tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA in HUSBAND and WIFE
Authors: E. F. Trevelyan
Journal: BMJ (1898)

<h3>Abstract</h3> A study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among public community and health care workers in Alzintan City, Libya. During the period from 2/4/2020 to 18/5/2020, a total of 219 blood samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Collection of samples were divided in two categories; random samples from public community and samples from health care workers belonging to two Governmental hospitals and one private clinic. One Step Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) IgM/IgG Antibody Test was used. Out of the 219 samples tested, 6 (2.74%) samples were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. All health-care workers were tested negative. All positive cases were females and 5 of them aged between 44 to 75 years and one aged 32 years. The prevalence in young females (≤40 years) was 1.4% in total young females tested in the study and 1.75% in young females taken from public community. The prevalence in older females aged (≤ 40 years), was 11.1% in total females tested and 13.9% in females taken from public community. In conclusion, the preliminary investigation of SARS-CoV-2 revealed considerable prevalence in Alzintan City although the disease seems to be in its mild form. Active surveillance studies with high number of samples using both virological and serological tests are in urgent need.
Effect of oral propranolol administration on azygos, renal and hepatic uptake and output of catecholamines in cirrhosis
Authors: Flemming Bendtsen, Niels Juel Christensen, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Jens H. Henriksen
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Circulating catecholamines are increased in cirrhosis with portal hypertension, and increase further after propranolol. In 23 cirrhotic patients, plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine were determined in an artery, the azygos vein, the right renal vein and a hepatic vein before and after an oral 80-mg dose of propranolol. Baseline azygos and renal venous norepinephrine levels were significantly higher than arterial norepinephrine levels (+20%, p less than 0.005; and +28%, p less than 0.001, respectively). Hepatic venous norepinephrine and all venous epinephrine values were below the arterial values (all p less than 0.05). After propranolol intake, arterial norepinephrine and epinephrine increased (+16%, p less than 0.01; and +93%, p less than 0.001, respectively). Significant increases in norepinephrine and epinephrine were found in azygos and renal veins (all p less than 0.01), whereas hepatic venous norepinephrine and epinephrine remained unchanged. Azygos and hepatic blood flow decreased after propranolol intake (-27%, p less than 0.05; and -16%, p less than 0.01, respectively). Azygos spillover of norepinephrine (an estimate of locally released norepinephrine delivered to the circulation) and clearance of epinephrine remained unaltered. Hepatointestinal clearance showed no significant change for norepinephrine, but showed a borderline-significant decrease for epinephrine (-23%, p = 0.08). Our results show a net production of norepinephrine in the prehepatic splanchnic area drained through superior portalsystemic collaterals and in the kidneys. The increase in circulating catecholamines after propranolol intake is probably due to a combination of further enhancement of sympathetic activity and a decrease in catecholamine degradation.
Body Composition and Mortality after Adult Lung Transplantation in the United States
Authors: Jonathan P. Singer, Eric R. Peterson, Mark E. Snyder, Patricia P. Katz, Jeffrey A. Golden, Frank D’Ovidio, Matthew Bacchetta, Joshua R. Sonett, Jasleen Kukreja, Lori Shah, Hilary Robbins, Kristin Van Horn, Rupal J. Shah, Joshua M. Diamond, Nancy Wickersham, Li Sun, Steven Hays, Selim M. Arcasoy, Scott M. Palmer, Lorraine B. Ware, Jason D. Christie, David J. Lederer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Obesity and underweight are contraindications to lung transplantation based on their associations with mortality in studies performed before implementation of the lung allocation score (LAS)-based organ allocation system in the United States Objectives: To determine the associations of body mass index (BMI) and plasma leptin levels with survival after lung transplantation.We used multivariable-adjusted regression models to examine associations between BMI and 1-year mortality in 9,073 adults who underwent lung transplantation in the United States between May 2005 and June 2011, and plasma leptin and mortality in 599 Lung Transplant Outcomes Group study participants. We measured body fat and skeletal muscle mass using whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry in 142 adult lung transplant candidates.Adjusted mortality rates were similar among normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9), and class I obese (BMI 30-34.9) transplant recipients. Underweight (BMI < 18.5) was associated with a 35% increased rate of death (95% confidence interval, 10-66%). Class II-III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m(2)) was associated with a nearly twofold increase in mortality (hazard ratio, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.8). Higher leptin levels were associated with increased mortality after transplant surgery performed without cardiopulmonary bypass (P for interaction = 0.03). A BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2) was 26% sensitive and 97% specific for total body fat-defined obesity.A BMI of 30.0-34.9 kg/m(2) is not associated with 1-year mortality after lung transplantation in the LAS era, perhaps because of its low sensitivity for obesity. The association between leptin and mortality suggests the need to validate alternative methods to measure obesity in candidates for lung transplantation. A BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2) may no longer contraindicate lung transplantation.
