tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Medicare Beneficiaries With Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Daniel B. Sims
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CORRELATION BETWEEN PREDICTED TO OBSERVED CORONARY STENT EXPANSION AS DETERMINED BY INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND FOLLOWING HIGH-PRESSURE DRUG-ELUTING STENT DEPLOYMENT: IMPACT OF LESION LOCATION, PLAQUE BURDEN AND VARIANCE BETWEEN STENT PLATFORMS
Authors: Sandeep Nathan, Vikrant Jagadeesan, Asrar Khan, Patrick Dillon, Mark Gajjar, Sandra Weiss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Hybrid Dysfunction and Physiological Compensation in Gene Expression
Authors: Felipe S. Barreto, Ricardo J. Pereira, Ronald S. Burton
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2014)

The formation of new species is often a consequence of genetic incompatibilities accumulated between populations during allopatric divergence. When divergent taxa interbreed, these incompatibilities impact physiology and have a direct cost resulting in reduced hybrid fitness. Recent surveys of gene regulation in interspecific hybrids have revealed anomalous expression across large proportions of the genome, with 30-70% of all genes exhibiting transgressive expression (i.e., higher or lower levels compared with both parental taxa), and these were mostly in the direction of downregulation. However, as most of these studies have focused on pairs of species exhibiting high degrees of reproductive isolation, the association between regulatory disruption and reduced hybrid fitness prior to species formation remains unclear. Within the copepod species Tigriopus californicus, interpopulation hybrids at F2 or later generations show reduced fitness associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we show that in contrast to studies of interspecific hybrids, only 1.2% of the transcriptome is transgressively expressed in F3+ interpopulation hybrids of T. californicus, and nearly 80% of these genes are overexpressed rather than underexpressed; remarkably, none of these genes are among those showing divergent expression between parentals, nor is magnitude of transgressive gene expression in hybrids dependent on levels of protein sequence divergence. Moreover, many genes with transgressive expression are components of functional pathways impacted by mitonuclear incompatibilities in hybrid T. californicus (e.g., oxidative phosphorylation and antioxidant response). Our results suggest that hybrid breakdown at early stages of speciation may result from initial incompatibilities amplified by the cost of compensatory physiological responses.
Gall bladder polyps in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Adhere to the guidelines
Authors: Gregory Gores, Keith D. Lindor, Nataliya Razumilava
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

We thank Dr. Schramm and Dr. Lohse for their generous comments regarding our review and for sharing their experience with malignant gallbladder disease in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) patients. As noted, our recommendations do differ slightly from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) guidelines, which recommend prompt cholecystectomy for gall bladder polyps of any size in PSC patients. Our review (fig. 2) also recommends consideration of prompt cholecystectomy in PSC patients with gall bladder polyps of any size in patients with good liver function. However, in patients with impaired liver function there is a risk in performing a cholecystectomy, and using a polyp size cutoff of 0.8 cm adds specificity to the likelihood that the patient has neoplastic disease. Obviously, recommendations are only meant to guide an "individualized" approach regarding management decisions that must take into account the variety of unique patient factors. We hope this clarifies our recommendations and places them in context vis-à-vis the EASL and AASLD guidelines and provides impetus for further investigations on the subject. Gregory Gores M.D., F.A.C.P.*, Keith D. Lindor M.D.*, Nataliya Razumilava M.D.*, * Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, MN.
