tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A NEW DIET FOR PEPTIC ULCER
Authors: WARREN COLEMAN
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Whatever may be the causes that initiate the pathologic processes of peptic ulcer, the ultimate cause is the digestion of circumscribed devitalized areas of the gastric or duodenal wall. After its development, the chief sources of injury to the ulcer are (1) the chemical action of the digestive juices and (2) the mechanical irritation from peristalsis and unselected foods. As with ulcers elsewhere in the body, protection from injury is the first therapeutic consideration; the second is maintenance of the patient's nutrition. Since the location of the peptic ulcer imposes limitations on the procedures that may be employed for its cure, the problem confronting the physician is essentially dietetic in character.<sup>1</sup> The ideal procedure would be to put the stomach at absolute rest. But rectal and parenteral feeding have not yet been brought to the required state of perfection. Food must be given by mouth.<sup>2</sup> Probably in every
A CRITICAL REVIEW OF PIGMENT RESEARCH IN THE LAST HUNDRED YEARS.
Authors: E. MEIROWSKY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1940)

Journal Article A CRITICAL REVIEW OF PIGMENT RESEARCH IN THE LAST HUNDRED YEARS. Get access E. MEIROWSKY E. MEIROWSKY London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 52, Issue 7, 1 July 1940, Pages 205–217, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1940.tb09916.x Published: 01 July 1940
Metabolic and scintigraphic studies of radioiodinated human C-reactive protein in health and disease.
Authors: D M Vigushin, M B Pepys, P N Hawkins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Plasma and whole-body turnover studies of human C-reactive protein (CRP), isolated from a single normal healthy donor and labeled with 125I, were undertaken in 8 healthy control subjects and 35 hospitalized patients including cases of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, infections, and neoplasia. Plasma clearance of 125I-CRP closely approximated to a monoexponential function and was similar in the control and all patient groups. There was no evidence for accelerated clearance or catabolism of CRP in any of the diseases studied. The 19-h half-life was more rapid than that of most human plasma proteins studied previously, and the fractional catabolic rate was independent of the plasma CRP concentration. The synthesis rate of CRP is thus the only significant determinant of its plasma level, confirming the validity of serum CRP measurement as an objective index of disease activity in disorders associated with an acute-phase response. Approximately 90% of injected radioactivity was recovered in the urine after 7 d, and scintigraphic imaging studies with 123I-labeled CRP in 10 patients with different focal pathology showed no significant localization of tracer. The functions of CRP are thus likely to be effected predominantly in the fluid phase rather than by major deposition at sites of tissue damage or inflammation.
Antimicrosomal antibodies: What are they telling us?
Authors: Paul B. Watkins
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Patients with dihydralazine hepatotoxicity have been found to have circulating autoantibodies that react with liver microsomes (anti-liver microsome antibodies) and that are clearly distinct from anti-liver and kidney microsomal antibodies observed in patients with tienilic acid-induced hepatitis and in some patients with autoimmune hepatitis. The authors show that anti-liver microsome antibodies present in the sera of five patients with dihydralazine-induced hepatitis specifically react on immunoblots with a 53 kD protein. They further conclude that this target antigen is the phase I drug metabolizing enzyme termed P-450IA2 based on the following observations: (a) immunoblots of a battery of human liver microsomes produced the identical pattern of relative staining whether the blots were developed with anti-rat P-450IA2 IgG, anti-human P-450IA2 IgG or each of the five patients' sera; (b) P-450IA2 catalytic activity was selectively inhibited when human liver microsomes were preincubated with anti-liver microsome-positive sera; (c) anti-liver microsome-positive sera identified purified human P-450IA2 on immunoblots. Anti-liver microsome antibodies appeared to be specific for dihydralazine hepatitis because they were not present in sera obtained from 28 other patients including patients receiving dihydralazine without a toxic response and patients with other significant liver diseases. Finally, the authors demonstrated that dihydralazine could competitively inhibit catalytic activity characteristic of P-450IA2 in human liver microsomes, suggesting that P-450IA2 may be involved in the metabolism of dihydralazine.