Balloon Probe for the Colonoscopic Small Intestinal Enema (CE)
Authors: E. Frimberger
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

The colonoscopic small intestinal enema (CE) permits the radiological examination of a large portion of the distal small intestine during colonoscopy. The colon (endoscopically) and the small intestine (radiologically) can thus be examined in one session. With a new balloon probe that can be passed through the instrumentation channel of the endoscope, it is no longer necessary to prepare the colonoscope by fitting a circular balloon as previously described, before introducing it into the patient. With the balloon probe, CE can be carried out at any time if an unexpected finding such as inflammation of the ileo-cecal valve makes the examination of the ileum desirable.
AN INACTIVE PRECURSOR OF STREPTOCOCCAL PROTEINASE
Authors: Stuart D. Elliott, Vincent P. Dole
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

1. Streptococcal proteinase is derived from an inactive precursor found in culture filtrates of proteinase-producing streptococci. 2. The precursor can be converted into the proteinase by low concentrations of trypsin but not by chymotrypsin. 3. In cultures grown in suitable media the conversion of precursor to proteinase is effected autocatalytically. This reaction occurs under reducing conditions and is initiated by active proteinase present in low concentrations with the precursor. 4. The autocatalytic reaction is suppressed or retarded by conditions which decrease the activity of the proteinase, e.g. by growing cultures at 22 degrees C. instead of at 37 degrees C. or by growing them under markedly aerobic conditions. It is also retarded in the presence of casein.
Confessions of a Medical Heretic
Authors: William R. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This is not a collection of confessions but rather a collection of opinions, only some of which are reliable. The book will delight many who view medicine as a nonsystem that is exploiting the public and will anger others who view medicine as being under unfair and damaging attack. Most physicians will find much in here with which to agree but also a great deal with which to take exception. It is an easy book to read, perhaps because one can dismiss so much of it as piffle; nevertheless it makes for an evening's entertainment and would shorten one four-hour airplane trip. The technique of describing one specific situation or case history and then generalizing to all situations or all case histories is a dangerous one, and such extrapolations are carefully avoided by all responsible scientists. However, this approach of Mendelsohn's supplies the grist for his mill— and its faulty
POLYMORPHIC LIGHT ERUPTIONS: RELATION TO ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT INTENSITY AND HOURS OF SUNSHINE.
Authors: H. BRODTHAGEN, J. V. CHRISTIANSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1956)

Journal Article POLYMORPHIC LIGHT ERUPTIONS: RELATION TO ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT INTENSITY AND HOURS OF SUNSHINE. Get access H. BRODTHAGEN, H. BRODTHAGEN Finsen Institute, Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. V. CHRISTIANSEN J. V. CHRISTIANSEN Finsen Institute, Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 68, Issue 7-8, 1 July 1956, Pages 261–263, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1956.tb12813.x Published: 01 July 1956
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ALLEGED TUBERCULOUS ÆTIOLOGY OF ERYTHEMA EXUDATIVUM MULTIFORME (HEBRA).
