tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Second Cancers in Patients Treated for Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: J.-F. Boivin, G. B. Hutchison, A. G. Zauber, L. Bernstein, F. G. Davis, R. P. Michel, B. Zanke, C. T. C. Tan, L. M. Fuller, P. Mauch, J. E. Ultmann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Incidence of Second Cancers in Patients Treated for Hodgkin's Disease Get access Jean-François Boivin, Jean-François Boivin Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University Faculty of MedicineMontréal, Québec, Canada Correspondence to : Jean-François Boivin, M.D., Sc.D., F.R.C.P.C., Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, 1020 Pine Ave West, Montrébec, Canada H3A 1A2. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George B. Hutchison, George B. Hutchison Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University School of Public HealthBoston, Mass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ann G. Zauber, Ann G. Zauber Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Pediatrics Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Leslie Bernstein, Leslie Bernstein Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California School of MedicineLos Angeles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Faith G. Davis, Faith G. Davis Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of IllinoisChicago Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar René P. Michel, René P. Michel Department of Pathology, McGill University; and Royal Victoria HospitalMontréal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brent Zanke, Brent Zanke Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret HospitalToronto, Ontario, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charlotte T. C. Tan, Charlotte T. C. Tan Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Pediatrics Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lillian M. Fuller, Lillian M. Fuller Department of Radiotherapy, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter Mauch, Peter Mauch Harvard Joint Center for Radiation TherapyBoston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ... Show more John E. Ultmann John E. Ultmann Department of Medicine and the Cancer Research Center, University of Chicago Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 10, 17 May 1995, Pages 732–741, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.10.732 Published: 17 May 1995 Article history Received: 29 September 1994 Revision received: 24 January 1995 Accepted: 06 March 1995 Published: 17 May 1995
Chemotherapy and Cardiotoxicity in Older Breast Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study
Authors: John J. Doyle, Alfred I. Neugut, Judith S. Jacobson, Victor R. Grann, Dawn L. Hershman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Adjuvant chemotherapy, especially with anthracyclines, is known to cause acute and chronic cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients. We studied the cardiac effects of chemotherapy in a population-based sample of breast cancer patients aged > or = 65 years with long-term follow-up.In the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database, we analyzed treatments and outcomes among women > or = 65 years of age who were diagnosed with stage I to III breast cancer from January 1, 1992 to December 31, 1999. Propensity scores were used to control for baseline heart disease (HD) and other known predictors of chemotherapy, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of cardiomyopathy (CM), congestive heart failure (CHF), and HD after chemotherapy.Of 31,748 women with stage I to III breast cancer, 5,575 (18%) received chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was associated with younger age, fewer comorbidities, hormone receptor negativity, multiple primary tumors, and advanced disease. Patients who received chemotherapy were less likely than other patients to have pre-existing HD (45% v 55%, respectively; P < .001). The hazard ratios for CM, CHF, and HD for patients treated with doxorubicin (DOX) compared with patients who received no chemotherapy were 2.48 (95% CI, 2.10 to 2.93), 1.38 (95% CI, 1.25 to 1.52), and 1.35 (95% CI, 1.26 to 1.44), respectively. The relative risk of cardiotoxicity among patients who received DOX compared with untreated patients remained elevated 5 years after diagnosis.When baseline HD was taken into account, chemotherapy, especially with anthracyclines, was associated with a substantially increased risk of CM. As the number of long-term survivors grows, identifying and minimizing the late effects of treatment will become increasingly important.
Doctors, Drug Companies, and Gifts
Authors: Anne L. Hume
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Doctors, Drug Companies, and Gifts"1 is surprising for its naïveté, yet is profoundly disturbing for its characterization of both physicians and drug companies. Drug companies spend<i>their money</i>to gain our attention, rather than our gratitude. Were we to live in a land where there was only one drug company, and it was controlled by the state, this would not be necessary. The authors state that three problems concern them. First, gifts cost patients money. Second, acceptance may erode common perception and threaten physician-patient relationships by altering prescribing habits. Finally, that obligation ensues that engenders relationships at patients' expense. The advertising business is such a pervasive force in our economy that it would be foolish to believe that the pharmaceutical industry alone would be immune. Television already directs advertisements at consumers, bypassing physicians. And numerous allied health professionals, including pharmacists, have a significant influence
Nonoperative Treatment for Lumbar Disk Herniation
Authors: Andrew J. Haig
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effects of sprint interval training on aerobic fitness in untrained individuals: a systematic review
Authors: W Kent
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Greater aerobic fitness is associated with improved cardiovascular health. Traditionally high volume (long duration and low intensity) endurance training (ET) has been used to increase aerobic fitness. Interval training where periods of hard exercise are interspersed with periods of recovery can also enhance endurance performance. Sprint interval training (SIT) is a low volume and high intensity form of interval training. Energy for SIT is produced via both the aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways and is potentially an efficient and effective means to improve aerobic fitness. The aim was to systematically review the effects of SIT on aerobic endurance performance in untrained individuals. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and SPORTDiscus were searched up to August 2008. The reference lists of relevant papers were also searched. Included articles were limited to English language, controlled studies, investigating SIT in healthy untrained or recreationally active participants (VO 2max &lt; 55 ml/kg/min) with an outcome measure of endurance performance (as a measure of aerobic fitness). Studies fulfilling the selection criteria were assessed for methodological quality and relevant outcome data extracted. A consistent association was noted between SIT and improved endurance performance. SIT produced an improvement of ∼ 4% (95%CI −0.2 to 8.7), ∼8 to 10% (0.4 to 16), and ∼15% (0.8 to 29) after 1, 2 and 6 weeks respectively. These improvements were of the same magnitude as the improvements noted for ET, but the training volume required was approximately 90% less. Short duration SIT is an effective and efficient form of improving aerobic fitness in untrained individuals. These results could have a significant impact upon physical activity recommendations for health and fitness if further studies can confirm the health benefits associated with longer duration ET also occur with brief SIT interventions.
The cognitive impenetrability of cognition
Authors: Patrick Cavanagh
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Cognitive impenetrability is really two assertions: (1) perception and cognition have access to different knowledge bases; and (2) perception does not use cognitive-style processes. The first leads to the unusual corollary that cognition is itself cognitively impenetrable. The second fails when it is seen to be the claim that reasoning is available only in conscious processing.
Acyclovir Is Activated into a HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor in Herpesvirus-Infected Human Tissues
Authors: Andrea Lisco, Christophe Vanpouille, Egor P. Tchesnokov, Jean-Charles Grivel, Angélique Biancotto, Beda Brichacek, Julie Elliott, Emilie Fromentin, Robin Shattock, Peter Anton, Robert Gorelick, Jan Balzarini, Christopher McGuigan, Marco Derudas, Matthias Götte, Raymond F. Schinazi, Leonid Margolis
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
Joint and muscle pain with mononeuritis multiplex, tetraparesis, and myocardial infarction in a previously healthy adult
Authors: A D Wagner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

