tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Werner Flacke
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The importance of poisonings in medical practice is rapidly increasing with the expanding use of chemicals in industry and medicine, as well as in everyday life. At the same time, poisoning with a given substance may be encountered only rarely, if at all, by an individual physician. It is clearly impossible to commit to memory the vast information required for all eventualities. Thus, a textbook of poisonings belongs to the hard core of books needed in every medical practice.  The book reviewed here profits from the fact that it is in its fourth edition in 12 years (1963). It suffers from the fact that it is a translation of the original (German) edition. Therefore, the terminology used is sometimes unfamiliar, and the experience of the author is not always typical for North America. For example, the author considers accidental poisoning in children with aspirin of little importance— and treats it
Cholinergic urticaria with associated angio-oedema
Authors: C.M. LAWRENCE, J.L. JORIZZO, ANNE KOBZA-BLACK, ANGELA COUTTS, M.W. GREAVES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Three patients are described who developed angio-oedema and urticaria after a hot bath challenge and physical exercise. In one patient this was accompanied by a fall in peak expiratory flow rate. Blood levels of smooth muscle biological activity, measured using a bio-assay, increased in all patients after experimental challenge. The association of angio-oedema with cholinergic urticaria is emphasized and possible mechanisms discussed.
CEACAM1 negatively regulates platelet-collagen interactions and thrombus growth in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Cyndi Wong, Yong Liu, Jana Yip, Rochna Chand, Janet L. Wee, Lisa Oates, Bernhard Nieswandt, Adili Reheman, Heyu Ni, Nicole Beauchemin, Denise E. Jackson
Journal: Blood (2008)
“Floppy Mitral Valve”
Authors: W F Duvernoy, D R Small
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Figure 1. Floppy Mitral Valve. A 71-year-old man presented with acute pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock nine years after his mitral and aortic valves had been replaced by Bjork-Shiley prostheses. Cinefluoroscopy showed that the minor strut of the mitral-valve prosthesis had broken off, and the disk was flopping wildly in the left ventricle. A frame from the cinefluoroscopy (Panel A) shows the severed minor strut (open arrow), the free-floating disk (arrowhead), the defective mitral-valve prosthesis (solid arrow), and the intact aortic-valve prosthesis (curved arrow). Echocardiography revealed wide-open mitral regurgitation. The disk was removed from the left ventricle, and the defective . . .
The Effect of Respiratory Functions and Pulmonary Artery Pressure on Right and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function
Authors: Şeref Alpsoy, Aydın Akyüz, Dursun Cayan Akkoyun, Mustafa Oran, Levent Cem Mutlu, Birol Topçu, Hasan Değirmenci, Banu Çiçek Yalçın
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Surgical Pathology of the Nervous System and Its Coverings
Authors: Orville T. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1977)

In neuropathology, there are excellent general texts and monographs on tumors, but it is not easy to find information on the pathologic background of other neurosurgical conditions. This volume is planned to fill the needs of general pathologists, neuroradiologists, and clinicians in dealing with such lesions. The aim is achieved admirably, and in doing so, the authors have also produced a valuable reference for neuropathologists, especially in resident training.  The arrangement is topographic, with chapters on skull, brain, spine, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve, with special sections on the sella turcica and on cerebral biopsy in patients with dementia. The authors have kept the repetition inherent in this arrangement to a minimum by giving one major presentation of each lesion, with cross references when the lesion occurs in another location. Discussions are brief, but well-chosen references facilitate further study. The writing is crystal clear and has an elegance rare in
Autonomous Erythropoiesis during Erythroblastic Crisis of Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia
Authors: C. H. Srodes, E. H. Hyde, D. R. Boggs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Two patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia who developed an erythroblastic rather than a myeloblastic phase were studied with respect to whether or not the megaloblastic erythropoiesis was subject to normal control mechanisms. After transfusion, no significant reduction was observed in the percentage of nucleated erythroid precursors or of proerythroblasts in marrow or in blood reticulocytes. In one of the two patients, ferrokinetics and urinary erythropoietin levels were studied and were also compatible with the conclusions that erythropoiesis was autonomous in this rare syndrome. Three patients with clinical pictures compatible with Di Guglielmo's syndrome were studied as controls. As has been reported previously, erythropoiesis in this syndrome appeared to be responsive to normal control mechanisms. These data suggest that these two clinically similar syndromes, erythroblastic crisis of chronic myelocytic leukemia and Di Guglielmo's syndrome may represent qualitatively different defects in hematopoietic stem cells.
Informal care giving for disabled stroke survivors
Authors: Graeme J Hankey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Training the care giver benefits the patient, the care giver, and the community 