Authors: RUPERT HALLAM, J. W. EDINGTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1933)

Journal Article AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ALLEGED TUBERCULOUS ÆTIOLOGY OF ERYTHEMA EXUDATIVUM MULTIFORME (HEBRA). Get access RUPERT HALLAM, M.D., RUPERT HALLAM, M.D. Physician in Charge of the Skin‐Department, Royal Infirmary, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. W. EDINGTON, M.D. J. W. EDINGTON, M.D. Professor of Bacteriology, The University, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 45, Issue 4, 1 April 1933, Pages 133–144, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1933.tb10159.x Published: 01 April 1933
A simple risk score for prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Roxana Mehran, Eve D. Aymong, Eugenia Nikolsky, Zoran Lasic, Ioannis Iakovou, Martin Fahy, Gary S. Mintz, Alexandra J. Lansky, Jeffrey W. Moses, Gregg W. Stone, Martin B. Leon, George Dangas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Diagnosis and Drug Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Frank J. Ayd
Journal: JAMA (1969)

In the 17 years since modern pharmacotherapy for emotional and mental disorders was inaugurated by the advent of chlorpromazine and reserpine, there has been a phenomenal increase in psychoactive drugs. This has made it possible for all physicians—not just psychiatrists—to treat the psychiatrically ill, and has challenged the diagnostic acumen and the therapeutic skill of physicians, especially the nonpsychiatrists. Prescribing physicians have needed a book which would help them to distinguish between the various types of psychiatric illnesses, increase their knowledge of the psychoactive drugs, and enable them to master the art of psychopharmacotherapy. Drs. Klein and Davis, exceptionally well-qualified experts on the psychoactive drugs and their judicious use, have achieved their goal of satisfying this need. The book is well-organized, clear, concise but comprehensive, and pragmatic. Anyone interested in improving his knowledge of psychoactive drugs and his skill in rationally prescribing these compounds will find here a wealth of
Unexplained acute arthritis in hemiplegia.
Authors: W S Mitchell, H A Capell
Journal: BMJ (1982)

reported here were performed.They were receiving one or more of the following drugs: carbamazepine, phenytoin, primidone, and sodium val- proate.Sixteen healthy male volunteers aged 19 to 40 years and not taking drugs were studied as a control group.Blood samples were obtained mid-morning.Plasma unbound testosterone was measured by ultrafiltration using purified tritiated testosterone as the radioactive tracer (1, 2, 6, 7-3H testosterone, Amersham International).Sex- hormone-binding globulin was measured by a modification of the method of Rosner and plasma total testosterone by radioimmunoassay using 1, 2, 6, 7-3H testosterone.The table shows the results of the assays.Concentrations of sex-hormone-
ASTHENOPIA NOT DUE TO REFRACTIVE ERRORS.
Authors: HENRY GRADLE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The inability to use apparently healthy eyes for near work, without increasing discomfort or pain, is usually caused by refractive errors, or insufficiency of accommodation. In a series of 500 patients with asthenopic complaints taken consecutively from my records, the symptoms were caused by hypermetropia, astigmatism or presbyopia in 75 to 80 per cent. In 20 to 25 per cent. the asthenopia could not be accounted for in this manner, for either the optic conditions were perfect or, if not, their correction gave no relief. Some of the factors which lead to asthenopia, in the instances not dependent upon optic faults, are suggested by a study of the refractive cases, if we consider them as patients and not merely as the possessors of optically imperfect eyes. The importance of refractive errors varies according to whether we study them either in the patients of our office practice or in the population
Pertussis and pertussis vaccine. Reanalysis of benefits, risks, and costs
Authors: A. R. Hinman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Using recently published information, we examined the experience of a hypothetical cohort of 1 million children followed up from birth to 6 years of age without and with a pertussis vaccination program. Costs associated with death or lost wages were not estimated. A vaccination program reaching 90% of children would reduce disease incidence and disease-related costs by 90%. Taking into account costs associated with vaccine and vaccine reactions, the costs are reduced 82%. The ratio of overall costs without a program to those with a program is 5.7:1. The benefit-cost ratio is 11.1:1. Because we did not include indirect costs, this is a conservative estimate. Until improved vaccines are available, continued use of our present vaccines, with careful attention to possible contraindications, seems the only prudent course to follow.An analysis was performed on the experience of a hypothetical cohort of one million children followed from birth to 6 years of age with and without a pertussis vaccination program. The results indicated that a vaccination program reaching 90% of children would reduce disease incidence and disease-related costs by 90%. Based on a conservative approach that considered only direct costs associated with vaccine and vaccine reactions, the authors calculated that the benefit-cost ratio of an immunization program is 11.1:1. They conclude that, until improved vaccines are developed, it is prudent to continue use of present vaccines with careful attention to possible contraindications.