THERMAL HETEROGENEITY IN CAROTID ARTERIES AS A SURROGATE MARKER FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Maria I. Drakopoulou, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Konstantina Masoura, Archontoula Michelongona, Georgios Benetos, Elias Tolis, Pavlos Bounas, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Dimitrios Tousoulis, Elias Siores
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Safety and Feasibility of a New Minimally Invasive Diagnostic Laparoscopy Technique
Authors: I. Helmreich-Becker, K. H. Meyer zum Büschenfelde, A. W. Lohse
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

Laparoscopy combined with guided liver biopsy offers many advantages in the diagnosis and staging of chronic liver diseases and is superior to other diagnostic procedures. We developed a new minilaparoscopic technique and evaluated the utility of this minimally invasive laparoscopic system in the first 320 patients who underwent diagnostic assessment for liver disease or peritoneal carcinosis.Between July 1996 and February 1998, minilaparoscopy, with analgesia and sedation was carried out in 320 patients. It was done using a 1.9-mm optical instrument, which was inserted through the same 2.75-mm trocar as the Veress needle used for inflating the pneumoperitoneum. Thus only a single puncture of the peritoneum was required. Liver biopsies, when indicated, were obtained under laparoscopic control with the Silverman needle through a short 2-mm additional trocar when the Menghini technique was used.Complication rates, patient discomfort and duration of procedure were extremely low with minilaparoscopy. We observed no serious complications, two complications that could be treated conservatively and technical difficulties in eight of 320 patients, which prevented liver biopsy in 2.8%. These minor difficulties all happened during the first 40 procedures, whereas after the initial 40 examinations of each investigator no further difficulties arose.This new minilaparoscopic technique allows a macroscopic and histological diagnosis of liver disease with minimal invasiveness, easy handling, excellent patient tolerance, and also a high degree of safety in patients with coagulation defects. Exploratory laparoscopy is an accurate and safe method for intra-abdominal diagnosis of liver diseases and peritoneal carcinosis.
Spondylitis Ankylopoietica in a Uganda African
Authors: A. G. M. Davies, J. M. Vaizey
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Spondylitfs Ankylopoietica in a Uganda AfricanSpondylitis ankylopoietica (Marie-Striimpell-Bechterew disease) appears to be very rare among the Bantu Africans.A search of the English literature failed to reveal a single reported case in an indigenous African, and there is no record of one in the clinical records of
ENTEROPTOSIS IN CHILDREN
Authors: WILLIAM J. BUTLER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

The term "enteroptosis," as commonly used, refers to a sinking of the abdominal viscera below their normal positions.Prior to Gl\l=e'\nard'scommunication on this subject displacements of the abdominal organs had formed the subject of numerous contributions.Since that time the literature has grown to an enormous ex- tent, but deals altogether with enteroptosis in the adult.Isolated reports of nephroptosis occurring in children are to be found in the literature, but apparently the subject in general has not received any consideration from pediatrists.Albu, however, included in a paper on enteroptosis a chapter on children.Thanks to the writings of Stiller, Mathes, Richard R. Smith, and others, it is now generally recognized by those interested in this work that the local displacements of the abdo- minal organs are manifestations of a general status to which the term "habitus enteroptoticus" is applied.This habitus may be recognized by virtue of a body-form characteristic of this class of individuals.It is regarded as a congenital and hereditary anomaly and not as an acquired defect.If we accept this view of enteroptosis it is self-evident that we should be able to trace this habitus into child- hood and even into infancy.An investigation as to the occurrence of this habitus in children is not only indi- cated but actually necessary for the establishment of the above conception.On the other hand, if it can be shown that this constitutional tendency is the result of condi- tions occurring subsequent to birth, such as nutritional diseases, etc., it may be possible through prophylactic measures to obviate its development.We occasionally see adults not presenting this habitus who are the sub- jects of enteroptosis due to bad hygiene, chiefly in child-$ bearing, but the enteroptosis never attains a high degree, in these cases, in contrast to the congenital type in which