At any time, about 0.5% of the population of the United Kingdom (250 000 out of 50 million) are disabled stroke survivors who are dependent on the help of a carer to perform community based activities (for example, shopping), domestic activities (housework), and personal activities of daily living (mobilising, toileting, bathing, dressing, grooming, and feeding).1 This year, at least another 0.07% (35 000) of the UK population will become disabled stroke survivors seeking full time or part time care.2 3 Such care is generally provided in a nursing home, hostel, or the home of the patient or carer, often after a period of care and rehabilitation in hospital. Additional formal support may sometimes be forthcoming from community nursing services and allied health and social services. But the onus of caring for such patients at home usually falls on one or more informal care givers, who are often family members (usually spouses …
Single-Dose Therapy of Chancroid with Trimethoprim–Sulfametrole
Authors: Frank A. Plummer, Herbert Nsanze, Lourdes J. D'Costa, Peter Karasira, Ian W. Maclean, Russell H. Ellison, Allan R. Ronald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We conducted a randomized double-blind trial comparing a single dose of trimethoprim–sulfametrole (640 to 3200 mg) with five-day regimens of either trimethoprim–sulfametrole (160 to 800 mg twice daily) or trimethoprim alone (200 mg twice daily) for the treatment of men with chancroid. Of 95 patients, 78 had cultures positive for Hemophilus ducreyi. Twenty-seven, 23, and 28 patients, respectively, were assigned to the single-dose trimethoprim–sulfametrole, the five-day trimethoprim–sulfametrole, and the five-day trimethoprim treatments. The rate of ulcer and bubo resolution, the mean (±S.D.) healing times (10.3±5.7, 11.0±7.4, and 11.9±8.2 days, respectively), the microbiologic response, the number of treatment failures, and the number of recurrent ulcers were similar in all three treatment groups. We conclude that single-dose trimethoprim–sulfametrole is a highly effective, inexpensive therapy for chancroid in men and may prove to be an important strategy for the control of H. ducreyi infection. (N Engl J Med 1983; 309:67–71.)
Iproniazid in Angina Pectoris
Authors: MILTON SHOSHKES, EDWIN L. ROTHFELD, MARVIN C. BECKER, AARON FINKELSTEIN, CALVIN C. SMITH, FRED W. WACHTEL
Journal: Circulation (1959)

There has been considerable recent interest in the treatment of angina pectoris with iproniazid. In this paper the results of a careful double-blind study of its effect are evaluated.
Outcomes at School Age after Postnatal Dexamethasone Therapy for Lung Disease of Prematurity
Authors: Tsu F. Yeh, Yuh J. Lin, Hung C. Lin, Chao C. Huang, Wu S. Hsieh, Chyi H. Lin, Cheng H. Tsai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