The Family Practitioner and Psychiatric Problems in the Old
Authors: David A. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  In the Jan 23/30, 1987, issue of JAMA , the ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION by German et al 1 and an editorial by Dr Glass 2 clearly make the points that psychiatric problems among seniors are common, that the incidence of such disorders is rising, that seniors underuse the formal mental health system as a result of fears of stigmatization, and that most mental health care provided to seniors is provided by primary care physicians. Furthermore, primary care providers frequently fail to diagnose these problems, and, when they do diagnose them, management may not be optimal. Shortened contact time with seniors and ageism are cited.  Two important factors contributing to poor performance by nonpsychiatrists in this area, barely mentioned by Dr Glass, require expansion.  Here in South Dakota, there is a problem with availability of formal mental health services that primary care providers may consult or refer patients to. Psychiatrists
STUDIES OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL TOXINS IN RELATION TO TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS (THE SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME)
Authors: J. P. ARBUTHNOTT, JANET KENT, A. LYELL, C. G. GEMMELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— A diffusible product which causes extensive epidermal splitting in new-born mice, has been obtained from phage group II staphylococci in a highly purified form. It is free of staphylococcal α-toxin, δ-toxin and hyaluronidase and has a molecular weight of approximately 33,000. Criteria of purity are presented and the possible role of this factor in experimental T.E.N. is discussed.
IL-12 indirectly enhances proliferation of 5-FU-treated human hematopoietic peripheral blood CD34+ cells
Authors: Stéphanie Grafte, Catherine Lévêque, Jérôme Paysant, Marc Vasse, Claudine Soria, Jean-Pierre Vannier
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) or natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF), has multiple effects on T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. In this study, the effect of IL-12 on human hematopoiesis was studied by analyzing the growth of CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC), in steady state. In the presence of Epo, IL-12 alone or in combination with IL-3 or SCF had no effect on the formation of colonies from CD34+ cells. In culture with Epo, G-CSF, and IL-3, the effect of Flt3-ligand (FL) on CD34+ PBSC was investigated in the presence or absence of IL-12. No additional effect of IL-12 was observed when combined with FL. We evaluated 5-FU-treated human CD34+ PBSC proliferation in cultures with Epo, G-CSF, and IL-3, in the presence or absence of IL-12. No cytokine combination enhanced colony formation from 5-FU-treated CD34+ cells. However, in cultures of 5-FU-treated human CD34+ cells, the most efficient combination was IL-3 + Epo + G-CSF + Accessory cells (CD34-). Furthermore, IL-12 enhanced this colony formation significantly. To investigate whether immature CD34+ cells were responsible for FL or SCF, 5-FU-treated human CD34+ cells were cultured with or without IL-12. Whereas no synergistic effect was observed in combination with IL-12, SCF alone significantly enhanced colony formation. However, the colony number was found to be smaller than with the potent combination of accessory cells in the presence of IL-12. These results indicate that accessory cells, lost in CD34+ cell purification, could be partly responsible for an IL-12 effect on immature human PBSC proliferation.
