tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Adventure at Anaheim
Authors: R. H. Moser
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Cardiac Risks of Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Charles Gregorius
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I read with great interest the Editorial<sup>1</sup>dealing with risks associated with major noncardiac surgery. Great strides have already been made in (1) identification of patients who are at greater risk for morbidity and mortality in the perioperative period, (2) application of improved monitoring, and (3) earlier and more effective intervention when problems occur. However, if all that our identifiers and indicators do is heighten our awareness so that we are more ready to react with our antihypertensives, anti-ischemics, antiarrhythmics, and anti—this-and-thats, then we are not likely to make further significant improvements in postoperative morbidity and mortality statistics. Along with improved monitoring and readiness to react, we must redouble our efforts to be more proactive. Killip points out that the patient is at greatest risk during the postoperative period. The preoperative period allows us to identify patients' surgical and medical problems and to tune up patients
Changes of Nuclear Matrix Proteins Following the Differentiation of Human Osteosarcoma MG-63 Cells
Authors: Chun-Hong Zhao, Qi-Fu Li, Yan Zhao, Jing-Wen Niu, Zhi-Xing Li, Jin-An Chen
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2006)

Abstract Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were induced into differentiation by 5 mmol/L hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA). Their nuclear matrix proteins (NMPs) were selectively extracted and subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. The results of protein patterns were analyzed by Melanie software. The spots of differentially expressed NMPs were excised and subjected to in situ digestion with trypsin. The maps of peptide mass fingerprinting were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis, and were submitted for NCBI database searches by Mascot tool. There were twelve spots changed remarkably during the differentiation induced by HMBA, nine of which were identified. The roles of the regulated proteins during the MG-63 differentiation were analyzed. This study suggests that the induced differentiation of cancer cells is accompanied by the changes of NMPs, and confirms the presence of some specific NMPs related to the cancer cell proliferation and differentiation. The changed NMPs are potential markers for cancer diagnosis or targets for cancer therapy.
A Gene Encoding Antigenic Peptides of Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma Recognized by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
Authors: Shigeki Shichijo, Masanobu Nakao, Yasuhisa Imai, Hideo Takasu, Mayumi Kawamoto, Fumihiko Niiya, Damu Yang, Yuji Toh, Hideaki Yamana, Kyogo Itoh
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Except for melanomas, tumor antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are yet unidentified. We have identified a gene encoding antigenic peptides of human squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) recognized by human histocompatibility leukocyte antigens (HLA)- A2601–restricted CTLs. This gene showed no similarity to known sequences, and encoded two (125- and 43-kilodalton [kD]) proteins. The 125-kD protein with the leucine zipper motif was expressed in the nucleus of the majority of proliferating cells tested, including normal and malignant cells. The 43-kD protein was expressed in the cytosol of most SCCs from various organs and half of lung adenocarcinomas, but was not expressed in other cancers nor in a panel of normal tissues. The three nonapeptides shared by the two proteins were recognized by the KE4 CTLs, and one of the peptides induced in vitro from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) the CTLs restricted to the autologous tumor cells. The 43-kD protein and this nonapeptide (KGSGKMKTE) may be useful for the specific immunotherapy of HLA-A2601+ epithelial cancer patients.
Association of obesity and insulin resistance with asthma and aeroallergen sensitization
Authors: L. L. N. Husemoen, C. Glümer, C. Lau, C. Pisinger, L. S. Mørch, A. Linneberg
Journal: Allergy (2008)

