tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Glibenclamide antagonizes adenosine A1 receptor-mediated cardioprotection in stunned canine myocardium.
Authors: Z Yao, G J Gross
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND The main objective of the present study was to determine the role of adenosine in the development of myocardial stunning following multiple, brief periods of coronary artery occlusion as well as the subtype of adenosine receptor (A1 or A2) involved. A second objective was to determine if there was an interaction between the adenosine A1 receptor and the ATP-dependent K channel (KATP). METHODS AND RESULTS The effects of the selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX) and agonist cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), the selective A2 receptor agonist CGS 21680, and the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide on myocardial stunning produced by repetitive coronary artery occlusions were studied in barbital-anesthetized dogs. Regional segment function was measured with sonomicrometry. Under control conditions, six 5-minute periods of coronary occlusion interspersed with 10-minute periods of reperfusion and ultimately followed by 2 hours of reperfusion produced regional segment dysfunction. Pretreatment with intravenous infusion of CPA (2.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) improved percent segment shortening throughout reperfusion, whereas pretreatment with DPCPX (1.0 mg/kg i.v. bolus) significantly worsened the recovery of postischemic contractile function. In contrast, neither DPCPX nor CPA had any effect on the recovery of contractile function when administered before the second coronary occlusion. Furthermore, pretreatment with CGS 21680 (0.2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) did not affect the recovery of percent segment shortening. In addition, pretreatment with a low dose of glibenclamide (0.1 mg/kg) had no effect on percent segment shortening by itself but completely abolished the beneficial effect of CPA. Importantly, the effects of the various agents on percent segment shortening were independent of difference in systemic hemodynamics, collateral blood flow, or ischemic bed size. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that stimulation of myocardial adenosine A1 receptors, particularly when induced by the initial coronary artery occlusion, is cardioprotective during repetitive, brief periods of coronary artery occlusion and that these beneficial actions may be partially mediated via a glibenclamide-sensitive mechanism, possibly opening of myocardial KATP channels.
Estrogen Receptors and Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Authors: DENNIS MORGAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1981Estrogen Receptors and Lymphocytic LymphomaDENNIS MORGAN, M.D.DENNIS MORGAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-6-783_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent report by Stark and colleagues (1) of the presence of estrogen receptors in a lymph node containing Hodgkin's disease is of great interest, and the clinical regression of this node as the patient was given diethylstilbestrol for concurrent prostatic carcinoma is even more interesting.In support of the contention that at least some lymphoid malignancies contain estrogen receptor activity by conventional assay, I wish to mention the case of a 55-year-old woman who presented to the University of Michigan in April 1976. She had widely disseminated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, including involvement of the skin and the...References1. STARKLLOYDSCHELLHAMMER JJP. Estrogen receptor activity in a case of Hodgkin's disease. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:186-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KIANGKENNEDY DB. Estrogen receptor assay in the differential diagnosis of adenocarcinomas. JAMA. 1977;238:32-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LEE S. Cytochemical study of estrogen receptor in human mammary cancer. Am J Clin Pathol. 1978;70:197-203. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. NARASIMHANAMARAL PL. Lymphopenic response of patients presenting with chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with carcinoma of the prostate to diethylstibesterol. Am J Hematol. 1980;8:369-75. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. . Treatment and survival of patients with cancer of the prostate. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1967;124:1011-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, CT 06032 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAnti-Estrogens Induce Apoptosis of Multiple Myeloma CellsAnti-Estrogens Induce Apoptosis of Multiple Myeloma CellsPrimary breast lymphoma: An immunohistologic study of 20 new casesOestrogen receptor (ER) analysis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Correlation of biochemical and immunocytochemical methodsTamoxifen in the Treatment of Refractory Lymphoma 1 December 1981Volume 95, Issue 6Page: 783-783KeywordsEstrogensHodgkin lymphomaLymph nodesLymphoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Localizing Coronary Artery Obstructions with the Exercise Treadmill Test
Authors: DANIEL B. MARK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

To determine if patterns of ST depression or elevation during exercise testing provide reliable information about the location of an underlying coronary lesion, we studied 452 consecutive patients with one-vessel disease who underwent treadmill testing. Exercise ST changes were classified as elevation or depression and by lead groups involved. The ST depression occurred most commonly in leads V5 or V6 regardless of which coronary artery was involved. In contrast, anterior ST elevation indicated left anterior descending coronary disease in 93% of cases, and inferior ST elevation indicated a lesion in or proximal to the posterior descending artery in 86% of cases. Furthermore, anterior ST elevation in leads without diagnostic Q waves usually indicated a high-grade, often proximal, left anterior descending stenosis, whereas anterior ST elevation in leads with Q waves usually indicated a totally occluded left anterior descending coronary artery. Thus, ST elevation during exercise testing, although uncommon, is a reliable guide to the underlying coronary lesion, whereas ST depression is not.