The Decubitus Ulcer
Authors: Sylvia Griem
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This 134-page book covers in 13 chapters all one might need or want to know about a commonplace, frustrating problem confronting patients, nursing personnel, and physicians in all arenas of medical practice. From a discussion of the origin of the term<i>decubitus</i>in chapter 1, the historical aspects, pathophysiology, clinical picture, histopathology, bacteriology, medical, surgical, and rehabilitative approaches, compounding medical aspects, decubitus ulcers in animals, a pressure sore protocol, and prevention are considered in succeeding chapters. Several chapters are written by the authors while others are written by various contributors, leading to some redundancy. The literature on this topic is reviewed but not critically evaluated. It is an extensive summary of old, for the most part, well-known material without the addition of new information. But it is a useful reference book on an important problem and can be read in a short time.
CIRCULATING PROCOAGULANT MICROPARTICLES ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AT MIDTERM FOLLOW-UP IN PATIENTS WITH NON-VALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Sylvie Lang, Stephane Ederhy, Ghislaine Dufaitre, Louise Boyer-Chatenet, Catherine Meuleman, Nabila Haddour, Fanny Douna, Emmanuelle Berthelot-Garcias, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Franck Boccara, Jean Marie Freyssinet, Alain Tedgui, Ariel Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Aortic arch atheromas as a risk factor for ischemic stroke in patients of different race-ethnicity
Authors: Marco R. Di Tullio, Maria Teresa Savoia, Ralph L. Sacco, Renee G. Weslow, Douglas E. Kargman, Lynette M. Mendoza, Iqbal Omarali, Shunichi Homma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Mine Eyes Have Seen
Authors: Lonnie R. Bristow
Journal: JAMA (1989)

As I look at the United States of America and its 212 short years of existence as a free nation, I realize I have been personal witness to fully a quarter of those years, and it seems to me that the United States is nothing if not a nation of great passion trying, almost desperately at times, to achieve the added dimension of compassion as it pursues its destiny. When a nation feels so strongly about an issue that it will fight a war that will knowingly pit brother against brother—there clearly is passion. When the key issues of that war include the freeing of a people from bondage—there clearly is compassion. The birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr, in 1989 is an excellent time for<i>JAMA</i>to pause and examine the issue of black American health, the reason being that the thrust of King's work and the logical pursuit
Effects of Learning on Visceral Functions — Biofeedback
Authors: Neal E. Miller, Barry R. Dworkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The brain has a major role in regulation of respiration, heart rate, blood pressure and release of hormones such as ACTH, and in the complex control of temperature and electrolyte balance. The lower centers of the brain, which regulate many of these vital visceral functions, were once thought to be largely autonomous, but recent research emphasizes many anatomic and functional connections between the higher and lower centers of the brain. Furthermore, the visceral organs are represented at the brain's highest level, the cerebral cortex. This presentation reviews recent findings on psychologic and learned effects on the visceral processes and some . . .
Disappearance of spermatozoa from ejaculate after vasectomy.
Authors: R P Marwood, V Beral
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Disappearance of spermatozoa from ejaculate after vasectomyThe disappearance of spermatozoa from the ejaculate after vasectomy is said to be influenced by age, frequency of ejaculation, and time since operation.' 1 Since their relative importance is not clear we examined the histories of 624 men who underwent vasectomy at the Margaret Pyke Centre from July 1971 to October 1972 to investigate the independent effects of these factors on the clearance of spermatozoa. Methods and resultsDetails of data collection, surgical techniques, and methods of semen
COMPOUND FRACTURE OF OLECRANON WITH DISLOCATION OF BOTH BONES OF FOREARM.
Authors: B. N. TORREY
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The patient was a well developed, muscular laboring man, 59 years of age, weighing 180 pounds. The dislocation was well marked; the heads of both bones were resting on the anterior surface of the humerus above the condyles, and the lower extremity with the olecranon in position was very prominent. This compound injury was produced by throwing the arm up, to shield the face from the kick of a horse, and while in this position— flexed at right angles, and the muscles taut—the full force of the blow was received on the ulna, about 2 or 2½ inches from the tip of the olecranon, producing a compound, oblique fracture, including about one-third of the articular surface of the head of the ulna, and the line of fracture extending to a point about 2 inches forward on the posterior surface. Reduction was accomplished by holding the arm at a right angle,