Case reportA 49 year old man presented with a three months' history of symmetrical joint and muscle pain, starting in the elbow region with further extension to the whole body, and weight loss of 11 kg within four months.Laboratory investigation showed an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 100 mm/1st h, leucocytosis of 20.6×10 9 /l, and a massively raised rheumatoid factor.Creatine kinase (CK) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) were normal.The patient had pain in elbow, wrist, knee, and ankle regions, though no joint swelling was seen.Rheumatoid arthritis was suspected and treatment with steroids and methotrexate was started.Four weeks later, an ascending numbness of the extremities occurred, starting in the left foot and subsequently spreading to both lower legs and forearms.This was accompanied by a progressive muscle weakness.The patient was then referred to our institution.On admission, the patient presented with a temperature of 38.6°C, severely reduced general condition, blood pressure of 120/95 mm Hg, and a heart rate of 120 beats/min.He had gastric cramps after food intake and could not control bowel movements and urination owing to generalised weakness.Neurological examination showed severe pain on palpation of the proximal extremities and marked impairment of sensibility of the distal extremities as well as generalised hypo/areflexia.In addition, a distally accentuated, almost complete paralysis rendered the patient unable to lift his arms, legs, or head against gravity.Laboratory investigation at that time showed an ESR of 120 mm/1st h, CK of 1425 IU/l (normal <80 IU/l) with a muscle-brain isoenzyme (CK-MB) of 31 IU/l (normal <10 IU/l or less than 6% of total CK), rheumatoid factor of 719 IU/l, leucocytosis of 21.6×10 9 /l with normal eosinophils, and a C reactive protein (CRP) of 306.3 mg/l.Complement levels were normal.Hepatitis B and C antibodies and HIV testing were negative.ANCA were negative in the beginning and twice during the course of the disease.Urine analysis showed a proteinuria of 1.5 g/24 h with 5-15 leucocytes per high power field without erythrocytes or cellular casts.An ECG and echocardiography were normal.An angiography of the mesenteric arteries showed no aneurysms or vascular
IgE receptors on human basophils. Relationship to serum IgE concentration.
Authors: F J Malveaux, M C Conroy, N F Adkinson, L M Lichtenstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