Vaccination with an adenoviral vector encoding hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protein protects against infection with HCV-recombinant vaccinia virus
Authors: L. Arribillaga, A.Lopez-Diaz de Cerio, P. Sarobe, N. Casares, M. Gorraiz, A. Vales, O. Bruna-Romero, F. Borras, G. Paranhos-Baccala, J. Prieto, J. Ruiz, J.J. Lasarte
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Imaging of Extranodal Lymphoma With PET/CT
Authors: Ahmet Turan Ilica, Kenan Kocacelebi, Recep Savas, Asli Ayan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Hodgkin disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represent a spectrum of malignant neoplasms arising from the lymphoid system with an incidence of around 8% of all malignancies. Although they are generally known as tumors of lymph nodes, 25% to 40% of HD/NHL tumors, especially NHL, arise at extranodal sites along the gastrointestinal tract, head and neck, orbit, central and peripheral nervous system, thorax, bone, skin, breast, testis, thyroid, and genitourinary tract. Extranodal involvement is an important pretreatment prognostic factor for patients with lymphoma and its incidence has increased in the past 2 decades. Imaging plays an important role in the noninvasive pretreatment assessment of patients with extranodal lymphoma. This involvement can be subtle and may be overlooked during computed tomography (CT). Positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) has evolved into an important imaging tool for evaluation of lymphomas, facilitating the detection of affected extranodal sites even when CT shows subtle or no obvious lesions. Familiarity with extranodal manifestations and suggestive PET/CT features in different sites is important for accurate evaluation of lymphoma. This article reviews the extranodal PET/CT imaging findings regarding HD and NHL.
Abstract 2498: BNC105 is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor that exhibits vascular disruptive activity in renal cancer and causes upregulation in HIF1alpha, HIF2alpha and mTOR
Authors: Annabell F. Leske, Donna M. Beaumont, Tina C. Lavranos, Jelena Gasic, Carolyn J. Coles, Clayton A. Matthews, Renee J. Phillips, Gabriel Kremmidiotis
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract BNC105 is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor. This agent selectively disrupts the vasculature in tumors, and in addition acts as a direct cytotoxic against cancer cells. BNC105 has demonstrated single agent efficacy in a number of cell lines and tumor models, including breast, colon, prostate, brain and lung cancer. We have investigated the activity of BNC105 in renal cancer cell lines and renal tumor xenografts. BNC105 exhibits cytotoxic activity with EC50 values in the range of 1-20nM. A number of other chemotherapeutic and targeted agents exhibit activity that is comparable or considerably lower than BNC105. Furthermore, we investigated the activity of BNC105 in disrupting the vasculature of tumors arising from human renal cancer cell lines. Our investigations included the renal cell lines Caki-1 and A498. Caki-1 cells express the wild type of the VHL gene, whereas A498 cells expresses a non-functional mutant form of VHL. In addition A498 cells do not express HIF1alpha. Somatic mutation of the VHL gene is the most frequent genetic alteration observed in renal cell carcinoma leading to inappropriate accumulation of HIF1alpha and HIF2alpha. Single dose BNC105 treatment of mice bearing tumor xenografts arising from these cell lines resulted in substantial tumor vascular disruption giving rise to large areas of tumor necrosis. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that expression of HIF1alpha was dramatically increased following BNC105 treatment in tumors arising from the renal cell line Caki-1. HIF1alpha expression in A498 tumors was restricted to endothelial cells and did not change following BNC105 treatment. HIF2alpha expression was found to be upregulated in cells surrounding areas of BNC105 induced necrosis in both Caki-1 and A498 tumors. These findings suggest that vascular disruption and necrosis caused by BNC105 lead to an angiogenic rebound effect that may contribute to tumor recovery from the vascular disruption insult. Given the key role of mTOR signaling in upregulation of HIF we examined the expression of phosphorylated mTOR in renal tumor xenografts following treatment with BNC105. Expression of phosphorylated mTOR was distinctly upregulated in viable cell zones surrounding tumor VDA-induced necrotic areas in both Caki-1 and A498 tumors. These findings suggest that tumor recovery from the necrotic insult of BNC105 is mediated through upregulation of mTOR activity. The potential benefit of combining BNC105 with mTOR inhibitors on the growth of renal tumors is currently being investigated. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2498.
