn. The method used in that case was patterned after the description by Kouwenhoven et al. We wish to describe another case in which the same technique was successfully used.  Report of a Case  A 34-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2, was admitted to the Long Island Jewish Hospital at 2:30A.M.on Sept. 13, 1961, at term and in labor. At 10A.M.the cervix was fully dilated and the baby at a plus 3 station. At this time the fetal heart tones were noted to be of good quality and regular rhythm. No vaginal bleeding was observed and the patient was taken to the delivery room with 3 cm. of
Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with minimal myeloid differentiation (AML-MO) associated with a t(11;19)(q23;p13.3) translocation
Authors: Youko Suehiro, Naokuni Uike, Midori Kumagawa, Tatsuro Goto, Koichiro Muta, Mitsuo Kozuru
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

the blasts demonstrated: CD13(+), CD33(+), CD34(+), CD7(-), CD10(-), CD14(-), CD19 (-).Chromosomal analysis of bone marrow leukemia cells showed karyotype abnormality: t(8;21) and loss of sex chromosome: -X.Therefore, she was finally diagnosed as AML-M2 according to the criteria of the French-American-British Cooperative Group classification (FAB), complicated by retinal hemorrhage.She attained a complete remission and all treatments were finished in October 1992.In September 1994, she suddenly presented a visual disturbance of the right eye.Ophthalmologic examination revealed choroidal infiltration of leukemia cells and infiltration-induced serous retinal detachment in the right eye.There was no evidence of CNS leukemia.Local radiation therapy improved her ophthalmologic findings (Fig. 1) and completely resolved her visual disturbance after receiving 30 Gy at the end of December 1994.In November 1994, we could not detect leukemia cells in the bone marrow using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).Moreover, no leukemia cells in the bone marrow were detected by morphological examination and Southern blot analysis using the AML1 probe in April 1995.She was last seen in complete remission in July 1995.However, she finally had bone marrow relapse in September 1995.Although there was no histopathologic evidence for the direct infiltration of leukemia cells into the choroid, the visual disturbance in our patient was probably caused by choroidal infiltration of leukemia cells, given the ophthalmologic findings and the rapid therapeutic response to the local irradiation alone.So, we hypothesized that the initial retinal hemorrhage allowed ocular seeding of leukemia cells that became apparent 2 years after remission induction.Since frequency of ocular involvement in AML patients with retinal hemorrhage has not been reported, we could not conclude that there was a close relation between ocular involvement of AML and a history of retinal hemorrhage.Because there have been 13 (8.5%)cases of orbital involvement in 154 primary (or isolated) extramedullary leukemias [3], it may be necessary to irradiate for ocular prophylaxis in AML patients with a history of retinal hemorrhage during active disease in spite of organ toxicity of ocular irradiation.In conclusion, local irradiation of ocular prophylaxis might be considered in AML patients, especially FAB-M2 and M4 subtypes [4], with retinal hemorrhage that contains leukemic cells.Frequency of ocular infiltration in patients with AML complicated by retinal hemorrhage and the efficacy of local irradiation for ocular prophylaxis in these patients must be studied.
Cytotoxic Drugs in the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Arnold M. Seligman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This small, surprisingly informative volume deals with the alkylating agents, antimetabolites, plant products, antineoplastic antibodies, some miscellaneous compounds, and special techniques of administration. The general surveys of the alkylating agents and antimetabolites are especially well done. The chapters dealing with the clinical use of a half dozen most commonly used representative agents contain a great deal of usefully presented detailed experience. Although some attempt is made to present the results gleaned from the literature, much of the clinical material represents the authors' personal experience and is, therefore, of especial value. They are very careful not to make extravagant claims for the usefulness of the agents in common use today. The shortcomings of the agents are clearly stated, and the complexity of the task of selecting one or two agents from the large number available, when the physician must treat a patient with a specific cancer, becomes apparent. This task is
Liver Transplantation Techniques for the Surgical Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Tumor Thrombus in the Inferior Vena Cava: Step-by-Step Description
Authors: Gaetano Ciancio, Javier Gonzalez, Samir P. Shirodkar, Javier C. Angulo, Mark S. Soloway
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Enhanced G protein activation in immortalized lymphoblasts from patients with essential hypertension.
Authors: W Siffert, D Rosskopf, A Moritz, T Wieland, S Kaldenberg-Stasch, N Kettler, K Hartung, S Beckmann, K H Jakobs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B lymphoblasts obtained from hypertensive patients with enhanced Na+/H+ exchanger activity (HT cells) proliferate distinctly faster upon serum stimulation than those from normotensive controls with low exchanger activity (NT cells) (Rosskopf, D., E. Frömter, and W. Siffert. 1993. J. Clin. Invest. 92:2553-2559). Stimulation with platelet-activating factor (PAF) as well caused an enhanced proliferation of HT cells. In analyzing possible differences in signal transduction between the immortalized NT and HT lymphoblasts, we observed that cell stimulation with PAF and somatostatin caused a twofold higher increase in [Ca2+]i in HT than in NT cell lines. This difference was completely abrogated by pertussis toxin (PTX) treatment. Furthermore, PAF-stimulated formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) was twofold enhanced in HT cell lines. On the other hand, PAF receptor density and affinity, total cellular phospholipase C activity, expression of PTX-sensitive G proteins, and control binding of the stable GTP analogue, guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP gamma S), to membrane G proteins were not different in NT and HT cell lines. However, PAF- and mastoparan-stimulated binding of GTP gamma S to G proteins, which was fully PTX-sensitive, was 2.5-fold higher in HT than NT cell lines. These data suggest an enhanced receptor-mediated activation of PTX-sensitive G proteins despite unchanged receptor and G protein expression. Thus, this study not only suggests that enhanced signal transduction and cell proliferation are abnormalities in a certain group of patients with essential hypertension but also explains these findings as a result of an enhanced G protein activation in this common disorder.
A6.10 High Disease Activity and Erosion Rate in Sudanese Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Amir I Elshafie, Sahwa Nourein, Vivek Anand Manivel, Azita Sohrabian, Mawahib IE Elidrisi, Elnour M Elagib, Musa AM Nur, Johan Rönnelid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Reports from Nigeria claim that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Western Africa has relatively low disease activity with a 29 occurrence of hand erosions No data are published on RA in Sudan and our aim was to collect a first Sudanese RA cohort for comparative studies. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> 264 consecutive patients (87% females) with RA according to the 1987 ACR criteria attending two rheumatology centres in Khartoum between December 2008 and September 2010 were included. Samples analysed in Uppsala for anti-CCP and IgM RF. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age at inclusion was 48 years (range 14–80). Median disease duration was 3.8 years. ESR data was available for 113 patients, with a mean of 60.3 mm/1 h (range 10–140). Mean blood haemoglobin was 12.1 g/L. On clinical examination, 26% (68/264) had Z deformity, 14% (38/264) had Swan neck deformity and 9% (25/264) had Boutonniere deformity. X-rays of hands were available for 86 patients, with 49/86 (57%) showing erosions. 40% were treated with methotrexate, 7% with sulfasalazine 3% azathioprine, 2% with leflunomide and 2% with hydroxychloroquine in monotherapy. 41 (16%) were treated with steroids + DMARD monotherapy, 48 (18%) with DMARD combinations. Three % were treated with steroids only, and 9% with NSAIDs only. 52% were anti-CCP2 positive and 51% were IgM RF positive, corresponding to 97.6% specificity compared to the Sudanese healthy controls. Compared to Swedish RA patients (Rönnelid <i>et al</i>, <i>ARD</i> 2012) Sudanese patients had 270% higher mean ESR (55 versus 21 mm/h; p &lt; 0001), and significantly lower age of disease onset (median 43 versus 56 years, p &lt; 0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA as presented in an outpatient clinic in Khartoum is severe and with earlier RA onset than in Sweden. Sudanese patients show significantly higher ESR levels than Swedish patients, more Sudanese than Nigerian RA patients have radiological erosions, and the number of patients with classical hand deformities is substantial. Blood haemoglobin levels are rather well preserved. Immunological and genetic characterisation is now underway.
Aureomycin in the Treatment of Amebiasis
Authors: C. F. Gutch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