As reported previously, and confirmed here in 26 donors, the serum IgE level (2.6-5,500 ng/ml) correlates well (rs = 0.95, P less than 0.001) with the in vivo number of IgE molecules/basophil (6,000-600,000). The total number of IgE receptors/basophil was monitored by incubating them with an IgE-rich serum (15 microgram/ml), quantitatively stripping IgE from the cells at pH 3.7, and measuring eluted IgE by a direct radioimmunosorbent test. Saturation of receptors for each donor was achieved with 15 nM IgE (3 microgram/ml). The proportion of receptors occupied in vivo correlated with the serum IgE (rs = 0.84, P less than 0.001) whereas the average association constant of the receptors was independent of serum IgE and ranged from 7.1 X 10(8)/M to 2.8 X 10(10)/M, averaging 7.7 X 10(9)/M. Unexpectedly, the total number of IgE receptors/basophil was closely related to the serum IgE level. (rs = 0.92, P less than 0.001). Thus, either there is genetic association between serum IgE and the number of basophil IgE receptors, or, more likely, the receptor number is modulated by the serum IgE concentration.
The Scylla and Charybdis of Oral Anticoagulant Treatment
Authors: F.R. Rosendaal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Treatment with oral anticoagulant drugs (i.e., coumarin derivatives such as warfarin) is effective in the prevention of venous and arterial thromboembolism. In patients with atrial fibrillation, anticoagulation reduces the risk of stroke by 70 percent.1 The principal problem with anticoagulation is the variability of the effect of coumarin derivatives on the hemostatic system; patients may require very different doses (up to 10-fold differences) to reach the same level of anticoagulation, and the required dose may also vary over time in an individual patient. Since underanticoagulation is ineffective and overanticoagulation may lead to hemorrhage, anticoagulant treatment needs to be monitored and . . .
Allelic Loss at Chromosomes 3p, 8p, 13q, and l7p Associated With Poor Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: X. Li, N. K. Lee, Y.-W. Ye, P. G. Waber, C. Schweitzer, Q.-C. Cheng, P. D. Nisen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Background: Little is known about the molecular genetic events that contribute to the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. Previous molecular genetic studies have been limited to the identification of mutations of the p53 (also known as TP53) tumor suppressor gene, activation of a limited set of oncogenes, allelic loss at 3p and other locations, and occasional association with human papillomavirus infection. Purpose : Our purpose was to screen tumor tissue and blood from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract for loss of heterozygosity at polymorphic loci corresponding to each of the autosomal chromosomes and to identify the locations of additional putative tumor suppressor genes, other than RB (also known as RB1) and p53, that may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. Methods: Tumor tissue and blood were obtained from 68 consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. In all cases, tumor tissue was obtained from the center of the surgical specimen. The relative absence of non-neoplastic tissue was confirmed by frozen-section histologic examination of immediately adjacent tissue. Initially, 30 paired tissue and blood samples were tested for loss of heterozygosity by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify 43 different highly polymorphic sequences containing small oligonucleotide repeats. After PCR amplification, with unique oligonucleotides flanking the repeat, visualization and sizing of the alleles on DNA sequencing gels were performed. Specific loss of heterozygosity was distinguished from random genetic loss due to generalized chromosomal instability if it occurred in more than 20% of specimens tested for a particular marker. Results : Significant loss of heterozygosity (>20%) occurred at alleles at chromosome bands 3p21 (32%), 3p25-26 (56%), 8pter-21.1 (31%), 13q14 (27%), and 17p12 (45%). Loss of heterozygosity at more than two loci was significant with a poor prognosis ( P = .039). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract exhibits genetic alterations at multiple loci and that allelic loss at more than two locations is indicative of a poor prognosis (the likelihood of the patient dying of disease). Implications : While tumor suppressor genes at 3p (VHL), 13q (RB), and 17p (p53) have been identified, altered genes at other loci on and on 8p have not yet been characterized. Furthermore, the genotype at these loci for squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract has prognostic importance and may identify the patients who should receive the most aggressive treatment.
From the junior doctors conference: Hospital life is like a soap opera
Authors: L Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The scenes in the recent television series Cardiac Arrest were true to life and seen in hospitals across the country, Dr Edwin Borman told the junior doctors conference last week. Dr Borman, who chairs the Junior Doctors Committee and is a senior registrar in anaesthetics in Birmingham, said, “I don't think that there is anything I have seen in Cardiac Arrest that I haven't heard of.” (The programme was reviewed on 23 April, p 1108.)