We studied the outcomes at school age in children who had participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of early postnatal dexamethasone therapy (initiated within 12 hours after birth) for the prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity.Of the 262 children included in the initial study, 159 lived to school age. Of these children, 146 (72 in the dexamethasone group and 74 in the control group) were included in our study. All the infants had had severe respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation shortly after birth. In the dexamethasone group, 0.25 mg of dexamethasone per kilogram of body weight was given intravenously every 12 hours for one week, and then the dose was tapered. We evaluated the children's growth, neurologic and motor function, cognition, and school performance.Children in the dexamethasone group were significantly shorter than the controls (P=0.03 for boys, P=0.01 for girls, and P=0.03 for all children) and had a significantly smaller head circumference (P=0.04). Children in the dexamethasone group had significantly poorer motor skills (P<0.001), motor coordination (P<0.001), and visual-motor integration (P=0.02). As compared with the controls, children in the dexamethasone group also had significantly lower full IQ scores (mean [+/-SD], 78.2+/-15.0 vs. 84.4+/-12.6; P=0.008), verbal IQ scores (84.1+/-13.2 vs. 88.4+/-11.8, P=0.04), and performance IQ scores (76.5+/-14.6 vs. 84.5+/-12.7, P=0.001). The frequency of clinically significant disabilities was higher among children in the dexamethasone group than among controls (28 of 72 [39 percent] vs. 16 of 74 [22 percent], P=0.04).Early postnatal dexamethasone therapy should not be recommended for the routine prevention or treatment of chronic lung disease, because it leads to substantial adverse effects on neuromotor and cognitive function at school age.
Uncommon Presentations of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Gerlando Quintini, Vincenzo Barbera, Vito Franco, Ada Maria Florena, Vincenzo Spadola, Giuglielmo Mariani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.12.132 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12560450 Uncommon Presentations of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Case 1. Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Diagnosis on Prostate Biopsy Gerlando QuintinixGerlando QuintiniSearch for articles by this author , Vincenzo BarberaxVincenzo BarberaSearch for articles by this author , Vito FrancoxVito FrancoSearch for articles by this author , Ada Maria FlorenaxAda Maria FlorenaSearch for articles by this author , Vincenzo SpadolaxVincenzo SpadolaSearch for articles by this author , Giuglielmo MarianixGiuglielmo MarianiSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.12.132 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
La Psychothérapie en tant qu’Institution Psychiatrique
Authors: A. Bauleo
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

In this paper the author outlines through a defense mechanism (rationalization) the kind of relationship existing between mental structure and socio-economic structure. He shows how that defense, owing to its characteristics, pointed out by Freud, will constitute a good index to bring out evidence of a twofold inscription of the social into the mental. In the first inscription, the social feature appears as a restriction to pulsional discharge; in the second one, it appears in the defense mechanism as a pattern of desire fulfilled on the basis of stationary religious, moral or political ideologies. This would imply the fact of denouncing how in the psychotherapeutic relationship both patient and therapist may «allow» this kind of defense because it gives them 'fringe benefits'. But it is also indicated that a revolutionary ideology can never work as a pattern for that kind of defense since it contains qualities that will bring froth changes.
Monoclonal TCR-redirected tumor cell killing
Authors: Nathaniel Liddy, Giovanna Bossi, Katherine J Adams, Anna Lissina, Tara M Mahon, Namir J Hassan, Jessie Gavarret, Frayne C Bianchi, Nicholas J Pumphrey, Kristin Ladell, Emma Gostick, Andrew K Sewell, Nikolai M Lissin, Naomi E Harwood, Peter E Molloy, Yi Li, Brian J Cameron, Malkit Sami, Emma E Baston, Penio T Todorov, Samantha J Paston, Rebecca E Dennis, Jane V Harper, Steve M Dunn, Rebecca Ashfield, Andy Johnson, Yvonne McGrath, Gabriela Plesa, Carl H June, Michael Kalos, David A Price, Annelise Vuidepot, Daniel D Williams, Deborah H Sutton, Bent K Jakobsen
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Crizotinib (PF-02341066) Shows Differential Antitumor Effects in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer According to MET Alterations
Authors: Junko Tanizaki, Isamu Okamoto, Kunio Okamoto, Ken Takezawa, Kiyoko Kuwata, Haruka Yamaguchi, Kazuhiko Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
THE SECONDARY CASE OF SCARLET FEVER
Authors: ARCHIBALD L. HOYNE
Journal: JAMA (1934)

During the year 1932 certain changes made in the scarlet fever quarantine requirements by the Illinois State Department of Health and the Chicago Board of Health offered an unusual opportunity for a study of the secondary case of scarlet fever and the duration of scarlet fever infectivity. Four series were investigated, in which 4,315 patients were discharged from the Municipal Contagious Disease Hospital under different regulations. In the first group the quarantine period was four weeks for uncomplicated cases. Patients with abnormal discharges, however, were held in the hospital until they were clinically well, with the stipulation that the maximum period should not exceed ninety days. Under this arrangement, between Jan. 1 and July 6, 1932, there were discharged 1,454 patients, 235 of whom were adults. Among the 1,454 patients, sixty-two, or 4.2 per cent, were responsible for secondary or so-called return cases of scarlet fever. To these sixty-two patients,
On the STRUCTURE of the NEUROGLIA
Authors: J. R. Whitwell
Journal: BMJ (1898)