It has been hypothesized that obesity and insulin resistance may play a role in the development of asthma and allergy. The aim of the study was to examine the association of obesity and insulin resistance with asthma and aeroallergen sensitization.Cross-sectional population-based study of 3609 Danish men and women aged 30-60 years. Aeroallergen sensitization was defined as positive levels of specific IgE against a panel of inhalant allergens. Asthma was defined as self-reported physician diagnosed asthma. Allergic asthma was defined as the presence of both asthma and aeroallergen sensitization. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was used to estimate the degree of insulin resistance. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist circumference were used as measures of obesity. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analyses.Obesity was associated with increased risk of aeroallergen sensitization as well as allergic and nonallergic asthma. Insulin resistance was asssociated with aeroallergen sensitization and allergic asthma, but not nonallergic asthma. The associations of obesity with aeroallegen sensitization and allergic asthma became nonsignificant after adjustment for insulin resistance, whereas the association of obesity with nonallergic asthma was unaffected. No sex-differences were observed.Obesity may be related to an increased risk of aeroallergen sensitization and allergic asthma through mechanisms also involved in the development of insulin resistance.
Case 5-1988
Authors: Frederick L. Mansfield, Andrew E. Rosenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Presentation of CaseA 34-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a painful left sacral and gluteal mass.There was a long history of low-back pain that was aggravated by lifting. X-ray films of the lumbar spine, obtained at this hospital 4 1/2 years before entry, were interpreted as normal except for straightening shown in the lateral view. Nineteen months before admission pain developed in the left hip, left buttock, and lumbosacral region and worsened progressively. A physician prescribed physical therapy for a diagnosis of sciatica, without relief; consultation with two chiropractors was also unsuccessful in relieving the . . .
Selection at Multiple Checkpoints Focuses VH12 B Cell Differentiation toward a Single B-1 Cell Specificity
Authors: Calin Tatu, Jian Ye, Larry W. Arnold, Stephen H. Clarke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Phosphatidyl choline (PtC)-specific B cells segregate to the B-1 subset, where they comprise up to 10% of the B-1 repertoire. About half express VH12 and Vκ4/5H and are restricted in VHCDR3. We have previously reported that anti-PtC VHCDR3 is enriched among VH12-expressing cells by selective elimination of pre-B cells. We report here a bias for Vκ4/5H expression among VH12-expressing B cells, even among those that do not bind PtC and are not B-1. This is due in part to an inability of VH12 to associate with many light (L) chains but must also be due to a selective advantage in survival or clonal expansion in the periphery for Vκ4/5H-expressing cells. Thus, the bias for Vκ4/5H expression is independent of PtC binding, and, as segregation to B-1 occurs after Ig gene expression, it precedes segregation to the B-1 subset. In 6-1 mice, splenic B-1 cells reside in follicles but segregate to follicles distinct from those that contain B-2 cells. These data indicate that selection at multiple developmental checkpoints ensures the co-expression of an anti-PtC VHCDR3 and L chain in a high frequency of VH12 B cells. This focus toward specificity for PtC facilitates the development of a large anti-PtC B-1 repertoire.
Intact removal of phytobezoar using fibreoptic endoscope in patient with gastric atony.
Authors: J C McLoughlin, A H Love, A A Adgey, A D Gough, M P Varma
Journal: BMJ (1979)

diverticular disease then the dietary theory would not explain the occurrence of the disease in five young patients in this series.Possibly the most important factor in diagnosing diverticular disease is the availability of radiological facilities.As the population coverage of health services in Kenya is not expected to reach even 50% by 19845 very few people are likely to undergo barium-enema examination.This is especially true of elderly people (those most at risk), who live largely in rural areas.It is expected that as more barium-enema examinations are carried out more cases will come to light.
Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease in Older Adults
Authors: Margo A. Denke
Journal: JAMA (1995)

More than a decade ago, randomized placebo-controlled trials proved that reducing elevated cholesterol levels in middle-aged men reduced their risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).<sup>1,2</sup>Whether a similar relationship exists between elevated cholesterol and increased risk of CHD events (defined as hospitalization or death due to CHD) in elderly individuals has remained unclear.<sup>3,4</sup>Data from a cohort of subjects reported by Krumholz and colleagues<sup>5</sup>and an accompanying Editorial<sup>6</sup>published in<i>JAMA</i>last year concluded that by at least the age of 80 years, elevated cholesterol no longer confers an increased risk for CHD events. See also p 539. In this issue ofThe Journal, Corti and colleagues<sup>7</sup>report an association between elevated cholesterol levels and CHD mortality in elderly women but not in elderly men. To<i>JAMA</i>readers, the methods and results of the study by Corti et al will appear similar to those of Krumholz et
A double-blind, randomized study comparing itraconazole pulse therapy with continuous dosing for the treatment of toe-nail onychomycosis
Authors: V. HAVU, H. BRANDT, H. HEIKKILÄ, A. HOLLMEN, R. OKSMAN, T. RANTANEN, S. SAARI, S. STUBB, K. TURJANMAA, T. PIEPPONEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