IN THE long-continued search for amebicidal agents applicable to treatment of human infestations by Endamoeba histolytica, attention in the past year has been drawn to the apparent effectiveness of aureomycin. At the Veterans Administration Hospital in Lincoln, Nebraska, 20 patients with proved amebiasis have received aureomycin, and the results are believed to confirm those of other workers.McVay, Laird and Sprunt1 and Fuller and Faust2 first reported the apparent inhibitory action of aureomycin upon E. histolytica in vitro. McVay and his colleagues, Most3 and, more recently, Hughes4 administered aureomycin to patients with amebiasis and reported significant percentages of subsequently . . .
QuantiFERON TB Gold Test: the new standard for screening of latent tuberculosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: P. Efthimiou, S. Sood
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

We read with interest the report by Ponce de Leon et al ,1 where the authors argued that tuberculin skin testing (TST) may not be an optimal test for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We would like to contribute to these findings, based on our clinical experience with a new screening tool called the QuantiFERON TB-Gold (QFT-G) Test.

Although screening policies vary considerably between countries, it is generally recommended that all patients with rheumatoid arthritis should undergo screening for Mycobacterium tuberculosis latent infection before the initiation of treatment with biological agents, especially tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α inhibitors. …
QUID AVARUS? STULTUS ET INSANUS.
Authors: AY ALBERT S. ASHMEAD
Journal: JAMA (1897)

I lived for eighteen months with James Henry Paine, the miser. He occupied a garret room at 177 Bleecker Street, New York; the little house belonged to the Oothout estate. He was apparently 70 or 75 years old, tall, slim-built, with pointed chin; had a sharp, beak-like, rather red nose, whose point turned in to the upper lip; his mouth firm set; his eyes keen, furtive; his forehead high, retreating; bald on the top of the head, and he bore his head carried forward, bent from his shoulders; his walk was a shuffling of one foot in front of the other, about six inches to a step. His face was bearded. He dressed shabbily, or worse; no stockings, shoes tied together with pieces of twine. It was his habit to go out every morning, at 9 o'clock, and return about the same hour at night or later. When he returned