DA J= 6i close to regions enjoying an immunity.These latter are generally in dry localities and some distance from streams.In these cancer regions one of two conditions prevail-either they are closely populated, or if the houses be spread about at some distance from each other a rivulet or stream connects them."Having alluded to the disputed question of "heredity," I I cannot close my paper without recording one series of cases, the occurrence of which can hardly be explained without that factor.In one family of two generations numbering i6 individuals reaching adult years io have died; of these Io, 3 have died of carcinoma of uterus, 2 of carcinoma of the stomach, and I of carcinoma of the liver, while of the 6 yet living I has a large tumour of the neck, and I a tumour of the arm, which has recurred after removal.The facts which this investigation has brought out, and which may readily be confirmed by anyone who will take the trouble to tabulate all the cases of malignant disease occur- ring in his own neighbourhood, seem to me to be of con- siderable importance.The explanation I have suggested may not be the correct one, but of the facts there can be no doubt.NOTE. 1 From inquiries recently made it seems probable that malignant dis- ease in cattle is influenced by locality in a precisely similar way and is much more frequently met with in those pastures which are low lying or bordering on sluggish streams than it is in the upland pastures.It is also more common among shorthorns than among other breeds.
Early mortality of acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without prior coronary revascularization surgery. A Coronary Artery Surgery Study Registry Study.
Authors: K B Davis, E L Alderman, A S Kosinski, E Passamani, J W Kennedy
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND The Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) Registry is used to evaluate the effect of various baseline clinical and angiographic factors on mortality after acute out-of-hospital myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with and without prior coronary bypass surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS Among the CASS Registry patients, there were 985 medical and 369 surgical patients who had an MI out of the hospital within 3 years after enrollment. In the medical group, 20% died before hospitalization. Medical patients with baseline three-vessel disease or left ventricular (LV) dysfunction were at high risk of immediate death. For medical patients who were hospitalized with MI, mortality was higher for older patients and those with severe angina as well as for those with extensive disease and LV dysfunction. The total 30-day mortality for medical patients was 36%. In the surgical group, 12% died before hospitalization. Surgical patients with LV dysfunction or prior MI were at highest risk of immediate death. For surgical patients hospitalized with MI, mortality was significantly increased only for patients with baseline LV dysfunction. Mortality was not significantly higher for surgical patients with multivessel disease. The total 30-day mortality for surgical patients was 21%. The prior use of aspirin or beta-blockers was not associated with reduced mortality from subsequent MI for either medical or surgical patients. Although the prevalence of cigarette smoking was high among patients who had an MI, cigarette smoking did not alter the infarct-related mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS The surgical group had lower mortality rates than the medical group both immediately (p = 0.001), after hospitalization (p less than 0.0001), and at 30 days (p less than 0.0001).
Mental Disorders in Childhood
Authors: Thomas R. Insel
Journal: JAMA (2014)

The recent Global Burden of Disease Study reported on morbidity and mortality for 291 disorders and injuries across 187 countries.1 Expressed as “years lost to disability,” mental and substance abuse disorders accounted for nearly 23% of global morbidity, more than any other group of disorders.2 Although it may seem surprising that mental and substance abuse disorders would, by this measure, be more disabling than heart disease or cancer, at least part of the explanation is that mental and substance abuse disorders are more likely to arise early in life. In an earlier US population-based epidemiological study, 50% of adults with a mental disorder reported onset by 14 years or younger, 75% by 25 years or younger.3 In terms of burden of illness, mental and substance abuse disorders are, in fact, the predominant noncommunicable disorders of young people.
Microreactors: Liquid Marbles as Micro‐bioreactors for Rapid Blood Typing (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 1/2012)
Authors: Tina Arbatan, Lizi Li, Junfei Tian, Wei Shen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

The use of liquid marbles as micro-bioreactors for blood typing assays inside liquid marbles is explored by Wei Shen and co-workers on page 80. The haemagglutination reaction is initiated by injecting the relevant antibody into a marble of a blood sample. The reaction is signified by the separation of agglutinated red blood cells to the lower part of the marble, which leads to applications in ABO and Rh Blood typing.
Life expectancy gap between better and less educated in US widens
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The gap in life expectancy between highly educated and less educated people in the United States has grown dramatically. Almost all gains in life expectancy over the past two decades have occurred among highly educated people, according to a new study of national life expectancy data and mortality trends ( Health Affairs 2008:27;350-60).