Facts and fictions of HCV and comorbidities: Steatosis, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Francesco Negro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. A significant portion of the morbidity and mortality associated with HCV is a consequence of numerous HCV-associated comorbidities. Type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis, two known complications of the metabolic syndrome, are noteworthy, because HCV has been suggested to play a role in their pathogenesis. In addition, HCV also causes steatosis, which may increase the risk of cardiovascular events. This review summarizes the evidence supporting the association between HCV and steatosis, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Their diagnostic, prognostic and management aspects are discussed.
Abstract 4923: Myofibroblasts induce specific epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) patterns in colorectal cancer cells by enhanced secretion of bone morphogenic protein (BMP) inhibitors
Authors: George S. Karagiannis, Natasha Musrap, Eleftherios P. Diamandis
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is dictated by both cell-autonomous and stromal oncogenic signals. We hypothesized that colon cancer desmoplasia provides multiple signals, inducing EMT in cancer cells. To address this issue, we first developed cell-contact cocultures of SW480 and SW620 cell lines with normal fibroblasts. Cocultured fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) acquired the myofibroblastic phenotype with increased alpha-SMA and MMP2 expression, which was reversed by TGF-beta disruption. We identified oncogenic signals from myofibroblasts, after subjecting mono- and cocultures to secretome analysis with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In a total of 1551 identified proteins (&amp;gt;2 peptides), a) secretome algorithms based on prediction of secretion, were deployed, allowing the removal of intracellular contaminants from the generated coculture lists and b) monoculture datasets were used as exclusion datasets to denote the non-specific-to-desmoplasia proteins. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis in this “desmoplastic” dataset (124 proteins) was used for protein clustering and recovery of a potential EMT cluster. We deployed: a) Ingenuity pathway analysis, b) Gene ontology, c) Smooth muscle enrichment analysis with Genevestigator d) Protein-protein interaction network analysis with STRING. Interestingly, this integration revealed GREM1, FST and FSTL3, three Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) inhibitors, as potent MET disruptors in colorectal cancer. We thus hypothesized that cancer cells recruit stromal fibroblasts to disrupt unfavorable BMP signaling (through generation of multiple BMP inhibitors), which supports a cancer cell undifferentiated state. To test this, a colon cancer cell line (HT29; active BMP signaling), was treated with human BMP7 and decreased cell migration (p&amp;lt;0.05) and proliferation (p&amp;lt;0.05) were shown. These lysates were further used for proteomic analysis (LC-MS/MS) with label-free quantitation to investigate differential protein expression. Using gene expression meta-analysis from fetal tissues, a significant (p&amp;lt;0.01) shift from mesenchymal to epithelial protein dominance was noticed, after 200 ng/mL BMP7 treatment. Differentially expressed proteins remain to be validated, to better characterize the “BMP-7-disrpuption” EMT signatures in colon cancer. In conclusion, integrative “systems biology” approaches may support the identification and validation of EMT signatures with important causative links to cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4923. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4923
Induction of cell cycle progression by hepatitis B virus HBx gene expression in quiescent mouse fibroblasts.
Authors: K Koike, K Moriya, H Yotsuyanagi, S Iino, K Kurokawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The HBx gene of hepatitis B virus has been shown to induce hepatic tumors in transgenic mice and is implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis in human hepatitis B virus infection. To further characterize the role of HBx gene in carcinogenesis, we established mouse fibroblast cell lines in which the expression of HBx gene could be controlled by glucocorticoid hormone and examined the effect of HBx gene expression on cell growth in vitro. Along with the expression of HBx gene, most cells in the G0/G1 phase moved into the S phase in 24 h, and the cell cycle progressed further toward 48 h. Induction of DNA synthesis was also demonstrated by bromo-deoxyuridine labeling analysis. These results indicate that HBx gene has a function to trigger the synthesis of cellular DNA and suggest that HBx gene may play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis in human infection by driving deregulated cell cycle progression.
Characterization of return cycle responses predictive of successful pacing-mediated termination of ventricular tachycardia
Authors: David J Callans, Bruce G Hook, Raman L Mitra, Mark E Josephson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to characterize response patterns during overdrive pacing that predict successful termination of ventricular tachycardia. Background. Overdrive pacing during ventricular tachycardia typically results in entrainment at slow pacing rates and in termination or acceleration at faster rates. The factors that determine the critical paced cycle length that results in tachycardia termination have not been extensively studied. Methods. Ventricular tachycardias in 14 patients with coronary artery disease were studied with overdrive pacing at several cycle lengths. Return cycles were measured after each additional paced beat at each paced cycle length. The return cycle responses during pacing trials that resulted in tachycardia termination and those that resulted in entrainment were compared. Results. Three return cycle responses were identified: flat, plateau and increasing. Twenty trials of overdrive pacing resulted in tachycardia termination; all were characterized by an increase in the return cycle with the delivery of each successive beat in the pacing drive until the tachycardia terminated (increasing response). Thirty-four pacing trials resulted in entrainment and not termination; these were characterized either by a constant return cycle (flat response) or an initial increase in return cycle followed by a longer, constant return cycle (plateau response) with the delivery of additional paced beats. The longest paced cycle length that resulted in tachycardia termination correlated with the relative refractory period of the circuit, defined as the tachycardia cycle length minus the fully excitable gap (r2= 0.764, p = 0.0001). Tachycardia termination was not observed unless the paced cycle length was shorter than the relative refractory period of the circuit. Conclusions. The critical paced cycle length that causes termination of ventricular tachycardia depends on the relative refractory period of the circuit because this factor determines whether the nth + 1 beat of the pacing drive will encounter partially recovered tissue. These data provide insights into the mechanism of pacing-mediated tachycardia termination and entrainment and are applicable to the development of improved antitachycardia pacing algorithms.