Correspondence. Circulating Immune Complexes in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Anastasios A. Mihas, John E. Volanakis, Ralph E. Schrohenloher, Tony A. Mihas, Henry C. Bodenheimer, Nicholas F. Larusso, Walter R. Thayer, Colette Charland, Parker J. Staples, Jurgen Ludwig, M. Roggendorf, F. Deinhardt, Gert G. FrÖSner
Journal: Hepatology (1984)
The function of alkaline phosphatase in the liver: Regulation of intrahepatic biliary epithelium secretory activities in the rat
Authors: Domenico Alvaro, Antonio Benedetti, Luca Marucci, Marco Delle Monache, Rita Monterubbianesi, Emanuele Di Cosimo, Lucia Perego, Giampiero Macarri, Shannon Glaser, Gene Le Sage, Gianfranco Alpini
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

We studied the effects of alkaline phosphatase (AP) on the secretory processes of the rat intrahepatic biliary epithelium as well as the role of the intrahepatic biliary epithelium in the uptake and biliary secretion of exogenous AP. The effects of acute and chronic administration of AP on bile secretory parameters were investigated in vivo in normal and bile duct ligated (BDL) rats and in vitro in isolated rat bile duct units (IBDU). In vivo, acute AP administration decreased bile flow and biliary bicarbonate excretion and abolished secretin choleresis in BDL rats but not in normal rats. On the contrary, the AP inhibitor, levamisole, increased in BDL rat bile flow and biliary bicarbonate excretion. In vitro , basal and secretin-stimulated Cl − /HCO 3 − exchanger activity in IBDU was immediately inhibited by AP intraluminal microinjection (apical exposure) but only after a prolonged exposure to the basolateral pole. Levamisole increased the Cl − /HCO 3 − exchanger activity of IBDU. A significant basolateral uptake of AP occurs in IBDU with a progressive transport to the apical domain. AP chronic treatment increased AP and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT) activities in the intrahepatic bile ducts and hepatocyte canalicular pole, promoted enlargement of bile canaliculi, and decreased bile flow and biliary bicarbonate excretion. In conclusion, the intrahepatic biliary epithelium plays a role in the uptake and biliary secretion of serum AP. AP inhibits the secretory processes of the intrahepatic biliary epithelium and induces features of intrahepatic cholestasis after chronic administration. These findings indicate that AP plays an active role in down-regulating the secretory activities of the intrahepatic biliary epithelium.
Heat Waves in the United States: Mortality Risk during Heat Waves and Effect Modification by Heat Wave Characteristics in 43 U.S. Communities
Authors: G. Brooke Anderson, Michelle L. Bell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Devastating health effects from recent heat waves, and projected increases in frequency, duration, and severity of heat waves from climate change, highlight the importance of understanding health consequences of heat waves.We analyzed mortality risk for heat waves in 43 U.S. cities (1987-2005) and investigated how effects relate to heat waves' intensity, duration, or timing in season.Heat waves were defined as ≥ 2 days with temperature ≥ 95th percentile for the community for 1 May through 30 September. Heat waves were characterized by their intensity, duration, and timing in season. Within each community, we estimated mortality risk during each heat wave compared with non-heat wave days, controlling for potential confounders. We combined individual heat wave effect estimates using Bayesian hierarchical modeling to generate overall effects at the community, regional, and national levels. We estimated how heat wave mortality effects were modified by heat wave characteristics (intensity, duration, timing in season).Nationally, mortality increased 3.74% [95% posterior interval (PI), 2.29-5.22%] during heat waves compared with non-heat wave days. Heat wave mortality risk increased 2.49% for every 1°F increase in heat wave intensity and 0.38% for every 1-day increase in heat wave duration. Mortality increased 5.04% (95% PI, 3.06-7.06%) during the first heat wave of the summer versus 2.65% (95% PI, 1.14-4.18%) during later heat waves, compared with non-heat wave days. Heat wave mortality impacts and effect modification by heat wave characteristics were more pronounced in the Northeast and Midwest compared with the South.We found higher mortality risk from heat waves that were more intense or longer, or those occurring earlier in summer. These findings have implications for decision makers and researchers estimating health effects from climate change.