In this multicentre, double-blind, parallel group study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of continuous treatment with itraconazole, 200 mg daily for 3 months, in comparison with itraconazole pulse therapy, 400 mg daily 1 week per month for 3 months, in the treatment of toe-nail onychomycosis. The study included 129 patients with distal subungual onychomycosis of the toe-nails, confirmed by microscopy and positive for dermatophyte culture; 65 received continuous treatment and 64 received pulse therapy. Patients were followed up for 9 months after treatment. After 12 months, there were 62 evaluable patients in the continuous group and 59 evaluable patients in the pulse group. The clinical response (i.e. the size of the affected area and the progress of the infection) and mycological cure (i.e. negative results on microscopy and culture) were the main outcome measures. A clinical response was defined as a cure or a marked improvement. Clinical response rates were 69%, in the continuous group, and 81% in the pulse group at month 12; the corresponding mycological cure rates were 66 and 69%. A better improvement in signs and symptoms was noted in the pulse group. Six patients were withdrawn from treatment because of adverse events, not all of which were thought to be drug-related. There were no clinically relevant laboratory abnormalities. We conclude that both regimens are effective, safe and well tolerated. The superiority of one treatment over the other was not established, but the results tended to favour pulse therapy. Equivalence testing confirmed that pulse therapy was at least equivalent to continuous treatment.
194. Characteristics of Site-Specific Integration as Mediated by PhiC31 Integrase in the Human Genome
Authors: Joylette L. Portlock, Thomas W. Chalberg, Eric C. Olivares, Bhaskar Thyagarajan, Patrick J. Kirby, Michele P. Calos
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The phiC31 integrase is a site-specific recombinase originally isolated from a Streptomyces bacteriophage. It has been shown by our lab to perform a recombination reaction in mammalian cells that can result in the efficient chromosomal integration of plasmid DNA and long-term transgene expression. Such naked DNA vectors have a wide range of possible uses, including many gene therapy applications. Traditional plasmid vectors have been associated with short-lived expression, and viral vectors have been shown to cause toxicity. However, these are problems that an integrase-mediated non-viral gene therapy has the demonstrated potential to overcome.
Long-Term Excess Mortality for Survivors of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in the Netherlands
Authors: Maryska L. Janssen-Heijnen, Liza N. van Steenbergen, Ewout Steyerberg, Otto Visser, Dirk K. De Ruysscher, Harry J. Groen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)

Most patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) die within the first few years after diagnosis. However, only little is known about those who have survived these first years. We aimed to study conditional 5-year relative survival rates for NSCLC patients during long-term follow-up.All 12,148 patients aged 45 to 74 years diagnosed with stage I-III NSCLC between 1989 and 2008 in the Netherlands were derived from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Conditional 5-year relative survival was calculated for every additional year survived up to 15 years.Conditional 5-year relative survival rapidly improved with every year survived up to 4 to 5 years after diagnosis. However, a significant excess mortality of 20 to 40% remained. Conditional 5-year relative survival for those aged 45 to 59 years did not exceed 80% for survivors with stage I or II disease and remained just more than 70% for those with stage III disease. For those aged 60 to 74 years, these proportions were 70%, 65%, and 60%, respectively.A significant excess mortality remains in lung cancer after years which may be explained by excess risk of death due to smoking-related comorbidity in these patients. Caregivers should use this information for planning optimal cancer surveillance and informing cancer survivors about their actual prognosis.
Cytogenetically defined myelodysplasia after melphalan-based autotransplantation for multiple myeloma linked to poor hematopoietic stem-cell mobilization: the Arkansas experience in more than 3000 patients treated since 1989
Authors: Bart Barlogie, Guido Tricot, Jeff Haessler, Frits van Rhee, Michele Cottler-Fox, Elias Anaissie, James Waldron, Mauricio Pineda-Roman, Raymond Thertulien, Maurizio Zangari, Klaus Hollmig, Abid Mohiuddin, Yazan Alsayed, Antje Hoering, John Crowley, Jeffrey Sawyer
Journal: Blood (2007)
Low-dose Mammography
Authors: Stephen A. Feig
Journal: JAMA (1979)

DURING the past few years, there has been improvement of mammographic technology, enabling reduction of radiation dose, enhancement of image quality, and increased detection of breast cancers at an early curable stage. These advances are the result of two new imaging systems: (1) reduced-dose xeromammography, an electrostatic process using highly filtered x-rays to record on special paper an image composed of blue toner particles (Fig 1 and 2), and (2) screen-film combinations specifically designed for mammography. <h3>Reduced Dosage</h3> Formerly, all mammographic examinations were performed with nonscreen film, and skin exposure doses of 7 to 15 rads per exposure were necessary. Now, skin doses are reduced to 0.5 to 0.9 rads per exposure. The relationship between skin exposure dose and absorbed breast tissue dose was difficult to assess, but now it can be accurately measured by refined dosimetric techniques. For a typical two-view examination, the midbreast tissue dose is 0.08 to
THE RETROGRADE MOVEMENT OF URETERAL CALCULI
Authors: HERMAN L. KRETSCHMER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The advent of the roentgen ray marks the beginning of the period which is rightly characterized as the period of accurate and intelligent treatment of ureteral calculi. The roentgen ray, while contributing so largely to the diagnosis and treatment of this condition, is also accompanied by certain sources of error, chief of which are: (1) failure to demonstrate a calculus when present; (2) a wrong interpretation of shadows found in the plate, and (3) failure to find at operation a calculus which was definitely demonstrated by the roentgen ray to be in a "given portion" of the ureter. 1. With improved technic, failure to demonstrate the presence of a stone when present now makes up a very small percentage of cases. This small percentage can be still further reduced by subsequent examinations with the roentgen ray, by a careful rereading of the plates, by intra-ureteral injections of colloidal silver salts,
The Newer Cephalosporins
Authors: Robert C. Moellering, Morton N. Swartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