Gaps in life expectancy related to education increased by about 30% between 1981 and 2000. The authors calculate that in 2000, life expectancy for a …
Reply to Ayhan Verit’s Letter to the Editor re: Derya Tilki, Ergin Kilic, Robert Tauber, Dietrich Pfeiffer, Christian G. Stief, Roland Tauber and Süleyman Ergün. The Complex Structure of the Smooth Muscle Layer of Spermatic Veins and its Potential Role in the Development of Varicocele Testis. Eur Urol 2007;51:1402–10
Authors: Derya Tilki, Christian G. Stief, Süleyman Ergün
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Clinical Outcome of Isolated Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Yan Topilsky, Vuyisile T Nkomo, Ori Vatury, Hector I Michelena, Thierry Letourneau, Rakesh M Suri, Sorin Pislaru, Soon Park, Douglas W Mahoney, Simon Biner, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)
Gastroskopische Stufenbiopsie entlang der großen Kurvatur: Primärmanifestation und Expansion der chronischen Gastritis
Authors: R. Ottenjann, G. Kanzler, W. Bartelheimer, W. Oehlert
Journal: Endoscopy (1971)

During gastroscopy in a total of 76 patients 6 mucosal biopsies were taken along the greater curvature in approximately equal distances. Histologic classification was done as normal mucosa, superficial gastritis and atrophic gastritis. In 30 patients all 6 biopsy-specimens showed normal mucosa. In 18 patients diffuse gastritis of uniform intensity was present. Gastritis confined to the antrum was found in 6 cases, antral gastritis spreading to the corpus (pyloro-cardial expension) was found in 14 cases. Gastritis confined to the proximal part of the stomach was proved in 4 cases, gastritis localized in the antrum and the fundus was proved in 3 cases. In one case gastritis was only found in the middle third of the stomach. - Knowing about the different primary manifestation and expansion of gastritis, blind biopsy of the stomach must be considered inadequate for investigation of gastritis.
Dobutamine Enhances Cardiodepressant Effects of Receptor-Mediated Coronary Endothelial Stimulation
Authors: Jozef Bartunek, Ajay M. Shah, Marc Vanderheyden, Walter J. Paulus
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background In humans, intracoronary infusion of substance P reduces left ventricular end-systolic pressure and left ventricular peak systolic pressure because of earlier onset of left ventricular relaxation induced by paracrine myocardial action of mediators released from the coronary endothelium. The present study investigated in humans the effects of β-adrenergic stimulation, which also induces earlier left ventricular relaxation, on the left ventricular myocardial contractile response to intracoronary infusion of substance P. Methods and Results Data were obtained in 13 patients after cardiac transplantation and in 3 patients with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Microtip left ventricular pressure recordings were obtained during a 5-minute intracoronary infusion of substance P (20 pmol/min) under control conditions and then repeated during concurrent intravenous administration of dobutamine. In the presence of dobutamine, intracoronary substance P caused a greater fall in left ventricular end-systolic pressure (transplantation control, −9±11 versus transplantation dobutamine, −20±18 mm Hg [ P &lt;.05]; cardiomyopathy control, −4±1 versus cardiomyopathy dobutamine, −10±3 mm Hg [ P &lt;.05]) and in left ventricular peak systolic pressure (transplantation control, −14±10 versus transplantation dobutamine, −30±22 mm Hg [ P &lt;.01]; cardiomyopathy control, −9±7 versus cardiomyopathy dobutamine, −15±6 mm Hg [ P =.1]). Conclusions Dobutamine enhances the cardiodepressant effect on myocardial contractile performance of receptor-mediated coronary endothelial stimulation in transplant recipients and in patients with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy. This enhancement could result from a potentiating interaction of the relaxation-hastening effect exerted by β-adrenergic stimulation and by mediators released from the coronary endothelium, such as nitric oxide.