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Reversal of Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran by Prothrombin Complex Concentrate: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects”
Authors: Elise S. Eerenberg, Meertien K. Sijpkens, Joost C.M. Meijers, Harry R. Buller, Marcel Levi, Pieter W. Kamphuisen
Journal: Circulation (2012)

We appreciate the remarks made by Bernstein et al and by Marlu et al.In our study, a single dose of the prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) Cofact normalized the anticoagulant effect of rivaroxaban, but not that of dabigatran, measured by means of coagulation assays in healthy subjects. 1We agree with the comment by Marlu et al that these tests may insufficiently represent a definitive beneficial effect in patients with hemorrhage.To establish PCCs as effective reversing agents for the new oral anticoagulants, clinical data are required, as indicated in the Discussion of our article.However, in the absence of such data for any agent that may reverse the anticoagulant effect of the new agents, an increase in thrombin generation, as observed in our study, may be considered the best available surrogate outcome parameter.We agree with Bernstein et al that various PCCs may have different properties and that results in our study with Cofact can be translated to alternative PCCs only to a limited extent.Those different properties may explain why our findings contradict some of the animal studies designed for the same purpose in examples mentioned by both Bernstein et al and Marlu et al.Activated PCCs such as Factor Eight Inhibitor Bypass Agent may therefore be more potent hemostatic agents and could be capable of reversing the anticoagulant effect of direct thrombin inhibitors such as dabigatran.However, this has not yet been established in humans.Previous studies with activated factor VII as a potent prohemostatic agent showed a lack of thrombin generation in subjects treated with the thrombin inhibitor melagatran. 2 In the absence of clinical trial data, we would applaud a registry as proposed by Bernstein et al to record clinical experience with reversal of the anticoagulant effect of all new oral anticoagulants.
The Eustachian Ridge: Not an Innocent Bystander
Authors: Anna C. Kydd, Duncan McNab, Patrick A. Calvert, Stephen P. Hoole, Sushma Rekhraj, Horst Sievert, Leonard M. Shapiro, Bushra S. Rana
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)

A prominent right atrial Eustachian ridge (ER), which inserts into the roof of the fossa ovalis (FO), can impede successful placement of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure device, resulting in residual shunting. This can be mitigated by selecting a more flexible or smaller device, illustrated by
Management of Cardiac Arrest, with Special Reference to Metabolic Acidosis
Authors: J. S. S. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1964)

mean that these individuals are presumably less resistant to anticonvulsant therapy than the bulk of those in the trial who represent the " hard core " of uncontrolled drug-resistant epileptics.Transitory side-effects were seen in 10 patients and side- effects of sufficient severity to lead to withdrawal of the drug occurred in 28.The nature of these side-effects and their frequency are shown in Table V.No evidence of liver damage or of any blood dyscrasia was found.TABLE V.-Frequency of the Occurrence of Various Side-effects Transitory Severe and Prolonged Side-effects Side-effects Headache .. 3 Ataxia .. .. 14 Dysarthria .. 5 Paraesthesiae .. 3 Drowsiness .. 9 Blurring of vision 4 Dyspnoea .. 2 Confusion .. 9 Nausea or vomiting 3 Nausea .. 2 Headache .. 8 Insomnia .. .. 3 Blurring of vision 2 Psychotic reactions 6 Dyspnoea... 2 Drowsiness .. 1 (schizophreniform Paraesthesiae .. 2 psychosis 2; serious Papular rash .. 1 depression 4) Ptosis .. I Vertigo .. .. 5Unlike the psychotic episodes seen by Liske and Forster (1963), those occurring in this series did so against a normal background in all but one patient who had had a vaguely paranoid approach to life for some years.Of the side-effects which appeared, nine did so within 24 hours, seven in two days, seven within a week, two in two weeks, one in three weeks, and two in one month. ConclusionsVery different results have been obtained by various workers from the administration of sulthiame, and in an awareness of frequent and serious side-effects our results are much more in keeping with the findings of LaVeck et al. (1962) and Liske and Forster (1963) in America than with those of the original German workers.There seems no doubt that sulthiame can exert a powerful anticonvulsant action, but its usefulness is limited by widespread and often alarming and serious side-effects.On this basis we feel that it is safer to admit patients to hospital for stabilization with the drug, although as the bulk of the side-effects appear within a week this need not be for a long period. SummarySulthiame has been used in the treatment of 54 severe cases of epilepsy not controlled by other drugs.It had a valuable anticonvulsant action in 20 of these patients.Severe side-effects were seen in 28 of the patients taking the drug.In spite of these side-effects sulthiame is of value in the most-resistant epileptics.Because of its side-effects, under no circumstances should sulthiame be used as the first drug in the treatment of any form of epilepsy.