A host of new semisynthetic penicillins, some differing considerably both in antibacterial spectrums and in pharmacologic properties from the prototype (penicillin G), were introduced in the early 1960's. Similarly, the first half of the 1970's has seen the development and marketing of a bewildering array of semisynthetic cephalosporin derivatives. The latter do not, however, appear to have provided quite the wide variation in properties and clinical utility from their prototype (cephalothin) as was true of the penicillins.The rapid succession of new cephalosporin derivatives in the past several years has made the practicing physician's task rather formidable — not only . . .
Current Status of the Physician's Assistant and Related Issues
Authors: Malcolm C. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Today in the United States, virtually all family practitioners and pediatricians, most internists, and some obstetricians serve as primary-care physicians to patients and their families. Nevertheless, a large number of people are living in areas that can be classified as "medically underserved" in that the services of physicians and other health professionals are not available in proportion to need. The problem is particularly acute in the slum and urban ghetto areas of cities as well as in many rural communities. While it may be true that more physicians are needed, maldistribution and less than optimum utilization of health manpower result from conditions which cannot be treated by simply increasing supply. In fact, the problem may be aggravated by that approach. A preferred approach is to foster more effective use of existing health manpower and to encourage use of new types of allied health personnel where their need has been adequately
Haemodynamic effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition after cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs
Authors: K. M TAYLOR, J. G CASALS, S. M MITTRA, J. J BRANNAN, J. J MORTON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1980)

Recent studies have suggested a possible causative relationship between elevated plasma levels of Angiotensin II (All) and the vasoconstriction associated with conventional cardiopulmonary bypass. The haemodynamic effects of SQ14225, a specific angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, have been studied in a group of five dogs submitted to a 60 min period of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A 20 min infusion of SQ14225 in a dose of 2 μg·kg−1·h−1 was administered to each dog 2 h after the end of the period of CPB. Measurements of peripheral vascular resistance index (PVRI), cardiac index (CI) and plasma levels of Angiotensin II were obtained at the start and end of the infusion period. The results in the five blocked dogs were compared with a control series of ten unblocked dogs submitted to an identical cardiopulmonary bypass regime. In the blocked dogs, PVRI fell significantly during infusion of SQ14225 from 38.27 units to 21.70 units (P < 0.01). There was a simultaneous significant increase in cardiac index from 3.00 to 3.98 litre·m2·min−1 (P < 0.01). Plasma Angiotensin II levels fell in the blocked dogs from 57 to 11.5 pg·cm−3 during the infusion period (normal levels <I5 pg.cm−3). In the control unblocked dogs, there was no corresponding fall in PVRI, no rise in cardiac index, and no fall in elevated plasma AII levels. The difference between the groups were statistically highly significant (P <0.005). These results indicate that reduction in elevated plasma AII levels after CPB using converting enzyme inhibitor SQ14225 is associated with a significant fall in peripheral vascular resistance and a significant rise in cardiac index. In addition, the study confirms the causative relationship between elevated plasma levels of Angiotensin II and the increased vasoconstriction associated with non-pulsatile CPB.
Ethanol causes acute inhibition of carbohydrate, fat, and protein oxidation and insulin resistance.
Authors: J J Shelmet, G A Reichard, C L Skutches, R D Hoeldtke, O E Owen, G Boden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

To study the mechanism of the diabetogenic action of ethanol, ethanol (0.75 g/kg over 30 min) and then glucose (0.5 g/kg over 5 min) were infused intravenously into six normal males. During the 4-h study, 21.8 +/- 2.1 g of ethanol was metabolized and oxidized to CO2 and H2O. Ethanol decreased total body fat oxidation by 79% and protein oxidation by 39%, and almost completely abolished the 249% rise in carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation seen in controls after glucose infusion. Ethanol decreased the basal rate of glucose appearance (GRa) by 30% and the basal rate of glucose disappearance (GRd) by 38%, potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin release by 54%, and had no effect on glucose tolerance. In hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies, ethanol caused a 36% decrease in glucose disposal. We conclude that ethanol was a preferred fuel preventing fat, and to lesser degrees, CHO and protein, from being oxidized. It also caused acute insulin resistance which was compensated for by hypersecretion of insulin.
Medical Confidentiality and Legal Privilege
Authors: N J MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The fact that the confidentiality of the doctor-patient relationship cannot be guaranteed in a court of law may be news to some patients, but doctors have become injured to the increasing number of occasions on which access to sensitive medical information is demanded and many would expect no better from the courts. The dilemmas presented by HIV disease high-light potential challenges to patient's privacy and expose the inadequate protection offered to it.The recent attention given by the media to several doctor patients with HIV disease caused anger in the medical profession- articulated in the letter pages of this journal- and hammered home the “free for all” that now exists.Should the courts not offer some bulwark to the confidentiality on which patients, even …