The Great Lead Water Pipe Disaster
Authors: Leonardo Trasande
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atrial Myxoma and Angiocardiography
Authors: JOE R. WISE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 May 1970Atrial Myxoma and AngiocardiographyJOE R. WISE, M.D.JOE R. WISE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-756_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their communication, "Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Atrial Tumor" (Ann Intern Med 71:785-787, 1969) Drs. Popp and Harrison included a frame of cineangiogram film which did not demonstrate the myxoma within the left atrium. They implied that the angiogram in these cases was of little diagnostic value. However, if biplane angiography is done, the lateral view (Figure 1A) will frequently demonstrate the tumor when the posterioranterior (Figure 1B) does not.The experience at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, since 1954 includes nine patients with left atrial myxoma, in all of whom the diagnosis was established...Reference1. OAKLEY C: Personal communication Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOE R. WISE, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Clinical Cardiology Royal Postgraduate Medical School London England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLeft Atrial Myxoma Diagnosed By Ultrasound Cardiography 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 756-757KeywordsAngiocardiographyAngiographyLeft atriumUltrasound imaging ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Identification of MYH Mutation Carriers in Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter, Case-Control, Population-Based Study
Authors: Francesc Balaguer, Sergi Castellví–Bel, Antoni Castells, Montserrat Andreu, Jenifer Muñoz, Javier P. Gisbert, Xavier Llor, Rodrigo Jover, Rafael de Cid, Victòria Gonzalo, Xavier Bessa, Rosa M. Xicola, Elisenda Pons, Cristina Alenda, Artemio Payá, Josep M. Piqué
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2007)
THE SOLDIER'S FOOT
Authors: W. C. Greig
Journal: BMJ (1917)

A 3' !9!7 1-.'!DII.UAL; N-13 -'.;7 the variety of invadhinl na:obe.At Ilovaumont we CQuIld latteLly (JistinDui'is t (b&foc tle bactAlpological report) whethleLr B. DiufJLu,, Ii. lpororjc?les.Or the 1more dangerousrs g dim.'I f_ Lb j'b itc' and B. oedeXm icuifs, -wvere present.Warnina of (dangcier cokld thus fArequeitly be given froim ani cxamnination of tlle sliiaram, even when the clinical signs at the time gave no cause for anxiety.It will be of great -use to thle wonnded if tlhese observations are confirmed by other l radiologists.I hlad not read any paper oin the sutbject Avlhen I prepared imyiv analysis, buLt I had seen scveral gloomy prognoses made hy Dr. Pech, only too soon coiflliimed.---Iamn, etc.,
Outcomes and Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Staging Strategies for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nestor F. Esnaola, Sophia N. Lazarides, Steven J. Mentzer, Karen M. Kuntz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To identify the optimal strategy for staging the mediastinum of patients with known non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), stratified by tumor (T) classification. METHODS: We used a decision-analytic model to compare the health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of three staging strategies: (1) chest computed tomography alone, (2) selective mediastinoscopy, and (3) routine mediastinoscopy. The overall effectiveness and cost of each strategy was a function of the proportion of patients accurately staged and the risks, benefits, and costs of the diagnostic tests and treatments used. Probability estimates and costs were derived from primary data and the literature. We adopted a societal perspective and calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) as cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. RESULTS: Both mediastinoscopy strategies correctly identified more patients with mediastinal involvement (N2/N3 disease) and assigned them to multimodal regimens. Routine mediastinoscopy maximized ...
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Valerio Nobili, Naim Alkhouri, Anna Alisi, Claudia Della Corte, Emer Fitzpatrick, Massimiliano Raponi, Anil Dhawan
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and is considered the most common form of chronic liver disease in children. Several factors contribute to NAFLD development, including race/ethnicity, genetic factors, environmental exposures, and alterations in the gut microbiome. The histologic spectrum of NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to the more aggressive nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Fibrosis and eventually cirrhosis can develop from NAFLD during childhood. Diagnosing advanced disease is challenging and may require a liver biopsy, highlighting the urgent need for reliable, noninvasive markers of disease severity. The mainstay of treatment for NAFLD remains lifestyle modifications and weight loss. Probiotics and ω-3 fatty acids may ameliorate disease progression. Recent data have suggested that vitamin E may be considered as a NASH-specific therapy in children, and there are several ongoing human studies evaluating different therapeutic targets for NAFLD. We provide an up-to-date review of the risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment to manage this common disease in children.
Spontaneous rhythmic contractile behaviour of aortic ring segments isolated from pressure loaded regions of the vasculature
Authors: C R. White, J. E Zehr
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

The aim was to study contractile responses of segments of rat arteries taken from pressure loaded and pressure protected regions and to examine the role of endothelial derived factors on the spontaneous activity of pressure loaded ring segments.Rats were subjected to complete aortic coarctation between the origins of the renal arteries and allowed to recover for 8 d. After 8 d arterial pressures were measured in awake animals from the pressure loaded and pressure protected regions simultaneously. Ring segments (2-3 mm) were taken from the two regions and mounted in a tissue bath for isometric force measurements. Similar studies were conducted in sham animals and in animals in which the kidney distal to the coarctation had been removed.Female Sprague-Dawley rats, weight 200-250 g, were used.Eight days after coarctation mean aortic pressure proximal to the occlusion was 168(SEM 1.29) mm Hg (n = 104) while distally it was 38(2.42) (n = 40). Of the rings tested 96% showed spontaneous rhythmic activity, having a mean frequency of 3.94(0.17) cycles.min-1. Spontaneous activity was not present in the pressure protected segments taken from the same animals. Rats with the distal kidney removed (n = 25) failed to become hypertensive and similarly prepared ring segments failed to show spontaneous rhythmic activity. Prior removal of the endothelial layer had no effect on the spontaneous contractile responses in pressure loaded segments. Histological examination showed that the media to lumen ratio was increased in coarcted rats in both pressure loaded and pressure protected regions compared to similar regions in sham operated animals.Pressure loaded arterial segments show spontaneous contractile activity when compared to sham segments by mechanisms not dependent on endothelial derived factors. The increase in pressure proximal to the occlusion is dependent on the renin-angiotensin system, since pressure was not increased when the distal kidney was removed. We hypothesise that the chronic pressure load induces fundamental changes in membrane permeability which leads to spontaneous contractile activity.