Cholinergic Stimulation of the Lower Esophageal Sphicter. A Possible Advance in Therapy of Heartburn.
Authors: Raymond L. Farrell, Gerald T. Roling, Donald O. Castell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Cholinergic Stimulation of the Lower Esophageal Sphicter. A Possible Advance in Therapy of Heartburn.Raymond L. Farrell, Gerald T. Roling, Donald O. CastellRaymond L. FarrellSearch for more papers by this author, Gerald T. RolingSearch for more papers by this author, Donald O. CastellSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-859_5 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe primary function of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is to prevent the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Recent studies have shown that symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux correlates well with resting sphincter pressure below 10 mm Hg. Anticholinergic preparations have been shown to adversely affect the lower esophageal sphincter, causing decreased sphincter pressure and increased gastroesophageal reflux. We have studied the effect of the cholinergic agent bethanechol on sphincter pressure in normals and in patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux caused by lower esophageal sphincter incompetence. Sphincter pressure was monitored continuously in fasting subjects, using an infused open-tipped system. After... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pa. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 859-860KeywordsCholinergicsEsophagusGastroesophageal reflux disease Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Dual ITAM-mediated proteolytic pathways for irreversible inactivation of platelet receptors: de-ITAM-izing FcγRIIa
Authors: Elizabeth E. Gardiner, Denuja Karunakaran, Jane F. Arthur, Fi-Tjen Mu, Maree S. Powell, Ross I. Baker, P. Mark Hogarth, Mark L. Kahn, Robert K. Andrews, Michael C. Berndt
Journal: Blood (2007)
Did This Drug Cause My Patient's Hepatitis?
Authors: David W. Nierenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters21 January 2003Did This Drug Cause My Patient's Hepatitis?David W. Nierenberg, MDDavid W. Nierenberg, MDDartmouthHitchcock Medical Center; Lebanon, NH 03766 (Nierenberg)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-2-200301210-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Kaplowitz and his coauthors and I agree on many important points. We agree that establishing causality beyond a reasonable medical doubt in cases of possible adverse drug reactions is difficult, especially when cases are infrequent (perhaps not much more common than background noise) and the drug in question is new. We agree on the importance of postmarketing surveillance to help identify new adverse drug reactions and on the advantages of using MedWatch reports and published case reports to benefit from the experience and wisdom of practicing physicians. Furthermore, we agree that it is difficult to know how ...References1. May LD, Lefkowitch JH, Kram MT, Rubin DE. Mixed hepatocellular-cholestatic liver injury after pioglitazone therapy. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:449-52. [PMID: 11900497] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Physicians' Desk Reference. 56th ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics; 2002:1490-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David W. Nierenberg, MDAffiliations: DartmouthHitchcock Medical Center; Lebanon, NH 03766 (Nierenberg) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee Also“Did This Drug Cause My Patient's Hepatitis?” and Related Questions David W. Nierenberg Did This Drug Cause My Patient's Hepatitis? Neil Kaplowitz , James H. Lewis , and Paul B. Watkins Metrics 21 January 2003Volume 138, Issue 2Page: 159-160KeywordsAdverse reactionsDrug administrationDrug therapyDrugsHepatitis AInflammationLiverLiver function testsResearch designTreatment guidelines ePublished: 21 January 2003 Issue Published: 21 January 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
ROLE OF 18 F-FLUORODEOXY GLUCOSE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS ON LONG-TERM CORTICOSTEROID TREATMENT
Authors: Yoshikazu Yazaki, Seki Toshimasa, Hayashi Yukiko, Hiroki Kasai, Minoru Hongo, Uichi Ikeda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)