Payment by results could destabilise the NHS
Authors: Kathryn Godfrey
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Trusts need to prepare carefully for the implementation of the payment by results system to avoid financial instability, warns a report from the Audit Commission.

Payment by results is a way of paying providers a fixed national price for each case treated, replacing block contracts and locally agreed prices. The system, which is to be introduced across all English trusts from April 2006 for non-elective and elective care, has the aim of increasing productivity, rewarding efficiency, and …
Acute Hemolytic Anemia, Cryoglobulinemia and Cold Agglutination
Authors: Harold O. Conn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE term cryoglobulinemia, from the Greek κρν́ος meaning cold, was coined by Lerner and Watson1 to describe abnormal globulins that have the physical characteristics of precipitating on cooling and redissolving on subsequent warming. These authors reviewed the fourteen prior reports on this subject.2 In addition to cases associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis3 and other diseases that occasionally exhibit small amounts of cryoglobulins,2 , 4 20 cases of high-grade cryoglobulinemia have since been reported.Rørvik5 has recently described a patient with severe Raynaud syndrome who had an extremely high cold-agglutinin titer and cryoglobulinemia, and a mild chronic hemolytic anemia. Previously, Craig et al. . . .
Death and blindness due to overdose of quinine.
Authors: E H Dyson, A T Proudfoot, L F Prescott, R Heyworth
Journal: BMJ (1985)

During 1953-83 there were 48 admissions to the regional poisoning treatment centre, Edinburgh, for overdose of quinine including 19 since 1978. Six patients were blind and one had ventricular tachycardia. Stellate ganglion block was performed without benefit in seven patients. No patient died, but three deaths from cardiotoxicity occurred in a further 71 patients reported to the Scottish Poisons Information Bureau. Plasma quinine concentration related to time from ingestion was found to be a useful predictor of visual toxicity.
Inosine as a selective inotropic agent on ischaemic myocardium?
Authors: K. V WOOLLARD, R. O KINGABY, M. J LAB, A. W G COLE, T N. PALMER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1981)

Intravenous infusion of inosine (15 mg.kg-1.min-1) to the open-chested pig resulted in hypotension, coronary vasodilatation and slightly increased myocardial contractility. Following coronary occlusion, the action of inosine to increase myocardial contractility was apparently selective. Regional myocardial performance of ischaemic myocardium was increased significantly relative to nonischaemic. The selectivity of inotropic action was not mimicked by glucose-insulin-potassium. It is concluded that the selectivity is multifactoral and that the inotropic, vasodilatory and metabolic actions of the nucleoside contribute to the apparent selectivity.
The Use of Mumps Skin Test in Adults
Authors: Richard M. Angle
Journal: JAMA (1961)

MUMPS SKIN TEST ANTIGEN has been available for more than 10 years, but relatively few reports of its use have appeared in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to report the use of the mumps skin test in 170 adolescent and adult patients who had intimate contact with patients ill with mumps, but who gave no history of having had the disease.  A brief review of the literature reveals evidence of the reliability of the test. In 1946 Enders et al.1first showed that persons who reacted positively to a suspension of heat-inactivated mumps virus could be regarded as resistant to mumps. Florman et al.2in 1950 reported the results of the skin test in 109 household contacts of patients with mumps. Sixty contacts were skin test-positive, of whom only 1 developed parotitis, whereas 11 of the 49 negative reactors developed mumps. In an analysis
Activated innate immunity and the involvement of CX3CR1–fractalkine in promoting hematuria in patients with IgA nephropathy
Authors: Sharon N. Cox, Fabio Sallustio, Grazia Serino, Antonia Loverre, Francesco Pesce, Margherita Gigante, Gianluigi Zaza, Patrizia F. Stifanelli, Nicola Ancona, Francesco P. Schena
Journal: Kidney International (2012)