Prevalence of inappropriate drug treatment in patients with hyperthyroidism.
Authors: S G Cooke, G E Ratcliffe, I Fogelman, M N Maisey
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism due to single or multiple functioning autonomous nodules with secondary suppression of extranodular tissue (Plummer's disease') is radioiodine as this results in a high cure rate with little inconvenience or morbidity and a low incidence of hypothyroidism.2I In contrast, the conventional treatment for toxic diffuse goitre (Graves' disease) is to give antithyroid drugs for six months to two years and if remission does not follow or early relapse occurs to give radioactive iodine or perform subtotal thyroidectomy.4Autonomous toxic nodules and diffuse toxic goitre can usually be distinguished clearly by radionuclide thyroid scanning.Without an initial scan, however, prolonged and unsuccessful treatment of Plummer's disease with antithyroid drugs may be undertaken when the hyperthyroidism could have been treated earlier and more effectively by radioiodine or surgery.The purpose of this study was to investigate the proportion of patients with undiagnosed Plummer's disease who had received long term treatment with antithyroid drugs. Patients and methodsWe reviewed 882 consecutive patients with hyperthyroidism who had attended the thyroid clinic at this hospital from 1975 to 1983.The patients had been referred either directly by their general practitioners or from other hospital clinics.Hyperthyroidism was confirmed biochemically by radio- immunoassay of serum triiodothyronine (normal range 1-2-3-0 nmol/I (0-78-1-95 ng/ml)) and serum thyroxine (normal range 70-150 nmol/l (5-4-11-6!tg 100 ml)), with a thyrotrophin releasing hormone test when indicated.Plummer's disease was diagnosed when (a) one or more areas of focally increased accumulation of tracer were found on the thyroid scan with suppression of the rest of the gland, (b) thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin was not detected in the serum, and (c) other systemic features of Graves' disease were absent (ophthalmopathy, pretibial myxoedema, and acro- pachy).Radionuclide thyroid scanning was performed in all cases, usually at the first visit to the clinic.We injected 180 MBq (4-9 mCi) of 49Tc as sodium pertechnetate intravenously and performed imaging after 20 minutes with a gammacamera fitted with either a pinhole or a long nose parallel hole collimator.The uptake of radionuclide into the thyroid gland was calculated
Insulin resistance in the vasculature
Authors: Kieren J. Mather, Helmut O. Steinberg, Alain D. Baron
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Insulin resistance is typically defined as a reduced ability of insulin to induce glucose uptake by target tissues such as fat and skeletal muscle cells. It accompanies several disease states, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hepatitis C, and polycystic ovary syndrome, and is a primary feature of metabolic syndrome. Outside of its effects on blood glucose levels, insulin resistance is also associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. In 1996, Alain Baron, Helmut Steinberg, and colleagues demonstrated that insulin resistance is associated with endothelial dysfunction. This seminal observation led to significant advances in our understanding of insulin's action in health and disease.