Demands on junior doctors, he said, were outstripping what could be provided, and quality of care to patients was falling. Money and political will were needed to provide a service with reduced, safe hours for all doctors.

Over the past year there had been calls from junior doctors for industrial action. Three prerequisites were required, Dr Borman pointed out. Firstly, junior doctors would have to prove that they had a just legal cause and that all other options had been pursued. Secondly, there would have to be a ballot of members and the BMA had now ensured that the mechanisms were in place if these were needed. Thirdly, the membership had to be motivated. The JDC's survey on hours of work earlier this year showed what sort of action doctors would be prepared to take if balloted on industrial action (26 March, p 860). Dr Borman believed that if action was taken over pay - the committee wants 100% overtime rates - the future of the review body could be in jeopardy with negotiations transferred to local NHS trusts. If action was taken over hours of work the new deal would be threatened.

Junior doctors have rejected the idea of differential rates of pay in different hospitals and specialties. This excludes the different rates paid for rotas, partial shifts, and full shifts and for seniority …
NKT cell adjuvant-based tumor vaccine for treatment of myc oncogene-driven mouse B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Stephen R. Mattarollo, Alison C. West, Kim Steegh, Helene Duret, Christophe Paget, Ben Martin, Geoffrey M. Matthews, Jake Shortt, Marta Chesi, P. Leif Bergsagel, Michael Bots, Johannes Zuber, Scott W. Lowe, Ricky W. Johnstone, Mark J. Smyth
Journal: Blood (2012)
Government invites food industry to fund anti-obesity campaign
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Government funding for the Change4Life public health campaign is to be withdrawn and replaced by investment from businesses and charitable organisations, England’s health secretary, Andrew Lansley, announced on 7 July.

Mr Lansley said that the new government wanted to move away from state regulation and legislation to a framework in which communities and schools work together to build “young people’s confidence and self esteem” to enable them to make better decisions. He outlined his vision for the future of public health at the UK Faculty of Public Health’s annual conference in London.

“For too long our approach to public health has been fragmented, overly complex, and sadly ineffective,” he said.

The Change4Life campaign was launched by Labour in January 2009 to tackle the …
13 Liver transplantation of HIV-HCV and HIV-HBV coinfected patients: A large experience in a single centre
Authors: J.C. Duclos Vallee, E. Teicher, D. Vittecoq, C. Feray, A.M. Roque Afonso, M. Gigou, E. Dussaix, C. Guettier, M. Sebagh, D. Azoulay, R. Adam, P. Ichai, F. Saliba, B. Roche, D. Castaing, H. Bismuth, D. Samuel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
A Problem in Anesthesiology
Authors: Gertie F. Marx
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Carter's points are well taken if one assumes that the hypotension was caused by sympathetic denervation from the spinal block. However, there are cogent arguments against this belief. First, severe hypotension due to sympathetic denervation is usually associated with bradycardia because of vagal preponderance. Yet, this patient showed tachycardia. Second, evidence is accumulating that hypotension due to regional blockadeeven with levels higher than T-4— can be successfully prevented or treated with rapid intravenous infusion of balanced salt solution with or without the intravenous injection of small doses of ephedrine (Cosmi and Marx,<i>Amer J Obstet Gynec</i><b>102</b>:378, 1968; F.W. Hehre, personal communication). Yet, this patient's blood pressure did not respond to such intravenous therapy. Third, the blood pressure rose immediately upon delivery of the infant and before delivery of the placenta and administration of oxytocics. If the hypotension had been caused by sympathetic blockade, the
Lymphocyte transformation induced by autologous cells. V. generation of immunologic memory and specificity during the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction
Authors: ME Weksler, R Kozak
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Lymphocyte proliferation in vitro may follow antigen recognition and serve as a correlate of cell-mediated immunity. Lymphocyte proliferation can also be simulated by nonimmune mechanisms as, for example, following culture with plant lectin, lipopolysaccharides, or staphylococcal protein A (1). The autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) refers to the proliferation of T lymphocytes cultured with autologous mon-T lymphocytes (2,3). The purpose of this study was to determine whether lymphocyte proliferation in the autologous MLR results from immune or nonimmune mechanisms. We have shown that the autologous MLR has two classical attributes of an immune phenomenon: memory and specificity.