Baseline Micronuclei Frequency in Children: Estimates from Meta- and Pooled Analyses
Authors: Monica Neri, Marcello Ceppi, Lisbeth E. Knudsen, Domenico Franco Merlo, Roberto Barale, Riccardo Puntoni, Stefano Bonassi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

The number of studies evaluating the effect of environmental exposure to genotoxic agents in children has rapidly increased in the last few years. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes determined with the cytokinesis block assay is among the most popular biomarkers used for this purpose, although large inter- and intralaboratory variability of this end point has been observed in population studies. The availability of reference measures is therefore necessary for laboratories to validate protocols and analytical procedures, and for molecular epidemiologists, as well, to estimate the statistical power of studies and to assess the quality of data. In this article, we provide estimates of the baseline frequency of MN in children, conducting a meta-analysis of MN frequency reported by field studies in children and a pooled analysis of individual data [available from published studies and from the Human Micronucleus International Collaborative Study (HUMN) database]. Thirteen articles were selected for meta-analysis, and individual data included in the pooled analysis were retrieved from the databases of 12 laboratories. Overall means of 4.48 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.35-5.98] and 5.70 (95% CI, 4.29-7.56) MN per 1,000 binucleated cells were estimated by the meta- and pooled analysis, respectively. A clear effect of age was detected, even within the restricted range of pediatric age considered, with significantly lower frequency values in newborns. No influence of sex was found. The study showed the advantage of using data from large collaborative studies and suggested a synergistic use of meta- and pooled analysis.
FACIAL AND THORACIC DEFORMITIES INCIDENT TO OBSTRUCTION BY ADENOID HYPERTROPHY IN THE NASO-PHARYNX.Read by Title in the Section of Practice of Medicine, Materia Medica and Physiology, at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, May, 1890.
Authors: W. E. CASSEEBERRY
Journal: JAMA (1890)

The disease which occasions the particular form of obstruction, prone to result in the series of deformities about to be described, is variously known as "adenoid hypertrophy in the naso-pharynx," "adenoid vegetations" and "hypertrophic naso-pharyngitis;" and in multiplicity of cases, gravity of consequences, facility of operative treatment, and the brilliancy of results, it may be said to outrank any other affection of the upper respiratory tract. At the vault of the pharynx a number of muco-lymphoid follicles are grouped together forming a compound gland, analagous to the tonsils and known as the third tonsil, the pharyngeal tonsil or the tonsil of Luschka. In the normal state this is not of sufficient size to deserve such appellation, but when hypertrophied, as it frequently is, it bears some resemblance to the faucial tonsil in a state of enlargement. In form, contour, and consistency the growth presents many gradations from the soft
The BLIMP-1 risk allele is associated with increased synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M. M. J. Herenius, L. G. M. van Baarsen, P. L. Klarenbeek, C. A. Wijbrandts, J. D. Canete, R. M. Plenge, P. P. Tak, N. de Vries
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> In recent years several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These SNPs were localised close to or in genes involved in several RA related pathogenic processes, including T cell activation (CD2 and CD28) and B cell differentiation (PTPN22 and PRDM1). <h3>Objective</h3> To gain insight into the potential role of these genetic variants in pathophysiological processes in RA the authors analysed the association of these alleles with synovial tissue inflammation in RA patients. <h3>Patients and methods</h3> RA patients underwent a mini-arthroscopy under local anaesthesia to obtain synovial biopsies. Genotyping of 14 previously validated risk alleles was done using a single Sequenom iPlex pool. In 87 patients paired synovial tissue and DNA samples passed quality control. Synovial sections were analysed by immunohistochemistry to evaluate the cell infiltrate. In 45 patients RNA was extracted from synovial biopsies RNA for microarray analysis using an oligonucleotide array covering 17 972 unique genes. <h3>Results</h3> In carriers of the Blimp-1 risk allele the synovial infiltrate contained significantly more CD38 plasma cells (p=0.008), CD22 B cells (p=0.023), CD3 T cells (p=0.013) and CD68 sub lining macrophages (p=0.016). There was no statistically significant difference in CD55 fibroblast-like-synoviocytes and CD68 intimal macrophages. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in systemic inflammation as measured by Disease Activity Score using 28 joint counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein between patients that did or did not encode the Blimp-1 susceptibility allele. As expected, microarray analysis of the synovial tissue of patients with the Blimp-1 risk allele (n=34) showed a significant increase of several immunoglobulin encoding genes as compared to patients without the risk allele (n=11) together with an increased expression of genes involved in T and B cell activation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> RA patients with the Blimp-1 risk allele show more synovial inflammation than those without this allele. Consistent with the role of Blimp-1 in plasma cell development, the authors found a marked increase in plasma cell numbers in patients carrying the Blimp-1 risk allele as well as increased expression of immunoglobulin encoding genes.
Genetic Polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln Is Associated With Survival in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Gemcitabine/Platinum
Authors: Wei-Yu Liao, Jin-Yuan Shih, Gee-Chen Chang, Yu-Kai Cheng, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Yuh-Min Chen, Chong-Jen Yu
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)